page_title: List of motte-and-bailey castles
section_title: Scotland
hierarchical_section_title: List of motte-and-bailey castles / United Kingdom / Scotland
caption_attribution_description: English: The remains of a Motte and Bailey castle, Ardwell, Stranraer
context_page_description: A motte-and-bailey is a form of castle, with a wooden or stone keep situated on a raised earthwork called a motte, accompanied by an enclosed courtyard, or bailey, surrounded by a protective ditch and palisade. Relatively easy to build with unskilled, often forced labour, but still militarily formidable, these castles were built across northern Europe from the 10th century onwards, spreading from Normandy and Anjou in France, into the Holy Roman Empire in the 11th century. The Normans introduced the design into England and Wales following their invasion in 1066. Motte-and-bailey castles were adopted in Scotland, Ireland, the Low Countries and Denmark in the 12th and 13th centuries. By the end of the 13th century, the design was largely superseded by alternative forms of fortification, but the earthworks remain a prominent feature in many countries.
context_section_description: Canmore has records for 46 motte-and-bailey castles in Scotland.
  Doune of Invernochty, Aberdeenshire
  Duffus Castle, Moray
  Hermitage Castle, Liddesdale
  Liddel Castle, Liddesdale
  Motte of Urr, Dumfries and Galloway
  Tibbers Castle, Dumfries and Galloway
caption: Motte at Ardwell, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland
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