page_title: Measuring instrument
section_title: Energy carried by entropy or thermal energy
hierarchical_section_title: Measuring instrument / Thermodynamics / Energy carried by entropy or thermal energy
context_page_description: A measuring instrument is a device for measuring a physical quantity. In the physical sciences, quality assurance, and engineering, measurement is the activity of obtaining and comparing physical quantities of real-world objects and events. Established standard objects and events are used as units, and the process of measurement gives a number relating the item under study and the referenced unit of measurement. Measuring instruments, and formal test methods which define the instrument's use, are the means by which these relations of numbers are obtained. All measuring instruments are subject to varying degrees of instrument error and measurement uncertainty.
  These instruments may range from simple objects such as rulers and stopwatches to electron microscopes and particle accelerators. Virtual instrumentation is widely used in the development of modern measuring instruments.
context_section_description: This includes thermal capacitance or temperature coefficient of energy, reaction energy, heat flow ...
  Calorimeters are called passive if gauged to measure emerging energy carried by entropy, for example from chemical reactions. Calorimeters are called active or heated if they heat the sample, or reformulated: if they are gauged to fill the sample with a defined amount of entropy.
  Actinometer measures the heating power of radiation.
  constant-temperature calorimeter, phase change calorimeter for example an ice calorimeter or any other calorimeter observing a phase change or using a gauged phase change for heat measurement.
  constant-volume calorimeter, also called bomb calorimeter
  constant-pressure calorimeter, enthalpy-meter or coffee cup calorimeter
  Differential Scanning Calorimeter
  Reaction calorimeter
  see also Calorimeter or Calorimetry
caption: An active calorimeter lacking a temperature measurement device.
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