page_title: Egypt–United Kingdom relations
section_title: British rule
hierarchical_section_title: Egypt–United Kingdom relations / History / British rule
caption_attribution_description: English: Winston Churchill visiting the his old regiment during the Cairo Conference, Egypt, wearing the uniform of a colonel of the 4th Queen's Own Hussars. He is accompanied by his daughter Sarah Churchill and Lieutenant General Stone. The regimental flag flies above.
context_page_description: Egypt–United Kingdom relations refers to the bilateral relationship between the Arab Republic of Egypt and Great Britain. Relations are longstanding. They involve politics, defence, trade and education, as well as issues regarding the Suez Canal.
context_section_description: The first period of British rule (1882–1914) was the "veiled protectorate". During this time the Khedivate of Egypt remained an autonomous province of the Ottoman Empire. In reality the British made all the decisions and thus had a de facto protectorate over the country. This state of affairs lasted until the Ottoman Empire joined the First World War on the side of the Central Powers in November 1914 and Britain unilaterally declared a protectorate over Egypt. The Ottomans thereby lost all connections.  The ruling khedive was deposed and his successor, Hussein Kamel, was compelled to declare himself Sultan of Egypt independent of the Ottomans in December 1914.
caption: Churchill visits his old regiment during the Cairo Conference, Egypt, December 1943
exif: {}