page_title: 21st Division (South Vietnam)
section_title: History
hierarchical_section_title: 21st Division (South Vietnam) / History
caption_attribution_description: English: Members of the ARVN 21st Division, run toward waiting helicopters.
context_page_description: The 21st Division of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam —the army of the nation state of South Vietnam that existed from 1959 to 1975, was part of the IV Corps that oversaw the southernmost region of South Vietnam, the Mekong Delta.
  The 21st Division was based in Chương Thiện Province, the southernmost province in the whole country, in an area dominated by jungles and swamps.
context_section_description: The 21st Infantry Division was formed in 1960 from the disbanded 11th and 13th Light Divisions and their personnel and equipment assigned to the new Division; the commander and staff of the 11th Light Division became the commanding general and headquarters elements of the new unit. The old headquarters of the 13th Light Division in Tây Ninh became the rear headquarters of the Division.
  The Division was responsible for the southwestern delta with an area of operations including Phong Dinh, Ba Xuyen, Bạc Lieu, An Xuyên and Chương Thiện Provinces and the southern half of Kiên Giang Province, including the province capital, Rạch Giá. Controlled by Military Region 3, four enemy regiments operated against the Division: the Viet Cong (VC) D1 Regiment in Phong Dinh and the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) D2, 95A Sapper and 18B Regiments in Chương Thiện.
  On 24 April 1962 the Division, supported by 16 Marine helicopters from HMM-362, conducted Operation Nightingale near Cần Thơ. 591 Division troops were landed to engage a VC force killing 70 and capturing 3, while losing 3 killed. 
  By the end of 1965 the US advisers to the Division regarded Division commander General Nguyễn Văn Minh highly, and they reported that the Division was "getting more aggressive" and had "a good potential not yet fully realized."
  By 1967 Brig. Gen. William Robertson Desobry, the US senior adviser in IV Corps, considered the Division under General Minh the best in the ARVN and the 9th Division not far behind. However the senior US officer there, Maj. Gen. George S. Eckhardt, had recommended his dismissal, noting that he was "very temperamental and has frequently requested relief when under stress or when at odds with [the] Corps commander." Minh's close friendship with President Nguyễn Văn Thiệu brought him command of the Capital Military District in 1968.
  On 5 March 1968 the Division together with Regional Forces killed 275 VC and captured 61 weapons north of Cà Mau Airfield.
  On 19 October 1969 the 32nd Regiment supported by helicopter gunships from the U.S. 164th Combat Aviation Group engaged a PAVN/VC force in the U Minh Forest 37 miles (60 km) south of Rạch Giá. At 11:00 another Division unit supported the fighting which continued until mid-afternoon when the PAVN/VC withdrew leaving 96 dead and 15 individual and six crew-served weapons and 145 Rocket-propelled grenades. An AH-1 Cobra was shot down during the battle.
  In January 1970 John Paul Vann at the request of Ambassador Ellsworth Bunker produced his own evaluations of IV Corps' commanders which differed markedly from the official judgments of MACV. Vann recommended all three division commanders and the special zone commander for relief, however only the 7th Division commander was replaced.
  During 1971 the Division focused on destruction of the PAVN/VC Base Area 483 in the U Minh Forest.
  On 7 April 1972 at the start of the Easter Offensive the Division was alerted for movement to III Corps to support units of that Corps fighting in the Battle of An Lộc. On 10 April the first elements of this division were already deployed to Lai Khê. On 12 April a relief force of the 32nd Regiment departed Lai Khê to reopen Route 13 to Chơn Thành Camp 30km south of An Lộc. After making slow progress, on 22 April the 32nd Regiment encountered a roadblock of the PAVN 101st Regiment 15km north of Lai Khê. From 24 April the Division engaged the PAVN in a two-pronged attack to clear the road with the 32nd Regiment attacking from the north and the 33rd Regiment attacking from the south. These attacks eventually forced the 101st Regiment to withdraw west on 27 April leaving one battalion to cover the withdrawal for a further 2 days. The 31st Regiment was then lifted by helicopters 6km north of Chơn Thành where it fought the PAVN 165th Regiment, 7th Division, later reinforced by the 209th Regiment, for the next 13 days. Eventually on 13 May with intensive air support the 31st Regiment overran the PAVN positions and extended ARVN control to 8km north of Chơn Thành. The 32nd Regiment then deployed into the Tau O area (11.51
caption: Division soldiers run toward waiting helicopters, 1970
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