page_title: Enterovirus 71
section_title: Virology
hierarchical_section_title: Enterovirus 71 / Virology
caption_attribution_description: English: Organisation of the enterovirus genome, polyprotein processing cascade and architecture of enterovirus capsid. The genome of enteroviruses contains one single open reading frame flanked by a 5′-and 3’ untranslated regions (UTR). A small viral protein, VPg, is covalently linked to the 5′ UTR. The 3’UTR encoded poly(A) tail. The translation of the genome results in a polyprotein which is cleaved into four structural proteins (dark gray) and seven non-structural proteins (light gray and yellow). The sites of cleavage by viral proteinases are indicated by arrows. The four structural proteins adopte an icosahedral symmetry with VP1, VP2 and VP3 located at the outer surface of the capsid and VP4 at the inner surface. The single strand genomic RNA is located inside the capsid.
context_page_description: Enterovirus 71, also known as Enterovirus A71, is a virus of the genus Enterovirus in the Picornaviridae family, notable for its role in causing epidemics of severe neurological disease and hand, foot, and mouth disease in children. It was first isolated and characterized from cases of neurological disease in California in 1969. Enterovirus 71 infrequently causes polio-like syndrome permanent paralysis.
context_section_description: The receptors for EV71 and CVA16 have been identified as P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 and scavenger receptor class B, member 2 (SCARB2); both are transmembrane proteins.
  The basic reproductive number (R0) for enterovirus 71 (EV71) was estimated to a median of 5.48 with an interquartile range of 4.20 to 6.51.
caption: Enterovirus genome, polyprotein processing cascade, and architecture of enterovirus capsid.
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