page_title: Disi Water Conveyance
section_title: Design
hierarchical_section_title: Disi Water Conveyance / Design
caption_attribution_description: A view of Amman, Jordan from the Citadel atop Jabal al-Qal'a Español: Vista sobre Ammán Français&#160;: Vue d'Amman depuis la citadelle Slovenčina: Pohľad na juh mesta z Jabal al-Qal'a
context_page_description: The Disi Water Conveyance Project is a water supply project in Jordan. It is designed to pump 100,000,000 cubic metres of water per year from the Disi aquifer, which lies beneath the desert in southern Jordan and northwestern Saudi Arabia. The water is piped to the capital, Amman, and other cities to meet increased demand. Construction began in 2009 and was mostly completed in July 2013 when the project was inaugurated by King Abdullah of Jordan. Its total cost was US$1.1 billion.
  An independent study revealed the water to be radioactive and potentially dangerous to drink, initially surrounding the project with controversy. Jordan's Ministry of Water and Irrigation has stated that the radioactivity is not a problem because the water is to be diluted with an equal amount of water from other sources, although it remains disputed if this would be enough to bring the water up to standards. The Ministry said the independent study was inaccurate, as it did not test water from any of the wells that will be used in the project.
context_section_description: The project proposed by the Jordanian government will pump 100,000,000 m³ (2.2×10¹⁰ imp gal) of water per year from 55 wells in the aquifer. However, a total of 64 wells will be drilled, the extra wells to be used as piezometers to measure the elevation of the water. Nine of the 55 water producing wells will be used in emergencies only.  The wells producing water will be drilled 600–700 m (2,000–2,300 ft) deep while the piezometers will be drilled to a depth of 400 m (1,300 ft). The plan is to pump the piezometer wells for 25 years, according to the project leader.
  After being pumped from the wells, water will then be transported to Amman, via a 325 km (202 mi)  pipeline, passing through a pumping station, then flowing by gravity and being pumped up again. The reservoirs near Amman are only 200 m (660 ft) higher than the surface area where the pumping field is located. Nevertheless, the total elevation differential over which water needs to be lifted by both pumping stations is about 800 metres (2,600 ft). To pump the water through the proposed pipeline will require 4 kilowatt-hours per cubic meter of water.  The entire project would require approximately 4 percent of Jordan's current electrical production. The project is expected to be completed by January 2017 and to run for 25 years or until the Two Seas Canal is built.
  The 100,000,000 m³ (2.2×10¹⁰ imp gal) of water will be divided between the Abu Alanda reservoir and the Dabouq reservoir.  Approximately 40,000,000 m³ (8.8×10⁹ imp gal) of water will be sent to the Abu Alanda reservoir where it will be diluted with water from the Zara Ma’en desalination plant as well as water from Wala.  The remaining 60,000,000 m³ (1.3×10¹⁰ imp gal) of water will be sent to the Dabouq reservoir where it will be diluted with water from the Zai Treatment Plant as well as water from Wala. It is estimated that the cost of one cubic meter of water from the project will be 0.74 JOD (US$1.05).
caption: The water will be used to meet growing demand from Jordan's capital, Amman.
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