page_title: 4-6-4
section_title: Japan
hierarchical_section_title: 4-6-4 / Usage / Japan
caption_attribution_description: Japanese Steam Locomotive C61 2
context_page_description: Under the Whyte notation for the classification of locomotives, 4-6-4 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels, six powered and coupled driving wheels and four trailing wheels. In France where the type was first used, it is known as the Baltic while it became known as the Hudson in most of North America.
context_section_description: Between 1947 and 1961, the Japanese National Railways built three classes of rather advanced American style 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) gauge Hudson tender locomotives.
  Between 1947 and 1949, 33 Class C61 locomotives were rebuilt from former Class D51 2-8-2 Mikado freight locomotives. The Class C61 was the first Japanese locomotive with the 4-6-4 Hudson wheel arrangement.
  In 1948 and 1949, 49 Class C62 locomotives were built with new 4-6-4 frames and using the boilers of Class D52 2-8-2 Mikado locomotives. These were the largest and fastest steam passenger locomotives to run in Japan.
  Between 1953 and 1961, 47 Class C60 locomotives were rebuilt from surplus Class C59 4-6-2 Pacific locomotives at the Hamamatsu and Kōriyama factories.
  The Class C60 and Class C61 were smaller locomotives than the Class C62, which filled the tight Japanese loading gauge. They were equipped with Boxpok driving wheels and used several American-style appliances, even though they had British-style smokebox doors.
caption: Japanese Class C61.2 at the Umekoji Museum
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