page_title: Prime editing
section_title: Prime editor 2
hierarchical_section_title: Prime editing / Development process / Prime editor 2
caption_attribution_description: English: PE3 system for prime editing
context_page_description: Prime editing is a ‘search-and-replace’ genome editing technology in molecular biology by which the genome of living organisms may be modified. The technology directly writes new genetic information into a targeted DNA site. It uses a fusion protein, consisting of a catalytically impaired Cas9 endonuclease fused to an engineered reverse transcriptase enzyme, and a prime editing guide RNA, capable of identifying the target site and providing the new genetic information to replace the target DNA nucleotides. It mediates targeted insertions, deletions, and base-to-base conversions without the need for double strand breaks or donor DNA templates.
  The technology is an early-stage, experimental genome editing method that has received mainstream press attention due to its potential uses in medical genetics. It utilizes similar methodologies to precursor genome editing technologies, including CRISPR/Cas9 and base editors. As of 2019, it remains a scientific proof of concept, with no therapeutic applications.
context_section_description: In order to enhance DNA-RNA affinity, enzyme processivity, and thermostability, five amino acid substitutions were incorporated into the M-MLV reverse transcriptase. The mutant M-MLV RT was then incorporated into PE1 to give rise to (Cas9 (H840A)-M-MLV RT(D200N/L603W/T330P/T306K/W313F)). Efficiency improvement was observed over PE1.
caption: PE3 system for prime editing
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