page_title: Old Botanical Garden, Zürich
section_title: Katz bulwark (Bollwerk zur Katz)
hierarchical_section_title: Old Botanical Garden, Zürich / Katz bulwark (Bollwerk zur Katz)
caption_attribution_description: Deutsch: Zürich, alter Botanischer Garten «zur Katz»&#160;: Blick über den Schanzengraben nach Norden auf das Bollwerk «zur Katz» mit dem Arboretum des Botanischen Gartens.English: Zürich&#160;: Botanical Garden «zur Katz» in the areal of the Völkerkundeseum (Museum of Ethnology), University of Zürich. Former fortification «zur Katz» and the botanical garden's arboretum, as seen to the north over the so called Schanzengraben moat
context_page_description: The Old Botanical Garden is a botanical garden and arboretum in the Swiss city of Zürich. The garden is, among the neighbored Schanzengraben moat and the Bauschänzli bastion, one of the last remains of the Baroque fortifications of Zürich, that was begun in 1642.
context_section_description: The Bollwerk zur Katz (German name) is besides the Bauschänzli river island the last remaining bulwark of the 17th-century city fortifications. The first structures of this bastion were built between 1648 and 1664, the final expansion took place from 1673 to 1675. The final construction stage of this centrally positioned military factory on Schanzengraben had also two casemates, two underground vaults for purposes of defense, and a cavalier on hilltop that was overlooking the area outside of the Schanzengraben moat. The cavalier was particularly a strong increased gun emplacement, which towered over the adjacent defense walls and thus enabled additional covering fire. Thanks to the altitude, a strong and large-scale defense was maintained by its powerful and therefore more far-reaching guns up to the present General-Guisan-Quai on lakeshore respectively the Sihlfeld area towards the Limmat Valley. As of 1661 originated there also, incidentally, the only access for larger carriages into the town, the so-called Sihlporte which is the name of the area west of the botanical garden at the present Schanzengraben moat. After discontinuation of defense purposes, from 1834 the upstream curtain walls were demolished, and in 1935 the hilltop bulwark was rebuilt to house the Gessner-Garten.
caption: Schanzengraben and Katz
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