page_title: Urzhin Garmaev
section_title: Emigration to Manchuria and World War II
hierarchical_section_title: Urzhin Garmaev / Biography / Emigration to Manchuria and World War II
caption_attribution_description: English: Manchukou generals Urzhin Garmaev (left), Jengjuurjab (right) and (presumably) Mijiddorjiin Balbar (standing)
context_page_description: Urzhin Garmaev - was a White Army officer, lieutenant general of the Japanese controlled Manchukuo Imperial Army, headmaster of the Xing'an Military School.
context_section_description: In 1920, the Bolsheviks reestablished control over Eastern Siberia. Urzhin Garmaev with his family and subordinates fled to Manchuria, and settled in what is present-day Evenk Autonomous Banner some 30 km south of Hailar. Here he maintained contacts with opponents of the Soviet regime and cooperated with Japanese intelligence. At the same time, he propagated the idea of creation of a unified Pan-Mongolian state.
  In 1931, Japan attacked China and occupied Manchuria and created the puppet-state of Manchukuo. The Japanese offered Garmaev to recruit Buryat-Mongolian troops. He agreed and the Manchukuo War Department appointed him as a  Commander of Northern Xing'an Security Forces (興安北省警備軍司令官) with a rank of major general. His troops were guarding the border with the Soviet Union and the Mongolian People's Republic.
  When in January 1935 the Khalkhyn Temple border incident, Urjin with his troops was dispatched to the site. When the Manzhouli meeting to solve the border issue was subsequently held, Urjin also participated as a deputy of the Manchukuo delegation. In April 1936, the chief deputy of the Manchukuo delegation Ling Sheng (凌陞) was tried and executed for treason by Kempeitai. As a deputy during the conference, Urjin Garmaev also became a suspect, however, after a 5-minute interrogation by Manchukuo top-adviser Sasaki Toichi he was cleared of all charges and released. During the second conference on the border conflict issue, Urjin Garmaev became the chief Manchukuo representative.
  Urzhin Garmaev with his Northern Xing'an Security Forces of the 10th Military District also participated in the Nomonhan Incident, placed on the right flank of the Japanese 23d Division. For his bravery in the battle, he was awarded a prize of ten thousand yen.
  In 1940, Garmaev was appointed commander of the 10th Army Military District of Manchukuo, and promoted to lieutenant general. His forces actively engage in preparation for war with the Soviet Union and struggle with Soviet and Mongolian intelligence officers at the border.
  In December 1944, Garmaev was dismissed from his post as commander of the Military District due to the fact that he did not have the academic military education. In early 1945, Garmaev took office as the head of Xing'an Military School (陸軍興安学校) in the city of Wangyehmiao.
  On 9 August the Soviet Union declared war on Japan and the Red Army  destroyed the Manchukuo Imperial Army and Japanese Kwantung Army in a short time during the Manchurian Strategic Offensive Operation.
caption: Manchukou generals Urzhin Garmaev (left) and Ganzhuurzhav (right)
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