page_title: Monument of Liberty, Istanbul
section_title: Burials
hierarchical_section_title: Monument of Liberty, Istanbul / Burials
caption_attribution_description: English: Grave of Talaat Pasha (1874-1921) in Istanbul Abide-i Hurriyet Cemetry Türkçe: Talat Paşa'nın İstanbul'da Şişli Abide-i Hürriyet Anıtı'ndaki mezarı
context_page_description: The Monument of Liberty or Monument of Eternal Liberty, located in the Şişli district of Istanbul, Turkey, is a memorial in honor of the soldiers killed defending the Ottoman parliament against reactionary monarchist forces during the 1909 countercoup, most notably in the 31 March Incident.
  The Tanzimat reforms, which began in 1839, along with other subsequent liberalization processes, were strongly opposed by conservatives in the Ottoman Empire. They hoped to re-affirm the monarchic powers of the Sultan Abdulhamid II as absolute monarch, even though the Sultan himself came to power accepting a Constitution and opening the first Ottoman parliament, the General Assembly of the Ottoman Empire, in 1876 during the First Constitutional Era. Parliament was adjourned in 1878 with the pretext of the Russian War and Abdulhamid II reigned as an absolute monarch for over 30 years until 1908, when Parliament resumed its activities in the Second Constitutional Era, upon pressure of the progressive forces in the Empire. However, a reactionary uprising that began on April 13, 1909 caused the democratic process to be interrupted once again.
context_section_description: At the monument, the 74 soldiers killed in action of the 31 March Incident were initially buried with a state ceremony on July 23, 1911.
  Remains of the below four high-ranking officials of the Ottoman Empire were buried here later on as well:
  Midhat Pasha, a leading architect of the first Ottoman constitution and Grand Vizier, died in exile in Taif, Arabia.
  Mahmud Shevket Pasha, commander of the Army of Action (Hareket Ordusu ), which put down the countercoup, and later Grand Vizier, assassinated in 1913.
  Talaat Pasha, former Minister of Interior and Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire assassinated by Soghomon Tehlirian in 1921, whose remains were brought in 1943 from Berlin, Germany.
  Enver Pasha, Minister of War and deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Ottoman armed forces during the First World War, killed in action in Russian Turkestan, whose remains were brought 1996 from Ab-i Derya, today Tajikistan
caption: Tomb of Mehmed Talat Pasha
exif: {"Image ImageDescription": "", "Image Make": "SONY", "Image Model": "DSC-H55", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Microsoft Windows Photo Viewer 6.1.7600.16385", "Image DateTime": "2011:07:09 15:44:36", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image ExifOffset": "2358", "Image PrintIM": "[80, 114, 105, 110, 116, 73, 77, 0, 48, 51, 48, 48, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0]", "Image Padding": "[]", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail Make": "SONY", "Thumbnail Model": "DSC-H55", "Thumbnail Orientation": "Rotated 90 CW", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail DateTime": "2011:07:04 17:27:46", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "15126", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "4631", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/250", "EXIF FNumber": "7/2", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Normal", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "80", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0221", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2011:07:04 17:27:46", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2011:07:04 17:27:46", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "4", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "29/8", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "17/4", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "480", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "640", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "14888", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF Contrast": "Normal", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal", "EXIF Padding": "[]", "EXIF OffsetSchema": "4186"}