page_title: Politics of Bangladesh
section_title: Political parties and elections
hierarchical_section_title: Politics of Bangladesh / Political parties and elections
caption_attribution_description: English: National Assembly of Bangladesh বাংলা: বাংলাদেশের জাতীয় সংসদ
context_page_description: Politics of Bangladesh takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby the Prime Minister of Bangladesh is the head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and parliament. The Constitution of Bangladesh was written in 1972 and has undergone sixteen amendments.
  The current parliamentary system was adopted in 1991. Between 1975 and 1990 the nation experienced military rule. A caretaker government was first introduced in 1990 after the resignation of military dictator Lieutenant General HM Ershad to observe a neutral democratic election, as per demands of the two major political parties Bangladesh Nationalist Party and Bangladesh Awami League. Following the forced resignation of HM Ershad, Chief Justice Shahabuddin Ahmed was nominated as the Chief Advisor and observed the 1991 general election. A Caretaker government is headed by a Chief Adviser who enjoys the same power as the regular prime minister of the country except defense matters. The Advisors function as Ministers.
context_section_description: The three major parties in Bangladesh are the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) and Bangladesh Awami League and Jatiya Party. BNP finds its allies among some Islamist parties like Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh while the Awami League aligns itself traditionally with leftist and secularist parties such as Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal. Another important player is the Jatiya Party, headed by former military ruler Hossain Mohammad Ershad and his wife Rowshan Ershad. The Awami League-BNP rivalry has been bitter and punctuated by protests, violence and murder. Student politics is particularly strong in Bangladesh, a legacy from the liberation movement era. Almost all parties have highly active student wings, and students have been elected to the Parliament.
  Three radical Islamist parties, Jagrata Muslim Janata Bangladesh (JMJB) and Jama'atul Mujahideen Bangladesh (JMB), Harkatul Jihad were banned in February 2005 on grounds of militancy and terrorism. Following the first series of bans, a series of bomb attacks took place in the country in August 2005. The evidence of staging these attacks by these extremist groups have been found in the investigation, and hundreds of suspected members were detained in numerous security operations in 2006, including the two chiefs of the JMB, Shaykh Abdur Rahman and Bangla Bhai, who were executed with other top leaders in March 2007, bringing the radical parties to an end.
caption: Parliament of Bangladesh (2019)
exif: {"Image ImageDescription": "Jpeg", "Image Make": "ASUS", "Image Model": "T00J", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Snapseed 2.0", "Image DateTime": "2019:04:08 10:10:30", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Centered", "Image ExifOffset": "222", "GPS GPSVersionID": "[2, 2, 0, 0]", "GPS GPSTimeStamp": "[11, 49, 20]", "GPS GPSDate": "2015:06:08", "Image GPSInfo": "741", "EXIF ExposureTime": "21/10000", "EXIF FNumber": "2", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Normal", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "50", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0220", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2015:06:08 17:49:21", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2015:06:08 17:49:21", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "145429/16384", "EXIF ApertureValue": "2", "EXIF BrightnessValue": "0/0", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "2", "EXIF SubjectDistance": "0", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Spot", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire", "EXIF FocalLength": "269/100", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "3175", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1788", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "121/100", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF GainControl": "None", "EXIF Contrast": "Normal", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal"}