윌리암 퍼킨스 윌리암 퍼킨스 (William Perkins, 1558-1602)는 영국의 영향력있는 성직자이며 캠브리지 신학자였다. 캠브리지 대학교에서 B.A. 와 M.A. 학위를 받았다. 엘리자베스 통치기간에 영국 교회안에서 청교도 운동의 유명한 지도자가운데 한명이었다. 장 칼뱅과 테오도르 드 베즈의 타락전 선택설의 지지자 였다. 다섯 솔라의 변호자였다. 윌리엄 퍼킨스 퍼킨스는 이중 예정론지지자였다. 베자의 사상을 영국에 소개한 인물이었다. 개혁주의 구원론과 이중 예정론이 중심인 은혜 언약의 개혁주의 개념을 큰 위로가 되는 교리로 보았다. 개혁주의 구원론을 채택한 그는 오직 예수와 오직 성경 만으로 교리가 그의 성경적 설교의 2가지 근본적인 초석이었다." 그는 문자적 해석을 하였으며, 믿음의 규칙을 응용한 것이다. 그럼에도 불구하고 그는 문맥이 요구할때는 비유적 유추적 언어를 위한 여백을 남겼다. 퍼킨스가 현대 기독교인들에게 잘 알려지지 않았지만, 엘리자베스 교회에서는 높이 존경받는 인물이었다. 퍼컨스의 이중 예정론은 야곱 아르미누스와 예정론을 반대하는 네덜란드의 목사들에게 비판의 대상이었다. 그의 가장 큰 영향은 미국의 청교도의 철학자이자 신학자 조나단 에드워즈이다. 퍼킨스의 해석학은 후대에 많이 모방되었다. Defensio pro Alexandro Discono (1584) A Warning against the Idolatrie of the Last Times (1584) Foure Great Lyers, Striuing Who Shall Win the Siluer Whetstone Also, A Resolution to the Count (1585) A Treatise Tending Vnto a Declaration Whether a Man be in the Estate of Damnation or in the Estate of Grace And If he be in the First, How he may in Time Come out of it if in the second, how he maie discerne it, and perseuere in the same to the end. The points that are handled are set downe in the page following (1590) Armilla aurea, id est, Miranda series causarum et salutis & damnationis iuxta verbum Dei Eius synopsin continet annexa tabula (1590) A golden chaine, or the description of theologie containing the order of the causes of saluation and damnation, according to Gods woord. A view of the order wherof, is to be seene in the table annexed (1591) The foundation of Christian religion gathered into sixe principles. And it is to bee learned of ignorant people, that they may be fit to hear sermons with profit, and to receiue the Lords Supper with comfort (1591) Prophetica, sive, De sacra et vnica ratione concionandi tractatus (1592) A case of conscience the greatest that euer was; how a man may know whether he be the child of God or no. Resolued by the word of God. Whereunto is added a briefe discourse, taken out of Hier. Zanchius (1592) An exposition of the Lords prayer in the way of catechising seruing for ignorant people (1592) Tvvo treatises· I. Of the nature and practise of repentance. II. Of the combat of the flesh and spirit (1593) An exposition of the Lords praier in the way of catechisme (1593) A direction for the government of the tongue according to Gods word (1593) An exposition of the Symbole or Creed of the Apostles according to the tenour of the Scriptures, and the consent of orthodoxe Fathers of the Church (1595) A salve for a sicke man, or, A treatise containing the nature, differences, and kindes of death as also the right manner of dying well. And it may serue for spirituall instruction to 1. Mariners when they goe to sea. 2. Souldiers when they goe to battell. 3. Women when they trauell of child (1595) A declaration of the true manner of knowing Christ crucified (1596) A reformed Catholike, or, A declaration shewing how neere we may come to the present Church of Rome in sundrie points of religion, and wherein we must for euer depart from them with an advertisement to all fauourers of the Romane religion, shewing that the said religion is against the Catholike principles and grounds of the catechisme (1597) De praedestinationis modo et ordine et de amplitudine gratiae diuinae Christiana & perspicua disceptatio (1598) Specimen digesti, sive Harmoniæ bibliorum Veteris et Novi Testamneti (1598) A warning against the idolatrie of the last times And an instruction touching religious, or diuine worship (1601) The true gaine more in worth then all the goods in the world (1601) How to liue, and that well in all estates and times, specially when helps and comforts faile (1601) 사후 작품들 The works of that famous and worthie minister of Christ, in the Universitie of Cambridge, M.W. Perkins gathered into one volume, and newly corrected according to his owne copies. With distinct chapters, and contents of euery book, and a generall table of the whole (1603) The reformation of couetousnesse Written vpon the 6. chapter of Mathew, from the 19. verse to the ende of the said chapter (1603) A commentarie or exposition, vpon the fiue first chapters of the Epistle to the Galatians penned by the godly, learned, and iudiciall diuine (1604) Lectures vpon the three first chapters of the Reuelation preached in Cambridge anno Dom. 1595 (1604) Gvilielmi Perkinsi Problema de Romanæ fidei ementito Catholicismo. Estque Antidotum contra Thesaurum Catholicum Iodoci Coccij. Et propaideia iuventutis in lectione omnium patrum (1604) The first part of The cases of conscience Wherein specially, three maine questions concerning man, simply considered in himselfe, are propounded and resolued, according to the word of God (1604) Satans sophistrie ansuuered by our Sauiour Christ and in diuers sermons further manifested (1604) Hepieíkeia or, a treatise of Christian equitie and moderation (1604) M. Perkins, his Exhortation to repentance, out of Zephaniah preached in 2. sermons in Sturbridge Faire. Together with two treatises of the duties and dignitie of the ministrie deliuered publiquely in the Vniuersitie of Cambridge. With a preface præfixed touching the publishing of all such workes of his as are to be expected with a catalogue of all the perticulers sic of them, diligently perused and published, by a preacher of the word (1605) Works newly corrected according to his owne copies (1605) Of the calling of the ministerie two treatises, describing the duties and dignities of that calling (1605) The combat betweene Christ and the diuell displayed, or A commentarie upon the temptations of Christ (1606) A godlie and learned exposition vpon the whole epistle of Ivde... (1606) A Christian and plaine treatise of the manner and order of predestination and of the largenes of Gods grace (1606) The arte of prophecying, or, A treatise concerning the sacred and onely true manner and methode of preaching (1607) A cloud of faithfull witnesses, leading to the heauenly Canaan, or, A commentarie vpon the 11 chapter to the Hebrewes (1607) A treatise of mans imaginations Shewing his naturall euill thoughts His want of good thoughts The way to reforme them (1607) A discourse of the damned art of witchcraft so farre forth as it is revealed in the Scriptures and manifest by true experience ... (1608) The vvhole treatise of the cases of conscience distinguished into three bookes (1608) Christian oeconomie or, A short survey of the right manner of erecting and ordering a familie according to the scriptures (1609) A graine of musterd-seede or, the least measure of grace that is or can be effectuall to saluation (1611) A resolution to the countryman prooving it utterly unlawfull to buy or use our yeerely prognostications (1618) Deaths knell or, The sicke mans passing-bell summoning all sicke consciences to prepare themselues for the coming of the great day of doome, lest mercies gate be shut against them fit for all those that desire to arriue at the heauenly Ierusalem. Whereunto are added prayers fit for housholders. The ninth edition. (1628) The works of William Perkins , ed. Ian Breward (1970) Arminius, Jacobus (1602), Concerning the Order and Mode of Predestination and the Amplitude of Divine Grace by Rev. 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