cyrilzakka/clinical-trials huggingface dataset:
Imputation of Arterial Oxygen Partial Pressures Using Pulse Oximetry

This study aims to validate existing PaO₂ prediction equations (Rice, Pandharipande, Gadrey, Hill, Severinghaus-Ellis) by comparing predicted PaO₂ values with measured values. If these equations are found to be invalid, new PaO₂ prediction formulas will be derived and validated for accuracy and performance.

The included blood samples are arterial blood sample collected for ABGs analysis through either an arterial catheter or an arterial blood puncture in adult patients (Age \>18 years) undergoing general anesthesia regardless of the acuity of the surgery (elective, emergency, or lifesaving), the hemodynamic stability of the patient, or the comorbidities. Patients undergoing cardiac or thoracic surgeries will be excluded.

The partial pressure of oxygen in the arterial blood (PaO2) / the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) ratio has been commonly used as an indicator of adequate oxygenation and in the diagnosis and severity of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) which requires arterial blood gas (ABGs) analysis. Another way to measure oxygenation is by using the noninvasive pulse oximetry to measure the oxygen saturation (SpO2). Three formulas have been derived and validated in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting to estimate the PaO2 from the SpO2. However, the relationship of PaO2 and SpO2 and these derivation equations are not validated in the setting of general anesthesia in the operating theatre (OT) in which patients are prone to multiple intraoperative and postoperative pulmonary complications.

The aim is to validate existing PaO₂ prediction equations (Rice, Pandharipande, Gadrey, Hill, Severinghaus-Ellis) by comparing predicted PaO₂ values with measured values. If these equations are found to be invalid, new PaO₂ prediction formulas will be derived and validated for accuracy and performance.

This is a prospective cohort study that will be conducted at the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC) in the OT under the Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine. The data will be collected by the investigators of the study. These include the PaO2 (in mmHg), FiO2, SpO2 (in %), and Mean airway pressure (in cmH2O) at the time of sample collection, in addition to patient characteristics as age, gender, weight, height, BMI, smoking status, surgery type, surgery acuity, and present comorbidities specifically cardiac and respiratory comorbidities.

Validating the use of one of the formulas to derive PaO2 from SpO2 in the OT would help anesthesiologists detect derangements in patients' oxygenation earlier and decrease the need for ABGs analysis and its possible complications.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Age \>18 years
* Undergoing general anesthesia

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients undergoing cardiac or thoracic surgeries will be excluded.
Effect of SPGB on ICP and Oxygenation of Cerebral Venous Outflow in Craniotomy for Cerebral Tumors.

This study aims to investigate the effect of Sphenopalatine Ganglion Block on ICP and arterio- jugular venous oxygen difference (AJVDO2) and jugular bulb oxygen saturation (SjVO2). Throughout this study, the efficacy of Sphenopalatine Ganglion Block as scalp block in craniotomy operation will be assessed, and the effect of SPGB on cerebral hemostasis during craniotomy will be evaluated by monitoring of both ICP, AJVDO2 and SjVO2.

This study was performed in the Neurosurgical operating room and included 52 patients allocated into two groups: the treatment group (block group) and the control group (non-block group). 26 patients enrolled in block group and 26 patients in non-block group.

Intraoperative ICP monitoring by subdural ICP monitors will be done every 20 minutes in both block and non- block groups until craniotomy has been occurred, then at the time of closure of the dura . Arterio- jugular venous oxygen difference and Jugular venous bulb oxygen saturation changes will be recorded every 20 minutes in block and non- block groups throughout time of the surgery till closure of the dura.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients who prepared for a neurosurgical intervention for elective supratentorial tumor removal
* ASA 1 and 2
* Age above 18 years and below 65 years
* Fully conscious patients.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with cardiovascular and respiratory diseases
* Pregnancy
* Patient refusal
Finasteride, Dutasteride and Insulin Action

The purpose of this study is to see if an enzyme in the body (5-alpha reductase, 5αR) is important in controlling how the body handles sugar and fat. The investigators believe that 5αR is a crucial step in regulating these actions as well as controlling how insulin works in the body but regulating the amount of steroid hormones including cortisol and testosterone in the body. In previous clinical studies, the investigators have shown that the activity of 5αR increases as you gain weight and decreases with weight loss. In addition, work that the investigators have performed in the laboratory has shown that if you increase 5αR levels in liver cell grown in the laboratory, the amount of fat that they contain increases. The investigators would therefore like to demonstrate the effect of inhibition 5αR on the regulation of insulin, glucose and fat in the body.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Male sex
* Age 18-65years
* BMI 20-35kg/m2
* BMI \>35kg/m2

Exclusion Criteria:

* Diabetes Mellitus
* Glucocorticoid use within the last 6 months
* Uncontrolled hypertension (BP\>160/100mmHg)
* Drugs know to impact upon glucocorticoid metabolism
Rose Bengal Electromagnetic Activation With Green Light for Infection Reduction

Rose Bengal Electromagnetic Activation with Green light for Infection Reduction (REAGIR ) is an international, randomized, doubled masked, clinical trial. The purpose of this study is to determine differences in 6-month visual acuity between medical antimicrobial treatments alone versus antimicrobial treatment plus cross-linking with rose Bengal (RB-PDT).

Patients presenting to one of the Aravind Eye Hospitals in India or to the Federal University of São Paulo ophthalmology clinic in Brazil with either smear or culture positive fungal or acanthamoeba keratitis or smear and culture negative corneal ulcers and moderate to severe vision loss, defined as Snellen visual acuity of 20/40 or worse, will be eligible for inclusion. Those who agree to participate will be randomized to one of two treatment groups:

Group 4, Sham RB-PDT: topical chlorhexidine gluconate 0.02% (acanthamoeba), moxifloxacin 0.5% (smear/culture negative) or natamycin 5% (fungal keratitis) plus sham RB-PDT

Group 5, RB-PDT: topical chlorhexidine gluconate 0.02% (acanthamoeba), moxifloxacin 0.5% (smear/culture negative) or natamycin 5% (fungal keratitis) plus RB-PDT.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Presence of smear or culture positive fungal or acanthamoeba ulcer; smear or culture negative ulcer; or any atypical bacteria (such as Nocardia)
* Moderate to severe vision loss, defined as Snellen visual acuity of 20/40 (6/12) or worse
* Corneal thickness ≥350 µm, as measured on AS-OCT
* Age over 18 years
* Basic understanding of the study as determined by the physician
* Commitment to return for follow up visits

Exclusion Criteria:

* Evidence of concomitant infection on exam, gram stain, or confocal microscopy (i.e. herpes, both bacteria and acanthamoeba on gram stain)
* Impending or frank perforation at recruitment
* Involvement of sclera at presentation
* Non-infectious or autoimmune keratitis
* History of corneal transplantation
* History of intraocular surgery within last three months
* Pinhole visual acuity worse than 20/200 in the unaffected eye
* Participants who are decisionally and/or cognitively impaired
* Presence of demestocele at recruitment
Anecortave Acetate for Treatment of Steroid Induced Intraocular Pressure (IOP) Elevation

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of anecortave acetate depot when administered for the treatment of elevated IOP following treatment with steroids.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Either gender
* 18 years of age or older
* IOP elevation caused by steroid usage
* Other protocol-defined inclusion criteria may apply

Exclusion Criteria:

* Under 18 years of age
* Other protocol-defined exclusion criteria may apply
Evaluation of Drug Interactions of Saxagliptin With Sildenafil in Healthy Volunteers

Patients with diabetes are three times more likely to develop erectile dysfunction (ED), and longer duration of diabetes is strongly associated with ED. The possibility of pharmacokinetic interactions may occur as the two drugs are metabolized by hepatic CYP3A4 and their co administration may affect their plasma concentrations. the aim of work is to investigate the effect of sildenafil a CYP3A4 substrate and inhibitor on the pharmacokinetics and safety of Saxagliptin, a CYP3A4 substrate Subjects and Methods: Eighteen healthy volunteers will be recruited in Sequential, single center study to determine pharmacokinetic parameters of Saxagliptin, and sildenafil,(AUC0→∞), (AUC0→t); Cmax; tmax; t½, k; ka) will be measured using validated LC-MS/MS method. Therapeutic doses will be given to volunteers as follows: Sildenafil 50 mg single dose on day 1, then washout period from day 2 till day 8. Saxagliptin 5 mg once/day will be given from day 9 till day 12, then on day 13 the two drugs will be co-administered. Blood samples (5ml) for pharmacokinetic analysis will be collected on days 1 and 13 for Sildenafil as well as on days 12 and 13 for Saxagliptin.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age 18-45 years.
2. Ideal weight within the normal range according to accepted life tables.
3. Non-contributory history and normal physiological examination.
4. Laboratory data within normal limits.
5. Performance and compliance.
6. The subjects should be without known history of alcohol or drug abuse problems and should preferably be non-smokers.
7. The volunteers will be asked to provide a complete medical history, and complete a physical examination, laboratory tests (hematology, clinical chemistry, urinalysis serology (including hepatitis B surface antigen, anti-hepatitis C virus and antihuman immunodeficiency virus antibody).

Exclusion Criteria:

1. A known hypersensitivity to the drug.
2. Gastrointestinal diseases.
3. Auto immune diseases.
4. Renal diseases or dysfunction.
5. Cardiovascular disease of any type.
6. Pancreatic disease including diabetes.
7. Hepatic disease.
8. Hematological, osteopathic, or pulmonary disease.
9. History of alcoholism or drug abuse.
10. Serious Psychological illness.
11. Positive HIV-I.
12. Smoking (if including they should be identified).
13. Abnormal (out of range) laboratory values.
14. Subject who have taken any medication (Rx or OTC) less than two weeks of the trials starting date.
15. Subject who have donated blood or who have been in multiple dosing studies requiring a large volume of blood (more than 500 ml) to be drawn within six weeks preceding the start of the trials.
16. Any prior surgery of the gastrointestinal tract that may interfere with drug absorption.
17. Treatment with any known enzyme-inducing / inhibiting agents within 30 days prior to the start of the study and throughout the study.
Pectus ESC Outcomes and Comparative Effectiveness Study

Investigators hypothesize that Erector spinae catheter pain management protocol would allow patients to have earlier and more effective rehabilitation with decreased length of hospital stay. The aims are to compare LOS between the two groups (epidural and ES groups). Secondary aims are to compare recovery outcomes (mobilization time), time required to do the blocks, pain scores and opioid use during hospitalization and on follow up after discharge until Pain clinic visit, side effects, family satisfaction and readmissions among the two groups. In addition, in-hospital and post-discharge outcomes in subjects who received ESP protocol will be studied.

Retrospective study - Electronic medical records of consecutive patients who underwent pectus surgery between January and December of 2019 (epidural protocol) and those who underwent same procedure between June 2020 to May 2021, will be evaluated. Covariates and outcomes described in sections below will be recorded from EMR. The data included records from flowsheets, pain team notes based on follow up questionnaires administered by phone after discharge until after ESP catheters were removed, as well as pain clinic notes.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Age\>8 years
* Diagnosis of pectus excavatum who underwent Nuss procedure
* Pain regimen included either epidural catheter or ES catheters

Exclusion Criteria:

* Developmental delay
* prior pectus repair
* concomitant procedures
Geriatric Trauma Care Program for Living Alone Older Adults With Injuries

To examine the long-term effects of the Geriatric Trauma Care Program (GTCP) regarding pain, functional disability, depression, loneliness, and health-related quality of life among older adults with traumatic injuries who live alone.

Traumatic injuries among older adults represent a significant public health concern due to their potential to severely affect individuals' long-term physical, emotional, and social well-being. Older adults who experience traumatic injuries often face substantial challenges during recovery, particularly those living alone who may lack sufficient support systems, exacerbating their vulnerability to chronic health issues. Pain, functional disability, depression, loneliness, and diminished health-related quality of life are prevalent adverse outcomes following traumatic injuries, underscoring the critical need for effective, targeted care strategies to address these multidimensional impacts.

The Geriatric Trauma Care Program (GTCP) is a nurse practitioner-led, digitalized trauma care program designed to provide comprehensive and accessible intervention aimed at improving immediate trauma care outcomes and facilitating sustainable recovery among older adults. While short-term benefits of digitally supported, geriatric-focused trauma interventions have been documented, the long-term effectiveness of such programs, especially for older individuals who live alone, remains less understood. Consequently, examining the enduring impact of the GTCP is essential to determine its effectiveness in fostering sustained recovery and improving quality of life for this vulnerable population. This study aims to address this gap by evaluating the long-term effects of the GTCP on pain, functional disability, depression, loneliness, and health-related quality of life among older adults with traumatic injuries who live alone. Findings from this research will provide valuable insights for healthcare providers and policymakers to enhance care delivery models, optimize resource allocation, and ultimately improve long-term outcomes for older adults recovering from traumatic injuries.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. willing to join this study for three months
2. with limb injuries
3. living alone in a household
4. aged 65 years old or older
5. independent before a traumatic injury
6. having a smartphone.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. with an ISS greater than 16 (severe injuries)
2. having cognitive impairments
3. diagnosed with psychiatric illness
A Dose-response Study Examining the Contribution of GLP-1 Receptor Signaling to Glucagon-stimulated Insulin Secretion

The GLP-1 receptor (GLP1R) gene is found on the beta cells of the pancreas. Its role is in the control of blood sugar level by enhancing insulin secretion from the pancreas after eating a meal. The purpose of this research study is to evaluate the role of GLP1R in the response to elevated glucagon concentrations.

Glucagon within the islet can signal the β-cell through GLP1R, and acts as an insulin secretagogue. This signaling is blocked by exendin-9,39. The relative importance of glucagon signaling through its cognate receptor or through GLP1R is unknown. Despite the lower affinity of GLP1R for glucagon, intra-islet concentrations of glucagon are sufficiently high to stimulate GLP1R. The other situation where this may occur is in response to pharmacologic doses of glucagon as used for β-cell function testing or raising peripheral glucagon concentrations above fasting values. The experiments proposed will characterize the role of GLP1R in glucagon's actions on the β-cell and the potential therapeutic role of dual (GLP-1R and glucagon receptor) agonists for the treatment of T2DM and obesity.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* 20 weight-stable, non-diabetic subjects

Exclusion Criteria:

* Age \< 25 or \> 65 years (to avoid studying subjects who could have latent type 1 diabetes, or the effects of age extremes in subjects with normal or impaired fasting glucose).
* HbA1c ≥5.9%
* Use of glucose-lowering agents.
* For female subjects: positive pregnancy test at the time of enrollment or study
* History of prior upper abdominal surgery such as adjustable gastric banding, pyloroplasty and vagotomy.
* Active systemic illness or malignancy.
* Symptomatic macrovascular or microvascular disease.
Study With CY, Pembrolizumab, GVAX Pancreas Vaccine, and SBRT in Patients With Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer

This study will be looking at whether combining cyclophosphamide, pembrolizumab (an antibody that blocks negative signals to T cells), GVAX (pancreatic cancer vaccine), and SBRT (focused radiation) is effective (anti-tumor activity) and safe in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma
2. Patients must have received mFOLFIRINOX or Gemcitabine/ Abraxane based chemotherapy for 4 cycles with last dose of therapy between 2-5 weeks of study enrollment.
3. Age \>18 years
4. No metastatic disease
5. ECOG Performance Status of 0 to 1
6. Adequate organ function as defined by study-specified laboratory tests
7. Patients must be able to have fiducials placed for SBRT
8. Must use acceptable form of birth control through the study
9. Signed informed consent form
10. Willing and able to comply with study procedures

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients who have been off of mFOLFIRINOX or gemcitabine/abraxane therapy for more than 49 days
2. Patients who have had more than one line of chemotherapy
3. Patients with uncontrolled intercurrent illness, including but not limited to ongoing or active infection, systematic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia or psychiatric condition that would limit compliance with study requirements
4. Patient who have had prior treatment with IL-2, interferon, anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, anti-PD-L2, anti-CD137, anti-OX-40, anti-CD40, or anti-CTLA-4 antibodies
5. Patients receiving active immunosuppressive agents or chronic use of systemic corticosteroids within 14 days prior to first dose of study drug
6. Patients who have received growth factors, including but not limited to granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), erythropoietin, etc. within 14 days of study drug administration
7. Patients with history of any autoimmune disease:inflammatory bowel disease, (including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's Disease), rheumatoid arthritis, systemic progressive sclerosis (scleroderma), systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) autoimmune vasculitis, CNS or motor neuropathy considered to be of autoimmune origin.
8. Patients who have known history of infection with HIV, hepatitis B, or hepatitis C
9. Patients with evidence of interstitial lung disease
10. Patients on home oxygen
11. Patients with oxygen saturation of \<92% on room air by pulse oximetry
12. Pregnant or lactating
13. Conditions, including alcohol or drug dependence, or intercurrent illness that would affect the patient's ability to comply with study visits and procedures
Evaluating the Efficacy of PECS II Block Versus Axillary Ring Block in Rotator Cuff Repair Patients

Our current standard of care is to perform an interscalene peripheral nerve block for patients receiving rotator cuff repair surgery as it is an effective opioid-free alternative for post-operative pain control. However, many of these repairs require a supplemental incision for an open biceps tenodesis, which is not covered by the interscalene block. The intercostobrachial nerve covers this incision and is targeted by an axillary ring block or a single shot nerve block in the fascial plane between the pectoralis minor and serratus anterior muscles (otherwise termed as a PECS II block). This study will attempt to delineate if one is superior in postoperative analgesia and mitigating intraoperative stimulation by comparing an axillary ring block to a PECS II block. Patients receiving a rotator cuff repair with biceps tenodesis without histories of chronic opioid use and respiratory compromise will be eligible to be enrolled in the study. All patients will receive an interscalene block and group 1 will receive a supplemental axillary ring block and group 2 will instead receive a PECS II block. After surgery, the patients' pain score will be assessed upon PACU arrival, at 6 hours after block, and 2 weeks postoperatively. Their opioid requirements will also be assessed. Our primary outcome is pain score at 6 hours following the block.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* medically optimized patients who will undergo an elective surgery for an arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with open biceps tenodesis

Exclusion Criteria:

* women who are pregnant or breastfeeding, history of chronic opioid use, respiratory compromise, smokers, or allergy to local anesthetics or opioids.
A Registry Study of Biomarkers in Ischemic Heart Disease ( BIOMS-IHD )

The registry study aims to discover biomarkers for accurate classification and risk assessment of ischemic heart disease.

The purpose of this study is to discover biomarkers for early identification, diagnosis, molecular classification, and intervention based on the mechanism of ischemic heart disease（IHD）. Using mass spectrometry-based metabolomics and multimodal imaging technology, the study aims to further construct a new system for early risk stratification of IHD based on abnormal metabolites.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion criteria :

* Aged 18 years or older.
* Previous ischemic symptoms/signs or electrocardiographic ischemic changes and.
* \>70% stenosis of at least one epicardial coronary artery on angiography or a history of myocardial infarction or coronary revascularization.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Current known inability to follow instructions or comply with follow-up procedures.
* Eligible patients without informed consent form
Primary Liver Cancer Cohort of South China

This longitudinal observational cohort study was designed to investigate factors that influencing the occurrence and long-term survival of patients with primary liver cancer. Basic informations and detailed diagnosis informations (AJCC/TNM stage, MELD score, Child-Pugh score, and BCLC stage) were collected by professional doctors. Clinical outcomes (death, recurrence, and metastasis) will be followed up every two years after therapy.

Primary liver cancer (PLC) is highly malignant with high mortality which is particularly popular in China. Many factors are believed to associate with the occurrence and prognosis of liver cancer. This longitudinal observational cohort study was designed to investigate factors that influencing the occurrence and long-term survival of patients with primary liver cancer.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* age 18-80 years
* consistent with primary liver cancer diagnostic criteria
* first diagnosis (from diagnosis to admission interval of less than a month)
* did not do any treatment of liver cancer

Exclusion Criteria:

* refused to participate in this study
* suffering from more than two kinds of primary tumors