cyrilzakka/clinical-trials huggingface dataset:
Molecular Analysis for Gastro-Esophageal Cancer: Multicenter Discrete Choice Experiment

The goal of this survey is to investigate the participants' preference for a specific screening/diagnostic tool to detect and assess gastro-esophageal cancer.

The main question it aims to answer are:

* Which diagnostic modality is preferred by patients and the general population?
* Which features of the diagnostic test are most detrimental in the decision-making for one or the other modality?
* Are geographical differences present in regard to the preference for a diagnostic modality?

Participants will be asked to complete a survey of 20-25min, including a brief intake regarding their socio-economic status. This approach will allow us to correct for confounding factors.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Individuals \>18yo to 75yo (upper age limit of Barrett's surveillance)
2. Access to computer or smartphone
3. Clear understanding of available languages of the experiment (English, French, Dutch, Spanish, German, Chinese, Japanese)

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Individuals less than 18yo and more than 75yo
2. Incarcerated individuals
Evaluation of Differences in Video Laryngeal Mask Airway and Fastrack Laryngeal Mask

In our study, patients who are intubated using VLM and Fastrack LMA for intubation purposes will be included. The placement times, intubation times, and the number of failed attempts for both devices will be recorded. Additionally, postoperative complications (sore throat, hoarseness, nausea-vomiting, additional antiemetic medication requirements, etc.) will be monitored and recorded.

The 2015 Difficult Airway Society guidelines specify that in cases where an unexpectedly difficult airway is encountered, and the initial intubation attempt is unsuccessful, the insertion of a supraglottic airway device (SAD) is recommended to maintain ventilation and oxygenation, followed by tracheal intubation through the SAD. SAD has been designated as a rescue airway device in difficult airway algorithms and resuscitation guidelines to "buy time." Additionally, SAD is used to maintain airway and anesthesia in surgeries that do not require intubation.

The Video Laryngeal Mask (VLM) is a newly developed type of SAD. With VLM, direct visualization of the glottis is achieved immediately after SAD placement. VLM has a channel that allows for endotracheal tube passage for intubation purposes and provides direct visualization. The Fastrack LMA, on the other hand, possesses all the ventilation features of classic SADs but is designed for blind or fiberoptic-guided tracheal intubations. These devices are used as rescue devices in cases of limited neck extension and difficult airway situations. Both devices are routinely used for ventilation and intubation purposes in patients. The use of these two devices is preferred in patients where neck extension is undesirable or neck movements are restricted for intubation purposes.

In our study, patients who are intubated using VLM and Fastrack LMA for intubation purposes will be included. The placement times, intubation times, and the number of failed attempts for both devices will be recorded. Additionally, postoperative complications (sore throat, hoarseness, nausea-vomiting, additional antiemetic medication requirements, etc.) will be monitored and recorded.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Individuals between the ages of 18 and 80.
2. Patients with ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) scores I, II, or III.
3. Patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia in the operating room.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients under 18 years old or over 80 years old.
2. Patients who refuse to participate in the study.
Bacteriological Evaluation of Children With Otorrhea

After pneumococcal conjugate vaccine implementation, the number of acute otitis media (AOM) episodes has decreased, but AOM still remains among the most common diagnoses in childhood. From 2% to 17% of cases of AOM feature spontaneous perforation of the tympanic membrane (SPTM). The aim of this study was to describe the bacteriological causes of SPTM several years after PCV13 implementation, in 2010.

Since October 2015, children with spontaneous perforation of the tympanic membrane (SPTM) are prospectively enrolled by 41 pediatricians who are part of a research and teaching network (ACTIV, Association Clinique et Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne \[Clinical and Therapeutic Association of Val de Marne\]) throughout France. For some patients, otorrhea is the first manifestation of AOM; for others, otorrhea occurred after AOM treatment failure or recurrence. Failure (non-responsive AOM) is defined as otorrhea appearing despite at least 48 hr of antibiotics or recurring less than 4 days after the end of antibiotic treatment. Recurrence is defined by the appearance of otorrhea 4 to 30 days after the end of antibiotic treatment for AOM.

Middle ear fluid (MEF) is obtained by sampling spontaneous discharge according to clinical practice guidelines. MEF specimens are obtained with cotton-tipped wire swabs, immediately placed in transport medium (Copan Venturi Transystem®, Brescia, Italy), and transported within 48 hr to one of the two centralized microbiology laboratories (Robert Debré Hospital or National Centre for Pneumococci at European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Paris, France).

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* children from 3 months to 15 years old
* with otorrhea
* signed parents consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* children under 3 months
* children \> 15 years old
Effects of a Food Preservative on Glucose Homeostasis

The investigators propose to examine the effects of the common food preservative sodium benzoate on blood glucose and related hormones and metabolites. If an effect is demonstrated, patients with increased diabetes risk could be counseled to avoid this preservative.

Soft drink consumption has been repeatedly implicated in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Interestingly, epidemiology studies have yielded inconsistent results. Some studies identify sugar-sweetened beverages as the culprit, whereas others point towards artificially-sweetened beverages. Beyond differences in methodology, these conflicting reports raise the question whether another ingredient common to both sugar and artificially-sweetened soft drinks, such as a preservative, might play a role.

Benzoate salts are widely used preservatives in products such as sodas, canned goods, and pharmaceuticals. Interestingly, there is published evidence that sodium benzoate and its metabolite hippurate can affect pancreatic islet function and impair glucose tolerance. However, the effects of oral sodium benzoate at concentrations typically used in our diet on glucose homeostasis have not been systematically studied. Here, we propose to close this knowledge gap.

We will recruit 15 healthy, overweight volunteers, age 18-35. Each subject will receive 4 interventions: an oral glucose challenge 1) with and 2) without 0.1% benzoic acid, and a drink of water 3) with and 4) without 0.1% benzoic acid. Blood samples will be analyzed for glucose, insulin, glucagon, and a panel of approximately 300 different metabolites at baseline and serially for 2 hours after each intervention. Factorial analysis of variance will be performed to determine the effects of benzoic acid in the presence and absence of glucose, and interactions between glucose and benzoate. The planned sample size of 15 will provide 80% power to detect an effect-size of 0.16 standard-deviations in outcome measures, and an interaction-effect of 0.33 standard-deviations, with a critical value p=0.05.

If we find through this study that sodium benzoate significantly affects glucose tolerance, the public health implications would be great. High level, frequent consumption might cause diseases associated with insulin resistance, chiefly T2DM. Furthermore, its presence in OGTT testing solutions could provide misleading results.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Men and women age 18-35
* BMI 25-30

Exclusion Criteria:

* Diabetes Mellitus (fasting Blood Glucose ≥ 126mg/dl)
* Exercise more than 60 minutes more that 4 times a week
* Major medical illness
* Medications or supplements that can influence glucose metabolism
* Large fluctuations in weight (\>5% over the past 6 months)
* Currently following a weight loss program
* Consumption of more than 24 ounces of soda per day (defined as sugar- or artificially sweetened beverages, e.g. colas or fruit punches, excluding hot tea and coffee)
* Allergy or intolerance to sodium benzoate
* Nicotine use
* Illicit substance use
* Women with irregular menstrual cycles, or who are pregnant or breastfeeding
Oral Versus Injectable Risperidone for Treating First-Episode Schizophrenia

This study will determine the effectiveness of oral risperidone versus long-acting injectable risperidone in treating people with first-episode schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia is a severely disabling brain disorder. People with schizophrenia often experience hallucinations, delusions, thought disorders, and movement disorders. Proper treatment of first-episode schizophrenia may increase the chances of controlling disease progression on a long-term basis. People experiencing their first episode of schizophrenia are more responsive to treatment than those with chronic schizophrenia, but are also more susceptible to adverse treatment side effects. Atypical antipsychotic medications have been shown to produce fewer adverse side effects than older "typical" antipsychotics. Risperidone is a type of atypical antipsychotic medication that is used to control the symptoms of schizophrenia. This study will determine the effectiveness of oral risperidone versus long-acting injectable risperidone in treating people with first-episode schizophrenia.

Participants in this open label study will be randomly assigned to receive either orally administered risperidone or long-acting risperidone administered via injection. Participants assigned to oral risperidone will receive medication in doses that are determined to be optimal by the study psychiatrist. Participants assigned to long-acting risperidone will receive an injection of risperidone once every 2 weeks. Dosages will begin at 25 mg and will be adjusted as necessary to achieve the optimal dosage. Following 2 to 3 months to achieve outpatient risperidone dosage stabilization, the randomized medication conditions will begin and participants will be monitored for 1 year. Study visits will occur once weekly throughout the study. They will include group therapy meetings focused on everyday living skills; family education about schizophrenia; assessments of medication response; and individual meetings with a case manager for counseling and evaluations of schizophrenia symptoms.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder (depressed type), or schizophreniform disorder
* First major episode of psychotic symptoms occurred within 2 years prior to study entry
* Participant in the UCLA Center for Neurocognition and Emotion in Schizophrenia

Exclusion Criteria:

* Neurological disorder or injury (e.g., encephalitis, epilepsy, traumatic brain injury)
* Mental retardation (e.g., premorbid IQ less than 70)
* Significant alcohol or substance abuse within 6 months prior to study entry
* Inability to complete research measures in English
* Any condition that may make risperidone use medically inadvisable
OPTImized Coronary Interventions eXplaIn the bEst cliNical outcomEs

Hypothesis: the clinical outcome of patients with indication of PCI and coronary stent implantation that are at high risk of events can be improved with a widespread use of intra-coronary tools that allow a PCI optimization (i.e. functional assessment by pressure guidewire and intra-coronary imaging techniques).

Objective: to evaluate whether the use of pressure guidewire and intra-coronary imaging techniques (mainly optimal coherence tomography) in patients at high risk of events undergoing coronary angiography for myocardial revascularization is associated with an improved clinical outcome in comparison with patient with angiographic alone guided cobalt-chromium everolimus-eluting coronary stenting.

Methods: Prospective observational multicentric international study with a follow-up of 12 months, including 1.000 patients in 40 sites located in 3 European countries (Spain, France, and Portugal). The control group will be comprised by a similar number of matched patients included in the "extended-risk" cohort of the XIENCE V USA study. PCI will be performed following local standard protocols and accordingly to the physician criteria. The use of pressure guidewire will be recommended according to the current guidelines, in patients with angiographically intermediate lesions and in those with multivessel disease. The use of OCT will be strongly recommended, as patients included will be considered to be at high risk of events, accordingly to the current recommendations. The primary endpoint will be target lesion failure (TLF) at 1 year.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* At least one of the following high-risk characteristics: lesion length \> 28 mm; reference vessel diameter \< 2.5 mm or \> 4.25 mm; chronic total occlusion; bifurcation with side branch ≥ 2 mm; ostial lesion; left main; in-stent restenosis; more than 2 lesions stented in the save vessel; more than 2 vessels treated; acute myocardial infarction; renal insufficiency; ejection fraction \< 30%; or staged procedure. There will be no protocol exclusions on the basis of clinical features or angiographic criteria. The indication of using CCEES will be determined by the implanting physician.
* Informed consent signed

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients whose survival is expected to be lower than 1 year at hospital discharge.
* Patients not willing to participate
* Patient not simultaneously participating in any interventional study
GCIV as an Adjuvant Therapy for Community-Acquired Severe Sepsis or Septic Shock

This study is to determine whether the intravenous application of 'Ⅳ-Globulin S inj. (Human Immunoglobulin G)' can reduce mortality in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock.

A Placebo-controlled, Randomized, Double-blind, Multi-center, Phase 3 Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous Administration of 'IV-Globulin S inj.(Human Immunoglobulin G)' as an Adjuvant Therapy in Adult Subjects with Community-Acquired Severe Sepsis or Septic Shock.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients with severe sepsis or septic shock, if all of the following criteria is satisfied.

  1. Age ≥ 18 years
  2. Proved or suspected infection in at least one site
* pneumonia
* urinary tract infection
* intra-abdominal infection
* primary bloodstream infection
* skin and soft tissue infection 3. Three or more of the following
* a core temperature ≥ 38° C or ≤ 36° C
* a heart rate ≥ 90 beats/min
* a respiratory rate ≥ 20 breaths/min or PaCO2 ≤ 32 mmHg or use of mechanical ventilation for an acute process
* a white blood cell count ≥ 12000/mm3 or ≤ 4000/ mm3 or immature neutrophils \> 10% 4. Acute organ failure in one or more of the following
* kidney
* respiratory system
* blood system
* metabolic system
* circulatory system 5. APACHE score ≥ 20 and ≤ 29 6. Patient can treatment with GCIV in ICU within at least 48 hours 7. Informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Pregnant or breast-feeding women
2. a weight \> 100kg
3. discharged from the hospital at least 14 days prior to new admission
4. Transferred from another hospital staying more than 48 hours
5. allergy or shock of IVIG
6. Treated with IVIG within the 12 weeks immediately preceding enrolment in this study
7. IgA deficiency
8. Hypernatremia or hyperhydration
9. Proved or suspected HIV or AIDS patients(CD4+ \<200mL)
10. Current participation in any study within the last 4 weeks
11. Do not resuscitate (DNR) status
12. Patient's death is considered imminent due to coexisting disease
13. physicians decision to exclude patients from this protocol
14. Immunocompromised patients
Pilot Study in Order to Evaluate Disconfort Among Outpatients Using actiTENS for Neuropathic Pain vs TENS ECO 2.

Non-pharmacological treatments for pain relief are more and more used in clinical care although any scientific validation. Among the non-pharmacological treatments of neuropathic pain relief, TENS (Electrical Nerve Stimulation Therapy) is the major treatment with the best benefit. Unfortunately, the use of TENS by patients appears very difficult. Because of this inconvenience, more than 40% of TENS users interrupt the treatment despite treatment benefit. A new TENS device: actiTENS that seems to be less constraining than TENS is now available in France. ActiTENS efficacy and safety compared to TENS need to be investigated.

The main objective is to evaluate and to compare the use of actiTENS, with TENS Eco 2, the classical device in patients with chronic neuropathic pain.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Adult
* Patient covered by national health insurance
* Patient able to express consent
* Patient with neuropathic pain with DN4 (Douleur Neuropathique 4 Questions) \> or = 4/10.
* Actual or potential neurologic lesion
* Patient still using a TENS device

Exclusion Criteria:

* Planned surgery in the next two months
* Modification of the reatment in the next two motnhs
* Other study ongoing for the patient
* Medical contraindication for TENS
Fluid Resuscitation for Pediatric Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Randomized trial to determine if the volume of fluid administration in pediatric patients with DKA impacts the rate of normalization of serum bicarbonate, pH as well as the length of treatment

A randomized trial of two initial volumes of IVF and subsequent administration rates. Group I received 10 mL/kg of NS intravenous bolus over the first hour followed by ¾ NS with potassium replacement at 1.25 times maintenance and Group II received 20 mL/kg of NS intravenous bolus over the first hour followed by ¾ NS with potassium replacement at 1.5 times maintenance. The specific variables measured included demographics (age, gender, and race/ethnicity) and routine laboratory values (pH, pCO2, plasma glucose, electrolytes, bicarbonate, sodium, chloride, BUN. Length of treatment was defined as a time of the hospital stay after the start of IVF infusion.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* 1 day to 18 years of age
* type 1 diabetes
* presence of DKA, as defined by glucose \>250 mg/dl, accumulation of ketone bodies in the blood, and metabolic acidosis (venous pH \< 7.30 or serum bicarbonate \< 15 mmol/L.)

Exclusion Criteria:

* requirement for additional fluid resuscitation for hemodynamic instability
* weight greater than 70 kilograms
Differences in Sitting Versus Standing on Metabolic and Cardiovascular Measurements

This investigations examined the effect that posture has on metabolic and cardiovascular measurements. Further, it will explore the potential for body weight status or physical activity to influence these relationships. All subjects will complete a seated condition and a standing condition in a counterbalanced manner.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate both metabolic and cardiovascular responses to acute bouts of computer work while sitting and standing. Cardiovascular measurements were made using continuous non-invasive blood pressure monitoring and metabolic measurements were made using indirect calorimetry. Subjects will be grouped and analyzed based upon the weight status of the subject. All subjects will complete a seated condition and a standing condition in a counterbalanced manner. Investigators hypothesize that metabolic and cardiovascular responses will be elevated in the standing condition compared to sitting.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* healthy adult

Exclusion Criteria:

* Have a history of cancer, cardiac issues, hypertension, pulmonary disease, stroke, neurological or muscular dystrophy, uncontrolled diabetes, or any life threatening chronic conditions.
* Are currently being treated for infectious mononucleosis, hepatitis, pneumonia, or other infectious diseases.
* Are unable or unwilling to stand in one position continuously for 15-20 minutes at a time.
* Use nicotine products, or non-contraceptive hormonal therapy (birth control is okay).
* Are pregnant or trying to become pregnant.
* Are not between 18 and 50 years of age.
Developing a Communication Intervention for People With Memory Challenges and Their Care Partners

The proposed research is consistent with broader public health goals focused on improving communication regarding end-of-life care and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services' (CMS) call for increased patient engagement in advance care planning (ACP) as part of standard care. The proposed study will address this public health issue by developing a communication-based intervention designed to improve Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) patients' and care partners' engagement in ACP, distress and care partner burden, and completion of advance directives and receipt of goal-concordant care at the end-of-life. Therefore, this study is aligned with the National Institute on Aging's long-term goal to improve the quality of care for ADRD patients and CMS's goal to increase engagement in ACP.

The goals of this study are to: (1) develop a communication-based intervention, called KNow the Optimal Way (KNOW) for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) patients and care partners that includes theoretically grounded communication strategies (e.g., acknowledgment, validation of fears) and distress management techniques (e.g., deep breathing, muscle relaxation); (2) evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention; and (3) test the preliminary efficacy of the intervention on ADRD patients' and care partners' preparedness for and engagement in advance care planning (ACP), and completion of advance directives (primary outcomes) as well as patient-care partner concordance on the person with dementia (PWD)'s healthcare values, perceived need for ACP, psychological distress, communication quality, and care partner burden (secondary outcomes).

Eligibility Criteria:
Patient Inclusion Criteria:

1. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score of ≥11-21
2. score of ≥9 on the University of California-San Diego Brief Assessment of Capacity to Consent,
3. score of ≥11 on the capacity to execute a Health Care Proxy Guideline,
4. identification of an informal CP.
5. age ≥ 65
6. impaired autonomy in memory function, ADLs, or IADLs per the care partner's report.

Care Partner Inclusion Criteria:

1. the person whom the patient indicates provides their informal (unpaid) care
2. MoCA score of ≥26

Exclusion Criteria for Patient or Care Partner:

* not fluent in English
* ≤17 years of age
* too ill or weak to complete the interviews (per the interviewer)
* presence of significant sensory, language, or motor deficit (e.g., visual or hearing loss, paralysis, aphasia)
* patient is in the late stage of dementia (i.e., severe cognitive impairment), is bed-bound, or has a nursing home admission planned within 12 months
* has a diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, current psychotic disorder or substance abuse disorder per self-report or the medical record
* patient-care partner dyads who have completed advance directives, due to the lack of need for an intervention