Auditory Functions in Patients With Migraine

Migraine is a neurological disease associated with an altered cortical excitability level . The prevalence of migraine is10.5% of adults in Assiut governorate, and is more frequent in women and in individuals with higher education level . There is evidence that migraine patients could present cognitive deficits, being the affected functions memory, processing information speed and attention. It was found that the prevalence of migraine in AlQuseir was 4.8/100 and the highest figures found during early adult life(18-40) years old .Patients with migraine found to perform significantly worse in duration pattern test(DPT),non-verbal dichotic test ,speech in noise (SPIN)test and found to have longer p300 frequency stimulus latency which indicate presence of cognitive and central auditory processing dysfunction

The definition of central auditory processing CAP is based on auditory functions . Central auditory processing CAP involves a large number of skills which are highly dependent on a set integrity of the auditory pathways, from the outer ear to the auditory cortex. These skills include auditory selective attention, sound detection, and localization, discrimination of isolated and sequential sounds, as well as speech recognition, auditory comprehension and memory .

central auditory processing CAP is an indispensable tool for the investigation of the function of the central nervous system . The impairment of auditory processing could cause difficulties in complex listening situations, such as understanding speech in back-ground noise, rapid or degraded speech, and problems with comprehending verbal instructions.

Central auditory perception (CAP) can be assessed by Behavioral tests, which demonstrate good correlations with electrophysiological measures . Recording of event-related potentials (ERPs), because of its objectivity and noninvasive characteristics, presents one of the most useful tools in investigating neural substrates and cerebral regions involved in specific cognitive function. It implies recording of brain activity during a cognitive task .

Among the components of ERPs, theP300 is undoubtedly the most studied cerebral wave in evaluating cerebral information processing during the course of various neurological diseases because of its easy recording and reliability . The P300 develops if the subject is actively engaged in the task of detecting the targets.

Amplitude of the wave varies with the improbability of the targets and latency with the difficulty of discriminating the target stimulus from the standard stimuli . Typical peak latency P300 latency reflects timing of mental processes and the increase of latency represents prolongation of the processing time

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* It will consist of 100 patients suffering from migraine according to international classification of headache.
* Their age range from (18-40) years old which considered the most common affected age group ,
* Both sexes will be included.
* The study group will be further classified into two main categories migraine with and without aura.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with history of systemic, neurologic or psychiatric illness.
* Patients with other types of headache.
* Patients with hearing loss.
* Patients with history of head trauma, surgery or ototoxic drug therapy