Acute and Long-Term Antidepressant Treatment Success in Adolescents With Anxiety (AtLAS-A)

Acute, double-blind, adaptively randomized treatment with duloxetine or escitalopram, followed by open-label naturalistic follow-up.

To identify predictors of the magnitude and trajectory of response to flexibly-dosed duloxetine and escitalopram response in adolescents with anxiety, including those with depressive symptoms. And also to examine long-term predictors of sustained response and relapse in adolescents. To examine predictors of developing depressive disorders in anxious adolescents.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Written, informed assent and consent.
* Patients, parent/guardian/LAR must be fluent in the English.
* 12 to 17 years of age, inclusive, at Screening.
* Patients must meet DSM-512 criteria for generalized, social and/or separation anxiety disorder and/or panic disorder, confirmed by the MINI-KID.
* Caregiver who is willing to consent to be responsible for safety monitoring of the patient, provide information about the patient's condition, oversee the administration of the investigational product.
* No clinically significant abnormalities on physical examination.
* Negative pregnancy test at Screening in females.
* Negative urine drug screen at Screening.
* Sexually active patients must practice a reliable method of contraception (Section 15.0) that will continue for the duration of the study and for a minimum of 30 days following the end of study participation. Reliable methods of contraception are defined below; other forms of contraceptives (pharmacological and/or non-pharmacological) are not accepted:

  1. Surgical sterilization
  2. Oral contraceptives (e.g. estrogren-progestin combination or progestin)
  3. Transdermally-delivered contraceptives (e.g., Ortho-Evra), depot injections (e.g., Depo-Provera)
  4. Vaginal contraceptive ring (e.g., NuvaRing), contraceptive implants (e.g., Implanon, Norplant II/Jadelle)
  5. An intrauterine device
  6. Diaphragm plus condom.

Exclusion Criteria:

* DSM-512 diagnosis other than generalized anxiety, social anxiety, separation anxiety or panic disorder(s) that is the primary focus of treatment.
* A history of intellectual disability.
* Suicide risk as determined by either: (1) any suicide attempt within the past 6 months and/or (2) significant risk at Visit 1 (Screening) or Visit 2 (Baseline), as judged by the Investigator.
* Allergy, intolerance, non-response or hypersensitivity to escitalopram or duloxetine.
* Subjects taking other medications that require a taper or washout of more than 5 days.
* Patients who have initiated/terminated psychotherapy/behavior therapy within 1 month before Visit 2 (Baseline), or who plan to initiate/change said therapies during the course of the study will be excluded; if the patient is engaged in psychotherapy, it must have been stable for 1 month prior to baseline.
* A clinically-significant medical illness.
* QTc \>450 in males / \>460 in females (prolonged QTc based on American Heart Association recommendations for Standardization and Interpretation of the EKG81
* Alcohol or substance use disorder within the past 6 months (nicotine use is permitted).
* Positive urine pregnancy test/pregnancy or breast feeding.
* A positive urine drug screen.
* Patients who are unable to swallow capsules.