Effect of Ciprofol Infusion for Induction and Maintenance on Hemodynamics and Postoperative Recovery

To study the Effect of Ciprofol Infusion for Induction and Maintenance of anesthesia on Hemodynamics and Postoperative Recovery in Patients Undergoing Thoracoscopic Lobectomy:a randomized, controlled trial.

Patients undergoing Thoracoscopic Lobectomy aged 18\~65 years old were randomly assigned to Group P and Group C . Group P was given propofol 2 \~ 2.5mg/kg, group C was given ciprofol 0.4 \~ 0.5mg/kg, if bispectral index(BIS) value ≤60 during anesthesia induction, cisatracurium 0.2mg/kg and sufentanil 0.5μg/kg were injected intravenously, endotracheal intubation was performed after the improvement of muscle relaxation. If the BIS value was greater than 60, propofol was added intravenously 1mg/kg each time or ciprofol 0.2mg/kg each time, and the interval of administration was greater than 1min, until BIS≤60. Cisatracurium and sufentanil were injected intravenously, followed by endotracheal intubation.Then propofol was maintained in group P at 4-12 mg/kg/h and remifentanil was maintained at 0.1-0.3 ug/kg/min .Ciprofol was maintained in Group C at 0.8-2.5 mg/kg/h and remifentanil was maintained at 0.1-0.3 ug/kg/min . Intermittent addition of cisatracurium. Sufentanil was added as required, and total dosage of Sufentanil was 0.7ug \~ 1ug/kg. BIS was kept at 40 \~ 60 during the surgery, and infusion drugs were stopped at the end of the operation. The patients were Transfer to Postanesthesia care unit(PACU) after the operation.

The primary outcomes were the fluctuations in hemodynamic parameters during induction and the surgery. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean blood pressure (MAP),heart rate (HR) and BIS values at various time points were collected.

The secondary outcome were as follows:

1. The time of lose consciousness（LOC） during the induction, The Time and dosage of additional drug, and the BIS value during the induction process.
2. The incidence of adverse events such as injection pain, body movement, muscle twitching, hypotension, hypertension, bradycardia or tachycardia, cough and bronchospasm during induction.
3. quality of recovery 15（QOR15） score at pre-operation（Preop） 、on the first day of postoperation （POD1）and on the second day of postoperation （POD2） .
4. the recovery time of consciousness (ROC）, extubation time, PACU stay time, postoperative hospital stay time.
5. Incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting, incidence of postoperative agitation and delayed recovery, and intraoperative awareness.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA)Ⅰ～Ⅱ grade;
* 18-65 years;
* Body mass index (BMI) 20-30kg/m2 ;
* Scheduled for thoracoscopic lobectomy under general anesthesia;

Exclusion Criteria:

* Refused to participate in the clinical study;
* Predictable airway difficulties requiring awake intubation;
* Allergy to the drugs which were used in this study;
* Tracheal intubation failed for twice;
* Patients with mental diseases or consciousness disorder;
* long-term use of sedatives or Antidepressants;
* Patients who are participating in other clinical studies.