iStart Smart for Teens for Healthy Weight Management

The emerging epidemic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in children is coupled with the increased prevalence of childhood obesity in the last two decades. Obesity during the adolescent years is associated with many adverse health consequences, including T2DM, hyperlipidemia, and psychosocial problems. The first step toward effective obesity management and T2DM prevention is monitoring of physical activity (PA) and dietary intake. With the rapid expansion of cellular networks, and advancements in smartphone technologies, it is now possible to monitor PA and dietary intake and at the same time to transmit data digitally to their primary care providers (PCP). The proposed pilot study will include the collaboration among UCSF, North East Medical Services (NEMS), mHealth teams, and overweight and/or obese adolescents. The study will adapt and implement smartphone-based technologies and integrate these technologies with the Electronic Health Record (EHR) to increase PA and dietary intake. Two specific aims of this proposed study include: (1) adapt fitbit Ultra applications for the smartphone-based technologies and EHR and (2) and assess the feasibility and estimate the effect for patient outcomes (self-efficacy, physical activity, dietary intake, BMI, and lipid profile), at 3 months post intervention between the intervention and control groups. The smartphone app for the intervention group will allow the teens to graphically compare daily PA and dietary intake with the goal, participate in a reward program where they can collect virtual points for achieving the goal, and play interactive games related to PA and diet. A total of 40 overweight and/or obese adolescents at NEMS will be recruited and randomized to the feasibility study (Aim 2).

Using evidence to inform the design of clinical practice is a foundational principle of modern health care practice. In the present pilot study, using evidence from research on technology in clinical practice facilitated development of a hybrid intervention that combined lifestyle modification with routine clinical care. Chief among the benefits of this hybrid smartphone technology-based intervention (STB) was the potential to improve health outcomes and reduce obesity in overweight and obese adolescents. The purposes of this study were to (1) measure effects of an innovative smartphone-technology-based (STB) intervention for overweight and obese adolescents and to (2) examine the intervention's feasibility for use in primary care clinics.The STB intervention had 3 components: use of Fitbit Flex, participation in the online educational program, and receipt of bi-weekly text message during the maintenance phase. A randomized control study design was utilized. Data regard to anthropometrics (BMI and waist-hip ratio), blood pressure, levels of physical and sedentary activity, diet, and self-efficacy regarding physical activity and diet were collected at baseline, 3 month and 6 months after the baseline assessment.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* between 13-18 years old
* have a BMI at ≥ 85th percentile, based on CDC growth chart
* own a smartphone;
* have access to a computer with internet access
* be able to read and speak English.

Exclusion Criteria:

* have acute or life-threatening disease
* not be able to engage in activities of daily living