A Study to Evaluate ABT-494 (Upadacitinib) in Adults With Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis

The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of multiple doses of upadacitinib monotherapy versus placebo in the treatment of adults with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD).

The study was to include a 16-week double-blind treatment period (Period 1) and a 72-week double-blind treatment period (Period 2) for a total of 88 weeks of treatment. Participants who met eligibility criteria were to be randomized in a 1:1:1:1 ratio to one of the four treatment groups. Participants who completed Period 1 were re-randomized at Week 16 into a 72-week double-blind, placebo-controlled treatment period (Period 2) in a 1:1 ratio:

* Group 1: Upadacitinib 7.5 mg once daily (QD) (Day 1 to Week 16) → upadacitinib 7.5 mg QD or placebo (Week 16 - and thereafter)
* Group 2: Upadacitinib 15 mg QD (Day 1 to Week 16) → upadacitinib 15 mg QD or placebo (Week 16 and thereafter)
* Group 3: Upadacitinib 30 mg QD (Day 1 to Week 16) → upadacitinib 30 mg QD or placebo (Week 16 - and thereafter)
* Group 4: Matching placebo (Day 1 to Week 16) → upadacitinib 30 mg QD or placebo (Week 16 and thereafter)

In Period 1, discontinuation from study drug was mandatory for any participant with an Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) score worsening of 25% or more compared with their Baseline EASI score at any 2 consecutive scheduled study visits from Week 4 to Week 12.

In Period 2, blinded rescue therapy with upadacitinib 30 mg QD was provided after the first instance of a \< EASI 50 response starting at the Week 20 visit (4 weeks after re-randomization into Period 2) for the remainder of the study.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Atopic dermatitis with a diagnosis confirmed by a dermatologist (according to the Hanifin and Rajka criteria) and onset of symptoms at least 1 year prior to Baseline.
* Moderate to severe atopic dermatitis defined by an Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) ≥ 16, body surface area (BSA) ≥ 10% and an Investigators Global Assessment (IGA) score ≥ 3 at the Baseline visit.
* Documented history (within 1 year prior to the screening visit) of inadequate response to treatment with topical corticosteroids (TCS), or topical calcineurin inhibitors (TCI), or for whom topical treatments are otherwise medically inadvisable (e.g., because of important side effects or safety risks).
* Twice daily use of an additive-free, bland emollient for at least 7 days prior to Baseline.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Prior exposure to any systemic or topical Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor (including but not limited to tofacitinib, baricitinib, ruxolitinib, and filgotinib).
* Treatment with topical corticosteroids (TCS), topical calcineurin inhibitors (TCI), prescription moisturizers or moisturizers containing additives such as ceramide, hyaluronic acid, urea, or filaggrin within 10 days prior to the Baseline visit.
* Prior exposure to dupilumab or exposure to systemic therapies for AD including corticosteroids, methotrexate, cyclosporine, azathioprine, phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE4)-inhibitors and mycophenolate mofetil within 4 weeks prior to Baseline.
* Prior exposure to any investigational systemic treatment within 30 days or 5 half-lives (whichever is longer) of the Baseline visit or is currently enrolled in another clinical study.