Supporting Social and Emotional Competence in Preschool Children

Social emotional competence is instrumental to children's health and development. The preschool edition of Promoting Alternative THinking Strategies (PATHS®) intervention was tested in this study. PATHS® is a universal teacher implemented, and school-based intervention. In the first years of this study, PATHS® which was originally developed in the United States was adapted for a Swedish preschool context according to a theoretical model for intervention cultural adaptation entitled the Planned Intervention Adaptation (PIA) protocol. After the cultural adaptation process, a two-wave pre-posttest randomized controlled trial of PsPATHS was conducted with Swedish preschool aged children. Implementation data were collected and outcome evaluation results are being finalized at the time that this protocol is being submitted in August 2020.

Social emotional competence is instrumental to children's health and development. The preschool edition of Promoting Alternative THinking Strategies (PATHS®) intervention was tested in this study. PATHS® is a universal teacher implemented, and school-based intervention that aims to give preschool children a strategically timed boost in social emotional competence. Specifically, PATHS® encourages the use of interactive techniques to bolster children's ability to self-regulate, increase their adeptness at social cognitive problem solving, as well as to gain insight into their emotions and emotions of others. In the first years of this study, PATHS® which was originally developed in the United States was adapted for a Swedish preschool context according to a theoretical model for intervention cultural adaptation entitled the Planned Intervention Adaptation (PIA) protocol. PIA calls for specific small-scale research studies that guide the cultural adaptation of an imported intervention. After the cultural adaptation process, a two-wave pre-posttest randomized controlled trial of PsPATHS was conducted with Swedish preschool aged children. The main study, which this protocol documents was a two-wave pre to posttest, cluster randomized controlled trial with multi-method and informant assessment (N = 285 four and five-year-old Swedish children; 145 wait-list control and 140 intervention). Implementation data were collected and outcome evaluation results are being finalized at the time that this protocol is being submitted in August 2020.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion criteria:

* Preschool level: Public or privately administered preschools with at least one classroom of 4- to 5-year old children, located within one of three selected municipalities in the Stockholm area.
* Individual child level: Children were included if they attended participating preschools, were 4 or 5 years old and had the written consent of their guardians, and if they had a sufficient understanding of Swedish to perform tasks.

Exclusion criteria:

* Preschool level: Types of preschools excluded from study participation were open preschools, parent cooperative run preschools, and family day homes.
* Individual child level: Children were excluded if they did not have a sufficient understanding of Swedish to perform tasks.