cyrilzakka/clinical-trials huggingface dataset:
HIV Testing Strategies in the Perinatal Setting

The purpose of the study is to determine whether an abbreviated pretest/post-test CDC recommended counseling is as equally acceptable to prenatal patients as the standard strategy using prenatal care nurses and medical providers at San Francisco General Hospital \[SFGH\]).

Approximately 40% of HIV-infected infants in the United States in 2000 were born to women not diagnosed with their HIV prior to delivery. (1) There are now effective medical therapies to prevent perinatal transmission, including anti-retroviral therapy, but this requires diagnoses of maternal HIV prior to delivery. Both the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Institute of Medicine (IOM) have published strong recommendations for universal HIV-antibody testing of pregnant women.

This will be a randomized controlled, non-inferiority trial comparing two HIV testing strategies among English and Spanish-speaking patients presenting for prenatal care at SFGH WHC over the course of approximately one year. Eligible participants will be randomized by study personnel to either standard HIV counseling and testing (control arm) or abbreviated counseling and testing (study arm). Participants will receive a standard prenatal HIV testing brochure, undergo one of two HIV counseling/testing strategies, submit blood for an HIV-1 antibody test, and will follow-up with their medical provider for HIV test results. Upon completion of counseling, participants will undergo a short, structured (Pre-test) questionnaire administered by study staff. Following testing and receipt of results, participants will complete a second (Post-test) structured questionnaire administered by study staff.

Eligible women presenting to SFGH physician or midwife prenatal clinics will be recruited, consented and randomized by study staff to either the standard or abbreviated testing strategy. The outcomes studied will be patient satisfaction and the proportion of study participants who undergo HIV testing. Potential confounder variables to be measured will include demographic characteristics, prior HIV testing history, knowledge about HIV/AIDS, attitudes towards HIV testing, HIV test result, and type of provider (physician versus midwife).

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Women 16 years of age or above seeking prenatal care at San Francisco General Hospital

Exclusion Criteria:

* Women who do not speak Spanish or English
* Women younger than 16 years of age
* Women who obtained an HIV test during the index pregnancy prior to initiation of prenatal care at SFGH
* Women known to be infected with HIV at initiation of prenatal care at SFGH
A Study of Factors Influencing Recurrence After Thermal Ablation of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

A prospective cohort of papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC), patients who received thermal ablation in our hospital since February 2023 was established as the study object. Preoperative and postoperative demographic data, ultrasonography, other relevant laboratory tests, and thyroid disease-related scales such as fatigue, depression, and stress were collected. The influencing factors of PTC recurrence were analyzed.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

①≥18 years old; ② Obtain informed consent; ③ Ultrasonography showed that malignant nodules were single, the maximum diameter of nodules was ≤1cm and the distance from the capsule was ≥2mm. ④ no lymph node metastasis or other extra-glandular metastasis in the neck; ⑤ PTC was confirmed by fine needle puncture pathology; ⑥ Patients who do not meet Article 3, who still strongly request thermal ablation while fully informing the patient of the risk of recurrence, and who have been clinically assessed to be technically capable of thermal ablation Exclusion Criteria:① Pregnant or lactating patients; ② Patients with other malignant tumors and not suitable for ablation by clinical evaluation; ③ Patients who cannot tolerate surgery; ④ Patients with cognitive impairment and other conditions who cannot accurately fill in thyroid-related questionnaires.
Online Program for Social Anxiety

The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of an online program in reducing symptoms of social anxiety, unhelpful thoughts, avoidance behaviours, fear of negative evaluations and improving quality of life in students with above-average social anxiety.

While there are many benefits to online programs in treating a variety of health issues (i.e., implementation in remote areas, cost-effectiveness, etc.), the primary challenge for online formats is to imitate real-life interactions while promoting a reduction in symptoms. This will be attempted in a six-month online program for social anxiety.

The present study will assess the efficacy of a six-month online program through measures of social anxiety, fear of negative evaluations, unhelpful thoughts, avoidance behaviours and quality of life. This information will be collected from students at baseline and upon completion of the online program.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Registered UBC student
* Achieve an above-average score on a validated screening tool for social anxiety

Exclusion Criteria:

* Not a registered UBC student
* Clinical diagnosis of a mental illness
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Standard Versus Positive Pressure Nebulization in Infants With Bronchiolitis to Reduce Hospital Admissions

Hypothesis: That administration of nebulized therapy for bronchiolitis when using positive airway pressure is superior to standard mask ventilation in reducing hospital admissions.

Bronchiolitis is a lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) syndrome caused by a variety of different viruses. It is the most common LRTI in children under 24 months old. Multiple studies have documented variation in treatment, hospitalization rates, and length of hospital stay for bronchiolitis, suggesting a lack of consensus and an opportunity to improve care for this common disorder.

Research to determine optimal delivery methods of respiratory medications that may augment oxygenation by decreasing atelectasis (Lung cell collapse) and increasing oxygen saturation have not been done. Currently bronchodilators are delivered through a passive process, inhaled as they are nebulized (made from liquid into gas) into a face mask. This study will evaluate whether using a newly developed positive pressure nebulization device that uses pressure to expand lung cells and, hypothetically, deliver the medication better, improves oxygenation by reducing atelectasis (lung cell collapse) to decrease hospitalization in infants with moderate to severe bronchiolitis.

Positive pressure nebulization is a relatively new adaptation of a previously existing modality, and is already currently in use here at PCH.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Infants 2-24 months with moderate to severe bronchiolitis

Exclusion Criteria:

* Those outside the age range of 2-24 months, or less than postconceptual age of 48weeks for premature infants
* Those with comorbid conditions such as cyanotic heart disease, home oxygen use, tracheostomy use, or other serious medical conditions.
* Those with history of apnea
Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. The changes of motor symptoms and the occurrence of adverse reactions in early Parkinson's disease patients who took tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and did not take Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate at different time points were compared.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* 1: Parkinson's disease: Hoehn Yahr= 1 to 2.5 2: MMSE score≥24

Exclusion Criteria:

* 1: essential tremor, stroke, epilepsy and other well-defined neurological disorders

  2: Or have received deep brain stimulation and other brain surgery

  3: Abnormal liver and kidney function

  4: Infected with chronic hepatitis B or AIDS (HIV-1 infection)

  5: Severe depression, schizophrenia, other psychiatric disorders or drug dependence

  6: Other serious physical diseases such as heart, lung, liver, kidney disease, blood disease and malignant tumor

  7: Pregnant or lactating women and seniors over 65 years of age

  8: Allergy or other contraindications to the investigational drug
STIP: Statin Trial for Influenza Patients

To assess the efficacy and safety of oral rosuvastatin in patients with suspected or confirmed influenza who require intensive care unit (ICU) admission due to respiratory distress.

Hypothesis: Rosuvastatin therapy will improve mortality and reduce the need for mechanical ventilation in patients experiencing respiratory distress as a complication of influenza.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with suspected or confirmed influenza (Appendix A)
2. Requirement for ICU (or ICU step-down) admission due to respiratory distress defined as:

   * SaO2/FiO2 \< 315 or PaO2/FiO2 \< 300
   * Multiply by PB/760 (when altitude exceeds 51000 ft)
   * For FiO2 for non-intubated patients see Appendix B

Participants must receive the first dose of study drug within 48 hours following ICU admission for confirmed or suspected influenza or be excluded from participation in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. No consent/inability to obtain consent
2. Age less than 13 years
3. Weight less than 40 kg
4. Unable to receive or unlikely to absorb enteral study drug (e.g. patients with partial or complete mechanical bowel obstruction, intestinal ischemia, infarction, and short bowel syndrome)
5. Allergy or intolerance to statins\*
6. Pregnancy or breast feeding
7. Receiving niacin, fenofibrate, cyclosporine, gemfibrozil, or any antiviral protease inhibitor including but not limited to lopinavir and ritonavir.
8. Existing clinically significant myositis or myopathy or has a measured CK greater than 5,000 U/L
9. Requiring statin for underlying disease as determined by the patients attending physician team\*\*.
10. Severe chronic liver disease (Child-Pugh Score 11-15)
11. Previous myocardial infarction or thrombotic stroke within the past 6 months 11.12. Any significant funding in the patient's medical history or physical or psychiatric exam prior to randomization that, in the opinion of the investigator, would affect patient safety or compliance or ability to deliver the study drug according to protocol
Early UVFP Management Based on Neurological Evidences (ION-UVFP) - Preliminary Study

The purpose of this preliminary study is to help clarify our hypotheses for the longitudinal study by investigating the relationship between vocal cord paralysis and central auditory processes and thus the interpretation of auditory inputs into the central nervous system.

A very recent study (Naunheim et al., 2018) shows that paralysis of a vocal cord can affect central auditory processes, which in turn would have a negative impact on motor control capabilities during voice production. This study was conducted in patients who had undergone Type I thyroplasty. To highlight these influences, the authors relied on behavioral tests of auditory perception and vocal production.

The investigators would like in this study, based on a similar and existing population at the Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, to try to understand the changes observed clinically by proposing to perform vocal production tasks (also planned for the longitudinal study) in the MRI. The investigators would like to objectify the differences in the areas involved in the central auditory processes in comparison between patients and control subjects.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Unilateral paralysis in abduction of the vocal cords may be included in the study.
* Patients who undergone type I thyroplasty (with Montgomery implant) at least 3 months ago
* Control participants without voice disorder

Exclusion Criteria:

* Wear a pacemaker or other implanted devices (prostheses ...).
* Wear metal clips, metal in the head, or an adjustable brain drain.
* Wear non-removable dental appliances (except fillings).
* Wear cardiac valve prostheses.
* Have worked the metals.
* Have a tattoo containing metal particles.
* Have implanted jewelry (e.g., piercing).
* Being prone to epileptic seizures.
* Take medications that alter cortical excitability.
* Have had a brain surgery.
* Suffer from intracranial hypertension.
* Be pregnant or breastfeeding recently.
* Present allergies that are incompatible with the experimental protocol.
* Have an abnormal hearing loss in view of their age, identified with tonal and / or vocal audiometry.
Modulation of Insulin Sensitivity by Betaine Upregulation of FGF21

People with poor insulin sensitivity do not respond normally to elevations in blood sugar. This may increase their risk of developing diabetes in the future. The purpose of this research study is to determine if the nutrient betaine, found in beets, spinach and wheat products, can enhance the production of fetal growth factor 21 (FGF21), a molecule that is believed to promote insulin sensitivity.

AIM: To determine if betaine is a modulator of FGF21 in humans. Low plasma betaine is associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome, but the mechanisms modulating this correlation are poorly delineated. Betaine bioavailability in humans is determined by dietary intake and genetic polymorphisms that influence betaine metabolism. Therefore, moderating betaine levels could be particularly beneficial for some individuals. FGF21 is elevated in response to insulin insensitivity and is under active investigation as a therapeutic modality. The mechanisms of action of FGF21 and betaine on insulin sensitivity in humans are incompletely understood. This study tests the hypothesis that betaine induces FGF21 secretion and insulin sensitizing actions in humans by measuring plasma FGF21, betaine, choline (betaine precursor), glucose, insulin and adiponectin in response to betaine supplementation over a 24 hour time course in 20 healthy, lean individuals. This pilot nutrition intervention will provide key preliminary evidence for understanding whether and how betaine exerts metabolic benefit in humans and will inform a future study to investigate the novel betaine-FGF21-insulin sensitivity axis in a larger cohort.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Healthy
* Able/willing to consume study meals
* Non-smoker
* BMI in normal range (18-24.9)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Use of chronic medications
* Abnormal physical examination or chronic illness
* Use of drugs or medications known to alter choline/betaine metabolism
* Consumption of more than 2 oz of alcohol/day or 24 oz wine/day
* Use of choline/betaine-containing dietary supplements during the previous 3 months
* Diagnosed with Cystathionine Beta-Synthase (CBS) Deficiency
* Pregnant or breastfeeding
* Known hypersensitivity to betaine
* Current substance abuse or addiction
Antibiotic Dosing in Pediatric Intensive Care

Pharmacokinetics of antibiotics in critically ill neonates, infants and children


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit
* patient age/weight : 1,8 kg-15 years
* patient receiving antibiotic treatment (piperacillin-tazobactam, amoxicillin-clavulanate, vancomycin, teicoplanin, meropenem, ciprofloxacin, amikacin) via intermittent infusion regimen or continuous infusion according to institutional treatment guidelines
* intra-arterial or intravenous access other than the drug infusion line available for blood sampling (arterial line is preferred)

Exclusion Criteria:

* no catheter in place for blood sampling
* absence of parental/patient consent
* known hypersensitivity to beta-lactam antibiotics, glycopeptides, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides
* extracorporeal circuit (haemodialysis, ECMO, peritoneal dialysis )
PET Imaging in Parkinson Disease Dementia

The purpose of this study is to use a brain imaging method called PIB PET to determine dementia subtypes in patients with Parkinson's disease. The ultimate goal of this project is to be able to identify individuals with PD who are at risk of developing dementia, and to distinguish the underlying cause of dementia.

The purpose of this study is to use a brain imaging method called PIB PET to determine dementia subtypes in patients with Parkinson's disease. The ultimate goal of this project is to be able to identify individuals with PD who are at risk of developing dementia, and to distinguish the underlying cause of dementia. We will be including both PD and normal subjects in this study. This a long term study and we are considering including a total of 320 participants in this protocol.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* PD patients must exhibit three of the following cardinal signs: rest tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, or postural instability; or two of these features with one of the first three displaying asymmetry.

Exclusion Criteria:

* history of head trauma, major neurological or psychiatric diseases other than Parkinson disease and dementia, e.g. stroke, multiple sclerosis, depression or schizophrenia
* severe systemic diseases
* inability to lie still for 90 minutes
* metallic implants, pacemakers, or any other contraindication to MRI
* refusal to consent to brain donation
Accuracy of Nexfin® and NIBP to Predict IBP

The Nexfin monitoring device relies on noninvasive pressure measurement using a finger-cuff manometer, combined with NIRS technology. The accuracy of the signal is dependent on the degree of vascular unloading, which takes an period before optimal unloading is reached. The evolution of the degree of inaccuracy caused by inclomplete unloading is quantified, and the absolute and relative inaccuracy of the nexfin as a function of the time is determined compared to the invasive blood pressure (IBP).

Secondly, the accuracy of the Nexfin to predict the IBP is compared with the accuracy of noninvasive blood pressure to predict the IBP.

In patients under stable anesthesia conditions, who have IBP and NIBP monitoring, the Nexfin will additionaly be connected. All data will be recorded for at least 30 minutes. NIBP will be measured every 5 minutes The evolution of the NIBP, IBP and Nexfin-derived blood pressure will be analysed to determine the evolution of inaccuracy due to incomplete vascular unloading and to determine the accuracy of Nexfin compared with NIBP to determine IBP.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients that are accepted for surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients unable or unwilling to provide consent.
Intravenous Thrombolysis in Patients With Ischemic Stroke and Recent Ingestion of Direct Oral Anticoagulants

DO-IT is an international, prospective observational registry evaluating whether the administration of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is safe and improves functional outcome in ischemic stroke patients with recent direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) intake. For this purpose, information on 2800 adult participants experiencing an acute ischemic stroke will be obtained at several high-volume international stroke centers and divided into three groups: IVT with recent DOACs intake (DOAC+IVT), and recent DOAC intake not receiving IVT (DOAC) as well as anonymized patients without DOAC receiving IVT. The patients are followed up for 90 days after the index event. treatment recommendations from the described observations. The investigators hypothesize that also more liberal decisions for IVT in patients with recent DOAC intake are not associated with an increased risk for symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) and result in better functional outcome at 3 month.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Clinical diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke with indication for IVT according to applicable guidelines
2. Time from symptom onset or last known well \<12 hours
3. Admission NIHSS of 2 points or more
4. either DOAC ingestion within 48 hours prior to expected timepoint of IVT bolus, or patient with an ongoing prescription of DOAC, but exact timepoint of last intake not verifiable in the emergency setting. (regardless of whether intravenous thrombolysis was given) OR DOAC prescription (any intake within the last 7 days) and receiving intravenous thrombolysis
5. Informed consent (if obtainable and in those international sites where this is legally required) for the prospective part

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patient refused the use of biological data for research purposes (Switzerland)
2. Any acute or subacute intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) identified by admission CT or MRI on brain scan
3. Documentation of any other absolute contraindications to IVT in the medical record
4. Significant pre-stroke disability (mRS score of 5), including known advanced dementia
5. Known (serious) sensitivity to Alteplase/Tenecteplase or any of the excipients
6. Pregnancy or lactating women.
Evaluate the Change in Iron, Vitamin D, and C-Reactive Protein Level (CRP) in a 12 to 24 Week Period

The purpose of this study is to observe changes in iron status and vitamin D status during a 12-24 week supervised training program, specifically males and females between the ages of 30 and 50 years old.

Study subjects will be participants in a triathlon training program through the Avera Sports Institute in Sioux Falls, SD. This clinical study will examine changes in iron and vitamin D levels. Blood specimens will be collected at baseline and again after 3 and 6 months of participating in the training program.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Males and premenopausal females between the ages of 30 and 50 years old
* Training through the Avera Sports Institute Triathlon Training Program
* Agree to keep diet, exercise and all current health habits stable during participation in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

* Women who are pregnant, breastfeeding or planning to become pregnant
* Has a chronic disease that affects calcium or bone metabolism
* Has a chronic disease that affects iron metabolism or iron storage
* Has kidney disease
* Has any laboratory or biometric value that would indicate an issue for the safety of the study subject
* Is currently participating in another clinical research study
Capabilities of Perinatal Healthcare Institutions in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

The aim of this study is to assess the level of the perinatal healthcare institution (PHI) where the newborns were delivered. We included newborns of both genders that were born in the maternity wards in 10 cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBiH). From the PHI of the first and second level, 159 newborns were referred to the third level. Out of a total of 159 LBWI referred from other PHI, only 19.5% LBWI were transported in less than 4 hours. In second level PHI, most LBWI died in the first 12 hours after birth.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Newborns of both genders that were born in the maternity wards in 10 cantons of the FBiH
* A gestational age between 22 and 42 weeks, and a birth weight less than 2500g.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Infants younger than 22 weeks or older than 42 weeks.
* Infants whose mothers refused to give consent for participation in the study.