Evaluation of Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Antiretroviral Activity of Ulonivirine (MK-8507) in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1)-Infected Participants (MK-8507-003)

The study will evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and antiretroviral activity of a single dose of ulonivirine in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive, HIV-1 infected participants. The hypothesis tested in the study is that at a safe and well-tolerated dose, ulonivirine has superior antiretroviral activity to a historical placebo control, as measured by change from baseline in plasma HIV-1 ribonucleic acid (RNA) at 168 hours postdose.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Male, or non-pregnant and non-breastfeeding female, or postmenopausal or surgically sterile female (confirmed with medical records, examination, or laboratory test). Male participants with female partner of childbearing potential agrees to use a medically acceptable method of contraception during the study and 90 days after receiving study drug.
* Body mass index \<=35 kg/m\^2
* Other than HIV infection, baseline health judged to be stable at screening and/or prior to administration of study drug
* No clinically-significant electrocardiogram abnormality
* Documented to be HIV-1 positive as determined by a positive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) result with confirmation
* Has a screening plasma Cluster of Differentiation (CD4) T-cell count of \>200 /mm\^3
* Has a plasma HIV-1 RNA \>= 10,000 copies/mL within 30 days before administration of study drug
* ART-naive, defined as never having received any ART agent, or have received \<=30 consecutive days of an investigational ART agent, excluding non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), or have received \<=60 consecutive days of combination ART, excluding NNRTIs
* Has not received an investigational agent or licensed ART within 30 days of study drug administration
* Diagnosed with HIV-1 infection \>=3 months before screening
* Willing to receive no other ART for the duration of the study
* Has no evidence of mutations conferring resistance to NNRTIs at screening

Exclusion Criteria:

* Mentally or legally institutionalized or incapacitated, has significant emotional problems, or has a history of clinically significant psychiatric disorder
* History of clinically significant and not stably controlled abnormalities or diseases
* History of cancer, with the exceptions of 1) adequately-treated non-melanomatous skin carcinoma or carcinoma in situ of the cervix, 2) other malignancies which have been successfully treated \>=10 years before screening, or 3) participants who are highly unlikely to sustain a recurrence for the duration of the study
* History of significant multiple and/or severe allergies, or has had an anaphylactic reaction or significant intolerability to drugs or food
* Positive for hepatitis B surface antigen
* History of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) unless there has been a documented cure or a negative HCV viral load
* Had major surgery, or donated or lost \>=1 unit (\~500 mL) of blood within 4 weeks before screening
* Participated in another investigational trial within 4 weeks before administration of study drug
* Unable to refrain from or anticipates the use of any medication beginning 4 weeks before administration of study drug and throughout the trial. Certain medications are permitted.
* Consumes \>3 glasses of alcoholic beverages per day (1 glass is equivalent to 12 ounces of beer, 4 ounces of wine, or 1 ounce of distilled spirits). Participants who consume 4 glasses of alcoholic beverages per day may be enrolled at the discretion of the investigator.
* Consumes \>10 cigarettes per day and is unwilling to restrict smoking to \<=10 cigarettes per day
* Regular user of any illicit drugs or has a history of drug abuse (including alcohol) within 2 years
* Has an immediate family member who is investigational site or sponsor staff directly involved with the trial