cyrilzakka/clinical-trials huggingface dataset:
Effect of Exercises on Diaphragmatic Excursion in Postmenopausal Kyphotic Women

the present study examined the effect of different types of exercises for improving the age-related hyperkyphotic curve of postmenopausal women and also examined how it affects diaphragmatic excursion and respiratory function. Increasing the respiratory functions for elderly will act as a preventive method against nowadays chest diseases.

The study was conducted to examine the effect of exercises on diaphragmatic excursion in postmenopausal kyphotic women.

Design of study:

A prospective, randomized, single-blind, pre-post-test, controlled trial. The study followed the Guidelines of Declaration of Helsinki on the conduct of human research. Ethical approval was obtained from the institutional review board at Faculty of physical therapy, Cairo University before study commencement (no.P.T,REC/012/003800).

This study was carried on forty postmenopausal women clinically diagnosed with thoracic kyphosis. They selected randomly from the outpatient clinic of El Kaser El-Einy University Hospital, Cairo University. Their ages ranged from 50-60 years.

Randomization of sample selection was achieved using closed envelop way. Classification of the sample by simple random way into two groups equal in number, twenty for each group by using forty closed envelop, each twenty envelop contained a name of a group from the two groups (Group A) or (Group B) and asking each woman to choose one envelop from them, each woman attended to the group according the name of the group written in her envelop.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. All postmenopausal women suffering from thoracic kyphosis.
2. Their thoracic kyphosis (Cobb's) angles were more than 45 degrees.
3. Their age ranged from 50-60 years old.
4. Their BMI were \>25 and \<30 kg/m2.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. All patients with comorbidities such as cardiac disease and chest diseases as pulmonary fibrosis.
2. Patients with previous trauma to the spine, pelvis and lower limbs.
3. Patients with a previous history of spinal surgery (such as spinal fusion surgery, vertebroplasty, or kyphoplasty).
4. Patients with congenital spinal deformities and scoliosis.
5. Patients with a history of spinal tumors, ankylosing spondylitis, osteoporosis and other spondyloarthritis.
6. The patients received medications that might affect the neuromuscular functions at least three months before or during the study course.
7. Patients suffered from mental or psychological disorders.
8. Patients suffered from inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or polymyalgia rheumatic.
Promoting Patient-Centered Counseling to Reduce Inappropriate Diagnostic Tests

In this study, the investigators will develop and evaluate a novel intervention using standardized patients (SPs) -- or actors playing the roles of patients -- to enhance physicians' patient-centered counseling skills regarding two frequently overused, potentially inappropriate services in primary care: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for acute low back pain and bone densitometry in women at low-risk for osteoporosis. The investigators will further evaluate whether intervention effects on physician patient-centeredness generalize to counseling regarding other costly, unnecessary diagnostic tests.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Resident physician in family medicine or internal medicine who deliver primary care at one of two hospital-based primary care clinics at the University of California, Davis Medical Center Sacramento

Exclusion Criteria:

* Anticipated graduation in less than one year from enrollment.
Antioxidant Supplementation in Trauma Patients

Administration of antioxidants to trauma patients will improve measures of oxidant stress in the blood


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Adult non pregnant non lactating trauma patient

Exclusion Criteria:

* GCS \<6
* Renal dysfunction (cre \> 2.5 mg/dl)
* Hepatic dysfunction ( TBili \> 3.0 mg/dl)
* Expected survival \< 48 hours
* Burns over \> 20% body surface area
* Immune-deficiency syndromes
* Steroid use
Using Teleneuropsychology to Optimize Cognition in Healthy Aging: the Web-based Breakfast Game

Executive control processes involve initiate, coordinate, synchronize, and regulate elemental cognitive functions for the conduct of goal-directed behavior. The proposed research investigates whether exposure to a web-based training protocol designed to enhance executive control processes will improve cognitive performance in cognitively healthy older adults.

The proposed research investigates whether exposure to a web-based training protocol designed to enhance executive control / multi-tasking abilities will improve cognitive performance in healthy older adults. Cognitively normal adults aged 60-75 will be randomized into two experimental groups: 1) Web-based game with training strategy; 2) Web-based game without training strategy (Active Control). All participants (groups 1 and 2) will be instructed to play the complex, high-demand online game, Breakfast Game, for 14 one-hour sessions over 5 weeks.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 60-75
* Willingness to adhere to training protocol
* Adequate English proficiency

Exclusion Criteria:

* Low test scores (below 26 on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment)
* Known history of cognitive impairment, dementia, stroke, seizure disorder, or other neuropsychiatric condition judged to impact cognitive performance.
* Taking medications known to influence cognitive performance.
* Sensory (e.g. visual, auditory) or physical (e.g. severe arthritic, orthopedic, neurologic) impairment incompatible with use of a standard computer workstation.
* Enrolled in a concurrent study that could affect the outcome of this study.
Study to Evaluate the Effects of Domperidone on Cardiac Repolarization in Chinese Healthy Participants

The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of domperidone on the QTc interval duration in Chinese healthy adult participants after multiple domperidone doses of 10 milligram (mg) 3 times a day (tid) and 20 mg tid.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Participant must be healthy on the basis of physical examination, medical history, vital signs, and 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) performed at Screening. If there are abnormalities, they must be consistent with the underlying illness in the study population. This determination must be recorded in the participants source documents and signed by the investigator
* Participant must be healthy on the basis of clinical laboratory tests performed at Screening. If the results of the serum chemistry panel including liver enzymes, hematology, or urinalysis are outside the normal reference ranges, the participant may be included only if the investigator judges the abnormalities or deviations from normal to be not clinically significant or to be appropriate and reasonable for the population under study. This determination must be recorded in the participants source documents and signed by the investigator
* A woman, must have been proved to be non-pregnant via a highly sensitive serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) pregnancy test at Screening; and a negative urine pregnancy test on Day -1 of each treatment period
* Due to the lack of adequate reproductive toxicity data, in addition to the user independent highly effective method of contraception, a male or female condom with or without spermicide is required. Male condom and female condom should not be used together (due to risk of failure with friction)
* Body mass index (BMI; weight \[kilogram {kg}\]/height\^2 \[meter {m}\]\^2) between 18 and 30 kilogram per meter square \[kg/m\^2\] (inclusive), and body weight not less than 50 kilogram (kg)

Exclusion Criteria:

* History of or current clinically significant medical illness including cardiac arrhythmias or other cardiac disease, hematologic disease, coagulation disorders (including any abnormal bleeding or blood dyscrasias), lipid abnormalities, significant pulmonary disease, including bronchospastic respiratory disease, diabetes mellitus, renal or hepatic insufficiency, thyroid disease, neurologic or psychiatric disease, infection, gastro-intestinal disease, or any other illness that the investigator considers should exclude the participant or that could interfere with the interpretation of the study results
* Clinically significant abnormal values for hematology, clinical chemistry or urinalysis at screening or at admission to the study center as deemed appropriate by the investigator
* Presence of hyperkalemia, hypokalemia, hypermagnesemia, hypomagnesemia, hypercalcemia or hypocalcemia
* Clinically significant abnormal physical examination, vital signs or 12-Lead electrocardiogram (ECG) at Screening or at admission to the study center as deemed appropriate by the investigator
* Known allergy to the Domperidone or any of the excipients of the formulation
Effects of Platelet-rich Fibrin and Vitamin Dꝫ Injections on the Periodontal Health

The study aims to evaluate the effect of using PRF and vitamin Dꝫ injections on periodontal health and parameters and compare them when used to facilitate orthodontic treatment.

* Participants will be recruited from the Faculty of Dentistry, Beni-Suef University. All subjects will be informed of the treatment procedures and will sign a consent form.
* Subjects will be randomly divided into two groups:

Group 1 (PRF group): upper canine retraction will be facilitated by PRF injection that will be randomly assigned to one side (experimental side). The contralateral side will serve as the control one.

Group II (Vitamin Dꝫ group): canine retraction will be facilitated by Vitamin Dꝫ injection that will be randomly assigned to one side (experimental side). The contralateral side will serve as the control one.

* The predicted sample size (n) was a total of (28) cases (i.e. 14 cases per group). Sample size calculation was performed using G\*Power version 3.1.9.7
* Simple randomization will be designed with the aid of a computer-generated schedule with 1:1 allocation ratio. Allocation concealment will be achieved using identical opaque, sealed envelopes. Randomization and allocation concealment will be performed by one of the academic staff who will not be involved in the study and will keep the allocation table away from the operators. The operator will shuffle the sealed envelopes and will ask the patient to pick one envelope at the time of recruitment. In each group, a randomly selected side will act as the experimental side while the contralateral side will serve as the control. Blinding of the operators will not be applicable and so blinding will be limited to the outcome assessment.

Methodology:

* All patients will be treated with a 0.022-inch MBT bracket system. Leveling and alignment phase will be completed until a 0.017 X 0.025''stainless steel wire will be inserted passively into the bracket slot. Before canine retraction, the subject will be randomly assigned to one of the groups (PRF or Vitamin Dꝫ group). In both groups, canine retraction will be performed with closed Ni-Ti coil springs with a force of 150 g per side that will be adjusted by the use of a force gauge.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion criteria:

1. Age: 18- 40 years old.
2. Angle Class I or Class II dental malocclusion that required bilateral maxillary first premolar extraction and upper canine retraction as a part of the treatment plan.
3. Good to fair oral hygiene.
4. Normal probing depth.

Exclusion criteria:

1. Active periodontal disease.
2. Poor oral hygiene.
3. Systemic diseases or medications that alter bone metabolism or tooth movement.
4. Craniofacial anomalies.
Bacteriuria and Indwelling Urinary Catheter.

Investigation of 1. The incidence of symptomatic bacteriuria during four weeks after removal of an IUC in inpatients at a rehabilitation clinic for patients ≥ 65 years compared with the incidence of symptomatic bacteriuria among inpatients not treated with an IUC and 2. For how long does ABU persist in inpatients at a rehabilitation clinic for patients

≥ 65 years during a follow-up time of four weeks after IUC-removal?


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Admission to a rehabilitation clinic for patients ≥ 65 years in Stockholm County, Sweden
* Ability to understand oral and written instructions in Swedish
* Ability to produce a voided urine-sample

Exclusion Criteria:

* Severe cognitive failure and/or disability to understand oral and written instructions in Swedish according to the healthcare-personnel's judgment at the ward
* End-of-life care
* Physical disability to produce voided urine-samples
* Ongoing antimicrobial treatment for symptomatic bacteriuria
Forearm Immobilization, Metabolic Health, and Nutrition

The present study will investigate the impact of dietary branched chain amino acid restriction on muscle atrophy, insulin sensitivity and muscle protein synthesis following short-term forearm immobilization

Twenty-four healthy young volunteers will undergo 2 days of forearm immobilization in combination with either a branched chain amino acid restricted diet or a control diet. Before and after immobilization, they will receive a stable isotope tracer infusion (5.5 h) combined with repeated blood and muscle sampling under insulin clamp conditions, in order to measure insulin sensitivity and muscle protein synthesis in the fasted and fed state.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Males and females 18-40 years of age
* Body mass index between 18.5 and 30 kg/m2

Exclusion Criteria:

* Smoking
* Any diagnosed metabolic impairment (e.g. type 1 or 2 diabetes)
* Any diagnosed cardiovascular disease
* Hypertension (≥140 mmHg systolic and/or ≥90 mmHg diastolic)
* Chronic use of any prescribed or over the counter pharmaceuticals (excluding oral contraceptives and contraceptive devices)
* Regular use of nutritional supplements
* Currently involved in a structured progressive resistance training programme (\>3 times per week)
* A personal or family history of thrombosis, epilepsy, seizures or schizophrenia
* Any previous motor disorders or disorders in muscle and/or lipid metabolism
* Known hypokalaemia
* Presence of an ulcer in the stomach or gut and/or strong history of indigestion
* Known severe kidney problems
* Pregnant or breastfeeding
* Unable to give consent
Randomized Controlled Trial for Immunogenicity and Safety Evaluation of Bivalent Types 1 and 3 Oral Poliovirus Vaccine

Type 2 component of oral poliovirus vaccine is slated for global withdrawal through a switch from trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (tOPV) to bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (bOPV) for preventing paralytic polio caused by circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2. We aimed to assess immunogenicity and safety profile of six vaccination schedules with different sequential doses of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV), tOPV, or bOPV.

A randomized controlled trial was conducted in China in 2015. After informed consent was obtained from a parent or legally acceptable representative, healthy newborn babies were randomly allocated to one of six groups: cIPV-bOPV-bOPV, cIPV-tOPV-tOPV, cIPV-cIPV-bOPV, cIPV-cIPV-tOPV, cIPV-cIPV-cIPV, and tOPV-tOPV-tOPV. The key eligibility criteria were: full-term birth (37-42 weeks of gestation), birthweight ≥2·5 kg, no obvious medical disorders and no polio vaccination. Infants received following three doses sequentially with 4- 6 weeks interval after collecting blood sample: cIPV-bOPV-bOPV, cIPV-tOPV-tOPV, cIPV-cIPV-bOPV, cIPV-cIPV-tOPV, cIPV-cIPV-cIPV, and tOPV-tOPV-tOPV; and will be proactively followed up for observing adverse events after the first dose and 30 days after all doses. Antibodies of type 1, 2, and 3 poliovirus were tested 30 days after the third dose. The primary study objective was to investigate immunogenicity and safety profile of different vaccine schedules, evaluated by seroconversion, seroprotection and antibody titre against poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3 in the per-protocol population.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Eligible participants were healthy full-term (37-42 weeks) infants aged 60-90 days who weighed more than 2·5 kg at birth with no obvious medical disorders, no polio vaccination, no immunoglobulin vaccinated, no other attenuated vaccine immured in the past 14 days and no other inactivated vaccine immured.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Participants were excluded if meet one or more of following criteria: were or were at risk of immunodeficiency, severe allergic reaction, acute fever and infectious diseases, severe chronic diseases, family history of allergies, convulsions, seizures, encephalopathy and psychiatric diseases, oral steroids at least 14 consecutive days in the past month, axillary temperature equal or greater than 38·0°C in the past three days, diarrhea (defection frequency equal or greater than three times per day) in the past seven days, and participated in other drug clinical trials.
Comparing Real-time fMRI Neurofeedback Versus Sham for Altering Limbic and Eating Disturbances in Anorexia Nervosa

The goal of the purposed research is to extend prior work (STUDY00003758: Real-time fMRI Neurofeedback to Alter Limbic Disturbances in Anorexia Nervosa) on real-time fMRI (rt-fMRI) neurofeedback (focused on amygdala down-regulation) as an innovative neurocircuitry-targeted intervention for anorexia nervosa (AN). This project will include randomization to rt-fMRI or a sham controlled group to answer the following important unresolved question: Does a patient-led procedure aimed at altering brain activity impact limbic circuit function and key eating disorder and psychiatric symptoms in AN above the effect of a matched, but non-targeted sham condition?

Aim 1: Establish that rt-fMRI neurofeedback of limbic activity can correct neural disturbances in AN. Hypothesis 1: Compared to the sham group, the amygdala neurofeedback group will show reduced amygdala activation to aversive images, which will increase with repeated training. This effect will generalize to non-neurofeedback test runs. Hypothesis 2: Compared to the sham group, the amygdala neurofeedback group will exhibit enhanced task and resting amygdala-prefrontal cortex (PFC) connectivity, which will increase with repeated training. Enhanced amygdala-PFC connectivity will be associated with less amygdala reactivity to aversive images during the emotion regulation task.

Aim 2: Identify the impact of rt-fMRI neurofeedback targeting limbic functioning on symptoms of AN. Hypothesis 1: Compared to the sham group, the amygdala neurofeedback group will exhibit improvements in self-reported emotion regulation and eating disorder symptoms over the study visits. Hypothesis 2: Compared to the sham group, the amygdala neurofeedback group will engage in less restrictive eating (i.e., will consume more calories) at a post-training test meal. Hypothesis 3: Across groups, decreased aversive amygdala reactivity and enhanced amygdala-PFC connectivity will predict reduced emotion dysregulation and eating disorder symptoms, and less restriction.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* DSM-5 diagnosis of AN, with the exception of body image disturbance and intense fear of weight gain
* Ability to read and speak in English
* Right-handed

Exclusion Criteria:

* Medical instability or current pregnancy (self-reported)
* Acute suicidality, current substance use disorder, psychosis, or mania
* Contraindication for fMRI as determined by CMRR safety screening standards
* History of neurological disorder/injury (e.g., stroke; head injury with \> 10 minutes loss of consciousness)
A Drug-Drug Interaction Study of Digoxin and PA21

The purpose of this study is to determine if Digoxin is affected by PA21.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Healthy volunteers
* Written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* No significant medical conditions
* Pregnancy
Duration of Protective Effect From Inhaled Ipratropium Bromide on Methacholine Airway Hyperresponsiveness

Certain lung disease medications can influence diagnostic tests and research investigations. This study will investigate how long ipratropium bromide must be withheld before a methacholine challenge test can be conducted. This information will be useful for validating current guidelines.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of asthma; stable and controlled
* FEV1 greater than or equal to 65% predicted

Exclusion Criteria:

* Concomitant lung disease other than asthma
Early Basal Insulin Administration in Adult Diabetic Ketoacidosis Management

Early Basal Insulin Administration in Adult Diabetic Ketoacidosis Management

The transition from IV Insulin Infusion (IVII) to Subcutaneous Long-acting insulin injections in Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) management frequently results in rebound hyperglycemia, particularly if there are high insulin requirements that can adversely affect the DKA recovery, increase Length Of Stay (LOS), morbidity, and mortality. Investigators propose a prospective, open-label, intervention, non-randomized, controlled study to test the hypothesis that an insulin glargine dose of 0.4 Units/kg early administered (within four hours) of IVII initiation in DKA management in adult would be effective and safe in shortening the time to anion gap closure comparing to the standard practice.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Age ≥ 18 years old
* Meet DKA definition (BG ≥ 250 mg/dl, Anion Gap \> 12 mEq/L, and positive Ketones in serum or urine)
* Having the capacity to sign Informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* IV insulin infusion was initiated for more than 4 hours.
* Persistent hypotension (SBP\<80 mmHg despite receiving 1000cc normal saline).
* Require Vasopressor
* Acute Coronary Syndrome
* Pregnant
* End-stage renal disease
* Unwilling to consent to participate in the trial
* Currently under police custody
* Transferred from another hospital
* Require emergent surgery
Comparative Effect of Clear Aligner Mandibular Advancement and Twin Block Appliances in Class II Malocclusion

The goal of this retrospective observational study is to compare the effects of Clear Aligner Mandibular Advancement (MA) and Twin Block (TB) appliances in treating Class II malocclusion, a condition where the lower jaw is underdeveloped. The main questions it aims to answer are:

1. Does mandibular advancement with clear aligners improve jaw and dental alignment as effectively as Twin Block appliances?
2. What are the differences in soft tissue changes, such as chin advancement and lip position, between these two treatments?

Researchers will compare MA and TB appliances to an untreated control group to evaluate their impact on skeletal, dental, and soft tissue outcomes. Participants in the study underwent cephalometric analysis (X-ray measurements) both before and after treatment to assess changes in jaw positioning, overbite, and overjet. The study focuses on how each treatment affects facial aesthetics and dental function.

Participants in the study will:

* Undergo treatment with either clear aligner mandibular advancement or Twin Block appliances.
* Attend follow-up appointments to monitor progress and assess treatment outcomes.

Supplementary information for Study Design It was a retrospective study that collected patients' routine treatment X-rays (before and after treatment) to measure some angular and linear parameters from the X-rays.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients who have completed MA or TB treatment at the West China Hospital of Stomatology Orthodontic Department.
* Pretreatment lateral cephalometric radiographs showing cervical vertebral maturation stage (CVSM) II or III.
* Patients in the mixed dentition or early permanent dentition stages.
* Class II Division 1 malocclusion according to Angle's classification
* ANB angle \&gt; 4°; SNB ≤ 78°.
* Comprehensive medical records and necessary data available pre- and post-treatment.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Missing teeth, supernumerary teeth, or severe dental malformations affecting function.
* Poor oral hygiene.
* Systemic diseases or congenital deformities.
* History of dental or maxillofacial trauma.
* Incomplete or missing records.