Efficiency of the Bibliotherapy Method in Developing Cultural Intelligence and Competencies of Nurses

The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the developmental bibliotherapy method in developing the cultural intelligence and competence of nurses.

The study will be carried out in an embedded intervention research model using a combination design (Quantitative + Qualitative) in the intervention design, which is one of the advanced mixed methods designs. In the embedded mixed research model where the quantitative approach is dominant, randomized controlled experimental research and qualitative research will be conducted simultaneously.

1.1. Research questions for the qualitative phase 1.1.1. Research questions for the exploratory phase Q1. How successful are nurses in distinguishing the cultural differences of the individuals they care for? Q2. What are nurses\&#39; views on cross-cultural nursing care? Q4. How do nurses approach the culturally-based behaviors of the individuals they care for? Q5. What are the cultural experiences that nurses have with the individuals they care for?

1.1.2. Research questions for the integrative phase Q1. What are the contributions of the books read to the cultural intelligence and competence of nurses? Q2. What are the contributions of the stories read to the cultural intelligence and competence of nurses? Q3. What are the contributions of the watched movie to the cultural intelligence and competence of nurses?

1.1.3. Research questions for the explanatory phase Q1. What effect did bibliotherapy practice have on nurses\&#39; cultural intelligence? Q2. What impact did bibliotherapy practice have on nurses\&#39; cultural competence?

1.2. Research hypotheses of the quantitative phase

1. H1. Bibliotherapy intervention will increase the cultural intelligence levels of the nurses in the study group.
2. H1. The cultural intelligence levels of the nurses in the study group will be higher than the nurses in the control group.
3. H1. Bibliotherapy intervention will increase the cultural competence of the nurses in the study group.
4. H1. The cultural competence of the nurses in the study group will be higher than the nurses in the control group.

The population of the study consists of undergraduate nurses working in Eskisehir in Türkiye. The sample of the research is; In Farokhzadian et al.'s study, cultural competence levels were reported for nursing students at the beginning (151.89±26.88) and 1 month after the intervention (184.37±22.43) in a 6-week training program implemented in a mixed design to improve cultural competence. Assuming a power of 80%, a margin of error of 0.05 and 1:1 randomization, using the values (Farokhzadian et al., 2022) as reference, it will consist of 22 nurses, 11 people in each group. Assuming that there may be losses in the study, it is planned to include 30 nurses in the study sample, with 15 people in each group, an increase of 35%.

The data collection process of the research, which will be conducted with a mixed design, will be carried out in 4 stages; In the first stage, before randomization, qualitative data will be collected by conducting in-depth interviews with all nurses included in the study through a semi-structured form for the exploratory part of the qualitative research. In the second stage, a pre-test will be applied to the study and control groups. In the third stage, data will be collected only from the study group, and will be collected in writing from the participants through a structured form for the integrative phase of the qualitative research. In the final stage, a post-test will be applied to both groups 3 months after the pre-test application, and qualitative data will be collected by conducting in-depth interviews with the nurses in the study group individually through a semi-structured form for the explanatory part of the qualitative research. The meetings will be held one-on-one via Google Meet and will be video recorded.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Being a graduate nurse
* Having at least 5 years of working experience
* Working in any health institution in Eskişehir, Turkey
* Being interested and willing to read books

Exclusion Criteria:

* Not giving verbal and written consent to participate in the research.
* Working in a unit that provides outpatient treatment
* Having received post-graduate training in cross-cultural nursing