Phase I Study of GN-037 Cream for Psoriasis

In this Phase I study, three different doses (low, medium and high dose, on the basis of surface area applied) of GN-037 cream (12 volunteers in total) and placebo (6 volunteers in total) will be administered to healthy volunteers. In the active dose arm, 4 healthy volunteers will receive GN-037 cream and 2 healthy volunteers will receive placebo. Randomization in each dose arm will be 2:1.

In this single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, and two-stage Phase I study, it was planned to evaluate the safety, tolerability and clinical efficacy of topically applied GN-037 cream in healthy volunteers and patients diagnosed with plaque psoriasis.

In this Phase I study, three different doses (low, medium and high dose, on the basis of surface area applied) of GN-037 cream (12 volunteers in total) and placebo (6 volunteers in total) will be administered to healthy volunteers. In the active dose arm, 4 healthy volunteers will receive GN-037 cream and 2 healthy volunteers will receive placebo. Randomization in each dose arm will be 2:1.

The study will be performed in two stages; healthy volunteers and patients. After consenting procedures, all subjects will be evaluated for their eligibility for the study. An electronic case report form (e-CRF) specially designed for this study will be used to record the data of the screened volunteers. This e-CRF will assign a volunteer number to each volunteer, as well as providing randomization.

During the screening visit (day 0), a swab for the real-time RT-PCR COVID-19 test will be obtained from all subjects before hospitalization who met the study criteria and gave informed voluntary consent, following the physical examination and screening tests, the volunteers will be interned at the clinic for overnight observation. Hospitalization will be carried out for app 24 hours.

In the healthy subject section of the study, GN-037 cream containing urea, salicylic acid, retinoic acid and clobetasol 17-propionate and matching placebo will be applied to 18 healthy volunteers and will be tested as low dose, medium dose and high dose according to the surface area to be applied in the selected target area. A placebo will be administered to a total of 6 healthy volunteers. All applications will be performed by the investigators during the initial application period and subjects will continue applications as instructed.

GN-037 cream and placebo application will be divided into different stages according to the dose groups specified below, and all volunteers will not be applied on the same day. The study will first start with the administration of low dose GN-037 cream and placebo and will continue through increasing the dosage, hence the applied surface area

* Low dose: 6 healthy volunteers in an area of 5 cm2 in the knee and/or elbow area.
* Medium dose: 6 healthy volunteers on an area of 15 cm2 in the knee and/or elbow area.
* High dose: 6 healthy volunteers will be applied a thin film of GN-037 cream or placebo to an area of 30 cm2 in the knee and/or elbow region, twice a day, morning and evening, for 14 days.

Placebo product will resemble the active products in weight, color and texture.

6 healthy volunteers who were admitted to the clinic at the screening visit will be randomized 2:1 to the low-dose GN-037 cream (n=4) or low-dose placebo (n=2) arm on day 1 of the study. Volunteers in the low dose group will be evaluated for safety data on day 10. If these safety results are found to be appropriate, 6 more healthy volunteers will be recruited for medium dose administration and will be randomized in a 2:1 ratio, with 4 volunteers assigned to the GN-037 cream arm and 2 volunteers to the placebo arm. After safety assessment high dose administration will be initiated. High dose group, will be randomized at a ratio of 2:1; as active:placebo and after final safety evaluation patients with plaque psoriasis (n=6) will be included in the study. All inclusion and efficacy/safety evaluations will be performed by a dermatologist.

All subjects will be treated for 14 days (active and placebo) and a final safety evaluation will be performed on day 19. Study drugs will be collected on this visit and the cream usage will be measured by weighing the used cream tubes. On day 28, a telephone visit will be performed for final safety evaluation.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria: Healthy Volunteers

1. Male and female healthy volunteers aged 18-65 years\*
2. Volunteers who were informed about participation in the study and agreed to give their written informed consent.
3. Volunteers with negative qPCR SARS-CoV-2 result in nasopharyngeal or sputum samples
4. Volunteers in good general health (without any known disease in the history and physical examination in the 14 days before participating in the study)
5. Volunteers with negative HIV, Hepatitis B and C tests
6. Volunteers with negative alcohol breath test
7. Volunteers with negative urine addictive drug screening test (amphetamine, barbiturate, benzodiazepine, cannabinoid, cocaine, opiate)
8. Volunteers who agreed not to be exposed to the direct sun light during the study
9. Female volunteers of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test at the screening visit and must agree to use an effective method of contraception throughout the study
10. Volunteers who can comply with all scheduled visits, laboratory tests and other study procedures \* The principal investigator will take the necessary measures to ensure that the representation

Exclusion Criteria Healthy Volunteers

1. Subjects with known hypersensitivity to any component of the study drug
2. Female volunteers who are pregnant or breastfeeding or have a positive pregnancy test
3. Volunteers with a history of chronic or acute infections requiring treatment with systemic antibiotics, antivirals, antiparasitics, antiprotozoals, or antifungals within 4 weeks prior to the screening visit
4. Patients with skin atrophy, pigmentation or extensive scarring that would preclude study evaluation at targeted treatment sites
5. Patients with other inflammatory skin disease (eg, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, eczema, tinea corporis) that, in the investigator's opinion, may affect study evaluations at targeted treatment sites
6. Volunteers using moisturizing or skin softening ointment/lotion/cream on their intended treatment site within 3 days prior to enrollment in the study.
7. Volunteers who cannot come to the study center for follow-up visits
8. Volunteers taking part in another clinical study concurrently
9. Volunteers with positive urine addictive drug screening test and/or alcohol test

Inclusion Criteria For psoriatic patients

1. Male and female patients aged 18-65 years\*
2. Patients who were informed about participation in the study and agreed to give their written informed consent.
3. Patients with negative qPCR SARS-CoV-2 result in nasopharynx or sputum samples
4. Patients diagnosed with plaque psoriasis by a dermatologist at least 6 months before inclusion in the study
5. Patients whose lesions are less than 5% of the body surface area (BSA)
6. Patients who did not receive local or systemic treatment for plaque psoriasis, or who received the last psoriasis treatment 28 days or more before
7. Patients who are confirmed to be healthy by medical history and physical examination and who do not have any clinically significant disease/condition other than plaque psoriasis that could affect the study evaluation.
8. Patients with disease severity with Physician's Global Assessment (IGA) score ≥3 (moderate) as an overall assessment of all lesions to be treated
9. Patients with negative HIV, Hepatitis B and C tests
10. Patients with negative alcohol breath test
11. Patients with negative urine addictive drug screening test (amphetamine, barbiturate, benzodiazepine, cannabinoid, cocaine, opiate)
12. Patients who agreed not to be exposed to the sun during the study
13. Female patients of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test at the screening visit and must agree to use an effective method of contraception throughout the study
14. Patients who can comply with all scheduled visits, laboratory tests, and other study procedures \* The principal investigator will take the necessary measures to ensure that the representation of females and males is equal.

Exclusion criteria For psoriatic patients

1. Patients with known hypersensitivity to any component of the study drug
2. Pregnant or lactating or female patients with a positive pregnancy test
3. Patients who require any other medication (topical or systemic) that may affect the course of the disease during the study period (eg antibiotics, antihistamines)
4. Patients with a history of chronic or acute infections requiring treatment with systemic antibiotics, antivirals, antiparasitics, antiprotozoals, or antifungals within 4 weeks prior to the screening visit
5. Patients with skin atrophy, pigmentation, or extensive scarring that would preclude evaluation of study drug efficacy at targeted treatment sites
6. Patients with other inflammatory skin disease (eg, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, eczema, tinea corporis) that, in the investigator's opinion, may affect study evaluations at targeted treatment sites
7. Patients diagnosed with pustular, guttate, inverse, exfoliative or erythrodermic psoriasis at targeted treatment sites
8. Patients with a history of psoriasis unresponsive to topical treatments
9. Patients who used moisturizer or skin softening ointment/lotion/cream to the intended treatment areas within 3 days prior to enrolling in the study.
10. Patients who cannot come to the study center for follow-up visits
11. Patients taking part in another clinical study concurrently
12. Patients with positive urine addictive drug screening test and/or alcohol test