A Phase 3 Trial of Brentuximab Vedotin(SGN-35) Versus Physician's Choice (Methotrexate or Bexarotene) in Participants With CD30-Positive Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma (ALCANZA Study)

The purpose of this study is to determine objective response rate (ORR), lasting at least 4 months (ORR4), with brentuximab vedotin in participants with cluster of differentiation antigen 30 positive (CD30+) cutaneous T-cell lymphoma \[mycosis fungoides (MF) and primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (pcALCL) \]compared to that achieved with therapy in the control arm.

The drug being tested in this study is called brentuximab vedotin. Brentuximab vedotin is being tested to treat people who have CD30+ cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (mycosis fungoides and primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma). This study will look at the overall response of people who took brentuximab vedotin compared to people who took methotrexate or bexarotene as standard care.

The study enrolled 131 patients. Participants will be randomly assigned (by chance, like flipping a coin) to one of the two treatment groups-which will remain undisclosed to the participant and study doctor during the study (unless there is an urgent medical need):

* Methotrexate 5 to 50 mg or Bexarotene 300 mg/m\^2 (as per physician's choice)
* Brentuximab vedotin 1.8 mg/kg

This multicenter trial is being conducted worldwide. The overall time to participate in this study is approximately 6 years. Participants will make multiple visits to the clinic every 12 weeks for a minimum of 24 months after the end of treatment (EOT) visit, and then every 6 months until death, study closure, or 6 years after enrollment of the last participant.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Voluntary consent form
* Male or female participants 18 years or older with diagnosis of mycosis fungoides (MF) or primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (pcALCL)
* Participants with pcALCL who have received prior radiation therapy or at least 1 prior systemic therapy; participants with MF who have received at least 1 prior systemic therapy
* Histologically confirmed CD30+ disease by central laboratory assessment and pathology review
* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status ≤ 2
* Female participants who are post menopausal, surgically sterile, or agree to practice 2 effective methods of contraception or agree to practice true abstinence, when this is in line with the preferred and usual lifestyle of the participant
* Male participants who agree to practice effective barrier contraception or agree to practice true abstinence, when this is in line with the preferred and usual lifestyle of the participant
* Clinical laboratory values as specified in protocol
* A 3-week washout period is required from previous treatments (with the exception of a 12-week washout for antibody-directed or immunoglobulin-based immune therapy, or other monoclonal antibody therapies), unless it is not in the best interest of the patient in the opinion of the investigator. Individual cases should be discussed with the project clinician before enrollment.

Exclusion Criteria:

* A concurrent diagnosis of systemic ALCL, or other non Hodgkin lymphoma (excluding LyP) or Sezary syndrome or B2 disease
* Participants with cardiovascular conditions specified in protocols
* Participants with history of another primary malignancy not in remission for at least 3 years
* Known active cerebral/meningeal disease, including signs or symptoms of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML);
* Known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, hepatitis B or Hepatitis C infection
* Oral retinoid therapy for any indication within 3 weeks of study entry
* Corticosteroid therapy within 3 weeks or immunosuppressive chemotherapy or any antibody-directed or immunoglobulin-based immune therapy (e.g., immunoglobulin replacement, other monoclonal antibody therapies) within 12 weeks of first dose of study drug
* Female participants who are lactating and breastfeeding or have a positive serum pregnancy test during the screening period or a positive urine pregnancy test on Day 1 of any cycle
* Previous receipt of brentuximab vedotin Please note that there are additional inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study center will determine if you meet all of the criteria.

Site personnel will explain the trial in detail and answer any question you may have if you do qualify for the study. You can then decide whether or not you wish to participate. If you do not qualify for the trial, site personnel will explain the reasons.