Safety and Efficacy Study of Repeat Treatment With PurTox® Botulinum Toxin Type A for Frown Lines Between the Eyebrows

The overall purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of repeat treatment of an intramuscular dose of Mentor Purified Toxin for the reduction of frown lines, compared with placebo.

The purpose of this a randomized withdrawal Phase III, multi-center research study is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of repeat treatment with an intramuscular dose of Mentor Purified Toxin in the reduction of glabellar rhytides (frown lines). Approximately 700 subjects will be enrolled at approximately 12 clinical sites in the U.S.A.

Effectiveness will be determined by the degree of frown line reduction, during maximum forced frown and at rest (neutral expression):

* as assessed live by the study doctor,
* as assessed live by the subject, and;
* as assessed by an independent reviewer based on subject photographs

Frown lines are graded on level of severity based on this scale:

Severity

* Minimal (0)
* Mild (1)
* Moderate (2)
* Severe (3)

There are two parts to this study. In the first part, all study participants will receive treatment with an intramuscular injection of 30 Units of Mentor Purified Toxin on two separate occasions (Cycles 1 and 2) no more than 6 months apart. In the second part of the study (Cycle 3), subjects will be randomly assigned to receive either intramuscular injections of 30 Units of Mentor Purified Toxin or placebo (preservative-free saline) and subjects will be followed for 1 month (3:1, PurTox : placebo).

Each subject will receive five intramuscular injections for a total of 0.5 mL of study drug in the glabellar area, during each treatment visit. Participation takes place over a maximum of 14 months, including Part 1 (Cycle 1 and 2) and Part 2 (Cycle 3). The number of clinic visits will vary from person to person depending upon the subject's response to the study drug, but will range from approximately 9 to 19 clinic visits. There will also be up to 4 telephone follow-up contacts.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Male or female subjects who are 18 years of age or older (subjects should have an interest in the effacement of glabellar rhytides) with or without previous botulinum Toxin Type A exposure;
2. In good physical and mental health as determined by the investigator based on medical history, physical examination, and/or clinical laboratory tests;
3. Noticeable presence of the glabellar rhytides for a period of 6 months or longer;
4. Score at least a 2 (moderate severity) at baseline screening on the investigator's and subject's assessments (reference photographs provided) at forced frown; and
5. Capable of understanding and complying with the protocol and must have signed the informed consent document prior to performance of any study-related procedures.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. A history of psychiatric problems that, in the investigator's opinion, is severe enough potentially to interfere with subject outcomes;
2. A history of autoimmune disease, that, in the opinion of the investigator, might interfere with subject outcomes (e.g., osteoarthritis is not considered an exclusion criteria; however, subjects with dermatomyositis are not permitted to participate in this study);
3. A history or presence of clinically significant cardiovascular, respiratory, hepatic/biliary, renal, gastrointestinal, endocrinological, or neurological disorders constituting a possible risk factor that, in the investigator's opinion, is severe enough potentially to interfere with subject outcomes;
4. Inability to substantially efface glabellar lines by manually spreading skin apart;
5. Eyelid ptosis;
6. Myasthenia gravis (from medical history or diseases of neurotransmission);
7. Current history of facial nerve paralysis;
8. Concurrent dermatologic disease of the face in the glabellar area that is deemed by the investigator to make the subject an inappropriate candidate for the study;
9. Recent flu-like syndrome that, in the investigator's opinion, is severe enough potentially to interfere with subject outcomes;
10. Neuromuscular disorder that, in the investigator's opinion, is severe enough potentially to interfere with subject outcomes;
11. Active multisystems disease that, in the investigator's opinion, might influence the outcome measures or the safety of the subject;
12. Has any condition(s) that in the investigator's opinion would a) warrant exclusion from the study, or b) prevent the subject from completing the study;
13. Currently receiving aminoglycoside antibiotic therapy, curare-like drugs, quinidine, succinylcholine, polymyxins, anticholinesterases, magnesium sulfate, or lincosamides;
14. Has taken any investigational drug during the 30 days prior to screening visit;
15. Have had Botulinum Toxin treatments to the glabellar and/or forehead area during the 6 months prior to screening visit;
16. Have had dermal filler treatment to glabellar area during the 6 months prior to screening visit;
17. Female subjects who are pregnant or lactating. Female subjects who are of childbearing potential must have negative urine pregnancy test results prior to enrollment into the study. Such subjects, including peri-menopausal women who have had a menstrual period within one year, must be using appropriate birth control (see protocol/informed consent for description);
18. Unwilling or unable to comply with the protocol or to cooperate fully with the investigator and site personnel; and
19. Unable to understand verbal and/or written English or any other language in which a certified translation of the informed consent document is available.