cyrilzakka/clinical-trials huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Resonance & Optical Spectroscopy Validation

The purpose of this study is to develop and refine techniques for using magnetic resonance and optical spectroscopy to investigate how your body uses energy.

Primary Study Objective:

To evaluate the reproducibility of acquiring multi-nuclear data on a new 3T Philips Magnet in conjunction with Optical Spectroscopy.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Male or female
* Age 18 - 89
* Healthy (self assessed)
* Weight under 350lbs
* Able to walk 50 yards without stopping
* Able to travel to hospital for study visits
* Able to follow a 3-step command
* Able to remain in magnetic resonance (MR) scanner for up to 2 hours

Exclusion Criteria:

* Have internal metal medical devices, including cardiac pacemakers, aortic or cerebral aneurysm clips, artificial heart valves, ferromagnetic implants, shrapnel, wire sutures, joint replacements, bone or joint pins/rods/screws, metal fragments in your eye, or non-removable jewelry such as rings.
* Are unwilling or unable to complete the imaging procedures for the duration of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan due to claustrophobia or other reason.
* Serious mental illness that might preclude subject's ability to comply with study treatment
* Are pregnant or plan on becoming pregnant in the next 8 weeks.
* History of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE)
* Varicose Veins
* Known genetic factor (Factor V Leiden, etc.) or hypercoagulable state, including cancer, leukemia - such as chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML), hemoglobinopathies - such as sickle-cell disease and multiple myeloma and other proteinopathies.
* Diagnosed peripheral arterial or vascular disease
* Family history of primary DVT or PE
* Peripheral neuropathy
* History of chronic venous stasis or lower extremity edema
* Female taking hormonal birth control (oral or otherwise) AND smoker
Histoacryl™ vs. Suture for Mesh Fixation in Lichtenstein Hernioplasty: A Randomized Prospective Double-Blinded Study

This is a prospective, randomized double-blinded study to find out if mesh fixation with n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA) are more painless than conventional mesh fixation with sutures in inguinal hernia operation (Lichtenstein procedure) in day-case surgery. Our hypothesis is that glue fixation is safe, simple and fast method compared to conventional Lichtenstein technique.

Hypothesis:

1. To use glue (instead of sutures) for mesh fixation during open hernioplasty causes a lower immediate postoperative pain.
2. The use of Histoacryl is associated to a lower postoperative complications rate.
3. The use of Histoacryl is not associated to a higher hernia recurrence rate.

Methods:

350 patients with inguinal hernia undergone Lichtenstein operation in day-case surgery setting. Mesh fixation is performed using 2 methods: cyanoacrylate glue: Histoacryl™ (n=175: Group H), and non-absorbable sutures: polypropylene 2/0 (n=175: Group S). Operative time and pain scores, immediate postoperative outcome are followed 1, 7, 30 days and 1 and 5 years postoperatively.

Surgeon doesn't know previously which fixation method will be used in each patient. This method (glue or sutures) is decided intraoperatively, when mesh is placed, using a blind randomization code (www.randomizer.org) Patients are discharged (day-case surgery) if adequate pain control, oral tolerance and spontaneous diuresis is achieved, and after examination by the surgeon in order to discard immediate complications. Postoperative oral treatment is prescribed to patients of both groups: dexketoprofen 25 mg/8 h + paracetamol 1 gr/8.

Follow-up is performed at the medical office by a blind observer (third surgeon) who didn't participate in the surgical procedure, at 1 day, 7 days, 30 days, 1 year and annually thereafter. Pain is measured using a VAS scale (0-10).

Operative data (including operating time, complications, hospital stay, etc.), early and late complications, acute and chronic pain and recurrence rate will be recorded.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* unilateral inguinal hernia
* primary hernia

Exclusion Criteria:

* femoral hernia
* recurrent inguinal hernia
* immunosuppression (including corticosteroids, radiotherapy, chemotherapy)
* chronic renal failure (hemodialysis)
* active infection
* pregnancy
* allergy to polypropylene
* patient's refusal
Evaluating Potential Risk of Choking by Laryngeal Ultrasound in Patients With Acute Stroke

The investigators evaluate the vocal cord movement in patients with acute stroke by ultrasound. The occurrence of choking or aspiration pneumonia will be collected in one year after the index stroke.

Post-stroke dysphagia is a common complication for the stroke patient. It may cause aspiration, poor nutrition or even pneumonia; thus, it is crucial for the physicians to evaluate the swallowing function of the stroke patients. However, the evaluation methods nowadays still have some limitations. Water swallowing test is one of the well-known methods, but the test itself would put the patients at risk of aspiration. Furthermore, in order to increase the sensitivity of the water swallowing test, the amount of the water should also be increased; as a consequence, the risk of aspiration will also increase. Fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of the swallowing and videofluoroscopy have limitations of invasiveness. The laryngeal ultrasound to evaluate the vocal cord movement can be an alternative method, having the characteristics of non-invasiveness and repeat evaluation.

The investigators aim to evaluate the vocal cord movement in patients with acute stroke by ultrasound. The occurrence of choking or aspiration pneumonia will be collected in one year after the index stroke.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* acute stroke (in one month) patients

Exclusion Criteria:

* patients with stroke occurring more than one month ago
tDCS, Moral Decision-Making, fMRI

Morality is the social rule about appropriateness of the behavior, containing concepts of justice, fairness, and rights. Previous studies suggested that the activation of right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ) should be involved in mental state reasoning in moral cognition. Implicit moral attitude, which reflects people's fundamental beliefs about right and wrong, could be assessed by implicit association test on moral scenarios (mIAT), as indicated by the D scores. According to our previous findings, we postulate that, during moral decision-making, the high D group would have less rTPJ involvement and the low D group would have more. Here we applied tDCS, a non-invasive neuromodulation technique, to modulate cortical excitability in rTPJ.

Based on our postulation, we divided participants into high D and low D group and hypothesized that tDCS over rTPJ would modulate the behavior depending on the group. The results revealed that, in aspect of mIAT, implicit moral attitude could be modulated differently depending on the group via tDCS over rTPJ. In addition, hemodynamic response within rTPJ showed a main effect of tDCS while carrying out the helping behavior. In conclusion, these findings indicated that tDCS over rTPJ could modulate the implicit moral attitude as well as the rTPJ activity during moral action.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* healthy volunteers, are all ethnic Chinese, right-handed, and aged between 20 to 30 years old

Exclusion Criteria:

* any history of psychiatry or neurological disorders (e.g., dementia, seizures), head injury, and alcohol or substance abuse
Assessment of Changes of Periocular Skin Sensation Following Eyelid and Ocular Surface Surgeries

The aim of the study: Assessment of Changes of Periocular Skin Sensation Following Eyelid and Ocular Surface Surgeries.

Study design: an interventional study that will be conducted at the ophthalmology department, Meir hospital, Kfar Saba, Israel.

the study will include 60 healthy patients, at the ages of 40-80, which are candidates for eyelid surgery: blepharoptosis repair, blepharoplasty, ectropion repair and entropion repair.

The patients will be recruited from Meir's ophthalmology outpatient clinic. Each patient will undergo a full ophthalmologic examination including relevant assessment of the specific eyelid pathology.

The eyelid's sensation will be assessed at 6 points of the eyelid using the Cochet-Bonnet filament-type aesthesiometer (Luneau Ophtalmologie, Paris, France). Measurements will take place before surgery, and two weeks, three months and six months after surgery.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Ability to give consent
* Eyelid pathology: blepharoptosis, blepharochalasis, ectropion or entropion, with no additional eyelid pathology

Exclusion Criteria:

* Children and pregnant women
* Previous eyelid surgery
* A systemic disease influencing eyelid position
* Any neurologic disease
* Previous facial herpetic infection
Evaluating the Feasibility of VR for Pediatric Renal Biopsies

The purpose of this study is to assess the use of virtual reality (VR) as an adjunct or alternative to pharmacologic sedation in pediatric patients undergoing renal biopsy.

Children aged 5-17 scheduled for renal biopsy will be offered the option to use a virtual reality (VR) headset that displays an interactive game as part of their renal biopsy experience. The standard of care of sedation medications will still be available to patients who are unable to complete the procedure with only the VR headset without pharmacologic sedation. Pain and anxiety will be monitored continuously using validated scales by a pediatric hospitalist and sedation nurse. These providers, as well as patients and parents, may ask for additional medications for adequate analgesia and anxiolysis.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

- Patients age 5-17 receiving a renal biopsy at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Benioff Children's Hospital

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients who cannot lie supine for their renal biopsy will be excluded from the study
* Patients with injuries to the head/face that would prohibit wearing a headset
* Patients with loss of consciousness, altered mental status, life-threatening injuries/illness or multi-trauma
* Patients with open skin, lice, scabies, or other infectious skin conditions on the head/face
* Patients with a history of or current symptoms of vertigo
* Patients who are blind
* Patients with significant developmental or cognitive delays who may not be able to engage with or tolerate the virtual reality environment, as determined by their parent/caregiver
* Patients on whom the VR headset does not fit appropriately
Study to Analyze the Clinical and Cost Impact of Complete and Incomplete Rotarix Vaccination

This study aims to estimate the clinical and cost impact of Rotarix vaccinations among children aged less than 5 years using insurance claims data from commercial plans and Medicaid low-income population. The impact of incomplete and complete Rotarix vaccination will also be examined, overall and stratified by calendar time of Rotarix vaccination (e.g., 2008 onward).

Insurance claims data from the MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters Database {MarketScan Commercial (2000-2010)} and the MarketScan Multi-State Medicaid Database {MarketScan Medicaid (2002-2009)} will be analyzed separately; no merging of the databases will occur.

The claims data extracts are fully de-identified and compliant with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (U.S.) (HIPAA).

The children will be observed from birth to the earliest of end of continuous eligibility (due to disenrollment, data cut-off, or death) or 5 years of age. Observation time will be classified using two different definitions of Rotarix vaccination coverage, and analyses will be conducted for each different scenario.

The two definitions for Rotarix vaccination coverage are:

1. Rotarix vaccination according to compliance with the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)-specified vaccination window of 6 weeks to 8 months old.
2. Rotarix vaccination according to compliance with the Rotarix prescribing information (PI) window of 6 weeks to 6 months old.

All outcomes will be analysed for 1) vaccination coverage according to compliance with the ACIP vaccination window, and 2) vaccination coverage according to compliance with PI vaccination window; for both Rotarix vaccination coverage scenarios there will be four cohorts.

An additional 'complete Rotarix vaccination off-ACIP/off-PI' cohort will be created if more than 5 percent of total person-time in the four cohorts would be complete vaccination if vaccine doses outside of the vaccination window were considered.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Continuously enrolled from birth. (Note: Due to the absence of birth dates in insurance claims data, this inclusion criterion will be met if a child's year of first enrollment and year of birth are the same. If so, then the date of first enrollment will be used as proxy for date of birth.)
* Received both medical and pharmacy benefits.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Enrolled in capitation-based health plans.
* For MarketScan Commercial, residence in states with universal vaccination programs that include the RV vaccine or where RV vaccine inclusion cannot be ascertained (i.e., Alaska, Idaho, Massachusetts, Maine, North Dakota, New Hampshire, New Mexico, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, Washington, Wisconsin, and Wyoming).
* Received any Rotateq vaccination.
* Lost to follow-up prior to end of vaccination window or had RV prior to end of vaccination window.
Nd:YAG Laser Vitreolysis for Symptomatic Vitreous Floaters

The goal of this clinical trial is to compare in the efficacy and safety of Nd:YAG laser vitreolysis for symptomatic vitreous floaters. The main question it aims to answer are:

• examine the efficacy and safety in treating early onset of vitreous floaters （Weiss ring） using Nd:YAG laser vitreolysis.

Participants with symptomatic floaters for one month will be randomly divided into two groups：early treatment group and delayed treatment group. Participants in the early treatment group will receive a YAG laser vitreolysis immediately and a sham laser treatment three months later, while participants in the delayed treatment group will receive a sham laser treatment immediately and a YAG laser vitreolysis three months late.

Researchers will compare the two groups to see the efficacy and safety of early YAG laser vitreolysis for symptomatic vitreous floaters.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Self-rating of visual disturbance by the floaters must be at least 4 on a 0-10 scale, with 0 being no symptoms to 10 being debilitating symptoms.
2. Symptomatic Weiss ring (PVD) must be at least 2mm away from the retina and 5 mm from the posterior lens capsule of the crystalline lens, as measured on B-scan. For pseudophakic patients, there is no minimum required distance from the intraocular lens.
3. Able to position for the YAG laser procedure.
4. Accept the risks of YAG laser including but not limited to retinal detachment, intraocular hemorrhage, retinal damage, cataract formation, optic nerve damage, inflammation, and irreversible loss of vision.
5. Willing and able to comply with clinic visits and study-related procedures
6. If the patient has two symptomatic eyes, only one eye can be randomized and included in the study.
7. Provide signed informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

1. History of retinal tear, retinal detachment, or uveitis in the study eye
2. History of diabetic retinopathy, macular edema, retinal vein occlusion, or aphakia in the study eye
3. History of glaucoma or high intraocular pressure defined as having a history of glaucoma surgery or currently taking two or more topical glaucoma medications in the study eye
Vitamin D Supplementation and Effects on Mood in Emergency Medicine Residents

Seasonal mood changes, and even feelings of depression, appear to have an association with decreased amounts of vitamin D in people living in geographic areas where exposure to sunlight during the winter months is relatively low. In this study, PGY-2 and PGY-3 Emergency Medicine residents at Lakeland Health will fill out PHQ-9 surveys for a total of 6 months (October-March), filled out at the end of each month. This is the time of year in southwest Michigan where exposure to direct sunlight is the lowest. The results of the individual surveys will be trended for the entire six months to see if individuals responds more positively after Vitamin D supplementation is initiated between months 3 and 4. Vitamin D supplementation will be 5000 units daily for the months of January-March.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* PGY-2 and PGY-3 Emergency Medicine Residents at Lakeland Health

Exclusion Criteria:

* Nonresidents and PGY-1 and PGY-4 Emergency Medicine residents at Lakeland Health
The Preventing Functional Decline in Acutely Hospitalized Older Patients (PREV_FUNC) Study

This study aims to examine 1) if multicomponent exercise interventions (including both mobility and strengthening exercises) have effects on physical function compared to usual care in older adults, and 2) if a comprehensive multicomponent exercise program is more effective than a simple multicomponent exercise program including only walking and rising from a chair.

This is a three-armed randomized controlled trial, with two intervention groups (comprehensive and simple exercise program) and a control group receiving usual care. Participants aged ≥75 years will be included consecutively from geriatric medical wards of hospitals in Stockholm, Sweden. Assessments will be conducted at hospital admission, discharge and three months thereafter concerning physical function (primary outcome), activities of daily living, health-related quality of life, sarcopenia, and falls. Number of re-admissions and mortality will be registered up to 1 year after discharge.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* ability to stand up from a sitting position independently or with minimal personal help
* ability to communicate and collaborate with the research staff

Exclusion Criteria:

* people who are not able to follow instructions
* people who by the responsible physician are assessed as not eligible to participate due to terminal illness or any major medical condition that contraindicates exercise
* those living in nursing home
* those previously included in the study
Earliest Stage Treatment of Aktinic Keratosis With Imiquimod 3.75% Cream

Earliest Stage Treatment of Actinic Keratosis with Imiquimod 3.75% Cream:

The study is to demonstrate that Aktinic Keratosis are present before they are clinically visible, i.e. in a subclinical stage. Since on the basis of the research situation, also subclinical AK can proliferate into the dermis, it is possible that with the application of Imiquimod on chronically light-exposed skin, undetected squamous cell carcinoma can be recognized and treated at the same time.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion

* Male and female supposed-healthy volunteer outpatients, age: \> 50 years.
* Diagnosis: patients with chronically UV-exposed photodamaged facial skin.
* Consent by signing the ICF (Informed Consent Form)

Exclusion

* Current participation in another clinical trial
* Patients who are using topical glucocorticoids on the face.
* Known intolerance/hypersensitivity to imiquimod
* Pregnant/breastfeeding women
* Systemic disease, immunodeficiency
Study Evaluating the Safety of HCV-796 in Subjects With Liver Disease and in Healthy Adults

The purpose of this study is to assess the pharmacokinetics (PK) of HCV-796 in subjects with chronic hepatic impairment and in matched healthy adults.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Men and women of non-childbearing potential.
* Hepatic impairment subjects: Child-Pugh class A, B, or C according to the C-P classification based on history, physical examination, and laboratory test results.
* Healthy volunteers: healthy as determined by the investigator.

Exclusion Criteria:

* History of alcoholism within 1 year.
* Hepatic impairment subjects: evidence of unstable clinically significant disease other than impaired hepatic function.
* Healthy volunteers: positive serologic findings for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies.
Efficacy of Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty Targeting Nasal Versus Inferior 180-degree

The purpose of this study to optimize Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT) application when used in the management of open angle glaucoma (OAG)

The purpose of this research is to determine the most effective method in using Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT) for lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma. We will investigate the IOP lowering differences between nasal 180° SLT and inferior 180° SLT,. The second stage will assess the effect of repeating SLT in the opposite 180° sector after 3 months.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 18 years and older
* Ability to comprehend the study procedures and agreement to proceed with primary SLT treatment
* Diagnosis of primary or secondary open angle glaucoma or glaucoma suspects with ocular hypertension
* Bilateral disease
* Pre-SLT IOP \>21 mmHg measured at least twice during patient's lifetime with or without medication
* Open angles with moderate to intense trabecular pigmentation
* Mild to moderate visual field defects (24-2 standard mean deviations better than the Swedish interactive thresholding algorithm standard of 12 dB)
* No adequate IOP control (low treatment compliance, substantial adverse effects with eyedrops, and at least 2 IOP measurements higher than the individualized target IOP)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Unwilling or unable to give consent
* Unable to attend scheduled post-operative visits
* Previous history of either laser treatment or intraocular surgery, except for non-complicated cataract surgery (performed \>6 months before SLT)
* History of ocular trauma
* Narrow angles
* Retinal detachment
* Active iris neovascularization or active proliferative retinopathy
* Active uveitis
* Monocular patients
* Current use of steroids (ocular, periocular, or systemic)
The Role of Near-infrared Spectroscopy Measurements in Determining İntraoperative Blood Loss in Cancer Surgery

Major cancer surgeries often involve significant intraoperative blood loss and require transfusion. Conventional markers, such as hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct), provide limited insight into tissue oxygenation and transfusion thresholds. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-invasive approach for monitoring regional tissue oxygen saturation and guiding transfusion decisions. This study aimed to evaluate the role of cerebral (cSO₂) and peripheral (pSO₂) NIRS measurements in identifying intraoperative blood loss and determining transfusion thresholds during major cancer surgeries.

This prospective observational study included 65 patients aged 18-75 years who underwent major cancer surgery. cSO₂ and pSO₂ were monitored at three time points: baseline (T1), pre-transfusion or significant blood loss (T2), and the end of surgery (T3).Hemodynamic parameters, acid-base status, hemoglobin levels, estimated blood loss, and transfusion volumes were recorded.Patients were divided into transfused (group 1) and non-transfused (group 2) cohorts. Statistical analyses included t-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-III
* major cancer surgery in the General Surgery, Urology, and Obstetrics and Gynecology departments

Exclusion Criteria:

* carotid artery stenosis
* recent myocardial infarction
* history of cerebrovascular events
* prior neck surgery,
* cervical disc herniation
* spinal cord injury,
* sudden vision loss,
* deep vein thrombosis,
* refusal to participate.