T-Regulatory Cell and CD3 Depleted Double Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation in Hematologic Malignancies

This is a unique dose-escalation trial that will titrate doses of umbilical cord blood (UCB) Treg and CD3+ Teff cells with the goal of infusing as many CD3+ Teff cells as possible without conferring grade II-IV acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).

In this study, the investigators propose to add UCB Treg and UCB CD3+ Teff cells to the two TCD UCB donor units with the goal of transplanting as many CD3+ Teff cells as possible without reintroducing risk of acute GVHD. The investigators hypothesize that Treg will permit the reintroduction of CD3+ Teff cells that will provide a bridge while awaiting HSC T cell recovery long term. The co-infusion of Treg will prevent GVHD without the need for prolonged pharmacologic immunosuppression.

Based on prior studies, the first patient will start at lowest dose combination (3 x 10\^6/kg of Treg and 3 x 10\^6/kg of CD3+ Teff cells).

One patient will be entered at each level with a minimum of 35 days to observe the patient prior to moving to the next dose level. (1) If GVHD does not occur, a "successful step", then the CD3+ Teff cell dose will increase to the next higher level for the next patient; (2) If GVHD occurs, a "failed step", then Treg dose will increase to the next higher level for the next patient. It would take a minimum of 5 (if no GVHD) and maximum of 9 patients (if GVHD is observed at each level) to complete all Treg:CD3+ Teff cell combinations.

An additional 10 patients will be enrolled to verify that this reflects the optimal combination and evaluate its safety profile.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Only patients requiring a double umbilical cord blood (UCB) transplant are to be considered for this study.

UCB Requirements

* Three UCB units are required - one for Treg production and two for UCB transplant. The unrelated UCB donors must be 4-6/6 HLA-A, B, DRB1 matched with the recipient (HLA matching using molecular techniques: A and B to antigen level resolution and DR to allele level resolution). Suitable UCB units will be selected according to the University Of Minnesota UCB Graft Selection Algorithm.
* Suitable UCB units must be ABO matched.

Disease Criteria:

* Patients aged 18 to 55 years
* Acute Myeloid Leukemia: with morphologically persistent disease in a representative bone marrow aspirate sample with ≤ 10% blasts after at least 1 cycles of chemotherapy (if patient refuses or is disqualified from alternative protocols), or in 3rd or higher complete remission (CR).
* Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia: with morphologically persistent disease in a representative bone marrow aspirate sample with ≤ 10% blasts after at least 1 cycles of chemotherapy, or in 3rd or higher CR
* Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia in Blast Crisis: with ≤10% residual blasts in the bone marrow aspirate after at least 1 cycle of induction chemotherapy in combination with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)
* Refractory Anemia with Excess Blasts: (≤ 10%) in representative bone marrow aspirate sample of blasts after 1 cycle of induction chemotherapy. If treated with hypomethylating agents, patients are eligible if blast count is ≤ 10% after 4 cycles or evidence of stable or progressive disease after at least 2 cycles.
* Chronic Myeloproliferative Disease
* Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma, Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma or Follicular Lymphoma: disease must be refractory after at least two chemotherapy regimens or is chemotherapy sensitive but has residual nodal disease of ≥ 5 cm
* Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell Lymphoma, Prolymphocytic Leukemia: disease must be refractory after at least two chemotherapy regimens or is chemotherapy sensitive but has residual nodal disease of ≥ 5 cm
* Large Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: disease must be refractory after at least two chemotherapy regimens or is chemotherapy sensitive but has residual nodal disease of ≥ 5 cm
* Lymphoblastic Lymphoma, Burkitt's Lymphoma, and other High-Grade NHL: disease must be refractory after at least two chemotherapy regimens or is chemotherapy sensitive but has residual nodal disease of ≥ 5 cm
* Performance Status, Age, and Organ Function
* Adequate performance status defined as a Karnofsky score ≥ 80%
* Adequate organ function defined as:

  * Renal: creatinine \< 2.0 mg/dL,
  * Hepatic: bilirubin, AST/ALT, ALP \< 5 x upper limit of normal,
  * Pulmonary function: DLCOcorr \> 50% normal,
  * Cardiac: left ventricular ejection fraction \> 45%
* Voluntary written informed consent signed before performance of any study-related procedure not part of normal medical care

Exclusion Criteria:

* Available medically suitable HLA-identical related donor
* Active infection at time of transplantation (including active infection with Aspergillus or other mold within 30 days)
* History of HIV infection
* Pregnant or breast feeding. The agents used in this study may be teratogenic to a fetus and there is no information on the excretion of agents into breast milk. Females of childbearing potential must have a blood test or urine study within 14 days prior to registration to rule out pregnancy
* Prior myeloablative transplant within the last 6 months
* Extensive prior therapy including \> 12 months alkylator therapy or \> 6 months alkylator therapy with extensive radiation
* Patients who have received Y-90 ibritumomab (Zevalin) or I-131 tositumomab (Bexxar) as part of their salvage therapy (not eligible for myeloablative umbilical cord blood transplant)