cyrilzakka/clinical-trials huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Screening and Counselling for Elderly With Psychological Problems

The aim of the study is to test whether screening followed by brief problem-solving counselling in primary care could improve the quality of life of elderly patients with undiagnosed psychological problems. We hypothesize that undiagnosed psychological problems detectable by screening are common in the elderly and brief counselling could improve the quality of life of these patients.

Objectives: The aim of the study is to test if screening followed by brief problem-solving counselling by primary care doctors can improve the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of elderly patients with previously undiagnosed psychological problems. It will also find out the effects of undiagnosed psychological problems on HRQOL and consultation rates of elderly patients.

Design, Setting \& Subjects: This is a prospective single-blinded randomised controlled trial on 450 patients aged 60 or above attending a Government General Outpatient Clinic in Hong Kong, who have been screened for psychological problems.

Methods: Elderly patients attending the General Outpatient Department of the Ap Lei Chau Clinic who are not known to have the diagnosis of psychological problems with the Hospital Anxiety \& Depression Scale (HADS) were screened in order to recruit 300 subjects who are screened positive for undiagnosed psychological problems will be randomised into the counselling or no-counselling groups, and 150 subjects who are screened negative for psychological problems will be selected as normal controls

Interventions: The counselling group will receive brief problem-solving counselling from a trained primary care doctor in addition to their usual medical care; the no-counselling group will receive general health education and their usual medical care; and the normal control group will continue with their usual care only.

Main Outcome Measures: Health-related quality of life measured by the SF-36, the HADS scores and consultation rates. The baseline and changes in outcomes of the three groups will be compared at 0, 6, 12, 36 and 52 weeks after screening.

Conclusions: The results will provide evidence on whether screening followed by brief problem-solving counselling in primary care is effective in improving quality of life and reducing consultation rates for the elderly with undiagnosed psychological problems.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Aged 60 or above
2. Attending the study primary care clinic
3. No known diagnosis of psychological problem
4. Written consent provided

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Known psychological disease diagnosed by a registered practitioner
2. Taking any psychotropic drug prescribed by a registered practitioner of Western medicine within the last year;
3. Has suicidal plan or strong suicidal thought;
4. Has psychotic symptom;
5. any impairment in cognitive function; or
6. any communication problem
7. refuses to participate
Evaluation of an mHealth SMS Dialogue Strategy to Meet Women's and Couples' Postpartum Contraceptive Needs in Kenya

Meeting women's need for postpartum family planning is has been acknowledged as a global priority in maternal and child health. The prevention of unintended pregnancies in sub-Saharan African countries, which carry the highest global burdens of maternal mortality and HIV infection, is projected to substantially decrease maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Many barriers to contraceptive uptake exist, both within and outside of the postpartum time period, and include socio-cultural, economic, and supply-side factors. Furthermore, while the importance of engaging men in family planning programs has been acknowledged for decades, few interventions have succeeded in increasing male involvement in family planning while maintaining a focus on women's empowerment. Innovative approaches to meeting the family planning needs of women and couples are urgently needed.

Public health interventions are increasingly incorporating mobile health (mHealth) approaches using short message service (SMS) technology in low-income countries, approaches that have demonstrated benefit among various reproductive health outcomes. The investigators hypothesize that personalized, bidirectional SMS dialogue with individual women and couples will increase postpartum contraceptive uptake, thereby decreasing unmet need for family planning in Kenya. The investigators have collaborated with the University of Washington (UW) Department of Computer Science and Engineering (CSE) along with Kenyan telecommunication providers to develop a hybrid messaging system that allows for innovative bidirectional SMS messaging. This system has been used successfully in maternal child health (MCH) clinics in Kenya. In qualitative research, women in Kenya have expressed a strong desire for mHealth support to provide additional education, counseling and reminders to supplement counseling by health workers.

The investigators propose a randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing the effects of bidirectional SMS dialogue vs. control on highly effective contraceptive use at 6 months postpartum among HIV negative women and couples in Nyanza Province, Kenya. Data from this RCT and accompanying qualitative study will contribute to innovative, scale-able strategies to address unmet need for contraception and increase male involvement in family planning.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant; at least 28 weeks gestation
* HIV negative
* Daily access to a mobile phone
* Planning to stay in area for 6 months postpartum
* Able to read/write or has trusted person to help

Exclusion Criteria:

* Does not meet above criteria
H19 in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

* Study the expression level of H19 gene in the samples from ALL patients by real-time PCR.
* Correlate the expression level of H19 gene with the clinical presentation and laboratory data of those patients.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common cancer affecting children and adolescents (Zeng XL et al, 2023). ALL is a haematological malignancy characterized by the malignant clonal expansion of lymphoid hematopoietic precursors (Hong Z et al, 2021). It arises from B- or T-lineage lymphoid progenitors: B-cell-precursor ALL (B-ALL) and T-cell ALL (T-ALL) (Brady SW et al., 2022). Rrelapse in ALL is the fundamental cause of treatment failure in 15-20% of patients (Hulleman E et al, 2009). Therefore, the exploration of novel functional molecules that play a role in ALL pathogenesis could be effective therapeutic targets for this disease (Asadi M et al, 2023).

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-protein coding transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides (Kopp F et al, 2018). H19 was the first lncRNA to be discovered and submitted for genomic imprinting (Yoshimura H et al, 2018). It has a role in embryogenesis and tumorigenesis (Yoshimura H et al, 2014). It also has an indispensable role in enhancing cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, invasion, and chemo resistance (Li Y et al, 2020). Recent evidence has shown that H19 is an oncogene and is overexpressed in breast, liver, endometrial, lung, cervical, and esophageal cancers (Asadi M et al, 2023). A similar pattern of H19 expression was observed in various types of leukemias, including chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) (Morlando M et al, 2015) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (Zhang Tj et al, 2018).

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Newly diagnosed ALL patients.

Exclusion Criteria:

- 1-Presence of other haematological disorders, history of other malignancies or relapsed ALL.

2-Patients under chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
Short Course Glucocorticoid Treatment for PTSD

The purpose of this study is to investigate if a 2-wk course of 20mg/day of oral prednisone in addition to standard care will result in reduced PTSD symptoms or symptom severity compared to placebo


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Must meet Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) criteria for PTSD w/ symptom exacerbation (CAPS score ≥ 50)
* Stable on other psychotropic meds x1 month

Exclusion Criteria:

* Current or past history of bipolar, schizophrenic, or other psychotic disorder
* Organic mental disorder
* Alcohol or substance abuse in last 3 months
* Clinically significant hepatic or renal disease or other acute or unstable medical condition
* Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, uncontrolled diabetes, rheumatologic diseases
Effect of Modality on Discharge Instruction in Patients Receiving Outpatient Antibiotic Prescriptions From the Emergency Department

Outpatient antibiotics are frequently prescribed from the emergency department, and limited health literacy may impact compliance with recommended treatments. The investigators are looking to determine if patient preference for multimodality discharge instructions for outpatient antibiotic therapy varies by health literacy level, and if modality effected patient-reported antibiotic compliance and 72-hour antibiotic pick-up.

This is a prospective randomized trial that includes consenting patients discharged with outpatient antibiotics. Health literacy is assessed using a validated health literacy assessment, the Newest Vital Sign (NVS). Patients are randomized to a discharge instruction modality: 1) standard of care, typed and verbal medication and case-specific instructions; 2) standard of care plus text messaged instructions sent to the patient's cell phone; or 3) standard of care plus voicemailed instructions sent to the patient's cell phone. Antibiotic pick-up is verified with the patient's pharmacy at 72 hours. Patients are called at 30 days to determine antibiotic compliance.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Emergency department patient being prescribed an outpatient antibiotic or the parent of a patient under the age of 18 being prescribed on outpatient antibiotic

Exclusion Criteria:

* Doesn't have a cell phone that can receive text messages and voicemail messages
* Unable to provide informed consent
* Prisoners
Eccentric Training Effects on Hamstrings Structure, Strength, and Sprint Performance

The overall goal of this study is to investigate the effects of a 6-week training program between two hamstring exercises-the Romanian deadlift (RDL) and the Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE)-on hamstring strain injury risk factors and sprint performance.

Prior to the intervention, participants will report to the lab on one occasion for baseline assessments. During the baseline visit, a) regional measures of biceps femoris long head fascicle length, pennation angle, muscle thickness, and anatomical cross-sectional area will be determined using ultrasound, b) baseline NHE strength and 3RM for the RDL will be determined, and c) maximal 60 m sprint performance will be measured.

Participants will be randomly assigned to either the RDL or NHE. After randomization, each participant will undergo the 6 week intervention program based upon their group allocation. Exercises will be performed using a 6 second eccentric (i.e., lowering) contraction.

Following the 6 week intervention, participants would return to the lab for post-intervention assessments of regional hamstring morphology and architecture and sprint testing, which would be carried out in the same manner as baseline assessments. Since fascicle length changes are known to return to baseline values within 2 weeks after the cessation of eccentric training, participants will be asked to return to the lab following a 2 week detraining period where final imaging, strength, and sprint performance assessments will be determined.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* 18-25 years of age
* Have \>6 months experience in resistance training

Exclusion Criteria:

* History of hamstring strain injury within the last 12 months
* History of lower extremity surgery
* Current musculoskeletal injury to the lower extremity
* Females who are currently pregnant
* Individuals who indicate they are unwilling to refrain from novel outside training activities
* Individuals who do not complete 75% (9 out of 12) of the training sessions
Aluminum Foil Reflector on Phototherapy for Newborn with Jaundice

Hyperbilirubinemia is defined as the presence of bilirubin in the serum of newborns at levels exceeding the normal range. It is the most common problem among healthy newborns, with an incidence of approximately 40% to 60% in full-term infants. The primary cause is the immature bilirubin metabolism in newborns, leading to the accumulation of excess bilirubin in the blood, which in turn results in a temporary yellowing of the skin and sclera, known as jaundice. Physiological jaundice in full-term newborns typically appears 24 to 72 hours after birth, peaking on days 4 to 5. Studies have shown that neonatal jaundice is a leading cause of readmission after discharge.

Phototherapy is the most effective and safest treatment for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. It takes advantage of bilirubin's sensitivity to light, converting bilirubin into water-soluble conjugated bilirubin, which is then excreted through bile and urine, thereby reducing total bilirubin levels. The most effective light during phototherapy has a wavelength of 400 nm to 520 nm and an intensity of at least 30 microW/cm²/nm, with at least 80% of the infant's body surface area exposed.

This study aims to investigate whether using aluminum foil reflective covering around the phototherapy incubator can enhance the effectiveness of light treatment for jaundice in infants, thus potentially reducing the duration of phototherapy required.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Newborns who are admitted to the neonatal ward for examination and treatment due to jaundice levels reaching the treatment threshold.
2. Term babies below 14 days of age (gestational age of 37 weeks or greater).
3. No evidence of hemolysis

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Infants with serum bilirubin levels close to the exchange transfusion limit
2. Hemolytic disease (Ex: G6PD)
3. Congenital anomalies
4. Elevated direct bilirubin
5. Infants with abnormal liver function or biliary structure
6. Infants who receive Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation after birth or suspected perinatal asphyxia
Clinical Pilates (CP) Exercises and Kinesiophobia in CABG

To determine Effect of Clinical Pilates (CP) exercises on kinesiophobia and post-operative cardiopulmonary parameters in CABG patients. Kinesiophobia may lead to patients\&#39; psychological fear of rehabilitation exercise, thereby refusing rehabilitation exercise, affecting the rehabilitation process of patients, resulting in disuse syndrome, depression, disability and other adverse consequences. Thus, this study is to be conducted to find out the effects Pilates exercises with cardiac rehabilitation for management of Kinesiophobia in post CABG patients.

Clinical Pilates are also evident to be safe and effective in post-surgical patients with different surgical interventions.

A study was conducted in 2021 to evaluate the effects of the Pilates method on pulmonary function and range of motion after coronary artery bypass grafting and concluded that the Pilates method is a safe, viable, and playful option for the patient profile after CABG but they did not evaluate kinesiophobia of patients

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Hemodynamically stable patient Who underwent elective CABG.
* Patients diagnosed with Kinesiophobia via Tampa scale for Kinesiophobia Heart (TSK-SV Heart)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Neuromuscular conditions which lead to kinesiophobia
* Diseases that seriously affected the functional capacity or mobility such as liver cirrhosis, chronic renal failure and disabled patients.
* Prolong intubation
* Vital instability
* Patients needing maximum assistance
* Decline consent
A Survey of Lanadelumab in Participants with Hereditary Angioedema

This study is a survey in Japan of Lanadelumab used to treat people with hereditary angioedema (HAE). The study sponsor will not be involved in how the participants are treated but will provide instructions on how the clinics will record what happens during the study.

The main aim of the study is to check for side effects related from Lanadelumab and to check if Lanadelumab improves symptoms of HAE. During the study, participants with HAE will take Lanadelumab subcutaneous injection according to their clinic's standard practice. The study doctors will check for side effects from Lanadelumab for 12 months.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria - Participants diagnosed with hereditary angioedema (HAE) and treated with Lanadelumab for the first time.

Exclusion Criteria

- None
A Study for Patients With Osteoporosis

The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of injectable teriparatide to intranasal salmon calcitonin on lumbar spine bone mineral density, in the treatment of Chinese patients with established osteoporosis


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Clinical diagnosis of osteoporosis
* No other severe disabling conditions
* Should have at least 1 vertebral or non-vertebral prevalent fracture, and bone mineral density T-score should be less than -2.5
* Ambulatory
* Men (aged 40 to 85 years) or postmenopausal women (aged 55 to 85 years)

Exclusion Criteria:

* History of a disease that affects bone metabolism
* History of treatment with any drug that may significantly affect bone metabolism
* History or presence of liver disease
* History or presence of kidney disease
* History of excessive alcohol drinking or drug abuse
Pilot Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Anakinra (Recombinant Human Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist) in Heart Failure

This is an open-label, non-randomized, pilot-study to evaluate the effect of Interleukin-1 blockade on exercise capacity in patients with heart failure. Subjects will undergo cardiopulmonary exercise testing at baseline and after 2-weeks treatment with anakinra (recombinant human Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist).


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Confirmed diagnosis of heart failure
* Recent echocardiogram documenting left ventricular ejection fraction \<40%
* High sensitivity C-reactive protein \>2 mg/L.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Recent changes (previous 3 months) in HF maintenance medications (beta-blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme \[ACE\] inhibitors, aldosterone antagonists, vasodilators, cardiac glycosides, diuretics)
* Hospitalization for worsening HF or acute decompensated HF within the previous 12 months
* Anticipated need for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) or automated-implantable cardioverter defibrillator (AICD)
* Angina or electrocardiograph (ECG) changes that limit maximum exertion during cardiopulmonary exercise testing or baseline ECG changes that limit the ability to detect ischemia (i.e. left bundle-branch block).
* Recent (\<14 days) use of anti-inflammatory drugs (not including NSAIDs), chronic inflammatory disorder (including but not limited to rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus), malignancy, active infection, or any comorbidity limiting survival or ability to complete the study
* Severe kidney dysfunction (eGFR \<30 mL/min)
* Coagulopathy (INR \>1.5), thrombocytopenia (\<50,000/mm3), or leukopenia (absolute neutrophil count \<1,500/mm3)
* Pregnancy (female patients will be required to take a urine pregnancy test)
* Latex or rubber allergy
* Inability to give informed consent
The Effect of CPAP on Lung Hyperinflation in Patients With OSA

Assessment of the lung hyperinflation by bodypletysmography in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea treated with continuous positive airway pressure therapy.

Rationale:

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is characterized by repetitive closure of upper airways leading to apnoea (complete airflow cessation) or hypopnoea (airflow limitation \> 50% + blood oxygen desaturation \> 3% or airflow limitation \> 30% blood oxygen desaturation \> 4%). The prevalence of lung hyperinflations in sleep apnoea patients and effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is not known.

Process:

Subjects included in the study will be obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) patients diagnosed by respiratory polysomnography performed in the Sleep Laboratory, Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Olomouc.

Bodypletysmography will be performed in the time of OSA diagnosis and after 3 months of CPAP therapy.

Data will be statistically evaluated after completion of the target number of subjects.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome indicated for CPAP therapy (Apnoea- Hypopnoea index ˃ 15)

Exclusion Criteria:

* - Bilevel positive airway pressure therapy
* Total lung capacity \< 80% lower limit of normal values
* Obstructive ventilatory disorder
* Change in body weight ˃ 10%
* Change in smoking status
Green Tea Anticancer Mechanisms in Smokers

The purpose of this study is to determine whether green tea may lower the risk of certain cancers.

Green tea contains phytochemicals, especially flavonoids. Phytochemicals are not absolutely required for normal functions, but may confer health benefits such as antioxidant actions. One can live without phytochemicals, but one may live longer and better with them. The phytochemicals in tea have been proposed to inhibit cancer onset via several different mechanisms. An obvious question is: Can anti-cancer actions of green tea be duplicated by black tea, which in the USA, is consumed more than green tea? The question remains unanswered, and will not be addressed by this project since many questions about green tea have not been answered yet. The contents of both type teas overlap in flavonoids, but green tea has more of the agents thought to be most effective. For example, some of the research cited below uses the flavonoid epigallocatechin gallate. Green tea has 5 times more of this flavonoid than black tea.

This study has two purposes. First, a case will be made that green tea may have several anti-cancer mechanisms, but this contention is not well confirmed by human intervention studies. This case will be made by addressing four questions. Second, justification will be given for the choice of mechanisms to be examined in this project's human intervention.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Healthy 23-40 year old males and non-pregnant females, who are moderately heavy smokers (1-1.75 packs/day, \> 2 years)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Habitual tea intake
* Habitual flavonoid supplementation
* Soy product intake over twice a week (soy is high in flavonoids).
* Pulmonary diseases
* Chronic or acute infection
* Admission of heavy alcohol intake (\> 14 beers or drinks a week)
* Body mass index (BMI) \> 30 (moderately overweight subjects will be taken)
* Abnormal EKG
* History of heart or other major health problems (ie arthritis, diabetes).
* Subjects with slightly high blood pressure will be eligible for the project, but more severe hypertension (\>150/100)
Paediatric Oximetry Algorithms - Normative Data Collection

To undertake normative data collection of existing clinical algorithms using existing oximetry technology.

Paediatric patients who are undergoing routine diagnostic pulse oximetry, will be approached to also wear an additional oximeter at the same time so that comparisons between two oximeters and their clinical algorithms can be compared.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* All children who have been referred for a clinical overnight pulse oximetry test

Exclusion Criteria:

* Families who do not understand written English if an interpreter is not present for clinical reasons
* Times when the kit is already being used for another recruit
* If children do not attend with the legal guardian and so informed consent cannot be signed
* Patient is deemed too unwell by clinical team to be approached about the research