cyrilzakka/clinical-trials huggingface dataset:
Adjustment of DOses of NIcotine in Smoking Cessation (ADONIS)

Nicotine replacement therapies (NRT) have proven efficacy to help smokers quit. However, their effectiveness is low. This study aims to answer the question: Does the dose adjustment of NRT according the saliva concentration of nicotine's main metabolite: cotinine improve their efficacy compared with the lack of dose adjustment (usual care) in smoking patients with smoking related disease condition.

Smokers currently smoking at least 10 cigarettes per day with smoking related diseases are included. They are randomized either to receive standard nicotine replacement therapy (24 h nicotine patch 21, 14, 7 mg/day for one month each, respectively), control arm, or nicotine dose adjustment according their saliva cotinine: dose adaptation arm. In the control arm, at the discretion of the investigators, buccal forms of nicotine replacement therapies are allowed. In both arms, saliva cotinine determinations are performed every 2 weeks for 2 months. In the control arm saliva cotinine results are not communicated to the investigators. In the dose adaptation arm investigators receive saliva cotinine results and should adapt the nicotine doses (mg of nicotine/day) according to baseline (when smoking) saliva cotinine to obtain 100 % substitution. Smokers are assessed at weekly visits after the predetermined quit day for 3 months. Follow up at 6 months. Main outcome measure: sustained abstinence (self reported no smoking and expired air carbon monoxide concentration equal or less than 8 ppm during the last (3rd) month of the treatment phase.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Age ≥18 years Smoking ≥ 10 cigarettes per day Patients with disease conditions known to be related to smoking: e.g.coronary heart diseases, COPD, lower extremity arterial disease, etc

Exclusion Criteria:

* Smokers whose follow-up during the duration of the study, in a predictable way, cannot be assured.
* smokers having been treated by bupropion ( Zyban) during two months preceding the inclusion
* persons under TSN, neuroleptic, substitute treatments in OPINOIDES, under anticoagulants-non-equilibrating,
* encircled woman
* breast-feeding woman
* Contraindication usual of the TSN
The Impact of Gall Bladder Emptying and Bile Acids on the Human GLP-1-secretion

The last couple of years it has been shown that bile acids not only acts as simple emulsifiers of fat, but constitutes a complex metabolic integrator which not only have an influence on fat digestion and lipid metabolism, but also modulates the energy expenditure in (brown) adipose tissue and muscle tissue. This action is due to stimulation of the receptor TGR5 by bile acids. Recently scientists have discovered that this receptor in rodents is also expressed on the surface of intestinal L-cells (which normally secrets Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) in response to nutrient stimulation). The stimulation of this receptor has shown a GLP-1 secretion from the intestinal cells which is interesting since GLP-1 has a central role in maintaining normal glucose tolerance and thus blood sugar. Given the above, bile acids has an important impact on intestinal GLP-1 secretion. Whether these scientific findings can be proven in human beings is uncertain.

The primary hypothesis is that stimulating gall bladder emptying via Cholecystokinin (CCK) in healthy subjects will result in a significant GLP-1 response. We also hypothesize that adding orally Metformin or a sequestrant ("a bile acid binder") will further enhance this GLP-1 response.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* HbA1c \< 6,0%
* Not anaemic
* Written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Liver disease
* Nephropathy
* fasting plasma glucose \> 5,6mM
* Diabetes running in the family (parents or grandparents)
* Any medical treatment
* A former medical history of liver- or bile disease
* any surgical procedure conducted in the abdomen
* Body mass index \< 18,5 kg/m2 or \> 25 kg/m2
Clinical Trial on the Safety and Efficacy of Optimized Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for the Swallowing Function in Patients With Post-Stroke Dysphagia

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate whether the application of optimized transcranial direct current stimulation is more effective compared to sham stimulation for temporary improvement of swallowing function in patients with post-stroke dysphagia.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* men and women \>19 years old
* patients with stroke confirmed by neuroimaging
* first-time stroke patients
* patients in subacute or chronic phases of stroke with 3 weeks or more after onset
* stroke patients with confirmed dysphagia through Videofluoroscopic Swallowing Study (VFSS).

Exclusion Criteria:

* patients with recurrent stoke, traumatic brain injury, spine cord injury, and degenerative brain disease, such as Parkinson's disease, etc.
* patients with deteriorated cognitive function unable to perform the clinical trial as instructed
* patients with evidence of delirium, confusion, or other impairment of consciousness
* patients with uncontrolled medical disease or surgical conditions
* patients ineligible for Transcranial direct current stimulation (due to scalp condition, metallic material at the electrode attachment area, presence of a pacemaker or cochlear implant)
* patients with previous experience within the last year using a stimulation device similar to the one use in this clinical trial or who have participated in related clinical trials
* patients with severe neurologic disorder with concomitant major psychiatric disorder such as major depressive disorder and dementia
* patients with history of uncontrolled epilepsy within 6 months
* patients with medical contraindications for neuroimaging test, such as MRI;
* patients who are taken contraindicated medications or require medication changes during the trial period that could influence cognitive/motor function changes via brain activation changes
* patients who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning pregnancy during the trial period
* patients considered medically ineligible for participation in the present trial beyond the criteria listened above.
Prevention of Asthma Relapse After Discharge From Emergency

The purpose of this study is to compare the Symbicort® Turbuhaler® to both Pulmicort® Turbuhaler® and Bricanyl® Turbuhaler® for the treatment of asthma after discharge from the emergency room


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* 18 - 65 years of age
* Presenting at a study emergency department with an asthma exacerbation

Exclusion Criteria:

* Admission to hospital
* Patients receiving more than 2000 µg/day of beclomethasone equivalent inhaled corticosteroids (1000 µg/day fluticasone or 1600 µg/day budesonide)
Effect of Pulsatile Hormone Administration on Insulin Action

In humans, insulin is secreted in pulses from the pancreatic beta-cells, and these oscillations help to maintain fasting plasma glucose levels within a narrow normal range. Given the fluctuations in insulin concentrations, oscillations enhance precision of control. The hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp test (clamp) involves a continuous infusion of insulin and is the gold standard for measuring insulin sensitivity. In this study, insulin sensitivity measured using the standard clamp will be compared with a clamp in which the same total amount of insulin as the standard clamp is infused every five minutes instead of continuously.

Participants with obesity and insulin resistance completing a randomized, controlled, two-arm parallel trial (Motivate) will be enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Twelve participants from the Motivate study will return within two weeks to complete two clamp tests within a week of each other. At these clamps, the insulin will be infused continuously at a dose of 40mU/m2/min during the first clamp test and the same total amount of insulin will be infused every five minutes at the second clamp. The day following the clamps, participants will return to the clinic in a fasted state and blood will be drawn for measurement of glucose and insulin.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Completion of the Motivate Study (NCT05649176)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Non-completion of the end-of-study hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp test of the Motivate study
hAESCs Prevent Acute Graft-versus-host Disease After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

This is a parallel controlled clinical study evaluating the safety and efficacy of hAECs in preventing aGVHD after HSCT.

This study is a controlled trial, with 18 subjects enrolled in the experimental group or the control group. The study will consist of four phases, including screening phase, preparation phase, hAESCs treatment phase and observational follow-up period. The cell dose of the experimental group was 1x10\^6 cells/kg and the control group is infused placebo (the composition was the same as hAESCs injection excipients, but did not contain hAESCs). The infusion of hAESCs/placebo at the day before HSCT and 7th days after HSCT.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Standard risk GVHD patients with hematological malignancies older than 18 years;
* High risk GVHD patients with hematological malignancies: haplotype hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients, donor is female or more than 30 years old;
* Well informed about this study and signed a consent form before the trial;
* Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≧ 50%, no evidence of pericardial effusion;
* No evidence of lung infection by X-rays examination;
* Eastern cooperative oncology group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1, Hematopoietic cell transplantation - specific comorbidity index (HCT-CI) of 0, 1, 2;
* Normal liver and kidney function: Serum bilirubin≤35µmol/L, AST/ALT was less than 2 times the upper limit of normal value, and serum creatinine ≤130µmol/L

Exclusion Criteria:

* Reduce pretreatment dose or secondary transplantation;
* Participate other clinical trials within 2 months before this study;
* Female, 1) pregnant/nursing period, or 2) have a pregnancy plan during the study period, or 3) have fertility and cannot take effective contraception;
* History of severe allergic disease or is allergic to one or more drugs;
* Patients who are considered unsuitable for the study by the investigator.
Focal Cortical Atrophy After Myocardial Internal Capsule

Primary purpose of the trial is to demonstrate the arisen of focal cortical atrophy, localized in the ipsilateral primary motor area, measured in mm, three months after infarction of internal capsule.

The patient is compared to himself between day zero to ten and three months.

The study hypotheses are:

* A focal cortical atrophy of the ipsilesional primary motor area occurs after cerebral infarction of the internal capsule. It is measurable accurately and reproducibly by MRI at three months. Other brain areas within the voluntary motor system will also be explored (supplementary motor area, pre motor area).
* This atrophy is correlated with achievement of pyramidal tract, assessed by the fractional anisotropy of its fibers.
* This atrophy is correlated with disability at three months, assessed by Rankin score.

Twenty-two patients with ischemic stroke, subcortical, involving the internal capsule, will be included.

Each patient will be compared to himself, on day zero to ten and three months.

An MRI will be performed between day zero and ten, then three months of infarction sequences with traditional threeD enabling acquisition and tractography and The measurement of cortical thickness is in mm The measurement of fractional anisotropy of the pyramidal tract A clinical evaluation will be done between Day zero and Day ten then three months, using a neurological score (NIHSS), a score of functional disability (Rankin) and more analytical and sensitive tests such as dynamometer, the Finger Tapping test and test new plugs.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients of 18 to 90 years old.
* Subcortical stroke
* Achievement of the internal capsule, according to MRI
* Ability to perform MRI within 10 days after the onset of symptoms
* NIHSS over or equal 2 and \< 20
* Rankin Score over or equal 1 and ≤ 5
* Written informed consent after information about the protocol, from patients or reliable person if patient is in incapacity to sign
* Affiliation to a social security scheme

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant or nursing women
* Other cerebral lesion, concomitant or preexisting
* Concomitant disease causing unfavorable prognosis within 3 months after inclusion
* pre-existing psychiatric illness
* Alcoholism or other chronic intoxication
* Cortical localization of the infarction
* Patient in a coma, who cannot be examined and evaluated
* Patient intubated, ventilated, sedated
* Cerebral hemorrhage, intra-parenchymal and / or subarachnoid
* Persons protected by law (guardianship, curators and judicial protection)
* Contraindications to magnetic resonance examination: pacemaker, metal implants, neurostimulators, Clips neurosurgical wire sutures, staples, metal heart valves, ventricular bypass valve, metal workers, foreign eye, shrapnel, bullet , cochlear implants
Establishment of Cessation Therapy by Clinical Trials for Subjects With Betel-quid Dependence and Oral Pre-cancer

No medication existed for BQ dependence. No clinical trials existed for the drug therapy. Previous study showed that BQ possessed the antidepressant effect via pathway of monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A). An animal model also found that the arecoline from BQ has a property as MAO-A inhibitor. Therefore, the investigators hypothesized that inhibition of the MAO-A or antidepressants might reduce the BQ addiction severity.

The investigators will conduct the randomization and double blinded with placebo controlled study with 90 participants with BQ dependence from the Family Medicine and ear, nose, and throat (ENT) outpatient department (OPD). All participants shall agree the informed consent. The range of age is from 18 to 65 years old. The participants are diagnosed as BQ use disorder without other psychiatry co-morbidity, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM)-V criteria. Those who have severe physical illness, psychiatric illness, and other substance use disorder except cigarettes are excluded. All participants receive the semi-structure interview by DSM-V, International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10, and Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview by the psychiatrist. Before the intervention, the participants will finish their basic data, daily amount of cigarettes, betel nut, medical history and psycho-social rating scales. Next, in addition to counseling, the investigators will continue or modify the optimal antidepressants based on the previous results.

The investigators will evaluate their BQ use condition as what has been measured in the natural observation study of the first year. The investigators will check the outcome measurement by visual analog scale, betel quid withdrawal severity scale, Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive (Y-BOCS) - betel quid (BQ) scale. The investigators also followed their hamilton depression scale; Beck depression index; and Beck anxiety index in the baseline, 2nd, 4th, 6th , and 8th week. The investigators also obtained the participants' gene type if the participants also agree for the prediction of oral cancers.

We'll conduct the betel-quid (BQ) dependence clinical trial since 2016. Eligible cases will be enrolled for the following 8 week double-blinded placebo controlled trial. The groups will be divided into three groups. Outcome measures include BQ use condition, addiction severity rating scale, emotional rating scale including Beck Anxiety Index (BAI), Beck Depression Index (BDI), Hamilton Depression Scales (HAMDs), and urine BQ metabolites.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* DSM-V criteria suitable for betelnut use disorder
* No severe physical disorder
* No major psychiatric illness
* Chinese Speaker

Exclusion Criteria:

* Severe physical disorder
* Major psychiatric illness
* Inability to understand the whole protocol
Oropharyngeal Administration of Colostrum

Infections are the main causes of morbidity and mortality in very low birth weight infants. Use of mother's own breast milk in feeding these babies is associated with a decreased risk of acquiring nosocomial infection. This protective effect is assigned to a plurality of immune components in human milk. However, clinical instability of the preterm newborn in the first days of life results in delayed initiation of enteral nutrition. Thus, alternative methods for colostrum administration have been investigated, such as oropharyngeal administration with evidence that would be safe and feasible to perform in children admitted to the NICU in the first hours of life. Objective: To evaluate the immune stimulatory effect of oropharyngeal administration of colostrum in the incidence of sepsis in very low birth weight preterm infants.

Background: Infections are the main causes of morbidity and mortality in very low birth weight infants. Use of mother's own breast milk in feeding these babies is associated with a decreased risk of acquiring nosocomial infection. This protective effect is assigned to a plurality of immune components in human milk. However, clinical instability of the preterm newborn in the first days of life results in delayed initiation of enteral nutrition. Thus, alternative methods for colostrum administration have been investigated, such as oropharyngeal administration with evidence that would be safe and feasible to perform in children admitted to the NICU in the first hours of life.

Objective: To evaluate the immune stimulatory effect of oropharyngeal administration of colostrum in the incidence of sepsis in very low birth weight preterm infants.

Methods: This was a prospective, randomized and blind study that included infants less than 34 weeks gestational age and birth weight less than 1,500 g, from 15 July 2013 to 15 July 2015.

The babies were divided initially into two groups for oropharyngeal administration or not of mother's own milk: Group 1 - underwent oropharyngeal administration of mother's own milk of and Group 2 - underwent oropharyngeal administration of sterile water, considered an inert substance. Newborns who were drawn to the Group 1 and it was not possible to obtain sufficient mother's own milk volume constituted a third group called Group 3 that receive oropharyngeal administration of donor breast milk. Oropharyngeal administration were initiated within the first 48-72 hours of life and maintained for 48 hours. Before the oropharyngeal administration, 24 hours after and 14 days after, samples of blood and urine were collected from the newborns to IgA and lactoferrin dosage.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Birth weight \< 1500 g and gestational age \< 34 weeks

Exclusion Criteria:

* congenital anomalies
* gastrointestinal disorders
* maternal history of substance abuse or positive maternal HIV status.
ViscoTurf - Preventing Secondary Diabetic Foot Ulceration.

Diabetic Foot Ulceration (DFU) is one of the most common complication of diabetes costing the NHS over £970m annually. Management of foot ulcers is time-consuming and expensive with 45% taking more than six months to heal. Around 25% of patients re-ulcerate in 3 months, 40% within 1 year and 60% within 3 years and patients who have achieved wound closure are generally considered to be in remission rather than healed. A patient presenting with a foot ulcer has a greatly elevated risk of amputation while 80% of amputations can be prevented with the appropriate treatment, such as footwear intervention.

ViscoTurf is a novel, 3D printed, orthotic device designed specifically for this purpose. It emulates the function of natural turf to provide cushioning, optimised offloading and better microcirculation on the vulnerable areas of the plantar surface of the foot. This improves perfusion (the delivery of blood to the capillary bed) in the load bearing regions of the foot where the risk of re-ulceration is very high. An earlier feasibility study established proof-of-concept, showing ViscoTurf achieved a higher and longer-lasting increase in perfusion compared to conventional support structures. ViscoTurf insoles can be automatically designed to the foot size and 3D printed.

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the immediate effect of walking in Viscoturf insole (Turf-Like insoles) on skin perfusion and pressure at the sole of the foot in diabetic patients with history of ulceration. To achieve this, the immediate efficacy (effect as a result of walking for 15 meters) of Viscoturf insole will be assessed and compared to that of the standard flat insole. Intervention insole will be produced as 3D printed insole with the Turf-Like patches incorporated in the areas of interest, while the Standard Insole will be a standard 3D printed flat with NO Turf-like patches.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Type 1 OR Type 2 diabetes
* Over 18
* History of foot ulcer

Exclusion Criteria:

* History of recent major lower limb surgery (amputation) or revascularisation and orthopaedic reconstruction over the last 3 months
* Current active foot ulcer
* Not be able to walk unassisted for 15 meters
Comparing Enoxaparin to Fondaparinux to Prevent Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) in Bariatric Surgical Patients

This pilot study is designed to determine the feasibility of conducting a randomized clinical trial comparing fondaparinux sodium (Arixtra) once daily with enoxaparin (Lovenox®) twice daily with respect to preventing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) after bariatric surgery in obese patients.

In order to determine the feasibility of such a trial we need to determine the necessary sample size. In order to determine the necessary sample size, we need to obtain estimates of the incidence of DVT and the prevalence of PE using MRV in each treatment group. Descriptive statistics and 95% confidence intervals will be calculated to determine the incidence of DVT and the prevalence of PE using MRV in obese patients who have received treatment to prevent DVT and PE associated with bariatric surgery.

Anti-factor Xa levels will be used to help determine if treatments are reaching appropriate levels.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Men or women 18 years or older.
2. Body mass index (BMI) of 35kg/m2 or greater.
3. Undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgery, i.e., laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, laparoscopic Roux-en Y gastric bypass or laparoscopic duodenal switch.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. History of previous deep vein thrombosis.
2. History of previous pulmonary emboli.
3. History of documented clotting/coagulation disorder.
4. History of cancer.
5. Weight \< 50 kg or \> 200 kg or unable to fit in MRI scanner.
6. Presence of metallic foreign bodies
7. Recent history of smoking (within the last year).
8. History of venous stasis disease.
9. History of obesity hypoventilation syndrome.
10. Patients who are unable to lay flat for extended periods of time or are claustrophobic.
11. Patients who have a pacemaker, an implanted defibrillator or certain other implanted or electronic or metallic devices (implanted medical or metallic devices, shrapnel, or metal).
12. History of hypersensitivity reaction to anticoagulation products.
13. History of HIT (Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia.
14. History of Renal Insufficiency (Creatinine Clearance \< 50).
15. Active clinically significant bleeding.
16. Acute bacterial endocarditis.
17. BMI \> 60.
18. Patients with metallic foreign body or implant (unable to have an MRV study).