Effects of Shoulder Stabilization Exercises in the Office Workers With Shoulder Protraction

Office workers continuously work with the forward head posture. Forward head posture may cause upper extremity problems in the office workers due to the increase in the load on the muscles and joints of the cervical spine. This working posture may cause scapular rotation downward, increase in activation of the scapular muscles, pain, limited range of motion (ROM) and poor proprioception, which can create a vicious circle. Especially in the office workers that using computer vibration sensation reduction and upper extremity problems are seen. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of shoulder stabilization exercises on scapular dyskinesis, muscle strength, posture and proprioceptive sensory parameters in addition to office exercises in the office workers with shoulder protraction.

The study is planned so that scapular dyskinesia, muscle strength, posture and proprioceptive sense measurements will be taken at 3 different times (before treatment, 8th week and 12th week) for two independent groups (control and experimental groups).Based on the proprioception sense findings in our previous pilot study, the intergroup effect size was predicted to be approximately 0.35 (weak to moderate). Assuming that type I error is 5%, type II is 20%, and the correlation between repeated measurements is 80% (high correlation), the total sample size obtained with the help of G Power 3.1.9.2 software is calculated as 60 people. Individuals are randomly divided into two groups (by blocking method). Groups are matched by stratified random sampling/proportionate distribution by degree of shoulder protraction (acromion level below and above 6.5 cm) and gender.

Study data will be analyzed using the statistical software \[Statistical Package For The Social Sciences Software (SPSS 25.0)\].Frequency and percentage for continuous data, mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum value for categorical data will be reported. Independent sample t-test to determine the difference according to the groups in continuous variables, analysis of variance in repeated measures to determine the change over time, two-way analysis of variance in repeated measures with repetitions on a single factor to evaluate the group and time change together. Pearson chi-square and Fisher-Freeman-Halton test will be performed model to evaluate the difference according to groups in categorical variables. Bonferonni correction will be used for multiple comparisons, Friedman S and Cochran Q tests will be used to evaluate time-dependent variation, and two-way analysis of variance will be used for repeated measures with repetitions on a single factor to evaluate group and time variation together.The significance level will be accepted as 0.05.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* 25-40 age range
* Participants that working at the desk for at least 1 year and more than 4 hours per day
* Participants with The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Score of 15 or less
* Participants with pain severity of neck and upper extremity is 2 cm or less on visual analog scale in the last 6 months

Exclusion Criteria:

* Participants with disc herniation, spondylisthesis, degenerative arthritis or related surgery
* Participants with rotator cuff injury, acromioclavicular separation, dislocation and related surgical operations
* Participants with problems such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, severe osteoarthritis
* Participants who have received physiotherapy for the neck and upper extremity in the last 6 months