cyrilzakka/clinical-trials huggingface dataset:
Er:YAG Laser Treatment of Moderate Chronic Periodontitis

The Er:YAG laser possesses specific characteristics allowing to be used in non-surgical periodontal treatment. The aim of the resent study was to evaluate the long-term clinical effectiveness of Er:YAG laser monotherapy in the treatment of moderate chronic periodontitis and to compare it with conventional hand instrumentation.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: 451 teeth (1,099 periodontal pockets) from 30 patients with moderate chronic periodontitis (initial probing pocket depth 4 to 6 mm) were allocated for subgingival scaling and root planing in two groups - hand instrumentation (control) and Er:YAG laser instrumentation with 100mJ/15Hz (test). Using a computerized periodontal probe, patients were examined for probing pocket depth (PPD), gingival recession (GR), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), plaque presence (FMPS) at baseline, one, three, six and 12 months after instrumentation.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* at least two teeth per quadrant with PPD between 3,6 mm and 6,4 mm;
* loss of clinical attachment up to 4 mm
* bleeding on probing

Exclusion Criteria:

* periodontal treatment in the last 12 months;
* systemic diseases;
* systemic medication
"Serratus Anterior Plane Block" Versus "Serratus Posterior Superior Plane Intercostal Plane Block" for Patients Undergoing Breast Surgery

The Serrato Posterosuperior Block (SPSIP) is a recently discovered technique that provides analgesia to the hemithorax, shoulders, neck and back. At an anatomical level, it has been seen that this technique allows the diffusion of local anesthetic starting from C7 proceeding dorsally up to T10 by sectioning the trapezius, latissimus dorsi, rhomboid and erector spinae muscles. The serratus anterior block (SAPB) is a technique that allows local anesthetic to be injected between the serratus anterior muscle and the intercostal muscles (deep plane) or between the latissimus dorsi muscle and the serratus anterior muscle (superficial plane), also providing analgesia at of the chest wall. This study aims to compare the analgesic efficacy of SPSIPB and SAPB in patients undergoing radical mastectomy for breast cancer


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Adult Patient ( \> 18 years)
* Informed consent
* American Society of Anaesthesiologis Phisical Status I to III
* Patients undergoing for mastectomy with sentinel lynphnode byopsy/axillary clearence

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant women
* Allergy to any drug present in the protocol
Testing Intervention Strategies for Addressing Obesity and Binge Eating

The purpose of this study is to conduct a randomized pilot trial of a mobile intervention that targets obesity and binge eating.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Adults age 18 years or older
* Obesity (BMI ≥30)
* Recurrent binge eating (≥12 episodes in the past 3 months)
* Interested in losing weight and reducing binge eating
* Willing to use a mobile application
* Has a smartphone with Internet access and capacity for calls and text messaging
* Has a valid email address
* Has access to a scale
* Not pregnant
* English-speaking

Exclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis for which the study/intervention is not clinically indicated
* Not currently receiving clinical services for weight management or binge eating
The Effects of Auditory Stimulation During Sleep on Brain Networks in Schizophrenia

In this research study the investigators will use sleep headbands to measure brain rhythms and to improve their coordination across brain regions. The headbands will be worn at home for multiple nights. On some nights the headbands will play soft sounds at specific times during sleep. The investigators are interested in learning whether this timed auditory stimulation may be a strategy to improve the coordination of sleep rhythms across brain regions, improve network communication, and as a result, improve memory. The investigators will study 30 adults aged 18-45 with schizophrenia and 30 demographically matched healthy controls. Participants will first have a daytime MRI scan, during which they will complete a finger tapping motor sequence task (MST), followed by a week of sleep at home with a sleep headband. They will also do the MST at home on two of the nights. On the final day of the study, participants will return for a second MRI scan.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* 18-45 years old
* Fluent in English
* Able to give informed consent

Additional inclusion for Adults with schizophrenia:

* A DSM-V confirmed diagnosis of schizophrenia
* Unmedicated or maintained on a stable dose of APDs

Exclusion Criteria:

* Ferrous metal in the body
* Currently pregnant or breastfeeding
* Motor problems that preclude finger tapping task
* IQ \<85
* Other neurological disorders, including seizure disorder
* Significant hearing or vision loss
* Chronic medical conditions that affect sleep
* Unstable chronic medical condition such as asthma, diabetes, cystic fibrosis, or cardiac disease
* Diagnosed sleep disorder, except insomnia
* History of head injury resulting in prolonged loss of consciousness or other neurological sequelae

Additional Exclusion Criteria for Healthy adults:

* History of mental illness
* Current use of psychotropic medications or treatment with medications known to affect sleep or cognition
Post-cesarean Pain Control Via Continuous Infusion of Ropivacain et Diclogenac Into the Wound Versus Intathecal Morphine

The goal is to compare the quality of post-cesarean analgesia, the side effects and the incidence of residual scar pain obtained with intrathecal morphine (reference treatment) or with a continuous intra-wound solution including both ropivacain and diclofenac (experimental treatment).


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* single, normally progressing pregancy
* term \> 36 weeks amenorrhea
* BMI between 20 and 25 kg/m\^2 before pregnancy
* height between 55 and 90 kg
* cesarean section by Joel-Cohen or Pfannenstiel techniques
* patient has signed consent
* patient has social security coverage

Exclusion Criteria:

* Multiple pregnancy
* pathological pregnancy: hypertension (\>140/90 mmHg found during the pregnancy), pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes
* term \< 36 weeks amenorrhea
* non-pregnancy related maternal pathology (insufficiency)
* obesity (BMI \> 25 kg/m\^2 before pregnancy)
* height \< 155 cm or \> 180 cm
* weight \< 55 kg or \> 90 kg
* patient refuses to sign consent
* surgical technique other than Joel-Cohen or Pfannenstiel
* hepatic insufficiency (prothrombin \< 60%)
* contra-indications for rachianesthesia: infection, hemostasis problems (platelets \< 80.109/L, prothrombin \< 60%, TCA \> 40s)
* allergy to local anesthestics
* patient is participating in another study, or has participated in another study within the last 6 months
* patient is under any type of guardianship
Prospective Radiologic Evaluation of Changes Following Fat Grafting

Breast implants are currently used for cosmetic breast augmentation and in breast reconstruction following mastectomy for breast cancer. Fat grafting is a technique where fat is injected around the periphery of a breast implant to camouflage the transition between implant and the body. The investigators propose to show mammography images of women who have had breast implants with fat grafting to informed and blinded radiologists and evaluate their readings of the images.

Hypothesis: with mammographic screening, radiologists will be able to distinguish between findings associated with fat grafting and those which are suspicious for breast cancer.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Women with silicone implants and fat grafting

Exclusion Criteria:

* Procedures performed outside the University of Minnesota or Clinique Spontini Paris, France
Tight Glycemic Control in Acute Exacerbations of COPD

Glucose control has been shown as an important and independent prognostic factor in several acute conditions in hospitalized patients, including Acute MI, stroke, cardiac surgery and in critical care units.

Patients with acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD)and diabetes treated with insulin had a longer in-patient stay and more frequent isolation of Gram negative bacteria from sputum than those without diabetes.Hyperglycemia (\>11 mmol/l) on admission predicted failure of non-invasive ventilation and infectious pulmonary complications in patients admitted to the ICU with acute respiratory failure caused by severe AECOPD.

The primary goal of this study is to test the hypothesis that in AECOPD, tight glycemic control during hospital stay will improve outcome of hospitalization.

The secondary goal of this study is to test new ways in controlling patients in the internal medicine ward.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* current or past smokers (at least 20 py)
* patient with COPD be ATS criteria
* hospitalized with acute exacerbation, 2/3 criteria:1- worsening of SOB 2-change in sputum volume 3- change in sputum color
* signed informed concent

Exclusion Criteria:

* respiratory failure (pH\<7.35 ו Pco2\>60 )
* pneumonia
* pneumothorax
* bronchiectasis
* lung collapse
* congestive heart failure
* lung cancer
* suspected pulmonary emboli
* immune deficiency (acquired 0r congenital)
* cystic fibrosis
* post lung implantation
* asthma/ non smokers
Comparison of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) & Ferric Sulfate (FS) Pulpotomies

Comparison of clinical and radiographic success between Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Ferric Sulfate pulpotomies for primary molars. Recall appointments are completed 6 months, 9 months and 12 months.

Comparison of clinical and radiographic success between Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Ferric Sulfate pulpotomies for primary molars. Recall appointments are completed 6 months, 9 months and 12 months. Regular recall and follow up will be performed for patients who has MTA or FS pulpotomies. Clinical and radiographic findings will be recorded.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* ASA I,II
* Primary Molars diagnosed with normal or reversible pulpitis with vital carious pulp exposures
* Teeth that can have hemostasis can be achieved with pressure
* No clinical symptoms
* No radiographic signs of internal resorption or external root resorption

Exclusion Criteria:

* Primary Molars diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis or necrotic pulp
* Teeth that can not achieve hemostasis
* Teeth with abscess or fistula
* Teeth that have radiographic signs of internal resorption or external resorption
The Efficacy of Oral Versus Intravenous Hypertonic Saline Administration in Runners With Exercise-Associated Hyponatremia

The purpose of the study is to 1) evaluate incidence and primary cause of exercise-associated Hyponatremia (EAH) in race finishers participating in the Western States 100-mile Endurance Run, 2) determine if the ingestion of oral hypertonic saline (high salt) is as effective as intravenous administration of hypertonic saline to elevate below-normal blood salt concentrations (EAH) at the end of the Western States Endurance Run, and 3) determine if oral and intravenous hypertonic saline solutions are equally as effective at reversing mild (without altered mental status) symptoms associated with EAH.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* consenting Western States 100 race finisher
* hyponatremic

Exclusion Criteria:

* altered mental status
Community Engagement and Conditional Incentives to Accelerate Polio

Immunization is one of the most cost-effective and successful public health strategy in reducing the health, economic and societal burden of many infectious diseases. Pakistan and Afghanistan remain the only countries where polio is endemic, and Pakistan reports the most cases in the world. Although the rate is lower than in previous years, the situation remains alarming. This study objective is to decrease polio vaccine refusals and zero-dose vaccines by motivating behaviour change

Study Design:The study will adopt a pretest/post-test quasi-experimental approach with two intervention UCs and two control UCs. For each target, intervention SHRUC, a separate, matched control SHRUC of comparable size and location will be identified for eventual pre-post comparison. Children under-five will be eligible for inclusion.

Intervention: The intervention package will include community mobilization and incentivization. Clusters will be formed on a population of 2000-2500 in each intervention UC, thus approximately ten clusters in each. Project will form or liaise with community groups or committees (male and female) in each cluster, which are already operational in many parts of the target UCs. However, to focus on reducing polio vaccine refusals, our program will adopt a unique incentivization approach, preceded by trust-building community mobilization. Clusters will be determined based on the existing micro plans of the PPEP. Microplans are a population-based set of components, at UC-level, used by the program for delivering polio vaccination efficiently. Baseline and end-line surveys will be conducted in the target and control UCs.

Study Site: The study will be conduucted in district Karachi, Sindh and other in district Bannu, KP.

Intervention UCs: Haji Mureed Goth Karchi and Mira-Khel KP COntrol UCs : Nazivmabad UC 49 Karachi and Khwajamad- Bannu)

The research team will engage with multiple village/mohalla committees in the intervention UCs to address and eliminate misconceptions about polio. One-to-one meetings and group sessions which will be led by the committee members, to provide messages on childhood immunization with project-specific IEC material, will be held in each targeted cluster. These platforms would be helpful to identify and counsel their underlying fears and socio-psychological factors about the vaccines, such as painful neonatal experiences, mishandling, doubts, fear of vaccine-related side effects, distrust, etc.

The community-based incentives will be conditional based on the decrease in vaccine refusal rates within stipulated time. Communities successful in achieving these targets will be rewarded incentives to improve their infrastructure, including sanitation and hygiene, and water resources.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

• Household with at least one child 0-59 months of age

Exclusion Criteria:

• Thise not willing to participate in study
Bandage Contact Lenses for Corneal Abrasions

Two percent of all patients presenting to the Emergency Departments have complaints involving the eye. Corneal abrasions are a common diagnosis with patients with eye pain and often cause significant discomfort. Current treatment includes a thorough evaluation of the eye followed by patching, empiric antibiotics, cycloplegics and oral pain medicines. This study will be a randomized controlled trial to determine the safety and efficacy of BCLs. It will involve the initial patient evaluation followed by a return visit to the Emergency Department within 36 hours for re-examination. At each visit, the patient will be assessed for the size and location of the abrasion along with their report of pain using a visual analog scale. Data will be recorded on a standard data collection sheet. Telephone contact will be made at 30 days to ensure resolution of abrasion and that no complications ensued.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Subjects between ages 18-65 years who present to the emergency department.
* Traumatic corneal abrasion not associated with contact lens use or communicating or adjacent wounds to the eye.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant women
* Breast-feeding women
* Corneal abrasion associated with the wearing contact lenses
* Evidence of corneal ulcer, glaucoma or other ocular pathology, monocular vision
* Wound healing deficits such as collagen vascular disease or concomitant steroid use
* Use of other ocular medications, dry eyes, blepharitis
* Systemic infections
* Known allergies to medicines used in the study
Developing a Non-contact Sleep Apnoea Detector, Suitable for Home Studies- The Safescan Study

Sleep apnoea (SA) is a common condition in adults and children that causes disturbed sleep and daytime symptoms. It is characterised by disrupted breathing with disturbed sleep patterns. In adults this can lead to dangerous daytime sleepiness affecting for example driving performance. In children it may lead to hyperactivity in the day and poor school performance. There are a number of techniques for diagnosing the disorder but they can affect the quality of sleep which sometimes makes them inaccurate. Most are unsuitable for small children who cannot understand the value of the tests and tend to remove the monitoring wires and devices in the night. This study aims to validate a new non contact device "Safescan", based on low power radar technology, which can be put under a bed and record breathing patterns with no measuring device in contact with the sleeper. In this initial study the device will be validated in adults, against the gold standard of polysomnography (PSG) in the sleep laboratory at Royal Papworth Hospital.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Aged 18 years or older
* Able to give informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patient with known sleep disordered breathing using a treatment device (e.g. continuous positive airway pressure) on the night of the study.
* Polysomnography study records less than 4 hours of respiratory data
Exercise as a Primer for Brain Stimulation in Vascular Cognitive Impairment No Dementia (VCIND)

People with vascular conditions are at risk of having memory problems, and these memory problems increase the risk for further cognitive decline. Brain stimulation has been used to improve mood and memory. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is believed to work best on brain cells that are active or "primed" before stimulation. The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of exercise and tDCS on memory performance in patients who have completed cardiac rehabilitation and are at risk of cognitive decline.

Vascular disease is a major risk factor and contributor to dementia. Current interventions to manage vascular risk factors have mixed results. Presently, there are no consistently effective treatments targeting vascular cognitive impairment no dementia.

Study Aim: To evaluate the effect of exercise-primed tDCS on global cognition.

Study Design: Eligible participants will be randomized to one of four interventions: Exercise primer with tDCS, Treatment as usual (TAU/exercise education) with tDCS, or Exercise primer with sham tDCS, Treatment as usual with sham tDCS. Participants randomized to an exercise group will undergo exercise, followed by either sham or active tDCS. Participants randomized to TAU will receive written information in accordance with the Canadian Physical Activity Guidelines for older adults and tDCS or sham. Cognition, behaviour, neuroimaging and blood biomarkers will be measured.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* ≥50 years of age; females must be post-menopausal
* Presence of cerebrovascular and/or cardiovascular risk factors or coronary artery disease
* Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) \<27
* Sufficiently proficient in English
* Must be able to exercise at a moderate intensity level
* Presence of modest deficits (1 standard deviation below population norm) in one of the following domains: executive function, verbal memory, working memory, or visuospatial memory

Exclusion Criteria:

* History of stroke
* Change in psychotropics within the last 4 weeks
* Current benzodiazepine use due
* Metal implants that would preclude safe use of tDCS or neuroimaging
* Significant neurological or psychiatric conditions (current major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia)
* MoCA \<18 and/or clinical diagnosis of dementia
* Any medical contraindications to exercise
The Use of Different Types of Mesh for Prevention of Incisional Hernia Versus Primary Abdominal Suturing

The use of different types of mesh at different sites in prevention of incisional hernia after various abdominal incision versus primary abdominal suturing.

The burden of incisional hernia after abdominal exploration has raised the question if a prophylactic mesh placement during abdominal wall closure is of benefit.

The reported rate of incisional hernia after abdominal incisions varies from 4.2% up to a calculated risk of 73%. The impact on quality of life and annual health care costs has motivated various groups to research ways to decrease the rate of incisional hernia by optimizing the technique of abdominal wall closure.

One of the crucial risk factors of the genesis of incisional hernias is the malfunction of collagen synthesis. Other main risk factors are found to be obesity, steroid therapy, malnutrition, nicotine abuse, and other connective tissue diseases.

Since German physician Theodor Billroth's first suggested use of prosthetic material to close the hernia defect in 1890, continued interest lead to the development of a variety of surgical meshes and techniques for suture and mesh reinforcement to prevent incisional hernia . Overtime, RCTs have demonstrated the effectiveness of the use of prophylactic mesh in the prevention of incisional hernia. While surgeons world over use different techniques of positioning mesh in the prophylactic mesh repair (PMR) such as the Onlay, Sublay and Intraperitoneal positions, which can be associated with a high incidence of complications such as the postoperative seroma.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* informed consent
* patient age: ≥ 18 years
* patients undergoing elective or urgent open abdominal surgical procedure regardless of benign or malignant disease

Exclusion Criteria:

* age \<18 years
* navel site infection
* pregnancy
* expected survival \<12 month
* previous intra abdominal mesh placement
Correlation of Changes in PaO2 and ORi in Adult Patients

The Oxygen Reserve Index (ORi) is a reference that could help clinicians with their assessments of normoxic and hyperoxic states by scaling the measured absorption information between 0.00 and 1.00. An ORi of 0.00 corresponds to PaO2 values of 100mmHg and below and an ORi of 1.00 corresponds to PaO2 values of 200mmHg and above. This is a prospective, non-blinded, non-randomized study of the Oxygen Reserve Index (ORi) in a clinical setting. It is designed to evaluate the correlations with ORi and changes in PaO2 and the potential use of ORi as an early warning of impending arterial oxygen desaturation.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Age greater than 18 years
* ASA physical status III or IV
* Scheduled for an elective surgical procedure requiring endotracheal intubation and the use of an arterial pressure monitoring catheter placed prior to induction of general anesthesia

Exclusion Criteria:

* Age less than 18 years
* Adults unable to give primary consent
* Pregnancy
* Prisoners