cyrilzakka/clinical-trials huggingface dataset:
Examining Brain Responses Linked to Emotion in Individuals Who Smoke Cigarettes

The study will use functional magnetic resonance imaging and facial coding methods to study individuals who smoke cigarettes. Smoking expectancy (the extent to which one perceives an opportunity to smoke a cigarette) will be manipulated using instructions, and the investigators will examine the effects of this manipulation on two primary endpoints under conditions designed to induce an urge to smoke: (1) brain responses measured using fMRI and (2) subjective affective responses measured using facial coding. Secondary endpoints include self-report measures of the desire to smoke and current affect.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Participants must be between the ages of 21 and 55.
* Participants must be right handed.
* Participants must be fluent English speakers.
* Participants must report smoking at least 6 cigarettes per day continuously for at least the 12 preceding months.
* Participants must have a baseline expired air carbon monoxide (CO) exceeding a cutoff based upon prior research in order to verify smoking status.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Individuals will be excluded if they report that they are actively trying to quit smoking.
* Individuals will be excluded if they report that they have had significant cardiovascular disease (such as heart disease, heart attack, stroke, or angina) or respiratory disease (such as asthma, chronic bronchitis, or COPD) during the past year.
* Individuals will be excluded if they report that they have used any of the following illicit substances more than 10 times in the previous 30 days: marijuana, cocaine, opiates such as heroin, methadone, benzodiazepines (such as Valium, Xanax), barbiturates, amphetamines, methamphetamines, PCP, LSD or any other hallucinogen.
* Individuals will be excluded if they report that they are currently taking prescription medications that previously have been found to affect blood flow responses in the brain.
* Individuals will be excluded if they have any known risk from exposure to high-field strength magnetic fields (e.g., pace makers), any irremovable metallic foreign objects in their body (e.g., braces), or a questionable history of metallic fragments that are likely to create artifact on the MRI scans.
* Individuals will be excluded if they meet criteria for current dependence on a substance other than nicotine based upon a brief structured interview.
* Individuals will be excluded if they report that they are not willing to refrain from using alcohol and recreational drugs for 24 hours and nicotine for 12 hours before the experimental lab visit.
* Individuals will be excluded if they currently use nicotine products other than cigarettes (e.g., chewing tobacco, snuff, e-cigarettes, or smoking cessation products).
* Individuals will be excluded if they are claustrophobic or are prone to becoming very uncomfortable in confined spaces.
* Individuals will be excluded if they report that they exclusively or primarily smoke "roll-your-own" cigarettes.
Effects of Forskolin on Intraocular Pressure in Glaucomatous Patients Under Maximum Tolerated Medical Therapy

Elevated intraocular pressure is still the main risk factor for development and progression of glaucoma. Several drugs exist on the market that may decrease IOP in glaucomatous patients. However, some patients cannot reach the target pressure despite a multitherapy with a combination of drugs, and are therefore addressed to surgical treatments. Forskolin is a natural compound that is a receptor-independent adenyl-cyclase activator, that increases intracellular cAMP. It has been shown to be able to decrease IOP after topical application, by a mechanism that is not used by the other drugs. Aim of the present study is to see whether a food supplement containing forskolin (KRONEK) has any effect on the IOP of POAG patients that cannot reach their target pressure, and are therefore on the waiting list for surgical intervention.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Age: 30-70 Years
* Sex: both
* Pathology: POAG
* Characteristics: Target pressure not achieved with current treatments

Exclusion Criteria:

* Concomitant ocular pathologies
* Previous ocular surgery
* Known hypersensitivity to any of the components in the KRONEK tablets
* Concomitant participation in other trials
Tissue Sparing Surgery in Total Hip Arthroplasty

Rationale of the study is to evaluate through a prospective randomized controlled study if a modified direct superior posterolateral approach (sperimental approach) to the hip articulation which entirely spares i.e. avoids the sacrifice of the fascia lata might elicit a better outcome in terms of gait, balance, strengths recovery, clinical performance, patient reported outcome measurement (Short Form-12(SF-12); Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS)) and overall recovery time in patients undergoing TotalHipArthroplasty with the aid of dedicated, modified instrumentation in order to properly access this modified route.

The investigators expect an improvement on selected gait analysis parameters in sperimental approach in order of 2% of range of motion (ROM) recorded 1 month after surgery. Based on this assumption sample size calculation will be conducted.

Rationale of the study is to evaluate through a prospective randomized controlled study if a modified direct superior approach (experimental approach) to the hip articulation which entirely spares i.e. avoids the sacrifice of the fascia lata (posterolateral approach) might elicit a better outcome in terms of gait, balance,strenghts recovery, clinical performance, patient reported outcome measurements and overall recovery time in patients undergoing TotalHipArthroplasty with the aid of dedicated, modified instrumentation in order to properly access this modified route.Two patients groups will randomly be allocated in one of the two group with a computer generated 1:1 randomization table.Total number of subjects participating in the study:50.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:- Patients affected by:

* Non-inflammatory degenerative joint disease, including osteoarthritis
* Patients in the age from 60 to 85 included
* Consenting to actively participate in the study and in the rehabilitation follow up program as foreseen by the study
* 18 ≤ Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2
* patient without contralateral THA

Exclusion Criteria:-Revision procedures where other treatments or devices have failed

* Active infection or suspected latent infection in or about the hip joint
* Bone stock that is inadequate for support or fixation of the prosthesis
* skeletal immaturity
* any mental or neuromuscular disorder that would create an unacceptable risk of prosthesis instability, prosthesis fixation failure or complication in post-operative care
* Obesity (BMI ≥30kg/m2)
Interstitial Lung Disease and Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Clinically, all patients with interstitial lung disease(ILD) were observed, and relevant clinical data were collected. Bronchoscopic specimens were collected according to the condition of the enrolled patients, and the rapid on site evaluation(ROSE) was evaluated, combined with the metagenomic next generation sequencing(mNGS) results of these patients. To observe the etiology and biological characteristics of exacerbation in patients with interstitial lung disease.

All patients undergo polysomnography (PSG) and drug-induced sleep endoscopy(DISE). The biological specimens was obtained for molecular biology or other tests.We detected Claudin1, Claudin2, Claudin3, Claudin4, and IL22 as biomarkers to differentiate the diagnostic efficiency of OSA in ILD, ILD+OSA, OSA, and Ctrl groups, respectively


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion criteria:

* over 18 years old and under 80 years old.
* Clinical diagnosis of interstitial lung disease or obstructive respiratory sleep apnea syndrome.
* Patient is conscious and capable of signing informed consent.
* The patient may wear a polysomnograph.

Exclusion criteria:

* malignant tumors.
* severe heart failure.
* uremia.
* autoimmune diseases.
* pulmonary embolism, and end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
* Patients with mental illnesscannot sign informed consent on their own.
Study Of Cabozantinib Treatment In Patients With Unresectable, Locally Advanced Or Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Who Progressed After Previous Treatment With Checkpoint Inhibitors

To understand the epidemiology, treatment patterns and outcomes of patients with metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (mRCC). Data from mRCC patients who received cabozantinib versus non-cabozantinib Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI) (a type of targeted cancer drug) immediately after Check Point Inhibitor (CPI) treatment (a type of immunotherapy that blocks proteins that stop the immune system from attacking the cancer cells) in US community oncology practices will be analyzed.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Evidence of metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (mRCC) during the study period (May 01, 2016 to March 31, 2020);
* Patients who received cabozantinib or non-cabozantinib TKI regimens during identification period (May 01, 2016 to September 30, 2019);
* Patients who received CPIs, as monotherapy, or in combination with a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitor (e.g. ipilimumab+nivolumab), as the latest treatment for mRCC administrated before cabozantinib or other TKI therapy;
* Patients ≥ 18 years of age as of their index date
* Patients who received care at a US Oncology Network site
* Patients with ≥ 2 visits within the US Oncology Network.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients enrolled in a clinical trial at any time during index period
* Patients receiving treatment for another documented primary cancer diagnoses during the study period
Effects of Tupler and Scoop Exercises in Diastasis Recti

To compare the effects of tupler and scoop exercises on inter recti distance, low back pain, abdominal strength and urogynecological symptoms in diastasis.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* BMI 25kg\|m\^2 to 30kg\\m\^2or greater
* multiparous women
* Participants included will be 3 months post-partum females
* Caesarean delivery who will have with the presence of DRA \>2 finger width and \>2cm

Exclusion Criteria:

* patients who had hernia
* trauma to bowel or bladder
* malignancies
* neurologic disease and its associated balance disorders,
* pelvic or abdominal surgery (except for a caesarean section) were considered as the exclusion criteria of this study
Cortical Excitability and Treatment Response in People with Epilepsy

Epilepsy is a medical condition marked by the occurrence of unpredictable, recurrent seizures. One-third of people with epilepsy continue to experience seizures, despite having attempted multiple forms of anti-seizure medication (ASM). Currently, response to ASM is assessed on a trial-and-error basis as their efficacy can only be determined in hindsight. This causes delays in finding the proper treatment per individual. Responsiveness of the outer brain layer to external stimuli, termed cortical excitability (CE), may be used as additional means of treatment evaluation.

In this study, the investigators aim to measure CE before and after starting with ASM, so as to determine whether indicators of CE can be used to predict favorable response to the medication. Participants in this study are adult individuals with uncontrolled seizures that will start with the novel anti-seizure medicine cenobamate. The investigators hypothesize that, after starting with ASM, the CE will decrease in people with epilepsy who show a favorable response to the medication. Conversely, the investigators anticipate that the CE will not decrease in those that do not react to the mediation.

The investigators will address this hypothesis by evaluating both brain activity (electroencephalography, EEG) during rest and during different types of stimulation (magnetic, light flashes). Besides, the investigators will measure the subjective experiences of participants by using questionnaires on the quality of life and feelings of anxiety or depression. These measurements are performed at a baseline instance, just before starting with ASM, and at two instances after start with the ASM. Participants in the study will track the occurrence of seizures - using a diary - from 12 weeks before ASM start up till 12 months after ASM start. The investigators will compare seizure frequency with both changes in brain activity and subjective experiences by the participants.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* In agreement with their own neurologist to initiate adjuvant treatment with cenobamate
* Diagnosed with refractory focal epilepsy, which means two ASMs failed to cause seizure freedom.
* Age of 18 years or older
* Having kept a seizure diary for the past 12 weeks
* At least one seizure in the past 12 weeks.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Photosensitive epilepsy
* Any device or structure in the skull or in close proximity of the head area containing metal, including cochlear implants, implanted neurostimulators, cardiac pacemakers and intracardiac lines.
* Persistent skull opening following trauma or surgery
* Evidence (clinical or radiological) of major structural abnormality of the motor cortex or pyramidal tracts
* Any major psychiatric condition such as a psychotic disorder
* Pregnancy
* Learning disabilities preventing the comprehension of oral and/or written instructions
Comparison of Three Methods of Taking Temperatures in the Newborn Intensive Care Unit

Preterm infants will have their body temperature measured by three different devices in order to evaluate whether the newest device, a temporal artery scanning thermometer, is accurate for patients in the preterm period.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* preterm infants corrected to 30-35 weeks gestation
* current incubator set on air control between 28-30 degrees centigrade

Exclusion Criteria:

* infants \<30 and \>35 weeks gestation
* infants requiring \> 30 degrees centigrade in incubator on air control
* infants currently not in an incubator
Implementation and Evaluation of Hospital-to-Home Transitional Care Intervention in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure

This study lasted for a total of three months. The purpose is to build a hospital-family transitional nursing intervention program for patients with chronic heart failure, and to explore the effectiveness of the program on the self-management of patients with chronic heart failure, in order to provide certain empirical research for the clinical intervention of transitional nursing for patients with chronic heart failure. If you have any questions or difficulties, you can withdraw from this study at any time, which will not affect your treatment and nursing. The purpose of this study is to improve your self-care level and prevent your re-admission. It will not harm your physical and mental health and will not have a negative impact on the relationship between patients and nursing. You participate in this study and The personal data in the study is confidential, and any public report on the results of this study will not disclose your personal identity.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* It meets the diagnostic criteria of the New York Heart Association (NYHA) for CHF, and the heart function level is II to III;
* Age ≥18 years old;
* The condition is stable and meets the standard of being discharged from the hospital;
* Clear consciousness, no communication barriers, able to understand and fill in the questionnaire correctly;
* Informed consent and voluntary participation in this study.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with hepato-renal disfunction, sequelae of stroke, dementia;
* Patients with a history of mental disorders or already having mental disorders, critically ill patients.
Study of Acetaminophen (ACE) in Post-operative Dental Pain

This is a dental pain study evaluating the efficacy and safety of a single dose of test acetaminophen (ACE) (1000 mg) compared to commercial acetaminophen (1000 mg), ibuprofen (IBU) (400 mg), and placebo over a 6 hour period. Subjects will undergo dental extraction of three or four third molars.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Are 17 to 50 years of age
2. Weigh 100 lbs or greater and body mass index (BMI) 18 to 30 (inclusive)
3. Dental extraction of three or four third-molars.
4. Experience moderate to severe pain after extraction of third molars

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Currently pregnant (or planning to be pregnant) or nursing a baby
2. Known allergy to acetaminophen (ACE) or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
3. Inability to swallow whole large tablets or capsules
4. Have other conditions that the investigator feels may impact subject's safety and/or the integrity of the study
Tailored PCA Based on Preoperative Pain Sensitivity

Opioids via intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV PCA) are widely used for postoperative pain control. However, effective pain control with minimized side effects of analgesic agents is still challenging. Several studies reported that preoperative pain sensitivity measured by quantitative sensory test could predict postoperative pain. Therefore, the investigators planned this trial to evaluate the effectiveness of tailored patient-controlled analgesia based on preoperative pain sensitivity measured by pressure pain threshold in patients undergoing gynecological surgery.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* patients scheduled to undergo elective gynecological surgery under general anesthesia
* patients scheduled to use IV PCA for postoperative analgesia
* patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification I, II, III

Exclusion Criteria:

* contraindication to fentanyl use
* inability to communication
* age less than 18 years, or more than 80 years
* body weight less than 40kg, or more than 90kg
* morbid cardiovascular disease
* pregnancy
Effects of High Intensity Inspiratory Muscle Training on Exercise Capacity in Patients With Bronchiectasis

Reduced exercise tolerance is commonly reported in patients with bronchiectasis. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of high-intensity inspiratory muscle training (High-IMT) and sham High-IMT (control) on exercise capacity, respiratory muscle function (strength and endurance) and health related quality of life in patients with bronchiectasis.

Bronchiectasis often demonstrates decreased exercise tolerance, marked dyspnea and fatigue. The causes are multifactorial and include altered pulmonary mechanics, inefficient gas exchange, decreased muscle mass, and psychological status, which all lead to a progressive detraining effect. Essentially both the pathology and the functional manifestations of bronchiectasis increase the demand for inspiratory muscle work and that contribute to dyspnea and exercise limitation.

In recent studies reduced strength of respiratory muscles are investigated in bronchiectasis and can be contribute the exercise limitation. Additionally IMT has shown to improve respiratory muscle function, exercise tolerance and dyspnea in patients with bronchiectasis. Despite this, the number of studies are inadequate and so the optimal training protocol remains still to be defined. In this study the researchers want to investigate the effects of high-intensity inspiratory muscle training in functional results in patients with bronchiectasis.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* diagnosis of bronchiectasis with high resolution computed tomography
* being 18-65 years of age
* being able to walk and co-operate

Exclusion Criteria:

* acute exacerbation or change in drugs or usage of antibiotics in last 3 weeks
* neurological disease, severe orthopaedic problem or advanced heart failure
Clinical Study of Lipoic Acid on Ischemic Heart Failure

The study will evaluate the efficacy of alpha-lipoic acid(α-LA) on mortality in patients with ischemic heart failure (NYHA Class II - IV and EF =\< 45%).


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* patients ≥ 18 years of age, male or female.

  * Patients with a diagnosis of AMI (\>30 days) according to the global definition. ③Patients with a diagnosis of CHF (NYHA class II-IV) and reduced ejection fraction (EF =\< 45%) and elevated BNP（NT-proBNP≥600pg/ml or BNP≥150pg/ml; NT-proBNP ≥400 pg/mL or BNP ≥100 pg/mL if patients was hospitalized for heart failure within 12months).

    * Patients must be treated with standardized heart failure medications treatment at a stable dose for at least 4 weeks.

      * Patients must give written informed consent before any assessment is performed.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Use of other investigational drugs at the time of enrollment, or within 30 days or 5 half-lives of enrollment, whichever is longer.

  * allergy to any of the study drugs, drugs of similar chemical classes（Vitamin B） as well as known or suspected contraindications to the study drugs.

    * Previous history of intolerance to recommended target doses of α-LA.

      * Current acute decompensated HF (exacerbation of chronic HF manifested by signs and symptoms that may require intravenous therapy).

        ⑤ Symptomatic hypotension and/or a SBP \< 100 mmHg.

        ⑥ Severe liver function abnormalities (ALT or AST more than 3 times of the normal upper limit).

        ⑦ Estimated GFR \< 30 mL/min/1.73m2 as measured by the simplified MDRD formula.

        ⑧ Serum potassium \> 5.2 mmol/L.

        ⑨ Pregnant women or women preparing for birth.
Comparison of 250 ml Versus 500 ml of Fluid Challenge

The objective of fluid challenge is to increase oxygen delivery (DO2) in order to improve/restore tissue oxygen consumption (VO2). However the fluid challenge volume to administer stills in debate, some studies recommend to administer 250 mL. Previous studies suggested that 500 mL of fluid challenge administration may improve cardiac output and oxygen delivery. The relation between the amount of fluid expansion and oxygen delivery and oxygen consumption was not yet been studied in a randomized study in critical care patients. This is the purpose of this study.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Patient for whom the physician in charge decided to infuse fluid challenge because of signs of acute circulatory failure (systolic arterial blood pressure \< 90mmHg, and/or mean arterial blood pressure\< 65 mmHg, and/or the need of vasopressive amine infusion, and/or skin mottling, and/or diuresis \<0.5 mL/kg/h for more than 2 hours, and/or arterial lactate level\>2mmol/L.
* Echogenic patient
* Patient with a Stroke Volume (SV) variation with passive leg raising (PLR) more than 10%.
* Patient with regular sinus rhythm.
* Patient who received protocol information.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Age Under 18-year-old.
* Pregnancy.