A Study for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Comparison of fasting blood glucose levels in patients with Type 2 diabetes after 12 weeks of treatment with a new basal insulin analog or with insulin glargine.

Patients in this study will continue to use their stable prestudy dose of metformin and/or a sulfonylurea. Prestudy therapy also includes once daily insulin glargine or neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin. The 12-week active treatment phase will be followed by a 4-week follow-up period, during which patients will return to the basal insulin recommended by the investigator.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) for at least 1 year
* At least 18 years of age
* Using metformin and/or sulfonylurea(s) with once daily glargine or NPH for at least 3 months prior to the study. Prestudy dose requirements: insulin dose maximum 1.0 unit/kilogram/day (U/kg/day). Oral antihyperglycemic medications (OAMs): Metformin dose at least 1500 milligram/day (mg/day) and/or sulfonylurea dose at least half the maximum daily dose specified in the local package insert. OAM doses stable for 6 weeks prior to the study.
* Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) less than or equal to 10.5% before randomization
* Body Mass Index (BMI) 19 to 45 kilogram/square meter (kg/m²)
* Capable and willing to prepare and inject insulin with a syringe while continuing to use the prestudy OAMs, monitor own blood glucose; complete the study diary; be receptive to diabetes education; comply with study visits and receive telephone calls between visits
* Women of childbearing potential must test negative for pregnancy before receiving treatment and agree to use reliable birth control until completing the follow-up visit

Exclusion Criteria:

* Long-term use of short- or rapid-acting or premixed insulin within the 6 months before the study. Short-term insulin therapy or occasional use are permitted
* Use of any glucose-lowering medications not allowed by the inclusion criteria in the 3 months before entry into the study
* Use of prescription or over-the-counter medications to promote weight loss within 3 months before entry into the study
* Current participation in a weight loss program, or plans to do so during the study
* Treatment with any antibody-based therapy within 6 months prior to the study
* Use of chronic (\>14 consecutive days) systemic glucocorticoid therapy currently or within 4 weeks prior to the study
* More than 1 episode of severe hypoglycemia within 6 months prior to the study, or currently diagnosed with hypoglycemia unawareness
* 2 or more emergency room visits or hospitalizations due to poor glucose control in the 6 months preceding the study
* Liver disease
* History of renal transplantation, current renal dialysis, or creatinine \>2.0 milligram/deciliter (mg/dL) (177 micromole/Liter \[μmol\]/L)
* Cardiac disease with a marked impact on physical functioning
* Clinically significant electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities at screening
* Malignancy other than basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer
* Fasting triglycerides \>500 mg/dL
* Known diabetic autonomic neuropathy
* Known hypersensitivity or allergy to study insulin or its excipients
* Blood transfusion or severe blood loss within 3 months prior to entry into the study or known hemoglobinopathy, hemolytic anemia, or sickle cell anemia, or any other traits of hemoglobin abnormalities known to interfere with the HbA1c methodology
* Irregular sleep/wake cycle
* Women who are breastfeeding