Image-based AI Predictive Biomarkers for Precision Neoadjuvant Triple-negative Breast Cancer Treatment

Pear Bio has developed an organ-on-a-chip device together with a computer vision pipeline through which the response of an individual patient's tumor to different chemotherapy regimens can be tested simultaneously ex vivo. This study will recruit patients with early TNBC who are planned for standard of care neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery. The oncologist will be blinded to the response on the Pear Bio tool (the assay will be run in parallel with the patient's neoadjuvant chemotherapy). The primary objective of this study is to establish the sensitivity and specificity of Pear Bio's test against patient outcomes (pathological complete response).

This is a multicenter, UK-based, observational pilot study that aims to determine the accuracy of a new assay, the Pear Bio tool, in predicting pathological complete response (pCR) in patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy for early TNBC. Patients will undergo an additional, mandatory biopsy of the breast tumor before commencing neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The biopsy sample will be run on the Pear Bio tool while the patient receives their standard of care neoadjuvant chemotherapy. As such, for this study, the result from the Pear Bio tool will not be used to inform the choice of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and the treating oncologist will be blinded to the assay results. The pathological outcome from surgery (pCR vs non-pCR) will be collected and used to calculate the specificity of the assay as the primary endpoint of the study. Sensitivity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value will also be measured.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Able to give written informed consent prior to admission to this study.
* Female or male aged ≥18 years.
* Histologically confirmed invasive primary breast cancer which is triple-negative by the most recent ASCO/College of American Pathologists (CAP) guidelines.
* Stage I-III breast cancer planned for neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery.
* Primary breast tumor size ≥10 mm. For patients with bilateral tumors both of the breast tumors have to be TNBC and at least one has to be ≥10 mm.
* Willing to undergo a mandatory additional core needle biopsy from the primary breast mass prior to starting neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients with bilateral breast cancer only need to have one tumor biopsied if both tumors are ≥10 mm.
* Willing to donate 40mL of whole blood (cohort B only)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Inflammatory breast cancer.
* Inoperable or metastatic TNBC.
* Patients who have already commenced neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
* Treatment concurrently or within 4 weeks of commencing neoadjuvant chemotherapy with any experimental therapies. Patients who are due to receive standard of care neoadjuvant chemotherapy on the control arm of a trial may be eligible after discussion with the medical monitor.
* Secretory or adenoid cystic histological subtypes of triple-negative breast cancer.
* Any other disease, metabolic dysfunction, physical examination finding, or clinical laboratory finding that, in the investigator's opinion, gives reasonable suspicion of a disease or condition that may affect the interpretation of the results, render the patient at high risk from treatment complications or interferes with obtaining informed consent.