Determining the Physical Activity Level of Healthy Adults During Pandemic

Abstract Background: With Covid-19 pandemic, online education, remote and flexible working were introduced. Thus the process of stay-at-home began.

Purpose: The aim of the study is to determine level of physical activity of healthy adults in the pandemic process.

Methods: This is a descriptive survey study which was applied via internet. The physical activity level was evaluated with International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form. Healthy adults aged 18-65 years who live in Turkey were included in the study.

Study design This study, which was planned as a prospective, descriptive, cross-sectional survey study, had online-based questions. The participants answered the questions via the internet between April-July 2020. Ethical approval of the study was obtained from the Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Afyonkarahisar Health Science University (Date/issue:2020/318) and the study follows the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. All individuals were informed through written online documents and they were permitted to answer the questions after the informed consent approval button was clicked.

Participants Communication with the participants of the study was conducted via online survey software (Google Forms) and social media communication application (WhatsApp). The inclusion criteria for the participants were as follows; to be between the age of 18-65, healthy (physically, psychologically and cognitively) and to live in Turkey. Individuals with pregnancy, with a history of any surgery in the last 6 months, and with the presence of any acute or chronic diseases (infection-related, neurological, rheumatological, cardiovascular, orthopedic... etc.) were excluded from the study.

Outcome measures The demographic data of the participants and the International Physical Activity Questionnaires-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) were recorded using the internet. Participants needed approximately 10 minutes to answer the questions.

International Physical Activity Questionnaires-Short Form (IPAQ-SF): In our study, we used IPAQ-SF which was developed for international screening studies with the support of the WHO. The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the questionnaire were performed by Sağlam et al. (2010). The short form of the questionnaire (7 questions) provides information about walking, moderate and vigorous activities and time spent sitting. Total score calculation of the short form included the sum of frequency (days) and duration (minutes) of walking, moderate and vigorous activities. The energy required for the activities was calculated with the Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET)-minute score. The sitting score (sedentary behavior level) was calculated separately. A score as "MET-minute / week" was obtained by multiplying the minute, day and MET value (multiples of resting oxygen consumption). Walking time (minutes) was multiplied by 3.3 MET for the calculation of the walking score. During the calculation, 4 MET values for a moderate activities, and 8 MET values for vigorous activities were used. Following the calculation, a MET score under 600 was regarded as physically inactive; a score between 600 and 3000 was regarded as minimally active and a score of over 3000 was regarded as sufficiently active or Health-Enhancing Physical Activity.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

The inclusion criteria for the participants were as follows;

* to be between the age of 18-65,
* healthy (physically, psychologically and cognitively)
* to live in Turkey.

Exclusion Criteria:

* The exclusion criteria for the participants were as follows;
* individuals with pregnancy,
* to have a history of any surgery in the last 6 months,
* with the presence of any acute or chronic diseases (infection-related, neurological, rheumatological, cardiovascular, orthopedic... etc.)