ARVAC-A New Recombinant Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccine

The goals of this clinical trial are:

1. Phase 2: to test a gamma adapted recombinant vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in healthy adult volunteers, previously vaccinated against the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
2. Phase 3 (first volunteer enrollement on March 25, 2023): to test a recombinant vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 comparing three different versions (Gamma Variant RBD-based ARVAC-CG vaccine, Omicron Variant RBD-based ARVAC-CG vaccine, Bivariant Gamma/Omicron RBD-based ARVAC-CG vaccine), in adult volunteers previously vaccinated against the SARS-CoV-2 virus

The main questions to be answered are:

1. Phase 2:

   1. What si the immune response after one dose of vaccine?
   2. What is the safety and tolerability profile of this vaccine?
2. Phase 3 :

   1. What is the immune response triggered by each vaccine formulation against Wuhan, gamma, and omicron variants.
   2. What is the safety and tolerability profile of this vaccine?

In phase 2, participants will receive one dose of the study vaccine and one dose of placebo 28 days apart, in a cross-over design.

In phase 3 (not yet recruitment), participants will be randomized to receive one of the three possible types of vaccines and all of them will receive one dose of the corresponding vaccine and 1 dose of placebo 28 days apart, in a cross over design.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

- All subjects who meet the following general criteria will be considered eligible for this trial:

1. Male or female participants greater than or equal to 18 years of age
2. With the ability and willingness to comply with the prohibitions and restrictions specified in the protocol.
3. Have received a complete vaccine regimen against SARS-CoV-2 with no more than one booster dose (last dose received at least 4 months prior to study entry).
4. In fertile female volunteers, negative pregnancy test at the beginning of the study and commitment to use a contraceptive method from the date of signing the consent form until 3 months after vaccine study application. Use of a hormonal contraceptive method must begin at least 28 days prior to study vaccine application. The investigator should assess potential contraceptive method failure (e.g. non-compliance, recent onset) in relation to vaccination. Acceptable effective methods for this study include:

   a) hormonal contraceptive method: i) combined (containing estrogen and progestin) associated with the inhibition of ovulation (oral, intravaginal or transdermal); ii) with progestin only, associated with the inhibition of ovulation (oral, injectable or implantable); b) intrauterine device; c) intrauterine hormone release system; d) bilateral tubal ligation/occlusion procedure; e) single couple with vasectomy; f) sexual abstinence, which will be considered effective only if it is defined as abstaining from heterosexual relations from the date of signing the consent until 3 months after receiving the study vaccine. The reliability of sexual abstinence should be assessed in relation to the duration of the study and the participant's usual and preferred lifestyle.
5. Participant who agrees to not donate bone marrow, blood or blood products until 3 months after the last dose of study vaccine;
6. Participant who is able to read, understand, and complete electronic questionnaires about signs and symptoms of COVID-19 surveillance;
7. Negative PCR or antigen test for the SARS-CoV-2 virus at enrollment time.
8. Capable of granting their informed consent signed and dated by the volunteer under study, and the authorized physician.

Phase-specific inclusion criteria:

Phase 2:

1. Male or female participants between 18 and 60 years of age without known comorbidities.

Phase 3:

1. Male or female participants greater than or equal to 18 years of age with or without any chronic comorbidity stable and controlled based on the Investigator's judgment, not associated to a reduced immune response.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Exclusion Criteria:

  1. History of SARS-CoV-2 infection or known previous disease, within 90 days prior to study entry (at least 90 days from epidemiological discharge).
  2. Administration of any commercial or not commercial vaccine, based on:

     1. Live attenuated virus within 28 days prior to study entry.
     2. Killed virus within 14 days prior to study entry.
  3. Individuals that have not received a complete primary vaccination schedule against SARS-CoV-2 virus (1 or 2 doses, depending on the vaccine used in the primary schedule).
  4. Administration of complete primary vaccination schedule against SARS-CoV-2 virus (1 or 2 doses, depending on the vaccine received) or a booster dose, within 4 months prior to the start of the study.
  5. Administration of more than one booster dose after a complete primary vaccination schedule against SARS-CoV-2 virus.
  6. Individuals that have scheduled to receive any other commercial vaccine in the following 3 months after receiving the study vaccine dose.
  7. Individuals that have participated in a research study within 60 days prior to the start of the study.
  8. History of known allergies or a history of anaphylaxis or any other serious adverse reaction with other vaccines or their excipients.
  9. History of alcoholism or substance abuse that prevents compliance with the characteristics of the protocol.
  10. Acute infectious disease at enrollment (this does not include minor conditions such as diarrhea or mild upper respiratory tract illness) or temperature ≥38. 0°C within 24 hours prior to scheduled study vaccination; later admission is permitted at the discretion of the investigator and after the Sponsor agreement.
  11. Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than 35 kg/m2.
  12. History of any clinical condition that affects the function of the immune system, including, but not limited to:

      1. Clinical conditions (e.g. autoimmune disease or possibly immune-mediated disease or known or suspected immunodeficiency; diabetes mellitus type I or II, chronic kidney disease, etc.).
      2. Chronic or recurrent use of systemic corticosteroids in the 6 months prior to study vaccine administration and during the study. A substantially immunosuppressive dose of steroids is considered ≥2 weeks of daily administration of 20 mg prednisone or equivalent.
      3. Administration of antineoplastic and immunomodulatory agents or radiation therapy within 6 months prior to study vaccine administration or during the study.
  13. The volunteer has any contraindication to receive intramuscular injections and/or blood draws.
  14. The volunteer has received an investigational drug (including drugs related to COVID-19 prophylaxis) or used an investigational invasive medical device in the past 30 days or has received investigational immunoglobulin or monoclonal antibodies within 3 months (participation in an observational study is allowed at the discretion of the investigator, previously informing the Sponsor about this decision).
  15. The volunteer has a history of acute polyneuropathy (e.g. Guillain Barré syndrome).
  16. The volunteer underwent a surgical procedure that required hospitalization (defined as hospitalization for more than 24 hours or overnight hospitalization), in the 12 weeks prior to vaccination, or has not recovered completely from surgery that required hospitalization or is scheduled for surgery that will require hospitalization during the time he/she is expected to participate in the study or within 6 months of study vaccine administration.
  17. The participant is pregnant, plans to become pregnant within 3 months after the administration of the vaccine, or is in postpartum or lactation period.
  18. Any condition or finding regarding the participant that, in the opinion of the researcher, could put the subject under investigation at risk, or interfere with the interpretation of the results of the study.

Some events may be considered only a temporary contraindication to receiving the study vaccine. Such is the case of:

* Clinically significant acute illness at the time of vaccination. This does not include minor illnesses such as diarrhea or a mild respiratory tract infection.
* Fever (temperature ≥38.0°C) in the 24 hours prior to the application of the vaccine under study. A disease that, in the opinion of the investigator, may interfere with the reactogenicity/safety evaluations of the first days after the study vaccine.

If any of these events occur at the time of vaccination, vaccination may be postponed until resolution of the event, provided that it occurs within the permitted screening period (15 days of initial testing). If the box is resolved beyond the allowed window of the selection, all initial analyses must be repeated.