A Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy of LB1148 for Subjects Undergoing Elective Bowel Resection

The purpose of this study is to assess the safety, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of LB1148 in subjects undergoing elective bowel resection. During abdominal surgery, surgeons handle, manipulate, and often make incisions in the bowel. These actions can create bruising, lesions, and microscopic damage to the bowel, which may allow digestive enzymes to cross the intestinal mucosal barrier potentially resulting in injury both locally and remotely. Leaking digestive enzymes may delay return of normal gastrointestinal (GI) function, lead to a lack of motility in the intestine (ileus), and promote the formation of intestinal scar tissue (adhesions).

The intestinal mucosal barrier plays a key role in both acute critical care medical conditions as well as burdensome chronic diseases. Healthy maintenance of the intestinal mucosal barrier requires oxygenation and blood flow and avoidance of mechanical or physical injury. Potent digestive enzymes are maintained within the intestine as long as normal blood flow continues and no damage or disturbances to the wall occur.

Breakdown of the intestinal mucosal barrier can be produced by wide variety of events. These include prolonged low blood pressure (e.g. during shock), disruption of blood flow (e.g. during ischemia), and physical and mechanical perturbations (e.g. during trauma or abdominal surgery).

One of the key advances toward the use of LB1148 to reduce postoperative complications was the learning that with more subtle perturbations of the mucosal barriers, such as during abdominal surgery, intraluminal pancreatic digestive enzymes played a role in GI dysfunction. Perioperative oral administration of LB1148 in preclinical models was sufficient to reduce the delayed return of GI function. Furthermore, the reduction in pancreatic digestive enzyme-induced tissue damage resulted in a profound reduction in postoperative adhesion formation. Together, these preclinical studies provide evidence that blocking pancreatic digestive enzymes with LB1148 in the intestine reduces local tissue damage, preserves GI function, and reduces adhesion formation.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Subjects will be eligible for participation in the study only if they meet ALL of the following inclusion criteria:

  1. Scheduled to undergo an elective (non-emergent) bowel resection. This includes any subject in which a resection of the small intestine, colon, or rectum is performed for any elected indication.
  2. The subject has been informed of the nature of the study, agrees to its provisions, and has provided written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Subjects will not be eligible for participation in the study if they meet ANY of the following exclusion criteria:

  1. Subjects who are \< 18 or \> 85 years of age.
  2. Subjects who require emergency bowel surgery.
  3. Subjects who have had 2 or more abdominal surgeries, excluding the current, for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including, but not limited to, IBD, Crohn's Disease, or ulcerative colitis. Note: This does not apply to previous surgeries such as hernia repair unrelated to IBD.
  4. Subjects who meet the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) definition for Class 4 or 5 disease.
  5. Known inability to take the study drug orally (i.e. complete small bowel obstruction).
  6. Subjects with contraindications or potential risk factors to taking TXA. These include:

     1. Known sensitivity to TXA
     2. Recent craniotomy (past 30 days)
     3. Active cerebrovascular bleed
     4. Active thromboembolic disease (such as deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, cerebral thrombosis, ischemic stroke, or acute coronary syndrome)
     5. Acute promyelocytic leukemia taking all-trans retinoic acid for remission induction
     6. Continuing use of a combined hormonal contraceptive and/or combined hormonal replacement therapy (including combined hormonal pill, patch, or vaginal ring).
  7. Subjects who have the following risk factors for thromboembolic disease:

     1. Known medical history of congenital or acquired thrombophilia such as, but not limited to:

        * Sickle cell disease
        * Nephrotic syndrome
        * Factor V Leiden
        * Prothrombin gene mutation
        * Protein C or S deficiency
        * Antithrombin III deficiency
        * Antiphospholipid syndrome
     2. Neurologic paresis, partial paralysis, or paralysis
     3. Presence of a pacemaker
     4. History of pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, cerebrovascular accident, or retinal venous/arterial occlusion.
  8. History of or current seizure disorder.
  9. Subjects with myeloproliferative disorders.
  10. Subjects with a Body Mass Index (BMI) \> 40.
  11. Any other condition that, in the opinion of the Investigator, would preclude the subject from being an appropriate candidate for the study, including severe renal or hepatic impairment.
  12. Planned treatment with alvimopan (Entereg®) during study participation period.
  13. Subjects who have received any other investigational therapy within 4 weeks.
  14. Subjects with a history of chronic opioid usage, defined by the American Pain Society as daily or near-daily use of opioids for at least 90 days.
  15. Female subjects of childbearing potential with a positive urine or serum pregnancy test or who are not taking (or not willing to take) acceptable birth control measures (abstinence, intrauterine device, contraceptive implant or barrier method) through Study Day 30. Additionally, those women who are lactating and insist on breast feeding within 5 days of the last dose of study drug, are excluded.
  16. Subjects with a known history of radiation enteritis.