Assess the Safety and Immunogenicity of NDV-HXP-S Vaccine in Thailand

This study will be conducted in 2 phases. Phase 1 designed to evaluate safety, tolerability and immunogenicity COVID-19 vaccine (NDV-HXP-S) administered at different doses levels (1, 3, and 10 µg) without adjuvant, and at two different dose levels (1 and 3 µg) with the adjuvant CpG 1018 among healthy adults, (age 18-59 years) (210 subjects). Subjects will receive 2 doses of assigned investigational product (IP) on D1 and D29 (V1 and V3), and be assessed in clinic for safety and reactogenicity at 7 days after each vaccination (day 1 as day vaccination). An interim analysis of Phase 1 data will be conducted as the basis for decisions about advancement to Phase 2 of the study and about treatment group down selection. Phase 2 (250 subjects) will include approximately one-third subjects with age 60-75 years.

This study (GPO NDV-HXP-S) will be conducted in 2 phases. Phase 1 will evaluate the safety, tolerability and immunogenicity COVID-19 vaccine (NDV-HXP-S) administered at different doses levels (1, 3, and 10 µg) without adjuvant, and at two different dose levels (1 and 3 µg) with the adjuvant CpG 1018 among healthy adults, (age 18-59 years, 210 subjects). NDV-HXP-S or placebo (0.9% normal saline for injection) will administer IM according to a repeat vaccination schedule (given 28 days apart). In addition, as exploratory objectives, a total of 36 subjects will be randomly selected (1:1:1 ratio) from placebo and two high-dose groups i.e., NDV-HXP-S 10 µg and NDV-HXP-S 3 µg + CpG 1018, to provide additional blood at V1, V5 and V7 for assessment of T-cell-mediated immunity (CMI). An interim analysis of Phase 1 data will be conducted as the basis for decisions about advancement to Phase 2 of the study and about treatment group down selection.

In the Phase 2 study, 250 subjects aged 18-75 years will be randomized (1:2:2) to placebo (0.9% normal saline for injection), or one of two selected formulations of NDV HXP S being evaluated in Phase 1 will be enrolled to Phase 2 study. Twelve subjects in each of the three Phase 2 groups (distributed among the two age strata) will be randomized to provide additional blood at V1, V5 and V7 for assessment of T-cell-mediated immunity (CMI).

Unblinding will be done as per specific SOP provided by Sponsor. The PI will be expected to provide a rationale for the necessity of unblinding, based on the expectation that knowledge of the subject's treatment assignment will have a meaningful impact on the subject's medical care in the short term. If a subject's treatment assignment is unblinded, the subject will remain in the study and continue with protocol-defined study visits and procedures, unless there is another reason for subject discontinuation.

Scheduled unblinding regarding safety concern during severe COVID-19 situation:

The elderly subjects (60-75 years) who received placebo will be unblinded and discontinued as soon as COVID-19 vaccine (AstraZeneca) become available from Sponsor. If unblinding is occurred before complete enrollment of 75 elderly subjects, the randomization assignment will be skipped in placebo arm. Therefore, no further subjects will be randomly assigned to receive placebo after unblinding.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Phase 1 Only:

1. Adult 18 through 59 years of age, inclusive, at screening
2. Healthy, as defined by absence of clinically significant medical condition, either acute or chronic, as determined by medical history, physical examination, screening laboratory test results, and clinical assessment of the investigator.

Phase 2 Only:

1. Adult 18 through 75 years of age, inclusive, at screening.
2. Having no clinically significant acute medical condition, and no chronic medical condition that has not been controlled within 90 days of randomization, as determined by medical history, physical examination, screening laboratory test results, and clinical assessment of the investigator.

Both Phase 1 and Phase 2:

1. Has provided written informed consent prior to performance of any study-specific procedure.
2. Has a body mass index (BMI) of 17 to 40 kg/m2, inclusive, at screening.
3. Resides in study site area and is able and willing to adhere to all protocol visits and procedures.
4. If a woman is of childbearing potential, must not be breastfeeding or be pregnant (based on a negative serum pregnancy test at screening and a negative urine pregnancy test during the 24 hours prior to receipt of the first dose of IP), must plan to avoid pregnancy for at least 28 days after the last dose of IP, and be willing to use an adequate method of contraception consistently and have a repeated pregnancy test prior to the second (last) dose of IP.

Exclusion Criteria:

Phase 1 Only:

1. A positive serologic test for SARS-CoV-2 IgG test.

Both Phase 1 and Phase 2:

1. Use of any investigational medicinal product within 90 days prior to randomization or planned use of such a product during the period of study participation.
2. History of administration of any non-study vaccine within 28 days prior to administration of study vaccine or planned vaccination during the course of study participation Note: receipt of any COVID-19 vaccine that is licensed or granted Emergency Use Authorization in Thailand during the course of study participation is not exclusionary if administered after Visit 5
3. Previous receipt of investigational vaccine for SARS or MERS, or any investigational or licensed vaccine that may have an impact on interpretation of the trial results
4. History of hypersensitivity reaction to any prior vaccination or known hypersensitivity to any component of the study vaccine
5. History of egg or chicken allergy
6. History of angioedema
7. History of anaphylaxis
8. Acute illness (moderate or severe) and/or fever (body temperature measured orally ≥38°C)
9. Any abnormal vital sign deemed clinically relevant by the PI.
10. Abnormality in screening laboratory test deemed exclusionary by the PI.
11. A positive serologic test for SARS-CoV-2 IgM test, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV 1/2 Ab), hepatitis B (HBsAg) or hepatitis C (HCV Ab)
12. History of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 (RT-PCR positive to SAR-CoV-2)
13. History of malignancy, excluding non-melanoma skin and cervical carcinoma in situ
14. Any confirmed or suspected immunosuppressive or immunodeficient state
15. Administration of immunoglobulin or any blood product within 90 days prior to first study injection or planned administration during the study period.
16. Administration of any long-acting immune-modifying drugs (e.g., infliximab or rituximab) or the chronic administration (defined as more than 14 days) of immunosuppressants within six months prior to first study injection, or planned administration during the study period (includes systemic corticosteroids at doses equivalent to ≥ 0.5 mg/kg/day of prednisone; the use of topical steroids including inhaled and intranasal steroids is permitted).
17. History of known disturbance of coagulation or blood disorder that could cause anemia or excess bleeding. (e.g, thalassemia, coagulation factor deficiencies).
18. Recent history (within the past year) or signs of alcohol or substance abuse.
19. Any medical, psychiatric or behavior condition that in the opinion of the PI may interfere with the study objectives, pose a risk to the subject, or prevent the subject from completing the study follow-up.
20. Employee of any person employed by the Sponsor, the contract research organization (CRO), the PI, study site personnel, or site.

Note: specific exclusion criteria (e.g., ≥Grade 2 acute illness, or abnormal vital sign deemed clinically relevant by the PI) will be reassessed at both vaccination visits. Any subject who cannot be vaccinated due to an acute abnormality assessed at a vaccination visit (Visit 1 or Visit 3) may return once the acute issue has resolved, if deemed appropriate by the PI. A minimum of 48 hours must have passed after a documented fever before a subject can be vaccinated. This safety requirement will not be deemed a protocol deviation should the visit fall outside the vaccination window; however, it will be encouraged to maintain the vaccination window whenever possible in these situations. Clinical laboratory test results and vital signs used to determine subject eligibility will be those obtained at screening. These tests may be repeated once if deemed appropriate by the investigator and determined to be due to a transient condition that has resolved. In addition, a test may also be repeated for test results determined to be spurious by the investigator (e.g., following improper specimen collection). The last measurement will be taken as the baseline for purposes of analysis.