Cognitive Phenotyping of Severe Psychiatric Disorders (PSYCOG)

The identification of transnosographic dimensions constituted by cognitive disorders constitutes a particularly promising avenue for classifying psychiatric disorders in a more precise and personalized manner. However, despite interesting preliminary data, there is no exhaustive phenotyping of the different cognitive disorders in large samples where all severe psychiatric disorders are represented. Moreover, the brain mechanisms underlying cognitive disorders remain poorly understood, whereas their identification would allow a better understanding of the pathophysiology of these disorders as well as the identification of potential therapeutic targets.

Here, the investigators will compare cognitive-behavioral performance in patients with different types of severe psychiatric disorders (psychotic disorders, depressive disorders, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, autism spectrum disorders and eating disorders) and healthy volunteers to identify specific and shared cognitive alterations between the different severe psychiatric disorders. In addition, the investigators will compare neurophysiological cognitive data in to identify alterations in neurophysiological cognitive mechanisms that are specific to and shared between the different severe psychiatric disorders.

The investigators will include 180 patients suffering from a severe psychiatric disorder (psychotic disorder, mood disorder (depressive and bipolar disorders), anxiety disorder, autism spectrum disorder and eating disorder) and benefiting from cognitive phenotyping (neuropsychological assessment and possibly EEG) as part of the initial assessment for a severe psychiatric disorder. In parallel, the investigators will include 180 healthy volunteers The different variables corresponding to the judgment criteria will be compared between the groups by being included as dependent variables in mixed linear regression models (ANOVA; or KRUSKAL-WALLIS if non-parametric) with the group as independent factor, time (before, after treatment) and type of treatment.

This study will allow the constitution of a transnosographic atlas of neuro-cognitive deficits in different psychiatric pathologies.

* Context : The identification of transnosographic dimensions constituted by cognitive disorders constitutes a particularly promising avenue for classifying psychiatric disorders in a more precise and personalized manner. However, despite interesting preliminary data, there is no exhaustive phenotyping of the different cognitive disorders in large samples where all severe psychiatric disorders are represented. Moreover, the brain mechanisms underlying cognitive disorders remain poorly understood, whereas their identification would allow a better understanding of the pathophysiology of these disorders as well as the identification of potential therapeutic targets.
* Method: Research involving the human being, prospective observational, monocentric (CHU Grenoble Alpes).
* Main objective : to compare cognitive-behavioral performance in patients with different types of severe psychiatric disorders (psychotic disorders, depressive disorders, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, autism spectrum disorders and eating disorders) and healthy volunteers to identify specific and shared cognitive alterations between the different severe psychiatric disorders. The primary outcome is the comparison of cognitive-behavioral performance composite scores corresponding to response rates (in %) for each cognitive dimension between the different severe psychiatric disorder groups and the healthy subjects.
* Secondary objective 1: The first secondary objective of PSYCOG is to compare neurophysiological cognitive data in patients with different types of severe psychiatric disorders (psychotic disorders, depressive disorders, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, autism spectrum disorders and eating disorders) and healthy volunteers to identify alterations in neurophysiological cognitive mechanisms that are specific to and shared between the different severe psychiatric disorders. Outcome will be the comparison of neurophysiological data from EEG recordings (evoked potentials, spectral dynamics, and brain source) recorded simultaneously with the performance of behavioral tasks for each cognitive dimension between the different severe psychiatric disorder groups and healthy subjects.
* Secondary objective 2: The second secondary objective of PSYCOG is to compare cognitive behavioral performance before and after treatments recommended and routinely prescribed to patients evaluated for a severe psychiatric disorder (psychotropic drug treatment, non-invasive neurostimulation, psychotherapy, psychoeducation, depending on the case) within the different groups of patients with severe psychiatric disorders. Outcome will be the comparison of behavioral data (response rates, reaction times, modeling parameters) from neuropsychological tests before and after treatment (up to + 6 months) in the different groups of patients with severe psychiatric disorders.
* Secondary objective 3: The third secondary objective of PSYCOG is to compare the neurophysiological cognitive data associated with cognitive behavioral tests before and after treatments recommended and routinely practiced in patients evaluated for a severe psychiatric disorder (psychotropic drug treatment, non-invasive neurostimulation, psychotherapy, psychoeducation as the case may be) within the different groups of patients with severe psychiatric disorder. Outcome will be the comparison of neurophysiological data obtained from EEG recordings (evoked potentials, spectral dynamics and brain source) associated with behavioral tests before and after treatment (up to + 6 months) in the different groups of patients with severe psychiatric disorder.
* Inclusion criteria for patients: 18 to 65 years of age, patients suffering from a severe psychiatric disorder (psychotic disorder, mood disorder (depressive and bipolar disorders), anxiety disorder, autism spectrum disorder and eating disorder), patient benefiting from cognitive phenotyping (neuropsychological assessment and possibly EEG) as part of the initial assessment for a severe psychiatric disorder, proven non-opposition to participation in the study, ability to perform cognitive tests: speaking and understanding French easily, presence of an identified support person, absence or presence of a property protection measure such as curatorship or guardianship
* Inclusion criteria for healthy volunteers: between the ages of 18 and 65, proven non-opposition to participating in the study, ability to perform cognitive tests: able to speak and understand French
* Non inclusion criteria: impossible to collect information on exposure (subjects recently arrived in France, foreign language ...), history of coma, epilepsy, head trauma with loss of consciousness over 10 minutes, scalp pathology, subject included in another clinical and/or therapeutic experiment in progress involving the testing of a therapeutic treatment or a drug treatment, opposition to participation in research, inability to perform cognitive tests: non-psychiatric (somatic) condition likely to affect cognitive abilities, sensory or peripheral motor deficits, clinical condition in acute phase (agitation, altered consciousness), protection of property measure such as safeguard of justice, healthy volunteers only: past or current severe psychiatric disorder (psychotic disorder, mood disorder (depressive and bipolar disorders), anxiety disorder, autism spectrum disorder and eating disorder).
* Sample: 360 subjects: 180 patients (30 subjects per group: (6 groups of 30 patients corresponding to severe psychiatric disorders: psychotic disorders, depressive disorders, bipolar disorders, anxiety disorders, autism spectrum disorders, eating disorders) and 180 healthy volunteers
* Procedure: After the patient / healthy volunteer has been informed about the study and has not objected to participating during a routine consultation, the patient / healthy volunteer will be included in the study. Cognitive tests will be collected as part of the patient's usual follow-up according to the pathology.
* Statistics: The different variables corresponding to the judgment criteria will be compared between the groups by being included as dependent variables in mixed linear regression models (ANOVA; or KRUSKAL-WALLIS if non-parametric) with the group as independent factor, time (before, after treatment) and type of treatment.
* Deliverables: constitution of a transnosographic atlas of neuro-cognitive deficits in different psychiatric pathologies.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion criteria for patients:

* 18 to 65 years of age,
* Suffering from a severe psychiatric disorder (psychotic disorder, mood disorder (depressive and bipolar disorders), anxiety disorder, autism spectrum disorder and eating disorder),
* Benefiting from cognitive phenotyping (neuropsychological assessment and possibly EEG) as part of the initial assessment for a severe psychiatric disorder, proven non-opposition to participation in the study, ability to perform cognitive tests: speaking and understanding French easily, presence of an identified support person, absence or presence of a property protection measure such as curatorship or guardianship

Inclusion criteria for healthy volunteers:

* ages 18 to 65,
* proven non-opposition to participating in the study,
* ability to perform cognitive tests: able to speak and understand French

Exclusion criteria:

* impossible to collect information on exposure (subjects recently arrived in France, foreign language ...),
* history of coma, epilepsy, head trauma with loss of consciousness over 10 minutes, scalp pathology,
* subject included in another clinical and/or therapeutic experiment in progress involving the testing of a therapeutic treatment or a drug treatment,
* opposition to participation in research,
* inability to perform cognitive tests: non-psychiatric (somatic) condition likely to affect cognitive abilities, sensory or peripheral motor deficits, clinical condition in acute phase (agitation, altered consciousness),
* protection of property measure such as safeguard of justice,
* For healthy volunteers only: past or current severe psychiatric disorder (psychotic disorder, mood disorder (depressive and bipolar disorders), anxiety disorder, autism spectrum disorder and eating disorder).