Efficacy, Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Gammaplex in Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases.

The main objective of this study is to see if GAMMAPLEX is efficacious with respect to Food and Drug Administration (FDA) minimal requirements (no more than 1 serious, acute, bacterial infection per subject per year) in subjects with Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases (PID). The secondary objectives are to assess the safety and tolerability of GAMMAPLEX and to determine if GAMMAPLEX has a pharmacokinetic (PK) profile comparable with that of intact Immunoglobulin G (IgG) in subjects with PID.

Primary Efficacy Variable The primary variable is the number of serious, acute, bacterial infections/subject/year, and it will be based on the total of all of the following events as defined by the FDA: bacterial Pneumonia, bacteremia/sepsis, osteomyelitis/septic arthritis, visceral abscess, and bacterial meningitis.

Secondary Efficacy Variables Secondary efficacy will be determined by using the following variables: number of days of work/school missed because of infection per subject year; number and days of hospitalizations because of infection per subject year; number of visits to physicians for acute problems and/or number of visits to hospital emergency rooms per subject year; other infections documented by fever or a positive result on a radiograph and/or culture; number of infectious episodes per subject per year; number of days on therapeutic antibiotics.These data will be entered into the subject diary, confirmed by the physician, and entered on the electronic-CRF (e-CRF).

Safety Variables. The variables used to assess safety will be the following: adverse events (AEs); vital signs; clinical laboratory tests and Direct Coombs' Test; transmission of viruses; physical examination.

Test product, dose/mode of administration, batch number(s): The GAMMAPLEX dose is 300-800 mg/kg/infusion (milligram per killgram per infusion) every 21 or 28 days, intravenously. At least 2 batches will be used in this study and no more than 1 batch in any given infusion.

Duration of treatment:

The total duration of treatment is 12 months.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* 1. The subject is 3 years of age or older, of either sex, belonging to any ethnic group, and above a minimum weight of 27.5 kg. This weight is based on the amount of blood required for testing. If subject is participating in the PK segment, the minimum weight required is 37 kg.

  2. The subject has a primary immunodeficiency disease, which has as a significant component of hypogammaglobulinemia and/or antibody deficiency (e.g. (exempli gratia / for example), common variable immunodeficiency, X-linked and autosomal forms of agammaglobulinemia, hyper-immunoglobulin M (hyper-IgM) syndrome, Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome). Isolated deficiency of a single IgG subclass, or of specific antibodies without hypogammaglobulinemia per se, does not qualify for inclusion.

  3. The subject has been receiving licensed or investigational (Phase III or IIIb) immunoglobulin intravenous (IGIV) replacement therapy at a dose that has not changed by + 50% of the mean dose for at least 3 months before study entry and is between 300 and 800 mg/kg/infusion. The infusion interval must be between 21 and 28 days inclusive. The subject must have maintained a trough level at least 300 mg/dL (milligram per decilitre) above baseline serum IgG levels (defined as before initiation of any gamma globulin treatment for that subject). The trough level must be 600 mg/dL.

  4. Trough levels of IgG and dose of IGIV, treatment intervals, and the trade name of the IGIV treatments used for the last 2 consecutive routine (licensed or investigational product) must be documented for each subject before the first infusion in this study can be administered.

  5. If a subject is a female of child-bearing potential, she must have a negative result on an Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin (HCG)-based pregnancy test.

  6. If a subject is a female who is or becomes sexually active, she must practice contraception by using a method of proven reliability for the duration of the study.

  7. The subject is willing to comply with all aspects of the protocol, including blood sampling, for the duration of the study.

  8. The subject has signed an informed consent form (if at least 18 years old) or the subject's parent or legal guardian has signed the informed consent form. If appropriate, the subject has signed a child assent form (See Section 12.3).

Exclusion Criteria:

* Subjects will be excluded if any of the following exclusion criteria are met:

  1. The subject has a history of any severe anaphylactic reaction to blood or any blood-derived product.
  2. The subject is known to be intolerant to any component of GAMMAPLEX, such as sorbitol (i.e.(id est / that is) , intolerance to fructose).
  3. The subject has selective immunoglobulin A (IgA) deficiency, history of reaction to products containing IgA, or has a history of antibodies to IgA.
  4. Subjects who have completed the study and subjects who have withdrawn cannot participate in the study for a second time.
  5. The subject is currently receiving, or has received, any investigational agent, other than an immune serum globulin (ISG) preparation that is being evaluated in a Phase III or IIIb study, within the prior 3 months.
  6. The subject has been exposed to blood or any blood product or derivative within the last 6 months, other than a commercially available IGIV or other forms of commercially available and licensed ISG or an ISG product that is in Phase III or IIIb studies.
  7. The subject is pregnant or is nursing.
  8. The subject is positive for any of the following at screening:

     * Serological test for Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 1\&2, Hepatitis C virus (HCV), or Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)
     * Nucleic Acid test (NAT) for HCV
     * NAT for HIV
  9. The subject, at screening, has levels greater than 2.5 times the upper limit of normal as defined at the central laboratory of any of the following:

     * Alanine transaminase (ALT)
     * Aspartate transaminase (AST)
  10. The subject has a severe renal impairment (defined as serum creatinine greater than 2 times the upper limit of normal or Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) greater than 2.5 times the upper limit of normal for the range of the laboratory doing the analysis); the subject is on dialysis; the subject has a history of acute renal failure.
  11. The subject is known to abuse alcohol, opiates, psychotropic agents, or other chemicals or drugs, or has done so within the past 12 months.
  12. The subject has a history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), or thrombotic complications of IGIV therapy.
  13. The subject suffers from any acute or chronic medical condition (e.g., renal disease or predisposing conditions for renal disease, coronary artery disease, or protein losing state) that, in the opinion of the investigator, may interfere with the conduct of the study.
  14. The subject has an acquired medical condition, such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, chronic or recurrent neutropenia (Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) \< 1000 x 109/L).
  15. The subject is receiving the following medication:

      * Immunosuppressive drugs
      * The subject is receiving the following medication: Steroids (long-term daily, \>0.15 mg /kg/day of prednisone or prednisolone of equivalent dose of other corticosteroids) The requirement for burst or intermittent courses would not exclude the subject.
      * Immunomodulatory drugs
  16. The subject has non-controlled arterial hypertension (systolic blood pressure \> 160 mmHg (millimeters of mercury) and/or diastolic blood pressure \> 100 mmHg).
  17. The subject has anemia (hemoglobin \< 10 g/dL) at screening.