cyrilzakka/clinical-trials huggingface dataset:
Music in the Emergency Department (ED)

This will be a randomized controlled study evaluating the effect of a music-listening intervention compared to standard care (control) during patient visit to the emergency department (ED). Randomization will be done with consecutive sealed envelopes.

Data collection will be prospective with administration of the State Trait Anxiety Inventory and collection of physiologic parameters (pain level, heart rate, blood pressure). Retrospective data will also be collected for covariate analysis (age, race/ethnicity, emergency severity index (ESI), pain medications administered during the ED visit, pain scores throughout ED visit, chief complaint, and ED discharge diagnosis).

A visit to the emergency department (ED) is anxiety provoking for patients by nature. Contributing factors may include the sudden timing of the visit, a noisy environment, and waiting in anticipation of a serious diagnosis or bad news. Studies suggest that nearly 75% of adult ED patients may experience mild to severe anxiety in relation to the ED visit, but not directly related to their chief complaint. Anxiety can have deleterious effects on a patient in the clinical setting. Patients may report excessive pain complaints and manifest the typical signs and symptoms of anxiety (e.g. anorexia, dry mouth, nausea, chest pain), which can complicate diagnosis. Patient anxiety can also impose barriers to communication with ED staff, hindering successful delivery of important medical information. A visit to the ED may be particularly distressing for older adults (age 65+), for they are more likely than younger adults to have a greater ED length of stay before discharge home, receive more diagnostic tests and venipuncture for intravenous (IV) access, and have poorer pain care. Music listening as an anxiolytic has been shown to be effective across a variety of clinical settings, however there is a relative paucity of published data on the use of music listening for adult patients in the ED. No published studies, to the investigators' knowledge, have evaluated the effect of music listening on older adults in the ED.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Present to the ED
* Aged 65 or over
* Speak English or Spanish

Exclusion Criteria:

* Individuals who are deaf
* Prisoners
* Individuals who cannot give informed consent
Cost of Cancer Risk Management in Women at Elevated Genetic Risk for Ovarian Cancer Who Participated on GOG-0199

This research trial collects information about types of treatment and the cost of these procedures in women with elevated genetic risk for ovarian cancer who participated on the Gynecology Oncology Group (GOG)-0199 trial. Gathering information about women at elevated genetic risk for ovarian cancer may help doctors learn more about risk reduction procedures and the cost of these procedures.

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To estimate the cost-effectiveness, defined as cost per quality-adjusted life-year saved, of risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) versus ovarian cancer screening (OCS) for women at elevated genetic risk of ovarian cancer over a five-year period, using data from GOG-0199 to model survival.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To estimate the cost-effectiveness, defined as cost per quality-adjusted life-year saved, of RRSO versus OCS for women at elevated genetic risk of ovarian cancer over a lifetime, using stage-specific cohorts and population-based data to model long-term survival. (Exploratory) II. To use value of information (VOI) methodology to set future research priorities aimed at developing evidence-based approaches to the management of women who are at elevated genetic risk of ovarian cancer. (Exploratory)

OUTLINE:

Outcome data, such as incidence and stage at diagnosis of ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancers; number and timing of screening and serum tests performed; number and timing of pelvic ultrasounds performed; surgical procedures performed; cancer-specific and overall survival (if available); and the incidence, type, and grade of significant adverse events, are collected from the Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG)-0199 records and analyzed. Cost of each medical intervention is also estimated.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Women who were eligible and evaluable for GOG-0199, a prospective, non-randomized, natural history study
* Data collected from GOG-0199 available
The Application of a Novel Urinalysis System (UF-5000) for Reducing Unnecessary Antibiotic Use in Clinical Suspected UTI Patients

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common diseases in population while antibiotic resistant in UTI has become a critical problem in Hong Kong, that a large proportion of the bacteria in UTI resistant to commonly used anti-UTI antibiotic treatment. This is largely due to the empirical treatment (i.e. no bacteria information is available at the time of treatment) and overtreatment of antibiotics in the past decades. Some patients who did not actually have UTI were prescribed with antibiotics because they have symptoms similar to UTI.

In order to avoid unnecessary use of antibiotics and therefore reduce the antibiotic resistance rates of UTI, we propose to apply a new urine sediment analyzer (UF-5000) in clinical practice for UTI which could provide quick label for potential bacteria in urine, and give more information on the possible species of the bacteria.

UF-5000 is a urine sediment analyzer manufactured by Sysmex Ltd. (Japan), it is widely used in central laboratories of hospitals and private laboratories, but not commonly seen in out-patient clinic setting. UF-5000 is capable of counting the amount of bacteria present in the given urine sample and provide Gram staining\*, with results available within 5 minutes. While routine urine culture would take around 3 days.

A study done by The University of Hong Kong in 2019 has shown that UF-5000 has higher accuracy than conventional dipstick, with reliable Gram staining result. It has a negative-prediction value of 96%, which means it could accurately identify the cases who had no UTI but only similar symptoms. Those cases were mostly inflammatory diseases that did not require antibiotics.

This study aims to evaluate whether bacteria information provided by UF-5000 would be able to guide a precision use of antibiotic treatment and avoid unnecessary antibiotic use.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Adult patients who are suspected to have LUTs in outpatient clinic.
2. Willing to consent to participate the trial.
3. Be able to understand the nature of the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Any suspected or known sexual transmitted diseases. (Such as gonorrhea, etc.)
2. Use of any systematic antibiotics or antiviral treatment within two weeks
3. With evidence of systematic infection including high fever, significantly increase of blood white blood cell count, etc.
4. Known or suspected allergic history/adverse drug reactions to any antibiotics
5. With previous history of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial infection.
6. Any medical history that indicates the need of immediate antibiotics treatment, such as chronic conditions and/or taking immunosuppressants.
Human Pilot Study - HA35 (Hyaluronan Molecular Weight 35) Dietary Supplement for Promoting Intestinal Health

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether oral HA35 supplementation changes the normal intestinal bacteria, increases intestinal protection, decrease intestinal inflammation and permeability, and to assess any health benefits and confirm the safety profile of HA35.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* BMI 19-25 (lean), and BMI 30-35 (obese)
* Age 18-45 years old
* Willingness to take oral supplement and adhere to study requirements

Exclusion Criteria:

* Diabetes
* Oral antibiotics within 4 weeks of study initiation
* History of cardiac disease, and medications for cardiac disease
* Use statins and antihypertensive drugs
* Inflammatory bowel disease including irritable bowel syndrome
* History of intestinal surgery, excluding hernia repair and appendectomy
* Active cancer diagnosis (except skin cancer)
* Chronic acid suppression treatment (proton pump inhibitors, histamine H2 receptor antagonists)
* Immune modulatory treatments (e.g. chronic immunosuppressive medications, chronic NSAIDs)
* Vegetarian or vegan diet7
* Abnormal liver or kidney function as measured by routine serum chemistry testing
* Severe anemia or significant white blood cell or platelet abnormalities
* No additional blood or blood product donations during the study
Comparison of Robot Assisted Gait Training and Body Weight Supported Treadmill Training Using Gait Analysis and SEMG Measurements

The aim of our randomized controlled clinical trial was to analyze the effects of robotic-assisted gait training and body-weight-supported treadmill training on gait analysis parameters and lower extremity agonist and antagonist muscle activities in stroke patients and to compare their effectiveness in improving locomotor function. The main questions that the researchers aimed to answer are: What are the effects of robotic-assisted gait training and body-weight-supported treadmill training on gait analysis parameters in stroke patients? What are the effects of robotic-assisted gait training and body-weight-supported treadmill training on lower extremity agonist and antagonist muscle activities in stroke patients? What is the effectiveness of robotic-assisted gait training and body-weight-supported treadmill training in improving locomotor function in stroke patients? The patients included in the study were randomly divided into three groups: The first group received robotic-assisted gait training with RoboGait, the second group received body-weight-supported gait training on a treadmill with RehaWalk, and the third group received conventional walking training.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 18 and above
* Chronic stage stroke (6 months - 2 years)
* First stroke
* Spasticity of Ashworth stage 2 or lower
* Ability to follow commands
* Ability to walk unsupported for more than 10 meters
* No treatment received in the last month

Exclusion Criteria:

* Severe osteoporosis
* Unstable fracture
* Excessive spasticity (Ashworth stage 3 and above)
* Cognitive impairment
Role of Acute Phase Proteins In Diagnosis of Immune Thrombocytopenia

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) are antibody-mediated disorders in which platelets are destroyed mainly through activating immunoglobulin (IgG) Fc receptors on phagocytes in the spleen and liver, eventually resulting in thrombocytopenia Acute phase proteins (APP) are inflammation markers that exhibit significant changes in serum concentration during inflammation. These are also important mediators produced in the liver during acute and chronic inflammatory states. Acute phase reactants can be classified as positive or negative, depending on their serum concentrations during inflammation. Positive acute phase reactants are upregulated, and their concentrations increase during inflammation. Negative acute phase reactants are downregulated, and their concentrations decrease during inflammation. Positive acute phase proteins include procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, ferritin, fibrinogen, hepcidin, and serum amyloid A. Negative acute phase reactants include albumin, prealbumin, transferrin, retinol-binding protein, and antithrombin CRP is now well established as a major acute phase protein and is used in daily clinical practice as a sensitive biomarker for infection and inflammation, with its level increasing from \<0.05 to \>500 mg/L after acute infections. CRP is produced by hepatocytes, in response to inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1, with serum concentrations rising to \>5 mg/L after 6 hours and peaking after ∼48 hours. In healthy young adult volunteer blood donors, the median concentration of CRP was found to be ∼0.8 mg/L CRP levels are useful as a clinical diagnostic tool for infection, and it is a common knowledge that ITP is triggered by viral infection that precedes the clinical picture of ITP by a few days to a few weeks Procalcitonin (PCT) is used as a reliable inflammatory biomarker with high sensitivity and specificity ferritin was confirmed as an inflammation and infection biomarker in the diagnosis of viral and bacterial infections.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients with platelet less than 100 × 109/L diagnosed as immune thrombocytopenia by bone marrow findings .

Age of patients : from 1 year to 50 years.

Exclusion Criteria:

* - Other causes of thrombocytopenia as:

  * Hypersplenism.
  * Bone marrow diseases including : aplastic anemia, leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes.
  * Cancer treatments like chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
  * Exposure to toxic chemicals as arsenic and benzene.
  * Medications to treat bacterial infections (antibiotics)and treat seizures or blood thinner heparin.
Aggression From the Perspective of Patients and Nurses

The research, was planned in a randomized controlled design, aiming to evaluate the effect of the training given to nurses working in psychiatric clinics on the use of aggression and BVC (Broset Violence Checklist) on the nurses' perceptions of aggression and the compliance of the use of BVC, which they evaluated for the patients watched in the videos, with the BVC determined by expert opinion.

The study was conducted in Adana Doctor Ekrem Tok Mental Health and Diseases Hospital between July 2021 and April 2022. A total of 97 nurses working in psychiatric clinics, 47 in the training group and 50 in the comparison group, participated in the study. A pre-test was administered to the nurses and nurses in the training group were randomized and given training including aggression and BVC use. After the training, a post-test was administered to all nurses.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Volunteering to participate in the research,
* To have been working in the hospital where the research was conducted for at least 1 year,
* To have no vision, hearing and speech problems.

Exclusion Criteria:

* To want to withdraw from the research at any stage of the research,
* Not completing or not being able to complete the research for any reason,
* To work in the filiation team during the research process.
Physiological Response to Protein and Energy-enhanced Food Products During Winter Military Training

Soldiers commonly lose muscle mass during training and combat operations that produce large energy deficits (i.e., calories burned \> calories consumed). Developing new combat ration products that increase energy intake (i.e., energy dense foods) or the amount and quality of protein consumed (i.e., essential amino acid \[EAA\] content) may prevent muscle breakdown and stimulate muscle repair and muscle maintenance during unavoidable energy deficit. The primary objective of this study is to determine the effects of prototype recovery food products that are energy dense or that provide increased amounts of EAAs (anabolic component of dietary protein) on energy balance, whole-body net protein balance, and indices of physiological status during strenuous winter military training.

Up to 96 Norwegian Soldiers participating in a winter training exercise at the Garrison in Sør-Varanger (GSV) will be enrolled in an approximately 11-day, randomized controlled study. Participants will be randomly assigned at the beginning of the training exercise to groups provided 3 Norwegian Army arctic combat rations and approximately 1500 supplemental calories from food products with increased energy density (EN-DENSE), increased essential amino acids (EAA), or low energy density (CONTROL) each day. Participants will be instructed to consume all of the supplemental food products provided to them and consume the arctic combat rations ad libitum. The effect of consuming EN-DENSE, EAA, or CONTROL food products during strenuous military training on physiological status and recovery will be assessed using dietary analysis, stable isotope methodologies, physical performance measures, gut health analyses, blood sampling, and questionnaires. This design will test the hypothesis that 1) EN-DENSE ration products will attenuate the energy deficit during the training, thereby limiting whole-body protein losses and decrements in physiological status; and 2) the protein-sparing benefit of EAA will limit whole-body protein loss regardless of the energy deficit.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Male and female Norwegian Soldiers aged 18 years or older participating in the winter training exercise at the Garrison in Sør-Varanger.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Any injury or health condition limiting full participation in the training program.
* Allergies or intolerance to foods used in the study (including but not limited to lactose intolerance/milk allergy) or vegetarian practices.
Resuscitative Thoracotomy Practices

Resuscitative thoracotomies (RT) are an effective life saving measure in appropriate populations \[1-8\]. Unfortunately, when used outside of these populations the mortality rate is typically more than 90% \[1-8\]. Western Trauma Association and Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma have provided guidelines for which trauma patients are a candidate for RT \[1-3\].

EPIC and trauma registry will be queried for demographic information, admission dates, discharge diagnoses, inpatient cognitive function, routine testing (imaging and labs) reports, and surgical histories to determine number of patients who underwent RT, survived the RT, deficits from their cardiac arrest, and if they were COVID-19 positive. A full list of variables to be extracted from the chart review is in Appendix B. Chart review and data collection for these patients should be completed by December of 2024.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Trauma patients who underwent RT in the emergency department (ED), operating room (OR), or intensive care unit (ICU) from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2023.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Trauma patients who did not have a RT in the ED, OR, or ICU or were less than 16 years old from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2023.
Use of Ibuprofen to Prevent IUD Site Effects

This research will determine whether prophylactic use of ibuprofen can prevent common side effects of the copper intrauterine device (IUD) and prevent early removal of the device.

Increased menstrual bleeding and pain are the primary side effects that lead to early removal of the copper intrauterine device (IUD). Ibuprofen and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are a proven treatment for such IUD-induced problems. This study will determine if prophylactic use of ibuprofen can improve continuation rates of the IUD.

A total of 2,019 first-time IUD users were recruited in Chile for this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Half of the participants were given ibuprofen and instructions to take 1200 mg daily during menses (for up to 5 days each cycle) for the first six months of IUD use. The other half were asked to take an identical-appearing placebo in the same manner. The primary study endpoint was IUD removal within 12 months of insertion.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* mutually monogamous sexual relationship, less than 6 weeks since last menstrual period, more than six weeks since last pregnancy ended, residency within 50km of clinic, access to telephone, literacy

Exclusion Criteria:

* previous use of an IUD, history of liver and/or kidney disease, current of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, history of stomach ulcers and/or digestive hemorrhage, previous adverse reaction to ibuprofen and/or aspirin, symptoms of possible vaginal infection, current use of antibiotic or antifungal for genital tract infection, abnormal vaginal discharge, lesions in the vagina, known contraindication to IUD use, more than 3 alcoholic drinks per day
Linezolid Instead of Ethambutol in Treatment of Drug-susceptible Tuberculosis

The current standard short-course treatment for pulmonary TB requires 6 months to complete. This long duration of treatment increases the likelihood of side effects while decreasing patients' adherence to anti-TB drugs. Linezolid showed considerable efficacy against refractory multidrug-resistant TB. Considering the marked anti-TB effects of linezolid as well as the possible adverse effects of its long-term use, it is rational to use linezolid instead of ethambutol for the first 4 weeks of treatment for drug-susceptible pulmonary TB. Through randomized controlled trial, the investigators will evaluate the hypothesis that the use of linezolid instead of ethambutol will increase the sputum culture conversion rate by 15% after 2 months of treatment. Patients with TB without resistance to rifampicin will be randomized to the following three arms at a 1:1:1 ratio: Arma 1 (control arm), Arm 2 (linezolid for 2 weeks instead of ethambutol), Arm 3 (linezolid for 4 weeks instead of ethambutol)Primary outcome will be sputum culture conversion rate after 2 months of treatment (liquid media).


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Males and females aged from 20 to 80 years (20- and 80-year-old patients can participate).
* Documented sputum Xpert MTB/RIF assay-positive pulmonary TB at screening.
* On current TB therapy (if any) for ≤14 days at the time of enrollment.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with HIV/AIDS.
* Females of childbearing potential, who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or unwilling to avoid pregnancy.
* Any of the following:

  i.Absolute neutrophil count of \<2000 cells/mL. ii.White blood cell count (WBC) of \<3000/μL. iii.Hemoglobin concentration of \<7.0 g/dL. iv.Serum creatinine level of \>2.0 mg/dL. v.Aspartate aminotransferase (AST or SGOT) of \>100 IU/L. vi.Alanine aminotransferase (ALT or SGPT) of \>100 IU/L. vii.Total bilirubin level of \>2.0 mg/dL. viii.History of optic neuritis or peripheral neuropathy. ix.Other significant laboratory abnormalities (i.e., absolute neutrophil count, creatinine level).

  x.The need for ongoing therapy with SSRIs, tricyclic antidepressants, serotonin 5-HT1 receptor agonists (triptans), meperidine, buspirone, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), sympathomimetic agents (e.g., pseudoephedrine), vasopressive agents (e.g., epinephrine, norepinephrine), or dopaminergic agents (e.g., dopamine, dobutamine).