The Effect of Motivational Interviews Based on Information, Motivation, Behavioral Skills Model on Breastfeeding

The research is a randomized controlled experimental type and aims to determine the effect of motivational interviews based on the Knowledge, Motivation, Behavioral Skills Model on breastfeeding. The research will be conducted with 90 people (45 experimental, 45 control group) who meet the sample criteria between October 30, 2024 and July 30, 2025. The experimental group will be given breastfeeding training accompanied by motivational interviews, and the control group will not receive any intervention.

Breastfeeding is the healthiest and most effective way for the unique nutrient breast milk to reach the baby. Breastfeeding has many physiological, psychological, social, emotional, societal and economic benefits. Women's inexperience in breastfeeding, the weak value they attribute to breastfeeding, lack of social support systems, and breastfeeding problems they experience can be obstacles to successful breastfeeding. Breastfeeding problems experienced during the lactation process lead to a feeling of exhaustion and inadequacy in the mother and cause mothers to stop breastfeeding. The most common factors that negatively affect breastfeeding are; nipple trauma, breast pain, breast fullness, mastitis, excessive or low breast milk production, difficulty in placing the baby at the breast, breast refusal in the baby, the mother and/or the baby being sick and using medication as a result, fatigue and exhaustion in the mother. Along with these problems, the mother's return to work life is also among the factors that negatively affect breastfeeding. Breastfeeding education and counseling programs are effective in initiating and continuing breastfeeding, solving breastfeeding problems, increasing self-sufficiency, and increasing breastfeeding rates. Nurses, who are important building blocks of the health team, provide support to mothers from the prenatal period to the postnatal period by using their roles as caregivers, decision-makers, patient rights advocates, educators, and consultants. Today, thanks to the development of technology and easy access, traditionally applied trainings have been replaced by trainings provided with newer, modern, visual technologies. These can be listed as peer education, telephone counseling, online and web-based counseling, teach-back, home visits, and model use. Studies have reported that health education programs based on the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model have a positive effect on individuals' health practices, increase self-sufficiency, and contribute to the development of positive behaviors in individuals. In recent years, motivational interviewing techniques have also been frequently encountered in nursing practices. With the motivational interviewing technique applied during the breastfeeding process, mothers' individual preferences are valued, their indecisiveness is resolved, and their self-sufficiency is supported. In this context, this study aimed to examine the effect of motivational interviews based on the Knowledge, Motivation, Behavioral Skills Model on breastfeeding. The randomized controlled experimental study will be conducted with 90 people (45 experimental, 45 control group) who meet the sampling criteria between October 30, 2024 and July 30, 2025. 4 sessions of motivational interviewing will be applied to the experimental group, and no intervention will be made to the control group. The analysis of the collected data will be done with the SPSS program.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Women who speak Turkish,
* Are primigravida,
* Are in their 34th week of pregnancy and above,
* Do not have any chronic disease, diagnosed mental or psychiatric illness,
* Do not have a risky pregnancy,
* Do not have a planned cesarean section were planned to be included in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Women who gave birth by Caesarean section,
* Those who developed complications during birth,
* Those whose baby's birth weight was less than 2500 grams, whose APGAR score was 6 or less at the 5th minute, who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit,
* Those who did not attend at least one interview,
* Women who wanted to leave the study were planned to be excluded from the study.