Chemotherapy Followed by Bone Marrow or Peripheral Stem Cell Transplantation in Treating Patients With Glioblastoma Multiforme or Brain Stem Tumors

RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Bone marrow or peripheral stem cell transplantation may be able to replace immune cells that were destroyed by chemotherapy used to kill tumor cells.

PURPOSE: Phase II trial to study the effectiveness of chemotherapy followed by autologous bone marrow or peripheral stem cell transplantation in treating patients with glioblastoma multiforme or brain stem tumors.

OBJECTIVES: I. Estimate the overall survival, progression-free interval, and time to progression or recurrence in patients with nondisseminated glioblastoma multiforme or diffuse intrinsic brain stem tumors that are nonprogressive following surgery (if feasible) and involved-field irradiation and treated with intensive chemotherapy followed by autologous peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) or autologous bone marrow (ABM) rescue. II. Estimate the toxicity of myeloablative chemotherapy with thiotepa (TSPA) followed by carboplatin (CBDCA) in these patients. III. Evaluate the pharmacokinetic interactions of high-dose CBDCA, TSPA, and triethylenephosphoramide (a metabolite of TSPA) and any impact on subsequent toxicity. IV. Evaluate the effectiveness of autologous stem cells in restoring hematopoiesis following myeloablative therapy.

OUTLINE: All patients undergo bone marrow or stem cell harvest (investigator option) no later than 12 weeks after completion of radiotherapy. The following acronyms are used: ABM Autologous Bone Marrow CBDCA Carboplatin, NSC-241240 G-CSF Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (Amgen), NSC-614629 PBSC Peripheral Blood Stem Cells TSPA Thiotepa, NSC-6396 2-Drug Myeloablative Chemotherapy followed by Hematopoietic Rescue. TSPA; CBDCA; followed by ABM or PBSC; G-CSF.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: 60 patients will be entered over 3 years. If more than 5 patients on any arm experience treatment-related mortality, accrual will be discontinued.

Eligibility Criteria:
DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) or brain stem tumor following surgery (if feasible) and local radiotherapy, as follows: Pathologically confirmed primary GBM Gliosarcomas and multifocal GBM eligible Unbiopsied diffuse intrinsic pontine tumors Nonenhancing with gadolinium on MRI T1 hypodense and T2 hyperdense No recurrent or progressing disease following radiotherapy No leptomeningeal dissemination by radiographic evaluation including head MRI and either whole-spine MRI with gadolinium or myelogram Positive CSF cytology alone allowed No extraneural metastases

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS: Age: 6 to under 60 Performance status: Karnofsky 70%-100% (over age 16) Lansky 70%-100% (ages 6-16) Hematopoietic: Not specified Hepatic: Bilirubin less than 2.0 mg/dL AST or ALT less than 5 times normal PT and aPTT normal (consult with principal investigator if abnormal) Renal: Creatinine clearance at least 50 mL/min/1.73 sqm Cardiovascular: No evidence of myocardial infarction or ischemia on EKG Other: No active infection at time of leukapheresis Able to tolerate anticoagulation

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY: Radical surgery and involved-field radiotherapy (at least 4,500 cGy) completed within 6 weeks prior to entry Second surgical debulking following radiotherapy strongly encouraged for patients with residual tumor mass or suspected radionecrosis Requirement for surgery waived for unresectable brainstem tumors No prior chemotherapy except corticosteroids