Yoga Therapy and Aerobic Exercise on Anti-Mullerian Hormone in Young Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Weight loss and lifestyle modifications are much required in women with Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Yoga has gained great importance as an alternate medicine in recent years which is helpful in lifestyle modifications. Weight loss can be achieved by regular aerobic activity. In recent years, excessive production of anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) has been considered as the etiology of PCOS. AMH is also emerging as a diagnostic and screening tool for PCOS. Effect of yoga therapy on adolescent girls have proved to be effective. But, researches on young women undergoing yoga therapy and combined effect of aerobic exercise and yoga therapy are still lacking. Hence, the investigators aimed t o establish the benefits of yoga therapy and aerobic exercise on Anti-Mullerian Hormone and other biochemical markers in young women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

A total of 128 female with PCOS will be recruited by the simple random sampling (random number generator) to participate in randomized, single blind randomized controlled, study. Recruited patients with 128 female with PCOS will be randomly divided into four groups, yoga therapy (YT) group, aerobic exercise (AE) group, combined YT and AE (cYTAE) group and control group. Duration of the intervention will be 60 minutes in one session for 6 days/week for 12 weeks. Thus, each women with PCOS will receive 72 sessions in total, except in control group. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and other biochemical markers such as, Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), Testosterone, Prolactin, Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) Ultrasensitive, Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), insulin fasting, glucose fasting, HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance) and the lipid profiles which includes, total cholesterol, High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and serum triglycerides. In addition to the above biochemical markers, transvaginal ultrasound to estimate antral follicle count (AFC) will be recorded at baseline and at the end of 12-week post-intervention period. Following the 12-week intervention, follow-up of another 12-week will be carried out to determine the retention of treatment effects.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Female in age between 18 and 30 years
* Female with at least two-thirds of the features listed in the Rotterdam criteria for PCOS were included in the study
* Oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea (an absence of menstruation for 45 or more days and/or fewer than 9 menses per year)
* Hyperandrogenism (a score of 8 or higher ( ≥ 8) on the modified Ferriman-Gallwey scale)
* Polycystic ovaries (presence of more than 12 cysts \< 9 mm in diameter in single ovary, usually combined with an ovarian volume \> 10 ml

Exclusion Criteria:

* On regular hormonal treatment
* Oral contraceptives
* Insulin-sensitizing agents in the previous 6 weeks
* Smoking in less than 48 hours
* Alcohol in less than 48 hours
* History of thyroid abnormalities
* Practicing regular yoga asanas and pranayama
* Regular aerobic training program