Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Improving Heart Function in Patients With Heart Failure Caused by Anthracyclines

This randomized pilot phase I trial studies the side effects and best method of delivery of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in improving heart function in patients with heart failure caused by anthracyclines (a type of chemotherapy drug used in cancer treatment). MSCs are a type of stem cell that can be removed from bone marrow and grown into many different cell types that can be used to treat cancer and other diseases, such as heart failure. Bone marrow derived MSCs may promote heart muscle cells repair and lead to reverse remodeling and ultimately improve heart function and decrease morbidity and mortality from progression to advanced heart failure.

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE:

I. To demonstrate the safety of allogeneic human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) administered by intravenous infusion in patients with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and heart failure secondary to chemotherapy with anthracyclines.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVE:

I. To demonstrate the efficacy of allogeneic hMSCs administered by intravenous infusion in patients with left ventricular dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction \[LVEF\] \< 40%) and heart failure secondary to treatment with anthracyclines.

OUTLINE: Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms.

ARM I: Patients receive allogeneic hMSCs intravenously (IV) over 10-20 minutes once weekly for 4 weeks and standard of care drugs for heart failure.

ARM II: Patients receive only standard of care drugs for heart failure.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up monthly for 6 months and then at 12 months.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients with LVEF =\< 40% from treatment with anthracyclines for all malignancies at any dose at any time without evidence of other causes of cardiomyopathy
* Documented New York Heart Association (NYHA) class I, II and III
* Been treated with appropriate maximal medical therapy for heart failure
* Able to perform 6 minute walk test
* Patient or legally authorized representative able to sign informed consent
* Patients with persistent LV dysfunction 90 days after discontinuation of trastuzumab

Exclusion Criteria:

* Evidence of ischemic heart disease as determined by study cardiologist
* Significant valvular disease; (aortic stenosis \[AS\] with aortic valve area \[AVA\] \< 1.5 and severe aortic regurgitation \[AR\] and mitral regurgitation \[MR\])
* History of familial cardiomyopathy
* Recent documented myocarditis within 2 months of consent
* History of infiltrative cardiomyopathy or restrictive cardiomyopathy
* Epidermal growth factor receptor (eGFR) \< 50 by Mayo or Cockcroft formula
* Liver function tests \> 3 x upper limit of normal
* NYHA class IV heart failure
* Inotropic dependence
* Unstable or life-threatening arrhythmia
* Coagulopathy international normalized ratio (INR) \> 1.5
* Mechanical or bioprosthetic heart valve
* Cardiogenic shock
* Breast feeding and/or pregnant women
* Autoimmune disorders on current immunosuppressive therapy
* Active infection not responding to appropriate therapy as determined by study chair
* Trastuzumab treatment within the last 3 months