Accuracy of Immediate Implant Placement Using Robotic System Versus Dynamic Navigation System in Anterior Maxillae: a Random Controlled Clinical Trial

Prosthetic-driven immediate implant placement for optimal aesthetic restoration has been increasing in demand during the last decades but requires higher accuracy. Dynamic navigation has been reported better implant positioning in immediate implant placement compared to free hand procedure. On the basis of dynamic navigation, robotic system uses the robotic arm to replace the manual process of implant bed preparation and implant placement, therefore improving the accuracy of implant placement theoretically. The goal of this randomized controlled trial is to compare the positional implant accuracy, the surgical time, and patient satisfaction between dynamic navigation and robotic assisted immediate implant placement in maxillae. Subjects will be randomized to either group based on the allocation. The accuracy of placement will be assessed evaluating the difference between the planned and the actual position using a follow-up CBCT scan taken at the end of the surgery. Subjects will be followed up for one year to assess both patient reported and professional outcomes.

Prosthetic-driven immediate implant placement for optimal aesthetic restoration has been increasing in demand during the last decades but requires higher accuracy. Dynamic navigation has been reported better implant positioning in immediate implant placement compared to free hand procedure. However, dynamic navigation faces the following deficiencies in immediate implant placement. Firstly, it has a steep learning curve. Secondly, the rigid palatal bone wall of the socket will force the direction of drill deviating buccally. On the basis of dynamic navigation, robotic system uses the robotic arm to replace the manual process of implant bed preparation and implant placement, therefore improving the accuracy of implant placement theoretically. The goal of this randomized controlled trial is to compare the positional implant accuracy, the surgical time, and patient satisfaction between dynamic navigation and robotic assisted immediate implant placement in maxillae. Subjects will be randomized to either treatment modalities based on the plan. The accuracy of placement will be assessed evaluating the difference between the planned and the actual position using a follow-up scan taken at the end of the surgery. Subjects will be followed up for one year to assess the professional outcomes.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* a. ≥18 years old and in good health; b. One or more maxillary incisors that cannot be retained due to non-periodontitis; c. The buccal bone plate is complete; d. No acute infection; e. The extraction socket have at least 3-5 mm apical bone.

Exclusion Criteria:

* a. General contraindications of oral implant surgery (such as immunodeficiency, long-term use of corticosteroids); b. Treatments or diseases that may affect bone tissue metabolism (for example, taking bisphosphonates or receiving local radiotherapy); c. Periodontitis history or uncontrolled periodontitis. Bleeding of probing (BOP) positive site ≥ 10%, or probing depth (PD) ≥ 4mm; d. Heavy smokers or previous heavy smoking history (quit smoking time \<5 years or\> 20 cigarettes per day); e. Refuse to participate in this trial.