Interleukin-7 in Treating Patients With Refractory Solid Tumors

RATIONALE: Interleukin-7 may stimulate a person's white blood cells to kill tumor cells.

PURPOSE: This phase I trial is studying the side effects and best dose of interleukin-7 in treating patients with refractory solid tumors.

OBJECTIVES:

* Determine the safety and dose-limiting toxicity of biologically active doses of interleukin-7 in patients with refractory solid tumors.
* Determine a range of biologically active doses of this drug in these patients.
* Determine the biological effects of this drug in these patients.
* Determine the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of this drug in these patients.
* Determine the antitumor effects of this drug in these patients.

OUTLINE: This is a multicenter, dose-escalation study.

Patients receive interleukin-7 (IL-7) subcutaneously on days 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 (for a total of 8 doses) in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Cohorts of 3-6 patients receive escalating doses of IL-7 until the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and "biologically active dose" (BAD) are determined. The MTD is defined as the dose preceding that at which at least 2 of 3 or 2 of 6 patients experience dose-limiting toxicity. The BAD is defined as the dose that produces a sustained 50% increase in CD3+ count over the patient's baseline without unacceptable toxicity.

Patients are followed at 1, 3, and 6 months and at 1 year after study completion.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 15-30 patients will be accrued for this study within 3.75-10 months.

Eligibility Criteria:
DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:

* Histologically confirmed malignancy meeting both of the following criteria:

  * No known curative therapy
  * Failed standard therapy, defined as either lack of response OR disease progression (i.e., at least 25% increase in disease or new disease)
* Measurable or evaluable disease
* No hematopoietic malignancies
* No primary carcinoma of the lung

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:

Age

* 18 and over

Performance status

* Karnofsky 80-100%

Life expectancy

* At least 3 months

Hematopoietic

* Absolute neutrophil count greater than 1,000/mm\^3
* Platelet count greater than 100,000/mm\^3
* No proliferative hematologic disease

Hepatic

* AST and ALT less than 3 times upper limit of normal (ULN)
* PT/PTT no greater than 1.5 times ULN
* No documented hepatitis B infection
* No documented hepatitis C infection

Renal

* Creatinine clearance greater than 60 mL/min

Cardiovascular

* Ejection fraction greater than 45% by MUGA
* Hypertension (resting blood pressure greater than 140/90 mm Hg) must be controlled with standard anti-hypertensive therapy

Pulmonary

* No severe asthma
* DLCO/VA greater than 50% of predicted
* FEV_1 greater than 50% of predicted

Immunologic

* No autoimmune disease
* Peripheral CD3+ cell count greater than 300/mm\^3 and stable on 4 successive determinations
* HIV negative

Other

* Not pregnant
* Negative pregnancy test
* Fertile patients must use effective contraception
* No other medical or psychiatric condition that would preclude study compliance
* No cognitive impairment or likelihood of developing cognitive impairment during study participation
* No need for palliative therapy
* No splenomegaly

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:

Biologic therapy

* More than 4 weeks since prior immunotherapy by cytokines, anti-tumor vaccines, or monoclonal antibody therapy prior to the initiation of peripheral CD3 count determination
* No prior allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
* No other concurrent immunotherapy
* No other concurrent biologic agents (e.g., growth factors or monoclonal antibodies)

Chemotherapy

* No concurrent chemotherapy

Endocrine therapy

* No prior systemic corticosteroid therapy for more than 72 hours within the 2 weeks prior to initiation of peripheral CD3 cell count determination
* No concurrent chronic steroid therapy

Radiotherapy

* Not specified

Surgery

* No prior solid organ transplantation
* No prior splenectomy

Other

* More than 4 weeks since prior cytotoxic therapy prior to the initiation of peripheral CD3 cell count determination
* No concurrent cytotoxic therapy
* No concurrent immunosuppressive therapy
* No concurrent medications for the treatment of hypertension
* No concurrent chronic asthma medications
* No concurrent chronic anticoagulants (e.g., high-dose warfarin, heparin, or aspirin)

  * Low-dose oral warfarin allowed