cyrilzakka/clinical-trials huggingface dataset:
Exercise Strategies to Motivate and Relieve Stress

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate exercise strategies that motivate and relive stress in adults with cardiopulomnary conditions. The goals of this study are as follows:

* To explore the feasibility (how easily it can be done) of using self-selected music during exercise training for adults with cardiopulmonary conditions.
* To assess patient satisfaction of self-selected music with exercise for adults with cardiopulmonary conditions.
* To explore the immediate effects of self-selected music on mood and symptoms (shortness of breath and fatigue) compared with listening to a podcast during their exercise training session

Participants will:

* Select 5-7 songs and 1 podcast to listen to during their treatment session
* Walk on the treadmill while either listening to a podcast or music
* Fill out surveys about their mood, symptoms (shortness of breath and fatigue), music/podcast, and exercise

Music2Move aims to assess if tailored music (music choices that are set to a certain beats per minute and are self-selected by the participant) improves mood while exercising in adults with chronic lung diseases, to ultimately motivate them to engage in physical activity more frequently. This trial will be conducted during their pulmonary rehabilitation session for two consecutive sessions. Researchers will flip a coin for a random order of music condition or no music condition for each participant. Researchers will meet with participants before the trial to collect music selections to be played during the pulmonary rehabilitation session. Mood will be assessed every 2 minutes during the trial using the Feeling Scale to examine the effect of tailored music selections on the participants tolerance for exercise and maximal limit exercise exertion during the session. Heart rate, oxygen level, fatigue, and affect (immediate emotional response), measure of breathlessness (feelings of shortness of breath) will also be assessed before and after the trial to examine the affect that tailored music has on physical measures of exercise. The results of this study could aid in finding motivational tools to improve exercise participation and adherence in adults with chronic respiratory disease.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosed with a cardiopulmonary disease
* Speaks and understands English

Exclusion Criteria:

* Require a hearing aid or have a hearing impairment that interferes with their ability to hear music or use headphones during the study.
* Unable to engage in physical activity due to health conditions including neurological or musculoskeletal diseases.
* Require ≥6 liters of supplemental oxygen during pulmonary rehabilitation sessions.
* Younger than 21 years old.
* Older than 85 years old.
* Have uncontrolled anginal symptoms.
* Unable to exercise on a treadmill.
Decompression Sickness in Divers With or Without Patent Foramen Ovale

The investigators will prospectively estimate incidences of decompression sickness in SCUBA divers with or without patent foramen ovale (PFO). All participants will receive transesophageal echocardiogram and transcranial doppler to ascertain whether they get a PFO. Clinical follow up will be undertaken 3 month after transesophageal echocardiographic evaluation, and every 6 month up to 3 years by E-mailing or telephone interview with self-questionnaire report. All decompression sickness (DC) events or DC-like symptoms will be reviewed by a professional diver, who is a medical doctor and member of DAN-AP, and a neurologist.

PFO was defined as transesophageal echocardiographic (TEE) evidence of infused microbubbles in the left atrium within three cardiac cycles after their appearance in the right atrium, at rest or during Valsalva release. If TEE finding will not be conclusive, we will decide the presence or absence of PFO with supplementary transcranial doppler. It will be blinded to participants, physicians and research persons to perform clinical follow-up. It will be not officially recorded, and will be preserved by another research person, who will not contact study participants.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Divers who experienced fifty dives per year

Exclusion Criteria:

* Decompression sickness within recent 20 dives
* Previous procedure or surgery for closure of PFO or ASD
* Previous cerebral infarction or hemorrhage
* Previous epilepsy
* Previous angina or myocardial infarction
Survey and Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis

The purpose of this study is to analyze income variables in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, and to analyze the effect of short vs. long Cognitive Behaviour Therapy.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients referred to St.Olav Hospital, Trondheim
* fulfil the FUKUDA criteria for CFS/ME.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnant patients
Trial of Weaning by Synchronized Ventilation

During assist control ventilation and pressure support ventilation (PSV), the start of ventilator inflation is determined by the start of the infant's inspiratory effort. During PSV, termination of inflation is determined by the level of the infant's inspiratory flow. In a randomized trial, no significant differences were found between assist control and pressure support ventilation with regard to the duration of weaning, time to successful extubation, work of breathing, rate of asynchrony and level of respiratory muscle strength.

Objectives: To test the hypothesis that the duration of weaning would be shorter using assist control ventilation (ACV) rather than pressure support ventilation (PSV). To determine if any differences in the duration of weaning reflected differences in the work of breathing, the rate of asynchrony or the level of respiratory muscle strength.

Patients and methods: Thirty-six infants, median gestational age 29 (range 24 to 39) weeks, were randomized to weaning by either ACV or PSV. The duration of weaning was recorded. At baseline (study entry), 24 hours after entering the study and immediately prior to extubation, the work of breathing was assessed by measuring the transdiaphragmatic pressure time product (PTPdi), thoracoabdominal asynchrony (TAA) was assessed using respiratory inductance plethysmography and respiratory muscle strength measured by recording the maximal inspiratory pressure produced during an airway occlusion during crying (Pimax). Immediately prior to extubation, the level of active expiration was also assessed.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Ventilated neonates less than 14 days of age

Exclusion Criteria:

* Congenital heart disease, hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy
One Week Adjuvant Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer

* Cancer is the second leading cause of death after cerebrovascular strokes and is a significant obstacle to each nation's future growth.
* Worldwide, Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and the 5th leading cause of cancer related deaths that comes after lung cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer and gastric cancer.
* More than half of all breast cancer cases in the world occur in developing countries. Egypt has a high mortality rate from breast cancer, with a rate of 21.3 per 100,000 cases. Breast cancer is diagnosed at an advanced stage in 60 to 70% of cases in Egypt. The median age at diagnosis in Egypt is 48.5 years, which seems to be a decade younger than in Europe and North America.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Female patients 45 years of age or older who have had Oncoplastic Breast Surgery (OBS) or total mastectomy with adequate axillary clearance and a negative margin.
* Breast carcinomas that is invasive (TXN1-3M0, T0N2-3 M0, T1N2-3M0, T2N2-3M0, T3N0-3M0, T4N0-3M0) whatever type of tumors biology.
* All patients with locally advanced breast cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and underwent either oncoplastic breast surgery or modified radical mastectomy

Exclusion Criteria:

* Metastatic breast cancer at the time of diagnosis proved clinically or radiologically.
* Postoperative positive margin.
* Carcinomas in situ.
* Mesenchymal breast lesions.
* Locoregional recurrent breast cancer.
* Synchronous bilateral breast cancer.
* very early breast cancer (T1-2N0M0,T1N1M0).
Positron Emission Tomography Using Fluorothymidine F 18 in Finding Recurrent Disease in Patients With Gliomas

RATIONALE: Diagnostic procedures, such as positron emission tomography using fluorothymidine F 18, may be effective in finding recurrent disease in patients with gliomas.

PURPOSE: This clinical trial is studying how well positron emission tomography using fluorothymidine F 18 works in finding recurrent disease in patients with gliomas.

OBJECTIVES:

Primary

* Determine the safety of fluorothymidine F 18 for visual and dynamic brain tumor images in patients with glial neoplasms.
* Determine, preliminarily, the efficacy of this drug.

Secondary

* Compare, preliminarily, the efficacy of this drug to fludeoxyglucose F 18 in differentiating tumor recurrence from radiation necrosis.
* Determine the optimal time to image post injection of this drug.

OUTLINE: This is a pilot, nonrandomized study.

Patients receive fluorothymidine F 18 IV over 1 minute and then undergo positron emission tomography (PET) scanning of the brain over 2 hours.

After completion of the PET scan, patients are followed for at least 1 month.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 12 patients will be accrued for this study.

Eligibility Criteria:
DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:

* Radiological or established histological diagnosis of glioma

  * WHO grade 2-4 disease
* Presence of a new or enlarging enhancing lesion on gadolinium-enhanced MRI after prior radiotherapy

  * Differentiation of recurrent tumor from radiation necrosis is not possible
* No clinically significant signs of uncal herniation, including any of the following:

  * Acute pupillary enlargement
  * Rapidly developing (i.e., over hours) motor changes
  * Rapidly decreasing level of consciousness

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:

* Platelet count ≥ 75,000/mm\^3
* WBC ≥ 3,000/mm\^3
* Gamma-glutamyl-transferase ≤ 5 times upper limit of normal (ULN)
* Absolute neutrophil count ≥ 1,500/mm\^3
* Hemoglobin ≥ 10 g/dL
* SGOT and SGPT ≤ 2 times ULN
* Alkaline phosphatase ≤ 2 times ULN
* Lactic dehydrogenase ≤ 2 times ULN
* Direct and total bilirubin normal
* Amylase normal
* Haptoglobin normal
* Serum electrolytes normal
* CBC with platelets normal
* PT, PTT normal
* BUN and creatinine normal
* Not pregnant or lactating
* Urinalysis normal
* Negative pregnancy test
* Female patients must be postmenopausal for ≥ 1 year or surgically sterile, or on 1 of the following methods of birth control for ≥ 1 month: IUD, oral contraceptives, Depo-Provera, or Norplant

  * These criteria can be waived at the discretion of the investigator if the patient's intracranial tumor is considered life threatening and the 1-month wait required is not in the best interest of the patient
* No known allergic or hypersensitivity reactions to previously administered radiopharmaceuticals
* No known HIV positivity
* Not requiring monitored anesthesia for positron emission tomography scanning

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:

* Concurrent biopsy or neurosurgical procedure for diagnostic and/or therapeutic purposes for this cancer allowed
* Concurrent surgery for this cancer allowed
Sleep, Pain and Inflammatory Processes in Older Adults With Osteoarthritis

The purpose if the study is to determine whether improving sleep, especially slow wave or "deep" sleep, in older adults with osteoarthritis (OA) and insomnia reduces pain sensitivity and inflammatory responses to pain, and improves OA-related pain.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* 50-75 years of age (for women, post-menopausal)
* Kellgren-Lawrence grade II radiographic evidence of OA affecting one or both knees
* knee pain on most days for ≥ 6 months
* self-reported disability due to knee pain for ≥ 2 of the following: walking, kneeling, ascending or descending stairs, or performing daily activities
* willing and able to avoid all prescription and non-prescription, non-opiate pain medication for 48 hours prior to testing and all narcotic pain medication for 2 weeks prior to testing
* meets research diagnostic criteria for sleep maintenance insomnia

Exclusion Criteria:

* health conditions with immunological components or undergoing or taking immunosuppressive therapies
* conditions contraindicated for or potentially limiting ability to conduct NFR and/or cold pressor test (e.g. Raynaud's syndrome; seizures; prior MI; respiratory conditions; leg/hip nerve damage; BMI ≥ 32)
* sleep disorders other than insomnia
* dementia or cognitive impairment
* history of schizophrenia or bipolar I disorder; current or recent history (within 3 months) of major psychiatric disorders
* current depressive symptomatology or current suicidality
* active substance dependence
* untreated hypertension
* use of antidepressants (stable use for 3 months okay), antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, sedative-hypnotics, opiate analgesics
The Relationship Between Exercise Frequency, Intensity, and Restoration of Cardiometabolic Health

Regular physical activity is well established to decrease the risk of cardiometabolic diseases. While research has characterized responses based on exercise intensity, many beneficial effects of exercise are transient in nature, and therefore exercise frequency may play an important, yet currently under-appreciated, role in improving health. The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy of 6-week high-frequency endurance (END) or low-frequency sprint (SIT) training with respect to reducing clinically relevant cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight/obese males. It is hypothesized that END, performed at a greater frequency than SIT, will markedly improve cardiometabolic health, while low-frequency SIT will not.

Involvement in regular physical activity is known to elicit systemic adaptations and reduce the risk of cardiometabolic diseases, including hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia. Traditional physical activity recommendations suggest that 150 minutes of moderate-intensity continuous endurance (END) exercise dispersed over 5 days per week is sufficient to improve physical fitness in adults. However, given the commonly cited barrier of "lack of time," literature has recently focused on time effective sprint interval training (SIT), obtaining equivalent increases in aerobic capacity and acute glycemic regulation compared to classical END exercise when protocols are work-matched. Despite these similarities, END is conducive to daily sessions not feasible of SIT. As improvements in many clinically relevant risk factors are transient in nature following exercise, it remains imperative to assess the implications of variable frequency exercise regimes performed as per general practice (i.e. high-frequency END, low-frequency SIT). Furthermore, improvements in cardiovascular outcomes following END have been shown, in some instances, to be absent in response to SIT, suggesting END may be more beneficial for cardiovascular health. Therefore, the current study aims to assess several markers of cardiovascular (aerobic capacity, blood pressure, arterial stiffness, vascular endothelial function) and metabolic (glucose tolerance, lipid tolerance, body composition) health following 6-weeks of high-frequency END or low-frequency SIT, performed as per general practice. Combined, this research will provide important insight into the under-appreciated role of exercise frequency for improving cardiometabolic health.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Male, aged 18-70 years
* Body mass index (BMI) \> 25 kg/m\^2 (classified as overweight or obese)
* Sedentary (\<100 minutes moderate physical activity per week)
* Approval for vigorous exercise via physical activity readiness questionnaire (PARQ+)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Prescribed with glucose lowering medications
* Smoker
* Not cleared for physical activity
Prevention of Chemotherapy-induced Cardiotoxicity in High-risk Patients

In cancer patients, the increase of troponin I soon after chemotherapy is a strong predictor of left ventricular dysfunction and poor cardiologic outcome. This information provides a rationale for the development of prophylactic strategies directed against chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity (CTIC). Activation of the renin-angiotensin system has been proved to be involved in the development and progression of cardiac dysfunction in several clinical settings, and has been suggested to have a role in the occurrence of CTIC. We investigated the role of treatment with ACE-inhibitors in the prevention of CTIC in high-risk cancer patients.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Consecutive patients undergoing high-dose chemotherapy showing early release of Troponin I

Exclusion Criteria:

* Contraindication to ACE-inhibitors
* On-going therapy with beta-blockers, ACE-inhibitors, angiotensin-receptors blockers
Aspirin for Prevention of Preeclampsia in Healthy, Nulliparous Obese and Overweight Pregnant Women

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific syndrome that affects 3 - 5% of pregnancies. It is one of the main causes of maternal, fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, resulting in approximately 40,000 maternal deaths worldwide each year. Fortunately, preeclampsia-related deaths have been reduced remarkably in recent decades thanks to improvements in antenatal care and therapeutic interventions, and prophylactic use of low-dose aspirin in women who are at a higher risk of developing preeclampsia.

Effective prevention is rarely available for obstetric complications. Aspirin is one of them. Several meta-analyses456 suggested that aspirin prescription reduced the risk of preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction by 40-50% in an aspirin-dose-response pattern.

Preterm preeclampsia is an important cause of maternal and perinatal death and complications. It is uncertain whether the intake of low-dose aspirin during pregnancy reduces the risk of preterm preeclampsia.

In a meta-analysis of individual-participant data from the trials, the effect of aspirin was not affected by the gestational age at the onset of therapy. In contrast, other meta-analyses showed that aspirin started at or before 16 weeks of gestation resulted in halving the rates of preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and perinatal death, whereas aspirin started after 16 weeks of gestation did not have a significant benefit. In addition, the beneficial effect of aspirin that was started at or before 16 weeks of gestation was dose-dependent, with a greater reduction in the incidence of preeclampsia being associated with a daily dose of aspirin of 100 mg or more.

This will be a randomized control trial to estimate the efficacy of two doses (81 mg versus 162 mg) of aspirin for prevention of preeclampsia in healthy, nulliparous obese and overweight pregnant women identified in the first trimester.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* healthy, nulliparous obese and overweight pregnant women identified in the first trimester.
* Give written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Multiple gestations,
* fetal aneuploidy
* major fetal structural anomaly
* bleeding disorder
* allergy to aspirin
* women already on aspirin or heparin.
Aortic Regurgitation After Surgical Repair of Outlet-Type Ventricular Septal Defect

The major risk factors of aortic valve replacement in three outlet types VSD after surgical repair were the severity of preoperative AR and older operation age. For those patients with less than moderate degree AR preoperatively, AR progressed rarely and all in those with aortic valvar and subvalvar anomalies.

Progression of aortic regurgitation (AR) in repaired outlet (juxta-arterial, muscular outlet and perimembranous outlet) ventricular septal defect (VSD) remains unclear.

From 1987 to 2002, 411 patients with complete follow-up after repair of outlet VSD constituted the study population. Study end point was aortic valve replacement or mortality.

Aortic valve replacement was performed in seventeen patients (4.1%), in whom logistic regression showed only the severity of preoperative AR and age at VSD repair as the predictors. After excluding the eleven patients with endocarditis from analysis, there were 377 patients with none to mild AR (Group I) and 23 with moderate to severe AR (Group II) preoperatively. Total follow-up was 2,230 person-years. After VSD repair, the 5- and 10-year freedom from aortic valve replacement in Group I was 100%, and in Group II 50.2%. In Group II, ten patients received aortic valve replacement and 8 underwent valvuloplasty with VSD repair. One patient needed valve replacement four years later. Age at VSD repair was the predictor for aortic valve replacement. In Group I, AR progressed in four patients (1.2%, two juxta-arterial and two perimembranous outlet) 3.5 to 7.9 years later and was associated with aortic valvar or subvalvar anomalies. The event-free curves in three outlet types VSD showed no differences.

Although AR progressed rarely (probably not in muscular outlet type) in repaired outlet types VSD with none to mild preoperative AR, in the presence of aortic valvar or subvalvar anomalies, early surgical repair of the VSD is still warranted.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* ventricular septal defect patients receiving total repair from Jan, 1987 to Dec, 2002.
* follow up more than 1 year after operation

Exclusion Criteria:

* complex cardiac lesions
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Comparison Study

The objective of this study is to validate Near-Infrared (NIRS) monitoring in patients undergoing circulatory arrest. This study will compare two-wavelength NIRS INVOS System, Somanetics; Troy, MI) with four-wavelength NIRS (Nonin Medical, Inc; Plymouth, MN) to determine which modality best correlates with jugular venous oxygen saturation


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Provide written informed consent from patient or legally authorized representative before surgery
2. Adult patients 18-65 years of age
3. Presenting for elective or urgent total aortic arch repair under moderate hypothermic circulatory arrest (Nasopharyngeal temperature 20 - 24 ºC) with selective antegrade cerebral perfusion -

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients will be excluded from this study if they are age less than 18
2. Are undergoing an emergent procedure
3. Have a history of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
4. Have a history of stroke
5. Are undergoing a redo sternotomy during which major bleeding occurs necessitating transfusion of \> 4 units of packed red blood cells prior to the institution of circulatory arrest
6. Patients in whom a left jugular venous bulb cannula cannot successfully be placed