NeoVas Bioresorbable Coronary Scaffold Randomized Controlled Trial

The NeoVas Bioresorbable Coronary Scaffold Randomized Controlled Trial is a prospective, multi-center, randomized trial. The study compares NeoVas sirolimus-eluting bioresorbable coronary scaffold with XIENCE PRIME Everolimus Eluting Coronary Stent System (EECSS) to evaluate the safety and efficacy of NeoVas in the treatment of patients with de novo coronary lesion.

Approximately 560 subjects will be randomly enrolled at a 1:1 ratio, patients in experimental group receiving NeoVas BCS(Lepu Medical Technology (Beijing) Co.,Ltd), and subjects in control group receiving XIENCE PRIME EECSS(Abbott Vascular, Inc). Subjects will have clinical follow-up at 30, 90, 180 and 270 days and at 1,2,3,4 and 5 years. All subjects will undergo coronary angiography at 1 year post-index procedure. The primary endpoint is in-segment late lumen loss(LLL) at 1 year follow-up.

Among the RCT study, a subgroup study is designed to evaluate the functional recovery of vasomotion before and after the complete degradation of the NeoVas Bioresorbable Coronary Scaffold with the aid of angiography, OCT and FFR. The subgroup study will be performed in two centers and 160 subjects will be enrolled on a 1:1 randomization basis. Subjects will receive angiography and OCT examination before procedure, and will receive angiography, OCT and FFR after procedure and at 1, 3 years follow-up.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Age must be 18-75 years, men or unpregnant women.
* Patient must have evidence of myocardial ischemia, suitable for elective PCI. Subjects with stable angina or silent ischemia and \<70% diameter stenosis must have objective sign of ischemia as determined by one of the following, echocardiogram, nuclear scan, ambulatory ECG or stress ECG. In the absence of noninvasive ischemia, fractional flow reserve(FFR) must be done and indicative of ischemia.
* Total number of target lesion =1 per patient.
* Target lesion must be≤20mm in length and 2.50 to 3.75 mm in diameter(visual estimation).
* Target lesion is with a visually estimated stenosis of ≥70%(or≥50% and evidence of myocardial ischemia) with a TIMI flow of ≥1.
* The target lesion can be covered by one scaffold(except the rescue scaffold).
* Patient must be an acceptable candidate for coronary artery bypass graft.
* Patient or a legally authorized representative must provide written Informed Consent prior to any study related procedure.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients has had a known diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction(AMI) within 30 days preceding the procedure; CK and CK-MB have not returned within normal limits at the time of procedure
* Chronic total occlusion lesions (TIMI 0 grade blood flow prior to implantation), left trunk vessel lesion, ostial lesion, multi-branch lesions needing treated, bifurcation lesion (diameter ≥2.0mm, branch opening stenosis exceeds 50% or need balloon expansion) and bridge vessel lesions; there is thrombus visible in the target blood vessels.
* Severe calcified lesions and twisted lesions which cannot be pre-expanded, and lesions unsuitable for delivering and expanding stents.
* In-stent restenosis lesion.
* Patient has undergone previous stenting anywhere within the target vessel(s) within the previous 12 months, or will require stenting within the target vessel(s) within 1 year after the study procedure; target vessels that has been implanted with stents.
* Severe heart failure(over NYHA III grade ), or left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)\<40%( supersonic inspection or left ventricular radiography ).
* Known renal insufficiency(eGFR\<60 ml/min, serum creatinine\>2.5mg/dL, or subject on dialysis).
* Patients with hemorrhage tendency, an active digestive ulcer history, a cerebral hemorrhage or subarachnoid hemorrhage history, or cerebral apoplexy within half a year, and these patients who contraindicate against platelet inhibitors and anticoagulant therefore cannot bear anticoagulation treatment.
* Patient has a known hypersensitivity or contraindication to aspirin, clopidogrel, ticagrelor or prasugrel, heparin, contrast agent, polylactic acid or sirolimus that cannot be adequately pre-medicated.
* Life expectancy \< 12 months
* Patient is participating in another device or drug study that has not reached the primary endpoint of the study.
* Patient's inability to fully cooperate with the study protocol.
* Patient has a heart transplant.
* Patient has current unstable arrhythmias, such as high risk ventricular premature beat and ventricular tachycardia.
* Patient is receiving or scheduled to receive chemotherapy for malignancy within 30 days prior to or after the procedure.
* Patient is receiving immunosuppression therapy and has known immunosuppressive or autoimmune disease.
* Patient is receiving or scheduled to receive chronic anticoagulation therapy (e.g., heparin, warfarin).
* Elective surgery is planned within the first 6 months after the procedure that will require discontinuing either aspirin, clopidogrel, ticagrelor or prasugrel.
* Platelet count\<100,000 cells/mm3 or\>700,000 cells/mm3, a WBC of\<3,000 cells/mm3, or documented or suspected liver disease.
* Patient has extensive peripheral vascular disease that precludes safe 6 French sheath insertion.