Comparative Study of Different Dosages of Vibrabot Capsule in the Treatment of Chronic Functional Constipation

This is a single-center trial that enrolls 120 18- to 85-year-old patients with mild to moderate chronic functional constipation to study the dose-response relationship of the Vibrabot capsule as well as the mechanism of action of the Vibrabot capsule.

This study was a single-center, prospective, randomized, parallel-controlled clinical trial. If a subject signs an Ethics Committee (EC)-approved study informed consent (ICF) that meets the inclusion criteria and does not meet any of the exclusion criteria, the subject is considered eligible for admission to the study. Participants with chronic functional constipation enrolled in the study completed a two-week baseline period in which they were advised to avoid taking any laxatives or other treatments for their constipation as much as possible. After the two-week basal period, all subjects were randomly assigned to the control group, trial group 1, trial group 2, and trial group 3 for the corresponding treatment.

Control group: Vibrabot capsule was taken twice a week, one pill/time (on Monday and Thursday), for six weeks; Trial group 1: Vibrabot capsule administration and dosage were three times a week, one pill/time (Monday, Wednesday, and Friday) for six consecutive weeks; Trial group 2: Vibrabot capsule administration and dosage five times a week, one pill/time (Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday), for six weeks; Trial group 3: Vibrabot capsule administration and dosage for the first two weeks, five times a week, one pill/time (Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday); for the middle two weeks, three times a week, one pill/time (Monday, Wednesday, and Friday); and for the last two weeks, two times a week, one pill/time (Monday and Thursday).

The subjects who receive Vibrabot capsules will undergo a neurotransmitter test and a fecal flora test before and after the treatment. After completion of treatment, subjects in each group entered a follow-up period, which was observed until the patient regained symptoms of constipation, i.e., when laxatives or other bowel-promoting treatments were used. If the subject never recovered from constipation, a minimum of 8 weeks of questionnaire completion was required, depending on the patient's compliance status. During the study period, the subjects are required to keep an e-diary recording daily bowel movements (BMs), medication intake, and discomforts, and complete the Patient Assessment of Constipation Symptoms (PAC-SYM) and the Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life (PAC-QOL) questionnaires every two weeks. This study consists of a screening/baseline period, a treatment period, and a follow-up period. During the study, subjects are required not to change their diet and lifestyle.

Subjects are not expected to change their diet or lifestyle during the study. If the subject has not had a bowel movement for three or more consecutive days, the subject is allowed to use another method of defecation to assist with defecation. Subjects are required to avoid antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, and proton pump inhibitors throughout their participation in the study.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

- 1.18 to 85-year-old men and women. 2. People with moderate to severe functional constipation according to Rome IV criteria.

The Rome IV criteria for functional constipation are as follows:

1. Must include two or more of the following:

   * Straining during more than one-fourth (25%) of defecations;
   * Lumpy or hard stools (BSFS 1-2) more than one-fourth (25%) of defecations;
   * Sensation of incomplete evacuation more than one-fourth (25%) of defecations;
   * Sensation of anorectal obstruction/blockage more than one-fourth (25%) of defecations;
   * Manual maneuvers to facilitate more than one fourth (25%) of defecations (e.g., digital evacuation, support of the pelvic floor);
   * Fewer than 3 spontaneous bowel movements per week;
2. Loose stools are rarely present without the use of laxatives.
3. Insufficient criteria for irritable bowel syndrome Criteria fulfilled for the last three months with symptom onset at least six months prior to diagnosis.

Severity of constipation:

1. Mild: The symptoms are mild and do not affect daily life. Normal BMs can be restored through overall adjustment and medication use in a short time.
2. Moderate: The symptoms are between mild and severe symptoms.
3. Severe: The symptoms are severe and persistent, seriously affecting work and life, and requiring medications, and medications cannot be stopped, or medications are ineffective.

   3. People who had a colonoscopy within three years before screening and had negative results, or whose colonoscopy results are judged by the investigator as mild anomalies, but the cause of their constipation cannot be explained. If the colonoscopy report is unavailable, the study physician will determine if a colonoscopy is needed. If the subjects undergo a colonoscopy after signing the ICF, they will not enter the treatment period until their BMs return to the baseline level (which takes about 1-4 weeks).

   4. People had colonic polyps and a polypectomy (except for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD)). Those with a polyp ≤1 cm can be enrolled one month after the polypectomy. Those with a polyp \>1 cm can be enrolled three months after the polypectomy.

   5. People who consent to participate in this trial, can communicate with the investigator, understand and comply with the relevant procedures and requirements during the study (including completing study questionnaires on time, being treated and visited as scheduled, and undergoing relevant examinations), and voluntarily sign the ICF.

   Exclusion Criteria:
   1. People who are not eligible for surgery or refuse to undergo any abdominal surgery.
   2. People with known or suspected gastrointestinal obstruction, stenosis, diverticulum, bleeding, malformation, and fistula.
   3. People allergic to polymeric materials.
   4. People implanted with cardiac pacemakers and using gastrointestinal pacemakers.
   5. People with abdominal aortic aneurysms, gastrointestinal vascular lesions, ulcers, and lesions with bleeding tendencies.
   6. People with dysphagia.
   7. People with severe depression and anxiety and severe acute gastrointestinal lesions.
   8. People who had gastrointestinal surgery or a history of surgery that changed the structure of the gastrointestinal tract (except for appendectomy) or people who underwent gastrointestinal ESD in the past three months.
   9. People with severe hemorrhoids (patients with grade III-IV hemorrhoids according to the Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Hemorrhoids of the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons).
   10. People who plan to undergo MRI in the near future.
   11. Pregnant women or women with pregnancy plans in the next year.
   12. People with other conditions, so the investigator considers them not eligible for this study.