cyrilzakka/clinical-trials huggingface dataset:
The Acute Impact of Sit-stand Desks on Post-meal Blood Sugar Levels

Context and Rationale: Uninterrupted sitting is associated with increased risk of diabetes, heart disease, and death, even among people who are physically active. These relationships are likely due to increases in post-meal blood sugar observed when people sit for long periods (e.g. \> 1 hour) without interruption. In contrast to sitting, standing results in large reductions in post-meal blood sugar levels. Our group has recently shown that sit-stand desks result in large (e.g. 2.5 hour/day) reductions in occupational sitting time. Taken together, these findings suggest that sit-stand desks may help to reduce post-meal blood sugar levels. However, this has yet to be examined in the field. Theoretical Approach and Objectives: The objective of this randomized crossover study is to determine whether people have lower blood sugar when using a sit-stand desk, in comparison to a desk that can only be used while sitting. Methods and Procedures: Sixteen participants will be asked to wear a continuous glucose monitor to measure their blood sugar levels during 2 separate conditions. During one condition, they will be asked to use a sit-stand desk to sit and/or stand as much as they like during 1 workday. During the other condition, they will be asked to work at a seated desk for 1 workday. Participants will be provided with identical meals to eat during each of the two conditions. We hypothesize that participants will have lower blood sugar levels on the day when they use the sit-stand desk, in comparison to the day using a traditional seated desk. Significance and Future Use: If our results support this hypothesis, this would suggest that sit-stand desks may be a useful way to reduce blood sugar levels in people at risk for diabetes. This could also lead to larger population-based interventions studying the health impact of sit-stand desks.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* To participate in this study, participants must be between the ages of 20 and 65, and have access to a sit-stand desk (depending on your workspace, we may be able to provide you with a sit-stand desk during the study if you do not already have one).

Exclusion Criteria:

* Participants will be excluded if they are currently taking any diabetes medications targeting blood sugar or insulin sensitivity as this will impact our primary outcome of postprandial glucose. Participants will also be excluded if they are unable to stand or walk independently, as these are secondary outcomes in the present study.
Determining Whether Multiple Anesthesia Exposures Affect Cognitive Function for Retinoblastoma Patients

The purpose of this study is to see if there is a difference between the development of the brain (neurodevelopment) in children who have been treated for retinoblastoma with multiple anesthetic exposures, compared with brain development in children who have never had anesthesia.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Age ≥ 6 and \< 17 years old

Exclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of any secondary disease associated with developmental delay
* History of second cancer diagnosis
* Legal Blindness
* Past surgery of any type, with the exception of enucleation for retinoblastoma
* Past exposure to anesthesia for purposes other than retinoblastoma examination
* More than one anesthesia encounter before diagnosis at MSK
* Past External Beam Radiation for treatment of retinoblastoma
* Past systemic chemotherapy
* Non-native speaker of English; however, children whose parents speak only Spanish will be included, because the tests for parents are available in Spanish
Nutritional Intervention to Enhance Sleep Quality and Quantity in Athletes

The primary objective is to assess the impact of two nutritional interventions vs. placebo on objective and subjective sleep measures in athletes. Participants receive one beverage on each of three consecutive nights in a randomized manner. It is hypothesized the two nutritional interventions will result in significant improvements in sleep onset latency, and will not result in a negative impact on next-day cycling performance.

The secondary objective is to assess the impact of the nutritional interventions vs. placebo on next-morning performance (physical, cognitive function, and balance).


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Male
* 18-40 years old
* Healthy (assessed via the Exercise and Sports Science Australia (ESSA) survey
* Endurance trained (2 hours of training at least 3 days per week for a minimum of 3 years)
* Free from any known sleep disorders or disturbances as assessed by a Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI score under 5)
* Must be willing to live/sleep at the Appleton Institute Sleep Laboratory for 4 (consecutive) nights/5 days (total 96 hours)
* Must be able to provide written informed consent upon having the study procedure explained to them verbally and in writing.
* Willing to be prohibited from consuming caffeine and alcohol during the entire stay at the sleep clinic and agree to eat only the standardized meals and snacks and drinks provided.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Subject has a clinically diagnosed sleeping disorder
* Subject has a change in medication over the duration of the study that is known to affect sleep
* Subject has a current illness that would affect sleep
* Subject has a current injury that would prevent him from giving maximal effort during the next-morning performance task
* Participation in another clinical trial within the past 30 days or another PepsiCo/GSSI study within the past 6 months
NSAIDs in Sciatica NSAIDS IN SCIATICA

This study will evaluate whether treatment with Naproxen 500 mg twice daily is superior to placebo for the improvement of leg pain in patients with sciatica. Half of patients will receive Naproxen while the other half will receive placebo.

Sciatica is an established term for pain radiating from the lower back or buttock into the leg, commonly caused by a disc herniation. Given their analgesic and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of action, NSAIDs (Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) have been, and are still being regarded as standard therapy for sciatica.

However, very few randomised controlled trials of NSAIDs have been undertaken in sciatica, and no study has showed clinically meaningful effects as compared to placebo.

Since NSAIDs involve the risk of serious gastrointestinal, vascular and renal side effects there is a strong need to clarify their potential beneficial effects in sciatica.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion criteria:

* Age ≥ 18 years
* Radiating pain below the knee with a severity score of ≥4 on a 0-10 (NRS) in the previous 24 hours
* Signs of nerve root/spinal nerve involvement as indicated by at least one of the following features; myotomal weakness, dermatomal sensory disturbances (e.g. sensory loss, self-reported tingling/numbness), diminished reflexes, radiating pain exacerbation by SLR

Exclusion criteria:

* Not able to read or speak Norwegian.
* Unlikely to adhere to treatment and/ or complete follow-up (e.g ongoing serious psychiatric disease, drug abuse, plans to move)
* Sciatica of known cause other than disc herniation or degenerative stenosis.
* Neurogenic claudication, i.e. pain in the legs on walking or standing that resolves with sitting down or lumbar flexion.
* Symptoms indicating immediate surgery: cauda equina syndrome or a progressive large paresis.
* Women who attempt to conceive, are pregnant or breastfeeding.
* Previous episodes of asthma, urticaria or allergic-type reactions after taking aspirin or other NSAIDs.
* Active or history of peptic ulceration, gastrointestinal bleeding, or perforation.
* Use of drugs known to increase upper gastrointestinal adverse events in combination with Naproxen: anticoagulants, aspirin (acetyl salicylic acid), serotonin reuptake inhibitors and systemic corticosteroids.
* Hepatic enzyme (ASAT/ALAT) values above 1,5 x upper limit of normal (ULN)
* Renal function tests (creatinin/eGFR) outside normal range
* Congestive heart failure, established ischaemic heart disease, peripheral arterial disease, and/or cerebrovascular disease.
* Known hypersensitivity to Naproxen or any of the excipients (lactose, maize starch, povidone, sodium starch glycolate, talcum, magnesium stearate, polysorbate 80)
* Ongoing treatment with aspirin, systemic corticosteroids, diuretics, ACE-inhibitors, lithium and anticoagulants
* Scheduled for spinal surgery prior to end of study
* Reservation against intake of gelatine (the capsules contains gelatine, which among other things is produced by ingredients from pigs)
DIFFICULT INTRAVENOUS ACCESS IN ADULTS (VENSCORE)

The objective of the prospective multicenter observational study consists in defining a difficult intravenous access score in adult, during the preoperative period.

The main objective: the outcome of interest is defined as failure of cannulation on first attempt.

The risk factors of failure of cannulation on first attempt will be described. Adjusted multivariate models will be constructed. A prediction model will be proposed according to the transparent reporting of a multivariable prediction model for individual prognosis or diagnosis (TRIPOD)

Objectives:

To define a difficult intravenous access score in adult during the preoperative period Methods Multicenter, Observational prospective study

Patients:

patients \>18 years old, undergoing peripheral IV placement just before a surgery in operating room excision criteria: pregnant woman, induction of anesthesia with sevoflurane, Predictor variables include: history of patient (age,BMI, Fitzpatrick skin type, cancer, ICU stay, burn, diabetes, kidney disease, anxiety of patient...) , operator experience characteristics( years since graduation, years of anesthesiology experience, IVs started per month), type of catheter and place of catheterization),and postcatheterization data (success on fist attempt yes or no, number of total attempts until success...)

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* patients \>18 years old, undergoing peripheral IV placement just before a surgery in operating room

Exclusion Criteria:

* patients who refused IV placement; pregnant woman; induction of anesthesia with sevoflurane without venous access in place
Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy in Patients With Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Confocal laser endomicroscopy enables in vivo microscopic imaging within the mucosa layer of the gut at a subcellular resolution. Various studies have addressed the potential of endomicroscopy for the in vivo diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, Barrett´s esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Currently, there is only one case report from our group who noted the utility of endomicroscopy for the in vivo diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether endomicroscopy is effective for the in vivo diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Written informed consent
* Age 18-85 years
* Ability of subjects to understand character and individual consequences of clinical trial
* Subjects undergoing EGD

Exclusion Criteria:

* Inability to provide written informed consent
* Severe Coagulopathy (Prothrombin time \< 50% of control, Partial thromboplastin time \> 50 s)
* Impaired renal function (Creatinine \> 1.2 mg/dl)
* Pregnancy or breast feeding
* Active gastrointestinal bleeding
* Known allergy to fluorescein, acriflavin or cresyl violet
* Residing in institutions (e.g. prison)
Metformin in Moderate and Severe Renal Failure (CKD 3-4): A Follow-up Study

To validate on the mid-term in moderate and severe renal failure (CKD 3-4) a nomogram to adapt a fixed metformin daily posology according to renal function on the basis of the first short-term study made by the investigators.

A first open-label pilot study at different stages of CKD (1-5) (concerning whether or not metformin use is safe provided a dose adjustment is used) has evaluated (i) metformin levels in plasma and in erythrocytes according to an increasing metformin dosage and CKD severity (1-5) and (ii) the prevalence of lactate levels ≥2.5 mmol/L in CKD 3-5. All patients underwent 3 one-week- blocks of metformin treatment at an increasing dosage, each of which followed by a one week-wash- out period: 500 mg/day in the evening (E) in phase 1; 1,000 mg/day (500 mg morning (M) and E) in phase 2; 2,000 mg/day (1,000 mg M and E) in phase 3.

Steady-state trough blood levels were assayed 12 hours after the last dose of metformin. In this study a progressive dose-related increase of the trough metformin levels were observed and in particular in severe CKD stages. No case of severe hyperlactatemia was reported in this study. In continue, the investigators thought to conduct a new study to evaluate safety of metformin in mid-term period of time. For this purpose, metformin will be given at a fixed dose during 4 months: 1) 1,500 mg/day (500 mg M and 1,000 mg E) in stage 3a; 2) 1,000 mg/day (500 mg M and E) in stage 3b; and 3) 500 mg/day (M) in stage 4. Metformin levels in plasma and in erythrocytes, venous lactate, and HbA1c levels will be measured at 1, 2, 3 and 4 months for assessment of safety.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Type 2 diabetes patients with stable CKD stages 3A, 3B and 4 aged between 18 and 80 years requiring metformin (and any other antidiabetic treatment)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Hyperlactatemia (\> 2.5 mmol/L)
* No creatinine levels available since 3 months
* Severe hepatic insufficiency
* No liver function parameters available
* Need of investigation with iodized contrast media
* Hypersensitivity to metformin
Effect of an Exercise on Serum Uncoupling Protein-1 Level and the Role of Uncoupling Protein-1-3826 A/G Polymorphism

This study aims to determine the effect of an acute maximal exercise on serum uncoupling protein-1, irisin, interleukin 6 levels, and on blood lipid and lipoprotein concentrations. This study also evaluates the role of uncoupling protein-1-3826 A/G polymorphism on this eventual effect.

Therefore, this study hypothesizes that:

H01: Sedentary people and athletes' serum uncoupling protein 1, irisin, and interleukine 6 levels are different before and after an acute maximal exercise.

H02: Sedentary people and athletes' basal serum uncoupling protein 1 levels are associated with uncoupling protein 1-3826 A/G polymorphism.

H03: Uncoupling protein 1-3826 A/G polymorphism has a modifying role in the effect of maximal exercise on serum uncoupling protein 1 levels.

H04: Sedentary people and athletes' basal serum lipid and lipoprotein levels are associated with uncoupling protein 1-3826 A/G polymorphism.

H05: Uncoupling protein 1-3826 A / G polymorphism has a modifying role in the effect of maximal exercise on serum lipid and lipoprotein levels.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Athletes group:

  * Must be basketball, or volleyball, or handball players.
  * Must be subjects who have been training regularly for at least 3 months.
* Sedentary group:

  \* Must be subjects who have not been training regularly for at least 3 months.
* For both groups:

  * Healthy.
  * Non obese (body mass index \< 30).
  * Aged between 18 and 35 years.

Exclusion Criteria:

* For both groups:

  * Being regular consumer of cigarettes, alcohol, drugs and antioxidant substances.
  * Being obese (body mass index \> 30).
  * Having an acute or chronic injury which is limiting physical performance.
  * Having a disease (anemia, infection...) detected from the biochemical analysis of the blood samples.
  * Being injured or sick during the study.
Impact of Computer-aided Optical Diagnosis (CAD) in Predicting Histology of Diminutive Rectosigmoid Polyps: a Multicenter Prospective Trial (ABC Study).

Recently, a CNN-based artificial intelligence (AI) system for polyp characterization has been developed by Fujifilm Co., Tokyo, Japan. It works in conjunction with BLI system. In the present study we prospectively evaluate whether the evaluation of the endoscopist combined with the CAD system output achieve \> 90% accuracy in characterization (i.e. as adenomas or non-adenomas) of diminutive rectosigmoid polyps having histopathology as reference standard. Consecutive adult outpatients undergoing elective colonoscopy, in which at least one diminutive (\<5 mm) rectosigmoid polyp is detected are included. During endoscopic procedures all polyps identified by the endoscopist are documented for size, location and morphology. All diminutive polyps are characterized by a three sequential steps process: I) endoscopist prediction: the endoscopist evaluates the polyp by using BLI through the BASIC classification; the confidence level (high vs. low) in histology prediction is recorded; II) AI prediction: the AI system is switched on and the output of the automatic evaluation is recorded; this outcome is rated as stable or unstable, depending of the consistency over time of the outcome; III) combined prediction: a final classification is provided by endoscopist in light of the results of the first and of the second step; the confidence level is recorded. All polyps are resected and retrieved in separate jars and sent for pathology assessment. Only polyps characterized with high confidence will be included in the per-polyp analysis; the high-confidence characterization rate will be also calculated; the rate of polyps characterized with a CAD stable outcome will be calculated. Operative characteristics (sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value and accuracy) in distinguishing adenomatous from non-adenomatous polyps, evaluated with high confidence, will be calculated for each diminutive polyp and for each diminutive rectosigmoid polyp, having histopathology report as reference standard. The post-polypectomy surveillance intervals will be calculated on the basis of polyp histology (reference standard) in all patients according to both USMSTF and ESGE guidelines.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Consecutive adult outpatients undergoing elective colonoscopy, in which at least one diminutive (\<5 mm) rectosigmoid polyp is detected.

Exclusion Criteria:

* patients with CRC history or hereditary polyposis syndromes or hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer
* patients with inadequate bowel preparation
* patients scheduled for partial examinations
* polyps could not be resected due to ongoing anticoagulation preventing resection and pathologic assessment
* patients undergoing urgent colonoscopy
Evaluation of Coagulation in Multiple Sclerosis

Recent research in multiple sclerosis (MS) have suggested that altered coagulation and vascular inflammation may play a role in pathophysiology of MS. Sonoclot is viscoelastic method of analyzing clot formation. This instrument will be used to compare coagulation in individuals with MS to healthy controls. A 24-hour dietary recall and food frequency questionnaire will help determine whether coagulation is modified by fish consumption.

This case-control study will recruit individuals with a diagnosis of MS and healthy controls. Individuals will be asked to come to Bastyr Clinical Research Center for a single study visit, at which time dietary intake, current medications and supplements, other medical diagnoses, and coagulation will be evaluated.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of clinically probable of clinically definite multiple sclerosis made by board certified neurologist. Subject must be willing to release medical information regarding diagnosis
* Controls must consider themselves healthy and be free of any neurological, autoimmune, endocrine or other chronic disease. Must also be free of any recent acute illness/injury that can influence inflammatory activity.
* Individuals must be 18 or older

Exclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of coagulation defect
* Use of anticoagulants (eg. warfarin, coumadin) or Aspirin within 30 days of entry.
* NSAID within 7 days of entry (dietary intake of fish oil or tumeric is acceptable)
* Pregnancy
Feasibility of 1 Hour Clear Fluid Fasting Prior to Paediatric GA

The study is aim to investigate the appropriate fasting time for clear fluid in paediatric patients who plan for elective minor surgery.

This is a randomize control trial, which patient will be selected randomly to fast for clear fluid for 1 hour or 2 hours.

It is important to determine the gastric residual volume for paediatric age group prior to elective minor surgery in order to determine whether the difference between 1 hour fasting and 2 hour fasting for clear fluid is significant.

This study is to evaluate the latest fasting protocol that is currently adopted and recommended by United Kingdom, France and Royal Children Hospital Melbourne.

The research question is should investigator change fasting protocol for paediatric patients prior to operation.

The anaesthesia service is being studied. Participants are patients who are 5-16 years old are planned for elective minor surgery in ent, eye, dental surgery, general surgery and orthopaedics.

This study will be done in UMMC. 2 groups of patients will be recruit which consists of 50 patients each. Each of the group will be instructed to fast for clear fluid for 1 hour or 2 hours prior to surgery. Prior to induction, the amount of abdominal contents was examined using ultrasound scan. In addition, patients anxiety level prior to and 1 hour post general anaesthesia will be assess. Also, parents of patients will complete a questionnaire after the surgery to assess parental satisfaction toward anaesthesia service.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* 5-16 years old
* elective open minor surgery in ent, eye, dental surgery, general surgery and orthopaedics

Exclusion Criteria:

* Gastro-oesophageal reflux (GORD)
* renal failure
* severe cerebral palsy
* some enteropathies
* oesophageal strictures
* achalasia
* diabetes mellitus with gastroparesis
* surgical contra-indications
* Emergency cases
* patients that were already intubated
: Association of Melatonin Levels and Light and Noise Isolation in ICU

Melatonin is secreted from the epiphyseal gland with a circadian rhythm and is known to be anti-inflammatory.

In this study, it is planned to investigate the effect of sleep disruptions on melatonin levels and inflammation parameters in intensive care patients underwent transcranial surgery

Patients with Glasgow coma scale (GKS) \>14, American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) I-III, intensive care patients underwent transcranial surgery will be included

Patients will be randomly allocated by a computer generated random numbers list into two groups.

Patients with sleep disruptions (Group I) (exposed to ambient light and noise) and Patients without sleep disruptions (Group II) (eyes closed with patch and ear plugged; between 24:00-06:00)

Melatonin levels will be measured by urine 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (a-MT6) levels, which is a product of melatonin degradation at 07:00 am preoperative and postoperative day 1 and day 3.

Plasma Interleukin-1 (IL-1), Interleukin- 6 (IL-6),C-reactive protein (CRP) levels will be measured at 07:00 am preoperative and postoperative day 1and day 3.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria

* ASA 1-3
* Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS) \>14

Exclusion Criteria:

* Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS) \<14
* Patients who do not understand the questions, not awake
* Patient who treated with hormones
* Patient with infection or inflammatory disease