Alleviate-HF-2 Study

Patients with heart failure and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (HFpEF, EF ≥ 50%) or mid-range left ventricular ejection fraction (HFmrEF, 40% \< EF \< 50%) with mild to moderate functional limitation will be evaluated for treatment via creation of a no-implant interatrial shunt using clinical, echocardiographic, and invasive hemodynamic data


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. NYHA Class II at screening with a prior history of greater than NYHA Class II, OR NYHA Class III at screening, OR ambulatory Class IV at screening: with documented medical history of heart failure for at least 6 months prior to the screening visit.
2. Medical history within the past 12 months of at least one hospitalization with heart failure as the primary or secondary diagnosis OR treatment with IV diuretics for heart failure..
3. LVEF (by Echo) \> 40% as measured by the study-specific transthoracic echocardiography.
4. Echocardiographic evidence of diastolic dysfunction documented by one or more of the following as measured by the study-specific transthoracic echocardiography protocol:

   1. LA diameter \> 4cm
   2. LA volume index \>28 mL
   3. Lateral e' \<10 cm/s
   4. Septal e' \<8 cm/s
   5. Lateral E/e' \>10
   6. Septal E/e' \>15
5. As measured by the study-specific exercise hemodynamic right heart catheterization protocol performed during screening: Elevated left atrial pressure WITH a gradient compared to right atrial pressure (RAP) documented by: (1) end-expiratory PCWP at peak supine cycle ergometer exercise ≥ 25mmHg AND (2) PCWP greater than RAP by ≥ 5 mmHg, OR (1) ≥ 10 mmHg increase of end-expiratory PCWP at peak supine cycle ergometer exercise compared to resting PCWP AND (2) PCWP greater than RAP by ≥ 5 mmHg. Patients must also have PCWP greater than RAP by ≥ 5 mmHg at rest.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Presence of advanced heart failure defined as one or more of the following:

   * ACC/AHA/ESC Stage D heart failure, non-ambulatory NYHA Class IV HF.
   * Cardiac index less than 2.0 L/min/m2.
   * Patient is on the cardiac transplant waiting list.
   * Inotropic infusion (continuous or intermittent) for EF less than 40% within the past 6 months.
2. Presence of moderate or worse valve disease, defined as one or more of the following:

   * Moderate or worse mitral valve regurgitation or moderate or worse mitral stenosis.
   * Moderate or worse tricuspid valve regurgitation.
   * Moderate or worse aortic valve disease defined as moderate or worse AS or AI.
3. . Presence of chronic pulmonary disease defined by one or more of the following:

   * Requirement for continuous home oxygen use.
   * Hospitalization within the past 12 months for treatment of pulmonary disease.
   * Significant chronic pulmonary disease defined as FEV1 less than 50%.
4. Documented as currently requiring dialysis or estimated GFR less than 25ml/min/1.73m2
5. 6-minute walk distance less than 50 m or greater than 450 m performed during screening.
6. Documented atrial fibrillation with ventricular rate greater than 100 BPM at screening.
7. Presence of moderate or worse right heart dysfunction OR RV dysfunction defined as TAPSE less than 14 mm or RVFAC less than or equal to 30%
8. Presence of pulmonary hypertension with PASP greater than or equal to 70 mmHg OR PVR greater than 4 Wood units.
9. Presence of anatomic anomaly that precludes creation of interatrial shunt (including patent foramen ovale, atrial septal defect, target septal thickness greater than 3 mm)
10. SBP greater than 170 mmHg at screening.
11. Documented left ventricular end diastolic diameter greater than 6 cm.