cyrilzakka/clinical-trials huggingface dataset:
Survey of Correction Officers Before and After a Targeted Education Campaign

The investigators will implement a multifaceted Target Education Campaign (TEC) within the three jails about recognizing early psychotic symptoms and referring to the Correctional Health Services. This campaign will include print materials and targeted trainings for Correction Officers. To develop all aspects of the TEC, the investigators will convene a workgroup, meeting biweekly for the first 6 months, including the entire investigative team, as well as experts at the Center for Practice Innovations (CPI). Depending on the nature of agreed-upon educational materials, the investigators will use specific areas of expertise at CPI for development. Materials will provide specific, actionable, and persuasive messaging about: (1) how to identify select signs of psychosis, (2) how to refer to the Specialized Early Engagement Support Service (SEESS) (in year 2), and (3) the effectiveness of early treatment through coordinated specialty care for early psychosis. Messaging will be continuous in the three jails.

Because Correction Officers in the three jails of interest are critically positioned to influence pathways to care, print materials will be supplemented with professional outreach and education by the SEESS. Roll-call is the approved venue by which all ongoing education happens for Correction Officers. Roll-calls take place at the beginning of each shift (7am, 3pm, 11pm) every day of the week in the same location and last \~ 15 - 20 minutes; all staff starting that shift attend. During roll-call, brief messages (2-3 minutes) will be delivered by the Controlling Captains, which is the standard practice for communicating important information to Correction Officers. Both daytime and overnight shifts will receive the targeted training for the 24 months of the TEC.

The investigators will collect pre-TEC (baseline) and during-TEC (at 6 months and 12 months) data from Correction Officers through brief surveys, which will be used to test changes in mean scores for knowledge, behavioral expectations, and self-efficacy, which are three key constructs from Social Cognitive Theory.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Correction Officers;
* over the age of 21

Exclusion Criteria:

* children under the age of 21 years
A Multicentre Preoperative Fasting Audit

The new European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care (ESAIC) preoperative fasting guideline recommends a one hour minimum fasting time for clear fluids. This represents a major change in the practice of pediatric anaesthesia.

During the transition to shorter fasting times on a global scale, we need a large multicenter audit to monitor the incidence of pulmonary aspiration.

The purpose of preoperative fasting is to achieve an empty stomach at the time of anaesthesia induction.

Most current fasting guidelines all take into account the balance between the risk of pulmonary aspiration and the harmful effects of prolonged preoperative fasting. However, there is increased awareness among pediatric as well as general anaesthesiologists that many patients suffer from prolonged duration of fasting in spite of the reasonable nominal respective limits of 6-4-2 hours. Prolonged fasting may be harmful, especially in small children, but also in adults with a poor nutritional status.

The new European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care (ESAIC, 2022) preoperative fasting guideline recommends a one-hour minimum fasting time for clear fluids. This represents a major change in the practice of paediatric anaesthesia. During the transition to shorter fasting times on a global scale, we need a large multicentre audit to monitor the incidence of pulmonary aspiration.

The primary aim of the European Preoperative Fasting Audit (EUROFAST) is to determine the safety of reducing the required fasting time for clear fluids to at least one hour in children fasting before elective procedures requiring general anaesthesia (as recommended in the ESAIC guideline).

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Children, age \< 16 years old
* General anesthesia

Exclusion criteria

* Age \> 15 years
* Procedure without general anesthesia
* General anesthesia performed at center with less than 1000 pediatric cases per year
Olanzapine Augmentation Therapy in Treatment-resistant Depression: a Double-blind Placebo-controlled Trial

60 patients with major depression will be treated with 10 mg Olanzapine or Placebo for 2 weeks. In case of response (reduction of depressive symptoms)the study will be continued for further 60 days.

The study is using a randomized double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled design. 30 patients per treatment group will be included into the study and randomized to the treatment groups using a computer program. Psychotic features of depression will be excluded by a score of 2 or less in the PANSS subscales P1, P3 and P6. Treatment resistance as defined by history of non-response to two antidepressants from different classes at an acceptable dose and period is confirmed retrospectively. If possible, treatment compliance should be confirmed by plasma level examination. After informed consent, visit 1 is performed on day 0 (inclusion criteria, history, demographics, physical examination, vital signs, HAMD, MADRS, CGI, lab). Study medication is started on day 1, the antidepressive therapy is continued at stable dose until the end of the study. Patients will receive a double-blind therapy of either 10 mg/d olanzapine or placebo. Study visits will be performed on days 4, 7, and 14 (visits 2-4: vital signs, HAMD, MADRS, CGI, lab).

After 14 days, the patients will be classified as responders or non-responders. A responder is defined by a reduction of the initial HAM-D score of more than 50%. Study treatment will be stopped in non-responders and continued in a double-blind manner in responders for further 60 days. Thereafter, the the study medication is stopped and the patients are observed for further 14 days. Study visits will be performed every 14 days. This extension phase was added to examine if a prolonged treatment with olanzapine could ensure a sustained treatment effect. It should be excluded that olanzapine has a short-term tranquillizer-like effect or leads to unfavourable medium- to-long-term depressiogenic effects as observed with other neuroleptics used in depression ( e.g. fluspirilene). Moreover, withdrawal effects should be excluded.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* major depression without psychotic features
* therapy resistance (2 courses of antidepressants from different classes for more than 3 weeks in adequate dose
* HAM-D score greater/equal than 17
* age 18-65

Exclusion Criteria:

* bipolar disorder
* active alcohol or illicit drug use
* female with ineffective contraception
* severe medical conditions, epilepsy
* psychotic features
Understanding the Differences in the Management of Patients With Arthritis of the Knee or Hip

The purpose of this study is to examine cultural and clinical context factors in African-American and white veterans with knee or hip osteoarthritis with a focus on how these factors may be potentially modifiable determinants of willingness to consider joint replacement.

The study focuses on identifying potentially modifiable determinants of patients� willingness to consider joint replacement as a treatment option for osteoarthritis of the knee or hip. This line of research is informed by not only our prior work but also recent studies on health disparities and patient decision-making. Our long-term goal is the development and evaluation of interventions to target these determinants of willingness in order to eliminate ethnic disparities in joint replacement. The study findings will assist in laying the groundwork for the design of such interventions for patients with osteoarthritis.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Chronic, frequent knee or hip pain based on the National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey
2. Age \>50 and \<80 (at least 50 but not to exceed 79 years of age)
3. Severe or extreme knee or hip OA on the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (i.e., score greater than or equal to 39)

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Prior history of knee or hip joint replacement
2. Terminal illness (i.e., end-stage cancer, CHF, COPD, etc.)
3. Physician-diagnosed inflammatory arthritis
4. Dementia
5. Prosthetic leg
FCT With Young Children With ID in the UK: A Feasibility Project V.1

The current project aims to assess the feasibility of conducting Functional Communication Training in the UK with a small sample of young children (aged under 9) in an NHS setting. Three delivery formats will be assessed in order to demonstrate the feasibility of conducting FCT via different delivery methods within an NHS context. Participants will be four children aged under 9 who have an identified intellectual / developmental disability and display either self-injury, property destruction, or aggression at home. In addition, one family carer per child will be coached to implement the intervention, either following researcher intervention, or from the beginning. Data will be collected on challenging behaviour, communication responses, family carer confidence in managing behaviour, fidelity of intervention implementation, family quality of life, and acceptability of the intervention.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Child aged under 9
* Child has identified intellectual disability or genetic syndrome associated with intellectual disability (e.g. Fragile X Syndrome)
* Child uses only phrase speech (i.e. 2-3 word utterances)
* Child displays self injury, aggression, property destruction at home
* Family carers aged over 18 with capacity to consent
* Family carer speaks English as first language (to ensure that the child understands English and will therefore understand researcher)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Child experiences health condition involving pain that is not well controlled by treatment
* Child is fully deaf / blind
* Child or family carer receiving active treatment in relation to child's behaviour (e.g. direct behavioural support, parenting programme etc.)
Role of Echocardiography in Pulmonary Embolism

1. To analyze the diagnostic and prognostic value of echocardiographic parameters.
2. Prediction of APE-related 30-day mortality and adverse out comes.
3. The need for rescue thrombolysis in initially normotensive Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) patients.

Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) is the most serious clinical presentation of venous thromboembolism (VTE). According to registries and hospital discharge databases of unselected patients with Acute pulmonary embolism and venous thromboembolism , 30-day all-cause mortality rates are between 9% and 10%.

According to the recent European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of Acute pulmonary embolism patients, clinical classification of the severity of an episode of Acute pulmonary embolism is based on the estimated 30-day Acute pulmonary embolism - related mortality risk. Patients with cardiogenic shock caused by Acute pulmonary embolism comprise a high-risk group for early death, which is estimated at more than 15%.

Fortunately most Acute pulmonary embolism patients are hemodynamically stable at admission but the early mortality risk is different in this population. Risk stratification of non-high-risk Acute pulmonary embolism patients is based on clinical presentation, cardiac laboratory biomarkers, and signs of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction on echocardiography or computed tomography. Low-risk patients require a short hospital stay and can be early discharged home or even treated as outpatients.

Intermediate-risk subjects comprise a very heterogeneous group in which the early mortality ranges between 2% and 15%. More of these patients stabilize hemodynamically during anticoagulation, but in some of them clinical deterioration occurs and therefore they may require rescue thrombolysis or surgical or percutaneous embolectomy.

Echocardiography is a useful diagnostic tool to detected right ventricular (RV) dysfunction. It was reported that tricuspid annulus plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) can be used for risk stratification of normotensive APE patients. The tricuspid regurgitation peak gradient (TRPG) is an echocardiographic sign of RV overload and it can also be used for risk stratification in Acute pulmonary embolism .

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age \>18 and \<70 years.
2. Patients with intermediate- risk pulmonary embolism will be

   1. -hemodynamically stable at admission with systolic blood pressure

      * 90 mmHg and without signs of peripheral hypoperfusion.
   2. - elevated cardiac biomarkers levels (particularly, a positive cardiac troponin test

Exclusion Criteria:

* 1- Age \<18 years.

  2- Patients diagnosed with chronic thromboembolic hypertension.

  3- Patients with valvular heart diseases.

  4- Patients with lung cancer.

  5- Acute massive pulmonary embolism.
Role of the Immune Environment in Response to Therapy in Breast Cancer

This is an observational case-control study of tissues collected from women with ER+HER2- breast cancers. The immune environments of these cancers will be compared to triple negative and HER2+ breast cancers. No randomization or changes to standard of care treatment will occur as part of the study.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion criteria:

Women 18 years of age or older with non-metastatic breast cancer undergoing surgical resection in the University of Pennsylvania Health System.

Exclusion criteria:

Males Children Pregnant individuals
Epidemiology of Community Acquired Pneumonia in North Israel

Pneumonia in general and CAP in particular is considered as one of the most common bacterial infections, associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality and is highly significant economically since all respiratory infections, and pneumonia especially, cause about 80% of antimicrobials use in the community. The high frequency of respiratory infections and the excessive use of antimicrobials are major contributors to the development of pathogens resistant to antimicrobials. In addition, in CAP almost all patients are treated empirically, without identification of causing pathogen.

Aim of study: To identify common pathogens causing CAP in hospitalized patients in north Israel.

Pneumonia in general and CAP in particular is considered as one of the most common bacterial infections, associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality.

CAP is highly significant economically since all respiratory infections, and pneumonia especially, cause about 80% of antimicrobials use in the community. The high frequency of respiratory infections and the excessive use of antimicrobials are major contributors to the development of pathogens resistant to antimicrobials. In addition, in CAP almost all patients are treated empirically, without identification of causing pathogen.

CAP is divided to two principal groups: Bacterial CAP and Atypical CAP. Since pathogens are different, treatment approach is also different. The main obstacle is absence of adequate diagnostic immediate and cheap tools to enable identifying pathogen and hence treatment is not always appropriate. Giving the right therapy at the right time is of major importance since early start of correct treatment is linked to morbidity and mortality of patients. For prescribing appropriate empiric therapy, knowing the epidemiology of CAP, i.e. the frequent causing pathogens according to age groups and other demographic characteristics, is essential.

Unfortunately, except one study conducted 10 years ago by Dr. Liberman from Soroka Medical Center, there is no characteristic information regarding causing pathogens. Lacking this data, might result in selecting inadequate treatment.

Material \& Methods:

We should enroll about 300 patients hospitalized in Ha'Emek Medical Center with the diagnosis of CAP, in order to make the study results statistically significant.

In addition to demographic and clinical data, following tests will be performed:

1. Blood cultures
2. Sputum
3. PCR - throat culture to the following pathogens:

   * Mycoplasma pneumoniae
   * Chlamydia pneumoniae
   * Legionella
   * Adenovirus
   * Influenza A
   * Influenza B
   * RSV
   * Metapneumovirus
   * Parainfluenza
   * Pneumococcal antigen in urine

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Community acquired pneumonia
* Hospitalization

Exclusion Criteria:

* Immunocompromised patients
* Patients under chemotherapy treatment
* Patients under steroids treament
Transmuscular Quadratus Lumborum Block on Post-Operative Analgesia After Total Hip Arthroplasty

The aim of this study is to compare between the post-operative analgesic effect of two approaches of transmuscular quadratus lumborum block (transverse versus paraspinous sagittal transmuscular QLB) in total hip replacement surgery.

During the preanesthetic assessment, all patients will be educated about the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain assessment, with scores ranging from 0 to 10 (0 represent no pain, while10 represent maximum intolerable pain).

The patients will be randomly classified into three equal groups (25 patients each). Group allocation will be done by computer generated random numbers and closed opaque sealed envelopes. The study will be designed to be double blind as all patients and postoperative assessor will be blinded to group assignment.

Patients will be randomized to one of three equal groups:

* Group I: Control group (n= 25 patients): Patients in this group will receive ipsilateral sham ultrasound-guided block via subcutaneous injection of 1 ml of normal saline after surgery.
* Group II (n= 25 patients): Patients in this group will receive an ipsilateral single shot of transverse transmuscular approach of QLB (30 ml of plain bupivacaine 0.25%) after surgery using ultrasonographic guidance.
* Group III (n= 25 patients): patients in this group will receive an ipsilateral single-shot of paraspinous sagittal approach of QLB (30 ml of plain bupivacaine 0.25%) after surgery using ultrasonographic guidance.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* 75 patients, aged between 21- 80 years old, of both sex American society of Anesthesiology I - III scheduled for total hip replacement surgery.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patient refusal.
* Coagulopathy
* Spinal deformities
* Peripheral neuropathy; sensory disorders in the leg requiring surgery and chronic pain.
* Mental dysfunction, psychiatric illnesses and cognitive dysfunction.
* History of drug abuse \&chronic analgesic use
"Information Technology Methodology for Patient Motivation in Diabetes Management."

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder requiring lifestyle modification and medicines, adherence to which has to be practised on a daily basis.

Motivation of patients to adhere to treatment is difficult in clinical practice. It is well documented that majority of patients do not reach the glycaemic targets even in the centres of excellence. Regular short service messages (SMS) through cell phones could have a positive effect on behaviour and adherence to life style changes and compliance to drugs. It may be practical and feasible to use information technology as an effective and simple tool for motivating patients to adhere to the prescribed treatment regimen.

In diabetic patients, frequent reminders regarding the need for adherence to LSM and drugs by the medical professionals will improve the compliance.

In diabetic patients, frequent reminders by the medical professionals on the need for adherence to Life Style Modification (LSM) and drugs will improve the compliance. SMS may be an effective and cheap tool of communication. Improved compliance is likely to result in better glycaemic control.

Out of total number of 200, consecutive randomization of 100 patients each to SMS or usual care arms will be done. Patients in the SMS group will get SMS once in 3 days as a reminder. Patients will be reviewed at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months from the date of randomization

Fasting and 2hr postprandial glucose and HbA1c will be tested during each visit.

At baseline and at the end of the study, lipids, and renal function test will also be done. A validated questionnaire will be used to assess physical activity, diet habits, adherence to drug prescriptions and frequency of monitoring of blood glucose. . Body weight, blood pressure, biochemical variables, scores for diet and physical activity and compliance to drugs, will be compared using students 't' test or chi-square test as relevant.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Male or female, 30-65 yrs of age at the time of entry and have type 2 diabetes for a minimum period of 5 years.
* HbA1C ranging 8.0-10.0%
* Patients either receiving OHA and / or insulin

Exclusion Criteria:

* Type 1 diabetes
* Patients with history of blindness, decreased vision
* Serious vascular complications :
* Cancer
Genetic Collection Protocol

This study involves the one-time collection of whole blood or saliva samples for the extraction and storage of DNA for use in ongoing and future ChiLDReN studies.

The purpose of this study is to establish a mechanism to collect a genetic biosample from the participants and their biological parents previously enrolled into clinical research under ChiLDReN-supported protocols (PROBE, BASIC, LOGIC, and MITOHEP). The samples will be linked to the data previously collected on the participant. Samples will be stored in the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) specimen repository and will be used in ongoing and future Network and Ancillary Studies of ChiLDReN to further address the pathophysiology and outcomes of these liver diseases.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* For Child Participants

  1. Previous enrollment in PROBE, BASIC, LOGIC, or MITOHEP
  2. Exited from one of the aforementioned studies.
  3. Consent for DNA sample collection obtained during enrollment during enrollment to one of the aforementioned studies but sample not previously collected.
  4. Still followed at the clinical site.
* For Biological Parent Participants

  1. Biological parents of previously consented child participant without collection of a parental DNA biospecimen.
  2. Child still followed at the clinical site.

Exclusion Criteria:

* For Child Participants

  1. Participant is deceased
  2. Participant exited from prior study due to violating eligibility criteria
  3. Participant cannot be contacted
* For Biological Parent Participants

  1. Non-biological parent
  2. Child DNA was not previously collected and will not be collected in this study