Cyclophosphamide Plus Vaccine Therapy in Treating Patients With Advanced Cancer

RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy work in different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Vaccines made from a patient's tumor tissue may make the body build an immune response to kill tumor cells. Chemotherapy combined with vaccine therapy may kill more tumor cells.

PURPOSE: Phase II trial to study the effectiveness of combining cyclophosphamide with tumor cell vaccine in treating patients who have metastatic cancer or cancer at high risk of recurrence.

OBJECTIVES:

* Determine the safety and clinical effects of autologous or allogeneic active-specific intralymphatic immunotherapy with a vaccine containing interferon alfa or interferon gamma-treated tumor cells followed by sargramostim (GM-CSF) in patients with advanced cancer.

OUTLINE: This is a pilot study. Patients are stratified by tumor type.

Tumor tissue is removed from the patient and incubated with interferon alfa or interferon gamma for 72-96 hours. (If autologous tumor cells are not available, an allogeneic vaccine is prepared.) Harvested activated cells are irradiated immediately prior to use.

Patients receive cyclophosphamide IV. 48-72 hours after cyclophosphamide administration, patients receive tumor cell vaccine intradermally. Patients also receive sargramostim (GM-CSF) subcutaneously prior to vaccine administration and once daily for the next 8 days. Treatment repeats every 2 weeks for 3 courses in the absence of unacceptable toxicity. Patients with responding or stable disease after completion of course 3 may receive additional courses.

Patients are followed for survival.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 20-40 patients will be accrued for this study within 18-24 months.

Eligibility Criteria:
DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:

* Histologically confirmed cancer not amenable to cure or long-term control by surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or hormonal manipulations, including the following tumor types:

  * Colon cancer
  * Lung cancer
  * Renal cancer
  * Breast cancer
  * Pancreatic cancer
* Metastatic disease or subclinical disease at high risk of recurrence
* No brain metastases unresponsive to irradiation or surgery
* Hormone receptor status:

  * Not specified

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:

Age:

* 18 and over

Sex:

* Not specified

Menopausal status:

* Not specified

Performance status:

* ECOG 0-2 OR
* Karnofsky 70-100%

Life expectancy:

* At least 3 months

Hematopoietic:

* Not specified

Hepatic:

* Not specified

Renal:

* Not specified

Cardiovascular:

* No prior or concurrent significant cardiovascular disease

Pulmonary:

* No prior or concurrent pulmonary disease

Other:

* No prior or concurrent autoimmune disease
* No other prior or concurrent major medical illness
* HIV negative
* No clinical evidence of AIDS
* Not pregnant

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:

Biologic therapy:

* Not specified

Chemotherapy:

* See Disease Characteristics
* At least 4 weeks since prior chemotherapy

Endocrine therapy:

* See Disease Characteristics
* At least 4 weeks since prior hormonal therapy
* No concurrent chronic steroid therapy

Radiotherapy:

* See Disease Characteristics
* At least 4 weeks since prior radiotherapy

Surgery:

* See Disease Characteristics