cyrilzakka/clinical-trials huggingface dataset:
3D PET Myocardial Blood Flow and Rb82 Infusion Profiles

The investigators seek to test bolus infusions (50ml/min) vs. slow infusions (20 ml/min) of Rb-82 on metrics of coronary blood flow assessed on a modern 3D PET/CT.

As perfusion metrics in the healthy volunteers, patients with risk factors and/or coronary artery disease and in tissue with transmural myocardial infarctions has been well defined AND same day test-retest variability minutes apart using a bolus infusion is ±10%, the investigators shall test 3 hypotheses. The first hypothesis is repeated same day test-retest coefficient of variation (COV) of whole heart rMBF and sMBF acquired using a bolus infusion profile (50 mls/min) on a modern 3D PET scanner falls within ± 10%. The second hypothesis is repeated same day test-retest COV of whole heart rMBF and sMBF acquired using a slow infusion activity profile (20 mls/min) on a modern 3D PET scanner falls within ± 10%. The third hypothesis is COV of whole heart rMBF and sMBF between bolus and slow activity profiles is ± 10% where the bolus is considered the standard on a modern 3D PET scanner.

The investigators will test the different activity profiles on 3 distinct populations:

1. Healthy volunteers
2. Clinical volunteers with risk factors and/or CAD
3. Volunteers with clinical infarcts.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Normal Volunteers

* Adults ≥18 and \<40 years old able to give informed consent.
* Ability to abstain from caffeine for 48 hours

The "clinical" population

* Adults ≥18 years old able to give informed consent.
* Any cardiac risk factor including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus or tobacco use OR
* CAD defined by with history of PCI or CABG, Coronary Ca score\>400, or dense coronary calcifications noted on chest CT
* Ability to abstain from caffeine for 48 hours

The "infarct" population

* Adults ≥18 years old able to give informed consent.
* Prior cardiac PET scan demonstrating a fixed defect ≥ 15% of the LV myocardium with relative uptake ≤60% maximum uptake.
* In addition, to the perfusion defect, each volunteer requires either:

  * FDG PET or MRI viability studies confirming infarct OR
  * akinesis and wall thinning on ECHO within the same territory as the PET defect in addition to Q-waves on ECG
* Ability to abstain from caffeine for 48 hours

Exclusion Criteria:

Normal Volunteers

* Any chronic cardiac disease or condition (e.g., hypertension, hyperlipidemia)
* Any chronic systemic disease or condition (e.g., diabetes, systemic lupus, rheumatoid arthritis)
* Tobacco use
* Family history in a first degree relative with clinical CAD (h/o PCI, MI or CABG) in men \<55 or women \<65
* Severe claustrophobia
* Positive urine pregnancy test
* Inability to give informed consent
* BMI ≥ 30 or BMI\>25 and \<30 provided waist to hip ratio \>0.80 in women or 0.90 in men.

The "clinical" and "infarct" populations

* Severe claustrophobia
* Hemodynamic instability or unstable symptoms
* Positive urine pregnancy test
* Inability to give informed consent
A Pharmaco-surgical Approach to Reduce Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation After Cardiac Surgery

Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a common complication following cardiac surgery with an estimated incidence around 35%. It has been found to be an independent predictor of 30-day and 6-month mortality, stroke, renal failure, respiratory failure, and need for permanent pacemaker among others. Previous studies including meta-analyses demonstrate a protective benefit of prophylactic amiodarone to decrease the risk of POAF. However, this has not been widely adopted, and recent society guidelines only give prophylactic amiodarone a Class IIA recommendation, citing risk of amiodarone-related toxicity and hypotension as reasons for the Class IIA recommendation. A meta-analysis comparing cumulative doses of amiodarone found that moderate to higher doses of amiodarone have a marginally increased benefit in reducing the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation over lower doses; however, the study did not assess risk of complications stratified by cumulative doses, which has been previously described. Finally, a recent meta-analysis showed that a posterior pericardiotomy was highly effective at reducing postoperative atrial fibrillation. Consequently, the investigators' institution has adopted a pharmaco-surgical approach (prophylactic amiodarone and posterior pericardiotomy) in an effort to reduce postoperative atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass cardiac surgery for all patients who meet inclusion/exclusion criteria.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Preoperative normal sinus rhythm
* Procedures:
* CABG
* CABG + concomitant valve or aortic replacement/repair

Exclusion Criteria:

* Emergent operation

Procedures:

* MAZE or PVI performed
* Isolated valve replacement or repair
* Isolated aortic procedures
* Heart transplant
* Lung transplant Pre-existing atrial arrhythmias Pre-operative amiodarone use Contraindications to amiodarone use
* PR interval \> 240 ms
* 2nd or 3rd degree heart block
* QTc \> 550ms
* 2nd or 3rd degree heart block
* Liver impairment (INR \> 1.7, AST/ALT \> 2x normal)
* Uncontrolled hypothyroidism/hyperthyroidism
* Interstitial lung disease
* Allergy to amiodarone
A 12 Week Study of MK0653A in Patients Who Have Been Hospitalized for a Possible Heart Problem (0653A-808)

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of an investigational cholesterol-lowering drug in patients who are currently taking an approved medication for hypercholesterolemia (high cholesterol levels) and have been hospitalized for a heart problem.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients greater than 18 years old, who were admitted to a hospital for an investigation of a heart problem and are currently receiving an approved medication to lower cholesterol

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients who have congestive heart failure (CHF), uncontrolled high blood pressure, poorly controlled blood sugar, impaired kidney function, or HIV.
Inhaled Nitric Oxide and Inhaled Prostacyclin After Cardiac Surgery for Heart Transplant or LVAD Placement

Research study evaluating the individual and combined effects of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) and inhaled prostacyclin (iPGI2), on the function of the right heart after surgery for either heart transplant or for left ventricular assist device (LVAD) placement. The investigators hope to learn if these two medications, when given together after surgery, improve right heart function by lowering blood vessel pressures in the lungs. The investigators hope to learn if the combined effects of these two medications are better than either medication used alone. Participants were selected as a possible participant in this study because right heart problems are common during and after surgery for heart transplant and for LVAD placement. In addition, iNO is always given during and after these two types of surgeries at Stanford to help improve how the right heart functions.

The study will begin once the participant arrives in the cardiothoracic intensive care unit (CTICU) after heart surgery for either heart transplant or LVAD placement. As is standard of care after these types of surgeries, the participant will arrive in the CTICU with a breathing tube already in place, receiving iNO, and connected to a breathing machine. The participant will be receiving relaxing medication in an intravenous line provided by the cardiac anesthesiologist and the CTICU physicians. The participant will be unaware of the study period while the participant is sedated. Data will be collected from the monitor screen connected to the participant's arterial and venous lines, and if placed, LVAD monitor. These data are:

Central venous pressure (CVP) Mean arterial pressure (MAP) Mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP) Cardiac Index (CI) Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) Right ventricular stroke work index (RVSWI) LVAD Flow LVAD Pulsatility Index (PI)

These data will be collected at five different time periods during the first eight hours after surgery.

1. Time zero. Data will be collected after surgery upon your arrival to the CTICU while receiving iNO.
2. After two hours of iNO treatment data will be collected. iPGI2 will then be combined with the current iNO.
3. After two hours of combined iNO and iPGI2 treatment, data will be collected. iNO will then be stopped.
4. After two hours of iPGI2 treatment data will be collected. iNO will be restarted.
5. After two hours of combined iNO and iPGI2 treatment, data will be collected. The study ends after this data collection time.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Adult cardiac surgical patients scheduled to undergo either heart transplantation or LVAD placement

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with prior documented allergic reactions or intolerance to either nitric oxide or prostacyclin will be excluded. Patients not undergoing heart transplantation or LVAD placement will be excluded.
Comparing OHRQoL: One or Two Sessions for Wisdom Teeth Removal

This single-center prospective cohort study includes patients aged 18-30 years aimed to compare the effects of bilateral extraction of wisdom teeth at a single appointment (Group A) versus two separate appointments (Group B) on patients' oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). The primary outcome is Oral Health Impact Profile 14 score, while secondary outcomes included postoperative pain and maximum interincisal opening.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients referred to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department for bilateral extraction of impacted mandibular third molars.
* Asymptomatic, impacted mandibular third molars.
* Impaction classified as Class I, Position A according to the Pell and Gregory classification.
* Patients with an ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) Physical Status Classification of ASA 1.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Local pathology associated with third molars (e.g., cysts or tumors).
* Diagnosis of acute pericoronitis.
* Usage of anti-inflammatory drugs or antibiotics within the last week.
* Operations requiring osteotomy.
* Patients with psychiatric disorders or taking drugs that may impair their mental health.
* Patients unwilling to undergo data collection procedures.
* Pregnant or lactating women.
* Heavy smokers.
* Operations lasting longer than 45 minutes for one side (from the time the first incision is made to the last suture placed).
Labetalol to Prevent Hypertension and Tachycardia During Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy

Passing a bronchoscope through the airways frequently causes a stress response even though patients are sedated. This stress response is usually an increase in pulse and blood pressure, which may have undesirable effects on the heart and circulation.

We plan to give patients labetalol (a beta blocker which reduces pulse and blood pressure) in addition to normal sedation, to patients undergoing bronchoscopy in our department.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* All patients over 18 years old undergo fiberoptic bronchoscopy in our unit

Exclusion Criteria:

* inability or refusal to give informed consent
* bronchoscopy through an artificial airway
* intolerance or allergy to the study drug
* bradycardia (HR\<60/min) or hypotension (systolic BP \<100) at screening
* pregnancy,
* concomitant treatment with diltiazem or verapamil
* intention to use propofol as the sedative agent for bronchoscopy.
Identification and Prevention of Pelvic Floor Dysfunction in Gynecologic Cancer Survivors

The two goals of this study are to establish a standardized method of assessing the pelvic floor for patients undergoing pelvic radiation and to determine the feasibility of inverse-RT planning using MRI to identify dosimetric constraints of the pelvic floor musculature for use in radiation planning. The investigators hypothesize that an exam-based diagnostic tool will provide more information about the areas of injury related to pelvic radiation than patient-reported outcomes, and could be used in future studies of preventive strategies. An exam-based tool will also allow measurement of the pain dose-response to radiation treatment of specific areas, which could be excluded from radiation fields during treatment planning.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria - Prospective Cohort

* Undergoing primary treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer with definitive, curative-intent chemoradiotherapy (chemotherapy must be a radiosensitizing platinum agent).
* At least 18 years of age.
* English speaker.
* Able to understand and willing to sign an IRB approved written informed consent document.

Exclusion Criteria - Prospective Cohort

* Received any form of pelvic radiation (excepting diagnostic studies).
* Currently taking and does not plan to take anti-estrogenic hormonal therapy.
* Diagnosis of interstitial cystitis/chronic bladder pain, irritable bowel syndrome, or inflammatory bowel disease.
* Currently being treated for a chronic non-cancer pain condition (treatment for pain after enrollment is acceptable).

Inclusion Criteria - Retrospective Cohort (historical control)

* Received primary treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer with definitive, curative-intent chemoradiotherapy (chemotherapy must be a radiosensitizing platinum agent).
* At least 18 years of age.

Exclusion Criteria - Retrospective Cohort (historical control)

* Received any form of pelvic radiation (excepting diagnostic studies).
* Took anti-estrogenic hormonal therapy during treatment or in the 6 months following treatment.
* Diagnosis of interstitial cystitis/chronic bladder pain, irritable bowel syndrome, or inflammatory bowel disease at the start of treatment.
* Simultaneously treated for a chronic non-cancer pain condition at the start of treatment.
Evaluating Rewards-Based Adherence and Electronic Medication Monitoring in HIV-Positive Adolescents

The primary objective of this project is to assess the study population's acceptance of two medication adherence support strategies: incentive-based programs and electronic medication monitoring. The study population is adolescents (ages 16 - 24) positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) currently undergoing treatment with antiretrovirals at St. Jude's HIV clinic. Participation in the study will involve completion of a survey: an Audio Computer Assisted Self Interview (ACASI). The duration of the survey is anticipated to be 10-20 minutes. Patient identifiers will not be attached the survey.

Whether or not patients take their medications is one of the most noticeable and important predictors of treatment success or failure for HIV infection. Ways to improve compliance, specifically rewards-based programs and electronic medication monitoring, have shown some success in limited clinical research studies focused on adult subjects. Because the social and developmental factors in adolescents are different from adults, adolescents may not respond to these interventions in the same way as adults. This study will investigate adolescent acceptance and the effectiveness of these programs.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* HIV positive
* Ages 16-24 years.
* Participants must understand written or spoken English, because the ACASI used in the study can only be administered in English.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Adolescents with a documented diagnosis of mental retardation or a significant motor or sensory impairment that would preclude participation in the study survey.
Verification of Endotracheal Tube Placement With Ultrasonography (USG)

The purpose of this study is to verification of Endotracheal Tube Placement with Ultrasonography (USG).

The purpose of this study is to verification of Endotracheal Tube Placement with Ultrasonography (USG). In this study, using of USG during verification will be compared with traditional method.

In traditional methods, after intubation, verification of endotracheal tube placement is done via to monitoring of thorax movement, checking of tube fogging, auscultation of lung and stomach, capnography and radiography.

In USG method, after intubation, verification of endotracheal tube placement is done via to using linear transducer. The probe will be placed transversely and longitudinally on the neck and in front of cricoid cartilage.

So, collected all data from two method will be compared.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* applied intubation patients

Exclusion Criteria:

-
Renal Resistive Index as a Predictor of Acute Kidney Injury and Evaluation of Fluid Administration in Sepsis

We aim from this study to investigate the role of renal resistance index (RRI) in evaluation of Acute kidney injury development and fluid administration in sepsis patients considering the change in RRI values over 7 days from admission as a predictor of AKI development

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common problems in critically ill patients in the clinic. AKI can be caused by various factors, such as hypovolemia, shock, major surgery, trauma, and heart failure, of which sepsis is the most common

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Age over 21 years
* meet Sepsis 3 criteria (potential source of infection , host response and organ dysfunction) but not in septic shock.

Exclusion Criteria:

* patients during pregnancy.
* patients with hepatorenal syndrome.
* Poor abdominal echogenicity eg.(morbid obesity ,increase intra abdominal pressure )
* Severe acute or chronic renal insufficiency .
* Dialysis dependency.
* Renal transplantation.
* Known renal artery stenosis.
* Mono-kidney, kidney tumor, anatomic kidney abnormalities.
Skin IaM: An Exploratory Clinical Trial to Evaluate Changes in Skin Appearance, Colour, and/or Texture Following the Induction of a Local Inflammatory Skin Response

This trial will test the feasibility of various imaging devices to detect local skin inflammation prior to clinical manifestation.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Male aged \>25- \<40 years.
* Healthy, non-smoker.
* In the opinion of the investigator, the subject will be able to comply with the requirements of the protocol, including ability to present for all required visits.
* Subject is capable of understanding and signing an informed consent form.
* White origin (limit Skin Fitzpatrick I to III).

Exclusion Criteria:

* Male aged \< 25 years or \>40 years.
* Female of any age.
* Tattoos on or within 5 cm of the area to be assessed.
* Scars on or with 5 cm of the area to be assessed.
* Current, active inflammatory skin disease, or past history of any inflammatory skin disease (other than acne) such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis.
* Suffered from any significant allergies (i.e. food, environmental, contact).
* Subjects who are immunocompromised (i.e. HIV positive, Hepatitis C, transplant, etc.), based on clinical history.
* Subjects who currently have an activated immune system (e.g from current infection or recent vaccination).
* Subjects who have a history of chronic disease such as diabetes.
* Use of investigational therapy in the preceding month prior to screening visit.
* Use of G-CSF, GM-CSF, IL-2, IFNs, erythropoietin, systemic or inhaled steroids within one month of the screening visit.
* Use of oral analgesics/anti-inflammatories (e.g. paracetamol, ibuprofen, aspirin, codeine) or topical anti-inflammatories (e.g., ibuprofen) within 5 days of the screening visit.
* Concurrent disease or conditions that may present a risk to the subjects.
Metabolic Availability of Methionine From Chickpeas in Adult Men

The research study is being done so we can determine the quality of the protein present in Canadian chickpeas. Amino acids are the building blocks of protein and protein quality is determined by the amount of amino acids present and by their bioavailability (their absorption and use by the body). Some amino acids are essential which means they must be obtained from the diet. If any one of the essential amino acids is missing in the diet, the body cannot make proteins that are used to repair tissue build bone, teeth, etc...Chickpeas as a food source contain low amounts of the essential amino acid methionine which makes its protein incomplete. The amino acids in chickpeas are also affected by cooking. Our objective is to determine the amount of methionine in chickpeas that the body can use. We will test chickpeas by studying them after cooking them, on their own and by combining the chickpeas with rice in a mixed meal to make a more complete protein.

This research is being done in order to bridge the gap between knowledge of protein requirement and the amount of food needed to meet that requirement. Results from this study will be important for recommendations guiding food choices of chickpeas as a major protein source in the diet.

Previously the quality of dietary protein for human consumption was studied in animals. This study is being done in humans because studies in animals are not directly applicable to humans. Excessive animal protein consumption is also linked to cardiovascular disease. Plant protein sources like chickpeas are important alternatives shown to "enhance ecosystem resilience, and improve human health.

If you agree to take part in this study, you will receive 3 different amounts of chickpeas which will contain different amounts of the essential amino acid methionine as well as 3 different amount of chickpeas complemented with rice. The chickpeas will be cooked on its own or served with the rice. The quality of the protein in the chickpeas will be compared to the quality of a reference protein (egg protein) by giving you 4 reference diets containing amino acids make up like the amino acids in egg protein. The amount of chickpeas you receive will be provided in a random order.

Breath samples will be collected after the 4th meal in 15 min intervals for 1 hour. Breath collection will resume again two and a half hours after the 5th meal every 15 minutes until 30 minutes after the last meal. A total of 52 breath samples will be collected during each of the 3rd study day.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Male, age 18 - 49 yrs, Healthy with no known clinical condition which would affect protein or AA metabolism, ex. Diabetes, Stable Body Weight (no more than 5 lb weight loss or gain in the past 3 months) Not on any medications that could affect protein or amino acid metabolism e.g. steroids

Exclusion Criteria:

* Unwillingness to participate or unable to tolerate the diet Recent history of weight loss within the last 3 months or on a weight reducing diet Inability to tolerate study diets (ex. Allergy to ingredients).
Randomized, Multicenter Trial Comparing TVT With TVT-O for Treatment of Female Urinary Incontinence

The Tensionfree Vaginal Tape (TVT) procedure is a minimally invasive surgical procedure for treatment of female urinary stress incontinence. The TVT procedure has a documented efficacy and safety but is still associated with the risk of intra- and post-operative complications. A modification of the TVT procedure called TVT-O (Tensionfree Vaginal Tape Obturator), which utilises the obturator foramen for passage of the tape, is thought to lower the risk of complications. The trial compares the TVT procedure with the TVT-O procedure in a randomized fashion in order to detect differences in the rate of complications and in cure rate.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* history of stress incontinence
* indications for surgical treatment
* positive cough stress test
* urgency score \< 7

Exclusion Criteria:

* prior incontinence surgery
* need of concomitant surgery
* post void residual urine volume \< 100 ml
* urinary tract anomalies
* urinary tract infection
* more than 3 urinary tract infection within last year
* more than grade 2 urogenital prolapse
* Body mass index \> 35
* Radiotherapy of the pelvic region
* active malignancy
* hemophilia
* anticoagulant treatment
* neurological disorder or other disease which affects bladder function
* anticholinergic treatment
* use of duloxetine
* do not understand the purpose of the trial
* immobility