MRgFUS Versus EBRT in Patients With Metastatic Non-spinal Bone Disease

The objective of this trial is to collect and compare safety and effectiveness data of Magnetic Resonance guided Focused Ultrasound (MRgFUS) using the ExAblate 2100 device and radiotherapy in the treatment of metastatic bone tumors.

This study is designed as a prospective, double arm, non-randomized study with External Beam radiation therapy (EBRT) serving as control arm.

The study hypothesis is that MRgFUS is an effective non-invasive and safe treatment for the palliation of metastatic bone tumors with a low incidence of co-morbidity as compared to EBRT.

This is a prospective, phase II, open-label, non-randomized, double arm study to collect data on safety and effectiveness of ExAblate MRgFUS and EBRT treatments of metastatic bone tumors. Following treatment assignment and treatment itself, subjects will be followed for up for 12 months to evaluate pain relief as well as quality of life. Additional data regarding dosage and frequency of analgesic consumption for the management of the bone tumor induced pain will also be collected. MRI of the treated lesion will be obtained 3 and 6 months post therapy to evaluate effect on the lesion in both radiation and MRgFUS arms. This is clinically acceptable and widely utilized diagnostic method in follow up of this patient population.

Data will be collected for a total of 184 patients, 92 patients treated by EBRT and another 92 patients treated by FUS.

Treating physician, as of his/her normal practice, might offer additional treatment of other type in cases where pain score of the treated lesion will not improve by at least 2 points, and will remain 4 or greater. Additional treatment may be performed up to one month following treatment. Prior to offering alternative treatment, an MRI will be performed to evaluate effect on the lesion. Patient receiving another treatment, different from the initial one (i.e. patient initially treated with FUS is now treated by EBRT) will be considered as treatment failures for the primary analysis and their post-x-over follow-up results will be analyzed separately.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Men and women age 18 years and older.
2. Able and willing to give consent and to attend all study visits
3. Patients with bone metastasis or primary bone lesion identifiable by imaging techniques.
4. Worst NRS Pain Score of ≥ 4 from the tumor to be treated.
5. Each targeted tumor is accessible to both ExAblate and EBRT (ExAblate accessible lesions are located in ribs, extremities (excluding joints), pelvis, shoulders and in the posterior aspects of the following spinal vertebra: Lumbar vertebra (L3 - L5), Sacral vertebra (S1 - S5), please see ExAblate "Information for Prescribers".
6. Targeted tumor area is smaller than 100cm2.
7. Tumor clearly visible by non-contrast MRI.
8. No radiation therapy to selected lesion during one month prior to enrollment.
9. Radiation therapy to selected lesion is not contraindicated
10. Bisphosphonate, chemo or hormone therapy intake should remain stable throughout follow up duration.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients who either need pre-treatment surgical stabilization of the affected bony structure
2. Targeted tumor is in a vertebra body or in the posterior aspects of the vertebral column other than Lumbar vertebra (L3 - L5) and Sacral vertebra (S1 - S5).
3. Targeted tumor is in the skull.
4. Patients on anti-coagulation therapy or with an underlying uncontrolled bleeding disorder.
5. Patients with life expectancy \< 6-Months.
6. Patients with unstable cardiac status including:

   * Unstable angina pectoris on medication.
   * Patients with documented myocardial infarction within last 40 days to protocol entry.
   * Congestive heart failure NYHA Class IV
7. Severe hypertension (diastolic BP \> 100 on medication).
8. Patients with standard contraindications for MR imaging such as non-MRI compatible implanted ferromagnetic objects/devices.
9. Known intolerance or allergies to MRI contrast agent (e.g. Gadolinium or Magnevist)
10. KPS score of below 60
11. Severe cerebro-vascular disease (multiple CVA or CVA within 6 months)
12. Individuals who are not able or willing to tolerate the required prolonged stationary position during treatment (approximately 2 hrs.)
13. Target tumor is less then 1cm from spinal cord, skin, or hollow viscera.