Safety and Preliminary Immunogenicity Study of Inactivated Vaccine for Prevention of Rotavirus Infection

This study is a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, Phase 1, dose-escalation study to evaluate the safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of Inactivated Rotavirus Vaccine (IRV) performed in healthy adult (aged 18-49 years), adolescent (aged 6-17 years) and infant subjects (aged 2-71 months). Primary objectives of the clinical trial include assessing the safety and tolerability of IRV given at two and three dose levels and comparing the safety and tolerability of IRV after each vaccination, between dosage groups, and by pre-vaccination rotavirus immune status. Secondary objective of the clinical trial is immunogenicity evaluation after each vaccination, between dosage groups, and by pre-vaccination rotavirus immune status.

This clinical trial aimed to evaluate safety and immunogenicity effect of IRV（Vero cell）in Chinese healthy adults, adolescents and infants. The subjects were divided into 5 groups. Two dose and three dose levels will be evaluated. Adult (aged 18-49 years), adolescents (aged 6-17 years), infant subjects (aged 7-71 months) and infant subjects (aged 2-6 months) will receive intramuscular (IM) injection on Days 0 and 28. Infant subjects (aged 2-6 months) subjects will receive intramuscular (IM) injection on Days 0 , 28 and 56. Three dose subgroups (low dose, medium dose and high dose were included in each age group. To maintain blindness in the trial, subjects were randomized in a 3:1 ratio to receive different dosages of the vaccine group or placebo group. In the analysis, the placebo subjects of the same age group were combined to ensure that the analysis ratio of the experimental vaccine group to the placebo group is 1:1. Therefore, 24 subjects in the experimental vaccine group and 8 subjects in the placebo group were chose in each dose group. Subjects were randomized to receive different dosages of the vaccine or placebo. Vaccination was performed in the adult group first, then on the adolescents, and on the infants last. Within each age group, dose-escalation with the principle from low to high dosage.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. 2 months old to 49 years old, healthy resident, excluding the following:

   * Congenital malformations, developmental disorders, genetic defects, severe malnutrition and other conditions；
   * Have Congenital or acquired immunodeficiency, HIV infection, lymphoma, leukemia, systemic lupus Erythematosus (SLE) , juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis, or other autoimmune diseases；
   * History of Cerebral Palsy, seizures, mental illness.
2. I and/or my guardian voluntarily participate and sign an informed consent form, and can follow the requirements of the clinical trial protocol;
3. Have never received oral rotavirus live attenuated vaccine.

Exclusion Criteria:

* First dose exclusion criteria:

  1. Armpit temperature \>37.0℃ before vaccination；
  2. Subjects with history of intussusception or suffering from intussusception；
  3. Subjects with history of convulsions and convulsions; history of epilepsy, mental illness and their family history；
  4. Subjects with history of allergy to vaccination；
  5. Acute attacks of various acute diseases (fever) or chronic diseases within 3 days before receiving the study vaccine；
  6. Subjects receiving immune enhancement or immunosuppressive therapy within 3 months (continuous oral or infusion for more than 14 days)；
  7. Subjects vaccinated with live attenuated vaccine within 14 days and other vaccines within 7 days before vaccination；
  8. Subjects with history of coagulation dysfunction (e.g. Coagulation factor deficiency, coagulation disease);
  9. Subjects with primary and secondary immunocompromised (history of thyroid, pancreas, liver, spleen resection, or need for treatment for thyroid disease in the past 12 months)；
  10. Subjects with abnormal blood biochemistry, blood routine, and urine routine related indicators that have clinical significance\* before vaccination；
  11. Subjects who are currently or plan to participate in other clinical studies;
  12. According to the investigator's judgment, the subject has any other factors that are not suitable for participating in the clinical trial.

      Note\*: The criterion of no clinical significance is "the laboratory test value between the upper limit (ULN) or lower limit (LLN) of the reference value range and the grade 1 adverse event" as judged by the doctor to have no clinical significance.
* In addition to the general exclusion criteria, specific subjects should also follow the following exclusion criteria.

（1）18-49-year-old women who have plans to become pregnant within the past 2 months or are pregnant or are breastfeeding； （2）Positive pregnancy test of female subjects of childbearing age； （3）18-49-year-old adults with hypertension that cannot be controlled by drugs (on site measurement: systolic blood pressure ≥140mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90mmHg)； （4）24-month-old infant subjects with a history of dystocia, suffocation rescue, neurological damage； （5）24-month-old baby subjects are born prematurely (delivered after the 37th week of pregnancy), low weight (birth weight for girls \<2300g, boys \<2500g).

-Exclusion criteria for follow-up needle:

1. Subjects with serious adverse reaction after the previous vaccination;
2. For the subjects who are newly discovered or newly appeared after the first vaccination that do not meet the selection criteria or meet the first exclusion criteria, the investigator will determine whether the subjects continue to participate the clinical trial;
3. Subjects vaccinated with other rotavirus vaccines other than the research vaccine during the study period;
4. Other exclusion reasons considered by the researcher.