Semilunar and Conventional Coronally Positioned Flap for the Treatment Gingival Recession

A clinical evaluation of using the semilunar coronally position flap (SCPF) compared to the conventional coronally advanced flap (CAF) with modification to treat class I Miller gingival recession. The coronally repositioned gingival margin will be stabilized by coronally anchored suture with composite stops on the buccal surface of the tooth using flowable composite. The sample size will be ten patients. Each patient has bilateral Miller Class I gingival recessions; one will be treated with SCPF, while the other will be treated with CAF

The aim of this study is to clinically compare between the semilunar coronally positioned flap (SCPF) and the conventional coronally advanced flap (CAF) after applying modification in both techniques to treat class I Miller gingival recession. Coronally repositioned gingival margin will be stabilized by coronally anchored suture with composite stops on the buccal surface of tooth using flowable composite for the treatment of gingival recession. Ten patients who have bilateral maxillary buccal Miller Class I gingival recession defects will be enrolled in this study. These defects will be distributed randomly into two groups: the test group (SCPF) and control group (CAF). Clinical parameters will be evaluated: visible plaque index (VPI), sulcus bleeding index (SBI), probing depth (PD), gingival recession height (GRH), gingival recession width (GRW), clinical attachment level (CAL), width of keratinized tissue (WKT), thickness of keratinized tissue (TKT), change in the position of muco-gingival junction, vestibular depth, wound healing index (WHI), the percentage of root coverage (RC) and root coverage esthetic score (RES) system. A questionnaire will be given to each patient, which includes evaluation of the pain intensity, root sensitivity, and satisfaction with aesthetic by using the visual analog scale (VAS) and questions about the number of analgesic pills consumed per day.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients are in general good health.
* The patient is non-smoker (less than 10 cigarettes per day) and non-alcoholic.
* Female participants must not be pregnant and not at menstrual period during surgery.
* The patient is committed to the oral care, and has a healthy periodontium.
* Absence of severe oral habits.
* They have not taken medication known to interfere with periodontal tissue health or healing in the preceding 6 months.
* Presence of bilateral buccal Miller class I gingival recessions (≤5 mm) in maxillary incisors, canines, or premolars.
* Presence width of keratinized tissue (WKT) ≥2 mm.
* The tooth is vital and absence of caries or restorations in the areas that will be treated.
* Pocket depth less than 3 mm without bleeding on probing (BOP).

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients less than 18 years old
2. Patients with untreated periodontal disease.
3. Smokers.
4. Immunosuppressive systemic diseases (like cancer, AIDS, diabetes...)
5. Miller's class II, III or IV gingival recession defects.
6. Presence of apical radiolucency or root surface restoration or caries at the defect site
7. Medications influence on the health of the gingival tissue (like calcium channel blockers, immunosuppressive systemic diseases (like cancer, AIDS, diabetes...) or Long-term steroid use