Phase I Study Evaluating TXA127 in Low/Intermediate-1 Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Thrombocytopenia

Phase 1, single-center, open-label, sequential cohort dose escalation study. This is a 3 + 3 design study involving at least 3 subjects in ascending dose cohorts, with subjects participating up to 10 weeks.

The overall study objectives are to evaluate the safety and tolerability of TXA127 in thrombocytopenic subjects with low or intermediate-1 risk MDS.

Evaluation of the platelet response and the erythroid and granulocytic responses to TXA127 will provide preliminary efficacy data.

The hematopoietic properties demonstrated in the preclinical and clinical studies support the investigation of TXA127 to stimulate stem cell and progenitor cell proliferation. This is an exploratory study in a limited population of low or intermediate-1 MDS subjects who have platelet counts of ≤50 x 109/L to evaluate the effects of TXA127 on platelet response and on granulocytic and erythroid response.

Platelet response will be defined as complete and major as below:

* Complete platelet response: increase of platelet count to \>100 x 109/L
* Major platelet response: increase of absolute platelet count by \>30 x 109/L Other responses will be according to modified IWG MDS criteria (2006). Daily subcutaneous dosing of TXA will be carried out both in the clinic at scheduled visits and at home between clinic visits for a period fo 28 days.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of MDS using the World Health Organization classification and Low or Intermediate-1 risk MDS using the IPSS
* The mean of two platelet counts taken during the 2-week Screening Period must be ≤50 x 109/L, with no individual non-transfused count \>60 x 109/L. Platelet counts taken prior to Informed Consent may be used as one of the two counts taken within 2 weeks prior to study Day 1, but both counts must be obtained within 4 weeks of commencement of treatment.
* Subjects must be ≥18 years of age at the time of obtaining informed consent
* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0-2 at the time of screening
* Adequate Liver Function, as evidenced by a serum bilirubin ≤2 times the laboratory upper limit of normal (ULN) (except for patients with a confirmed diagnosis of Gilbert's Disease), ALT and/or AST ≤3 times the laboratory ULN.
* A serum creatinine concentration ≤2 mg/dL

Exclusion Criteria:

* Currently receiving any treatment for MDS other than transfusions (last transfusion must be at least 4 weeks prior to treatment).
* If granulocyte and/or erythropoetic growth factors are currently being received, there should be a 4-week washout prior to treatment, and they may not be used during the study period.
* Concurrent active malignancy (other than controlled prostate cancer, in situ cervical cancer, or basal cell cancer of the skin)
* Prior history of bone marrow transplantation
* Unstable angina, uncontrolled congestive heart failure \[NYHA \> class II\], uncontrolled hypertension \[diastolic \> 100 mmHg\], uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmia, or recent (within 1 year) myocardial infarction, or a QTc interval value \>450ms.
* Received Anti-Thymocyte Globuline (ATG) within 6 months of screening
* Received hypomethylating agents, immunomodulating agents, histone deacetylase inhibitors, cyclosporine, or mycophenolate within 4 weeks of start of treatment
* Received IL-11 (oprelvekin) within 4 weeks before screening
* Have ever previously received rTPO, PEG-rHuMGDF, eltrombopag, or romiplostim
* Less than 4 weeks since receipt of any investigational agent (not FDA approved, for any indication)
* History of arterial thrombosis (e.g., stroke or transient ischemic attack) in the past year
* History of venous thrombosis that currently requires anti-coagulation therapy
* Female subjects who are pregnant or breastfeeding. Women of childbearing potential are required to have a positive HCG serum or urine pregnancy test performed 7 days prior to first study drug dose
* Women of childbearing potential who are unwilling to use an adequate form of contraception during the course of the study.
* Subjects with current alcohol abuse, illicit drug use, or any other condition (e.g., psychiatric disorder) that, in the opinion of the Investigator, may interfere with the patient's ability to comply with the study requirements or visit schedule.
* Subjects with a known sensitivity to any of the study medication components.
* Subjects known to have active HIV or known to be seropositive for HTLV-I.