Trial to Assess the Efficacy of F598 in Preventing an Experimental Urethral Infection With N. Gonorrhoeae in Healthy Males

Approximately 24 healthy male volunteers between the ages of 18 and 35 years will be enrolled at a single center for a duration of two months for each subject. Subjects who meet the enrollment criteria will be randomized to one of four open-label groups: Control (no treatment) or treatment with F598 at one of three doses. Following F598 administration or assignment to the Control group, subjects must return to the study site for inoculation with N. gonorrhoeae within 2 weeks. Once subjects have been inoculated with N. gonorrhoeae, they will enter the observation phase and will return to the study site daily for up to 5 days. At the end of the observation phase, definitive antibiotic therapy will be administered. A follow-up visit will be conducted 3-5 days after definitive antibiotic and a confirmatory interaction will occur with the subjects 7-10 days after the follow-up to confirm the subject's response. A final visit will occur approximately 8 weeks after inoculation.

The study is comprised of 8 phases:

1. Screening (Visits 1 and 2)
2. F598 administration (Visit 3)
3. Inoculation (Visit 4)
4. Observation (Visits 5 - 8, as needed)
5. Definitive antibiotic treatment (Visit 9)
6. Test of cure (Visit 10)
7. Confirmatory interaction (Visit 11)
8. Final pharmacokinetic (PK)/pharmacodynamic (PD)/anti-drug antibody determination (Visit 12)

For the purposes of standardization, Day 1 of the study will be considered the day of inoculation.

During the Screening phase, prospective subjects will undergo informed consent and will be reviewed for their compatibility with the eligibility criteria. Those subjects who meet all of the Inclusion criteria and none of the Exclusion criteria will be enrolled. Following enrollment, subjects must undergo a repeat urine screen for C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoeae and T. vaginalis (Days -17 to -4).

If the second urine screening test is negative, subjects will enter the F598 administration phase. Subjects will return to the study site and will be randomized to one of four open-label groups: Control (no treatment) or treatment with F598 at one of three doses. Following F598 administration or assignment to the Control group, subjects must return to the study site for inoculation with N. gonorrhoeae within 2 weeks. Thus, F598 will be administered on any one of Days -12 to -2.

During the inoculation phase, subjects will return to the study site and receive an inoculum of N. gonorrhoeae in the anterior urethra. A third and final urine screen for C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoeae and T. vaginalis will be obtained immediately before inoculation.

Once subjects have been inoculated with N. gonorrhoeae, they will enter the observation phase and will return to the study site daily for up to 5 days for a physical examination (in particular, for evidence of urethral discharge) and a urine sample for evidence of infection (NAAT and culture) as well as blood for F598 PK/PD and safety labs.

The observation phase will end and definitive antibiotic therapy will be administered when any one of four criteria is met:

1. The subject requests antibiotic treatment
2. The subject is found to by symptomatic (discharge, urethral discomfort)
3. The subject has reached Day 6 of the study

Thus, depending on the circumstances, definitive antibiotic therapy can be administered between Days 2 - 6, inclusive.

A follow-up visit at the study site will be conducted 3 - 5 days after definitive antibiotic therapy has been administered to ensure treatment response. Thus, depending on when the subject received antibiotics, this visit could occur between Days 5 - 11, inclusive. A physical examination will be performed and urine for evidence of infection (NAAT) as well as blood for F598 PK/PD will be obtained.

A confirmatory interaction with the subject will occur at the study site 7 - 10 days after the follow-up visit to confirm the subject's response and answer any questions the subject may have. Thus, depending on when the subject had his follow-up visit, the confirmatory visit could occur between Days 12 - 21, inclusive. Blood for F598 PK/PD, anti-F598 antibodies and safety labs will be obtained.

A final visit will occur approximately 8 weeks after inoculation (days 52 - 60) to obtain serum for PK/PD and anti-F598 antibodies.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Healthy male between the ages of 18 and 35 years
2. Able and willing to be located easily by providing street address and telephone number (land line and/or cell phone number)
3. Able and willing to provide written informed consent
4. Able and willing to attend all study visits and follow-up visit during the week after treatment
5. Willing to abstain from masturbation during the 6 days after inoculation
6. Willing to abstain from all sexual activity during the course of the study
7. No clinically significant abnormalities on physical examination
8. No clinically significant abnormalities in serum chemistries, hematology and urinalysis
9. Urine negative for chlamydia, gonorrhea and trichomonas
10. No history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including syphilis and hepatitis B (HBV) \& hepatitis C (HCV)
11. Negative human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), syphilis and HCV serologies
12. Negative HBV core and surface antibodies or results consistent with immunization (negative HBV core antibody/positive HBV surface antibody)
13. No history of bleeding diathesis
14. No history of seizures (due to reports of seizures with ciprofloxacin)
15. No history of cancer, except basal cell carcinoma of the skin more than 5 years ago
16. No history of drug abuse
17. No history of psychiatric disorders, except depression controlled by medication
18. No history of genitourinary surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Student or employee under the direct supervision of any of the study investigators
2. Any known immunodeficiencies including complement deficiency, antibody deficiency, chronic granulomatous disease or HIV infection
3. Sickle cell disease
4. Psychiatric disorders that would interfere with the ability of the subject to comply with the requirements of the protocol
5. Unstable depression (defined as receiving either \<3 months of the same medication (and dose) or a decompensating event during the previous 3 months) or depression that, in the opinion of the investigator, will compromise the subject's ability to comply with protocol requirements
6. Heart murmur or heart disease
7. Anatomic abnormality of the urinary tract
8. Any antibiotic treatment in the past 30 days, or azithromycin in the past 60 days
9. Chemotherapy within the past year
10. Current steroid use, except for topical application
11. Allergy to penicillin, cephalosporins, ciprofloxacin or to lidocaine
12. Treatment with medications that are contraindicated with cefixime, ceftriaxone or ciprofloxacin and that cannot be withheld for the single doses given in this study.

    1. Medications not permitted with cefixime or ceftriaxone include:

       * Warfarin
       * Probenecid
       * Aspirin
       * Diuretics such as furosemide
       * Aminoglycoside antibiotics
       * Chloramphenicol
    2. Medications not permitted with ciprofloxacin include:

       * Tizanidine
       * Theophylline
       * Warfarin
       * Glyburide
       * Cyclosporine
       * Probenecid
       * Phenytoin
       * Methotrexate
       * Antacids, multivitamins, and other dietary supplements containing magnesium, calcium, aluminum, iron or zinc
       * Caffeine-containing medications
       * Sucralfate or didanosine chewable or buffered
13. Major organ dysfunction
14. Any significant pre-existing condition preventing full compliance with the study
15. Infection or any serious underlying medical condition that would impair the ability of the subject to receive protocol treatment