Multidomain Intervention on Modifiable Lifestyle Risk Factors for Dementia Prevention

The overarching aim is to develop and deploy a multidomain intervention delivered on a mobile application to help middle-aged to older adults reduce their risk for dementia by improving a set of modifiable lifestyle risk factors associated with cognitive decline/dementia. This registration concerns the Pilot Feasibility study which examines different aspects of feasibility in a small-scale randomized pilot study, before implementing an efficacy study on a larger sample. A secondary objective is to determine whether the program can result in a larger improvement on risk factors (measured with Behavioural Risk outcomes) compared to a control intervention. It is expected that persons enrolled in the Luci program show larger change in Behavioural Risk outcomes than those enrolled in the comparator condition.

Multidomain lifestyle interventions show promising results in reducing the risk of cognitive decline and dementia.

In this study, we pilot the feasibility of a coach-based digital multidomain risk-reduction program to improve cognitive engagement, physical activity, and healthy eating in older adults at risk of dementia. This trial is the second step in the clinical validation process of the Luci program (see NCT04616794). In this 24-week study, participants are randomly assigned to the Luci Intervention group or to the Waiting-list Control group (i.e., participants receive the program after the end of the trial). Assessments will be done at study entry (T1), week 12 (T2), and week 24 (T3).

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion criteria:

* Proficient or native speakers in French;
* Computer literate defined as being able to read mails and browse the Internet, and having access to a computer, smartphone or tablet with an Internet connection;
* Committed not to participate in another program related to any of the three intervention domains for the duration of the trial;
* At least one of the following:

  * Low cognitive engagement in cognitively stimulating activities, defined as a score ≤ 22 on the adapted Cognitive Activity Questionnaire;
  * Low level of physical activity defined as less than 150 minutes/week) of moderate to vigorous physical activity measured using the Godin-Shephard Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire, and no medical contraindication to physical activity based on the Physical Readiness Questionnaire for Everyone (PAR-Q+);
  * Low adherence to the Mediterranean-type diet defined as a score of ≤ 8 on the adapted Canadian Mediterranean Diet Scale, and no severe food allergy or intolerance or history of eating disorder.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Presence of a cognitive impairment as measured by the Cogstate Brief BatteryTM.
* General anesthesia within the last 6 months;
* Participation in any previous validation studies related to the program;
* Participation, currently or within the last 6 months, in a program where they received any of the three interventions;
* Unable to commit participation over the period of the study.
* Participants in the precontemplation stage of change.
* Participants with a high level of perceived stress;
* Having received a diagnosis of:

  * Dementia or neurodegenerative disease (AD and other dementias);
  * Past or present neurological disorder (multiple sclerosis, brain tumour, epilepsy, stroke, traumatic brain injury);
  * Severe psychiatric disorder (schizophrenia, major depression, bipolar disorder);
  * Uncontrolled cardiovascular or metabolic diseases;
  * Alcoholism or drug addiction;
  * Any other conditions expected to limit participation (e.g., visual acuity).