cyrilzakka/clinical-trials huggingface dataset:
The Guiding Significance of Pupil Monitoring in the Perioperative Period

The pupil diameter is affected by both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves, and its latency and response amplitude mainly reflect the functional status of the parasympathetic nerve. Clinically, the diagnosis of neurological diseases can often be made based on changes in pupils.

An appropriate depth of anesthesia can cause minimal damage to the body after surgery, thereby reducing the impact on brain function and cognitive function.

The occurrence of postoperative delirium will have adverse effects on the prognosis of patients, such as prolonging the hospital stay, increasing the mortality of patients after surgery, and increasing early postoperative cognitive dysfunction.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia for tracheal intubation, aged ≥65 years, operation time ≥2 hours, ASA classification I-III, and postoperative hospital stay for at least one week.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. It is known that this study involves persons who are allergic to general anesthetics;
2. Patients with previous eye diseases;
3. Head and neck surgery is not conducive to measurement;
4. Patients with preoperative MMSE score less than 24 points or dementia due to various diseases;
5. Patients planning to undergo neurosurgery;
6. Those who use sedatives or antipsychotics before surgery;
7. Patients with known central nervous system diseases, such as mental illness; Patients with hearing or vision impairment and unable to communicate normally.
Epidemiology of Acute Kidney Injury in COVID19 Disease in United Kingdom

Severe Acute respiratory syndrome coronovirus (SARS-CoV-2) was first described in Wuhan in December 2019. It quickly spread to rest of the world and was declared pandemic by World health organisation. Initial case series focused on lung involvement in the form alveolar haemorrhages and respiratory failure. However, subsequently, there have been reports of kidney involvement resulting in severe acute kidney injury. However, the reported incidence from Chinese data has been less than 5% and detailed epidemiology of AKI in COVID-19 disease is lacking.

On 31st December 2019, a cluster of pneumonia cases were detected in Hubei province of China where the cause was unclear. The cause for these cases was subsequently identified as a virus which was referred to as SARS-CoV-2, and the associated disease as COVID-19.This evolved rapidly into a global pandemic with first case reported in UK as early as on 30th January 2020. As of 30th April 2020, there have been 3.05 million laboratory confirmed cases world-wide with 161,145 cases in United Kingdom (UK) in 539,768 cases tested for COVID-19. The epidemiology of COVID-19 has differed in China, US and Italy which have different demographic characteristics, testing methods and different ways to curb the spread of infection which can be altered by many things, including behaviour, and the stringent social distancing measure.Though the pandemic started in China, as of 30th April 2020, it has reported only 58.32 cases per million people (pmp) as compared to United kingdom which has reported 2433.8 cases pmp. This has resulted in different epidemiology of COVID-19 and organ system involvement. Lung involvement in the form of alveolar haemorrhages and respiratory failure has been well document in patients with COVID-19 and has been focus of attention, however, other organs are also affected in COVID-19, but there has been limited information kidney involvement in COVID patients.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

All patients who are admitted to the hospital with suspected COVID-19 infection between 1st March 2020 and 8th May 2020 and who meet following criteria will be included

1. Adult patients greater or equal to 18 years of age.
2. Swab results available for SARS CoV-19
3. Patients admitted to the hospital as per the national screening criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

The following patients will be excluded from the study

1. Paediatric patients as defined by age of \<18 years of age
2. Swab results which are awaited
3. Patients on haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis
Effect of Exercise and Wellness Interventions on Preventing Postpartum Depression

The purpose of this study is to examine the efficacy of the active interventions (exercise or wellness/support intervention) compared to usual care on the prevention of postpartum depression among women at risk for depression. The investigators will also examine the efficacy of an exercise intervention compared to a wellness/support intervention on postpartum depressive symptoms among women at risk for depression.

The purpose of this study is to examine the efficacy of exercise and wellness/support interventions for preventing postpartum depression. Specifically, 450 sedentary postpartum women (2-6 weeks postpartum) with a history of depression prior to pregnancy will be randomized to one of three groups each lasting six months: (1) telephone-based exercise intervention; (2) telephone-based wellness/support intervention; or (3) usual care. Participants will also complete a follow-up assessment session at 9 months. Participants will be recruited via online, email, and print advertisements. The investigators will obtain healthcare provider consent for each participant prior to randomization. The exercise intervention will consist of a theory-based telephone intervention shown to increase exercise among postpartum women in a previous study (Lewis et al., 2011). The wellness/support condition will be on the same schedule as the exercise intervention and will address several topics related to wellness. The usual care condition will receive their choice of the exercise or wellness/support condition upon completion of their final assessment. The primary dependent variable will be depression as measured by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Exercise adherence will be assessed using the 7-Day Physical Activity Recall Interview and the ActiGraph (i.e., an accelerometer, an objective measure of exercise).

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Generally healthy
* Low active
* Currently pregnant (who will wait to be randomized until postpartum) or less than six weeks postpartum
* History of depression

Exclusion Criteria:

* Less than 18 years of age
* Pre-existing hypertension or diabetes
* Currently exercising (defined as exercising more than 60 minutes per week)
* Enrolled in another exercise or weight management study
* Another member of the household participating in the study
* Unable to exercise for 20 minutes continuously
* Musculoskeletal problems such as arthritis, gout, osteoporosis, or back, hip or knee pain that may interfere with exercising
* Exercise induced asthma
* Any condition that would make exercise unsafe or unwise
* Taking medication that interferes with heart rate response to exercise such as beta blockers
* Hospitalization for a psychiatric disorder in the past six months
* Current depressive episode (based on the SCID) and/or currently receiving antidepressant medication or psychotherapy for depression (participants who are depressed prior to randomization will be referred to their primary physician or psychiatrist)
Pro-Vegetarian Diets, Microbial/Metabolite Profiles and Cancer

This projects aims to characterize dietary habits and nutrition quality of pro-vegetarian diets as compared to omnivorous diets. It also aims to stablish gut microbial and metabolit profiles of this dietary pattern, in order to elucidate the role of plant-based diets in cancer prevention and treatment.

Plant-based foods (fruits, vegetables, cereals, nuts and seeds, legumes, and vegetable oils) are the main source of fiber and other bioactive compounds in the diet. Plant-based diets are therefore assumed to prevent mortality and the ocurrence of chronic diseases including cancer. However, evidence on this issue is still scarce, and the mechanisms and drivers of their potential health benefits are also only partially known.

The main objectices of this project are:

1. To develop and validate dietary assessment methods for the vegetarian population
2. To assess dietary habits and consumer beliefs of vegetarians with respect to omnivores, considering different types of vegetarian diets
3. To identify a gut microbiota signature related to plant-based diets from subgroups of subjects following a plant-based diet foods (vegans, lacto-vegetarians, ..., and pro-vegetarians) and omnivorous subjects (non-plant-based diets), from stool metagenomic sequencing.
4. To relate this signature with metabolites present in faeces (related to the presence of certain microbial species) and in urine to improve the predictive capacity of the microbial signature of vegetable diets.
5. Validate the signature using independent study populations, and including colorectal and breast cancer survivors as another study target.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

-

Exclusion Criteria:

* pregnancy or lactation
* antibiotic treatment in the previous 2 weeks
Added Value of Supersonic Shear Imaging in the Diagnosis of White Matter Damage in Preterm Infants

Preterm birth and perinatal events related can interrupt microscopic maturation of the developing white matter leading to diffuse injury and subsequent neurocognitive impairments. Brain maturation can be studied using diffusion tensor imaging but is difficult to assess early after birth, repeatedly and at the bedside. Supersonic Shear wave Imaging (SSI) could be of interest in this clinical setting. This technique, already investigated in adults (breast, thyroid or liver fibrosis staging), has not been yet evaluated in neonates.

Objective:

To describe the feasibility and reproducibility of quantitative elasticity mapping in preterm infants and to correlate to gestational age.

Methods:

SSI is a quantitative stiffness imaging technique based on the combination of a remote palpation induced into tissues by the radiation force a focused ultrasonic beam and an ultrafast ultrasound imaging sequence. Such ultrafast frame rates permit to track in real time the displacements induced by the propagation of the resulting shear waves. For each pixel, the shear wave speed can be estimated locally and enables quantitative mapping of the local shear elasticity (characterizing the stiffness in kPa). In this study, we will use a new generation of ultrafast ultrasound scanners (Aixplorer®, Supersonic Imagine, Aix en Provence, France) with a linear L10-2 probe (256 elements, 6 MHz) in neonates born between 25 and 40 weeks' gestation (n=100). Three separate acquisitions will be obtained for each area of interest both on right and left sides and stiffness was measured using a unique ROI of 2.5 cm².

White matter damage occurs in 20% of preterm infants in industrialized countries. These lesions are difficult to evaluate by standard ultrasound. The quantitative elastography is a new medical imaging technique and potentially a diagnostic tool in brain lesions in preterm infants. Shear wave Imaging (SSI) could be of interest in this clinical setting. This technique, already investigated in adults (breast, thyroid or liver fibrosis staging), has not been yet evaluated in neonates.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* gestational age between 24 +0 and 31 +6 j GA) and 39 +0 and 40 +6 d (control group)
* Inborn or Outborn
* Informed consent of the holders of the exercise of parental authority
* recipient of a social security system (excluding AME) Child

Exclusion Criteria:

* Malformation known pathology;
* Known chromosomal abnormality;
Time From Onset of Fever to Administration of Antibiotics in Neutropenic Fever Patients

This trial uses an interview and a survey to gather information from cancer patients about the onset of their fever and the administration of antibiotics. Collecting information from patients may help doctors to assess the relationship between time to antibiotic administration and inhospital cause specific death, intensive care unit admission, hospital length of stay, and positive blood cultures.

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To assess the prognostic value of the length of time between the time onset of fever and first antibiotic administration on cause specific 14 day mortality rate.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To assess the associations of the length of time between the time onset of fever and first antibiotic administration with intensive care unit (ICU) admission, ICU length of stay, length of hospitalization and percentage of patients with positive blood cultures.

OUTLINE:

Patients respond to a survey and participate in an interview with study staff about their fever and when they started feeling unwell.

Eligibility Criteria:
IInclusion criteria:

--\> 18 years of age

* Temperature above 38.0 documented
* ANC\< 500/mm3

Exclusion Criteria:

--Age \<18
Body Composition, Fitness, and Thermoregulation in Young Boys With Type I Diabetes vs. Healthy Soccer Players

The study aims to assess differences in body composition, exercise capacity, and thermoregulation between young soccer players with type 1 diabetes and their healthy peers. Real-time glycemic monitoring during exercise will provide insights for developing effective diabetes management strategies, enhancing athletes' health and performance.

The aim of the study is to assess differences in body composition, exercise capacity, and exercise-induced thermoregulation between young athletes (soccer players) with type 1 diabetes and their healthy peers (also soccer players). Specifically, the study seeks to understand how type 1 diabetes, periodic glycemic fluctuations, and the body's metabolic balance status impact these parameters. By monitoring glycemic levels in real-time during exercise, the research will provide valuable insights into the necessity and frequency of glycemic control for individuals engaging in physical activity of varying intensities. The data obtained from this study may be crucial for developing effective strategies for managing type 1 diabetes in athletes, ultimately contributing to the improvement of their overall health and physical performance. Additionally, these findings could inform guidelines and recommendations for safe and effective exercise practices for diabetic athletes.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Active soccer training for at least 5 years

Exclusion Criteria:

* Comorbidities significantly affecting metabolism and thermoregulation
Addition of P1101 to Imatinib Treatment in Patients With Chronic Phase Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia Not Achieving a Complete Molecular Response

In this phase I pilot study, it is planned to investigate the feasibility and safety of adding an interferon therapy to an preexisting imatinib treatment in patients with chronic phase chronic myeloid leukaemia. The participating patients have already reached a response during their imatinib therapy (CCyR) but have still a detectable disease (no molecular response MR 4.5 or better).


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients ≥ 18 years of age
* BCR-ABL positive chronic myeloid leukaemia in chronic phase treated with imatinib as first line therapy
* CHR, CCyR after at least 18 months of imatinib treatment
* Adequate organ function, defined as the following:

  * total bilirubin \< 1.5 x ULN,
  * AST and ALT \< 2.5 x ULN,
  * creatinine \< 1.5 x ULN,
  * ANC \> 1.5 x 109/L,
  * platelets \> 100 x 109/L
* Written, voluntarily signed informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* CMR (molecular remission 4.5 or BCR-ABL transcripts undetectable)
* Patient has received any other investigational treatment within 28 days before study entry
* Treatment with a second generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (dasatinib, nilotinib)
* ECOG performance status ≥ 3
* Patients with a primary of a different histological origin than the study indication (unless relapse-free interval is ≥ 5 years, except cervical carcinoma, basal cell epithelioma or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin)
* Evidence of severe or uncontrolled systemic disease (e.g. unstable or uncompensated respiratory, cardiac, hepatic or renal disease etc.)
* Acute chronic infections
* Known autoimmune disease (e.g. collagen disease, polyarthritis, immune thrombocytopenia, thyroiditis, psoriasis, lupus nephritis or any other autoimmune disorder)
* Female patients who are pregnant or breast-feeding
* Known diagnosis of HIV
A Virtual Post-Discharge Intervention For Patients With CKD

This pilot, interventional study is testing a combination of remote, virtual interventions, delivered to patients at home to patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), with the goal of reducing admissions to hospital.

Chronic kidney disease and kidney failure increase the risk of hospitalizations. Many hospital admissions are potentially avoidable. This pilot, interventional study is testing a combination of remote, virtual interventions, delivered to patients at home, with the goal of reducing admissions to hospital. The hypothesis for this pilot work is that the proposed interventions will be adopted by patients and will improve mental health, physical function, quality of life, and disease self-management, which are all key potential mediators of hospital readmission risk in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Adults with CKD (defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate \<30mL/min/1.73m2, including hemodialysis)
* Able to provide informed consent.
* Ongoing follow-up by the St Joseph's Hospital Hamilton Kidney Care Clinic or Dialysis Program and with a recent hospital admission.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Unable to speak or understand English.
* Significant cognitive impairment (as per the treating inpatient care team)
* Serious mental illness (schizophrenia, severe untreated bipolar disorder, psychosis, active suicidal ideation)
* Significant vision or hearing impairment that prevents use of the technology or participation in any of the intervention components.
* Being discharged to long-term care, rehab or complex care.
* Peritoneal dialysis
* Home hemodialysis
* Functioning kidney transplant
Effect of Topical Anesthesia on Hemodynamics During the Induction Period in Patients Undergo Cardiac Surgery.

The aim of the induction is to decrease stress response of endotracheal intubation. It is also important to keep hemodynamics stable during and after the induction period. Previous studies have shown that topical anesthesia can provide excellent superior supraglottic and subglottic local anesthetic effects and can significantly reduce the dosage of intravenous anesthetics. Therefore, it is significant to explore whether the combination of topical anesthesia and intravenous anesthetics could decrease the stress response of endotracheal intubation and keep hemodynamics stable during and after the induction period.

The routine anesthesia induction strategy for cardiac surgery is to decrease stress response during endotracheal intubation by using large doses of opioids. However, high doses of opioids often leads to persistent and recurrent hypotension in patients from the anesthesia induction period to the beginning of the surgery. Patients scheduled to accept cardiac surgery often have severe concomitant disease. Hemodynamic fluctuation might lead to disastrous events. Anesthesia induction for such patients should not only provide adequate depth of anesthesia to decrease the stress response of endotracheal intubation, but also make hemodynamics stable after tracheal intubation.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patients scheduled to accept elective /major cardiac surgery;
2. Patients older than 18 years and younger than 85 years;
3. Patients of The American Society of Anesthesiologists ( ASA )Ⅱ - Ⅳ level grade;
4. Patients signed the informed consent form for the clinical study;

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients cannot cooperate to topical anesthesia;
2. Patients with a left cardiac assist device prior to surgery;
3. Patients with aortic dissection;
4. Patients with Intra Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP) prior to surgery;
5. Patients treated with Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) prior to surgery;
6. Patients with difficult airway;
7. Patients with high sensitivity and hypersensitivity to lidocaine and tetracaine;
8. Patients with atrioventricular block;
9. Hemoglobin(Hb)\<80g/L；
10. Patients who have participated in other clinical studies during the last 3 months;
A Pilot Study of Neurocysticercosis Treatment

The purpose of this study is to determine if treatment with albendazole improves the clinical outcome of neurocysticercosis infection and/or leads to the disappearance of cysts sooner when compared with symptomatic treatment.

Neurocysticercosis-a disease in which a young tapeworm infects the brain-is common in much of the developing world. It affects approximately 1 out of every 10 people in the United States and is said to be the primary cause of adult-onset epilepsy. The infection creates cysts in the brain, causing seizures and headaches among other symptoms. To date no successful preventive treatment for neurocysticercosis exists.

At present, medicines that kill the adult tapeworm in the stomach and intestines are also used to treat neurocysticercosis caused by the young tapeworm. However, in cases of neurocysticercosis, the methods of administration, doses, and duration of treatment with these medicines still have not been determined. Although these medicines may kill the worm in the brain more rapidly than the natural mechanisms of the body, the long-term benefit of using the medicines to eliminate the worms after the first 1 or 2 months is not clear. In addition, the drugs that kill the worm may be associated with in increased seizures and headache during treatment, and may cause inflammation of the meninges-the covering of the brain-leading to symptoms that may require surgery.

The goal of this trial is to determine if treatment with the antiparasitic agent albendazole improves the outcome of neurocysticercosis infection. This trial will also determine if albendazole leads to the disappearance of cysts sooner when compared with symptomatic treatment.

Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either the study medication, albendazol, or a placebo, an inactive substance, for an 8-day inpatient or outpatient therapy period. Additionally, all participants will receive prednisolone, a corticosteroid, as well as other medications. Participants will remain under the care of a doctor for 2 years and will have regularly scheduled visits and testing.

Information learned in this study may lead to improved treatment of neurocysticercosis.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients presenting with new onset of symptoms associated with neurocysticercosis within two months of identification and have active and/or transitional neurocysticercosis cysts on computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with only calcifications
* Patients who are pregnant
* Patients with one of the following conditions: papilledema, active tuberculosis, syphilis, ocular cysticercosis, active gastric ulcers, or a progressive and life-threatening disorder
* Patients who received anthelmintic drugs (AHD) during the year preceding presentation or who received steroids within 30 days of presentation