Efficacy & Safety of Prophylaxis With Bemiparin in Cancer Patients With a Central Venous Catheter (BECAT)

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the subcutaneous administration for 45 days of Bemiparin (3,500 UI/day) in cancer patients with a CVC, to prevent CVC-related deep venous thrombosis (CVC-DVT)

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication in patients with cancer principally in association with central vein catheters (CVC). The clinical benefit of antithrombotic prophylaxis for CVC-related VTE in cancer patients remains unclear.The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the administration of Bemiparin in cancer patients with a central venous catheter (CVC). This study is designed as a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. On the day of CVC insertion, eligible patients are randomly assigned to receive subcutaneously either bemiparin (3,500 UI/day) or placebo by using preloaded syringes for 45 days.

The primary efficacy endpoint will be the combined incidence during the double blind treatment period of Clinical or symptomatic CVC-DVT verified objectively (Doppler ultrasonography or phlebography)and subclinical or asymptomatic CVC-DVT confirmed by elective bilateral Doppler ultrasonography performed 45±5 days after randomization.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients over 18 years old of either sex who have given their informed consent to participate in the study.
* Patients with a neoplastic process, with a CVC for the administration of anti-tumoral treatment or any other treatment related to the neoplastic process.
* Patients with a platelet count above 30,000/mm3.
* Patients with no hemorrhagic symptomatology at the time of their inclusion

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with a history of clinically evident hemorrhagic episodes and/or with increased bleeding due to any other homeostatic alteration that contraindicates anticoagulant treatment and/or in the past two months have presented at least one of the following: active hemorrhaging or organic lesions susceptible to bleeding (e.g. active peptic ulcer, hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accident, aneurysms).
* Major surgery in the past two months.
* Known hypersensitivity to LMWH, heparin or substances of porcine origin.
* Patients with congenital or acquired bleeding diathesis.
* Damage to or surgical interventions of the central nervous system, eyes and ears within the past 6 months.
* Acute bacterial endocarditis or slow endocarditis.
* Patients with a history of heparin-associated thrombocytopenia.
* Patients with severe renal failure (serum creatinine over 2 mg/dl) or hepatic insufficiency (with values of AST and/or ALT \> 5 times the normal value established by the reference range of the local hospital laboratory).
* Severe arterial hypertension (systolic blood pressure over 200 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure over 120 mmHg).
* Patients with suspected inability/or inability to comply with treatment and/or complete the study.
* Patients who are participating in another clinical trial or have done so in the past 30 days.
* Patients with a life expectancy less than 3 months.
* Women who are pregnant or breast-feeding, or with the possibility of becoming pregnant during the study.
* Patients on treatment with anticoagulants or who have been on treatment during the week previous to insert the CVC (including prophylaxis with heparin for hepatic veno-occlusive disease).
* Patients diagnosed with acute leukemia or awaiting a transplant from hematopoietic progenitors during the 90 days of the study.