cyrilzakka/clinical-trials huggingface dataset:
The Effect of GLP-1 on the Inhibition of Glucagon Secretion

Diabetes(both types) are recognized by high levels of glucagon in the circulation.

Glucagon is known to increase blood glucose, and might therefore contribute to the respective diseases. Under some circumstances the gut hormone GLP-1 inhibits the glucagon secretion.

The investigators aim to identify the impact of GLP-1 on the glucagon secretion, at increasing blood glucose levels in healthy subjects, in patients with type 2 diabetes, and in patients with type 1 diabetes.

The investigators think that the effect of GLP-1 on the glucagon secretion might be dependent of blood glucose levels.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

Patients with T2DM

* Above the age of 35 years, treatment with diet or oral anti-diabetic medication. Diagnosed with T2DM in at leat three months in advance(WHO criterion)
* Normal hemoglobin
* Informed content Patients with T1DM
* T1DM (WHO criterion)
* Plasma-C-peptid negative due to arginin-test
* Normal hemoglobin
* age\> 18 years
* Informed content Healthy subjects
* Normal fasting plasma glucose and normal glucose tolerance (WHO criterion)
* Normal hemoglobin
* Age \>18 years
* Informed content

Exclusion Criteria:

Patients with T2DM

* Treatment with glitazones and/or gliptins
* Inflammatory bowels disease
* previous bowel resection with or without stomy
* Nephropathy (serum creatinin \>150 µM and/or albuminuria)
* Liver disease (serum alanine-aminotransferase (ALAT) and/or serum aspartate-aminotransferase (ASAT) \>2×normal values)
* Medical treatment impossible to break for 12h.
* Age \>80 years Patients with T1DM
* Overweight (BMI \>30 kg/m2)
* Inflammatory bowels disease
* previous bowel resection with or without stomy
* Nephropathy (serum creatinin \>150 µM and/or albuminuria)
* Liver disease (serum alanine-aminotransferase (ALAT) and/or serum aspartate-aminotransferase (ASAT) \>2×normal values)
* Medical treatment impossible to break for 12h (except treatment with insulin).
* Age \>80 years

Healthy subjects

* Diabetes
* Prediabetes (impaired glucose tolerance and/or impaired fasting plasma glucose)
* First order relatives with diabetes
* Overweight (BMI \>30 kg/m2)
* Inflammatory bowels disease
* previous bowel resection with or without stomy
* Nephropathy (serum creatinin \>150 µM and/or albuminuria)
* Liver disease (serum alanine-aminotransferase (ALAT) and/or serum aspartate-aminotransferase (ASAT) \>2×normal values)
* Medical treatment impossible to break for 12h.
* Age \>80 years
Assessing the Impact of Isha Kriya Meditation on Anxiety and Depression - a Pilot Study

This study aims to assess the impact of Isha Kriya, a freely available guided meditation, on mental health - specifically anxiety and depression.

In 2019, over 15% of the population experienced symptoms of anxiety. This was highest amongst 18-29-year-olds. Amongst these adults, 9.5% experienced mild, 3.4% experienced moderate, and 2.7% experienced severe symptoms of anxiety. About 1 in 6 adults is expected to suffer from depression at some point in their lives. Due to the pandemic, rates of anxiety and depression increased significantly. In December 2020, 42% of people surveyed by the US Census Bureau had symptoms associated with anxiety or depression. This is compared to 11% of adults having similar symptoms from Jan-June 2019. The rapidly diminishing mental health in the general population, especially since the COVID-19 pandemic, has raised the concern for an emerging new pandemic: the mental health pandemic. Mental health leaders and organizations are urging the federal and state authorities to make mental health a top priority and allocate resources to areas including early identification and prevention, establishing integrated health and mental health care to ensure "whole-person" well-being, assuring evidence-based standards of prevention, treatment and care.

Meditation has been shown to be effective in reducing symptoms associated with anxiety and depression. A recent study using a meditation called Isha Kriya showed improved perceived stress amongst operating room professionals in one sitting. Isha Kriya is a simple meditation practice (15minutes) that can be done by anyone over 12 years of age. It is offered free globally via in-person sessions, online webinars, and online videos. A meditation which is available electronically and freely could be an attractive option to include in prevention and treatment strategies for anxiety and depression. Furthermore, such intervention is easily scalable and accessible to everyone with access to the internet and if found effective, can be a valuable resource for addressing disparities in access to mental health resources in minority and underserved populations. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of this meditation on reducing symptoms associated with anxiety and depression over 6 weeks.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Age 18-70 years
* Interest in Isha Kriya

Exclusion Criteria:

* Low English proficiency
* Not currently residing in United States
Efficacy of Respiratory Rehabilitation After COVID-19 Severe Infection

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of a training program in patients that have suffered a COVID infection

Once patients have been selected and meet inclusion criteria, they will sign informed consent. They will make a first visit to obtain the basal parameters. Once done, they will start the individualized training program for 12 weeks 3 times a week.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Men and women ≥18 years
* Patients discharged from the Pulmonology Service with a diagnosis of COVID-19 by positive PCR and with severe pneumonia.
* At least three months after the presence of at least one of the following criteria:

  1. MRC dyspnea greater than or equal to 2.
  2. Decrease in the meters walked with respect to the reference values in the 6-minute walking test.

     C) Decreased respiratory muscle strength measured at Maximum Inspiratory Pressure (PIM) and / or Maximum Expiratory Pressure (PEM) with respect to reference values.
* Sign informed consent from the study

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients who do not want to be included in the study.
* Pregnant women.
* Impossibility to perform ergometry or ultrasound.
Ileal Conduit Versus Cutaneous Ureterostomy After Radical Cystectomy

Bladder cancer is the most common malignancy of the urinary tract and accounts for about 3.2% of all cancer worldwide where it remains the seventh most commonly diagnosed malignancy in the male population. Causative risk factors can be broadly divided into inherited and acquired due to environmental exposure ,Tobacco smoking is the most important environmental risk factor for bladder cancer(1).

Histologically, over 90% of bladder tumors are transitional cell carcinomas. The other subtypes, such as squamous cell and adenocarcinoma, are uncommon and account for 5 and \<2%, respectively(2).

Radical cystectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection with appropriate urinary diversion remains the mainstay of surgical treatment for muscle invasive bladder cancer and for high risk non muscle invasive disease. Select group of patients or those unfit or unwilling for surgery are managed by trimodal therapy utilizing transurethral resection and chemoradiotherapy.(3) The ideal urinary diversion should successfully preserve renal function while managing urinary outflow and minimizing morbidity to the patient(4).Several types of urinary diversion are present, continent and incontinent. Our study will focus on ileal conduit and cutaneous ureterostomy.

Although ileal conduit considered the standard method for incontinent urinary diversion, it is associated with early bowel related complications, i.e., bowel obstruction, prolonged ileus, and anastomotic leak which are mainly associated with bowel resection and anastomosis and late complications comprise ureteroenteric stricture, urinary fistula and stomal site complications in 25-60% of patients, including stomal stenosis, retraction, prolapsed, and parastomal herniation. Cutaneous ureterostomy may represent a method of choice for elderly and otherwise morbid patients due to its relative short duration and less bowel and metabolic complications but it has a high rate of stomal stenosis making perminant stenting is mandatory(5).

Cutaneous ureterostomy with separate stomas offers easy exchange of stents not need tertiary center with fluoroscopy or endescopy guidance compared to cutaneous ureterostomy with single stoma and this is preferable in our community.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* patients with bladder cancer eligible for surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients who refuse to contribute in this study.
* patients who are unfit for surgery.
* patients refusing cystectomy.
* patients with metastatic or inoperable cancer bladder
Psychological Therapy for Gaming Disorder

Gaming is a common leisure activity, both for children and adult, and while it is generally a positive experience for most, it can lead to problems for some individuals. There is currently a lack of knowledge of when video gaming becomes a problem and why, and there is a lack of evidence-based interventions for treating Gaming disorder. This pilot study aims to evaluate a new treatment manual for Gaming Disorder, which consists of modules based on cognitive behavioral therapy and family therapy. The therapy can be provided as individual therapy to the patient, to relatives, or as family therapy involving both the patient and their relatives. This study is an effectiveness trials and will follow all-patients at the clinic who will be offered the treatment.

The hypothesis is that the manual-based psychotherapy for Gaming Disorder will result in a reduction of Gaming Disorder symptoms and psychological distress, as well as an improvement in daily functioning.

This study is a part of the clinical work at Gamingprojektet Maria Malmö, which is an outpatient clinic for patients with problematic gaming or Gaming Disorder. The clinic is focused on young people over 13 years of age and adults with problematic gaming or who meet the diagnosis of Gaming Disorder.

The study will aim to evaluate a new treatment that has been developed and are offered at Gamingprojektet Maria Malmö for patients with a problematic gaming behavior or Gaming Disorder. Before starting the treatment, they will undergo a semi-structured interview about their gaming habits, motivation for playing, demographic information, gambling, social habits, family climate, physical health, and psychiatric comorbidity. This is combined with self-assessment questionnaires on mental health, social media habits, alcohol use, drug use, gambling, emotion regulation, and everyday functioning. They will be offered a psychological treatment that combines Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and Family therapy (FT). At each session, they will answer short questions about their well-being, how much they have played in the past week, and how much their well-being is related to their gaming. After completing the treatment, the patients will undergo the same semi-structured interview and questionnaires as pre-treatment. Three months after the treatment has ended, they will be called for a follow-up, where they will complete questioners about symptoms of Gaming disorder and psychological wellbeing. The study is conducted fully integrated into regular clinical practice, which allows for the feasibility and possibilities for implementation to be studied directly in connection with the study and in relation to treatment outcomes.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Can read and speak Swedish fluidly.
* ≥ 13 years of age
* Are treatment seeking for problematic gaming or Gaming disorder

Exclusion Criteria:

- Somatic or psychiatric disease that is contraindicating or severely complicates the implementation of the intervention (e.g., ongoing psychotic, manic or hypomanic episode or neuropsychiatric condition with severe disability)
Stimulant Use and Methylation in HIV

This study will leverage extracted leukocyte DNA specimens from a completed NIH-funded project to examine the efficacy of a behavioral intervention model that reduced stimulant use on DNA methylation over 6 months.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* At least 18 years old
* Documentation of HIV-positive serostatus
* Speak English
* Biological verification of recent methamphetamine use
* Completion of at least three contingency management (CM) visits
* Self reported anal sex with a man in the past 12 months

Exclusion Criteria:

* Inability to provide informed consent, evidenced by cognitive impairment
* HIV negative serostatus
Tracheal Anatomy After Thyroidectomy

The investigators aimed at investigating the effects of thyroidectomy on tracheal anatomy and airflow in patients with benign nodular goiter, employing a prospective observational study.

Magnetic resonance images of the neck and respiratory flow-volume curves were performed prior to and six months following surgery. Tracheal and thyroid volumes, smallest cross-sectional area of the trachea (SCAT), tracheal narrowing, tracheal deviation and tracheal encirclement by the thyroid were evaluated. Through flow-volume curves respiratory function, including both in- and expiration, was evaluated.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Reads and write Danish

Exclusion Criteria:

* Suspected or present malignancy
* Neuromuscular disease
* Prior surgery to the neck
Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Immunogenicity of a 20-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Pneumococcal Vaccine-naïve Adults

A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Blind Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Immunogenicity of a 20-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Pneumococcal Vaccine-Naïve Adults


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Male or female adults \>/= 18 years of age (from the 18th birthday) at enrollment and older.
2. Adults determined by clinical assessment, including medical history and clinical judgment, to be eligible for the study, including adults with preexisting stable disease, defined as disease not requiring significant change in therapy in the previous 6 weeks or hospitalization for worsening disease within 12 weeks before receipt of investigational product.
3. Negative urine pregnancy test at Visit1 for all subjects who are of childbearing potential.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Previous vaccination with any licensed or investigational pneumococcal vaccine, or planned receipt through study participation.
2. History of microbiologically proven invasive disease caused by S pneumoniae.
3. Serious chronic disorder including metastatic malignancy, severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) requiring supplemental oxygen, end-stage renal disease with or without dialysis, clinically unstable cardiac disease, or any other disorder that, in the investigator's opinion, excludes the subject from participating in the study.
4. Pregnant female subjects or breastfeeding female subjects.
Epidemiology of Abnormal Vaginal Discharge During Pregnancy

Vaginitis among women of childbearing age is well acknowledged as a public health concern due to its high occurrence. Vulvovaginitis is a disorder of the vulva and/or vagina caused by infection, inflammation, or changes in the flora.

There are many types of infections that affect the vagina, the most common three types of infection: bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, and candidiasis. Bacterial vaginosis is the most common vaginal infection in women of reproductive age causing thin and milky vaginal discharge with a fishy odor. Trichomoniasis causes a frothy, greenish-yellow discharge with a foul smell.

Vaginal Candidiasis is one of the most common fungal infections of the female genital tract and the second most common vaginal infection affecting women of reproductive age (after the bacterial infection worldwide. It affects more than 75% of women at least once in their lifetime, with approximately 50% of them also suffering a single recurrence.

About 75% of patients suffering from candidiasis are asymptomatic, but it may be symptomatic with clinical picture characterized by itching, vaginal pain, vulvar burning sensation, dyspareunia, dysuria and mildly unpleasant odor, erythema and vulvar edema, white-yellowish plaques on the walls of the vagina and cervix and cheesy vaginal discharge. The risk of vulvo-vaginal candidiasis increases by 30% during pregnancy also in pregnancy, the presence of vaginitis is related to abortion, intrauterine infection, fetal growth retardation, premature rupture of membranes, preterm birth, low birth weight, puerperal infection, and other adverse pregnancy outcomes.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* At any gestational age
* Age of patient: 19-40

Exclusion Criteria:

* Women in labor
* Women with current vaginal bleeding
* Women with current preterm rupture of membrane
* Women immunocompromised women
* Women patients who refused to participate in the study
Melatonin for Prevention of Kidney Injury

This study will evaluate the safety and effectiveness of melatonin for the prevention of antibiotic associated acute kidney injury in hospitalized patients.

Consenting subjects meeting inclusion and exclusion will be randomized to receive melatonin 5 mg daily or a matching placebo. Study subjects will be followed for the duration of hospitalization or discontinuation of broad spectrum antibiotics (vancomycin plus piperacillin/tazobactam). The primary outcome and secondary outcomes will be evaluated by the study team.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion criteria:

* Aged 18 to 75 years
* Currently prescribed vancomycin with the presumption that therapy will be continued for at least 3 days based on a review of subject status. Because of the critical nature of starting empiric broad-spectrum antibiotics, we will allow one dose of the antibiotic combination before consent and enrollment. This strategy is necessary for the ethical conduct of the study.

Exclusion criteria:

* Estimated creatinine clearance \< 30 mL/min
* Liver impairment (liver enzymes \> 3 times upper limit)
* Any history of allergy or contraindication to melatonin
* Pregnancy or breastfeeding
* Autoimmune disease
* Requiring vasopressors
* Requiring mechanical ventilation
* History of acute kidney injury in the past 30 days
* Inability to take oral medications
* Clinical evidence of significant unstable or uncontrolled illness which, in the opinion of the research team, could confound the results of the study or put the patient at undue risk.
New Techniques for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cognitive Impairment in Affective Disorder

The purpose of this study is to explore the pathological mechanism of cognitive impairment in patients with affective disorder based on brain gut axis research, preliminarily verify the clinical efficacy of new neural regulation technology on cognitive impairment, and establish an evaluation model to predict the efficacy of physical therapy for affective disorder.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age 16-65 years old, regardless of gender;
2. Meet DSM-V diagnostic criteria for depression or bipolar disorder;
3. Duration of stable period ≥ 3 months;
4. Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) ≤ 6 points;
5. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 17 - item (HDRS-17) score ≤ 7;
6. The score of cognitive defects questionnaire (PDQ) ≥ 17;
7. Han nationality, right-handed;
8. More than 9 years of education.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. History of severe somatic or brain organic diseases and craniocerebral trauma;
2. Abnormal brain structure or any MRI contraindications were found by magnetic resonance examination;
3. Those who do not cooperate or cannot effectively complete the experiment;
4. Drug, alcohol or other psychoactive substance abusers;
5. Pregnant, lactating or planned pregnancy.
Fatty Acid Taste Rating With or Without Sour Taste Adaptation

We are trying to figure out whether the fatty acid taste is differentiated from sour taste.

Participants will be asked to provide general demographic information such as gender, age and ethnicity. Their height and weight will be measured. Then, they will be trained with one of the sample solutions for intensity rating and adaptation to sour taste. There will be eight different sample solutions containing sucrose esters, xanthan gums to help fatty acids stay dissolved, and either acetic acid for sour compounds or, butyric acid, caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, oleic acid, or linoleic acid for fatty acid taste. 2 g of each palmitic acid and stearic acids in solid form (their melting points are above body temperature) will also be placed in participants' mouth. All of these compounds are common in the commercial food supply.

The study procedure entails two sets of taste intensity ratings without (Test A) or with (Test B) sour taste adaptation. For test A, participants will taste one of the eight solutions or one of solid fatty acids, and rate its intensity before and after expectorating it. They will not swallow any samples and they will rinse their tongues thoroughly with 1% ethanol solution and water after expectorating the solution. They will consume one piece of unsalted cracker and rinse their tongues thoroughly again. Before moving to the next step, they will be asked to describe the taste quality of the sample solution they just tasted. They will repeat this procedure with the rest of the sample solutions.

For test B, participants will follow the same procedure of taste intensity ratings but with sour taste adaptation. For sour taste adaptation, the participants will hold sour taste solutions in their mouth for 5 seconds and rate its taste intensity. They will repeat rating the sourness until they rate its intensity as less than weak. When they feel the sour taste solution weak, they will taste one of the eight solutions and repeat the intensity rating with one of the sample solutions. After the taste intensity rating, the participants will be asked to describe the taste quality of the sample solution they just tasted. They will repeat this procedure with the rest of the sample solutions.

The participants will do both test A and B twice in random order on two separate days. Taste testing is expected to take 1 hour each day. They will receive $20 at the end of the two test days as compensation for their participation.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

-

Exclusion Criteria:

* taste disorder no allergy to alcohol
A Pilot Clinical Study of the Efficacy and Safety of a Disposable Intravaginal Device for Stress Urinary Incontinence

This pilot study will evaluate the efficacy of the pessary (disposable intra-vaginal device) by reduction in urine leakage in women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI).


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* have a ≥ 3 month history of experiencing Stress Urinary Incontinence
* be willing to use the pessary investigational device to control stress incontinence

Exclusion Criteria:

* pregnant, lactating or planning to become pregnant during the study
* within 3 months post partum
* intrauterine device (IUD) placement of less than 6 months
* a history of Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) or symptoms consistent with TSS
* experience difficulty inserting or wearing an intra-vaginal device, including a tampon
* vaginal surgery, perineal surgery, uterine surgery, or abortion (spontaneous or induced) within the past 3 months
* has any Screening laboratory value outside the laboratory reference range considered clinically significant by the Investigator
* for any reason, the Investigator decides that the subject should not participate in the study