Hyperpolarized Carbon-13 (13C) Pyruvate Imaging in Patients With Glioblastoma

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether new metabolic imaging will be useful to physicians and patients with glioblastoma for making treatment decisions and seeing how well various types of treatment work. The goal is to improve the way patient care is managed in the future.

If you chose to be in this study, you will be receiving novel magnetic resonance (MR) metabolic imaging with standard MR imaging. The research component includes an injection of an investigational agent, called hyperpolarized 13C pyruvate, to obtain dynamic metabolic imaging.

The new metabolic imaging will use hyperpolarized 13C pyruvate, which allows for pictures of the brain that we won't be able to get with standard imaging. Hyperpolarized 13C pyruvate has not been approved for use by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and is available for research only. This investigational agent is a non-radioactive isotope of carbon.

There are three groups in this study. Assignment to a study group depends on the status of your disease and the type of treatment you will be receiving.

Subjects in Group 1 will have two MR examination time points. Each time point includes a hyperpolarized 13C pyruvate injection for research imaging as well as standard MR. The MR examinations will occur before receiving standard of care treatment with radiation and chemotherapy, and at the first post-radiation follow-up scan.

Subjects in Group 2 will have one MR examination time point with hyperpolarized 13C pyruvate injection for research and standard MR. This MR examination occurs before surgery.

Subjects in Group 3 will have three MR examination time points. Each time point includes a hyperpolarized 13C pyruvate injection for research imaging as well as standard MR. The MR examinations will occur prior to initiating therapy (baseline), at approximately 7-14 days after initiation of therapy, and 6-8 weeks after the initiation of therapy.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Cohort 1: Histologically proven newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) who will undergo standard of treatment with radiation therapy (RT) and temozolomide (TMZ).
* Cohort 2: Histologically proven recurrent suspected GBM who will receive surgical resection for the recurrence.
* Cohort 3: Histologically proven recurrent suspected GBM who will undergo standard treatment for the recurrence.
* Patients must be \>/= 18 years old and with a life expectancy \> 16 weeks.
* Patients must have a Karnofsky performance status of ≥ 70.
* Patients must have adequate renal function: creatinine \< 1.5 mg/dL before imaging. These tests must be performed within 60 days prior to Hyperpolarized Imaging scan.
* Patients must not have any significant medical illnesses that in the investigator's opinion cannot be adequately controlled with appropriate therapy, would compromise the patient's ability to tolerate the imaging examination or any disease that will obscure toxicity or dangerously alter response to the imaging agent.
* Patients must not have New York Heart Association (NYHA) Grade II or greater congestive heart failure
* Patients must not have a history of myocardial infarction or unstable angina within 12 months prior to study enrollment.
* This study was designed to include women and minorities, but was not designed to measure differences of intervention effects. Males and females will be recruited with no preference to gender. Minorities will actively be recruited to participate. No exclusion to this study will be based on race.
* Patients must sign an informed consent indicating that they are aware of the investigational nature of this study. Patients must sign an authorization for the release of their protected health information.
* Patients may not be known to be human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive. HIV testing is not required for study participation.
* Patients must not have a history of any other cancer (except non-melanoma skin cancer or carcinoma in-situ of the cervix), unless in complete remission and off of all therapy for that disease for a minimum of 3 years.
* Patients must not be pregnant or breast feeding. Women of childbearing potential are required to obtain a negative pregnancy test within 14 days of Hyperpolarized Imaging scan. Effective contraception (men and women) must be used in subjects of child-bearing potential.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Subjects must be excluded from participating in this study if they are not able to comply with study and/or follow-up procedures.