The Effect of Breathing Exercise and Affirmation Method Used in Labor on Women's Birth Self-Efficacy and Satisfaction

Purpose: This research was conducted to determine the effect of breathing exercise and affirmation method used in labor on women's birth self-efficacy and satisfaction.

Materials and Methods: The sample of the study, in which the randomized controlled experimental design type was applied, consisted of 128 nulliparous pregnant women. Data were collected with Pregnant Descriptive Information Form, Innate Period Evaluation Form, Visual Analog Scale, Affirmation Statement Evaluation Form, Short Form of the Childbirth of Self-Efficacy Inventory and Birth Satisfaction Scale. Pregnant women who are in the first stage of labor have been using diaphragmatic breathing exercise to one group, affirmation method to one group, both diaphragmatic exercise and affirmation method to one group since the active phase, while pregnant women in the control group have not been given any intervention, they have received routine care. Descriptive statistical methods, chi-square test, one-way analysis of variance, t-test for dependent and independent groups were used in the analysis of the data.

This study was conducted in four groups. Groups; The group in which the affirmation method was used in labor (Affirmation Group - OG), the group in which breathing exercises were used in labor (Breathing Group - NG), the group in which both breathing exercises and affirmation methods were used in labor (Breathing and Affirmation Group - NOG), and the group in which no intervention was made other than routine hospital practices. It is divided into a non-existent group (Control Group - CG). The numbers given to the groups (1, 2, 3, 4) were determined by the lottery method. The name of each group was written on the papers and numbered in order of drawing. The numbers 3 were assigned to the Breathing group, 1 to the Affirmation group, 2 to the Breathing and Affirmation group, and 4 to the Control group. Considering data loss in the distribution of the study into groups, numbers from 1 to 200 were randomized for 4 groups using a computer-assisted randomization program (https://www.rstudio.com). In order to ensure homogeneity in the randomization of the intervention groups and the control group, five matching criteria were taken into consideration. These match criteria; It was determined as the mother's age, education level (secondary school and below, high school and above), employment status (working/not working), gestational age, and prenatal education. Homogeneity of the groups was tested in the evaluation of the study.

Pregnant women to be included in the study were assigned to groups according to the numbers in the columns according to the eligibility criteria. In order to avoid being influenced by each other, pregnant women were included in the study one by one, and after the birth of one pregnant woman was completed, the other pregnant woman was included in the study.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

The one who is open to communication,

* between the ages of 18-45 Dec,
* At least a primary school graduate,

  \* Nulliparous,
* Non-risky pregnancy in terms of mother and baby (multiple pregnancy, preeclampsia, etc.),

  \* In the first stage of labor (0-3 cm dilatation), which is,
* Living at term and having a single pregnancy,
* No analgesic or anesthetic substance is applied during the trauma, \* Pregnant women who volunteer to participate in the research

Exclusion Criteria:

* Your mother wants to leave without working, \* Pregnant women who developed cesarean section indication after being included in the study