Comparison of Pain Relief After Hip Fracture Surgery: Hip and Groin Nerve Block

This observational prospective double-blind study aims to compare the analgesic effectiveness of the pericapsular nerve group block (PENG) group and the suprainguinal fascia iliaca compartment block(SFICB) group to be applied to relieve postoperative pain in participants over the age of 18 who will be treated under spinal anesthesia with intertrochanteric femur fracture. The main question it aims to answer is:

\* Demonstration of whether PENG block or SFICB is more effective for postoperative analgesia in patients who have undergone intertrochanteric femur fracture surgery, based on pain scores, opioid consumption and patient satisfaction.

ıntertrochanteric femur fractures cause severe pain with movement. Postoperatively, participants' movements are severely restricted, increasing the likelihood of complications.

In this study, participants' pain status, VAS score, opioid consumption through patient-controlled analgesia, and satisfaction will be measured with a survey at the end of the 24th hour.

Intertrochanteric femoral fracture accounts for approximately 45% to 50% of all hip fractures. Intertrochanteric femur fractures cause severe pain with movement. Postoperatively, the movements of the participants are severely restricted, which increases the risk of deep vein thrombosis in the lower extremities, pulmonary infection and mortality in the participants.

Peripheral nerve blocks have been shown to have less impact on hemodynamics, respiratory function, and consciousness than systemic pain relief options. It is recommended as a first-line analgesia program, especially for hip surgeries, with its features of shortening postoperative recovery time, reducing the risk of pneumonia, and not hindering postoperative movement. Fascia Iliaca compartment block used in this area is safe and widely used in postoperative hip fractures. However, to provide effective analgesia for hip surgery, it is necessary to simultaneously block the femoral nerve, lateral femoral cutaneous nerve, and obturator nerve. It has been reported that suprainguinal fascia iliaca compartment block does not provide adequate analgesia and does not reduce opioid consumption because the obturatory nerve cannot be blocked. Therefore, blocking the femoral nerve, obturatory nerve and accessory obturatory nerves with PENG block has led to the idea that postoperative pain scores and opioid consumption will decrease significantly. In this study, we aim to compare the effectiveness of suprainguinal fascia iliaca compartment block and PENG block for postoperative analgesia based on pain scores and opioid consumption in intertrochanteric femur fractures.

Pain is a symptom known to be subjective, and in order to minimize differences between participants, it will be questioned with the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), which is a standardized scale.

The total narcotic analgesic needs of the block-treated participants will be recorded with the PCA device inserted intravenously postoperatively, and their total Tramadol consumption will be recorded.

Mobilization start times and pain during the mobilization process will be questioned with the Turkish-American Pain Society Revised Patient Outcomes Survey.

The Turkish version of the revised American Pain Society patient outcomes survey for surgical patients will be used to evaluate participants' satisfaction with pain management. According to the confirmatory factor analysis fit indices of the Turkish-Revised American Pain Society Patient Outcomes Questionnaire, whose Cronbach's Alpha value was calculated as 0.88, its three-factor structure was found to be appropriate. The Turkish-Revised American Pain Society Patient Outcomes Questionnaire is a tool to improve the quality of pain management for adult patients. With this questionnaire (1) pain intensity and relief; (2) the impact of pain on activity, sleep, and negative emotions; (3) medication side effects; (4) usefulness of pain management information;(5) ability to participate in pain management decisions; and (6) the use of non-pharmacological techniques will be questioned.

Demographic characteristics of the participants, comorbidities, operation times and complications will be recorded and analyzed statistically.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Those with Interthorachanteric Femur Fracture
* Patients over 18 years of age
* ASA I-II-III
* Fully oriented and able to cooperate
* Patients who underwent PENG or Suprainguinal Fascia iliaca compartment block for postoperative analgesia after elective surgery.

Exclusion Criteria:

* ASA IV-V
* Patients under 18 years of age
* Presence of active infection in the area to be treated
* Chronic analgesic use
* Patients who cannot cooperate with postoperative pain follow-ups