Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Securement With Tissue Adhesive

This clinical trial will compare survival of peripheral intravenous (IV) catheters for patients with a standard IV site dressing alone to patients with standard IV dressing plus Adhezion Biomedical SecurePortIV Catheter Securement Adhesive. Emergency room patients who already have IVs may be considered for inclusion. Eligible patients will be approached and, if they are interested in participating, their informed consent will be obtained. Participation will continue for up to 7 days. During this time, the patient will experience:

* Assessment of their currently placed peripheral IV catheter, to assess if it is functioning
* Assignment to one of two study groups (standard IV dressing or standard IV dressing plus Adhezion Biomedical SecurePortIV Catheter Securement Adhesive). This is called randomization and group assignment is by chance, like the flip of a coin
* Daily assessment of the IV catheter and site for complications (such as infection or phlebitis), removal, and medications being administered.

Patients admitted from the Emergency Department (ED) to a progressive floor, or patients admitted from ED to any floor type with express approval from the Principal Investigator are eligible participants. Research staff will approach patients admitted to the progressive floors (or other floors when identified by PI) based on screening of the electronic medical record. These patients are approached by research staff when physically in the emergency department waiting for a room assignment. If the patient agrees to participate in the trial, the study subject will approached for consent by the research staff. Research staff will confirm functionality of the existing peripheral IV previously placed by ED staff. The assessment will include observing for blood return into the tubing upon aspiration and/or unobstructed flush with a minimum of 1-2 ml of normal saline. Staff will also observe the site for any signs of redness or tenderness. A tourniquet may be applied as needed. If the patient is actively receiving an infusion, the drip will briefly be halted to evaluate for functionality. Functionality will be assessed with the existing dressing in place. If the catheter is functional and free of any signs of complications, study subjects will be randomized by a computer generated 1:1 envelope system to either the control group: polyurethane dressing + clear tape or the experimental group: polyurethane dressing + clear tape + tissue adhesive. The tissue adhesive is not standard of care at Beaumont. For the control group, the polyurethane dressing will be gently removed. Dressing will be removed carefully to minimize any potential dislodgments or skin injury. The site will be evaluated for oozing or blood and as needed cleaned with sterile gauze. Once the site is completely dry, a new polyurethane dressing will be applied and reinforced with tape in a standard fashion. Once securement is complete, functionality will be reassessed per protocol above. For the experimental group, the existing securement will be gently removed. There are not special steps required for removing the dressing with the tissue adhesive. The IV catheter is secured and the dressing is removed gently. The site will be evaluated for oozing or blood and as needed cleaned with sterile gauze. Once the site is completely dry, the tissue adhesive will be applied. A new standard polyurethane dressing will be applied and tape will be applied per the standard approach. Once securement is complete, functionality will be reassessed. The time of the new dressing application will be noted as time zero. Catheter dwell time will begin at this point. Additional data variables collected at the initial assessment include: demographics such as age, sex, international normalized ratio (INR) \>1.5, platelets \< 50, insertion site details, hours from insertion to recruitment, inserter credentials.

Follow-up Assessment:

After initial assessment, the catheter will be assessed by the research team every 24 hours as long as the patient is hospitalized up to 7 days or 168 hours. At each follow up interval the researcher notes the date /time of evaluation and assesses for any signs and symptoms of complications and functionality of the device. A catheter is functional if the IV flushes without resistance. Complications include infiltration, phlebitis, dislodgement, oozing fluid/blood, purulent drainage, or occlusion. Catheters will be assessed daily for signs and symptoms of complications. Any signs or symptoms of complications or lack of functionality will be reported to the patient's primary care team so that management of the IV catheter can be addressed. If the catheter was identified to have any signs or symptoms of complications during follow-up assessment the date and time of observation of the complication will be documented in the data collection tool and the primary team will be notified of the complication. If the catheter was removed prior to the follow-up assessment then the IV removal time and the reason for removal will be obtained through chart review. For all catheters removed due to a complication, re-insertion attempt data will be tracked through the medical record in the nursing section for venous lines and need for reinsertion of the IV or escalation to a midline, peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC), or central venous catheter (CVC) will be noted. If the patient is discharged prior to the time of follow-up assessment then the time of discharge will be documented and the IV will be presumed functional until time of discharge unless otherwise noted in the chart.

The medication administration record will be queried for all medications given through each catheter with specific attention to antibiotics and anticoagulants. Vesicants/irritants that are generally given via central line or considered caustic to the vessel will be noted in both groups. Number of doses will be recorded. Additional data gathered by research staff on follow-up evaluation includes: dwell time in days/hours, hospital length of stay, and number of peripheral IVs for duration of stay.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Greater or equal to 18 years of age
2. Admission from the Emergency Department (ED) to a progressive floor, or Admission from ED to any floor type with express approval from the Principal Investigator
3. IV placement in the antecubital fossa, forearm, wrist or hand
4. IV placement in the ED
5. Enrollment within 8 hours of IV insertion
6. 18 or 20 gauge 1.16 inch IV catheter
7. Expected hospital admission \>48 hours

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with ultrasound-guided IV insertions
2. Alternate site of cannulation
3. Voluntary withdrawal
4. Patients with a non-standard polyurethane dressing
5. Known allergy to cyanoacrylate or formaldehyde