cyrilzakka/clinical-trials huggingface dataset:
Pre-op Bowel Prep Before Abdominal Surgery

Current management of elective bowel surgery typically involves performing a preoperative bowel preparation ("bowel prep") in many instances; however, this practice is not standardized at most institutions. Over the years, bowel preps have been used in an attempt to decrease the risk of complications associated with gastrointestinal surgery. However, there is limited adequate data to support this clinical management in the pediatric patient population. The investigator plans to perform a prospective, randomized study of our pediatric surgical patients who will undergo an elective bowel resection or ostomy closure to assess if a bowel prep prior to surgical intervention affects their postoperative course. The aim of this study is to evaluate for differences that may alter and improve future management.

At CMH, our current approach to preoperative management for elective intestinal surgery is not standardized amongst our Pediatric Surgical attendings. There are seven different attendings, each of whom individually dictates if a patient is to undergo a preoperative bowel prep, and if so, which bowel prep will be used. This is no different than the majority of practices across the US, including adult and pediatric patient populations. The aim of this study, therefore, is to standardize our current management and assess if the presence or absence of a preoperative bowel prep has an effect on post-operative outcomes. The goal is to evaluate the effect of the bowel preparation not the surgical procedure itself.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* All children, ages 3 months to 17 years, who will undergo an elective bowel resection or ostomy closure at CMH

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients whose operation was performed emergently, and hence a bowel prep was not possible preoperatively;
* If they necessitate a diverting proximal ostomy;
* If they have any known intra-abdominal infection preoperatively;
* If an intra-operative colonoscopy is necessary, and hence the patient must have a preoperative bowel prep.
* No patients with an underlying malignancy or immunodeficiency or with renal, metabolic or cardiac conditions will be included.
* No patients with known allergies to any medication used in the bowel preparation will be included.
Decreasing Body Dissatisfaction in Male College Athletes: A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Male Athlete Body Project

Body Dissatisfaction (BD) is associated with marked distress and often precipitates disordered eating symptomology (Milligan \& Pritchard, 2006). BD in male athletes is an important area to explore, as research in this field often focuses on eating disorders in female athletes (e.g., Becker et al., 2012; Varnes et al., 2013). The current body of literature regarding male college athletes suggests that they experience pressures associated with both societal muscular ideals and sport performance (Galli et al., 2015). While there is a clear association between drive for muscularity and BD in collegiate male athletes (Galli et al., 2015), no study to date has conducted research aimed to attenuate the effect of BD in this population. The current study seeks to investigate a BD intervention for male college athletes. Participants will be randomized to an adapted version of the standardized Female Athlete Body Project (i.e., the Male Athlete Body Project) or an assessment only control condition. All participants will complete baseline and post-treatment measures of BD, negative affect, internalization of an athletic ideal, drive for muscularity, sport confidence, eating pathology, and unhealthy weight-control behaviors. Study aims are to determine if the Male Athlete Body Project intervention group reduces BD and related factors post-treatment, and to investigate whether these differences are maintained at 1-month follow up. Results will inform mental health and sport clinicians, coaches, and other personnel involved in an athlete's care about successful strategies for decreasing BD.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Male
* member of a university-sponsored varsity athletic team
* over age 18
* some endorsement of body dissatisfaction (i.e., scores greater than zero). To maximize generalizability, there are no additional inclusion criteria, consistent with recommendations from previous athlete Body Project research

Exclusion Criteria:

* NONE
Role of Lung Ultrasound in Predicting Weaning Outcomes

We aimed to verify the potencial role of bedside lung ultrasound findings of critically ill patients candidates to liberation from mechanical ventilation in predicting weaning outcomes. The analysis will be taken in two times: immediately before and at the and spontaneous breathing trial.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Invasive mechanical ventilation \> 24 hours
* Eligibility to weaning from mechanical ventilation

Exclusion Criteria:

* Tracheostomy
Evaluating the Relationship Between Hard and Soft Tissue Advancement in Orthognathic Surgery

This study aims to evaluate the relationship between hard and soft tissue advancement during orthognathic surgery. The use of typical pre and post operative imaging consisting of con-beam computed tomography will be used, in conjunction with a 3D camera to evaluate hard and soft tissue points before and after surgery.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Patient's undergoing orthognathic surgery for correction of a dentofacial deformity

Exclusion Criteria:

* patients with previous orthognathic surgery patients with cranio-facial syndromes
Study of Artery Conditions of 'At-risk' Asian People Not on Lipid-lowering Drugs

The purpose of this study is to obtain the distribution of measurements of the intima media thickness of carotid arteries in people with high cardiovascular risk.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Provision of signed informed consent.
* Patients with at least two CVD risk factors but not on lipid-lowering agents

Exclusion Criteria:

* Subjects with CHD, any conditions that may affect hs-CRP levels.
* Subjects on any lipid-lowering drug treatment within the last 3 months prior study entry.
Laparoscopic vs Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block vs Laparoscopic Intraperitoneal Instillation of Local Anesthetic in Pediatrics

The aim of this study is to compare laparoscopic -assisted, ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block and laparoscopic intraperitoneal instillation of local anesthetic in pediatrics undergoing inguinal hernia repair.

Inguinal hernia is one of the most common pediatric surgeries. Effective and safe pain management causes fewer side effects and enables faster hospital discharge. It is also important in overcoming chronic pain in the late postoperative period.

Transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB) has emerged as a safe, simple, and inexpensive modality incorporated into many enhanced recovery pathways to achieve narcotic-sparing analgesia after bariatric surgery. TAPB was first performed through the lumbar triangle of Petit in 2001. Since that time, both ultrasound-guided (US) and laparoscopic (LAP) TAPBs have been developed to aid in proper identification of the correct plane and minimize peritoneal penetration.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Age: 2 months to 7 years old
* Both sexes.
* American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I-II.
* Schedule for elective unilateral inguinal hernia repair.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with history of allergy.
* Hepatic and renal failure.
* Previous inguinal surgery.
* Block contraindications (e.g., infection at the site of block, bleeding disorder, or abnormalities of the sacrum).
A Study About Patient Satisfaction With Laser-sintered Removable Partial Dentures

Removable partial dentures (RPDs) are traditionally fabricated by lost-wax casting technique, a time-consuming and very laborious manual technique. Recently, fabricating removable partial dentures using computer designing and laser sintering techniques have been introduced. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the patient satisfaction with new computer-generated removable partial dentures and compare it to the traditional removable partial dentures.

Patients seeking Removable partial dentures in the undergraduate clinic at McGill University were asked to participate in the study. Patients were treated by undergraduate students under the supervision of expert prosthodontists. Both the dentists treating the case and the patients were blinded to the type of RPD used. The Principal investigator was responsible for preparing the laboratory prescriptions and sending the final impressions to the dental lab in order to assure blinding of the patient and the treating dentists.

Patients were treated according to standardized clinical procedures. Both dentures were fabricated from one master cast to ensure standardization. The cast was scanned digitally to fabricate the laser-sintered dentures, and then was used to fabricate the cast dentures traditionally using lost-wax casting technique. For each patient, two dentures were fabricated from one final impression; one by casting technique and the other by laser-sintering. Patients were given randomly one denture first and followed-up for 1, 2 and 4 weeks. Then, they were given the second denture and followed-up again. At each follow-up visit, patients filled McGill Denture Satisfaction Instrument. At the end of the study patients were asked which denture they prefer to keep.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* partially edentulous
* have adequate space for regularly sized prosthetic teeth and metal frame(s)
* be able to maintain adequate oral hygiene and clean their dentures; do not have major systemic health problems that could interfere with general oral health
* have an adequate understanding of written and spoken English or French
* be capable of giving written informed consent and fill out questionnaires

Exclusion Criteria:

* there is a lack of minimum interocclusal space to accommodate a metal frame and acrylic material
* they have acute or chronic symptoms of parafunctional disorders
* they have inflammatory mucosal conditions such as lichen planus, progressive periodontitis or others
* they have a history of radiation therapy to the orofacial region
* there are health conditions that may jeopardize the treatment, such as alcoholism,
* they are taking any phenytoin (Dilantin), cortisone or insulin
* they have a severe/serious illness that requires frequent hospitalization
* they have impaired cognitive or motor function
* they are unable to return for evaluations/study recalls
Low-Risk Chest Pain Echo Study

Pilot study to assess if a bedside point-of-care echocardiogram performed on emergency department patients identified as low-risk chest pain prior to discharge significantly changes patient disposition or follow up instructions.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Adults presenting to the emergency department with an isolated chief complaint of chest pain with a HEART score of 3 or less
* Emergency physician of record has decided to discharge this patient from the Emergency Department

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients who are unable to consent for themselves
* History of cardiac transplant or LVAD
* Pediatric patients
* Patients presenting with multiple complaints in addition to chest pain
* Echocardiogram already performed on patient during usual care
* Patients with another non-cardiac admittable diagnosis
* HEART score greater than or equal to 4
Awareness of Osteoporosis in Patients With Hepatitis B Infection

Osteoporosis is a condition that describes compromised skeletal microarchitecture in general, with clinical signs of decreased bone mineral density. Patients with hepatitis b virus infection are at increased risk for developing osteoporosis. Identifying whether patients with hepatitis b virus infection have information and awareness about this disease is crucial. This study is aimed to investigate awareness and knowledge of osteoporosis in patients with hepatitis b virus infection.

Osteoporosis is a common disease of bone loss. The reduced bone strength predisposes an increased risk for fractures in older individuals. It can affect people from different ethnicity. Many factors increase the risk of osteoporosis, including age, postmenopausal state, glucocorticoid use, low body weight, calcium, vitamin D, immobility, and chronic inflammation. Patients with hepatitis b virus infection are at high risk of developing osteoporosis due to chronic inflammation and their medications. Patients' knowledge and awareness about osteoporosis are essential for early detection, implementation of lifestyle changes, and treatment compliance. This study aimed to investigate osteoporosis awareness and knowledge about osteoporosis in patients with hepatitis b virus infection.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Clinical diagnosis of hepatitis b virus infection
* Must be between the ages of 18 and 99
* Must give consent to participate in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

• Not giving consent
A Study to Determine the Immunogenicity and Safety Profile of CSL Limited's Influenza Virus Vaccine Compared to a US Licensed Comparator Influenza Virus Vaccine

The purpose of this study is to determine the immunogenicity and safety profile of CSL Limited's Influenza Virus Vaccine compared to a US Licensed Comparator Influenza Virus Vaccine.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Males aged ≥ 65 years or females of non-childbearing potential aged ≥ 65 years ;
2. Written informed consent ;
3. Willingness to provide a blood sample.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Known hypersensitivity to a previous dose of influenza vaccine or allergy to eggs, chicken protein, neomycin, polymyxin, or any components of the Study Vaccines;
2. Previous vaccination against influenza in 2008 or 2009 with seasonal trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine;
3. Known history of Guillain-Barré Syndrome;
4. Clinical signs of active infection and/or an oral temperature of greater than or equal to 100 degrees F (37.8 degrees C).
5. Have active or recent and clinically significant gastrointestinal/hepatic, renal, neurological, cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine disorders or other medical disorders;
6. History of seizures;
7. Confirmed or suspected immunosuppressive condition, or a previously diagnosed immunodeficiency disorder;
8. Clinically significant history of malignancy
9. Current treatment, or treatment with radiotherapy or cytotoxic drugs at any time during the six months prior to administration of the Study Vaccine;
10. Current immunosuppressive or immunomodulative therapy;
11. Administration of immunoglobulins and/or any blood products within the 3 months preceding the administration of the Study Vaccine;
12. Participation in a clinical trial or use of an investigational compound within 30 days prior to receiving the Study Vaccine ;
13. Vaccination with a registered vaccine within 14 days (for inactivated vaccines) or 28 days (for live vaccines) prior to receiving the Study Vaccine.
14. Current treatment with warfarin or other anticoagulants;
15. Major congenital defects;
16. Evidence, or history (within the previous 12 months) of drug or alcohol abuse;
17. Unwillingness or inability to comply with the study protocol including completion of adverse event diary cards;
18. History of psychiatric disorders;
19. Resident of long term care facility.
Endoscopic Therapy of Malignant Bile Duct Strictures

Patients with malignant bile duct stenosis have poor prognosis and most of the patients are not good candidate for surgery at the time of diagnosis. Placement of the stent is the palliative care for these patients. However over 50% of the stents get blocked within 6-8 months. Use of the radiofrequency ablation before the stent placement may improve stent patency. Heat will be applied to the bile duct in order to open the blockage and prevent the re-growth of tissue into the stent. The investigators are looking to see how safe and feasible RFA (Radiofrequency ablation) catheter is in patient with malignant bile duct stenosis.

As part of medical care subjects will be undergoing an endoscopic procedure (ERCP) in order to evaluate and stent a bile duct blockage. During the ECRP and just prior to the stent placement subjects will undergo the placement of a radiofrequency ablation catheter into the bile duct blockage. Heat will be applied to the bile duct in order to open the blockage and prevent the re-growth of tissue into the stent; after the radiofrequency ablation, stent will be placed. Three days after the procedure subjects will receive a phone call from the research coordinator to check any adverse or unwanted effects of the treatment. The study procedure (radiofrequency ablation) takes place over 10 minutes during ERCP. The subjects will undergo routine follow up for their medical problems. No follow up visits are required as part of the study.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Documented malignant biliary obstruction requiring ERCP guided stenting

Exclusion Criteria:

* Coagulopathy (INR \> 2.0 or PTT \> 100 sec or platelet count \< 50,000)
* Evidence of high-grade symptomatic duodenal obstruction
* Poor performance status
* Active suppurative cholangitis
* Complex stenoses will not be eligible for the trial
* Patients without access to duodenum or ampulla are not candidates for ERCP and stenting
* Candidates for a Whipple resection
* Patients who do not speak English
Validation of a Dermatology-Specific Treatment Satisfaction Instrument

The primary objective of this study is to validate a dermatology-specific questionnaire that assesses patient satisfaction with their treatments across various inflammatory dermatology diseases.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Adult (≥ 18 years)
* Psoriasis patients undergoing some form of treatment
Safety and Efficacy of TACLONEX Ointment in Adolescent Patients (Aged 12 to 17 Years) With Psoriasis Vulgaris

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of 4 weeks of TACLONEX ointment in adolescent patients with psoriasis vulgaris.

TACLONEX ointment has marketing approval in many countries for the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris in adults. No studies have been conducted in patients less than 18 years of age. However, about 25% of affected individuals are diagnosed between 10 and 19 years of age, hence psoriasis is also prevalent in the adolescent age group (12-17 years).

All patients will receive TACLONEX. To evaluate the safety of TACLONEX ointment, all adverse events will be recorded. In addition, any systemic absorption of the active components, betamethasone dipropionate and calcipotriene, will be evaluated by assessing adrenal function (using CORTROSYN™ test) and calcium metabolism (by measuring serum calcium and the urinary calcium:creatinine ratio), respectively.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Aged 12 to 17 years, inclusive.
* Psoriasis vulgaris on the trunk and/or limbs which is:
* amenable to topical treatment
* of an extent of 5-30% of BSA
* of at least a moderate severity
* A serum cortisol concentration above 5 mcg/dL before ACTH-challenge and above 18 mcg/dL at 30 minutes after ACTH-challenge.
* Albumin-corrected serum calcium and urinary calcium:creatinine ratio within the reference range.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Serious allergy, serious asthma, or serious allergic skin rash.
* A history of sensitivity to any medication.
* PUVA or Grenz ray therapy, UVB therapy, systemic treatment with biological therapies, corticosteroids, or other therapies with an effect on psoriasis, topical treatment with corticosteroids or vitamin D analogues, treatment with enzymatic inductors, cytochrome P450 inhibitors, hypoglycemic sulfonamides, antidepressive medications, estrogen therapy, calcium supplements or vitamin D supplements.
* Guttate, erythrodermic, exfoliative or pustular psoriasis.
* Viral lesions of the skin, fungal or bacterial skin infections, ulcers or wounds.
* Severe renal insufficiency, severe hepatic disorders, disorders of calcium metabolism associated with hypercalcemia, any cardiac condition or endocrine disorder.
* Diabetes mellitus
* Cushing's disease or Addison's disease.
Panel Study Investigating Status of Cognitively Impaired Elderly in Singapore

Dementia affects 10% of the elderly population in Singapore. However, there is a lack of systematic information regarding end of life (EOL) care received by patients dying with severe dementia (PDSD), PDSD's EOL direct and indirect costs and caregiver burden. This study, a first of-its-kind prospective cohort study in Singapore will assess the EOL care received by PDSD and PDSD's caregivers, EOL medical and social care costs of severe dementia and caregiver burden; and will develop a risk score to predict 6-month mortality for PDSD. The investigators will accomplish this by surveying caregivers of PDSD every 4 months till the patient passes away and 6 weeks and 6 months after patient's death during caregiver bereavement. The investigators will also extract and match patient medical and billing data with survey data for comprehensive assessment of care costs.

Key outcomes achieved by this study will be improved understanding of PDSD's EOL care, EOL care costs, and caregiver burden and bereavement. The systematic data collected will also lead to predicting 6 month mortality for community dwelling PDSD with greater accuracy compared to existing tools. Positive implications from this study will be improved early decision making by caregivers regarding EOL care and physician referrals for palliative care services; and a better understanding of EOL care for PDSD and PDSD's caregivers that will lead to cross-sector collaborations to improve delivery of palliative care to PDSD. In this way this proposal is highly responsive to the grant call which focuses on early decision making and cross sector palliative care delivery among non-cancer patients. In the long term, this study will improve clinical and public health policy and has the potential to be the foundation for future initiatives for dementia care and improved social and medical infrastructure planning.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria for primary informal caregivers are:

1. Age ≥ 21 years old
2. Singaporean/Singapore Permanent Resident
3. Intact cognition determined through the Abbreviated Mental Test (AMT) for those who are ≥ 65 years old
4. Patients who score 20 or more on QDRS answered by caregivers will be considered to have severe dementia
5. Main person or one of the main persons providing care to patient (e.g. accompanying patient for doctor's visits, helping patient with day to day activities)
6. Main person or one of the main persons ensuring the provision of care to patient (e.g. supervision of foreign domestic worker so that patient is looked after)
7. Main person or one of the main persons involved in making decisions regarding treatment patient receives

Exclusion Criteria for primary informal caregivers are:

1. Caregivers ≥ 65 years old with cognitive impairment or serious mental illness determined through AMT
2. Foreign domestic workers/maids

Inclusion Criteria for physicians are:

(a) Caregivers of patients they are treating are enrolled in the study