Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Tirofiban Using a Single High-Dose Bolus In Subjects With Varying Degrees of Renal Function

The purpose of this study is to evaluate tirofiban concentration in the blood over a period of 24 hours after tirofiban administration. Subjects with varying degrees of renal insufficiency (i.e. kidney function) will be included in the study. Tirofiban is known to be cleared from the blood by the kidneys and so people with kidney problems clear tirofiban to a slower extent compared to people without kidney problems. By comparing the tirofiban concentration profile between subjects with healthy kidney function versus with impaired kidney function, a tirofiban dosing recommendation for subjects with impaired kidney function can be made.

This is a non-randomized, single-center, open-label study. A single dose of tirofiban (25 µg/kg administered intravenously over a 3 min period) will be administered to subjects with normal renal function (\>90 mL/min CrCl), moderate (30-59 mL/min CrCl), and severe (\<30 mL/min CrCl) renal impairment with non-dialysis-dependent renal insufficiency

Tirofiban is cleared from the plasma largely by renal excretion. As a consequence, a dosage adjustment of 50% of the tirofiban label dosing regimen (0.4 μg/kg/min for a period of 30 minutes, followed by an infusion of 0.10 μg/kg/min) is recommended in patients with severe renal impairment (\<30 mL/min CrCl), including those who require hemodialysis. The dosage adjustment for the tirofiban high-dose bolus regimen (25 μg/kg bolus followed by a 0.15 μg/kg/min maintenance) for patients with varying degrees of renal insufficiency is however unknown. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent of dosage adjustment for the high-dose bolus regimen for patients with moderate (30-59 mL/min CrCl), and severe (\<30 mL/min CrCl) renal insufficiency.

This non-randomized, single-center, open-label study evaluating the pharmacokinetic (PK), pharmacodynamic (PD), and safety profile of a single high-dose IV bolus injection of tirofiban (25 µg/kg). A single dose of tirofiban will be administered to the subjects with normal renal function (\>90 mL/min CrCl), moderate (30-59 mL/min CrCl), and severe (\<30 mL/min CrCl) renal impairment with non-dialysis-dependent renal insufficiency (NDDRI).

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Male or female 18-85 years of age. The mean age for the subjects with normal renal function (CrCl \>90 mL/min) should match the mean age for the subjects with moderate or severe renal impairment (CrCl 30-59 mL/min, or CrCl \<30 mL/min).
2. BMI ≥18.5 and ≤32.0.
3. Subjects who are able and willing to provide informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Taking a medication from a Prohibited Medication List.
2. Active pericarditis.
3. Presumed or documented history of vasculitis.
4. Uncontrolled hypertension (blood pressure \>180/110 mm Hg).
5. Dependency on renal dialysis.
6. Active internal bleeding or bleeding diathesis, surgery, trauma or gastrointestinal/genitourinary tract bleeding within 6 weeks prior to dosing.
7. Prior intracranial hemorrhage, hemorrhagic stroke, cerebrovascular accident (CVA) within 2 years or CVA with significant residual neurological deficit, intracranial neoplasm, arteriovenous malformation, intracranial aneurysm, or intracranial structural abnormality.
8. Thrombocytopenia (platelet count \<100 x 10³ µL) or history of thrombocytopenia following heparin, tirofiban, or eptifibatide administration.
9. Taking Over-the-Counter (OTC) vitamins and/or herbal supplements including garlic oil supplements, fish oil supplements, ginger supplements or onion extract pills within 14 days before dosing.
10. Participation in another clinical trial 30 days prior to participation in the current study.
11. Any other condition that in the opinion of the Investigator may compromise the safety or compliance of the subject or would preclude subject successfully completing the trial.
12. Female subjects who have a positive pregnancy test at Screening or Admission (Day 1), or who are breastfeeding.
13. Inability to comply with the protocol for the duration of the study.