Life Story Book for Older Adults and live-in Migrant Caregivers

The relationship between older adults and live-in migrant caregivers is always challenged by weak emotional connectedness, ineffective communication, power struggling and unmet needs of both, that may lead to poor care quality and negatively influence their well-being. The aim of this study is to explore the feasibility to train live-in migrant caregivers to adopt Life Story Work for promoting the dyadic relationship with the older adults, through communication and negotiation, mutual understanding and expression of needs. This is a two-arm randomized controlled trial. The caregivers of the intervention group will receive training on life story work. Then they will be asked to create a life storybook of the older adult at home individually, with the support from the team. The caregivers in the control group will receive training on communication skills only, and will be asked to conduct social activities at home. Outcomes such as quality of relationship; well-being, depressive symptoms and level of loneliness of the older adults; and job satisfaction of the caregivers will be assessed at baseline, post-intervention and 3 months follow up. Focus group interviews will be conducted with the caregivers of the intervention group for soliciting their comments regarding to the intervention.

There are approximately 21.5 million live-in migrant workers, and around 41% of them are employed in Asia. Among the 352 thousand live-in migrant workers in Hong Kong, at least 21% of them are caregivers of older adults. The 2016 Policy Address suggested a pilot scheme for training live-in migrant caregivers to take care of the older people in Hong Kong to meet the trend of Ageing in Place, and cope with the dreadful shortage of formal long-term care services. As such, Social Welfare Department of Hong Kong is now implementing an 18-month pilot scheme to train live-in migrant workers to care for older adults in order to improve the well-being of the older adults. However, there is no effective evidence-based intervention available for such caregiving arrangement, not only locally but also internationally. The common training for live-in migrant workers is about instrumental training, such as feeding and bathing. According to the Relationship-Centred Care Model, relationship is the core for good quality of care. Life story work have been tested effective in various settings for promoting the psychological well-being of older adults with/out dementia, as well as proven useful in promoting mutual understanding and communication between caregivers and care-recipients.

The project is of value in that:

* It is a pioneer study, which aims to promote relationship between live-in migrant caregivers and older adults to support good quality of care.
* The life story work is a skill that is easily learnt and adopted for promoting and sustaining good relationship that may impact on the well-being of caregivers and care-recipients.
* Reduce the needs of formal long-term care services by retaining the older adults to be cared at home.
* The life story work has a potential to be adopted by all types of caregivers (including formal and informal caregivers; live-in and live-out) for promoting the caregiver-care recipient dyadic relationship through communication and negotiation between the dyads, mutual understanding and expression of needs.

Objectives:

1. Explore the feasibility to train live-in migrant caregivers to adopt life story work;
2. Explore the feasibility of trained live-in migrant caregivers to produce a life story book with the older adult at home; and
3. Provide preliminary evidence of efficacy of the life story work on improving dyadic relationship, psychosocial outcomes of the older adults, and satisfaction of caregivers.

Eligibility Criteria:
Older adults:

Inclusion Criteria:

* aged 60 or above
* community dwelling
* being cared by participating migrant caregivers

Exclusion Criteria:

* unwilling to create life story book with the migrant caregivers
* not verbally communicable
* diagnosed with serious psychiatric illnesses or terminal illnesses

Migrant caregivers:

Inclusion Criteria:

* have been working for the older adutls for more than 6 months
* at least completed primary education
* be communicable in either English or Cantonese.