Study of Zevalin Versus Observation in Participants at Least 60 Years Old With Newly Diagnosed Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma in Positron Emission Tomography (PET)-Negative Complete Remission After Rituximab-Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisone (R-CHOP) or R-CHOP-like Therapy

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Zevalin compared with observation alone in participants who are in PET-negative complete remission after first-line R-CHOP or R-CHOP like therapy.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Participant was 60-years of age or older at time of randomization
2. Histologically confirmed Ann Arbor stage II, III, or IV diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL); or follicular lymphoma (FCL) Grade 3B according to the Revised European American lymphoma (REAL)/ World health organization (WHO) classification (from initial diagnosis made prior to starting R-CHOP therapy. Results from a pre R-CHOP marrow shall be available for review.
3. Local pathology review confirming the DLBCL diagnosis and cluster of differentiation 20 (CD20) positivity, and no evidence of DLBCL in bone marrow upon confirmation of complete remission (CR).
4. A paraffin block or original slides available for confirmatory pathology review. Participants may be randomized based on the local pathology result.
5. Age-adjusted international prognostic index (IPI) of 1, 2, or 3. The age-adjusted IPI was defined by one point for Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) \> upper limit of normal (ULN); Stage III or IV; and Karnofsky performance status \<80% or WHO/ eastern cooperative operations group (ECOG) performance status \>1.
6. First-line treatment of DLBCL must have been 6 cycles of standard R-CHOP21, R-CHOP14 or dose-adjusted etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and rituximab (DA-EPOCH-R) chemotherapy. Participants who received pre-phase therapy for the purpose of improving performance status prior to initiating R-CHOP are eligible.
7. Complete remission (CR) according to the International Workshop Response Criteria for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) described by Cheson et al after first-line treatment. Computerized tomography (CT) scans of chest, abdomen, pelvis, and neck (if applicable) must have been performed within 6 weeks after the last dose of the last course of chemotherapy. Applicability of the neck CT means that the participant had involvement of the neck region by palpation / physical examination at first diagnosis.
8. A negative Fluorine-18-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) scan confirming complete response, with negative defined as a score of 1-3 on the Deauville 5-point scale used to quantify radionucleotide density in PET scans as determined locally (Morschhauser 200735).
9. Bone marrow cellularity greater than 15%, no evidence of myelodysplasia morphologically and no evidence of involvement with lymphoma either at the pre R-CHOP marrow or on repeat assessment pre-Zevalin. After completing R-chemotherapy, a repeat marrow is required for participant randomized to the Zevalin arm only.
10. A world health organization/eastern cooperative oncology group (WHO/ECOG) performance status of 0, 1 or 2.
11. Adequate hematopoietic functions: Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1.0 x 10\^9/ liter (L), Hemoglobin (Hgb) ≥ 9 g/dL, Platelets ≥ 100 x 10\^9/L.
12. Life expectancy of 6 months or longer.
13. Written informed consent obtained according to local guidelines.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Presence of any other malignancy or history of prior malignancy within 5 years of study entry. Within 5 years, participants treated for Stage I or II cancers are eligible provided they have a life expectancy of \> 5 years. The 5-year exclusion rule does not apply to-non melanoma skin tumors and in situ cervical cancer.
2. Prior radioimmunotherapy, including radiation therapy for Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma) NHL, or any other NHL therapy.
3. Presence of primary gastric, central nervous system (CNS), or testicular lymphoma at first diagnosis.
4. Histological transformation of low-grade NHL.
5. Active hepatitis B or C.
6. Known history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
7. Abnormal liver function: total bilirubin \> 2 × ULN unless secondary to Gilbert disease.
8. Abnormal renal function: serum creatinine \> 2.0 × ULN.
9. Non-recovery from the toxic effects of chemotherapy to \< grade 2, or interfering with Zevalin treatment.
10. Known hypersensitivity to murine or chimeric antibodies or proteins.
11. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) or Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) therapy within 4 weeks prior to Zevalin or observation.
12. Concurrent severe and/or medically uncontrolled disease (e.g. uncontrolled diabetes, congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction within 6 months of study, unstable and uncontrolled hypertension, chronic renal disease, or active uncontrolled infection) which could compromise participation in the study.
13. Treatment with investigational drugs less than 4 weeks prior to Zevalin or observation.
14. Major surgery less than 4 weeks prior to Zevalin or start of observation.
15. Concurrent systemic corticosteroid use for any reason except as premedication in case of known or suspected allergies to contrast media or as premedication for potential side effects of rituximab treatment. Participants on a chronic dose of prednisone for a medical condition (e.g. Asthma or autoimmune disease) less than or equal to 20 milligram (mg) daily, stable for 4 weeks, are permissible.
16. Unwillingness or inability to comply with the protocol.