Group-based and Dual-task Focused Otago Exercises in Geriatric Individuals With Kinesiophobia

The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of group-based and dual-task focused otago exercises on kinesiophobia, musculoskeletal system and psychosocial status in geriatric individuals with kinesiophobia. In the study : 1. Do group-based and dual-task focused otago exercises have an effect on kinesiophobia in geriatric individuals with kinesiophobia? 2. Do group-based and dual-task focused otago exercises have an effect on the musculoskeletal system in geriatric individuals with kinesiophobia? 3. Do group-based and dual-task focused otago exercises have an effect on the psychosocial status of geriatric individuals with kinesiophobia? 4. Do group-based and dual-task focused otago exercises have an effect on cognitive function in geriatric individuals with kinesiophobia? The questions were answered.

Our study was conducted as a cross-controlled study on 20 geriatric individuals. The study lasted 12 weeks. The participants in the study were given group otago exercises for 4 weeks, face to face once a week for 30 minutes, and remotely monitored twice a week with handouts containing the exercises. They were asked to walk normally for 30 minutes on 2 days a week. Then, they entered a 4-week washout period. After the washout period, the participants in the study were given group otago exercises for 4 weeks, face to face for 30 minutes, and remotely monitored twice a week with handouts containing the exercises. They were asked to walk normally for 30 minutes on 2 days a week. Before starting the study, participants were given a demographic information form, Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale for kinesiophobia, Berg Balance Scale for balance assessment, Short Form Geriatric Depression Scale for psychosocial status, 5-times sit-to-stand test to assess fall risk and lower extremity muscle strength, Timed Up and Go test to assess mobility, and Mini Mental State Test and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test to assess cognitive function. These tests were repeated at the end of the first 4 sessions and the last 4 sessions, and pre- and post-test values were measured.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Individuals aged 65 and over
* Participants who can read and write in Turkish
* Participants who scored 38 or higher on the Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale
* Participants who received 24 points or more from the Mini Mental State Test
* Participating in the study voluntarily
* Individuals who do not have any disability such as vision, hearing, limb loss, etc.
* Participants who can walk independently

Exclusion Criteria:

* Medication status that increases the risk of falls (determined based on information from nursing home nurses and physiotherapists).
* Individuals who are bedridden or wheelchair bound
* Individuals with diagnosed mental or psychological problems (The individual's inability to perceive the scales to be applied)
* Individuals with diagnosed serious neurological or orthopedic problems
* Individuals with diagnosed serious pulmonary or cardiac disease
* Individuals with uncontrolled hypertension or diabetes
* Those with a history of syncope or vertigo attacks in the last 4 weeks