A Pilot Study Evaluating Oat Polyphenols on Post-prandial Glucose Response

The trial will use a two period acute double-blind cross-over design to compare the effects of a serving of oatmeal containing high or low amounts of avenanthramides (AV) on post-prandial blood glucose response in healthy adults.

The clinical trial will follow a two period acute double-blind cross-over design. It will take place at Richardson Centre for Functional Food and Nutraceuticals (RCFFN) at University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.

The trial will recruit healthy adult participants. Participants will consent to participate in two acute feeding sessions. Participants will be randomized to either control (low avenanthramides) then treatment (high avenanthramides) or treatment then control. Participants will arrive at the study center fasted between 8 and 10:30 am on the session days. They will be provided either the study treatment or control product based on randomization sequence for their first study visit. Baseline blood glucose (0 min) will be measured in duplicate via finger stick blood sample right before their first bite of the treatment product, and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 mins after baseline. The timer will be started when they take their first bite. During the second visit participant will consume the other treatment based on the randomization (the oatmeal that they didn't receive in their first visit and follow exactly the same procedure as the first visit). There will be a minimum of 5 days between sessions. Female participants will be scheduled during the luteal phase of their menstruation cycle. There will be a maximum of 8 weeks between the two sessions, therefore, participants will finish the both sessions within an 8 week period.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Participant is willing and able to give informed consent for participation in the trial
* Male or female between 18-50 years old
* BMI range in between 18.9-29.9 kg/m\^2
* Fasting glucose \<5.6 mmol/L
* Usually eat breakfast
* In the Investigator's opinion is able and willing to comply with all trial requirements

Exclusion Criteria:

* Fasting glucose ≥ 5.6 mmol/L or \<3.5 mmol/L
* Female participant who is pregnant, lactating or planning pregnancy during the course of the trial
* Participants who indicate that they could not finish consuming the study treatments within 10 minutes
* Use of medication or supplements that may influence carbohydrate metabolism, including, but not limited to adrenergic blockers, diuretics, thiazolidinediones, metformin and systemic corticosteroids within 4 weeks of screening visit
* History of disordered eating, AIDS, hepatitis, a history of clinically important endocrine (including Type I and Type II diabetes mellitus), cardiovascular (including but not limit to atherosclerotic disease, history of myocardial infarction, peripheral arterial disease, stroke), pulmonary, biliary or GI disorders
* Intolerance or allergic reaction to oats
* Existing restrictive dietary habits (such a vegan, low carbohydrate or keto)
* Uncontrolled hypertension
* History of cancer within the last two years (except for non-melanoma skin cancer)
* Recent history of (within 12 month of screening) or current strong potential for alcohol or substance abuse. Alcohol abuse is defined as \>14 drinks per week, (1 drink = 12oz of beer, 5oz of wine or 1.5oz distilled spirits)
* Body weight change over 3.5kg within the past 3 months
* Participants who have participated in another research trial involving an investigational product in the past 12 weeks
* Had significant physical trauma or major surgery in the past 3 month or had trauma or major surgery in the past 3 month