cyrilzakka/clinical-trials huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting Sensory and Motor Learning

How participants perceive the position of their own hand in various contexts will be examined. This will include changing the visual display to suggest the hand is in a slightly different position, and asking participants to indicate where they think it is by pointing with their other hand.

Hand position can be estimated visually, from an image on the retina, and proprioceptively, from sensors in the joints, muscles, and skin. The brain is thought to weight and combine available sensory estimates to form an integrated multisensory estimate. Inherent in this process is the capacity to realign one or both sensory estimates when they become spatially mismatched, as when washing dishes with the hands immersed in water, which refracts light. It is generally assumed that if a person knows about the sensory mismatch somehow, the realignment will not occur. This assumption will be tested in two experiments by giving people this information in different ways. Expt. A: Conscious awareness of the mismatch will be presented in different ways, or absent. Expt. B: Movement error feedback will be presented in different ways, or absent.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Between the ages of 18-45 years old
* Right-handed.
* Covid has been found to have neurological effects in some people, but mostly the effects on sensorimotor control and neurophysiology are unknown. So we will only include individuals who report being free of Covid symptoms in week preceding testing.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Past or present history of seizure, stroke, any brain or peripheral nerve disease, severe head trauma, or spinal cord surgery.
* Learning or attention conditions such as ADHD.
* Orthopedic or pain conditions, or a history of seriously injured bones, joints or muscles in either arm.
* Lack of normal or corrected-to-normal vision.
Phase I Study to Evaluate Bioavailability of Naproxen as PN400 Compared to Naproxen as Proxen S and Naprosyn E

The purpose of the study is to investigate the uptake in the body of naproxen; one of the two active substances in PN400. We also want to show that the body's uptake of naproxen given as PN400 is comparable to that of currently marketed naproxen tablets.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Body Mass Index (BMI) of greater than or equal to 19 to less than or equal to 30 kg/m2 and weight of greater than or equal to 50 to less than or equal to 100 kg
* Clinically normal physical exams and laboratory measurements

Exclusion Criteria:

* Subject has received another investigational drug within 4 weeks preceding this study or planning to participate in another study at any time during the period of this study
* Any significant medical or psychiatric condition that could affect the interpretation of the PK data, or which otherwise would contraindicate participation in a clinical trial
* Any GI disease, abnormality or gastric surgery that may interfere with gastric emptying, motility and drug absorption
* Subject who has donated a unit of blood or plasma within 3 months prior to the Screening Visit
Accuracy of Dental Implant Position Robotic Assistance, Dynamic Navigation, or Static Guide?

For free hand dental implant placement, a key difficulty is to accurately control the position. Improving precision of dental implant placement is considered important for safety and efficacy of tooth replacement with dental implants. There are 3 available methods to improve implant position according to a digitally constructed prosthetically guided plan: the use of a 3D printed static guide, the use of a dynamic navigation system or the use of a robotic system. The goal of this randomized controlled trial is to compare the positional implant accuracy, the surgical time, and patient satisfaction among three methods of digital guidance: the use of a 3D printed static guide, dynamic navigation, and robotic assisted surgery. Patients requiring single tooth replacement with a dental implant will be digitally planned using a CBCT and an intraoral digital scan. Subjects will be randomized to one of the three treatment modalities based on the plan. The accuracy of placement will be assessed evaluating the difference between the planned and the actual position using a follow-up scan taken at the end of the surgery. Subjects will be followed up for one year to assess both patient reported and professional outcomes.

For free hand dental implant placement, a key difficulty is to accurately control the position. Improving precision of dental implant placement is considered important for safety and efficacy of tooth replacement with dental implants. There are 3 available methods to improve implant position according to a digitally constructed prosthetically guided plan: the use of a 3D printed static guide, the use of a dynamic navigation system or the use of a robotic system. The goal of this randomized controlled trial is to compare the positional implant accuracy, the surgical time, and patient satisfaction among three methods of digital guidance: the use of a 3D printed static guide, dynamic navigation, and robotic assisted surgery. Patients requiring single tooth replacement with a dental implant will be digitally planned using a CBCT and an intraoral digital scan. Subjects will be randomized to one of the three treatment modalities based on the plan. The accuracy of placement will be assessed evaluating the difference between the planned and the actual position using a follow-up scan taken at the end of the surgery. Platform deviation will be measured digitally. Subjects will be followed up for one year to assess both patient reported and professional outcomes and associate them with the precision of implant position.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Patient with a single missing tooth, with sufficient bone volume and keratinized tissue at edentulous site, willing to comply with research appointments/schedule.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Pregnancy or intention to become pregnant at any point during the study duration; with any systematic diseases/conditions that are contradictions to dental implant treatment; inability or unwillingness of individual to give written informed consent; inability of follow-up according to the protocol.
Reduction of Abdominal Obesity and Insulin Resistance in Women

The purpose of the study was to assess the effects of equivalent diet- or exercise-induced weight loss and related insulin resistance in abdominally obese women.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Premenopausal women

Exclusion Criteria:

* Smokers and diabetics
Xenon in Off-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

Purpose of this study is to test whether xenon application during off-pump-coronary artery bypass (OPCAB)-surgery is safe and feasible.

The investigators hypothesize that xenon application during OPCAB-surgery performs non-inferiorly to the administration of the established anaesthetic sevoflurane with regard to haemodynamic stability, respiratory function, and depth of anesthesia. The evaluation of the outcome will include several secondary parameters such as the incidence of post-operative cardiovascular and neurovascular events, the incidence of organ dysfunction and further adverse events.

This study will further function as a pilot study for the evaluation of the incidence of postoperative delirium (POD) following OPCAB-surgery and xenon treatment. POD is a common complication of cardiac surgery/anaesthesia and may significantly affect the patients' mortality and outcome. Xenon possesses neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory qualities that may directly interfere with the pathogenesis of POD, as well as reducing other factors of perioperative organ injury including cardiac complications. Xenon´s favourable pharmacokinetic properties further result in rapid clearance from the brain, reducing any residual anaesthetic effects that may predispose to POD.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients with coronary artery disease scheduled for elective OPCAB- surgery
* Patients willing and able to complete the requirements of this study
* Ejection Fraction \> 30%

Exclusion Criteria:

* Lack of informed consent
* Age \< 18 years
* Pregnancy
* chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) GOLD \> II
* Renal dysfunction defined as serum-creatinine \> 1.5 mg/dl
* Acute coronary syndrome during the last 24 hours; haemodynamic instability, requirement of inotropic support
* Single vessel grafting
* Disabling neuropsychiatric disorders (severe dementia, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, depression), history of stroke with residuals, significant stenosis of carotid arteries, increased intracranial pressure
* Hypersensitivity to the study medication
* Presumed uncooperativeness or legal incapacity
Ovarian Innervation Study in Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, and ovulatory dysfunction. One of the diagnostic criteria for PCOS is the presence of polycystic ovaries, which are enlarged ovaries with multiple follicles on ultrasound. However, the mechanisms that lead to the development of polycystic ovaries in PCOS are not completely understood. One potential area of investigation is the role of ovarian innervation in the pathophysiology of PCOS. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the ovarian innervation in PCOS patients through ovarian biopsy sampling.

This is a cross-sectional study that will involve the recruitment of patients diagnosed with PCOS. The study will be conducted at a tertiary care center Koco Gliozheni Maternity, Faculty of Medicine of Tirana, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology with expertise in gynecology and endocrinology and will then be examined with the aid of the department of Biology and Physiology of the University of Perugia. The study protocol will be approved by the institutional ethics committee, and written informed consent will be obtained from all participants.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion criteria:

* Diagnosis of PCOS based on the Rotterdam criteria,
* No use of hormonal contraception or medications for at least 3 months prior to the study,
* No history of ovarian cancer.

Exclusion Criteria:

* History of pelvic inflammatory disease or other pelvic infections,
* Use of medications that may affect ovarian function or innervation, such as antipsychotics or antidepressants
* Presence of ovarian cysts \> 5 cm on ultrasound
Exploring Blood Plasma Metabolomics: Unraveling the Metabolic Landscape in Treatment-Resistant Adolescent Depression

This study contributes new evidence for the identification of adolescent TRD and sheds light on differing pathophysiologies by delineating distinct plasma metabolic profiles between adolescent TRD and FEDN-MDD.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

FEDN-MDD：

1. Age 12-18 years
2. Meet the diagnostic criteria for MDD according to the DSM-5
3. First-episode and drug-naive
4. HAMD-17 score \> 17

TRD:

1. Age 12-18 years
2. Meet the diagnostic criteria for MDD according to the DSM-5
3. HAMD-17 score \> 13
4. Currently or previously taking a standard therapeutic dose of antidepressant for at least 6 weeks, and they had at least one historical failure to an antidepressant (reduction in depressive symptoms \<50%)

HC:

1. age 12-18 years
2. HAMD-17 score \< 7
3. HCs without a personal history of a mental illness or family history in a first-degree relative

Exclusion Criteria:

FEDN-MDD、TRD：

1. the presence or past history of severe medical, neurological or psychiatric disorders (other than MDD in patients)
2. anxiety comorbidity was not considered an exclusion criterion provided that MDD was the main diagnosis and the primary reason for seeking assistance
3. substance abuse, head trauma, or loss of consciousness
4. Chronic physical diseases that significantly affect peripheral metabolism or neurological function
5. Pregnant and lactating women

HC:

1. the presence or past history of severe medical, neurological or psychiatric disorders
2. substance abuse, head trauma, or loss of consciousness
3. Chronic physical diseases that significantly affect peripheral metabolism or neurological function
4. Pregnant and lactating women
Volume vs Concentration: Quadratus Lumborum Blocks With High Volume/Low Concentration or Low Volume/ High Concentration in Nephrectomies

The quadratus lumborum has since 2016 become standard of care for abdominal and retroperitoneal surgeries at UPMC-Shadyside Hospital, replacing paravertebral blocks, and as part of a broader multimodal analgesia institutional Enhanced Recovery After surgery protocol. Since the first description of this technique, several approaches to and anatomic targets within the quadratus lumborum plane have been described although their mechanism of action, spread, and relative clinical effectiveness remain areas of some debate. What is proposed here is to investigate the relative clinical effectiveness of the relationship high volume/low concentration of local anesthetic or low volume/ high concentration of local anesthetic.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patients 18-90 years old
2. Patients undergoing nephrectomy
3. Body Mass Index 19-36
4. Male and Female
5. All races
6. American Society of Anesthesiologist scale I, II, III

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patient refusal
2. Pregnancy
3. Non-English speaking or inability to participate in the study
4. Patients with coagulopathy or With International Normalized Ratio \>1,5 the day of the surgery.
5. Chronic steroid use
6. Chronic pain
7. Chronic opiate use
BRAIN-CONNECTS: Intensive Rehabilitation Program for Subacute Stroke Patients in an Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility

This is an observational study aiming to describe an intensive rehabilitation program for stroke patients in an inpatient rehabilitation facility, measuring the time and reporting activities performed during the therapy sessions (physiotherapy, occupational and speech language therapy). Indeed, functional and cognitive outcomes will be reported, and data about feasibility and safety of the rehabilitation program will also be recorded.

This is an observational descriptive study that will be performed in an inpatient intensive rehabilitation unit. Stroke patients admitted in our neuro-rehabilitation unit who follow the inclusion criteria, will be invited to participate. The main objective of the study is to register the time spent in different activities during therapy session performed in the intensive rehabilitation program. At the end of each session a sum of the minutes spent in each activity will be performed and at the end of the rehabilitation program the average of time spent in each therapy will be calculated. Indeed, throughout these data the total amount of time spent on rehabilitation (hours and minutes) will be obtained. Secondary objectives are to report changes on functional, cognitive and health status outcomes during different time-frames. This outcomes will be assessed at baseline (admission on neuro-rehabilitation unit), at discharge of rehabilitation unit (average of 30 days after stroke), at 3 months and 6 months after stroke. Safety and Feasibility of the program will also de recorded. Feasibility will be assessed by adherence to the prescribed program, including the register of the following parameters: attendance rate (number of planned sessions attended), training session modification (dose reduction or early termination of the individual session) and reasons for training interruption (2 or more days without training session) as fatigue, dizziness, fever... Safety will be assessed registering any adverse event related to rehab (ie. episodes of falls,..)

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. aged 18 or over,
2. first-ever intracerebral ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke confirmed by neuroimaging,
3. less than 3 weeks of stroke onset,
4. moderate-to severe impairment (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale \[NIHSS\] score between 5 and 13),
5. functionally independent prior to stroke (Rankin \> 2),
6. no major cognitive deficits affecting comprehension (Mini-Mental State Examination \>24), (7) ability to understand Spanish and/or Catalan

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with any other neurological or psychiatric condition will be excluded.
Multi-center Observational Study on the Progression of Atherosclerotic Plaques in Anti-PD-1 mAb Treated Tumor Patients by Artery Ultrasound Follow-up

Multi-center Observational Study on the Progression of Atherosclerotic Plaques in Anti-PD-1 mAb Treated Tumor Patients by Artery Ultrasound Follow-up

This is a self-control, multi-center observational study. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of anti-PD-1 mAbs on atherosclerotic plaques in those anti-PD-1 mAbs treated patients. The method for quantification and evaluation of atherosclerotic plaques are based on the calculation of the plaque area of atherosclerotic plaques on the long axis direction of artery on the ultrasound images. By comparing the plaque areas at the same location of artery in each patient before and after anti-PD-1 mAbs treatments, to assess the progression of atherosclerotic plaques response to anti-PD-1 mAbs.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. The age is 18-90 years old (including 18 and 90 years old);
2. The subjects knew about the experiment and signed the informed consent voluntarily;
3. The subjects complicated with tumor diseases and atherosclerotic plaques;
4. The subjects received regular PD-1 inhibitor treatment;
5. The subjects had ultrasound images of atherosclerotic plaques before- and after- or during PD-1 blockade treatment at the two different timepoints;
6. The subjects received regular treatments of PD-1 inhibitor during the two timepoints of artery ultrasound examinations;
7. The subjects who had ultrasound images before the initiation of first-dose PD-1 inhibitor, the interval between these two timepoints should be restricted within 1 month;
8. The subjects who had ultrasound images after 3 months of PD-1 inhibitor treatment.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Subjects stop receiving PD-1 inhibitor treatments during follow-up;
2. Subjects are reluctant to continue to be involved in this study; Known pregnant and lactating women;
3. Plaque areas can not be calculated because of the quality of ultrasound image;
4. Other situations that the researchers judged were not suitable for inclusion.
Impact of the Cardiopulmonary Bypass and Cross-Clamp Time Ratio on Postoperative Outcomes in Open Heart Surgery: a Prospective Observational Analysis

This study aims to investigate the relationship between the ratio of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time to cross-clamp (CC) time and postoperative complications in open heart surgery. While CPB time and CC duration have been linked to complications, no study has explored the specific ratio between CPB time and CC time in relation to postoperative outcomes. This prospective study seeks to fill that gap.

Open heart surgery involves several distinct stages: 1) preparation for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), 2) the CPB phase, which includes the cross-clamp (CC) process, and 3) hemostasis and closure. During the CPB phase, the left internal mammary artery (LIMA) and saphenous vein are freed for coronary anastomosis, followed by arterial and venous cannulation. Once cannulation is completed, CPB is initiated. A cross-clamp is placed on the aorta to stop the heart, and cardioplegia solution is administered. Afterward, distal anastomoses are performed, and once completed, the cross-clamp is removed and the heart begins to beat again. The duration the cross-clamp remains in place is referred to as the CC time. In the CPB phase, proximal anastomoses are made on the aorta. After checking for any bleeding, thoracic drains are placed, and the CPB is terminated. Once all controls are in place, the chest is closed, and the patient is transferred to the intensive care unit.

The mortality rate for open heart surgery varies between 1% and 5%, depending on the patient's specific characteristics. Postoperative complications such as bleeding revision, acute kidney injury, liver failure, respiratory failure, and heart failure are common. Literature has linked these complications to vascular conditions, CPB time, and the duration of cross-clamp time. However, no studies were found that specifically compare the ratio of CPB time to CC time with postoperative complications.

In this study, we aim to prospectively investigate the relationship between the ratio of CPB time to cross-clamp time and postoperative complications in patients undergoing open heart surgery.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients undergoing open heart surgery
* Undergo on pump surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients undergoing emergency open heart surgery Patients undergoing open heart surgery on a beating heart
Exercise Program Based on Motor Learning and Forward Head Posture Correction

The aim of this study is to investigate the efficiency of an exercise program based on principles of motor learning in correction of Forward Head Position (FHP) in asymptomatic patients.

Epidemiological studies have shown that bad posture and poor body control occurs at puberty, with forward head posture (FHP) and rounded shoulders being the most common biomechanical deviations in sagittal plane. The FHP is defined as an anterior displacement of the head with hyperextension of the cervical spine and this is associated with a reduction in the length of the upper portion of the trapezius, posterior portion of the cervical extensor muscles, the sternocleidomastoid and the levator scapulae. FHP can be evaluated by measuring craniovertebral angle (CVA) which is defined as the angle between a horizontal line passing through C7 and a line extending from the tragus of the ear to C7.

CVA, smaller than 50 degrees, constitute a criterion of abnormal posture of cervical spine, suggesting FHP. People with FHP present incomplete balance control, thereby affecting the position of the center of gravity and motor control of the body. The establishment of altered motor control strategies could lead to balance disorders, neck muscle imbalances, chronic neck pain and even respiratory dysfunction.

Despite the efforts of researchers to create effective treatment programs based on strength training and stretching exercises, positive long-term results have been a problem in FHP correction. For this reason, re-education of posture and body alignment, through exercise programs based on motor learning, with cognitive elements (attention, motivation, feedback, reasoning), could be proved a more effective therapeutic strategy.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Students at Technological Educational Institute of Sterea Ellada,
* Aged 18-26 years old
* Males and females
* Craniocervical angle \< 50 degrees (statical Forward Head Posture in standing position)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Injury or surgery in cervical spine
* Accompanying neurologic, musculoskeletal or mental problems
* Any medical administration
* Intense continuous or intermittent neck pain
* BMI \>25
* Participation in any rehabilitation or physiotherapy sessions considering neck dysfunction the last 6 months
* Change in physical activities during the research period of 6 weeks