Cardiovascular Ultrasound for the Rehabilitation of Patients With Coronary Heart Disease After PCI

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn the efficacy of cardiovascular ultrasound therapy on the rehabilitation of patients with coronary heart disease after PCI. It will also learn about the safety of cardiovascular ultrasound. The main questions it aims to answer are:

Whether cardiovascular ultrasound improves cardiac function and prognosis in patients with coronary artery disease after PCI? What medical problems will participants experience after using cardiovascular ultrasound therapy? Researchers will compare cardiovascular ultrasound to a placebo (sham stimulation) to see if cardiovascular ultrasound works to treat coronary artery disease after PCI.

Participants will:

Patients were treated with cardiovascular ultrasound or placebo from the 24th hour after PCI for 20 minutes twice a day for 10 days.

Examination and detection of serum inflammatory markers, endothelial function indicators, cardiac function, and heart rate variability at multiple time points (baseline (24 hours post-PCI), days 5 and 10 post-intervention, and months 1 and 3.

Their symptoms were recorded, and depression and anxiety were scored.

Background Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the leading causes of mortality and disability and places a financial burden on the healthcare system. Although cardiovascular ultrasound has shown its effectiveness and safety in improving refractory angina, relevant clinical studies are rare, and clinical evidence is severely lacking.

Methods and design This is a prospective, parallel-group, randomized control trial. We will enroll 200 patients with coronary artery disease after PCI and randomize them into 2 groups. The intervention group was given usual practice combined with cardiovascular ultrasound intervention and the control group was given usual practice combined with empty stimulation intervention. We used hs-CRP and IL-6 levels in serum after 20 times treatments with LIPUS as the primary outcome measures. Serum myocardial injury indicators levels and blood lipids indicators levels, markers of endothelial function levels, inflammatory factor levels, hemodynamic Indicators, Echocardiogram, 6-minute walk test, Short-term Heart rate variability, and mental health assessment were secondary outcomes. The researchers tested the outcome indicators at baseline (24th hours after PCI), 5th and 10th days, and 1st and 3rd months after the intervention. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 26.0 statistical software.

Discussion This study is the first clinical study of the rehabilitation efficacy of cardiovascular ultrasound in the treatment of coronary heart disease after PCI. Given that the current clinical recovery mainly depends on the body's self-limiting and conventional symptomatic treatment, Cardiovascular ultrasound, as a new therapy method, might be a major advance in the treatment of coronary heart disease after PCI.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria

1. Age of enrollment at least 18 years 2. Patients with confirmed coronary artery disease requiring elective PCI 3. TIMI flow grade 2 or above after PCI 4. No intraoperative complications of PCI such as entrapment, reflux, or perforation of coronary artery.

5. The skin in the anterior chest area is intact and not broken. 6. Cardiac enzymes and troponin I are within normal range before enrollment. Exclusion Criteria

1. Patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.
2. Occlusion of branch vessels during PCI.
3. Patients with perioperative use of hormones or immunosuppressants
4. Combined infection or other inflammatory diseases
5. Postoperative fever
6. Patients are allergic to contrast media or cardiovascular ultrasound acoustic head-related materials.
7. Changes in lipid-lowering, antiplatelet, and antihypertensive drug regimens during treatment.
8. Patients with a clear diagnosis of autoimmune disease
9. Patients who have undergone other surgeries in the past 7 days or have a history of trauma.
10. Patients infected with novel coronavirus in the past month.
11. Previous PCI treatment
12. Previous cardiovascular ultrasound treatment
13. Diabetic patients