Blood Glucose Response of Novel Wild Rice Enhanced Food Products (Trial 1)

The goal of this acute double-blind cross over trial is to test the effects of a wild rice cake product compared to products currently on the market on glycaemic control. The main questions it aims to answer are:

1. What is the effect compared to products currently on the market on glycaemic control?
2. Is the wild rice product palatable?

Participants will:

* consent to attend 4 study visits being 2.5 hours each
* come to each visit fasted for at least 10-12 hours.
* complete a Motivation to Eat VAS following each blood measure

This trial will be an acute double-blind cross-over trial and will investigate 2 types of rice cake products tested against a white bread control. This is the first of the two trials and will be assessing a wild rice cake and a brown rice cake against a control of white bread.

Participants will fast and arrive at the RCFTR between 7:00 and 11:00 am on the session day. They will be provided either of the study treatment based on randomization sequence. Baseline blood glucose (0 min) will be measured twice via finger stick blood sample right before their first bite of the study product, and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 mins after baseline in duplicate. The timer will be started when they take their first bite. VAS will be completed following consumption of the treatments to measure palatability.

The primary objective is to test the effects of a wild rice cake compared to products currently on the market by evaluating factors that influence glycemic response to wild rice in humans, performed via the finger stick blood glucose that will be measured throughout each session as outlined above.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Participant is willing and able to give informed consent for participation in the trial
* Male or female between 18-50 years old
* BMI range in between 18.9-29.9 kg/m2
* Fasting glucose \<5.6 mmol/L
* Usually eat breakfast
* Participant must receive at least two doses of COVID-19 vaccine that have been recognized by Winnipeg Regional Health Authorities.
* In the Investigator's opinion is able and willing to comply with all trial requirements

Exclusion Criteria:

* Fasting glucose ≥ 5.6 mmol/L or \<3.5 mmol/L
* Female participant who is pregnant, lactating or planning pregnancy during the course of the trial
* Participants who indicate that they could not finish study treatments within 10 minutes
* Use of medication or supplements that may influence carbohydrate metabolism, including, not limit to adrenergic blockers, diuretics, thiazolidinediones, metformin and systemic corticosteroids within 4 weeks of screening visit
* History of disordered eating, AIDS, hepatitis, a history of clinically important endocrine (including Type I and Type II diabetes mellitus), cardiovascular (including but not limit to atherosclerotic disease, history of myocardial infarction, peripheral arterial disease, stroke), pulmonary, biliary or GI disorders
* Intolerance or allergic reaction to rice
* Existing restrictive dietary habits (such a vegan, low carbohydrate/keto) Date and version No: December 12 , 2022, Version 2 Page 7 of 15
* History of hypertension
* History of cancer within the last two years (except for non-melanoma skin cancer)
* Recent history (within 12 month of screening) or current consumption of \>14 drinks per week, (1 drink = 12oz of beer, 5oz of wine or 1.5oz distilled spirits)
* Body weight change over 3.5kg for the past 3 months
* Participants who have participated in another research trial involving an investigational product in the past 12 weeks
* Had significant physical trauma or major surgery in the past 3 month or had trauma or major surgery in the past 3 months