cyrilzakka/clinical-trials huggingface dataset:
Effect of Lateral Positions on the Shape of Upper Airway

The severity and frequency of respiratory events is increased in the supine body posture compared with the lateral position in emergency, difficult airway patients. The mechanism responsible is not clear but may relate to the effect of position on upper airway shape and size. 3D finite element model of upper airway filling based on MRI image reconstruction can effectively reflect the anatomy of the upper airway. This study compared the effect of body position on upper airway shape and size in individuals with lateral position among sedated subjects.

Anesthesiologists may encounter situations in which a accidental loss of airway patency occurs in patients in a lateral patient position during surgery. Intubation is required in the lateral position in cases of oropharyngeal bleeding to reduce the risk of aspiration, or in airway management in some patients with limited posture. The severity and frequency of respiratory events is increased in the supine body posture compared with the lateral position in emergency, difficult airway patients. The mechanism responsible is not clear but may relate to the effect of position on upper airway shape and size secondary to gravitational effects. Lateral positioning decreases upper airway obstruction in sleeping individuals, children breathing spontaneously, and adults during general anesthesia. The mechanical upper airway properties may become the dominant factor governing upper airway collapsibility during sedation due to the significant depression of consciousness and the impairment of neural mechanisms controlling compensatory neuromuscular responses. Anesthesiologists and surgeons who are responsible for airway management during procedures under sedation and the perioperative period should be well versed with the physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms affecting upper airway patency. 3D finite element model of upper airway filling based on MRI image reconstruction can effectively reflect the anatomy of the upper airway.

The primary aim of this study was to determine the changes in upper airway shape and size that occur when sedated, spontaneously breathing adults are placed in the lateral position. These findings may provide new guidance for the evaluation and prediction of difficult airway during clinical anesthesia.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Subjects aged over than 18 years and less than 100 years
2. The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score was grade I to II
3. There was no serious cardiopulmonary disease

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Unable to maintain oxygenation before or during the examination and requiring intervention
2. Those with preoperative arrhythmia requiring intervention
3. Thosewith severe hematological diseases, severe metabolic diseases, severe liver and kidney organ insufficiency
4. Those do not consent to participate in the study
Impact of Pinaverium Bromide on Bile Duct and Pancreatic Duct Cannulation During Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography

Pinaverium bromide can be used to treat symptoms related to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and functional disorders of the biliary tract. In this study, pinaverium bromide was compared with Vitamin C for the facilitation of bile duct and pancreatic duct cannulation in patients. The primary outcome was successful deep bile duct cannulation and pancreatic duct canulation. The second outcome was the major papillary orifice,bile juice flow from the papilla, time to achieve deep bile duct cannulation, fluoroscopy time for deep bile duct cannulation,the appearance of the major and minor papillary orifice, pancreatic juice flow from the papilla, time to achieve deep pancreatic duct cannulation, and fluoroscopy time for deep pancreatic duct cannulation in the pinaverium bromide group versus Vitamin C group.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. those with intact native papilla,
2. who underwent endoscopic retrograde choledochopancreatography for bile duct,
3. age≥18 years, ≤80years, and
4. agreement to participate in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. a previous sphincterotomy,
2. previous attempted or unsuccessful endoscopic retrograde choledochopancreatography with papillary manipulation,
3. indwelling biliary or pancreatic stent(s),
4. active acute pancreatitis,
5. active acute pancreatitis
6. altered/postsurgical anatomy,
7. history of gastroparesis,
8. endoscopic retrograde choledochopancreatography for sphincter of Oddi's sphincter(SO) manometry,
9. known tumor of the major duodenal papilla, and
10. patients with any medication probably affecting SO motility
Striatal and Extra-striatal Dopamine Release in Response to Food in Healthy Humans

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether a combination of taste probes and food-related cues can induce dopamine release in striatal and extra-striatal brain regions in healthy subjects.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Female
* 20 ≤ BMI ≤ 25
* Right handed
* Stable body weight for at least 3 consecutive months at start of study and no history of behavioral, therapeutic or surgical treatment aiming at or leading to weight loss/gain
* Subject understands the study procedures and agrees to participate in the study by giving written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Medical (current or history):

  * Abdominal/thoracic surgery except appendectomy
  * Gastrointestinal, endocrine (especially diabetes), or neurological diseases
  * Cardiovascular, respiratory, renal or urinary diseases
  * Hypertension
  * Food or drug allergies
  * Head trauma with loss of consciousness
* Psychiatric disorders (current or history):

  * Eating disorders
  * Psychotic disorders
  * Major depressive disorder
  * Somatoform disorder
  * Emotional and/or restraint eating
  * Treatment in the last 6 months with antidepressants (as MAO inhibitors), neuroleptics, sedative hypnotics, psychostimulants, glucocorticoids, appetite suppressants, estrogens, opiate, or dopamine medications. Oral contraception is allowed
* History of cannabis use or any other drug of abuse for at least 12 months prior to the study
* Intolerance of lactose
* Vegetarians
* Smoking and alcohol intake greater than 5 alcoholic units per week (one alcoholic unit = 10 gr ethanol)
* More than moderate exercise (\> 30 min, five times per week of walking or equivalent)
* High caffeine intake (\> 500 ml coffee daily or equivalent)
* Exposure to a significant amount (\> 1mSv) of ionizing radiation in other research studies within the last 12 months
* Claustrophobia or too much uneasiness in limited spaces (in order tolerate confinement during PET scanning procedures)
* Inability or unwillingness to perform all of the study procedures, or if the subject is considered unsuitable in any way by the principal investigator
* Recent participation (\< 30 days) or simultaneous participation in another clinical trial
* Any condition that would interfere with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) or PET studies (e.g., cochlear implant, metal fragments in eyes, cardiac pacemaker, neural stimulator, and metallic body inclusion or other metal implanted in the body which may interfere with MRI scanning)
* Anemia
* Pregnancy
Development of Pharmacogenomic Method to Predict Antidepressant Responsiveness

The Purpose of this study is to predict antidepressant response in advance using pharmacogenomics and peripheral biological markers in depressed patients.

The difficulties to treat depressed patients are 1)the patients don't respond to antidepressant is about 40% of which, and 2) The time lag is existed until the patients respond to antidepressant and show the treatment effects.

If it is predicted the response of antidepressant in advance, it would be overcome such problems. Drug response generally is known to be related to the individual genetic information and the environmental factors. We are going to investigation about antidepressant response using these approaches.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. 25 \< age \<85
2. major depressed patients satisfied with the diagnosis criteria depression of DSM-IV
3. interview with one more patient's family member for objective diagnosis and final diagnosis decision by agreements of two more psychiatric physicians

Exclusion Criteria:

1. received psychotropic medication within 2 weeks of the study or fluoxetine within 4 weeks
2. potential study participants for pregnancy, significant medical conditions, abnormal laboratory baseline values, unstable psychiatric features(eg.suicidal), history of alcohol of drug dependence, seizures, head trauma with loss of consciousness, neurological illness, or concomitant Axis I psychiatric disorder.
Allogeneic Genoidentical Stem Cell Transplantation in Children With Sickle-cell Anemia and Cerebral Vasculopathy

The aim of this study is to demonstrate that cerebral velocities assessed by transcranial doppler (TCD) are more significantly decreased by SCT than by long-term transfusion program A multicenter, national, non-randomized, prospective study of paired cohort will be conducted, with 2 groups of exposed (SCT) and non-exposed (TP) patients.

The aim of this study is to demonstrate that cerebral velocities assessed by transcranial doppler (TCD)are more significantly decreased by SCT than by long-term transfusion program A multicenter, national, non-randomized, prospective study of paired cohort will be conducted, with 2 groups of exposed (SCT) and non-exposed (TP) patients. Sixty-three patients will be enrolled, namely 21 sickle-cell patients in the "SCT" group and 42 in the "Transfusion Program (TP)" group

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Sickle cell anemia patients (SS/Sb0)
* \< 15 years old
* History of abnormal transcranial doppler (TCD) (≥ 200 cm/sec)
* Siblings from the same parental couple
* Parents amenable to Human Leucocyte Antigen (HLA) typing, SCT if an HLA-identical sibling is available or to long-term transfusion program

Exclusion Criteria:

* Sickle cell patients older than 15 years
* no history of abnormal transcranial doppler (TCD) (≥ 200 cm/sec)
* no sibling from the same parental couple
* parents averse to HLA typing, SCT if an HLA-identical sibling is available or to long-term transfusion program
Drug Use Investigation for ALLERMIST

To investigate possible problems or questions in safety and efficacy of ALLERMIST Nasal Spray in Japanese subjects with allergic rhinitis under the practical use conditions


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of allergic rhinitis
* Use ALLERMIST for the first time
* Expected to use ALLERMIST for long-term (1 year)

Exclusion Criteria:

* Subjects with infection which fluticasone is not effective
* Subjects with deep mycosis
* Subjects with hypersensitivity to fluticason
A Clinical Trial of Splinting for DeQuervain's Tenosynovitis

DeQuervain's tenosynovitis is characterized by pain on the pain on the radial (thumb) side of the wrist problems with thumb function. At this point, the standard care is to change daily activities, use a thumb brace, and the possible use of painkillers. There is a difference in opinion among physical therapists about how to use the splint in the treatment of DeQuervain tenosynovitis. Some physicians tell patients to wear the brace at all times while other therapists encourage patients to exercise and use the brace as needed. Both approaches to using the splint are accepted as standard. The purpose of this study is to test and evaluate these two ways of splinting and assess which one is better for patients with DeQuervain tenosynovitis.

De Quervain's tenosynovitis (stenosing tenosynovitis of the first dorsal extensor compartment) is characterized by pain on the radial (thumb) side of the wrist and impairment of thumb and wrist function. Histological evaluation is consistent with a chronic rather than an acute tenosynovitis consistent with the often prolonged course of this disease.

Nonoperative treatments include modification of activities, splint immobilization, icing and anti-inflammatory medication, and corticosteroid injections. Long opponens splinting (or short arm thumb spica splinting; a splint that immobilizes the wrist and the thumb) is standard and well accepted. There is no consensus on the best protocol for use of the splint. Some authors advocate full time splinting for 4 - 6 weeks, with the rationale that tendonitis will resolve with strict rest. Other authors, perhaps aware of histological evidence that De quervain's is a chronic rather than acute inflammatory condition, feel that the splint serves merely to relieve symptoms and is best used as best suits each individual patient. To our knowledge, there are not data available regarding these disparate views.

The ultimate prognosis for recovery in the condition seems satisfying, regardless of the treatment, and spontaneous recovery is the rule. Psychological and personality factors, such as pain anxiety, catastrophizing, and depression are strongly related to upper extremity specific health status and may also influence recovery.

The primary goal of this study is to determine which protocol of splinting leads to better outcome in non-surgical treatment of DeQuervain's tenosynovitis. As a secondary goal and to generate hypotheses for later studies we would like to evaluate the influence of psychosocial factors on both objective (grip strength) and subjective (DASH questionnaire) measures of outcome.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Adult patient (age 18 years or greater)
* Physician very confident about the diagnosis of DeQuervain's tenosynovitis.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with previous history of surgical treatment for De Quervain's.
* Skin conditions making splint wear problematic.
Simple, Mobile-based Artificial Intelligence AlgoRithms in the Detection of Diabetic ReTinopathy (SMART) Study

This is an observational cross sectional study aimed to evaluate the performance of the artificial intelligence algorithm in detecting any grade of diabetic retinopathy using retinal images from patients with diabetes.


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus
2. Ages 18 and above
3. Male and female

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Persistent visual impairment in one or both eyes;
2. Subjects with corneal opacities and advanced cataract.
3. History of retinal vascular (vein or artery) occlusion;
4. Subject is contraindicated for fundus photography (for example, has light sensitivity);
5. Subject is currently enrolled in an interventional study of an investigational device or drug;
6. Subject has a condition or is in a situation which in the opinion of the Investigator, might confound study results, may interfere significantly with the subject's participation in the study, or may result in ungradable clinical reference standard photographs.
Cocamide DEA vs Permethrin for Head Lice

To assess the efficacy and safety of 10% Cocamide DEA and Lyclear creme rinse (permethrin1%) in the eradication of head lice. To assess the ability of each product to kill all viable ova and to assess patient acceptability of the product in use.

A formulation of cocamide diethanolamine (DEA) surfactant was previously reported as showing efficacy to eliminate head louse infestation. This study has been designed to test those data using a new formulation of 10% cocamide DEA in an aqueous basis in comparison with the standard of care product 1% permethrin creme rinse. It is believed that surfactants like cocamide DEA are capable of eliminating lice resistant to conventional insecticides.

A planned total of 120 patients who, following examination, are found to suffer from active head lice infestation will be recruited to the trial. The patient will be treated with the appropriate product according to the randomization code from a pre-prepared listing in balanced blocks of 12.

10% Cocamide DEA is applied directly to dry hair and is washed off with shampoo after 60 minutes. Permethrin 1% creme rinse is applied to shampooed and towel dried hair and left in situ for 10 minutes, then rinsed off with clean water. Treatments will be applied by experienced investigators throughout the study. Assessments will be made by other investigators unaware of the treatment regimen used.

After treatment (day 0), follow up assessments will be performed on days 4, 7,10 then again at day 14 after which they will leave the study. Any adverse events or side effects from the treatments will be monitored during the study.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Male and female patients over the age of 4 who are found to have a head lice infection.
* Patients who give written informed consent or, if the patient is under 16 years of age, whose guardian gives written informed consent to participate in the study.
* Available for the duration of study i.e. 15 days.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Patients with a known sensitivity to pyrethroid, organophosphate, and/or carbamate insecticides, sensitivity to chrysanthemums and/or known sensitivity to paraben preservatives.
* Patients who have been treated with other head lice products within the last 4 weeks.
* Patients who have undergone a course of antibiotic treatment within the last 4 weeks.
* Patients who have any persistent skin disorder of the scalp (i.e. eczema, chronic dermatitis, psoriasis).
* Patients with asthma
* Patients whose hair has been bleached, colour treated or permed within the last 4 weeks.
* Pregnant or nursing mothers.
* Patients who have participated in another clinical trial within 1 month prior to entry to this study.
* Patients who have already participated in this clinical trial.
Non-invasive Monitoring of Mixed Venous Oxygen Saturation Using the Capnodynamic Method in Adults

The objective of this study is to compare the accuracy and correlation of the capnodynamic method for measuring mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) with the standard reference method (pulmonary artery catheter), with the potential for the capnodynamic method to replace the traditional method in selected cases.

The main objective is to evaluate the accuracy and correlation of mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) measured using the capnodynamic method in comparison with the invasive standard method using co-oximetry with a pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) Swan-Ganz, with the potential to replace it in selected cases, in patients who would benefit from hemodynamic monitoring with PAC for their clinical management and decision-making.

The investigator will also study the following secondary objectives:

* To assess whether the capnodynamic method (Capno-SvO2) detects changes over time in the studied variable (SvO2), showing good concordance and magnitude compared to the reference method.
* To evaluate the progression and trend of the Capno-SvO2 method in different clinical situations, such as in adult respiratory distress syndrome and patients with other respiratory pathologies, as well as patients with cardiac conditions.
* To assess the ability of the Capno-SvO2 method to detect changes in mixed venous oxygen saturation in response to therapeutic interventions (e.g., adjustments in mechanical ventilation, use of inotropes, vasopressors, or fluid therapy) or moderate hemodynamic changes.
* To evaluate the correlation between mixed venous oxygen saturation measured using the Capno-SvO2 method and other hemodynamic parameters, such as cardiac output, central venous pressure, and cardiac index.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Age \> 18 years
* Not participating in any other interventional study at the time of the study.
* Patients under controlled mechanical ventilation in passive conditions.
* Situations where the responsible physician deems that, for the benefit of clinical management and therapeutic decision-making, the patient would benefit from the placement of a pulmonary artery catheter (Swan-Ganz) and/or monitoring of central or mixed venous saturation.
* Obtaining informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Failure to obtain informed consent.
* No need for invasive mechanical ventilation.
Study Evaluating The Safety And Efficacy Of PF-03049423 In Subjects With Ischemic Stroke

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of PF-03049423 following multiple dose administration to subjects with ischemic stroke. The study will also evaluate the efficacy of PF-03049423, relative to placebo, in subjects with ischemic stroke following 90 days of therapy. The study will also explore the relationship between PF-03049423 concentration and blood pressure.

The interim analysis for the POC study A9541004 demonstrated futility, and the study was stopped on the 6th of November 2013. There were no signals of serious safety concern.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Diagnosis of ischemic stroke with an onset within 72 hours prior to start of study agent administration, male or female.
* Supratentorial ischemic stroke involving the cortex documented by neurological exam and confirmed by MRI.
* Stroke involving upper extremity.
* Subjects who received thrombolytic therapy may be enrolled and the use of antiplatelet is acceptable.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Any other severe acute or chronic medical or psychiatric condition besides the stroke.
* Women of child bearing potential.
* Uncontrolled hypertension.
Popcorn Lung: the Discovery of a New Disease

Recently, an epidemic of pulmonary disease has been recognized among workers in a popcorn factory in Jasper, Missouri. The exposure agent has not yet been identified, but suspects include butter flavoring and the powdered salt used in the mixing room. This disease resembles "Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome", an illness that makes it difficult to breathe. Of the 117 workers studied, one year later, 25 subjects whom were working in the mixing room or in the microwave packaging area have had decreases in lung function seven times the norm for their age. Industrial hygiene experts revealed that dust concentrations of salt and other flavorings were much higher in the mixing room compared to the office and outdoor work areas. Recently, rats were exposed to vapors created by heating the butter flavor compound obtained from this plant. Six-hour exposure to vapors at very high concentration resulted in significant damage to the breathing apparatus. Thus, there is clinical, epidemiological, and animal toxicity data that appears to implicate some constituent present during the mixing of the butter flavoring, salt, and oil causing a form of obstructive airway disease that has been rapidly progressive in a number of workers. It is not clear what the pathophysiologic nature of this entity is, though it resembles Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome. It is not known what the long term consequence of this will be on the active workers, nor is it clear whether preventive measures taken to reduce exposures in the mixing room and elsewhere in the plant are going to be effective.


Eligibility Criteria:
Current employees who have a decline in FEV1 larger than 200cc within the past year will be eligible to participate. All index cases will be eligible to participate.