Therapeutic Normothermia in TBI

This feasibility trial is the first step in testing the hypothesis that maintenance of normal body temperature, called therapeutic normothermia (TN), for 72 continuous hours in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients can improve cognitive function. The trial aims to answer the following questions:

1. Is it feasible to conduct this study? Conducting the trial includes the ability to identify and enroll appropriate participants, implement TN, and collect the required data.
2. Can the Creyos Health platform cognitive assessment tool be used to assess and quantify cognitive outcomes in TBI patients?

Researchers will address the aforementioned questions by looking at the following factors:

1. Identification and enrollment rates of appropriate patients
2. Implementation of the intervention and appropriate data collection while admitted
3. Accurate follow up and continued data collection post-discharge
4. Accessibility and ease of use of the Creyos Health platform cognitive assessment tool

Participants will undergo the following procedure:

1. Admission to the Critical Care Trauma Centre through the trauma service
2. Allocation to the intervention or no intervention group
3. Implementation of the intervention or of usual care for a continuous 72 hours
4. Completion of the Creyos Health platform cognitive assessment tool at 3 and 6 months post-discharge from the Critical Care Trauma Centre

Therapeutic normothermia (TN) is globally accepted as standard of care in post-cardiac arrest patients to maximize neurologic recovery. Both hypothermia and normothermia have been trialed and were noted to prevent the harmful effects of hyperthermia on intracranial pressures and the cardiovascular system. Normothermia is favored for its improved cardiovascular, hematological, immunological, and metabolic outcomes. In trauma patients specifically, hypothermia (whether therapeutic or accidental) has been shown to result in worse outcomes and increased mortality. Despite this, therapeutic normothermia has never been purposely applied as a primary intervention in TBI patients.

This current study aims to assess the feasibility of conducting a single centre randomized controlled trial of TN versus no TN in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. Patients will be screened and enrolled through the trauma service in the Critical Care Trauma Centre (CCTC).

Patients who consent to enroll in the study will be randomized 1:1 into either the TN or no TN group. Participants allocated to the TN group will immediately commence targeted temperature management for 72 hours, with 4 hourly temperature checks and interventions as indicated. Participants in the no TN group will proceed with standard of care within CCTC. Both groups will be followed at 3 and 6 months post-discharge with cognitive assessments via the Creyos Health platform.

The trial will allow the research team to assess appropriate participant identification and enrollment rates, ease and limitations of intervention implementation, data collection, and post-discharge follow up. The research team will also assess the accessibility and ease of use of the Creyos Health platform in this patient population. In depth primary and secondary outcome measures are outlined elsewhere in the application.

This feasibility trial will be the first step in potentially introducing an evidence based intervention that directly targets cognitive outcomes in the TBI patient population group.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Adult patients (\>= 18 years of age) who present through the LHSC trauma service and have sustained a TBI.
* A Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of 5-12, inclusive, prior to intubation.

Exclusion Criteria:

* GCS at time of presentation of 4 or less or 13 or more.
* Patients not expected to survive 48 hours.
* \>24 hours from injury at time of enrollment.