Adjusted Value of Thromboprophylaxis in Hospitalized Obese Patients: A Comparative Study of Two Regimens of Enoxaparin

Venous thromboembolism (VTE), deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE) is a common medical condition encountered during hospitalization in a medical environment. The use of thromboprophylaxis with Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH) or fondaparinux has reduced more than 50% relative risk of thromboembolic complications.However, while obesity defined by a body mass index (BMI) greater than 30 kg/m2, is a major risk factor for venous thrombotic events, data on obese patients are limited. In fact, less than 20% of patients included in the three major studies of preventive medicine had a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 and most studies specific to the obese population comes from a series of bariatric surgery patients or orthopedic surgery. The main results of this series show regarding the obese population a decrease of the anti-Xa activity during the administration of a standard dose of enoxaparin (40 mg / d). However, no specific recommendation in this population has not been published to date and therefore,the dosages currently used are the same regardless of the patient's weight. In this context, the use in obese patients hospitalized in a medical environment a stronger dosage of enoxaparin (60 mg / d) compared to the standard dose of 40 mg / day, could get rates anti-Xa activity levels more consistent with the treatment required, and thus reduce the risk for thromboembolic complications in these patients


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patient aged ≥ 18 ans.
2. Signed inform consent
3. Obesity defined by a BMI value ≥ 30 kg/m2.
4. Hospitalized for :

   * acute medical affection such as :

     * congestive heart failure (stage III or IV NYHA),
     * severe respiratory disease,
     * Infectious disease or acute rheumatologic disorder or inflammatory bowel disease with one or more additional risk factors, including active cancer, previous VTE, age \> 75 y-o, estrogen therapy, chronic heart failure or chronic respiratory disease
   * or recent myocardial infarction(\< 6 weeks), recent stroke with hemiparesis (\< 15 days), previous VTE, myeloproliferative syndrome associated with one or more additional risk previously cited.
5. Affiliation to a welfare system.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Subjects unwilling or unable to comply with study procedures
2. History of hypersensitivity to enoxaparin heparin induced thrombocytopenia
3. Previous history of heparin induced thrombopenia
4. acquired or inherited bleeding diathesis or coagulopathy,
5. Platelet count \< 50.000 G/L,
6. History of clinically significant bleeding
7. Severe renal insufficiency with CrCl \<30 ml/min (Cockcroft method),
8. Pregnancy or breastfeeding
9. Women without contraceptive methods
10. Severe peripheral arterial disease (Ankle blood pressure \<50mm Hg)
11. Concomitant anticoagulant therapy
12. Severe psychiatric disease
13. History of disease or psychological or sensory anomaly susceptible to prevent the subject to understand indeed the conditions required for his participation to the protocol or preventing him from giving its enlightened consent
14. Person deprived of liberty by an administrative or judicial decision, or person under legal guardianship person
15. Patient participating to a trial or having participated in another medicinal trial within 1 month