Treatment of Pendular Nystagmus in OPT

Pendular nystagmus corresponds to an enduring to and fro eye oscillation without resetting quick phases. The most common causes of acquired pendular nystagmus (APN) are multiple sclerosis (MS) and focal brainstem lesions (oculopalatal tremor, OPT). Based on pathophysiological hypothesis, pharmacological treatments of acquired nystagmus have been thoroughly proposed over different publications of cases, series, reviews or expert opinions. Acquired pendular nystagmus underwent the most rigorous treatment trials, leading to the proposal of gabapentin or memantine as valuable drugs. Whether gabapentin and memantine are effective in APN associated with OPT remains unclear, since none of the previous studies has evaluated the effect of these medications in a group of OPT patients. However, this is an important issue in prospect to a clinical use of these medications. In the current study, the investigators aim is to evaluate the effect of gabapentin and memantine on the mean velocity, amplitude and frequency of pendular nystagmus, as well as on visual acuity and vision-specific health-related quality of life score, in a group of OPT patients


Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Patients with a diagnosis of oculopalatal tremor (OPT), following a focal brainstem lesion.
* All patients may present a chronic acquired pendular nystagmus due to OPT, observed over a period of 6 months.
* All patients will be informed about the design and purpose of the study, and all will give their informed, written consent to the protocol, which may have been approved by the local ethics committee.
* Age: above 18
* Able to understand the instructions
* Having a health coverage
* Able to sit down for 1 hour
* Stable dosage of previous medications (beginning 3 weeks previously and terminating at the end of the trial duration), except gabapentin or memantine.
* For women: efficient contraception during the experimental time and in the two month following treatment withdrawal.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Ophthalmological

  * Other ophthalmological disorder that could impair corrected visual acuity (Maculopathy, Retinopathy...)
* Neurological

  * Ongoing seizure
  * Severe handicap that does not allow sitting down position for 1 hour
* Suicidal behavior or risk
* Treatment

  * Under memantine or gabapentin medication (these medications should have been stopped for at least 1 week for gabapentin and 3 weeks for memantine)
  * Under morphine, N-methyl-D-aspartate such as amantadine, ketamine or dextromethorphan
  * Steroid medication for a current relapse (beginning 3 weeks previously and terminating at the end of the trial duration
  * Known hypersensitivity to memantine or gabapentin
* General

  * Unstable medical state
  * Patient with a galactose intolerance, a lapp lactase deficiency or glucose-galactose malabsorption
  * Moderate renal failure (creatinine clearance \< 50 mL/min on bioassay dated from less than one month)
  * Recent heart infarction (\<3months)
  * Unstable congestive heart insufficiency
  * Unstable arterial hypertension
  * Leucopenia (\<2500/mm3)
  * Transaminase increase (\>5 time normal values)
* Pregnancy (on questioning)
* Tutelage or any legal protection measure