Aspiration Training Given With Different Methods

Parents whose children are in intensive care have to cope with many stressors in terms of psychological, physical, economic and social aspects. Especially during the discharge process, many reasons such as the fact that their children have a chronic disease, need for care, parents do not know how to provide the care their children need, the lack of professional health care teams provided by home care in our country, and therefore the care of the children is covered by the families, increase the anxiety levels of the parents. It increases the frequency of hospitalization of children or prolongs the length of stay in the intensive care unit, as appropriate care cannot be provided. In addition, frequent hospitalizations can cause damage to family dynamics. It has been determined that as the child grows, the difficulties experienced in the care of the child, the financial difficulties increase, the worries about the future and the constant relationship with the experts increase the stress of the parents and the stress is in parallel with the level of hopelessness. This is the factor that reinforces the anxiety and hopelessness in the daily life of parents. The fact that mothers whose children are in intensive care do not know the materials used, the procedures performed, the steps of the procedure, and what situations they will encounter at home may increase their stress-anxiety and hopelessness levels. Today, with the rapid development of technology, the use of educational technologies on the basis of learning and teaching has become widespread in health care education in the field of health, as in every field. It is important to address more than one sense organ in order for the education in the field of health to be more effective. Therefore, it is important to reduce the anxiety and hopelessness levels of the parents, to increase the self-confidence of the parents, to see general (physiological and psychological) improvements in children, and to reduce health costs with the training given to mothers with different education methods. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of aspiration training given by different methods on the level of anxiety and hopelessness of mothers whose children are in intensive care.

Pediatric Intensive Care Units (PICUs) are units that have the necessary technical equipment and materials in order to maintain the life, care and treatment of children aged 1 month to 18 years who are in need of medical care, with one or more organ failure, and to prevent possible complications. It differs from other pediatric services where professional nursing care is provided with close follow-up and treatment.

Diseases admitted to the PICU include sepsis, status epilepticus, Central Nervous System infection, hepatic coma, animal bites/stings, traumas, intracranial hemorrhage, suffocation, electric shock, and meningococcemia, with the most common pulmonary infection being the most common. Hospitalization of the child for reasons such as illness, accident or injury can cause significant changes in almost the entire life of the family and cause anxiety. The fact that children's illnesses and injuries require hospitalization in intensive care makes the stress more traumatic. Being a member of the intensive care team, nurses, being aware of the stress sources of the parents whose children are hospitalized in the PICU and knowing their reactions can help them to cope with this situation.

There are no professional home care teams in our country to provide home care for children with special needs dependent on medical devices. Therefore, the care needs of these patients are met by their families after discharge. During the rehabilitation process of children with special care needs, the family may have to perform the duties of health professionals such as administering medication or oxygen therapy in general, performing routine maintenance and replacing tracheostomy tubes, maintaining airway patency, maintaining and replacing nasogastric tubes. After discharge, doing these cares takes a large part of the parents' attention, time and costs. It can cause stress, anxiety, and fear. Another factor affecting the anxiety levels of families after discharge is that they do not feel adequately equipped and educated for their children's care at home (aspiration, mechanical ventilator support, etc.), they do not know what to do in an emergency, they do not receive home health care services or they cannot reach enough. These are situations such as fear of being harmed at home because they think that their children are more sensitive and prone to getting sick than other children.

There are factors that prevent parents with special needs children from coping with the negative emotions they experience while raising their children, and one of them is their hope-level cognition and sensory status. This situation may be the factors that turn his daily life into anxiety and reinforce his hopelessness. Parents need to receive some training from nurses in order to fully care for their children who need special care. It is necessary to inform parents about the development of their child's self-care skills, to increase their ability to manage stress and to solve problems, and to encourage parents with the educational content prepared by determining the functions that the child needs care for.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* Having aspiration application in the treatment of the child
* Parent's ability to read and speak Turkish
* Parent's willingness to participate in the study
* Parent over 18 years of age
* The child has reached the discharge stage
* The mother has not done aspiration before
* Hospitalization of the child in the intensive care unit between the working dates

Exclusion Criteria:

* Variation of the child's health status during education
* Parent has a mental illness