Drama-supported Patient Role Experience of Nursing Students

"Empathy", one of the skills required by the nursing profession, has an important place in the patient-nurse relationship. Considered as the most basic motivation of altruistic behaviour, empathy requires recognizing the emotional states of others and understanding their needs. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of drama-supported "patient role" experience on nursing students' empathy and altruism levels. Method: This research was designed as a pretest-posttest regular parallel-group, randomized controlled experiments. The research will be carried out with students studying in Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Nursing, 2nd grade, without a history of hospitalization and chronic disease and who agreed to participate in the research. Data will be collected using the Datasheet, Altruism Scale, and Jefferson Empathy Scale for Nursing Students (JESNS). The data will be analyzed in the SPSS program.

This research was designed as a pretest-posttest regular parallel-group, a randomized controlled experimental study to determine the effect of drama-supported "patient role" experience on nursing students' empathy and altruism levels.

The hypotheses of the research; H1_0: The nursing students' empathy levels who experienced the drama-supported "patient role" were not different from those in the control group.

H1_1: The nursing students' empathy levels who experienced the drama-supported "patient role" were different from those in the control group.

H2_0: The altruism levels of the nursing students who experienced the drama-supported "patient role" were not different from those in the control group.

H2_1: The altruism levels of the nursing students who experienced the drama-supported "patient role" differed from those in the control group.

The place and features of the research:

The research will be carried out at Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Nursing. There is a nursing practice skill laboratory consisting of 3 rooms and ten beds in the faculty building. Accordingly, it is appropriate to research a laboratory environment.

Study group:

The study group consists of second-year students (N=158) studying at Necmettin Erbakan University, Faculty of Nursing, Department of Nursing in the 2021-2022 academic year.

The ethical dimension of research Necessary permissions were obtained from Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Medical Faculty, Non-Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Research Ethics Committee (date/decision no: 22.05.2020/2536) and Necmettin Erbakan University Nursing Faculty for the implementation of the study. Written permission was obtained from Aygül Yanık, who conducted the Jefferson Empathy Scale for Nursing Students (2014). Written permission was obtained from Mr Ümmet, Ekşi, and Otrar, who developed the Altruism Scale (2013). Informed Consent will be obtained from the students participating in the research before starting the application. After the implementation of the study, training on empathy and altruism in nursing will be organized, and a certificate of participation will be given to all students participating in the research.

Data collection:

The data of the research will be collected between November 2021 and February 2022. Students who accept the study will fill out the datasheet, Altruism Scale (pretest) and Jefferson Empathy Scale for Nursing Students (pretest) in the classroom environment. Students will be randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups, stratified by gender (random.org will generate random numbers). Students in the intervention group will attend 3-hour drama workshops before the "patient role" experience. After the students experience the patient role under the supervision of researchers in the skills laboratories of Necmettin Erbakan University Nursing Faculty, they will refill the Altruism Scale and the empathy scale as a posttest (1 month after the intervention). The scales will be filled again at the end of the 3rd month to monitor the change in the empathy and altruism levels of the students. Students in the control group will fill out the Introductory Characteristics Form, the Altruism Scale and the Empathy Scale simultaneously with the intervention group, without any intervention, and then the Altruism Scale and the Empathy Scale at the end of the 1st and 3rd months. Due to ethical reasons, after the research data is collected, willing students in the control group will experience the patient role.

Statistical analysis of data:

Parametric or nonparametric tests will be applied according to descriptive statistics such as the number per cent mean standard deviation in the SPSS (Statistical Package For Social Science) program and normality test results of the data. The results obtained will be interpreted according to the significance level of p \<0.05.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* second-year nursing student

Exclusion Criteria:

* have a history of hospitalization
* have a chronic disease
* working as a nurse