Regenerative Potential of a Collagen Membrane Associated or Not to Bovine Bone in Class II Furcation Defects.

Periodontal disease is an infectious-inflammatory disease that accommodates the supporting and supporting tissues of the teeth, with the formation of periodontal pockets, and this destruction can generate anatomical defects in the region of bifurcation. Treatment of these lesions is a challenge for the clinician, as this area has limited access to bacterial biofilm and calculus. The surgical regenerative therapy using bone grafts and membrane may be a viable option in cases of class II furcation defects. In this context, the objective of this case series is to evaluate tomographically and clinically the treatment of class II furcation defects using an absorbable collagen membrane (Bio-Gide® Perio) associated or not with inorganic bovine bone associated with collagen matrix (Bio-Oss® Collagen).

Periodontal disease is an infectious-inflammatory disease that accommodates the supporting and supporting tissues of the teeth, with the formation of periodontal pockets, and this destruction can generate anatomical defects in the region of bifurcation. Treatment of these lesions is a challenge for the clinician, as this area has limited access to bacterial biofilm and calculus. The surgical regenerative therapy using bone grafts and membrane may be a viable option in cases of class II furcation defects. In this context, the objective of this case series is to evaluate tomographically and clinically the treatment of class II furcation defects using an absorbable collagen membrane (Bio-Gide® Perio) associated or not with inorganic bovine bone associated with collagen matrix (Bio-Oss® Collagen). In a parallel design, 22 patients with mandibular class II furcation defects were recruited. Each defect was randomly assigned to the control group (CG - Bio-Gide® Perio, n=11) or test group (TG - Bio-Oss® Collagen + Bio-Gide® Perio, n=11). Tomographic and clinical evaluations were conducted at baseline and 12 months post-surgery. Clinical measurements of clinical attachment level (CAL) and probing depth (PD). Tomographical measurements of horizontal defect dimension (HDD) and vertical defect dimension (VDD) were recorded. In sequence, guided tissue regeneration surgeries were conducted: Then, bone defect were debrided, , the collagen membranes (BioGide Perio®) were trimmed to cover the osseous defects and extended 3 mm apically and laterally to the adjacent bone and sutured with absorbable suture. In the Test Group, the defects were completely filled with bovine bone + porcine collagen (BioOss Collagen®). The flaps were then coronally positioned until completely covering the membranes and sutured. Shapiro-Wilk test was used to evaluate normality of the data, and showed a normal distribution. Then, t-Test was selected for inter-group and intragroup comparisons. Trans-surgical measurements were evaluated at Baseline. The other clinical and tomographic parameters were evaluated at Baseline and 12 months. For all analyzes, p \<0.05 was considered.

Eligibility Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

* subjects with a diagnosis of periodontitis, Stage III and Grade A (according to the 2018 international classification criteria);
* presence of one mandibular molar with class II buccal furcation defect;
* non-smokers;
* plaque index \<20%.

Exclusion Criteria:

* patients that presented systemic diseases;
* patients that had taken antibiotics in the past 6 months prior to surgical procedures;
* pregnant women or lactating mothers;
* furcation involvement in molars with periapical disease;
* cervical restorations or prosthesis closer than 1 mm to fornix.