cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
UMnyango Wezokuthuthukiswa Komphakathi (eNingizimu Afrika)
Inkinga yezibonelelo
UDlamini wayelulekwe ngo-Okthoba 2016 ukuthi i-DSD yaphoqeleka ukuthi ibambe iqhaza kumathenda okuncintisana, ngakho-ke ayikwazanga ukusayina isivumelwano neCPS; waziswa ukuthi inkinga yenkxaso futhi ayisona isizathu sokuqhubeka nokusebenzisa i-CPS, ngoba isimo esiphuthumayo sase sizenzele sona; futhi wathola nombono wezomthetho ovela kummeli omkhulu uWim Trengove wokuthi inkontileka ye-CPS esekhona ayikwazi ukunwetshwa ngokomthetho kwazise iNkantolo Yomthethosisekelo ibisivele ingayisebenzisi ngokusemthethweni.
NgoDisemba 2016, i-SASSA yabuye yalulekwa ukuthi yazise iNkantolo Yomthethosisekelo ngobunzima bayo, "ukuthi ibhekene nethemba elingajwayelekile lokungena enkontilekeni yomunye unyaka ne- [CPS]". I-Ejensi yalinda kwaze kwaba ngumhla zingama-28 kuNhlolanja wezi-2017 ukuze ifake isicelo, esivele yahoxa ngakusasa, isebenzisa incwadi eyayibhalwe ngayizolo.
NgoFebhuwari 2017, i-SASSA yatshela ikomidi lephalamende lezentuthuko yezenhlalakahle ePhalamende ukuthi laliqhamuka nemizamo yokuthola izixazululo zokusebenza zokukhokha izibonelelo zikahulumeni, lathi indlela kuphela yokwenza izinkokhelo zesibonelelo sikahulumeni kusuka ngo-Ephreli ukunamathela kumhlinzeki wesevisi onenkontileka yakhe kuthiwe ayisebenzi.
UZodwa Mvulane wakwa-SASSA utshele iPhalamende ekuqaleni kukaMashi 2017 ukuthi ubunzima bezomthetho obungaphezu kwamandla akhe buyeke i -Agency isikhathi esincane kakhulu sokuqeda i-CPS, wathi "banonyaka kuphela, kusukela ngoSepthemba 2015, wokulungiselela ukuba ngumphathi wenkokhelo". Kodwa-ke, i-SASSA yaqala ukulungiselela isisombululo se-post-CPS ngoDisemba, "yenza okuncane noma ingenzi lutho kuze kube yileso sikhathi"; ikomiti eliyeluleka ukuthi kuze kube yileso sikhathi belinganakwa iminyaka. Ngenkathi i-SASSA itshela iPhalamende ukuthi ayinasikhathi esanele, ibiphinde yafaka isicelo eNkantolo yoMthethosisekelo ukuthi ngeke idinge i-CPS ngonyaka ngemuva konyaka wezimali ka-2017/2018 — ephikisana nencwadi eyathunyelwa nguDlamini, eyathunyelwa ngomhlaka 2 kuFebhuwari, ethi iCPS ayisadingeki ekupheleni kuka-2019, futhi enye incwadi yathunyelwa ngesonto kamuva yisikhulu esiphezulu se-SASSA uThokozani Magwaza, esathi inkontileka neCPS izosebenza kuze kube nguNovemba 2018 kuphela — zombili ezinde kunonyaka.
IBlack Sash Trust, ngokumelwa yiCentre for Applied Legal Studies, yethule isicelo eNkantolo yoMthethosisekelo, sayicela ukuba iphoqe uDlamini noSASSA ukuthi bathathe izinyathelo ezidingekayo zokuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lwezibonelelo zikahulumeni kanye nabazuzi bayo bavikelekile lapho kuphela isivumelwano seCPS ngomhlaka 31 Mashi.Ngomhlaka 6 Mashi 2017, inkontileka neCash Paymaster Services yavuselelwa, futhi nomyalelo weNkantolo Yomthethosisekelo wokungasebenzi mayelana naleso sivumelwano waphinde wamiswa, wenzela omunye unyaka. INkantolo yabamba ukuthi alikho iqembu “elalinesicelo sokuthola inzuzo ngokuhlaselwa kwamalungelo abantu okusongelwayo” kodwa futhi yaqonda nokuthi iCPS kwakungeke kulindeleke ukuthi ilethe izibonelelo ngokulahlekelwa; ngakho-ke iyalele i-CPS ukuthi iqhubeke nokuletha izibonelelo zikahulumeni ngentengo efanayo eyayiyithole ngo-2012.
INkantolo Yomthethosisekelo ithole ukuthi "abaphathi be-SASSA" bebazi kusukela ngo-Ephreli 2016 ukuthi abakwazanga ukuhambisana nesibopho sabo abasenze eNkantolo phambilini sokuthi bazokwazi ukukhokha izibonelelo zikahulumeni kusuka ngomhlaka 1 Ephreli 2017.INkantolo yoMthethosisekelo ibambe uDlamini ngokuyinhloko ebhekene nale nkinga,noMphathi wamaJaji uMogoeng Mogoeng ethi ayikho incazelo ngokuntula ikhono okwenziwe nguye kanye ne-SASSA.Ngokusho kwesazi somthethosisekelo uPierre de Vos, iNkantolo yoMthethosisekelo ibisiphethe ngokuthi iSASSA noDlamini bebengathenjwa ukuthi benze umsebenzi wabo ogunyazwe ngumthethosisekelo wokuqinisekisa ukulethwa kwezibonelelo zikahulumeni, futhi ngeke bathembeke ukuthi bangaqambi amanga ezinkantolo ngokuzayo.
Phakathi konyaka wezi-2013 kuya kowezi-2017, iDSD yachitha u-R30 million ezindlekweni zokudluliswa kwezomthetho okubandakanya i-SASSA.
Ukubanjwa okungagunyaziwe
Ngo-2004, i-DSD yachibiyela iSocial Assistance Act ukuze kungavunyelwa noma ngubani ngaphandle komhlomuli ukuthi adonse imali kwi-akhawunti yakhe.
Kodwa-ke, izikhalazo eziyi-10,262 mayelana nokudonswa kwemali zenziwa phakathi kuka-Ephreli 2015 noMashi 2016, kanti i-DSD uqobo lwayo yathi "kule minyaka emibili kuya kwemithathu edlule" ibilokhu ilwa nokuholelwa okungekho emthethweni kwezibonelelo zikahulumeni. Ukudonswa kwemali okungagunyaziwe kwafunwa yi-CPS ukukhokhela izimalimboleko zeMoneyline ezingekho, nokuthengiswa kwe-airtime nogesi.
NgoJuni 2016, i-SASSA, iBlack Sash, kanye ne-Association of Community Advice Office (ACAOSA) bavulela abaqondisi be-CPS ne-Grindrod Bank amacala obugebengu, bethi lezi zinkampani zombili zazingasebenzisi imithetho echitshiyelwe ngaphansi koMthetho Wokusiza Komphakathi, okuyizichibiyelo ziphoqe izinkampani ukuthi zingadonsi imali kuma-akhawunti wabazuzi besibonelelo sezenhlalakahle yezinsizakalo zezezimali.Amacala obugebengu amiswa kuze kube u-Okthoba, lapho abakwaNet1 babezocaciselwa yiNkantolo eNkulu ngemithetho.Esitatimendeni esifungelwe esifakwe eNkantolo eNkulu yaseNyakatho neGauteng, uBlack Sash ucele inkantolo ukuthi ivimbe ama-akhawunti esibonelelo sikahulumeni ukuze kuvikelwe abazuzi besibonelelo ekuxhashazweni noma ekuhlukunyezweni, nasekuvikeleni izinkampani ekufuneni abahlomulayo ezindaweni zokukhokha ze-SASSA—izinkambiso iBlack Sash neDSD abasola iNet1 nezinkampani ezingaphansi kwayo ngokuthi bayayikhuthaza.
ICentral Drug Authority
ICentral Drug Authority (CDA) yasungulwa ngonyaka we-1992, ngaphansi kwesigaba 2 se- Prevention and Treatment of the Drug Dependency Act. Imisebenzi yayo esemqoka ukwenza uhlelo lweNational Drug Master Plan; ukweluleka uNgqongqoshe Wezokuthuthukiswa Komphakathi ezindabeni ezithinta ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa nezidakamizwa; kanye nokukhuthaza izindlela eziphathelene nokuvinjelwa nokuncishiswa kwezidakamizwa.
Ukugxekwa
Kusukela ngeminyaka yama-1990, izinsizakalo zezenhlalakahle zabelwe u-10% wesabelomali soMnyango jikelele. Ngokusho komcwaningi uLisa Vetten, ukwenyuselwa amaholo kubasebenzi bakahulumeni boMnyango bekuhlale kuphakeme kakhulu kunokwehla kwamandla emali kule minyaka eyi-10 edlule; lokhu kwenyuka kunciphise isabelomali sokuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo, futhi kunciphise nokuxhaswa kwemali emkhakheni wezinhlangano ezingekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni (NGO). Uthi ukuxhaswa ngemali kudale uhlelo lokunakekelwa olunezinhlangothi ezimbili, lapho izinsizakalo zikahulumeni zinemithombo engcono kakhulu kunezinye zezinhlangano ezizimele. Okunye okwenza isimo sama-NGO sibe sibi ukukhokhelwa kwabo yimixhaso sekwedlule isikhathi.
Isele lasesihlabathini laseNatalia
Isele lasesihlabathini laseNatali (Tomopterna natalensis) yiselesele.
Meket
IMeket yi-woreda engaphansi kwesifundazwe se Amhara, e-Itiyopiya.
Rumbek
IRumbek yidolobha eliyisiqongo sesifundazwe se Lakes, eNingizimu Sudan.
IMbudle
Imbudle ingumdwambu owaziwayo ogabe ngokuba nezidlikithi (superpowers), namakhono angaphezu kwawabantu abavamile, futhi ineqhaza elifana neleqhawe, elibamba ngokusebenzisa amandla ayo ukusiza ekwenzeni umhlaba ube indawo engcono, noma ngokuzinikezela ekuvikeleni abantu nasekulwiseni ubugebengu. Inganeko yembudle (Superhero fiction) iwuhlobo lwenganeko egxile kumdwambu onjalo, ikakhulu kusuka ngeminyaka yowe-1930, ezincwadini zamafuzamuntu (comic books) zaseMelika (kamuva nasemibukisweni yase-Hollywood, yamalando, nemifeketho kamabobakude neyeBukwa), kanye nazinsizakusakaza zaseJaphani (ezihlanganisa ikamishibai, itokusatsu, imanga, ne-anime)
IDelportshoop
IDelportshoop yidolobha eliseNyakatho Kapa, eNingizimu Afrika.
Oued Melliz
I-Oued Melliz ngumasipala futhi yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Jendouba, eThuniziya.
UTC+12:45
I-UTC+12:45 wuhlobo lwesikhathi sendawo esingaphambili ngamahora ayishuminambili nemizuzu engamashumi amane nanhlanu (+12:45) esikhathini somhlaba.
Ben Badis District (Sidi Bel Abbès)
IBen Badis yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Sidi Bel Abbès, e-Aljeriya.
I-Black Panther: Wakanda Forever
I-Black Panther: I-Wakanda Forever umbukelo wembudle waseMelika yango -2022 esekelwe kumlingiswa we- Marvel Comics u- Black Panther. Udidiyelwe umshumanqa i-Marvel Studios futhi wasabalaliswa i-Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, ulandela i-Black Panther (2018) futhi ungumbukelo wama-30 ohlwini lwe-Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). Uqobdiswe nguRyan Coogler, obhale lomdlalo ekanye noJoe Robert Cole, lombukelo unezinkakha zombukelo ezilandelayo; uLetitia Wright, uLupita Nyong'o, uDanai Gurira, yWinston Duke, uFlorence Kasumba, uDominique Thorne, uMichaela Coel, uTenoch Huerta, uMartin Freeman, uJulia Louis-Dreyfus, kanye no-Angela Bassett. Kulombukiso, abaholi baseWakanda balwela ukuvikela isizwe sabo emva kokukhathama kweNkosi uThi'shala.
Agago District
I-Agago yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Northern, eYuganda. Isiqongo salesifunda yi-Agago.
IWasbank
IWasbank yidolobha eliKwaZulu-Natali, eNingizimu Afrika.
Sun-El Musician
USanele Sithole (owazalwa ngoMashi 28, 1989 ), owaziwa kakhulu ngegama lesiteji sakhe uSun-El Musician, ungumdidiyeli waseNingizimu Afrika, umdidiyeli womculo nombhali wezingoma.Wazalelwa futhi wakhulela eMooi River, KwaZulu-Natal, wayenguphrojusa weDemor Music ngaphambi kokusungulwa kwenkampani yakhe yokuqopha i-EL World Music.
Waduma ngo-2016 ngemuva kokukhipha ingoma yakhe eyodwa ethi "Akanamali", eyaba nenombolo engu-1 kuShazam .I-albhamu yakhe yokuqala i- Africa To The World, ekhishwe ngo-2018, enezingoma ezithi "Ntaba Ezikude", "Bamthathile", "Sonini", eziqinisekiswe kabili nge-platinum yiRiSA.
I-albhamu yakhe yesibili yesitudiyo To the World & Beyond, ikhishwe (2020). KuWorld & Beyond bekuqukethe izingoma ezimbili ezidayisa i-platinum: "Into Ingawe" kanye "Ubomi Abumanga".
Impilo nomsebenzi
USithole ufunde eNyuvesi yaKwaZulu-Natali futhi washiya phansi ngo-2007.
2016-2019: i- Afrika emhlabeni
NgoMeyi 21, 2017, uSun-El Musician wakhipha ingoma yakhe yokuqala ethi "Akanamali" eyayinomculo uSamthing Soweto,eyaba yimpumelelo kwezentengiselwano, yaqinisekiswa ngeplathinamu,yaphakama yaba ngu- # 1 eshadini likaShazam eNingizimu Afrika.
Abangabodwana; "Sonini", "Bamthathile", kanye no "Ntab'Ezikude" bonke bahambe kabili ngeplathinamu kwiReciding Industry of South Africa (RiSA) nethi "No Stopping Us" okukhona kuyo iS-Tone yahamba negolide.NgoJuni 2, 2018, ingoma yakhe eyodwa ethi "Akanamali" yamthola izindondo ezi-3 kuma- 24th South African Music Awards, kufaka phakathi iBest Collaboration, Highest Airplay Song kanye neHighest Airplay Composer.
Ngo-Ephreli 20, 2018, i-albhamu yakhe yokuqala i- Africa To The World yakhishwa kulandwa uSimmy, Desiree Dawson, Mlindo the Vocalist, S-Tone, Samthing Soweto, Lelo Kamau, Nontu X, Les-Ego. I-albhamu ishaye u- # 1 ku-Apple Music Chart naku-iTunes Chart ngokulandelana futhi yaqokwa kuma- 25th South African Music Awards ngoJuni 1, 2019, futhi yaqinisekiswa njengegolide yiRecording Industry of South Africa (RISA) ngoSepthemba 9, 2020.
Ngo-May 23, 2019, waqala i-El World Music Experience eNingizimu Afrika, ehambisana noSimmy, Claudio, Siya Shezi kanye noDJ, DJ Cya, Mthunzi, S-Tone, Kyotic, DJ Mondy, Lorenzo DJ noDJ F-Eazy.
2020-okwamanje: KuMhlaba & Beyond
NgoDisemba 3, 2020, kukhishwe i-To the World & Beyond, okukhona kuyo abaculi abaningi okubalwa kubo, Kwesta, Azana, Simmy, Mthunzi, S-Tone, Kenza, Msaki, Ami Faku, "Uhuru" is the single single featuring Azana, followed by "Ubomi Abumanga" equkethe uMsaki ekhishwe ngoMeyi 29, 2020.NgoJuni 2019, kwakhululwa ingoma eyodwa ethi "Into Ingawe" eyayinama- Ami Faku futhi yaqinisekiswa nge-platinum eyimbili yimboni yokuqopha yaseNingizimu Afrika (i-RiSA).
Emcimbini wama-27 wama - South African Music Awards To the World and Beyond, uthole iziphakamiso njenge-albhamu yeBest Dance noMale Artist of the Year.
Emcimbini wesi -6 weMzansi Kwaito neHouse Music Awards uthole ukuqokwa kweBest DJ.
NgoJulayi 5, 2021, wamemezela ingoma entsha enesihloko esithi "Portia's Chant" ku-Facebook. Ingoma ikhishwe ngoJulayi 9, 2021.
NgoJuni 16, 2021, wakhipha ingxube enwetshiwe yengoma yakhe eyodwa ethi "Akanamali".
IBethulie
IBethulie yidolobha elincane eliseFuleyisitata, eNingizimu Afrika.
Isele lasesihlabathini likaTandy
Isele lasesihlabathini likaTandy (Tomopterna tandyi) yiselesele.
Ithumbu (isidlulisi ketshezi)
Ithumbu, isiqongqolozi esilihoshoba esisetshenziselwa ukuthwala uketshezi (kanye nohowo) noma sisetshenziselwa ukuvikela izintambo zokukhanya noma izindophi zamazuba.
Igama elithi 'ithumbu' lihumusha womabili amagama athi pipe and tube ngaphandle kokuhlukanisa izinga lobuqatha nokungagugi ngokushesha, kuyilapho elithi "ithumbu lamanzi" lona lihumushe elithi hose, okuvame ukuba ithumbu eliphatheka kalula nelibhengcezayo. Ithumbu lingacaciswa kahle ngendinganiso yobungako balo, isb,. ubungako bomklamo wethumbu, noma ibangandilinga langaphandle noma ngaphakathi noma ungqimba lodonga lwalo. Imiyinge yangempela yethumbu ivame ukungabi imiyinge yomklamo walo:
Mzimba
IMzimba yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Northern, eMalawi.
Igama lokuhweba
Igama lokuhweba, igama lokuhweba, noma igama lebhizinisi igama elisetshenziswa yizinkampani ezingafuni ukusebenza ngaphansi kwegama labo elibhalisiwe. Igama lalolu hlobo lwegama elihlukile igama lebhizinisi "eqanjiwe". Ukubhalisa igama elingelona iqiniso nenhlangano kahulumeni efanelekile kuyadingeka kaningi.
Alebtong District
I-Alebtong yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Northern, eYuganda. Isiqongo salesifunda yi-Alebtong.
Igama lokuhweba
Inkampani ngokuvamile isebenzisa igama lokuhweba ukwenza ibhizinisi isebenzisa igama elilula kunokuba isebenzise igama labo elisemthethweni nelivame ukwandiswa. Amagama okuhweba asetshenziswa futhi lapho igama elikhethile lingabhaliswa, imvamisa ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi selivele libhalisiwe noma lifana kakhulu negama elibhalisiwe.
Izici zomthetho
Amagama ebhizinisi aqanjiwe awakhi izinhlaka zomthetho ezihlukile. Umehluko phakathi kwegama elisemthethweni elibhalisiwe negama lebhizinisi eliqanjiwe, noma igama lokuhweba, kubalulekile ngoba amagama ebhizinisi aqanjiwe kungenzeka angahloniphi njalo ibhizinisi elibhekene ngokusemthethweni. Izivumelwano zomthetho ezifana nezinkontileka zivame ukwenziwa kusetshenziswa igama elisemthethweni lebhizinisi; futhi igama elisemthethweni kufanele lisebenzise noma nini lapho umuntu emangalela noma elethwa amacala.
EsiNgisini, amagama okuhweba ngokuvamile aphathwa njengezibizo ezifanele.
IKhanada
Kweminye imithetho yaseCanada, njenge-Ontario, lapho usomabhizinisi ebhala igama lokuhweba kwisivumelwano, invoice, noma isheke, kumele futhi afake igama elisemthethweni lebhizinisi.
Izinkampani ezinenombolo zivame ukusebenza njengento engeyona igama lazo elisemthethweni, elingaqondakali emphakathini.
ITshile
ITshile, igama lokuhweba laziwa njengegama lokure de fantasía ('iphupho' noma igama elithi 'oqanjiwe'), futhi igama elisemthethweni lebhizinisi libizwa ngokuthi i-razón social (igama lomphakathi).
IBrazili
IBrazili, igama lokuhweba laziwa njenge-fantasia enhle, futhi igama elisemthethweni lebhizinisi libizwa ngokuthi i-razão social.
IJaphani
IJaphani, igama elithi yazō (屋 号) liyasetshenziswa.
Singapore
Singapore, asikho isidingo sokugcwaliswa kwegama "lokuhweba njengegama", kepha kunezidingo zokudalulwa kwebhizinisi eliyisisekelo noma igama lenkampani elibhalisiwe nenombolo yebhizinisi ehlukile.
Umbuso Ohlangeneyo
Umbuso Ohlangeneyo, asikho isidingo sokugcwaliswa kwegama "lokuhweba njengegama", kepha kunezidingo zokudalulwa kwegama langempela lomnikazi kanye nemikhawulo ethile ekusetshenzisweni kwamagama athile.
Menzi Nkambule
ICyodata (phambilini ebaziwa ngokuthi yiCybatar) yinkampani yezobuchwepheshe ethuthukisa, ekhiqizayo, enikeze amalayisense, esekela, futhi ithengise imikhiqizo nezinsizakalo zefu ezengezwe inani.
IsiKrowati
IsiKrowati (hrvatski jezik) singulimi lwaseKrowati.
Igama lokuhweba
IMelika
Izidlanzana zemibuso yase-U.S, kufaka phakathi iWashington, zisasebenzisa igama elithi ukuhweba ukubhekisela "ekwenzeni ibhizinisi njengamagama" (i-DBA) amagama; Ezindaweni eziningi zase-U.S., Amabhuku ama-DBA asemthethweni asetshenziswa kwamanye amagama; cishe ingxenye yezifunda, njengeNew York ne-Oregon, zisebenzisa igama elithi Assume Business Igama noma Igama Elaziwa Ngegama; Cishe abaningi, njengePennsylvania, basebenzisa igama elaziwa ngokuthi yi-Fictitious Name.
Menzi Nkambule
ICybatar yasungulwa nguPhiwa Nkambule ngo-Okthoba 2014 ekuqaleni njengenkampani yokuxhumana nabantu kepha washaya inkundla ye- SaaS yezinsizakalo ezifuneka kakhulu ngo-2015.ICybatar ibibambe iqhaza ekuthuthukiseni okunye ukuqala kobuchwepheshe okubandakanya inkampani yobuchwepheshe bezezimali iRiovic .Ngo-2015 inkampani yamemezela Afrika kuqala fuel ukulethwa inethiwekhi ka-eyamukelwa njengobufakazi bokuthi South African osomabhizinisi owayamukele umqondo On Demand Umnotho njengoba ngcono Petroleum Industry uchungechunge lwamanani. Ngemva kwe- FeesMustFall kuqhubeka imibhikisho eNingizimu Afrika, inkampani umkhankaso umfundaze waseyunivesithi Crowdfunding platform kanye umkhankaso ukulondoloza abafundi ezweni lonke ababesezweni yesikole ezikweletini ayebhekene okungafakwa wezimali ngo-2016
Igama lokuhweba
IMelika
Ngenhloso yokuvikelwa kwabathengi, izindawo eziningi zaseMelika zidinga amabhizinisi asebenza ngamagama aqanjiwe ukufaka isitatimende se-DBA, yize amagama afaka igama lokuqala nelokugcina lomnikazi angamukelwa. Lokhu futhi kunciphisa ukuthi kungenzeka kwamabhizinisi amabili endawo asebenza ngaphansi kwegama elifanayo, yize ezinye izinkantolo zinganikezeli ubizo lwegama, noma kungavumela iqembu elingaphezu kwelilodwa ukubhalisa igama elifanayo. Qaphela, noma kunjalo, lokhu akuyona indawo yokufaka isicelo sophawu lwentengiso. Ukugcwaliswa kwe-DBA akukho samba esemthethweni ekumiseni amalungelo wophawu lwentengiso. E-U.S., Uphawu lwentengiso lutholakala ngokusetshenziswa kwezentengiso, kepha kungaba nezinzuzo ezinkulu ekugcwalisweni kwesicelo sophawu lwentengiso. Abaphathi be-Sole ngabasebenzisi abavame kakhulu be-DBAs. Abahlinzeki beSole bangabanikazi bamabhizinisi ngamanye abaqhuba amabhizinisi abo ngokwabo, futhi bavame ukuba babe mancane kumdlalo wamabhizinisi amancane. [Kucashunwa edingekayo] Njengoba abantu abaningi kulezi zimo besebenzisa igama lebhizinisi ngaphandle kwegama labo, [kucashunwa edingekayo] kaningi kuyadingeka bazitholele ama-DBA.
Izitatimende ze-DBA zivame ukusetshenziswa ngokubambisana ne-franchise. Ozimele uzoba negama elingokomthetho elingase limangalele bese limangalela, kodwa liqhube ibhizinisi ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo le-franchiser (umphakathi olwaluzolwamukela). Ngo-4th 261 (2001), lapho ummangalelwa owaziwa ngegama, iRRL Corporation, wayengumthengisi wezimoto weLexus enza ibhizinisi njenge- "Lexus of Westminster", kodwa asala eyibhizinisi elisemthethweni elihlukile kwi-Lexus, uqhekeko lweToyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc.
California, ukufaka isitatimende se-DBA kudinga futhi ukuthi kushicilelwe igama lesibhengezo kumaphephandaba endawo isikhathi esithile esibekiwe ukwazisa umphakathi ngenhloso yomnikazi wokusebenza ngaphansi kwegama elibanjiwe. Inhloso yomthetho ukuvikela umphakathi enkohlakalweni, ngokuphoqa umnikazi webhizinisi ukuthi aqale afake noma abhalise igama lakhe lebhizinisi eliyimfihlo nonobhala wesifunda, bese enza irekhodi lomphakathi ngokuwushicilela ephephandabeni. Ezinye izifundazwe eziningi, ezinjenge-Illinois, nazo zidinga izaziso zokuphrinta.
Tatenda Tsumba
Tatenda Tsumba (owazalwa 12 Novemba 1991) is a Zimbabwean besilisa umsubathi.Ungenele amamitha angama -200 kuma- World Championship ka-2015.
UTC+13:00
I-UTC+13:00 wuhlobo lwesikhathi sendawo esingaphambili ngamahora ayishuminantathu (+13:00) esikhathini somhlaba.
IPakistani
IPakistani (isi-Urdu: پاکِستان Pakistān) izwe lase-Eshiya. Isiqongo sasePakistani iSlamabadi. Ulimi isi-Urdu.
Isele lasezihlahleni elinsundua
Isele lasezihlahleni elinsundu (Leptopelis mossambicus) yiselesele.
ICharles University
ICharles University (Czech: Univerzita Karlova, UK; Latin: Universitas Carolina; German: Karls-Universität), eyaziwa nangokuthi iCharles University ePrague noma ngokomlando njengeNyuvesi yasePrague (Latin: Universitas Pragensis), iyunivesithi endala futhi enkulu kunazo zonke i-Czech Republic. Ingenye yamanyuvesi amadala kunawo wonke eYurophu esebenza ngokuqhubekayo.
Namuhla, inyuvesi inamakhono ayi-17 atholakala ePrague, eHradec Králové, nasePlzeň. I-Charles University ingelinye lamanyuvesi amathathu aphezulu e-Central kanye naseMpumalanga Yurophu. Ibalwa cishe ngama-200–300 emhlabeni.
Leona Theron
U-Leona Valerie Theron (owazalwa ngo-7 Novemba 1966 eThekwini) uyumahluleli eNkantolo YoMthethosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika futhi owake waba yiNkantolo Ephakeme Yokwedlulisa Amacala.
Nimule
INimule yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Eastern Equatoria, eNingizimu Sudan.
Delanta
IDelanta yi-woreda engaphansi kwesifundazwe se Amhara, e-Itiyopiya.
Marhoum District
IMarhoum yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Sidi Bel Abbès, e-Aljeriya.
Isele lasezihlahleni laseNatali
Isele lasezihlahleni laseNatali (Leptopelis natalensis) yiselesele.
I-Black Panther: Wakanda Forever
Amasu wokwenza iselamo (sequel) ahlanganiswa ngemva kokukhululwa kwe-Black Panther ngoNhlolanja wezi-2018. U-Coogler wacela ukuba abiyiselwe njengomdidiyeli, futhi iMarvel Studios yakuqinisekisa ngokusemthethweni ukuthi ithuthukisa iselamo maphakathi nowezi-2019. Izinhlelo zalombukelo zaguquka ngoNcwaba wezi-2020 lapho inkakha yalomdlalo uChadwick Boseman edlula emhlabeni ngenxa yomdlavuza wethumbu, okwenza i-Marvel iqome ukufaka omunye esikhundleni sakhe ukulingisa uThi'shala. Abanye abalingisi abaohambili nabo kwaqinisekiswa ukuba bazobuya ngoLwezi, futhi nesihloko samenyezelwa ngolwezi wezi2021. Ukuqopha kwasungula ekuoheleni kukaNhlangulana kuya ekuqaleni kukaLwezi ngiwezi-2021, e-Atlanta nase-Brunswick, eGeorgia, kanye nase-Massachusetts, ngaphambi ngokukhawulwa okwavumela uwakwa-Wright  ukuba alulame ekulimaleni akuthole lapho beqopha. Ukuqopha kwasungula futhi maphakathi noMasingana wezi-2022 futhi kwaqedelwa ekupheleni kuMbasa e-Puerto Rico.
I-Black Panther: Wakanda Forever yaleketha eShashalazini El Capitan nelase-Dolby e-Hollywood zingama-26 kuMfumfu, 2022, futhi wakhululwa eMelika zingu-11 kuLwezi, 2022, ngjengombukelo ophelele wesigaba sesine se-MCU. Lombukelo wathola ukubuyekezwa okuhle kubagxeki, bedumisa ukuqondisa kuka-Coogler, uchunge lokwenzekayo, ukudidiyelwa nokuklanywa kwengqephu, ukudlala kwabalingisi (ngokukhethekile uWright, uBassett, uGurira, noHuerta), ukugqama kwemizwelo, ukuhlangana komculo, nokuhlonipha kwawo uBoseman, nakuba isikhathi esiwudlayo kanye nendaba isiyonke kuthole ukugxekwa. Lombukelo sewenze isamba esingaphezu kuka $331 emhlabeni wonke.
IsiHausa
Hausa ( /h aʊ s ə / ; Harshen / Halshen Hausa ; Ajami : هَرْشَن هَوْسَ ) wulimi lwesiChadic olukhulunywa ngabantu baseHausa, ikakhulukazi engxenyeni esenyakatho yeNigeria nengxenye eseningizimu yeNiger, kanye nabambalwa abambalwa eChad, Benin naseCameroon Izikhulumi zomdabu zaseHausa, isizwe samaHausa, zitholakala kakhulu eNiger, eNyakatho yeNigeria, eNyakatho yeCameroon naseChad.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ulimi isetshenziswa njengophawu isifanakalo izikhulumi okungezona bomdabu e iningi Northern Nigeria kanye Southern Niger, futhi njengoba ulimi ukuhweba uhlangabezana Swathe emikhulu kakhulu Ntshonalanga Afrika ( Benin, Ghana, Cameroon, Togo, Chad futhi izingxenye ISudan ).
IDouglas, INyakatho Kapa
IDouglas yidolobha eliseNyakatho Kapa, eNingizimu Afrika.
IsiHausa
UHausa uyilungu lomndeni wolimi lwesi-Afroasiatic futhi yilona limi olukhulunywa kakhulu egatsheni laseChadic lalowo mndeni.I-Ethnologue ilinganisele ukuthi ikhulunywa njengolimi lokuqala ngabantu abangaba yizigidi ezingama-47 futhi njengolimi lwesibili kukhulunywa ngezinye izigidi ezingama-25, okwenza isibalo esiphelele sabakhuluma isiHausa sifinyelele ezigidini ezingama-72.Ngokwezibalo zakamuva nje, isiHausa sizokhulunywa ngabantu abayizigidi eziyi-100-150.
ENigeria, imboni yamafilimu ekhuluma isiHausa yaziwa ngokuthi yiKannywood.
Segeg (woreda)
ISegeg noma Sagagyi-woreda engaphansi kwesifundazwe se Somali, e-Itiyopiya.
IsiHausa
Ukuhlukaniswa
IHausa ingeyesigatshana sezilimi zaseWest Chadic seqembu lezilimi zaseChadic, nalo eliyingxenye yomndeni wolimi lwe-Afroasiatic.
Mzuzu
IMzuzu yidolobha futhi yisiqongo sesifundazwe se Northern, eMalawi.
IsiHausa
Ukuhumusha
IsiHausa siveza ukufana okubanzi nomaphi lapho kukhulunywa khona.Kodwa-ke, izazi zezilimi zikhombe izindawo ezinolimi olunenqwaba yezici ezivelele endaweni ngayinye.
Isele lechibi elifishanea
Isele lechibi elifishane (Phrynobatrachus mababiensis) yiselesele.
Alaâ, Thuniziya
I-Alaâ ngumasipala futhi yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Kairouan, eThuniziya.
Ulimi lwezandla lwaseningizimu Afrika
Ulimi Lwezandla LwaseNingizimu Afrika (i- SASL, Suid-Afrikaanse Gebaretaal  Ulimi lwezandla oluyinhloko olusetshenziswa ngabantu abayizithulu eNingizimu Afrika . Uhulumeni waseNingizimu Afrika wengeze uPhiko Lukazwelonke Lwezilimi loLimi Lwezandla LwaseNingizimu Afrika ngo-2001.I-SASL akuyona kuphela ulimi lwezandla olusetshenziswa eNingizimu Afrika kepha yilona limi olukhuthazwayo njengolimi oluzosetshenziswa ngabantu abayizithulu eNingizimu Afrika, yize abantu abayizithulu eNingizimu Afrika ngokomlando musa ukwakha iqembu elilodwa.
Ngo-1995, uMkhandlu Kazwelonke Wezithulu wangaphambilini waseNingizimu Afrika (i-SANCD) waguqulwa waba yi-Deaf Federation of South Africa (DeafSA),okwaholela ekuguqulweni kwenqubomgomo enkulu ezindabeni zabantu abayizithulu eNingizimu Afrika, njenge ukuthuthukiswa nokwamukelwa kolimi lwezandla olulodwa kanye nokukhuthazwa kolimi lwezandla ngaphezu komlomo. Izikole zabayizithulu zihlala zingenazinguquko, kodwa-ke, futhi izikole ezahlukahlukene zezingane eziyizithulu eNingizimu Afrika zisasebenzisa izindlela ezehlukene zolimi lwezandla, futhi ezikoleni eziningi zezithulu ukusetshenziswa kwanoma yiluphi ulimi lwezandla kuyadumazeka noma akufundiswa nje. Kunezinhlelo ezingaba yishumi nambili ezehlukene zolimi olukhulunywa ngomlomo eNingizimu Afrika.
Ngaphezu kwezilimi zezandla zaseNingizimu Afrika, uLimi Lwezandla LwaseMelika (ASL) lusetshenziswa futhi ngabantu abathile abayizithulu eNingizimu Afrika. Izilimi eziningi zezandla zakuleli eNingizimu Afrika zikhombisa umthelela woLimi Lwezandla LwaseMelika.
Ulimi lwezandla luchazwe ngokusobala kumthethosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika, kanti iSouth African Schools Act ivumela ukuthi kufundwe lolu limi esikhundleni solunye ulimi olusemthethweni esikoleni.
Ngo-2011, bekunabahumushi abangama-84 be-SASL kwirejista yabahumushi be-DeafSA, okubandakanya abangu-43 ngaphandle kokuqeqeshwa, abangama-31 asebephothule amahora angu-240 okuqeqeshwa kwabahumushi, kwathi abangu-10 abathole ulwazi olungeziwe lweminyaka emithathu futhi baphothula amanye amahora angama-480 okufunda. Kutolika abayi-7 be-SASL empeleni bagunyazwe yi-SATI / DeafSA. Abahumushi be-SASL bangafaka isicelo sokuqinisekiswa ngaphandle kokuphothula ukuqeqeshwa okusemthethweni ku-SASL.
Isimo
ULimi Lwezandla lwaseNingizimu Afrika alufani ngokuphelele futhi luyaqhubeka nokuguquka. Ngenxa yokusabalala kwendawo kwabasebenzisi bayo kanye nezinqubomgomo zemfundo ezedlule, kukhona izilimi ezithile zasendaweni zoLimi Lwezandla LwaseNingizimu Afrika nezimpawu ezinokuhlukahluka okuningi. Imizamo yangaphambilini yokwenziwa kwempahla eyinkomba nokulinganisa ulimi, njengezincwadi (1980 Ukukhuluma Nezithulu, 1994 Dictionary of SASL ), ingasetshenziswa kuphela njengamarekhodi omlando wolimi. Ukusakazwa kwansuku zonke kwe-TV ngolimi lwezandla kunikeza uLimi Lwezandla LwaseNingizimu Afrika lwanamuhla ubumbano nobunye balo.
UThandiswa Mazwayi
UThandiswa Mazwai (owazalwa ngomhla zingama-31 kuNdasa 1976) ungumculi waseNingizimu Afrika eEastern Cape, futhi ophinde abe ngumdwebi wamazwi ophambili kanye nombhali wengoma weBongo Maffin.
Ulimi lwezandla lwaseningizimu Afrika
Ukuqashelwa okusemthethweni
Kukhulunywa ngolimi lwezandla emithethweni emine yaseNingizimu Afrika, okuyi-Constitution, i-Use of Official Languages Act, i-South African Schools Act, ne-Pan South African Language Board Act.
UThandiswa Mazwayi
Impilo yobusha
UThandiswa wazalelwa eEastern Cape ngoyaka ka 1976 ngenkathi zobucalucalu. Lonyaka kwaku unyaka weSoweto Uprising ngeskathi somzabalazo.Bobabili Abazali bakhe babeyintatheli ngesikathi somzabalazo. Ekukhumbuleni kwakhe,ekhaya kwakugcwele izincwadi futhi babehlala bexoxa ngesimu samapolitiki saleso sikhathi.Ukuya ngaye, lezinto kwayizo ezamenza lomculi anguye namuhla. Izinfundo zakhe zenyuvesi wazenza enyuvesi yaseWitswatersrand lapho afunda khona ubudlewana bamanye amazwe nezimfundo zezincwadi zesingisi. Ubuciko bakhe baphefumulelwe ngumama wakhe,owashona aneminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu, nemibhalo yaka Steve Biko, Chinua Achebe, Frantz Fanon, noKwame Nkrumah.
Ulimi lwezandla lwaseningizimu Afrika
Ukuqashelwa okujwayelekile
UMthethosisekelo uthi ibhodi elibizwa ngePan South African Language Board kufanele lisungulwe ukuze "likhuthaze, futhi lenze imibandela, yokuthuthukisa nokusetshenziswa kolimi lwezandla". Ngokomthetho osungula iPan South African Language Board (Umthetho 59 we-1995), ibhodi lingasungula izinhlangano zolimi ukuze zileluleke "nganoma yiluphi ulimi oluthile, ulimi lwezandla noma ukuxhumana okungeziwe nokwenye ukuxhumana".
Ngokomthetho Wokusetshenziswa Kwezilimi Ezisemthethweni, uMthetho Nombolo 12 wezi-2012, yonke iminyango kahulumeni nezinhlangano zikahulumeni kumele zibe nenqubomgomo yolimi ethi yiziphi izilimi ezibhekwa njengezilimi ezisemthethweni zalelo bhizinisi, futhi inqubomgomo yolimi ngalunye kumele icacise nokuthi umnyango noma inhlangano ihlose ukuxhumana nabantu abalulimi abalukhethayo "ulimi lwezandla lwaseNingizimu Afrika".
Alukho uLimi Lwezandla lwaseNingizimu Afrika noma olunye ulimi lwezandla olungelona ulimi olusemthethweni eNingizimu Afrika. Ngo-2008 iNgqungquthela Yokusebenzisa Inqubomgomo ye-SASL yaqoqa ababambiqhaza abaningi ababalulekile okubandakanya izifundiswa, abacwaningi kanye nothisha, abenzi bezinqubomgomo, abameli kanye nezinhlangano zikahulumeni ukukhuthaza uLimi Lwezandla LwaseNingizimu Afrika ukuze lwaziwe njengolimi olusemthethweni lweshumi nambili lwaseNingizimu Afrika.
Ukuqashelwa kwezemfundo
NgokoMthetho Wezikole waseNingizimu Afrika, uMthetho 84 ka-1996, zonke izikole kumele zibe nenqubomgomo yolimi, nokuthi uma kukhethwa izilimi zenqubomgomo enjalo, "uLimi Lwezimpawu olwaziwayo" kufanele lucutshungulwe kube sengathi lunolimi olusemthethweni kanye ezinye izilimi eziyishumi nanye ezisemthethweni.
Ulimi Lwezandla LwaseNingizimu Afrika lwamukelwa njengezinye zezilimi zokufundisa emfundweni yabafundi abayizithulu.
IsiHausa
Izilimi zesigodi
Western Hausa zezigodi zihlanganisa Sakkwatanci e Sokoto, Katsinanci e Katsina, Arewanci e Gobir, uAdari, Kebbi, futhi Zamfara, futhi Kurhwayanci e Kurfey eNiger. UKatsina ushintsho phakathi kwezigodi zaseMpumalanga nezaseNtshonalanga.ISokoto isetshenziswa emibhalweni eyahlukahlukene yakudala yesiHausa, futhi yaziwa kakhulu njengeClassical Hausa.
Ulimi lwezandla lwaseningizimu Afrika
Izibalo zabantu
Isibalo sabantu abayizithulu eNingizimu Afrika (abantu abayizithulu abangama-600,000 kanye nabantu abayizigidi eziyi-1.4 abanokungezwa ezindlebeni) asinikezi umfanekiso oqondile wenani labantu abakhuluma ngoLimi Lwezandla LwaseNingizimu Afrika. Okwamanje asikho isilinganiso esilinganiswayo sabantu abaxhumana ngolimi lwezandla lwaseNingizimu Afrika. Izilinganiso ziyahlukahluka kakhulu, kusuka kubasebenzisi abayizigidi ezingama-700,000 kuya kwezi-2.Kwenziwa isicelo kuMkhandlu Wokucwaninga Ngezesayensi Yabantu (South Africa) ukuthi bakulinganise lokhu njengengxenye yokubalwa kwabantu okwenzeka ngo-2011. [ idinga ukuvuselelwa ]
Ukupela ngeminwe
Ukupela ngeminwe kuyindlela esetshenziswayo yokusayina esetshenziselwa ukupela izinhlamvu nezinombolo (izinombolo, amakhadinali). Ngakho-ke, ukupela ngeminwe kuyindlela yolimi lwezandla yokuboleka amagama ezilimini ezikhulunywayo, kanye namagama esipelingi abantu, izindawo nezinto. Kuyithuluzi elisebenzayo ukubhekisa egameni elibhaliwe.
Amanye amagama avame ukubhalwa ngeminwe ajwayele ukuba yizimpawu zawo uqobo (abe "yiqhwa"), alandele izinqubo zokuguqulwa kwezilimi njengokufakwa kwe-alphanumeric nesifinyezo.Isibonelo, elinye lamagama ezimpawu eKapa lisebenzisa izinhlamvu ezifakwe iminwe i- CT (ukuguqulwa kwesandla sombhalo ngohlamvu 'C' kuya kuhlamvu 'T' kuzo zombili izihlakala ngokuzungeza ku-eksisi evundlile). Inyanga kaJulayi ivame ukufushaniswa ngokuthi 'JL-Y'.
Amagama abhalwe ngeminwe awathathi indawo yokusebenzisa izimpawu ezikhona:kuthatha isikhathi eside ukusayina futhi kunzima ukukubona. Uma igama elibhalwe ngeminwe liboleka, ukupela ngeminwe kuncike kubo bobabili abasebenzisi abanolwazi lolimi olukhulunywayo (isiNgisi, iSotho, isiBhunu njll. ). Yize amagama afanele (njengegama lomuntu, igama lenkampani) evame ukubhalwa ngeminwe, kuvame ukuba yisinyathelo sesikhashana kuze kube yilapho umphakathi Wezithulu uvumelana ngokushintshwa kwegama leSign.
Amagama ezimpawu nezisho
Amagama ezimpawu yizimpawu ezithile ezihlotshaniswa namagama afanele (indawo, umuntu, inhlangano).Amagama ezimpawu avame ukukhethwa ngokuya ngempahla ebonakalayo. Isibonelo, igama lesibonakaliso likaNelson Mandela lisayinwe kusetshenziswa isandla esiyisicaba se-B esilandela ulayini wezinwele ngaphezulu kwekhanda.Igama lezimpawu zebhange i-ABSA lenziwa ngezandla zombili kulandela ukunyakaza okushiwo ku-logo yenkampani.
Ukuhluka
INingizimu Afrika ingelinye lamazwe ambalwa aqashelwa ngokusemthethweni ulimi lwezandlaCishe kukhona ukwehluka kwesifunda, kepha abasayinayo abavela ezweni lonke bangazwana kalula, njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngokwesibonelo eForamu Yabayizithulu minyaka yonke.
IsiHausa
Izilimi zesigodi
Izigodi zaseNyakatho Hausa zifaka i- Arewa (okusho ukuthi 'iNyakatho') ne- Arewaci.
Ulimi lwezandla lwaseningizimu Afrika
Ukuhluka
Kuyinkolelo evamile kubantu baseNingizimu Afrika, ngisho naphakathi kwabantu baseNingizimu Afrika abayizithulu, ukuthi imiphakathi yezilimi ezahlukahlukene inezilimi zezandla ezehlukene.Lokhu ngokusobala kungumphumela wokuthi Izithulu zingakwazi ukuqonda abahumushi bolimi lwezandla abavela kweminye imiphakathi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi "abahumushi" abanjalo abalusebenzisi ulimi lwezandla, kepha kunalokho basayinda isiNgisi esisayiniwe, isiXhosa esisayiniwe, njll.,Futhi yilabo kuphela abafundiswe la makhodi okufakelwa abangawaqonda.(Bheka ulimi olunamakhodi ngesandla eNingizimu Afrika . )
IsiHausa
Izilimi zesigodi
Zazzaganci e Zazzau kuyinto lwesigodi ezinkulu Southern.
Ulimi lwezandla lwaseningizimu Afrika
Umlando wemfundo yabantu abayizithulu eNingizimu Afrika
Umugqa wesikhathi:
Ngasekuqaleni kuka-1863, izindela zase-Ireland zazibandakanyeka ezinhlelweni zokuqeqesha Izithulu. Ulimi Lwezandla Lwase-Ireland, "ekuqaleni olwaluthonywe kakhulu uLimi Lwezandla LwaseFrance " kuthiwa lube nomthelela obonakalayo ezilimini zezandla emhlabeni, kubandakanya naseNingizimu Afrika.
Ngo-1874 eKapa, isikhungo sokuqala sezithulu esibizwa ngeGrimley Institute for Deaf and Dumb sasungulwa ngowesifazane wase-Irish Deaf ogama lakhe linguBridget Lynne.
IsiHausa
Izigodi ezisenyakatho kanye nokulahleka kwethoni
Izigodi ezisentshonalanga kuya empumalanga yeHausa zeKurhwayanci, iDam agaram ne- Aderawa, zimelela umkhawulo wendabuko osenyakatho kakhulu wemiphakathi yendabuko yamaHausa.Lezi ezikhulunywa enyakatho Sahel futhi mid- Saharan izifunda e entshonalanga nasenkabeni Niger ku Tillabéri, Tahoua, Dosso, Maradi, Agadez futhi Zinder izifunda.Ngenkathi iqondakala ngokunye nezinye izilimi (ikakhulukazi iSakkwatanci, kanye nezinga elincane iGaananci), izilimi ezisenyakatho kakhulu zinokuhluka okuncane kohlelo nolimi ngenxa yokuxhumana njalo namaqembu amaZarma, amaFula, namaTuareg kanye nezinguquko zamasiko ngenxa yokwehluka kwendawo phakathi utshani nezindawo eziwugwadule.Lezi zezigodi futhi babe izinga asemngceleni non-kokuthona iphimbo nokugqamisa zezigodi.
Ulimi lwezandla lwaseningizimu Afrika
Umlando wemfundo yabantu abayizithulu eNingizimu Afrika
Ngo-1881 eWorcester, kwasungulwa isikole sabangesiThulu iDe La Bat.
IsiHausa
Isigodi saseHhana saseHausa
I Ghanaian Hausa lwesigodi (Gaananci), akhulunywa Ghana futhi Togo, kuyinto esihlukile entshonalanga bomdabu Hausa lwesigodi-Bloc nge ngokolimi eyanele yabasebenzi abezindaba atholakalayo.Kukhulunywa izilimi ezincanyana ezihlukene zesiHausa ngenani elingaziwa lamaHausa ngasentshonalanga ezingxenyeni zeBurkina Faso, naseHaoussa Foulane, Badji Haoussa, eGuezou Haoussa, nase- Ansongo izifunda ezisenyakatho-mpumalanga yeMali (lapho kukhulunywa khona njengolimi oluncane ngabaseMaliya government), kepha kuncane kakhulu izinsizakusebenza zolimi kanye nocwaningo olwenziwe kulezi zilimi ezithile ngalesi sikhathi.
IGriekwastad
IGriekwastad yidolobha eliseNyakatho Kapa, eNingizimu Afrika.
Mérine District
IMérine yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Sidi Bel Abbès, e-Aljeriya.
Isele lechibi elihonayoa
Isele lechibi elihonayo (Phrynobatrachus natalensis) yiselesele.
IDewetsdorp
IDewetsdorp yidolobha elincane eliseFuleyisitata, eNingizimu Afrika.
Tatenda Manatsa
ULovemore Tatenda Gumunyu Manatsa (owazalwa ngomhlaka 17 Meyi 1990) ungumdlali wekhilikithi waseZimbabwe.
Ulimi lwezandla lwaseningizimu Afrika
Umlando wemfundo yabantu abayizithulu eNingizimu Afrika
Kusukela ngo-1877, odade baseDominican baqala ukuhlala eduze kweTheku. Ngo-1884, uDade Stephanie Hanshuber waseJalimane wethula indlela yomlomo eNingizimu Afrika.
IBergville
IBergville yindawo eKwaZulu-Natali, eNingizimu Afrika.
INquthu
INquthu yidolobha eliKwaZulu-Natali, eNingizimu Afrika.
Ulimi lwezandla lwaseningizimu Afrika
Umlando wemfundo yabantu abayizithulu eNingizimu Afrika
Ngo-1888 kwavulwa ngokusemthethweni "iKing William's Town Convent School for the Education of the Deaf".
Magema Magwaza Fuze
Magema Magwaza Fuze (1840–1922) wabe engumlobi wokuqala ngolimu lwesiZulu lapho abhala khona incwadi esihloko sithi Abantu Abamnyama Lapa Bavela Ngakona (The Black People and Whence They Came).
I-Edenburg
I-Edenburg yidolobha eliseFuleyisitata, eNingizimu Afrika.
UTC+13:45
I-UTC+13:45 wuhlobo lwesikhathi sendawo esingaphambili ngamahora ayishuminantathu nemizuzu engamashumi amane nanhlanu (+13:45) esikhathini somhlaba.
IsiHausa
Ezinye izilimi zomdabu
IsiHausa siphinde sikhulunywe ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zaseCameroon naseChad, ezihlanganise izilimi ezixubekile zaseNyakatho yeNigeria neNiger.Ngaphezu kwalokho, isi-Arabhu sibe nomthelela omkhulu endleleni isiHausa esikhulunywa ngayo yizikhulumi zomdabu zaseHausa ezikulezi zindawo.
Amolatar District
I-Amolatar yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Northern, eYuganda. Isiqongo salesifunda yi-Amolatar.
Bou Hajla
IBou Hajla ngumasipala futhi yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Kairouan, eThuniziya.
Tatenda Manatsa
Wenza unqambothi yakhe DEBUT ngoba Northerns ngo 2008/09 isizini. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uTatenda wadlalela iMashonaland Eagles kukhilikithi esezingeni lokuqala, kuhlu lwekhilikithi i-List A nakuT20.Wangena eqenjini iZimbabwe A le- series ebhekene ne-Afghanistan ngo-2014.
Bou Hajla
Inhlupheko isezingeni eliphezulu kuledolobha.
IsiHausa
Ama-pidgins asuselwa eHausa
Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze- pidgin zesiHausa. IBarikanchi phambilini yayisetshenziswa ebuthweni lamakoloni eNigeria.IGibanawa njengamanje isetshenziswa kabanzi eJega enyakatho ntshonalanga yeNigeria, eningizimu yendawo yomdabu yaseHausa.
Ongwaqa
IsiHausa sinamaphiko ongwaqa aphakathi kuka-23 no-25 kuya ngesikhulumi. Umehluko wezindlela ezintathu phakathi kwama- /c ɟ cʼ/, plain velars /k ɡ kʼ/, kanye nama- /kʷ ɡʷ kʷʼ/ atholakala kuphela ngaphambi kwesikhathi eside futhi esifushane /a/, isib /cʼaːɽa/ ('utshani'), /kʼaːɽaː/ ('ukwandisa'), /kʷʼaːɽaː/ ('shea-nuts').Ngaphambi konkamisa bangaphambili, kuphela ama- /ciːʃiː/ ('jealous') vs. /kʷiːɓiː/ ('side of body').Ngaphambi konkamisa abayindilinga, kuvela ama- /kʷoːɽaː/ ('ringworm').
Ongwaqa abangamaGlottalic
IsiHausa sinongwaqa abangama-glottalic (implosives nama-ejectives) ezindaweni ezine noma ezinhlanu zokukhuluma (kuya ngolimi).Zidinga ukunyakaza kwama-glottis ngesikhathi sokubiza futhi zinomsindo we-staccato.
Onkamisa
Onkamisa beHausa batholakala ezimfanelweni ezinhlanu zonkamisa abahlukene, zonke ezingaba mfushane noma zinde, zihlanganise ama- monophthong ayishumi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezine (i-diphthongs) ezine, ezinikeza inani eliphelele lama-phonemes angama-14.
Onkamisa abade: /iː, uː, eː, oː, aː/.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nonkamisa abade /i, u/ angafana ngekhwalithi nonkamisa abade, maphakathi nendawo abe [ɪ, ʊ ] noma abe [ɨ, ʉ ].
I-medial /i, u/ ingashintshwa ibe [ɨ ~ ʉ ], ngokuhlanganiswa kuye ngemvelo.
Okumaphakathi /e, o/ kuncishisiwe nge /a/.
I-short /a/ ingacishe ifane ngekhwalithi ye-long /aː/, noma ingaba phezulu njenge- [ ə ], ngezimpawu eziphakathi ezingaba khona ( [ɐ ~ ɜ ] ).
Amathoni
IsiHausa siwulimi olunamathoni. Onkamisa bawo abahlanu ngamunye bangaba nethoni ephansi, ithoni ephezulu noma ithoni ewayo.NgesiHausa esivamile esibhaliwe, ithoni ayimakiwe.Ezinsizakalweni zakamuva zezilimi nezokufundisa, ithoni imakwa ngezimpawu zokubhala.
Ukugcizelela okukhulu ( ´ ) kungasetshenziselwa ithoni ephezulu, kepha umkhuba ojwayelekile ukushiya ithoni ephezulu ingamakiwe.
UTC+14:00
I-UTC+14:00 wuhlobo lwesikhathi sendawo esingaphambili ngamahora ayishuminane (+14:00) esikhathini somhlaba.
Wadla (woreda)
IWadla yi-woreda engaphansi kwesifundazwe se Amhara, e-Itiyopiya.
Sthembiso Ntombela
USthembiso Nkanyiso Sboniso Ntombela noma uSthembiso Ntombela (owazalwa ngomhlaka 21 Mashi 1982)ungumdlali webhola lezinyawo waseNingizimu Afrika (umdlali wasemuva ) odlala njengamanje kwiPSAP Sigli.
Isele lechibi lasempumalanga Afrika
Isele lechibi lasempumalanga Afrika (Phrynobatrachus acridoides) yiselesele.
Ixoxo elifishane
Ixoxo elifishane (Poyntonophrynus fenoulheti) yiselesele.
Ukunikela ngesidoda
Ukunikela kwesidoda ukuhlinzekwa yindoda yesidoda sayo ngenhloso yokuthi isetshenziswe ekufakweni kwesidalwa okufakelwayo noma okunye 'ukwelashwa kokuzala' kowesifazane noma kwabesifazane abangabalingani bakhe bezocansi ukuze bakhulelwe nguye.Lapho ukukhulelwa kufinyelela esigabeni esigcwele, lowo onikela ngesidoda uzoba ngubaba wengane yazo zonke izingane ezizalwe ngeminikelo yakhe.
The man is known as a 'sperm donor' and the sperm he provides is known as 'donor sperm' because the intention is that the man will give up all legal rights to any child produced from his sperm, and will not be the legal father.
IHartswater
IHartswater yidolobha eliseNyakatho Kapa, eNingizimu Afrika.
Ukunikela ngesidoda
Ukunikela kwesidoda kungaziwa nangokuthi 'umnikelo wesidoda'.Indoda inikela ngesidoda sayo kepha inhloso yomnikelo ukuthi ama-gametes akhe aqukethwe ngaphakathi kwesidoda, okungukuthi amaseli wesidoda, asetshenziselwe ukuhlinzekela ukukhulelwa kwabantu besithathu.
Ukuhlinzekelwa
Umnikeli wesidoda anganikela ngesidoda ngasese noma ngebhange lesidoda, i-ejensi yesidoda, noma elinye ilungiselelo lokuhweba.Iminikelo evela kubanikeli abazimele ivame ukwenziwa kusetshenziswa ukufakelwa isidoda okufakelwayo.
Ngokuvamile, owesilisa ohlinzeka ngesidoda njengomuntu onikela ngesidoda unikela ngawo wonke amalungelo asemthethweni namanye amalungelo ngaphezu kwezingane ezizalwayo ezikhiqizwe esidunjini sakhe.Ukuhlelwa kwangasese kungavumela izinga elithile lobuzali ngokubambisana yize lokhu kungeke kube 'ukunikela kwesidoda', futhi ukuphoqelela kwalezo zivumelwano kuyahluka ngokwamandla.
I-Cydata
ICyodata (phambilini ebaziwa ngokuthi yiCybatar) yinkampani yezobuchwepheshe ethuthukisa, ekhiqizayo, enikeze amalayisense, esekela, futhi ithengise imikhiqizo nezinsizakalo zefu ezengezwe inani.
Ukunikela ngesidoda
Ukuhlinzekelwa
Abanikeli bangakhokhelwa noma bangakhokhelwa, ngokuya ngemithetho yendawo nezinhlelo okuvunyelwene ngazo.Ngisho nasezinhlelweni ezingakhokhelwa, izindleko zivame ukubuyiselwa.Ngokuya ngomthetho wendawo kanye nezinhlelo ezizimele, abesilisa banganikela ngokungaziwa noma bavume ukunikeza imininingwane ekhomba izingane zabo ngokuzayo. Iminikelo yangasese eyenziwe yinkampani ivame ukusebenzisa umnikeli "oqondisiwe", lapho owesilisa eyalela ukuthi isidoda sakhe sisetshenziswe ngumuntu othile. Abanikeli abangaziwa nabo babizwa nangokuthi "abanikeli abaziwayo", "abanikeli abavulekile" noma "abanikeli bokuveza ulwazi".
I-Cydata
ICybatar yasungulwa nguPhiwa Nkambule ngo-Okthoba 2014 ekuqaleni njengenkampani yokuxhumana nabantu kepha washaya inkundla ye- SaaS yezinsizakalo ezifuneka kakhulu ngo-2015.ICybatar ibibambe iqhaza ekuthuthukiseni okunye ukuqala kobuchwepheshe okubandakanya inkampani yobuchwepheshe bezezimali iRiovic .Ngo-2015 inkampani yamemezela Afrika kuqala fuel ukulethwa inethiwekhi ka-eyamukelwa njengobufakazi bokuthi South African osomabhizinisi owayamukele umqondo On Demand Umnotho njengoba ngcono Petroleum Industry uchungechunge lwamanani. Ngemva kwe- FeesMustFall kuqhubeka imibhikisho eNingizimu Afrika, inkampani umkhankaso umfundaze waseyunivesithi Crowdfunding platform kanye umkhankaso ukulondoloza abafundi ezweni lonke ababesezweni yesikole ezikweletini ayebhekene okungafakwa wezimali ngo-2016
Ukunikela ngesidoda
Ukuhlinzekelwa
Ukubuyekezwa kocwaningo phakathi kwabaxhasi kwaba nemiphumela yokuthi abezindaba kanye nezikhangiso zisebenza kahle kakhulu ekuheheni abanikeli, nokuthi i-intanethi iya ngokuya ibaluleke kakhulu kule njongo. Ukuqashwa kabusha ngemibhangqwana enezinkinga zokungabi nenzalo endaweni yezenhlalo yomnikeli wesidoda akubonakali kubalulekile ekuqashweni ngokuphelele.
Amabhange wesidoda
Umnikeli wesidoda uvame ukunikela ngesidoda ebhange lesidoda ngaphansi kwenkontileka, okucacisa isikhathi lapho umnikeli kuzodingeka ukuthi akhiqize isidoda, ngokuvamile esukela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya kweziyi-24 ngokuya ngenani lokukhulelwa ibhange lesidoda elihlose ngalo ukukhiqiza kusuka kumnikeli.Uma ibhange lesidoda likwazi ukufinyelela ezimakethe zomhlaba isib.ngokuthengisa okuqondile, noma ukuthengisa emitholampilo engaphandle kwegunya lalo, owesilisa anganikela isikhathi eside kuneminyaka emibili, njengoba ubungozi bokudla kuncishisiwe (yize imithetho yendawo iyehluka kakhulu).