UNelson_Mandela
Ukufundela ukuba ngummeli kanye nokungenela uphiko lwentsha ye-ANC Youth League: 1943–49
UMandela waqala ukufundela ukuba ngummeli e-University of Witwatersrand, lapho khona owaye nguye yedwa umuntu isitshudeni esemnyama somdabu sase-Afrika kwi-faculty. Ngisho noma kwakukhokna ababemphethe ngobandlululo ngokwebala, kodwa wakwazi ukwenza ubungani nabamhlophe abangama-liberal, kanye namakhomanisi aseYuropha, amaJuda, kanye nezitshudeni zamaNdiya, phakathi kwabangani bakhe kwakukhona u-Joe Slovo kanye noRuth First.<span class="mw-ref" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeer198833.E2.80.9334Mandela1994127.E2.80.93131Smith201064.E2.80.9365Meredith201034.E2.80.9335Sampson201134.E2.80.9335_51-0" rel="dc:references"> [51]  <span class="mw-ref" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeer198833.E2.80.9334Mandela1994127.E2.80.93131Smith201064.E2.80.9365Meredith201034.E2.80.9335Sampson201134.E2.80.9335_51-0" rel="dc:references"> Njengoba wayeqhubeka nokuqondisisa kakhulu ezepolitiki, ngo-Agast ka-1943, uMandela wamasha, uusekela ugwayimbo lamabhasi olwaba nempumelelo, lapho abantu ababebhekiseshila khona ukwenyuswa kwemali yokugibela amabhasi.<span class="mw-ref" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMandela1994122.E2.80.93123Smith201048Meredith201044Sampson201137_52-0" rel="dc:references"> [52]   <span class="mw-ref" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMandela1994122.E2.80.93123Smith201048Meredith201044Sampson201137_52-0" rel="dc:references"> Ngokujoyina i-ANC, uSisulu waba nomthelela kakhulu kuye, kanti wayechitha isikhathi esiningi nezinye izishukumi ngomzabalazo, endlini kaSisulu eOrlando, kulezi zishukumi kubandakanya abantu abanjengo-Oliver Tambo.<span class="mw-ref" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMandela1994136Smith201053Meredith201036.2C_43_53-0" rel="dc:references"> [53]   <span class="mw-ref" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMandela1994136Smith201053Meredith201036.2C_43_53-0" rel="dc:references"> okwaba ngumngani wakhe omkhulu.. Ngo 1943, uMandela wahlangana no-Anton Lembede, okwakuyilunga le-ANC, yena owayegxila kakhulu ngokubona izinto ngeso elibhekela kuphela ama-Afrika ngenqubo ebizwa i-African nationalism, eyayiphikisana kakhulu ukuthi kube nokuhlangana kwezinhlanga zabammnyama nabamhlophe ekulwiseni inqubo yobukoloni ne-imperialism, noma ukuhlanganyela ngombimbi lwe-alayense namakhomanisi.<span class="mw-ref" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMandela1994137.E2.80.93139Smith201053Meredith201042.E2.80.9343Sampson201138.E2.80.9339_54-0" rel="dc:references"> [54]  <span class="mw-ref" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMandela1994137.E2.80.93139Smith201053Meredith201042.E2.80.9343Sampson201138.E2.80.9339_54-0" rel="dc:references"> Ngisho noma uMandela wayenobungani nabezinye izinhlanga ezingezona zobomdabu kanye namakhomanisi, uMandela wavumelana kakhulu nemibono kaLembede, yokuthi ama-Afrika abomdabu, kumele bazimele gelekeqe bangasebenzisani nezinye izinhlanga emzabalazweni wabo wokulwela inkululeko kwezepolitiki.<span class="mw-ref" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBenson198631Meer198834.E2.80.9335Mandela1994142.E2.80.93143Smith201054_55-0" rel="dc:references"> [55]   <span class="mw-ref" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBenson198631Meer198834.E2.80.9335Mandela1994142.E2.80.93143Smith201054_55-0" rel="dc:references"> Ngokuthatha isinqumo sesidingo sokuba nophiko lwentsha, ukugqugquzela iningi lama-Afrika, ekulwiseni ingcindezelo yabo, uMandela wayengomunye wezithunywa ezahlangana noMengameli we-ANC u-Alfred Bitini Xuma bahlangana naye ekhaya lakhe e- Sophiatown; uphiki lwentsha ye-African National Congress Youth League (ANCYL) lwasungulwa ngeSonto lePhasika ngo 1944, esikhungweni se-Bantu Men's Social Centre eyayisemgwaqeni we-Eloff Street, kanti kulolu phiki lwentsha, uLembede waba nguMengameli, kwathi uMandela waba yilungu lesigungu se-executive committee.<span class="mw-ref" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBenson198628.E2.80.9329Mandela1994139.E2.80.93143Smith201052.E2.80.9356Meredith201044.26ndash.3B46Sampson201139.E2.80.9341_56-0" rel="dc:references"> [56]   <span class="mw-ref" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBenson198628.E2.80.9329Mandela1994139.E2.80.93143Smith201052.E2.80.9356Meredith201044.26ndash.3B46Sampson201139.E2.80.9341_56-0" rel="dc:references"> Endlini kaSisulu, uMandela wahlangana no-Evelyn Mase, owayeqeqeshela ukuba ngu-nesi kanti futhi eyisishukumi se-ANC, owayevela e-Engcobo, Transkei. Waba nobudlelwane naye, kwathi ngo-Okthoba ngo 1944 bashada, ekuqaleni babehlala ezihlobeni zika-Evelyn, ukufikela lapho abaphuma  khona bayohlala endlini abayirenta e-Orlando ekuqaleni konyaka ka 1946.<span class="mw-ref" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBenson198624Meer198839.E2.80.9340Mandela1994144.2C_148.E2.80.93149Smith201059.E2.80.9362Meredith201047Sampson201136_58-0" rel="dc:references"> [58]  <span class="mw-ref" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBenson198624Meer198839.E2.80.9340Mandela1994144.2C_148.E2.80.93149Smith201059.E2.80.9362Meredith201047Sampson201136_58-0" rel="dc:references"> Ingane yabo yokuqala uMadiba "Thembi" Thembekile, wazalwa ngoFebruwari ka 1945, indodakazi yabo uMakaziwe, wazalwa ngo-1947, kodwa yashona, ibulawa yisifo se-meningitis ezinyangeni eziyisishagalolunye izelwe.<span class="mw-ref" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeer198840.E2.80.9341Mandela1994149.2C_152Smith201060.E2.80.9364Meredith201048Sampson201136_59-0" rel="dc:references"> [59]   <span class="mw-ref" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeer198840.E2.80.9341Mandela1994149.2C_152Smith201060.E2.80.9364Meredith201048Sampson201136_59-0" rel="dc:references"> UMandela wayethokozela impilo yasekhaya yomndeni, bavakashelwa ngumama wakhe kanye nodadewabo, uLeabie ukuzohlala nabo.<span class="mw-ref" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeer198840Mandela1994150.2C_210Smith201067Meredith201048Sampson201136_60-0" rel="dc:references"> [60]   <span class="mw-ref" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeer198840Mandela1994150.2C_210Smith201067Meredith201048Sampson201136_60-0" rel="dc:references"> Ekuqaleni konyaka ka 1947, kwaphela isikhathi sakhe sokwenza ama-article enkampanini yakwa-Witkin, Sidelsky and Eidelman, wayesebuyela ukuyofunda ngokugcwele, ngokusizwa zimali-mboleko ezazivela kwabe-Bantu Welfare Trust.<span class="mw-ref" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMandela1994151Smith201064Meredith201048.E2.80.9349_61-0" rel="dc:references"> [61]   <span class="mw-ref" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMandela1994151Smith201064Meredith201048.E2.80.9349_61-0" rel="dc:references">