cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Madie Hall Xuma
Isidima sakhe
Ngokufika kwake eningizimu Africa, uXu wasimisela ngokufundisa abanye abafazi isindlela sokuphila eziphuqukile, wababonisa infundiso yakhe yangaphesheya nenhloso yokuthi baphile kancono kunaphambilini. UXuma wayezimisele ngokuzinikela kumpumaphambili yabantu besifazane, wase futhi eba xhasa ngezemfundo nemphilo eyesimanje manje. Waqala iAfrican National Congress Women’s league wapinde waba ngumongameli wokuqala weANCWL ukusukela ngo 1943 kwaze kwaba ngo 1949.
Ukucina kwakhe
UXuma wathuthukisa iklabhu yeZenzele, wanceda ama cembu wokuzisiza awabantu besifazane eningizimu Afrika aqhasane ne international Young Christian Women's Association ngo 1950. uXuma uzokhumbulwa ngokukhutaza inthutukho yabantu besifazane. uMadie uhlale eningizimu Afrika kwase kwashona umyeni wakhe wase wabhuyela emelika la washonela khona.
Izimpumela zakhe
1. Inhloko ye-African National Congress Women’s League
2. Umsunguli we-ANC, umsunguli wenhlangano eyaziwayo yokuzisiza yeZenzele.
ISonto likaJesu Kristu LamaSuku Okugcina nokushaya indlwabu
Ezikhathini eziningi ezithathe isikhathi esingaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka, abaholi beChurch of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) bafundise ukuthi abalandeli akufanele bashaye indlwabu njengengxenye yokulalela ikhodi yokuziphatha eyaziwa njengomthetho wobumsulwa. : 80–127 Isonto le-LDS ligcizelela kakhulu umthetho wobumsulwa. Ukuzibophezela ukuphila ngomthetho wobumsulwa kuyadingeka ukuze ubhapathizwe, futhi ukunamathela kuyadingeka ukuthola imvume yasethempelini, futhi kuyingxenye yomcimbi wokunikezelwa kwethempeli izivumelwano abazinikele ababambiqhaza abathembisa ngesifungo sokuzigcina. Ngenkathi esebenza njengomongameli wesonto, uSpencer W. Kimball wafundisa ukuthi umthetho wobumsulwa uhlanganisa "ukushaya indlwabu ... nazo zonke izono ezifihliwe nezisithekile nayo yonke imicabango nemikhuba engcolile." Ngaphambi kokusebenzela ukuthunywa ngokugcwele, abantu abadala abancane kudingeka ukuthi bayeke lo mkhuba njengoba kukholakala ukuthi yisono esangweni esinciphisa ukuzwela ekuqondisweni koMoya oNgcwele. Okokuqala okukhulunywe esidlangalaleni ngokushaya indlwabu ngumholi webandla jikelele kuzethameli ezibanzi kwaba ngo-1952 ngumphostoli uJ. Reuben Clark, futhi okushiwo kamuva okuphawulekayo kufaka phakathi ngo-2013,2016,  no isibuyekezo se-2019 kwi- Missionary Handbook.
Kasungu
IKasungu yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Central, eMalawi.
Madie Hall Xuma
Izimpumela zakhe
3. Ukulindelwe komkhandlu kazwelonke weSouth African Young Women Christian Association
ISonto likaJesu Kristu LamaSuku Okugcina nokushaya indlwabu
Ngokubuka konke ngalesi sihloko, uMark Mallan noVern Bullough bachaza imikhuba nezimfundiso zomphakathi wamaMormon mayelana nokushaya indlwabu njengoba kudlule ezigabeni ezine ezinkulu ngenkathi izincwadi ezahlukahlukene ezisemthethweni zesonto nemibono emisha yabaholi sekuvele kuwo wonke umlando wesonto:
IMtunzini
IMtunzini yidolobha elincane elingasolwandle eliKwaZulu-Natali, eNingizimu Afrika.
Madie Hall Xuma
Isithenjwa
1 Encylopedia. 2019. Xuma Madie Hall. https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/xuma-madie-hall
ISonto likaJesu Kristu LamaSuku Okugcina nokushaya indlwabu
Isikhathi sezimfundiso nezehlakalo
Ngezansi umugqa wesikhathi wemicimbi, ukushicilelwa, nezinkulumo ngesihloko sokushaya indlwabu emphakathini we-LDS.
Dowa, Malawi
IDowa yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Central, eMalawi. Leli dolobha liyisiqongo sesifunda se Dowa.
IGroblershoop
IGroblershoop yidolobha eliseNyakatho Kapa, eNingizimu Afrika.
Sidi Lahcène District
ISidi Lahcène yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Sidi Bel Abbès, e-Aljeriya.
Kitgum District
IKitgum yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Northern, eYuganda. Isiqongo salesifunda yi-Kitgum.
Isigaba (kumchazampilo)
Ekujinjweni komchazampilo, isigaba siwuqhiwu lobungqwangqwa (taxonomic rank), futhi siwumuvo wobungqwangqwa, ingqwanye, kulolo qhiwu. Olunye uqhiwu olwaziwayo ngokohlelo lokulandelana ngobungako balo impilo, isidlangala, umbuso, umhibatho, uhlelo, umndeni, uzalo, nezinhlobo (imiqhinqo), kuyilapho isigaba singena phakathi komhibatho nohlelo.
Isiphandla seNingizimu Afrika
Isiphandla seNingizimu Afrika siwumqwamba oyinhloko weNingizimu Afrika. Isiphandla esikhona manje sethulwa ngoSuku leNkululeko, mhla zingama-27 kuMbasa 2000, futhi sasiklanywe nguMnu Iaan Bekker. Sasenana iziphandla zangaphambili, ezazisetshenziswa kusuka ngowe-1910. Isiqubulo sawo sibhalwe ngolimi lesi- |Xam olungasebenzi, oluyilungu lwezilimi zabaKhwe, futhi uma sihunyushwa sisho ukuthi "ukubumbana kwabantu abahlukene". isiqubulo esandulele, esibhalwe bgesilathini sasithi Ex Unitate Vires, esihunyuswa sithi "kubumbano, kunezikhwepha".
Niari Department
INiari yisifundazwe sase Khongo-Brazzaville.
Angoche
I-Angoche yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Nampula, eMozambiki.
Isiphandla seNingizimu Afrika
uMlando
Inqubo yokuklama isiphandla yaqalwa ngonyaka we-1999, uMnyango wezobuCiko, iSiko, iNzululwazi nezobuChwepheshe wafaka isicelo samasu wokwakha isiphandla esisha emphakathini. Khona kwalungiswa isifenyezo esisekwe emaswini wesiphandla amukelwe avela emphakathini, kanye nezimvo zeBandla eliyisigungu. Khona Isimiso sikaHulumeni sokuXhumana noKwaziswa sasondela       ku-Design South Africa ukuze sazise abaklami abayishumi abaphezulu. Kwakhetha abaklami abathathu ukuze bethule izicabango zabo eBandleni eliyisigungu, futhi umklamo ka-Iaan Bekker wakhethwa.
Humid continental climate
I-Humid contenintal climate wuhlobo lwesimo sezulu oluba nehlobo elifudumele noma elishisisayo kanye nobusika obubanda kakhulu. Izimpawu zalesimo sezulu kwi-Köppen climate classification yilezi; Dsa, Dsb, Dwa, Dwb, Dfa kanye ne Dfb.
Isiphandla seNingizimu Afrika
uMlando
Isiphandla esisha sethulwa ngoSuku leNkululeko, mhla zingama-27 kuMbasa 2000. Lolushintsho lwakhwentuza inhloso kahulumeni yokuqhakambisa ushintsho lwentando yeningi eNingizimu Afrika kanye nomuzwa omusha wokushisekela izwe.
Isiphandla siwuhide lwezici ezihlelwe ngemimo esaqanda noma emakhophelana emiswe omunye phezu komunye. Uhlaka oluphelele lwesiphandla luhlanganisa lemimo emakhophelana ongaphansi nongaphezulu kube uphawu lokuzwana. Umkhondo oxhumanisa unqenqema olusezansi lomqulu, ngemigqa yamazinyo, okunempelamehlo nokuphuma kwelanga ngaphezulu, wakha umumo weqanda lomkhathi lapho kuvela khona intinginono. Ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, lokhu kusho ukuzalwa kabusha komoya wezwe elikhulu nelobuqhawe laseNingizimu Afrika.
Isiphandla sibuye sisebenze njengoMgqabo woMbusobala, ngokwesiko okungumqwamba ophakeme woMbuso. Igunya eliphelele linikezwa zonke izincwadi ngesinyatheliso soMgqabo woMbusobala kuzo, okusho ukuthi zivunyelwe UMongameli waseNingizimu Afrika. Kodwa kusuka ngowe-1997 ukusetshenziswa koMgqabo woMbusobala awukaze ube imfuneko yomthethesisekelo, kodwa kuyaqhubeka nokwenziwa.
Magdala (woreda)
IMagdala noma Mekdela yi-woreda engaphansi kwesifundazwe se Amhara, e-Itiyopiya.
Abyei (idolobha)
I-Abyei yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Abyei, eNingizimu Sudan.
Oceanic climate
I-Oceanic climate noma Maritime climate wuhlobo lwesimo sezulu olubonakala ngokuba nehlobo elipholile kanye nobusika obungabandi kakhulu. Loluhlobo lwesimo sezulu lutholakala ezindaweni eziseduze nolwandle. Izimpawu zalesimo sezulu kwi-Köppen climate classification yilezi; Cfb, Cfc, Cwb kanye ne Cwc.
Isihuquzi
Izihuquzi, izilwane ezisesigabeni ezihuquzayo (Reptilia), ziyiqembu elihlanganisa zonke ezibusosibankwa (sauropsid) ngaphandle kwezinyoni. Izihuquzi eziphilayo zihlanganisa amafudu (turtles), izingwenya, ezimazenga (squamates) (izibankwa nezinyoka) nezimpumulonde (rhynchocephalians) (njenge-tuatara). Kusuka Ndasa 2022, izikomniningo lezihuquzi (Reptile Database) libandakanya imiqhinkqo eyizi-11,700. Ngokohlelo lokujinja oluvamile lukaLinnaeu, izinyoni zithwathwa njengesigaba esihlukile kunezihuquzi. Nokho, izingwenya zihlobene eduze nezinyoni kunezihuquzi ezinye eziphilayo, ingakho izimiso zokujinja zomxhanta zanamuhla zifaka izinyoni phakathi kwezihuquzelayo, kanjalo zichasisa kabusha leli bizo njengomxhanta. Ezinye izincasiselo zomtxhanta ziyaliyeka legama isihuquzi ngokuphelele futhi zikhetha umxhanta elithi ubusosibankwa (Sauropsida), elibhekisela kuzo zonke amniotes ezihlobene eduze ezihuquzini zanamuhla kunezincelisi. Isifundo sezinhlelo ezivamike zezihuquzi, ngokomlando esihlanganisa izimpilambaxa, esibizwa ngokuthi herpetology.
Umbuso (kumchazampilo)
Kumchazampilo, elithi umbuso (elishumusha elesilathini : regnum, plural regna ) lisho uqhiwu lobungqwangqwa lwesibili oluphezulu, ngaphansi nje kwesidlangala.
IMiyonzi yeNzubawonga
Kumchazandalo, imiyonzi yenzubawonga ihlanganisa amaza wenkundla yenzubawonga, okuyiwona asabalala emkhathini futhi athwala isidlakathi senzubawonga. Ahlanganisa amaza omsakazo (radio waves), amachadaza (microwaves), insibomvu (infrared), isokhanya (light), uzukhwithi (ultraviolet), amagu X (X-rays), nemisebentathu (gamma rays). Wonke lamaza ayingxenye yomungco wenzubawonga (electromagnetic spectrum).
UMunge
UMunge iduna elingokwemvelo elingaphakathi futhi elikhulu kwamabili ayizinyanga zikaNotshezi, elinye nguZimvalo.
Koboko District
IKoboko yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Northern, eYuganda. Isiqongo salesifunda yi-Koboko.
IMiyonzi yeNzubawonga
Imiyonzi yenzubawonga ihlanganisa amaza wenzubawonga, okuyimicikazo ehlanganisiwe yenkundla yamazuba neyewonga. Imiyonzi yenzubawonga noma amaza wenzubawonga adaleka ngenxa yokuguquka kwenkathi yenkundla yamazuba neyewonga. Ngokuncika ekuguqukeni kwenkathi nasemandleni aphehliwe, amabangacuphi ahlukene umungco wenzubawonga ayakhiqizeka. Elinyeni (vacuum), amaza wenzubawonga ahamba ngejubane lokukhanya, oluphawulwa ngohlamvu C. Ensizeni enhlobonye, neyesihlukosimbe (isotropic), ukucikaza kwezinkundla zombili kuqombothile kwenye nenye, futhi ziqombothile ohlangothini lwempekumpeku nolokusabalalisa amaza, futhi kwakha iZa elivundlile (transverse wave). Indawo yeZa lenzubawonga ngaphakathi komungxo wenzubawonga awunakugagulwa ngomjinge walo wokucikaza noma ibangacuphi lalo. AmaZa wenzubawonga omjinge ohlukile abizwa ngamabizo ahlukene njengoba enemithombo ehlukene kanye nemithelela ehlukene othweni. Ngokohlelo lomjinge okhulayo nebangacuphi elehlayo ahlelwe kanje: amaza onsakazo, amachadaza, imiyonzi yensibomvu, isokhanya, imiyonzi yozukhwithi, amagu -X nemisebentathu.
Isidlangala (kumchazampilo)
Ngokobungqwangqwa bomchazampilo, isidlangala, siwuqhiwu lobungqwangqwa oluphakeme lwazo zonke iziphili Uma zihlanganiswa ndawonye.
IRichards Bay
IRichards Bay yidolobha eliKwaZulu-Natali, eNingizimu Afrika.
Lilongwe
ILilongwe yisiqongo sezwe lase Malawi. Leli dolobhakazi lingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Central.
Télagh District
ITélagh yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Sidi Bel Abbès, e-Aljeriya.
UZimvalo
UZimvalo iduna elingokwemvelo elincane nelingaphandle kwamabili ayizinyanga zikaNotshezi, elinye nguMunge.
Umndeni (kumchazampilo)
Umndeni olunye uqhiwu lobungqwangqwa kwayisiphohlongo amakhulu obungqwangqwa buka-Linnaeus.
Uhlelo (kumchazampilo)
Uhlelo lungolunye uqhiwu lobungqwangqwa kwayisiphohlongo amakhulu obungqwangqwa buka-Linnaeus. Ekujinjweni komchazampilo, uhlelo buwuqhiwu lobungqwangqwa olusetshenziswa ekujinjeni IziPhili. Uqhiwu olungaphezulu kwalo, uhlelokhulu, ngesinye isikhathi lufakwa phezu kohlelo, bese uhleloncane (suborder) lufakwe ngaphansi kwalo. Uhlelo lungachazwa njengomhlambi wemindeni ehlobene.
Ukubhoboza ulimi
Ukubhoboza ulimi ukubhoboza umzimba okuvame ukwenziwa ngqo maphakathi nolimi.Kusukela kwehla ukuthandwa kwayo ngonyaka we-2011, ibone ukukhuphuka kwakamuva okwenze kwaba manje ukubhoboza kwesibili okuthandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabesifazane abasebasha abaneminyaka eyi-18-25 ngo-2019.Ihlala ingathandwa phakathi kwamadoda.Ukubhoboza ulimi okujwayelekile, noma imbobo eyodwa enkabeni yolimi, kuyindlela ejwayelekile futhi ephephe kunazo zonke yokugwaza ulimi.
Umlando namasiko
Ukubhoboza ulimi akucacisiwe ngokobulili - akudalelwanga indoda noma owesifazane nje kuphela.Amagama athandwayo wokubhoboza ulimi afaka phakathi indandatho yolimi, okuyiphutha, njengoba kuyaqabukela nje ukuthi izindandatho zigqokwe ekubhobozeni ulimi.
Kunomlando wokubhoboza ulimi oluyisiko emasikweni ama-Aztec namaMaya, ngemifanekiso yabapristi ehlaba ngolimi lwabo bese bekhipha igazi kuyo noma bedlula ezintanjeni ezinzima ezenzelwe ukuzwisa ubuhlungu.Abukho ubufakazi bokubhoboza ulimi unomphela noma isikhathi eside kusiko lama-Aztec, noma kunjalo; ngaphandle komkhuba wokunye ukuguqulwa komzimba unomphela, kwenziwa ukuhlonipha onkulunkulu.
Ukubhoboza ulimi kunomlando omude ezinkambisweni zenkolo nokusebenza.Abantu baseMesoamerican abanjengama-Aztec bakwenza lokhu kanye nokunye ukwenziwa njengengxenye yokunikela konkulunkulu babo.Abakwa-Asia Spirit Mediums baseMpumalanga Ekude babeprakthiza ukubhoboza ulimi njengomnikelo kanye nobufakazi besimo sokuthatheka.
Kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, ama- carnies aseNtshonalanga aboleka amaqhinga abo amaningi ohlangothini oluvela ezinhlwini eziletha izethameli zaseMelika nezaseYurophu amazwibela abo okuqala okubhoboza ulimi.
Ukubhoboza ulimi unomphela noma isikhathi eside kuyingxenye yokuvuka kokubhoboza umzimba emphakathini wanamuhla.Ukutholakala okulungile kwekhwalithi ephezulu, ubucwebe besitayela se-steel barbell kuhlotshaniswa nokuvela kwalokhu kubhoboza ngawo-1980.Njengakwizinto eziningi ezintsha zokubhoboza, imvelaphi yalokhu kubhoboza ihlotshaniswa neGauntlet, isitudiyo sokuqala sobuchwepheshe sokubhoboza umzimba e-United States, ebesikade siseLos Angeles, eCalifornia.
UTattoo Samy uvele kwi-PFIQ (incwadi yokuqala ephathelene nokubhoboza umzimba) ezindabeni # 18 (1983) naku- # 19 njengokubhoboza ulimi lokuqala okubhalwe kulo magazini.
U-Elayne Angel, umuntu wokuqala owanikeza isitifiketi se-Master Piercer nguJim Ward, iphayona lokubhoboza umzimba kanye nomsunguli weGauntlet, wasiza ekwandiseni lolu hlobo lokubhoboza.
Ubucwebe
Izilimi zihlatshwa ngobucwebe besitayela se- barbell eqondile.Ngenxa yokuhamba kaningi kolimi, ubukhulu bobucwebe kanye nokunethezeka kubaluleke kakhulu. Ama-Barbells amancane kakhulu athanda ukufuduka, abangele ukungaphatheki kahle nokucasuka.Ukubhoboza ulimi kuvame ukwelulwa kalula ukwamukela ubucwebe obukhulu.Ukubhoboza kokuqala kuvame ukuba se-14 g (1.6 mm), kepha ukugwema isinyathelo esisodwa noma ezimbili ezelulekayo kungenzeka ukubhoboza ngokushesha ngo-12 g (2.0 mm) noma i-10 g (2.4 mm).
Abanye abantu kamuva bakhetha ukwelula ukubhoboza kwabo kube yi-12 g (2 mm), eziyishumi g (2.4 mm), 8 g (3.2 mm) noma i-6 g (4.0 mm) ukuvikela ukufuduka okungenzeka futhi ube nokuqina okuzinzile 'kokuthamba'.Kungenzeka ukwelulekela phambili kububanzi ngaphezu kwe-10 mm.Ubuhlalu ekugcineni kwe-barbell bungenziwa ngezinto eziningi zokuhlobisa."Ubuhlalu be-no-see-um", ubuhlalu obuyisicaba obuhambisana nombala wolimi, kwesinye isikhathi kufakwa ukufihla lokhu kubhoboza, imvamisa ezindaweni zomsebenzi.Usebenzisa ubucwebe obufanele obunemibala nesitayela, nokunakekela ngenkathi ukhuluma / uhleka, kungenzeka ukufihla ukubhoboza.
Ukubhoboza
Umuntu ogqobayo uzohlola ngezansi kolimi ukuthi kukhona imithambo yegazi emikhulu, kwesinye isikhathi kube nokukhanya okukhanyayo, bese kumaka indawo ephephile yokubhoboza.Ulimi bese lucindezelwa nge- forceps futhi luhlatshwe ngenaliti, imvamisa kusuka phezulu kuye phansi ngenaliti yokubhoboza noma ukusuka phansi kuye phezulu ngenaliti ye- cannula.Ubucwebe bokuqala kufanele buhlale bude kakhulu kunalokho okuzodingeka ekugcineni ukuvumela ukuvuvukala, okuvamile ngokulandela ukubhoboza.Kungakapheli izinsuku ezimbili uthole ukubhoboza ulimi lungakhukhumala luphindwe kabili ubukhulu balo bokuqala.Lokhu kungaholela ebuhlungwini lapho ukhuluma futhi udla, kepha lokhu akuhlali unomphela.
Abagibeli bavame ukuncoma ukuphuza iziphuzo ezibandayo nokumunca iqhwa elichobozekile ukusiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala.Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi ukuthatha i- Ibuprofen noma imishanguzo efanayo yokulwa nokuvuvukala kungakunciphisa kakhulu ukuvuvukala okuhambisana nokubhoboza ulimi.Kunconywa ukuthi ungaphuzi utshwala, ungabhemi noma ungadli ukudla okubabayo kuze kube yilapho ukubhoboza selulame kancane (cishe amasonto amabili), futhi kufanele kugezwe nomlomo ongenawo utshwala ngemuva kokudla noma ukubhema.
Ukubekwa kolimi ukubhoboza
Ukubekwa kwendabuko kokubhoboza ulimi kuhambisana nomugqa ophakathi kolimi, maphakathi nomlomo.Kuvame ukuba cishe .76 in noma emuva emuva ekugcineni kolimi.Ibekwe ngenhla kancane emuva kancane kunaphansi, okuvumela phezulu kobucwebecwe ukuthi bancike kancane emuva, kude namazinyo, futhi kubheke engxenyeni ephezulu yolwanga olungaphezulu lapho kunendawo enkulu emlonyeni.Ibuye ibekwe nje phambi kokunamathiselwe kwe- frenulum yolimi.
Izingozi
Izinkinga ezibhaliwe zokubhoboza ulimi zifake izifo ezithwalwa ngegazi ezibanga amathumba obuchopho nenhliziyo (ngokufa okuthile); isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B no-C, i-HIV, isifo sofuba, kanye nokutheleleka ngqi; ukuvuvukala kolimi okubangela ukuvinjelwa komoya, ukugwinya noma ukuminyanisa ubucwebe obuxegayo, ukulimala kwezinsini namazinyo aphukile.Izikhalazo ezivamile zifaka phakathi ubuhlungu, izibazi, amathe amaningi nokulimala koqweqwe lwawo.
Ungahle ubhekane nezinkinga zezithiyo zokukhuluma ngemuva kokubhoboza ulimi.Njengokubhoboza ulimi kabili kungavimbela ukuhamba kolimi oluzimele.Kukhona nengozi yokulahlekelwa ukuzwa.
Umchazatho
umChazatho iyisifundo esingokwesayensi sezakhi kanye nokucondoza koTho. Iyisayensi yemvelo ecwaninga izinhlwa ezakha uTho kuze kuyofika kwimxube eyakhiwa amachwe, amaChembe neziHonyo: Ukwakheka kwazo, uhlaka lwazo, izakhi zazo, ukucondoza kwazo kanye noshintsho ezidlula kulo ngesikhathi zilumbana nezinye iziqa.
Ngokwesilinganiso sesihloko sawo, umChazatho ungena endaweni emaphakathi komChazandalo no nomChazampilo. Ngesinye isikhathi ubizwa ngokuthi yisayensi emaphakathi ngoba inikeza isiseko sokuqonda yomibili imikhakha yesayensi Eyisisekelo nesayensi eSetshenziswayo ezingeni eliyisisekelo. Ngokwesibonelo, umChazatho uchaza izici zokukhula kwesitshalo (botany), ukubumbeka kwamatshe angenalutho (umChazazwe), ukuthi isiNtshongo (ozone) somoyambulunga sakhiwe kanjani nokuthi izinto ezingcolisa imvelo zonakaliswa kanjani uxhaxhamvelo (ecology), izakhi zenhlabathi enyangeni (cosmoikhemistri), ukuthi imithi yokwelapha isebenza kanjani (umchazamakhambi pharmacology), nokuthi ungabuqoqa kanjani ubufakazi bolibofuzo endaweni yobugebengu (Forensic).
uMsuka
Umsuka wegama lesizulu elithi "umchazatho" uvela encazelweni yalomkhakha wenzululwazi, ukufindwa kokucondoza kotho, okusho ukuthi kufundwa ngotho, kwenziwa imizamo yokuchaza uTho nezakhi zalo nokucondoza kwalo.
IReddersburg
IReddersburg yidolobha elincane eliseFuleyisitata, eNingizimu Afrika.
Mandisa Mashego
UMandisa Sibongile Mashego (owazalwa ngomhla ka-26 Agasti 1973) ungusopolitiki waseNingizimu Afrika futhi ulwela amalungelo abesifazane.Owake waba yilungu le-Economic Freedom Fighters, ubenguSihlalo weqembu esifundazweni eGauteng kusuka ngo-2018 kuya ku-2020. Ubuye waba yilungu lesiShayamthetho sesiFundazwe saseGauteng kusuka ngonyaka wezi-2014 kuya kowezi-2020.
Isiqalo sokuphila
UMashego wazalelwa eKing William's Town, esifundazweni saseKapa, kumama omnyama nobaba omhlophe. Ukhulele elokishini laseMayfern eNelspruit. Uthole iB-Tech in Public Relations eDurban University of Technology.
Umsebenzi wezepolitiki
UMashego wajoyina i- African National Congress (ANC) esafunda. Ushiye i-ANC ngo-2012 wajoyina iqembu i-EFF. Wakhethwa njengeLungu lesiShayamthetho sesiFundazwe saseGauteng ngo-2014 kwathi ngonyaka olandelayo waqokwa njengosihlalo obambile wesifundazwe we-EFF ngemuva kokusula kukaZorro Boshielo. UMashego wakhethwa waba nguSihlalo wesifundazwe isikhathi esigcwele ngo-2018 futhi ngenxa yalokho waba nguSihlalo wesibili wesifazane esifundazweni.
Imibono Yezombusazwe
UMashego uzichaza njengowesifazane futhi ophikisana nobukhokho. Uthe ngesikhathi enengxoxo neMail &amp; Guardian, ukuthi isikhundla sikasihlalo wokuqala wesifazane esifundazweni, uBetty Diale, "kumphathe kabi".
Ukungezwani noJulius Malema
NgoDisemba 2019 engqungqutheleni yokukhetha ubuholi be-EFF kuzwelonke, uMashego waphikisana noMarshall Dlamini esikhundleni sikaNobhala-Jikelele. Ukuphikisana kwakhe noDlamini kudale ukungezwani phakathi kwakhe nomholi weqembu uJulius Malema. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uMalema uphakamise ku-tweet, nokwadala ukuqagela, ukuthi uMashego uhlela ukuhlubuka eqenjini lowabe eyiMeya yaseGoli, uHerman Mashaba.
Ngomhlaka 31 Mashi 2020, uMashego wesula njengoSihlalo we-EFF esifundazweni waphinde washiya nakuSishayamthetho sesifundazwe.IPhini likaSihlalo u-Itani Mukwevho uqokelwe esikhundleni sakhe.Ngo-Agasti 2020, uMashego wavela ethula iqembu lezepolitiki likaMashaba, i-ActionSA.
NgoJanuwari 2021, uMashego wamemezela ukuthi usejoyine i- Abantu Batho Congress.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
UMashego akakashadi futhi unendodakazi eyodwa.
IKakamas
IKakamas yidolobha eliseNyakatho Kapa, eNingizimu Afrika.
Wades
IWades yinkampani ka-Edgar Agayi. Yaziwa kakhulu ngokugqama kwayo emhlabeni ngokuphathwa kwayo okusunguliwe. Yasungulwa ngonyaka wezi-2017 futhi isikhule yaba enye yezinkampani ezinkulu emhlabeni.
Tundra climate
I-Tundra wuhlobo lwendawo lapho khona izihlahla zingakwazi ukukhula ngenxa yamazinga aphansi kakhulu okushisa. Uphawu lwalendawo kwi-Köppen climate classification yilolu (ET).
Beira
IBeira yisiqongo sesifundazwe se Sofala, eMozambiki. Leli dolobha yilona dolobha ekikhulu kunawo wonke kwisifundazwe se Sofala.
Aïn Djeloula
I-Aïn Djeloula ngumasipala futhi yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Kairouan, eThuniziya.
Ingqwangqwa (kumchazampilo)
Kumchazampilo, ingqwangqwa ucwaningo lwenjulalwazi lokwetha, ukuchasisa kanye nokujinja amaqembu  eziphili ngokusekelwe ezicini zazo ezifanayo.
Mchinji
IMchinji yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Central, eMalawi.
Tenta (woreda)
ITenta yi-woreda engaphansi kwesifundazwe se Amhara, e-Itiyopiya.
IHollywood Roosevelt Ihhotela
IHollywood Roosevelt Ihhotela iyihhotela elinomlando eliseHollywood, eLos Angeles, eCalifornia. Yakhiwa ngo-1926 futhi yavulwa ngoMeyi 15 walowo nyaka. Ihhotela laqanjwa ngoMongameli Theodore Roosevelt futhi laliyihhotela lokuqala eHollywood. Futhi bekungelinye lamahhotela okuqala e-United States ukuba ne-air conditioning. Ihhotela libe nezivakashi eziningi ezidumile kuwo wonke umlando walo, okuhlanganisa u-Clark Gable, u-Carole Lombard, no-Marilyn Monroe. Kuphinde kwaba isizinda semicimbi eminingi edumile, okuhlanganisa nomcimbi wokuqala wama-Academy Awards ngo-1929. Ihhotela lalungiswa kakhulu ngo-2005 futhi lisaqhubeka nokusebenza njengehhotela eliwubukhazikhazi kuze kube namuhla.
Izinganekwane zesipoki
Ihhotela kuthiwa ligcwele imimoya eminingi. Enye eyaziwa kakhulu ngekaMontgomery Clift, umlingisi owahlala egumbini 928 ngenkathi eqopha ifilimu ethi "From Here to Eternity." Izivakashi zibike ukuthi zibona isipoki sakhe esibukweni futhi zizwa ukuba khona egumbini. Esinye isipoki okuthiwa sihlasela ihhotela ngekaMarilyn Monroe, owayehlala ehhotela iminyaka emibili ekuqaleni komsebenzi wakhe. Izivakashi nabasebenzi babike ukuthi babone isipoki sakhe ephasishi nasesibukweni sesaluni yobuhle yehhotela. Isipoki sikaConrad Hilton ongumsunguli waleli hhotela kuthiwa sike sabonwa ehhotela, kukhona nengane eyisipoki nenja yesipoki.
Isimo samanje
Ihhotela laseHollywood Roosevelt lisavuliwe futhi lisebenza njengehhotela eliwubukhazikhazi. Iyaqhubeka nokuba yindawo edumile yezivakashi nosaziwayo abavakashela e-Los Angeles. Inikeza izivakashi izinketho zamakamelo ahlukahlukene, kusukela emakamelweni ezivakashi ajwayelekile kuya kuma-suites nama-bungalows. Ihhotela liyaqhubeka nokubamba imicimbi namaphathi, futhi liyindawo edumile yokushuthwa kwefilimu nethelevishini. Sekukonke, Ihhotela laseHollywood Roosevelt lihlala liyindawo ephawulekayo e-Hollywood kanye nendawo ethandwayo evakashelwa izivakashi e-Los Angeles.
Lékoumou Department
ILékoumou yisifundazwe sase Khongo-Brazzaville.
Kole District
IKole yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Northern, eYuganda. Isiqongo salesifunda yi-Kole.
ILouwsburg
ILouwsburg yidolobha elincane eliKwaZulu-Natali, eNingizimu Afrika.
Imithombo
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Ice cap climate
I-Ice cap climate wuhlobo lwesimo sezulu lapho khona amazinga okubanda ehlezi eku-0°C (32°F). Loluhlobo lwesimo sezulu lutholakala e-Antarctica kanye nase Greenland. Uphawu lwalesimo sezulu kwi-Köppen climate classification yilolu (EF).
IKeimoes
IKeimoes yidolobha eliseNyakatho Kapa, eNingizimu Afrika.
IRouxville
IRouxville yidolobha elincane eliseFuleyisitata, eNingizimu Afrika.
Mandisa Thomas
UMandisa Lateefah Thomas (owazalwa ngo-1976)ungumsunguli nomongameli we-Black Nonbelievers Inc. Uke wakhuluma ezingqungqutheleni nasemicimbini yezwe, futhi wakhuthaza i-ajenda yeqembu emithonjeni yezindaba.
Impilo yokuqala nemvelaphi
Ukukhuliswa kukaThomas bekusemkhayeni ongahlangene nenkolo, onomzali oyedwa, kepha uchaza ugogo wakhe njengomuntu “okholwayo okholwayo”.Ngesikhathi eneminyaka engamashumi amabili nanye, uThomas wathuthela e- Atlanta nomyeni wakhe, lapho amasiko enza ukuthi kube nzima ukuphila impilo yezwe.Lesi sehlakalo samholela ekutholeni Abangakholwa Abamnyama.
Mponela
IMponela yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Central, eMalawi.
Mandisa Thomas
Impilo yokuqala nemvelaphi
Ubheka inkolo, futhi ubuKristu ikakhulukazi, ukuthi buye bangena ebuntwini base-Afrika-baseMelika ngenkani.
Ubushoshovu
UThomas ukhulume eMhlanganweni Kazwelonke Wama-American Atheists ka-2013 .Ngawo lowo nyaka wahlela iBlackout Secular Rally eNew York, umcimbi wokuqala ongaphandle wase-United States owawuholwa ngabangabonakali ngokwebala, kanye nomhlangano wokuqala wezwe owawugubha ukwehluka ngokobuhlanga. Ubonga u-Ayanna Watson ngokusiza ekuthuthukiseni umqondo ngemuva kokuphumelela kweReason Rally ka-2012.
Ku-2017, uThomas waziwa ngegama kumthethosivivinywa (i-SCR-79) owethulwe yiSenator kahulumeni uRichard Pan, futhi wamukelwa yiCalifornia State Senate, ememezela u-Okthoba 15, 2017 njengomgubho waminyaka yonke we-16 weCalifornia Freethought Day.
UThomas wenze ukubonakala kwezingxoxo emithonjeni yezindaba kubandakanya i- CBS News, i -Closer Look [14] WABE FM 90.1, i -Code Switch podcast ye-NPR kanye nohlelo lwe- Freedom From Religion Foundation lwe- Freethought Radio. Uboniswe ezincwadini ezibandakanya <i id="mwSw">umagazini iJet</i> ne- Playboy, futhi ubhale izingcezu zemibono yezitolo ezibandakanya i- CNN. Amakhredithi akhe okulingisa afaka phakathi i-Mythicist Milwaukee Show, kanye nama-documentary Contradiction (2013), [16] Racial Taboo (2013),kanye ne- My Week in Atheism (2014).
Abangakholwa Abamnyama
UThomas wasungula iBlack Nonbelievers, Inc. e2011, njengenhlangano engenzi nzuzo, ubudlelwano bezwe.Izinhloso zayo zifaka phakathi ukuqeda ukucwaswa, ukwandisa ukubonakala, nokunikeza ukwesekwa kanye namathuba okuxhumana nabantu ngokungekholelwa emphakathini wase-Afrika-waseMelika. Ubuholi benhlangano ikakhulu ngabesifazane, futhi buhlanganisa ukumelwa kwe- LGBTQ futhi inezahluko emadolobheni ayishumi ase-US.Isebenzisana nezinye izinhlangano zezwe ezibandakanya i- African American for Humanism, Openly Secular kanye neFreedom From Religion Foundation.
Ukubhoboza umzimba
Ukubhoboza umzimba, okuyinto uhlobo umzimba ukuguqulwa, umkhuba puncturing noma ukusika ingxenye enkulu yomzimba womuntu, ukudala kunesikhala lapho imigexo kungenzeka ezigugile noma lapho i nolwelwesi ungase bufakwe. Igama ukubhoboza lingabhekisela esenzweni noma umkhuba wokubhoboza umzimba, noma ekuvulekeni emzimbeni okudalwe yilesi senzo noma umkhuba.Futhi, nge- metonymy, kungabhekiswa kumhlobiso oholelekile, noma kubucwebe bokuhlobisa obusetshenzisiwe.Ukufakelwa kokubhoboza kuguqula iphrofayili yomzimba kanye / noma yesikhumba nokubukeka (isb. Imicu yegolide efakwe ngaphansi, i-platinamu, i-titanium noma okufakwayo kwebanga lensimbi).Yize umlando wokubhoboza umzimba ufihliwe ukwaziswa okungelona iqiniso nokuntuleka kwezethenjwa zezifundiswa, bukhona ubufakazi obanele bokubhala ukuthi bekwenziwa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene ngabobulili obuhlukahlukene kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo emhlabeni wonke.
Bilene
IBilene yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Gaza, eMozambiki.
Ukubhoboza umzimba
Imikhuba yokubhoboza umzimba yesimanje igcizelela ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokubhoboza umzimba eziphephile, njalo kusetshenziswa amathuluzi akhethekile enzelwe inhloso.Ukubhoboza umzimba kuyinqubo ehlaselayo enezingozi ezithile, kufaka phakathi ukusabela okweqile, ukutheleleka, ukusikeka ngokweqile kanye nokulimala okungalindelekile komzimba, kodwa izindlela zokuzivikela ezinjengezinqubo zokubhoboza indle nokunakekelwa ngemuva kokunakekelwa kuyagcizelelwa ukunciphisa amathuba okuhlangabezana nezinkinga ezinkulu.Isikhathi sokuphulukiswa esidingekayo ekubhobozeni umzimba singahluka kakhulu ngokuya ngendawo ebekiwe, kusukela esikhathini esingangenyanga kokunye ukubhoboza izitho zangasese kuya eminyakeni emibili egcwele yenkaba.Okunye ukubhoboza kungaba nzima kakhulu, kuholele ekulahlweni.
Umlando
Ukuzihlobisa komzimba kusanda kuba yindaba yocwaningo olunzulu ngabafundi bemivubukulo, abavinjelwe ukutadisha ukubhoboza umzimba ngokushoda kwemithombo eyinhloko.Amarekhodi okuqala ayeqabukela exoxa ngokusetshenziswa kokubhoboza noma okuchazayo, kanti ngenkathi ubucwebe buvamile phakathi kwempahla emikhulu, ukonakala kwenyama eyayikade ihlobisile kwenza kube nzima ukubona ukuthi ubucwebe kungenzeka busetshenziswe kanjani. Futhi, irekhodi lesimanje livuselelwe ngokwakhiwa kwekhulu lama-20 lomthandi womdlandla wokubhoboza uDoug Malloy. Ngawo-1960s nango-1970, uMalloy wakhangisa ukubhoboza umzimba wanamuhla ngokukunikeza umlando wezinto ezibonakalayo.Incwajana yakhe ethi Body & Genital Piercing in Brief ifake izinganekwane zasemadolobheni ezivame ukwenziwa kabusha ezifana nombono wokuthi uPrince Albert wasungula ukubhoboza okwabelana ngegama lakhe ukuze anciphise ukubonakala kwepipi lakhe elikhulu ebhulukweni eliqinile, nokuthi izinduna zempi zaseRoma zinamathisele izigqoko zazo kwingono ukubhoboza.Ezinye izinganekwane zikaMalloy ziphinde zanyatheliswa njengeziyiqiniso emlandweni osanda kushicilelwa wokubhoboza.
Ukubhoboza amakhala
KuGenesise 24:22, inceku ka-Abrahama yanikeza uRebecca indandatho yempumulo.Ukubhoboza amakhala kuye kwenziwa yizizwe zamaBedouin aseMiddle East kanye nabantu baseBerber nabaseBeja base-Afrika,kanye nabomdabu base-Australia .Izizwe eziningi zomdabu waseMelika nezase-Alaska zazenza ukubhoboza i-septum. Kwakudumile phakathi kwama- Aztec, amaMeya kanye nezizwe zaseNew Guinea, ababehlobisa amakhala abo abhoboziwe ngamathambo nezimpaphe ukukhombisa ingcebo kanye (naphakathi kwamadoda) ubungqabavu.Igama lesizwe saseNez Perce lisuselwe kulo mkhuba, yize ukubhoboza amakhala bekungajwayelekile esizweni.Ama-Aztec, Mayans futhi Inca egqoka igolide septum izindandatho ngoba ukuhloba, umkhuba saqhubeka kwaze kwaba namuhla yi Kuna ePanama. Ukubhoboza ikhala nakho kuhlala kuthandwa ePakistan naseBangladesh futhi kwenziwa emazweni amaningi aseMpumalanga Ephakathi kanye nase-Arab.
Ukubhoboza udebe nolimi
Kwamanye amasiko e-Pre-Columbian naseNyakatho Melika, ama-labrets abonwa njengophawu lwesimo.Kwakuyifomu endala kunazo zonke yezimpawu eziphakeme zabesifazane bakwaHaida, yize umkhuba wokuzigqoka waphela ngenxa yethonya laseNtshonalanga.
Ingono, inkaba nokubhoboza izitho zangasese
Umlando wokubhoboza ingono, ukubhoboza inkaba, nokubhoboza izitho zangasese ubekwe kabi kabi yimisebenzi ephrintiwe eqhubeka nokuphinda izinganekwane ezazisakazwa ekuqaleni nguMalloy epheshaneni i- Body & Genital Piercing in Brief. Isibonelo, ngokusho kukazakwabo kaMalloy uJim Ward, uMalloy wathi ukubhoboza inkaba kwakuthandwa kakhulu kwizikhulu zakudala zaseGibhithe futhi kuboniswa esifanekisweni saseGibhithe, isimangalo esiphindaphindwa kakhulu.Eminye imithombo ithi awekho amarekhodi asekela umkhuba ongokomlando wokubhoboza inkaba.
Ukukhula kokuthandwa eNtshonalanga
Umkhuba wokubhoboza umzimba ungaphansi kwemikhuba nemfashini.Izinkinobho zeBelly nokubhoboza ishiya kwakuthandwa kakhulu ngeminyaka yama-1990 lapho ukuthambekela kokugwaza kwangena kokujwayelekile.Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukubhoboza i-septum nokubhoboza ingono kubhekwa njengemfashini kakhulu.Ngokwengeziwe, umkhuba we-ear lobe gauging noma welula usuthandwa kakhulu ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka.
Izizathu zokubhoboza
Ukubhoboza kuhlangene nokumiswa kwakubalulekile ngokomlando emicimbini yenkolo yabanye abomdabu baseMelika, eyayinokuhlukahluka okuningi komkhosi weSun Dance kufaka phakathi lokho okwakwenziwa yiCrow Nation .Ngesikhathi somcimbi weCrow, amadoda ayefisa ukuthola imibono ayegwazwa emahlombe noma esifubeni ngamadoda ayekade enza lo mcimbi esikhathini esedlule abese emiswa yilokhu kubhoboza okuvela ezigxotsheni ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle kweSun Dance Lodge.Eminye imikhuba yesikhathi eseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia nayo yenza ukubhoboza umzimba, njengendlela yokuzilimaza ngokomoya.Ngokuvamile, isihloko sizama ukufaka i-analgesic trance ngaphambi kokubhoboza.
Ubuntombi
Ubuntombi yisimo somuntu ongakaze aye ocansini. Kunamasiko namasiko ezenkolo abeka ukubaluleka okukhethekile nokubaluleka kulesi sifundazwe, ikakhulu kubantu besifazane abangashadile, okuhambisana nemibono yokuhlanzeka komuntu siqu, udumo nokubaluleka.
Thanda ubumsulwa, umqondo zobuntombi ngokuvamile abathintekayo nangokuthi bayazithiba ekulaleni nabesifazane.Umqondo wobuntombi ngokuvamile ubandakanya izindaba zokuziphatha noma ezenkolo futhi ungaba nemiphumela maqondana nesimo senhlalo kanye nobudlelwano phakathi kwabantu.Yize ubuntombi bunemithelela emphakathini futhi buye baba nemithelela ebalulekile kwezomthetho kweminye imiphakathi esikhathini esedlule, abunamphumela osemthethweni emiphakathini eminingi namuhla.
Etymology
Igama lesiLatini kungenzeka ukuthi lavela ngokufaniswa nesudi yama- lexemes asuselwa ku- vireo, okusho ukuthi "ukuba luhlaza, okusha noma ukuqhakaza", ikakhulukazi ngesethenjwa se-botanic -ikakhulukazi i- virga okusho "isiqephu sezinkuni".
Nosipho Dumisa
UNosipho Dumisa ungumbhali nomqondisi waseNingizimu Afrika. Ubhale futhi waqondisa ifilimu yakhe yokuqala, i-the thriller crime(2014, ngesiBhunu ).Uphinde waqondisa uhlelo lweNetflix "iGaziNamanzi(2020)".Usebenza namaGambit Films, awasungula ngokubambisana.Ubuye wakhiqiza nemisebenzi, njenge-opera yolimi lwesiBhunu iSuidooster.
Imisebenzi yakhe ikhonjiswe eNingizimu neNingizimu-ntshonalanga futhi yawina imiklomelo yamazwe omhlaba.
UDumisa ungumZulu, kodwa ufunde isiBhunu esikoleni.Imisebenzi yakhe ijwayele ukufaka iKapa, iNingizimu Afrika njengesizinda.
Igama Labantu Abahlala Kuleyondawo
Igama Labantu Abahlala Kuleyondawo ngamafuphi (ILAK) yigama elisetshenziswa ngabantu abahlala endaweni ethize, leligama kungaba yigama abazibiza ngalo noma ababizwa ngalo. Leligama kungaba yigama labantu abahlala ezweni, elokishini, esifundazweni, ezwenikazi noma edolobheni elithize.
izibonelo
Leligama libuye lisetshenziswe ngabantu bobuzwe obubodwa njengesizwe saKwaZulu, abantu abangaphansi kwesizwe saKwaZulu bazibiza ngamaZulu.
Bouenza Department
IBouenza yisifundazwe sase Khongo-Brazzaville.
Téssala District
ITéssala yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Sidi Bel Abbès, e-Aljeriya.
EMahlabathini
EMahlabathini yidolobha elincane eliKwaZulu-Natali, eNingizimu Afrika.
INguqulo yeziMboni yesine
INguquko yesiNe yeziMboni, 4IR, noma Izimboni 4.0, icabangisisa ushintsho olusheshayo kwezobuchwepheshe, izimboni, nezifanelo zomphakathi kanye nezinqubo ekhulwini lama-21 ngenxa yokwanda kokuxhumana kanye nehleleleko esithatha. Leli gama lisetshenziswa kabanzi ezincwadini zesayensi, futhi ngowezi-2015 ladunyiswa ngu-Klaus Schwab, umsunguli nosihlalo wesiDlangala sezoMnotho soMhlaba (The World Economic Forum). U-Schwab wagamela ngokuthi izinguquko esizibonayo zingaphezu kokuthuthukiswa ukuze sisebenze kahle, kodwa ziveza ukugudluka okuphawulekayo kwezobugombelakwesakhe bezemboni.
Ingxenye yalesigaba soshintsho lwezimboni ukuhlanganiswa kwezobuchwepheshe ezifana nohlakahlisombulu, ukuhlela izifuzisi (gene editing), kuya kwezubuthununu ezithuthukisiwe ezifiphaza umehluko phakathi kwezwe loqobo, lwezezibhangqiwe, nelemvelo.
Kukho konke lokhu, ukugudluka okuyisisekelo okwenzekayo endleleni uxhoxho lokukhiqiza nokuhlinzeka lomhlaba eligidinga ngayo ngokuhlelelekwa okuqhubekayo kwezindlela zokukhiqiza nokukhanda zakuqala, kusetshenziswa ezobuchwepheshe ezintwesi zanamuhla, ukuxhumana kwezinga elikhulu kwenguxa-nenguxa (M2M), kanye noxhakaxholo lwezinto (IoT). Lokhu kuhlayizwa kube nomphumela wukukhula kwenhleleleko, ukuthuthuka kwezokuxhumana nokuzalusa-siqu, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinguxa ezintwesi ezikwazi ukuhlaziya nokuxilonga izindaba ngaphandle kwesidingo sokungenela komuntu.
Kuphinde kumelele ugudluko lomphakathi, umbusazwe nomnotho kusuka enkathini yezezibhangqiwe yasekupheleni kweminyaka ye-1990 nasekuqaleni kweminyaka yezi-2000 kuya enkathini yoxhumano olufakelelwe oluhlukaniswa ukusebenza-ndawozonke (omni-use) nokufana kokusebenza kwezobuchwepheshe emphakathini wonke (e.g. a metaverse) okuguqula izindlela abantu abangcwetha ngayo futhi bazuze nolwazi lwezwe elibazungezile. Kuphakamisa ukuthi sesidale futhi sisengena kwinGempela lomphakathi elojotshelelwe (augmented social reality) uma liqhathaniswa nokuzwa okungokwemvelo namakhono wezimboni wabantu kukodwa.
Umlando
Umushwana othi iNguquko yeziMboni yesine wangeniswa okokuqala ithimba labosonzululwazi ababethuthukisela uhulumeni waseJakimani iqhingasu lobunyonico obuphezulu. UKlaus Schwab, ongusihlalo wesigungu sesiDlangala sezoMnotho soMhlaba (World Economic Forum (WEF)), wangenisa lomushwana ezihlweleni ezibanzi ngonyaka ka- 2015 kwisibhalwa esashicilelwa uMnyango wezangaphandle. "Ukuhuqaza iNguquko yeziMboni yesine" ("Mastering the Fourth Industrial Revolution") kwakuyisihloko sango-2016 soMhlangano woNyaka wesiDlangala sezoMnotho soMhlaba (World Economic Forum Annual Meeting), e-Davos-Klosters, kwelase-Switzerland.
Mhla zili-10 Kumfumfu 2016, lesiDlangala samemezela ukuvulwa kwesiKhungo seNguquko yeziMboni yesine e-San Francisco. Lokhu kwabuye kwaba isihloko sencwadi kaSchwab yangowezi-2016. U-Schwab uhlanganisa kulenkathi yesine ezobuchwepheshe ezivuba ubuxhakansebenzo (hardware), izinhlelokusebenza (software), nomchazampilo (cyber-physical systems), futhi ugcizelela intuthuko kwezokuxhumana noxhumano. U-Schwab ulindela ukuba lenkathi iphawulwe ezobuchwepheshe ezisafufusa eziqopha umlando emikhakheni efana nezobuthununu, uhlakahlisombulu, ubuchwepheshenci (nanotechnology), ukuCikiza ngomngako (quantum computing), ubuchwepheshempilo (biotechnology), uxhakaxholo lwezinto, uxhakaxholo lwezinto lwezimboni, ukuvumelana okunyombonisiwe, ezobuchwepheshe ezingenantambo zohlobo lwesihlanu (5G), ukushicilela ngemiyinge emithathu (3D printing), nezithuthi zenhleleleko ngokugcwele.
Esiphakamisweni esithi "The Great Reset" se-WEF, iNguquko yeziMboni yesine ifakwe njengobuhlakani beqhingasu esixazululweni sokwakha kabusha umnotho uzolondolozeka ngemuva kobhadane lwe-COVID-19.
INguqulo yeziMboni yokuqala
INguqulo yeziMboni yokuqala yaphawulwa ushintsho olusuka ekukhiqizeni ngezandla kuya ezinguxeni ngokusetshenziswa kwamandla womusi namandla wamanzi. Ukugunundwa kwezobuchwepheshe ezintsha kwadla isikhathi eside, ngakho leyo nkathi okubhekiselwa kuyo iphakathi kowe-1760 nowe-1820, kanye nowe-1849 kwelaseYurophu naseMelika. Umthelela nomphumela wayo wabonakala ekukhiqizweni kwendangu, okwaba yikho okwamukela lolo shintsho, kanjalo nezimboni zensimbi, ezolimo, nezokuvukuza nakuba ibe nomthelela wezenhlalo ikakhulu esigabeni esiphakathi.
INguqulo yeziMboni yesibili
INguqulo yeziMboni yesibili, eyaziwa nangokuthi INguqulo yezobuchwepheshe, inkathi emaphakathu kowe-1871 nowe-1914 eyaba ngumphumela wokufakwa kukajantshi namaxhoxho wocingo, okwavumela ukudluliswa ngokushesha kwabantu namasu, kanye nokufakwa kwamazuba. Ukufakwa kwamazuba okwandayo kwavumela imikhando ukuba ithuthukise izindlela zokukhiqiza zanamuhla. Lena kwakuyinkathi yokukhula komnotho, ukukhula ekukhiqizeni, okwaba yosisusa sokuqubuka kokusweleka komsebenzi njengoba izisebenzi zasemikhando zazinanwa izinguxa.
INguqulo yeziMboni yesithathu
INguqulo yeziMboni yesithathu, eyaziwa nangokuthi INguqulo yezezibhangqiwe, yenzeka ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20, emva kokuphela kwezimpi zomhlaba ezimbili, okwaba womphumela wokuba lusilili kwezezimboni nasekuphuculeni kwezobuchwepheshe uma uqhathaniswa nezinkathi zangaphambili. Ukukhiqizwa kwesicikizi Z1, esasisebenzisa amanani amabhangqa nomhluza ka-Boolean, kwaba isiqalo sokuthuthukiswa kwezezibhangqiwe eziphuculiwe. Intuthuko elandelayo nebalulekile kwezobuchwepheshe bokuxhumana kwaba isicikizikhulu, nokusetshenziswa kabanzi kwezobuchwepheshe besicikizi nobezokuxhumana emdludlungweni wokuKhiqiza; izinguxa zaqala ukungasawadingi amandla womuntu.
Mua, Malawi
IMua yisigodi esikwisifundazwe se Central, eMalawi. Lesigodi singaphansi kwesifunda se Dedza.
Nasrallah, Thuniziya
INasrallah ngumasipala futhi yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Kairouan, eThuniziya.
IKenhardt
IKenhardt yidolobha elincane eliseNyakatho Kapa, eNingizimu Afrika.
Namitete
INamitete yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Central, eMalawi.
Muntu Nxumalo
UMuntu Nxumalo (owazalwa ngo-1957) ungumculi waseNingizimu Afrika.
Ukuboshwa
UNxumalo wazalelwa wakhulela eThekwini, eNingizimu Afrika. Ngo-1977 wajoyina uMkhonto weSizwe (noma "MK"),uphiko lwezempi lwe- African National Congress. Ngonyaka olandelayo waboshwa, wabekwa icala lokuvukela umbuso nokuzama ukubulala, wagwetshwa iminyaka engama-22 ejele laseRobben Island, lapho aboshwa khona kusukela ngomhlaka 30 Novemba 1978 kuya kumhlaka 27 Ephreli 1991.
Umhibatho
Kumchazampilo, umhibatho izinga lokujinja uqhiwu lobungqwangqwa olungaphansi kombuso nangaphezulu kwesigaba.
Ambassel
I-Ambassel yi-woreda engaphansi kwesifundazwe se Amhara, e-Itiyopiya.
Isifakazelo sokuzalwa
Isifakazelo sokuzalwa siyisiqoshwa esimqoka esiqopha ukuzalwa komuntu. Ibizo elithi "isifakazelo sokuzalwa" lingabhekisela encwadini yokuqala efakazela izimo zokuzalwa noma kwisifaniselo esifakazelwe esiwumohumela wokubhaliswa kwalokho kuzalwa. Kuye nangezifunda, isiqoshwa sokuzalwa singaqukatha isiqinisekiso sesenzakalo senyanga.
ISmithfield, IFuleyisitata
ISmithfield yidolobha elincane eliseFuleyisitata, eNingizimu Afrika.
ILime Acres
ILime Acres yidolobha eliseNyakatho Kapa, eNingizimu Afrika.
Isifakazelo sokuzalwa
Impokophelo eLondolozekayo yeZizwe eziBumbene ye-17, eyingxenye eyinhloko yohlu lwezenzo 2030, inomgcibisho wokukhulisa ukutholakala ngesikhathi kwemininingo emayelana neminyaka, ubulili, ubuzwe nezinye izici ezifanele, lezo izincwadi ezinjengesifakazelo zokuzalwa ezinamandla wokuyihlinzeka.
Nosipho Makamba-Botya
UNosipho Makamba-Botya ungusopolitiki waseNingizimu Afrika osebenza njengelungu lePhalamende Lesifundazwe saseNtshonalanga Kapa le- Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF).Ube yi-MPP ngoMeyi 2019 futhi usebenza njengosotswebhu weqembu. UMakamba-Botya ubuye abe yiphini likasihlalo we-EFF esifundazweni.
Menzel Mehiri
IMenzel Mehiri ngumasipala futhi yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Kairouan, eThuniziya.
Kotido District
IKotido yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Northern, eYuganda. Isiqongo salesifunda yi-Kotido.
Pool Department
IPool yisifundazwe sase Khongo-Brazzaville.
Isifakazelo sokufa
Isifakazelo sokufa kungaba incwadi engokomthetho ekhishwe inyanga yokwelapha eshoyo ukuthi umuntu ufe nini, noma incwadi ekhishwe ihhovisi lokubhaliswa kwabantu likahulumeni, eveza usuku, indawo nembangela yokufa komuntu, njengoba zibhaliwe encwadini ebhalisa izifo.
Catandica
ICatandica yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Manica, eMozambiki.
Annaba District
I-Annaba yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Annaba, e-Aljeriya.
Isifakazelo sokufa
Isifakazelo sokufa esisemthethweni sivame ukudingeka lapho kufakwa isicelo sesigqibo sempahla yongasekho. Siyafuneka nalapho kwenziwa ucwaningo lohlu lozalo. Ihhovisi lokubhalisa likahulumeni yilona okuvame ukuba lihlinzeke ngemininingwane yezifo, ngaphandle kokukhipha isifakazelo sokufa, lokhu kwenzelwa ukuba izinhlangano zikahulumeni zithuthukise iziqoshwa zazo, ezifana nencwadi yohlu lwabakhethi, izinzuzo zikahulumeni ezikhokhiwe, iziqoshwa zezincwadi zokuhamba, ukudluliswa kwamafa njll.
Uhlu lwezifundazwe zaseThanzaniya ngokwezinga lentuthuko yabantu
Ngezansi uhlu lwezifundazwe zase Thanzaniya ngokwezinga lentuthuko yabantu onyakeni wezi-2018.
Lamwo District
ILamwo yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Northern, eYuganda. Isiqongo salesifunda yi-Lamwo.
ISpringfontein
ISpringfontein yidolobha elincane eliseFuleyisitata, eNingizimu Afrika.
Mandisa Monakali
UMandisa Monakali uyisikhulumi esidlangalaleni, uthisha, usonhlalonhle, umcwaningi, ummeli, ummeli, umphathi wephrojekthi, umhleli wamasu, umhlangano wokusebenzela nomhleli womphakathi.Ungumsunguli noMqondisi oMkhulu we- Ilitha Labantu.
Begünhan Elif Ünsal
UBegünhan Elif Ünsal (owazalwa ngoJanuwari 4, 1993) ungumcibisheli waseTurkey.
Mandisa Monakali
I-Ilitha yinhlangano yezenhlalakahle yaseNingizimu Afrika nenhlangano yezemfundo, inhlangano engenzi nzuzo / inhlangano engekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni (NGO). Kuyinhlangano esebenza futhi enikezela ngezinsizakalo kwimiphakathi eyayincishwe amathuba eGugulethu, emalokishini (eNingizimu Afrika) kuyo yonke iNtshonalanga Kapa. UMandisa ubamba iqhaza emhlabeni jikelele ezingqungqutheleni nasemicimbini emele i-Ilitha neNingizimu Afrika.I-Ilitha Labantu yasungulwa ngo-1989. Yabhaliswa njenge-Not for Profit eNingizimu Afrika noMnyango Wezokuthuthukiswa Komphakathi ngo-2003. Yinhlangano ekhuthaza ukuthula nentuthuko igxile ekufukuleni umnotho, nokuqeda udlame olubhekiswe kwabesifazane.
Kutaber (woreda)
IKutaber yi-woreda engaphansi kwesifundazwe se Amhara, e-Itiyopiya.
Begünhan Elif Ünsal
Impilo yangasese
UBegünhan Elif Ünsal wazalelwa e- Isparta, eTurkey ngoJanuwari 4, 1993. Ngemuva kokuphothula isikole samabanga aphakeme i-Altınbaşak College, wafunda iSayensi Yezemidlalo e-Faculty of Health Science eSüleyman Demirel University edolobheni langakubo.
Mandisa Monakali
Umsebenzi
UMandisa Monakali uchithe iningi lempilo yakhe yokuba mdala ekuthuthukiseni abantu nomphakathi, egxile kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ubulili nasekuqeqesheni ubuholi kwabesifazane nentsha.
UMandisa Monakali noLitha Musyimi-Ogana onguMqondisi Wesifunda we-The African Centre for Empowerment eKenya bahlele iSitimela Sokuthula Kwabesifazane ngesikhathi seNgqungquthela Yomhlaba Yokubamba Intuthuko Esimeme (WSSD) ngo-2002, ngo-Agasti 27-Septhemba 4, 2002. Isitimela Sokuthula Kwabesifazane sisuke eRwanda siya eNingizimu Afrika. Abesifazane abavela emazweni amaningana ase-Afrika baphelekezela iSitimela Sokuthula ukuyonxenxa nokufuna ukuthi kuphele izimpi nodweshu emazweni abo. Inhloso Yesitimela Sokuthula njengoba kushiwo ezimemweni abazithumele; "Ukudlulisa umyalezo oqinile kubaholi bamazwekazi, abaphehli bezimpi, amabutho, abashokobezi, abathengisi bezikhali nabathengisi ezwenikazi i-Afrika ukuthi abesifazane bafuna ukuthula nokuzinza kwezingane zabo nezizukulwane ezizayo futhi bacele abaholi bezindandatho nabenzi balokhu. izimpi zokubaqeda ngokushesha. " Umlayezo oya ku-WSSD bekungukuthi kungaba nentuthuko eqhubekayo ngaphandle kokubhekana nokuthula. I-Africa Women Peace Train yethulwe eKampala, e-Uganda ngo-Agasti 15 ngomcimbi lapho kwamukelwa khona iSibani Sokuthula. I-Peace Train yadabula iKenya, Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia, Mozambique, Botswana futhi yaphelela eGoli, eNingizimu Afrika engqungqutheleni yomhlaba ebibizwa nge-Sustainable Development (WSSD) ngomhlaka 25 Agasti 2002. Uyilungu le-Women's Environment and Development Organisation (WEDO), futhi wahlela iTende Lokusebenza Lwabesifazane Engqungqutheleni Yomhlaba Yentuthuko Eqhubekayo.