cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Isifuzisi
Kumchazampilo, igama elithi isifuzisi, elihlobene nelithi ufuzo lingaba nezincazelo eziningana ezahlukene. Kodwa esikwaziyo ukuthi izifuzisi ziyingxenye yoLibofuzo. ULibofuzo luyichembe elingaphakathi kwengqamuzana elithwala iziyalezo zokwenza izakhamzimba ezizodingwa ingqamuzana. Isifuzisi ngasinye siqukethe iqoqo elilodwa leziyalezo. Lezi ziyalezo imvama ziguqukezelela isakhamzimba esikhethekile. Abantu banezifuzisi ezingaba yizi-20 000 eziguqukezelela izakhamzimba kanye nezinye eziningi ezingaguqukezeleli. Ingxenye yezifuzisi zomuntu zivela kunina. Ingxenye esele yona ivela kuyise.
Madingou District
IMadingou yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Bouenza, eKhongo-Brazzaville.
EMdantsane
IMdantsane yinxuluma eliseMpumalanga Kapa, eNingizimu Afrika, futhi lingamagxathunkulu angama-37 (km) kude nesidlidli iQonce. Liyinxuluma lesibili ngobukhulu eNingizimu Afrika kulandela i-Soweto eseGoli.
IZizwe Ezihlangene
Inhlangano yeZizwe Ezihlangene iyinhlangano yamazwe ngamazwe ayi-193.
M'Lili
IM'Lili ngumasipala futhi yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Biskra, e-Aljeriya.
El Battan
I-El Battan ngumasipala futhi yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Manouba, eThuniziya.
Thembinkosi Lorch
UThembinkosi Lorch oteketiswa ngelika "Nyoso" waqala umsebenzi wakhe eMaluti FET College FC kwathi ngemuva komdlalo neJomo Cosmos, wathola ucingo luvela kuScreamer Tshabalala emtshela ukuthi iPirates inentshisekelo ngaye.Umdlalo wakhe wokuqala wePSL wawudlala neFree State Stars, edlalela iChippa United ebolekiswe ku-Orlando Pirates. Ingoma kaDJ Maphorisa noKabza De Small ka-2019, esihloko sithi Lorch,yagqugquzelwa futhi yaqanjwa ngaye.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Kusukela ngoJuni 2021, uLorch ubethandana nomlingisi uNatashe Thahane.
Al Faw District, Al Qadarif
I-Al Faw yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Al Qadarif, eSudan.
Shekosh (woreda)
IShekosh yidolobha futhi yi-woreda engaphansi kwesifundazwe se Somali, e-Itiyopiya.
Khabzela: The Life And Times Of A South African
UKhabzela: The Life And Times Of A South African yincwadi yango-2005 biography eyabhalwa ngumbali uLiz McGregor ngomfana(owaziwa njengo "Khabzela"), owabulawa yingculazi.
Dodoma Region
IDodoma yisifundazwe sase Thanzaniya. Isiqongo salesifundazwe yi-Dodoma.
Khabzela: The Life And Times Of A South African
UKhabzela ubedume kakhulu kubalaleli beYfm, isiteshi somsakazo sentsha eGauteng.
Amazwibela
Incwadi ilandisa ngendlela umbhali, uLiz McGregor, abuzwa ngayo ngenkathi esebenza njengentatheli ezimele yephephabhuku i-Poz ukuthi abhale indaba ngosaziwayo abamnyama abatheleleke nge- HIV.Ngenkathi uKhabzela ememezela emsakazweni ngo-Ephreli 2003 ukuthi uthelelekile, wabonakala enza isihloko esihle.UMcGregor uxoxisane naye, wabhalela uPoz indaba, wabe eqhubeka nokubhala i-biography ngoba, njengoba ebeka, le ndaba "yangena ngaphansi kwesikhumba sami".
UMcGregor ulandisa ukuthi uKhabzela waduma kanjani eNingizimu Afrika ngemuva kobandlululo, ethokozela udumo kanye nengcebo futhi ephila impilo yobudlova nokuziphatha okuxekethile. Ngemuva kokutheleleka ngegciwane lesandulela ngculaza, uKhabzela waqale wathatha imishanguzo yokuthithibalisa igciwane lesandulela ngculaza kodwa-ke, ehlaselwe "isinqe sabaphulukisi bokholo nabakhipha imishanguzo yemilingo", wancengwa ukuthi ayeke imishanguzo yakhe kodwa asebenzise amakhambi owaka. UKhabzela ushone ngoJanuwari 2004.
Ngasekupheleni kwencwadi, uMcGregor ufaka phakathi amarekhodi ezempilo achaza izinsuku zokugcina zikaKhabzela.UShula Marks ubiza laba "ngokuqinile nangokuthusayo".
Ukwamukelwa okubucayi
KuShula Marks, i-biography ikhombisa ukuthi ukungaqondakali ekwelashweni kwengculazi kwakungeyona nje imiphumela yemiyalo engabazisayo kahulumeni kaThabo Mbeki, kodwa futhi kwakususelwa ezimweni zokugxila emphakathini obanzi waseNingizimu Afrika.
UMaurice Taonezvi Vambe no-Anthony Chennells babhala ukuthi uKhabzela uphakamisa imibuzo ethokozisayo mayelana nomngcele ophakathi kwe-biography kanye ne-autobiography, ngoba awuchazi nje kuphela impilo yesihloko kepha uphinde ulandise okwenzeka kumbhali ngokuhlangana naye.
UNogwaja Shadrack Zulu ubhala ukuthi ngale kokulandisa okungaphezulu kwe-biography, le ncwadi ihlola ipolitiki ezungeze ingculazi ngeminyaka yama-1990 eNingizimu Afrika futhi iphakamisa imibuzo ngemiphumela yokwenqatshwa yingculaza ngaleso sikhathi. UZulu ubheka ukuthi umlando ubheka ingculazi ikakhulukazi njengengqinamba yezokwelapha futhi usebenza njengokuhlaziya ikhambi "lase-Afrika" elikhohlisayo lapho amakhambi angasebenzi – njengezambane lase- Afrika – bathathwa yiziphathimandla zikahulumeni njengendlela yokwelashwa esebenzayo.
UJonny Steinberg ubona le ncwadi "njengeyophenyo" futhi ubhala ukuthi "ibeka obala okungenzeka ukuthi kuyisici esibuhlungu kakhulu kubhubhane [lwengculaza]" – ukuthi noma ngabe lolu daba kukhulunywa ngalo ngokusobala, yinto iNingizimu Afrika ehlulekile ukuzibandakanya nayo ngempumelelo.
UGavin Steingo ubhala ukuthi uMcGregor akaqondi ukuthi kungani uKhabzela enza inkambo eyagcina ngokufa kwakhe, futhi uthola izincazelo zakhe – ukuthi wayefisa ukuzimela noma wayefuna ukugcina ukunakwa okungeziwe okwakulethwa ukugula kwakhe – akukholakali.
Namutumba District
INamutumba yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Eastern, eYuganda. Isiqongo salesifunda yi-Namutumba.
Menz Keya Gebreal
IMenz Keya Gebreal yi-woreda engaphansi kwesifundazwe se Amhara, e-Itiyopiya.
Mouyondzi District
IMouyondzi yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Bouenza, eKhongo-Brazzaville.
Meru County
IMeru yisifundazwe sase Khenya.
Ambriz
I-Ambriz yisigodi futhi ngumasipala okwisifundazwe se Bengo, e-Angola.
Umxingovu
Umxingovu noma imixingovu iqembu lemidlalo yoqwembe yeqhingasu, yabadlali ababili ehilela ukunyakaza okumalungangoni kwezinkomo ezifanayo kanye nokuthumba okuyisibopho okwenzeka ngokweqa izikomo zomufo
Jonah
Yize isidalwa esigwinye uJona sivame ukuvezwa kwezobuciko namasiko njengomkhomo, umbhalo wesiHeberu empeleni usebenzisa ibinzana elithi dag gadol, elisho ukuthi "inhlanzi enkulu".Ngekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa kanye nasekuqaleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalombili, izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezagwinya uJona kwakuyindaba yokuqagela kososayensi bemvelo, abahumusha le ndaba njengendaba yesigameko esingokomlando.Ezinye izazi zesimanje zomlando zithi kunokufana phakathi kukaJona nezinye izinganekwane, ikakhulukazi uGilgamesh neqhawe lesiGreki uJason.
Incwadi kaJona
UJona ungumlingiswa osemqoka eNcwadini kaJona, lapho uNkulunkulu emyala khona ukuba aye edolobheni laseNineve ukuyoprofetha ngalo "ngoba ububi babo obukhulu benyukele phambi kwami," kodwa uJona kunalokho uzama ukubalekela " khona iNkosi "ngokuya Jaffa (ngezinye izikhathi elihunyushwe ngokuthi eJopha noma Joppe), lishone bahamba ngomkhumbi baya yaseTharishishi.Kuqubuka isivunguvungu esikhulu futhi amatilosi, abona ukuthi akusona isiphepho esijwayelekile, enza inkatho athole ukuthi uJona kufanele asolwe.UJona uyakuvuma lokhu futhi uthi uma ephonswa olwandle, isiphepho sizonqamuka.Amatilosi ayenqaba ukwenza lokhu futhi aqhubeka nokugwedla, kodwa yonke imizamo yabo iyahluleka futhi ekugcineni baphonsa uJona olwandle.Ngenxa yalokhu, isiphepho siyadamba futhi amatilosi abe esenikela imihlatshelo kuNkulunkulu.UJona usindiswa ngokuyisimangaliso ngokugwinywa inhlanzi enkulu, ahlala esiswini sayo izinsuku ezintathu nobusuku obuthathu.Ngenkathi esenhlanzini enkulu, uJona uthandaza kuNkulunkulu ekuhluphekeni kwakhe futhi uzibophezele ekunikezeni ukubonga nasekukhokheni lokho athembise ngakho.UNkulunkulu ube eseyala inhlanzi ukuba ihlanze uJona. UNkulunkulu uphinde wayala uJona ukuthi aye eNineve futhi aprofethe kubantu bakhona.Ngalesi sikhathi uyahamba angene emzini, ememeza, "Ezinsukwini ezingamashumi amane iNineve lizobhujiswa."Ngemuva kokuba uJona edabule iNineve, abantu baseNineve baqala ukukholelwa ezwini lakhe futhi bamemezela ukuzila ukudla.Inkosi yaseNineve yembatha indwangu yamasaka futhi ihlala emlotheni, yenza isimemezelo esinquma ukuzila ukudla, ukugqoka izindwangu zamasaka, umkhuleko nokuphenduka.UNkulunkulu ubona izinhliziyo zabo eziphendukayo futhi uyawusindisa umuzi ngaleso sikhathi.Umuzi wonke uthotshisiwe futhi uphukile nabantu (ngisho nezilwane) bembethe indwangu yamasaka nomlotha.
Engakuthokozisi lokhu, uJona ubhekisa ekubalekeleni kwakhe phambilini eTharishishi ngenkathi egcizelela ukuthi, njengoba uNkulunkulu enesihe, bekungenakugwemeka ukuthi uNkulunkulu uzophenduka ezinhlekeleleni ezisongelwayo.Ube eseshiya umuzi azenzele indawo yokukhosela, elinde ukubona ukuthi umuzi uzobhujiswa noma cha.UNkulunkulu ubangela ukuthi isitshalo (ngesiHeberu i- kikayon ) sikhule phezu kwesikhoselo sikaJona ukuze simnikeze umthunzi ovela elangeni.Kamuva, uNkulunkulu ubangela isibungu ukuba silume impande yesitshalo bese siyabuna.UJona, manje esechayeke emandleni agcwele elangeni, uyaquleka futhi unxusa uNkulunkulu ukuthi ambulale.
EbuJudeni
Incwadi kaJona (Yonah יונה) ingomunye wabaprofethi abancane abayishumi nambili abafakwe kwiTanakh.Ngokwesiko elilodwa, uJona wayengumfana owavuswa ngu- Eliya umprofethi ku-1 AmaKhosi.Olunye usiko luthi wayeyindodana yowesifazane waseShunemi owavuswa ngu- Elisha ku-2 AmaKhosi nokuthi ubizwa ngokuthi "indodana ka- Amithayi " ( Iqiniso ) ngenxa ukuqaphela kukanina ukuthi u-Elisha ungumprofethi ku-2 AmaKhosi.I-Book of kukaJona ufunde njalo ngonyaka, ngesiHebheru zalo zokuqala futhi yaphelela, ku Yom Kippur - noSuku Lokubuyisana, njengoba Haftarah ngesikhathi ntambama mincha umthandazo.Ngokusho Rabi-Eliyezeri, izinhlanzi ukuthi uJona kugwinywe sidalwe zangenkathi primordial [36] kanye nengaphakathi lomlomo yayo sasifana esinagogeni ; [36] Amehlo enhlanzi ayenjengamawindi [36] neparele ngaphakathi komlomo walo linikeza ukukhanya okwengeziwe. [36]
Encwadini kaTobit
UJona kukhulunywa ngaye kabili esahlukweni seshumi nane se- deuterocanonical Book of Tobit,isiphetho saso sithola indodana kaTobit, uTobias, ethokoza ngezindaba zokubhujiswa kweNineve nguNebukadinesari no- Ahashiveroshi ngokugcwaliseka okusobala kwesiprofetho sikaJona ngokumelene nenhlokodolobha yase-Asiriya.
Ouled Harkat
I-Ouled Harkat ngumasipala futhi yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Biskra, e-Aljeriya.
Lalela Mswane
ULalela Mswane (Mashi 27, 1997) uyindlovukazi yaseNingizimu Afrika kanye nonobuhle, owawina umncintiswano kaMiss Supranational ngo-2022. Phambilini uqokwe njengoMiss South Africa 2021 waphinde wamela iNingizimu Afrika kuMiss Universe 2021, waqeda endaweni yesithathu.
Jonah
ETestamenteni Elisha
ETestamenteni Elisha, kukhulunywa ngoJona kuMathewu nakuLuka.KwiVangeli likaMathewu, uJesu ubhekisa kuJona lapho ecelwa isibonakaliso ngabanye bababhali nabaFarisi.UJesu uthi isibonakaliso sizoba yisibonakaliso sikaJona : Ukubuyiselwa kukaJona emva kwezinsuku ezintathu ngaphakathi kwenhlanzi enkulu kufanekisela ukuvuka Kwakhe uqobo.
Imibono yangemva kweBhayibheli
Izazi zemfundiso yenkolo ezingamaProthestani Christian baye ngokwesiko ngokuhunyushwa uJona njengomprofethi uhlobo ukuze uJesu Kristu.UJona lapho egwinywe yinhlanzi enkulu wayebhekwa njengesifanekiselo sokubethelwa kukaJesu kanti uJona wavela enhlanzini ngemuva kwezinsuku ezintathu kwabonwa njengokufana kukaJesu ephuma ethuneni ngemuva kwezinsuku ezintathu.UJerome oNgcwele ulinganisa uJona nohlangothi lukaJesu lokushisekela ubuzwe futhi uthethelela izenzo zikaJona ngokuthi "uJona usebenza kanjalo njengomuntu othanda izwe, hhayi kangangoba uzonda abaseNineve, njengoba engafuni ukubhubhisa ezakhe abantu. "
Quran
Jona ( يُونُس   ) isihloko sesahluko seshumi seQuran.UYūnus ngokwesiko ubukwa njengobaluleke kakhulu kumaSulumane njengomprofethi owayethembekile kuNkulunkulu futhi ethula imiyalezo yakhe.UJona ungukuphela komuntu wabaProfethi Abayishumi Nambili Abancane bamaJuda ozoqanjwa eQuran. Ngo Quran 21:87 kanye 68:48, uJona libizwa Dhul-Nun (ذُو ٱلنُّوْن ; okusho ukuthi "Lowo weNhlanzi"). [72] Ku-4: 163 naku-6: 86, ubizwa ngokuthi "umphostoli ka-Allah". ISurah 37: 139-148 ixoxa futhi indaba ephelele kaJona:
I-Quran ayikaze ikhulume ngoyise kaJona, kodwa isiko lamaSulumane lifundisa ukuthi uJona wayevela esizweni sakwaBenjamini nokuthi ubaba wakhe kwakungu- Amittai.
AmaHadiths
UJona uyakhulunywa futhi ngezehlakalo ezimbalwa ngesikhathi sikaMuhammad. AmaKuraysh athumele inceku yabo, u- Addas, ukuthi bayomsebenzela amagilebhisi ukuze baziphilise. UMuhammad wabuza i-Addas ukuthi uvelaphi futhi inceku yaphendula iNineve. "Umuzi kaJona olungile, ndodana ka-Amithayi!" Kubabaza uMuhammad.U-Addas washaqeka ngoba wayazi ukuthi ama-Arabs angamaqaba ayengenalwazi ngomprofethi uJona. Wabe esebuza ukuthi uMuhammad wazi kanjani ngale ndoda. "Singabazalwane," kuphendula uMuhammad."UJona wayengumProfethi kaNkulunkulu futhi nami, ngingumProfethi kaNkulunkulu."U-Addas wamukela ubuSulumane ngokushesha waqabula izandla nezinyawo zikaMuhammad.
I-Epic kaGilgamesh
UJoseph Campbell uphakamisa ukuthi indaba kaJona ifana nesigcawu esivela ku- Epic of Gilgamesh, lapho uGilgamesh athola khona isitshalo kusuka phansi kolwandle.Encwadini kaJona, isibungu (ngesiHeberu tola'ath, "impethu") siluma impande yesitshalo esinikeza umthunzi ibangele ukuthi ibune; kanti ku- Epic of Gilgamesh, uGilgamesh ubophela amatshe ezinyaweni zakhe futhi akhiphe isitshalo sakhe phansi olwandle.Uma esebuyela ogwini, isitshalo esivuselela amandla sidliwa yinyoka.
Menz Lalo Midir
IMenz Lalo Midir yi-woreda engaphansi kwesifundazwe se Amhara, e-Itiyopiya.
Medenine
IMedenine ngumasipala futhi yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Medenine, eThuniziya.
Al Gadaref District
I-Al Gadaref yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Al Qadarif, eSudan.
Ukucwasa ngokwebala
Ukucwasa ngokwebala inkolelo yokuthi amaqembu abantu anezici zokuziphatha ezingafani ezihambisana nezimfanelo ezizuzwe njengefa futhi zingahlukaniswa ngokusekelwe kumpakamo yolunye uhlanga kunolunye. Kungase futhi kusho inhlengo, ukuquphula, noma ubutha obuqondiswe kwabanye abantu ngenxa yokuthi bangabolunye uhlanga noma isizwe.
EMhlangeni, IMpumalanga Kapa
EMhlangeni yindawo eseMpumalanga Kapa, eNingizimu Afrika.
Katavi Region
IKatavi yisifundazwe sase Thanzaniya. Isiqongo salesifundazwe yi-Mpanda.
Ingcinyane
Ingcinyane iyinhlayiyana eyisisekelo esebenza njengenhlayiyana yokushintshana (noma i- gauge boson ) yesiphoqi esiqinile phakathi kwezinkemfe.
Shilavo (woreda)
IShilavo yi-woreda engaphansi kwesifundazwe se Somali, e-Itiyopiya.
Beni Khedache
IBeni Khedache ngumasipala futhi yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Medenine, eThuniziya.
Tharaka-Nithi County
ITharaka-Nithi yisifundazwe sase Khenya.
Bula Atumba
IBula Atumba yidolobha futhi ngumasipala okwisifundazwe se Bengo, e-Angola.
Ech Chaïba
I-Ech Chaïba noma Ouled Rahma ngumasipala futhi yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Biskra, e-Aljeriya.
Isigqezema
Kumchazandalo wezinhlayiyana, isigqezema siyinhlayiyana yeChwe eyinhlanganisela eyakhiwe izinkemfe ezimbili noma ukweqa ezihlanganiswe ukwenanana okuqinile. Ziyefana namachembe ahlanganiswe isiphoqi samazuba. Iningi lesisindo sotho oluvamile siqhamuka ezigqezemeni ezimbili: inelesi nentunge, kuyilapho iningi lesisindo senelesi nesentunge sikhona ngenxa yesidlakathi esibhonqayo sezinkemfe zazo, ngenxa yesiphoqi esiqatha.
IMolteno, IMpumalanga Kapa
IMolteno yilokishi eliseMpumalanga Kapa, eNingizimu Afrika.
Dande
IDande yidolobha futhi ngumasipala okwisifundazwe se Bengo, e-Angola.
Ixingovu
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Ixingovu yisifanelo semigqa ehleliww ehlanganisa imigqa evundlile neqondile enqamulayo eyakha amagcagcane. Lesi sifanelo sivame ukuba nemibala emibili lapho igcagcane elilodwa lizungezwe ngamanye amanye wombala ohlukile ngendlela exingovile. Lesi sifanelo sivame ukufakwa ezindangwini, futhi sitafakwa nasezingubeni ezigqokwa ukuphawula isiko elithile.
Boko-Songho District
IBoko-Songho yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Bouenza, eKhongo-Brazzaville.
Al Rahd District
I-Al Rahd yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Al Qadarif, eSudan.
IMorgan's Bay
IMorgan's Bay yisigodi esiseMpumalanga Kapa, eNingizimu Afrika.
UWalter Sisulu
UWalter Max Ulyate Sisulu (18 kuMeyi 1912 - 5 kuMeyi 2003) wayengelinye lamaqhawe okulwa nobandlululo futhi wayeyilungu eliholayo le-African National Congress (iANC). Wavalelwa eRobben Island ngenxa yokulwela inkululeko kulelizwe, lapho edonsa khona iminyaka engaphezu kuka-25.
Ukuphila kwakhe esemncane kanye nempilo yakhe yangasese
Wazalwa ngomhla ka-18 kuNhlaba ngo-1912, esigodini esibizwa ngokuthi iQutubeni, kumasipala waseNgcobo, ngonyaka lapho yasungulwa khona i-ANC. Wakhulela kulomuzi osesifundazweni sanamuhla saseMpumalanga Kapa. Umama wakhe, uAlice Mase Sisulu wayeyisisebenzi sasendlini. Uyise, uAlbert Victor Dickinson, akazange abe nendima ekukhuliseni kwakhe. UWalter wakhuliswa umndeni kanina owawuhlobene namaThembu okusho ukuthi wayehlobene noMadiba ayesondelene naye kakhulu esikhathini esiningi sokuphila kwakhe. Umndeni wakhe wayephila ngokwesiko lamaXhosa.
Waphoqeleka ukuba ashiye isikole ngemva kwebanga lesine ayofuna umsebenzi. Naphezu kobunzima, waqhubeka efunda futhi ethanda ukubhala. Ngo-1928 wathuthela eGoli lapho enza imisebenzi eyahlukene, njengomsebenzi wobisi, umvukuzi wasemamayini, umsebenzi wasekhaya, umbhaki nomkhandi wensimbi. USisulu wayefunda esikoleni sasebusuku ukuze abe umdayisi wezindlu.
Ngo-1944 washada no-Albertina Thetiwa Sisulu ahlala naye iminyaka engu-58. U-Albertina naye wayengumlweli wenkululeko ozinikele waba umama wesizwe ngokuzidela kwakhe ekunqobeni ubandlululo nasetholeni ubulungiswa. Baye baba nezingane ezingezabo ezinhlanu nezingane zokutholwa ezine.
Imisebenzi yezombangazwe
USisulu waqala ukusebenza kwezombusazwe esemncane wajoyina inHlangano yoBuzalwane yase-Orlando (“Orlando Brotherly Society”), inhlangano esiza abantu abampofu. Ngaleso sikhathi waqala ukungena kwezombusazwe ehlela iziteleka zezisebenzi ukuze zithole amaholo angcono nobulungiswa. Ngonyaka ka-1940, waba ilungu le-African National Congress.
USisulu wazana noNelson Mandela ngo-1941 futhi wameseka ukuqeda izifunda zakhe zomthetho. Ngo-1944 uNelson Mandela, uOliver Tambo, uSisulu nabanye basungula inhlangano yentsha kaKhongolose (“ANC Youth League”). Ngo-1948 i-Nasional Party yanqoba ukhetho okuholela ekuhlukanisweni okuphelele ngokobuhlanga kuzo zonke izigaba zomphakathi. UMandela, uTambo kanye noSisulu babeyiqinisa imizamo yabo ngokuhlela imibhikisho emikhulu. Ngonyaka ka-1949 uSisulu wakhethwa ukuba abe unobhala-jikelele we-ANC wabamba lomsebenzi kwaze kwaba ngu-1954. Ngo-1950 wabamba iqhaza ekuhlelweni womkhankaso owaziwa ngokuthi umKhankaso woKuphikisa (“Defiance Campaign”), owawungamamashi ezweni lonke eyayiqonde ukuqeda ubandlululo ngokwebala.
Kusukela ngo-1952, umbuso wobandlululo waqala ukuthatha izinyathelo ezinqala nokukhipha izinhlawulo ezinzima. Ekupheleni konyaka, kwaboshwe abantu abangu-8500, ababalwa amalungu amaningi e-ANC. USisulu wayengomunye wabo. Eminyakeni eyalandela waboshwa futhi wasolwa ngamacala ahlukahlukene izikhathi eziningana. Ngomhla ka-11 kuJune 1963, uWalter Sisulu nabanye abaholi be-ANC batholwa epulazini eRivonia, ngaphandle kweGoli, ababezifihle kuyo. Baboshwa babekwa icala lokuvukela umbuso. Ngo-1964, uSisulu noMandela baquliswa icala bagwetshwa udilika-jele wayiswa esiqhingini esikude saseRobben Island.
Ngomhla ka-15 kuOktoba 1989, ngemva kweminyaka engu-25, wakhululwa ejele. Ngo-1991, i-ANC yamkhetha njengePhini likaMengameli. Wahlala kulesi sikhundla kwaze kwaba ngemva kokhetho lokuqala lwentando yeningi eNingizimu Afrika ngo-1994 esethatha umhlalaphansi.
USisulu wadlula emhlabeni ngomhla ka-5 kuMeyi ngo-2003 eneminyaka engu-91. Wenziwa umngcwabo kahulumeni okhethekile ohanjelwe nayiqabane lakhe elidala uNelson Mandela, umongameli uThabo Mbeki kanye namashumi ezinkulungwane zabantu abalilayo.
Mbale District
IMbale yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Eastern, eYuganda. Isiqongo salesifunda yi-Mbale.
INgcobo, IMpumalanga Kapa
INgcobo yidolobha eliseMpumalanga Kapa, eNingizimu Afrika.
Namayingo District
INamayingo yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Eastern, eYuganda. Isiqongo salesifunda yi-Namayingo.
INguqulo Yezimboni
INguqulo yeziMboni ichazwa ngokuthi ukushintshela ezinqubweni ezintsha zokukhiqiza e-Great Britain, ezwekazini laseYurophu, naseMelika, okwenzeka phakathi nenkathi eqala cishe ngowe-1760 kuya cishe kowe-1820-1840. Lolu shintsho lwaluhlanganisa ukusuka ekukhiqizeni ngesandla kuya ekukhiqizeni ngezinguxa; izinqubo zokukhiqiza ngesiqa nokukhiqiza ngensimbi; ukusetshenziswa kwamandla wamanzi namandla womusi okukhulayo; ukuthuthukiswa kwamathuluzi enguxa; nokuqonga kwezinhlelo zomkhando ezifakwe izinguxa. Iziphumo zakhula kakhulu, futhi umphumela kwaba ukuqonga okungalindelwe lwamanani wabantu nokwezinga lokukhula kwenani labo.
Hulet Ej Enese
IHulet Ej Enese yi-woreda engaphansi kwesifundazwe se Amhara, e-Itiyopiya.
IHwanzi elihlanzekile
IHwanzi elihlanzekile (GH2 noma GH 2 ) igama elisho ihwanzi elikhiqizwa ngamandla avuselelekayo noma isidlakalasi somcalahle ophansi.
Al Galabat District
I-Al Galabat yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Al Qadarif, eSudan.
Rukwa Region
IRukwa yisifundazwe sase Thanzaniya. Isiqongo salesifundazwe yi-Sumbawanga.
Zarzis
IZarzis ngumasipala futhi yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Medenine, eThuniziya.
Ouled Sassi
I-Ouled Sassi noma Ras El Miaad ngumasipala futhi yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Biskra, e-Aljeriya.
Dembos
IDembos yidolobha futhi ngumasipala okwisifundazwe se Cuanza Norte, e-Angola.
Kagadi District
IKagadi yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Western, eYuganda. Isiqongo salesifunda yi-Kagadi.
YFM
Ebisebenza (99.2 FM ) kuyisiteshi "sentsha" somsakazo e Goli, eNingizimu Afrika.Isungulwe ngonyaka we-1997, lesi siteshi sakhiwe ngendlela yokuthi sidlale kakhulu izinhlobo zomculo wasemadolobheni njengeKwaito, iHip Hop, neR &amp; B kanye nesikhathi esincane se-airtime saso esizinikele ezinhlelweni zezingxoxo.Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngaleli gama, abalaleli bakulesi siteshi baqukethe intsha yakuleli.
Elias Motsoaledi Local Municipality
Elias Motsoaledi Local Municipality umasipala wase Limpopo.
YFM
I-99.2 YFM yisiteshi somsakazo sentsha esihamba phambili eGauteng.
I-YFM ichaza ababukeli bayo njengabantu abasha "njengabantu abasha baseNingizimu Afrika abacabangayo, abanelukuluku futhi abafuna ukuvelela.Baqhubeka nokufuna izindlela ezintsha zokwenza ngcono izimpilo zabo nemiphakathi yabo ukuze bakwazi ukuhola izimpilo eziphumelelayo nezizuzisayo. "
I-YFM izichaza ngokuthi "yingoma yezwi yasemadolobheni - esheshayo, enamandla futhi ekhuthazayo ngokuxuba izikhathi ezimbalwa zokuthula ukuze ukwazi ukuphefumula phakathi kobuhlanya beJozi."I-Hip-Hop, i-house, ikwaito, ne-R & B yakha umnyombo womsindo we-YFM, okufakwa umculo we-rock noma we-pop ngezikhathi ezithile.I-YFM inikela ngama-80% e-airtime emculweni, kepha okusele kukhuluma umsakazo.
Umlando
I-YFM yaqala ukusakaza ngo-1995 isuka enkabeni yedolobha iBertrams, eGoli, ngesikhathi ibhekene nokungabaza okukhulu.Kungakapheli nenyanga eyodwa kusakazwa abantu abasha baseNingizimu Afrika abangama-600,000 base bengene kwi-YFM.Phakathi naphakathi nasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-2000 isibalo besimi ngaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-1.2 ngaphezulu kuka-500,000 esikhomba i-YFM njengesiteshi sabo somsakazo abasithandayo.Izinombolo sezihlile futhi kusukela ngo-Okthoba 2016 ukulalela bekuma ku-681, 000. Ukwehla kwezibalo kuhlobene nokuthutheleka kwabantu abaningi ngethalente kanti uDJ Mo Flava nguyena osanda kuphuma kulesi siteshi.
Ngo-1998 i-Yfm yafaka isandla ekushicileleni i- Y-Mag (eguqulwe yaba yiplatifomu yedijithali), umagazini wendlela yokuphila oqondise entsheni yesizwe. Ku-2000, i-Yfm yethule iwebhusayithi yayo esemthethweni: YWorld.I- "Y" eseYfm imele "Intsha" ngoba lo msakazo ubudalelwe ikakhulukazi intsha emnyama. Futhi, i-X kwakuyigama lesizukulwane esasilwa ngezikhathi zokulwa nobandlululo, ezazinenkinga yokuzikhomba emphakathini.Ngakho-ke u- "Y" umele ukuvela kwezinto futhi uchaza ubunikazi obusha besizukulwane esilandelayo.
I-YFM njengomkhiqizo inesibopho sokwanda koDJ abanjengoKhabzela, DJ Fresh, DJ Sbu, Phat Joe, Bad Boy T, Lee Kasumba, Unathi Msengana, Rude Boy Paul, Phindi Gule, Greg Maloka (manje oyi-CEO yeKaya FM), DJ Warras, Mo Flava, Sol Phenduka, ongasekho Iggy Smallz, Monde Twala, Dineo Ranaka, Chilli M, umfundi wezindaba uWilliam LaHong, Admiral noJah Seed, Mac G, Tholi B, Ashifa Shabba, Pabi Moloi, Mpho Maboi, U-AK Mgaga, uNhlanhla noNhlelo Masina noDJ Speedsta ukubala abambalwa.
Impikiswano
Muva nje, lesi siteshi sihlaselwe ngabaphathi bamarekhodi baseNingizimu Afrika nabaculi ngokufanayo ngesikhathi isikhulu se-YFM uKanthan Pillay ebiza umhlangano wethula nenqubomgomo esivele isunguliwe.Ngokusobala inqubomgomo ehlanganiswe yithimba labaphathi e-YFM yayisho ukuthi lesi siteshi ngeke sisadlala umbukiso wamashadi weKwaito, okuwuhlobo olufana ne-rap olwaqala eNingizimu Afrika kepha olwaluzothatha indawo yombukiso wamashadi weKwaito ngohlobo lomculo we-English electronic, dubstep ishadi show.Lokhu kuthukuthelise abalaleli nabaculi besiteshi ngokufanayo njengoba lesi senzo besingalindelekile.Abalaleli be-YFM ngokusobala babenomuzwa wokuthi ukushintsha abaculi abanohlonze abafana noKabelo Mabalane, Oskido, Brickz, Big Nuz, DJ Tira, DJ Cleo, DJ Black Coffee ukubala nje abambalwa kwakucasula futhi kungahloniphi imboni yomculo yaseNingizimu Afrika kanye nabaculi bayo bebonke.Abanye baze bafika bathi umphathi wesiteshi ukhafulela ubuso babantu ngemuva kokuthi abalaleli beYFM nomculo wekwaito (owawuthathwa njengensika yesiteshi) benze iYFM ibe yilokhu okuyikho namhlanje.
Jessie Duarte
U-Yasmin "Jessie" Duarte (owazalwa u-Yasmeen Dangor; 19 Septhemba 1953 - 17 Julayi 2022) wayengusopolitiki waseNingizimu Afrika futhi eyibamba likanobhala-jikelele we-African National Congress. Owayeyisishoshovu eside esilwa nobandlululo, wasebenza ngezindlela ezahlukene njengomsizi okhethekile kaMnuz Nelson Mandela, owayeyilungu leKhabhinethi yesifundazwe (MEC) eGauteng, waba yiNxusa laseMozambique kanye nomkhulumeli we-ANC, ngaphambi kokuthatha isikhundla sakhe njengePhini likaNobhala-Jikelele. we-ANC ngo-2012, waze washona mhla ziyi-17 kuJulayi 2022.
Duarte ushone mhlaka 17 Julayi 2022 ngemuva kwekugula isifo somdlavuza.
Mfouati District
IMfouati yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Bouenza, eKhongo-Brazzaville.
Ad Damazin District
I-Ad Damazin yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Blue Nile, eSudan.
Oumache
I-Oumache ngumasipala futhi yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Biskra, e-Aljeriya.
Ukudludlunga ulimi lwemvelo
Ukudludlunga ulimi lwemvelo (noma DLM) kuwumkhakha oyingxenye yezolimi, inzululwazi yesicikizi, nohlakahlisombulu onake ukwenanana okuphakathi kwezicikizi nolimi olukhulunywa ngabantu, ikakhulukazi ekuhleleliseni izicikizi ukuze zidludlunge futhi zihlaziye amanani amakhulu wemininingo yolimi lwemvelo. Impokophelo iwukuba nesicikizi esikwazi "ukuqonda" isiqikili semibhalo, kuhlanganise neminingilizo yomongo yolimi ekuyo. Lobuchwepheshe bungakwazi ukugqoba ukwaziswa nemibono equkethwe emibhalweni futhi bukwazi ukujinja futhi buhlelembe imibhalo ngokwabo.
Izinselele zokudludlunga ulimi lwemvelo zivame ukubandakanya ukuhlonza izwi, ukuqonda ulimi lwemvelo, nokuphehla ulimi lwemvelo.
uMlando
Ukudludlunga ulimi lwemvelo kwaqala eminyakeni ye-1950, lapho u-Alan Turing eshicilela isibhalwa esinisehloko esithi "IziNguxa zokuCikiza nobuHlakani" "Computing Machinery and Intelligence", esaphakamisa lokho namuhla olwaziwa ngovivinyo luka-Turing njengenkomba yobuhlakani, nakuba ngaleso sikhathi kwakungavezwa njengenkinga ehlukile kuhlakahlisombulu. Isivivinyo esasiphakanyiswa sasihlanganisa umsebenzi obandakanya ukuhlakahla okuhlelelekiwe nokuphehlwa kolimi lwemvelo.
i-DLM engokomfanekiso (1950s – ekuqaleni kwe-1990s)
Isiphakamiso sokudludlunga ulimi lwemvelo (DML) okungokomfanekiso safinyezwa kahle kakhulu ngumgcanso wegumbi laseSahyina ka-John Searle othi: Uma uneqoqo lemithetho (isb. incwadi yemisho yesiShayina, enemibuzo nezimpendulo zayo), isicikizi sizolingisa ukuqonda ulimi okongokwemvelo (noma eminye imisebenzi ye-DLM) ngokusebenzisa leyo mithetho eminininingweni esibhekana nayo.
IziNdlelasu: imithetho, izibalomniningo, amaxhoxho wezinzwa
Ezinsukwini zokuqala, iningi lezimiso zokudludlunga ulimi zaziklanywe ngezindlelasu ezingokwezimpawu, okusho ukuthi, ngezinguqukezelo zesandla eziyiqoqoq lemithetho, ezintshiqwe namazwi esichazamazwi: ezifana nokuloba ubhalomagama noma imithetho yesiqu sezwi.
Ama-antibiotic
I-antibiotic uhlobo lwezinto ezilwa namagciwane ezisebenza ukulwa namagciwane. Luhlobo olubaluleke kakhulu lwe-ejenti elwa namagciwane elwa nokutheleleka ngamagciwane, kanti imishanguzo yama-antibiotic isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwelapheni nasekuvimbeleni izifo ezinjalo.Zingabulala noma zivimbele ukukhula kwamagciwane. Inani elilinganiselwe lama-antibiotic nalo linomsebenzi we-antiprotozoal.Ama-antibiotic awasebenzi kuma-virus anjengomkhuhlane ovamile noma umkhuhlane; izidakamizwa ezivimbela amagciwane zibizwa ngokuthi yimithi elwa namagciwane noma imishanguzo yokulwa namagciwane esikhundleni semithi elwa namagciwane.
Embu County
I-Embu yisifundazwe sase Khenya.
INguqulo yeziMboni yesibili
INguqulo yeziMboni yesibili, eyaziwa nangokuthi inguqulo yezobuchwepheshe, kwakuyisigaba semivubukulo yenzululwazi esisheshayo, ukufakwa endinganisweni, ukukhiqiza ngenala nokwanda kwezimboni kusuka ekupheleni kwekhulu lwe-19 kuya ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-29. INguqulo yeziMboni yokuqala, eyaphela maphakathi nekhulu le-19 yakhawulwa ukugqoza kweziqambo ezibalulekile ngaphambi kweNguqulo yeziMboni yesibili ngowe-1870. Nakuba kunezenzakalo ezaziwayo zocandululo nokukhiqiza, ezifana nokusungulwa kwemboni yamathuluzi enguxa, ukuthuthukiswa kwezindlelasu zokukhiqiza izingxenye, kanye nokuqanjwa kwenqubo ka-Bessemer yokukhiquza inqimbi, iNguqulo yeziMboni yesibili ngokuvamile ibalwa eminyakeni we-1870 kuya kowe-1914 (ekuqaleni kweMpi yoMhlaba I).
Siddharta Gautama
UbuBudha (noma Inkolo kaBudha) laqala eNdiya elidala (ngeminyaka 2500 kade). Inkolo likhulu ye-Eshiya eMpumalanga.
UBudha wenkolo kaBudha, ungumuntu ube ekhanyisa. Akuzwi intukuthelo futhi akuhlupheki.
Goncha Siso Enese
IGoncha Siso Enese yi-woreda engaphansi kwesifundazwe se Amhara, e-Itiyopiya.
IPeddie, IMpumalanga Kapa
IPeddie yidolobha eliseMpumalanga Kapa, eNingizimu Afrika.
Nambuangongo
INambuangongo yidolobha futhi ngumasipala okwisifundazwe se Bengo, e-Angola.
Loudima District
ILoudima yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Bouenza, eKhongo-Brazzaville.
Houmt El Souk
IHoumt El Souk ngumasipala futhi yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Medenine, eThuniziya.
Tsepo Masilela
Peter noTsepo Masilela (owazalwa 5 Meyi 1985), eyaziwa ngokuthi noTsepo Masilela, kuyinto eNingizimu Afrika ngamazwe footballer odlala njengoba emuva kwesokunxele ngoba AmaZulu. UMasilela waziwa ngejubane lakhe nangekhono lakhe elikhulu lokuzivikela.
Umsebenzi wokuqala
UMasilela uqale wadlalela iqembu lasekhaya ebholeni lezemidlalo, iManchester kwathi kamuva walibizela iDisco Makua Academy eyayiphethwe ngowayengumdlali weWitbank Aces uSteve Makua onguyise kaFrank Makua owayedlalela iKaizer Chiefs .Ube esedlulela eqenjini leVodacom League, eSonas Mpumalanga.
Umsebenzi weklabhu
Kwakunjalo-ke ukukhuphuka kwakhe kwezimanga wenza ukubonakala kwakhe okugcwele emhlabeni wonke ngaphambi kokudlala umdlalo wakhe wokuqala wePremier Soccer League. Ngokunjalo, ngemuva kwesizini eyodwa kuphela ebholeni lezindiza ezisezweni lakubo, wathuthela eqenjini lakwa-Israeli iMaccabi Haifa.
IMaccabi Haifa
Usayine inkontileka yeminyaka emine neMaccabi Haifa ngomhlaka 31 Agasti 2007. UMasilela ubeyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu ekunqobeni iMaccabi Haifa ku-Israeli Championship, nokuhlungela i- UEFA Champions League. UMasilela wenze ama-assist angu-13 negoli elilodwa ngesizini ka-2009-10. NgoJuni 2011, welula inkontileka yakhe ngesivumelwano seminyaka emibili.
Tabora Region
ITabora yisifundazwe sase Thanzaniya. Isiqongo salesifundazwe yi-Tabora.
Al Roseires District
I-Al Roseires yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Blue Nile, eSudan.
Kakumiro District
IKakumiro yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Western, eYuganda. Isiqongo salesifunda yi-Kakumiro.
I-Alldays, Limpopo
I-Alldays yidolobha elincane eliseLimpopo, eNingizimu Afrika.
Tsepo Masilela
IGetafe
Ngomhlaka-20 Agasti 2011, uMasilela wajoyina iqembu laseSpain iLa Liga iGetafe ngesivumelwano semalimboleko esadonsa isizini kuMaccabi Haifa. Ubuyele eMaccabi Haifa ngemuva kokuphela kwesivumelwano sakhe semalimboleko neGetafe
IKaizer Chiefs
UMasilela ubuyele eNingizimu Afrika ngemuva kweminyaka emihlanu phesheya kwezilwandle esayine kwiKaizer Chiefs maphakathi nonyaka ka-2012.Uqale ukubonakala ngoNovemba 2012 benqoba ngo 3-2 kuMoroka Swallows.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ubaba wakhe, u-Eric Masilela uyingqwele yeWitbank Aces edlale nabadlali abafana noLawrence Siyangaphi, Harris Chueu, Steve Makua noThomas Ngobe, ongubaba kaDumisa Ngobe. Ungumfowabo kayise ka- Innocent Maela.
Enbise Sar Midir
I-Enbise Sar Midir yi-woreda engaphansi kwesifundazwe se Amhara, e-Itiyopiya.
Ourlala
I-Ourlala ngumasipala futhi yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Biskra, e-Aljeriya.
Kayes District
IKayes noma Nkayi yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Bouenza, eKhongo-Brazzaville.
Pango Aluquém
IPango Aluquém yidolobha futhi ngumasipala okwisifundazwe se Bengo, e-Angola.
Machakos County
IMachakos yisifundazwe sase Khenya.
Enarj Enawga
I-Enarj Enawga yi-woreda engaphansi kwesifundazwe se Amhara, e-Itiyopiya.
Omoro District
I-Omoro yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Northern, eYuganda. Isiqongo salesifunda yi-Palenga.
Berrouaghia District
IBerrouaghia yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Médéa, e-Aljeriya.
Isigqayi somsakazo
Isigqayi siyisamukezi somsakazo esikwazi ukungena ngenhleleleko, noma ukugqaya, imijinge elubandlu emibili noma ukweqa, siyeke lapho sithola isiyabizo phakathi kwayo bese siqhubeke nokugqaya eminye imijinge lapho ufufukiso lokuqala luphela.
Ibizo elithi isigqayi imvama libhekisela kwizamukezi zokuxhumana ngokuyinhloko ezihloselwe ukwalusa izimiso zomsakazo eziluntinti zemijinge yamaza aphezulu VHF nemijinge yamaza aphakeme UHF, ngokungafani, nesamukezi esisetshenziselwa ukwalusa ufufukiso lwemaza alufuphi omhlaba wonke.
Kaningi, lezi zigqayi zingangena (tune) emiqwengukweni (modulation) ehlukene efana nalena- (AM, FM, WFM, etc.). Izigqayi zangaphambilini zazilusilili, ziwugqinsi futhi zibiza. Namuhla, izihidanisincane (microprocessors) zenza izigqayi zikwazi ukugcina izinkulungwane zemigudu (channels) futhi zaluse amakhulu emigudu ngomzuzwana. Izinhlobo zakamuva zikwazi ukulandela izimiso zomsakazo ezindlelambili kanye nokunyandlulula (decode) ufufukiso lwezezibhangqiwe lwe-APCO-P25. Kokubili izigqayi eziphathwayo nezesicikizi ziyatholakala. Izigqayi zisetshenziswa kakhulu amaphoyisa, abezinkonzo eziphuthumayo zomlilo nekwelapha. Ukugqaya ngomsakazo imvama kubamba iqhaza emikhakheni yezintatheli, nasekuphenyeni ubugebengu, futhi kwenziwa kwezokuzilabazisa kubantu abaningi emhlabeni.
Laas-Dhankayre
ILaas-Dhankayre yi-woreda engaphansi kwesifundazwe se Somali, e-Itiyopiya.
Sidi Khaled
I-Sidi Khaled ngumasipala futhi yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Biskra, e-Aljeriya.
Baw District
IBaw yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Blue Nile, eSudan.
Midoun
IMidoun ngumasipala futhi yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Medenine, eThuniziya.
IBandelierkop
IBandelierkop yindawo eseLimpopo, eNingizimu Afrika.
Ubuzuba
Ubuzuba, ngokuvamile obukhonjiswa ngophawu- e buwumlelesa odluliswa inelesi eyodwa noma, ngokulinganayo, ubukhulu bomlelesa ophikayo odluliswa inzuba eyodwa, enomlelesa −1 e.
Caxito
ICaxito yidolobha eliyisiqongo sesifundazwe se Bengo, e-Angola.
Karapinar
IKarapınar noma iMacarköy ( isiHungary : Feketeforrás noma iMagyarfalu (Madzsarköj)) yidolobhana laseHungary eTurkey, ogwini lwase-Aegean.IKarapınar igama elisha lomzana.
NgoJuni 2015 kwabikwa ukuthi ama-sinkholes amaningana ajule ngamamitha angama-70 avele azungeze idolobha.Iningi labo belisemapulazini futhi libakhathaza kakhulu abalimi bendawo. Kusolwa imvula enamandla yakamuva ebichitha i-limestone underground.
Umlando
Lo muzi wasungulwa eminyakeni engama-420 eyedlule.Izakhamizi zazinza kulo muzi ngenkathi ingxenye yoMbuso waseHungary ithathwa ngumbuso wase-Ottoman.
ISeymour, IMpumalanga Kapa
ISeymour yidolobha eliseMpumalanga Kapa, eNingizimu Afrika.
Debay Telatgen
IDebay Telatgen yi-woreda engaphansi kwesifundazwe se Amhara, e-Itiyopiya.
Kudunbuur
IKudunbuur yi-woreda engaphansi kwesifundazwe se Somali, e-Itiyopiya.
Chellalat El Adhaoura District
IChellalat El Adhaoura yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Médéa, e-Aljeriya.
ITarkastad
ITarkastad yindawo eseMpumalanga Kapa, eNingizimu Afrika.
Balombo
IBalombo yidolobha futhi ngumasipala okwisifundazwe se Benguela, e-Angola.
Geissan District
IGeissan yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Blue Nile, eSudan.
Inkathi yokwaziswa
Inkathi yokwaziswa (eyaziwa nangokuthi iNkathi yesiCikizi, iNkathi yezezibhangqiwe noma isiKhathi solwazi) iyinkathi yomlando eyaqala phakathi kwekhulu lama-20. Lenkathi yaziwa ngokugudluka kusuka ezimbonini ezazijwayelekile, ezasungulwa ngesikhathi seNguqulo yeziMboni, kuya emnothweni ogxile ebuchwephesheni bokwaziswa. Isileke seNkathi yokwaziswa sixhunyaniswa nokuthuthukiswa kwesiqhebanzuba (transistor) ngowe-1947, isiqongisi senxoza ngowe-1957, kanye ne-Unix time, okwaqala mhla zi-1 ngoMasingana 1970, futhi isebenza njengesiseko sesiKhathi sendawoyonke esixhunyaniswayo (Coordinated Universal Time) kanye neGumelo lesiKhathi soXhoxho (Network Time Protocol). Lezi ntuthukiso zezobuchwepheshe zibe negalelo elikhulu endleleni yokudludlunga nokufufukisa ukwaziswa.
Izinso
Izinso ziyizitho ezimbili ezimise okwebhontshisi ezibomvu-nsundu ezitholakala ezilwaneni ezinomgogodla. Zitholakala ngakwesobunxele nangakwesokudla esikhaleni se-retroperitoneal, futhi kubantu abadala cishe.Zithola igazi emithanjeni yezinso ehlanganisiwe; igazi liphuma emithaneni yezinso. Inso ngayinye inamathele kuyi-ureter, ipayipi elithwala umchamo okhishwe isinye.
Izinso zihlanganyela ekulawuleni isilinganiso soketshezi oluhlukahlukene lomzimba, i-osmolality yoketshezi, ukulinganisela kwe-asidi, amazinga ahlukahlukene e-electrolyte, kanye nokukhishwa kobuthi.Ukuhlunga kwenzeka ku-glomerulus: ingxenye eyodwa kwezinhlanu yesisindo segazi esingenayo ezinso iyahlungwa. Izibonelo zezinto eziphinde zimuncwe amanzi angenayo i-solute, i-sodium, i-bicarbonate, i-glucose, nama-amino acid. Izibonelo zezinto ezikhiqizwa yi-hydrogen, i-ammonium, i-potassium ne-uric acid.I-nephron iyingxenye yokwakheka nokusebenza kwezinso. Inso ngayinye yomuntu omdala iqukethe ama-nephron angaba yisigidi esisodwa, kuyilapho inso yegundane iqukethe kuphela ama-nefron angaba ngu-12,500. Izinso nazo zenza imisebenzi ngaphandle kwama-nephron.Ngokwesibonelo, bashintsha isandulela se-vitamin D sibe uhlobo lwayo olusebenzayo, i-calcitriol; futhi bahlanganise ama-hormone e-erythropoietin ne-renin.
Isifo sezinso esiqhubekayo (i-CKD) siye sabhekwa njengenkinga yempilo yomphakathi ephambili emhlabeni wonke.Ukwanda okulinganiselwa emhlabeni wonke kwe-CKD kungama-13.4%, futhi iziguli ezinezinso ezingasebenzi zidinga ukwelashwa kwezinso kulinganiselwa phakathi kwezigidi ezingu-5 nezingu-7.Izinqubo ezisetshenziswa ekunakekeleni isifo sezinso zihlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwamakhemikhali kanye ne-microscopic komchamo (ukuhlanzwa komchamo), ukulinganiswa kokusebenza kwezinso ngokubala isilinganiso sokuhlunga se-glomerular esilinganiselwayo (eGFR) kusetshenziswa i-serum creatinine; kanye ne-biopsy yezinso kanye ne-CT scan ukuhlola i-anatomy engavamile. I-dialysis kanye nokufakelwa kwezinso kusetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukwehluleka kwezinso; eyodwa (noma kokubili ngokulandelana) yalokhu cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi kusetshenziswa lapho ukusebenza kwezinso kwehla ngaphansi kuka-15%.I-Nephrectomy ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-renal cell carcinoma.
I-renal physiology iwukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwezinso.I-Nephrology iwumkhakha wezokwelapha olawula izifo zokusebenza kwezinso: lezi zihlanganisa i-CKD, i-nephritic ne-nephrotic syndromes, ukulimala kwezinso okubucayi, kanye ne-pyelonephritis. I-Urology ixazulula izifo zezinso (nomgudu womchamo) anatomy: lezi zihlanganisa umdlavuza, ama-cyst ezinso, amatshe ezinso namatshe omchamo, kanye nokuvaleka komgudu womuchamo. Igama elithi "Xoʹrenal" liyisichazamazwi esisho ukuthi "Xo·ʹrenalʹ" futhi imvelaphi yalo isiFulentshi noma isiLatini. Nakuba ngokweminye imibono, "izinso" kufanele zithathelwe indawo "izinso " emibhalweni yesayensi efana "nomthambo wezinso", abanye ochwepheshe baye basekela ukulondoloza ukusetshenziswa kwezinso njengoba kufanele kufaka phakathi "emthambo weinso".
Mabombo District
IMabombo yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Bouenza, eKhongo-Brazzaville.
IPhalaborwa
IPhalaborwa yidolobha eliseLimpopo, eNingizimu Afrika.
Karenga District
IKarenga yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Northern, eYuganda. Isiqongo salesifunda yi-Karenga.
Nyandarua County
INyandarua yisifundazwe sase Khenya.
Sidi Okba
ISidi Okba ngumasipala futhi yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Biskra, e-Aljeriya.
INguqulo yezezibhangqiwe
INguqulo yezezibhangqiwe (eyaziwa nangokuthi INguqulo yezeMboni yesithathu ) iwukugudla kusuka ebuchwephesheni besizubisi senzuko nobuchwepheshe benguxa kuya ezizubisini zezezibhangqiwe ezaqala engxenyeni yokugcina yekhulu lama-20, lapho kwamukelwa futhi kwanda izicikizi zezezibhangqiwe nokugcinwa kweziqoshwa zezezibhangqiwe, okuqhubeka kuze kube namuhla. Ngesinyelela, leli bizo libuye libhekisele nasoshintshweni olukhukhula kwasani olwalethwa ukucikiza kwezezibhangqiwe nezobuchwepheshe zokuxhumana kuleyo nkathi. Kusuka kwiNguqulo yezoLimo (emva kwenkathi yeTshe) kanye neNguqulo yeziMboni yokuqala (1770-1840), INguqulo yezezibhangqiwe yaohawula ukuqala kwenkathi yoKwaziswa.
Obongi District
I-Obongi yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Northern, eYuganda.
INguqulo yezezibhangqiwe
INguqulo yeziMboni yesithathu izolandelwa INguqulo yeziMboni yesine.
Enemay
I-Enemay yi-woreda engaphansi kwesifundazwe se Amhara, e-Itiyopiya.
Bekalta
IBekalta ngumasipala futhi yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Monastir, eThuniziya.
Debre Elias
IDebre Elias yi-woreda engaphansi kwesifundazwe se Amhara, e-Itiyopiya.
Al Kurumik District
I-Al Kurumik yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Blue Nile, eSudan.
Boodaley (woreda)
IBoodaley yi-woreda engaphansi kwesifundazwe se Somali, e-Itiyopiya.
Tolga, Aljeriya
ITolga ngumasipala futhi yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Biskra, e-Aljeriya.
Umzulendle
Umzulendle ungumzulane ongaphandle kwesimiso sethu sikanozungezilanga. Ubufakazi bokuqala bomzulendle baqoshwa ngonyaka we- 1917 kodwa bangaqashelwa njengabo. Ukuqinisekiswa kokuqala kokuhlongwa kwenziwa ngowe-1992. Umzulane ohlukile, owahlongwa okokuqala ngowe-1998, waqinisekiswa ngowezi-2003. Kusuka ngoLwezi mhla zilu-1 2022, sekunemizulendle eqinisekisiwe eyizi-5,246 ezimisweni semizulane eziyizi-3,875, kuyilapho izimiso ezingama-842 zinemizulane edlula owodwa.
IBela-Bela
IBela-Bela yidolobha eliseLimpopo, eNingizimu Afrika.
URuth Klüger
URuth Klüger (30 Okthoba 1931 – 5 Okthoba 2020) wayenguthisha nombhali waseMelika owazalelwa e-Austria. WayenguSolwazi Emerita Wezifundo ZaseJalimane eNyuvesi yaseCalifornia, e-Irvine futhi owasinda ekuQothulweni Kwesizwe. Wayengumbhali we -weiter leben ethengisa kakhulu: U-Eine Jugend mayelana nobuntwana bakhe kuMbuso Wesithathu. Uphinde wabhala ethi Still Alive. Wazalelwa eVienna.
Chahbounia District
IChahbounia yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Médéa, e-Aljeriya.
URuth Klüger
U-Klüger ushone ngo-5 Okthoba 2020 e- Irvine, eCalifornia ngezinkinga ezidalwa umdlavuza wesinye eneminyaka engu-88
Seteet District
ISeteet yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Kassala, eSudan.
Nyeri County
INyeri yisifundazwe sase Khenya.
IZwelitsha
IZwelitsha yidolobha eliseMpumalanga Kapa, eNingizimu Afrika.
Liu Yifei
Liu Yifei (25 Agasti 1987) umlingisi eiShayina.
IWhittlesea, IMpumalanga Kapa
IWhittlesea yisigodi esiseMpumalanga Kapa, eNingizimu Afrika.
El Omaria District
I-El Omaria yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Médéa, e-Aljeriya.
Benguela
IBenguela yidolobhakazi futhi yisiqongo sesifundazwe se Benguela, e-Angola.
Bembla
IBembla yidolobha elikwisifundazwe se Monastir, eThuniziya.
Kapelebyong District
IKapelebyong yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Northern, eYuganda.
Rubanda District
IRubanda yisifunda esingaphansi kwesifundazwe se Western, eYuganda. Isiqongo salesifunda yi-Rubanda.
IBaltimore, Limpopo
IBaltimore yilokishi eliseLimpopo, eNingizimu Afrika.
Inhleleleko
Inhleleleko ichazisa izinhlobo ezihlukene zobuchwepheshe ezikwazi ukunciphisa ukungenelela komuntu emidludlungweni, okungukuthi ngokunqumela izinqumo, ubuhlobo bezinqobu ezincane, nezenzo ezihlobene, kanye nokufaka lezo zinqumelo ezinguxeni. Inhleleleko yinto ephunyeleliswe izinsiza ezihlukene ezihlanganisa ezobunguxa, ezomjilimba, ezohowo, ezamazuba, izilekeleli zenzuba, neziCikizi, ikakhulu lapho kuhlanganiswe konke. Izinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezifana nemikhando yanamuhla, izindiza, nemikhumbi, imvama zisebenzisa inhlanganisela yazi zonke lezinto. Inzuzo yenhleleleko ihlanganisa ukonga ekuqasheni abasebenzi, ukusaphaza okuncishisiwe, ukonga izindleko zamazuba, ukonga izindleko zezithako, kanye nokuthuthukiswa komgangatho, ukunemba.
Inhleleleko ihlanganisa nokusetshenziswa kwezinhlobonhlobo zamathuluzi nezinhlelo zokulawula ezifana nezinguxa, izinqubo zasemkhando, izidlidlizi, nezinkangu zomchadamezo (heat treating ovens), ukuqhebeza amaxhoxho wocingo, ukululeza (steering), ukuzinzisa imikhumbi, izindiza, nezinye iziLekeleli nezithuthi ezincishiswe ukungenelela komuntu.
UMabonakude
UMabonakude uyinsiza yokuxhumanade ngokufufukisa imifanekiso enyakazayo nomsindo. Leli bizo libhekisela kwisilekeleli esibukwayo, noma insiza kamabonakude wokufufukisa. UMabonakude uyinsiza yokukhangisa, ezokunandisa, izindaba, nezemidlalo.
UMabonakude waqala ukuba khona ngokwenziwa kwemigcwanso eminyakeni ye-1920, kodwa kungemuva kweminyaka embalwa yokuthuthukisa kwawo lapho lobu buchwepheshe bahuhiswa kubathengi. Emva kweMpi yoMhlaba yesibili, uhlobo oluphuculiwe lokusakaza ngomabonakude wemifanekiso emnyama-mhlophe lwaba nesibunge kwelaseBrithani naseMelika, futhi omabonakude baqala ukwanda emakhaya, ezihwebeni, nasezikhungwini. Ngesikhathi seminyaka ye-1950, umabonakude waba Insiza eyinhloko ekuthonyeni uvo lomphakathi. Maphakathi neye-1960, ukusakaza ngemifanekisk emilobolobo kwangeniswa eMelika nakwamanye amazwe athuthukile.
Machakel
IMachakel yi-woreda engaphansi kwesifundazwe se Amhara, e-Itiyopiya.
Inhlanzi
Izinhlanzi yizilwane zasemanzini, i- craniate, i- gill- ezithwele izilwane ezingenazo izitho ezinamadijithi .Okufakiwe kule ncazelo ama- hagfish aphilayo, amalambu wezibani, nezinhlanzi ezigcwele uqwanga namathambo kanye namaqembu ahlobene ahlukahlukene asephelile.Cishe ama-99% ezinhlobo zezinhlanzi eziphilayo ziyizinhlanzi ezenziwe ngemisebe, ezingaphansi kwesigaba i-Actinopterygii, ezinamaphesenti angaphezu kwama-95% eqembu elincane le-teleost.
I eziphilayo zokuqala ukuthi kungenziwa labizwa ngokuthi izinhlanzi babe othambile chordates ukuthi uqala ukuvela phakathi eCambria isikhathi. Yize babengenawo umgogodla weqiniso, babephethe ama- notochords ababavumela ukuthi basheshe beshesha ukwedlula ozakwabo abangenamgogodla. Izinhlanzi zizoqhubeka nokuguquguquka ngenkathi yePaleozoic, zihlukahluka zibe yizinhlobo ezahlukahlukene.Izinhlanzi eziningi zePaleozoic zakha izikhali zangaphandle ezazivikela ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye.Izinhlanzi zokuqala ezinemihlathi zavela esikhathini samaSilurian, okwathi ngemuva kwalokho abaningi ( njengoshaka ) baba yizilwane zasolwandle ezinamandla kunokuba nje isisulu se- arthropods.