cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Ifolokhwe
I-Gravitational force
I-equation ithi xa ii-objects ezimbini zinzima kakhulu, kuye kubekho i-force emandla kakhulu phakathi kwazo ngenxa ye-gravity. Ukuba ziqaqaelene okanye zahlukene kakhulu i-force leyo iyakubanamandla amancinane.
IsiBhaca
Olu lulwimi oluthethwa ngamaXhosa akummandla wakwaBhaca, kwiidolophu eziquka iMatatiyele, Mount Frere, Mzimkhulu, kunye nemimandla ethile yaseMount Ayliff, eHarding, Umzinto, Umzumbe kunye naseXopo. Nalo olu lwimi luyelelene nesiMpondo kuba lunempembelelo yesiZulu.
Thanda jsialerza
Thanda jsialerza (port: Sublime Amor) telenovela yase Brazil ye TV Excelsior.
Plumstead
Plumstead yindawo eKapa, eMzantsi Afrika.
Engcobo
Idolophu yaseNgcobo, yidolophu efumaneka kwiPhondo laseMpuma Koloni.
Awethu putumani
Amagqabantshintshi ngoAwethu Putumani
UAwethu wazalwa kwinyanga kaCanzibe, ezalelwa kwiphondo lase Mpuma Koloni, eMzantsi Afrika, kwilali yaseMbewane, kwisithili saseDutywa. Ilali yake ayikude kuyaphi kuneka Thabo Mbeki, ubuninzi ingaziyure ezimbini ezinecala. Umfana lona wakwa Putumani ngomnye ozingcayo ngenchubeko yesiXhosa kakhulu. Apha kwaXhosa kukho inkolelo yokuba umntu xa athe wazalwa ebusika, ubankone ngamaqhinga oku kwegqwalashu.
Awethu, kule page ithi "Inqaba" thetha ngeDutywa, uze uthi kule ithi "Ingxoxo", usixelele ngawe ke ngoku. Mhle lo mfanekiso. Ndithethile nawe phaya kwi-page ethi 'ingxoxo' yivule ufunde
Kwela
Lo mculo uneengcambu zawo kumazantsi e-Afrika kodwa kamva ukuguqulwa koku kunye nezinye izaci ezininzi zesintu zase-Afrika ziye zangena kumculo waseNtshona (mamela amacwecwe A Swingin' Safari kaBert Kaempfert Orchestra (1962) kunye neGraceland kaPaul Simon (1986)), ukunika umculo wanamhlanje waseMzantsi Afrika, ngakumbi i-jazz, uninzi lwesandi sawo esahlukileyo kunye ne-lilting swagger. Ingoma yePiranha's 1982 UK Top Ten ibetha i' Tom Hark 'yayisekwe kwingoma yangaphambili ka-1950 yeKwela.
Esinye isizathu sokusetyenziswa kwepennywhistle kukuba ayibizi kwaye iyaphatheka, kodwa ikwaboleka njenge solo okanye isixhobo esidibanisayo. Udumo lwempempe yompempe kusenokwenzeka ukuba lwalusekelwe kwinto yokuba iifleyiti zeentlobo ngeentlobo kudala zizixhobo zesintu phakathi kwabantu abasemantla oMzantsi Afrika kwaye impempe yenza ukuba kube lula ukuqhelaniswa neengoma zesintu kwimarabhi entsha ephenjelelwe. umculo.
Kukhawu enoko
Kukhawu enoko (port: Ninguém Crê em Mim) telenovela yase Brazil ye TV Excelsior.
Kwela
Eyona ngcaciso ixhaphakileyo yegama elithi “khwela” yeyokuba lithatyathwe kwisiZulu elithi “khwela” nangona kwintetho yaselokishini likwabhekiselwa kwiiveni zamapolisa ezithi “khwela-khwela”. Ngaloo ndlela, inokuba sisimemo sokujoyina umdaniso, kunye nokukhonza njengesilumkiso. Kuthiwa abafana abadlala impempe ezikoneni zezitalato nabo basebenze njengababukeli ukulumkisa abo bazonwabele ezishibhini ngokufika kwamapolisa. Abantu abamhlophe bengayazi intsingiselo yawo, basuka bacinga ukuba ibhekisa emculweni xa besiva abantu bekhwaza besithi, “Nali i kwela, kwela ! isilumkiso ngobukho bamapolisa.
Mbo
AbaMbo ziintlanga ezathi zagaleleka kuMzantsi Afrika zivela kwimimandla yaseTopiya, eZambiya naseSwazini, ekukholelwa ukuba ziphuma kubukumkani bakwaKushi. Obu bungqina bubonakala kwisityalo sentsangu esitshotsha entla kumazwe akunxweme laseMpuma ye-Afrika aquka ilizwe laseMadagaska. Esi sityalo ke sichuma kakhulu kulo mmandla wasemaMpondweni. AmaMpondo ke aphuma kumnombo omnye namaXesibe, AmaMpondomise, AbakwaMkhize, AmaBomvu kunye namaBomvana.
Kwela
Umculo weKwela waphenjelelwa kukuxuba umculo wabaphambukeli baseMalawi eMzantsi Afrika, kunye nezandi zalapha eMzantsi Afrika. NgesiChichewa, igama elithi Khwela linentsingiselo efanayo naleyo yaseMzantsi Afrika: “ukunyuka”. Lo mculo waduma eMzantsi Afrika emva koko waziswa eMalawi, apho amagcisa ala maxesha aseMalawi nawo sele eqalisile ukuvelisa umculo kaKhwela. Nangona kuye kwaqinisekiswa ukuba umculo kaKhwela usebenzisa kuphela i- chord progression I-IV-I. {}^6_4 -V., abanye bagcina ukuba akukho Khwela chord progression, kwaye I-IV-VI kunye II-IV-V zixhaphake ngokukodwa.
Amagcisa
Iimvumi ezifana noLemmy Mabaso bezidume ngobuchule bokudlala impempe ka penny, ukanti uSpokes Mashiyane ebengomnye wabaculi abagqamayo ngengoma yakhe ethi kwela pennywhistle. Amanye amagcisa aquka The Skylarks, Jack Lerole, Aaron Lerole, The Solven Whistlers, Kippie Moeketsi, Donald Kachamba and Gwigwi Mrwebe.
Iimbekiselo
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Cofimvaba
Idolophu yaseCofimvaba yidolophu efumaneka kwiphondo laseMpuma Koloni. Kulapho kufumaneka amaqhaqwe afana nooSibusiso Zonke, Chris Hani kunye noMathanzima.
Rafael Orozco Maestre
U-Rafael José Orozco Maestre (UngumSpanish owazalwa ngomhla we-24 ka-Eyokwindla ngomnyaka ka-1954), wayeyimvumi nobhali weengoma yase-Colombia. Wayeyimvumi enye yezona mvumi zibalaseleyo kwase-Colombia.
Avala
IsiAvala yintaba eseSerbia, ejongene neBelgrade. Ime kwikona esemazantsi-mpuma esixeko kwaye ibonelela ngombono omkhulu weBelgrade, Vojvodina kunye neŠumadija, njengoko indawo ejikelezileyo macala onke iyindawo ephantsi. Ime kwi- 511 m ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle, okuthetha ukuba ingena kudidi lwentaba oluchazwe ekuhlaleni nje nge- 11 m.
Abantu baseMzantsi Ndebele
IsiNdebele  ) ngabantu bomthonyama eMzantsi Afrika abathetha isiNdebele . Bahlala ikakhulu kumaphondo aseMpumalanga, eGauteng naseLimpopo, onke akumntla-mpuma welizwe.
Intsholonngwane
A virus is an organism that can infect a person, and can cause a person a Illness
Amadoda angama-gay
Amadoda angama-gay ngu IAbominio
Gilbhraltha
IGibraltar   ) nguMmandla waseBritane ongaphesheya kunye nesixeko esikumazantsi encam ye- Iberian Peninsula .    Inommandla we- 2.6 sqmi   kwaye ijikeleze emantla yiSpain . Imbonakalo yomhlaba ilawulwa liLiwa laseGibraltar, emazantsi ayo idolophu enabantu abaninzi, ikhaya labantu abangama-32,688 (uqikelelo luka-2022), ikakhulu abantu baseGibraltarians.
Ngowe-1704, imikhosi yamaNgesi namaDatshi yathimba iGibraltar esuka eSpeyin ebudeni beMfazwe yokuLandelana kweSpeyin. Lo mmandla wanikelwa kwi -Great Britain ngonaphakade phantsi kweSivumelwano sase-Utrecht ngo-1713. Yaba sisiseko esibalulekileyo seRoyal Navy, ngakumbi ngexesha leeMfazwe zeNapoleonic kunye neMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi, njengoko yayilawula umnyango omncinci kunye nokuphuma kuLwandle lweMeditera, iStrait yaseGibraltar, eyi- 8.9 mi kuphela. ububanzi. Eli nqanaba lokuminxa lihlala libalulekile ngokweqhinga, nesiqingatha sorhwebo lolwandle lwehlabathi oludlula kuyo. Uqoqosho lwaseGibraltar lusekwe ikakhulu kukhenketho, ukungcakaza kwi-Intanethi, kwiinkonzo zezimali, nakwi -bunkering.
Isilevu
Isilevu okanye ummandla wokucamngca yindawo apha ebusweni ngezantsi komlebe osezantsi ikwaquka indawo eveleleyo. Ithanda ukuba ncinane yaye ibe ngqukuva kubantu basetyhini, ngelixa iba nkulu de ibe buxande emadodeni. Yenziwa ziintlafuno ezingezantsi. Ebantwini kuneentlobo eziliqela zemilo zezilevu, umzekelo isilevu esinefotho.
''In human evolution, the chin is a cladistic apomorphy, partially defining anatomically modern humans as distinct from archaic forms. Non-human anthropoid apes have a simian shelf for example. Indlovu  are the only other animals considered to display such a feature,'' although this leads to debate over the use of the term.
I-PLL ye-multibit
I-multibit ye-PLL okanye i-multibit ye-PLL yi- loop evaliweyo yesigaba (i-PLL) efezekisa ukusebenza okuphuculweyo xa kuthelekiswa ne- unibit ye-PLL ngokusebenzisa amasuntswana amaninzi. Ii-Unibit PLLs zisebenzisa kuphela eyona bit ibalulekileyo (MSB) yebhasi yemveliso yekhawunta nganye ukulinganisa isigaba, ngelixa ii-multibit PLL zisebenzisa amasuntswana amaninzi. Ii-PLL ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo kunxibelelwano ngocingo.
Ii-PLL zeMultibit ziphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokusebenza kakuhle: ukusetyenziswa ngcono kwe- frequency spectrum, ukunceda abasebenzisi abaninzi kumgangatho ophezulu wenkonzo (QoS), ukunciphisa amandla okuhambisa iRF, kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwiiselfowuni nezinye izixhobo ezingenazingcingo.
Ukwamukelwa kokufa
Ukwamukelwa kokufa (IsiNgesi: A Deadly Adoption)  Ifilimu yase IYunayithedi Steyitsi umabonwakude drama ye 2015, yeluswa nguwe, Rachel Lee Goldenberg kwaye ibhaliwe Andrew Steele, kukhutshwa ngoJuni 20 ye kumabonwakude Lifetime.
Ibali
Sarah kukutya okuphumelelayo, Ingqungquthela yokukhulelwa apho iziganeko ezithengisa kakhulu, Robert. Phambi ukhulelwe yokuqala yokuzalwa ifumana umnqweno ngenxa wasentsomini Storm Lake. Kamva unelisekile naliphi na okwangoku okwangoku kubhala amaxesha abo aphulukanayo aphinde abuyele kwisinye isibhamu.
Norowe
INorway, ngokusemthethweni uBukumkani baseNorway, lilizwe laseNordic kuMntla Yurophu, ummandla omkhulu welizwe oquka intshona kunye neyona ndawo isemantla yePeninsula yaseScandinavia. Isiqithi esisemagqagaleni eArctic iJan Mayen kunye nechweba laseSvalbard nazo ziyinxalenye yeNorway. Isiqithi saseBouvet, esise- Subantarctic, sixhomekeke eNorway; ikwabeka amabango kwimimandla ye-Antarctic yasePeter I Island kunye ne-Queen Maud Land. Ikomkhulu kunye nesixeko esikhulu eNorway yiOslo.
INorway inommandla 385,207 km2 kwaye yayinabemi abayi-5,488,984 ngoJanuwari 2023. Ilizwe labelana ngomda omde osempuma kunye neSweden kubude be-. Umda weFinland kunye neRussia ukuya emantla-mpuma kunye neSkagerrak Strait emazantsi, kwelinye icala apho yiDenmark kunye neUnited Kingdom. INorway inonxweme olubanzi, olujongene noLwandlekazi lweAtlantiki olukuMntla noLwandle iBarents. Impembelelo yaselwandle ilawula imozulu yaseNorway, kunye namaqondo obushushu asezantsi kumanxweme olwandle; Umbindi welizwe, ngelixa ubanda, nawo uthambile ngokuphawulekayo kuneendawo ezikwenye indawo ehlabathini kwezo zide zisemantla. Kwanasebusuku emantla, amaqondo obushushu angaphezu komkhenkce ayinto eqhelekileyo kunxweme. Impembelelo yaselwandle izisa imvula ephezulu kunye nekhephu kwiindawo ezithile zelizwe.
UHarald V weNdlu yaseGlücksburg unguKumkani wangoku waseNorway. UJonas Gahr Støre ube yinkulumbuso ukusukela ngo-2021. Njengelizwe elimanyeneyo elinobukhosi obunomgaqo-siseko, iNorway yahlula amandla karhulumente phakathi kwepalamente, ikhabhinethi kunye nenkundla ephakamileyo, njengoko kumiselwe ngumgaqo -siseko we - 1814.
. Ubukumkani basekwa ngo-872 njengokudityaniswa kwezikumkani ezininzi ezincinci kwaye bekukho ngokuqhubekayo kwi-1, Iminyaka i. Ukusukela ngo-1537 ukuya kowe-1814, iNorway yayiyinxalenye yoBukumkani baseDenmark-Norway, kwaye, ukusuka ngo-1814 ukuya kowe-19 y, yayikumanyano lobuqu noBukumkani baseSweden. INorway yayingathathi cala ngexesha leMfazwe yeHlabathi yokuQala, kwaye nakwiMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi de kwango-Epreli ngo-1940 xa ilizwe lahlaselwa laza lathinjwa yiJamani yamaNazi de kwaba sekupheleni kwemfazwe.
Maine
Imaine lelona lizwe lisezantsi kwingingqi yeNew England kuMntla-mpuma weUnited States. Umda weNew Hampshire ngasentshona, iGulf of Maine ukuya emazantsi mpuma, kunye namaphondo aseCanada aseNew Brunswick naseQuebec ukuya emantla mpuma nakumantla-ntshona, ngokulandelanayo. Elona lizwe likhulu ngommandla waseNew England, iMaine lelona 12 lincinci ngokwengingqi, i -9th-incinci inabemi, i- 13th-eyona inabemi abaninzi, kunye neyona ndawo yasemaphandleni kumazwe angama-50 ase-US. Ikwangowona usemantla mpuma phakathi kwe- United States edibanayo, ilizwe elisemantla empuma yeGreat Lakes, ekuphela kwelizwe eligama layo linesilabhili esinye, kwaye ekuphela kwelizwe elinomda welinye ilizwe lase-US. Ngokumalunga nesiqingatha sommandla waseMaine ulele kwicala ngalinye le -45th parallel enyakatho kwisibanzi. Esona sixeko sinabantu abaninzi eMaine yiPortland, ngelixa ikomkhulu layo linguAugusta.
IMaine yaziwa ngokwesiko ngokujija kwayo, uLwandlekazi lweAtlantiki enamatye kunye nonxweme oluselunxwemeni; iintaba ezigudileyo; ingaphakathi elinamahlathi kakhulu; iindlela ezintle zamanzi; namaqunube ayo aluhlaza kunye nokutya kwaselwandle, ngakumbi iikreyifishi neeclams. I-Coastal and Down East Maine iye yavela njengamaziko abalulekileyo kuqoqosho loyilo, ngakumbi kwindawo yasePortland, ekwazisa i-gentrification.
Apalit
Le dolophu idume ngeApung Iru Fluvial Procession, edweliswe njengenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ezisekwe emanzini enkcubeko yelifa lemveli kwiiPhilippines. Umnyhadala uba rhoqo nge-28-30 kaJuni.
IBhunga leNkxaso-mali laseSkotlani
IBhunga leNkxaso-mali laseScottishisiGaelic saseScottish : Comhairle Maoineachaidh na h-Alba ; I - SFC ), ekubhekiselwa kuyo ngokusesikweni njengeBhunga leNkxaso-mali yeMfundo ePhakamileyo yaseScotland, liqumrhu likarhulumente elingelilo isebe elihlawuliswe inkxaso-mali kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo aseSkotlani, kuquka iikholeji ezingama - 26 kunye neeyunivesithi ezili - 19.
Ibhunga lasekwa nguMthetho weMfundo ePhakamileyo nePhakamileyo (eScotland) 2005. Ithatha indawo yamabhunga amabini ahlukeneyo enkxaso-mali, iBhunga leNkxaso-mali yeMfundo ePhakamileyo yaseScottish (i-SFEFC) kunye neBhunga leNkxaso-mali yeMfundo ePhakamileyo yaseScottish (SHEFC), eyasekwa nguMthetho weMfundo ePhakamileyo noPhakamileyo (eScotland) ngo-1992. Ekusekweni kwayo, iSFC yafumana bonke abasebenzi kunye nempahla yaloo mabhunga.
Isikhululo seenqwelomoya Ukumisa isikhululo sikaloliwe
Isikhululo sikaloliwe sokumisa isikhululo sikaloliwe, esaziwa ngokuba yiJinnah Airport sifumaneka eKarachi,eSindh, ePakistan.
Umnyhadala weSlane
Umnyhadala weSlane (odla ngokubizwa ngokuba nguSlane ) yikonsathi ephindaphindwayo ebibanjwa iminyaka emininzi ukusukela ngo-1981 kumhlaba weSlane Castle kumda weSlane e County Meath, eIreland. Le nqaba iphethwe yi -8th Marquess Conyngham, eyayisaziwa ngegama lembeko i- Earl yeNtaba iCharles ukusuka ngo-1974 ukuya kutsho ngo-2009. I-Slane ilele phakathi kweNavan kunye neDrogheda, malunga ne-45 km kumntla-ntshona weDublin. Iikonsathi zidla ngokuba ngoMgqibelo ngo-Agasti, ukusuka ngo-12:00 ukuya ku-22:00. Iindawo ezithambekileyo zeSlane Castle zenza iqonga lendalo elilungele iikonsathi. Kangangangama-70,000–110,000 abantu abadla ngokuzimasa. Omnye wemida yendawo nguMlambo iBoyne. Abantu ababini basweleka ngelixa bezama ukuqubha emlanjeni ukufumana ukufikelela simahla kwikonsathi ye- REM ngo-1995. Ubuncinci beminyaka yokwamkelwa kwi-Slane Festival yancitshiswa ngo-2006 ukusuka kwi-18 ukuya kwi-16 ngenxa yezikhalazo.
I-Aiken Promotions imema abaculi abafana noDavid Bowie, uBob Dylan, uKumkanikazi, i-Rolling Stones, kunye noBruce Springsteen ukuba benze ngexesha le-1980. 2001 kunye 2013 kuphela iminyaka apho iikonsathi ezimbini zabanjwa ngonyaka omnye. Kwi-2001, zombini iikonsathi zabhalwa ngu -U2. Ngo-2013, ikhonsathi yokuqala yayiphethwe nguBon Jovi kwaye eyesibini ngu- Eminem, owayeye wayirhoxisa imbonakalo yakhe ye-Slane ngo-2005 emva kokungena ekubuyiseleni iziyobisi.
Ammognich
Kwixesha elidlulileyo uNjingalwazi uPalmieri wayefune ukuwonga abantu abaziphethe kakuhle kwaye wathoba amanqaku kubantu abaziphata kakubi.
Uxele IBanda della Cingomma ukuba uyakufumana ivoto ezintandathu
kwaye ke kukho IBanda i-Ammognich, eyenza ngokuchaseneyo, oko kukuthi, iyatshabalalisa amathandathu kunye nobubi.
Multilingualism
Iilwimi ezininzi kukusetyenziswa kolwimi olungaphezulu kwesinye, nokuba sisithethi okanye liqela lezithethi. Kukholelwa ukuba abantu abathetha iilwimi ezininzi bodlula abathetha ulwimi olunye kubemi behlabathi. Ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sabo bonke abemi baseYurophu bathi bathetha olunye ulwimi ngaphandle kolwimi lwabo lweenkobe ; kodwa abaninzi bafunda kwaye babhale ngolwimi olunye. Ukuthethwa kweelwimi ezininzi kuluncedo kubantu abafuna ukuthatha inxaxheba kurhwebo, umanyano lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokuvuleleka kwenkcubeko. Ngenxa yokufikelela lula kulwazi oluququzelelwa yi-Intanethi, ukutyhileka komntu ngamnye kwiilwimi ezininzi kuye kwenzeka ngakumbi. Abantu abathetha iilwimi ezininzi bakwabizwa ngokuba zii-polyglots.
Abantu abathetha iilwimi ezininzi baye bafunda kwaye bagcina ulwimi olunye ebuntwaneni, oko kubizwa ngokuba lulwimi lokuqala (L1). Ulwimi lokuqala (maxa wambi lukwabizwa ngokuba lulwimi lweenkobe) ludla ngokufunyanwa ngaphandle kwemfundo esesikweni, ngeendlela apho abaphengululi bangavumelaniyo. Abantwana abafunda iilwimi ezimbini zomthonyama kule minyaka yokuqala babizwa ngokuba ziilwimi ezimbini ezidityanisiweyo. Kuqhelekile ukuba abantu abancinci abathetha iilwimi ezimbini ngaxeshanye babe nobuchule ngakumbi kolunye ulwimi kunolunye.
Abantu abathetha ngaphezu kolwimi olunye kuxelwe ukuba banobuchule bokufunda ulwimi xa kuthelekiswa nolwimi olunye.
Iacciaio
yialloy yeferrous ikakhulu yenziwe nge iron kunye ne carbon, le yokugqibela ikwipesenti engadlulanga kwi 2.06 % ; ngaphaya kwalo mda, iipropati zenguqu yezinto eziphathekayo kunye ne-alloy ithatha igama lentsimbi.
Iiholide
Iiholide kumthetho wezabasebenzi ziintsuku zokungabikho emsebenzini kwaye zibonwa njengelungelo kumqeshwa.
Lvinaya Edlulileyo
Moekeshiwan, okwakwaziwa njenge Lvinaya Past, ngokoqobo " Lion's Maw ", emva kwelitye eliphuma elwandle kwaye lifana nengonyama eleleyo), yintaba-mlilo kwindawo esemazantsi e- Iturup kwiiKuril Islands, ibango yiJapan kwaye ilawulwa yiRashiya. Intaba-mlilo iphawulwa ngokuba ngumgodi omkhulu okhukuliswe luLwandle lwaseOkhotsk . Ugqabhuko-dubulo olukhulu lwenzeka kwangoko ngexesha leHolocene eyafikelela kwisalathiso sokudubula kwentaba-mlilo sesi-7.
Isikhululo sikaloliwe saseValenzano
IValenzano sisikhululo sikaloliwe eValenzano, eItali. Isikhululo sibekwe kuloliwe waseBari-Casamassima-Putignano. Iinkonzo zikaloliwe kunye neziseko zoncedo zikaloliwe ziqhutywa yiFerrovie del Sud Est.
Ubufanasini
Ubufanasini ngumtsalane wothando, umtsalane ngokwesondo, okanye ukuziphatha ngokwesondo phakathi kwamalungu esini esinye okanye isini. Njengokuziqhelanisa ngokwesondo, ubufanasini "yipateni ehlala ihleli yeemvakalelo, ezothando, kunye/okanye ezinomtsalane ngokwesondo" kubantu besini esifanayo.
Kunye nobufanasini kunye nesini esahlukileyo, ubufanasini lolunye lwezintlu ezintathu eziphambili zokuziqhelanisa nesondo phakathi kwabantu abathandana besini esahlukileyo-okuqhubekayo. Iingcali zenzululwazi azikayazi eyona sizathu sokuziqhelanisa ngokwesondo, kodwa zithi kubangelwa kukudibana okuntsonkothileyo kofuzo, ihomoni, kunye neempembelelo zokusingqongileyo  kwaye ungayijongi njengokhetho.
Isikhululo seenqwelomoya saseAlghero-Fertilia
Alghero - Riviera del Corallo Airport        sisikhululo seenqwelomoya samazwe ngamazwe simi kwi 4.3 NM  kumntla-ntshona wesixeko saseAlghero, kumantla eSardinia, eItali. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi -Alghero-Fertilia Airport, ebizwa ngokuba yilali ekufutshane yaseFertilia okanye kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya iAlghero. Sesinye sezikhululo zeenqwelomoya ezintathu eziphambili ezisebenzela iSardinia, ezinye ziyi -Olbia emantla-mpuma, kwaye kufutshane neCagliari emazantsi. Isikhululo seenqwelomoya siqhutywa yiSO.GE.A.AL ( Societa di Gestione Aeroporto di Alghero ).
Iiholide
Imimiselo elawulayo kulo mba ebonelelwe yimimiselo emininzi ngokubanzi ibhekisela kuphela kudidi lwabasebenzi, kungekhona kubasebenzi abazisebenzelayo, abazimeleyo okanye abaqeqeshwayo.
Ubufanasini
ngelishwa, olu hlobo lokwabelana ngesondo sisono esinzulu kwaye umntu unethuba lokuya esihogweni
I-Alaska Airlines Flight 261
IAlaska Airlines Flight 261 yayiyinqwelomoya yeAlaska Airlines yenqwelomoya yaseMcDonnell Douglas MD-83 eyantlitheka kuLwandlekazi lwePasifiki nge-31 kaJanuwari, 2000, malunga 2.7 mi emantla eSiqithi sase-Anacapa, eCalifornia, emva kokulahlekelwa yintlekele yolawulo lwebala, kwafa bonke abantu abangama-88 ababekhwele apho: abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya ababini, amalungu amathathu ekhebhini, kunye nabakhweli abangama-83. Inqwelomoya yayiyinqwelomoya ecwangcisiweyo yamazwe ngamazwe esuka eLicenciado Gustavo Díaz Ordaz International Airport ePuerto Vallarta, Jalisco, Mexico, ukuya eSeattle-Tacoma International Airport kufuphi Seattle, Washington, United States, kunye nokumisa okuphakathi kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya saseSan Francisco kufuphi neSan Francisco, California.
Uphando olulandelayo lweBhodi yoKhuseleko lwezoThutho lweSizwe (NTSB) lunqume ukuba ukugcinwa okunganeleyo kwakhokelela ekuguqweni okugqithisileyo kunye nokusilela ekugqibeleni kwenkqubo yokulawula indiza ebalulekileyo ngexesha lokuhamba. Unobangela onokwenzeka wachazwa "kukuphulukana nolawulo lokuma kwenqwelo-moya okubangelwa kukungaphumeleli kwinqwelo-moya ye- horizontal stabilizer trim system jackscrew assembly's trapezoidal nut threads . Ukusilela komsonto kubangelwe kukunxitywa okugqithisileyo okubangelwa kukungathobi ngokwaneleyo kwe -Alaska Airlines kwindibano yejackscrew. " Ngemizamo yabo yobugorha yokusindisa inqwelomoya, bobabini abaqhubi beenqwelomoya emva kokufa kwabo bawongwa ngeMbasa yeGolide yeAir Line Pilots.
Xhosa music
Umculo wesiXhosa kudala uyinxalenye yomculo woMzantsi Afrika ingakumbi kwicandelo lejezi. Kususela mandulo, ukucula ibilisiko nenkcubeko yamaXhosa.
Isandi sesiXhosa
Ingoma yesiXhosa isekelwe kwizixhobo zesaphetha zesiXhosa ezifana nethi 'umrhube' kunye 'nohadi' ngezandi ezibini ezisisiseko kumculo wesiXhosa. Iimvumi zemveli zamaXhosa zilinganisa izandi zezaphetha zazo zomculo zisebenzisa amazwi azo ngokulawula ulwimi lwazo kunye nokubunjwa komngxuma womlomo. Bavelisa ii-overtones ngokuphakamisa ulwimi ngoko ke bakha igumbi le-resonance. Isandi esibonakalayo sokucula ngokugqithisileyo senziwa ngokuqinisa imisipha yomqala ukudala isandi esiphantsi, esibuhlungu, esiqhekezayo. Obu buchule bunika ngokukodwa abafazi, ilizwi elinzulu. Ukucula i-Overtone kwenziwa kuphela ngabasetyhini kwaye ngokubanzi yimvumi ebalaseleyo ekhokela ingoma. .
Isitalato
Ekuqaleni, igama lesitrato lalithetha nje indlela egangathiweyo ( via strata  ). Igama elithi isitalato lisasetyenziswa ngamanye amaxesha ngokungekho sikweni njengesithethantonye sendlela, umzekelo ngokunxulumene nesitalato samandulo saseWatling, kodwa abahlali besixeko kunye nabacwangcisi basezidolophini bazoba umahluko obalulekileyo wale mihla: owona msebenzi uphambili wendlela luthutho, ngelixa izitalato ziququzelela intsebenziswano yoluntu. Imizekelo yezitalato ibandakanya izitalato zabahamba ngeenyawo, iindledlana, kunye nezitalato ezisembindini wesixeko ezixinene kakhulu ukuba zingakwazi ukudlula izithuthi zendlela. Ngokuchaseneyo, oohola bendlela kunye neenqwelo-mafutha ziintlobo zeendlela, kodwa bambalwa abanokubhekisela kuzo njengezitrato.
Isitalato yindlela kawonke -wonke kwindawo eyakhiweyo. Ngumhlaba woluntu odibana nezakhiwo kwimeko yedolophu, apho abantu banokuhlanganisana ngokukhululekileyo, banxibelelane, kwaye bahambehamba. Isitalato sinokuba lula njengomgangatho wobumdaka, kodwa sihlala sigaywa ngomphezulu oqinileyo, owomeleleyo onje ngetela, ikhonkrithi, ilitye lesiseko okanye izitena. Izahlulo zisenokugudiswa nge -asphalt, zifakwe ngoololiwe, okanye zilungiswe ngenye indlela ukuze zivumelane nabahambi ngeenyawo.
Xhosa music
Umculo wesiXhosa uyavakala kwaye uyanxibelelana, nto leyo equka ukuvakaliswa kwamagama nezandi ngesingqi. Kukwabandakanya intshukumo yomzimba esetyenziswa xa kuqhwatywa izandla, kudanisa okanye kudlalwa isixhobo somculo. Inkosi ezohlukeneyo zamaXhosa zabelana ngeengcinga ezifanayo zomculo.
Izixhobo zomculo
Amagubu:
Philippi village
I-Philippi Village luphuhliso oluhlanganisiweyo olusebenzisa izinto ezixubeneyo elilikhaya kuluntu olwahlukeneyo loosomashishini kunye nabanini bamashishini amancinci abaneevenkile zokuthengisa, iiofisi kunye nendawo yomsitho kunye nemidlalo, izibonelelo zemfundo nenkcubeko ePhilippi, eKapa, ​​eMzantsi Afrika .Ithathwa njengento ekhuthaza ushishino kuluntu lwasezilokishini ezikwindawo yaseKapa eCape Flats, eyona ngqwalasela iphambili yePhilippi Village kukubonelela ngeendawo zokusebenza zentsebenziswano kubanini bamashishini abancinci nabancinci, kunye nokudala amathuba engqesho kunye nokunyusa umgangatho woluntu lwasekuhlaleni, lo gama kwangaxeshanye indawo ephilayo nekhuselekileyo yothethathethwano noluntu. Ngesikhumbuzo sokuzalwa kwayo sokuqala, i-Hub yapapasha ukuba idale imisebenzi esisigxina engama-66, imisebenzi yethutyana engama-284 kwaye isingathe imisitho eli-15 kwiziko layo lenkomfa.
Ilali yasePhilippi yasekwa nguBushra Razack, usomashishini ophumelele ibhaso loluntu, iarhente yotshintsho, ingcali yobuntu kunye nophuhliso loluntu.Uzalelwe eKapa waya kumabanga aphakamileyo Ladysmith , KwaZulu-Natal , nalapho aphumelele ibanga leshumi ngo-2003. Wakhulela kwikhaya leenkedama kunye nabanye abantwana abangama-70 kwaye eneminyaka elishumi elinesibini wamela uMzantsi Afrika kwiNkongolo yoLutsha yeHlabathi yokuqala eyaziwa ngokuba yiMillennium Young People's Congress eHonolulu County, eHawaii. Ungumbhali kunye wencwadi ethi: "Rescue Mission", uvavanyo lolutsha kwiiNjongo zoPhuhliso lweMillennium ze-UN ezasungulwa kwiNgqungquthela yeHlabathi yoPhuhliso oluZinzileyo eRhawutini, eMzantsi Afrika.
Bushra razack
UBushra Razack yingcaphephe yophuhliso loluntu lwaseMzantsi Afrika kwaye ukwangummeli wotshintsho kunye noncedo loluntu olugxile ekubandakanyeni abachaphazelekayo. Wazalelwa kwiphondo laseNtshona Koloni, eMzantsi Afrika waza wafunda kumabanga aphakamileyo eLadysmith, Kwazulu-Natal nalapho athe waphumelela ibanga leshumi ngo-2003
Ngokukhula kwakhe
UBushra wakhula kunye nabanye abantwana abangama-70 kwikhaya leenkedama kwaye ukususela emncinci wafunda ukubaluleka kokubuyisela okanye ukunikela. Ungumbhali ngokubambisana wencwadi ebizwa, 'Rescue Mission', eyayiyenye yeencwadi eziphonononga ulutsha zeMillennium Development Goals yeZizwe eziManyeneyo ezithiwe thaca kwiNkomfa yeHlabathi yoPhuhliso oluZinzileyo, ikomkhulu laseRhawutini. , Mzantsi Afrika. Umsebenzi wakhe noPeace Child, umbutho weembacu osebenzela ukuxhobisa ulutsha ngophuhliso olukhokelwa lulutsha[2] kunye nokunciphisa intlupheko, wamsa kumazwe afana neMorocco, Egypt, Serbia, India, Canada kunye neSkotlani ngethuba esafunda. Emva kwezifundo zakhe uchithe iminyaka emithathu esenza izicwangciso zokubonelela ngeenkonzo kwizibhedlele zokhathalelo lwamehlo eKenya naseCameroon. Amava akhe ophuhliso abandakanya ukusebenza ne-Standard Chartered Bank kunye neprojekthi yabo ye-Global Seeing is Believing, i-CBM, i-UNOCHA (i-Ofisi yeZizwe eziManyeneyo yoLungelelaniso lweMicimbi yoLuntu), kunye ne-Right to Sight International (uNxibelelwano phakathi koMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi kunye ne-International Organization for the Ukuthintelwa kobumfama. UBushra ufumana inkuthazo kubantu asebenza nabo kwiindawo ezifana noMitchells Plain, Cape Flats nasePhilippi kwiphondo laseNtshona Koloni eMzantsi Afrika.Kungoku nje ungumphathi wePhilippi Village ePhilippi, iziko elidala amathuba emisebenzi nokukhuthaza. amalungu oluntu lwendawo, ngelixa kwangaxeshanye ibe yindawo edlamkileyo nekhuselekileyo yengxoxo yoluntu kushishino, ubugcisa, inkcubeko kunye nenkqubo yemfundo.
Isikhululo seenqwelomoya saseJaisalmer
Isikhululo seenqwelomoya sinomgaqo weenqwelo-moya omnye 9,000 ft ubude neemitha ezingama- 150 ft ububanzi. Abathwali abebekhe babhabha besiya/besuka kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya baquka iVayudoot kunye neKingfisher Airlines. Ngo-2015, ayizange isetyenziselwe iinqwelomoya, kwaye yavalwa de iinkonzo zaqala phantsi kweskimu se -UDAN kwi-2017.
Iindlela yokuphila
Imbali Ngendlela Yokuphila kwaXhosa eMandulo
Bekuye kufikelele kwinqanaba apho umntwana oyintombi kufuneka ayokwenda. Ukucelwa kwentombi bekusenzeka kwinkqubo ezimbini, ebeye ahlolelwe ngabazali bakhe okanye angahlolelwa kuze usapho lomfana luzocela intombi. Umbhali Gcingca- Ndolo (2008:26) uthi Xa ke intombi ingakhange ihlolelwe bekuye kuthunyelwe oonozakuzaku baye kulo ntombi beyocelela umfana lowo ufuna ukuzeka. Oonozakuzaku ke kwakufuneka ibe ngabantu abanobuciko, ubulumnko, abakhaliphileyo nabathenjwayo lelo khaya. Ukuphumelela nokungaphumeleli kwalomsebenzi wokucela intombi bekuxhomekeke kunozakuzaku. Oonozakuzaku bebesiya kulo ntombi ngeenjongo zokuyocela ubulawu, Tshongolo (2013:143) uthi ubulawu yinkqubo okanye ngumsebenzi wokuhlanganisa imizi emibini ebingena buhlobo ngaphambili. Oonozakuzaku ke ibangabantu abangoo Tata, baye bahambe ke beqhuba iikhazi ngoba akufunekanga bafike behamba ngezandla emzini. Baye ke baphathiswe iznto ezifana no- swazi, umphako, isazimzi nezinye nezinye. Oonozakuzaku bafike beme ngasebuhlanti ke bakhonye besithi "nazi iindwendwe/ sifikile ekhaya" amadoda amakhulu ke ekhaya aye aphume ezokumamela abantu basemzini, ikhaya lakulontombi lona liye lilungise izinto ezishushu nezibandayo, umzekelo ukutya kwakunye neziselo ezimbandayo. Ukuba ke umcimbi uye wahamba kakuhle elo khazi liye lingene ebuhlanti, kuyiyizelwe ngabafazi kuvuywa kuba intombi izokungena kwisigaba zobufazi. Ukuba umcimbi awuhambanga kakuhle, Oonozakuzaku baye bajike ke nezo zipho zabo kwakunye nokhazi.
Ukucelwa Kwentombi Ukutshata kwentombi emandulo yayinto enkulu kakhulu kwaXhosa ngoba kwakukholelwa ekubeni kuzoza iinkomo ezizokhulisa ubuhlanti/ isibaya sika Yise wakhe. Amantombi ase madulo ke aye khuthazwa ukuba azigcinele umtshato, yayisithi intombi itshata ibe igazanga yadibana nandoda, lonto yayisenza abazali babenegugu ngayo kwaye izisa nemincili kweli- khaya azokwendela kulo. Umfana ke wayengaziboneli ngokwakhe intombi kodwa wayebonelwa ngabazali bakhe, izinto ezazijongwa entombini ke yayingebo- buhle bentombi okanye ukumila kakhuhle kwakhe kodwa kwakujongwa isimilo sakhe, ukukhuthala kwakhe kwakunye nokuzola kwentombi. Ukucelwa kwentombi yayinto eyayilidelekile kwaXhosa kuba kwakusaziwa ingcwaba lentombi lisemzini. Abazali bentombi kenabo babeyikhethela ngokwabo umzi azotshatela kuwo, kuba babengafuni ukuhluphekisa intombi yabo kwaye no Yise wayejonge iikhazi elizoza ligcwalise ubuhlanti bakhe, emandulo imali yayigekho ngako ke ubutyebi bendoda bebumetaniswa nenani leenkomo kwakunye nenye imfuyo ekhoyo kwelo khaya. Umfana ke kwaXhosa ebengavumelekanga ukuba athathe umfazi abe engenazo neenkomo ezimbini, bekunyanzelekile ukuba aqale asebenze, ngelaxesha lasemandulo phambi kokuba kufike amaBhulu imisebenzi efana nemayini namashishini yayingekho. Iindoda yayijolisa ekunakekeleni iimfuyo kaYise, amane uyise ke eyohlulela noba ngamathole anowakhulisa ade akhulu abeziinkomo. Uyise womfana wayesongeza kulonto umfana anayo. Ukuze kwaXhosa abonwe umfana ukuba uyindoda kwakuye kujongwe ukuba unaye na umfazi, yilonto umfazi wayexabiseke kakhulu kwaXhosa.
Eyesibini ke indlela yokwenda kwentombi ibikuhlolela. Ukuhlolela lisiko apho intombi icelelwa khona isoka. Bekuthi ngentsasa amadoda avuke athabathe umkhonto usiwe kweli soka intombi icelelwa kulo, bebefika bagxumeke loo mkhonto kulo mzi. Intombi ebisenzelwa lomsitho wokuhlolela, yintombi endala engekendi, mhlambi inesosiphango sithile, umzekelo mhlambi ayiboni, ikhubazekile okanye yazalela edlwini. Bekuye ke kuyohlolelwa intombi icelelwe isoka elingekazimanyi neqhina lomtshato. Usapho laku losoka belivuka libone lomkhonto libuzise zelifumanise ukuba ngoweliphi ikhaya ufakwe endlini. Emveni kokuba ikhaya lakulo soka lamnkele umkhonto bekuye kuqale ingxoxo zobulawu. Ibibalihlazo elikhulu ke ukuba umkhonto uye wabuyiswa ngabakulo soka, ibibalihlazo kwikhaya lentombi kwaye entombini ithemba lokwenda beliye libemfiliba.
Ukuhlukunyezwa kwesiyobisi
Iziyobisi ezihlala zinxulunyaniswa neli gama ziquka: utywala, i-amphetamines, i-barbiturates, i-benzodiazepines, i- cannabis, i- cocaine, i-hallucinogens (nangona ingekho i- psychedelic eyaziwayo, enye yeendidi ezintathu ze- hallucinogens, efunyenwe ukuba nayo nayiphi na into enokubakho), i-methaqualone ., kunye neeopioids. Oyena nobangela wokusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi awukacaci, kodwa zimbini iithiyori ezibalaseleyo: nokuba sisimo semfuza okanye umkhwa ofundwe kwabanye, othi, ukuba likhoboka leziyobisi, ubonakale njengesifo esingapheliyo esibangela ukuba buthathaka.
Ngo-2010, malunga ne-5% yabantu (izigidi ezingama-230) basebenzise into engekho mthethweni. Kwaba, abazizigidi ezingama-27 basengozini enkulu yokusebenzisa iziyobisi—eyaziwa ngokuba kukusetyenziswa rhoqo kweziyobisi—ebangela ingozi kwimpilo yabo, ebangela iingxaki ezingokwengqondo, okanye ebangela iingxaki zasekuhlaleni ezibabeka esichengeni sezo ngozi.
Bhozniya neHerzegovina
I-Bosnia kunye neHerzegovina, efinyeziweyo ethi BiH okanye B&H, maxa wambi ebizwa ngokuba yiBosnia–Herzegovina nedla ngokubizwa ngokungacwangciswanga njengeBosnia , lilizwe elikuMzantsi -mpuma Yurophu, elikwiiBalkans. IBosnia neHerzegovina imida yaseSerbia ngasempuma, iMontenegro ukuya empuma-mpuma, kunye neCroatia ukuya emantla nakumazantsi-ntshona. Emazantsi inonxweme olumxinwa kuLwandle lweAdriatic phakathi kweMeditera, emalunga 20 km ubude kwaye ijikeleze idolophu yaseNeum. I-Bosnia, eyingingqi engaphakathi elizweni, inemozulu yelizwekazi eliphakathi kunye nehlobo elishushu kunye nobusika obubandayo, obunekhephu. Kwimimandla esembindini nakwimpuma yelizwe, ijografi ineentaba, emantla-ntshona ineenduli ezilinganiselweyo, kwaye kumntla-mpuma ubukhulu becala ithe tyaba. IHerzegovina, eyingingqi encinci, esemazantsi elizwe, inemozulu yeMeditera kwaye ubukhulu becala ineentaba. I-Sarajevo iyinhloko-dolophu kunye neyona dolophu inkulu yelizwe elandelwa nguBanja Luka, Tuzla kunye neZenica.
Ummandla okhoyo ngoku eBosnia naseHerzegovina uhlalwe ngabantu ukususela ubuncinane kwi- Upper Paleolithic, kodwa ubungqina bubonisa ukuba ngexesha le- Neolithic, iindawo zokuhlala ezisisigxina zabantu zasekwa, kubandakanywa nezo zivela kwi- Butmir, Kakanj, kunye neenkcubeko zeVučedol. Emva kokufika kwe -Indo-Europeans yokuqala, le ndawo yayihlalwa ziimpucuko ezininzi zaseIllyrian kunye neCeltic. Ngokwenkcubeko, ezopolitiko, nentlalontle, eli lizwe linembali etyebileyo nentsonkothileyo. Ookhokho bezizwe zaseMzantsi Slavic ezihlala kule ndawo namhlanje bafika ngexesha le-6 ukuya kweye-9. Ngenkulungwane ye-12, kwasekwa iBanate yaseBosnia ; ngenkulungwane ye-14, oku kuye kwavela kuBukumkani baseBosnia. Embindini wenkulungwane ye-15, yafakwa kwi- Ottoman Empire, ephantsi kolawulo lwalo de kwasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19. Ama-Ottomans azisa inkolo yobuSilamsi kulo mmandla, kwaye yatshintsha imbonakalo yelizwe kunye nenkcubeko yoluntu.
Ukususela ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 ukuya kutsho kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi I, eli lizwe lafakwa kulawulo lookumkani baseAustria-Hungary. Ngexesha lemfazwe, iBosnia neHerzegovina yayiyinxalenye yoBukumkani baseYugoslavia. Emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, yanikwa iwonga elipheleleyo leriphabliki kwiSocialist Federal Republic yaseYugoslavia eyayisandul’ ukusekwa. Ngowe-1992, emva kokuqhekeka kweYugoslavia, iriphabliki yavakalisa inkululeko. Oku kwalandelwa yiMfazwe yaseBosnia, eyahlala de kwasekupheleni kuka-1995 yaza yafikelela esiphelweni ngokusayinwa kweSivumelwano saseDayton.
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Ngokusemthethweni iRiphabhlikhi yase-Iceland (isi-Icelandic: Lýðveldið Ísland ), lilizwe lesiqithi elikumantla aseYurophu kwaye liyinxalenye yoMmandla weScandinavia. Ibekwe kuLwandlekazi lweAtlantiki yoMntla, phakathi kweGreenland neGreat Britain, kumntla-ntshona weZiqithi zeFarae. I-Iceland ijikelezwe luLwandle lwaseGreenland ukuya emantla, uLwandlekazi lwaseAtlantiki oluseMantla ukuya empuma nasemazantsi, kunye neDenmark Strait ngasentshona.
Phi
Inani (libhalwe njenge " pi ") yimathematika engaguqukiyo engumlinganiselo wesangqa kwidayamitha yaso, malunga ne 3.14159. Inani livela kwiifomyula ezininzi kwimathematika nakwifiziksi. Linani eli -irrational, okuthetha ukuba alinakuchazwa ngokuthe ngqo njengomlinganiselo wee-integer ezimbini, nangona amaqhezu afana nala. zidla ngokusetyenziswa ukuyiqikelela. Ngenxa yoko, umboniso wayo wedesimali awupheli, okanye ungenisa ipateni ephinda-phinda ngokusisigxina. Linani elingaphaya kwengqondo, okuthetha ukuba ayinakuba sisisombululo senxaki ebandakanya kuphela izibalo, iimveliso, amandla, kunye nenani elipheleleyo. Ukugqithiswa kuka kuthetha ukuba akunakwenzeka ukusombulula umngeni wamandulo wokusquaring isangqa ngekhampasi kunye ne-straightedge. Inani lokugqibela lika libonakala lisasazwa ngokungacwangciswanga,  kodwa akukho bungqina balo mfanekiso bufunyenweyo.
Kangangamawaka eminyaka, iingcali zezibalo ziye zazama ukwandisa ukuqonda kwazo u, ngamanye amaxesha ngokuthelekisa ixabiso layo ukuya kwinqanaba eliphezulu lokuchaneka. Impucuko yamandulo, kubandakanya amaJiphutha namaBhabhiloni, yayifuna uqikelelo oluchanekileyo lwe yokubala okusebenzayo. Malunga nama-250BC, isazi sezibalo samaGrike u-Archimedes wenze i-algorithm yokuqikelela ngokuchaneka okungafunekiyo. Ngenkulungwane ye-5 ye-AD, iingcali zezibalo zaseTshayina zaqikelelwa ku ukuya kwasixhenxe, ngelixa iingcali zezibalo zaseIndiya zenza uqikelelo olunamanani amahlanu, zombini zisebenzisa ubuchule bejometri. Indlela yokuqala yokubala ka, esekwe kuthotho olungenasiphelo, yafunyanwa kwimillennium kamva. Ukusetyenziswa kwangaphambili okwaziwayo konobumba wesiGrike u-π ukumela umlinganiselo wesangqa sesangqa ukuya kwidayamitha yaso yayiyingcali yezibalo yaseWales uWilliam Jones ngo-1706
Ukwenziwa kwecalculus kwakamsinya kukhokelele ekubalweni kwamakhulu amanani ka, anele kulo lonke ubalo lwenzululwazi olusebenzayo. Nangona kunjalo, kwinkulungwane yama-20 kunye neyama-21, iingcali zezibalo kunye nezazinzulu zekhompyuter ziye zalandela iindlela ezintsha zokuthi, xa zidityanisiwe namandla okubalekayo, zandise ukumelwa kwedesimali ka- ukuya kwiitriliyoni ezininzi zamanani. Olu lubalo lukhuthazwa kuphuhliso lweealgorithms ezisebenzayo ukubala uthotho lwamanani, kunye nokufuna kwabantu ukwaphula iirekhodi. Ubalo olubanzi olubandakanyekayo luye lwasetyenziselwa ukuvavanya iikhompyutha ezinkulu.
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Ngo-2020, abantu bebengama- 366,700; oku kuyenza ibe lelinye lawona mazwe anabemi baseYurophu. Ikomkhulu yiReykjavík, esona sixeko sinabantu abaninzi besizwe esinabemi abamalunga ne- 140,000, ngelixa isixeko sesibini esibalulekileyo yiAkureyri enabemi abamalunga nama 20,000. Ifumaneka kumbindi we-Atlantiki, i-Iceland iphawule umsebenzi wentaba-mlilo kunye ne-geothermal, ebonakalisa ngamandla imbonakalo yomhlaba. Ingaphakathi libandakanya ubukhulu becala intlango, iintaba kunye ne-glaciers, apho imilambo emininzi yomkhenkce igeleza ukuya elwandle, inqumla kwiindawo eziphantsi. Imozulu yesiqithi yahluke kakhulu: emantla icacile, njengoko iphakathi, ngelixa isiqithi sonke imozulu ibanda elwandle ngenxa yeGulf current, evumela ukuhlala kakuhle.
ICawa emZantsi Afrika
Ngo-1817. UmFundisi okwangugqirha uRobert Moffat
Waamisa isikolo phakathi kwamatshwana (Bechuanas). Waaguqula iTestamente yokuqala yesiTshwana (ngonyaka ka-1939), waza wayiguqula yonke ibhayibhile yesiTshwana ngonyaka ka-1857. Waya kwaMzilikazi ngonyaka ka-1854, wathi kwangaloo ka-1857 waya nakwelamaNdebele.
=Ukufika kweecawa emaZantsi e-Afrika= Ngaphandle kwehlelo lase Moravia elafika eMzantsi Afrika ngonyaka ka-1736, elona hlelo letyalike elafika kuqala apha emaXhoseni leli laseRhabe, kuba umfundisi walo wokuqalo uNyengane (UmFundisi uJohn Thodosius van der Kemp. M.D) wafika ngonyaka ka-1799. Emva koko kulandele amaWesile ngonyaka ka-1815, ngokufika komfundisi uBarnabas Shaw owaya e-Little Namaqualand (kwelamaQwelane). Oyena mfundisi wamaWesile owafika kuqala kwelasemaXhoseni, ngumFundisi u-William Shaw ngonyaka ka-1820. Intshumayelo yakhe yokuqala wayishumayela eRhini, endlwini kaSeargent-Mayor Lucas. Emva kwamawesile kulandele amaTshetshi kwangonyaka ka-1820. Abafundisi abo basetshetshi baathunyelwa ngumbutho owawusaziwa ngokuba yi-S.P.G (Society of the propagation of gospel). Emva kwayo kwalandela i-i.U.P (United Presbyterian} eyathumela umFundisi uWilliam Chalmers, umfundisi wayo wokuqala, ngonyaka ka-1821. UmFundisi Tiyo Soga waafunda phantsi komfundisi uWilliam Chalmers lowo.
Baqonda ke abalesi okokuba kungenxa yokokuba kufikwe kuqala kweli lasemaXhoseni okwabanga ukuba eli Hlelo laseRhabe laziwe kakhulu kumaziko eenkosi zamaXhosa. Lelona Hlelo lamkelwayo ziinkosi zamaXhosa, kwathiwa yoba yeyona tyalike yamaRharhabe. Bathe abantu bebala (amaLawu) ngokunqatyelwa bubude beli gama lithi Rharhabe, asele esithi, "Rabe kerk," oko kukuthi ityalike ka"Rharhabe," yamaRhabe. Yhiyo loo tyalike ke le kuthiwa ngoku yiDipente."
Ngo-1823. UmFundisi uRogers Edwarts
Waafika waya kusebenza e-Pacaltsdorp. Weesuka apho wayakusebenza eThapholisi (Theopolis); wesuka apho naanko esiya eKuruman, wathi ukugqibela wabuyela eBhayi apho waqala khona ibandla leskikhumbuzo sikaEdwards(i-Edward's Memorial Church), bandla elo lalilibandla laserhabe ngonyaka ka-1856. waabhubhela khoba ngo-1876.
Ngo-1817. Umfundisi uJohn Brownlee
Waafika wamisa isikolo phakathi kwamaTshatshu (i-Brownlee station) ngonyaka ka-1826. Kuthe ngonyaka ka-1835, satshiswa ngoondiyalwa ngenfazwe kaHintsa, waza yena wabaleka komkhulu waya kwa-Phatho. Lithe lakuxola wabuyela kwaseGqubeni, koko sibuye satshiswa isikolo sakhe kwakhona ngemfazwe yeZembe eyayingonyaka ka1816. Ubalekele eNgqushwa. Waabuyela kwasenxiweni ngonyaka ka1848, wahlala wada wabhubhela eQonce ngonyaka ka-1871.
Ngo-1827. UmFundisi uFrederick Gottlieb Kayser
Waafika ngalo nyaka umFundisi lo, uGqadushe omdala owamisa le tyalike yaseRhabe iseXesi ngowe-1836. Waabhubhela khona ngomhla we-13 kuCanzibe ngowe-1868.
Ngo-1823. UmFundisi u-Adam Robson
Waafika waqala umsebenzi eBhayi apho afele khona ngo-1870. Wayengumfundisi wamaBhastile.
Ngo-1819. UmFundisi uJohn Phillip, D.D
Waamiselwa ukuba abe ngumongameli weetyalike zaseRhabe ezikwelasemaXhoseni.Emva kwemfazwe kaHintsa eyayingo-1836, waawela nonyana kaNgcongolo omdala (uJames Read junr.), owayesiya kufunda esikolweni Phesheya. Uwele noJan Tshatshu (inkosi yamaNtinde), no-Andries Stoffles iLawu laseKatala. Ubuye Phesheya nomfundisi u-G. Schreimer, noJan Tshatshu. Ubhubhele eHankey ngo-1851.
Umnombo weenkosi
Ukuqala Kwendlu Yasekunene
Uthi UBhotomani Mtini, umTshawe wakwaGcaleka kumaGojela, ukuqala kokubakho kweNdlu enkulu neyasekunene kwiinkosi kwaqala kunkosi uPhalo, kuba ngaphambili into ebikho ibilikhohlo. Kuthiwa kwathi ngamhla uthile, uPhalo emi eGcuwa, kwafika iinduli ezimbini ngamininye, olunye lusiza nenkosazana yaseBathenjini, olunye luneyasemaMpondweni. Zibuziwe kuba zazicela indawo yokulala, olunye lwaathi lusinga eKhobonqaba, olunye lwathi lusinga eQholorha. Luphiwe ke indawo yokulala, kwasa luxhele iinkomo ekuthiwa zimpothulo. Luthe lwakwenjenje kwasekubonwa ukuba luduli oluze enkosini, kwaahlanganiswa amadoda ukuba abuze iindaba. Bacacisile ke basebexela ukuba baze kwendisa loo makhosazana babehamba nawo. Amaphakathi acela ukuba abone iintombi ez, zaza zakhutshwa zombini. Emva koko ke kuxhelwe iinkomo zokubonwa kweentombi ezo, kwahlatywa umsitho. loo msitho waagqiba inyanga yonke; kwangenwa kwalotyolwa ikhulu kwenye, yakwalikhulu nakwenye. luthe olo uduli lwasuka lwazakhela olazo intondo olwazo iinkomo. zaza ezo ntondo zaphandla uthango lwakomkhulu.
ICawa emZantsi Afrika
Ngo-1800. UmFundisi uJames Read
Waaqala umsebenzi eKuruman, waamisa isikolo samaLawu eKatala, ngo-1829. emva koko wawela waya Phesheya kunye namadodana amaLawu amabini aguqukileyo. Ubhubhele eMpofu ngemfazwe kaMlanjeni (Ngonyaka ka-1852).
Umnombo weenkosi
=Intshayelelo=
ICawa emZantsi Afrika
1837. UmFundisi uJames Read
Lo ngunyana kaNgcongolo omdala. Waya kuthabatha indawo kayise eKatala. Waabhubhela khona ngo-1894.
Ngo-1799. UmFundisi John kitcherer
Lo waaba ngumfundisi wokuqala kubaThwa (Bushmen), waawela igqili, waqala umsebenzi phakathi kwamaGriqua. Nonyaka ka-1803 uwele wabuyela emva Phesheya koLwandle ehamba namaLawu amathathu aguqukileyo.
Umnombo weenkosi
Bathi abakhe bawulanda lo mnombo weenkosi uqala kuXhosa into kaMalandela. UXhosa uzele uTshawe wazala uNgcwangu, uNgcwangu wazala uSikhomo, uSikhomo wazala uTogu, uTogu wazala uNgconde.
Kuthiwa kuthe kwakufikwa kwixesha likaNgconde, zaqala izindlu zeenkosi zambini, yakho ekuthiwa yeNkulu, yakho nekuthiwa ukubizwa yeyaseKunene.
Inkulu kaNgconde nguTshiwo, ukunene nguNtinde. UTshiwo uzele uPhalo, inkulu noMdange ukunene. UPhalo uzele uGcaleka inkulu, noRharhabe ukunene. Buqale koonyana bakaPhalo ukwahluka ubukhosi bamaGcaleka nobamaRharhabe.
ICawa emZantsi Afrika
Ngo-1799:UmFundisi uJohn T. van der Kemp, M.D
Waafika kwelasemaXhoseni ngomhla we-10 kweyeKhala. Ngomhla we-14 kweka-Canzibe ngonyaka ka-1801 wenjenjeya ukuya eRhafu. Akaphozisanga maseko, ngonyaka ka-1803 umise isikolo sase-Bethelsdorp. Waabhubhela eKapa ngonyaka ka-1811.
Umnombo weenkosi
Ukuqala Kwendlu Yasekunene
Lo Majeke ke yinto yasemaQwambini, umphakathi obeliciko elikhulu kuTshiwo. Uye wathatyathwa ke, wathi entsuku mbini efikile, aqala abizwa amaphakathi neenkosi. Ubiziwe ke uMajeke watyhilelwa into abizelwa yona yinkosi yakhe.
ICawa emZantsi Afrika
UmFundisi uGottlieb Schreimer
Waqala umsebenzi ePhilipois. Emva koko uthunyelwe eThaba-Nchu, eLusuthu. Ngo-1846, waya kungena kwiHlelo lamaWesile.
Ngo-1816. Umfundisi uJoseph Williams (UVelidyam)
Waafika waqala umsebenzi ngaseKatala ngonyaka ka-1818. Waabhubha wangcwatyelwa ngaseGqugesi.
Ngo-1805. UmFundisi uJohn G. Ullbright
Waamisa isikolo saseTapolisi (Theopolis) ngonyaka ka-1814.
Amanda Black
UAmanda Benedicta Antony (owazalwa nge-24 kaJulayi 1993), owaziwa njengoAmanda Black, yimvumi yaseMzantsi Afrika kunye nombhali weengoma. Uzalelwe wakhulela eGcuwa umsebenzi wakhe waqala ngo-1999 eneminyaka emithandathu ecula kwiikwayala zecawe. UAmanda wayekhuphisana kwi- Idols South Africa isizini ye-11. UBlack wafudukela eRhawutini ngo-2016 ukuze aqhubele phambili nomsebenzi wakhe womculo. Utyikitye isivumelwano serekhodi kunye ne- Ambitious Entertainment ngo-2016 kwaye wafumana ukuvunywa kunyaka omnye emva kokukhululwa kwengoma yakhe ethi " Amazulu ", echongelwe iimbasa ezininzi zomculo.
Ubomi bokuqala kunye nemfundo
Waqala ukucula esemncinane ecaweni nasesikolweni de wagqiba iminyaka eyi-12, xa waqalisa ukukhuphisana nokuzingela italente okwamveza eqongeni.
2019–2020: Ukukhula kunye namandla
U-Anthony Hamilton ubhengeze ngoDisemba 2018 ukuba yena no-Amanda Black basebenzisana kumculo kunye. Nge-30 kaJanuwari 2019 u-Amanda ubhengeze ukuba usayine kunye Sony Music Entertainment. Emva kwexesha wakhupha ingoma yakhe ethi "Thandwa Ndim", eyaqala ukuyikhupha kwiminyaka emibini. Le ngoma iqale kumdlalo weMetro FM iFresh Breakfast Show no DJ Fresh no Somizi Mhlongo yaze yafikelela kwiNombolo yoNyaka. 1 kwiitshathi ze- iTunes zasekhaya ngosuku lokukhululwa.
2015–2018: Isiqalo somsebenzi kunye ne- Amazulu
Wayethathe inxaxheba kwiintlelo ezintathu ze- Idols South Africa kodwa waba yintandokazi yabalandeli kwiSizini se-11 somboniso wetalente apho uye wangena kwindawo yesi-7 ephezulu. Ngenxa yokuqhubeka nomsebenzi wakhe womculo, wafudukela eRhawutini ngoJanuwari 2016, apho wadibana ne- Ambitious Entertainment, eyamnika isivumelwano sokurekhoda.
Ubugcisa bobuso
UAmanda Black udla ngokuhombisa ubuso bakhe ngepeyinti yobuso be Stipples of Xhosa ukubonisa indlela azingca ngayo ngeengcambu zakhe. “Ubugcisa bobuso besiXhosa – umchoko wesiXhosa – usetyenziswa ukumela amaXhosa. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeepatheni, ezidalwe kakhulu ngabasetyhini. Ekukhuleni kwam, ubukhulu becala bezisenziwa ngezihlandlo ezikhethekileyo – kodwa kwezinye iindawo ezisemaphandleni eMpuma Koloni, umzekelo, umchoko sisenzo semihla ngemihla. Ubugcisa bobuso besiXhosa endibunxiba ebusweni bam bukhawuleze baba yinxalenye yegama lam njengoAmanda Black. Kodwa yaqala njengendlela yokuzibonakalisa nokwamkela ukuba ndingubani. Kum, ibuyisela umva isiko lam njengenkosikazi yomXhosa – kwaye ndiziva ndimhle ngelixa ndisenza. Imalunga nam ukuphila ngendlela endiqonda ngayo ukuba isiko lam liyiyo. Yindlela yokumela iingcambu zam kunye nalapho ndivela khona. "
Ukukhula kwakhe uAmanda zange ayithande into yokuba unebala elimnyama, uthi kuba iTV ibhiyozelwa ngokukhanya kwesikhumba kwaye wayeziva ngathi akalunganga kuba unebala elimnyama. Waqala ukufunda ngeengcambu zakhe njengenkosikazi yomXhosa, imbali nemvelaphi yakhe. Ukwenza oku kwamnceda waqonda ukuba ungubani kwaza kwamnceda ukuba azithande njengebhinqa laseAfrika. Oku kwaba nefuthe kwisigqibo sakhe sokuqalisa ukupeyinta ubuso bakhe ngobugcisa besizwe, indlela abhala ngayo, umculo awenza kunye namabali awabalisa ngonyana. UAmanda waqala ukwamkela into ayiyo emva kokufunda incwadi kaSteve Biko ethi Black Consciousness.
Icwecwe lesithathu lestudiyo lika-Amanda, uMnyama lakhululwa ngo-2021. Yandulelwa ngabantu abangatshatanga ababini; "Thu Na" kunye "Let It Go".