cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Sangoma, Limpopo
Sangoma ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Tzaneen Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Lenyenye
Lenyenye ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Tzaneen Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Gert Sibande District Municipality
Gert Sibande ke Masepala Setereke wanala province Mpumalanga kamoka Afurika Tshipembe.
Ga-Riba
Ga-Riba ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Fetakgomo Tubatse Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Olifantshoek, Limpopo
Dorobo dza tsini ndi Polokwane, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 5.976 (2011).
Mariveni
Mariveni ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Tzaneen Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Mandlhakazi
Mandlhakazi ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Tzaneen Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Vhembe District Municipality
Vhembe ke Masepala Setereke wanala province Limpopo kamoka Afurika Tshipembe.
Mavele
Mavele ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Tzaneen Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Makhado Local Municipality
Makhado Local Municipality eLocal Municipality wa Vhembe District Municipality wanala porofense Limpopo ka Afurika Tshipembe.
Murundu
Murundu ndi ngoma i no tshinwa nga vha mbehu ya tshinnani. Ngoma iyi i na madzina o fhambananaho zwi tshi ya nga u fhambana ha vhupo. Kha manwe masia ngoma iyi i vhidzwa murundu, hunwe hogo kana mula. Fhedzi u fhambana ha madzina a zwi iti uri hu fhambane maitele a ngomani iyi. Musi murundu usa athu u ima u vhigwa musanda. Shuvhuru la u thoma u wela mulani ndi nwana a bvaho mutani wa Maine wa mula uyo. Ngoma iyi a i dzhenelwi nga Vhakololo sa izwi Lushaka lwa vhaVenḓa lu tshi dzhia ngoma iyi sa i sili. Heyi ngoma hu pfala uri yo da na Vhalemba kana Vhashavhi u bva ngei kha la Isiraele. VhaVenḓa vhone vho edza Vhashavhi musi vha tshi di dzhenisa kha u ruba sa izwi vho vhona zwi vhuya zwa ngoma iyi. Murundu hu tendwa upfi u lugisela vhathannga u vha vhanna vha re na vhudifhinduleli na hone i dovha ya thivhela malwadze a diswaho nga zwa vhudzekani.
Ngoma iyi i ima vhuria na hone dakani kule na hune ha dzula vhathu. Murundu u ima vhuria hu tshi itelwa uri mashuvhuru a tavhanye a luge sa izwi mulani hu sa dzheni mushonga. Murangaphanda wa murundu ndi maine. Maine ndi ene a no imisa na u dzivhela (mula) murundu nga phamba uri hu si vhe na zwi dinaho u swikela murundu u tshi swa. Mashuvhuru vha no tshina ngoma iyi ndi vhatukana vha u bva kha minwaha ya sumbe na u fhira. Minwahani ya kale nga tshifhinga tsha vho makhulukuku, ngoma iyi yo vha itshi ima lwa minwedzi ya rathi. Tshifhingani itsho vhadabe vho vha vha tshi zwima phukha uri huliwe. Nama yo vha itshi liwa nga mashuvhuru musi mula wo no fhindulela.
Nga mulandu wa tshanduko dzo daho na pfunzo, mula u vho ima nwedzi muthihi wa fulwi musi zwikolo zwo vala. Zwiliwa zwi no liwa mulani zwi pfi Tshivhonelo. Tshivhonelo tsha zwihotola na vhalidi, vhadabe na mashuvhuru zwi bikwa mankhoni nga dzikhomba. Mashuvhuru vha ne vha vha vho shavhela mulani kana vha ne vha si vhe na mudabe vha la gavhelo. Tshivhonelo tshi hwalwa nga vhasidzana vha ne vha vha vho tiwa mutani ho sedzwa uri a vha athu u thoma zwa vhudzekani. Tshivhonelo tshi tanganedzwa dzikhareni nga vhadabe vhane vha da vha tshi khou imba hogo.
Hogo i sinwa hu tshi khou fhindulwa vhasidzana musi vha tshivhidzelela nga luimbo lune lwa ri “Ri ala, ri ala”. Musi vhasidzana vha tshivhonelo vha tshi pfa hogo yo tangana, vha a khotha nga murahu ha dzikhare. Dzindilo dza tshivhonelo dzi a bviswa mifaroni dza vhewa phanda ha dzikhare u livhana na muthu onoyo o disaho tshivhonelo. Vhadabe vha swika vha hwala dzindilo dza tshivhonelo u bva fhala phanda ha muthu o disaho. Vhasidzana vha khotha u swikela tshivhonelo tshothe tsho no dzhiwa. Musi hogo yo no rembuluwa u humela mishashani hune ya bva, vhasidzana vha a vuwa vha doba mifaro yavho vha humela murahu mankhoni.
Musi mula wo no fhindulela, vhasidzana vha tshivhonelo vha tshi swika dzikhareni, vha divhadza vhadabe nga u vhidzelela daganana (daganana, daganana i da u dzhie tshivhonelo tshau). Daganana li a fhindula la ranga hogo phanda uya u dzhia tshivhonelo ngei dzikhareni.
Mula u pfi wo fhindulela musi dzikhare dzo ambadzwaho kha thanda dzo no dadza. U fhindulela u hu ndi muvhigo kha vhabebi wa uri vha di lugise sa izwi murundu u tsini na u swa. Ndi mulaedza wa u tsivhudza vha ne vha nga vha vha tshi kha di tama u wedza vhana uri mula u tsini na uswa. Hafhu, shuvhuru line la nga wela nga murahu ha u fhindulela li pfi lo dubunya. U dubunya zwi a ambelwa na kha muthu o thomaho a ya sibadela a tou uya mulani u wana mulayo. Fhedzi ha u dubunya zwi tshi amba u bva kha vhutukana u tshi dzhena vhannani.
Duvha line murundu ha pfi wo fhindulela, hu vha na vhutambo ho fhambananaho sa madaganana, mipengo na zwinwevho. Nga duvha ili vhasidzana vho disaho tshivhonelo, vho shavhedzaho nga mashedo, vha a khotha musi daganana na mipengo zwi tshi khou pembela. A fha kha vhutambo uhu na vhafumakadzi vhahulwane vha a da u vhona daganana.
Mipengo yone i a rwa arali kha gogo lo daho u talela vhutambo uhu ha vha na munwe o imaho ndilani ya hune mupengo a khou gidima. Vhasidzana vha tshivhonelo vhone a vha tendelwi u vusa thoho musi vhutambo uhu vhu tshi khou bvela phanda. Ane a pfuka ndaela iyi u a rwiwa nga mugwabere. Heli duvha li tendela vho na mashuvhuru vho no lugaho u ya dzikhareni u dzhia tshivhonelo. Nga u ralo, vho mme vhane vha vha hone vhutamboni uhu vha a kona u vhona vhana vha vho vha ne vha khou ruba.
Ngomu mulani nga vhusiku ha musi u tshi fhindulela, hu imiswa mulagalu wo vhoxwa tshikumba tshitshena tsha mbudzi ntha thodzini. Mulagalu uyu hu vha hu danda la muri mulapfu une wa renwa nga fhasi tsindeni. Muri uyu u a bviswa makwati wa sala u mutshena. Hoyu mulagalu u imiswa vhusiku musi mashuvhuru vhothe vhono edela. Musi vhahulwane vha mula vho fhedza u gwela mulagalu, mashuvhuru o the a a vusiwa ha pfi a de a vhone makhulu vha ndebvu dza tshikumba.
Mashuvhuru vha tsivhudzwa uri vha humbele tshine vha toda kha makhulu nga murahu ha u luvha kana u losha. Musi u luvha na u losha zwi tshi khou bvela phanda, muthu o nangwaho u a kwambatela mulagalu a ya ntha thodzini a fara tshikumba tshila tsho itwaho ndebvu. U luvha na u losha zwo no fhela hu a imbelwa ho takalelwa uri makhulu vho da.
Mariron
Mariron ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Tzaneen Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Murundu
Musi ngoma iyi i tshi swa, hu vha na mitambo i ngaho, madaganana, mipengo na zwinwevho. Vhathu vhane vha vha vha tshi khou fumba ngomani iyi vha vhidzwa mashuvhuru huno vhalidi kana vhathu vhane vha vha thogomela vha tshi vhidzwa vhadabe. Kha vha vha vhoni vha vhalidi, hu na Tshihotola, Mudabe muhulwane na vhanwe vhadabe. Tshihotola hu nga vha mukalaha a ne a vhona zwothe zwine zwa vha zwi tshi khou itea zwi tshikwama vhalidi na vhadabe vhavho. Hu dovha hafhu ha vha na mudabe muhulwane. Mudabe muhulwane u shuma sa tshanda tsha tshihotola. Tshihotola na mulidi vhone a vha tsha bvula kana u laya mulani. Vhathu avha a vha tsha vuwa nga matsheloni vha ya u tamba kana u dzhia tshivhonelo.
Thalutshedzo dza maipfi
Levubu
Levubu ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Makhado Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Mahale
Mahale ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Murundu
• Maine – Mune wa mula
Ben Farm
Ben Farm ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Murundu
• Shuvhuru – Muthu a songo yaho mulani kana muthu a songo fumbaho
Mafarana
Mafarana ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Tzaneen Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Murundu
• Mulidi na Tshihotola – ndi vhathu vhahulwane mulani vhane vha sedza zwothe zwi kwamaho zwiilaila na maitele a mulani.
Levubu
Dorobo dza tsini ndi Polokwane, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 207 (2011).
Murundu
• Mudabe – Mudabe ndi muthu a ne a vhona vhalidi na u vhona uri thaidzo dzavho dzothe dzo tandululwa. Muthu uyu u shuma sa tshanda tsha tshihotola.
• Tshivhonelo – Ndi zwiliwa zwi liwaho mulani
• Dzikhareni – A fha ndi hune tshivhonelo tsha dzhiwa hone nga vhadabe u bva kha vhasidzana vha thungamamu
• Mufarambudzi – Ndi shuvhuru lo welaho mulani u thoma. Shuvhuru i li li langula mashuvhuru dangani uri vha si ite zwine zwa nga vha khombo kha vho.
• Danga – Hune mashuvhuru vha dzula hone vha tshi khou guda milayo.
• Mulagalu – muri wo renwaho nga fhasi kha tsinde wa bviswa makwati wa bwelwa khoroni ya mula. Mashuvhuru vha a gonya mulagalu u sumbedza uri vho no luga.
Valdezia
Valdezia ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Makhado Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
GaRadingwana
GaRadingwana ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Fetakgomo Tubatse Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Motheo District Municipality
Motheo dovha ya vha dzina District Municipality wanala province Free State kamoka Afurika Tshipembe.
Valdezia
Dorobo dza tsini ndi Polokwane, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 7.516 (2011).
Fezile Dabi District Municipality
Fezile Dabi i dovha ya vha dzina District Municipality wanala province Free State kamoka Afurika Tshipembe.
Vuwani
Vuwani ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Collins Chabane Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Dorobo dza tsini ndi Polokwane, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 2.791 (2011).
Honingfontein
Honingfontein ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Makhado Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Sedibeng District Municipality
Sedibeng ke Masepala Setereke wanala province Gauteng kamoka Afurika Tshipembe.
Honingfontein
Dorobo dza tsini ndi Polokwane, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 1.056 (2011).
Lejweleputswa District Municipality
Lejweleputswa i dovha ya vha dzina District Municipality wanala province Free State kamoka Afurika Tshipembe.
Laatsgevonden
Laatsgevonden ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Makhado Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Humulani
Humulani ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Laatsgevonden
Dorobo dza tsini ndi Polokwane, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 1.228 (2011).
Priska-Majeje
Priska-Majeje ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Nondweni
Nondweni ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Thulamela Local Municipality
Thulamela Local Municipality eLocal Municipality wa Vhembe District Municipality wanala porofense Limpopo ka Afurika Tshipembe.
Ga-Mashishimale
Ga-Mashishimale ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Lulekani
Lulekani ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Waterval, Limpopo
Waterval ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Makhado Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Dorobo dza tsini ndi Polokwane, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 1.228 (2011).
GaMaisela
GaMaisela ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Fetakgomo Tubatse Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Namakgale
Namakgale ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Folovhodwe
Folovhodwe ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Musina Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Dorobo dza tsini ndi Polokwane, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 2.806 (2011).
Bogalatladi
Bogalatladi ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Fetakgomo Tubatse Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Ga-Makhushane
Ga-Makhushane ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Corona virus
corona virus ndi vhulwadze ho tumbuliwaho nga nwaha wagidi mbili fumitahe.Uvhu vhulwadze ho mangadza lushaka.Ho valisa zwikolo,dzigerekhe na zwińwe. Uvhu vhulwadze vhu fhirela nga u hotola kana nga u fara he muthu o kavhiwaho a fara.
Thabo Mofutsanyana District Municipality
Thabo Mofutsanyana i dovha ya vha dzina District Municipality wanala province Free State kamoka Afurika Tshipembe.
Corona virus
Ndila dza uvhu thivhela ndi dzi tevhelaho
1.u ambara tshikelekete.
2.u tamba zwanda tshifhinga tshothe.
3.u sia tshi khala tshi swikaho mithara mbili.
4.usa sendela tsini na muthu o kavhiwaho.
Ndo livhuwa
Maseke
Maseke ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Vuyelani
Vuyelani ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Ha-Makuya
Ha-Makuya ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Musina Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Dorobo dza tsini ndi Polokwane, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 1.179 (2011).
Mashung
Mashung ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Fetakgomo Tubatse Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Mabvete
Mabvete ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Musina Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Makavhini
Dorobo dza tsini ndi Polokwane, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 709 (2011).
Mabvete
Dorobo dza tsini ndi Polokwane, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 1.260 (2011).
GaNkoana
GaNkoana ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Fetakgomo Tubatse Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Eswatini
Musanda wa Swazini ndi Mbabane. Henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 1.172.000 (2021).
Klipkraal
Klipkraal ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Edirne
Эдырне inh:Edirne
Manotwang
Manotwang ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Fetakgomo Tubatse Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Mashabela
Mashabela ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Fetakgomo Tubatse Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
GaRamaroka
GaRamaroka ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
KaDzumeri
Dzumeri is a traditional community near Giyani, Limpopo, South Africa.
The Dzumeri area consist 18 villages comprising 24 headmen/headwomen who account to Chief / Hosi Dzumeri.
Vhathu
Vhunzhi ha vhathu vha no dzula KaDzumeri vha amba thsi-Tsonga kana tshithsangana.
Dorobo dza tsini ndi Thohoyandou na Tzaneen.
Maroteng
Maroteng ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Fetakgomo Tubatse Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Ditshoseng
Ditshoseng ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Ga-Femane
Ga-Femane ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
GaMaphale
GaMaphale ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
GaNtata
GaNtata ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
H-Magau
Ha-Magau is an South African Aspiring Village Located in Sinthumule Kutama, outside Makhado Louis Trichardt in Limpopo, the Village is Led by Honourable Chief Ndwakhulu Sinthumule who succeeded the Late Chief Wilson Sinthumule.
KaGaula
KaGaula ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Giyani Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
H-Magau
The Village has different amenities to serves and please its Community, the amenities located in Ha-Magau includes and not limited to Magau Primary School, Sinugani Secondary School, Rampiet Studios and "Sia Wo Adza Community Ground".
Ha-Magau is splitted in 4 Parts namely Faranani, Zumbathoho, Mandela and Zuma.The village is also known for grooming various role players within various industries in South Africa and Abroad, Millicent Makhado also known by her role on Muvhango where she potrayed as Agnes Mukwevho.
Mashilabela
Mashilabela ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Fetakgomo Tubatse Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Shakadza
Shakadza ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Musina Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
KaGaula
Vhathu
Dorobo dza tsini ndi Thohoyandou na Tzaneen.
Shakadza
Dorobo dza tsini ndi Polokwane, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 1.719 (2011).
Mahembeni
Mahembeni ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Ghandlanani
Ghandlanani ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Giyani Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Vhathu
Vhunzhi ha vhathu vha no dzula Ghandlanani vha amba thsi-Tsonga kana tshithsangana.
Dorobo dza tsini ndi Thohoyandou na Tzaneen.
Tshiungani
Tshiungani ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Musina Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
KaDizingidzingi
KaDizingidzingi ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Giyani Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Vhathu
Vhunzhi ha vhathu vha no dzula KaDizingidzingi vha amba thsi-Tsonga kana tshithsangana.
Dorobo dza tsini ndi Thohoyandou na Tzaneen.
Tshiungani
Dorobo dza tsini ndi Polokwane, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 1.138 (2011).
Fetakgomo Tubatse Local Municipality
Fetakgomo Tubatse Local Municipality eLocal Municipality wa Sekhukhune District Municipality wanala porofense Limpopo ka Afurika Tshipembe.
Capital town wa Fetakgomo Tubatse ke Burgersfort.
Ephraim Mogale Local Municipality
Ephraim Mogale Local Municipality eLocal Municipality wa Sekhukhune District Municipality wanala porofense Limpopo ka Afurika Tshipembe.
Capital town wa Ephraim Mogale ke Marble Hall.
Makhuduthamaga Local Municipality
Makhuduthamaga Local Municipality eLocal Municipality wa Sekhukhune District Municipality wanala porofense Limpopo ka Afurika Tshipembe.
Capital town wa Makhuduthamaga ke Jane Furse.
Makgakgapatse
Makgakgapatse ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Dikgalaopeng
Dikgalaopeng ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Elias Motsoaledi Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 1.541 (2011).
Ka-Matiani
Ka-Matiani ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Thulamela Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Dorobo dza tsini ndi Polokwane, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 3.073 (2011).
Marotholong
Marotholong ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
KaNhlaneki
KaNhlaneki ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Giyani Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Makgakabeng
Makgakabeng ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Lemondokop
Lemondokop ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
KaNhlaneki
Vhathu
Vhunzhi ha vhathu vha no dzula KaNhlaneki vha amba thsi-Tsonga kana tshithsangana.
Dorobo dza tsini ndi Thohoyandou na Tzaneen.
Maraka
Maraka ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Mantsha
Mantsha ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Bale
Bale ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Musina Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Dorobo dza etlhelo ka Nambu wa Limpopo, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 985 (2011).
Elias Motsoaledi Local Municipality
Elias Motsoaledi Local Municipality eLocal Municipality wa Sekhukhune District Municipality wanala porofense Limpopo ka Afurika Tshipembe.
Capital town wa Elias Motsoaledi ke Groblersdal.
Five Morgan
Five Morgan ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Elias Motsoaledi Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 687 (2011).
Ditshego
Ditshego ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Elias Motsoaledi Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 1.200 (2011).
Lebaka
Lebaka ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Dithabaneng
Dithabaneng ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Elias Motsoaledi Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 89 (2011).
Blinkwater, Limpopo
Blinkwater, Limpopo ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Giyani Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Vhathu
Vhunzhi ha vhathu vha no dzula Blinkwater vha amba thsi-Tsonga kana tshithsangana.
Dorobo dza tsini ndi Thohoyandou na Tzaneen.
Mathipane
Mathipane ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Medingeng
Medingeng ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Matshwi
Matshwi ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Matshoboko
Matshoboko ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Hlopekani
Hlopekani ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Giyani Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Vhathu
Vhunzhi ha vhathu vha no dzula Hlopekani vha amba thsi-Tsonga kana tshithsangana.
Dorobo dza tsini ndi Thohoyandou na Tzaneen.
Hlogotlou
Hlogotlou ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Elias Motsoaledi Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 2.177 (2011).
GaPamadi
GaPamadi ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Elias Motsoaledi Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 2.488 (2011).
Senwamokgope
Senwamokgope ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Mokwasele
Mokwasele ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Mokgoba
Mokgoba ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Sephatwene
Sephatwene ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Nakampe
Nakampe ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Maekgwe
Maekgwe ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Charlotte Maxeke
Vho Charlotte Makgomo (née Mannya) Maxeke (07 Lambamai 1871 – 16 Tshimedzi 1939) vho vha vhe murangaphanda wa zwa vhurereli vha dovha vha vha mulweli wa tshumelo dza tshitshavha na politiki, kha la Afurika Tshipembe; ndi vhone muthu wa tshifumakadzi wa murema wa u thoma u telwa digirii kha la Afurika Tshipembe nga B.sc ubva yunivesithi ya Wilberforce Ohio nga nwaha wa 1903, vha dovha hafhu vha vha mufumakadzi wa murema wa u thoma u telwa digirii kha inwe ya dzi yunivesithi kha la Amerika.
Kualutshele
Vho Charlotte Makgomo (née Mannya) Maxeke vho bebelwa Fort Beaufort, Eastern Cape nga la 07 April 1871. Vho vha vhe nwananyana wa vho John Kgope Mannya, murwa wa murangaphanda wa vhathu vha Batlokwa, vho Modidima Mannya, fhasi ha ndango ya nduna vho Mamafa Ramokgopa na vho Anna Manci, Xhosa woman (mufamakadzi wa muxhosa) ubva Fort Beaufort. Khotsi a vho Mannya vho vha vhe mulanguli wa dzibada vha dovha vha vha murereli wa Presbytery, mme avho vho vha vhe mudededzi. Mannya's grandfather served as a key adviser to the King of the Basutos. Soon after her birth, Mannya's family moved to Fort Beaufort, where her father had gained employment at a road construction company. Details about Mannya's siblings are unclear, however, she had a sister known as Katie, who was born in Fort Beaufort. Mannya's date of birth is in dispute, with possible dates ranging from 1871, 1872 to 1874. The Minister of Home Affairs of South Africa, Naledi Pandor, took special interest in this detail of Charlotte Maxeke's life, however, no records were found. The date in 1871 is also often accepted as it does not conflict with the age of her younger sister Katie who was born in 1873.
Keerom
Keerom ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Elias Motsoaledi Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 2.657 (2011).
Klipbank
Klipbank ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Elias Motsoaledi Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 1.618 (2011).
Kikvorschfontein
Kikvorschfontein ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Elias Motsoaledi Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 5.518 (2011).
Frisgewaght, Elias Motsoaledi
Frisgewaght ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Elias Motsoaledi Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 5.941 (2011).
Mojeketla
Mojeketla ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Luckau
Luckau ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Elias Motsoaledi Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 6.850 (2011).
Sephukubje
Sephukubje ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Dindela
Dindela ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Elias Motsoaledi Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 2.134 (2011).
Thakgalane
Thakgalane ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Jerusalem, Sekhukhune
Jerusalem ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Elias Motsoaledi Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 3.115 (2011).
Joppie
Joppie ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Tzaneen Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Tshamahansi
Tshamahansi ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Jokong
Jokong ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Tzaneen Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Khujwana
Khujwana ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Tzaneen Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Kgobokwane
Kgobokwane ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Elias Motsoaledi Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 9.030 (2011).
Lehwelere
Lehwelere ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Elias Motsoaledi Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 2.408 (2011).
Shotong
Shotong ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Greater Letaba Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe.
Legolaneng
Legolaneng ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Elias Motsoaledi Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 1.760 (2011).
Monsterlus
Monsterlus ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Elias Motsoaledi Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 7.631 (2011).
Laersdrif
Laersdrif ndi ḓorobo ino wanala Elias Motsoaledi Local Municipality, Limpopo kha la Afurika Tshipembe, henefha hu na vhadzulapo vha 2.218 (2011).
Vhulwadze Ha Coronavirus 2019
Vhulwadze ha Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ndi vhulwadze hune ha pfukela musi muthu a re na tshi tzhili tsha uvhu vhulwadze o shata vhanwe vhathu. Tshi tzhili itshi tshi pfukiselwa kha vhanwe vhathu musi ho vha na u kwamana vhukati ha muthu a si na tsho na muthu a re na tsho, ngau kwama fhethu ho kwamiwaho nga tshi tzhili muthu ari u fhedza u ralo a fara maṱo, ningo kana mulomo. Tshi tzhili itshi tshi andadziwa nga mare a ne a wa musi muthu a ne a vha na tsho o hoṱola kana o hatsamula.
Vhubvo
Vhulwadze uvhu ho tumbulwa lwa u tou thoma Wuhan, dorobo khulwane ya vundu Ḽa Hubei ngei China mafheloni a nwaha wa 2019. Ubva tshe vhulwadze uvhu ha tumbulwa, vhu khou phadalala na dzhango loṱhe. Nga dzi 11 Ṱhafamuhwe 2020, vha World Health Organisation vho mbo di vhu khwathusedza sa pandemic. Pandemic ndi vhulwadze vhune ha phadalala ha swika kha mashango manzhi a lifhasi kana lifhasi nga vhuphara. Mashango oṱhe e a kwamiwa nga itshi tshi tzhili nga maanda o vhona u lovha ha vhathu nga vhunzhi. Vho Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, vhane vha vha Mulanguli Zwothe wa World Health Organisation, vho amba vhari, "Hezwi a zwi tou vha khaedu kha vha mutakalo fhedzi, ndi khaedu na kha mihasho yothe uya ngau fhambana, nahone vhathu vhothe vha khou teya u di dzhenisa kha nndwa iyi ya ulwa na uvhu vhulwadze".
Muthu munwe na munwe a ne a vha e tsini nga tshi khala tshine tsha vha fhasi ha mithara mivhili ha muthu a ne a khou hoṱola kana u hatsamula a na itshi tshi tzhili u a kona u tshi wana. Na muthu a ne a fara fhethu afha he ha weliwa nga mare o bvaho kha tshihoṱolo kana tshi hatsamulo itshi u ya kona u wana itshi tshi tzhili. Muthu u ya kona u kavhiwa nga itshi tshi tzhili musi o fara fhethu ho kavhiwaho a fhedza a fara maṱo, ningo kana mulomo a songo thoma a ṱamba.
Tsumba dwadze na dzilafho
Arali muthu o kavhiwa nga u vhu vhulwadze, tsumba dwadze dzi thoma u vhonala nga murahu ha maduvha ma vhili uswika kha maduvha a fumiina, fhedzi fhathu vhanzhi vha a thoma u sumbedza idzi tsumba dzwadze nga murahu ha maduvha maṱanu. Vhathu vhanzhi vha do sumbedza tsumba dwadze ṱhukhu ṱhukhu. Ngeno mbalo ṱhukhu ine ya dovha kha tshi imo tsha shishi i tshi ngavha na u balelwa ha zwipida zwa muvhili zwa ngangomu lune vha toda u gidimiselwa sibadela lufherani lwa shishi.
Arali ndingo dza muthu dza vhuya dzi kho sumbedza o farwa nga tshi tzhili, u do iswa sibadela huna a do fhambanywa na vhathu vha sina tsho. Sa izwi hu sina mushonga wau lafha itshi tshi tzhili, vhathu vhanzhi vha do kunda uvhu vhulwadze arali vha wana tshumelo yone ya mutakalo.
Muthu uya kona u kavhiwa nga itshi tshi tzhili fhedzi a si vhe na tsumba dwadze na nthihi. Izwi zwi vhidzwa upfi asymptomatic. Fhedzi, naho uyu muthu asina tsumba dwadze, uya kona u fhirisela itshi tshi tzhili kha vhanwe. Zwine zwavha zwinwe zwa zwithu zwino ita uri uvhu vhulwadze vhu phadalale nga luvhilo lu hulwane.
U thivhela
U phadalala ha vhulwadze vho thivhelwa nga u imela kule na vhanwe vhathu na u sa di wana u fhethu hure na vhathu vhanzhi. Hezwi zwi divhwa nga upfi social distancing. Hune zwa konda usa vha tsini na vhathu, hu tutwedzwa u shumisa labi lino vala khofheni kha nimgo na mulomo (kana muthu a hotola na u hatsamulela kha tissue na ngamu ha tshikudavhavha) na u ambara maglafu. Nga ntha ha hezwo, vhathu vha teya u tamba zwanda tshifhanga tshothe nga tshisibe kana vha shumise tshivhulahazwitzhili tsha zwanda tshi re na alikhoholo lwa mithethe ya fumbili. Tshau fhedzisela vhathu vha eletshedzwa u sa di fara khofheni vha songo tamba zwanda.
Vhubvo
U itela u fhungudza u andadzea ha itshi tshi tzhili, shango loṱhe lo swika kha tshiimo tshine tsha pfi Lockdown, zwi tshi amba uri vhathu vhothe vha khou teya udzula mahayani vha si ye mishumoni na zwikoloni lwa maduvha a fumbilinthihi. Nga dzi 30 Ṱhafamuhwe 2020, Muphuresidende wa shango Vho Cyril Ramaphosa vho khwaṱhisedza zwa uri ho humbeliwa vha shumeli vha zwa mutakalo vhane vha swika zwigidi zwa fumi uri vhaye midini vha tshi linga vhathu hu u itela u fhungudza mbalo ya vhathu vhane vha kavhiwa nga itshi tshi tzhili.
Nga dzi 02 Lambamai 2020, Afrika Tshipembe hovha na vhathu vha 1462 vhe vha lingiwa vha wanala vha na tshi tzhili tsha corona. Ha dovha ha vha na vhathu vhaṱanu vhe vha lovha nga mulandu wa uvhu vhulwazde vhu no vhangiwa nga itshi tshi tzhili tsha corona. Fhedzi ho vha na vhathu vha furaru nthihi (31) vhe vha fhola. Vha Muhasho wa Mutakalo wa shango, (National Department of Health), vho amba zwa uri huna khonadzeo ya uri hetshi tshi tzhili tshi fare vhathu vhane vha anganyelwa phesenthe dza furathi Afrika Tshipembe, naho husi nga khathihi.
Tshiwo tsha lushaka
Tshiwo tsha lushaka (pandemic, u bva kha Tshigiriki pan, ‘zwothe’ na demos, ‘vhathu’) hu tou vha u bvelela ha vhulwadze ha pfuko hune ho “swika” kha mashango a fhiraho lithihi. Luvhilo lune vhulwadze ha phadalala ngawo kha vhathu kana kha vundu nga tshifhinga tshituku zwi vhidzwa upfi tshiwo tsha vundu (Ephidemiki). vhulwadze vhu phadalalaho nga mbalo i divheyaho ya vhathu vho kavhiwaho ndi “endemiki”, hu si phandemiki. U phadalala ha vhulwadze ha pfuko nga nomboro nkene sa duda la no vha hone nga u shanduka ha khalanwaha zwi anzelwa u thudzelwa kule sa izwi u tshi vha hone kha mavundu a tshi vhalo nga u tevhekana.
Thalutshedzo na zwitenwa
Tshiwo tsha lushaka ndi tshiwo tsha vundu(ephidemiki) tshi velelaho nga ndila ine ya pfukhela na mashango a nnda. Vhulwadze kana tshiimo tsha vhulwadze asi tshiwo tsha lushaka nga nthani ha u phadalala kana nga mabulayo o vhangwaho nga vhulwadze uvhu; vhu tea u vha vhulwadze hu pfukhelaho. Sa tsumbo, khentsa ndi vhulwadze ho dzhiaho malwadze a vhathu vhanzhi fhedzi a si tshiwo tsha lushaka nga uri asi vhulwadze vhu pfukhelaho.
U langa
Huna maga manzhi ane muvhuso unga ita u langa tshiwo tsha lushaka. Nga nwaha wa 2005 vha World Health Organisation vho do shumisana na vha International Health Regulation sa vho ramilayo vha no shumana na u thivhela, u langa na u thogomela khombo kha mutakalo wa vhadzulapo ine inga phadalala nga mashango. hafhu, vha World Health Organisation vho da na kushumele ku sedzana na tshiwo tsha lushaka tshi daho nga duda. Manyuwala wo bveledzwa lwa u tou thoma nga nwaha wa 1999 wa sedzuluswa wa lugiswa fhala na fhala nga nwaha wa 2005 na 2009. [vii] Maga o shumiswaho ulwa na tshiwo tsha lushaka Covid-19 o wanala kha vha International Health Regulations 2005 na kha World Health Organisation kha gaidilani ya u di lugisa ulwa na duda la tshiwo tsha lushaka.
Hovha na u saukanya hu lapfu kha 3T's (u linga, u alafha, u tola) zwine zwa tendela mashango uri a kone u wanulusa kana u divha mivhigo nga tshihadu hu saathu swika tshifhinga tsha u di fhandekana na u onga. Maitele aya a katela u toda vhathu vhothe vhe vha vha na vhukwamani na muthu o kavhiwaho, vha vha fhandekana na lushaka. Maitele haya o sumbedza u fhulufhedzea zwi tshi bva kha u shumiswa fhethu ho nonga South Korea na Singapore, fhedzi haya mashango o sumbedzisa u vha a khwine kha u di lugisela nga murahu ha u lwa na SARS.
Thalutshedzo na zwitenwa
Luvhilo lwa u pfukhelana ha tshiwo tsha vundu(zwi fhedzaho zwi tshi vha tshiwo tsha lushaka ) zwi tevhedzela khebve ingaho bele I tshi oliwa kha girafu I sumbedzaho nombor ya vhathu vho kavhiwaho zwi tshi badekanwa na tshifhinga. Khebve ya tshiwo tsha lushaka asi tshifhinga tshothe ya tevhedzela khebve yo doweleaho musi tshiwo tsha vundu tshi tshi phadalala. Vhulwadze ha pfuko vhu phadalala nga zwitenwa zwiraru zwo sumbedzwaho kha girafu I tevhelaho.
U langa
U di fhandekana na tshi tshavha, nga u sa di badekana na vhathu, ndi maitele a shumiswaho nga vha zwa mutakalo zwi tshi itelwa u fhungudza u pfukhelalana ha vhulwadze nga u thivhela vhathu vha sa kwamane na vhanwe u fhungudza u pfukhiselana ha vhulwadze. Mudzula tshidulo muhulwane vho Dr Michael J Ryan vha u bva kha World Health Organisation vhari, kha u tsivhudza lushaka nga Thafamuhwe 2019 vhari “u di fhandekana na lushaka ndi maga a tshifhinga tshituku u fhungudza u phadalala ha tshitzhili, fhedzi asi u fhelisa tshitzhili. Zwi a vhidza, na hafhu zwi tea u tanganya na manwe maga u tandulula thaidzo.” Vho Dr Ryan vho khwathisedza uri u di fhandekana a zwi nga fhedzi vhulwadze.
Dali
Vhulwadze ha dali ho vha hu vhulwadze ho doweleaho Europe na North America, lune zwino a u tsha wanalea. Vhulwadze vha dali u ngavha wo dzhenisa tshanda kha u wisa Roman Empire. Vhulwadze uvhu vho swika hune ha divhea sa “duda la Rome”. Plasmodium falciparum wo vha khombo kha vha kholonisi na vhathu vha kale u fana na musi u tshi divhazwa America khathihi na u renga dziphuli.
HIV/AIDS
Naho vha WHO vho shumisa ipfi ‘tshiwo tsha lifhasi’ u talusa HIV, ndi tshiwo tsha lushaka ri tshi lavhelesa thalutshedzo. U bva nga 2018, mbalo ya vho kavhiwaho nga tshitzhili tsha HIV lifhasi nga vhuphara I hanefho kha 37,9 million. Ha lovha vhathu vha linganaho 770,000 vho vhulawa nga AIDS nga 2018. Sub-saharan Africa ndi shango lo kwameaho nga maanda. Nga 2018, nga u tou humbulela 61% ya vhathu vhaswa vho kavhiwaho nga HIV ndi vha shango lo bulwaho
Fuluu ya Sipeini
Fuluu ya Sipeini (1918-1920) yo kavha vhathu vha 500 million u mona na lifhasi. zwi tshikatela na vhathu vhare kha zwi tangadzime na kha Arctic, ya vhulaya vhathu vha 20 u swika kha 100 million. Malwadze manzhi a duda a vha khombo kha vhana vhatuku na vha aluwa vhahulwane, hu tshi tshila vhare kha minwaha ya vhukati. Fhedzi fuluu ya Sipeini yo da ya vhulaesa thanga thukhu. [xxx] Fuluu ya Sipeini yo vhulaesa vhathu u fhira nndwa ya u thoma ya lifhasi ya dovha ya vhulaya vhathu vhanzhi nga dzi vhege dza 25 u fhira AIDS I tshi vhulaya vhathu kha minwaha ya u thoma ya 25. Guvhangano la masole na u tshimbila-tshimbila nga tshifhinga tsha nndwa ya u thoma ya lifhasi zwo ita uri  vhu phadalale na u shanduka nga luvhilo, na u engedza mbalo ya masole are na fuluu ya Sipeini zwo engedzezwa na nga mutsiko wa muhumbulo, u sa la zwiliwa zwa fushi na u thaselwa nga dzi khemikhali. Uvha na zwiendedzi zwo leludza u kha u phadalala ha vhulwadze.
Zwitzhili Zwa Corona
Tshitzhili tshiswa tsha corona tshe tsha thoma u wanala Wuhan, kha vundu la Hubei, China, mafheleloni a 2019 Nyendavhusiku, tsho disa mivhigo miswa ya vhulwadze ha u balelwa u fema, une wa divhea sa vhulwadze ha coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Uya nga vha Yunivesithi ya John Hopkins, mashango a swikaho 200 o kwamea nga COVID-19, na u bvelela hu shushaho ngei United states, central china, western Europe, na Iran. Nga 11 Thafamuhwe 2020, vha World Health Organisation vho divhadza u phadalala ha COVID-19 sa tshiwo tsha lushaka. U bva nga 23 Lambamai 2020, nomboro ya vhathu vho kavhiwaho nga COVID-19 yo swika kha 2.63 million lifhasi nga vhuphara, vhathu vho lovhaho vho vha 184,249 na nomboro ya vhalwadze vho fholaho ndi 722,055.
Dali
Dali ndi vhulwadze ho dalaho kha dzi rigini dza thirophikhala, zwi tshi katela na zwipida zwa America, Asia na Afurika. Nwaha munwe na munwe, hu vha na mivhigo ya dali I swikaho kha 350-500 million. U sa shuma ha mushonga zwovha thaidzo I aluwaho kha u alafha vhulwadze ha dali kha 21 sentshuari, sa izwo u sa shuma ha mushonga zwo dowelea kha u lwisana na dali, nga nndani kha artemisinins.
Viral hemorrhagic fevers
Viral hemorrhagic fevers ndi vhulwadze ha khombo vhu pfukhelaho nga luvhilo. Tsumbo dzi katela Ebola virus disease, Lassa fever, Rift valley fever, Marburg virus disease na Bolivian hemorrhagic fever. Viral hemorrhagic fevers ndi vhulwadze vhu ne vhu nga kona u vha tshiwo tsha lushaka. [xxxix] Maanda a uri vhu phadalale nga luvhilo uri vhu vhe tshiwo tsha lushaka zwo fhungudzea vhunga vhu tshi phadalala nga musi hu na u kwamana na munwe muthu lwa tsini, na muthu o kavhiwaho una tshifinga tshipfufhi tsha u lovha kana u lwala lu shushaho. Tshifhinga ndi tshipfufhi vhukati ha uri muthu o kavhiwaho uri a pfukhisele vhulwadze nga uri tsumba dwadze ndi zwone zwiitaho madoketala vha tavhanye u fhandekana muthu are na vhulwadze, zwa thivhela u pfukhisela vhulwadze hunwe.
U sa shuma ha mishonga
U sa shuma ha mushonga kanzhi vha zwi vhidza uri ndi dzi “superbugs”. Zwi a shela mulenzhe kha u vuwa ha vhulwadze vhune vha langulea zwavhudi. Sa tsumbo, mivhigo ya vhulwadze ha TB ine mushonga wa sa I lange I di dzula u vha thaidzo kha vha zwa mutakalo. U swika hanefho kha 500 000 mivhigo miswa iya vhigwa ya multidrug-resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB) u mona na lifhasi nga nwaha. China na India vha na mivhigo ya nntha ya multidrug-resistance TB. [xxxvii] Vha World Health Organisation (WHO) vha nea muvhigo wa uri kha vhathu vha 50 million lifhasi nga vhuphara vha kavhiwa nga MDR-TB, 79% ya muvhigo uyo hu tshi vha na u sa shuma ha mishonga. Nga 2005, mivhigo ya 124 ya MDR-TB yo vhigiwa America. Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) yo divhadzwa Afurika nga 2006, zwa wanuluswa uri I kha mashango a 49, zwi tshi katela na Amerika. Huna 40 000 ha mivhigo miswa ya XDR-TB nga nwaha, vha WHO vha tshi humbulela.
Kha minwaha ya 20 yo fhiraho, bakhitheria I katelaho staphylococcus aureus, serratia marcescens na Enterococcus, dzo do sa tendela mushonga I tshi shuma khayo, unga na mushonga u lwaho na dzi bakhitheria wa vancomycin, na minwe mishonga I lwaho na dzi bakhitheria ya nonga sa aminoglycosides na cephalosporins. Antibiotic resistance organisms dzo no vha dza vhuthogwa kha vha zwa healthcare-associated (nosocomial) infections (HAI). Nga u dadzisa, u kavhiwa ho vhangiwaho nga metchicillin-resitant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) kha vhathu vhare na mutakalo wa vhudi zwo no tou vha dzema kha minwaha ya zwino.
Tshitzhili tsha Zika
Athikili ya vhukuma: 2015-16 Zika virus epidemic, Zika virus and Zika fever U bvelela ha tshitzhili tsha Zika zwo thoma nga 2015 zwa hulela zwitshiya mathomoni a 2016, hu na mbalo ya u swika 1.5 million ya mivhigo yo khwathisedzwaho kha shango la America WestManga. Vha World Health Organisation vho tsivhudza nga ha Zika uri I na maanda a u vha tshiwo tsha lifhasi kharali vha balelwa u langa vhulwadze.