Gemifloksatsin
Farmakologik ta'siri
Ftorxinolonlar guruhiga mansub mikroblarga qarshi vosita, gramm-musbat, gramm-manfiy, atipik va anaerob mikroorganizmlarga nisbatan keng spektrli bakteritsid ta'sirga ega; Bakteriyalarning ko'payishi uchun zarur bo'lgan DNK giraza (topoizomeraza II) va topoizomeraza IV fermentlarini ingibitsiya qilish orqali bakterial DNKning replikatsiyasi, ta'mirlanishi va transkripsiya jarayonlarini buzadi. U bakterial topoizomerazalar II (DNK-giraza) va IV ga yuqori darajada yaqinlik darajasiga ega. DNK giraza va topoizomeraza IV genlaridagi mutatsiyalar ftorxinolonlarga chidamlilik rivojlanishining asosiy mexanizmi hisoblanadi. Ushbu fermentlarni kodlovchi genlarda mutatsiyaga ega Streptococcus pneumoniae shtammlari ko'pchilik ftorxinolonlarga chidamli. Biroq, terapevtik ahamiyatga ega konsentratsiyalarda gemifloksatsin o'zgartirilgan fermentlarni ingibitsiya qilishga qodir, shuning uchun ftorxinolonlarga chidamli Streptococcus pnevmoniya shtammlarining ba'zilari gemifloksatsinga sezgir bo'lishi mumkin. Gemifloksatsin va beta-laktam antibiotiklari, makrolidlar, aminoglikozidlar va tetratsiklinlar o'rtasida o'zaro qarshilik qayd etilmagan. Gram-musbat aerob mikroorganizmlarga qarshi faol: Streptococcus spp. : Streptococcus pneumoniae (shu jumladan.penitsillin va makrolidlarga chidamli, ofloksatsin / levofloksatsinga eng chidamli va Streptococcus pneumoniaening ko'p chidamli shtammlari, shu jumladan ikki yoki undan ortiq antibiotiklarga chidamli shtammlar: penitsillinlar, ikkinchi avlod sefalosporinlari, makrolidlar, tetratsiklinlar va ko-trimoksazolga); Streptococcus pyogenes (shu jumladan makrolidlarga chidamli), Streptococcus viridans guruhi, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus milleri, Streptococcus anginosus, Streptococcus constellatus, Streptococcus mitis ; Staphylococcus spp., shu jumladan h. Staphylococcus aureus (metitsillinga sezgir), Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Staphylococcus haemolyticus ; Enterococcus spp., shu jumladan h. Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium ; aerob Gram-manfiy mikroorganizmlar: Haemophilus spp., shu jumladan h. Haemophilus influenzae (shu jumladan. h. beta-laktamaza ishlab chiqaradi), Haemophilus parainfluenzae ; Moraxella spp., shu jumladan h. Moraxella catarrhalis (beta-laktamaza ishlab chiqaruvchi va ishlab chiqarmaydigan); Klebsiella spp., shu jumladan h. Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca ; Acinetobacter spp., shu jumladan h. Acinetobacter lwoffii, Acinetobacter anitratus, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Acinetobacter haemolyticus ; Citrobacter spp. (t. h. Citrobacter freundii, Citrobacter koseri); Enterobacter spp. (shu jumladan h. Enterobacter aerogenes); Serratia spp. (shu jumladan h. Serratia marcescens); Proteus spp. (shu jumladan h. Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris); Morganella spp. (shu jumladan h. Morganella morganii); Pseudomonas spp. (shu jumladan h. Pseudomonas aeruginosa); Bordetella spp. (shu jumladan h. Bordetella pertrussis); Salmonella spp. ; Shigella spp. ; ichak tayoqchasi ; Neisseria gonorrhoeae ; Yersinia spp. ; atipik: Coxiella spp. (shu jumladan h. Coxiella burnetii); Mycoplasma spp. (shu jumladan h. Mycoplasma pneumoniae); Legionella spp. (shu jumladan h. Legionella pneumophila); Chlamydia spp. (shu jumladan h. Chlamydia pneumoniae ; anaerob: Peptostreptococcus spp., Clostridium spp. (shu jumladan h. Clostridium perfringes), Fusobacterium spp., Porphyromonas spp., Prevotella spp.