cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Ɔtare Togo
Ɔtare Togo ( Franse kasa mu: Lac Togo) yɛ ɔtare bi a ɛso sen biara wɔ Togo, na mpoano teateaa bi na ɛtetew ne ho fi Atlantic Po no ho. Ɛyɛ beae a emu nnɔ na ɛyɛ beae a nkurɔfo ani gye ho sɛ wɔyɛ nsu so agodie (water sports). Nkurow a ɛwɔ ɔtare no mpoano no bi ne Agbodrafo ne Togoville. Mpɛn pii no, wɔde pirogue na ɛde kar fa ɔtare no so.
Ɔtare Togo Mfiase
Ɔtare Togo no bɛyɛ kilomita dunnum (15) (9.3) na ɛwɔ hɔ mi) tenten, kilomita nsia (6) (3.7) na ɛwɔ hɔ mi) ne tɛtrɛtɛ ne 64 km² wɔ ne kɛse mu. Ɛgye nsuo firi Sio Asubɔnten (Sio River) a ɛwɔ anafoɔ atɔeɛ ne nsubɔnten nketewa ahodoɔ foforɔ a ɛwɔ atɔeɛ ne apueeɛ na Haho Asubɔnten (Haho River) no firi atifi fam hyɛn mu. Anhwea a ne tɛtrɛtɛ yɛ kilomita biako (1) anaa nea ɛte saa na atew ɔtare no ne po no ntam. Nsu fi adi kɔ apuei fam fa ntrɛwmu bi a ɛte sɛ asubɔnten no mu baabi a enya nsu fi Ɔtare Vogan (Lake Vogan) a ɛbɛn hɔ a ɛyɛ ketewaa no mu, na ɛkɔ so kɔ ɔtare nhyehyɛe a ɛwɔ mpoano no mu.
Ɔkwan kɛse bi fa mpoano kɔ ɔtare no anafo fam na mpɔtam hɔ akwan twa ɔtare no ho hyia, na ɛka nkuraa nketewa no bom. Nnipa pii nni mpɔtam hɔ na nsrahwɛfo kakraa bi na ɛwɔ hɔ. Sikasɛm gyina kuayɛ ne mpataayi a ɛkɔ akyiri so, na wɔde seine asau di dwuma na wɔtɔn mpataa wɔ mpɔtam hɔ nkurow mu. Wodua akutu wɔ ɔtare no ne mpoano ntam, na akutu ne ngodua mfuw wɔ mmeae a nsuyiri ayiri wɔ ɔtare no atifi fam no.
Wuram mmoa
Ɔtare Togo, ne Ɔtare ketewa Vogan a ɛbɛn hɔ ne mpoano atare ahorow no yɛ beae a ɛho hia ma nnomaa. Nsuyiri atwa wɔn ho ahyia a sare a ɛyɛ nsuyiri a ɛtaa ba no akata so, na Phragmites ne Typha ba wɔ mmeae a ɛhɔ yɛ nsu a ɛyɛ nwini. Mangrove nni hɔ efisɛ saa atare yi nyɛ asorɔkye. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a nsuyiri nsu wɔ atare no mu no, nsu mu kabege (water cabbage - Pistia stratiotes ) a enyin ntɛmntɛm no pue.
Ɔtare, nsuten, atare ne mpoano anhwea a ɛwɔ saa beae yi ma nsu mu nnomaa ne nnomaa a wotu kɔtra mmeae foforo wɔ wɔn akwan a wɔfa so sian Afrika atɔe fam no nya mmeae a wogye wɔn ahome. Mpataa a ɛwɔ ɔtare no mu no fi po ne asubɔnten mu, na nea wɔtaa yɛ ne Tilapia ne carfish Chrysichthys. Nnomaa a wonni akyi berɛmo no bi ne gastropod molluscs Pachymelania spp. ne Tympanotonos fuscatus, ne akraman a wɔfrɛ wɔn Farfantepenaeus duorarum ne Callinectes latimanus.
Nsɛm a wɔde gyinaa so
Coordinates: <templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"> 6°15′N 1°25′E﻿ / ﻿6.25°N 1.42°E﻿ / 6.25; 1.42
Afadjato South (Ghana mmrahyɛbadwam mpɛsoa)
Afadjato South yɛ mpɛsuasoɔ no mu baako a ɛwɔ Ghana Mmarahyɛbadwam fie. Wɔtoo aba yi anamsini baako sɛ ɔkɔ si wɔn anan wɔ Mmarahyɛbadwam a odii nkonim wɔ abatoɔ no mu. Afadjato South wɔ Afadzato mansini no mu wɔ Volta Mantam a ɛwɔ Ghana. Ghana Aban Kɔmisan na ɔtee mpɛsua no wɔ mfe mpem mmienu ne dummienu (2012) no mu ɛnam Ghanaman nyina abatoɔ no.
Afadjato South mpɛsua a ɛwɔ Ghana Mmarahyɛbadwam
Ɛhyeɛ
Mpɛsua no wɔ Afadzato South Mansini a ɛwɔ Volta Mantam wɔ Ghana.
Mmarahyɛbadwafoɔ
Wɔ mfe mpem mmienu ne dummienu (2012) abatoɔ no Joseph Zaphanat Amenowode na na ɔyɛ Mmarahyɛbadwani de ma Kyinie Amanyɔkuo (NDC) no.
Mfe mpem mmienu ne dunsia (2016) abatoɔ no Angela Alorwu-Tay na na ɔyɛ Mmarahyɛbadwani de ma Kyinie Amanyɔkuo (NPP) no.
Ɔpɛnimma bosom no mu wɔ mfe mpem mmienu ne dummienu (December 2012)mu na wɔtoo aba a na adi mu wɔ Ghanaman nyinaa abatoɔ no mu. Kyinie Amanyɔkuo (NDC) no anamsini na odii nkonim a onyaa mma mpem dunwɔtwe ɔha mmienu ne aduanan num (18,245). Kyinie Amanyɔkuo (NDC) no ɛsan nyaa akonnwa no so tenaa bio wɔ mfe mpem aduonu ne dunsia (2016) Ghanaman nyina abatoɔ no mu.
Abatoɔ
Mfe mpem mmienu ne aduonu (2020) Ghanaman nyinaa abatoɔ: Afadjato South
Ɔsono Amanyɔkuo (NPP) no anamsini wɔ mmarahyɛbadwam James Etornam Flolu nso nyaa mma mpem nson ahansia ne aduoson nsia (7,676) a agyina hɔ ma ɔha nkyekyɛmu aduonu nwɔtwe akyiri pɔ dunson (28.17%).
NDP Amanyɔkuo no anamsini wɔ mmarahyɛbadwam no nyaa mma ahanu ne dunwɔtwe (218) a agyina hɔ ma ɔha nkyekyɛmu ohunu akyiri pɔ nwɔtwe (0.8%).
Mma dodoɔ: Mpem dubaako ahankron ne baako (11,901) a agyina hɔ ma ɔha nkyekyɛmu aduanan mmiɛnsa akyiri pɔ aduosia nsia (43.66%).
Nimpa dodoɔ a wɔtoo aba no: Mpem aduonu nson ahanu ne aduonum mmiɛnsa (27,253).
Nimpa dodoɔ a wɔtwerɛ wɔn din: Mpem aduasa num ahanu ne aduonu nwɔtwe (35,228).
Mpem aduonu ne dunsia (2016) Ghanaman nyinaa abatoɔ: Afadjato South
Kyinie Amanyɔkuo (NDC) no anamsini wɔ mmarahyɛbadwam Angela Oforiwa Alorwu-Tay nyaa mma mpem dunkron ahanan ne aduowɔtwe nsia (19,486) a agyina hɔ ma ɔha nkyekyɛmu aduowɔtwe mmiɛnsa akyiri pɔ aduosia nkron (83.69%).
Ɔsono Amanyɔkuo anamsini wɔ mmarahyɛbadwam Seneadza Semanu Wisdom nyaa mma mpem mmiɛnsa ɔha ne aduasa mmiɛnsa (3,133) a agyina hɔ ma ɔha nkyekyɛmu dummiɛnsa akyiri pɔ aduonan nsia (13.46%).
PPP Amanyɔkuo anamsini wɔ mmarahyɛbadwam Fia Kwesi Hanson nso nyaa mma no mu ahansia ne dummienu (612) a agyina hɔ ma ɔha nkyekyɛmu mmienu akyiri pɔ aduosia mmiɛnsa (2.63%).
CPP Amanyɔkuo no anamsini George Kofi Kotoku nyaa mma aduonum mmiɛnsa (53) a agyina hɔ ma ɔha nkyekyɛmu ohunu akyiri pɔ aduonu mmiɛnsa (0.23%).
Nimpa a ɛtoo aba no: Mpem aduonu mmiɛnsa ahanu ne aduowɔtwe nan (23,284).
Kyinie Amanyɔkuo (NDC) no anamsini wɔ mmarahyɛbadwam Joseph Zaphanat Amenowode nyaa mma mpem aduonu mmienu ne aduonu nkron (22,029) a agyina hɔ ma ɔha nkyekyɛmu aduowɔtwe nan akyiri pɔ aduasa mmiɛnsa (84.33%).
CPP Amanyɔkuo anamsini wɔ mmarahyɛbadwam Constant Yao Kumah Gidi nyaa mma ahasa ne du (310) a agyina hɔ ma ɔha nkyekyɛmu baako akyiri pɔ nkron (1.9%).
Mma dodoɔ: Mpem dunwɔtwe ahanu ne aduanan num (18,245) a agyina hɔ ma ɔha nkyekyɛmu aduosia nkron akyiri pɔ aduowɔtwe nan (69.84%).
Nimpa dodoɔ a wɔtoo aba: Mpem aduonu nsia ɔha ne aduonu mmiɛnsa (26,123).
Andrews Adjei-Yeboah
Andrews Adjei-Yeboah na ɔyɛ mmarahyɛ badwani de ma Tano South abatoɔ mpesoaso wɔ mmarahyɛbadwa a ɛtoso num(5) wɔ Adehyeman Ghana amanmuo a ɛtoso nan ( 4th Repblic of Ghana ).
Abrabɔ Ahyaaseɛ ne Adesua.
Adjei-Yeboah yɛ woo no wɔ bosome  26 Ɔbɛnem no ne da a ɛtoso aduonu nsia wɔ mfie apem aha nkron ne aduonum num no mu(26th November  1955). Ɛkuro a ofiri so ne Techimantia  a ɛwɔ Ahafo Mantam no mu wɔ Ghana. Owiee sukuu wɔ Ghana Suapɔn mu (University of Ghana) a onyaa suapɔn abɔdin krataa a ɛdi kae wɔ abɔdeɛ nyansa pɛ mu sɛ ɔpanin kɛseɛ anaa sɛ ɔhwɛfoɔ  a ɔtwerɛtwerɛ na ɔyɛ ntotoeɛ wɔ abɔdeɛ nyansa pɛ mu.(Bachelor of Science in  Administration) wɔ afe apem aha nkron ne aduowɔtwe mmienu no mu (1982).
Adwuma
Adjei-Yeboah yɛ ɔpanin a na wɔ Farest Wood Products Company Limited. adwumakuo no mu ansa na ɔbɛyɛɛ Mmarahyɛbadwani.
Adjei Yeboah dii kan yii no sɛ mmarahyɛbadwani ma Tano South abatoɔ mpɛsoaso a ɛwɔ Brong ne Ahafo mantam mu wɔ Ghana ma mmarahyɛ bagua a ɛtɔ so mmiɛnsa wɔ Ghana man a ɛtɔ so nnan no mu.
Wɔ mfie mpem mmienu (2000) mu no, Adjei-Yeboah dii nkunim wɔ Ghana amansan abatoɔ no mu sɛ mmarahyɛbadwani de ma Tano South mpesoaso a ɛwɔ Brong ne Ahafo Mantam mu wɔ Ghana. Ɔdii nkunim wɔ ɔsono amanyɔ kuo no (New Patriotic Party) no tekiti anaa sɛ tumi krataa so. Na ne mpɛsoa no ka mmarahyɛbadwa nkonwa du nan (14 ) a wɔn nyaa de firii mmarahyɛbadwam nkonwa aduonu baako (21) a ɔsono amanyɔ kuo (New Patriotic Party) dii nkonim wɔ saa abatoɔ no mu maa Brong ne Ahafo Mantam no mu. (New Patriotic Party) ɔsono amanyɔkuo no dii nkunim nyaa mma no mu dodoɔ no ara a na nyinaa yɛ mmarahyɛbaswam nkonwa no (100) de firii mmarahyɛbadwa nkonwa aha mmienu (200) wɔ mmerahyɛbadwa a ɛtoso mmiensa wɔ Adehyeman Ghana amanmuo a ɛtoso nan no mu. Wɔn de abatoɔ no mu mpem du nan ne mmiensa (14,003) a onyaa de firii mpem aduonu nan, aha nkron ne aduonu no mu a wɔn gyetomu sɛ ɛyɛ no na ɛyii  no sɛ nkunimdifoɔ wɔ abatoɔ no mu. Waei gyina hɔ ma ɔha nkyekyɛmu aduonum nson ne akyiripo mmiensa (57.3) wɔ abatoɔ no neɛ wɔn gyetomu sɛ ɛyɛ no mu.Wɔn too aba yii no sɛ nkunimdifoɔ wɔ Owura Kwadwo Owusu Agyeman a na ofiri kyenie amanyɔkuo (New Democratic Congress ) ( NDC) mu no so,Owura Yaw Amankwaa a ɔno nso firi (Convention People's Party) (CPP) amanyɔkuo no mu, John Arthur a ofiri (National Reform Party ), ne Owura Osman Asante-Bonsu a ofiri (people's National Convention ) (PNC) amanyɔkuo no mu.waei dii nkunim ne mma mpem nkron, aha nwɔtwe ne aduowɔtwe num, aha mmienu ne du, ɔha ne aduokron nwɔtwe ɛne ɔha ne aduasa nan wɔ ne kwanso de firii abatoɔ a wɔn tooeɛ no ne dodoɔ a wɔn gyetomu sɛ ɛyɛ no no mu.Na waei gyina hɔ ma ɔha nkyekyɛmu aduanan ne akyiripo num, hwee ne akyiripo nkron,hwee ne akyiripo nwɔtwe ɛne hwee ne akyiripo num wɔ ne kwanso ne kwanso wɔ a mma a wɔn gyetomu sɛ ɛyɛ no nyinaa mu.
Wɔn Danso too aba yii no sɛ mmarahyɛbadwaani wɔ Tano South mpɛsoa no so wɔ mfie mpem mmienu ne nan (2004) wɔ Ghana amansan abatoɔ no mu. Ɔnam saa kwan yi so gyinaa mpɛsoa no ananmu wɔ Ghana mmarahyɛbadwa a ɛtoso nan wɔ Adehyeman Ghana amanmuo  a ɛtɔ so  no mu. Wɔde abatoɔ 14997 na wɔpaw no wɔ abatoɔ 27,844 a ɛfata a wɔtowee nyinaa mu. Eyi ne abatow a ɛfata a wɔtowee nyinaa mu 53.9% yɛ pɛ. Wɔpaw no wɔ Boateng Frederick a ɔyɛ Nnipa Ɔman Nhyiam no ne Kwadwo Owusu Agyeman a ɔyɛ Ɔman Demokrasi Bagua no so. Eyinom nyaa abatow 301 ne abatow 12,546 wɔ abatow a ɛfata a wɔtowee nyinaa mu. Eyinom ne 1.1% ne 45.1% yɛ pɛ wɔ abatow a ɛfata a wɔtowee nyinaa mu. Wɔpaw Adjei Yeboah wɔ New Patriotic Party no tekiti so. Na ne mansin no yɛ amansin 14 a ɛwɔ amansin 24 a Ɔman Ho Dɔ Kuw Foforo no dii nkonim wɔ Brong Ahafo Mantam mu wɔ saa abatow no mu no fa. Wɔ ne nyinaa mu no New Patriotic Party no nyaa dodow no ara a ɛyɛ mmarahyɛ bagua ananmusifo 128 wɔ mmarahyɛ bagua nkongua 230 a ɛwɔ Ghana man a ɛto so 4 no mmarahyɛ bagua a ɛto so 4 no mu.
Wɔpaw Adjei-Yeboah sɛ Mmarahyɛ Bagua no muni wɔ Tano South amansin no mu wɔ afe 2008 Ghana amansan abatow a ɛkɔɔ so wɔ Ghana man a ɛto so 4 no mmarahyɛ bagua a ɛto so 5 no mu. Ɔnyaa abatoɔ 15,242 wɔ abatoɔ 28,822 a ɛfata a wɔtowee no mu, a ɛne abatoɔ a ɛfata nyinaa mu 52.88% yɛ pɛ. Wɔpaw no sɛ Boateng Fredrick a ɔyɛ Ɔmanfo Ɔman Nhyiam no mu, Kwadwo Owusu Agyemang a ɔyɛ Ɔman Demokrasi Mmarahyɛ Bagua no mu ne Josephine Ataa Oppong a ɔyɛ Nhyiam no mu Nnipa Kuw no so. Eyinom nyaa 1.00%, 43.49% ne 2.63% wɔ abatoɔ a wɔtowee wɔ abatoɔ no nyinaa mu.
Ankorɛankorɛ
Adjei-Yeboah aware a ɔwɔ mma mmiensa. Ɔyɛ Kristoni (Methodist).
Bea me nyaa mmoa firii yɛ
Nkyekyεmu:Ghana mmrahyɛbadwafoɔ 2001–2005 Nkyekyεmu:New Patriotic Party amanyɔfoɔ
Samara
Samara yε kuro kεseε a ɛwɔ Russia. Emu nipa dodoɔ yɛ 1,157,880 million.
New Edubease (Ghana mmrahyɛbadwam mpɛsoa)
New Edubease yɛ abatoɔ mpɛsua no mu baako a ɛwɔ Ghana mmarahyɛbadwam. Wɔ too aba yii mmarahyɛbadwani (MP) a odi kan koraa wɔ abatoɔ a ɛdii kan no mu. New Edubease wɔ Adansi South mansini no mu a ɛwɔ Ashanti mantam no mu wɔ Ghana. New Edubease abatoɔ yɛ abatoɔ mpesua a NDC kyiniiɛ amannyɔkuo no na wɔtae di nkunim wɔ mmarahyɛbadwam akonnwa no abatoɔ mu. ɔsono amannyɔkuo NPP nso ne amannyɔkuo a watumi atena New Edubease abatoɔ mmarahyɛbadwam akonnwa no so bi.
Ahyeɛso
New Edubease abatoɔ mpesua no hyɛ Adansi South abatoɔ mpesua no mu a ɛwɔ Asante mantam no mu wɔ Ghana. New Edubease abatoɔ mpesua no ka abatoɔ mpesua a abatoɔ kɔmisa no tetee wɔ berɛ a Ghana hyɛɛ kabimamenkabi amanmuo no ase wɔ afe apem aha nkron ne aduokron mmienu (1992) no mu.
Mmarahyɛbadwafoɔ
wɔ afe apem aha nkron ne aduokron mmienu (1992) mu a Ghana man hyɛɛ kabimamenkabi amanmuo ase no, New Edubease abatoɔ mpesua no anya mmarahyɛbadwafoɔ ahodoɔ num na asi wɔn anan mu wɔ mmarahyɛbadwam. Mmarahyɛbadwani a ɔdi kan ne Awuraa Mary Euginia Ghann a na ɔgyina NDC kyiniiɛ amannyɔkuo no anan mu na ɔdii nkunim wɔ afe apem aha nkron aduokron mmienu (1992) mmarahyɛbadwam akonnwa abatoɔ no mu wɔ New Edubease abatoɔ mpesua so. Awuraa Mary Euginia Ghann nko ara ne NDC kyiniiɛ amannyɔkuo no ananmusini a wantumi atena New Edubease abatoɔ mpesua mmarahyɛbadwam akonnwa no so ankyɛ koraa, ɔtenaa so afe baako pɛ.
wɔ afe apem aha nkron ne aduokron mmiensa (1993) mu no, na ɛho abɛhia sɛ New Edubease abatoɔ mpesua no sane to aba foforɔ de yi nipa foforɔ ma no kɔhyɛ NDC kyiniiɛ amannyɔkuo no ananmusini Awuraa Mary Euginia Ghann anan mu wɔ mmarahyɛbadwam. New Edubease abatoɔ mpesua no anya mmarahyɛbadwafoɔ ahodoɔ num na asi wɔn anan mu wɔ mmarahyɛbadwam. Mmarahyɛbadwani a ɔtɔ so mmienu ne Awuraa Theresa Joyce Boaffoe a na ɔgyina NDC kyiniiɛ amannyɔkuo no anan mu na ɔdii nkunim wɔ afe apem aha nkron aduokron mmiensa (1993) mmarahyɛbadwam akonnwa abatoɔ no mu wɔ New Edubease abatoɔ mpesua so.
NDC kyiniiɛ amannyɔkuo no de owura Ernest Kofi Yakah na ɛbaeɛ wɔ afe mpem mmienu ne nan (2004) mmarahyɛbadwam akonnwa abatoɔ mu, abatoɔ no kɔɔ nawieɛ no na wadi nkunim. NDC kyiniiɛ amannyɔkuo no sane de owura Ernest Kofi Yakah yi ara baa afe mpem mmienu ne nwɔtwe (2008) mmarahyɛbadwam akonnwa abatoɔ mu bio, ɛno nso ɔsane bɛdii nkunim. owura Ernest Kofi Yakah yi ara na ɔsane bɛgyinaa NDC kyiniiɛ amannyɔkuo no anan mu wɔ afe mpem mmienu ne du-mmienu (2012) mu, na ɔsane nso dii nkunim maa NDC amannyɔkuo no, na ɔkɔgyinaa New Edubease abatoɔ mpesua no anan mu wɔ mmarahyɛbadwam.
wɔ afe afe mpem mmienu ne du-nsia (2016) abatoɔ mu no, NPP ɔsono amannyɔkuo no nso bɛgyee New Edubease abatoɔ mpesua mmarahyɛbadwam akonnwa nofirii NDC kyiniiɛ amannyɔkuo no ananmusini no nsam. NPP ɔsono amannyɔkuo no de Owura George Boahen Oduro na ɛbɛpree akonnwa no, na abatoɔ no baa nawieɛ no na watumi adi nkunim wɔ NDC kyiniiɛ amannyɔkuo no ananmusini no so. saa afe yi ne berɛ a ɛdi kan koraa a NPP ɔsono amannyɔkuo no tumi tenaa New Edubease abatoɔ mpesua mmarahyɛbadwam akonnwa no so. NPP ɔsono amannyɔkuo no ananmusini Owura George Boahen Oduro tenaa akonnwa no so de bɛsii afe mpem mmienu ne aduonu mu (2020)
wɔ afe afe mpem mmienu ne aduonu (2020) abatoɔ mu no, NDC kyiniiɛ amannyɔkuo no ananmusini no nso sane bɛgyee New Edubease abatoɔ mpesua mmarahyɛbadwam akonnwa no bio firii NPP ɔsono amannyɔkuo no ananmusini no nsam. NDC kyiniiɛ amannyɔkuo no de Owura Adams Abdul Salam na ɛbɛpree akonnwa no, na abatoɔ no baa nawieɛ no na watumi adi nkunim wɔ NPP ɔsono amannyɔkuo no ananmusini no so.
Jennifer Kehoe
Major Jennifer "Jen" Kehoe MBE (wɔwoo no 15 Obubuo 1983) yɛ ɔkyerɛwfo ne kan skier a ɔyɛ adwumaden, kan no na ɔne ogumadifo a onhu ade yiye Menna Fitzpatrick resi akan sɛ ne kwankyerɛfo a ohu ade yiye wɔ IPC Wiase Kupɔn amansin mu na wagyina Great Britain ananmu adi nkonim anan a sika kɔkɔɔ ka ho wɔ Pyeongchang 2018 Paralympic Agumadi a ɛkɔɔ so wɔ South Korea no abɛyɛ Britain awɔw bere mu Paralympiafo a wɔasiesie wɔn ho sen biara. Ná ɔyɛ Britania Asraafo Panyin.
Fitzpatrick ne Kehoe nyaa kɔbere nkonimbo wɔ slalom kɛseɛ mu wɔ 2017 World Para Alpine Skiing Championships wɔ Tarvisio, ɛmfa ho sɛ Fitzpatrick nsa bubuiɛ wɔ super-G nteteeɛ akwanhyia mu wɔ October 2016 mu ansa na 2016-17 berɛ no reba, na ɛmaa ɔkɔɔ sukyerɛmma so asram abien na ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wɔyɛ no oprehyɛn. Afe a edi hɔ no baanu no faa nteɛso Wiase Kupɔn abodin maa super-G.
Wɔ 2019 Wiase Para Alpine Skiing Championships Fitzpatrick ne Kehoe nyaa nkonimboɔ anum, nyaa kɔbere wɔ slalom kɛseɛ no mu ne dwetɛ wɔ slalom mu ansa na wɔredi sika kɔkɔɔ wɔ downhill mu dii wɔn manfoɔ Kelly Gallagher ne Gary Smith anim, na wɔbɛyɛɛ Britania skiers a wɔdi kan a wɔdii nkonim wɔ Paralympic mmienu no nyinaa mu ne Wiase Para mu abodin ahorow. Afei wɔfaa sika kɔkɔɔ a ɛtɔ so mmienu wɔ super-G mu ansa na wɔde dwetɛ a ɛtɔ so mmienu wɔ nkabom no mu rewie wɔn akansi no.
Wɔpaw Kehoe sɛ Britania Ahemman no Order no muni wɔ 2018 Awoda Honors mu esiane ɔsom a ɔde maa Paralympic Winter Olympic Sport (sic) nti.
Nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu mmusua mu nyiyim (Environmental racism)
Nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu nyiyim, abɔde a nkwa wom mu nyiyim anaa abɔde a nkwa wom mu nyiyim yɛ ahyehyɛde mu mmusua mu nyiyim (institutional racism) a ɛde mmeae a wɔtow nneɛma gu, mmeae a wɔhyew nneɛma, ne nwura a asiane wom gu mmeae a wɔn kɔla (communities of color) gu ahorow mu wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnsɛ so. Wɔ amanaman ntam no, ɛne extractivism, a ɛde nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho adesoa a ɛne sɛ wotu fagude, ngo a wotu, ne mfiridwuma mu kuayɛ no to aborɔfo ne aman a wodi hia a nnipa a wɔn kɔla gu ahorow na wɔte mu kɛse no so nso wɔ abusuabɔ.
Abena Amoah
Nnwomasua
Abena Amoah wiee ne bakyila degree wɔ University of Ghana Business sukuu a ɔnyaa first class wɔ Administration mu. Ɔkɔɔ me ntoasoɔ sukuu wɔ St Roses sukuu wɔ ɔnimuonyamfoɔ Sister Solamen Ott ne Simon Zeta nsam a ɛwɔ German Dominican Nuns a ɛwɔ Akwatia, apueɛ mantam Ghana.
Jennifer Kehoe
Asraafo adwuma
Kehoe nyaa ɔsraani panyin ntetee wɔ Royal Military Academy Sandhurst. Wɔ 12 December 2009 no, wɔmaa no adwuma sɛ ɔnkɔ Royal Engineers, British Army, sɛ lieutenant a ɔwɔ seniority wɔ saa dibea no mu fi 16 June 2008. Wɔmaa no dibea sɛ captain wɔ 12 June 2012. Bere a ɔkɔɔ staff college akyi no, wɔmaa no dibea sɛ major on 31 Ɔpɛpɔn 2019.
Abena Amoah
Nnwuma
Amoah yɛɛ sɛ ɔbɛsi Baobab afotufoɔ aberɛ a ɔyɛɛ adwuma sɛ obi a ɔda Investment banking ne Sikasɛm nkyekyɛmu wɔ Renaissance ahenkuro a ɛwɔ Ghana mfeɛ bi a atwam no. W'asom sɛ ɔtenetenefoɔ wɔ dwumakuo pii mu a ebi ne Ghana Stock Exchange, Ghana Venture Capital trust Fund, Pioneer Aluminium, Newworld Renaissance ahobanbɔ, Strategic African securities ne Ghana Securities Industry Association. Wɔ Ɔsanaa bosome da a ɛtɔ so du num wɔ mfeɛ mpem mmienu ne aduonu mu no, wɔyii no sɛ ɔtenetenefoɔ abɛdiakyire ma Ghana Stock Exchange.
Nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu mmusua mu nyiyim (Environmental racism)
Mmuae a wɔyɛ wɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho mmusua mu nyiyim ho no aboa ma wɔayɛ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho atɛntrenee (environmental justice) kuw a ɛkɔɔ so wɔ United States ne amannɔne wɔ 1970 ne 1980 mfe no nyinaa mu. Ebia mmusua mu nyiyim a ɛfa nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho ahaw akuw nketewa (minority groups) anaa nnipa dodow no ara a wɔdɔɔso, te sɛ nea ɛkɔɔ so wɔ South Africa baabi a nnipa mu nyiyim (apartheid) nyaa nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia so nkɛntɛnso a ɛyɛ mmerɛw wɔ Abibifo so no. Wɔ amanaman ntam no, wiase nyinaa nwura ho aguadi (trade in global waste) ma wiase nnipa dodow no ara yɛ ɔhaw wɔ aman a wodi hia a nnipa a wɔn kɔla gu ahorow na wɔte mu kɛse no mu. Ɛfa sɛnea ɛhɔfo akuw yɛ mmerɛw (vulnerability) titiriw wɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia a wɔsɛe no ho nso ho.
Yaw Ntow Ababio
Yaw Ntow Ababio yɛ Ghana amanyɔni. Na ɔyɛ mmrahyɛbaguani ma Dormaa Apuei mantam a ɛwɔ Brong-Ahafo Mantam mu wɔ Ghana.
Nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu mmusua mu nyiyim (Environmental racism)
Abakɔsɛm
"Atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu mmusua mu nyiyim" yɛ asɛmfua a Benjamin Chavis, a na anka ɔyɛ United Church of Christ (UCC) Commission for Racial Justice no kwankyerɛfo panyin no de bae wɔ 1982 mu. Wɔ ɔkasa bi a ɔsɔre tiaa polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) nwura a asiane wom a wɔde bɛto Warren Mantam, North Carolina nwura (Warren County, North Carolina landfill,) a wɔtow gu mu mu no, Chavis kyerɛɛ asɛmfua no ase sɛ:"mmusuakuw mu nyiyim wɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho nhyehyɛe a wɔyɛ mu, mmara ne mmara a wɔde di dwuma, mpɔtam a wɔn kɔla gu ahorow a wɔhyɛ da de wɔn ani si mmeae a wɔde nwura a awuduru wom gu so, aban mpanyimfo a wɔpene so sɛ awuduru ne efĩ a ɛwɔ yɛn mpɔtam hɔ a ɛde nkwa to asiane mu, ne abakɔsɛm a ɛfa nnipa a wɔayi wɔn afi mu no ho kɔla a efi abɔde a nkwa wom ho akuw no akannifo hɔ."Nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho mmusua mu nyiyim a wogye toom no kanyan nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho atɛntrenee (environmental justice) kuw a efii ase wɔ 1970 ne 1980 mfe no mu a na ɛwɔ nkɛntɛnso a efi ɔmanfo hokwan ahorow kuw (civil rights movement) a edii kan bae no mu bae. Ahyehyɛde ahorow a ɛwɔ fam ne ɔsatu ahorow de adwene sii nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho mmusua mu nyiyim so wɔ nhyehyɛe a wɔyɛ mu na wosii hia a ɛho hia sɛ nnipa kakraa bi de wɔn ho hyɛ mu no so dua. Bere a abakɔsɛm mu no, wɔde nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho mmusua mu nyiyim abata nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho atɛntrenee kuw no ho no, wɔ mfe no nyinaa mu no, wɔatetew asɛmfua no mu kɛse. Nsɛm a esisii wɔ Warren Mantam mu akyi no, UCC ne U.S. Akontaabu Dwumadibea (US General Accounting Office) Kɛse no de amanneɛbɔ ahorow a ɛkyerɛ sɛ mmeae a wɔtow nwura a asiane wom gu wɔ mmeae a ɛnsɛ wɔ mpɔtam a nnipa kakraa bi na wodi hia no mae. Chavis ne Oduruyɛfo Robert D. Bullard (Dr. Robert D. Bullard) kyerɛɛ mmusua mu nyiyim a wɔde ahyɛ ahyehyɛde ahorow mu a efi aban ne nnwumakuw nhyehyɛe ahorow a ɛde mmusua mu nyiyim a ɛfa nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho bae no so. Nea ɛka mmusua mu nyiyim nneyɛe yi ho ne redlining, zoning, ne colorblind adaptation planning. Nnipa a wɔte hɔ no nyaa nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho mmusua mu nyiyim esiane wɔn asetra ne sikasɛm tebea a ɛba fam, ne amammui mu ananmusifo ne akwantu a wonni nti. Bere a ɔretrɛw nkyerɛase no mu wɔ "Amerika Nnipa mu nyiyim ne nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu mmusua mu nyiyim agyapade" mu no, Oduruyɛfo (Dr.) Bullard kae sɛ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho mmusua mu nyiyim:"kyerɛ nhyehyɛe (policy), adeyɛ (practice), anaa akwankyerɛ (directive) biara a ɛsono sɛnea ɛka anaasɛ ɛde ɔhaw ba (sɛ ɛyɛ nea wɔahyɛ da ayɛ anaasɛ wɔanhyɛ da - whether intended or unintended) ankorankoro (individuals), akuw (groups), anaa mpɔtam (communities ) a egyina abusuakuw anaa kɔla so."
Yaw Ntow Ababio
Mfitiase asetra ne nhomasua
Ababio fi Dormaa-Akwamu a ɛwɔ Brong Ahafo Mantam mu wɔ Ghana. Ɔberɛfɛw da 20, afe 1959. Ne man yɛ  Owiee International Professional Managers Association wɔ United Kingdom wɔ afe 2003 mu, na na ɔwɔ diploma wɔ Management mu. Ɔsan nso nyaa ne master’s degree wɔ Administration (Democracy, Governance and Law) mu wɔ Cape Coast Suapɔn mu wɔ afe 2007.
Adwuma
Ababio yɛ Ɔhwɛfoɔ/Ɔhwɛfoɔ. Ansa na ɔrefi n’adwuma ase wɔ amammuisɛm mu no, ɔne Global Haulage Camp yɛɛ adwuma. Limited wɔ Accra - Ghana sɛ Production Manager.
Nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu mmusua mu nyiyim (Environmental racism)
Wiase nyinaa nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho mmusua mu nyiyim (Global environmental racism)
Ɛwom sɛ wɔde asɛmfua no bae wɔ U.S. de, nanso nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho mmusua mu nyiyim nso ba wɔ amanaman ntam. Nhwehwɛmu ahorow ada no adi sɛ esiane sɛ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho mmara abɛyɛ nea ɛda nsow wɔ aman a wɔanya nkɔso mu nti, nnwumakuw de wɔn nwura akɔ Wiase Nyinaa Kesee Fam (Global South). Aman a wonnyaa nkɔso pii no taa nni nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho mmara kakraa bi na wɔbɛyɛ mmeae a efi ba (pollution havens).
Yaw Ntow Ababio
Amanyɔsɛm
Wɔ New Patriotic Party no tekiti so no Ababio dii kan bɛyɛɛ mmrahyɛbaguani maa Dormaa East mantam a ɛwɔ Brong Ahafo Mantam mu wɔ Ghana bere a wɔpaw no wɔ afe 2004 Ghana amansan abatow no mu akyi. Ɔnam saayɛ so gyinaa amansin no ananmu nea edi kan wɔ Ghana republic a ɛto so 4 no mmrahyɛbagua a ɛto so 4 no mu. Wɔde abatow 11,533 na ɛpaw no wɔ abatow a ɛfata a wɔtow 19480 nyinaa mu. Eyi ne abatow a ɛfata a wɔtow nyinaa mu 58.1% yɛ pɛ. Wɔpaw no sen Nicholas K. Adjei-Kyeremeh a ofi National Democratic Congress, Alexander Asante Oppong a ofi Convention People’s Party ne Lovea Amponsah a ofi Democratic People’s Party mu. Eyinom nyaa abatow a ɛfata nyinaa mu 38.00%, 2.90% ne 1.00%. Wɔ saa abatoɔ korɔ no ara mu no, New Partriotic Party no nyaa dodoɔ no ara a ɛyɛ mmrahyɛbagua nkongua ananmusifoɔ 123 wɔ nkongua 230 a wɔdii nyinaa maa mmrahyɛbagua a ɛtɔ so nnan wɔ ɔman a ɛtɔ so nnan no mu. Dormaa Apuei fam mantam no kaa mmrahyɛbagua nkongua 24 a kuw no dii wɔ Brong Ahafo mantam mu nyinaa mu 14 ho. Ababio sɛ mmrahyɛbaguani wɔ mmrahyɛbagua a ɛto so 4 no nso yɛɛ mmrahyɛbagua no Boayikuw a Wɔapaw a Ɛhwɛ Akwan ne Kar So no Titenani Abadiakyiri.
Nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu mmusua mu nyiyim (Environmental racism)
Wiase nyinaa nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho mmusua mu nyiyim (Global environmental racism)
Mpɔtam a wɔato wɔn hintidua a wonni asetra ne sikasɛm ne amammui mu akwan a wɔbɛfa so asɔre atia nnwumakuw akɛse no yɛ nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wɔbɛyɛ nneyɛe a ɛkyerɛ mmusua mu nyiyim a ɛfa nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho a ɛsɛe wɔn akwahosan.
Yaw Ntow Ababio
Amanyɔsɛm
Wɔ afe 2008 Ghana amansan abatoɔ mu no wɔsan paw no wɔ New Patriotic Party no tekiti so sɛ mmrahyɛbaguani ma Dormaa Apueeɛ mantam. Ɔnam saayɛ so gyinaa amansin no ananmu wɔ Ghana republic a ɛtɔ so nnan no mmrahyɛbagua a ɛtɔ so 5 no mu. Ɔsii akan na onyaa abatow 11,363 wɔ abatow 19,188 a ɛfata a wɔtow no mu. Eyi ne abatow a ɛfata a wɔtow nyinaa mu 59.22% yɛ pɛ. 7 Wɔpaw no sen Isaac Kofi Kyeremeh a ofi Ɔman Democratic Congress, Samuel Badu a ofi Democratic Freedom Party, Alexander Asante Oppong a ofi Convention People's Party ne Lovea Amponsah a ofi Democratic People's Party. Eyinom nyaa 33.80%, 4.35%, 2.48% ne 0.16% wɔ abatow a ɛfata nyinaa mu. New Patriotic Party no nyaa dodoɔ no ara nkongua 16 wɔ mmrahyɛbagua nkongua 24 nyinaa mu maa Brong Ahafo mantam no wɔ afe 2008 Ghana amansan abatoɔ no mu. Nanso, wonyaa nnipa kakraa bi a wɔn dodow yɛ 107 wɔ nkongua 230 mu a ɛyɛ mmrahyɛbagua ananmusifo wɔ mmrahyɛbagua a ɛto so 5 a ɛwɔ ɔman a ɛto so 4 no mu.
Nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu mmusua mu nyiyim (Environmental racism)
Wiase nyinaa nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho mmusua mu nyiyim (Global environmental racism)
Nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho atɛntrenee ko tia akwanside ahorow a ɛmma wontumi nyɛ adwuma pɛpɛɛpɛ, ahomegye, nhomasua, nyamesom, ne mpɔtam a ahobammɔ wɔ. Wɔ "Ahiafo a Wɔhwɛ Nneɛma a Atwa Yɛn Ho Ahyia Ho (Environmentalism of the Poor)" mu no, kyerɛw sɛ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho atɛntrenee "kyerɛ sɛ sikasɛm mu nkɔso-awerɛhosɛm ne sɛ ɛkyerɛ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no nkɛntɛnso a ɛkɔ soro, na esi asasesin mu a wotu fibea ne nsu ase so dua.
Yaw Ntow Ababio
Ankorankoro asetra
Ntow Ababio aware a ɔwɔ mma baanan. Ɔyɛ Kristoni na ɔyɛ Presbyterian asɔre a ɛwɔ Ghana no muni.
Nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu mmusua mu nyiyim (Environmental racism)
Nea ɛde ba (Causes)
Nneɛma anan (4) na ɛde mmusua mu nyiyim ba nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho: asase a ne bo nyɛ den a wonnya, amammui mu tumi a wonni, wontumi nkɔ baabiara, ne ohia. Nnwumakuw ne aban ahyehyɛde ahorow hwehwɛ asase a ne bo nyɛ den. Nea afi mu aba ne sɛ, mpɔtam a wontumi nnyina saa nnwumakuw ne aban ahyehyɛde ahorow yi ano yiye na wontumi nnya amammui tumi no ntumi nsusuw ɛka a wɔbɔ no ara kwa ho. Mpɔtam a asetra ne sikasɛm mu nkɔso kakraa bi na ɛwɔ hɔ no ntumi ntu nkɔ baabi foforo. Sika a wonnya nso ma mpɔtam hɔfo no tumi a wɔde yɛ ade wɔ honam fam ne amammui mu nyinaa so tew. Chavis kyerɛkyerɛɛ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu mmusua mu nyiyim mu wɔ akuw anum mu: mmusuakuw mu nyiyim wɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho nhyehyɛe ahorow a wɔkyerɛkyerɛ mu mu, nyiyim a wɔde hyɛ mmara ne mmara ahorow mu, wɔhyɛ da de wɔn ani si mpɔtam kakraa bi so sɛ mmeae a wɔtow nwura a asiane wom, aban mpanyimfo a wɔma efi a ɛyɛ hu ho kwan wɔ mpɔtam kakraa bi mu, ne nnipa a wɔn kɔla gu ahorow a wɔayi wɔn afi mu nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho akannifo dibea ahorow.
Mpɛn pii no, nnipa kakraa bi nni sikasɛm, ahonyade, ne amammui mu ananmusifo a wɔde bɛsɔre atia mmeae a wɔtow nwura a ɛyɛ hu gu. Wɔfrɛ no asase a wɔmpɛ a wɔde di dwuma wɔ mpɔtam hɔ (locally unwanted land uses - LULUs), saa nneɛma yi a ɛboa mpɔtam hɔfo nyinaa no taa brɛ mpɔtam kakraa bi asetra ase. Saa mpɔtam yi nso betumi agyina sikasɛm mu hokwan ahorow a beae no de ba so na wɔmpɛ sɛ wɔbɛsɔre atia beae a ɛwɔ no de wɔn akwahosan to asiane mu. Bio nso, nnwuma a akyinnyegye (controversial projects) wɔ ho no ntaa mfa nsi mmeae a ɛnyɛ nnipa kakraa bi a wɔhwɛ kwan sɛ wɔbɛyɛ adwuma a wɔbom yɛ na wɔadi nkonim wɔ sɔre a wɔsɔre tia nnwuma no a wɔde besisi wɔn mpɔtam hɔ no mu.
Wɔ nkurow a ɛwɔ Wiase Nyinaa Atifi fam mu no, nkurow nketewa a wɔde wɔn yɛ ne gentrification de nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho mmusua mu nyiyim ho nhwɛso ahorow ba. Sɛ nhwɛso no, aborɔfo a woguan fi mmeae a wɔyɛ mfiridwuma kɔ mmeae a ahobammɔ wom, ɛho tew, na ɛwɔ nkurow no akyi no ma nnipa kakraa bi tra nkurow a ɛwɔ mu no mu na ɛbɛn mmeae a wɔyɛ mfiridwuma a efi wom no. Wɔ saa mmeae yi no, adwuma a wonnya nyɛ dɔɔso na nnwumakuw ntaa mfa wɔn sika nhyɛ mpɔtam hɔ nkɔso mu, na ɛde sikasɛm tebea a enye ba ma wɔn a wɔte hɔ no so na ɛhyɛ asetra mu nhyehyɛe a ɛsan de mmusuakuw mu pɛyɛ a enni hɔ ba no mu den. Bio nso, wɔn a wɔreyɛ mmeae a wɔtow nwura a asiane wom no betumi asusuw agyapade wuranom ne wɔn a wɔte kurow bi mu no ohia ho, efisɛ mmeae a adan ne afie bo akɔ fam no bɛma wɔakora wɔn a wɔresi no sika so.
Asetra ne sikasɛm mu afã horow (Socioeconomic aspects)
Ɛka–mfaso nhwehwɛmu (Cost–benefit analysis - CBA) yɛ adeyɛ a ɛde sika boɔ to ɛka ne mfasoɔ so de hwehwɛ nsɛm mu. Nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho CBA botae ne sɛ ɛbɛma nhyehyɛe ano aduru ama nneɛma a wontumi mfa wɔn nsa nka te sɛ mframa a ɛho tew ne nsu denam ɔpɛ a adetɔfo bi wɔ sɛ obetua saa nneɛma yi ho ka a wɔbɛsusuw so. CBA boa ma nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho mmusua mu nyiyim ba denam nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia a wɔkyerɛ sɛ ɛsom bo a egyina mfaso a ɛwɔ so ma ɔmanfo so. Sɛ obi wɔ ɔpɛ na otumi tua nsu pa anaa mframa pa ho ka kɛse a, sika a wotua no so ba ɔmanfo mfaso kɛse wɔ sika fam sen bere a nkurɔfo ntumi ntua saa nneɛma yi ho ka no. Eyi de adesoa ba mpɔtam a wodi hia so. Nwura a awuduru wom a wɔde bɛkɔ baabi foforo no fata efisɛ mpɔtam a wodi hia ntumi ntua sika kɛse te sɛ beae a wodi yiye wɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia a ɛho tew ho. Nwura a awuduru wom a wɔde gu baabi a ɛbɛn ahiafo no ma asase a ne bo yɛ mmerɛw dedaw no agyapade bo so tew. Esiane sɛ agyapade bo a ɛso tew no sua sen beae a ɛhɔ tew na wodi yiye nti, sikasɛm mu mfaso a ɛwɔ so ma ɔmanfo no yɛ kɛse denam nwura a awuduru wom a wɔtow gu beae a "ɛho bo nyɛ den" no so.
Nkɛntɛnso a enya wɔ akwahosan so (Impacts on health)
Nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu nyiyim (Environmental racism) nya mpɔtam a nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia a enye aka wɔn no akwahosan. Nneɛma ahorow a ebetumi de akwahosan ho haw aba no bi ne nnuru a ɛyɛ hu a ɛde awuduru a ɛwɔ mmeae a wɔtow nneɛma gu (hazardous chemical toxins in landfills) ne nsubɔnten mu (rivers). Sɛ obi nya awuduru (toxins) yi a, ebetumi ama amemene no nyin (brain development) nso ayɛ mmerɛw anaasɛ ama ayɛ brɛoo. Saa asiane ahorow (hazards) yi nso ka ankorankoro a wɔte saa mpɔtam yi akwahosan, na ɛkyerɛ sɛnea nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia akwahosan (environmental health) pa a wɔbɛkɔ so akura mu no ho hia na ama wɔahwɛ ahu sɛ nnipa a wonni ahobammɔ betumi atra ase yiye wɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia a wɔde wɔn ho to so no afã horow ho.
Ahyehyɛde a ɛbɔ mmoa ho ban a wɔfrɛ no Wɔ Mmoa Ho Banbɔ mu (In Defense of Animals) ka sɛ mmoa kuayɛ a emu yɛ den ka mpɔtam a ɛbɛn hɔ no akwahosan wɔ ɔkwan a enye so. Wogye di sɛ atare a wɔde nwura gu mu a ɛbata ho no ma mframa a awuduru wom a enni kɔla a ɛyɛ nkesua a aporɔw hua, a acid ahorow a ɛyɛ adwuma wɔ sulfides so na ɛyɛ (hydrogen sulfide) na ɛde efi ba nsu a ɛwɔ mpɔtam hɔ no mu, na ɛma nyinsɛn gu, awo mu dɛmdi, ne nyarewa a ɛpae gui kɛse. Wɔde saa mfuw yi asisi mmeae a wonnya sika pii ne mpɔtam a wɔn kɔla gu ahorow. Asiane afoforo ne nnuru a wɔde kum mmoawa a wɔde wɔn ho bɛhyɛ mu, nnuru a ɛsen ne nneɛma nketenkete a ɛwɔ mframa mu. Ahotew a enye wɔ mmeae ne nnuru a wɔde di dwuma nso betumi aka kuayɛ adwumayɛfo a wɔtaa yɛ nnipa a wɔn kɔla gu ahorow no.
Ɛsɛ sɛ wim tebea ho nyansahufo kuw no yɛ adwuma wɔ nsɛm a ɛwɔ hɔ, nsɛm a wɔboaboa ano, ne adwuma a wɔbɛyɛ de ayi abakɔsɛm mu pɛyɛ a enni nneɛma mu no afi hɔ. Sɛ nhwɛso no, nsɛm a ɛfa ɔhyew a ɛresɛe wɔ Afrika ho nni hɔ kɛse, nanso ɔhyew asorɔkye no ka nnipa pii.
Efiyɛ (Pollution)
United States kesee fam apuei fa no anya efĩ kɛse na nnipa kakraa bi na wɔde saa nsunsuanso ahorow no ayɛ kɛse. Nnipa pii wɔ hɔ a wɔawuwu anaasɛ wɔyare a enni sabea esiane fango adwumayɛbea ahorow a ɛwɔ mmeae te sɛ Detroit, Memphis, ne Kansas City nti. Tennessee ne West Virginiafo (West Virginia residents) taa home nso a awuduru wom esiane ɔtopae (blasting) a wɔtow wɔ mmepɔw so de tu fam nti. Ɔpɛ, nsuyiri, asase ne mframa pa a ɛso tew bere nyinaa no na ɛkyerɛ nnipa a wɔte mmeae yi akwahosan ne ahobammɔ. Mpɔtam a wɔn kɔla gu ahorow na wɔn sikasɛm tebea sua no taa te nsɛm yi mu adesoa ankasa nka. Mpɔtam pii wɔ wiase nyinaa a wohyia ɔhaw koro no ara. Sɛ nhwɛso no, Desmond D’Sa adwuma no twee adwene sii mpɔtam a ɛwɔ South Durban a nnwuma a efi kɛse wom nya nnipa a wɔde ahoɔden tu kɔɔ mmeae foforo wɔ Nnipa mu nyiyim (Apartheid) bere mu no so nkɛntɛnso.
Nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho mmusua mu nyiyim a wɔbɛtew so (Reducing environmental racism)
Wɔn a wɔyɛ adwumaden ahyɛ sɛ wɔmfa "atɛntrenee ho adwene a wɔde wɔn ho bɛhyɛ mu kɛse na egyina ɔmanfo so." Nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho atɛntrenee (EJ) kuw ne wim tebea ho atɛntrenee (CJ) kuw no di nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho mmusua mu nyiyim ho dwuma wɔ nsakrae a wɔde bɛba ne mmara a wɔhyɛ mu sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a nnipa a wɔato wɔn hintidua no rennya wim nsakrae ne efĩ a ɛnyɛ nea ɛfata. Sɛnea Amanaman Nkabom Nhyiam a Ɛhwɛ Nneɛma a Atwa Yɛn Ho Ahyia ne Nkɔso So kyerɛ no (United Nations Conference on Environment and Development), ano aduru biako a ebetumi aba ne ahwɛyiye nnyinasosɛm (precautionary principle), a ɛka sɛ “baabi a ahunahuna wɔ hɔ sɛ wɔbɛsɛe ade kɛse anaasɛ wontumi nsakra no, wɔremfa nyansahu mu ahotoso a enni hɔ nni dwuma sɛ nea enti a wɔbɛtwentwɛn nneɛma ase a ɛho ka sua.” nneɛma a wɔbɛyɛ de asiw nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia a wɔsɛe no (environmental degradation) ano." Wɔ nnyinasosɛm yi ase no, wɔde ahyɛ nea ofii dwumadi a ebetumi ayɛ asiane ase no nsa sɛ ɔnkyerɛ sɛnea dwumadi no yɛ nea ahobammɔ wom. Wɔn a wɔyɛ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho atɛntrenee ho adwuma nso si hia a ehia sɛ wɔtew nwura so wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so so dua, na ɛno bɛyɛ adwuma de atew adesoa no nyinaa so, na ɛbɛtew methane a wɔtow gu no so a ɛno nso brɛ wim nsakrae ase (climate change).
Adesua ahorow (Studies)
Wɔ ɔko bere mu no, nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu nyiyim ba wɔ akwan horow so a akyiri yi ɔmanfo nam amanneɛbɔ so sua ho ade. Sɛ nhwɛso no, Friends of the Earth International amanneɛbɔ a ɛfa Environmental Nakba ho no twe adwene si nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho mmusua mu nyiyim a aba wɔ Gaza Strip wɔ Israel ne Palestina Ntawntawdi (Israeli-Palestinian Conflict) no mu so. Israel nneyɛe bi ne sɛ wobetwa nsu a wɔde ma Palestinefo aguanfo no nnansa na wɔsɛe mfuw.
Sɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow a ɛkyerɛ nsɛm a ɛfa nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho mmusua mu nyiyim ho da nkyɛn a, nhwehwɛmu ahorow nso de nsɛm a ɛfa sɛnea wɔbɛkɔ so asakra mmara ahorow na wɔasiw nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho mmusua mu nyiyim ano ho ama. Wɔ nhwehwɛmu bi a Daum, Stoler ne Grant yɛe wɔ e-waste management ho wɔ Accra, Ghana mu no, wɔasi hia a ɛho hia sɛ wɔne mfuw ne ahyehyɛde ahorow te sɛ nnwumakuw a wɔsan de nneɛma di dwuma, mpɔtam hɔfo, ne dade a wɔabubu aguadifo di nkitaho so dua wɔ akwan horow a wɔfa so yɛ nsakrae te sɛ bara a wɔbara sɛ wɔhyew ne nhyehyɛe ahorow a wɔde bɛsan atɔ nneɛma a ennyaa nneyɛe a ɛresakra no so nkɛntɛnso kɛse.
Nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho atɛntrenee ho abenfo te sɛ Laura Pulido, Mmusuakuw Ho Adesua Dwumadibea Panyin (Department Head of Ethnic Studies) ne Ɔbenfo wɔ Oregon Sukuupɔn mu (University of Oregon), ne David Pellow, Dehlsen ne Dwumadibea a Ɛhwɛ Atwa Yɛn Ho Ahyia Ho Adesua So Titenani (Dehlsen and Department Chair of Environmental Studies) ne Wiase Nyinaa Nneɛma a Atwa Yɛn Ho Ahyia Atɛntrenee Dwumadi no sohwɛfo (Director of the Global Environmental Justice Project) wɔ California Sukuupɔn, Santa Barbara (University of California, Santa Barbara), kyerɛ sɛ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu mmusua mu nyiyim a wobegye atom sɛ ade a efi mmusuakuw mu kapitalism (racial capitalism) agyapade a agye ntini mu no ho hia kɛse ma kuw no, a aborɔfo tumidi (white supremacy) kɔ so hyehyɛ nnipa ne abɔde ne adwumayɛfo abusuabɔ.
Atɛntrenee a ɛfa asɛnnibea ho (Procedural justice)
Mprempren amammui adwene ahorow a ɛfa sɛnea wɔbɛyɛ nsɛm a ɛteɛ a ɛfa nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho mmusua mu nyiyim ne nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho atɛntrenee ho no redan akɔ adwene a ɛne sɛ wɔde atɛntrenee a wɔde di dwuma wɔ nhyehyɛe mu (procedural justice) bedi dwuma no so. Atɛntrenee a ɛfa nhyehyɛeɛ ho yɛ adwene a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔmfa atɛntrenee nni dwuma wɔ gyinaesie nhyehyɛeɛ mu, titire berɛ a wɔresi gyinaeɛ a wɔaka ho asɛm no wɔ aman ntam nkitahodiɛ tebea te sɛ nneɛma a wɔbɛkyekyɛ anaa adwene a ɛnhyia a wɔbɛsiesie mu. Atɛntrenee a ɛfa asɛnnibea ho no hwehwɛ sɛ wɔyɛ gyinaesi a ɛfata, ɛda adi pefee, a animhwɛ nnim a hokwan a ɛyɛ pɛ ma afa horow no nyinaa ka wɔn gyinabea, wɔn adwene, ne wɔn haw ahorow ho asɛm. Sɛ anka wɔde wɔn adwene besi nea ebefi apam ahorow mu aba ne nkɛntɛnso a saa nsunsuanso no nya wɔ nnipa dodow a ɛka wɔn ne akuw a wɔn ani gye ho so kɛkɛ no, nhyehyɛe mu atɛntrenee hwɛ sɛ ɛbɛma wɔn a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu nyinaa aka ho wɔ nhyehyɛe no nyinaa mu fi nhyehyɛe so kosi ne di so. Wɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu mmusua mu nyiyim a wɔbɛko atia ho no, atɛntrenee a wɔde di dwuma wɔ nhyehyɛe mu no boa ma ɛtew hokwan ahorow a nnipa a wɔwɔ tumi te sɛ aman a wɔtaa di adifudepɛ anaa ankorankoro nnwumakuw nya sɛ wɔbɛkyerɛ gyinaesi nhyehyɛe no nyinaa so na ɛsan de tumi bi hyɛ wɔn a ɛbɛka wɔn tee no nsam gyinaesi ahorow a wɔresisi no.
Nnipa a wɔyɛ adwumaden (Activism)
Activism fa akwan horow pii so. Ɔkwan biako ne ɔyɛkyerɛ anaa ɔsɔretia a wɔbom yɛ, a ebetumi akɔ so wɔ mmeae ahorow pii fi mpɔtam hɔ kosi amanaman ntam. Bio nso, wɔ mmeae a wɔn a wɔyɛ adwumaden te nka te sɛ nea aban ano aduru bɛyɛ adwuma no, ahyehyɛde ahorow ne ankorankoro nyinaa betumi adi amammui mu adeyɛ tee akyi. Mpɛn pii no, adwumayɛfo ne ahyehyɛde ahorow bɛyɛ adwuma abom wɔ ɔmantam ne amanaman ntam nyinaa de anya nkɛntɛnso kɛse wɔ wɔn botae ahorow akyi.
Mmea a wɔyɛ aborɔfo akuw a ɛwɔ Canada (Indigenous women's movements in Canada)
Wɔasɔre atia akuw pii wɔ Canada a Abibifo mmea na wofii ase tia nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho mmusua mu nyiyim. Biako a na ɛda nsow na enyaa kuw no so nkɛntɛnso kɛse ne, Canada Mmea Abibifo Fekuw no The Native Women’s Association of Canada’s Anuanom Mmea a Wɔwɔ Honhom mu Dwumadi (The Native Women's Association of Canada's - NWAC Sisters Initiative. Saa nhyehyeɛ yi botaeɛ ne sɛ wɔbɛbɔ amanneɛbɔ a ɛfa Abibifoɔ mmaa a wɔwuwu ne wɔn a wɔyera ho sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a wɔbɛma nkurɔfoɔ ate ase na wɔama aban ne ɔmanfoɔ akuo ayɛ ho biribi. Ɛwom sɛ Canada aban (Canadian federal government ) a ɛwɔ ɔman no mu sii gyinae sɛ wɔbɛgye sika a wɔde ma Sisters in Spirit Initiative no wɔ afe 2010 mu deɛ, nanso NWAC kɔ so boa mmaa, Two-Spirit ne LGBTQ+ Abibifoɔ wɔ wɔn ko a wɔko sɛ wɔbɛtie wɔn no mu. Wɔ Abibifo a wɔsɔre tia akuw afoforo mu no, wosi ayaresa a wobenya afi adwenemhaw mu so dua denam honhom fam nneɛma ne atetesɛm mu nneyɛe a wɔde wɔn adwene besi so sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wɔbɛko atia agyanom mpanyimfo ne mmusua mu nyiyim tumi ahorow a ɛde nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho mmusua mu nyiyim aba no. Adwumayɛfoɔ ne Abibifoɔ mpɔtam nso afa ɔman no mmara kwan so aban kwan so de aka wɔn haw te sɛ apam ahodoɔ, mmara a ɛko tia nnipa a wɔtɔn wɔn, mmara a ɛko tia basabasayɛ a wɔyɛ tia mmaa ne UNDRIP. Wɔabu eyinom sɛ ano aduru a ɛnnɔɔso wɔ Abibifo akuw ne mpɔtam hɔfo mu efisɛ nne ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a wɔnte na ɔman no nni obu anaasɛ ennye Abibifo aman tumidi ntom.
Adwinni mu nkyerɛkyerɛmu (Artistic expression)
Mfoniniyɛfo pii nam adebɔ mu nsɛm a wɔka so hwehwɛ abusuabɔ a ɛda nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia, tumi, ne amammerɛ ntam. Wobetumi de adwinni adi dwuma de ama nkurɔfo ate asetra mu nsɛm ase, a nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho mmusua mu nyiyim ka ho.
Be Dammed a Carolina Caycedo yɛe no de video mu nneɛma, mfonini, ne ntama ne nkrataa a wɔadi afra di dwuma sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ɛbɛma abusuabɔ a ɛda nsu ne tumi ntam wɔ Latin Amerika no ahyia. N’afa horow no ka adwene a ɛhɔfo kura wɔ nsu ho a ɛkyerɛ abusuabɔ a ɛda abɔde ne wɔn ho wɔn ho ntam, ne sɛnea nsu a wɔde ma ankorankoro no ka mpɔtam hɔfo ne abɔde a nkwa wom so nkɛntɛnso ho asɛm. Wɔwoo adwuma a ɛtoatoa so no wɔ afe 2014 "Nhyehyɛe Kɛseɛ" a wɔde trɛw nsuo a wɔyi firi asubɔnten Magdelena mu wɔ Colombia no akyi – nhyehyɛeɛ no kyerɛkyerɛɛ nsuo mu anyinam ahoɔden atare 15 a wɔbɛsi no mu kɔɔ akyiri, na ɛmaa amannɔnefoɔ de wɔn ho too Colombia ahodeɛ so kɔɔ soro. Caycedo si sɛnea atubrafo, abɔde, nneɛma a woyi fi mu, ne aborɔfo a wɔyɛ nneɛma a ɛkɔ so wɔ n’adwinni mu no wɔ abusuabɔ so dua.
Nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia a wɔbɛsiesie (Environmental reparations)
Nyansahufo (scientists) ne sikasɛm ho abenfo (economists ) binom ahwɛ anidaso a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wɔbɛtua nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho akatua, anaasɛ akwan horow a wɔfa so tua ankorankoro a nnwuma a ɛwɔ hɔ no aka wɔn wɔ ɔkwan bi so no mu. Akuw a ebetumi aka wɔn no bi ne ankorankoro a wɔte bɛn nnwumayɛbea, wɔn a abɔde mu asiane asi wɔn, ne wim tebea ho aguanfo a woguan asetra tebea horow a asiane wom wɔ wɔn ankasa man mu. Akatua betumi afa akwan horow pii so, efi sika a wotua tee ma ankorankoro so, kosi sika a wɔde si hɔ de siesie mmeae a wɔsɛe nwura so, kosi mframa a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma so a wɔbɛtɔ ama mpɔtam a wɔte hɔ a wonnya sika pii, kosi sika a wɔde bɛto ɔmanfo kar mu, a ɛtew mframa a ɛma wim yɛ hyew a wɔtow gu so. Sɛnea Robert Bullard kyerɛw no, "'Nneɛma a Atwa Yɛn Ho Ahyia Ho Nsiesie gyina hɔ ma bridge a ɛkɔ nkɔsoɔ ne pɛyɛ mu.' . . Akatua yɛ honhom ne nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia aduru a wɔde sa yare ne mpata.'"
Nhyehyɛe ne amanaman ntam apam ahorow (Policies and international agreements)
Nwura a ɛyɛ hu a wɔde kɔ aman (export of hazardous waste) a ɛtɔ so abiɛsa mu no yɛ ade foforo a ɛhaw adwene a ɛrenya nkɔanim. Wɔ afe 1989 ne 1994 ntam hɔ no, wobu akontaa sɛ wɔde nwura a ɛyɛ hu bɛyɛ metric tɔn 2,611 fii Ahyehyɛde a Ɛhwɛ Sikasɛm mu Nkɔso ne Nkɔso So (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development - OECD) aman mu kɔɔ aman a ɛnyɛ OECD no mu. Wɔyɛɛ amanaman ntam apam abien de buaa nwura a ɛyɛ hu a wɔde kɔ wɔn ahye so a ɛrenya nkɔanim no. Na ɛhaw Afrika Biakoyɛ Ahyehyɛde (Organization of African Unity - OAU) sɛ Basel Apam a wogye toom wɔ bosome Ɔbɛnem afe 1989 mu no nka sɛ wɔbɛbara nwura a ɛyɛ hu a wɔbɛfa ahye so no koraa. Wɔ wɔn haw no ho mmuaema mu no, wɔ Ɔpɛpɔn bosome da a ɛtɔ so aduasa (30), afe 1991 mu no, Afrika Pan-African Nhyiam a Ɛhwɛ Nneɛma a Atwa Yɛn Ho Ahyia ne Nkɔso a Ɛkɔ So Daa So no gyee Bamako Apam a ɛbara sɛ wɔmfa nwura a ɛyɛ hu nyinaa mmra Afrika na ɛto wɔn akwantu ano hye wɔ asasepɔn no so no toom. Wɔ bosome Ɛbɔ afe 1995 mu no, G-77 aman no boa ma wɔyɛɛ nsakrae wɔ Basel Apam no mu de baraa nwura a asiane wom nyinaa a efi aman a wɔyɛ mfiridwuma mu (titiriw OECD aman ne mu kɔ aman afoforo so. OAU de ne nsa hyɛɛ gyinaesi bi ase wɔ afe 1988 mu a ɛkae sɛ nwura a awuduru wom (toxic waste) a wɔtow gu no yɛ "nsɛmmɔnedi a wɔde tia Afrika ne Afrikafo". Ɛno akyi bere tiaa bi no, Afrika Atɔe Fam Aman Sikasɛm Kuw (Economic Community of West African States - ECOWAS) sii gyinae bi a ɛma kwan ma wɔde asotwe, te sɛ nkwa nna nyinaa afiasenna, ma wɔn a wɔkyeree wɔn sɛ wɔretow nwura a awuduru wom no.
Wiase nyinaa ayɔnkofa (Globalization) ne aman ntam apam ahorow a ɛrenya nkɔanim no de nneɛma a ebetumi aba wɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho mmusua mu nyiyim ho nsɛm ba. Sɛ nhwɛso no, afe 1994 Amerika Atifi fam Aguadi a Wɔde Ma Ahofadi Ho Apam (North American Free Trade Agreement - NAFTA) no twee adwumayɛbea ahorow a U.S. na ɛwɔ hɔ no baa Mexico, faako a wogyaee nwura a awuduru wom wɔ Colonia Chilpancingo mpɔtam hɔ na wɔansiesie no kosii sɛ wɔn a wɔyɛ adwumaden no kae sɛ Mexico aban no nsiesie nwura no.
Nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho atɛntrenee akuw ahorow (Environmental justice movements) anya nkɔanim abɛyɛ wiase nyinaa nhyiam ahorow no fã titiriw. Saa nsɛmma nhoma yi reboaboa adwene ano na ɛda nnipa, adwumayɛfo, ne ɔmanfo a wɔbom yɛ adwuma ahorow pii adi. Wiase nyinaa ayɔnkofa ho dadwen betumi aka nnipa ahorow pii a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu a adwumayɛfo (workers), nhomanimfo (academics), ne mpɔtam hɔ akannifo (community leaders) a mfiridwuma mu nkɔso a ɛkɔ soro yɛ ade koro ma wɔn no abom".
Wobetumi agyina tebea a nnipa yiyedi wom so akyerɛkyerɛ nhyehyɛe pii mu. Eyi ba efisɛ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho atɛntrenee botae ne sɛ ɛbɛma mpɔtam hɔfo anya hokwan a ahobammɔ wom, ɛfata, na ɛyɛ pɛ na wɔahwɛ ahu sɛ nneɛma te sɛ redlining rensi. Bere a nneɛma soronko yi nyinaa wɔ wɔn adwenem no, nsunsuanso a anibere wom wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ nhyehyɛeyɛfo susuw ho bere a wɔresi gyinae no.
Nigeria
Efi afe 1956 kosi afe 2006 no, wɔhwiee fɛm ngo bɛyɛ tɔn ɔpepem 1.5 (1.5 million tons of oil) guu Niger Delta, (nea ɛhwie gui wɔ Exxon Valdez asiane no (Exxon Valdez disaster) mu no mmɔho aduonum (50). Abibifo a wɔwɔ ɔmantam no mu ahwere wɔn asetrade esiane nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho nsɛm yi nti (these environmental issues), na wonnyaa mfaso biara wɔ sika kɛse a wonya fi ngo mu a wonya fi wɔn nsase so no ho. Nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho ntawntawdi ama ntawntawdi a ɛkɔ so wɔ Niger Delta no (conflict in the Niger Delta) mu ayɛ den.
Nwura a awuduru wom a wɔhyew (Burning of toxic waste) ne mframa a wɔsɛe no wɔ nkurow akɛse mu (urban air pollution) yɛ ɔhaw ahorow wɔ mmeae a wɔanya nkɔso kɛse.
Ogoni people, a wɔyɛ Nigeria Delta mantam a ngo pii wom no mufo akasa atia nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ne sikasɛm a ɛyɛ hu a Shell Fam Ngo (Shell Oil's) tu no de ba no na wɔakasa atia nnipa hokwan ahorow (human rights abuses) a Nigeria aban ne Shell abu so no. Wɔn amanaman ntam adesrɛ no mu yɛɛ den kɛse bere a wokum Ogonifo a wɔyɛ adwumaden baakron (nine Ogoni activists) wɔ afe 1995 mu akyi, a na ɔhyehyɛɛ Kuw a basabasayɛ nnim a Ɛhwehwɛ Ogoni Nnipa Nkwa (Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People - MOSOP) ka ho.