cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Dar es Salaam
Internet access
Mu tawuni iyi muli malo gha Internet cafes, ndipo pa maofesi gha boma na maboma ghanyake, kweniso pa nthowa za msewu, pali Intaneti yaulere.
Vyakulemba
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Arazede
Arazede ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu ico cili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo caru ici chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Kitwe
Mbili
Chifukwa cha kukwera kwa mitengo ya mkuwa mu ma 1950, Kitwe yikakura kufuma ku tawuni yichoko chomene kuya ku msumba ukuru waciŵiri mu Zambia, ndipo yikaŵa msumba mu 1966. Kufuma apo, malo agha ghakazgoka malo gha vyamalonda, ndipo pamasinda ghakazgoka gha ulimi. Chifukwa chakuti msumba uwu uli pakati pa chigaŵa cha Copperbelt, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakutemwa kuwuzenga.
Scheibenberg
Scheibenberg ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Kitwe
Ma banki
Kitwe is commercially rich as almost all banks in Zambia have at least one branch in Kitwe. The following banks are in Kitwe.
Armamar
Armamar ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu ico cili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo caru ici chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Nyasaland
Chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu
Kuzakafika mu 1945, ŵanalume pafupifupi 124,000 na ŵanakazi pafupifupi 9,500 ŵakaŵavya nyumba. Ŵantchito ŵanandi ŵakasamukira ku vyaru vya kumpoto na vyapakati: mu 1937, pa ŵanthu 91,000 ŵa ku Africa awo ŵakaŵavya nchito, ŵankhondi na yumoza pera ndiwo ŵakafuma ku vigaŵa vya kumwera uko kukaŵa nchito zinandi. Ŵanthu ŵakalutilira kusama na kuluta ku vyaru vinyake. Kuyana na maukaboni, mu 1963, ŵanalume pafupifupi 170,000 ŵakagwira nchito ku vyaru vinyake: 120,000 ku Southern Rhodesia, 30,000 ku South Africa, na 20,000 ku Zambia.
Vyachilokolo
Kwambira mu 1902, boma la Britain likakhazikiska dango la Cingelezi, ndipo likakhazikiska khoti likuru lakuyana na la Cingelezi. Khoti la Apilu la ku East Africa ku Zanzibar ndilo likapulikizganga madandawuro agha. Dango la cikaya likazomerezgekanga (kweni likaŵa lakukhumbikwa yayi) para ŵanthu ŵa ku Africa ŵakakhalanga mu caru ici. Pakwamba, ŵasilikari ŵa King's African Rifles ndiwo ŵakendeskanga vinthu, ndipo ŵanyake ŵakateŵeteranga na ŵapolisi ŵa vigaŵa. Ŵakapanga ŵapolisi ŵakumanyikwa comene mu 1922 kweni mu 1945 ŵakaŵa na ŵapolisi 500 pera.
Chilekwa, Chasefu
Chilekwa ni msumba mu Boma la Chasefu, Zambia.
Anderson County, Texas
Anderson ni nkhalwe panji muzi uwo ukusangika mu nthavwa panji state ya Texas,mu charu cha United States of America,ku Amerika Wakumpoto.Unandi wa ŵanthu ni 58,402,ndipo ukulu wa malo ni 1,071 sq mi (2,774 km2).Mpando wa muzi uwu ni Palestine.
Nyasaland
Vyachisisi
Mu vyaka vyakwambilira vya muwuso wa boma ili, malo ghanandi ghakaŵa ghambura kulima. Ŵanthu aŵa ŵakakhumbanga ŵantchito ndipo ŵakachiskanga ŵanthu ŵa ku Africa kuti ŵakhalenge mu malo agha. Kuyana na L. Kuzakafika mu ma 1880, malo ghakuru gha ku Shire Highlands ghakaŵa kuti ghamara chifukwa cha nkhondo panji kupoka ŵazga. Mu ma 1880 na 1890, ŵanthu ŵa ku Europe ŵakamba kupoka malo agha. Pa nyengo iyi, ŵanthu ŵa ku Africa ŵakaŵa ŵachoko chomene. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Europe ŵakati ŵafika mu Africa, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakaleka kulima minda yawo. Ŵanthu ŵakwambilira ŵa ku Africa awo ŵakachimbilira ku malo ghakuvikilirika, kanandi ŵakaweranga yayi ku malo agha.
Makampani ghatatu ghakurughakuru ghakasunga malo mu vigaŵa vya Shire Highlands. Pakwamba, kampani ya British Central Africa Company yikaŵa na malo ghakukwana maekala 350,000, kweni pambere chaka cha 1928 chindafike, yikaŵa kuti yaguliska panji kupeleka maekala 50,000. Chikaŵa na malo ghakuru ghaŵiri, ghakukwana mahekita 100,000, mu malo gha Shire Highlands. Malo ghanyake ghose ghakaŵa pafupi na dambo la Shire. Kwambira kuumaliro wa m'ma 1920, likapokeranga ndalama za renti ku ŵanthu ŵa ku Africa awo ŵakakhalanga mu malo ghambura kulongozgeka. A. L. Bruce Estates Ltd wakaŵa na malo ghakukwana 160,000 acres, comenecomene mu malo gha Magomero mu Zomba, na Chiradzulu. Pambere vyaka vya m'ma 1940 vindafike, malo agha ghakaŵa kuti ghamara kuguliskika ndipo ŵakakhumbanga kulima. Blantyre and East Africa Ltd, yikaŵa na malo ghakukwana maekala 157,000 mu vigaŵa vya Blantyre na Zomba, kweni mu 1925, yikaguliska malo agha ku ŵalimi ŵachoko waka. M'paka m'ma 1930, likaguliskanga vyakurya vya awo ŵakakhalanga mwenemumo..
Mbewu
Mu 1926, gulu linyake la ku India likamba kupanga hona. Kuzakafika mu 1935, 70% ya vyakurya vya hona vikaŵa mu chigaŵa cha Central, uko boma likaŵa na ŵalimi pafupifupi 30,000. Pakwamba, ŵanthu aŵa ŵakagwiranga nchito ya kulima minda ya Ufumu, kweni pamanyuma ŵakamba kugwiraso nchito ya kulima "Visiting Tenants". Unandi wa awo ŵakakuranga hona ukasinthanga m'paka apo Nkhondo Yachiŵiri ya Caru Cose yikambira, ntheura mu 1950 pakaŵa ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 104,500 awo ŵakakhalanga mu vigaŵa vyakujumpha 132,000 na kunozga matani 10,000 gha hona. Pafupifupi vigaŵa vitatu pa vigaŵa vinayi vya ŵanthu aŵa ŵakaŵa ŵalimi ŵachokoŵachoko awo ŵakakhalanga mu malo agho ŵanthu ŵakakhalanga. Pamanyuma, unandi wawo ukakhira, kweni mu 1965 ŵakaŵa 70,000, ndipo ŵakapanga matani 12,000. Nangauli mtengo wa hona uwo ŵakaguliskanga ukakuranga, kweni ukakhira comene mu 1935 cifukwa ca nkhombo ya tiyi.
Mu 1905, ŵalimi ŵambura kumanya makora vyakurya ŵakapanda makuni gha katoni ghakukwana mahekita 22,000, kweni ŵakatumizga matani 140 gha katoni. Kuchepeska kwa malo agha kufika pa maekali 10,000 na kusazgirako utozi wake kukawovwira kuti katoni waŵe wakuzirwa chomene, ndipo mu 1917 wakafika pa 44% pa vyakurya ivyo vikatoleka ku vyaru vinyake. Chifukwa cha kusoŵa ŵanthu na kututuka kwa maji mu chipalamba cha Shire, mu 1918 mulimo wa kuzenga ukakhira kufika pa matani 365. Mu 1932, ŵanthu ŵakamba kuguliska matani 2,700 gha tirigu, ndipo mu 1935 ŵakaguliska matani 4,000. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Africa ndiwo ŵakagwiranga ntchito iyi mu chipalamba cha Shire, chifukwa ŵanthu ŵa ku Europe ŵakagwiranga yayi. Cakuzirwa ca katundu wakuguliska wa thonje cikakhira kufuma pa 16% mu 1922 kufika pa 5% mu 1932, ndipo mu 1941 cikafika pa 10%, ndipo mu 1951 cikafika pa 7%. Makora gha makuni gha makuni.
Tiyi wakwamba kutumizgika kufuma ku Nyasaland mu 1904 pamanyuma pakuti minda ya tiyi yakhazikiskika mu vigaŵa vya Mlanje District, ivyo pamasinda vikazgoka Cholo District. Vinthu ivyo ŵakaguliskanga ku vyaru vinyake vikakwera kufuma pa matani 375 mu 1922 kufika pa matani 1,250 mu 1932. Kuzirwa kwa tiyi kukakwera comene pamanyuma pa 1934, kufuma pa 6% mu 1932 kufika pa 20% mu 1935. Mu vyaka vitatu ivi, mu 1955, 1957, na 1960, mtengo wa tiyi uwo ŵakaguliskanga ukaluska wa hona. Ndipo m'paka pakati pa m'ma 1960, charu cha Nyasaland ndicho chikaŵa na malo ghakuru chomene gha tiyi mu Africa. Nangauli tiyi iyi yikaŵa yakuzirwa comene ku boma la Britain, kweni suzgo likuru pa caru cose likaŵa lakuti yikaŵanga yaucoko.
Chikhaze
Maboma gha Britain agho ghakaŵako nkhondo yikati yamara ghakakhorwa kuti ku Africa kwaŵanga na ndalama zichoko, ntheura ŵakakolerana kuti ŵaŵe na boma lakuzomerezgana, m'malo mwa kuwungana uko boma la Southern Rhodesia likakhumbanga. Ivyo ŵanthu ŵa ku Africa ŵakasuskanga vikalembeka mu chikalata icho Hastings Banda wakanozga ku Nyasaland na Harry Nkumbula ku Northern Rhodesia mu 1951. Ŵanthu aŵa ŵakagomezganga kuti ŵanthu ŵatuŵa ŵa ku Southern Rhodesia ndiwo ŵazamunjira mu ndyali chifukwa cha mazaza ghawo.
Kujilamulila
Pa 3 Malichi 1959, Sir Robert Armitage, uyo wakaŵa kazembe wa Nyasaland, wakapharazga dango la vyakofya pa charu chose cha Nyasaland. Hastings Banda, pulezidenti wake na mamembara ghanyake gha komiti yake, pamoza na ŵalara ŵa boma ŵakujumpha 100. Zuŵa lakulondezgapo, wupu wa African Congress wa ku Nyasaland ukakanizgika. Awo ŵakakakika ŵakakakika kwambura kweruzgika, ndipo ciŵelengero ca awo ŵakakakika cikakwera kufika pa 1,300. Ŵanyakeso ŵakujumpha 2,000 ŵakajalirika mu jele cifukwa ca milandu yakukhwaskana na suzgo iyi, kusazgapo viwawa na kunanga vinthu. Cakulinga ca ndondomeko izi cikaŵa cakuti boma la Nyasaland liwezge dango na ndondomeko pamanyuma pa kuswa malango uko kukakura pamanyuma pa kuwelera kwa Dr. Banda. M'malo mwa kucitapo kanthu mwaluŵiro, ŵanthu 51 ŵa ku Africa ŵakakomeka ndipo ŵanandi ŵakapwetekeka.
Starnberg
Starnberg ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Atascosa County, Texas
Atascosa County, Texas ni nkhalwe panji muzi uwo ukusangika mu nthavwa panji state ya Texas, mu charu cha United States of America, ku Amerika Wakumpoto.
Anne, Fumukazi
Fumukazi Royal wakugwila zintchito za ufumu zake na za mdumbu wake ngati nkhudangilila na kutuŵiska zinthengwa, Charles.Ni mlalaso wama bungwe ghakukwana 300 kusazgapo WISE, Riders for Health, na Carers Trust.Mabungwe ghake gha vyakuvwila ghakupanga vya maseŵelo, vay zelu zapachanya, ŵanthu ŵakupendela, na kuona za umoyo umo ukwendela mu vyaru ivo vikutukuka sono. Wakaŵa na mkolelanako wa Save the Children kujumpha vyaka 50 ndipo waonapo malo ghanandi gha umo wakuvwila; ndipo ntchito yake ikapangiska kuti wasankhike mu mphumphu ya Nobel Peace Prize mu 1990.
Belmonte (Portugal)
Belmonte (Portugal) ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu ico cili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo caru ici chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Stadtsteinach
Stadtsteinach ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Chindindindi cha ku Turkey na Syria mu 2023
Pa 1 Malichi 2023, ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 51,800 ŵakafwa: ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 45,000 ku Turkey, ndipo ŵakujumpha 6,700 ku Syria. Ni cindindindi ico cikakoma ŵanthu ŵanandi comene mu Turkey kwambira mu 526 apo kukacitika cindindindi ca ku Antiyoke, kweniso ico cikakoma ŵanthu ŵanandi comene mu Syria kwambira mu 1822 apo kukacitika cindindi ca ku Aleppo. Chikaŵa chankhongono chomene pa charu chose kufuma apo kukachitika chindindindi cha ku Haiti mu 2010, ndipo chikaŵa cha nambara 5 pa chindindindi chikuru chomene cha m'ma 2000. Vinthu vyose ivyo vikaparanyika pa chindindindi ichi vikakwana madola 84.1 biliyoni. Iyi ni soka likuru comene kuluska masoka ghose ghacilengiwa agho ghali kucitika mu Turkey.
Seismogram
Cindindindindi cikuru cakwamba cikacitika pa 01:17 UTC. United States Geological Survey (USGS) na Global Centroid Moment Tensor (GCMT) ŵakayipima pa magnitude Template:M7.8 na Template:M7.8. GEOSCOPE yikalembapo kuti mapulaneti agha ghakaŵa na ukuru wa M8.0 ndipo Kandilli Observatory (KOERI) yikalembapo kuti mapulaneti agha ghakaŵa na ukuru wa M7.7 na M7.4. Chindindindi ichi chikaŵa pa 37°09′58′′N 37°01′55′′E / 37.166°N 37.032°E, 34 km (21 mi) kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Gaziantep mu chigaŵa cha Gaziantep, icho chili pafupi na mphaka na Syria. Malo agho kukachitika chindindindi ghakaŵa pasi pa mtunda wa makilomita 10.0 kuyana na USGS na makilomita 5 kuyana na KOERI.
Bakili Muluzi
Mdauko wa Mulongozgi wachibili wa chalo cha Malaŵi
Mu mwezi wachinkhondi pa zuba la chikhumi, yankhondi na yabili (17 May) mu chaka cha 1994 Muluzi wakasoleka kuba mulongozgi wa chalo cha Malaŵi. Pa muwoso wakwamba wa Muluzi wakasintha malango ya chalo (constitution) kuzomelezga munthu wakuti wali kukakikapo kuba mulongozgi, kuyambiska kuti kube wachitatu kwa mulongozgi (second vice-president) na malango yanandi kuti vimwendelenge iyo na chipani chake makola.
Charles City County, Virginia
Charles City County, Virginia ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Virginia mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Virginia lina tumisumba 133 mukwati mwake (counties).
Carroll County, Virginia
Carroll County, Virginia ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Virginia mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Virginia lina tumisumba 133 mukwati mwake (counties).
Borden County, Texas
Borden County, Texas ni nkhalwe panji muzi uwo ukusangika mu nthavwa panji state ya Texas, mu charu cha United States of America, ku Amerika Wakumpoto.
Arraiolos
Arraiolos ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu ico cili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo caru ici chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Portal:Current events/Sidebar
Recently concluded
Prince Edward, Fumu ya Earl ya Wessex
Edward wakapangika kuŵa Fumu ya Wessex pakutola waka  Sophie Rhys-Jones mu 1999.Earl na Fumukazi ya Wessex ŵalikubabizgana ŵana ŵaŵili:  Louise Windsor na  James, Viscount Severn. Edward wakapasika zina linyake lapachanya pa zina lake lakuti Earl wa Forfar mu 2019.
Tabitha Chawinga
Krokom/Dvärsätts IF, 2014
Pa vyaka 18, Chawinga wakaseŵera mu kilabu cha Sweden cha Krokom/Dvärsätts IF, apo wakapokera golide la ligi pamanyuma pakukora vigoli 39 mu maseŵera 18. Wakaŵa mwanakazi wakwamba wa ku Malawi kuseŵera mu kilabu ya ku Europe.
Wuhan Jiangda 2021–present
Pamanyuma pakuti chipatala chikuru cha Jiangsu Suning chaleka kuthandizga Chawinga wakasamira ku Wuhan Jiangda uko kuno mudumbu Temwa wakwimba.
Briscoe County, Texas
Briscoe County, Texas ni nkhalwe panji muzi uwo ukusangika mu nthavwa panji state ya Texas, mu charu cha United States of America, ku Amerika Wakumpoto.
Seehausen (Altmark)
Seehausen (Altmark) ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Schwentinental
Schwentinental ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Chesterfield County, Virginia
Chesterfield County, Virginia ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Virginia mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Virginia lina tumisumba 133 mukwati mwake (counties).
Portal:Current events/More events
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Knittelfeld
Knittelfeld ni msumba mu boma la Styria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Seelze
Seelze ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Kitzeck im Sausal
Kitzeck im Sausal ni msumba mu boma la Styria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
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Carson County, Texas
Carson County, Texas ni nkhalwe panji muzi uwo ukusangika mu nthavwa panji state ya Texas, mu charu cha United States of America, ku Amerika Wakumpoto.
Steinheim, Westphalia
Steinheim, Westphalia ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Sebnitz
Sebnitz ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Kraubath an der Mur
Kraubath an der Mur ni msumba mu boma la Styria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Mapiri a Mafupasi
Mapiri a Mafupasi ni maphiri mu Zambiya. Mpande yili kumafumiro gha dazi kwa charu ichi, mtunda wa makilomita 600 kumpoto-mafumiro gha dazi kwa Lusaka.
Roanoke County, Virginia
Roanoke County, Virginia ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Virginia mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Virginia lina tumisumba 133 mukwati mwake (counties).
Schlettau
Schlettau ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
DeWitt County, Texas
DeWitt County, Texas ni nkhalwe panji muzi uwo ukusangika mu nthavwa panji state ya Texas, mu charu cha United States of America, ku Amerika Wakumpoto.
Seligenstadt
Seligenstadt ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Phiri la Manda
Phiri la Manda ni phiri la Zambia, ilo lili ku mphaka ya Malawi. Ili kumafumiro gha dazi kwa charu ichi, mtunda wa makilomita 700 kumpoto-mafumiro gha dazi kwa Lusaka.
Chakufwa Chihana
Chakufwa Chihana (23 April 1939 – 12 June 2006) wakaŵa wakuvikilira wanangwa wa ŵanthu wa ku Malawi, wakuvikilira wanangwa wa demokilase, wakuchitako ntchito za wupu wa wupu wa wupu ndipo pamanyuma, ndyali. Wakaŵa wachiŵiri kwa purezidenti wa Malawi, pasi pa purezidenti Bakili Muluzi. Kanandi wakucemeka 'wiske wa demokilase ya ku Malawi''. Wakateŵeteranga nga ni mulongozgi wa gulu lakwamba la ndyali la ku Malawi, ilo likakhwimiska pulezidenti Hastings Kamuzu Banda, uyo wakawusa kwa virimika 30, kuti wachite referendum pa ndyali. Wakalumbika na Robert F. Mphoto ya Kennedy ya wanangwa wa ŵanthu mu 1992.
Cassim Chilumpha
Vikati vachitika ivi, Cassim wakakhala chete panyengo yitali, apo Brown Mpinganjira yumoza uyo bakamuleskela lumoza wakapanga chipani chake cha National Democratic Alliance (NDA). Wakazizika banthu banandi apo wakanjila mugulu la FORUM - gulu limoza ilo likachemelelanga kuti Bakili Muluzi waleke kuyimaso pa udindo wa presidentte wa Malawi.
Eastland County, Texas
Eastland County, Texas ni nkhalwe panji muzi uwo ukusangika mu nthavwa panji state ya Texas, mu charu cha United States of America, ku Amerika Wakumpoto.
Iwye
Iwye ni msumba mu charu cha Belarus mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Nyumba ya Afilika
Kupokera
Nyuzipepara ya Seattle Times yikalumba buku la The Africa House, yikati 'ndakulongosora makora nyengo, malo, munthu na ndyali za vyaru viŵiri.'
Dascha Polanco
Dascha Yolaine Polanco (kubabika pa Disembala 3, 1982) ni mwanakazi wakupanga ma filimu wa ku Dominican-American. Wakumanyikwa chomene chifukwa cha mulimo wa Dayanara "Daya" Diaz pa Netflix mndandanda Orange Is the New Black, na mulimo wa Cuca mu 2021 filimu In the Heights.
Ulimi mu Malaŵi
Nyengo ya Chikoloni
Ŵanthu ŵa ku Europe ŵakasuskanga kuti ŵanthu ŵakudumura makuni na kughawotcha. Malo agha ŵakaghagwiliskiranga nchito kwa vilimika vicoko waka pamanyuma pakuti ŵakamazga malo ghanyake. Pakuyaniska na vyaru vya ku Europe, North America, na Asia, vyaru vinandi vya ku sub-Saharan Africa ni vyambura vyakurya vinandi. Nthowa yiwemi chomene yakulimira dongo ili ni vyaka 10 m'paka 15 ivyo munthu wakulimira pa malo ghambura kupambika vipasi. Mu vigaŵa vyose ivyo vikaŵa pasi pa boma la Britain, dipatimenti ya vyakurya yikaŵa na maghanoghano ghaheni pa nkhani ya vyakurya vya ku Africa. Nangauli mu vyaka vyakwambilira vya m'ma 1900, vyaru vya ku Europe vikalimanga vyakurya vinandi ivyo vikapangikanga kuti vipelekeke ku vyaru vinyake, kweni m'ma 1940, vyakurya vinandi (makamaka hona) vikapangikanga na ŵanthu ŵa ku Africa..
Vyakumera ivi vikaŵa vichoko chomene pambere chaka cha 1951 chindafike apo vikafika matani 316, kweni boma likakhozga kulima na kupeleka mitengo yiwemi. Pa nyengo iyo charu ichi chikamba kujiyimira paŵekha, vyakurya ivyo vikafumanga mu vyaru vinyake vikakwana matani 25,000 pa chaka. Kweniso ŵanthu ŵakuliska makuni agha kuti ŵarye. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1930 na 1940, charu cha Nyasaland chikamba kupanga mafuta gha Tung, ndipo malo ghakujumpha 8,000 (makilomita 20,000) mu malo gha Shire Highlands ghakaŵa na makuni gha Tung. Ndipouli, mu 1953, mitengo ya mafuta pa caru cose yikakhira ndipo vyakurya vikamba kuchepa cifukwa mafuta gha Tung ghakaŵa ghakudura. M'paka apo kukaŵa njara mu 1949, mbuto iyi ŵakayitumanga ku vyaru vinyake yayi, kweni boma likakhozga chomene vyakurya ivi. Pa nyengo iyi, vyakurya vya mu vyaru vinyake vikaŵa vyambura kukhumbikwa.
Vinyama
-kwandana kwendela mbuto
Ulimi mu Malaŵi
Nyengo ya Chikoloni
Kuzakafika mu 1946, makampani agho ghakagwiliskiranga ntchito ŵantchito awo ŵakagwiranga ntchito mu nyumba, ghakadandawura kuti ŵantchito awo ŵakagwiranga ntchito mu nyumba za ŵantchito ŵakagwiranga yayi ntchito iyi. Mu 1953, boma likakhumbanga kusazgirako renti, kweni ŵanthu ŵakalutilira kulimbana na boma. Mu Ogasiti 1953, ŵanthu 11 ŵakafwa ndipo 72 ŵakapwetekeka. Pamanyuma pa vivulupi ivi, Kazembe Colby wakaciska kuti malo gha mu malo agha ghagulike mwakujipeleka, ndipo boma likagura mahekitala 142,000 mu 1954. Apo charu chikamba kujiyimira paŵekha mu 1964, pakaŵa waka mahekitala 171,000 gha malo agho ghakaŵako, ndipo ghanandi ghakaŵa gha tiyi.
Pamasinda pa ufulu
Kufuma mu 1950 m'paka mu 1980, mu Malawi mukaŵa vula zinandi. Mu nyengo iyi, cakurya cikawoneka kuŵa cakukhorweska, ndipo cakurya cikaŵa cinandi comene kuluska ico ŵakapanganga mu vilimika vinkhondi pera. Ivi vikakhozga ndondomeko ya vyakurya viŵiri, iyo Hastings Banda wakacita kwamba mu 1961, pakwamba pakuŵa nduna ya vyakurya, ndipo pamasinda pakuŵa pulezidenti. Ndipouli, paumaliro wa m'ma 1970, ndondomeko iyi yikamara. Banda wakalutilira kulamulira vyaru nga ni Prime Minister mu 1964 na President kufuma mu 1966 mpaka 1994, ntheura kupambana panji kutondeka kwake kukaŵa kwa iyo. Banda wakamanya kuti Malawi walije vinthu vinandi padera pa ulimi. Pakwamba wakatemwanga comene kulima viŵeto vya ŵanthu ŵacoko waka, cifukwa ŵakaŵa na malo ghacoko waka gha ku Europe. Ndipouli, mu 1968, ŵakamba kulima hona mu malo agha. Hona wa Burley ngwakudura yayi ndipo wakupangika na mphepo. Mu 1966, Pulezidenti Banda wakayowoya kuti malo agho ŵanthu ŵakughaŵika ghakaŵa ghambura kukhazikika ndipo ghakaŵa ghakukanizga ndalama. Dango lakuyowoya za malo ghakupambanapambana la mu 1967 likazomerezga kuti ŵanthu ŵapange malo ghakupambanapambana gha vyakurya vyaka 99. Ŵanandi mu chigaŵa cha Central ŵakakhumbanga kulima hona wa Burley ndipo ŵakendeskekanga na Banda mweneco, panji ŵalara ŵa boma na ŵandyali.
Vinyama
makhalilo
Nyama zikukhumbika nkhongono zofuma ku Vyomela, ivyo vikusanga nkhongono kufuma ku zuŵa mu nthowa ya fotosinfesisi nkhongono izi ndizi zikulutaso mu nyama zorya nyama zinyakhe pela.
Ulimi mu Malaŵi
Vyaka vyakwambilira pambere charu chindambe kulamulira
Njara ya mu 1949 yikaŵa mu chigaŵa cha Shire Highlands na mumphepete mwa Nyanja ya Malawi. Njara yikuru iyo yikachitika mu chigaŵa ichi yikaŵa mu 1926. Mu Disembala na Malichi, kukawa yayi vula. Vipambi vya mbuto vya mbuto iyi vikaŵa waka 65 mpaka 70% ya vyakurya vya mu 1950 na 1951, ndipo vikaŵa na vipasi viŵiri ivyo vikapangiska kuti ŵalimi ŵachokoŵachoko ŵaleke kuŵa na vyakurya vinandi. Ŵantchito ŵa boma na ŵamishonale, ŵantchito ŵanandi ŵa mu matawuni, na ŵanyakeso awo ŵakakhalanga mu malo ghakusungirako ŵanthu ŵakapokeranga chakurya kwawanangwa panji ndalama zakukwana. Kanandi ŵanakazi ŵa ku mizi ya ku Nyasaland ŵakaryanga pamoza na ŵazengezgani ŵawo na ŵabali ŵawo ŵakutali. Ndipouli, apo nyengo yikendanga makora, cakurya cikagaŵikanga na ŵabali ŵithu pera, yayi na ŵabali ŵithu ŵakutali, ndipo ŵacekuru, ŵawukirano, vyokoro, ŵawoli awo ŵaleka ŵanyawo, panji ŵawoli ŵa ŵantchito ŵakufuma ku vyaru vinyake, ŵakaŵavya mwaŵi wa kugaŵana cakurya. Pakwamba lizgu lakuti "ganyu" likang'anamuranga chakurya panji moŵa uwo ŵakapelekanga ku ŵazengezgani ŵawo kuti ŵaŵawongere. Ndipouli, lizgu ili likung'anamura ntchito iyo munthu mukavu wakuchita kuti wasange chakurya panji ndalama izo ŵazengezgani ŵake ŵasambazi ŵakupeleka. Mu 1949 na 1950, ŵanthu ŵakagura vyakurya matani 25,000 kuti ŵamarane na njara iyi. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakafwanga na njara mu 1949 na 1950. Ŵakati ŵasanda chomene vya njara iyi, ŵakasanga kuti malo ghakuru agho ghakaŵa pa malo gha ŵanthu ŵambura kulima ghakaŵa ghambura kulima. Kuŵapo kwa Komiti ya Kulaŵilira Vyakumera, iyo yikakhazikiskika mu 1947, nako kukapangiska kuti vinthu viŵe makora yayi. Nangauli likapangika kuti lipelekenge ndalama zakukwana pa vyakurya, nanga ni mu nyengo iyo vyakurya vikusangika vinandi, ndipo likapelekanga ndalama zakuyana waka ku vigaŵa vyakutali na ku vigaŵa vinyake. Ndipouli, pakwamba, mbumba zinandi za ku Malawi zikalimanga vyakurya vyawo. Ici, pamoza na ndondomeko ya wupu wakuwona vya vyakurya ya ku Britain (Maize Control Board) yakuti mitengo ya vyakurya yileke kukwera cifukwa ca kufipa mtima na vyakurya ivyo vikapangika mwakutalulira, vikapangiska kuti misika ya vyakurya vileke kukura. Mu 1947 na 1948, yikaŵa na vyakurya vinandi yayi, ndipo mu vyaka ivi yikagura vyakurya vichoko waka pa hafu ya ivyo yikakhumbikwiranga. Pamanyuma pa njara iyi, vyakurya vya hona vikakhira mu vigaŵa ivyo vikaŵa na njara iyi ndipo mtengo wa vyakurya ukakwera. Wupu wa Kulaŵilira Mbuto ukagura matani ghakujumpha 7,000 gha mbuto mu 1948: awo ŵakamulondezga ŵakagura matani 30,000 mu 1964 na 128,000 mu 1979, kulongora kuti malonda gha mbuto gha ku Malawi ghakaŵa ghambura kukura mu 1949.
Pamasinda pa ufulu
Pamanyuma pa njara ya mu 1992, wovwiri wa vyaru vinyake ukakhumbikwiranga kuti ŵanthu ŵambeso kuchita vinthu mwawanangwa. Wupu wa ADMARC uwo ukaŵa wa boma, ukapokera ndalama zinandi yayi kuti uŵike vyakurya vyakukwana matani 180,000 kuti viŵe vyakwenelera ku ŵalimi na ŵamalonda. Kufuma mu 1997, pamanyuma pakuti Banki ya Caru Cose yikadandawura kuti ADMARC yikupokera wovwiri wa ndarama izo zikunjira mu caru, ADMARC yikathera pa udindo uwu, ndipo yikulaŵilira vyakurya vya mu caru pera. Boma la Malawi likakhumbanga kuti ŵagulire vyakurya vya mu charu ichi pa mtengo wakukwana kuti ŵalutilire kulima.
Ellis County, Texas
Ellis County, Texas ni nkhalwe panji muzi uwo ukusangika mu nthavwa panji state ya Texas, mu charu cha United States of America, ku Amerika Wakumpoto.
Olival (Ourém)
Olival (Ourém) ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu ico cili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo caru ici chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Rodwell Munyenyembe
Umoyo
Rodwell Thomas Changara Munyenyembe (1 January 1936 - 27 June 2005) wakaŵa wandale wa ku Malawi uyo wakatumika kaŵiri kuŵa Speaker wa National Assembly, kufuma mu 1994 mpaka 1999 ndipo kufuma mu 2004 mpaka nyifwa yake. Wakateŵeteraso kaŵiri nga nduna ya boma, mu maboma gha Hastings Banda na Bakili Muluzi. Wakagwiranga nchito ya kusambizga pambere wandambe ndyali.
Vyandale
Pa chisankho cha 1994, Munyenyembe wakaweleraso ku National Assembly nga wakwimilira chipani cha Alliance for Democracy (AFORD). Pa mavoti agha, Nyumba ya Malango yikaŵa pa mtende yayi, ndipo United Democratic Front (UDF) ndiyo yikapokera vithuzithuzi vinandi. Pa nkhani ya kupanga boma liphya, ŵakakolerana kuti Munyenyembe ndiyo waŵenge muyowoyeri. Wakaŵa na udindo uwu m'paka apo wakatondeka pa mavoti gha mu 1999, apo wakimilira nga ni munthu wakujiyimira yekha uyo wakakhozgeka na UDF. Nangauli wakataya mpando wake ku National Assembly, Munyenyembe wakalutilira kunjilirapo pa ndyali, ndipo President Bakili Muluzi wakamusankha kuŵa Minister of State for Presidential Affairs. Pakati pajumpha myezi yicoko waka, wakaŵikika kuŵa nduna ya vya kuvikilira caru. Pa chisankho cha 2004, apo Muluzi wakaleka ntchito, Munyenyembe wakasankhikaso ku pharalamende, kwimilira UDF ku Chitipa North. Pamanyuma pake wakasankhikaso kuŵa pulezidenti..
Mafwilo
Mu Juni 2005, Munyenyembe wakasuzgika comene na sitiroko apo wakaŵa pa mpando wa speaker apo wakadumbiskananga nkhani yakususka Pulezidenti Bingu wa Mutharika. Wakatolekera ku South Africa kuti wakapike munkhwala. Wakafwira ku chipatala cha Milpark, Johannesburg, mazuŵa ghacoko waka pamanyuma pake, cifukwa ca nthenda ya mtima..
Strasburg (Uckermark)
Strasburg (Uckermark) ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Lynn County, Texas
Lynn County, Texas ni nkhalwe panji muzi uwo ukusangika mu nthavwa panji state ya Texas, mu charu cha United States of America, ku Amerika Wakumpoto.
Lassan, Germany
Lassan, Germany ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Otero County, Colorado
Otero County, Colorado ni nkhalwe (county) iyo ikusangika mu nthavwa (state) ya Colorado, mu charu cha United States of America.
Mitterberg-Sankt Martin
Mitterberg-Sankt Martin ni msumba mu boma la Styria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Amusaa Mwanamwambwa
Amusaa Katunda Mwanamwambwa (wakababika pa 15 May 1940) ni wa ndyali wakale wa Zambia. Wakaŵa mulara wa chalo cha Liuwa pakati pa 1991 na 1998, ndipo wakaŵa na maudindo ghanandi. Mu 1998 wakazgoka Speaker wa National Assembly, udindo uwo wakachita mpaka mu 2011.
Lilombo la Fumu Yesu
"Badada bithu muli kuchanya,
Ndipo mungatitoreranga mu kuyezgeka,
Baibolo
Ŵakhristu ŵakamba kufuma mu Chiyuda ndipo ŵakagwiliskira ntchito Baibolo la Septuagint pakulemba Testamente Lakale. Ŵasambiri ŵa Baibolo ŵakalutilira kulemba mabuku gha Chiyuda agho ŵakatenge ghakafuma kwa Chiuta. Mabuku gha Makani Ghawemi, makalata gha Paulosi, na mabuku ghanyake ghakaŵa mu Tesitamenti Lasono.
Lagoa, Azores
Lagoa, Azores ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu ico cili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo caru ici chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Udindo wasono
Uwemi wakuŵa na mlongozgi wasono
Para ŵanthu awo ŵiza sono mu caru ici ŵakukhumba kuzakagwira nchito yinyake, ŵanthu awo ŵakukhumba kuvota ŵakudumbiskana dankha ivyo munthu uyu wali navyo, maghanoghano ghake pa nkhani za ndyali, ndiposo mikhaliro yake. Kweni para munthu wasankha uyo wali pa udindo, Guy Molyneux wakuti, "ntchakuwonekerathu kuti ni munthu uyo wali pa udindo". Ŵakuvota ŵazamudumbiskana dankha umo munthu uyo wali pa udindo waliri. Para ŵaghanaghana kuti "ŵafumiskengepo" uyo wali pa udindo, ndipo ŵakwamba kughanaghanira usange waliyose uyo ŵakukhumba kuti waŵe pa udindo ni munthu wakwenelera.
Mautern in Steiermark
Mautern in Steiermark ni msumba mu boma la Styria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Luckau (Niederlausitz)
Luckau (Niederlausitz) ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Mooskirchen
Mooskirchen ni msumba mu boma la Styria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Prowers County, Colorado
Prowers County, Colorado ni nkhalwe (county) iyo ikusangika mu nthavwa (state) ya Colorado, mu charu cha United States of America.
Gonçalo, Amarante
Gonçalo, Amarante ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu ico cili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo caru ici chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
San Juan County, Colorado
San Juan County, Colorado ni nkhalwe (county) iyo ikusangika mu nthavwa (state) ya Colorado, mu charu cha United States of America.
Grândola
Grândola ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu ico cili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo caru ici chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
King County, Texas
King County, Texas ni nkhalwe panji muzi uwo ukusangika mu nthavwa panji state ya Texas, mu charu cha United States of America, ku Amerika Wakumpoto.
Fluvanna County, Virginia
Fluvanna County, Virginia ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Virginia mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Virginia lina tumisumba 133 mukwati mwake (counties).
Lauterbach (Hesse)
Lauterbach (Hesse) ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Lindenberg im Allgäu
Lindenberg im Allgäu ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Oberhaag
Oberhaag ni msumba mu boma la Styria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Lingen
Lingen ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Lugau/Erzgeb.
Lugau/Erzgeb. ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Linnich
Linnich ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Linden (Hesse)
Linden (Hesse) ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Forte da Casa
Forte da Casa ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu ico cili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo caru ici chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Ottendorf an der Rittschein
Ottendorf an der Rittschein ni msumba mu boma la Styria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Canedo (Santa Maria da Feira)
Canedo (Santa Maria da Feira) ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Fuseta
Fuseta ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu ico cili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo caru ici chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Lunzenau
Lunzenau ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Lütjenburg
Lütjenburg ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Hofkirchen im Mühlkreis
Hofkirchen im Mühlkreis ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Pernegg an der Mur
Pernegg an der Mur ni msumba mu boma la Styria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Mbuzi
Mbuzi (Capra aegagrus hircus), Mnyama.
Lützen
Lützen ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Pischelsdorf am Kulm
Pischelsdorf am Kulm ni msumba mu boma la Styria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Caxias, Oeiras
Caxias, Oeiras ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu ico cili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo caru ici chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Pölfing-Brunn
Pölfing-Brunn ni msumba mu boma la Styria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Leichlingen
Leichlingen ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Celorico da Beira
Celorico da Beira ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu ico cili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo caru ici chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Capelas
Capelas ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Wupu wa Rhodesia na Nyasaland
Madumbizgilano
Phangano ili mphanyi likaŵa lambura kufiskika kwambura Sir Andrew Cohen, Muteŵeti Wakovwira wa Secretary for African Affairs (ndipo pamanyuma wakaŵa Kazembe wa Uganda). Wakazgoka yumoza wa awo ŵakambiska na kwendeska vyaru ivyo vikaŵa ku chigaŵa cha Federation, ndipo kanandi wakawovwiranga yekha ŵanyawo. Cohen, uyo wakaŵa Muyuda ndipo wakakhuŵara comene cifukwa ca nyifwa ya ŵanthu ŵa mu caru ca America, wakaŵa munthu wakususka mtundu wa ŵanthu kweniso wakuvikilira wanangwa wa ŵanthu ŵa mu Africa. Kweni wakaleka vilato vyake kuti waleke kucita ivyo wakawonanga kuti ni ngozi yikuru comene kuluska kulutilira kwa muwuso wa ŵatuŵa wa ku Southern Rhodesia. Lord Blake, wakulemba mdauko wa ku Oxford, wakalemba kuti: "Mwakuyana waka, mtundu wa Apartheid ndiwo ukapangiska kuti vinthu viŵe makora". Pa Malichi 24, 1953, Nyumba ya Commons yikazomerezga fundo za ungano uwu, ndipo mu Epulero yikapeleka fundo zakukolerana na vyaru vya Northern Rhodesia na Nyasaland. Pa 9 Epulero, ku Southern Rhodesia kukacitika referendum. Pakulondezga kukosera na kukhozga mtima kwa Prime Minister wa Southern Rhodesia, Sir Godfrey Huggins, ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 25,000 ŵa ku Southern Rhodesia ŵakavotera boma la federal, ndipo pafupifupi 15,000 ŵakakana. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa mu vigaŵa vyose vitatu ivi ŵakasuskanga. Wupu uwu ukaŵako apo Nyumba ya Malamulo ya ku United Kingdom yikapeleka dango lakuti Rhodesia and Nyasaland Federation Act, 1953. Dango ili likapeleka mazaza kwa Fumukazi kuti yikhazikiske wupu wa vyaru vitatu ivi. Dango ili likapelekeka pa Ogasiti 1, 1953, ndipo likapangiska kuti malango ghanyake gha mu Dango la Wupu Wakulongozga ghayambe kugwira ntchito. Kazembe mukuru wakwamba, Lord Llewellin, wakamba uteŵeti wake pa Seputembala 4. Pa Okutobala 23, 1953, Llewellin wakalemba chikalata icho chikapeleka ulongozgi unyake wose wa mu Dango.
Ndondomeko ya chalo
M'malo mwa wupu wakulongozga, nduna yikuru Huggins yikakhumbanga kuti wupu uwu uŵikane pamoza, na kupanga boma limoza. Kweni Nkhondo Yachiŵiri ya pa Charu Chose yikati yamara, Britain yikasuska cifukwa cakuti caru ca Southern Rhodesia cikaŵa na wanangwa wa kupoka katundu na ndalama cifukwa ca unandi wa ŵanthu ŵa ku Europe. Ŵakapanga wupu wakulongozga kuti ulekeske suzgo ili. Ntheura Huggins wakaŵa nduna yikuru yakwamba kufuma mu 1953 mpaka 1956, ndipo wakalondezgana na Sir Roy Welensky, wandale wakuzirwa wa ku Northern Rhodesia, kufuma mu 1956 mpaka apo Federation yikamara mu Disembala 1963.
Mu boma la Britain, maofesi ghaŵiri gha ufumu ghakaŵa pa mphindano yikuru ya maghanoghano, ya munthu na ya ntchito. CO ndiyo wakalamuliranga vyaru vya Nyasaland na Northern Rhodesia, apo CRO ndiyo wakalamuliranga Southern Rhodesia. Vyaru vya kumpoto vikasuskanga boma la Rhodesia la kumwera, ilo CRO yikakhozgeranga. Chakuzirwa nchakuti, CO yikakhumba kuti yikhozgere wanangwa wa ŵanthu ŵa ku Africa kuluska CRO, iyo yikakhumba kukhozga vyakukhumba vya ŵanthu ŵa ku Southern Rhodesia (ndipo ku Northern Rhodesia) ŵa ku Europe. Mu 1957, Welensky wakakhumbanga kuti paŵe dipatimenti yimoza iyo yikateŵeterenge vigaŵa vyose vitatu, ndipo Macmillan nayo wakatemwanga kuti CRO ndiyo yiŵe na udindo wa vigaŵa vyose ivi. Kweni Secretary of the Cabinet wakamuphalira kuti ŵanthu ŵa ku Africa na ŵantchito ŵa ku Northern Territories ŵakususka. Mwantheura, mu 1962, milimo ya wupu uwu yikasamira ku dipatimenti yiphya, yakucemeka Central Africa Office, ndipo Rab Butler ndiyo wakaŵa nduna. Ndipouli, ici cikaŵa ca nyengo yicoko waka, cifukwa apo Alec Douglas-Home wakalondezganga Macmillan kuŵa nduna yikuru, udindo wa Federation ukawelera ku CRO na CO, ndipo Duncan Sandys ndiyo wakaŵa na udindo wa wose ŵaŵiri.
Chitetezo
Mu Meyi 1958, malo ghatatu ghakacemeka na mazina gha "ŵasilikari ŵatatu ŵakumanyikwa comene ŵa ku Central Africa". Msasa wa RAR ku Llewellin ukacemekanga Methuen Camp cifukwa ca zina la Colonel J.A. Methuen. Malo agha ghakacemekanga Cobbe Barracks cifukwa ca zina la Mulara Alexander Cobbe. Malo agha ghakachemeka Stephenson Barracks, pamanyuma pa Mubali A. Stephenson. - Kasi ndiwe?
Chiharo
Pamanyuma pa Southern Rhodesia's Unilateral Declaration of Independence (UDI), nkhondo yikuru yikamba pakati pa vigaŵa viŵiri vya CAF - Zambia (iyo yikukhozgera ŵanthu ŵa ku Africa) na Southern Rhodesia (iyo yikukhozgeka na South Africa) - pamoza na mazgu ghakututuzga gha vyaru vinyake, ndipo nyengo zinyake kukaŵa nkhondo.
Mathebulu ghakutumizga makalata
Mu 1954, boma la Britain likafumiska mathamalindi ghakwamba agho ghakaŵa na cithuzithuzi ca Fumukazi Elizabeth II. Wonani nkhani yikuru pa Sitampu za ku Rhodesia na Nyasaland. Kweniso ŵakafumiskanga vithuzithuzi vya msonkho.
Ng'andu Peter Magande
Magande wakababika pa Julayi 5, 1947, ku Namaila, mu chigaŵa cha Mazabuka ku Southern Province mu Zambia.
Ntchito
Mu Meyi 1994, wakafumapo pa nchito ya boma na kwamba kuteŵetera mu boma la ŵanthu ŵekha. Mu Juni 1994, wakawelera ku boma nga ni mulaŵiliri wa milimo ya boma ku unduna wa vyakurya, vyakurya na somba. Kufuma mu Julayi 1996 m'paka Febuluwale 2000, wakaŵa Secretary General wa African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States (ACP), uwo uli na ofesi yake mu Brussels, Belgium. Pakati pa chaka cha 2000 na 2003, wakachitanga ntchito ya kupempha wovwiri ku mawupu ghakupambanapambana, kusazgapo SADC, COMESA, AU, UNDP, MEFMI, Maxwell Stamp, IMANI na maboma gha Zambia na Malawi. Pakati pa Julayi 2011 na Meyi 2012, wakaŵa yumoza wa ŵanthu 23 ŵa wupu wakuwona vya umoyo wa charu chose (think tank) uwo ukapangika na wupu wa Center for Global Development (CGD) uwo uli ku Washington DC USA pa "The Future of the International Development Association (IDA) " wa World Bank..
Lingua Franca Nova
Mbili
Mu 2008, Simon Davies wakamba kusinthaso dikishonare ya LFN ʹEnglish. Dikishonare iyi yikulembeka pa webusayiti ya boma ndipo yili na mabuku ghakujumpha 20,000.
Mu 2012, buku lakwamba ilo likang'anamulika mu chiyowoyero cha Lingua Franca Nova likaŵa la La aventuras de Alisia en la pais de mervelias.
Nkhwali
Nkhwali (Francolinus)
Hutchinson County, Texas
Hutchinson County, Texas ni nkhalwe panji muzi uwo ukusangika mu nthavwa panji state ya Texas, mu charu cha United States of America, ku Amerika Wakumpoto.
Lamar County, Texas
Lamar County, Texas ni nkhalwe panji muzi uwo ukusangika mu nthavwa panji state ya Texas, mu charu cha United States of America, ku Amerika Wakumpoto.
Ragnitz
Ragnitz ni msumba mu boma la Styria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Kleberg County, Texas
Kleberg County, Texas ni nkhalwe panji muzi uwo ukusangika mu nthavwa panji state ya Texas, mu charu cha United States of America, ku Amerika Wakumpoto.
Lingua Franca Nova
Orthography
Kanandi LFN yikulembeka na cilembo ca Cilatini. Malembo ghake ghakupambana na gha ŵanthu. Mavowel gha LFN (a, e, i, o na u) ghakuzunulika nga umo vikuzunulikira mu Cisipanishi panji Cilatini (nga umo vikuzunulikira mu mazgu ghakuti bar, bait panji bet, beet, boat panji ball, na boot). Para munthu wakuyowoya mazgu agha, mazgu agha ghakupambana.
Sources of lexicon
Para mu viyowoyero vinyake muli lizgu limoza lakufuma ku Chilatini, kweni likuzgoreka mu nthowa zakupambanapambana, Lingua Franca Nova yikutemwa lizgu lakale chomene, ilo likuyana na Chilatini. Mwaciyelezgero: Kweni para chiyowoyero cha Cilatini chikukolerana yayi na mazgu gha mu Baibolo la Lingua Franca Nova, ŵakulemba mu viyowoyero vinyake.
Menard County, Texas
Menard County, Texas ni nkhalwe panji muzi uwo ukusangika mu nthavwa panji state ya Texas, mu charu cha United States of America, ku Amerika Wakumpoto.
Couço
Couço ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu ico cili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo caru ici chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Ranten
Ranten ni msumba mu boma la Styria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Ratten
Ratten ni msumba mu boma la Styria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Katsdorf
Katsdorf ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Akdam, Kozan
Akdam, Kozan ni msumba mu boma la Kozan mu chigaŵa chikulu cha Adana mu charu cha Turkey mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Sankt Barbara im Mürztal
Sankt Barbara im Mürztal ni msumba mu boma la Styria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Eixo
Eixo ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Estômbar
Estômbar ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
São Manços
São Manços ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu ico cili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo caru ici chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Dong Hoi
Dong Hoi (vi. - Đồng Hới) kwa Quang Binh, Vietnam, Asia. Muli banthu pafupi-fupi 160,000 (2013).
Sankt Georgen am Kreischberg
Sankt Georgen am Kreischberg ni msumba mu boma la Styria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
São Martinho do Porto
São Martinho do Porto ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu ico cili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo caru ici chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Henüzçakırı, Kozan
Henüzçakırı, Kozan ni msumba mu boma la Kozan mu chigaŵa chikulu cha Adana mu charu cha Turkey mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Favaios
Favaios ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Kirchberg-Thening
Kirchberg-Thening ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Postkabasakal, Kozan
Postkabasakal, Kozan ni msumba mu boma la Kozan mu chigaŵa chikulu cha Adana mu charu cha Turkey mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Kirchham, Austria
Kirchham, Austria ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Sankt Johann in der Haide
Sankt Johann in der Haide ni msumba mu boma la Styria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Oldham County, Texas
Oldham County, Texas ni nkhalwe panji muzi uwo ukusangika mu nthavwa panji state ya Texas, mu charu cha United States of America, ku Amerika Wakumpoto.
Santa Catarina (Caldas da Rainha)
Santa Catarina (Caldas da Rainha) ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu ico cili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo caru ici chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Sankt Michael in Obersteiermark
Sankt Michael in Obersteiermark ni msumba mu boma la Styria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Cabanas de Tavira
Cabanas de Tavira ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu ico cili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo caru ici chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Lunenburg County, Virginia
Lunenburg County, Virginia ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Virginia mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Virginia lina tumisumba 133 mukwati mwake (counties).
Chigaŵa cha Mpunga, Uganda
Chisopa
Ŵanthu ŵa mu tchalitchi la Mpunga ni:
Langelsheim
Langelsheim ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Lollar
Lollar ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Sankt Peter-Freienstein
Sankt Peter-Freienstein ni msumba mu boma la Styria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Mbendela ya Malaŵi
Mbendela ya Malaŵi yikatoleka pa 6 July 1964 apo boma la Nyasaland likamba kulamulira charu ichi.
2010–2012
Mbendera yiphya ya Malawi yikatoleka pa 29 July 2010, nga umo boma la Democratic Progressive Party likapangira. Viyuni ivi vikasinthika kufuma pa ndembera yakwambilira kuti vikolerane na ndembera yakwambilira ya ku Africa. Zuŵa lakwera ilo likaŵa pachanya pa ndembera likasinthika na dazi lituŵa ilo likaŵa na mizere 45, kulongora kuti Malaŵi "likwenda makora pa nkhani ya vyachuma" kufuma apo likamba kujiyimira pawekha. Gulu lakulimbana na boma la United Democratic Front likati lizamususka dango la kusintha ndembera. Mbendera iyi yikakolerana na purezidenti wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika, uyo wakazomerezga kusintha kwa mbendera pa 29 July 2010. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakadandawura chomene usange chikaŵa chakwenelera kusintha ndembera, kweni ŵakalutilira nangauli ŵanandi ŵakakondwa yayi. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakachemanga ndembera iyi kuti "ndembera ya Bingu". Ŵanandi ŵakasuskanga ndembera yiphya, cifukwa ŵakawonanga kuti yikaŵa ya ndyali yayi.
Pa Meyi 28, 2012, pa nyengo ya muwuso wa pulezidenti muphya Joyce Banda, Nyumba ya Malamulo yikazomerezga kuti ŵambeso kuvwara ndembera ya charu..
Calheta, Madeira
Calheta, Madeira ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu ico cili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo caru ici chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Mlonga wa Msese
Mlonga wa Msese ni mlonga mu Malawi.
Wilbarger County, Texas
Wilbarger County, Texas ni nkhalwe panji muzi uwo ukusangika mu nthavwa panji state ya Texas, mu charu cha United States of America, ku Amerika Wakumpoto.
Karabucak, Kozan
Karabucak, Kozan ni msumba mu boma la Kozan mu chigaŵa chikulu cha Adana mu charu cha Turkey mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Kapıkaya, Kozan
Kapıkaya, Kozan ni msumba mu boma la Kozan mu chigaŵa chikulu cha Adana mu charu cha Turkey mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).