cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Guinea-Bissau
Slave trade
Ŵanthu ŵa mitundu yakupambanapambana ndiwo ŵakaguliskanga ŵazga, ndipo nkhondo zikapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵaguliskike. 204). Ŵa Bijagos nawo ŵakacitanga nthena, ndipo ŵakambanga kuwukira ŵanthu kuti ŵatore ŵazga. Ŵazga ŵa Bijagos ŵakaŵa ŵa mtundu wa Biafadas, Papels, Jolas, na Balantas. 204). Ŵazga ŵa Papels ŵakaluta ku Balantas, Biafadas, na Bijagos na wovwiri wa Lançados (p. 209). Ŵanthu ŵa ku Mandinka ŵakaŵa na mazaza ghakuru pa nkhani ya ndyali na nkhondo mu chigaŵa ichi, ndipo mu ufumu wa Kaabu, ŵazga ŵakambanga kuwukira ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga mumphepete mwa nyanja (pp. 219–221). Ŵa Biafada ŵakasuskika cifukwa ca unandi wa ŵanthu awo ŵakaguliskikanga ku Europe, ndipo magulu gha ŵazengezgani ghakaŵacimanga kuti ndiwo ŵakambiska wuzga. 217). Ŵabalantas na Ŵajola ŵakagwiliskiranga nchito ŵazga yayi ndipo ŵakaŵatinkhanga (p. 208, 217). Ŵazga ŵa mtundu wa Mandinka awo ŵakafuma ku Gambia ŵakaluta kumwera na kukakora ŵazga ŵa mtundu wa Jolas. 208). Ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Bijagos ŵakaŵa kutali comene na caru, ndipo cifukwa cakuti ŵakaŵa ŵankhaza, ŵakakhumbanga kujikoma, ŵakacitanga viwawa pa sitima, kweniso ŵakatemwanga kucimbira ku minda, ŵanthu ŵa ku Europe ŵakaŵatemwanga yayi nga mbazga. 218). Nkhondo za mafuko ghakupambanapambana zikacitikanga cifukwa ca kupindana kwa vyaru panji kupindana pa ndyali yayi, ndipo ni viŵi yayi kuti zikacitikanga cifukwa ca kutinkhana (p. 208). Nkhondo izi zikacitikanga cifukwa ca kukhumba vinthu vya ku Europe, ndipo ŵanthu ŵa ku Europe ŵakawonanga nkhondo izi nga ni kwiba na kupenja ŵanthu. 209). Ŵazga ŵakamba kupoka ŵazga kuti ŵasangirepo phindu. Mu 1600, themba la ku Bissau likamba kupoka ŵazga. (p. 210).
Ŵazga ŵakaguliskikanga na kugaŵikana mu magulu. Ŵazga ŵakaguliskikanga na ŵanthu ŵa mu magulu ghapasi.
"Ŵasambazi na ŵankhongono ŵali na mwaŵi wa kupoka ŵazga, cifukwa palije uyo wangaŵasuska. Iwo (ŵakaronga) ŵakutinkha ŵanthu ŵanandi, ndipo para ŵakukhumba kucita nthena, ŵakugwiliskira nchito mwaŵi wawo mwambura kusuzga, cifukwa ŵeneko ŵakukhwaskika yayi na uryezi wawo. Themba nalo likucita mwakuyana waka". (p. 228).
Summary
Nyengo yinyake caru ca Guinea-Bissau cikaŵa cigaŵa ca ufumu wa Kaabu, uwo ukaŵa cigaŵa ca Ufumu wa Mali mu vilimika vya m'ma 1500. Vigaŵa vinyake vya ufumu uwu vikalutilira kuwusa m'paka m'ma 1700. Cigaŵa cinyake ca caru ici cikaŵa ca Ŵaphwitikizi. Charu cha Portuguese Guinea chikamanyikwanga na zina lakuti Slave Coast, cifukwa ŵanthu ŵa ku Europe ŵakaguliskanga ŵazga ŵa ku Africa kuluta ku vyaru vya kumanjiliro gha dazi.
Kwa kanyengo kacoko waka mu vilimika vya m'ma 1790, Ŵabritish ŵakayezga kukhazikika pa cirwa cinyake ku Bolama. Kweni mu vyaka vya m'ma 1800, Ŵaphwitikizi ŵakaŵa ŵakukhora mu msumba wa Bissau ndipo ŵakawonanga nyanja iyo yikaŵa kufupi na iwo kuŵa chigaŵa chawo. Mu 1956, ŵasilikari ŵa chipani cha African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (PAIGC), icho chikaŵa pasi pa Amílcar Cabral, ŵakamba kuwukira charu cha Portugal. Mwakupambana na ŵasilikari ŵanyake mu vigaŵa vinyake vya Portugal, gulu la PAIGC likamba kuwusa vigaŵa vinandi vya caru ici mwaluŵiro, cifukwa ca malo agho ghakaŵa nga ni nkhorongo, kweniso cifukwa ca vigaŵa ivyo vikaŵa pafupi na mphaka na vyaru vinyake, kweniso cifukwa ca unandi wa vilwero vyakufuma ku Cuba, China, Soviet Union, na vyaru vinyake vya mu Africa. Kweniso, caru ca Cuba cikapangana kuti ciŵapenge ŵasilikari, ŵadokotala, na ŵantchito. Gulu la PAIGC likaŵa na vilwero vyakupambanapambana vyakulwera ndege kuti lijivikilire. Kufika mu 1973, gulu la PAIGC likaŵa na mazaza pa vigaŵa vinandi vya ku Guinea, kweni mu Janyuwale 1973, gulu ili likathera apo Cabral wakakomeka.
Independence (1973)
Charu ichi chikapika wanangwa pa 24 Seputembala 1973, ndipo sono chikukondwelera zuŵa ili nga ni zuŵa la wanangwa. Kuzomerezgeka kwa boma la Portugal kukaŵako pa caru cose pa 25 Epulero 1974 cifukwa ca kuwukira kwa ŵasilikari ku Portugal, uko kukawuskapo boma la Estado Novo la ku Lisbon. Boma la Romania la Nicolae Ceaușescu likaŵa lakwamba kuzomerezga kuti Guinea-Bissau njumoza wa vyaru ivyo vikacita phangano na chipani cha African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde.
Pa nyengo yeneyiyo, sumu ya fuko la Guinea-Bissau yikacemekanga Esta É a Nossa Pátria Bem Amada, ndipo yikacemekangaso Cântico da Liberdade.
Luís Cabral, munung'una wa Amílcar na uyo wakambiska PAIGC, wakasankhika kuŵa pulezidenti wa Guinea-Bissau. Mulimo wa kujiyimira pawekha ukayamba na ŵanthu ŵawemi comene. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Bissau na Guinea ŵakawelera ku caru cawo. Ndondomeko yakuti waliyose wasambirenge sukulu yikapangika. Mabuku ghakaŵanga ghawanangwa, ndipo sukulu zikawonekanga kuti zili na ŵasambizgi ŵanandi. Masambiro gha ŵasungwana, agho kale ghakaŵa kuti ghakumanyikwa yayi, ghakaciskika, ndipo kalendala ya sukulu iyo yikaŵa yakukolerana na malo gha ku mizi yikapelekeka. Mu 1980, cuma cikamba kunangika comene, ndipo ŵanthu ŵakakondwa yayi na boma ilo likaŵapo. Pa Novembala 14, 1980, João Bernardo Vieira, uyo wakamanyikwanga kuti "Nino Vieira", wakathereska Pulezidenti Luís Cabral. Ndondomeko ya boma yikalekeka kugwira nchito, ndipo ŵakakhazikiska wupu wa ŵasilikari 9, uwo ukalongozgekanga na Vieira. Kufuma nyengo iyo, caru ici camba kuŵa na cuma cakulongozgeka na boma. Kucepeskako ndalama kwacitika cifukwa ca vinthu ivyo vikucitika pa umoyo wa ŵanthu na masambiro.
M'paka mu 1984 caru cikaŵa mu mawoko gha ŵandyali. Mu 1994, kukacitika masankho ghakwamba gha vipani vinandi. Mu Meyi 1998, ŵasilikari ŵakagaluka ndipo ivi vikapangiska kuti kuŵe nkhondo mu caru ca Guinea-Bissau, ndipo mu Juni 1999 pulezidenti wakathereskeka. Mu 2000, kukaŵaso visora ndipo Kumba Ialá ndiyo wakasankhika kuŵa pulezidenti.
Mu Seputembala 2003, ŵasilikari ŵakawukira boma. Ŵasilikari ŵakamukora Ialá na kumupa mulandu wakuti "wakutondeka kumazga masuzgo". Mu Malici 2004, pamanyuma pa kucedwa kwa nyengo zinandi, kukacitika visankho vya nduna za boma. Mu Okutobala 2004, ŵasilikari ŵakagalukira boma pa nkhani ya malipiro agho likapeleka yayi, ndipo ŵakakoma mulongozgi wa ŵasilikari.
From Vieira years to present
Nangauli pali malipoti ghakuti ŵasilikari ŵakanjizga vilwero mu caru pambere ŵandatoreke, kweniso kuti pakaŵa masuzgo ghanyake pa nyengo ya kampeni, kusazgapo kuwukira maofesi gha boma na ŵanthu ŵambura kumanyikwa awo ŵakaŵa na vilwero, kweni ŵalonda ŵa ku vyaru vinyake ŵakayowoya kuti mu 2005 vinthu vikaŵa makora.
Pakati pajumpha vilimika vitatu, gulu la PAIGC likaŵa na mazaza ghakukwana 67, ndipo likapoka vigaŵa 100 pa visankho ivyo vikacitika mu Novembala 2008. Mu Novembala 2008, nyumba ya Pulezidenti Vieira yikatoleka na ŵasilikari, awo ŵakakoma mulinda, kweni pulezidenti wakakhwaskika.
Kweni pa 2 March 2009, Vieira wakakomeka na gulu la ŵasilikari awo ŵakakhumbanga kuwezgera nyifwa ya mulongozgi wa Joint Chiefs of Staff, General Batista Tagme Na Wai, uyo wakakomeka pa bomba zuŵa lakulondezgapo. Nyifwa ya Vieira yikapangiska kuti paŵe vivulupi vinandi yayi, kweni pakaŵa vimanyikwiro vya vivulupi mu caru, mwakuyana na wupu wakuvikilira wanangwa wa ŵanthu wa Swisspeace. Ŵalongozgi ŵa ŵasilikari mu caru ici ŵakacita phangano lakuti ŵacindikenge dango la malango la umo munthu wangaŵira na mazaza. Wapampando wa National Assembly Raimundo Pereira wakasoleka kuŵa wapampando wa kanyengo mpaka pa chisankho cha pa chalo pa 28 June 2009. Malam Bacai Sanhá wa chipani cha PAIGC ndiyo wakathereska Kumba Ialá uyo wakakhumbanga kuti waŵe pulezidenti wa chipani cha PRS. Pa 9 Janyuwale 2012, Pulezidenti Sanhá wakafwa na matenda gha shuga, ndipo Pereira wakasoleka kuŵa pulezidenti wa kanyengo kachoko. Pa usiku wa pa 12 April 2012, ŵasilikari ŵa mu caru ici ŵakacitapo kanthu ndipo ŵakakora pulezidenti wa kanyengo na munthu munyake uyo wakakhumbanga kuti waŵe pulezidenti. Mkulu wa boma wakale, General Mamadu Ture Kuruma, adalamulira dzikoli munthawi yosinthira ndipo adayamba kukambirana ndi zipani zotsutsa.
José Mário Vaz wakaŵa pulezidenti wa ku Guinea-Bissau kufuma mu 2014 mpaka mu 2019. Wakati wamalizga uteŵeti wake, Vaz wakaŵa pulezidenti wakwamba kusankhika kuti wamalizge uteŵeti wake wa vilimika vinkhondi. Komabe, adataya chisankho cha 2019 kwa Umaro Sissoco Embaló, yemwe adayamba kugwira ntchito mu February 2020. Embaló ndiyo wakaŵa pulezidenti wakwamba kusankhika kwambura wovwiri wa PAIGC.
Pa 1 February 2022, pakaŵa chiyezgo cha kupoka boma kuti wapoke Pulezidenti Umaro Sissoco Embaló.. Pa 2 February 2022, wayilesi ya boma yikapharazga kuti ŵanthu ŵanayi awo ŵakakomeka na ŵalinda ŵaŵiri ŵa pulezidenti ŵakomeka. Wupu wa African Union na ECOWAS wose ŵakasuska ivyo vikacitika. Pakati pajumpha mazuŵa 6 kufuma apo boma likakhumbanga kupoka boma, pa 7 Febuluwale 2022, nyumba ya Rádio Capital FM, iyo yikayuyuranga boma la Bissau-Guinea, yikapokeka. Aka kakaŵa kaŵiri kuti nyumba ya wayilesi iyi yikomeke mu vyaka viŵiri pera. Mulembi munyake wa nyuzipepara ya TV iyi wakayowoya kuti munyake uyo ŵakagwiranga nayo nchito wakamanya kuti limoza mwa magalimoto agho ghakaŵa na ŵanthu ŵara likaŵa la pulezidenti.
Ndale
Charu cha Guinea-Bissau ni repubulika. Mu nyengo yakale, boma likaŵa na mazaza ghakuru. Boma la vyaru vyakupambanapambana likamba mu 1991. Pulezidenti ndiyo ni mulongozgi wa boma ndipo nduna yikuru ndiyo ni mulongozgi wa boma. Kufumira pa wanangwa mu 1974, mpaka apo Jose Mario Vaz wakamalizgira vyaka vinkhondi vya kuwusa kwake pa 24 June 2019, palije mulongozgi uyo wakakhalako vyaka vinkhondi vyose.
Pa wupu wa malango, wupu wa Asembleia Nacional Popular (National People's Assembly) uwo uli na nyumba yimoza uli na mamembara 100. Ŵakusankhika na ŵanthu kufuma mu vigaŵa vyakupambanapambana kuti ŵakateŵetere kwa vilimika vinayi. Ŵeruzgi ŵakwimikika na pulezidenti ndipo ŵakucita ivyo pulezidenti wakhumba.
Vipani viŵiri vikuruvikuru vya ndyali ni PAIGC (African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde) na PRS (Party for Social Renewal). Pali vipani vyakujumpha 20 ivyo vikupambana maghanoghano.
Foreign relations
Charu cha Guinea-Bissau ndicho chikambiska vyaru ivyo vikuyowoya Chiphwitikizi (Community of Portuguese Language Countries (CPLP)), icho chikuchemekaso Lusophone Commonwealth, ndipo ni wupu wa vyaru ivyo vikuyowoya Chiphwitikizi.
L'Albagés
L'Albagés ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
Guinea-Bissau
Military
Kuyana na kafukufuku uyo wakacitika mu 2019, ŵasilikari ŵa ku Guinea-Bissau ŵalipo pafupifupi 4,400 ndipo ndalama izo ŵakupeleka pa nkhondo ni pacoko waka pa 2% ya GDP.
Mu 2018, charu cha Guinea-Bissau chikasayinira phangano la UN lakukanizga kugwiliskira ntchito vilwero vya nyukiliya.
Administrative divisions
Charu cha Guinea-Bissau chili kugaŵika mu vigaŵa 8 (regiões) na chigaŵa chimoza (sector autónomo). Maofesi agha ghali kugaŵika mu vigaŵa 37. Vigaŵa ivi ni ivi:
Makhalilo gha charu
Charu ichi chili na malo ghakukwana 36,125 square kilometres (13,948 sq mi), ndipo ntchikuru kuluska Taiwan na Belgium. Malo ghapachanya chomene ni Monte Torin, agho ghakaŵa pa mtunda wa mamita 262. Charu ichi chili na malo ghakuthambalara, ndipo malo agha ghakukolerana na makuni gha mangrove agho ghali ku Guinea. Nyengo ya vula iyo yikuŵa nga ni nyengo ya vula yikupambana na nyengo ya cimphepo cakofya ico cikufuma ku Sahara. Virwa vya Bijagos vili kutali na caru. Charu ichi chili na vigaŵa viŵiri: nkhorongo ya ku Guinea na nkhorongo ya ku Guinea.
Climate
Charu cha Guinea-Bissau chikupya chaka chose, ndipo nyengo yikutenthemera pachokopachoko. Chiwerengero cha mvula ku Bissau ndi 2,024 mm (79.7 in), ngakhale kuti izi zimawerengedwa pafupifupi nyengo yamvula yomwe imagwa pakati pa June ndi September / October. Kufumira mu Disembala mpaka Epulero, mu caru ici mukuŵa cikhutu.
Environmental problems
Masuzgo ghakuru gha malo ghakutowa ghakuŵa kudumulika kwa makuni, kunangika kwa dongo, kuliskika kwa viŵeto, na kukoma somba mwakutalulira. Guinea-Bissau wakaŵa na nkhorongo ya 5.7 pa nkhorongo 10 pa nkhorongo ya 2019.
Chuma
Pa caru cose, caru ca Guinea-Bissau nchimoza mwa vyaru ivyo vili na ndalama zicoko comene pa caru cose, ndipo ciŵerengero ca ŵanthu awo ŵakukhala mu caru ici nchimoza mwa vyaru ivyo vili na ndalama zicoko comene. Ŵanthu ŵakujumpha vigaŵa viŵiri pa vigaŵa vitatu vya caru ici mbakavu comene. Chuma cha charu ichi chikuthemba chomene ulimi. Vyakurya ivyo ŵakuguliska ni somba, mtedza wa cashew, na mtedza wa groundnut.
Ivars de Noguera
Ivars de Noguera ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
Guinea-Bissau
Chuma
Kwa nyengo yitali vinthu vikwenda makora yayi pa ndyali ndipo ivi vyapangiska kuti vinthu vileke kwenda makora pa nkhani ya ndalama, umoyo wa ŵanthu uhenipe, kweniso kuti vinthu vileke kwenda makora pa nkhani ya ndalama. Ku Guinea-Bissau, pakutora nyengo yitali kuti munthu walembeske bizinesi yake (233 mazuŵa panji pafupifupi masabata 33).
Chalo cha Guinea-Bissau chamba kulongora umo chuma chikuyendera, pamanyuma pakuti vyaru vikuru-vikuru vya mu charu ichi vyasazga phangano la umo vinthu viŵirenge, ivyo vyapangiska kuti paŵe ndondomeko ya kusintha vinthu mu charu ichi iyo yikukhozgeka na wupu wa IMF.
After several years of economic downturn and political instability, in 1997, Guinea-Bissau entered the CFA franc monetary system, bringing about some internal monetary stability. Nkhondo ya pa caru cose iyo yikacitika mu 1998 na 1999, na kuwukira kwa ŵasilikari mu Seputembala 2003, vikapangiska kuti vinthu viheni vicitike mu caru. Vinthu ivi vikapangiska kuti vinthu viheni vicitike mu caru, ndipo ukavu ukalutilira. Pamanyuma pa visankho vya pa wupu wa malango mu Malichi 2004 na vya pulezidenti mu Julayi 2005, caru ici cikulutilira kusuzgika na vinthu vyambura urunji.
Kwambira mu 2005, ŵamalonda ŵa munkhwala wakuzweteska wongo ŵa ku Latin America ŵakamba kugwiliskira nchito caru ca Guinea-Bissau, pamoza na vyaru vinyake vya ku West Africa, kuti ŵaguliske cocaine ku Europe. Mulara wa wupu wa United Nations wakayowoya kuti caru ici cili pangozi ya kuzgoka "cigaŵa cakupanga munkhwala wakuzweteska wongo". Boma na ŵasilikari ŵakucita vinandi yayi kuti ŵalekeske malonda gha minkhwala yakutimbanizga wongo, agho ghakafika paheni comene pamasinda pa kuwukira mu 2012. Mwakuyana na magazini ya The Week, boma la Guinea-Bissau likulutilira kusuzgika cifukwa ca kuguliska munkhwala wa kokeni. Guinea-Bissau ndi membala wa Organisation for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa (OHADA).
Ethnic groups
Ŵanthu ŵa ku Guinea-Bissau ŵali na mitundu yakupambanapambana, ŵali na viyowoyero vyakupambanapambana, mitheto yakupambana, na kakhaliro kakupambana.
Ŵanthu ŵa ku Bissau-Guinea ŵangagaŵika mu mitundu iyi: Most of the remainder are mestiços of mixed Portuguese and African descent.
Ŵanthu ŵa ku Portugal mbacoko comene pa ŵanthu ŵa ku Bissau-Guinea. Guinea-Bissau yikati yajiyimira payekha, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa ku Portugal ŵakafumamo mu charu ichi. Mu caru ici muli ŵanthu ŵachoko waka ŵa ku China. Ŵanyake mwa ŵanthu aŵa ŵakaŵa ŵa ku Portugal na Canton, ndipo ŵakakhalanga ku Macau.
Major cities
Main cities in Guinea-Bissau include:
Languages
Nangauli ni caru cicoko, kweni ku Guinea-Bissau kuli ŵanthu ŵa mitundu yakupambanapambana, ndipo ŵali na mitheto na viyowoyero vyawo. Vili nthena cifukwa cakuti mu caru ca Guinea-Bissau muli ŵanthu ŵakucimbira kwawo na awo ŵakusamukira ku vyaru vinyake. Ŵanthu ŵa mitundu yakupambanapambana ŵakamba kuyowoya Ciphwitikizi na ciyowoyero ca ku Portugal ico cikucemeka Kriol panji crioulo.
Ciphwitikizi cikayowoyekanga comene nga ni ciyowoyero caciŵiri, kweni ŵanthu ŵacoko waka ndiwo ŵakuyowoya, ndipo kanandi ŵanthu ŵavinjeru na ŵandyali ndiwo ŵakuyowoya. Cikaŵa ciyowoyero ca boma na ciyowoyero cakupharazgira ŵanthu ŵa mu vyaru vinyake, ico cikafuma ku muwuso wa ŵanthu ŵa ku Spain. Masambiro gha ku pulayimale na gha ku sekondare ghakusambizgika mu Ciphwitikizi, nangauli ŵana 67% pera ndiwo ŵakusambira. Vimanyikwiro vikulongora kuti ŵanthu awo ŵakuyowoya Ciphwitikizi ŵalipo pafupifupi 11 panji 15 peresenti. Kuyana na kafukufuku uyo wakachitika mu 2009, ŵanthu 27.1% awo ŵakakhalanga mu msumba uwu ŵakayowoya Chiphwitikizi icho chikaŵa cha chiyowoyero chawo yayi. Ŵanthu 44 pa ŵanthu 100 ŵaliwose ŵakuyowoya Ciphwitikizi. Ciyowoyero ici cikulutilira kupharazgika ndipo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakucimanya. Ndipouli, viyowoyero ivi vikupambana na viyowoyero vinyake chifukwa vikupambana na viyowoyero vinyake vya ku Portugal. Ku Guinea-Bissau kuli ciyowoyero ico cikuyowoyeka na ŵanthu ŵa ku Portugal.
Ŵanthu awo ŵakukhala ku mizi ŵakuyowoya viyowoyero vyakupambanapambana vya mu Africa ivyo vikuyowoyeka na ŵanthu ŵa mitundu yakupambanapambana: Fula (16%), Balanta (14%), Mandinka (7%), Manjak (5%), Papel (3%), Felupe (1%), Beafada (0.7%), Bijagó (0.3%), na Nalu (0.1%), izo ni viyowoyero ivyo ŵanthu ŵa mu Africa ŵakuyowoya. Ŵanandi awo ŵakuyowoya Ciphwitikizi na Cisemesi ŵakuyowoyaso ciyowoyero cinyake ca ku Africa na ciyowoyero ca Kriol. Viyowoyero vya mu Africa vikugongowa yayi nanga vingaŵa kuti ni viwemi waka. Viyowoyero ivi vikovwira kuti ŵanthu ŵa viyowoyero vyakupambanapambana ŵakolerane, ndipo vikuyowoyeka mu vikaya, ku ŵabwezi na ŵazengezgani, pa viphikiro na pa visopa, kweniso mu misumba na ku mizi. Ndipouli, pa viyowoyero vyose ivi, palije ico cikuyowoyeka comene mu Guinea-Bissau.
Ŵanthu ŵanandi ku Guinea-Bissau ŵakuyowoya Chifurenchi. Charu cha Guinea-Bissau chili na wanangwa wose wakuyowoya Chifurenchi.
Chisopo
Pa nkhani ya cisopa ca Ŵasilamu, lipoti la wupu wa Pew likati mu caru ca Guinea-Bissau mulije cisopa cakupambanapambana. Charu cha Guinea-Bissau chikapika ntchindi izi pamoza na vyaru vinyake vya kumwera kwa Sahara nga ni Tanzania, Uganda, Liberia, Nigeria, na Cameroon. Kafukufuku wa Pew uyu wakalongoraso kuti vyaru ivyo vikulongosora kuti vilije vimanyikwiro vya visopa vikusangika comene mu vyaru vya kumwera kwa Sahara. Lipoti linyake la Pew, la mutu wakuti The Future of World Religions, likayowoyerathu kuti kwambira mu 2010 m'paka mu 2050, Ŵasilamu ŵazamusazgikira ku Guinea-Bissau.
Ŵanandi awo ŵakukhala ku malo agha ŵali mu visopa vya Chisilamu na Chikhristu, ndipo ŵakulondezga visambizgo vya mu Afrika. Ŵasilamu ŵakukhala kumpoto na kumafumiro gha dazi, ndipo Ŵakhristu ŵakukhala kumwera na mumphepete mwa nyanja. Chalichi la Katolika ndilo likuyowoya kuti ndilo lili na Ŵakristu ŵanandi.
Lipoti la Dipatimenti ya Vyamalango ya ku United States la mu 2021 pa nkhani ya wanangwa wa visopa likuyowoya kuti ŵalongozgi ŵa visopa vyakupambanapambana ŵakugomezga kuti visopa ivi vikukolerana, kweni ŵakwenjerwa na kusazgikira kwa chisopa chautesi mu charu ichi. Mu Julayi 2022, tchalitchi la Katolika mu chigaŵa cha Gabú, icho ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakaŵa Ŵasilamu, likabwangandulika, ndipo ivi vikapangiska kuti Ŵakhristu ŵambe kufipa mtima kuti Ŵasilamu ŵanjirenge mu charu ichi. Ndipouli, pakaŵavya vinthu vyanthena ivi ivyo vikacitika, ndipo pakaŵavya vinthu vyakuti vikukolerana na Ŵasilamu ŵankhaza.
Masambiro
Ŵana ŵa vyaka 7 mpaka 13 ŵakwenera kusambira. Ŵana awo ŵali na vyaka vyapakati pa vitatu na vinkhondi na chimoza ŵakusambizgika yayi sukulu. Pali vigaŵa vinkhondi vya masambiro: masambiro gha ku pulayimale, masambiro gha pulayimale, masambiro gha pa sekondare, masambiro gha pa sekondare, masambiro gha pa yunivesite na masambiro ghapachanya. Maphunziro oyambira akusinthidwa, ndipo tsopano amapanga gawo limodzi, lokhala ndi zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi za maphunziro. Masambiro gha sekondale ghakusangika mu vigaŵa vinandi, ndipo pali vigaŵa viŵiri (vigaŵa 7 m'paka 9 na vigaŵa 10 m'paka 11). Maphunziro a ntchito mu mabungwe a boma sagwira ntchito, komabe sukulu zapadera zatsegulidwa, kuphatikizapo Centro de Formação São João Bosco (kuyambira 2004) ndi Centro de Formação Luís Inácio Lula da Silva (kuyambira 2011).
Masambiro ghapacanya ghakukwana yayi ndipo ŵanandi ŵakukhumba kuluta ku caru cinyake kuti ŵakasambire masambiro agha. Ŵasambiri ŵanandi ŵakukhumba kuluta ku Portugal. Ma yunivesite ghanandi, kusazgapo Faculty of Law na Faculty of Medicine, ghakusangika mu matawuni ghakupambanapambana.
Ŵana ŵakugwira nchito mwambura kwenelera. Ŵanyamata ndiwo ŵakulembeka comene kuluska ŵasungwana. Mu 1998, chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu awo ŵakalembeka pa sukulu ya pulayimale chikaŵa 53.5%, ndipo ŵanalume 67.7% ndiwo ŵakalembeka kuluska ŵanakazi (40%).
Masambiro gha pa sukulu ghakucitikira mu cikaya na kusambizga ŵanthu ŵalara. Mu 2011, ŵanthu awo ŵakamanyanga kuŵazga na kulemba ŵakaŵa 55.3% (68.9% ŵakaŵa ŵanalume, 42.1% ŵakaŵa ŵanakazi).
Conflicts
Kanandi, mitundu yakupambanapambana ya ku Guinea-Bissau yikukhala pamoza mwamtende, kweni para kwacitika nkhondo, yikwamba cifukwa ca kusanga malo ghakukhala.
Music
Nyimbo za ku Guinea-Bissau zikumanyikwa na sumu za gumbé, izo zikufuma ku vyaru vinyake. Ndipouli, cifukwa ca vivulupi na vinthu vinyake, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakutondeka kupulikiska sumu za gumba, nanga ni mu vyaru vya ku Africa.
Cikaŵa cinthu cakuzirwa comene ku ŵanthu ŵa ku Guinea-Bissau, ndipo cikagwiranga nchito pa kuvina mwaluŵiro comene. Mazgu gha sumu izi ghakulembeka mu ciyowoyero ca ku Guinea-Bissau, ciyowoyero ca ku Portugal, ndipo kanandi ghakuŵa ghakusekeska ndiposo ghakuyowoya nkhani izo zikucitika pa nyengo iyo.
Ivars d'Urgell
Ivars d'Urgell ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
Granyena de Segarra
Granyena de Segarra ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
Guinea-Bissau
Music
Lizgu lakuti gumbe nyengo zinyake likugwiriskirika nchito pa sumu zose za mu caru ici, nangauli lizgu ili likung'anamuraso sumu izo zikukolerana na mitheto ya ŵanthu ŵa mu caru ici. Tina na tinga ni mitundu yinyake yakumanyikwa comene, ndipo sumu izo zikupulikikwa pa viphikiro na pa viphikiro vinyake, nga ni Balanta brosca na kussundé, Mandinga djambadon, na sumu za kundere izo zikupulikikwa pa virwa vya Bissagos.
Cuisine
Kanandi ŵanthu ŵakutemwa kurya soups na stews. Vyakurya vinyake ivyo ŵakutemwa kurya ni vibama, mbatata, chivwati, mphoza, matamatisi, na mphoza. Vyakunoweskera vyakurya, vipepere, na chilli, kusazgapo mbuto za Aframomum melegueta (pepara la ku Guinea).
Mafilimu
Flora Gomes ni mulembi wa mafilimu wakumanyikwa pa charu chose. Mu 1988 Gomes wakapanga filimu ya Mortu Nega (Death Denied) iyo yikaŵa yakwamba kupangika ku Guinea-Bissau, ndipo yikaŵa yaciŵiri kupangika ku Guinea-Bissau. (Filimu yakwamba yikaŵa ya N ⁇ tturudu, ya Umban u ⁇ Kest [fr] mu 1987.) Pa ungano wa FESPACO mu 1989, Mortu Nega wakapokera njombe ya Oumarou Ganda. Mu 1992, Gomes wakapangiska filimu ya Udju Azul di Yonta, iyo yikaŵa mu chigaŵa cha Un Certain Regard pa 1992 Cannes Film Festival. Gomes walikuteŵeterapo pa mabungwe gha mafilimu agho ghakuwonelera mu vyaru vya mu Africa. Babetida Sadjo wakababikira ku Bafatá, Guinea-Bissau.
Sports
Ŵanthu ŵanandi ku Guinea-Bissau ŵakutemwa maseŵero gha bola. Timu ya mpira ya ku Guinea-Bissau yikupwelelereka na Federação de Futebol da Guinea-Bissau. Iwo ni membala wa Confederation of African Football (CAF) na FIFA.
External links
Government
Trade
Tourism
Health
GIS information
Zwettl
Zwettl ni msumba mu boma la Lower Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Anif
Anif ni msumba mu boma la Salzburg mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Hornstein, Austria
Hornstein, Austria ni msumba mu boma la Burgenland mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Guissona
Guissona ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
Granyanella
Granyanella ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
Anthering
Anthering ni msumba mu boma la Salzburg mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Juneda
Juneda ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
Josa i Tuixén
Josa i Tuixén ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
Granyena de les Garrigues
Granyena de les Garrigues ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
La Floresta, Lleida
La Floresta, Lleida ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
Ivorra
Ivorra ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
Altenmarkt im Pongau
Altenmarkt im Pongau ni msumba mu boma la Salzburg mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
La Baronia de Rialb
La Baronia de Rialb ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
Annaberg-Lungötz
Annaberg-Lungötz ni msumba mu boma la Salzburg mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Guimerà
Guimerà ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
La Coma i la Pedra
La Coma i la Pedra ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
Guixers
Guixers ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
Bischofshofen
Bischofshofen ni msumba mu boma la Salzburg mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Bad Gastein
Bad Gastein ni msumba mu boma la Salzburg mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
La Fuliola
La Fuliola ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
Abtenau
Abtenau ni msumba mu boma la Salzburg mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
L'Espluga Calba
L'Espluga Calba ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
La Guingueta d'Àneu
La Guingueta d'Àneu ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
La Granadella
La Granadella ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
Bad Vigaun
Bad Vigaun ni msumba mu boma la Salzburg mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Bramberg am Wildkogel
Bramberg am Wildkogel ni msumba mu boma la Salzburg mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
La Molsosa
La Molsosa ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
Bad Hofgastein
Bad Hofgastein ni msumba mu boma la Salzburg mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Adnet
Adnet ni msumba mu boma la Salzburg mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Bergheim, Austria
Bergheim, Austria ni msumba mu boma la Salzburg mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
La Granja d'Escarp
La Granja d'Escarp ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
Portal:Tanzania
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'' Articles here focus upon aspects of the Uganda–Tanzania War. These are all Good articles that meet a core set of high editorial standards. ''
Chitalu Chilufya
Chitalu Chilufya (wakababika pa 15 July 1972) ni dokotala na wandale wa ku Zambia. Pasono ni mphala ya chalo ya Mansa Central. Wakaŵa nduna ya vyaumoyo kufuma mu Ogasiti 2016 mpaka Januwale 2021.
Umoyo wake
Chilufya wakakulira ku Kaunda Square mu Lusaka. Wakasambira vya munkhwala pa Yunivesite ya Zambia ndipo wakagwiranga nchito ya udokotala. Wakasankhika kuŵa wakwimilira chipani cha Movement for Multi-Party Democracy kuti wakalimbane pa mpando wa Mansa Central mu chisankho cha 2011. Ndipouli, wakathereskeka na Kennedy Sakeni wa Patriotic Front. Sakeni wakafwa mu 2013 ndipo Chilufya wakasankhika kuŵa mukwantha wa Patriotic Front pa chisankho chakulondezgapo, nangauli chipani ichi chikamususka kuti ni munkhungu mu kampeni ya 2011, ndipo wakasankhika ku National Assembly na mavoti ghanandi gha 8,392.
Mu Febuluwale 2015 wakasankhika kuŵa Deputy Minister of Health. Wakati wasunga mpando wake mu ma 2016 general elections na kusazgirako unandi wake kufika pa 22,000, wakakwezgeka kuŵa Minister of Health.
Chilufya wali kutora ndipo wali na ŵana ŵaŵiri..
Ukaboni
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Benavent de Segrià
Kuyowoya
Msumba wa Benavent de Segrià uli pafupi na msewu uwo ukuyaniska Lleida na Albesa. Likukolerana na Vilanova de Segrià na munthavi uwo ukufuma ku Benavent.
Tikwenera kumanya kuti tili pa mtunda wa makilomita ghatatu kufuma ku Lleida (Torre-serona - Albesa exit), chigaŵa icho chili pa msewu ukuru uwo ukukolerana Lleida na Barcelona.
Vinyama na vyakumera
Benavent de Segrià wali mu chipalamba cha Lleida, ntheura vyakumera vyake vyasintha chomene chifukwa cha ivyo ŵanthu ŵakuchita. Malo agha ghali pa mtunda wa mamita 235 ndipo ghakutowa chomene. Mu viyuni ivi muli makuni ghanandi gha oak na makuni ghanyake gha oak (Quercus faginea), agho nyengo zose ghakuŵa na vyakumera vinandi. Mu vigaŵa vya malo ghakomira, makuni gha sclerophyllous nga ni tamarisk (Tamarix gallica ), argelaga (Ulex parviflorus ), rudder, retama (Retama sphaerocarpa) na alb thorn (Rhamnus lycioides ). Padera pa vyakumera ivi, tikusangaso vikaya vya mumphepete mwa nyanja ivyo vikwenda mwakugomezgeka na tumapayipi twakupelekera maji.
Viyuni navyo vikukolerana na ivyo ŵanthu ŵakuchita, lekani vikupambana na vyamoyo vinyake ivyo vikukhala mu misumba. Pa viyuni ivi, pali viyuni vitatu ivyo vikurya zuŵa na viŵiri ivyo vikurya usiku. Pa viyuni vikuruvikuru, mungasanga viyuni vinyake ivyo vikwiza ku malo agha (viyuni ivi ni viyuni vya Spurs, Grebes, na vinyake vya White Martins), viyuni vya Mallard na Moorhens. Viyuni vinyake ivyo mungaviwona mu malo agha ni viyuni vyakupambanapambana nga ni viyuni vyakumera, viyuni vyakumera, viyuni vyakumera, na vinyake. Viyuni ivi vikuwoneka viŵi yayi, kweni kanandi vikusangika mu viŵeto nga ni mphoyo, nkharamu, kalulu, nyerere, nyerere, na mphazi. Paumaliro tizamudumbiskana za vinyama ivyo vikwenda na viŵeto ivyo vikukhala mu malo agha. Pa visomba ivi pali visomba vya ku Iberia ivyo vikusangika kanandi waka, njoka za vitriol, njoka za mu maji, njoka za mu maji, na visomba vinyake vya mu viŵaya.
Bowling
Mpingo wa bowling ndiwo ukaŵa wa ku Catalonia maulendo ghatatu.
Chess
Chess uli na sukulu yikuru na magulu ghanandi gha mu vigaŵa vya Lleida.
Vinyake
Kweniso mu tawuni iyi muli Twirling Club.
Inonge Wina
Inonge Mutukwa Wina (wakababika pa 2 Epulero 1941) ni ndyali wa ku Zambia uyo wakaŵa wachiŵiri kwa purezidenti wa 13 wa Zambia kwambira 2015 mpaka 2021. Wakaŵa mwanakazi wakwamba kuŵa na udindo uwu, ndipo wakaŵa wa udindo wapachanya chomene mu mbiri ya boma la Zambia.
Msambilo
Wina wakasambira sukulu ya pulayimale ku Senanga, ku Barotse National School (sono ni Kambule Secondary School) ku Mongu. Paumaliro, wakamalizga masambiro ghake gha ku sekondare ku Santa Monica High School ku Los Angeles, California. Wakasambira vya wovwiri wa ŵanthu ku Santa Monica College. Kweniso wakalembeska masambiro gha Bachelor of Arts ku University of Zambia apo yikajulika kakwamba.
Uteŵeti wa mu chikaya
Mu kampeni ya Red Ribbon Campaign yakuvikilira dango la Zambia mu 2000, Wina wakalongozga gulu la ŵanakazi. Wina wakateŵeteraso mu mabungwe gha Refuge Services Zambia, Zambia Council of Social Services, University Teaching Hospital, na University of Zambia Council mu boma.
Ntchito ya ndale
Mu chaka cha 2001 Wina wakasankhika kuŵa mphala ya malango ya chigaŵa cha Nalolo pakuŵa munthu wakwendera chipani cha United Party for National Development. Wakasankhika kuŵa mulongozgi wa makomiti ghanandi, kusazgapo Komiti ya wanangwa wa ŵanthu (Human Rights Gender and Governance), na Women Parliamentary Caucus. Wina wakathereskaso mpando wake wa Nalolo pakuŵa mukhristu wa United Liberal Party mu mavoti gha 2006 gha purezidenti na gha chalo chose. Wakathereskeka ndipo wakapempha khoti likuru kuti limweruzge mulandu uwu. Wina wakathereskaso mpando wa Nalolo pa chisankho cha 2011, nyengo iyi pa tikiti ya Patriotic Front, ndipo wakathereska. Wina wakalembeka mu nduna zakwamba za President Michael Sata zakukwana 18 nga ni Minister of Chiefs and Traditional Affairs. Pa March 8, 2014, pa nyengo ya kukumbukira Zuŵa la Ŵanakazi pa Charu Chose, Sata wakasintha chigaŵa cha nduna ya ŵanalume na ŵanakazi kuŵa unduna wakufikapo ndipo pamanyuma wakasankha Wina kuŵa nduna ya vya wanalume na ŵanakazi.
La Pobla de Cérvoles
La Pobla de Cérvoles ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
Michael Sata
Michael Charles Chilufya Sata (6 Julayi 1937 - 28 Okutobala 2014) wakaŵa wandale wa ku Zambia uyo wakaŵa purezidenti wachisanu wa Zambia, kwambira pa 23 September 2011 mpaka nyifwa yake pa 28 October 2014. Munthu wa demokalase, Wakalongozga chipani cha Patriotic Front (PF), chipani chikuru mu Zambia. Pa nyengo ya muwuso wa President Frederick Chiluba, Sata wakaŵa nduna mu vyaka vya m'ma 1990 mu boma la Movement for Multiparty Democracy (MMD). Mu 2001, wakaluta ku chigaŵa chakususkana na boma, ndipo wakambiska chipani cha PF. Monga mtsogoleri wa chipani chotsutsa, Sata, yemwe amadziwika kuti "King Cobra" adawonekera ngati wotsutsa wotsutsa wotsutsa komanso mpikisano wa Purezidenti Levy Mwanawasa pa chisankho cha purezidenti cha 2006, koma adagonjetsa. Pamanyuma pa nyifwa ya Mwanawasa, Sata wakathereskeka na President Rupiah Banda mu 2008.
Pambuyo pa zaka khumi mu chipani chotsutsa, Sata adagonjetsa Banda, wolamulira, kuti apambane chisankho cha pulezidenti cha September 2011 ndi mavoti ambiri. Wakafwira ku London pa 28 Okutobala 2014, ndipo wakaleka Vice President Guy Scott kuŵa acting President mpaka apo mavoti gha president ghakachitikira pa 20 January 2015.
Vyaka vyakwambilira
Michael Charles Chilufya Sata wakababika pa 6 July 1937, ndipo wakakulira ku Mpika, Northern Province. Wakagwiranga nchito ya ŵapolisi, wa njanji, ndiposo wa vyamalonda mu nyengo ya muwuso wa ŵakoloni. Wakakhalako nyengo yicoko waka ku London, ndipo wakagwiranga nchito pa njanji. Mwaciyelezgero, wakaŵa wakuyegha katundu pa siteshoni ya sitima ya Victoria. Sata wakamba kunjilirapo pa ndyali ya Northern Rhodesia mu 1963. Pamanyuma pa kujithemba, wakakhira mu chipani cha United National Independence Party (UNIP) icho chikaŵa pa muwuso m'paka ku Lusaka mu 1985. Pakuŵa Kazembe, wakacita vinthu mwamahara. Wakatozga misewu, wakanozga misewu, na kuzenga vipata mu msumba. Pamasinda wakaŵa muphalamenda wa Kabwata ku Lusaka. Nangauli wakaŵa pafupi na pulezidenti Kenneth Kaunda, kweni wakakhuŵara na kawonekero ka Kaunda ndipo wakaleka chipani cha UNIP na kunjira chipani cha Movement for Multiparty Democracy (MMD) mu nyengo ya kampeni ya vyaru vinandi mu 1991.
Umoyo wa munthu
Nthengwa yakwamba ya Sata yikaŵa na Margaret Manda. Pamanyuma wakatora mwanakazi waciŵiri, Christine Kaseba, uyo wakazgoka First Lady wa Zambia mu nyengo iyo wakaŵa pulezidenti. Michael Sata wakaphalirika kuti wakaŵa na ŵana 10 pakati pa nthengwa zake ziŵiri.
Bruck an der Großglocknerstraße
Bruck an der Großglocknerstraße ni msumba mu boma la Salzburg mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Michael Sata
Umoyo wa munthu
Mu 2016, chokoro cha Sata, Christine Kaseba, wakakana ivyo mwanakazi munyake wakayowoya kuti nayo wakatengwa kwa Michael Sata.
Michael Sata wali na digiri ya Political Science kufuma ku Atlantic International University.
Ndyali yakwambilira
Frederick Chiluba wakati wathereska Kaunda mu 1991, Sata wakaŵa yumoza wa ŵanthu awo ŵakumanyikwa chomene mu Zambia. Pa nyengo ya MMD, wakaŵa nduna ya boma, ntchito na umoyo apo, wakayowoya kuti "masinthiro ghake ghakawovwira kuti umoyo wa ŵanthu uŵe makora".
Mu 1995, wakasankhika kuŵa nduna yambura ntchito, mulembi wa chipani icho nyengo yose iyi ndyali yake yikalongosoreka kuŵa "yakukoma"..
Kupangika kwa Patriotic Front
Mu 2001, purezidenti Chiluba wakasankha Levy Mwanawasa kuŵa mulongozgi wa MMD pa mavoti gha 2001. Pakukwenyelera, Sata wakafumamo mu MMD na kupanga chipani chiphya, Patriotic Front (PF). Wakaluta ku mavoti mu 2001, kweni wakachita makora yayi - chipani chake chikapokera mpando umoza pera mu nyumba ya malango. Sata wakazomera kuti wathereskeka ndipo wakalutizga kampeni.
Kusankhika kwa 2006 na pamanyuma pake
Sata wakathereska pa mavoti gha president mu September 2006 nga ni munthu uyo wakakhwimiska fundo za ŵakavu pakususkana na ndondomeko za Mwanawasa zakusintha chuma. Apo ŵanyake awo ŵakalindiliranga pa mavoti ŵakamba kumususka, mazgu gha Sata ghakaŵa ghakofya. Pa ungano unyake uwo wakacitapo, wakaphara kuti Sata wakadumurapo mphangwe pamaso pa ŵanthu awo ŵakamukhozganga. Kavuŵa aka kakang'anamuranga kuti Mwanawasa walije kuyowoya makora, cifukwa ca kupwetekeka pa ngozi ya galimoto mu 1992. Wakasoleka Mwanawasa kuti "wakuguliska" Zambia ku vyaru vinyake. Pakuzgora, caru ca China cikawofya kuti cikumazga ubwezi na Zambia usange wasankhika. Munthu uyo wakaŵa woko lamalyero la Sata pa kampeni iyi wakaŵa Dr. Guy Scott, mulembi mukuru wa Patriotic Front. Scott ni wandyali wa ku Zambia. Wakateŵeteranga mauteŵeti ghanandi mu boma la Chiluba. Sata nayo wakapokera wovwiri wa ŵanthu ŵa Chiluba.
Vinthu vyakwambilira ivyo vikawoneka pa mavoti vikapangiska kuti Sata ndiyo walongozge, kweni vinthu vinyake ivyo vikawoneka vikapangiska kuti Mwanawasa ndiyo waŵe pa malo ghakwamba ndipo Satana ndiyo wakaŵa wachitatu. Mavoti gha pakati pa nyengo agho ghakafumiskika pamanyuma pakuti mavoti gha 120 pa 150 ghawerengeka ghakaŵika Mwanawasa pa 42% ya mavoti; Hakainde Hichilema wakaŵa na 28%; ndipo Michael Sata wakaŵa na 27%. Apo ŵanthu ŵakususka boma ŵakapulika kuti Sata wafuma pa malo ghakwamba na kukhilira pa ghacitatu, mu Lusaka mukawuka vivulupi. Pa 2 Okutobala, wupu wa Zambia Electoral Commission ukati Mwanawasa ndiyo watonda pa chisankho ichi.
Sata wakakakika kukwambilira kwa mwezi wa Disembala, 2006, chifukwa cha kunanga katundu wake apo wakakhumbanga kuŵa pulezidenti mu Ogasiti, pamoza na milandu yinyake. Ŵapolisi ŵakamufumba mafumbo ndipo ŵakamufumiska pa bani. Usange wangasangika na mulandu, mphanyi wakakhala mu jele vyaka viŵiri. Pakuti wakaŵa wakukakika, wakatondekangaso kugwira nchito za boma. Sata wakati mulandu uwu ukaŵa wa ndyali, ndipo ku khoti wakazomera kuti walije mulandu. Pa Disembala 14, mulandu uwu ukalekeka cifukwa cakuti ndalama izo ŵakasanganga zikaŵa zaunenesko yayi.
Pa 15 March 2007, Sata wakafumiskika ku Malawi mwaluŵiro wati wafika. Sata wakati wakaluta ku Malawi kuti wakakumane na ŵamalonda pera, ndipo wakati boma la Zambia ndilo likapangiska kuti munthu uyu wafumiskike mu charu ichi. Boma la Zambia likakana, apo boma la Malawi likapeleka yayi cifukwa ico Sata wakacimbizgikira. Pa 6 Epulero, loya wa Sata wakayowoya kuti watolera boma la Malawi mulandu chifukwa cha kuswa wanangwa wake.
Pambuyo pa kutaya pasipoti yake ku London kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2007, Sata adapatsidwa ina; Komabe, pa 10 November 2007, Minister of Home Affairs Ronnie Shikapwasha adalengeza kuti pasipoti ya Sata idachotsedwa kwakanthawi chifukwa adapeza pasipoti yatsopano popanda kutsatira njira zofunikira ndikuwonetsa kuti amafunikira pasipoti yatsopano. Shikapwasha wakayowoya kuti ŵapolisi ŵalutilirenge na kufumiska mulandu uwu, kweniso kuti Sata wali kufumbika, ndipo wangakakika.
Sata wakasuzgika na nthenda ya mtima pa 25 Epulero 2008 ndipo wakatolekera ku chipatala cha Milpark ku Johannesburg, South Africa, uko ŵakayowoya kuti wali makora pa 26 Epulero. Wakakolerana na Pulezidenti Mwanawasa mu mwezi wa Meyi 2008.
Nyifwa ya Mwanawasa na mavoti gha 2008
Pambuyo pa Mwanawasa kudwala sitiroko ndipo adagonekedwa mchipatala ku France, Sata adakayikira zonena zaumoyo wa Mwanawasa pa 15 Julayi 2008, ndipo adapempha kuti gulu la madokotala litumizidwe ndi nduna kuti liwone Mwanawasa; gulu ili lidzaulula momwe Mwanawasa aliri. Mwanawasa wakafwa apo wakaŵa pa udindo wake mu Ogasiti 2008. Pa 25 Ogasiti, Sata wakayezga kuluta ku nyifwa ya Mwanawasa ku Chipata mu chigaŵa cha Eastern; kweni, Maureen Mwanawasa, chokoro cha Mwanawasa, wakalangura Sata kuti wafumeko, wakati wakapangiska ndyali pa chiphikiro ichi ndipo kuti wandaphemaniskanepo na mbumba ya Mwanawasa. Sata, uyo wakafumiskika pa malo agha na ŵavikiliri, wakati wakaŵa kwenekura kuti wakalilire Mwanawasa ndipo wakakhumbanga kuti walute na thupi la Mwanawasa apo likalutanga ku vigaŵa vikuruvikuru mu Zambia. Wakayowoyaso kuti Maureen Mwanawasa wakacita mwambura kwenelera.
Wupu Wakulongozga
Sata wakathemba kukhala purezidenti kachinayi pa chisankho icho chikachitika pa 20 September 2011. Mu nyengo yakwambilira ya kampeni iyi, wakayowoyanga mazgu ghakwimikana na ŵanthu ŵa ku China, kweni pamasinda wakachepeska mazgu ghake. Pa mavoti agho ghakawoneka, wakapokera mavoti pafupifupi 43% pa mavoti 36% gha Banda, ndipo Chief Justice Ernest Sakala wakapharazga kuti watonda pa mavoti agha mu maora ghakwambilira pa 23 September. Pa zuŵa ili, wakalapa. Ŵanthu ŵakatenge watonda cifukwa ca kuvota kwa ŵanthu ŵa mu tawuni iyi. Nangauli wakayowoya mwakuzika, kweni vinthu vikaŵa makora yayi ku Zambia chifukwa cha kutonda kwake.
Ndondomeko
Pa Seputembala 8, 2008, Sata wakayowoya kuti wavikilirenge ndalama za ku China usange wasankhika, ndipo wakaleka kutinkha ndalama za ku China izo wakayowoyapo pa nyengo ya kampeni ya 2006 ya ku mavoti.
Pa nyengo ya kampeni ya 2006 iyo wakaphalirika kuti wakayowoyapo vya pulezidenti wa Zimbabwe Robert Mugabe kuti "Mugabe wandachitepo kanthu kaheni. Awo ŵakumuwona kuti ni muheni ni ŵamazaza ŵa caru, ŵeneawo ŵakughanaghana kuti ni munthu muheni".
Mu 2008, wakayowoya kuti walekeskenge ŵamalonda ŵa ku vyaru vinyake para ŵakana kupulikira ulongozgi wake wakuti ŵapeleke viŵelengero vya 25% vya makampani ghawo ku ŵanthu ŵa ku Zambia.
Pa nyengo iyo wakapika mazaza gha purezidenti wa Zambia, Sata wakasimikizgira ŵamalonda ŵakufumila ku vyaru vinyake kuti mbakukondwa mu chalo chake, icho ni chalo cikuru chomene mu Africa cakupanga mkuwa, kweni wakati ŵakwenera kunozga vinthu ku ŵantchito ŵawo ŵa ku Zambia.
La Sentiu de Sió
La Sentiu de Sió ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
Michael Sata
Ulwari na nyifwa
Pa Okutobala 19, wakafumamo mu charu ichi kuti wakawone umo waliri, ndipo wakasiyira Edgar Lungu, Minisita wa vya Vyankhondo, kuti ndiyo walongozgenge charu ichi. Pakughanaghanira umo vinthu vikaŵira, kusazgapo kuti ulendo uwu ukacitika mwamabuci, umo Sata wakawonekera yayi pa wumba, kweniso kuti zuŵa lakwamba la 50 la wanangwa wa Zambia likaŵa pafupi kukwana, ŵanandi ŵakagomezga kuti Sata wakalwara comene.
Sata wakafwa pa 28 Okutobala mu London. Wakalwaranga nthenda yinyake iyo yikumanyikwa yayi. Mulara wa boma Roland Msiska wakayowoya kuti wakafwa usiku. Nga ni umo mukumanyira, pulezidenti wakapokera wovwiri wa munkhwala ku London. Mulara wa boma wakafwa pa Okutobala 28. Tikudandawura comene na nyifwa ya Pulezidenti Sata. Ŵanthu wose ŵazamupokera ulongozgi pa nkhani ya kusungika". Apo wakafwira pa 23:00 mu King Edward VII Hospital, muwoli wake, Christine Kaseba, mwana wake Mulenga, na ŵabali ŵanyake ŵakaŵa nayo panyengo iyi. Iyo ni purezidenti waciŵiri wa Zambia uyo wafwa pa udindo wake, pamanyuma pa nyifwa ya Levy Mwanawasa vyaka vinkhondi na cimoza kumasinda mu 2008. Mubali Guy Scott, uyo wakaŵa wachiŵiri kwa pulezidenti, ndiyo wakaŵa mulongozgi wakudumura m'paka pa nyengo ya mavoti. W. de Klerk mu caru ca Apartheid ku South Africa.
Vinthu vya mu charu
Rupiah Banda, uyo wakaŵako pambere Sata wandaŵepo, wakati: "Sata wakaŵa waka muteŵeti wa boma yayi. Wakaŵa munthu wakutemwa kuphalizgana, wakugomezgeka, ndiposo wakughanaghana makora. Kweniso wakaŵa mwana wane wacitemwa, mfumu wane, dada wane, ndiposo mubwezi wane, nangauli tikaŵa na masuzgo ghanandi. Kweni chakuzirwa comene nchakuti Michael Sata wakaŵa wa ku Zambia, mu thupi, mzimu, na maghanoghano. Tili kujumphapo kale mu suzgo ili, ndipo tili kujumpha cifukwa cakuti tili ŵakukolerana. Mphanyi iyi yaŵa nyengo yakuti tileke maghanoghano agho ghakutipatura, na kuzomera ŵanthu na kuzirwa uko kukutikolerana nga ni caru ndiposo uko kukutipanga ŵanthu".
Mark Chona, uyo wakaŵa movwiri wapadera wa Kenneth Kaunda, pulezidenti wakwamba wa Zambia, wakati: "Tili na citima comene cifukwa wakaŵa pulezidenti na mulongozgi uyo wakalimbikiranga nchito. Wakaŵa wakunweka comene na cilicose ico wakakhumbanga kucita".
Charu chose
Boma la South Africa (ilo Mulara wa boma Scott wakaŵa kuti walichitira nkhaza pakumuchema kuti "wakulopwa") likayowoyapo kuti: "Purezidenti Sata wali mu gulu la ŵalongozgi awo ŵakafuma ku Zambia mu nyengo ya ukoloni ndipo wakalutilira kulimbana na ukoloni. Nyifwa yake yikukumbuska ŵanthu ŵa ku South Africa za kujipeleka kwa Zambia ndiposo mulimo wake wa kuwusa caru ca Africa".
Pulezidenti wa ku Kenya, Uhuru Kenyatta, wakati Sata ni "mwana wakuzirwa comene wa ku Africa".
La Portella
La Portella ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
Michael Sata
Charu chose
Philip Hammond, mulembi wa vyaru vinyake wa Britain, uyo kale wakaŵa muwusi wa Zambia, wakati: "[Sata] wakaŵa na udindo ukuru comene mu caru cake kwa vilimika 30...ndipo paumaliro wakaŵa pulezidenti".
La Pobla de Segur
La Pobla de Segur ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
Dorfbeuern
Dorfbeuern ni msumba mu boma la Salzburg mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Dienten am Hochkönig
Dienten am Hochkönig ni msumba mu boma la Salzburg mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Eben im Pongau
Eben im Pongau ni msumba mu boma la Salzburg mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
La Seu d'Urgell
La Seu d'Urgell ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
Les Valls de Valira
Les Valls de Valira ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
Les Oluges
Les Oluges ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
Elixhausen
Elixhausen ni msumba mu boma la Salzburg mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Dorfgastein
Dorfgastein ni msumba mu boma la Salzburg mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Elsbethen
Elsbethen ni msumba mu boma la Salzburg mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Les Valls d'Aguilar
Les Valls d'Aguilar ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
New Caledonia
New Caledonia malo agho ghakusangika kummwera kwa manjililo gha dazi gha nyanja ya Pacific mu chigawa cha France.
La Torre de Cabdella
La Torre de Cabdella ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
Lladurs
Lladurs ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.
Lladorre
Lladorre ni muzi uwo ukusangika mu Chigaŵa cha Lleida mu malo ghakulu gha Catalonia mu charu cha Spain.