cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Jan Matthew Schoffeleers
Sayansi ya vya cisopa
Nakuti ŵanthu ŵakatenge M'Bona wakaŵa chiuta wa milonga panji mzimu uwo ukakhalanga mu malo gha Zambezi na milonga yake. Mzimu wa M'Bona ukaŵa wakukolerana na njoka, iyo yikaŵa cigaŵa ca mitheto ya ku Africa iyo yikayowoyanga za nkhondo pakati pa nombo, iyo yikimiranga ŵaleza na chigumula, na njoka yakuchemeka python, iyo yikimiranga ciŵingavula na vula zinandi, kwambura chigumula panji chilangalanga. Vingachitika yayi kuti pakwamba pakaŵa chisopa chimoza cha M'Bona icho chikaŵa na ŵakavuŵa ŵanandi pa malo ghakupambanapambana. Msambiri uyu wakakayikiraso usange kukaŵa ufumu wankhongono wa Lundu mu 1600.
Schoffeleers wakazgora ivyo Wrigley wakayowoya kuti nthano na mbiri yakale vikupambana yayi, kweni vingaŵa pamoza, mwakuti M·Bona wangaŵa munthu wa mdauko kweniso njoka. Wakayowoyaso kuti mabuku agho ghakalembeka na ŵanthu ŵa ku Portugal ghakaŵa ghachoko chomene ndipo ŵakamanyanga vinandi yayi vya ndyali panji chisopa cha ku Africa.
Nyau ni zina la ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakukhala mu Malaŵi na Mozambiki. Ŵanthu aŵa ŵakwimba maseŵero ghakuvwara vikozgo, ndipo kanandi ŵakwimba pa viphikiro ivyo vikuchitika para munthu wafwa. Kufuma waka apo Malawi wakapokera wanangwa, ŵanthu ŵakwimba sumu ya Gule Wamkulu pa viphikiro vya caru. Mu 1975, ŵanthu ŵakaghanaghananga kuti pakaŵa magulu gha Nyau pafupifupi 500, agho ghakaŵa pa muzi ndipo pakaŵavya boma lakuŵawovwira. Cinthu cikuru comene pa kuvina uku nkhugwiliskira nchito viswaswa vyakwenelera kuvina, kusazgapo viswaswa vya ŵanthu na vinyama. Kuyana na umo Schoffeleers* wakughanaghanira, fundo ya chisopa iyo yikovwira ŵanthu kuti ŵawonenge makora vyamoyo ni umo ŵanthu ŵakukolerana na vyamoyo vinyake.
Wakayowoyaso kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa mtundu wa Nyau ŵakaŵa ŵakujiyimira paŵekha. Ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Nyau ŵakutinkha chomene Tchalitchi la Katolika nga umo ŵakutinkhira visambizgo vyake. Nangauli Schoffeleers wakalembapo vinandi yayi vyakukhwaskana na kuwusika na mizimu. Nkhani ya Phil. Wakalutilira kutemwa nkhani iyi. Munyake uyo wakaŵa mubwezi wake wakayowoya kuti wakawona nadi mzimu uwo ukazgoka thupi, ndipo wakati mizimu na visuzgo vya mizimu ni vyaunenesko, ni viyelezgero waka yayi. Schoffeleers wali na maghanoghano ghambura kwenelera, wakuzomerezga kuti ivyo munthu wakuwona vikuchitika nadi, kweni wakumanya yayi uko vikufuma..
Mizi/Kaunti/Maboma ghamu Kenya
Mizi/Kaunti/Maboma ghamu Kenya ni mndandanda wa maboma ghakusangika mu charu cha Kenya.Agha ghakuchemekaso kuti ma kaunti.
Jan Matthew Schoffeleers
Mbiri ya ŵanthu na ŵanthu
Nga umo vikaŵira na ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakasambira vya ŵanthu cha m'ma 1900, Schoffeleers nayo wakawona kuti ivyo wakalemba vikaŵa vyaunenesko. Wakakhozgera fundo za Ranger yakuti kusanda chisopa cha ku Africa na maluso ghake ndiposo mitheto iyo ŵanthu ŵakuyowoya, vingawovwira kuti vinthu ivyo vikachitika kale viŵeso makora. Wakalemba mabuku ghakulongosora vya visopa vyautesi mu Malaŵi, Zambia, na Zimbabwe. Ndipouli, ŵanthu ŵakasuska fundo iyi chifukwa ŵakaghanaghananga kuti ntchakubudika kugwiliskira ntchito mabuku gha mulomo.
Schoffeleers wakususka fundo yakuti nthano zakwambilira izo zikusungika nga ni mbiri ya mulomo, kanandi zikusintha kuti zikolerane na kusintha kwa ndyali na umoyo wa ŵanthu. Wakalongosora umo nkhani iyi yikenderanga apo wakayaniskanga nkhani ziŵiri zakususkana izo zikuyowoyeka mu Baibolo kuti wazakazengerepo nkhani yinyake iyo yikulongora kuti ŵanthu ŵa Lundu ŵakaleka kusopa ŵachiuta awo ŵakupangiska vula.
Pamanyuma pa vyaka vyakujumpha 30 vya kusanda chisopa na nkhani ya M?? Bona, Schoffeleers wakalongosora mu 1992, umo wakalongosolera kuti vyose ivi vikafuma ku kusintha kwa ndyali za ku Portugal ku Zambezia mu vyaka vya m'ma 1590 apo, m'malo mwa kugwira ntchito pasi pa kuvikilirika na ŵalongozgi ŵa ku malo agha, ŵakakhazikiska vigaŵa vyakukhora vya ku Portugal. Ŵasilikari ŵa ku Africa awo ŵakagwiranga nchito na Ŵapwitikizi ndipo ŵakacemekanga kuti Zimba, ŵakaparanya malo agho ŵanthu ŵakakanizgikiranga, kusazgapo malo ghakupatulika. Iyo wakati ŵanthu aŵa ŵakakhazikiska maufumu ghakuru chomene mu chigaŵa ichi kwa vyaka 30, kusazgapo ufumu unyake uwo mulongozgi wake wakaŵa Lundu.
Ndipouli, ŵalongozgi ŵacilendo ŵa ku Lundu ŵakaŵavya cakuyowoya na mizimu ya caru ico ŵakaparanya, ntheura ŵanthu ŵakwambilira ŵakawonanga muwuso wawo kuŵa wambura kuzomerezgeka. Malo ghakale agha ghakaŵa malo ghakwimako nkhondo, ndipo Lundu wakwamba wakati wathereskeka mu 1622 na Ŵapwitikizi na ŵabwezi ŵawo, malo agha ghakazengekaso. Ndipouli, likalutilira yayi kuŵa malo ghakupatulika gha Ciuta Wapachanya Nkhanira uyo wakawoneka nga ni njoka, kweni likaŵa malo ghakupatulika gha M·Bona, munthu uyo wakafwa cifukwa ca cipulikano cake. Schoffeleers wakutemwa kulongosora kuti M·Bona ni munthu uyo wakusuzgika.
Matchalitchi gha Zionisiti mu South Africa
IMu 1991 Schoffeleers wakalemba nkhani yakukhwaskana na matchalitchi gha Ciziyoni mu South Africa iyo yikususkana na ivyo Jean Comaroff wakayowoya kuti, nangauli maluso gha matchalitchi agha ghakaŵa na cigaŵa cilicose yayi pa ndyali mu South Africa, kweni ghakawovwira comene pakususkana na muwuso wa ŵanakazi ŵatuŵa. Kuyana na umo iyo wakuwonera, matchalitchi gha Ciyonizimu ghakanenanga mazaza gha boma la South Africa mwa kukana mbiri iyo ŵamazaza ŵakufuma ku vyaru vinyake ŵakaŵakanizga.
Oberwang
Oberwang ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Jan Matthew Schoffeleers
Matchalitchi gha Zionisiti mu South Africa
Buku la Schoffeleers likati Comaroff wakasazgirako fundo ya kususka kujumpha pa ng'anamuro lake. Nangauli wakazomerezga kuti matchalitchi ghanyake agho ghakafuma ku Africa ghakaŵa na nkharo ya ndyali kweniso ghakaŵa malo ghakwimako nkhondo, kweni wakawona kuti ivi vikaŵa vyambura kwenelera. Wakayowoya kuti visopa vya Ciziyoni vikaŵa vyakukolerana yayi na boma la South Africa chifukwa cha kopa kugaluka. Nkhani yake yikaŵa yakukwesana, ndipo yikapangiska kuti Schoffeleers watambuzgike pa maungano ghanandi, comenecomene cifukwa cakuti ivyo wakayowoya vikaŵa vyambura kwenelera panji vya ndyali.
Mbiri ya chigaŵa
Mu 1987, Schoffeleers wakalongosora mwakudumura mbiri ya Shire Valley ya kuumaliro wa vyaka vya m'ma 1500 na kukwambilira kwa m'ma 1700. Ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakaghanaghananga kuti malonda gha njovu na ŵamalonda Ŵasilamu awo ŵakakhalanga mumphepete mwa nyanja mu chigaŵa cha Nampula na mu chigaŵa cha Zambezia, ghakawovwira kuti ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Maravi ŵambe kulamulira mu chigaŵa icho ŵakakhalanga vyaka vinandi. Ŵanthu ŵakayowoya kuti nkhondo izo zikachitika pakati pa vyaru ivi, kweniso kusintha kwa ndyali pakati pa 1570 na 1640, vikacitika cifukwa cakuti Ŵapwitikizi na ŵabwezi ŵawo ŵa ku Africa ŵakalekeska malonda agha.
Ndipouli, pali ukaboni unyake wakulongora kuti ŵanthu ŵa ku Maravi ŵakakhalanga mu vigaŵa vya Shire na Central Zambezi pambere vyaka vya m'ma 1500 vindafike, kweniso kuti ŵakaguliskanga njovu na Ŵasilamu ŵa mumphepete mwa nyanja. Mabuku ghakwambilira ghakulongosora vya chigaŵa ichi ghalipo bweka yayi, nangauli ŵasembe ŵanandi ŵa ku Portugal awo ŵakagwiranga ntchito ku malo agha ŵakalembapo nkhani izo zikulongora kuti ŵanthu ŵa ku Makua ndiwo ŵakaguliskanga njovu.
Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1500 na m'ma 1700, magulu ghanandi ghakanjira mu charu cha Zambezi. Ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵa ku Zimba ŵakwenera kuti ŵakaŵa ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Maravi awo ŵakendanga mu magulu ghachoko waka, awo ŵakalongozgekanga na ŵalongozgi ŵachoko, kweni ŵakakumananga na Ŵapwitikizi m'malo mwa kuchita malonda na Ŵasilamu ŵa mumphepete mwa nyanja. Mazgu ghakwambilira agho ghakuyowoya za zina la ufumu wa Lundu ghakalembeka mu 1614.
Schoffeleers wakuzomerezga kuti boma la Maravi likapangika cifukwa ca malonda gha njovu yayi, kweni wakagomezganga kuti maboma ghanandi ghakaŵako mu hafu yachiŵiri ya vyaka vya m'ma 1500 ndipo ghakathandazgika mwaluŵiro mu 1572, apo Ŵapwitikizi ŵakamba kuzenga vigongwe mu Dambo la Zambezi. Nkhani yake yakuti Zimba wakaŵako kumpoto kwa mlonga wa Zambezi mu 1592 yikukolerana na mabuku ghanyake agho ghakalembeka mu nyengo iyo, kweni wakayowoya kuti Lundu wakaŵa munthu wankhongono chomene mu 1590 C.E., nangauli palije buku ilo likuyowoyapo.
Chifukwa chakwamba icho Schoffeleers wakalongosolera fundo iyi ntchakuti Ŵazimba, awo ŵanthu ŵa ku Portugal ŵakaŵamanya kuti ŵakanjira mu Dambo la Zambezi mu 1590, ŵakaŵa ŵasilikari awo ŵakanozgeka na Lundu wakwamba na kuŵatuma kuti ŵakomere ŵanthu ŵa ku Portugal. Nangauli wakuzomerezga kuti palije ukaboni wakuti pali kukolerana uku, kweni Schoffeleers wakuzunura ivyo ŵanthu ŵakayowoya mu 1907, kuti gulu linyake ilo likaparanya chigaŵa cha pakati pa Zambezi pa nyengo yinyake likaŵa Ŵazimba. Cifukwa caciŵiri nchakuti, wakayaniska nkhani yinyake ya mu Baibolo yakukhwaskana na Lundu, iyo yikuyowoya kuti wali na nkhongono zakupangiska vula, na nkhani ya umo wasembe wa ku Portugal wakacitira mu 1608. Vyose ivi vikulongora kuti mu 1590 C.E. kukaŵavya boma la Lundu, ndipo Schoffeleers wakuzomerezga kuti Ŵamaravi awo Ŵapwitikizi ŵakakolerananga nawo mu vyaka ivi ŵakaŵa ŵekha. Ndipouli, wakayowoya kuti mu vyaka 20 ivyo vyajumpha, chigaŵa cha Lundu chikaŵa kutali chomene na ŵanthu ŵa ku Portugal.
Umoyo wasono
Wakati wapumura pa nchito mu 1989, Schoffeleers wakakhalanga mu msumba wa Leiden, ndipo wakalutilira kucita kafukufuku na kulemba nkhani. Mu 2001, ŵakamusanga na nthenda ya Alzheimer ndipo mu 2006 wakaleka nyumba yake ku Leiden na kusamira ku muzi wa Montfort ku Maastricht, kumwera kwa Netherlands. Matthew Schoffeleers wakafwa mu Maastricht pa 24 Epulero 2011.
Ukaboni
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São Vicente, Madeira
São Vicente, Madeira ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Kasangombe, Wakiso
Kasangombe ni msumba mu Chigaŵa cha Pakati, mu charu cha Uganda.
Bahçe, Karataş
Bahçe, Karataş ni msumba mu boma la Karataş mu chigaŵa chikulu cha Adana mu charu cha Turkey mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Cape Girardeau County, Missouri
Cape Girardeau County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Carroll County, Missouri
Carroll County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Maliq
Maliq ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Korçë mu charu cha Albania mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
São Vicente de Alfena
São Vicente de Alfena ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Gasconade County, Missouri
Gasconade County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Sokoto State, Nigeria
Sokoto  ni zina la nthantha (state) iyo ikusangika mu charu cha Nigeria,ku manjililo gha dazi gha nthunthu la Afilika.Ndimoza mwa nthantha 36 izo zili mu Nigeria.
Franklin County, Missouri
Franklin County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Oepping
Oepping ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Niger State, Nigeria
Niger  ni zina la nthantha (state) iyo ikusangika mu charu cha Nigeria,ku manjililo gha dazi gha nthunthu la Afilika.Ndimoza mwa nthantha 36 izo zili mu Nigeria.
Alfena
Alfena ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Pogradec
Pogradec ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Korçë mu charu cha Albania mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Offenhausen, Austria
Offenhausen, Austria ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Taraba State, Nigeria
Taraba   ni zina la nthantha (state) iyo ikusangika mu charu cha Nigeria,ku manjililo gha dazi gha nthunthu la Afilika.Ndimoza mwa nthantha 36 izo zili mu Nigeria.
Oftering
Oftering ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Isaka, Uganda
Isaka ni msumba mu Chigaŵa cha Pakati, mu charu cha Uganda.
Kolonjë
Kolonjë ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Korçë mu charu cha Albania mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Dunklin County, Missouri
Dunklin County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Sardoal
Sardoal ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Wajir County, Kenya
Wajir ni boma ilo likusangika mu chigaŵa cha kale cha North Eastern mu charu cha Kenya.Ukulu wa malo ni 55,840.6 km2 .Unandi wa ŵanthu mu chaka cha 2019 ukaŵa 781,263.Msumba ukulu ni Wajir.
Douglas County, Missouri
Douglas County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Bebeli, Karataş
Bebeli, Karataş ni msumba mu boma la Karataş mu chigaŵa chikulu cha Adana mu charu cha Turkey mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Moniteau County, Missouri
Moniteau County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Sátão
Sátão ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Ohlsdorf, Austria
Ohlsdorf, Austria ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Seixo da Beira
Seixo da Beira ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Devoll (municipality)
Devoll (municipality) ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Korçë mu charu cha Albania mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Sendim
Sendim ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Namusera
Namusera ni msumba mu Chigaŵa cha Pakati, mu charu cha Uganda.
Mjirila Mfupi
Mjilira mfupi (tisheti), ni malaya agho ghakachemeka nthena chifukwa cha kawonekero kathupi na monjilamawoko mwa lilaya ilo. Kanandi yikuŵa na monjila mawoko mufupi na monjila singo mozingilila. Minjilira yifupi yikupangika na salu zakukhazikika, zakupepuka, na zakudura yayi. Minjilira yifupi iyi yikamba kufuma ku malaya ghapachanya agho ŵakagwiliskiranga ntchito mu vyaka vya m'ma 1800, ndipo pakati pa vyaka vya mʼma 1900, ŵakamba kugwiliskira ntchito malaya ghapachoko.
Ostermiething
Ostermiething ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Kukës County
Kukës County ni msumba mu charu cha Albania mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
DeKalb County, Missouri
DeKalb County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Ort im Innkreis
Ort im Innkreis ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Dent County, Missouri
Dent County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Ottenschlag im Mühlkreis
Ottenschlag im Mühlkreis ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Kapı, Karataş
Kapı, Karataş ni msumba mu boma la Karataş mu chigaŵa chikulu cha Adana mu charu cha Turkey mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Mpunga, DR Congo
Mpunga ni msumba mu North Kivu, DR Congo.
Sernancelhe
Sernancelhe ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Sertã
Sertã ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Kuwukila kwa ŵantchito ku Copperbelt (1935)
Pa Meyi 29, 1935, ŵanthu ŵa ku Africa awo ŵakagwiranga nchito mu migodi ku Copperbelt Province, Northern Rhodesia (sono ni Zambia), ŵakaleka nchito cifukwa ca msonkho uwo boma la Britain likapeleka. Mu chigaŵa ichi muli migodi yinayi yikuru ya mkuwa: Mufulira, Nkana na Roan Antelope. Pafupi na malo agha, ŵapolisi ŵakakoma ŵanthu 6 ndipo ungano ukamara. Nangauli ŵakatondeka, kweni uwu ukaŵa ungano wakwamba wa vyamalonda ku Northern Rhodesia, ndipo ŵanji ŵakuti uwu ukaŵa ungano wakwamba wakususkana na ufumu wa atsamunda. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa mu tawuni iyi ŵakaghanaghanirapo chomene nkhani iyi, ndipo yikapangiska kuti paŵe mawupu gha ŵantchito na ndyali za ku Africa.
Ku Africa nako kukacitika vinthu vinyake ivyo vikasintha comene ndyali za boma la Britain. Nkhondo iyi yikaŵapa mwaŵi ŵamishonale kuti ŵachitire lumoza na mawupu gha migodi kuti ŵasambizge ŵanthu Baibolo na kuŵawovwira. Pakughanaghanira kuti mtengo wa mkuŵa uzamukhira, boma likapangaso ndondomeko ya kovwira ŵabali ŵa ŵanthu awo ŵakagwiranga nchito mu misumba.
Ukoloni ku Northern Rhodesia
Chigaŵa cha Copperbelt chikaŵa ku Northern Rhodesia uko kukaŵa mkuŵa unandi. Cecil John Rhodes, munthu wa ku Britain uyo wakazenga ufumu, ndiyo wakawovwira kuti Britain yambe kusakatuka kumpoto kwa mlonga wa Limpopo na kunjira mu chigaŵa cha kumwera kwa Africa. Mu 1895, Rhodes wakapempha Frederick Russell Burnham, uyo wakaŵa wakuwona vya charu cha America, kuti wapenje tumaji na nthowa zakwendeskera milonga. Rhodes wakawovwira kuti Britain yiŵe na mazaza mu cigaŵa ici cifukwa ca kupoka mazaza gha migodi ku ŵalongozgi ŵa ku malo agha. Pa June 11, 1891, ku Lisbon, United Kingdom na Portugal ŵakasazgirako mphaka pakati pa vyaru ivyo vikalongozgekanga na British South Africa Company (BSAC). Chikaŵaso mphaka pakati pa chigaŵa cha kumpoto cha Rhodesia (sono ni Zambia) icho chikaŵa pasi pa boma la BSAC na Angola, nangauli mphaka na Angola yikaŵako yayi. Mphaka ya kumpoto ya chigaŵa cha Britain ku North-Eastern Rhodesia na British Central Africa Protectorate yikakolerana mu phangano la Anglo-German la mu 1890, ilo likakhazikiskaso mphaka (yifupi chomene) pakati pa North-Western Rhodesia na German South-West Africa, sono ni Namibia. Mphaka pakati pa Congo Free State na Britain yikakhazikiskika na phangano la mu 1894, nangauli pakaŵa vinyake ivyo vikasintha m'ma 1930. Mphaka pakati pa British Central Africa Protectorate na North-Eastern Rhodesia yikakhazikiskika mu 1891 pa malo ghakupambana pakati pa Lake Malawi na Luangwa River, ndipo mphaka pakati pa North-Western Rhodesia na Southern Rhodesia yikazgoka Zambezi River mu 1898. Northern Rhodesia yikaŵa pasi pa BSAC mpaka mu 1924, apo yikazgoka cigaŵa ca Ufumu wa Britain.
Kugwira Ntchito M'migodi
Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1900, ŵanthu ŵakasanga maji ghanandi gha mkuwa (copper sulfide) ndipo ichi chikapangiska kuti mabungwe ghakurughakuru gha migodi ghasange ndalama ku Northern Rhodesia. Bungwe la Anglo American Corporation ndilo likaŵa na mazaza pa charu cha South Africa. Mu chaka chenechicho, Anglo American yikasanga mgodi wa Nkana ku Kitwe na kupanga kampani ya Rhodesian Anglo American. Pakuti kampani ya BSAC yikagura masheya gha kampani ya Rhodesian Anglo American, kampani iyi yikaŵa na masheya ghanandi. Kuzakafika mu 1930, kampani ya Chester Beatty yakuchemeka Rhodesian Selection Trust na Ernest Oppenheimer yakuchemeka Anglo-American Corporation, yikaŵa na mazaza pa migodi yinandi ya mu chigaŵa ichi. Mu 1931, migodi ya Roan Antelope na Nkana yikamba kupanga visomba.
Chitukuko
Chifukwa cha kuguliska migodi, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa ku Africa ŵakasamukira ku chigaŵa ichi. Makampani gha migodi ghakawovwira kuti ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga mumphepete mwa njanji za ku Northern Rhodesia ŵakhalenge makora, ndipo ŵanthu ŵazungu ŵakizanga kufuma ku South Africa. Ŵazungu ŵakaŵacitiranga nkhaza comene ŵanthu ŵa ku Africa ndipo ŵakaŵakanizganga kugwira nchito mu migodi. Cifukwa cakuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakizanga mu cigaŵa ici, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakakhalanga mu malo agha kwambura kunozgekera. Boma la BSAC likapeleka msonkho ku ŵanthu wose awo ŵakasamukira ku vyaru vinyake mu 1901 ku North-Eastern Rhodesia na pakati pa 1904 na 1913 ku North-Western Rhodesia. Msonkho uwu ukaŵa ukuru comene (mu vigaŵa vinyake ukaŵa malipiro gha myezi yinkhondi na umoza), ndipo ukaŵa wakovwira kuti ŵanthu ŵaŵe na ngongoli zinandi na kusanga ndalama zakwendeskera migodi yinyake. Ŵapolisi ŵa ku Britain ŵakathereska ŵanthu awo ŵakakwiya cifukwa ca kukwezgeka kwa misonkho. Kugwiliskira nchito msonkho uwu kukawovwira kuti ŵanthu ŵagwirenge nchito na kukhozga ŵantchito awo ŵakagwiranga migodi mu vyaka vya m'ma 1920 apo ŵakagwiranga nchito iyi. Kampani iyi yikatondekanga kusanga malipiro ghachoko chifukwa chakuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakusamukira ku vyaru vinyake. Ŵaganyu ŵa ku Africa ŵakaŵa na masuzgo ghakuru ghatatu: malipiro ghacoko comene pakuyaniska na gha ŵanthu ŵa ku Europe, ŵakakanizgika kugwira nchito mu migodi iyo yikaŵa ya ŵanthu ŵa ku Europe nangauli ŵakaŵa na maluso ghapacanya, kweniso ŵakaŵacitiranga nkhaza.
Nyengo ya suzgo yikuru ya vyachuma (1929-35) yikapangiska kuti mitengo ya mkuŵa mu Europe yichepe chomene. Mu Febuluwale 1931, migodi ya ku Mkubwa yikajalika, ndipo mu myezi yakulondezgapo, migodi ya Chamishi, Nchanga, na Mulfira yikajalika. Pa nyengo iyi, nchito ya kuzenga ku migodi ya Roan Antelope na Nkana yikaŵa pafupi kumara, ndipo ici cikapangiska kuti paŵe ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵambura nchito. Mu 1930, migodi iyi yikagwiranga nchito ŵanthu 31,941. Ŵantchito ŵanandi ŵa ku Africa awo ŵakaŵa ŵambura nchito ŵakakhalako m'malo mwa kuwelera ku vikaya vyawo. Mu nyengo ya pakati pa 1931 na 1932, ŵanthu ŵa ku Europe awo ŵakakhalanga mu cigaŵa ici ŵakakhira na 25 peresenti. Mu 1935, boma la Northern Rhodesia likawuskako misonkho ya mu matawuni ghaŵiri na kuchepeskako ku vigaŵa vya ku mizi kuti lileke kusuzgika maghanoghano chifukwa cha suzgo la ndalama. Khoti likadumura kuti msonkho uwu ukhazikiskike mu Meyi (kwambira pa Janyuwale 1) pamanyuma pakuti boma lasayinira dango lakusintha msonkho wa ŵanthu ŵa ku Canada..
Kuwukila
Mu chigaŵa ichi muli migodi yinayi yikuru ya mkuwa: Mufulira, Nkana na Roan Antelope. Mulenji wa Meyi 21, 1935, ŵapolisi ku Mulfulira ŵakapharazga kuti misonkho yikukwera kufuma pa mashilingi 12 kufika pa 15 pa caka. Ŵaganyu awo ŵakagwiranga nchito mu migodi ya mulenji ŵakakana kunjira pasi. Gulu ili likalongozgekanga na ŵanthu ŵatatu ŵakufuma ku Northern Province: William Sankata, Ngostino Mwamba na James Mutali ku Mufulira mine. Ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵa ku Africa awo ŵakagwiranga nchito mu migodi ŵakakana kwiza ku nchito, ŵakacemerezganga mazgu ghakwimikana na boma na kuŵaponya malibwe pamoza na ŵanthu ŵa ku Africa awo ŵakakana kuŵawovwira. Pa migodi yinyake yiŵiri, kujoŵelera kukaŵa kwacilendo yayi pakuyaniska na ku Mufulira (uko kukwezgeka kwa misonkho kukapokelereka mwambura kugomezga) ndipo ŵapolisi ŵakakaka ŵalongozgi ŵa migodi iyi kuti ŵacenjezge. Uthenga wa kujoŵelera kwa Mufulira ukathandazgikira ku migodi yinyake yiŵiri apo ŵantchito ŵa ku Mufulira ŵakizanga. Ŵalovyi ŵa Beni, awo ŵakamba kuvina mu nyengo ya makoloni na awo ŵakayezganga gulu la ŵasilikari na maboma gha makoloni na sumu na vyakusanguluska, ndiwo ŵakagwiranga nchito yikuru pa nkhani ya kudumbiskana. Ŵantchito ŵa ku Africa ŵakamba kunjilira ku Nkana pa 27 May, kweni ŵakatondeka ndipo ŵakamara zuŵa lakulondezgapo cifukwa ca ulongozgi uheni. Ku Roan Antelope, uko ŵalongozgi ŵa mafuko ŵakagwirako nchito, kukacitika vivulupi. Pa Meyi 29, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakawungana kuzingilizga malo agha, ndipo pakaŵa ŵapolisi, ŵalara ŵa boma, ŵantchito, na ŵalara. Ŵapolisi ŵakawopa comene ndipo ŵakamba kuwombera, ndipo ŵanthu 6 ŵakafwa ndipo 17 ŵakapwetekeka. Ŵakati ŵawona kuti ŵasilikari ŵanjira mu msumba uwu, ŵakazizwa comene ndipo ŵakaleka kugwira nchito. Kuyana na lipoti la wupu wa UNESCO, pa Meyi 22 kukacitika viyezgelero ku migodi ya Mulfra, ndipo pa Meyi 26 vikafika ku Nkana na Luansha. Ŵanthu 28 ŵakafwa panji kupwetekeka.
Kufufuza
Nyengo yeneyiyo, boma la Britain likimika komiti yakulongozgeka na Russell kuti yifufuze ico cikapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵaleke kugwira nchito. Komiti iyi yikati ku Northern Rhodesia kukaŵa suzgo likuru comene cifukwa cakuti msonkho ukaŵikika mwamabuci. Lipoti ili likayowoyapo yayi vya Beni, kweni likati ŵanthu aŵa ŵakaseŵeranga waka vyakusanguluska. Buku ili likalongosora maufumu ghaŵiri. Likati: "Tingasankhapo limoza pakati pa kukhazikiska maboma gha ŵanthu ŵa ku malo agha na kuwezga ŵanthu ku vikaya vyawo; panji kuzomerezga kuti ŵanthu ŵaleke kukolerana na mafuko ghawo na kwambiska ntchito ya migodi mu misumba ya ku Europe". Pamanyuma pa kafukufuku uyu, Hubert Winthrop Young, kazembe wa ku Northern Rhodesia kufuma mu 1935 m'paka mu 1938, wakambiska wupu wakupeleka ulongozgi ku ŵalongozgi ŵa mafuko gha mu Africa ku Copperbelt, nga umo vikaŵira ku Roan Antelope mine. Ŵanthu ŵanyake awo ŵakulemba mdauko ŵakawona kuti dango ili likaŵa lacilendo yayi.
Kupangikaso
Makampani ghanandi ghakugwilira nchito mu migodi ghakawona kuti nchito iyi yingaŵa yakusuzga comene. Boma likagomezganga kuti usange mtengo wa mkuwa ukhizgikengeko kunthazi, vinthu ivi vichitikengeso. Boma la ku mizi likapeleka ndondomeko ziŵiri kuti ŵantchito ŵa mu matawuni ŵalutilire kukolerana na ŵanthu ŵa mu mizi yawo. Ndalama izo ŵabali ŵa ŵanthu awo ŵakugwira ntchito mu matawuni ŵakagwiliskiranga ntchito pa vyakupwelelera umoyo wa ŵanthu ŵakakhalanga ku mizi zikapelekeka na boma.
Uwemi
Ŵakulemba mdauko ŵakugomezga kuti ku Africa kukacitika viyezgo vinyake ivyo vikapangiska kuti boma la Britain lisinthe ndyali za ŵanthu ku Africa. Muwusi Hubert Young, wakati watondeka, wakasanga ndalama zakwendeskera kafukufuku wakukhwaskana na kusama kwa ŵanthu ku Africa. Mulembi wa mdauko, Godfrey Wilson wakasambira vya ŵanthu awo ŵakagwiranga nchito mu matawuni gha ku Africa kwambira mu 1939 m'paka mu 1940, kweni ntchito yake yikamara. Nangauli pa nyengo iyo, kulekeska ntchito kukawovwira viŵi yayi, kweni ni nyengo yakuzirwa comene pa umo ŵanthu ŵa ku Africa ŵakambira kutemwa caru cawo mu Zambia. Ŵanthu ŵa mu tawuni ya Africa ŵakamanya umo ŵakachitiranga, ndipo ichi chikapangiska kuti paŵe magulu gha ŵantchito. Ivyo boma la Britain likacita vikawovwira kuti makampani gha migodi ghaŵe na umoyo uwemi kwa vilimika vinkhondi. Mu 1940, mu cigaŵa ici mukaŵa migodi yinandi iyo yikatora sabata yimoza.
Dallas County, Missouri
Dallas County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Daviess County, Missouri
Daviess County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Karagöçer, Karataş
Karagöçer, Karataş ni msumba mu boma la Karataş mu chigaŵa chikulu cha Adana mu charu cha Turkey mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Serra d'El-Rei
Serra d'El-Rei ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Bajram Curri (town)
Bajram Curri (town) ni msumba mu charu cha Albania mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Mlonga wa Mpunga, Solwezi
Mlonga wa Mpunga panji Mapunga ni mlonga wa Boma la Solwezi, Zambia.
Tropojë
Tropojë ni msumba mu charu cha Albania mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Nyama
Nyama (chiNgelezi Meat)
Ottensheim
Ottensheim ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Johnson County, Missouri
Johnson County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Serzedelo
Serzedelo ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Senhora da Hora
Senhora da Hora ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Ottnang am Hausruck
Ottnang am Hausruck ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
São Roque do Pico
São Roque do Pico ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Jefferson County, Missouri
Jefferson County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Pabneukirchen
Pabneukirchen ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Karataş, Karataş
Karataş, Karataş ni msumba mu boma la Karataş mu chigaŵa chikulu cha Adana mu charu cha Turkey mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Palting
Palting ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Fierzë, Tropojë
Fierzë, Tropojë ni msumba mu charu cha Albania mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Nkhumba
Nkhumba (Sus scrofa domestica), vinyama.
São Pedro de Alva
São Pedro de Alva ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Yobe State
Yobe   ni zina la nthantha (state) iyo ikusangika mu charu cha Nigeria,ku manjililo gha dazi gha nthunthu la Afilika.Ndimoza mwa nthantha 36 izo zili mu Nigeria.
Baka
Pato
Kesik, Karataş
Kesik, Karataş ni msumba mu boma la Karataş mu chigaŵa chikulu cha Adana mu charu cha Turkey mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Pasching
Pasching ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
São Pedro de Castelões
São Pedro de Castelões ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Knox County, Missouri
Knox County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Rubuga, Buhigwe
Rubuga ni msumba mu Boma la Buhigwe, Tanzania.
Pattigham
Pattigham ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Krumë
Krumë ni msumba mu charu cha Albania mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Pemiscot County, Missouri
Pemiscot County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Ntibatiba
Ntibatiba (Struthio camelus)
Köprügözü, Karataş
Köprügözü, Karataş ni msumba mu boma la Karataş mu chigaŵa chikulu cha Adana mu charu cha Turkey mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Rubuga, Buhigwe
Malo
Rubuga wali na zina lakuyana na Msewu wa Rubuga, ilo lili mukati mwa msumba.
São Pedro do Sul Municipality, Portugal
São Pedro do Sul Municipality, Portugal ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Munyika, Buhigwe
Munyika ni msumba mu Boma la Buhigwe, Tanzania.
Phelps County, Missouri
Phelps County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Has (municipality)
Has (municipality) ni msumba mu charu cha Albania mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Kukës
Kukës ni msumba mu charu cha Albania mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Pike County, Missouri
Pike County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Perg
Perg ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Pennewang
Pennewang ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Peilstein im Mühlviertel
Peilstein im Mühlviertel ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Rates (Portuguese parish)
Rates (Portuguese parish) ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Nkhomi
Nkhomi (Dendroaspis polylepis)
Chaholi
Chaholi (Corvus albus)
Chaholi ntchiyuni icho ntchifipa kweni chili na mahungwa yatuba mu singo ndipo pa chiNgerezi bakuti raven.
Nthavwa
Nthavwa ni malo agho ghakuyana na maboma,agho ghakupanga charu chimoza, pachizungu ghakuchemeka state.
Platte County, Missouri
Platte County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Portal:Dominican Republic
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Cırık, Karataş
Cırık, Karataş ni msumba mu boma la Karataş mu chigaŵa chikulu cha Adana mu charu cha Turkey mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Beyköyü, Karataş
Beyköyü, Karataş ni msumba mu boma la Karataş mu chigaŵa chikulu cha Adana mu charu cha Turkey mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Isiolo County, Kenya
Isiolo ni boma ilo likusangika mu chigaŵa cha kale cha Eastern mu charu cha Kenya.Ukulu wa malo ni 66,923.1 km2 .Unandi wa ŵanthu mu chaka cha 2019 ukaŵa 459,785.Msumba ukulu ni Marsabit.
Pettenbach
Pettenbach ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Marsabit County, Kenya
Marsabit ni boma ilo likusangika mu chigaŵa cha kale cha Eastern mu charu cha Kenya.Ukulu wa malo ni 66,923.1 km2 .Unandi wa ŵanthu mu chaka cha 2019 ukaŵa 459,785.Msumba ukulu ni Marsabit.
Peterskirchen
Peterskirchen ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Linn County, Missouri
Linn County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Polk County, Missouri
Polk County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Katundu, Buhigwe
Katundu ni msumba mu Boma la Buhigwe, Tanzania.
Kurbnesh
Kurbnesh ni msumba mu charu cha Albania mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Develiören, Karataş
Develiören, Karataş ni msumba mu boma la Karataş mu chigaŵa chikulu cha Adana mu charu cha Turkey mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Munkhwele
Munkhwele (chiNgelezi Monkey and Ape), vinyama.
Rubona, Buhigwe
Rubona ni msumba mu Boma la Buhigwe, Tanzania.
Nyarushanga, Buhigwe
Nyarushanga ni msumba mu Boma la Buhigwe, Tanzania.
Pico Island
Pico Island ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Nyarushanga, Buhigwe
Malo
Nyarushanga wali na zina lakuyana na Msewu wa Nyarushanga, ilo lili mukati mwa msumba.
Perwang am Grabensee
Perwang am Grabensee ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
São Romão
São Romão ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Chimbwe
Chimbwe (Crocuta crocuta). vinyama.
Mandera County, Kenya
Mandera ni boma ilo likusangika mu chigaŵa cha kale cha North Eastern mu charu cha Kenya.Ukulu wa malo ni 25,797.7 km2 .Unandi wa ŵanthu mu chaka cha 2019 ukaŵa 867,457.Msumba ukulu ni Mandera.
Nduna za mphala ya malango 2017-2022 (Mandera County)
Members of the County Assembly
São Teotónio
São Teotónio ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Arizona
Arizona (/ˌærɪˈzoʊnə/ ARR-ih-ZOH-nə; Navajo: Hoozdo Hahoodzo Navajomathanilo: [hoː˥z̥to˩ ha˩hoː˩tso˩]; O'odham: Alĭ ṣonak) ni nthavwa iyo ikusngika ku manjililo gha dazi gha United States ndipo ni nthavwala nambala 6 mu ukulu ndipo ndanambala 14 mu kumanyikwa.Msumba ukulu ni Phoenix.
São Tomé de Negrelos
São Tomé de Negrelos ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Texas County, Missouri
Texas County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Peuerbach
Peuerbach ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Pfaffing, Austria
Pfaffing, Austria ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Laç
Laç ni msumba mu charu cha Albania mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Abfaltersbach
Abfaltersbach ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Tyrol mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Njoka
Njoka (Serpentes), vinyama.
Dolaplı, Karataş
Dolaplı, Karataş ni msumba mu boma la Karataş mu chigaŵa chikulu cha Adana mu charu cha Turkey mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Taney County, Missouri
Taney County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Nyarudaho, Buhigwe
Nyarudaho ni msumba mu Boma la Buhigwe, Tanzania.
Indiana
Indiana ni nthavwa iyo ikusangika chigawa cha pakati ku manjililo gha dazi gha United States.Ni nthavwa ya nambala 38 mu ukulu wa malo ndipo ni nthavwa ya nambala 17 mu kumanyikwa.Msumba ukulu kweneso wa boma ni Indianapolis.
Meru County, Kenya
Meru ni boma ilo likusangika mu chigaŵa cha kale cha Eastern mu charu cha Kenya.Ukulu wa malo ni 7,003.1 km2 .Unandi wa ŵanthu mu chaka cha 2019 ukaŵa 1,545,714.Msumba ukulu ni Meru.
Pfaffstätt
Pfaffstätt ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Nyamalembe, Buhigwe
Nyamalembe ni msumba mu Boma la Buhigwe, Tanzania.
Illinois
Illinois ni nthavwa (state) iyo ikusangika pakati chaku manjililo gha dazi gha United States.Msumba usani ni Chicago,ndipo msumba wa boma ni Springfield.
Lezhë
Lezhë ni msumba mu charu cha Albania mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Pfarrkirchen bei Bad Hall
Pfarrkirchen bei Bad Hall ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Tharaka-Nithi County, Kenya
Tharaka-Nithi ni boma ilo likusangika mu chigaŵa cha kale cha Eastern mu charu cha Kenya.Ukulu wa malo ni 2,609.5 km2 .Unandi wa ŵanthu mu chaka cha 2019 ukaŵa 393,177.Msumba ukulu ni Kathwana.
Chawe, Neno
Chawe ni malo agho ghakusangika mu boma la Neno,Chigaŵa cha Kummwela,mu charu cha Malaŵi.
Stone County, Missouri
Stone County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Mamurras
Mamurras ni msumba mu charu cha Albania mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Chididi, Neno
Chididi ni malo agho ghakusangika mu boma la Neno,Chigaŵa cha Kummwela,mu charu cha Malaŵi.
Tuzkuyusu, Karataş
Tuzkuyusu, Karataş ni msumba mu boma la Karataş mu chigaŵa chikulu cha Adana mu charu cha Turkey mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Silgueiros
Silgueiros ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Iowa
Iowa ni nthavwa iyo yili ku manjililo gha dazi cha pakati mu charu cha United States iyo ilipanga malile na Dambo la Mississippi ku mafumilo gha dazi na Dambo la  Missouri ndipo Dambo la  Big Sioux ku manjililo gha dazi.
Saint Charles County, Missouri
Saint Charles County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Absam
Absam ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Tyrol mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Sullivan County, Missouri
Sullivan County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Yanlızca, Karataş
Yanlızca, Karataş ni msumba mu boma la Karataş mu chigaŵa chikulu cha Adana mu charu cha Turkey mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Sever do Vouga
Sever do Vouga ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Ray County, Missouri
Ray County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Pfarrkirchen im Mühlkreis
Pfarrkirchen im Mühlkreis ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Turkey
Türkiye, ntchalo icho chili kwa Europe na Asia.
Mugongo, Buhigwe
Mugongo ni msumba mu Boma la Buhigwe, Tanzania.
Serzedo (Guimarães)
Serzedo (Guimarães) ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Achenkirch
Achenkirch ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Tyrol mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Uthenga mu Malaŵi
Wayilesi ya vithuzi vyakulongola (TV)
TV mu Malawi yikwendeskeka na wupu wa MACRA. Charu ichi chili na mawayilesi 20 agho ghakupharazga pa Intaneti mu 2016.. Ivi vikusazgapo Times Group, Timveni, Adventist, na Beta.
Yemişli, Karataş
Yemişli, Karataş ni msumba mu boma la Karataş mu chigaŵa chikulu cha Adana mu charu cha Turkey mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Uthenga mu Malaŵi
Manyuzipepara
Wupu wa Malawi News Agency (MANA) ndiwo ni wupu ukuru chomene mu Malawi. Likakhazikiskika mu 1966 kuti lipelekenge na kupanga nkhani za boma. Kweniso likuwunjika nkhani za mu vyaru vyose. Magazini iyi yikamba kugwira ntchito mu 2012.
Nyuzipepara yakale comene ya mu caru ici ni The Daily Times. Manyuzipepara agho ghakupharazgika comene mu caru cose ni The Daily Times na The Nation. Vyose ivi vikuguliskika mu misumba yinandi ya ku Malawi. Kweniso manyuzipepara ghanandi ghakusangika pa Intaneti.
Kweniso nyuzipepara za pa Intaneti zikukura chomene. Ivi vikusazgapo manyuzipepara agho ghali na ndalama za wanangwa wa ŵanthu ŵa ku Malawi nga ni Leeds, England based Nyasatimes, Atlanta, US based Maravi Post na Malawi24 based in Blantyre.
Magazini
Malaŵi wali na magazini gha Chingelezi na Chichewa agho ghakupharazgika mu charu chose, mu vigaŵa, panji mu msumba.
Intaneti
Ku Malawi kwasazgikira ŵanthu awo ŵakugwiliskira nchito Intaneti, chomene pa Twitter, Facebook. Ku Malawi nako kuli ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakulemba mabulogu. Social Media yikovwira chomene kuti vinthu viŵe vyakutowa mu Malawi. Likukolerana na ivyo vikachitika mu 2012.
Phiri ya Kifizi
Phiri la Nhlovualumi ni phiri mu Tanzania.
Ripley County, Missouri
Ripley County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Sesimbra
Sesimbra ni msumba mu charu cha Portugal. Portugal ntcharu icho chili ku Iberian Peninsula, kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Europe, ndipo charu ichi chikusazgapo vyaru vya Azores, Madeira, na Virwa vya Savage.
Yenice, Karataş
Yenice, Karataş ni msumba mu boma la Karataş mu chigaŵa chikulu cha Adana mu charu cha Turkey mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Markranstädt
Markranstädt ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Milot, Kurbin
Milot, Kurbin ni msumba mu charu cha Albania mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Chikonde, Neno
Chikonde ni malo agho ghakusangika mu boma la Neno,Chigaŵa cha Kummwela,mu charu cha Malaŵi.
Reynolds County, Missouri
Reynolds County, Missouri ni msumba uchoko panji nkhalwe (county pachingelezi) iyo ikusangika mu boma likulu la Missouri mu charu cha United States of America. Boma likulu la Missouri lina tumisumba 115 mukwati mwake (counties).
Pierbach
Pierbach ni msumba mu chigaŵa cha Upper Austria mu charu cha Austria mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya (Europe).
Chifunga I, Neno
Chifunga I ni malo agho ghakusangika mu boma la Neno,Chigaŵa cha Kummwela,mu charu cha Malaŵi.
Maxhütte-Haidhof
Maxhütte-Haidhof ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Marktbreit
Marktbreit ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.