cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Chikalamu, Chasefu
Chuma
Mu boma ici muli famu yaciyelezgero, iyo yikulongozgeka na Rev. Mapopa Nyirongo, wakucemeka Chasefu Model Farm. Pa famu iyi, ŵana ŵa sukulu ŵakusambira vya cisopa ŵakuŵa na mwaŵi wakusambira. CCAP yaku Zambia yikukhumba kuti famu iyi yiŵe malo ghakusambizgirako awo ŵali na minda yichoko kuti ŵasambire nthowa ziphya za kulima vyakurya vyakukhazikika, kusinthana kwa vyakurya, kusinthana kwa vyakurya, na kugwiliskira nchito vinthu vyamahara kuti ntchito yawo yiŵe yipusu kweniso kuti ŵaleke kugwira nchito zinandi. Chilato chinyake ntchakuti ŵanthu ŵambe kulima vyakurya vinyake ivyo vikuŵa na vyakurya vinandi.
Boma likulongozgaso ntchito ya Chasefu Agricultural Income Generating Activity (AIGA). Chilato cha AIGA nkhusanga ndalama zakukwana vyakukhumbikwa vya sukulu iyi na Chasefu Model Farm. Chifukwa cha mulimo uwu, wupu uwu ukuŵika mtima pa kulima phere, soya na vyakurya vinyake. Chifukwa chakuti boma likukanizga vyakurya ku Zambia, mbuto iyi yikuwoneka nga njakovwira yayi.
Flörsheim am Main
Flörsheim am Main ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Mbango, Chasefu
Mbango ni msumba mu Boma la Chasefu, Zambia.
Geesthacht
Geesthacht ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Gnoien
Gnoien ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Gebesee
Gebesee ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Geisa
Geisa ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Geilenkirchen
Geilenkirchen ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Glücksburg
Glücksburg ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Chibisa Chirwa, Mzimba
Chibisa Chirwa ni msumba mu Boma la Mzimba, Malawi.
Gehrden
Gehrden ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Geiselhöring
Geiselhöring ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Gröditz
Gröditz ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Kazimbwe, Chasefu
Kazimbwe ni msumba mu Boma la Chasefu, Zambia.
Shemu, Chasefu
Malo
Boma ichi chikupokera maji ghanandi kufuma ku milonga ya Kawondo na Lundazi kumwera kwa chigaŵa ichi. Msumba uwu uli pa mtunda wa makilomita 600 kufuma ku Lusaka.
Ŵanthu
ChiTumbuka ndicho chikuyowoyeka chomene mu msumba uwu.
Geestland
Geestland ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Mlonga wa Mwata
Mlonga wa Mwata ni mlonga wa Boma la Chasefu, Zambia.
Geisenfeld
Geisenfeld ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Gau-Algesheim
Gau-Algesheim ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Kalunguzyanga, Chasefu
Kalunguzyanga ni msumba mu Boma la Chasefu, Zambia.
Mawande, Chasefu
Mawande ni msumba mu Boma la Chasefu, Zambia.
Shemu, Chasefu
Masambiro
Mu Boma ichi muli masukulu ghanandi mu matawuni na mu vikaya. Koleji yikuru mu cigaŵa ici ni Chasefu Theological College, iyo yili na masambiro gha ulimi kuti ŵana ŵa sukulu ŵasambire umo ŵangagwilira nchito zaulimi.
Kamangadazi, Chasefu
Kamangadazi ni msumba mu Boma la Chasefu, Zambia.
Gedern
Gedern ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Shemu, Chasefu
Chuma
Mu boma ici muli famu yaciyelezgero, iyo yikulongozgeka na Rev. Mapopa Nyirongo, wakucemeka Chasefu Model Farm. Pa famu iyi, ŵana ŵa sukulu ŵakusambira vya cisopa ŵakuŵa na mwaŵi wakusambira. CCAP yaku Zambia yikukhumba kuti famu iyi yiŵe malo ghakusambizgirako awo ŵali na minda yichoko kuti ŵasambire nthowa ziphya za kulima vyakurya vyakukhazikika, kusinthana kwa vyakurya, kusinthana kwa vyakurya, na kugwiliskira nchito vinthu vyamahara kuti ntchito yawo yiŵe yipusu kweniso kuti ŵaleke kugwira nchito zinandi. Chilato chinyake ntchakuti ŵanthu ŵambe kulima vyakurya vinyake ivyo vikuŵa na vyakurya vinandi.
Geisenheim
Geisenheim ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Shemu, Chasefu
Chuma
Boma likulongozgaso ntchito ya Chasefu Agricultural Income Generating Activity (AIGA). Chilato cha AIGA nkhusanga ndalama zakukwana vyakukhumbikwa vya sukulu iyi na Chasefu Model Farm. Chifukwa cha mulimo uwu, wupu uwu ukuŵika mtima pa kulima phere, soya na vyakurya vinyake. Chifukwa chakuti boma likukanizga vyakurya ku Zambia, mbuto iyi yikuwoneka nga njakovwira yayi.
Kamangadazi, Chasefu
Malo
Boma ichi chikupokera maji ghanandi kufuma ku milonga ya Kawondo na Lundazi kumwera kwa chigaŵa ichi. Msumba uwu uli pa mtunda wa makilomita 600 kufuma ku Lusaka.
Mawande, Chasefu
Malo
Boma ichi chikupokera maji ghanandi kufuma ku milonga ya Kawondo na Lundazi kumwera kwa chigaŵa ichi. Msumba uwu uli pa mtunda wa makilomita 600 kufuma ku Lusaka.
Kamangadazi, Chasefu
Ŵanthu
ChiTumbuka ndicho chikuyowoyeka chomene mu msumba uwu.
Mawande, Chasefu
Ŵanthu
ChiTumbuka ndicho chikuyowoyeka chomene mu msumba uwu.
Geithain
Geithain ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Geisingen
Geisingen ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Kasaru, Chasefu
Kasaru ni msumba mu Boma la Chasefu, Zambia.
Kamangadazi, Chasefu
Masambiro
Mu Boma ichi muli masukulu ghanandi mu matawuni na mu vikaya. Koleji yikuru mu cigaŵa ici ni Chasefu Theological College, iyo yili na masambiro gha ulimi kuti ŵana ŵa sukulu ŵasambire umo ŵangagwilira nchito zaulimi.
Mawande, Chasefu
Chuma
Mu boma ici muli famu yaciyelezgero, iyo yikulongozgeka na Rev. Mapopa Nyirongo, wakucemeka Chasefu Model Farm. Pa famu iyi, ŵana ŵa sukulu ŵakusambira vya cisopa ŵakuŵa na mwaŵi wakusambira. CCAP yaku Zambia yikukhumba kuti famu iyi yiŵe malo ghakusambizgirako awo ŵali na minda yichoko kuti ŵasambire nthowa ziphya za kulima vyakurya vyakukhazikika, kusinthana kwa vyakurya, kusinthana kwa vyakurya, na kugwiliskira nchito vinthu vyamahara kuti ntchito yawo yiŵe yipusu kweniso kuti ŵaleke kugwira nchito zinandi. Chilato chinyake ntchakuti ŵanthu ŵambe kulima vyakurya vinyake ivyo vikuŵa na vyakurya vinandi.
Kamangadazi, Chasefu
Chuma
Mu boma ici muli famu yaciyelezgero, iyo yikulongozgeka na Rev. Mapopa Nyirongo, wakucemeka Chasefu Model Farm. Pa famu iyi, ŵana ŵa sukulu ŵakusambira vya cisopa ŵakuŵa na mwaŵi wakusambira. CCAP yaku Zambia yikukhumba kuti famu iyi yiŵe malo ghakusambizgirako awo ŵali na minda yichoko kuti ŵasambire nthowa ziphya za kulima vyakurya vyakukhazikika, kusinthana kwa vyakurya, kusinthana kwa vyakurya, na kugwiliskira nchito vinthu vyamahara kuti ntchito yawo yiŵe yipusu kweniso kuti ŵaleke kugwira nchito zinandi. Chilato chinyake ntchakuti ŵanthu ŵambe kulima vyakurya vinyake ivyo vikuŵa na vyakurya vinandi.
Mawande, Chasefu
Chuma
Boma likulongozgaso ntchito ya Chasefu Agricultural Income Generating Activity (AIGA). Chilato cha AIGA nkhusanga ndalama zakukwana vyakukhumbikwa vya sukulu iyi na Chasefu Model Farm. Chifukwa cha mulimo uwu, wupu uwu ukuŵika mtima pa kulima phere, soya na vyakurya vinyake. Chifukwa chakuti boma likukanizga vyakurya ku Zambia, mbuto iyi yikuwoneka nga njakovwira yayi.
Kamangadazi, Chasefu
Chuma
Boma likulongozgaso ntchito ya Chasefu Agricultural Income Generating Activity (AIGA). Chilato cha AIGA nkhusanga ndalama zakukwana vyakukhumbikwa vya sukulu iyi na Chasefu Model Farm. Chifukwa cha mulimo uwu, wupu uwu ukuŵika mtima pa kulima phere, soya na vyakurya vinyake. Chifukwa chakuti boma likukanizga vyakurya ku Zambia, mbuto iyi yikuwoneka nga njakovwira yayi.
Kamuzi, Chasefu
Kamuzi ni msumba mu Boma la Chasefu, Zambia.
Gemünden (Wohra)
Gemünden (Wohra) ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Großenhain
Großenhain ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Mantepa, Chasefu
Mantepa ni msumba mu Boma la Chasefu, Zambia.
Gefrees
Gefrees ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Hamminkeln
Hamminkeln ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Gemünden am Main
Gemünden am Main ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Chiwangu, Chasefu
Chiwangu ni msumba mu Boma la Chasefu, Zambia.
Hanau
Hanau ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Gelnhausen
Gelnhausen ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Hann. Münden
'''Hann. Münden''' ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Hanover
Hanover ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Haßfurt
Haßfurt ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Geldern
Geldern ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Longwe, Chasefu
Longwe ni msumba mu Boma la Chasefu, Zambia.
Gefell bei Schleiz
Gefell bei Schleiz ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Chwangu Ndhlovu, Chasefu
Chwangu Ndhlovu ni msumba mu Boma la Chasefu, Zambia.
Herford
Herford ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Chiloa, Chasefu
Chiloa ni msumba mu Boma la Chasefu, Zambia.
Harzgerode
Harzgerode ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Hartha
Hartha ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Harburg, Bavaria
Harburg, Bavaria ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Longwechaseka, Chasefu
Longwechaseka ni msumba mu Boma la Chasefu, Zambia.
Hardegsen
Hardegsen ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Kulikuli, Chasefu
Kulikuli ni msumba mu Boma la Chasefu, Zambia.
Bonga, Chasefu
Bonga ni msumba mu Boma la Chasefu, Zambia.
Malo
Boma ichi chikupokera maji ghanandi kufuma ku milonga ya Kawondo na Lundazi kumwera kwa chigaŵa ichi. Msumba uwu uli pa mtunda wa makilomita 600 kufuma ku Lusaka.
Geislingen (bei Balingen)
Geislingen (bei Balingen) ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Harsewinkel
Harsewinkel ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Bonga, Chasefu
Masambiro
Mu Boma ichi muli masukulu ghanandi mu matawuni na mu vikaya. Koleji yikuru mu cigaŵa ici ni Chasefu Theological College, iyo yili na masambiro gha ulimi kuti ŵana ŵa sukulu ŵasambire umo ŵangagwilira nchito zaulimi.
Chuma
Mu boma ici muli famu yaciyelezgero, iyo yikulongozgeka na Rev. Mapopa Nyirongo, wakucemeka Chasefu Model Farm. Pa famu iyi, ŵana ŵa sukulu ŵakusambira vya cisopa ŵakuŵa na mwaŵi wakusambira. CCAP yaku Zambia yikukhumba kuti famu iyi yiŵe malo ghakusambizgirako awo ŵali na minda yichoko kuti ŵasambire nthowa ziphya za kulima vyakurya vyakukhazikika, kusinthana kwa vyakurya, kusinthana kwa vyakurya, na kugwiliskira nchito vinthu vyamahara kuti ntchito yawo yiŵe yipusu kweniso kuti ŵaleke kugwira nchito zinandi. Chilato chinyake ntchakuti ŵanthu ŵambe kulima vyakurya vinyake ivyo vikuŵa na vyakurya vinandi.
Boma likulongozgaso ntchito ya Chasefu Agricultural Income Generating Activity (AIGA). Chilato cha AIGA nkhusanga ndalama zakukwana vyakukhumbikwa vya sukulu iyi na Chasefu Model Farm. Chifukwa cha mulimo uwu, wupu uwu ukuŵika mtima pa kulima phere, soya na vyakurya vinyake. Chifukwa chakuti boma likukanizga vyakurya ku Zambia, mbuto iyi yikuwoneka nga njakovwira yayi.
Haslach im Kinzigtal
Haslach im Kinzigtal ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Heringen/Helme
Heringen/Helme ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Herne, Germany
Herne, Germany ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Holzminden
Holzminden ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Herdecke
Herdecke ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Herdorf
Herdorf ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Hartenstein (Saxony)
Hartenstein (Saxony) ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Chizuwe, Chasefu
Chizuwe ni msumba mu Boma la Chasefu, Zambia.
Kamoni, Chasefu
Kamoni ni msumba mu Boma la Chasefu, Zambia.
Homberg (Efze)
Homberg (Efze) ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Herrenberg
Herrenberg ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Homburg (Saar)
Homburg (Saar) ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Haselünne
Haselünne ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Haren (Ems)
Haren (Ems) ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Hollfeld
Hollfeld ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Gelsenkirchen
Gelsenkirchen ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Herrieden
Herrieden ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Horn-Bad Meinberg
Horn-Bad Meinberg ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Kaimbonye, Chasefu
Kaimbonye ni msumba mu Boma la Chasefu, Zambia.
Manyara, Chasefu
Manyara ni msumba mu Boma la Chasefu, Zambia.
Hornbach, Germany
Hornbach, Germany ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Enyantiweni, Chasefu
Enyantiweni ni msumba mu Boma la Chasefu, Zambia.
Horb am Neckar
Horb am Neckar ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Heringen
Heringen ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Egypt
Egypt (مصر, ), panji kuti Arab Republic of Egypt, ni charu icho chili kumpoto cha kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Africa na kumwera kwa Asia. Charu ichi chili na mphaka na Nyanja ya Meditereniyani kumpoto, Gaza na Israyeli kumpoto kwa kumafumiro gha dazi, Nyanja Yiswesi kumafumiro gha dazi, Sudan kumwera, na Libya kumanjiliro gha dazi. Mlonga wa Aqaba, uwo uli kumpoto ca kumafumiro gha dazi, ukupatura Eguputo na Jordan na Saudi Arabia. Cairo ni msumba ukuru wa Eguputo, ndipo msumba waciŵiri ukuru comene ni Alexandria. Ku Eguputo kuli ŵanthu pafupifupi 100 miliyoni. Ili ni charu cha nambara 14 pa vyaru vyose pa charu chapasi, ndipo ni lachitatu pa vyaru vya mu Africa.
Charu cha Eguputo chili na mbiri yakale chomene kuluska charu chilichose. Ku Eguputo kukaŵa ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakalembanga, kulima, kukhazikika mu misumba, kusopa, na boma. Vinthu vyakuzirwa nga ni Giza Necropolis na Great Sphinx, kweniso mabwinja gha Memphis, Thebes, Karnak, na Valley of the Kings, vikulongora kuti vinthu ivi ni vyaunenesko. Charu cha Egypt chili na mitheto yinandi iyo yikulongora kuti chili pa malo ghapadera chomene pa charu chose chapasi. Charu cha Egypt chikaŵa chakwamba na chakuzirwa chomene pa Chikhristu, kweni chikazgoka Chisilamu mu virimika vya m'ma 700 C.E. ndipo chikulutilira kuŵa na visopa vinandi vya Chisilamu.
Charu cha Egypt chikamba kulamulira mu 1922 apo chikafwatuka ku ufumu wa Britain. Pamanyuma pa kugaluka kwa mu 1952, Eguputo wakajizgora yekha charu cha Republic, ndipo mu 1958, chikaŵa pamoza na Syria. Mu hafu yaciŵiri ya vilimika vya m'ma 1900, caru ca Egupto cikasuzgika cifukwa ca nkhondo za pa caru cose, za cisopa, na za ndyali. Mu 1978, Eguputo wakalemba mapangano gha Camp David, ndipo wakaleka nadi kuwukira Gaza na kuzomerezga Israyeli. Pakati pajumpha nyengo yichoko waka kufuma apo ku Eguputo kukambira vivulupi mu 2011, ndipo Hosni Mubarak wakathereskeka, mu charu ichi mukaŵa masuzgo gha ndyali. Boma la Egypt, ilo ndilo likulongozgeka na Abdel Fattah el-Sisi kwambira mu 2014, likulongosoreka na ŵanthu ŵanandi kuti ndakuzomerezgeka na boma ndipo likukhozga wanangwa wa ŵanthu.
Chisopa cha Cisilamu ndicho ntchakuzomerezgeka mu Eguputo ndipo Cirabu ndicho ni ciyowoyero cake. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakukhala mumphepete mwa Mlonga wa Nayelo, uwo uli na malo ghakukwana makilomita 40,000. Malo ghakuru gha mu mapopa gha Sahara, agho ghakukwana chigaŵa chikuru cha Eguputo, ghalije ŵanthu ŵanandi. Pafupifupi 43% ya ŵanthu awo ŵakukhala mu Eguputo ŵakukhala mu matawuni, ndipo ŵanandi ŵakukhala mu misumba yikuru ya Cairo, Alexandria, na misumba yinyake yikuru mu Nile Delta.
Eguputo wakuwoneka kuti ni ufumu ukuru comene mu vyaru vya kumpoto kwa Africa, Middle East, na mu caru ca Muslim. Charu ichi chili na chuma chakupambanapambana, ndipo ni charu chacitatu pa vyaru vya mu Africa, ca 41 pa vyaru ivyo vili na GDP yikuru, ndipo ca 20 pa vyaru ivyo vili na GDP yikuru pa caru cose. Eguputo ni wupu wa United Nations, Non-Aligned Movement, Arab League, African Union, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation na World Youth Forum.
Mazina
Zina la Chingelezi lakuti "Egypt" lili kufuma ku Chigiriki chakale lakuti "Aígyptos" ("Α??γυπτος"), kufuma ku Chifurenchi chapakati kuti "Egypte" na Chilatini kuti "Aegyptus". Mu vilembo vyakwambilira vya Chigiriki vya Linear B, lizgu ili likuzunulika kuti "a-ku-pi-ti-yo". Lizgu lakuti "aigýpti-"/"aigýptios" likatoleka mu Ciphwitikizi nga ni "gyptios", ndipo kufuma apo mu Cirabu nga ni "qubṭī", kufuma apo likazgoka "قبط" ("qubṭ"), kufuma apo Cingelezi "Copt". Viyowoyero vya Cigiriki vikafuma mu ciyowoyero ca ku Eguputo (Amarna) ico cikacemekanga Hikuptah panji "Memphis".name ( 𓉗 𓏏𓉐𓂓𓏤𓊪 𓏏 𓎛), lizgu ili likung'anamura "nyumba ya ka (mzimu) wa Ptah", zina la tempile la chiuta Ptah ku Memphis. "Miṣr" (Charabic pronunciation: [mes??ɾ]; "مِصر") ni zina la Classical Quranic Arabic na zina la sono la Egypt, apo "Maṣr" (Charabic pronunciation: [məsɾ]; مَصر) ni zina la Egypt mu Arabic. Zina ili lili kufuma ku Chiyuda, ndipo likuyana waka na mazgu ghanyake gha Chiyuda ghakuyowoya vya Eguputo nga ni Chihebere " מִצְרַיִם " ("Miṣráyim/Mitzráyim/Mizráim"). Zina lakale chomene la ku Eguputo ni "mi-iṣ-ru" ("miṣru") la ku Akadi. Ufumu wa Asiriya ukagwiliskiranga ntchito lizgu lakuti Mu-ṣur.
Mu nyengo yakale, ŵanthu ŵa ku Eguputo ŵakacemanga caru ici kuti (𓆎 𓅓 𓏏𓊖) km.t, kung'anamura caru cifipa, ico cikwenera kuti cikung'anamura dongo lifipa lakututuŵa la mu mapiri gha Nile, ilo likupambana na deshret, panji "caru cifipa" ca mu mapopa. Zina ili likuzunulika kuti Kemet, kweni likwenera kuti likazunulikanga kuti [kuːmat] mu Cieguputo cakale. Zina ili likuwoneka nga K(h)ēmə (Template:Lang-cop, Template:Lang-cop) mu chiyowoyero cha Coptic cha chiyowoyero cha ku Egypt, ndipo likawoneka mu Chigiriki chakwambilira nga Χημία (Khēmía). Zina linyake likaŵa kuti "charu cha mumphepete mwa mlonga". Mazina gha Upper na Lower Egypt ghakaŵa Ta-Sheme'aw (T-šm) "sedgeland" na Ta-Mehew (T-m) "northland".
Prehistory and Ancient Egypt
Pali maukaboni agho ghakulongora kuti ŵanthu ŵakajambura malibwe mumphepete mwa milonga ya Nayelo na mu vigaŵa vya mu mapopa. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1000 B.C.E., ŵanthu awo ŵakakhalanga mu malo agha ŵakaŵa ŵalovi na ŵakukora vyakurya. Nyengo yikati yasintha panji viŵeto vikamba kukwera chomene mu 8000 B.C.E., ndipo vikapangiska kuti malo gha ku Eguputo ghaŵe ghakukhoma viŵeto. Ŵanthu ŵakwambilira ŵakasamukira ku Mlonga wa Nayelo uko ŵakamba kulima chomene.
Pafupifupi mu 6000 B.C.E., ŵanthu ŵa mu nyengo ya Neolithic ŵakamba kukhala mu Dambo la Nayelo. Mu nyengo ya Neolithic, mitheto yinandi iyo yikaŵako pambere Ufumu wa Wankhongonozose undaŵeko yikakura mu Upper na Lower Egypt. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakuwona kuti ŵanthu ŵa ku Badari na awo ŵakaŵako pamanyuma pawo, awo ŵakachemekanga Naqada ndiwo ŵakambiska ufumu wa Eguputo. Malo ghakale chomene gha ku Lower Egypt, agho ni Merimda, ghakaŵako vyaka pafupifupi 700 pambere ŵanthu ŵa ku Badari ŵandaŵeko. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Lower Egypt ŵakakhalanga lumoza na ŵanthu ŵa kumwera kwa charu ichi kwa vyaka vyakujumpha 2,000. Ukaboni wakwambilira wa malemba gha ku Eguputo agho ghakalembeka mu mipukutu ghakawoneka mu nyengo iyo Ufumu wa Farawo ukaŵa kuti undaŵeko. Ufumu wakukolerana ukapangika c. Mu 3150 B.C.E., Themba Menes ndilo likawusa Eguputo vyaka 3,000. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Eguputo ŵakakhalanga makora mu nyengo iyi ndipo ŵakalutilira kuŵa na chisopa chawo, luso, chiyowoyero, na mitheto yawo. Mafumu ghaŵiri ghakwambilira agho ghakawusa mu Eguputo ghakawovwira kuti nyengo ya Ufumu Wakale yikwane. 2700-2200 BCE, uyo wakazenga mapiramidi ghanandi, chomenechomene mapiramidi gha Djoser gha muwuso wachitatu na gha Giza gha muwuso wachinayi.
Nyengo Yakwamba ya Vinthu Viphya yikamba na masuzgo gha ndyali agho ghakatora vyaka pafupifupi 150. Kweni maji ghakuru gha mu Nile na boma ilo likakhazikika, vikawovwira kuti mu Middle Kingdom muŵeso mtende. Mu 2040 B.C.E., ukafika pachanya chomene mu nyengo ya muwuso wa Farawo Amenemhat III. Nyengo yaciŵiri ya kugaŵikana yikapharazga za kwiza kwa ufumu wakwamba wa Ŵaegupto, wa Ŵasemi. Ŵankhondo ŵa Hyksos ŵakatora chigaŵa chikuru cha Lower Egypt cha mu 1650 B.C.E. ndipo ŵakakhazikiska msumba ukuru ku Avaris. Ŵakachimbizgika na ŵasilikari ŵa ku Upper Egypt awo ŵakalongozgekanga na Ahmose I, uyo wakambiska ufumu wa nambara 18.
Achaemenid Egypt
Mu 525 B.C.E., Ŵaperesiya ŵankhongono ŵa ku Achaemenid, awo ŵakalongozgekanga na Cambyses II, ŵakamba kuthereska Eguputo, ndipo paumaliro ŵakakora Farawo Psamtik III pa nkhondo ya Pelusium. Kufuma apo, Cambyses II wakamba kulamulira Eguputo kufuma ku nyumba yake ya Susa ku Peresiya (uko sono ni Iran). Mu nyengo ya Ufumu wa Ŵaeguputo, kufuma mu 525 m'paka mu 402 B.C.E., Ŵaperesiya ndiwo ŵakalamuliranga charu cha Eguputo. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 400 B.C.E., pakaŵa ŵanthu ŵachoko waka awo ŵakagalukira Ŵaperesiya, kweni Eguputo wakatondeka kuŵathereska.
Ufumu wa 30 ndiwo ukaŵa waumaliro kulamulira mu nyengo ya Farawo. Mu 343 B.C.E., msumba uwu ukathereskeka na Ŵaperesiya. Kweni ufumu waciŵiri wa Ŵaegupto ukamara yayi, pakuti Ŵaperesiya ŵakathereskeka na Alexander Mukuru. Ptolemy I Soter, uyo wakaŵa mulara wa ŵasilikari ŵa ku Makedoniya, ndiyo wakambiska ufumu wa Ptolemy.
Ptolemaic and Roman Egypt
Ufumu wa Ptolemaic ukaŵa ufumu wankhongono wa Ŵagiriki, uwo ukafumanga kumwera kwa Siriya kumafumiro gha dazi m'paka ku Kirene kumanjiliro gha dazi, na kumwera m'paka ku mphaka ya Nubia. Msumba wa Alekizandiriya ndiwo ukaŵa msumba ukuru wa Ŵagiriki, ndipo ndiwo ukendanga chomene na malonda. Kuti ŵanthu ŵa ku Eguputo ŵaŵatemwenge, ŵakajizunura kuti ndiwo ŵazamunjira mu malo gha Farawo. Ŵanalume ŵa Ptolemy awo ŵakaŵako pamasinda ŵakamba kutolera mitheto ya Ŵaeguputo, ŵakajambura vithuzithuzi vyawo mu vyakuvwara vya Ŵaeguputo, ndipo ŵakamba kuchitako vinthu vya cisopa.
Fumu yaumaliro ya mu mphapu ya Ptolemy yikaŵa Cleopatra VII, uyo wakajikoma wati wasunga mu mawoko Mark Antony, uyo wakafwa na lupanga. Ŵanthu ŵa mu ufumu wa Ptolemy ŵakasuzgikanga na ŵanthu ŵa ku Eguputo awo ŵakagalukira boma lawo. Ndipouli, cikaya ca Ŵagiriki cikalutilira kukura mu Egupto nanga ni apo Ŵasilamu ŵakamba kuwukira caru ici.
Ŵakhristu ŵakiza ku Eguputo na Mariko mulara mu nyengo ya Ŵakhristu ŵakwambilira. Mu nyengo ya muwuso wa Diocletian (284-305 C.E.), Ŵakhristu ŵanandi ku Eguputo ŵakatambuzgika. Pa nyengo iyi, Testamente la Sono likaŵa kuti lang'anamulika mu Ciegupto. Pamanyuma pa Msonkhano wa ku Chalcedon mu 451 C.E., Tchalitchi la Coptic la ku Eguputo likakhazikika.
Middle Ages (7th century – 1517)
Ŵa Byzantine ŵakaŵaso na mazaza pa charu ichi pamanyuma pa kuwukira kwa Ŵasasanid ku Persia kukwambilira kwa vyaka vya m'ma 600 C.E. Mu nyengo ya Nkhondo ya Ŵasasanid mu 602-628, ŵakazenga chigaŵa chiphya icho chikaŵako kwa vyaka 10 ndipo chikachemekanga kuti Sasanian Egypt. Ŵarabu ŵati ŵathereska ŵasilikari ŵa Byzantine ku Eguputo, ŵakiza na cisopa ca Ciisilamu mu caru ici. Nyengo yinyake mu nyengo iyi, Ŵaeguputo ŵakamba kusanganiska cisopa cawo ciphya na vigomezgo na maluso gha ŵanthu ŵa mu caru ici, ndipo ici cikapangiska kuti paŵe visopa vyaciSufiti ivyo vichalipo mpaka lero. Maluso agha ghakapona mu nyengo ya Ŵakhristu ŵa ku Coptic.
Mu 639 C.E., mulongozgi waciŵiri wa ŵasilikari, Umar, wakatuma ŵasilikari pafupifupi 4,000 ku Eguputo. Mu 640, ŵasilikari ŵanyake 5,000 ŵakakolerana nawo ndipo ŵakathereska ŵasilikari ŵa Roma pa nkhondo ya Heliopolis. Pamanyuma, Amr wakaluta ku Alexandria, uko wakajipeleka na phangano ilo wakalemba pa Novembala 8, 641. Mu 645, msumba wa Alekizandiriya ukaweleramo mu mawoko gha Ufumu wa Byzantium, kweni mu 646 Amr wakawupoka. Mu 654, Constans II wakatuma ŵasilikari ŵake kuti ŵarwe nkhondo. Kufuma pa nyengo iyi, Ŵaroma ŵa ku Byzantium ŵakayezgapo yayi kuti ŵambeso kulamulira caru ici.
Ŵaarabu ndiwo ŵakakhazikiska msumba ukuru wa Fustat, uwo pamasinda ukawotcheka pa nyengo ya Nkhondo za pa Mtunda. Pamanyuma, Cairo wakazengeka mu 986 C.E., ndipo ukaŵa msumba ukuru comene na usambazi comene mu caru ca Arabia.
Abbasid period
Mu nyengo ya Ŵababasi mukaŵa misonkho yiphya, ndipo mu chaka chachinayi cha muwuso wa Ŵababasi, Ŵacopti ŵakambaso kugaluka. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 900 C.E., Abdallah ibn Tahir wakamba kuwusa Eguputo kwizira mwa kazembe. Mu 828, Ŵaeguputo ŵakambaso kugaluka, ndipo mu 831, Ŵacipwitikizi ŵakakolerana na Ŵasilamu ŵa ku Eguputo. Nyengo yikati yajumphapo, Ŵababayidi ŵakaluza mazaza mu Baghdad, ndipo ŵasilikari ŵanandi ŵakamba kulamulira Eguputo.
Fatimids, Ayyubids and Mamluks
Mu vyaka vya m'ma 500 vyakulondezgapo, Ŵasilamu ndiwo ŵakalutilira kulamulira mu Eguputo, ndipo msumba wa Cairo ndiwo ukaŵa likuru la ufumu wa Fatimid. Paumaliro wa muwuso wa Ayyubid, Mamluk, gulu la ŵasilikari ŵa Turko-Circassian, ŵakamba kuwusa mu 1250. Kuumaliro wa vyaka vya m'ma 1300, Eguputo wakayaniskanga Nyanja Yiswesi na India, Malaya, na East Indies. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1400, nthenda yakuchemeka Black Death yikakoma ŵanthu pafupifupi 40 pa 100 mu charu ichi.
Early modern period: Ottoman Egypt (1517–1867)
Nyengo zose Ŵaeguputo ŵakasuzgikanga chomene kuti ŵaŵe na mazaza pa ufumu wa Ottoman, chifukwa cha mazaza gha Mamluks, gulu la ŵasilikari ŵa ku Eguputo.
Mu 1798, ŵasilikari ŵa ku France ŵa Napoleon Bonaparte ŵakanjira mu charu ichi. Ŵanalume ŵa ku France ŵakati ŵathereskeka na ŵa ku Britain, mu Eguputo mukaŵa suzgo la mazaza.
Muhammad Ali dynasty
Ŵafarisi ŵakati ŵachimbizgika, mu 1805 Muhammad Ali Pasha uyo wakaŵa mulongozgi wa ŵasilikari ŵa Ottoman ku Eguputo, ndiyo wakapoka mazaza. Nangauli wakaŵa wachiŵiri kwa fumu ya Eguputo, kweni wakajilambikanga waka ku fumu ya Ottoman. Muhammad Ali wakakoma ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Mamluks na kukhazikiska ufumu uwo ukawusa Eguputo m'paka mu 1952.
Muhammad Ali wakatora vyaru vya kumpoto kwa Sudan (1820-1824), Syria (1833), na vigaŵa vinyake vya Arabia na Anatolia. Kweni mu 1841, ŵamazaza ŵa ku Europe ŵakamuchichizga kuti wawezgere vinthu vinandi ivyo wakapoka ku Ottoman. Cifukwa ca kukhumba nkhondo, wakakhumbikwiranga kunozga caru: wakazenga mafakitale, maji ghakumwa na kwendeska magalimoto, na kunozga maofesi gha boma.
Wakazenga boma la ŵasilikari na ŵanthu pafupifupi 4 peresenti awo ŵakateŵeteranga mu ŵasilikari kuti Eguputo waŵe na mazaza mu Ufumu wa Ottoman mu nthowa iyo yikulongora vyakuyana na ivyo vikacitikanga na ŵasilikari ŵa Soviet (ŵambura Chikomyunizimu) mu virimika vya m'ma 1900.
Muhammad Ali Pasha wakasintha ŵasilikari kufuma ku ŵasilikari awo ŵakagwiranga ntchito za ku nyumba na nyumba kuŵa ŵasilikari ŵamazuŵa ghano. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1800, wakalemba ŵanalume wose awo ŵakakhalanga mu Eguputo kuti ŵanjire usilikari. Ŵasilikari ŵaphya ŵakeneranga kusambira na kusambizgika. Ŵanalume aŵa ŵakaŵasunganga mu nyumba za ŵasilikari kuti ŵaleke kutimbanizgika. Paumaliro, ŵanalume aŵa ŵakaleka kutinkha usilikari ndipo ŵakamba kutemwa chomene charu chawo. Wakawovwira gulu la nkhondo ili kuti Muhammad Ali waŵike mazaza ghake pa Eguputo.
Ndondomeko iyo Mohammad Ali Pasha wakalondezga mu nyengo ya kuwusa kwake yikulongosora cifukwa ico ciŵerengero ca ŵanthu awo ŵakamanyanga kuŵerenga mu Eguputo cikakuranga comene yayi pakuyaniska na vyaru vinyake vya ku North Africa na Middle-East.
Muhammad Ali wakasankhika na mwana wake Ibrahim (mu Seputembala 1848), kufuma apo muzukuru wake Abbas I (mu Novembala 1848), kufuma apo Said (mu 1854), na Isma'il (mu 1863) awo ŵakakhozga sayansi na ulimi na kukanizga wuzga mu Eguputo.
Khedivate of Egypt (1867–1914)
Mu nyengo ya muwuso wa Muhammad Ali, Eguputo wakaŵa chigaŵa cha Ottoman. Mu 1867, likapika mazaza gha kuŵa boma lakujiyimira palekha panji Khedivate.
Mu 1869, ŵakamalizga kuzenga Suez Canal. Ŵabangi ŵa ku Europe ndiwo ŵakagulira nyumba iyi. Kweniso ndalama zinandi zikagwiliskirika nchito na vimbundi. Ŵanthu ŵakakwiya chomene na misonkho yiphya iyo yikapelekeka. Mu 1875 Ismail wakaleka kunanga maji agha mwa kuguliska masheya ghose gha Eguputo ku boma la Britain. Mu vyaka vitatu ivi vikapangiska kuti mu Eguputo muŵe ŵamazaza ŵa ku Britain na France, awo "ŵakaŵa na mazaza pa boma".
Vinthu vinyake nga ni nthenda zakwambukira (nthenda ya ng'ombe mu ma 1880), vula na nkhondo vikapangiska kuti vinthu vyende makora yayi mu vyaru ivi. Ŵanthu ŵa ku malo agha ŵakakondwa yayi na Khedive kweniso umo ŵanthu ŵa ku Europe ŵakachitiranga vinthu. Ntheura mu 1879, gulu lakwamba la ŵanthu ŵakutemwa charu chawo likapangika. Pamanyuma pakuti vinthu vyamba kunangika chomene na kugaluka kwa ŵasilikari, mu 1882, Britain yikawukira Eguputo. Pamanyuma, Chediva wakazgoka chigaŵa cha Britain icho chikaŵa pasi pa Ufumu wa Ottoman.
Mu 1899, pakalembeka phangano la Anglo-Egyptian Condominium Agreement. Ndipouli, boma la Britain ndilo likaŵa na mazaza pa caru ca Sudan.
Mpande, Chasefu
Mpande ni msumba mu Boma la Chasefu, Zambia.
Kawoko, Chasefu
Kawoko ni msumba mu Boma la Chasefu, Zambia.
Egypt
Sultanate of Egypt (1914–1922)
Mu 1914, Ufumu wa Ottoman ukanjira mu Nkhondo Yakwamba ya Caru Cose pamoza na maufumu gha ku Central; Khedive Abbas II (uyo wakaŵa kuti wazgoka wankhaza comene ku Britain mu vilimika vyakumasinda) wakadumura kuti wawovwire caru cawo mu nkhondo. Pakulondezgapo, ŵa ku Britain ŵakamuwuskapo pa mazaza na kumupa munung'una wake Hussein Kamel.
Hussein Kamel wakapharazga kuti caru ca Eguputo capokera wanangwa kufuma ku ufumu wa Ottoman, ndipo wakamba kucemeka Sultan of Egypt. Pakati pajumpha nyengo yicoko waka kufuma apo caru ca Eguputo cikapokera wanangwa wake, caru ici cikamba kulamulirika na Britain.
Nkhondo Yakwamba ya Caru Cose yikati yamara, Saad Zaghlul na chipani ca Wafd ŵakalongozga gulu la ku Eguputo kuti liŵe na wanandi mu Nyumba ya Malango. Apo ŵa Britain ŵakathereska Zaghlul na ŵabwezi ŵake ku Malta pa 8 March 1919, caru ici cikaŵa na cipanduko cakwamba. Chigaluka ichi chikapangiska kuti boma la Britain lipharazge kuti charu cha Egypt chijilamulirenge chekha pa Febuluwale 22, 1922.
Kingdom of Egypt (1922–1953)
Wakati waŵa wakufwatuka ku ufumu wa Britain, Sultan Fuad I wakamba kulamulira nga ni Themba la Eguputo. Nangauli ufumu uwu ukaŵa wakufwatuka, kweni ukaŵa pasi pa ŵasilikari ŵa Britain. Mu 1923, boma liphya likanozga na kukhazikiska dango la ndyali. Chipani cha Wafd chikapambana pa mavoti gha 1923-1924 ndipo Saad Zaghloul wakasankhika kuŵa nduna yikuru.
Mu 1936, pakaŵa phangano la Anglo-Egypt ndipo ŵasilikari ŵa Britain ŵakafumamo mu Eguputo. Phangano ili likamazga yayi suzgo la Sudan, ilo likati mu 1899, mu nyengo ya Anglo-Egyptian Condominium Agreement, charu cha Sudan chikeneranga kulongozgeka na Eguputo na Britain, kweni mazaza ghenecho ghakaŵa mu mawoko gha Britain.
Ŵa Britain ŵakagwiliskiranga nchito caru ca Eguputo pa nkhondo izo ŵasilikari ŵa vyaru vinyake ŵakacitanga, comenecomene nkhondo izo ŵakacitanga na Italy na Germany ku North Africa. Iyo wakakhumbanga chomene kuti wakwaniske kulamulira vyaru vya kumafumiro gha dazi kwa nyanja ya Meditereniyani, na kujura Suez Canal kuti ŵamalonda ŵendengemo, kweniso kuti ŵenderenge nayo ku India na Australia. Boma la Eguputo, na ŵanthu ŵa mu Eguputo, ŵakacitapo kanthu pacoko mu Nkhondo Yachiŵiri ya Caru Cose. Nkhondo yikati yamba mu Seputembala 1939, Eguputo wakapharazga dango la nkhondo na kumazga ubwezi wake na Germany. Likapharazga nkhondo yayi ku Germany, kweni Nduna Yikuru yikakolerana na nkhondo ya Britain. Mu 1940, charu ichi chikamara kukolerana na Italy, kweni chikapharazga yayi nkhondo nanga ni apo ŵasilikari ŵa Italy ŵakanjira mu Eguputo. Themba Farouk likaŵa na maghanoghano ghakuyana waka na gha ŵanthu ŵa ku Eguputo. Ŵasilikari ŵa Eguputo ŵakarwa nkhondo yayi. Ŵalara ŵa ŵasilikari ŵakawonanga kuti ŵasilikari ŵa Britain ndiwo ŵakutimbanizga nkhondo. Mu Juni 1940, themba likamulekeska ntchito nduna yikuru Aly Maher. Boma liphya likapangika na Hassan Pasha Sabri uyo wakaŵa nduna yikuru.
Pamanyuma pa suzgo la nduna mu Febuluwale 1942, kazembe Sir Miles Lampson, wakakhwimiska Farouk kuti waŵe na boma la Wafd panji la Wafd-coalition ilo lingasintha boma la Hussein Sirri Pasha. Pa usiku wa Febuluwale 4, 1942, ŵasilikari ŵa Britain na matangi ŵakazingilizga nyumba ya Abdeen ku Cairo ndipo Lampson wakapeleka dango kwa Farouk. Farouk wakajipeleka, ndipo Nahhas wakambiska boma. Ndipouli, Farouk wakakhozgeka soni, ndipo ivyo Wafd wakacita pakukolerana na ŵa ku Britain na kupoka mazaza, vikapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵa ku Britain na Wafd ŵaleke kukhozgeka na ŵasilikari kweniso ŵasilikari ŵa ku Egypt.
Kamoto, Chasefu
Kamoto ni msumba mu Boma la Chasefu, Zambia.
Egypt
Kingdom of Egypt (1922–1953)
Mu 1947, ŵasilikari ŵanandi ŵa Britain ŵakawelera ku Suez Canal (nangauli ŵasilikari ŵa Britain ŵakaŵa na msasa wa ŵasilikari mu malo agha), kweni nkhondo yikati yamara, ŵanthu ŵakalutilira kutinkha Britain. Ŵanthu ŵakamba kutinkha muwuso wa ufumu wa ufumu wa Babuloni. Mu 1950, chipani cha Wafd chikathereskeka ndipo themba likakanizgika kusankha Mostafa El-Nahas kuŵa nduna yikuru. Mu 1951, Eguputo wakafumamo mu phangano la Anglo-Egypt la 1936 ndipo wakaphalira ŵasilikari wose ŵa Britain kuti ŵafumemo mu Suez Canal.
Ŵanandi ŵakakana kufumamo mu msasa wawo uwo ukaŵa pafupi na Suez Canal, ndipo boma la Eguputo likakana kuŵapa maji na vyakurya mu msasa wa Suez Canal. Pa Janyuwale 24, 1952, ŵasilikari ŵa ku Eguputo ŵakaŵawukira ŵasilikari ŵa ku Britain. Pa 25 January, Jenerale George Erskine wakatuma magaleta gha nkhondo gha Britain na ŵasilikari kuti ŵazingilire ofesi ya ŵapolisi ku Ismailia ndipo wakapeleka ora limoza kuti ŵapolisi ŵapeleke vilwero. Mulara wa ŵapolisi wakachema nduna ya mukati, Fouad Serageddin, woko lamalyero la Nahas, uyo wakakhwanga ndudu mu bathtub yake pa nyengo iyi, kuti wamufumbe usange wakwenera kujipeleka panji kurwa nkhondo. Serageddin wakaphalira ŵapolisi kuti ŵarwe "m'paka munthu waumaliro na futi yaumaliro". Nkhondo iyi yikapangiska kuti ŵapolisi ŵakome ŵapolisi 43 ŵa ku Eguputo na ŵasilikari ŵatatu ŵa ku Britain. Cinthu ico cikacitika ku Ismailia cikakwiyiska comene Eguputo. Zuŵa lakulondezgapo, 26 January 1952, likaŵa "Zuŵa laciŵiri lakufipirwa", nga ni umo vivulupi vyakwimikana na Britain vikaŵira, ndipo msumba ukuru wa Cairo uwo Khedive Ismail the Magnificent wakazenga mwakuyana na umo ŵakazengera ku Paris, ukawotcheka. Farouk wakanena Wafd chifukwa cha chipolowe cha Black Saturday, ndipo wakathereska Nahas pa udindo wa nduna yikuru zuŵa lakulondezgapo. Wakasinthika na Aly Maher Pasha.
Hechingen
Hechingen ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Egypt
Kingdom of Egypt (1922–1953)
Ŵanthu ŵakakhumbanga kuti vinthu visinthe mwaluŵiro, ntheura pa Ogasiti 12, 1952, ŵaganyu ŵa mu tawuni ya Kafr Dawar ŵakagaŵikana. Pamanyuma pa kuyezgapo nyengo yichoko waka na boma la ŵanthu ŵambura mulandu, Ŵasilikari Ŵakufwatuka ŵakalekeska muwuso wa ufumu na dango la mu 1923 ndipo ŵakapharazga kuti Eguputo ni republic pa Juni 18, 1953. Naguib wakaŵikika kuŵa pulezidenti, ndipo Nasser wakaŵa nduna yikuru..
Heide
Heide ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Hauzenberg
Hauzenberg ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Koropete, Chasefu
Koropete ni msumba mu Chigaŵa cha Luwerezi, mu Boma la Chasefu, Zambia.
Egypt
Republic of Egypt (1953–1958)
Pamanyuma pa kugaluka kwa mu 1952, boma la Eguputo likapokeka na ŵasilikari ndipo magulu ghose gha ndyali ghakakanizgika. Pa Juni 18, 1953, boma la Egypt likamba kulamulira, ndipo Mulara Muhammad Naguib ndiyo wakaŵa pulezidenti wakwamba.
President Nasser (1956–1970)
Naguib wakacicizgika kufumapo mu 1954 na Gamal Abdel Nasser, pan-Arabist ndipo ndiyo wakambiska nadi gulu la 1952. Naguib wakati waleka mulimo wake, udindo wa pulezidenti ukaŵavya m'paka apo Gamal Abdel Nasser wakasankhikira mu 1956.
Nasser wakamba kuwusa mu Juni 1956. Ŵasilikari ŵa Britain ŵakamalizga kufumamo mu Suez Canal Zone pa Juni 13, 1956. Wakamba kugwiliskira ntchito nthowa ya Suez Canal pa Julayi 26, 1956; umo wakachitiranga na Israyeli kweniso vinthu vyachuma vikapangiska kuti paŵe Nkhondo Yachiŵiri ya Ŵaarabu na Israyeli (Suez Crisis). Nkhondo yikamara cifukwa ca ndyali za ku United States na Soviet Union ndipo vinthu vikambaso kwenda makora.
Holzgerlingen
Holzgerlingen ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Egypt
United Arab Republic (1958–1971)
Mu 1958, Eguputo na Siriya ŵakamba kukolerana ndipo ŵakacemeka United Arab Republic. Mu 1961, charu cha Syria chikapatuka. Mu nyengo yose iyo yikaŵako, charu cha United Arab Republic chikakolerananga na charu cha North Yemen (panji Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen). Mu 1959, boma la Palestina lose la Gaza, ilo likaŵa la Ŵaeguputo, likapokelereka na boma la United Arab Republic, ndipo likaŵaso na mazaza yayi. Mu 1962, pakaŵa chipani chiphya chakuchemeka Arab Socialist Union.
Kukwambilira kwa m'ma 1960, Eguputo wakanjilirapo comene pa nkhondo ya ku North Yemen. Pulezidenti wa ku Eguputo, Gamal Abdel Nasser, wakawovwira ŵasilikari ŵa ku Yemen na ŵasilikari 70,000 ŵa ku Eguputo na vilwero vya makemikolo. Nangauli ŵasilikari ŵakachitapo kanthu na kukolerana kuti paŵe mtende, kweni nkhondo yikamara. Pamanyuma, ivyo Eguputo wakacita pa nkhani ya Yemen vikasuzgika comene.
Pakati pa mwezi wa Meyi 1967, Soviet Union yikachenjezga Nasser kuti Israyeli wizenge na nkhondo ku Syria. Nangauli mulara wa ŵasilikari, Mohamed Fawzi, wakawona kuti ivyo ŵakayowoya vikaŵa vyawakawaka, kweni Nasser wakachitapo vinthu vitatu ivyo vikapangiska kuti nkhondo yileke kumara. Pa Meyi 14, wakatuma ŵasilikari ŵake ku Sinai kufupi na mphaka na Israyeli. Pa Meyi 19, wakachimbizga ŵasilikari ŵa UN awo ŵakakhalanga ku mphaka ya Sinai na Israyeli. Pa Meyi 23, wakajara Mphepete mwa Nyanja ya Tiran kuti ŵanthu ŵa Israyeli ŵaleke kwendera. Pa Meyi 26, Nasser wakayowoya kuti: "Nkhondo iyi yizamuŵa yikuru comene ndipo cilato cithu cikuru cizamuŵa kuparanya Israyeli".
Israyeli wakawerezgapo kuti kujara dambo la Tiran kukaŵa suzgo. Ivi vikapangiska kuti paŵe Nkhondo Yachitatu ya Ŵaarabu na Israyeli (Nkhondo ya Mazuŵa 6), iyo yikati yachitika, Israyeli wakawukira Eguputo na kupoka chirwa cha Sinai na Gaza. Pa nyengo ya nkhondo ya mu 1967, boma likakhazikiska dango lakuyowoya za suzgo la ŵasilikari, ndipo likaŵako m'paka mu 2012, kupaturako nyengo ya myezi 18 mu 1980/81. Dango ili likasazgirako mazaza gha ŵapolisi, kukanizga wanangwa wa ŵanthu, na kuzomerezga censorship.
Pa nyengo iyo ufumu wa Eguputo ukaparanyikira mu 1950, ŵanthu ŵakukwana hafu ya miliyoni ŵakaŵa ŵasambazi, ŵanthu mamiliyoni ghanayi ŵakaŵa ŵasambazi, ndipo 17 ŵakaŵa ŵakavu. Ŵana ŵambura kukwana hafu pa ŵana wose ŵa vyaka vya kusukulu ŵakasambiranga sukulu, ndipo ŵanandi ŵakaŵa ŵanyamata. Fundo za Nasser zikasintha vinthu. Kusintha kwa vinthu pa nkhani ya malo na kugaŵa, kusazgikira kwa masambiro gha ku yunivesite, na wovwiri wa boma ku mafakitale gha mu vyaru vyawo, vikovwira kuti ŵanthu ŵendenge makora pa umoyo wawo. Kufuma mu chaka cha masambiro cha 1953-54 m'paka mu 1965-66, chiŵelengero cha ŵana ŵa sukulu awo ŵakalembeskeka ku sukulu za boma chikakwera chomene. Ŵanthu mamiliyoni ghanandi awo ŵakaŵa ŵakavu mu Eguputo, ŵakamba kukhala mu mskambo wa ŵanthu ŵakufuma ku vyaru vinyake. Ŵadokotala, mainjiniya, ŵasambizgi, maloya, na ŵapharazgi ndiwo ŵakaŵa ŵanthu ŵanandi chomene mu Eguputo. Mu m'ma 1960, chuma cha Eguputo chikamba kuchepa ndipo chikaŵa pafupi kumara, ŵanthu ŵakamba kuŵa ŵambura wanangwa, ndipo Nasser wakaleka kutchuka.
President Sadat (1970–1981)
Mu 1970, pulezidenti Nasser wakafwa na nthenda ya mtima ndipo Anwar Sadat ndiyo wakanjira mu malo ghake. Sadat wakasintha maghanoghano gha Eguputo pa nkhani ya nkhondo yakuzizima kufuma ku Soviet Union kuya ku United States, ndipo mu 1972 wakachimbizga ŵapharazgi ŵa Soviet. Wakambiska ndondomeko ya kusintha vinthu pa vya cuma ya Infitah, uku wakulimbana na visopa na ŵanthu ŵambura kusopa. Mu 1973, Eguputo pamoza na Siriya, ŵakambiska Nkhondo Yachinayi ya Ŵaarabu na Israyeli (Yom Kippur War), kuwukira kwachilendo kuti ŵatore chigaŵa cha Sinai icho Israyeli wakapoka vyaka 6 kumasinda. Paumaliro, Israyeli wakathereska nkhondo iyi, kweni vinthu vikamwendera makora chomene mu Eguputo, ndipo Sadat wakawuskapo nkhongono na mtima wa Ŵaeguputo.
Havelberg
Havelberg ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Egypt
President Sadat (1970–1981)
Mu 1975, Sadat wakasintha ndondomeko ya Nasser ya vyachuma ndipo wakayezga kugwiliskira nchito kutchuka kwake kuti wachepeske malango gha boma na kukhuŵilizga ndalama zakunja kwizira mu ndondomeko yake ya Infitah. Kwizira mu ndyali iyi, ŵanthu ŵakamba kukopeka na misonkho yakuchepeskeka na mitheto yakugulira vinthu ku vyaru vinyake. Nangauli ndondomeko ya Sadat yikaŵa ya kuzgora caru ca Egypt kuŵa ciphya na kovwira ŵanthu ŵa cigaŵa capakati, kweni yikapindulira comene ŵanthu ŵa cigaŵa capacanya, ndipo cifukwa ca kulekeska wovwiri wa vyakurya, yikapangiska kuti mu 1977 ku Eguputo kuŵe vivulupi vya vyakurya.
Mu 1977, Sadat wakawuskapo wupu wa Arab Socialist Union na kuwusintha na National Democratic Party.
Sadat wakaluta ku Israyeli mu 1977, ndipo wakafika pa phangano la mtende pakati pa Eguputo na Israyeli mu 1979 kuti Israyeli wafumeko ku Sinai. Ŵaeguputo nawo ŵakazomera kuti Israyeli ni ufumu wawo. Ivyo Sadat wakacita vikapangiska kuti mu vyaru vya Ŵaarabu muŵe mphindano zikuru comene ndipo vikapangiska kuti Eguputo wafumemo mu wupu wa Arab League. Sadat wakakomeka na munthu munyake wa cisopa ca Cisilamu mu Okutobala 1981.
President Mubarak (1981–2011)
Hosni Mubarak wakafika pa mazaza pamanyuma pakuti Sadat wakomeka pa referendum apo iyo yekha ndiyo wakaŵa wakwimilira.
Hosni Mubarak wakadidimizgapo ubwezi wa Eguputo na Israyeli kweni wakachepeskako mphindano na ŵazengezgani ŵa Eguputo. Mubarak wakasangana na masuzgo ghakuru mu caru cake. Nangauli vyakurya vikakura, kweni ŵanthu ŵakasazgikiranga yayi. Ukavu na kusoŵa nchito vikapangiska mbumba za ku mizi kuti zilute ku misumba nga ni Cairo uko zikakhala mu malo ghakukhala ŵanthu ŵacoko waka.
Pa Febuluwale 25, 1986, ŵapolisi ŵakamba kugaluka cifukwa ca ivyo ŵakayowoya kuti ŵasazgirenge uteŵeti wawo kufuma pa vilimika vitatu kufika pa vinayi. Mu Cairo, mahotelo, ma nightclub, malo gha vyakurya na ma casino ghakasuzgika ndipo kukaŵa vivulupi mu misumba yinyake. Ŵakapeleka dango lakuti ŵaleke kwiza ku nyumba zuŵa lililose. Vikatora mazuŵa ghatatu kuti ŵasilikari ŵambeso kwendeska vinthu.
Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1980, 1990, na 2000, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakakoleka na vigeŵenga ku Eguputo. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1990, gulu linyake la chisopa la Al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya, likamba kuchita nkhaza zinandi, kwambira pa kukoma ŵanthu na kuyezga kukoma ŵanthu ŵakumanyikwa, na kupweteka ŵalendo. Vinthu vikasuzga comene cigaŵa cikuru comene ca vya cuma ca ku Eguputo, ico ni vyakusanguluska, kweniso boma.
Mu nyengo ya muwuso wa Mubarak, chipani cha National Democratic Party ndicho chikaŵa na mazaza pa ndyali. Likapeleka dango la vyamalonda la 1993, la 1995 la vyakupharazga, na la 1999 la mawupu ghambura kwendera boma, ilo likakanizga wanangwa wa kuwungana na kuyowoya mwa kuŵika malango ghaphya na kulanga ŵanthu awo ŵakuswa malango agha. Paumaliro wa vyaka vya m'ma 1990, ndyali za mu nyumba za malango zikaŵa zambura ntchito, ndipo nthowa zinyake izo ŵanthu ŵakulongolera maghanoghano ghawo zikamba kuchepa.
Pa Novembala 17, 1997, ŵanthu 62, comenecomene ŵalendo, ŵakakomeka kufupi na Luxor.
Kuumaliro wa Febuluwale 2005, Mubarak wakapharazga za kusintha kwa dango lakusankhira pulezidenti, ndipo ivi vikapangiska kuti paŵe mavoti gha ŵanthu ŵanandi. Ndipouli, dango liphya ili likaŵa na mphaka pa ŵanthu awo ŵakeneranga kuŵa ŵalongozgi, ndipo likawovwira kuti Mubarak wasankhike mwambura kusuzgika. Kuvota kukaŵa pasi pa 25%. Awo ŵakulaŵilira vyakusankha ŵakayowoyaso kuti boma likunjilirapo. Pambuyo pa chisankhocho, Mubarak adamanga Ayman Nour, wachiwiri.
Lipoti la wupu wa Human Rights Watch la mu 2006 pa nkhani ya Eguputo likulongosora umo ŵanthu ŵakuswa wanangwa wawo, kusazgapo kutambuzgika, kukakika mwambura kwenelera, na kweruzgika panthazi pa makhoti gha ŵasilikari na gha boma. Mu 2007, wupu wakuwona vya wanangwa wa ŵanthu wa Amnesty International ukalemba lipoti ilo likati Eguputo wazgoka malo ghakusoperapo ŵanthu. Mwaluŵiro, Unduna wa vya Vyaru wa ku Eguputo ukakanira lipoti ili.
Hamm
Hamm ni msumba wakusangika mu charu cha Germany, cha pakati mu chilwa chikulu cha Ulaya.
Egypt
President Mubarak (1981–2011)
Pa 19 Malichi, 2007, boma likasintha malango agho ghakakanizga ŵandyali kugwiliskira ntchito chisopa pakuchita vinthu vya ndyali. Mu 2009, Dr. Ali El Deen Hilal Dessouki, Secretary of Media of the National Democratic Party (NDP), wakalongosora kuti Eguputo ni boma la "pharaonic", ndipo demokilase ni "cilato ca nyengo yitali". Dessouki wakayowoyaso kuti "chipatala ndicho chili na mazaza chomene mu Eguputo".
Revolution (2011)
Pa January 25, 2011, ŵanthu ŵakamba kususka boma la Mubarak. Pa 11 February 2011, Mubarak wakafumapo na kucimbira ku Cairo. Ŵanthu ŵakakondwa chomene na nkhani iyi mu Tahrir Square ku Cairo. Ŵasilikari ŵa Eguputo ndiwo ŵakamba kulamulira. Mohamed Hussein Tantawi, mulongozgi wa wupu wa Supreme Council of the Armed Forces, wakaŵa mutu wa boma. Pa Febuluwale 13, 2011, ŵasilikari ŵakamazga nyumba ya malango na kukanizga dango la ndyali.
Pa 19 Malichi, 2011, ŵakachita referendum yakukhwaskana na dango la boma. Pa Novembala 28, 2011, Eguputo wakachita chisankho chakwamba chaparamende kufuma apo boma lakale likambira kulamulira. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakiza pa ungano uwu ndipo pakaŵavya ukali panji vinthu vinyake vyambura kwenelera.
President Morsi (2012–2013)
Mohamed Morsi wakasankhika kuŵa purezidenti pa 24 Juni 2012. Pa Juni 30, 2012, Mohamed Morsi wakapika mazaza kuŵa pulezidenti wa Eguputo. Pa 2 Ogasiti 2012, nduna yikuru ya Eguputo Hisham Qandil yikapharazga boma lake la ŵanthu 35 la ŵanthu 28 ŵaphya, kusazgapo ŵanayi ŵa gulu la Muslim Brotherhood.
Ivi vikapangiska kuti mu Eguputo mose muŵe vivulupi. Pa Disembala 5, 2012, ŵanthu masauzandi ghanandi awo ŵakakolerana na Morsi ŵakakumana, ndipo kukaŵa nkhondo yikuru chomene pakati pa Ŵasilamu na ŵalwani ŵawo kwambira apo charu ichi chikambira kuwukira. Mohamed Morsi wakapeleka mwaŵi wa "kudumbiskana na ŵalongozgi ŵa chipani chakususka" kweni wakakana kulekeska referendum ya mu 2012.
Kalondola, Chasefu
Kalondola ni msumba mu Boma la Chasefu, Zambia.