cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
YouTube
Nkhani za YouTube
Mu 2018, YouTube yikamba kuyezga nthowa yiphya yakuchemeka "YouTube Reels". Chigaŵa ichi chili nga ni nkhani za pa Instagram na Snapchat. Pamanyuma, YouTube yikasintha zina lakuti "Nkhani za pa YouTube". Ŵekha awo ŵali na ŵabwezi ŵakujumpha 10,000 ndiwo ŵangawoneska vidiyo iyi.
YouTuber earnings
Pali ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 1 miliyoni awo ŵali mu gulu la YouTube. Kuyana na TubeMogul, mu 2013, malonda agho ghakuŵa pa YouTube pambere vidiyo yindayambe, ghakaŵanga na mtengo wa madola 7.60 pa ŵanthu 1,000. Kanandi pa mavidiyo agha, ghaŵiri pera ndigho ghakuŵa na pharazgo pambere vidiyo yindambe kuwonekera.
Vinthu Vyakovwira Ŵanthu
Nkhani ikulu: Mmene YouTube Imakhudzira Anthu
YouTuber earnings
Ndondomeko ya YouTube yikukanizga vinthu vinyake kuti vileke kusangika mu mavidiyo agho ghakuŵa na ndalama chifukwa cha malonda, kusazgapo mavidiyo agho ghali na nkhaza, kayowoyero kaheni, vya kugonana, "vinthu vyakukhuŵazga panji vyakupweteka, kusazgapo vinthu vyakukhwaskana na nkhondo, viwawa vya ndyali, masoka ghacilengiwa na masoka, nanga ni para palije vithuzithuzi vyambura kulongosoreka" (panji usange ivyo vili mu mavidiyo agha "ni vya nkhani panji vyakusekeska ndipo uyo wakuvipanga wakukhumba kuvumbura panji kusanguluska"), ndiposo mavidiyo agho mazgu gha awo ŵakuvigwiliskira ntchito ghali na vinthu "vyambura kwenelera".
Malo ghakuliskako ŵanthu
Webusayiti iyi yikaŵa ya mafoni ndipo yikamba kugwiliskira ntchito HTML5 mu Julayi 2010. Kweniso pa foni pali app ya Android.
Chuma cha Afilika
Kupanga vinthu
Vyaru vinyake nga ni Mauritius vili na mapulani gha kupanga vinthu viphya ivyo vikovwira kuti vinthu vileke kunangika. Vinthu vyanthena ivi vingapangiska kuti mu vyaru vya mu Africa muŵe misika yiphya, chifukwa ŵanthu ŵakukhazga kuti kunthazi vinthu viheni vichitikenge chifukwa cha mafuta ghapasi pa charu chose.
Chikoloni
Ukavu uwo ukaŵa mu Africa ukamba ni kale comene pambere ŵanthu ŵandambe kulamulira caru. Mu buku lake lakuti Guns, Germs, and Steel, Jared Diamond wakulongosora kuti charu cha Africa chikalutilira kuŵa na ukavu chifukwa cha vinthu vinandi ivyo vikachitiska kuti ŵanthu ŵasuzgikenge. Vinthu ivi ni unandi wa ŵanthu ŵachoko, viŵeto vyambura kulengeka makora na vyakumera, kweniso charu cha Africa chili kumpoto na kumwera. Kweni ŵanyake ŵakususka fundo za Diamond, kusazgapo James Morris Blaut. John K. Thornton wakati mu nyengo ya Ŵakhristu ŵakwambilira, mu Africa mukaŵa vinthu vinandi chomene. Ŵasayansi ŵanyake ŵakugomezga kuti mu nyengo yakale, mu Africa mukaŵa ŵanthu ŵakavu chomene kuluska mu vyaru vinyake. Mwaciyelezgero, Acemoglue na Robinson ŵakayowoya kuti vyaru vinandi vya mu Africa vikaŵa vikavu, kweni "Aksum, Ghana, Songhay, Mali, [na] Great Zimbabwe... vikaŵa vyakutukuka nga ni vyaru vinyake". Ŵanthu ŵanyake nga ni Rodney na Joseph E. Inikori wakayowoya kuti ukavu wa mu Africa pakwamba kwa nyengo ya ukoloni ukaŵa cifukwa ca kuchepa kwa ŵanthu awo ŵakaguliskikanga ŵazga kweniso cifukwa ca kusintha kwa vinthu. Ŵanyake nga ni J. D. Kuŵa wakukondwa. Fage na David Eltis ŵakususka fundo iyi.
YouTube
Kugwiliskira nchito pakati pa ŵanthu awo ŵakutemwa kusankhana mitundu
Mu Meyi 2019, YouTube yikajibatika ku chilato cha France na New Zealand pamoza na vyaru vinyake na makampani gha vya tekinoloje kuti ŵasange nthowa zakugwiliskira nchito kuti ŵaleke kutinkha ŵanthu pa intaneti na kupanga malango agho ghakwendeskeka pa caru cose. Pamanyuma, pa Juni 5, 2019, YouTube yikapharazga kuti yingasintha chomene malango ghake, "kwambura kuzomerezga mavidiyo agho ghakulongora kuti gulu linyake ndakuzirwa chomene kuti ŵanthu ŵaleke kusankhana mitundu, kupatulika, panji kusankhana chifukwa cha msinkhu wawo, mtundu wawo, mtundu, chisopa, kugonana kwawo, panji chifukwa cha umo ŵakuchitira". Pa YouTube pakaŵa mavidiyo ghanyake agho "ghakukhozga panji kuchindika visambizgo vya Nazi, ivyo ni vyakusankhana". YouTube yikayowoyaso kuti "yiwuskenge nkhani izo zikukana kuti vinthu vyakofya ivyo vili kulembeka makora, nga ni Holocaust panji kuwombera ku sukulu ya Sandy Hook, vikacitika".
Maonekelo
Pakwamba YouTube yikapelekanga mavidiyo gha mtundu umoza pera, agho ghakaŵa na ma pixels 320×240 pakugwiliskira nchito codec ya Sorenson Spark (iyo ni H.263), pamoza na sumu za MP3 za mtundu umoza. Mu Juni 2007, YouTube yikaŵaso na mwaŵi wa kuwonelera mavidiyo mu 3GP pa mafoni. Mu Malichi 2008, ŵakasazgirako mtundu wa high-quality mode, uwo ukasazgirako ma pixels 480×360. Mu Disembala 2008, ŵakasazgirako vidiyo ya 720p. Pa nyengo ya kukhazikiskika kwa 720p, YouTube player yikasinthika kufuma ku 4:3 aspect ratio kuya ku widescreen 16:9. Na fundo iyi, YouTube yikamba kusintha kuti yiŵe na H.264/MPEG-4 AVC. Mu Novembala 2009, ŵakasazgirako vidiyo ya 1080p. Mu Julayi 2010, YouTube yikapharazga kuti yapanga mavidiyo ghanandi gha mtundu wa 4K, agho ghangaŵa na vithuzithuzi vyakukwana 4096×3072. Mu Julayi 2010, ŵakasazgirako vidiyo ya mtundu wa 4K. Mu Juni 2015, ŵakasazgirako vidiyo ya 8K, ndipo mavidiyo agha ghakaŵa na vithuzithuzi 7680×4320. Mu Novembala 2016, ŵakasazgirako vidiyo ya HDR iyo yingalembeka na HLG panji PQ. Vidiyo ya HDR yingalembeka na mtundu wa Rec. 2020.
Chuma cha Afilika
Wovwiri wa ku vyaru vinyake
Kwamba kale, wovwiri wa vyakurya ukuyana comene na vyakurya ivyo vyasoŵa mu vyaru vya ku vyaru vya kumanjiliro gha dazi kuluska ivyo vikukhumbikwa mu vyaru vyakusintha. Kufuma mu ma 1980, wovwiri wakufuma ku vyaru vinyake waŵa cigaŵa cakuzirwa comene ca vyachuma mu Africa.
Kugwira ntchito za migodi na kubowola
Mu vyaru vya ku Africa, vinthu vyakuzirwa chomene ni bauxite, cobalt, dayamondi, phosphate, platinamu, vermiculite, na zirconium. Vinthu vinyake vinandi ivyo vikuzunulika mu Baibolo vilipo. Chiŵelengero cha vyakumera vya mu charu cha Africa mu 2005 nchakuti: bauxite 9%; aluminium 5%; chromite 44%; cobalt 57%; mkuwa 5%; golide 21%; iron ore 4%; steel 2%; lead (Pb) 3%; manganese 39%; zinc 2%; cement 4%; natural diamond 46%; graphite 2%; phosphate rock 31%; coal 5%; mineral fuels (including coal) & petroleum 13%; uranium 16%.
YouTube
Child safety and wellbeing
Later that year, YouTube came under criticism for showing inappropriate videos targeted at children and often featuring popular characters in violent, sexual or otherwise disturbing situations, many of which appeared on YouTube Kids and attracted millions of views. The term "Elsagate" was coined on the Internet and then used by various news outlets to refer to this controversy. On November 11, 2017, YouTube announced it was strengthening site security to protect children from unsuitable content. Later that month, the company started to mass delete videos and channels that made improper use of family-friendly characters. As part of a broader concern regarding child safety on YouTube, the wave of deletions also targeted channels that showed children taking part in inappropriate or dangerous activities under the guidance of adults. Most notably, the company removed Toy Freaks, a channel with over 8.5 million subscribers, that featured a father and his two daughters in odd and upsetting situations. According to analytics specialist SocialBlade, it earned up to £8.7 million annually prior to its deletion.
Chuma cha Afilika
Kupanga vinthu
Chigomezgo ichi, pamoza na kuŵapo kwa ŵalongozgi ŵaphya mu Africa kunthazi, vikapangiska kuti paŵe lizgu lakuti "Chaka cha ku Africa". Cigomezgo ici ca ŵanthu awo ŵakucita malonda na vyakupangapanga cikovwira cifukwa cakuti mu vyaru vinandi vya ku Africa, vinthu vikwenda makora comene pa nkhani ya mawoko. Mu vyaka vyasonosono apa, Namibia wali kukopa ndalama mu mafakitale, ndipo South Africa nayo wali kwamba kupeleka ndalama zakovwira ŵanthu kuti ŵasange ndalama zakwendeskera malonda.
YouTube
Kugwiliskira nchito pakati pa ŵanthu awo ŵakutemwa kusankhana mitundu
Pambere chaka cha 2019 chindafike, YouTube yikawuskapo mavidiyo panji tumavidiyo uto tukasuskanga fundo za ŵanthu awo ŵakutemwa chomene kusankhana mitundu.
Maonekelo
Chifukwa cha ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakulaŵilira mavidiyo agha, YouTube yikasintha nyengo yichoko waka. YouTube yikapanga chip chake, chakuchemeka Argos, kuti chiwovwire pakukopera mavidiyo ghapachanya mu 2021.
Comment system <span class="anchor" id="User_comments">
Pamanyuma, pa Julayi 27, 2015, Google yikapharazga mu blog kuti yizamuwuskapo dango lakuti munthu wakwenera kuŵa na akaunti ya Google+ kuti walembepo ivyo wakuyowoya pa YouTube. Pa Novembala 3, 2016, YouTube yikapharazga ndondomeko ya kuyezga iyo yikovwira awo ŵakupanga mavidiyo kuti ŵasankhepo ŵekha usange ŵakukhumba kuzomerezga, kubisa, panji kupeleka lipoti pa ivyo ŵanthu ŵakuyowoya. Awo ŵakulemba nkhani ŵangasankha kusunga panji kufumiska mazgu agho ghali na maulayizgano panji ma hashtag kuti ŵaleke kutumizga mauthenga ghaheni. Ŵangazomerezgaso ŵanthu ŵanyake kuti ŵaŵikengepo maghanoghano ghawo.
Maonekelo
Mu vigaŵa vinyake, YouTube yikovwira munthu uyo wakujura kuti wasinthe mavidiyo agho ghakaŵako kale chomene. Ubwezi unyake uwo ŵakachita na Universal Music Group ukaŵa wa kupanga mavidiyo 1,000.
Kuŵerenga pa Intaneti
YouTube yikachita viyezgo vyakwambilira pa nkhani ya kuwonelera vinthu vyamuyirayira, kusazgapo ungano wa U2 mu 2009, na ungano wa mafumbo na mazgoro na pulezidenti wa ku United States Barack Obama mu Febuluwale 2010. Kuyezgelera uku kukajintha pa maukadaulo gha ŵabwezi ŵachitatu, kweni mu Seputembala 2010, YouTube yikamba kuyezga nthowa yake yakwendeskera. Mu Epulero 2011, YouTube yikapharazga kuti yivulenge YouTube Live. Pakwamba, ŵanthu ŵekha ndiwo ŵakawoneleranga vidiyo iyi. Kanema uyu wakagwiliskirika ntchito pa nkhani za pa nyengo yake nga ni maseŵero gha ku London mu 2012. Mu Okutobala 2012, ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 8 miliyoni ŵakawonelera umo Felix Baumgartner wakadukira kufuma ku mphepete mwa mlengalenga.
Mafilimu gha pa YouTube
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Chuma cha Afilika
Umo vinthu viliri sono
Vinthu ivyo vyakhwaska ndalama mu vyaru vya mu Africa mpaka pakati pa 2020 vikaŵa pafupifupi 1 ¢2% ya GDP, ndipo ndalama izo ŵakakhwaska zikaŵa pafupifupi 2% ya GDP. Ichi chili kufupi na chiŵelengero cha IMF pa charu chose cha vyaru vyakukhulirakulira ivyo vikusanga ndalama zichoko, icho chili pafupifupi 2% ya GDP ya 2020 mu chaka chimoza kufuma apo nthenda ya COVID-19 yikambira. Pa nyengo yeneyiyo, vyaru vyakusintha vikapokera ndalama zakukwana pafupifupi 4% ya GDP, apo vyaru vyakusintha vikapokera ndalama zakukwana 16% ya GDP. Apo vyaru vya mu Africa vikasuzgikanga kuti vileke kusuzgika na nthenda iyi, ndalama izo ŵanthu ŵakagwiliskiranga ntchito mu Africa zikakwera kufuma pa 5% ya GDP mu 2019 kufika pa 8% mu 2020. Cifukwa ca kucepa kwa ndalama, suzgo la ndalama likapangiska kuti ŵambeso kutora ngongoli zinandi.
Mbiri
Kwa vyaka vinandi, vyaru vya mu Africa vikaŵa na vinthu vinandi ivyo vikendeskeka na malonda agho ghakachitikanga pakati pa misumba na maufumu. Misewu yinyake yikendanga pa mtunda, yinyake pa milonga, ndipo yinyake yikazingilizga misumba ya ku dowoko. Maufumu ghakurughakuru gha mu Africa ghakazgoka gha cuma cifukwa ca malonda ghawo, nga ni Eguputo wakale, Nubia, Mali, Ashanti, Ufumu wa Oyo na Carthage wakale. Vigaŵa vinyake vya mu Africa vikaŵa paubwezi wakukhora na maufumu gha Ŵaarabu, ndipo mu nyengo ya Ufumu wa Ottoman, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa mu Africa ŵakamba kuzgoka Ŵasilamu. Ivi vikapangiska kuti Ŵapwitikizi ŵalute ku vyaru vya kumwera kwa Sahara. Vinthu ivyo vikapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵa mu vyaru vinyake ŵaŵe na vilato viphya vikapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵa mu vyaru vinyake ŵaŵe na vilato viphya.
Umo vinthu viliri sono
Vyaru vya kumpoto na kumwera kwa Africa ndivyo vyacitapo vinandi kuti viwovwire pa suzgo la ndalama ilo laŵapo cifukwa ca nthenda iyi. Vyaru 34 vya mu Africa vyacitapo kanthu kuti viŵe na ndalama zinandi na kucepeskako ndalama izo ŵakuguliska, comenecomene mwa kucepeska msonkho. Mwaciyelezgero, caru ca South Africa cikadumulizga msonkho na fundo 200 panji kujumpha apa. Ndondomeko iyo yikugwiliskirika nchito comene njakuti kusinthiska umo ngongoli izo zikugwilira nchito yayi zikugwilira nchito mwa kuchepeska ivyo vikukhumbikwa. Kuti mabanki ghaleke kusuzgika na nthenda ya COVID-19, ŵamazaza ŵakugwiliskira nchito ndalama zakupambanapambana panji ivyo ŵanthu ŵakugwiliskira nchito, ŵakuzomerezga kuti ndalama izo ŵakugwiliskira nchito pa nyengo yichoko zipelekeke, ŵakukhozga ndalama izo ŵakukhumba, panji kusintha vinthu vinyake. Nangauli kukaŵa nthenda ya COVID-19, ndalama izo ŵanthu ŵa ku Africa ŵakagwiliskira nchito zikakhazikika mu 2020, ndipo zikafika pa $4.3 biliyoni kufuma pa $3.9 biliyoni mu 2019 apo ntchito za ku Africa zikamara. Pa vyaru ivyo vikukhumbikwira ndalama zinandi, GDP ya munthu yumoza yikwenera kukhala pasi kuluska umo yikaŵira pambere nthenda iyi yindambe m'paka mu 2024, ndipo mu 2022 na 2023, chiŵelengero cha vyaru ivi chikwenera kukura na 1 peresenti pera pa chaka. Pambere nthenda iyi yindambe, ŵanthu ŵakaghanaghananga kuti caru cizamuŵa cakukhora pa 2% panji kujumpha apa.
YouTube
Maonekelo
Kwambira mu 2009, ŵanthu ŵakuwonelera mavidiyo gha 3D. Mu 2015, YouTube yikamba kugwiliskira ntchito mavidiyo gha madigiri 360. Kufuma mu Epulero 2016, yikapeleka mwaŵi wa kuwonelera mavidiyo gha pa 360°, kweniso mavidiyo gha pa 360° na gha pa 1440p. Chifukwa cha unandi wa ŵanthu awo ŵakawoneleranga pa digirii zakujumpha 90, yikamba kukhozgera vidiyo yinyake yakuchemeka VR180.
Chuma cha Afilika
Vyakuzenga
Kuyana na ŵasayansi ŵa ku Overseas Development Institute, kuchepa kwa vinthu vyakukhumbikwa mu vyaru vinandi ivyo vikukura ni suzgo likuru comene pa nkhani ya vinthu ivyo vingatondeska kuti vinthu vyendenge makora mu vyaru ivi. Kugwiliskira nchito vinthu ivi na kuvisunga vingaŵa vyakudura comene, comenecomene mu vyaru vya ku Africa ivyo vili kutali na nyanja.
YouTube
YouTuber earnings
Kufumira mu Novembala 2020 ku United States na Juni 2021 pa charu chose, YouTube yili na wanangwa wa kupanga ndalama pa vidiyo yiliyose pa pulatifomu, nangauli uyo wakuyiŵika pa intaneti ni munyawo yayi wa YouTube Partner Program. Ivi vicitikenge pa masiteshoni agho ghakuwoneka kuti "ghakukondweska ŵanthu", ndipo ndalama zose zizamuluta ku Google kwambura kupeleka ku awo ŵakujura.
Chuma cha Afilika
Vyakuzenga
Ku Africa, ŵanthu ŵakuti kuti vilato vya MDG vifiskike mu 2015, ndalama izo ŵanthu ŵakugwiliskira ntchito pa kupanga vinthu vikwenera kukwana pafupifupi 15 peresenti ya GDP. Pasono ndalama izo ŵakupeleka zikupambana chomene pakati pa vyaru. Vigaŵa vinyake vikusangika na ndalama za boma, vinyake na wovwiri wa vyaru vinyake, ndipo vinyake na ŵaganyu. Mu vyaru vya kumwera kwa Sahara, boma likupeleka ndalama zakukwana madola mabiliyoni 9.4 pa madola mabiliyoni 24.9.
Aristotle
Maloto
Aristotle wakalongosora za tulo mu buku lake lakuti On Sleep and Wakefulness. Para munthu wakugona, wakugwiliskira ntchito chomene nkhongono zake zakugona. Para munthu wagona, vinthu vyakuzirwa nga nkhughanaghana, kupulika, kukumbuka, vikwenda makora yayi nga umo vikuŵira para wagona. Pakuti munthu wakuŵa wambura mahara para wagona, wangakhumba yayi vinthu vinyake. Kweni para munthu wagona, nkhongono zake zikugwira ntchito mwakupambana.
YouTube
YouTuber earnings
YouTube Play Buttons, chigaŵa cha YouTube Creator Rewards, ntchawanangwa icho YouTube wakupeleka ku ŵanthu awo ŵakutemwa kuwonelera mavidiyo. Vinthu ivi vikupelekeka ku ma TV agho ghali na ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 100,000, miliyoni, 10 miliyoni, 50 miliyoni, na 100 miliyoni.
Chuma cha Afilika
Vinthu ivyo vikapangiska kuti vinthu vileke kwenda makora mu vyaru vinyake
Magazini yinyake yikati vinthu ivi ni vimbundi mu maboma, ndyali zikusintha yayi, ndyali zikugwiliskira ntchito vyamalonda, kweniso ŵanthu ŵakukhumba yayi kuti maboma ghaŵasuzgenge.
Uganda
Chisopo
Ŵanthu ŵanyake awo ŵakalembeka mu 2014 ŵakasopanga visopa vyaunenesko (0.1 peresenti, kufuma pa 1% mu 2002), visopa vinyake (1.4 peresenti), panji ŵalije chisopa (0.2 peresenti).
YouTube
Revenue to copyright holders
Ndalama zinandi izo YouTube yikusanga chifukwa cha malonda zikuluta ku ŵanthu awo ŵakulemba mavidiyo na kupanga mavidiyo. Mu 2010, vikaŵa vyakuti pafupifupi chigaŵa chimoza pa vigaŵa vitatu vya mavidiyo agho ghakaŵa na malonda, ghakaŵikika pa Intaneti kwambura kuzomerezgeka na awo ŵakaŵa na wanangwa wa kupanga. YouTube yikupeleka mwaŵi ku awo ŵali na wanangwa wa kuwonelera mavidiyo kuti ŵamanye uko kuli mavidiyo ghawo na kughafumiska. Mu Meyi 2013, Nintendo wakamba kuvikilira wanangwa wake wa kupanga mavidiyo na kupoka ndalama izo ŵanthu ŵakuguliska. Mu Febuluwale 2015, Nintendo wakazomerezga kugaŵana ndalama na awo ŵakalenga mavidiyo kwizira mu Nintendo Creators Program. Pa Malichi 20, 2019, Nintendo wakapharazga pa Twitter kuti kampani iyi yimarenge pulogiramu ya Creators. Mapulogalamuwa anasiya kugwira ntchito pa March 20, 2019.
Kutinkhana na ŵanthu ŵanyawo
Ŵalongozgi ŵankhondi awo ŵakapangiska nkhani za ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa LGBTQ+ ŵakadandawura ku boma la YouTube mu Ogasiti 2019, chifukwa ŵakaghanaghananga kuti ivyo YouTube yikugwiliskira ntchito vikupangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵaleke kusanga vinthu ivyo vikusangika pa Intaneti.
Susan Wojcicki and going mainstream (2014–2018)
Susan Wojcicki wakasankhika kuŵa CEO wa YouTube mu Febuluwale 2014. Mu Janyuwale 2016, YouTube yikasazgirako ofesi yake yikuru ku San Bruno mwa kugura malo gha maofesi gha $215 miliyoni. Malo agha ghali na malo ghakukwana mamita 51,468 ndipo ghangakwana ŵanthu 2,800. YouTube yikamba kupanga vinthu vinyake ivyo vikukolerana na ivyo ŵanthu ŵakuyowoya pa Intaneti.
Chuma cha Afilika
Vinthu vyakwendakwenda
Vipinda vya mawoko na mawoko navyo vikukura comene mu Africa. Nangauli ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakugwiliskira ntchito Intaneti kuluska mu vyaru vinyake, kweni ŵalipo 9%. Mu 2011, ku Africa kukaŵa ŵanthu 500,000,000 awo ŵakaŵa na mafoni gha mtundu uliwose, kusazgapo 15,000,000 gha "mafoni".
Vya nkhongono
Mafuta na vyakurya ivyo vikufuma mu mafuta ni vyakurya ivyo vyaru 14 vya mu Africa vikuguliska. Mu 2010, mafuta na vyakurya vya mafuta vikaŵa na ciŵelengero ca 46.6% ca vyakurya ivyo vyatumizgika ku vyaru vya ku Africa. Ku South Africa pera ndiko ŵanthu ŵakugwiliskira nchito nkhongono za nyukiliya.
YouTube
Mafilimu gha pa YouTube
YouTube TV
Uganda
Vimbundi
Cinyake ico cingapangiska kuti suzgo ili likure comene ni mafuta. Dango la Petroleum Bill, ilo likapelekeka na boma mu 2012 ndipo likayowoyeka na NRM kuti lipelekenge umanyikwiro ku vyalo vya mafuta, likakondweska yayi ŵanthu awo ŵakuyowoya vya ndyali na vyachuma. Mwaciyelezgero, Angelo Izama, wakuwona vya magesi wa ku Uganda wa ku United States Open Society Foundation, wakati dango liphya ili likuyana waka na "kupeleka mashini gha ATM" kwa Museveni na muwuso wake. Wupu unyake uwo ukuwona vya malango gha pa charu chose (Global Witness) ukati mu 2012, charu cha Uganda chili na "mafuta ghanandi chomene agho ghangapangiska kuti mu vyaka 6 m'paka 10 ndalama za boma ziŵe zakukwana madola 2.4 biliyoni pa chaka".
YouTube
Child safety and wellbeing
Even for content that appears to be aimed at children and appears to contain only child-friendly content, YouTube's system allows for anonymity of who uploads these videos. These questions have been raised in the past, as YouTube has had to remove channels with children's content which, after becoming popular, then suddenly include inappropriate content masked as children's content. Alternative, some of the most-watched children's programming on YouTube comes from channels that have no identifiable owners, raising concerns of intent and purpose. One channel that had been of concern was "Cocomelon" which provided numerous mass-produced animated videos aimed at children. Up through 2019, it had drawn up to US$10 million a month in ad revenue and was one of the largest kid-friendly channels on YouTube before 2020. Ownership of Cocomelon was unclear outside of its ties to "Treasure Studio", itself an unknown entity, raising questions as to the channel's purpose, but Bloomberg News had been able to confirm and interview the small team of American owners in February 2020 regarding "Cocomelon", who stated their goal for the channel was to simply entertain children, wanting to keep to themselves to avoid attention from outside investors. The anonymity of such channel raise concerns because of the lack of knowledge of what purpose they are trying to serve. The difficulty to identify who operates these channels "adds to the lack of accountability", according to Josh Golin of the Campaign for a Commercial-Free Childhood, and educational consultant Renée Chernow-O'Leary found the videos were designed to entertain with no intent to educate, all leading to critics and parents to be concerned for their children becoming too enraptured by the content from these channels. Content creators that earnestly make child-friendly videos have found it difficult to compete with larger channels, unable to produce content at the same rate as them, and lacking the same means of being promoted through YouTube's recommendation algorithms that the larger animated channel networks have shared.
Uganda
Wanangwa wa ŵanthu
Ku Uganda ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakugwira ntchito za ŵana. Ŵana ŵanandi ŵakugwira nchito ya kulima. Ŵana awo ŵakugwira nchito mu minda ya hona ku Uganda ŵakuŵa pangozi. Ŵana awo ŵakuteŵetera mu nyumba ku Uganda ŵakuŵa pangozi ya kuyuzgika. Ŵana ŵakuguliskika. Dango la Uganda likukanizga wuzga na kugwira nchito mwankhongono.
YouTube
Malo ghakuliskako ŵanthu
Mu Seputembala 2012, YouTube yikambiska app yake yakwamba ya iPhone, pamanyuma pa kusankha kuleka YouTube nga ni app yimoza ya pre-loaded mu iPhone 5 na iOS 6. Kuyana na GlobalWebIndex, pa ŵanthu awo ŵakugwiliskira ntchito mafoni gha m'manja, 35% ŵakagwiliskira ntchito YouTube pakati pa Epulero na Juni 2013.
Sexualization of children and pedophilia
Chifukwa cha mphindano izi, izo zikasazgirako kwenjerwa pa nkhani ya "Elsagate", ŵapharazgi ŵanandi awo ŵakapharazganga na mavidiyo agha ŵakaleka kugwiliskira nchito YouTube. Mu Disembala 2018, nyuzipepara ya The Times yikasanga milandu yakujumpha 100 iyo ŵana ŵakachitiranga vinthu vyambura kwenelera (nga nkhuvura malaya, kujitozga mwakujumphizga, na kukhwaska ŵana ŵanyawo mwambura kwenelera). Mutolamakani munyake wakati wawona mavidiyo agha, hafu yikafumiskika.
YouTube ngati chida cholimbikitsira malingaliro a chiwembu ndi zokhutira ndi ufulu
Mu Janyuwale 2019, YouTube yikayowoya kuti yili na ndondomeko yiphya iyo yikamba kugwira ntchito ku United States. Pa YouTube pakaŵa nkhani za charu chachanya, vyakuchizga vyakuzizwiska, na vya pa Seputembala 11. Ivyo YouTube yikachita kuti yileke kuphalirako ŵanthu mavidiyo gha ŵanthu ŵakujikuzga agho ghakususkana na fundo zautesi, na kulondezga umo ŵanthu ŵakutemwera, ŵakakana chifukwa vikatimbanizganga ŵanthu. Kuumaliro wa chaka cha 2019, webusayiti iyi yikamba kuchita vinthu vyakovwira kuti "ŵanthu ŵamanye vinandi kweniso kuti ŵaleke kupuluskika".
Ŵalara ŵa kamupani
YouTube yikulongozgeka na CEO kufuma waka apo yikambira mu 2005, ndipo yikalutilira kuŵa na mulongozgi nangauli Google yikayigura. CEO wa sono ni Neal Mohan, uyo wakasankhika pa February 16, 2023.
Chuma cha Afilika
Wovwiri wa ku vyaru vinyake
Ndondomeko iyi yikususkika cifukwa cakuti yikunjira mu malo mwa ndondomeko za malonda. Ukaboni ukulongora kuti wovwiri wa vyaru vinyake wawovwira kuti caru ici ciŵe cikavu comene. Yumoza mwa ŵanthu awo ŵakususka chomene ndondomeko iyi ni Dambisa Moyo, uyo wakumanya vya ndalama wa ku Zambia.
Mazuŵa ghano, mu vyaru vya mu Africa vikusuzgika kusanga wovwiri ku vyaru vinyake. Likukhumbikwira ndyali zinandi za vya cuma na kunjilirapo comene mu vya cuma ca caru cose. Pakuti caru cose cacemera wovwiri wa vyaru vinyake, caru ca Africa cikukhumba comene wovwiri uwu. Kweniso charu cha Africa chili kupanga pulani ya "Africa Action Plan" kuti chiŵe paubwezi na ŵantchito awo ŵakovwira kuti vinthu vyende makora.
YouTube
Ma vidiyo
Kwambira mu Seputembala 2019, chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu awo ŵakulembeska chikuŵa chichoko. Ŵanthu ŵakuwona waka manambara ghatatu gha chiŵelengero cha awo ŵakutegherezga pa wayilesi iyi, ndipo ichi chikupangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵaleke kuwona vinthu nga ni Social Blade. Awo ŵakugwira ntchito mu YouTube Studio ndiwo ŵangamanya unandi wawo.
Comment system <span class="anchor" id="User_comments">
Mu Disembala 2020, vikaŵa vyakuti YouTube yizenge na fundo yiphya iyo yizamucenjezga awo ŵakulemba mazgu agho "ngangaŵa ghakukhuŵazga ŵanji".
Uganda
Vimbundi
Mu 2012, ofesi ya nduna yikapoka ndalama zakukwana madola 12.6 miliyoni kufuma ku ŵanthu awo ŵakachitanga vyawanangwa. Ndalama izi "zikapelekeka kuti ziwovwire kuzengaso kumpoto kwa Uganda, uko kukaŵa nkhondo kwa vyaka 20, na Karamoja, cigaŵa cikavu comene mu Uganda". Nkhani iyi yikapangiska kuti ŵa EU, Britain, Germany, Denmark, Ireland, na Norway ŵaleke kovwira ŵanyawo.
YouTube
Censorship and bans
{{legend|#008000|Has local YouTube version}} {{legend|#B2B2B2|Accessible}} {{legend|#FF0000|Currently blocked}} {{legend|#FF8888|Previously blocked}}]] YouTube has been censored, filtered, or banned for a variety of reasons, including:
Aristotle
Tikumanya vinandi yayi vya Aristotle. Wakababikira mu msumba wa Stagira kumpoto kwa Greece. Wiske wake, Nicomachus, wakafwa apo Aristotle wakaŵa mwana mucoko, ndipo wakalereka na munthu munyake. Apo wakaŵa na vyaka 17 panji 18, wakanjira sukulu ya Plato ku Athens ndipo wakakhala kwenekura m'paka apo wakaŵa na vyaka 37. 347 B.C.E.). Pakati pajumpha nyengo yichoko waka kufuma apo Plato wakafwira, Aristotle wakafumako ku Ateni ndipo pa pempho la Philip II wa ku Makedoniya, wakasambizga mwana wake Alexander Mukuru kwamba mu 343 B.C.E. Wakambiska layibulare ku Lyceum iyo yikamovwira kupanga mabuku ghanandi agho wakalemba pa mipukutu ya papyrus.
Chuma cha Afilika
Chikoloni
Cakulinga cikuru ca maboma gha ku Europe agho ghakaŵa na mazaza pa caru ca Africa cikaŵa cakuti ghasange usambazi mu Africa pa mtengo ucoko. Ŵalembi ŵanyake, nga ni Walter Rodney mu buku lake lakuti How Europe Underdeveloped Africa, ŵakuti ndyali izi ndizo zikupangiska masuzgo ghanandi agho ghalipo mu Africa mazuŵa ghano. Awo ŵakususka boma la ŵanthu ŵakususka kuti boma la ŵanthu likuŵapweteka ŵanthu ŵa ku Africa. Ŵasayansi ŵanyake awo ŵakasambira vya nyengo ya ŵakaronga, chomenechomene Frantz Fanon, ŵakayowoya kuti vinthu ivyo vikupangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵambe kulamulira ŵakaronga ni vya mu maghanoghano, kweniso kuti ŵanthu ŵakujiwona kuti mbambura kuzirwa. Ŵanthu aŵa ŵakughanaghana kuti ŵanthu ŵa ku Africa awo ŵalije maghanoghano gha ŵanthu ŵa mu vyaru vinyake ndiwo ŵakwamba kusintha vinthu.
YouTube
Malo ghakuliskako ŵanthu
Mu Juni chaka chenechichi, YouTube XL yikamba kusangika pa Intaneti. YouTube yikusangikaso nga ni app pa Xbox Live.
Mafilimu gha pa YouTube
Nkhani ikulu: YouTube TV
Aristotle
Vinthu vyakuthupi
Lizgu lakuti "metaphysics" likwenera kuti likapangika na mulembi munyake wa m'ma 100 C.E. uyo wakawunjika mabuku gha Aristotle mu buku la Metaphysics. Aristotle wakalimanya kuti "filosofi yakwamba", ndipo wakalipatura ku masamu na sayansi ya cilengiwa (physics) nga ni filosofi ya kughanaghanirapo (theoretikē) iyo ni "ciuta" ndipo yikusanda vya Ciuta. Mu buku lake la Metaphysics (1026a16) wakalemba kuti:
"Usange palije vinthu vinyake vyakujiyimira vyekha padera pa vinthu vyakujiyimira vyekha, mbwenu kusanda cilengiwa ndiyo ni nthowa yakwamba ya kumanya vinthu. Kweni usange pali cinthu cinyake cakujiyimira ca, ndipo nchakuzirwa comene, ndipo nchakuzirwa comene. Ndipo nchinthu ca mtundu uwu ca vinjeru vya ŵanthu kuti ŵasambire umo vinthu viliri, ndiposo ivyo vikuŵako cifukwa ca umo vinthu viliri."
Chinthu
Mu buku lake la Metaphysics (Buku VII), Aristotle wakalongosora fundo ya substance (ousia) na essence (to ti ên einai, "icho chikaŵa kuti chiŵeko") ndipo wakati chinthu chinyake ntchakusazgikana na vinthu vinyake. Mu buku la nambara 8, wakuyowoya kuti vinthu ivyo vili mu thupi ni vyakuthupi. Mwaciyerezgero, vinthu vya nyumba ni njerwa, malibwe, mathabwa, na vinyake, panji cilicose ico cikupangiska nyumba iyo yilipo, apo kawonekero ka vinthu ni nyumba yeneco, panji kuti 'kuvwara mathupi na vinthu vinyake' panji cilicose ico cikulongora kuti cinthu ni nyumba. Fomula ilo likuyowoya za vigaŵa ivi likuyowoya za vinthu, ndipo fomu iyo yikuyowoya za upusikizgi yikuyowoya za umo vinthu viliri.
Kafukufuku wakukhazikika
Aristotle ndiyo wakaŵa wakwamba kusambira vya umoyo, ndipo wakalemba vinandi vyakukhwaskana na umoyo. Wakakhala vyaka viŵiri kuti wawone na kulongosora vyamoyo vya ku Lesbos na vyakumwera. Ivyo wakalemba mu buku lake lakuti History of Animals, Generation of Animals, Movement of Animals, and Parts of Animals, vikukolerana na ivyo wakawona, ivyo ŵanthu ŵanyake awo ŵakumanya vinandi, nga mbalimi ŵa njuchi na ŵalovi, ŵakayowoya, kweniso ivyo ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakufuma ku vyaru vinyake ŵakuyowoya. Ivyo wakalemba vyakukhwaskana na vyakumera na vinyama ni vyacilendo: mabuku ghake ghakukhwaskana na vyakumera ghali kutayika, kweni mabuku ghaŵiri ghakukhwaskana na vyakumera gha Theophrastus, uyo wakaŵa msambiri wake, ghachalipo.
Chuma cha Afilika
Vinthu vyakwendakwenda
Mu vyaru vinandi vya mu Africa, muli mapulojekiti ghakurughakuru ghakukhwaskana na vinthu vyapasi. Vigaŵa vinandi vya mapulojekiti agha ni vya kupanga na kutumizga magesi. Vinyake ivyo ŵakuzenga ni misewu yikuruyikuru, njanji, ma eyapoti, na vinyake.
Aristotle
Kafukufuku wakukhazikika
Aristotle wakalemba za vyamoyo vya mu nyanja ivyo vikawonekanga pa Lesbos na ivyo ŵalovi ŵakakora. Wakulongosora mwakukwana za somba za sumbi, magesi, na somba za nkhonyo. Wakulongosoraso za viyuni vinyake nga ni viyuni vya maphapu (octopus na paper nautilus). Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakagomezga yayi ivyo wakayowoya pa nkhani ya mawoko gha viyuni vyambura mawoko, ivyo vikagwiranga ntchito pakuseŵa. Wakalongosora makora umo viŵaro vinayi vyakunthazi vya nyama izo zikukhweŵa vikuŵira, kweniso umo viŵaro ivi vikuŵira para munthu wafwa.
YouTube
Misogyny
Lipoti la mu Ogasiti 2022 ilo likapelekeka na wupu wa ku Britain wakuchemeka Center for Countering Digital Hate, likati kusuzga ŵanakazi kwazara chomene pa YouTube. Likayowoya kuti mawayilesi agho ghakukolerana na ivyo Andrew Tate wakuchita ghakugwiliskira ntchito YouTube kuti ghasazgireko ŵanthu awo ŵakughawonelera. Mu bukhu lake la 2022 Like, Comment, Subscribe: Inside YouTube's Chaotic Rise to World Domination, mtolankhani wa Bloomberg Mark Bergen wakati ŵanakazi ŵanandi awo ŵakupangiska nkhani ŵakusuzgika, kusuzgika na kusuzgika.
Uganda
Kuyowoyeskana
Pali makampani 7 agho ghakugwira ntchito ya kutumizga mauthenga agho ghali na ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 21 miliyoni. Pafupifupi 95 peresenti ya ŵanthu ŵakugwiliskira ntchito foni.
Aristotle
Vyamaganizo
Aristotle ndiyo wakalemba buku la Prior Analytics, ndipo ndiyo wakamba kusambira chomene vya vinjeru vya ŵanthu. Kant wakayowoya mu buku lake lakuti Critique of Pure Reason kuti Aristotle ndiyo wakawovwira kuti fundo za Aristotle zifiskike.
Chuma cha Afilika
Nthazi
Mu 2035, caru ca Africa cizamuŵa na "vigaŵa vya ŵanthu" apo ŵacinyamata na awo ŵakugwira nchito ŵazamuŵa na ŵana ŵachoko na ŵanthu awo ŵafumapo pa nchito. Ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakugwira nchito mu caru ici ŵali kusambira comene, ndipo pafupifupi hafu ya ŵanthu aŵa ŵazamuŵa kuti ŵali kusambira sukulu za sekondare mu 2020. Ku Africa nako kuli ŵanthu ŵanandi awo ŵakuguliska vinthu, ndipo ŵakukhazga kuti ŵalutilirenge kukura. Mu Africa muli ŵanthu pafupifupi 90 miliyoni awo ndalama izo ŵakupokera zikuluska madola 5,000 gha ku United States. Ichi chikung'anamura kuti ndalama zawo zinandi ŵakuzigwiliskira ntchito pa vinthu vinyake. Kuzakafika mu 2020, chiŵelengero ichi chingafika pa 128 miliyoni.
Aristotle
Organon
Ivyo mazuŵa ghano vikuchemeka kuti Aristotle's logic na mitundu yake ya syllogism (nthowa zakugwiliskira ntchito fundo zaunenesko), Aristotle ndiyo wakavichema kuti "analytics". Mazgu ghakuti "logica" wakaghaŵika kuti ghangang'anamuraso kuyowoya. Vinthu vinandi ivyo Aristotle wakalemba vikwenera kuti vikaŵako yayi, chifukwa vikalembeka na ŵasambiri kweniso ŵasambizgi. Ivyo Aristotle wakalemba vikalembeka mu mabuku 6 ghakuchemeka Organon, ndipo Andronicus wa ku Rhodes panji ŵanyake awo ŵakamulondezganga ŵakalemba mabuku agha mu 40 B.C.Mabuku agha ni agha:
Ntchakumanyikwa yayi umo mabuku agha ghakalembekera, kweni fundo izo zili mu mabuku agha zikafuma mu ivyo Aristotle wakalemba. Likufuma ku fundo zakwamba, kusanda mazgu ghapusu mu vigaŵa, kusanda fundo na vinthu vinyake ivyo vikukolerana mu buku la On Interpretation, na kusanda mitundu yakusuzga chomene, nga ni syllogisms (mu Analytics) na dialectics (mu Topics and Sophistical Refutations). Mabuku ghatatu ghakwambilira agha ndigho ghakovwira chomene pa nkhani ya vinjeru vya ŵanthu. Buku la The Rhetoric likusangikamo yayi, kweni likuyowoya kuti likuthemba pa Nkhani.
Umoyo
Chithuzithuzi cha Aristote; buku la Ufumu wa Roma (cha m'ma 100 panji 200 C.E.) la chikozgo cha Lysippos
Nyengo iyi yikaŵa pakati pa 335 na 323 B.C.E. apo Aristotle wakalemba mabuku ghake ghanandi. Iyo wakalemba nkhani zinandi izo zilipo m'paka sono. Mu mabuku agha muli mabuku ghanandi agho ghakalembeka na ŵanthu ŵanandi. Mabuku ghake ghakuzirwa comene ni Physics, Metaphysics, Nicomachean Ethics, Politics, On the Soul and Poetics. Aristotle wakasambira chomene vya sayansi ndipo wakawovwira chomene ŵanthu pa nkhani ya "kulondezga fundo za mu Baibolo, masamu, sayansi, vyamoyo, vyakumera, makhaliro, ndyali, ulimi, munkhwala, kuvina, na vyakusanguluska".
YouTube
Censorship and bans
Malipoti ghakulongora kuti kwambira mu Okutobala 2019, mazgu agho ghalembeka na ŵanthu ŵa ku China agho ghakuyuyura chipani cha Communist Party of China (共?? panji kuti "chipani cha Communist bandit") panji (五毛 panji kuti "50 Cent Party", kung'anamura awo ŵakulemba nkhani izo boma likuŵawovwira) ghakufumiskika mu masekondi 15.
Chuma cha Afilika
Vinthu vyakupambanapambana vya vyachuma
Mu 2009, ku Africa kukaŵa suzgo la vyachuma, kweni mu 2011, ŵanthu ŵa ku Arab ŵakamba kuwukira boma. Kukura kwa caru ici kukakhira kufuma pa 5% mu 2010 kufika pa 3.4% mu 2011. Chifukwa chakuti chuma cha kumpoto kwa Africa chikusintha ndipo vinthu vikulutilira kwenda makora mu vigaŵa vinyake, chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu ku Africa chikwenera kusazgikira kufika pa 4.5% mu 2012 na 4.8% mu 2013. [Pakukhumbika ukaboni apa] Masuzgo gha nyengo yicoko waka ghakukhalilira mu caru cose apo caru ca Europe cikukumana na suzgo la ngongoli. Mtengo wa vyakurya vikuruvikuru vya mu Africa ukakhira comene cifukwa ca kupempha kwacepa na kusazgikira kwa vyakurya, ndipo vinyake vingaweleraso. Kweni mitengo yikwenera kuti yilutilirenge kuŵa yiwemi ku ŵanthu ŵa ku Africa awo ŵakuguliska katundu.
Vigaŵa
Vinthu vyamba kwenda makora mu Africa mose. Ndipouli, vinthu vikenda makora yayi mu vyaru na vigaŵa. Vyaru ivyo vikuguliska mafuta vikakura comene kuluska vyaru ivyo vikuguliska mafuta. Mu 2010, vyaru vya kumanjiliro gha dazi kwa Africa na vya kumafumiro gha dazi kwa Africa ndivyo vikachita makora chomene.
YouTube
Mafilimu gha pa YouTube
Pa February 28, 2017, mu chipharazgo ku YouTube Space ku Los Angeles, YouTube yikapharazga za YouTube TV, yeneiyo yikaŵa ntchito ya kulembeska ya MVPD. Pakwamba kukhazikiska mu misika yikuru yinkhondi (New York City, Los Angeles, Chicago, Philadelphia na San Francisco) pa Epulero 5, 2017, uteŵeti uwu ukupeleka vyalo vyamoyo vya mapulogiramu kufuma ku mabungwe ghankhondi ghakurughakuru (ABC, CBS, The CW, Fox na NBC), pamoza na ma TV pafupifupi 40 agho ghali na mabungwe ghakuru gha mabungwe agha, The Walt Disney Company, CBS Corporation, 21st Century Fox, NBCUniversal na Turner Broadcasting System (mwaŵanyake Bravo, USA Network, Syfy, Disney Channel, CNN, Cartoon Network, E!, Fox Sports 1, Freeform, FX na ESPN). Awo ŵali na mapulogiramu gha pa TV iyi, ŵangapokeraso mapulogiramu gha pa TV gha Showtime na Fox Soccer Plus.
YouTube Movies ni uteŵeti wa YouTube uwo ukulongora mafilimu kwizira mu webusayiti yake. Pafupifupi mafilimu 100 500 ghakusangika kwaulere, pamoza na malonda. Mavidiyo ghanyake ghakusazgikako ndipo ghanyake ghakufumiskika, kwambura kuphalirika.
Aristotle
Kuwona vinthu
Fundo ya Aristotle yakuti vinthu vikuchitika nadi yikung'anamura kuti ivyo wakumanya vikukolerana na ivyo vikuchitika mu charu, ndipo vikukwelera ku kumanya vinthu vyose, apo Plato wakati ivyo wakumanya vikwamba na kumanya vinthu vyose (panji maghanoghano) ndipo vikukwelera ku kumanya vinthu vinyake ivyo vikukolerana na ivyo vikuchitika. Aristotle wakugwiliskira ntchito viyelezgero pakuchita vinthu, apo Plato wakuthemba fundo za mu Baibolo.
YouTube
Mbiri yaposachedwapa (2019~pano)
Kuzakafika mu Febuluwale 2017, maora 1 biliyoni gha mavidiyo gha pa YouTube ghakawoneleranga zuŵa lililose, ndipo maora 400 gha mavidiyo ghakaŵikikanga pa intaneti miniti yiliyose. Pakati pajumpha vyaka viŵiri, ŵanthu ŵakakweranga mavidiyo agha maora ghakujumpha 500 pa miniti. Mu nyengo ya nthenda ya COVID-19, apo caru cose cikaŵa pasi pa dango la kukhala pa nyumba, kugwiliskira nchito vinthu nga ni YouTube kukakwera comene. Kampani yimoza ya data yikati YouTube yikupangiska 15% ya intaneti yose, kaŵiri kuluska umo yikaŵira pambere nthenda iyi yindambe. Pakuzgora ku ŵamazaza ŵa EU awo ŵakapempha kuti mautumiki agha ghachepeske bandwidth kuti ŵasimikizge kuti ŵantchito ŵa ku chipatala ŵali na bandwidth yakukwana kuti ŵagaŵiranenge fundo, YouTube na Netflix ŵakayowoya kuti ŵalutilirenge kuchepeska umanyi wa ma TV kwa mazuŵa 30 kuti ŵapepuske bandwidth ya mautumiki ghawo na 25%. Pamanyuma, YouTube yikati yilutizgenge mulimo uwu pa caru cose: "Tikulutilira kwenderana na maboma na ŵantchito ŵa pa caru cose kuti tileke kusuzgika comene na vinthu ivi".
Aristotle
Motion
Mu buku lake la Physics (215a25), Aristotle wakalemba dango la unandi, lakuti mlingo wa v, wa thupi ilo likuwa, ukuyana waka na uzito wake, W, ndipo ukuyana waka na unandi, ρ, wa maji agho likuwa;
Cinthu ico cikupangiska kuti vinthu viŵe makora cikuthemba pa umo vinthu viliri: Eteri wakuzingilira mtambo, apo vinthu vinayi vya Empedoclean vikukwelera muchanya (nga ni moto) panji pasi (nga ni caru) uko vikukhala.
Malango gha Aristotle ghakukhwaskana na kwenda. Iyo wakati vinthu vikughanda mwaluŵiro chomene kuluska uzito wake ndipo vikughanda mwakuyana waka na unandi wa maji agho vili mu maji. Ici nchigaŵa cakwenelera ca vinthu ivyo vikwenda mu maji panji mu mphepo.
Chuma cha Afilika
Mabungwe gha malonda na mawupu ghanandi
Wupu wa African Union ni wupu ukuru comene pa caru cose. Makhaliro gha wupu uwu ghakukolerana na kuzenga malo gha malonda gha wanangwa, wupu wa mitheto, msika umoza, banki yikuru, na ndalama yimoza (wonani African Monetary Union), na kukhazikiska wupu wa vyachuma na ndalama. Ndondomeko iyo yilipo sono njakuti mu 2023, paŵe wupu wa African Economic Community uwo uzamuŵa na ndalama yimoza. Banki ya vya Ndalama ya ku Africa yikovwira kuti vinthu vyende makora. Ndondomeko ya wupu wa AU yikusazgapo kuzenga wupu wa African Monetary Fund (AMF). Magulu ghanyake ghakukolerana na fundo yakuti kuŵe United States of Africa.
Vinthu vikuruvikuru ivyo vikuchitika mu vyaru vinyake vikuzunulika pa chithuzithuzi.
Stock exchanges
Mu vyaka vyapakati pa 2009 na 2012, makampani 72 ghakalembeka pa maburosha gha mu vyaru 13 vya mu Africa.
YouTube
Malo ghakuliskako ŵanthu
YouTube yikamba kugwiliskirika ntchito pa Nintendo Switch mu Novembala 2018.
Kufumira ku vyaru vinyake
Pa Juni 19, 2007, mulara wa Google, Eric Schmidt, wakawonekera ku Paris kuti wazakambiske nthowa yiphya yakupharazgira. Pa webusayiti iyi pali mabuku gha viyowoyero vinyake mu vyaru 104, chigaŵa chimoza (Hong Kong) na pa charu chose. Pa Intaneti, munthu wakusankha vidiyo iyo yikukolerana na adiresi ya IP ya munthu. Nyengo zinyake mungawona uthenga wakuti "Vidiyo iyi njambura kusangika mu caru cinu" cifukwa cakuti mulije wanangwa wa kupanga panji muli vinthu vinyake vyambura kwenelera. Webusayiti ya YouTube yili na viyowoyero 76, kusazgapo Chiamharic, Chialbaniya, Chiarmenia, Chibirma, Kyrgyz, Chimongoliya, Chiperesiya, na Chiuzbeki. Ku Turkey, YouTube yikajalika pakati pa 2008 na 2010, chifukwa cha nkhani zakukwesana pa nkhani ya kutumizga mavidiyo agho ghakaŵa ghakuyuyura Mustafa Kemal Atatürk na vinthu vinyake ivyo vikasuzga Ŵasilamu. Mu Okutobala 2012, YouTube yikamba kugwira ntchito ku Turkey, ndipo yikamba kumanyikwa na zina lakuti youtube.com.tr. Baibolo ili likukolerana na malango gha ku Turkey. Mu Malichi 2009, mphindano pakati pa YouTube na wupu wa British royalty collection agency PRS for Music ukapangiska kuti mavidiyo gha sumu gha premium ghaleke kugwiliskirika ntchito na ŵanthu ŵa ku United Kingdom. Ŵakapoka mavidiyo agho ghakalembeka na makampani ghakurughakuru gha vyakwimba para ŵaleka kukolerana. Nkhani iyi yikamara mu Seputembala 2009. Mu Epulero 2009, mphindano yakuyana waka yikapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵa ku Germany ŵaleke kuwonelera mavidiyo gha sumu.
Uganda
Vyakuonelela
Wupu wa Uganda Communications Commission (UCC) ukunozga malango ghakwamba mu 2014 agho ghakukhumba kuti ma TV gha mu Uganda ghawonelerenge 70 peresenti ya nkhani za mu Uganda ndipo 40 peresenti ya nkhani izi ghaŵe gha ŵanthu ŵakujiyimira. Chifukwa chakuti mafilimu gha ku Uganda ghakusangika chomene ndipo malango gha UCC ghakukhumba kuti mafilimu gha ku Uganda ghawonekerenge pa TV, mafilimu gha ku Uganda ghaŵenge ghakumanyikwa chomene.
Chuma cha Afilika
Vinthu vyakwendakwenda
Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1800, ntchito ya kujima njanji yikaŵa yakuzirwa chomene mu mizi ya migodi. Paumaliro wa vyaka vya m'ma 1800, ŵakazenga misewu yikuru na njanji. Mu nyengo ya ŵakoloni, ŵakaŵika mtima comene pa njanji, ndipo mu nyengo ya 'pambuyo pa ŵakoloni' ŵakaŵika mtima comene pa misewu. Jedwab & Storeygard ŵakasanga kuti mu 1960 m'paka mu 2015, pakaŵa kukolerana pakati pa ndalama zakwendeskera magalimoto na vyachuma. Mu vyaru ivi mukaŵa ŵanthu ŵa mitundu yakupambanapambana, ŵanthu ŵa mitundu yakupambanapambana, ŵanthu ŵa ku Europe ŵakakhalanga mu vyaru vinyake, ŵanthu ŵakathembanga chomene vinthu vyakuthupi, kweniso ŵanthu ŵakutemwa demokilase.
YouTube
Mulimo wa kuzenga
Pa Seputembala 13, 2016, YouTube yikambiska chigaŵa cha "Community", icho chikovwira ŵanthu kutuma mauthenga, vithuzithuzi (nga ni GIF), mavidiyo, na vinyake mu chigaŵa cha "Community". Pambere ŵandafumiske vidiyo iyi, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakafumbika kuti ŵayowoyepo ivyo ŵangagwiliskira ntchito. Ŵanyake mwa ŵanthu aŵa ŵakaŵa Vlogbrothers, AsapScience, Lilly Singh, The Game Theorists, Karmin, The Key of Awesome, The Kloons, Peter Hollens, Rosianna Halse Rojas, Sam Tsui, Threadbanger na Vsauce3. Chithunzi:Chinthu chinanso chofunikira
Aristotle
Motion
incorrect in modern physics.
Ivyo Aristotle wakayowoya vikakhwaska chomene ŵanthu ŵa vyaka vyapakati pa 500 na 1500 C.E. Sayansi ya vyaumoyo yikathandazgika kufuma mu nyengo ya kuumaliro wa vyaka vya m'ma 1800 m'paka mu nyengo ya Renaissance, ndipo yikasintha yayi m'paka apo vinthu vikasinthira. Ŵanthu ŵakagomezga yayi ivyo Aristotle wakalemba pa nkhani ya viŵeto, nga ni ivyo wakalemba pa chiŵaro cha chibenene icho chikubaba ŵana. Wakakhwaskaso visambizgo vya Chiyuda na Chisilamu mu nyengo ya ku Middle Ages, kweniso visambizgo vya Chikhristu, chomenechomene vya chisopa cha Katolika. Ŵanthu ŵa chisopa cha Cisilamu ŵakamuchindikanga chomene Aristotle ndipo ŵakamuchemanga kuti "Msambizgi Wakwamba". Mu mabuku ghake ndimo mukaŵa fundo zakwambilira izo zikulongosora vya vinjeru vya ŵanthu. Aristotle wakalutilira kovwira ŵanthu mu vyaka vya m'ma 1800. Kweniso fundo zake za makhaliro, nangauli zikaŵa zakovwira comene, zikamba kukhumbikwa comene mu nyengo yasono.
Nangauli Aristotle wakalemba mabuku ghanandi kuti ghalembeke, kweni vigaŵa vitatu pera ndivyo vichalipo. Aristotle wakalongosora makora visambizgo vyakupambanapambana ivyo vikaŵako pambere iyo wandaŵeko. Cikaŵa cifukwa ca visambizgo vyake kuti caru ca ku virwa vya kumanjiliro gha dazi cikapokera lizgu lake la vinjeru, kweniso masuzgo na nthowa zake zakufufuzira. Lekani vinjeru vyake vikakhwaska chomene ŵanthu ŵa mu vyaru vya kumanjiliro gha dazi.
Uganda
Kuyowoyeskana
Chiŵelengero cha ŵanthu awo ŵakugwiliskira ntchito foni ya m'manja na ya pa foni chikakwera kufuma pa 20 miliyoni kufika pa 21 miliyoni.
Aristotle
Motion
Archimedes wakanozga fundo ya Aristotle yakuti mathupi ghakusendelera ku malo ghake ghakupumulirako; maboti gha visulo ghangayandukira para ghakusintha maji ghakukwana; mu ndondomeko ya Archimedes, kuyandukira kukuthemba pa unandi na unandi wa chinthu, ndipo nga umo Aristotle wakaghanaghaniranga yayi, umo chili kupangikira.
Mzimu
Mu buku lake lakuti On the Soul, Aristotle wakasuska fundo ya Plato yakuti munthu wali na umoyo. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakususka ivyo Aristotle wakalemba mu buku lake la Timaeus. Ŵanyake ŵakuti munthu uyo wali na mzimu wakuŵa na nkhongono zakwendakwenda. Ŵasayansi ŵa mazuŵa ghano ŵakughanaghana kuti fundo ya Aristotle njakwenelera yayi. Ivyo Aristotle wakalemba vikulongora kuti munthu uyo wababikaso wakuyana yayi na thupi lake. Fundo ya Aristotle yakuti mzimu ni cinthu ico cili na umoyo yikukhumba kuti munthu waleke kubabikaso.
Chuma cha Afilika
Wupu wa vyachuma wa vigaŵa
Pasono pali mawupu 8 agho ghakovwira pa vyachuma mu Africa:
Aristotle
Kukumbukila
Kuyana na Aristotle, mu buku lake lakuti On the Soul, kukumbukira ni luso la kusungilira ivyo munthu wakuwona mu maghanoghano ghake na kupambaniska pakati pa "kuwoneka" kwake na ivyo vikacitika kumanyuma. Fundo iyi yikung'anamura kuti munthu wangakumbuka vinthu vinyake. Aristotle wakagomezganga kuti munthu wakusintha thupi lake kuti liŵe na ivyo wakukumbuka. Munthu wakukumbuka vinthu para vinthu ivyo wakuwona panji kupulika ni vyakusuzga chomene kuti wongo wake upokelere nyengo yimoza. Vinthu ivi vikuyana waka na ivyo vikuchitika para munthu wakughanaghana.
YouTube
Kugwiliskira nchito pakati pa ŵanthu awo ŵakutemwa kusankhana mitundu
Pamanyuma pa kuwukira kwa masisiteri ku Christchurch mu Malichi 2019, YouTube na mawebusayiti ghanyake nga ni Facebook na Twitter agho ghakazomerezganga ivyo ŵanthu ŵakugwiliskira nchito ghakatambuzgika cifukwa ca kucita vinandi yayi kuti ŵaleke kutinkha ŵanthu. Mapulatifomu agha ghakacizgika kuti ghawuskemo vinthu ivi, kweni mu nkhani iyo wakapeleka ku nyuzipepara ya The New York Times, mulara wa YouTube, Neal Mohan, wakati, mwakupambana na mavidiyo gha ISIS agho ghali na mtundu unyake ndipo ghangawoneka makora na kompyuta, mazgu ghakutinkha ŵanthu ghakaŵa ghakusuzga kughapulika na kughapulikira.
Uganda
Ŵanthu
Ŵanthu ŵa ku Uganda ŵakakwera kufuma pa 9.5 miliyoni mu 1969 kufika pa 34.9 miliyoni mu 2014. Pakuyaniska na cilimika caumaliro (September 2002), mu vyaka 12 ivyo vyajumpha, ciŵelengero ca ŵanthu cajumpha 10.6 miliyoni. Ŵana ŵa vyaka vyapakati pa 15 mu Uganda ndiwo mbacoko comene pa caru cose. Charu cha Uganda chili pa nambara 5 pa vyaru ivyo vili na ŵana ŵanandi chomene.
Chuma cha Afilika
Umo vinthu viliri sono
Kukwambilira kwa chaka cha 2021, European Investment Bank, na wovwiri wa Make Finance Work for Africa Partnership (MFW4A), yikafumba mabanki 78 mu vyaru vya ku Sub-Saharan Africa kuti ghacite kafukufuku wa EIB Banking in Africa. Mabanki agho ghakaŵapo ghakalongozganga pafupifupi 30% ya katundu wa mu Africa. Pafupifupi vigaŵa viŵiri pa vigaŵa vitatu vya mabanki agho ghakafumbika ghakaŵa na malango ghakusuzga pakupeleka ngongoli, kweni ghakujumpha 80% ghakaŵikapo mtima kuti ghaleke kupeleka ngongoli. Mabanki ghachoko waka ndigho ghakakhumbikwiranga kusintha unandi wa ŵantchito ŵawo, ndipo ghakukwana pafupifupi chigaŵa chimoza pa vigaŵa vitatu pera. Pafupifupi hafu ya mabanki agho ghakazgora ghakaŵa na vimbundi vya ŵantchito, ndipo vinandi vikafuma ku banki, boma, panji ku wupu wa vya ndalama.
Aristotle
Umo vinthu vingaŵira nadi
Pakuyowoya za umo vinthu vikusinthira (kinesis) na vifukwa vyake, nga umo wakulongosolera mu buku lake lakuti Physics and On Generation and Corruption (319b ̇320a), wakupambaniska pakati pa ivyo vikwiza (genesis, kung'anamulikaso kuti'mphapu') na: