cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Piyanist (Ferdi Özbeğen albümü)
Ferdi Özbeğen'in 1984 yılında Yaşar Kekeva Plak tarafından yayımlanan, 10. albümü. Albümün üretimini Ülkü Aker, düzenlemelerini Osman İşmen yapmıştır.
Pakistan'daki en büyük şehirler listesi
Bu makale, 2017 nüfus sayımına göre Pakistan'ın en kalabalık şehirlerinin bir listesidir. Şehirler, Gujranwala hariç komşu kantonları içerir. Aşağıdaki sayım toplamları Pakistan İstatistik Bürosu'ndan alınmıştır.
Malvern, Arkansas
Malvern, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nin Arkansas eyaletinde yer alan ve Hot Spring ilçesinde yer alan bir şehirdir. Şehrin nüfusu 26 Kasım 2009 tarihinde toplam nüfusu 10.318'dir.
2010 Sayımı
15 Mart 2010 tarihinde yapılan bir nüfus sayımına göre şehrin nüfusunun 9.021 kişi, 3.769 ev ve 2.431 aileden oluştuğu tespit edilmiştir. Şehirdeki nüfus dağılımının ise de %64,0 Beyaz, %33,0 Afrikan Amerikan, %0,1 Yerli Amerikan, %1,2 Asyalı, %0,6'sının ise de diğer halklardan oluştuğu tespit edilmiştir.
Voleybol Dünya Ligi
Voleybol Dünya Ligi (World League), 1990’dan beri her yıl yaz aylarında düzenlenen uluslararası erkekler voleybol turnuvasıdır. Dünyanın en iyi ulusal voleybol takımlarının katıldığı turnuvanın son şampiyonu Brezilya'dır.
Saray Hotel
Saray Hotel, Kuzey Lefkoşa, KKTC'de yer alan bir otel.
Konumu
Girne Kapısı, Atatürk Caddesi, Sarayönü, Lefkoşa adresinde yer almaktadır.
Tarihi
Kıbrıslı Türklere ait ilk otel olan Saray Hotel'in inşasına "Evkaf Oteli" adıyla 1958 yılında başlandı. İnşaatının Kıbrıs Vakıflar İdaresi tarafından yapılmasının ardından işletmenin kiraya verilmesi planlanmaktaydı. 1959'daki temel atma törenine katılan Fazıl Küçük'ün konuşmasında yer alan "Biz Kıbrıslı Türkler olarak bugün kalkınma ve bu adada üzerinde yaşama hakkına sahip kimseler olduğumuzu ispat edebilecek... bir eserimizin temellerini atmakla bahtiyarız." ifadesi, dönemin Kıbrıs Türk toplum liderliğinin otelin inşasına olan bakışını yansıtır. Özellikle Uzun Yol'da yer alan çağdaş yapıdaki binaların o döneme dek Lefkoşa'nın Türk kesiminde yer almaması dolayısıyla toplumun bazı kesimlerince Saray Hotel'in yapımı sevinçle karşılandı. Bununla beraber otelin yapımının "plansız" oluşu dönemin muhalif gazetesi Cumhuriyet tarafından eleştirildi. Eleştirilen noktalar arasında otelin konumunun uygunsuz olarak değerlendirilmesi, inşa edilebilmesi için yeni yapılmış bir sıra dükkânın yıkılmış olması ve otoparkın inşası için Sarayönü Camii'nin yıkılmasının planlanması yer aldı. İnşaatın tamamlanmasına yaklaşılan sürede de otele kiracı bulunmakta sıkıntılar yaşandı, bir İsrail firmasından gelen tek teklif maliyeti karşılamayacağı nedeniyle reddedildi. İnşaatının 1962'de bitirilmesi sonrasında Saray Otel Ltd. şirketine 1963-1975 aralığında kiralandı; ancak 1963'te Kanlı Noel olaylarının patlak vermesi dolayısıyla şirket oteli işletemedi ve otel 1969'da Vakıflar idaresi tarafından satın alınarak işletilmeye başlandı.
Otel Kanlı Noel olaylarında zarar gördü.
Yapının sahibi Vakıflar İdaresi'dir. 2010 yılında 30 yıllık bir süre için Caesars Group Ltd.'ye kiralanmıştır.
Mimarisi
Saray Otel'in mimarı Türkiyeli mimar Demirtaş Kamçıl'dı. Kamçıl, Türkiye'de cumhuriyet mimarisinin önemli isimlerinden Sedad Hakkı Eldem'in öğrencisi olup, tasarladığı bina yalın üslubu ve işlevsel anlayışıyla 20. yüzyılın uluslararası mimarı akımlarının Kıbrıs Türk toplumuna ilk yansımalarından biri olarak kabul edilmektedir. İnşa edildiği dönemde Lefkoşa Surlariçi'nin en yüksek binasıydı.
Sokullu Mustafa Paşa
Sokullu Mustafa Paşa, Osmanlı tarihinde büyük önemi ve yeri olan Sokullu ailesine mensup olup, sadrazam Sokullu Mehmet Paşa’ nın amcasının oğludur. Enderun’dan yetişen Mustafa Paşa, çıkışında küçük mirahor ve 1555’te çakırcıbaşı oldu. Fülek, Kilis, Segedin ve Bosna sancakbeyi görevlerinde bulundu. Yahyapaşazade Arslan Paşa’ nın Zigetvar Seferi esnasında idam edilmesi üzerine onun yerine 1566 yılında Budin beylerbeyliğine getirildi. 1574 yılında beylerbeyliğinin yanında vezir unvanını da aldı.
Görevi süresince Budin’ in kalkınmasına ve imarına, Osmanlı-Habsburg arasındaki barışın muhafazasına, halkın ve tüccarların korunmasına çalışmıştır. Budin’ de ve Macaristan' da önemli imar çalışmaları yaptı. Kanuni Sultan Süleyman’ ın iç organlarının gömüldüğü yerde türbe yaptırdı. Arslan paşa tarafından başlatılan kendisi tarafından günümüzde de kullanılmakta olan Rudas ve Király hamamlarını tamamladı. Ayrıca Budin, Peşte, Fülek, Estergon, Kopan,Tolna, Seçen, Segedin, Novigrad, Şimontorna ve Pahşel şehirlerinde camiler, hamamlar ve kervansaraylar inşa ettirerek imar çalışmalarında bulundu.
1571 yılında Budin’de çıkan yangında sarayı ve İstanbul’a gidecek hediyeler de yok oldu. Yangından sorumlu tutulan Mustafa Paşa, İstanbul’da tedbirsizlikle suçlandı. Ancak akrabası Sokullu Mehmet Paşa sayesinde cezalandırılmaktan kurtuldu. 19 Mayıs 1578 yılında barut deposu olarak kullanılan kuleye yıldırım düşmesi sonucu olan patlama ve sonrasında çıkan yangında Budin şehri büyük tahribata uğradı.
2016 Yaz Olimpiyatları'nda atletizm - Erkekler 100 metre
2016 Yaz Olimpiyatları erkekler 100 metre koşusu, 13-16 Ağustos tarihleri arasında Olimpiyat Stadyumu'nda yarışılacaktır.
Rekorlar
Bu yarışmadan önce geliştirilmiş olan dünya ve Olimpiyat rekorları aşağıdaki gibidir.
NGC 6536
NGC 6536, Yeni Genel Katalog'da yer alan bir galaksidir. Gökyüzünde Ejderha takımyıldızı yönünde bulunur. SBb tipi bir çubuklu sarmal galaksidir. Amerikan astronom Edward Swift tarafından 1884 yılında 40,64 cm (16 inç) çaplı mercekli tip bir teleskopla keşfedilmiştir.
Taksim Sahası
Taksim Sahası, halk arasında anıldığı haliyle Taksim Stadı, Kuzey Lefkoşa, KKTC'de bulunan bir top sahası. Lefkoşa'nın kuzey ve güney bölümlerini birbirinden ayıran alandır ve bölünmüşlüğün simgesi olarak nitelenmektedir.
Tarihsel olarak Zahra (Mula) ile Yiğitler (Kaytaz Ağa/Roccas) burçları arasındaki hendek olan bölge, Osmanlı döneminde cirit oyunu için kullanılmış olup bundan dolayı Cirit Hisarı olarak bilinmekteydi.
1997 yılında Sakis Ruvas ile Burak Kut, fanatik grupların engellemelerine rağmen sahada bir barış konseri vermiştir.
Taksim Sahası, uluslararası ralli organizasyonlarına ev sahipliği yapmaktadır.
1958 yılından sonra ilk defa Kıbrıslı Rum ve Türk örgütlerin buluşarak kutlamalarını gerçekleştirdikleri alandır. Bu ilk buluşmadan sonra adada 1 Mayıs kutlamalarının gerçekleştirildiği bir alan haline gelmiştir.
Thierry Breton
Thierry Breton (d. 15 Ocak 1955, Paris 14. arrondissement) Fransız iş insanı ve siyasetçi.
Yüksek Elektrik Okulu'nu 1979'da bitirmiş ve mühendis olmuştur. Yüksek Ulusal Savunma Bilimleri Enstitüsü (IHEDN) 46. dönem katılımcıları arasında yer almıştır.
Bilgisayar ve Matematik öğretmenliği yapmış, ardından René Monory'nin "futuroscope" projesinde çalışmış ve Monory'nin yakınlarında yer almıştır.
İş dünyasında yer almış çeşitli uluslararası şirketlerde yöneticilik yapmıştır. 2005 yılında Hervé Gaymard'ın istifasının ardından Maliye ve Ekonomi Bakanı olmuş ve bu görevi Nicolas Sarkozy cumhurbaşkanı seçilinceye dek sürdürmüştür.
Bakanlık sonrası iki yıl Harvard Üniversitesi'nde ders vermiş ve ayrıca çok sayıda deneme yayınlamıştır.
2016 Yaz Olimpiyatları'nda kürek - Kadınlar hafif sıklet iki çifte
Kadınlar hafif sıklet iki çifte mücadeleleri Rio de Janeiro'de 8 - 12 Ağustos tarihlerinde Lagoa Rodrigo de Freitas'da yapıldı.
Elemeler
Serilerinde ilk 2'e giren kürekçiler yarı finale diğer kürekçiler repesaj mücadelelerine katılmaya hak kazandılar.
Yarı finaller C/D
Serisinde ilk 3'e giren kürekçiler Final C'ye, kalan kürekçiler ise Final D'ye katılmaya hak kazanmıştır.
Yarı finaller A/B 1
Serilerinde ilk 3'e giren kürekçiler Final A'da, kalan kürekçiler ise Final B de mücadele etmeye hak kazandılar.
Mehmet Can Kasap
Mehmet Can Kasap (d. 5 Ekim 1990, Rize), Türk futbolcudur.
Kariyeri
Çaykur Rizespor alt yapısından yetişen Mehmet Can Kasap, 2009-2010 sezonunda Ç.Rizespor A2 takımının kaptanlığını yapmıştır. A2 takımında 14 gole imza atarak teknik direktör Ümit Kayıhan’ın dikkatini çeken futbolcu, 2009-2010 sezonunun son haftalarında A takımda yer almıştır.
Avrupa dinozorları listesi
Avrupa dinozorları listesi
! colspan="4" style="background: LightSteelBlue;" | Avrupa Kıtası'nda yaşamış dinozorların listesi ! İsim !! Dönem !! Beslenme Şekli !! Notes
Zaman çizelgesi
Yukarıdaki listeden seçilmiş dinozorların yaşadığı dönemlerin zaman çizelgesidir.
Minima Moralia
1951'de yayımlanan kitap Theodor W. Adorno'nun başyapıtı olarak kabul edilir. Adorno bu kitapta bir anlamda ilgilendiği tüm konuları -felsefi meseleler, günlük yaşam, siyaset, edebiyat ve müzik, faşizm, ırkçılık, tahakküm, işçi hareketinin tarihi ve sorunları vb.- ele almış ve değerlendirmiştir. Kitap bazıları uzun, bazıları kısa fragmanlar şeklinde yazılmıştır.
Kitabın iç-altbaşlğı "Sakatlanmış Yaşamdan Yansımalar" dır. Bu altbaşlık hem Adorno'nun kişisel tarihini açıklamak hem de o tarihlerden itibaren şekillenmeye başlamış olan toplumsal yaşamı ortaya koymak bakımından oldukça anlamlıdır. Modern yaşamın geldiği noktada yaşam yabancılaşmanın vardığı boyutlar itibarıyla sakatlanmıştır ve öte yandan Adorno Nazi iktidarıyla sürgünlükte yani kişisel anlamda da ayrıca sakatlanmış bir yaşam içindedir. Fragmanlar, hem bu genel hem de özel tarihin izlerini sürerek okunabilir. Çünkü, en genel anlamda bu kitap, Adorno'nun kendi deyişiyle, "kederli bir bilim" olan ve çoktan unutulmuş olan "doğru yaşam öğretisi" hakkındadır.
Bu doğrultuda kitap yer yer umutlu arayışları dile getirir ve yer yer de karamsar ve kederli bir çıkışsızlığı dillendirir gibidir. Kitap en genel anlamda Etik hakkındadır diyebiliriz bu nedenle. Pek çok başka argüman ve önerme varolmakla birlikte, Adorno'nun tüm eleştiri ve değerlendirmesini kitaptaki şu sözleriyle ortaya koymak mümkün: "Yanlış yaşam doğru yaşanmaz"
Minima Moralia, varoluşçuluk ve psikoanaliz gibi bir dizi düşünce disiplininin yanı sıra; Kant, Nietzsche, Heidegger gibi birçok düşünürle yapılan eleştirel diyalogun ürünüdür. Adorno'nun kendine özgü yöntemi, bu kitapta yine tamamen özgün olan uslubuyla kendini gösterir. Özel alandan genel tarihe ve özneyle ilgili tüm disiplinlere uzanan bir açıklama yelpazesi kullanır ve buradan hareketle çıkarımlarını felsefeye doğru geliştirir.
Adorno, amacını, "her noktası merkeze aynı uzaklıkta olan bir yazıya ulaşmak" olarak belirtmiştir ki, Minima Moralia, bu amacın hem kullanılan dil hem de kitaptaki konuların genel dağılımı açısından çok özel bir örnek olarak ortaya konulmasıdır. Ele geçirilmesi ve belli bir nokta da kapatılması olanaklı olmayan bir ifade tarzı kullanılmıştır.
Kitabın Türkçe çevirisi, Orhan Koçak ve Ahmet Doğukan tarafından yapılmış ve kitap aynı isimle 1998'de Türkçe olarak yayımlanmıştır. (Bkz:Minima Moralia, Thedor W.Adorno, Metis Yayınları/Üçüncü basım, Kasım 2002)
Protea türleri
Tanımlanmış Protea türleri şunlardır:
Takefumi Toma
Takefumi Toma (d. 21 Mart 1989), Japon futbolcudur. Profesyonel kariyerine 2007 yılında Kashima Antlers kulübünde başladı. Daha sonra sırasıyla Tochigi SC, Montedio Yamagata, Matsumoto Yamaga FC kulüplerinde oynadı.
Nuran Tezcan
Nuran Tezcan (d. 21 Aralık 1950), Türk edebiyatçı, akademisyen.
Divan Edebiyatına Yeniden Bakış adlı kitabıyla edebiyat araştırması alanında 2016 Cevdet Kudret Edebiyat Ödülü'nü kazandı.
Tezcan, Kapadokya Üniversitesi Beşeri Bilimler Fakültesi dekanıdır. Almanca, Osmanlıca, Farsça ve İngilizce bilmektedir.
Disney Channel
Disney Channel (1983'ten 1997'ye kadar The Disney Channel), Disney–ABC Television Group'un bir birimi olan sahibi Disney Channels Worldwide'a hizmet eden bir ABD kablo ve uydu televizyon ağı.
Kanalın programları, ilk gösterimlik orijinal televizyon dizileri, sinemalarda yayımlanan ve kablolu için yapılan orijinal filmler ile diğer üçüncü parti programlardan oluşmaktadır. Disney Channel –eskiden premium bir hizmet olarak işletilen– ilk olarak 1990'ların sonuna doğru programlarını aileler ve sonrasında ise daha küçük yaştaki çocuklara yönelik pazarladı. Orijinal programlarının birçoğu 6-14 yaş aralığındaki çocuklarI hedeflerken, Disney Junior programları ise 2-7 yaş aralığındaki daha küçük çocukları hedeflemektedir.
Şubat 2015 itibarı ile, Disney Channel Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nde yaklaşık 96,2 milyon ücretli televizyonun olduğu haneye (en az bir televizyon setine sahip hanelerin %82,7'sine) ulaşmaktadır.
1977–83
1977'nin başlarında, Walt Disney Productions yöneticisi Jim Jimirro stüdyodan televizyon ve film materyalini öne çıkaracak bir kablo televizyon ağı düşüncesini ortaya koydu. Şirketin Walt Disney World'daki Epcot Center'in gelişmesine odaklandığından bu yana, Disney başkanı Card Walker öneriyi geri çevirdi. Disney bu düşünceyi Group W'nin uydu birimiyle bir ortaklık içine girerek, 1982'de yeniden canlandırdı (aynı zamanda Viacom'a, The Disney Channel'in ilk rakiplerinden biri olan Showtime'deki %50 hissesini satmıştı); ancak Group W'nin ödemesi gerektiği kanalın başlangıç masraflarının %50'sine denk malî yükümlülükler ve kanalın yaratıcı denetimi üzerindeki anlaşmazlıklar yüzünden, Group W o Eylül gerçekleşmesi planlanan ortak girişimden çekildi.
Ortağı olan Group W'nin kaybedilmesine karşın, The Disney Channel gelişimiyle devam ediyordu Despite losing Group W as a partner, The Disney Channel continued on with its development – now solely under the oversight of Walt Disney Productions, and under the leadership of the channel's first president Alan Wagner; Walt Disney Productions biçimsel olarak formally announced the launch of its family-oriented cable channel in early 1983. Disney later invested US$11 million to acquiring space on two transponders of the Hughes Communications satellite Galaxy 1, and spent US$20 million on purchasing and developing programming. The concept of a premium service aimed at a family audience – which Walt Disney Productions would choose to develop The Disney Channel as – had first been attempted by HBO, which launched Take 2 in 1979 (the service, which was HBO's first attempt at a spin-off niche service (predating Cinemax's launch in Ağustos 1980), would shut down after only a few months on the air), and was followed by the 1981 launch of the Group W-owned Home Theater Network (which was the only premium channel that strictly competed with The Disney Channel for that demographic for much of the 1980s, until the 1987 launch of Festival).
Kuruluşu ve premium kanal olarak ilk yılları (1983–90)
The Disney Channel, 18 Nisan 1983'te Eastern Time 19.00'da ABD'ye özgü bir premium kanal olarak kuruldu. <!-- Kanalda yayınlanan ilk program da ilk orijinal dizisi Good Morning, Mickey!, which showcased classic Disney animated shorts. At the time of its launch, The Disney Channel's programming aired for 16 hours each day, from 7:00 a.m. to 11:00 p.m. Eastern and Pacific Time (comparatively, its competitors HBO, Cinemax, Showtime, The Movie Channel and Spotlight all had been operating on 24-hour programming schedules for a few years at the time). By the fall of 1983, the channel was available to more than 532,000 subscribers in the United States; this total would increase to 611,000 subscribers in Aralık of that year.
Programming during the channel's run as a premium service – carrying through to its transition to a basic cable channel – targeted children and teenagers during the morning and afternoon, families during primetime, and adults at night. The Disney Channel differed from other premium services in that it not only acquired broadcast rights to theatrical feature films, but, in addition to producing its own original programs, the channel aired several television series that were acquired through corporate sister Buena Vista Television and other program distributors. In its first years, The Disney Channel's programming included original series such as Welcome to Pooh Corner and You and Me Kid, along with several foreign-imported animated series and movies including Asterix, The Raccoons, Paddington Bear and the Avustralyan western Five Mile Creek; in addition to movies, the original late night schedule also featured reruns of The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet.
The channel's daytime schedule during its existence as a pay service was populated primarily by series aimed at children (as opposed to the movie-driven daytime lineups of other premium services), interspersed with a limited number of movies – usually a single daytime feature on weekdays, and two or three films on weekends, along with occasional live-action and animated specials for children. The nighttime schedule featured a mix of theatrical, made-for-cable and straight-to-video films (recent and older family-oriented movies were shown in the early evenings, while classic films – mainly releases from the 1930s to the 1960s – usually ran during the late evening and overnight hours) and original specials (primarily in the form of concerts, variety specials and documentaries). D-TV, a short segment featuring popular music interwoven with scenes from Disney's animated shorts and feature films, also periodically aired as filler between shows. Unlike other premium services, The Disney Channel opted not to disclose a film's Motion Picture Association of America-assigned rating prior to the start of the feature (the only bumpers appearing at the start of programs indicated closed captioned programs, as well as on rare occasions, parental advisories for feature films).
The channel's primary logo (which was used until 1997) featured multiple lines resembling a television screen that featured a negative space silhouette of Mickey Mouse's head; IDs shown before programs between 1986 and 1997 generally involved Mickey – whose arms are only shown – being involved in various situations (such as him having a nightmare in which the "Mickey Mouse TV" logo chases and then engulfs one of his gloves, Mickey wiping a foggy window or Mickey making shadow figures on a flashlight-lit wall) that featured the logo being formed or displayed in various ways.
For its subscribers, the channel provided a monthly (and later bi-monthly) program guide/magazine called The Disney Channel Magazine, which in addition to carrying listings for the channel's programming, had also carried feature stories on upcoming programs (the magazine also lent its name to a series of interstitials seen during promotional breaks on the channel that provided behind-the-scenes looks at The Disney Channel's programming). The Disney Channel Magazine ceased publication in early 1997 and was replaced by Behind the Ears (a print magazine which also shared its name with another series of behind-the-scenes interstitials that aired on the channel from 1997 to 2000) as the channel began primarily operating as a commercial-free basic channel.
Besides The Disney Channel Magazine and DTV, interstitial segments that padded out extended promotional breaks between programs (usually those seen within its nighttime schedule) during this period included A Disney Moment (featuring clips from Disney feature films and animated shorts); Backstage Pass (behind-the-scenes segments profiling upcoming Disney film and television projects); Dateline Disney (a generalized segment focusing on Disney's various filmed and themed entertainment projects; Dateline Walt Disney World and Dateline Disneyland were offshoots that aired from the late 1980s to mid-1990s which focused on attractions at the Disney theme parks); Walt Disney Imagineering (focusing on Disney projects from animation to attractions at the Disney theme parks); and Discover Magazine (an informative science and technology segment that was produced in conjunction with the magazine of the same name).
By Eylül 1983, The Disney Channel was available on cable providers in all 50 U.S. states. In Ekim 1983, the channel debuted its first made-for-cable movie, Tiger Town, which earned the channel a CableACE Award. The first classic Disney animated film to be broadcast on the channel, Alice in Wonderland, premiered on the network in Ocak 1984. By Ocak 1985, the channel's programming reached 1.75 million subscribers, at which time the channel had reached profitability.
Early in 1986, the musical sitcom Kids Incorporated premiered on the channel; the series was centered around a pre-teen (and later teen-to-young adult) group of friends who formed a pop music group, mixing their everyday situations with variety show and music video-style performances. Incorporating popular and recent songs that were performed by the cast (some of which had certain lyrics toned down to be more age-appropriate), it became a hit for The Disney Channel, spawning many future stars in both the music and acting worlds during its nine-year run, including Martika (who went by her real name, Marta Marrero, during the show's first season); eventual Party of Five co-stars Scott Wolf and Jennifer Love Hewitt (billed as Love Hewitt); and Stacy Ferguson (later a member of The Black Eyed Peas as well as a solo artist, under the stage name "Fergie").
In Mayıs 1988, The Disney Channel began scrambling its signal to prevent unauthorized viewing by home satellite dish users that did not subscribe to the service. That August, the channel debuted a series of concert specials, titled Going Home, with the first such special featuring Ashford & Simpson. That same year, Good Morning, Miss Bliss, a starring vehicle for Hayley Mills (of Polyanna and The Parent Trap fame), made its debut. Following its cancellation by The Disney Channel after 13 episodes due to low ratings, the series was picked up by NBC in 1989, and retooled as Saved by the Bell, with Mark-Paul Gosselaar, Dustin Diamond, Lark Voorhies and Dennis Haskins being the only cast members from Miss Bliss that were carried over to the new show; the retooled series became a hit as part of NBC's Saturday morning lineup (producing two spinoffs in the process) and through worldwide syndication.
In Nisan 1989, the channel revived one of Disney's early television staples with The All-New Mickey Mouse Club (later known as simply MMC); it became an immediate hit that proved Disney's basic variety show formula still worked in the modern era (unlike the short-lived 1970s revival). This version contained many elements featured in the original series from "theme days" to updated mouseketeer jackets, but the scripted and musical segments were more contemporary (featuring a broad mix of pop, rock and R&B artists in music performances, as well as sketches and serials such as Emerald Cove and Teen Angel). MMC served as the launching pad for several future stars such as Christina Aguilera, Britney Spears, Ryan Gosling, Keri Russell, JC Chasez and Justin Timberlake.
In Ağustos 1989, the channel launched a series of interstitial segments called The Disney Channel Salutes The American Teacher; the channel subsequently began telecasting the American Teacher Awards in Kasım 1991. By Ocak 1990, The Disney Channel had about five million subscribers nationwide. In Mayıs of that year, The Disney Channel won its first Daytime Emmy Awards for the original made-for-cable film Looking for Miracles, the documentary Calgary '88: 16 Days of Glory, and the special A Conversation with... George Burns, as well as its first Peabody Award for the television film Mother Goose Rock 'n' Rhyme.
As a hybrid premium/basic channel (1990–97)
In 1991, The Disney Channel tested a two-channel multiplex service on two cable systems (HBO, Cinemax and Showtime also launched their own multiplex services that same year, however The Disney Channel would not make its own multiplex service permanent unlike the others). By 1992, a third of the channel's subscriber base were estimated by Nielsen Media Research to be adults that did not have children; and by 1995, its subscriber base expanded to 15 million cable homes, eight million of which paid an additional monthly fee to receive the channel.
In 1996, veteran cable executive Anne Sweeney was appointed to oversee The Disney Channel as its president; that September, the channel began offering a film in primetime each night starting at 7:00 p.m. Eastern Time, with the expansion of the Sunday Magical World of Disney film block to Monday through Saturday nights; the new primetime schedule launched in Eylül with the pay cable premiere of The Lion King.
Transition to basic cable (1997–2002)
On Nisan 6, 1997, The Disney Channel underwent a significant rebranding, shortening its name to just "Disney Channel" – though the channel was typically referred to simply as "Disney" in on-air promotions and network identifications until Eylül 2002 – and introducing a new logo (a black Mickey ear-shaped TV set, though with the introduction of a new graphics package for on-air promotions and IDs during the channel's daytime and evening lineup in 2000, the TV's patterning often varied; early versions of the logo featured people and animated characters appearing within the TV set element of the logo such as a 1930s-era Mickey Mouse). The debut of its new on-air look coincided with the cable television premiere of Pocahontas.
Disney Channel initially continued to offer free preview events for pay television providers that continued to carry it as a premium service, but discontinued them altogether within three years of the rebrand. Although many providers still required subscribers to pay an additional monthly fee to view the channel at the time of its decision to incorporate them, Disney Channel also began to air break interruptions within shows, featuring promotions for the channel's programs as well as for feature film and home video releases from Disney. By Mart 1998, the channel was available to 35 million cable subscribers.
Original programming on Disney Channel began to ramp up during this period starting with the sitcom Flash Forward, and would increase in the following years with shows like The Famous Jett Jackson in 1998 and So Weird in 1999, and into the early 2000s with Lizzie McGuire – whose star Hilary Duff became the first lead actor or actress in one of the channel's original series to cross over into music through a record deal with co-owned music label Hollywood Records – and Even Stevens – which helped launch the career of its star Shia LaBeouf.
In 1999, Disney Channel placed a mandate to cable operators that continued to carry it as a premium service to move the channel to a basic cable tier or stop carrying it altogether, stipulating that it would not renew carriage agreements with providers (such as Time Warner Cable and Comcast, the last major cable providers to carry the channel as a pay service) that chose to continue offering the network as a premium channel. With the shift towards children as its target audience, some of the off-network programs acquired by the channel during the early-mid 2000s (such as Boy Meets World and later Sister, Sister) began to be edited for content such as profanity and sexual references that were deemed inappropriate for younger audiences.
Success and changing focus in the 2000s (2002–07)
By 2002, Disney Channel was available in 80 million cable homes nationwide. In early Eylül of that year, Disney Channel began a gradual rebranding, beginning with the discontinuance of the "Zoog" brand from on-air use (though Zoog Disney would continue to exist as a separate website until 2003, when the site's content was consolidated onto Disney Channel's primary website, DisneyChannel.com).
On Eylül 16, the Vault Disney overnight block was replaced by same-day repeats of the channel's original and acquired programs, primarily to contribute to the network's then-upcoming "hip" image. The block's removal resulted in Disney Channel not featuring programs aimed at adults for the first time in its history – with the channel's primetime feature films becoming the only programs that intentionally targeted a broader family audience. , Disney Channel is the only major American cable channel aimed at children that does not directly maintain a dual audience of both kids and adults (Nickelodeon and Cartoon Network each feature nighttime programming for families and/or adults). Movies shown during primetime were also reduced from an average of two to three features to only one each night of the week. The channel phased out reality and scripted drama series from its original programming slate, while substantially increasing the channel's reliance on live-action sitcoms and animated series.
One month later on Ekim 7, 2002, Disney Channel introduced a new on-air logo designed by CA Square (using an outline of Mickey Mouse's head as its centerpiece) that would later be adopted by its international sister channels in Mayıs 2003, and unveiled a new graphical design to fit the network's new look. Moreover, the channel began using a series of bumpers that are still used to this day, primarily featuring actors and animated characters from its original programs (and occasionally from Disney's theatrical releases) drawing the channel's logo using a wand (in actuality, a glowstick). Playhouse Disney became the only program block introduced in 1997 to remain on Disney Channel by this point (it was later relaunched as Disney Junior in Şubat 2011). Around this time, Disney Channel's original series began airing as part of corporate sister ABC's Saturday morning children's program block; most of the shows that began airing on the block in 2005 would remain on the network until Eylül 2011, when it was replaced by the Litton Entertainment-produced block Litton's Weekend Adventure.
Anne Sweeney was appointed president of Disney–ABC Television Group in 2004, ultimately helping to remake Disney Channel into "the major profit driver in the company" by the middle of the decade as the channel made major inroads in increasing its overall viewership, while in turn using a strategy – which proved successful – to discover, nurture and aggressively cross-promote teen music stars whose style and image were carefully targeted to the pre-teen and teenage demographic (a strategy that has been de-emphasized in the 2010s). Around that time – as Disney Channel's intended target audience began ranging from preschoolers to young adolescents – the channel began to add viewers outside this target demographic, creating increased competition with Viacom-owned Nickelodeon.
In 2003, Disney Channel premiered its first ever made-for-cable movie musical, The Cheetah Girls, which received a worldwide audience of 84 million viewers. In 2005, That's So Raven (which debuted in Ocak 2003) became the channel's highest-rated series since its transition to basic cable as well as becoming the first original series to run longer than 65 episodes – breaking a highly controversial rule that was implemented in 1998, aimed at limiting increases in production costs for its original programming (the 65-episode rule is no longer enforced, although most series are now usually discontinued after their fourth season at maximum) – Raven eventually became the channel's longest-running original series at 100 episodes and the first to spawn a spin-off series (Cory in the House). The Suite Life of Zack & Cody made its debut in Mart 2005, and also became a hit for the channel.
The earlier success of The Cheetah Girls led to the creation of other music-themed original programming: 2006 saw the debut of the hit original movie High School Musical (on Ocak 20) and the series Hannah Montana (on Mart 25), the latter of which launched the career of its star Miley Cyrus (who starred opposite her father, country singer Billy Ray Cyrus, in the series). On Temmuz 28 of that year, the channel saw the debut of the its first multiple-series crossover, That's So Suite Life of Hannah Montana (which involved That's So Raven, The Suite Life of Zack & Cody and Hannah Montana).
Modern Disney Channel (2007–present)
In 2007, the channel began dropping most of its acquired programs, and also began to incorporate rotating hour-long blocks of its original series and other programs during the daytime hours. It also moved first-run episodes of its original series on weekends from late afternoon/early evening into primetime. In addition, the channel began putting less emphasis on its animated series, moving some of them from primetime to graveyard slots, while substantially increasing its reliance on teen-oriented sitcoms. Despite this, 2007 saw the debut of Phineas and Ferb, the first original animated series (and first long-form original series) to be broadcast in HD.
Two other series premiered that year: the That's So Raven spin-off Cory in the House (which ended after two seasons) and the more successful Wizards of Waverly Place (which surpassed That's So Raven in Ekim 2011 to become Disney Channel's longest-running original series, and ending its run in Ocak 2012 at 106 episodes). High School Musical 2 premiered on Ağustos 17 of that year, becoming the highest-rated non-sports program in the history of basic cable and the highest-rated made-for-cable movie premiere on record (as well as the highest-rated television program – broadcast or cable – of Summer 2007) with 17.2 million viewers.
In 2008, The Suite Life of Zack & Cody spin-off The Suite Life on Deck (which became the #1 series among children between ages of 6- and 12-years-old in 2008) premiered, along with two more music-based original made-for-TV movies: Camp Rock and The Cheetah Girls: One World.
Capitalizing on the rising star status of the Jonas Brothers and Demi Lovato following Camp Rock, two series respectively starring both acts premiered in 2009: JONAS and Sonny with a Chance (Lovato also co-starred in the original movie Princess Protection Program, which premiered in June). The Ağustos debut of the original film Wizards of Waverly Place: The Movie became the highest-rated cable program of 2009 (excluding sporting events), premiering to 11.4 million viewers and ranking as the second highest-rated original movie premiere in Disney Channel's history, behind High School Musical 2. The Temmuz 17 premiere of the Wizards/Suite Life on Deck/Hannah Montana crossover special Wizards on Deck with Hannah Montana also beat out its cable and broadcast competition that night with 9.1 million viewers (effectively making the Wizards and On Deck episodes featured in the special the highest-rated episodes of both series at that point).
In 2010, Good Luck Charlie debuted as Disney Channel's first original sitcom targeted at family audiences, while Fish Hooks and Shake It Up also made their debuts. That year also saw the premiere of Camp Rock 2: The Final Jam among the four original movies premiering that year, along with two made-for-TV movies that were co-produced with Canadian specialty channels (Harriet the Spy: Blog Wars, in conjunction with Movie Central and The Movie Network; and 16 Wishes, with Family Channel). On Kasım 19, 2010, Disney Channel began offering an alternate Spanish-language audio feed (carried either as a separate second audio program track or sold by cable and satellite providers in the form of a separate channel that is part of a Spanish-language programming package). Hannah Montana and The Suite Life on Deck both ended in 2011; Sonny with a Chance, meanwhile, was retooled as So Random! – focusing on the show within the show – after Demi Lovato decided not to return to the series to focus on her music career, following her treatment for bulimia and bipolar disorder (the So Random! spin-off series was canceled after one season in Mayıs 2012). Four other series (A.N.T. Farm, PrankStars, Jessie and Austin & Ally) also debuted that year, along with six made for-TV movies (most notably The Suite Life Movie, Lemonade Mouth and Phineas and Ferb the Movie: Across the 2nd Dimension).
In 2012, Disney Channel ended Nickelodeon's 17-year run as the highest-rated cable channel in the United States, placing its first ever win in total-day viewership among all cable networks as measured by ACNielsen. In Haziran of that year, The Walt Disney Company announced that it would stop advertising or promoting food or beverage products that do not meet strict nutritional guidelines on Disney Channel or its other media properties aimed at children by 2015, purportedly becoming the first media company to take such a stance on stopping the marketing of junk food products to kids (due to its commercial-free format, such advertising appears only in the form of underwriter sponsorships during promotional breaks). On Haziran 15 of that year, the channel premiered the original movie musical Let It Shine and the animated series Gravity Falls.
On Temmuz 1, 2012, Disney Channel began providing Descriptive Video Service audio in compliance with the 21st Century Communications and Video Accessibility Act of 2010, which required network owned-and-operated stations and affiliates in the 25 largest television markets as well as the five highest-rated cable and satellite channels (including Disney Channel) to offer audio descriptions for the blind. On Temmuz 14, 2012, Disney Channel announced its first television collaboration with Marvel Entertainment (which was acquired by The Walt Disney Company in 2009), in the form of a crossover special that aired on Ağustos 16, 2013 called Phineas and Ferb: Mission Marvel featuring characters from Phineas and Ferb and the Marvel Universe, the newest animated series, Wander Over Yonder debuted after that.
On Şubat 15 and 16, 2014, Disney Channel announced the future of the animated series airing on the channel at the time; it announced that Gravity Falls and Wander Over Yonder would move to Disney XD, and that Phineas and Ferb go on hiatus and with its production having already been suspended.
On Mayıs 23, 2014, Disney Channel unveiled a new logo and on-air imaging design; first introduced in Ocak 2014 by the then-new, free-to-air Disney Channel service in Germany, the new logo replaces the boxed design of the previous logo with a more compact wordmark, and incorporates the Mickey Mouse imagery as the dot of the "I" within the Disney script. Designed in collaboration with Disney Channel's U.S. and European operations and the design agencies Royale and BDA, the overall presentation package was designed so that the network could maintain its iconic "wand" idents (where stars of the network's programs either dotted the "I" with a wand or drew out the ears element), and allow such IDs made for the channel's previous on-air imaging to be adapted for use with the new logo – especially in markets where "new" episodes of older Disney Channel programs that had concluded their U.S. run were still premiering.
Programming
Disney Channel's schedule currently consists largely of original series aimed at pre-teens and young teenagers (including live-action series such as I Didn't Do It, Dog with a Blog, Liv and Maddie, Girl Meets World, Jessie and Austin & Ally), and series aimed at preschoolers as part of its Disney Junior block (such as Sofia the First, Jake and the Never Land Pirates and Mickey Mouse Clubhouse). The channel also airs repeats of former Disney Channel original series (such as The Suite Life on Deck, Good Luck Charlie, Shake It Up and Wizards of Waverly Place), occasional reruns of Disney XD original series part of the "Disney XD on Disney Channel" block (such as Lab Rats, Mighty Med, Phineas and Ferb, Gravity Falls and Star Wars Rebels), original made-for-TV movies, feature films, short-form programs known as "short shows" (which air more commonly on the Disney Junior block, and are used primarily to fill predetermined five-minute gaps between programs) and music videos from artists signed to sister companies Hollywood Records and Walt Disney Records as well as songs featured in recent and upcoming Disney feature film releases (full versions of these music videos typically air only during the video's premiere and as filler between programs, while shorter versions usually air during promo breaks during the current program).
Disney Channel essentially operates as a commercial-free channel, opting not to feature traditional commercial advertisements during its in-show breaks due to concerns that younger viewers Mayıs be unable to separate the difference between programs and advertisements, and in order to pay a lower license fee rate to broadcast feature films distributed by major movie studios than ad-supported channels would pay – in lieu of running commercials, Disney Channel maintains underwriter sponsorships with major companies such as Best Western and Mattel, in addition to in-house promotions for the channel's programs (and occasionally, programs seen on other Disney-owned channels, most commonly Disney XD and Disney Junior) and Disney entertainment products.
Atypical of most U.S. cable channels, since 2006, Disney Channel's scripted programs (including shows featured on the Disney Junior block) feature additional scenes played over the closing credits. It also has an unwritten requirement that its original live-action series no more than six regular cast members (So Weird was the last series prior to 2003 to have more than six series regulars within its cast, Shake It Up is the only series since that point to exceed the limit as it had seven contract cast members during its second season in 2012-13). The channel's series tend to have smaller writing staffs compared to scripted series seen on other broadcast and cable networks (usually featuring around four and eight credited staff writers, instead of the eight to 11 writers commonly found on most scripted shows). Its live-action multi-camera series also commonly utilize a simulated film look (the FilmLook processing for such shows debuting between 2003 and 2008; the HD-compatible 'filmizing' technique for all newer and returning original series produced after 2009, which reduce the video frame rate to 24 frames per second).
During the 1980s and 1990s, Disney Channel ran classic Disney animated shorts released between the 1930s and 1960s, which were removed from the lineup in 2000; since 2009, repackaged versions of these shorts are seen as part of the short series ReMicks and have a laugh!. The channel later debuted Mickey Mouse, a series of original shorts featuring the classic Disney animated characters including the titular character on Haziran 28, 2013.
Movie library
Disney Channel often broadcasts a movie most nights during the week and occasionally airs films during the daytime hours, however these are not always necessarily telecasts of a theatrically released film. The channel produces original made-for-cable movies called Disney Channel Original Movies (or DCOMs), which are frequently broadcast during primetime hours. Family-oriented made-for-TV movies began airing on the Disney Channel in Ekim 1983 under the brand Disney Channel Premiere Films with the premiere of Tiger Town; the DCOM slate began with the Ağustos 1997 premiere of Northern Lights. After that point, the number of DCOMs that debuted each year began to increase – from two in 1997 to a high of twelve in 2000, when the network premiered a new original movie each month during that year, gradually decreasing to the current rate two to four premieres each year.
Disney Channel previously ran double airings of its original movies on the night of their premiere, until the Ocak 2006 premiere of High School Musical; encore presentations of new original movies were also aired during primetime on the Saturday and Sunday after their initial premiere from 2001 (when the channel moved its original movie premieres from Saturdays to Fridays) to 2009, when these encores were reduced to occasional airings on one of the two days, with few exceptions (Camp Rock was the first film not to be encored in this manner). "Special edition" airings of its higher-profile original movies are also sometimes aired, including sing-along versions of music-based films (featuring on-screen lyrics for viewers to sing along with the film's songs) and "What's What" editions (styled similarly to Pop-Up Video, featuring on-screen pop-up facts about the movie and its stars).
High School Musical 2 is currently the most successful DCOM in terms of popularity and accolades, setting a basic cable record for the single most-watched television program, as its Ağustos 2007 debut was watched by 17.2 million viewers (counting sports, this record stood until a Aralık 3, 2007 telecast of a New England Patriots-Baltimore Ravens game on corporate sibling ESPN's Monday Night Football, which was watched by 17.5 million viewers). The Cheetah Girls films were also notably successful in terms of merchandise, and sales for its concert tour and soundtrack albums. The first film in 2003 was the first made-for-TV movie musical in Disney Channel's history, and had a worldwide audience of over 84 million viewers. The second movie was the most successful of the series, bringing in 8.1 million viewers in the U.S. An 86-date concert tour featuring the group was ranked as one of the top 10 concert tours of 2006; the tour broke a record at the Houston Rodeo that was set by Elvis Presley in 1973, selling out with 73,500 tickets sold in three minutes.
In addition to its made-for-cable films, Disney Channel has rights to theatrically released feature films, with some film rights shared with sister network ABC Family. Along with films released by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures (mainly consisting of releases from Walt Disney Pictures, Walt Disney Animation Studios and Pixar), the channel also maintains rights to films from other studios including Warner Bros. Entertainment, Universal Pictures, The Weinstein Company, Sony Pictures Entertainment, Lions Gate Entertainment, 20th Century Fox and Paramount Pictures. Some films released by Bagdasarian Productions (such as The Chipmunk Adventure and Alvin and the Chipmunks Meet Frankenstein) have also aired on Disney Channel, although most of them are not presently owned by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures.
Films made up roughly half of Disney Channel's daily schedule between 1986 and 1998; the number of movies broadcast on the channel have steadily eroded since then, to the point that films now only air Monday through Thursdays in primetime on an inconsistent basis (with episodes of its original series airing on nights when a film is not scheduled), regularly on weekend late nights and, during the daytime hours also on an inconsistent basis.