cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
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Téori évolusi
Filogeni oray can pati jéntré, sabab kurangna catetan fosil alatan leutik jeung gampang ancurna rorongkong oray. Tapi, dumasar morfologina, aya kasapukan yén oray téh diturunkeun ti karuhun nu kawas kadal. Panyangka ieu lajeng didukung ku hasil panalungtikan dina widang genetika jeung biokimia. <!-- Recent fossil evidence suggests that snakes directly evolved from burrowing lizards, either varanids or some other group. An early fossil snake, Najash rionegrina, was a two-legged burrowing animal with a sacrum, fully terrestrial. One extant analog of these putative ancestors is the earless monitor Lanthanotus of Borneo, although it also is semi-aquatic. As these ancestors became more subterranean, they lost their limbs and became more streamlined for burrowing. Features such as the transparent, fused eyelids and loss of external ears, according to this hypothesis, evolved to combat subterranean conditions (scratched corneas, dirt in the ears). According to this hypothesis, snakes re-emerged onto the surface of the land much as they are today. Other primitive snakes are known to have possessed hindlimbs but lacked a direct connection of the pelvic bones to the vertebrae, including Haasiophis, Pachyrhachis and Eupodophis) which are slightly older than Najash.
Baro Kunyet, Padang Tiji, Pidie
Baro Kunyet nyaéta salah sahiji Gampong di kacamatan Padang Tiji, Kabupatén Pidie, Propinsi Acéh, Indonésia.
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Téori évolusi
Modern boas do have vestigal hind limbs, tiny, clawed digits known as anal spurs and used to grasp during mating.
Jadimulya, Cirebon Utara, Cirebon
Jadimulya nyaéta salah sahiji désa di kacamatan Cirebon Utara, Kabupatén Cirebon, Propinsi Jawa Barat, Indonésia.
Basa Aabinomin
Basa Aabinomin nyaéta basa wewengkon anu aya di Indonésia. Panyaturna aya di 1 propinsi nyaéta propinsi Papua, nu dumuk di 1 kabupaten/kota.
Way Nukak, Karya Penggawa, Pesisir Kulon
Way Nukak nyaéta salah sahiji Désa di kacamatan Karya Penggawa, Kabupatén Pesisir Kulon, Propinsi Sumatra Kalér, Indonésia.
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Téori évolusi
The alternative hypothesis, based on morphology, suggests that ancestors were related to mosasaurs — extinct aquatic reptiles from the Cretaceous — which in turn are thought to have derived from varanid lizards. Under this hypothesis, the fused, transparent eyelids of snakes are thought to have evolved to combat marine conditions (corneal water loss through osmosis), while the external ears were lost through disuse in an aquatic environment, ultimately leading to an animal similar in appearance to sea snakes of today. In the Late Cretaceous, snakes re-colonized the land much like they are today. Fossil snake remains are known from early Late Cretateous marine sediments, which is consistent with this hypothesis, particularly as they are older than the terrestrial Najash rionegrina. Similar skull structure; reduced/absent limbs; and other anatomical features found in both mosasaurs and snakes lead to a positive cladistical correlation, though some features are also shared with varanids. Supposedly similar locomotion for both groups is also used as support for this hypothesis. Genetic studies have indicated that snakes are not especially related to monitor lizards, and (it has been claimed) therefore not to mosasaurs, the proposed ancestor in the aquatic scenario of their evolution. However, there is more evidence linking mosasaurs to snakes than to varanids. Fragmentary remains that have been found from the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous indicate deeper fossil records for these groups, which may eventually refute either hypothesis.
The great diversity of modern snakes appeared in the Paleocene, probably correlated with the adaptive radiation of mammals following the extinction of the dinosaurs.
Feeding
All snakes are carnivorous, eating small animals including lizards and other snakes, rodents and other small mammals, birds, eggs or insects. Some snakes have a venomous bite which they use to kill their prey before eating it. Other snakes kill their prey by constriction. Still others swallow their prey whole and alive. Read more about snake food.
Snakes do not chew their food and have a very flexible lower jaw, the two halves of which are not rigidly attached, and numerous other joints in their skull (see snake skull), allowing them to open their mouths wide enough to swallow their prey whole, even if it is larger in diameter than the snake itself. It is a common misconception that snakes actually dislocate their lower jaw to consume large prey.
After eating, snakes become torpid while the process of digestion takes place. Digestion is an intensive activity, especially after the consumption of very large prey. In species which feed only sporadically, the entire intestine enters a reduced state between meals to conserve energy, and the digestive system is 'up-regulated' to full capacity within 48 hours of prey consumption. So much metabolic energy is involved in digestion that in Crotalus durissus, the Mexican rattlesnake, an increase of body temperature to as much as 14 degrees Celsius above the surrounding environment has been observed. Because of this, a snake disturbed after having eaten recently will often regurgitate its prey in order to be able to escape the perceived threat. However, when undisturbed, the digestive process is highly efficient, dissolving and absorbing everything but hair and claws, which are excreted along with uric acid waste. Snakes have been known to occasionally die from trying to swallow an animal that is too big. Snake digestive acids are unable to digest most plant matter, which passes through the digestive system mostly untouched.
Snakes do not normally prey on people, but there are instances of small children being eaten by large constrictors in the jungle. While some particularly aggressive species exist, most will not attack humans unless startled or injured, preferring instead to avoid contact. The majority of snakes are either non-venomous or possess venom that is not harmful to humans.
Skin
The skin is covered in scales. Most snakes use specialized belly scales to move, gripping surfaces. The body scales may be smooth, keeled, or granular. Their eyelids are transparent "spectacle" scales which remain permanently closed. They shed their skin periodically. Unlike other reptiles, this is done in one piece, like pulling off a sock. The primary purpose of this is to grow; shedding also removes external parasites. This periodic renewal has led to the snake being a symbol of healing and medicine, as pictured in the Rod of Asclepius. In "advanced" (Caenophidian) snakes, the broad belly scales and rows of dorsal scales correspond to the vertebrae, allowing scientists to count the vertebrae without dissection. If there is not enough humidity in the air while snakes are shedding their skin, it can be very dangerous for the snake, because the dry skin does not shed. Skin that remains attached to the snake can harbour diseases and parasites. A tail tip that is not removed can constrict as the snake grows, cutting off the blood supply to the end of the tail causing it to drop off. A retained spectacle can cause the snake to become blind in the affected eye.
Perception
While snake vision is unremarkable (generally being best in arboreal species and worst in burrowing species), it is able to detect movement. Some snakes, like the Asian vine snake, have binocular vision. In most snakes, the lens moves back and forth within the eyeball to focus. In addition to their eyes, some snakes (pit vipers, pythons, and some boas) have infrared-sensitive receptors in deep grooves between the nostril and eye which allow them to "see" the radiated heat.
Snakes have no external ears, but they do have a bone called the quadrate under the skin on either side of the head which focuses sound into the cochlea. Their sense of hearing is most sensitive to frequencies around 200–300 Hz.
A snake smells by using its forked tongue to collect airborne particles then passing them to the Jacobson's organ in the mouth for examination. The fork in the tongue gives the snake a sort of directional sense of smell. The part of the body which is direct contact with the surface of the ground is very sensitive to vibration thus a snake able to sense other animals approaching.
Internal organs
The left lung is very small or sometimes even absent, as snakes' tubular bodies require all of their organs to be long and thin. To accommodate them all, only one lung is functional. This lung contains a vascularized anterior portion and a posterior portion which does not function in gas exchange. This 'saccular lung' may be used to adjust buoyancy in some aquatic snakes and its function remains unknown in terrestrial species. Also, many organs that are paired, such as kidneys or reproductive organs, are staggered within the body, with one located ahead of the other. The most primitive snakes, including boas and pythons, have anal spurs, a pair of claws on either side of the cloaca which are used by the males for stimulation of females during mating.
Locomotion
Snakes utilize a variety of methods of movement which allows them substantial mobility in spite of their legless condition. All snakes are capable of lateral undulation, in which the body is flexed side-to-side, and the flexed areas propagate posteriorly, giving the overall shape of a posteriorly propagating sine wave. In addition, all snakes are capable of concertina movement. This method of movement can be used to both climb trees and move through small tunnels. In the case of trees, the branch is grasped by the posterior portion of the body, while the anterior portion is extended. The anterior portion then grasps the branch, and the posterior portion is pulled forward. In the case of tunnels, instead of grasping, the body loops are pressed against the tunnel walls to attain traction, but the motion is otherwise similar. Another common method of locomotion is rectilinear locomotion, in which the snake remains straight and propels itself via a caterpillar-like motion of its belly-muscles. This mode is usually only used by very large, heavy snakes, such as large pythons and vipers. The most complex and interesting mode is sidewinding, an undulatory motion used to move across slippery mud or loose sand.
Not all snakes dwell on land; sea snakes live in shallow tropical seas.
In terrestrial lateral undulation, posteriorly propagating unilateral waves of muscle contraction occur. The regions of muscle activity for each side extend from the most concave point on that side posteriorly to the most convex side. Thus, when a point on the snake's body is maximally flexed to the right, the right muscles activate, bending it back to the left until it's maximally right-convex, at which point the right side muscles turn off, and the left side muscles turn on. Speed is modulated primarily by alteration of frequency. Aquatic lateral undulation appears superficially similar, but the muscle activation pattern is different, with the regions of muscle activity being 'shifted' posteriorly to where they would be in terrestrial lateral undulation. The reasons for this difference are not fully understood.
Sidewinding, though it appears complex and confusing, is actually a simple modification of terrestrial lateral undulation. At the points of maximal flexion, the dorsalmost muscle group (traversospinalis group) activates, lifting that portion of the body over the ground, and resulting in other portions of the body remaining in static contact. This mode is used to cross slick surfaces such as mud flats and sand, and has nothing to do with thermoregulation, as is sometimes erroneously stated. Many species of snake, including species commonly kept as pets and which do not usually encounter deserts or mud flats, will sidewind when placed on a slick floor or tabletop and enticed to move fast.
Concertina locomotion and rectilinear locomotion are less well understood. Studies of muscle activity have only been done for tunnel concertina locomotion, which shows that the muscles are unilaterally active in static regions of bending in order to brace the snake against the tunnel walls. Rectilinear is believed to rely on different muscles from the other modes; while they all rely on the large epaxial muscles, rectilinear locomotion seems to rely upon the small costocutaneous muscles. However, this has not been verified experimentally, due to the difficulties in working with these small muscles.
"Flying" snakes
Several species of snake have the ability to glide, all being in the genus Chrysopelea. They are quite capable at it, able to travel as far as 1370 metres through the air. They tend to make slithering motions to steer and help propel themselves along, propulsion being something unusual among the many gliding animals.
Reproduction
A wide range of reproductive modes are used by snakes. All snakes employ internal fertilization, accomplished by means of paired, forked hemipenes, which are stored inverted in the male's tail. Most snakes lay eggs, and of those most species abandon them shortly after laying; however, some species are ovoviviparous and retain the eggs within their bodies until they are almost ready to hatch. Recently, it has been confirmed that several species of snake are fully viviparous, nourishing their young through a placenta as well as a yolk sac, highly unusual among reptiles, or indeed anything else outside of placental mammals. Retention of eggs and live birth are commonly, but not exclusively, associated with cold environments, as the retention of the young within the female allows her to control their temperature more effectively than if the developing young were in external eggs.
Snake bites
Documented deaths resulting from snake bites are uncommon in most areas of the world. Only about 450 species of snakes are venomous (with only about 250 that are able to kill a human), and among the 70,000 Americans bitten by venomous snakes every year, fewer than fifteen die (lightning kills more). See snakebites for more information, including prevention of snake bites and first aid treatment.
Jarami
jmpl|Jarami paré
Cangcaratan
Cangcaratan, Néonaucléa lancéolata (Blume) Merr., tutuwuhan Rubiacéae.
Ngaran lokal: bangkal; Malaysia: lenggaung, mengkal; Piilipina: kalamansanai, hambabalud
Sebaran géograpis: India, Myanmar, Indocina, Cina kidul, Thailand, sapanjang wewengkon Malesia, Kapuloan Solomon, Melanesia, Mikronesia, jeung Australia kaler.
Mangpaat: pikeun wangunan, rawayan, jandela, parahu, mebeler, lomari, peti.
Bunga Melur, Deleng Pokhkisen, Aceh Tenggara
Bunga Melur nyaéta salah sahiji Gampong di kacamatan Deleng Pokhkisen, Kabupatén Aceh Tenggara, Propinsi Acéh, Indonésia.
Jarami
Jarami nyaéta tangkal paré anu geus dipisahkeun tina paréna. Jarami ogé nunjul kana sésa tina olahan sisikian tatanén mangrupa tangkal-tangkal séréalia anu geus garing, sarta sikina/buahna geus dipipitan atawa dipisahkeun. Beuratna jarami kurang leuwih sarua jeung beuratna sisikian anu dipanén, jarami mibanda rupa-rupa kagunaan: suluh, parab ingon-ingon, Rarapénn kandang, hateup, bungkus endog, jeung réa-réa deui. Jarami remen dikumpulkeun dina wangun gulungan, dibeungkeut, aya ogé anu di press, aya ogé anu maké mesin jadi jarami bisa dijieun buleud atawa pasagi.
Bunga Melur, Deleng Pokhkisen, Aceh Tenggara
Bunga Melur, Deleng Pokhkisen, Aceh Tenggara
Jarami
Paribasa
Néangan jarum dina tumpukan jarami.
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Venomous snakes
A venomous snake is a snake that uses modified saliva, venom, delivered through fangs in its mouth, to immobilize or kill its prey. (In contrast, most non-venomous species are constrictors which suffocate their prey.) Venomous snakes include several families of snakes and do not constitute a formal classification group used in taxonomy.
Venomous snakes are generally classified in four taxonomic families:
This list is incomplete.
Snakes as pets
Many varieties of snakes are docile and suitable as exotic pets.
"Beginner snakes" typically grow less than 180cm. Certain snakes are preferred as pets because they readily take food items that are inexpensive and acquired at many pet stores (feeder fish, crickets, small rodents, etc.) Some owners train their snakes to eat pre-killed meals (especially larger ones such as guinea pigs and rabbits) in order to avoid possible struggles with live prey leading to injuries to the snake, or out of sheer sympathy for the prey.
F/T refers to frozen/thawed food items. Some pet stores, such as PetSmart, only sell F/T feeders to avoid the perception of cruelty to the prey.
Jarami
Mangpaat jeung kagunaan
Jarami kungsi, jeung masih dimangpaatkeunpikeun:
Nusantara
Nusantara nyaéta hiji kecap majemuk nu dicokot tina basa Jawa Kuna nusa (pulo) jeung antara (séjén).
Kecap ieu mibanda sababaraha harti:
Konsep kanagaraan Jawa
Dina konsép kanagaraan Jawa, daérah kakawasaan raja dibagi jadi tilu:
Nagara Agung mangrupa wewengkon sakuriling ibukota karajaan tempat raja marentah. Mancanagara nyaéta daérah-daérah di pulo Jawa jeung sabudeureunnana nu budayana ampir sarua jeung Nagara Agung, tapi geus aya di "daerah wates". Ditilik tina panempo ieu, Madura jeung Bali mangrupa daérah "mancanegara". Lian ti eta, Lampung jeung Palembang meureun bisa dianggep kénéh minangka "mancanagara". Sedengkeun Nusantara mangrupa daérah di luar pangaruh budaya Jawa, tapi (kadang-kadang) diaku minangka daérah jajahan nu para pengawasana kudu mayar upeti.
Konsep kabudayaan moderen
Ditilik tina sisi kabudayaan jeung pamakéan basa moderen, istilah "Nusantara" atawa biasana ngawengku daérah kapuloan Asia Tenggara atawa daérah di mana budaya jeung basa Austronesia dimumule. Ditilik tina kaca mata ieu, Malaysia, Filipina jeung boa Vietnam jeung Taiwan (sarta Madagaskar) kaasup kana daérah Nusantara sedengkeun Papua mah henteu. Kajaba keur daérah Irian Jaya Barat.
Konsep geografis
"Nusantara" ogé meureun bisa nujul kana wilayah nu katelah Kapuloan Malayu dina basa Inggris (Malay Archipelago), nyaéta Indonésia, Filipina, Brunéi, Sabah jeung Sarawak, Wilayah Persekutuan Labuan, Timor Timur jeung Papua Nugini tapi henteu kaasup Malaysia.
2007 EK
Ari 2007 EK mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Apollo, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.272, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 29.3. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO�118216.
Bebentukan
Kawas sakumna astéroid, ieu astéroid kabentuk tina nébula panonpoé primordial minangka beubeulahan planétisimal, objék di nébula marcapada ngora nu teu cukup badag pikeun robah jadi planét.
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Snake charmers
In some parts of the world, especially in India and Pakistan, snake charming is a roadside show performed by a charmer. In this, the snake charmer carries a basket that contains a snake which he seemingly charms by playing tunes from his flute-like musical instrument, to which the snake responds. However, snakes' sense of hearing is not very sensitive to the range of the charmer's instrument, so they may not be able to hear the music at all. Researchers have pointed out that many of these snake charmers are good sleight-of-hand artists. The snake moves corresponding to the flute movement and the vibrations from the tapping of the charmer's foot which is not noticed by the public. They rarely catch their snakes and the snakes are either nonvenomous or defanged cobras. Sometimes these people exploit the fear of snakes by releasing snakes into the neighbourhood and then offering to rid the residence of snakes. Other snake charmers also have a snake and mongoose show, where both the animals have a mock fight; however, this is not very common, as the snakes may be seriously injured or killed.
Snake trapping
Despite the existence of snake charmers, there have also been professional snake catchers or wranglers. The tribals of "Irulas" from Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu in India have been practicising this art for generations. They generally don't use gimmicks and with the help of a simple stick catch the snakes from the fields or houses. They are also known to eat some of the snakes they catch and are very useful in rat extermination in the villages. Their knowledge of snakes and their behaviour is uncanny. Modern day snake trapping involves a herpetologist using a long stick with a "V" shaped end. Some like Steve Irwin prefer to catch them using bare hands.
Pangunjungan, Habinsaran, Toba Samosir
Pangunjungan nyaéta salah sahiji Désa di kacamatan Habinsaran, Kabupatén Toba Samosir, Propinsi Sumatra Kalér, Indonésia.
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Snake trapping
At least one tribe of natives uses a specialized form of snake catching as a rite of passage to manhood. The young man of interest will wrap his leg heavily in some type of cloth all the way to the inseam. He will then stick his leg in a burrow containing a large python, typically a reticulated python. After the snake swallows most of his leg several other members of the tribe will pull him out of the hole along with the snake. The snake is then killed and the man's leg removed from the snake. These snakes can be over 20 ft long and it is possible for the man to have his leg dislocated. The scent of a prey animal may be used to help convince to snake to swallow the leg.-->
Klasifikasi
Ordo: Squamata
Kuta Bahagia, Blang Pidie, Aceh Barat Daya
Kuta Bahagia nyaéta salah sahiji Gampong di kacamatan Blang Pidie, Kabupatén Aceh Barat Daya, Propinsi Acéh, Indonésia.
2015 AK1
Ari 2015 AK1 mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Apollo, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.513, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 24.3. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO�382718.
2013 AB65
Ari 2013 AB65 mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Apollo, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.748, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 27.6. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO�250176.
Bebentukan
Kawas sakumna astéroid, ieu astéroid kabentuk tina nébula panonpoé primordial minangka beubeulahan planétisimal, objék di nébula marcapada ngora nu teu cukup badag pikeun robah jadi planét.
2000 PN
Ari 2000 PN mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Apollo, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.762, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 22.5. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO�3960.
Bebentukan
Kawas sakumna astéroid, ieu astéroid kabentuk tina nébula panonpoé primordial minangka beubeulahan planétisimal, objék di nébula marcapada ngora nu teu cukup badag pikeun robah jadi planét.
1002
Taun ka-1002 Maséhi dina Kalénder Grégorian.
Jatimerta, Cirebon Utara, Cirebon
Jatimerta nyaéta salah sahiji désa di kacamatan Cirebon Utara, Kabupatén Cirebon, Propinsi Jawa Barat, Indonésia.
Pasar Baru, Sungai Penuh, Sungai Penuh
Pasar Baru nyaéta salah sahiji désa di kacamatan Sungai Penuh, Kota Sungai Penuh, Propinsi Jambi, Indonésia.
2016 GF135
Ari 2016 GF135 mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Apollo, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.280, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 26.2. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO�374806.
Bebentukan
Kawas sakumna astéroid, ieu astéroid kabentuk tina nébula panonpoé primordial minangka beubeulahan planétisimal, objék di nébula marcapada ngora nu teu cukup badag pikeun robah jadi planét.
Liberty Bell
Liberty Bell nyaéta hiji loncéng anu ngalambangkeun simbol kabébasan jeung kamerdikaan Amérika Sarikat. Loncéng ieu aya di Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Sajarah
Mimitina, Majelis Pennsylvania maréntahkeun nyieun ieu bél pikeun miéling 50 taun Charter of Privileges anu dijieun ku William Penn di taun 1701. Charter of Privileges ngabahas ngeunaan hak jeung kabébasan anu ngahargaan batur di sakuliah dunya. Utamana pamikiran William Penn ngeunaan kabébasan beragama, sikep liberal ngeunaan hak-hak pangeusi asli Amérika, sarta partisipasi warga nagara dina nyieun undang-undang.
Di tanggal 1 Nopémber 1751, hiji surat dikirimkeun ka Robert Charles, Ag'én Kolonial ti Propinsi Pennsylvania anu digawé di London. Surat éta ditandatanganan ku Isaac Norris, Thomas Leech, jeung Edward Warner, pikeun nepikeun kahayang Majelis pikeun meuli bél pikeun munara State House (kiwari Independence Hall).
Tuluy, loncéng nepi di Philadelphia di tanggal 1 Séptémber 1752, tapi teu digantung nepi ka tanggal 10 Maret 1753, ku sabab sorana anu kurang ngeunaheun sarta retak.
Tuluy di tanggal 8 Juli 1776, loncéng ieu disada pikeun ngageroan warga Philadelphia sangkan ngadéngé biantara munggaran ngeunaan Déklarasi Kamerdékaan anu dibacakeun ku John Nixon.
Nalika Britania Raya ngaeréh Philadelphia di taun 1777, ieu loncéng kungsi dipindahkeun sarta disumputkeun di Geréja Réformasi Sion salila ampir sataun sarta dipulangkeun deui ka Philadelphia nalika usum panas taun 1778 saenggeus Britania Raya mangkat ti kota éta.
Retakan dina loncéng
Liberty Bell miboga retakan anu bisa ditempo kiwari. Kumaha mimitina éta loncéng bisa retak, teu dipikanyaho sacara pasti.
Di taun 1751, nalika Majelis Propinsi Pennsylvania meuli éta loncéng, loncéngna kalahkah retak nalika ujicoba sarta kudu disusun ulang dua kali nepi ka weuteuh deui.
Iraha waktu anu pasti Liberty Bell bisa retak deui sabenerna taya anu apal. Tuluy aya babaraha carita, salah sahijina, nyaéta di taun 1824, salila pahlawan perang Révolusi Marquis de Lafayette datang. Carita anu lian nyebutkeun yén loncéng retak di ahir taun éta, ku sabab disadakeun pikeun nandakeun aya kahuruan.
Aya deui carita anu séjén, yén loncéng retak nalika pamakaman Hakim Agung John Marshall di taun 1835, tapi laporan surat kabar ngeunaan pamakaman teu nyebutkeun kajadian saperti éta.
Kumaha caritana, anu jelas, loncéng geus retak di taun 1846, nalika Walikota Philadelphia ménta sangkan loncéng disadakeun pas milangkalana George Washington. Sanajan geus dilakkeun babaraha usaha pikeun ngoméan karetakan éta, tapi tungtungna mah teu bisa. Saenggeus dipindahkeun ka paviliun di deukeut Independence Hall di taun 1976 (nalika miéling dua abad kamerdikaan), di taun 2003, Liberty Bell dipindahkeun ka Liberty Bell Center di Independence National Historic Park. Nepi ka kiwari, éta retakan masih kénéh bisa ditempo.
Warisan
Salian ti réplika anu aya di Independence National Historical Park, réplika awal Liberty Bell ogé nyaéta Justice Bell atawa Women's Liberty Bell, dititah pikeun dijieun di taun 1915 ku suffragist pikeun ngadvokasi hak pilih wanoja. Loncéng ieu miboga légénda anu sarua jeung Liberty Bell, kalawan dua kecap tambahan dina loncéng, nyaéta "negakkeun kaadilan", kecap anu dicokot tina Bubuka Konstitusi Amérika Sarikat. Ieu loncéng teu bisa disada, anu ngalambangkeun henteu mampuhna wanoja pikeun nepikeun aspirasina, teu boga hak sora, sarta teu boga partisipasi dina kagiatan politik. Saenggeus Amandemén Kasalapan Welas (méré wanoja hak sora), Justice Bell dibawa ka hareupeun independence Hall di tanggal 26 Agustus 1920. Éta loncéng aya di Independence Hall salila babaraha bulan saacan pajabat kota maréntahkeun pikeun dipindahkeun ka Kapel Memorial Washington di Valley Forge, nepi ka kiwari.
Minangka bagian ti drive Liberty Bell Savings Bonds di taun 1950, 55 réplika Liberty Bell (48 réplika dijieun pikeun séwang-séwang nagara bagian, Distrik Columbia, sarta Hawaii) dipesen ku Departemén Kauangan Amérika Sarikat ti Prancis ku Fonderie Paccard. Loncéng bakal dipidangkeun dina kasempetan patriotik. Kiwari, loba loncéng-loncéng anu disimpen di gedong-gedong DPR nagara bagian. Tapi, loncéng Texas aya di Gedung Akademik kampus Universitas A&M Texas di Stasion College. Loncéng Texas disimpen di universitas minangka pangajén ku sabab layanan lulusan sakola. Walt Disney World miboga réplika Liberty Bell anu aya di Liberty Square di Magic Kingdom.
Liberty Bell aya dina koin di taun 1926 pikeun miéling 150 taun kamerdékaan Amérika Sarikat. Ogé dina raraga miéling 150 taun Déklarasi Kamerdékaan Amérika Sarikat di taun 1926, Kantor Pos AS ngaluarkeun cap peringatan anu ngagambarkeun Liberty Bell pikeun Paméran Sesquicentennial di Philadelphia di taun 1926, sanajan ieu cap bener-bener ngagambarkeun loncéng réplika anu diadegkeun di di pintu asup ka tempat paméran. Liberty Bell dipilih jadi téma désain prangko ku sabab ngawakilan kamerdékaan bangsa. Ti saprak harita, Liberty Bell aya di babaraha prangko Amérika Sarikat séjénna,
Tingali ogé
Loncéng
Lumban Pinasa Saroba, Habinsaran, Toba Samosir
Lumban Pinasa Saroba nyaéta salah sahiji Désa di kacamatan Habinsaran, Kabupatén Toba Samosir, Propinsi Sumatra Kalér, Indonésia.
Latifa
Latifa Bint Alaya El Arfaoui leuwih dipikawanoh salaku Latifa (لطيفة بنت عليه العرفاوي; ) nyaéta saurang penyanyi jeung aktris Tunisia.
(415711) 1998 WT7
Ari 1998 WT7 mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Amor, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.110, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 19.0. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO 339286.
Bebentukan
Kawas sakumna astéroid, ieu astéroid kabentuk tina nébula panonpoé primordial minangka beubeulahan planétisimal, objék di nébula marcapada ngora nu teu cukup badag pikeun robah jadi planét.
Basa Abai
Basa Abai nyaéta basa wewengkon anu aya di Indonésia. Panyaturna aya di 1 propinsi nyaéta propinsi Kalimantan Kalér, nu dumuk di 1 kabupaten/kota.
Dayah Tanoh Kunyet, Padang Tiji, Pidie
Dayah Tanoh Kunyet nyaéta salah sahiji Gampong di kacamatan Padang Tiji, Kabupatén Pidie, Propinsi Acéh, Indonésia.
Dayah Tanoh Kunyet, Padang Tiji, Pidie
Kertamukti, Cibitung, Bekasi
Kertamukti nyaéta salah sahiji désa di kacamatan Cibitung, Kabupatén Bekasi, Propinsi Jawa Barat, Indonésia.
Cangkoréh
Sebaran géograpis: ti Kapuloan Andaman jeung Nikobar, Thailand kidul, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, nepi ka Kapuloan Sunda Leutik.
Mangpaat: bahan pikeun nyieun bongsang keur ngawadahan batu ti walungan, hastakarya. Dipaké pikeun ubar tradisiona; cai tina bukuna pikeun natambaan konjungtivitis jeung anti-inflammatori.
Way Sindi, Karya Penggawa, Pesisir Kulon
Way Sindi nyaéta salah sahiji Désa di kacamatan Karya Penggawa, Kabupatén Pesisir Kulon, Propinsi Sumatra Kalér, Indonésia.
Cangkoréh
Bentuk hirup jeung asal-usul: awi ngarambat, tutuwuhan pituin.
Stasion Haurgeulis
Stasion Haurgeulis (HGL) nyaéta stasion karéta api kelas I anu perenahna di Haurgeulis, Haurgeulis, Indramayu. Stasion anu aya dina tingkat kaluhuran +23 m ieu kaasup ka Daérah Operasi III Cirebon. Stasion ieu miboga opat jalur kalawan jalur 2 jeung 3 minangka jalur lurus.
Stasion ieu mangrupa stasion pangkulonna di Kabupatén Indramayu sarta jadi stasion anu penting di Indramayu Kulon, ku lantaran loba karéta api kelas ékonomi anu eureun di Haurgeulis. Kiwari stasion ieu geus maké kanopi di aréa émplasemén ti mimiti taun 2016.
Kelas bisnis
Sawunggalih Tambahan, jurusan Jakarta (jadwal isuk-isuk; kadang ditambahan kelas éksekutip)
Atualuo, Ma'u, Nias
Atualuo nyaéta salah sahiji Désa di kacamatan Ma'u, Kabupatén Nias, Propinsi Sumatra Kalér, Indonésia.
Stasion Haurgeulis
Jadwal karéta api
Ieu jadwal karéta api panumpang anu eureun di Stasion Haurgeulis per 1 Méi 2019 (révisi Gapeka 2017).
1001
Taun ka-1001 Maséhi dina Kalénder Grégorian.
Stasion Haurgeulis
Insidén
Di tanggal 10 Nopémber 2010 kira-kira jam 11 beurang, mangratus-ratus panumpang KA Bengawan jurusan Tanah Abang - Solo pp ngamuk kalawan meupeuskeun kaca wangunan sarta ngaruksak barang-barang di kantor stasion sabada keuheul ngadagoan 4 jam leuwih, eureun di Stasion Haurgeulis, lantaran anjlogna KA Cirebon Éksprés di Stasion Telagasari.
Tingali ogé
Karéta api
Tumbu kaluar
Situs Resmi PT Kereta Api Indonesia
Aek Ulok, Habinsaran, Toba Samosir
Aek Ulok nyaéta salah sahiji Désa di kacamatan Habinsaran, Kabupatén Toba Samosir, Propinsi Sumatra Kalér, Indonésia.
Kuta Tinggi, Blang Pidie, Aceh Barat Daya
Kuta Tinggi nyaéta salah sahiji Gampong di kacamatan Blang Pidie, Kabupatén Aceh Barat Daya, Propinsi Acéh, Indonésia.
Gedang, Sungai Penuh, Sungai Penuh
Gedang nyaéta salah sahiji désa di kacamatan Sungai Penuh, Kota Sungai Penuh, Propinsi Jambi, Indonésia.
(100004) 1983 VA
Ari (100004) 1983 VA mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Apollo, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.699, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 16.4. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO�296798.
Bebentukan
Kawas sakumna astéroid, ieu astéroid kabentuk tina nébula panonpoé primordial minangka beubeulahan planétisimal, objék di nébula marcapada ngora nu teu cukup badag pikeun robah jadi planét.
Alap-alap kawah
Alap-alap kawah (Falco peregrinus) atawa Peregrine Falcon(elang) nyaéta manuk pamangsa anu asalna tina kulawarga Falconidae. Kagolongkeun kana spésiés manuk alap-alap anu pangawakanna kawilang gedé, panjang awakna  50 cm. Ieu manuk mibanda bulu  kelir na hideung, kulawu jeung biru, pamatukna konéng tungtungna hideung méncos. Buntutna pondok, pamatukna gedé tur seseg. Harigu jeung beuteung kelirna bodas tur guguratan hideung. Anu bikangna sarupa, pédah pangawakanna tur pamatukna leuwih gedé tibatan jaluna.
Habitatna
Tempat hirup jeung baranahan alap-alap kawah ngalimpudan wewengkon daratan ti mimiti tundra nepika daérah tropis. Alap-alap kawah bisa katempo hirup ampir di sakuliah dunya, kajaba daérah kutub anu kaayaanna ekstrim, gunung anu jangkung pisan, jeung sabagian gedé  hutan hujan tropis. Ngajadikeun ieu manuk jadi hiji manuk prédator anu pang legana wewengkonhirupna didunya. . Alap-alap kawah mangrupi conto manuk anu bisa hirup di kota-kota. Manuk ieu ngamangpaatkeun gedong-gedong jangkung salaku tempat nyayang sareng seueur moro mangsa sapertos japati sareng hayam. Manuk ieu boga kabiasaan sok ngayakeun pindah tempat migrasi, ku kituna dina basa Inggris jeung ngaran ilmiahna dingaranan "elang pengembara". Para ahli niténan aya kana 17 nepika 19 subspésiés anu dibédakeun tina pangawakan jeung kabiasaan hirup : Patali aya béda pamadegan ngeunaan naha heulang Elang Barbary diwakilan ku   subspesies Falco peregrinus, atawa mangrupi spésiés anu misah, F. pelegrinoides. Anu ka dua ngeunaan spésiés ieu alatan anyar kénéh, taya lian dina panungtungan  jaman  es, kitu deui  alatan duanana mibanda genetik anu béda   sumawona dina pangawakan ogé béda, katempo leuwih leutik. Kurang leuwih 0,6-0,8% anu dibédakeun sacara genetik.
Alap-alap kawah moro manuk laleutik saperti : japati, jalak, hayam, jeung sajabana. Ilaharna diala keur hiber sok disamber ku manuk alap-alap, sagigireun éta moro sato laleutik, aya : ucing, kalong, kadal, gegeremet, lauk, jeung sajabana.
Alap-alap kawah katelah salaku salah sahiji mahluk panggancangna hiber di dunya. Nalika ngalayang ngundag mangsana, manuk ieu tiasa ngahontal 320 km/jam dina gancangna hiber. Malah dina 2018, kacatet ampir ngahontal 390 km/jam (242 mph) di Universitas Groningen Walanda jeung Universitas Oxford ngagunakeun simulasi komputer 3D
Ciri mandiri
Alap-alap kawah atawa alap-alap peregrine mibanda panjang awak kirang langkung 34 dugika 58 cm kalayan panjang jangjangna antara 74 dugika 120 ti tungtung pamatuk dugi ka tungtung buntutna. Jalu jeung bikang mibanda tanda jeung bulu anu sarua duanana, tapi sarua saperti kalolobaan manuk prédator séjéna, alap-alap kawah bikangna mibanda pangawakan anu leuwih gedé tibatan jaluna nepi ka 30%. Beurat jaluna 330 nepika 1.000 g ari  bikangna  anu pangawakanna leuwih gedé beuratna 700 nepi ka  1.500 g. Dina palebah tukang jeung Jang-jang  manuk anu geus déwasa ilahar kelirna hideung semu biru  kalawan watesna anu teu pati jelas  kitu ogé tungtung jang-jangkungna kelirna hideung. Palebah handap kelir buluna bodas kotor paselang ipis jeung kelir coklat nepika hideung. Buntutna, kelirna sarua jeung anu aya dina tonggongna aya gurat panjang, pondok, kalawan bulenek tungtungna hideung. Palebah luhureun huluna kawas kumisan palebah pipi kelirna hideung, atra pisan jeung palebah beuheung nepika tikorona bodas. Puhu pamatuk kelirna konéng, kitu deui cékérna, tungtung pamatuk jeung kuku cékér kelirna hideung. Pamatuk anu luhurna ngeluk palebah tungtungna, ngajadikeun  alap-alap kawah atau peregrine falcon bisa meruhkeun musuhna kalawan gampang malahan motong keun tulang tonggong mangsana. .
jmpl|kiri|250px|Subspesies F.p. ernesti di [[Gunung Mahawu|Gn. Mahawu]] Ras endemik (non-migran) elang peregrine F.p. ernesti, kapanggih hirup di gunung-gunung anu aya di Sumatra kaler jeung kulon, Kalimantan kalér, Jawa, Bali, Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi, Ambon, Ternate, Papua sarta sababaraha pulo di sabudeureunna.
japonensis Gmelin, 1788 – Siberia jeung Jepang.
Tempat jeung kabiasaan hirup
Alap-alap kawah kalolobaan hirupna di pigunungan, landeuh, wahangan, basisir, loba ogé di kota-kota. Di daérah anu usum tiis na henteu nataku, ilaharna ieu manuk nyieun sayang anu maneuh/permanén, sarta anu jaluna bakal aya di éta wewengkon dina waktu anu lila.
Habitat hirupna rupa-rupa, ti mimiti daérah nembrak, lahan kebon jeung lingkungan kota nepika tonggoheun 2000 m. Remen ka tempo ngéplékkeun jang-jang statis atawa cicing di luhur (Hovers), hiber laun milu keun gedéna gelebug angin. Hiber gancang Pisa bari muter di tempatanu luhur arta nyirorot gancang nsker mangsa nyerek buruan a.
Alap-alap kawah bisa hiber leuwij gancang tibatan manuk séjén utamana mangsa nyirorot ka handap, gancangna bisa nepika 320 km / jam. Tekenan hawa anu dihasilkeun mangsa nyirorot gancang, bisa waé ngabalukarkeun karuksakan kana bayah tapi tuberkel dina liang irungna sacara téori bisa malidkeun tekenan hawa anu gedé ieu henteu nepi asup kana irungna anu ngabantu ogémanuk ieu tetep bisa ngarénghap kalawan lalu asa. pikeun Nyalindung panonna mangsa keur hiber, ieu manuk mibanda lamad/selaput anu disebut nictitating atawa (kelopak mata ketiga) pikeun ngarasakeun cai mata tur meresihan kokotorna. Hiji panalungtikan anu ngalibatkeun fisika penerbangan ngaguar kacindekan cenah sacara téori ieu manuk bisa hiber 400 km / jam (250 mph) mangsa hiber di handap,sarta 625 km / jam (388 mph) mangsa hiber di handap. Dina taun 2005, Ken Franklin nyatet aya manuk ieu anu nabrak kacida gancangns, taya lian 389 km / jam (242 mph).
Umur hirup alap-alap kawah di alam liar bisa nepika 19 taun 9 bulan. Mortalitas dina taun ka hiji 59-70%, turun deui 25-32% unggal taun na. Terlepas dari ancaman antropogenik seperti tabrakan dengan benda buatan manusia, alap-alap kawah dapat dibunuh oleh elang lainnya atau burung hantu yang lebih besar.
Baranahan
jmpl|Falco peregrinus madens Alap-alap kawah déwasa, mimiti begér nincak umurna geus tilu taun. Sajodo manuk ieu bakal mulang deui ka sayang anu sarua dina unggal usum anakan, mangsa keur begér alap-alap jaluna bakal mang néang keun mangsa keur pasangannya. Usum kawin ieu manuk leuwih galak sarta embung ka ganggu mibanda sifat teritorial, unggal pasangan ilaharna nyayang dina jarak leuwih ti 1 km jeung sayang alap-alap anu séjén ku kituna teu pati ngaganggu kana jumlah kabutuhan mangsa boroan pikeu anak-anakna. Unggsl pasangan mi and aleuwih ti sababara sayang, anu bisa dipaké dina waktu  16 tahun. Usum baranahanna  Februari nepi ka  Maret di wewengkon kalér,  Juli nepika  Agustus di wewengkon Bumi kidul, sok sanajan subspesies makropus Australia bisa baranahan nepika akhir November, kitu deui  dina  bulan Juni jeung Desember kalawan bisa endogan 1 nepika  5 siki. Kelir endogna bodas kalawan mibanda tanda beureum atawa coklat, di sarileungleuman ku  kurang leuwih  29 nepika  33 poé beurang peuting piliganti jalu jeung bikangna. Sabadana megat, indungna hiber nyiar hakaneun kaluar ti sayangna jauhna bisa 19 nepika 24 km. Ti saprak megar, anak alap-alap peregrine gumantung pisan ka indungna sahenteuna nepika dua bulan.
Kiwari ieu alap-alap kawah mimiti di kawin silang keun jeung gyrfalcon.
Penampaan, Deleng Pokhkisen, Aceh Tenggara
Penampaan nyaéta salah sahiji Gampong di kacamatan Deleng Pokhkisen, Kabupatén Aceh Tenggara, Propinsi Acéh, Indonésia.
Alap-alap kawah
Konservasi
Spesies ieu ngagaduhan daerah sebaran anu lega. Sababaraha subspesies dina kaayaan pitumoureun ku alatan leungit habitatna, panggunaan pestisida sareng kontaminasi. Ku IUCN Red List alap-alap kawah dilebetkeun dina status teu pati gedé risiko pi tumpureunna  kalawan digolongkeun kana CITES Appendix I.
Kalisapu, Cirebon Utara, Cirebon
Kalisapu nyaéta salah sahiji désa di kacamatan Cirebon Utara, Kabupatén Cirebon, Propinsi Jawa Barat, Indonésia.
Cindy Yuvia
Cindy Yuvia atanapi disebat Cinvia atanapi Yupi (ogé katelah Yupi JKT48) (salami anggota JKT48) nyaéta salah sahiji penyanyi Indonesia sareng urut anggota grup idola JKT48 anu asalna ti Jakarta. Cindy Yuvia (Yuvia) mangrupikeun anggota generasi kadua JKT48, anu akhirna janten anggota Tim KIII dina tanggal 25 Juni 2013 sareng dialihkeun ka Tim J dina 1 Juli 2018.
2005 UU6
Ari 2005 UU6 mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Amor, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.502, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 22.9. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO90334.
Bebentukan
Kawas sakumna astéroid, ieu astéroid kabentuk tina nébula panonpoé primordial minangka beubeulahan planétisimal, objék di nébula marcapada ngora nu teu cukup badag pikeun robah jadi planét.
2015 FX284
Ari 2015 FX284 mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Amor, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.172, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 24.3. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO 369259.
Bebentukan
Kawas sakumna astéroid, ieu astéroid kabentuk tina nébula panonpoé primordial minangka beubeulahan planétisimal, objék di nébula marcapada ngora nu teu cukup badag pikeun robah jadi planét.
Budak Minggat
Budak Minggat téh novel karya Samsudi, citakan nu kahiji diterbitkeun ku Balai Pustaka, Jakarta, teu kanyahoan taun terbitna. Citakan kaduana diterbitkeun ku CV Pusaka Sunda gawé bareng jeung Balai Pustaka, taun 1965, didua jilidkeun masing-masing 70 kaca jilid I jeung 75 kaca jilid II, ukurana 17 cm x 12 cm. Ieu novel téh nembrakkeun ajen-inajen atikan, upamana kajujuran, kapengkuhan haté, jeung kasatiaan. Lian ti eta, digambarkeun ogé ajén-inajén sosial nu nyampak dina kahirupan masrakat kuli kontrak di perkebunan jaman penjajahan Walanda. .
Tokoh utama ieu novel téh nyaéta Si Kampeng, ku pangarang digambarkeun sahinasna henteu dijieun-jieun, nepi ka gambaran pribadina katembong tembres, boh ku kajujuranana, boh ku kabadeuran jeung kabedegonganana. Kampeng téh budak umur welasan taun, sabada tamat sakola cicing jeung bapa terena anu galak,lantaran mindeng dicarekan jeung dikakalakeun, Si Kampeng ngalawan, nepi ka dina hiji mangsa mah kalepasan neunggeul bapa téréna téa nepi ka kapiuhan. Ku bakating reuwas jeung sieun, antukna Kampeng minggat ti imahna, kakaburan nepi ka ahirna katipu, dijual jadi jadi kuli kontrak di Sumatra, Deli, Bengkalis, Padang jeung sajabana.
Lantaran getén jeung suhud digawé, ahirna Kampeng jadi tukang kai jeung tukang témbok anu parigel. Hiji mangsa, ku kawani jeung kaludeungna, Kampeng nulungan Cina anu rek dikerekeb ku maung. Rupa-rupa cocoba nu katarima ku Kampeng, kalawan tawekal dilakonan, sarta sanggeus bekel cukup pikeun balik ka lembur, Kampeng balik nepungan indungna. saméméh nepi ka lembur, basa rek balanja di pasar, Kampeng papanggih jeung Kim San, urang Cina nu kungsi ditulungan ku manéhna waktu di leuweung Sumatera, atuh Kampeng dibekelan kaén jeung duit ku Kim San minangka pamulang tarima ka manéhna nu geus nulungan. Kampeng balik ka lembur dipapag ku indungna nu geus lawas ngarep-ngarep Kampeng. Ieu novel geus ditarjamahkeun kana basa Indonesia jadi Anak Minggat dina taun 1974.
Penengahan, Karya Penggawa, Pesisir Kulon
Penengahan nyaéta salah sahiji Désa di kacamatan Karya Penggawa, Kabupatén Pesisir Kulon, Propinsi Sumatra Kalér, Indonésia.
2010 PY22
Ari 2010 PY22 mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Amor, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.527, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 19.1. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO 307017.
Bebentukan
Kawas sakumna astéroid, ieu astéroid kabentuk tina nébula panonpoé primordial minangka beubeulahan planétisimal, objék di nébula marcapada ngora nu teu cukup badag pikeun robah jadi planét.
Mata Ie, Blang Pidie, Aceh Barat Daya
Mata Ie nyaéta salah sahiji Gampong di kacamatan Blang Pidie, Kabupatén Aceh Barat Daya, Propinsi Acéh, Indonésia.
2016 RP41
Ari 2016 RP41 mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Amor, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.323, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 22.4. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO 392510.
2010 KP10
Ari 2010 KP10 mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Apollo, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.166, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 23.4. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO�382686.
2016 RP41
Bebentukan
Kawas sakumna astéroid, ieu astéroid kabentuk tina nébula panonpoé primordial minangka beubeulahan planétisimal, objék di nébula marcapada ngora nu teu cukup badag pikeun robah jadi planét.
2010 KP10
Bebentukan
Kawas sakumna astéroid, ieu astéroid kabentuk tina nébula panonpoé primordial minangka beubeulahan planétisimal, objék di nébula marcapada ngora nu teu cukup badag pikeun robah jadi planét.
Kambuk Nicah Kunyet, Padang Tiji, Pidie
Kambuk Nicah Kunyet nyaéta salah sahiji Gampong di kacamatan Padang Tiji, Kabupatén Pidie, Propinsi Acéh, Indonésia.
Kambuk Nicah Kunyet, Padang Tiji, Pidie
Lewa Lewa, Ma'u, Nias
Lewa Lewa nyaéta salah sahiji Désa di kacamatan Ma'u, Kabupatén Nias, Propinsi Sumatra Kalér, Indonésia.
Muktiwari, Cibitung, Bekasi
Muktiwari nyaéta salah sahiji désa di kacamatan Cibitung, Kabupatén Bekasi, Propinsi Jawa Barat, Indonésia.
Tengah peuting
Tengah peuting nyaéta wanci alihan ti hiji poé ka poé saterusna – robahna tanggal dina kalénder maséhi. Dina itungan waktu Romawi kuna mah, tengah peuting téh ti antara surup na panonpoé nepi ka meleték na panonpoé, lilana mah varéatif kumaha uusuman. Ari dina itungan waktu jam mah, tengah peuting téh kabalikanna tina tengah poé, babandingan 12 jam.
Panonpoé tengah peuting mangrupa wanci nu lalawanan jeung panopnpoé beurang, nalika panonpoé pangdeukeutna jeung nadir, jeung peutingna téh pajauh boh ka soré boh ka fajar. Alatan bijilna zona wanci, nu nyumebabkeun ayana waktu idéntik di sawatara méridian, jeung deuih wanci tengah poé téh jarang pas jeung jam 12 tengah peuting dina unggal poéna. Panonpoé tengah peuting dumantungkana longitud sarta mangsa taunan tinimbang kana zona wanci.
Di lebahan kalér, istilah "tengah peuting" aya pakuat-pakaitna jeung istilah "kalér" dina géografi kuna (kayaning "beurang" jeung "kidul"- tempo beurang). Polandia modérn jeung Bélarusia ngajaga ieu kakaitan téh jeung kekecapanna pikeun "tengah peuting" (północ, поўнач - dibacana "satengah peuting"), nu hartina gé "kalér".
Terutung Mbelang, Deleng Pokhkisen, Aceh Tenggara
Terutung Mbelang nyaéta salah sahiji Gampong di kacamatan Deleng Pokhkisen, Kabupatén Aceh Tenggara, Propinsi Acéh, Indonésia.
Bandros
Bandros nyaéta salah sahiji kadaharan has nu asalna ti Jawa Kulon. Bandros miboga 2 rasa, aya nu amis jeung aya nu asin. Ieu kadaharan dijieun tina tipung béas, kalapa nu geus diparud, jeung cipati nu diasakan dina citakan.