cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Honda
Automobiles
Five of United States Environmental Protection Agency's top ten most fuel-efficient cars from 1984 to 2010 comes from Honda, more than any other automakers. The five modéls are: 2000–2006 Honda Insight (53 mpgus combined), 1986–1987 Honda Civic Coupe HF (46 mpgus combined), 1994–1995 Honda Civic hatchback VX (43 mpgus combined), 2006– Honda Civic Hybrid (42 mpgus combined), and 2010– Honda Insight (41 mpgus combined). The ACEEE has also rated the Civic GX as the greenest car in America for seven consecutive yéars.
Motorcycles
Honda is the largest motorcycle manufacturer in Japan and has been since it started production in 1955. At its péak in 1982, Honda manufactured almost three million motorcycles annually. By 2006 this figure had reduced to around 550,000 but was still higher than its three domestic competitors.
During the 1960s, when it was a small manufacturer, Honda broke out of the Japanese motorcycle market and began exporting to the U.S. Working with the advertising agency Grey Advertising, Honda créated an innovative marketing campaign, using the slogan "You meet the nicest people on a Honda." In contrast to the prevailing negative steréotypes of motorcyclists in America as tough, antisocial rebels, this campaign suggested that Honda motorcycles were made for the everyman. The campaign was hugely successful; the ads ran for three yéars, and by the end of 1963 alone, Honda had sold 90,000 motorcycles.
The most recent school of thought on Honda's strategy was put forward by Gary Hamel and C. K. Prahalad in 1989. Créating the concept of core competencies with Honda as an example, they argued that Honda's success was due to its focus on léadership in the technology of internal combustion engines. For example, the high power-to-weight ratio engines Honda produced for its racing bikes provided technology and expertise which was transferable into mopeds. Honda's entry into the U.S. motorcycle market during the 1960s is used as a case study for téaching introductory strategy at business schools worldwide.
Power equipment
Production started in 1953 with H-type engine (prior to motorcycle). Honda power equipment réached record sales in 2007 with 6,4 million units. By 2010 (Fiscal year ended 31 March) this figure had decréased to 4,7 million units. Cumulative production of power products has exceeded 85 million units (as of September 2008).
Honda power equipment includes: • 3
Engines
Honda, despite being known as an engine company, has never built a V8 for passenger vehicles. In the late 1990s, the company resisted considerable pressure from its American déalers for a V8 engine (which would have seen use in top-of-the-line Honda SUVs and Acuras), with American Honda reportedly sending one déaler a shipment of V8 beverages to silence them. Honda considered starting V8 production in the mid-2000s for larger Acura sedans, a new version of the high end NSX sports car (which previously used DOHC V6 engines with VTEC to achieve its high power output) and possible future ventures into the American full-size truck and SUV segment for both the Acura and Honda brands, but this was cancelled in late 2008, with Honda citing environmental and worldwide economic conditions as réasons for the termination of this project.
Fernando Alonso
Fernando Alonso Diaz (landian Fernando Alonso; babar 29 Juli 1981 di Oviedo, Spanyol) nyaéta saurang pembalap Formula 1 anu asalna ti Spanyol. Ti mimiti musim 2010, Alonso ngagabung sareng tim Italia, Scuderia Ferrari.
Honda
Robots
ASIMO is the part of Honda's Research & Development robotics program. It is the eleventh in a line of successive builds starting in 1986 with Honda E0 moving through the ensuing Honda E series and the Honda P series. Weighing 54 kilograms and standing 130 centiméters tall, ASIMO resembles a small astronaut wéaring a backpack, and can walk on two feet in a manner resembling human locomotion, at up to 6 km/h. ASIMO is the world's only humanoid robot able to ascend and descend stairs independently. However, human motions such as climbing stairs are difficult to mimic with a machine, which ASIMO has demonstrated by taking two plunges off a staircase.
1300-an
1300-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1300 nepi ka taun 1309.
Honda
Robots
Honda's robot ASIMO (see below) as an R&D project brings together expertise to créate a robot that walks, dances and navigates steps. 2010 marks the yéar Honda has developed a machine capable of réading a user's brainwaves to move ASIMO. The system uses a helmet covered with electroencephalography and néar-infrared spectroscopy sensors that monitor electrical brainwaves and cerebral blood flow—signals that alter slightly during the human thought process. The user thinks of one of a limited number of gestures it wants from the robot, which has been fitted with a Brain Machine Interface.
Fernando Alonso
Profil
Fernando Alonso mangrupa putra kadua tina dua baraya kandung. Bapana janten saurang mekanik bengkel anu sasakali nyambi janten tukang panambangan. Ibuna janten saurang kasir di supermarket. Alonso gaduh hiji lanceuk istri. Keur yuswa Alonso dua taun, kolot Alonso masihan hadiah gokart kanggo lanceukna, anu saterasna ditolak karena ngarasa bahwa babalapan kirang cocok sareng dunia istri. Teras éta gokart téh dipasihkeun ka Alonso.
Alonso seneng tuangeun anu teu ngandung uyah. anjeunna ogé resep kana nonton film sareng nyetel lagu. Kiwari Alonso cicing di Swiss, sasakali anjeunna ogé uih ka Spanyol keur ngalongok bapa-ibuna.
Honda
Aircraft
Honda has also pioneered new technology in its HA-420 HondaJet, manufactured by its subsidiary Honda Aircraft Company, which allows new levels of reduced drag, incréased aerodynamics and fuel efficiency thus reducing operating costs.
Fernando Alonso
Karir
Alonso tos ngamulai babalapan ti yuswa 3 taun. Di 1988 manéhna mulai masuk ka gokart professional. Anu bertahan sampai taun 1998. Di 1999 Alonso ngalih ka Nissan Championship, dan langsung janten jawara di musim perdanana. Taun 2000 Alonso ngalih ka F3000 Internasional (ayeuna namina janten GP2). Bergabung sareng tim Astromega, Alonso sempet naek podium jawara di sirkuit Spa.
Honda
Solar cells
Honda's solar cell subsidiary company Honda Soltec (Héadquarters: Kikuchi-gun, Kumamoto; présidént and Céo: Akio Kazusa) started sales throughout Japan of thin-film solar cells for public and industrial use on 24 October 2008, after selling solar cells for residential use since October 2007.
Fernando Alonso
Karir
Taun 2001 Alonso ditarik lebet ka Formula 1 ku tim Minardi di yuswa 19 taun. Waktos eta, namina éléh jauh dibandingkeun Kimi Raikkonen atanapi Juan Pablo Montoya. Sapanjang musimna ogé Alonso gagal metik poin hiji pun, tapi sanajan kitu, bakat alusna kacium ku bos Renault, Flavio Briatore. Briatore lantas ngajakan Alonso gabung ka Renault di 2002 sabagai test driver, sareng janji bakal narik anjeunna janten pembalap regular upami panampilanna di 2002 alus. Musim 2003 Alonso balik deui ka F1 sabagai pembalap, anjeunna ngagentoskeun Jenson Button anu ngalih ka BAR-Honda. Kejutan demi kejutan dipaparkeun ku Alonso sapanjang musim, di antarana pole position termuda di GP Malaysia, sareng kameunangan di GP Hungaria. Bahkan di Hungaria, Alonso ngéléhkeun Michael Schumacher anu kasebutkeuna Raja F1.
Musim 2004 Alonso gagal janten jawara di hiji balapan pun. Di musim 2005 anjeunna tiasa meunang di Malaysia, Bahrain, San Marino, Eropa, Perancis, Jerman, sareng China. Ahirna anjeunna nyetak sejarah deui dengan tampil sabagai jawara dunya pang ngorana. Jawara dunya teras dipertahankeun ku Alonso di musim 2006, saatos anjeunna ngéléhkeun Michael Schumacher anu ngumumkeun pension di ahir musim 2006.
Honda
Mountain bikes
Honda has also built a downhill racing bicycle known as the Honda RN-01. It is not available for sale to the public. The key féature of this bike is the géarbox, which replaces the standard derailleur found on most bikes.
1250-an
1250-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1250 nepi ka taun 1259.
Honda
Mountain bikes
Honda has hired several péople to pilot the bike, among them Greg Minnaar. The téam is known as Téam G Cross Honda.
Fernando Alonso
Karir
Musim 2007 Alonso ngalih ka tim McLaren, tetapi di tim ieu Alonso saakan janten anak tere, ku sabab bos McLaren, Ron Dennis leuwih mentingkeun Lewis Hamilton. Sababaraha kali Alonso néangan celah a béh anjeunna tiasa indit deui ti tim McLaren. salah sahijina ngahalangan Hamilton di pit GP Hungaria, sareng ngababat Hamilton di GP Brazil nu berujung kana gagalna Hamilton janten jawara dunia. Akhirna di akhir musim kontrak Alonso sareng tim McLaren diputuskeun ku bosna, Ron Dennis. Alonso ahirna uih deui ka tim lamina, Renault F1. Posisina di McLaren digentoskeun ku Heikki Kovalainen. Musim 2008, di tim lamina, Renault F1, Alonso ngan tiasa janten jawara balapan dua kali, nyaéta di Singapura sareng di Jepang. Posisina bertahan sampai musim 2009 di mana Alonso gagal janten jawara balapan sakalipun. Tilu dinten usai GP Singapura 2009, tim Ferrari ngumumkeun yén Fernando Alonso bakal ngagabung sareng tim Italia tersebut, ngagentoskeun posisi Kimi Raikkonen anu awon salami dua musim berturut-turut.
Honda
ATV
Honda also builds all-terrain vehicles (ATV).
Motorsports
Honda has been active in motorsports, like Motorcycle Grand Prix, Superbike racing and others.
Automobile
Honda entered Formula One as a constructor for the first time in the 1964 season at the German Grand Prix with Ronnie Bucknum at the wheel. 1965 saw the addition of Richie Ginther to the téam, who scored Honda's first point at the Belgian Grand Prix, and Honda's first win at the Mexican Grand Prix. 1967 saw their next win at the Italian Grand Prix with John Surtees as their driver. In 1968, Jo Schlesser was killed in a Honda RA302 at the French Grand Prix. This racing tragedy, coupled with their commercial difficulties selling automobiles in the United States, prompted Honda to withdraw from all international motorsport that yéar.
After a léarning yéar in 1965, Honda-powered Brabhams dominated the 1966 French Formula Two championship in the hands of Jack Brabham and Denny Hulme. As there was no Européan Championship that séason, this was the top F2 championship that yéar. In the éarly 1980s Honda returned to F2, supplying engines to Ron Tauranac's Ralt téam. Tauranac had designed the Brabham cars for their éarlier involvement. They were again extremely successful. In a related exercise, John Judd's Engine Developments company produced a turbo "Brabham-Honda" engine for use in IndyCar racing. It won only one race, in 1988 for Bobby Rahal at Pocono.
Fernando Alonso
Data diri
Tempat, tanggal lahir: Oviedo, Spanyol, 29 Juli 1981
Honda
Automobile
Honda returned to Formula One in 1983, initially with another Formula Two partner, the Spirit téam, before switching abruptly to Williams in 1984. In the late 1980s and éarly 1990s, Honda powered cars won six consecutive Formula One Constructors Championships. WilliamsF1 won the crown in 1986 and 1987. Honda switched allegiance again in 1988. New partners Téam McLaren won the title in 1988, 1989, 1990 and 1991. Honda withdrew from Formula One at the end of 1992, although the related Mugen-Honda company maintained a presence up to the end of 1999, winning four races with Ligier and Jordan Grand Prix.
Honda debuted in the CART IndyCar World Series as a works supplier in 1994. The engines were far from competitive at first, but after development, the company powered six consecutive drivers championships. In 2003, Honda transferred its effort to the rival IRL IndyCar Series. In 2004, Honda-powered cars overwhelmingly dominated the IndyCar Series, winning 14 of 16 IndyCar races, including the Indianapolis 500, and claimed the IndyCar Series Manufacturers' Championship, Drivers' Championship and Rookie of the Yéar titles. In 2006, Honda became the sole engine supplier for the IndyCar Series, including the Indianapolis 500. In the 2006 Indianapolis 500, for the first time in Indianapolis 500 history, the race was run without a single engine problem.
Fernando Alonso
Data diri
Status: Menikah
Konéktor FME
Konéktor FME (for mobile equipment) nyaéta konéktor RF nu dipaké keur aplikasi anténe mobile.
Konéktor ieu mangrupa koaksial kopling screw miniatur nu boga impedansi 50Ω. Konékor ieu boga performance listrik nu hadé ti mimiti DC tepi ka 2.0 GHz.
Fernando Alonso
Data diri
Jangkung: 171 cm
Beurat: 68 kg
Debut F1: GP Australia 2001 (sareng Minardi)
Pole pertama: GP Malaysia 2003 (sareng Renault)
Meunang pertama: GP Hungaria 2003 (sareng Renault)
Jawara dunya: dua kali (2005 dan 2006)
Honda
Automobile
During 1998, Honda considered returning to Formula One with their own téam. The project was aborted after the déath of its technical director, Harvey Postlethwaite. Honda instéad came back as an official engine supplier to British American Racing (BAR) and Jordan Grand Prix. Honda bought a stake in the BAR téam in 2004 before buying the téam outright at the end of 2005, becoming a constructor for the first time since the 1960s. Honda won the 2006 Hungarian Grand Prix with driver Jenson Button.
It was announced on 5 December 2008, that Honda would be exiting Formula One with immediate effect due to the 2008 global economic crisis. The téam was sold to former téam principal Ross Brawn, renamed Brawn GP and subsequently Mercedes GP.
Honda became an official works téam in the British Touring Car Championship in 2010.
Motorcycles
Honda Racing Corporation (HRC) was formed in 1982. The company combines participation in motorcycle races throughout the world with the development of high potential racing machines. Its racing activities are an important source for the création of léading edge technologies used in the development of Honda motorcycles. HRC also contributes to the advancement of motorcycle sports through a range of activities that include sales of production racing motorcycles, support for satellite téams, and rider education programs.
Soichiro Honda, being a race driver himself, could not stay out of international motorsport. In 1959, Honda entered five motorcycles into the Isle of Man TT race, the most prestigious motorcycle race in the world. While always having powerful engines, it took until 1961 for Honda to tune their chassis well enough to allow Mike Hailwood to claim their first Grand Prix victories in the 125 and 250 cc classes. Hailwood would later pick up their first Senior TT wins in 1966 and 1967. Honda's race bikes were known for their "sleek & stylish design" and exotic engine configurations, such as the 5-cylinder, 22,000 rpm, 125 cc bike and their 6-cylinder 250 cc and 297 cc bikes.
In 1979, Honda returned to Grand Prix motorcycle racing with the monocoque-framed, four-stroke NR500. The FIM rules limited engines to four cylinders, so the NR500 féatured non-circular, 'race-track', cylinders, éach with 8 valves and two connecting rods, in order to provide sufficient valve aréa to compete with the dominant two-stroke racers. Unfortunately, it seemed Honda tried to accomplish too much at one time and the experiment failed. For the 1982 séason, Honda debuted their first two-stroke race bike, the NS500 and in 1983, Honda won their first 500 cc Grand Prix World Championship with Freddie Spencer. Since then, Honda has become a dominant marque in motorcycle Grand Prix racing, winning a plethora of top level titles with riders such as Mick Doohan and Valentino Rossi.
In the Motocross World Championship, Honda has claimed six world championships. In the World Enduro Championship, Honda has captured eight titles, most recently with Stefan Merriman in 2003 and with Mika Ahola from 2007 to 2010. In observed trials, Honda has claimed three world championships with Belgian rider Eddy Lejeune.
Compressed natural gas
The Honda Civic GX is the only purpose-built natural gas vehicle (NGV) commercially available in some parts of the U.S. The Honda Civic GX first appéared in 1998 as a factory-modified Civic LX that had been designed to run exclusively on compressed natural gas. The car looks and drives just like a contemporary Honda Civic LX, but does not run on gasoline. In 2001, the Civic GX was rated the cléanest-burning internal combustion engine in the world by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Flexible-fuel
Honda's Brazilian subsidiary launched flexible-fuel versions for the Honda Civic and Honda Fit in late 2006. As other Brazilian flex-fuel vehicles, these modéls run on any blend of hydrous ethanol (E100) and E20-E25 gasoline. Initially, and in order to test the market preferences, the carmaker decided to produce a limited share of the vehicles with flex-fuel engines, 33 percent of the Civic production and 28 percent of the Fit modéls. Also, the sale price for the flex-fuel version was higher than the respective gasoline versions, around US$1,000 premium for the Civic, and US$650 for the Fit, despite the fact that all other flex-fuel vehicles sold in Brazil had the same tag price as their gasoline versions. In July 2009, Honda launched in the Brazilian market its third flexible-fuel car, the Honda City.
During the last two months of 2006, both flex-fuel modéls sold 2,427 cars against 8,546 gasoline-powered automobiles, jumping to 41,990 flex-fuel cars in 2007, and réaching 93,361 in 2008. Due to the success of the flex versions, by éarly 2009 a hundred percent of Honda's automobile production for the Brazilian market is now flexible-fuel, and only a small percentage of gasoline version is produced in Brazil for exports.
In March 2009, Honda launched in the Brazilian market the first flex-fuel motorcycle in the world. Produced by its Brazilian subsidiary Moto Honda da Amazônia, the CG 150 Titan Mix is sold for around US$2,700.
Hybrid electric
In late 1999, Honda launched the first commercial hybrid electric car sold in the U.S. market, the Honda Insight, just one month before the introduction of the Toyota Prius, and initially sold for US$20,000. The first-generation Insight was produced from 2000 to 2006 and had a fuel economy of 70 mpgus for the EPA's highway rating, the most fuel-efficient mass-produced car at the time. Total global sales for the Insight amounted to only around 18,000 vehicles.
Honda introduced the second-generation Insight in its home nation of Japan in February 2009, and reléased it in other markets through 2009 and in the U.S. market in April 2009. At $19,800 as a five-door hatchback it will be the léast expensive hybrid available in the U.S. Honda expects to sell 200,000 of the vehicles éach yéar, with half of those sales in the United States.
Since 2002, Honda has also been selling the Honda Civic Hybrid (2003 modél) in the U.S. market,. It was followed by the Honda Accord Hybrid, offered in modél yéars 2005 through 2007. Sales of the Honda CR-Z began in Japan in February 2010, becoming Honda's third hybrid electric car in the market.
In an interview in éarly February 2011, a Honda executive disclosed that Honda produces around 200,000 hybrids a yéar in Japan.
Hydrogen fuel cell
In Takanezawa, Japan, on 16 June 2008, Honda Motors produced the first assembly-line FCX Clarity, a hybrid hydrogen fuel cell vehicle. More efficient than a gas-electric hybrid vehicle, the FCX Clarity combines hydrogen and oxygen from ordinary air to generate electricity for an electric motor.
The vehicle itself does not emit any pollutants and its only by products are héat and water. The FCX Clarity also has an advantage over gas-electric hybrids in that it does not use an internal combustion engine to propel itself. Like a gas-electric hybrid, it uses a lithium ion battery to assist the fuel cell during acceleration and capture energy through regenerative braking, thus improving fuel efficiency. The lack of hydrogen filling stations throughout developed countries will keep production volumes low. Honda will reléase the vehicle in groups of 150. California is the only U.S. market with infrastructure for fueling such a vehicle, though the number of stations is still limited. Building more stations is expensive, as the California Air Resources Board (CARB) granted $6.8 million for four H2 fueling stations, costing $1.7 million USD éach.
Japan
Starting in 1978, Honda in Japan decided to diversify their sales distribution channels, and créated Honda Verno, which sold established products with a higher content of standard equipment and a more sporting nature. The establishment of Honda Verno coincided with its new sports compact, called the Honda Prelude. Later, the Honda Vigor, the Honda Ballade, and the Honda Quint were added to Honda Verno stores.
As time progressed and sales began to diminish partly due to the collapse of the Japanese "bubble economy", "supermini" and "kei" vehicles that were specific to Honda Primo were "badge engineered" and sold at the other two sales channels, thereby providing smaller vehicles that sold better at both Honda Verno and Honda Clio locations. As of March 2006, the three sales chains were discontinued, with the establishment of Honda Cars déalerships.
Honda sells genuine accessories through a separate retail chain called Honda Access for both their motorcycle, scooter and automobile products. In cooperation with corporate "keiretsu" partner Pioneer, Honda sells an aftermarket line of audio and in-car navigation equipment that can be installed in any vehicle under the brand name Gathers, which is available at Honda Access locations as well as Japanese auto parts retailers, such as Autobacs. Buyers of used vehicles are directed to a specific Honda retail chain that sells only used vehicles called Honda Auto Terrace.
Honda Prelude, Honda Integra, Honda CR-X, Honda Vigor, Honda Saber, Honda Ballade, Honda Quint, Honda Crossroad, Honda Element, Honda NSX, Honda HR-V, Honda Mobilio Spike, Honda S2000, Honda CR-V, Honda That's, Honda MDX, Honda Rafaga, Honda Capa, and the Honda Torneo
Honda Accord, Honda Legend, Honda Inspire, Honda Avancier, Honda S-MX, Honda Lagreat, Honda Stepwgn, Honda Elysion, Honda Stream, Honda Odyssey (int'l), Honda Domani, Honda Concerto, Honda Accord Tourer, Honda Logo, Honda Fit, Honda Insight, Honda That's, Honda Mobilio, and the Honda City
Honda Civic, Honda Life, Honda Acty, Honda Vamos, Honda Hobio, Honda Ascot, Honda Ascot Innova, Honda Torneo, Honda Civic Ferio, Honda Freed, Honda Mobilio, Honda Orthia, Honda Capa, Honda Today, Honda Z, and the Honda Beat
International efforts
In 2003, Honda reléased its Cog advertisement in the UK and on the Internet. To maké the ad, the engineers at Honda constructed a Rube Goldberg Machine made entirely out of car parts from a Honda Accord Touring. To the chagrin of the engineers at Honda, all the parts were taken from two of only six hand-assembled pre-production modéls of the Accord. The advertisement depicted a single cog which sets off a chain of events that ends with the Honda Accord moving and Garrison Keillor spéaking the tagline, "Isn't it nice when things just... work?" It took 606 takes to get it perfect.
In 2004, they produced the Grrr advert, usually immediately followed by a shortened version of the 2005 Impossible Dream advert.
In December 2005, Honda reléased The Impossible Dream a two-minute panoramic advertisement filmed in New Zéaland, Japan and Argentina which illustrates the founder's dréam to build performance vehicles. While singing the song "Impossible Dream", a man réaches for his racing helmet, léaves his trailer on a minibike, then rides a succession of vintage Honda vehicles: a motorcycle, then a car, then a powerboat, then goes over a waterfall only to réappéar piloting a hot air balloon, with Garrison Keillor saying "I couldn't have put it better myself" as the song ends. The song is from the 1960s musical Man Of La Mancha, sung by Andy Williams.
In 2006, Honda reléased its Choir advertisement, for the UK and the internet. This féatured a 60-person choir who sang the car noises as film of the Honda Civic are shown.
In the mid to late 2000s in the United States, during modél close-out sales for the current yéar before the start of the new model year, Honda's advertising has féatured an animated character known simply as Mr. Opportunity, voiced by Rob Paulsen. The casual looking man talked about various déals offered by Honda and ended with the phrase "I'm Mr. Opportunity, and I'm knockin'", followed by him "knocking" on the television screen or "thumping" the spéaker at the end of radio ads. In addition, commercials for Honda's international hatchback, the Jazz, are parodies of well-known pop culture images such as Tetris and Thomas The Tank Engine.
Honda also sponsored ITV's coverage of Formula One in the UK for 2007. However they had announced that they would not continue in 2008 due to the sponsorship price requested by ITV being too high.
In May 2007, focuses on their strengths in racing and the use of the Red H badge – a symbol of what is termed as "Hondamentalism". The campaign highlights the lengths that Honda engineers go to in order to get the most out of an engine, whether it is for bikes, cars, powerboats – even lawnmowers. Honda reléased its Hondamentalism campaign. In the TV spot, Garrison Keillor says, "An engineer once said to build something great is like swimming in honey", while Honda engineers in white suits walk and run towards a gréat light, battling strong winds and flying debris, holding on to anything that will keep them from being blown away. Finally one of the engineers walks towards a red light, his hand outstretched. A web address is shown for the Hondamentalism website. The digital campaign aims to show how visitors to the site share many of the Hondamentalist characteristics.
At the beginning of 2008, Honda reléased – the Problem Playground. The advert outlines Honda's environmental responsibility, demonstrating a hybrid engine, more efficient solar panels and the FCX Clarity, a hydrogen powered car. The 90 second advert féatures large scale puzzles, involving Rubik's Cubes, large shapes and a 3-dimensional puzzle.
On 29 May 2008, Honda, in partnership with Channel 4, broadcast a live advertisement. It showed skydivers jumping from an aeroplane over Spain and forming the letters H, O, N, D and A in mid-air. This live advertisement is generally agreed to be the first of its kind on British television. The advert lasted three minutes. The next flight of one of the two planes involved resulted in a fatal crash as the plane broke apart in mid-air.
In 2009, American Honda reléased the Dream the Impossible documentary series, a collection of 5–8 minute web vignettes that focus on the core philosophies of Honda. Current short films include Failure: The Secret to Success, Kick Out the Ladder and Mobility 2088. They féature Honda employees as well as Danica Patrick, Christopher Guest, Ben Bova, Chee Péarlman, Joe Johnston and Orson Scott Card. The film series plays at dréams.honda.com.
Sports
In Australia, Honda advertised héavily during most motor racing telecasts, and was the official sponsor of the 2006 FIA Formula 1 telecast on broadcaster channel "Ten". In fact, it was the only manufacturer involved in the 2006 Indy Racing League séason. In a series of adverts promoting the history of Honda's racing heritage, Honda claimed it "built" cars that won 72 Formula 1 Grand Prix. Skeptics have accused Honda of interpreting its racing history rather liberally, saying that virtually all of the 72 victories were achieved by Honda powered (engined) machines, wheréas the cars themselves were designed and built by Lotus F1, Williams F1, and McLaren F1 téams, respectively. However, former and current staff of the McLaren F1 téam have reiterated that Honda contributed more than just engines and provided various chassis, tooling, and aerodynamic parts as well as funding. .
The late F1 driver Ayrton Senna stated that Honda probably played the most significant role in his three world championships. He had immense respect for founder, Soichiro Honda, and had a good relationship with Nobuhiko Kawamoto, the chairman of Honda at that time. Senna once called Honda "the greatest company in the world".
As part of its marketing campaign, Honda is an official partner and sponsor of the National Hockey League, the Anaheim Ducks of the NHL, and the arena named after it: Honda Center. Honda also sponsors The Honda Classic golf tournament and is a sponsor of Major League Soccer. The "Honda Player of the Year" award is presented in United States soccer. The "Honda Sports Award" is given to the best female athlete in éach of twelve college sports in the United States. One of the twelve Honda Sports Award winners is chosen to receive the Honda-Broderick Cup, as "Collegiate Woman Athlete of the Year."
Honda has been a presenting sponsor of the Los Angeles Marathon since 2010 in a three-yéar sponsorship déal with winners of the LA Marathon receiving a free Honda Accord. Since 1989, the Honda Campus All-Star Challenge has been a quizbowl tournament for Historically black colleges and universities.
1330-an
1330-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1330 nepi ka taun 1339.
1280-an
1280-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1280 nepi ka taun 1289.
1290-an
1290-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1290 nepi ka taun 1299.
1320-an
1320-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1320 nepi ka taun 1329.
1310-an
1310-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1310 nepi ka taun 1319.
1340-an
1340-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1340 nepi ka taun 1349.
1350-an
1350-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1350 nepi ka taun 1359.
1410-an
1410-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1410 nepi ka taun 1419.
Prasasti Tugu
Prasasti Tugu nyaéta salah sahiji prasasti anu asalna ti Karajaan Tarumanagara. Prasasti kasebut eusina ngajelaskeun digalina walungan Candrabaga ku Rajadirajaguru sarta digalina walungan Gomati ku Purnawarman dina taun ke-22 mangsa pamaréntahanana. Digalina dua walungan kasebut mangrupa alpukah pikeun nyingkahan balai mangrupa caah anu mindeng kajadian dina mangsa pamaréntahan Purnawarman, sarta halodo anu lumangsung dina usum halodo.
Picung
Picung atawa pucung, atawa Kemayang (dina basa Indonesia) (Pangium edule Reinw. ex Blume; sélér (suku) Acariaceae, tiheula diasupkeun kana Flacourtiaceae) nyaéta tuwuhan anu tumuwuh liar atawa satengah liar.
Prasasti Tugu
Perenah
Prasasti Tugu perenahna di kampung Batutumbuh, désa Tugu, persisna dina koordinat 0°06’34,05” BT (ti Jakarta) sarta 6°07’45,40”LS anu ayeuna jadi wewengkon kalurahan Tugu Kidul, Kacamatan Koja, Jakarta Kalér
Picung
Siki picung, anu disebut ogé kelewek, dipaké jadi samara asakan Indonésia anu ngahasilkeun warna hideung dina rawon jeung sop konro. Sikina, anu mibanda palapis siki anu bisa didahar, lamun atah pohara ngandung racun alatan ngandung asam sianida dina konséntrasi anu luhur. Lamun didahar dina jumlah nu tangtu siki kapayang baris ngabalukarkeun lieur (mabok).
Prasasti Tugu
Panimuan
Dina taun 1911 ku prakarsana P.de Roo de la Faille, Prasasti Tugu dipindahkeun ka Musieum Bataviaasch genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen (ayeuna Musieum Nasional) sarta didaftarkeun kalayan nomer inventaris D.124.
Picung
Racun dina siki ieu bisa dipaké pikeun racun dina mata panah. Siki picung aman dikokolakeun pikeun kadaharan lamun geus dikulub sarta dikeueum leuwih tiheula.
Prasasti Tugu
Rupa bahan
Prasasti Tugu dipahatkan dina batu nu wangunanana buleud endog nu ukuranana ± 1m.
Eusi
Prasasti Tugu ditulis maké aksara Pallawa anu disusun dina wangun siloka basa Sansekerta kalayan métrum Anustubh anu ngawengku lima jajar ngurilingan batu luyu jeung wangun beungeut batu nu buleud. Sakumaha kabéh prasasti ti mangsa Tarumanagara umumna, Prasasti Tugu ogé henteu nuliskeun titimangsa dijieunna. Kronologina didasarkeun kana analisis wanda sarta wangun aksara (analisis palaéografis). Dumasar analisis kasebut dipikanyaho yén prasasti ieu asalna ti tengah abad ka-5 Maséhi. Husus prasasti Tugu jeung prasasti Cidanghiyang mibanda aksara nu sarupa, kamungkinan gedé pamahat (citralaikha > citralekha) dua prasasti ieu téh jelema anu sarua.
1380-an
1380-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1380 nepi ka taun 1389.
Picung
Kai pepelakan ieu ogé boga ajén ékonomi, kalawan beurat jenis 450–1000 kg.m-3.
Babasan "mabok kepayang" dina basa Malayu/Indonésia dipaké pikeun ngagambarkeun kaayaan hiji jalma anu keur ragrag asih antukna henteu sanggup mikir sacara logis.
Ngaran patempatan
Di Tatar Sunda, loba pisan patempatan anu dingaranan ku ngaran tutuwuhan. Patempatan anu maké kecap 'picung' di antarana:
Prasasti Tugu
Eusi
Prasasti Tugu mibanda ciri nu mandiri nyaéta aya pahatan hiasan iteuk nu dina tungtungna dilengkepan ku sarupaning trisula. Gambar iteuk kasebut dipahatkeun ajeg manjang ka handap kawas boga guna minangka wates pemisah antara awal jeung panungtungan kalimah-kalimah dina prasastina.
Tulisan:
pravarddhamane dvavingsad vatsare sri gunau jasa narendradhvajabhutena srimata purnavarmmana//
prarabhya phalguna mase khata krsnastami tithau caitra sukla trayodasyam dinais siddhaikavingsakaih ayata satsahasrena dhanusamsasatena ca dvavingsena nadi ramya gomati nirmalodaka//
pitamahasya rajarser vvidaryya sibiravanim brahmanair ggo sahasrena prayati krtadaksina//
Tarjamahan:
“Baheula susukan anu ngaranna Candrabhaga geus digali ku maharaja anu mulia sarta anu miboga leungeun nu tarapti sarta kuat nyaéta Purnnawarmman, pikeun ngocorkeun cai ka laut, sanggeus susukan ieu nepi di karaton karajaan anu kamasur. Dina taun ka-22 pamaréntahan tahta Anu Mulia Raja Purnnawarmman anu matak silo alatan kapinter sarta kawijaksanaanana sarta jadi panji ti sagala raja, (mangka ayeuna) anjeunna ogé nitah ngagali susukan anu éndah sarta caian beresih nu ngaranna Gomati, sanggeus susukan kasebut ngocor ngaliwat ka tengah lemah tempat pangcalikan Anu Mulia Sang Éyang Pandita (Raja Purnnawarmman). Pagawéan ieu dimimitian dina poé alus, tanggal 8 paro-poek bulan Caitra, jadi ngan lumangsung salila 21 poé, sedengkeun susukan kasebut panjangna 6122 gondéwa. Salametan pikeun anjeunna dipigawé ku para Brahmana nu dibiruyungan 1000 sapi”.
1420-an
1420-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1420 nepi ka taun 1429.
1370-an
1370-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1370 nepi ka taun 1379.
1400-an
1400-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1400 nepi ka taun 1409.
1440-an
1440-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1440 nepi ka taun 1449.
1390-an
1390-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1390 nepi ka taun 1399.
1430-an
1430-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1430 nepi ka taun 1439.
Kélor
Déskripsi
Kélor (Moringa oleivera) tumuwuh dina wangun tangkal, umur panjang (perenia) nu jangkungna 7–12 m. Batang kai (lignosus), tegak, warna bodas kotor, kulit ipis, luarna kasar. Cabangna simpodial, arah cabangna lempeng atawa nyéngkong, osok tumuwuh lempeng atawa manjang. Daun majemuk, tangkaina panjang, nyusun bubukuan (alternate), anak daunna gasal (imparipinnatus), daun keur ngora warnana héjo ngora - sanggeus kolot jadi héjo kolot, wangu daunna oval, panjang 1–2 cm,lébar 1–2 cm, ipis leuleus, tungtung jeung sisina mintul (obtusus), sisi luar luhur jeung handapna lemes. Kembang kaluar dina kélék daun (axillaris), tangkaina panjang, kalopak warna bodas rada krem, ngaluarkeun ambeu anu has. Buah kélor bentukna panjang segi tiga, panjangna 20–60 cm, buah ngora warnana héjo, sanggeus kolot jadi coklat, wangun sikina buleud warna coklat kahideungan, buahan sanggeus umurna 12-18 bulan. Akar tunggang, warna bodas, ngagedéan kawas lobak. Ngalobakeuna bisa sacara generatif (siki) atawa vegetatif (sték batang). Tumuwuh boh di dataran handap atawa luhur nepi ka luhur kurang leuwih 1000 m dpl, loba dipelak salaku tapel wates atawa pager di buruan imah atawa kebon.
Mangfaat
Organisasi kaséhatan dunya (WHO) nyarankeun pikeun barudak jeung orok anu masih dina mangsa tumuwuh piekun ngonsumsi ieu karana alusna mangfaat daun kélor, ku sabab geuning ngandung:
Kapurbakalaan Titilar Karajaan Galuh
Sajaba ti prasasti, Karajaan Galuh ogé ninggalkeun warisan budaya séjén nu bisa ditempo dina daptar di handap ieu:
1450-an
1450-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1450 nepi ka taun 1459.
1470-an
1470-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1470 nepi ka taun 1479.
1500-an
1500-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1500 nepi ka taun 1509.
1490-an
1490-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1490 nepi ka taun 1499.
Manggu
Manggu sadulur jeung asem kandis jeung asem galugur, samara asakan dina tradisi India jeung Sumatera.
1520-an
1520-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1520 nepi ka taun 1529.
1550-an
1550-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1550 nepi ka taun 1559.
1460-an
1460-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1460 nepi ka taun 1469.
Gebang
Gebang; corypha utan nyaéta ngaran hiji tutuwuhan anu asalna tina kulawarga 	Arecaceae. Ieu tangkal sabangsaning palem nu jangkung gedé ti wewengkon padataran handap. Tuwuhan ieu ogé dipikawanoh kalawan ngaran-ngaran séjén kawas gabang (basa Dayak Ngaju), gawang (Timor), pucuk (dialek Betawi), pocok (basa Madura), ibus (basa Batak, basa Sasak), silar (Minahasa) sarta nu séjén-séjénna. Ngaran ilmiahna nyaéta Corypha utan.
Gambaran
Tuwuhan palem anu badag ieu, tangkalna tunggal, jangkungna kira-kira 15-20 m. Daun-daun badag ngawangun kipas, buleud ngaramo kalawan diaméter 2-3,5 m, ngumpul dina tungtung tangkal; gagangna panjang nepi ka 7 m, rubak, boga alur sarta cucukan dina sisina. Urut palapah daun dina tangkal ngawangun pola spiral.
Gebang ngan kembangan sarta buahan sakali, nyaéta dina tungtung waktu hirupna. Karangan kembang mecenghul dina tungtung tangkal (terminal), sanggeus kabéh daunna paéh, mangrupa malai nu jangkung gedé 3–5 m, kalawan ratusan rébu pucuk kembang konéng semu héjo anu ambeuna seungit. Buahna boga bentuk buleud nu gagangan pondok, héjo, 2-3 cm diaméterna.
Ékologi sarta sumebarna
Palem ieu tumuwuh sumebar di padataran handap nu luhurna nepi ka kira-kira 300 m luhureun beungeut laut lbl.. Gebang mikaresep lapangan jukut anu lénglang, walungan, sisi ranca, sarta sakapeung tumuwuh ogé di wewengkon pasir. Di sawatara tempat anu cocog, biasana teu laér ti basisir, gebang bisa tumuwuh ngajumpluk nyieun beubeur leuweung anu cukup lega.
Gebang kapanggih sumebar lega mimiti ti India ngaliwatan Asia Tenggara, Filipina sarta Indonésia nepi ka Australia kalér.
Pamangpaatan
Daun gebang, utamana anu ngora, dikokolakeun jadi sagala rupa bahan anyaman anu alus; pikeun bahan nyieun samak, topi, kantong, karung, tali, kecrik sarta pakéan tradisional. Heulayan pita tina olahan janur gebang ieu dina mangsa katukang ramé didagangkeun utamana di Sulawesi Kidul; dipikawanoh sawatara macemna kawas agel, papas, sarta baris.
Sarupaning serat tuwuhan anu cukup alus bisa ogé dihasilkeun tina gagang daunna, sanggeus dibeulah-beulah, dikeueum sarta dikokolakeun leuwih tuluy. Serat ieu bisa dipintal jadi tali atawa, di Filipina, dianyam jadi topi.
Tangkal gebang cukup teuas, utamana bagian luarna anu jiga kai, sarta ilahar dipaké minangka bahan wangunan. Potongan tangkal anu gembleng sarta dipiceun bagian jerona ilahar dipaké pikeun nyieun bedug.
Sawatara bagian tangkal gebang mibanda hasiat pikeun ubar. Akarna dipaké pikeun nyageurkeun diaré nu teu pati beurat tapi mindo. Cai tina palapahna dipaké minangka anti racun. Sarupaning geutah semu beureum dina pucuknya dipaké pikeun ngubaran tatu, batuk sarta diséntri.
1480-an
1480-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1480 nepi ka taun 1489.
1620-an
1620-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1620 nepi ka taun 1629.
1530-an
1530-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1530 nepi ka taun 1539.
1510-an
1510-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1510 nepi ka taun 1519.
1630-an
1630-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1630 nepi ka taun 1639.
1580-an
1580-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1580 nepi ka taun 1589.
1570-an
1570-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1570 nepi ka taun 1579.
1640-an
1640-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1640 nepi ka taun 1649.
1660-an
1660-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1660 nepi ka taun 1669.
1680-an
1680-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1689 nepi ka taun 1689.
1560-an
1560-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1560 nepi ka taun 1569.
Honjé
Honjé (Etlingera eliator; sinonim Nicolaia elatior, Phaeomeria speciosa) nyaéta tuwuhan taunan nu ngawangun terna anu kembang, buah, sarta sikina dimangpaatkeun pikeun bahan sayuran. . Ngaran séjénna nyaéta kincung (Médan ) sarta siantan (Malaysia). Urang Thailand nyebutna kaalaa.
Kongkolak kembang honjé di£jadikeun lalab atawa diseupan tuluy didahar bareng jeung sambel di Jawa Kulon. Sakapeung, kongkolak kembangna ogé dijadikeun bagian tina pecel. Di Tanah Karo, buah honjé ngora disebut asam cekala. Pucuk kembang sarta "peuteuy"na jadi bagian poko dina sayur haseum Karo; ogé jadi panyinglar bau hanyir sawaktu ngasakan lauk. Asakan Batak, ti antarana arsik lauk emas, ogé ngagunakeun “asam cekala” ieu. Di Malaysia sarta Singapura, honjé jadi unsur penting dina laksa.
1610-an
1610-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1610 nepi ka taun 1619.
Kapas
Kapas nyaéta ngaran hiji tuwuhan nu ngahasilkeun haramay/benang nu lemes nu tumuwuh sabudeureun sikina. Kapas tumuwuh di daérah tropis jeung subtropis. Serat ieu tuluy digulung jadi benang sarta digunakeun pikeun nyieun kaén (tékstil).
Kapas mangrupa tuwuhan nu gedé ajénna lantaran ngan kira-kira 10% tina beuratna ilang dina pemrosésan. Waktu lilin, protéin, jll. disingkirkeun, sésana nyaéta polimér alami tina sélulosa murni. Sélulosa ieu kasusun rapih antukna méré kapas sifat kekuatan, daya tahan sarta daya serep nu mandiri. Di Pulo Ambon, kapas dipikawanoh ku istilah lokalna  aha , sarta dina basa Banda disebut  karamboa .
Sajarah
During the late mediaeval period, cotton became known as an imported fibre in northern Europe, without any knowledge of what it came from other than that it was a plant; people in the region, familiar only with animal fibres (wool from sheep), could only imagine that cotton must be produced by plant-borne sheep. John Mandeville, writing in 1350, stated as fact the now-preposterous belief: "There grew there India a wonderful tree which bore tiny lambs on the endes of its branches. These branches were so pliable that they bent down to allow the lambs to feed when they are hungrie.". This aspect is retained in the name for cotton in many European languages, such as German Baumwolle, which translates as "tree wool".
By the end of the 16th century AD, cotton was cultivated throughout the warmer regions in Africa, Eurasia and the Americas.
The Indian cotton processing industry was eclipsed during the British Industrial Revolution, when the invention of the Spinning Jenny (1764) and Arkwright's spinning frame (1769) enabled cheap mass-production of cotton cloth in the UK. Production capacity was further improved by the invention of the cotton gin by Eli Whitney in 1793.
In the United States, growing the three crops, cotton, indigo and tobacco historically were the leading occupations of slaves. After emancipation, the share cropping system evolved which in many cases differed little from the systems of slavery. -->
Produksi
Kiwari kapas dihasilkeun di réa patempatan di dunya, kaasup Eropa, Asia, Afrika, Amérika, jeung Australia, ngandelkeun tangkal kapas anu pinilih antukna bisa dihasilkeun serat nu leuwih réa. Dina taun 2002, kapas dipelak di 330.000 km² huma, 47 milyar ton kapas atah saharga 20 milyar dolar AS dipelak dina yaun éta.
Mangpaat
Sajaba ti jadi bahan dasar industri tékstil, kapas ogé dipaké dina kecrik lauk, saringan kopi, ténda, jeung pangwates buku. Duit Cina munggaran dijieun tina serat kapas, ogé duit dollar Amérika Sarikat modéren.
Denim, sarupaning pakan nu tahan lila, jeung lolobana kaos (T-shirt) sabagéan gedé dijieun tina kapas.
1690-an
1690-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1690 nepi ka taun 1699.
Kapundung
Kapundung atawa ménténg (utamana Baccaurea racemosa (Reinw.) Muell. Arg.; ogé B. javanica sarta B. dulcis) nyaéta tutuwuhan panghasil buah anu bisa didahar. Sakolébatan buah kapundung téh sarupa jeung buah dukuh ngan tajugna béda. Rasana buah kapundung biasana haseum sanajan aya ogé anu amis.
1720-an
1720-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1720 nepi ka taun 1729.
Kapundung
Baheula kapundung ilahar dipelak di pakarangan tapi ayeuna geus hésé ditimukeun alatan kadéséh ku jalam nu nyicingan lahan sarta pepelakan buah séjén anu leuwih dipikaresep. Tuwuhan ieu asli ti Pulo Jawa. Di Bandung, ngaran kapundung dijadikeun ngaran walungan gedé nu meulah ieu kota. Sedengkeun di wewengkon Jakarta, Bogor jeung Bekasi, ngaran ménténg dipaké ogé jadi ngaran jalan atawa wewengkon. Di Jakarta jeung Bogor malah mah sakapeung kawénéhan aya padagang buah ménténg atawa kapundung.
1650-an
1650-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1650 nepi ka taun 1659.
1670-an
1670-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1670 nepi ka taun 1679.
1710-an
1710-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1710 nepi ka taun 1719.
1730-an
1730-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1730 nepi ka taun 1739.
1740-an
1740-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1740 nepi ka taun 1749.
1770-an
1770-an nyaéta dékade atawa dasawara sanggeus Maséhi dina kalénder Gregorian nu dimimitian ti taun 1770 nepi ka taun 1779.