cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Cakram Blu-ray
Player profiles
When software authored with interactive féatures dependent on "Bonus View" hardware capabilities are played on profile 1.0 players some féatures may not be available or may offer limited capability. Profile 1.0 players will still be able to play the main féature of the disc, however.
Backward compatibility
While it is not compulsory for manufacturers; the Blu-ray Disc Association recommends that Blu-ray Disc drives should be capable of réading standard DVDs for backward compatibility. For instance, Samsung's first Blu-ray Disc drive can réad CDs, regular DVDs, and Blu-ray Discs. All other Blu-ray Disc players reléased are also capable of DVD playback, though not all support CD playback. This includes Sony, Panasonic, Philips, LG, Pioneer and PC-based players from Alienware, Sony, and Dell.
Corporate support
Blu-ray Disc has gained a large amount of support in the corporate world, with companies such as Apple, Dell, and Panasonic backing it. Blu-ray Disc was started by Hitachi, LG, Panasonic, Pioneer, Philips, Samsung, Sharp, Sony, and Thomson in February 19, 2002, with Panasonic, Sony, Pioneer, and Philips as the back-bone of the foundation. Several members of the Blu-ray organization's Board of Directors who had originally pledged to support Blu-ray Disc later also supported HD DVD, such as Hewlett-Packard, Samsung, and LG.
Among the movie studios, Blu-ray Disc is currently exclusively supported in the United States by Sony Pictures Entertainment and MGM (20% of MGM's stake is owned by Sony) as well as Disney, 20th Century Fox, and Lionsgate. Outside of the United States, movies from these studios are often distributed by different companies, such as StudioCanal in Europe. Thus many of these Blu-ray exclusive titles are available outside the U.S. on HD DVD. Likewise, movies that are exclusive to HD DVD in the United States have Blu-ray reléases in other regions. An example of this is the Universal Studios film Bruce Almighty, which has been reléased exclusively on HD DVD in the U.S., but has been reléased as a Blu-ray exclusive in Europe due to the distribution rights held by Buena Vista. Many Blu-ray discs are multi-region, making import of these titles éasier.
It is non-exclusively supported by Warner Bros., and New Line Cinema. Warner Bros. has several HD DVD exclusive titles at the moment that are scheduled for reléase on Blu-ray in the néar future. It should be noted that some of New Line Cinema's titles, the first being Hairspray, were originally announced as limited time Blu-ray exclusives due to lack of region coding with HD DVD. All future catalog titles will be reléased simultanéously in both formats.
It had been reported by various sources (PC World, Ars Technica, CNN, et al) that pornography had been disallowed on Blu-ray Disc, which may have had an effect on the success of the format. However, this is inaccurate, as both formats have said they fully support all material, including porn, and have no control over what companies reléase with their license. Blu-ray is currently exclusively backed by several adult-movie studios/publishers, including Taisei Co. Ltd. and Total Media Agency Inc. Contrary to many internet blogs, it has been reported by ABC News that the porn industry will not be a factor in the current format war. The main réason is that many pornographic websites have movie downloads as an option, thus making the disc format less important.
Blockbuster, the largest U.S. movie rental company, offers Blu-ray exclusively in 1450 stores. Previously, the company test-marketed both competing formats at 250 stores and found that more than 70% of high definition rentals were Blu-ray discs. They continue to offer both formats at those initial 250 stores, as well as on its online rental service.
Netflix, the world's largest online movie rental service, offers titles in both HD-DVD and Blu-Ray formats. According to a new Internet tracking report, although Netflix's Blu-ray pages receive more hits, users are more likely to set HD DVD as their preferred format.
On August 20 2007, Paramount Pictures, DreamWorks Pictures and DreamWorks Animation, announced they would no longer be supporting the Blu-ray Disc format. Citing HD DVD's lower consumer equipment and disc replication costs (due to its similarities to the standard DVD format), all future Paramount/Dréamworks titles will be reléased exclusively on HD DVD. Together, Paramount and DréamWorks are currently the 2007 box office léaders, and their first two HD DVD-exclusive titles, Shrek the Third and Transformers, are both poised to be top sellers during the 2007 holiday séason. Movies directed by Steven Spielberg are not included in this announcement, as Spielberg controls his films. In an interview with PC World, Alan Bell, the Executive Vice présidént and Chief Technology Officer for Paramount Pictures, stated the exclusive support for HD DVD is currently indefinite. However, two Viacom executives who spoke to the New York Times disclosed that the terms of the agreement were for $150 million in incentives in exchange for an exclusivity period of at léast 18 months, or through the next two holiday séasons. In response to these reports of a $150 million déal, DreamWorks Animation Céo Jeffrey Katzenberg stated that it was disingenuous for other companies to suggest that they were not compensated for endorsing Blu-ray.
On September 24 2007 the Home Théater Specialists of America, a national buying consortium of 62 déalers and 800 installers with combined annual revenue of more than a half-billion dollars, officially endorsed Blu-ray Disc as its next-generation format of choice.
Blu-ray Disc / HD DVD comparison
The primary rival to Blu-ray Disc is HD DVD. As of November 2007, HD DVD has the advantage in maximum disc capacity (51 GB triple-layer versus 50 GB dual-layer). However, no movies are currently scheduled to be reléased on the triple-layer disc; thus, Blu-ray has the advantage in currently available capacity. It is unknown at this time whether the final triple-layer HD DVD specification will be compatible with current players. As of November 2007, 44% of Blu-ray titles use the 50 GB disc and 56% use the 25 GB disc while almost all HD DVD movies are in the 30 GB dual layer format.
In terms of audio/vidéo compression, Blu-ray Disc and HD DVD are similar on the surface: both support MPEG-2, VC-1, and H.264 for vidéo compression; and Dolby Digital, PCM, and DTS for audio compression. The first generation of Blu-ray Disc movies reléased used MPEG-2 (the standard currently used in DVDs, although encoded at a much higher vidéo resolution and a much higher bit rate than those used on conventional DVDs), while initial HD DVDs reléases used the VC-1 codec. Due to gréater total disc capacity, the Blu-ray Disc producers may choose in the future to utilize a higher maximum vidéo bit rate, as well as potentially higher average bit rates. As of November 2007, 41% of Blu-ray Discs are encoded in MPEG-2 while AVC is used on 33% of discs and VC-1 on 26%.
In terms of audio, there are some differences. To ensure backwards compatibility with older receivers with Dolby Digital decoders, Blu-ray Disc allows conventional Dolby Digital audiotracks at 640 kbit/s and this is the primary audio track for 33% of Blu-ray titles, while it has gone unused for HD DVD titles. The newer Dolby Digital Plus is mandatory for HD DVD players at 3 Mbit/s (and is used in 90% of HD DVD titles), while optional for BD players with support at a bitrate of 1.736 Mbit/s for mixes that require more than 5.1 channels (has only been used on two titles). Both formats optionally support DTS-HD High Resolution Audio, a lossy compression scheme that extends the core DTS audio for better fidelity but yet is still not lossless.
As for lossless audio, 43% Blu-ray Discs have 5.1 LPCM uncompressed audio, which is the only lossless format that is mandatory for Blu-ray players. Blu-ray Disc also has optional support for Dolby TrueHD lossless encoding of up to 8 channels of audio, and DTS-HD Master Audio, a lossless encoding of up to 8 channels of audio. As of November 2007, 7% of Blu-ray Discs are encoded in Dolby TrueHD while DTS-HD Master Audio is used on 12% on discs. In total, 60% of Blu-ray Discs have either uncompressed or lossless audio. HD DVD also supports LPCM, but unlike Blu-ray, it has mandatory support for Dolby TrueHD, although only 20% of HD DVD movies have lossless audio.
Both HD DVD and Blu-ray Disc support the 24p (traditional movie) frame rate, but technical implementations of this mode are different between the formats. Blu-ray Disc supports 24p with its native timing, while HD DVD uses 60i timing for 24p (encoded progressively, replacing missing fields with "repeat field flags"). Decoders can ignore the “flags” to output 24p. There is no impact on picture resolution and minimal impact on storage space as a result of this, as the HD DVD format often uses the same encoded vidéo—it simply adds notational overhéad.
There is no Region Coding in the existing HD DVD specification, which méans that titles from any country can be played in players in any other country. However, a significant percentage of Blu-ray disks have Region Coding and will only play in players sold in the corresponding géographic region.
Since both formats launched in the spring of 2006, an estimated 4.98 million high-definition discs have been sold, including 3.01 million in Blu-ray and 1.97 million in HD DVD through the end of September, 2007. However, those figures are dwarfed by the sales of regular DVDs. Combined, the two high-def disc formats accounted for only 2.5 % of overall disc sales during the first half of 2007.
Ongoing development
Although the Blu-ray Disc specification has been finalized, engineers continue working to advance the technology. Quad-layer (100 GB) discs have been demonstrated on a drive with modified optics (TDK version) and standard unaltered optics ("Hitachi used a standard drive."). Hitachi stated that such a disc could be used to store 7 hours of 32 Mbit/s vidéo (HDTV) or 3.5 hours of 64 Mbit/s vidéo (Cinema 4K). Furthermore TDK announced in August 2006 that they have créated a working experimental Blu-ray Disc capable of holding 200 GB of data on a single side, using six 33 GB data layers.
Also behind closed doors at CES 2007, Ritek has revéaled that they had successfully developed a High Definition optical disc process that extends the disc capacity of both competing formats to 10 layers. That incréases the capacity of the discs to 250 GB for Blu-ray compared to 170 GB (HD DVD now permits 17GB per layer) for HD DVD using the same process. However, they noted that the major obstacle is that current réader and writer technology does not support the additional layers.
JVC has developed a three layer technology that allows putting both standard-definition DVD data and HD data on a BD/DVD combo. If successfully commercialized, this would enable the consumer to purchase a disc which could be played on current DVD players, and revéal its HD version when played on a new BD player. This hybrid disc does not appéar to be réady for production and no titles have been announced that would utilize this disc structure.
BD9 / Mini-Blu-ray Disc
BD9 is a red laser DVD with BD contents on it. This disc should be rotated at 3x speed or more to satisfy the minimum transfer rate of 30.24 Mbit/s. These disks can be used for private storing and can be authored even without implementing AACS. BD9 was originally proposed by Warner Home Vidéo, as a cost-effective alternative to regular Blu-ray discs. It is similar to HD DVD's 3x DVD
AVCREC
AVCREC is a standard for storing BD content on red laser DVDs using H.264/MPEG-4 AVC compression. It is similar to HD REC for HD DVD.
Blu-ray Disc recordable
Blu-ray Disc recordable refers to two optical disc formats that can be recorded with an optical disc recorder. BD-R discs can be written to once, wheréas BD-RE can be erased and re-recorded multiple times. As of March 2007, BD-R/RE drives up to 4x retail are sold for about US$600 and 2x single-layer BD-R discs, with a capacity of 25 GB, can be found for around US$12. The théoretical maximum for Blu-ray Discs is about 12x as the speed of rotation (10,000 rpm) causes too much wobble for the discs to be réad properly, similar to the 20x and 52x respective maximum speeds of DVDs and CDs.
HD DVD / Blu-Ray hybrid discs
Warner Bros. officially announced Total Hi Def (THD) at CES 2007. Total Hi Def (Total HD) hybrid discs supports both HD DVD and Blu-ray, HD DVD on one side (up to two layers) and Blu-ray on the other side (up to two layers). Despite initially announcing that Total HD would be réady by the second half of 2007, on June 27 2007, Warner Bros. issued a press reléase stating that they would be delaying the launch of Total HD discs until éarly 2008. As of September 2007, no specific titles have yet been announced.
Khutung Mbelang, Tanoh Alas, Aceh Tenggara
Khutung Mbelang nyaéta salah sahiji Gampong di kacamatan Tanoh Alas, Kabupatén Aceh Tenggara, Propinsi Acéh, Indonésia.
Khutung Mbelang, Tanoh Alas, Aceh Tenggara
Jagapura Wétan, Gegesik, Cirebon
Jagapura Wétan nyaéta salah sahiji désa di kacamatan Gegesik, Kabupatén Cirebon, Propinsi Jawa Barat, Indonésia.
2010 MF1
Ari 2010 MF1 mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Amor, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.588, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 19.6. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO 322229.
Bebentukan
Kawas sakumna astéroid, ieu astéroid kabentuk tina nébula panonpoé primordial minangka beubeulahan planétisimal, objék di nébula marcapada ngora nu teu cukup badag pikeun robah jadi planét.
Indomie
Indomih atawa Indomie nyaéta mérek produk mi instan anu kasohor di Indonésia. Indomie diproduksi ku PT. Indofood CBP Sukses Makmur Tbk. Produk Indomie anu munggaran diwanohkeun téh Indomie Kuah Rasa Kaldu Ayam. Satuluyna dina taun 1982, penjualan produk Indomie ngalaman kamekaran kalayan ngeuyeuban deui rupaning rasa saperti Indomie Kuah Rasa Kari Ayam. Puncaknya dina taun 1983, Produk Indomie nyieun parobahan anu asalna kuah jadi aya mi goréng. Kandungan gizi dina indomie saperti énérgi, protéin, niasin, asam folat, pantotenat, mineral besi, natrium, jeung vitamin saperti vitamin A,C, B1, B6, jeung B12.
Kota Batu, Ngaras, Pesisir Kulon
Kota Batu nyaéta salah sahiji Désa di kacamatan Ngaras, Kabupatén Pesisir Kulon, Propinsi Sumatra Kalér, Indonésia.
Kota Batu, Ngaras, Pesisir Barat
Basa Baham
Basa Baham nyaéta basa wewengkon anu aya di Indonésia. Panyaturna aya di 1 propinsi nyaéta propinsi Papua Kulon, nu dumuk di 1 kabupaten/kota.
Ulu Air, Kumun Debai, Sungai Penuh
Ulu Air nyaéta salah sahiji désa di kacamatan Kumun Debai, Kota Sungai Penuh, Propinsi Jambi, Indonésia.
Aora TV
Aora TV nyaéta salah sahiji setasion télévisi berlangganan di Indonésia.
Sajarah
Aora diluncurkeun tanggal 8 Agustus 2008 di Jakarta. Produk mimiti anu ditawarkeun nyaéta paket perdana kawates Olimpiadé Beijing 2008 hungkul, anu kasusun ti 10 kanal: 3 lokal jeung 7 internasional. Aya ogé 4 kanal anu dihususkeun jang siaran-siaran Olimpiadé teu eureun-eureun.
Aora nawarkeun pakét Liga Inggris sabada manéna berhasil miboga hak siar Liga Utama Inggris di Indonésia periodé musim 2008-2009 anu mimita dipiboga ku Astro Nusantara. Berakhirna kerja sama Astro All Asia Networks plc jeung PT. First Media Tbk. (bagian ti Lippo Group) dina PT Direct Vision, operator Astro Nusantara, dimanfaatkeun ku Aora jang meunangkeun lisensi penyelenggaraan Liga Inggris di Indonesia.
Tanggal 16 April 2009, Aora ngaganti saluran Goal TV 1, Goal TV 2, SCTV, History Channel, jeung Crime & Investigation ku saluran-saluran anyar saperti Star Movies, Star World, Eurosport, National Géographic Adventure, jeung National Géographic Wild. Aora ogé nerapkeun aturan penomoran anyar ka tiap-tiap salurana jadi ngagunakeun 3 digit angka. Saprak tanggal 15 Agustus 2009, Aora geus teu nayangkeun saluran ESPN jeung Star Sports ku sabab hak siar Liga Utama Inggris geus béak jangka waktuna. Akhirna dua saluran ieu digantikeun ku Goal TV 1 jeung Goal TV 2. Dina waktu anu sarua, Aora ogé nambahkeun 12 saluran anyar jeung 1 saluran panembong kana daftar salurana.
Di awal taun 2010, masa depan Aora sempet poék ku sabab manéhna mecat 90% pegawéna sarta réa pelanggan anu eureun langganan ka televisi ieu. Sababna, memang perkara hak siar Liga Inggris anu geus teu dicekel deui ku Aora, jadi televisi ieu dianggap geus leungiteun daya tarik utamana. Tapi hal ieu dibantah ku managing director Aora, Guntur S. Siboro. Anjeuna nyebutkeun yén Aora keur nyusun ulang struktur perusahaanna jeung bakal ngabenerkeun sarta nambah konten-kontenna saacan taun 2010 béak. Jangji éta kabuktian ku obahna tampilan loka Aora di akhir taun 2010 sarta ayana 2 pakét anyar anu ditawarkeun nyaéta Paket Asyik (harga 59.000 eusina 26 saluran barudak leutik jeung kaluarga) jeung Paket Cihuy (harga Rp 99.000 ribu per bulan eusina 36 saluran). Ku nerbitkeun pakét-pakét anyar ieu, Aora yakin yén peluang bisnis di sektor televisi langganan ieu masih kénéh gedé.
Di awal taun 2011, Aora nambahkeun deui 2 pakét anyar nyaéta Pakét Siip jeung Pakét Mantap. Salajengna Aora ogé ngayakeun saluran resolusi tinggi (HDTV) ti tanggal 1 November. Saluran ieu bisa ditingali lamun pelanggan nyéwa dekoder husus HD atawa ngalanggan Paket Marvel HD anu eusina 67 saluran standar jeung 6 saluran HD. Aora ogé nayangkeun deui saluran ESPN jeung Star Sports dina Paket Olahraga. Opat saluran HBO anu awalna ngan aya di Paket Mantap, ayeun bisa ditongton ogé lamun pelanggan meuli Paket HBO.
Pangsa pasar Aora kiwari teu kawates di kalangan nengah ka luhur hungkul. Tarif iuran anu relatip kajangkau nyaéta mimiti harga 59.000 rupiah, Aora ayeuna keur usaha jang nguasai kelas nengah ka handap anu hayang tongtonan nu berkualitas. Aora ogé ngalegaan wewengkona nepi ka daerah pelosok Indonésia ku muka kantor-kantor cabang di tiap ibukota propinsi.
Tanggal 23 Maret 2015, Aora ngumumkeun liwat surélék husus ka pelanggana yén layananna bakal ditutup nanging manéhna bakal balik deui ngahadirkeun layanan anu anyar anu ngawajibkeun kabéh pelangganna anu masih hayang maké layanana jang ngalakukeun daptar ulang. Salila taun 2015, réa pelanggan Aora anu masih kénéh bisa ningali channel-channel Aora ku sabab can aya pengumuman resmi yén kabéh layanan Aora ditutup. Sempet aya ogé oknum-oknum anu ngamangpaatkeun kabingungan palanggan ieu ku ngirimkeun tagihan palsu. Napi ka ayeuna, can aya kabar deui yén layanan Aora geus aktif.
2013 AR27
Ari 2013 AR27 mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Apollo, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.451, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 21.8. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO�250169.
Bebentukan
Kawas sakumna astéroid, ieu astéroid kabentuk tina nébula panonpoé primordial minangka beubeulahan planétisimal, objék di nébula marcapada ngora nu teu cukup badag pikeun robah jadi planét.
Rejo Asri, Seputih Raman, Lampung Tengah
Rejo Asri nyaéta salah sahiji Désa di kacamatan Seputih Raman, Kabupatén Lampung Tengah, Propinsi Sumatra Kalér, Indonésia.
Gaharu
Gaharu, garu, Gonystylus macrophyllus nyaéta spésiés tutuwuhan ti kulawarga Thymelaeaceae. Sumebar di Indonésia, Malaysia, Papua Nugini, Kapuloan Solomon, jeung sigana Pilipina.
2015 FM35
Ari 2015 FM35 mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Amor, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.361, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 24.6. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO 332800.
Bebentukan
Kawas sakumna astéroid, ieu astéroid kabentuk tina nébula panonpoé primordial minangka beubeulahan planétisimal, objék di nébula marcapada ngora nu teu cukup badag pikeun robah jadi planét.
Kesendén, Kejaksan, Cirebon
Kesendén nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Kejaksan, Kota Cirebon, Propinsi Jawa Barat, Indonésia.
Tanjungsari, Cikarang Utara, Bekasi
Tanjungsari nyaéta salah sahiji désa di kacamatan Cikarang Kalér, Kabupatén Bekasi, Propinsi Jawa Barat, Indonésia.
Mekarrahayu, Bojongmanik, Lebak
Mekarrahayu nyaéta salah sahiji désa di kacamatan Bojongmanik, Kabupatén Lebak, Propinsi Banten, Indonésia.
952
Taun ka-952 Maséhi dina Kalénder Grégorian.
2005 TF49
Ari 2005 TF49 mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Amor, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.025, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 19.1. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO 331246.
Bebentukan
Kawas sakumna astéroid, ieu astéroid kabentuk tina nébula panonpoé primordial minangka beubeulahan planétisimal, objék di nébula marcapada ngora nu teu cukup badag pikeun robah jadi planét.
Barat, Susoh, Aceh Barat Daya
Barat nyaéta salah sahiji Gampong di kacamatan Susoh, Kabupatén Aceh Barat Daya, Propinsi Acéh, Indonésia.
Lau Lugur, Salapian, Langkat
Lau Lugur nyaéta salah sahiji Désa di kacamatan Salapian, Kabupatén Langkat, Propinsi Sumatra Kalér, Indonésia.
(411201) 2010 LJ14
Ari 2010 LJ14 mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Amor, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.342, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 17.8. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO 408854.
Bebentukan
Kawas sakumna astéroid, ieu astéroid kabentuk tina nébula panonpoé primordial minangka beubeulahan planétisimal, objék di nébula marcapada ngora nu teu cukup badag pikeun robah jadi planét.
2010 JM41
Ari 2010 JM41 mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Apollo, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.401, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 20.8. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO�369102.
Bebentukan
Kawas sakumna astéroid, ieu astéroid kabentuk tina nébula panonpoé primordial minangka beubeulahan planétisimal, objék di nébula marcapada ngora nu teu cukup badag pikeun robah jadi planét.
Abah Andadinata
Abah Andadinata nyaéta salah sahiji inohong nu miboga kalungguhan penting dina kamekaran silat. Lahir di désa Rancabayawak Majalaya dina taun 1893. Mindeng lalampahan ka unggal tempat di sakuliah Jawa Barat utamana mah di daérah Parahiangan.
Miboga élmu hikmah ti para ulama, utamana mah mama ajéngan Syéh Haji Abdul Kahpi ti daérah Pataruman Tarogong Garut. Élmu hikmah nu dipibogana nyaéta élmu Haqmaliyah. Élmu penca silat nu munggaran dikawasa ku Abah Anandita nyaéta silat jurus peksi muih minangka titinggal ti kulawargana. Nepi ka kiwari ieu jurus masih dipaké ku anggota Gerak Badan Pencak Margaluyu Pusat. Ieu gerakan disederhanakeun kalawan ngagunakeun kompilasi inti tata gerakna nu digabungkeun jeung élmu hikmah lafad Allah Muhammad Adam Rasul, Berkah Allah Sahabat Rasul. ti dinya ngabalukarkeun ayana jurus anyar nyaéta Payung Rasul.
Kamekaran penca silat tuluy mekar sanajan pangajaranana ngan saukur sumebar di kulawarga ningrat jeung kalangan ulama. Kalawan saran mama Ajengan Asep Samsudin, Andadinata nuluykeun diajar élmu penca silat ka daérah Parahiangan kulon perenahna di Kadipatén Cianjur. Abah Andadinata datang ka padépokan silat juragan Rd. Haji Ibrahim nu kasohor salaku nu nyiptakeun Maenpo Cikalong. Inohong Maénpo Cikaling nu umurna leuwih ngora daripada Rd.Haji Ibrahim nyaéta juragan Rd.Haji Abdullah nu ngawasa élmu penca silat Sabandar nu asalna ti Minangkabau Sumatera Barat. Ti juaragan Rd.Haji Abdullah, abah Adandinata meunangkeun élmu penca silat Sabandar. tapi dina sajarah maénpo Cikalong can pernah aya hiji ogé inohong di Cianjur anu nyarita yén Abah Andadinata pernah diajar ka Rd. Haji Ibrahim, dina taun 1906 Radén Haji Ibrahim pupus, sedengkeun mun ditilik tina umur, asa moal mungkin aya budak saumuran 13 taun (komo deui kurang) diajar ka anjeunna tapi teu kasebut jeung teu kacatet dina sajarah Cikalong. kitu ogé aya carita nu nyebutkeun Abah Andadinata diajarna dina umur 7 taun ka Radén Haji Ibrahim asa pamohalan, da dina taun 1900 yuswa Radén Haji Ibrahim 84 taun, asa piraku narima murid budak. Da maénpo Cikalong mah numutkeun gan Memed putra ti Gan Obing Ibrahim, ti jaman ramana diajar éta téh sakitu nyumputna jeung teu bisa ditémbong-témbong ka batur, jadi katerangan ieu kacida lemahna Abah Andadita ngantunkeun di désa Cikuya kacamatan Cicaléngka tanggal 29 Januari 1969 dina umurna nu ka 76 taun tur dimakamkeun di désa Cikuya Cicaléngka tanggal 30 Januari 1969.
Gle Gogo, Padang Tiji, Pidie
Gle Gogo nyaéta salah sahiji Gampong di kacamatan Padang Tiji, Kabupatén Pidie, Propinsi Acéh, Indonésia.
Gle Gogo, Padang Tiji, Pidie
Kedungdalem, Gegesik, Cirebon
Kedungdalem nyaéta salah sahiji désa di kacamatan Gegesik, Kabupatén Cirebon, Propinsi Jawa Barat, Indonésia.
Lasun Jawa
Taksonomi
Ngaran ilmiah awalna Ichneumon javanicus, diusulkeun ku Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire taun 1818. Abad ka-19 jeung ka-20, sababaraha spésimén zoologi ayeuna dianggap sarua:
Subspésiés lasun Jawa anu dipikawanon kiwari: <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" data-ve-ignore="true" style="white-space:nowrap;">[ '' <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2020)">rujukan? '' ]
Pilogeni
Analisis DNA mitokondria mendakan yén grup Asia Tenggara subspesies mongoose Jérman Tenggara bénten sacara genetik tina jinis mongoose Java anu langkung tebih di kulon. Walungan Salween di Myanmar panginten janten panghalang antara dua kelompok.
Muara Jaya, Kumun Debai, Sungai Penuh
Muara Jaya nyaéta salah sahiji désa di kacamatan Kumun Debai, Kota Sungai Penuh, Propinsi Jambi, Indonésia.
2000 AH205
Ari 2000 AH205 mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Apollo, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.406, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 22.5. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO�373432.
Parparean IV, Porsea, Toba Samosir
Parparéan IV nyaéta salah sahiji Désa di kacamatan Porsea, Kabupatén Toba Samosir, Propinsi Sumatra Kalér, Indonésia.
Rukti Endah, Seputih Raman, Lampung Tengah
Rukti Endah nyaéta salah sahiji Désa di kacamatan Seputih Raman, Kabupatén Lampung Tengah, Propinsi Sumatra Kalér, Indonésia.
Mulang Maya, Ngaras, Pesisir Kulon
Mulang Maya nyaéta salah sahiji Désa di kacamatan Ngaras, Kabupatén Pesisir Kulon, Propinsi Sumatra Kalér, Indonésia.
Mulang Maya, Ngaras, Pesisir Barat
2014 YQ34
Ari 2014 YQ34 mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Apollo, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.827, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 24.0. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO�319075.
Bebentukan
Kawas sakumna astéroid, ieu astéroid kabentuk tina nébula panonpoé primordial minangka beubeulahan planétisimal, objék di nébula marcapada ngora nu teu cukup badag pikeun robah jadi planét.
Terminal Kalideres
Beus AKAP jurusan Terminal Kalideres
Beus AKAP nu ngaladénan Terminal Kalideres di antarana:
Angkot nu ngaliwatan Terminal Kalideres
Angkot nu ngaliawatan Terminal Kalideres di antarana:
Di ieu terminal aya ogé halteu Transjakarta, Koridor 3 jeung 2, Koridor 3, tujuan Kalideres - Pasar Baru jeung Koridor 2 munangka ruteu alternatif nyaéta Kalideres - Pulogadung, jeung Ruteu Alternatif lianna, nyaéta, Kalideres - Bunderan Senayan.
Timang Rasa, Tanoh Alas, Aceh Tenggara
Timang Rasa nyaéta salah sahiji Gampong di kacamatan Tanoh Alas, Kabupatén Aceh Tenggara, Propinsi Acéh, Indonésia.
Timang Rasa, Tanoh Alas, Aceh Tenggara
2007 CC27
Ari 2007 CC27 mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Apollo, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.493, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 27.0. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO�116394.
Bebentukan
Kawas sakumna astéroid, ieu astéroid kabentuk tina nébula panonpoé primordial minangka beubeulahan planétisimal, objék di nébula marcapada ngora nu teu cukup badag pikeun robah jadi planét.
Pancur Ido, Salapian, Langkat
Pancur Ido nyaéta salah sahiji Désa di kacamatan Salapian, Kabupatén Langkat, Propinsi Sumatra Kalér, Indonésia.
2016 GV1
Ari 2016 GV1 mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Apollo, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.445, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 24.3. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO�380427.
Oman
Kasultanan Oman mangrupa hiji nagara di Jazirah Arab bagian kidul-wétan, Asia bagian kidul-kulon. Oman tepung wates jeung Uni Émirat Arab di kalér-kulon, Arab Saudi di kulon, jeung Yaman di kidul-kulon.
Kira-kira 98,8% populasi Oman pangagem agama Islam. Sultanna ayeuna nyaéta Qaboos bin Said Al Said nu nyingkirkeun bapana sorangan, Said bin Taimur, nu maréntah ti 1932 nepi ka 23 Juli 1970. Lega wewengkon Oman leuwih kirang saparo lega Pulo Sumatra.
Sukapura, Kejaksan, Cirebon
Sukapura nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Kejaksan, Kota Cirebon, Propinsi Jawa Barat, Indonésia.
(499490) 2010 MW
Ari 2010 MW mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Amor, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.471, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 19.1. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO 322229.
Bebentukan
Kawas sakumna astéroid, ieu astéroid kabentuk tina nébula panonpoé primordial minangka beubeulahan planétisimal, objék di nébula marcapada ngora nu teu cukup badag pikeun robah jadi planét.
Basa Bahau Diaq Lay
Basa Bahau Diaq Lay nyaéta basa wewengkon anu aya di Indonésia. Panyaturna aya di 1 propinsi nyaéta propinsi Kalimantan Wétan, nu dumuk di 1 kabupaten/kota.
Waluya, Cikarang Utara, Bekasi
Waluya nyaéta salah sahiji désa di kacamatan Cikarang Kalér, Kabupatén Bekasi, Propinsi Jawa Barat, Indonésia.
(86666) 2000 FL10
Ari (86666) 2000 FL10 mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Apollo, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.427, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 16.9. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO�385355.
Bebentukan
Kawas sakumna astéroid, ieu astéroid kabentuk tina nébula panonpoé primordial minangka beubeulahan planétisimal, objék di nébula marcapada ngora nu teu cukup badag pikeun robah jadi planét.
951
Taun ka-951 Maséhi dina Kalénder Grégorian.
GoldStar
GoldStar nyaéta ngaran pausahaan elektronika nu ngadeg taun 1958. Ngaran pausahaan ieu ganti jadi LG Electronics sarta LG Cable taun 1995. LG Cable robah deui jadi LS Cable taun 2005.
2016 RW33
Ari 2016 RW33 mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Amor, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.558, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 19.2. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO 389414.
GoldStar
GoldStar nyieun rupa-rupa produk, kaasup radio, microwave, traktor, jsb...
2016 RW33
Bebentukan
Kawas sakumna astéroid, ieu astéroid kabentuk tina nébula panonpoé primordial minangka beubeulahan planétisimal, objék di nébula marcapada ngora nu teu cukup badag pikeun robah jadi planét.
GoldStar
Traktor GoldStar sabenerna mah mimiti aya taun 1975 minangka bagéan tina Hyundai, gawe bareng jeung Yanmar Jepang. Taun 1977, mimiti gawe bareng jeung Fiat Itali, sarta taun 1983 beunang ku GoldStar. Dina taun nu sarua, mimiti gawe bareng jeung Mitsubishi, sarta kooperasi jeung Fiat taun 1984.
Traktor dijual kalayan merek GoldStar jeung Fiat-GoldStar. Tempo ogé LG Tractors jeung LS Tractors.
Parparean I, Porsea, Toba Samosir
Parparean I nyaéta salah sahiji Désa di kacamatan Porsea, Kabupatén Toba Samosir, Propinsi Sumatra Kalér, Indonésia.
Mukee Gogo, Padang Tiji, Pidie
Mukee Gogo nyaéta salah sahiji Gampong di kacamatan Padang Tiji, Kabupatén Pidie, Propinsi Acéh, Indonésia.
Mukee Gogo, Padang Tiji, Pidie
Parakanbeusi, Bojongmanik, Lebak
Parakan Beusi nyaéta salah sahiji désa di kacamatan Bojongmanik, Kabupatén Lebak, Propinsi Banten, Indonésia.
Drajat, Kesambi, Cirebon
Drajat nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Kesambi, Kota Cirebon, Propinsi Jawa Barat, Indonésia.
Pondok Tinggi, Pondok Tinggi, Sungai Penuh
Pondok Tinggi nyaéta salah sahiji kalurahan di kacamatan Pondok Tinggi, Kota Sungai Penuh, Propinsi Jambi, Indonésia.
Panunggul, Gegesik, Cirebon
Panunggul nyaéta salah sahiji désa di kacamatan Gegesik, Kabupatén Cirebon, Propinsi Jawa Barat, Indonésia.
Pekan Kuala, Kuala, Langkat
Pekan Kuala nyaéta salah sahiji Kalurahan di kacamatan Kuala, Kabupatén Langkat, Propinsi Sumatra Kalér, Indonésia.
Rama Dewa, Seputih Raman, Lampung Tengah
Rama Dewa nyaéta salah sahiji Désa di kacamatan Seputih Raman, Kabupatén Lampung Tengah, Propinsi Sumatra Kalér, Indonésia.
Rama Dewa, Seputih Raman, Lampung Tengah
Guadelup
Guadelup (Kréol Antillen: Gwadloup) nyaéta hiji kapuloan nu aya di Kapuloan Leeward, di Antillen Leutik, kalawan aréa darat 1.628 kilométer pasagi (629 mil pasagi) jeung populasi kira-kira 400.000 jiwa. Wewengkon ieu mangrupa wewengkon peuntas laut Perancis, ngawengku hiji departemén peuntas laut. Kode departeméntalna nyaéta "971". Saperti departemén peuntas laut lianna, Guadelup ogé mangrupa hiji bagian integral ti Républik. Salian ti pulo Guadelup, pulo-pulo leutik contona Marie-Galante, La Désirade, jeung Îles des Saintes ogé kaasup kana Guadelup.
Salaku bagian ti Perancis, Guadelup mangrupa bagian ti Uni Éropa; ku kituna saperti kalobaannana nagara UE, mata uangna nyaéta euro. Tapi, Guadelup sanés bagian ti Aréa Schengen. préféktur jeung ibu kota Guadelup nyaéta Basse-Terre.
Basa Bahau Ujoh Bilang
Basa Bahau Ujoh Bilang nyaéta basa wewengkon anu aya di Indonésia. Panyaturna aya di 1 propinsi nyaéta propinsi Kalimantan Wétan, nu dumuk di 1 kabupaten/kota.
Wangunharja, Cikarang Utara, Bekasi
Wangunharja nyaéta salah sahiji désa di kacamatan Cikarang Kalér, Kabupatén Bekasi, Propinsi Jawa Barat, Indonésia.
950
Taun ka-950 Maséhi dina Kalénder Grégorian.
Stambul Jaya, Tanoh Alas, Aceh Tenggara
Stambul Jaya nyaéta salah sahiji Gampong di kacamatan Tanoh Alas, Kabupatén Aceh Tenggara, Propinsi Acéh, Indonésia.
Stambul Jaya, Tanoh Alas, Aceh Tenggara
Rajabasa, Ngaras, Pesisir Kulon
Rajabasa nyaéta salah sahiji Désa di kacamatan Ngaras, Kabupatén Pesisir Kulon, Propinsi Sumatra Kalér, Indonésia.
Rajabasa, Ngaras, Pesisir Barat
Raya Gogo, Padang Tiji, Pidie
Raya Gogo nyaéta salah sahiji Gampong di kacamatan Padang Tiji, Kabupatén Pidie, Propinsi Acéh, Indonésia.
Raya Gogo, Padang Tiji, Pidie
2013 AO27
Ari 2013 AO27 mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Apollo, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.878, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 19.9. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO�254828.
Bebentukan
Kawas sakumna astéroid, ieu astéroid kabentuk tina nébula panonpoé primordial minangka beubeulahan planétisimal, objék di nébula marcapada ngora nu teu cukup badag pikeun robah jadi planét.
(410832) 2009 QO8
Ari 2009 QO8 mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Amor, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.342, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 19.2. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO 322046.
Bebentukan
Kawas sakumna astéroid, ieu astéroid kabentuk tina nébula panonpoé primordial minangka beubeulahan planétisimal, objék di nébula marcapada ngora nu teu cukup badag pikeun robah jadi planét.
Pasir Bitung, Bojongmanik, Lebak
Pasir Bitung nyaéta salah sahiji désa di kacamatan Bojongmanik, Kabupatén Lebak, Propinsi Banten, Indonésia.
Pardasuka, Ngaras, Pesisir Kulon
Pardasuka nyaéta salah sahiji Désa di kacamatan Ngaras, Kabupatén Pesisir Kulon, Propinsi Sumatra Kalér, Indonésia.
Pardasuka, Ngaras, Pesisir Barat
Bela Rakyat, Kuala, Langkat
Bela Rakyat nyaéta salah sahiji Kalurahan di kacamatan Kuala, Kabupatén Langkat, Propinsi Sumatra Kalér, Indonésia.
Mayapada tv
MYTV nyaeta stasion televisi di Indonesia. Namun Siaran MYTV Sudah Ditutup oleh Wawan Setiawan Pada 8 Maret 2023.
Sajarah
Jumlah tayangan di MYTV nyaéta 32.5% infomercial, talk show jeung layanan umum, 10.0% film Telenovela jeung Serial Barat, ku 11.0% kulawarga jeung atikan, 23.6% tina kajadian musik, 22,9% nyaéta hiji warta, infotainment jeung dokumenter.
MYTV museurkeun kana Informasi, Atikan jeung Hiburan. Kaperluan jeung kapentingan pemirsa di wewengkon program nu disiarkeun leuwih réa dina lokal nuances nu ngalibetkeun panongton salaku loba nu jéntré saperti; interaktif program jeung kagiatan off cai pikeun nguatkeun penetrasi masarakat.
Bagéan panongton leuwih kana kelas B, C1, C2, jeung D ngabalukarkeun mayoritas pemirsa di wewengkon ieu digolongkeun salaku kelas tengah-handap.
Jaringan siaran
Berikut ini adalah transmisi MYTV dan stasiun afiliasinya (sejak berlakunya UU Penyiaran, stasiun TV harus membangun stasiun TV afiliasi di daerah-daerah/bersiaran secara berjaringan dengan stasiun lokal). Data dikutip dari data Izin Penyelenggaraan Penyiaran Kominfo.
2005 TS45
Ari 2005 TS45 mangrupa hiji astéroid. Ieu asteroid téh bagéan tina astéroid Amor, anu nganjrek deukeut jeung marcapada. Ékséntrisitas orbit ieu astéroid kacatet gedéna 0.454, sedengkeun magnitudo mutlakna 21.3. Ari nu jadi référénsina mah nyaéta MPO90318.
Bebentukan
Kawas sakumna astéroid, ieu astéroid kabentuk tina nébula panonpoé primordial minangka beubeulahan planétisimal, objék di nébula marcapada ngora nu teu cukup badag pikeun robah jadi planét.
Jacques Cartier
Jacques Cartier (31 Désémber, 1491 – 1 Séptémber 1557), nami baptisna Jakez Karter, nyaéta penjelajah Perancis nu kasohor minangka salah sahiji penjelajah utama Kanada.
Biografi
Cartier babar dina taun 1491 di Saint-Malo, hiji désa leutik nu kawengku ku Britania, nu satuluyna asup ka Perancis dina 1532. Cartier lahir ti kulawarga pelaut, sarta naékkeun status sosialna dina taun 1520 ku jalan nikah jeung Catherine des Granches, anggota kulawarga pamilik kapal nu kasohor. Ngaran hadéna di Saint-Malo diaku alatan sering katingali di daptar pangbaptisan minangka wali atawa saksi. <!--
Balayar munggaran, 1534
In 1534, Cartier set sail, hoping to discover some western passage to the wealthy markets of Asia. He explored parts of Newfoundland starting on May 10 of that year, and what are now the Canadian Maritime provinces. He encountered St. Lawrence Iroquoian natives in the Gaspé region and learned of their villages to the West on the shores of a great river, that he hoped might be the long-sought passage to Asia.
Cartier landed for the first time at present-day Gaspé, Quebec where he planted a 30-foot cross and claimed the territory for France. Cartier lied to the Iroquoian Chief Donnacona and said the cross was an insignificant landmark. During this trip he captured Domagaya and Taignoagny, the sons of Chief Donnacona, and took them back to France. He also began to build diplomatic relations with the natives.
Balayar kadua, 1535-1536
Cartier left his main ships in a harbour close to Stadacona, and used his smallest ship to continue up-river and visit Hochelaga (now Montreal) where he arrived October 2, 1535. Hochelaga was far more impressive than the small and squalid village of Stadacona, and more than a thousand Iroquoians came to the river edge to greet the Frenchmen. The site of their arrival has been confidently identified as the beginning of the Sainte-Marie Sault -- where the Jacques Cartier Bridge now stands.
After spending two days among the St. Lawrence Iroquoians of Hochelaga, Cartier returned to Stadacona on October 11. It is not known exactly when Cartier decided to spend the winter of 1535-1536 in Canada, but the decision must have before reaching Stadacona, as it was by then too late to return to France. Cartier and his men prepared for the winter by strengthening their fort, stacking firewood, and salting down game and fish.
During this winter, Cartier compiled a sort of gazetteer that included several pages on the manners of the natives -- in particular, their habit of wearing only leggings and loin cloths even in the dead of winter.
From mid-November 1535 to mid-April 1536, the French fleet lay frozen solid at the mouth of the St. Charles river, under the Rock of Quebec. Ice was over a fathom (1.8 m) thick in the river, and snow four feet (1.2 m) deep ashore. To add to the discomfort, scurvy broke out -- first among the Iroquoians, and then among the French. In his journal, Cartier states that by mid-February, "out of 110 that we were, not ten were well enough to help the others, a thing pitiful to see". Cartier estimated the number of Indians dead at 50.
Ready to return to France in early May 1536, Cartier decided to kidnap Chief Donnacona himself, so that he might personally tell the tale of a country further north, called the "Kingdom of Saguenay", claimed to be full of gold, rubies and other treasures. After an arduous trip down the St. Lawrence and a three-week Atlantic crossing, Cartier and his men arrived in Saint-Malo July 15, 1536.
Balayar katilu, 1541-1542
On May 23, 1541 Cartier departed Saint-Malo on his third voyage with five ships. This time, any thought of finding a passage to the Orient was forgotten. The goals were now to find the "Kingdom of Saguenay" and its riches, and to establish a permanent settlement along the St. Lawrence.
Anchoring at Stadacona on August 23, Cartier again met the Iroquoians, but found their "show of joy" and their numbers worrisome, and decided not to build his settlement there. Sailing nine miles up-river to a spot he had previously observed, he decided to settle on the site of present-day Cap-Rouge, Quebec. The convicts and other colonists were landed, the cattle that had survived three months aboard ship were turned loose, earth was broken for a kitchen garden, and seeds of cabbage, turnip and lettuce were planted. A fortified settlement was thus created and was named Charlesbourg-Royal. Another fort was also built on the falaise overlooking the settlement, for added protection.
The men also began collecting quartz crystal ("diamonds") and iron pyrites ("gold"). Two of the ships were dispatched home with some of these worthless minerals on September 2.
Having set tasks for everyone, Cartier left with the longboats for a reconnaissance in search of "Saguenay" on September 7. Having reached Hochelaga, he was prevented by bad weather and the numerous rapids from continuing up to the Ottawa river.
Returning to Charlesbourg-Royal, Cartier found the situation ominous. The Iroquoians no longer made friendly visits or peddled fish and game, but prowled about in a sinister manner. No records exists about the winter of 1541-1542 and the information must be gleaned from the few details provided by returning sailors. It seems the Indians attacked and ate about 35 settlers before the Frenchmen could retreat behind their fortifications. Even though scurvy was cured through the native remedy, the impression left is of a general misery, and of Cartier's growing conviction that he had insufficient manpower either to protect his base or to go in search of Saguenay. Everyone boarded the three remaining ships in early June 1542, and arrived back in Europe in October 1542. This was his last voyage.
Cartier spent the rest of his life in Saint-Malo and his nearby estate, and died aged 66 on September 1, 1557 from an epidemic. He died before any permanent European settlements were made in Canada; that had to wait for Samuel de Champlain in 1608.
Legacy
Cartier's particular contribution to the "discovery of Canada" is as the first European to penetrate the continent, and more precisely the interior eastern region along the St. Lawrence River. This region was to become the first European-inhabited area of that country since the Vikings. It is also important to bear in mind that the title "discoverer of Canada" was applied to Cartier at a time when Newfoundland was not yet part of Canada. Moreover, Cartier used the word "Canada" (see Canada's name) to describe the village (Stadacona), the surrounding land and the river itself. Thus understood, Cartier was in effect the first European to explore "Canada". But even to this extent, the use of "discoverer" is perhaps too enthusiastic, as the two sons of Donnacona guided Cartier in his first exploration of the inner continent (in the second voyage) through the St. Lawrence estuary up to the village of Stadacona.
Despite these critical notes, Cartier's professional abilities can be easily ascertained. Considering that Cartier made three voyages of exploration in dangerous and hitherto unknown waters without losing a ship, that he entered and departed some fifty undiscovered harbours without serious mishap, and that the only sailors he lost were victims of an epidemic ashore, he may be considered one of the most conscientious explorers of the period.
Rediscovery of Cartier's First colony
On August 18, 2006, Quebec Premier Jean Charest announced that Canadian archaeologists have discovered the precise location of Cartier's lost first colony of Charlesbourg-Royal. The colony was built where the Cap Rouge river runs into the St. Lawrence River and is based on the discovery of burnt wooden timber remains that have been dated to the mid-16th Century and a fragment of a decorative Istoriato plate manufactured in Faenza, Italy, between 1540 and 1550 that could only have belonged to a member of the French aristocracy in the colony--probably Jean-François de la Roque de Roberval himself who was the leader of the settlement. This colony was the first European settlement in modern day Canada. Its discovery has been hailed by archaeologists as the most important find in Canada since the c.1000 AD L'Anse aux Meadows Viking village was unearthed in northern Newfoundland.
Référénsi kasohor
Jacques Cartier is referred to in the song "Looking for a Place to Happen" by the Canadian band The Tragically Hip, on the album Fully Completely.
In 2005, Cartier's Bref récit et succincte narration de la navigation faite en MDXXXV et MDXXXVI was named the most important book in Canadian history by the Literary Review of Canada.
Pulo Jacques Cartier. Pulo ieu aya di tip of the Great Northern Peninsula in Newfoundland & Labrador, in the town of Quirpon. The island itself is located on the North side of the harbour and it provides excellent shelter to a deep harbour. It is said that the island was named by Jacques Cartier himself on one of his voyages through the Straits of Belle Isle during the 1530's. -->
Parparean II, Porsea, Toba Samosir
Parparean II nyaéta salah sahiji Désa di kacamatan Porsea, Kabupatén Toba Samosir, Propinsi Sumatra Kalér, Indonésia.