cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Gayus Tambunan
Gayus Halomoan Partahanan Tambunan or commonly called Gayus Tambunan (born May 9, 1979) is a former civil servant at the Directorate General of Taxes, Ministry of Finance of Indonesia. He was known when Komjen (Pol) Susno Duadji said that Gayus kept rupiah gope money in his bank account, plus foreign money worth Rp. 60 billion and jewelery worth Rp. 14 billion in a bank safe on behalf of his wife, all of which were suspected of being illicit assets. In further developments, Gayus had fled to Singapore with his wife and children before being picked up again by the Legal Mafia Task Force in Singapore. The Gayus case tarnished the process of tax reform at the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia, which at that time was being intensively rolled out by Sri Mulyani and at the same time destroyed the image of the Indonesian tax apparatus.
Family
Gayus grew up and was born in Warakas, North Jakarta. He is the second of five children, son of Amir Syarifuddin Tambunan. Gaius is married to Milana Anggraeni and has five children. Milana herself is suspected of having received Rp 3.6 billion from Gaius Tambunan's account. It is known that there were five transfers of funds to Milana's account, between 4 December 2009 to 11 January 2010.
Lula da Silva 2022 presidential campaign
The Lula 2022 presidential campaign became official on 21 July 2022 in São Paulo when former President of Brazil Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva announced his candidacy for the 2022 election.
Lula da Silva's running mate is former Governor of São Paulo Geraldo Alckmin.
Lula da Silva was first elected in 2002 for the first term and re-elected in 2006 for the second term.
His campaign has been supported by former Presidents Fernando Henrique Cardoso and Dilma Rousseff, former 2022 candidates Ciro Gomes and Simone Tebet, Mayor of Rio de Janeiro Eduardo Paes and former Senator Marina Silva.
East Lancs Myllennium Lowlander
East Lancs deliberately misspelled bus names (naming it "Myllennium " instead of "Millennium ")
Ch'eng Mao-yün
Cheng Maoyun (25 August 1900 – 31 July 1957) was a Chinese musician and a professor at National Central University and Hangzhou Societal University (杭州社會大學). He wrote the music of the "National Anthem of the Republic of China".
Chen was born in 1990 in Xinjian to a family of officials. He studied music in Jiangxi Provincial Higher Normal School.
The official university song of the National Central University, now in Taiwan, was also composed by Cheng.
Indigenous marriage in South Africa
Indigenous marriage in South Africa is a social and legal bond between two clans. This bond is built around a man and a woman in a ukulobola covenant. The delivery of ikhazi things like cattle or other valuables from the man’s family to the woman’s. This bond connects the two clans in a permanent relationship. Children the man and woman have make the bond stronger.
The wife gets transferred from her clan where she enjoyed her maiden status as a princess inkosazana to her marital home where she is elevated to the status of the queen inkosikazi of the household. She excels in her stature as a paragon of love, care, diligence, reliability and resourcefulness. Symbolically a married woman is seen as a hen that spreads its wings to keep all the clan members including the young, the elderly, the sick and the orphans warm, served and satisfied.
Jane Eyre
Background
Around this time, Charlotte was beginning to suffer a painful toothache, which made many of her teeth fall out. She was even more worried about her father's blindness. On 19 August 1846, Charlotte went to Manchester with her father to see an eye surgeon, William James Wilson. Wilson performed the operation on 25 August. The next day, Charlotte described it to her friend Ellen in a letter. Wilson had been helped by two other surgeons. The operation had taken about 15 minutes. Charlotte wrote, "Papa is now confined to his bed in a dark room and is not to be stirred for four days - He is to speak and to be spoken to as little as possible". "Depressed and weary (tired)", Charlotte began writing Jane Eyre.
Charlotte did not have good eyes, so she wrote in little square books that she held close to her eyes. She wrote the first copy in pencil. When she left Manchester to go back home, she took the book with her and continued writing.
Famous sentence
The novel begins the last chapter with one of the most famous lines in English literature:
"Reader, I married him".
Crater Lake
Crater Lake is a caldera lake in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is the main attraction of Crater Lake National Park. It is famous for its blue color and clear water. The lake partly fills a nearly 2,148 ft deep caldera. The volcanic crater was formed by the collapse of the volcano, Mount Mazama, about 7,500 years ago. There are no rivers flowing into or out of the lake. The evaporation is compensated for by rain and snowfall at a rate such that the total amount of water is replaced every 250 years.
In 1853, miner John Wesley Hillman made the first recorded visit to the lake. He named the lake "Deep Blue Lake". The lake was renamed at least three times, as Blue Lake, Lake Majesty, and finally Crater Lake.
Crater Lake is known for its famous piece of driftwood, named the Old Man of the Lake. It is a tree that has been moving up and down in the water for more than 100 years. The lake water is cold, so the tree is well preserved. Originally, fish did not live in the lake. However, people stocked the lake with different kinds of fish between 1888 and 1941. Several species of fish still live in the lake.
Dimensions and depth
Crater Lake is in Klamath County. The lake is about 60 mi northwest of the county seat of Klamath Falls, and about 80 mi northeast of Medford. The lake has an average depth of 1148 ft. Its maximum depth is 1949 ft. The depth changes slightly as the weather changes. On the basis of maximum depth, Crater Lake is the deepest lake in the United States. It is the second deepest in North America, after Great Slave Lake in Canada. Crater Lake is also the ninth deepest lake in the world.
However, on the basis of comparing average depths among the world's deepest lakes, Crater Lake is the third deepest in the world. The caldera rim of Crater Lake ranges in elevation from 7000 to 8000 ft.
Geology
Mount Mazama is part of the Cascade Range island arc. It was built up over a period of at least 400,000 years. The caldera was created in a massive volcanic eruption. That led to the lowering of Mount Mazama around 5700 BC. Since that time, all eruptions on Mazama are limited to the caldera. Lava eruptions later created a central platform, called Wizard Island. Sediments and material from landslides also covered the caldera floor.
Eventually, the caldera cooled. That allowed rain and snow to form a lake. Fumaroles and hot springs remained common and active during this period. Also after some time, the slopes of the lake's caldera rim more or less stabilized. Streams restored a radial drainage pattern on the mountain, and forests began to cover the landscape. It is estimated that it took about 720 years to fill the lake to its present depth of 594 m. Much of this happened during a period when the climate was drier than it is now. Some hydrothermal activity remains along the lake floor. That means that at some time in the future Mazama may erupt once again.
Water quality
The waters of Crater Lake are some of the purest in North America. The water shows almost no pollution. There are several reasons, but the most significant is that the lake has no rivers or tributaries coming into it.
Clarity readings have always been in the high-20 meter to mid-30 meter (80–115 ft) range. That is very clear for any natural body of water. In 1997, scientists recorded a record clarity of 43.3 meters (142 ft).
The lake has relatively high levels of dissolved salts. The average pH has generally ranged between 7 and 8.
Sacred significance
The Klamath tribe of Native Americans have long thought of the lake as a sacred site. Their legends tell of a battle between the sky god Skell and Llao, the god of the underworld. Mount Mazama was destroyed in the battle. That resulted in the creation of Crater Lake. The Klamath people used Crater Lake in vision quests. The Klamath believed those who were successful in such quests had more spiritual powers. The tribe still holds Crater Lake in high regard as a spiritual site.
Related pages
Crater Lake National Park
Other websites
Good
Pseudepigrapha
Pseudepigrapha (pseudo = false; graphe = writing) are falsely attributed works. They are written works not by their supposed author.
They include Old Testament works not included in the Bible. They were a group of early writings which were not included in the Bible, or the Apocrypha. Most were falsely ascribed to biblical characters.
These are Jewish religious works thought to be written about 300 BC to 300 AD. They are distinguished by Protestants from the deuterocanonical (Catholic and Orthodox) or Apocrypha (Protestant). These books appear in the Septuagint and Vulgate but not in the Hebrew Bible or in Protestant bibles.
Buzzards Bay
Buzzards Bay is a bay next to the southeastern part of the U.S. State of Massachusetts. It is around 28 miles long and eight miles wide.
Buzzards Bay is a popular place for tourism, fishing and boating.
The name was given to this bay by colonists who saw a large bird they called a buzzard near the shores. But it was really an osprey.
Alvin and the Chipmunks
Alvin and the Chipmunks is an American animated music group. It was created by Ross Bagdasarian, Sr. in 1958. The group is made up of three animated chipmunks who sing and talk. They are Alvin, Simon and Theodore. The trio is managed by a fictional man named Dave Seville, who adopted the chipmunks. In reality, "David Seville" was Bagdasarian's stage name, and the chipmunks themselves are named after the executives of their original record label. The characters became a success, and were recreated in animated cartoons and eventually movies.
A computer-animated movie based on the characters was released in 2007, called Alvin and the Chipmunks. It had three sequels: one in 2009, one in 2011 and one in 2015. The actors Justin Long, Matthew Gray Gubler and Jesse McCartney performed the talking voices of the Chipmunks. Bagdasarian, Jr. and Karman performed the singing voices for Alvin, Theodore and the Chipettes, but Steve Vining does Simon's singing voice. The project has earned five Grammy Awards, an American Music Award, a Golden Reel Award, and three Kids' Choice Awards, and has been nominated for three Emmy awards.
Jiming Temple
Jiming Temple was first built in the Western Jin Dynasty. It is one of the oldest Buddhist temples in Nanjing. Since the Middle Ages, Jiming Temple has been known as the First Temple of the Southern Dynasties.
The history of Jiming Temple can be traced back to Qixuan Temple in Wu during the Three Kingdoms. At that time, the place where Jiming Temple now sits was a garden around a hilltop. Around the year 300, a temple was built on the hill. After the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it was part of the Tingwei Department. In 527, Emperor Wu of the Liang Dynasty built Tongtai Temple on Jiming Island, which made it a real Buddhist resort. In 1387, the Hongwu Emperor of the Ming Dynasty ordered the demolition of its old houses and a reconstruction and enlargement of its temples. This emperor is the one who named it "Jiming Temple". After the improvements of the Xuande, Chenghua, and Hongzhi Emperors, the courtyard was very large, covering more than 100 mu. Later, the ancient temple was destroyed by a fire in Xianfeng. Although it was rebuilt during the Tongzhi Era and its incense has flourished, the scale of the temple has been greatly reduced.
Haute-Goulaine
Haute-Goulaine is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.
Chrysaor
Chrysaor was the brother of the winged-horse Pegasus.
Gerderest
Gerderest is a commune of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques département in the southwestern part of France.
Leopold and Loeb
Leopold and Loeb were Nathan Freudenthal Leopold, Jr. (November 19, 1904 – August 29, 1971) and Richard Albert Loeb (June 11, 1905 – January 28, 1936).
Avarua
Avarua is a town and district in the north of Rarotonga Island. The name means "Two Harbors" in Cook Islands Māori. It is the national capital of the Cook Islands.
Leopold and Loeb
They were two wealthy University of Chicago law students who kidnapped and murdered 14-year-old Robert "Bobby" Franks in 1924 in Chicago.
Gestas, Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Gestas, Pyrénées-Atlantiques is a commune of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques département in the southwestern part of France.
Avarua
The downtown area of Avarua is located at sea level. It is below the peaks of Rarotonga (altitude: 208 m). The town has several supermarkets, two banks and several restaurants. It has other shops which sell black pearls and other handicrafts. The town has an open air market on Saturday. The market sells items including brightly coloured pare'u (wrap around dresses), flower garlands, fresh fish and tropical fruits. The town is served by Rarotonga International Airport (IATA Airport Code: RAR). In 2006 there were 5,445 people living in Avarua. They mainly make their living from tourism, trade, fishing and agriculture. There is one main road in Avarua. It is called Ara Maire Nui. It is also known as Marine Drive or Main Street. It turns into the island-circling ring road called Ara Tapu at both ends of town.
Leopold and Loeb
The duo was motivated to murder Franks by their desire to commit a perfect crime.
Avarua
Other websites
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Leopold and Loeb
Once arrested, Leopold and Loeb hired Clarence Darrow as counsel for the defense. Darrow’s summation in their trial criticized capital punishment as retribution, rather than rehabilitation. Leopold and Loeb were sentenced to life imprisonment. Loeb was killed by a fellow prisoner in 1936; Leopold was released on parole in 1958.
The Leopold and Loeb crime has been the inspiration for several works in film, theatre, and fiction, such as the 1929 play Rope by Patrick Hamilton, and Alfred Hitchcock's take on the play in the 1948 film of the same name. Later movies such as Compulsion and Swoon were more accurate portrayals of the Leopold and Loeb case.
St. Louis-style pizza
St. Louis-style pizza is a type of pizza popular in St. Louis, Missouri. It is made with a very thin crust, Provel cheese, and is usually cut into squares instead of wedges.
Pressure Down
"Pressure Down" is a 1986 song by John Farnham and is the second single from his 12th studio album Whispering Jack. It went to number 4 in Australia, number 8 in New Zealand, number 11 in Sweden, number 32 in Germany and number 78 in the United Kingdom.
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
The prime minister is not the head of state, but is the most important politician in Parliament. By tradition, the monarch of the United Kingdom chooses the prime minister. The monarch chooses the leader of the political party with enough votes to get laws passed in Parliament.
Rishi Sunak (Conservative Party) became prime minister on 25 October 2022.
Background
The prime minister is usually the leader of the political party which wins most seats after a general election. There are 650 are available in the United Kingdom. Voters vote for their own local member of parliament, not for the prime minister. Voters in their constituency choose their member of parliament. The prime minister is a member of parliament, and only voters in one constituency can vote for them.
The first prime minister was Robert Walpole in the eighteenth century. He was known as the "First Lord of the Treasury". The first person to be use the title "prime minister" officially was Henry Campbell-Bannerman in 1905.
Well-known prime ministers in the 20th century included David Lloyd George, Stanley Baldwin, Winston Churchill, Clement Attlee, Margaret Thatcher, and Tony Blair. The prime ministers usually live and work at 10 Downing Street or Chequers while in office. Chequers was donated to the country by Winston Churchill. There are several other official residences, some owned by the government, others held by trusts. The 3,500 acre Chevening House estate, in Kent is an example. Dorneywood is another.
Living former prime ministers
There are seven living former British prime ministers:
May Sabai Phyu
May Sabai Phyu (also May Sabe Phyu, born 5 August 1976) is an activist from Kachin state in Burma (Myanmar). She works for human rights, freedom of speech, peace, justice for Myanmar’s ethnic people. She works to stop violence against women. In 2015, she won the U.S. State Department's International Women of Courage Award.
Work
In 2008, May Sabai Phyu started the Women’s Protection Technical Working Group during Cyclone Nargis. After the storm, 14 out of every 100 families were headed by women, many of them widows. Because of this, more women were in the sex trade for money or food. The Working Group helped women to find housing, sex education, and jobs.
After the problems of the storm were ended, the Working Group became the Gender Equality Network. May Sabai Phyu was the Senior Coordinator. In 2012, this group helped the government write the National Strategic Plan for the Advancement of Women. The organization also works for gender equality and makes plans to stop violence against women and girls.
May Sabai Phyu is a leader of the Kachin Peace Network. She led a protest against the civil war between Myanmar Government troops and the Kachin Independence Army. She spoke at Human Rights Workshops in Myanmar for human rights and for the rights of people with disabilities.
Financial market
A financial market is a market in which people trade different assets at low trade costs. Some of these include stocks and bonds, natural materials and rare metals, which are known sometimes as commodities.
The word "market" is sometimes used for what is more like exchanges (trading) of stuff, and groups that help the trade in financial commodities, for example a stock trading or commodity trade. This can be a real on land location (such as the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), London Stock Exchange (LSE)) or an online electric system such as NASDAQ.
Herbignac
Herbignac is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.
Psychopathy
Many psychopaths are charming and often manage to have superficial ties with other people. They use other people for their own benefit. Psychopaths often show other antisocial behaviour as well, including sadism, violence and deception. They are very selfish and discard people whom they have no further use for. They may have many children by many partners.
The definition of psychopathy has varied. Different definitions are used. They only partly overlap and sometimes seem contradictory.
Sepp Maier
Club career statistics
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Psychopathy
There are efforts to use behaviour therapy to treat psychopaths; often, this may be done in prisons.
Sepp Maier
International career statistics
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Psychopathy
Some people are mislabeled as psychopaths, but have no problems with social norms, but they are good at influencing people. There is a difference between the sexes as to how psychopathy is shown. Men show it more more as an antisocial pattern of behaviour. In women it shows more as a histrionic pattern (excessive attention-seeking).
Amongst professional psychiatrists, psychopathy is known for being difficult to treat.
Fortification
Fortifications are military constructions and buildings designed for defense during war. People have constructed defensive works for many thousands of years, but the designs have become more and more complex. The term fortification comes from the Latin words fortis ("strong") and facere ("to make").
Many military installations are known as forts, although they are not always fortified. Larger forts may class as fortresses, smaller ones formerly often bore the name of fortalices. Some are castles. The word fortification can also mean the practice of improving an area's defense with defensive works. City walls are fortifications but not necessarily called fortresses.
Chang Jin-fu
Chang Jin-fu is a politician in the Republic of China. He was the Governor of Taiwan Province from 2009 to 2010.
Early life
Chang was born in Taipei County in 1948. He received his bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from National Taiwan University (NTU) in 1970 and his doctoral degree in electrical engineering and computer science from the University of California, Berkeley in United States in 1977.
Fortification
The last great system of fortification to be built was the Atlantic Wall.
Franklin Cleckley
Franklin Dorrah Cleckley (August 1, 1940 – August 14, 2017) was an American lawyer. He was the Arthur B. Hodges Professor of Law at West Virginia University College of Law. He taught at the law school from 1969 to 2013. He held the endowed professorship emeritus.
Cleckley was born in Huntington, West Virginia.
Cleckley became the first African-American to serve as a Justice on the West Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals, when Governor Gaston Caperton appointed him to the position in 1994. Justice Cleckley served on the Court until 1996.
Cleckley died at his home in Morgantown, West Virginia, on August 14, 2017, aged 77.
Acanthaceae
Acanthaceae is one of 23 families in the mint order of flowering plants containing approximately 230 genera and nearly 3,500 species distributed predominantly in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The greater part of the Acanthaceae family are herbs or shrubs, but climbers (vines) and trees occur as well. The range of habitats extends from marshes to extremely dry situations, but most of these plants are found in damp tropical forests.
Common descent
In evolutionary biology, a group of organisms have common descent if they have a common ancestor. There is strong support for the theory that all living organisms on Earth are descended from a common ancestor.
Charles Darwin proposed the theory of universal common descent through an evolutionary process in On the Origin of Species, saying, "There is a grandeur in this view of life, with its several powers, having been originally breathed into a few forms or into one". p490
The last universal ancestor (LUA) (or last universal common ancestor, LUCA), is the most recent common ancestor of all currently living organisms. It is believed to have appeared about 3.9 billion years ago.
History
In the 1740s, Pierre-Louis Maupertuis made the first known suggestion that all organisms may have had a common ancestor, and that they had diverged through random variation and struggle for existence. In Essai de Cosmologie, Maupertuis noted:
"Could one not say that, in the fortuitous combinations of the productions of nature, as there must be some characterized by a certain relation of fitness which are able to subsist, it is not to be wondered at that this fitness is present in all the species that are currently in existence? Chance, one would say, produced an innumerable multitude of individuals; a small number found themselves constructed in such a manner that the parts of the animal were able to satisfy its needs; in another infinitely greater number, there was neither fitness nor order: all of these latter have perished... The species we see today are but the smallest part of what blind destiny has produced..."
Common biochemistry and genetic code
All known forms of life are based on the same fundamental biochemical organisation.
Genetic information is encoded in DNA, and transcribed into RNA, then translated into proteins by (highly similar) ribosomes, with ATP, NADH and others as energy sources, etc.
The similarities include the energy carrier adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and the fact that all amino acids found in proteins are left-handed (chirality).
Furthermore, the genetic code (the "translation table" according to which DNA information is translated into proteins) is nearly identical for all known lifeforms, from bacteria to humans.
The universality of this code is generally regarded by biologists as definitive evidence in favor of the theory of universal common descent. Analysis of the small differences in the genetic code has also provided support for universal common descent. A statistical comparison of various alternative hypotheses has shown that universal common ancestry is significantly more probable than models involving multiple origins.
Phylogenetic trees
Another important piece of evidence is that it is possible to construct detailed phylogenetic trees (that is, "genealogic trees" of species) mapping out the proposed divisions and common ancestors of all living species. In 2010 an analysis of available genetic data, mapping them to phylogenetic trees, gave "firm quantitative support for the unity of life. ...there is now strong quantitative support, by a formal test, for the unity of life.
Last universal common ancestor
Some things are deduced about LUCA or LUA. It was not the very first cell, but one whose descendants survived beyond the very early stages of microbial evolution. On the basis of their presence in eubacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes, about 325 proteins were present in the LUCA.
These amino acids were probably the first to be built into proteins: alanine, asparagine, aspartic acid, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, serine, threonine, and valine. These amino acids were also found in spark tube simulations, and analysis of the Murchison meteorite. The other amino acids, later additions to the genetic code, include several of the most complex amino acids.
A 2018 study from the University of Bristol, using a molecular clock model, puts the LUCA shortly after 4.5 billion years ago, in the Hadean era.
Bob Stokoe
Bob Stokoe (21 September 1930 – 1 February 2004) was an English footballer and football manager.
In 1955, he won an FA Cup winner's medal with Newcastle United.
Takahiro Yamaguchi
Takahiro Yamaguchi (born 8 May 1984) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Shonan Bellmare.
Club career statistics
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Damietta Governorate
Damietta Governorate (محافظة دمياط Muḥāfẓet Dumyat) is one of the governorates of Egypt. It is in the northeastern part of Egypt. It has a population of about 1 million. The city of Damietta is its capital.
The city of Damietta is famous for its guava farms, and for the palm trees from Ras El Bar in the east to Gamasa in the west. The governorate exports millions of palm trees to many countries every year, including Greece and China. Damietta also produces wheat, maize, cotton, rice, potatoes, lemon, grapes and tomatoes. It is famous for its sweet industry, sardine packing, and Domiati cheese. Ras El Bar is one of the oldest summer resorts in Egypt. It is at the point where the Nile meets the Mediterranean Sea.
Population
According to population estimates from 2015, most residents in the governorate live in rural areas. Only 38.7% live in urban areas. About 1,330,843 people live in the governorate. There are 815,244 people in rural areas and 515,599 in urban areas.
Furniture industry
The city of Damietta is famous for its skilled carpenters and furniture. Their products are sold in Egypt, and throughout the Middle East, Europe and the USA. Eighty percent of the governorate's income comes from furniture.
Reinbek
Reinbek is a town in Stormarn in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is part of the Hamburg Metropolitan Region.
Reinbek was first mentioned in 1226 and was given city rights in 1952.
Twin towns
Reinbek is twinned with:
Geüs-d'Oloron
Geüs-d'Oloron is a commune of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques département in the southwestern part of France.
Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams
Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams (shortened to CD&V) is a Flemish political party in Belgium. It belongs to the political ideology of the Christian democrats.
Accuracy and precision
The accuracy and precision of measurements have special meanings in the fields of science, engineering, industry and statistics.
A measurement system can be accurate but not precise, precise but not accurate, neither, or both. For example, if an experiment contains a error in the way it is done, then increasing the sample size generally increases precision but does not improve accuracy. The end result would be a consistent, yet inaccurate, set of results from the flawed experiment. Eliminating the systematic error improves accuracy but does not change precision.
A measurement system is valid if it is both accurate and precise. Related terms include bias (non-random or directed effects caused by a factor or factors unrelated to the independent variable) and error (random variability).
Related topics
The terminology is also applied to indirect measurements—that is, values obtained by a computational procedure from observed data.
In addition to accuracy and precision, measurements may also have a measurement resolution, which is the smallest change in the underlying physical quantity that produces a response in the measurement.
Different meanings of 'precision'
The word "precision" also refers to how fine the measurement is made, as the resolution of the measurement, such as to the nearest meter, centimeter, or yard, foot, inch, or nanometer.
In the case of full reproducibility, such as when rounding a number to a representable floating point number, the word precision has a meaning not related to reproducibility. For example, in the IEEE 754-2008 standard, it means the number of bits in the significand (number of digits in the amount), so it is used as a measure for the relative accuracy with which a number can be shown.
Héric
Héric is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.
Defense
Defense or defence may refer to:
Roger Chassat
Roger Chassat is a sports shooter from France. Chassat competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics. He was born on 7 January 1963.
Kaireima
Khuman Chanu Khayoiron Kaireima (Khuman Chanu Khayoilon Kaileima) was a Queen of Ancient Manipur (Antique Kangleipak). She is the consort of King Naophangba (427 AD-517 AD or 1825 MF-1915 MF) of the Ningthouja dynasty and the princess of the Khuman dynasty. She is the daughter of Waklen Tongyai ("Kacheng Khuyee Yaaba"), the younger brother of King Yoirangpok Punshiba, who ruled in the Khuman kingdom with Thoubal as its capital. Along with Naophangba, she mothered King Sameirang (517 AD-567 AD or 1915 MF-1965 MF) of the Ningthouja dynasty. For being the mother of a king, her name was recorded in the Chada Laihui, besides the Cheitharol Kumbaba and the Ningthourol Lambuba.
Tussenhausen
Tussenhausen is a municipality in Unterallgäu in Bavaria, Germany.
Issé
Issé is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.
Sexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction is how most animals and plants reproduce. Some protists and fungi also reproduce this way. Organisms that reproduce sexually have two different sexes: male and female.
In sexual reproduction, offspring are produced when sperms fertilise eggs from the female. Various steps are involved in this process.
Cell biology
The cells of an animal or higher plant have two sets of chromosomes: they are diploid. When gametes (sex cells) are produced, they have only one set of chromosomes: they are haploid. They have undergone a process of cell division called "reduction division" or meiosis. Two things happen during meiosis, each of which makes the offspring more variable. That means they are different from the parents and from each other.
Assortment
Assortment is when the double set of chromosomes becomes a single set in each gamete. Of each pair of chromosomes, which one goes into a single gamete is random. Because the gene alleles on each chromosome are not always the same, this means that there is genetic variation between gametes. This process was Mendel's 'first law', the law of segregation.
Crossing over
Because crossing over occurs during meiosis, this increases the variety of the chromosomes. This makes recombination possible.
Assortment and crossing over makes it certain that normally no two offspring of the same mother and father are identical. Identical twins are the exception. They are identical genetically because they developed from the same fertilised egg.
Advantages and disadvantages
There are advantages and disadvantages of sexual reproduction, compared to asexual reproduction. The main issues are:
Origin of sexual reproduction
The origin of sexual reproduction is an advanced topic which cannot be dealt with here. A source which may help readers who are graduates in biological science may be helpful.
Narragansett Bay
Narragansett Bay is a coastal body of water next to southern Rhode Island. It is on the north side of the Rhode Island Sound. The bay forms New England's largest estuary.
Anne Shirley
Dawn Evelyeen Paris (also: Anne Shirley; April 17, 1918 – July 4, 1993) was an American movie actress. She played Jeanne in Chasing Yesterday. She also played Jenny Yates in Chatterbox.
Narragansett Bay
There are over 30 islands in the bay. The three largest ones are Aquidneck Island, Conanicut Island and Prudence Island.
Providence, Rhode Island's capital and largest city, is just to the north of Narragansett Bay. Newport is on the southeast side of the bay.
Anne Shirley
Under the name Dawn O'Day, Shirley was a child actress.
Shirley was born in New York City. She died from lung cancer at age seventy-five.
Coppa Italia
Coppa Italia is an annual Italian football cup competition. The 2017 Coppa Italia was played between Lazio and Juventus at the Stadio Olimpico in Rome, Italy, which saw Juventus winning by 2-0.
Türkheim
Türkheim is a municipality in Unterallgäu in Bavaria, Germany. The neighboring places of Türkheim are Ettringen, Berg, Rammingen, Irsingen, Wiedergeltingen and Amberg. The administrative collectivity of Türkheim administrate Türkheim and Irsingen. The town is seat of a municipal association with Amberg, Rammingen and Wiedergeltingen.
A subcamp of Dachau was once placed here.
Gesneriaceae
Gesneriaceae is a one of 23 families in the order Lamiales of flowering plant, consisting of 147 genera and about 3,200 species of mostly tropical and subtropical herbaceous or slightly woody plants. Many are of economic importance as horticultural ornamentals. Among these are the African violets and gloxinias.
Novella
A novella is a book shorter than a novel, but longer than a short story. Sometimes it is also called a novellette.
It's Tricky
"It's Tricky" is the fourth and final single released from Run-DMC's third album, Raising Hell. It was released early in 1987 through Profile Records and was co-produced by Rick Rubin and the group themselves.
The song peaked at No. 57 on the Billboard Hot 100 and No. 21 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.
A Touch of Paradise
"A Touch of Paradise" is a 1982 song by Australian rock band Mondo Rock for their third studio album Nuovo Mondo. The better known is the John Farnham version and was released from his 12th studio album Whispering Jack. It went to number 27 in Australia and number 47 in New Zealand.
Vodka
Things that are made into vodka
Vodka can be made from different things:
The process to make vodka is:
Unlike cognac or whisky, vodka is not usually matured in barrels, but bottled immediately. Some Scandinavian vodkas called akvavit (Latin aqua vitae, "water of life") are matured in oak barrels before they are bottled. When the vodka is bottled, it is ready for drinking.
History
Most people think the name vodka comes from the Slavic word for water in its diminutive form, "little water". The earliest mention of Vodka in Poland is in 1405. The Russians are known to have first used the word in June 8, 1751. It is not known if it was the Russians or the Poles who made the first drinks that could be classified as vodka, as sources provide various views on this topic (though it's important to remember that the first mention of the word "vodka" in Cyrillic refers to a medicinal drink bought by the merchants of Kievan Rus from Poland). It is also worth noting that vodka was first used as medicine. When it became a popular drink, it was first known in Polish as gorzałka - from the Old Polish word gorzeć, meaning burn. At first, gorzałka was a people's drink, but in the Slavic countries it soon became common among the nobility as well. it is worth noting that the common Ukrainian word for vodka is horilka which bears an extremely close resemblance to the Polish gorzalka. Both words roots have the same meaning (hority - to burn; gorzeć, also to burn)
Different kinds of vodka
There are two basic kinds of Vodka: clear vodka and flavored vodka. Some types of vodka have plants or herbs added to the unflavored vodka to make it taste better. Contrary to popular belief, flavoured vodka is not new - it has been a part of Polish drinking tradition for centuries. It is only relatively recently in history that clear and flavoured vodkas have found their way to Western countries such as the UK or US.
How vodka is consumed
Vodka is either drunk pure, or cocktails are made with it. The simplest form of cocktail is to mix it with orange or lemon juice. Usually, vodka is drunk during a longer meal. Usually salty or sour things (not sweets) are served. In Poland and Russia (as well as some of their neighbours, such as Ukraine or Lithuania), vodka is drunk from glasses that can hold about 100 grams (0,1 litres) of vodka. The glass is usually emptied in one draught, while holding the breath. Directly afterwards something small is eaten. In most Eastern European countries it is consumed with pickled cucumbers. Before drinking, a toast is given.
Cultural
Vodka is a key element of Slavic tradition in some countries of Eastern Europe (especially Poland, Belarus, Ukraine and Russia). It has also spread to become a part of national culture in Baltic countries like Lithuania and Nordic countries like Sweden. It's traditional in Russia and other Slavic countries (as well as some Roma communities in Eastern Europe) to put a glass of vodka with a slice of bread (usually black bread) on top on graves or near photos of the deceased in their memory. This is similar to what people in Western countries do with flowers.
Lucía Hiriart
María Lucía Hiriart Rodríguez (10 December 1923 – 16 December 2021), also known as Lucía Hiriart de Pinochet, was the wife of former Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet. She was First Lady of Chile from 1973 to 1990. She was born in Antofagasta, Chile.
On 30 December 2018, Hiriart was hospitalized after falling at her home in Santiago de Chile. She fractured her arm and multiple ribs.
Jans
Jans is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.
Lucía Hiriart
Hiriart died in Santiago de Chile on 16 December 2021 from cardiopulmonary arrest caused by heart disease, six days after her 98th birthday.
Gotein-Libarrenx
Gotein-Libarrenx is a commune of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques département in the southwestern part of France.
Colleen Dewhurst
Colleen Dewhurst (June 3, 1924 – August 22, 1991) was an American and Canadian actress. She played Helen Benson in Man on a String. She also played Monique in The Last Run. She was also a stage actress.
Dewhurst was born in Montreal, Quebec. She died in South Salem, New York of cervical cancer at the age of 67.
Ungerhausen
Ungerhausen is a municipality in Unterallgäu in Bavaria, Germany. The town has a municipal association with Memmingerberg.
Norwegian Air Shuttle
Norwegian is one of the largest airlines in the world. It is based in Norway. Its headquarters are at Bærum, near Oslo.
Map projection
A map projection is a way of showing the surface of a three-dimensional sphere on a flat surface. Such projections are necessary to create maps. The problem with projections is that they change the surface in some way; this is called distortion. Depending on the purpose of the map, some distortions may be less bad. This is why cartographer s use different mathematical projections for different maps.
Carl Friedrich Gauss showed that is not possible to project the surface of a sphere to a plane, without distorting it. This theorem is known as Theorema egregium today.
To understand the projections, it is easier to imagine a light source, a globe, and another geometric object. The light source shines "a shadow" of each point of the globe onto the geometric object. At the end the surface of the geometric object is unrolled, this yields the map. It is possible to tell the projections apart by the type of helper object used.
Yuki Igari
Yuki Igari (born 7 April 1988) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Shonan Bellmare.
Goès
Goès is a commune of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques département in the southwestern part of France.
Woody Stephens
Woody Stephens (September 1, 1913 – August 22, 1998) was an American horse racing trainer that was put into the hall of fame in 1976.
Camberwell railway station (England)
Camberwell is a closed railway station in Camberwell, South London, England. It was opened in 1862 by the London, Chatham and Dover Railway. It closed to passengers in 1916 and closed to all traffic in 1964. In 2018, local campaigners raised a 2,000 signature petition to re-open the station.
Leprosy
Leprosy is a contagious disease. It has been known for a very long time. Today, it is mostly called Hansen's disease, named after the person who discovered the bacterium, Gerhard Armauer Hansen. It is caused by a bacterium, Mycobacterium leprae. A person with leprosy is called a leper.
As of 2004, the estimated number of new infections was about 400,000.
Getting the disease is hard, since it requires close contact with someone who has it, over a long period of time. In addition, about 95% of people seem to be naturally immune to it.
Most cases of leprosy occur in India, and other developing countries. It has known to have been in the US before. There are practically no cases of leprosy in the developed world. This is because there are excellent drugs and people regularly take antibiotics which will kill the leprosy bacteria.
In former times, leprosy was seen as a divine punishment for sins committed.
Symptoms
The symptoms of leprosy are irregular spots and patches on the skin. These are either lighter colored than the surrounding skin, or reddish in color. On those patches, hair will fall out, and they will feel numb to the patient. Nerves will form knots there. With the illness progressing the sense of touch will become less and less (until the patient feels completely numb). So called leptomes and ulcers will eat away the skin, the flesh and the organs on the patches.
Usually people do not die of leprosy, but of secondary infections and diseases they get.
For many years there was a leprosy colony on the Hawaiian Island of Molokai called Kalaupapa. Tens of thousands of people from the United States that had the disease were sent there.
Sinchi Roca
Sinchi Roca, the second of fourteen Inca rulers of Peru, was the son of the founder of the Kingdom of Cusco. Sinchi Roca's parents arose from the waters of Lake Titicaca. According to legendary belief, During his time as an emperor, Sinchi Roca led his family to live in the valley of Cusco, and shortly afterwards, he built a territorial division of his territory and became an initiator of the first census of the Inca population and then established a law which required all people of the Inca ethnic group living in the Kingdom of Cusco, to pierce their ears as a sign of nobility. Many years later, Sinchi Roca died and was buried near Cusco, and thus ended his reign. Mama Cura was the wife of Sinchi Roca.
List of New England hurricanes
Hurricanes and tropical storms have been recorded in New England since the 17th century. But such storms have hit the region since long before then. The New England States are Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont.
Before 19th century
August 25, 1635: The Great Colonial Hurricane of 1635 hits New England. Forty-six people are killed. (Note: The word hurricane was not yet in American English at that time).
September 1775: The 1775 Newfoundland hurricane brought very strong winds to New England.
Bernard Stiegler
Bernard Stiegler (1 April 1952 – 6 August 2020) was a French philosopher. He was head of the Institut de recherche et d'innovation (IRI), which he founded in 2006 at the Centre Georges-Pompidou. His best known work was Technics and Time, 1: The Fault of Epimetheus and Echographies of Television. He was born in Seine-et-Oise, France.
Stiegler died on 6 August 2020 in Paris at the age of 68.
Carmine Benincasa
Carmine Benincasa (17 December 1947 – 3 August 2020) was an Italian art critic, philosopher and editor. He was an art historian professor. Benincasa was born in Eboli, Italy.
He was a professor of art history at the Accademia di Belle Arti di Macerata, the Academy of Fine Arts in Florence and Professor of History of Art at the Faculty of Architecture of the University La Sapienza in Rome.
List of New England hurricanes
Before 19th century
November 1, 1778: A late-season hurricane struck Cape Cod, Massachusetts. It killed 50-70 people.
Carmine Benincasa
From 1978 to 1982 he was a member of the Venice Biennale Visual Arts Committee.
Benincasa died on 3 August 2020 at the age of 72.
List of New England hurricanes
19th century
The 1804 Snow hurricane affected certain areas of New England. It generated snow in some parts of the Northeastern U.S.
September 23-24, 1815: The 1815 New England hurricane struck New England. It had an 11-foot storm surge. The storm killed 38 people.September 4, 1821: The 1821 Norfolk and Long Island hurricane cut through western New England. The storm killed 17 people.
September 8, 1869: A Category 3 hurricane struck Rhode Island. It caused several deaths in the New England region.
October 4-6, 1869: The 1869 Saxby Gale struck Cape Cod and Martha's Vineyard as a Category 2 hurricane. It also struck Maine as a Category 1. The storm killed 37 people.
20th century
September 21, 1938: The 1938 New England hurricane struck central New England. The storm killed over 600 people. It caused over $400 million in damage. In particular, it came ashore in Connecticut.