cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Seanad Éireann
Function
Seanad Éireann slows Dáil Éireann. All bills must be looked at by the Seannad, so it is a safeguard against laws being passed too quickly.
Seanad Éireann also debates important issues. Also, Seanad Éireann can debate these issues with more freedom because the fate of the Government will not be at stake. If the government loses a vote in Seanad Éireann it could be embarrassing, but under the constitution if the Government loses a vote in Dáil Éireann they might have to call new elections.
Election day Members of Dáil Éireann are members from the first meeting of Dáil Éireann after a general election until the Dáil is dissolved. Members of Seanad Éireann are members from the first meeting until the day before the next general election of the Seanad.
Elections for Dáil Éireann must be within 30 days of being dissolved. Elections for the Seanad must be within 90 days of Dáil Éireann's dissolution. The Seanad must be elected after the Dáil, because new TDs are allowed to vote in a Seanad election.
Members
There are sixty Senators.
Elected Senators
At least 5 senators must be elected from each panel, but no more than 11 from any one panel.
About 1.000 people can vote for the Seanad:
The senators from the Universities are elected by any Irish citizen with a degree from that university.
The university seats shows how much Éamon de Valera, who wrote the Constitution of Ireland was influenced by the British Parliament. At the time it was written the universities of Oxford and Cambridge had their own MPs in the House of Commons. Graduates of those universities voted for these MPs as well as for the MP were they lived.
Great Leap Forward
The Great Leap Forward was a plan that was created to increase China's economy and industry. It was started by the Communist leader Chairman Mao Zedong in 1958 and it ended in 1961. The Great Leap Forward failed to bring industrialization and the famine that it created killed millions of people. Some people think it to be the biggest famine in history.
Agriculture and farms
Mao wanted China to be able to make food for the country and make food to export; he also wanted China to produce a lot of goods. He started the Great Leap Forward to do this. Some people were forced to give their land to the government. Many people had to work on farms for the government, that were also called agricultural cooperatives. Later, these cooperative s were put together to involve thousands of people. In 1958, ninety-eight percent (98%) of people who worked on farms were in these cooperatives.
People believed that planting plants close together was good. However, crops did not grow as well when they were close together. This led to lower grain harvests in 1959. After that the harvests were bad also because resources were not used well. This lasted at least until 1961.
Industry
The change in China was put on a schedule. Mao wanted China to have a greater industrial output than Britain in fifteen years. He later shortened this to one year. If people did not like the fast pace of the schedule, they were usually killed. By 1958, 5 thousand people were killed because they did not agree with the government.
Because the government spent a lot of money on industry, the country increased its debt. In order to meet production goals, many people built blast furnaces in their backyard. They would then try to make iron for tools. However, this did not work very well. People ended up melting good things, turning them into unusable things.
Famine
Leaders competed with each other to see who could make the most things. This led the farms to be forgotten. Leaders would also lie about the amount of crops being grown. They would tell the government that they were making more than they actually were. In 1959, the country began running out of food. This is because they sold their grain to other countries. This problem was made worse because the output of farms was decreasing. People were also not allowed to leave the areas they were living in. That meant that they could not look for food in other places. Some villages had one-fourth or one-third of people dying in them. Girls and old people were underfed. Infants and the very old were the first to die.
The famine is thought to have killed between 16.5 million and 40 million people.
Aftermath
The government tried to stop the famine by cancelling orders for technology. Instead, they imported food for people to eat. However, the economy of China continued to fall after the end of the Great Leap Forward. Workers were stressed, and the Soviet Union took away its support of China. Mao used the Cultural Revolution to punish those he claimed caused the failure.
Aurochs
The aurochs, or urus, (Bos primigenius) was a large species of cattle. The aurochs used to be common in Europe. It is extinct now. It was a wild animal, not a domesticated animal. The extinct aurochs/urus is a not the same species as the wisent (the European bison).
According to the Paleontologisk Museum, University of Oslo, aurochs developed in India some two million years ago, came into the Middle East and farther into Asia, and reached Europe about 250,000 years ago. People once thought that they were a different species from modern European cattle (Bos taurus). Today, people think that aurochs and modern cattle are the same species.
Aurochs also had several features not often seen in modern cattle, such as lyre-shaped horns set at a forward angle, a pale stripe down the spine, and different color according to the gender. Males were black with a pale stripe down the spine, while females and calves were reddish (these colours are still found in a few domesticated cattle breeds, such as Jersey cattle). Aurochs were also known to have very aggressive behaviour, and killing one was seen as an act of courage in ancient cultures.
Subspecies
At one time there were three aurochs subspecies, namely Bos primigenius namadicus (Falconer, 1859) that occurred in India, the Bos primigenius mauretanicus (Thomas, 1881) from North Africa and the Bos primigenius primigenius (Bojanus, 1827) from Europe and the Middle East. Only the European subspecies survived until recent times.
Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty
Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons Of Liberty is an action stealth video game created by Konami Computer Entertainment Japan and published by Konami for the PlayStation 2 in 2001. It is the 4th Metal Gear game produced and directed by Kojima and the second to Metal Gear Solid. Its release was followed by an extended edition, Metal Gear Solid 2: Substance for PlayStation 2, Xbox and Windows. Two main characters including Solid Snake (Iroquois Pliskin, who people assume he died in Shadow Moses) and Raiden, whose code-name was Snake and was changed, because the terrorist leader who called themselves Sons Of Liberty was Solidus Snake.
I'm Just a Singer (In a Rock and Roll Band)
"I'm Just a Singer (In a Rock and Roll Band)" is second single from their 8th studio album Seventh Sojourn. It was released with its B-side For My Lady. It went to number 4 in the Netherlands, number 12 in the United States, number 16 in Canada, number 36 in the United Kingdom and number 39 in Australia.
Bernardo Silva
Bernardo Mota Veiga de Carvalho e Silva (born 10 August 1994), known as Bernardo Silva or simply Bernardo, is a Portuguese football player. He plays as an attacking midfielder or a winger for Manchester City and the Portugal national team.
Dear God (XTC song)
"Dear God" is a 1987 song by British rock band XTC and is an A-side to their single Grass. It is a non-album single from the band. It went to number 99 in the United Kingdom.
Béla Bartók
Béla Bartók (b. Nagyszentimiklós, Hungary, 25 March 1881; d. New York City 26 September 1945) was a famous Hungarian composer and pianist. He was one of the most important and original composers of the 20th century. He became very interested in folk music and travelled a lot in Hungary and other countries, including Romania, listening to the folk songs which the country people sang. He often used the style of these songs in his music. He is famous for his piano music, string quartets and several pieces for orchestra including one called Concerto for Orchestra. Bartók’s harmonies and lively rhythms were sometimes quite new to classical music and some audiences found them difficult to understand at first.
Childhood and early years
Béla was often ill when he was a child. When he was seven his father died, and his mother took him and his sister to live in Nagyszőlős (today it is called Vinogradiv and is in the Ukraine), and then to Pozsony (today it is Bratislava in Slovakia). There he gave his first public recital when he was eleven. He included some music which he had composed himself.
Early musical career
Soon he was studying the piano with István Thoman who had studied with the famous Franz Liszt. He had lessons in composition from János Koessler at the Royal Academy of Music in Budapest. There he met the composer Zoltán Kodály, who was a great influence on him and who became a lifelong friend.
Bartók and Kodály travelled together into the countryside to collect and study old Hungarian folk melodies. People in those days thought that real Magyar (old Hungarian) folk music was Gypsy music. Bartók and Kodály showed that there were other traditions beside these. They found music which used pentatonic scales similar to those used in some parts of Asia. The two composers started to use these folk ideas in their own compositions. Kodály often quoted (copied) actual folk songs in his own music, while Bartók preferred to compose music which sounded like folksong without actually copying it.
Middle years and career
In 1909, Bartók married Márta Ziegler. Their son, also named Béla, was born in 1910.
In 1911, Bartók wrote his only opera, Bluebeard's Castle. There are only two singers in the opera: Bluebeard and his wife Judith. He also wrote a ballet called The Wooden Prince. This started to make him famous abroad. Another ballet, The Miraculous Mandarin, is even more famous today. It shows the influence of Igor Stravinsky, Arnold Schoenberg, as well as Richard Strauss. He wrote a lot of chamber music including a total of 6 string quartets, 2 violin sonatas and a Sonata for Two Pianos and Percussion. He wrote some pieces for smaller orchestras: Divertimento for strings and Music for Strings, Percussion and Celesta.
Bartók divorced Márta in 1923, and married a piano student, Ditta Pásztory. His second son, Péter, was born in 1924.
World War II and later career
When World War II broke out Bartók criticized the Nazis. After they came into power in Germany, he refused to give concerts there and did not use his German publisher. His political ideas gave him a great deal of trouble in Hungary.
Bartók did not feel comfortable in the US, and found it very difficult to compose. He was also not very well known in America, and not many people were interested in his music. He and his wife Ditta gave concerts, and for a while, they were given some money to work on a collection of Yugoslav folk songs. They did not have very much money, although he had some friends who gave them enough to live on. Serge Koussevitsky asked him to write the  Concerto for Orchestra . This soon became Bartók's most popular work, and brought him some money. He was also asked by Yehudi Menuhin to write a Sonata for Solo Violin. This seemed to make him interested again in composing, and he went on to write his Piano Concerto No. 3 and began work on his  Viola Concerto.
Bartók died by polycythemia in New York City from on 26 September 1945, aged 64. He left the Viola Concerto unfinished at his death; it was later finished by his pupil Tibor Serly.
Songbird
Songbirds are the main group of birds in the order Passeriformes. They are the suborder Passeri, sometimes called 'oscines' (Latin for songbird). They are a genuine clade.
There are about 4000 species of songbird. Their syrinx (vocal organ) is able to produce varied and beautiful singing. They are a very successful group of birds, in fact they are the dominant birds on Earth today.
Song
Their song is mainly territorial: it communicates the identity and whereabouts of an individual to other birds of the same species. It also signals sexual intentions. Female preference in some populations is based on the extent of a male's song repertoire. The larger a male's repertoire, the more females a male individual attracts.
Corvida
This is now known to be a paraphyletic group and so it is not used in modern systematics.
Passerida
This is accepted as a clade.
Odael Marcos
Odael Marcos is a retired handball player from Cuba. Marcos competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics. He was born on 9 March 1973.
Forthbank Stadium
Forthbank Stadium is a football stadium in Stirling, Scotland. It opened in 1993. It has been the home ground of Scottish Professional Football League club Stirling Albion since then. Since 2013 it has also hosted the first team matches of Lowland Football League team University of Stirling.
Juan González
Juan González is a handball player from Cuba. González competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics. He was born on 24 July 1974.
List of Singapore LRT stations
The LRT systems are intra-town loops, shuttle services, or both. The routes may not run in sequence of the stations' alpha-numeric codes.
Paint It Black
"Paint It Black" is a song by the Rolling Stones. The Rolling Stones are an English rock band. Keith Richards and Mick Jagger wrote the song. It is a rock song. It is inspired by Indian music. London Recordings released the song as a single in the United States on 7 May 1966. Decca Records released the single in the United Kingdom on 13 May 1966. Later, "Paint It Black" was the first song on the American version of Aftermath (1966). The song is not on the UK version of the album.
The song is based on music that Brian Jones made on the sitar. All five members of the Rolling Stones helped make the song. However, only Jagger and Richards were listed as songwriters for the song. "Paint It Black" is different from many other songs made by the band. It has musical instruments that people do not use a lot in rock music. They are the sitar, organ, and castanets. The song had good and bad reviews from music critics. Some people thought the band was copying the Beatles by making music with the sitar.
"Paint It Black" was very successful. It was number one on the Billboard Hot 100 music chart for eleven weeks. It was also number one on music charts in the UK. When the song was released again in 2007, it was on the UK Singles Chart for eleven weeks. It was the band's third number one single in the US. It was the band's sixth number one single in the UK. "Paint It Black" was platinum certified by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI).
The song was put in the Grammy Hall of Fame in 2018. Rolling Stone magazine ranked the song 213 on a list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. Many people who make music have made cover versions of "Paint It Black". It has been on many of the band's compilation albums. The band plays "Paint It Black" at many of their concerts.
Background
In 1965, the Rolling Stones were becoming more popular. They had many songs that were popular around the world. Mick Jagger and Keith Richards wrote most of these songs. Earlier, in 1964, they were one of the most popular bands in the United Kingdom. However, they were less popular in the United States. Other British bands, such as the Beatles, the Who, and the Kinks, were more popular in the US. In 1965, the Rolling Stones made the song "(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction". This song was number one on American music charts. The album it was on, Out of Our Heads, was also number one on the Billboard 200. The Rolling Stones made more successful songs, such as "Get Off of My Cloud" (1965) and "19th Nervous Breakdown" (1966).
Allen Klein, an American businessman, saw that the band was becoming more popular in the US. He managed them in the United States. Andrew Loog Oldham was still the main manager of the band. Klein made Decca Records give the band $1.2 million in royalty payments. This was the first time the band had a lot of money from making music. They spent the money on many things, such as new cars and houses.
Many people compared the Rolling Stones to the Beatles. Both of them were popular British rock bands. Oldham advertised the Rolling Stones as a more intense version of the Beatles. However, the Beatles made more meaningful music. Because of this, they were very influential. Both bands were important parts of the British Invasion. Because of their music, they were part of the counterculture of the 1960s.
Making the song
The Rolling Stones were changing when "Paint It Black" was made. Mick Jagger and Keith Richards were writing more music for the band. Early albums by the Rolling Stones only had a few songs made by Jagger and Richards. However, newer albums such as Out of Our Heads had many songs written by them. Jagger and Richards wrote every song on Aftermath (1966). Brian Jones, the person that made and led the band for many years, thought he was becoming less important.
Jones had less control over the band's music because of Jagger and Richards. This was because Jagger and Richards wrote many of the band's most popular songs. Jones was bored of writing songs that had normal rock music. He played different instruments, such as the sitar. He wanted to make the band's music sound more unique. Jones learned how to play the sitar quickly. He had studied music with Harihar Rao, a sitar player, in the past. Rao had worked with Ravi Shankar, a famous Indian sitar player. Many other British bands used the sitar in their music, such as the Yardbirds. In 1965, the Beatles released Rubber Soul. One of the songs on this album, "Norwegian Wood (This Bird Has Flown)", had sitar music in it. In October 1965, Jones talked with George Harrison. Harrison was the guitar player for the Beatles. Jones played the sitar more after talking to him. He made basic songs with it. One of these songs became the sitar music in "Paint It Black".
Writing and recording
Jagger and Richards wrote most of the song while recording music in December 1965. They also wrote parts of it while they were at concerts in 1966. The band planned to make an album named Could You Walk on the Water? The band announced that the album would be released in March. A spokesperson for Decca Records said that they were not going to release an album with that name. They did not want Christians to get mad at the album's name, because it was about Jesus Christ walking on water.
Because of the title, the Rolling Stones delayed the album's release to April 1966. This delay gave them more time to make music for the album. The new title for it was Aftermath. "Paint It Black" was recorded on 6 and 9 March 1966 in Los Angeles, California. Andrew Loog Oldham produced the song. The band also recorded many of the other songs on Aftermath on these days.
Music
"Paint It Black" was first written as a pop song in the minor key. The band did not like this version of the song. At first, they did not want to put it on their next album. During a break, Bill Wyman played the organ. He wanted to make a lower bass sound for the song. Wyman's organ music inspired the pentatonic melody in "Paint It Black".
In 1995, Jagger said "Paint It Black" was a "kind of Turkish song". James E. Perone, a music professor, has said that the rhythm and music from the sitar on the song sound more Middle Eastern than Indian. The end of the song has acoustic guitar music played by Richards. Many music critics have said "Paint It Black" is raga rock or psychedelic rock. Perone said the song was very different from the rest of their music. Most of their other music is blues and rock-and-roll. Other songs on Aftermath, such as "Stupid Girl" and "Lady Jane", were also different.
The song describes someone who is sad because of their spouse's death. Other people think the song also means different things, such as the Vietnam War or drug use. Robert Christgau, a music critic, has said that "Paint It Black" is an example of the band changing their music. He said that Jagger and Richards were the 2nd-best songwriting partners in rock. He put them behind John Lennon and Paul McCartney.
Release
London Records released "Paint It Black" as a single in the US on 7 May 1966. Decca Records released it on 13 May in the UK. The single was released with the song "Long, Long While" in the UK. This song was not on any of the band's studio albums. When the song was released, its writing was credited to "Jagger-Richard". This is because Oldham told Keith Richards to use the last name "Richard" on music the Rolling Stones made in the 1960s. Later releases of the song have its writing credited to "Jagger-Richards".
In the US, the single was released with the song "Stupid Girl". "Paint It Black" and "Stupid Girl" are on the US version of Aftermath. "Paint It Black" is not on the UK version of the album. On the US version of the album, "Paint It Black" is the first song. It replaces "Mother's Little Helper". This is the first song on the UK version of the album. "Stupid Girl" is the second song on both versions of Aftermath.
The song was first released with the name "Paint It, Black". This name is not correct. Decca Records made a mistake when writing the song's name on the album. The Rolling Stones played "Paint It Black" on the Ed Sullivan Show on 11 September 1966.
In the UK, the first album "Paint It Black" was released on was Big Hits (High Tide and Green Grass). This was a compilation album released in 1966. Many other compilation albums made by the band had "Paint It Black" on them. Many live albums made by the Rolling Stones also have the song.
Legacy
When music critics first listened to the song, some of them thought it was good, and some thought it was bad. Some thought the band was copying the Beatles by making sitar music. When asked about this, Jones said it was "rubbish". He compared it to the fact that many rock bands use the guitar, but make different types of music.
Jones' sitar music on the song inspired many other people to make psychedelic music. Writers for Melody Maker said the song would "send the Stones back to number one", and thought it was good. A writer for another British music magazine said Jagger's singing was "better than ever", but did not like the sitar music. Keith Altham from New Musical Express (NME) said it was the band's best single since "(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction". A writer for Billboard said "Paint It Black" was one of the best songs on Aftermath, and it was going to be a hit song. Many other music writers have said the song was ahead of its time, and inspired new blues, rock, and punk music.
Almost 400 cover versions of "Paint It Black" have been made. Some music makers that have made cover versions of the song are U2, Vanessa Carlton, War, and Ciara. It has been put on many lists of the best songs ever made, such as ones made by Rolling Stone, Pitchfork and NME. The song was put in the Grammy Hall of Fame in 2018. It is number 213 on Rolling Stone's list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.
Sales
In the UK, "Paint It Black" went to the number one spot on national music charts. It was on the Record Retailer music chart for ten weeks. The song was the Rolling Stones' sixth number one song in the UK. The band sold 300,000 copies of the single one week after it was released. In 2007, the song was released again. It went onto the UK Singles Chart for eleven weeks. In Germany, "Paint It Black" went to the number two spot on national music charts. The single was also popular in other countries in Europe, such as Austria, Norway, Ireland and Spain. In 2007, the re-release of the single was number 49 on Germany's national music chart.
When it was released, "Paint It Black" was number 48 on the Billboard Hot 100. After three weeks, the song was number one on the music chart. It stayed number one for two weeks. It was the band's third number one single in the US. It was the first song with sitar music to be number one in the US. By June 1966, the band had sold more than one million copies of the single. "Paint It Black" stayed on the Billboard Hot 100 for 11 weeks. The single helped Aftermath go higher on music charts in the US.
Personnel
According to authors Andy Babiuk and Greg Prevost, except where noted:
Scandinavia
Scandinavia is a group of countries in northern Europe. Scandinavia has Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. Some people also think Finland is part of Scandinavia. Others also say Iceland and the Faroe Islands should count. Most of the time, "Scandinavia" is used to mean places where people speak Scandinavian languages, also called North Germanic languages or Nordic. The Scandinavian languages (Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Icelandic, and Faroese) are very similar to each other, and many Scandinavians understand parts of the other languages because they are alike in some ways. Finnish is not part of the North Germanic language group.
Paint It Black
Personnel
The Rolling Stones
Scandinavia
What people mean when they say "Scandinavia" depends on what they think is important at the time. When people want to talk about about maps, natural land formations and how the economy works, they may say Finland is part of Scandinavia but Iceland is not. When people want to talk about history and what languages people speak, they say Iceland is part of Scandinavia but Finland is not.
Paint It Black
Personnel
Other music makers and music production
Scandinavia
The Scandinavian Peninsula is a large peninsula reaching west from northern Europe over the north side of the Baltic Sea. Norway, Sweden and some of Finland are on this peninsula. However, Denmark is considered part of Scandinavia in the ethnic sense more often than Finland is. This is because Danish is a Scandinavian language but Finnish is not.
Paint It Black
Personnel
In Philippe Margotin and Jean-Michel Guesdon's book The Rolling Stones All the Songs, they credit "tambourine, bongos, castanets" to unknown music makers. In the book Rolling Stones Gear by Babiuk and Prevost, they credit acoustic guitar music to Jones, maracas and cowbell to Wyman and tambourine and castanets to Watts.
Scandinavia
Some people like to say "Nordic countries" instead of "Scandinavia" because they think it is more correct about geography. The Nordic countries include Norway, Sweden, Denmark (including the Faroe Islands), Finland, and Iceland. These five countries use the Nordic Council to work together on political and cultural activities. Denmark, Sweden, and Finland are also members of the European Union, but only Finland is part of the eurozone, meaning that it uses the Euro as its money. The other Nordic countries still use their own money, called krone or krona (from the word "crowns"). Norway and Iceland, which are not members of the EU, are members of NATO and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA). Only Denmark is a member of both the EU and NATO.
Paint It Black
Personnel
Music studio
Scandinavia
Geography
Most of the Scandinavian Peninsula has only a few people in it. It has large forests of pine, birch, and spruce trees. The western and northern parts are mountainous; the Scandinavian mountains are some of the oldest in the world. The tallest mountain is Galdhøpiggen in Norway. Denmark (43,098 km2) is the smallest of the Scandinavian countries. It is more densely populated, and most of the land is farmland. Sweden (449,964 km2) is the largest of the Scandinavian countries. It has the most lakes, and the landscape ranges from plains in the south to mountains in the west (along the border with Norway) to tundra in the north. The far north of Scandinavia and Finland is called Lapland, where the Sámi live. Some of them still herd reindeer, but most Sami live in modern houses and have modern jobs, like other Scandinavians.
Vikings
The most famous group of Scandinavians is the Vikings of the Middle Ages. The Vikings attacked and raided but they were also traders, traveling to Ukraine and starting trade routes to the Middle East.
Vikings from Norway were explorers, crossing the North Atlantic in their longships. They came to Iceland and Greenland and built towns and farms there. The Norwegian explorers also came to the east coast of Canada. They built at least one town there, but it did not last into modern times.
The Vikings from Denmark came to England, where they affected the history and politics and even the English language. Danish raiders attacked England many times with great violence. Sometimes the Danes would ask that the English pay them to go away. These payments were called "Danegeld" (Danish gold). The priests and bishops of churches on the east coast of England wrote a famous prayer: "deliver us, O Lord, from the wrath of the Norsemen!" "Norsemen" is another way to say "men from the north," or the Danes.
Scandinavians in fiction and theater
Much later, in the 19th century (1800s), Richard Wagner and other artists in the Romantic period made operas and other artwork about ancient Germanic culture. They liked the Vikings because they were not Greeks or Romans. They were the first to have the idea of Vikings wearing helmets with wings or horns on them and drinking out of hollowed-out animal horns. Some ancient Germans wore helmets with horns on them, but real Vikings did not. Wagner and his partners dressed the actors in the opera Ring des Nibelungen so they would look like ancient Germans and so the audience would feel like modern Germans came from medieval Vikings.
History
During the 10th through 13th centuries, when the Christian religion spread through Scandiavia, modern countries started to form there. They came together into three kingdoms: These three Scandinavian kingdoms made the Kalmar Union in 1387 under Queen Margaret I of Denmark. However, in 1523, Sweden left the union. Because of this, civil war started in Denmark and Norway. Then, the Protestant Reformation happened, and Catholic and Protestant Christians fought each other. After things settled, the Norwegian Privy Council was abolished: it assembled for the last time in 1537. Denmark and Norway formed another union in 1536, and it lasted until 1814. It turned into the three modern countries Denmark, Norway and Iceland.
The borders between Denmark, Sweden and Norway came to the shape they have today in the middle of the seventeenth century. In the 1645 Treaty of Brömsebro, Denmark–Norway gave some land to Sweden: the Norwegian provinces of Jämtland, Härjedalen and Idre & Särna and the Baltic Sea islands of Gotland and Ösel (in Estonia). The 1658 Treaty of Roskilde forced Denmark–Norway to give the Danish provinces Scania, Blekinge, Halland, Bornholm, and the Norwegian provinces of Båhuslen and Trøndelag to Sweden. In 1660, the Treaty of Copenhagen forced Sweden to give Bornholm and Trøndelag back to Denmark–Norway.
Finland used to be part of Sweden in medieval times. During the wars fought by Napoleon, it became part of Russia.
Protein biosynthesis
Protein biosynthesis (synthesis) is when cells build proteins. The term is sometimes used to refer only to protein translation but more often it refers to a multi-step process.
Amino acids are either synthesised or eaten in food. Then, after the transcription of polypeptide genes, the amino acids are put together. This is done by translation and RNA splicing which produces messenger RNAs. The splicing process produces the final proteins, which then fold up into their protein structure. Then they can function. The plural is used here because, with most genes, the splicing process produces more than one final working protein. One particular Drosophila gene (DSCAM) can be alternatively spliced into 38,000 different mRNA.
Protein biosynthesis differs between prokaryotes and eukaryotes, though parts of the process are the same in both.
Mechernich
Mechernich (, Kölsch: Meischernisch) is a town in Euskirchen, a district (Kreis) in North Rhine-Westphalia.
Districts
The districts of Mechernich are:
Antweiler, Berg, Bergbuir, Bergheim, Bescheid, Bleibuir, Breitenbenden, Denrath, Dreimühlen, Eicks, Eiserfey, Firmenich, Floisdorf, Gehn, Glehn, Harzheim, Heufahrtshütte, Holzheim, Hostel, Kalenberg, Kallmuth, Katzvey, Kommern, Kommern-Süd, Lessenich, Lorbach, Lückerath, Mechernich, Obergartzem, Rissdorf, Roggendorf, Satzvey, Schaven, Schützendorf, Strempt, Urfey, Voißel, Vollem, Vussem, Wachendorf, Weiler am Berge, Weißenbrunnen, Weyer and Wielspütz.
Salgesch
Salgesch (Salquenen) is a municipality in the district of Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.
Ian Kiernan
Ian Bruce Carrick Kiernan (4 October 1940 – 16 October 2018) was an Australian yachtsman and environmental campaigner. He was born in Sydney. Kiernan was known for organising the Clean Up Australia campaign, and in 1993 a similar Clean Up the World operation. It had 30 million volunteers partake from 80 countries.
Kiernan's environmental work was awarded in 1991 when the Australian Government gave him the Medal of the Order of Australia (OAM). He was named Australian of the Year in 1994.
Kiernan died of cancer on 16 October 2018 in Sydney. He was 78.
Eric del Castillo
José Eduardo Eric del Castillo Negrete-Galván (born July 22, 1934) is a well-known Mexican actor who appeared in many telenovelas and movies. He appeared in over 200 television or movies related to Mexico or voice dubbing since 1960. He has won several awards throughout his career.
del Castillo was born on July 22, 1944 in Celaya, Guanajuato, Mexico. He is married to Kate Trillo. They have two children. He now lives in Mexico City, Mexico.
Calahorra Cathedral
The building is protected for its historic interest and has been since 1931. In Spanish it is called a Bien de Interés Cultural (property of cultural interest).
SS Maceratese 1922
A.C. Maceratese is a football club in Italy. A.C. Maceratese plays in the D league. Their stadium is called Stadio Helvia Racina. It can hold 5,846 people. The chairman is named Massimo Paci. The manager is named Francesco Nocera. He makes most of the important decisions on the team.
Baby Hold On
"Baby Hold On" is a 1977 debut song by Eddie Money. It was taken from his debut self-titled studio album Eddie Money. It went to number 4 in Canada, number 11 in the United States and number 19 in Australia.
Bird-of-paradise
The birds of paradise are songbirds of the family Paradisaeidae. They live in eastern Indonesia, Maluku, Papua New Guinea, Torres Strait Islands, and eastern Australia. Best known are the members of the genus Paradisaea, including the type species, the greater bird-of-paradise, Paradisaea apoda.
They live in tropical forests like rainforests, swamps and moss forest. They build their nests from soft materials, such as leaves, ferns, and vine monsters, typically placed in a tree fork.
Sandy Spring, Maryland
Sandy Spring, Maryland is an unincorporated community in Montgomery County, Maryland.
Bird-of-paradise
These birds are best known for the remarkable plumage and behaviour of the males. They are an extreme example of how sexual selection works.
Females choose males who they instinctively see are fine specimens of their species. The colours of the plumage, the construction of the nest, the song and the mating dance all play a part. In some species the pairing is monogamous, and in others the males are polygamous. If they are monogamous, the males look much like the females. If they are polygamous, the males are very much flashier than the females. In both cases, it is the female who makes the choice of partner.
Hunting for plumes and habitat destruction have reduced some species to endangered status. Habitat destruction due to deforestation is now the main threat.
Birds of paradise have bodies which look rather like a crow. They have stout or long bills and strong feet, About two-thirds of the species are strongly sexually dimorphic.
In most species, the diet is mostly fruit, but riflebirds and sicklebills also prefer insects and other arthropods.
Species of birds-of-paradise
Genus Lycocorax
Genus Manucodia
Genus Paradigalla
Genus Astrapia
Genus Parotia
Genus Pteridophora
Genus Lophorina
Genus Ptiloris
Genus Epimachus
Genus Cicinnurus
Genus Semioptera
Genus Seleucidis
Genus Paradisaea
Greater "melampitta"
Formerly placed here
Opel Karl
The Opel Karl was a small car from the German carmaker Opel produced from 2014 to 2021. It was rebadged by VinFast as the VinFast Fadil. It is sold in the UK as a Vauxhall Viva, a name last used on a medium-sized car sold for 3 generations between 1963 and 1979.
Port Isabel, Texas
Port Isabel is a city in Cameron County, Texas, United States. The population was 5,006 at the 2010 census.
Puerta de Alcalá
The Puerta de Alcalá (Alcalá Gate) is a monument in the Plaza de la Independencia ("Independence Square") in Madrid, Spain. Francisco Sabatini created the monument in 1778 for Carlos III when he arrived in Madrid. It is the gateway to the Court. It is built of granite and limestone. It has three big arches that have lion's heads on top made by Robert Michel. There are two smaller arches on the sides. At the very top of the monument, there are angels, trophies and the coat of arms which were all made by Francisco Gutiérrez.
Scinax jolyi
Scinax jolyi is a frog. Scientists have seen it in exactly one place, in French Guiana.
HNK Rijeka
HNK Rijeka is a football club which plays in Croatia.
Amauris Cardenas
Amauris Cardenas is a handball player from Cuba. Cardenas competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics. He was born on 1 March 1973.
Manternach
Manternach is a commune in Luxembourg. It is part of the canton of Grevenmacher.
As of 2019, 2,163 people live here.
Matthew J. Munn
Matthew J. Munn (born 1980) is an American voice actor and animator for many studios. He voiced Boog and Doug in Open Season 3. He replaced Mike Epps as the voice of Boog in Open Season 2 (who replaced Martin Lawrence from the first movie). He was later replaced by Donny Lucas in Open Season: Scared Silly.
E. B. White
Elwyn Brooks White (July 11, 1899 – October 1, 1985) was an American writer.
He is most famous for his 1959 manual about how to write well in English, The Elements of Style (which was first written by William Strunk Jr. in 1918), and also for his three children's books Stuart Little (1945), Charlotte's Web (1952), and the Trumpet of the Swan (1970).
He also wrote for magazines and newspapers in the United States.
E.B. White won many awards, including a Pulitzer Prize.
E.B. White had 1 child named Joel White
Pamplona Cathedral
Pamplona Cathedral is a famous Roman catholic cathedral in Spain. It is the seat of archdiocese of Pamplona, Spain. It is famous for its Gothic architecture.
Nasim Pedrad
Nasim Pedrad (born November 18, 1981) is an Iranian-born American actress and comedian. She was born in Tehran, Iran and emigrated to Irvine, California in 1984. She is best known for her five seasons as a cast member on Saturday Night Live from 2009 to 2014.
After SNL, she went on to co-star in sitcoms such as Mulaney, Scream Queens, People of Earth, and New Girl.
Vegas Golden Knights
The Vegas Golden Knights are a professional ice hockey team based in the Las Vegas metropolitan area and are owned by Bill Foley. The team started play in the 2017–18 NHL season as a member of the Pacific Division of the Western Conference of the National Hockey League (NHL). In their very first season, they reached the Stanley Cup Finals where they lost to the Washington Capitals in five games. During the 2019 Stanley Cup Playoffs, the Vegas Knights were leading the series in the first round three to one against San Jose Sharks, but failed to advance. They also became just the second NHL team to lose in game 7 after having a three goal third period lead.
Formation and First Season (2017-2018)
After a successful vote on June 22, 2016, Las Vegas was officially approved to get an expansion team. They were allowed to begin playing in the 2017-2018 season. George McPhee was announced as the first general manager of the team. On November 22, 2016, it was revealed that the team name would be the Vegas Golden Knights. After the team paid their expansion fees on March 1, 2017, the Vegas Golden Knights were officially able to start operating. Gerard Gallant was announced as the teams first Head Coach on April 13, 2017.
Peggy Whitson
Peggy Annette Whitson (born February 9, 1960) is an American biochemistry researcher, retired NASA astronaut, and former NASA Chief Astronaut.
Her first space mission was in 2002, with an extended stay aboard the International Space Station as a member of Expedition 5.
Vegas Golden Knights
Formation and First Season (2017-2018)
The Vegas Golden Knights played their first game on October 6th against the Dallas Stars. They won the game 2-1. The Golden Knights played their first home game at T-Mobile Arena on October 10, 2017 against the Arizona Coyotes. Before the game started, the team honoured the victims of the October 1 mass shooting that happened in Las Vegas just 9 days prior. The Golden Knights won the game 5-2. The Golden Knights had a very successful first season. The players on the Golden Knights played a lot better than people thought they would, so they got labelled as the "Golden Misfits". They won the Pacific Division with 109 points and made it to the playoffs.
The Golden Knights played against the LA Kings in the first round of the 2018 Stanley Cup Playoffs. The Golden Knights won the series 4-0. Golden Knights goalkeeper, Marc-Andre Fleury, had 2 shutouts and only let in 3 goals total during the 4 games. In the second round, the Golden Knights played against the San Jose Sharks. Fleury had another 2 shutouts and the Knights won the series after 6 games. The Golden Knights then played against the Winnipeg Jets in the Western Conference Finals. After losing game 1, the Golden Knights won 4 games in a row to beat the Jets.
The Golden Knights became the third team to ever make it to the Stanley Cup Finals in their first year. The only other teams to do it were the Toronto Arenas in 1918 and the St. Louis Blues in 1968. The Golden Knights ended up losing to the Washington Capitals in 5 games.
2022-2023 Season and Stanley Cup Champions
During the off season, the Golden Knights fired head coach Pete DeBoer and hired Bruce Cassidy to take over. It was also announced that starting goaltender Robin Lehner would not be playing for the 2022-2023 season due to surgery. This led to the Golden Knights getting Adin Hill to be the backup goaltender to Logan Thompson (and eventually Laurent Brossoit). The Golden Knights had a very successful season despite injuries to Thompson, Hill, and Brossoit. Their captain, Mark Stone, also had injuries that forced him to sit out from mid January until April 18th. The Golden Knights finished the 2022-2023 season with a franchise record 111 points. They were first in the Western Conference and qualified for the Stanley Cup Playoffs for the 5th time in team history.
In the first round of the Playoffs, the Golden Knights played against the Winnipeg Jets. After losing the first game in the series, the Golden Knights won 4 games in a row to win the series 4-1. With the Golden Knights moving on to the second round, they played against the Edmonton Oilers. During game 3 of the series, Brossoit – who was the Golden Knights starting goaltender at the time – got injured in the first period and Hill had to take over. Despite losing their starting goalie, the Golden Knights won the series in six games. The Western Conference Finals match up featured the Golden Knights vs. the Dallas Stars. The Golden Knights had a very strong start to the series, winning the first 3 games in a row. In the end, the Golden Knights won the series 4-2 to move on to the Stanley Cup Finals against the Florida Panthers.
On June 13, 2023, after a big 9-3 victory in game 5 of the finals, the Golden Knights won their first Stanley Cup just 6 seasons after the team was created. They defeated the Florida Panthers 4 games to 1. The Golden Knights are the fastest expansion team in the NHL to win the Stanley Cup, beating the last record of 7 years set by the Philadelphia Flyers in 1974.
Overbrook, Kansas
Overbrook is a city in Osage County, Kansas.
New College of Florida
Notable alumni
Melissa Cristina Márquez
Vito Fassano
Vito Fassano is a retired footballer from Venezuela. He was born on 11 February 1940. Fassano played in for the Venezuela national football team.
AC Mestre
A.S.D. Mestrina 1929 is a football club which plays in Italy.
Janjaweed
The Janjaweed are a militia that operate in Western Sudan and Eastern Chad. They are one of the main players in the Darfur conflict.
Turtmann
Turtmann was a municipality of the district Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.
On 1 January 2013, the former municipalities of Turtmann and Unterems merged into the new municipality of Turtmann-Unterems.
Oviraptoridae
Oviraptorians lived between 83.6 and 66 million years ago in the Late Cretaceous.
Closed-circuit television
Closed-circuit television (CCTV) is the use of video cameras to send a signal to a certain place, on a small set of monitors. It is often used to watch for trouble.
Changhua County
Changhua County is a county in Taiwan. It is the smallest county on the island, though there are smaller counties on some of Taiwan's other islands. The capital is Changhua City.
Garden City, Texas
Garden City is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) of Texas in the United States. It is the county seat of Glasscock County. The population was 334 at the 2010 census.
Tatiana Maslany
Tatiana Gabriele Maslany (born September 22, 1985) is a Canadian actress. She is known for playing multiple roles in the science fiction television series Orphan Black (2013–2017) and for her role in She-Hulk: Attorney at Law (2022) in the lead role of Jennifer Walters / She-Hulk.
Maslany won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series in 2016. Maslany became the first Canadian actor from a Canadian series to win an Emmy Award in a key dramatic category.
Alma, Illinois
Alma is a village in Illinois in the United States. The population was 386 at the 2000 census.