cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Microarchitecture
Micro-Architectural Concepts
Complicating this simple-looking series of steps is the fact that the memory hierarchy, which includes caching, main memory and non-volatile storage like hard disks, (where the program instructions and data are) has always been slower than the processor itself. Step (2) often introduces a delay (in CPU terms often called a "stall") while the data arrives over the computer bus. A big amount of research has been put into designs that avoid these delays as much as possible. Over the years, a central design goal was to execute more instructions in parallel, thus increasing the effective execution speed of a program. These efforts introduced complicated logic and circuit structures. In the past such techniques could only be implemented on expensive mainframes or supercomputers due to the amount of circuitry needed for these techniques. As semiconductor manufacturing progressed, more and more of these techniques could be implemented on a single semiconductor chip.
'''What follows is a survey of micro-architectural techniques that are common in modern CPUs. '''
Instruction Set choice
The choice of which Instruction Set Architecture to use greatly affects the complexity of implementing high performance devices. Over the years, computer designers did their best to simplify instruction sets, in order to enable higher performance implementations by saving designers effort and time for features which improve performance rather than wasting them on the complexity of instruction set.
Instruction set design has progressed from CISC, RISC, VLIW, EPIC types. Architectures that are dealing with data parallelism include SIMD and Vectors.
Instruction pipelining
One of the first, and most powerful, techniques to improve performance is the use of the instruction pipeline. Early processor designs performed all of the steps above on one instruction before moving onto the next. Large portions of the processor circuitry were left idle at any one step; for instance, the instruction decoding circuitry would be idle during execution and so on.
Pipelines improve performance by allowing a number of instructions to work their way through the processor at the same time. In the same basic example, the processor would start to decode (step 1) a new instruction while the last one was waiting for results. This would allow up to four instructions to be "in flight" at one time, making the processor look four times as fast. Although any one instruction takes just as long to complete (there are still four steps) the CPU as a whole "retires" instructions much faster and can be run at a much higher clock speed.
Cache
RISC designs started adding cache in the mid-to-late 1980s, often only 4 KB in total. This number grew over time, and typical CPUs now have about 512 KB, while more powerful CPUs come with 1 or 2 or even 4, 6, 8 or 12 MB, organized in multiple levels of a memory hierarchy. Generally speaking, more cache means more speed.
Caches and pipelines were a perfect match for each other. Previously, it didn't make much sense to build a pipeline that could run faster than the access latency of off-chip cash memory. Using on-chip cache memory instead, meant that a pipeline could run at the speed of the cache access latency, a much smaller length of time. This allowed the operating frequencies of processors to increase at a much faster rate than that of off-chip memory.
Branch Prediction and Speculative execution
Techniques such as branch prediction and speculative execution are used to reduce these branch penalties. Branch prediction is where the hardware makes educated guesses on whether a particular branch will be taken. The guess allows the hardware to prefetch instructions without waiting for the register read. Speculative execution is a further enhancement in which the code along the predicted path is executed before it is known whether the branch should be taken or not.
Out-of-order execution
The addition of caches reduces the frequency or duration of stalls due to waiting for data to be fetched from the main memory hierarchy, but does not get rid of these stalls entirely. In early designs a cache miss would force the cache controller to stall the processor and wait. Of course there may be some other instruction in the program whose data is available in the cache at that point. Out-of-order execution allows that ready instruction to be processed while an older instruction waits on the cache, then re-orders the results to make it appear that everything happened in the programmed order.
Superscalar
Even with all of the added complexity and gates needed to support the concepts outlined above, improvements in semiconductor manufacturing soon allowed even more logic gates to be used.
In the outline above the processor processes parts of a single instruction at a time. Computer programs could be executed faster if multiple instructions were processed simultaneously. This is what superscalar processors achieve, by replicating functional units such as ALUs. The replication of functional units was only made possible when the integrated circuit (some times called "die") area of a single-issue processor no longer stretched the limits of what could be reliably manufactured. By the late 1980s, superscalar designs started to enter the market place.
In modern designs it is common to find two load units, one store (many instructions have no results to store), two or more integer math units, two or more floating point units, and often a SIMD unit of some sort. The instruction issue logic grows in complexity by reading in a huge list of instructions from memory and handing them off to the different execution units that are idle at that point. The results are then collected and re-ordered at the end.
Register renaming
Register renaming refers to a technique used to avoid unnecessary serialized execution of program instructions because of the reuse of the same registers by those instructions. Suppose we have to groups of instruction that will use the same register, one set of instruction is executed first to leave the register to the other set, but if the other set is assigned to a different similar register both sets of instructions can be executed in parallel.
Multiprocessing and multithreading
Due to the growing gap between CPU operating frequencies and DRAM access times, none of the techniques that enhance instruction-level parallelism (ILP) within one program could overcome the long stalls (delays) that occurred when data had to be fetched from main memory. Additionally, the large transistor counts and high operating frequencies needed for the more advanced ILP techniques required power dissipation levels that could no longer be cheaply cooled. For these reasons, newer generations of computers have started to utilize higher levels of parallelism that exist outside of a single program or program thread.
This trend is sometimes known as "throughput computing". This idea originated in the mainframe market where online transaction processing emphasized not just the execution speed of one transaction, but the capacity to deal with big numbers of transactions at the same time. With transaction-based applications such as network routing and web-site serving greatly increasing in the last decade, the computer industry has re-emphasized capacity and throughput issues.
One technique of how this parallelism is achieved is through multiprocessing systems, computer systems with multiple CPUs. In the past this was reserved for high-end mainframes but now small scale (2-8) multiprocessors servers have become commonplace for the small business market. For large corporations, large scale (16-256) multiprocessors are common. Even personal computers with multiple CPUs have appeared since the 1990s.
Advances in semiconductor technology reduced transistor size; multicore CPUs have appeared where multiple CPUs are implemented on the same silicon chip. Initially used in-chips targeting embedded markets, where simpler and smaller CPUs would allow multiple instantiations to fit on one piece of silicon. By 2005, semiconductor technology allowed dual high-end desktop CPUs CMP chips to be manufactured in volume. Some designs, such as UltraSPARC T1 used a simpler (scalar, in-order) designs in order to fit more processors on one piece of silicon.
Recently, another technique that has become more popular is multithreading. In multithreading, when the processor has to fetch data from slow system memory, instead of stalling for the data to arrive, the processor switches to another program or program thread which is ready to execute. Though this does not speed up a particular program/thread, it increases the overall system throughput by reducing the time the CPU is idle.
Conceptually, multithreading is equivalent to a context switch at the operating system level. The difference is that a multithreaded CPU can do a thread switch in one CPU cycle instead of the hundreds or thousands of CPU cycles a context switch normally requires. This is achieved by replicating the state hardware (such as the register file and program counter) for each active thread.
A further enhancement is simultaneous multithreading. This technique allows superscalar CPUs to execute instructions from different programs/threads simultaneously in the same cycle.
Footnotes
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Potassium bromate
Potassium bromate is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is KBrO3. It contains potassium and bromate ions.
Schelten
Schelten (La Scheulte) is a municipality in the administrative district of Jura bernois in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. This is one of two German speaking cities in the majority French-speaking Bernese Jura (Jura Bernois). The other is Seehof.
Potassium bromate
Properties
Potassium bromate is a white solid. It is a strong oxidizing agent. It might be a carcinogen.
Preparation
It can be made by dissolving bromine in hot potassium hydroxide. It can also be made by electrolysis of potassium bromide solution.
Uses
Potassium bromate is used to make wheat flour better. Some places have banned it from being added to flour because it might be a carcinogen. Normally when the bread is baked the potassium bromate is broken down. If there is too much, then some might be left over in the bread, which is bad.
Marcella (TV series)
Marcella is a British "Nordic"-noir detective series. It is written, directed and produced by Hans Rosenfeldt, creator of The Bridge. The series first started airing on ITV in April 2016. The series has aired two seasons of eight episodes. A third season will air sometime in 2020.
The series stars Anna Friel as Marcella Backland, a former London detective who returns to work to investigate an open case from 11 years ago. An unknown serial killer seems to have become active again. Marcella also has to deal with splitting from her husband and having blackout episodes.
Afro-Brazilian religions
Afro-Brazilian religions are all religions that originated in African traditional religions, which were brought to Brazil by slaves.
Sodium bromate
Preparation
Sodium bromate is made by reacting sodium hydroxide with bromic acid. It can also be made by electrolysis of a sodium bromide solution. It may be made by dissolving bromine in hot sodium hydroxide solution. This also makes sodium bromide.
Uses
It is used to dye hair. It is also used to dye other things. It can be used to dissolve gold.
Lalande-de-Pomerol
Lalande-de-Pomerol is a commune. It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France.
Hope Lange
Lange was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress and the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her portrayal of Selena Cross in the 1957 movie Peyton Place.
In 1969 and 1970, she won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series for her role as Carolyn Muir in the sitcom The Ghost & Mrs. Muir.
Lange died on December 19, 2003, at St. John's Hospital in Santa Monica, California, as a result of an ischemic colitis infection at the age of 70.
Neunkirchen District
Neunkirchen is a Kreis (district) in the middle of the Saarland, Germany.
History
In 1974 the districts of Saarland were reorganized. The capital of the district was moved to Neunkirchen. The name of the district was changed to Neunkirchen as well. Neunkirchen city had first tried to become cspital of the district in 1866. Some parts of the administration remained in Ottweiler.
Lamarque
Lamarque is a commune. It is in Aquitaine in the Gironde department in southwest France.
Reith bei Seefeld
Reith bei Seefeld is a municipality of the district of Innsbruck-Land in the Austrian state of Tyrol.
Etching
Etching is done by drawing lines through a protective coating on a copper or zinc plate. The plate is then placed into acid. The acid cuts into the unprotected parts of the surface to create a design in the metal.
The printing is done by rolling an ink pad across the surface. The ink sinks into the intaglio (cut) surface, and rolls off the waxed surface off the plate. The metal plate is then pressed onto paper.
Kayak (company)
Kayak is an American company. Their main product is a travel search engine for flights, hotels, rental cars, and vacation packages. Kayak's website and apps (iOS, Android, and Windows) compare flight, hotel, car rental, and vacation deals from hundreds of travel suppliers and websites at once.
History
Kayak was founded in 2004 by co-founders of Expedia, Travelocity, and Orbitz with the goal of simplifying online travel searches. The alpha version was programmed on May 5th, 2004. Shortly thereafter, in October 2004, the beta version was completed and in February 2005 the website went online. In December 2007, the company managed to secure an investment of 196 million US dollars and was able to take over the main competitor in the American market, SideStep. The Americas headquarters are in the immediate vicinity of New York, while the technology center is located near Boston.
At the end of July 2012, KAYAK made the first public offering of its shares on the New York Nasdaq exchange, during which it raised $91 million. Three months later, the KAYAK service was acquired by Priceline Group. The amount of the deal was 1.8 billion dollars. The company operates as part of the Priceline Group as an independent division and is managed by the same management team.
Since 2008, the service has repeatedly received the viewership prize at the Webby Awards.
In 2012, KAYAK was honored with 3 Webby Awards, including Best Mobile App in the Travel category by users.
In 2009, the American magazine Time included KAYAK among the fifty best sites of the year.
San Luigi dei Francesi
The outside facade was also done by Giacomo della Porta as a decorative piece apart from the actual church. It shows French heroes and saints like Charlemagne and Saint Louis.
The church is also a burial site for Pauline de Beaumont, Frédéric Bastiat, and Cardinal François-Joachim de Pierre de Bernis.
Mariam Salloum
Mariam Sabine Salloum (born 23 August 1989) is a German water polo player.
She played for the German women's national water polo team in the 2009 World Aquatics Championships.
She played for Arizona State University's women's water polo team.
Adam Wood
Adam Kenneth Compton Wood (born 13 March 1955) is a retired British diplomat. He is the current Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man.
Career
Wood was born on 13 March 1955. He was educated at the Royal Grammar School, High Wycombe and graduated from Oriel College, Oxford in 1977. Wood's later career consisted of major diplomatic roles in Africa. He was the British High Commissioner to Uganda from 2002 to 2005. He then served as High Commissioner to Kenya from 2005 to 2008. Prior to his retirement from the diplomatic service in 2010, he was Africa Director at the Foreign and Commonwealth Office. At this post he managed Britain's embassies in Africa. Wood was announced as Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man in November 2010, and was sworn in on 7 April 2011. He is married to Catherine Richardson. They have one daughter, born in 2009.
Tattoo
A tattoo is a mark made by putting ink into the skin. Tattoos may be made on human or animal skin. Tattoos on humans are a type of body modification (a way of changing the body), but tattoos on animals are most often used for identification. People sometimes get tattoos to show that they belong to a gang or culture group.
HighBeam Research
HighBeam Research is a business which has a search engine and fulltext online archive. It is owned by Cengage Learning (through its Gale subsidiary) for newspapers, magazines, academic journals, newswires, trade magazines and encyclopedias in English. It is headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, United States.
Tattoo
People get tattoos in tattoo parlors. Getting a tattoo is painful, although some people have more pain than others, and some body parts are more painful to tattoo than others. Most tattoos today are created using an electric tattoo machine, which uses needles to put ink into the body.
HighBeam Research
HighBeam has access to over 6,556 publications. However, only fulltext access is provided. No complete issues of papers are included.
Tattoo
History
Preserved tattoos on ancient mummified human remains reveal that tattooing has been practiced throughout the world for many centuries. In 2015, scientific re-assessment of the age of the two oldest known tattooed mummies identified Ötzi the Iceman as the oldest currently known example. This body, with 61 tattoos, was found embedded in glacial ice in the Alps, and was dated to 3250 BCE. In 2018, the oldest figurative tattoos in the world were discovered on two mummies from Egypt which are dated between 3351 and 3017 BCE.
Tattooing is an ancient art. Ötzi the Iceman, a man who lived around 3300 BC and whose mummy was found in 1991, had 61 tattoos consisting of 19 groups of lines simple dots and lines on his lower spine, left wrist, behind his right knee, and on his ankles. These tattoos, which were made of soot, were possibly part of an early form of acupuncture. Tattoos have also been found on mummies from ancient civilizations throughout the world, including Egypt, Nubia the Pazyryk culture of Russia, and from several cultures throughout South America.
HighBeam Research
Among the legal journals covered by HighBeam Research are:
Tattoo
History
Tattoos became popular in the Western world after Westerners first had contact with American Indians and Polynesians during the 1700s. James Cook, a famous British explorer, reported that he had seen tattooing being done when he was in Tahiti in 1769. The word "tattoo" comes from the Tahitian word "tatau".
Marco Antonio Rodríguez
Marco Antonio Rodríguez (born 10 November 1973 in Mexico City) is a retired Mexican association football referee.
HighBeam Research
Highbeam has access to trade magazines including:
Among the academic journals in HighBeam are:
Reference books include titles from Oxford University Press, including dictionaries, usage guides, and almanacs.
Marco Antonio Rodríguez
He refereed the famous 2014 FIFA World Cup semi-final in which Germany defeated Brazil 7-1.
Werner Bardenhewer
Joseph Werner Bardenhewer (30 January 1929 − 10 April 2019) was a German Catholic priest and philanthropist. He served as the Dean of Wiesbaden, the state capital of Hesse, from 1974 to 1996. In 1999, he founded the Wiesbaden chapter of the charity organisation africa action. The charity gives help to the health care and education in countries of the Sahel region. In 2016, he was awarded the highest national honour of Burkina Faso. He was born in Arnsberg, North Rhine-Westphalia.
Bardenhewer died on 10 April 2019 in Wiesbaden. He was 90.
Six Flags New Orleans
Six Flags New Orleans, also shortened to SFNO, is an abandoned theme park in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. The park opened on May 20, 2000 and was first known as Jazzland. The name was changed to Six Flags New Orleans on April 12, 2003 after Six Flags rented the lease in March 2002. The park has been closed since just before Hurricane Katrina struck New Orleans in August 2005. It is currently owned by the City of New Orleans. After seeing the damage that was caused by Katrina, Six Flags attempted to end their 75-year lease with the city in July 2006. They succeeded in September 2009. The abandoned park is a popular urban exploration spot.
There have been many different plans announced to redevelop the site such as reviving and expanding the park, creating a Nickelodeon-branded theme/water park, reviving the park as Jazzland, and an upscale outlet mall but it still an abandoned amusement park.
Tattoo
History
In some cultures, tattoos have special meaning and importance. For example, Polynesian people like the Māori in New Zealand have a tradition of face tattoos (called moko) which are sacred and have special meaning related to status and tribal history.
In other cultures, tattoos are forbidden. For example, tattoos are forbidden in Jewish law. In the Old Testament of the Bible, the book of Leviticus 19:28 states: "You shall not make any cuts on your body for the dead or tattoo yourselves."
Tattoos started to become popular in the United States and England during the 1860s and 1870s. At first, tattoos were most often given to soldiers and sailors. The first known professional tattoo artist in the United States was Martin Hildebrandt, a German immigrant who arrived in Boston in 1846. Between 1861 and 1865, he tattooed soldiers on both sides in the American Civil War. The first known professional tattooist in Britain worked in the port of Liverpool in the 1870s, tattooing mostly sailors. However, by the 1870s, tattoos had become fashionable among some members of the upper classes, including royalty. In the United States, tattoos were very popular with sailors. Many cities on the coast had tattoo artists in them. Later, artists such as Maud Wagner helped make tattoos more popular in the rest of the United States.
Since the 1970s, tattoos have become a mainstream part of Western fashion, common among both men and women, to all economic classes, and to age groups from the later teen years to middle age. For many young Americans, tattoos have a very different meaning than they did for earlier generations. In the past, tattoos were viewed as a form of deviance - a way of breaking social rules and standards. Today, it has become an acceptable form of expression.
At times during history, people have been forced to get tattoos to mark them as slaves, criminals, or outsiders. For example, the ancient Romans tattooed criminals and slaves. In the 19th century, the United States marked convicts with tattoos before releasing them from jail, and the British Army marked deserters with tattoos. In the 20th century, prisoners in Siberian and Nazi concentration camps were tattooed with identification numbers.
Amateur and professional tattoos
Today, people choose to be tattooed for many different reasons. Tattoos may also be used to show that a person belongs to a specific group. For example, gang tattoos may show that a person belongs to a certain criminal gang. Criminal tattoos may also show a person's criminal accomplishments (such as the number of years they spent in prison, or the number of people they have killed). Tattoos, including full-body tattoos, are popular among the Yakuza ( JapaneseMafia ).
Cosmetic tattoos
Tattoos can be used for cosmetic reasons. Cosmetic tattoos include "permanent makeup," which uses tattooing to make designs that look like real makeup. For example, cosmetic tattooers can create tattooed eyebrows for people who have lost their eyebrows because of old age, diseases that cause hair loss (like alopecia), or medications that make the hair fall out (like chemotherapy). Cosmetic tattoos can also cover up moles or hide skin that is discolored because of diseases like vitiligo.
Cosmetic tattoos can also be used to cover up surgical scars, like scars from mastectomy (surgical removal of the breast). The use of artistic tattoos to cover mastectomy scars is becoming more popular in the United States and the United Kingdom. Cosmetic tattooing is also used to tattoo nipples onto reconstructed breasts after breast reconstruction surgery (where the breast which was removed during mastectomy is re-created using fat from another part of the body).
Health risks
Because it breaks the skin, tattooing carries health risks. These risks include infection and allergic reactions to tattoo inks. These problems can often be avoided if the tattooer follows rules of cleanliness, uses certain tools on one person only, and sterilizing their equipment after every use (cleaning it in a special way that will kill germs).
In many places, tattooers are required to have training on blood-borne diseases (diseases which can be spread through the blood, like HIV and hepatitis). As of 2009 in the United States, there were no reported cases of a person getting HIV from a professional tattoo.
In amateur tattooing (like tattooing in prisons), however, there is a much higher risk of infection. Unsterilized (unclean) tattoo equipment or contaminated ink could spread infections on the surface of the skin, fungal infections, some forms of hepatitis, herpes simplex virus, HIV, staph, tetanus, and tuberculosis.
Most people are not allergic to tattoo inks. However, there have been cases of allergic reactions to tattoo inks, especially to certain colors. Sometimes this happens because the ink includes nickel, which sets off a common metal allergy.
Sometimes, if tattooing pierces a blood vessel, a bruise might appear.
Removal
Tattoo removal is most commonly performed using lasers that break down the ink particles in the tattoo into smaller particles. Dermal macrophages are part of the immune system, tasked with collecting and digesting cellular debris. In the case of tattoo pigments, macrophages collect ink pigments, but have difficulty breaking them down. Instead, they store the ink pigments. If a macrophage is damaged, it releases its captive ink, which is taken up by other macrophages. This can make it particularly difficult to remove tattoos. When treatments break down ink particles into smaller pieces, macrophages can more easily remove them.
Some people who have tattoos wish that they had not gotten them. Tattoos can be taken off with laser surgery, but this is painful and often requires several visits to a dermatologist or skin care professional.
Swing Out Sister
Swing Out Sister are a British pop music group. They are known for songs such as "Breakout" and "Twilight World". Some songs by the group are covers of past hit songs.
Swing Out Sister started in 1985 in Manchester.
Pointe Coupee Parish, Louisiana
Pointe Coupee Parish, ( or ; Paroisse de la Pointe-Coupée), is a parish in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 20,758. The parish seat is New Roads.
The Parallax View
The Parallax View is a 1974 American thriller movie directed by Alan J. Pakula. It was written by Lorenzo Semple Jr.. It stars Warren Beatty, Hume Cronyn, William Daniels, Paula Prentiss, Richard Bull, and Kenneth Mars. It was released to positive reviews on June 14, 1974.
Born to Sing (album)
Born to Sing is a 1990 R&B studio album from American music group En Vogue. It had several hit songs, including "Hold On", "You Don't Have to Worry".
Several songs on the album sample past songs.
This album was released in April 1990.
Rock Your Body
Rock Your Body is the 3rd single off the debut album by pop singer Justin Timberlake called Justified. It was written by Timberlake and The Neptunes. He performed the single at the Super Bowl XXXVIII with Janet Jackson.
Abraham Accords
Background
Arab states and Israel began to normalize their relationship with the Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty (1979) and the Jordan-Israel Peace Treaty (1994). In March 2002, the Arab League also agreed on the Arab Peace Initiative (API). The API is in favor of normalized relations with Israel in exchange for its withdrawal from the occupied territories of Palestine.
On June 12, 2020 Youseif Al-Otaiba, ambassador of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) in the United States, wrote a piece disagreeing with the Israeli annexation of the West Bank. Following the API, he thought of normalizing relations with Israel to put an end to the annexation. The United States agreed that it was a good solution and decided to supervise negotiations. On August 13, 2020 Donald Trump announced publicly that discussions were ongoing between Israel and the UAE. Following the announcement, Bahrain asked to participate in the exchanges with Israel. The negotiations ended on September 15, 2020 with the official signature of the Abraham Accords at the White House between the United States, Israel, the UAE and Bahrain.
Document
The signatories of the declaration are the Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu (upper left), the American President Donald Trump (bottom left), the Bahraini Foreign Minister Abdullatif Al Zayani (upper right) and the Emirati minister of foreign affairs and international cooperation Abdullah bin Zayed Al Nayhan (bottom right).
Kiwi.com
Kiwi.com (formerly known as skypicker.com ) is a global tourist metasearch engine and online service for searching air tickets and ground transport. It was founded in 2012 in Czechia. The search engine focuses on connecting flights of airlines that do not normally cooperate with each other. Thanks to a unique algorithm, the company allows the combination of transport of more than 750 carriers. It also offers and connects not only flights, but also trains or buses. Today Kiwi.com receives more than 100 million searches per day and an average of 33,000 tickets are sold per day through the search engine.
Abraham Accords
Motives
The United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Bahrain share similar motivations for signing the accords. These include securing peace in the region, shared opposition toward Iran, and wanting improved relations with the United States (US) and Israel. Instability in the region refers to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict that has created divisions between Arab nations. The UAE and Bahrain claim that signing the accords will help improve stability due to potential free-trade and economic advantages. However, other members of the Arab League, such as Qatar and Kuwait, refuse to recognize Israel until the Palestinian issue is solved. The UAE, Bahrain and Israel were all opposed to the Iranian Nuclear Deal and sided with the US in fighting the Islamic regime. Donald Trump's role in mediating the agreements, opened doors for more economic and military support from the US to the UAE and Bahrain, particularly naval and aviation resources.
Thermochemistry
Thermochemistry is the study of the energy and heat to do with chemical reactions and physical transformations (physical changes). Physical transformations are when a state of matter (a solid or liquid, for example) changes to another state. Examples of transformations include melting (when a solid becomes a liquid) and boiling (when a liquid becomes a gas).
Abraham Accords
US Role as Mediator
Donald Trump helped mediate the accords and signed the documents with representatives for Israel, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and Bahrain. The accords were also signed at the White House. Facing re-election, Trump wanted to improve his role in international affairs and shares similar beliefs regarding the Iranian Nuclear Deal and the region's instability. His position also reflects the United State's allies, interests and complicated history in the region.
Kiwi.com
Kiwi.com is headquartered in Brno.
Thermochemistry
Endothermic reactions take in heat. Exothermic reactions give out heat. Thermochemistry combines the concepts of thermodynamics with the idea of energy in the form of chemical bonds. It includes calculations of such quantities as heat capacity, heat of combustion, heat of formation, enthalpy, entropy, free energy, and calories.
Abraham Accords
Impacts and Consequences
Morocco signed a similar agreement with Israel on December 22, 2020. Sudan also declared a wish to normalize its relations with Israel. The other Gulf states did not follow suit.
Thermochemistry
History
Thermochemistry started with two ideas:
Kiwi.com
History
The internet portal skypicker.com was created in 2011. Its founder is Oliver Dlouhý. The next year in April, the company SkyPicker.com s.r.o. was founded. In the fall of 2013, the capital was increased, Touzimsky Airlines paid 5 million crowns for a 20% share. In mid-May 2016, the portal was renamed Kiwi.com, and the company operating the portal was also renamed.
Fixing a Hole
"Fixing a Hole" is a song mainly written by Paul McCartney (credited to Lennon/McCartney) and performed by The Beatles on the 1967 album Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band.
Thermochemistry
History
These discoveries came before the first law of thermodynamics (1845). They helped scientists understand this law.
Edward Diaz and Hess investigated specific heat and latent heat. Joseph Black developed the concept of latent energy changes.
Gustav Kirchhoff showed in 1858 that change in the heat of reaction is given by the difference in heat capacity between products and reactants:. Integrating this equation allows the evaluation of the heat of reaction at one temperature from measurements at another temperature.
Calorimetry
Calorimetry has these steps: Chemists make the change happen inside the chamber. The temperature of the chamber is measured either using a thermometer or thermocouple. The temperature is plotted against time to give a graph. Chemists use the graph to calculate fundamental quantities.
Modern calorimeters have small computers that measure the temperature and give the calculated data quickly. One example is a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC).
Headquarters of the United Nations
The headquarters of the United Nations is a group of buildings in New York City. The complex has served as the official headquarters of the United Nations since its completion in 1952. It is located in the Turtle Bay neighborhood of the borough of Manhattan, on spacious grounds overlooking the East River.
Thermochemistry
Systems
Several thermodynamic definitions are very useful in thermochemistry. A "system" is the specific section of the universe that is being studied. Everything outside the system is considered the surrounding or environment. A system may be:
Royal Canadian Navy
The Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) was the navy of Canada from 1911 to 1968.
Thermochemistry
Processes
A system undergoes a "process" when one or more of its properties (characteristics) changes. A process relates (connects) to the change of state. An isothermal (same temperature) process happens when the temperature of the system stays the same. An isobaric (same pressure) process happens when the pressure of the system stays the same. An adiabatic (no heat exchange) process happens when no heat moves around.
Headquarters of the United Nations
Its borders are First Avenue on the west, East 42nd Street to the south, East 48th Street on the north and the East River to the east. Turtle Bay is occasionally used as a metonym for the U.N. headquarters or for the U.N. as a whole. The building was designed by many architects across the world including Brazilian Oscar Niemeyer.
Royal Canadian Navy
During the early years of the 20th century, there was a lot of talk in the British Empire as to the role the Dominions would play in defence and foreign affairs. Because of the developing naval arms race with Germany, a key part of this discussion focused on naval issues.
Fixing a Hole
Recording
The first of two recording sessions for the song was at Regent Sound Studio in London on 9 February 1967 in three takes.
Royal Canadian Navy
The Royal Canadian Navy Served with the Royal Navy in World Wars I and II, but during the Suez Crisis of the 1950s Canada and the United Kingdom had different political views. Coupled with mutinies in 1949 partly linked to old British ways the Canadian government started looking at making sure the Canadian Navy had a very separate identity from the Royal Navy. In August of 2011 the three services were once again separated, ending decades of confusion and low morale. The Royal Canadian Navy, the Canadian Army and Royal Canadian Air Force were reinstated.
Fixing a Hole
Recording
The lead vocal was recorded at the same time as the rhythm track, a change from their post-1963 approach of overdubbing the vocal.
According to McCartney, on the night of the session an unusual man appeared at the gate of McCartney's home and said he was Jesus Christ. After a cup of tea, and after getting him to promise to be quiet and sit in a corner, McCartney brought the man to the recording session. After the session the man left and was never heard from again.
Saul Perlmutter
Saul Perlmutter (born September 22, 1959) is an American astrophysicist. He worked at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and a professor of physics at the University of California, Berkeley. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences.
Fixing a Hole
Recording
In another version of the story, John Lennon arrived at the studio, found the man hanging around the front door, and it was Lennon who invited him in.
Lamothe-Landerron
Lamothe-Landerron is a commune. It is found in the Aquitaine region in the Gironde department in the southwest of France.
Fixing a Hole
Recording
In the live-action scene at the end of the 1968 movie Yellow Submarine, Ringo mentions that he gave the other half of the "hole in me pocket" to Jeremy, so that he could "stop his mind from wandering", a direct reference to "Fixing a Hole".
Gignod
Gignod is a comune in the Aosta Valley region in Italy.
Shep Houghton
George Shephard "Shep" Houghton (June 4, 1914 - December 15, 2016) was an American actor and dancer. He is known for his role in Gone with the Wind and The Wizard of Oz. At the time of his death Houghton was the oldest surviving crew member from both movies.
Early life
Houghton was born in Salt Lake City, Utah on June 4, 1914. He was born to a family of farmers. His parents were George Henry Houghton (1883-1958) and Mabell Viola Shephard (1883-1972). His family moved to Hollywood for business reasons in 1927.
Career
They settled not far from Paramount Pictures' studios. In 1927, Shep made his first movie. It was the Underworld. It was a silent movie. Houghton was a dancer during his early career. He once taught actress Greta Garbo how to waltz for a role in Conquest.
In 1939, Houghton appeared in two movie classics, first as Ozmite and a Winkie Guard in the Wizard of Oz and as a Southern dandy in Gone with the Wind.
Houghton acted in many recurring roles, beginning with the Jack Benny Program in 1950. He worked on the program until 1965. He appeared in Star Trek: The Original Series, in which he appeared in only the first three episodes. In addition to these productions, he worked on the I Love Lucy show from 1951 to 1957. He also appeared on Wagon Train, Perry Mason, The Lucy-Desi Comedy Hour, Mr. Lucky, The Untouchables, and The Twilight Zone.
The 1960s, he appeared in My Three Sons, The Andy Griffith Show, The Dick Van Dyke Show, and The Loretta Young Show. In movies, Houghton appeared as a slave in Spartacus and as a dancer in Hello, Dolly!.
In the 1970s, he worked on The Mary Tyler Moore Show. His last role was as a juror in the final episodes of Ellery Queen. He retired from acting later that year.
Personal life
In 1935 he married Jane Rosily Kellogg. The couple divorced in 1945. He married actress Geraldine Farnum in 1946, but they divorced in 1948. Shep had two children.
DJ Snake
William Sami Etienne Girgahcine (born 13 June, 1986), better known by his stage name DJ Snake, is a French DJ and record producer who mixes hip hop and electronic music.
Shep Houghton
Personal life
In the early 1950s he worked for television, mostly as a dancer. He married Mel Carter in 1975.
DJ Snake
He gained international success with the singles "Bird Machine" and "Turn Down For What" in 2013. He collaborated with Dillon Francis and Diplo in 2014. "Bird Machine" is a collaboration with French act Alesia. The song was released in February 2013 on Mad Decent, a Los Angeles-based record label run by Diplo. In June 2013, DJ Snake was invited by Diplo to do a live mix on his radio show "Diplo & Friends" which airs on BBC Radio 1.
Eric Carr
Eric Carr (July 12, 1950 - November 24, 1991) was an American rock drummer. He was a member of the rock band Kiss from 1981 to 1991.
Early career
One of Carr's first bands was ""Salt and Pepper"". They played covers of various artists. They had success in the 1970s playing in small clubs. The band continued playing for nine years. Salt & Pepper became the opening act for artists such as Stevie Wonder and Nina Simone. The group changed their name to "Creation" in 1973 and began to play Disco.
Kiss
In 1981, Carr replaced Peter Criss on drums in the hard rock band Kiss. Carr brought a heavy metal style to the band. The band's first album with Carr was Music from The Elder, released on November 16, 1981. Carr co-wrote some songs on the album. He co-wrote "Escape from the Island" with Ace Frehley, and "Under the Rose" with Gene Simmons. Other albums with Kiss were Creatures of the Night, Lick It Up, Animalize, and Hot in the Shade.
Carr's last public appearance with Kiss was at the MTV Video Music Awards in September 1991. Carr died of heart cancer on November 24, 1991 at age 41.
DJ Snake
Lady Gaga
In 2011, Snake produced an album for Lady Gaga. He also co-produced the Lady Gaga songs "Applause" and "Do What U Want" featuring R. Kelly.
Singles released
In 2013, he released "Bird Machine" with Alesia and "Turn Down For What" with Lil Jon. On 11 February 2014, he collaborated with Dillon Francis on his single "Get Low". In March 2015, he collaborated with American electronic dance music trio Major Lazer on their single "Lean On". He released "Talk" with George Maple and "Let Me Love You" with Justin Bieber in 2016. He also released "Taki Taki" with Selena Gomez, Cardi B, and Ozuna. Also he released songs with Sean Paul and Young Thug.
Remixes
As a remixer, Snake has made remixes for artists, including AlunaGeorge, Kanye West, Major Lazer, Duck Sauce, Junior Senior, amongst others.
1972–73 NHL season
The 1972–73 NHL season was the 56th season of the National Hockey League. Sixteen teams each played 78 games. For the first time since the collapse of the Western Hockey League in 1926, the National Hockey League had serious competition. A new professional hockey league, the World Hockey Association, made its season debut with 12 new teams, many of which were based in the same cities as NHL teams. Unlike the Western Hockey League, though, the new World Hockey Association would not challenge for the Stanley Cup. In response to the new league, the NHL hastily added two new teams in an unplanned expansion, the New York Islanders and Atlanta Flames, in an attempt to exclude the WHA from newly constructed arenas in those markets. The first thing the WHA did was sign Bobby Hull, and the Chicago Black Hawks sued, claiming a violation of the reserve clause in NHL contracts. Others soon followed Hull to the WHA, including Bernie Parent, J.C. Tremblay, Ted Green, Gerry Cheevers and Johnny McKenzie. In the expansion draft, the New York Islanders and Atlanta Flames made their picks and eleven Islander players skipped off to the WHA. The California Golden Seals, chafing under the unorthodox ownership of the unpopular Charlie Finley, were also a victim of the WHA, losing eight key players.
Final standings
Note: GP = Games played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, Pts = Points, GF = Goals for, GA = Goals against, PIM = Penalties in minutes Note: Teams that qualified for the playoffs are highlighted in bold
Shep Houghton
Personal life
He died on December 15, 2016 in Hoodsport, Washington.
Bubba Franks
Daniel Lamont "Bubba" Franks (born January 6, 1978) is a former American football tight end. He played nine seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the University of Miami. He was drafted by the Green Bay Packers 14th overall in the 2000 NFL Draft. Bubba attended Big Spring High School in Big Spring, Texas. He was an all state tight end there.
Colgan Air Flight 3407
Colgan Air Flight 3407 was a passenger flight from Newark to Buffalo, the plane was a Bombardier Dash 8 with 49 people on board. On February 12, 2009 the plane stalled and crashed into a house in Clarence Center. Everyone on board the flight died as well as one man on the ground.
Rinn
Rinn is a municipality of the district of Innsbruck-Land in the Austrian state of Tyrol. It was first mentioned as Runne in 1250.
Charlotte County, New Brunswick
There are two islands near Charlotte County which are disputed by Canada and the United States Those islands are Machias Seal Island and North Rock.
All Saints
All Saints might mean:
ʻEta
The ʻeta, also called by several other names, is a unicameral consonant letter used within the Latin script to mark the phonemic glottal stop, as it is used in many Polynesian languages.
Elena Dukhanova
Elena Dukhanova (born 10 September 1994) is an Uzbekistani water polo player. She was a member of the Uzbekistan women's national water polo team.
List of oldest living state leaders
This article lists the 100 oldest living current or former state leaders whose age can be demonstrated beyond reasonable doubt. State leaders are defined to include heads of state (including representatives who act in their stead, generally a governor-general), heads of government and internationally recognized de facto leaders of sovereign states with significant international recognition. Leaders are not included if no reliable secondary sources have confirmed that the leader is alive within the last 10 years.
Gypsophila paniculata
Gypsophila paniculata is a species of perennial plant, a plant that lives for more than two years. The common name, a name that is in general use, is baby's breath.
Habitat
The species is native to Central Europe and Siberia.
Poisonous
The species is poisonous. The poisonous parts of the plant are the flowers and the rest of the plant are poisonous when they are dry. The species can cause eye irritation, sinus irritation meaning in the nasal cavity, or asthma after the plant is repeatedly handled. The plant can also cause minor, a lesser effect, skin irritation that only lasts for a few minutes.
Dominion of Pakistan
The Dominion of Pakistan was an independent federal dominion in the British Commonwealth of Nations within the British Empire that was created in 1947 in the partition of British India into two sovereign dominions (the other being the Union of India). The Dominion of Pakistan was under the autonomy of the British Empire and existed as an autonomous region of the Commonwealth. It existed between 14 August 1947 and 23 March 1956 when the dominion was dissolved and Pakistan officially gained full independence from the British Empire and became an independent republic.