cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Field artillery in the American Civil War
Smoothbore cannon
Before the outbreak of the American Civil War, the United States government did not encourage any new developments in ordnance. Most ordnance experts in the U.S. Ordnance Department were older military officers who believed what worked during the Mexican–American War would work now and did not need improving. Inventors had to go through years of field experiments and political red tape just to get their ideas introduced. Most used their own money and could lose all their money trying to introduce a new idea.
Early cannons were identified by the term "pounder" (abbreviated "pdr"). This referred to the weight of the cannonball the gun fired. For example, a 12 pounder fired a round 12 lb solid piece of steel. In the 17th century, when howitzers were developed, the term pounder began to be used less and less although it was used through the Civil War. Smooth bores included both guns and howitzers. Both had shorter barrels and used a higher trajectory. Both were less accurate than rifled cannons.
The Model 1857 12-pounder Napoleon with its green barrel made up 40% of the cannons on both sides. It was the most commonly used cannon. They were heavy at 2600 lb making them hard for the six-horse team to pull. The gun crew of the Napoleon was made up of six men. It could fire a ball, shell or canister shot out to a range of 1400 yd at a speed of 1,440 feet per second (or 439 meters per second). It used a charge of 2.5 lb of black powder. The Union made 1,156 units while the Confederacy made 501. Because they did not have the manufacturing capacity of the North, Confederates attempted to capture as many Union-made Napoleon 12-pounders as they could. The Model 1857 was made to replace the Model 1841 6-pounder but both were used during the Civil War out of necessity.
For ranges of 400 yd or less the most effective field piece was the Model 1842 12-pounder Howitzer. It weighed only 800 lb and could easily be moved into position by hand. Its large shells gave it very good firepower but its short range (just over 1000 yd) was less than that of the 6-pounder gun. They were easy targets for enemy artillery that usually had greater range. They were popular for close infantry support. At the Battle of Gettysburg, nine of these were supposed to accompany Pickett's Charge. Because of some confusion among the Confederate ranks regarding the orders and very accurate Union artillery fire, all nine were taken out of the battle before Pickett's men crossed the field. The smoothbore guns remained the most favored technology during the war.
Rifled cannon
""The difference in accuracy, is the smoothbore gun can hit the barn at a mile's range, the rifled gun can hit the barn door"."
While used mostly by the Union army, rifled guns were still a new idea and were not very popular among artillery officers or field commanders. Rifled guns were designated by the diameter of the bore of the barrel in inches. In 1860, the Ordnance Board recommended that half of the existing bronze smoothbore cannons be rifled. But this weakened the cannons to the point they could not stand the strain of firing. So the experiment quickly ended. Ordinarily the barrels of smoothbore cannons only lasted about 500 rounds before having to be replaced. Rifled barrels proved to last much longer in field use. The British-made Armstrong and Whitworth guns were good weapons but there were not enough of them to have any major effect on the war. A problem with the rifled guns was they fired too far for the gunners to accurately see to range their targets. When artillery observers and balloons were used for artillery spotting, this increased the accuracy of the rifled guns. Training artillery crews in the use of rifled guns took longer and was more difficult. General George McClellan was among the Union officers who felt that the American terrain was not well suited for the very long range of these weapons. Jefferson Davis, the Confederate President was of the same opinion. All these factors contributed to the slow acceptance of rifled cannon. The cannon called the 3-inch Ordnance Rifle (also called the 3-inch Wrought Iron Rifle) was an early favorite of the Ordnance Board due to its accuracy. These and other rifled guns were distinguished by their black barrels. About 1,000 were bought during the war. They were made by the Phoenix Iron Works of Phoenixville, Pennsylvania. They were made of wrought iron strips bent on a mandrel then welded together. They were then machined into their final shape. The early prototypes were fired 500 times with no signs of wear. It was accurate and reliable in battle. The Confederacy also produced a 3-inch Ordnance Rifle. But the use of low-grade iron ore and poorer rifling machinery made these guns less reliable.
Another popular rifled type were the Parrott rifles. The original 10-pound model had a bore of 2.9 in. This was changed to 3 in to standardize the round. They had cast iron barrels with a wrought iron reinforcement strip welded around the breech (rear of the cannon).
Artillery rounds
There were basically four types of artillery rounds used in the Civil War:
Gun crews
For the average artillery piece it took eight highly trained artillerymen to form a gun crew. Each member of the crew was cross-trained to do all the jobs required to operate a gun. If a crew member was killed or wounded, another member of the crew could take his place. Gun crews were among the best trained soldiers in either the Confederate or Union armies. They were also vulnerable. They had to see their target to hit it. If they could see their target, the enemy soldiers they were targeting could see them.
For a gun crew to get off the maximum number of accurate rounds per minute, they used a system whereby each man had a number. His number indicated his main task:
Each gun or artillery piece had a sergeant who commanded the gun.
Area codes 215, 267 and 445
Area codes 215, 267 and 445 are area codes for Pennsylvania. Area code 215 was one of the initial area codes created in 1947. It initially covered the southeastern portion of Pennsylvania, but after it was split by 610 in 1994, it now covers the entirety of Philadelphia and its county, as well as parts of Montgomery County, Lehigh County, Berks County, Bucks County. It was overlaid by 267 in 1999 and 445 in 2018.
Indre (department)
Indre is a department in the centre of France in the Centre-Val de Loire region. It is named after the Indre river, the most important river in the department.
Aetigkofen
Aetigkofen is a former municipality in the new municipality of Buchegg and district Bucheggberg in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland.
Indre (department)
Its prefecture is Châteauroux.
History
The department is one of the 83 French departments made during the French revolution, on 4 March 1790. The department was created from part of the former province of Berry.
The new department had six districts: Issoudun, Châteauroux, Argenton, Le Blanc, La Châtre and Marennes. The capital (now prefecture) was Châteauroux.
In 1800, with the creation of the arrondissements in France, the six districts were changed into four arrondissements: Saintes, Châteauroux, Le Blanc, La Châtre and Issoudun.
On 10 September 1926, the arrondissement of Issoudun was eliminated but in 1942 it was made again an arrondissement.
Geography
The highest point of the department is Terrior Randoin (46.45194°N, 1.98306°W), in the commune of Pouligny-Notre-Dame, and that is 457 m above sea level.
The department is bordered by the 6 departments in 2 regions:
The main rivers are:
Climate
The Köppen climate classification type for the climate at Châteauroux is an "Oceanic climate" (also known as Marine West Coast Climate) and of the subtype Cfb.
The average temperature for the year in Châteauroux is 11.8 °C. The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of 20.2 °C. The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of 4.2 °C.
Administration
The department is managed by the Departmental Council of the Indre in Châteauroux. Indre is part of the region of Centre-Val de Loire.
Administrative divisions
There are 4 arrondissements (districts), 13 cantons and 243 communes (municipalities) in Indre.
The following is a list of the 13 cantons of the Indre department, following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015:
Demographics
The inhabitants of Indre are known, in French, as Indriens (women: Indriennes).
Indre has a population, in 2014, of 226,175, for a population density of inhabitants/km2. The arrondissement of Châteauroux, with 126,428 inhabitants, is by far the largest.
Evolution of the population in Indre
The main cities in the department are:
Disney Junior (Portuguese TV channel)
Disney Junior is a Portuguese pay television channel.
Michael Howard
Michael Howard (born Michael Hecht, 7 July 1941) is a British politician who was the Leader of the Conservative Party from November 2003 to December 2005. He was also a cabinet minister in both Margaret Thatcher's and John Major's governments. He was a Member of Parliament for the constituency of Folkestone and Hythe from 1983 to 2010. In 2010, he entered the House of Lords as Baron Howard of Lympne.
Michael Howard was born in Gorseinon, a town in Swansea, Wales. He is of Jewish descent. He studied Law at the University of Cambridge and became a Queen's Counsel in 1982. He then became a Member of Parliament at the 1983 General Election. His cabinet jobs included Secretary of State for Employment (1990-1992), Secretary of State for the Environment (1992-1993) and Home Secretary (1993-1997). When the Conservative Party lost the 1997 General Election, Michael Howard became a member of the shadow cabinets of William Hague and Iain Duncan Smith.
In 2003, the Leader of the Conservative Party Iain Duncan Smith was made to resign and Michael Howard was elected unopposed to become the Conservative Party leader. 'Unopposed' means that no-one other than Michael Howard was a candidate. Michael Howard was the Conservative candidate to become Prime Minister at the 2005 General Election. The Conservatives did not win the election, however they had 33 more seats in Parliament than they did before. Michael Howard resigned shortly after this and David Cameron replaced him as Conservative Party leader.
God Save the Tsar!
"God save the Tsar!" was a national anthem of Russian Empire, used from 1833 to 1917. The melody of the anthem was composed by Alexei Lvov, and lirycs was written by Vasily Zhukovsky.
Michael Howard
He was made a Companion of Honour in the 2011 Birthday Honours.
God Save the Tsar!
History
In 1833 the emperor Nicholas I was visiting Austria and Prussia with Alexei Lvov. The Nicholas was greeted by english marches which he didn't liked. When he came back to Russia he had Alexei compose song that would became a national anthem. The composer: Alexei Lvov and the lirycist Vasily Zhukovsky created anthem that was first played in december 1833. After that, song became a national anthem of Russian Empire, with a name of God save the Tsar! Anthem was used untill revolution in 1917. The song were succeeded by the "Worker's Marseillaise" and later by the "Internationale".
Lirycs
During Imperial Russia mostly were played only first stanza, easy to remeber, usually repeated three times.
Mahamat Déby
Mahamat ibn Idriss Déby Itno (محمود بن إدريس ديبي إتنو Mahmūd ibn Idrīs Daybī Itnū; born 1 January 1984), also known as Mahamat Kaka, is the Chairman of the Transitional Military Council of Chad acting as the de facto interim President of Chad. He is the son of the late Chadian President Idriss Déby.
Lonely are the Brave
Lonely are the Brave is a 1962 American western drama movie directed by David Miller and was based on the 1956 novel The Brave Cowboy by Edward Abbey. It stars Kirk Douglas, Walter Matthau, Gena Rowlands, George Kennedy, Bill Bixby, Carroll O'Connor and was distributed by Universal Pictures.
Ramon Harewood
Ramon Harewood (born February 3, 1987 in St. Michael, Barbados) is an Barbadian former professional football offensive tackle. He played 6 games in the National Football League (NFL). He played his entire NFL career with the Baltimore Ravens. Harewood was drafted out of Morehouse College by the Baltimore Ravens with the 194th overall pick in the 6th round of the 2010 NFL Draft. He won a Super Bowl ring with the Ravens when they defeated the San Francisco 49ers 34–31 in Super Bowl XLVII.
On August 25, 2013, Harewood was waived by the Ravens.
Marcus Aurelius
Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (26 April 121 – 17 March 180) was Roman Emperor from 161 to 180. He ruled with Lucius Verus as co-emperor from 161 until Verus' death in 169.
He was the last of the Five Good Emperors, and is considered one of the most important Stoic philosophers.
Marcus Aurelius' work Meditations, written in Greek while on campaign between 170 and 180, is still revered. It serves as an example of how Aurelius approached the Platonic ideal of a philosopher–king, and how he symbolized much of what was best about Roman civilization.
Continuous warfare
At the start of his reign, the Empire, under the joint rule of Marcus and Lucius Verus, defeated a revitalized Parthian Empire in a war from 161 to 166.
Aurelius fought the German tribes during a long war from 166 to 180. The pressure from the Goths moving west pushed settled Germanic tribes into invading Roman client states in Gaul, and across the Danube.
West Milford, New Jersey
West Milford is a township in Passaic County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 25,850.
Marcus Aurelius
Continuous warfare
This disaster forced Marcus to collect forces from other frontiers, and move them against the Marcomanni. The Roman army was commanded by Claudius Pompeianus, Marcus' son-in-law, with the future emperor Pertinax as one of his lieutenants. The invaders were thrown out of Italy, and Marcus began planning to cross the Danube into their territory.
Intense diplomatic activity followed, as the Romans tried to win over various barbarian tribes in preparation for a crossing of the Danube. A peace treaty was signed with some tribes, while others became Roman allies. In 172, Marcus defeated the Marcommani, and in 173 their allies, the Quadi, were defeated. It took until 174 for the Quadi to be subdued.
Marcus was now interrupted by a revolt in the east, led by the Roman general Avidius Cassius. He was suppressed by Marcus' army. Marcus then returned to Rome. A triumph was celebrated with his son Commodus.
In 177 the Quadi rebelled again, and the Marcommani joined them. Marcus arrived on the scene in August 178, and in due course the Romans won a decisive battle in what is now Slovakia. The emperor Marcus died in 180, still fighting the German tribes.
Victories were achieved in the next couple of years, sufficient for Commodus to claim credit with a triumph. The battles had been fought by his generals.
Aftermath
The war had exposed the weakness of Rome's northern frontier. From then on, half the Roman legions (16 out of 33) would be stationed along the Danube and the Rhine. For the Germanic tribes, although for the moment checked, the Marcomannic wars were only the prelude. Later invasions in the 4th and 5th centuries would eventually end the Western Roman Empire.
Marriage and issue
Aurelius married his first cousin Faustina the Younger in 145. During their 30-year marriage Faustina bore 13 children. Only one son and four daughters outlived their father:
Central Delhi
Central Delhi is an administrative district of the National Capital Territory of Delhi, India.
It has a population of 644,005 (2001 census), and an area of 25 km2, with a population density of 25,759 persons per km².
Central Delhi houses the central business district and highrises. It includes Shahjahanabad (Old Delhi) which served as capital of the Mughal Empire, and is home to the monuments like the Delhi Fort and the Jama Masjid, Delhi's principal mosque.
Administratively, the district is divided into two subdivisions, Darya Ganj, & Pahar Ganj.
Demographics
According to the 2011 census Central Delhi has a population of 578,671, roughly equal to the nation of Solomon Islands or the US state of Wyoming. This gives it a ranking of 531st in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of 23149 PD/sqkm. Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was -10.48%. Central Delhi	has a sex ratio of 	892	females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 85.25%.
Edward Bruner
Bruner died on August 7, 2020 in Urbana, Illinois at the age of 95.
Aetingen
Aetingen is a former municipality in the new municipality of Buchegg and in the district Bucheggberg in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland.
1969–70 NHL season
The 1969–70 NHL season was the 53rd season of the National Hockey League (NHL). Twelve teams each played 76 games. The Boston Bruins were the Stanley Cup winners as they swept the St. Louis Blues four games to none in the final series.
Final standings
Note: GP = Games played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, Pts = Points, GF = Goals for, GA = Goals against, PIM = Penalties in minutes Note: Teams that qualified for the playoffs are highlighted in bold
Scoring leaders
Note: GP = Games played, G = Goals, A = Assists, PTS = Points, PIM = Penalties in minutes
Combat Zone Wrestling
Combat Zone Wrestling (CZW) is an independent professional wrestling company founded in 1999 by John Zandig. The company is headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. They are known for their hardcore wrestling style which is dubbed as "ultraviolence". The company holds an annual Tournament of Death show that highlights the ultraviolent style of CZW and their annual Best of the Best highlights the technical and aerial style of professional wrestling. They hold annual shows at the Asylum Arena which was the former home to Extreme Championship Wrestling.
Richard Linklater
Richard Stuart Linklater (born July 30, 1960) is an American movie director, producer and screenwriter. He is known for his movies Dazed and Confused (1993), Before Sunrise (1995), Before Sunset (2004), Before Midnight (2013), School of Rock (2003), Waking Life (2001) and A Scanner Darkly (2006).
In 2002 he began filming Boyhood (2014), a passion project which took over twelve years to finish. The movie was premiered in 2014 to critical acclaim. Linklater won the Golden Globe, Critics' Choice Movie Awards and BAFTAs for Best Director and Best Picture. He also received his first nomination for the Academy Award for Best Director, along with nominations for Original Screenplay and Picture.
National Database and Registration Authority
The National Database & Registration Authority (NADRA) is an independent and autonomous agency under the control of the Interior Secretary of Pakistan that regulates government databases and statistically manages the sensitive registration database of all the national citizens of Pakistan.
Descriptive
The ID card has the following information on it:
NADRA has registered over 90% of women in the Pakistan. Although NADRA has started issuing ultra modern SCNIC (Smart Computerized National Identity Card) too having information both in English and Urdu languages respectively.
History
After the 1971 war resulted in East-Pakistan gaining independence as Bangladesh, a new statistical database system was needed to ensure the safety of Pakistan's citizens as well as the national security of the country as questions were being raised over who was a Pakistani and who was not. So the Bhutto regime introduced a national registration act in the Parliament of Pakistan to establish an authority to issue photo IDs to all registered Pakistani citizens.
Ardara
Ardara (Àldara) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sassari in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 782 people lived there. Its area is 38.19 km². It is 296 meters above sea level.
Al Jaffee
Abraham Jaffee (March 13, 1921 – April 10, 2023), known as Al Jaffee, was an American cartoonist. He was known for his work in the satirical magazine Mad, including his trademark feature, the Mad Fold-in. Jaffee was a regular in the magazine after 58 years and was its longest-running contributor. Only one issue of Mad has been published since 1964 without containing new material by Jaffee.
Jaffee was born March 13, 1921 in Savannah, Georgia.
Jaffee died of multiple organ failure on April 10, 2023, at a New York City hospital. He was 102.
Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band
The Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band (also known as The Bonzo Dog Band or The Bonzos) was created by a group of British art-school students in the 1960s. Combining elements of music hall, trad jazz and psychedelia with surreal humour and avant-garde art, the Bonzos came to public attention through a 1968 ITV comedy show, Do Not Adjust Your Set.
South East Delhi district
South East Delhi is a revenue district of Delhi, India. Defence Colony, Kalkaji and Sarita Vihar are part of this district.
This district is a part of South Delhi Lok Sabha constituency.
Tom Young (basketball)
Thomas Joseph Young (September 17, 1932 – March 2022) was an American basketball coach. He coached at American University, Rutgers University, Catholic University and Old Dominion University. His coaching career began in 1958 and he retired in 2007. Young was born in Natrona Heights, Pennsylvania.
Young died in March 2022 in Virginia Beach, Virginia at the age of 89.
Zhangixalus prominanus
The Johore flying frog, green tree frog, jade tree frog or Jor flying frog (Zhangixalus prominanus) is a frog. It lives in Thailand and Malaysia. Scientists think it might also live in Sumatra.
Spawn (biology)
Spawn is the eggs of some aquatic animals. Laying those eggs is called spawning. Animals that live in water, such as fish and amphibians, reproduce by spawning. When the spawn hatches, the young fish are called fry and the young amphibians are called tadpoles.
Truman Capote
Truman Capote (born Truman Streckfus Persons, September 30, 1924 - August 25, 1984) was an American author. He was born in New Orleans, Louisiana and grew up in Monroeville, Alabama, New York City and Greenwich, Connecticut. He is best known for writing the half-true novel, In Cold Blood. The novel is based on a murder that happened in Kansas in the 1950s. He became good friends with the man accused of the murder.
Capote was openly gay. He died of liver cancer in Los Angeles, California, aged 59.
Tera Wray
Tera Lents (April 14, 1982 – January 13, 2016), better known by her stage name Tera Wray, was an American pornographic actress. She appeared in around 25 adult movies between 2007 and 2014.
Wray was born in Louisville, Kentucky. She was married to Wayne Static from 2008 until his death in 2014.
Wray died on January 13, 2016 in California, aged 33. Her death was reported as a suicide.
Balm bei Günsberg
Balm bei Günsberg is a municipality in the district Lebern in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland.
Indio, California
Indio is a city in Riverside County, California, United States. It is in the Coachella Valley of Southern California's Colorado Desert region. The population was 89,137 at the 2020 census.
Len Kasper
Len Kasper (born January 21, 1971 in Mt. Pleasant, Michigan) is a broadcaster who calls MLB games on the radio for the Chicago White Sox. He also called games for the Florida Marlins and the Milwaukee Brewers as well as a studio host for the Packers Radio Network.
New Hope, Mississippi
New Hope is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Lowndes County, Mississippi, United States.
2020 United States Senate election in Idaho
An election happened on November 3, 2020 to elect a Senator from the U.S. state of Idaho. The two main people in the election were Jim Risch (Republican Party) and Paulette Jordan (Democratic Party). Risch won the election and stayed as Senator.
Primary elections happened on June 2, 2020. There were two people in the Democratic Party primary: Paulette Jordan and James Vandermaas. Jordan won the primary. Jim Risch, who was already a Senator before the election, was the only person in the Republican Party primary. The Constitution Party chose Ray Writz for the election. There was also an independent politician, Natalie Fleming, that was in the election.
Lyon County, Kentucky
Lyon County is a county in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2010 census, the population was 8,314. Its county seat is Eddyville. The county was formed in 1854 and named for former Congressman Chittenden Lyon.
Porterville, Mississippi
Porterville is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Kemper County, Mississippi, United States.
Bernd Fischer
Bernd Fischer (18 December 1936 – 13 August 2020) was a German mathematician.
Paul Morgan (rugby)
He played at a representative level rugby league (RL) for Wales (Heritage #432), and at club level for Aberavon Fighting Irish, Bridgend Blue Bulls (twice), Celtic Crusaders, as a, or , i.e. number 2 or 5, or, 3 or 4, playing cricket for Pencoed Cricket Club (captain), and coaching club level rugby union (RU) for Neath Athletic RFC, and Aberavon Quins RFC.
Hurricane Noel
Hurricane Noel was the fourteenth named storm and sixth hurricane of the 2007 Atlantic hurricane season. Noel formed on October 27 from the interaction between a tropical wave and an upper-level low in the north-central Caribbean Sea. It strengthened to winds of 60 mph (95 km/h) before making landfall on western Haiti and the north coast of eastern Cuba. It turned northward, and on November 1 it attained hurricane status. The hurricane accelerated northeastward after crossing the Bahamas, and on November 2 it became an extratropical cyclone. (The Canadian Hurricane Centre classified Noel as a post-tropical storm until 2200 UTC November 4 when it determined that it had lost all tropical characteristics.)
Bernd Fischer
He was best known to his works to the classification of simple groups, and he discovered several of the sporadic groups. He helped discover 3-transposition groups and created the three Fischer groups.
Hurricane Noel
The storm caused at least 169 deaths along its path, primarily in Hispaniola, due to flooding and mudslides. It was the deadliest Atlantic hurricane of the 2007 season. After its transition to post-tropical, Noel became a very strong low pressure system causing flooding and wind damage over Maine and Eastern Canada. It even dropped snow over some areas of Eastern Quebec and Labrador.
Retirement
The name Noel was retired in May 2008 and replaced by Nestor for the 2013 Atlantic hurricane season.
Paul O'Grady (politician)
Paul Thomas Francis O'Grady (14 July 1960 – 18 January 2015) was an Australian politician. He was a Labor member of the New South Wales Legislative Council from 1988 to 1996. He was the first openly gay member of the New South Wales Parliament.
O'Grady came out in 1990. In 1996 he resigned because of bad health. Later that year, he said that he had AIDS. He was diagnosed with cancer in 2011. He died at Sacred Heart Hospice in Darlinghurst on 18 January 2015, aged 54.
ONERA
Research
All disciplines and technologies in the field are involved. Many aerospace programs have gone through ONERA: Ariane, Falcon, Rafale, Airbus, missiles, helicopters, engines, radars, etc.
Under the supervision of the Ministry of Defence, this center has a budget of about 230 million euros, half of it in state subsidies. ONERA has great testing and calculation resources. They also have the largest fleet of wind tunnels in Europe.
People
They employ about 2,000 people. Most of them are researchers, engineers and technicians.
The President of ONERA is appointed by the Council of Ministers on the proposal of the Minister of Defense.
Hugh Cortazzi
Sir Arthur Henry Hugh Cortazzi, (2 May 1924 – 14 August 2018) was a British diplomat, businessman, academic, author and Japanologist.
He was Ambassador from the United Kingdom to Japan (1980–84), President of the Asiatic Society of Japan (1982–1983) and Chairman of the Japan Society of London (1985–95).
Career
In 1947, Cortazzi joined the Foreign Office.
The British Foreign Office posted Cortazzi to:
Cortazzi was made Deputy Under-Secretary of State, in 1975. He became the British Ambassador to Japan in 1980. He spent the next four years in Tokyo.
Selected works
Sir Hugh wrote, edited, translated or contributed to books on the diplomatic history of Japan and the United Kingdom. He also wrote about Japanese history and culture.
Gail Omvedt
She was a senior fellow at the Nehru Memorial Museum and Library and research director of the Krantivir Trust.
Omvedt died on 25 August 2021 at the age of 80.
Hugh Cortazzi
Selected works
In an overview derived from writings by and about Hugh Cortazzi, OCLC/WorldCatencompasses roughly 60+ works in 100+ publications in 4 languages and 4,000+ library holdings.
Sawbridgeworth
Sawbridgeworth is a small town in England. It is in Hertfordshire. This is between Harlow and Bishop's Stortford.
Ali Fazal
Ali Fazal (pronounced ; born 15 October 1986) is an Indian actor and model. He made his acting debut with a small role in the English language movie The Other End of the Line (2008). He then acted in the American television miniseries Bollywood Hero (2009).
Balsthal
Balsthal is a municipality in the district Thal in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland.
Ali Fazal
Fazal made his Bollywood debut with a special appearance in 3 Idiots (2009). He then acted in Always Kabhi Kabhi (2011). His first success was in Fukrey (2013). He then acted in supporting roles in movies like Baat Ban Gayi (2013), Bobby Jasoos (2014) and Sonali Cable (2014).
He played the main role in the horror movie Khamoshiyan (2015). He then acted in his first American movie Furious 7 (2015). He also played a role in Happy Bhag Jayegi with Diana Penty in 2016.
Fazal acted in the British-American movie Victoria & Abdul. The movie portrays the relationship of Queen Victoria (Judi Dench) and her confidant, Indian servant Abdul Karim (Fazal). The movie premiered at the Venice Film Festival in 2017. The costumes worn by the main actors in the film have been added as part of the official display at Osborne House.
In 2018, he played Guddu Pandit in Mirzapur. In 2020 he continued his role of Guddu Pandit in Mirzapur season 2.
Early life
Fazal was born in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. Fazal's family is from Allahbad. His father worked in a firm in the Middle East. His parents separated when he was a child. From then on, he grew up in his maternal grandparents' home with his grandparents and his mother. The couple divorced when Fazal was 18. He studied at La Martiniere College in Lucknow and The Doon School in Dehradun.
In 2004, he participated in school plays and engaged in debates. He was selected for the role of Trinculo, the jester in the play The Tempest by William Shakespeare. It was a memorable role for him. Fazal went to Mumbai and graduated in economics from St. Xavier's College.
Jack McMullen
Jack Michael McMullen (born 22 February 1991) is an English actor and writer, known for portraying the roles of Josh McLoughlin in the Channel 4 soap opera Brookside (2002–2003), Timothy "Tigger" Johnson in the BBC One children's drama series Grange Hill (2004–2008), and Finn Sharkey in the BBC One school-based drama series Waterloo Road (2010–2012).
His other television credits include Casualty, Doctors, The Street, The Bill and Moving On. He has also had starring roles in Little Boy Blue (2017) and The First Team (2020).
Don Harron
Donald Hugh (Don) Harron (September 19, 1924 – January 17, 2015) was a Canadian comedian, actor, television director, journalist, author, playwright and composer. Harron was known for his roles in Charlie Farquharson and in Anne of Green Gables – The Musical. He hosted the radio program, Morningside. Harron was born in Toronto, Ontario.
Harron died in Toronto from cancer, aged 90. She was married to actress Virginia Leith.
Ary de Sá
Ary Façanha de Sá (1 April 1928 – 16 August 2020) was a Brazilian long jumper. At the 1952 Summer Olympics he finished fourth in the long jump. He also competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics.
He became South American long jump champion in 1952, won silver medals in 1956 and 1958 and a bronze medal in 1954.
Sa died on 16 August 2020 at the age of 92.
Guardians of the Galaxy (TV series)
Marvel's Guardians of the Galaxy (titled Marvel's Guardians of the Galaxy: Mission Breakout for the final season) is a Canadian/American animated television series. It is based on the Marvel Comics superhero team of the same name. It is produced by Marvel Animation. And DHX Media The series airs on Disney XD.
Ellen Meiksins Wood
Ellen Meiksins Wood (April 12, 1942 – January 13, 2016) was an American-Canadian Marxist historian and scholar. She was a publisher of the Monthly Review from 1997 to 2000, along with Harry Magdoff and Paul Sweezy. She wrote over ten books. Her books The Retreat from Class and The Origin of Capitalism won awards. She was a leading Marxist theorist.
Wood was born in New York City. Her parents were Latvian Jews. She was married to Neal Wood until his death in 2003. They had two children. She was later married to politician Ed Broadbent.
Wood died from cancer on January 13, 2016 in Ottawa, Ontario. She was 73.
Arzachena
Arzachena (Alzachèna, Altzaghèna) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sassari in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 13,650 people lived there. Its area is 230.85 km². It is 85 meters above sea level.
The Little Princess
The Little Princess is a 1939 movie. It was directed by Walter Lang. It stars Shirley Temple. It is loosely based on the book A Little Princess by Frances Hodgson Burnett. It was the first Shirley Temple movie to be filmed completely in Technicolor. It was also her last major success as a child star.
Story
Captain Crewe is called to fight in the Second Boer War. He leaves his daughter Sara at Miss Minchin's School for Girls. One day, his lawyer arrives in the school with news that Captain Crewe has died and his real estate has been confiscated. Sara is now a poor orphan. She becomes a servant in the school. Sara tires of her servant duties. She sneaks off to Veterans Hospital, convinced her father is not dead. She finds him wounded. They reunite joyfully.
Response
According to Variety, "Transposition of the Frances Hodgson Burnett several-generation favorite, Sara Crewe, is accomplished most successfully. The fairy-tale story is still saccharine to the nth degree, but once the basic premise is established, it rolls along acceptably. And, while the story has been changed for screen purposes, the general line is close enough."
Benjamin R. Crisler reviewed the film when it opened in New York City at the Roxy Theatre. He wrote, "With any other child on earth, it is amazing to reflect, The Little Princess would stand out as one of the most glaring exhibits of pure hokum in screen history; with Mistress Temple, it may very well be, as Mr. Zanuck unflinchingly proclaims, the greatest picture with which Mr. Zanuck has ever been associated."
Janet Maslin, writing for The New York Times 44 years later, called it "antiquated enough to seem charming" and concludes "[t]he movie's music, its corny but likable histrionics and its rousing patriotism (it was made in 1939) culminate in a happy ending sure to make even grown-up viewers cry."
K.S.K. Beveren
Koninklijke Sportkring Beveren (Royal Sporting Club of Beveren) is a Belgian association football club from the town of Beveren in East Flanders.
Angus Deayton
Gordon Angus Deayton (born 6 January 1956) is an English actor, television presenter, writer, musician, comedian, and broadcaster. He was the original presenter of the BBC satirical panel game show Have I Got News for You. He was fired from the show in October 2002, after more negative tabloid articles about his personal life. From 2007 to 2008, he was the host of the BBC One British comedy panel show Would I Lie to You?.
He also played Victor Meldrew's long-suffering neighbour Patrick Trench in the BBC One comedy series One Foot in the Grave (1990–2000), and George Windsor in the final three series of the BBC One school-based drama series Waterloo Road (2013–2015).
Chirocentrites
Chirocentrites is an extinct genus of bulldog fish.
Mirande
Mirande (Miranda) is a commune in the Gers department, of which it is a subprefecture, in the Occitanie region, southwestern France. It is the administrative center of the arrondissement of Mirande and of the canton of Mirande-Astarac.
History
Mirande was founded in 1281 near the village of Saint-Jean de Lezian by the abbot Berdoues and by Bernhard IV, Count of Astarac. The town was built as a bastide (a fortified town). Miranda became, in 1297, the capital of the County of Astarac.
Mirande was surrounded by a wall with four city gates; the wall was destroyed during the 19th century.
Since 17 February 1800, Mirande is the capital of the arrondissement of Mirande.
Geography
Mirande is a commune found along the Baïse river in the Astarac, a natural region that is part of Gascony.
The commune has an area of 23.42 km2 and its average altitude is 170 m; at the city hall, the altitude is 163 m.
Mirande is at 20 km from Auch, 100 km from Toulouse, 45 km from Tarbes and 80 km from Lourdes.
Climate
The climate of Mirande, in the Köppen climate classification, is Cfb - Oceanic climate with template summers.
Wilfried Van Moer
Wilfried van Moer (1 March 1945 – 24 August 2021) was a Belgian footballer. He played 57 times and scored nine goals for the Belgium national team between 1966 and 1982.
Mirande
Population
The inhabitants of Mirande are known, in French, as Mirandais (women: Mirandaises).
Wilfried Van Moer
Van Moer died in a hospital in Leuven on 24 August 2021 from a stroke, aged 76.
Mirande
Population
With a population of 3,527 (2014), Mirande has a population density of inhabitants/km2.
Evolution of the population in Mirande
Sister cities
Mirande is twinned with:
John Steell
Sir John Steell (1804 - 1891) was a Scottish sculptor born in Aberdeen, but moved to Edinburgh at an early age. A number of the public statues there are by him including the one of the Duke of Wellington outside Register House and that of Sir Walter Scott at the Scott Monument.
Adult Swim (Canadian TV channel)
Adult Swim (stylized as [adult swim]) is a Canadian English language television channel.
Gouache
Gouache, also spelled guache, is a type of paint. It is also commonly called poster paint. It comprises pigment, a binding agent (usually gum arabic), and some additives to make it opaque. An inert white pigment such as chalk is usually added. Gouache covers up whatever is underneath. Water colours, in contrast, are somewhat transparent.
After gouache has dried, any form of paint can be used on the surface, also pastels and crayons. Watercolours on top of a gouache surface are not so runny (fluid) as they are on plain paper.
The fast-drying quality of gouache makes it a favourite for en plein air (outdoor) paintings. It was also a favourite of J. M. W. Turner.
Gouache also refers to paintings that use this type of paint.
Ralph Waite
Ralph Waite (June 22, 1928 – February 13, 2014) was an American actor. He is best known for his role as John Walton, Sr., on the 1970s CBS TV series The Waltons. He played the slave ship third mate Slater in the mini-series Roots.
Waite died on February 13, 2014, aged 85, from natural causes
South West Delhi district
South West Delhi is one of the eleven administrative districts of the National Capital Territory of Delhi, India. The Subcity of Dwarka serves as the administrative headquarters of South West Delhi.
It is bounded by the districts of West Delhi to the north, Central Delhi to the northeast, New Delhi and South Delhi to the east, Gurgaon District of Haryana state to the south, and Jhajjar District of Haryana to the west. Rajbir Yadav from Chhawla Block Congress Committee is Alderman of South Delhi District of MCD.
It has a population of 2,292,363 (2011 census), and an area of 420 km², with a population density of 5,445 inhabitants per square kilometre. It is the fourth most populous district in Delhi.
Administratively, the district is divided into three subdivisions, Dwarka, Najafgarh and Kapas Hera.
Demographics
According to the 2011 census South West Delhi has a population of 2,292,363 roughly equal to the nation of Latvia or the US state of New Mexico. This gives it a ranking of 198th in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of 5445 PD/sqkm. Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 30.62%. South West Delhi has a sex ratio of 836 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 88.81%.
Isère
Isère is a département in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in eastern France named after the Isère river.
History
Isère is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790 with Moirans as its capital. It was formed from part of the former province of Dauphiné.
It was divided in four districts: Grenoble, Saint-Marcellin, La Tour-du-Pin and Vienne. The capital was transfered in 1790 from Moirans to Grenoble.
In 1800, with the creation of the arrondissements in France, the four districts were changed into four arrondissements: Grenoble, Saint-Marcellin, La Tour-du-Pin and Vienne.
On 10 September 1926, the arrondissement of Saint-Marcellin was eliminated.
Geography
Isère is part of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. It has an area of 7431.5 km2.
The department borders with 7 departments in 2 regions:
The highest mountain in the department is Pic Lory (44.9225°N, 6.35667°W); it is 4088 m high.
Natrona Heights, Pennsylvania
Natrona Heights is an unincorporated community in Harrison Township, Allegheny County in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. It is about 24 mi northeast of Pittsburgh.
Isère
Geography
The main rivers that flow through the department are the Rhône and its tributaries Isère and Bourbre.
Administration
Isère is managed by the Departmental Council of Isère in Grenoble. The department is part of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region.
Administrative divisions
There are 4 arrondissements (districts), 17 cantons and 281 communes (municipalities) in Isère.
The following is a list of the 29 cantons of the Isère department (with their INSEE codes), following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015:
Demographics
The inhabitants of Isère are known, in French, as Isérois (women: Iséroises).
Isère had a population, in 2014, of 1,243,597, for a population density of inhabitants/km2. The arrondissement of Grenoble, with 758,956 inhabitants, is the arrondissement with more inhabitants.
Evolution of the population in Isère
The communes in the department with more inhabitants are:
Aleksander Waszkowski
Aleksander Waszkowski (1841-1865) was a Polish politician who served as former prime minister in the Polish Government Crisis (January Uprising) a year before his death.
Career
He was a member of the Warsaw City Organization. In February 1863, he carried out an action to take over staff maps, and in June of the same year - the Cash Office of the Central Government Revenue and Treasury Commission of the Kingdom of Poland. Appointed the last insurgent warden of Warsaw, he held this position from December 10, 1863 to December 19, 1864, when he was accidentally arrested on Elektoralna Street. He was aware of the impossibility of reversing the fall of the uprising, but by issuing orders and proclamations he tried to maintain the impression that the municipal organization was still functioning. He had no permanent residence; he spent the night in the mill buildings in Solec, and spent his days reading newspapers in cafes. He consciously decided not to go out of town.
Roy Worters
Roy "Shrimp" Worters (October 19, 1900 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada – November 7, 1957) was a Canadian professional ice hockey Hall of Fame goaltender who played twelve seasons in the National Hockey League for the Pittsburgh Pirates, Montreal Canadiens and New York Americans, and was notable for having 66 shutouts in his career and being, at 5'3" tall, the shortest player ever to play in the NHL.
Aleksander Waszkowski
Death
He was imprisoned in the 10th pavilion of the Warsaw Citadel. He was executed on its slopes on February 17, 1865 together with Emanuel Szafarczyk. It was the last public execution of participants in the uprising in Warsaw.
Tim Duncan
Timothy "Tim" Theodore Duncan (born April 25, 1976) is a former professional basketball player from the US Virgin Islands. He played the power forward and center for the San Antonio Spurs of the National Basketball Association (NBA) his entire 19 year career.
Early life
Duncan was a swimmer when he was young. In 1989, Hurricane Hugo destroyed the pool he used to practice swimming, and his mother died a year later. Duncan gave up on swimming after this and began playing basketball.
Basketball career
Duncan played college basketball for four years at Wake Forest University. After college, the San Antonio Spurs chose him with the first pick in the 1997 NBA Draft. Duncan helped the Spurs win NBA championships in 1999, 2003, 2005, 2007, and 2014. He was named the Most Valuable Player (MVP) in the NBA in 2002 and 2003. Duncan was a 15 time All-Star and received the title of NBA All-Star Game co-MVP in 2000. He won his 5th and final title of NBA in 2014, when he was 38. He retired after finishing his 19th season.
Mike Yaschuk
Mike Yaschuk (November 5, 1922 – August 7, 2020) was a Canadian ice hockey player and coach. He played professionally in senior leagues in Canada and in the English League. Yaschuk was born in Ituna, Saskatchewan.
He played junior with the St. Boniface Athletics and was the MJHL leading scorer in 1942–43. Yaschuk played senior ice hockey with the Winnipeg Reo Flyers from 1946-48. He played one season with the Saskatoon Quakers of the Western Canada Senior Hockey League in 1948-49, then moved to England.
Yaschuk died on August 7, 2020, aged 97.
South Delhi
South Delhi is an administrative district of the National Capital Territory of Delhi in India.