cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Ed Sheeran
2014–16: ×
"Don't", Sheeran's #3 song on his album × (pronounced "multiply"), was released in 2014 and was nominated for several awards. The song was about how Ellie Goulding was cheating on him with One Direction's Niall Horan. In the song, it says, "it's not like we were both on tour. We were staying on the same hotel floor." Goulding did, in fact, cheat on him while they were staying in the same hotel. Sheeran thought it was very easy to forgive Goulding after he found out about it.
1897
The year 1897 (MDCCCXCVII) was a common year starting on Friday on the Gregorian calendar.
Ed Sheeran
2014–16: ×
The most successful single from × was "Thinking Out Loud", which reached number two on the Billboard Hot 100 and finished at the number-two song of 2015 in the United States. Sheeran won Grammy Awards for Song of the Year and Best Pop Solo Performance for the song.
Sheeran collaborated with Justin Bieber on Bieber's album Purpose. He co-wrote the song "Love Yourself", which became a number-one hit for Bieber in the UK, US, Canada, and Australia, and the song finished as the number-one song of 2016 in the US.
2017–18: ÷
Sheeran's third studio album, ÷ ("divide"), was released on 3 March 2017. He released the two singles "Shape of You" and "Castle on the Hill" in January 2017. "Shape of You" became his first number-one hit on the Billboard Hot 100 when it entered at the top of the chart. The song has reached number one in several countries around the world, and "Castle on the Hill" has become a top-ten hit. Sheeran became the first artist to have songs enter at numbers one and two at the same time on the UK Singles Chart when the first single was at the top and "Castle on the Hill" was at number two. His song Galway Girl has reached the number one position in the Scotland and Ireland singles charts. All of the album's songs were within the top 20 of the UK Singles Chart.
In December 2017, Sheeran released the single "Perfect". He later released an acoustic duet version with singer Beyoncé and an orchestral version with Andrea Bocelli. The song went on to top the charts of several countries worldwide.
2019: No. 6 Collaborations Project
In May 2019, Sheeran released the song "I Don't Care" (with Justin Bieber) as the first single from his then-upcoming album, No. 6 Collaborations Project. The song reached number one in Australia and the UK and number two in Canada and the US. The album also includes the songs "Cross Me" (with Chance the Rapper); "BLOW" (with PnB Rock, Bruno Mars, and Chris Stapleton); and "South of the Border" (with Camila Cabello and Cardi B).
2021: =
On 25 June 2021, Sheeran released the upbeat single "Bad Habits". In 19 August, he announced his fifth album, = will be released on 29 October. Before the album will be released, Sheeran also released "Shivers" and the promotional single "Visiting Hours".
Awards
Ed Sheeran has won many prizes, for example the award for Best British Male Solo Artist at the 2012 BRIT Awards. He has also won four Grammy Awards.
Personal life
Despite his popularity and fame, Sheeran has been spotted smoking several times. In an interview with Ryan Seacrest, published on YouTube on 5 March 2014, Sheeran revealed that smoking is his worst habit. After ten years as a smoker, he now claims to be smoke-free. However, in an article published on the Daily Mail website, on 19 March 2015, he was spotted smoking a roll-up cigarette, outside a hotel in Brisbane. He has since quit smoking again.
Sheeran announced that he became engaged to his girlfriend, Cherry Seaborn, over Christmas 2017. They married the following year.
Saint-Hilaire-des-Loges
Saint-Hilaire-des-Loges is a commune. It is in Pays de la Loire in the Vendée department in west France.
Montastruc-la-Conseillère
Montastruc-la-Conseillère is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department of southwestern France.
Coatesville, Pennsylvania
Coatesville is a city in Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 13,100 at the 2010 census. Coatesville is about 39 miles west of Philadelphia.
Pope Damasus II
Pope Damasus II (Damasus Secundus; died August 9, 1048), born Poppo, was a German priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 152nd Pope for only 24 days from July 17 to August 9, 1048.
He was the third German to become pope.
Early life
He was born in Bavaria.
Bishop
Poppo was Bishop of Brixen in the Tyrol Mountains of Germany..
Pope
Bishop Popo became pope on July 17, 1048; and he took the name Damasas II. He died within a month of his election.
Kasterlee
Kasterlee is a municipality in the Belgian province of Antwerp.
In 2007, 17988 people lived there.
It is at 51° 14 North, 04° 58 East.
Saint-Hilaire-de-Loulay
Saint-Hilaire-de-Loulay is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Vendée department in the west of France. On 1 January 2019, it became a part of the new commune of Montaigu-Vendée.
It is the childhood home of Thierry Rautureau The Chef In The Hat!!! Owner of Rover's Restaurant in Seattle, Washington in the Northwest Region of the United States.
Andechs
Andechs is a municipality in the district of Starnberg in Upper Bavaria in Germany. As of 31 December 2018, 3,751 people lived there.
Saint-Hilaire-la-Forêt
Saint-Hilaire-la-Forêt is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Vendée department in the west of France.
Kaprijke
Kaprijke is a municipality in the Belgian province of East Flanders.
In 2007, 6171 people lived there.
It is at 51° 13 North, 03° 37 East.
The Fylde
The Fylde is a coastal plain in western Lancashire, England. It is 13-mile (20-kilometre) square-shaped peninsula. It is bounded by Morecambe Bay to the north, the Ribble estuary to the south, the Irish Sea to the west, and the Bowland hills to the east. The eastern boundary is near the M6 motorway.
Washington Metro
The Washington Metro is a rapid transit system that serves the Washington, D.C. area in the United States. It has the second busiest rapid transit system in the United States. The New York City Subway is the busiest.
Fleetwood
Fleetwood is a town within the Wyre district of Lancashire, England. It lies at the northwest corner of the Fylde. It had a population of 26,840 people at the 2001 Census. It is part of the Blackpool Urban Area. The town was the first planned place of the Victorian age. In the twentieth century, Fleetwood was a major deep-sea fishing port, but, since the 1970s, the fishing industry has declined. The town has slowly become poor. Fleetwood is also a seaside resort.
Washington Metro
Lines
There are six lines in this system:
History
The first part of the metro system opened on March 27, 1976. The rail system was completed on May 19th, 2023.
Tongue-in-cheek
The idiom tongue-in-cheek is used about a statement that is funny or sarcastic. It is not meant to be taken seriously.
History
The phrase first meant contempt. By 1842, it got its modern meaning. Early users of the phrase include Sir Walter Scott in his 1828 The Fair Maid of Perth.
Kapellen, Belgium
Kapellen is a municipality in the Belgian province of Antwerp.
In 2007, 26104 people lived there.
It is at 51° 18 North, 04° 25 East.
Muslim League (Pakistan)
The Pakistan Muslim League was founded in 1962, as a successor to the previously disbanded Muslim League in Pakistan. Unlike the original PML which ended in 1958 when General Ayub Khan banned all political parties, each subsequent Muslim League was in some way propped by the military dictators of the time: Ayub Khan, General Zia-ul-Haq and General Pervez Musharraf. Every time the pro-establishment political leaders were put together, who splintered apart when the general's blessings faded away.
Currently, Pakistan Muslim League refers to any of the these political parties in Pakistan:
Historically, Pakistan Muslim League can also refer to any of the following political parties in Pakistan:
Martel, Lot
Martel is a commune in the Lot department in south-western France.
The town has a distinctive sky-line with medieval towers. There is a museum containing items from Puy d'Issolud, a local Gallic archaeological site which has been identified as Uxellodunum, besieged by Julius Caesar in 51 BC.
Henry the Young King died here in 1183.
Bosco Gurin
Bosco Gurin or Bosco/Gurin (Walser German: Gurin / Guryn, Lombard: Bosch / Gürin) is a municipality of the district of Vallemaggia in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. It is the only municipality in Ticino where German is a co-official language.
Italian Libya
Italian Libya was a colony of the Kingdom of Italy, from 1911 to (officially) 1947.
History
Italy conquered Libya in 1911 from the Ottoman Empire. Libyan Muslims continued fighting against the Christian Italians for some years, mainly during World War I.
Fighting increased after the dictator Benito Mussolini took power in Italy. Idris (later King of Libya) fled to Egypt in 1922. From 1922 to 1928, Italian forces under General Badoglio waged a "punitive pacification" campaign. Badoglio's successor in the field, Marshal Rodolfo Graziani, accepted the commission from Mussolini on the condition that he was allowed to crush Libyan resistance without having to follow either Italian or international law. Mussolini reportedly agreed immediately and Graziani intensified the oppression. Some Libyans continued to defend themselves, with the strongest voices of dissent coming from Cyrenaica. Omar Mukhtar, a sheikh of the Sennusi tribe, became the leader of the uprising.
Creation of "Libya"
By 1934, Libya was fully pacified and the new Italian governor Italo Balbo started a policy of integration between the Arabs and the Italians. New laws in 1939 allowed Muslims to join the National Fascist Party and in particular the "Muslim Association of the Lictor" (Associazione Musulmana del Littorio). The 1939 reforms also allowed the creation of Libyan military units within the Italian army. During the North African Campaign of World War II this brought strong support for Italy among many Muslim Libyans, who enrolled in the Italian Army
Governor Balbo created "Libya" in 1934, with the unification of Tripolitania, Cyrenaica and Fezzan in a single country. He developed the new "Italian Libya" from 1934 to 1940, creating a huge infrastructure including 4,000 km of roads, 400 km of narrow gauge railways, new industries, and many new agricultural villages.
The Libyan economy prospered, mainly in the agricultural sector. Even some manufacturing activities were developed, mostly related to the food industry. Many building were made. Furthermore, the Italians made modern medical care available for the first time in Libya and improved sanitary conditions in the towns. It was also created a huge web of connections to Italy, by sea and by air (like the Linea dell'Impero, an air route that united Libya with Rome and with Ethiopia/Somalia).
The italian language in libya was commonly used in the main cities and was understood by nearly all the native arab population in the early 1940s.
Howard Christie wrote that:
''The Italians started numerous and diverse businesses in Tripolitania and Cirenaica. These included an explosives factory, railway workshops, Fiat Motor works, various food processing plants, electrical engineering workshops, ironworks, water plants, agricultural machinery factories, breweries, distilleries, biscuit factories, a tobacco factory, tanneries, bakeries, lime, brick and cement works, Esparto grass industry, mechanical saw mills, and the Petrolibya Society (Trye 1998). Italian investment in her colony was to take advantage of new colonists and to make it more self-sufficient. Total native Italian population for Libya was 110,575 out of a total population of 915,440 in 1940 (General Staff War Office 1939, 165/b).''
Governor Balbo promoted the construction of many new villages for many thousands of Italian colonists in the coastal areas of "Italian Libya" and of new villages for the Arabs.
Libya was an important theater of war in World War II. On 13 September 1940, Italian forces used the "Via Balbia" (Mussolini's highway in northern Libya) for the invasion of Egypt. British and allied Allied forces from Egypt, commanded by Wavell made a successful two-month campaign in (Tobruk, Bengasi, El Agheila). Counteroffensives under Rommel in 1940-43, also took place here. In November 1942, the Allied forces retook Cyrenaica; by February 1943, the last German and Italian soldiers were driven from Libya.
162173 Ryugu
162173 Ryugu is a near-Earth object and a potentially dangerous asteroid of the Apollo group. It is about 1 kilometer (0.6 mi) in diameter and is a dark object.
Move (company)
Move, Inc., headquartered in Santa Clara, California, is a leading real estate listing company.
162173 Ryugu
In June 2018, the Japanese spacecraft, Hayabusa2, arrived at the asteroid. After making measurements and taking samples, Hayabusa2 left Ryugu for Earth in November 2019 and returned to Earth on 5 December 2020.
Move (company)
Founded in 1993 as InfoTouch Corporation in Delaware, Move is now based in Santa Clara and operates Move.com and Realtor.com.
Tracey Fellows served as acting CEO of Move and Realtor.com in 2019, followed by David Doctorow taking on the role of CEO in 2020. In 2022, Bryan Ellis assumed the position of chief revenue officer, while Arthur Chapin became the chief growth officer.
Two Gentlemen Sharing
Two Gentlemen Sharing is a 1969 British drama movie directed by Ted Kotcheff and was based on the novel of the same name by David Stuart Leslie. It stars Rob Phillips, Judy Geeson, Norman Rossington, Rachel Kempson, Hilary Dwyer, Ram John Holder, Philip Stone, David Markham.
Indigenous peoples of the North American Southwest
The Indigenous peoples of the North American Southwest are American Indian tribes with similar cultures in the southwest United States and part os northern Mexico. This region includes the present-day states of Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico, Utah, and Nevada. Other names for this region are "American Southwest", "Northern Mexico", "Chichimeca", and "Oasisamerica/Aridoamerica". These areas are usually dry with little rain. However, the grounds are rich and allow for agriculture. The landscape includes plains, valleys, mountains, desert lands, canyons and grasslands. Important people groups include the Southern Athabaskan language group. This includes the Navajo and Apache. The Puebloans are another important group.
Zirndorf
Zirndorf is a town, which is part of Fürth. It is in northern Bavaria, Germany in the Regierungsbezirk of Middle Franconia.
Neighbouring municipalities
The following towns and municipalities share borders with Zirndorf; they are listed in clockwise order, starting in the north:
Harold Washington
Harold Lee Washington (April 15, 1922 – November 25, 1987) was an American lawyer and politician. He became the first African-American Mayor of Chicago, serving from 1983 until his death in 1987. The Harold Washington Library is named after him.
Washington was born on April 15, 1922 in Chicago, Illinois. He studied at Roosevelt College and at Northwestern University School of Law.
He was married to Nancy Dorothy Finch from 1942 until they divorced in 1950. Then he was engaged to Mary Ella Smith until his death in 1987.
Washington died suddenly on November 25, 1987 in Chicago City Hall from a heart attack, aged 65.
Mersenne prime
In mathematics, a Mersenne number is a number that is one less than a power of two.
A Mersenne prime is a Mersenne number that is a prime number. This however, is not sufficient. Many mathematicians prefer the definition of a Mersenne number where exponent n has to be a prime number.
For example, 31 = 25 − 1, and 5 is a prime number, so 31 is a Mersenne number; and 31 is also a Mersenne prime because it is a prime number. But the Mersenne number 2047 = 211 − 1 is not a prime because it is divisible by 89 and 23. And 24 − 1 = 15 can be shown to be composite because 4 is not prime.
Throughout modern times, the largest known prime number has very often been a Mersenne prime. Most sources restrict the term Mersenne number to where n is prime, as all Mersenne primes must be of this form as seen below.
Mersenne primes have a close connection to perfect numbers, which are numbers equal to the sum of their proper divisors. Historically, the study of Mersenne primes was motivated by this connection; in the 4th century BC Euclid demonstrated that if M is a Mersenne prime then M(M+1)/2 is a perfect number. In the 18th century, Leonhard Euler proved that all even perfect numbers have this form. No odd perfect numbers are known, and it is suspected that none exist (If it exist, it would have to be greater than 101500).
It is currently unknown if there is an infinite number of Mersenne primes. Most mathematicians who have studied the question think there are an infinite number of Mersenne primes. Carl Pomerance, Samuel S. Wagstaff Jr. and Hendrik Lenstra developed a formula which they think should say about how many Mersenne primes there are under a given number.
For example, 25 - 1 = 11111 in binary.
The first four Mersenne primes were known by the Ancient Greeks. They are 3, 7, and 127. The next, 8191, was discovered in 1456. Some people like trying to find big primes. Since there are tricks and algorithms to finding Mersenne primes quickly, the largest known primes are also Mersenne primes.
As of December 21, 2018, 51 Mersenne primes have been found. The largest known prime is a Mersenne prime,.
Keerbergen
Keerbergen is a municipality in the Belgian province of Flemish Brabant.
In 2007, 12580 people lived there.
It is at 51° 00 North, 04° 37 East.
Lagira Zala Ji
Lagira Zala Ji is an Indian Marathi language television Drama series. It started on 1 May 2017 and ended on 22 June 2019. It was produced by Shweta Shinde under Vajra Productions.
Production
The series premiered on 1 May 2017 and aired on Zee Marathi from Monday to Saturday at 7 pm by replacing Jai Malhar.
Hodorf
Hodorf is a municipality of the district of Steinburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
Saint-Hilaire-le-Vouhis
Saint-Hilaire-le-Vouhis is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Vendée department in the west of France.
Niti Shah
Niti Shah (born 1996) in Kathmandu, Nepal is a Nepalese actress, model and Miss Nepal International Title titleholder. She has won most popular face of EnVogue and was declared first runner-up in Face's House of Fashion 2013. She represented Nepal at Miss International 2017 which was held in Japan.
She has been featured on TEENZ, VOW, Naari, Navyaata, and many other fashion magazines. She has walked many times in runway for fashion shows, including TGIF Nepal Fashion Week.
Perimeter
In geometry, perimeter is the distance around a flat object. For example, all four sides of a square rhombus have the same length, so a rhombus with side length 2 inches would have a perimeter of 8 inches (2+2+2+2=8).
For a polygon, the perimeter is simply the sum of the length of all of its sides. For a rectangle, the perimeter is twice the sum of its length and width. Perimeter can also be calculated for other planar figures, such as circle, sector and ellipse.
Real-life objects have perimeters as well. A football field, including the end zones, is 360 feet long and 160 feet wide. This means that the perimeter of the field is 360+160+360+160=1040 feet.
The perimeter of a circle is usually called the circumference. It may be calculated by multiplying the diameter times "Pi". Pi is a constant which is approximately equal to 3.14159; however, the places to the right of the decimal are endless. The number of places used depends on the accuracy required for the result.
Satrudhan Mahato
Mahato is also the leader of party the party having been selected unopposed.
Political career
Satrudhan Mahato has served previously as member of Constituent Assembly. Mahato left CPN (UML) to join the CPN (Unified Socialist) led by former Prime Minister Madhav Kumar Nepal.
Johnson City, Tennessee
Johnson City is the principal city of the Johnson City Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is also a component of the Johnson City–Kingsport–Bristol, Tennessee–Virginia Combined Statistical Area – commonly known as the "Tri-Cities" region. The CSA is the fifth-largest in Tennessee with an estimated 500,530 residents.
Economy
The popular citrus soda Mountain Dew traces its origins to Johnson City. In July 2012, PepsiCo announced a new flavored version of the drink named Mountain Dew Johnson City Gold in honor of the city. The drink was test marketed in the Chicago metropolitan area, Denver, and Charlotte, beginning in late August.
Colleges and universities
Milligan University is just outside the city limits in Carter County. It has about 1,200 students in undergraduate and graduate programs.
Northeast State Community College has renovated a building in downtown Johnson City for use as a new satellite teaching site.
Tusculum College is on the north side of Johnson City in the Boones Creek area.
Mick Mulvaney
John Michael "Mick" Mulvaney (born July 21, 1967) is an American politician. Mulvaney was the United States Special Envoy for Northern Ireland from 2020 to 2021. He was the 44th Director of the Office of Management and Budget from February 16, 2017 to March 2020. He was the U.S. Representative for SC's 5th congressional district from 2011 through 2017. He is a member of the Republican Party. Mulvaney served as a member of the South Carolina Senate, representing the 16th district (Lancaster and York Counties), from 2009 to 2011.
Gul Mohamad Zhowandai
Gul Mohamad Zhowandai (1905-1988) was born in Kabul, Afghanistan. He was a poet and writer. He wrote novels in Persian. His published works include:
Mick Mulvaney
He is the first Republican to represent South Carolina's 5th district since 1883. On December 16, 2016, it was reported that Presidential-Elect Donald Trump has selected Mulvaney as Director of the Office of Management and Budget. On February 16, 2017, the Senate confirmed him, 51-49.
In November 2017, Trump controversially appointed Mulvaney as Acting Consumer Financial Protection Bureau.
On December 14, 2018, Trump hired Mulvaney as White House Chief of Staff-designate in an acting capacity.
In March 2020, President Trump nominated Mulvaney to be United States Special Envoy for Northern Ireland. In January 2021, Mulvaney resigned as Special Envoy for Northern Ireland following the storming of the U.S. Capitol.
Early life
Mulvaney was born in Alexandria, Virginia. He grew up in Charlotte, North Carolina, before moving to Indian Land, South Carolina. He studied at Charlotte Catholic High School and then Georgetown University.
Elections
Mulvaney ran against Democratic incumbent John Spratt for SC's 5th congressional district. The race was highlighted by Mitt Romney's Free and Strong America PAC's "Take Congress Back: 10 in '10" initiative as one of the top 10 House challenger races. He defeated Spratt, who had held the seat since 1983, with 55% of the vote.
Mulvaney won re-election to a second term, by defeating Democrat Joyce Knott 56%–44%. He won re-election to a third term, by defeating Democrat Tom Adams, a Fort Mill Town Council member, 59%–41%. Mulvaney was re-elected to a fourth term, winning over 59% of the vote.
Tenure
Mulvaney aligned himself with the Tea Party movement. On December 10, 2013, Republican Representative Paul Ryan and Democratic Senator Patty Murray announced that they had negotiated the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2013, a proposed two-year budget deal. In 2015, Mulvaney voted against a government-funding resolution, in part because it included funding for Planned Parenthood. Mulvaney opposed gun control initiatives.
In September 2015, Mulvaney endorsed Kentucky Senator Rand Paul in the 2016 Republican Party presidential primaries.
Director of the Office of Management and Budget (2017–2020)
On December 16, 2016, Mulvaney was announced to have been chosen by President-elect Donald Trump to be the Director of the Office of Management and Budget.
Mulvaney's nomination as Director-designate was reviewed in hearings held by the members of the United States Senate Committee on the Budget and the United States Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs then presented to the full Senate for a vote. On February 16, 2017, the Senate confirmed Mulvaney, 51-49.
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau controversy
Trump appointed Mulvaney to serve as Acting Director of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. Many believe that Trump cannot appoint an Interim director. The dispute has arisen over whether Mulvaney can be so-named under the FVRA or whether a provision of the Dodd-Frank Act controls, which would make the deputy director, currently Leandra English, acting director of the CFPB instead.
The Senate may also resolve the dispute by confirming a permanent replacement once nominated by the President. On November 28, 2017, a federal judge ruled in Trump's favor to allow Mulvaney to serve as CFRB Acting Director.
Acting White House Chief of Staff (2019–2020)
On December 14, 2018, Donald Trump named Mulvaney as his acting White House Chief of Staff, replacing John F. Kelly. He was sworn-in on January 2, 2019. He was replaced by Mark Meadows in March 2020.
Special Envoy to Northern Ireland (2020–2021)
After leaving his Chief of Staff post, Mulvaney was named Special Envoy for Northern Ireland, a role which had last been held by Gary Hart. His swearing-in was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which also prevented him from making a planned trip to Northern Ireland as envoy.
He was sworn in via virtual FaceTime call on May 1, 2020. He resigned on January 7, 2021.
Abney Golam Samad
Abney Golam Samad (এবনে গোলাম সামাদ) was a Bangladeshi famous sociologist, writer and columnist. He was a professor of Rajshahi University.
Mick Mulvaney
Personal life
Mulvaney has two siblings. He married his wife Pamela West in 1998. They have triplets. He is a Roman Catholic.
Abney Golam Samad
Education
In 1948, Samad passed B. Course from Shiksa Sango Bishnupur which was equivalent to Secondary at that time. Then he passed higher secondary in 1949 from Rajshahi College. Taking an honors degree in Agriculture from Tejgaon, he went to England for his research work on plant disease. He had been doing research on plant viruses in France for four years.
Professional life
Samad came back to Bangladesh in 1963. He was a professor of Rajshahi University on 11th November 1965.
Personal life
Abney Golam Samad's father Md Yasin, was a station master. His mother's name is Nosiron Nesa. He is the father of 4 sons and 2 daughters.
Writing work
He is well-known as Columnist in Bangladesh. He is very fond of writing about politics and society. He acted as a columnist for many years in The Daily Inkilab, The Daily Noya Digonta, and The Daily Amar Desh newspaper. Besides he has many curriculum-based books as well as many extra-curriculum publications.
Some of his books and the publishers are as follows:
Matrix
Matrix can mean:
Heuristic
A heuristic is a practical way to solve a problem. It is better than chance, but does not always work. A person develops a heuristic by using intelligence, experience, and common sense. Trial and error is the simplest heuristic, but one of the weakest. Rule of thumb and 'educated guesses' are other names for simple heuristics. Since a heuristic is not certain to get a result, there are always exceptions.
In computer science, a 'heuristic' is a kind of algorithm. Algorithms are written to get a good solution to a problem. A heuristic algorithm might usually find pretty good solutions, but there is no guarantee or proof that the solutions are correct. The time it takes to run the algorithm is another consideration.
Background
Heuristics is the art of finding an adequate solution to a problem, using limited knowledge and little time. More formally, heuristics are based on experience; they can speed up the search for a solution using simple rules. A complete search may take too long, or may be too difficult to do.
Heuristics can be used in some fields of science, but not in others: For economics, a solution that is one percent off is often acceptable; a telescope that has an error of one degree is probably unusable if aimed at a far-away object. The same telescope pointed to the window across the street will probably tolerate this error; missing by one degree will not have a big impact on a short distance.
Heuristics can be used to estimate an answer which is then made more clear by performing an exact solution at a very small scale, perhaps to save time, money or labor on a project - for example a heuristic guess as to how much weight a bridge is expected to carry can be used to determine whether the bridge should be made of wood, stone or steel, and appropriate quantities of the needed material can be purchased while the exact design of the bridge is being completed.
However, the use of heuristics in certain very technical fields may be damaging – computer science is one example. Programming a computer to perform more or less the desired actions may result in severe glitches. Therefore, computer tasks generally must be fairly exact. However, there are certain areas in which computers can calculate heuristic solutions safely – for example Google's search technology relies heavily on heuristics, producing "near-miss" matches to a search query when an exact match cannot be found. This enables a user to correct for any mistakes the search produces. Example: Searching for the name "Peter Smith" and unable to find that exact name, the search engine heuristically matches "Pete Smith" instead, and the person using the search engine must decide whether Pete and Peter are the same person.
Polya
Here are some other commonly used heuristics, from Polya's 1945 book, How to Solve It:
Packing problem
Knapsack.svg: which boxes should be chosen to maximize the amount of money and keep the overall weight under 15 kg? A multi dimensional problem could consider the density or dimensions of the boxes, the latter a typical packing problem.
(The solution in this case is to choose all of the boxes besides the green one.)]]
One example where heuristics are useful is a kind of packing problem. The problem consists of packing a number of items. There are rules that need to be respected. For example, each item has a value and a weight. The problem now is to get the most valuable items, with the least weight possible. Another instance is fitting a number of differently-sized items into a confined space, like the trunk of a car.
To get the perfect solution to the problem, all possibilities must be tried. This is often not a good option, as trying them takes a long time, and on average, half the possibilities must be tried until a solution is found. So what most people will do is to start with the biggest item, fit it in, and then try to arrange the other items around it. This will give a good solution, most of the time. There are cases however, where such a solution is very bad and another technique must be used.
Therefore, this is a heuristic solution.
Rebirth (album)
Rebirth is a studio album by Lil Wayne. It is his debut rap rock album. It was supported by the songs: "Prom Queen", "Knockout" (featuring Nicki Minaj), and "Drop The World" (featuring Eminem).
Saint-Jean-de-Beugné
Saint-Jean-de-Beugné is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Vendée department in the west of France.
Kelmis
Kelmis or La Calamine is a municipality in the Belgian province of Liège.
In 2007, 10472 people lived there.
It is at 50° 43 North, 06° 00 East.
Carlos Calvo
Carlos Andrés "Carlín" Calvo (21 February 1953 – 11 December 2020) was an Argentine actor and comedian. His career began in 1972. Calvo was best known for his roles in Enrique Dawi directed movies such Locos por la música (1980), Los Hijos de López (1980) and in Adiós, Roberto (1985). Calvo was born in Buenos Aires.
Calvo died of problems caused by multiple strokes in Buenos Aires on 11 December 2020, aged 67.
Chicago City Hall
Chicago City Hall is the official city hall of the City of Chicago in Illinois, United States. Next to the Richard J. Daley Center and the James R. Thompson Center, the building that includes Chicago City Hall has the offices of the mayor. The building's east side (called the County Building) is for offices of Cook County. It is on a city block bounded by Randolph, LaSalle, Washington, and Clark streets. The 11-story building was designed by the architectural firm Holabird & Roche in the classical revival style. The building was officially dedicated on February 27, 1911.
Johan Huizinga
Johan Huizinga (7 December 1872 – 1 February 1945) was a Dutch historian, known as author of work The Autumn of the Middle Ages (1919). He was also employer of Groningen University and Leiden University.
Charles X
Charles X (1757-1836), king of France and Navarre (1824-30). He was the grandson of Louis XV and younger brother of kings Louis XVI and Louis XVIII. Charles was known as Charles Philippe, comte d'Artois, until he became king. During the French Revolution he was one of the leaders of the émigrés. Charles X was the last senior Bourbon to rule France.
Early Life
Charles-Philippe was born in 1757, the youngest son of the Dauphin Louis Ferdinand, and his wife, the Dauphine Marie Josèphe, at the Palace of Versailles. Charles was named comte d'Artois at birth by his grandfather, the reigning King Louis XV. As the youngest male in the family Charles seemed unlikely ever to become king.
Charles' father died in 1765, which left Charles' oldest surviving brother, Louis-Auguste (the later Louis XVI), to succeed their father in the capacity of Dauphin, the French equivalent to a crown prince or heir apparent. Charles' mother, Marie Josèphe, never recovered from the loss of her husband and she died in March 1767 from tuberculosis. This left Charles an orphan at the age of nine.
Throughout the 1770s, Charles spent lavishly. He accumulated enormous debts (they totalled 21 million livres), which Louis XVI paid for him in the early 1780s. Their brother the comte de Provence also accumulated debts of a similar magnitude, which Louis XVI also paid off.
His political awakening started with the first great crisis of the monarchy in 1786, after which he headed the reactionary faction at the court of Louis XVI. The comte d'Artois supported the removal of the aristocracy's financial privileges, but was opposed to any reduction in the social privileges enjoyed by both the Church and the nobility.
During and After the French Revolution
When the French Revolutionary Wars broke out in 1792, Charles escaped to Great Britain. George III of Great Britain and Ireland welcomed the comte d'Artois warmly, and gave him a generous allowance. He lived in Edinburgh and London with his mistress Louise de Polastron. After the accession (1814) of Louis XVIII to the French throne, Charles returned to France, where he headed the ultraroyalist party of reaction.
King of France
Charles' first act as King of France was to grant the style of Royal Highness to his cousins of the cadet branch of the House of Bourbon, the Orléans. Because the Duke of Orleans had voted the death of his brother Louis XVI, Louis XVIII had greatly disliked the Orléans family. However, Charles intended it to create a unified House of Bourbon.His favoritism during his reign toward the Roman Catholic Church and the aristocracy aroused great opposition, leading to the July Revolution of 1830.
July Revolution
Charles X was a strong believer in absolutism and rejected the Charter of the French Liberties, issued by his predecessor and brother Louis XVIII. In July 1830, he suspended the legislature, limited the right to vote, and restricted the press. Liberals and radicals responded forcefully to the absolute king. In Paris, angry citizens threw up barricades across the narrow streets. Others fired at soldiers and threw stones and roof tiles. The revolutionary tricolor flew from the towers of Notre Dame cathedral. Charles was forced to abdicate. He again went into exile in Britain. He was succeeded by his cousin, Louis-Philippe, son of the Duke of Orleans who had supported the French Revolution.
Death
Charles caught cholera when he arrived in Gorizia, Italy. He died on November 6 1836. The townspeople draped their windows in black to mourn him. Charles was buried in the Church of the Annunciation of Our Lady, in the Franciscan Kostanjevica Monastery (now in Nova Gorica, Slovenia).
Marriage and issue
Charles X married Princess Maria Teresa of Savoy, the daughter of Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia and Maria Antonia of Spain on 16 November 1773. The couple had four children:
Esther Morales Fernández
At the 2009 IPC European Swimming Championship in Reykjavik, Iceland, Sarai Gascón Moreno, Ana Rubio, Esther Morales and  Julia Castelló won a bronze medal in the 4x100 meter medley relay. In 2010, she competed at the Tenerife International Open. Before the 2010 Adapted Swimming World Championship in the Netherlands, she went to a swimming camp with the national team that was part of the Paralympic High Performance Program (HARP Program).
Kemi Omololu-Olunloyo
Kemi Omololu-Olunloyo (born Olukemi Omololu-Olunloyo, 6 August 1964) is a journalist, blogger and activist in Nigeria. She is the daughter of former Oyo State governor Victor Omololu-Olunloyo. She is well-known in the Nigerian online community for making highly disputed and controversial claims about topics with high emotional stakes. Omololu-Olunloyo has also been criticized for many claims she has made about her life and career because many of them have been proven to be either false or made up.
Background
Omololu-Olunloyo is the daughter of former Oyo State governor Victor Omololu Olunloyo and the second of ten children. She lived for 14 years in Nigeria, 20 years in the United States, and five years in Canada before going back to Nigeria.
Career
Omololu-Olunloyo has been a guest talking about terrorism and health topics on CBC News, Ruptly, CTV News, BBC and Nigerian Television Authority. She also worked as a music journalist with the Nigerian Tribune.
On 3 September 2022, Isaiah Ogedegbe repeated his advice to Kemi Omololu-Olunloyo in which he said Kemi should be careful when writing about people. This was the second time he said it because he had given Kemi that advice before.
However, on 18 April 2023, Isaiah Ogedegbe digressed from advising to criticizing Kemi Omololu-Olunloyo for using the deaths of some important people's children to gain cheap popularity and he described her as "controversial" and "irrational".
Nitrogen narcosis
Nitrogen narcosis is a problem for underwater divers. It affects the brain and nervous system a lot like alcohol, but goes away when the diver rises to a shallower depth. It does not have lasting effects after the depth is reduced.
Who can get it
Any underwater diver who goes deeper than 30 m (100 ft)while breathing air, or any time when the pressure of nitrogen in the breathing gas is more than about 3,2 bar.
How to prevent it
It only happens when the pressure of nitrogen is high. If the pressure is kept low by staying at a shallower depth it will not happen. If the breathing gas has less nitrogen it will only start at a deeper depth. Helium gas can be used in place of nitrogen in breathing gas for divers to make it less likely to have nitrogen narcosis.
What actually happens
The nitrogen gas dissolved in the diver affects the working of nerve cells. At higher pressures more nitrogen can be dissolved.
It starts off as a mild effect like being slightly drunk, but as the pressure increases it gets more serious, like getting more drunk. Eventually the diver may lose consciousness.
Why is it a problem
A diver who has nitrogen narcosis will have slower reactions and may not think clearly. If something goes wrong the diver may not be able to cope with the problem. This can be dangerous.
What to do about it
The diver can move to a shallower depth or change to a different breathing gas with less nitrogen. This will usually be a mixture containing helium.
Beaupuy
Beaupuy can be any of the following communes in France:
Saint-Jean-de-Monts
Saint-Jean-de-Monts is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Vendée department in the west of France.
Natalie Horler
Natalie Christine Horler (born 23 September 1981 in Bonn, West Germany ) is a German singer-songwriter of English origin. Her parents David and Christine Horler, are English. She is the lead singer of the Eurodance dance-pop group Cascada.
Insolation
Insolation is derived from  the  words "incoming solar radiation". Insolation is specifically applied to radiation which is arriving at earth’s atmosphere first and then earth's surface. The heat is derived from solar energy, normally called solar radiation. Insolation is the solar radiation that reaches the earth's surface. It is measured by the amount of solar energy received per square centimetre per minute. Similarly, solar energy received by the earth is called insolation. It is the amount of incoming solar radiation that is received over a unit area of the earth’s surface. Solar energy received over the planet’s surface varies according to season, latitude, transparency of the atmosphere, and aspect or ground slope.
Insolation affects temperature. The more the insolation, the higher the temperature.
In any given day, the strongest insolation is received at noon.
Evacuate the Dancefloor
"Evacuate the Dancefloor" is a hit song off the album of the same name by German music group Cascada. The single was released as the lead single of the album June 29, 2009, debuting at #1 on the UK singles chart. It was their third hit song in the United States on many music charts. The song also hit Top 5 in Canada, France and certain other countries.
Insolation
Factors influencing insolation
The amount of insolation received on the earth’s surface is not uniform everywhere. It varies according to the place and time. When the tropical regions receive maximum annual insolation, it gradually decreases towards the poles. Insolation happens more in summers and less in winters. The major factors which influence the amount of insolation received are:
Solar Constant
At the top of the earth’s atmosphere, received insolation is  expressed  as  the  solar  constant. It receives at  the  top  of  the  atmospheric surface (thermopause) on  a perpendicular  plane  to the solar beam. The average insolation received at the thermopause i.e.1368Wm2(Watt per squaremetre)energy(solar constant) is in the form of short wave. Thus, it is termed as solar constant for that mean  distance  from  the  sun. These solar constant is  varying  over 1 Wm2 by  periodic disturbances and explosions in the solar surface basically related to sun spot. Sun spots are dark and cooler areas visible on the sun’s surface.The recent  researches  have  shown  that  more and more  energy  is  released  when  the  sunpots  are  in  large  number.The  number  of  sunspots  also increases  or  decreases  on  a  regular  basis,  creating  a  cycle  of  11  years.
The angle of incidence
Since the earth is a geoid resembling a sphere, the sun’s rays strike the surface at different angles at different places. This depends on the latitude of the place.The higher the latitude, the less is the angle they make with the surface of the earth. The area covered by the vertical rays is always less than the slant rays. If more area is covered, the energy gets distributed and the net energy received per unit area decreases. Moreover, the sun’s rays with small angle traverse more of the atmosphere than rays striking at a large angle.
Duration of The Day
The length of  the  day  determines  the  duration  of  sunlight  which  affects  the  amount  of solar radiation received by the earth’s surface. The longer period  of sunshine,  greater  the  quantity  of solar  radiation will be  received by  a  portion  of  earth.For  example,  at  the  equator  the  length  of days  and  nights  is  12  hours in  all  the  months but the  tropics  of  Arctic  and  Antarctic sunshine duration varies between 0 and 24. On the autumn and springe quinoxes (September 23and March 21 respectively),the sun is overhead at the equatorat noon.The night and day all over the earth are equal on these days and maximum amount of insolation is received at the equator, and the amount of insolation decreasing towards the  poles.It  is  caused  by  vertical  sunshine  at  equator  but  with  increasing  latitudes,  the rays  become  more  and  more  slanting. Therefore, poleward,  the  received  energy  keeps  on declining.
Earth's Distance from Sun
The earth is revolving around  the  sun  in  an  elliptical  orbit, resulting  continuous  change  in the distance between sun and the earth on annual basis. It leads to seasonal variation in solar energy received by the  earth.The  mean  distance  between  the  earth  and  sun  is  about  149,600,000 kilometers(92,900,000  miles).When  earth position is  farthest(152  million  km)  from sun  is known as ‘aphelion’ on  July  4. It is  perihelion(147  million  km)occurs on January  3  each  year which  is  the  closest  distance. During aphelion the  northern  hemisphere  is  facing  the  sun  and therefore  receives  energy  about  7  percent  less  than  the  perihelion  (southern  hemisphere).
Transparency of the Atmosphere
Atmosphere is not transparent for all the radiation coming from the sun because of different composition and layers. It is also  one  of  the  controlling  factors of  insolation to  reach  earth surface. The  atmosphere   is   composed   of   gases,   water   vapour   and particulate   matters.The atmosphere  is  a  mixture  of  gases,such  as nitrogen(N),  oxygen  (O2), Argon, carbon  dioxide, Neon  (Ne),  Helium  (He),  Methane  (CH4),  Krypton  (Kr),  Ozone  (O3),  Nitrous  oxide  (N2O), Hydrogen (H) and Xenon (Xe). The atmosphere also contains water vapour, water in the gaseous state.
The longer the duration of daylight, the more the insolation received per day.
Saint-Juire-Champgillon
Saint-Juire-Champgillon is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Vendée department in the west of France.
2017 AFC U-19 Women's Championship
2017 AFC U-19 Women's Championship was held in China from 15 to 28 October.
Auty
Auty is a commune of the Tarn-et-Garonne department in the Midi-Pyrénées region. It can be found in the southern part of France.