cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Tropical Storm Laura (2008)
Tropical Storm Laura was the twelfth named storm of the 2008 Atlantic hurricane season. Laura formed out of a large non-tropical low pressure area 1015 miles (1635 km) west of the western islands of the Azores on September 29. Laura slowly got tropical characteristics throughout the day as it moved over warmer waters. On the afternoon of September 30, Laura had gotten enough tropical characteristics to be designated as a "Tropical Storm". Soon after becoming tropical, Laura began to start an extratropical transition, which did not completely take place until the morning of October 1. Laura became reduced into a post-tropical cyclone later that morning, and the National Hurricane Center gave out its last advisory on the storm.
Meteorological History
The overall structure of Laura remained subtropical but there were indications that it was acquiring tropical characteristics. During the afternoon, satellites revealed that Laura had developed a deep warm core, a characteristic of a tropical cyclone, but the wind field remained subtropical in nature. By the nighttime hours, the radius of the strongest winds contracted to 80 mi (130 km), much smaller than what is typical of a subtropical cyclone. However, Laura was still under the influence of an upper-level low and cloud tops remained shallow. However, the cloud tops became colder overnight and Laura was on the verge of becoming a tropical cyclone by the morning of September 30, but strong interaction with the upper-level low meant it was still subtropical. Despite moving over colder waters, a water vapor satellite image determined that Laura had separated itself from the upper-level low, signifying it had developed into a tropical cyclone. Laura was upgraded to a tropical storm at a relatively high latitude, 41.2°N.
Not long after being declared tropical, early signs of an extratropical transition appeared. Cold air began to enter the storm on the west side and forecast models showed Laura becoming extratropical the next morning and non-tropical later the next day. Overnight, convection associated with Laura began to diminish and lose tropical characteristics, but still retained its status. Early on October 1, the extratropical transition was fully apparent. Laura remained tropical but the cloud pattern was becoming frontal and there was little convection around the center of the system. Laura later degenerated into a post-tropical cyclone, a term that had been previously used by the Canadian Hurricane Centre to describe a storm that has lost tropical characteristics, but is not subtropical or extratropical. The transition was forecasted to be complete by the end of the day.
Impact
While Laura was a tropical cyclone, it never came near land, so no effects or damages happened and no one died. But, the storm's remains were caught in an upper-level jet stream, and was pushed towards Europe. Heavy rain fell across parts of Britain, creating localized build up of flood waters. Because of that, Glebe Road near Windermere, England was closed in both directions, and along the A65 road between Old Hutton and Kirkby Lonsdale, previously wet soil, as well with overwhelmed storm drains resulted in localized flooding. Traffic on the M6 Motorway was slowed because of bad driving conditions.
After the remains of now extratropical Laura made its final landfall on the southern coast of the Netherlands, its rain clouds started mix with a cold front related to a well-developed low west of Norway, dropping up to 113 mm (4.5 in) of precipitation in the northwestern Netherlands, flooding streets and homes in the village of Hippolytushoef. More than 10,000 people lost electricity in southern Norway because of damage to the electrical system created by the remains of the storm.
James E. Gunn
James Edwin Gunn (July 12, 1923 – December 23, 2020) was an American science fiction writer, editor, scholar, and anthologist. His work as an editor of anthologies includes the six-volume Road to Science Fiction series.
Awards
Gunn won the Hugo Award for "Best Related Work" in 1983 and he has won or been nominated for several other awards for his non-fiction works in the field of science fiction studies. The Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America made him its 24th Grand Master in 2007 and he was inducted by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame in 2015.
Educator
Gunn was a professor emeritus of English, and the founding director of the Center for the Study of Science Fiction, both at the University of Kansas.
Death
Gunn died in Lawrence, Kansas on the morning of December 23, 2020, at age 97.
Amasya
Amasya is a city in northern Turkey. The city is in the Amasya Province and is in the mountains near the Black Sea coast. In 2013, 134,434 people lived there.
Hendungen
Hendungen is a municipality in Rhön-Grabfeld in Bavaria in Germany.
SCBC TV
The Southern Cameroons Broadcasting Corporation (SCBC TV) is an Anglophone Cameroonian television channel that has been transmitting since 6 May 2017.
History
The Southern Cameroons Broadcasting Corporation (SCBC TV), is a channel primarily focused on the history and culture of the peoples of the English-speaking regions of Cameroon, interviews with exiled leaders and documentaries on human rights abuses in these regions.
It started on 6 May 2017 and is currently based in South Africa.
The Cameroonian government wanted to shut down the channel because of its reports on the Anglophone Crisis.
Leyland, Lancashire
Leyland is a town in the South Ribble borough, in the county of Lancashire, England. It is about six miles (10 km) south of the city of Preston. The population of the town was about 35,600 in 2011.
The name of the town is of old Anglo-Saxon origin, meaning "untilled land".
History
English Leyland was an area of fields, with Roman roads passing through, from ancient Wigan to Walton-le-Dale.
Transport
Leyland railway station is on the West Coast Main Line and is run by Northern. There is one train an hour between Liverpool Lime Street and Preston. There is also one train an hour between Manchester Victoria/Hazel Grove to Blackpool North.
Church of Saint Michael, Vienna
St. Michael's Church (Michaelerkirche) is a church in Vienna, Austria. It is a Roman Catholic church and is one of the oldest churches in the city. The church is named after Saint Michael, an important angel for Roman Catholics. It was built between 1220 and 1240 in the Romanesque style.
Many changes have been made to the church over the years, both inside and outside. The steeple was added in the 16th century. The church's facade (the outside front of the building) was changed to a neo-classical style in 1792. The facade has not changed since then.
Leyland, Lancashire
Education
Leyland is made up by six different areas, the town centre itself as the main retail side, with the railway station, library and shops nearby. The other areas include Broadfield, Moss Side, Worden Park, Turpin Green and the Wade Hall estate.
Church of Saint Michael, Vienna
Notable items
There is a large statue of St. Michael on top of the front door of the church. Inside the church, the altarpiece has a large sculpture by Lorenzo Mattielli (1688 – 1748). The sculpture shows Saint Michael sending the bad angels out of Heaven. Below the sculpture, there are statues of two angels holding a picture of the Virgin Mary.
Empire of Nicaea
The Empire of Nicaea (Βασίλειον τῆς Νίκαιας) was the largest of the Byzantine Greek states founded by the nobility of the Byzantine Empire after Constantinople was conquered during the Fourth Crusade. It lasted from 1204 to 1261.
Leyland, Lancashire
People
Famous people who have grown up or lived in Leyland include:
Church of Saint Michael, Vienna
Notable items
This church is very near to the Hofburg Palace, the palace of the Holy Roman Emperors. St. Michael's was the parish church of the Emperors and their families. Many famous people are buried in the church. One of them is the Italian poet, Pietro Metastasio. The church has a very large pipe organ. Parts of the organ are covered with gilt (thin sheets of gold). The famous composer, Joseph Haydn, played this organ when he was a very young man. In 1791, parts of Mozart's Requiem (music set to the words of the Requiem Mass) were performed for the very first time in St. Michael's Church. They were performed in memory of Mozart by the singers and musicians who worked with him in Vienna.
Empire of Nicaea
Founded by the Laskaris Dynasty it would be the Byzantine rump-state to recapture Constantinople in 1261 and reform the Byzantine Empire and is seen as the continuation of the Byzantine Empire.
The Despotate of Epirus contested the claim in 1224 and became the Empire of Thessalonica, but was forced to renounce their claim by the Nicenes in 1242. The Empire of Trebizond declared its independence a few weeks before the Sack of Constantinople in 1204, ended their claim of being a continuation of the Byzantines in the Treaty of 1282.
Indie Book Awards
Indie Book Awards( Next Generation Indie Book Awards) is an American literary awards program. It recognizes and honors authors and books in different categories. "Indies" include small presses, larger independent publishers, university presses, e-book publishers, and self-published authors. It was established in 2007. It is the largest international awards program and, is presented by the Independent Book Publishing Professionals Group.
History
This award was founded in 2007 by Catherine Goulet and Marilyn Allen of Allen O’Shea Literary Agency.. It is presented by the Independent Book Publishing Professionals Group. The judges are professionals from the publishing industry,literary agents, editors and authors.
Trophy,cash prizes and medals are awarded to winners and finalists each year during Book Expo America .The top books in each category are reviewed by literary agents. The awards ceremonies are held in New York City.The Next Generation Indie Book Awards program has been said to be the 'Sundance ' of the book publishing world.
Rome (TV series)
Rome is a British-American-Italian historical drama television series on HBO.
Kåre Valebrokk
Kåre Valebrokk (17 December 1940 – 9 February 2013 ) was a Norwegian journalist, editor and television executive. He was editor-in-chief and administrative director of TV 2 from October 1999 until June 2007, when he retired. He was the father of economist and editor Per Valebrokk (born 1972). He was born in Kristiansand, Vest-Agder.
Valebrokk died from in his sleep from natural causes on 9 February 2013 in Oslo. He was 72 years old.
Vladimír Holan
Biography
Vladimír Holan was born in 1905 in Prague. He got his high-school certificate in 1926 and started to study law. However, he was not much interested in it and left the university quickly. He worked in an office and after some years abandoned it because of ill health.
In 1926 Holan published his first book of poetry named Blouznivý vějíř (A Thoughtful Fan). The poet himself was not much pleased with the book. In 1930 he published another book which was more successful, named Triumf smrti (The Triumph of Death). Many other books followed that. The most important work by Holan is Noc s Hamletem (A night with Hamlet). Holan wrote poems till 1977 when his only daughter died. After it he wrote nothing more. Holan was awarded many times and nominated for Nobel prize. The poet died in Prague in 1980. He was buried at Olšany Cemetery in Prague.
Work
Holan's poems are different and usually regarded as difficult. The poems are full of symbols and images that can be understood in different ways. He used classical verse forms and free verse as well. He is also known to have employed alliteration and puns. Holan was also a translator. He translated European literature into Czech.
Ardahan
Ardahan is a city in northeastern Turkey. The city is in the Eastern Anatolia Region. In 2013, 40,874 people lived there.
Artvin
Artvin is a city in northeastern Turkey. The city is in the Karadeniz Region. In 2013, 33,415 people lived there.
Entrepreneur
An entrepreneur is a person who organizes a venture to benefit from an opportunity, rather than working as an employee. Entrepreneurs play a key role in any economy. These are the people who have the skills and initiative necessary to anticipate current and future needs and bring good new ideas to market.
Entrepreneurs who are successful in taking on the risks of a startup are rewarded with profits, fame and continued growth opportunities. Those who fail suffer losses and become less important in the markets. Many fail, lose money, and close the business. The entrepreneur assumes all the risks and rewards of the venture and is usually the sole proprietary, a partner or the owner of the majority of shares in an incorporated venture. As the main decision maker the entrepreneur monitors and controls the business activities.
Herbstadt
Herbstadt is a municipality in Rhön-Grabfeld in Bavaria in Germany. It has the following villages: Breitensee, Herbstadt, Ottelmannshausen and a hamlet: Dörfleshof.
Entrepreneur
According to Joseph Schumpeter (1883 - 1950) entrepreneurs regard profit as a standard for measuring achievement or success. He discovered that they:
Entrepreneurship is sometimes categorized among the factors of production, along with land/natural resources, labor and capital. An entrepreneur combines these to manufacture goods or provide services. He or she typically creates a business plan, hires labor, acquires resources and financing, and provides leadership and management for the business.
Entrepreneurs commonly face many obstacles when building their companies.
Given the riskiness of a new venture, the acquisition of capital funding is particularly challenging, and many entrepreneurs deal with it via bootstrapping.
While some entrepreneurs are lone players struggling to get small businesses off the ground on a shoestring, others take on partners armed with greater access to capital and other resources.
Definitions of Entrepreneurship
Economists have never had a consistent definition of "entrepreneur" or "entrepreneurship" (the word "entrepreneur" comes from the French verb entreprendre, meaning "to undertake"). Though the concept of an entrepreneur existed and was known for centuries, the classical and neoclassical economists left entrepreneurs out of their formal models:
They assumed that perfect information would be known to fully rational actors, leaving no room for risk-taking or discovery. It wasn't until the middle of the 20th century that economists seriously attempted to incorporate entrepreneurship into their models.
Three thinkers were central to the inclusion of entrepreneurs: Joseph Schumpeter, Frank Knight and Israel Kirzner. Schumpeter suggested that entrepreneurs – not just companies – were responsible for the creation of new things in the search of profit. Knight focused on entrepreneurs as the bearers of uncertainty and believed they were responsible for risk premiums in financial markets. Kirzner thought of entrepreneurship as a process that led to discovery.
Eubie Blake
Eubie Blake (February 7, 1883 or 1887 - February 12, 1983) was an American pianist and composer. There is some confusion about his birth date. During the latter part of his life he had said that he was born in 1883. However, recently released documents - the 1900 United States census, his World War 1 draft card, his Social Security registration and his passport registration - all say that he was born in 1887. People saying they were born earlier than they actually were ("back dating") was common with musicians from that time. Jelly Roll Morton is another well known example of this. Blake also said that he composed his "Charleston Rag" in 1899. If this was true, he would have been 12 years old at the time. There is no evidence he was composing at that age or at that time. People who study ragtime believe this may be another case of "backdating". Blake was born in Baltimore, Maryland.
Husby
Husby is a locality in Hedemora Municipality in Dalarna County in Sweden. In 2010, 256 people lived there.
Hangar 18 (song)
"Hangar 18" is a song by American thrash metal band Megadeth. It is from the band's 1990 studio album Rust in Peace. The name is based off of Hangar 18 at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. Some people think that an alien flying craft was brought to Hangar 18 from Roswell, New Mexico, in 1947.
Sequel
A sequel to "Hangar 18", named "Return to Hangar", was put on Megadeth's ninth album The World Needs a Hero. The sequel is about the space aliens held in Hangar 18 coming to life and escaping.
Awards
"Hangar 18" was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Metal Performance, but did not win.
Annapolis, Maryland
Annapolis is the capital city of the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the census in 2010, its population was 38,394. It is home to the United States Naval Academy, where the United States Naval Officers get their training. It is also home to Saint John's College, originally King William's School founded in 1696. Annapolis is the oldest seat of government still in service in America.
History
Annapolis became the temporary capital of the United States after the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1783. Congress was in session in the state house from November 26, 1783 to June 3, 1784, and it was in Annapolis on December 23, 1783 that General Washington resigned his commission as commander-in-chief of the Continental Army.
Chesapeake Bay
Annapolis is also known as the sailing capital of the U.S. It is on Chesapeake Bay, the largest inland tidal estuary in the world. The Chesapeake Bay can not sustain the higher life that once filled these waters, and 3 of the main harvests need to be re-stocked by man in order to maintain 1/10th (or less) of the numbers - Oysters and Rockfish, and more recently as reported in the Capital, Blue Crab stocks are at an all-time and ever-decreasing low, with scientists from University of Maryland researching how to raise crabs for re-introduction.
Nature
Chesapeake Bay Native plants and animals are often crowded out by invasive species which are more hardy to the now-polluted environment. Fragmites, the Chinese Mitten Crab, English Ivy, and the Mute Swan are examples of invasive species thriving in this man-altered environment.
Transport
Annapolis is the only capital city in America east of the Mississippi River without any rail transportation.
Bingöl
Bingöl is a city in eastern Turkey. The city is in the Eastern Anatolia Region. In 2007, 86,511 people lived there.
Rosalina
Rosalina is a character from the Mario video game series. She is the third major female character after Princess Peach and Princess Daisy. In the Mario games, she watches over the Comet Observatory. The Comet Observatory is an area in space that orbits the Mushroom Kingdom every 100 years.
Appearances
Rosalina first appears in Super Mario Galaxy. There, she acts as an ally to Mario. After Bowser attacks the Comet Observatory, she gives Mario the task of getting back the observatory's Power and Grand Stars. She also gives Mario a creature named Luma to help him in his adventure.
Rosalina makes her first playable appearance in Mario Kart Wii. She is an unlockable character. Rosalina later appears in Mario Kart 7. There, she is again an unlockable character. She also has her own track called Rosalina's Ice World.
Çankırı
Çankırı is a city in northern Turkey. The city is in the Central Anatolia. In 2010, 85,073 people lived there.
Karol Szymanowski
Karol Maciej Szymanowski (6 October 1882 - 29 March 1937) was a Polish composer. Next to Frederic Chopin, Karol was Poland's most famous composer. He is thought to be one of the greatest Polish composers of the first half of the 20th century.
Early life
Szymanowski was born on his family's estate in Tymoszówka in what is today Ukraine. He studied in Berlin and Warsaw.
Music
His music can be divided into three phases.
George Graham (footballer)
George Graham is a former football player. He has played for Scotland national team.
International
!Total||12||3
Karol Szymanowski
Music
Early works before World War I showed his repertoire for the works of Frederic Chopin, Richard Wagner and Richard Strauss.
The second phase is influenced by the Orient and Mediterranean cultures. His music during this phase resulted in many of his best known compositions.
The third phase began in 1921. It has much what is similar to Polish folk themes. This work defined Polish themed music and is thought to include his greatest works. Initially, his music was not well accepted in Poland.
Works
The works of Szymanowski include four symphonies, two violin concertos, the operas Hagith and King Roger, the ballet-pantomime Harnasie, the oratorio Stabat Mater, as well as many piano, violin, vocal and choral compositions. His most popular works was his ballet Harnasie and opera King Roger. "Harnasie" was first shown in Prague and later shown at the Paris Opera. It was received with acclamation and enthusiasm, both by critics and the public. Health and financial problems brought his work to an end in 1934. Szymanowski died after a short stay in a sanatorium in Lausanne, Switzerland.
Death
He died of tuberculosis in Lausanne, Switzerland on 28 March 1937. He was buried on 7 April 1937 at the cemetery for the Polish nobles, in Pauline in Krakow.
Baneh
Baneh (, بانە ،, Bane) is a city in Iran. It is the capital of Baneh County in the Kurdistan region.
Masaaki Yanagishita
Masaaki Yanagishita (born 1 January 1960) is a former Japanese football player.
Gresham's law
Gresham's law is commonly written: "Bad money drives out good."
Masaaki Yanagishita
In 2003, he became a coach for Jubilo Iwata. His career as a coach continued at Consadole Sapporo and Albirex Niigata.
Club career statistics
42||0||0||0||2||0||44||0 42||0||0||0||2||0||44||0
Ukrainian Americans
A Ukrainian American is a citizen of the United States with ancestors from Ukraine. There have been Ukrainian people living in North America since the early 1600s. There are about one million Ukrainian Americans and many live in the North East and the West of the United States, in states like New York, Pennsylvania, California, New Jersey, Illinois and Washington.
Numbers
The number of Ukrainians in the United States is 354,832. There are 408,504 people who identify as Ukrainian. Many of them were born in the United States. Only about 20% are actual immigrants. About a third of people of Ukrainian origin speak Ukrainian. Almost 143 thousand (15%) use it in everyday life.
States with the largest number of people using the Ukrainian language in the family (2006—2008):
Gresham's law
If people want one thing ("good" money) more than the other ("bad" money), they will always offer the bad money in trade before the good money. Over time, the good money will be kept in pocket, and only the bad money will be found in the market. The law is named after Sir Thomas Gresham (1519-1579). Gresham founded the Royal Exchange in 1565.
You Can't Do That
"You Can't Do That" is a 1964 song by The Beatles and is the A-side to their hit single Can't Buy Me Love. It was written by John Lennon. It went to number 33 in Canada and number 48 in the United States. It was covered by Harry Nilsson in 1967 where it went to number 10 in Canada and number 122 in the United States.
Gresham's law
Examples
Silver coins were widely circulated in Canada (until 1968) and in the United States (until 1964 for dimes (ten cents) and quarters and 1970 for half dollars). However, these countries made their coins cheaper to make by switching to cheaper metals. The silver coins disappeared from circulation as people kept them for the value of their metal. The new coins had value as coins, but less value as metal.
The same process happens now with the copper content of coins such as the pre-1997 Canadian penny (one cent), the pre-1982 United States penny and the pre-1992 UK copper pennies and two pence. This also occurred even with coins made of less expensive metals such as steel in India.
Dharma & Greg
Dharma & Greg is an American sitcom television series that originally aired on ABC from 1997 to 2002, for five seasons.
Sakaka solar plant
The Sakaka solar plant Project is a 300-megawatt solar photovoltaic farm that was developed at a site of 6 square kilometres near Sakaka in the Al-Jawf region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It is developed and managed by Sakaka Solar Company (SSEC). the plant is a joint venture between AquaPower 70% and SSEC at 30%. It is the first utility-scale solar project in Saudi Arabia. The work on the $320 million farm started in November 2018 and was connected to the local network in November 2019.
Misunderstanding (Genesis song)
"Misunderstanding" is a 1980 song by Genesis and taken from their 10th studio album Duke. It went to number 14 in the United States, number 42 in the United Kingdom and topped the single charts in Canada where it was their biggest hit for 1980 in Canada.
Zinnia
Zinnia is a plant in the Asteraceae, or flowering plant family as it’s genus as itself. They have notably long-stems that come in many bright colors.
Andreas Johansson
Andreas Johansson (born 5 July 1978) is a Swedish football player. He plays for Aalborg.
Zinnia
Zinnias are garden flowers that come in many flower colors and shapes, and can live in summer temperature, and are easy to grow from seeds. They are grown in fertile, well drained soil in an area with much sunlight and outdoors. They remake seeds each year, so it is an annual plant.
Andreas Johansson
Club career statistics
230||67 29||4 61||13 320||84
Zinnia
Zinnias was named after Johann Gottfried Zinn who was a botanist (plant scientist). They are native to Mexico.
Andreas Johansson
International career statistics
!Total||16||0
John Whedon
John Ogden Whedon (November 5, 1905 – November 21, 1991) was an American screenwriter. He was best known for his writing for the television series The Donna Reed Show during the 1950s. Whedon wrote for The Andy Griffith Show, The Dick Van Dyke Show and Leave It To Beaver. He was the father of screenwriter Tom Whedon. He was the grandfather of screenwriter and director Joss Whedon and screenwriter Zack Whedon.
Homo cepranensis
Homo cepranensis is a proposed name for a human species, known from only one skull cap discovered in 1994. The fossil was discovered by archeologist Italo Biddittu and was nicknamed "Ceprano Man" after a nearby town in the province of Frosinone, 89 kilometers Southeast of Rome, Italy.
The age of the fossil is estimated to be between 350,000 to 500,000 years old.[3] An adjacent site, Fontana Ranuccio, was dated to 487,000 +/- 6000 years and Muttoni et al. suggest that Ceprano is most likely 450,000 years old. The cranial features on the bone seem to be intermediate between those found on Homo erectus and those of later species such as Homo heidelbergensis which dominated Europe long before Homo neanderthalensis. There is yet not enough material to make a complete analysis of the individual.
Hybo
Hybo is a locality in Ljusdal Municipality in Gävleborg County in Sweden. In 2001, 241 people lived there.
Ponytail
A ponytail is a common hairstyle. It is a tied back section of hair on the scalp. It is held by a hair tie or clip, and hangs freely from that point. They are worn by people of any gender.
Children's Online Privacy Protection Act
The Children's Online Privacy Protection Act of 1998 (COPPA) is a United States federal law, located at 15 U.S.C. §§ 6501–6506 (Pub.L. 105–277 (text) (PDF), 112 Stat. 2681-728, enacted October 21, 1998).
Vicky Cristina Barcelona
Vicky Cristina Barcelona is a 2008 Spanish-American romantic comedy-drama movie. It was written and directed by Woody Allen. It is set in the Spanish cities Barcelona and Oviedo. It is about two American women in their twenties who meet an artist, Juan, whilst spending a summer in Spain.
Digital subscriber line
DSL (for Digital Subscriber Loop or Digital Subscriber Line) is a way to transmit digital data over a telephone line. Telephone lines only transmit a limited spectrum of signals (roughly 20 Hertz to 20,000 Hertz, for voice). This means that the other frequencies can be used to transmit data. The data is combined or multiplexed onto the telephone line. At both ends, a device called a Splitter (or DSL filter) separates the data part and the telephony part. DSL provides the physical layer, the lowest layer of the OSI model that is used for understanding how the different parts of a telecommunications network can connect with each other. In this model, ATM or Ethernet are two communications protocols used as the data link layer (layer 2) and IP is used at the network layer (layer 3).
While most DSL signals are multiplexed for transmission onto telephone lines, DSL can also be used without a telephony line (or multiplexed onto something else, for example Cable TV).
At the consumer end, a DSL modem converts the signals to be able to travel on the phone line; at the other end, a DSLAM multiplexes or combines the signals onto the internet backbone of the provider.
Most DSL lines of consumers are asymmetric, meaning that connection speeds or bit rates are different in each direction. Asymmetric DSL is abbreviated as ADSL. Typically, the download speed of consumer DSL services ranges from 256 kilobits per second (kbit/s) to 24,000 kbit/s, depending on DSL technology, line conditions and service level implemented. Typically, upload speed is lower than download speed for Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) and equal to download speed for the rarer Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line (SDSL).
Voice and data
DSL (or VDSL, Very High Bitrate Digital Subscriber Line) typically works by dividing the frequencies used in a single phone line into two primary "bands". The ISP data is carried over the high-frequency band (25 kHz and above) while the voice is carried over the lower-frequency band (4 kHz and below). The user typically installs a DSL filter on each phone. This removes the high frequencies from the phone line, so that the phone only sends or receives the lower frequencies (the human voice). The DSL modem and the normal telephone equipment can be used on the line at the same time without interference from each other.
Equipment
The customer end of the connection consists of a DSL modem, also known as a Terminal Adaptor. The modem converts data from the digital signals used by computers into a voltage signal of a suitable frequency range which is then applied to the phone line for transmission back to the service provider.
In some DSL variations (for example, High-bit-rate digital subscriber line (HDSL)), the modem is directly connected to the computer via a serial interface, using communication protocols such as RS-232 or V.35. In other cases (particularly ADSL), it is common for the customer equipment to be integrated with other functions, such as routing, firewalling, or other application-specific hardware and software. In this case, the entire equipment is usually referred to as a DSL router or DSL gateway.
Orange, Vaucluse
Orange is a commune of 29,000 people (2005). It is in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Vaucluse department in the south of France.
Yashwant Vithoba Chittal
Yashwant Vithoba Chittal (3 August 1928 – 23 March 2014) was a leading Indian fiction writer. His work was mostly in Kannada language. He won four Sahitya Akademi Awards, one Dr. Masti Award, and one Adikavi Pampa Award. He was born in Bankikodla-Hanehalli, Uttara Kannada.
Television director
A television director directs the activities involved in making a television program. He or she is part of a television crew. A television director is different from a movie director. In television the producer usually has creative control. In movies, the director has creative control. Most television directors specialize in directing one type of television program.
Duties
A television director has a complex job that includes approving scripts, setting up camera shots, laying out scenes and deciding on lighting. The director is responsible for directing of live broadcasts, filming programs, post-production editing and mixing. A director also supervises the technical crew.
A director's duties can be very different depending on the type of program. For example a drama recorded in a studio is different from a live event outside the studio. In a dramatic arts production, the television director's job can be similar to that of a movie director. A director gives cues to actors and directs the camera placement and movement. Often, in a television series, different directors will work on different episodes.
Anna Dianova
Anna Dianova is a Ukrainian conceptual painter and multimedia artist. She works mostly in figurative fine art and digital art.
Biography
Anna Dianova was born on February 24, in Kyiv, Ukraine.
She started painting when she was a child and continued her professional education at the Shevchenko State Art School. She graduated from the National Academy of Fine Arts and Architecture in Kyiv and Kyiv Academy of Media Arts.
Education
In 2008-2011, she studied at the Taras Shevchenko State Artistic school.
In 2011-2015, Anna was a student of the National Academy of Fine Arts and Architecture.
In 2016, she studied at Kyiv Academy of Media Arts.
Career
Anna Dianova worked as a model in Faces Model Agency and participated in Miss Kyiv Beauty Competition in 2014.
Since 2015, Anna has taken the position of Art Director in Ideal Secrets company.
She worked with the production of Alina Dianova as an actress and art director.
Anna started her activity at the Women's Rights Organization in 2017.
Social activity
In 2017, Anna's work “The White Knight” became a part of the collection of Andrea Bocelli Foundation.
Style
Anna works as a metamodernist. She works primarily in figurative fine art and digital art. Representing the era of metamodernism, reinterpreting history, and creating characters in new futurological mythology.
Projects
In 2011, she took part in the project “Candice Breitz: YOU + I”.
In 2015, Anna appeared in the Ukrainian TV show as an expert of fine arts.
In 2015-2016, her works were presented in the “True exhibition”.
In 2016, Anna had her personal project “Illusion” in Kyiv. This transformer exhibition was presented at Gemluc Art Expo in Monaco.
In 2017, some works were presented in the Prince Albert Foundation Charity Gala in Monaco.
In 2017, Dianova with the Ukrainian Parliament had an exhibition “Harmony of Equals '' which was dedicated to women's rights. Anna's painting "The White Queen" was selected by the commission of the "Feeling of Freedom" exhibition and became an honorary part of the organization' s collection.
In 2018, Anna won a competition for Blockchain Art in the Economic Forum 2018.
The Story of Us
"The Story of Us" is a song written and recorded by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song was produced by Nathan Chapman and Swift. It is about breakups and troubles between two people. The story in the song was inspired by an encounter with an ex-boyfriend during the CMT Music Awards in which Swift and the ex attempted to ignore one another. "The Story of Us" received mixed reviews, peaking at #41 on Billboard Hot 100, although the video got positive review for its "departure from the music video high school". The song was on Swift's album Speak Now, released in 2010.
Steinach
Steinach is a German ski city in the south of Thuringia. Larger cities nearby are Coburg and Sonneberg. The population of Steinach is about 4,500 people. The mayor of the city is Ulrich Kurtz.
Stephen Foster
Stephen Collins Foster (July 4, 1826 - January 13, 1864) was an American composer. He was the first American composer to be paid for his music. He was born in Lawrenceville, Pennsylvania which is now part of Pittsburgh. His parents were wealthy. His most well-known and successful song is "Oh! Susanna" which was first performed in the Eagle Ice Cream Saloon in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1847.
Foster married Jane Denny MacDowell in July 1850, They had one daughter named Marion. The marriage was troubled and the couple separated. Foster moved to New York City to do professional songwriting. He died in New York City on January 13, 1864 at the age of 37.
Birth and family
Stephen Collins Foster was born on July 4, 1826 to William Barclay Foster (September 7, 1779 - July 27, 1855) and Elisa Clayland [Tomlinson] Foster (January 1788 - January 1855). Stephen Collins was born in his father's home, "The White Cottage", at Lawrenceville, Pennsylvania near Pittsburgh.
Höchheim
Höchheim is a municipality in Rhön-Grabfeld in Bavaria in Germany. Höchheim has the following villages: Gollmuthhausen, Höchheim, Irmelshausen, Rothausen.
Stephen Foster
Birth and family
He was baptized on April 22, 1827 in Trinity Episcopal Church, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He was the youngest of the Foster children, and was named for Stephen Collins, a child friend of the family who died at age 12, and for William Collins, a family friend and well known attorney.
The Fosters were married on November 14, 1807 in Chambersburg, Pennsylvania. William Barclay Foster was a leader on the western frontier of Pennsylvania. He had settled near Pittsburgh. The Fosters had several children: Charlotte Susanna (1809), Ann Eliza (1812), Henry Baldwin (1816), Henrietta Angelica (1818), Dunning McNair (1821), Morrison (1823), and Stephen Collins (1826). A son was born in 1829, but died in 1830.
William Barclay Foster had sired an illegitimate son before his marriage. This boy was raised in the Foster family. The Fosters lived in an elegant cottage high on a hillside above the Allegheny River in Lawrenceville, Pennsylvania, a suburb of Pittsburgh planned and developed by William Barclay Foster.
Ancestry
After the Revolution, many of the Scots-Irish families of Virginia (including the Fosters) migrated to western Pennsylvania. William Barclay Foster settled near Pittsburgh. He was a merchant who sometimes traveled as far away as Louisiana. He returned to Pittsburgh via New York City or Philadelphia after buying supplies for his Pittsburgh store.
He met his wife, Eliza Clayland Tomlinson, in Philadelphia. She was a Scots-Irish aristocrat of Wilmington, Delaware. The couple were married in Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, and traveled 300 miles overland to Pittsburgh. The couple were among the social elite of the frontier and associated with the best families.
Boyhood and youth
William Barclay Foster had serious financial troubles. In 1827, The White Cottage and other Foster properties were seized by the government when Foster failed to pay the mortgages. Stephen thereafter was moved about, sometimes living with relatives. His mother remembered him later in her life as a boy marching about with a feather in his cap and pounding on a drum while whistling "Auld Lang Syne". She noted that there was something "original" about the boy.
Stephen's eldest sister died in October 1829. The morbid sorrow that afflicted the Foster family at this time probably marked Stephen's view of dead young women for the rest of his life. Beautiful dead young women appear in some of his best songs including "Little Annie", "Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair" and "Beautiful Dreamer".
Stephen was five when he attended an "infant school". In 1833 he went to the Alleghany Academy, a school for the social elite founded by the Presbyterian clergyman Rev. Joseph Stockton. In 1834, Stephen went to a black church with Olivia Pise, a mulatto servant. In 1836, the family left The White Cottage for ever and moved to Allegheny City when Stephen's father was appointed Collector of the Pennsylvania Canal.
Minstrel songs
For many years, minstrels performed with circuses and traveling zoos. In the 1830s, they organized themselves into quartets, bands, and other ensembles and performed in theatres and other halls. One Nelson Kneass performed as a minstrel, but disbanded his group in Pittsburgh about 1845. He opened a hall with a stage at one end, and served refreshments for the price of a ticket.
Prizes were offered for the best riddles, etc. and a silver cup for the best African song. Foster was living in Cinncinati in 1846 and 1847, but his brother Morrison wrote him asking for a song. Stephen sent him "Way Down South, Where the Cane Grows". The song did not win the contest but set Foster on the road to minstrel songwriting.
Foster wrote 28 songs for the minstrel stage. They differ substantially in subject matter and musical style from his household songs. They are written in a negro dialect and their accompaniments suggest banjo-picking. Their musical style is sourced to African American music and the traditional and folk music of British Americans. Many of these songs were written for minstrel groups of the period such as the Sable Harmonists and the Christy Minstrels.
A typical minstrel song by Foster is set for solo voice with a four or five part chorus in the refrain and a short instrumental section intended for a dance on the stage. The best of these songs are "Oh! Susanna" (1848), "Nelly Bly" (1849), "Camptown Races" (1850), "Massa's in de Cold Ground" (1852), "Old Folks at Home" (1860), and "Old Black Joe" (1860).
Marriage and children
Foster married Jane Denny McDowell (1829 - 1903) on July 22, 1850 in Trinity Episcopal Church, Pittsburgh. She was the daughter of Andrew N. McDowell, a Pittsburgh physician, and Jane Denny Porter. The attraction between Foster and McDowell remains a mystery: Jane was on the edge of the Foster circle of friends, and had no special musical talents or interests. She may have broken an engagement to another man to marry Foster. The couple's only child Marion, a daughter, was born on April 18, 1850.
The marriage was troubled for unknown reasons, and the couple lived apart. They had separated for the first time by the spring of 1853. Jane took Marion to Lewistown, Pennsylvania, where her mother and sister lived. Stephen went to New York City to pursue songwriting. The couple reunited within a year, but separated again and again.
Jane and Marion returned to Pennsylvania by July 1861 after a stay in New York with Stephen. He was having money troubles, and his alcoholism was worsening. Jane moved to Greensburg, Pennsylvania, where she worked as a telegraph operator for the Pennsylvania Railroad. Her daughter was probably left with relatives elsewhere. Jane visited Stephen in New York City in September 1861, and several times thereafter.
At an unknown date after Stephen's death in 1864, Jane married Matthew D. Wiley, a baggage handler and express agent. She worked as a telegraph operator at the Pennsylvania Railroad's Allegheny depot. She supported several relatives including her daughter, her mother, and her grandchildren. She died in 1903 of burns suffered when a spark set her clothing on fire while she dozed near a fireplace. By that date, she and her daughter had received more than $4,100 in royalties from Stephen's songs. She is buried in the Allegheny Cemetery.
Marion Foster (1850 - 1935) married William Welsh and had three children. After living in St. Louis and Chicago, she moved in 1914 to a mansion (as caretaker) on the site of her grandparents' home in Lawrenceville. She was poor, gave piano lessons into her seventies, and battled the government unsuccessfully for repossession of a piece of land once belonging to her grandfather.
Death
In July 1863, the people of the United States saw the worst riots in the nation's history. In New York City, rioters protested America's first draft. They believed this draft was unfair. It weighed heavily against the poor and allowed the rich to buy their way out. Rioters destroyed several buildings, including the Colored Orphan Asylum, and lynched blacks from lamp posts. Between 105 and 128 people died during the four days of rioting.
A doctor arrived and the gash was sewn up. Foster was dressed, and taken to a ward for the poor at Bellevue Hospital. He was entered in the register as a "laborer". He was uncomfortable and did not like the food. On 13 January, he was eating soup when he seamingly fainted and passed away. In his pocket was found a few coins and a scrap of paper reading, "Dear friends and gentle hearts".
Mark Cendrowski
Mark Michael Cendrowski (born August 5, 1959) is an American television director. He is best known as the director of many episodes of The Big Bang Theory.
Stephen Foster
Death
His death was not recorded in most newspapers. The New York Post however compared his melodies to those of Donizetti. The Round Table wrote that Foster was "an amateur writer" barely familiar with the rules of musical composition. The Table did praise his pathos and humor though.
Many songs were promoted after Foster's death as his very last songs. "The Voices That are Gone" (published in 1865) and "Kiss Me Mother Ere I Die" (1869) are probably, indeed, his last works. In August 1864, a Prussian-born engineer bought The White Cottage and tore it down.
Fish
Fish used to be a class of vertebrates. Now the term covers five classes of animals that live in the water:
There are more fish than four-limbed animals: there are over 33,000 described species of fish. Fish are usually covered with scales. They have two sets of paired fins and several unpaired fins. Most fish are cold-blooded (poikilotherm).
There are many different kinds of fish. They live in fresh water in lakes and rivers, and in salt water in the oceans. Some fish are less than one centimeter long. The largest fish is the whale shark, which can be almost 15 meters long and weigh 15 tons. Almost all fish live in the water. A group of fish called the lungfish have developed lungs because they live in rivers and pools which dry up in certain parts of the year. They burrow into mud and aestivate until the water returns.
Types of fish
"Fish" is not a formal taxonomic grouping in systematic biology. Amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals all descended from lobe-finned fish. But the use of the term "fish" is so convenient that we go on using it.
Fish are the oldest vertebrate group. The term includes a huge range of types, from the Middle Ordovician, about 490 million years ago, to the present day. These are the main groups:
Certain animals that have the word fish in their name are not really fish: crayfish are Crustacea, and jellyfish are Cnidaria. Some animals look like fish, but are not. Whales and dolphins are mammals, for example.
Bony and cartilagenous fish
Most kinds of fish have bones. Some kinds of fish, such as sharks and rays, do not have real bones. Their skeletons are made of cartilage, and so they are known as cartilaginous fish.