cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Hello
Hello is a greeting in the English language. It is common between two people in a non-formal (informal) setting, but can also be used in a formal setting. There are also many other ways of saying "hello", for example a wave of the hand, a salute or a bow (both very formal), a handshake (a little formal) or a high five (very informal). Saying "hello" is a sign of politeness, especially when it is said in a friendly way. "Hello" was first used in writing in about 1833.
Henk Weerink
Weerink died on 13 March 2014 in his hometown of Coevorden. He was 77 years old.
Hello
Many people say "Hello" when they answer a phone call.
Other greetings like "hello" include; Hi, Hallo, Hiya, Howdy, Hey, Howya, 'Sup, Yo, 'Yello, Herro, Greetings, Good day, What's poppin', G'day mate, Top of the mornin' to you, Ay up, what's up mate and many more.
People then often say "goodbye" when they leave each other. "Goodbye" is a shortened version of the religious farewell expression "God be with ye", which indicates the user's religious belief, usually in a single god. Similar expressions exist in other languages such as: adieu, adieus, adieux, adios. These terms also possess religious undertones as they are derived from the Latin word "deus", meaning "god". This of course does not always mean they are religious.
Treblinka extermination camp
Treblinka I: Labor camp
Between 1941 and 1944, more than 20,000 people were prisoners at Treblinka I. More than half of them died from hunger, disease, mistreatment, and summary executions (executions without a trial).
Treblinka II: Death camp
In July 1942, the Nazis finished building Treblinka II, a death camp, about a mile from the labor camp (Treblinka I). At this time in history, the Nazis were already killing people at two other death camps: Belzec and Sobibor.
The Nazis committed genocide at Treblinka until November 1943. They murdered up to 925,000 Jewish people at the camp. They killed many of them with carbon monoxide in gas chambers.
Sonderkommando
In early August 1943, the Sonderkommando revolted. Several Nazi guards were killed and about 200 prisoners escaped from the camp; almost a hundred survived the subsequent chase. Because of this, in October 1943, the Nazis stopped killing prisoners in Treblinka's gas chambers.
Destruction
In late July 1944, Soviet troops were getting close to Treblinka. There were between 300 and 700 Jewish prisoners left at the camp. The Nazi guards shot them all. The Nazis then quickly destroyed the camp. Before running away, they built a farmhouse for a watchman and sloughed over the ground to try to hide the evidence of their genocide. Then they ran away from the camp.
During the last week of July 1944, Soviet troops arrived at Treblinka.
Resolution
Resolution may refer to:
1996 United States presidential election
The 1996 United States presidential election happened on November 5, 1996. Bill Clinton, the incumbent president and Democratic candidate, won reelection. He defeated Bob Dole, the Republican candidate, who was the former Senator of Kansas for president, and Ross Perot, the Reform Party candidate, who was a businessman.
Perot received less media attention and was not included in the presidential debates and, while still getting large results for a third-party candidate, by U.S. standards, did not renew his success in the 1992 election.
Clinton benefited from an economy that recovered from the early 1990s recession, and a relatively stable world stage. On November 5, 1996, President Clinton went on to win re-election by a substantial popular vote margin with a large electoral college victory.
Italo Calvino
Italo Calvino (15 October 1923 – 19 September 1985) was an Italian writer and journalist. His best known works include the Our Ancestors trilogy (1952–1959), the Cosmicomics collection of short stories (1965), and the novels Invisible Cities (1972) and If on a Winter's Night a Traveler (1979).
Enver Pasha
Ismail Enver (Ottoman Turkish: اسماعيل انور) (November 22, 1881 ; in Istanbul - August 4, 1922 ; Tajikistan,later USSR), he was known to European powers as Enver Pasha (Turkish: Enver Paşa) or Enver Bey. As an Ottoman military officer he was a member of the Committee of Union and Progress and a leader of the Young Turk Revolution. He was given the nickname "The Hero of Liberty" (Hürriyet Kahramanı). He was the main leader of the Ottoman Empire in both Balkan Wars and World War I. He also helped Lenin in the 1917 Russian Revolution. He was also responsible for the Armenian genocide from 1915-1917. He died in August 1922 in the Russian Civil War and was killed by machine gun fire from an Armenian soldier in Tajikistan in a unknown location before the USSR was created on 30 December 1922.
Marriage and issue
By his marriage toEmine Naciye Sultanv, a granddaughter of sultan Enver had:
His widow remarried his brother Mehmed Kamil Killigil (1900–1962) in 1923, and had one daughter:
Received Pronunciation
Received Pronunciation (or RP, or BBC English) is the name given to the standard accent of English used by the British Broadcasting Corporation. It is used most often in the south of England, and by some people all over Britain. It is more often called Standard English.
Foreign students of British English learn this kind of English at school. The British pronunciation of words given in dictionaries is in Received Pronunciation. Received Pronunciation is used because the 20th century saw the coming of radio and television. Before then, regional dialects were more used. Education beyond elementary level was not available for most people. Schooling ended at 12 in 1910, and at 14 as late as 1950. Until about 1960 in England, most people lived near where they were born. Regional accents were strong in the West and North of England.
Features
Received Pronunciation is non-rhotic. This means that in words ending with an 'r', for example car, the final 'r' is not pronounced. Many words have long vowel sounds. For example, the 'a' in 'bath' rhymes is the same as in 'far', not the same as in 'cat'.
There are other features which need a training in phonology to be properly understood. Avoidance of the glottal stop would be one example.
Britisches Englisch
Excise
An excise or excise tax is an indirect tax charged on certain goods. As an indirect tax, they are charged by the producer or the merchant who then has to pay the government. For the same reason they are also not considered a sales tax. Excise taxes are commonly part of the retail price of a product such as gasoline, alcohol or cigarettes. Excise taxes may be charged by both state and federal governments.
Excise vs sales tax
Excise taxes are different from sales tax in two important ways. First, excise is charged only on specific goods. Sales tax can apply to most things a person might buy although certain jurisdictions may exempt food or clothing. Excise taxes are usually applied to luxury goods or products linked to health issues such as tanning salons or cigarettes. Secondly, sales tax is charged as a percentage of the purchase price. An excise tax is usually a fixed amount added to the price. It can be hard to tell how much excise tax a person pays because it is part of the purchase price. Sales tax is added to the price and is usually shown on the receipt.
US excise taxes
In the United States, excise taxes make up about 4 percent of all federal revenues. This is lower than many other countries. The Constitution refers to excise tax as an indirect tax. Some states in the United States have different names for excise taxes. For example, in the state of Massachusetts the excise tax charged on automobiles is called an "ad valorem tax".
Faßberg
Faßberg (ang. Fassberg) is a municipality in Celle, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is about 35 km north of Celle, and 30 km west of Uelzen.
The Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie
The Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie (Le Charme discret de la bourgeoisie) is a 1972 French Italian Spanish comedy drama movie directed by Luis Buñuel and starring      Fernando Rey, Paul Frankeur, Delphine Seyrig, Stéphane Audran, Bulle Ogier, Jean-Pierre Cassel. The movie was distributed by 20th Century Fox and was a box office hit in both Europe and the US, and critically praised. It won the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film and was nominated for Best Original Screenplay in 1973.
Joseph Benz
Joseph "Josef" or "Sepp" Benz (20 May 1944 – 5 February 2021) was a Swiss bobsledder. He competed in two Winter Olympics, he won four medals with one gold (1980), two silvers (1976, 1980), and one bronze (1976). Benz was born in Zurich, Switzerland.
Benz died of COVID-19 on 5 February 2021 in Zurich, aged 76, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Switzerland.
Caste
The caste system is a system in India that was once mainly used by Hindus. This system has been generally accepted for about 3000 years. There are four castes in this system, and one outcast group regarded as "untouchables". There are also castes in countries other than India as the system spread to South Asia about 2000 years ago. For centuries, this system has dictated one's marriages, geographical location, and occupation. People must not marry someone from another caste, and they must not do things that another caste does. The Indian government today works to decrease this discrimination with the quotas set in government jobs in 1950.
Francesc Eiximenis
Francesc Eiximenis (born in Girona around 1330 - died in Perpinyà around 1409) was a Franciscan Catalan writer. He lived in the Crown of Aragon in the 14th century. He was possibly one of the most important medieval Catalan writers. His works were read, copied, published and translated in many places. He had a strong influence in literacy and politics. People like the kings of the Crown of Aragon Peter IV, John I and Martin I, the queen Maria de Luna and the Pope of Avignon Benedict XIII read the works of Eiximenis.
Schwarzwald-Baar
Schwarzwald-Baar is a Landkreis (district) in the south of Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
Bergshamra
Bergshamra is a locality in Norrtälje Municipality in Stockholm County in Sweden. In 2010, 749 people lived there.
Suzuki (name)
Suzuki (Japanese: 鈴木) is a common Japanese surname. The word means bell tree. Famous people with this name are listed.
Transcription (genetics)
Transcription is when RNA is made from DNA. The DNA sequence is copied by a special enzyme called RNA polymerase to make a matching RNA strand.
The product is called messenger RNA (mRNA) because it carries a genetic message from the DNA to the protein-making machinery of the cell. Transcription is the first step that leads to the expression of the genes.
Alan Mandell
Alan Mandell (born Albert Mandell; December 27, 1927) is a Canadian-American actor. He was born in Toronto, Ontario. He is known for playing Rabbi Marshak in the Coen Brothers' 2009 movie A Serious Man and as Ventril Dease in the Netflix 2019 original movie Velvet Buzzsaw. On stage, he his known for his stage works of Samuel Beckett.
Guru
In the Sanskrit language, guru means teacher. Eastern religions, such as Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism, Sikhism and newer movements such as Transcendental Meditation use guru as a title. They give it to a teacher (or guide) of religious matters.
Indian Ocean humpback dolphin
The Indian Ocean humpback dolphin (Sousa plumbea) is a member of the Delphinidae family occupying coastal areas ranging from the warm waters of the Oman Sea (Indian Ocean).
Transcription (genetics)
As in DNA replication, only one of the two DNA strands is transcribed. This strand is called the template strand, because it provides the template for ordering the sequence of nucleotides in an RNA transcript. The other strand is called the coding strand. Its sequence is the same as the newly created RNA transcript (except for thymine being substituted for uracil).
Guru
Satguru
Many Hindus have a satguru as well.The word "guru" means the one who removes the darkness from our heart. Satguru means true guru or true teacher. The title means that his students know that the guru can be trusted and will lead them to enlightenment. A satguru is a great soul who has realized God and is able to lead others along the path. God shines out from the satguru more brightly than from other people because he is very pure and enlightened. The satguru is devoted full time to religious life, is unmarried and has given up all possessions, personal life, family and friends. He has received an initiation from his satguru that gives him great spiritual power and authority. He can teach parents how to raise children, adults how to avoid problems and overcome any challenge in life, and in general he can make people feel close to God.
Transcription (genetics)
The DNA template strand is read 3' → 5' direction by RNA polymerase and the new RNA strand is synthesized in the 5'→ 3' direction. RNA polymerase binds to the 3' end of a gene (promoter) on the DNA template strand and travels toward the 5' end.
Roger D. Kornberg won the 2006 Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his studies of the molecular basis of eukaryotic transcription".
Indian Ocean humpback dolphin
Distribution and habitat
Sousa plumbea ranges from Southern Africa to Western Indochina, including coastal areas along East Africa, the Middle East and India (Arabian Sea). This species does not exhibit large migratory behavior. This species has been reported to inhabit a variety of different coastal habitats, including both soft sediment (e.g. sand and sea grass) and hard sediment (e.g. rock and coral) marine habitats as well as estuarine habitats (e.g. lagoons, bays, rivers, and mangrove channels). Preference and prominence of any given habitat type is highly dependent on the geographical location of any given Indian Ocean humpbacked dolphin population.
Moksha
Moksha is the ultimate goal of personal spiritual development for some schools of Hinduism. It is the equivalent of Nirvana in Buddhism. In the Sanskrit language, "moksha" means freedom. It is as a state of eternal bliss and emptiness. According to Vedanta life is an endless cycle of birth, death, and rebirth into a physical universe. Hindu scriptures describe Moksha as the spiritual liberation from this cycle and the achievement of an eternal and blissful emptiness that transcends all of the joys, pain, and sorrow of the physical body or corporeal life. It is the goal of Hindu practitioners to achieve Moksha (freedom/liberation from the material world) through the practice of Yoga viz Jnana Yoga(knowledge), Karma Yoga(work), and Bhakti Yoga (through reciting prayers and worshipping God).
Moksha is a Vedic term. Scholars disagree about the precise relationship between the Moksha of Vedanta Hinduism and the Nirvana of Buddhism, but there is agreement that they are closely related historically and philosophically. Similarities can be found between Moksha and some concepts found in the Upanishads. Hindu texts explain the Moksha as Sat-Chit-Anand [True blissness of soul by separating the soul from the physical body by practising Dhyan and Yoga ]. Moksha originates from the Sanskrit word, moksa.
For a more comprehensive explanation of this topic read the books:
Moksha is the ultimate goal of a person to get liberated from the cycle of birth and death
Kshatriya
Kshatriya is a division of the caste system in Hinduism. A kshatriya is a warrior, ruler, politician, or administrative worker.
There are 3 lineages of Kshatriyas:-
However, there is one more lineage (not mentioned in any Puranas) - Nagavanshi (snake-born), who claims descent from the Nagas.
Vaishya
Vaishya is a division of the caste system. A vaishya is a trader, merchant or artisan.
Austin & Ally
Austin & Ally is an American sitcom. It started on December 2, 2011, on the Disney Channel. The main characters are Austin (Ross Lynch) Ally (Laura Marano) Trish (Raini Rodriguez) and Dez (Calum Worthy). The story is set in Miami. Most of the time the characters are in Sonic Boom, a music shop. The shop is owned by Ally’s father, but Ally is the manager. Austin and Ally have their rehearsal room in Sonic Boom. There are secondary characters in this sitcom: Ally's parent, Nelson and Jimmy Star (the boss of Austin’s recording studio).
Plot
Austin & Ally is a comedy about the friendship of the singer and musician Austin Moon (Ross Lynch) and the shy songwriter Ally Dawson (Laura Marano). In the show, Ally has strong stage fright (fear of being on a stage in front of many people).
In the first episode called "Rockers & Writers", Austin secretly sings and records one of Ally's songs. He becomes famous from it after his best friend Dez (Calum Worthy) helps him make a music video for the song and posts it on the internet. Ally is convinced by her best friend Trish (Raini Rodriguez) to tell people she wrote the song. Austin convinces Ally to join him to write songs. The two become friends and work on making Austin more famous. Trish becomes Austin's manager and Dez creates Austin's music videos. The four of them have many adventures in Austin's music career. Austin gets signed to a character Jimmy Star's record label at the end of the first season.
Austin and Ally work together to solve problems in the second season. Ally gets rid of her stage fright by performing with Austin. Ally signs a record deal and records an album. Austin goes on a national tour. Ally does not go to the first part of Austin's tour but does go to the second half.
The Legend of Zelda: A Link to the Past
The Legend of Zelda: A Link to the Past, known in Japan as Zelda no Densetsu: Kamigami no Triforce (ゼルダの伝説 神々のトライフォース) is an action-adventure video game made by Nintendo for the Super Nintendo game console. It's the third game of The Legend of Zelda series, though it is a prequel to The Legend of Zelda and Zelda II: The Adventure of Link. It's about a young boy named Link who has to save Princess Zelda and six other maidens from Ganon using the Master Sword to save them. It got great reviews and it's one of the best-selling Super Nintendo games of all time.
Setting
A Link to the Past is in Hyrule, the main area of The Legend of Zelda series. The Light World has many areas from other The Legend of Zelda games, like Hyrule Castle, Death Mountain, the Lost Woods, Lake Hylia, and Kakariko Village. Most of Hyrule is grass-land, with deserts, forests, and villages. The Dark World, a dark version of Hyrule, has very little grass-land and has a large pyramid in the middle. When people enter the Dark World, they get turned into what's in their hearts (for example, Link turns into a pink bunny).
Summary
The story starts with Link in bed when a voice calls out to him. The voice is Princess Zelda's, and she asks for help escaping from Hyrule Castle before the evil wizard Agahnim can seal her away like the other maidens before her. Link's Uncle hears it too, and goes to save her. When Link follows him into the sewer, he finds his Uncle half-alive, and his Uncle gives Link his sword and shield before he dies. Link breaks Zelda out of her cell and takes her through a secret path to a sanctuary where she stays and hides. Link is told by an old man called Sahasrahla that he has to find the pendants of power, wisdom, and courage in three dungeons so he can break the seal on the ancient weapon, the Master Sword. Link finds the pendants in the Eastern Palace, the Desert Palace, and the Tower of Hera, and brings them to the Lost Woods, where he pulls the Master Sword out of its pedestal. Zelda gets kidnapped before he can get to her, and Link fights Agahnim. He and Agahnim go to the Dark World, and Link appears on top of a large pyramid. He has to find the seven crystals that have seven maidens in them, including Zelda, so he can get to Ganon's Tower. After he gets them all, he goes to the top of the tower and battles Agahnim again. He kills him, and Ganon in a bat form flies out of the corpse and into the Pyramid of Power. Link battles Ganon using the Master Sword and Silver Arrows, and eventually kills him. He finds the Triforce that Ganon used to corrupt the Golden Land, and uses it to wish everything back to normal, and Link puts the Master Sword back in the pedestal.
Gameplay
A Link to the Past plays like The Legend of Zelda for the NES with a bird's eye view view instead of Zelda II: The Adventure of Link ' s sidescrolling view, and stars a boy named Link. He has a sword and shield, and many other items from older games including a bow, a boomerang, and bombs. He always has a sword and shield out when he has them, and can have one other item equipped. Link uses them to explore Hyrule, battle enemies, and solve puzzles. It adds onto the gameplay of The Legend of Zelda, with better controls and new items, like the hookshot and Pegasus Boots which have appeared in many The Legend of Zelda games after it. It also adds a feature used in many games after it, which is going back and forth between two worlds. This was first used again after A Link to the Past in The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time, where Link travels back and forth in time. Link also has a magic meter like in Zelda II, which he needs to use items like the Lantern and Ice Rod. Throughout Hyrule, there are many items to find and Heart Pieces too that add to Link's health.
Music
Kōji Kondō, a famous Nintendo musician, was in charge of the soundtrack for this game. Several songs in this game were remixed in Super Smash Bros. Brawl, including the Dark Woods theme.
Re-releases
This game has been re-released several times, including a Satellaview remake, Game Boy Advance remake, and a port to the Wii's Virtual Console.
BS The Legend of Zelda: Kodai no Sekiban
A Link to the Past was remade for the Satellaview, a Super Nintendo Entertainment System add-on, and was called BS The Legend of Zelda: Kodai no Sekiban. It has a different plot and a slightly changed world. It had voice acting, and it lasted for four weeks. Each week, you have to do something, and when the next week comes, there's a new quest to do.
The Legend of Zelda: A Link to the Past & The Four Swords
A Link to the Past was re-released on the Game Boy Advance as The Legend of Zelda: A Link to the Past & The Four Swords. It came with a modified port of A Link to the Past along with the multiplayer-only game Four Swords. The port added a new dungeon to the game called The Palace of the Four Sword. Four Swords ' s graphical style is similar to The Legend of Zelda: The Wind Waker.
On September 28, 2011, an updated version of Four Swords called The Legend of Zelda: Four Swords Anniversary Edition was released. It is available on Nintendo's DSiWare service. It includes a single player mode and more areas.
African green pigeon
The African green pigeon (Treron calvus) is a bird native to Sub-Saharan Africa.
Olive tree
The olive tree is a small tree. Its scientific name is Olea europaea. A long time ago, it came from the coastal areas of the eastern Mediterranean, from Syria and the maritime (next to the sea) parts of Asia Minor and northern Iran at the south end of the Caspian Sea. It has been farmed for a very long time. The Ancient Greeks were farming it. They spread the trees to the western part of the Mediterranean.
African green pigeon
Adult birds have maroon shoulder patches. The shoulder patches are olive in immature birds. They reach a length of 25–28 cm.
Range
Their range includes Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Eswatini, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe.
Olive tree
Olive trees like soil with lots of chalk in it. They grow best on limestone slopes and crags in coastal climate.
Overview
The Wild Olive is a small tree or shrub that grows up to 8–15 m tall with thorny branches. The leaves are opposite, 4–10 cm long and 1–3 cm wide. The leaves have a dark greyish-green color above and are pale with whitish scales below. The small white flowers, with calyx and corolla divided into four parts, two stamens and bifid stigma, are mostly on the last year's wood, in racemes coming up from the axils of the leaves. The fruit is a small drupe 1–2 cm long, thinner-fleshed and smaller in wild plants than in orchard cultivars.
Uses
Today, olive trees are grown for the following reasons:
Casino Royale
Casino Royale is the twenty first James Bond movie. It is the first to star Daniel Craig as the secret agent James Bond. It was released on November 17, 2006.
Olive tree
The numbers behind
In total, about 17.3 million tons of olives are produced every year. 60% of all olive trees are in the European Union. The top producers are: • #Spain
• #Italy
• #Turkey
• #Greece
• #Syria
• #Tunisia
• #Egypt
• #Algeria
• #Libya
• #Argentina
• #Jordan
• #United States
• #Iran
• #Croatia
• #Albania
Cultural significance
Very probably, the first olive trees were grown in Syria. From there they spread rapidly. In Ancient Greece, the tree was considered to be holy. Some city states (polis) like Athens punished people for cutting down olive trees.
In Christianity, the olive tree can be a sign of peace, because according to the Bible, a dove brought an olive branch to Noah to show that the flood was over.
The olive tree is the National tree of Palestine.
Shahjalal International Airport
Shahjalal International Airport is the largest airport in Bangladesh. It is the only international airport in the country. It is located in Dhaka, and was previously known as Dacca International Airport.
Biological process
Biology is the science that deals with living things. In general:
Many things that appear to be one organism are in fact several living together. An example is lichen. Lichen is a symbiosis between a blue-green alga e and fungi. Organisms that live together may not reproduce together, but their life processes are bound up together. They help each other to live.
Modern ideas
Modern ideas from molecular biology, cell biology and cybernetics give us more ways of describing biological processes.
Cells and macro-molecules
All life processes on Earth use the chemistry of carbon compounds. In particular, all life uses long-chain molecules such as proteins and nucleic acid. With water, which is essential, the long molecules are wrapped inside membranes to form cells. This is true of all known life.
Systems theory
Living organisms are open systems. The main idea is that the processes serve to keep them alive by homeostasis. They are always changing, but always staying within certain limits as long as they live.
They do this by exchanging materials and information with their environment. They undergo metabolism, maintain homeostasis, possess a capacity to grow, respond to stimuli and reproduce. All of this preserves the individual and its race or species.
Ernest Mühlen
Mühlen died on 19 March 2014 at the age of 87.
Planet Sketch
Planet Sketch is a 2005-08 Canadian/British animated television series. It was Co-Produced by Canadian studio Decode Entertainment and British animation studio Aardman Animation with Teletoon.
Macroevolution
Macroevolution refers to large-scale evolution. For some, this means the origin of species. For others, it means the large-scale changes seen in the fossil record.
It is a term of convenience: for most biologists it does not suggest any change in the process of evolution. For a few palaeontologists, some things they see in the fossil record cannot be explained just by the gradualist evolutionary synthesis. They are in the minority. There are some interesting discussions by other palaeontologists.
Some biologists use the term for evolution in already separated gene pools. For them, macroevolutionary studies focus on change that occurs at or above the level of species. Again, this is a minority position. Most biologist would not call evolution at the species level "macroevolution".
Relation of macroevolution to microevolution
Paleontology, evolutionary developmental biology, and sequence analysis contribute much evidence for the patterns and processes that can be classified as macroevolution. An example of macroevolution is the appearance of feathers during the evolution of birds from one group of dinosaurs.
Within the modern evolutionary synthesis school of thought, macroevolution is thought of as the compounded effects of microevolution. Thus, the distinction between micro- and macroevolution is not a fundamental one – the only difference between them is of time and scale.
Some creationists have also adopted the term 'macroevolution' to describe the form of evolution they reject. They may accept that evolutionary change is possible within species (microevolution), but deny that one species can evolve into another (macroevolution). These arguments are rejected by biologists, who hold that there is ample evidence that macroevolution has occurred in the past.
Research topics
Some examples of subjects whose study falls within the realm of macroevolution:
Origin of the term
Russian entomologist Yuri Filipchenko (or Philipchenko, depending on the transliteration) first coined the terms 'macroevolution' and 'microevolution' in 1927 in his German language work, Variabilität und Variatio.
Human Connectome Project
The Human Connectome Project is a US-led effort to map the human brain. The HCP is a five-year project funded by the National Institutes of Health.On September 15, 2010, the NIH announced that it would award two grants: $30 million over five years to a consortium led by Washington University in Saint Louis and the University of Minnesota, and $8.5 million over three years to a consortium led by Harvard University, Massachusetts General Hospital and the University of California Los Angeles. The aim of the $40m programme is to map the entire human neural wiring system by scanning the brains of 1,200 Americans. The project uses magnetic resonance imaging.
Macroevolution
Origin of the term
Since then, their meanings have been revised several times and fallen into disfavour with many, who prefer to speak of biological evolution as one process.
Human Connectome Project
Like the Human Genome Project, the data will be publicly released to scientists as the scans are processed. The first data from 80 to100 people will be released in a few weeks' time.
Macroevolution
Criticisms of macroevolution
Evolution as a whole is strongly supported by many kinds of evidence.
Human Connectome Project
Scientists at Massachusetts General Hospital are pushing the technique to its limits with a purpose-built scanner. It is one of the most powerful scanners in the world. The scanner's magnets need 22MW (megawatts) of electricity – enough to power a nuclear submarine. It was specially built for this project "4 to 8 times as powerful as conventional systems, enabling imaging of human neuroanatomy with much greater sensitivity than is currently possible".
Macroevolution
Criticisms of macroevolution
The issue for biologists is whether there is any sense in having the special term macroevolution. The answer is yes for a few biologists who proposed one or more evolutionary mechanisms which worked above the species level. The ideas of punctuated equilibrium and species selection were suggested, but in each case most biologists felt they could be explained by the usual small-scale changes. This explains why 'macroevolution' is perhaps a term biologists do not need to use.
When discussing the topic, creationists use "strategically elastic" definitions of micro- and macroevolution. Macroevolution, by their definition, cannot be attained. Any observed evolutionary change is described by them as being "just microevolution".
The debate between biologists continues, with some biologists stating that there is significant evidence that other factors have acted during macroevolution, and others maintaining that macroevolution can still be fully explained by the mechanisms of microevolution.
Linus Torvalds
Linus Benedict Torvalds (, ; born 28 December 1969) is a Finnish-American software engineer.
His parents named him after Linus Pauling. He studied at the University of Helsinki from 1988 to 1996. He became famous because of the success of his operating system, Linux. He started making this system as a student project in 1991. He based it on the popular UNIX operating system. Today, Linux has become the most popular free operating system.
Linus is the leader of the Linux project, which has many members around the world. He is the one person who can make decisions about changes or future development on the operating system. He also made the version control system Git. He now lives with his family in the United States.
Linus chose the penguin to be the logo of Linux. A picture of a penguin called Tux appears on many desktop computers that run Linux.
Schweinfurt (district)
Schweinfurt is a Landkreis (district) in the northwestern part of Bavaria, Germany.
Tholocoleus astrifer
Tholocoleus astrifer is a moth of the Noctuidae family. Butler used the scientific name in 1886.
Schweinfurt (district)
The primary rivers in the district are the Main and the Wern. The district is located between several hill chains - Haßberge to the east, the Rhön in the northwest, the Spessart to the west and the Steigerwald in the southeast.
Frank Fleming (politician)
Frank Fleming (1953 – March 6, 2022) was an American Republican politician. He was a member of the Montana House of Representatives from the 51st district from 2018 until his death in 2022. Fleming was born in Great Falls, Montana.
Fleming died on March 6, 2022 from a long-illness in Billings, Montana at the age of 68.
Nastassja Kinski
Nastassja Kinski (born January 24, 1961 )is a German-born American movie actress who has been in more than 60 movies. She is the daughter of German actor Klaus Kinski. Her movie debut was in The Wrong Move in 1975 at the age of 13. She starred in 1976 in To the Devil a Daughter. She was also in a television episode of Tatort called Reifezeugnis in 1976. That show was about a teenage girl in love with her teacher. She was then in Boarding School in 1976. She was also in Così come sei, also called Stay as You Are in 1978. She won a Golden Globe Award for her role in Tess. The most recent movie she was in was Inland Empire (2006).
Personal life
At one point she dated Polish movie director Roman Polanski, who she met on the set of Tess. She had a son with actor Vincent Spano. In the mid-1980s, Kinski met Egyptian movie maker Ibrahim Moussa. They married on September 10, 1984. They had two children. The marriage ended in 1992. From 1992 until 1995, Kinski lived with musician Quincy Jones. In 1993, their daughter was born.
Chop Socky Chooks
Chop Socky Chooks is a 2007-09 British/Canadian CGI children's animated educational television series. It was Co-Produced by British animation studio Aardman Animations and Canadian Studio Decode Entertainment and with the participation of Teletoon.
Holloway Road tube station
Holloway Road is a station on the London Underground. It is on the Piccadilly Line between Caledonian Road and Arsenal stations, and in Travelcard Zone 2. The station opened on 15 December 1906.
Shudra
Shudra is a division of the caste system. A shudra is considered a servant or peasant. Shudra and Ati-shudra indicates the bottom most ranks in the Indian caste system.
Mahatma Jyotirao Phule set out the history of shudra-ati-shudra communities in his book Gulamgiri. He drew the attention to the exploitation of Shudras, Ati-shudras, and women etc. At this time, most prefer not even to touch such castes.
American pygmy shrew
The American pygmy shrew (Sorex hoyi) is a type of shrew. It found in Northern Alaska, Canada, and the northern and southern United States.
It is found in northern coniferous and deciduous forests of North America. It is believed to be the second-smallest mammal in the world. Because of its fast metabolism, it is always eating.
Description
The American pygmy shrew is the smallest mammal native to North America. Its is about 5 cm (2 in) long. It weighs about 2.0 to 4.5 g (0.07 to 0.16 oz). Its fur is reddish or grayish brown during the summer. It is white-gray during the winter. It molts about two times a year. It has a narrow head with a pointed nose, and whiskers. The eyes are small.
Distribution
They are found from Northern Alaska, to the Rocky Mountains. They are also found from the Great Lakes region, to the Appalachians, to the eastern side of Canada. Even though the American pygmy shrew prefers wet habitats, it has been seen in places with both wet and dry soil.
Feeding
It mainly eats insects and insect larvae, and worms. To stay alive, the American pygmy shrew has to eat every 15 to 30 minutes, day and night.
Predators
Predators of the American pygmy shrew include hawks, brook trout, owls, snakes, and domestic cats.
Reproduction
Little is known about the reproduction of American pygmy shrews. They appear to mate all year round. The gestation period is estimated to be 18 days. Females give birth to three to eight young ones. They usually leave the family at the age of 25 days. The maximum lifespan of an American pygmy shrew is believed to be about 16–17 months.
Behavior
Pygmy shrews dig through soil to look for food. They can use tunnel made by other animals to help them look for food. They do not sleep or rest for a long time. They have great senses of smell and hearing to help them find their food.
Jhapa 2 (constituency)
{{Infobox constituency|name=Jhapa 2|type=Parliamentary|constituency_link=|parl_name=|map1=|map2=|map3=|map4=|map_size=300|map_entity=|map_year=2017|image=Jhapa2PratinidhiSabha.svg|image2=|image3=|image4=|caption=Jhapa 2 in Koshi Province|caption2=|caption3=|caption4=|district_label=Province|district=Koshi Province|region_label=District|region=Jhapa District|population=|electorate=|towns=|future=|year=1991|abolished_label=|abolished=|elects_howmany=|seats=|party_label=|party=CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist)|members_label=Member of Parliament|members=Dev Raj Ghimire|local_council_label=|local_council=|previous=|next=|blank1_name=Koshi Province MPA 1(A)|blank1_info=Ekraj Karki (UML)|blank2_name=Koshi Province MPA 1(B)|blank3_name=|blank2_info=Tilchan Pathak (UML)|blank4_name=|blank4_info=|blank2_name{=}} Jhapa 2 (झापा २) is one of five parliamentary constituencies of Jhapa District in Nepal. This constituency came into existence on the Constituency Delimitation Commission (CDC) report submitted on 31 August 2017.
Incorporated areas
Jhapa 2 incorporates Arjundhara Municipality, wards 1–9 of Birtamod Municipality, wards 8 and 9 of Kankai Municipality and wards 1-2–3 of Buddhashanti Rural Municipality.
Malcolm Fraser
Before being prime minister, Fraser was a member of the Australian Parliament from 1955 through 1983. He served as Minister of Defence from 1966 to 1968 and again from 1969 to 1971 and Minister for Education and Science from 1968 to 1969 and again from 1971 to 1972.
Jhapa 2 (constituency)
Assembly segments
It encompasses the following Koshi Provincial Assembly segment
Malcolm Fraser
Early life
Fraser was born in Toorak, Victoria. He studied at Magdalen College, Oxford. He married Tamie Beggs in 1956.
Prime Minister (1975-1983)
As leader of the Liberal Party, he became Prime Minister in November, 1975 when Governor-General, Sir John Kerr, dismissed Gough Whitlam. At this point he was only temporary Prime Minister. He won the election held in December, 1975. He won two more elections in 1977 and 1980 before losing to Bob Hawke in 1983. Fraser married Tamara (Tamie) Beggs in 1956 and the couple have remained married ever since.
His government stopped some of the changes made by the Whitlam government. They also reduced government spending to stop money becoming less valuable. He also supported efforts to abolish racism in South Africa, the boycott of the Moscow Olympics and more immigration from Asian countries.
He has criticised the prime ministership of John Howard who had been his Treasurer from 1977 to 1983.
Death
On 20 March 2015, his office announced that Fraser had died in the early hours of the morning, noting that he had suffered a brief illness in Melbourne, Victoria, aged 84.
Bergvik
Bergvik is a locality in Söderhamn Municipality in Gävleborg County in Sweden. In 2010, 834 people lived there.
Waybuloo
Waybuloo Is A 2009-12 Canadian/British Childrens Television Series Co-Produced By Canadian Studio Decode Entertainment and British Animation Studio The Foundation And Produced In Association With Treehouse TV As A United Kingdom-Canada Co-Production
Laurent Dona Fologo
Laurent Dona Fologo (12 December 1939 – 5 February 2021) was an Ivorian politician. From 2000 until 2011, he was President of the Conseil économique et social (Côte d'Ivoire). He was a member of the Democratic Party. Fologo was born in Sinématiali, French West Africa.
Fologo died on 5 February 2021 in Abidjan, Ivory Coast at the age of 81.
Viktor Hierländer
Viktor Hierländer (7 June 1900 – 20 January 1982) was an Austrian football player and manager.
Career
He played for Floridsdorfer AC, SpVgg Fürth, FK Austria Wien, New York Giants and Wiener AC.
He coached Cracovia, BSC Young Boys, Alexandria, Admira Wien, Austria (Amateur, most notably at the 1952 Summer Olympics ) and SK Rapid Wien.
Think Big
Think Big Is A Canadian/American Childrens Educational Television Series Co-Produced By Breakthrough Entertainment Strokes Media And Telco Productions And Produced In Association With TVOKids SCN Knowledge Kids and Access From 2008 to 2011
Ahn Cheol-soo
Ahn Cheol-soo (born February 26, 1962) is a Korean businessman, doctor and professor. He is famous as the developer of the computer anti-virus software program, V3. He is the founder and CEO of the Ahn Lab. He is now a professor at Seoul National University.
Ahn was the People's Party nominee for the presidential election in 2017. He was most recently a founding co-leader of the People's Party alongside Chun Jung-bae.
Personal History
Ahn Chul-soo was born in Pusan in 1962. He graduated from the medical school of Seoul National University. He went on to do graduate work in medical science at Seoul National University. He received a master's degree in medical school and he holds a doctorate in medicine.
During the course, he found a computer virus, one of the first viruses, called the Brain, on his floppy diskette. He started to analyze and develop the vaccine software program. He also uploaded the program, and wrote about it in the magazine Microsoft, a technical magazine which covers computer programs. He upgraded the vaccine program and introduced the V2, V2 Plus to the public with adding the function which can cure the LBC and Jerusalem viruses. He finally introduced the V3 program, now a very important software program for Korean computer users.
He has been a chief of the Dankook University medical school. However, he decided to become a doctor of computers. He founded the Ahn Lab, a special venture business for developing computer vaccine programs. He also received an Executive MBA course in University of Pennsylvania, Wharton school. He completed the venture business course in Stanford University.
Davie County, North Carolina
Davie County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. In 2010, 41,240 people lived there. Its county seat is Mocksville.
Atharvaveda
The Atharva Veda (Atharvaveda) is the fourth Veda, one of the Hindu scriptures. There are a number of Upanishads in this Veda. Ganapathy, Narayana, Devi, Atharva Siropanishaths are part of Atharva Veda. Bhavanopanisath is also in Atharva Veda. Sankaracharya established Joshimath in Kedarnath one of the four popal centres of Hinduism to flourish The Atharva Veda.
Abe (surname)
Abe is a common Japanese surname. It can be written as 阿部, 安倍, or 安部 etc. Notable people with this name are listed below.
Wilbur Season 2
Wilbur Is A 2007-08 Canadian Childrens Television Series Co-Produced By Mercury Filmworks EKA Productions and Chilco Productions And Produced In Association With Kids CBC and Discovery Kids
Sigmaringen (district)
Sigmaringen is a Landkreis (district) in the south of Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
The district is located in the mountains of the Swabian Alb, Linzgau and Upper Swabia.
Jnana yoga
In Hinduism, Jnana Yoga is the yoga or practice of knowledge. Jyâna in Sanskrit means "knowledge".
In the Bhagavad Gita Krishna says that jyâna consists of properly understanding kshetra (the field of activity—that is, the body) and kshetra-jna (the knower of the body—that is, the soul). Krishna emphasizes one must understand the difference between these two. "Those who see with eyes of knowledge the difference between the body and the knower of the body, and can also understand the process of liberation from bondage in material nature, attain to the supreme goal."
Ljusne
Ljusne is a locality in Söderhamn Municipality in Gävleborg County in Sweden. In 2010, 1,917 people lived there.
Star Wars prequel trilogy
The Star Wars prequel trilogy is a series of movies released between May 1999 and May 2005. All three movies were written and directed by George Lucas. The three movies are: Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace (1999), Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones (2002) and Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith (2005)
Production
Lucasfilm started production on The Phantom Menace after George Lucas got interested in reviving the Star Wars franchise.