cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
1980 Quebec referendum
Lead-up to the Referendum Campaign
A dramatic change occurred in Ottawa on December 11, 1979, when the Clark government unexpectedly lost a vote of confidence on a budget bill, forcing a federal election. Three days afterward, Trudeau announced his return as leader of the Liberals. Polls showed Clark losing handily.
Question
A significant debate arose as to whether a "question" under the Referendum Act could have more than one sentence: the final compromise was to use semicolons.
The question announced on December 20, 1979 was: "'The Government of Quebec has made public its proposal to negotiate a new agreement with the rest of Canada, based on the equality of nations; this agreement would enable Quebec to acquire the exclusive power to make its laws, levy its taxes and establish relations abroad — in other words, sovereignty — and at the same time to maintain with Canada an economic association including a common currency; any change in political status resulting from these negotiations will only be implemented with popular approval through another referendum; on these terms, do you give the Government of Quebec the mandate to negotiate the proposed agreement between Quebec and Canada?'"
Lévesque, while noting its cumbersome nature, stated that it was transparent and could be easily understood.
Legislative debate
On February 18, 1980, the federal Liberals won a majority in the House of Commons, and Trudeau returned as Prime Minister. Trudeau announced Jean Chrétien as having responsibilities for the federal response to the referendum.
Television had recently been introduced to the Quebec National Assembly, and the legislative debate on the referendum question was scheduled for prime time live viewing on March 4, 1980. The debate lasted two weeks, and the result was a PQ success and a disaster for the provincial Liberals. The PQ Cabinet, coordinated by House Leader Claude Charron, provided detailed outlines of their files and the benefits they said sovereignty would provide them. The Liberals did not consider that the television audience would view their quick and taunting retorts about the referendum question to be insubstantial compared to the lengthy and detailed speeches of PQ members. The Liberals seemed to lack preparation and Ryan, unaware of the television cameras, was caught yawning on a few occasions during Liberal interventions.
Polls released after the debates showed the Yes and No side roughly even, with a majority among Francophone voters for the "Yes" side.
William Tell (1903 movie)
William Tell (Guillaume Tell) is a 1903 French silent movie directed by Lucien Nonguet and stars Edmond Boutillon.
1980 Quebec referendum
Brunch des Yvettes
Less helpful to the "Yes" campaign was a speech by former television presenter Lise Payette to a committee in Montreal, where she mocked what she viewed as the "No" side's complacency by imagining a person who planned on voting "No" as a Yvette - a docile schoolgirl from pre-Quiet Revolution schoolbooks. Payette also used this as a general theme in the legislature. Payette stated that Ryan wanted a Quebec full of "Yvettes" and that his wife, Madeline Ryan, was an Yvette. Lise Bissonnette, a popular journalist, responded to Payette's personal attack wrote a sarcastic editorial that compared Payette's television career with Mme Ryan's accomplishments in the public and private sector.
Payette apologized during the legislative debate, but the remark and the editorial sparked a movement. On March 30, a group of 1,700 women, including Madeline Ryan, held the brunch des Yvettes at the Château Frontenac in Quebec City. The movement grew until a rally at the Montreal Forum on April 7 when 14,000 women denounced the minister's declarations about women and manifested their support for the "No" side.
Campaign
The "Yes" campaign was, in the initial stages, low key. It focused on gaining broad acceptance of sovereignty-association through specialized "regroupments" that would be presented with special certificates at ceremonies led by Lévesque and other cabinet ministers. The regroupments were seen as an attempt to show broad support for the movement and create conversations at the ground level, however, the attempt to create them in some heavily Federalist professions, such as lawyers, prompted a severe backlash.
The "No" campaign, led by Ryan, was run as a traditional election campaign, with Ryan campaigning during the day and making speeches in local hockey arenas across rural Quebec.
Controversially, the Canadian government became involved on its own accord in the referendum despite the provisions of the provincial Referendum Act, which tightly restricted all campaigning to the designated "Yes" and "No" committees with set budgets. Canadian government politicians made appearances coordinated by Minister of Justice Jean Chrétien and Marc Lalonde, mainly speculating on the economic uncertainty a "Yes" vote could bring. Chrétien argued that prominent PQ member Claude Morin would sacrifice Canada's oil and national gas price to drive in an ambassadors' Cadillac. Lalonde argued that old age pensions were directly threatened by a "Yes" vote. Though initially reluctant, Ryan started to accept and welcome the Canadian government's help, and continued to speak across Quebec.
Trudeau at Paul Sauvé Arena
On May 14, six days before the vote, Trudeau made his final appearance at a packed Paul Sauvé Arena, where the PQ had celebrated their victory in 1976. Trudeau attacked the "Yes" campaign for not asking a clear question, and stated that a "Yes" vote was a dead end, given that the rest of Canada was not bound by the question and that it was too vague to pursue independence if negotiations were refused.
Trudeau then stated that he would interpret a vote for the "No" as a mandate to renew federalism and change the constitution, putting his MPs' seats on the line if he were to fail to keep this promise. Addressing himself to Canadians outside Quebec on behalf of his MPs, Trudeau challenged English Canada that change would have to occur and that the referendum could not be interpreted as an endorsement of the status quo.
After this Trudeau hit an emotional high note, invoking a remark by Lévesque days earlier that he was showing his "Elliott" side during the campaign. Trudeau detailed the story of his parents, who had both had many ancestors in Quebec, and remarked that his full name was both a Québécois and a Canadian name. Trudeau then began to list members of the Parti Québécois who had Irish or English last names. The riposte brought the crowd to an uproar, and Trudeau exited to chants of "Elliott."
The speech, which prompted Morin to wonder if his mind was changed, was seen as the death knell of the "Yes" camp, despite Lévesque's attempts to cast doubt over Trudeau's words.
Immediate aftermath
After the lopsided defeat, a visibly emotional Lévesque addressed his supporters, many of whom were shown on screen in tears at the result. Lévesque began his concession speech by saying "My dear friends, if I understand you correctly, you're saying: 'until next time.'" In the speech, he called the Canadian government's involvement in the campaign "scandalously immoral," and emphasized that the result must be accepted and that it was now the Canadian government's responsibility to provide the changes to the constitution that Trudeau had promised. Lévesque ended by asking the audience to sing "Gens du Pays" for him, as he did not have any voice left.
Claude Ryan's speech was later in the evening. After refusing to let Jean Chrétien use the microphone to address those gathered, he proceeded to demand an election be called and listed every riding that had voted for the "No" side. The speech was generally seen as callous and harsh, especially after the emotional crowd scenes broadcast during Lévesque's speech. Trudeau addressed the country afterward with a more conciliatory tone, emphasizing the need for unity after the hurt feelings and strained friendships that had been caused by the referendum. The next morning, Chrétien was tasked with creating a provincial consensus.
Expenses
Maximum amount authorized by referendum law: $2,122,257 ($0.50/voter x 4,244,514 voters)
"No" Committee:
"Yes" Committee:
Effects
After the referendum, Trudeau acted upon his promise by calling together the provincial premiers in a first ministers' conference. The meeting showed signs of deadlock, and Lévesque surprised observers by uniting with the dissident premiers, who warmly received his decentralist views. Facing a lack of cooperation from the premiers, Trudeau then announced his intention to unilaterally patriate the constitution from the United Kingdom and have a charter of rights and constitutional amending formula approved by national referendum.
In the meantime, there was a provincial election in Quebec. Despite a brief post-referendum malaise, the PQ easily defeated Ryan's Liberals in the 1981 provincial election, campaigning both on their governing record and against Trudeau's intentions. Notably, the PQ did not promise to hold a second referendum.
With regards to Trudeau's plans to unilaterally patriate and change the constitution, the newly re-elected Lévesque, who had initially argued for the incorporation of a Quebec veto into the new constitution, agreed with eight other premiers (the Gang of Eight) to a proposal that would not allow Quebec a veto, but would permit "opting out" of certain federal endeavours with compensation.
The federal government, still interested in proceeding unilaterally, sought an opinion on whether it was legally entitled to do so from the Supreme Court of Canada. The Supreme Court ruled that any constitutional changes, including patriation of the constitution, could be made unilaterally under the letter of the law, but, by non-binding convention, "a substantial degree of provincial consent was required".
The Supreme Court's decision prompted a final meeting among the first ministers. Lévesque abandoned the Gang of Eight and opted to join Trudeau in advocating immediate patriation with the promise of a future referendum on the other matters. The other premiers, loath to be seen arguing against the charter of rights that was included in Trudeau's proposed constitutional changes, formulated a compromise proposal with Jean Chrétien that was acceptable to the Canadian government. The compromise came during the Kitchen Meeting, which took place after Lévesque had left for the evening. In Quebec, that night has sometimes been called the "Night of the Long Knives".
As a result of the compromise between the premiers (other than Lévesque) and the federal government, the government partiated the Canadian constitution in the Constitution Act, 1982 without support from Lévesque or Quebec's National Assembly. The result was a shattering defeat for the PQ, especially after the Quebec government's loss in its Quebec Veto Reference case. The National Assembly of Quebec, compared to its position in 1976, actually lost power under Lévesque and the PQ.
In 1984, Brian Mulroney led the Progressive Conservatives to victory nationally, having committed during the campaign to try to find a way to accommodate Quebec's objections to the constitution. Lévesque pledged to take the risk of trying to work towards a deal with Mulroney. This led to a split in the PQ and subsequently Lévesque's resignation from politics in 1985. After the PQ defeat by the Liberals of Robert Bourassa, the Mulroney government began negotiations with Quebec to find a deal that would be acceptable to all provinces. The 1987 Meech Lake Accord and the 1992 Charlottetown Accord, despite receiving unanimous consent among the provincial premiers, each failed in dramatic public fashion, reviving the sovereignty movement.
1225
1225 was a common year.
Rockport, Kentucky
Rockport is a city in Kentucky in the United States.
2023 New South Wales state election
The incumbent minority Liberal/National Coalition government, led by Premier Dominic Perrottet, tried to win a fourth four-year term in government, but lost to the Labor Party, led by Chris Minns.
This election ended 12 years of Coalition government in New South Wales, the longest period of conservative government in the state's history. It was also the second time in history that the Labor Party has controlled the federal government and all mainland state/territory governments (leaving Tasmania as the last state with a Liberal government); this was first achieved in 2007 when Labor controlled the federal government and all state and territory governments until 2008.
Rochester, Kentucky
Rochester is a city of Kentucky in the United States.
Robert Falcon Scott
Captain Robert Falcon Scott CVO, RN (6 June 1868 – 29 March 1912) was an English Royal Navy officer and explorer who died on an expedition to the South Pole. He is widely known as Scott of the Antarctic, the title of a 1948 movie.
Scott led two expeditions to the Antarctic regions: the Discovery Expedition, 1901–04, and the ill-fated Terra Nova Expedition, 1910–13. Before his appointment to lead the Discovery Expedition, Scott had followed the conventional career of a naval officer in peacetime Victorian Britain, where opportunities for career advancement were keenly sought after by ambitious officers.
It was the chance for personal distinction that led Scott to apply for command of the Discovery. His name became associated with the Antarctic, his field of work for the final twelve years of his life.
Terra Nova Expedition 1910–1913
During this second venture, Scott led a party of five which reached the South Pole on 17 January 1912, only to find that Roald Amundsen's Norwegian expedition had got there first. On the return journey, Scott and his four comrades died from exhaustion, starvation and extreme cold. The tragic fate of his expedition is still remembered throughout the world.
Scott's leadership
After his death, Scott became a British hero. His reputation suffered from several books written later in the 20th century. Still later, Scott's record was reviewed more favourably. The main cause of the failure of the expedition is now said to be the exceptionally adverse weather at the end of the return from the pole.
Scott took ponies, motorised sleds and ordinary sleds, which he and his men pulled. He thought that the number of animals overworked and killed should be held as low as possible and considered his rival Roald Amundsen's approach as cruel. Amundsen, on the other hand, killed dog after dog to feed himself, the men and the rest of the dogs. He did not feel bad about it. The ponies helped travelling part of the way to the pole, but some of them were so stubborn that the expedition members, especially Lawrence Oates, lost much energy that was needed to get back from the pole. The motorised sleds (which worked well at the start) eventually froze up. The dogs, of which there 36, were left behind on the final attempt on the Pole.
One factor which has been re-discovered is that Scott gave the dog driver Meares written orders before leaving for the final attempt on the pole. The order was for dogs to be brought up towards the returning party. This order was supplemented by Scott asking Atkinson to make a similar attempt (Atkinson was one of those not chosen for the final attempt group). In the event, neither of these actions took place.
John Forgeham
John Henry George Forgham (14 May 1941 – 10 March 2017) was an English actor. He was best known for playing businessman Frank Laslett in the ITV series Footballers' Wives. He was also known for his movie role as Frank in The Italian Job.
Forgeham died from internal bleeding and suffered from a broken collarbone after falling at his home in Worthing, East Sussex on 10 March 2017, aged 75.
Estavayer (disambiguation)
Estavayer is the name of three places in Switzerland:
Bidya Devi Bhandari
Bidhya Devi Bhandari (विद्या देवी भण्डारी; born 19 June 1961) is a Nepalese politician. She is the 2nd and current President of Nepal and commander in chief of Nepalese Armed Forces. She is the first woman to hold the office.
Shalu Robot
Robot Shalu is the Most Languages speaking social and education humanoid Robot of the World. Shalu is fully made-up by recycled materials at home, and capable to speak 47 languages. She has been developed by Dinesh Kunwar Patel, a Computer Teacher of Kendriya VIdyalaya Sangathan, posted in Mumbai, India. His native place is Jaunpur (Uttar Pradesh)
As per Danik Bhaskar, Vaartha, TopTen magazine, and Hindustan News, Shalu is being recognized in the top ten humanoid robots of the world and in top 5 Indian robots trending in the global Tech Market.
Shalu as a Robot Teacher
Educational Robot Teacher Shalu is working as a teacher, and teaching 6 subjects in 47 different languages, from classes 6 to 11 in a Kendriya Vidyalaya of Mumbai, India.
Shalu as a part of Curriculum
Robot Teacher Shalu is in the curriculum of Artificial Intelligence in class 9 of CBSE (Central Board of Secondary Education), and in the Kendriya VIdyalaya 's Computer syllabus of class 6.
References
<references group="India Today" />
Casemiro
Carlos Henrique Casimiro (born 23 February 1992), commonly known as Casemiro, is a Brazilian footballer who plays for English club Manchester United. He also plays for the Brazil national football team.
Rolling Hills, Kentucky
Rolling Hills is a city of Kentucky in the United States.
Geography
Rolling Hills has a total area of .2 square miles.
Rolling Fields, Kentucky
Rolling Fields is a city in the U.S. state of Kentucky.
Panusunan Pasaribu
Panusunan Pasaribu (22 June 1946 – 30 December 2020) was an Indonesian politician. He was born in Padangsidimpuan, Indonesia. He was the Regent of the Central Tapanuli Regency from 1995 until 2001. From 2015 until his death, he was a member of the board of trustees for the University of North Sumatra.
Pasaribu died on 30 December 2020 in Padangsidimpuan at the age of 74.
Fuzzy logic
Fuzzy logic is a sort of computer logic that is different from boolean algebra founded by Lotfi A. Zadeh. It is different in the way that it allows values to be more accurate than on or off. While boolean logic only allows true or false, fuzzy logic allows all things in between. An example of this could be a computer game: A person is standing in a doorway while a thing explodes. The character is hit or not hit if boolean logic is used, but the doorway protects him from the explosion. Therefore, he might only be hit 20%, and takes less damage.
Humans tend to use a combination of predicate logic and fuzzy logic. If you are an outfielder catching a baseball hit into the air, then your precise logic will calculate trajectory and start you running to the point of intercept (catching). However, once close to the ball the eyes and brain of the outfielder lacks the ability to accurately estimate distance and speed because the ball is coming straight at the outfielder. The human brain switches to fuzzy logic that says "get me closer", "get me closer", and so on. That is why you see outfielders in baseball run to a spot and then move around as the ball gets closer.
Predicate logic says calculate the point to be at to catch the ball. Fuzzy logic says because of wind or other things you might not be in the correct place so just keep getting closer until you catch the ball.
In predicate logic it is the mathematics of calculating the path of the ball that determines your action. In fuzzy logic it is the error of your calculations that determines your action.
In effect, it's like your brain trying to steady a drink in your hand while traveling down a bumpy road.
Shikinai Taisha
Shikinai Taisha refers to the 492 shrines listed as Shikinai Taisha in the Engishiki Jinmyocho in the early Heian period, or shrines that call themselves ``~ taisha ''. The term became more strict in the Empire of Japan. In the past, simply speaking of Ōyashiro (Kunyomi of Taisha) generally meant Izumo Taisha ( Izumo City, Shimane Prefecture ). After the war, many shrines with the rank of taisha, such as the former Kanpei Taisha Shrine and the former Kokupei Taisha Shrine, called themselves taisha. An example is shown below.
Shikinai Taisha
Shikinai Taisha (式内大社) are shrines that are listed in volumes 9 and 10 of the "Engishiki" as Shinto shrines, also known as Shikinaisha, that are ranked as major shrines. There are 492 of these shrines listed. This category includes both the historical shrines and their modern equivalents. However, shrines that are designated as "Myojin Taisha" are not included in this category.
The Arrogant Worms
The Arrogant Worms are a Canadian musical comedy trio that parodies many musical genres. They have played in not just Canada, but also in the United States and Australia as well.
Shikinai Taisha
Shikinai Taisha
See the category Shikinai Taisha for a list of such Taisha not also listed as Myojin Taisha
List of Taisha
Prior to World War II only two shrines were called Taisha: Izumo-taisha and Kumano Taisha, but after the war many historical taishas changed their names back to Taisha. Here is the list of such shrines. Shikinai Taisha are not included because of how large the list would be
Former Taisha
There are some shrines which formerly called themselves Taisha but not anymore. All of them were ranked as Kanpei-Taisha or the highest rank in the Shakaku
Controversy over the Taisha name
Izumo Taisha has expressed its concern about other shrines using the title "Taisha" as it goes against the traditional beliefs and values of shrines. According to an article in the Izumo Taisha organ paper 'Yugen', their parent deity, Ogami, is revered as "Oyashiro" and Izumo Taisha is the only shrine that has been inscribed as a "taisha" since the Nara Heian period. In the past, when people spoke of "Taisha", they were referring to Izumo Oyashiro, which was the residence of the Omikami (great god). However, over time, other shrines started using the name "Taisha". Izumo Taisha believes that this goes against the traditional belief in only one god and may cause confusion and misunderstanding among people. They fear that the prayers of their predecessors over many generations may not be conveyed correctly and that the people of today will use their own ways of calling things as they please, which could ultimately damage the virtues of the gods.
Archie Lamb
Sir Albert Thomas "Archie" Lamb KBE CMG DFC (23 October 1921 – 19 October 2021) was a British politician, writer and RAF fighter pilot. He was the British ambassador to Kuwait from 1974 to 1977, and to Norway from 1978 to 1980. Lamb was born in Swansea, Wales.
Lamb was appointed MBE in 1953.
Lamb died on 19 October 2021, four days before his 100th birthday.
Latch (song)
"Latch" is a song by English garage house duo Disclosure by English singer Sam Smith. It was released as a digital download on 8 October 2012. It was the lead single from their debut studio album, Settle (2013). It was on the UK Singles Chart at number 26 and has peaked at number 11.
Mirepoix (disambiguation)
Mirepoix can be:
Waidhofen an der Thaya
Waidhofen an der Thaya is an Austrian town in the state of Lower Austria. The town is the capital of the district of the same name. It is on the German Thaya river.
Waltz (International)
The Waltz is one of the five international ballroom dances in the Modern or Standard style. It is danced socially, and in ballroom competitions. Like its older brother, the Viennese waltz, this dance originated in Vienna, but was greatly modified by English dance teachers in the 1920s. That is why it is sometimes called the English waltz. Other names are the diagonal waltz, the international waltz, and the slow waltz.
Music for the waltz should be in 3/4 time, and played at 29 to 34 bars per minute. p62 The accent is on the first beat of each bar. For beginners it is a simple dance compared to some others. At competitive level it is much more demanding. It features whisks, chassés, spins, hesitations, drags, and split-beat steps, many of which have been copied in other dances. The first 'advanced' figure to be invented was the double reverse spin, by Maxwell Stewart in the 1924 World Championship. p42 Nowadays it is taught at the silver medal stage.
IPhone 6S
The iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus are two smartphones designed by Apple Inc. They were released on September 25, 2015. They replace the iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus, respectively. These "S" models have a rose gold finish. They have cameras on the front (5 megapixels) and back (12 megapixels). The screens are 4.7 in for the 6S and 5.5 in for the 6S Plus. The storage capacities are 16, 64, and 128 gigabytes. A new feature, Force Touch, is on these models and is also on the Apple Watch. Live Photos is a new feature that allows users to take moving photos.
Chippis
Chippis is a municipality of the district of Sierre in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.
Wesley Willis
Wesley Willis (May 31, 1963 – August 21, 2003) was an American singer-songwriter and visual artist from Chicago.
Willis began a career as an underground singer-songwriter in the outsider music tradition, with songs featuring his bizarre, humorous and often obscene lyrics sung over the auto accompaniment feature on his Technics KN electronic keyboard.
On August 21, 2003, Willis died due to complications from chronic myelogenous leukemia in Skokie, Illinois. He was 40 years old.
Delirium (Ellie Goulding album)
Delirium is the third studio album by English singer-songwriter Ellie Goulding. The album was released on 6 November 2015. It features the lead single "On My Mind", which reached the top five in the United Kingdom and the top twenty in the United States. The hit song "Love Me like You Do", recorded for the movie Fifty Shades of Grey, is also included on the album. Delirium has reached number two on the album charts in Canada and the top three in the US, UK, and Australia.
Backlash (2005)
Backlash (2005) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It was held on May 1, 2005 at the Verizon Wireless Arena in Manchester, New Hampshire. It was the seventh annual Backlash PPV.
Russell, Kentucky
Russell is a city of Kentucky in the United States.
Béchamel sauce
Béchamel sauce ( in English, in French,  in Italian), also known as white sauce, is a basic mother sauce. It can be used to make other sauces, such as Mornay sauce, which is Béchamel and cheese. This basic sauce is usually made today by whisking scalded milk gradually into a white flour-butter roux (equal part clarified butter and flour), though it can also be made by whisking a kneaded flour-butter beurre manié into scalded milk. The thickness of the final sauce depends on the proportions of milk and flour. Escoffier adds salt and an onion stuck with a clove.
It is named after Louis de Béchamel.
Half-Life: Opposing Force
Half-Life: Opposing Force is an expansion pack for the game Half-Life. The game was developed by Gearbox Software and Valve and published by Sierra Entertainment for Windows in 1999. Opposing Force was the first expansion for Half-Life and was announced in April 1999. Lead designer Randy Pitchford believed Gearbox was selected to develop Opposing Force because Valve, the creators of Half-Life, wanted to focus on their future games.
Opposing Force returns to the same setting as Half-Life, but instead portrays the events from the perspective of a U.S. Marine, one of the enemy characters in the original game. The player character, Adrian Shephard, is sent in to neutralize the Black Mesa Research Facility when a incident causes it to be invaded by aliens, but quickly finds that the Marines are outnumbered by enemies.
Speaker of the Parliament of Sri Lanka
The Speaker of the Parliament of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is the presiding officer of the chamber. The current Speaker of the Parliament is Karu Jayasuriya since 1 September 2015.
Yangzhou
Yangzhou (扬州市) is a prefecture-level city in central Jiangsu Province, China. It sits on the north bank of the Yangtze. In 2010, 4,459,760 people lived there. Yangzhou was very wealthy in the history. For a long time, it was famous for its great businessperson's families, poets, artists, and scholars.
Speculation tax
The Speculation and vacancy tax is a provincial property tax levied in the Province of British Columbia starting in 2019. It is an opt-out tax paid when the property is vacant. It is paid in addition to the regular property tax. The rate for this tax is a half per cent of a home's assessed value for owners who are residents of British Columbia (BC), one per cent for Canadians from other provinces and two percent for owners from other countries. Homes that are not exempt from this tax, pay it in addition to their regular property tax. This tax is not to be confused with Vancouver's empty homes tax, which is also being levied on empty homes located in the city of Vancouver.
All owners of homes in British Columbia are invited to fill out applications for exemption from this tax every year. If a home is owned by more than one person, for example a couple, all owners must complete a separate application for exemption. A part-owner who does not file for an exemption must pay the tax based on their proportional part of the assessed value even if the home is occupied. Tens of thousands of homeowners have not filed for exemption by March 30, 2019.
The BC Goverment says the tax is a "key measure in tackling the housing crisis in major urban centres in British Columbia". It says that it took this action because the people who live and people who work in BC deserve to have affordable housing. According to the goverment, the tax is a part of it's 30-Point Plan to make housing more affordable. The tax is Targeted at speculators who own homes in BC but do not pay taxes. It changes empty homes into occupied  housing. It also creates revenue which will pay for affordable housing.
Estavayer
Estavayer is a new municipality of the canton of Fribourg, Switzerland. It is on the south shore of Lake Neuchâtel and is between Yverdon and Bern. It is the capital of the district of Broye. It was created on 1 January 2017, when the former municipalities of Bussy, Estavayer-le-Lac, Morens, Murist, Rueyres-les-Prés, Vernay and Vuissens merged to form Estavayer.
Speculation tax
This tax is levied on empty homes in most urban centers: Within these areas, any reserve lands, treaty lands, or self-government First Nations are exempt.
Reception
Some commentators such as Douglas Todd believe that this tax has achieved it's goal. He says that prices of homes in Vancouver are moderating as a result of the tax being implemented.
The speculation tax has been named as one of the contributors to a slump in commercial real estate investment in Vancouver in 2018. Asian investments in Vancouver declined to less than $350 million from more than $1 billion in 2016 and 2017. According to government figures the tax brought in revenues of $115 million from 12,029 homeowners iduring a 15-months period in the 2018-2019 provincial fiscal yearwhich ended on March 31, 2019.
The tax has caught many unaware. For example, a Victoria, BC resident who bought a home in 2018 but worked in the United States the previous year, ended up owing almost five thousand dollars to the BC government.
In August of 2019 John Mackie of The Province reported that this provincial vacancy tax and the Empty Homes Tax are leading to  larger numbers  of real estate listings  of luxury condos in downtown Vancouver.
Rowletts, Kentucky
Rowletts is a unincorporated community of Kentucky in the United States. Rowletts is in Hart County.
578
578 was a common year starting on Saturday.
Kate Pierson
Catherine Elizabeth "Kate" Pierson (born April 27, 1948) is an American musician and singer. She was one of the members of The B-52's. She does rock and new wave music. She also sang with other bands.
Pierson was born in Weehawken, New Jersey.
Range (mathematics)
[[Image:Codomain2.SVG|right|thumb|250px|Image of a function
X
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Y
. The yellow oval inside
is the range of
f
is the Codomain of
.]]
In mathematics, the range is a concept which has various meanings in different topics:
Russell Springs, Kentucky
Russell Springs is a city of Kentucky in the United States.
Greater St. Louis
The Greater St. Louis Metropolitan Area surrounds the city of St. Louis, Missouri. St. Louis is the main city and commercial center for the area. It also includes the St. Louis, MO-IL metropolitan statistical area (MSA) and the '''St. Louis–St. Charles–Farmington, MO–IL combined statistical area''' (CSA). The MSA area is the 21st-largest, as of 2020.
In the St. Louis, MO-IL metropolitan statistical area (MSA), it includes the Illinois counties (Bond, Calhoun, Clinton, Jersey, Macoupin, Madison, Monroe, and St. Clair (known collectively as the Metro East)) and the Missouri counties (Crawford (only the City of Sullivan), Franklin, Jefferson, Lincoln, St. Charles, St. Louis (separate from and not inclusive of the city of St. Louis), and Warren).
Greater St. Louis is home to many professional sports teams including the St. Louis Cardinals and St. Louis Blues. Former professional teams include the St. Louis Rams and St. Louis Browns.
Douala
Douala is the largest city in the African country of Cameroon. It is the capital city of Littoral Province.
Standard state
The standard state is a common way for measuring properties of chemicals. Standard state normally is room temperature (25°C) and normal atmospheric pressure (14.7 psi). Normally when no temperature or pressure is given, standard state is implied. If an article says "bromine is a liquid" it means bromine is a liquid in the standard state.
Douala
The city is placed near the Wouri River. Its population is about 2,000,000 people. The first European people who came to Douala were from Portugal. They found Duala in about 1472. Before 1884 it was named Cameroons Town. In 1884 German people came to Duala and changed its name to Kamarunstadt ("Camaroon City") and made it the capital of German Kamerun. In 1907 its name was changed to Duala. It became the capital of French Cameroons in 1919. From 1940 to 1946, it was the capital of Cameroon.
Duala is an expensive city. It ranked 24th most expensive city of the world in 2007.
Transport
Douala is linked by rail to Yaoundé, Ngaoundéré, Kumba and Nkongsamba. The largest port and the most important airport in Cameron are both in Douala.
Ram Baran Yadav
Ram Baran Yadav (born 4 February 1948) is a Nepalese politician and physician. He was the 1st President of Nepal following the declaration of a republic in 2008. He was president from 23 July 2008 to 29 October 2015.
Yadav was Minister of State for Health in the 1991–1994 Nepali Congress government. He was elected to the House of Representatives in 1999.
Upendra Yadav
Upendra Yadav (उपेन्द्र यादव) is a Nepalese politician.
Works
He has served as the chairman of the People's Socialist Party, Nepal since 2020.
He has been the Member of Parliament for Saptari 2 since 2017. He served as the Deputy Prime Minister of Nepal under the government of KP Sharma Oli from 2018 to 2020. He also served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs in the Dahal cabinet from 2008 to 2009 and in the Khanal cabinet in 2011.
Hiiu County
Municipalities
The county has 1 rural municipality - Hiiumaa Parish. The only urban settlement, Kärdla, is part of the parish since 2017.
Ellesmere Island
Ellesmere Island is part of the Qikiqtaaluk Region of the Canadian territory of Nunavut. It is in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, part of the Queen Elizabeth Islands. Cape Columbia is the most northerly point of land in Canada.
Half-Life: Decay
Half-Life: Decay is a multiplayer expansion pack for Half-Life. Created by Gearbox Software and published by Sierra, Decay was released as part of the PlayStation 2 version of Half-Life in 2001. It is the third expansion pack for Half-Life, and like the other expansion packs, Decay returns to the setting and timeline of the original story and portrays the story from the perspective of a different set of protagonists: two female scientists working in the Black Mesa Research Facility. Decay is a cooperative multiplayer game, designed to be played by two people working together to pass through the game's levels.
Ellesmere Island
The area of Ellesmere Island is 196235 km2, the world's tenth biggest island and Canada's third biggest island. The Arctic Cordillera mountain system covers much of Ellesmere Island: it is the most mountainous island in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. The Arctic Willow is the only woody species to grow on Ellesmere Island.
In 2001, 168 people lived on Ellesmere Island. There are three settlements on Ellesmere Island including Alert, Eureka, and Grise Fiord.
Canadian Forces Station (CFS) Alert on Ellesmere Island is the northernmost settlement in the world.
Orlando (disambiguation)
The word Orlando has several meanings :
Lepidosauria
Lepidosauria is a superorder of Sauropsida. It includes the orders :
Orlando (disambiguation)
There are several artistic works that use the name :
The following people use "Orlando" as their surname, or family name :
The following people use "Orlando" as their given name :
Because You Loved Me
"Because You Loved Me" is a 1996 pop-R&B ballad by Canadian singer Celine Dion. Its lyrics are about the protagonist thanking a loyal loved one for guiding, encouraging and protecting her and for making her who she is. It was originally written for the movie Up Close and Personal. Diane Warren, who wrote the song (and others for artists like Cher, Aerosmith, Monica, and Lady Gaga), said the song was a tribute to her father. "Because You Loved Me" won Warren a Grammy Award for Best Song Written for a Motion Picture, Television, or Other Visual Media.
"Because You Loved Me" is the second track on Dion's album Falling into You. The song was at the top of the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 for six weeks. It finished as the third-best performing song of 1996 there. It also reached number one in Canada and Australia and reached number five in the UK. It was certified Platinum in the US for sales and shipments of over one million copies.
Stay with Me (Sam Smith song)
"Stay with Me" is a song by English singer Sam Smith. The song was released through his debut studio album In the Lonely Hour (2014). It was released in the United States on 14 April 2014 and in the United Kingdom on 18 May 2014.
"Stay with Me" is a gospel-inspired ballad. The song was written by Smith, James Napier, and William Phillips.
Tom Petty and Jeff Lynne receiving co-writer credits due to the song's similarity to Petty's single "I Won't Back Down".
Helfrantzkirch
Helfrantzkirch is a commune. It is found in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.
Mercerised cotton
Mercerisation is a textile finishing treatment for cellulose fabric and yarn. It is mainly used for cotton and flax. The process changes the properties of the materials: They can be colored more easily, they withstand tearing better, and the fabric will shrink less, when washed. Fabrics treated that way also have a luster which make them resemble silk in some ways.
Sometimes, cotton treated that way is called Fil d'écosse. Sometimes wool treated in the Mercosett process is also called mercerised.
The process of mercerisation is long, and realtively costly. For this reason, only higher quality textiles are treated that way.
Development
About 1844, John Mercer developed the process. He noticed that when he treated cotton with solutions of sodium hydroxide, this changed the properties of the cotton: The fabric shrank,  and had a higher resistance to tearing. It was also easier to color the material using dyes.
In the original process of Mercer, no tension was applied. The product was termed fulled cotton, a nod to the process of fulling in woven wool fabric. For Mercer, making the material easier to color was the most important technical aspect.
Mercer also tried with sulfuric acid and zinc chloride solutions and discovered the parchmentising effect of sulfuric acid.
The silk-like lustre now commonly associated with mercerising is produced by tension and was discovered by Horace Lowe in 1890.
Process
Treatment with sodium hydroxide destroys the spiral form of the cellulose with formation of alkali cellulose, which is changed to cellulose hydrate on washing out the alkali. Caustic soda concentrations of 20–26% are used. Effective mercerization requires the use of wetting agents.
The improved lustre of mercerised cotton is due to the production of nearly circular cotton fibres under tension. Another characteristic feature is the untwisting (deconvolution) of the cotton hair.
In dry mercerization, the process is carried out while drying the fabric on a stenter.
Forest Park, Ohio
Forest Park is a city in Ohio in the United States.
Donna Dixon
Donna Lynn Dixon (born July 20, 1957) is an American actress.
She was named Miss Virginia USA in 1976 and Miss District of Columbia World in 1977. She competed in both Miss USA 1976 and Miss World USA 1977.
Dixon played Allison Hayes in the NBC drama Berringer's. She co-starred with Tom Hanks in the early 1980s situation comedy Bosom Buddies, playing Sonny Lumet.
Thomas Letsch
Early career
Letsch never played professional football. He started his coaching career at VfB Oberesslingen/Zell as playing coach. In July 2001 he became manager of Stuttgarter Kickers's second team until 2002, but was also a part of the first team staff until the end of the 2002–03 season. Then he moved to FC Union Heilbronn and was the manager for one season. From January 2005 until July 2007, he was the assistant manager of SSV Ulm 1846. From January 2008 to June 2009, he was the manager of SG Sonnenhof Großaspach.
FC Red Bull Salzburg, FC Liefering
In July 2012 he went to Salzburg and managed the under-16 team of FC Red Bull Salzburg. September 2012 he was also appointed as football director of academy. In the following season, he was promoted to first team assistant manager. In July 2014 he became manager of the under-18 squad. In the time with the under-18s he was also the assistant coach for FC Red Bull Salzburg. In December 2015 after Peter Zeidler was sacked, he was for two matches head coach of Salzburg. In the 2015–16 season he also managed the team of FC Red Bull Salzburg in the UEFA Youth League. In June 2015 he became manager of FC Liefering in the Second League.
FC Erzgebirge Aue
On 18 June 2017 Erzgebirge Aue named Letsch as their new manager on a three-year contract. After three games Aue sacked Letsch due to  poor form and results.
FK Austria Wien
On 27 February 2018 he became manager Austria Wien in the Austrian Bundesliga. He was sacked on 11 March 2019.
Vitesse Arnhem
On 26 May 2020 he became the new manager of Vitesse Arnhem. The club went on to secure fourth place in the Eredivisie and reched the final of the Dutch Cup (which was lost 2–1 to AFC Ajax). They were qualified for the UEFA Europa Conference League.
Russellville, Kentucky
Russellville is a city of Kentucky in the United States. It was named for General William Russell. He was a soldier in the Revolutionary War in the United States.
Too Good at Goodbyes
"Too Good at Goodbyes" is a song by English singer Sam Smith. It was written by James Napier, Tor Hermansen, Mikkel Eriksen and Smith, and produced by Napes, Steve Fitzmaurice and StarGate.
It was released on 8 September 2017 through Capitol Records. It was the lead single from his second studio album, The Thrill of It All (2017).
The song reached number one in the UK and number four on the Billboard Hot 100.
Robin Koch
Robin Koch (born 17 July 1996) is a professional footballer who plays for Leeds United. He is from Germany and plays for the national team.
The Thrill of It All (Sam Smith album)
"Too Good at Goodbyes" was released as the album's lead single on 8 September 2017. It topped the UK Singles Chart and made the top five on the US Billboard Hot 100.
The Lost Child (1904 movie)
The Lost Child is a 1904 American silent comedy movie directed by Wallace McCutcheon, Sr. and stars Kathryn Osterman.
M. H. Mohamed
Mohamed Haniffa Mohamed (15 June 1921 –  26 April 2016) was a Sri Lankan politician. Mohamed was the 14th Speaker of the Parliament of Sri Lanka (1989–1994) as well as being a former member of Parliament and government minister.
Hard Rock Stadium
Hard Rock Stadium is a stadium where football, soccer, and other sports are played. The stadium is in Miami Gardens, Florida, which is part of the Miami metropolitan area. It replaced the Orange Bowl, Miami's other football stadium. The Miami Dolphins (pro football) and the Miami Hurricanes (University of Miami football) both play in the stadium. Also, Major League Baseball's Miami Marlins, then known as the Florida Marlins, played there from their first season in 1993 through the 2011 season, after they moved to Marlins Park, a stadium built for baseball at the former Orange Bowl site.
Since it was built, six Super Bowls (Super Bowl XXIII, Super Bowl XXIX, Super Bowl XXXIII, Super Bowl XLI, Super Bowl XLIV, Super Bowl LIV), two World Series (1997 World Series and 2003 World Series), and three BCS National Championship Games (2001 Orange Bowl, 2005 Orange Bowl, 2009 BCS National Championship Game) and 2012 WWE WrestleMania XXVIII have been held in the stadium.
The building of the stadium
The stadium was the first stadium that was built using money from private people. Joe Robbie was the person who gave a good part of the money needed to build the stadium.
Robbie made the stadium with a wider field so that soccer and baseball could be played in the stadium. The seats that are closest to the field are 90 feet from the sidelines on the football field. Baseball was played in the stadium as planned, making use of the wider fields.
After the stadium was completed, it was named for the person who designed the field, Joe Robbie. The first regular season NFL game that was played in the stadium was a win against the Kansas City Chiefs.