cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Empress Myeongseong
In South Korea, people have recently begun showing interest in Queen Min. Novels and musicals have been made about her.
Russo-Ukrainian War
The Russo–Ukrainian War is an ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine that began in February 2014.
Since 2021, more and more Russian soldiers and weapons, were put near Ukraine, and that became a crisis; There was fear of a possible invasion.
On 17 January 2022, Russian troops and weapons began arriving in Belarus for the 'Allied Resolve' exercise starting in February.
On 24 February 2022, President Vladimir Putin announced the invasion of Ukraine. It is believed President Vladimir Putin wishes to conquer the whole of Ukraine and rebuild the USSR.
Titanotylopus
Titanotylopus is an extinct genus of terrestrial herbivore in the family Camelidae. It was endemic to North America from the Miocene through Pleistocene 10.3 million years ago—300,000 years ago. It existed for about.
Iris Rezende
Iris Rezende Machado (22 December 1933 – 9 November 2021) was a Brazilian politician. He was a member of the Brazilian Democratic Movement (MDB). He was born in Cristianópolis, Goiás, Brazil. He was the Mayor of Goiânia three times (1966–1969, 2005–2010, 2017–2021). He was also Governor of Goiás twice (1983–1986, 1991–1994). From 1995 until 2003, he represented the state in the Brazilian Senate.
Carditamera gracilis
Carditamera gracilis, or the West Indian cardita, is a species of bivalve mollusc in the family Carditidae. It can be found off the coast of the West Indies.
Iris Rezende
He was the Minister of Agriculture during the José Sarney presidency between 1986 until 1990. He later was the Minister of Justice and Public Security during the Fernando Henrique Cardoso presidency between 1997 until 1998.
Carditamera gracilis
Description
Carditamera gracilis has an elongated shell, strong medium size about 40 mm. It has more pronounced radial rib and high in the back Its color is white with brown spots inside is pearly.
Iris Rezende
Rezende died on 9 November 2021 at a hospital in São Paulo from problems caused by a stroke, aged 87.
Carditamera gracilis
Distribution
Carditamera gracilis dispatched by the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea.
Habitat
Usually inhabits mainland coast of shallow water attached to rocky substrates.
The Cooler
The Cooler is an American 2003 romantic-drama movie. Its director is Wayne Kramer. In old-school gambling, a "cooler" is an unlucky individual, usually a casino employee.
Bakerhill, Alabama
Bakerhill or Baker Hill is a town in Barbour County, Alabama, United States, near Eufaula. According to the 2020 census, the city had a population of 211. Although it existed as an unincorporated village since before 1860, the city was officially incorporated in 1997.
The Cooler
Plot
Unlucky Bernie Lootz doesn't have much good going for him. He lives in a dreary place: a studio apartment in a run-down motel next to the Las Vegas Strip. He cannot recall the last time he had physical contact with a woman. He's in debt to Shangri-La casino boss Shelly Kaplow. Kaplow cured Lootz' habit by breaking his kneecap. Kaplow had also paid Lootz' casino debts. Lootz' debt is nearly paid off.
Bakerhill, Alabama
Geography
Bakerhill is located at 31.88 degrees north, 85.15 degrees west (31.88495, -85.15390).
The Cooler
Plot
Lootz is not satisfied with the casino business. He tells Kaplow he is leaving Las Vegas soon. But his future success as a luck "cooler" is changed when he meets cocktail waitress Natalie Belisario. She becomes interested in him. Lootz' luck. His luck, and the luck of those around him, take turns for the better.
Crane, Texas
Crane is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
The Cooler
Plot
What Lootz doesn't know yet is that Shelly may have paid Natalie to seduce him into staying and working for Shangri-La. What Shelly doesn't know is Natalie has fallen in love with Lootz, and vice versa.
Other complications hit when Shelly, a relative old-timer, resists efforts from new Shangri-La owner advisers who want to update the casino hotel property and bring the hotel into the 21st century.
Production
The movie was first shown at Sundance Film Festival. The Cooler was also shown at the Cannes Film Festival, Karlovy Vary International Film Festival, Toronto International Film Festival and the Deauville Film Festival. It later went into limited release in the United States. During the limited release, it was shown mainly in Reno, Nevada.
Reception
The Cooler got generally positive reviews from movie critics. The movie review website Rotten Tomatoes gave the movie a %77 "Certified Fresh" rating based on 171 reviews. On the Metacritic, the movie is rated 69/100 based on 36 reviews, meaning "generally positive reviews."
Roger Ebert gave The Cooler a positive review. Ebert and movie critic Richard Roeper gave the movie two thumbs up.
Movie critic Peter Travers gave The Cooler three-and-a-half stars.
Rating
Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA) gave the movie an NC-17 rating for a scene in which the pubic hair of Maria Bello was shown during a sex scene. An edited R-rated version was shown in theaters. A director's cut was broadcast by Cinemax and Independent Film Channel.
Como, Mississippi
Como is a town in Panola County, Mississippi, United States.
Bengali cuisine
Daily meals are usually simple, geared to balance nutrition and makes extensive use of vegetables. The courses progress broadly from lighter to richer and heavier and goes through various tastes and taste cleansers. Rice remains common throughout the meal and is the main constituent of the meal, until the chaţni (chutney) course.
Bangladeshis eat numerous amounts of fish and typically look for freshwater and brackish when making meals. They also temper it with phoron.
One tradition, includes the left side of the cidal fish being cooked in oil.
Max Cavalera
Massimiliano Antonio "Max" Cavalera (born August 4, 1969) is a Brazilian singer, guitarist, and songwriter. He was the lead singer and rhythm guitarist for the heavy metal band Sepultura, before forming Soulfly in the late 1990s. Cavalera was also involved in a short-lived side project, Nailbomb, and is currently performing with Soulfly and another project, Cavalera Conspiracy.
Courtland, Mississippi
Courtland is a town in Panola County, Mississippi, United States.
Hillsborough, California
Hillsborough is an incorporated town in San Mateo County, California, in the San Francisco Bay Area. It is located 17 mi south of San Francisco on the San Francisco Peninsula. The population was 11,387 as of 2020.
Floodwood, Minnesota
Floodwood is a city in St. Louis County, Minnesota, United States.
Chernobyl disaster
The Chernobyl disaster was a nuclear disaster that happened on April 26, 1986 at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant near the town of Pripyat, Ukraine. At that time, Ukraine was part of the Soviet Union. The station was around 110 kilometres north of the nation's capital, Kyiv.
The event was one of the worst accidents in the history of nuclear power. It was rated level 7, the most severe level, on the International Nuclear Event Scale. The only other accident with a level 7 rating is Fukushima. Because the RBMK reactors that were used at the plant had no containment building to keep the radiation in, radioactive fallout drifted over parts of the western Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, Scandinavia, the United Kingdom, and the eastern United States. Large areas of Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia were badly contaminated. About 60% of the radioactive fallout landed in Belarus. About 360,000 people needed to be moved to other places, where they could live after the accident. In addition, many people suffered from acute radiation poisoning and long-term illnesses such as thyroid cancer.
Cause of the accident
On the day of the accident, there was a planned power reduction. By the beginning of the day shift, the power level had reached 50%. Following this, randomly, one of the regional power stations went offline. It was then requested that the further power reduction would be postponed. That request was made at the afternoon of April 25 and further power down was allowed after 22:00 (10:00 PM).
The reactor showed a tendency to accelerate as the cooling pumps connected to the turbine generator were slowing, and due to the property called positive void coefficient of reactivity; as number of so-called ‘voids’ (e.g. steam bubbles) increases due to increased boiling or loss of coolant, so does the reactivity. But the operators successfully kept the reactor in control and it did not accelerate. At 01:23:40 SIUR (senior reactor chief control engineer) L.F. Toptunov pressed the emergency protection button as planned for the shutdown, at the end of the test. The power was at 7% when the button was pressed. However, instead of shutting down, the reactor suffered a power surge. This was due to the reactor being unstable at low power and the shutdown system having severe design flaws. At 01:23:43 the power jumped to 17%. Due to the power increase, the automatic control rods suffered damage and they jammed. Fuel channels ruptured and at 01:23:47 the reactor exploded.
After the accident, Reactor 4 was covered by a "sarcophagus" made from steel and concrete to stop the escape of more radiation from the lost corium as well as radioactive dust. The sarcophagus was covered in 2016 with the New Safe Confinement structure.
Disputes
The accident raised concerns about the safety of the Soviet nuclear power industry. The Soviet Union slowed the process of making its nuclear industry bigger for some time. The government also had to become less secretive as a result of the accident. Since 1991, Russia, Ukraine and Belarus have become separate countries. Those countries have continued to pay the high costs for decontamination (removing the radiation) and health care because of the accident. Exposure to radiation leads to a higher risk of getting cancer.
Deaths
It is difficult to accurately tally the number of deaths caused by the events at Chernobyl. A 2005 IAEA report tells of 56 direct deaths; of those, 47 were accident workers, and 9 were children who died of thyroid cancer. The report thinks that up to 4,000 people may die from long term diseases related to the accident. However, other estimates range from 4,000 to 27,000 by the Union of Concerned Scientists or Greenpeace who estimate that between 93,000 - 200,000 people died as a result of the disaster.
Aftermath
The other three reactors at Chernobyl continued to operate after the disaster because but were not enough other power plants in Ukraine to meet energy demands. Reactor 2 was decommissioned (permanently turned off and stopped being used) in 1991 after a fire in its turbine hall. Reactor 1 was decommissioned in 1996, and reactor 3 was decommissioned in 2000. In 2018, a 3800 panel, 1 megawatt solar plant was opened next to the former nuclear plant.
Bay Minette, Alabama
Bay Minette is a city in Baldwin County, Alabama, United States. According to the 2020 census, its population was 8,107. The city is the county seat of Baldwin County.
Geography
Bay Minette is located at 30.88333°N, -87.77722°W (30.883446, -87.777183).
Ronssoy
Ronssoy is a commune in the Somme department in Picardie in northern France.
Bay Minette, Alabama
Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 8.0 sqmi. 0.04 sqmi (0.50%) is water.
Ronssoy
Geography
Ronssoy is 11 mi north of Saint-Quentin, on the D6 road.
Bay Minette, Alabama
Notable residents
RebelX
Barren Island
Barren island is in the Andaman and Nicobar group of islands. India's only active volcano is there.
Roby, Texas
Roby is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
Donbas
The Donbas or Donbass (, ; Донба́с ; Донба́сс) is a historical, cultural, and economic region in south-eastern Ukraine. It includes the Donetsk Oblast and Luhansk Oblast.
The word Donbas is a portmanteau word made from Donets Basin, an abbreviation of "Donets Coal Basin".
Alcohol by volume
Alcohol by volume (often shortened to ABV)  tells how much ethanol there is in an alcoholic drink. The quantity is measured at a temperature of 20 C. Common levels of alcohol are 3-5 percent for cider, 4-7 percent for beer, and 12-14 percent for wine. Distilled alcoholic drinks ( called spirits) contain more than twenty percent ethanol.
A directive of the European Union of 1976 says that the alcohol content of alcoholic drinks must be measured using the ABV measurement described above.
Other ways of measuring alcohol content
Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac (1777-1850) and Johann Georg Tralles (1763-1822) developed other means of measuring alcohol content. These units are usually measured in degrees, noted °GL, or °GT. The scale Gay-Lussac developed is almost equal to the ABV scale described above. There may be slight different, because Gay-Lussac measured the alcohol content at 15° centigrade, and not 20°.
Bonham, Texas
Bonham is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
Yakutia Airlines
Yakutia Airlines ("Авиакомпания Якутия") is a Russian airline. It started in 1992 with the name "Sakha Avia". In 2002, the name was changed to "Yakutia Airlines". Today, Yakutia goes from Russia to Asia, Europe and the USA.
Khattak Dance
Khattak (خټک اتڼ, ) is a swift martial sword-dance performed by professional dancers of tribes of Pashtuns in Pakistan and some eastern parts of Afghanistan. It It was performed by warriors before going to wars as a war-preparation exercise and is known to be the only dance with swordplay.
Zenón Díaz
Zenón Díaz was an Argentinian football player. He was the first native footballer in Argentina national football team. He played all his career in Rosario Central.
Club career Max
He started as a goalkeeper in 1903. Later, Díaz played as a defender, becoming in one of the most famous footballer of amateur era. He played around 150 games and scored 8 goals. He won 4 national titles and 7 locals titles with the canallas. He also worked at the Central Argentine Railway.
National team career
He was the first native player in Argentina national team. His first match was in 1905 versus Nottingham Forest. Later he played in several cups against Uruguay, and participated in the first South American Championship (1916).
References
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Derrick Green
Derrick Leon Green (born January 20, 1971) is an American singer. He is the lead singer for the Brazilian heavy metal band Sepultura. Allmusic said about the singer: "There was a time when the idea of Sepultura recording without Max Cavalera seemed unthinkable. But the incendiary Green turned out to be a fine replacement."
Beaumont, Mississippi
Beaumont is a town in Perry County, Mississippi, United States.
Richton, Mississippi
Richton is a town in Perry County, Mississippi, United States.
Gilbert, Minnesota
Gilbert is a city in St. Louis County, Minnesota, United States.
Son Lux
Son Lux is an American experimental band. Their careers began in 2008. The band composed the music for 2022 science fiction action movie Everything Everywhere All at Once, which received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Original Score at the 95th Academy Awards.
Acheux-en-Amiénois
Acheux-en-Amiénois is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.
In 2010, the population was 569.
Siat
Siat was a municipality of the district of Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.
The Legend of Zelda: The Minish Cap
The Legend of Zelda: The Minish Cap, known in Japan as ゼルダの伝説 ふしぎのぼうし (Zeruda no Densetsu Fushigi no Bōshi), is an action adventure video game made by Flagship and published by Nintendo for the Game Boy Advance game console.
Siat
On 1 January 2014, the former municipalities of Siat, Castrisch, Ilanz, Ladir, Luven, Pitasch, Riein, Ruschein, Schnaus, Sevgein, Duvin, Pigniu and Rueun merged into the new municipality of Ilanz/Glion.
Francesc Macià i Llussà
Francesc Macià i Llussà (1859 - 1933) was the 122nd President of Catalonia. He was also a Catalan officer in the Spanish Army.
Life
Macià achieved the rank of lieutenant-colonel during his military career. He condemned the assault of some Spanish officers on the journal La Veu de Catalunya in 1905. He was forced to abandon the army.
In 1922 he founded the independentist party Estat Català.
In 1926 he attempted a revolt against the Spanish dictatorship of Miguel Primo de Rivera. This uprising was based in Prats de Molló (Roussillon). It was aborted by the French Gendarmerie, but it gained a lot of popularity for his cause in Catalonia.
In 1931 Macià proclaimed the Free Catalan Republic in Barcelona. He was forced afterwards to settle for partial autonomy within the new Spanish Republic. Macià was the President of Generalitat from 1932 until his death in 1933. He is buried at the Montjuïc Cemetery in Barcelona's Montjuïc hill.
Sino-Soviet split
The Sino-Soviet split (1956-1966) was a time when the relations between the People's Republic of China and the Soviet Union weakened during the Cold War. Eventually, China's leader, Mao Zedong, decided to break the alliance with the Soviet Union.
The Soviet leader, Stalin, wanted to help spread communism in the world, including China. In the Second Sino-Japanese War, the Soviets gave weapons and supplies to the Kuomintang, and advised the Communists to ally with them against the Japanese Empire. The Chinese Civil War continued, however. After World War II, Stalin and the Soviet Union helped the Communists. Chinese leaders disliked the Soviet leaders for not helping Mao and the Communists from the start.
The split
Suddenly, in 1953, Stalin died. Mao saw Stalin as the leader of Communism, but also had a bad relationship with the Soviet Union throughout his time as leader. The new Soviet leader, Nikita Khrushchev, was not like Stalin. He did not want capitalism to collapse like Stalin did. Mao got angry about this, and he wanted Nikita Khrushchev to help him fight the imperialists. Khrushchev said no, and then Mao decided that if Khrushchev was not going to cooperate, they would not work with each other anymore.
Awake
Being Awake is a daily brain state. It is being in a state of consciousness where one is conscious about the surroundings. The person (or animal) can respond to these surroundings by communicating, walking, eating, and more.
Being awake is the opposite of being asleep. When you are asleep most responses to your surroundings are turned off, and you are unconscious of what is happening around you.
Animals are awake for some hours each day or night. Animals which are awake during the day are called diurnal. Animals which are awake during the night are called nocturnal.
Diurnal animals include humans. They wake up in the morning and are awake during the day. When they are awake they can eat and move.
Gas chromatography
Gas chromatography is a type of chromatography. The sample that is going to be tested is first turned into a gas, and then carried through a column by a nonreactive 'carrier' gas such as helium or other inert gas such as nitrogen. As the sample is carried through the column it is separated into its individual components. To achieve this the column is housed inside an oven, where the temperature is controlled to allow the individual components to exit the column at different times.
Carrier gas
In selecting a carrier gas it is important to select a gas that will not react with the components of the sample. The carrier gas should also be able to withstand high temperatures due to the oven. The flow rate of the carrier gas is important in that if it is too high there is not enough time for the sample to interact with the column and no separation will be seen, if it is too slow the experiment may take a very long time.
Ray Comfort
Ray Comfort (born December 5, 1949) is a New Zealand-born American Christian minister and evangelist of Jewish descent. He started Living Waters Publications and The Way of the Master, with Kirk Cameron, and has written many books.
Gas chromatography
Column
The main type of columns used in gas chromatography is a capillary column. Packed columns are created of fused silica or stainless steel. To increase separation of a gas sample columns must be created of a large length and are coiled to fit inside of the oven. Capillary columns are separated into two categories; wall coated open tubular and support coated open tubular. WCOT are capillary tubes with a thin layer of stationary phase, and in SCOT, the tube is lined with a thin film of support material. As the sample moves through the column the individual parts of the sample become contained with the material inside of the column and are then released. This action allows for a sample to become separated.
Detector
Many types of detectors are used in gas chromatographic separations, with the most common are flame ionization, thermal conductivity, and mass spectrometry detectors. In a flame ionization detectors, the separated sample from the column is directed into a flame. By creating a voltage near the burner tip and the detector, the ions that are produced from the flame travel towards the detector. Flame detectors are not capable of detecting H2O, CO2, SO2, and CO.
With a thermal conductivity detector, the sample from the column is passed into an area that is electrically heated. The thermal conductivity of the column is reduced when the sample passes over by. When this occurs the detector heats up and measures the change in resistance. The thermal conductivity detector is capable of detecting all types of compounds.
A mass spectrometer measures the mass to charge ratio of fragmented ions of a sample. The output of a column can be feed directly into the ionization chamber of the mass spectrometer. A mass spectrometry detector is capable of being able to obtain information from incompletely separated components. Two types of mass spectrometer detectors used are quadrupole and time of flight mass analyzers. In a quadrupole detector, a voltage is produced which makes ions of a specific mass to travel to the detector. In a time of flight mass analyzer, the speed of an ion is measured allowing the mass to charge ratio to be known.
Applications
If a sample is compared to a standard calibration it is possible to know how much of a separated part of the sample makes up the sample. This is useful in monitoring quality of a product such as medicine, beverage, or perfume.
Berehomet
Berehomet (Берегомет) is town in western Ukraine. The town is on the Siret River. As of 2001, 8,513 people lived in Berehomet.
Heterometrus swammerdami
Heterometrus swammerdami, commonly called the Giant Forest Scorpion, is the world's largest scorpion species.
Its venom does not usually kill humans, because it has arguably evolved to kill its prey by crushing it with its pincers and not by venom. The subspecies H. s. titanicus lives in Sri Lanka and India. Scientists often find the giant forest scorpion in tropical rainforests and other types of moderately warm climates.
Ramat Gan
Ramat Gan (رَمَات چَان‎) is a city in the Tel Aviv District of Israel, located east of Tel Aviv. It is home to one of the world's major diamond exchanges, and many high-tech industries. The current mayor of the city is Carmel Shama.
Ramat Gan was established in 1921 as a moshava, a communal farming settlement, and in 2015 it had a population of 152,596.
Paul Ray
Paul Ray (born October 25, 1966) is an American businessman, politician, and police officer. He is a member of the Utah House of Representatives since 2005. He was a member before from 2001 until 2002. Ray is a member of the Republican Party. He was born in Peru, Indiana.
In December 2021, Ray was hospitalized for a cerebral hemorrhage and had surgery to stop bleeding in the brain.
Agenville
Agenville is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.
In 2006 the population was 106.
Hermantown, Minnesota
Hermantown is a city in St. Louis County, Minnesota, United States.
Osyka, Mississippi
Osyka is a town in Pike County, Mississippi, United States.
8701
8701 is the third studio album by American singer Usher. It was released by Arista Records on August 7, 2001.
History
Recording the album took place in 2000 and 2001. The album debuted at number four on the Billboard 200 chart. It sold 210,000 copies the first week. In 18 weeks it sold 1,940,000 copies.
It has sold 4,700,000 copies in the United States. The album has sold over 8,000,000 copies worldwide. It was certified 4x Platinum by the RIAA. It reached number one on the UK Albums Chart and the Canadian Albums Chart. In Australia, it was certified 2x Platinum and Platinum by the BPI.
The album was given positive reviews from music critics. Many liked Usher's "matured voice" and the instruments Usher used to record the songs.
Personnel
Credits for 8701 from Allmusic.
At the foot of the glacier (Filippini)
At the foot of the glacier (also known as Ai piedi del ghiacciaio) is a 19th-century landscape.
History
It was painted in oil by Francesco Filippini. It was made around 1875-1895, during the Late Italian Impressionism in Milan, Italy. Filippini really had no teacher, he had some friends and colleagues of artistic research, and many students and followers even if not formalized.
Prisoners of a White God
Prisoners of a White God (Zajatci Bílého Boha) is a film about the hardships of the Akha people in Laos and Thailand. It talks about how they are being treated wrong by Christian missionaries, who are not allowing them to practice their culture, using them as child labor on tea farms, and using them as sex slaves.
At the foot of the glacier (Filippini)
Price
The painting was sold by Sotheby's auction house for € 108,250 beyond auction rights in 2007 to a private collection in Milan.
Jasper, Texas
Jasper is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
At the foot of the glacier (Filippini)
Description
The work portrays a refuge behind a glacier in the Italian mountains, with a strong symbolic meaning. The peculiarity is the colors of the clouds of the sky, with the introspective Rulusche clouds of the Filipinos that contrast and are based with syncretism at the same time of the mountain. His works that portray landscapes, skies with clouds, hills, mountains and resting peasants are his most precious subjects.
Kyle Larson
Kyle Miyata Larson (born July 31, 1992) is an American professional auto racing driver. He competes full-time in the NASCAR Cup Series. Larson is the 2021 NASCAR Cup Series champion.
Callosamia promethea
The Promethea Moth (Callosamia promethea) is a species of moth. It belongs in the family Saturniidae. It is also known as the Promethea Silkmoth or the Spicebush Silkmoth.
Description
The male has dark brownish-black wings. There is a faint white line that runs down the center of both wings. There is pinkish coloring near the tip of the fore wing (the top wing). The female is bright reddish-pink or a brownish color. Both genders have tan colored wing edges. The wingspan measures 7.5-9.5 cm.
Haliastur indus
In culture
For the Ibans of the Upper Rajang, Sarawak, Borneo, a brahminy kite is believed to be the manifestation of Singalang Burung when he comes down to earth. Singalang Burung is the ultimate deity of incomparable qualities and superior abilities in every dimension. He is also known as the god of war.
Callosamia promethea
Life cycle
Mating happens from afternoon to early evening. Egg-laying begins at night. Females are attracted to lights, but males are not. Females lay 2-12 eggs in a cluster on the host plant (the host plant is the plant that the caterpillar eats). The yound caterpillars feed together on the underside of leaves. They are greenish yellow and striped with black. The older caterpillars do not feed together. They are almost all green except for 4 red knobs above the thorax and 1 yellow knob on the eighth abdominal segment. The caterpillar makes a cocoon within a leaf. The cocoon is firmly attached to the lower branches of the host plant. The Promethea Moth has 1 brood in the northern part of its range (which flies from June-July). It has 2 or more broods in the southern part of its range (which fly from March-May and again from July-August).
Edinburg, Texas
Edinburg is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection
The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection is a book by R.A. Fisher first published in 1930 by Oxford University Press which combines Mendelian genetics with Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection. It is one of the most important books of the modern evolutionary synthesis.
Editions
A second, slightly revised edition was published in 1958. In 1999, a third variorum edition, with the original 1930 text, annotated with the 1958 alterations, notes and alterations accidentally omitted from the second edition was published.
Its significance
When Fisher started his career, genetics was not a well-understood science. There were biologists who did not see how evolution by natural selection could happen with heredity as they understood it. The main effect of the book was to show the small changes in genes could indeed lead to the large changes seen in the fossil record. Fisher's second chapter, the Fundamental theory of natural selection, convinced most biologists that Darwin's idea and modern genetics were compatible (could work together). Fisher's view was reinforced by Julian Huxley, J.B.S. Haldane, Sewell Wright, Theodosius Dobzhansky, and G. Ledyard Stebbins. All of these men were in touch with genetics. With the addition of two field biologists, Ernst Mayr and Bernhard Rensch and a palaeontologist, George Simpson, the group put together the modern synthesis.
Fisher also developed ideas on sexual selection, mimicry and the evolution of dominance. He showed that mutations with big effects usually reduce the fitness of the individual. He also proved that larger populations carry more variation and have a greater chance of survival. He set the foundations for population genetics.
About a third of the book concerned the applications of genetics to humans. Using the British census data of 1911, he showed there was an inverse relationship between fertility and social class. This was partly due, he believed, to the rise in social status of families who were not capable of producing many children but who rose because of the financial advantage of having a small number of children. Therefore he suggested subsidies (he called them allowances) to families with larger numbers of children, with the allowances proportional to the earnings of the father. He himself had two sons and six daughters.
Reviews
The book was reviewed, among others, by physicist Charles Galton Darwin, a grandson of Charles Darwin's. After his review, C.G. Darwin sent Fisher his copy of the book, with notes in the margin. The marginal notes became the food for a correspondence running at least three years.
Although Fisher's book was immediately understood by the few who understood genetics, it was a long time before the general biologist appreciated it. It is now agreed to be one of the foundations of modern population genetics and evolution.
Fisher's book also had a major influence on W.D. Hamilton and the development of his theories on the genetic basis for kin selection. Hamilton, a leading theoretician of the later 20th century, said:
The Legend of Zelda: Four Swords Adventures
The Legend of Zelda: Four Swords Adventures, known in Japan as Zelda no Densetsu: Yottsu no Tsurugi Plus (ゼルダの伝説　4つの剣+), is an action adventure video game made by Nintendo for the Nintendo GameCube game console.
Gert and Hermien
Gert and Hermien (Dutch: Gert en Hermien) were a musical duo from the Province of Overijssel in the Netherlands, consisting of Gert Timmerman (died 2017) and his wife Hermien Timmerman-van der Weide (died 2003).
They were singing from the 1960s to the early 1990s.
Their most well-known song was "Shalalie shalala".
After their conversion to Christianity in 1974, they only did religious singing for several years.
Jean-Jacques Burnel
Jean-Jacques "JJ" Burnel (born 21 February 1952 in Notting Hill, London) is a Franco-English musician, producer and songwriter, best known as the bass guitarist with the English rock band The Stranglers.
Carcassonne
Carcassonne (Carcassona) is a fortified French town, in the Aude département, Occitanie region. It is separated into the fortified Cité de Carcassonne and the more expansive lower city, the ville basse.
Languages constructed by J. R. R. Tolkien
This article is about the constructed languages of J. R. R. Tolkien, used in his Middle-earth universe.
Carcassonne
This bastide, which was thoroughly restored from 1853 by the theorist and architect Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, was added to the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites in 1997.
History
Romans fortified the hilltop of Carcassonne around 100 BC and eventually made it the colonia of Julia Carsaco, later Carcasum. The main part of the lower courses of the northern ramparts dates from Gallo-Roman times.
Languages constructed by J. R. R. Tolkien
External history
J. R. R. Tolkien was a philologist, and he was interested in language since he was a child. He invented several languages, which he then used in his Middle-earth writings. Aside from the external history, most of his languages have also an invented "internal history". The internal history means how the languages evolved and were used inside the fictional story by the fictional people who spoke them. Some of Tolkien's languages have a detailed grammar and vocabulary. Other languages are not very detailed, and some languages have only a few words and names. Quenya and Sindarin are the best and most developed languages, while others like Rohirric, Khuzdûl, or Black Speech, are not so developed.
Tolkien also created the Tengwar, Sarati, and Cirth scripts for his languages.
Carcassonne
History
In 462 the Romans officially left and the Visigothic king Theodoric II built more fortifications at Carcassonne, some of them still stand. In 760, Pippin was unable to take Carcassonne, although he was able to most of the south of France.
Languages constructed by J. R. R. Tolkien
Elvish languages
The Elvish languages or Eldarin languages are the languages of the Elves. At other times, Elvish languages were the common speech. Later the Elvish languages were also used by humans, especially by scientists and the nobility. The Eldarin languages can be divided into two groups: Quenya language and Telerin languages (which includes Telerin, Nandorin, and Sindarin).
Quenya
Quenya is an Elvish language. It was spoken by the Vanyar and Noldor elves in Valinor. When the Noldor returned to Middle-earth in the First Age, they brought Quenya with them. But the native Sindarin became far more common in everyday speech. In the Second Age and especially in the Third Age, Quenya in Middle-earth was used more as a scientific and ritual language. Because of this Tolkien sometimes called Quenya the "Elf-Latin".
Carcassonne
History
In 1067 Carcassonne became the property of Raimond Bernard Trencavel, viscount of Albi and Nîmes. Carcassonne became famous in its role in the Albigensian Crusades, when the city was a stronghold of occitan cathars. In August 1209 the crusading army of Simon de Montfort forced its citizens to surrender. He added to the fortifications. Carcassonne became a border citadel between France and Aragon.
Geography
Carcassonne is at about 90 km southeast of Toulouse in the space between the Pyrenees and the Massif Central of France. It is at the crossing of two major traffic routes: the route leading from the Atlantic to the Mediterranean and that from the Massif Central to Spain, skirting the Pyrenees. Both routes exist since ancient history.
Languages constructed by J. R. R. Tolkien
Telerin
Telerin is an Elvish language. It was spoken by the Teleri elves. From Telerin developed several new languages and dialects, for example Sindarin.
Carcassonne
Geography
The commune is in the valley of the Aude river. Another river that flows through the city is the Fresquel river. The Canal du Midi also flows through the commune.
Languages constructed by J. R. R. Tolkien
Sindarin
Sindarin is an Elvish language. It came from the Telerin language. It was spoken by the Sindar (or Grey Elves) in Middle-earth. It later became the most common elvish language spoken in Middle-earth.
Carcassonne
Geography
The commune of Carcassonne has an area of 65.1 km2, and its average altitude is 111 m; at the city hall, the altitude is 110 m.
Languages constructed by J. R. R. Tolkien
Adûnaic
Adûnaic is the language of the people of Númenor. After the Fall of Númenor, Adûnaic was not often used anymore. From Adûnaic and the native languages of the western coastlands of Middle-earth developed Westron.
Westron
Westron (Westron: Adûni, Sindarin: Annúnaid), or the Common Speech (Westron: Sôval Phârë), is a language of Middle-earth. It comes from Adûnaic and the natives languages of Middle-earth. In the Third Age, Westron is used as the common language, spoken by most peoples. In the books, the text written in English is meant to be Westron most of the time.
Carcassonne
Climate
The climate of Carcassonne, in the Köppen climate classification, is Cfb - oceanic climate with warm summers.
Languages constructed by J. R. R. Tolkien
Rohirric
Rohirric (also Rohirian or Rohanese) is the language of the Rohirrim of Rohan. In the books, Rohirric text and names are always represented by Old English. This is made because Rohirric should feel older but similar to the hobbit's Westron, and they are in the books represented by Old English and Modern English.
Carcassonne
Population
The inhabitants of Carcassonne are known, in French, as Carcassonnais (women: Carcassonnaises ).
With a population of 45,941, Carcassonne has a population density of inhabitants/km2.
Languages constructed by J. R. R. Tolkien
Khuzdûl
Khuzdûl is the language of the Dwarves. The dwarves keep much of what they do a secret, and they also do this with their language. Because of this, only a few place-names and phrases are known from Khuzdûl. Dwarves have never told other (non-dwarven) people their Khuzdûl names. Instead, they use other names when talking to the other peoples of Middle-earth. The dwarven "nicknames" that appear in the books are all taken from Norse mythology. Besides the spoken language, called aglab, Khuzdûl had the iglishmek, which was a sign language.
Entish
Entish is the language of the Ents. The language is, like the Ents themselves, very "unhasty": it takes a lot of time to say something. The language uses very long descriptions and many repetitions. Because it is so complicated and takes so much time, nobody but the Ents use or understand this language.
Carcassonne
Population
Evolution of the population in Carcassonne
Carcassonne forms, with other 2 communes, the urban area of Carcassonne with a population of 49,257 inhabitants (2013) and an area of 71.6 km2. This urban area is the centre of the metropolitan area of Carcassonne, formed by 71 communes with a population of 98,318 inhabitants (2013) and an area of 804.9 km2.
Languages constructed by J. R. R. Tolkien
Valarin
Valarin was the language spoken by the Ainur.
Carcassonne
Education
A campus of the École nationale de l'aviation civile (French civil aviation academy) is in Carcassonne.
Languages constructed by J. R. R. Tolkien
Black Speech
Black Speech is the language of Sauron. The language was created by him and used by his followers. The inscription on the One Ring was Black Speech, written in Tengwar. Aside from the Ring-inscription, there are several names and words of Black Speech known.
Carcassonne
Administration
Carcassonne is the prefecture of the Aude department, the capital of the arrondissement of Carcassonne and the administrative centre (chef-lieu) of three cantons:
It is part of the intercommunality Carcassonne Agglo (Communauté d'agglomération Carcassonne Agglo).
Twinned and partner towns
Carcassonne is twinned with:
The fortified city
The fortifications consist of a double ring of ramparts and 53 towers. In 1849, the architect Eugène Viollet-le-Duc took over restoration works. At his death in 1879 his pupil Paul Boeswillwald, and later the architect Nodet continued the rehabilitation of Carcassonne. The restoration was strongly criticized during Viollet-le-Duc's lifetime because he made the error of using slates and restoring the roofs as pointed cones, where local practice was traditionally of tile roofing and low slopes, as in this region snow was very seldom. But today Viollet-le-Duc's work at Carcassonne is thought to be a work of genius, even if it is not exactly the same as it was.
Algoma, Mississippi
Algoma is a town in Pontotoc County, Mississippi, United States.
Llano, Texas
Llano is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
Ecru, Mississippi
Ecru is a town in Pontotoc County, Mississippi, United States.
Hoyt Lakes, Minnesota
Hoyt Lakes is a city in St. Louis County, Minnesota, United States.
County Meath
County Meath (Contae na Mí) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the province of Leinster. It is named after the ancient Kingdom of Mide (in Gaelic Mide means "middle"). 184,135 people lived in the county according to the 2011 census. The county town is Navan, this is where the county hall and government are located. Trim used to be the county town.
The River Boyne flows through the county.
History
The county is sometimes known by the nickname "The Royal County" because of its history as the seat of the High King of Ireland.
County Meath formed the eastern part of the former Kingdom of Mide. The seat of the High King of Ireland was at Tara which is not far from Navan.
Edna, Texas
Edna is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
County Meath
History
The archaeological complex of Brú na Bóinne is 5,000 years old. It includes the burial sites of Newgrange, Knowth and Dowth, in the north-east of the county. It is a UNESCO designated World Heritage Site.
Thaxton, Mississippi
Thaxton is a town in Pontotoc County, Mississippi, United States.
County Meath
Economy
The county has a lot of farms, mainly cattle, dairying, potatoes and grain. Meath is Ireland's leading county producer of potatoes, and a significant producer of beef, barley, milk, wheat, and root vegetables. Europe's largest underground lead-zinc mine, Tara Mines, has operated since 1977, at a location to the west of Navan.
Ailly-le-Haut-Clocher
Ailly-le-Haut-Clocher is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.
In 2006 the population was 881.
Klaus Wowereit
Klaus Wowereit (born 1 October 1953) is a German politician. He was born in Berlin. He was the SPD Governing Mayor of Berlin from 2001 to 2014. He and his party won 31.4% of the votes in the 2001 state elections, and he started a coalition government with Linkspartei.PDS. He was President of the Bundesrat in 2001/02. He was re-elected as Governing Mayor in 2006, and has carried on the coalition.
He supports Kurt Beck as "Kanzlerkandidat", the SPDs nominee for the Chancellorship of Germany. Many people wanted Wowereit to be the candidate, not so many after he decided to stay in coalition with Die Linke after the 2006 elections.
He is openly gay.
Background
Klaus Wowereit attended the Ulrich-von-Hutten-Oberschule in Berlin until 1973. He went on to study law at the Free University Berlin, passing his first State Exams in 1981 and the second set in 1984.
Political career
After university Wowereit spent three years as a civil servant in the Senate Office (that is, Ministry) of the Interior. At the age of 30, he was became the youngest councillor in the city of Berlin when he was elected a councillor of Tempelhof Borough. After eleven years he stood for the Berlin House of Deputies Abgeordnetenhaus which is City's Landtag or state legislature in 1995. In December 1999, he was elected chairman of the SPD parliamentary group in the Abgeordnetenhaus. From June 2001 to December 2014 he served as Governing Mayor, Regierender Bürgermeister, of Berlin.
Sexual orientation
Wowereit is one of the most famous German politicians who has openly declared himself homosexual. He came out at a convention of the Berlin SPD just before the 2001 mayoral elections, when he said "Ich bin schwul, und das ist auch gut so." ("I am gay, and it's good that way".) This is now a famous quotation in Germany. He probably came out so that the tabloid newspapers could not publish what they thought were embarrassing stories about him.
Wowereit is not the only gay mayor of a large European city. Bertrand Delanoë, the mayor of Paris, is openly gay, and Ole von Beust, the former mayor of Hamburg, is also gay.
In September 2007, Wowereit published an autobiography called "...und das ist auch gut so.", after his famous coming out phrase.
Sabina Bajagain
Sabina Bajagain (Nepali: सबिना बजगाईं) is a Nepalese politician and a member of the Koshi Provincial Assembly from Rastriya Prajatantra Party. She was elected via 2022 Provincial Assembly election from Jhapa 1 (B).
Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
Ratified on February 3, 1913, the Sixteenth Amendment (Amendment XVI) to the United States Constitution allows the Congress to impose a federal income tax. This allows the federal government to collect a tax on personal income, no matter where that income came from. The Sixteenth Amendment overturned the 1895 Supreme Court landmark decision in Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co. In Pollock, the Court ruled that a 2 percent tax on incomes over $4,000 was unconstitutional. This was because the law the ruling struck down did not allow for apportionment, the court ruled against it. The Sixteenth Amendment allowed Congress to levy a uniform direct income tax without being subject to apportionment.
Text
""The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment among the several States, and without regard to any census or enumeration.""
Background
When the framers of the Constitution were determining how the new government would be funded, they were trying to avoid a tax based on a person's income. In the Constitution, Article one, Sections 2 and 9 created the "rule of apportionment". On a practical basis this required Congress to tax the states based on each state's population instead of a tax on each person's income or property. For example, if a state made up four percent of the total population, they would be required to pay four percent of the total federal tax. The framers of the Constitution expected direct taxes to be used and defined the term broadly. However, they did not see that apportionment would cripple any attempt to collect direct taxes.