cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Tasman Peninsula
Location
Tasman Peninsula is south and west of Forestier Peninsula. It is connected by a very narrow piece of land (isthmus) called Eaglehawk Neck. The Forestier Peninsula is joined to the rest of Tasmania by an isthmus called East Bay Neck, near the town of Dunalley about 60 km from Hobart.
There are a lot of things for visitors to see including the Conservation Park, on the main highway at Taranna, the Port Arthur Historic Site and a number of beaches.
Regina and Margaret DeFrancisco
Seven months later on October 18, 2002, Regina was arrested in Dallas, Texas. The Chicago FBI reported that she was taken into custody after a traffic stop and high speed chase.
John Tyndall
John Tyndall FRS 2 August 1820 – 4 December 1893) was an important 19th-century Irish physicist. He studied diamagnetism. Later he made discoveries about infrared radiation and the physical properties of the air. In 1859 he proved the connection between atmospheric CO2 and what is now known as the greenhouse effect.
Regina and Margaret DeFrancisco
Regina DeFrancisco was found guilty of murder and armed robbery. She was sentenced to 35 years in prison. Margaret was sentenced to 46 years in prison.
Tasman Peninsula
Early history
The first people to live here were the Australian aborigines. They were part of a group known as the Ostyer Bay tribe. This large group lived on the east coast of Tasmania. The Tasman Peninsula is named after Dutch explorer Abel Tasman.
Ceremony
A ceremony is an activity performed at a special time usually with according seriousness. Ceremonies may be done to celebrate an event or rite of passage. Other important ceremonies include the tea ceremony in Asian cultures,
Tasman Peninsula
Early history
The first European settlement of the Peninsula was Port Arthur in the 1830s. It was selected as a penal colony because it was isolated from the rest of Tasmania. It could be easily got to by sea. The other prison colony at Macquarie Harbour on the west coast was too difficult to get to by sea. The prisoners there were moved to a new prison at Port Arthur. The peninsula also had a lot of trees that could be used for ship building and building houses. It had a deep sheltered harbour where visiting British warships could be repaired. Eaglehawk Neck was lined with guards and guard dogs, to prevent the escape of any convicts. Some did escape, including the bushranger Martin Cash.
John Tyndall
Tyndall also published more than a dozen science books which brought state-of-the-art 19th century experimental physics to a wide audience. From 1853 to 1887 he was professor of physics at the Royal Institution of Great Britain in London.
Ceremony
A ceremony may mark a rite of passage in a person's job or life, showing how important it is. Examples:
Tasman Peninsula
Early history
The Saltwater River, Tasmania historic site (entry free) is near the north west tip of the peninsula. It was originally the site of a coal mine. Prisoners dug for coal during the day and lived in underground cells at night.
Ceremony
Other ceremonies may mark yearly events like:
Tasman Peninsula
Early history
The prison at Port Arthur is now a tourist attraction. Tourism is a major business in most of Tasmania. Bushwalking is also popular in the remote parts of the peninsula. Popular places to walk to include Cape Raoul and Cape Pillar at the south west and south east ends of the Peninsula, on either side of the entrance to Port Arthur.
Ceremony
Government ceremonies
Sometimes, a ceremony may only be done by certain people. A wedding is done by a priest or a Civil Celebrant. The President of the United States is sworn in by the Chief Justice of the United States at his or her inauguration. The British monarch is usually made king or queen by the Archbishop of Canterbury at his or her coronation.
Tasman Peninsula
Tasmanian Devil
It is now the main area in the battle to save the Tasmanian Devil from extinction. The devils have been getting a new type of cancer called Devil Facial Tumour Disease (DFTD). It has spread quickly through the devil population. The disease has already killed more than half of the Tasmanian devils.
Coastline
The rocky coastline has been the site of a number of shipwrecks. Two large steam ships have sunk after hitting the Hyppolyte Rocks off the east coast - the Tasman in 1883 and the Nord in 1915. Munroe Bight to the north of Cape Pillar is named after the American ship James Munroe wrecked there in 1850.
Local industry
In the years between convict settlement and the start of the modern tourist industry the area most people worked in the timber industry and fishing. The area was not suitable for big farms. There are some fruit orchards and some small mixed farms. The area was isolated until a regular river steamer began sailing from Port Arthur to Hobart in the 1880s. From 1900 to the 1930s the main shipping company was the Huon, Channel & Peninsula Steamship Company. They owned several ships including the M.V. Cartela.
Many smaller towns are also on the Tasman Peninsula. The largest are Nubeena and Koonya. Smaller villages are Premaydena, Highcroft and Stormlea.
The Tasman Peninsula is well known for its rocky eastern coastline. Much of it is now in the Tasman National Park. At Eaglehawk Neck the rocks have made many strange shapes and patterns. These include Remarkable Caves, Tasman's Arch and the Tessellated Pavement. On the south of the peninsula are the highest sea cliffs in the southern hemisphere, rising 300 m above the Tasman Sea at Cape Hauy. The peninsula is claimed as one of Australias best surfing spots at Cape Roaul and Roaring Beach.
Iodine pentafluoride
Iodine pentafluoride is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is IF5. It has iodine and fluoride ions. The iodine is in its +5 oxidation state.
Properties
Iodine pentafluoride is a pale yellow liquid. It is an interhalogen. It is also a powerful oxidizing agent. It reacts with water to make hydrofluoric acid.
Preparation
Iodine pentafluoride is made by burning iodine in fluorine gas.
Uses
It is used in organic chemistry (amine to nitrile conversion after hydrolysis).
Shayne Ward
Shayne Ward (16 October 1984) is an English singer. He was born in Clayton, Greater Manchester. He won the 2005 UK series of television programme The X Factor. He has released three studio albums.
Mohammad Reyshahri
Mohammad Reyshahri, also known as Mohammad Mohammadi-Nik, (29 October 1946 – 22 March 2022), was an Iranian politician and cleric. He was the first Minister of Intelligence from 1984 to 1989 in the cabinet of Prime Minister Mir-Hossein Mousavi. Reyshahri was Prosecutor-General of Iran from 1991 until 1993. He was also a Member of the Assembly of Experts from 2016 until his death. Reyshahri was born in Rey, Iran.
Reyshahri died on 22 March 2022 in Tehran, Iran at the age of 75.
English, Indiana
English is a town in the state of Indiana, in the United States.
Cameo Kirby (1923 movie)
Cameo Kirby is a 1923 American drama movie directed by John Ford and is the second version of the 1909 play of the same name by Booth Tarkington and Harry Leon Wilson. It stars John Gilbert, Gertrude Olmstead, Alan Hale Sr., Eric Mayne, Jean Arthur and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Six (musical)
Six is a British musical with book, music and lyrics by Toby Marlow and Lucy Moss. The musical is about King Henry VIII's six wives. It features the six women singing about their lives with him, and competing to see who had it the worst. In the end, they decide that they should embrace all of their own stories and accomplishments.
2016 southern Taiwan earthquake
The 2016 southern Taiwan earthquake happened in Taiwan on 6 February 2016. 116 people were killed. The source of the earthquake was in Kaohsiung.
Fredo Santana
Derrick Coleman (July 4, 1990 – January 19, 2018), better known by his stage name Fredo Santana, was an American rapper. He was the older cousin of Chicago rapper Chief Keef. His first studio album Trappin Ain't Dead was released on October 31, 2013, on Savage Squad. He was born in Chicago, Illinois.
On July 9, 2014, he revealed the track list for his next album Walking Legend.
Santana died of kidney failure complicated from a seizure on January 19, 2018 in Los Angeles at the age of 27.
Jennifer Stone
Jennifer Lindsay Stone (born February 12, 1993 ) is an American actress. She played Harper Finkle on the television series Wizards of Waverly Place and Harriet Welsh in the movie Harriet the Spy: Blog Wars.
Rockville, Missouri
Rockville is a city in Missouri, United States.
Amsterdam, Missouri
Amsterdam is a city in Missouri, United States.
Hatepe eruption
The Hatepe eruption was a volcanic eruption in 180 CE. It ranks a 7 on the Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) and was one of the most violent eruptions in the last 5,000 years, comparable to the 946 AD eruption of Baekdu Mountain and the 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora. This eruption happened at the Taupo Volcano in New Zealand.
Esmond, North Dakota
Esmond is a city in Benson County, North Dakota, United States.
Greasers
Greaser or Greasers can refer to:
Moira Yip
Moira Yip is a British linguist. She earned her PhD in Linguistics in 1980 from MIT. She retired in 2009 from University College London (UCL). She had been Professor of Linguistics there. At UCL she also was co-director of the Centre for Human Communication. She was also Pro-Provost for China. Before joining UCL, she was Professor of Linguistics and Acting Dean at the University of California-Irvine (1992-1999) and Associate Professor at Brandeis University (1982-1992).
Moira Yip worked on theory of phonology (ideas about how sound is important in language). She was especially interested in phonology of Chinese. Her dissertation on the Tonal phonology of Chinese was published in the Outstanding Dissertations in Linguistics series (Routledge). In 2002 she published the first modern textbook on tone in the Cambridge University Press linguistics textbook series.
She is married to business academic, George Yip.
List of governors of Kerala
The Governor of Kerala is the constitutional head of state of the southern Indian state of Kerala. The governor is appointed by the President of India for a term of five years. The governor is de jure head of the Government of Kerala.
Albion, Indiana
Albion is a town in the state of Indiana, in the United States.
Wilhelm Ostwald
Wilhelm Ostwald (23 September 1853 - 4 April 1932) was a Latvian-German chemist born in Riga, Latvia, winner of the 1909 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
His parents are Elizabeth Leuckel and Gottfried Wilhelm Ostwald. His son is Wolfgang Ostwald. Wilhelm Ostwald was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1909 and it is Latvia's only Nobel prize. Although he was a German chemist, he was born in Latvia so the Nobel prize went to Latvia.
Iodine pentoxide
Iodine pentoxide, also known as iodine(V) oxide and diiodine pentoxide is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is I2O5. It has iodine and oxide ions. The iodine is in its +5 oxidation state.
Properties
Iodine pentoxide is a white solid. It breaks down to iodine and oxygen when heated. It reacts with carbon monoxide to make carbon dioxide and iodine. It is a strong oxidizing agent. It reacts with water to make iodic acid.
Preparation
Iodine pentoxide is made by heating iodic acid to 200 C in dry air.
Uses
It is used to see how much carbon monoxide is in a sample of gas.
Szczecin-Dąbie Airstrip
Szczecin-Dąbie Airstrip is a small airstrip on right side of the river in Szczecin (Poland) in Dąbie. It was built on grass in 1921. During the Third Reich, there were a lot of domestic flights from this airport. After World War II to 23 May 1967, when the airport was moved to Goleniów, it was the main airport of Szczecin, where LOT Polish Airlines has their flights. Now it is a sport airstrip for small airplanes.
Dry cleaning
Dry cleaning (or dry-cleaning) is any cleaning process for clothing and textiles using a solvent (a liquid or gas that can dissolve some materials) without water. The solvent used is usually tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene) which is very strong and can dissolve oils. The solvent is called "perc" in the industry and "dry-cleaning fluid" by the public. It is often used instead of hand washing delicate fabrics that cannot be washed by water because water would damage them. People use dry cleaning because it takes less work than hand washing.
History
The ancient Romans used a chemical called ammonia (derived from urine) and fuller's earth (a clay that can absorb grease and oil.) to clean their woolen clothes. Such laundries were very famous, with at least one in every town of any notability, and frequently the largest employer in a district. These laundries got their urine from farm animals, or from special pots situated at public bathrooms. The workforce made so much money that fuller's guilds (a group that works in solely one job, in this case, making fuller's earth, this special clay) were an important political force. Also, the government taxed the collection of urine and sent people to jail for wetting their pants.
Modern dry cleaning uses solvents that do not use water to remove dirt and stains from clothing. Jean Baptiste Jolly discovered that petroleum-based solvents (chemicals like gasoline or kerosene) can be used for dry-cleaning in the mid-19th century. Jolly was a French dye-works owner. He noticed that his tablecloth became cleaner after his maid spilled kerosene on it. Because of this, he developed a service cleaning people's clothes this way, which became known as "nettoyage à sec" or "dry cleaning".
Early dry cleaners used petroleum-based solvents, such as gasoline (petrol) and kerosene. Fire concerns led William Joseph Stoddard, a dry cleaner from Atlanta, to develop Stoddard solvent as a slightly less flammable alternative to gasoline-based solvents. The government started to control dry cleaners because the highly flammable petroleum solvents caused many fires and explosions.
After World War I, dry cleaners began using chlorinated solvents. These solvents were much less flammable than petroleum solvents and were more powerful. By the mid-1930s, the dry cleaning industry had adopted tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene), widely called "perc", as the best solvent. It has excellent cleaning power and is stable, nonflammable, and gentle to most clothing. Some dry cleaners use different chemicals.
Traditionally, the actual cleaning process was carried out at centralized "factories"; high street cleaners shops received garments from customers, sent them to the factory, and then had them returned to the shop after being cleaned, where the customer could collect them. This was due mainly to the risk of fire or dangerous fumes created by the cleaning process. At this time, dry-cleaning was carried out in two different machines — one for the cleaning process itself and the second to dry the clothing.
Machines of this era were called vented; their fumes and drying exhausts were sent into the air, in the same way as with modern tumble dryer exhausts. This added to environmental contamination. Also much potentially reusable perc was lost to the atmosphere. Much stricter controls on solvent emissions have ensured that all dry cleaning machines in the western world are now fully enclosed. No solvent fumes are vented to the atmosphere. In enclosed machines, solvent recovered during the drying process is returned condensed and distilled. So, it can be reused to clean more clothes, or safely thrown away. The majority of modern enclosed machines also incorporate a computer-controlled drying sensor, which automatically feels when most traces of perc have been removed from the load during the drying process. This system ensures that only the smallest amount of perc fumes will be released when opening the door at the end of the cycle.
Process
A dry-cleaning machine is similar to a combination of a domestic washing machine, and clothes dryer. Garments are placed into a washing chamber (referred to as the basket, or drum). The chamber is the core of the machine. The washing chamber contains a horizontal, perforated drum that rotates within an outer shell. The shell holds the solvent while the rotating drum holds the clothing. The basket can hold between about 10 and 40 kg (20 to 80 lb).
During the wash cycle, the chamber is filled approximately one-third full of solvent and begins to rotate, washing the clothing. The solvent temperature is maintained at 30 degrees Celsius (86 degrees Fahrenheit), as a higher temperature may damage it. During the wash cycle, the solvent in the chamber is filtered and then fed back into the chamber. This is known as the cycle and is continued for the wash duration. The solvent is then removed and sent to a distillation (boiled and returned to liquid) unit that has both a boiler and condenser. The condensed solvent is fed into a separator unit where any remaining water is separated from the solvent and then fed into the 'clean solvent' tank.
Operators also check clothing for foreign objects before placing them into the machine. Items such as plastic pens will dissolve in the solvent bath and may damage textiles beyond recovery. Some textile dyes are "loose" (red being the main problem), and will release dye during solvent immersion. Operators will dry clean red clothing separately from lighter-color textiles to avoid color transfer to other clothes. The solvent used must be distilled to remove impurities that may transfer to clothing. Operators checked clothing for dry-cleaning compatibility, including fasteners. Many fasteners that decorate clothing either are not dry cleaning solvent proof or will not withstand the mechanical action of cleaning. Operators will remove them and restitch them after the cleaning. Or, operators will wrap them in a small padded protector. Fragile items, such as feather bedspreads or tasseled rugs or hangings, may be enclosed in a loose mesh bag. The density of perchloroethylene is around 1.7 g/cm³ at room temperature (70% heavier than water), and the sheer weight of absorbed solvent may cause the textile to fail under normal force during the extraction cycle unless the mesh bag provides mechanical support.
Many people believe that all marks or stains can be removed by dry cleaning. Not every stain can be cleaned just by dry cleaning. Some need to be treated with spotting solvents; sometimes by steam jet or by soaking in special stain remover liquids before garments are washed or dry cleaned. Also, garments stored in soiled condition for a long time are difficult to bring back to their original color and texture. Natural fibers such as wool, cotton, and silk of lighter colors should not be left in dirty or soiled condition for long amounts of time as they absorb dirt in their texture and are unlikely to be restored to their original color and finish.
The main reason that washing in water has a different result than dry cleaning is that water is a polar solvent while dry cleaning uses a non-polar solvent.
A typical wash cycle lasts for 8–15 minutes depending on the type of garments and degree of soiling. During the first three minutes, solvent-soluble soils dissolve into the perchloroethylene and loose, insoluble soil comes off. It takes approximately ten to twelve minutes after the loose soil has come off to remove the ground-in insoluble soil from garments. Machines using hydrocarbon solvents require a wash cycle of at least 25 minutes because of the much slower rate of solvation of solvent-soluble soils. A dry-cleaning surfactant "soap" may also be added.
At the end of the wash cycle, the machine starts a rinse cycle wherein the garment load is rinsed with fresh distilled solvent from the pure solvent tank. This pure solvent rinse prevents discoloration caused by soil particles being absorbed back onto the garment surface from the "dirty" working solvent.
After the rinse cycle, the machine begins the extraction process, which recovers dry-cleaning solvent for reuse. Modern machines recover approximately 99.99% of the solvent that was used. The extraction cycle begins by draining the solvent from the washing chamber and accelerating the basket to 350 to 450 rpm, causing much of the solvent to spin free of the fabric. Until this time the cleaning is done in normal temperature, the solvent is never heated in dry cleaning process. When no more solvent can be spun out, the machine starts the drying cycle.
During the drying cycle, the garments are tumbled in a stream of warm air (60-63°C/140-145°F) that circulates through the basket, evaporating any traces of solvent left after the spin cycle. The air temperature is controlled to prevent heat damage to the garments. The exhausted warm air from the machine then passes through a chiller unit where solvent vapors are condensed and returned to the distilled solvent tank. Modern dry cleaning machines use a closed-loop system in which the chilled air is reheated and recirculated. This results in high solvent recovery rates and reduced air pollution. In the early days of dry cleaning, large amounts of perchlorethylene were vented to the atmosphere because it was regarded as cheap and believed to be harmless.
After the drying cycle is complete, a deodorizing (aeration) cycle cools the garments and removes even more of the solvent, by circulating cool outside air over the garments and then through a vapor recovery filter made from activated carbon and polymer resins. After the aeration cycle, the garments are clean and ready for pressing/finishing.
In fact, dry cleaning does not remove all of the solvent. There are no government standards for how much solvent is allowed to remain in the fabric. Detectable amounts of the solvent remain in clothes, with wool clothes retaining the most solvent.
Solvent processing
Working solvent from the washing chamber passes through several filtration steps before it is returned to the washing chamber. The first step is a button trap, which prevents small objects such as lint, fasteners, buttons, and coins from entering the solvent pump.
Over time, a thin layer of filter cake (called muck) accumulates on the lint filter. The muck is removed regularly (commonly once per day) and then processed to recover solvent trapped in the muck. Many machines use "spin disc filters," which remove the muck from the filter by centrifugal force while it is back washed with solvent.
After the lint filter, the solvent passes through an absorptive cartridge filter. This filter is made from activated clays and charcoal and removes fine insoluble soil and non-volatile residues, along with dyes from the solvent. Finally, the solvent passes through a polishing filter, which removes any soil not previously removed. The clean solvent is then returned to the working solvent tank.
To enhance cleaning power, small amounts of detergent (0.5%-1.5%) are added to the working solvent and are essential to its functionality. These detergents help dissolve hydrophilic soils and keep soil from redepositing on garments. Depending on the machine's design, either an anionic or a cationic detergent is used.
Since the solvent recovery is less than 100%, and because dry-cleaning does not remove water-based stains well, entrepreneurs have developed the wet cleaning process, which is, in essence, cold-water washing and air drying, using a computer-controlled washer and dryer. In general, wet cleaning is still being improved and developed, although low-tech versions of it have been used for centuries.
Symbols
People who make clothes have special symbols to say how they should be cleaned. The international GINETEX laundry symbol for dry cleaning is a circle. It may have a letter P inside to indicate perchloroethylene solvent, or a letter F inside to indicate a hydrocarbon solvent. A bar underneath the circle means that only mild cleaning processes should be used. A crossed-out empty circle means the clothes should not be dry cleaned.
Luigi Fabbri
Luigi Fabbri (23 December 1877 – 24 June 1935) was an Italian anarchist, writer, agitator and propagandist who was charged with defeatism during the World War I. He was the father of Luce Fabbri.
Bledlow-cum-Saunderton
Bledlow-cum-Saunderton is a civil parish in the Wycombe district of Buckinghamshire, England. The villages of Bledlow, Bledlow Ridge and Saunderton and the hamlets of Crownfield, Forty Green, Holly Green, Pitch Green, Rout's Green, Saunderton Lee and Skittle Green are there. The 2011 census reported it had a population of 2,469.
Allison Shearmur
Allison "Alli" Ivy Shearmur (née Brecker; October 23, 1963 – January 19, 2018) was an American movie executive and producer. She worked for Walt Disney Studios, Universal Pictures, Paramount Pictures and Lionsgate.
Her producing works include American Pie and Jason Bourne franchises, The Hunger Games movies, as well as the Star Wars Anthology movies Rogue One and the upcoming Solo.
Shearmur died of complications from lung cancer in Los Angeles, California on January 19, 2018 at the age of 54.
51 Pegasi b
51 Pegasi b, also called Bellerephon or 51 Peg b, is the first extrasolar planet discovered orbiting a main-sequence star, 51 Pegasi. Michel Mayor and Didier Queloz announced the discovery on 6 October 1995. It is 50 light years away in the direction of the constellation Pegasus.
Skittle Green
Skittle Green is a hamlet in the civil parish of Bledlow-cum-Saunderton in the county of Buckinghamshire, England.
Skittle Green is northwest to the village of Bledlow, very near the Oxfordshire boundary.
Alpine butterfly knot
The alpine butterfly loop is a knot used to form a loop in the middle of a rope. Once tied, the loop will not shift up and down the rope. It is good for adding a stationary loop in a continuous piece of rope, without bending the rope.
List of knots
This page is a list of knots.
Sandra Scherrenburg
Sandra Scherrenburg is a Dutch water polo player. She competed for the Dutch women's national water polo team in the 1994 World Aquatics Championships and 1998 World Aquatics Championships.
Yangtze giant soft-shell turtle
Description
This turtle is very big with a pointy noise that it can use to breathe while keeping most of its body hidden underwater. Scientists do not know much about the way it acts in the wild because there are so few left. It is the largest turtle that lives in fresh water instead of sea water. It has a long, flat body. It can weigh 150 to 220 kilograms (330 to 485 pounds).
Kento Hashimoto
Kento Hashimoto (橋本 拳人) is a Japanese football player. He plays for the Japan national team.
Yangtze giant soft-shell turtle
Description
The female can lay 30 or 40 eggs at a time, more than once each year.
Bert Newton
Albert Watson Newton AM MBE (23 July 1938 – 30 October 2021) was an Australian media personality. He was a member of the Logie Hall of Fame as a four-time Gold Logie award-winning entertainer and radio, theatre and television presenter. He hosted shows such as In Melbourne Tonight, New Faces, Good Morning Australia, 20 to 1 and Bert's Family Feud.
Kento Hashimoto
Biography
Hashimoto was born in Itabashi, Tokyo on August 16, 1993. He joined J1 League club FC Tokyo in 2012. However he could not play at all in the match. In May 2013, he moved to J2 League club Roasso Kumamoto on loan. He played many matches in 2 seasons. In 2015, he returned to Tokyo. In 2019, Tokyo won the 2nd place in the J1 League. He also was selected Best Eleven. In July 2020, he moved to Russian Premier League club Rostov.
Bert Newton
Newton was born in Fitzroy, Victoria. He was married to Patti Newton (née McGrath). The couple had two children, actor Matthew and TV personality Lauren.
Newton died on 30 October 2021, aged 83.
Kento Hashimoto
Biography
On March 26, 2019, Hashimoto debuted for the Japan national team against Bolivia.
Yangtze giant soft-shell turtle
Natural range
The Yangtze giant soft-shell turtle used to live in the Red River in China and in many parts of Vietnam in the flood plain from the Yangtze River. It became endangered because humans built roads, buildings and dams where the turtle likes to live and because of pollution. It also became endangered because people would catch the turtle to eat it and its eggs and to sell turtles as pets. Illegal hunters also catch the turtle to sell its body parts as ingredients for traditional Chinese medicine.
Kento Hashimoto
Statistics
197||15||9||2||19||1||8||0||233||18 197||15||9||2||19||1||8||0||233||18
Yangtze giant soft-shell turtle
Mythology and legends
In Vietnamese culture, the Yangtze giant soft-shell turtle stands for Kim Qui, the Great Turtle God. In the story, the Dragon King gave a special sword called Heaven's Will to a Vietnamese hero. The hero was Emperor Lê Lợi. Emperor Lê Lợi used Heaven's Will to free Vietnam from the Chinese. Then Emperor Lê Lợi had to give Heaven's Will back to the Dragon King. He gave it to Kim Qui to give to him.
Conservation efforts
In 2007, scientists found a female Yangtze giant soft-shell turtle in a zoo in Changsha. The turtle had been there for more than fifty years, before Yangtze giant soft-shell turtles became rare. The people in the zoo knew she was a large, female turtle but not that she had become one of the rarest on Earth. The deputy director of the zoo was attending a conference about tigers and went to the speech about turtles for fun. He saw they were talking about the same kind of turtle as the one in his zoo.
Kento Hashimoto
Statistics
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Yangtze giant soft-shell turtle
Conservation efforts
The people in Changsha knew they had a large turtle in their zoo, but they didn't know it was a Yangtze giant soft-shell turtle. A circus performer had sold her to the zoo in the 1950s. They gave her raw meat to eat. The raw meat kept her body healthy, but it was not good for eggs. She laid eggs every year, but they never hatched. This was because no male turtle had fertilized them. It was also because she needed to eat foods with more calcium. Raw meat did not have enough.
When people heard the Changsha turtle was a female Yangtze giant soft-shell turtle, they did not bring her to Suzhou right away. Both cities wanted the other turtle brought to them. They did not want to send their turtle to another city. Turtles are important symbols of living a long time in China, so the people of Changsha did not want to give her away. After a long time, the two zoos agreed. The female would come to Changsha and that they would share the baby turtles. In 2008, people moved the female turtle from the Changsha Zoo to Suzhou Shangfangshan Forest Zoo.
The first year, the female turtle laid many eggs, and about half of them were fertilized. None hatched. Some of the eggs had very thin shells. The zookeepers saw there was not enough calcium in the food the turtle was eating. They fed her different foods with more calcium. Then they saw that visitors to the zoo were throwing food and garbage into the turtle's lake. They did this even though there were big signs saying not to.
The other problem was that the male turtle's penis was not good. Years earlier, he had fought with another turtle. His penis was damaged, so he could not have sex very well. Starting in 2015, the zookeepers collected the male turtle's male reproductive liquid and placed it inside the female using medical tools. Again, the female turtle laid eggs, but none hatched. The scientists tried something different every year. In 2019, the female turtle died because she did not wake up from the medicine the zookeepers gave her to make her sleep during the medical process. The zookeepers cut out and froze tissue from her female reproductive organs.
Lev Chernyi
Lev Chernyi (18??-1921) was a Russian anarchist poet who was imprisoned in Siberia under the Russian Czarist regime for his revolutionary activities.
Articles
In 1907, he published a book entitled Associational Anarchism, in which he speak about the "free association of independent individuals.". Chernyi was greatly influenced by individualist-anarchist Max Stirner.
On his return from Siberia in 1917 he enjoyed great popularity among Moscow workers. He was also Secretary of the Moscow Federation of Anarchist Groups, which was formed in March, 1917.
Brandon Barnes
Brandon Barnes (born October 10, 1972) is an American musician. He is best known as the drummer and co-composer for the hardcore punk band Rise Against. He lives with his wife, son and daughter in Colorado.
Lev Chernyi
Articles
In the spring of 1918, in reaction to the growing repression of all opposition and free expression, the anarchist groups within the Moscow Federation formed armed gangs, the Black Guards, and Lev Chernyi played an active part in these.
Brandon Barnes
Biography
Brandon studied music in college and played drums in the University of Colorado music program. He knew then he wanted to make music his career. By listening to his favorite drummers such as Elvin Jones, Tony Williams, Terry Bozzio, Peter Erskin, and Dave Lombardo, Brandon got the style of playing he has used in many bands over the last 10 years. Brandon joined Rise Against in 2000 after the breakup of "Pinhead Circus" and was on the 2001 release and tour of The Unraveling. Since then, Brandon Barnes is continuing to play in Rise Against and has made drum tracks for all six of their albums.
Lev Chernyi
Articles
On the night of April 11, 1918 the Cheka, the secret police, attacked the building of the Moscow Federation, and the Black Guards offered armed resistance. About forty anarchists were killed or striked and about five hundred were imprisoned.
In 1919 Chernyi joined a group called the Underground Anarchists, who published two numbers of a broadsheet which denounced the Communist dictatorship as the biggest tyranny in human history. On September 25, 1919, a little group of social revolutionaries and anarchists bombed the headquarters of the "Moscow Committee" of the Communist Party in protest at the growing repression. Twelve Communists were killed and forty-five others were mutilated.
Death
August, 1921, the Moscow Izvestia published an official report announcing that ten "anarchist bandits" had been shot without hearing or trial. Among the dead was Lev Chernyi although Paul Avrich indicates in two of his books on the Russian anarchists that Chernyi was executed in September of that year, not August. Although he was not involved in the bombing of the Moscow Communist headquarters, he was, because of his association with the Underground Anarchists, a likely candidate for a frame-up. The Communists refused to turn over his body to his family for burial, and there were persistent rumors that he had in fact died of torture.
Petra Meerdink
Petra Meerdink is a Dutch water polo player. She competed for the Dutch women's national water polo team in the 1998 World Aquatics Championships.
Copiapó Province
Copiapó Province (Provincia de Copiapó) is one of three provinces of the northern Chilean region of Atacama (III). Its capital is the city of Copiapó.
Geography
The Copiapó province has an area of 32538.5 km2, the largest province in the Atacama region.
Copiapó is bordered on the north by the Chañaral province, on the northeast by Argentina, on the east by the Tierra Amarilla commune, on the south by the Huasco province and on the west by the Pacific Ocean and the Caldera commune.
The main river of the province is the Copiapó river that is 162 km long. In the valley of the Copiapó river, fruits, including grapes, are grown.
Population
(last national census), there were 155,713 people living in the province, giving it a population density of inhabitants/km².
Administration
As a province, Copiapó is a second-level administrative division, consisting of three communes (comunas). The city of Copiapó serves as the provincial capital. The province is administered by a governor.
Kurukshetra War
The Kurukshetra War was described in the Indian epic poem Mahābhārata.
Bueninvento
Bueninvento ("Goodinvention") is the second studio album by Mexican singer-songwriter Julieta Venegas in 2000. The album was nominated for Latin Grammy Award for Best Rock Solo Vocal Album. It was named the 4th best album of the 2000s decade by Latin music website Club Fonograma.
Track listing
^ Associate producer
Stephen Lewis (actor)
Stephen Lewis (17 December 1926 – 12 August 2015) was an English actor, comedian, director, screenwriter, and playwright. He was best known for his roles as Inspector Cyril "Blakey" Blake in the LWT sitcom On the Buses, Clem "Smiler" Hemmingway in Last of the Summer Wine, and Harry Lambert in BBC Television's Oh, Doctor Beeching!.
Sirrako Ioanninon
Sirrako Ioanninon is a mountainous Greek village. It is in the district of Ioannina in the north-east of Greece. Sirrako is built at an altitude of 1,150 metres up the Lakmos mountain which makes it one of the highest Greek villages. It is a traditional village with old stone houses whose main characteristic is that they have slate roofs. The Greek famous poet Kostas Krystallis came from Sirraco.
Cerebrospinal fluid
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) bathes and protects the central nervous system (the brain and the spinal cord). "Cerebro" means "brain"; "spinal" is a short version of "spinal cord"; and fluid is a liquid.
CSF is made by networks of blood vessels called choriod plexuses in each of the brain's four ventricles.
CSF flows through the subarachnoid space – the space between the two layers of meninges that are closest to the brain (the arachnoid layer and the pia mater). CSF also fills the brain's ventricles, and flows down the middle of the spinal cord (the central canal).
Contents
There should be very few white blood cells in the CSF, or none at all. There should be no red blood cells in the CSF.
CSF helps the brain float
Being surrounded by CSF helps the brain float inside the skull, like a buoy in water. Because the brain is surrounded by fluid, it floats like it weighs only 2% of what it really does. If the brain did not have CSF to float in, it would sit on the bottom of the skull. The brain's weight would push the bottom of the brain against the skull. Blood would not be able to get to the bottom of the brain because the blood vessels would be getting crushed by the weight of the brain on top of them. Without getting blood (and the oxygen it carries), the neurons in the bottom of the brain would die. a painful death
CSF is the brain's cushion
CSF protects the brain by acting like a cushion. Without CSF, every time a person moved their head, their brain would hit the inside of their skull. This could injure the brain.
When a person hits their head, CSF acts like the airbag in a car and can sometimes keep the brain from slamming into the inside of the skull. However, when a person hits their head very hard – in a car accident, for example – the CSF cannot protect the brain from hitting the skull. This can cause concussions, bleeding in the brain, brain damage, or even death.
CSF rinses toxins out of the brain
The brain's cells do chemical reactions to change one chemical to another chemical that the brain needs. Sometimes, after a chemical reaction, chemicals that the brain does not need are left over. These chemicals are called "waste products." For example, when the brain's cells use oxygen and glucose (sugar) to create energy, carbon dioxide (CO2) is left over. Too much carbon dioxide can poison the brain.
To keep waste products from building up in the CSF, the choroid plexuses make new CSF about four times a day. The old CSF drains out into the bloodstream, bringing waste products and toxins with it. In this way, the CSF rinses things that could hurt the brain out into the bloodstream. The bloodstream can then carry these chemicals to organs that can get rid of them, like the kidneys and the lungs. For example, the bloodstream carries carbon dioxide to the lungs, where it can be breathed out.
Testing CSF
Doctors can use samples of CSF to find out if a person has a brain infection, like meningitis, encephalitis, or syphilis. CSF samples can also show bleeding from certain parts of the brain. Swelling in the brain, caused by some inflammatory diseases like multiple sclerosis, can show in a CSF sample as well.
Murderville
Murderville is an American comedic murder-mystery streaming television series for Netflix. The series is based on the BBC Three television series Murder in Successville and it is all improved, meaning there is no script. Murderville premiered on February 3, 2022 with the release of all six episodes of the first season.
Cerebrospinal fluid
Testing CSF
Usually, doctors take samples of CSF by doing a lumbar puncture (spinal tap).
Results
Normal CSF should be clear and colorless, with no red blood cells, and very few white blood cells.
Signs of a brain infection include:
Protein levels that are higher than normal can be a sign of inflammation in the brain. However, they can also be a sign of other problems, like a bleed in the brain; a brain tumor; epilepsy; and "acute alcoholism."
Cancer cells in the CSF are a sign that a person has brain cancer, or has cancer that started somewhere else and spread to the brain.
Too much
Head injuries and some diseases can make too much CSF build up in the brain. This is called hydrocephalus. The extra fluid puts pressure on (squeezes) the brain. This is called increased intracranial pressure. If the pressure gets high enough, the brain's blood vessels get crushed, and blood cannot get to the brain. If a person's brain does not get enough blood and oxygen, they will become unconscious and their brain cells will die. Eventually, the person will die.
Kirk Kerkorian
Kerkor "Kirk" Kerkorian (June 6, 1917 – June 15, 2015) was an Armenian-American billionaire, and president/CEO of Tracinda Corporation, his private holding company based in Beverly Hills, California.
Cerebrospinal fluid
Too much
Without treatment, 6 out of every 10 people with hydrocephalus will die. The rest will have physical disabilities, intellectual disabilities, and/or other brain problems.
Kirk Kerkorian
Kerkorian is known as one of the important figures in shaping the city of Las Vegas, Nevada.
Cerebrospinal fluid
Not enough
Most people with CSF leaks get better on their own, after the hole in the dura mater heals. However, some CSF leaks can cause serious complications:
Kirk Kerkorian
Kerkorian died in Beverly Hills, California on June 15, 2015, nine days after his 98th birthday.
Bob Fillion
Fillion died on August 13, 2015. At the time of his death, Fillion was the last surviving member of the Canadiens' 1944 Stanley Cup team.
Knox, North Dakota
Knox is a city in Benson County, North Dakota, United States.
Newgrounds
Newgrounds is an American website hosted in Glenside, Pennsylvania, United States. Created in 1995, the site has Adobe Flash animations and games, but also features a music and art portal. The site was started and is owned by Tom Fulp. Newgrounds is different from most other Flash websites by its automated submission and rating system. It was the first website in history to produce a fully automated user-made content system.
2002 French presidential election
The 2002 French presidential election was a presidential election in France that took place on 21 April and 5 May 2002. The incumbent president, Jacques Chirac, decided to run for a second term.
On 21 April 2002, Jacques Chirac from the Rally for the Republic won 19.9% of the vote and Jean-Marie Le Pen from the National Front won 16.9% of the vote. Both candidates advanced to the second round of the election, which Jacques Chirac later easily won with 82.2% of the vote.
With Teeth
With Teeth (written on the album as [WITH_TEETH]) is the fourth studio album by Nine Inch Nails. Nine Inch Nails is an American industrial rock band. Nothing Records and Interscope Records released the album on May 3, 2005. It was produced by Trent Reznor and Alan Moulder. Other music makers also helped with the album, such as Dave Grohl and Atticus Ross. Ross later joined Nine Inch Nails. The album has three singles: "The Hand That Feeds", "Only", and "Every Day Is Exactly the Same". The album was number one on the Billboard 200. The RIAA gave it a gold certification.
Track listing
All songs made by Trent Reznor.
M. R. Radha
Madras Rajagopala Radhakrishnan Naidu (14 April 1907 – 17 September 1979), popularly known by his stage name, M. R. Radha, was an Indian movie actor and politician. He was given the title of "Nadigavel" (Spearhead of acting / frontrunner /torchbearer) by E.V.R. Periyar in a stage, for his acting prowess. After a successful career on stage in his early years, he acted in movies from the 1930s to the 1970s, and then, giving up movies, he went back to his first love, the stage.
Career
Radha was a popular theatre artist who performed in more than 5000 stage shows. Starting at the age of 10, he appeared at first in small roles and eventually grew to a level that stories for dramas were custom made for him.Radha gained popularity with the success of his stage play Ratha Kanneer. His performance in the 1954 movie version of the play, directed by Krishnan-Panju, brought wider recognition of his talents and made him a household name in Tamil Nadu.
Radha played both villain roles and comedic roles. After the 1950s, filmmakers created roles specially for him, and he often overshadowed even main actors like MGR and Sivaji Ganesan. He was an active member of the Self-Respect Movement, and was known for his atheistic views. Towards the end of his career, however, he started acting in Hindu devotional movies like Velum Mayilum Thunai but he often used to ridicule theism in these movies.
MGR Shooting incident
On 12 January 1967, Radha and a producer K.N. Vasu of Muthukumaran Pictures visited the actor and politician M. G. Ramachandran at his home to talk about a future project. During the conversation, Radha suddenly got up from his chair and shot twice at Ramachandran's left ear. Both bullets got lodged in Ramachandran's neck. Radha then turned the gun on himself and tried to shoot himself, but the bullet just scratched his right temple. Radha and Ramachandran were admitted to the Government General Hospital, Chennai, where they survived after proper treatment. The only eye witness for the shooting event was producer Vasu. As majority of the evidences were against Radha, he was sentenced to a seven-year term. At the High Court hearing, considering his age, the sentence was reduced to three and a half years.
Death
After being released from jail, Radha died of jaundice on 17 September 1979 aged 72 at his residence in Thiruchirappalli. His popularity had improved and his funeral procession was one of the largest in South India, as over 200,000 mourners paid respect.
Personal life
M. R. Radhakrishnan married four times, and his marriages were concurrent. The names of his wives were Smt. Saraswathi Ammal, Smt. Dhanalakshmi Ammal, Smt. Jayammal and Smt. Geetha. He was survived by three of his wives, namely Smt. Saraswathi Ammal, Smt. Dhanalakshmi Ammal and Smt. Jayamamal.