cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Behavioural responses to stress in animals
Behavioural responses
Sexual interests change in many species when exposed to stressors. For instance, stressed male and female rats express inhibited mating behaviour which is evident through the clear increase in the inhibitory hormone RF-amide. Another study suggests that masculine sexual behaviour in male rats is subject to changes in accordance to the type of stressors that the rats were subjected to. Female Zebra Finches mating choice is determined by the stressors that they are exposed to early in life, which remains consistent throughout adulthood. A study about stress effects on female songbird’s response to sexual signal for mating, indicated that the response to this specific signal can be impaired if the female is exposed to developmental stress. Behavioural changes as a result from developmental stress impairs neural responses to sexual signal, which reduces mating:
Langres
Population
The inhabitants of Langres are known, in French, as Langonais (women: Langonaises) or Langrois (women: Langroises).
Behavioural responses to stress in animals
Behavioural responses
Stressed animals would choose to avoid a novel situation rather than confront it. Aggressive behaviour is associated with sex hormones, such as testosterone, and specific brain regions and systems such as the medial preoptic nucleus, prefrontal cortex-dependent response inhibition, and anterior hypothalamus. Stress negatively impacts sex hormones, which results in an imbalance and reduction in aggression related hormones and function. Also, chronic stress results in prefrontal cortex-dependent response inhibition. This results in reduction in aggression, thus promoting anti-predator responses.
Prolonged stress alters parental behaviour toward offspring and promotes parental neglect. According to a study performed by Tilgar and associates, predation stress alters parents’ behaviours such as the reduction in provisioning rates, which negatively impacts the offspring’s performance. Oxytocin and vasopressin hormones are generally responsible for affiliative and pair-bonding behaviours in many species. Stress alters the level of both hormones resulting in an abnormal behaviour from parents towards offspring. For instance, levels of oxytocin decrease as a result of prolonged stress, which has been shown to reduce pair bonding behaviour and increase withdrawal behaviour. Also, prolactin is another important hormone that is associated with nurture by parents to offspring, and levels of this hormone can be altered as a result of stress. Reduced levels of prolactin as a result of stress decreases behaviours such as suckling, licking, and brooding.
Langres
Population
The city of Langres has a population, in 2014, of 7,850 and its population density is of inhabitants/km2.
Behavioural responses to stress in animals
Transgenerational behavioural response to stress
Behavioural response to stress can be transmitted from parents to offspring. When an offspring observes the expression of behaviour such as fear in response to a stress stimulus, the same response would be elicited in the offspring when the stimulus is presented. Using Rodent model, Debeik and associates illustrated that fear is transferred from mother to infant in response to a certain odour stimulus. They further proved that the neural activity, such as the basal amygdala activity of the offspring’s brain, illustrated fear response. Therefore, parents’ behavioural response to stress can be transgenerational and can be proven via neural activity.
Langres
Population
Evolution of the population in Langres
Administration
Langres is a subprefecture of the Haute-Marne department, the capital of the arrondissement of Langres and the administrative centre (chef-lieu) of the canton Langres formed by 18 communes (including Langres), with 12,160 inhabitants (2014).
It is part of the intercommunality Le Grand Langres (Communauté de communes du Grand Langres).
Waist
The waist is the part of the abdomen between the rib cage and hips that humans have.
Langres
Twinned and partner towns
Langres is twinned with:
Milton, Massachusetts
Milton is a town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts. 41st President of the United States George H. W. Bush was born here in 1924. It has the population of 27,003 since 2010.
DFL-Supercup
The DFL-Supercup or German Super Cup is a one-off football match in Germany between the winners of the Bundesliga and the DFB-Pokal. The DFL-Supercup is run by the Deutsche Fußball Liga (DFL).
Matches
Below is a list of the Super Cup winners. Since 2010, if one team wins the domestic double, then league runners-up are invited as the second team.
Unofficial matches
There have been a few times where the German champions met the cup winners, without the match being officially recognized.
Gianroberto Casaleggio
Gianroberto Casaleggio (14 August 1954 – 12 April 2016) was an Italian entrepreneur and political activist. He was co-founder and chairman of Casaleggio Associati srl and editor of Beppe Grillo's blog. He was also co-founder, with Beppe Grillo, of the Five Star Movement, of which he was sometimes called "guru". Casaleggio promoted the Web in Italy as a medium for political communication.
Casaleggio died on 12 April 2016 at the age of 61, after a long-illness.
Årjäng
Årjäng is an urban area in the county of Värmland in Sweden. It is the seat of Årjäng Municipality.
Stefan Maierhofer
Stefan Maierhofer (born 16 August 1982) is a football player from Austria. He plays as striker.
Khiew Hoe Yean
Khiew Hoe Yean is a swimmer from Malaysia. Khiew competed at the 2021 Southeast Asian Games and the 2022 World Aquatics Championships.
Stefan Maierhofer
Career
Maierhofer played his first matches for Vienna and SV Langrohr. At the age of 23 he went to FC Bayern München. He played in the second team for 2 seasons. He also played 2 matches in the first squad. He scored 21 goals in 42 Regionalliga appearances. He was top goalscorer for the squad in both seasons.
In January 2007 Maierhofer played half a season for TuS Koblenz in the second league of Germany. The next season he signed a contract with SpVgg Greuther Fürth. The club sent him on a six-month loan to Austrian Bundesliga's Rapid Vienna in January 2008. Rapid then signed a contract with him.
In 2009 he went to the Premier League. He played for Wolverhampton Wanderers. In 2010 he went on loan to MSV Duisburg. With the team he reached the German Cup final. In August 2011 he returned to Austria and signed with F. C. Red Bull Salzburg.
He also played 15 times for the Austrian national football team. He scored two goals with them.
The Stooges
The Stooges are an American protopunk band. They were formed in 1967 in Ann Arbor, Michigan and began to record music two years later. Their first album was released in August 1969. It was produced by John Cale from The Velvet Underground. They released two more albums before the first members broke up in 1974.
Helen Worth
Cathryn Helen Wigglesworth (born 7 January 1951), better known as Helen Worth, is an English actress. She is known for playing Gail Platt in the long-running ITV soap opera Coronation Street, a role that she has played continuously since July 1974. For her 40 years on the show she received an Outstanding Achievement in the 2014 British Soap Awards.
Mex, Vaud
Mex is a municipality of the district Gros-de-Vaud in canton of Vaud in Switzerland.
Josh Hawley
He was the Attorney General of Missouri from 2017 to 2019. He is a member of the Republican Party.
He was born in Springdale, Arkansas. Hawley studied at Stanford University and at Yale University. He is a former law clerk to Chief Justice John Roberts of the Supreme Court.
In October 2017, Hawley announced his candidacy for U.S. Senate. He defeated Claire McCaskill in the general election in November 2018.
Cathar castles
Cathar castles (Châteaux cathares in French) is a term used by the French tourist industry. It is used for castles in the Languedoc-Roussillon, usually built by the enemies of the Cathars during the Albigensian Crusade.
The true Cathar castles
The Cathars built fortified homesteads, but not castles. The legend of Cathar architects and builders is no more than a myth. The cathar church did not build anything. For this reason, the only ones which can claim the description "Cathar" are the small castles, often totally unknown to the public. Their unspectacular ruins are often far-away from tourist routes.
The royal citadels
Because Raimond II was unable to recapture Carcassone in 1240, the city walls were strengthened by the French King. He also destroyed small castra in the Corbières region and built citadels to protect the border with the kingdom of Aragon.
These five castles are often called the cinq fils de Carcassonne (five sons of Carcassonne):
These five fortresses resisted various assaults led by the Aragonese army.
The abandonment of the citadels
In 1659, Louis XIV and the Philip IV of Spain signed the Treaty of the Pyrenees. The French king also married the Infanta Marie Therese. The treaty changed the borders. It gave Rousillon to France and moved the frontier south to the crest of the Pyrenees, where it is now. The fortresses therefore lost their importance. Some maintained a garrison for a while, a few until the French Revolution, but they slowly fell into decay, often becoming sherpherds' shelters or bandits hideouts.
Before Sunrise
Before Sunrise is a 1995 romantic drama movie. The movie stars Ethan Hawke and Julie Delpy. In the movie, a man named Jesse (Hawke) and a woman named Celine (Delpy) meet on a train and get off the train in Vienna. A romantic encounter begins from there. Before Sunrise was released January 27, 1995. It was very well liked by critics.
It was followed by sequels Before Sunset and Before Midnight.
Efrem Zimbalist
Efrem Zimbalist may refer to:
Conifer cone
A confier cone (or pine cone) is an organ on plants in the division Pinophyta (conifers) that contains the reproductive structures. It is the part of a tree that lets the tree reproduce. Its formal name in botany is strobilus, plural strobili.
The male cone (microstrobilus or pollen cone) is structurally similar across all conifers, differing only in small ways (mostly in scale arrangement) from species to species. Extending out from a central axis are microsporophylls (modified leaves). Under each microsporophyll is one or several microsporangia (pollen sacs).
Conifer cones and their seeds have been used for lots of different purposes. They are often used for decorations. Some seeds, for example, the seeds of pinyon pines, are used in prepared foods and baking.
Most mature cones are closed when wet and open when dry. In a few species, it takes fire to open the cones.
Arto Tchakmaktchian
In 1984 Tchakmaktchian won First Prize in the Wilfrid Pelletier Competition in Montreal for his bust of the competition's namesake. The work is on permanent display in the entrance hall of Place des Arts in Montreal. His works have also been exhibited at known museums internationally, notably in the Louvre. A notable exhibition was held at UNESCO Headquarters in Paris in 2010.
Deanna Lund
Deanna Lund (May 30, 1937 – June 22, 2018) was an American actress. She was born in Oak Park, Illinois. Lund was best known for her role in the Irwin Allen television series Land of the Giants, where she played the character of Valerie Ames Scott.
Lund died on June 22, 2018 at her home in Century City, California of pancreatic cancer, aged 81.
Te Atua o Tokelau
"Te Atua o Tokelau" ("The God of Tokelau") is the anthem of Tokelau. The lyrics author is unknown, the music was composed by Falani Kalolo. Anthem was adopted in 2008.
Lyrics
Typically, after the anthem is played, the phrase "Hoa, he hoa lava!" is spoken.
Luigi Ferdinando Tagliavini
Luigi Ferdinando Tagliavini (7 October 1929 – 11 July 2017), was an Italian organist, harpsichordist, musicologist and composer. He was born in Bologna. He has conducted studies in music classes organ, piano and composition with Riccardo Nielsen to Conservatory of Bologna and Paris Conservatory (in the class of Marcel Dupré).
Career
Tagliavini made numerous recordings received several awards including the "Prize of the Italian discography", the "Schallplattenpreis Phono-Akademie der Deutschen," the distinction "Choc de la musique" for the CD made with Liuwe Tamminga organs of San Petronio and dedicated to Andrea Gabrieli and Giovanni Gabrieli, the "Premio Antonio Vivaldi" and the "Premio Massimo Mila".
Death
Tagliavini died on 11 July 2017 in Bologna of respiratory arrest at the age of 87.
Yakubu Aiyegbeni
Yakubu Aiyegbeni (born 22 November 1982) is a Nigerian football player. He plays for Everton and Nigeria national team.
Club career statistics
72||30||||||||||||||72||30 197||80||22||11||11||7||21||6||251||104 269||110||22||11||11||7||21||6||323||134
International career statistics
!Total||42||15
Chung Il-kwon
Chung Il-kwon (정일권; hanja: 丁一權, November 21, 1917 – January 17, 1994) was a South Korean politician and military general. He was one of the South Korean army commanders during the Korean War.
He was Foreign Minister from 1963 to 1964, and again from 1966 to 1967, and the Ambassador to the United States from 1960 to 1961 and 1962 to 1963. From 1964 to 1970 he served as the 9th Prime Minister of South Korea. His nickname was Chungsa (청사, 淸史).
Montaubion-Chardonney
Montaubion-Chardonney is a former municipality in the district Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 July 2011 the former municipalities of Villars-Tiercelin, Montaubion-Chardonney, Sottens, Villars-Mendraz and Peney-le-Jorat merged to form the new municipality of Jorat-Menthue.
Paul Carey
Paul Carey (March 15, 1928 – April 12, 2016) was an American broadcaster and sportscaster. He broadcast professionally in six different decades. He is a member of the Michigan Sports Hall of Fame. He was known for broadcasting the Detroit Tigers games and for producing the Detroit Tigers Radio Network from 1964 to 1971.
Carey died on April 12, 2016 in Rochester, Michigan from complications of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), at the age of 88.
Alessandro Birindelli
Alessandro Birindelli (born 12 November 1974) is an Italian football player. He has played for Italy national team.
Club career statistics
350||3||42||2||61||3||453||8 350||3||42||2||61||3||453||8
Avesta, Sweden
Avesta is an urban area in the county of Dalarna in Sweden. It is the seat of Avesta Municipality.
Marvin Harrison
Marvin Darnell Harrison (born August 25, 1972) is a former American football wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for Syracuse University, and was drafted by the Indianapolis Colts in the first round of the 1996 NFL Draft. He spent all 13 of his NFL seasons with the Colts, most of them with quarterback Peyton Manning, and is widely considered as one of the greatest and most productive wide receivers in NFL history. He earned a Super Bowl ring with the team in Super Bowl XLI over the Chicago Bears.
Harrison was a Pro Football Hall of Fame finalist for the Classes of 2014 and 2015 before being elected in 2016, the same year his former coach Tony Dungy was voted into the Hall.
National anthem of Russia
The State Anthem of the Russian Federation is the name of the national anthem of Russia. First used in 2001, the song's music is the same as that of the former State Anthem of the Soviet Union, which was composed by Alexander Alexandrov in 1938. The words were newly written by Sergey Mikhalkov in 2000, who also wrote the words for the Soviet national anthem back in 1943.
Vittorio Arrigoni
Vittorio Arrigoni (4 February 1975 – 5 April 2011) was an Italian reporter, writer, pacifist and activist. was an Italian journalist and peace activist who had gone to live in the Gaza Strip. He was very critical of Israel, but also Islamist groups that wanted an extreme Islamic state.
An Islamic terrorist group kidnapped Arrigoni and said they would kill him unless the Hamas government released their leader from prison. They showed Arrigoni with his eyes covered, on a YouTube video, with the text "The Italian hostage entered our land only to spread corruption." The police went to a building in Gaza where they found Arrigoni's body. He had been beaten and strangled.
National anthem of Russia
History of Russian anthems
"God Save the Tsar!" continued to be the national anthem until the February Revolution in March 1917, when an adaptation of the French national anthem, known as the "Worker's Marseillaise", was used for a short time. Later that year, when the October Revolution happened, the Bolsheviks adopted a Russian translation of "The Internationale", which became the national anthem of the Soviet Union when it was founded in 1922. This was replaced by the State Anthem of the Soviet Union with Alexandrov's music and Mikhalkov's lyrics in 1944. The lyrics were removed in 1953 after the death of Joseph Stalin, but a new set of lyrics were added in 1977.
While the republics of the Soviet Union had their own anthems during this time, the Russian SFSR did not, instead using the Soviet national anthem. However, in 1990, the Russian SFSR adopted a composition by Mikhail Glinka, known as "The Patriotic Song" as its state anthem. There were never any official words to this song. After the Soviet Union broke down in 1991, the president of the newly-formed Russian Federation, Boris Yeltsin, continued to use "The Patriotic Song" as the country's national anthem. When he was replaced by Vladimir Putin in 2000, the new president began to push for the melody of the old Soviet anthem to be brought back. Finally, in December of that year, the State Duma voted in favour of the music of the Soviet anthem, together with new lyrics by Mikhalkov, to be adopted as the national anthem, and the new anthem was performed for the first time during a ceremony at the Great Kremlin Palace just before the New Year.
Harry Reid
Harry Mason Reid (December 2, 1939 – December 28, 2021) was an American politician. He was the United States senator from Nevada from 1987 to 2017. He was a member of the United States Democratic Party, and was their leader in the Senate. Earlier, Reid was a member of the United States House of Representatives from 1981 until 1987 and Lieutenant Governor of Nevada between 1971 until 1975.
National anthem of Russia
In regional languages
Because Russia has so many different languages, the anthem has been translated into many of them. Due to the small amount of space, only the anthem's chorus in some of these languages is shown.
Harry Reid
Early life
Reid was born on December 2, 1939 in Searchlight, Nevada. He studied at Southern Utah University, at Utah State University, and at George Washington University.
Career
He returned to Nevada after law school and served as Henderson city attorney before being elected to the Nevada Assembly in 1968. In 1970, at age 30, Reid was chosen by O'Callaghan as his running mate for Lieutenant Governor of Nevada. Reid and his mentor O'Callaghan won the race and Reid served as lieutenant governor from 1971 until 1974. Reid became the youngest lieutenant governor in Nevada's history. When he ran for the U.S. Senate seat being vacated by Alan Bible. He lost by fewer than 600 votes to former Governor Paul Laxalt. In 1975, Reid ran for Mayor of Las Vegas and lost to Bill Briare.
Representative
Nevada had only a single at-large member in the United States House of Representatives, but population growth in the 1970s caused the state to pick up a second district. Reid won the Democratic nomination for the Nevada's 1st congressional district, based in Las Vegas, in 1982, and easily won the general election. He served two terms in the House, from 1983 to 1987.
Senator
In 1986, Reid won the Democratic nomination for the seat of retiring two-term current Republican Senator Paul Laxalt. He defeated former at-large Congressman Jim Santini, a Democrat who had turned Republican, in the November election. He coasted to reelection in 1992. However, he barely defeated 1st District Congressman John Ensign in 1998 in the midst of a statewide Republican sweep.
In 2004, Reid won reelection with 61 percent of the vote, gaining the endorsement of several Republicans.
Ensign was elected to Nevada's other Senate seat in 2000. He and Reid have a very good relationship, despite their bruising contest in 1998. The two frequently worked together on Nevada issues until Ensign was forced to resign his Senate seat.
While Reid won the Democratic nomination with 75% of the vote in the June 8 primary, he faced a competitive general election for the 2010 Senate race in Nevada. Reid engaged in a $1 million media campaign to "reintroduce himself" to Nevada's voters. He defeated Republican challenger Sharron Angle in the general election.
In 2015, Reid announced his retirement from the senate. In November 2016, Democrat Catherine Cortez Masto, who he supported to replace him, won the election.
Personal life
He was married to Landra Gould. They had 5 children.
In May 2018, Reid had surgery for pancreatic cancer at Johns Hopkins Cancer Center after a tumor was found in his pancreas during a routine screening. In a January 2019 interview with The New York Times, it was revealed that Reid was confined to a desk at his home and was unable to move without the aid of a walker.
SKS
SKS is a Soviet Union made semi-automatic rifle. It was designed in 1943 by Sergei Gavrilovich Simonov. In the 1950s it was replaced with the AK-47. The SKS remained in second-line service for decades. It is still used as a ceremonial arm today. The SKS is currently popular in the civilian surplus market in many countries. This includes the United States, Canada and New Zealand. It was one of the first weapons designed to use the M-43 7.62×39mm round, which was also used later in the AK-47.
Rafael Ishkhanyan
Rafayel Avetisi Ishkhanyan (Ռաֆայել Ավետիսի Իշխանյան, 9 March 1922 – 6 February 1995) was an Armenian philologist and historian. He was a professor of the Yerevan State University.
Biography
In 1939, Ishkhanyan entered the department of Armenian language and literature of Yerevan State University. He fought in World War II. After the war, he continued his studies and graduated from Yerevan University in 1949.
Harry Reid
Personal life
Reid died of pancreatic cancer at his home in Henderson, Nevada on December 28, 2021, at the age of 82.
Morgan City, Louisiana
Morgan City is a city in the St. Martin Parish and in St. Mary Parish, Louisiana.
Esther Ouwehand
Esther Ouwehand (born 10 June 1976) is a Dutch animal rights activist and politician of the Party for the Animals (Partij voor de Dieren - PvdD).
Politics
The Party of the Animals gained for the first time some (two) seats in the House of Representatives in the 2006 Dutch general election, which enabled Ouwehand and party leader Marianne Thieme to enter parliament. Since 30 November 2006, she has been a parliamentarian, with an interruption from November 2015 to October 2016 due to a burnout.
Since 9 October 2019, she has been both parliamentary and party leader, as successor of Thieme (for a brief period she was already parliamentary leader, from October 2018 to January 2019).
She leaded the PvdD into the 2021 Dutch general election in March 2021.
Federal Ministry of the Interior and Community
The ministry handles affairs about security and police, so it is more like the British Home Office.
Geoff Case
Geoff Case (18 September 1935 – 22 June 2018) was an Australian rules footballer. He played in the Victorian Football League (VFL). He was born in Victoria, Australia.
Federal Ministry of the Interior and Community
Each state also has a ministry of the interior.
Esther Ouwehand
Background
Ouwehand studied policy, communication, and organisation at the Free University Amsterdam, but did not complete her studies.
Geoff Case
Case was a tough midfielder and played his 122 VFL games for Melbourne, which included the 1955, 1957, 1959 and 1960 winning grand finals. He also represented the VFL, but retired at the relatively young age of just twenty-six in 1962.
Homomorphism
In algebra homomorphism is a map between two groups, that keeps the structure of the two groups. Homomorphic structures are basically the same, while the numbers, or operations in the equations are different. This means the two structures can be easily compared.
Geoff Case
Case died on 22 June 2018 in Melbourne at the age of 82.
Pope Lando
Pope Lando (913-14) (Landus; died 914) was the 122nd Pope from July or August in 913 until February or March in 914.
History
Little is known about the short period during which Pope Lando was the head of the church.
Esther Ouwehand
Background
Esther Ouwehand was born and grew up in the coastal town of Katwijk, a conservative Protestant environment, but considers herself nonreligious. She is married with no children, is a vegan and lives in the neighbouring city of Leiden.
Pope Lando
Legacy
Lando was to be the last pope with a name that was completely unique until Pope Francis's election. Since then, there has not been another pope with the name Lando.
Until Pope John Paul I in 1978, Pope Lando was the last pope to use a papal name which had not been used by an earlier pope.
Rafael Ishkhanyan
Biography
His works are generally dedicated to the earliest history of the Armenian people, to the comparative linguistic analysis of ancient languages, and to printing. He is one of the authors of Armenian Soviet encyclopedia.
Federal Ministry of the Interior and Community
Responsibility
The Federal Ministry of the Interior is responsible for the security inside Germany, the protection of the constitution, the public service, the organisation of the public administration, the civil defence, information technology and sports. The BMI also buys motor vehicles for the federal government, and has its own motor vehicle registration office.
HarperCollins
HarperCollins Publishers L.L.C. is one of the world's largest publishing companies. The company is headquartered in New York City and is a subsidiary of News Corp. The name is a combination of several publishing firm names: Harper & Row, an American publishing company and the British company William Collins, Sons (founded 1819).
Rafael Ishkhanyan
Biography
He was a Deputy to the Supreme Soviet Armenia in 1990-1996.
Federal Ministry of the Interior and Community
Health and Safety Standards
The various State laws about health and safety do not apply to the Federal Government. Instead the BMI is the with health and safe authoirty for all federal bodies. It keeps the federal accident reigster.
Melvin Turpin
Melvin Harrison Turpin (December 28, 1960 – July 8, 2010), who commonly went by Mel Turpin, was an American professional basketball player. He played college basketball at the University of Kentucky, and professionally in the NBA for the Cleveland Cavaliers, Utah Jazz and Washington Bullets. He also played briefly in Liga ACB in Spain.
After a brilliant college career, which saw Turpin set several SEC records, Turpin was considered a draft disappointment in the 1984 NBA draft class, which is considered by many to be the greatest NBA draft class in history (Hall of Famers from the class include Hakeem Olajuwon, Michael Jordan, Charles Barkley, John Stockton and Oscar Schmidt - in the NBA, Jordan performed a rather famous dunk on Turpin). Turpin's relatively lackluster play in the professional ranks earned him many condescending nicknames, including Dinner Bell Mel and The Mealman. Other nicknames he obtained over his career include Big Dipper, and in Spain, El Mel and El Mucho Grande.
On July 8, 2010, Turpin committed suicide in his home in Lexington, Kentucky from an apparent self-inflicted gunshot wound.
Federal Ministry of the Interior and Community
Health and Safety Standards
The European Union sometimes complains that this is wrong. It says that the Federal health and safety authority should be independent.
Agencies under the authority of the BMI
Bundesausgleichsamt (BAA) Federal Equalization of Burdens Office (helping small states which need to spend a lot of money for some jobs)
Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge Federal Office of Migration and Refugees (BAMF)
Bundesakademie für öffentliche Verwaltung Federal Academy for Public Administration (BAköV)
Beschaffungsamt Procurement (buying)office (BeschA)
Bundesbeauftragter für den Datenschutz und die Informationsfreiheit Federal Commissioner for Data Protection and Freedom of Information (BfD)
Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution (BfV)
Bundespolizei Federal Police (BPol) (formerly: Bundesgrenzschutz Federal Border Guard (BGS))
Bundesinstitut für Bevölkerungsforschung Federal Institute for Population Research (BIB)
Bundesinstitut für Sportwissenschaft Federal Institute for Sports Science BISp)
Interstate 405 (Washington)
Interstate 405 (I-405) is an auxiliary Interstate Highway of I-5 located in the Seattle region of Washington, United States. It goes north-south as it bypasses Seattle east of Lake Washington, going through the Eastside area of King and Snohomish counties. The 30 mi highway goes through the cities of Renton, Bellevue, Kirkland, and Bothell. I-405 also intersects a lot of other major highways, including I-90, Washington State Route (SR) 167, SR 520, and SR 522. I-405 is one of the busiest highways in the state, and is often the most busiest during peak travel times, leading to long traffic delays for travelers.
Federal Ministry of the Interior and Community
Agencies under the authority of the BMI
Bundeskriminalamt Federal Criminal Police Office (BKA)
Bundesamt für Kartographie und Geodäsie Federal Office of Cartography and Geodesy (BKG)
Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung Federal Office for Civic Education (bpb)
Bundesamt für Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik Federal Office of Information Technology Security (BSI)
Bundesverwaltungsamt Federal Administration Office (BVA)
Bundesamt für Bevölkerungsschutz und Katastrophenhilfe Federal Office of Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance (BBK)
Fachhochschule des Bundes für öffentliche Verwaltung Federal College for Public Administration (FH bund)
Koordinierungs- und Beratungsstelle der Bundesregierung für Informationstechnik in der Bundesverwaltung Coordination and Advice Centre for Information Technology in the Federal Government (KBSt)
Statistisches Bundesamt Federal Statistical Office (destatis)
HarperCollins
The worldwide CEO of HarperCollins is Brian Murray. HarperCollins has publishing groups in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, India, and China. The company publishes many different imprints, both former independent publishing houses and new imprints.
Federal Ministry of the Interior and Community
Agencies under the authority of the BMI
Technisches Hilfswerk Emergency relief organisation (THW)
Archezoa
Archezoa was a kingdom in taxonomy, which is the system that scientists use to put living things in groups. Thomas Cavalier-Smith said taxonomy should have a kingdom called Archezoa, which would contain some living things that have organelles in their cells. Scientists stopped using Archezoa after they learned more about those living things.
Federal Ministry of the Interior and Community
Agencies under the authority of the BMI
Unabhängige Kommission zur Überprüfung des Vermögens der Parteien und Massenorganisationen der DDR Independent Commission for Checking the Property of the Parties and Mass Organisations of the DDR (UKPV)|
Vertreter des Bundesinteresses beim Bundesverwaltungsgericht Federal Interests Representative at the Federal Administrative Court (VBI)
Beauftragter der Bundesregierung für Aussiedlerfragen und nationale Minderheiten Federal Ombudsman for Resettled Persons and National Minorities
Bundesanstalt für den Digitalfunk der Behörden und Organisationen mit Sicherheitsaufgaben Federal Agency for Digital Radio of Security Authorities and Organizations(BDBOS.)
Morrens
Morrens is a municipality of the district of Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.
New Math
New Mathematics or New Math was a change in the way mathematics was taught in schools. It happened between the 1950s, and 1970s. In the United States, it happened shortly after the Sputnik crisis. The goal was to boost students' science education and mathematical skill to meet the technological threat of Soviet engineers. These engineers were said to be very skilled mathematicians.
Topics introduced in the New Math include set theory, modular arithmetic, algebraic inequalities, bases other than 10, matrices, symbolic logic, Boolean algebra, and abstract algebra.
All of the New Math projects emphasized some form of discovery learning. Students worked in groups to invent theories about problems posed in the textbooks. Materials for teachers described the classroom as "noisy." Part of the job of the teacher was to move from table to table assessing the theory that each group of students had developed and "torpedoing" wrong theories by providing counterexamples. For that style of teaching to be tolerable for students, they had to experience the teacher as a colleague rather than as an adversary or as someone concerned mainly with grading. New Math workshops for teachers, therefore, spent as much effort on the pedagogy as on the mathematics.
Criticism
Parents and teachers who opposed the New Math in the U.S. complained that the new curriculum was too far outside of students' ordinary experience and was not worth taking time away from more traditional topics, such as arithmetic. The material also put new demands on teachers, many of whom were required to teach material they did not fully understand. Parents were concerned that they did not understand what their children were learning and could not help them with their studies. In an effort to learn the material, many parents attended their children's classes. In the end, it was concluded that the experiment was not working, and New Math fell out of favor before the end of the 1960s, though it continued to be taught for years thereafter in some school districts.
In the Algebra preface of his book, Precalculus Mathematics in a Nutshell, Professor George F. Simmons wrote that the New Math produced students who had "heard of the commutative law, but did not know the multiplication table".
As a result of this controversy, and despite the ongoing influence of the New Math, the phrase "new math" is often used now to describe any short-lived fad that quickly becomes discredited. In 1999, Time placed it on a list of the 100 worst ideas of the 20th century.
O Arise, All You Sons
"O Arise, All You Sons" is the national anthem of Papua New Guinea.
Lotus Cars
Lotus Cars is a British builder of sports and racing cars. It is based at the old site of RAF Hethel, a World War II airfield in Norfolk. The company designs and builds race and production cars. The cars are built to have a low weight. The cars handle well (they can turn, start and stop quickly.)
Lotus Cars was founded and owned for many years by Colin Chapman. After his death and a period of financial instability, it was bought by General Motors, then by businessman Romano Artioli and DRB-HICOM through its subsidiary Proton. It is currently owned by Chinese multinational Geely.
History
The company was started as Lotus Engineering Ltd. by engineer Colin Chapman in 1952 but had roots in 1948 when Chapman first started building racing cars in a garage. The first factory was in old stables in Hornsey, North London. Team Lotus was started in 1954. It was split off from the Lotus Engineering company. Team Lotus was active and competitive in Formula One racing from 1958 to 1994.
The Lotus Group of Companies was formed in 1959. One company was Lotus Cars Limited which made road cars. The other company was Lotus Components Limited which worked on customer race cars. Lotus Components Limited became Lotus Racing Limited in 1971 but stopped building cars in the same year.
In 1959, the company moved to Cheshunt, Hertfordshire into a factory built to make cars. Since 1966 the company has been in a modern factory and road test facility at Hethel, near Wymondham. This site is the former RAF Hethel base. The test track uses parts of the old runway.
In its early days, Lotus sold cars aimed at privateer racers and trialists. Its early road cars could be bought as kits, in order to save on purchase tax. The kit car era ended in the late 1960s and early 1970s, with the introduction of the Elan, the first car manufactured by the company.
In early 1982, Chapman came to an agreement with Toyota to exchange intellectual property and applied expertise. This resulted in Lotus collaborating in the design and development of Toyota sports cars and Toyota supplying parts to Lotus, making development and production of their new models, such as the Excel, cost effective.
Flags of Oceania
This is a gallery of national flags of Oceania.
Lotus Cars
History
Chapman died of a heart attack in 1982 at the age of 54. The car maker built tens of thousands of successful racing and road cars. They won the Formula One World Championship seven times. At the time of his death he was linked with the DeLorean scandal over the use of government subsidies for the production of DeLorean DMC-12 for which Lotus had designed the chassis.
In 1986, the company was bought by General Motors. On 27 August 1993, GM sold the company to Bugatti Automobili SpA owned by businessman Romano Artioli. In 1996, a majority share in Lotus was sold to Proton, a Malaysian car company. On 24 May 2017, Chinese multinational Geely announced that was taking a 51% controlling stake in Lotus. The remaining 49% was acquired by Etika Automotive.
The company is organized as Group Lotus. Group Lotus is divided into Lotus Cars and Lotus Engineering. Lotus Engineering builds suspension for other car builders. They also worked with General Motors to develop the 4-cylinder Ecotec engine.
The four letters in the middle of the logo stand for the initials of Anthony Colin Bruce Chapman.
Formula One
The Lotus Cars helped its customers to race its cars. They entered Formula One through its sister company Team Lotus in 1958. In 1960, Lotus got its first win in F1. A Lotus 18 driven by Stirling Moss won at Monaco. The car was entered by privateer Rob Walker.
They had big success in 1963 with the Lotus 25. With Jim Clark driving, Lotus its first F1 World Constructors Championship. Clark was killed in a crash in a Formula Two Lotus 48 in April 1968. It was a severe blow to the team and to Formula One. Clark was the dominant driver with the best car at the time. He is an important part of Lotus' early years. The 1963 championship was won by Clark's teammate, Graham Hill.
Team Lotus made the mid-engine layout popular for IndyCars. They developed the first monocoque Formula One chassis. They also made the engine and transaxle a part of the chassis. A transaxle is a combination of the transmission and rear axle. Lotus was also among the first in Formula One to add wings and shaping the bottom of the car. This created aerodynamic downforce. They were the first to move radiators to the sides of the car. This improved the aerodynamic performance of the car. Team Lotus is also considered as the pioneer of the active suspension.
After Chapman's death, until the late 1980s, Lotus was still to be a major player in Formula One. Ayrton Senna drove for the team from 1985 to 1987. Senna won twice in each year and earned 17 pole positions. By the company's last Formula One race in 1994, the cars were not competitive. At the end of the 1994 season, Lotus left Formula One racing. Team Lotus won a total of 79 Grand Prix races. Team Lotus was the first team to achieve 50 Grand Prix victories.
Formula One Constructors' Championships (Drivers' Championship winner for Lotus)
In 1992, Team Lotus started Classic Team Lotus for the Works historic motorsport activity. Classic Team Lotus repairs and keeps Lotus F1 cars in running condition. They race them in the FIA Historic Formula One Championship. It keeps the Team Lotus archive and the Works Collection of cars. It is managed by Clive Chapman, son of company founder Colin Chapman.
The Lotus name returned to Formula One for the 2010 season. A new team in Malaysia was started called Lotus Racing. They used the Lotus name with license from Group Lotus. The new team was unrelated to the old Team Lotus. The new team was funded by a Malaysian Consortium (group of companies) including Proton, the former owner of Lotus.
After the 2010 season, Proton ended the license for Lotus Racing to use the Lotus name. Proton believed the team broke the license rules. Lotus Racing then bought Team Lotus Ventures Ltd. This company owned the rights to use the name Team Lotus. The Lotus Racing team announced they would be known as Team Lotus starting in 2011.
Lotus also unsuccessfully participated in the 24 Hours of LeMans and in the Indianapolis 500 in 2011 and 2012.
Concept cars
At the 2010 Paris Motorshow, Lotus announced five new models. These were to be introduced over the next five years.
Out of the five models introduced, only the Elise reached the production stage with Lotus cancelling the rest of the models to focus on making lightweight sports cars.
APX and VVA
The APX (also known as the "Aluminum Performance Crossover") is a concept car made from aluminum presented at the 2006 Geneva Motor Show. It is built on Lotus Engineering's Versatile Vehicle Architecture (VVA).
The VVA design was to be used on a mid-engine sports car. The APX is a high performance 7 seat Multi Purpose Vehicle. It is four-wheel drive and has a front mounted V6 engine.
Cars produced using VVA:
Projects worked on by Lotus Engineering
Examples of work done by Lotus Engineering include:
Electric vehicles
Lotus Engineering has established a group dedicated to hybrid and electric vehicles.
Lotus joined Jaguar Cars, MIRA Ltd and Caparo on a luxury hybrid executive sedan project called "Limo-Green"—funded by the UK Government Technology Strategy Board. The vehicle was a series plug-in hybrid.
Lotus unveiled their first series production electric sports car called the Evija in July 2019. The car is undergoing development under the codename Type 130. Production would be limited to 130 units and is scheduled to begin in Summer 2020. The Evija makes use of a 70 kWh battery pack developed in conjunction with Williams Advanced Engineering. There are 4 electric motors placed on each wheel supported by an Integral powertrain. The powertrain is rated at a total output of 2000 PS and 1700 Nm of torque. The Evija has a range of 400 km.
Queen's Award for Enterprise
Lotus Cars were awarded the Queen's Award for Enterprise for contribution to International Trade, one of 85 companies receiving the recognition in that category in 2002. Lotus cars wore the badge of the award for a number of years.
In popular culture
Lotus cars have appeared in several movies and TV shows. The most popular appearance of Lotus cars was in two James Bond movies namely The Spy Who Loved Me (1977) and For Your Eyes Only (1981). The amphibious Lotus Esprit appearing in the 1977 movie was more popular of the two appearances.
R Apodis
R Apodis is a red giant star located in the constellation Apus. It is a variable star, meaning its size changes over time.
Jun Uruno
Club career statistics
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Thor Vilhjalmsson
Thor Vilhjalmsson (12 August 1925 – 2 March 2011) was an Icelandic writer. His first novel, Maðurinn er alltaf einn (Man is Always Alone) was published in 1950. In 1988 he won the Nordic Council Literary Prize for his novel Grámosinn glóir (Justice Undone).
Vilhjalmsson was born in Edinburgh, Scotland in 1925. He studied at the University of Iceland in 1944-1946, at the University of Nottingham in 1946-1947 and at the Sorbonne in Paris from 1947-1952. He worked as a librarian at the National Library of Iceland in 1953 and at the National Theatre 1955-1957. He was involved in many art groups and events including the Reykjavik Writers Festival, the Writer's Union of Iceland, the Federation of Icelandic Artists, the Reykjavík Arts Festival, the Reykjavík Film Festival and the Reykjavík Judo-Society.
Corey Knebel
Corey Knebel is a Major League Baseball player. He was MVP.
Campagna
The town, located in a mountainous district, gradually lost importance in the 20th century. All its district offices have been moved to other cities since the 1930s, and the Diocese of Campagna merged with the Archdiocese of Salerno in 1973.
During World War II, Campagna was the site of an internment camp. The Bishop Giuseppe Maria Palatucci turned the camp into a shelter for Italian and foreign Jews, many of them sent there for protection by his nephew Giovanni Palatucci; Giovanni was later honored as a Righteous Among the Nations by the Yad Vashem Holocaust Memorial.
Party Rock Anthem
"Party Rock Anthem" is a hit song by the American duo LMFAO with English singer Lauren Bennett. The song is the first single off their second album Sorry for Party Rocking, released in 2011. The song hit number one in many countries.