cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Fountain pen
The pen draws ink from the reservoir through a feed to the nib.The ink travels by a combination of gravity and capillary action. The nib is the part of the pen that writes on the paper. Different shapes and styles of nibs can change the amount of ink distributed and the thickness of your writing line. Most fountain pens have replaceable nibs. They can come in many different materials and styles and are ranked from extra-fine to extra broad.
Filling the reservoir with ink may be done manually, by a Pasteur pipette (eyedropper) or syringe. However, usually it is done by an internal filling mechanism which creates suction. A piston mechanism or a vacuum transfers ink directly through the nib into the reservoir. Some pens have removable reservoirs in the form of pre-filled ink cartridges.
Nibs
According to Mathur "the modern fountain pen nib may be traced back to the original gold nib which had a tiny fragment of ruby attached to form the wear-point". Nibs tipped with platinum group alloys such as iridium have been used since the 1830s. Today, the main part of the nib are usually made of stainless steel and/or gold The most popular gold content is 14 carat (58⅓%) and 18 carat (75%). The idea is that the nib should be flexible yet firm, and the tip extremely hard-wearing.
Ink reservoir
Until the early 20th century, the ink in a fountain pen was kept directly in the barrel. The slim barrels were made of hard rubber, which came in two colours, black and red. Ink was put in these barrels with an eye-dropper. To do this, the user had to take off the nib section, put the ink in and replace the nib section. This operation required a quiet secluded place, which some people might not have.
In 1907, Walter A. Sheaffer patented the lever filler. This used a hinged lever set into the pen barrel which pressed down onto a bar which in turn compressed a rubber sac inside, creating a vacuum which pulled ink into the pen. This could be done without removing the nib section.
Introduced in 1912, this innovation was rapidly imitated by the other major pen makers. Parker introduced the button filler, which had a button hidden beneath a blind cap on the end of the barrel. When pressed, it acted on a pressure bar inside to depress the ink sac. Many other firms used a lever set flat along the barrel, which, when pulled, squeezed the rubber sac. It was the rubber sac which made all the difference between the founain pens of the 19th century and those of the 20th century. Other firms used a screw mechanism at the top end of the pen to squeeze the rubber sac.
Soumaïla Cissé
Soumaïla Cissé (20 December 1949 – 25 December 2020) was a Malian politician. He served as the nation's Minister of Finance from 1993 to 2000. He stood three times as a presidential candidate, in 2002, 2013 and 2018. He was defeated in a second round of voting each time. He became president of the Union for the Republic and Democracy, a political party, in 2014.
Cissé was born in Nianfuke, near Timbuktu. He married Astan Traore in 1978. On 26 March 2020, Cissé was taken hostage in the Tombouctou Region by Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin, a militant Islamist group. He was released on 6 October 2020.
In late 2020, Cissé was taken to France for treatment of COVID-19. He died in Paris on 25 December 2020 at the age of 71.
Georgina Pinedo
Georgina Soledad Pinedo (born 30 May 1981 in Buenos Aires) is an Argentine volleyball player.
She participated at the 2002 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship, 2003 Women's South American Volleyball Championship, 2009 Women's South American Volleyball Championship, 2008 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup, 2008 Final Four Women's Volleyball Cup, 2010 Final Four Women's Volleyball Cup, 2011 FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix, and 2013 European Cup.
At the club level, she played for Boca Juniors and Volero Le Cannet.
1329
1329 was a common year.
Southern Peninsula (Iceland)
The Southern Peninsula (Suðurnes) is a region in the southwest of the Iceland. The population of the region was 27,829 (2020). The capital in the region is Keflavík, with a population of 15,930 (2018).
Take My Breath
"Take My Breath" is a song recorded by Canadian singer-songwriter the Weeknd. It was released August 6, 2021, as the lead single from his upcoming fifth studio album. The Weeknd has also revealed that the song was used for the 2020 Olympics in Tokyo (aired in 2021 due to the coronavirus pandemic).
The song is a disco and dance-pop song with a length of three minutes and 40 seconds. The Weeknd wrote the song with Belly, Max Martin, and Oscar Holter. He produced the song with Holter and Martin.
Wakizashi
The wakizashi is a traditional Japanese sword. It is shorter than the katana, which was well known in the beginning of the 17th century as a kodachi sword. The two swords were always carried together: the wakizashi finished off the work of the katana sword. Such a sword could be from 30cm to 60cm (12 to 24 inches) long. A small version was called a "ko-wakizashi", a longer one was called an "o-wakizashi". The wakizashi has a handle made of stingray skin and the blade is made from the finest metal and stone.
Overview
A wakizashi had a slightly curved blade with a square-shaped hilt (handle). The hilt and the scabbard (the case in which the sword is kept) of a wakizashi was richly decorated with traditional motifs. A wakizashi was more decorated than a katana because it was not used as much as a katana, but still carried everywhere. Another distinctive feature is the scabbard (called a "saya"). The sayas were made to be like the katana but they could have extra pockets for smaller knives, a hair arranger, etc.
The katana and the wakizashi together are called a daishō, which is translated as "large and small". The first part of the word (dai) means "big" and stands for the katana sword; the second (sho) stands for wakizashi. Wakizashi was more decorated than a katana and it was thinner, this is why it was designed to cut through softer targets. So it was a sword to make dangerous cuts in weak points of the human body. The use of a daishō on the battlefield gave its user a big advantage. With the two swords the samurai could keep the enemies within a radius of action ranging from 2 to 7 feet (1 to 3 1/2 meters). Miyamoto Musashi, a famous Japanese samurai, was especially skilful at using the daishō.
Customs and traditions
A wakizashi sword was an irreplaceable weapon for a samurai. The tradition says that when entering a house or any other building, the samurai has to leave his katana with a servant, but the wakizashi could be worn at all times and places. This is why the wakizashi is often called the samurai's side arm. The wakizashi followed his master even when he went to sleep, because it was always near the bed.
The wakizashi was carried along the thigh and was usually used with one hand; the other hand was used for the katana. The wakizashi proved to be very effective when the katana's length and weight made it hard to use. The wakizashi needs less force to use and it is more maneuverable.
The wakizashi was also the sword used by merchants and artisans (types of traders) who were forbidden from wearing a katana. This fact explains a greater number wakizashi swords were found than katanas. There are even more wakizashi swords than katana swords, although the katana swords had greater meaning for Japanese society.
Seppuku
The wakizashi sword was much used in the ritual of seppuku (suicide because of lost honor). In this ritual it was used along with the shortest Japanese sword - Tanto. The wakizashi was thrust into the torso (body), cutting open vertically. This kind of death was considered honorable for a samurai. When a female samurai committed seppuku she would only cut her own throat.
Detergent
A detergent is a chemical that people use in washing things. Many people use washing powder, which is a type of detergent, when they need to clean their clothes. It is also used to clean glasses and other items. Detergent is mostly used in washing machines, to clean dirty clothes. People usually use liquid detergent to wash clothes, but powdered detergent is usable too.
Method
Detergents clean clothes using a similar method to soap. For liquid detergents, the molecules in detergent are inserted in water beforehand (that's why its liquid) so it doesn't clog the washer like powdered detergent. The molecules in both powdered and liquid detergent have one side that attracts to dirt, grime, oil, and other undesirable things on clothes. The other side attracts to water. When detergent is thoroughly mixed in with clothes, it detaches the dirt and grime and makes it soluble in water. The used detergent is then rinsed out, normally piped into a sewer or septic tank. The washer then usually spins, to increase the g-force inside and effectively squeeze out the water. Afterwards, the wet (but clean) clothes are loaded into a dryer or hung out to air dry. When powdered detergent is used, the detergent is placed in water and mixed in with clothes very quickly, so there may be powder still on clothes because the detergent didn't have time to mix in with the water.
John Habgood
John Stapylton Habgood, Baron Habgood, (23 June 1927 – 6 March 2019) was a British Anglican bishop, academic, and life peer. He was Bishop of Durham from 1973 to 1983, and Archbishop of York from 18 November 1983 to 1995.
In 1995, he was made a life peer and was in the House of Lords after stepping down as Archbishop. He took a leave of absence in later life, and was one of the first peers to retire from the Lords in 2011.
Evangelos Venizelos
Evangelos Venizelos (Ευάγγελος Βενιζέλος; born 1 January 1957) is a Greek lawyer and politician. He has been a member of the PASOK party. He has been a member of the Greek Parliament since 1993, holding different offices. Between 2012 and 2015, he was head of PASOK.
UEFA Euro 1992
The UEFA Euro 1992 was the 9th UEFA European Football Championship tournament. Its formal name was the 1992 UEFA European Football Championship. It was held in 10 June to 26 June. All the European football teams could compete. The defending champion was Netherlands. The tournament was hosted in Sweden. 8 teams were qualified for the final group stage. The winner of the tournament was Denmark after defeating Germany.
Final rankings
<li>Rankings are based on performance, not team skill. Also, these rankings are unofficial and are not based on head-to-head record.</li>
Saudia Flight 163
Saudia Flight 163 was a scheduled passenger flight from Karachi to Jeddah, via Riyadh. On August 19, 1980 the Lockheed L-1011 TriStar with 287 passengers and 14 crew members on-board, caught fire seven minutes after take-off. Although the plane made an emergency landing at Riyadh International Airport, all 301 people on-board died of smoke inhalation, with the aircraft later destroyed by the fire.
Avadi Railway Station
Avadi railway station is one of the major train stations in the Chennai Central–Arakkonam section of the Chennai Suburban Railway Network. It serves the neighbourhood of Avadi, a locality of Chennai located 23 km west of the city centre. The station has six tracks, including two loop lines, and has four platforms. As of 2013, the station handles about 40,000 passengers a day.
Agnes Tirop
Agnes Jebet Tirop (23 October 1995 – 13 October 2021) was a Kenyan professional long-distance runner. She mainly competed in the 5000 metres and cross country running. She won bronze medal in the 10,000 metres events at the 2017 and 2019. Tirop also competed in the 2020 Summer Olympics.
Tirop was found dead in her home in Iten, Elgeyo-Marakwet County on 13 October 2021 with multiple stab wounds in the abdomen, aged 25.
Lubin
Lubin (Lüben, Lubin) is a town in Lower Silesian Voivodeship in Poland. In 2020, 72,142 people lived there.
1985 State of the Union Address
The 1985 State of the Union address was given by President Ronald Reagan to a joint session of the 99th United States Congress on February 6, 1985 (Reagan's birthday). The speech was the first State of the Union address of President Reagan's second term, and his fifth altogether.
He stated, "Our progress began not in Washington, DC, but in the hearts of our families, communities, workplaces, and voluntary groups which, together, are unleashing the invincible spirit of one great nation under God." He believed that volunteerism was a key element to the American community.
The president proclaimed the Reagan Doctrine and talked about taxes, reducing the federal deficit and the Strategic Defense Initiative, among other things.
The speech lasted about 40 minutes and had 4,955 words. The address was broadcast live on radio and television.
The Democratic Party response was delivered by Governor Bill Clinton of Arkansas, Governor Bob Graham of Florida and House Speaker Tip O'Neill.
Province of Verona
Geography
The main river in the province is the Adige; it flows through the capital of the province. To the west of the province is the Lake Garda (Lago di Garda), the largest lake of Italy.
The climate in the city of Verona is Humid Subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification: Cfa).
The province of Verona borders to the north with the Trento (Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol region), to the east with the Vicenza and Padua provinces, to the southeast with the Rovigo province, to the south and west with the Lombardy region (Mantua province) and to the northwest with the Brescia province (Lombardy region).
Population
, there are 922,383 persons living in the province, for a population density of inhabitants/km².
Evolution of the population
Municipalities
There are 98 municipalities (or comuni) in the province; they are:
The largest comune is Verona, with 198.92 km2 and the smallest is Concamarise, with 7.91 km2. The comune with fewest inhabitants is Ferrara di Monte Baldo, with 226 inhabitants.
Main comuni
The following shows the 10 comuni with more inhabitants with their population, and their area and altitude.
San Cristóbal, Dominican Republic
San Cristóbal is a Dominican city and the head municipality of the San Cristóbal province.
The city is only 26 km from the national capital and, because of that, it is a city where many people live but work at Santo Domingo.
History
Since colonial times, there were many farms in the region; the main crop was sugarcane. There were several sugar factories with slaves.
But the town was founded during the first years of the 18th century by a Catholic priest: Juan de Jesús Fabian Ayala y García.
In 1822, the town was made a municipality by the Haitian government. In 1844, after the Dominican independence from Haiti, the city was made a municipality of the old Santo Domingo province.
The first Dominican constitution was written in San Cristóbal in 1844.
In 1932, San Cristóbal was made the head municipality of the new Trujillo Province; it had the name of Trujillo after the dictator Rafael Trujillo who was born in San Cristóbal. After Trujillo's death, the province was given the name of the main city: San Cristóbal.
Geography
San Cristóbal is in a small valley; the valley has small hills around it except along the Nigua river. Nigua is the most important river of the region; another river is Yubazo or Blanco, a tributary of Nigua.
San Cristóbal has a total area of 153.6 km2 (without including its municipal district), about 12% of the total area of the province of San Cristóbal. The city is an elevation of 33 m above sea level, and at 26 km to the west of Santo Domingo. It has only one municipal district (subdivisions of a municipality): Hato Damas.
Climate
San Cristóbal has a tropical monsoonal climate (Köppen-Geiger classification: Am) with a dry season and a heavy monsoon the rest of year; there is not a cold season.
The average amount of rainfall for the year in the city is 1599.4 mm. The month with the most precipitation on average is May with 218.1 mm of rainfall, followed by June with 214.8 mm.
The driest season is winter. The month with the least rainfall on average is February with an average of 51.1 mm and the second is March with 52.9 mm.
San Cristóbal is in a warm region; the average temperature for the year is 26 C. The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of 27.4 C. The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of 24.3 C.
Administrative division
The municipality of San Cristóbal has 1 municipal district:
Marengo County, Alabama
Marengo County is a county in the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,323. The largest city is Demopolis and the county seat is Linden. It is named in honor of the site of Battle of Marengo near Turin, Italy, where French leader Napoleon Bonaparte defeated the Austrians on June 14, 1800.
Marengo County was founded on February 6, 1818.
Tescott, Kansas
Tescott is a city in Ottawa County, Kansas, United States. In 2010, 319 people lived there.
History
Tescott was planned out in 1866. The city was named after T.E. Scott, an early settler.
On May 1st 2018, an EF3 wedge tornado hit the area near the city. It damaged one house.
Geography
Tescott is at 39.01194°N, -97.87806°W (39.012005, -97.878140). The United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.36 sqmi. All of it is land.
Weather
Tescott has hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. The Köppen Climate Classification system says that Tescott has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.
2010 census
The 2010 census says that there were 319 people, 129 households, and 86 families living in Tescott.
Education
Tescott is part of Twin Valley USD 240 school district. The district has two high schools; Bennington High School and Tescott High School.
William F. Buckley Jr.
William Frank Buckley, Jr. (November 24, 1925 – February 27, 2008) was an American conservative author and commentator. He founded the political magazine National Review in 1955, which had a big impact on the American conservative movement. He supported Barry M. Goldwater and Ronald Reagan.
Career
He hosted 1,429 episodes of the television show Firing Line from 1966 until 1999, where he became known for his transatlantic accent and wide vocabulary. He also wrote a nationally syndicated newspaper column, and wrote many spy novels.
Personal life
Buckley died at his home in Stamford, Connecticut, on February 27, 2008. Initially, it was reported that he was found dead at his desk in his study, a converted garage. At the time of his death, he had been suffering from emphysema and diabetes. His cause of death was soon ruled as emphysema.
Heinrich Rudolf Schinz
Heinrich Rudolf Schinz (March 30, 1777 - March 8, 1861) was a Swiss physician and naturalist.
Schinz was born at Zurich and studied medicine at Würzburg and Jena. In 1798 he returning to Zurich to work as a doctor. In 1804 he became a teacher at the medical school. In 1833 he became professor of natural history at the University of Zurich.
Schinz was also curator of the Natural History Society of Zurich. He also wrote a lot of important zoological books between 1824 and 1852. These included Das Thierreich (1821-4), Naturgeschichte und Abbildungen der Reptilien (1833-4), and Europäsche Fauna (1840). Karl Joseph Brodtmann made the pictures for these books.
Zafar Usmanov
Zafar Juraevich Usmanov (Усмонов Зафар Ҷӯраевич; 26 August 1937 – 13 October 2021) was a Soviet and Tajik mathematician. He was a member of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan. He was a professor of Moscow State University and Technological University of Tajikistan.
Carolee Schneemann
Carolee Schneemann (October 12, 1939 – March 6, 2019) was an American visual experimental artist. She was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She was known for her multi-media works on the body, narrative, sexuality and gender.
Heterojunction bipolar transistor
Materials
The principal difference between the BJT and HBT is in the use of different semiconductor materials for the emitter and base regions, making a heterojunction. This limits the injection of holes from the base into the emitter region, since the potential barrier in the valence band is higher than in the conduction band. Unlike BJT technology, this allows a high doping density to be used in the base. The high doping density reduces the base resistance while maintaining gain. The efficiency of the heterojunction is measured by the Kroemer factor.
Carolee Schneemann
Schneemann received a B.A. from Bard College and a Master of Fine Arts from the University of Illinois. Her work was seen by research into visual traditions, taboos, and the body of the individual in relation to social bodies. Her works have been shown at the Los Angeles Museum of Contemporary Art, the Museum of Modern Art in New York, the London National Film Theatre, and many other venues.
Schneemann died on March 6, 2019 at her home in New Paltz, New York from breast cancer at the age of 79.
Prothom Alo
The Daily Prothom Alo (Prothom Alo "First Light") is a popular daily newspaper in Bangladesh, published from Dhaka in the Bengali language. According to National Media Survey 2014, conducted by MRB Bangladesh, more than 4.3 million people read the print edition of Prothom Alo every day. The online portal of Prothom Alo is the most visited Bangladeshi and Bengali website of the world. Prothom Alo started its journey on 4 November 1998.
Digital platforms
The online portal of Prothom Alo (www.prothom-alo.com) is the number 1 Bangladeshi website in the world.This portal is accessed by 1.6 million visitors from 200 different countries and territories across the globe with 60 million pageview per month. The e-paper site of Prothom Alo (www.eprothomalo.com) is also the Number 1 e-paper Web site of Bangladesh. From 160 countries, 465 thousand visitors access this website with more than 26 million pageview per month.
Sister concerns
Prothom Alo, which belongs to Mediastar Ltd., has the following sister concerns:
Criticism
Prothom Alo is often criticized for its liberal attitude. A cartoon by Arifur Rahman was published in Alpin about a jokes partly related with religion, caused protests against the Newspaper. A subsequent order was given from the government to ban the supplement. The editor of the Prothom Alo acknowledged the gaffe. In a statement released by Prothom Alo, the editor of Alpin, Matiur Rahman, apologised, expressing regret for publishing the cartoon. The cartoonist was jailed for six months and two days, he was arrested 18 of September 2007 and released 20 of March 2008.
In 2012, a High Court bench issued an injunction on the publication of Humayun Ahmed’s political fiction Deyal at daily Prothom Alo's weekly Shahitto Samwiki on a Friday.
BitchX
BitchX is an IRC client. The first public release was in 1996. The latest stable version is 1.1 and was updated in 2004. It is free of charge and was written in C. Its last version has lots of security software bugs and its use is generally discouraged.
In 2010, people started working on BitchX again under the name of 'BitchX2'
Lepidochelys
Lepidochelys is a genus of sea turtles. It has two living species:
Capital Region (Iceland)
Greater Reykjavík (Höfuðborgarsvæðið, meaning "The Capital Region") is one of the eight regions of Iceland and also one of the two NUTS 3 regions. It is in the southwest of the country. The population of the region was 233,034 (2020). The capital in the region is Reykjavík, which is also the national capital. It is made up of six municipalities.
New Paltz, New York
New Paltz is a town in Ulster County, New York, United States. The population was 14,003 at the 2010 census. The town is located in the southeastern part of the county and is south of Kingston.
The Rachel Maddow Show
The Rachel Maddow Show (also abbreviated TRMS) is a daily news and opinion television program that airs on MSNBC, running in the 9:00 pm ET timeslot Monday through Friday. It is hosted by Rachel Maddow, who gained popularity with her frequent appearances as a liberal pundit on various MSNBC programs. It is based on her former radio show of the same name. The show debuted on September 8, 2008.
Zin Mar Aung
Zin Mar Aung (ဇင်မာအောင်; born 14 June 1976) is a Burmese activist. She received the International Women of Courage Award from the U.S State Department in 2012.
Life
Zin Mar Aung studied botany in the university. She received a degree from the University of Distance Education in Yangon.
Work
Zin Mar Aung was part of the Burma democracy movement. Because of this, she was a political prisoner for eleven years. She started a group for Asian culture and democracy. She also started a group to help women who were political prisoners. She also helped start a group for women's empowerment. In 2012, she became the leader of an organization for ethnic minorities in war areas. In 2013 she started to work with the International Foundation for Electoral Systems on women’s political empowerment under the Global Women’s Leadership Fund.
Division of Macquarie
The Division of Macquarie is an Australian Electoral Division in New South Wales. It was one of the original 75 divisions set up for the first federal election in 1901. It is named for Lachlan Macquarie, who was Governor of New South Wales between 1810 and 1821. Its best known member is Ben Chifley (ALP), who was Prime Minister of Australia from 1945 to 1949.
It covers a large area west of Sydney, including the Blue Mountains, and the Hawkesbury region on Sydney's western edge. At different times it has included the city of Bathurst.
Albert Camus
Albert Camus (7 November 1913 – 4 January 1960) was a French philosopher and writer. Camus wrote novels and plays. Camus was born in Algeria, a country in North Africa. He had French parents. Camus was an existentialist philosopher. Existentialism is a philosophy that is very different from other ways of thinking. Camus won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1957.
He was the second-youngest recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature, after Rudyard Kipling, and the first African-born writer to receive the award. He is the shortest-lived of any Nobel literature laureate to date, having died in an automobile accident just over two years after receiving the award.
Early years
Albert Camus was born in Algeria to a poor working-class family. His mother was Spanish and his father was French. His father died in battle and he was left to live with his grandmother. When he was 17 he was diagnosed with tuberculosis, which was very impactful on him at that point in his life. It limited him greatly in his athletics as well as in his career opportunities, due to the fact that tuberculosis is quite contagious. For this reason he claimed that his disease “set him free” because he would have done something else with his life had he seen the opportunity. He went to the University of Algiers, where he graduated with a degree in 1935. In the 1930s, Camus became interested in politics. In 1935, Camus joined the French Communist Party, a political group. In the late 1930s, Camus was a writer for the socialist newspaper, the Alger-Republicain.
1940s
In 1941, Camus wrote his first novel, which was called The Stranger. During World War II, Camus joined the French Resistance to fight against the Nazi army. After World War II, Camus became friends with another writer named Jean-Paul Sartre. Camus and Sartre often talked about philosophy and politics in cafés (or shops that serve food, but the menu is smaller than in a restaurant)
Macon County, Alabama
Macon County was founded on December 18, 1832.
Pyrenees
The Pyrenees (Pirineus; Pyrénées; Pirineos; Pirenèus; Perinés; Pirinioak) are a range of mountains in southwest Europe that form a natural border between France and Spain. They separate the Iberian Peninsula from France, and extend for about 430 km (267 mi) from the Atlantic Ocean (Bay of Biscay) to the Mediterranean Sea (Cap de Creus).
List of colonial heads of The Gambia
This is a list of colonial administrators in The Gambia from when Fort James was created by the United Kingdom in 1815 until The Gambia's independence in 1965.
Lieutenant Governors of The Gambia (1829–1843)
In 1821, The Gambia became a British colony. A lieutenant governor was appointed in 1829. They reported to the Governor of Sierra Leone.
Governors of The Gambia (1843–1866)
Between 1843 and 1866, a governor was appointed who was independent of the Governor of Sierra Leone.
Administrators of The Gambia (1866–1901)
In 1866 the job of governor was replaced with that of an administrator who reported to the Governor of Sierra Leone.
Governors of The Gambia (1901–1965)
In 1901, an independent governor was again created.
Royapuram railway station
The Royapuram railway station is a train station at Royapuram. It is on the Chennai Beach–Arakkonam section of the Chennai Suburban Railway network in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. It is one of the oldest railway station currently functioning in India (the original structures of the two older stations, Bombay and Thane, are no longer operational). It is also the first railway station of South India.
The first train of South India started operating in June 1856 from Royapuram railway station. The station also remained the headquarters of the Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway till 1922, when the headquarters was shifted to Egmore. Since the original structures of Bombay and Thane stations no longer exist, Royapuram station remains the oldest railway station in the entire subcontinent.
List of cities in Jordan
This list of cities in Jordan shows the growth of the population in the largest cities in Jordan. The largest urban area in Jordan is Amman with a population of 1,942,066 (2004 census). About 40 percent of the country's population lives in the metropolitan area.
The table lists cities with more than 30,000 inhabitants, the name in Latin letters and in Arabic. With three population statistics, one on December 10, 1994, one in October 2004, and the last in 2015, and the governorate is also listed.
1986 State of the Union Address
Reagan was the only president to have postponed his State of the Union Address. On January 28, 1986, he planned to give his address, but after learning of the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster, he postponed it for a week and addressed the nation on the day's events. This was the only time that the State of the Union address had to be postponed because of an event.
The speech lasted for about 31 minutes and had 3,514 words. The address was broadcast live on radio and television.
The Democratic Party response was delivered by Senator George Mitchell (ME), Lt. Gov. Harriett Woods (MO), Gov. Charles Robb (VA), Rep. Thomas Daschle (SD) and Rep. William Gray (PA)
Alan White
Alan White has been the name of several people, including:
Ōkami
Ōkami (大神) is an action-adventure video game made by Clover Studio and published by Capcom for the PlayStation 2 and Wii. It is about an ancient Shinto sun Goddess named Amaterasu in a form of a white wolf. It uses cel-shaded 3D visuals.
A HD version of the game was made for PlayStation 3.
Cellulite
Cellulite is a dimpled appearance of the skin, caused by fat cells pushing against the body's connective tissue. The word "cellulite" only refers to how the skin looks, and does not describe a medical condition.
Cellulite is not related to cellulitis which is a spreading bacterial infection of the skin.
Occurrence
80-90% of women around the world are thought to have cellulite, and most doctors think that it is the "normal condition of many women". Cellulite is closely linked with female hormones such as estrogen, and rarely appears in men. Cellulite is most common on the upper legs (or thighs), buttocks and the abdomen.
List of victims of Nazism
Millions of people were arrested, tortured or murdered by the Nazis. This is a list of victims of Nazism who were famous for some reason.
This list includes people from public life who, owing to their origins, their political or religious convictions, or their sexual orientation, lost their lives as a result of Nazism. This list includes those whose deaths were part of The Holocaust as well as people who died in other ways at the hands of the Nazis during World War II. People who died in concentration camps are listed alongside those who were murdered by the National Socialists or those who chose suicide for political motives or to avoid being murdered.
Cellulite
Weight
Cellulite has little to do with weight. Both slim people and overweight ones can have cellulite.
List of victims of Nazism
This list is sorted by occupation and within by nationality.
Cellulite
Genetics
Cellulite is often hereditary, meaning that you get it from the genes passed on to you from your parents. This can mean many things because you can inherit your body type, shape, and hormonal function from your parents.
List of victims of Nazism
Music
See also: List of composers influenced by the Holocaust
Cellulite
Hormonal factors
Normal hormone functions can cause or change the appearance of cellulite. Estrogen, prolactin, thyroid hormones, and stress hormones may all play a role.
Treatment
There are lots of treatments for cellulite reduction, but none have been proven by doctors to be effective. Doctors have stated that "there is no outstanding treatment for cellulite" and that "realistically, there is no cure for cellulite."
Servant of the People
Servant of the People or Servants of the People may refer to:
Gross (unit)
1 gross is a unit of measurement, for countable items. It is equal to 12 dozen, or 144 pieces. In the same manner, a dozen gross, or 1728 items is called great gross. Small gross or great hundred is used to refer to ten dozen items. If a shop is advertizing to sell a product en gros, this means that it will sell larger quantities.
Nordertor
The Nordertor (Danish: Nørreport) is an old town gate of the city of Flensburg. The gate was built around 1595. Today, the little landmark is in use as a symbol for the German town Flensburg.
History
In 1345 the town of Flensburg began to build its town wall. A gate was built on the north side of the town. It was called Norder Porte. It was replaced by a building in the 16th century called the Nordertor. This marked the northern boundary of the town. It was a checkpoint that was closed in the night.
On the north side of the gate are two plaques. The left one shows the royal coat of arms of King Christian IV, 1577-1648 and the Latin words: „Regna Firmat Pietas“ — Piety strengthens the Realms. The right one shows the coat of arms of Flensburg with the German words: „Friede ernährt, Unfrieden verzehrt“ — Peace nurtures, strife devours. There is also a date- 1767. This means that the town gate was restored in the time of Christian VII, 1749-1808.
After 1796 the town grew beyond the town wall. There had been a ban on building outside the wall before then. The Neustadt (Newtown), in the neighborhood of the Nordertor was built. In 1913 and 1914 it was restored by the architect Paul Ziegler. The Nordertor got a clock. In 1966 the Deutsche Bundespost made a stamp with a picture of the gate on it. It was a 30 Pfennig stamp, used to send letters within Germany. The Nordertor stamps were sold over 3 billion times. In the 1990s the gate was again restored and the clock was removed. In 2004 the gate was licensed as a venue for civil weddings, so that the weddings could be performed since then directly above the archway of the gate.
Carlos Ruiz
Carlos Humberto Ruiz Gutiérrez (born 15 September 1979), nicknamed El Pescadito ("The Little Fish"), is a Guatemalan former professional footballer.
Ruiz has played for five MLS clubs (Los Angeles Galaxy, FC Dallas, Toronto FC, Philadelphia Union, and D.C. United).
He was a member of the Guatemalan national team from 1998 to 2016.
Klaus Voormann
Klaus Voormann (born April 29, 1938) is a German artist and musician. He was born and raised in Berlin. He was a friend of The Beatles. He met them when they played in Hamburg, where he was going to art school.
Kyzyl
Kyzyl (Tuvan and Кызыл) is a city in Russia. It is the capital of the Tuvan Republic. Its name comes from the Tuvan word for 'red' or 'crimson'. Population:
Klaus Voormann
Voormann designed the cover of their Revolver album, and later did cover art for The Beatles Anthology and some of George Harrison's solo records. He also played bass guitar with Manfred Mann, and on records by John Lennon, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, and their friend Harry Nilsson.
He also became a record producer, and produced the band Trio, whose biggest hit was "Da Da Da", which was used later in a Volkswagen television commercial.
Kyzyl
It used to be called Belotsarsk until 1918 and Khem-Beldyr until 1926.
Agnotology
Agnotology is a branch of science which looks at the ways in which doubt or ignorance about certain subjects is created. A very good example of how this happens is the publication of scientific studies that rely on data that is inaccurate or misleading. More generally, the term also highlights the increasingly common condition where more knowledge of a subject leaves one more uncertain than before.
The neologism was coined by Robert N. Proctor, a Stanford University professor specializing in the history of science and technology. Proctor cites the tobacco industry's conspiracy to manufacture doubt about the cancer risks of tobacco use as a very good example of how this can be done. Under the banner of science, the industry produced research about everything except tobacco hazards to exploit public uncertainty.
The way in which media attention works can be exploited to produce ignorance. Other factors that influence it are that corporations or governments do not reveal certain facts. At times, they force these facts to be removed if they have been revealed. The methods they use include censorship, destroying documents, putting the weight of certain facts differently, or being inattentive or forgetful.
Agnotology also focuses on how and why diverse forms of knowledge do not "come to be," or are ignored or delayed. For example, knowledge about plate tectonics was censored and delayed for at least a decade because key evidence was classified military information related to underseas warfare.
Spine
The spine is a column of vertebrae in the back part of the torso (upper body). It is also called the backbone or vertebral column. There is a spinal canal that runs through the length of the spine. Inside this canal is the spinal cord. Animals that have a spine are called vertebrates, and animals that do not have one are called invertebrates. Humans have a spine, so we are vertebrates. Many vertebrates, including mammals, have intervertebral discs separating the vertebrae.
Spinal canal
The spinal column has an opening called spinal canal and this opening is used for nerves. The part of the central nervous system in the spinal column is called spinal cord.
Llanito
Llanito or Yanito (pronounced ) is a form of Spanish heavily mixed with words from English and other languages, such as Ligurian; it is spoken at Gibraltar.
Petroleum product
A petroleum product is an organic compound made in oil refineries. They result from refining (changing) crude oil (also called Petroleum) into more useful products.
Well-known petroleum products include:
In addition, oil-refineries also sell other things that come from the refining process, most notably
Some Petrochemicals, including plastics, are made from petroleum products.
Ray Sullivan
Raymond J. Sullivan Jr. (January 31, 1977 – October 11, 2021) was an American Democratic politician. He was a member of the Rhode Island House of Representatives from 2005 to 2011. He was born in Providence, Rhode Island.
Sullivan died on October 11, 2021 in Providence at the age of 44.
Yann Tiersen
Yann Tiersen (born 23 June 1970) is a musician from France. He did the soundtrack songs from the movie Amélie.
Violet Brown
Violet Brown (née Mosse; 10 March 1900 – 15 September 2017) was a Jamaican supercentenarian who at the time of her death, at the age of 117 years, 218 days, was the oldest verified living person in the world from the death of Emma Morano on 15 April 2017 until her death in 5 months later.
She was also the first verified supercentenarian from Jamaica and the oldest verified Jamaican person ever. Brown was born when Jamaica was a part of the British Empire and was the last living former subject of Queen Victoria.
Life
Her date of birth was variously reported as 4 March 1900, 10 March 1900, and 15 March 1900. However, it was officially recognised as 10 March 1900 by the Guinness World Records.
Her son, Harland Fairweather (April 15, 1920 – April 19, 2017), was known as the oldest person with a parent alive.
Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo
Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo (born June 5 1942) has been the President of Equatorial Guinea since 1979. Mbasongo did the military academy in Zaragoza, Spain. He came to power in a military coup, deposing the former leader Francisco Macías Nguema. Ngema had ruled the country for the previous decade. He was known to be very cruel. Ngema was sentenced to death and executed by a firing squad. Mbasonga promised to start over and to do a better job at governing the country.
Obiang's regime kept clear authoritarian characteristics even after other parties were legalized in 1991. Most domestic and international observers consider his regime to be one of the most corrupt, ethnocentric, oppressive and undemocratic states in the world. Equatorial Guinea is now essentially a single-party state, dominated by Obiang's Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea (PDGE). In 2008 American journalist Peter Maass called Obiang Africa's worst dictator, worse than Robert Mugabe of Zimbabwe. The constitution grants Obiang wide powers, including the power to rule by decree. Nonetheless, Obiang has far less power than Macías. For the most part his rule has been considerably milder. Notably, there have been none of the atrocities that characterized the Macías era.
All but one member of the 100-seat national parliament belong to the PDGE or are aligned with it. The opposition is severely hampered by the lack of a free press to express their views. Around 90% of all opposition politicians live in exile, 550 anti-Obiang activists have been jailed unfairly, and several killed since 1979.
In July 2003, state-operated radio declared Obiang to be a god who is "in permanent contact with the Almighty" and "can decide to kill without anyone calling him to account and without going to hell." He personally made similar comments in 1993. Despite these comments, he still claims that he is a devout Catholic and was invited to the Vatican by John Paul II and again by Benedict XVI. Macías had also proclaimed himself a god.
In November 2021, Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo was appointed at his party's congress as a candidate for a sixth term in the 2023 election.
Bannalec
Bannalec (Banaleg) is a commune. It is found in the region Brittany in the Finistère department in the northwest of France.
Junagadh State
Junagadh was a princely state in Gujarat ruled by Muslim rulers in British India until it became part of India in 1948.
History
Mohammad Sher Khan Babi, a Babi Khel Pathan who owed allegiance to the Mughal governor of Gujarat subah, founded the state of Junagadh. It declared independence in 1730 after the Marathas Gaikwad invasion. Muhammad Sher Khan Babi, was the founder of the Babi Dynasty of Junagadh State dynasty. His descendants, the Babi Nawabs of Junagadh, took large territories in southern Saurashtra and ruled over the state for the next two centuries. First they were a tributary state of Marathas. Later they were under the rule of the British Raj.
In 1807 the Junagadh State became a British protectorate. The East India Company took control of the state by 1818. The Saurashtra area, with other princely states of Kathiawar, were separately administered under Kathiawar Agency by British India.
Rulers
The Nawabs of Junagadh belonged to Pathan Babi khel tribe. They were granted a 13 gun salute by the British authorities:
Dispute
Many in Pakistan still maintains the 1948 plebiscite and rule by India was an illegitimate action. One of the reasons is because Kashmir at the time was ruled by a Hindu but had a clear Muslim majority. By acceding to India it was the opposite of the situation in Junagadh.
For its part India knew Junagadh was the premier state in the western Kathiawar region. It was bound on three sides by states that acceded to India. On the fourth side was bounded by the Arabian Sea. This gave it great strategic importance to both countries. India was not prepared to accept Junagadh's acceding to Pakistan. This would create a Pakistan state in the middle of Indian states. India's taking administrative control of Junagadh to restore order is seen as a pretext by Pakistan. The referendum taken by the people of Junagadh, under the control of the Indian army, was overwhelmingly in favor of Indian rule. Pakistan has never accepted this vote by the people there and believes Junagadh rightly belongs to them.
Pakistan's legitimacy claim
Pakistan's government has maintained its territorial claim on Junagadh, along with Manavadar and Sir Creek in Gujarat, on its official political map issued on 4th August 2020.
Hayneville, Alabama
Hayneville is a town in the U.S. state of Alabama. It is the county seat of Lowndes County.
Pokémon Pinball
Pokémon Pinball (ポケモンピンボール) is a pinball video game made by Jupiter and published by Nintendo for the Game Boy Color game console. It's a pinball game based on Pokémon Red and Blue, and like those games, it requires the player to find and capture all 150 Pokémon to fill the Pokédex. It's one of the only Game Boy games that uses rumble.
In 2003, Nintendo released Pokémon Pinball: Ruby & Sapphire on the Game Boy Advance.
Aeolian Islands
The Aeolian Islands is an archipelago of seven islands, which are north of Sicilly. The islands are of volcanic origin. About 13.000 people live on the islands, which belong to Italy. The biggest of the islands is Lipari. For this reason, the islands are also known as Lipari islands. There are two active volcanoes on these islands, called Stromboli and Vulcano. Stromboli is the only volcano that is active all the time. The volcano on Vulcan is called Grande Fossa. It is dormant or slightly active. It is considered to be one of the most dangerous volcanoes in Europe. The islands have been inhabited since the Stone Age. They were important for the obsidian that can be found there.