cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Paul Rand
Early life and Education
Paul Rand was born as Peretz Rosenbaum on August 15, 1914, in Brooklyn, New York, to Jewish immigrants from Russia. He grew up in a working-class family and was the youngest of three sons. Rand showed an early interest in art and design, often drawing cartoons and designing posters for his school's events.
Papanasam taluk
Towns and villages
• Umayalpuram
• Umbalappadi
• Utharamangalam
• Valuthoor
Paul Rand
Early Career
After completing his studies at Pratt in 1932, Rand worked as a freelance designer and illustrator. He also studied at the Art Students League of New York, where he honed his skills in drawing and painting.
Rand's early influences, combined with his education in advertising and illustration, led him towards a career in graphic design. His innovative and minimalist approach to design would later make him one of the most influential designers of the 20th century."
Papanasam taluk
Towns and villages
• Veeramangudi
Feral
Examples of feral animals
The cat can easily become feral. Feral cats are pests in both rural and urban areas. They have seriously damaged bird, reptile and mammal populations. As feral cats breed quickly, it is difficult to control their populations. In rural areas, feral cats are often shot. More recently, the "Trap-Neuter-Return" method has been used as an alternate means of managing the feral cat population.
The dromedary camel, which has been domesticated for well over 3,000 years, will also readily go feral. Feral camels, descended from pack animals that escaped in the 19th and early 20th centuries, thrive in the Australian interior today.
Sheep are vulnerable to predation and injury, and do not usually survive as feral animals. However, in places where there are few predators, they get on well, for example in the case of the Soay sheep.
Water buffalo are found in the wetter parts of Western and Northern Australia. The Australian government encourages the hunting of feral water buffalo because of their large numbers.
Cattle have been domesticated since the neolithic era, but can survive for months or even years with little or no supervision. Their ancestors, the Aurochs, were quite fierce. Modern cattle, especially those raised on open range, are generally more docile, but when threatened can display aggression. Cattle, particularly those raised for beef, are often allowed to roam quite freely and have established long term independence in Australia, New Zealand and several Pacific Islands. There are small populations of semi-feral animals living the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Such cattle are called Mavericks, Scrubbers or Cleanskins. Most free roaming cattle, however untamed, are valuable and are usually rounded up in closely settled regions.
Horses and donkeys, domesticated about 5000 BCE, are feral in open grasslands worldwide (see feral horse). In Portugal, feral horses are called Sorraia; in Australia, they are called Brumbies; in the American west, they are called Mustangs. Other isolated feral populations exist, including the Chincoteague Pony and the Banker Horse. They are often referred to as "wild horses," but this is not correct. There are truly "wild" horses that have never been tamed, most notably Przewalski's Horse. While the horse was originally indigenous to North America, the wild ancestor died out at the end of the last Ice Age. In both Australia and the Americas, modern "wild" horses have come from domesticated horses brought by European explorers and settlers that escaped, spread, and thrived.
The pig has feral populations all over the world, including Australia, New Zealand, the United States, New Guinea and the Pacific Islands. Pigs were introduced to the Melanesian and Polynesian regions by humans from several thousand to five hundred years ago, and to Australia and the Americas within the past 500 years. While pigs were brought to New Zealand by the original Polynesian settlers, this population had become extinct by the time of European settlement. All feral pigs in New Zealand today have come from European farm animals. Many European wild boar populations are also come from escaped domestic pigs and are technically feral animals, although they live in the native range of the ancestral species.
Rock doves are kept for their meat or as racing animals, and have established feral populations (called "feral pigeons") in cities worldwide.
Colonies of honey bees often escape into the wild. Their behavior, however, is no different from their behavior "in captivity", until and unless they breed with other feral honey bees of a different genetic stock, which may lead them to become more docile or more aggressive (see Africanized bees).
Large populations of feral parrots are present in various parts of the world. The Rose-ringed Parakeets, Monk Parakeets and Red-masked Parakeets (subject of the documentary movie, The Wild Parrots of Telegraph Hill) being particularly successful outside of their native habitats and adapting well to suburban environments.
Ecological impact
A feral population can damage an ecosystem by eating vulnerable plants or animals, or by competition with indigenous species. Feral plants and animals are often invasive species, and can be a threat to endangered species.
Genetic pollution
Domestic animals can breed with native, wild animals. This interbreeding can threaten the existence of the original wild population. Examples include the mallard duck, wild boar, the rock dove or pigeon, the Red Junglefowl (Gallus gallus) (ancestor of all chickens), carp, and salmon. Another example is the dingo, itself an early feral dog, which interbreeds with dogs of other origin. However it is unlikely that this will harm the ecosystems in which these dogs live and some regard the importance of this phenomenon as disputable. In some cases like rabbits, the interbreeding seems not to be noticed. There is much debate over the effect of interbreeding on changes to the genes of a wild species.
Economic harm
Feral animals compete for food with domestic livestock. They may damage fences, water sources, and vegetation (by overgrazing or introducing seeds of invasive plants). Though hotly disputed, some cite as an example the competition between feral horses and cattle in the western United States. Another example is of goats competing with cattle in Australia, or goats that damage trees and vegetation in environmentally-stressed regions of Africa. Accidental crossbreeding by feral animals may result in harm to breeding programs of pedigreed animals. Their presence may also excite domestic animals and push them to escape. Feral populations can also pass on diseases to domestic herds.
Economic benefits
Many feral animals can sometimes be captured at little cost and are therefore an important economic resource. Throughout most of Polynesia and Melanesia feral pigs are the main sources of animal protein. Prior to the Free-roaming Wild Horse and Burro Protection Act of 1971, American mustangs were often captured and sold for horsemeat. In Australia feral goat, pig and camel meat is exported. At certain times, animals were sometimes deliberately left to go feral, typically on islands, in order to be later recovered for profit or food use for travelers (particularly sailors) at the end of a few years.
Scientific value
Scientists can study populations of feral animals to learn about population dynamics, ecology and behavior (ethology) in a wild state of species known mainly in a domestic state. This can give useful information for farmers.
Genetic diversity
Feral populations sometimes have or develop characteristics which do not always exist in the fully domesticated equivalent. This helps domestic biodiversity and often deserves to be preserved, be it in their feral environment or as domestic animals. For example, feral species that are usually subjects of eradication in certain habitats could become the subject of study to determine if there is a need for their preservation.
Cultural or historic value
American Mustangs have been protected since 1971 in part due to their romance and connection to the history of the American West.
Marboz
Marboz is a commune. It is found in the region Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in the Ain department in the east of France.
John Forzani
John Forzani (April 5, 1947 – October 31, 2014) was a Canadian businessman, former Canadian Football League (CFL) player, and CFL team owner. He was the Chairman and co-founder of the Forzani Group. He was born in Calgary, Alberta. In 1971, he joined the Calgary Stampeders as an offensive lineman and was part of the winning team of the 59th Grey Cup. He played football until 1976.
Tennessee Titans
The Tennessee Titans are a professional American football team in Nashville, Tennessee. They are currently part of the South Division of the American Football Conference (AFC) in the National Football League (NFL). They used to be known as the Houston Oilers, and played in Houston, Texas. The team was started in 1960 as a charter member of the American Football League (AFL). The Oilers won two AFL championships before joining the NFL as part of the AFL-NFL Merger.
The team moved to the state of Tennessee in 1997. They played in Memphis for one season before moving to Nashville. For two seasons, the team was known as the Tennessee Oilers. They changed their name to the Titans in 1999.
Hank Hill
Hank Rutherford Hill (born April 15, 1953) is a fictional character in the television series, King of the Hill. He lives in Arlen, Texas with his wife Peggy and his son Bobby. He was named one of the wisest people on television by The Economist. He suffers from Diminished Gluteal Syndrome (DGS) which is a fictional genetic disorder. He works at Strickland Propane and sells propane and propane accessories. He was born in the women's bathroom of Yankee Stadium in The Bronx, New York which he was horrified to find out. His father's name is Cotton who was a World War II veteran who had his shins "blowed off by a Japanman's machine gun" in combat, and had his feet attached to his knees, he has a Japanese half brother named Junichiro, and his cousin is the bassist and vocalist for ZZ Top, Dusty Hill. He is usually seen hanging out with his friends Dale, Bill and Boomhauer.
Breaking and Entering (movie)
Breaking and Entering is a 2006 British American romantic crime drama movie directed by Anthony Minghella and starring Jude Law, Juliette Binoche, Robin Wright, Ray Winstone, Anna Chancellor, Martin Freeman. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
The Duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld was one of the Ernestine duchies. Ernest, who became elector of Saxony in 1464, divided his territory between his sons, andover the years more and more small duchies existed.
Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld was reformed on 29 July 1735, although Coburg and Saalfeld had had the same ruler since 1699. As only men could be the rulers of the duchies, Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld ceased to exist in 1825, when the last male descendant of the dukes of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg died. The various dukes reorganised their territories. Saalfeld went the dukes of Saxe-Meiningen, Altenburg went to the Duke of Saxe-Hildburgausen, who gave Hildburghausen to the Duke of Saxe-Meiningen. Gotha and Coburg were combined into the new duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.
Antigone
Antigone may mean:
Mumps
Mumps is a viral disease. Only humans get it. Some of the most commons symptoms are fever, headaches, swelling of the parotoid glands, sore throat, and orchitis (which means swelling of the testicles).
Mumps can be diagnosed by the increase in alpha amylase isoenzymes in blood plasma.
The MMR vaccine stops measles, mumps and rubella.
hence we can say that mumps can be prevented by MMR vaccination
Barrinha
Barrinha is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil founded on December 30, 1953. The population is 32,465 as of 2022 in an area of 146 km². The elevation is 505 m.
Communes of the Seine-Maritime department
The following is a list of the 745 communes of the Seine-Maritime département, in France.
(CAR) Communauté d'agglomération Rouennaise, created in 2000.
(CAH) Communauté d'agglomération Havraise, created in 2001.
(CAE) Communauté d'agglomération Elbeuf-Boucle de Seine, created in 2000.
(CAD) Communauté d'agglomération de la région Dieppoise, created in 2003.
Ugni
Ugni is a genus of plants of the myrtle family (Myrtaceae). Four species belong to this genus, all from western America.
Roissy-en-France
Roissy-en-France is a commune. It is in Île-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north France. The commune is in the northeastern suburbs of Paris, 20.7 km from the center. In 2019, 2,833 people lived there.
The Charles de Gaulle Airport is in the commune and is commonly referred to as Roissy Airport.
Ugni
Description
They are small evergreen shrubs. The leaves are simple, entire, opposite, elliptical; they are 1–2 cm long and 0.2-2.5 cm broad, dark green, and with a spicy scent if broken into many small pieces.
Name
The name comes from Uñi with which the Mapuches (native people from south-central Chile and southwestern Argentina) name the fruits of the best known species of the genus, Ugni molinae.
The genus was formerly often included in either Myrtus or Eugenia; it is distinguished from these two genera by the hanging flowers with stamens shorter than the petals.
The Russian botanist Nicolai Stepanowitsch Turczaninow created the genus Ugni in 1849.
Where it grows
All species of this genus are found in western South and Central America, native from southern Mexico to central southern Chile and Argentina.
Species
There are four species in this genus:'
Uses
Ugni molinae is grown as an ornamental plant and for its edible fruits; these fruits are also used to make jams.
Bell P-63 Kingcobra
The Bell P-63 Kingcobra is a US fighter aircraft of World War II. It is a modernized variant of the P-39 Aircobra. Refused by the USA and UK, it was used by Free France and the USSR as a fighter-bomber. After the war some were used by Honduras. More than 3300 examples were built between 1943 and 1945.
Lieutenant colonel
Lieutenant colonel  is a rank of commissioned officer in the armies, most marine forces and some air forces of the world. It typically ranks above a major and below a colonel. The rank of lieutenant colonel is often shortened to simply "colonel" in conversation and in unofficial correspondence. A lieutenant colonel is typically in charge of a battalion in the army.
Marchamp
Marchamp is a commune. It is found in the region Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in the Ain department in the east of France.
Shoji Yamada
Shoji Yamada (born 6 December 1984) is a former Japanese football player.
Club career statistics
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Fingerprint scanner
Fingerprint scanners are security systems of biometrics. They are used to unlock doors and in other security applications. During the 2010s fingerprint scanners became commonplace on mobile phone s.
People have a pattern of ridges on their fingers. This fingerprint cannot be removed or changed. Every fingerprint is different from any other in the world. Because there are countless combinations, fingerprints are much used for identification.
Optical reflexive
They are based on the oldest technique, that consists of placing your finger on a glass surface or a prism that is illuminated by a led diode. When the ridges of fingerprints touch the surface, the light is absorbed, while between these crests a total reflection occurs. The resulting light and dark areas are recorded in an image sensor.
In practice there are some difficulties with this technique: wet and dry fingers make very different images, and the system is sensitive to dust and dirt on the surface. The unit is large and expensive. This system is also easy to cheat and if the skin is damaged, the fingerprint is not recognized correctly. The recognition of the fingerprint of older people is also difficult to do because their skin may not be elastic enough. In some circumstances this may result in false recognition. If the stored fingerprint was taken with less pressure, false acceptances may occur.
Capacitive
The sensor is a silicon integrated circuit with a surface that is covered by a large number of transducer elements (or pixels), with a typical resolution of 500 dpi. Each element contains two adjacent metal electrodes. The capacitance between the electrodes, which forms a feedback path for an inverting amplifier, is reduced when the finger is applied to said surface: it is further reduced when it detects ridges and less reduced when it detects the space between them.
Independence, Kansas
Independence is a city in and the county seat of Montgomery County, Kansas, United States. In 2010, the 9,483 people lived there. It was named after the Declaration of Independence.
Fingerprint scanner
Mechanical
It consists of tens of thousands of tiny pressure transducers that are mounted on the surface of the sensor. An alternative design uses switches that are closed when pressed by a ridge, but that stay open when they are under a valley. This only provides one bit of information per pixel, instead of working with a gray scale.
Independence, Kansas
Geography
Independence is along the Verdigris River. It is just south of its confluence with the Elk River. The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of 7.75 sqmi. Of that, 7.74 sqmi is land and 0.01 sqmi is water.
Climate
Independence has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa). It has hot and humid summers, and it has cold winters.
2010 census
The 2010 census says that there were 9,483 people, 3,950 households, and 2,430 families living in Independence.
Fingerprint scanner
Dynamic output
Most of the sensors described have been altered in the past. To avoid this, a new operating mode has been added. Instead of simply placing your finger statically on the sensor, the finger moves slowly along it. The sensor only has a narrow sensitive area, and generates a complete sequence of images, which can be reassembled, by means of a processor, in a complete image. The benefits are improved appreciably and the elimination of any residual grease is guaranteed.
Use
The most important use area is in access control for computers. This is especially important for laptops and PDAs. Thanks to the price falling, more and more devices are equipped with sensors. Other devices with built-in fingerprint sensors include USB hard drives, USB memory modules and card readers. They are also available in mice and keyboards.
Sensors are increasingly used to secure financial transactions and change machines for "online" banking. In the future, the owner's fingerprint will be stored securely on identity cards and credit cards and may also be used for authentication of emails using digital signatures.
Direct physical access to rooms and devices can also be ensured by coupling fingerprint sensors with door opening systems.
Construction forms
There are two construction forms: the stagnant and the moving fingerprint scanner.
Emi Nakajima
Emi Nakajima (中島 依美) is a Japanese football player. She plays for the Japan national team.
Biography
Nakajima was born in Yasu on September 27, 1990. After graduating from Yasu High School, she joined INAC Kobe Leonessa in 2009. The club won Nadeshiko League championship for 3 years in a row (2011-2013). She was also selected Best Eleven in 2013 and 2017.
Nakajima was included in Norio Sasaki's the Japan U-20 national team squad for the 2010 U-20 World Cup in Germany. She appeared in all three matches and scoring one goal in a 3–1 win against England, as Japan were eliminated in the group stage. Nakajima received her first cap for the senior team against United States on May 14, 2011. On July 10, 2013, she was called up to the 2013 East Asian Cup in South Korea. She scored her first goal on July 20 in a 2–0 win against China in the first East Asian Cup final round match. In 2014, she played at 2014 Asian Cup and 2014 Asian Games. Japan won the championship at Asian Cup and the 2nd place at Asian Games. In 2018, she played at 2018 Asian Cup and Japan won their second consecutive title. In 2019, she was selected Japan for 2019 World Cup.
Blisland
Blisland is a village and parish in Cornwall, United Kingdom. It is about five miles northeast of Bodmin. According to the 2001 census, the parish had a population of 565.
The parish is rural in character, the northeast being moorland and the southwest lower lying farmland. The parish is bordered to the north by St Breward parish; to the west by St Mabyn and Helland parishes; to the south by Cardinham, Warleggan, and St Neot parishes; and to the northeast by Altarnun parish.
Fattoush
Fattoush (Arabic: فتوش) is a Lebanese salad. It includes toasted or fried pieces of pita bread, combined with chopped raw vegetables. A sauce with a slightly sour taste is put on the salad.
Killer app
A killer app is a term used for a video game which makes people want to buy the console it is played on. People will get the console just so they can play that game.
Lotfollah Safi Golpaygani
Grand Ayatollah Lotfollah Safi Golpaygani (February 20, 1919 – February 1, 2022) was one of the most senior Twelver Shia Marja. He was a supporter of the Islamic revolution in Iran.
In 2012 he became widely known for his fatwa calling for the death of rapper Shahin Najafi for apostasy.
Golpaygani died in Qom, Iran on 1 February 2022 from cardiac arrest at the age of 102.
List of cities in Tamil Nadu by population
The following are the cities in the state of Tamil Nadu, India, which have a population of 1 lakh and above (city / corporation area only). This list is based on the 2011 census conducted by Government of India.
Canton of Capellen
History
On 1 January 2012, the communes of Bascharage and Clemency were combined to make the new commune of Käerjeng.
Geography
With an area of 199.2 km2, and a population (2017) of 47,209, the Capellen canton has a population density of inhabitants/km².
The canton has the Redange canton to the north, the Mersch canton to northeast, the Luxembourg canton to the east and the Esch-sur-Alzette canton to the south. The canton borders, to the west, the arrondissement of Arlon in Belgium.
Communes
The Capellen canton consists of the following 10 communes (2017 population).
Tatsuyuki Okuyama
Tatsuyuki Okuyama (born 30 January 1976) is a former Japanese football player.
Ronquerolles
Ronquerolles is a commune. It is in Île-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north France.
Garlic knot
Garlic knots are a type of bread with garlic. They are usually found in pizza places around New York City and in other places in the area. They were first made in 1973 by people who wanted to use pastry left over from cooking pizza.
Corpus callosum
The corpus callosum is part of the brain in humans and other eutherian mammals. It is the largest connective pathway in the brain. Its over 200 million nerve fibers connect the left and right hemispheres of the brain.
The corpus callosum relates to the lateralization of brain function. Because the two side of the brain communicate so intensively, they can afford to specialise in doing somewhat different things.
Only in higher mammals
Other groups do have brain structures that allow for communication between the two hemispheres. The anterior commissure serves as the main cross-hemisphere communication in marsupials.
The fibrous bundle of the corpus callosum increases to such an extent in humans that it wedges apart the hippocampal structures.
Marsonnas
Marsonnas is a commune. It is found in the region Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in the Ain department in the east of France.
Emergency medical services
Emergency medical services (EMS), also known as ambulance services or paramedic services, are agencies that deal with medical emergencies, mostly by sending ambulances to help people who are severely ill or injured. Their job is to treat those people at the scene and to take them to a hospital if needed. The staff of the ambulances are known most often as paramedics. Some ambulances have staff with more basic training, known as "emergency medical technicians", while others have doctors with advanced training.
The exact role of the emergency medical services varies by country. In some countries like the US and UK, their job is seen as bringing the patients to treatment. Until the 1970s, their ambulances carried patients to hospital and gave them little medical care. Since then, paramedics have been trained to give some medical care before they get to hospital. Other countries like France and Germany run them in a different way, where their job is seen as bringing treatment to the patients. In those countries, doctors work on ambulances and they try to treat patients at the scene rather than take them to hospital.
The type of organization that provides emergency medical services also varies by country. This may be:
Lemma (mathematics)
In mathematics, a lemma is a "mini-proof"; a small hypothesis which is proved and then provides a part of a more important theorem.
Leah Bracknell
Leah Bracknell (born Alison Rosalind Bracknell 12 July 1964 – September 2019) was an English actress. She was best known for her role as Zoe Tate in Emmerdale. She was also a teacher with the British School of Yoga and designs and produces her own line of jewelry.
In October 2016, Bracknell revealed that she was suffering from terminal lung cancer. She died from the disease at her Worthing home in September 2019, aged 55.
Azerbaijani people
The Azerbaijanis, (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycanlılar) Azerbaijani Turks, Azeri Turks, or Azeris (Azerbaijani: Azərilər) are a Turkic people living mainly in the Republic of Azerbaijan and Iranian Azerbaijan. A small minority also live in southern Dagestan in Russia.
After the Russo-Persian War (1804–1813) and Russo-Persian War (1826–1828), the land of the Iranian Qajar dynasty in the Caucasus were given to the Russian Empire which makes up the present territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Lands which Iran kept are now known as Iranian Azerbaijan. Even though they live on two sides of an international border, the Azerbaijanis are a single ethnic group. However, northerners and southerners differ due to nearly two centuries of separate social evolution of Iranian Azerbaijanis and Russian/Soviet-influenced Azerbaijan. The Azerbaijani language unifies Azerbaijanis, and is mutually intelligible with Turkmen, Qashqai, Gagauz, Turkish, and the dialects spoken by the Iraqi Turkmen, all of which belong to the Oghuz, or Western, group of Turkic languages. The Azerbaijanis are mostly Shia Muslim.
Ghiyas ud din Balban
Ghiyas ud din Balban was a famous and one of the most powerful sultans of the Delhi Sultanate of India. The real name of Ghiyas-ud-din Balban was Ulugh Khan. His famous titles were Nabāb-e-Khudā (Acolyte of God), Jhil-e-Ellāhi (Shadow of God), Khudā-e-Vandgār (Devotee of God). Ghiyas-ud-din was the 2nd sultan of the Mamluk dynasty which ruled the Delhi Sultanate. He ruled Delhi from 1266AD to 1286AD.
During his reign, he appointed a spying agency called "Barid". Amir Khusrau (poet) came to India during the reign of Sultan Ghiyas-ud-din Balban. Later Amir Khusrau become a famous court poet of Ala-ud-din Khalji. Some poems Amir Khusrau made are Kiran-ush-Sadin and Tughlaq Nama. Amir Khusrau was also known as the Parrot of India. Balban enforced some laws such as "Sizada" (penalization) and "Paibas" (kissing the throne). Balban created the first military department of the Delhi Sultanate. It was called "Dewan-e-Arz".
After the death of Sultan Iltutmish, Rukn-ud-din Firoz had been the ruler of the Delhi Sultanate. In 1236, Razia Sultana had become the Sultana of the Delhi Sultanate until she was killed by Balban.After Death of
Razia Sultan in 1240 Ghiyas ud din Balban become the sultan of Delhi
Hans Lodder
Hans Lodder (born 1945) is a former Dutch volleyball. He was a member of the Dutch national team playing about 150 matches. Lodder played as a defender and had a strong block.
After his playing career he moved to Nigeria Expanding beer breweries, including for Heineken and founded DHV Consultants Nigeria Limited.
Volleyball
Lodder lived in Hoogeveen and attended Hogere Burgerschool. He moved to Groningen and attended from 1960 the Hogere technische school (HTS). After moving to Groningen he started playing volleyball with Oranje-Nassau (and also played for the college volleyball team CVL of the Hogere technische school (HTS) ). After playing for half a year in the second division team of Oranje Bassau, he became a substitute for the main team. When Oranje Nassau promoted to the highest league (Eredivisie), Lodder became member of the team.
Next to Oranje Nassau, Lodder became a member of the national team in the B-division at the end of 1963. He made his debut for the Dutch national team in 1965; and played next to it with the junior national team. He played for the national teams in around 150 matches.
Lodder helped, together with Piet Swieter, Oranje-Nassau becoming one of the best Dutch teams. Altough the success with the club, he started playing with AMJV in 1967, started working in Amersfoort and lived in Leusden. He was two year captain of AMJV. After these two years he couldn’t play volleyball for a while due to a nerve infection in his arm. After his recovery he couldn’t reach his old level, due to his time consuming job at the consultancy and engineering firm DHV. Lodder retired from volleyball in 1971 and moved for his work to Nigeria.
Beer breweries in Nigeria
Working forward for DHV, Lodder was commissioned between 1971 and 1974 by beer brewery Heineken to coordinate and supervise the civil work of the expansion of the Heineken brewery in Lagos. In that period he was also asked to help with the expansions of two other breweries. As new brewery was planned in Ibadan in 1974, Lodder suggested that DHV set up a local office in Nigeria to have the detailed engineering carried out there, in addition to the preliminary and final design by DHV Netherlands. His proposal was approved and in 1975 he founded DHV Consultants Nigeria Limited and managed the firm until 1978.
Awards
Lodder was awarded by the Nederlandse Volleyball Bond a silver federation pin.
Monarch
A monarch is the ruler of a country which is a monarchy. Monarchs usually get their power by inheritance from one of their parents. When a monarch dies, a child or the nearest relative takes over. A male monarch is usually called a king or emperor. A female monarch is usually called a queen or empress.
Monarchs were very common in history until the 20th century. Most European countries had monarchs in past centuries, but most no longer have them. Some countries that still have monarchs have other leaders with the actual power. Most monarchies are hereditary monarchies. Some countries, however, elect their monarch, instead of using inheritance, like the Holy Roman Empire and Malaysia. Some republics, such as the Dutch Republic or North Korea, had or have a hereditary ruler but do not call him a "monarch".
Monarchs can also have monarchs of lower honour below them. For example, an empire could include several kingdoms, and a kingdom could have several duchies or principalities. Nations would rarely include all titles and usually go from duchy to kingdom instead of duchy to principality to kingdom. "Prince" and " princess" are words that mean "ruler of a principality" and/or "son of a king/queen." Some languages have separate words for them.
Unitary
Unitary may be:
Civilian Conservation Corps
The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) was started by Franklin D. Roosevelt during the Great Depression. The CCC gave young men jobs such as fighting forest fires, digging ditches, and planting trees. The CCC paid these men about thirty dollars a month. At first, it was planned to get men out of the cities, but more men came from small towns and rural areas.
Jorginho (footballer, born 1964)
Jorginho (born 17 August 1964) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team.
International career statistics
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Ultra Series
The Ultra Series (ウルトラシリーズ) is the name for all the shows produced by Tsuburaya Productions featuring Ultraman, his many Kyodai (Brothers), and the countless number of ultra beings and the Ultra Monsters. The Ultra Series is one of the tokusatsu superhero productions from Japan, along with Kamen Rider, Super Sentai, and the Metal Hero Series.
Introduction Of Ultraman
Ultraman is a Seijin from the Land of Light M-78. Many Ultramen are usually red and silver (although several different colored ultra's have been seen in recent years, most of them are blue colored) and have glowing yellow eyes (except for red warriors) and they have many abilities, most of them are to fire energy beams from many positions of crossed hands. The Ultra beings’ main weakness is that they can only stay on Earth in giant form for a small time, usually not longer than three minutes, because of the small amount of energy supply (Earth's atmosphere decreases the solar energy). This is marked by a blue light on the character's body usually called the Color Timer (but Ultraseven, 21, Nexus Anphans, and Next did not have a color timer) or "warning light," which begins to blink red with increase in blinking as his energy supply goes down (and turns from grey to red) but Red warriors like Ultraseven had an orb on his head instead of a Color Timer. During this time the Ultra beings must either find a way to recharge or finish the fight as soon as possible, or forced to turn to human form, or worse, certain death. Sometimes some Ultra Warriors take them back to their home planet or when reflected sun rays by the mirrors on his color timer might charge them up. Some say another reason for Ultraman to recharge is because the Earth is badly polluted by humans, so Ultraman only has three minutes on Earth, but can survive long enough in outer space. The time limit only happens inside the Earth's atmosphere but they have none of those problems in outer space. In this case, Ultramen are almost always merged with a human host or create a human form for themselves in order to survive on Earth, more often than not reviving a recently dead person with their own lifeforce (Hikari did not revive the dead person but he controlled him). Ultra beings' also appear to be nearly immpossible to be permanently killed, as several times an Ultra being has been killed only to be revived by another member of their species. In other cases a large enough amount of energy can be provided to bring them back to life, usually provided by their human allies, even after being completely destroyed, as was the case with Mebius, death at the hands of Empera Seijin, only to be revived shortly thereafter by the life energy of his allies.
The Ultramen always try to avoid battles in a place where there are innocent people near them and try to cause the least amount of destruction as possible, from the side effects of their fights when fighting in the city, when and if they can not; a city like Tokyo would be destroyed.
The History
Ultra Q was originally the first Ultra Series but it featured any of the Ultras without monsters and came Ultraman. It was followed by many other series. Productions after the original series are: Ultraseven (1967, TBS), Return of Ultraman (1971, TBS), Ultraman Ace (1972, TBS), Ultraman Taro (1973, TBS), Ultraman Leo (1974, TBS), Ultraman 80 (1980, TBS), Ultraman Tiga (1996, MBS), Ultraman Dyna (1997, MBS), Ultraman Gaia (1998, MBS), and Ultraman Cosmos (2001, MBS). Recently the studio tried bringing back the stories of the hero through the "Ultra N Project," which involved three heroes: Ultraman Noa (the "mascot" of the Ultra N Project, who appears in stage shows as well as the final episode of Ultraman Nexus) in 2003, Ultraman Nexus (2004, CBC), and ULTRAMAN (2004, Shochiku Productions). This was followed by a return to past-style series in the form of Ultraman Max (2005, CBC). In the course of Max series, another new hero known as Ultraman Xenon was also introduced. April 2006 saw the 40th anniversary series, Ultraman Mebius, a rookie who will defeat the emperor of all Ultra Monsters, the Empera Seijin which will create a connection between the Ultra Kyodai. Another hero was also introduced: Ultraman Hikari, formerly known as Hunter Knight Tsurugi. Some series like Tiga, Dyna, Gaia, and Mebius had Gaidens (Side Stories). Tiga, Dyna, and Gaia had only one Gaiden for each but Mebius had 3 Gaidens. First featured during the story of Hikari before and after coming and leaving the earth. The second series featured the story after the final episode of Ultraman Mebius. The third featured about the events that happened before the events of the movie Mega Monster Battle: Ultra Galaxy Legend.
The series has also been in the movie theaters, starting with Ultraman Zearth and Ultraman Zearth 2, Ultraman Tiga: The Final Odyssey, released in 2000, as well as ULTRAMAN, a movie that opened in December 2004. The direct to video (releasing in market than in theaters) market also saw the release of Ultraman Neos in 2000, as well as special features for Ultraman Tiga, Dyna, and Gaia, who have teamed up in theatrical features (Tiga and Dyna once, as well as the three of them all together). The Ultraman Mebius and Ultra Brothers movie opened in September 2006.
Foreign productions include the 1987 Hanna-Barbera co-production Ultraman: The Adventure Begins (in Japanese, Ultraman USA), an animated movie; Ultraman: Towards The Future (in Japanese, Ultraman Great), an Australian 1991 production and Ultraman: The Ultimate Hero (in Japanese, Ultraman Powered), produced in the United States in 1993. Ultraman series have also been dubbed into many languages, including English, Spanish (only Ultra Q, the original Ultraman, Ultra Seven, Return of Ultraman, Ultraman Great & Ultraman Tiga were known to be translated into Spanish), Portuguese (Ultraman, Ultraseven, Return of Ultraman and Ultraman Tiga [in Brazil]), Korean, Malay, Mandarin and Cantonese. Also of note is the American English dubbed version of Ultraman Tiga by 4Kids Entertainment that aired in 2002. The dubbed version considerably removed the nature of the character and general mood of the series, and possibly as a result it achieved only little success. An episode of the Hoshi no Kirby anime series ("Kirby: Right Back at Ya" in America) contains an Ultraman reference, leading to the possibility that "Tiga" may have only been licensed in order to explain the reference (both shows debuted on the same day).
In 1993, Tsuburaya Productions and Toei Company co-produced Ultraman vs. Kamen Rider, a connection with the original Ultraman and Toei's Kamen Rider Ichigo. This direct to video feature is co-copyrighted by both Toei (and its members, Toei Video and Ishimori Productions) and Tsuburaya Productions.
Basic shows
An asterisk * denotes shows (or movies) that has no Ultramen.
OVT (Original Video Tokusatsu)
1999 Ultra Seven Series
2001 Heisei Ultraman Side Stories
2002 Ultra Seven Series
"Digital Ultra" Japanese DVD Release
In Japan, there have been several box sets that were released which would each contain a particular Ultra series. As of now, there are only four such box sets. The sets were released as part of the Digital Ultra movement where the shows would be re released with digital remastering.
The following are the series which have been released as such:
Licensing rights dispute
Ultraman's licensing rights outside of Japan have been the subject of a long legal dispute between Tsuburaya Productions and Chaiyo Productions (also called Tsuburaya Chaiyo Co Ltd) based in Thailand. Tsuburaya had previously worked together with Chaiyo on the production of two movies, The 6 Ultra Brothers vs. the Monster Army and Jumborg Ace & Giant—the latter of which featured another Tsuburaya superhero, Jumborg Ace—in 1974. Sompote Saengduenchai, founder/president of Chaiyo Productions, claimed and maintained that in 1976, the late Noboru Tsuburaya, Eiji's son, who had died in 1995, had given him and his company a contract which had given him rights to everything Ultraman outside Japanese territories in exchange for a monetary loan.
In anger of the reason that the document failed to state clearly and exactly what had been given to Tsuburaya in exchange for these rights, Japanese and Thai courts accepted this contract as real and bonding, because of the supposed hanko of the late Noboru Tsuburaya in the document. Tsuburaya Productions insisted and maintained that the contract was a fraud (due to some errors, including the some titles of the series in the document, such as Ultra Q being called "Ultraman 1: Ultra Q," Ultra Seven being called "Ultraman 3: Ultraman Seven," and Tsuburaya Productions being called "Tsuburaya Prod. and Enterprises," a name the company never did business under), and repeatedly opposed the issue.
In the course of the legal battle, Sompote presented photos of himself sharing his photos of Thai Buddhist stating that Eiji had based Ultraman's face on the said structure, a claim which he has continued to hold since the dispute began. No other proof supporting this claim was known to exist.
After an 8-year battle in the courts of both countries, Sompote Saengduenchai was awarded a favorable decision on April 27, 2004. The exact ruling fell into some dispute: Some said it only gave him selling rights for the first six Ultra Series (Ultra Q through Ultraman Taro) and Jumborg Ace outside Japan, and broadcasting rights of said shows within Thailand. Other accounts, usually reported in the Thai/Asian media, said that Chaiyo had got the rights to those six shows everywhere outside Japan. The dispute could be taken as Chaiyo's side of the story, as Tsuburaya was reported in the Japanese media to continue taking more action against them.
Martignat
Martignat is a commune. It is found in the region Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in the Ain department in the east of France.
Ultra Series
Licensing rights dispute
Tsuburaya decided not to market any of the disputed six Ultra Series outside Japan until it had completely settled the rights cases with Chaiyo, although the company continued to sell all of the Ultraman programs created after Ultraman Taro, including the theatrical feature Ultraman the Next, throughout the world. Because of the copyright dispute, sending literature on Ultraman into Singapore and Malaysia was stopped. It also resulted in a slow coming down against Thai Ultraman fans, who were assumed to be outright Chaiyo supporters.
In 2005 the American company BCI Eclipse announced they had acquired the DVD rights to the original Ultraman from Chaiyo. A 3-disc box set containing the first 20 episodes of the series was released on July 18, 2006, and a second 3-disc box set containing the remaining 19 episodes was released on November 7, 2006. Both sets feature the original Japanese dialogue track as well as the English dubbed version produced by United Artists for North American people. At certain times, the English dialogue track changed to the Japanese dialogue for small time. This was because BCI had used audio from older recordings in which many scenes had to be cut or shortened for the American broadcast in order to fit running time. Tsuburaya Productions still held on to the complete original English dubbing materials, which they had obtained from a warehouse in 1997, and refused to provide them for BCI. (Contrary to BCI's statements, the original English dubs were complete and uncut, except for a small cut in the conclusion of Episode 36, "Gift From The Sky.")
Gaza flotilla raid
The Gaza flotilla raid is an event that occurred on 31 May 2010. It was in the international waters of the Mediterranean Sea, when Israeli naval forces seized an aid flotilla of six ships carrying 663 or 682 pro-Palestinian activists from 37 nations, known as the "Gaza Freedom Flotilla". The activists were trying to breach the blockade of Gaza and deliver humanitarian supplies. During the event, Israeli military forces seized a convoy of six ships carrying goods which should be brought to the Palestinian territories in the form of aid. There were 663-682 people on board these ships. The ships were headed to the port of Gaza. Israel had offered them to land at a different port, so that the aid could be inspected, but the crew had declined this offer. During the incident, at least nine people were killed.
Ultra Series
Licensing rights dispute
During the time of the legal battle, Chaiyo created three of their own Ultras: Ultraman Millennium, Dark Ultraman (an evil Ultra), and Ultraman Elite. These were not used for other reasons than stage shows and for selling. Chaiyo also created a TV series he called "Project Ultraman," un-aired as of late March 2008, a joint project in China featuring his own Ultraman and attaching Hong Kong star, Ekin Cheng to the project.
Gaza flotilla raid
The regional overview
The Gaza strip is part of Palestine. It is amongst the most densely populated areas on Earth. About 1.5 million people live on a surface of roughly 493 km².
Ultra Series
Licensing rights dispute
On August 23, 2006, Tsuburaya Productions created a new law for ultraman's right against Chaiyo for copyright (concerning their three original Ultraman characters), and the court case was taken to China. The Chinese courts in Beijing opened "The Ultraman Copyright Study Group" in response to the law for ultraman's right. In April 2007, the Thailand Intellectual Property Court ruled in favor of Tsuburaya Productions, ordering Chaiyo to stop making commercial profits from Chaiyo produced Ultraman characters such as Millennium, Dark, and Elite. The supporters (except for fans) were also fined THB 15,000,000 (approx. JPY 50,904,959 or USD 428,673.50 c. April 2007) plus interest and attorneys' fees. "Project Ultraman" went on a break as a result of the ruling, which said that even if Chaiyo owned the right to some of the Ultraman series, it did not own the right to Ultraman and his brothers, including the design. Chaiyo gained permission to sell the original series, but lost the right to create and market its own Ultraman, or even use the original, without Tsuburaya permission.