cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
The End (Beatles song)
Composition and recording
"The End" was at first intended to be the final track on Abbey Road, but it is followed by "Her Majesty". In the first practice mix, "Her Majesty" followed "Mean Mr. Mustard" (on the released version of the album, "Her Majesty" begins with the excised final chord of "Mean Mr. Mustard"). According to sound engineer John Kurlander, McCartney said, "I don't like 'Her Majesty,' throw it away." Kurlander cut it out, but said, "I'd been told never to throw anything away, so after he left I picked it up off the floor, put about 20 seconds of red leader tape before it, and stuck it onto the end of the edit tape." When McCartney heard "Her Majesty" in its new position he liked it and decided that it should remain on the album.
Reception
Richie Unterberger of Allmusic said that "The End" was to be "the group's take on the improvised jamming common to heavy rock of the late '60s, though as usual the Beatles did it with far more economic precision than anyone else." John Mendelsohn of Rolling Stone said it was "a perfect epitaph for our visit to the world of Beatle daydreams: "The love you take is equal to the love you make.".
List of census-designated places in Louisiana
This article lists census-designated places (CDPs) in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2010 census, there were a total of 169 census-designated places in Louisiana.
Stephen Synnott
Stephen P. Synnott is an American astronomer. He is also a scientist for the Voyager program. He discovered several moons of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
He discovered Metis, Puck, Larissa, Proteus, and Thebe.
The minor planet 6154 Stevesynnott was named after him.
In Love with a Girl (song)
"In Love with a Girl" is the #1 single by Gavin DeGraw on the album Gavin DeGraw. In Love with a Girl was released February 2008.
January 2016 United States blizzard
The January 2016 United States blizzard was a severe winter weather event. The weather caused multiple states in the Mid-Atlantic to declare a state of emergency. The blizzard happened between January 20 and 25, 2016.
On January 20–22 the governors of eleven states, plus the mayor of Washington, D.C., declared a state of emergency in expectation of significant snowfall and blizzard conditions. Approximately 85 million people were estimated to be in the storm's path. More than 33 million were under blizzard warnings. Over 10,000 flights were canceled because of the storm.
New York City was put under a travel ban on January 23. A snow emergency was declared for Washington, D.C. just before that.
Two to three feet of snow fell from Virginia to New England. Snow also fell in Arkansas, North Carolina and Tennessee.
The storm also caused tornadoes and hail from Louisiana to Florida
Thirty people died because of the blizzard.
The storm was also called Winter Storm Jonas by the Weather Channel.
Maguito Vilela
Maguito Vilela (24 January 1949 – 13 January 2021) was a Brazilian politician and lawyer. He was Governor of Goiás from 1995 to 1998. He was also a member of the Brazilian Senate from 1999 to 2007. For a short time in January 2021, he was Mayor of Goiânia.
Vilela died on 13 January 2021 in Goiânia from COVID-19, aged 71.
Mizoram
Mizoram is a state in the Republic of India. It is in the eastern region beyond Bangladesh. It covers an area of 8,139 mi2. It is bigger than the nation of El Salvador but smaller than the State of Israel. In traditional Indian geography it falls under the North-east Indian zone. In 2011, Mizoram had 1,091,014 people. It has fewer people than every other state except Sikkim.
The word "Mizoram" means "land of the Mizo people". It is one of the Seven Sister States in North Eastern India, sharing borders with the states of Tripura, Assam, Manipur and with the neighbouring countries of Bangladesh and Myanmar. Mizoram became the 23rd state of India on 20 February 1987. The capital of Mizoram is Aizawl.
Donnezac
Donnezac is a commune. It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France.
Asghar Farhadi
Asghar Farhadi (, born 7 May 1972 Homāyūnshahr, Isfahan) is an Iranian movie director and screenwriter. For his work as a director, he has received a Golden Globe Award and an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film among other awards. He was named one of the 100 Most Influential People in the world by Time magazine in 2012.
Jesus and Mary School
Jesus and Mary School is a Lebanese nonprofit Roman Catholic school in Rabweh, Lebanon, a northern suburb of Beirut. The school was started in 1965 by Elias Farah, the Archbishop of Antelias and run by the Sisters of Jesus and Mary. It provides education for students from kindergarten to the 12th grade. In 2002, Maronite Archdiocese of Antelias became the owner of the school. In 2019, the greatest generation graduated. The H militia ended May 9,2019 with the retirement of the chairman.
Nagaland
Nagaland is a northeastern state in the Republic of India. It has an area of 6,401 mi2. It is bigger than East Timor but smaller than Eswatini. In traditional Indian geography it falls under the North-east Indian zone.
Donzac, Gironde
Donzac, Gironde is a commune. It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France.
Changchun
Changchun is the capital and largest city of the Jilin province of China. The name of the city means "Eternal Spring". In the year 1800, the Jiaqing Emperor set up a trading post in a small village to trade furs and other goods. This village later became Changchun Ting.
Jacques Delors
Jacques Lucien Jean Delors (born 20 July 1925) is a French politician. He served as the 8th President of the European Commission from 1985 to 1995. He served as Minister of Finance 1981 to 1984. He was a Member of the European Parliament from 1979 to 1981.
Changchun
In 1898, Changchun got its first train station, which was built by the Russian Empire.
After Japan invaded Manchuria in September 1931, the Japanese established the capital of the newly formed puppet state, Manchukuo, in Changchun. The Japanese renamed the city Shinkyō (kanji: 新京, meaning: New Capital), and it is here where the Japanese established the former Emperor Pu-yi as the Emperor of Manchukuo. During the Japanese occupation, the Japanese built much of the infrastructure that still stands today, including the Manchukuo Imperial Palace, the First Clinical Hospital of Jilin University, the Palace of Geology, and several others.
Carl Brewer (politician)
Carl Brewer (March 8, 1957 – June 12, 2020) was an American Democratic politician. He was the 100th mayor of Wichita, Kansas and was Wichita's first black mayor. He was elected in 2007 and reelected in 2011. He was born in Wichita.
Jacques Delors
In 2015, Donald Tusk announced that Delors would become the third person ever to have the title of Honorary Citizen of Europe because of "his remarkable contribution to the development of the European project".
Changchun
On August 20, 1945, the Soviet Union's Soviet Red Army entered the city, captured Emperor Pu-yi, and drove the Japanese out. They stayed there until the Kuomintang drove them out in 1946. The KMT held the city until 1948, when it got overwhelmed by the communist PLA in 1948. During the Siege of Changchun, up to 80% of civilians starved to death.
Carl Brewer (politician)
Brewer died on June 12, 2020 in Wichita at the age of 63.
Changchun
The Chinese took down few of the Japanese buildings because they were already so well-built that the Chinese thought it would be a waste to tear them down. Nonetheless, the tumblers that Starbucks sells in Changchun feature the Changchun Railway Station out of all the other monuments in the city, due to the fact that it itself is not a Japanese-made building.
Changchun is also the heart of China's car-making business.
Escaudes
Escaudes is a commune. It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France.
Jacques Delors
Delors was born in Paris. He studied at the University of Paris. In 1941, he married his wife Marie Lephaille. Together, they have one daughter: Martine Aubry (born 1950), who is the mayor of Lille and the First Secretary of the Socialist Party.
Plaza Hotel
The Plaza Hotel is a 20-story luxury hotel and condominium apartment building in Midtown Manhattan in New York City. It opened in 1907 and is owned by Katara Hospitality.
Schwartz–Jampel syndrome
Schwartz–Jampel syndrome is a genetic disorder that causes muscles to be constantly tense.
Plaza Hotel
The building was designated a New York City landmark in 1969 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. The Plaza Hotel was also made a National Historic Landmark in 1986.
Seyoum Mesfin
Seyoum Mesfin Gebredingel (25 January 1949 – 13 January 2021) was an Ethiopian politician. He was Ethiopia's Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1991 until September 2010. He was Ethiopia's Ambassador to the People's Republic of China from 2010 until 2017. Mesfin was born in Adigrat, Ethiopia. He was a member of the People's Revolutionary Democratic Front.
Seyoum was killed during the Tigray War by the Ethiopian National Defense Force on 13 January 2021, aged 71.
Yoshihide Suga
Yoshihide Suga (菅 義偉) is a Japanese politician. In September 2020, he was elected Prime Minister of Japan and became President of the Liberal Democratic Party replacing Shinzo Abe. He resigned in September 2021 after negative approval ratings because of his government's handling of the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan and the 2020 Summer Olympics. He was replaced by former Foreign Minister Fumio Kishida.
Early life
Suga was born to a family of strawberry farmers in Ogachi (now Yuzawa), a rural area in Akita Prefecture. He moved to Tokyo and earned a Bachelor of Laws from Hosei University in 1973. He worked in a cardboard factory in Tokyo to pay his tuition.
Political career
He was the Chief Cabinet Secretary from December 2012 to September 2020 during the Shinzo Abe cabinet.
He represented the Kanagawa 2nd district in the House of Representatives, first elected in 1996. He was Minister of Internal Affairs and Communications in the cabinet of Shinzo Abe from September 2006 to August 2007.
He is a member of the Liberal Democratic Party.
Prime Minister
In August 2020, Suga announced his candidacy for the Liberal Democratic leadership election to replace Prime Minister Shinzo Abe who resigned. Suga easily won the election. He became the Prime Minister of Japan on 16 September 2020.
Suga announced on 3 September 2021 that he would not seek reelection as President of the LDP, ending his term as Prime Minister after just one year. He left office on 4 October and was replaced by Fumio Kishida.
Doulezon
Doulezon is a commune. It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France.
Yoshihide Suga
Personal life
Suga is married and has three sons. His wife, Mariko, is the sister of one of his former co-workers in the office of Hikosaburo Okonogi.
W. T. Cosgrave
William Thomas Cosgrave (6 June 1880 – 16 November 1965) was an Irish Fine Gael politician. He was President of the Executive Council from 1922 to 1932 and Leader of the Opposition from 1932 to 1944.
Cosgrave was Leader of Fine Gael from 1934 to 1944, Leader of Cumann na nGaedheal from 1923 to 1933, Chairman of the Provisional Government from August 1922 to December 1922, President of Dáil Éireann from September 1922 to December 1922, Minister for Finance from 1922 to 1923 and Minister for Local Government from 1919 to 1922.
He was a Teachta Dála (TD) from 1921 to 1944.
He was a Member of Parliament (MP) for the North Kilkenny constituency from 1918 to 1922.
Cosgrave never officially held the office of Taoiseach.
Classical music
Classical music is a very general term which normally refers to the standard music of countries in the western world. It is music that has been composed by musicians who are trained in the art of writing music (composing) and written down in music notation so that other musicians can play it. Classical music may also be described as "art music" although that term also includes types of serious modern music which are not classical. Classical music differs from pop music because it is not made just in order to be popular for time or just to be a commercial success. It is different from folk music which is generally made up by ordinary members of society and learned by future generations by listening, dancing and copying.
Meaning of "classic"
The word “classic” tends to mean: an art which is so good that it will always be enjoyed by future generations. It is something that has become a model for future artists. The period of Ancient Greece and Rome is known as the Classical Period because, many centuries later, people looked back to those ancient civilizations and thought they were perfect. In recent European history the 18th century was known as the Classical Period because musicians, artists, writers and philosophers were inspired by the art forms of the Classical Period of Ancient Greece and Rome. Something that is a “classic” is therefore something that will always be remembered as something great. Famous books such as the novels of Charles Dickens are called "classics". “Classical music” therefore tends to mean music that will not be forgotten soon after it is written, but is likely to be enjoyed by many future generations.
Contrast with pop music and jazz
Although people sometimes think of classical music as the opposite of pop music, it can still be very popular. Like all kinds of music, classical music can be in many different moods: happy, sad, scary, peaceful, thoughtful, simple etc. Mozart wrote his serenades and divertimentos to entertain people at parties. Classical pieces of music can be quite short, but they can also be very long, like a big, musical story. A symphony by Mahler or Shostakovich can last for nearly an hour, and an opera is a whole evening’s entertainment also Classical music is nowadays fused with Rock music and EDM music and even some Rap music which also have subgenres related to pop music.
Classical music is also different from jazz because true jazz is improvised. However, the differences are not always obvious. Classical music has often been inspired by jazz, and jazz by classical music. George Gershwin wrote music which is both jazz and classical. Classical music, too, can be improvised. The great composers Bach, Mozart and Beethoven often improvised long pieces of music on the organ, harpsichord or piano. Sometimes they wrote these improvistions down. They were, in effect, compositions which were composed in one go.
Religious and non-Religious music
In Western countries a vast amount of music was written for Christian worship in churches and cathedrals. This is called “sacred” (religious) music. All other music is “secular” music. The word “secular” means things that are not sacred. Sacred and secular music have influenced one another in many ways during the course of music history. Secular music was largely influenced by dance, and this in turn changed the style of scared music. For example: the church music of the 16th century composer Giovanni da Palestrina has nothing to do with dance music, but both the sacred and secular music of Johann Sebastian Bach two centuries later is full of dance rhythms. At some times in music history there have been different styles of composing for sacred and for secular music. Claudio Monteverdi uses two different styles for his church and for his non-church music. When composers were experimenting with new ways of writing music they usually did this with secular music, and sacred music caught up later, Sacred classical music is used in a lot of different video games in order to show tonal themes and intensity as to whether something is good or bad is about to happen. The Legend of Zelda series relies heavily on Religious classical music to convey the various goddesses of Hyrule and Thier prominence and influence in the society.
Use of the term "classical music"
The term "classical music" was not used until the early 19th century. People then started talking about classical music in order to praise the great composers such as Bach, Mozart and Beethoven. In the 20th century many different ways of composing were used, including music played by electronic instruments or very modern music using strange sounds (experimental or "avant garde" music), for example the music of John Cage. Some people feel that this kind of music cannot really be described as "classical music".
Arrondissement of Poitiers
The arrondissement of Poitiers is an arrondissement of France, in the Vienne department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. Its capital is the city of Poitiers.
Classical music
Instruments used
Classical music can be for instruments or for the voice. The symphony orchestra is the most common group of instruments for the playing of classical music. It has four families of instruments: the string instruments which include the violins, violas, cellos and piano, the woodwind instruments which include flutes, oboes,clarinets and bassoons together with related instruments of different sizes, the brass instruments: trumpet, trombone, tuba and French horn, and percussion instruments which nearly always includes timpani as well as many other possible instruments which are hit or shaken. This is very different from a typical rock band which has a drummer, a guitarist, one or two singers and an electric bass and keyboard. Instruments that play classical music are not normally amplified electronically.
Czech Extraliga
The Czech Extraliga (Extraliga ledního hokeje, ELH) is the highest-level ice hockey league in the Czech Republic. As of 2009, it is ranked by the IIHF as the third strongest league in Europe.
Classical music
Instruments used
The same applies to the voice. Singers may be sopranos, altos, tenors or basses, depending on their vocal range. Their voices are not amplified. Opera singers, in particular, have to develop very powerful voices which will be heard over the orchestra and project right to the back of an opera house.
Arrondissement of Poitiers
History
When the Vienne department was created on 1800, the arrondissement of Poitiers was part of that original department.
Classical music
Instruments used
The instruments used in classical music developed at different times. Some of the earliest were known in Medieval music. The trombone and the triangle have hardly changed for hundreds of years, but the violin family developed from folk instruments such as fiddles and gradually replaced the viols to form the basis of the modern orchestra. This was happening by the beginning of the 17th century, which was the time when opera was invented.
Arrondissement of Poitiers
Geography
The arrondissement of Poitiers is in western Vienne and is bordered to the north and northeast by the arrondissement Châtellerault, to east and south by the arrondissement Montmorillon, and to the west by the Deux-Sèvres department.
Classical music
Instruments used
In general, musical instruments have become louder as concert halls have become bigger. Violins are louder than viols. Modern violins are louder than the early 17th century violins, largely because of they have metal strings instead of gut strings. The piano developed from the clavichord which was very quiet indeed. Woodwind instruments developed from Renaissance instruments, while the clarinet was invented in the middle of the 18th century, and the saxophone and tuba came even later. Modern trumpets sound much brighter than the straight trumpets of the 18th century.
Arrondissement of Poitiers
Geography
It has an area of 1925.7 km2. It has 246,038 inhabitants and a density of inhabitants/km². It is the arrondissement of Vienne with more people living in it but is the one with the smallest area.
Classical music
Form (shape) of classical music pieces
Most popular music is based on song form, but classical music has many different forms, some of which can be used over a long time span to make big compositions. Classical music can have many forms, including the symphony, concerto, oratorio, opera, sonata, fugue or any combination of dance movements such as suites. In many of the longer compositions, short tunes are developed and changed during the course of the piece. Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony is a good example of a piece which develops from just four notes into a large piece lasting about half an hour.
Arrondissement of Poitiers
Cantons
After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the arrondissements so they could have communes that belong to different arrondissements.
Classical music
Musical training and general use of classical music
People who want to be good at performing classical music have to practice hard for many years. They normally have formal training at a music college or conservatoire and have lessons from well-known music teachers.
Arrondissement of Poitiers
Cantons
In the arrondissement of Poitiers, there are 8 cantons whose communes are in the arrondissement: Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Migné-Auxances, Poitiers-1, Poitiers-2, Poitiers-3, Poitiers-4, Poitiers-5, Vivonne and Vouneuil-sous-Biard. The following table shows the distribution of the "communes" in the cantons and arrondissements:
Classical music
Musical training and general use of classical music
Classical musicians often spend a lot of time thinking carefully about pieces of music, especially about pieces of music that they perform. They study such things as harmony and counterpoint to help them understand the way that the composers were thinking when they put the piece together. When they look at pieces of music in this way this is called “musical analysis”. People who specialize in thinking and writing about music may become professors or lecturers of music at universities.
Czech Extraliga
Name
The name of the league is leased a general sponsor and changes frequently.
Classical music
Musical training and general use of classical music
Classical music is often heard in popular culture. It is used as background music for movies, television programs, advertisements and even for mobile phone ringing tones. Most people in the Western world recognize many classical tunes, possibly without even realizing it. Some classical pieces of music have become enormously popular, e.g. the song Nessun dorma from Giacomo Puccini's opera Turandot which was sung by the three tenors Luciano Pavarotti, Plácido Domingo and José Carreras, and used as the theme tune for the 1990 Soccer World Cup. This made many people who had never been interested in opera start to become curious about it.
Middle Ages
The history of classical music really started in the late Middle Ages. Music written for the church was almost always vocal (singing), because instruments were thought to be wicked. This is because the devil played them, and because they were used for dancing. There was a lot of dance music, but most of it is lost because it was never written down. Medieval composers who are remembered today include Léonin, Pérotin and Guillaume de Machaut
Renaissance
The Renaissance was from the 15th century until the 17th century. This period saw a massive increase in the composition of music, both sacred and secular. Many great cathedrals had been built in Europe and composers wrote music for them, mostly vocal music. Secular music also became extremely popular, especially songs and madrigals, which would sometimes be accompanied by instruments.
The greatest composers of this period include: Giovanni da Palestrina, Orlando di Lasso, Thomas Tallis and William Byrd.
Baroque period
The Baroque period was from about the 17th century until the mid-18th century. This was the time when the modern orchestra was formed, more or less as we know it. It was also the time when opera was invented. Most musicians worked either for the church or for rich people who had their own orchestras. Many of them also started to work for opera houses.
The greatest composers of this time include: Claudio Monteverdi, Heinrich Schütz, Henry Purcell, Antonio Vivaldi, George Frideric Handel, Johann Sebastian Bach, Domenico Scarlatti and Georg Philipp Telemann
Classical period
The years between 1760 - 1825 was known as the Classical period. Composers thought a lot about the forms of their pieces and were influenced by the classical art of the Ancient Greeks and Romans. The symphony was invented and various forms of chamber music including the string quartet.
The greatest composers include: Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Christoph Willibald Gluck, Antonio Salieri, Ludwig van Beethoven and Franz Schubert.
Punks Not Dead
Punks Not Dead is the debut studio album by Scottish punk rock band, The Exploited. Punks Not Dead was released in April 1981. They made the album as a reaction to critics who thought that the genre was dead, and was also against popular trends such as New Wave, hardcore and post-punk. The album is regarded as one of the definitive Oi! albums. The album peaked at #20 on the UK charts in May of that year.
Songs
Side one
Classical music
Romantic period
Some of the greatest composers include: Ludwig van Beethoven, Franz Schubert, Hector Berlioz, Frédéric Chopin, Robert Schumann, Felix Mendelssohn, Anton Bruckner, Johannes Brahms, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, Edward Elgar, Gustav Mahler and Richard Strauss.
Czech Extraliga
2022-23 teams
Note: The names of most teams are leased to general sponsors and change frequently.
Classical music
20th century
What is known as 20th century classical music (or “modern music”) is music from about 1910 onwards. At this time many composers felt that everything had already been done by the composers of the past, so they wanted to find new ways of composing. Claude Debussy, Arnold Schoenberg and Igor Stravinsky, in particular, found new ways of writing music which was not necessarily tonal (in any particular key). Classical music was influenced by jazz, especially with American composers. Later in the century people such as Pierre Boulez and Karlheinz Stockhausen experimented in many other ways, including with electronic music (tape recorders etc.). Today’s composers have combined some of these ideas to develop their own styles.
Some of the most important composers are: Claude Debussy, Jean Sibelius, Maurice Ravel, Arnold Schoenberg, Igor Stravinsky, Béla Bartók, Aaron Copland, Benjamin Britten, Dmitri Shostakovich, Leonard Bernstein, Philip Glass, Dmitri Kabalevsky, James MacMillan, Judith Weir, Peter Maxwell Davies
Punks Not Dead
Songs
Side two
Classical music
Conclusion
It has never been possible to say exactly what is meant by “classical music”. Many different kinds of music influence one another. Since 1970 it has been even harder to make clear dividing lines between rock, pop, classical, folk, jazz and world music. This shows that classical music, like other kinds of music, continues to develop and reflect the society from which it comes.
Arrondissement of Poitiers
Communes
The arrondissement of Poitiers has 87 communes; they are (with their INSEE codes)ː
Punks Not Dead
Songs
2001 Re-release
Classical music
References
The New Grove Dictionary of Music & Musicians, ed. Stanley Sadie; 1980; ISBN 1-56159-174-2
Ibaraki Prefecture
Ibaraki Prefecture (茨城県) is a prefecture in the Kantō region of Japan on the island of Honshu. The capital is Mito.
History
In 1871, Ibaraki Prefecture was created from Hitachi Province.
Geography
Ibaraki Prefecture is the northeastern part of Kantō. It is between Tochigi Prefecture and the Pacific Ocean. Fukushima Prefecture is its neighbor to the north and Chiba Prefecture is to the south. Saitama Prefecture is to the southwest. There are many mountains in the northern part of the prefecture. The rest of the prefecture is a flat plain with many lakes.
Cities
There are thirty-two cities in Ibaraki Prefecture:
Towns and villages
Towns and villages in each district:
Diner
A diner is a small restaurant in the United States, which is run for 24 hours per day.
Ibaraki Prefecture
National Parks
National Parks are established in about 15% of the total land area of the prefecture.
Shrines and Temples
Kashima jinja are the chief Shinto shrines (ichinomiya) in the prefecture.
University of Lyon
The University of Lyon is a group of institutions for higher education and research in the cities of Lyon and Saint-Étienne in France. It is the largest French center for higher education outside of Paris, with 25 associated institutions and 120,000 students.
Jallianwala Bagh massacre
The Jallianwalah Bagh Massacre, also known as the Amritsar Massacre was a massacre that happened in Amritsar, in 1919. It is named after the Jallianwala Bagh (Temple) in the northern Indian city of Amritsar, Punjab. On April 13, 1919, British Indian Army soldiers started shooting at an unarmed crowd of men, women and children. The person in charge was Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer, the military commander of Amritsar.
The shooting lasted about ten minutes. According to official British Raj sources, 379 people were killed. According to other sources, there were over 1,000 deaths, with more than 2,000 hurt badly, and Civil Surgeon Dr. Smith said that there were 1500 casualties.
India during World War I
World War I began with large support and friendliness towards the United Kingdom from the leaders of India. This was not expected by the British, who thought there may be a revolt. India helped a lot to the British war effort by providing men and resources. About 1.3 million Indian soldiers and workers served in Europe, Africa, and the Middle East, while both the Indian government and the princes sent large supplies of food, money, and ammunition.
However, Bengal and Punjab were areas where people still did not like the British. Terrorist-style attacks in Bengal were connected with the unrest in Punjab. Also, from the beginning of the war, the overseas Indian population (mainly from Canada, Germany, and the United States) tried to start a rebellion in India similar to the 1857 uprising. With Irish Republican, German and Turkish help, a large conspiracy was made called the Hindu–German Conspiracy. This conspiracy also tried to make Afghanistan not support British India.
After the war
After World War I, the high number of dead and wounded, inflation, heavy taxation and other problems greatly affected the people of India. Indian soldiers smuggled weapons into India to get rid of British rule. Different groups joined together to demand independence from Britain. In 1916, the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League signed the Lucknow Pact, agreeing to build a border dividing Punjab (India) and Pakistan.
Rowlatt Act
The worsening civil unrest throughout India, especially amongst the Bombay millworkers, led to the Rowlatt committee in 1919. The Rowlatt committee was named after Sydney Rowlatt, an English judge. The job of the committee was to understand German and Bolshevik links to the militant movement in India, especially in Punjab and Bengal.
The committee asked for an extension of the Defence of India act of 1915    The act gave the Viceroy's government with great power, that included silencing the press, including detaining the political activists without trial, arrest without warrant of any individual suspected of treason. This act sparked huge anger within India.
Before the massacre
The events that followed the Rowlatt Act in 1919 were also influenced by the events linked to the Ghadar conspiracy, At the time, British Indian Army troops were returning from the battlefields of Europe and Mesopotamia to an economic depression in India. There were many attempts to mutiny in 1915 and the Lahore conspiracy trials were still in public attention. News of young Mohajirs who fought on behalf of the Turkish Caliphate and later for the Red Army during the Russian Civil War was also beginning to reach India. The Russian Revolution had also started to influence India. It was at this time that Mahatma Gandhi, until then relatively unknown on the Indian political scene, began emerging as a mass leader.
Gandhi's call for protest against the Rowlatt act got an expected response - of furious unrest and protests. The situation especially in Punjab became bad very quickly. Rail, telegraph and communication systems were all disrupted. A huge crowd of 20,000 marched through Lahore.
In Amritsar, over 5,000 people gathered at Jallianwala Bagh. Michael O'Dwyer is said to have believed that this was part of an attempt to rebel against the British. James Houssemayne Du Boulay is said to have ascribed a direct relationship between the fear of a Ghadarite uprising in the midst of an increasingly tensed situation in Punjab, and the British response that ended in the massacre.
On April 10, 1919, a protest was held at the residence of the Deputy Commissioner of Amritsar, a city in Punjab, a large province in the northwestern part of what was then undivided India. The demonstration was held to demand the release of two popular leaders of the Indian Independence Movement, Satya Pal and Saifuddin Kitchlew, who had been earlier arrested on account of their protests. The crowd was shot at by British troops, the shooting stated more violence. Later in the day, several banks and other government buildings, including the Town Hall and the railway station were attacked and set on fire. The violence continued to increase, and resulted in the deaths of at least 5 Europeans, including government employees and civilians.
For the next two days, the city of Amritsar was quiet, but violence continued in other parts of the Punjab. Railway lines were cut, telegraph posts destroyed, government buildings burnt, and three Europeans were killed. By April 13, the British government had decided to place most of the Punjab under martial law. The legislation placed restrictions on a number of civil liberties, including freedom of assembly, banning gatherings of more than four people.
The massacre
On April 13, 1919, thousands of people gathered in the Jallianwala Bagh (garden) near the Golden Temple in Amritsar. The date was for the Baisakhi festival which was also the Sikh new year. For more than two hundred years, this festival had drawn thousands from all over India. People had travelled for days to get to Amritsar.
The Jallianwala Bagh was surrounded on all sides by houses and buildings and had few narrow entrances, most of which were kept locked. Unable to escape people tried to climb the walls of the park. Many jumped into a well inside the compound to escape from the bullets. A plaque in the monument says that 120 bodies were plucked out of the well.
As a result of the shooting, hundreds of people were killed and thousands were injured. The shooting lasted for ten minutes. In a telegram sent to Dyer, British Lieutenant-Governor of Punjab, Sir Michael O'Dwyer wrote: "Your action is correct. Lieutenant Governor approves."
O'Dwyer asked for martial law to be imposed upon Amritsar and other areas; this was allowed by the Viceroy, Lord Chelmsford, after the massacre.
Dyer dismissed
Dyer was initially applauded by some, but in July 1920 he was censured and forced to retire by the House of Commons.
Alan Burgess (cricketer)
Alan Thomas Burgess (1 May 1920 – 5 January 2021) was a New Zealand cricketer who played first-class cricket for Canterbury from 1940 to 1952. He was a tank driver in World War II. He was born in Christchurch.
In nine matches for Canterbury between 1945-46 and 1951-52 his top score was 42 against Auckland in 1950-51, when he put on 105 for the first wicket with Ray Emery.
Burgess celebrated his 100th birthday in May 2020. He died on 5 January 2021 in Rangiora, New Zealand.
High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy
The High Representative for Common Foreign and Security Policy is a position created by the Treaty of Lisbon, starting December 1, 2009 (it was actually already created in 1999). The position is part of the European Commission.
Her duty is to be the face of European Union to the rest of the world, along with the President of Europe
The job is sometimes known casually a "the European Foreign Minister" but this is not correct because she is not a member of any government.
High Representatives:
Ali ihsan Yavuz
Ali Ihsan Yavuz is a Turkish politician and member of the Justice and Development Party. He was born on July 7, 1969 in Trabzon, Turkey.
2020 Liberal Democratic Party (Japan) leadership election
The 2020 Liberal Democratic Party of Japan leadership election was held on 14 September 2020 to elect the next president of the Liberal Democratic Party of Japan. This happened three days before the National Diet held a session to elect the new Prime Minister.
Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga easily won the election. As the Liberal Democratic Party currently controls a majority in the National Diet as a member of the governing coalition, Suga is also expected to succeed Abe as Japan's prime minister.
Background
It was supposed to be held in September 2021, however incumbent party president and the longest-serving Prime Minister of Japan, Shinzo Abe, suddenly resigned on 28 August 2020, because of health reasons.
The winner of the race will fill in for the remainder of Abe's term as president. As the Liberal Democratic Party currently controls a majority in the National Diet, the winner of the race will also replace Abe as Japan's prime minister.
Shahdara District
Shahdara district is one of the districts of Delhi, India.
SI (disambiguation)
SI, Si, or si may refer to:
Kathleen Heddle
Kathleen Joan Heddle, (November 27, 1965 – January 11, 2021) was a Canadian rower. She won two gold medals at the 1992 Summer Olympics and 1996 Summer Olympics. Heddle also won a bronze medal in 1996. In 1997, Heddle was awarded the Order of British Columbia and was honored into the Canadian Sports Hall of Fame. Heddle was born in Trail, British Columbia.
Heddle died on January 11, 2021 in Vancouver, British Columbia from breast cancer and lymphoma, aged 55.
Cron
Cron is a computer program that can be used to make a computer do tasks at specific time intervals. It is used in UNIX computer operating systems and operating systems that are similar to UNIX, like Linux.
Black-footed ferret
The black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes), is a type of weasel. It is also called the American polecat or prairie dog hunter. It is native to central North America. It is an endangered species.
Cron
Cron can be used to schedule most repetitive tasks. It is often used to automate tasks related to a computer or computer network's maintenance or administration, although it can be used for many other tasks like downloading files from the Internet and downloading email at specific times or dates.
Black-footed ferret
Description
The black-footed ferret has a long, slender body with black lines on the feet, ears, parts of the face and its tail. The neck is long and the legs short. The toes have sharp claws. The top and bottom of the feet are covered with hair, even to the soles. The fur on its feet hides the claws.
Cron
The name of the cron computer program is from the word cron, which is from the Greek word for time, χρόνος (chronos).
Black-footed ferret
Description
Males are 500–533 millimetres (19.7–21.0 in) long. Females are usually 10% smaller than males. It weighs 650–1,400 grams (1.43–3.09 lb).
Cron
Cron is set up by editing a file called a crontab (cron table). This file lists the specific tasks for the computer to run and when the tasks should be run.
President of the European Council
The President of the European Council is a position that was created by the Treaty of Lisbon. The President is the chairman of the European Council, which is the meeting of the leaders of all the member states.
Background
It's a very diplomatic figure, and it's not like a head of state: the President does not have any power to make decisions about the European Union. The Union has several other presidents, such as the president of the European Parliament and the president of the European Commission. But the President of the European Council, casually but wrongly known as The President of Europe, is the face by which the European Union is known to the rest of the world. The more practical aspects of this task are the responsibility of the High Representative for Common Foreign and Security Policy, the Commissioner responsible for external affairs.
On 2 July 2019, the European Council elected Belgian Prime Minister Charles Michel as the successor to Donald Tusk as President of the European Council for the period from 1 December 2019 to 31 May 2022.
Foreign relations of Bangladesh
The foreign relations of Bangladesh are the Bangladeshi government's policies in its relations with other countries. Since independence in 1971, Bangladesh has officially followed a principle of being friendly with all nations and not being enemies with any. As a member of the Non-Aligned Movement, Bangladesh has tended to not take sides with major powers. Since the end of the Cold War, the country has pursued better relations with its neighbours. It has strong relations with other Muslim countries. It does not recognise Israel.
Myanmar
🇧🇩 Myanmar is Bangladesh's eastern neighbour. Bilateral ties with Myanmar are generally good, but some tensions exist between the two countries. This is due to border disputes and the presence of over 270,000 Rohingya Muslim refugees in Bangladesh from mainly-Buddhist Myanmar. As a result of bilateral discussions, and with the cooperation and assistance of the UNHCR, most of the Rohingya refugees have now returned to Burma. As of 2000, about 22,000 refugees remain in camps in southern Bangladesh.
At the 2008 ASEAN Regional forum summit in Singapore, Bangladesh and Myanmar have pledged to solve their Maritime boundary disputes as quickly as possible especially that a UN deadline in claiming maritime territories will expire in three years time. Both countries discussed the possibility of linking the two countries together in an attempt to boost their trade and commerce relations. The estimate to complete the 25 km highway is three years and at the cost of $20 million. Another aspect of this plan is to connect the highway to the Asian Superhighway which would connect the two countries to China.
Escoussans
Escoussans is a commune. It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France.
Foreign relations of Bangladesh
England
🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿🇧🇩 The relations between the two are historical, because the English started their conquest of British India from present-day Bengal region of Bangladesh. Today Bangladesh is in the Commonwealth since 1972 and the there is a sizeable Bengali-speakers within the community of Great Britain
Black-footed ferret
Distribution and Habitat
Before, the black-footed ferret's range was from southern Alberta and southern Saskatchewan south to Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona. In 2007, the only known wild black-footed ferret population was found in the western Bighorn Basin near Meeteetse, Wyoming. Since 1990, black-footed ferrets have been reintroduced into the following places: Shirley Basin, Wyoming; UL Bend National Wildlife Refuge and Fort Belknap Indian Reservation, Montana; Conata Basin/Badlands, Buffalo Gap National Grassland, and the Cheyenne River Sioux Reservation in South Dakota; Aubrey Valley, Arizona; Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge and Wolf Creek in Colorado; Coyote Basin, and Grasslands National Park, Canada.
Before, the black-footed ferret lived in lots of habitats prairies with short grass, prairies with different types of grasses, desert grassland, shrub steppe, sagebrush steppe, mountain grassland, and semi-arid grassland. Black-footed ferrets use the burrows of prairie dog to raise their young ones, stay away from predators, and to keep themselves warm.
Nikolayevsk Incident
The Nikolayevsk Incident (尼港事件) was a series of several events during the Russian Civil War. They happened between February and March 1920. It ended with the killing of many Japanese people in Russia and most of the Russians living in the town Nikolayevsk-on-Amur. Nikolayevsk-on-Amur is in the far eastern section of Russia.
In September 1918, about 350 troops of the 14th division the Imperial Japanese Army held the town. They're were part of the Siberian Intervention. Early in February 1920, the town also had about 450 Japanese civilians. The Russian "White Army" also had about 300 members in Nikolayevsk. Roughly 15,000 civilians also lived in Nikolayevsk. In January 1920, the town had been surrounded by an army of four thousand controlled by Yakov Triapitsyn, an anarchist who was allied with the Red Army.
The Japanese then had an unexpected attack on 12 March. However, the attack was unsuccessful, and most people in the Japanese Army died. The few who survived did not stop the attack until they were ordered by the Japanese high command. Triapitsyn decided to attack the remaining Japanese troops, which helped capture the Japanese garrison and deaths of all but 122 Japanese non-army members. In all, about 700 people died.
Triapitsyn decided to terrorize and kill any civilians he felt were a danger to his forces. The other way to execute those who he only injured was to stab them with a bayonet and throw them into a hole in the Amur River. Using this method, Triapitsyn and his army killed thousands of people in Nikolayevsk-on-Amur. In late May, as other Japanese people were coming to help, Triapitsyn killed everyone living in Nikolayevsk-on-Amur–Japanese or Russian–and burned the town to the ground.
The Japanese government protested to the Bolshevik government in Moscow, demanding compensation for the execution of all the residents in Nikolayevsk-on-Amur. The government of Russia responded by murdering Triapitsyn; however, the Japanese government felt that this didn't make up for what had happened. Japan used this as an excuse to have it residents live in Sakhalin island, where they remained till 1925.
Bridgewater, Connecticut
Bridgewater is a town in Litchfield County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 1,662 at the 2020 census.