cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Gon (unit)
Advantages and disadvantages
Almost the same way, in one hour (1⁄24 day), Earth rotates by 15° or 16 2⁄3 gon (see also decimal time). These observations are a result of the fact that the number 360 has more divisors than the number 400 does; especially, 360 is divisible by 3, while 400 is not. There are twelve factors of 360 less than or equal to its square root: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 18 }. However, there are only eight for 400: {1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 16, 20 }.
Alesha Dixon
Solo career
Dixon released her third album, The Entertainer, in 2010.
Dixon gave birth to her first child, Azura Sienna, in 2013.
Arrondissement of Narbonne
Cantons
After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the arrondissements so they could have communes that belong to different arrondissements.
London Passenger Transport Board
London bus route historic numbering
Historically, bus routes run by London Transport were grouped by the type of service that they provided.
Arrondissement of Narbonne
Cantons
In the arrondissement of Narbonne, there are 7 cantons whose communes are in the arrondissement and only one that has some of its "communes" in other "arrondissements", as can be seen in the following table:
London Passenger Transport Board
London bus route historic numbering
The 1924 London Traffic Act imposed a numbering scheme known as the Bassom Scheme, named after Chief Constable A.E. Bassom of the Metropolitan Police who made it. Changing and short lines used letter suffixes. The numbers were grouped also by the company that operated the route.
The numbering was revised in 1934 after London Passenger Transport Board was formed:
Paul Lauterbur
Paul Christian Lauterbur (May 6, 1929 – March 27, 2007) was an American chemist. Lauterbur won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2003 with Peter Mansfield "for their discoveries concerning magnetic resonance imaging".
Arrondissement of Narbonne
Communes
The arrondissement of Narbonne has 82 communes; they are (with their INSEE codes):
Ludlow, Massachusetts
Ludlow is a town in Hampden County, Massachusetts, United States.
Arrondissement of Narbonne
Communes
The communes with more inhabitants in the arrondissement are:
Codrongianos
Codrongianos (Codronzànu, Codronzànos) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sassari in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 1,309 people lived there. Its area is 30.39 km². It is 317 meters above sea level.
Christina of Sweden
Queen Christina of Sweden (Kristina av Sverige; 18 December 1626 – 19 April 1689), was the queen of Sweden from 1632 to 1654. She then resigned to become a Roman Catholic.
She also liked humanities and had invited philosophers such as René Descartes in Sweden.
Paul Lauterbur
Career
He served as a professor at the State University of New York at Stony Brook from 1963 until 1985. While there, Lauterbur conducted research on the development of the MRI. Along with his wife Joan, Lauterbur became a professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign in 1985. Lauterbur served as the professor for 22 years until he died on March 27, 2007 in Urbana, Illinois.
Suomussalmi
Suomussalmi is a municipality in Kainuu, Finland. It had almost 8,700 living there in January 2014. The municipalities next to it are Taivalkoski, Puolanka, Hyrynsalmi and the cities Kuusamo, Pudasjärvi and Kuhmo.
Channagiri
Channagiri is a panchayat town in Davanagere district in the state of Karnataka, India. It is a taluk headquarters in Davanagere district.
Monson, Massachusetts
Monson is a town in Hampden County, Massachusetts, United States.
Hafez al-Assad
Hafez al-Assad (حافظ الأسد; 6 October 1930 – 10 June 2000) was president of Syria from 1971 until his death. He was also the general of Syrian Air Force from 1955 - 1972. He was born in Qardaha and died in Damascus. He had four sons and a daughter. His eldest son Bassel al-Assad died in 1994. In 2000, al-Assad died of a heart attack. He was succeeded as president by his second-oldest son Bashar al-Assad (born 1965), who still has that job.
Morgan Johansson
Tomas Morgan Johansson (born 14 May 1970) is a Swedish politician of the Social Democrats. Johansson was the Deputy Prime Minister of Sweden from 2019 to 2022. He was the Minister for Justice from 2014 to 2022 and Minister of the Interior from 2021 to 2022. He was Minister for Migration and Asylum Policy from 2014 to 2017 and again from 2019 to 2021.
Yoichiro Nambu
Yoichiro Nambu (南部 陽一郎) was a Japanese-born American physicist, a professor at the University of Chicago.
Works
Nambu was known for his works to the field of theoretical physics, he was awarded a one-half share of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2008 for the discovery in 1960 of the mechanism of spontaneous broken symmetry in subatomic physics, related at first to the strong interaction's chiral symmetry and later to the electroweak interaction and Higgs mechanism.
The other half share was split equally between Makoto Kobayashi and Toshihide Maskawa "for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature."
Nambu became a U.S. citizen in 1970.
Postcolonialism
Postcolonialism is a Critical theory branch that studies the how people respond to Colonialism and Imperialism. It became popular after it was used by Frantz Fanon and Edward Said. The theory says that colonizers are not reliable narrators. They cannot be trusted to tell correct history.
Elizabeth Wilson
Elizabeth Welter Wilson (April 4, 1921 – May 9, 2015) was a Tony Award-winning American actress. She appeared in movies such as Picnic (1955), The Goddess (1958), The Tunnel of Love (1958), A Child Is Waiting (1963), The Birds (1963), The Graduate (1967), Catch-22 (1970), The Day of the Dolphin (1973), The Prisoner of Second Avenue (1975), 9 to 5 (1980), Grace Quigley (1985), Regarding Henry (1991), The Addams Family (1991), Quiz Show (1994), and Hyde Park on Hudson (2012).
Wilson was born on April 4, 1921, in Grand Rapids, Michigan. She was of English and German ancestry. She was elected to the Theatre Hall of Fame in 2007. Wilson died at her home in New Haven, Connecticut, aged 94.
Leas Cliff Hall
Leas Cliff Hall is an entertainment and function venue in Folkestone, on the Kent coast of England.
History
The Leas Shelter was built in 1894. In 1924, it was decided that a larger hall was needed. 28 months later, the building was finished. It was opened on 13 July 1927 by Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester.
Timothy F. Murphy
Timothy Francis Murphy (born September 11, 1952) was the U.S. Representative for PA's 18th congressional district, serving from 2003 until his resignation in October 2017. He is a member of the Republican Party. He previously served in the Pennsylvania Senate. He is a commander in the United States Navy Reserve.
In October 2017, Murphy announced that he would not seek re-election in 2018 due to revelations that during an affair he had urged his mistress to have an abortion despite his public anti-abortion stance. On October 5, House Speaker Paul Ryan’s Office announced Murphy would step down on October 21.
2020 United States Senate election in South Dakota
An election happened on November 3, 2020, to elect a Senator from the U.S. state of South Dakota. The two people in the election were Mike Rounds (Republican Party) and Dan Ahlers (Democratic Party). Mike Rounds won reelection for a second term.
A primary election was held for each party, Mike Rounds beat Scyller Borglum in the Republican Party primary and Dan Ahlers was the only person in the Democratic Party primary, so he won.
Montgomery, Massachusetts
Montgomery is a town in Hampden County, Massachusetts, United States.
Van Miller
Van Miller (November 22, 1927 – July 17, 2015) was an American radio and television sports announcer. He was born in Dunkirk, New York. Miller was known for being the official sports announcer for the Buffalo Bills of the National Football League. He worked for them from 1960 to 1971, and again from 1977 to 2003. At the time of his retirement in 2003, Miller was the longest-tenured commentator with one team (37 years) in pro football history.
Miller died from natural causes in Buffalo, New York, aged 87.
Russell, Massachusetts
Russell is a town in Hampden County, Massachusetts, United States.
Eileen Davidson
Eileen Marie Davidson (born June 15, 1959) is an American actress, author, television personality and former model. Davidson is best known for her roles in soap operas as Kristen DiMera on NBC's Days of Our Lives, as well as Ashley Abbott on CBS's The Young and the Restless and The Bold and the Beautiful.
Dirty rap
Dirty rap (also called porn rap or dirty hip hop) is a type of music that mixes rap with sexual content. Some notable artists include Plies, Lil Wayne, Lil' Kim, The Notorious B.I.G., Ludacris and Nicki Minaj.
1768
1768 was a common year.
Clever Hans
Clever Hans (in German, der Kluge Hans) was a horse that was supposed to be able to do lots of difficult mathematical sums and solve complicated problems. Later, it was discovered that the horse was giving the right answers by watching the reactions of the people who were watching him.
How Hans seemed to be clever
Hans was a horse that lived in Germany in the early 20th century. He belonged to a man called Wilhelm von Osten. Von Osten was a teacher who taught mathematics at a local school. He was an amateur horse trainer.
This was a time when people were becoming interested in how intelligent animals were. This was largely because of what Charles Darwin had been writing about.
Von Osten taught Hans to add, subtract, multiply, divide, work with fractions, tell the time and date, read and spell and to understand German. If he asked the horse a question such as: "What is 12 plus 12", the horse would tap its hoof 24 times. Von Osten traveled round the country with Hans, showing off his clever horse to the public.
Scientists became interested in Clever Hans. The psychologist Carl Stumpf got a group of people together to study what was happening. His assistant Oskar Pfungst was the main investigator. The horse almost always gave the right answer when he could see his owner. He also gave the right answer if someone else asked him a question. This showed that Von Osten was not deliberately giving him secret signs.
Seeco Patterson
Alvin "Seeco" Patterson (born Francisco Willie, 30 December 1930 – 1 November 2021) was a Cuban-born Jamaican percussionist. He was a member of The Wailers Band. He was born Havana, Cuba.
Clever Hans
How Hans seemed to be clever
When the horse could answer the question, it started to tap more slowly when it got near to the right answer. Then it stopped when it got to the right answer. This showed that the horse was watching the person asking the question, and could sense when the person was expecting him to stop. Von Osten probably did not realize that he was giving the horse signals just by looking at him. The horse was, indeed, clever to guess what was wanted of him, but of course it did not understand the mathematics. The final proof was that Pfungst discovered how to signal to the horse, by slightly raising his eyebrows. Then he could get the horse to give any response he wanted.
The Clever Hans effect
This effect is often called the "Clever Hans effect". It is used in psychology to describe when an animal or a person senses what someone wants them to do, even though they are not deliberately being given signals. It is important to take this effect into account when testing animals' intelligence or human intelligence. An animal may need to be separated from its trainer if their true intelligence is to be observed. On the other hand, an animal may be upset when it cannot see its trainer, so it might not give the right answer. This problem can often be solved by creating a situation in which the trainer does not know the right answer.
The Clever Hans effect is famous, and has been used in popular culture. For example, there is an episode of The Simpsons ("Smart and Smarter"), in which Lisa Simpson becomes jealous of her baby sister Maggie because Maggie seems to be even more intelligent than Lisa. Then it is discovered that Maggie has been watching Lisa so carefully that she could sense what the answers were. Lisa is relieved to discover this.
Hydra (moon)
Hydra is the farthest moon of Pluto. It was found along with Nix in June, 2005 by the Hubble Space Telescope's Pluto Companion Search Team, which is composed of Hal A. Weaver, Alan Stern, Max J. Mutchler, Andrew J. Steffl, Marc W. Buie, William J. Merline, John R. Spencer, Eliot F. Young, and Leslie A. Young. The discovery images were taken on May 15, 2005 and May 18, 2005; the moons were independently found by Max J. Mutchler on June 15, 2005 and Andrew J. Steffl on August 15, 2005. The discoveries were announced on October 31, 2005, after confirmation by precoveries from 2002. The moons were provisionally designated S/2005 P 1 (Hydra) and S/2005 P 2 (Nix).
The moon orbits the barycenter of the system in the same plane as Charon and Nix, at a distance of about 65,000 km. Unlike other moons of Pluto, its orbit is only nearly circular; its eccentricity of 0.0052 is small, but significantly non-zero. Its orbital period of 38.2 days.
Although its size has not been directly measured, calculations based on its brightness give it a diameter of between 61 km, if its reflectivity is similar to Charon's 35 percent, and about 167 km, if it has a reflectivity of 4 percent like the darkest Kuiper belt objects (KBOs). At the time of discovery, Hydra was about 25 percent brighter than its sister moon Nix, which led to the assumption that its diameter was some 10 percent bigger. Pre-discovery data from Hubble observations in 2002-3 inferred that Nix was the brighter moon. However, Hubble observations in 2005-6, specifically targeting the dim moons, once again showed Hydra to be a little brighter. Hydra appears to be grey like Charon and Nix, though Pluto is reddish.
Hydra was to be visited along with Pluto by the New Horizons mission in 2015.
Glynn Lunney
Glynn Stephen Lunney (November 27, 1936 – March 19, 2021) was an American NASA engineer. He began working at NASA since its creation in 1958. Lunney was a flight director during the Gemini and Apollo programs.
Hydra (moon)
The name Hydra was announced on June 21, 2006, in IAU Circular 8723, along with the formal designation Pluto III. It was named after Hydra, the monster who guarded the waters of Pluto/Hades's underworld in Greco-Roman mythology.
Glynn Lunney
Lunney died on March 19, 2021 at his home near Houston, Texas from leukemia, aged 84.
Cossoine
Cossoine (Cossoìne) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sassari in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 851 people lived there. Its area is 39.17 km². It is 529 meters above sea level.
Sääksmäki
Sääksmäki is a former municipality of Finland. It was merged with Valkeakoski in 1973. Before that, the municipalities next to it were Kalvola, Lempäälä, Pälkäne, Toijala, Tyrväntö (afterwards Hattula), Valkeakoski and Viiala. Its population from 1970 was almost 4,500.
Shell keep
A shell keep is a type of fortification in the medieval era. Shell keeps are stone structures circling around a raised area of the ground, called a motte.
Matthew Boulton
Matthew Boulton FRS (3 September 1728 – 17 August 1809) was an English manufacturer and the business partner of Scottish engineer James Watt.
In the last quarter of the 18th century, the partnership installed hundreds of Boulton & Watt steam engines. A great advance on the state of the art, they made possible the mechanisation of factories and mills. Boulton applied modern techniques to the minting of coins, striking millions of pieces for Britain and other countries, and supplying the Royal Mint with up-to-date equipment.
Born in Birmingham in 1728, Boulton was the son of a Birmingham manufacturer of small metal products who died when Boulton was 31. By then Boulton had managed the business for several years, and he expanded it considerably at the Soho Manufactory, built by him near Birmingham.
When Watt's business partner, John Roebuck was unable to pay a debt to Boulton, he accepted Roebuck's share of Watt's patent as settlement. He then successfully lobbied Parliament to extend Watt's patent for an additional 17 years. This enabled the firm to market Watt's steam engine. The firm installed hundreds of Boulton & Watt steam engines in Britain and abroad, initially in mines and then in factories.
Boulton was a key member of the Lunar Society, a group of Midlands men in the arts, sciences, and theology. Members included Watt, Erasmus Darwin, Josiah Wedgwood and Joseph Priestley. The Society met each month near the full moon. Members of the Society developed concepts and techniques in science, agriculture, manufacturing, mining, and transport that laid the groundwork for the Industrial Revolution.
Boulton founded the Soho Mint, which he adapted to steam power. He sought to improve the poor state of Britain's coinage. After several years of effort obtained a contract in 1797 to produce the first British copper coinage in a quarter century. His "cartwheel" pieces were well-designed and difficult to counterfeit, and included the first striking of the large copper penny, which continued to be coined until decimalisation in 1971. He retired in 1800, though continuing to run his mint, and died in 1809. His image appears alongside James Watt on the Bank of England's new Series F £50 note.
Dickin Medal
The PDSA Dickin Medal is an award for animals. It was created in the United Kingdom, by Maria Dickin, in 1943. At first, the award's goal was to honor the work of animals during World War II. The award is often called "the animals' Victoria Cross."
Maria Dickin was the creator of the People's Dispensary for Sick Animals (PDSA), a British veterinary charity. She created the award for any animal who showed "conspicuous gallantry [obvious bravery]" and devotion to its job while serving with the United Kingdom's armed forces or their allies. The Medal was awarded 54 times between 1943 and 1949 – to 32 pigeons, 18 dogs, three horses, and one cat.
The PDSA started awarding the Dickin Medal again in 2000. In that year, they honored a Newfoundland dog named Gander. The award was given posthumously - after Gander's death. During the Battle of Hong Kong in World War II, Gander had saved the lives of Canadian soldiers.
In early 2002, three dogs were awarded the Dickin Medal for their work in responding to the September 11 attacks. The PDSA also awarded the Medal to two dogs serving with the British military in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Iraq.
In December 2007, 12 animals who had received the Dickin Medal and were buried at the PDSA Animal Cemetery in Ilford, Essex, were given full military honors. This marked the end of a project to restore the cemetery, which was aided by the United Kingdom's National Lottery.
The first recipients of the Medal, in December 1943, were three pigeons. Serving with the Royal Air Force, all three helped make it possible to rescue air crew from ditched planes during the Second World War. The most recent animal to receive the Medal was Diesel, a dog who was killed while serving with the French police during the November 2015 Paris attacks. Diesel's award will be presented in a ceremony in 2016. As of December 2015, the Dickin Medal has been awarded 66 times.
Pigeons
Throughout history, homing pigeons have been used to carry messages over long distances. Homing pigeons can find their way home over very long distances. Because of this special ability, homing pigeons have often been used in wars to carry messages. For example, air force flyers could carry homing pigeons in their planes. If a plane started to crash, the airmen could throw the pigeon out of the plane with a message attached to its leg saying where the plane was crashing. The pigeon would find its way back "home" - to a military base - where the message would tell the military where to look for their stranded pilots.
The United Kingdom used about 250,000 homing pigeons in World War II. Of these, 32 were awarded the Dickin Medal for carrying messages that helped save lives:
Horses
Horses have been used in wars for over 5,000 years. By World War II, they were usually not used in battle. However, they were used for scout units, and also to carry soldiers and supplies.
Cat
See also: Famous Ship's Cats: Simon
County of London
The County of London was a county of England from 1889 to 1965, corresponding to the area today known as Inner London. It was created as part of the general introduction of elected county government in England, by way of the Local Government Act 1888.
Seymour Liebergot
Seymour "Sy" Abraham Liebergot (born February 15, 1936) is a retired NASA flight controller. He worked at NASA during the Apollo program. Liebergot was an EECOM controller. In 1970, he was part of the team that guided Apollo 13 back to Earth. Liebergot was born in Camden, New Jersey.
Liebergot was a Deputy Flight Director on Apollo 4. He was the EECOM flight controller on Apollo 8–15. On Apollo 17. He continued as a controller in the Skylab and ASTP missions.
Richard Wilhelm (sinologist)
Richard Wilhelm (10 May 1873 – 2 March 1930) was a German sinologist, theologian and missionary.
Life
He lived in China for 25 years, he became fluent in spoken and written Chinese, and grew to love and admire the Chinese people. He is best known for his translations of philosophical works from Chinese into German, which have been translated into other major languages of the world, including English. His translation of the I Ching is still known as one of the finest. Also known for his translation of The Secret of the Golden Flower. Carl Jung, was a personal friend of Wilhelm.
"'Wilhelm was a truly religious spirit, with an unclouded and far-sighted view of things. He had the gift of being able to listen without bias to the revelations of a foreign mentality, and to accomplish that miracle of empathy which enabled him to make the intellectual treasures of China accessible to Europe...he could not help recognizing the logic and clarity of Chinese thought... it had overwhelmed  him and assimilated him."
Lau Nui Suan introduced Wilhelm to Chinese yoga philosophy and the psychology of the I Ching.
Family and friends
His son Hellmut Wilhelm was also a sinologist, and was professor of Chinese at the University of Washington. Wilhelm was a close friend of the renowned Chinese educator and diplomat Dr. Li Linsi.
Tolland, Massachusetts
Tolland is a town in Hampden County, Massachusetts, United States.
Richard Wilhelm (sinologist)
Richard Wilhelm Translation Centre
The Richard Wilhelm Translation Centre at Ruhr-Universität Bochum was founded in 1993 by Helmut Martin.
Peasants' Revolt
The Peasants’ Revolt is also called Wat Tyler's Rebellion, after Wat Tyler, who was a local leader of the peasants in the rebellion. It has also been called the Great Rising.
The causes of the rebellion are unclear today, but there are different candidates:
Life of peasants
There were two types of peasants: serfs and free peasants.
Serfs were tenant farmers who worked without pay for a lord. In exchange, they got permission to live on the lord’s land. They also got protection from the knights living on the lord’s manor. Under feudalism, serfs had many difficulties. They barely had enough food to live on, and they had few possessions. They were not slaves, but they were not completely free. Serfs had less than any of the other social classes in medieval society.
Though they had more freedoms than serfs, life was also difficult for free peasants. Even though they were "free," they were still controlled by the higher social classes. They had to pay rent to live "free." They had to pay for many other things too, like collecting water or getting married.
Most peasants lived in houses which also housed the animals of the village.
Timeline
Fifty years later, most of Wat Tyler's demands were put into place by the king.
Southwick, Massachusetts
Southwick is a town in Hampden County, Massachusetts, United States.
Erula
Erula (Èrula) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sassari in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 745 people lived there. Its area is 39.31 km². It is 457 meters above sea level.
Exline, Iowa
Exline is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Aga Khan IV
His Highness Karīm al-Ḥussayni Shah, Aga Khan IV KBE (born 13 December 1936) is the 49th and current Imam of the Shia Ismaili Muslims.
He has held this position under the title of Aga Khan since 11 July 1957, when, at the age of 20, he succeeded his grandfather, Sir Sultan Mahomed Shah Aga Khan. He is responsible for the interpretation of the faith for his followers and helps to improve the quality of their lives and communities.
Unlike his grandfather, the present Aga Khan's higher education was in the United States at Harvard University. His children have also been educated in the U.S.
Since he became imam, the Aga Khan has followed the political and economic changes which have affected his followers. These events included the independence of African countries from colonial rule, the expulsion of Asians from Uganda, the independence of Central Asian countries such as Tajikistan from the former Soviet Union and the continuous turmoil in Afghanistan and Pakistan.
The Aga Khan is interested in the elimination of global poverty; the advancement of women; the promotion of Islamic culture, art, and architecture; and promoting pluralistic values in society. He is the founder and chairman of the Aga Khan Development Network, one of the largest private development networks in the world. This works for the environment, health, education, architecture, culture, microfinance, rural development, and disaster reduction. Goals include promotion of private-sector enterprise and the revitalisation of historic cities.
During his visit to India in 1983, the Aga Khan said, "There are those who enter the world in such poverty that they are deprived of both the means and the motivation to improve their circumstances. Unless these unfortunates can be touched with the spark which ignites the spirit of individual enterprise and determination, they will only sink back into renewed apathy, degradation and despair. It is for us, who are more fortunate, to provide that spark."
The Aga Khan has been married twice, and has four children. His main residence is a vast walled compound and chateau, the Aiglemont estate near Chantilly, France. His Highness has many awards. Especially notable are the Nishan-e-Pakistan, Pakistan's highest civil award (1983), and the Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic. The Aga Khan is the first Muslim to receive this honour (1977).
Arvid Jacobsen
Arvid Jacobsen (11 October 1938 – 25 June 2014) was a Norwegian newspaper editor.
Rudolf Raff
Rudolf A. Raff (November 10, 1941 – January 5, 2019) was a Canadian-born American biologist, and James H. Rudy Professor of Biology at Indiana University. He was known for research in, and promotion of, evolutionary developmental biology. He was also director of the Indiana Molecular Biology Institute.
Arvid Jacobsen
Jacobsen was born in Oslo. He started off his career with the Labour newspaper Dagsavisen (then Arbeiderbladet). He was a journalist for Arbeiderbladet from 1967 to 1977 and editor-in-chief in presses from 1977 to 1990. He was the main editor-in-chief of Arbeiderbladet from 1991 to 1994. Later, he was the information director for the Norwegian Bar Association from 1994 to 2003.
Jacobsen died after a short illness on 25 June 2014 at Ullevål Hospital, Oslo. He was 75.
School meal
Many schools are organized in such a way that they last all day. Very often, the break at midday is too short for the children to return home, to get a hot meal. So these schools serve hot meals (also called school meals, or hot lunches) at noon. Because they are only for the students, teachers and staff, some form of identification may be required to get in.Bigger schools have often adapted, so that the people get different menus to choose from. Common choices are vegetarian meals, or gluten-free ones. Also because the target group is limited, the meals are either provided free of charge (as their cost is covered elsewhere), or at a cheap price. Sometimes high-energy food is provided as well.
The ideas for providing school meals may be different from country to country: In highly developed countries, the school meal is a good source of nutrients. In less developed countries, offering a school meal (free of charge) may be a reason to send children to school and continue their education. They help children become healthy and productive adults. With this they break the cycle of poverty and hunger.
2012 Mount Salak Sukhoi Superjet crash
On 9 May 2012, a Sukhoi Superjet 100 airliner on a demonstration tour in Indonesia crashed into Mount Salak, in the province of West Java, The crashed aircraft, a Sukhoi Superjet 100 belonging to the Russian aircraft manufacturer Sukhoi Corporation, had taken off from Halim Perdanakusuma Airport for a demonstration flight in Indonesia to potential customers in that country.
School meal
History
The first school lunches were served in Munich, in 1790. An A physicist from America, Benjamin Thomsom, also known as Count Rumford, startted them. Thomson founded the Poor people's institute, to make clothing, mostly uniforms for the German army. He employed adults and children. In exchange for the work the people working there were giben clothing, and free meals. The children were also taught how to read and write, and how to do some basic mathematics. Years later, Thomsom operated a soup kitchen in London, where he would feed 60.000 people a day. Thomson did a lor for feeding the poor i Europe; he is crediited with being the first to serve potatoes to these people. He also invented or improved many of the machines which are still used in large kitchens today.
2012 Mount Salak Sukhoi Superjet crash
Investigation
The subsequent investigation concluded that the flight crew, led by pilot Alexander Yablontsev, was unaware of the presence of high ground in the area and ignored signals indicating danger from the terrain warning system, incorrectly attributing them to a system malfunction. Also, his view was obstructed due to thick cloud cover.
School meal
History
In the United Kingdom, many changes have been made since school meals were introduced in the 19th century. The first National School Meals Policy was published across the United Kingdom in 1941. This policy set the first nutritional guidelines for school lunches, requiring balanced meals which include the appropriate levels of protein, fat, and calories. In the United States, there was a gap during the industrial era. Poor children were suffering from malnutrition and hunger due to a low income of the families. Philadelphia and Boston were the first two cities to introduce school lunches in the U.S. Organizations such as Women's Education and the Starr Center Association began serving hot meals to students for an affordable cost. Soon, teachers noticed the benefits of students both mentally and physically. The federal government wasn't involved until the Great Depression (1920s), farmers and labors weren't doing well financially and the school lunch program was a solution that benefited everyone.
2012 Mount Salak Sukhoi Superjet crash
Investigation
In addition, it was found that in the minutes prior to the accident, the crew, including the captain, were chatting with potential customers present in the cabin.
School meal
History
In recent years, school districts have faced government or community pressure to change the foods served in schools. The addition of vegan school lunch and Meatless Mondays are examples of these changes.
2001–02 NHL season
The 2001–02 NHL season was the 85th regular season of the National Hockey League. Thirty teams each played 82 games. The Stanley Cup winners were the Detroit Red Wings, who won the best of seven series 4–1 against the Carolina Hurricanes.
School meal
Types
There are generally two types of school meals:
2001–02 NHL season
The Dallas Stars moved their home games from Reunion Arena to American Airlines Center.
School meal
Free school meal
Sweden, Finland, Estonia and India are among the few countries which provide free school meals to all pupils in compulsory education, regardless of their ability to pay. Many countries provide meals to improve attendance rates. In India, where all the Government School students are provided with free lunch meals through the Midday Meal Scheme, staple food that varies between different states and regions is provided along with free education.
2001–02 NHL season
The NHL honored the victims of 9/11 by having all players wear a patch on their jerseys, as well as a red, white and blue ribbon behind each net.
For the second time in three seasons, no player reached the 100-point plateau.
Final standings
Note: W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, OTL = Overtime Losses, GF= Goals For, GA = Goals Against, Pts = Points
Scoring leaders
Note: GP = Games Played, G = Goals, A = Assists, Pts = Points
Playoff bracket
Note: All dates in 2002.
School meal
Free school meal
A study of a free school meal program in the United States found that providing free meals to elementary and middle school children in areas characterized by high food insecurity led to better school discipline among the students.
2001–02 NHL season
NHL Awards
The NHL Awards presentation took place in Toronto.
School meal
Free school meal
in England, 20.8% of the 8.9 million pupils attending schools in 2020/21 are known to be eligible for free school meals.
Larry D. Alexander
Larry Dell Alexander (born May 30, 1953) is an American artist, writer and Bible teacher from Dermott, Arkansas. Alexander is best known for his detailed "pen and ink" drawings, and his paintings. He is also known for his painting of a "Clinton Family Portrait" oil painting which he gave to U.S. President Bill Clinton in 1995 while he was still in office. It is now a part of the Clinton Presidential Library permanent collection in Little Rock, Arkansas. He is also known for the popular "Arkansas Schools Tours" that he did in the state of Arkansas from 1996 to 2006 to inspire children to pursue their goals in art and education. As a bible teacher, he has written several bible study books based on New Testament and Old Testament books of the Bible, and has also created many bible related drawings and paintings. In recent years he is perhaps better known for his writings and teachings on the Bible
2001–02 NHL season
Debuts
The following is a list of players of note who played their first NHL game in 2001–02 (listed with their first team, stars(*) mark debut in playoffs):
School meal
Reduced price meals
Reduced price meals are also available in some countries to those who need a degree of assistance with costs. Lower-cost meals are available to students in such countries as France, Italy, Hong Kong, Japan, and the United States.
2001–02 NHL season
Last games
The following is a list of players of note that played their last game in the NHL in 2001–02 (listed with their last team):
Larry D. Alexander
Early life and career
After graduating from Dermott High School in May 1971, Alexander moved to Pine Bluff, Arkansas, where he studied architecture at Pines Vocational Technical School, which is now Southeast Arkansas College. One of his earliest series of paintings, the "Dermott Series", depicted his childhood memories of growing up in Dermott,Arkansas. Six of those paintings are now a part of the permanent collection at the Arts and Science Center for Southeast Arkansas in Pine Bluff, Arkansas. His career as a professional artist began when he created several lines of greeting cards in 1991. He called his first line of cards "The Expressions Line", but did not trademark the name. As a result, Hallmark Cards now has used the name on a line of their cards since 1997. His greeting cards are not tied to the Hallmark line in any way. Between 1991 and 1994 he created many drawings, including "Renetta", "Girlfriends", "Cowboy Fiddler", "Young Kennedys", and "Roundup". In 1999 Alexander painted his "Detroit Series", a series of paintings of many sites in Detroit, Michigan. The paintings were first shown at the American Black Artist Institute in Detroit.
In May 1998 Alexander introduced his "Delta Series", of paintings during his annual "Arkansas Schools Tour". The tour was made bigger that year to include stops in Greenville, Mississippi and Memphis, Tennessee. The "Delta series" included paintings of scenes in the Mississippi Delta region of the United States from Monroe, Louisiana to Memphis, Tennessee. It includes a painting of Graceland, Elvis Presley's former home, the "Greenville Courthouse" in Greenville, Mississippi, a painting of the famous "Beale Street" in Memphis, and his painting of a "Cotton Farm" among others. Alexander's most popular series of drawings, "The Sixties Series" has been shown in schools, libraries, and art galleries in several cities since it was completed in 1993. It is made up of drawings of well known people and events of the 1960s, such as the "Selma to Montgomery marches" of 1965, and drawings of Martin Luther King Jr., Lyndon Johnson, Malcolm X, Medgar Evers and Rosa Parks. This series also has drawings about the Vietnam War. Alexander is also a devout Christian who teaches the bible at his church. He has taught Christianity for several years and he also teaches through his books, and online "Weekly Sunday School Lesson" blog, and his online "Book by Book Bible Study" blog. Alexander and his wife, Patricia, live in Texas. They have four children.
Fairbank, Iowa
Fairbank is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Chesterfield, Massachusetts
Chesterfield is a town in Hampshire County, Massachusetts, United States.
Belchertown, Massachusetts
Belchertown is a town in Hampshire County, Massachusetts, United States.
Nigel Calder
Nigel Calder (born Nigel David McKail Ritchie-Calder; 2 December 1931 – 25 June 2014) was a British science writer and television screenwriter.
He wrote for the magazine New Scientist from 1956 until 1966. He was also an editor for the magazine from 1962 until 1966. He soon moved to television screenwriting. He won the Kalinga Prize in 1972.
Calder was born in London, and grew up during World War II. His father was Lord Ritchie-Calder. Nigel Calder was a brother of the historian Angus Calder (1942–2008), mathematician Allan Calder and educationist Isla Calder (1946–2000). He was the father of travel writer Simon Calder and four other children. He was married to Elisabeth Palmer from 1954 until his death.
Calder believed the threat from global warning had been muchly magnified. He helped in making the movie The Great Global Warming Swindle. He also co-authored The Chilling Stars. About global warming, Calder said: "Governments are trying to achieve unanimity by stifling any scientist who disagrees. Einstein could not have got funding under the present system".
Calder died on 25 June 2014 in Crawley, West Sussex, aged 82.
Fairfax, Iowa
Fairfax is a city in Iowa in the United States.
National sports team
National sports team (commonly known as a national team or a national side) is a team that represents a nation, rather than a particular club or region, in an international sport. National teams, like other sporting teams, are often grouped by sex, age or other criteria. The most prestigious national teams are often the senior men's and women's teams. However, they may not be the most popular or successful.
Ahir
Ahir/Aheer also called Yaduvanshi is a Yadav caste found in India and Nepal, The Ahirs were the worshippers of Krishna and their religion was called Bhagavata, others were Buddhists or Jains. They consider themselves descendants of Krishna of the Yaduvansha and traditionally call themselves Yaduvanshi and use their surname Yadav. The term Ahir is a Prakrit form of the Sanskrit word Abhira which means fearless-(cowherd Gopa). Sanskrit scholars such as Panini and Chanakya say that Ahirs follow the Bhagavata sect of Hindu religion. The Ahir (Yadav) community is given representation in government jobs and educational institutes as an Other Backward Class (OBC) in the states of Gujarat(dwarka), Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Haryana, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal.
The Abhira (Ahir) Kshatriyas were named Gope when they protected the cows, and Gopal when they tended and grazed the cows. 23 In the period (from 500 B.C. to 1 B.C.) when the Pali language was prevalent in India, the word 'Gopal was modified to 'Goal' and by further modification it took the form of Gwal. This has been aptly described by an unknown poet 24 in a verse that" due to rearing cattle, the Yadav are called ' Gope', and after being called' Gopal', they are called' Gwal.
Ancient Martial race
The Narayani Army which the Krishna organised and which made him so powerful that his friendship was eagerly sought by the greatest kings of his time, is described in the Mahabharata as being all of the Ahir caste.
Fairfield, Iowa
Fairfield is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Cummington, Massachusetts
Cummington is a town in Hampshire County, Massachusetts, United States.
Janet Malcolm
Janet Clara Malcolm (born Jana Klara Wienerová; July 8, 1934 – June 16, 2021) was an American writer and journalist. She worked at The New Yorker magazine. She was the author of Psychoanalysis: The Impossible Profession (1981), In the Freud Archives (1984), and The Journalist and the Murderer (1990).
Malcolm died from lung cancer at the age of 86 on June 16, 2021, at a hospital in Manhattan.
MD
MD, Md, mD or md may refer to:
Granby, Massachusetts
Granby is a town in Hampshire County, Massachusetts, United States.
Sabah Fakhri
Sabah al-Din Abu Qaws (صباح الدين أبو قوس), also known as Sabah Fakhri (صباح فخري; May 2, 1933 – November 2, 2021), was a Syrian tenor singer. He was well known for his strong vocals. His songs were seen as Maqamat and harmonic.
In 1998, Fakhri became a member of the Syrian parliament.
Farley, Iowa
Farley is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Zhenyuanlong
Zhenyuanlong is a genus of dromaeosaurid dinosaur from the Yixian Formation of Liaoning, China. It lived in the early Cretaceous period, about 125 million years ago.
There is just one specimen. It is estimated the skeleton would have been about 165 centimetres (5.41 ft) long when complete. That means the animal was too large to have flown, especially since early flight was, almost certainly, less efficient than the flight of modern birds. It would surely have looked more like a bird than a modern reptile. This is shown in most reconstructions of dinobirds.
This type specimen has a nearly complete skeleton with traces of feathers, including long tail feathers and large wings. This specimen is the first evidence of well-developed feathers in a large, non-flying dromaeosaur. The feathers probably had two functions: temperature control and signalling.
Periscope
A periscope is an optical instrument that is used to watch a scene from cover. The classical design uses a number of mirrors or prisms, and is used in tanks and submarines.
Theo Adam
Theo Adam (1 August 1926 – 11 January 2019) was a German operatic Bass singer. He was born in Dresden. He had an active international career in operas, concerts, and recitals from the 1940s through the 1990s. His best known works were operas of Richard Wagner. On the concert stage, he was a much admired Bach singer and also drew acclaim for his work of the title character of Felix Mendelssohn's Elijah.
Adam died on 11 January 2019 at the age of 92.
Avant-garde metal
Avant-garde metal (also known as experimental metal or avant-metal) is a type of heavy metal music. It uses many things from experimental music, such as sounds, instruments, and ways of playing music that are not normal. Avant-garde metal is inspired by progressive rock and extreme metal. It sounds similar to progressive metal.
Avant-garde metal started as a type of death metal. Some metal musicians wanted to experiment with their music. They were inspired by progressive rock. Some of the first avant-garde metal bands were Celtic Frost, Meshuggah, Sunn O))), Boris, Voivod and Helmet.
Rob Quist
Robert Ernest Quist (born January 5, 1948) is an American singer, instrumentalist (playing guitar and banjo), songwriter, and politician.
Quist was the Democratic nominee for Montana's House seat in the 2017 special election, but lost the election to Greg Gianforte.
Alvin Ailey
Alvin Ailey (January 5, 1931 – December 1, 1989) was an American ballet dancer and choreographer. He was born in Rogers, Texas.
Esporlatu
Esporlatu (Isporlàtu) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sassari in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 396 people lived there. Its area is 18.4 km². It is 473 meters above sea level.
Hadley, Massachusetts
Hadley is a town in Hampshire County, Massachusetts, United States.
Lance Russell
Lance Russell (March 18, 1926 – October 3, 2017) was a professional wrestling announcer and commentator from 1959 to 1997. He was born in Tennessee.
His primary announcing partner was Dave Brown. He was included in the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA)'s Hall of Fame and Hall of Heroes.
In addition, he was in the United States Wrestling Association's Memphis Wrestling Hall of Fame and Wrestling Observer Newsletter's Hall of Fame.
Russell died in Memphis, Tennessee on October 3, 2017 from complications of a broken hip caused by a fall at the age of 91.
Farmersburg, Iowa
Farmersburg is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Artesia, California
Artesia is a city in southeast Los Angeles County, California.
Tarantella
Some people think that maybe these people never really believed this, but that it was an excuse to dance at a time when the church said that dancing was not allowed. The spider is, in fact, only a little bit poisonous.
Some composers enjoyed writing fast pieces in 6/8 time which they called "Tarantella". Mendelssohn wrote one as the last movement of his Symphony no 4 (the Italian). Chopin and Liszt also wrote Tarantellas.
Huntington, Massachusetts
Huntington is a town in Hampshire County, Massachusetts, United States.
George Hainsworth
George Henry Hainsworth (June 26, 1895 – October 9, 1950) was a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender who played for the Montreal Canadiens and Toronto Maple Leafs in the National Hockey League (NHL).
Karl Skerlan
Karl Skerlan (3 January 1940 – 7 February 2017) was an Austrian football player. He played for Austria between 1958 and 1964. He also played for club teams mainly Wiener Sport-Club and Admira Energie Wien.
Career
Karl Skerlan came to the Wiener Sport-Club from the small Burgenland club ASV Kittsee in 1957. In this season he became champion. For two years(41 games in a row) he remained undefeated with his team and was able to win the championship in 1958/59. Karl Skerlan also achieved great success with the Dornbachers in the European Cup. The highlight was the legendary 7-0 victory over the Italian champions Juventus Turin, in which he also scored a goal.