cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Commodus
Cleander's rise and fall (185–190)
In the same year, Pertinax unmasked a conspiracy by two enemies of Cleander. As a result, Commodus appeared even more rarely in public, preferring to live on his estates. Early in 188, Cleander disposed of the current praetorian prefect, and himself took over supreme command of the Praetorians at the new rank of a pugione ("dagger-bearer") with two praetorian prefects subordinate to him. Now at the zenith of his power, Cleander continued to sell public offices as his private business. The climax came in the year 190, which had 25 suffect consuls—a record in the 1,000-year history of the Roman consulship—all appointed by Cleander (they included the future Emperor Septimius Severus).
In the spring of 190, Rome was afflicted by a food shortage, for which the official actually in charge of the grain supply managed to lay the blame on Cleander. At the end of June, a mob demonstrated against Cleander during a horse race in the Circus Maximus: he sent the praetorian guard to put down the disturbances, but Pertinax, who was now City Prefect of Rome, dispatched the Vigiles Urbani to oppose them.
Cleander fled to Commodus, who was at Laurentum in the house of the Quinctilii, for protection, but the mob followed him calling for his head. At the urging of his mistress Marcia, Commodus had Cleander beheaded and his son killed. Other victims at this time were the praetorian prefect Julius Julianus, Commodus's cousin Annia Fundania Faustina, and his brother-in-law Mamertinus. Papirius Dionysius was executed too.
Commodus continued to rule through a cabal, which now consisted of Marcia, his new chamberlain Eclectus, and the new praetorian prefect Quintus Aemilius Laetus, who about this time also had many Christians freed from working in the mines in Sardinia. Marcia is alleged to have been a Christian.
A new order (190–192)
During 191, the city of Rome was extensively damaged by a fire that raged for several days, during which many public buildings including the Temple of Pax, the Temple of Vesta and parts of the imperial palace were destroyed.
Commodus presented himself as the fountainhead of the Empire and Roman life and religion. He also had the head of the Colossus of Nero adjacent to the Colosseum replaced with his own portrait, gave it a club and placed a bronze lion at its feet to make it look like Hercules, and added an inscription boasting of being "the only left-handed fighter to conquer twelve times one thousand men".
Commodus the gladiator
The emperor also had a passion for gladiatorial combat, which he took so far as to take to the arena himself, dressed as a gladiator. The Romans found Commodus' naked gladiatorial combats to be scandalous and disgraceful. It was rumoured that he was actually the son, not of Marcus, but of a gladiator whom his mother Faustina had taken as a lover at the coastal resort of Caieta. In the arena, Commodus always won since his opponents always submitted to the emperor. Thus, these public fights would not end in a death. Privately, it was his custom to slay his practice opponents. For each appearance in the arena, he charged the city of Rome a million sesterces, straining the Roman economy.
Military officials in Rome were enraged at his behaviour in the arena. Often, wounded soldiers and amputees would be placed in the arena for Commodus to slay with a sword. Citizens of Rome missing their feet through accident or illness were taken to the arena, where they were tethered together for Commodus to club to death while pretending they were giants. These acts may have contributed to his assassination.
Commodus was also known for fighting exotic animals in the arena, often to the horror of the Roman people. According to Gibbon, Commodus once killed 100 lions in a single day. p106 Later, he decapitated a running ostrich with a specially designed dart. and afterwards carried the bleeding head of the dead bird and his sword over to the section where the Senators sat and gesticulated as though they were next. On another occasion, Commodus killed three elephants on the floor of the arena by himself. Finally, Commodus killed a giraffe which was considered to be a strange and helpless beast. p107 "Commodus killed a camelopardalis or giraffe...the most useless of the quadrupeds."
Assassination
In November 192, Commodus held Plebian Games in which he shot hundreds of animals with arrows and javelins every morning, and fought as a gladiator every afternoon, naturally winning all the bouts. In December he announced his intention to inaugurate the year 193 as both consul and gladiator on 1 January.
At this point, the prefect Laetus formed a conspiracy with Eclectus to supplant Commodus with Pertinax, taking Marcia into their confidence. On 31 December Marcia poisoned his food but he vomited up the poison; so the conspirators sent his wrestling partner, Narcissus, to strangle him in his bath. On his death, the Senate declared him a public enemy and restored the original names to the city of Rome and its institutions. Commodus' statues were thrown down.
Commodus was succeeded by Pertinax, whose reign was short lived, being the first to fall victim to the Year of the Five Emperors. Commodus's death marked the end of the Nervan-Antonian dynasty, and the beginning of the end for the Western Roman Empire.
Commodus in popular culture
There are a number of semi-fictional versions of his life. The most notable are the two films:
The Roots
The Roots is an American hip hop band. It was formed in 1987 by Tariq "Black Thought" Trotter and Ahmir "Questlove" Thompson in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. In 2014, the Roots became the house band on NBC's The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon. They were also the house band on Late Night with Jimmy Fallon from 2009 to 2014.
The band is one of the few hip hop groups to use mostly live instruments instead of sampling and to produce electronically. They have released several albums that are very popular within the genre. Things Fall Apart is considered by many to be their best.
Band members
Current members
Former members
Discography
Studio albums
Impfondo
Impfondo is a town of the Republic of the Congo, located on the center in the Likouala Region. It has an national airport, a diocese and a stadium.
The Magnificent Dope
The Magnificent Dope is a 1942 American comedy movie directed by Walter Lang and starring Don Ameche, Henry Fonda, Lynn Bari, Edward Everett Horton, Frank Orth, Hobart Cavanaugh. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Antey-Saint-André
Antey-Saint-André is a comune in the Aosta Valley region in Italy.
Robin Dowell
Robin Dowell (1982 – 16 December 2022) was a British rowing coach.
Biography
Dowell was a succesfull rowing coach at Sir William Borlase's Grammar School in Marlow, the United Kingdom. He coached the junior men's quadruple scull that won the gold medal at the 2015 World Rowing Junior Championships in Rio de Janeiro. It was the first British gold medal in this boat class. He became later a coach at British Rowing in 2015 and 2016, where he coached the Olympic athletes. In 2017 he became Chief Coach for the Swiss national team. Since 2019 he was the personal coach of world champion Jaennine Gmelin.
During a rowing training session while Dowell was on a motorboat, Dowell died at Lake Sarnen on 16 December 2022, at the age of 40.
Sexology
Sexology is the scientific study of human sexual behavior. This includes things like sexual development, gender identity, sexual orientation, and the question of what a normal sexual behavior is. Sexologists also look at questions as to how mentally ill or disabled people see their sexuality, or how the views on sex change during the life of a person. An old person has different motivations to have sex than a young one or a child. Sexology also looks at sexual dysfunctions, offers hints for therapies, and helps people manage them.
Maarit Feldt-Ranta
Maarit Kristiina Feldt-Ranta  (26 April 1968 – 27 November 2019) was a Finnish politician. She represented the Social Democratic Party of Finland. She had represented the electoral district of Uusimaa in the Parliament of Finland from March 2007 through April 2019. In 2017, she was elected as the vice-chair of the party. Feldt-Ranta was born in Karis, Finland.
In January 2019, Feldt-Ranta announced her retirement because she was re-diagnosed with stomach cancer. In May, she stopped treatment. She died six months later on 27 November from the disease at the age of 51.
Moses Gunn
Moses Gunn (October 2, 1929 – December 16, 1993) was an American actor. He co-founded the Negro Ensemble Company in the 1960s. He was known mostly for Broadway stage plays.
Gunn was born in St. Louis, Missouri. He died from asthma at sixty-four.
Aerial warfare
Aerial warfare is fighting a war in the air. This is usually done by using helicopters and airplanes. Bombers and attack aircraft fight enemies on the ground or bomb strategic targets in air raids. Fighter planes fight other airplanes. Transport aircraft carry infantry troops into battle or drop them as paratrooper s.
Insecticide
An insecticide is a poison made to kill insects and spiders.
Insects are very tough animals that have adapted to a great variety of settings. Therefore, the poison used to kill them is also deadly to humans. There can be great danger of eating pesticide when you have vegetables. This is why often people will rub an apple on their jumper before eating it. This adds a nice shine to the apple and rubs away some of the pesticides. If you do not clean the jumper there is a risk pesticide might build up.
9 Metis
9 Metis is one of the biggest main belt asteroids. It is made of silicates and metallic nickel-iron, and may be the core remnant of a big asteroid that was destroyed by an ancient collision.
Discovery and naming
Metis was found by Andrew Graham on April 25, 1848; it was his only asteroid discovery. It is also the only asteroid to have been found as a result of observations from Ireland. Its name comes from the mythological Metis, a Titaness and Oceanid, daughter of Tethys and Oceanus. The name Thetis was also considered and rejected (it would later devolve to 17 Thetis).
Characteristics
Metis' direction of rotation is unknown at present.
Hubble space telescope images and lightcurve analyses are in agreement that Metis has a non-spherical stretched shape with one pointed and one broad end. Radar observations suggest the presence of a significant flat area, in agreement with the shape model from lightcurves.
Light curve data on Metis led to an assumption that it could have a moon. However, subsequent observations failed to confirm this. Later searches with the Hubble Space Telescope in 1993 found no moons.
Occultations
Metis has been seen to occult stars no less than 5 times.
UNN
UNN could mean:
Game (game theory)
A game in game theory is a mathematical model, which is used to describe a process, as follows: This definition excludes all "games" where there is only one actor. Game theory developed from describing very specific games into a model that is used for strategic decision-making. John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern first described game theory. Other people known for their work in game theory include Émile Borel.
Le Châtelard, Fribourg
Le Châtelard is a municipality of the district of Glâne in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.
Suresh Bhattarai
Suresh Bhattarai is a Nepalese physicist and astrophysicist who is a physics lecturer at the Department Of Physics at Tri-Chandra Multiple Campus and also is the Current Chairperson Of Nepal Astronomical Society (NASO).
Extra-sensory perception
Extra-sensory perception (ESP) is being able to know things without using the recognized physical senses.
The study of extra-sensory perception is part of parapsychology. Almost all scientists think of it as pseudoscience.
Arnad
Arnad is a comune in the Aosta Valley region in Italy.
List of states and union territories of India by area
The following is a list of states and territories of The Republic of India by area according to the census of 2011. India consists of 28 states and eight union territories.
Angus King
Angus Stanley King, Jr. (born March 31, 1944) is an American politician and the junior United States Senator from the state of Maine. A political independent, he served as the 72nd Governor of Maine from 1995 to 2003.
Ashley Estes Kavanaugh
Ashley Estes Kavanaugh is an American public official and former political aide. Since 2004, she has been the wife of Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States Brett Kavanaugh.
Kavanaugh was born in Abilene, Texas.
Angus King
King won Maine's United States Senate election in Maine, 2012 and took office on January 3, 2013. For committee assignment purposes, he caucuses with the Democratic Party.
List of states and union territories of India by area
List
Source:Area of states
Butler, Alabama
Butler is a city in Choctaw County, Alabama, United States. At the 2020 census the population was 1,871. The city is the county seat of Choctaw County.
List of states and union territories of India by area
List
The area figures of states and union territories do not add up to area of India because:
Agnes Baker Pilgrim
Agnes Emma Baker Pilgrim (September 11, 1924 – November 27, 2019) was a Native American spiritual elder. She was born near Grants Pass, Oregon. She was the oldest member of her tribe, the Takelma.
Pilgrim was Elected Chairperson of the International Council of 13 Indigenous Grandmothers at its founding in 2004. "She was honored as a "Living Treasure" by the Confederated Tribes of Siletz, and as a "Living Cultural Legend" by the Oregon Council of the Arts." She was Leader of the Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians.
Butler, Alabama
Education
Public education is provided by the Choctaw County School District. Choctaw County High School has grades 7 through 12. Choctaw County Elementary School has grades K through 6. Patrician Academy is a private school (grades pre-K through 12) located in Butler.
Röthenbach bei Herzogenbuchsee
Röthenbach bei Herzogenbuchsee was a municipality in Wangen in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.
On 1 January 2009, Wanzwil and Röthenbach bei Herzogenbuchsee became part of Heimenhausen.
Storm history of Hurricane Ivan
The storm history of Hurricane Ivan, the longest tracked tropical cyclone of the 2004 Atlantic hurricane season, lasted from late August through late September. The hurricane developed from a tropical wave that moved off the coast of Africa on August 31. Moving westward from the effects of a ridge, favorable conditions allowed it to develop into Tropical Depression Nine on September 2 in the deep tropical Atlantic Ocean. The cyclone slowly intensified until September 5, when it underwent rapid deepening and reached Category 4 status on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale; at the time Ivan was the southernmost major hurricane on record.
Ivan quickly weakened because of dry air, but it slowly reorganized itself, passing just south of Grenada as a major hurricane on September 7. The hurricane strengthened into a Category 5 hurricane while in the central Caribbean Sea. Over next the days its intensity changed largely due to eyewall replacement cycles, and Ivan passed just south of Jamaica, the Cayman Islands, and western Cuba with winds at or slightly below Category 5 status. Turning northward and encountering unfavorable conditions, Ivan slowly weakened before making landfall just west of Gulf Shores, Alabama, on September 16 with winds of 120 mph (195 km/h). The cyclone quickly weakened to tropical depression status as it turned to the northeast, and Ivan transitioned into an extratropical cyclone on September 18.
The remnant low of Ivan turned to the south and southwest, and after crossing Florida on September 21 it began to regain tropical characteristics. It became a tropical depression again on September 22 to the southeast of Louisiana, and Ivan reached winds of 60 mph (95 km/h) before weakening and moving ashore along southwestern Louisiana as a tropical depression; the circulation of Ivan dissipated after crossing into Texas on September 25. The cyclone broke several intensity records, and its duration was the tenth longest on record for an Atlantic hurricane.
Formation and intensification
On August 31, a large tropical wave moved off the west coast of Africa. A tropical system along the wave axis contained a low pressure area as well as an impressive outflow pattern, though originally its convection was disorganized and limited. By September 1 a cyclonic circulation with a diameter of 690 mile (1115 km) was seen on satellite imagery, well to the southeast of the Cape Verde Islands, and several hurricane forecast models expected development and strengthening. As it moved quickly westward, the convection organized and developed into rainbands–bands of showers and thunderstorms that move in a spiral direction towards the center of the storm–and late on September 1 meteorologists began tracking the system using the Dvorak technique. Low amounts of wind shear and favorable outflow allowed strong deep convection to develop and persist near the center, and by 1800 UTC on September 2 the system developed into Tropical Depression Nine about 450 miles (730 km) southwest of Praia, Cape Verde.
After being classified as a tropical cyclone, the depression was embedded within a deep easterly steering current provided by a ridge to its north. Expected to move across sea surface temperatures greater than 82 °F (28 °C), the cyclone was forecasted to slowly strengthen and within four days become a hurricane; the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory predicted the depression to reach Category 4 status on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale within three days. Increased northeasterly wind shear shifted the center to the northeastern edge of the deep convection, and despite the shear and its relatively low latitude of 9.7° N, the depression strengthened to attain tropical storm status early on September 3; upon reaching the intensity, the National Hurricane Center classified the system as Tropical Storm Ivan.
Tropical Storm Ivan slowly became more organized as wind shear decreased, and its outflow expanded in all quadrants. Satellite imagery late on September 3 showed a well-defined curved band wrapping around much of the circulation. The next day, the deep convection temporarily became disorganzied, before reorganizing and developing an eye feature. Convection strengthened further as the feature transitioned into an eye, and Ivan became a hurricane at around 0600 UTC on September 5. After reaching hurricane status, Ivan began to rapidly intensify with continued favorable conditions, and in an 18 hour period the pressure dropped 39 mbar (1.15 inHg) as the winds increased by 60 mph (95 km/h); early on September 6 Ivan reached its first peak intensity of 135 mph (215 km/h) while about 825 miles (1330 km) east of the island of Tobago in the southern Lesser Antilles.
While at major hurricane status, Ivan kept very strong convection in its core with a well-defined eye. Operationally, the probability for further rapid strengthening was considered nearly nine times the average of a normal hurricane. Accordingly, Ivan was forecasted to pass near Barbados with winds of about 150 mph (240 km/h). Shortly after becoming a Category 4 hurricane, the outer convection of the hurricane became ragged. Hurricane Hunters found a Saharan Air Layer in the northern portion of the eye, leaving the eyewall eroded which caused a marked decrease in winds; by late on September 6 Ivan weakened to winds of 105 mph (165 km/h). The inner eyewall died out as a 23 mile (37 km) outer eyewall became took over, and at the same time, the overall organization of the hurricane improved. Ivan then re-gained major hurricane status as it approached the Lesser Antilles, and at 2130 UTC on September 7 the cyclone passed 7 miles (11 km) south-southwest of the southern tip of Grenada, its closest approach to the island. At the time, the hurricane maintained an eye diameter of 12 miles (19 km), with the northern portion of the eyewall producing strong winds on the island.
Caribbean Sea
Shortly after peaking in intensity, the hurricane again weakened as it underwent an eyewall replacement cycle. At 1415 UTC on September 12 Ivan passed 25 miles (40 km) south-southwest of George Town, Cayman Islands, with winds of 150 mph (240 km/h). After its eyewall became re-established Ivan attained Category 5 status for a third time early on September 13. Shortly thereafter, a trough created a weakness in the ridge to its north, causing the hurricane to turn to the northwest. The combination of the combination of enhanced outflow from the trough and very warm waters allowed Ivan to maintain Category 5 status for 30 hours. Early on September 14 the hurricane passed through the Yucatán Channel about 17 miles (28 km) southwest of Cabo San Antonio, Cuba, with the eastern portion of the eyewall crossing the western portion of the island.
Gulf of Mexico and Alabama landfall
After entering the southern Gulf of Mexico, Hurricane Ivan weakened to Category 4 status by 0600 UTC on September 14. As it slowly turned to the north, southwesterly flow from a large trough over the central United States increased wind shear over the hurricane. An eyewall replacement cycle, along with dry air and restricted outflow, contributed to the weakening. By late on September 14 the weakening trend ceased as the eyewall became better defined, and Ivan was expected to restrengthen a little bit over an area of warmer water temperatures. The eye diameter expanded to 60 miles (95 km/h), though concurrently westerly wind shear and dry continued to increase. As Ivan approached the Gulf Coast of the United States, Hurricane Hunters reported erosion of the southern portion of the eyewall, and cooler waters just offshore contributed to further weakening. At around 0650 UTC on September 16, Hurricane Ivan made landfall just west of Gulf Shores, Alabama, with winds of 120 mph (195 km/h); the strongest winds occurred over a narrow area near the southern Alabama and western Florida border.
Graf, Iowa
Graf is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Storm history of Hurricane Ivan
Redevelopment and demise
After becoming an extratropical low, the remnants of Ivan turned to the southeast and entered into the Atlantic Ocean, due to the building of an upper-level ridge to its east. As an extratropical cyclone, Ivan remained identifiable in both surface and upper-level data, and the system turned south and southwestward over the next few days. By September 20, the system was off the east coast of Florida, creating scattered thunderstorms; unfavorable wind shear stopped tropical redevelopment, though forecasters mentioned the possibility for more favorable conditions a few days later. On September 21 the low crossed southern Florida and emerged into the Gulf of Mexico, and as it moved across the warm waters of the region the low began to re-acquire tropical characteristics; the low-level circulation became increasingly better defined, and convection redeveloped over the center. Based on reports from Hurricane Hunters, it is estimated the low redeveloped into Tropical Depression Ivan late on September 22 while about 175 miles (280 km) south-southeast of the mouth of the Mississippi River.
In its first advisory on the re-developed cyclone, the National Hurricane Center classified the system Ivan after considerable and sometimes animated in-house discussion of [its demise]... in the midst of a low-pressure and surface frontal system over the eastern United States... based primarily on the reasonable continuity observed in the analysis of the surface and low-level circulation. In spite of unfavorable wind shear and its disorganized cloud structure, the cyclone strengthened to tropical storm status early on September 23, based on Hurricane Hunter reports. As an area of deep convection developed over the center, Ivan reached winds of 60 mph (95 km/h), though the winds decreased as thunderstorm activity diminished. Ivan weakened to a tropical depression at 0000 UTC on September 24, and two hours later it moved ashore near Holly Beach, Louisiana.
Records
Ivan became the southernmost major hurricane on record after reaching Category 3 status on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale at 10.2° N. Additionally, the hurricane reached Category 4 and Category 5 status further south than any other Atlantic hurricane. At the time, Ivan was the sixth most intense Atlantic hurricane on record; but has now dropped to the tenth most intense Atlantic hurricane. Throughout its existence, Ivan kept winds of major hurricane status or greater for a total of 10 days, establishing an Atlantic hurricane record. Lasting as a tropical cyclone for a total of 450 hours, Ivan was the tenth longest tracked Atlantic hurricane on record. After making its first landfall in the United States, the hurricane spawned a total of 117 tornadoes, which is the largest tornado outbreak caused by a tropical cyclone; this broke the previous record of 115 set by Hurricane Beulah in 1967.
Jack Costanzo
Jack Costanzo (September 24, 1919 – August 18, 2018) was an American percussionist, dancer, composer, bandleader and actor. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. Costanzo was known for his works with Marlon Brando, Rita Moreno and for his appearances on The Ed Sullivan Show. Costanzo formed his own band in the 1950s which recorded and toured internationally.
Costanzo died of complications from an aneurysm at his home in Lakeside, California on August 18, 2018, aged 98.
Spontaneous symmetry breaking
Spontaneous symmetry breaking is a way symmetry breaks in a physical system. The underlying laws do not change, but the system as a whole changes. Symmetry breaking in physics occurs when a system is crossing a critical point. Small fluctuations decide the system's fate, by determining which branch is taken.
Examples
There are several examples of spontaneous symmetry in nature.
Uses for spontaneous symmetry breaking
Spontaneous symmetry breaking can create a particle called a Higgs boson. This is a particle which is the force transferring particle (boson) of the Higgs field. The Higgs field gives mass to fundamental particles such as electrons. Also, many scientists believe in the Higgs effect (which is very similar to spontaneous symmetry breaking) to answer questions that are not answered in the standard model of physics. The standard model predicts that certain types of quarks should have a mass of zero, while in reality they have a non-zero mass value. Some scientists believe that spontaneous symmetry breaking is the answer.
Method of spontaneous symmetry breaking
For spontaneous symmetry breaking to happen, you need an environment which is completely symmetrical, and has at least two outcomes that are equally likely. Spontaneous symmetry breaking starts with two particles that are completely equal; their spin is equal, too. Mathematically, spontaneous symmetry breaking can be extremely puzzling, since you start out with two identical things and end up with two non-identical things. However, in practice, it is not so puzzling. If you have two particles moving at each other with equal speed, it would seem impossible for either of them to do anything but be symmetrical. However, if each particle has an equal 50-50 chance to be spinning one way or another, it is possible–in theory and in practice–to have this symmetry broken. It begins with symmetry to start with because the particles have an equal and symmetrical 50-50 chance of spinning one way or another.
University Hospital of North Norway
The University Hospital of North Norway or UNN (Norwegian: Universitetssykehuset Nord-Norge) is a hospital that helps people with medical problems. It is part of the Northern Norway Regional Health Authority and helps people who live in the counties of Nordland, and Troms og Finnmark. The hospital has eleven clinics where patients can get treatment, diagnosis, and research. The hospital provides services to people who live in the Tromsø area. UNN also runs an emergency medical communication center and ambulance stations in Nordland and Troms og Finnmark.
Head of a Woman (Filippini)
Head of a Woman (also known as Testa di donna) is a 19th-century late impressionist oil painting by Francesco Filippini. It was painted about 1876, in Milano, Italy. Is in the collection of the Modern art gallery of Novara (inv. n. GG 555).
Description
The painting "Head of a Woman" by Filippini is similar to the painting "Woman with a green dress" of 1877, exhibited at the Exhibition of 19th century Brescia painting in 1934 (cat. No. 330). Green is one of the most important colors of Filippini, and of great difficulty in the artistic management of its shades.
John Thompson (basketball)
John Robert Thompson Jr. (September 2, 1941 – August 30, 2020) was an American college basketball coach, player and sports commentator. He coached for the Georgetown Hoyas between 1972 to 1999.
In 1984, he became the first African-American head coach to win a major collegiate championship. During his basketball playing career, he played for the Boston Celtics. He was born in Washington, D.C..
Thompson was honored into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame on October 1, 1999.
Archimedes' screw
Archimedes wrote about it when he was in Alexandria, Egypt. It is not known for certain whether he did invent it, but it is always attributed to him. The Archimedes screw is still much in use all over the world.
There is also a kind of reverse Archimedes' screw. Water poured in on top turns the screw. The turning drives an electric generator, which makes electricity. It is good for rivers with modest water drops ('low heads'). The reverse screw has the same benefits as using the screw for pumping: it can handle very dirty water and widely varying rates of flow, with high efficiency.
Grand Junction, Iowa
Grand Junction is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Grafton, Iowa
Grafton is a city in Iowa in the United States with a population of 283.
List of title and honours of the Spanish Crown
The Crown of Spain (1516 – present) is a series of titles and honors given to the reigning monarch of Spain. The Spanish Empire at its height was very powerful, in fact it was one of the most powerful empires. The Kingdom of Spain used to be the Crown of Castile, and the Crown of Aragon. Both kingdoms united when Isabella I married Ferdinand II of Aragon. Both crowns descended to their daughter Joanna of Castile. The Spanish Empire for a couple decades was united with the Hapsburg Empire. Today the king of Spain is Felipe VI. Felipe holds the main title as "King of Spain" but not as Holy Roman Emperor nor King of Gibraltar. The Kingdom was taken by the British and the current head of state of Gibraltar is Queen Elizabeth II of Great Britan and the united Kingdom and the common wealth.
Angus King
King was born on March 31, 1944 in Alexandria, Virginia. He studied at Dartmouth College and at University of Virginia. King has been married to Mary Harman since 1984. They have five children. He now lives in Brunswick, Maine.
Jason Miyares
Jason Stuart Miyares (born February 11, 1976) is an American attorney and politician. He is the 48th and current Attorney General of Virginia since January 15, 2022. He is a Republican. Before becoming attorney general, he was a member of the Virginia House of Delegates from 2016 to 2022.
Grand Mound, Iowa
Grand Mound is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Marion McClinton
Marion McClinton (July 26, 1954 – November 28, 2019) was an American theatre director, playwright, and actor. He was born in Saint Paul, Minnesota.
He was nominated for the Tony Award for King Hedley II. He won the 2000 Vivian Robinson Audelco Black Theatre Awards, Director/Dramatic Production and the 1999–2000 Obie Awards, Direction, for Jitney, and was nominated for the Drama Desk Award. He directed an Off-Broadway production of Pure Confidence in May 2009 as part of Americas Off Broadway Festival.
McClinton died from renal failure in Saint Paul on November 28, 2019, at age 65.
850
For the American area code see area code 850.
Events Births Deaths
Caribbean poetry
Caribbean poetry is a vast and vibrant field of poetry. It spans the poetry of many countries, including Cuba, Puerto Rico, Dominica, Haiti, Trinidad, Jamaica, and Martinique.
Caribbean poets often write poetry in English, French, or Spanish. However, Caribbean poetry is also written in Dutch, Hindustani, or any number of creole languages. Many poets in this region celebrate their hybrid culture writing in a hybrid or creole language.
Popular themes include: exile and return to the homeland, self-determination, migration, love, and liberty.
Further reading
The New Oxford Book of Caribbean Verse, edited by Stewart Brown and Mark McWatt.
They Came on Ships: an Anthology of Indo-Guyanese Writing by Ian McDonald, Joel Benjamin, and Lakshmi Kallicharan.
Coolie Odyssey by David Dabydeen.
Jhapa 1 (constituency)
Jhapa 1 (झापा १) is one of five parliamentary constituencies of Jhapa District in Nepal. This constituency came into existence on the Constituency Delimitation Commission (CDC) report submitted on 31 August 2017.
Incorporated areas
Jhapa 1 incorporates Mechinagar Municipality, ward 9 and 10 of Bhadrapur Municipality and wards 4–7 of Buddhashanti Rural Municipality.
Assembly segments
It encompasses the following Koshi Provincial Assembly segment
Grand River, Iowa
Grand River is a city in Iowa in the United States.
2021 New Jersey gubernatorial election
The 2021 New Jersey gubernatorial election took place on November 2, 2021, to elect the governor of New Jersey.
Current Democratic Governor Phil Murphy, who was first elected in 2017 with 56% of the vote, ran for reelection to a second term. He formally announced his plans to run for a second term on October 1, 2020. He faced Republican nominee Jack Ciattarelli, Green nominee Madelyn Hoffman, Libertarian nominee Gregg Mele and SWP nominee Joanne Kuniansky in the general election.
Based on polling numbers, many thought Murphy was going to easily win re-election. Murphy beat Ciattarelli in a result that was closer than expected. Murphy is the first Democratic Governor of New Jersey to win re-election since Brendan Byrne in 1977.
Murphy was sworn in for a second term on January 18, 2022.
The Ed Sullivan Show
The Ed Sullivan Show was an American television variety show that ran on CBS from June 20, 1948, to June 6, 1971, and was hosted by New York entertainment columnist Ed Sullivan. The show was originally known as Toast Of The Town in the 1940s and in the 1950s.
The Ed Sullivan Show was known for introducing and giving a bigger name for acts such as Elvis Presley, The Jackson 5, and more infamously, The Beatles.
It was replaced in September 1971 by the CBS Sunday Night Movie.
Grandview, Iowa
Grandview is a city in Iowa in the United States.
IOS 5
iOS 5 is the fifth major version of Apple's mobile operating system, iOS. It came after iOS 4, and was replaced by iOS 6, which was released on September 19, 2012. The current version of iOS 5 is iOS 5.1.1.
History
iOS 5 was announced during Apple's Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) 2011. Support was dropped for the iPhone 3G and the iPod Touch (2nd generation), and devices that are supported are the iPhone 3GS and later, the iPod Touch (3rd generation) and later, and the first generation iPad and later.
When the iPhone 4S was announced on October 4, 2011, the release date for iOS 5 was also announced. iOS 5 was released on October 12, 2011.
Granger, Iowa
Granger is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Plamen Oresharski
Plamen Vasilev Oresharski (Пламен Василев Орешарски; born 21 February 1960) is a Bulgarian politician. He was the Prime Minister of Bulgaria from May 29, 2013 to August 6, 2014. He was Minister of Finance from 2005 to 2009 in the Cabinet of the Triple Coalition with Prime Minister Sergei Stanishev.
IOS 5
iCloud
Apple's cloud-based service, iCloud, came as part of the iOS 5 update. This feature allows users to sync their music, pictures, videos, and more across all of their devices that have iCloud on them. Each user is given 5 gigabytes of storage for free, but they are allowed to sync unlimited amounts of music, apps, books, and photos.
New apps
A new feature called iMessage, built into the Messages app, allows anyone with an iOS device to send unlimited messages to people with iOS 5. It also allows iPhone users to send text messages to people who don't have an iOS device. The Messages app used to be only on the iPhone, but iOS 5 brought it to the iPod Touch and iPad.
The Reminders app allows users to make lists and alerts that can be based on a date or a location.
The Newsstand app is not a real app, but it is a folder that shows the newspapers and magazines that the user is subscribed to.
Other new features
iOS 5 allows devices to sync with iTunes wirelessly for the first time, without being connected to a computer. iOS devices can also be activated and updated over a wireless network for the first time.
In iOS 5, you can get to the camera quickly from the lock screen swiping up on the camera icon. Users can get to the camera without having to enter a passcode, but you can only use the camera. At first, you had to double-click the home button on the lock screen to get to the camera button, but it was changed in iOS 5.1 so that you could swipe up on the camera button.
Notification Center was introduced in iOS 5, and it also changed how notifications are displayed. Instead of a message that appears in the middle of the screen, stopping what was going on at the time, they appear in a banner on the top of the screen. You can access Notification Center by swiping down from the top of the screen, where it is hidden, and it shows notifications that happened in the past.
Ministry for Intra-German Relations
The Federal Ministry of Intra-German Relations (Bundesministium für innerdeutsche Beziehungen) was a federal ministry of the Federal Republic of Germany. It was responsible for all relations with the East German government. This was because the West German government said there should be only one Germany. This meant they could not use the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, because they could not admit that East Germany was a foreign country.
The ministry was created in 1949 as the Federal Ministry of All-German Affairs (Bundesministerium für gesamtdeutsche Fragen). This ministry was also in charge of matters about the German lands east of the Oder-Neisse-Line which had become a part of Poland. The ministry was renamed in 1969 when Willy Brandt signed a treaty with Poland which said that Poland's western border was along the Oder and Neisse Rivers. This was part of Willy Brandt's ideas of Ostpolitik. At that time Poland was under a communist government. They could not allow West Germany to sign a treaty about East Germany's borders, which is why the treaty says "the western border of Poland" and not "the border between Germany and Poland".
Jaegwon Kim
Jaegwon Kim (Daegu, September 12, 1934 – November 27, 2019) was a Korean-American philosopher. He was an emeritus professor at Brown University, but who also taught at several other leading American universities. He was best known for his work on mental causation and the mind-body problem. His issues are well represented by the papers collected in Supervenience and Mind: Selected Philosophical Essays (1993).
Kim died on November 27, 2019 at the age of 85.
Röthenbach im Emmental
Röthenbach im Emmental is a municipality in the administrative district Emmental in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.
Shot (ice hockey)
A shot in ice hockey is an attempt by a player to score a goal by hitting the puck with their stick in the direction of the net.
Ken Dryden
Kenneth Wayne "Ken" Dryden, PC OC, (born August 8, 1947) is a Canadian retired NHL goaltender. Born in Hamilton, Ontario, on August 8, 1947, Dryden was originally drafted by the Boston Bruins in 1964. Rather than play in Boston, Dryden decided to pursue a Bachelor of Arts degree at Cornell University, where he also played hockey until his graduation in 1969.
Dryden was the member of the Canadian Parliament for York Centre from 2004 to 2011.
Siviriez
Siviriez is a municipality of the district Glâne in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.
History
On 1 January 1978, the former municipalities of Villaranon and Le Saulgy merged into the municipality of Siviriez and on 1 January 2004 the former municipalities of Prez-vers-Siviriez, Villaraboud and Chavannes-les-Forts merged into Siviriez.
Eponymous (album)
Track listing
All songs written by Bill Berry, Peter Buck, Mike Mills and Michael Stipe:
Side one – "Early"
Notes
Claudia Rankine
Claudia Rankine (born in 1963 in Kingston, Jamaica) is a Jamaican poet and experimental playwright. Her work deals with racism, discrimination, and social justice.
She is the author of Just Us: An American Conversation, Citizen: An American Lyric, and Nothing in Nature is Private.
Kwame Dawes
Kwame Dawes is a poet born in Ghana in 1962.
Claudia Rankine
Honors
Rankine has won fellowships from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Academy of American Poets, the National Endowment for the Arts, the Lannan Foundation, and the Guggenheim Foundation. In 2013, she was elected as a chancellor of the Academy of American Poets. In 2014 she received a Lannan Literary Award.
Kwame Dawes
Dawes was raised in Jamaica. He now lives in Nebraska where he is the editor of Prairie Schooner.
His poetry relates to the Reggae music. He wrote a book called Bob Marley: Lyrical Genius (2007).
His poetry books include: Wisteria: Poems From the Swamp Country (2006), Impossible Flying (2006), Back of Mount Peace (2009), Hope’s Hospice (2009), Wheels (2011), Duppy Conqueror: New and Selected Poems (2013), and City of Bones: A Testament (2017).
Rubigen
Rubigen is a municipality of the Bern-Mittelland administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.
Kwame Dawes
Dawes also reported on HIV/AIDS in Jamaica and Haiti after the earthquake (2012).
Voiceless velar plosive
The voiceless velar stop is a type of consonant. The letter for this sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet is ⟨⟩. The X-SAMPA symbol for this sound is <tt>⟨k⟩</tt>. The English language has this sound, and it is the sound represented by the "c" in care and the "k" in kiss.
Suzan DelBene
Suzan DelBene (born February 17, 1962) is an American politician.
Political career
DelBene has been a member of the United States House of Representatives since 2012.
She first tried to be elected as a Representative in 2010 but lost.
She won the 2012 Representative elections. She also won the race to finish Jay Inslee's term in the House. Jay Inslee decided to leave early. She is a member of the Democratic Party, and she represents part of Washington state.
Personal life
DelBene was born in Selma, Alabama. She went to college at Reed University. Later, she went to the University of Washington.
DelBene lives in Medina, Washington. Medina is part of the area that she represents in Congress.
Liberia civil wars
There were two civil wars in Liberia, which lasted from 1989 to 2003. Liberia is made of multiple ethnic groups. In the civil wars these groups fought for power and influence. On the other hand, there were warlords, who fought each other. The civil wars were also about who had control of the natural resources of the country. Child soldiers were common during these wars.
The first war lasted from 1989 to 1996. Charles Taylor started an armed uprising against president Samuel Doe. Doe was quickly captured, and one of Taylor's associates, Yormie Johnson, tortured him to death. Johnson later split from Taylor, and founded his own movement. The supporters of Doe also founded their own movement, fighting went on between the different factions. All parties were very brutal when it came to interactions with civilians. Joshua Milton Blahyi, a young warlord, who was better known as General Butt Naked, was especially cruel. Using child soldiers, he is said to have killed 20,000 civilians. The UN enforced an embargo against Liberia.
At the same time, there was a civil war in Sierra Leone. Charles Taylor supported a rebel force in Sierra Leone. He is said to have traded with blood diamonds.
Saint Radbod
Radbod or Radboud (before 850 - 917) was bishop of Utrecht from 900 to 917.
Liberia civil wars
The first war lasted until 1996. In 1997, Taylor was elected president. He obtained about 75% of the votes, the elections were called free and fair.
Saint Radbod
He was the grandson of the last King of the Frisians. He spent his youth with his uncle, Gunther, bishop of Cologne. After that, he served at the court of Charles the Bald.
When he was appointed as bishop of Utrecht in 900, the city was in ruins after a number of Norman raids. Like his predecessors, he was seated instead at Deventer.
He died in Ootmarsum in 917. His feast date is November 29.
Liberia civil wars
Because of both wars, about 250,000 people were killed. Over a million became displaced people or refugees. Some stayed in refugee camps in Liberia, others fled to the neighboring countries.
The wars had a big impact on the economy, which can still be seen. In some regions in Liberia, up to 85% of the workforce are unemployed.
Olga Prokhvatylo
Death
After having back pains, Prokhvatylo died in Moscow on June 8, 2013 from heart failure.
East Sussex
Location
It is bordered by the counties of Kent, Surrey and West Sussex, and to the south by the English Channel.
Russo brothers
Anthony Russo (born February 3, 1970) and Joseph Russo (born July 18, 1971) are American directors, producers, screenwriters, and actors. They direct most of their work together.
They are best known for directing four movies in the Marvel Cinematic Universe: Captain America: The Winter Soldier (2014), Captain America: Civil War (2016), Avengers: Infinity War (2018), and Avengers: Endgame (2019).
Buru
Buru is an island in Indonesia. About a third of the people are indigenous, mostly Buru, but also Lisela, Ambelau and Kayeli people. Between 1658 and 1942, Buru was colonised by the Dutch East India Company and then by the Crown of the Netherlands. The Japanese army had the island between 1942 and 1945. In 1950, it became part of independent Indonesia. During president Suharto's New Order administration in the 1960s–1970s, Buru was a prison for thousands of political prisoners. The famous Indonesian writer Pramoedya Ananta Toer wrote most of his novels, including Buru Quartet in that prison.