cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Lafcadio Hearn
Later life in Japan
On 26 September 1904, he died of heart failure. He was 54 years old. His grave is at the Zōshigaya Cemetery in Toshima, Tokyo.
In the late 19th century, Westerners knew little about Japan. However, the Exposition Universelle of 1900 made Japanese styles fashionable in Western countries. So, Hearn became well-known because of his books about Japan. Later, some critics said Hearn made Japan seem too exotic. But, he gave the West some of its first descriptions of pre-industrial and Meiji Era Japan, so his work has value.
Books by Hearn about Japan
Source:
Further reading
Trilingual Book: Greek, English tr. Constantine Fourakis, Japanese tr. Ban'ya Natsuishi
Padangbai
Padangbai is a small town in eastern Bali, Indonesia. It serves as a ferry port for travel to Lombok, The Gilis and other of the Lesser Sunda Islands. It is also a lovely beach town that is popular with those who prefer a small town atmosphere over the large scale beach party that is Kuta.
Besides the beach near the ferry terminal there is a beach just to the north known locally as the Blue Lagoon and the especially nice Secret Beach just to the south of town. These pleasant beaches have clusters of small family owned warungs that will be glad to prepare a meal and serve beer.
Gary Oldman
Gary Leonard Oldman (born 21 March 1958) is a British actor and filmmaker. He is known for his starring role in the 1992 movie Dracula and as Prime Minister Winston Churchill in the 2017 movie Darkest Hour.
His other roles include Sid Vicious in "Sid and Nancy", Sirius Black in the Harry Potter movies, George Smiley in Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy, Jean-Baptiste Emmanuel Zorg in The Fifth Element, Egor Korshunov in Air Force One, Norman Stansfield in Léon: The Professional, and as James Gordon in The Dark Knight Trilogy.
In 2018, for his role as Churchill, Oldman was awarded a Golden Globe Award, a BAFTA Award, a Satellite Award, a Screen Actors Guild Award and an Academy Award.
Early life
Oldman was born in New Cross, London on 21 March 1958. He is the son of housewife Kathleen (née Cheriton; born 28 November 1919), and Leonard Bertram Oldman (21 May 1921 – October 1985), a former sailor who also worked as a welder. Oldman has stated that his father was an alcoholic who left the family when Oldman was 7 years old. Oldman attended West Greenwich School in Deptford, leaving school at the age of 16 to work in a sports shop.
Career
Oldman has earned renown for his classical acting style and diversity, being hailed by famous movie critics such as Roger Ebert and Peter Travers as one of cinema's great actors. Peer Colin Firth described him as "a very strong candidate for the world’s best living actor". An Academy Award nominee, Oldman has won two BAFTA Awards and a Saturn Award, as well as Emmy Award, Screen Actors Guild Award, and Palme d'Or nominations.
Influence
Oldman's performances during his career have provided inspiration for younger actors who would go on to enjoy successful Hollywood careers: Tom Hardy has described Oldman as his "absolute complete and utter hero", and "hands down, the greatest actor that's ever lived"; Brad Pitt, Daniel Radcliffe, Benedict Cumberbatch and Ryan Gosling have also cited Oldman as their favourite actor. Other actors such as Christian Bale, Shia LaBeouf, Joseph Gordon-Levitt, Johnny Depp, Chris Pine, Jason Isaacs and Michael Fassbender have praised Oldman as well.
Personal life
Oldman married his first wife, Lesley Manville, in 1987 but left her in 1989 three months after their son, Alfie, was born. He met American actress Uma Thurman on the set of State of Grace, and they were married in 1990, but the marriage ended two years later. Oldman then settled into a relationship with actress and model Isabella Rossellini. The couple were rumoured to be engaged in July 1994 but separated two years later. Oldman was married to Donya Fiorentino from 1997 to 2001 and they have two sons, Gulliver Flynn (b. 20 August 1997) and Charlie John (b. 11 February 1999).
Stick
A stick is a long, slender piece of wood, usually a branch from a tree without the leaves.
Stick may mean:
In objects of similar shape:
In nicknames:
Kirchheim, Bas-Rhin
Kirchheim is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.
Leathermouth
Leathermouth (also spelled as LeATHERMØUTH ) is an American hardcore punk band. The band was started in 2007 by My Chemical Romance's guitarist Frank Iero. On January 2009, the band released their first album, XO.
Brett Gurewitz
Brett W. Gurewitz (born May 12, 1962 in Los Angeles, California), nicknamed Mr. Brett, is an American guitarist. He is the guitarist and a songwriter of the punk rock band, Bad Religion. He is also the owner of the music label Epitaph Records. He left and returned to Bad Religion twice and is still with the band today.
Leathermouth
History
Leathermouth started in 2007 by some friends of My Chemical Romance's rhythm guitarist Frank Iero. Iero heard a few demo songs from the band, and wanted to sign the band to his own independent label. He later joined the band after the first lead singer did not write any lyrics to the songs. As a member of Leathermouth, this is the first band where he writes the lyrics and does lead vocals. Iero uses the band as a way to express about the way he sees the world and also to let out his personal problems with depression and anxiety. Leathermouth played their first shows in the summer of 2008 alongside Warship for the Fall 2008 Reggie and the Full Effect "Farewell Tour". Iero hopes to tour with Leathermouth when he is not working with My Chemical Romance.
In October 2008, Leathermouth signed to Epitaph Records, rather than to Frank Iero's label as originally planned. Iero thought that it would be hard to advertise the album himself if it was released through his own label, with his current responsibilities to My Chemical Romance and the other bands signed to his label. Epitaph Records president, Brett Gurewitz, was impressed with the band's "intensity and songwriting of the music." Leathermouth released their first studio album, XO on January 27, 2009 through Epitaph. Even though the album did not become listed on the Billboard 200, it did reach #21 on the Top Heatseekers chart.
Duke (album)
Duke is the tenth studio album by English progressive rock band Genesis. The album was released on March 24, 1980 through Atlantic Records and was their first album to got to number 1 in the United Kingdom.
Stick
In music:
Shore
A shore or shoreline is the land at the edge of a large body of water, such as an ocean or river. Where the water is a sea, the shore is also called a "coast".
Mustelinae
The Mustelinae is a large subfamily of mustelids. Genetic analysis shows it is polyphyletic, so it will probably be split down into proper clades. Until then, it contains:
Shore
Shores are influenced by the topography of the surrounding landscape, as well as by erosion caused by water, such as waves. The geological makeup of rock and soil controls the type of shore which is created. Erosion of sedimentary soils can make a sandy or pebbly shore, usually called a beach.
Mustelinae
and various other mustelids.
Shore
A shore includes the intertidal zone that is alternately exposed and covered by waves and tides.
A shore will often have a lighthouse on it to help ships in the sea.
Citizenship
Citizenship is a legal relationship between a person and a country. Usually the country is the one they were born in, lives in, supports, and in return gets protection. A person is usually a citizen of the country where he or she is born, but sometimes a person will apply for naturalization, to become a citizen in another country. There are countries which allow dual (two) citizenship, and countries which do not.
Newbery Medal
The John Newbery Medal is a literary award of the American Library Association (ALA).
Citizenship
Citizenship in Canada
People born in Canada become citizens of the country by Jus soli even if their parents are not citizens.
Newbery Medal
The medal is given to writers of books for children.
Curry
Curry (from Tamil kari) is the English word for any of a general variety of spiced dishes, best known in Indian, Bangladeshi, Sri Lankan, Indonesian, Malaysian, Pakistani, Thai, and other South Asian and Southeast Asian cuisines. Curry has also been adopted into many other cuisines. Curry first came from India. The idea of curry was later brought to the West by British colonialists in India from the 18th century. Dishes that are often called curries in Europe and America are rarely called curries in the native language.
Newbery Medal
History
The Newbery Medal has been given since 1922. It was the first children's literary award in the world. It is named for John Newbery, an 18th century English publisher of books for children.
Citizenship
Citizenship in Canada
In 2018 the New York Times reported that 20% of babies born in Richmond Hospital in Richmond, British Columbia, were born to mothers involved in birth tourism. This means that the babies automatically acquire Canadian citizenship.
Curry
Curry can also be found in the United Kingdom and Jamaica. It is usually eaten with Basmati rice or naan, a type of flat bread.
A curry dish called Balti is said to have been originated in Birmingham, United Kingdom and has been dubbed Britain’s de facto national dish.
Newbery Medal
History
Since 1971, there has also been the "Newbery Honor". Each year, one or more books are named "Newbery Honor books". Some books from before 1971 were also named Newbery Honor books.
It's Garry Shandling's Show
It's Garry Shandling's Show is an American sitcom. It is about the everyday life of Garry Shandling (portraying a fictionalized version of himself). It aired from 1986-1990.
Newbery Medal
Recipients
Books with a yellow background won the Newbery Medal. Books with a white background are Newbery Honor Books.
Duchesne, Utah
Duchesne is a city in and the county seat of Duchesne County, Utah, United States. As of the 2020 census, 1,588 people live in Duchesne.
Visiting card
A visiting card is a small paper card with a person's name on it. They were used to let someone know that another person had come to their home for a visit. Some visiting cards had just a name on them. Some also had images.
Visiting cards are not used as much as they used to be. Business cards are now used the way visiting cards used to be used.
Before the industrialization visiting cards were hand made. Since the end of the 19th century production has become more and more automated.
Masuho, Yamanashi
Masuho (増穂町) was a town in Minamikoma District, Yamanashi, Japan.
On March 8, 2010, two towns combined to become a new town. Masuho and Kajikazawa became Fujikawa.
Kirrberg, Bas-Rhin
Kirrberg is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.
Keri Hilson
Keri Lynn Hilson (born December 5, 1982) is an American singer, songwriter, and actress. She has had many hit singles. Hilson's debut album was released in 2009. Her second studio album was released in 2010. Hilson acted for the first time in the 2012 romantic comedy movie Think Like a Man.
Nipmuc
The Nipmuc or Nipmuck people are Native Americans originally from present-day Massachusetts and parts of Connecticut and Rhode Island. They are from the Northeastern Woodlands culture. Their language is in the Eastern Algonquian language family. They did hunting, fishing and farming (mostly corn). They moved for different seasons. Family groups lived in villages. They were led by chiefs. These villages were often not allied with other Nipmuc villages. Villages allied with stronger neighbors like the Mohegan or Massachuset. Many Natives died from European diseases. Nipmuc supported Metacomet in King Philip's War. Many were forced to stay in Boston Harbor. Others were killed or forced into slavery. The Puritan missionary John Eliot converted Natives and created praying towns. The state of Massachusetts recognizes the Nipmuc people.
Tiberius Claudius Balbilus
Tiberius Claudius Balbillus Modestus (AD 3–79) was a scholar and politician from Ancient Roman. He was also an astrologer to the emperors Claudius, Nero, and Vespasian.
Amesbury, Massachusetts
Amesbury is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts. About 16,283 people lived here at the 2010 census.
Excision (movie)
Excision is a 2012 horror movie. The movie is about a high school student who wants a career in medicine. Marlee Matlin has the role of Amber. Excision is rated R in Australia and in the United States. It received very positive reviews from the critics.
Breadboard
A breadboard is an electron tool which can be used to test electrical circuits. Instead of using soldering to connect wires and components together (like on a perfboard or printed circuit board), they can be stuck into the holes of the breadboard. It has metal strips inside that will connect them, and it lets them be removed easily or moved around when testing a circuit.
The rows and columns of holes on a breadboard are usually labelled with numbers and letters. Everything in a row with the same number will be connected, except if the breadboard has a strip down the center. In that case, the metal is split and the row has two separate connections (one on each side). The center strip is also useful when connecting integrated circuit s, because they can be pushed in over the top of it and have legs connecting to both sides without overlapping the connections.
22 or 24 gauge wire usually work best to plug into the holes in a breadboard.
Stargate SG-1
The show follows the missions of a secret military operation known as the Stargate Program. It is run out of a base under Cheyenne Mountain, known as Stargate Command (commonly called the SGC). The plot of the show revolves around the flagship team, called SG-1. The team is made up of Colonel Jack O'Neill (Richard Dean Anderson), Dr. Daniel Jackson (Michael Shanks), Major Samantha Carter (Amanda Tapping), and Teal'c (Christopher Judge).
Vampeta
Vampeta (born 13 March 1974) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team.
Club career statistics
195||5 41||5 1||0 7||1 0||0 244||11
International career statistics
!Total||39||2
The Terror Wheel
The Terror Wheel is the second EP by the American Horrorcore band, Insane Clown Posse. It was released on August 5, 1994. The producer of the EP was Mike E. Clark. If you called the number featured in the song "Amy's in the Attic" at 6:06 into the song, it would tell you the name of the next Joker's Card, Riddle Box.
AnnaLynne McCord
AnnaLynne McCord (born July 16, 1987) is an American actress. She plays the roles of vixens in movies. She starred as Suzie Woods in the 2008 supernatural thriller The Haunting of Molly Hartley. She also starred as Naomi Clark in the show 90210. The actress was born in Atlanta, Georgia.
A Walk in the Sun (1945 movie)
A Walk in the Sun is a 1945 American World War II drama movie directed by Lewis Milestone and was based on the novel by Harry Brown. It stars Dana Andrews, John Ireland, Richard Conte, George Tyne, Lloyd Bridges, Norman Lloyd, Sterling Holloway, Herbert Rudley, Chris Drake, Richard Benedict and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Marcello Mastroianni
Mastroianni was born in Fontana Liri, Italy. He died of pancreatic cancer at 72.
Emma Roberts
Early life
Roberts was born in Rhinebeck, Dutchess County, New York. She is the daughter of actor Eric Roberts and Kelly Cunningham. She is the stepdaughter of Eliza Roberts and Kelly Nickels, and the niece of actresses Julia Roberts and Lisa Roberts Gillan. She has a half sister, Grace Nickels.
Asasey hotel attack
On 12 July 2019, al-Shabaab militants launched an attack on the Asasey hotel in Kismayo, Somalia.
Two notable journalists were killed in the attack including a Somali Canadian, Hodan Nalayeh. Three Kenyans, three Tanzanians, two Americans and a Briton were also killed in the attack.
Yerevan
Yerevan (Երեւան or Երևան) is the capital and largest city of Armenia. In 2004 about 1,088,300 people lived in Yerevan. Some people write Yerevan as Erevan. In past, Yerevan was called Erebuni or Erivan.
It is on the Hrazdan River, and is the administrative, cultural, and industrial center of the country.
The history of Yerevan dates back to the 8th century BC, with the founding of the Urartian fortress of Erebuni in 782 BC. Eventually, the letter "b" in the name Erebuni changed in the 5th or 4th century BC, becoming "v".
Climate
The climate of Yerevan is continental, with dry, hot summers and cold, snowy and short winters. The temperature in August can reach 40°C (104°F), while January may be as cold as -15 °C (5 °F). The amount of precipitation is small, about 350 mm (14 in) per year.
Culture
As a centre of Armenian culture, Yerevan is the site of Yerevan State University (1919), the Armenian Academy of Sciences, a historical museum, an opera house, a music conservatory and several technical institutes. The Matenadaran archives hold a rich collection of valuable ancient Armenian, Greek, Assyrian, Hebrew, Roman and Persian manuscripts. Yerevan has several large public libraries, a number of museums and theaters, botanical gardens and zoos. It is also at the heart of an extensive rail network and is a major trading centre for agricultural products. In addition, industries in the city produce metals, machine tools, electrical equipment, chemicals, textiles and food products.
Metro
The Yerevan Metro is a rapid transit system that serves the capital city. Its interior resembles that of western former Soviet nations with chandeliers hanging from the corridors. The metro stations had most of their names changed after the collapse of the Soviet Union and the Independence of the Republic of Armenia.
Economy
Yerevan is Armenia's industrial, transportation, and cultural center. Manufactures include chemicals, primary metals, machinery, rubber products, plastics, textiles, and processed food. Not only is Yerevan the headquarters of major Armenian companies, but of international ones as well, as it's seen as an attractive outsourcing location for Western European, Russian and American multinationals.
A Carnival Christmas
A Carnival Christmas is the third EP by the American Horrorcore band, Insane Clown Posse. It was released on December 6, 1994. The producer of the EP was Mike E. Clark. The EP was a Christmas EP.
Reg Smythe
Reginald Smyth (10 July 1917 – 13 June 1998), known by his professional name Reg Smythe, was a British cartoonist. He created the popular, long-running Andy Capp comic strip.
Gabriel Byrne
Gabriel James Byrne (born 12 May 1950) is an Irish actor, movie director, movie producer, writer and audiobook narrator. In 2008, Byrne won a Golden Globe Award.
XO (Leathermouth album)
XO (also spelled XØ) is the first album released by Leathermouth. The album was released through Epitaph Records on January 27, 2009.
Gabriel Byrne
In movies, he is known for his roles in Excalibur (1981), Miller's Crossing (1990), The Usual Suspects (1995), Stigmata (1999), End of Days (1999), Spider (2002), Jindabyne (2006), Vampire Academy (2014) and The 33 (2015).
Byrne co-wrote The Last of the High Kings (1996). Byrne has also produced several movies, including the Academy Award–nominated In the Name of the Father (1993).
In television, Byrne is known for his role as Paul Weston in the HBO drama In Treatment (2008–2011).
Bob Backlund
Robert Lee "Bob" Backlund (born August 14, 1949) is an American professional wrestler. He is best known for working for the World Wide Wrestling Federation/World Wrestling Federation from 1977 to 1984. He is known for holding the record for the second longest reign as WWE Champion in history which is ahead of Hulk Hogan's first reign and behind Bruno Sammartino's first. Signature move known as the cross face chicken wing was said to be inescapable once fully applied.
Before becoming a professional wrestler, Backlund started as an accomplished amateur wrestler and wrestled for the North Dakota State University Bison during the late 1960s to early 1970s. He also ran for a Connecticut seat in Congress on a Republican ticket in 2000 but was unsuccessful. He was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame by Maria Menounos on April 6, 2013.
Hodan Nalayeh
Hodan Nalayeh (Hodan Naalaye; هودان نالايآه; 1976 – July 12, 2019) was a Somali-Canadian media executive, marketing consultant, social activist and businesswoman. She was the President of the Cultural Integration Agency and the Vice President of Sales & Programming Development of Cameraworks Productions International. She was also a television producer who worked on American Idol and So You Think You Can Dance. She was born in Las Anod, Somalia.
She lived in Toronto, Ontario. Nalayeh and her husband Farid were killed during a terrorist attack at Hotel Asasey in Kismayo, Somalia, on July 12, 2019.
Cupcake
A cupcake (also British English: fairy cake; Australian English: patty cake or cup cake,) is a small cake designed to be eaten by one person. They are often baked in a small thin paper or aluminum cup. Like larger cakes, frosting and other cake decorations, such as sprinkles, are common on cupcakes. They are often sweet and include frosting. Some specialized bakeries sell only cupcakes.
History
The first cupcake could be traced back to 1796. A recipe for "a cake to be baked in small cups" was written in American Cookery by Amelia Simmons. The earliest use of the term cupcake was in “Seventy-five Receipts for Pastry, Cakes, and Sweetmeats” in 1828 in Eliza Leslie's Recipes cookbook.
In the early 19th century, there were two different uses for the name cup cake or cupcake. Before muffin tins were widely available, the cakes were often baked in individual pottery cups, ramekins, or molds. They got their name from the cups they were baked in. The name "fairy cake" is a description of its size. It would be appropriate for a party of small fairies to share a fairy cake. English fairy cakes vary in size more than American cupcakes. They are normally smaller and are rarely topped with much icing.
The other kind of "cup cake" referred to a cake whose ingredients were measured by volume. They were measured using a standard-sized cup instead of being weighed. Recipes with ingredients that were measured using a standard-sized cup could also be baked in cups. They were more commonly baked in tins. In later years, when the use of volume measurements was more used in home kitchens, these recipes became known as 1234 cakes or quarter cakes. They were called this because they are made up of four ingredients: one cup of butter, two cups of sugar, three cups of flour, and four eggs. They are plain yellow cakes that are less rich and less expensive than pound cake. This is because they use about half as much butter and eggs compared to pound cake. The names of these two major classes of cakes were to tell the baker whether to measure by volume or weight.
Justin Hartley
Justin Scott Hartley is an American actor. He is known for his television roles that include Fox Crane on the NBC.
Castle Dale, Utah
Castle Dale is a city in and the county seat of Emery County, Utah, United States. As of the 2020 census, 1,492 people live in Castle Dale.
Fujikawa, Yamanashi
Fujikawa 富士川町 (Fujikawa-chō) is a town in Minamikoma District, Yamanashi, Japan.
On March 8, 2010 the towns of Masuho and Kajikazawa combined to become the new town of "Fujikawa".
Stargate Atlantis
Stargate Atlantis is a television series. It is a spin-off of the Stargate SG-1 series. The series starts at the beginning of the eighth season of Stargate SG-1. Mika McKinnon was a science adviser for this show and Stargate Universe.
Story
The main subject of the seventh season of Stargate SG-1 was researching and locating the city of the Ancients. At the end of the seventh season, SG-1 discovered that the city is on Earth, under the ices of Antarctica. But it was in fact only a beachhead. Doctor Daniel Jackson finds the coordinates of the real city. Its name is Atlantis (the legendary ancient city), and it's in the Pegasus galaxy. The address was hard to find because it needs eight chevrons, the seventh of which is used to indicate the galaxy.
Rangeela Raja
Rangeela Raja is an Indian Hindi-language comedy movie, written and produced by Pahlaj Nihalani, and directed by Sikander Bharti. It was released in 2018.
Controversy
Pahlaj Nihalani criticized the Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) for not reviewing his movie, Rangeela Raja, for 40 days since the date of submission. The moviw was screened by the CBFC just two weeks ahead of its release, and the producer was asked to make 20 cuts. Nihalani accused the CBFC chairperson, Prasoon Joshi, of favoritism; he said that preferential treatment was extended to big studios. The ex-chairperson of CBFC moved the Bombay High Court against CBFC.
Bokeem Woodbine
Bokeem Woodbine (born April 13, 1973) is an American actor. He is known for his roles as Mike Milligan on the second season of Fargo, Daniel in season 2 of the WGN series Underground and Herman Schultz/Shocker in the movie Spider-Man: Homecoming.
Communes of the Haute-Saône department
The following is a list of the 545 communes of the Haute-Saône département, in east France.
Tokugawa shogunate
The Tokugawa shogunate, also known as the Tokugawa bakufu (徳川幕府), and the Edo bakufu (江戸幕府), was a feudal Japanese military government. The heads of government were the shoguns. Each was a member of the Tokugawa clan.
These years are known as the Edo period. The period takes its name from the city where the Tokugawa shoguns lived. This time is also called the Tokugawa period or pre-modern (Kinsei).
History
In 1603, Tokugawa Ieyasu took office as Shogun, and established a military government in Edo, now Tokyo.
Bellegarde-sur-Valserine
Bellegarde-sur-Valserine is a former commune. It is found in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in the Ain department in the east of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of Valserhône. In 2010, 11,790 people lived in the commune. The inhabitants are the Bellegardiens. The local economy is mostly based around commerce. Monuments in the commune are numerous. There are many castles including the Châteaux de Musinens, Mussel, Arlod, Vanchy and Crêts. There are also many churches including the Saint-Vicent-de-Paul, Notre-Dame-de-l'Assomption, Saint-Nicolas d'Arlod and Saint-Claude de Vanchy churches. Famous people from Bellegarde-sur-Valserine include Robert Barrier, a politician, David Venditti, a French rugby player, Younès Kaboul, a French football player, Nelly Moenne Loccoz, a French snowboarder and Yves Amoureux, an author and movie producer.
Royal Belgian Football Association
The Royal Belgian Football Association is the organization that controls football in Belgium. They won the FIFA Fair Play Award in 1992.
Edílson
Edílson (born 17 September 1970) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team.
Club career statistics
239||83 22||7 70||51 20||22 351||163
Garland County, Arkansas
Garland County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 100,180. The county seat is Hot Springs. It was founded on April 5, 1873.
Ranieli Jose Cechinato
Ranieli Jose Cechinato (born 19 December 1970) is a former Brazilian football player.
Club career statistics
1||0||1||0||0||0||2||0 1||0||1||0||0||0||2||0
Punjab (Pakistan)
Punjab (صوبہ پنجاب) is a province in Pakistan. The capital of Punjab is Lahore. Punjab has a population of about 120 million people and an area of 79,284 mi² or (205,344 km²). In terms of area the province of Punjab is greater in area than Kyrgyzstan but smaller than Belarus.
Etymology
The word Punjab is a combination of the Indo-Iranian words panj (five) and āb (water), and thus the (land of) five rivers. The five rivers are the Indus, Chenab, Jhelum, Ravi and Sutlej. Sometimes, in English, there can be a definite article before the name i.e. the Punjab. The name is also sometimes spelled as Panjab or Panjaab or Punjaab. The name Punjab was given to the region by Turkic Muslim conquerors and popularized during the reign of the Mughal Empire in the 17th century CE.
History
Before 1947 both Pakistan and the Republic of India were ruled by the British. The Punjab province used to be a part of British Punjab. In 1947 the Muslim majority voted yes, Sikh minority voted yes, Hindu minority voted no to Partition thereon, the British province of Punjab was split between Pakistan and Bharat via the Radcliffe Line and the Ferozpur District and the sub-district of Gurdaspur awards were originally meant to go to the Pakistanis, however it was decided on August 18th to allocate them to East Punjab. Today India has a state called Punjab since 1966. A bus service was launched in 2006 connecting Lahore in Pakistani Punjab with Amritsar in the Republic of India, through the Wagah international border. This was the first bus service between the two Punjabs for almost 60 years.
Overview
Wagah, named Wahga in Pakistan, is a village through which the controversial Radcliffe Line, the boundary permanent Demarcation line dividing the Indian Punjab from Pakistani Punjab upon the Partition of India, was drawn. The village was divided by independence in 1947. Today, the eastern half of the village remains in the Republic of India while the western half is in Pakistan.
It is particularly known for the elaborate Wagah border ceremony that happens at the International border gate before 5PM each day.
Agriculture continues to be the largest sector of Punjab's economy. The province is the breadbasket of the country as well as home to the largest ethnic group in Pakistan, the Punjabis. Unlike neighbouring India, there was no large-scale redistribution of agricultural land. As a result, most rural areas are dominated by a small set of feudalistic Zamindaror the land-owning families.
In the 1950s there was tension between the eastern and western halves of Pakistan. In order to address the situation, a new formula resulted in the abolition of the province status for Punjab in 1955. It was merged into a single province West Pakistan. In 1972, after East Pakistan seceded and became Bangladesh, Punjab again became a province.
Punjab witnessed major battles between the armies of India and Pakistan in the wars of 1965 and 1971. Since the 1990s Punjab hosted several key sites of Pakistan's nuclear program such as Kahuta. It also hosts major military bases such as at Sargodha and Rawalpindi. The peace process between India and Pakistan, which began in earnest in 2004, has helped pacify the situation. Trade and people-to-people contacts through the Wagah border are now starting to become common. Indian Sikh pilgrims visit holy sites such as Nankana Sahib.
Starting in the 1980s, large numbers of Punjabis migrated to the Middle East, Britain, Spain, Canada and the United States for economic opportunities, forming the large Punjabi diaspora. Business and cultural ties between the United States and Punjab are growing.
About 120 million people live in Punjab, just over half of Pakistan's population of 225 million.
Geography
Punjab is Pakistan's second largest province at 205344 km2 after Balochistan and is located at the northwestern edge of the geologic Indian plate in South-central Asia. The capital and largest city is Lahore which was the historical capital of the wider Punjab region. Other important district cities include Multan, Faisalabad, Sheikhupura, Sialkot, Gujranwala, Jhelum and Rawalpindi. Undivided Punjab is home to six rivers, of which five flow through Pakistani Punjab. From west to east, these are: the Indus, Jhelum, Beas, Chenab, Ravi and Sutlej. Nearly 60% of Pakistan's population lives in the Punjab. It is the nation's only province that touches every other province; it also surrounds the federal enclave of the national capital city at Islamabad.This geographical position and a large multi-ethnic population strongly influence Punjab's outlook on National affairs and induces in Punjab a keen awareness of the problems of the Pakistan's other important provinces and territories. In the acronym P-A-K-I-S-T-A-N, the P is for PUNJAB.
The landscape is amongst the most heavily irrigated on earth and canals can be found throughout the province. Weather extremes are notable from the hot and barren south to the cool hills of the north. The foothills of the Himalayas are found in the extreme north as well.
Tunnel of Love (EP)
Tunnel of Love is the fourth EP by the American Horrorcore band, Insane Clown Posse. It was released on June 11, 1996. The producer of the EP was Mike E. Clark. A XXX Version which contained different cover art and a bonus track was also released at the same time.
Divorce Italian Style
In 2008, Divorce Italian Style became an opera.
Zen at War
Zen at War is a 1997 book by Brian Daizen Victoria. It reveals the close involvement of Zen Buddhist teachers with Japanese militarism from the Meiji period until WWII.
Michael Schoeffling
Michael Earl Schoeffling (December 10, 1960) is an American actor and model. He is known for playing the role of Jake Ryan in Sixteen Candles, Al Carver in Wild Hearts Can't Be Broken, Kuch in Vision Quest, and Joe in Mermaids.
Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co
Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Company,, was a Landmark decision by the Supreme Court of the United States. In a 5–4 decision the Court ruled that the federal Income Tax Act of 1894 was unconstitutional. The Pollock decision was overturned by the passing of the Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
Background
Article I, Section 2 of the United States Constitution required that direct taxes be apportioned among the states by population. Apportionment by population proved to be a nearly impossible, uneven and unfair requirement for collecting taxes since the states had different populations. An income tax is a direct tax. So the federal government relied on tariffs and other sources of revenue.
During the Civil War, in order to fund the war, the federal government passed an income tax law. In 1862, Abraham Lincoln signed a bill that called for a 3% tax on incomes between $600 and $5,000, 7.5% on incomes between $5,000 and $10,000 and 10% on incomes over $10,000. The bill was declared unconstitutional in 1872 when it was repealed.
In 1894 Congress created a personal income tax as a part of theWilson–Gorman Tariff Act. President Grover Cleveland was unhappy with the bill but let it pass without his signature. All income over $4,000 was subject to a 2% tax. It was the first peacetime federal income tax in the United States. It was challenged right away on the grounds that the Constitution required direct taxes to be levied in proportion to each state's population (called apportionment). The US government has levied taxes before but these were indirect taxes (such as on whiskey, carriages and other goods).
Facts
The Gorman Tariff Act of 1894 called for a 2% tax on any "gains, profits and incomes" over $4,000 for a period of five years. Shareholders of the Farmers' Loan & Trust Co., based out of New York, would pay the required tax. In addition they would provide a list of the names of shareholders to the Bureau of Internal Revenue.
A Shareholder, Charles Pollock, who lived in Massachusetts and owned ten shares of stock, sued the company. He did not want them to pay the tax. He lost his case in the lower courts and appealed to the Supreme Court, which agreed to hear the case. The high court ruled in Pollick's favor declaring the tariff act (sections 27 to 37) unconstitutional.
Mekozhoor
Mekozhoor is a village in Kerala, Pathanamthitta. It is in the Panchayat called Mylapra.
Smallpox
Smallpox was a dangerous disease with a high mortality rate. It no longer exists as an epidemic disease. The last naturally occurring case was diagnosed in October 1977. The World Health Organization (WHO) certified the global eradication of the disease in 1980 (said there was no more).
It was caused by a virus. There are two different species of viruses that can cause the disease. They are Variola major and Variola minor. Some people also call smallpox Variola, from the Latin work for "spotted" which is also the viruses' scientific name.
The first vaccine for smallpox used the results of cowpox infections. It was invented by Edward Jenner. It was used to stop people from getting smallpox. The word "vaccine" came from "vaccina", the Latin word for cow, because cowpox was used. The WHO (World Health Organisation) vaccinated people all over the world. In 1980, the WHO said the disease no longer existed, and no one would ever get sick from it again. Live copies of smallpox are kept in maximum-security laboratories around the world to make sure the disease can never infect people again.
Some people believe that smallpox could be used as an agent for purposely infecting enemies in a war. Today, most people no longer receive a smallpox shot.
Crushing by elephant
In the past, many rulers in south and southeast Asia had people crushed by elephants as a death penalty. This was common for more than 4000 years. The Romans and Carthaginians also sometimes did this.
The elephant would step upon the head of the condemned, the one commanded to die. Usually, handlers trained the elephant to put its large foot gently on the person's head. At this point, witnesses looked under the elephant's foot to make sure the prisoner was the one who committed the crime. Often, the condemned would scream and beg the witnesses to say it was not him. If a witness stated this was not the criminal, they would probably commit perjury. Perjury means lying at a trial. In those days rulers could punish perjury with death. Few witnesses denied the condemned was the criminal, because then the elephant may crush them instead. Then the mahout, or elephant driver, gave the order, and the elephant would push down with its weight. The skull broke and the foot crushed the head flat.
Sometimes, the elephant would drag the condemned through streets before the crushing. Some elephants crushed the arms and legs first, to increase the pain.
Locations
Most rajahs, Indian rulers, kept elephants for death by crushing. The public could often see the deaths; this was the rulers' warning not to commit a crime. Many of the elephants were very large, weighing more than nine tons. Rulers wanted crushing by elephant to be bloody and gross. Some rulers in history condemned children, too.
Many rulers in South Asia used elephants as executioners, ones who put the condemned to death. One nonreligious Mogul Emperor, Akbar (1547-1605), used his favorite elephant as a judge, too. Akbar ruled in the city of Agra from 1570-1585. He believed that his favorite elephant could know who was guilty. He put thousands of people to death this way. Even when the crimes were minor, he sent them to the elephant. Elephant handlers staked them before the great elephant and tried to convince it to step on them. The huge elephant crushed most, but sometimes refused. Akbar believed this proved their innocence and then released them.
Different regions crushed people by elephant in different ways. One region put people inside of a bag, so they would not have to watch what was about to happen. Then, the elephant would crush the bag flat with the condemned inside. In another region, people made the condemned watch the elephant slowly come from far away. Its huge feet kept coming closer. Sometimes, they buried the condemned to the neck. The elephant would come and step on the head. Some places made the condemned put his head on a special stand. The stand had fountains on the sides where brains and blood would flow when the elephant pressed down its huge foot.
Military use
For hundreds of years, people used elephants for military purposes. Death under the foot of an elephant was common for people who left the army or prisoners as well as for military criminals.
History in writing
There are few records about crushing by elephant. Many records were lost. The British wrote about about it during their long rule of India.
Robert Knox was an English traveler. He wrote about a Sri Lankan crushing in 1681.
(An Historical Relation Of the Island Ceylon, Robert Knox, London, 1681)
La Dolce Vita
La Dolce Vita is a 1960 Italian comedy-drama movie. The movie is divided into many sections. It follows Marcello Rubini, a gossip columnist, across seven days and nights in Rome. Marcello Mastroianni plays the gossip columnist.
This movie got very good critical reviews. It became a classic in later years.
Group 8 element
Group 8 has iron (Fe), ruthenium (Ru), osmium (Os) and hassium (Hs).
Group 8 is in the transition metals section.
List of accidents and incidents involving commercial aircraft 1990 – 2021
This is a list of accidents and incidents involving commercial aircraft from 1990 to 2021.
Hei elei, kuck elei
Hei elei, kuck elei (English: Here they are, look at them) was the title of a television show in the Luxembourgish language (the first ever), which was broadcast between the 21st September 1969 and the 21st October 1991 on Sunday afternoons between 1:00 p.m. and 1:45 p.m. (later until 3:00 p.m.) on the frequency of Télé Luxembourg (in the end it was also broadcast by RTLplus.
It was produced by CLT. The editor-in-chief and main moderator was Jean Octave, and in later broadcasts, Lucien Michels also (co-)moderated various broadcasts. The program usually consisted of a weekly review, and occasional reports, debates, music or theater performances, etc.
The initiator of this magazine was the former general director of the CLT, Gust Graas. It was also he who suggested the name "Hei elei, kuck elei".
In the 1980s, RTL-Hei also produced and showed four fiction films: Die zwem vm Bierg (in 6 episodes), E Fall fir sech, E Lieve laang and De falschen Hond.
Hei elei kuck elei was established in October 1991 to be replaced by a daily broadcast in Luxembourgish, RTL-Hei elei (which was to be renamed RTL Télé Lützeburg in September 1995).
The name is a verse from the operetta D'Mumm Séis by Edmond de la Fontaine.
It is probably the most famous Luxembourgish phrase in the Netherlands. This comes from the fact that, when RTL launched a television program in Dutch (RTL Veronique, today's RTL4), this program had to be officially "Luxembourgish", because it did not have a Dutch license and was only allowed to be broadcast as a "foreign" program Cable networks are included. Therefore, around midnight, when the program was over, or early in the morning, before it started, "Hei elei, kuck elei" was broadcast. Especially among young people, it had a certain cult status to watch "Hei elei" before (or after) going out and enjoy the successful program.
Since September 2012, RTL Télé Luxembourg has been showing a rebroadcast of Hei elei from Sunday 30 years ago every Sunday.
Meredith Brooks
Meredith Brooks (born June 12, 1958) is an American singer, songwriter and guitarist. She was born in Oregon City, Oregon. She is best known for her 1997 single "Bitch" which reached No.6 in the UK and No.2 in the United States.
Coracle
Structure
Corricles are oval in shape, and look like half a walnut shell. They are made with a framework of split willow branches, twisted together and tied with willow bark. Originally the outer layer was an animal skin from a horse or bullock. These skins were covered with a thin layer of tar to make them keep the water out. Today coracles are made with calico or canvas covered in tar, or simply fibreglass. The Asian coracle is made differently. It uses bamboo and the water is kept out with a layer of resin and coconut oil. The coracle does not have a keel. The flat bottom allows the weight of the boat and its load to be spread evenly. This means it does not need much water to float – as little as a few inches, making it ideal for use on rivers.
Coracles have different designs, as they are designed for the river conditions where they are built and used. The Teifi coracle is flat-bottomed, because it is designed for use in the shallow rapids which common on the river in the summer. The Carmarthen coracle is rounder and deeper, because it is used in tidal waters on the Tywi, where there are no rapids. Teifi coracles are made from local wood. They use willow for the body of the boat, called a lats. Hazel is used for the bit around the top, called Y bleth in Welsh. Tywi coracles have been made from sawn ash for a long time. These days working boats are made from fibreglass. Teifi coracles do not use nails. The twisting together of the lats makes them strong. The Carmarthen coracles use copper nails and are not twisted together.
Coracles are good for fishing because they do not disturb the water or the fish. They can be controlled easily with one arm, while the other arm manages the net; two coracles to a net. The coracle is moved with a broad-bladed paddle. These are also have different designs between different rivers. It is used in a sculling action. The blade makes a figure-of-eight pattern in the water. The paddle is used towards the front of the coracle, pulling the boat forward, with the paddler facing in the direction of travel.
A Welsh Coracle can be carried by a person on their back. 'Llwyth dyn ei gorwgl' — the load of a man is his coracle. (Welsh saying).
History
The coracle was designed to be used in the quickly flowing streams of Wales and parts of the rest of Britain and Ireland. Coracles are very old, Julius Caesar saw them in Britain in the 1st century BC. Archaeologists believe they have discovered the remains of a coracle in a Bronze Age grave at Barns Farm near Dalgety Bay. Others have been discovered at Corbridge and near Ferriby.
Coracles are so light that they can easily be carried on the fisherman's shoulders. Coracle fishing is performed by two coraclers. The net is stretched across the river between the two coracles. These are paddled with one handed and the net is dragged down the river in the other. When a fish is caught, each fisherman pulls up an end of the net until the two coracles are brought to touch, and the fish is grabbed and put into the boat.
Today
Coracles are not used much these days. They can be seen in tourist areas of West Wales, and sometimes in Shropshire on the River Severn. There is a public house in Sundorne, Shrewsbury called "The Coracle". It has a sign showing a man using a coracle on a river. The Welsh Rivers Teifi and Tywi are the best places to find coracles in Wales. On the Teifi they are usually seen between Cenarth, Cilgerran and Llechryd.
In 1974 Bernard Thomas of Llechryd crossed the English Channel to France in 13½ hours in a coracle. The journey showed how the Bull Boats of the Mandan Indians of North Dakota could have been copied from coracles introduced by Prince Madog in the 12th century.
For many years until 1979, Shrewsbury coracle maker Fred Davies became famous among football fans. He would sit in his coracle during Shrewsbury Town FC home matches at Gay Meadow, and get the footballs that landed in the River Severn. Although Davies died in 1994, his legend is still linked to the club.
The Coracle Society
The Coracle Society is a UK-based organisation, started by its president, Sir Peter Badge in 1990. The society wanted: