cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Trojan Horse
The Greeks could not enter the city or win the war. Because of this, Odysseus, one of the Grecian leaders, thought of a way to trick the Trojans. The Greeks built a large wooden horse out of a ship and left it outside the gates of the city as a present for the Trojans, then sailed away. The Greek ships hid behind a nearby land mass. The Trojans took the horse and put it inside their city, thinking it was a victory gift from the Greeks. The Trojans had a festival to celebrate their victory. Odysseus chose a horse so that Athena (goddess of wisdom and strength) would grant them good luck after the battle. After the Trojan victory festival ended, the Greeks, who were hiding inside the horse, came out. They opened the city gates to let the other Greeks enter Troy. The Greeks easily overpowered the unsuspecting Trojans and took control of the city. Because of the Trojan Horse, the Greeks won the Trojan War.
Today the word "Trojan horse" is used for things that are similar to that story: something that looks good, but in truth has another purpose, usually bad. An example for this is a type of computer virus called a Trojan horse.
Nematode
The body structure is fairly constant. A thick cuticle gives protection, and acts as a kind of hydrostatic skeleton. Caenorhabditis elegans has had its genetics studied intensively, and it had its genome analysed in the year 1998. DNA sequence analysis of nematodes is quite advanced, including trees of species relationship.
Borgomanero
Borgomanero is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Novara in the Italian region Piedmont. It is about 60 km northwest of Milan, about 30 km northwest of Novara and not far from the border between Lombardy and Piedmont
Nematode
Cell numbers in the organs are constant within a species. Nematodes have a fixed, genetically determined number of cells, a phenomenon known as eutely. The male C. elegans has 1031 cells, a number which does not change after cell division stops at the end of the larval period. Growth is solely due to an increase in the size of individual cells.
Borgomanero
Borgomanero borders the following municipalities: Bogogno, Briga Novarese, Cressa, Cureggio, Fontaneto d'Agogna, Gargallo, Gattico, Gozzano, Invorio, Maggiora, Veruno.
A.S.D. Stuoie Baracca Lugo
A.S.D. Stuoie Baracca Lugo is a football club which plays in Italy.
Leonid Gaidai
Leonid Gaidai (30 January 1923 – 19 November 1993), was a Soviet comedy movie director. He was born in Svobodny, Amur Oblast.
Somerset County, New Jersey
History
Somerset County is one of America's oldest counties, and is named after the English county of Somerset. The area was first settled in 1681.
Most of the early residents were Dutch. General George Washington and his troops marched through the county on several occasions and slept in many of the homes located throughout the area. Somerset County also played an important part during both World War I and World War II with weapons depots and the manufacturing of the army's woolen blankets.
Somerset County was primarily an agricultural county. In the late 19th century, the county saw many wealthy people come to live. The area is still the home of several wealthy people who were in the pharmaceutical industry.
In the 1960s, townships that were once exclusively agricultural were quickly transformed into suburban communities. Examples include Bridgewater Township and the Watchung Hills communities of Watchung, Green Brook and Warren Township.
Census 2010
At the 2010 United States Census, there were 323,444 people, 117,759 households, and 84,669 families residing in the county. The population density was 1,071.7 per square mile (413.8/km2).
Census 2000
At the 2000 United States Census, there were 297,490 people, 108,984 households and 78,359 families residing in the county. The population density was 976 per square mile (377/km²). .
Municipalities
Municipalities in Somerset County are below. A CDP is a Census-designated place, as described by the Census Bureau.
Roads and highways
Somerset County has numerous roads. , the county had a total of 1714.99 mi of roadways. 1370.80 mi were maintained by the towns. 234.23 mi were maintained by Somerset County and 109.96 mi were by the New Jersey Department of Transportation.
The only two state routes that traverse through are Route 27 (only in Franklin) and Route 28.
U.S. Routes include U.S. Route 22, U.S. Route 202 and U.S. Route 206. The two interstates that pass through are Interstate 78 and Interstate 287.
Route 18 runs at the New Brunswick border of Somerset.
Public transportation
NJ Transit provides bus service Midtown Manhattan, as well as service to major cities in New Jersey and within Somerset County.
Soedardjat Nataatmadja
Nataatmadja died at a hospital in Jakarta on 6 December 2020 at the age of 82.
Solsona Cathedral
The Cathedral of Solsona is a cathedral in Solsona, Catalonia, Spain. The apse, in Roman style, probably dates from the twelfth century.
Adventures of the Yellow Suitcase
Adventures of the Yellow Suitcase (Приключения жёлтого чемоданчика) is a 1970 Soviet movie directed by Ilya Frez. It stars Tatyana Pelttser, Yevgeni Lebedev, and Andrei Gromov.
Terry Funk
Terrence "Terry" Funk (born June 30, 1944) is an American semi-retired professional wrestler and former actor.
He is best known for working with National Wrestling Alliance (NWA), American Wrestling Association (AWA), World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment (WWF/E), World Championship Wrestling (WCW), Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW), Ring of Honor (ROH) and Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA). He is the first and only person to have been inducted into the WWE, WCW, Professional Wrestling, NWA, Hardcore, Wrestling Observer, and St. Louis Wrestling Halls of Fame.
He has had numerous "retirement matches" and was one of the primary subjects in the documentary movie Beyond the Mat.
Championships
1He was named the Honorary Lifetime ECW World Heavyweight Champion by Paul Heyman in 1997 because of his contributions to both ECW and Professional Wrestling in general.
2His first reign occurred when the promotion was an NWA affiliate named Eastern Championship Wrestling, and was prior to the promotion becoming Extreme Championship Wrestling and the title being declared a world title by ECW. He held the title again after those events.
Bromance
A bromance is a close non-sexual relationship between two or more men, a form of homosocial intimacy. Bromance is a portmanteau word of bro or brother and romance. The word was created in the 1990s to describe the sort of relationships that develop between skateboarders who spend a great deal of time together.
Womance, also called sismance, is the female flip side of bromance. It means a close non-sexual relationship between two or more women, a form of homosocial intimacy.
SSD Tivoli Calcio 1919
S.S.D. Tivoli Calcio 1919 is a football club which plays in Italy.
Heritage railway
A heritage railway (United Kingdom), preserved railway (United Kingdom), or tourist railroad (United States and Canada) is a term used for a railway which is run as a tourist attraction, is usually but not always run by volunteers, and seeks to re-create railway scenes of the past. See List of heritage railways.
Fred Akers
Fred Akers (March 17, 1938 – December 7, 2020) was an American football player and coach. He was head football coach at the University of Wyoming from 1975 to 1976, the University of Texas at Austin from 1977 to 1986 and Purdue University from 1987 to 1990. Akers was born in Blytheville, Arkansas.
Akers died on December 7, 2020 at the age of 82.
Parc Hosingen
As of 2019, 3,591 people live here.
Tarragona Cathedral
The Cathedral of Tarragona is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Tarragona, Spain. The site was previously occupied by a Roman temple of Jupiter. Later it was a Visigothic cathedral, then a Moorish mosque. It was declared a national monument in 1905. During the Spanish Civil War the cathedral was vandalized and in 1939 a reconciliation rite was celebrated.
Afrikanych
Afrikanych (Африканыч) is a 1970 Soviet comedy movie directed by Mikhail Yershov. It stars Oleg Belov, Irina Bunina, and Larisa Burkova.
Jacqui Lambie Network
The Jacqui Lambie Network (JLN) is a small political party in Tasmania, Australia. It was founded in 2015 by Tasmanian Senator Jacqui Lambie. It is a big tent party.
It currently has two seats in the Australian Senate, both being Senators for Tasmania.
Kiyoshi Tomizawa
Kiyoshi Tomizawa (富沢 清司) is a former Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Tomizawa was born in Fujieda on December 3, 1943. After graduating from Fujieda Higashi High School, he joined Yawata Steel (later Nippon Steel). In 1965, Yawata Steel joined new league Japan Soccer League. He retired in 1976, having played 164 games and scored 22 goals in the league.
In October 1964, Tomizawa was selected the Japan national team for 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. However, he did not play in the match. On March 14, 1965, he debuted for Japan against Hong Kong. In 1968, he was selected Japan for 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City. He played against Hungary in semifinal and Japan won Bronze Medal. In 2018, this team was selected Japan Football Hall of Fame. He also played at 1970 Asian Games. At 1972 Summer Olympics qualification in 1971, Japan's failure to qualify for 1972 Summer Olympics. This qualification was his last game for Japan. He played 9 games and scored 2 goals for Japan until 1965.
Statistics
!Total||9||2
Australian Federation Party
The Australian Federation Party is a small right-wing political party in Australia.
Australian Country Alliance
The Australian Country Alliance (or ACA) was a small political party in Victoria, Australia. It was started in 2004 as an alternative to the National Party in Victoria. In 2014, the Victoria branch of the Katter's Australian Party merged with the Country Alliance.
Pamlico County, North Carolina
Pamlico County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. In 2010, 13,144 people lived there. Its county seat is Bayboro.
Landsberg, Saxony-Anhalt
Landsberg is a town in the Saalekreis in the state of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.
The town is between the cities of Halle, about 19 km in the southwest, Leipzig, about 25 km in the southeast, and Bitterfeld-Wolfen, about 15 km in the north.The oldest known trace of early settlements in what is now Landsberg dates from the Neolithic.
Fiat Panda
The Fiat Panda is a small car made by Fiat from 1980 to the present day. The first generation launched in 1980 and launched in the UK a year later. A 4x4 model appeared in 1983. A major facelift arrived in 1986 and another one took place in 1991. In 1995, the Panda was axed from the UK with other European markets following shortly after, remaining on sale in Italy right up to 2003. Normally it is bought by small families or young adults because the car is quite cheap and also the tax is not very high. The second generation of 2003 was made in Poland and was the European Car Of The Year in 2004. It received some small updates during it run and was produced until the end of 2012. It entered its third and current generation in 2011 with production moving back to Italy.
Giuseppe Bergomi
Giuseppe Bergomi (born 22 December 1963) is an Italian former professional footballer who spent his entire career at Inter Milan.
Pillars of Hercules
The Pillars of Hercules are the mountains on both sides of the Strait of Gibraltar. People in ancient times named them. Modern historians know that the northern Pillar, Calpe Mons, is the Rock of Gibraltar. But modern historians do not know which rock on the south side is the other Pillar, Abila Mons. Historians have argued about this for hundreds of years. The two rocks that are most likely to be Abial Mons are Monte Hacho in Ceuta and Jebel Musa in Morocco.
Giuseppe Bergomi
Honours
Inter Milan
Italy
Individual
Chaumont, Haute-Marne
Chaumont is a commune of France, and the capital (or prefecture) of the Haute-Marne department in the Grand Est region.
Haifa Wehbe
Haifa Wehbe (هيفا وهبي, born March 10, 1972 ) is a female Lebanese singer, actress, model, and jewelry designer who is known in the Arab world. Wehbe was born in a rural town in South Lebanon and currently lives in Beirut. She started her music career with her debut album Huwa az-Zaman (هو الزمن, It is Time).
Chaumont, Haute-Marne
Geography
The city of Chaumont is on the Langres plateau on the geographical centre of the Haute-Marne department in northeast France. It is along the Marne (river) river.
It has an area of 55.3 km2. Its average altitude is 332 m; at the city hall, the altitude is 290 m.
Haifa Wehbe
Early life and career
Before she became a singer, she was a model. She won title "Miss South Lebanon" when she was sixteen. In 1995, she was the runner-up for Miss Lebanon before the public found out she had a daughter named Zeinab.
Chaumont, Haute-Marne
Geography
The commune of Chaumont is surrounded by the communes Condes, Treix, Chamarandes-Choignes, Laville-aux-Bois, Biesles, Verbiesles, Neuilly-sur-Suize, Richebourg, Semoutiers-Montsaon, Villiers-le-Sec and Jonchery.
Haifa Wehbe
Early life and career
Her second 2005 album was Baddi 'Ayš (بدي عيش, I Want to Live). Her second songs was "Ana Haifa" (I am Haifa).
Chaumont, Haute-Marne
Geography
Two rivers flow through the city: the Suize to the west and the Marne to the east.
Climate
The climate of Chaumont, in the Köppen climate classification, is Cfb - Oceanic climate with template summers.
Bob Dornan
Robert Kenneth Dornan (born April 3, 1933) is an American politician, actor and radio personality. He was the Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from California's 27th, 38th and 46th congressional districts from 1977 to 1983 and again from 1985 to 1997.
Chaumont, Haute-Marne
Population
The inhabitants of Chaumont are known, in French, as Chaumontais (women: Chaumontaises).
The city of Chaumont has a population, in 2014, of 22,674; its population density is of inhabitants/km2.
Evolution of the population in Chaumont
Chaumont forms with Chamarandes-Choignes the urban area of Chaumont with a population of 23,716 inhabitants (2014) and an area of 74.1 km2. This urban area is the centre of the metropolitan area of Chaumont, formed by 65 communes, with a population of 42,594 inhabitants (2014) and an area of 979.4 km2.
Bob Dornan
Dornan was born in New York City to a Roman Catholic family. He studied at Loyola Marymount University in Los Angeles. In 1952, he joined the United States Air Force as a fighter pilot. In 1955, he married Sallie Hansen. They have five children.
Chaumont, Haute-Marne
Administration
It is part of the intercommunality Chaumont, du Bassin Nogentais et du Bassin de Bologne Vignory Froncles (Communauté d'agglomération de Chaumont, du Bassin Nogentais et du Bassin de Bologne Vignory Froncles).
Twinned and partner towns
Chaumont is twinned with:
Haifa Wehbe
Early life and career
She also appeared in Pepsi ad with French footballer Thierry Henry.
Dynamics
Isaac Newton developed three laws of motion that are fundamental to dynamics.
Some people consider dynamics to be made up of kinematics and kinetics. Others consider dynamics and kinematics to be separate, and do not use the word kinetics. Under the second view, kinematics is about describing how a system is at the moment, and dynamics is about how and why the system changes with time.
Fiat Croma
Fiat Croma is the name of two different large cars made by Fiat. The first was made between 1985 and 1996, and the design of it was changed in 1991. The second generation has been built between 2005 and 2010. Both have five seats and four doors.
Chessel
Chessel is a municipality in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. It is found in the district of Aigle.
Fiat Ulysse
The Fiat Ulysse was a large car with seven seats made by Fiat in two generations between 1994 and 2010. It is the only Eurovan in the PSA/Fiat joint vesture to have retained the same name in the second generation.
Bob Dornan
Dornan ran for the Republican nomination for President of the United States in the 1996 election, but lost the nomination to Kansas United States Senator Bob Dole. Dornan also lost his House re-election in 1996 to Loretta Sanchez by 979 votes.
In the late 1990s and early 2000s, Dornan hosted the "Bob Dornan Show", a radio talk show syndicated nationally by Talk Radio Network.
Dornan took an active role in the civil rights movement. He took part in the historic 1963 March on Washington led by Martin Luther King Jr. The following year he helped register African Americans to vote in Mississippi.
Dornan was also an actor and had a recurring role as Captain Fowler on ABC's Twelve O'Clock High television series and smaller roles on ABC's Bewitched and NBC's I Dream of Jeannie.
Other websites
Retrieved on 2009-03-08
Attention, Turtle!
Attention, Turtle! (Внимание, черепаха!) is a 1970 Soviet comedy movie directed by Rolan Bykov. It stars Alexei Yershov, Andrei Samotolkin, and Mikhail Martirosyan.
Mitsuo Itoh
Mitsuo Itoh (伊藤光夫) was a Japanese motorcycle road racer. He started his Grand Prix career in 1961, and was active until 1967. He competed for Suzuki. He was a starter in 29 races, winning two and having a podium finish 13 times. He won the 1963 Isle of Man 50cc ultra-lightweight TT and the 1967 50cc Japanese Grand Prix (his final race).
Bitterfeld-Wolfen
Bitterfeld-Wolfen is a town in the district Anhalt-Bitterfeld, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is in south-eastern Saxony-Anhalt, west of the river Mulde. The average air temperature in Bitterfeld is 10.0 °C and the yearly rainfall 518 mm.
More than 40,000 people live there.
Yugo
The Yugo, also called Zastava Koral and Yugo Koral, was a subcompact hatchback vehicle. It was manufactured between 2000 and 2008 by the Zastava Automobiles, then a Yugoslavian vehicle-production company. Before 2000, these automobiles were produced from completely different vehicle-making businesses.
The first Yugo vehicles were produced in August 1953. They used designs licensed by Fiat of Turin. The cars came into the United States in 1985. The automobiles were called Yugo when being manufactured in the United States.
Yugo America sold these vehicles between August 1985 and 1992. They were called the worst vehicles in history.
Knuth's up-arrow notation
Knuth's up-arrow notation is a way of expressing very big numbers. It was made by Donald Knuth in 1976. It is related to the hyperoperation sequence. The notation is used in Graham's number.
One arrow represents exponentiation, 2 arrows represent tetration, 3 for pentation, etc.:
This notation is used to describe the incredibly large Graham's Number.
Vic Cathedral
Vic Cathedral (Catedral de Vic, Catedral de Vich), officially the Cathedral of St. Peter the Apostle (Catedral de Sant Pere Apòstol, Catedral de San Pedro Apóstol) is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Vic, Catalonia, Spain. It is the seat of the Diocese of Vic.
It has a mix of Romanesque, Gothic, Baroque and Neoclassic styles.
Yancey County, North Carolina
Yancey County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. In 2010, 17,818 people lived there. Its county seat is Burnsville.
Alexis Bledel
Kimberly Alexis Bledel (September 16, 1981 ), is an American television and movie actress. Her most notable acting is the television series Gilmore Girls. She has also been in the movies Sin City and Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants. Bledel is a Democrat and attended the 2012 Democratic National Convention in support of President Obama's re-election.
Polygenic score
A polygenic score is a concept in genetics. It is a number which adds up different aspects of a person as shown by their genetics. Bear in mind that is is now possible to have a very complete sequence of a person's genetic material (roughly, genes).
Polygenic scores are usually created from large scientific studies that look at the DNA of many people. These are called genome-wide association studies (GWASs). They can find out how important certain variants are. "Effect" is the name for the importance of a variant. Polygenic scores are made by adding up the effects of a large number of genetic variants. These genetic variants are known as alleles or SNPs.
It is used to estimate how likely a person is to have a trait or disease. It suggests how likely a person is to, for example, suffer a disease or disability as a result of their genetics. A polygenic score is the effect of many genetic variants on a trait. Polygenic scores can also tell how much of a trait or disease someone will have.
Polygenic scores can be used in adult humans. Polygenic scores are also sometimes used to decide if embryos are likely to have a disease.
Uses
Polygenic scores can make prediction of disease better. They help to know who will get the disease. Polygenic scores tell something new about a person's risk for a disease. This means that polygenic scores can be useful even if there are other already known risks. For example, a risk for lung cancer is smoking and a risk for heart disease is obesity. Some risks for diseases are only possible to know later in someone's life. However, polygenic scores can be made at the very beginning of someone's life. This way, polygenic scores can help to know someone's risk for disease earlier on. Some people have polygenic scores that say they are at high risk for a disease. These people can be helped earlier so they are less likely to get a disease.
Polygenic scores are very useful for diseases involving the heart, or blood. Some of the names of these diseases are coronary artery disease (plaque in the heart), hypertension (high blood pressure), atrial fibrillation (not-normal heartbeat), cerebrovascular disease (problems with blood in the brain). This means polygenic scores may be useful in diseases related to the heart, or diseases related to metabolism (how the body uses food). Polygenic scores can help find people who are at risk of coronary artery disease (plaque staying inside the arteries near the heart) even if their family members don't have it.
Hyperlipidemia is when there are too many fats in the blood. It is a condition that happens when there is a lot of cholesterol and triglycerides (lipids) in someone's blood. Polygenic scores can help to know a person's risk of getting hyperlipidemia. Polygenic scores might also help a doctor treat a person who already has hyperlipidemia. Someone who has family members with hyperlipidemia has less risk of getting hyperlipidemia if their polygenic score says that they have low risk.
ADHD is a disorder where someone has hyperactivity or issues with attention. There are polygenic scores for ADHD. These scores are related to if someone will be diagnosed with ADHD. These scores are also related to how severe their ADHD is. Polygenic scores for ADHD might help find which children have ADHD earlier in their lives.
Polygenic scores are good at predicting if someone will get Alzheimer's disease or not. Polygenic scores for Alzheimer's disease can help determine if the hippocampus, a part of the brain, will get smaller.
Some polygenic scores tell about, or predict, cognitive ability and how many years someone has gone to school.
Some other polygenic scores have been made, such as for schizophrenia, depression, bipolar disorder, neuroticism, externalizing behaviors, extraversion, and anxiety.
Polygenic scores are used commonly in animal breeding and plant breeding. They help improve livestock and crops.
Polygenic scores are also used to see if embryos are at risk of developing various diseases. This lets parents choose the baby that will be the healthiest.
Making polygenic scores
Polygenic scores are made by finding lots of people who have a disease, and lots of people who do not. The DNA of these people is studied. Scientists see if DNA variations happen more in the people with the disease, or happen less in the people with the disease. This figures out which DNA variations, or genes, are important. Because some of these DNA variations are more important than others, the more important DNA variations affect the polygenic score more. Often, very big groups of people are used to make polygenic scores. One of these big groups of people is the UK Biobank.
Populations sometimes have different frequencies of genes. Before making a polygenic score, the data is changed so that genes that are different between populations will not affect the results. Scientists can use different ways of making polygenic scores more accurate. They choose to not use very correlated DNA variations that are close together, to avoid counting the same DNA variation twice. They can include only the DNA variations that they are sure of, or they can include even DNA variations that they are not sure of. They can use machine learning to do this better. They can also use DNA variations about traits related to the trait or disease that they are studying, in order to have more data.
Scrubs
Scrub(s) may refer to:
Agusta A.104
The Agusta A.104 Helicar was an Italian prototype light commercial helicopter first flown in December 1960. It's engine is an Agusta GA.140
Shinji Kaneko
Club career statistics
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Robert H. Goddard
Robert Hutchings Goddard (1882-1945) was an American scientist who designed, built and fired rockets. In 1918 he invented the bazooka for the United States Army.
On March 16, 1926, he launched the world's first liquid fueled rocket. It reached a height of 56 m at a speed of 100 km/h. When he suggested that a rocket could travel fast enough to leave the Earth and reach the Moon, the newspapers made fun of him. Many of his ideas, such as multi stage rockets, and the concept of escape velocity are now part of modern rocket science. He has been called "the father of space flight."
Space Launch System
The Space Launch System (SLS) is a NASA rocket. It is a super heavy-lift launch vehicle. It is the second most powerful rocket ever built, less powerful than Starship. The SLS is a replacement for the retired Space Shuttle. Many parts are modified versions of parts designed for the Space Shuttle. Others are new designs.
Dick Allen
Richard Anthony Allen (March 8, 1942 – December 7, 2020) was an American professional baseball player. During his 15-season Major League Baseball (MLB) career, he appeared as a first baseman, third baseman, and outfielder. He played for the Philadelphia Phillies, St. Louis Cardinals, Los Angeles Dodgers, Oakland Athletics and Chicago White Sox. Allen was born in Wampum, Pennsylvania.
Space Launch System
The first crewed (carrying people) flight will be no earlier than November 2024. The planned flight is Artemis 3.
Dick Allen
Candidacy
He was going to get into the hall of fame, but he died before he could make it. So sad.
Death
Allen died on December 7, 2020 in Wampum from cancer at the age of 78.
Space Launch System
Block 1
The least powerful kind of the SLS is the Block 1. The core stage will use the parts of the Space Shuttle External Tank. It will also use four Space Shuttle Main Engines. The rocket boosters are connected to the sides are the 5-segment Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Boosters. The top stage will use is the Interim Cryogenic Propulsion Stage (ICPS).
Block 1B
Block 1B is similar to the Block 1. The top stage will change with Exploration Upper Stage (EUS). A crew version and a cargo version will be made.
Block 2
Block 2 is similar to Block 1B. The 5-segment SRBs will be changed with advanced boosters.
Abimael Guzmán
Manuel Rubén Abimael Guzmán Reinoso (3 December 1934 − 11 September 2021), also known by his nom de guerre Chairman Gonzalo (Presidente Gonzalo), was a Peruvian Maoist leader.
He founded the Communist Party of Peru – Shining Path in 1969. He led a terrorist campaign against the Peruvian government until he was arrested in September 1992. He was sentenced to life imprisonment for terrorism and treason.
In July 2021, Guzmán was hospitalized after refusing to eat. He died on 11 September 2021 in Callao, Peru at the age of 86.
Lake Rotorua
Lake Rotorua is a large shallow lake in the North Island of New Zealand.
The lake was formed from the crater of a large volcano. Its last major eruption was about 240,000 years ago. After the eruption, the magma chamber underneath the volcano collapsed. The circular depression left behind is the Rotorua Caldera, the site of the lake. Several other lakes of volcanic origin are nearby to the east around the active volcano Mount Tarawera.
The lake is large, 79.8 km2, but its mean depth is only 10 metres. It is in the Bay of Plenty region. The city of Rotorua is on its southern shore, and the town of Ngongotaha is at the western edge of the lake.
Taylor J-2 Cub
The Taylor J-2 Cub (later also known as the Piper J-2 Cub) is an American light aircraft that was designed and built by the Taylor Aircraft Company. The company became the Piper Aircraft Company and the J-2 was first of a long line of related Piper Cub designs. Its engine is a Continental A-40-3.
Ostra, Suceava
Ostra is a commune found in Suceava County, Romania.
Coppélia
Coppélia ou La fille aux yeux d'email (Coppélia or The Girl with the Enamel Eyes) is probably the best-known and most performed comedy ballet in the world. Arthur Saint-Léon and Charles Nuitter based the ballet on E. T. A. Hoffmann's 1816 short story The Sandman (short story). Léo Delibes wrote the music. Saint-Léon choreographed the ballet.
The ballet is set in a Polish village long ago. Swanhilda and Frantz are sweethearts. Swanhilda thinks Frantz is in love with Coppélia, a strange girl in the house of a dollmaker named Dr. Coppélius. Swanhilda discovers Coppélia is a doll. Dr. Coppélius tries to bring the doll to life using Frantz's life force. Swanhilda saves her sweetheart's life, and the two live happily ever after.
Coppélia was in rehearsal for three years. It had many troubles. One was finding just the right dancer to portray Swanhilda. Sixteen-year-old Giuseppina Bozzacchi was finally chosen. Frantz was played by Eugenie Fiocre. The ballet was first performed on 25 May 1870 at the Théâtre Impérial de l´Opéra in Paris. Coppélia was a great success. It has been performed around the world.
Story of the ballet
Act II. Swanhilda and her girlfriends explore Dr. Coppélius's workroom. It is filled with life-size dolls. Swanhilda discovers Coppélia is also a doll. Coppélius enters and chases the girls away. Swanhilda hides. Frantz climbs through the window. Coppélius welcomes him. He needs a human sacrifice to bring Coppélia to life.
Coppélius give Frantz a glass of wine. The boy falls asleep. The dollmaker performs a magic spell. He tries to bring Coppélia to life using Frantz's life force. Swanhilda pretends to be Coppélia. She destroys the workroom, and saves Frantz's life. Coppélius faints as the sweethearts run away.
Act III. A new church bell is blessed. Swanhilda and Frantz (and other couples) are going to be married. They have all been given dowries by the Lord of the Manor. Dr. Coppélius enters. He is angry. He wants to be paid for the damage done to his workroom. Swanhilda offers her dowry.
The Lord of the Manor allows Swanhilda to keep her dowry. He agrees to pay for the damages. The couples enter the chapel. The celebrations start with the "Dance of the Hours". Dawn, Day, the Hour of Prayer, and other dances are performed. The married couples return. All rejoice.
Short story to ballet
Several changes were made to Hoffmann's dark short story when it was adapted to the bright and gay Coppélia. In Hoffmann's fairy tale, for example, the doll comes to life through the hero's life force. In the ballet though, the doll remains a doll. Coppélius's attempt to bring it to life is thwarted by Swanhilda.
In another example, Hoffmann's hero sees the doll in a vision. He then falls from a tower to his death. The hero of Coppélia however is saved by his sweetheart. A happy ending replaces a tragic ending.
The designers of the ballet chose only Dr. Coppélius, the life-sized doll, and the young man torn between his attraction to the doll and his love for a human sweetheart for their adaptation. They set the story in a simple country village. Hoffmann set his story in "the philosophically oriented bourgeois society" of the early 19th century.
The spirit of Coppélia is lighthearted and gay. The story of the ballet is simple. Its fantastic touches such as the dollmaker and his workshop make Coppélia, according to Lincoln Kirstein, "a trifle presumed especially appealing to children."
Development of the ballet
Coppélia is one of many (if not the first) ballet about bringing a doll to life. Charles Nuitter started work on the libretto in late 1866 or early 1867. He had a young dancer named Léontine Beaugrand in mind for the part of Swanhilda. Delibes set to work writing the music.
Hewing
In woodworking, hewing is the use of an axe to make a log into lumber. It is a very old way of making lumber, and was used in ancient times. Before the industrial era it was the normal way to make wood beams. Today it has mostly been replaced by sawmills, but is in some use.
Coppélia
Development of the ballet
Rehearsals started. The director of the Opéra wanted a star with a well known name to portray the ballet's heroine, Swanhilda. Beaugrand was a lovely young dancer, but her career was just starting. She had yet to have the sort of name that would draw ballet-goers to the theatre.
Hewing
Definitions
Hew is a word that means to strike, blow, chop, or gash with a tool such as an axe or sword. It is used in warfare, stone and wood cutting, and coal and salt mining. This is the root word for hewing.
Coppélia
Development of the ballet
Adèle Grantzow, a German ballerina dancing at the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow, was hired to play Swanhilda. Saint-Léon was working between France and Russia at this time. He could not completely devote himself to Coppélia. Consequently, the ballet was rehearsed over a three-year period.
Hewing
Definitions
Hewing wood is to shape a log with a sharp item such as an axe with the goal to flatten one or more sides.
Coppélia
Development of the ballet
Coppélia lost its star when Grantzow was injured. She went back to Russia. Beaugrand was again passed over for the part of Swanhilda. Giuseppina Bozzacchi was a sixteen-year-old dancer in the company. It was she who was chosen to play Swanhilda.
Hewing
Methods
As hewing has been used since ancient times, more than one way has been made to do each step. But in general, there are four steps in the process.
Prepare log
The first step is to prepare the log (or tree trunk). After a tree is selected and cut down, hewing can be done at the place where the log landed. Or the log can be moved out of the woods to a work site. The log is then usually placed across two smaller logs. It is kept steady by notching the support logs or by a long bar of iron with a tooth on either end. Then the person doing the hewing measures where to cut and marks lines along the log. These are usually done with a chalk line.
Coppélia
First performance
Bozzacchi danced eighteen performances of the ballet before the theatre closed because of the Franco-Prussian War. She died of a fever during the Siege of Paris on her seventeenth birthday, 23 November 1870.
Hewing
Scoring
The next step is to make notches every foot or two of the log. These are made almost as deep as the marked line. This is called scoring. There are at least three methods that can be used in scoring.
Tihomir Arsić
Tihomir Arsić (21 July 1957 – 7 December 2020) was a Serbian actor. He appeared in more than forty movies from 1975 until his death. He was born in Zemun, Serbia. Arsić was known for his roles in The Promising Boy, Great Transport, Battle of Kosovo and The Optimists.
Two Strong Hearts
"Two Strong Hearts" is a 1988 song by Australian singer John Farnham. It is the second single from his 13th studio album Age of Reason. It went to number 6 in Australia, number 80 in the United Kingdom, number 50 in Canada and number 28 in New Zealand.
Coppélia
First performance
When the theatres reopened in 1871, Beaugrand played Swanhilda with great success. The part of Frantz was again played by a woman in men's clothing. Frantz would be a travesty role at the Paris Opéra until the 1950s.
Hewing
Joggling or juggling
The next step is know as either joggling or juggling. In this step the pieces of wood between the notches are knocked off with an axe. The result is a rough surface cut down almost to the marked line. The steps to this point remove a much wood and make the last step hewing easier.
Tihomir Arsić
Arsić died on 7 December 2020 in Belgrade at the age of 63.
Hewing
Hewing
The last step is called hewing. (The entire process is called hewing as well). This step is done on the sides of the log using a broadaxe. Hewing is started from the bottom of the trem stem upwards toward what was the top of the tree. This reduces the risk of broken fibers that may move inwards toward the beam.
It is also possible to use an adze to hew the top surface of a log. In the past, shipbuilders often used adzes to shape ship timbers. The choice of tool (either axe or adze) was made based on the position of the log to hew. The sides are best hewn with an axe and the top best hewn with an adze.
After the hewing is done, other tools are used to make the surface smooth. This can be done with a hand plane, drawknife, or yariganna.
Modern uses
Some people still used hand-hewn beams in modern building, but it is very rare. A more common use is the re-use of old hand-hewn beams taken from old buildings. They are also popular as decor in some buildings.
Coppélia
Music
Coppélia was the first ballet score written completely by Delibes. He studied with Adolphe Adam. Adam was the composer of the enduring romantic ballet, Giselle, and the first to use leitmotifs in ballet. Delibes, like his teacher, used leitmotifs to identify persons and places in Coppelia. Swanhilda has a waltz, and Frantz has two leitmotifs. Coppélius has a dry-sounding motif and the doll has an odd-sounding little motif. Bustling, lively music identifies the village square. Sinister music identifies Coppélius's workshop.
Delibes appreciated the folk music of eastern Europe. He wrote both a Polish dance called the mazurka, and an Hungarian dance called the czardas for the ballet. Delibes's czardas was the first written for a ballet. Other ethnic music in the ballet include a Spanish bolero and a Scottish jig. Frantz has no solo dance in the original ballet because a woman played the part. A pas de deux for Frantz and Swanhilda was not possible for the same reason. The pas de deux now in the ballet was the addition of Marius Petipa. He put a pas de deux in the ballet when he rearranged the music for his 1884 St Petersburg production.
Reviews
The critic of Le Figaro wrote on 28 May 1870, "M. Léo Delibes has composed for the three scenes of Coppélia a distinguished, piquant, and colorful score, excellently orchestrated ... It is very difficult to write for legs with a little artistry, taste, and style. For instance, ballets such as Giselle are not improvised by the dozen. M. Delibes has avoided the commonplace in a piece where it has every right to succeed."
The critic of Le Ménestrel wrote about Bozzacchi on 29 May 1870, "The title of child prodigy should be devised for her had it had not been abused in so many other cases; although scarcely fifteen years old she is already a very skillful dancer, what is better still in our opinion, she is a graceful and a witty actress; add to that a well-proportioned, dainty little body, and that she bids fair to have the prettiest features in the world. If she fulfills all her first promises, she will be a power in her profession."
France
Coppelia was, and still is, very popular. The Paris Opéra Ballet has performed Coppelia 711 times over 90 years. In 1996, Patrice Bart created a new version of the ballet. He went back to Hoffmann's fairy tale. In the process, he brought some psychological depth to the ballet's characters. He even put one of Hoffmann's original characters, Professor Spalanzani, into his new version. Bart also used music from Delibes's operas Le Roi l'a dit and Lakmé.
England
Coppélia was first performed in England at the Empire Theatre in London on 14 May 1906. Adeline Genée danced Swanhilda. The Royal Ballet first staged Coppélia in 1933. This staging was Nicholas Sergeyev's version based on the 19th century revision by Lev Ivanov and Enrico Cecchetti. Dame Ninette de Valois danced Swanilda in Sergeyev's 1933 version. In 1954, de Valois created her own version based on the Russian versions of Coppélia.
Francesco Botticini
Francesco Botticini (real name Francesco di Giovanni, 1446 – 16 January 1498 ) was an Italian painter. He lived in the early part of the Renaissance period. He was born in Florence about 1446 and is best known for his painting called "Assumption of the Virgin".
Coppélia
Russia
Coppélia was first performed in Russia in 1884. Marius Petipa adapted the original choreography for this production. In 2009, Sergei Vikharev reconstructed Coppélia for the Bolshoi Ballet from the Mariinsky Theatre records of 1894. This version featured new designs and 24 dancers in the "Dance of the Hours". Vikharev's version was staged in London in 2010 as part of the Bolshoi's summer tour.
Francesco Botticini
He died in 1497 or 1498. After he had been an assistant to the painter Neri di Bicci he started his own workshop. The shop was famous for its decorative works, a few of which can be seen in the cloistered church of Empoli. Botticini was influenced by Filippino Lippi and Botticelli who were two very famous Florentine painters.
Coppélia
United States
Coppélia was first performed in the United States by the American Opera Company at the Metropolitan Opera in New York City on 11 March 1887. Marie Giuri danced Swanhilda and Felicita Carossa danced Frantz. Anna Pavlova made her American debut in the role of Swanhilda at the Metropolitan Opera on 28 February 1910. George Balanchine and Alexandra Danilova choreographed a version of Coppélia in 1974. Their production used the traditional story in the first two scenes, but dropped the third scene's "Dance of the Hours" for a general celebration of ballet.
Maria Bello
Maria Elena Bello (born April 18, 1967) is an American actress and singer. She has acted in the movies Permanent Midnight (1998), Payback (1999), Coyote Ugly (2000), The Cooler (2003), A History of Violence (2005), Thank You for Smoking (2006), and The Jane Austen Book Club (2007). In television, she acted in the medical drama ER from 1997 to 1998. She stars in NCIS. She also acted in Touch in 2013.
Mick Tingelhoff
Henry Michael Tingelhoff (May 22, 1940September 11, 2021) was an American football center. He played for the Minnesota Vikings of the National Football League (NFL) from 1962 to 1978. He was elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2015. He was born in Lexington, Nebraska.
Maria Bello
She was born in Pennsylvania. In November 2013, Bello wrote about having a same-sex relationship with her partner Clare Munn.
Vivian Perlis
Vivian L. Perlis (April 26, 1928 – July 4, 2019) was an American musicologist. She was the founder and director of Yale University's Oral History of American Music. She founded the oral history project in 1969. She also notably wrote Charles Ives Remembered. She first started working at Yale University as a reference librarian in 1959. She retired in 2010.
Perlis was born in Brooklyn, New York and grew up in Long Island. She was married to Stanford James Perlis, and had three children.
Perlis died in Weston, Connecticut on July 4, 2019 after an illness. She was 91.
Coppélia
Australia
The first Australian production premiered in 1931 in Sydney, Australia. This production was designed and staged by Louise Lightfoot and performed by the First Australian Ballet. Australian ballet lovers then saw selections from the ballet as well as complete, full length productions by both Australian and foreign companies in the following decades.
Duat
Is the Egyptian idea of the underworld (also called Akert, Amenthes, or Neter-khertet). To the Egyptians, the underworld was divided into sections filled with dangers that the Egyptian Soul had to pass through. This is the same realm that Ra was believed to pass into each night and battle Apophis. The Egyptian Underworld is described in many funerary texts that are found in tombs of mummies, believed to help guide them through death.
Duat is where the famous Weighing of the Heart is displayed. Where the soul, shown as a heart, is weighed on the scales of Anubis against the feather of Ma'at. Ammut was believed to eat the souls of the people whose heart did not match the exact weight of Ma'at's feather. It was thought that the heart itself was then eaten by a lion.
The Egyptian idea of the underworld influenced many other ideas of afterlife in other cultures.
Coppélia
China
A version of Coppélia was staged by the National Ballet of China in Beijing in 2002. The dances for this production were designed by Par Isberg. The production opened at the Tianqiao Theatre on 1 May 2002. Wang Qiming played Coppélia. The production stayed close to the original, but the story was simplified and made modern. Costumes included jeans for men and short, tight skirts for women. Some of the women danced on roller skates.
Sarah Chalke
Sarah Louise Christine Chalke (born August 27, 1976) is a Canadian-American actress most famous for her role as "Elliot Reid" on Scrubs and "Becky Conner" on Roseanne and in the CBS comedy How I Met Your Mother, and The Powerpuff Girls.
She is engaged to lawyer Jamie Afifi, with whom she has a son, Charlie Rhodes Afifi, born December 24, 2009.
President of the Spanish Senate
The president of the Senate is the presiding officer of the Spanish Senate, the upper house of Spain's Cortes Generales. It is the fourth authority of the country after the Monarch (Head of State), the Prime Minister (Head of Government) and the President of the Congress of Deputies (Speaker of the Lower House). He or she is elected among and by the incumbent senators and when unable to exercise power, he or she is replaced by the Vice Presidents of the Senate.
The current office was established by the 1978 Constitution, however, the position has a tradition of almost 200 years, since its creation in 1834 when it was called President of the House of Peers.
As of the 14th term of the Cortes Generales, the current officeholder is Ander Gil, a member of the Socialist Parliamentary Group representing Burgos.
The Ballad of Bering and His Friends
The Ballad of Bering and His Friends (Баллада о Беринге и его друзьях) is a 1970 Soviet adventure movie directed by Yuri Shvyryov. It stars Kārlis Sebris, Igor Ledogorov, and Yuri Nazarov.
Turritopsis dohrnii
Turritopsis dohrnii, also known as the immortal jellyfish, is a species of small jellyfish found in the Mediterranean Sea and in the waters off Japan.