cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
The Far Country
The Far Country is a 1954 American romantic western movie. It was directed by Anthony Mann. The movie stars James Stewart, Ruth Roman, Corinne Calvert, and Walter Brennan. It was distributed by Universal Pictures.
Villain (1971 movie)
Villain is a 1971 British crime drama movie. It was directed by Michael Tuchner The movie is based on the 1968 novel The Burden of Proof by James Barlow. Actors include Richard Burton, Ian McShane, Nigel Davenport, Joss Ackland, Donald Sinden, Fiona Lewis, Tony Selby, and John Hallam. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
Aai Kuthe Kay Karte
Aai Kuthe Kay Karte is an Indian television drama fiction series.
Dalja, The Vampire Girl
Dalja, The Vampire Girl (뱀파이어 소녀 달자) is a Korean vampire horror-comedy television animated sitcom. And the show about the daily lives of the newcomer vampire family to the city and Heo Donggu, the economics-loving boy.
Safi-ad-din Ardabili
He was a descendant of Safavid dynasty Safi-ad-din Ardabili.
Le Bersac
Le Bersac is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department.
Road
The D21, D121 and D1075 (E712) roads pass through the commune.
Koriya district
Koriya district, officially known as Korea district, is a district in the north-western part of the Chhattisgarh state in Central India. The administrative headquarters of the district is Baikunthpur.
Sinaloa Cartel
The Sinaloa Cartel (Cártel de Sinaloa), also known as the Guzmán-Loera Organization, the Pacific Cartel, the Federation and the Blood Alliance,  is an international drug trafficking, money laundering, and organized crime group established during the late 1980s. The cartel is in the city of Culiacán, Sinaloa, with operations in the Mexican states of Baja California, Durango, Sonora, and Chihuahua.
Koriya district
History
Not much was known about the area before the 16th century. The district was formed on 25 May 1998.
Accident (1967 movie)
Accident is a 1967 British drama movie. It was directed by Joseph Losey. The movie is based on the 1965 novel of the same name by Nicholas Mosley (who also stars). Other actors include Dirk Bogarde, Stanley Baker, Jacqueline Sassard, Michael York, Vivien Merchant, and Freddie Jones. It was distributed by London Independent Producers.
Sinaloa Cartel
The United States calls the Sinaloa Cartel "the most powerful drug trafficking organization in the world" and in 2011, the Los Angeles Times called it "Mexico's most powerful organized crime group." The group makes and sells opium, marijuana, heroin and cocaine. They also do human trafficking.
Accident (1967 movie)
At the 1967 Cannes Film Festival, it won the award for Grand Prix Spécial du Jury.
Robert Torti
Robert Felix Torti (born October 22, 1961) is an American actor and singer. Torti was born in Van Nuys, California. His career began with his role as Jesus and Jack in both the New York City and Los Angeles stage productions of Reefer Madness.
The Yellow Canary
The Yellow Canary is a 1963 American thriller movie. It was directed by Buzz Kulik. The movie is based on the novel by Whit Masterson. It stars Pat Boone, Barbara Eden, Steve Forrest, Jack Klugman, and Harold Gould. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Robert Torti
He also played Kurt Martin on the Disney television series The Suite Life of Zack & Cody and The Suite Life on Deck.
The Man with One Red Shoe
The Man with One Red Shoe is a 1985 American comedy thriller movie. It was directed by Stan Dragoti. It is a remake of the 1972 movie Le Grand Blond avec une chaussure noire. Actors include Tom Hanks, Dabney Coleman, Lori Singer, Jim Belushi, Carrie Fisher, Charles Durning, and David Ogden Stiers. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox. It was a box office disappointment.
Tomaszów Mazowiecki
Tomaszów Mazowiecki is a town in Łódź Voivodeship in Poland. In 2019, 61,960 people lived there.
Don't Bother to Knock
Don't Bother to Knock is a 1952 American psychological thriller movie. It was directed by Roy Ward Baker. The movie is based on the 1951 novel Mischief by Charlotte Armstrong. Actors include Marilyn Monroe, Richard Widmark, Enrique Peña Nieto, Elisha Cook Jr., Anne Bancroft, and Jeanne Cagney. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Sonic Rivals 2
Sonic Rivals 2 is a 2007 racing video game, the sequel to the 2006 game Sonic Rivals. The game was made by Backbone Entertainment and supervised by Sega Studio USA, for the PlayStation Portable handheld video game console. Sonic Rivals 2 was released across November and December 2007.
Blondie of the Follies
Blondie of the Follies is a 1932 American comedy movie directed by Edmund Goulding and starring Marion Davies, Robert Montgomery, Billie Dove. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
Sabadell
Sabadell is a municipality of 216,759 people (2021). It is found in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain.
A Safe Place
A Safe Place is a 1971 American drama movie. It was directed by Henry Jaglom. Actors include Orson Welles, Jack Nicholson, Tuesday Weld, Philip Proctor, and Francesca Hilton. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures. The movie did not make much money in ticket sales.
Saint-Sauveur, Hautes-Alpes
Saint-Sauveur is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department.
Road
The D39, D39A, D40 and D994D roads pass through the commune.
Segre (river)
The Segre ( or ; Sègre) is a river tributary to the Ebro (Ebre in Catalan). The basin is located across three countries: France, Andorra and Spain.
Windows Phone 8.1
Development history
On November 12, 2013. Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer have a reach Windows Phone 8.1 can release in winter 2013 (December 2013), was the final update for Windows Phone, but was re-released in April 2014, they have many running for the features codename is  Windows Phone Blue  was released on April 15, 2014, on April 16, 2014, Microsoft reach Cortana launched to Windows Phone Blue, has been the name for Microsoft, after release on April 2, 2014, from Microsoft website, on April 19, 2014, Microsoft notification the security update was released for Windows Phone Blue, launched for Defender phones device.
Leaked internet
On April 21, 2014. The version Windows Phone Blue was leaked for the Google website, Internet Explorer app, and Windows Phone Store, the all device for phone GB was leaked for the website, on April 23, 2014. Windows Live Search for Internet Explorer app is leaked for the Google Search, the SkyDrive and all features can be leaked until April 30, 2014, also Office app can download in until May 1, 2014, in the leaked.
Andrej Hryc
Andrej Hryc (30 November 1949 – 31 January 2021) was a Slovak actor. He appeared in more than fifty movies from 1976 until his death. He was born in Bratislava, Slovakia. He was known for his roles in Rivers of Babylon, Habermann, Příběh kmotra and Colette.
Windows Phone 8.1
Support until version
On May 25, 2014, Microsoft gets a security update for people who uses Windows Phone Blue can change them until version Update 1, also the next version is Windows Phone 8, which was current until May 31, 2014, and June 1, 2014. On June 15, 2014, the codename Windows Phone Blue was changed names is Windows Phone 8.1 official released, why people use Windows Phone 8.1, on June 27, 2014, Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer and Chairman Joe Belfiore reaches the Windows Phone 8.1 can release launch on July 15, 2014. The final month for version Windows Phone 8 end security update 1, was until on July 8, 2014, on July 18, 2014, after release, Microsoft reaches release Update 1 until after July 2014.
Andrej Hryc
Hryc died on 31 January 2021 in Bratislava from leukaemia, aged 71.
Windows Phone 8.1
Cortana
Cortana is the virtual assistant for Microsoft, was launched for Windows Phone 8.1 until April 16, 2014, at the Windows Phone Shop, from the Joe Belfiore, Bill Gates and Steve Ballmer, was the business and enterprise in Cortana assistant, Cortana can talk to the voice for the people, can respond to Hey Cortana for Windows Phone 8.1, they have talk screen look like for Windows 10, in the Chinese, her name is Xiao Na, is the Cortana names for the Chinese write this names, also the good virtual assistant can ask by the voice, Cortana can make your people find anything for the app, finding your home, and open app, was the good job app Cortana.
Action Center
Action Center is the news features can reach launched for Windows Phone 8.1, also most be the news update for Xbox One app can be used for Windows Phone 8.1, in the Action Center, have no tablet mode, is the internet connection has just for the Start buttons, in the virtual phone has to be deleted Action Center was similar for Windows 10.
Hardware
Hardware for Windows Phone 8.1 was the leaked number for RAM is 512MB, or 256MB for 32-bit ARM architectures, in the size for phone can until for 15,4cm or the next is 28m, in the first phones, has been a 256MB leaked another. The Windows Phone 8.1 can download for 198MB and 298MB for the least upgraded for Windows Phone 7 and Windows Phone 8, in ended support was taken for 256MB RAM has been freed on January 18, 2015.
Awards and support
On April 10, 2015. Microsoft released the Windows Phone 8.1 build 15116, which was the first build number for Microsoft, in awards can reach 100 thousand for phones, on May 15, 2015. Microsoft reaches Windows Phone 8.1 can be launched for Microsoft Lumia and Microsoft Mobiles, on June 29, 2015. Security Update for Windows Phone 8.1 has been a free update for Microsoft, a year later for ended support, on August 18, 2015. Microsoft has news notification the Windows Phone 8.1 has been ended for support until July 2017, after release in 2014, they have no support for Windows Phone 8.1 and security update, Microsoft reaches the upgrade update for Windows Phone 8.1 to Windows 10 Mobile, was free upgraded until July 12, 2017, after the end of support, on July 19, 2017. Microsoft has the free upgraded Windows 10 Mobile for Windows Phone 8.1 from the Microsoft website after the service has been ended for Windows Phone 8.1.
After ended support later
In August 2017, Microsoft have the notification in news Windows 10 Mobile build 10159 have the news name based on Windows Phone 8.1, has been similar to the news update from the Windows Phone Store, the upgrade can until and buy Windows 10 Mobile can sale beginning on October 10, 2017, Microsoft CEO launched the 3 device phone for Windows 10 Mobile after the end of support for Windows Phone 8.1, on December 13, 2017. Microsoft update security for Windows 10 Mobile, and monthly rollup phone for Windows Phone 8.1 support.
Masasa Moyo
Masasa E. Moyo (born January 23, 1970) is a Canadian television, movie and voice actress. She rose to fame with roles in TV series and movies such as Young Justice, American Dad! and Team America: World Police. She has voiced several video game characters including Adi Gallia in multiple Star Wars video games, Psylocke and Shanna the She-Devil for X-Men video games as appearing in Skylanders: SuperChargers. She is of Zimbabwean, Irish and German ancestry.
HOT Animation
HOT Animation was a British animation studio owned by HiT Entertainment that specialised in stop-motion animation, cel animation, and computer animation. It was established on 1 April 1998 by Jackie Cockle, Brian Little, and Joe Dembinski. One of the famous productions was Bob the Builder.
Nick Kotz
Nathan "Nick" K. Kotz (September 16, 1932 – April 26, 2020) was an American journalist, author, and historian. He was born in San Antonio, Texas. He was best known for his 2005 book Judgment Days: Lyndon Baines Johnson, Martin Luther King Jr., and the Laws that Changed America talking about the roles of President Lyndon B. Johnson and Martin Luther King Jr. in the passage of the 1964, 1965, and 1968 civil rights laws. Kotz won a Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting in 1968.
Kotz was killed outside his farm on April 26, 2020 in Broad Run, Virginia after being hit by his car, aged 87.
Tony Nash (bobsledder)
Antony James Dillon Nash (18 March 1936 – 17 March 2022) was a British bobsledder. He was born in Amersham, Buckinghamshire. He competed in the 1960s in two Winter Olympics. He won the gold in the two-man event at the 1964 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck.
Nash died on 17 March 2022, one day before his 86th birthday.
John L. McClellan
John Little McClellan (February 25, 1896 – November 28, 1977) was an American lawyer and politician. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He was a U.S. Representative (1935–1939) and a U.S. Senator (1943–1977) from Arkansas.
He was Chairman of the Senate Appropriations Committee. He was the longest-serving senator in Arkansas history.
Hema Bharali
Hema Bharali (19 February 1919 – 29 April 2020) was an Indian freedom activist, social worker, Sarvodaya leader and Gandhian. She was born in Assam, India. She was known for her works to the empowerment of women in India. The Government of India awarded her the fourth highest civilian honour of the Padma Shri, in 2005. She was involved with the Padayatra in connection with the Bhoodan movement and was a founder member of the executive council of the Central Social Welfare Board (CSWB).
John L. McClellan
McClellan died in his sleep on November 28, 1977, in Little Rock, Arkansas from problems caused by heart surgery at the age of 81.
Hema Bharali
Bharali died on 29 April 2020 in Assam, aged 101.
Verrières-de-Joux
Verrières-de-Joux is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France.
The Pirate
The Pirate is a 1948 American musical movie directed by Vincente Minnelli and was based on the 1942 play of the same name by S. N. Behrman. It stars Judy Garland, Gene Kelly, Walter Slezak, Gladys Cooper, Reginald Owen, George Zucco, Lester Allen, Lola Albright and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1949.
Beuvry-la-Forêt
Beuvry-la-Forêt is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 2,796 people lived there.
Economy of South Africa
The economy of South Africa is the second largest in Africa, after Nigeria. South Africa is an upper-middle-income economy. South Africa's Gross Domestic Product almost tripled to peak at $400 billion in 2011. South Africa has a Population of 58,775,022 (2019 est.). the currency of south Africa is in South African rand and the Main industries are mining (South Africa is the world's largest producer of platinum).
La Cluse-et-Mijoux
La Cluse-et-Mijoux is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France.
Granges-Narboz
Granges-Narboz is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France.
Les Fourgs
Les Fourgs is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France.
Fomalhaut b
Fomalhaut b is an object in the vicinity of the star Fomalhaut, about 25 light years away from us. The object was first postulated in 2008. In 2012, it could be observed for the first time. The nature of the object is unknown. While it was first thought to be an exoplanet, the opinion in 2021 is that it might be a dust cloud.
Charter Oak, California
Charter Oak is a census-designated place (CDP) in Los Angeles County, California. It is about 26 mi east of downtown Los Angeles. 9,739 people lived here at the 2020 census.
Charter Oak is in the eastern San Gabriel Valley and is in between Glendora to the north and Covina to the south. It is sometimes called the "unincorporated part of Covina".
Morteau
Morteau is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France.
Richard Lee McNair
Richard Lee McNair (born December 19, 1958) is an American criminal. He escaped from prison many times, but was taken back after he was spotted by a police officer in a very expensive van with homemade tinted windows.
Moving to other prisons
McNair eventually joined a sit down plea that led to him being moved to Florence High Security Prison in Minneapolis. After serving time, he joined another plea that led to him being moved to a high security prison in Denver. After serving time in there, he was moved to a high security federal prison in Louisiana. There, his job was to fix damaged mail bags so they could be sent back to the post office. On April 5, 2006, McNair decided to create an escape pod and hide inside one of the mail bags in a pallet. The pallet was later shrink wrapped but McNair managed to use a tube that he could breathe through once he had secretly pushed through the packaging. When police took the mail bag outside, McNair escaped the prison.
Police experiences
Later that same day, he was running near train tracks when a police officer saw him. McNair told the officer that he did not escape prison, and that he was doing exercise in the area. McNair told the officer that he and his brother were staying at a hotel when he was actually escaping from prison. In 2007 after over a year, he was stopped by police in Canada when they had seen him driving a stolen car. While being questioned by an officer, McNair escaped from them again. During his time protecting himself from capture, McNair had been making fake identification cards, and used computer technology to create driver’s licenses and monitor what the press was saying about him. He also appeared on Canada’s 15 Most Wanted list multiple times. In November that same year, a police officer noticed a van that seemed to have homemade tinted windows. McNair had made the tints himself, but the officer was suspicious because the van looked like it was a lot of money. The officer took the plate number and called it in. The day after, another officer spotted the van. A chase started, and when McNair drove the van into a parking lot, he ran off, but was stopped by the officer.
Final prison sentence
McNair now resides in ADX Florence, a supermax prison where inmates are locked down twenty-three hours a day, and they leave their cells with police by their side, who make sure they cannot escape the prison.
Eavan Boland
Eavan Frances Boland (24 September 1944 – 27 April 2020) was an Irish poet, author, and educator. She was a professor at Stanford University, where she had taught beginning in 1996. Her poems were about Irish national identity, and the role of women in Irish history. She was a recipient of the Lannan Literary Award for Poetry. Boland was born in Dublin.
Boland died on 27 April 2020, aged 75, from a stroke.
Maj Sjöwall
Maj Sjöwall (25 September 1935 – 29 April 2020) was a Swedish author and translator. She was born in Stockholm. She was best known for the work with her partner Per Wahlöö on a series of ten novels about the adventures of Martin Beck, a police detective in Stockholm. They also wrote novels separately.
In 1971, the fourth of the Beck books, The Laughing Policeman won an Edgar Award from the Mystery Writers of America for Best Novel and was made into the movie The Laughing Policeman.
Sjöwall died on 29 April 2020 at a hospital in Landskrona, Sweden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, aged 84.
The Red Shoes (1948 movie)
The Red Shoes is a 1948 British musical drama movie directed by Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger and was based on the fairy tale of the same name by Hans Christian Andersen. It stars Anton Walbrook, Marius Goring, Moira Shearer, Robert Helpmann, Léonide Massine, Esmond Knight, Austin Trevor, Irene Browne and was distributed by General Film Distributors. It won 2 Academy Awards and was nominated for 3 others in 1949.
Romance on the High Seas
Romance on the High Seas is a 1948 American romantic musical comedy movie directed by Michael Curtiz and starring Jack Carson, Janis Page, Don DeFore, Doris Day, Oscar Levant, Fortunio Bonanova, Eric Blore, Leslie Brooks. It was distributed by Warner Bros. and was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1949.
Ljupčo Kocarev
Ljupčo Kocarev (Skopje, February 25 1955), is a scientist, academician and professor of physics.
Education
He completed his primary, secondary and higher education (Faculty of Electrical Engineering) in his hometown Skopje, North Macedonia. He holds doctorate from the Institute of Physics of the Faculty of Science in Skopje.
Career
From 1999 to 2016 he worked at the University of California, San Diego in USA. He was educated in the United States, Germany, Italy, Hungary, Spain and Japan. In 2006, he was elected as a member of the IEEE. He became an associate member of the Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts on May 27, 2003, and a full member on May 1, 2007. As of January 1, 2020. Currently, he is the President of the Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts.
Works
Works of Ljupčo Kocarev includes several fields in physics and technical sciences. This includes nonlinear physics, complex systems  and networks (electrical circuits and systems) to information theory, cryptography, machine learning and data processing. Since 1986, he has published more than 140 publications in international journals and more than 150 publications in proceedings of peer-reviewed papers from international conferences. He is one of the most cited scientists in Macedonia.
Les Hôpitaux-Vieux
Les Hôpitaux-Vieux is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France.
Hauterive-la-Fresse
Hauterive-la-Fresse is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France.
Emergency communication system
An Emergency communication system (ECS) is any type of system (often using computers) that lets people or groups communicate during emergencies. These systems often include many different types of technology (such as telephones and televisions), which all work together to help communicate important messages during emergencies.
Emergency Communication Compared to Notification
An emergency notification system can send messages in just one direction (from the sender to the person or group that receives the message). Text message services like Twitter, automatic telephone services like "Reverse 911," and the common town siren systems that are used to warn people about tornadoes and other problems, are all examples of emergency notification systems.
Emergency Communication Systems often include notification abilities but will also include two-way communications, so people and groups can talk back and forth to each other.
Another meaning about the phrase, "Emergency Communication Systems" might be that the sender can give more information about an emergency. It can also mean that the sender can tell people what do to because of the emergency. The phrase "Emergency Notification System" might mean that the sender can only tell people or groups about the emergency, maybe without many details, too.
Similar Words and Phrases
There can be many different words and phrases that different people use, instead of "emergency communication system," but most times, they are talking about the same idea. For example, the phrases “emergency communications” and “emergency telecommunications” may talk about the same thing.
Why Emergency Communication Systems are Needed
Emergencies can make communications difficult. Communicating during emergencies can be very different than communicating during normal times. When emergencies happen, many things about the situation can change suddenly. Because of that, an emergency communication system should be able to do many special things. Often, popular communication tools (for example, Email) are not fast enough or they can not be used in every place. Every emergency situation can be very different and difficult to predict, so a good emergency communication system must be able to work for every situation.
Speed of Delivery
An emergency, according to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, is a surprising event or group of events that needs very quick actions. Because of that, it should be very important that any communication about an emergency be well-timed and quick, so things will not be damaged or people killed. For example, during the Virginia Tech massacre, about two hours had passed before the first communication (an email) was sent to workers and students; and by that time, the person who was using the gun had already went into a building where he was going to begin his attack. In that case, it was not until about twenty minutes after the violence began, that a loudspeaker announcement was made for people to hide. In many situations, it's likely clear that just seconds and minutes are the most important for communicating during emergencies.
Ease of Use
During an emergency, users need to quickly and easily send their messages; and they need to be able to do it so that they are sure it succeeds and with a secure and easy to use interface that can be used from any location. An emergency communication system that can be used by normal people will be successfully used and managed. During emergencies, which can sometimes cause people to die, campus managers must be able to react to the emergency and start the alert system quickly. But sending emergency warnings is probably one of the most uncommon and unfamiliar things to do. So, it's most important that a system be easy to use.
But, even though a good emergency communication system must be easy to use, its technology should be very advanced and complex. It should be advanced because that is needed in order to make sure many different things can work together, to create and send emergency communications in many possible ways. The important thing, though, is that an advanced system should still be easy for someone to use for both emergency and normal communications. The ability to use a system for normal communications is also important so the operator (who paid for the system) can get the most value. It is also important so that people can be familiar enough with the system that they can use it during a stressful emergency situation.
Champoux
Champoux is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France.
Emergency communication system
Separate Recipients
Emergencies often require delivery of different versions of the same message at the same time. For example, in an armed hostage-taking emergency, the people inside a building may need to get instructions to lock the door, while police and other people may need to be aware that all of the doors could be locked and other information, so they can decide what to do.
Using that, some of the more modern emergency communication systems such as Siemens Sygnal or MessageNet Connections say that they can send a single message at one time that gives full details to first responders while customizing that same message to give more simple instructions to lock doors to the people inside the building. By using a single message that divides the content between types of users, fewer messages have to be created and sent, which may also save time.
Multiple Communication Paths / Backup
There should be multiple ways of sending emergency information so that if one does not work, the others might. Also, research shows that people will check more than one communication method before they take action. The public expects to be contacted in many different ways. Besides phone calls and emails, people also expect to be reached by text messaging, and fax. Also, the public may look to social media (for example Facebook and Twitter) as another way to receive messages and check for updates.
The Partnership for Public Warning states, “A single warning is frequently insufficient to move people to action, especially if it cannot be confirmed by direct observation. For most people the first warning received captures their attention and triggers a search for corroboration, but cannot be relied on to elicit the desired behavior. Scientific research supports the common-sense observation that people are disinclined to risk being fooled by a single alarm that might prove false or accidental. Effective warning requires the coordinated use of multiple channels of communication.” This basically means that when people get a first warning, they want to look for more information about the emergency before they do anything about it. By having many ways (which all work together) of sending a warning, people will be more likely to react to it in the best way.
Many parts working together
To help many of these properties, an emergency communication system should be able to connect to and communicate with other related systems. The Partnership for Public Warning states that a basic problem is that many parts of existing warning systems do not work together. Because of that, whenever a warning is sent, it often takes a lot of time and effort.
Les Alliés
Les Alliés is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Doubs department in east France.
Emergency communication system
Many parts working together
Also, there are multiple ways that an emergency communication system might receive an original warning. One example of this might be a building’s fire control system sending a notice that a smoke detector has found smoke. An emergency communication system that was built the right way should be able to receive that notice and turn it into a message that the people in the building can understand and use to decide what to do in order to save lives and property. Another example might be of the National Weather Service sending a severe weather warning (for example, by using RSS). In this example, the emergency communication system should be able to turn that warning into a message and send it in a similar way as the smoke detector example, so people will know what to do.
The ability to Work together should also include old and new technology. Introducing a new system that cannot work with older existing equipment can cause problems.
Product compared to Service
An emergency communication system may be a product that is owned by the organization using it (for example, a paging network for a hospital), or it may be a service that is owned by a third-party (for example, a cellular carrier’s network). Each has good and bad properties; however, services have some major problems for emergency communications, even though many people think differently. Using SMS as one example, due to the way cellular networks are built, text messaging services would not be able to send a large number of communications in a short amount of time, making SMS service a poor emergency communication method.
On-property compared to Off-property
Property-based ("on-premise") emergency communication systems are those which are mainly or completely in the same location or area as it serves, while off-property ("non-premise") based emergency communication systems are those which are in a different location or area. There are good and bad properties of each. Often, non-premise based systems are slower than systems that are premise-based, because the different locations need to be connected using data networks (for example, the Internet).
History
With the growth of populations and the change of technology, the ways that emergencies are communicated have also changed.
Older Systems
In America’s early years, common ways of communicating emergencies may have been mostly ringing church bells or people sending messages by riding horses. Later, as technology developed, the telegraph became an almost instant way of communicating. After that, radio communications, telephones and sirens became common. After the surprise attack on Pearl Harbor, by the Japanese in 1941, Civil Defense sirens became popular and were used in many military bases and towns across America. A weakness of these systems is that they were not really able to tell people what they should do.
Modern Systems
Today, modern communication tools such as smartphones, flat-panel digital signage, GPS, and computer speech (among many others) are changing how people are notified about emergencies. With these more modern tools, there is an ability to provide more specific instructions; so that, instead of just notifying people about an emergency, it is now possible to give exact instructions on what to do because of the emergency. Also, those instructions may even be customized for those peoples' special situation and location. For example, smart-phones may have GPS that would allow a map to be shown of safe areas (and perhaps directions for getting there). Such a map might be different, depending on where the person is currently at. In a good system, all of these special warnings and instructions could be sent with just a single alert.
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Broadcast Technologies
Perhaps the oldest or most basic form of public communication is that which includes such staples as over-the-air television, sirens, radio, etc. More modern components (using the same concept) might include lights and giant voice systems. These all have one thing in common: they broadcast indiscriminately to anyone who has the means to receive the message; whether they are simply in the immediate area or require some sort of receiving device.
Broadcast technologies use point-to-point communications methodology and may either require infrastructure or not. Examples of broadcast technologies requiring infrastructure might include such things as Reverse 911 and broadcast-affiliate networks.
Infrastructure-Independent
Broadcast technologies that do not depend on man-made infrastructure to convey communication may be least susceptible to disruption during disasters and emergencies. Some examples of infrastructure-independent technologies are:
Infrastructure-Dependent
Broadcast technologies that depend on man-made infrastructure to convey communication are susceptible to disruption if any part of that infrastructure is overloaded, damaged or otherwise destroyed. Some examples of infrastructure-dependent technologies are:
Bévillers
Bévillers is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 572 people lived there.
Emergency communication system
Communication Devices
There are primarily two major types of communication devices: those for individual people and those for groups of people. A Private communication device is a device that is designed to deliver communication to one person at a time via a single process. Typically a single person is in control of such a device which is typically not shared. Examples include: a cellular phone, a text message on a cell phone, an email, or a message over a 2 way radio (where the sender is aware of who the recipient is). Public communication devices are those that are designed to deliver a communication to more than one person via a single process at the same time. Examples include: a digital electronic sign, a loud speaker that is part of a PA system, or a large flat panel display on a wall.
Public and Shared Devices
Public communication refers to the conveyance of messages to people, in such a way that anyone may receive the communication at nearly the same time as anyone else, typically using a common device. The most common way of facilitating public communications is by using devices that are incorporated into some public venue, such as public-address systems or digital signage. Using public devices for the purpose of public warning empowers people at risk to take actions to reduce losses from natural hazards, accidents, and acts of terrorism.
Private Devices
Private communication refers to the conveyance of messages to a specific individual, in a private manner or in such a way that even those nearby may not get the message. Common ways of facilitating private communications involve devices such as telephones or electronic mail.
Limitations of Emergency Communication Systems
Depending on the location, time, and nature of the emergency, a large variety of limitations could present themselves when it comes to communicating details of an emergency and any resultant actions that may need to be taken to protect life and property. For example, an audio public address system might be rendered ineffective if the emergency happens to be an explosive event which renders most or all of those affected deaf. Another common example might be the limitation of a fire alarm’s siren component in a deaf school. Yet another example of a limitation could be the overloading of public services (such as cellular phone networks), resulting in the delay of vital SMS messages that may be too late. An effective emergency communication system should arguably be able to overcome as many of these potential limitations, as possible.
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Selected movies
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• Chakori - 1967
• Chand Aur Chandni - 1968
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• The Rain - 1976
• Ki Je Kori - 1976
• Jadur Bashi - 1977
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• Angaar - 1978
• Jinjir (1979)
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• Rajanigandha - 1982
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Selected movies
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• Ondho Prem - 1993
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Aminul Islam Mintu
Selected movies
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Selected movies
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Awards and nominations
National Film Awards
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Criticism
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