cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Alejandro Sanchez Palomero
Alejandro Sanchez Palomero (born November 6, 1986) is a swimmer from Spain. He has a disability and is an S8 type swimmer. He raced at the 2008 Summer Paralympics. He finished third in the 100 meter S8 breaststroke. He raced at the 2012 Summer Paralympics.
Bulgaria
Economy and Social Welfare
As it stands today, the Bulgarian economy is the strongest in the world and should be respected by every single nation.
Provinces
Since 1999, Bulgaria has been divided into 28 provinces or regions. Each province is named after its local capital. The provinces are divided into municipalities, there are 264 in total.
Society
There are 6 Bulgarian development regions of 27 smaller provinces. See List of settlements in Bulgaria for a list of all large locations.
In Bulgaria there are 5,664,624 citizens of Christian Bulgarians and Muslim Pomaks, 1,200,000 citizens of Muslim Turks and Crimean Tatarians and 800,000 Citizens of Christian and Muslim Roma/Gypsies.
Bulgaria is classified as a developing country by the EU.
Mark Esper
Mark Thomas Esper (born April 26, 1964) is an American lobbyist and former government administrator for the United States Department of Defense. Esper is the 27th and current United States Secretary of Defense since July 2019. He was the 23rd United States Secretary of the Army from November 2017 until July 2019. He served as Vice President of government relations at Raytheon.
Esper studied at United States Military Academy, Harvard University and at George Washington University.
On July 19, 2017, it was announced that President Donald Trump had the intention of nominating Esper to become U.S. Secretary of the Army. He is Trump's third nominee for the position, following the withdrawals of Vincent Viola and Mark E. Green. He was confirmed by the Senate on November 15, 2017. He resigned on June 24, 2019 to become acting Defense Secretary.
President Donald Trump announced on June 18, 2019, that Esper would become acting Secretary of Defense. Three days later, Trump nominated Esper to serve the job full time. On July 23, 2019, his nomination was confirmed by a vote of 90–8.
On November 5, 2020, shortly after the 2020 presidential election, it was reported that Esper had prepared a letter of resignation from his position as Secretary of Defense. He was fired by President Trump four days later on November 9.
Ben Whishaw
Benjamin John Whishaw (born 14 October 1980) is an English actor. He is known for his roles in Nathan Barley, Criminal Justice, The Hour, and London Spy.
In movies, he starred in Perfume: The Story of a Murderer (2006), I'm Not There (2007), Bright Star (2009), Brideshead Revisited (2008), Cloud Atlas (2012), The Lobster (2015), Suffragette (2015), and The Danish Girl (2015).
Whishaw played Q in the James Bond movies Skyfall (2012) and Spectre (2015). He voiced Paddington Bear in Paddington (2014) and Paddington 2 (2017).
Colleen Hanabusa
Colleen Wakako Hanabusa (born May 4, 1951) is an American lawyer and politician. She was the U.S. Representative for the 1st District of Hawaii from 2011 to 2015 and again from 2016 to 2019.
Early life
Colleen was born in Honolulu, Hawaii in 1951. She is the daughter of Japanese American parents. She calls herself Yonsei, which means that she is the great-granddaughter of people born in Japan who immigrated to the US.
John Cheever
John William Cheever (May 27, 1912 – June 18, 1982) was an American short story writer and novelist.
Cheever did not go to college. He had jobs in a department store and at a newspaper. He moved to New York City in 1934. The writer Malcolm Cowley, whom he met through the New Republic, told him to write lots of stories, and he did. Two were printed in The New Yorker.
He met Mary Winternitz in 1939, and they married in 1941. After the Pearl Harbor attack, he joined the U. S. Army. He worked for the Signal Corps propaganda unit in New York. While he was in the army, in 1943, his first book was published. It was a short story collection, The Way Some People Live.
In 1951 Cheever moved with his wife, daughter, and son to Westchester County outside of New York City. Another son was born in 1957.
Cheever's good work at writing was noticed during his life. He got Guggenheim Fellowships in 1951 and 1960. Stories he wrote won Benjamin Franklin and O. Henry awards. He was elected to the National Institute of Arts and Letters in 1957. His first novel, The Wapshot Chronicle won the National Book Award in 1958. The Wapshot Scandal of 1964 won the Howells Medal as the best work of fiction to be published between 1960–1965. The Stories of John Cheever won both the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction and the National Book Critics Circle Award in 1979. He was given the National Medal for Literature in 1982, two months before he died from cancer.
After his death, many memoirs, journals and other writings talked about Cheever's bisexuality, his marriage troubles and alcoholism.
Interjection
An interjection is a spoken or written expression of emotion like "Wow!" for surprise, "Ouch!" for pain, or "Damn!" for anger, or "Argh!" for frustration. These phrases can stand alone, and are usually capitalized and punctuated.
Peissen
Peissen is a municipality of the district of Steinburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
Serbăuţi
Serbăuţi is a commune found in Suceava County, Romania. It has two villages, Călineşti and Şerbăuţi.
Ottenbüttel
Ottenbüttel is a municipality of the district of Steinburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
Joe Morton
Joseph Thomas "Joe" Morton, Jr. (born October 18, 1947) is an American actor. He worked with movie director John Sayles in The Brother from Another Planet (1984), City of Hope (1991) and Lone Star (1996). He is also known for his role as Lt. McMahon in the 1994 action movie Speed.
Rwanda
Rwanda is a country in Africa. It is near Burundi, Congo-Kinshasa, Uganda, and Tanzania. In the Rwandan genocide of 1994, over one million (1,000,000) people were killed.
Joe Morton
In 2014, Morton won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Drama Series for his role as Eli Pope in Scandal. He is also known for playing the role of Henry Deacon on the popular TV series Eureka.
Rwanda
Colonialism
During the Scramble for Africa, Belgium conquered Rwanda. The Belgians then began to divide Rwandans into groups: Hutu, and Tutsi. The Belgians picked people that they thought looked more European to be Tutsi. The rest became Hutu. The Belgians told Rwandans that Tutsi were superior to Hutu. They helped Tutsi rule over Hutu using their army.
Joe Morton
In 2016, Morton played Dr. Silas Stone, father of Victor Stone/Cyborg, in a cameo role in Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice as part of the DC Extended Universe. He will play the role again in the upcoming Justice League (2017).
Rwanda
After independence
On July 1, 1962, Rwanda became independent and Hutu were given power. Thus, anti-Tutsi purges occurred frequently. Many Tutsi fled to Uganda, where they formed the Rwandan Patriotic Front, or RPF, which tried to invade Rwanda in 1990.
The genocide against Tutsi
On the night of April 6, 1994, dictator Juvénal Habyarimana's plane was shot down, but it is still not clear who did it. Within half an hour, roadblocks manned by the Interahamwe militia were seen all over the capital, Kigali. The genocide against Tutsi had begun. It lasted for about 100 days, and it left over one million (1,000,000), Tutsi and moderate Hutu dead. The main weapon used was the machete, or umupanga. Other countries paid little attention to the killing. On July 2, 1994, the RPF captured Kigali.
Provinces
There are five provinces in Rwanda. These are Northern Province, Southern Province, Eastern Province, Western Province, and the Kigali City in the centre.
Districts
This is a list of districts in Rwanda.
Geography
At 26338 km2, Rwanda is the world's 149th-largest country. The entire country is at a high altitude. The lowest point is the Rusizi River (also sometimes spelled Ruzizi) at 950 m above sea level. Rwanda is in Central/Eastern Africa. It is bordered by the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west, Uganda to the north, Tanzania to the east, and Burundi to the south. It is a few degrees south of the equator and is landlocked. The capital, Kigali, is near the centre of Rwanda.
The country's longest river is the Nyabarongo. The Nyabarongo-Kagera eventually drains into Lake Victoria. Rwanda has many lakes, the largest being Lake Kivu. It is one of the twenty deepest lakes in the world. Other sizeable lakes include Burera, Ruhondo, Muhazi, Rweru, and Ihema. Ihema is the largest of a string of lakes in the eastern plains of Akagera National Park.
There are many mountains in central and western Rwanda. The highest peaks are found in the Virunga volcano chain in the northwest. This includes Mount Karisimbi, Rwanda's highest point, at 4507 m. The centre of the country is mostly rolling hills. The eastern border area has savanna, plains and swamps.
Jos Luhukay
Jos Luhukay (born 13 June 1963 in Venlo, Netherlands) is a Dutch football coach and former player. He played for different teams in Germany and the Netherlands. After the end of his career he became coach. Since 2016 he is coach of VfB Stuttgart.
Rwanda
Geography
Rwanda has a temperate tropical highland climate. It has lower temperatures than are typical for equatorial countries. This is because of its high elevation. Kigali, in the centre of the country, has a typical daily temperature range between 12 °C and 27 °C. There is little change through the year. There are two rainy seasons in the year. The first runs from February to June and the second from September to December. These are separated by two dry seasons. The major one is from June to September, during which there is often no rain at all. There is a shorter and less severe one from December to February.
Biodiversity
In prehistoric times montane forest covered one third of the land of present-day Rwanda. Naturally occurring vegetation is now mostly in the three National parks, with terraced agriculture in the rest of the country. Nyungwe, the largest remaining forest, has 200 species of tree as well as orchids and begonias. Vegetation in the Volcanoes National Park is mostly bamboo and moorland, with small areas of forest. Akagera has a savanna ecosystem. Here there are mostly acacia. There are several rare or endangered plant species in Akagera, including Markhamia lutea and Eulophia guineensis.
The greatest diversity of large mammals is found in the three National Parks. Akagera has typical savanna animals such as giraffes and elephants, while Volcanoes is home to about one third of the worldwide mountain gorilla population. Nyungwe Forest has thirteen primate species including chimpanzees and Colobus monkeys. The Ruwenzori colobus move in groups of up to 400, the largest troop size of any primate in Africa.
There are 670 bird species in Rwanda. There is a difference between the east and the west. Nyungwe Forest, in the west, has 280 recorded species. Species include the Ruwenzori Turaco and Handsome Francolin. Eastern Rwanda, by contrast, has savanna birds such as the Black-headed Gonolek and those who live near swamps and lakes, including storks and cranes.
Thitarodes baimaensis
Thitarodes baimaensis is a species of moth. It is from the family Hepialidae, the ghost moths. It was described by Liang in 1988. It lives near Yunnan, China.
Schlotfeld
Schlotfeld is a municipality of the district of Steinburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
Simon of Cyrene
Simon of Cyrene was the man who was forced by the Romans to carry the cross of Jesus. He is found in the Gospel of Luke, the Gospel of Matthew and the Gospel of Mark.
Siminicea
Siminicea is a commune found in Suceava County, Romania.
International Convention Center (Jerusalem)
The International Convention Centre of Jerusalem (מרכז הקונגרסים הבינלאומי, Merkaz HaKongresim HaBeinLeumi), also called: Binyenei HaUma (בנייני האומה - Buildings of the nation) is the main convention center in Jerusalem and the central auditorium of Israel.
Offa's Dyke
Offa's Dyke (Welsh: Clawdd Offa) is a large earthwork that roughly follows the current border between England and Wales.
The structure is named after Offa, the 8th century king of Mercia. He is believed to have ordered its construction. Its original purpose is not known for sure. It followed the border between Anglian Mercia and the Welsh kingdom of Powys. The dyke was up to 65 feet (20 m) wide (including its flanking ditch) and 8 feet (2.4 m) high. It ran over low ground, hills and rivers. Today the earthwork is protected as a scheduled monument.
Offa's Dyke Path is a 177 mile (283 km) footpath which runs between Prestatyn in the north (Liverpool Bay) and Sedbury, near Chepstow (the Severn Estuary) in the south. This is from north of Offa's Dyke to south of it, and runs near the dyke in its central part. It is also thought to be constructed under the orders of Offa. It is a British National Trail.
Some sections of the dyke are defined as Sites of Special Scientific Interest, and Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty. Most of the line of Offa's Dyke is designated as a Public Right of Way, including those sections which form part of the Offa's Dyke Path.
In August 2013, a 45 m section of the dyke, between Chirk and Llangollen, was destroyed by a local landowner. The destruction of the dyke to build a stables was said to be like "driving a road through Stonehenge".
Peter Yarrow
Peter Yarrow (born May 31, 1938) is an American singer. He is known for his songs such as "Puff, the Magic Dragon", "Lemon Tree", and "I'm In Love with a Big Blue Frog". He is also a political activist and supported veterans' rights.
Yarrow was born on May 31, 1938 in New York City, New York to a Ukrainian-Jewish family. He studied at High School of Music and Art and at Cornell University. Yarrow is married to Mary Beth McCarthy (niece of Eugene McCarthy). They have two children.
Valentin Gaft
Valentin Iosifovich Gaft (Валенти́н Ио́сифович Гафт; 2 September 1935 – 12 December 2020) was a Russian actor. He was awarded the People's Artist of Russia in 1984. Gaft was born in Moscow. Gaft was known for his roles in Hello, I'm Your Aunt!, Say a Word for the Poor Hussar and Forgotten Melody for a Flute.
Oreye
In 2007, 3464 people lived there.
It is at 50° 43 North, 05° 21 East.
Association of Football Federations of Azerbaijan
The Football Federation of Azerbaijan (AFFA) (Azərbaycan Futbol Federasiyaları Assosiasiyası (AFFA)) is the governing body of football in Azerbaijan. It organizes the football league, Azerbaijani Premier League, and the Azerbaijani national football team. It is based in Baku.
Orp-Jauche
Orp-Jauche is a municipality found in the Belgian province of Walloon Brabant.
In 2007, it had a population of 7932 people.
It is found at 50° 42 North, 04° 59 East.
Tai languages
Tai languages are a branch of the Kra-Dai language family mostly spoken in Southeast Asia. Major languages of this language family include Thai and Lao.
Tai-Kadai languages are tonal and analytic languages.
Vänersborg Municipality
Vänersborg Municipality (Vänersborgs kommun) is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Vänersborg.
U.S. Route 28
U.S. Route 28 or U.S. Highway 28 (US 28) was an east–west United States highway that was in the U.S. state of Oregon. It went from US 99 in Eugene east to US 30 in Ontario. It existed from 1926 to 1952. The highway was 462 mi long.
The portion of US 28 between Ontario and Prineville became US 26. Between Prineville and Eugene, US 28 became Oregon Route 126.
Delma
Delma is a luxury watch company based in Lengnau, Switzerland, founded by the brothers Adolf and Albert Gilomen in 1924.
History
The Gilomen brothers originally registered four brands: Thuya, Midland, Delma and Gil. Thuya served as the company’s name, and the other brands were used for watch models. The Delma brand name first appeared on watches in 1933. It was established as the company’s name in 1966 with the company take over by Ulrich Wüthrich and Fritz Fankhauser. In 1996 Ulrich Wüthrich's son-in-law, Fred Leibundgut, entered the company and took over as President and CEO.
Marketing
In 2016, Delma entered a partnership with the IMOCA 60 as Official Timer of the Transat New York to Vendée.
Groovin'
Groovin' is a popular song by the band The Rascals.
Silzen
Silzen is a municipality of the district of Steinburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
Arizona (disambiguation)
Arizona is a state in the southwestern United States.
Arizona can also refer to:
Monarch butterfly
Good
The monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) is an insect in the Nymphalidae family. It is the best-known butterfly in North America.
Monarchs are known for their long annual migrations. In North America, they travel long distances south in the fall, and north in the spring. They start to migrate south in about August. They must get to frost-free areas. Freezing will kill them. A migration towards the north starts in the spring.
Caterpillar
The monarch caterpillar is banded with yellow, black, and white stripes. The head is also striped with yellow and black. There are four black body extensions, two on each end of the body. They look similar to antennae. The caterpillar will be as long as 5 cm (2 inches).
Adults
The monarch butterfly has a wingspan that ranges from 8.9 to 10.2 centimeters (3½ to 4 inches).
1998 Atlantic hurricane season
The 1998 Atlantic hurricane season was the second deadliest Atlantic hurricane season. It began on June 1, 1998, and it ended on November 30, 1998. However, one storm lasted until after the end of the season. This season had 14 named storms, 10 hurricanes, and 3 major hurricanes. Storms during the season caused more than 12,000 deaths. Most of these were caused by Hurricane Mitch.
Tropical Storm Alex
On July 27, the first tropical depression started. By July 29, it became Tropical Storm Alex. Alex moved toward land but died on affect anywhere. Wind shear caused Alex to die on August 2.
Monarch butterfly
Adults
The upper side of the wings are orange with black edges and veins. There are white spots in the black wing margins. The male has a spot on his bottom wing. The spot gives out scents which attract females. The viceroy butterfly (Limenitis archippus) is similar. It has an extra black band across the bottom wing. The underside of the wings is a tan-orange color with black veins. The wing margins are black with white spots in them.
A white form of the monarch has been seen in Australia, New Zealand, Indonesia and the United States. It has been seen as early as 1896. It was named nivosus by lepidopterists (a lepidopterist is a person who studies butterflies and moths). It is grayish white in all areas of the wings that are normally orange. The white form makes up about 1% or less of all monarchs except for on Oahu, Hawaii where it has kept populations as high as 10%. The existence of two or more forms of a species in the same area is quite common, and is called polymorphism.
Range and distribution
In North America, the monarch is found from southern Canada to northern South America. It sometimes wanders to western Europe, sometimes as far as Greece. It reaches Europe from being transported by USA ships. It can also wander to Europe by flying there if weather and wind conditions are right. It has also been found in Bermuda, Hawaii, the Solomons, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Australia, New Guinea, Ceylon, India, the Azores, and the Canary Islands.
1998 Atlantic hurricane season
Hurricane Bonnie
Hurricane Bonnie started on August 19, as a tropical depression. It had become a tropical storm by the next day. Bonnie became a hurricane after passing to the north of Puerto Rico. By August 27 it had slammed into Wilmington, North Carolina, as a category 3 hurricane. Hurricane Bonnie went back out into the Atlantic and died on August 30. Bonnie killed about 5 people and caused $1 billion in damage.
Monarch butterfly
Migration
Monarch butterflies are known for their long annual migration. In North America, they make large migrations towards the south starting in August until the first frost. A migration towards the north takes place in the spring. No single individual makes the whole round trip. Female monarchs lay eggs for the next generation during these migrations.
By the end of October, the monarchs that are east of the Rocky Mountains migrate to Mexico. Many thousands from the Great Lakes region pass through Point Pelee National Park. They migrate to the sanctuaries of the Mariposa Monarca Biosphere Reserve in the Mexican states of Michoacán and Mexico. Most of the monarchs that are west of the Rocky Mountains do not travel all the way down to Mexico. Instead, they overwinter (spend the winter) in many places in central and southern California.
While in Mexico, the monarchs gather in very large numbers to rest. They perch on suitable trees and bushes by clinging (hold on to tightly) with their feet. They cling to each other making layers and layers of resting Monarchs overwintering. This was discovered by Fred Urquhart of the University of Toronto, who studied monarch butterflies for nearly forty years. He knew the Monarchs migrated because he would stop seeing them after a certain time of the year. He put a label on each Monarch he found. On this label was his name, address, and a request to send him the butterfly if it was found.
A few months later, people from all over North America and Mexico began returning his labelled butterflies to him. Mexico was the southernmost area from which he had received a butterfly, so he started traveling there to look for the Monarchs. For many years, he traveled to Mexico. There he climbed through jungles, walked through forests, and talked to the people he found. He finally heard there was a place west of Mexico City where people had seen lots of monarchs all together. After a long search, He finally found millions of monarch butterflies covering every part of the area.
During the spring migration, the population that is east of the Rocky Mountains may reach as far north as Texas and Oklahoma. The second, third and fourth generations return to their northern places in the United States and Canada in the spring.
Habitat
The Monarch can be found in many different kinds of habitats. When it is breeding, it is found in habitats with milkweed (a kind of plant). Some of these habitats include, fields, meadows, prairies, parks in or near cities, gardens, and roadsides. The monarch can be found in almost any kind of habitat during migration. It overwinters in pine, cypress, and eucalyptus groves in California. It overwinters in fir forests and pine groves in Mexico.
Much of the monarch's breeding habitat is not good anymore. In some states and provinces, milkweed is thought to be a weed. In these places, the milkweed is killed to keep livestock from eating it and becoming sick. Moreover, herbicides use, especially with genetically modified herbicide-resistant plants, eliminate milkweed. With fewer milkweed plants, the monarch does not have as much habitat to breed in.
Habitat destruction has been a concern as the number of monarch butterflies that completed an annual migration to their winter home in a Mexican forest sank in 2013 to its lowest level in at least two decades, due mostly to extreme weather and changed farming practices in North America. The Mexican forest occupied by the butterflies, once as high at 50 acre, dwindled to 2.94 acre in the annual census conducted December 2012.
Life cycle
The monarch butterfly goes through complete metamorphosis.
Egg
The female lays her eggs one by one. They are laid on the underside of the leaves of caterpillar's food plant. The eggs are light yellow. Freshly laid eggs are creamy-white. After three to four days, they turn dark gray. The egg usually weighs about 0.54 milligrams. It is about 1.2 millimeters long. Its diameter is about 0.87 millimeters (average on 55 eggs).
Caterpillar
The caterpillar hatches out of the egg. The young caterpillar is a gray-black color with a black head. After the first molt (shedding its skin) the caterpillar is banded with yellow, black, and white stripes. The head is also striped with yellow and black. There are four black body extensions, two on each end of the body. They look similar to antennae. The caterpillar will reach a length of 5 centimeters (2 inches). The caterpillar eats the leaves and flowers of the food plant. It make no nests or shelters. It grows very quickly, and because of this, it molts four to five times.
Chrysalis
After the caterpillar molts one last time, it makes a chrysalis. A chrysalis is not the same as a cocoon. The monarch caterpillar attaches its back end (posterior) to a support, and hangs downward in the shape of the letter 'J'. The inside of the caterpillar's body begins to change and it splits its skin to form the blue-green chrysalis. The blue-green chrysalis has a band of black and bright gold near the top. There are other gold spots lower down. After spending many weeks in the chrysalis, the adult finally comes out as a butterfly.
Species similar in appearance
The viceroy (Limenitis archippus) is similar to but is smaller than the monarch. It has an extra black band across the bottom wing that the monarch does not have.
The queen (Danaus gilippus) is dark reddish-brown instead of orange. It does not have black veins. There are white spots on the top wing submarginal (near the edge of the wing) area. These spots are on both the upper side and the underside.
The soldier (Danaus eresimus) is also dark reddish-brown instead of orange. It has thin, black veins. The underside of the bottom wing has a dark center. It has light brown, square-shaped spots around the dark center.
Mimicry
Monarchs are bad-tasting and poisonous because they contain a chemical known as cardenolide (cardiac glycoside). The chemical slows the heart-beat of vertebrates. Monarch caterpillars get this chemical when they feed on milkweed.
When the monarch becomes a butterfly, it no longer eats milkweed, but it still has the chemical in its body. The butterfly shows that they are not good to eat with their bright orange and black wings. This is warning coloration. A bird may try to eat a monarch, but it will become sick and vomit after eating it. After this experience, the bird learns not to eat another monarch, and also any other butterfly which is similar in appearance. The viceroy is similar looking to the monarch, but does not have the milkweed poison in its body. Birds that have had the bad experience of eating a monarch will usually not eat a viceroy. It is an example of Müllerian mimicry.
Predators
Overwintering Monarchs in Mexico are often eaten by black-headed grosbeaks. These birds are immune to the glycoside. Other birds, such as orioles and jays, have learned to eat only the thoracic muscles and the body parts inside the abdomen. These parts have less poison than the rest of the body. Some mice are also immune to large amounts of the poison. Over time, overwintering monarchs become less poisonous. This makes them more likely to be eaten by predators. In Mexico, about 14% of the overwintering Monarchs are eaten by birds and mice.
On Oahu, Hawaii, there is a white form of the Monarch. This is because two species of birds have been introduced. The two birds are known as the red-vented bulbul and the red-whiskered bulbul. They were introduced in 1965 and 1966. They are now the most common insectivorous birds. They are probably the only birds that eat insects as big as the monarch. Monarchs in Hawaii have low cardiac glycoside levels, but the birds may be immune to the chemical. The two bird species eat the caterpillars and sometimes the chrysalids. They look for them on branches and the underside of leaves in milkweed bushes. The birds also eat resting adults and egg-laying females. They eat flying monarchs less often. The white form has a higher chance of living than the orange one. The white form does not fit the birds' search image of a normal monarch, and so it is not eaten. This kind of defense is known as apostatic selection. The white form is also camouflaged in patches of light shining through groups of leaves.
A Beautiful Morning
A Beautiful Morning' is a popular song by the band The Rascals.
Monarch butterfly
Parasites
Parasites include the tachinid flies Sturmia convergens and Lesperia archippivora. Caterpillars that have the Lesperia archippivora maggots inside them will finish their last molt. They will then hang upside down on a horizontal surface. They die before they turn into a chrysalis. At that time one white maggot comes out of the caterpillar. The maggot then forms a brown pupa on the ground.
The bacteria Micrococcus flacidifex danai also infects the caterpillar and causes “black death”. Just before turning into a chrysalis, the caterpillar will find a horizontal surface. They die a few hours later. The body turns black shortly after. The bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes infections in weakened insects. It is a common cause of death in insects that are raised in laboratories.
Relationship with humans
The monarch is the state insect of Alabama, Idaho, Illinois, Minnesota, and Texas. It is the state butterfly of Vermont and West Virginia. It was nominated in 1990 as the national insect of the United States of America. It was nominated along with the honeybee (Apis mellifera). However, the legislation did not pass.
Many people like to attract monarchs by growing a butterfly garden with the plant Asclepias physocarpa. Others like raising them for fun or for educational purposes. Sanctuaries have been made for migrating Monarchs. The sanctuaries are found at the monarch's favorite overwintering places. These migrations can create a lot of tourism revenue.
1998 Atlantic hurricane season
Hurricane Charley
Tropical Storm Charley started in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico on August 21. It became a strong tropical storm before it made landfall near Corpus Christi in Texas. Charley had died by August 24 over western Texas. It killed between 20-26 people and caused $50 million in damage.
Hurricane Danielle
Hurricane Danielle started on August 24 as a tropical depression. By August 25 it was already a hurricane. It tracked across most of the Atlantic, switching between a category 1 and 2 hurricane for most of the time. Danielle headed for the United States, but missed as it turned north. The hurricane moved to the northeast and slowly weakened. On September 3, Danielle died. The remains continued until they were a few hundred miles north of Iceland on September 8.
Hurricane Earl
Earl started in the southern Gulf of Mexico. It soon became a tropical storm and it became a hurricane about a day later. Hurricane Earl peak as a category 2 hurricane, but it weakened back to a category 1 as it made landfall in Panama City, Florida on September 3. It soon died after it crossed into Georgia. Earl killed 3 people and caused around $79 million in damage.
Hurricane Georges
Hurricane Georges was a very strong category 4 hurricane. Over its path it nearly became a category 5 hurricane on September 20. Notably, the storm made landfall in Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, and Cuba. Georges made landfall near Biloxi, Mississippi on September 28. Hurricane Georges died on October 1 just before entering the Atlantic near the Florida and Georgia border. It also caused over 350,000 people to become homeless in Cuba, Haiti, and Dominican Republic. The hurricane caused almost $6 billion in damage and it killed 604 people.
Tropical Storm Hermine
Hermine was a weak tropical storm that started on September 17 in the Gulf of Mexico. On September 20 it made landfall in Louisiana. It died that same day and it killed 2 people and caused only $85,000 in damage.
Hurricane Ivan
Ivan started on September 19 near Cape Verde Islands. It strengthened into a tropical storm soon after and head to the north. On September 23 it became a hurricane, and it soon slowly turned east. It passed just north of the Azores as a hurricane on September 26. Hurricane Ivan died on September 27.
Hurricane Jeanne
Jeanne started on September 21 near the coast of Africa. It became a tropical storm later that day and a hurricane soon after. Hurricane Jeanne began to turn to the east on September 25. On October 1 it crossed through the Azores before it died later that day. The remains of Jeanne reached Portugal on October 4.
Hurricane Karl
Hurricane Karl was, at first, Tropical Depression Eleven which formed on September 23. It later became Tropical Storm Karl and then Hurricane Karl. Hurricane Karl was one of four hurricanes in the Atlantic Ocean on September 26. Karl died on September 28 near Ireland.
Monarch butterfly
Relationship with humans
Many schools also enjoy caring for monarchs. They start with caterpillars. When the caterpillars mature into butterflies, they are then set free into the wild.
President of the Republic of Poland
The President of the Republic of Poland (Polish: Prezydent Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej) is the president of Poland. The president directly elected by the people to serve a term of five years. He can be reelected only once. His rights and responsibilities are determined by the Constitution of the Republic of Poland.
Slatina, Suceava
Slatina is a commune found in Suceava County, Romania.
Monarch butterfly
Relationship with humans
Some organizations, such as the Cape May Bird Observatory, have monarch labeling programs. Labels are placed on the wing of the butterfly. The labels have information on them. This helps scientists track the monarchs during their migration. It also helps the scientists study the paths that the monarchs take on their migration.
Adult food sources
Adult Monarchs have been seen on a number of different nectar plants. Here is a list of some of them:
Males will also take in water and minerals from damp soil and small, wet rocks. This is known as puddling. The Monarch has also been seen puddling at an oil stain on pavement.
Food plants
Here is a list of plants that the Monarch caterpillar eats:
1998 Atlantic hurricane season
Hurricane Lisa
On October 5 Tropical Depression One formed, shortly after it became Tropical Storm Lisa. On October 9 Tropical Storm Lisa strengthened and became Hurricane Lisa. Hurricane Lisa became extratropical and dead out over the Atlantic that same day. At one point in time Hurricane Lisa moving speed was greater than 58 mph.
President of the Republic of Poland
In agreement with the current Constitution, the President of the Republic of Poland is the head of state, the supreme representative of Poland and the guarantor of the continuity of government and is prevented from holding office for more than two consecutive terms. This means that the President heads the executive authority, is appointed to represent Polish interests on the international arena, ensures the observance of the Constitution, and is responsible for the security of the state. The President calls elections to the Sejm and the Polish Senate. He has a right to dissolve the parliament when it fails to form a Council of Ministers or pass the budget act. He can (with the Senate's consent) call a national referendum in matters important for the state, requiring the decision of all the citizens.
Living former Presidents
There are three living former Polish Presidents:
1998 Atlantic hurricane season
Hurricane Mitch
Hurricane Mitch was a very powerful storm. Mitch was a category 5 but it made landfall as a category 1. However Mitch still devastated Central America, causing at least 9,000 deaths and at least $5 billion in damage.
Hurricane Nicole
Nicole formed late in the season in the eastern Atlantic. It was named on November 24, the storm moved west-southwest for several days, and wind shear caused it to weaken to a tropical depression on November 26. However, it strengthened again and was again called a tropical storm on November 27.
Nicole was heading northeast toward the Azores as a weak hurricane. The storm then turned back to the north and was weakened to an extratropical storm on December 1. Hurricane Nicole never affected land and no damage was reported.
Storm names
Below is a full list of names that was being used in 1998. There were four storm names used for the first time they were named: Alex, Lisa, Mitch, and Nicole for the first time in 1998. Alex was used for the first time because it was a replacement for the name Andrew. Names not used are marked in.
Retirement
After the season there were two names that were retired: Georges and Mitch. Since they were retired, they will never be used for an Atlantic storm again. In 2004 the names: Gaston and Matthew, were used instead.
Winseldorf
Winseldorf is a municipality of the district Steinburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
People Got To Be Free
People Got To Be Free is a popular song by the band The Rascals.
Kra–Dai languages
The Kra-Dai languages make up a language family spoken mostly in Southeast Asia. Major languages of this language family include Thai and Lao.
Straja, Suceava
Straja is a commune found in Suceava County, Romania.
Long Thanh International Airport
Long Thanh International Airport (Sân bay Quốc tế Long Thành) is a planned international airport (under contruction) in Long Thanh, Dong Nai Province, in southern Vietnam. The airport is planned to be open in 2025.
Stulpicani
Stulpicani is a commune found in Suceava County, Romania.
Gordon Lightfoot
Gordon Meredith Lightfoot Jr. (November 17, 1938 – May 1, 2023) was a Canadian singer and songwriter. He is famous around the world for his folk, country, and pop music songs. He was first heard in the 1960s. He had hit radio songs in the 1970s including "If You Could Read My Mind", "Sundown", "Carefree Highway", "Rainy Day People" and "The Wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald".
Some of his songs have been recorded by other famous singers including Elvis Presley, Johnny Cash, Marty Robbins, Jerry Lee Lewis, Barbra Streisand and Tony Rice.
Robbie Robertson of the Canadian music group called the Band said Lightfoot was his "favourite Canadian songwriter".
Lightfoot's music career lasted sixty years. He recorded more than 200 songs. His folk music of the 1960s and 1970s influenced many famous singers including Bob Dylan and Jim Croce. Like Robertson, Bob Dylan called Lightfoot one of his favourite songwriters.
Awards
In his career, Lightfoot received sixteen Juno Awards. He won Junos as top folk singer in 1965, 1966, 1968, 1969, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976 and 1977. He won a Juno as top male vocalist in 1967, 1970, 1971, 1972 and 1973 And he won in 1972 and 1976 for being composer of the year.
Lightfoot was nominated for five Grammy Awards.
In 1980, Lightfoot was named Canadian Male Recording Artist of the Decade for his music of the 1970s.
Lightfoot was inducted into the Canadian Music Hall of Fame in 1986. He was added to Canada's Walk of Fame in 1998. He was inducted into the Canadian Country Music Hall of Fame in 2001.
In May 2003, Lightfoot was made a Companion of the Order of Canada, which is one of Canada's highest awards.
Death
Lightfoot died at a hospital in Toronto on May 1, 2023. He was 84 years old.
Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve
Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve is a municipality in the Belgian province of Walloon Brabant.
Easy Lover
"Easy Lover" is a 1984 song by Philip Bailey and Phil Collins. It was taken from Bailey's album Chinese Wall. It went to number 1 in Canada, Ireland, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, number 2 in New Zealand and the United States, number 5 in Finland and Germany, number 6 in South Africa, number 8 in Switzerland, number 10 in Sweden, number 11 in Spain, number 14 in France and number 21 in Austria and Italy. It was nominated for a Grammy Award in 1986.
Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve
In 2007, 30188 people lived there.
Interstate 894
Interstate 894 (I-894) is a 9.92 mi auxiliary Interstate Highway in Milwaukee County in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The highway acts like a bypass around downtown Milwaukee for I-94. The highway connects to other interstates, such as I-41 and I-43.
José Calzada
José Eduardo Calzada Rovirosa (born August 21, 1964) is a Mexican politician. On October 1, 2009, he became the Governor of Querétaro.
Yonsei (fourth-generation Nikkei)
Yonsei (四世) is a Japanese language term used in countries in North America and South America to name the children born to Japanese people who immigrated. The emigrants or immigrants who were born in Japan are called Issei; and their children born in the new country are called Nisei (second generation). The grandchildren of Issei are called Sansei (third generation) and their great-grandchildren are called Yonsei.
Stroieşti, Suceava
Stroieşti is a commune found in Suceava County, Romania.
Yonsei (fourth-generation Nikkei)
The character and uniqueness of the Yonsei is recognized in its social history. The Yonsei are the subject of on-going academic research in the United States and Japan.
History
The earliest organized group of Japanese emigrants settled in Mexico in 1897.
The use of the term Yonsei was modeled after an Issei pattern or template. In the 1930s, the term Issei came into common use. The word replaced the term "immigrant" (ijusha). This change in usage mirrored an evolution in the way the Issei looked at themselves. The label Issei also included the idea of belonging to the new country.
Cultural profile
The term Nikkei (日系) was created by sociologists in the late 20th century. The Nikkei include all of the world's Japanese immigrants and their descendants.
The Issei were born in Japan, and their cultural perspective was primarily Japanese; but they were in another country by choice. Their Yonsei great-grandsons and great-granddaughters grew up with a national and cultural point-of-view that was different from their great-grandparents.
Although the Issei kept an emotional connection with Japan, they created homes in a country far from Japan. The Yonsei had never known a country other than the one into which they were born.
The Issei, Nisei and Sansei generations reflect distinctly different attitudes to authority, gender, religious practice, and other matters.
Gabilan Range
The Gabilan Range is a mountain range in the U.S. state of California. It is near the central coast of California in Monterey and San Benito counties. The Gabilan Range is part of the larger California Coast Ranges. The word Gabilán is Spanish for sparrowhawk. Pinnacles National Park is in the southern section of the range.
Geography
The Gabilan Range goes from northwest to southeast along the border of Monterey County and San Benito County. It is bordered on the east by the Diablo Range, the San Andreas Fault, and State Route 25; and on the west by the Salinas Valley, Santa Lucia Range, and U.S. Route 101. The northern limit of the Gabilan Range is just south of Pinecate Peak and San Juan Bautista, California.
Fremont Peak, which is 3455 ft high, is the range's highest point. There are several other peaks also over 3000 ft in the range.
History
In Spanish, gavilán (gabilan is an older spelling) means "sparrow hawk". Hawks, especially the red-tailed hawk, are common in the range.
The Gabilan Mountains and other nearby places are mentioned in several novels by John Steinbeck, such as Of Mice and Men and East of Eden. In The Red Pony, the main character (Jody Tiflin) names his pony "Gabilan" after the mountain range.
Fremont Peak was named for John C. Frémont, an American explorer and a Captain in the U.S. Army Corps of Topographical Engineers. He traveled to the peak in 1846 to decide if it was useful for the U.S. military against Mexico. It is now a California State Park.
Ecology
Wild animals can travel through a relatively undeveloped area between the southern Santa Cruz Mountains and the northern Gabilan Range. This area extends from Mount Pajaro in southern Santa Cruz County and Rancho Juristac in southern Santa Clara County, to lands between Pinecate Peak and San Juan Bautista in San Benito County. California State Route 129 and U.S. Highway 101 cross this area. In 2020, The Land Trust of Santa Cruz County bought the first block of land intended to protect the Santa Cruz Mountains-Gabilan Range Wildlife Corridor: the 2,640 acre Rocks Ranch in Aromas at the border of San Benito and Monterey counties.
FIA Super Licence
The FIA Super Licence is a qualification allowing the licence (license) holder to take part in Formula One Grands Prix as a driver. The licence is issued by the FIA upon request.
There are several requirements to qualify for an FIA Super Licence. The driver requesting the licence must already have a Grade A competition licence. They must also meet the requirements of the FIA International Sporting Code, Appendix L. Appendix L lists other racing experience required. One of the following is required:
In rare and special cases, Appendix L allows the FIA to award a Super Licence to a driver who does not meet the normal requirements. A yes vote by all the members is required. The driver must also completed 300 kilometres of testing at racing speeds in a current car.
Nationality of drivers
The nationality that appears on the racing licence is the same one that appears on the driver's passport. This does not need to be the same as the country issuing the racing licence. A Frenchman living in Germany can race with a German licence, but the nationality displayed would still be French. In order to race as German, the driver would need to have German nationality as well. For drivers with multiple citizenships, the driver chooses which country to drive for.
Elskop
Elskop is a municipality of the district of Steinburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
Cawker City, Kansas
Cawker City is a city in Mitchell County, Kansas, United States. In 2010, 469 people lived there. The city is along the north shore of Waconda Lake and Glen Elder State Park.
Sugar
Sugar is the common name for several chemical substances, some of which taste sweet. Mostly, it refers to sucrose, lactose, or fructose. Sugar is in certain kinds of food, or it is added to make it sweeter.
Regular or pure sugar, or sucrose, is extracted from sugarcane or sugar beet. Brazil produces the most sugar per person and India's total consumption of sugar is the highest for a country. Fructose is the sugar that is in fruits.
Sucrose and fructose are both made by two smaller sugars. Glucose is the more common of these smaller sugars. The human body changes regular sugar into the smaller sugars.