cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Hera Hilmar
Career
She starred in the Apple TV+ series SEE recently as Maghra, the wife of Baba Voss, a character played by Jason Momoa.
She signed on for two projects with the Icelandic Film Centre: a short film called The Wish and a film titled Svar við bréfi Helgu.
Cyclostome
The cyclostomes (or cyclostomi) are the lamprey and hagfish. They are the only two living jawless fish, the Agnatha.
Recent molecular data from rRNA, and from mtDNA, show that these living agnathans are monophyletic. There are about 100 species. Hagfish are vertebrates but do not have vertebrae. It is believed that they lost their vertebrae during their lifestyle adaptations.
American Express
The American Express Company, is a financial company which today is best known for its credit card business. Sometimes called Amex cards, these credit cards make up nearly a quarter of all credit card transactions in the USA.
Early years of the company
When the American Express Company was founded in 1850 it was an “express business”. This meant that it was a private company whose business was to carry money, packages or valuable things from one place to another. The US Postal Service had only recently begun. They delivered letters, but not large parcels. This is why some people started small “express businesses”. An express messenger would carry money in a money bag. He would travel by train or stagecoach. The trains were very slow and often came off the rails. The stagecoaches travelled on terrible roads which were much too bumpy for the horses to trot. It was a time when many people were going to California and other areas in the west of the US. There was a lot of demand for money to be transferred from one part of the country to another. This is why the American Express company was started.
Two very important people in the express business at the time were Henry Wells and William G. Fargo. They had formed a partnership in 1844. When the American Express was formed its headquarters were in a building in Manhattan, New York. Three other companies merged to form the new company. They soon bought several other buildings nearby to use as stables for their horses. For many years it was the most successful company transporting goods, securities, money etc. (these were called “express shipments”). In 1874 the American Express moved its headquarters to 65 Broadway in the financial district of Manhattan. It has been there ever since.
Move to financial services
Gradually American Express began to focus their attention on banks and other big financial groups because they found the American Express very reliable and paid them good money for their services. The American Express gradually changed to be a financial company. In the late 1890s they started to compete with the banks by issuing money orders. They had big offices in London, Paris, Antwerp, Zurich and Berlin.
By 1890 the company needed a new building, so they pulled down the old building and built a new ten-story building in its place. By 1903, the company had assets of about $28 million. In 1916-17 a new building was constructed. It was made of concrete and steel and was shaped like an H. This building was sold in 1975.
When their director J. C. Fargo travelled to Europe around 1890 he found it very difficult to get cash. He was very annoyed, because he was carrying with him letters of credit, and he felt that, as president of the American Express, it should have been no problem. Fargo went to Marcellus Flemming Berry and asked him to invent a better way getting cash. Berry invented the Traveler's Cheque. The traveler’s cheque was a very safe way of getting cash from a bank when travelling. The American Express Traveller’s Cheque, started in 1891, was to be used worldwide for nearly a century, when credit cards took over. Traveler's cheques made American Express a great international company.
Effects of World War I
In 1914, when World War I started, many people who happened to be travelling could not get at their money, but American Express offices in Europe were among the few companies to honor the letters of credit so that American tourists could get money to travel back home.
The war made American Express enter the travel business. In 1922 they provided a luxury steamship to take tourists round the world. The traveler’s cheque business made them hugely successful for many years.
Modern times: Charge card services
The idea of a charge card for travel was discussed as early as 1946 but it was not until 1958 that American Express introduced their first cards. The early ones were paper. In 1959 plastic cards were introduced.
In 1966, American Express introduced the Gold Card and in 1984 the Platinum Card. The Platinum Card had a $250 annual fee (today it is $550). It was only offered to trusted customers. Today customers can apply for it.
In 1987, American Express introduced a credit card, known as the Optima card. Customers did not have to pay in full every month. They could now wait to pay later.
"Boston Fee Party"
From early 1980s until the early 1990s, American Express offered merchants and restaurants a discount if they accepted only American Express and no other credit or charge cards. However, in 1991, several restaurants in Boston started accepting Visa and MasterCards, even encouraging their customers to use them. These cards had a much lower fee than American Express fees, which at the time charged 4% for each transaction. Some restaurants even stopped accepting American Express cards. This revolt was called the “Boston Fee Party” (a pun on the name “Boston Tea Party”). In the end American Express decided to reduce their charges.
Tim Brando
Tim Brando (born February 27, 1956 ) is an American sportscaster. He works for CBS Sports. He is the current preseason voice of the New Orleans Saints with Solomon Wilcots. Brando called basketball games for the LSU Tigers and LSU Lady Tigers.
Career
He is also one of the studio hosts for College Basketball on CBS and serves the same capacity for College Football on CBS/SEC on CBS with Spencer Tillman and Tony Barnhart. He also does play-by-play for College Basketball on CBS, College Basketball on FSN, College Basketball on Raycom (formally Jefferson-Pilot) and formally with Jefferson-Pilot.
On the professional basketball side, he provided play-by-play for the Atlanta Hawks, TNT, and Turner Sports. He currently hosts College Football Preview, Football Saturdays in the South, and The Tim Brando Show. He has provided play-by-play for College Football on CBS and NFL on CBS and serves the same capacity with the New Orleans Saints. Before working for CBS and Raycom, he was an anchor for SportsCenter as well as a studio host for college basketball and football on ESPN as well as providing some play-by-play for ESPN's coverage of college football. In addition to football and basketball, Brando also called Atlanta Braves games.
Jinnah (movie)
Jinnah is a biographical movie about the founder of Pakistan, Muhammad Ali Jinnah. It was directed by Jamil Dehlavi and written by Akbar S. Ahmed and Jamil Dehlavi. The movie was released in 1998 in London, the United Kingdom and Pakistan.
Keine Sorgen Arena
The Keine Sorgen Arena ("No Worries Arena") is a football stadium in Ried, Austria. It is the homeground of SV Ried. The stadium is named after a slogan used by one sponsor of SV Ried, an upper Austrian insurance company. Since 2018 it is called Josko-Arena. Josko is another sponsor of SV Ried.
Bonnie Bernstein
Bonnie Bernstein (born August 16, 1970) is a sportscaster. She is best known for her works at CBS Sports and ESPN.
Keine Sorgen Arena
The stadium replaced the former stadium of SV Ried which had only 1 100 places and was a multipurpose stadium with a running track. The new stadium is only used for football and has 7 700 seats of whom 120 are a VIP-area. The weststand and the awaystand offer only standingroom.
Babak Khorramdin
Babak Khorramdin (1974-2021) was an Iranian director and writer who was killed by his parents. His death became a hot topic on the social media and was covered in the news.
Vireo
The vireos are a group of passerine birds that are mostly in the part of the New World. Their feathers are dull-colored and greenish, the smaller species slightly resembling wood warblers. New evidence from DNA places vireos as relatives of crows. Vireos are mostly shy.
Domestic goat
The domestic goat (Capra hircus or Capra aegagrus hircus ) is a domesticated mammal It comes from the wild goat. A male goat is called a buck and a castrated goat is called a wether, a female is called a doe. Young goats are called kids
The goat has cloven hooves, a long beard on its chin, a short tail that turns up, and horns that grow up from the head in an arc. The hair is straight with a woolly coat under it during winter. Goats have rectangular irises. They are one of the few species to have these unique eyes.
The goat is about 70-120 cm (28-48 inches). They weigh from 45-54 kg (100-120 lb.) during adulthood.
The diet of the goat includes eating grass, leaves, shrubs, root vegetables, and other kinds of plants. Some ranchers use goats to clear brush and unwanted plants from their pastures Goats living in the desert, where plants are quite hard to find, have been seen climbing trees to get food
Goats are smart and active. They enjoy playing with other goats and climbing They are social animals that may live in groups or herds
Capra (genus)
Capra is a genus of the subfamily Caprinae and the family Bovidae. The domestic goat and other animals like it belong to this genus.
Time in Australia
Mainland Australia has three official time zones. The full names of the time zones are usually shortened by dropping the Australian. Most Australian external territories are in different time zones. Many parts of Australia have daylight saving time.
Payphone (song)
"Payphone" is a song performed by American pop rock band Maroon 5. It was released on April 17, 2012 under A&M/Octone Records in the United States. It was the lead single on the band's fourth studio album, Overexposed, set to be released on June 26, 2012. The song was written by producer Benny Blanco, bandmates Adam Levine, James Valentine, and featured vocalist Wiz Khalifa. The song was recorded in southern Hollywood, Los Angeles, California.
Time in Australia
History
The three official standard time zones were set up in February 1895.
Payphone (song)
Cover artwork
The cover artwork or the track was leaked to the web over a newsletter on April 11, 2012 and featured similar varieties of colorful aspects from the band's upcoming fourth album's cover, which leaked a day prior on E! News.
Time in Australia
History
Originally South Australia was nine hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) but in May 1899 they added another thirty minutes to that. Some people have disliked having this non-whole number of hours difference. In 1986 and 1994 they tried to take the thirty minutes away again or add another thirty minutes but they failed.
Payphone (song)
Chart success
The song debuted at number-three on the Billboard Hot 100 singles' chart and later peaked at number-two. It also topped the Billboard Digital Songs chart in late April.
Oxford, Iowa
Oxford is a city in Iowa in the United States.
1909 Cherry Mine disaster
Background
During the early 20th century, coal miners risked their lives every day. During the first decade of the 20th century, on average about six miners died every month in Northern Illinois coal mines. Between 1905 and 1930 in the U.S. it totaled about 2,000 deaths per year. The Cherry Mine was operated by the St. Paul Coal Company. It opened in 1905 and by 1909 was producing 300,000 tons of coal a year. The mine was a modern state of the art mine for its time. It had two vertical shafts, one of which blew blew air into the mine and was also used if miners needed to escape. The other shaft had elevators that lowered men and supplies, and brought out the coal. Most of the miners were from Europe and were new to America. Many lived in nearby towns such as Streator, Illinois or other towns on the Illinois River.
Time in Australia
History
When the Australian Capital Territory separated from New South Wales they kept using Eastern Standard Time. When the Northern Territory separated from South Australia they kept using Central Standard Time.
1909 Cherry Mine disaster
November 13th
There were three veins of coal, two of which were being worked that day. About 300 men worked the second vein while about 200 worked the third and deepest vein. In order to reach the third level, miners had to use the escape shaft and take a different elevator. On the morning of November 13, the electricity that lit the mine was not working. This was a common problem in the mine. When there was no electricity, miners used kerosene lamps to light the mine. A mine car full of hay to feed the mules that worked in the mine caught fire. The fire quickly spread and was out of control. Many of the miners burned to death while others died of suffocation from the toxic fumes.
Time in Australia
Changes
There have been some other changes.
1909 Cherry Mine disaster
November 13th
About forty-five minutes after the fire started, men were told to abandon the mine. About 10 to 12 cages full of men reached the surface through the elevator shaft. Others scrambled up the escape shaft. About 2:00 p.m. someone decided to reverse the fans that supplied air into the mine. This spread the fire and made matters much worse. Rescue workers went into the mine to try to save lives. But after a cage full of rescuers was lost at about 4:00 p.m., the company decided to seal off the mine.
Time in Australia
Outside territories
Australia's many outside territories follow their own time zones. None follow daylight saving time.
1909 Cherry Mine disaster
November 13th
The next day, rescue workers went back into the mine. They wore diving helmets with oxygen tanks, as no special equipment yet existed for mine rescues. They brought out the bodies of the dead workers. Then there was a surprising development. A small group of 21 miners had been quick thinking enough to build a barricade against the fire. They were found alive eight days later.
Cristatusaurus
Cristatusaurus was a carnivorous theropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of West Africa. Its fossils look very similar to the ones from Baryonyx and Suchomimus.
Oxford, Iowa
Oxford has a time zone of UTC-6:00
Jill Arrington
Tiffany "Jill" Arrington (born July 27, 1972 ) is an American sportscaster. She works for Fox Sports.
Arrington was the feature reporter on Fox NFL Sunday and co-hosted NFL Under the Helmet. For the Arena Football League, she was the studio host and field reporter for the TNN Network. Arrington also worked at CBS Sports. She was the sideline reporter and court reporter for Tennis on CBS and SEC on CBS and was a feature reporter on The NFL Today a pregame show for the NFL on CBS. Then she worked with Mike Tirico and Kirk "Herbie" Herbstreit for ESPN College Football as lead sideline reporter. Arrington has hosted programs for FOX Sports such as Totally NASCAR, Verizon NFL Mobile Updates, College Football Saturday Preview, and FoxSportsFlash. She was added to the NBA on TNT in 2012.
Arrington was born in Conyers, Georgia. She studied Journalism and Political Science at the University of Miami. In 2001, Arrington was voted the "Sexiest Sportscaster" by Playboy magazine. Arrington is the aunt of actresses Dakota and Elle Fanning.
Cristatusaurus
Discovery and naming
The first specimens were found in Niger in 1973 by a French paleontologist named Philippe Taquet. The name of the animal refers to the Latin word for crest, "crista", because it had a crest on its snout. The species "lapparenti" is named after another French paleontologist called Albert-Félix de Lapparent. The fossils discovered so far include two broken snout bones, some pieces from the upper and lower jaws, a claw, and four backbones (also called vertebrae). Scientists aren' t sure if Cristatusaurus is a new species, some of them say it could be the same dinosaur as Suchomimus or Baryonyx.
Payphone (song)
Music Video
A music video for the song has not been officially announced yet. However, featured rapper Wiz Khalifa said in a press conference that he would like the music video to be in a sutle setting where no people may be to relate to the lyrics of the song.
Dineshwar Sharma
Dineshwar Sharma (23 March 1954 – 4 December 2020) was an Indian politician. He was an Indian Police Service (IPS) officer. He was the chief of the Indian Intelligence Bureau, that is the Director of Intelligence Bureau which is the highest-ranked post in the Indian Police Service (IPS).
Prosopis tamarugo
Prosopis tamarugo, commonly known as tamarugo, is a species of flowering tree in the pea family, Fabaceae. It is found only in the dry northern regions of Chile.
Description
Prosopis tamarugo are trees that could grow up to 30 m tall but usually they are, on average, 15 m tall and the trunk is 50 - 80 cm wide. The young branches have spines. Flowers grow together in inflorescences and their pollination is made by bees.
Where it grows
The plant grows only in the Pampa del Tamarugal, some 70 km east of the city of Iquique.
The Pampa del Tamarugal is a plain between 19°33' S and 21°50' S, and an altitude from 300 to 1200 km.
Even if the Pampa del Tamarugal is very dry, the Prosopis tamarugo can use the relatively shallow ground water.
Dineshwar Sharma
He also was an interlocutor to the government of India for the state of Jammu and Kashmir. In November 2019, he became the 34th Administrator of Lakshadweep.
Prosopis tamarugo
Uses
Fruits are sweet and people can eat them.
Dineshwar Sharma
Sharma died of lung disease on 4 December 2020 at the age of 66.
Time in Australia
Daylight saving time
South Australia, New South Wales, the Australian Capital Territory, Victoria and Tasmania use daylight saving time every year. In these regions daylight saving time begins on the first Sunday in October at 2:00 am local standard time, and ends on the first Sunday in April at 3:00 am local daylight saving time. The starting and finishing times are sometimes changed when there are special events, such as the Olympic and Commonwealth Games, in Australia.
1909 Cherry Mine disaster
Aftermath
When a final count was made, 259 men and boys were killed in the mine fire. As a consequence, the USA reinforced many mining laws and regulations. The United Mine Workers Union gained hundreds of new members. In Illinois, the disaster led to the passage of the Illinois Workmen's Compensation Act. It also became a main reason for changes in the child labor laws in the United States. It was one of the mine disasters that caused the formation of the United States Bureau of Mines in 1910.
Fehraltorf
Fehraltorf is a municipality in the district of Pfäffikon in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.
Pacific Junction, Iowa
Pacific Junction is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Oyens, Iowa
Oyens is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Johann Gottlieb Fichte
Johann Gottlieb Fichte (May 19, 1762 – January 27, 1814), was a German philosopher. He was one of the first philosophers of the movement known as German idealism. He died of typhus in Berlin.
Woman
Women usually have less hair on their faces and bodies than men. After they finished puberty, and before menopause, women are usually able to get pregnant and give birth to babies.
Time in Australia
Daylight saving time
The Northern Territory, Queensland and Western Australia do not have daylight saving time. People living in the northern parts of Australia tend not to be in favour of daylight saving.
Woman
Biology
Women have sex organs including a vagina, uterus, and ovaries from birth. After they become adults, women also have breasts to make milk for babies.
Women's bodies are usually different than men's bodies in some other ways, including:
Women are usually shorter than men. In 1996, the average height of women around the world was 159 cm.
APEX flight academy
In 2018, the school signed an partnership deal with the French Civil Aviation University to conduct EASA certified trainings.
Woman
Getting pregnant
A woman who has sex with a man, at the right time, may get pregnant, if no contraception is used. Contraception will stop a pregnancy. When she gets pregnant, the ovum of her menstrual cycle will be fertilized, and attach itself to the wall of the uterus. In humans, a pregnancy usually takes about 38 weeks. After this time, a child is born. For childbirth, a woman usually gets help from specially-trained people, called midwives. During the pregnancy, the woman should regularly see a doctor. Very often, these doctors are specialized, and are called gynecologists or obstetricians.
After the child is born, the woman will breast-feed her child for some time.
Sometimes women who are very young get pregnant. These pregnancies are known as teenage pregnancies; very often, they are more difficult than normal ones.
Keeping a pregnancy from starting
If a woman had sex with a man, and no contraception was used, there's the risk of her getting pregnant. If she does not want to get pegnant, she has some time to take what is called emergency contraception. Emergency contraception protects against unwanted pregnancies, as it keeps the pregnancy from starting. It does not protect against sexually-transmitted diseases. Also, it will not work all the time. Very often, women who want to get emergency contaception also need to spend some time with a professional in a counselling session. Depending on the country, emergency contraception may not be available, or it may not be legal.
Stopping a pregnancy
Humans also have the possibility to stop a pregnancy, when it has started. Stopping a pregnancy is called abortion. When people do it on purpose, it is called induced abortion. Pregnancies that stop on their own are called spontaneous abortion, miscarriage or stillbirth. Depending on the country or region, a pregnancy can be stopped at any time, or there are limits, for how long it can be stopped. Pregnancies that have gone on longer are generally more difficult to stop.
Many countries have laws that say for what reasons, a pregnancy can be stopped. One of a common set of reason is that continuing the pregnancy would be dangerous to the woman. Another common reason is that the pregnancy was the result of a rape (the woman did not want to have sex with a person). Still another would be that the child would be born with certain birth defects. All of these reasons vary by country. In some countries, they also vary by area. Some countries are very liberal, others are more restrictive. Some countries or territories do not allow abortion at all.
During the pregnancy
During the pregnancy, the woman will change too. There are many things a woman should no longer do. Many drugs have a bad effect on the child growing inside her. The woman therefore needs to watch the drugs that she takes, and she needs to tell the people who give her the drugs (at the pharmacy) that she is pregnant. Note that drinking alcohol, or smoking cigarettes also has a bad effect on the unborn.
Giving birth
A woman giving birth will feel pain, much more pain than other animals (such as the Great Apes).This is mainly due to the fact that the head is big, and the pelvis is rather small.
In many countries, hospitals are specially equipped to handle births. Giving birth at a hospital has the benefit that the woman can get help faster, if anything goes wrong. For this reason, most births happen at a hospital.
In some cases, people can also give birth at home.
Anonymous birth
Some countrires allow a woman to give birth anoymously. That way, the woman does not have to give her name, or much other personal information. The baby will then be given up for adoption, so that another couple can raise the child.
Giving the child away
In many countries there are hospitals with baby hatches. A woman can put her child in such a hatch. The baby will be raised and cared for, and it will be given up for adoption. Many women who are unable to raise the child use baby hatches.
Rights
Women have historically had less control over their lives than men. They have often been forbidden to own land, vote, hold political office, or choose whom they marry and discouraged from voicing political opinions or attending school. Since the beginning of the 20th century women have gained many rights in most of the developed world.
Women have also historically faced a lot of sexual violence, harassment, and discrimination. The amount of sexual violence, harassment, and discrimination has decreased with the spread of women's rights, but many women still face these problems.
Gender roles
Women have historically been expected to bear and raise children, limit their public lives, and allow their male relatives to make decisions for them. These expectations have changed with the spread of women's rights.
Education
Before modern societies, education of women was limited. In developed countries, most women have access to education, and even perform better than men at many levels. In the United States in 2005 and 2006, women have earned 62% of associate degrees, 58% of bachelor's degrees, 60% of master's degrees, and 50% of doctorates.
Education, especially for women, has become more common in most countries in the 20th and 21st centuries than it was previously.
Women at work
In most countries, women work, like men. Their jobs are sometimes different, and sometimes their work is what society expects. In jobs, that have ot do wirth education, or with healthcare, there are generally more women than men. If women and men do the same job, women often earn less for their work. This is known as gender pay gap. Also, there are fewer women in leading roles of companies.
Women in politics
Some women have become successful politicians. In 2019, about a quarter of all politicians were female. Nordic countries were in the lead, with over 42%. The fewest female politicians can be found in Oceania, with just over 16%, Middle East and North Africa, with 19%, and Asiatic countries with just under 20%.
In most countries, women have the same rights to vote, and to get elected than men. This has not always been the case. The question, whether women should be able to vote is called women's suffrage. Only very few countries in the world do not allow women to vote or to get elected.
Science, literature, and art
Throughout history, women have made contributions to science, literature, and art. There were many female writers, but many published their work under a male name. In music, women have been composers, songwriters, performers, singers, conductors, scholars, teachers, critics and more.
In the 18th century, biologists began using the symbol for the goddess Venus (♀️) as indicating a female plant or animal. It is often used for women.
Femininity
Femininity (also called womanliness or girlishness) is a set of attributes, behaviors, and roles generally associated with women and girls. Feminity is a social construct, which is different in different societies. Some behaviors considered feminine are biologically influenced. People do not agree about the extent in which femininity is sociallly or biologically influenced. It is distinct from the definition of the biological female sex, as both men and women can have feminine traits.
Packwood, Iowa
Packwood is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Oxford Junction, Iowa
Oxford Junction is a city in Jones County, Iowa, United States. The population was 496 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Cedar Rapids Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Owasa, Iowa
Owasa is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Carlos Finlay
Carlos Juan Finlay (December 3, 1833 – August 20, 1915) was a Cuban physician and scientist who started the interest in yellow fever research.
Ottumwa, Iowa
Ottumwa is a city in Iowa in the United States. It is the county seat of Wapello County. The city is split into northern and southern halves by the Des Moines River.
Carlos Finlay
Early life and education
Finlay was born Juan Carlos Finlay y Barres, in Puerto Príncipe (now Camagüey), Cuba. His family is of French and Scottish heritage. In 1853 he went to Jefferson Medical college in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He graduated in 1855. He finished his studies in Havana and in Paris. Later he moved to Havana and started a medical practice.
Professional career
Dr. Finlay was a member of Havana's Royal Academy of Medical, Physical and Natural Sciences. He was fluent in French, German, Spanish, and English, and could read Latin. He was interested in a lot of things but his main interest was yellow fever. He wrote 40 articles on this disease. His theory was that an intermediary host was responsible for the spread of the disease. As a result of his work, Dr. Finlay was nominated seven times for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, but it was never awarded to him. He received the National Order of the Legion of Honour of France in 1908.
Irving Petlin
Irving Petlin (December 17, 1934 – September 1, 2018) was an American artist and painter. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. Petlin was known for his mastery of the pastel medium and collaborations with other artists. He was a member of the Chicago Imagists.
Petlin died of liver cancer in Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts on September 1, 2018 at the age of 83.
Carlos Finlay
Professional career
In 1990, the Walter Reed Commission confirmed what Carlos found. Reed was known to all as being the one that discovered the connection of yellow fever and the mosquito but he gave the credit to Finlay. He used Finlay's information to help with his research. Soon Finlay became the chief health officer of Cuba from 1902 to 1909.
Finlay died from heart failure caused by pneumonia in his home in Havana, Cuba.
Indigo
Indigo is a shade of blue, more specifically, purplish blue or dark blue.
Isaac Newton named and defined indigo as a spectrum color when he divided up the spectrum into the seven colors of the rainbow. The spectral range of indigo is between 450 and 420 nanometers.
The name of the color indigo originally came from the indigo plant. Indigo is a dye made from the indigo plant, used to dye cloth. Indigo dye also is used to dye denim cloth, which is used to make what are called blue jeans (they should really be called indigo jeans). This shade of indigo is called indigo dye.
These things are colored indigo:
Mayor of New York City
The Mayor of New York City, officially known as the Mayor of the City of New York, is head of the executive branch of New York City's government. The mayor's office administers all city services, public property, police and fire protection, most public agencies, and enforces all city and state laws within New York City.
Tomomi Kahala
Tomomi Kahala, sometimes spelled Kahara (華原 朋美 Kahara Tomomi born August 17, 1974 in Tokyo) is a Japanese female singer. Her nickname is "Tomochan", and special skill is Horse riding. Her most famous song is "I'm Proud", "I Believe".
Cradle of Humankind
The Cradle of Humankind is a World Heritage Site. It was first named by UNESCO in 1999. The site is about 50 kilometres northwest of Johannesburg, South Africa in the Gauteng province, and occupies 47000 ha.
The site's limestone caves, including the Sterkfontein Caves, were where fossils were found. A 2.3-million year-old fossil Australopithecus africanus (nicknamed 'Mrs. Ples') was found in 1947 by Robert Broom and John T. Robinson. The find followed the 1924 discovery of the juvenile Australopithecus africanus skull, 'Taung Child', by Raymond Dart, at Taung in the North West Province of South Africa, where excavations still continue.
The name Cradle of Humankind reflects the fact that the site has produced a large number, as well as some of the oldest, hominid fossils ever found, some dating back as far as 3.5 million years ago. Sterkfontein alone has produced more than a third of early hominid fossils ever found.
Recent work
The remains of several partial skeletons of a previously unknown Australopithecan species were found in 2008 near Johannesburg. They have been dated to about two million year ago (mya). A recent re-examination of two partial skeletons of Australopithecus sediba has led to its identification as close to the origin of the genus Homo. Not all palaeoanthropologists agree this is a new species.
A new analysis shows this species had a human-like pelvis, hands and teeth, and a chimpanzee-like foot. In six separate research reports, palaeontologists reported on the anatomy of a juvenile male skeleton, MH1, a female skeleton, known as MH2, and an isolated adult tibia or shinbone, known as MH4. The findings suggest that some species of australopithecine climbed trees, some walked on the ground, and some did both.
Colleagues in England investigated the teeth. Like other parts of the skeleton, the teeth are a mosaic of primitive and human-like features.
Wren
The wrens are passerine birds in the mainly New World family Troglodytidae. There are about 80 species in about 20 genera. The Wren is also the shortest bird in Britain.
Originally, the word 'wren' was (and still is) used for the species found in Europe, western Asia and North Africa. The word came into English after a long history in the Germanic languages. The bird's scientific name is Troglodytes troglodytes. When European biologists got to the Americas, they soon realised that the family of wrens has many species, and is mainly an American family of birds.
Most wrens are about 10 centimetres (4 inches) long, brown (both sexes), and has a short bill that curves slightly down. Its wings are round and it has a short tail.
Appeal to emotion
Appeal to emotion is a logical fallacy. It happens when the argument is designed to trigger an emotional response instead of giving reasons. An example of this would be "we have to donate to charity X; think of the children!", where instead of giving a reason why we should donate to charity, an emotive trigger is used instead- "think of the children". It is also called argumentum ad passiones or appeal to feeling.
Wren
Vocalizations
Its song is a gushing burst of sweet music, loud and emphatic. It has an enormous voice for its size, ten times louder, weight for weight, than a cockerel. Its song may sometimes be confused for the dunnock, which has warble that is shorter and weaker. The wren's song also has trill sounds, which the dunnock does not. The male has a long and complex song, with a series of tinkling trills one after the other for seconds on end.
Appeal to emotion
Aristotle recognized that if you triggered someone's emotions, they were easier to persuade. He said this in his book, Rhetoric.
Wren
Vocalizations
When this bird is annoyed or excited, its call runs into an emphatic churr, like clockwork running down.
Palmer, Iowa
Palmer is a city in the United States state of Iowa.
Eric Wiebes
Eric Derk Wiebes (born March 12, 1963 in Delft) is a Dutch politician. He is a member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD).
He was minister of Economic Affairs and Climate in the Third Rutte cabinet from October 26, 2017 until January 15, 2021.
He worked at Royal Dutch Shell, McKinsey & Company, OC&C Strategy Consultants, and at the Ministry of Economic Affairs.
He was an alderman of Amsterdam from 2010 to 2014, and deputy minister of Finance in the Second Rutte cabinet from 2014 to 2017.
Wonder (R.J. Palacio novel)
Overview
Wonder is a children's novel written by R.J. Palacio. Wonder was ranked #1 on The New York Times Best Seller list. It was also on the Texas Bluebonnet Award master list.
This novel is about a boy. This is not a normal boy because of the way he looks (Treacher Collins Syndrome). He has two or three face surgeries per year. He is normally home-schooled but this year is a little different, he is going to middle school.
The book is in the point of view of different people around Auggie's ( the diagnosed one) life.
Rúben Dias
Rúben dos Santos Gato Alves Dias (born 14 May 1997) is a Portuguese football player. He plays as a centre-back for Manchester City and the Portugal national team.
2023 MotoGP World Championship
Teams and riders
All teams use series-specified Michelin tyres.
Calendar
The following Grands Prix are provisionally scheduled to take place in 2023:
Photoflash capacitor
A photo flash capacitor is a capacitor used in the flashes of cameras.
A camera flash works by applying short bursts of high voltage to a type of gas in a glass tube. The electrical energy required is small, but it has to be given very fast because since the flash doesn't last long. An ordinary battery cannot give such a high voltage or give it so fast, so a photo flash capacitor is used. An electronic circuit increases the battery voltage, and charges a capacitor. When the button is pressed, the capacitor releases the stored energy in about a thousandth of a second and makes a bright flash.
Uncertainty principle
The Uncertainty principle is also called the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Werner Heisenberg stumbled on a secret of the universe: Nothing has a definite position, a definite trajectory, or a definite momentum. Trying to pin a thing down to one definite position will make its momentum less well pinned down, and vice-versa. In everyday life we can successfully measure the position of an automobile at a definite time and then measure its direction and speed (assuming it is coasting along at a steady rate) in the next few moments. That is because the uncertainties in position and velocity are so small that we could not detect them. We assume, quite correctly, that the trajectory of the automobile will not be noticeably changed when we drop a marker on the ground and click a stopwatch at the same time to note the car's position in time and space.
We may bring that experience to the world of atomic-sized phenomena and incorrectly assume that if we measure the position of something like an electron as it moves along its trajectory it will continue to move along that same trajectory, which we imagine we can then accurately detect in the next few moments. We need to learn that the electron did not have a definite position before we located it, and that it also did not have a definite momentum before we measured the trajectory. Moreover, we may justifiably assume that a photon produced by a laser aimed at a detection screen will hit very near to its target on that screen, and confirm this prediction by any number of experiments. Next we will discover that the more closely we try to measure some location of the electron on its way toward the detection screen, the more it and all others like it will be likely to miss that target. So the mere act of measuring the location of an electron makes the trajectory more indefinite, indeterminate, or uncertain. If the trajectory were made more clear and then we were to try to locate that electron along an extension of the trajectory we just staked out, then we would find that the more precise we made our knowledge of the trajectory, the less likely we would be to find the electron where ordinary expectations would lead us to believe it to be. If pitchers threw electrons instead of baseballs, and an overhead camera and side-facing camera were placed somewhere between the pitcher's mound and home plate so that the exact position of the electron could be determined in mid flight, then without the cameras being turned on, the pitcher would throw straight balls, and with the cameras turned on his pitches would start out straight but gyrate wildly after their pictures were taken. The more clearly we know where the ball was halfway toward home place, the more trouble the batter will have in getting ready to hit it with his bat.
Bruce George
Bruce Thomas George (1 June 1942 – 24 February 2020) was a British politician. He was a member of the Labour Party. He served as a Member of Parliament (MP) for Walsall South from 1974 to 2010.
Uncertainty principle
Unexpected consequences of the uncertainty feature of nature support our understanding of such things as nuclear fission, the control of which gave humans a new and very powerful source of energy, and quantum tunneling, which is an operating principle of the semiconductors that are so important to modern computer and other technologies.
Bruce George
George was born in Mountain Ash, Glamorgan, Wales. He married Lisa Toelle in 1992. On 24 February 2020, George died due to Alzheimer's disease in London. He was 77.
Uncertainty principle
In technical discussions one almost always talks about position and momentum. Momentum is the product of velocity and mass, and in physics the idea of velocity is the speed that something is going in a certain direction. So sometimes one can also talk about the velocity of the thing in question and ignore its mass, and sometimes it is easier to understand things if we talk about the trajectory or path that something follows. That idea also includes the ideas of speed and direction. In the following diagrams we will show the main features of uncertainty in concrete terms, in the world of real things. Later we will use a little math to be able to give a clear idea of how much wiggle room there is between position and momentum.
How did humans learn about uncertainty?
Very shortly after Werner Heisenberg created the new quantum physics something unexpected came right out of his mathematics, the expression:
Scientists had already learned why certain substances give off characteristic colors of light when they are heated or otherwise excited. Heisenberg was trying to explain why these colors each have a characteristic brightness. It would not have been good enough if he and the other scientists had just said, "Well, that's just the way it is." They were sure that there had to be a good reason for these differences, and for the fact that the ratios among the bright line strengths were always the same for each sample of an element.
Heisenberg started working on quantum physics by adapting the classical equations for electricity, which are very complicated to begin with, so the math behind his 1925 paper was very hard to follow.
He was trying to find the right way to calculate the intensity of bright lines in the hydrogen lamp spectrum. He had to find a related quantity called "amplitude" and multiply amplitude by amplitude (or in other words he had to square the amplitude) to get the intensity he wanted. He had to figure out how to express amplitude in a way that took account of the fact that hydrogen lamps do not radiate at all frequencies, and do not radiate across a continuous range of frequencies in the part of the spectrum that people can see. Heisenberg found a remarkable new way of calculating amplitude.
The strange equation that Heisenberg discovered and used to do the multiplication of one quantum quantity (e.g., position) by another (e.g., momentum) was published in what has been called "Heisenberg's 'magical' paper of July 1925." The math above looks very hard, but the math leading up to it is very much harder and is extremely hard to understand. It is given here just to show what it looked like. Heisenberg's paper is a historical landmark. Many of the physicists who read his paper said that they could not disagree with his conclusions, but that they could not follow his explanation of how he got to those conclusions. The beginning equations that Heisenberg used involved Fourier series, and involved many factors. We will come back to the equation above because it is a kind of recipe for writing out and multiplying matrices.
The new equations had to be so strange and unusual because Heisenberg was describing a strange world in which some things, such as the orbits of electrons, do not slowly get larger or smaller. The new kinds of changes involve jumps and large gaps between jumps. Electrons can only jump between certain orbits, and the energy gained or lost in changing between orbits is produced when a photon of the right energy is absorbed or a new photon of the right energy is produced. If electrons in hydrogen atoms most frequently jump down (fall) between two particular orbits, then more photons will be emitted at that energy level, and so the light produced at that level will be the most intense.
It was difficult to make equations built for continuous spectra (what you see when you put the sun's light through a prism) fit spectra that just have a few peak frequencies between which there is nothing. Almost everything that had already been learned about light and energy had been done with large things like burning candles or suns, and those large objects all produce continuous spectra. Even though these ordinary-sized things were easy to do experiments with, it had still taken a long time to figure out the law (physics)laws that govern them. Now physicists were dealing with things too small to see, things that did not produce continuous spectra, and were trying to find a way to at least get clues from what they already knew that would help them find the laws of these small and gapped-out light sources.
The original equations dealt with a kind of vibrating body that would produce a wave, a little like the way a reed in an organ would produce a sound wave of a characteristic frequency. So there was motion back and forward (like the vibrating of a reed) and there was an emitted wave that could be graphed as a sine wave. Much of what had earlier been figured out about physics on the atomic level had to do with electrons moving around nuclei. When a mass moves in an orbit, when it rotates around some kind of a hub, it has what is called "angular momentum." Angular momentum is the way that something like a merry-go-round will continue to rotate after people have stopped pushing it. The math used for phase calculations and angular momentum is complicated. On top of that, Heisenberg did not show all of his calculations in his 1925 paper, so even good mathematicians might have trouble filling out what he did not say.
Even though many physicists said they could not figure out the various math steps in Heisenberg's breakthrough paper, one recent article that tries to explain how Heisenberg got his result uses twenty math-filled pages. Even that article is not easy to understand. The math started with some really hard stuff and would eventually produce something relatively simple that is shown at the top of this article. Getting the simpler result was not easy, and we are not going to try to show the process of getting from an outdated picture of the universe to the new quantum physics. We need just enough detail to show that almost as soon as Heisenberg made his breakthrough a part of how the universe works that nobody had ever seen before came into view.