cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Regression toward the mean
Regression toward the mean simply means that, following an extreme random event, the next random event is likely to be less extreme. Regression toward the mean was first described by Francis Galton. He found that offspring of tall parents tended to be shorter. Also, offspring of shorter parents tended to be taller. Galton stated that processes that did not follow regression towards the mean would quickly go out of control.
History
In 1886, Galton published a paper called Regression towards mediocrity in hereditary stature. In the paper, he observed that extreme characteristics (e.g., height) in parents are not passed on completely to their offspring. Rather, the characteristics in the offspring regress towards a mediocre point. Today, this point is called the mean. By measuring the heights of hundreds of people, he was able to quantify regression to the mean, and estimate the size of the effect. Galton wrote that, “the average regression of the offspring is a constant fraction of their respective mid-parental deviations”. This means that the difference between a child and its parents for some characteristic is proportional to its parents' deviation from typical people in the population. If its parents are each two inches taller than the averages for men and women, on average, the child will be shorter than its parents by some factor times two inches. Today, this factor has been calculated to be one minus the regression coefficient. For height, Galton estimated this coefficient to be about two thirds: the height of an individual will measure around a midpoint that is two thirds of the parents’ deviation from the population average.
Observation
Galton used the term regression to describe an observable fact in the inheritance of multi-factorial quantitative genetic traits: namely that the offspring of parents who lie at the tails of the distribution will tend to lie closer to the centre, the mean, of the distribution. He quantified this trend, and in doing so invented linear regression analysis. This is the starting point for much of modern statistical modelling. Since then, the term "regression" has taken on different meanings, and it may be used by modern statisticians to describe phenomena of sampling bias which have little to do with Galton's original observations in the field of genetics.
Galton's explanation for the regression phenomenon he observed is now known to be incorrect. He stated: “A child inherits partly from his parents, partly from his ancestors. Speaking generally, the further his genealogy goes back, the more numerous and varied will his ancestry become, until they cease to differ from any equally numerous sample taken at haphazard from the race at large.” This is incorrect, since a child receives its genetic makeup exclusively from its parents. There is no generation-skipping in genetic material: any genetic material from earlier ancestors than the parents must have passed through the parents. The phenomenon is better understood if we assume that the inherited trait (e.g., height) is controlled by a large number of recessive genes. Exceptionally tall individuals must be homozygous for increased height mutations on a large proportion of these loci. But the loci which carry these mutations are not necessarily shared between two tall individuals, and if these individuals mate, their offspring will be on average homozygous for "tall" mutations on fewer loci than either of their parents. In addition, height is not entirely genetically determined, but also subject to environmental influences during development, which make offspring of exceptional parents even more likely to be closer to the average than their parents.
In sharp contrast to this population genetic phenomenon of regression to the mean, which is best thought of as a combination of a binomially distributed process of inheritance (plus normally distributed environmental influences), the term "regression to the mean" is now often used to describe completely different phenomena in which an initial sampling bias may disappear as new, repeated, or larger samples display sample means that are closer to the true underlying population mean.
The Long Voyage Home
The Long Voyage Home is a 1940 American drama movie directed by John Ford was based on the four plays by Eugene O'Neill. It stars John Wayne, Thomas Mitchell, Ian Hunter, Barry Fitzgerald, Wilfrid Lawson, Ward Bond, John Qualen, Arthur Shields and was distributed by United Artists. It was nominated for 6 Academy Awards in 1941.
Guangzhou
Guangzhou ( or ; ) is the capital of Guangdong Province of southern China. Historically, it was known to Westerners as Canton, which is a misnomer, or a mistake in naming, since the name is an older English pronunciation for the entire region that the city is in, Guangdong. It is also called the City of Flowers. It is in the south of China and is one of the five biggest cities in China. In mainland China, Guangzhou is regarded as one of the three most popular cities with Beijing and Shanghai, which is called Bei-Shang-Guang for short. It is where the 16th Asian Games were held and it is famous for its food all over the world.
Geography
Guangzhou is the core city of South China. It is on the north of Zhu Jiang Delta (Pearl River Delta), where the Dong Jiang River (East River), Xi Jiang River (West River) and Bei Jiang River (North River) join together. On its South is the South China Sea. With its geographical advantages, Guangzhou has been a very important port in South China for hundreds of years. Today, it is the biggest and most important port for air, sea, and trains in China. The area of Guangzhou is about 7434.4 km2. The north part and middle part of Guangzhou are hills. The west part and south part are plains that have a lot of rivers and streams. Guangzhou is in the subtropics monsoon climate region. It has a lot of sunshine and rain. The average temperature is from 21.4 to 21.9 °C (about 71 °F) and the lowest temperature in winter is about 10 C. The rainy season lasts for almost six months and the typhoons in summer also bring lots of rain. The average humidity is about 77 percent.
Guangzhou has Baiyun Airport, which is one of the three most important parts of air transportation in the country. The passenger throughput ranks third in China and 19th in the world. It is also a very important harbor in China, second to Shenzhen in South China and the fourth one in the country. With the Jing-Guang Railway, Jing-Jiu Railway, Guang-Shen Railway and other railways, Guangzhou has become one of the four biggest railway passenger stations in China. A high speed railway has been built here.
Economy
Guangzhou has been the city famous for business for hundreds of years. It has been open to the world for nearly 2000 years. After the Reform and Opening Up in 1979, Guangzhou has gained great economic achievement. For example, Guangzhou's GDP (Gross Domestic Product) has grown about 14% per year. It ranks as the third economic city in China (not including Hong Kong, Taiwan and Macao). In addition, Guangzhou has become a city with a sound industrial foundation and developed tertiary-industry. In September of 1993, Guangzhou was accepted as a member of the World Association of Metropolises.
The most important elements of Guangzhou’s economy are light manufacturing sector and foreign trade. They are the main reasons for Guangzhou’s economic achievement and its attraction to appeal people from all over the world to begin their own business in this city. Every year, the China Import and Export Commodities Fair (Guangzhou Fair) is held here. It has the biggest conference and exhibition center, Guangzhou International Convention and Exhibition Center, in Asia. After 2000, Guangzhou began to change its industrial structure and increase its investment in the heavy manufacturing sector. Nowadays, the automobile industry, petrochemical industry, and the IT industry have been the three mainstay industries in Guangzhou.
Culture and Education
Guangzhou is a typical city for Lingnan Culture. The main characters of Lingnan Culture are open-mindedness, practical spirit and civilian consciousness. People here don’t adhere to traditional rules. They combine culture from different parts in the world with the local culture and are creating new culture to adjust to the modern world. This is very different from the Center Plains Culture in the north part of China. Guangzhou has its own opera, Guangdong Opera, and its own language, Cantonese. In Guangzhou Metro, you can hear the announcement for station not only in Chinese and English, but also in Cantonese. Besides, sotto portico is the typical construction for Lingnan Culture. A flowers market held every Spring Festival is famous around South China.
The education in Guangzhou began in the Western Han Dynasty. Now, Guangzhou is one of the cities with the most colleges and universities in the South China. It is one of the cities which has the most education resource in the country. The best comprehensive university here is Sun Yat-sen University. It is a university built in memory of Sun Yat-sen, who led the Xinhai Revolution and is regarded as the father of China.
Pennsylvanian
The coal measures, which give the Carboniferous its name, are the remains of peat formed by dense tropical wetland forests. They were formed in the Pennsylvanian, from about 315–300 million years years ago.
These forests were on the equator, and the wetlands, which are always low-lying, stretched from North America in the west, through what is now Europe to China in the east, because these continents were all together at the time (Laurussia). The river plain which was the heart of the wetland stretched 5000km from eastern Canada to Ukraine, and was 700km wide. p6 This would make the Pennsylvanian basin larger than any wetlands on Earth today.
Change of climate
The rainforest system collapsed about halfway through the Pennsylvanian, and was replaced by a cooler, drier climate. The wetland forests ended when the land level was raised by the pressure of the Gondwana continent against Laurussia, causing the zone of contact to be raised. The end of the Coal Measures marks the end of the Carboniferous period. China was too far away to be affected, and there the wetland forests continued for another 50 million years, into the early Permian. p30
As the climate became drier, egg-laying amniotes (Synapsids and Sauropsids) became more common than amphibia. These are the lines that would lead to reptiles and mammals. These egg-laying land vertebrates probably split from the early amniotes in the Mississippian.
Human migration
Human migration is people moving from one place to another to stay there. It often happens in large numbers. Migration can be within countries or between countries. Humans are known to have migrated extensively throughout history and prehistory.
Sometimes, the movement is voluntary, but sometimes, people are forced to move. They may suffer warfare, religious and political persecution, famine, and other natural disasters. When people are forced to move, they are refugees. Many refugees are illegal immigrants and more than half are children and women. They may live in extreme poverty, lacking food, shelter, clothing, education and medical care.
Urbanisation(rural to urban migration)
Rural-urban migration, or urbanisation, is the movement from country areas to towns and cities. There are many reasons for people leaving the countryside. Often, they are overpopulation, high birth rates, and starvation. Mechanization has caused a reduction in jobs available in the countryside.
Farming is hard work, with long hours and little pay. Many are subsistence farmers. In developing countries, a lack of money means a lack of machinery. Natural disasters, such as droughts, hurricanes, floods and volcanic eruptions, destroy villages and crops. There is a lack of services like schools and hospitals in the countryside.
People move because they are looking for better-paid jobs and a higher quality of life. They have a better chance of services such as schools, medical treatment and entertainment. People are also attracted often by the advantages of a cosmopolitan lifestyle such as shops, restaurants, theatres, and nightlife.
Many arrive with little money and so cannot buy or rent a house, even if one is available. They must usually make a temporary shelter with cheap or use materials. Some give up and go home. Many children of migrant worker struggle for education.
In the new country, they often are not integrated and are treated like an underclass. However, they are needed even if the local population does not like immigrants because they compete for the same jobs. More people means more traffic and more crime. Immigrants help to build up cities, provide cheap labour, invest money, buy products and services, pay tax, and help companies compete.
Ancient times
The Proto-Indo-Europeans migrated many times between 4000 and 1000 BC, according to the Kurgan hypothesis.
Modern times
The movement of populations in modern times has continued under the form of both voluntary migration within one's region, country, or beyond, and involuntary migration, which includes slave trade, human trafficking, and ethnic cleansing. The people who migrate are called migrants or, more specifically, emigrants, immigrants or settlers, depending on the historical setting, circumstance, and perspective.
Many people have died while migrating.
Aaliyah Alleyne
Aaliyah Alicia Alleyne is a cricketer from Barbados. She was born on November 11, 1994. Aaliyah plays as a right-arm medium bowler.
Killingworth, Connecticut
Killingworth is a town in Middlesex County, Connecticut, United States.
Australian Aboriginal Flag
The Australian Aboriginal Flag represents Aboriginal Australians. The flag was designed in 1971 by Harold Thomas, an Aboriginal artist who is descended from the Luritja people of Central Australia.
Jean Schmidt
Jeannette Marie Schmidt (born November 29, 1951) is a former U.S. Representative for OH's 2nd congressional district, serving from 2005 to 2013. She is a member of the Republican Party.
On March 6, 2012, Schmidt was defeated for re-election in the GOP primary by Brad Wenstrup.
Other websites
Links formerly displayed via the CongLinks template:
Premier of the Soviet Union
The Premier of the Soviet Union was the head of government. Most western countries use the term "Prime Minister". In the former Soviet Union the job had many names:
Scam 1992
Scam 1992: The Harshad Mehta Story is an Indian Hindi-language drama web-series directed by Hansal Mehta. It is based on the 1992 Indian stock market scam that was committed by stockbroker Harshad Mehta. The series is based on the book The Scam: Who Won, who Lost, who Got Away which was written by journalist Sucheta Dalal and Debashish Basu. It stars Pratik Gandhi, Sharib Hashmi, Shreya Dhanwanthary, Hemant Kher and Nikhil Dwivedi. The series premiered on SonyLIV on 9 October 2020. The series is currently the highest rated Hindi-language Indian web series on IMDb with a rating of 9.6 out of 10.
A Stolen Life (movie)
A Stolen Life is a 1946 American drama movie directed by Curtis Bernhardt and was the remake of the 1939 movie Stolen Life. It stars Bette Davis, Glenn Ford, Dane Clark, Walter Brennan, Peggy Knudsen, Charlie Ruggles, Bruce Bennett, Esther Dale and was distributed by Warner Bros.. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1947.
Portland, Connecticut
Portland is a town in Middlesex County, Connecticut, United States.
Arrondissement of Céret
The arrondissement of Céret is an arrondissement of France; it is the southermost arrondissement of Metropolitan France. It is part of the Pyrénées-Orientales département. Its capital is the city of Céret.
The arrondissement of Céret is in the southeast of the department; it is the southernmost arrondissement of France.
History
When the Pyrénées-Orientales department was created on 17 February 1800, the arrondissement of Céret was part of that original department.
Geography
The arrondissement of Céret is the smallest of the arrondissements of the department, with an area of 953.5 km2, but it is the second in population, after the Perpignan arrondissement, with 73,192 inhabitants and a density of inhabitants/km².
The arrondissement is bordered to the north by the Perpignan arrondissement, to the east by the Mediterranean Sea, to the south by Spain, to the west and northwest by the Prades arrondissement.
Cantons
After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the arrondissements so they could have communes that belong to different arrondissements.
In the arrondissement of Céret, there are 2 cantons whose communes are in the arrondissement: La Côte Vermeille and Vallespir-Albères. The following table shows the distribution of the "communes" in the cantons and arrondissements:
Communes
The arrondissement of Céret has 40 communes; they are (with their INSEE codes):
The communes with more inhabitants in the arrondissement are:
Trans Media Watch
Trans Media Watch (TMW) is a British charity founded in 2009 to improve media coverage of transgender and intersex issues. By improving media coverage, TMW strives to "foster social acceptance and civil recognition for trans persons", and to prevent the "material consequences" of misrepresentation.
Dexter's Laboratory: Ego Trip
Dexter's Laboratory: Ego Trip is an animated television special. It is based on the Cartoon Network animated television series Dexter's Laboratory. It was produced by Hanna-Barbera Cartoons and originally aired on December 10, 1999. The special follows Dexter, the series' protagonist. He travels forward through time and meets futuristic versions of himself and his rival Mandark.
Clonus
Clonus is the name for involuntary rhythmic contractions of muscles or muscle groups. The term is from the Greek for "violent, confused motion". Cloni can happen as a sign of certain neurological conditions, such as epilepsy, stroke, and multiple sclerosis. They can also be a sign that the spinal cord was damaged. Cloni can also occur as a reaction to certain drugs.
Promised Land (movie)
Promised Land is a 2012 drama movie. It was directed by Gus Van Sant. It stars Matt Damon, John Krasinski, Frances McDormand, Hal Holbrook and Rosemarie DeWitt. The screenplay is written by Damon and Krasinski based on a story by Dave Eggers. The movie is about two corporate salespeople. They visit a rural town trying to buy drilling rights from local residents. This movie had a limited release in the United States on December 28, 2012. It was released nationwide on January 4, 2013.
Languages of South Africa
[[File:South Africa dominant language map.svg|thumb|right|Dominant languages in South Africa. This map shows which languages are most spoken in the different parts of South Africa.
]] South Africa has eleven official languages. They are Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sesotho, Swazi, Setswana, Tsonga, Venda, Xhosa and Zulu. Most South Africans (over 99%) speak one of these languages as a first language. Most South Africans can speak more than one language. Prior to 1994, South Africa had only two official languages, English and Afrikaans.
All the official languages are equally spoken and recognized everywhere in South Africa even though they are dominant in their respective provinces. Sesotho(Southern Sotho) is dominant in the Free State Province, Setswana(Northern Cape and North West Province), Sepedi(Northern Sotho), Tshivenda and Xitsonga in Limpopo Province, isiZulu in KwaZulu Natal province, isiXhosa in Eastern/Western Cape Province. English and Afrikaans is common in all the provinces as English is a medium of instruction. Due to people migrating to different provinces in pursuit for work, there is always a chance you'll find multiple languages spoken in certain regions however a dominant language with respect to that province will prevail.
The English version of the South African constitution calls each of these languages by its name in that language. Sotho is called Sesotho, Tswana is called Setswana, Pedi is called Sepedi, Zulu is called isiZulu, Xhosa language is called isiXhosa, and so on. The languages listed in the constitution are: Sesotho(Southern Sotho), Setswana(Tswana), Sepedi(Northern Sotho), isiZulu (Zulu), isiXhosa (Xhosa), Afrikaans (Afrikaans), English (English), Xitsonga (Tsonga), Siswati (Swati), Tshivenda (Venda), and isiNdebele (Southern Ndebele).
In South Africa, Southern Ndebele is known simply as Ndebele, since most speakers of Northern Ndebele live in Zimbabwe. The 1993 version of the Constitution referred to Northern Sotho as Sesotho sa Leboa, but the 1996 version called it Sepedi. Different government departments and official organizations use different names for Northern Sotho.
The main language of government is English. Afrikaans and English are both important languages used in commerce. Most rich South Africans speak Afrikaans and English.
Two of the official languages are West Germanic languages (English and Afrikaans). The other nine languages are Bantu languages. Four of the Bantu languages are part of the Nguni family (Zulu, Xhosa, Swati, Ndebele). Three of the Bantu languages are Sotho-Tswana languages (Northern Sotho, Southern Sotho, Setswana). Tsonga is a Tswa-Ronga language. South Africa also has a national sign languae, South African Sign Language.
Stranded (Heart song)
"Stranded" is a 1990 song by American hard rock band Heart and is the third single from their 10th studio album Brigade. It went to number 2 in Canada, number 13 in the United States and number 60 in the United Kingdom.
Track listings
7-inch, cassette, and mini-CD single
US CD single
UK 12-inch and CD single
Alexander Kerensky
Alexander Kerensky (4 May 1881 – 11 June 1970) was a major political leader before and during the Russian Revolution. Kerensky served as the Second Prime Minister of the Russian Provisional Government until it was overthrown by the Bolsheviks under Vladimir Lenin in the October Revolution. He spent the rest of his life in exile. He died in New York City in 1970 at the age of 89.
Giulio Questi
Questi died in Rome, Italy, aged 90.
Westbrook, Connecticut
Westbrook is a town in Middlesex County, Connecticut, United States.
Tarcisius Gervazio Ziyaye
Ziyaye died on 14 December 2020 at the age of 71.
PingAn
Ping An ranked 7th on the Forbes Global 2000 list and 21st on the Fortune Global 500 list.
Profile
The company is considered to be China's biggest insurer, with US$110 billion in net premiums written in 2019. Its market capitalization is at US$217 billion in March 2021, making it the largest insurer in Asia-Pacific.
Ayo Oritsejafor
Early life
Ayo Oritsejafor was born on November 10 into the family of Mr. Joseph Monday Oritsejafor and Mrs. Roli Durojaiye Oritsejafor in Lagos, Nigeria.
PingAn
Profile
Ping An Insurance is one of the top 50 companies in the Shanghai Stock Exchange. It is also a constituent stock of Hang Seng Index, an index of the top 50 companies in the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. Ping An Insurance was also included in the pan-China stock indices CSI 300 Index, FTSE China A50 Index and Hang Seng China 50 Index.
Ayo Oritsejafor
Early life
In 1972, Oritsejafor became "born again" in an evangelical crusade held in Sapele, Nigeria. Oritsejafor enrolled at the All Nations For Christ Bible Institute, Benin City, Nigeria.
Oritsejafor further enrolled with the Nigerian Baptist Seminary, Ogbomosho in Oyo State, Nigeria and later went in 1979 to the United States for further studies at Morris Cerullo's School of Ministry (El Cortez), San Diego, California.
PingAn
Profile
Ping An Insurance consistently ranks as the world's top global insurance brand, and as of 2020, was the most valuable global financial brand in the world.
Ayo Oritsejafor
Early life
According to him, he had a vision of himself wearing a suit and was preaching to thousands of people and he heard a voice that said to him, "This is what you are going to be doing the rest of your life" and the voice said, "Take my word to the world". This is the inaugural vision that led to the founding of the Word of Life Bible Church (WLBC) in November 1987. He hosts Hour of Deliverance, a television program which had its debut in 1980.
Oritsejafor says he owes all his life's accomplishments to God, and his success in ministry he attributes to the influence of God-given mentors like Archbishop Benson Idahosa, Dr. Moris Cerullo, Evangelist Robert W. Schamback, and Evangelist Tommy L. Osborn among others.
Philanthropy
Oritsejafor sees himself as a servant of God and an instrument through which God ministers to the spiritual and physical needs of people. He places emphasis on salvation, repentance, holiness, deliverance and empowerment of the less privileged, through social responsibility programmes. Over the years, he has condemned wastefulness and encouraged giving back to the society, regardless of religion or race. He offers scholarships to students in need in various tertiary, secondary and elementary institutions both within and outside Nigeria irrespective of tribe or denomination.
In December 2005, Oritsejafor and his wife Helen partnered with Flight Micro Finance Bank to start an empowerment programme for the people. Oritsejafor, ever since, makes it a tradition to empower the less privileged and to reduce the sufferings of families all over at the end of every December.
On 26 December 2016, the Word of Life Bible Church in conjunction with the Eagle Flight Micro Finance Bank held the poverty alleviation programme in Warri.
On 23 May 2020, Oritsejafor and his wife Helen gave out some food items to the people "in order to cushion the effect of the coronavirus pandemic on the masses".
African Broadcasting Network (ABN)
Oritsejafor set up African Broadcasting Network, an international satellite Christian television station intended to serve as a voice for the gospel of Christ from Africa to the world. ABN is a satellite channel broadcasting from London, with a coverage that spans across the whole of Africa, parts of Asia and parts of Europe. ABN is currently viewed in 75 countries world-wide and online through WebTV.
Pauleta
Pauleta (born 28 April 1973) is a former Portuguese football player. He has played for Portugal national team.
Club career statistics
53||30|||||||||||||||| 129||52||6||1||colspan="2"|-||5||3||140||56 266||141||28||28||15||15||32||16||341||200 448||223||34||29||15||15||37||19||534||286
International career statistics
!Total||88||47
William Herschel
Herschel was also a musician in his younger days. He played the cello, oboe, harpsichord and organ. He composed numerous musical works, including 24 symphonies and many concertos, as well as some church music.
Mayor of Greater Manchester
The Mayor of Greater Manchester is the directly elected mayor of Greater Manchester, responsible for strategy including health, transport, housing, strategic planning, waste management, policing, the Greater Manchester Fire and Rescue Service and skills. It was set up by the Cities and Local Government Devolution Act 2016. The mayors were given new powers and financial freedom in 2023, but were also to called in front of MP s, via brand new quarterly select committee s.
The Mayor of Greater Manchester sits on the Greater Manchester Combined Authority with the ten council leaders as the eleventh member. The mayor has powers over transport in Greater Manchester
William Herschel
Early life
Herschel was born in the Electorate of Hanover, one of ten children. His father was of Jewish descent, and an oboist in the Hannover Military Band. In 1755 the Hannoverian Guards regiment, in whose band Wilhelm and his brother Jakob were engaged as oboists, was ordered to England. At the time the crowns of Great Britain and Hanover were united under George II. The next year the brothers resigned from the Guards band, and moved to London to avoid the Seven Years' War. p4 Wilhelm, nineteen years old at this time, learnt the English language quickly. In England he went by the English version of his name, Frederick William Herschel.
Astronomy
Herschel's music led him to an interest in mathematics and lenses. His interest in astronomy grew stronger after 1773 and he made the acquaintance of the English Astronomer Royal Nevil Maskelyne. He started building his own reflecting telescopes and would spend up to 16 hours a day grinding and polishing the metal primary mirrors.
Uranus
When he discovered Uranus, Herschel was not looking for a planet but doing a survey of stars; it was an accidental discovery.
It was the first discovery of a new planet since ancient times. The first five, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn, are visible with the naked eye, and have been known since early history. Uranus was the first discovered by telescope. Actually, Uranus had been seen before by other observers with telescopes, but had been marked on charts as a fixed star. Herschel found it moved against the background of stars, and at first thought it was a comet. His measurements were used by the French mathematician Pierre Laplace, who worked out its orbit, and proved it was a planet.
Herschel called the new planet the 'Georgian star' (Georgium sidus) after King George III, which brought him favour; the name did not stick, however. In France, where reference to the British king was to be avoided if possible, the planet was known as 'Herschel' until the name 'Uranus' was universally adopted. The same year, Herschel was awarded the Copley Medal and elected a Fellow of the Royal Society. In 1782, he was appointed "The King’s Astronomer". He got a generous award from the king, which enabled him to stop work as a musician, and devote all his time to astronomy. The award was a life pension to Herschel of £200 a year, and £50 a year to Caroline. Work on the 40-foot telescope was also supported by a grant from the king. p6
Herschel's telescopes
The largest and most famous of his telescopes was a reflecting telescope with a 48 in main mirror and a 40-foot (12 m) focal length. This was the world's largest telescope from 1789 until it was dismantled (taken apart) 50 years later. p6 The mirror was made of a hard metal alloy of tin and copper, called 'speculum', which he polished by hand.
On 28 August 1789, his first night of observation using this instrument, he discovered a new moon of Saturn. A second moon followed within the first month of observation. However, the 40-foot telescope was awkward to use, and most of his observations were done with a smaller 18.5 in 20 ft reflector.
He continued his work as a telescope maker, selling many of them to other astronomers. Together with his pension from the king, the money helped support him and his two siblings in their work.
Star catalogue
Herschel used to work with his sister Caroline Herschel. She recorded his observations as he made them. In 1783 he gave Caroline a telescope, and she began to make astronomical discoveries in her own right, particularly comets.
Caroline discovered eight comets, three nebulae and, at her brother's suggestion, updated and corrected Flamsteed's work on the position of stars. This was published as the British Catalogue of Stars. She was honoured by the Royal Astronomical Society for this work. Caroline also continued to serve as his assistant.
Binary stars
Herschel was the first to find out that some line-of-sight apparent double stars were actually true binary star systems where the two stars revolved around each other. This was the first evidence that Newton's laws of gravitation apply outside the Solar System. Herschel discovered 850 binary stars, and worked up the first catalogue of binary stars. His son John Herschel discovered many more, and extended the catalogue.
Solar System and Milky Way
Herschel studied the changes in star position relative to the Solar System. Changes do occur, and quite rapidly for some nearby stars. Also, the whole Solar System moves, and this was discovered by Herschel.
From studying the proper motion of stars, he was the first to realize that the solar system is moving through space. He worked out the approximate direction of that movement. He also studied the structure of the Milky Way and concluded that it was in the shape of a disk. This was also a really significant discovery.
Discovery of infrared radiation
Herschel discovered infrared radiation by passing sunlight through a prism and holding a thermometer just beyond the red end of the visible spectrum. This thermometer was meant to be a control to measure the ambient air temperature in the room. He was shocked when it showed a higher temperature than the visible spectrum. Further experimentation led to Herschel's conclusion that there must be an invisible form of light beyond the visible spectrum.
Family and death
William Herschel and his wife Mary had one child, John. In 1816, William was made a Knight of the Royal Guelphic Order by the Prince Regent.
Herschel died at Observatory House, Windsor Road, Slough, Buckinghamshire, and is buried at nearby St Laurence's Church, Upton. He died in his 84th year, which is the same number of years Uranus takes to orbit the Sun. His son John Herschel also became a famous astronomer. His sister Caroline returned to Hanover, Germany after the death of her brother. She died on 9 January 1848 at the age of 97.
His house at 19 New King Street in Bath, Somerset where he made many telescopes and first observed Uranus, is now home to the Herschel Museum of Astronomy.
Three Choirs Festival
The Three Choirs Festival is a festival of classical music which is held every year in August. The choirs from three cathedrals take part in many of the concerts. The three cathedrals are: Hereford Cathedral, Gloucester Cathedral and Worcester Cathedral. Each year the festival is held in one of those three cathedrals in turn.
Kellyjackie
Jackie Chan Hiu-ki (陳曉琪), also known as Kellyjackie (born 23 August, 1986), is a Hong Kong citizen who enjoys singing as a hobby. She is also a member of a band called the Royals. She likes the pop singer Kelly Chen, so she puts "Kelly" in her nickname.
She was a secondary school student before 2005. She started to put her songs on the Internet from the age of 13, although she mostly sang other singers' songs. After about one year, she started writing her own songs. Her own first song was Lucky Voice which, like her other songs, was put on the Internet for others to listen.
In January 2005, she wrote the song He invites me to Disneyland (他約我去迪士尼) to ease her exam stress. She got the ideas of the song from the story Sleeping Beauty.
She uploaded her song He invites me to Disneyland to her band's forum, her Xanga site, i010.com and also cmidi.com for free downloading by Internet users. The song became very famous with the help of the Internet within a few weeks. The song was also number 1 of Yahoo! Hong Kong's Top Searches (搜尋人氣榜) for some time. Some DJs also played the song on the radio. Many people were happy about her, although some also thought she did not have good singing skills.
When the Hong Kong Disneyland opened, the Hong Kong Disneyland -The Grand Opening Celebration Album (香港迪士尼樂園開幕紀念大碟) was sold in public. Kellyjackie and Kelly Chen sang He invites me to Disneyland together in the album.
Toner
Toner is a powder commonly used in photocopiers and Laser printers to draw images and text onto paper. The early forms of toner were just carbon powder. Modern toners mix carbon with a thermoplastic and other materials.
In early machines, the user had to pour the toner into a reservoir on the machine itself. Current machines feed from a sealed cartridge which is normally a proprietary design. Although manufacturers try to make the process complicated, empty cartridges are sometimes refilled by third-party vendors. Toner particles are melted by the heat of the fuser, and bind to the paper.
Impact on the environment
Many companies selling laser printers will also provide a way to return empty toner cartridges. These are commonly re-used, with new toner. Today, many toners have chips which tell the printer how much toner is left. These chips also need to be re-programmed, when the toner is re-filled.
Council of the European Union
The Council of the European Union (often called Council of Ministers or just Council) is one of the three organisations that manage the European Union. Along with the European Parliament, it is responsible for law making for the European Union (EU).
Its members are the government ministers of the member countries who are responsible for the law that is being discussed. As an example, suppose the law is going to be about farming, then the Agriculture Ministers are the council for that day.
As well as making laws, they can meet to discuss their problems. For example, the European Union does not decide on tax - each country decides on its own tax. But the Finance Ministers meet anyway because sometimes they can help each other catch people who do not want to pay tax at all.
The council is called different things in different countries, according to the language they speak (for example in French it is Conseil de l'Union Européenne and in German it is Rat der Europäischen Union). It is also known internationally, and so it appears on its logo, with the Latin word Consilium.
A simple way of putting it, is that The 'Council of the European Union' is helped by most countries in the world and it is very important.
Tomoaki Komorida
Tomoaki Komorida (born 10 July 1981) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Persela Lamongan.
Club career statistics
186||22||11||3||11||0||208||25 186||22||11||3||11||0||208||25
Abdulrazak Gurnah
Abdulrazak Gurnah (born 20 December 1948) is a Tanzanian-born British novelist. He moved to the United Kingdom as a refugee in the 1960s. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2021. Most of his novels talked about colonialism and its impact on refugees.
John Eden, Baron Eden of Winton
John Benedict Eden, Baron Eden of Winton, (15 September 1925 – 23 May 2020) was a British Conservative politician. He was the Member of Parliament for Bournemouth West from 1954 to 1983. From 1983 to 2015, he was a member of the House of Lords.
Libor Sionko
Libor Sionko (born 1 February 1977) is a Czech football player. He plays for Sparta Prague and Czech Republic national team.
International career statistics
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Press for Change
Press for Change (PFC) is a UK-based campaign group focusing on the rights and treatment of trans people. Its stated aim is "seeking respect and equality for all trans people in the UK". The group led the campaign for full legal recognition for transgender people living in Britain including the right to marry.
William III of the Netherlands
William III of the Netherlands (Willem Alexander Paul Frederik Lodewijk, anglicised: William Alexander Paul Frederick Louis of Orange-Nassau; 19 February 1817 – 23 November 1890) was from 1849 King of the Netherlands and Grand Duke of Luxembourg until his death. He was married to Princess Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont. He was the father of Wilhelmina of the Netherlands and the grandfather of Juliana of the Netherlands. He is also the great-grandfather of Beatrix of the Netherlands, who is the mother of the current king of The Netherlands, Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands.
Ralph Bunche
Ralph Bunche (7 August 1903 – 9 December 1971) was an American political scientist and diplomat. He received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1950. He won it for leading peace talks in Palestine in the late 1940s. He was the first African American person to win the prize.
Bunche was involved in the formation and administration of the United Nations. In 1963, he was awarded the Medal of Freedom by President John F. Kennedy. For more than 20 years, Bunche served as chairman of the Department of Political Science at Howard University (1928 to 1950). He also taught at the university. He served as a member of the Board of Overseers of Harvard Univesity (1960–1965) from which he had. He also served as a member of the board of the Institute of International Education and as a trustee of Oberlin College, Lincoln University, and New Lincoln School.
Autonomous Region of Gagauzia
The Autonomous Region of Gagauzia is a State in Southern Moldova, the State is home to the Gagauz People, they speak the Language Gagauz, and they have Turkic Descent
Frostburg, Maryland
Frostburg is a city in Allegany County, Maryland, United States. The population was 9,002 at the 2010 census. It is located 8 mi west of Cumberland.
Lightning arrester
A lightning arrester is a device, basically an air gap between an electric wire and ground, that is used to switch a lightning strike from something such as a television antenna to a metal rod about two meters long that is buried in the ground. If a lightning arrester is not used, then the lightning will go through the television set and burn it out.
A "lightning arrester" does not really "arrest" or stop lightning. It "diverts" or changes the way lightning goes so that it ends up going into the ground instead of going into a television set or other device that it could hurt.
Mohor
Mohor is an Indian Bengali Romantic Drama television series. It was premiered on 28 October 2019 on Star Jalsha. It is also available on the digital platform Disney+ Hotstar before it's telecast. The show is produced by Magic Moments Motion Pictures of Leena Gangopadhyay and Saibal Banerjee.
Kyshona Knight
Kyshona Annika Knight is a cricketer from Barbados. Kyshona plays for Barbados, Trinbago Knight Riders and the West Indies. She was born on February 19, 1992.
John Kiffmeyer
John Kiffmeyer (born July 11, 1969) also known as Al Sobrante is an American drummer. He was the first drummer for the punk rock band Green Day. He has also been the drummer for Isocracy. He got his nickname from the fact he is from El Sobrante (California).
Al Sobrante
Entre A Mi Mundo
Entre A Mi Mundo (English: Enter My World), was the fourth studio album by Mexican-American Tejano pop singer, Selena. The album was released on May 6, 1992, a month after her marriage with Selena y Los Dinos guitarist, Chris Pérez.
The album won several awards at the Tejano Music Awards and Premio Lo Nuestro Awards. Songs like "Como La Flor" and "La Carcacha" became Selena's signature songs and helped her crossover to tour in Mexico. The duet with El Salvadoran singer, Álvaro Torres, entitled "Buenos Amgios", the song became Selena's first #1 Billboard song and helped her crossover to South America. To date the album had sold more than 1,200,000 copies in the United States being certified 6x Platinum by the RIAA.
Jo Jorgensen 2020 presidential campaign
The 2020 presidential campaign of Jo Jorgensen is an election campaign that began on November 2, 2019 at the Libertarian Party of South Carolina convention. Jorgensen was the Libertarian Party's 1996 vice presidential nominee.
On May 23, at the virtual 2020 Libertarian National Convention, Jorgensen became the party's 2020 presidential nominee after four rounds of voting by delegates. She is the party's first female presidential nominee.
Mermaids (charity)
Mermaids is a British charity and advocacy organisation that supports gender variant and transgender youth.
European Commission
The commission is made of 27 people, one from each of the countries in the EU. One of these people is the President, who was chosen by the Council and Parliament, he decides (with each country) who the other members are and what they do. Each one has a different job, such as looking after industry or trade. If they do not do their job properly, the President can remove them. If he does not, or if the President does not do his job, the Parliament can remove the whole Commission from their jobs (this only happened in 1999).
The name Commission can also mean the 25,000 people who work for the President and his team. They follow the commission's instructions in looking after the EU or writing a new law. It works in three languages, English, French and German.
The first Commission was created in 1952 and was called the "High Authority". But the modern Commission was created in 1957 and since then has had twelve Presidents;
Honestly, Nevermind
Honestly, Nevermind is the seventh studio album by Canadian rapper Drake. It was surprise-released on June 17, 2022, through OVO Sound and Republic. It is mostly a dance album.
College Holiday
College Holiday is a 1936 American musical comedy movie directed by Frank Tuttle and starring Jack Benny, George Burns, Gracie Allen, Mary Boland, Marsha Hunt, Leif Erickson, Martha Raye. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures.
Babi Yar
Babi Yar (Бабин Яр) is a ravine in Kyiv, Ukraine.
During the Holocaust, Nazi soldiers massacred 33,771 Jewish people at Babi Yar. This may have been the worst two-day mass murder of Jews in all of the Holocaust.
Background
Nazi Germany and other Axis countries occupied Kyiv on September 19, 1941. By September 26, the military governor and the Schutzstaffel (SS) and Police Leader had decided to kill all of the Jews in Kyiv. They said this would be revenge for German soldiers being attacked by some Jewish guerrilla fighters.
The Nazis tricked the Jews into coming to Babi Yar by telling them they were going to be sent to another place to live. On 28 September 1941, they put up an order in the town. Part of it said: "All [Jews] of the city of Kyiv and [nearby areas] must appear on Monday, September 29, by 8 o'clock in the morning at the corner of Mel'nikova and Dorohozhytska streets (near the Viis'kove cemetery). Bring documents, money and valuables, and also warm clothing, linen, etc.
Any [Jews] who do not follow this order and are found elsewhere will be shot."
- Order posted in Kyiv in Russian, on or around 26 September 1941.
The massacre
Later, one of the soldiers in charge of the massacre would say: "Although only [about] 5,000 to 6,000 Jews had been expected [to come] at first, more than 30,000 Jews arrived who, until the very moment of their execution, still believed in their resettlement, thanks to an extremely clever organization."
On September 29 and 30, special units of the SS called Einsatzgruppen, and some local Ukrainians who supported the Nazis, took these people to the ravine at Babi Yar. They made them put all of their things in piles. They made them strip naked. The area was so crowded that by the time people heard gunshots, there was no way to escape. The Nazis took people ten at a time into the ravine, made them lay down, and shot them with machine guns.
Between September 29 and 30, the Nazis killed 33,771 Jewish people at Babi Yar.