cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Atomic nucleus
Modern nuclear physics
Superimposed on this classical picture, however, are quantum-mechanical effects, which can be described using the nuclear shell model, developed in large part by Maria Goeppert-Mayer. Nuclei with certain numbers of neutrons and protons (the magic numbers 2, 8, 20, 50, 82, 126, ...) are particularly stable, because their shells are filled.
Much of current research in nuclear physics relates to the study of nuclei under extreme conditions such as high spin and excitation energy. Nuclei may also have extreme shapes (similar to that of American footballs) or extreme neutron-to-proton ratios. Experimenters can create such nuclei using artificially induced fusion or nucleon transfer reactions, employing ion beams from an accelerator. Beams with even higher energies can be used to create nuclei at very high temperatures, and there are signs that these experiments have produced a phase transition from normal nuclear matter to a new state, the quark-gluon plasma, in which the quarks mingle with one another, rather than being segregated in triplets as they are in neutrons and protons.
Nuclear fusion
When two light nuclei come into very close contact with each other it is possible for the strong force to fuse the two together. It takes a great deal of energy to push the nuclei close enough together for the strong force to have an effect, so the process of nuclear fusion can only take place at very high temperatures or high densities. Once the nuclei are close enough together the strong force overcomes their electromagnetic repulsion and squishes them into a new nucleus. A very large amount of energy is released when light nuclei fuse together because the binding energy per nucleon increases with mass number up until nickel-62. Stars like our sun are powered by the fusion of four protons into a helium nucleus, two positrons, and two neutrinos. The uncontrolled fusion of hydrogen into helium is known as thermonuclear runaway. Research to find an economically viable method of using energy from a controlled fusion reaction is currently being undertaken by various research establishments (see JET and ITER).
Nuclear fission
For nuclei heavier than nickel-62 the binding energy per nucleon decreases with the mass number. It is therefore possible for energy to be released if a heavy nucleus breaks apart into two lighter ones. This splitting of atoms is known as nuclear fission.
The process of alpha decay may be thought of as a special type of spontaneous nuclear fission. This process produces a highly asymmetrical fission because the four particles which make up the alpha particle are especially tightly bound to each other, making production of this nucleus in fission particularly likely.
For certain of the heaviest nuclei which produce neutrons on fission, and which also easily absorb neutrons to initiate fission, a self-igniting type of neutron-initiated fission can be obtained, in a so-called chain reaction. [Chain reactions were known in chemistry before physics, and in fact many familiar processes like fires and chemical explosions are chemical chain reactions]. The fission or "nuclear" chain-reaction, using fission-produced neutrons, is the source of energy for nuclear power plants and fission type nuclear bombs such as the two that the United States used against Hiroshima and Nagasaki at the end of World War II. Heavy nuclei such as uranium and thorium may undergo spontaneous fission, but they are much more likely to undergo decay by alpha decay.
For a neutron-initiated chain-reaction to occur, there must be a critical mass of the element present in a certain space under certain conditions (these conditions slow and conserve neutrons for the reactions). There is one known example of a natural nuclear fission reactor, which was active in two regions of Oklo, Gabon, Africa, over 1.5 billion years ago. Measurements of natural neutrino emission have demonstrated that around half of the heat emanating from the earth's core results from radioactive decay. However, it is not known if any of this results from fission chain-reactions.
Production of heavy elements
As the Universe cooled after the big bang it eventually became possible for particles as we know them to exist. The most common particles created in the big bang which are still easily observable to us today were protons (hydrogen) and electrons (in equal numbers). Some heavier elements were created as the protons collided with each other, but most of the heavy elements we see today were created inside of stars during a series of fusion stages, such as the proton-proton chain, the CNO cycle and the triple-alpha process. Progressively heavier elements are made during the evolution of a star.
Since the binding energy per nucleon peaks around iron, energy is only released in fusion processes occurring below this point. Since the creation of heavier nuclei by fusion costs energy, nature resorts to the process of neutron capture. Neutrons (due to their lack of charge) are readily absorbed by a nucleus. The heavy elements are created by either a slow neutron capture process (the so-called s process) or by the rapid, or r process. The s process occurs in thermally pulsing stars (called AGB, or asymptotic giant branch stars) and takes hundreds to thousands of years to reach the heaviest elements of lead and bismuth. The r process is thought to occur in supernova explosions because the conditions of high temperature, high neutron flux and ejected matter are present. These stellar conditions make the successive neutron captures very fast, involving very neutron-rich species which then beta-decay to heavier elements, especially at the so-called waiting points that correspond to more stable nuclides with closed neutron shells (magic numbers). The r process duration is typically in the range of a few seconds.
Shanghai Noon
Shanghai Noon is a 2000 American-Hong Kong martial arts western comedy movie starring Jackie Chan, Owen Wilson and Lucy Liu. The first in the Shanghai movie series and marking the directorial debut of Tom Dey, Shanghai Noon was written by Alfred Gough and Miles Millar. sequels Shanghai Knights and Shanghai Dawn.
George Polk Awards
The George Polk Awards in Journalism are American journalism awards given every year by Long Island University in the U.S. state of New York. A writer for a PBS group blog named the awards as "one of only a couple of journalism prizes that means anything".
In 1949, Long Island University started the awards in memory of CBS journalist George Polk. Polk was murdered in 1948 while reporting on the Greek Civil War. In 2009, former New York Times editor John Darnton was named curator of the George Polk Awards.
The Reckoning (1908 movie)
The Reckoning is a 1908 American silent drama movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars Harry Solter, Florence Lawrence, and Mack Sennett. The movie is an adaptation of Robert W. Chambers's 1905 novel.
Lulach
Lulach mac Gille Coemgáin (before 1033 – 17 March 1058) better known as Lulach (c. 1032–1099), was King of Scots between 15 August 1057 and 17 March 1058. He was the stepson of Macbeth. In March 1058, he was killed by Malcolm III.
Salmon (color)
Salmon (pronounced sa-mon, as the l is silent) is a range of pale pinkish-orange to light pink colors, named after the color of salmon flesh.
The first recorded use of salmon as a color name in English was in 1776.
Halifax Town Hall
Halifax Town Hall is a grade II listed, 19th century town hall in Halifax, West Yorkshire, England. It is notable for its design and interiors by Charles Barry and his son, Edward Middleton Barry, and for its sculptures by John Thomas.
Great Turkish War
The Great Turkish War was fought between 1683 and 1699 by Ottoman Empire and the winning Holy League (the Habsburg Monarchy, Poland-Lithuania, Venice and Russia). Intensive fighting began in 1683 after the Ottomans failed to take the city of Vienna during the siege and ended with the signing of the Treaty of Karlowitz in 1699. The defeated Ottoman Empire lost for the first time large amounts of territory: in Hungary and the Poland–Lithuania, as well as part of the western Balkans. The war was also significant in that it marked the first time Russia was involved in an alliance with Western Europe.
Inverter
An inverter is an electric apparatus that changes direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC). It is not the same thing as an alternator, which converts mechanical energy (e.g. movement) into alternating current.
Direct current is created by devices such as batteries and solar panels. When connected, an inverter allows these devices to provide electric power for small household devices. The inverter does this through a complex process of electrical adjustment. From this process, AC electric power is produced. This form of electricity can be used to power an electric light, a microwave oven, or some other electric machine.
Inverters are made in many different sizes. They can be as small as 150 watts, or as large as 1 megawatt (1 million watts). Smaller inverters often plug into a car's cigarette lighter socket and provide 120 or 240 volt AC power from the car's 12 volt supply.
Three Dog Night
Three Dog Night is an American rock band. They were popular from the late 1960s and early 1970s. They had 21 hit singles and 12 gold albums between 1969 and 1975.
5 Centimeters per Second
5 Centimeters per Second (Japanese: 秒速5センチメートル, Hepburn: Byōsoku Go Senchimētoru) is a 2007 anime film made by Makoto Shinkai. Its made up of three parts, "Cherry Blossom", "Cosmonaut" and "5 Centimeters per Second". The film is 65 minutes long.
Oestradiol
Oestradiol, E2, is an oestrogen, a steroidal hormone secreted by the ovaries. It is a main female hormone. Oestradiol regulates female characteristics, the maturation of female sex organs and the  oestrus and menstrual cycle. It stimulates the production of mammary glands.
The serum concentrations of oestradiol and other female hormones change during the menstrual cycle. During gestation there is a high serum concentrations of oestradiol, E3. During menopause, oestrone has the higher concentration.
Oestradiol also has some functions in males. Its serum concentration in men is < 35 pg/mL, level equivalent to that seen in post-menopausal women.
Battle of the Oranges
The Battle of the Oranges is a festival in Ivrea in northern Italy. The townspeople throw oranges at each other. The festival happens every year. It lasts three days. It is right before Shrove Tuesday, which means it is right before the Catholic Lent season.
Legend says the festival started when the townspeople killed an evil duke. The duke wanted to have sex with women on their wedding nights, so the people started fighting. A miller's daughter named Violetta cut off the duke's head. The orange fights are between people pretending to be the duke's men and people pretending to be Violetta's helpers.
There was no festival in 1915-18, 1942-45 nor 2021.
Joel Comm
Joel Comm is an American writer and Internet marketer. He presently serve as the CEO of a social media consulting company named InfoMedia. He also founded the ClassicGames, a family multiplayer gaming website that was later sold to Yahoo! in 1997.
Chicken soup
Chicken soup is a soup made with chicken. The chicken is simmered in water. Classic chicken soups are made of clear broth. There are usually pieces of chicken and vegetables. There can also be grains, pasta or dumplings.
Chicken soup is thought to be a remedy for colds and influenza. In many countries, it is considered a comfort food.
Annisquam Bridge
Annisquam Bridge is a historic bridge in Annisquam, Massachusetts, a village within the city of Gloucester.
Built in 1861 to cross Lobster Cove, the bridge was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. It is a wood pile bridge.
Cartoonito
Cartoonito is a programming block channel that aired on Cartoon Network Too in the UK in 2009. It was removed in 2010 but came back in 2013.
Grand Funk Railroad
Grand Funk Railroad were an American rock group from Flint, Michigan. They were popular in the early and mid 1970s.
Anguilla
Anguilla was colonized by the British Empire and used to be part of what is now Saint Kitts and Nevis, but broke away in 1980 so it could stay part of Great Britain. Saint Kitts and Nevis wanted to be independent.
Anguilla was first settled by Arawakan-speaking Indians who called it Malliouhana.
Politics
The King or Queen of the United Kingdom is the ruler of Anguilla, but she works through a governor. He or she names, or appoints the governor, and he is just working there in place of the monarch. The legislature is elected by the people, has 11 members, and is called the House of Assembly.
Economy
Anguilla has mostly been part of the British Empire since the 17th century. The British brought thousands of slaves from Africa and forced them to work, like they did all over the Caribbean and North America. Many of the slaves decided to run away rather than be forced to work. When the British decided to abolish slavery they paid all the slave owners a lot of money, but didn't give anything to the slaves. Now Anguilla gets most of its money from fishing and tourism.
Antonio Isasi-Isasmendi
Antonio Isasi-Isasmendi Lasa (22 March 1927 – 28 September 2017) was a Spanish movie director, producer, screenwriter and movie editor. He was born in Madrid, Spain. In the mid-1960s he directed a series of action movies designed for the wider European market including Scaramouche (The Adventures of Scaramouche) in 1963 and Estambul 65 (That Man in Istanbul) in 1965. He made some English-language movies, most notably They Came to Rob Las Vegas.
He directed 13 feature movies, wrote eleven and produced eight.
In 1981, he was the a member the jury at the 31st Berlin International Film Festival.
Isasi-Isasmendi died on 28 September 2017 in Ibiza, Spain at the age of 90.
Pathological liar
The word phrase pathological comes from pathology, a study of the causes and effects of diseases, and also injuries.
Exology Chapter 1: The Lost Planet
Exology Chapter 1: The Lost Planet (stylized as EXOLOGY CHAPTER 1: THE LOST PLANET) is the first live album by South Korean boy band EXO. It was released on December 22, 2014 by S.M. Entertainment. It has 2 CDs and a total of 36 songs (1 CD and 18 songs), including individual tracks from each of the members and studio versions of some of his songs remixed (remix Korean and Mandarin/ Mandarin and Korean). The album was released in two versions: a normal version and a special version.
If It's Lovin' that You Want
"If It's Lovin' That You Want" is a song by Barbadian singer Rihanna from her debut studio album, Music of the Sun (2005). It was written by Samuel Barnes, Scott La Rock, Makeba Riddick, Jean-Claude Oliver, Lawrence Parker, and produced by Poke & Tone. It was released on August 16, 2005, as the second and final single from the album. The song is about "basically telling a guy, 'If it's lovin' that you want, you should make me your girl because I've got what you need".
Philip Nitschke
Philip Haig Nitschke (born 8 August 1947) is an Australian humanist, writer and former medical doctor. He is the founder and director of the pro-euthanasia group Exit International. He supported and campaigned for legal euthanasia in the Northern Territory. There, he assisted four people ending their lives while it was legal. Later, the Government of Australia made it against the law again. He is the author of the books Killing Me Softly: Voluntary Euthanasia and the Road to the Peaceful Pill (2005) and The Peaceful Pill Handbook (2006). He has been called "Dr Death" by the media.
Nitschke was born in Ardrossan, South Australia. He lives in the Netherlands.
Dangerous Woman (song)
"Dangerous Woman" is a song recorded by American singer Ariana Grande. It is the lead single for her third studio album of the same name (2016). It was co-written and produced by Johan Carlsson and Ross Golan.
The recording was released as the first single from the album on March 11, 2016, the same date of the album's pre-order on iTunes Store.
With "Dangerous Woman" debuting at number ten on the US Billboard Hot 100, Grande became the first artist to reach the top ten of the chart in the opening charting week with every lead single of her three studio albums. The song was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Pop Solo Performance.
Credits and personnel
Credits adapted from the liner notes of Dangerous Woman.
Maubec, Vaucluse
Maubec is a commune of 1,581 people (1999). It is in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Vaucluse department in the south of France.
National League Championship Series
In Major League Baseball, the National League Championship Series (NLCS), played in October, is a playoff round that decides the winner of the National League pennant. The winner of the series moves on to play the winner of the American League Championship Series in baseball's championship, the World Series.
History
In 1969, the LCS began play as the leagues were expanded to two divisions. Initially, it was a best-of-five series. In 1985, it became best-of-seven. Since 1995, the two winners from the National League Division Series advance to the NLCS.
Crumbl Cookies
Crumbl Cookies is an American-based, tech-driven franchise-model cookie company that was founded in 2017 by cousins Jason McGowan and Sawyer Hemsley. In 2022, the brand has over 500 retail stores in over 47 states in the United States. Crumbl offers a menu of 175+ cookie flavors ranging from Churro to Cookies & Cream Milkshake to Key Lime Pie. They offer 4 weekly rotating flavors in addition to their staple Chilled Sugar and award-winning Milk Chocolate Chip cookies. All cookies are packaged in Crumbl’s famous pink box. Crumbl’s mission is “Bringing friends and family together over a box of the best cookies in the world” and is headquartered in Lindon, Utah.
History
Today, Crumbl is the fastest-growing and second-largest gourmet cookie company in the United States of America with 160 stores operating in 30 states.
Concept
All Crumbl stores are franchise owned and operated excluding Crumbl’s Orem location. This location is the Corporate Testing Facility, used to test new concepts such as cookie flavors, box sizes, presentation, technology, tools, and other business elements. All Crumbl stores have an open kitchen concept built to allow customers to view the cookies being mixed, balled, and baked fresh daily.
Crumbl also has a catering program, which offers mini versions of Crumbl’s classic 6oz. cookies for events such as weddings, business retreats, parties, etc.
Branding
Crumbl’s branding is minimalistic, utilizing a palette of three colors: black, white, and pink. The logo features a male baker with a chef’s hat and a partially eaten cookie.
Crumbl often adds or changes ink designs on their boxes for holidays and anniversaries, such as their store birthday every year.
Awards
In 2019, Crumbl’s Milk Chocolate Chip Cookie was awarded Best of State in Utah for Best Cookie. In 2020, Crumbl was awarded Best of State in Utah for Best Gourmet Cookies and Best Bakery. Additionally, Crumbl has won hundreds of official and nonofficial awards and taste-offs throughout the country.
Lady Mary Colman
Lady Mary Cecilia Colman (née Bowes-Lyon; 30 January 1932 – 2 January 2021) was an English socialite, philanthropist, and extra lady-in-waiting to Princess Alexandra, The Hon. Lady Ogilvy.
The daughter of Michael Bowes-Lyon and Elizabeth Margaret Cator, her paternal aunt was Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother, and she was thus a first cousin of Queen Elizabeth II and Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon.
Lady Mary died at her home in Bixley, Norfolk on 2 January 2021, aged 88.
Aotsuka Kofun
The Aotsuka Kofun (青塚古墳) is an ancient Japanese burial mound. It is located in Ōagata Shrine in the city of Inuyama, Aichi in the Tōkai region of Japan. In 1983 the Japanese government declared it a National Historic Site of Japan. It is the second biggest kofun in Aichi Prefecture after the Danpusan Kofun in Nagoya.
XOXO
XOXO is the first studio album of the boy band Chinese-South Korean EXO, released on June 3, 2013 by the label S.M. Entertainment. The album is the follow-up to the EP debut of EXO, MAMA (2012). Like all the music from the group, the album was released in two versions - "Kiss" is the Korean edition and "Hug" is the Chinese edition.
Two main singles were released from XOXO: "Wolf" and "Growl", with the latter being the first single from the album of the repackaged version released on August 5, 2013. Both singles went to the list in the top 10 of Gaon Singles Chart, and "Growl" was at number three in Billboard Korea K-Pop Hot 100. The album won "Álbum of the Year" in 2013 Mnet Asian Music Awards and sold about a million copies, becoming the best-selling album in Korea since 2001.
Background
Several tracks in "development" were produced and recorded in 2011 before the official debut of EXO in the entertainment industry, but he never did in his first EP MAMA. Some of these tracks were included on album XOXO, including "Black Pearl" and "My Lady". In July 2013, a repackaged version of XOXO, was renowned as a 으르렁 (Growl) was developed with three tracks additional. Composed by Hyuk Shin (Joombas), DK, Jordan Kyle, John Major, and Jarah Gibson, "Growl" is dance-pop genre with R&B and funk. The single was leaked prematurely online July 27, when a video of the group practiced for the Korean version of the song was uploaded to several sites
Album sales
XOXO
Growl (Repackage)
Maria Teresa de Filippis
Maria Teresa de Filippis (11 November 1926 – 9 January 2016) was an Italian racing driver. She was known as being the first woman to race in Formula One. She was born in Naples. She participated in five World Championship Grands Prix, debuting on 18 May 1958, but scored no championship points.
Classical Chinese
Classical Chinese or literary Chinese is a traditional register of written Chinese. It is based on the grammar and vocabulary of ancient Chinese, so it is very different from any modern spoken form of Chinese. Classical Chinese was once used for almost all formal writing before and during the beginning of the 20th century in China, and during various different periods in Korea, Japan and Vietnam. Among Chinese speakers, Classical Chinese has been largely replaced by written vernacular Chinese, or 白话/白話 báihuà ("plain speech") after the overthrow of the Qing dynasty and therefore the end of Imperial China. Written Vernacular Chinese is a writing style very closely related to modern spoken Mandarin Chinese. At the same time, non-Chinese speakers have largely given up Classical Chinese, and use their local languages or dialects instead.
Maria Teresa de Filippis
Though largely unsuccessful in her Formula One racing career, she won races in other series and is remembered as a pioneer in the sport.
De Filippis died in Scanzorosciate, Lombardy, in January 2016 at the age of 89.
Classical Chinese
Although many words and phrases used in Classical Chinese have been replaced by words and phrases made up of different characters in Standard Chinese, many of the characters that were common in Classical Chinese can be found in modern Chinese words and phrases as well as retain their meanings. For example, while the word "to eat" is 食 (shí) in Classical Chinese, it is 吃 (chī) in Standard Chinese. However, the character 食 is still found in words related to food and eating like 食品 (shípĭn), which is the Standard Chinese word for "food". The chart below compares Classical Chinese words to the Standard Chinese words that replaced them.
Jürgen Roth
Jürgen Roth (4 November 1945 – 28 September 2017) was a German publicist and investigative journalist. He was born in Frankfurt on Main, Germany. He was known for his works in Armut in der Bundesrepublik, Der Sumpf and for Absturz.
Mazan
Mazan is a commune of 4,943 people (1999). It is in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Vaucluse department in the south of France.
Jürgen Roth
Roth died on 28 September 2017 in Frankfurt at the age of 71.
Sasebo
Sasebo (佐世保市) is a Japanese city in Nagasaki Prefecture on the island of Kyushu.
Classical Chinese
Due to the changes of the spoken Chinese over the centuries, spoken Chinese lost many sounds that existed in older dialects, and therefore many words in Classical Chinese were beginning to sound too much like each other. Although documents written in Classical Chinese can be reasonably understood by someone who can read Chinese, they can be very difficult to understand when they are read aloud. One-syllable articles, or poems written in Classical Chinese in which every word in the poem is pronounced by the same syllable, are perfect examples that how impractical Classic is as a spoken language. The title of one poem 施氏食狮史 (Shī Shì Shí Shī Shǐ), known as the "Lion-Eating Poet of the Stone Den" in English, literally translates to "The Story of Shi Shi Eating Lions". Every single word of the poem is pronounced "shi", even though they have different tones. If the title were to be translated into Standard Chinese, it be read something like 施氏吃狮子的史诗 (Shī Shì chī shīzi de shǐshī).
Sasebo
It has been recognized as a special city since 2001.
Classical Chinese
Structurally, words in Classical Chinese tend to be much simpler because they are usually made up of one Chinese character, while in Standard Chinese most words are made of two to four characters. This is so that the writer can write what they want to write using as few characters as possible. Examples are found below.
Sasebo
History
In 1866, Sasebo was established as a major port for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN).
Classical Chinese
Examples of phrases in Classical Chinese is Confucius's famous quote 有教無類 (yǒu jiào wú lèi), which roughly translates to, "In education, there should be no class distinction."
Sasebo
History
Sasebo became an American Naval base in 1945.
Today it is the center of a military district of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (海上自衛隊) or JMSDF.
Port Waikato (New Zealand electorate)
Port Waikato is an electorate of the New Zealand House of Representatives.
Vegetative reproduction
Vegetative reproduction is a kind of asexual reproduction. Many plants do it. By vegetative reproduction plants can cover the ground quickly: ground taken by one plant is difficult for other plants to take. This occurs naturally, and can also be done on purpose by horticulturists.
Vegetative reproduction uses mitosis. This means that the newly created cell is a clone, and identical to the parent cell. Some plants put out new roots underground, have bulbs, or grow new vines and shoots above ground.
Cuttings
In gardening and farming, vegetative reproduction means cutting a tree branch below its center joint, planting it in some other earth, and letting it form new roots. In this way, many kinds of useful plants can be easily reproduced without any seeds, for example: apple, avocado, banana, cacao, hemp, orange/lemon, date, fig, grape, almond, pineapple, potato, strawberry, sugar cane and tea.
Xenon difluoride
Xenon difluoride is a chemical compound with the formula XeF2. This noble gas compound can be used as a good fluorinating agent. Xenon difluoride is the most stable compound of all xenon compounds.
The compound shows a trigonal bipyramidal pseudostructure or a linear real structure in VSEPR theory.
Xenon difluoride is solid in state of matter. It is achromatic (without color) and in crystal form. Under high pressure and temperature, the compound can be produced from xenon and fluorine directly.
Xenon difluoride is used in organic syntheses as fluorinating agent.
Xenon difluoride can be destroyed by heating. It then results in the pure substances fluorine and xenon. This reactions happens explosively, even though that the enthalpy of reaction is negative. That is because the reaction changes the state of matter from solid to gas. The gas needs more space in room.
The Sweet
The Sweet (also known as Sweet) are a British glam rock band. The group is famous for the songs such as "Ballroom Blitz", "Little Willy", "Fox on the Run" and "Love is Like Oxygen". The group was originally called Sweetshop.
Barnim
Barnim is a district in Brandenburg, Germany.
History
The district was made in 1993 by joining the old districts of Bernau and Eberswalde.
The district is in the same place as the area of forest where noblemen started hunting in the 13th century, but is smaller than the old region.
Ménerbes
Ménerbes is a commune of 1,157 people (2006). It is in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Vaucluse department in the south of France.
Climacoceratidae
Climacoceratide is a family of artiodactyls which lived in Miocene in Africa. They're closely related to giraffes, with some genera, like Prolibytherium previously classified as giraffes.
The climacoceratids, named after one of their members, Climacoceras, were previously placed in the family Palaeomerycidae, then in Giraffidae. In 1978, W.D. Hamilton made a new family, placing it near Giraffidae in the superfamily Giraffoidea.
They differ from giraffes as their ossicones are from different bones.
Hispanic Information and Telecommunications Network
Hispanic Information and Telecommunications Network, Inc. (HITN) is the largest Spanish-language public broadcasting network in the United States.
Archer (TV series)
Archer is an American adult animated black comedy, action adventure television series. It is about a secret agent whose boss is his mother.
This television series has a rating of TV-MA, usually for foul language and violence. Sometimes there is also nudity.
2004 American League Championship Series
The 2004 American League Championship Series (ALCS) was a best-of-seven playoff series in the 2004 Major League Baseball season. It featured the New York Yankees and the Boston Red Sox. The Red Sox beat the Yankees in seven games. It was a rematch of the 2003 ALCS.
Fantasamagorie
Fantasmagorie is a hand drawn animated movie made in 1908 by Émile Cohl. It is one of the first animated cartoons ever made.
José Ramírez Gamero
José Ramírez Gamero (12 June 1938 – 7 July 2022) was a Mexican politician. He was a member of Institutional Revolutionary Party. He was Governor of Durango from 1986 to 1992. From 1976 to 1979 and from 2000 to 2003, he was a member of the Chamber of Deputies. In 1976, he was the President of the Chamber of Deputies.
2004 American League Championship Series
The Yankees won the first three games of the series. The Red Sox then won the next four to win the series. This was the first time a team won a best-of-seven playoff series after losing the first three games.
The Red Sox would go on to win the World Series against the St. Louis Cardinals in four games. It was the Red Sox's first World Series title since 1918.
The Red Man and the Child
The Red Man and the Child is a 1908 American silent western movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars Charles Inslee, John Tansey, and Linda Arvidson.
Atlas V
Atlas V is an orbital launch vehicle used by the United Launch Alliance (made of two companies, Boeing and Lockheed Martin) to place satellites into orbit. It is a rocket 58.3 m tall, and 3.81 m wide. It has flown 79 times, since its first flight on August 21, 2002. It was developed from the Atlas (missile). Unlike the Space Shuttle, Atlas V is only used once, with a new rocket being built for each flight.
Bettendorf, Iowa
Bettendorf is a city in Iowa in the United States. It is in Scott County. Bettendorf is one of the Quad Cities, along with neighboring Davenport and the Illinois cities of Moline, East Moline and Rock Island. In 2011, Bettendorf was named America's 95th Best Town by CNNMoney.
José Ramírez Gamero
Ramírez Gamero died in Durango, Mexico on 7 July 2022, aged 84.
Atlas V
The rocket is made of the first stage, a Common Core Booster with an RD-180 engine from Russia. Every Atlas V has this as the first stage. The second stage is called Centaur, and has one/two RL-10 engines from Aerojet Rocketdyne. On top is a 4 - 5 m wide fairing covering the spacecraft during launch.
Flights
As of 2023 Atlas V has made 97 flights. The most famous ones carried the New Horizons, Mars Science Laboratory (which had the Curiosity rover in it), Juno, the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter/LCROSS, the Boeing X-37B, the Mars 2020 mission which carried the Perseverance rover and the Mars Helicopter Ingenuity, Boeing's CST-100 Starliner.
Variants
The Atlas V has a special way of naming the different kinds. The Atlas V nomenclature for numbering the variants goes like this: The first number says how wide the fairing is. A 400 series Atlas V has a 4-meter wide fairing. A 500 series Atlas V has a 5-meter wide fairing. An Atlas V N22 have no fairing since it will be the launch configuration for the Boeing's CST-100 Starliner. second number says how many strap-on solid rocket boosters the rocket has. An Atlas V 501 has no strap-on boosters, an Atlas V 441 has 4 strap-on boosters, while the Atlas V N22 has two strap-on boosters, which will be the Boeing Starliner launch configuration. The last number says how many engines the Centaur second stage has. All of the Atlas V rockets flown have had only 1 engine on the Centaur, but in the future other Atlas V rockets will have 2 engines on the Centaur upper stage, such as the Atlas V N22 that I frequently mentioned in this article. There is also the HLV which has two of the first stage (Common Core Booster) strapped on like strap-on boosters, but it has never flown.
Edelweiss
Edelweiss is a well-known Europe mountain flower.
Description
Leaves and flowers are covered with white hairs and look woolly. Each Edelweiss bloom has five to six small yellow flower heads surrounded by leaflets in a star shape. The flowers are in bloom between July and September.
Eric Haydock
Eric Haydock (born Eric John Haddock; 3 February 1943 – 5 January 2019) was a British musician. He was best known as the original bass guitarist of The Hollies from December 1962 until July 1966.
Haydock died on 5 January 2019, at the age of 75.
John A. DiBiaggio
John Angelo DiBiaggio (September 11, 1932 – February 1, 2020) was an American educator. He was the President of the University of Connecticut from 1979 to 1985, then of Michigan State University from 1985 to 1992, and of Tufts University from 1992 to 2001. He was born in Houston, Texas.
DiBiaggio died on February 1, 2020 at the age of 87.
Major League Baseball on FOX
Fox Major League Baseball (shortened as Fox MLB and MLB on FS1) is FOX Sports's broadcast of Major League Baseball. It began on June 1, 1996 and continue through at least 2021.
Early Years: 1996-2000
Major League Baseball made a deal with FOX and NBC on November 7, 1995. FOX televised regular season games (about 16 weekly telecasts normally beginning on Memorial Day weekend) on Saturday afternoons, selected Division Series games, and alternated the All-Star Game, League Championship Series and the World Series with NBC each year. To better state this, FOX aired the All-Star Game aired American League Championship Series in odd-numbered years while airing the National League Championship Series and World Series in even-numbered years.
CNN en Español
CNN en Español is CNN's Spanish language news channel. On March 17, 1997, CNN launched CNN en Español, a 24-hour Spanish-language news network.
Major League Baseball on FOX
Exclusivity: 2001-2006
In September 2000, Major League Baseball and FOX signed a 6-year contract to air Saturday baseball, the All-Star Game, selected Division Series games, and exclusive coverage of the League Championship Series and the World Series.
New Contract: 2007-2021
Rumors about the end of Major League Baseball on FOX were laid to rest on July 11, 2006 when the network announced they would still air the World Series through the 2013 season. It was announced on October 17, 2006 that FOX would retain the All-Star Game and World Series, except they would air the regular season beginning with the first Saturday of the regular season, and postseason coverage beyond the World Series was limited to one League Championship Series a year, alternating one for the other with TBS each year, airing the other LCS.
Yehoshua Sofer
Yehoshua Sofer (יהושע סופר) is an Israeli hip hop musician and martial artist. He was born in 1958 as Nigel Wilson in Jamaica. His family moved to Los Angeles in 1963. There, he studied Tang Soo Do and got a black belt by 1968; at that time, he was just ten. He studied Kuk Sool Won from 1974, and worked as a trainer and bodyguard during the 1970s and 1980s.
Social Democrat Hunchakian Party
History
All of the 7 founders of Hunchakian party were Russian-Armenian Marxist students who had left Russia to continue their higher education in universities of Western Europe. They were young persons, in their twenties, and were from well‑to‑do bourgeois families who were financially supporting them. For the purpose of furthering revolutionary activity in Turkish Armenia, they formed the Hunchakian Revolutionary Party in August, 1887.
Hunchak party fought many battles against the Ottoman Empire, to free the Armenian people from Turkish rule. One of Armenia's famous national heroes Andranik Ozanian, at first, joined the Hunchak party, but disagreement with party policies led Andranik to leave the Hunchak ranks and join the Dashnak party.
Democratic Republic of Armenia
The party also played role in establishment of Democratic Republic of Armenia, as party members took part in the Battle of Sardarapat, during the World War I at Caucasus Campaign, which defended the Armenian capital of Yerevan from Army of Islam of Ottoman Empire.
Activities in Lebanon
In the 1950s, it clashed, sometimes violently, with the Dashnak Party, due to tensions that escalated when the ARF elected Bishop Zareh as Catholicos of Cilicia, a move that was rejected by the Hunchaks. In the midst of increasing sectarian strife in the late 1960s and early 1970s, however, Lebanon's Armenian community began to close ranks, and in 1972, the Hunchakian Party ran a joint ticket with the Dashnaks. In 2000, the Hunchakian Party joined forces with Rafik Hariri's Dignity party, which swept the city of Beirut.
Modern
In the early 1990s, the party took part in the Nagorno Karabakh conflict. The party today forms part of the opposition "Justice" bloc.
This party is also active in Lebanon, where it competes for the six National Assembly seats reserved for ethnic Armenians. The party subscribes to a socialist ideology and advocates a planned economy for Lebanon.
Affiliate organizations
The Hunchakian party has established affiliate organizations such as the AEBU which is an organization that helps with educational, health and social care, the Armenian Dkhrouhi Youth Association and HMM (Homenmen) which is a sporting organization (not to be confused with Homenetmen).
Leons Briedis
Leons Briedis (December 16, 1949 – February 1, 2020) was a Latvian poet, novelist, essayist, literary critic and publisher.
In 1974, Briedis becme a member of the Latvian Writers' Union (several times also a member of the Board), and from 1987 he was a member of the international organisation of writers (poets, essayists, prosaists) — PEN Club. From 1993 to 1997 he was Vice-President of the Latvian PEN Club.
He worked in most diverse culture editions and was Head of poetry section of the newspaper "Literatūra un Māksla" (1986–1987), Editor-in-Chief of the cultural journal "Jaunās Grāmatas", culturological magazine "Grāmata" (1990–1992) and Editor-in- Chief of "Vārds", magazine of the Latvian Writers' Union (1993).
Briedis died on February 1, 2020 in Riga at the age of 70.
Rescued from an Eagle's Nest
Rescued from an Eagle's Nest is a 1908 American silent action-drama movie directed by J. Searle Dawley and stars D. W. Griffith, Henry B. Walthall, Miss Earle, and Jinnie Frazer.
Bevington, Iowa
Bevington is a city in Iowa in the United States. The population was 58 at the 2000 census.
Immanuel Church, Norrköping
The Immanuel Church (Immanuelskyrkan) is a church building in Norrköping, Sweden. It was built by the Immanuel Church Congregation in 1956. Since 2020 it is owned by the two congregations Baptistförsamlingen Saron-Korskyrkan (part of Evangelical Free Church in Sweden) and Norrköping Vineyard (part of Vineyard Nordic). The Immanuel Church Congregation is still active in it.
International Women's Media Foundation
The International Women's Media Foundation is a Washington, D.C.-based nonprofit organization to strengthen the participation of women working as journalists in every part of the world. They offer training, awards programs, and legal advice to women journalists. They have members in more than 100 countries.
Programs
The IWMF was started in 1990 to increase freedom of speech by supporting women working in the media. Their objectives are to build a network of women to share ideas, to give women the skills to become leaders, to help women expand their careers, and to honor bravery and courage with the Courage in Journalism and Lifetime Achievement Awards. The foundation sponsors several events and financial aid funds, including advanced training and grants, to assist and promote women in journalism.
Research
In 2013, the International Women’s Media Foundation studied women journalists. They found that two-thirds of women journalists in the world have experienced harassment or abuse in their work. Most of them do not report these problems because they are afraid. They also publish safety and security recommendations for women journalists.
Mōri clan
The Mōri clan was a group of Japanese samurai that originated from Ōe no Hiromoto, who was a descendant of the Fujiwara clan. One of their most famous members, Mōri Motonari, greatly increased the clan's influence in Aki Province. During the Edo period, Motonari's descendants became daimyō (feudal lords) of the Chōshū Domain under the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate. However, after the Meiji Restoration, which abolished the han system and daimyō, the Mōri clan became part of the new nobility.
References
This article incorporates text from OpenHistory.
Blairsburg, Iowa
Blairsburg is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Luis Antonio Arevalo Espadas
Luis Antonio Arevalo Espadas (born September 10, 1982 in Miguelturra) is a swimmer from Spain. He is also a student. He has a disability: He is blind and is an S13/SB13/SM13/B3 type swimmer. He raced at the 2000 Summer Paralympics. He came in third in 4 x 100 meter relay 49 Points swimming race. He raced at the 2004 Summer Paralympics. He raced at the 2008 Summer Paralympics.
Ed Stewart
Ed "Stewpot" Stewart (23 April 1941 – 9 January 2016) was a British broadcaster. He was known for his work as a DJ on BBC Radio 1 (particularly the Saturday morning Junior Choice) and BBC Radio 2 and as a presenter for Top of the Pops and Crackerjack on BBC Television.
Stewart died in Bournemouth, Dorset from a stroke at the age of 74.
Sado, Niigata
Sado (佐渡市) is a Japanese city on Sado Island (佐渡島) in Niigata Prefecture.
History
Uesugi Kagekatsu took control of the island in the late 1580s.
In the Edo period, gold was discovered on the island. The Tokugawa shogunate took direct control of it. It was administered by an official called the Sado-bugyō. Okubo Nagayasu was appointed to this position by Tokugawa Ieyasu in 1603.
In the Meiji period, the island became part of Niigata Prefecture.
Israel Kolmodin
Israel Kolmodin, born 24 December 1643, dead 19 April 1709, was a Swedish hymnwriter and Lutheran priest. He was active within the Church of Sweden. He is usually credited for having written the song Den blomstertid nu kommer.
Birmingham, Iowa
Birmingham is a city in Iowa in the United States. The population was 423 at the 2000 census
Malemort-du-Comtat
Malemort-du-Comtat is a commune of 1,203 people (1999). It is in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Vaucluse department in the south of France. During the time of the Roman Empire, the village was called "Calvia." The name Malemort means "bad death" and was probably used after the destruction of the village by the Franks. Comtat means "county", the land belonging to a count. Wine making has been carried out in region for at least 2,400 years. When wine making started again in medieval times, the Archbishop of Carpentras gave his monks a vineyard in Malemort du Comtat in 882.
The village is in the mountains, surrounded by olive and cherry trees. The city was protected by high walls and eleven towers which were built in the 12th century. Three of the gateways in the wall are still standing. The church, Notre Dame de l’Assomption, was built in the 13th century.
Oleg Protopopov
Oleg Alekseyevich Protopopov (Оле́г Алексе́евич Протопо́пов; born 16 July 1932) is a former Russian-Swiss pair skater. He was born in Leningrad, Russian SFSR.
Protopopov represented the Soviet Union. With his wife Ludmila Belousova he is a two-time Olympic champion (1964, 1968) and four-time World champion (1965–1968). In 1979 the pair defected to Switzerland and became Swiss citizens in 1995. They continued to skate at ice shows and exhibitions through their seventies.
Ramona, South Dakota
Ramona is a town in the eastern part of the U.S. state of South Dakota. It is located in Lake County, and 174 people lived there at the 2010 census.
200
Year 200 (CC) was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.
Classical unities
The classical unities, Aristotelian unities or three unities are rules for drama. They are found in Aristotle's Poetics. These are the three unities:
Edmund Beecher Wilson
Edmund Beecher Wilson (Geneva, Illinois, 19 October 1856 – 3 March 1939) was a pioneering American zoologist and cell biologist. He wrote one of the most famous textbooks in the history of modern biology, The Cell.
Blairstown, Iowa
Blairstown is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Edmund Beecher Wilson
Career
Wilson graduated from Yale in 1878. He earned his doctorate at Johns Hopkins in 1881. He was a lecturer at Williams College in 1883–84 and at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1884–85. He served as professor of biology at Bryn Mawr College from 1885 to 1891.
He spent the balance of his career at Columbia University where he was successively adjunct professor of biology (1891–94), professor of invertebrate zoology (1894–1897), and professor of zoology (from 1897).
Wilson is credited as America's first cell biologist. In 1898 he used the similarity in embryos to describe evolutionary relationships. By observing spiral cleavage in molluscs, flatworms and annelids he concluded that the same organs came from the same group of cells and concluded that all these organisms must have a common ancestor.
He also discovered the chromosomal XY sex-determination system in 1905—that males have XY and females XX sex chromosomes. Nettie Stevens independently made the same discovery the same year.
In 1907, he described, for the first time, the additional or supernumerary chromosomes, now called B-chromosomes.
Hotaka, Nagano
Hotaka (穂高町) was a town in, Nagano Prefecture, Japan.