cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Su Dingfang
Western Turks
Some Turks escaped west and became the Khazars in Russia. They did not come back.
Shoot for the Stars, Aim for the Moon
Release date
The album's fifth single "What You Know Bout Love" was released on October 30, 2020. Oliver Cannon directed the song's music video. The video was released on December 22, 2020. The song peaked at number nine on the Hot 100, giving Pop Smoke his second top-10 hit in the United States. It also reached the top-10 in Australia, Austria, Ireland, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Sweden, and Switzerland. "What You Know Bout Love" was nominated for Favorite Rap/Hip Hop Song at the 2021 American Music Awards. It won Hip-Hop Song of the Year at the 2022 iHeartRadio Music Awards. "Hello" featuring A Boogie wit da Hoodie was released as the album's sixth and final single on February 9, 2021. The song peaked at number 83 on the Hot 100 while reaching the top-80 in Austria, Canada, Ireland, and Switzerland.
Su Dingfang
Western Turks
Su presented Helu to Emperor Gaozong. Gaozong spared Helu and promoted Su to major general. He also made Su the Duke of Xing and made his son Su Qingjie (蘇慶節) the Duke of Wuyi.
Izgil
Duman (都曼) was a commander of the Izgil tribe (Old Turkic:, Chinese: Sijie 思結), under Tang rule. The Shule (疏勒), Zhujubo (朱俱波), and Yebantuo (謁般陀) were also Turkic kingdoms under Tang rule. They were around Kashgar, Xinjiang.
In 659 they rebelled against the Tang. Duman got Yutian (于田, in modern Hotan, Xinjiang).
In winter 659, Gaozong sent Su Dingfang to Xinjiang. Once Su arrived he gathered 10,000 soldiers and 3,000 horsesoldiers and made a surprise attack on Duman.
Duman was surprised, and after Su defeated Duman, Duman retreated into Yutian.
Su seiged the city, and Duman surrendered.
In spring 660, Su took Duman to the eastern capital Luoyang. Su presented Duman to Gaozong. Some wanted Duman to be executed. But Su said Duman should be spared. Gaozong said that by law, Duman should die, but he would respect Su's promise and thus spared Duman.
Tibet
The Old Tibetan Annals, written in Classical Tibetan, was discovered at Dunhuang in the early 20th century. It says Su Dingfang fought the Tibetans in 659:
"Da Rgyal Mang Po Rjes (Dayan Mangbuzhi) fought a battle with Su Dingfang of the Tang at the Dongdai 東岱 (a Tibetan regional administrative unit) of Wuhai 烏海 (southwest of Lake Qinghai). Da Rgyal was killed and his army of 80,000 men was defeated by 1,000 Tang troops."
Baekje
In spring 660, Tang was allies with Silla, in the Korean Peninsula. Silla was being attacked by Baekje so Silla asked the Tang for help. The Tang sent help.
Emperor Gaozong put Su in charge of the Silla-Tang combined army and navy. He, alongside Silla's King Muyeol, sent 100,000 soldiers to attack Baekje.
In summer 660, Su left Chengshan (成山, in modern Weihai, Shandong) and crossed the Yellow Sea to Baekje.
Baekje forces tried to prevent Tang forces from landing, but could not.
The Tang directly attacked the Baekje capital Sabi and seiged it. Baekje surrendered, and the Tang annexed Baekje.
In winter 660, Su brought prisoners to Emperor Gaozong in Luoyang. Emperor Gaozong released King Uija and the rest of the captives.
Goguryeo
By fall 661, Su seiged Goguryeo's capital Pyongyang.
By spring 662, general Pang Xiaotai (龐孝泰) was killed. The Tang withdrew.
But the Tang later came back with more troops and defeated Goguryeo in 668.
Final years
Su died in 667.
Liu Xu, the lead editor of the Old Book of Tang, said of Su:"The Duke of Xing expressed his miraculous strategies, and used forceful tactics to pacify rebels. He was able to achieve successes from the start to the end of his career. Yet the fiefs and promotions he received were too small and did not accord with the institutions of the empire. This was a regrettable oversight."
WrestleMania XXV
WrestleMania XXV (or The 25th Anniversary of WrestleMania or WrestleMania 25), was the twenty-fifth yearly WrestleMania professional wrestling Pay-per-view produced by World Wrestling Entertainment and took place on April 5, 2009 at Reliant Stadium in Houston, Texas. It was the second WrestleMania held in the state of Texas, with the first being WrestleMania X-Seven, at the Reliant Astrodome, also in Houston, which was held in 2001. The tagline for the event was "Everything is bigger in Texas, especially WrestleMania." "Cowboy" by Kid Rock was used in the first promotional advertisement for the event. While WWE calls it the 25th Anniversary, it is only the 24th anniversary as WrestleMania I cannot be an anniversary of itself.
Production
It was announced on January 30, 2009 that "War Machine" and "Shoot to Thrill", both by AC/DC, would be the theme songs for WrestleMania.
Background
Since 1993, the winner of the yearly Royal Rumble match at the event of the PPV has won the opportunity to wrestle for a World Championship at WrestleMania. The only Royal Rumble winners since 1993 that did not wrestle for a championship at WrestleMania are Steve Austin in 1997, and Vince McMahon in 1999. Randy Orton won the match in 2009 and will wrestle for a championship at WrestleMania XXV.
On the February 16 edition of Raw, Shawn Michaels challenged John "Bradshaw" Layfield to a match the following week for the right to face Undertaker at WrestleMania. Shawn won this match but was then forced to face Vladimir Kozlov for the right to face Undertaker at WrestleMania. Shawn won this match and will face The Undertaker at WrestleMania.
Money in the Bank (MITB) qualifying matches started on the February 23, 2009 edition of Raw with a triple threat match CM Punk versus John Morrison versus The Miz. CM Punk won the match and is the first of eight men to be added to the Money in the Bank ladder match. The following week on Raw, another triple threat match between Rey Mysterio, Kane and Mike Knox with the winner of this match qualifying for (winning his way into) the MITB ladder match. Kane won this match and as a result will be in the ladder match.
Mischelbach
Mischelbach is a district of Pleinfeld in Bavaria, in Central Franconia and Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen.
Dallas Willard
Dallas Albert Willard (September 4, 1935 – May 8, 2013) was an American philosopher also known for his writings on Christian spiritual formation. His work in philosophy has been primarily in phenomenology, particularly the work of Edmund Husserl. He was Professor of Philosophy at The University of Southern California.
UTC+10:30
UTC+10:30 makes clocks 10 hours and 30 minutes later than Greenwich Mean Time.
Clothing in Ancient Greece
Clothing in Ancient Greece was usually made out of big rectangular pieces of cloth. The cloth was sewn very little, or not at all. The cloth was then put around the body and held in place by belts, fibulae, or other fastenings. The cloth was made from linen or wool.
Peplos
The peplos (plural: peploi) was a garment worn by women of ancient Greece. The peplos was a large square piece of cloth. The cloth was then folded over to create a double layer, called apoptygma, in the upper part of the body. The cloth is then folded around the body, and fastened over each shoulder. The ionic or laconic peplos was open on the side of the body, while the doric peplos was sewn shut like a tube. The peplos was worn in such a way that the opening was on the right side of the body. Usually a belt was worn over the peplos. The belt could be worn over or under the apoptygma.
In Greece, the peplos was mostly worn before the 5th century.
Chiton
The chiton was made from a large square piece of cloth. It was worn by both women and men.
The doric chiton was very simple. It was made with a large piece of cloth (usually wool). The cloth was folded and put around the body. It was fastened on the shoulders using brooches and then allowed to fall into folds. A belt, often called a gurdle, was worn around the waist to hold the dress in place.
The ionic chiton was sewn like a tube. The material, usually linen, was folded and sewn with holes left for the head and arms. A belt was also worn on the Ionic style to keep it in position and to make it fall into folds from the waist down.
Himation
The himation (plural: himatia) was a big cloth that was used as a cloak. It was worn by both men and women. The himation was usually put from the back over the left shoulder; the other part of the himation was put under the right arm, and then around the front of the body. The himation was so long that it went down to the knees, or it could also be longer.
The himation was usually made from a lighter cloth, so that it was used as a cloak against warm weather.
Chlamys
The chlamys (plural: chlamydes) was a usually shorter cloak. It was a piece of cloth put over the left shoulder, and fastened over the right shoulder. The chlamys was typically worn by men or soldiers.
Women's clothing
Women in Ancient Greece wore long dresses and cloaks. They wore the peplos and chiton, and the himation.
Cosmetics and make-up
Cosmetics and make-up were not used in Ancient Greece. White lead was used to whiten the skin. White skin for women was seen as a sign of beauty. Juice made from alkanet roots was used to give the cheeks a rosy colour (like rouge). Eye shadow (probably made from ashes) was not used. Lipstick was not used. Perfumes were also important.
Male clothing
Men's clothing was even simpler than women's (if anything). The most important piece of clothing was a shorter version of the chiton, which was also belted at the waist. The top shoulder was often left bare if the man was exercising or doing hard work. The himation was also used, especially on long journeys. A long robe could also be worn with the right shoulder left uncovered. Men usually wore no clothes training for military reasons.They wore no clothes when exercising
Shoes
At home people went without shoes, but in the streets or when travelling they wore leather sandals. These were very simple and usually made to measure - the man or woman went to the cobbler's shop and put his foot on a piece of leather, and the sole was cut out round the foot. The sole was attached to the foot by leather thongs tied across the instep and round the ankle.
Mayra Flores
Mayra Nohemi Flores (born January 1, 1986) is a Mexican-born American politician. She is a member of the Republican Party. She was a member of the United States House of Representatives for TX's 34th congressional district from 2022 to 2023.
Political career
She won the special election to replace former Congressman Filemon Vela Jr. She is the first Mexican-born woman to be a member of the United States Congress.
Before her election to Congress, Flores used hashtags supporting the QAnon conspiracy theory on an Instagram post, though she has denied ever being a supporter of QAnon.
Flores lost her campaign for a full term in the November 2022 midterm elections to Democrat Vicente Gonzalez in the district that was redrawn that year. She will leave office in January 2023.
Personal life
Flores was born in Mexico to migrant farmworkers. Her family moved to the U.S. when she was six years old and she gained American citizenship at 14. She was raised in Souther Texas. Even though she was raised in a conservative Democrat immigrant family in Texas, she said she supports the Republican Party because of her anti-abortion views.
Marco Donadel
Marco Donadel (born 21 April 1983) is an Italian football player. He plays for Fiorentina.
Club career statistics
188||3 188||3
Princess Maria Gabriela of Orléans-Braganza
Princess Maria Gabriela of Brazil (Maria Gabriela Josefa Fernanda Yolanda Micaela Rafaela Gonzaga; born 8 June 1989) is a member of the Vassouras branch of the House of Orléans-Braganza, and fourth in line of succession to the Brazilian throne, daughter youngest of Antônio, Prince Imperial of Brazil and of Christine, Princess Imperial of Brazil. Living in Châteu de Beloeil, Belgium, Gabriela is relatively active in the Brazilian monarchist movement, participating in some events. Graduated in social communication and architecture, the princess is also an amateur singer with media recognition.
Early life
Princess Maria Gabriela was born in Petrópolis, in the state of Rio de Janeiro, as the youngest and only surviving son of Prince Antônio of Brazil and Princess Christine of Ligne. By his father, she is great-great-granddaughtr of Emperor Isabel of Brazil, while by his mother, she is great-granddaughter of Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg. Currently, he occupies the fourth position in the Vassouras lines of succession to the defunct Brazilian throne, which is currently lead by her uncle Luiz, Prince of Brazil.
Monarchical work
The Princess often attends some monarchical events such as the National Monarchical Meeting and smaller meetings, as well as masses with her parents. Part of the reason for her move to Europe is related to the quest for a prince to marry her and thus maintain her dynastic rights. According to some sources, there was an engagement between the Brazilian Princess and Prince Michel of Bourbon-Parma, from the Ducal House of Bourbon-Parma, which ruled the Duchy of Parma but nothing was confirmed.
Name origin
Her full name is Maria Gabriela Josefa Fernanda Yolanda Micaela Rafaela Gonzaga of Orleans and Bragança Ligne. The names "Maria" and "Jose" (Josefa) are in the names of the members of the whole family in honor of the Virgin Mary and Saint Joseph, as well as "Miguel" (Micaela), "Rafael" (Rafaela) and "Gabriel" (Gabriela), in devotion to the archangels. "Fernanda" (Fernando) and "Yolanda", in this case, are the names of the princess's godparents, Prince Fernando of Orléans-Braganza and Archduchess Yolande of Austria.
Honors
As member of the House of Orléans-Braganza, she is recipient of the following orders:
Gilles Deleuze
Gilles Deleuze (, "zheel duh-LOOZ"); 18 January 1925 – 4 November 1995) was a French philosopher. He wrote about philosophy, literature, movie, and art. His most popular books were the two parts of Capitalism and Schizophrenia. The first part is called Anti-Oedipus (1972), and the second part is called A Thousand Plateaus (1980). Both books were written with his academic partner Félix Guattari. He also wrote Difference and Repetition (1968). Some people think that he is among the greatest philosophers. His work is considered very important in philosophy and art, including literary theory, semiotics, poststructuralism, and postmodernism.
Life
Deleuze was born in Paris and lived there most of his life. He went to school during World War II and later studied philosophy and history at the University of Paris. He started teaching philosophy in 1948, and taught at several universities. He married Denise Paul "Fanny" Grandjouan in 1956.
Deleuze worked at the University of Vincennes in Saint-Denis from 1969 to 1987. There he became friends and worked with Michel Foucault and Félix Guattari.
He had a lung removed in 1968 because he had tuberculosis. It was difficult for him to breathe for the rest of his life. He died by committing suicide in 1995.
Polsingen
Polsingen is a municipality in Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen in Bavaria, Germany.
UTC−03:30
UTC−03:30 makes clocks 3 hours and 30 minutes earlier than Greenwich Mean Time.
Tommy Mottola
Thomas Daniel "Tommy" Mottola (born July 14, 1948) is a music executive, producer and author. He is currently the Chairman of Mottola Media Group and previously the Chairman & CEO of Sony Music Entertainment, parent of the Columbia label, for nearly 15 years. He is married to the Mexican actress and singer Thalía.
Early career
Mottola was born in The Bronx, New York. He graduated from Iona Grammar School in 1962 and Iona Preparatory School in New Rochelle, New York in 1966. He briefly attended Hofstra University in Hempstead, New York before dropping out. He initially had aspirations of a music career, and released with CBS Records, but his singing career was short-lived.
Wishing to stay in the industry, Mottola started Champion Entertainment Organization Inc. to manage other artists. While working at the Chappell music-publishing company, he became the mentor to Philadelphia-based soul/rock performers Daryl Hall and John Oates.
His belief in the duo led him to push them relentlessly to do appearances and advertising promotions, including some of the first specialized music videos and one of the first modern "sponsored tours," for Beech-Nut's Care Free Gum, Panasonic, and Pontiac.
Hall & Oates paid tribute to him in their track "Gino (the Manager)" on their self-titled 1975 RCA release, better known as the Silver Album. Mottola also figured—this time, being mentioned by name—in "Cherchez La Femme," the 1976 dance hit by another Mottola act, Dr. Buzzard's Original Savannah Band. ("Tommy Mottola / Lives on the road ...")
Brisbane rock band Regurgitator wrote a tribute song to him called "I Love Tommy Mottola" for their 1999 album "...Art".
CBS
In 1987, Mottola was chosen to run CBS Records at the age of 37.
Soon afterward, Sony Corporation closed on its deal to buy the CBS Records group unit from CBS, naming him President and CEO of the music division, where he succeeded his former mentor Walter Yetnikoff, who had originally brought Mottola into CBS. Mottola served as Chairman and CEO Sony Music Entertainment.
Sony
During his tenure, he transformed Sony into one of the most successful global music companies, expanding its businesses into over 60 countries, while creating one of the strongest management teams in the industry. He revitalized Sony Music's publishing division by making such acquisitions as the Beatles catalogue and enabled Sony to become the first major music company to make available commercial digital downloads. He is widely well known for signing, developing, and nurturing the careers of Mariah Carey, Celine Dion, Destiny's Child, Jennifer Lopez, Shakira, Gloria Estefan, the Dixie Chicks, Marc Anthony, Barbra Streisand, Bruce Springsteen, Billy Joel, among others. He also worked with Michael Jackson from the time he began recording his "Dangerous" (1991) album. Jackson would later state that his relationship with Mottola dissolved based on corruption in his working practices, publicly referring to him as a "racist" and "devil". "The recording companies really, really do conspire against the artists." Jackson said.(source: Vh1).
Ahmad Alasgarov
Ahmad Latifovich Alasgarov (Əhməd Lətif oğlu Ələsgərov, Ахмед Лятифович Алескеров; born 5 October 1935 – 19 May 2015) was an Azerbaijani footballer and manager. He played as a defender from 1955 until 1965. He managed nine teams between 1966 and 2006, including the Azerbaijan national football team. He was born in Baku.
Tommy Mottola
Thalía
Mottola later went on to date other stars before dating Mexican singer Thalía, whom he married December 2, 2000. They have a daughter together, Sabrina Sakaë (Oct 7, 2007). Their second child, a son, Matteo Alejandro was born on June 25th 2011. He also is credited with creating the Latin Explosion in popular music by championing such Sony artists as Marc Anthony, Ricky Martin, Jennifer Lopez and Gloria Estefan. Additionally, Mottola was the architect for some of Sony's biggest global brands such as Celine Dion and Mariah Carey. During his 15-year tenure, Mottola built Sony up from a company with revenues of 800 million dollars a year to one with over 6 billion dollars of annual revenue by the year 2000. In June 2010, he decided to sell his Ranch in Colorado, for an amount of 27.5 million dollars, as he was not spending time in it anymore and wanted to be closer to his family.
Ahmad Alasgarov
Alasgarov died after a long illness on 19 May 2015 in Odessa, Ukraine, aged 79.
Tommy Mottola
After Sony
Tommy Mottola was the head of Sony Music Entertainment until January 2003. Since leaving his post as chief of Sony Music, Mottola has been building a new entertainment company, complete with recorded music, television production, theater, and fashion, alongside a branding and management company launching. He was instrumental in re-launching the various careers of such artists as Grammy winner and Latin pop star Marc Anthony, and teen sensation Lindsay Lohan. Later signings included Cassie Ventura in 2006 and Mika, who in 2007 had a #1 single in the UK.
UTC−03:30
These are the places who are on the UTC−03:30 time zone.
Actinidiaceae
The Actinidiaceae are a family of around 360 species of plants in the Ericales order. The most important genus is Actinidia, the kiwifruits.
Tommy Mottola
After Sony
Mottola bought out the rights to Casablanca Records (a then-diminished imprint of Polygram), and resurrected it, signing actress Lindsay Lohan, and singer Mika.
Philanthropy
Known also for his many philanthropic activities, Mottola has served on the Board of Directors of the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, the Police Athletic League of New York City, T.J. Martell Foundation for Cancer, Leukemia and AIDS Research, the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Foundation and Museum, and the Federal Law Enforcement Foundation.
Cultural references
The character of Gene Balboa in the Channel 101 Internet TV Series Yacht Rock is loosely based on Mottola, in particular his time as manager of Hall and Oates.
The Australian band Regurgitator include the song "i love tommy mottola" on their 1999 album "...art".
Arkansas Razorbacks
The Arkansas Razorbacks, also known as the Hogs, are the name of the sports teams at the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville, Arkansas.
Andreas Brehme
Andreas Brehme (born 9 November 1960) is a former German football player. He has played for Germany national team.
Club career statistics
373||53 116||10 24||1 513||64
International career statistics
!Total||86||8
2017 South Korean presidential election
The 19th South Korean presidential election was held on 9 May 2017. The election was called after the impeachment and dismissal of President Park Geun-hye. The election was held in a single round on a first-past-the-post basis.
The election was originally scheduled to be held on 20 December 2017, but was moved earlier after the decision of the Constitutional Court on 10 March 2017 to uphold the parliament's impeachment of Park Geun-hye.
West Sepik tree frog
The West Sepik tree frog (Litoria leucova) is a small frog from Papua New Guinea. Scientists saw it 1600 meters above sea level in West Sepik Province.
Chiriku Hachiman-gū
Chiriku Hachiman-gū (千栗八幡宮), also known as Chiriku Hachiman jinja (千栗八幡神社), is a Japanese Shinto shrine in Miyaki, Saga Prefecture.
History
Chiriku Hachiman-gū was the chief Shinto shrine (ichinomiya) of Hizen Province. It is a chief shrine of Saga Prefecture and Nagasaki Prefecture.
In 1940, the shrine was recognized in the system of State Shinto. It was ranked among the most significant shrines or Kokuhei Shōsha (国幣小社) which included 50 sanctuaries.
Kamini Kaushal
Kamini Kaushal (born Uma Kashyap; 24 February 1927) is an Indian actress. She acted in Neecha Nagar (1946) and Biraj Bahu (1955), both of which won her acting awards. Recently, she acted in Chennai Express (2013) and the romantic drama Kabir Singh (2019).
Cliché
A cliché, in English is a phrase which is used too much. Originally, the word meant (in French) a stereotype plate, which is a term in printing.
X Factor
The X Factor could mean:
Cliché
A cliché is a stock expression used again and again. It has "lost its freshness and vigour through overuse, and suggests insincerity, lack of thought or laziness on the part of the writer".
Examples
Style guides advise writers to avoid clichés.
Lanna
Lanna is a locality in both Lekeberg Municipality and Örebro Municipality in Örebro County in Sweden. In 2010, 537 people lived there.
James Mitchell
Sir James Mitchell (27 April 1866 – 26 July 1951) was the 13th Premier of Western Australia from 17 May 1919 to 15 April 1924 and again from 24 April 1930 to 24 April 1933. He was from the Nationalist Party. After he was Premier he became the acting Governor of Western Australia until 1948 when he was made the Governor. He retired as Governor one month before he died. The Mitchell Freeway, one of the major roads in Perth (the capital city of Western Australia), is named after him.
Toaripi Lauti
Sir Toaripi Lauti (28 November 1928 – 25 May 2014) was a Tuvaluan politician. He was chief minister of the Colony of Tuvalu (1975–78), as the first prime minister following Tuvalu's independence (1978-1981) and governor-general of Tuvalu (1990-1993).
Pleinfeld
Pleinfeld is a Franconian municipality and market town in Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen in Bavaria. It is in the Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg and in the Franconian Lake District.
Geography
Pleinfeld is in central Bavaria, in the south of the administrative region Middle Franconia. The municipal area borders on the neighbouring Bavarian district Roth. Neighbouring townships are Pfofeld, Ellingen, Ettenstatt, Höttingen, Absberg, Spalt, Heideck and Röttenbach. The landscape is hilly and forested.
Pleinfeld is on the rivers Swabian Rezat and Arbach, 8 km north of Weißenburg in Bayern, and 45 km south of Nuremberg. Other rivers in the municipality area are Brombach river and Banzerbach river, both tributary of the Swabian Rezat. The town's altitude is about 382 m above sea level. The highest point of the municipality is near Dorsbrunn, 505 m asl. Pleinfeld is the biggest town near the Großer Brombachsee, a lake in the Franconian Lake District. Pleinfeld is also next to the most northern part of the Altmühl Valley Nature Park.
Administrative subdivisions
Pleinfeld has 35 subdivisions:
Twin towns and cities
Pleinfeld is twinned with:
Local Dialect
The local dialect of the region is East Franconian German, referred to in German as Fränkisch, with Pleinfeld being at the southern point of its extension. Traveling south, people speak Bavarian German and Alemannic German dialects.
Jaffa orange
The Jaffa orange is an orange variety with few seeds. and a tough skin. Because of these features, the variety can be exported easily. German Templers first grew these oranges in the late 19th century, they also introduced the name. The variety is also known by its Arabic name, Shamouti orange. Today the variety is practically extinct.
Palestinian farmers developed these oranges, in the mid 19th century. The oranges take their name from the city of Jaffa where they were first produced for export. Today, Jaffa is a a part of Tel Aviv. The orange was the main citrus export for the city. Together the navel and bitter orange, it is one of three main varieties of the fruit grown in the Mediterranean, Southern Europe, and the Middle East. The Jaffa is also cultivated in Cyprus, Iraq, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan and Turkey.
Jaffa oranges produce very little juice.
Raitenbuch
Raitenbuch is a municipality in Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen in Bavaria, Germany.
Jaffa orange
These oranges are very cold-tolerant, allowing them to grow outside of the subtropical regions normally associated with growing oranges. 'Jaffa' oranges are affected by certain types of fungus, and are prone to alternate bearing.
History
Located between Africa, western Asia, and Europe, Palestine produced a number of commodities for export throughout the late Turkish period (1200–1900 CE). Among these were Nabulsi soap, sugar, barley, oranges, and cotton. Though cotton left its mark throughout the region, the only commodity that remains a symbol of production in Palestine is the 'Jaffa' orange.
Torrington, Connecticut
Torrington is a city in the U.S. state of Connecticut.
Jaffa orange
History
The 'Jaffa' orange was a new variety. Arab farmers developed it, after it emerged as a mutation on a tree of the 'Baladi' variety near the city of Jaffa, in the 19th century. While the sour orange (C. aurantium) was brought westward from China and India by local traders, who may have introduced it to Sicily and Spain, the 'Jaffa' orange was developed from the sweet orange (C. sinensis) which was brought from China to the Mediterranean region by Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama in 1498.
After the Crimean War (1853–56), the most important innovation in local agriculture was the rapid expansion of citrus cultivation. One of the varieties often cultivated was the Jaffa (Shamouti) orange. A mention of an export of these oranges to Europe first appears in British consular reports in the 1850s. One factor cited in the growth of the export market was the development of steamships in the first half of the 19th century. These made it possible to export oranges to the European markets in days rather than weeks. Another reason for the growth of the industry was that the Europeans had less control over the cultivation of oranges compared to cotton, which used to be grown in Palestine, but was often replacedby the Jaffa orange.
Exports grew from 200,000 oranges in 1845 to 38 million oranges by 1870. Most of the citrus plantations of this time were owned by wealthy Palestinian merchants and notables. A citrus plantation requitred large amounts of capital, and at the start there is no yield for several years. This made it very difficult for small farmers to grow citrus fruits, on a large scale. Fruits with the "Jaffa orange" label were first marketed in Sarona, a German Templer colony established in 1871. An 1872 account of Jaffa by a European traveller notes that, "Surrounding Jaffa are the orange gardens for which it is justly extolled, and which are a considerable source of wealth to the owners. The annual value of fruits grown in Jaffa was said to be 10,000 pounds." In the 1880s, an American grower, H.S. Sanford, tried to cultivate the 'Jaffa' orange in Florida. The prosperity of the orange industry brought increased European interest and involvement in the development of 'Jaffa'. In 1902, a study of the growth of the orange industry by Zionist officials outlined the different Palestinian owners and their primary export markets as England, Turkey, Egypt and Austria-Hungary. While the traditional Arabic cultivation methods were considered "primitive," an in-depth study of the financial expenditure involved reveals that they were ultimately more cost-efficient than the Zionist-European enterprises that followed them some two decades later.
The Zionists who immigrated to Palestine introduced the advanced cultivation methods that spurred the 'Jaffa' orange industry. According to the Hope Simpson Enquiry of 1930, "The cultivation of the orange, introduced by the Arabs before the [beginning] of Jewish settlement, has developed [a lot] [as a] consequence of that settlement. There is no doubt that the pitch of perfection to which the technique of plantation and cultivation of the orange and grapefruit have been brought in Palestine is due to the scientific methods of the Jewish agriculturist." Partnerships in growing and exporting these oranges was an example of Arab-Jewish cooperation despite rising political tensions.
At the end of 1928, Jews owned 30,000 dunams of the country's 60,000 dunams of orange orchards. Whereas before World War I, the price of a dunam of land in a fruitful orange grove was 50-75 pounds sterling, by 1929, the same groves were selling for 150-200 pounds sterling.
By 1939, Jewish-owned and Arab-owned orange orchards in Palestine covered 75000 acre, employed over 100,000 workers, and their produce was a primary export. During World War II (1939–1945) citrus-growing declined, but recovered after the war with the vigorous assistance of the British Mandate authorities.
Legacy
Jaffa oranges are harvested in the Israeli territories and the Palestinian territories between November and March, with the marketing season beginning in September and extending through April. More than half the annual crop is exported, and Israel is a main provider of other citrus fruits to the European Union. In the 1950s and 1960s, Jaffa oranges became emblems of the Israeli state. A general decline in the importance of agriculture to the Israeli economy, extreme limits on available water resources, and the reliance on migrant workers have reduced productivity. Even though, manufacturing industries, such as diamonds and precision instruments, are more imprtant today,  Israel still exports a large number of citrus fruits to Europe.
The 'Jaffa' orange is also known for lending the city of Tel Aviv-Yafo the nickname "Big Orange".
Electoral district of Monaro
Monaro is an electoral district of New South Wales. It was created in 1859, abolished 1920 and recreated in 1927.
It is considered a bellwether seat, meaning it is usually won by the party that forms government (either in a minority or a majority).
Judith Light
Judith Ellen Light (February 9 1949 in Trenton, New Jersey) is an American stage and television actress who has been featured in multiple soap operas and sitcoms. She acted in sitcoms such as Who's the Boss?, Ugly Betty and Law & Order: Special Victims Unit.
Beuningen
There is a restored windmill in the town, De Haag.
Kelly Osbourne
Kelly Michelle Lee Osbourne (born 27 October 1984, in London) is an English singer and actress. She is the daughter of the singer Ozzy Osbourne.
Osborne is one of the co-presenters in the E! programme Fashion Police. She also presents a programme on BBC Radio 1 called The Surgery on Sunday evening. Her duet song with her father, singer Ozzy Osbourne, "Changes", received much praise.
Poutine
Poutine is a dish from Quebec, Canada that has French fries and cheese curds, covered with brown gravy or sauce. Sometimes more ingredients are added.
Canadian Urban Institute
The Canadian Urbanism Institute is a scientific research institute in Toronto, Ontario, in Canada. The institute was established in 1990.
Saint-Gilles, Gard
Saint-Gilles is a commune. It is in Occitanie in the Gard department in south France.
The abbey of Saint-Gilles was founded during the 7th century traditionally by the hermit Saint Giles (Latin: Ægidius).
It was the birthplace of Guy Foulques, Pope Clement IV (died 1268), whose birth house is now a museum of the archaeology, ethnology and ornithology of the Camargue.
Twin towns
Saint-Gilles is twinned with:
Miami Dolphins
The Miami Dolphins is an American football club in the National Football League team based in Miami, Florida. The Dolphins began playing in 1966 and in 1972 they had the only perfect season in NFL history and won a Super Bowl, with Bob Griese leading the team as quarterback. The other Super Bowl win came a year later, in 1973. Another quarterback, Dan Marino, is a more recent famous player from this club. The Miami Dolphins stadium is Hard Rock Stadium in Miami Gardens, Fl.
Tower house
A tower house is a tower that has been built for two purposes: First, it has been built so that it is easy to defend, and secondly, it serves as living quarters. Tower houses first appeared in the Middle Ages, in mountainous or limited access areas. They were built there to both command and defend strategic points with a small force. At the same time, they were also used as an aristocrat's residence. Very often, a castle town was constructed around these houses.
Tak and the Power of Juju
Tak and the Power of Juju is a 2003 3D platform video game made by THQ and Avalanche Software for the PlayStation 2, Nintendo GameCube and Game Boy Advance. It had two sequel games in 2004 and 2005 before it became a Nicktoon in 2007.
Plot
Tak of the Pupanunu people was called by the great shaman Jibolba to free Lok from his imprisonment by summoning the Juju.
West Haven, Connecticut
West Haven is a city in Connecticut in the United States.
Karl-Heinz Riedle
Karl-Heinz Riedle (born 16 September, 1965) is a former German football player. He has played for Germany national team.
Club career statistics
287||103 84||30 95||17 466||150
International career statistics
!Total||42||16
Counties of Romania
The judeţe (translated in English as "counties") are administrative units of Romania.
The following is a complete list of all the counties in Romania:
Source: http://www.recensamantromania.ro/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/Comunicat_DATE_PROVIZORII_RPL_2011_.pdf
Nonlinear system
In mathematics and science, a nonlinear system is a system, where the change of the output is not proportional to the change of the input. In nature, most systems are non-linear.
Nonlinear problems are interesting to engineers, biologists,  physicists,  mathematicians, and many other scientists. In nature, most systems are nonlinear. Nonlinear dynamical systems, describe changes in variables over time. Such systems may appear chaotic, unpredictable, or counterintuitive. Linear systems are much simpler.
Nonlinear dynamical equations are difficult to solve. For this reason, they are commonly approximated using linear equations. If only limited accuracy or a range of the input values is required, this works well. The problem is that it hides interesting phenomena such as solitons, chaos, and singularities.
Although such chaotic behavior may appear random, it is in fact not random. For example, some aspects of the weather are seen to be chaotic, where simple changes in one part of the system produce complex effects throughout. This nonlinearity is one of the reasons why accurate long-term forecasts are impossible with current technology.
Samantha Morton
Samantha Morton (born 13 May 1977) is an English actress. She was born in Nottingham. She has been nominated for many major awards for her acting. She began acting in 1991, although it was 2000 when she received recognition from worldwide. In particular she has been in movies, including Sweet and Lowdown (1999) and Minority Report (2002).
Nonlinear system
"Using a term like nonlinear science is like referring to the bulk of zoology as the study of non-elephant animals."
Winsted, Connecticut
Winsted is a city in Connecticut in the United States.
Daniel (name)
Daniel [ dan-yuhl ] is a Hebrew given name for males and a surname. It means, "GOD IS MY JUDGE".
This name was ranked #16 on the US Popular Male Names in 2021.
Blockhouse
In military science, a blockhouse is a small fortification. It usually has one or more rooms with loopholes, allowing its defenders to fire rifles or handguns in various directions. It usually refers to an isolated fort in the form of a single building. It serves as a defensive strong point against any enemy that does not possess siege equipment or, in modern times, artillery. A fortification intended to resist these weapons is more likely to qualify as a fortress or a redoubt.
In modern times, it may be a pillbox, a small underground bunker. However, a blockhouse may also refer to a room within a larger fortification, usually a battery or redoubt. The term "blockhouse" is of uncertain origin, perhaps related to Middle Dutch blokhus and 18th-century French blocus (blockade).
Rodney Slater (musician)
Rodney Desborough Slater (born on the 8th of November 1941) is an English comedic musician. He is best known for being a member of The Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band.
Capharnaüm
Capharnaüm is a 2018 Lebanese drama movie directed by Nadine Labaki (who also stars) and also starring Zain Al Rafeea, Yordanos Shiferaw, Boluwatife Treasure Bankole, Kawthar Al Haddad, Fadi Kamel Youssef. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 2019.
Henri Camara
Henri Camara (born 10 May 1977) is a Senegalese football player. He has played for Senegal national team.
2012 Atlantic hurricane season
The 2012 Atlantic hurricane season was an above average season in terms of ACE and damage but most storms were week and short lived. It was theevent that occurs when tropical cyclones develop in the Atlantic basin. The season began when Tropical Storm Alberto formed on May 19, 2012. Four days later, Tropical Storm Beryl developed. It became a subtropical storm and on May 27, was upgraded to a tropical storm. This is the first time since the 1908 Atlantic hurricane season that two storms formed before the official start date. The 2012 Atlantic hurricane season began on June 1 and ended on November 30, 2012. There were no storms formed in the month of July.
Theilenhofen
Theilenhofen is a municipality in Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen in Bavaria, Germany.
Henri Camara
Club career statistics
43||20||||||||||||||43||20 59||22||||||||||||||59||22 125||31||4||3||9||3||colspan="2"|-||138||37 18||8||1||0||1||0||6||0||26||8 245||81||5||3||10||3||6||0||266||87
2012 Atlantic hurricane season
Tropical Storm Alberto
Tropical Storm Alberto formed on May 19, 2012. It became an "early season storm" because it formed before the official start of the season. Tropical Storm Alberto dissipated on May 22 without making landfall. Its maximun sustatined winds were at 60 miles per hour.
Tropical Storm Beryl
Tropical Storm Beryl developed. It became a subtropical storm and on May 27, was upgraded to a tropical storm. It hit Jacksonville, Florida.
Tropical Storm Debby
This system became the record earliest 4th storm, which was broken in 2012. The storm made landfall in Florida, and caused bad flooding. Ten people died.
Storm names
The following names were used for named storms in the North Atlantic in 2012. The names not retired from this list was used again in the 2018 season. This is the same list used in the 2006 season. The names Kirk, Oscar, Patty, Rafael, Sandy, and Tony were used for Atlantic storms for the first time in 2012. Kirk replaced Keith after 2000, but was not used in 2006.
Retirement
On April 11, 2013 the name "Sandy" was retired due to the damage and deaths it caused. Sandy was replaced with "Sara" for the 2018 Atlantic hurricane season, Sara wasn't used in 2018.
University of Cambridge
The University of Cambridge (also called Cambridge University) is in Cambridge, England. It is the second-oldest university in all English-speaking countries. It is one of the world's leading places of learning. The University started as a group of scholars in the city of Cambridge. This may have started in 1209 when scholars left Oxford after a fight with local people. The universities of Oxford and Cambridge are often called Oxbridge. This is not a different university. It is a way of saying Oxford and Cambridge together. Cambridge University and Oxford University are both crucial to the history of England.
Bobby Pulido
Bobby Pulido better known as Bobby (born April 25, 1971) is an American Tejano singer. He has released many albums. Pulido has won awards such as "Album of the Year" and "Song of the Year" at the Tejano Music Awards. In 2011, he released a clothing line under his name.
University of Cambridge
Cambridge is usually ranked in the world's top five universities. UK rankings and tests on the quality of its research also rate it very highly. Cambridge has more than 18,000 students and many sports clubs and societies.
Many important people studied at the University of Cambridge, including scientists, poets, artists, politicians and members of the British Royal Family. 121 former students and staff from Cambridge later won a Nobel Prize.
History
The official creation of the University was in 1231 when King Henry III of England gave people the right to teach students and lower taxes. A letter from Pope Gregory IX in 1233 also gave the right to everyone who got a degree from Cambridge to teach in any place in the Christian world.
In 1290, Pope Nicholas IV called Cambridge a studium generale (name for a university in Medieval times). From that point, many researchers and teachers from other European universities started to come to Cambridge to work or give lessons.
Building the colleges
Colleges started as places for students and teachers to live. They were called hostels at first. The students paid money to build and run these hostels. All colleges were formed after the beginning of the University. Over the years, colleges bought all of these hostels back. However, some old names still resist today, such as Garret Hostel Lane which was named after Garret Hostel.
Peterhouse was the first official college to be created in 1284. Many followed over the centuries and today there are 31. The last one, Robinson, was built in the 1970s. Many of these have a chapel because the members should have prayed for the soul of the founders (the people who created the college).
Mathematics and Physics
Cambridge has been strong in applied mathematics since Isaac Newton was a student here in the 17th century. Every student had to study maths to obtain a degree. The degree was awarded as a Bachelor of Arts which mixed both arts and science subjects. Several important early physicists studied at Cambridge. They include James Clerk Maxwell, Lord Kelvin and Lord Rayleigh. Pure mathematics was slower to catch up, but Cambridge is still famous for it thanks to people like G.H. Hardy.
Important discoveries
People at the University of Cambridge have made many important scientific discoveries. These are some of the best-known ones:
Women's education
For many years only men were allowed to study at Cambridge. In 1869 Girton, the first college for women was built. Women could take exams from 1882, but only in 1948 did they start to be considered full members of the university. For a certain time, they even received ad eundem degrees (degrees from a University you have not studied at, but you deserve) from the University of Dublin.
Over the years, more women-only colleges were built, until in 1972 Churchill was the first one to become mixed. Many others followed, and in 1988 Magdalene was the last men-only college to open to women. However, there are still some colleges for women only. Cambridge is the only university that still has this characteristic. All other universities in the UK, including Oxford, now have only mixed colleges.
Myths, legends and traditions
Since it is very old, the University has many legends and traditions. These are often passed on by older students to the younger ones. Tour guides also tell these stories to tourists.
Another tradition is that the King's College choir sings the Nine Lessons and Carols church service. This is recorded by the BBC and sent around the world since 1928 by the radio. From 1954 it can also be seen on television. Many people watch it on Christmas Eve in Great Britain.