cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
2011 Copa América
The 2011 Copa América (also known as the  2011 Campeonato Sudamericano Copa América or Copa América 2011 Argentina) was the 43rd Copa América. The tournament was organized by CONMEBOL, which is the main association football body in South America. The tournament went from 1 July to 24 July 2011.
Uruguay won the tournament over Paraguay. Paraguay was known for going to the final without winning a single game. Because Uruguay won the tournament, they were allowed to play in the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup. Peru finished at 3rd place after defeating Venezuela.
Teams
Japan and Mexico were both invited to the tournament. After some controversy that was brought up by UEFA, Mexico were only allowed to bring their Under-23 Olympic Team to the tournament.
People thought that Japan wouldn't be in the tournament because of the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami. However, Japan said that they will still be in the tournament. They decided to leave the tournament on 4 April 2011, because the games would get in the way of some J. League Division 1 matches. Even though Japan then decided to play in the tournament, and send some European-based players instead, they still decided to leave on May 16 because some European clubs didn't want to send their players away. On the next day, CONMEBOL sent a request to the North American team of Costa Rica, and Costa Rica then accepted the invite.
The teams below were in the tournament:
McCracken County, Kentucky
McCracken County is a county in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2010 census, the population was 65,565. Its county seat is Paducah.
Isle of Wight County, Virginia
Isle of Wight County is a county in the U.S. state of Virginia. As of the 2010 census, 35,270 people lived there. Its county seat is Isle of Wight.
Kuala Lumpur Dragons
The Westports Malaysia Dragons are a team in the ASEAN Basketball League. They are based in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. They were previously known as the Kuala Lumpur Dragons and Westports KL Dragons. They are coached by Goh Cheng Huat. They play home games in the MABA stadium.
Sharpie
Sharpie is a line of permanent marker pens in the United States that are manufactured by Newell Brands.
Sharpie markers are made with many tips. The most common and popular is the Fine tip. Other tips include Ultra Fine Point, Extra Fine Point, Brush tip, Chisel tip, and Retractable tip.
Macumba
Macumba is one of the Afro-Brazilian religion that mixes Umbanda, Quimbanda, Candomblé and other religions, in Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo and specially Bahia, Brazil, where those religions were born.
Forney, Texas
Forney is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
Sota Hirayama
Sota Hirayama (平山 相太) is a former Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Hirayama was born in Kitakyushu on June 6, 1985. After dropped out from University of Tsukuba, he joined Dutch Eredivisie club Heracles Almelo in summer 2005. he played many matches and scored 8 goals. In September 2006, he returned to Japan and signed with J1 League club FC Tokyo. He played many matches and FC Tokyo won the champions in the 2009 J.League Cup. However FC Tokyo was relegated to J2 League end of the 2010 season. In April 2011, he also broke his leg and he could only play one game. In 2012, the club returned to J1, however he broke his leg again in May and he could hardly play in the match. From 2013 he played many matches as substitute. He moved to Vegalta Sendai in 2017. However he got hurt on the day after the opening game. He could not play for the injury in this season. In January 2018, he announced his retirement for many injuries.
In November 2003, when Hirayama was 18 years old, he was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2003 World Youth Championship. He played 4 matches and scored 2 goals. In 2004, he was selected for the Japan U-23 national team for 2008 Summer Olympics and played one game. In 2005, he played for U-20 Japan at 2005 World Youth Championship again. He played all 4 matches and score one goal. In January 2010, he was selected the Japan national team for 2011 Asian Cup qualification. At this qualification, he debuted against Yemen on January 6. He scored a hat trick to help Japan to a 3–2 victory. It was the first time in 80 years and the second time overall for a Japan player to score three goals on his debut. Takeo Wakabayashi last managed that in 1930. He played 4 games and scored 3 goals for Japan in 2010.
Union representative
A union representative, union steward or shop steward is an employee of an organization or company who represents and defends the interests of her/his fellow employees but who also works for a trades union.
Sota Hirayama
Statistics
32||8||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||32||8 169||33||20||13||39||10||3||0||231||56 201||41||20||13||39||10||3||0||263||64
Union representative
Ordinary members of the union are elected to this position by fellow workers or sometimes by appointment of a higher union body. While working as a representative, they keep their role as an employee of the company.
As a result, the union steward becomes an important link and source of information between the union leadership and ordinary workers.
Elio Berhanyer
Elio Berenguer Úbeda, known as Elio Berhanyer (20 February 1929 – 24 January 2019) was a Spanish fashion designer. He won several prizes in his career. His designs were worn by actresses such as Ava Gardner and Cyd Charisse and royals like Queen Sofía and Infanta Pilar. He was born in Córdoba, Andalusia, Spain.
Sota Hirayama
Statistics
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Elio Berhanyer
He also designed uniforms for Iberia airline, RTVE and the hostesses for the 1982 FIFA World Cup. He taught Fashion at the University of Córdoba.
He died in Madrid on 24 January 2019 at aged 89.
Britney Spears
Britney Jean Spears (born December 2, 1981) is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actress. She has recorded several albums and has received several entertainment industry awards.
Early life
Britney Jean Spears was born on December 2, 1981. Her parents are Lynne Irene (née Bridges) and James Parnell Spears. She grew up in Kentwood, Louisiana. One of Spears's maternal great-great-grandfathers was Maltese. Her siblings are Bryan James and Jamie Lynn. She was the middle of three children.
Personal life
On January 3, 2004, Spears married her childhood friend Jason Allen Alexander in Las Vegas, Nevada. The marriage was annulled 55 hours later.
On September 18, 2004, she married Kevin Federline. The couple have two sons, Sean Preston Spears Federline (born September 14, 2005) and Jayden James Spears Federline (born September 12, 2006). Two months after giving birth to her second son, Spears filed for divorce from Federline. In September 2007, she lost some custody of her sons, Sean Preston and Jayden James, to her ex-husband, Federline. At the beginning of January 2008, she lost again the full custody of her children after a mental breakdown. In February 2008, Spears' father took control of her estate. She is currently has 50/50 custody of her two sons.
Her father Jamie has been one of her conservators since 2008. Fans have participated in a movement known as #FreeBritney to raise awareness about Spears' conservatorship arrangement. In 2021, Spears spoke in a courtroom hearing, revealing that she felt controlled by the "abusive" arrangement, in ways such as having an IUD to prevent pregnancy, despite wanting to have another child. She was also sent to a rehab center and was prescribed lithium. Spears also claimed that she did not know she could ask for this conservatorship to be canceled. In July, Spears hired a new lawyer, who filed a petition for Jamie to be removed as a conservator. August of that year, it was revealed that Jamie Spears showed interest in stepping down as one of Britney's conservators.
Spears stated in 2012 that she has attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Spears has been in a relationship with model and fitness coach Sam Asghari since her music video Slumber Party. On April 11, 2022, she announced that she was pregnant with her third child, Asghari's first. A month later, on May 14, the couple announced that Spears had suffered a miscarriage.
On June 9, 2022, she and Asghari were married.
Professional life
Spears appeared on the 1993–1994 season of the children's television series, The All New Mickey Mouse Club. In 1997, she signed with Jive Records. Her first and second studio albums ...Baby One More Time (1999, the best-selling album by a teenage solo artist) and Oops!... I Did It Again (2000) became great successes. Their title tracks broke sales records around the world.
Spears' fifth album Blackout was released in 2007.
On September 17, 2013 "Work Bitch" was released as the first single from Spears' eighth album Britney Jean.
In November 2017, her first watercolor painting sold for $10,000 in Las Vegas.
Albums
Spears has made nine studio albums:
Antonio Marchesano
Antonio Marchesano (7 November 1930 – 24 January 2019) was a Uruguayan lawyer and politician. He was born in Montevideo. Marchesano was President of the Chamber of Deputies from 1985 to 1986 and Interior Minister from 1986 to 1989.
Marchesano died on 24 January 2019 in Montevideo from lung cancer, aged 88.
Plainfield
Plainfield is the name of several places
Toho Company, Ltd.
Toho Company, Ltd. (東宝株式会社. Tōhō Kabushiki-Kaisha) is a Japanese film studio. It is headquartered in Chiyoda, Tokyo, and is one of the core companies of the Hankyu Hanshin Toho Group. In the West, it is best known as the producer of many kaiju and tokusatsu movies, the films of Akira Kurosawa, and the anime films of Studio Ghibli, as well as the Pokémon movies.
The company's most famous creation, the Godzilla franchise, was created by Tomoyuki Tanaka.
History
Toho was founded by the Hankyu Railway in 1932 as the Tokyo-Takarazuka Theater Company by industrialist Ichizō Kobayashi. It managed much of the kabuki in Tokyo and, among other properties, the Tokyo Takarazuka Theater and the Imperial Garden Theater in Tokyo; Toho and Shochiku enjoyed a duopoly over theaters in Tokyo for many years. After several successful film exports to the United States during the 1950s, Toho opened the La Brea Theatre in Los Angeles to show its own films without selling to a distributor. It was known as the Toho Theatre from the late 1960s until the 1970s. Toho also had a theater in San Francisco and opened a theater in New York in 1963.
They have contributed to the production of some American films, including Sam Raimi's A Simple Plan.
Paul
Paul might mean:
People
The name Paul [ pawl ] is a Latin name derived from the Roman family name Paulus, which is derived from the Latin word "paulus" meaning "small" or "humble". It is also associated with the Latin word "paullus" meaning "little".
The name Paul is a popular name in many countries around the world, including the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, England, Scotland, Ireland, Germany, France, Italy, Spain, Portugal, and many more. This name was ranked #257 on the US Popular Names in 2021.
The name Paul is often associated with the Biblical figure Saint Paul, who was an important figure in the early Christian Church. He was a missionary, theologian, and author of several books of the New Testament.
Umbanda
Umbanda is the only 100% Brazilian religion. It mixes Candomblé, Kardecism as well as Roman Catholicism. It was created on November 15, 1908 in Niterói, a city from Rio de Janeiro, by Zélio de Morais and a Spirit called Caboclo das Sete Encruzilhadas.
Austin County, Texas
Austin County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2020, 30,167 people lived there. The county seat is Bellville.
Carlos Humberto Romero
General Carlos Humberto Romero Mena (February 29, 1924 – February 27, 2017) was a Salvadoran politician and military personnel. He served as President of El Salvador, elected on February 20, 1977 in a fraudulent election and inaugurated on July 1, 1977. Romero held power until October 1979 when he was forced-out of office with a reformist coup d'état by dissident, politically conservative and moderate military officers and civilians.
Romero died in San Salvador on February 27, 2017 at the age of 92.
Roger Vergé
Roger Vergé (7 April 1930 – 5 June 2015) was a French chef and restaurateur. He is thought to be one of the greatest chefs of his time. The Gault Millau described him as "the very incarnation of the great French chef for foreigners".
Shell Lake, Wisconsin
Shell Lake is a city of Wisconsin in the United States. It is the county seat of Washburn County.
Windham, Connecticut
Windham is a town in Windham County, Connecticut, United States. It contains the city of Willimantic and the villages of Windham Center, North Windham, and South Windham. The city of Willimantic was made part of the town in 1983. The population was 24,428 at the 2020 census.
Guitar Hero
Guitar Hero may mean:
Eastern Connecticut State University
Eastern Connecticut State University (ECSU) is a public liberal arts university. It is located in Willimantic, Connecticut. Eastern Connecticut State University is ranked in the top 100 regional universities in the North (of the United States) in the 2011 edition of the U.S. News and World Report list of Best Colleges. There are 5,671 students attending Eastern. The campus is suburban. The school's athletic department are called the "Warriors".
Ravi Zacharias
Frederick Antony Ravi Kumar Zacharias (March 26, 1946 – May 19, 2020) was an Indian-born Canadian-American Evangelical Christian apologist and evangelist. Zacharias was the author of many Christian books, such as the Gold Medallion Book Award winner Can Man Live Without God? Zacharias established Ravi Zacharias International Ministries (RZIM) and presented the radio programs Let My People Think and Just Thinking.
Autigny, Switzerland
Autigny is a municipality of the district Saane in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.
The Matrix
The Matrix is a science fiction action movie that was made in 1999. It was written and directed by the Wachowski Sisters. The main actors in the movie are Keanu Reeves, Laurence Fishburne, Carrie-Anne Moss, and Hugo Weaving. The Matrix was followed by three sequels: The Matrix Reloaded, The Matrix Revolutions and The Matrix Resurrections.
Story
The main character of the movie is Thomas A. Anderson (played by Keanu Reeves), who is a computer programmer at MetaCortex, a big software company, but he is also an underground hacker. Thomas meets Trinity (played by Carrie-Anne Moss), who then introduces him to Morpheus (played by Laurence Fishburne), who gives him a choice between taking a blue pill or a red pill. If he took the blue pill, he would wake up at his bed and wouldn't be bothered anymore, but if he took the red pill, Morpheus would show him the truth about the Matrix. Thomas takes the red pill. Then Morpheus tells Thomas he is actually Neo, or "the one". He explains to Neo that the Matrix is a computer program made by robots to simulate a world which humans think is real. He then explains to Neo that, because he is "the one" he is able to modify the Matrix however he wants. Morpheus then helps Neo to get out of the Matrix. At the beginning, Neo is skeptical about his power, but after training, he is able to show his real power. Neo, Trinity, Morpheus and the rest of the rebels then go on a journey to free humans from the Matrix.
Symbolism
There is a lot of symbolism in The Matrix. Common sources are Christianity, Buddhism, Hinduism (the concept of maya), the ancient philosopher Plato and Plato's Cave, modern philosophers such as René Descartes, and modern authors such as William Gibson.
Descartes says that maybe humans are brains in jars. A monster is maybe tricking humans. The monster makes humans believe that they are in the real world, but actually humans are simply brains. Humans cannot know what is real.
Philosophy
There are also references to Simulacra and Simulation, a very modern philosophy book by Jean Baudrillard. Baudrillard says that in the modern world, copies of copies are made. "The Real" is gone because people do not know what the first things were. For example, a modern person who eats a chicken did not kill the chicken. That person does not know what a real chicken is. The chicken meat is false because the person did not kill the chicken. The person's reality is the chicken meat.
Music
Don Davis made the score (orchestra part with violins and flutes). The Matrix's soundtrack (band music for a movie) includes music from bands such as Rammstein, Rob Dougan, Rage Against the Machine, Propellerheads, Massive Attack, The Prodigy, Rob Zombie, and Marilyn Manson.
Other meanings
The word matrix sometimes means "origin" or "beginnings". In very old English, matrix means "womb". A matrix is also a part of mathematics.
Effect of the movie
A new religion called Matrixism or The path of the One is based on the movie The Matrix. The religion began in 2004 with 300 members. Now there are about 16,000 members of Matrixism.
References
Notes
Alma, Wisconsin
Alma is a city in Wisconsin in the United States. It is the county seat of Buffalo County.
Michael O'Halloran (British politician)
He was elected Member of Parliament (MP) for Islington North in a by-election in 1969 after the death of MP Gerry Reynolds. He was secretary of the Constituency Labour Party. O'Halloran was among the Labour MPs who moved to the new Social Democratic Party (SDP) in 1981.
In 1983, the SDP chose John Grant, the MP for Islington Central (which was being abolished in boundary changes), to be its candidate in Islington North. O'Halloran left the SDP to stand as an independent Labour candidate in the 1983 general election. The official Labour candidate Jeremy Corbyn won while O'Halloran came in fourth with 11% of the vote. Grant came third with 22% of the vote.
He retired to County Wexford. He died on 29 November 1999 from a heart attack at the age of 66.
Windham County, Connecticut
Windham County is a county in the northwest of the US state Connecticut.
Unbyn
Unbyn is a locality in Boden Municipality in Norrbotten County in Sweden. In 2010, 468 people lived there.
Mondovi, Wisconsin
Mondovi is a city of Wisconsin in the United States.
Sarah Puntigam
Sarah Puntigam (born 13 October 1992) is an Austrian footballer. She plays as a midfielder for French Division 1 Féminine club Montpellier and the Austria national team.
Career
She started her career with USV Gnas, then she went on to 	DFC LUV Graz. The next steps were Bayern Munich II,Bayern Munich, SC Kriens	and	SC Freiburg in Germany. 2018 she went on to Montpellier in France.
International career
Puntigam made her international debut on 4 March 2009 in a 2–1 win against Wales. She scored her first two goals with Austria in a 6–0 win against Faroe Islands on 3 March 2010. With 114 matches she is the player with the most caps in Austria.
Honours
Bayern Munich
Tin(IV) sulfide
Preparation
Tin(IV) sulfide is made by reacting hydrogen sulfide with tin(IV) compounds such as tin(IV) chloride.
Sarah Puntigam
Honours
Austria
Tin(IV) sulfide
Uses
It is used as a decorative coating because of its color. This coating is known as mosaic gold.
Climate sensitivity
The Earth is getting warmer because people are putting greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. This is called the greenhouse effect because a greenhouse stops some of the sun's heat from escaping, and these gases stop some heat escaping from Earth. The greenhouse gas which makes the most warming is carbon dioxide (short name CO2), and burning coal is the biggest thing which puts it in the atmosphere. Climate sensitivity means how much the Earth will warm when a certain amount of CO2 is released into the atmosphere. Usually it means how much warmer the Earth would be if the atmosphere had twice as much CO2 as the year 1750, before people started burning lots of coal. Scientists think that when CO2 in the atmosphere doubles an extra 4 joules of heat gets trapped every second on every square metre on Earth, and that after a long time the Earth will be about 3 °C hotter.
How sensitive is the climate?
Climate scientists don't know the climate sensitivity very well but they think it is probably between 1.5 °C and 4.5 °C. So if the atmosphere had twice as much CO2 as it had in 1750 then Earth would likely be between 1.5 °C and 4.5 °C warmer, after thousands of years.
Why is it important to know better how sensitive the climate is?
The Paris Agreement is to keep global warming below 2 °C. If the climate is very sensitive this will be very difficult, so maybe people and countries should change to using cleaner energy more quickly. But if the climate is not very sensitive perhaps it would be a waste of money to stop using the coal burning power stations which are still almost new. So it is very important to find out more exactly what the climate sensitivity is.
Different ways to talk about climate sensitivity
People who are thinking about the 21st century might talk about climate sensitivity differently to people who are thinking about thousands of years in the future.
When the CO2 stops increasing
If the CO2 increases gradually by 1% each year the transient climate response (TCR) is the increase in temperature by the year when it has doubled. This is likely between 1 °C and 2.5 °C. Because this is a bit like what might happen this century this might be the most useful way for most people to talk about climate sensitivity when they are talking about the Paris Agreement.
When the temperature of the ocean balances the temperature of the atmosphere
But most of the extra heat warms up the oceans, and after the CO2 has stopped increasing some of this heat leaves the oceans and keeps on slowly warming up the atmosphere for thousands of years. The equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) is the temperature the Earth would get to once the atmosphere had got back in balance with the oceans, if the CO2 stopped increasing but stayed at the double level.
Sweet Genius
Sweet Genius is a reality-themed television cooking competition series that airs on Food Network. It is hosted by pastry chef Ron Ben-Israel. It started on September 9, 2011. It is similar to Chopped in that four confectionery and pastry chefs compete in three rounds on the show: Frozen, Baked, and Chocolate. After each round, one chef is eliminated until one chef is left. The winning chef wins $10,000. In each round, there are two ingredients that the chefs must use along with an inspiration that they must base their dish on. The first ingredient that they must use and the inspiration are shown at the beginning of the round, while the second ingredient is shown in the middle of the round. Sometimes, there will be three ingredients. Each round has a limited amount of time that the chefs must make their dish in. There are 40 minutes for the first round, 50 minutes for the second round, and 60 minutes for the final round. After each round, Ben-Israel tastes and gives his thoughts on each chef's dish, and then eliminates one chef.
ASEAN Basketball League
The ASEAN Basketball League (ABL) is a men's basketball competition in Southeast Asia, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Macau. Six teams compete, all from the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). Teams that participated in the first season were the Philippine Patriots, Thailand Tigers, SM BritAma, Kuala Lumpur Dragons, Brunei Barracudas and former National Basketball League (Australasia) team the Singapore Slingers. Similar to the Euroleague in Europe, the ABL has its own set of rules in terms of its roster and salary Teams are allowed two players of non-ASEAN citizenship and two ASEAN imports. Teams are allowed to have a team of all local players if they want. The KL Dragons were renamed the Westports KL Dragons and the Thailand Tigers were renamed Chang Thailand Slammers at the start of the 2nd (2010) season. ABL CEO Kuhan Foo said that 3 teams may be a part of the ABL for the next season.
The Open Door Tour
The Open Door Tour is the second worldwide tour by American alternative metal band Evanescence. Supporting the bands' second album, The Open Door, the tour began October 5, 2006, in Toronto, Canada and lasted for a little over a year. During the tour, the band performed at several popular music festivals, including Download and PinkPop festivals and Z100's Jingle Ball. The setlist included songs from The Open Door and the bands debut album, Fallen.
Background
For the first leg of the tour, the band toured locations in North America in October and traveled to Europe in November to play a number of shows before returning to the U.S. in December to perform in large arenas. The band later continued this leg of the tour in January 2007 in Montreal, Canada, playing in locations in Canada before heading to Japan and Australia.
Abelmoschus
Abelmoschus is a botanical genus with 15 species that belongs to the Malvaceae family,.
The Open Door Tour
Background
The second leg of the tour began on March 16, kicking off in Fresno, California. The tour ran through the U.S., South America, South Africa and Europe, closing their European tour with a sell-out concert at the Amphi in Ra'anana, Israel, on June 26, 2007. On May 4, 2007, guitarist John LeCompt was fired and drummer Rocky Grey quit. They were replaced by Troy McLawhorn and Will Hunt from the band Dark New Day.
Evanescence later co-headlined The Family Values Tour alongside Korn from July 27 until September 2, 2007. Afterwards, the band left on their Winter tour on October 23, playing shows in the U.S. and Mexico, before concluding the album's tour on December 8, 2007 in Kingston, Rhode Island. It was initially stated that McLawhorn and Hunt would tour with Evanescence till the end of the Family Values Tour in September, but continued to play with the band through The Open Door tour.
Setlists
The Open Door
Republican People's Party
They are currently the second largest party in the Turkish Parliament, with 132 out of 550 seats and they form the Main Opposition of Turkey. Their founder is Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and their current leader is Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu.
On September 7, 1919, Turkish nationalists established a resistance organisation against the invasion of Turkey. On September 9, 1923, the organisation officially declared itself as a political party and it was the Republican People's Party.
Port Edwards (town), Wisconsin
Port Edwards is a town in Wood County, Wisconsin in the United States.
Audre Lorde
Audre Lorde (February 18, 1934 – November 17, 1992) was an American writer, feminist, womanist, and civil rights activist. She was born in New York City.
Lorde was born almost blind and was tongue tied. At the age of four, Lorde learned how to read and talk. Lorde went to Catholic grammar schools. She went to Hunter College and Columbia University. She would say that “lesbian” and “black” didn’t really define her. She didn’t like being put in those categories. She was a lesbian. She was famous for her strong poems about racism and love.
Port Edwards, Wisconsin
Port Edwards is a village in Wood County, Wisconsin in the United States.
Ninozca Vasquez
Ninoska Vásquez Álvarez (born August 25, 1992 in Barquisimeto, Venezuela) is a Venezuelan model and beauty queen. She won the titles of Miss Tourism Universe 2014 and Miss Earth Venezuela 2017. She will represent Venezuela in Miss Earth 2017.
Medulla oblongata
The medulla oblongata (or medulla) is the lower half of the brainstem. It is just on top of the spinal cord. It connects the higher parts of the brain to the spinal cord (see the picture at the right of this page).
The cardiac, respiratory, and vasomotor control centers are in the medulla. This means that the medulla controls heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, and the size of the body's blood vessels. If the medulla did not work, the person would die.
Functions
The medulla does many important things. It relays nerve signals between the brain and spinal cord. Signals from the brain tell the rest of the body what to do. Signals from the spinal cord tell the brain what is going on in the body. Without the medulla, none of these signals would get through.
The medulla also controls autonomic functions (things the body does automatically, without a person having to think about them).
The breathing control center
The medulla controls breathing. Groups of neurons in the medulla tell the body when to breathe in, when to breathe faster, and when to breathe slower.
The medulla measures how much carbon dioxide is in a person's blood. When the body makes energy, carbon dioxide gets left over. The body has to get rid of extra carbon dioxide, because it is poisonous. The only way the body can get rid of carbon dioxide is by breathing it out.
If there is too much carbon dioxide in the blood, the medulla sends signals to the breathing muscles and tells them to work harder. This makes the person breathe faster, so they can breathe out the extra carbon dioxide. Once the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood is normal again, the medulla tells the body to breathe slower again.
The cardiac control center
The medulla helps control the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system. The main part of the nerves that control these two systems are in the medulla. These nerves get signals from other parts of the brain and the body. These signals help tell the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems what to do.
Together, these two systems control many important things, like how fast the heart beats and how hard it squeezes. In the cardiac center, there are special nerves that will make the heart beat harder and faster, called excitatory nerves. There are also inhibitory nerves, which will make the heart beat slower and not as hard. If a person's blood pressure gets too low, the cardiac center will send a message to the excitatory nerves, telling them to make the heart beat faster and harder. This raises the blood pressure. If the blood pressure gets too high, the cardiac center sends a message to the inhibitory nerves, which slow the heart down and make it not beat so hard. This lowers the blood pressure. In a healthy person, the cardiac center balances out the signals it sends to these sets of nerves, to keep the blood pressure normal.
The vasomotor control center
The vasomotor center controls the size of the body's blood vessels. When a person is stressed or in danger, the vasomotor center makes the blood vessels get smaller. This is part of the body's "fight or flight" reaction. It causes more blood to go to the body's most important organs, like the brain, heart, and lungs. This can help a person survive if they are in danger. It also makes the blood pressure go up.
Reflex control centers
The medulla also controls some important reflexes, like vomiting, coughing, sneezing, and swallowing.
Other functions
Sets of neurons in the medulla help control other important things, like movement, digestion, and sleep.
Injuries to the medulla
Because the medulla controls so many important things, injuries to the medulla can cause some serious problems.
For example, an injury to the middle of the medulla can cause these symptoms:
An injury to one side of the medulla can cause these symptoms:
If a person's medulla is completely destroyed (for example, from a very bad injury, or because it did not get enough oxygen to survive), that person will die.
Goose
Goose (plural geese, family Anatidae) are birds. There are three species groups of geese: the genus Anser, the genus Branta, and the genus Chen.
A male goose is called a "gander" and a baby goose is called a "gosling". A group of geese is called a "gaggle".
Saints Row (series)
Saints Row is a series of video games created by Volition game studios. It features mechanics similar to the Grand Theft Auto series. Starting from Saints Row: The Third, Volition decided to experiment with dark humour and unrealistic gameplay, ranging from impossible air stunts to the inclusion of a dildo bat as a weapon. Afterwards, Volition decided to completely abandon realistic game physics and graphics.
Saints Row IV was released in 2013 and modified the gameplay, allowing the player to fly and use superpowers, rendering the use of motor vehicles impractical.
Saints Row Gat out of Hell was released in 2015 and was set in Hell with the use of superpowers again.
Sävast
Sävast is a village located in Boden Municipality, Norrbotten County, Sweden. It had a population of 3,148 in 2010.
Doug Harvey (umpire)
Harold Douglas Harvey (March 13, 1930 – January 13, 2018) was an American umpire in Major League Baseball (MLB). He worked in the National League (NL) from 1962 through 1992. He was born in South Gate, California but was raised in San Diego, California.
Harvey umpired five World Series and six All-Star Games. His career total of 4,673 games ranked third in major league history at the time of his retirement. He was the ninth umpire to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame.
On January 13, 2018, Harvey died at the age of 87. He was under hospice care in Visalia, California. He had been suffering from esophageal cancer.
Torrington
Torrington may refer to:
Places
In Australia:
In the United Kingdom:
In the United States of America:
Saratoga, Wisconsin
Saratoga is a town of Wisconsin in the United States.
Foreign reserve
A foreign reserve is the currency from another nation that is held by a nation's treasury. They are another set of assets in a country. Formerly, only gold and silver were used as reserves, but now the currency of other countries is used. There is a benefit to having a foreign reserve. When a nation has one, it can change the exchange rate to make it best for the country. But sometimes the exchange rate drops and the foreign reserve becomes worthless.
Steve Smith (cricketer)
Steven Peter Devereux Smith (born 2 June 1989) is an Australian international cricketer and former captain of the Australian national team. , Smith is the top-ranked Test batsman in the world, according to the ICC Player Rankings. On 30 December 2017 he reached a Test batting rating of 947, the second-highest of all time only behind Don Bradman's 961. He is regarded as one of the best batsmen in the world. He plays for New South Wales and Sydney Sixers in domestic cricket.
Although he was initially selected for Australia as a right-arm leg spinner, Smith now plays primarily as a batsman. After a few tests in 2010 and 2011, he has been a regular player in the Australian team since 2013, and took over captaincy from Michael Clarke in late 2015. Since then he has primarily batted at number 4.
Awards he has won include the Sir Garfield Sobers Trophy (ICC Cricketer of the Year) in 2015; ICC Test Player of the Year in 2015, 2017; the Allan Border Medal for the best player in Australian Cricket in 2015, 2018; Australian Test Player of the Year: 2015, 2018 and Australian One Day International Player of the Year: 2015. He was named by Wisden as one of their Cricketers of the Year for 2015. In 2014, Martin Crowe described Smith as one of the young Fab Four of Test Cricket along with Joe Root, Kane Williamson and Virat Kohli.
In March 2018, Smith was widely criticised for overseeing ball tampering in the third Test against South Africa. Following an investigation by Cricket Australia, Smith was banned from all international and domestic cricket for one year, and will not be considered for a leadership role for another year after that.
Early life
Smith was born in Sydney to an Australian father, Peter, who has a degree in chemistry and works with pigments and waxes, and an English mother, Gillian.
Suspension
In March 2018, Smith was widely criticised for overseeing ball tampering in the third Test against South Africa.
Following an investigation by Cricket Australia, Smith was banned from international cricket for 12 months, and will not be considered for a leadership role for 12 months after that.
Fernando Sebastián Aguilar
Fernando Sebastián Aguilar CMF (14 December 1929 – 24 January 2019) was a Spanish cardinal. He was born in Calatayud, Spain. He was Bishop of León from 1979 to 1983 and Archbishop of Pamplona and Tudela from 1983 to 2007.
Sebastián Aguilar died from complications of a stroke on 24 January 2019 in Málaga, Spain, aged 89.
Chelsea (name)
The name Chelsea is a given name used for females. It is pronounced CHELL-see. The name Candice has roots in Latin. It is derived from the Latin word "candidus," which means "bright" or "shining." Artemis, the Greek goddess of the moon, is also associated with the name as she was known for her beauty and radiance.
There are many famous people named Chelsea, including Chelsea Clinton (the daughter of former President Bill Clinton and Hillary Rodham Clinton). The name was used most in 1992, when it was at #15 in the United States on the USA Social Security Administration baby naming chart.
The name might come from the Old English language and mean "chalk landing place".
There is also an English football club called Chelsea. Chelsea Football Club is an English football club that plays in the Premier League. Their home stadium is Stamford Bridge in Fulham, London.
Corminboeuf
Corminboeuf is a municipality of the district of Saane in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. In 2017 the former municipality of Chésopelloz merged into the municipality of Corminboeuf.
Tomiichi Murayama
Tomiichi Murayama (村山 富市) is a retired Japanese politician. He served as the 81st Prime Minister of Japan from 30 June 1994 to 11 January 1996.
He was the head of the Social Democratic Party of Japan (until 1996, the Japan Socialist Party) and the first socialist prime minister in nearly fifty years. He is most remembered today for his speech "On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the war's end," in which he said sorry for what his country of Japan did over World War II.
Murayama was born on Ōita, Japan in 3 March 1924. He studied at Meiji University.
Constituency Labour Party
A constituency Labour Party (CLP) is an organisation of members of the British Labour Party who live in a particular UK parliamentary constituency in England, Scotland and Wales. The Labour Party in Northern Ireland has, since February 2009, been organised as a single constituency.
For much of the Labour Party's history, especially during the 1980s, CLPs were perceived as the more left wing faction in the Labour Party. The unions were said to be a more moderate or pragmatic force.
C8H16
The molecular formula C8H16 may refer to:
Mariner 2
Mariner 2 was a NASA spacecraft. It was the second spacecraft in the Mariner program. Mariner 2 was the first successful mission from Earth to another planet.
Mission
Mariner 2 was launched on August 27, 1962 aboard an Atlas-Agena B rocket at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. The aim of the Mariner 2 mission was to fly-by the planet Venus and return information on the planet's atmosphere, magnetic field, charged particle environment, and mass. Mariner 2 was at its closest to Venus, at a distance of 34,773 km, on December 14, 1962. Orbital perihelion was on December 27, 105,464,560 km away. The last radio signal from Mariner 2 was received on January 3, 1963. Mariner 2 is still orbiting around the Sun today.
Design
The spacecraft's design was exactly the same as that of Mariner 1. Mariner 1 was the first spacecraft in the Mariner program, but it had to be destroyed shortly after launch because its trajectory was wrong.
Discoveries
The spacecraft found out that the surface temperature on Venus was at least 425 °C (797 °F), on both the day and night sides. It discovered that Venus rotates in the opposite direction from most planets in the Solar System. The spacecraft also found that the atmosphere of Venus is mostly of carbon dioxide and that there is a very high pressure at the planet's surface. Continuous cloud cover was detected but no magnetic field was, however. It also found that solar wind is continuous and that the density of cosmic dust between planets is much lower than it is near Earth.
Jean Porter
Bennie Jean Porter (December 8, 1922 – January 13, 2018) was an American actress. She was born in Cisco, Texas. She was known for her roles in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1938) and One Million B.C. (1940).
Porter was active throughout the 1940s. She appeared in almost 30 movies with MGM stars like Esther Williams, Mickey Rooney and the comedy duo Abbott & Costello. In the 1950s, Porter appeared mainly in television series such as The Red Skelton Show, Sea Hunt, and 77 Sunset Strip. She retired from acting in 1961.
Porter died in Canoga Park, California of natural causes, at the age of 95.
Eastland, Texas
Eastland is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Eastland County.
Agavaceae
Agavaceae is a family of plants. Many of these plants grow in dry, hot climates. Some grow in the desert. Well-known plants of this family are the agave, yucca, and Joshua tree. The family includes about 550-600 species in around 18 genera. It is widespread in the tropical, subtropical and warm temperate regions of the world.
It is not quite clear how large the family really is. There are genera which some biologists leave out of the family. This includes for example Cordyline and Dracaena, which are sometimes separated off into a separate family, Dracaenaceae. Recent research has tended to incorporate these into a larger family Ruscaceae, though. Nolina, Beaucarnea, and Dasylirion are sometimes recognized as Nolinaceae or placed in Ruscaceae. Conversely, data from molecular systematics now suggest that Agavaceae should be broadened to include a number of genera previously classified elsewhere. Among them are Chlorogalum, Camassia and the family Anthericaceae. This would enlarge the family with anything up to 22 genera. The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group's APG II classification places Agavaceae, along with a number of other families (including Ruscaceae) in an expanded family Asparagaceae. However, APG II allows the alternative of keeping some of these families, including Agavaceae, separate. In this case, it recommends expanding the family to include the genera currently classified in Anemarrhenaceae, Anthericaceae (with Anthericum and Paradisea), Behniaceae and Herreriaceae. Most references have retained Agavaceae (in varying circumscriptions) as a family distinct from Asparagaceae. Hesperocallis, sometimes placed in its own family, Hesperocallideaceae, has recently been shown to be closely related and its inclusion in Agavaceae has been recommended (Pires et al. 2004).
Some species are succulent. In general, Agavaceae leaves occur as rosettes at the end of a woody stem, which may range from extremely short to tree-like heights, as in the Joshua tree. The leaves are parallel-veined, and usually appear long and pointed, often with a hardened spine on the end, and sometimes with additional spines along the margins.
Agave species are used to make pulque and mezcal, while others are valued for their fibres. They are quite popular for xeriscaping, many types having showy flowers.
2017 Mount Albert by-election
The 2017 Mount Albert by-election was a New Zealand by-election held in the Mount Albert electorate on 25 February 2017 during the 51st New Zealand Parliament.
Octene
Octene is a chemical compound. It has a formula of C8H16. Octene contains eight carbon atoms and sixteen hydrogen atoms in each molecule. These molecules are put together with a double bond that makes it an alkene.
2017 Mount Albert by-election
The seat was vacated after the resignation of David Shearer, a former Leader of the New Zealand Labour Party.
No all right and centre-right parties ran, and turnout was low. The electorate was won by Labour Party list MP Jacinda Ardern by a large margin. Another Labour member, Raymond Huo, filled Ardern's list seat.
Julie Anne Genter
Julie Anne Genter (born 17 December 1979) is an American-born New Zealand politician. She is a member of the House of Representatives representing the Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand. She was the Minister for Women, Associate Minister for Health and Associate Minister for Transport during the first term of Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern.
She holds dual citizenship of New Zealand and the United States.
Stairlift
A stairlift or stair lift is a special type of chair. The user sits in the chair and it moves him or her up the stairs. Stairlifts are often used by people who are handicapped or cannot walk up the stairs.
Types of stairlifts
Straight Rail Stair Lifts - A straight rail stair lift is the most common type of stair lift on the market because it’s designed for the types of stairs most common in homes. With a straight rail stair lift, the rail is attached to the treads of the stairs by legs and are spaced approximately a foot apart.
Curved Rail Stair Lifts - Curved rail stair lift mapped to the unique curvature of a staircase as a result, the planning and installation process can be a bit more expensive since it requires more unique customisation and a potentially longer rail.
Platform Stair Lifts - Wheelchair or platform stair lifts take the standard seat-style stair lift but add enough room for a wheelchair to be carried up stairs. These stair lifts can necessitate more power than traditional curved or straight rail stair lifts as well, and are therefore most common in commercial buildings, hospitals, or assisted living facilities and nursing homes.
Sultanpur, Uttar Pradesh
Sultanpur is a samll city in Uttar Pradesh, India. It is headquarter of the district with the same name. Sultanpur is on the banks of Gomti river and 135 km east to state capital Lucknow. Awadhi is common language of this city and district.
Pyrocumulonimbus cloud
A pyrocumulonimbus cloud is a type of cumulonimbus cloud that forms above a source of heat, such as a wildfire or volcanic eruption.
Swan
A swan (Cygnini) is a kind of water bird, from the genera Cygnus and Coscoroba. They are in the subfamily Anserinae, in the family Anatidae, which also includes geese and ducks.
Swans are tough, strong birds who will stand no nonsense from dogs or cats. They may open their wings as a warning, but from then on a person is advised to keep clear. Swans are highly protective of their nests. They will attack anything they see as a threat to their chicks, including humans.
Description
The swans are some of the largest flying birds. They are large in size and have large feet and long necks. The males are usually bigger and heavier than females. The mute swan, trumpeter swan, and whooper swan are the largest swans. They can be over 1.5m (60 inches) long. They can weigh over 15kg (33 pounds). Their wingspans (this means the length of both wings) can be almost 3m (10 ft).