cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Bismuth
Preparation
Bismuth and its minerals are too rare to be mined. They are gotten by "secondary extraction". It is normally found in lead metal. The lead metal is purified by electrolysis, leaving the bismuth behind as a sludge on the bottom of the container. The copper is taken out of the sludge and the bismuth is purified by being reduced in a furnace and all the impurities are filtered out.
China makes the most bismuth. Peru, Mexico, and Japan also make bismuth.
Bismuth can also be recycled. This is difficult in many places because bismuth is used for things like bullets, solder, and stomach medicine that get scattered all over and cannot easily be gotten again.
As an element
Bismuth is used in alloys with very low melting points. Some of them melt in hot water. They are also found in solder that does not have lead in it. It can make alloys with other metals to make them more malleable. It is also used in bullets to replace lead. In some places lead bullets are outlawed as birds eat them and get lead poisoning. It is also used in alloys for plumbing. It is used in fishing sinkers.
José Manuel González Santamaria
Jose Manuel Gonzalez Santamaria (born September 19, 1970 in Asturias) is a track and field athlete from Spain. He has a disability: He has cerebral palsy and is a T36 type athlete. He raced at the 1996 Summer Paralympics, the 2000 Summer Paralympics, the 2004 Summer Paralympics, the 2008 Summer Paralympics and the 2012 Summer Paralympics. He was the third runner to finish in the 400 meter T37 race.
Bismuth
As chemical compounds
Bismuth is used in some medicines such as Pepto-Bismol. This medicine has bismuth subsalicylate in it. It is also used as an internal deodorant and to treat eye infections and peptic ulcers.
Bismuth oxychloride is used in cosmetics. Bismuth telluride is used in electronic thermometers. Another compound is used in superconductors and becomes a superconductor at a high temperature. It can be used as a pigment and in fireworks to make crackling sounds. It is used in the nuclear fuel of a nuclear reactor.
Safety
Bismuth is much less toxic than other heavy metals. This is why it is replacing lead in many things. It does not add up in the body like other heavy metals do. A very large amount of bismuth can poison the kidneys and liver, though. Because its oxide does not dissolve in water, it is considered safe for the environment.
Fuveau
Fuveau is a commune of 8,558 people (2006). It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.
Paso doble
The Paso doble is a dance and music based on the Spanish bullfight. It is the music played at bullfights at the procession of the bullfighters, between stages, and at the end of each session. The dance is based on the way matadors perform in the ring.
Dance
In the dance, the man takes the part of the matador, and the woman takes the part of the man's cape (not the bull!). The man's stance (the way he stands) should be proud, and when he has a free arm it should be held slightly bent, rather as matadors do. The photograph of the ice dancers gives a perfect example of what dancers should aim for in this style.
The paso doble is one of the five International Latin ballroom dances. It gives a very good contrast in style with the four other dances. Although so Spanish in style and origin, the dance techniques were first developed in Paris. Later, in mid 20th century London, the Latin and American dances took on their present form.
Music
The music is scored in 2/4 time. It is a march-like type of music, and as a dance it is a two-step (paso doble = two-step). It is played at about 60/62 bars (measures) a minute for dancers.
The most famous piece of paso doble music is the España Cañí or Spanish Gypsy Dance. A sample of La Gracia de Dios gives an idea of the rhythm.
Fos-sur-Mer
Fos-sur-Mer is a commune of 15,700 people (2005). It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.
Bruce Owen
Owen died of problems caused by a heart attack on February 2, 2022 in Barrie, Ontario at the age of 90.
Anton Rubinstein
Anton Rubinstein (born Vikhvatinets 28 November 1829; died Petershof 20 November 1894) was a Russian pianist and composer. Rubinstein and Franz Liszt were thought to be the greatest pianists of the 19th century. He was very important as a teacher and influenced many Russian musicians. He composed lots of music, although hardly any of it is heard nowadays. As a composer he is best remembered today by a little piece of piano music called “Melody in F”.
Lessons
In 1846 his father died and Anton went to Vienna where he gave piano lessons to try to earn some money. When he returned to Russia in 1848 the tsar’s sister-in-law let him live in her palace. He played for lots of parties. Often the tsar came.
Tours
In 1854 he toured Europe again. Then he returned to Russia. He wanted to improve music education in Russia so he started the Russian Musical Society and then he started the St Petersburg Conservatory. During his long career he spent many years as director of the Conservatory as well as conducting concerts.
Compositions
He wrote a lot of music, but although his compositions often started off with good ideas they often become rather boring. His opera Tom the fool was not a success. He was annoyed and wrote an article in a music magazine saying that it was not possible to write operas using Russian stories. He criticized several composers who were writing music which used Russian folktunes. This included the composer Mily Balakirev and his friends who were called The Mighty Handful. He said that they had not learned how to compose properly.
Rubinstein very much wanted to be famous as a composer as well as a teacher, but this made him very narrow-minded. However, it was as a pianist and conductor that he was important. He helped to improve the standard of music making in Russia by teaching and performing, and by starting the conservatory in St Petersburg.
Deepak Obhrai
Deepak Obhrai (July 5, 1950 – August 2, 2019) was a Tanzania-born Canadian politician. He represented the riding of Calgary East (until 2015) and Forest Lawn (from 2015) for the Reform Party of Canada and then the Conservative Party of Canada from 1997 until his death in 2019.
Obhrai was the Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Foreign Affairs. He was the first and only Hindu to become an MP in Canada, and at the time of his death was the longest continuously-serving Conservative MP.
He ran in the 2017 Conservative Party of Canada leadership election, but was defeated in the first round of voting.
Emergency medical dispatcher
An emergency medical dispatcher is a person who answers telephone calls to the emergency medical services and sends out the ambulances. For each call they much decide if an ambulance is needed and which one should be sent. They also help the caller with their problems until the ambulance arrives.
Poliomyelitis
Poliomyelitis, or polio, is a virus that causes a serious disease. It is spread from person to person.
Most of the time, polio has no symptoms unless the polio virus gets into the blood. It is uncommon for the virus to enter the brain or spinal cord. If this does happen, it can cause muscles to become paralyzed. Some people get better from the paralysis. Others will be disabled. Depending on which muscles have been affected, these people may need a mobility aid or a wheelchair; they may have difficulty using their hands; or they may even have trouble breathing.
About 15 out of every 10,000 adults who get polio die. (This means an adult has a 0.015% chance of dying from polio.)
Giganotosaurus
Giganotosaurus is a large theropod dinosaur. It lived during the Upper Cretaceous, about 99 - 97 million years ago in what is now Argentina. 70 percent of the skeleton has been found. Giganotosaurus was probably the second largest carnivorous dinosaur of all time. Another large carnivore, Mapusaurus, also lived in the same territory. They were both relatives of the North African Carcharodontosaurus.
The largest specimen is 14 m long, and 4 m tall at the hip. Its weight is estimated as 13 t.
Titanosaur fossils belonging to Andesaurus and Limaysaurus have been found near the remains of Giganotosaurus. The huge titanosaur Argentinosaurus also lived in the area. Probably, the titanosaurs were the main prey of the large theropods.
Poliomyelitis
Worldwide, polio has become much less common in the past few decades. In 1988, there were about 350,000 cases of polio in the world. By 2007, the number of cases of polio in the world had decreased by over 99.9%, to just 1,652 cases. The disease is preventable with the polio vaccine; however, multiple doses are required for it to be effective. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends polio vaccination boosters for travellers and those who live in countries where the disease is endemic.
The 32nd President of the United States, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, had polio. So far, he is the only President of the United States to have had this disease.
Prevention
The way to prevent polio has been known for many years:
1. Vaccine given 6, 12 and 16 weeks old as part of a six-in-one vaccine.
2. Three years and four months old as part of a 4-in-one pre-school booster
3. 14 years old as a part of the 3-in-one teenage booster.
The child has to have ALL of these to be fully protected. This complicated list explains why polio is still around. In endemic areas, wild polioviruses can infect virtually the entire human population. Not all, however, develop paralysis or any other sign of the infection.
The vaccine was developed by Jonas Salk in the 1950s.
Einsteinium
Einsteinium is a chemical element with the atomic number 99. It is a synthetic element, so all isotopes are radioactive.
Einsteinium is the 7th element in the actinide series. The most stable isotope of Einsteinium has 99 protons and electrons and 153 neutrons. There are 19 different (radioactive) isotopes. Einsteinium is named after Albert Einstein. It was found for the first time in 1952 by Albert Ghiorso and his team of scientists in the debris of the first hydrogen bomb explosion, and identified as an element at the University of California, Berkeley.
Einsteinium isotopes have a half-life between 40 and 471 days.
Uses
Einsteinium has been used to create the element Mendelevium for the first time in 1955, although no practical uses are known. It has been used before as a calibration marker in a chemical analysis spectrometer.
Shelley King
Shelley King (born 25 September 1955) is a British-Indian actress, known for her roles as Jay Harper on the BBC One drama series Angels from 1978 to 1980 and Yasmeen Nazir on the ITV soap opera Coronation Street from 2014 onwards.
Tibetan Mastiff
The Tibetan Mastiff is a big breed dog. It originated in Tibet. It has long black fur. It is like the Tibetan spaniel dog, but its fur is different.
Down syndrome
Down syndrome (or trisomy 21) is a genetic disorder. Most people with Down Syndrome have an extra copy of chromosome 21, or part of it.
Bellevue, Kentucky
Bellevue is a city of Kentucky in the United States. It is in Campbell County, Kentucky. The population was 5,955 at the 2010 census.
Down syndrome
Down syndrome causes a mental handicap. It may be mild or severe. The average IQ of a young adult with Down syndrome is 50, equivalent to the mental age of an 8- or 9-year-old child, but it truly depends on the person. This can vary widely, but most individuals need supervision if they are to live their lives in a satisfactory way. Children who have this condition take more time to learn new things.
The condition is named after John Langdon Down, the British doctor who first described it in 1866. He called it mongoloid idiocy because he thought that children with Down syndrome had faces like that of Blumenbach's Mongolian race (a historical categorization now "East Asian"). The term "mongoloid idiocy" is not used today; it is considered an offensive term.
There is discrimination against people with Down syndrome, both in the education system and in society in general. Some people with the condition may have average intelligence but may also have other noticeable features of the disability. For example, people with Down syndrome often have a different shape of eyes than those without the syndrome. Some people with the condition have severe learning difficulties.
Of every 800 to 1000 babies that are born, one is diagnosed with Down syndrome. Older women have a higher chance of having a baby with Down syndrome. If they have a procedure known as amniocentesis, pregnant mothers can be told whether their foetus has Down syndrome. Sound scans may also diagnose the presence of Down Syndrome. Mothers whose foetus is diagnosed as having Downs syndrome may choose to have an abortion. In the United Kingdom and Europe 92% of such cases are aborted.
Long-term, the responsibility of looking after individuals with Down syndrome is, eventually, local authorities. This is because parents grow older and less capable, or are unable to cope with the difficulties.
Features
They also grow differently from other children. Babies with down syndrome can be identified at birth because they may have a specific set of physical features. These features include narrow eyes, a flat nose-bridge, smaller mouths and shorter fingers. Smaller mouths can result in tongue protrusion or what looks like a large tongue. Sometimes the little fingers curve inwards as well, and there is also often a space between the big toe and the others. People with Down syndrome often have heart defects or Alzheimer's disease when they are older. About 90% of people with Down syndrome live through their teens. The lifespan of a person with Down syndrome averages between 50 and 55 years old.
So far there have been no treatments for Down syndrome.
Genetic causes
Down syndrome comes from a problem with the genes. Humans are diploid organisms. This means that for each chromosome, there are two copies, one from the mother, and one from the father. During meiosis the number is reduced to one set of chromosomes. People with Down syndrome have an extra copy of chromosome 21, or part of it.
There are three ways that Down syndrome is caused. The most common cause of Down syndrome is trisomy. Trisomy is when the child receives two chromosomes from the mother and one from the father. This makes it so there are three chromosomes of chromosome #21. Another way Down syndrome is caused is when new cells are made. Sometimes even when the parent cells are normal chromosome 21 can be deformed when cells reproduce. This makes it so some cells have 47 chromosomes and others have 46. This is called a mosaic disorder. Mosaic means that they have a third chromosome from the replication of cells. The third way Down syndrome can be caused is called translocation. This happens when a normal chromosome breaks into two pieces. This results in three chromosomes.
Other websites
For comprehensive lists of Down syndrome links see
Societies and Associations
By Country
F. W. Murnau
Friedrich Wilhelm "F. W." Murnau (28 December 1888 – 11 March 1931) was a German movie director. He was one of the most influential directors of the silent movie era. He was born in Bielefeld and attended the University of Heidelberg. He studied art history. He was openly gay. He was 6'4 (193 cm). He was said to have an icy disposition and an obsession with film. He was a combat pilot during World War I. He directed his first movie Der Knabe in Blau (The Boy in Blue) in 1919.
Murnau's most famous movie is Nosferatu (1922). It was based on the book Dracula. Faust was Murnau's last German movie. Nosferatu and Faust were two of the first films to have original music. Some of his German movies were considered to be Expressionist movies.
Gémenos
Gémenos is a commune in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France. As of 1999, 5,481 people lived there.
Bellewood, Kentucky
Bellewood is a city in Kentucky in the United States.
Chris Coons
Christopher Andrew "Chris" Coons (born September 9, 1963) is the junior United States Senator from Delaware and a member of the Democratic Party.
Coons won a special election in 2010 to succeed Ted Kaufman, who had been appointed to the seat when Joe Biden resigned to become the vice president of the United States.
Romeo Benetti
Romeo Benetti (born 20 October 1945) is an Italian former footballer. He played for the Italian national team.
Eliot Engel
In 1977, Engel entered the special election for a seat in the New York State Assembly. He was the Liberal Party nominee in the special election, and on March 1, 1977, he defeated Democratic nominee Ted Weinstein and Republican nominee Arlene Siegel.
Romeo Benetti
Club career statistics
491||78 491||78
Eliot Engel
In the 2020 election, Engel lost the Democratic nomination to school principal Jamaal Bowman in a highly contested primary re-election.
Ghulam Ishaq Khan
Ghulam Ishaq Khan (abbreviated as GIK) (Urdu/Pashto: غلام اسحاق خان) (January 20, 1915 – October 27, 2006) was President of Pakistan from August 17, 1988 until July 18, 1993.
Santa Cruz, Chile
Santa Cruz is a Chilean commune in the Province of Colchagua, O'Higgins. The town was founded as Santa Cruz de Unco, in an unknown date.
Romeo Benetti
International career statistics
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Logbook
A logbook (or log book) is a written account of the hours one works while driving a truck, bus, or ferry. In general, each logbook is set up with the same basic information, and they provide a record of one's work activity. Details (for example) include one's name, date, company address, hours on duty, hours sleeping, and hours driving.
Gardanne
Gardanne is a commune of 20,700 people (2005). It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.
Centre (department)
Centre is one of the ten departments (French: départments, singular départment) of Haiti. It is in the center of the country, along the border with the Dominican Republic. It is the only department of Haiti that does not border the sea.
Geography
The Départment du Centre has an area of 3,675 km². It is bordered to the northeast by the Nord-Est Department, to the northwest by the Nord Department, to the west by the Artibonite Department and to the south by the Ouest Department. It borders the Dominican Republic to the east.
Lyudmila Lyadova
Lyudmila Alekseevna Lyadova (Людмила Алексеевна Лядова; 29 March 1925 – 10 March 2021) was a Russian composer and singer. In 1985, she was honored with People's Artist of the USSR. She was known for appearing in many operas and theatre shows for children.
Centre (department)
Geography
The mountain chains here run from west to east and the most important are the Montagnes Noires (in English, "Black Mountains"). There is also part of the Chaine du Trout d'Eau.
Lyudmila Lyadova
In June 2020, Lyadova was hospitalized in Moscow with COVID-19. She died from problems caused by the infection on 10 March 2021, aged 95.
Centre (department)
Geography
Lake Peligre, the second largest lake in Haiti, is in this department; it is an artificial lake created with the construction of the Peligre Dam on the Artibonite river.
The main rivers of the department are Boucan Carré, Fer-à-Cheval, Libon, Macacia, Thomonde and La Tombe, and all are tributaries of the Artibonite.
Population
The department had, in the 2003 census, a population of 581,505 persons: 289,028 men and 292,477 women, with only 94,619 (16.27%) living in cities and towns.
The main city is Hinche, the capital of the department.
Administrative division
The department is divided into four arrondissements (like districts) and 12 communes (like municipalities). The "arrondissements" and their "communes" are:
Crossover SUV
A crossover SUV, crossover utility vehicle, or CUV is a type of SUV that is based on a unibody structure. These cars are usually lighter than heavier body-on-frame SUVs. The term was first used on the 1979 'AMC Eagle', and the first modern example is the 1994 Toyota RAV4. Unlike general SUVs that are usually all-wheel drive, or four-wheel drive, crossovers tend to also have an option of all-wheel, rear-wheel, or front-wheel drive.
Vehicles in this segment are usually based on a car/unibody platform, typically used on sedans, station wagons, and hatchbacks. Since the late 2010s, crossovers have started replacing minivans.
Advantages
CUVs have three advantages over SUVs:
Benton, Kentucky
Benton is a city and county seat of Marshall County, Kentucky in the United States.
Berea, Kentucky
Berea is a city of Kentucky in the United States.
Pocono 400
The Pocono 400 is a Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series race held annually at Pocono Raceway, it is one of two races held at the circuit, with the other one being the Gander Outdoors 400 in August.
It is the 14th race of the season.
Benham, Kentucky
Benham is a city in Harlan County, Kentucky in the United States.
Mino Milani
Mino Milani (3 February 1928 – 10 February 2022) was an Italian writer, cartoonist, journalist and historian.
As a journalist, Milano worked for important publications such as Corriere della Sera and La Domenica del Corriere, and was editor-in-chief of the daily newspaper La Provincia Pavese. He died in Pavia, Italy on 10 February 2022, at the age of 94.
Orthosie (moon)
Orthosie or Jupiter XXXV, is a moon of Jupiter. It was found by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott Sheppard in 2001, and given the designation S/2001 J 9.
It was named in August 2003 after Orthosie, the Greek goddess of prosperity and one of the Horae. The Horae (Hours) were daughters of Zeus and Themis.
Orthosie belongs to the Ananke group, retrograde non-spherical moons which orbit Jupiter between 19,300,000 and 22,700,000 km, at inclinations of about 150°.
Gignac-la-Nerthe
Gignac-la-Nerthe is a commune. It is in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in south France. 9,140 people lived there in 2004.
Kevin Garnett
Kevin Maurice Garnett (born May 19, 1976), nicknamed "KG", is an American professional basketball power forward and center. He plays for the Minnesota Timberwolves of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He has also played for the Boston Celtics and the Brooklyn Nets.
In high school, Garnett was a 1995 McDonald's All-American at Farragut Career Academy and won a national player of the year award. Garnett entered the 1995 NBA Draft, where he was selected with the 5th overall pick by the Minnesota Timberwolves. He was the first NBA player drafted directly out of high school in 20 years.
On February 19, 2015, He waived his no-trade clause and he was traded back to the Minnesota Timberwolves in exchange for Thaddeus Young.
Berry, Kentucky
Berry is a city of Kentucky in the United States.
Vulva
The vulva is the part of the body of female mammals (including women) where the outside parts of the reproductive system can be seen. The parts of the vulva that can be seen are the:
The mons pubis is the area of skin and fat above the other structures. It protects the other structures below it. The labia majora are thick areas of skin and fat located to the side of the urinary and vaginal openings. Smaller and thinner labia are the labia minora. These structures are connected to the hood of the clitoris. They are close to the vagina. Many people call the vagina when they mean the vulva. The vagina is the tube connecting the internal parts (the womb) to the vulva.
Madeleine Mantock
Madeleine Mantock (born 26 May 1990) is a British actress. She is known for her work on the television series Into the Badlands and a remake of the series The Tomorrow People. She also stars in the lead role of witch Macy Vaughn on The CW series Charmed. She was born in Nottingham, England.
Sarah Jeffery
Sarah Marie Jeffery (born April 3, 1996) is a Canadian actress, singer and dancer. She is known for her work on the NBC series Shades of Blue and Disney Channel's Descendants franchise. She also plays Maggie Vera on the CW series Charmed.
Pericyclic reaction
In organic chemistry, a pericyclic reaction is a type of chemical reaction between organic compounds. In the case of pericyclic reactions, the transition state of the molecule is a ring (has a cyclic geometry), and the reaction goes forward in a concerted way. Pericyclic reactions are usually rearrangement reactions. The most important groups of pericyclic reactions are:
G. Kishan Reddy
Gangapuram Kishan Reddy (born 15 June 1960) is an Indian politician. He is currently serving as Minister of State for Home Affairs, Government of India. He is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).
Pericyclic reaction
In general, pericyclic reactions are equilibrium processes. However, it is possible to push the reaction in one direction if the product is at a significantly lower energy level. This is applying Le Chatelier's principle to a reaction involving a single molecule.
G. Kishan Reddy
He is an MP representing Secunderabad (Lok Sabha constituency) since 2019. He served the floor leader of the BJP in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in 2009. He gave it up after being elected as the state BJP president of erstwhile Andhra Pradesh.
Pericyclic reaction
Many pericyclic reactions have similar stepwise radical processes connected with them. Chemists disagree whether some reactions are pericyclic reactions. For example, it is not definitively known whether the [2+2] cycloaddition mechanism is concerted (or may depend on the reactive system). Many pericyclic reactions have similar reactions that are metal-catalyzed. But these metal-catalyzed reactions are also not really pericyclic. The metal catalysts stabilize the reaction intermediates. So the reaction is not concerted, but rather metal-stabilized.
A large photoinduced hydrogen sigmatropic shift was utilized in a corrin synthesis performed by Albert Eschenmoser containing a 16π system.
Due to the principle of microscopic reversibility, there is a parallel set of "retro" pericyclic reactions, which perform the reverse reaction.
Pericyclic reactions in biochemistry
Pericyclic reactions also happen in several biological processes:
References
Organic Chemistry
Stress (mechanics)
Stress is the force per unit area on a body that tends to cause it to change shape.
Stress is a measure of the internal forces in a body between its particles. These internal forces are a reaction to the external forces applied on the body that cause it to separate, compress or slide. External forces are either surface forces or body forces. Stress is the average force per unit area that a particle of a body exerts on an adjacent particle, across an imaginary surface that separates them.
The formula for uniaxial normal stress is:
where σ is the stress, F is the force and A is the surface area.
In SI units, force is measured in newtons and area in square metres. This means stress is newtons per square meter, or N/m2. However, stress has its own SI unit, called the pascal. 1 pascal (symbol Pa) is equal to 1 N/m2. In Imperial units, stress is measured in pound-force per square inch, which is often shortened to "psi". The dimension of stress is the same as that of pressure.
In continuum mechanics, the loaded deformable body behaves as a continuum. So, these internal forces are distributed continually within the volume of the material body. (This means that the stress distribution in the body is expressed as a piecewise continuous function of space and time.) The forces cause deformation of the body's shape. The deformation can lead to a permanent shape change or structural failure if the material is not strong enough.
Some models of continuum mechanics treat force as something that can change. Other models look at the deformation of matter and solid bodies, because the characteristics of matter and solids are three dimensional. Each approach can give different results. Classical models of continuum mechanics assume an average force and do not properly include "geometrical factors". (The geometry of the body can be important to how stress is shared out and how energy builds up during the application of the external force.)
Simple stresses
In some situations, the stress within an object can be described by a single number, or by a single vector (a number and a direction). Three such simple stress situations are the uniaxial normal stress, the simple shear stress, and the isotropic normal stress.
Uniaxial normal stress
Tensile stress (or tension) is the stress state leading to expansion; that is, the length of a material tends to increase in the tensile direction. The volume of the material stays constant. When equal and opposite forces are applied on a body, then the stress due to this force is called tensile stress.
Therefore in a uniaxial material the length increases in the tensile stress direction and the other two directions will decrease in size. In the uniaxial manner of tension, tensile stress is induced by pulling forces. Tensile stress is the opposite of compressive stress.
Tensile stress may be increased until the reach of tensile strength, namely the limit state of stress.
Stress in one-dimensional bodies
All real objects occupy three-dimensional space. However, if two dimensions are very large or very small compared to the others, the object may be modelled as one-dimensional. This simplifies the mathematical modelling of the object. One-dimensional objects include a piece of wire loaded at the ends and viewed from the side, and a metal sheet loaded on the face and viewed up close and through the cross section.
Schoschana Rabinovici
Schoschana Rabinovici (née Suzanne Weksler; November 14, 1932 – August 2, 2019) was a Holocaust survivor. She was the author of the memoir Dank meiner Mutter (1994) which was published in the United States in 1998 under the title Thanks to My Mother. She survived Vilnius Ghetto and the Kaiserwald and Stutthof Nazi concentration camps as a young girl (ages 8 to 12).
Gluttony
Gluttony is a wasting of resources. Usually it is food that is wasted. Either one person eats too much, or the person does something so the food (or the resources) do not reach those who need it.
In Christianity, this is considered to be one of the Seven deadly sins.
Sandbox video game
Sandbox video games are a form of video game that implements a "sandbox" design. These games are usually open world games. A few examples of this design concept are Grand Theft Auto and Minecraft, Second Life. There are also games dedicated to sandboxes for scientific purposes.
Division of Brisbane
The Division of Brisbane is an Australian Electoral Division in Queensland. It was one of the 75 divisions set up for the first federal election in 1901. It is named after the city of Brisbane.
At first, the Division of Brisbane included the northern part of the City of Brisbane, but boundary changes cut it back to the inner suburban area.
It includes Alderley, Ascot, Ashgrove, Bowen Hills, Brisbane City, Clayfield, Enoggera, Ferny Grove, Fortitude Valley, Gaythorne, Grange, Hamilton, Hendra, Herston, Kelvin Grove, Keperra, Milton, Mitchelton, New Farm, Newmarket, Newstead, Red Hill, Spring Hill, Upper Kedron, Wilston, Windsor, parts of Bardon, Everton Park, Paddington and Stafford.
Isela Vega
Isela Vega Durazo (5 November 1939 – 9 March 2021) was a Mexican actress, singer-songwriter, and filmmaker. She was born in Hermosillo, Sonora. She was best known for her role as Elita in Sam Peckinpah's Bring Me the Head of Alfredo Garcia. She also starred as Victoria Aguirre in the Netflix original series The House of Flowers.
Vega died of cancer in Mexico City on 9 March 2021 at the age of 81.
Rosalia Lazaro Calleja
Rosalia Lazaro Calleja (born January 25, 1975 in Madrid) is a track and field athlete from Spain. She has a disability: She is blind and a T12/P12/F12/B2 type athlete. She was at the 1996 Summer Paralympics and competed in the long jump and pentathlon. She finished second in the long jump and 9 in the pentathlon. She was at the 2000 Summer Paralympics and competed in the long jump. She finished first. She was at the 2004 Summer Paralympics and competed in the long jump and finished second. She was at the 2008 Summer Paralympics and competed in the long jump 100 meter race.
Adam Robitel
Adam Robitel (born May 28, 1978) is an American filmmaker and actor.
2023 Atlantic hurricane season
The 2023 Atlantic hurricane season is the current hurricane season in the Atlantic Ocean. The season began on June 1 and will end on November 30. While the hurricane season usually describes when most tropical cyclones form, tropical cyclones can still form at any time of year.
Season summary
The 2023 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1 and will end on November 30. However, the first storm was an unnamed storm which formed in mid-January. The storm formed off the coast of the northeastern United States and made its way to Canada. On June 2, Tropical Storm Arlene became the first named storm of the season. Near the end of June, Tropical Storm Bret and Tropical Storm Cindy formed. It was the first time two tropical storms had been active in June since 1968.
Unnamed Subtropical Storm
On January 16, the National Hurricane Center (NHC) began tracking a storm north of Bermuda. The storm brought rain and snow to parts of New England, including 3.5 in of snow in Boston, Massachusetts. The storm continued north into Canada, bringing strong winds to parts of Nova Scotia and Newfoundland. The storm weakened and dissipated over the west coast of Newfoundland on January 17. No damage was reported from the storm.
On May 11, the NHC determined that the storm, given the name Invest 90L, was a subtropical storm.
Tropical Storm Arlene
On May 30, the NHC began tracking a storm over the Gulf of Mexico. On June 1, the storm was named Tropical Depression Two and was located west of the south coast of Florida. On June 2, the NHC announced the storm had strengthened and was named Tropical Storm Arlene. Poor weather prevented Arlene from strengthening as it moved south and eventually dissipated.
Tropical Storm Bret
On June 15, the NHC began watching a tropical wave leaving West Africa. On June 19, the system became organized and was named Tropical Depression Three. Later that day, the storm strengthened and was named Tropical Storm Bret. Bret strengthened as it approached the Lesser Antilles, with winds up to 70 mph. Tropical Storm Bret passed to the north of Barbados and over St. Vincent overnight on June 22–23. Early on June 24, Bret passed to the north of Aruba before dissipating near the Guajira Peninsula of Colombia.
Hewanorra International Airport on Saint Lucia recorded a wind gust of 69 mph. Tropical Storm Bret damaged or destroyed several homes in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and knocked out about 60% of the electrical grid on Saint Lucia.
Tropical Storm Cindy
On June 18, the NHC began tracking a tropical wave off the coast of West Africa. The storm became organized and was given the name Tropical Depression Four on June 22. The next day, the storm strengthened and was named Tropical Storm Cindy early the next day. Cindy reached its peak strength, with sustained winds of 60 mph, but soon began to weaken. Cindy degenerated into a tropical wave on the evening of June 25 northeast of the Leeward Islands.
Storm names
This list of names will be used for storms which form in the North Atlantic in 2023. It is the same list used in 2017, except for Harold, Idalia, Margot, and Nigel. These names have replaced Harvey, Irma, Maria, and Nate.
Season effects
This is a table of all storms which have formed in the 2023 Atlantic hurricane season. All damage figures are in 2023 USD.
Grans
Grans is a commune of 4,078 people (2007). It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in the south of France.
Yakovlev Yak-9
The Yakovlev Yak-9 was a successful WWII fighter used by the Russian air force with the Allies. This aircraft was usually utilised as a support aircraft as it had multirole fighting capabilities. It came equipped with good armament and was rather maneuverable at quick speeds. These aircraft were also up against German BF-109s and other Axis aircraft.
Citations
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José E. Serrano
José Enrique Serrano (born October 24, 1943) is an American politician. He was a member of the United States House of Representatives from 1990 until 2021. Serrano is a Democrat from New York.
He is not running for re-election in 2020 due to a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease.
Blaine, Kentucky
Blaine is a city of Kentucky in the United States. It is in Lawrence County.
Disha Patani
Disha Patani is an Indian actress. She mainly works in Hindi movies. She made her acting debut in the Telugu movie Loafer (2015) with Varun Tej. She later made her Hindi debut in the sports biopic M.S. Dhoni: The Untold Story (2016). She starred in the Chinese action comedy Kung Fu Yoga (2017), which is one of the highest earning Chinese movies. She played the lady-love of the main male character in the profit-making Hindi action movies Baaghi 2 (2018) and Bharat (2019).
Early life
Patani is a Kumaoni from Uttarakhand. Her hometown is Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh. She has studied engineering. She is from the Rajput community. Her father Jagdish Singh Patani is a policeman and her mother is a health inspector. Her elder sister Khushboo Patani is a lieutenant in the Indian Armed Forces. She also has a younger brother Suryansh Patani.
Ida Siekmann
Ida Siekmann (23 August 1902 – 22 August 1961) was a German nurse who became the first known person to die at the Berlin Wall, only nine days after they started building it.
Prince Nikolaos of Greece and Denmark
Prince Nikolaos of Greece and Denmark (Greek: Νικόλαος; born 1 October 1969) is the third child of Constantine II (1940–2023) and Anne-Marie of Denmark, who were the last King and Queen of Greece, from 1964 to 1973.
Early life
Nikolaos was born at Casa di Cura Privata Nuova Villa Claudia in Rome, Italy, on October 1, 1969. He is the first royal child to be born in hospital from Constantine II of Greece and Anne-Marie of Denmark. His family had been living in exile since December 1967. His father was deposed in 1973 and the monarchy abolished on December 8, 1974.
Umberto Eco
Umberto Eco (January 5, 1932 – February 19, 2016) was an Italian writer and professor of medieval history in Bologna.
Eco was born in 1932 in northern Italy.
Disha Patani
Career
Patani made her debut in 2015 with Varun Tej in the Telugu movie Loafer. She played the role of Mouni, a girl who runs away from home to escape from a forced marriage. The movie was directed by Puri Jagannath and produced by C. Kalyan. It was produced under C.K. Entertainment. The movie was made on a budget of ₹200 million. It performed poorly at the box office with a total collection of ₹106 million. Next year, Disha appeared in a music video Befikra with Tiger Shroff. It was produced by Bhushan Kumar and Krishan Kumar. It was produced under T-Series and was composed by Meet Bros. The song was written and directed by Meet Bros. Singer Aditi Singh Sharma gave her voice in the song.
Umberto Eco
As a student, he studied philosophy, history, literature, and educational sciences. He finished his studies in 1954 with a doctoral thesis about Thomas Aquinas. In 1962, he married.
Disha Patani
Career
Patani got her successful role with Neeraj Pandey's biographical sports movie M.S. Dhoni: The Untold Story. It was based on the life of former Indian cricket team captain Mahendra Singh Dhoni. The movie also stars Sushant Singh Rajput and Kiara Advani.
Umberto Eco
His career as an author began with The Name of the Rose in 1980, after he had already written many academic papers.
Biography
Eco was born on January 5, 1932 in Alessandria. His family had 13 sons. He studied philosophy and humanities at the University of Turin. He received a Ph.D. there.
Eco worked as a professor in different places. Starting in 1971, he held the chair of semiotics at the University of Bologna. At a university, a "chair" is the highest rank a professor can earn. He was also given honorary degrees by thirty different universities.
He had been named satrap of pataphysics for his humorous works. One of his most important books is How to Travel with a Salmon.
Eco worked in the mass media as well, creating cultural programs. His interests were the Middle Ages, languages, and the classics. He was also an expert on James Bond.
On February 19, 2016, Eco died at his home in Milan, Italy, of pancreatic cancer. He was 84.
Cal Worthington
Calvin Coolidge "Cal" Worthington (November 27, 1920 – September 8, 2013) was an American car dealer. He was best known for his radio and television advertisements for the Worthington Dealership Group. He appeared with either a tiger, a seal, an elephant, a chimpanzee, a hippopotamus, or a bear.
Worthington was born on November 27, 1920 in Shidler, Oklahoma. He was named after then-Vice President of the United States Calvin Coolidge. Worthington died on September 8, 2013 in Orland, California from natural causes, aged 92.
Greed
Greed is a desire to have more goods, or more wealth than is needed. Christianity says that greed is one of the Seven deadly sins. There it is listed as avarice, or in Latin avaritia.
Hoofdzonde
Blue Ridge Manor, Kentucky
Blue Ridge Manor is a city of Kentucky in the United States.
U Lacertae
U Lacertae is a binary star located in the Lacerta constellation. The main star is a red supergiant 1,022 times larger than our Sun.
T46 disability sport classification
T46 disability sport classification is a group for track and field athletes missing their arm from near the top of their arm. Similar disability sport classification groups are T40, T42, T43, T44, T45.
Bloomfield, Kentucky
Bloomfield is a city in Kentucky in the United States.
Lucien Degauchy
Lucien Degauchy (11 June 1937 – 11 February 2022) was a French politician. He was a member of the National Assembly of France from 1993 to 2017. He represented the Oise department. He was a member of the Union for a Popular Movement.
Degauchy died on 11 February 2022, at the age of 84.
Bonnieville, Kentucky
Bonnieville is a city of Kentucky in the United States.
Waverly Person
Waverly J. Person (May 1, 1926 – February 10, 2022) was an American seismologist. He helped create the National Earthquake Information Center. He began working for the United States Army and also worked for the United States Department of Commerce.
Eraldo Pecci
Eraldo Pecci (born 12 April, 1955) is a former Italian football player. He has played for Italy national team.
Club career statistics
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Pedro Villagrán
Pedro Villagrán (1946 – 11 February 2022) was a Spanish politician. He was a member of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party. He was a Senator for the Province of Málaga between 2004 and 2008.
Villagrán died on 11 February 2022, at the age of 75.
Lou Ottens
Lou Ottens (21 June 1926 – 6 March 2021) was a Dutch engineer. He worked his entire career at Philips. He was known as the inventor of the cassette tape. Ottens was born in Bellingwolde, Netherlands
Ottens died on 6 March 2021 in Duizel, Netherlands at the age of 94.
Booneville, Kentucky
Booneville is a city of Kentucky in the United States.
Concord, Massachusetts
Concord is a town in east-central Massachusetts, not that far away from Boston. The population for Concord in the 2010 Census was nearly 17,700. The town is extremely notable for playing significant roles in the history of America. The town was the primary battle scene during the American Revolutionary War. Concord was established around 1635.
Zbečník
Zbečník is a village in north-eastern Bohemia, Czech Republic. It is approximately 5 km from the border with Poland. It is 3 km long and is part of the town of Hronov. The oldest known written evidence of Zbečník dates to the 15th century. It mentions a fortress of Quicken on a hill above Zbečník.
Geography
Zbečník is along the main road through the Zbečník stream valley. It is next to the town of Hronov, to the east. The stream flows through the village and joins the river Metuje at Hronov. To the north of the village is a mountain called Maternice. It rises 567 m above sea level. On this mountain is a source of drinking water called Skalákova studánka. In the early 19th century there were attempts to mine coal on Maternice mountain. Because of the poor quality of the coal all mining was discontinued.
Climate
As Zbečník is in a valley. It experiences greater climatic extremes than nearby towns and villages. It is prone to colder winter temperatures, dropping to -20 °C to -30 °C and hottest summer days up to 30 °C to 35 °C.
Bircham International University
Bircham International University is an educational institution of higher education. It uses distance education. It offers adult degree programs. It is registered in Spain and Delaware. In the past it operated from the Bahamas or the United Kingdom. It has no recognized educational accreditation in any of these places.
It is a member of the European Foundation for Quality in eLearning. It is also a member of the International Accreditation and Recognition Council, an unrecognized accreditation agency in the United States. Bircham states that it was accredited by the American Association for Higher Education and Accreditation in 2010. This organization is not a recognized accreditation body.
Daedalus
Daedalus was King Minos' head architect in ancient Greece and son of Athena. When King Minos of Crete was having some sovereignty problems, he asked Poseidon, god of the sea, for an offering to sacrifice to him as a sign as true kingship. So Poseidon sent a snow-white bull straight out of the sea foam. Once the people of Crete saw the bull, they all agreed that it was a sign of true kingship. However, once King Minos saw the bull, he refused to sacrifice the bull, kept it for himself, and sacrificed another bull to Poseidon, thus angering him. Poseidon put a curse on Minos’ wife, making her fall in love with the bull. She loved it so much that she wanted to mate with it. Minos called for the help of Daedalus, who built a wooden bull and put Queen Pasiphae inside it, thus calming her anxiety for mating with the bull. She soon became pregnant with half-man, half-bull (also called the Minotaur).
K-9 and Company
K-9 and Company was a 1981 television spin-off of the original series of Doctor Who. It featured Sarah Jane Smith, played by Elisabeth Sladen, and K-9, a robotic dog. Both characters had been companions of the Fourth Doctor, but they had not appeared together before. A single episode, "A Girl's Best Friend", was produced, but the series was not taken up.