cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
African Americans
Population statistics
Virginia is home to the longest continuous experience of African American life and culture in the United States spanning more than four centuries – beginning before the first English settlement at Jamestown and through the Revolutionary War, Civil War, Emancipation and the Civil Rights eras.
Outside of the United States, the history of African Americans in Ghana goes back to people such as American civil rights activist and writer W. E. B. Du Bois, who settled in Ghana in the last years of his life and is buried in the capital Accra. Since then, other African Americans who are descended from slaves imported from areas within the present-day jurisdiction of Ghana and neighboring states have applied for permanent resident status in Ghana. As of 2015, the number of African American residents has been estimated at 3,000 people, a large portion of whom live in Accra.
Texas has the largest African American population of any state in 2019. Followed by, Florida, Georgia and New York. The New York City metropolitan area has the largest African American metropolitan population. In 2019, the South had the largest black population by region.
New York City has had the largest number of African Americans by city, followed by Chicago, Detroit, Philadelphia and Houston.
African Americans from north are moving back to the Southern United States and the suburbs. African Americans are moving to smaller cities especially in Fort Worth, Texas, Columbus, Ohio, Jacksonville, Florida and Charlotte, North Carolina.
1.2 million African Americans are lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgendered.
Genetic studies
Many African Americans have European ancestry and Native American along with African ancestry.
Recent surveys of African Americans using a genetic testing service have found varied ancestries. These studies found that on average, African Americans have 73.2–82.1% West African, 16.7%–24% European, and 0.8–1.2% Native American genetic ancestry, with large variation between individuals.
Genetics websites themselves have reported similar ranges, with some finding 1 or 2 percent Native American ancestry and Ancestry.com reporting an outlying percentage of European ancestry among African Americans of 29%. 38% of African Americans have Irish ancestry.
African American men have the second highest interracial marriage rate, behind Asian American women. Interracial marriage between African Americans and white people has rapidly increased.
History
At the same time, there were many free African Americans in the north. Unlike slaves, they were allowed to start churches, write newspapers, and sometimes own property. Frederick Douglass was an important abolitionist (fighter against slavery). Harriet Tubman helped to create the Underground Railroad, which helped African Americans to sneak away from their masters and become free. During the American Civil War from 1861 to 1865, the south broke away from the United States to form the Confederate States of America, or Confederacy. The United States won the war, and in 1865, it freed all slaves (about 4 million) by the 13th amendment.
African Americans were not slaves anymore, but white southerners passed laws called Black Codes that took away their freedom. Some African Americans served in government, but after 1877, the white southerners mostly kept them out of government. Whites founded the Ku Klux Klan to scare African Americans and stop them from voting. Most southern African Americans became sharecroppers. Sharecropping was a system in which the farmers rented the land from the landowner and had to pay the landowner part of their crops. Jim Crow laws segregated white and black people. Black people had to go to different schools and usually live in different neighborhoods than white people. Many businesses were for whites only. The Supreme Court case Plessy v. Ferguson said that black and white facilities could be separate but equal, but facilities for black people were usually worse. Lynching was often practiced against African Americans.
In the 1950s and 1960s, the Civil Rights Movement called for equality between African Americans and whites. The 1954 Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education banned racial segregation in schools. Many Southern schools still stopped black students from attending, until 1957, when federal troops forced a school in Little Rock, Arkansas to allow black students (called the Little Rock Nine). In 1955, Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a segregated bus. This started the Montgomery Bus Boycott, which involved Martin Luther King. King and Malcolm X were two leaders of the Civil Rights Movement, but they were both killed in the 1960s. In 1964, the Civil Rights Act banned discrimination based on race.
Racism against African Americans is still prevalent in 2020. In 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic, George Floyd was killed by a white police officer. Black Lives Matter is a movement which started in 2013.
Language and society
With their American born children came the first generation of English speaking African Americans. But this development was not the same all over the country. For example; even today the Gullah of the Sea Islands off the Carolina and Georgia coasts still speak a language that is a blend of several African languages. They are the descendants of slaves from different countries in Africa.
In the United States when Americans say African-American or Black, they are referring to the same people. Both terms describe an ethnic group that came to exist in the United States. The Africans who were brought to America as slaves were from different nationalities and did not all speak the same language. They became a new blended ethnic group with a new language that was not their own: English.
Blacks used to be segregated in schools but since the 1960s were able to join major schools, colleges and universities. In the second half of the 20th century, reading-ability rates for blacks increased.
In Louisiana, Some blacks speak Louisiana Creole, a Creole language similar to French. In the 19th century, the majority of south Louisiana's blacks spoke Louisiana Creole.
Culture
Black culture in the United States is influenced by African, European and Native American cultures. African Americans have influenced various forms of music, including Hip hop, R&B, funk, rock and roll, soul, blues, and other contemporary American musical forms while older black forms of music included blues, doo-wop, barbershop, ragtime, bluegrass, jazz, and gospel music. Michael Jackson, an African-American pop singer, released an album called Thriller in 1982 which is the best-selling album of all time. In the nineties Beyonce Knowles became famous as the lead singer of the R&B girl band Destiny's Child. In the 2000s she started releasing music on her own. Her first album Dangerously in Love sold 11 million copies and won five Grammy Awards.
Black culture has been the subject of documentaries. For example, the award-winning Black Is, Black Ain't explores black identity. Good Hair discusses the significance of having 'good hair' for black women in American culture.
There is a National Museum of African American History and Culture in Washington D.C.
Protestant Christianity is the most practised religion by African Americans.
Kwanzaa and Juneteenth are popular African American holidays.
Racism and issues
African Americans are more likely to experience racism. African American males are more likely to be killed by police, which resulted in the Black Lives Matter movement. African Americans are more likely to die from diseases like COVID-19, HIV, obesity and diabetes. African Americans still suffer from poverty and unemployment. African Americans are more likely to eat fast food. Heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and homicide is the main causes of death for African Americans.
The suicide rate for African Americans increased due to racism, police brutality and the COVID-19 pandemic.
In 2022, a white gunman killed ten African Americans at a grocery store in Buffalo, New York. 32% of African Americans said they worry every day that they might be threatened or attacked because of their race.
African Americans have a harder time getting good jobs because of their race.
55% of African American adults have high blood pressure.
African Americans are more likely to become homeless than whites. African Americans make up 40 percent of the homeless population in the United States.
African Americans are more likely to get punished and arrested for drugs such as marijuana than whites.
African Americans are more likely to experience hunger and lack of access to food.
African Americans are more likely to catch monkeypox and less likely to receive vaccines for the disease.
Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin
Wisconsin Dells or Kilbourn City is a city in south-central Wisconsin, with a population of 2,678 people as of the 2010 census. It is surrounded by four counties: Adams, Columbia, Juneau, and Sauk. The city takes its name from the dells of the Wisconsin River, a scenic, glacially formed gorge that features striking sandstone formations along the banks of the Wisconsin River. Together with nearby Lake Delton, the city forms an area known as "the Dells", a popular Midwestern tourist destination. The Dells area has an estimated five million annual visitors.
Sid Caesar
Sid Caesar (Isaac Sidney Caesar; September 8, 1922 – February 12, 2014) was an American comedian and actor. Caesar stared in Your Show of Shows from 1950 until 1954 and in Grease as Coach Calhoun. Before becoming a comedian, Caesar was a musician. He won two Emmy Awards during his career.
Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin
The Dells area has many indoor and outdoor waterparks, proclaiming itself the "Waterpark Capital of the World". Other attractions include boat tours, golf courses, mini golf, go-kart tracks, water sports, horseback riding, a water ski show, museums, amusement parks, and a casino. Most attractions are located on the Strip, otherwise known as the Wisconsin Dells Parkway. Accommodations range from economical motels to RV parks to chain hotels to themed resorts featuring indoor and outdoor waterparks and other amenities.
Sid Caesar
Caesar died on the morning of February 12, 2014 in Beverly Hills, California from natural causes, aged 91.
Yandobinskoye Rural Settlement
Yandobinskoye Rural Settlement (Яндобинское се́льское поселе́ние; Юнтапа ял тăрăхĕ, Yountapa jal tărăkhĕ) is an administrative and municipal division (a rural settlement) of Alikovsky District of the Chuvash Republic, Russia. It is located in the central part of the district. Its administrative center is the locality (a selo) of Yandoba. Rural settlement's population: 1,081 (2006 est.).
James Tobin
James Tobin (March 5, 1918 – March 11, 2002) was an American economist. Outside academia, Tobin became widely known for his suggestion of a tax on foreign exchange transactions, now known as the "Tobin tax". This was designed to reduce speculation on currency markets, which he saw as unproductive. He also suggested that the money gained from the tax could be used to fund projects for the benefit of Third World countries, or to support the United Nations.
Olaf Pooley
Olaf Pooley (13 March 1914 – 14 July 2015) was an English actor and screenwriter. He was known for his roles in Highly Dangerous, Hell Is Sold Out, The Lost People, The Huggetts Aboard, and in Lifeforce.
Yandobinskoye Rural Settlement
Yandobinskoye Rural Settlement comprises twelve rural localities.
The Cheboksary–Alikovo highway crosses the territory of the rural settlement.
James Tobin
Tobin's academic work included pioneering contributions to the study of investment, monetary and fiscal policy and financial markets. He promoted and developed the ideas of Keynesian economics. He believed that governments should intervene in the economy in order to stabilise output and avoid recessions.
Soufiane Ben Farhat
Sofiane Ben Farhat (Arabic: سيفيان بن فرحات) is a Tunisian journalist and broadcaster working in the French-speaking newspaper Libras.
Career
After the Tunisian revolution, he joined the Nasma Channel but was eliminated as a result of his solidarity with the Kasbah 2 sit-in. He then joined the Tunisian Channel, where he participated in the radio a special dialogue programme and presented the programme "Separation of the article" on the same channel. He then returned to Nasma Channel, where he worked as a political analyst on Nasma. He presented 2017 the show "Natek News" on National Channel I and started September 2018 presenting the program "Unattended" on South Channel. Since the beginning of 2019, "Midmad" has been broadcast on Radio Mead.
Writings
Meetings with exceptional Tunisians, Ceras Publishing, 2006.
Hanshin Tigers
The Hanshin Tigers are a Japanese baseball team. They are based in the Kansai region in central Japan.
Maihama Station
Maihama Station (舞浜駅) is a train station run by JR East. It is in Urayasu, Chiba, Japan. This is the main station for Tokyo Disney Resort.
Greater Middle East
The Greater Middle East (also known as "The New Middle East") is a political term that groups together various countries, related to the Arab world with Iran and Turkey, marginal countries such as Pakistan and Afghanistan. Various Central Asian countries and the lower Caucasus (Azerbaijan, Armenia, and Georgia) and Cyprus and Greece are sometimes also included. Some speakers may use the term to denote areas with significant Muslim majorities, but this usage is not universal. The countries and Territories of the GME are as the following:
The Anniversary (movie)
The Anniversary is a 1968 British black comedy movie directed by Roy Ward Baker and based on the play of the same name by Bill MacIlwraith. It stars Bette Davis, James Cossins, Jack Hedley, Sheila Hancock, Christian Roberts and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Rhyme
Rhyme means words that sound the same or similar in their endings. Poems and popular song lyrics often use rhyme. A simple poem can also be called a rhyme.
The counting song
uses "internal rhymes," rhymes that fall within a single line instead of at the end of lines. In another children's poem,
knack and whack give another example of internal rhyme. Also, the rhymes at the ends of the lines, bone and home, are not "exact rhymes." Exact rhymes are the same in everything but the first sound. Exact rhymes are the most common type of rhyme and can be formed easily with common sounds in English:
Other rhymes are not exact but only similar:
Here, the rhymes are not exact rhymes. Also, gander and wander are "sight rhymes," words that look like rhymes when printed but do not sound quite alike. Sight rhymes are more common in poetry meant to be read, than in songs or verse meant to be sung or spoken aloud and heard by listeners.
Rhymes can be made up of more than one word, as in the short poem Rondeau by James Henry Leigh Hunt:
Some poets and writers use very unusual rhymes. Well-known examples are in the song lyrics to the 1939 MGM film version of L. Frank Baum's The Wizard of Oz. The lyrics, written by E. Y. "Yip" Harburg, use many odd rhymes, plus internal rhymes, complex rhyme patterns, and other tricks of language. W. S. Gilbert, the lyricist for the Gilbert and Sullivan comic operas, wrote the same way. The books of Dr. Seuss are also famous for their many strange rhymes.
Poets who choose to avoid rhyme write in blank verse or free verse.
Pontic Mountains
The Pontic Mountains are a mountain range in Turkey. They are in northern Anatolia, close to the southern coast of the Black Sea. The coastal region here is called Pontus.
Concressault
Concressault is a commune in Cher, Centre-Val de Loire, France. About 202 people lived there in January 2019.
Province of Pesaro and Urbino
The Province of Pesaro and Urbino (Provincia di Pesaro e Urbino) is a province in the Marche region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Pesaro.
The province is also known as "Riviera of Hills". It is mostly covered by hills and is popular for its beaches.
Geography
Pesaro and Urbino has an area of 2567.78 km2, the second largest province of the Marche after the Macerata province. The province is surrounded by the state of San Marino and Emilia-Romagna in the north, Umbria and Tuscany in the west, Ancona in the south and the Adriatic Sea on the east.
The main rivers in the province, from north to south, are (all of them flow to the east into the Adriatic Sea)ː
The highest mountain in the province is Monte Catria,(43.46111°N, 12.70417°W) in the Apennines; it is 1701 m high.
Population
There are 360,711 persons living in the province (1 January 2017), for a population density of inhabitants/km².
Municipalities
There are 54 municipalities (or comuni) in the province; they are:
The largest comune is Urbino, with 226.50 km2 and the smallest is Gabicce Mare, with 4.94 km2. The comune with fewest people living in it is Frontino with 293 inhabitants.
Main comuni
The following table shows the 10 comuni with more inhabitants with their population, and their area and altitude.
Bradford
Bradford is a major city in West Yorkshire, England. The city has a population of about 500,000 people. Bradford grew due to its excellence in the textile trades of nineteenth century England. Bradford is home to Bradford City Football Club who became the first English football club to win the current FA Cup trophy in 1911.
Bradford is near Leeds. The two cities share the Leeds Bradford International Airport.
Asian snake-eyed skink
The Asian snake-eyed skink (Ablepharus pannonicus) is a species of skink. It lives in the Caucasus Mountains and the Greater Middle East. It is a small skink, with a body color that can be brown or copper green, and some have a white stripe along their side. Like a snake, it does not have moveable eyelids.
Battle of Mactan
The Battle of Mactan was fought in the Philippines on April 27, 1521. It was the first time the Filipino people fought back against the Spanish invaders led by Ferdinand Magellan. Led by the chief Lapu-Lapu, they attacked the Spanish at Punta Engano on the northeast corner of Mactan Island. Lapu-Lapu's war chief was Bugto Pasa. Magellan was killed in the battle.
2011 Chicago mayoral election
Candidates needed to collect 12,500 petition signatures by November 22, 2010 to qualify for a place on the ballot. April 5, 2011 was scheduled to be a runoff election date if no candidate received a majority.
Rahm Emanuel won the race for mayor with more than 55% of the vote. He was inaugurated on May 16, 2011.
Six candidates appeared on the February 22 ballot:
Dhyan Chand
Dhyan Chand (29 August 1905 – 3 December 1979) was an Indian field hockey player. He is known as the greatest field hockey player of all time. His skill is compared to footballer Pelé.
His birthday, 29th August, is celebrated as National Sports Day in India every year. He received the Padma Bhushan from the Government of India in 1956.
Chand earned three Olympic gold medals in field hockey. These were at the 1928, 1932, and 1936 games.
Early life
Dhyan Chand was born on 29 August 1905 in Allahabad. His father was in the British Indian Army, and he played hockey in the army. The family moved often because of army transfers. The family finally settled in Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Chand joined the Indian Army at the age of 16. The Hindi word Chand literally means "the moon". Dhyan was given the nickname Chand because he would wait until the moon was out so that he could practice hockey.
International competitions
Chand's first international competition was with the Indian Army in New Zealand. The army later gave Chand permission to compete for a place on the Indian Olympic team for Field Hockey.
During the 1928 Olympics, Chand was the top scorer of the tournament, scoring 14 goals in 5 matches. A newspaper report about India's triumph said, “This is not a game of hockey, but magic. Dhyan Chand is in fact the magician of hockey.”
Chand was selected for the 1932 Olympic team without a tryout. The team once again won the gold medal. In the final on 11 August, India played against hosts USA. India won 24-1, a world record at the time.
Saulxures-sur-Moselotte
Saulxures-sur-Moselotte is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Vosges department in northeast France.
Dhyan Chand
International competitions
Chand was again selected without tryout for the 1936 Olympic team. India defeated Germany 8-1 in the final for the gold medal. Chand scored 3 goals.
Legacy
The Dhyan Chand Award is an award in India for lifetime achievement in sports. The National Stadium, Delhi was renamed Dhyan Chand National Stadium in 2002 in his honour.
Family
Chand's younger brother, Roop Singh, played on the Indian Field Hockey team in the 1932 and 1936 Olympics. His son, Ashok Kumar, won an Olympic bronze medal in 1972 for Field Hockey.
Autobiography
Chand's autobiography, Goal!, was published by Sport & Pastime, Madras in 1952.
Peel en Maas
Peel en Maas is a municipality in the Dutch province of Limburg. In 2019, 43,311 people lived there.
It was created on 1 January 2010 from the former municipalities of Helden, Kessel, Maasbree and Meijel.
Modus tollens
Modus tollendo tollens (Latin: the way that denies by denying) is a valid, simple argument form in classical logic. It is referred to as denying the consequent. It is closely related to another valid form of argument, modus ponens or affirming the antecedent. Modus tollens is a very common rule of inference, and takes this form:
Yosuke Nozawa
Yosuke Nozawa (born 9 November 1979) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Shonan Bellmare.
Club career statistics
239||0||7||0||17||0||263||0 239||0||7||0||17||0||263||0
Boom Clap
The single was released on June 15, 2014. It peaked at #6 on the UK Singles chart. It was also #8 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. It got positive reviews by music critics.
Swallow
The swallows and martins are a group of passerine birds in the family Hirundinidae. These birds are adapted to aerial feeding. "Swallow" is used colloquially in Europe as a synonym for the barn swallow.
Within the swallow, the name "martin" tends to be used for the squarer-tailed species, and the name "swallow" for the more fork-tailed species. However, there is no scientific distinction between these two groups. The family contains around 83 species in 19 genera.
Amy Ryan
Amy Ryan (born May 3, 1968) is an American actress. In Gone Baby Gone she played Helene. She was nominated for several awards, including the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. She did not win; however, she received other awards for her performance. Ryan played Beadie Russell in The Wire.
Ryan was born in Queens, New York.
Knob
A knob is a round handle that can be turned or pulled. A doorknob is a round handle that is turned to open a door. A cabinet knob is a small handle that is pulled to open a cabinet door or drawer. A control knob can turn a lamp on and off or make the volume on a radio go up or down.
A "knob" can also be any small, round thing that sticks out.
Coinbase
Coinbase is a company that lets people buy and sell cryptocurrency such as Bitcoin. It's a big company in the US and was started by two people in 2012. The company doesn't have a physical headquarters and all the employees work from home. In 2020, Coinbase decided to close its San Francisco office and operate entirely remotely due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which was a trend seen in many other tech companies at the time.
Oğuzhan Asiltürk
Oğuzhan Asiltürk (25 May 1935 – 1 October 2021) was a Turkish politician. He was Minister of Industry and Technology and Minister of the Interior from 1974 until 1978. He was the Chairman of the Consultative Board of the Felicity Party from 2011 until his death.
On 13 September 2021, Asiltürk was hospitalized in Ankara, Turkey with COVID-19. He died of a heart attack on 1 October 2021 at the age of 86.
Yefremkasinskoye Rural Settlement
Yefremkasinskoye Rural Settlement (Ефремкасинское се́льское поселе́ние; Ехремкасси ял тăрăхĕ, Yountapa jal tărăkhĕ) is an administrative and municipal division (a rural settlement) of Alikovsky District of the Chuvash Republic, Russia. It is located in the central part of the district. Its administrative center is the locality (a village) of Yefremkasy. Rural settlement's population: 2,608 (2006 est.).
Yefremkasinskoye Rural Settlement comprises thirteen rural localities.
The Cheboksary–Vurnary highway crosses the territory of the rural settlement.
Fort Meade, Florida
Fort Meade is a city of Florida in the United States. In 2004, there were 5,761 people living there.
Fort Lauderdale, Florida
Fort Lauderdale is a city in the state of Florida in the United States. It is 23 miles (37 km) north of Miami. As of 2010, the city of Fort Lauderdale had a population of 165,521.
The city is a popular tourist destination. It had 10.35 million visitors in 2006.
Climate
Despite not being below the Tropic of Cancer, Fort Lauderdale has a Tropical Rainforest (Af) Climate with a long hot year with no true dry season.
Jandavra language
Jandavra is a Indo-Aryan language spoken in Sindh, Pakistan. Around 5,000 people speak it. It is also spoken in Rajasthan, India.
NGC 4754
NGC 4754 is a barred lenticular galaxy in the Virgo constellation. It was discovered on on March 15, 1784 by astronomer William Herschel.
Gigantophis
Gigantophis garstini was an extinct giant snake. Before the Paleocene constrictor genus Titanoboa was described from Colombia in 2009, Gigantophis was the largest snake ever recorded. Gigantophis lived about 40 million years ago during the Eocene, in the Paratethys Sea. This was in what is now the northern Sahara, where Egypt and Algeria are now.
Haryanvi language
Haryanvi is a variety of Hindustani spoken in Haryana, India. It is also spoken by Muslim Haryanvi who settled in Karachi, Pakistan who call it Rangri.
Pour Some Sugar on Me
"Pour Some Sugar on Me" is a 1987 heavy metal single by Def Leppard. The song has sexual themes in it. It reached #2 on Billboard Hot 100 in July of 1988.
The song was from Def Leppard's studio album Hysteria.
There are several versions of the song. The extended version is five minutes and 35 seconds long.
Conversion
In general, conversion is the transformation of one thing into another. Articles on particular kinds of conversion are:
Yosuke Fujigaya
Yōsuke Fujigaya (藤ヶ谷 陽介) is a Japanese professional athlete. He is best known as an association football player.
Club career statistics
205||0||23||0||19||0||17||0||264||0 205||0||23||0||19||0||17||0||264||0
Joe Walsh (Illinois politician)
William Joseph Walsh, known as Joe Walsh (born December 27, 1961), is an American conservative talk radio host and former politician.
He served one term in the United States House of Representatives for Illinois' IL's 8th congressional district. He served from January 2011 through January 2013, after defeating three-term incumbent Democratic Representative Melissa Bean by a margin of 291 votes in a surprising upset. He is a member of the Republican Party.
Walsh was defeated by retired U.S. Army Lt. Colonel Tammy Duckworth in the general election on November 6, 2012. He now hosts a conservative radio show on WIND-AM 560.
On August 25, 2019, Walsh announced his candidacy for President of the United States against President Donald Trump for the Republican nomination in 2020. He stated that Trump's behavior in office motivated him to declare his candidacy. He ended his campaign on February 9, 2020.
Crosswords DS
Crosswords DS (also known as CrossworDS) is a crosswords video game made by Nuevo Retro Games and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo DS game console. It has three games - Crosswords, Word search, and Anagrams.
Roerdalen
Roerdalen is a municipality in the Dutch province of Limburg. In 2019, 20,615 people lived there.
Don Lusk
Donald Lusk (October 28, 1913 – December 30, 2018) was an American retired animator and director. He worked for The Walt Disney Company.
Lusk was known for his works in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, Pinocchio, Fantasia, Bambi, Song of the South, Cinderella, Alice in Wonderland, Peter Pan, Lady and the Tramp and Sleeping Beauty.
Lusk died on December 30, 2018 in San Clemente, California at the age of 105.
Winnowing
Winnowing is a farming method developed by ancient people for separating grain from chaff. It is also used to remove weevils or other pests from stored grain. Threshing, which is the loosening of grain or seeds from the husks and straw, comes before winnowing. In place of a winnowing basket a colandar can be used.
In its simplest form it involves throwing the mixture into the air so that the wind blows away the lighter chaff. The heavier grains fall back down for recovery. This method is called "wind-grading". Other methods include using a winnowing fan (a shaped basket shaken to raise the chaff). Yet another is using a tool (a winnowing fork or shovel) on a pile of harvested grain.
Winnowing can also describe the natural removal of fine material from a coarser sediment by wind or flowing water. This is similar to separating wheat from chaff.
Vyacheslav Volodin
Vyacheslav Viktorovich Volodin (Вячесла́в Ви́кторович Воло́дин; born 4 February 1964) is a Russian politician. He is the 10th Chairman of the State Duma since 5 October 2016.
Career
Volodin was Vladimir Putin's aide. He was the Secretary-General of the United Russia party. He was also a deputy in the State Duma from 1999-2001.
From 2010 until 2012, he was Deputy Prime Minister of Russia. He was also a first deputy Chief of Staff of the Presidential Administration of Russia. He also helped in Putin's third term.
Cornusse
Cornusse is a commune in Cher, Centre-Val de Loire, France. About 266 people lived there in January 2019.
Old Alton Bridge
Old Alton Bridge, also known as Goatman's Bridge, is a historic iron through-truss bridge connecting the Texas cities of Denton and Copper Canyon. It was built in 1884.
It originally carried horses and later automobiles over Hickory Creek at a location that once was a popular ford for crossing cattle. The bridge takes its name from the abandoned community of Alton, which between 1850-1856 was the seat of Denton County.
Locally, the bridge is known as "Goatman's Bridge", due to a legendary demonic folk legend of the same name, who is popularly believed to live in the forest surrounding the area.
Edward B. Lewis
Edward B. Lewis (May 20, 1918 – July 21, 2004) was an American geneticist. He shared the 1995 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
Lewis was born in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania He received a BA in Biostatistics from the University of Minnesota in 1939.
In 1942 Lewis received a PhD from California Institute of Technology (Caltech), working on Drosophila melanogaster under the guidance of Alfred Sturtevant.
After serving as a meteorologist in the U.S. Air Force in World War II, Lewis joined the Caltech faculty in 1946 as an instructor. In 1956 he was appointed Professor of Biology, and in 1966 the Thomas Hunt Morgan Professor of Biology.
His Nobel Prize winning studies with Drosophila founded the field of developmental genetics and laid the groundwork for our current understanding of the universal, evolutionarily conserved strategies controlling animal development.
His key publications in the fields of genetics, developmental biology, radiation and cancer are available in a book.
Effects of radiation
During the 1950s, Lewis studied the effects of radiation from X-rays, nuclear fallout and other sources as possible causes of cancer. He reviewed medical records from survivors of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, as well as radiologists and patients exposed to X-rays. Lewis concluded that "health risks from radiation had been underestimated". Lewis published articles in Science and other journals and made a presentation to a Congressional committee on atomic energy in 1957.
Genes regulating development
In a series of experiments with the fruit-fly Drosophila, Lewis was able to identify a complex of genes whose proteins bind to the regulatory regions of target genes. The latter then activate or repress cell processes which direct the final development of the organism.
The sequence of these control genes show co-linearity: the order of the loci in the chromosome parallels the order in which the loci are expressed in segments along the body. Not only that, but this cluster of master control genes programs the development of all higher organisms.
Each of the genes contains a homeobox, a remarkably conserved DNA sequence. This suggests the complex itself arose by gene duplication.
In his Nobel lecture, Lewis said "Ultimately, comparisons of the [control complexes] throughout the animal kingdom should provide a picture of how the organisms, as well as the [control genes] have evolved".
Saint-Aubin-de-Scellon
Saint-Aubin-de-Scellon is a commune. It is in Normandy in the Eure department in north France.
Oona O'Neill
Oona, Lady Chaplin (née O'Neill) (14 May 1925 – 27 September 1991) was the fourth wife and later widow of British comic and filmmaker Sir Charles "Charlie" Chaplin. She was the daughter of Nobel and Pulitzer Prize-winning playwright Eugene O'Neill and writer Agnes Boulton.
In 1954, she gave up her American citizenship and became a British citizen.
Clarence House
Clarence House is the home of Charles, Prince of Wales in London. It is part of St James's Palace, and is on The Mall, close to Buckingham Palace (The Queen's home).
The Prince of Wales lives with his wife, Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall there. The Prince of Wales' offices and staff are also based at Clarence House, and any announcements made by his staff are attributed to "Clarence House" as an entity, just like announcements from The Queen are said to be made by "Buckingham Palace".
Prince Charles has lived at Clarence House since 2003. The Queen Mother lived at Clarence House from 1953 (the year after the death of her husband (King George VI)) until 2002, when she died.
Sunflowers Interactive Entertainment Software
Sunflowers Interactive Entertainment Software is a German company that develops and publishes video games. It is in Heusenstamm, Germany. It was founded in 1993 by Adi Boiko and Wilhelm Hamrozi. Boiko is now president of the company and Hamrozi is chief executive officer (CEO). The company is known for the Anno series (also by Max Design), Knights of Honor (by Black Sea Studios) and ParaWorld (by SEK).
List of games
The following is a list of games that have been created or published by Sunflowers:
Heal's
Heal's ("Heal and Sons Ltd") is a British department store furniture and furnishing store chain with six stores. The stores sell an upmarket range of furniture, lighting, accessories, home and garden-wares.
Escape Plan
Escape Plan is an action, melodrama and thriller movie of 2013. The movie is about an engineer who is kept in a secret prison. The engineer is a former prosecutor. Sylvester Stallone plays Ray (the engineer), Arnold Schwarzenegger plays Emil Rottmayer and Victor Mannheim, and 50 Cent plays Hush. This movie was rated R by MPAA officials.
Heal's
It was founded in 1810 by John Harris Heal and his son. At first the company made beds.
Escape Plan
This movie was released in October 2013 with mixed critical reviews. The box office sales were somewhat low in the United States. Overseas, however, the movie performed quite well. It made over US$137 million.
Heal's
The work of Sir Ambrose Heal made the company famous. He worked there for 60 years, from 1893 to 1953. Ambrose Heal was one of the group of designers, industrialists and business people who founded the Design and Industries Association in 1915. Their slogan was "Nothing Need Be Ugly".
All My Children
All My Children was an American soap opera set in a fictional suburb of Philadelphia. Susan Lucci plays Erica Kane. Other famous people have starred, including Sarah Michelle Gellar. The show aired on ABC for 43 years since its beginning until September 23, 2011 when cancellation was announced on April 2011. It was canceled on April 14, 2011 along with One Life to Live due to low ratings and production costs. Another series was shown in 2013.
Cen Chunxuan
Cen Chunxuan (1861 – 27 April 1933) was a Zhuang Chinese politician who lived in the late Qing dynasty and Republic of China. He wanted the Qing to become a monarchy based on a constitution (written set of laws). Empress Dowager Cixi supported him. He was a governor of Guangdong and became a warlord during the ROC but then Sun Yat-sen's government replaced his.
Lithuanian litas
Lithuanian litas (Lithuanian: litas) was the national currency of the Republic of Lithuania. Litas became a currency of Lithuania in 1922, then again in 1993. In present days, there are 8 coins (1, 2, 5, 10, 50 cents and 1, 2 and 5 LTL) and 6 banknotes (10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 500 LTL) in use. It stopped being in use in 2015.
Simpelveld
Simpelveld is a municipality in the Dutch province of Limburg. In 2019, 10,516 people lived there. Since 1982, Bocholtz became a part of the municipality of Simpelveld.
Patti Page
Clara Ann Fowler, better known as Patti Page, (November 8, 1927 - January 1, 2013) was an American singer. She is one of the best known female singers of traditional pop. She was the best selling female artist in the 1950s. She will win an honorary Grammy Award in 2013.
Page was born in Claremore, Oklahoma. Page died on January 1, 2013 in Encinitas, California from natural causes, aged 85.
Ken Livingstone
Kenneth Robert Livingstone (born 17 June 1945) is a British socialist politician. He has twice held the leading political role in London local government. First, he was leader of the Greater London Council from 1981 until the council was abolished in 1986. Secondly, he was the first Mayor of London, from its creation in 2000 until 2008. He also served as Labour Party Member of Parliament for Brent East between 1987 and 2001.
He was elected Mayor of London as an Independent candidate after the Labour Party decided not to nominate him as their candidate in the first mayoral elections. In January 2004, he was re-admitted to the Labour Party. As the official Labour Party candidate for Mayor in the June 2004 elections, he won with a total of 828,380 first- and second-preference votes. On 1 May 2008 Livingstone was defeated in his second re-election bid by Conservative candidate Boris Johnson, and his term as Mayor of London ended on 4 May 2008.
Early and personal life
Livingstone was born in Lambeth, London, England, the son of Ethel Ada (Kennard), a professional dancer, and Robert Moffat Livingstone, who was of Scottish descent and worked as a ship's master in the Merchant Navy. Livingstone has described his parents as "working class Tories".
Livingstone attended Tulse Hill Comprehensive School. He did not pass the eleven-plus examination in 1956 but still managed to obtain a few O-levels. He worked for eight years as a cancer research technician, between 1962 and 1970. He also trained as a teacher, qualifying in 1973, but was never active in the profession. Livingstone joined the Labour Party in 1968 at a time when party membership was falling and few new young members were joining, and rose rapidly in the local party. He was elected to the Lambeth Borough Council in May 1971 and served as Vice-Chair of the Housing Committee from 1971 to 1973 (succeeding John Major in the job). At the Greater London Council Election in 1973 elections Livingstone won the Norwood seat on the Greater London Council (GLC) and served as Vice-Chair of Housing Management in 1974-1975. He was dismissed when he opposed spending cuts urged by council leader Sir Reg Goodwin. He also served on the movie censorship committee and urged the abolition of censorship. Coming up to the Greater London Council Election of 1977, Livingstone realised that it would be difficult to retain his seat and managed to be selected for Hackney North and Stoke Newington, a safe seat, following the retirement of Dr David Pitt, Baron Pitt of Hampstead. This ensured that he was one of the few left-wing Labour councillors to remain on the council.
Livingstone had been selected as the Labour Parliamentary candidate for the Hampstead constituency. He moved to Camden just before the deadline to stand for the council in 1978, and was elected there. Livingstone's performance in Hampstead in the United Kingdom 1979 general election was good, although he did not come close to winning what was at that time a safe Conservative seat.
He married Christine Pamela Chapman in 1973 and the marriage ended in divorce in 1982. Around that time he became involved with Kate Allen (Amnesty International UK), now director of Amnesty International in the UK, but the couple separated in November 2001.
Livingstone and his current partner Emma Beal, also his office manager, have a son, Thomas, born 14 December 2002 at the University College Hospital, London, and a daughter, Mia, born on 20 March 2004 at the Royal Free Hospital in Hampstead. He also has three other children from previous relationships, whose existence was only publicly revealed during the London mayoral election in 2008. Livingstone is a noted bon vivant, having twice worked as a food critic for London's Evening Standard newspaper and various magazines.
He is known for his enthusiasm for keeping and breeding newts.
Livingstone in parliament
Livingstone again stood for Parliament in the 1987 general election, winning a seat in the north-west London constituency of Brent East. He replaced Labour MP Reg Freeson who was a committed left-winger, but his relatively moderate ("sensible left") views made him vulnerable to the hard left in the early 1980s. Freeson was able to retain his seat at the 1983 general election, but was deselected in 1985 after a bitter struggle, described as "political 'murder'" in his Guardian obituary, and replaced as Labour candidate in Brent East by Livingstone.
In his maiden speech to Parliament in July 1987, Livingstone used Parliamentary privilege to raise a number of allegations made by Fred Holroyd, a former MI6 operative in Northern Ireland. Despite the convention of maiden speeches being non-controversial, Livingstone alleged that Holroyd had been mistreated when he tried to expose MI5 collusion with loyalist paramilitaries in the 1970s and the part Captain Robert Nairac is alleged to have played. He also voiced Colin Wallace's allegations of MI5 dirty tricks levelled at Harold Wilson, part of what became known as the "Wilson plot".
As a Labour backbencher, Livingstone lost the public platform he possessed as head of the GLC; furthermore, his brand of radical socialism was increasingly out of step with the Labour leadership, which had moved sharply towards the centre under the leadership of Neil Kinnock who now blamed left-wingers like Livingstone for Labour's 'unelectability.' Over the long term, though, it was Livingstone rather than Kinnock who was to achieve electoral success. In September 1987 he was elected to the party's National Executive Committee, although he lost this position two years later; he regained it in 1997 beating Peter Mandelson in what some interpreted as a rebuke to Tony Blair. He was re-elected MP in the general election of 1992, with a 6% swing to Labour in his Brent East constituency. Besides serving in the Commons, Livingstone held a number of other 'odd jobs' during this period, including game show contestant and host, after-dinner speaker, and restaurant reviewer for the Evening Standard. In 1987 he published an autobiography-cum-political tract, If Voting Changed Anything They'd Abolish It.
As a politician comfortable in light-hearted and satirical situations, in 1990, Livingstone made the first of seven appearances on the topical panel show Have I Got News For You. For a long time, his first six appearances would stand as the show's record; his current tally of seven - the last being in 2002 - fall one short of the record for guest appearances currently held by Germaine Greer and Will Self.
In 1995, Livingstone appeared on the track "Ernold Same" by the band Blur, taken from the album The Great Escape. Livingstone provided spoken word vocals and was listed as 'The Right On Ken Livingstone.'
Livingstone appeared in one of a series of advertisements extolling the virtues of cheese in the 1980s, appropriately endorsing red Leicester. On the other side of politics, Edward Heath advertised Danish Blue. Their respective choices are down to the colour red being associated with the Labour Party, and blue with the Conservative Party.
Greater London's first mayor
Livingstone was again re-elected in the 1997 general election, in which Labour was returned to power under the leadership of Tony Blair. Among Labour's proposals was the establishment of a Greater London Authority which was to be a strategic body: unlike the GLC the Greater London Authority would not provide any services to Londoners directly. The new Greater London Authority would be headed by a directly-elected mayor, who would be watched over by a 25-member Assembly.
Despite having earlier criticised the specific proposals for a new London-wide authority, Livingstone was widely tipped for the new post of Mayor. The mayoral election was scheduled for 2000, and in 1999, Labour began the long and trying process of selecting its candidate. Despite Blair's personal antipathy, Livingstone was included on Labour's shortlist in November 1999, having pledged that he would not run as an independent if he failed to secure the party's nomination. William Hague, then Leader of the Opposition taunted Blair at Prime Minister's Question Time: "Why not split the job in two, with Frank Dobson as your day mayor and Ken Livingstone as your nightmare?"