cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Administrative divisions of Nepal
Provinces of Nepal
Nepal is divided into seven provinces.
Districts of Nepal
Seven provinces are divided into districts. There are 77 districts in Nepal.
Cities of Nepal
In Nepal, there are six metropolitan cities and eleven sub-metropolitan cities. There are 276 municipalities.
Trevor Noah
Career
Noah moved to the United States in 2011. He was the first South African comedian to appear on The Tonight Show (6 January 2012) and on Late Show with David Letterman (17 May 2013). In 2012, he was the subject of the documentary You Laugh But It’s True and had a one-man comedy show called Trevor Noah: The Racist. In 2013 he performed the comedy show Trevor Noah: African American. In late 2013, he was a guest on BBC Two’s comedy show QI and on Channel 4’s game show 8 Out of 10 Cats.
From December 2014, Noah began appearing as a contributor on The Daily Show and became host on 28 September, 2015. Three new members also joined the Daily Show news team: Roy Wood Jr., Desi Lydic, and Ronny Chieng. During each 30-minute episode, Noah has a comic monologue on current news, holds scripted mock discussions with show contributors, and interviews invited guests. On September 14, 2017, Comedy Central announced that Noah’s contract will last five years longer, till 2022.
Scottish independence
Scottish independence (Neo-eisimeileachd na h-Alba; Scots unthirldom) is a political stance that wants Scotland to leave the United Kingdom and be an independent sovereign state.
Scotland has not been an independent country since the Acts of Union 1707. At that time, the kingdom of Scotland united with the kingdom of England to make the United Kingdom of Great Britain. Scotland and has been unified with England ever since.
Ideas of an independent Scotland were first made in the 19th century but were initially only calls for home rule within the United Kingdom. Ideas of a fully independent Scotland have became bigger in the late 20th and 21st century. The Scottish National Party, a party that wants full independence, have won a large number of seats in recent elections, showing the growth of the idea.
In September 2014, a Scottish independence referendum was held. 1,617,989 (44.7%) voted for independence and 2,001,926 people (55.3%) voting to stay as a part of the UK. But, since this referendum, the nationalist and independence movements have continued.
Subscript and superscript
Superscript is the small letter / number above a particular letter / number. An example of superscript is 25. The number 5 above the number 2 is an example of superscript. Superscript can be used for exponents in mathematics.
Typing subscripts
In word-processing computer programs like Microsoft Word, the shortcut key for subscripts is Ctrl+=. You can use Subscript and superscript generators to turn regular text into super/subscript.
Prime Minister of Bangladesh
The Prime Minister of the People's Republic of Bangladesh is the Head of the Government of Bangladesh. The current Prime Minister, Hasina Wajed, was elected on December 29, 2008. The office of the Prime Minister is at Tejgaon in Dhaka city.
Doctor of Medicine
It is a professional doctorate / first professional degree (qualifying degree) in some countries, including the United States and Canada. Students need to have completed 90 to 120 credit hours of university level work (see second entry degree) and in most cases should already have a Bachelors Degree.
In other countries, such as the United Kingdom and Germany, the Doctor of Medicine is an advanced academic research degree similar to a PhD or a higher doctorate. In Britain, Ireland, and many Commonwealth nations, the qualifying medical degree is the Bachelor of Science in Medicine, Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS, BMBS, BM BCh, BM, MB BCh BAO, or MB ChB) and is the same as the M.D. degree in the U.S. system.
Period 7 element
Period 7 elements have electrons in the first seven electron shells. All period 7 elements have one or more electrons in the seventh electron shell (valence electrons). When atomic number increases by one, another electron is added. Two electrons join the 7s orbital, 14 electrons join the 5f orbital, ten electrons join the 6d orbital, and six electrons join the 7p orbitals.
Doctor of Medicine
In these countries it is illegal to prescribe scrips (prescriptions) and perform operations without the basic degree; also usual is the membership of appropriate medical and/or surgical societies. The societies (such as the British Medical Association) act as a kind of sophisticated trades union for doctors. In the British system, the General Medical Council has legal authority for the medical register of doctors licensed to practice medicine. They can and do hold tribunals to decide whether doctors accused of misdeeds should be struck off the medical register. Therefore, to practice it is necessary not only to hold the medical degree(s), but also to be on the register.
Max Delbrück
Max Ludwig Henning Delbrück (September 4, 1906 – March 9, 1981) was a German-American biophysicist and Nobel laureate.
Delbrück was one of the most influential people in the movement of physical scientists into biology during the 20th century.
Biography
Delbrück was born in Berlin, German Empire. Trained as a physicist, he got his Ph.D. in 1930. he traveled through England, Denmark, and Switzerland. He met Wolfgang Pauli and Niels Bohr, who got him interested in biology.
In 1937, he moved to the United States to pursue his interests in biology, taking up research in the Biology Division at Caltech on genetics of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. While at Caltech Delbrück became acquainted with bacteria and their viruses (bacteriophage or 'phage').
Delbrück remained in the US during World War II, teaching physics at Vanderbilt University in Nashville while pursuing his genetic research. In 1942, he and Salvador Luria of Indiana University demonstrated that bacterial resistance to virus infection is caused by random mutation and not adaptive change. This research, known as the Luria-Delbrück experiment, was also significant for its use of mathematics to make quantitative predictions for the results to be expected from alternative models. For that work, they were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1969, sharing it with Alfred Hershey.
During the 1940s Delbrück developed a course in bacteriophage genetics at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory to encourage interest in the field. In 1947, Delbrück returned to Caltech as a professor of biology where he remained until 1977.
Arrondissement of Rochefort
The arrondissement of Rochefort is an arrondissement of France, in the Charente-Maritime department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. Its capital is the city of Rochefort.
History
When the Charente-Maritime department was created on 1790, the arrondissement of Rochefort was part of that original department.
Geography
The arrondissement of Rochefort has an area of 1527.5 km2, and a population of 187,843 inhabitants for a density of inhabitants/km².
Rochefort is in the northern half of the department. It is bordered to the north by the arrondissement of La Rochelle, to the northeast by the Deux-Sèvres department, to the east by the arrondissements of Saint-Jean-d'Angély and Saintes. To the south is the upper part the Gironde estuary, the largest estuary of France, and the Atlantic Ocean is to the west.
Cantons
In the arrondissement of Rochefort, there are 12 cantons, some of them only partially. The following table shows the distribution of the "communes" in the cantons and arrondissements:
Communes
The arrondissement of Rochefort has 82 communes; they are (with their INSEE codes):
The communes with more inhabitants in the arrondissement are:
Ángel Carracedo
Ángel María Carracedo Álvarez (also known as Anxo Carracedo, ; born in Santa Comba, Galicia on November 12, 1955 ) is a Professor of Forensic Medicine and an international expert in genetics.
Trajectory
He holds a degree in Medicine from the University of Santiago de Compostela (1978) and a Doctorate in Medicine from the same USC (1982), both with an extraordinary award.
Professor of Forensic Medicine since 1989 and Director of the USC Institute of Forensic Medicine (from 1994 to 2012). Director of the Galician Public Foundation for Genomic Medicine (SERGAS-Xunta de Galicia) (since 1999), Director of the National Center for Genotyping-ISCIII (since 2002). Group leader of the CIBER of rare diseases (CIBERER) and of the Institute of Sanitary Investigation of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS). The Genomic Medicine group he coordinates consists of 10 research groups, several technology platforms and about 100 people working there.
He has published 12 books and more than 600 articles in international journals (SCI), including articles in Nature, Science, NatureGenetics, as well as major journals in medical genetics, cancer, and forensic medicine. According to Thomson Reuters (Web of Knowledge) the Genomic Medicine Group he leads is the first in the world in citations in the field of Forensic Medicine in the 2001-2011 decade, and he is the author with more articles, more citations and more H-index in the area. Her current lines of research include the genetics of childhood cancer and psychiatric illness, and pharmacogenomics.
President of the International Society for Forensic Genetics. Co-director of the Molecular Medicine Unit Inco Sergas, he is the author of several books and hundreds of publications. Vice President of the International Academy of Forensic Medicine, member of the European DNA Group and the DNA Commission of the United States Justice Commission, coordinator of the European DNA Standardization Network and the Ibero-American Molecular Genetics Network for Forensic Medicine.
He currently coordinates research with teaching work. He is Professor of Forensic Medicine, Medical Ethics and Molecular Biology at the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry of the University of Santiago de Compostela. He was chosen as the sponsor of the 2000/2001 and 2011/2012 promotions of the Degree in Medicine due to his great proximity to students. In 2013, he joined the Galician Academy of Pharmacy as a full member.
Paintings of Scottish monarchs
This list includes colour paintings of Scottish monarchs: The first paintings of Scottish monarchs start with James I. Althought b+w portraits and depictions have been painted long before James I.
Later Monarchs
Paintings of Scottish monarchs end here but for monarchs of Scotland and England see Paintings of British Monarchs.
Kriti Sanon
Kriti Sanon (born 27 July 1990) is an Indian actress. Her best known roles were in Dilwale (2015), Bareilly Ki Barfi (2017), Luka Chuppi (2019), and Housefull 4 (2019). She also has her own line of clothing.
Elliot Goldenthal
Elliot Goldenthal (born May 2, 1954 in Brooklyn, New York City) is an American composer of modern classical music. He was a student of Aaron Copland and John Corigliano. Goldenthal is best known for his ability to blend different musical styles and techniques in original and inventive ways.
Catherine Palace
The Catherine Palace is a former Russian residence of the Russian Imperial family. It is in the town of Pushkin, Saint Petersburg.
The Palace's town was called Tsarskoye Selo which means Tsar's village in English. In 1918 the Bolsheviks changed the name to Detskoye Selo. In 1937 the town was renamed to Pushkin to honor Alexander Pushkin.
History
Catherine I of Russia began the building of the palace in 1717. She hired the German architect Johann-Friedrich Braunstein to create the summer palace. In 1733, Empress Anna added to the palace. Then in 1752 Empress Elizabeth had the palace torn down. It was rebuilt in a Rococo style. More than 100 kilograms of gold were used. Many statues on the roof were covered in gold.
Catherine the Great thought the palace was old-fashioned. She employed Scottish architect Charles Cameron. He made one wing into the Neo-Palladian style. He also changed the personal apartments of the Empress.
After Catherine's death the imperial family began using Pavlovsk Palace and Alexander Palace. The palace was destroyed during World War II. Restoration began soon after the German forces left. Now the palace is mostly restored and is open for tours.
Sabena Flight Academy
CAE Global Academy Brussels Sabena Flight Academy is a Belgian flight school created in 1953. It is in Steenokkerzeel (Brussels Airport). The school trains airline pilot and is part of CAE Global Academy.
Two-state solution
The two-state solution to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict is a plan for an independent State of Palestine alongside the State of Israel, west of the Jordan River. The boundary between the two states is still controversial and under negotiation, with Palestinian and Arab leadership. The territory of the former Mandate Palestine (including Jerusalem) which did not form part of the Palestinian State would continue to be part of Israel.
Sabena Flight Academy
Acquisition by CAE
It was finally absorbed in 2008 by CAE. This was done as part of a larger program to complete a global training network: the CAE Global Academy
HR 5171
HR 5171 is a yellow hypergiant star, and the largest of its type. Its size is over 1,300 (or 1,500) times larger and 630,000 times brighter than the Sun. It is orbited by a smaller yellow hypergiant and a blue star.
The Middle
"The Middle" is a 2001 song released by Jimmy Eat World from their album, Bleed American. It is the third song from their album.
The song is not what is usually heard from the band. It is one of the more straightforward, upbeat songs, its also one of their most well-known singles.
There is electric guitar, drums and vocals used in this song, typical for a punk/rock song.
Music video
The band are featured in this music video. It also shows girls in their bikinis and a swimming pool, and someone goes into it during the guitar solo so for a moment its kinda faded out, but then he goes back to the surface. At the start of this video, two people in a car get out and go inside to the party.
Levant Fair
The Levant Fair (יריד המזרח; Yarid HaMizrach) was an international trade fair held near Tel Aviv Port in the 1920s and 1930s. It is also the nickname of the site where the fair was held.
John Dewey
John Dewey (20 October 1859 - June 1st 1952) was an American psychologist and philosopher. He was born in Burlington, Vermont. Dewey graduated from the University of Vermont. He later taught at many schools. In September 1882, Dewey went to the Johns Hopkins University and studied philosophy and psychology and published the paper, "The New Psychology" in the Andover Review in 1884. Afterwards, he taught psychology at universities and later on, got married to his former student Alice Chipman. In 1886, he started a new school which came to be known as the "Laboratory School" or "Dewey School". This school taught pragmatism, which says that a school's curriculum should be based on everyday life, lessons, and focuses on hands-on activities to better help students learn. His wife Alice was principal of the "Dewey School" from 1901 to 1904. After he retired as a teacher, he continued watching and figuring the society and politics. John Dewey died in 1952.
Theory
John Dewey believed in the "theory of inquiry", which shows how animals survived in their environment. He used the theory in the way he taught. He said that children learn best with real-life problems and hands-on activities. His most well-known essay was "The Reflex Arc Concept in Psychology" (1896) which created the stimulus that became the response, which later became known as social behaviorism. For example, a person focuses on something, decides what to do, then acts on the decision.
Torreón Municipality
Torreón is one of the 38 municipalities of Coahuila, in northeastern Mexico. The municipal seat is Torreón. The municipality covers an area of 1947.7 km2.
As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 577,477.
English independence
English independence is a political stance that wants England to leave the United Kingdom and be an independent country.
Since the Acts of Union 1707 when it united with Scotland to make the United Kingdom of Great Britain, England has not been an independent country or had any autonomy.
The idea of an independent England is very old and dates back centuries but it has grown in the last few years since Welsh independence and Scottish independence movements have gained large support. Political parties such as the English Democrats and English Independence Party have been founded in the 21st century and want English independence.
There has also been paramilitary groups, such as the English People's Liberation Army, who fought for independence. In 1983, the group claimed they were to blame for a parcel bomb sent to the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament's headquarters.
There have also been calls for an English Parliament, instead of full independence as England is the only country in the UK to not have its own legislature.
If England did manage to gain independence, estimates say that it'd have the world's 5th biggest economy and would be the 15th richest country in the world.
Coalinga, California
Coalinga ( or ) is a city in Fresno County and the western San Joaquin Valley, in central California.
The population was 17,590 at the 2020 census. This is up from 13,380 at the 2010 census, and 11,668 at the 2000 census.
Sarah Gorelick
Sarah Ratley (nee Gorelick) (born October 30, 1931) is an American pilot. She was born in Kansas. She was one of the Mercury 13 female astronauts group. She studied at the University of Delaware.
Caroline Wozniacki
Caroline Wozniacki (born 11 July 1990) is a Danish professional tennis player. As of January 2018, she is the number 2 ranked female tennis player in the world. She used to be world number one. In her career, she has won one Grand Slam (2018 Australian Open) and 23 singles tournaments on the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) Tour. She also reached the finals of the 2009 and 2014 U.S. Open. She lost to Kim Clijsters and Serena Williams.
Sarah Gorelick
She had testing, including freezing the inner ear with ice water to induce vertigo. She said of the experience, "The tests didn’t bother me at all…. When you are young you can take anything. My mind was made up: I was going to pass."
After the Mercury 13, Gorelick became an accountant with the Internal Revenue Service.
Ruth Brinker
Ruth Brinker (May 1, 1922 – August 8, 2011) was an American AIDS activist. Brinker founded Project Open Hand. She also had a farm that was named Fresh Start Farms. Fresh Start Farms only hired refugees and people that used to be homeless. She received the Jefferson Award in 2005 for what she did.
Biography
Brinker was a retired grandma when she founded Project Open Hand. Project Open Hand is a service designed to deliver food to people with HIV/AIDS. Project Open Hand currently supports many other diseases. Brinker is known for helping people with HIV and AIDS through her foundation. She was able to get volunteers and inspire projects like Project Open Hand in other places around the world. She also had a farm called Fresh Start Farms. It grew expensive and fancy vegetables for high-end restaurants. Brinker would only hire refugees and people coming out of homelessness.
Even though she died in August 2011, but Project Open Hand still actively serves communities today.
Brinker died with two children as well as extended family. She ran her own antique shop before working at Meals on Wheels. She always had a courageous spirit, a focused mindset, and wanted to help. In 1985, the nation-wide HIV and AIDS problem came to light. Brinker knew she had to do something to help when her neighbor died of malnutrition because of HIV.
Awards
She received the 2005 Jefferson Award because of her public service.
Six Pack (movie)
Six Pack is a 1982 American comedy-drama movie directed by Daniel Petrie and starring Kenny Rogers, Diane Lane, Erin Gray, Anthony Michael Hall, Barry Corbin, Terry Kiser, Bob Hannah. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Arrondissement of Ambert
The arrondissement of Ambert is an arrondissement of France. It is part of the Puy-de-Dôme département, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. Its capital, and a subprefecture of the department, is the city of Ambert.
History
When the Puy-de-Dôme department was created in 1790, the arrondissement of Ambert was part of that original department.
In 1926, the arrondissement of Ambert was eliminated but, in 1942, it became again an arrondissement of the department.
Geography
It is in the southeast of the department and has an area of 1188.1 km2, and is the arrondissement with fewest people living in it, with a population of 26,653 inhabitants and a density of inhabitants/km².
Cantons
After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the arrondissements so they could have communes that belong to different arrondissements.
French Civil Aviation University
The French Civil Aviation University (French: École nationale de l'aviation civile), also known as ENAC, is a French public aeronautical grande école. It was created on 28 August 1949. It has locations in Biscarosse, Carcassonne, Castelnaudary, Château-Arnoux-Saint-Auban, Grenoble, Melun, Montpellier, Muret, Saint-Yan and Toulouse, in France. It is a member of the Conférence des Grandes Écoles, the University of Toulouse, and of the Aerospace Valley. It is one of five founders of France AEROTECH.
ENAC provides training in civil aeronautics. The university has around 25 courses. These include aerospace engineering, Masters, Mastères Spécialisés, and courses for technicians, airline pilots, air traffic controllers, managers and flight instructors (people who teach others to fly planes).
1945 - 1949
Air travel grew rapidly in France after World War II. Safe air transport required staff trained specifically for this activity. It also required people in different sectors of the aviation world to work together and understand each other. That is why ENAC was started. Max Hymans, the secretary general of civil and commercial aviation, was the chief organiser.
1949 - 1955
ENAC was created on 28 August 1949 (Decree 49-1205) in Paris. The university was located in Orly, south of Paris. René Lemaire considers ENAC as "a university of aviation safety".
1955 - 1959
ENAC cooperated with the École nationale de la météorologie (National School of Meteorology). It promoted the teaching of this subject for air traffic controllers. After World War II, ENAC helped the conversion of military aircrew. The Service de l'aviation légère et sportive (SALS), under the decree of 31 March 1951, provided free flight training for airline pilot candidates coming from the army.
From 1949 to 1959, the number of courses held increased from 6 to 64. The number of students increased from 49 to 800. In 1956, the navigation instructor rating was created. A training programme also started. In 1958, the airline pilot theoretical training course started.
It had rites such as a reception in full uniform by local authorities when university officials and students arrived at a new location.
1959 - 1968
The university moved to Toulouse in 1968. The main campus is still there in 2020. It also changed from an external department of the French civil aviation administration to a public administration institution in 1970.
Traffic at Paris-Orly Airport grew rapidly at the beginning of the 1950s. In the mid-1950s plans began for a new location near to Parisian airports. The potential locations were all less than 150 km from Paris, for example Melun, Pontoise, Coulommiers, Étampes, Reims, Évreux, Chartres, and Orleans. A report dated 20 May 1959 lists the disadvantages of a location too far from Paris. René Lemaire gave a report on 14June 1960 in which he supported a transfer to Toulouse. The École nationale supérieure d'ingénieurs de constructions aéronautiques settled in Toulouse in 1961 and the École nationale supérieure de l'aéronautique et de l'espace was also going to move from Paris to Toulouse. On the 15 June 1961 Prime Minister Michel Debré accepted the transfer to Toulouse. His successor Georges Pompidou confirmed the transfer in a letter dated 23 July 1963.
The construction of new buildings on the campus of Rangueil began in April 1966. The project ended on 19 August 1968. The academic year started on 16 September 1968. 500 students started, including 325 who started their training. These trainees were as follows: 15 air navigation engineering student (mostly from the École Polytechnique), 70 engineering students in air navigation from two-years studies after the French Baccalaureate (the main end of school exams in France), 60 airline pilot students, 100 air traffic controller students, 40 electronics students, 20 commercial pilot students and 20 flight dispatcher students.
1968 - 1975
The final decision is taken by Decree No. 70-347 of 13 April 1970. It was applied on 1 January 1971. ENAC received a board of directors when it became a public administrative institution. René Lemaire was the first president.
1975 - 1990
From 1975 a new thing is starting. It consists of an increase of the proportion of engineering students called "civilians" in opposition to the "officials" (civil servants) engineering students. ENAC is becoming a major player in the training for aerospace industry (civilian personnel), while its primary goal was only the training of officials for direction générale de l'aviation civile. It is true that the existence of students for the private sector is not new at the university : it was in 1956 that are trained the first of them. At the end of 1950s, however, this recruitment affects only a minority of students. It is primarily done to compensate the disadvantage which consists of the highly different number of students to work in the administration and to prevent the size of successive promotions with a too great difference. However, this second source tends to become more and more important, to finally become the first one. This results in an revision of the teachings. ENAC engineering education, particularly that of the specialty called "facilities" - it focuses on electronics - seduce the industrial sectors of electronics and information technology. Without having particularly desired, the university has progressively the role of a National University of Engineers.
Industry oriented university, research appeared in 1984, following the law on Higher education which provides that "engineering education [...] has a research activity, basic or applied, " and is organized around four areas: electronics, automation, computer and air transport economy. The university then feels interest for future engineers to learn research methods: while the method of deductive reasoning, for a long time favored by teachers in the two-years studies after French high school diploma and universities, shows its limitations, the method of inductive reasoning, characteristic of research, appears progressively better adapted to the nature of functions performed by today's engineers. The most recent manifestation of the growing interest in research at ENAC is the creation of the air transport economics laboratory, which designation reflects the desire to study, in addition to air transport itself, certain related activities such as air navigation.
The mid 1980s saw the emergence of mastères spécialisés programs. They are born for most of them from an industrial demand, including the groupement des industries françaises aéronautiques et spatiales, in order to support the export contracts by training. Indeed, while filling the needs of many French students or professionals, they can train in a relatively short period some foreign executives. The same period saw the diversification of continuing education at the university. The continuing education courses are organized in five main areas: air traffic systems, electronics, computer, aeronautics and languages/humanities.
1990 - today
The international dimension of the university grew in the 1990s. It is constrained, however, by the design and implementation of the new cycle for air traffic controllers. The effort required a specifically European component. It consists first in the participation in European projects such as EATCHIP (European Air Traffic control Harmonization and Integration Program), then in joining mobility programs for students such as Erasmus or Socrates. Under these programs, the university welcomes a growing number of foreign students. In doing so, it forges close relations with foreign universities, including those of Berlin and Darmstadt in Germany, as well as the one of Tampere in Finland. Since 1990, the university has new missions. Thus, ENAC negotiates new contracts for studies and research abroad. The 2000s are the years of the creation of courses entirely taught in English language and the development of activities focused on air navigation. In 2009, the university and its alumni association organize the first edition of the salon du livre aéronautique (aeronautical literary festival) in Toulouse. In December 2010, ENAC becomes an ICAO center for training in aviation security.
Meanwhile, the university develops new teaching facilities: the air traffic control simulator "CAUTRA", the aerodrome control simulator "AERSIM", an Airbus A320 flight management system simulator, a static model of the Airbus A321' s engine and the laboratory of telecom networks.
Since the 1st January 2011 and the merging of ENAC with the SEFA, the university is the biggest European aviation university.
In 2013, ENAC starts with the DGAC the consulting company France Aviation Civile Services.
Heads history
The current head of the university is Olivier Chansou, after Marc Houalla who was SEFA director from 2006 till the 1th of January 2011. It is the eighth person to be director since 1949. He was elected the 27th of November 2017. The directors since 1949 are given in the following table.
Governance
As all the equivalent universities in France, ENAC is managed by a President elected by a board of directors. He is member of the three councils of the university :
In addition to these three councils, the university has a director's office which includes communication and cultural affairs, a division of information systems and a general secretariat dedicated to legal management, logistics, financial and human resources.
Budget
The university has spent for its operation 126 million euros in 2011. The budget is up 61.12% compared to 2010 as a result of its merger with the SEFA and consists of:
Arrondissement of Ambert
Cantons
In the arrondissement of Ambert there are only 2 cantons:
James D. Watson
James Dewey Watson (born April 6, 1928) is an American molecular biologist and zoologist.
French Civil Aviation University
ENAC fondation
In consideration for several months, a corporate foundation has been established in September 2011. It aims to guide the training and research council on the changes to be made to the training Ingénieur ENAC (ENAC engineer) and to the corporate partnerships. It consists of technical and human resources managers from aerospace companies such as Air France, Airbus, Aéroport de Paris, Rockwell Collins, Thalès, Aéroconseil,....
James D. Watson
Watson is of British ancestry. He is best known as one of the discoverers of the structure of DNA with Francis Crick in 1953.
French Civil Aviation University
Campuses
ENAC has eight campuses and can provide accommodation. It also has a canteen, cafeteria, library, computer rooms, sports halls including a fitness room, a sports field, a rugby field, five tennis courts, a beach volleyball and a golf driving range. Its main campus is located at Rangueil (Toulouse).
List of newspapers in Turkey
There is a list of newspapers published in Turkey.
James D. Watson
Watson, Crick, and Maurice Wilkins were awarded the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material".
Ali Bozer
Ali Husrev Bozer (28 July 1925 – 30 September 2020) was a Turkish politician and professor of commercial law.
Bingo Province
Bingo Province (備後国) was an old province of Japan in the area of the eastern part of Hiroshima Prefecture on the island of Honshū. Along with Bizen and Bitchū Provinces, it was sometimes called Bishū (備州).
Arrondissement of Ambert
Communes
The arrondissement of Ambert has 58 communes; they are (with their INSEE codes):
Bingo Province
The province had borders with Bitchū, Hōki, Izumo, Iwami, and Aki Provinces.
French Civil Aviation University
Campuses
Since its merger with the SEFA, ENAC has eight locations :
Bingo Province
The ancient capital city of the province was in the area of Fuchu.
French Civil Aviation University
Equipment
ENAC has a fleet of 130 aircraft of different types: CAP-10, Socata TB-10, Socata TB-20, Beechcraft Baron 58, Beechcraft 200, ATR 42, Diamond DA40 (to replace the Socata TB-20) and Diamond DA42 (to replace the Beechcraft Baron 58).
On its Toulouse campus, the university has flight simulator Robin DR400 and Socata TB-20, and also some static simulators of Airbus A320 and Airbus A340.
Ali Bozer
He was originally a member of the Nationalist Democracy Party (MDP). He then joined the Motherland Party (ANAP). He served as Deputy Prime Minister under Turgut Özal and Yıldırım Akbulut. He was also Minister of Foreign Affairs.
Kazushi Kimura
Kazushi Kimura (木村 和司) is a former Japanese football player and manager. He played for the Japan national team.
Arrondissement of Ambert
Communes
The communes with more inhabitants in the arrondissement are:
Charles Fleischer
Charles Fleischer (born August 27, 1950) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, voice artist, and comedian. He is best known as the voice of Roger Rabbit in the Who Framed Roger Rabbit franchise.
Ali Bozer
He was born in Ankara. Bozer died on 30 September 2020 in Ankara from COVID-19, aged 95.
Kazushi Kimura
Biography
Kimura was born in Hiroshima on July 19, 1958. After graduating from Meiji University, he joined Nissan Motors (later Yokohama Marinos) in 1981. From 1982, he wore the number 10 shirt. He was selected "Japanese Footballer of the Year" awards in 1983 and 1984. The club also won 1983 and 1985 Emperor's Cup. From 1988 to 1990, the club won all three major title in Japan; Japan Soccer League, JSL Cup and Emperor's Cup for 2 years in a row. He was also selected "Japanese Footballer of the Year" awards again 1989. In 1990s, the club won 1990 JSL Cup, 1991 and 1992 Emperor's Cup. In Asia, the club won 1991–92 and 1992–93 Asian Cup Winners' Cup. He was a central player in golden era in club history. He retired in 1994. He played 251 games and scored 51 goals in the league. He was selected "Japanese Footballer of the Year awards" 3 times and Best Eleven 5 times.
James D. Watson
He studied at the University of Chicago and Indiana University and later worked at the University of Cambridge's Cavendish Laboratory. He met Crick at the Cavendish and they became friends.
Charles Fleischer
From December 2010 to September 2011, Fleischer hosted his own web show called Fleischer's Universe on Ustream.tv.
Early life
Fleischer was born and raised in Washington, D.C. on August 27, 1950. He attended Southampton College of Long Island University, and studied acting at Chicago's Goodman Theatre.
Kazushi Kimura
Biography
On May 31, 1979, when Kimura was a Meiji University student, he debuted for the Japan national team against Indonesia. He played at 1980 Summer Olympics qualification and 1982 World Cup qualification. From 1982, he played in all matches of Japan national team included 1982, 1986 Asian Games, 1984 Summer Olympics qualification and 1986 World Cup qualification. In 1985, he scored goals in six consecutive games. This is a record of continuous score in Japan national team. He played 54 games and scored 26 goals for Japan until 1986.
French Civil Aviation University
Equipment
In the air navigation department, it has control tower simulators (at 120 or 360 degrees).
Bingo Province
Shrines and Temples
Kibitsu jinja was the chief Shinto shrine (ichinomiya) of Bingo.
French Civil Aviation University
Initial training
ENAC has four Bachelor's degree courses to train pilots and aerospace technicians.
James D. Watson
Watson has received 19 honorary doctorates.
French Civil Aviation University
Initial training
ENAC provide theoretical training for pilot students in eight months in its campus of Toulouse. Practical training of 16 months is given in the other campuses of the university in Montpellier, Carcassonne, Saint-Yan or Muret. There is also training for various aviation technicians.
James D. Watson
Criticism of Watson
Watson has always been a controversial figure, especially in the United States. The main cause is a long-running argument as to what causes the small difference in the average IQs of black and white people in the U.S.A.
French Civil Aviation University
Initial training
In addition, the university has seven Master's degree programs to train people for both aerospace industry and French civil aviation authority.
James D. Watson
Criticism of Watson
Watson has repeatedly said that differences in average measured IQ between blacks and whites are due to genetics. Watson said his intention was to promote science, not racism
Low Lusatian German
Low Lusatian German (German: Niederlausitzer Deutsch) is a variant of Central German spoken in northern Saxony and southern Brandenburg.
French Civil Aviation University
Initial training
Finally, the French Civil Aviation University provides nine Mastères Spécialisés courses in the fields : airport management, air transport management (in partnership with Toulouse Business School), communication - navigation - surveillance and satellite applications for aviation, aviation safety aircraft airworthiness (in partnership with other grandes écoles ), air-ground collaborative systems engineering, aviation and air traffic management and aerospace project management (APM) (in partnership with other grandes écoles ).
James D. Watson
Criticism of Watson
An excerpt from Watson's memoir, Avoid Boring People: Lessons from a Life in Science page=102 goes as follows:
Low Lusatian German
Language
Some examples of the dialect:
French Civil Aviation University
Initial training
The former students of the three Master programs, the Ingénieur ENAC course, as well as those of the Corps of Bridges and Roads and those of the Mastères Spécialisés courses was represented by an association, INGENAC, created in 1988, member of the CNISF (French scientific and engineer council) and in Toulouse. The 16th of March 2012, INGENAC decided to represent all the former students of the university and changes its name to « ENAC Alumni ».
James D. Watson
Criticism of Watson
An editorial in Nature said that his remarks were "beyond the pale". Because of the controversy, the Board of Trustees at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory suspended Watson's administrative responsibilities. Watson issued an apology, then retired at the age of 79 from CSHL after what the lab called "nearly 40 years of distinguished service". Watson attributed his retirement to his age and to circumstances that he could never have anticipated or desired.
Books
Watson has published a number of books.
French Civil Aviation University
Initial training
Each course of the university has its own recruitment process.
Continuing education
By hosting each year more than 7,500 students who participate to more than 600 courses annually organized by the university, with a turnover of 15 million of euros, ENAC is now the largest organization in Europe for aeronautical continuing education. The continuing education of ENAC has been developed in areas which ENAC is well recognized : air traffic, electronics, computer science, aeronautical engineering, aircraft control, ...
International partners
Students of the aerospace engineer course can study at the two other grandes écoles members of the groupement des écoles d'aéronautique, and also at the National Polytechnic Institute of Toulouse and at Nantes business school. Moreover, as part of France AEROTECH, an exchange of third year engineering students is under elaboration with the grandes écoles of this network.
In another country, students have access to the Erasmus programme and to Pegasus. In the aerospace engineer course, the university welcomes 8% of foreign students in 2011. Considering all the courses, this number is 46% in 2010.
The university has also agreements with : Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Florida Institute of Technology, University of California, University of Washington, École africaine de la météorologie et de l'aviation civile. It also educates people of the Agence pour la sécurité de la navigation aérienne en Afrique et à Madagascar.
Also, ENAC is a founder of the Institut sino-européen d'ingénierie de l'aviation of Tianjin. On this city, the university has four Mastères Spécialisés courses at the Civil Aviation University of China only for Chinese students : airport management, aviation safety management - airworthiness, aviation safety management - flight operations and aviation safety management - aeronautical maintenance.
Finally, in December 2011, the university has signed a partnership with the École des Ponts ParisTech and the Académie internationale Mohammed VI de l'aviation civile to start an Executive MBA in aviation management for aerospace people in March 2012 at Casablanca.
Research activities
Research is a growing business at ENAC. Industry oriented university, it appears in 1984, following the law on higher education which provides that « engineer training...contains a research activity, pure or applied ». It was originally organized around four areas : electronics, automation, computer and air transport economy. Mid-2009, the research teams was in the following laboratories : automation - operational research (LARA), economy - air econometrics (LEEA), study - optimization of telecommunications networks architectures (LEOPART), electromagnetism for aeronautical telecommunications (LETA), interactive computer (LII), applied mathematics (LMA), air traffic optimization (LOTA) and signal processing for the aeronautical telecommunications (LTST).
ENAC also has, since 2005, a team specializing in UAVs that maintains and develops Paparazzi, a free system for automatic control of UAVs, unmanned aerial vehicle laboratory. The infrastructure includes also a planetarium and an air traffic control simulator. ENAC is a founding member of the European academy for aviation safety (EAFAS), network of the key training organizations in the field of air safety. During the Paris Air Show of 2005, the university announces a partnership with Office National d'Études et de Recherches Aérospatiales in the fields of air traffic management, air safety, satellite navigation, sustainable development and air transport economy.
End of 2011, the university has established a new research organization that are six transverse programs : UAVs and air traffic management, airports, aircraft and air operations, human-computer interaction, air/ground communications and sustainable development, everything is now based on four laboratories : applied mathematics - optimization - optimal control - control engineering operations research (MAIAA), signal processing - satellite positioning system - electromagnetism - networks (TELECOM), architecture - modeling - engineering of interactive systems (LII) and economics - air transport econometrics (LEEA).
Alumni
Several famous pilots have studied at the French Civil Aviation University like Émile Allegret, soldier and member of the French Resistance during the World War II, Xavier Barral (Promotion 1966), former President of the association des professionnels navigants de l'aviation (Professional aircrew association), Noël Chevrier (Promotion 1970), antistress center manager at Air France, Gérard Feldzer (Promotion 1971), former President of the Aéro-Club de France,  Bernard Pestel (Promotion 1972), vice president of the société française de droit aérien (French Air Law company), Béatrice Vialle (Promotion 1981), one of the two female Concorde pilot   and the first French female pilot on a supersonic airliner.
Particularly because of its status of a French civil servant university, some civil servant has been student at ENAC like Jean-Marc de Raffin Dourny (Promotion 1966), President of the organisme pour la sécurité de l'aviation civile (organization for the safety of civil aviation), Michel Bernard (Promotion 1967), former head of the Agence nationale pour l'emploi and former President of Air Inter, Paul-Louis Arslanian (Promotion 1968), former head of the French Bureau d'Enquêtes et d'Analyses pour la Sécurité de l'Aviation Civile, Jean-Paul Troadec (Promotion 1970), head of the Bureau d'Enquêtes et d'Analyses pour la Sécurité de l'Aviation Civile, Patrick Ky (Promotion 1989), head of the EASA, Michel Wachenheim (Promotion 1975), French ambassador.
Kazushi Kimura
Biography
In 2020, Kimura was selected Japan Football Hall of Fame.
French Civil Aviation University
Alumni
Some alumni of the university became managers like Yves Lambert (Promotion 1959), former head of Eurocontrol, Gérard Mestrallet (Promotion 1971), CEO of GDF Suez., Jean-Michel Vernhes (Promotion 1971), head of the Toulouse-Blagnac Airport, Jean-Charles Corbet (Promotion 1974), former head of Air Lib, Olivier Colaïtis (Promotion 1977), President of Galileo, Lionel Guérin, founding President of Airlinair, Philippe Crébassa, head of Toulouse-Blagnac airport, Franck Goldnadel (Promotion 1990), former head of the Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport, Régis Lacote (Promotion 1997), head of the Orly Airport, Méziane Idjerouidène (Promotion 2003), general manager of Aigle Azur.
Kazushi Kimura
Statistics
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