cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Latin music
Influence of indigenous peoples
West of the Andes, the music is clearly influence by the indigenous Indian peoples. The panpipes and flutes of Peru are distinctive, as is their most popular rhythms. In Ecuador forms of the flute occur, but most of the music is influenced by the European waltz (as the pasillo) and by various Afro-Latin styles from the Caribbean. Chile has the cueca, introduced in 1824. It was the "most popular air of Chile". Despite this, the influence of the indigenous Indian peoples on Latin music is much less noticeable than the influence of European and African music. There are dozens of folk rhythms which survive, but usually they have had had little or no effect outside their particular locale, whereas the influence of the Spanish and African peoples is seen almost everywhere. In Argentina, the famous tango uses a rhythmical device known as the cinquillo. This is a syncopated rhythm similar to that in the Cuban habanera. Syncopation and polyrhythms are unmistakable signs of Africa. Argentine music has a number of folk tunes and rhythms of Indian origin, but the tango is dominant and the other rhythms are not.
Latin Music in North America
Lydia Mendoza (1916–2007), a singer of Mexican descent, became the first American-born Hispanic to record a song in Spanish (1928). Hispanics recording music was rare during the early 1900s. In 1960s, Tejano music (in Southern United States, Mexico), Spanish folk (in Spain), salsa (in Puerto Rico), cumbia (in South America), and bachata (in Dominican Republic) were the most popular forms of Latin music at the time.
Latin music became very popular in North America and the United States in the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s, especially mambo, cha-cha-cha, Boogaloo and Latin soul. The popular television program I Love Lucy (1951-57) featured the character Ricky Ricardo, who was the bandleader of a Cuban orchestra in New York.
In the 1970s, bolero became a popular music genre in Puerto Rico. Puerto Rican singer Hector Lavoe became one of its important musicians. In the United States, many Hispanics were discriminated against for speaking Spanish. Because of this, many children and young adults favored English music such as rock and roll and tried not to speak Spanish outside of their home. In the 1980s, Latin music started becoming popular again. American music magazine, Billboard added several Latin music-categories. These include Top Latin Albums, Regional Mexican Albums, Tropical Albums and the Latin Pop Albums chart. Because of this, younger generations became interested in recording Latin music. During the late 1980s, freestyle music became a popular Latin music genre. Freestyle music was rarely recorded in Spanish.
In the 1990s, artists including Selena, Gloria Estefan, Luis Miguel, and Thalía became popular in this decade. They helped Latin music and recording Latin music popular for young children and adults. Selena became the most popular Latin artist of the United States in 1995, when she was murdered at 23. She became the first and only Latin artist to peak an album that contained mostly Spanish music at number one on the Billboard 200 chart. At the time of her death, she was competing with Michael Jackson and Janet Jackson with her album Dreaming of You (1995) which sold 3,000,000 copies its first year. Enrique Iglesias, Shakira, Marc Anthony, Ricky Martin, and Jennifer Lopez became popular in the mid and late 1990s.
Shannon, Mississippi
Shannon is a town in Lee County, Mississippi, United States.
Filippo Juvarra
Filippo Juvarra was an architect from Italy who lived from 1678 to 1736. He was born in Messina. He designed many famous buildings, especially churches and palaces.
Works
Here is a list of some buildings he designed:
Garßen
Garßen is a Lower Saxon village in the southern part of the Lüneburg Heath and, since 1973, part of the borough of Celle in Germany. It is on the northeastern side of the town.
Sidon, Mississippi
Sidon is a town in Leflore County, Mississippi, United States.
Cube
A cube is a type of polyhedron with all right angles and whose height, width and depth are all the same. It is a type of rectangular prism, which is itself a type of hexahedron.
A cube is one of the simplest mathematical shapes in space. Something that is shaped like a cube can be called cubic. Surface area of cube=6l^2 Lateral Surface area of cube=4l^2 Volume of cube=l^3
Milgram experiment
The Milgram experiment is the name for a number of controversial experiments in psychology. They were done by Stanley Milgram in the 1960s. Milgram wanted to find out how easy it was to get someone to follow orders, even if the orders went against their conscience. In his experiment, a test subject was ordered by a scientist to inflict electric shocks on another person, though the shocks were faked.
To his surprise, most subjects did as they were told until the very end of the experiment, though many found it difficult. There have been many repetitions and variations of the experiment, with similar results.
The experiment
Participants were told they would be helping out in a "learning experiment". The participant played the role of a "teacher" in which they had to ask questions to the "learner". Every time the learner got a question wrong or failed to answer, the teacher had to press a switch to give the learner an electric shock. The voltage increased each time. In the original version of the experiment, the teacher and learner were in separate rooms, but could talk to each other through the wall.
In fact, the electric shocks were faked. The "learners" were actually actors, who only pretended to be in pain. As the "shocks" increased, their cries of pain grew louder. They protested, banged the wall and stopped answering the questions. The shocks eventually reached levels that would have been deadly had they been real. At this point, the learner fell silent.
If at any time the subject ("teacher") wanted to stop the experiment, the experimenter had instructions on what to say to them. These were known as "verbal prods". The prods the experimenter had to use were, in this order: There were a few other things the experimenter was allowed to say. For example, if the subject asked about whether the learner would be badly hurt, the experimenter could say "Although the shocks may be painful, there is no permanent tissue damage, so please go on."
If the subject still wished to stop after the four main prods had been used, the experiment was halted. Otherwise, it was halted after the subject had given the maximum "450-volt" shock three times in succession.
Results
Before Milgram did his experiment, he asked fourteen Yale University psychology students what they thought the results would be. On average, the students thought that 1.2% of the "teachers" would give the biggest electric shock of 450 volts. In fact, in Milgram's first set of experiments, 65 percent (26 of 40) of participants gave the final massive 450-volt shock, and all gave a shock of at least 300 volts.
Milgram found that the "teachers" showed signs of stress and nervousness in the experiment. Signs of this included sweating, trembling, stuttering and groaning. All of them stopped to question the experiment at some point. Most continued once they were reassured by the experimenter.
Other psychologists did their own versions of Milgram's experiment and found very similar results.
Variations
After repeating the original experiment, Milgram and other scientists tried different variations. These included:
Interpretations
Some researchers argued that the experiments do not fully answer the question as to why apparently normal people commit atrocities in wartime. For example, the subjects were being told that the shocks would cause no major harm to the learner, whereas those who caused events like the Holocaust knew full well that they were committing murder.
Pop culture
The experiment has been mentioned numerous times in pop culture. In the graphic novel V for Vendetta Dr. Surridge said that she lost faith in humanity because of the experiment. In 2013 there was a conference about it at Nipissing University in Canada. The Milgram effect was mentioned in the movie I Care A Lot in passing,
Lennart Forsberg
Lennart Forsberg (28 March 1928 – 6 September 2020) was a Swedish footballer. He played as a left winger. Forsberg debuted in 1945 with GIF Sundsvall. He also played for Djurgården.
Forsberg died on 6 September 2020 at the age of 92.
Kate Spade
Kate Valentine (born Katherine Noel Brosnahan; December 24, 1962 – June 5, 2018), known professionally as Kate Spade, was an American fashion designer and businesswoman. She was the namesake and former co-owner of the designer brand Kate Spade New York. She was born in Kansas City, Missouri. Spade was the sister-in-law of David Spade.
Kate and Andy Spade founded Kate Spade New York in 1993. She sold the company to Neiman Marcus Group in 1999 and the rest of the company in 2006.
In 2016, she and her partners launched a new fashion brand called Frances Valentine.
Death
On June 5, 2018, Spade committed suicide by hanging herself at her Manhattan apartment. She was 55 years old. There was a suicide note.
Laddu
Ladoo is a sweet from the Indian subcontinent. It is mainly popular in India.
Preparation
Common flours used for laddu include gram flour (chickpea flour), wheat semolina and ground coconut. These are combined with sugar and other flavourings, cooked in ghee, and moulded into a ball shape. Some laddu recipes are prepared using Ayurvedic medicinal ingredients, including methi laddu, multigrain, and resin laddu. Nuts such as pistachios and almonds are commonly stuffed into laddus.
Ancient Indo-Pakistani history
2600 BCE, Harappan archaeological site, 4MSR near Binjor, western Rajasthan (India); seven closely kept similar sized nutritional Laddus,consisting of ingredients  legumes and cereals like barley, wheat, chickpea and  Mung (Vigna radiata) as main component, were found in intact  form, along with two figurines of bulls and a hand-held copper adze,  during 2017 archeological excavations. According to Rajesh Agnihotri, the presence of bull figurines, adze and a Harappan seal along with the food balls indicates, Indus valley civilization people might have revered these items to perform some kind of ritual.
Kampung Naga
Kampung Naga is a hamlet in the Salawu district in Tasikmalaya Regency in the province of West Java, Indonesia.
Pansori
Pansori is defined as a Korean traditional narrative song that one sorikkun(Korean: 소리꾼), a singer, weaves a story with chang(song), aniri(descriptive speech), and nurumsae(motion). The name of the song is also known as gapga, bonsaga, changga in Chinese, but it has been called pansori in Korean. The term pansori first appeared in 'Mae-il Shin bo' (the name of the newspaper in 1910s in Korea) in 1913. Pansori is a performing art which one sorikkun, and one gosu (a drummer playing a barrel drum called buk (Korean: 북)) sing a song of a long story to the audience. 'Pan' in pansori means 'a place where many people gather', and 'sori' means 'sound'. Pansori represents voluntariness and impromptu which are the characteristics of Korean traditional music. For example, before Heung-rok Song period it had been orally narrated without any exact scripts by extemporarily inserting songs handed down orally and witty remarks into the stories taught by a master.
Characteristics
Pansori is a professional art which requires sorikkun to have a high level of singing skill. Also, it is a performing art because one singer takes roles of various characters in a story. Music, literature, and play are the key elements that coexist in pansori. It was established as an independent performing art by associating with many adjacent genres of Korean traditional music such as Minyo, Mooga(songs that shamans sing in a performance of exorcism), Sijo, Japga(a folk music sung by common people during the latter part of Joseon dynasty), and Gasa. It is also the only genre that started with popular arts and led to ethnic arts in Korea.
Ba-tang sori and Toe-mak sori
There is an opinion that in the traditional society Pansori indicated Ba-tang sori (Korea:바탕소리, a song that includes the whole story) and if a singer sang certain parts of a story, usually famous parts, it was called just 'sori'. Today if a singer sing a full story, it is called Ba-tang sori whereas, if a singer sing just some parts of the story, the sori is called Toe-mak (Korean:토막)sori or Ma-di (Korean: 마디)sori. Toe-mak sori was mainly sung by sorikkun in the 20th century. However, after Dong-Jin Park, a famous male sorikkun, sang the full story of Heungbuga for five hours in 1968, many sorikkun tried to sing Ba-tang sori which requires sorikkun more efforts to sing.
Royal borough
Royal Boroughs are districts in the United Kingdom that have been given this special title because they had special links with the British royal family.
Jewett City, Connecticut
Jewett City is a borough in northern New London County, Connecticut. It is in the eastern part of the state near the Rhode Island state line. Jewett City is part of the town of Griswold. At the 2020 United States Census, the borough's population was 3,328.
Jewett City was named for Eliezer Jewett. He founded a settlement in this region in 1771.
Biathlon
Biathlon (not to be confused with duathlon) is a term used to describe any sporting event made up of two disciplines. However, biathlon usually refers specifically to the winter sport that combines cross-country skiing and rifle shooting. Another popular variant is summer biathlon, which combines cross-country running with riflery.
Related pages
Biathlon's two sports disciplines:
Other multi-discipline sports (otherwise unrelated to biathlon):
Andy Lehrer
Andy Z. Lehrer (16 May 1930 – January or February 2014) was a Romanian entomologist. From 1996 until his death, he worked as a research associate in the laboratory of Zoology at the University of Tel Aviv in Tel Aviv, Israel. For several years, he studied flesh flies and blow flies all over the world.
Lehrer was born born in Iaşi, Iaşi County. He died in early 2014, aged 83.
Troschel's tree frog
The adult male frog is 2.8 to 3.6 cm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 4.6 to 5.6 cm long. This frog sometimes has a black and white stripe down the side of its body. The rest of the skin of its back is usually brown but can be reddish.
Ytternäs och Vreta
Ytternäs och Vreta is a locality in Uppsala Municipality in Uppsala County in Sweden. In 2010, 636 people lived there.
Artesia, Mississippi
Artesia is a town in Lowndes County, Mississippi, United States.
Rhoon
Rhoon is a village in the Dutch province of South Holland. It is in the Albrandswaard municipality and had 16,066 inhabitants in 2020.
Rhoon used to be a municipality. It became part of the new Albrandswaard municipality on 1 January 1985.
References
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Lactobacillus bulgaricus
Lactobacillus bulgaricus is a type of bacteria from the Lactobacillus genus. It is found in the digestive tract. Intestinal bacteria is referred to as gut flora or microbes. This strain of bacteria may also be found in foods or supplements. In 2012 it was declared India's national microbe.
Moufida Tlatli
Moufida Tlatli (مفيدة التلاتلي; 4 August 1947 – 7 February 2021) was a Tunisian movie director and politician. She was the first Arab woman to direct a full feature-length movie (The Silences of the Palace) in the Arab World. She was born in Sidi Bou Saïd, French Tunisia. Her career began in 1970. In 2011, she was the Minister of Culture.
Tlatli died on 7 February 2021 in Tunis from COVID-19 at the age of 73.
Yechiel Eckstein
Rabbi Yechiel Eckstein (July 11, 1951 – February 6, 2019) was an American-Israeli rabbi and philanthropist. He was born in Manhattan, New York but was raised in Ottawa, Canada. He was known as the founder and president of the International Fellowship of Christians and Jews, which is headquartered in Chicago and Jerusalem.
Elizabeth Olsen
Elizabeth Chase Olsen (born February 16, 1989) is an American actress. She was born in Los Angeles, California. She is the younger sister of the actresses Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen. She is most known for her role as the Marvel Comics character Wanda Maximoff / Scarlet Witch in the Marvel Cinematic Universe movies Captain America: The Winter Soldier (2014) in a post-credits scene, Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015), Captain America: Civil War (2016), Avengers: Infinity War (2018), and Avengers: Endgame (2019). She then reprised her role in the Disney+ miniseries WandaVision (2021), Spider-Man: No Way Home (2021) in a post-credits scene, and in the movie Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness (2022).
Yechiel Eckstein
Eckstein held dual citizenship in the U.S. and Israel, having become an Israeli citizen in 2002.
Elizabeth Olsen
Early life and education
Elizabeth Chase Olsen was born on February 16, 1989, in Sherman Oaks, California. Her mother, Jarnie, is a former dancer, while her father, Dave, is a real estate agent. She is the younger sister of twins Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen, who became television and film actresses as children. Olsen also has an older brother, a younger half-brother, and a younger half-sister. Her parents divorced in 1996. Olsen began acting when she was four years old, appearing in Mary-Kate and Ashley's projects, including the 1994 television film How the West Was Fun and the straight-to-video series The Adventures of Mary-Kate & Ashley. As a child, she took acting classes and spent time at musical theatre camp. Olsen nearly quit pursuing acting in 2004 due to the media attention toward Mary-Kate's eating disorder. She went to Campbell Hall School in Studio City, California. Olsen attended New York University (NYU)'s Tisch School of the Arts, during which she took classes at Atlantic Theater Company and spent a semester at the Moscow Art Theatre School in Russia. She attained understudy roles in the 2008 off-Broadway production of the play Dust and the 2009 Broadway production of the play Impressionism, which led to her securing an agent. Olsen graduated from NYU in January 2013.
Early roles and acclaim (2011–2014)
Olsen made her film debut in the 2011 thriller film Martha Marcy May Marlene. The film, along with her performance, received critical acclaim following its premiere at the Sundance Film Festival. Olsen earned several award nominations for her portrayal of the titular Martha, a young woman suffering from delusions after fleeing her life in a cult and returning to her family, including those for the Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Actress and the Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead. She attributed her interest in the character to her own fascination with mental illnesses. Olsen next appeared in the horror film Silent House, which garnered her "rave reviews". Despite premiering at the Sundance Film Festival alongside Martha Marcy May Marlene, it was released in 2012, during which she also starred in the thriller Red Lights and the comedy Liberal Arts.
In January 2013, Olsen garnered a nomination for the BAFTA Rising Star Award at the 66th British Academy Film Awards. She played Edie Parker, novelist Jack Kerouac's first wife and the author of the Beat Generation memoir You'll Be Okay, in the biographical drama Kill Your Darlings. She appeared in the American remake of the 2003 South Korean film Oldboy, playing Marie Sebastian, a nurse who helps the protagonist, played by Josh Brolin, find his daughter. That same year, she starred as the titular Juliet in an off-Broadway production of the play Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare. The New York Times critic Ben Brantley described her portrayal as "an open book, and a slim volume, alternating between saucy petulance and hysteria". She played the leading role in In Secret, a film adaptation of Émile Zola's 1867 novel Thérèse Raquin. The film was released in February 2014. Later that year, Olsen starred in the monster film Godzilla, opposite Bryan Cranston and Aaron Taylor-Johnson, which received positive reviews and grossed $529 million against a $160 million production budget. She and Dakota Fanning co-starred as teenage girls in Brooklyn in the film Very Good Girls, released that same year, which Josh Duboff of Vanity Fair characterized as unfavorably reviewed.
Marvel Cinematic Universe and continued success (2015–present)
Olsen starred in the 2015 superhero film Avengers: Age of Ultron, a sequel to The Avengers, joining the Marvel Cinematic Universe media franchise and rising to fame. In the film, she portrayed Wanda Maximoff / Scarlet Witch, which marked the comic book character's film debut. She first appeared as the character in a post-credits scene of the 2014 film Captain America: The Winter Soldier, alongside Taylor-Johnson, who portrayed Scarlet Witch's brother, Pietro Maximoff / Quicksilver. Olsen played the part with an accent originating from a fictional country called Sokovia, which she described as similar to Slovakian. She reprised the role in Captain America: Civil War (2016), Avengers: Infinity War (2018), and Avengers: Endgame (2019), the last of which became the second highest-grossing film of all time.
Olsen portrayed Audrey Williams, the wife, manager, and duet partner of singer Hank Williams, portrayed by Tom Hiddleston, in the 2015 biographical film I Saw the Light, directed by Marc Abraham. In 2017, she starred as a novice FBI agent in the mystery film Wind River and a social media influencer in the comedy-drama film Ingrid Goes West, both of which were released in August to critical praise. Vulture 's David Edelstein found Olsen's "incongruously high-schoolish demeanor" in Wind River problematic, while Peter Travers of Rolling Stone wrote that she gave a "major eye-opener of a performance" in Ingrid Goes West, deeming it "toxic perfection". The following year, she appeared in the Netflix film Kodachrome, playing a caregiver to a photographer, played by Ed Harris. Olsen executive produced and starred as a young widow named Leigh Shaw in the Facebook Watch web television series Sorry for Your Loss, which premiered in September 2018. She said the three years it took to develop the series enabled her to immerse herself in Shaw's impulses. Critics reviewed the series positively, and Olsen's performance, which earned her a nomination for the Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Actress in a Drama Series, was noted as "stunning", "disciplined and sharp", as well as "slyly sympathetic". The series was canceled in January 2020 after two seasons.
Alongside Paul Bettany as Vision, Olsen played Scarlet Witch again in the superhero miniseries WandaVision, which premiered on Disney+ in January 2021. In addition to complimenting Olsen and Bettany's chemistry, critics praised the cast, with Vox 's Alex Abad-Santos writing Olsen was brilliant in her portrayal and Linda Holmes of NPR highlighting her "indelible central performance" in their respective reviews. Olsen earned a Primetime Emmy Award nomination for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited or Anthology Series or Movie and Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film for her performance. She reprised the role in the film Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness, which was released in May 2022. She is set to star as Candy Montgomery in Love and Death, an HBO Max limited series about a 1980 Texas murder.
Personal life
Olsen has been an atheist since the age of 13 because she believed that "religion should be about community and having a place to go in prayer, not something that should determine women's freedoms." She is an ambassador for the company Bobbi Brown Cosmetics. She and actor Boyd Holbrook were in a relationship from 2011 to 2014. Olsen became engaged to musician Robbie Arnett, of the American band Milo Greene, in July 2019 after three years of dating but after a year of marriage they got a divorce and ended up with one of her good friends who do not know the name off but have the initials AM. Olsen revealed in June 2021 that the two had married. in her first public relationship she She also had a secret affair with a woman with the initials VB.
Nottwil
Nottwil is a municipality of the district Sursee in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.
It is on the southern shore of Lake Sempach (Sempachersee).
My Way (Usher album)
My Way is the second studio album by American singer Usher. It was released by LaFace Records on September 16, 1997. The album had three singles "Nice & Slow", "My Way" and "You Make Me Wanna...".
History
The album debuted at number 15 on the Billboard 200 chart. It sold 66,000 copies the first week. It also debuted at number four on the Billboard R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. It reached number one for three weeks. My Way was then certified 6x Platinum for shipping 6,000,000 copies in the United States. The album was nominated for a Grammy Award. It also became his "breakthrough album". Many music critics gave positive reviews for the album.
Caledonia, Mississippi
Caledonia is a town in Lowndes County, Mississippi, United States.
Vancouver International Film Festival
The Vancouver International Film Festival (VIFF) is an annual movie festival in Vancouver, British Columbia. It is held for two weeks in late September and early October. It is held by Greater Vancouver International Film Festival Society and it began in 1982. It is among the five largest movie festivals in North America. The Festival screens the largest selection of East Asian movies outside of that region, it is one of the biggest showcases of Canadian film in the world, and it has one of the a largest nonfiction program outside of a Documentary Film Festival.
Angela Rayner
Angela Rayner (née Bowen; born 28 March 1980) is a British politician serving as Shadow First Secretary of State and Deputy Leader of the Opposition since 2020. A member of the Labour Party, she currently serves as its Deputy leader. She has been Member of Parliament (MP) for Ashton-under-Lyne since 2015. She has served in the Shadow Cabinet of Jeremy Corbyn as Shadow Secretary of State for Education since 2016.
In January 2020, Rayner announced her candidacy for Labour Deputy Leader in the 2020 deputy leadership election, which she won.
Electrochemistry
Electrochemistry is a kind of chemistry that studies chemical reactions that use or make electricity. Reactions like this happen at electrodes which are made from something that conducts electricity, and put in an electrolyte. An electrolyte is a solution that has ions in it.
Electrochemistry was "invented" at the same time as the voltaic pile; the first kind of electric battery.
Containment building
A containment building is a building with a nuclear reactor in it. It is built around the reactor to keep the radiation from getting out, if something happens to the reactor. The containment building is the last barrier to the radiation getting into the environment. Containment systems for nuclear power reactors are distinguished by size, shape, materials used, and suppression systems. The kind of containment used is determined by the type of reactor, generation of the reactor, and the specific plant needs.
The Chernobyl accident was very bad partly because the Soviet RBMK reactors used at the Chernobyl power plant had no containment buildings. The explosion, however, was so powerful that it is unlikely a containment building would have completely prevented the release of radiation.
Layers of nuclear defense
The diagram shows the order of defense layers for a nuclear reactor. The first layer of defense is the inert, ceramic quality of the uranium oxide itself. The second layer is the air tight zirconium alloy of the fuel rod. The third layer is the reactor pressure vessel made of steel more than a dozen centimeters thick. The fourth layer is the pressure resistant, air tight containment building. The fifth layer is the exclusion zone around the reactor.
Byhalia, Mississippi
Byhalia is a town in Marshall County, Mississippi, United States.
Crawford, Mississippi
Crawford is a town in Lowndes County, Mississippi, United States.
Austin Currie
He was a member of the Parliament of Northern Ireland between 1964 until 1972, Teachta Dála from 1989 until 2002 and Minister of State for Justice from 1994 until 1997.
Currie died on 9 November 2021 at his home in Derrymullan, Ireland at the age of 82.
Albany, Missouri
Albany is a city in Missouri, United States. It is the county seat of Gentry County.
Ronald Melzack
Ronald Melzack, (July 19, 1929 – December 22, 2019) was a Canadian psychologist and emeritus professor of psychology at McGill University. He was known for his pain research by introducing the gate control theory of pain.
He was a founding member of the International Association for the Study of Pain. He also became the founding editor of Wall & Melzack's Textbook of Pain
Melzack had many honors including Prix du Québec (1994), the Order of Canada (1995), and the National Order of Quebec (2000). In 2010, he won the Grawemeyer Award for his research on the science of pain.
Cashew butter
Cashew butter is a type of nut butter. It is made by grinding baked or roasted cashews. It has a rich and creamy flavour. It is used for spreading on toast, as a dip, or an ingredient for some smoothies.
Vancouver Marathon
The BMO Vancouver Marathon is an annual marathon which is run on the first Sunday of every May in Vancouver, British Columbia. The distance of the race is 26 miles and 385 yards and is the largest international marathon event in Canada. The current sponsor for the marathon is Bank of Montreal.
The Forbes 2014 Travel Guide named the BMO Vancouver Marathon one of the world’s Top Ten Marathons Worth Travelling For that marathon season. It also made their top ten marathon destinations in 2012.
Potts Camp, Mississippi
Potts Camp is a town in Marshall County, Mississippi, United States.
Hatley, Mississippi
Hatley is a town in Monroe County, Mississippi, United States.
Ezzat El Alaili
Ezzat El Alaily (عزت العلايلي) (15 September 1934 – 5 February 2021) was an Egyptian actor. He appeared in over 300 movies, TV series, and theatre plays. His career began in the 1960s. He was born in Cairo. His best known roles were in Cairo (1963), The Land (1970), Kuwait Connection (1973), Alexandria... Why? (1979), Al Qadisiyya (1981), People on the Top (1981) and War in the Land of Egypt (1991).
Alaili died on 5 February 2021 in Cairo, aged 86.
Tomás Boy
Tomás Juan Boy Espinoza (June 28, 1951 – March 8, 2022) was a Mexican football player and manager. He played as an attacking midfielder. Boy was born in Mexico City. He played for the Mexico national football team from 1979 until 1987.
King Duncan
King Duncan was the King of Scotland in William Shakespeare's play Macbeth. He was seen as a nice king. He was friends with Macbeth. He was murdered by Macbeth so that Macbeth can become king.
Collective Security Treaty Organization
The Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO; Организация Договора о коллективной безопасности; ОДКБ) is a government military alliance in Eurasia. Its members of some post-Soviet states. The treaty was inspired by the Soviet Armed Forces.
José María Morelos
José María Morelos y Pavón (30 September 1765 – 22 December 1815) was a Mexican Roman Catholic priest and revolutionary rebel leader. He led the Mexican War of Independence movement. He led the movement after the execution of Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla in 1811. He was later captured by the Spanish colonial authorities. He was executed for treason in 1815, in San Cristóbal Ecatepec.
Morelos was born in the city of Valladolid, which is now Morelia, Michoacán.............
County Cavan
County Cavan (in Gaelic, Contae an Chabháin) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Border Region as it is on the border with Northern Ireland. It is part of the province of Ulster. It is named after the town of Cavan. 73,183 people live in the county according to the 2011 census. Not many people live in the north-western area of the county as there are many mountains.
Cavan borders six other counties: Leitrim to the west, Fermanagh and Monaghan to the north, Meath to the south-east, Longford to the south-west and Westmeath to the south.
Geography
The county has a lot of countryside with many lakes and small hills called drumlins. The highest point of the county is in the Breifne mountains, mount Cuilcagh at 665 m.
Cavan is known as 'The Lakeland County' and it is said it has 365 lakes, one for every day of the year. At 18.8 km2, Lough Sheelin is the county's largest lake in the south of the county. A large area of lakes in the north and west of Cavan are marked as Specially Protected Areas (SPA), example of this being Lough Oughter. Other important wildlife protected lakes such as Lough Gowna and Lough Ramor are in the south and east of the county. The county contains forests such as Bellamont Forest near Cootehill, Killykeen Forest Park at Lough Oughter (a Coillte state forest), Dún na Rí Forest Park and the Burren Forest.
Many rivers in Ireland start in County Cavan. The Shannon Pot is the source of the River Shannon, the longest river in Ireland at 386 km. The River Erne is a major river which starts from Beaghy Lough south of Stradone in Cavan and flows for 120 km to Lough Erne.
County Laois
County Laois (Contae Laoise) is a county of Ireland. County Laois is in the province of Leinster. County Laois takes its name from the medieval kingdom of Loígis. The population of County Laois is 80,559 as of 2011.
County Cavan
History
In medieval times, the area of Cavan was part of East Bréifne after its ruling Gaelic family. This in was a division of the 11th century Kingdom of Bréifne. For this reason the county is also sometimes known as the Breffni County. The natural landscape of drumlin hills and loughs made a good defence against invaders.
Historically, Cavan was part of the western province of Connacht, but was transferred to Ulster in 1584 when Bréifne was shired and became the county of Cavan. In the south, the Lough Sheelin area was part of Leinster until the late 14th century.
Parts of Cavan were under Norman influence from the twelfth century. The remains of several buildings from the time can still be seen at Castlerahan and Clogh Oughter castle. There are also some remains of early abbeys in the county, like at Drumlane and Trinity Island.
The Plantation of Ulster from 1610 saw the settlement and origins of several new towns within the county like Bailieborough, Cootehill, Killeshandra and Virginia. Existing towns such as Cavan and Belturbet became over time more important as trading centres. Wars aimed at trying to unsettle the Plantation only led to further plantations of English and Scottish settlers into the county and the beginnings of a thriving flax and linen industry.
Economy
Agriculture is the largest industry in the county, especially dairy milk processing as well as pig and beef farming. Much of Cavan's land is clay soils, which are rich in minerals, but heavy and poorly drained, making pasture farming the dominant farming system in the county. The total farmed area is 144269 ha in the county, and there are approximately 219,568 cattle in Cavan.
Grünberg, Hesse
Grünberg is a town in Gießen in Hessen, Germany.
County Cavan
Economy
Cavan has expanded in other industries, mainly quarrying, energy production and manufacturing facilities.
Emperor Wu of Jin
Emperor Wu of Jin (晉武帝; 236 - 290) was the founder of Western Jin Dynasty. His name was Sima Yan. He was born in Henei (now Henan Province). His father was Sima Zhao and Sima Yi was his grandfather. They were the imperial officials of Wei Dynasty and seized control over the imperial court. In 265 AD, Sima Yan forced Emperor Cao Huan to abdicate. In 280 AD, he conquered Eastern Wu and unified China.
Aurora, Minnesota
Aurora is a city in St. Louis County, Minnesota, United States.
Lord of War
Lord of War is a crime thriller movie released in September 2005. It is directed by Andrew Nicole and starred Nicolas Cage, Ethan Hawke, Jared Leto and Bridget Moynahan. It deals with a story of gunrunner, named Yuri, who deals in arms trafficking. It is based on a real person named Victor Bout who was a notorious arms dealer.
The movie describes a person who deals in firearms as a "Merchant of Death", since by selling guns to people, Yuri is selling and bringing them death. At the end of the movie, an additional credit title points out the irony in that the five biggest arms exporting countries, the U.S., UK, Russia, France and China, are also the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council.
Story
The main character Yuri Orlov (played by Nicolas Cage) is a Ukrainian-American. He persuaded his brother Vitaly (Jared Leto) to be his partner in his arms trafficking business. They made a great success. Another important character, Jack Valentine (Ethan Hawke), is an Interpol agent. Jack finds out that Yuri is a gunrunner. From the first moment Jack met Yuri until the ending, he tried to arrest Yuri but every time Yuri escaped capture. At the last moment when Yuri finally got caught by Jack, Yuri said to Jack that he would never be sent to jail because he himself was a "necessary evil". He also told Jack that the U.S. government, which Jack was working for, also knew that and they needed arms dealers just like Yuri. In the end, Yuri got freed from capture and kept his business for the purpose of arming people in the world.
M. S. Gill
Manohar Singh Gill (born 14 June 1936) is an Indian politician. He is a member of the Indian National Congress party. He was the Minister of Youth Affairs and Sports. He represents Punjab in the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Indian Parliament.
Validity
Validity is an idea that is used in everyday language and in logic. In ordinary language it means correct or in the right form.
An argument is valid if it seems appropriate, well-grounded and can be defended. A contract is valid if it is enforceable in law. In other words, it applies legally to a particular situation. A bank-note is valid if it can be exchanged and used for purchase, and a passport is valid if it lets the holder come in and go out of a country. A will is valid if correctly made, and certified by an appropriate court. In all these cases, valid refers to the soundness in some situation. Logical uses of this idea are similar, but phrased much more exactly.
In logic
It is nothing to do with ordinary ideas of truth. Truth points outwards to the world. Validity, on the other hand, points inwards to the syllogism.
The conclusion of a valid argument is a logical consequence of its premises. An example of a valid argument is given by the following well-known syllogism:
And it is not true that Socrates was green.
The problem with the argument is that it is not sound. In order for a deductive argument to be sound, the deduction must be valid and all the premises true.
Trishula
Trishula (Sanskrit: त्रिशूल, IAST: triśūla) or Trishul is a trident, a divine symbol, commonly used as one of the principal symbols in Hinduism. The name "Trishula" ultimately derives from the Sanskrit word त्रिशूल (triśūla), from त्रि (trí), meaning "three", and शूल (śū́la), meaning "a sharp iron pin or stake", referring in this case to the weapon's three prongs.
Lublin Triangle
The Lublin Triangle (Liublino trikampis; Trójkąt Lubelski; Люблінський трикутник) is an alliance of three European countries – Lithuania, Poland, and Ukraine – for helping Ukraine become a member of the European Union and NATO.
The Lublin Triangle countries are supporting Ukraine in the Russian aggression against Ukraine. The Lublin Triangle supports giving Ukraine the status of NATO partner.
Jaswant Singh
He was the Minister of Finance, External Affairs and Defence. He was also Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission (1998–99). After his party lost power in 2004, Jaswant Singh w as Leader of Opposition in the Rajya Sabha from 2004 to 2009.
He was the candidate for Vice president in 2012. He lost the election to Hamid Ansari.
Singh was born in Jasol, Rajputana Agency, British India. He studied at the Indian Military Academy and at Mayo College.
On 7 August 2014, Singh suffered a fall in the bathroom of his home in New Delhi and suffered a serious head injury. He was hospitalized and was in a coma until his death on 27 September 2020. Singh died of cardiac arrest and multiple organ failure caused by injuries from the fall, aged 82.
1972 Summer Olympics
The 1972 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XX Olympiad, were held in Munich, West Germany (in what is now Germany), from 26 August to 11 September 1972. Munich won its Olympic bid in April 1966 over the cities of Detroit, Michigan, USA; Madrid, Spain; and Montreal, Canada. The 1972 Summer Olympics are one of 2 Olympic Games that had a significant criminal incident — the Munich massacre, in which a group of Palestinian terrorists kidnapped and killed several Israeli athletes. (The other Olympics with a significant criminal event was the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia, USA — the Centennial Olympic Park bombing). A movie about the Israeli response to this was made called Munich.
Kutztown, Pennsylvania
Kutztown is a borough in Berks County, Pennsylvania, United States, 18 mi southwest of Allentown and 17 mi northeast of Reading. As of the 2010 census, the borough had a population of 5,012.
Santa Margarita River
The Santa Margarita River is a river in southern California, between Los Angeles and San Diego. It is about 50 mi long. It begins in the Santa Ana Mountains and flows west to the Pacific Ocean, at the Gulf of Santa Catalina.
Brookston, Minnesota
Brookston is a city in St. Louis County, Minnesota, United States.
Biwabik, Minnesota
Biwabik is a city in St. Louis County, Minnesota, United States.
Klein Hehlen
The village of Klein Hehlen was incorporated in 1939 by law into the nearby town of Celle. The suburb is northwest of the town centre.
Korma
Korma or Qorma is a dish originating in the Indian subcontinent.
Westphalia
Westphalia (Westfalen) is a region in Germany. The cities of Arnsberg, Bielefeld, Bochum, Detmold, Dortmund, Gelsenkirchen, Hagen, Minden and Münster are in its centre. In 1946, the state of North Rhine-Westphalia was created, which includes part of the historical region.
Westphalia is roughly the region between the rivers Rhine and Weser, north and south of the Ruhr River. During the course of history, different places and regions were called "Westphalia", the borders of the region can therefore not be defined exactly, as they depend on the entity and time talked about. For the same reason, there are different specifications of its area and number of people. They range between 16000 and 22000 km2 in land area, and between 4.3 million and 8 million people. There is a consensus that Münster, Bielefeld and Dortmund are part of Westphalia.
A linguistic definition of Westphalia (see Westphalian language) includes the former Prussian Province of Westphalia (except Siegen-Wittgenstein), Lippe, the region around Osnabrück and the greater area of the Emsland. Present-day common use, however, often restricts the notion to the present part of North Rhine-Westphalia.
Westphalia is known for the 1648 Peace of Westphalia which ended the Thirty Years' War, as the two treaties were signed in Münster and Osnabrück.
Basketball
Basketball is a team sport where one team, usually consisting of five players in each team, play against each other on a rectangular court. The objective is to get the ball through a hoop mounted high on a backboard on the opponent's side of the court, while preventing the opponent from shooting it into your team's hoop. It is a very popular sport worldwide, played with a round and usually orange(orange-brown) ball that bounces. Basketball players mainly use skills such as dribbling, shooting, running, and jumping. Each made basket is worth two points, while a basket made from beyond the three-point line is worth three points. If a player gets into too much physical contact, they may be given free throws which are worth one point each. The game typically lasts for four-quarters and the team with the most points at the end of the four-quarters win the game. If the score is tied at the end of the game, there will be additional play time, called overtime, to allow one team to win the match.
The game is played between men's teams or between women's teams. Basketball has been played in the Summer Olympic Games since 1936. The shot clock rule started in 1954 for professional basketball. The first basketball game took place in 1892, where the court was half the size of what it is today. In 1891 the game was invented by James Naismith.
The history of basketball
In early December 1891, James Naismith (1861–1939), a Canadian physical education teacher at Springfield College in Springfield, Massachusetts, invented an indoor game called basketball. He invented the sport to keep his students from becoming bored during the winter. Naismith wrote the basic rules and then nailed a peach basket onto a 20-foot tall pole. Unlike modern basketball hoops, the bottom of the peach-basket was still there, so after a point was scored, somebody had to get the ball out of the basket with a long stick. Over time, people made a hole at the bottom of the basket so the ball could go through more easily. The first game of basketball was played at the International Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) in Springfield, Massachusetts. The score of the first game of basketball ever played was 1-0. There is a sculpture in Springfield, outside where the first game was held. The Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame is also in Springfield.
For that first game of basketball in 1891, Naismith used two half-bushel peach baskets as goals, which gave the sport its name. The students were enthusiastic. After much running and shooting, William R. Chase made a midcourt shot, which was the only score in that historic contest. Word spread about the newly invented game, and numerous associations wrote Naismith for a copy of the rules, which were published in the January 15, 1892, issue of the Triangle, the YMCA Training School's campus paper.
Since the rules had not been formally written, there was no maximum number of players then, unlike today. This also meant that there were no set rules to the game; Naismith only observed how it was played and changed the rules accordingly.
Rules
The aim of basketball is to score more points than the other team, by making the ball in the basket. Players on one team try to stop players on the other team from scoring. Baskets can be worth 1, 2, or 3 points. Each normal score is worth two points; however, if a player throws the ball into the hoop from behind the large arched line on the court, called the "3-point line," the score is worth three points. You get points by "shooting" (throwing or dropping) the ball into the opponents' basket. The team with the most points at the end of the game wins. The ball is moved forward by shooting, passing (throwing or handing off) or dribbling it. The ball may not be carried by a player who is walking or running without dribbling it. If this rule is violated, it is called a travel.
Equipment
In each game of basketball these things are required: