cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Instinct
Other terms for instinct are fixed action patterns (FAP) and innate behaviour chains.
Overview
Instinctive behaviours can be variable and responsive to the environment. Any behaviour is instinctive if it is performed without being based upon prior experience, that is, in the absence of learning. Sea turtles, newly hatched on a beach, will automatically move toward the ocean, and automatically swim when they are in the water. A joey climbs into its mother's pouch upon being born. Honeybees communicate by dance the direction of a food source without formal instruction. Other examples include animal fighting, animal courtship behaviour, internal escape functions, and building of nests.
Reflexes as instincts
Reflex actions are a special case. A true reflex is distinguished from other behaviours by mechanism; they do not go through the brain. Rather, the stimulus travels to the spinal cord and the message is then transmitted back through the body, tracing a path called the reflex arc. Reflexes are similar to fixed action patterns, but a fixed action pattern can be processed in the brain as well. A male stickleback's instinctive aggression towards anything red during his mating season is such an example. Examples of instinctive behaviours in humans include many of the primitive reflexes, such as rooting and suckling, behaviours which are present in most mammals.
Maturational instincts
Some instinctive behaviors depend on maturational processes to appear. For instance, we commonly refer to birds "learning" to fly, because they cannot fly at first, but can a week or two later. However, young birds have been experimentally reared in devices that prevent them from moving their wings until they reached the age at which their cohorts were flying. These birds flew immediately and normally when released, showing that their improvement resulted from neuromuscular maturation and not true learning.
Components of instincts
While fixed action patterns and reflexes are clear examples of almost entirely instinctive behaviours, most behaviours are complex and consist of both instinctive and learned components. For instance, in imprinting a bird has a sensitive period during which it learns who its mother is. Konrad Lorenz famously had a goose imprint on his boots. Thereafter the goose would follow whomever wore the boots. The identity of the goose's mother was learned, but the goose's behavior towards the boots was instinctive. Similarly, sleeping in humans is instinctive, but how much and when one sleeps is clearly subject to environmental factors. Whether a behaviour is instinctive or learned is common subject of nature versus nurture debates.
Displacement activities
In a situation when two instincts contradict each other, an animal may resort to a displacement activity.
Biological function
Instinct is a built-in need to do something. It's not something an animal thinks about; it's something it does automatically. A baby bird automatically throws its head back, opens its mouth wide, and screams for food. It is an instinct. Baby bats automatically cling to the cave wall. Grasshoppers naturally spit out the things in their stomach on predators that try to eat them. Bees naturally work to take care of the hive and make honey. Butterflies inherit preferences for laying their eggs on certain plants.plant their young need to eat, and that's where they lay their eggs. Animals are born with these instincts, and they follow their instincts without conscious thought.
Organisms have two ways they can get behaviours. One way is learn, by observation, and by repeating things which have a pleasant outcome. The other way is to inherit the behaviour pattern by heredity.
Convention center
A convention center, in American English, is an exhibition hall, or conference center. It is designed to hold a convention. In British English very large venues suitable for major trade shows are known as exhibition centres. The term "convention centre" is sometimes used for intermediate venues between exhibitions centres and "conference centres", which are much smaller and contain lecture halls and meeting rooms.
Patrick Müller
Patrick Müller (born 17 December 1976) is a Swiss football player. He has played for Switzerland national team.
Club career statistics
180||5 161||3 6||0 247||8
Manchester, New Hampshire
Manchester is the largest city in New Hampshire. It is in Hillsborough County. The 2010 US Census says that 109,565 people live there. However, an estimate done in 2014 puts the population at 110,448.
Hovsta
Hovsta is a locality in Örebro Municipality in Örebro County in Sweden. In 2010, 2,785 people lived there.
Kadaikutty Singam
Kadaikutty Singam (Youngest lion) is a 2018 Indian Tamil language movie. Pandiraj wrote and directed the movie. Suriya produced the movie for his studio 2D Entertainment. The movie stars Karthi and Sayyeshaa. The movie was also released in Telugu as Chinna Babu. The movie was released on 13 July 2018.
Kimmeridge clay
The Kimmeridge clay formation is a sedimentary deposit of fossiliferous marine clay and mudstones. It is of Upper Jurassic age, and occurs in Europe. It gives its name to a stage in the Upper Jurassic called the Kimmeridgian, lasting from 157.3–152.1 million years ago.
The clay is named after the village of Kimmeridge on the Dorset coast of England, where it is well exposed and forms part of the Jurassic Coast World Heritage Site. It exists across England, in a band stretching from Dorset in the south-west, north-east to East Anglia and Hull. The River Humber Bridge's foundations are in the Kimmeridge Clay deposits under the Humber estuary.
The fossil fauna of the Kimmeridge Clay includes a reptile fauna of turtles, crocodiles, dinosaurs, plesiosaurs, pliosaurs and ichthyosaurs, as well as many invertebrate species such as Gryphaea.
Climate
The Kimmeridge Clay was laid down in an environment which is not present on the Earth today. Much of Western Europe was covered by a high sea-level: this may be related to the opening of the Atlantic. As a consequence, the UK was covered by a shallow and largely anoxic sea, perhaps less than 100m deep, with occasional landmasses.
This was shallower water than the Blue Lias of the Lower Jurassic. It was often low in oxygen, which led to its organic material being only partially decomposed. The mudstones are organic-rich, and gave rise to most of the North Sea oil.
Kaštela
Kaštela is a city in Split-Dalmatia County, Croatia. In 2021, 37,794 people lived there. It is on the central Dalmatian coast, between Trogir and Split.
A Matter of Loaf and Death
A Matter of Loaf and Death is a 2008 British stop-motion short movie. It is a Wallace & Gromit movie. The movie is a murder mystery. It was nominated for an Academy Award. It did not win the award.
Plot
Twelve bakers, including Bob, are murdered by a serial killer named Piella Bakewell. Wallace and Gromit save Piella and her poodle, Fluffles,  when the brakes on their bicycle fail,  and they fall. Gromit finds out there is no problem with their brakes, but he and Wallace are smitten. They and Piella perform a whirldwind romance. But Gromit is angered when Piella redecorates the house. After Piella tricks Wallace into her thinking after she bit her own arm, Gromit is muzzled and chained up. He watches helplessly as Piella tries to push Wallace to his demise, but he is saved by Gromit,  accidentally causing Piella to be struck by a bag of flour. After she makes an angry outburst that she hates bakers, Piella drops by the next day to apologize with a cake.
Gromit and Fluffles arrive to the house as Wallace lights the candle. After Gromit and Wallace's struggle, the cake falls,  revealing to be the bomb. They are attacked by Piella, who reveals that she detests bakers. In the chaos, the bomb ends in Wallace's pants;  Gromit and Fluffles fill the pants with dough while Piella jumps onto a  hot air balloon and escapes. However, her weight drags the balloon to a zoo and she ends up being eaten by a crocodile.
Lower Kalskag, Alaska
Lower Kalskag is a city in Alaska.
Western Wall
The Western Wall, Wailing Wall or Kotel (הַכֹּתֶל הַמַּעֲרָבִי, HaKotel HaMa'aravi; حائط البراق; Ḥā'iṭ Al-Burāq) is an ancient wall in the Old City of Jerusalem on the western side of the Temple Mount. According to Jewish tradition this wall is a remnant of the Second Temple in Jerusalem. It is the most holy site for Jews.
Vacqueyras
Vacqueyras is a commune of 1,260 people (2015). It is in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Vaucluse department in the south of France.
Geography
Vacqueyras is on the southern edge of the Dentelles de Montmirail, about 18 km east of Orange and 12 km north of Carpentras.
Orbital forcing
Orbital forcing is the effect on climate of slow changes in the tilt of the Earth's axis and shape of the orbit (see Milankovitch cycles).
These orbital changes alter the amount of sunlight reaching the Earth by up to 25% at mid-latitudes. That has a huge effect. The term "forcing" is a physical process which definitely affects the Earth's climate.
This mechanism is believed to be responsible for the timing of the ice age cycles. The timing of past glacial periods coincides very well with the predictions of the Milankovitch theory, and these effects can be calculated into the future.
Note in the graphic the strong 100,000 year periodicity of the cycles, and the striking asymmetry of the curves. Ice ages deepen by progressive steps, but the recovery to interglacial conditions occurs in one big step.
Nodal plane
A nodal plane is a plane, an area around an atom, in which the probability of finding an electron is zero.
Carl Woese
Carl Richard Woese (July 15, 1928 – December 30, 2012) was an American microbiologist and biophysicist.
Career
Woese is famous for defining the Archaea (a new domain or kingdom of life) in 1977. He used phylogenetic taxonomy of 16S ribosomal RNA, a technique pioneered by him which is now standard practice.
He was also the originator of the RNA world hypothesis in 1977, although not by that name. He was the Stanley O. Ikenberry professor of microbiology at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
Work and discoveries
The tree of life shows the diversity of microbes. Single-celled organisms represent the vast majority of the biosphere's diversity. This is surprising to some, given our familiarity with the larger metazoan world. Microbes are responsible for many biochemical cycles and are crucial to the whole biosphere. Woese's efforts to clarify the evolution and diversity of microbes was an invaluable service to ecology, conservation and evolutionary biology.
Personal life
Woese was born on July 15, 1928 in Syracuse, New York. He studied at Amherst College and at Yale University. Woese died on December 30, 2012 in his home in Urbana, Illinois from pancreatic cancer, aged 84.
Country Grammar
Reception
The album peaked at #1 on the Billboard 200 and peaked at #1 on the U.S. Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums.
Jasło
Jasło is a town in Subcarpathian Voivodeship in Poland. In 2012, 36,641 people lived there.
Gorlice
Gorlice is a city in Lesser Poland Voivodeship in southeastern Poland. About 29,500 people live there.
James Shaw
James Peter Edward Shaw (born 6 May 1973) is a New Zealand politician. He is the leader of the Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand. In October 2017 he became the Minister outside Cabinet for Statistics and Climate Change Issues. Following Metiria Turei's resignation in August 2017, Shaw became the Green Party's only leader for the 2017 general election.
Jason Bay
San Diego Padres (2003)
Bay debuted with the Padres on May 23, 2003, getting his first major league hit, a home run, in the ninth inning. Two days later, he suffered a broken right wrist after being hit by a pitch.
Pittsburgh Pirates (2003–2008)
On August 26, 2003, Bay was traded to the Pittsburgh Pirates, along with Óliver Pérez and Cory Stewart in exchange for Brian Giles. He finished the season with a .287 batting average, four home runs, and 14 RBI in 30 games.
Boston Red Sox (2008–2009)
On July 31, 2008, Bay and a player to be named later (Josh Wilson)[8] were traded to the Boston Red Sox in a three team deal that sent Manny Ramirez to the Los Angeles Dodgers and Andy LaRoche with Bryan Morris to the Pittsburgh Pirates from the Dodgers and Brandon Moss with Craig Hansen to the Pirates from the Red Sox.
Vaison-la-Romaine
Vaison-la-Romaine is a commune. It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Vaucluse department in the south of France.
Provinces of Sweden
The Provinces of Sweden (Sveriges landskap) are the 25 histrocial regions of Sweden. Back in the Middle Ages, Swedish provinces would have their own laws, but in 1634, the counties of Sweden were established, and the historical provinces are no longer around when it comes to administration or politics. However, they still play an important part within culture and regional identity.
A♭ (musical note)
A (A-flat; also called la bémol) is the first note of the A♭ major scale. A/G is the only note to have only one other enharmonic.
Rhine-Main-Danube Canal
The Rhine-Main-Danube Canal (also known in German as the Main-Danube Canal, RMD Canal or Europa Canal) is a canal that joins up the three rivers Rhine, Main and Danube so that boats can travel from one to the other. It is in Bavaria in the south of Germany. It goes from Bamberg, past Nuremberg, to Regensburg. It was finished in 1992. Boats can now travel from Rotterdam in the Netherlands all the way to the Black Sea. The canal is 171km (106 miles) long.
A previous "Ludwig Canal" connected the Danube to the Main from the middle 19th century until it was damaged in World War II and abandoned.
From Bamberg to Fürth the canal follows the valley of the Regnitz, a tributary of the Main. From Fuerth to beyond Roth it follows the valley of the Rednitz, a tributary of the Regnitz. It crosses the Frankish Alb mountains and joins the river Altmuehl near Dietfurt. From Dietfurt to Kelheim on the Danube the canal follows the Altmuehl valley.
Hugo Arana
Hugo Arana (July 23, 1943 – October 11, 2020) was an Argentine actor and comedian. He was born in Monte Grande, Argentina. His career began in 1970. His best known roles were in El Santo de la Espada, The Truce and Los exitosos Pells.
Arana died at a Buenos Aires hospital from COVID-19 on October 11, 2020 at the age of 77.
Porterville, California
Porterville is a city in the San Joaquin Valley, in Tulare County, California, United States.
Great Bitter Lake
The Great Bitter Lake (البحيرة المرة الكبرى; transliterated: al-Buhayrah al-Murra al-Kubra) is a saltwater lake in Egypt. Today, it is part of the Suez Canal, which connects it to the Mediterranean and the Red Sea. It is connected to the Small Bitter Lake (Arabic: البحيرة المرة الصغرى; transliterated: al-Buhayrah al-Murra as-Sughra), through which the canal also runs. Before the canal was built (1869), the site was a dry salt valley or basin. Even the ancient Pyramid Texts mention it. Ships traveling through the Suez Canal use the Great Bitter Lake as a "passing lane", where they can change their position in line or turn around.
Salinity
The place where the Great Bitter Lake is located used to be a dry salt valley. This still influences the salinity of the lake. Starting with the Six-Day War (1967), the Suez Canal was closed for eight years. During this time, the salinity of the lake increased a lot. It depends on how much seawater flows into it from the Red and the Mediterranean seas. Even when the canal is open, the Great Bitter Lake has a salinity level "more than twice" the level of the sea. While this makes it difficult for plant life to exist there, many species (of crabs, for example) migrate from the Red Sea through the area.
As the Suez canal has no locks, sea water flows freely into the lake from the Mediterranean and the Red Sea. In general, north of the lakes, the current changes seasonally, it flows to the north in winter, and south in summer. South of the lakes, the current is tidal, changing with the tides in the Red Sea.
Many fish migrate from south to north through the canal. This is known as Lessepsian migration. It means that certain Red Sea species have come to colonize the eastern Mediterranean.
Quincy Agreement
On 14 February 1945, in the last year of World War II, Great Bitter Lake was the site of the Quincy Agreement. U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, directly after the Yalta Conference with Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin, met Saudi Arabia's King Abdulaziz on board the naval cruiser USS Quincy.
President Roosevelt's interpreter was U.S. Marine Corps Colonel Bill Eddy, who recorded the men's conversation in his book FDR Meets Ibn Saud. The meeting is the subject of a BBC documentary by Adam Curtis, called Bitter Lake (2015).
Yellow Fleet
During the Six-Day War in 1967, the canal was closed. Egypt kept it closed until 1975, trapping 15 ships in the lake. These ships became known as the "Yellow Fleet", because of the desert sands which soon covered their decks. The crews of the ships would eventually organize, share resources, and later set up their own post office and stamp. Two German-flagged ships eventually sailed out of the canal on their own power. Stranded cargo included various perishables (such as eggs and fruit), T-shirts, and a load of toys destined for Woolworth's.
Aleqa Hammond
Aleqa Hammond (born 23 September 1965) is a Greenlandic politician. She was the leader of the Siumut party and also the country's first female Prime Minister after her party emerged as the largest in the 2013 elections.
Carlton Chapman
Carlton Anthony Chapman (13 April 1971 – 12 October 2020) was an Indian professional footballer.
As coach, Chapman had a six-year career with I-League 2nd Division club Tata Football Academy from 2002 to 2008, followed by Royal Wahingdoh FC and Students Union of the Bangalore Super Division.
Chapman died in Bangalore from a heart attack on 12 October 2020, aged 49.
Sebastià Alzamora i Martín
Sebastià Alzamora i Martín (born in Mallorca, 6 March 1972) is a writer and literary critic.
Biography
Alzamora studied from Balearic Islands University with a degree in Catalan philology. He gained popularity after releasing a book of poetry called Rafel (1994). Rafel won the Premi Salvador Espriu. He is also the author of Apoteosi del Cercle (1997), Mula Morta (2001), and El Benestar (2003).
As a narrator, he has published L'extinció (1999), Sara i Jeremies (2002), La Pell i la Princesa (2005), Nit de L'ànima (2007), Miracle a Llucmajor (2010), and Dos Amics de Vint Anys (2013). He wrote an essay about Gabriel Janer Manila called L'escriptura del Foc (1998). He also helped create Imparables, Una antologia (2004), and published Dogmàtica Imparable (2005) with Héctor Bofill and Manuel Forcano. Since December 2007, he has been director of the magazine Cultura.
John de Lancie
John Sherwood de Lancie, Jr. (born March 20, 1948) is an American actor, director, producer, writer, educator, sailor, voice artist, and comedian, best known for his role of Q in Star Trek: The Next Generation ((1987–present)) and as the voice of Discord in My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic (2010–2019). He is also known for his quite deep, resonant voice. De Lancie performed in Days of Our Lives (1982–1986; 1989–1990) as Eugene Bradford.
De Lancie was featured in several roles on television series, including Frank Simmons in Stargate SG-1 (2001–2002) and Donald Margolis in Breaking Bad (2009–2010). He is noted for his public support of bronies of the My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic fandom.
Early life
De Lancie was born John Sherwood de Lancie, Jr. in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on March 20, 1948 to John and Andrea de Lancie.
Career
De Lancie attended Kent State University and the Juilliard School. He has appeared in several television series. These include L.A. Law, Days of Our Lives, Star Trek: The Next Generation, The Practice, and Picket Fences. He has also appeared in Stargate SG-1, Breaking Bad, and Torchwood: Miracle Day.
Saqqara Tablet
The Saqqara Tablet is stone from Ancient Egypt. On it is written a list of Egyptian pharaohs from the New Kingdom. It was found in a tomb at Saqqara in 1861. The tomb belonged to Tjenry (or Tjuneroy), an official of the pharaoh Ramesses II. He was a priest and "Overseer of Works on All Royal Monuments". The stone is now in the Egyptian Museum.
The list names 58 kings, from Anedjib and Qa'a in the First Dynasty to Ramesses II in the Nineteenth Dynasty. The list is in reverse chronological order. It leaves out names of "rulers from the Second Intermediate Period, the Hyksos, and those rulers... who had been close to the heretic Akhenaten".
Each name is surrounded by a border known as a cartouche). The stone is badly damaged, and only 47 names have survived. There are mistakes in the list. For example, it only mentions four kings of the Third Dynasty. The order is correct only for the kings of the Twelfth Dynasty. The only known photograph of the king list was published in 1865.
Kings in the list
The names are listed in reverse chronological order from the upper right to the bottom left, as they were meant to be read.
Personal name
A personal name is the label which identifies an individual person. It is a proper name; and it is usually made up of a given name plus a surname.
Richard W. Mallary
Richard Walker Mallary (February 21, 1929 – September 27, 2011) was an American politician. He was as a U.S. Representative from Vermont representing Vermont's At-large congressional district from 1972 to 1975.
Personal name
The Convention on the Rights of the Child specifies that a child has the right from birth to a name. <!--
Brookfield, Connecticut
Brookfield is a town in Fairfield County, Connecticut. It was founded in 1788. In 2020, 17,528 people lived in the town.
Haifa International Airport
Haifa Michaelli Airport (נמל התעופה חיפה, Namal HaTe'ufa Haifa) is an international airport in Haifa, Israel. It is located close to Kishon Port and the coast of the Gulf of Haifa. This is the second-largest airport in Israel after Ben Gurion International Airport. The airport also has flights to the Middle East and Europe.
Richard W. Mallary
Mallary died of prostate cancer in Brookfield, Vermont, aged 82.
Personal name
Structure
Naming conventions are strongly influenced by culture; and the naming rules are known to change over time.
Common components of true names given at birth include:
Some people (called anonyms) choose to be anonymous, that is, to hide their true names, for fear of governmental prosecution or social ridicule of their works or actions. Another method to disguise one's identity is to employ a pseudonym.
Occasionally, a person is referred to by a single name. For example, Teller, of the magician duo Penn and Teller, has no given names. (His parents named him Raymond Joseph Teller but he legally changed his name to "Teller". In official government documents, such as his driver's license, his given name is listed as NFN, meaning "no first name"). Arvind of MIT CSAIL is another example.
Depending on national convention, additional given names (and sometimes titles) are considered part of the name.
Feudal names
The royalty, nobility, and gentry of Europe traditionally have many names, including phrases for the lands that they own. The French developed the method of putting the term by which the person is referred in small capital letters. It is this habit which transferred to names of the Far East, as seen below. An example is that of Marie-Joseph-Paul-Yves-Roch Gilbert du Motier, who is known as the Marquis de Lafayette. Notice that he possessed the lands both of Motier and Lafayette. Another example is Don Quixote de la Mancha, who is never referred to in literature by the phrase used as the title of the musical comedy, Man of La Mancha.
The bare place name was used formerly to refer to the person who owned it, rather than the land itself (the word "Gloucester" in "What will Gloucester do?" meant the Duke of Gloucester). As a development, the bare name of a ship in the Royal Navy meant its captain (e.g., "Cressy didn't learn from Aboukir") while the name with an article referred to the ship (e.g., "The Cressy is foundering").
Name order
Since a name is made up of several parts, the order in which those parts are arranged can be significant. The order family-name given-name is commonly known as the Eastern order and is used in Hungary, parts of Africa, and East Asia (for example in mainland China, Japan, Korea, Malaysian Chinese, Singapore, Taiwan, and Vietnam). The order given-name family-name is commonly known as the Western order and is usually used in most European countries and in countries that have cultures predominantly influenced by Western Europe (North and South America and Australia and New Zealand). In these countries, the family name is often used first in lists and catalogues, with the family and given names separated with a comma (e.g. Smith, John). For example, most Western libraries use this order, and if one fills a form sheet, family name is usually asked first.
When East Asian names are transliterated into the Latin alphabet, some prefer to convert them to the Western order at the same time, while others leave them in the Eastern order but write the family name in capital letters. To avoid confusion, some always write a family name in capital letters, especially when writing for an international audience. This habit is commonly used in the international language Esperanto. Japanese names of contemporary individuals and Hungarian names are usually "switched" when individuals who have such names are mentioned in media in Western countries; for example, Koizumi Jun'ichirō is known as Junichiro Koizumi in English, and Puskás Ferenc is known as Ferenc Puskás. But Chinese, Korean, Vietnamese, and Japanese names of historical figures are usually left in East Asian order; for instance, Máo Zédōng is known as Mao Zedong in English.
Names of Japanese or Chinese sportspeople generally follow the above conventions. For Japanese examples, see Ichiro Suzuki instead of Suzuki Ichirō (although he is widely known simply as "Ichiro" in both Japan and North America), or Hidetoshi Nakata instead of Nakata Hidetoshi. As for Chinese sportspeople, Yáo Míng is Yao Ming and Liú Xiáng is Liu Xiang in the West.
Names of Korean sportspeople may be rendered in East Asian or Western order in Western countries, apparently depending on the sport. For example, names of Korean footballers and athletes are usually left in East Asian order (e.g. Ahn Jung-hwan, Hong Myung-bo, Park Ji-sung, Sohn Kee-chung, Hwang Young-cho). Baseball players' names are usually changed to Western order; for example Park Chan-Ho is referred to in the West as Chan-ho Park. Golfers' names are also typically switched to Western order; the female golfer Pak Se-ri is known in the West as Se Ri Pak. Confusion can be avoided by noticing that in all the above cases, the words linked by a hyphen are the given name.
Nonhuman personal names
Apart from the Linnaean taxonomy, some humans give individual nonhuman animals and plants names, usually of endearment.
Names of pets
Pet names often reflect the owner's view of the animal, and their expectations they have for their companion. It has been argued that giving names allows researchers to view their pets as ontologically different from un-named laboratory animals with which they work.
Some of the reasons used to decide a pet name include: Some pet owners give human names to their pets. This has been shown to reflect the owner having a human-like relationship with the pet.
Cordyceps
Cordyceps is a genus of ascomycete fungi (sac fungi) with about 400 species. Most Cordyceps species are parasitoids. They live on and in insects and other arthropods. A few are parasitic on other fungi. The name Cordyceps is taken from the Greek word κορδύλη kordýlē, meaning "club", and the Latin stem -ceps, meaning "head".
The genus has a worldwide distribution. Most of the 400 species which have been described come from Asia Nepal, China, Japan, Bhutan, Korea, Vietnam, and Thailand. Cordyceps species are particularly abundant and diverse in humid temperate and tropical forests.
Ministry of Defence
The Ministry of Defence or Defense (see spelling differences), may also be known as a Department of Defence or Defense. This is the name for the part of government responsible for matters of defence.
These departments are found in states where the government is divided into ministries or departments. The department usually includes all branches of the military, and is usually controlled by a Defence Minister, Minister of Defence, or Secretary of Defense. The department is often referred to by the initials MoD (UK) or DoD (USA).
World War I Memorial Cemetery (Russia)
The Memorial Park Complex of the Heroes of the First World War is a cemetery in Moscow, Russia. The cemetery opened in 1915 but was demolished during the Soviet period in 1932. In 2004 the new memorial park was built on the land of the former cemetery.
Bodleian Library
Though members of the University may borrow some books from some dependent libraries (such as the Radcliffe Science Library), the vast majority of the material held by the Bodleian may only be read within the library buildings. Besides books, periodicals and manuscripts there are smaller collections of other types of material.
Philip Hammond
Philip Hammond, Baron Hammond of Runnymede (born 4 December 1955) is an English politician. He was born in Epping, Essex. He became Chancellor of the Exchequer in 2016. He became Secretary of State for Transport on 12 May 2010, and a Privy Counsellor on 13 May 2010. He was the first Member of Parliament for the Runnymede and Weybridge constituency in the United Kingdom. He was first elected in the 1997 general election. In 2017, he announced the Midlands Engine Strategy.
Bodleian Library
The Library occupies a group of five buildings near Broad Street in central Oxford: the oldest is the late medieval Duke Humfrey's Library. The newest is the Weston Library which opened in 2015, built from an overhaul of what the New Bodleian which dates from the 1930s. Since the 19th century a number of underground stores have been built below parts of these.
Though Duke Humfrey's Library was a library for the university from 1488 to 1560 the Bodleian itself was founded by Sir Thomas Bodley in the years 1598 to 1602. In the following centuries it greatly increased in size through collections of books donated by benefactors and through books received through legal deposit.
Many notable scholars have been heads of the library (known as Bodley's Librarians): the present Bodley's Librarian is Richard Ovenden.
Al Abbas Mosque
The Al-‘Abbās Mosque or Masjid al-‘Abbās (مسجد الامام العباس) is the mausoleum of ‘Abbās ibn ‘Alī. It is across from the Imām Husayn Mosque in Karbalā, Iraq.
Olav V of Norway
Olav V (born Prince Alexander of Denmark; 2 July 1903 – 17 January 1991) was King of Norway from 1957 until his death in 1991.
Yurt (newspaper)
Yurt (English: The Homeland) is a Turkish nationwide daily newspaper based in Istanbul. It was founded on January 29, 2012 by Republican People's Party politician Durdu Özbolat. Editor of the Yurt is Merdan Yanardağ.
Olav V of Norway
Olav was the only child of King Haakon VII of Norway and Maud of Wales. He became heir apparent to the Norwegian throne when his father was elected King of Norway in 1905.
Chicago River
The Chicago River is 156 miles long (251 km) and goes through the city of Chicago, Illinois, including the center of the city (the Chicago Loop). The river is not long, but it is known for being the reason why Chicago became an important place, as the connection between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi Valley waterways. The river is the only river in the world to be reversed (which is, made to flow backwards, in the opposite of its natural direction) by civil engineering.
History
In the 19th century through civil engineering, the flow of the river was reversed to head toward the Mississippi River basin, away from Lake Michigan. This was done for reasons of sanitation through the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal. The Chicago River is also noted for the local custom of dyeing it green on St. Patrick's Day. The river is controlled for boats or ships going through the river. The river is memorialized, in part, by two horizontal blue stripes on the Municipal Flag of Chicago. The river also serves as inspiration for one of Chicago's symbols: a three-branched, Y-shaped symbol (called the municipal device) is found on many buildings and other structures throughout Chicago; it represents the three branches of the Chicago River.
Main Stem
The Main Stem flows 1.5 miles (2.4 km) west from the direction at Lake Michigan; passing under the Outer Drive, Columbus Drive, Michigan Avenue, Wabash Avenue, State Street, Dearborn Street, Clark Street, La Salle Street, Wells Street, and Franklin Street bridges en route to the North Branch at Wolf Point.
At McClurg Court it passes the Nicholas J Melas Centennial Fountain, which was built in 1989 to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago; between May and October the fountain sends an arc of water over the river for ten minutes every hour.
For the Chicago Cubs rally and parade for their 2016 World Series Championship celebrations, the river was dyed Cubs blue.
North bank
On the north bank of the river, near the Chicago Landmark Michigan Avenue Bridge, is Pioneer Court, which marks the site where Jean Baptiste Point du Sable came to Chicago. Point du Sable is known as the founder of Chicago. On the south bank of the river is the site of Fort Dearborn. Well known buildings surrounding this area include the NBC Tower, the Tribune Tower, and the Wrigley Building.
Center
The river turns slightly to the south west between Michigan Avenue and State Street, passing the Trump International Hotel and Tower, 35 East Wacker, and 330 North Wabash. Turning west again the river passes Marina City, the Reid, Murdoch & Co. Building, Merchandise Mart, and 333 Wacker Drive.
Saltash
Saltash is a town in south east Cornwall, United Kingdom. It has a population of 14,964. It is separated from the city of Plymouth in Devon by the River Tamar. Saltash is the largest town within the East Cornwall area.
One of the landmarks of Saltash is the Royal Albert Bridge, 1859, which carries the railway line across the River Tamar. Alongside it is the Tamar Bridge, a toll bridge carrying the A38 trunk road. Saltash railway station is close to the town centre. The station is served by a regular train service, with some direct High Speed services to and from London Paddington.
Cam Neely
Cameron Michael Neely (born June 6, 1965 in Comox, British Columbia, Canada) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey right winger. He played for the Vancouver Canucks for 3 seasons and the Boston Bruins for 10 seasons. Neely was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 2005. He was named President of the Boston Bruins on June 16, 2010. His jersey number #8 was retired by the Boston Bruins.
Mod
Mod, MOD or mods may refer to:
Cam Neely
Both of Neely's parents died of cancer. He set up the Cam Neely Foundation. He helps cancer patients live at the "Neely House" while having cancer treatments.
Title (album)
Title is the debut major-label album from American singer and songwriter Meghan Trainor. It was released on January 9, 2015.
Ulrich Ramé
Ulrich Ramé (born 19 September 1972) is a French football player. He plays for Girondins Bordeaux.
Eid al-Adha
Eid al-Adha (عيد الأضحى ‘Īdu l-’Aḍḥā) "Festival " or "Greater Ibrahim" is a religious festival celebrated by Muslims all over the world. It is when Muslims sacrifice a goat, sheep, cow, camel, and bull sending part of the meat to poor people as a donation. It marks the end of the pilgrimage hajj for the millions of Muslims who make the trip to Mecca each year and pray 5 times a day. They like to tell Allah what they are thinking and hope for him to help them, and remember Ibrahim and Isma’il’s courage and devotion to God.
Origin
The festival is to celebrate Ibrahim's (Abraham) willingness to sacrifice his son, Isma’il, because Allah told him to do so in a dream. Showing that he loved Allah more than his own son. And at the final moment, after taking his son's consent, as he was swinging his axe to kill his son God told an angel to switch a lamb instead of his son, and this act of sacrificing a lamb is copied by Muslims all over the world on Eid.
Ulrich Ramé
International career statistics
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Eid al-Adha
Origin
Ibrahim was tempted by Satan not to listen to God, and Ibrahim drove Satan away by throwing pebbles at him. This is also still commemorated by Muslims during Hajj.
Sacrifice
The sacrifice of an animal, usually a cow, sheep or a goat, is a very important part of Eid. The act repeats what Ibrahim did, and also shows Muslims' devotion to God (Allah).
Suhoor
Suhoor (سحور lit. of the dawn) is also called Sehri, Sahari, "'suhoor"', "'pisht lamae"' and "'pishmaney"' in other languages. It is an Islamic term referring to the meal had early in the morning by Muslims before fasting. It is recommended for Muslims to eat Complex carbohydrates.
Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
The Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is an insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, northwest Pakistan. It involves the United States, United Kingdom, Pakistani military and Pakistani tribes against the Taliban, al-Qaeda and Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant. The main reason for the conflict was tensions breaking out between Pakistan Armed Forces and al-Qaeda in 2004. 3117 Pakistani armed forces members have been killed, as well as 235+ tribe members and 15 United States soldiers. 17742 insurgents have been killed or captured.
During 2004, S.A.S. soldiers were ordered to take out a renegade police officer. Two men were caught by the police and taken back to the station. Tempers had already been running high because of an arrest by soldiers who had turned out to be agents working in the Taliban.
Occitanie
Occitanie (Occitània, Occitània) is an administrative region of France. It was created on 1 January 2016 from the former French regions Languedoc-Roussillon and Midi-Pyrénées.
The name in French, Occitanie, was approved as the new name of the region on 28 September 2016.
The new Occitanie Region is the main part of a wider cultural entity known as Occitania. This wider region once included part of Spain (Aran Valley), and Monaco, and parts of Italy (the Occitan Valleys and Guardia Piemontese). This wider area used to speak Occitan as their first language.
Geography
The Occitanie region is the third largest region of France, after Nouvelle-Aquitaine and French Guiana, and the second of Metropolitan France with an area of 72723.5 km2. It is in southern France (the Midi) and borders to the south with Spain and Andorra; it also borders three French regions: Nouvelle-Aquitaine to the west, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes to the north, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur to the east. The Mediterranean Sea is to the southeast.
Its capital, Toulouse, is at 590 km to the southwest of Paris, the national capital, at 405 km to the west of Marseille, at 245 km to the southeast of Bordeaux and at 395 km to the north of Barcelona (Spain).
Mountains
The Pic Vignemale (42.77389°N, 0.1475°W), at 3299 m, is the highest mountain of the Occitanie region; it is on the border with Spain. It is in the Pyrénées National Park.
The highest point of the different departments of the Occitanie region are:
Departments
The Occitanie region is formed by 13 departments:
Arr. = Arrondissements         Cant. = Cantons          Comm. = Communes
Demographics
The Occitanie region had a population, in 2014, of 5,730,753, for a population density of inhabitants/km2.
The important cities with more than 20,000 inhabitants (2014) in the region are:
Zee Keralam
Zee Keralam is an Indian Malayalam-language television channel.
David Seymour
David Breen Seymour (born 24 June 1983) is a New Zealand politician. He is the Epsom electorate MP, and leader of ACT New Zealand. Seymour worked in public policy in Canada.
In November 2015, Seymour was named the Trans Tasman 2015 Politician Of The Year.
Seymour appeared on the seventh series of Dancing with the Stars.
Napakiak, Alaska
Napakiak is a city in Alaska.
Isha'a
The Isha (عشاء) prayer is the night-time daily prayer recited by practising Muslims. It is the fifth of the five daily prayers (salah).
Isha'a is one of the Muslim prayers. This prayer is used at nightfall before they go to sleep.
Emetophobia
Emetophobia is the fear of vomiting or seeing vomiting in public. The phobia is also related to fears of nausea. This condition is more common in females. The fear of vomiting receives little attention compared to other specific phobias.
The problem is often triggered by upsetting or embarrassing incidents in teenage years (12-19).
Panjgur
Panjgur (پنجگور) is a small town in Panjgur District, Balochistan province, Pakistan. It is located at 26°58'0N 64°5'60E.
Boro Drljača
Borislav Drljača (Serbian Cyrillic: Борислав Дрљача; 29 August 1941 – 11 October 2020), better known as Bora Drljača, was a Serbian folk singer.
Drljača recorded over four hundred songs including "Stari vuk" (Old Wolf), "Ne namiguj na me tuđa ženo" (Don't Wink at Me, Someone Else's Wife), and "Plači, mala, plači" (Cry, Baby, Cry).
Drljača also appeared on reality shows Veliki Brat VIP 4 (2010) and Parovi 4 (2015).
Drljača died of colon cancer on 11 October 2020 in Belgrade, aged 79.
2005 UEFA European Under-19 Championship squads
Players born on or after 1 January 1986 were available to participate in the tournament. Players' age as of 18 July 2005 – the tournament's starting day. Players in bold have later been capped at full international level.
Head coach: Nikos Nioplias
Head coach: Zvonko Živković
Head coach: 🇦🇲 Samvel Petrosyan
Head coach: 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 Martin Hunter
Head coach: 🇫🇷 Jean Gallice
Head coach: 🇳🇴 Tor Ole Skullerund
Ergnies
Ergnies is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
Pope Pius I
Pope Pius I (Pius Primus; died 154) was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 10th Pope, the official title is the Bishop of Rome from 140 until his death in 154.
Pope
He was the first sole Bishop of Rome during his reign. Previously, the Bishop of Rome was a council of Bishops with the Pope being the head of the council. His feast day is celebrated on July 11.
Napaskiak, Alaska
Napaskiak is a city in Alaska.
Suzdal
Suzdal (Суздаль) is a town in Vladimir Oblast, Russia. In 2021, 9,286 people lived there.
Autumn in New York (movie)
Autumn in New York is a 2000 American romantic drama movie directed by Joan Chen and starring Richard Gere, Winona Ryder, Anthony LaPaglia, Elaine Stritch, Sherry Springfield, Jill Hennessy, J.K. Simmons, Mary Beth Hurt. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
Vaugines
Vaugines is a commune. It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Vaucluse department in the south of France.
Valréas
Valréas is a commune. It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Vaucluse department in the south of France.
Carolina de Moras
Carolina Andrea de Moras Alvarado (born 24 February 1981) is a Chilean model, actress and television presenter.
Karl Barth
Karl Barth (1886-1968) was a Protestant theologian who started a movement in theology that is now called Neo-Orthodoxy. He wrote Church Dogmatics and the Gottingen Dogmatics, as well as a number of Biblical commentaries, most famously on the Book of Romans. He was heavily involved in the authorship of the anti-Nazi Barmen declaration in 1934.
Barth rejects Biblical inerrancy, and he also rejects stronger forms of predestination.
Faker
Faker is a band from Sydney, Australia. They started in 1996 and have made two albums.
Formation and lineup changes
Faker officially started in Sydney in 1996. The first members were Nathan Hudson, Paul Youdell, Chris Deal, and Andrew Day. They played small gigs around Sydney, and made two EPs during the next five years, but did not have much success. Day left the band in 2003, and Paul Berryman joined. In 2006, Downing left; he said communicating with other members of the band was difficult. In 2008 Berryman left and was replaced by Lucio Pedrazzi.
Addicted Romantic
Faker released their first album, Addicted Romantic, on 13 June 2005. The album was only minorly successful in Australia, as it was nominated for the J Award from Triple J. It did not win; instead Wolfmother won.
Giannis Antetokounmpo
Giannis Sina Ougko Ugo Antetokounmpo (born December 6, 1994) is a Greek professional basketball player for the Milwaukee Bucks of the National Basketball Association (NBA). 213 cm, Antetokounmpo's combination of size, speed and ball-handling skills led to his nickname the "Greek Freak". He is the 2019 NBA Most Valuable Player.
Born in Greece to Nigerian parents, Antetokounmpo began playing basketball for the youth teams of Filathlitikos in Athens. In 2011 he began playing for the club's senior team. He declared himself eligible for the NBA Draft in 2013 and was selected 15th overall by the Milwaukee Bucks.
Area code 869
Area code 869 is the local telephone area code of Saint Kitts and Nevis. The 869 area code was created during a split from the original (809) area code which was done in October, 1996. Like many Caribbean countries St Kitts uses +1 followed by the area code as the international direct dial phone code.
When in Saint Kitts and Nevis, use the seven digits alone. When calling to Saint Kitts and Nevis from anywhere in the United States or Canada simply dial 1(869) + seven digit phone number.
Roy Hargrove
Roy Anthony Hargrove (October 16, 1969 – November 2, 2018) was an American jazz trumpeter. He was born in Waco, Texas. Hargrove played primarily with jazz musicians such as Wynton Marsalis and Herbie Hancock. His first best known work was "With the Tenors of Our Time". He won two Grammy Awards for "Habana" (1997) and "Directions in Music: Live at Massey Hall" (2002).
Hargrove was the bandleader of the progressive group The RH Factor. Its members have included Chalmers "Spanky" Alford, Pino Palladino, James Poyser, Jonathan Batiste and Bernard Wright.
Hargrove died in New York City on November 2, 2018 from a heart attack at the age of 49.
Lynn Stout
Lynn A. Stout (September 14, 1957 – April 16, 2018) was an American corporate law scholar. She was the Distinguished Professor of Corporate & Business Law at the Cornell Law School. Before, she worked as Professor of Corporate and Securities Law at UCLA Law School. Her work was about researching, writing on, and teaching about corporate law, securities and derivatives regulation, law and economics, and prosocial behavior and law.
Stout died on April 16, 2018 at the age of 61 of cancer.