cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Tanning bed
Design
Tanning beds use a special fluorescent lamps (16 to 32 per tanning bed) that creates visible light and ultraviolet light. Like all fluorescent lights, they use a ballast system to limit the electricity going to each lamp, which is most often 100 watts per lamp. The tanning beds use a special acrylic, or clear shield over the lamps. Most clear plastics will block ultraviolet, but this special type of plastic lets most of the ultraviolet light pass through. Most tanning beds also have a cooling fan system, to cool the electronics inside the tanning bed and keep it from getting too hot. All tanning beds have a timer, a device to limit the amount of time the person is exposed to the ultraviolet light. After a few minutes, the timer makes the bed turn off.
Benefits and risks
Like the sun, tanning beds help the body to produce vitamin D due to the exposure to the UV (ultraviolet light). Both the sun and tanning beds can damage your skin if you stay exposed for too long. Getting too much UV, or many sunburns can cause skin cancer, including melanoma, which can be deadly. There is a lot of controversy due to the risks. Most countries have many laws and rules that regulate tanning beds.
Typhoon Kompasu (2010)
Typhoon Kompasu was noticed on August 28, the United States Air Force base in Okinawa, Japan, began preparing for what was then Tropical Storm 08W. Tropical Cyclone Condition of Readiness (TCCOR) level three was issued the following morning. By August 30, forecasts showed that a strengthening storm would strike the area, possibly bringing winds in excess of 130 km/h. Following this, the TCCOR level was increased to two. For the first time in over three years, TCCOR level one was declared on August 31. Military personnel and residents across the island were urged to complete their preparations and remain indoors for the duration of the typhoon. During the storm's passage on August 31, the highest warning level, TCCOR One-E (emergency) was declared. Following Kompasu's passage, the emergency warning was changed to recovery as conditions improved.
Throughout Okinawa, Kompasu brought strong winds and heavy rains, leaving an estimated 32,000 residences without power. The highest rainfall total was measured in Motobu at 4.96 in. Winds in excess of 150 km/h felled a 300-year-old tree. The 17 m Sion Pine Tree was the last of its kind on the island and was once the symbol of the northern Okinawa Region. The Okuma Recreation Facility sustained substantial damage and was closed to the public for at least a week. According to United States Air Force captain Adam Vaccarezza, concrete towers fell during the storm. Although Kompasu was a strong typhoon when it passed over Okinawa, no loss of life took place; however, five people were injured. Some homes sustained roof damage across the region, prompting a few evacuations. Additionally, Kompasu resulted in the cancellation of 432 flights to and from the island chain, stranding 57,126 people.
Mercedes-Benz O405
The Mercedes-Benz O405 is a bus that was produced by Mercedes-Benz from 1980 to 2000. It was the last VöV SL-II standard bus to be made.
Columella
Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella (4 – 70 AD) was a famous Roman writer on agriculture. His De re rustica forms an important source on agriculture of Roman Empire. A genus of the Peruvian asterid Columellia was named in his honor.
Cisco Systems
Cisco Systems, Inc. is an American multinational technology conglomerate headquartered in San Jose, California, in the center of Silicon Valley. Cisco develops, manufactures and sells networking hardware, telecommunications equipment and other high-technology services and products. Through its numerous acquired subsidiaries, such as OpenDNS, WebEx, Jabber and Jasper, Cisco specializes into specific tech markets, such as Internet of Things (IoT), domain security and energy management.
Cisco stock was added to the Dow Jones Industrial Average on June 8, 2009, and is also included in the S&P 500 Index, the Russell 1000 Index, NASDAQ-100 Index and the Russell 1000 Growth Stock Index.
Giovanni (footballer, born 1972)
Giovanni Silva de Oliveira (born 4 February, 1972) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team.
Club career statistics
108||41 68||18 137||64 0||0 313||123
International career statistics
!Total||18||6
Spatalla confusa
Spatalla confusa is a flower-bearing shrub that belongs to the genus Spatalla and forms part of the fynbos. The plant is native to the Western Cape where it occurs in the Cederberg up to the Hottentots Holland Mountains, Swartberg and Kammanassie Mountains.
Adam's apple (disambiguation)
An Adam's apple is a structure in the front of the throat more prominent in men than women.
Adam's apple can also mean:
Hereditary haemochromatosis
Hereditary haemochromatosis is a disease caused by a genetic disorder in which a person accumulates a dangerous level of iron in a body.
Humans, cannot quickly expel extra iron. Therefore extra iron accumulates in tissues and organs and harms the bodies normal function.
The hereditary form of the disease is most common among those of Northern European ancestry, in particular those of Celtic descent. The disease is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. Most often, the parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but do not show signs and symptoms of the condition.
Resident Evil 4
Resident Evil 4, known in Japan as Biohazard 4 (バイオハザード4), is a survival horror third-person shooter video game developed by Production Studio 4 and published by multiple publishers, including Capcom, Ubisoft and Nintendo of Australia. It is the sixth game in the Resident Evil series.
Dot and the Kangaroo
Dot and the Kangaroo is an Australian Children's Book written by Ethel Pedley about a 5 year old  Girl named Dot who lost in the Bush.
Khanqah
A khanqah or khaniqah is a place where members of the Sufi faith meet and do their spiritual rituals. Today, there are a lot of khanaqahs around the world, especially in muslim countries.
Billiat
Billiat is a commune. It is found in the region Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in the Ain department in the east of France.
Serotonin
Serotonin is a neurotransmitter. Its chemical name is 5-Hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT. It is derived from tryptophan. Serotonin is found in all vertebrates, mainly in the gastrointestinal tract, blood platelets and central nervous system. Its name is derived from its effect on blood pressure: serotonin is a part of the serum which regulates the tonus of blood vessels.
Serotonin is also found in insect venom, fungi and plants. Its presence in the seeds of many fruits helps speed those seeds through the digestive tract of animals that consume them. In insect venom, it causes pain, and sometimes death, through its effect on smooth muscle contraction.
Serotonin is involved in social rank. A lobster injected with serotonin behaves like an alpha male.
Plectrohyla lacertosa
The pop-eyed spikethumb frog (Plectrohyla lacertosa) is a frog that lives in Mexico. Scientists have only seen it in two places, both in the Sierra Madre mountains in Chiapas. They saw it 1000 to 2134 meters above sea level.
Adam's apple
The Adam's apple is a feature of the human neck. The medical name in English for it is the laryngeal prominence. This lump is formed by the angle of the thyroid cartilage (a type of soft bone) around the larynx (part of the throat which holds the vocal chords).
History of the name
It is called "Adam's apple" as a reference to the forbidden fruit, which according to a traditional Jewish belief, got stuck in Adam's throat. Different languages use the same term, for instance Adamsappel (Dutch), pomme d'Adam (French) and Adamsapfel (German). Until the 19th century, the medical term was also generally Pomum Adami. When the Basle Nomina Anatomica was introduced in 1895, it became Prominentia laryngea.
Ismail Kadare
Ismail Kadare (, also spelled Kadaré; born 28 January 1936) is an Albanian novelist and poet. He is known for writing short stories until the publication of his first novel, The General of the Dead Army.
In 1996, he became a lifetime member of the Academy of Moral and Political Sciences of France. In 2005, he won the first Man Booker International Prize and in 2016, he was Commandeur de la Légion d'Honneur recipient.
Kadare has been said he might win the Nobel Prize in Literature. His works have been published in about 30 languages.
Iron Curtain
The Iron Curtain is a term related to the Cold War. It means the border between the states that were members of the Warsaw Pact (in Eastern Europe), and those that were not (then called The West).
This border was between East Germany and West Germany, between Czechoslovakia and Austria, and between Hungary and Austria.
At the end of World War II Austria, Germany and Berlin were divided into four zones. In 1955, a treaty was signed. The treaty said that the Allied forces must leave Austria. In return, the Austrian government promised to do certain things, like not form a territorial union with Germany and recognise certain minorities, amongst others. The whole of Europe was separated into a Soviet Union zone in the East and a neutral or US-dominated zone in the West. The splitting of Europe, Germany and especially Berlin into two political blocks was part of the Cold War between the United States of America and other western countries on one side and the Soviet Union and its allies on the other. The wartime Allied Forces split after their common enemy, Nazi Germany, was defeated in May 1945.
The idea of the Iron Curtain was referring to the separation of the communist Europe compared to the democratic west, it was the idea that what was happening in the satellite states and in Russia was secret to the rest of the world. Satellite state refers to a country being controlled by another, in this case Russia was controlling countries such as Hungary, Poland, Romania, Bulgaria and others which were previously controlled by Germany in WW2.
The idea of the Iron Curtain was made public by Winston Churchill, former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, in 1946 when he was invited to speak at American University by Harry S. Truman (the American president at the time). Churchill's speech was seen by Nikita Khrushchev; leader of the USSR from 1958 until 1964 as a declaration of war, as Churchill urged a struggle against the Soviet Union.
Yusuke Shimada
Yusuke Shimada (born 19 January 1982) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Tokushima Vortis.
Club career statistics
207||28||18||1||5||0||230||29 207||28||18||1||5||0||230||29
Barringer Crater
The Barringer Crater was the first meteorite crater to be recognised for what it is. It is a young crater, made about 50,000 years ago in Arizona.
Daniel Barringer (May 25, 1860 – November 30, 1929) was a geologist. He was the first person to prove the existence of an impact crater on the Earth. The site has been renamed the Barringer Crater in his honor, and this is the preferred name used by scientists.
The crater is a popular tourist attraction. It is privately owned by the Barringer family through the Barringer Crater Company. There is an admission fee charged to see the crater. The Meteor Crater Visitor Center is on the north rim. It displays a fragment of the meteorite.
The crater was made by a a nickel-iron meteorite about 160 feet (50 meters) across.
Kevin Keegan
Kevin Keegan (born 14 February 1951) is a former English football player. He has played for England national team in the seventies.
Club career statistics
500||171||50||19||36||9||44||14||720||245 90||32||8||4||colspan="2"|-||13||4||111||40 590||203||58||23||36||9||57||18||831||285
International career statistics
!Total||63||21
Gary Doherty
Gary Doherty (born 31 January 1980) is an Irish football player. He plays for Norwich City.
Club career statistics
296||21||25||7||19||1||340||29 296||21||25||7||19||1||340||29
International career statistics
!Total||33||4
World Anti-Doping Agency
The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA; French: Agence mondiale antidopage, AMA) is a foundation to fight against drugs in sport. It was set up by the International Olympic Committee and is based in Canada.
WADA promotes, coordinates and monitors the fight against drugs in sports. The agency does scientific research, educates, and has anti-doping capability. It monitors the World Anti-Doping Code. This is enforced by the UNESCO International Convention against Doping in Sport. The Council of Europe Anti-Doping Convention and the United States Anti-Doping Agency have similar aims, and work with WADA.
Nanjing Metro
Nanjing Metro is a metro system in Nanjing. There are 12 lines now, and in total the lines are about 449.45 km long. The first line, Metro Line 1, was opened in 2005.
Lines
*:
Izhevsk
Izhevsk (Russian: Иже́вск) is the capital city of Udmurt Republic in Russia. The population is 628,116 people. From 1984 to 1987, the city's name was Ustinov (in honour of the Minister of Defense of the USSR and the Marshal of the Soviet Union, Dmitry Ustinov).
Economy
Izhevsk is a major economic center for the Udmurt Republic. Military industry is the most popular type of economy in Izhevsk. Many military companies operate in the city. The companies produce military guns that are popular in Russia and other countries. The companies also are known to produce automobiles. In 2006, the Venezuelan president Hugo Chávez took a tour in the city, and he wanted to purchase many of the popular weapons available.
Izhevsk Pond
The Izhevsk Pond is one of the most famous recreational places. It is about 22 km2, and it was artificially made (some parts were even made by hand). The pond was created in the 1760s for the industry.
Bob Braden
Braden worked at the University of California, Los Angeles, Carnegie Mellon University and at the Internet Architecture Board (1981–1994). He retired in 2016.
Braden died on April 15, 2018 of myelodysplastic syndrome at the age of 84.
Napoleon and Samantha
Napoleon and Samantha is a 1972 American adventure drama movie directed by Bernard McEveety and starring Michael Douglas, Jodie Foster, Johnny Whitaker, Will Geer, Arch Johnson, Rex Holman, Ellen Corby, John Lupton. It was distributed by Walt Disney Pictures. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1973.
Herman Wouk
Herman Wouk (May 27, 1915 – May 17, 2019) was a Pulitzer Prize winning American writer. He was from New York City, New York. Wouk had written many books including The Caine Mutiny. He won Pulitzer Prize award in 1952.
Wouk was Orthodox Jewish. He was known for his defence of religion, tradition, American patriotism and the Military.
Wouk died in his sleep at his home in Palm Springs, California on May 17, 2019, 10 days before his 104th birthday.
Catfish
Catfish are an order of teleost fish, the Siluriformes. There are about 40 families in the order.
They are called catfish because their barbels look like the whiskers of a cat. They are very diverse. The heaviest is the Mekong giant catfish, up to 350 kg (770 lb). The longest is the wels catfish, up to 4 m (13 ft). There are also detrivores in the group. There are some tiny parasitic catfish called candiru. Some catfish are grown for food, in fish farms. Some catfish can be kept in aquaria.
Special lifestyles
Most catfish do not harm people, but some of them can cause problems. It is said that the candiru can enter the human urethra, where they stay as parasites. In normal life they are parasites on fish gills.
The Malapteruridae are a family of electric catfish. Several species of the family can produce an electric shock of up to 350 volts using electroplaques of an electric organ.
Ibis
The ibises (collective plural ibis; classical plurals ibides and ibes) are a group of long-legged wading birds in the family Threskiornithidae. This family also includes the spoonbills.
They all have long down curved bills, and usually feed as a group, probing mud for food items, usually crustaceans. Most species nest in trees, often with spoonbills or herons.
The word ibis comes from Greek and Latin, and probably from the Ancient Egyptian. According to Josephus, Moses employed ibes against serpents during a desert campaign into Ethiopia in his early life. Pliny the Elder also recounted, "The Egyptians invoked ibes against the serpents."
Ancient Egyptians
Ancient Egyptians would make ibises into mummies and offer them to the god Thoth, whom they drew and carved with the head of an ibis. Egyptologists have found many thousands of ibis mummies in tombs. In 2019, scientists looked at the DNA from the ibis mummies and from living ibises around Africa and came to believe that the ibises that were made into mummies were not caught in the wild. Instead, ancient Egyptians fed the ibises in large lakes near their temples and caught them when they wanted them.
Stoat
A stoat (Mustela erminea) is a small mammal of the family Mustelidae. It is also called a short tailed weasel. It is bigger than a weasel. Stoats in their white winter coat are also called ermines. They can grow to be as long as 30 centimeters (a foot long). They eat other small animals and bird eggs, and can kill animals bigger than themselves. They can also store food for later. They kill by biting the neck of their prey at the place where the skull attaches to the rest of the body.
Description
Males are 187–325 mm (7.4–12.8 in) in length. Females are 170–270 mm (6.7–10.6 in) in length. The tail is 75–120 mm (3.0–4.7 in) in males. The tail is 65–106 mm (2.6–4.2 in) in females. Males weigh 258 grams (9.1 oz). Females weigh less than 180 grams (6.3 oz).
Behavior
Stoats are largely crepuscular, meaning that they are most active during dawn and dusk, though they spread out their activity in short bursts during the day and night as well.
The stoat does not dig its own burrows. Instead it uses the burrows of the rodents it kills. The skins and underfur of the rodents it kills are used to line the nest chamber. The nest chamber is sometimes found in places that doesn't look like a good place to live in, such as among logs piled against the walls of houses. The stoat also lives in old and rotting stumps, under tree roots, in heaps of brushwood, haystacks, in bog hummocks, in the cracks of empty mud buildings, in rock piles, rock clefts, and even in magpie nests.
Distribution and Habitat
Stoats live in temperate, subarctic northern areas. They live in parts of Europe, Asia, and North America. They were brought to New Zealand to kill rabbits. Unfortunately, they also killed many of the native New Zealand birds.
The stoat lives throughout North America, Europe, and Asia, from Greenland and the Canadian and Siberian Arctic islands. Stoats in North America are found throughout Alaska and Canada south through most of the northern United States to central California, northern Arizona, northern New Mexico, Iowa, the Great Lakes region, New England, and Pennsylvania, but are absent from most of the Great Plains, and the Southeastern United States. The stoat in Europe is found as far south as in Portugal. It also lives in most islands with the except Iceland, Svalbard, the Mediterranean islands and some small North Atlantic islands. In Japan, it is lives in the central mountains (northern and central Japan Alps) to northern part of Honshu (mainly above 1,200 m) and Hokkaidō.
Reproduction
Stoats live alone and are territorial. The gestation period is usually around 300 days. After mating in the summer, the kits will not be born until the following spring. Female stoats spend almost all their lives either pregnant or in heat.They mate once a year and have several babies, which are called kits. The kits may not develop for 8–9 months after the female becomes pregnant. When weather conditions are good and there is plenty of food, the kits begin to grow and are born within a month. The males do not help raise the babies.
Males become sexually mature at 10–11 months. Females become sexually mature at the age of 2–3 weeks whilst still blind, deaf and hairless.
Parts of a sail
In sailing the parts of a sail have certain terms that clearly describe them.
There are two types of common mainsails. The Three Sided Mainsail and the Four sided Mainsail. Each of these Mainsail types have many different names according to exact location and relationship of supporting spars.
Parts of a headsail
The headsail of a sailboat is any sail set forward of the mast (on a single masted boat) or foremast (the mast nearest the bow). The corresponding parts are the same relative to the front of the boat. (Note: The headsail tack is the name for the lower corner of the headsail -- the sail closest to the front of the boat.)
Benton, Arkansas
Benton is a city in and the county seat of Saline County, Arkansas in the United States. As of 2006, 27,717 people were living in Benton.
Bob Holly
While in WWF/E, Holly has held the WWF/E Hardcore Championship six times, the WWF/E Tag Team Championship three times (with the 1-2-3 Kid, Crash Holly and Cody Rhodes), and the NWA World Tag Team Championship once with Bart Gunn.
Icon
How a Christian Orthodox icon is painted
It was always hoped that a painting would last for a long time, so everything had to be very carefully prepared. A board had to be chosen that would not crack or warp (bend), and which did not have any knotty bits that might fall out. The board was sanded smooth and then coated with a gluey paint called "size" which would hold the coloured paint well, but stop the expensive colours from being soaked up by the wood. The artist would prepare the paints very carefully. Some of the colours were made from gound-up semi-precious stones. Others were made from chemicals.
Before the artist could start on the panel, he had to prepare the design. It was not important for the artist to think of something new and different. It was much more important that he could copy another icon very accurately. The same designs were used over and over.
Although all icons were thought of as a window to Heaven, some icons were believed to have special properties. It was believed that praying and lighting candles before some icons would bring healing, or the help of the saint who was shown in the picture. These icons became very famous and were often copied.
After the artist had drawn the design onto the surface of the size in thin green or brown paint, he would put the paint on in layers, building up the colours bit by bit. Most of the colours were quite transparent and this made the painting look glowing. When the figures were finished the artist would set the work in a wooden frame and "gild" it by covering the background with a little pieces of gold leaf that had been beaten into very thin sheets. When a candle was lit near the icon, it shone on the gold surface and made the figures stand out.
Icons in other religions
Throughout history, some religions such as Christianity and Hinduism, have often used images such as paintings and statues, while others, such as Judaism and Islam, do not often use images of people.
In Hinduism there is much use of sacred objects because there is a belief in murti, the idea that the Spirit of God can be present in an icon (or holy object).
Jack Skellington
Jack Skellington is the main character of the 1993 movie Nightmare Before Christmas. Jack is the "Pumpkin King" of Halloween Town, a world based on Halloween. Jack is voiced by Chris Sarandon. Danny Elfman provided Jack's singing voice. The character is shown on various merchandise.
Carlos Germano
Carlos Germano (born 14 August, 1970) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team.
Club career statistics
198||0 0||0 198||0
University of al-Karaouine
The University of al-Karaouine (or al-Qarawiyyin, جامعة القرويين) is a university in Fes, Morocco. The mosque was founded by Fatima al-Fihri in 859. It had a school, or madrasa, that taught students about Islam. It later became one of the most important centres of learning in the Muslim world. It was made a part of Morocco's modern university system in 1963. It is the continually operating school in the world. It is sometimes also called the oldest university
Carlos Germano
International career statistics
!Total||9||0
Makoto Hasebe
Makoto Hasebe (長谷部 誠) is a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.
Molineux Stadium
Molineux Stadium is a football stadium in Wolverhampton, England. It is the current home stadium of the Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C.. The stadium was built in 1889 and was opened that same year. The total number of people that can be seated is about 31,700, although the view from some seats in the Stan Cullis stand are restricted by the Steve Bull stand roof until it is redeveloped, due to this they are never sold. The stadium has also hosted the England internationals and, more recently, the England under-21 internationals, and the UEFA Cup Final in 1972.
Makoto Hasebe
Biography
Hasebe was born in Fujieda on January 18, 1984. After graduating from Fujieda Higashi High School, he joined J1 League club Urawa Reds in 2002. He became a regular palyer in the 2003 season. He played mainly as defensive midfielder with Keita Suzuki. Urawa won the championship in the 2006 J1 League for the first time in the club history and the first Asian title of the 2007 AFC Champions League. In January 2008, he moved to German Bundesliga club Wolfsburg. The club won the champions in the 2008/09 season. He played 135 matches for the club. In summer 2013, he moved to Nürnberg. However the club was relegated to 2. Bundesliga end of the 2013/14 season. In summer 2014, he move to Eintracht Frankfurt.
On February 10, 2006, he debuted for the Japan national team against United States. Although he could not play at all in 2007, Takeshi Okada became a new manager in December 2007 and he was selected the Japan again in May 2008. After that, he became a regular player as defensive midfielder with Yasuhito Endo. Hasebe was selected the Japan for 2010 World Cup. He was named a Japan's captain from the 2010 World Cup and played all 4 matches. Japan qualified to the knockout stage. In 2011, he participated 2011 Asian Cup. he played all 6 matches and Japan won the champions. From late 2013, Hasebe played as defensive midfielder with Hotaru Yamaguchi instead of Endo. He also played at 2014 World Cup and 2015 Asian Cup. In 2018, he was selected the Japan for 2018 World Cup. He played all 4 matches as defensive midfielder with Gaku Shibasaki and Japan qualified to the knockout stage. After the 2018 World Cup, he retired from Japan national team. He played 114 games and scored 2 goals for Japan until 2018.
Statistics
149||12||15||6||35||5||11||2||210||25 311||7||28||0||colspan="2"|-||41||1||380||8 460||19||43||6||35||5||52||3||590||33
!Total||114||2
4th century BC
The 4th century BC started the first day of 400 BC and ended the last day of 301 BC.
Mike Agostini
Michael George Raymond "Mike" Agostini (23 January 1935 – 12 May 2016) was a Trinidadian track and field athlete. He was from Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago.
In 1954, he became the first athlete from that country to take a gold medal at the Commonwealth Games when he won the 100 yards final in Vancouver, Canada, on 31 July. He competed in the 1956 Summer Olympics.
100 Tears
100 Tears is a 2007 slasher comedy movie. The story is about revenge. This movie was released with an NC-17 rating.
Drivers License
"Drivers License" (written in lowercase) is a song by American singer-actress Olivia Rodrigo. It was released on January 8, 2021, by Interscope and Geffen Records. The song has reached number one in several countries, including the US, UK, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.
The song's story is about someone earning their driver's license and visiting their love interest who has feelings for someone else. Canadian Singer Songwriter Michael Bublé performed it with the BBC Orchestra.
Muesli
Muesli (pronounced as ) is a type of breakfast cereal made with rolled oats and other ingredients such as grains, nuts, seeds and fresh or dried fruits. Muesli is often served with milk or yoghurt, or occasionally with fruit juice. These liquids are usually added to soften the muesli and to add extra flavor.
Muesli was first developed in 1900 by Swiss physician Maximilian Bircher-Benner. He invented muesli so that patients in his hospital were able to eat a ready-made meal in a dry form, either made fresh or stored.
Józef Piłsudski
Józef Klemens Piłsudski (December 5, 1867 – May 12, 1935) was an important leader of Poland. He is seen in Poland as the father of the Polish state, since he declared Poland's independence at the end of World War 1.
From 1795 to 1918, Poland was not an independent country. The partitions of Poland divided it into three parts between Russia, Prussia (Germany) and Austria-Hungary. Piłsudski was born in the Russian part. The government tried to make Poles become Russian but Piłsudski was born in a noble family of patriots, that wanted Poland to be an own independent country.
In 1887 he got into trouble for helping people who tried to overthrow the Russian Tsar. For that he was sent to Siberia. When he came back from there he got more and more involved in politics.
Later Piłsudski became a soldier and wanted to make Poland independent again. At the beginning of World War I, people who agreed with Pilsudski helped Austria-Hungary, because they preferred it to Russia. Piłsudski created a Polish army in Austria called the Polish Legions. Piłsudski is famous for leading the I. Brigade of the Polish Legions.
When they stopped helping Austria-Hungary and Germany, Piłsudski was arrested. When the War was over, he was freed.
He came to Warsaw in November 1918 and helped to organize Poland, which now existed again after 123 of partition. Then, for a short time, he became its leader (not president but head of state). Gabriel Narutowicz became Poland's first president, but he was assassinated a few days later and Stanisław Wojciechowski became the next president. Piłsudski was shocked and left politics for a few years.
Poland's situation was not good and the politicians argued a lot. Many people, especially the soldiers, wanted Piłsudski back, so he told Wojciechowski to resign. When Wojciechowski said no, Piłsudki took over with the help of the Army. Parliament elected Ignacy Mościcki, Piłsudski's close friend to be the new president. . Together, they changed the Polish constitution and made other changes which made Poland stronger in the 1920s and 30s. Today, Piłsudski is remembered as a heroe. He has many statues and streets named after him.
Childhood and youth
Joseph Piłsudski, was born on 5 December 1867 in Zułowo in Lithuania, into a patriotic family. His father, Joseph Wincenty (1833-1902), had fought in the January 1863 Uprising against the Russian rule of Poland-Lithuania. His mother - Maria (1842-1884) - came from a famous family. He had a daughter, Jadwiga Piłsudska (1920-2014).
Piłsudski was a patriot since he was very young and often had problems with the Russian teachers in his school.
In Siberia he met many Polish Soldiers that fought for Independence in the 1863 uprising against Russia.
Early Political Life
His party had paramilitary organizations that made protests and uprisings against Russian officers and generals from time to time.
Piłsudski personally took part in the famous Bezdanny Raid, where Piłsudski and his friends took a lot of money from a train that belonged to the Tsar.
With the money Piłsudski bought weapons and started preparing for the coming World War. Piłsudski hoped that during the war Russia and Germany would fight against each other, giving Poland a chance to return.
World War 1
When World War 1 broke out, Piłsudski lead his armies on the side of Austria.
Piłsudski's Polish Legions won many battles for Austria and Germany against Russia and this made them respect Poland, allowing the existence of a Polish State in 1916.
Piłsudski's Brigade (I. Brigade) is also the subject of the famous Polish military song "My pierwsza brygada" which is the current anthem of the Polish military and very popular in Poland.
When Piłsudski decided that Poland must be indepenent from Germany too, he was arrested and brought to a fortress in Magdeburg, Germany in 1917. He was released at the end of the war in November 1918.
When Piłsudski returned to Poland, he was celebrated by masses of happy people. He was and is loved as a heroe in Poland to this day.
On 11. November Piłsudski declared that Poland is an independent country again, after 123 years of Poland not existing on the map.
Politics in Independent Poland
After Poland started to exist again, Piłsudski was the leader of Poland.
In Russia a revolution broke out during World War 1 that deposed the Tsar and later the government.
The new soviet Russia was communist and wanted to conquer Europe, included Poland.
When in the year 1920 the soviet red army was at the gates of Warsaw, Poland's capital, Piłsudski sent his soldiers to battle the red army and defeated them. This battle is celebrated in Poland every year.
After the war with Russia was over, Piłsudski gave his power to the new democratic government of Poland in 1922.
Bentonville, Arkansas
Bentonville is a city in the US state of Arkansas.
Józef Piłsudski
Politics in Independent Poland
Unfortunately, the first president was killed only 2 days after he became president. Piłsudski was very disappointed and sad, so he left politics and spent time with his family in their house in Sulejówek (a part of Warsaw).
The new governments of Poland were very weak and Poland was becoming pooerer and poorer. Many people missed Piłsudski and wanted him to become the leader of Poland again.
Bentonville, Arkansas
Which well-known Arkansas politician was born here?
Governor Asa Hutchinson.
Józef Piłsudski
Politics in Independent Poland
When Piłsudski organized a demonstration in 1926 asking the President to resign, fights broke out between Piłsudski's supporters and the president's supporters.
Finally, Piłsudski won the fights and was the leader of Poland again. His friend, Ignacy Mościcki was elected president by the Polish parliament.
Piłsudski's government was called "Sanacja" which means "healing", because they wanted to heal Poland of its problems and bad situation.
Under Piłsudski life became better in Poland and after some years, Poland was a strong country in Europe again.
Forbidden fruit
The words forbidden fruit stand as a metaphor (an image). The metaphor comes from the book of Genesis in the Bible. There Adam and Eve are thrown out of Paradise because they eat from the tree of knowledge.
The fruit has commonly been represented as an apple due to wordplay of the Latin word for apple, malus, which can mean both "evil" and "apple". The Bible does not specify a fruit, but locates it as being at the very center of The Garden of Eden. In Judaism the fruit is believed to be either a grape, a fig, a citron or wheat. Most scholars say that the type of fruit is not forbidden, it was just the fruits of that particular tree that were.
In general, the term can also refer to something illegal or immoral to do. It might also be dangerous. Many times this is about sex outside of marriage.
Spoonbill
Spoonbills are a group of large, long-legged wading birds in the family Threskiornithidae, which also includes the Ibises.
All have large, flat, spatulate bills and feed by wading through shallow water, sweeping the partly-opened bill from side to side. The moment any small aquatic creature touches the inside of the bill—an insect, crustacean, or tiny fish—it is snapped shut. Spoonbills generally prefer fresh water to salt but are found in both environments. They need to feed many hours each day.
Spoonbills are monogamous, but, so far as is known, only for one season at a time. Most species nest in trees or reed-beds, often with ibises or herons.
Love Hina
Love Hina is a Japanese manga. It was created by Ken Akamatsu. It tells the story Keitarô Urashima. Urashima is a Japanese student who tried to enter the famous university of Tokyo (Todai or Tokyô Daigaku). Love Hina exists also as an animated series.
Story
Keitarô Urashima is a 19-year-old boy who tries to study at the well known university of Todai. He tried three times and failed. He finally decides to go to the hotel of his aunt, the Hinata Hotel. When he got to the hotel, he found that it has been changed into a girls' hotel. The first time he met the people living in the hotel, they were not very happy to see him. Slowly, they began to accept him, even if he is clumsy and a pervert.
Changmin
Shim Changmin (born 18 February 1988) is a Korean singer, songwriter, model and actor. He was the youngest member of the boy band TVXQ. He started with TVXQ in 2003.
Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency
The Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency is the head of the United States federal government's Environmental Protection Agency. It is responsible for enforcing the nation's Clean Air and Clean Water Acts, as well as many other environmental statutes.
How are they nominated?
The Administrator is nominated by the President of the United States and must be confirmed by a vote of the Senate. The office of Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency was created in 1970 in legislation that created the Environmental Protection Agency.
Social Liberal Party (Brazil)
The Social Liberal Party (Partido Social Liberal; often abbreviated as PSL) is a right-wing conservative party in Brazil. Until 2018, the main ideology followed by the party was social-liberalism, however, with the membership of the controversial congressman Jair Bolsonaro, the party shifted its political positions to more right-wing and conservative-oriented ones, namely economic liberalism, liberalism, monarchism and anti-communism.
Lasseter Highway
The Lasseter Highway is a highway in the Northern Territory of Australia. It is a sealed road that runs for 244 km. It connects Yulara, Kata Tjuṯa and Uluṟu to the Stuart Highway. It is the major access route for tourists heading to Uluṟu-Kata Tjuṯa National Park. The highway is named after the prospector Harold Bell Lasseter, who claimed to have discovered a rich gold deposit (Lasseter's Reef) west of Kata Tjuṯa.
The highway begins in Erldunda, a roadhouse and hotel, on the Stuart Highway (N87). The Stuart Highway connects Darwin in the north and Adelaide in the south and is therefore one of Australia's major highways. From Erldunda, the Lasseter Highway leads west along the southern side of the Basedow and Kernot Ranges. After about 110 km, next to the Kernot Range, there is the junction with the Luritja Highway (S3), which leads north to Kings Canyon. Another 25 km towards the southwest is a rest area that has a view of Mount Conner. A further 22 km away is the Curtin Springs, a cattle station with a roadhouse. A further 100 km west along the highway is the tourist town Yulara. After Yulara, the road meets the Great Central Road, a dirt road that leads into Western Australia through the Petermann Ranges and across the Gibson and Great Victoria Deserts.
Social Liberal Party (Brazil)
The party was founded on October 30, 1994. Its current president is Luciano Bivar.
In the 2018 Presidential elections in Brazil, the party won through Jair Bolsonaro, defeating far-left rival Fernando Haddad, a member of the Workers' Party, thus making Bolsonaro the President-elected of Brazil. He received more support from Evangelical Christians, the middle-class, farmers, as well as from people in South Brazil.
Lasseter Highway
There are petrol stations at Erldunda (at the start of the highway), Mount Ebenezer (km 57) and Curtin Springs (km 245).
Pterygotus
Pterygotus anglicus is an extinct Eurypterid, related to arachnids (the spider family) and commonly called "sea scorpions." It lived in the Silurian and Devonian periods.
Fossils have been found in North America, South America, Europe and Australia. It is related to the larger Jaekelopterus. It is similar to the freshwater Slimonia.
Pterygotus could reach a body length of 1.6 m. It had a pair of large compound eyes. It also had another pair of smaller eyes in the center of its head. It had 4 pairs of walking legs. A fifth pair of legs were swimming paddles. It also had a pair of large pincers.
Berryville, Arkansas
Berryville is a city in the US state of Arkansas.
Agni Prasad Sapkota
Agni Prasad Sapkota (Nepali: अग्नि प्रसाद सापकोटा; born 7 March 1958) is a Nepalese politician. He is the current speaker of the House of Representatives.
Peggy Shannon
Winona Sammon, more well known as Peggy Shannon (January 10, 1907 – May 11, 1941) was an American actress. She acted on stage and in movie roles during the 1920s and 1930s. She had many movies during her short career. She was born in Pine Bluff, Arkansas. In May 1941, Shannon died in Los Angeles after a heart attack
Josh Duggar
Joshua James Duggar (born March 3, 1988) is an American former reality television personality and a political activist. He is the oldest of the Duggar family; his parents are Michelle and Jim Bob Duggar.
Josh Duggar was the executive director for the FRC Action, a political action committee (PAC), sponsored by the Family Research Council from June 2013 to May 2015.
Duggar was in the television series 19 Kids and Counting.
Duggar was born in Tontitown, Arkansas.
On April 29, 2021, Duggar was arrested by U.S. Marshals on child pornography charges. He was found guilty of the charges on December 9, 2021.
Killie pie
A Killie pie or Kilmarnock pie is a type of pie which was made famous as it is sold at Rugby Park, the home ground of association football team Kilmarnock F.C.. It can also be found in shops and chip shops. It is a steak pie.
History
It won the award for best pie in football two years running in 1998 and 1999, and attracted quite a reputation amongst away fans for its quality.
It is made by Brownings, The Bakers of Kilmarnock.
Pokémon Rumble
Pokémon Rumble is a Pokémon video game for the Wii. It was released for the Wii's WiiWare service. It is a spin-off game in the Pokémon series. It was released in Japan on June 16, 2009, in North America on November 16, 2009, and in Europe on November 20, 2009.
Gameplay
The player controls Pokémon, battling other Pokémon in a series of dungeons and closed arenas. The player starts off with a low-level Pokémon that has only one attack. As the player battles other Pokémon, the player can collect coins which can be used to buy new attacks and get new Pokémon. When the player gets a Pokémon of a high enough level, the Battle Royale room opens, where the player battles many Pokémon at a time in a closed arena. The player has to beat all of the Pokémon to get a higher rank. As the player gets higher ranks, they can battle stronger Pokémon, including Legendary Pokémon.
Bigelow, Arkansas
Bigelow is a city in the US state of Arkansas.
Pokémon Rumble
Gameplay
The player controls the game by holding the Wii Remote sideways. Up to four players can play the game at once. There is a password system which allows the player to get certain Pokémon.
Sequels
Two sequels to the game have been released: Pokémon Rumble Blast, which was released for the Nintendo 3DS on August 11, 2011, and Pokémon Rumble U, which was released for the Wii U in 2013.
Black hole
Good
Zoltán Jeney
Zoltán Jeney (March 4, 1943 – October 28, 2019) was a Hungarian composer. Jeney was a professor at the Liszt Ferenc Academy of Music in Budapest, where he was Head of the Department of Composition. Several of his compositions were released on the Hungaroton label.
Black hole
Because black holes are very hard to see, people find them by the way they affect other things near them. The place where there is a black hole can be found by tracking the movement of stars that orbit somewhere in space. Or people can find it when gas falls into a black hole, because the gas heats up and is very bright. This can be found by telescopes on Earth or by Earth-orbiting telescopes such as Chandra or XMM Newton. Inside a black hole the rules of physics are very different.
Astronomers have found evidence of supermassive black holes at the center of almost all galaxies. In 2008 astronomers found evidence that a supermassive black hole of more than four million solar masses is near the Sagittarius A* part of the Milky Way galaxy.
History
In 1783, an English clergyman named John Michell wrote that it might be possible for something to be so heavy you would have to go at the speed of light to get away from its gravity. Gravity gets stronger as something gets more massive. For a small thing, like a rocket, to escape from a larger thing, like Earth, it has to escape the pull of the Earth's gravity or it will fall back. The speed that it must travel to get away is called escape velocity. Bigger planets (like Jupiter) and stars have more mass, and have stronger gravity than Earth. Therefore, the escape velocity would need to be much faster. John Michell thought it was possible for something to be so big that the escape velocity would need to be faster than the speed of light, so even light could not escape. In 1796, Pierre-Simon Laplace wrote about the same idea in the first and second editions of his book Exposition du système du Monde (it was removed from later editions).
Some scientists thought Michell might be right, but others thought that light had no mass and would not be pulled by gravity. His theory was forgotten.
In 1916 Albert Einstein wrote an explanation of gravity called general relativity.
A few months later, while serving in World War I, the German physicist Karl Schwarzschild used Einstein's equations to show that a black hole could exist. The Schwarzschild radius is the size of the event horizon of a non-rotating black hole. This radius was the measurement where the escape velocity was equal to the speed of light. If the radius of a star is smaller, then light is unable to escape, and it would be a dark star, or black hole.
In 1930, Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar predicted that stars heavier than the sun could collapse when they ran out of hydrogen or other nuclear fuels to burn. In 1939, Robert Oppenheimer and H. Snyder calculated that a star would have to be at least three times as massive as the Sun to form a black hole. In 1967, John Wheeler invented the name "black hole" for the first time. Before that, they were called "dark stars".