cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Aluminium
Properties
Aluminium prevents corrosion by forming a small, thin layer of aluminium oxide on its surface. This layer protects the metal by preventing oxygen from reaching it. Corrosion can not occur without oxygen. Because of this thin layer, the reactivity of aluminium is not seen. As a powder it burns hot. Uses include fireworks display s and rocket fuel.
Koya Kitagawa
Statistics
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Aluminium
Occurrence and preparation
Pure aluminium is made from bauxite, a kind of rock that has aluminium oxide and many impurities. The bauxite is crushed and reacted with sodium hydroxide. The aluminium oxide dissolves. Then the aluminium oxide is dissolved in liquid cryolite, a rare mineral. Cryolite is normally produced artificially though. The aluminium oxide is electrolyzed to make aluminium and oxygen. The largest producer of aluminium is China. China produces about 31,873 thousand tonnes of aluminium.
Stripe-backed weasel
The stripe-backed weasel (Mustela strigidorsa) is a species of weasel. It is also called the back-striped weasel. It is native to Southeastern Asia. It is a least concern species.
Aluminium
Occurrence and preparation
Aluminium was once considered a precious metal that was even more valuable than gold. This is no longer true because, as technology improved, it became cheaper and easier to make pure metal.
Globin
The globins are a superfamily of heme-containing globular proteins. They bind and transport oxygen.
Two prominent members include myoglobin and hemoglobin. Both of them reversibly bind oxygen in a heme prosthetic group. They are in many organisms.
Aluminium
On Earth
Overall, the Earth is about 1.59% aluminium by mass. In the Earth's crust, aluminium is the most abundant metallic element by mass (8.23%). It is also the third most abundant of all elements in the Earth's crust. A lot of silicates in the Earth's crust contain aluminium. But, the Earth's mantle is only 2.38% aluminium by mass. Aluminium also occurs in seawater at a concentration of 2 μg/kg.
Feldspars, the most common group of minerals in the Earth's crust, are aluminosilicates. Aluminium also occurs in the minerals beryl, cryolite, garnet, spinel, and turquoise. Native aluminium has been reported in cold seeps in the northeastern continental slope of the South China Sea.
Compounds
Aluminium forms chemical compounds in the +3 oxidation state. They are generally unreactive. Aluminium chloride and aluminium oxide examples. Very rarely are compounds in the +1 or +2 oxidation state.
Ángel Maria Herrera
Ángel Maria Herrera (born December 3, 1859 - May 2, 1948), was an Panamanian educator. Received her teaching degree in 1884 at the École Normale de Institutores and that same year was appointed Académico de the Boys' School of Saints, and a year later was reappointed Chief Academic School for Boys of St. Anne in Panama. He was the son of Don Braulio Herrera and Doña Luisa Tuñón. Herrera was named Preceptor in Penonome. A year later it was 1897 he was Director of the School of the College of the Isthmus. For several years he was inspector of public instruction in the province of Colon and Cocle province. In the District of Penonomé school there with your name. A few years ago the school suffered a serious fire in which spent $ 40,000 in losses..
Aluminium
Uses
Many things are made of aluminium. Much of it is used in overhead power lines. It is also widely used in window frames and aircraft bodies. It is found at home as kitchenware, soft drink cans, and cooking foil. Aluminium is also used to coat car headlamps and compact discs. It is used in electrical transmission lines because of its light weight. It can be deposited on the surface of glass to make mirrors, where a thin layer of aluminum oxide quickly forms that acts as a protective coating. Aluminum oxide is also used to make synthetic rubies and sapphires for lasers. Aluminum can now be produced from clay, but the process is not economically feasible at today.
Pure aluminium is very soft, so a harder metal is almost always added. The harder metal is usually copper. Copper/aluminium alloys are to make ships, because the aluminium prevents corrosion, and the copper prevents barnacles.
Aluminium compounds are used in deodorants, water processing plants, food additives, and antacids. Lithium aluminium hydride is a really strong reducing agent used in organic chemistry.
Aluminium sulfate is used in water treatment. It is also used as a mordant in dyeing, in pickling seeds, deodorizing of mineral oils, in leather tanning, and in production of other aluminium compounds.
Anhydrous aluminium chloride is used as a catalyst in chemical and petrochemical industries, the dyeing industry, and in synthesis of many inorganic and organic compounds.
Aluminium hydroxychlorides are used in purifying water, in the paper industry, and as ￼￼antiperspirants￼. Sodium aluminate is used in treating water and as an accelerator for drying of cement.
Aluminium acetate in solution is used as an astringent.
Aluminium phosphate is used to make glass, ceramic, pulp and paper products, cosmetics, paints, varnishes. Aluminium hydroxide is used as an antacid, and mordant. It is used also in water purification, the manufacture of glass and ceramics, and in the waterproofing of fabrics.
Aluminium is used in automobiles, trucks, railway cars, marine vessels, bicycles, spacecraft. Aluminium is used in making doors, siding, building wire, sheathing, roofing and other building materials.
Recycling
Since aluminium needs to be made by electrolysis, it requires a very large amount of electrical power. Recycling aluminium would be much cheaper. That's why recycling plants were opened. The cost of recycling aluminium is much less than the cost of making it from bauxite.
Recycling involves melting the scrap. This is a process that only needs 5% of the energy used to produce aluminium from ore. But, 15% of the input material part is lost as dross (ash-like oxide). An aluminium stack melter makes a lot less dross, about 1%.
White dross from primary aluminium production and from secondary recycling processes still contains useful amounts of aluminium that can be extracted industrially. The process produces aluminium billets, together with a very complex waste. This waste is difficult to manage. It reacts with water, releasing a mixture of gases (including, hydrogen, acetylene, and ammonia), which ignites on contact with air. Even with these difficulties, the waste is used as a filler in asphalt and concrete.
Toxicity
A small percentage of people have contact allergies to aluminium and experience itchy red rashes, headache, muscle pain, joint pain, poor memory, insomnia, depression, asthma, irritable bowel syndrome, or other symptoms when touching products containing aluminium.
Exposure to powdered aluminium or aluminium welding fumes can cause pulmonary fibrosis. Fine aluminium powder can also explode.
Ways of exposure
Food is the main source of aluminium. Drinking water has more aluminium than solid foods. Aluminium in food may be absorbed more than aluminium from water. Major sources of human exposure by mouth to aluminium include food (because of its use in food additives, food and beverage packaging, and cooking utensils), drinking water (because of its use in water treatment), and medicines that have aluminium in it. Very high exposure of aluminium are mostly limited to miners, aluminium production workers, and dialysis patients.
Taking of antacids, antiperspirants, vaccines, and cosmetics give possible ways of exposure. Eating acidic foods or liquids with aluminium increases aluminium absorption. Maltol has been shown to increase the build up of aluminium in nerve and bone tissues.
Treatment
In case of suspected sudden consumption of a large amount of aluminium, the only treatment is deferoxamine mesylate. It may be given to help remove aluminium from the body by chelation. But, this should be applied with caution as it not only reduce aluminium in the body, but can also reduce those of other metals such as copper or iron.
Environmental effects
High levels of aluminium occur near mining sites. Small amounts of aluminium are released to the environment at the coal-fired power plants or incinerators. Aluminium in the air is washed out by the rain or normally settles down. But, small particles of aluminium remain in the air for a long time.
Acid rain is the main natural factor to move aluminium from natural sources. It is also the main reason for the effects of aluminium on the environment. The main factor for the presence of aluminium in salt and freshwater are the industrial processes that also release aluminium into air.
In water, aluminium acts as a toxiс agent on animals that with gills like fish by causing loss of plasma- and hemolymph ions leading to osmoregulatory failure.
Aluminium is one of the primary factors that reduce the growth of plants on acidic soils. In acid soils the concentration of toxic Al3+ cations increases and disturbs the growth and function of the root. It is generally harmless to plant growth in pH-neutral soils. Wheat has developed a tolerance to aluminium. It releases organic compounds that bind to harmful aluminium cations. Sorghum is thought to have the same method of tolerating aluminium.
Aluminium production has its own problems to the environment on each step of the production process. The major problem is the greenhouse gas. These gases are caused by the electrical consumption of the smelters and the byproducts of processing. The strongest of these gases are perfluorocarbons from the smelting process.
A Spanish scientific report from 2001 claimed that the fungus Geotrichum candidum eats the aluminium in compact discs. The better studied bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the fungus Cladosporium resinae are commonly found in aircraft fuel tanks that use kerosene-based fuels, and laboratory cultures can decompose aluminium. However, these types of bacteria do not eat the aluminium; but rather, the metal is corroded by microbe waste products.
Grindelwald
Grindelwald is a municipality in the administrative district of Interlaken-Oberhasli in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. It is at the base of the railway to the Jungfraujoch.
Terrence Mann
Terrence Vaughan Mann (born July 1, 1951) is an American actor, theatre director, and singer. He is known for his appearances on the Broadway stage, which include Chester Lyman in Barnum, Rum Tum Tugger in Cats, Javert in Les Miserables, Beast in Beauty and the Beast, Chauvelin in The Scarlet Pimpernel, Charles in Pippin, Mal Beineke in The Addams Family, and The Man in the Yellow Suit in Tuck Everlasting.
He has received three Tony Award nominations, an Emmy Award nomination, and an Outer Critics Circle Award for Outstanding Actor in a Musical. He is a distinguished professor of musical theatre at Western Carolina University, and is an artistic director of the Carolina Arts Festival and the North Carolina Theatre. His film credits include Critters, A Chorus Line, Big Top Pee-wee and Solarbabies. He stars as the villain Whispers in the Netflix series Sense8.
Daily Mirror
20th century
It was not an immediate success. In 1904, he decided to turn it into a pictore newspaper, changing the masthead to The Daily Illustrated Mirror and made Hamilton Fyfe editor who then fired all the women journalists. This name ran from 26 January to 27 April 1904 (issues 72 to 150), then reverted to The Daily Mirror. The first issue did not have advertisements on the front page as previously, but instead news text and engraved pictures (of a traitor and an actress), with the promise of photographs inside. Two days later, the price was dropped to one halfpenny and to the masthead was added: "A paper for men and women". This combination was more successful: by issue 92, the guaranteed circulation was 120,000 copies and by issue 269, it had grown to 200,000:
Harmsworth sold the newspaper to his brother Harold Harmsworth (from 1914 Lord Rothermere) in 1913. In 1917, the price was increased to one penny. Circulation continued to grow: in 1919, some issues sold more than 1 million copies a day, making it the largest daily picture paper.
By the mid 1930s, the Mirror was struggling – it and the Mail were the main casualties of the early 1930s circulation war that saw the Daily Herald and the Daily Express establish circulations of more than two million, and Rothermere decided to sell his shares in it.
The Mirror's mass working-class readership had made it the United Kingdom's best-selling daily tabloid newspaper. In 1960, it bought the Daily Herald (the popular daily of the labour movement) when it bought Odhams, in one of a series of takeovers which created the International Publishing Corporation (IPC). The Mirror management did not want the Herald competing with the Mirror for readers, and in 1964, relaunched it as a mid-market paper, now named the Sun. When it failed to win readers, the Sun was sold to Rupert Murdoch — who immediately relaunched it as a more populist and sensationalist tabloid as a direct competitor to the Mirror. In 1978, The Sun overtook the Mirror in circulation, and in 1984 the Mirror was sold to Robert Maxwell.
The Daily and Sunday Mirror are now printed at Watford and Oldham by Trinity Mirror.
21st century
In 2002, the Mirror changed its masthead logo from red to black, because the term "red top" is a name for a sensationalist mass-market tabloid. Sometimes it was blue. On 6 April 2005, the red top came back.
Under then-editor Piers Morgan, it opposed the 2003 invasion of Iraq, and ran many front pages critical of the war. It also gave financial support to the 15 February 2003 anti-war protest, paying for a large screen and providing thousands of placards.
The Mirror's front page on 4 November 2004, after the re-election of George W. Bush as U.S. President, read "How can 59,054,087 people be so DUMB?". It gave a list of states and their average IQ, showing the Bush states all below average intelligence (except for Virginia), and all Kerry states at or above average intelligence. The source for this table was The Economist, though it was a hoax. Richard Wallace became editor in 2004.
Editors
Source: Tabloid Nation p. 248.
Peter Waldo
Peter Waldo, Valdo, or Waldes (c. 1140 – c. 1218), also Pierre Vaudès or de Vaux, is believed by many to have started the Waldensians. This was a Christian spiritual movement of the Middle Ages. People are still alive in southern Europe who come from this movement. Because not much was written down about Waldo while he was alive, people do not agree how important he was to the Waldensians, because it may have been around before his leadership. Also, the French historian Thuanus thought Waldo died in the year 1179.
Life and work
Not many details are known about the life of Waldo. Some sources say that he was a rich man who sold clothes, and that he was a merchant from Lyon. Also, sources say that he had some education. Sometime not long before the year 1160 he was inspired by some events. One of these was hearing a sermon on the life of St. Alexius. Another was when saying that one did not believe in transubstantiation (which is the belief that, during Communion, the bread and wine turn into the body and blood of Jesus Christ) became a crime for which one could be punished by death. A third event was the sudden death of a friend during an evening meal. After this, he began living a radical Christian life. He gave his property to his wife. He gave the rest of his things to the poor.
At about this time, Waldo began to preach and teach publicly about his ideas of living simple lives and about poverty. He taught that "No man can serve two masters, God and money", (see Gospel of Matthew 6:24) and strongly criticized things done by the Pope and things taught by the Roman Catholic Church. Some of the things taught by the Catholic Church that he criticized were purgatory and transubstantiation. He said that the Roman Catholic Church was the prostitute from the book of Revelation. By 1170, many people were following him. These people were called the Poor of Lyon, the Poor of Lombardy, or the Poor of God who would spread their teaching abroad while dressed up as peddlers. Often called the Waldensians (or Waldenses), they were different from the Albigensians or Cathari.
The Waldensian movement had lay preaching (people who were not preachers or priests for a living preached), people who were poor by choice, and strictly obeying the Bible. Between 1175-1185, Waldo either had a cleric from Lyons translate the New Testament of the Bible into the language that most people spoke, the Arpitan (Franco-Provençal) language, or translate it himself.
In 1179, Waldo and one of his followers went to Rome, where they were welcomed by Pope Alexander III, and the Roman Curia. They had to explain what they believed in front of a panel of three clergymen, including issues which were then debated within the Church. These included the idea that all people were priests, teaching the gospel in the language most people spoke, and people living poor, simple lives on purpose. The results of the meeting were inconclusive, and Waldo's ideas, but not the movement itself, were condemned at the Third Lateran Council in the same year, although the leaders of the movement had not been yet excommunicated (kicked out of the Church).
Sent away from Lyon, Waldo and his followers moved to the high valleys of Piedmont, and in France, in the Luberon. Finally, Waldo was excommunicated by Pope Lucius III during the synod held at Verona in 1184, and the doctrine of the Poor of Lyon was again condemned by the Fourth Lateran Council in 1215 where they are mentioned by name for the first time, and called heresy. The Roman Catholic Church began to persecute the Waldensians, and many were tried and sentenced to death in different European countries during the 12th, 13th, and 14th centuries. The Waldensians survived by moving the Alps and hiding there. Centuries after his death, the Waldensian denomination joined the Genevan or Reformed branch of the Protestant Reformation.
Lakeside MRT station
Lakeside MRT station (EW26) is a Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) station on the East West Line. It is an elevated station. It is located in Jurong West, Singapore. This station is built on the northwestern side of the Jurong Lake. Therefore, it is called Lakeside.
Lakeside station provides MRT access to residents living in Taman Jurong and Hong Kah. It is currently one of the three stations that serve Jurong West New Town. The other two are Boon Lay MRT station and Pioneer MRT station.
Design
The station was designed with a curved Chinese roof. This is similar to those at the nearby Chinese Garden.
Hitler Youth
The Hitler Youth was an organization in Nazi Germany for children from ages 10 to 18. The boys split off from the Hitler Youth when they were 14 to join The League of German Men. All German children between these ages whom Adolf Hitler considered to be "pure-blooded" Germans, were required to join, and parents who stopped their children from joining could be sent to prison for a long time. In order to get rid of any distractions or other groups that might keep children from being involved with the Hitler Youth, Hitler banned all other youth groups or clubs. The Hitler Youth also prepared girls for the army and taught them how to use weapons.
The purpose of the Hitler Youth was to train children to accept values such as duty to the Nazi Party and to Hitler, and to teach them to be prepared even to give their lives for their country. Many children died because of the Hitler Youth, because they became soldiers, which was one of its main purposes.
Lakeside MRT station
History
The station was opened on 5 November 1988. It is the western terminal for the East West Line till 1990s.
It is equipped with platform screen doors as the rest of the above ground East West Line stations. Initially the station didn't have the doors. Several successful tests at Jurong East, Yishun and Pasir Ris of the design and operation of the doors.The door installation started on 9 June 2010. The doors started operations on 31 August 2020 along with Bukit Batok.
High-volume low-speed fans were installed and started operation on 30 November 2012. Sound barriers were installed from Lakeside MRT station to Corporation Road to minimise noise generated from their residents.
Holocene calendar
The Holocene calendar, or Human era (HE), is a year numbering system that adds 10,000 years to the present Anno Domini (AD) or Common Era (CE) system. It puts the first year near the beginning of the Holocene epoch and the Neolithic revolution. Those who favour the HE system say that it makes for easier geological, archeological, dendrochronological and historical dating.
Chiquita Brooks-LaSure
Chiquita Brooks-LaSure is an American healthcare policy official and politician. In May 2021, she became the Administrator of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.
Career
She began her career as an examiner and lead Medicaid analyst in the Office of Management and Budget. She also worked as a staffer for Democratic members of the United States House Committee on Ways and Means before joining the Center for Consumer Information and Insurance Oversight. She worked as managing for policy related to the Affordable Care Act.
Holocene calendar
For example, the year 2022 can be made into a Holocene year by adding the number "1" before it, making it 12022. The calendar was introduced by the scientist Cesare Emiliani in 1993 (11993 ).
Arguments supporting the Holocene calendar include:
Chiquita Brooks-LaSure
Medicare and Medicaid Administrator
In February 2021, President Joe Biden nominated Brooks-LaSure to serve as Administrator for the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services under his administration. On May 25, 2021, her nomination was confirmed, by the Senate in a vote of 55–44.
Holocene calendar
The HE starts at 10001. This is a rough approximation of the start of the current geologic epoch, the Holocene or Recent period. Human settlement s, first cities and agriculture probably started in this period. All important dates in human history can then be listed using a simple increasing date scale with smaller dates always before larger dates.
Conversion
Conversion to the Human Era from Julian or Gregorian AD years can be achieved by adding 10,000. BC years are converted by subtracting the BC year from 10,001.
A useful check is that the last single number of BC and HE equivalent pairs must add up to 1 or 11.
Matenadaran
Mesrop Mashtots' Matenadaran Institute of Ancient Manuscripts in Yerevan, Armenia, is one of the richest depositories of manuscripts and books in the world.
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
The Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR) (الجمهورية العربية الصحراوية الديمقراطية, República Árabe Saharaui Democrática) is a self-declared state with a government in exile claiming Western Sahara recognized by around 80 countries. The SADR is controlled by the Polisario Front consisting mostly our of Sahrawis. Its president is Brahim Ghali and its prime minister is Abdelkader Taleb Oumar. Its capital is Aauin. The Polisario declared sovereignty on Western Sahara in 1976. The Polisario currently claims to controls about 20% of the territory it claims. Poliario calls the territories under its control "Liberated Territories" or as part of the Free Zone. Morocco controls and administers the rest of the disputed territory and calls these lands its Southern Provinces. The SADR government considers the Moroccan-held territory occupied territory, while Morocco considers the much smaller SADR held territory to be a buffer zone. The "free zone" is also referred to as 'west of the Verge and the southern Provinces are referred to as 'east of the Verge' by the UN.
History
The Western Sahara used to be a Spanish colony that lasted from 1884 to 1976. In the early seventies, Spain made its intentions to withdraw from the region clear. The countries Morocco, Mauritania as well as the liberation front Polisario want to succeed the Spanish authority. Spain planned on holding a vote in 1975 so the population of the territory can self determine who will gain authority. Morocco opposed this idea and requested the UN to inform about the legal status of the area. The international court of Justice declares its statement in 1975 favouring the idea of self-determination. As a response to this statement, King Hassan II of Morocco launches "The Green March" in which hundreds of thousands of Moroccan civilians march into Western Sahara to address its claim to the territory. Spain is able to stop the march, but under the pressure of Morocco and due to fear of getting engaged in a foreign conflict while having domestic problems decides to hand over the area to Moroccan and Mauritania. It agrees on a partition of the territory with Morocco gaining the northern two-thirds of the country and Mauritania the southern third.
Morocco bases its claims on the territory on historical motives and sees Western Sahara as part of the Moroccan nation. However, the presence of phosphor and fishing grounds in Western Sahara may have also been a motive.
The Polisario Front (Popular Front for the Liberation of Saguia el-Hamra and Río de Oro, Spanish; Frente Popular para la Liberación de Saguia el-Hamra y Río de Oro) came to existence in the early seventies as a guerilla movement opposing the Spanish colonial control. The Front consists mostly of Sahrawi - the indigenous nomadic people of Western Sahara. The political-militarian movement had its base in Mauritania until the partition of Western Sahara under Morocco and Mauritania. Polisario's military opposed the overtake of Morocco and Mauritania of Western Sahara. After the partition Polisario moved towards Algeria where it established its headquarters in Tindouf. It kept on opposing Morocco and Mauritania with the military aid of Algeria. In 1976 they exclaimed independence of the SADR and the government in exile. Algeria's support of Polisario and the SADR is a way to oppose Morocco, with which there are competing for regional power since both countries gained independence. Their support of Polisario could give them access to the Atlantic Ocean in the case Polisario would gain control over the Western Sahara.
In 1976 Mauritania signs a peace treaty with Polisario and retreated from Western Sahara in 1979. Morocco then annexes those parts. In 1981 it starts the construction of a berm that separates the parts controlled by Polisario, the so-called 'free zones' by Polisario, from the part controlled by Morocco.
In 1991 the UN called for a cease-fire and proposed that a referendum should be held with the creation of the United Nations Mission for the Organization of a Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO). The population should decide whether they wanted independence or integration in Morocco. The referendum kept on being postponed and when Muhammad VI replaced King Hassan II in 1999, Morocco did not agree anymore to holding the referendum. The UN then proposed what is known as the 'Baker plan' in which autonomy would be granted with Morocco still controlling foreign relations, national security, and defence for five years after which a referendum would be held for independence, autonomy or incorporation in Morocco. Algeria and Polisario accepted the plan but Morocco rejected it and state that it only saw autonomy as an option and that independence was no possibility. So far, no agreements have been reached.
The SADR was incorporated into the African Union in 1984 and gained recognition in many African states. Morocco left the Union but rejoined in 2017
Politics
The Sahrawi parliament or Sahrawi National Council is the legislative body of the SADR. It is unicameral and consists of 53 members and has Khatri Addouh as president. It was created in 1976 by the Polisario Front and they are the only party to be elected. Every three years new members are elected at elections are held either in the 'free zones' or in the refugee camps in Algeria where most of the Sahrawi population resides. Delegates in the refugee camps, representatives of Polisario and several civil organizations chose the candidates for the parliament.
The first two constitutions were promulgated in 1976 with the proclamation of the republic. When SADR joined the African Union in 1982 it was required to organize itself better politically. There were constitutional reforms and in 1991 a new constitution was promulgated. The constitution is very similar to that of Algeria, however with the peculiarity that the parliament is the main operating body instead of the president.
The Himalayan Times
The Himalayan Times is a daily broadsheet newspaper distributed and produced in English in Nepal. The editor-in-chief in temporary Rajan Pokhrel. It received the highest possible ranking of A+ in Press Council Nepal's annual newspaper categorization report, which is released.
History
The publication was established on November 23, 2001. Its headquarters are at Maharajgunj, Kathmandu. International Media Network Nepal (Pvt) Ltd, which is owned by Nepali investors, is the owner of it. Competitors of the daily tried to organize and push against foreign-owned newspapers entering the nation, but they were unsuccessful.
Michael Fassbender
Michael Fassbender (born 2 April 1977) is a German and Irish actor. He is best known for appearing in the movies Inglourious Basterds (2009), X-Men: First Class (2011), Prometheus (2012), 12 Years a Slave (2013), and X-Men: Days of Future Past (2014).
Fassbender was born in Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany (now Germany). His mother, Adele, is Irish and his father, Josef, is German. When he was two years old, his parents moved to Killarney, County Kerry, in the Republic of Ireland. He lives in London, England. He is fluent in both English and German.
Filmography
Films
300 (2007)
Solid Of Gold (2007)
Legends of Destruction (2008)
God Of War Part I (2009)
Paul Okada
Paul Okada (ポール岡田, Pōru Okada, August 13, 1947 {age 73}; Otsu, Shiga Prefecture - ) is a Japanese singer and vocalist. He was the last member to joined The Carnabeats, taking over Keikichi Usui's place in April 1969. His real name is Kazuhiko Nagaoka (長岡和彦, Nagaoka Kazuhiko) and his nickname is Paul (ポール, Pōru)
Michael Fassbender
Filmography
Rise and Fall (2010)
Paul Okada
Career
Former vocalist of Carnabeats' younger brother band "Candies". Participated in the band April 1969 after Keikichi Usui left the group. After the dissolution of band, Okada appeared in the musical "HAIR". After that, he performed solo activities, but retired at the end of the 1970s. Entered the advertising industry, Okada continued to be involved with the music industry as a advertising director and music producer, and was active as a commercial planner and producer.
At the end of 2009, Asuka Shinsha Publishing company published "HAIR 1969 Shining Moment", which describes his own experiences from the GS era to the cast of HAIR. In 2010, he resumed full-scale activities mainly at live houses in Tokyo. Okada would participate in the formation of "Tokyo Jajouka" in July 2011. He also appeared in "2012 New Year! Group Sounds GOLDEN CONCERT ~ This is GS! ~" Held on January 2, 2012. Currently, he participates in live performances by his ally Katsumi Kahashi (formerly The Tigers) as a support member, and is also active.
Michael Fassbender
Filmography
Birds (2010)
God Of War Part II (2010)
Demolished (2010)
Godzilla (2011)
X-Men First Class (2011)
Legacy (2012)
God Of War II - Killer Of The Thieves (2012)
The Lion Battle (2013)
Deathshot (2014)
The Last Airbender II (2014)
God Of War III - God Of The Seas (2014)
Macbeth (2015)
Social spider
A social spider is a species of spider which lives in a group. Most spiders are solitary, but a few species in tropical habitats live in large groups.
This social organisation has evolved independently a number of times. At least 23 species in eight families are known.
Louisiana–Monroe Warhawks
The Louisiana–Monroe Warhawks are the sports teams that play for the University of Louisiana at Monroe. There are 16 teams.
Jan Brewer
Janice Kay Brewer (Jan in short; born September 26, 1944) is an American politician. She served as the 22nd Governor of Arizona from 2009 to 2015. She is the fourth woman in Arizona to hold the position of Governor. Brewer is a Republican.
Brewer was born Janice Drinkwine in Hollywood, California. She attended Glendale Community College.
Atomicity
Modern database systems are governed by the ACID principle. In that context, several operations can be grouped into what is called a transaction. From the outside, there are two points in time: before the transaction, and after the transaction. If one operation of this transaction fails, the whole transaction will. In other words: Either all the operations are done, or none is. An example of an atomic transaction is a monetary transfer from bank account A to account B.
Norma Miller
Norma Miller (December 2, 1919 – May 5, 2019) was an American Lindy hop dancer known as the "Queen of Swing".
Career
From 1952 to 1968, Miller directed the Norma Miller Dancers and Norma Miller and Her Jazzmen, both of which included Frankie Manning's son Charles "Chazz" Young as well as her long-time partner Billy Ricker.
In 2003, Miller was honored with a National Heritage Fellowship from the National Endowment for the Arts for creating and continuing to preserve “the acrobatic style of swing dancing known as the Lindy Hop”.
Miller died at her home in Fort Myers, Florida from heart failure on May 5, 2019 at the age of 99.
Jack Brabham
Sir John Arthur "Jack" Brabham, AO, OBE (2 April 1926 – 19 May 2014) was an Australian racing driver who was Formula One champion in 1959, 1960 and 1966. He won the Australian Grand Prix in 1955, 1963 and 1964. He was a founder of the Brabham racing team and race car builder that carried his name.
In 2000 the Australian Government gave him the Australian Sports Medal, and in 2001 he was given the Australian Centenary Medal for services to motor sport.
Brabham died at his home on the Gold Coast, Queensland on 19 May 2014 from liver failure, aged 88.
Horizon City, Texas
Horizon City is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
Minik Wallace
Minik Wallace (also called Mene ; about 1890 – 29 October 1918) was an Inuit from Greenland. He was brought to New York City as a child in 1897, by the explorer Robert Peary. His father and four others were also brought. The six of them were studied by staff at the American Museum of Natural History, which was given custody of them. Most of them died soon after arriving.
Minik was a member of the Inughuit, the northernmost group of Inuit in Greenland. His father was named Qisuk. They met Peary when the explorer employed men from the Inughuit during several expeditions into the Arctic. Peary asked some of them to come with him to New York. Six of them agreed, including Qisuk and Minik. Peary did not tell them about the real purpose of the trip. Some agreed to travel to see new places; others did not want to be separated from relatives. Peary promised them that they would be able to return to Greenland. Soon after their arrival, the group became the objects of study. The museum staff had not made plans for their care, nor for their return.
Soon after arriving in New York, most of the Inuit contracted the disease tuberculosis. Three adults and one child died, including Minik's father. A fourth adult survived and was returned to Greenland. Minik was the only one left. William Wallace, the curator of the museum, adopted Minik. Minik pleaded for a proper Inuit burial for his father. The museum staff wanted to preserve Qisuk's body for study. They made a fake body and put it in a coffin. They staged a fake burial so that Minik would think he was burying his father.
The museum put the skeleton on display. In about 1906, a story was published in local newspapers that stated Qisuk's skeleton was displayed in the museum. Minik was told about it by his classmates at school. He then asked that his father's bones be given to him for traditional burial. Wallace supported Minik in this, but the museum denied that they had the body. Minik was never able to reclaim his father's bones.
Minik returned to Greenland in 1910, with the help of Peary. He came back to the United States in 1916. He lived and worked there until dying of influenza in the pandemic of 1918.
Kenn Harper wrote a book about Minik in 1986. The book was called Give Me My Father's Body. Harper spent several years trying to persuade the Museum of Natural History to return the remains of the four Inuit to Greenland. He succeeded in 1993. The bodies were buried in a funeral in Qaanaaq. Minik is buried in a cemetery in Pittsburg, New Hampshire.
Esa-Oke
Esa Oke is a town in the African country of Nigeria.
Thompson submachine gun
The Thompson submachine gun, also known as the Tommy gun, was an early submachine gun design. It was popular among soldiers, police, and civilians alike. It was invented by Brigadier General John T. Thompson at the end of World War I as a "trench-boom" weapon, or a weapon that could clear out trenches very quickly. The war ended before the submachine gun could be used in battle. In 1919, Brigadier General Thompson had the company he founded, Auto-Ordnance Company, modify the gun for civilian use. The gun was classified as a submachine gun, meaning a small, fully automatic, hand-held gun that fires pistol ammunition. It remains an iconic firearm that is very popular with collectors. It fires .45 ACP caliber bullets, an effective and accurate combat bullet against human targets.
History
In 1882, John T. Thompson entered the United States Army. During the Spanish–American War he made a reputation for himself making sure ammunition got to the front lines. This was at a time of almost complete chaos in the army supply system. He later played a part in developing two important American military weapons. These were the M1903 Springfield rifle and the M1911 pistol. In 1916 Auto-Ordnance was started with Thompson holding the majority of shares. Designed for use in World War I, the gun was first called "The Annihilator I" (Thompson nicknamed it a trench broom) could fire 20 rounds per second. The first cases of the new submachine gun arrived on the docks for shipment on November 11, 1918; the same day the war ended. Thompson and Auto-Ordnance began developing the gun for civilian markets. In 1921 the first model, called the M1921, was produced.
After World War I
In 1921, the Colt Patent Firearms Company made 15,000 Thompson submachine guns for Auto-Ordinance at a cost of $38.25 each. These were called the “Model 1921A”. This model weighed 10.25 lb and had an effective range (distance it was accurate) of 164 ft. General Thompson tried to sell his gun to European countries with little success. He tried selling it in the US but sales were slow. In 1926 he got orders from the United States Postal Service and the United States Marine Corps. The Marines used the guns during the Banana Wars. It worked well to counter ambushes by Nicaraguan guerrillas. The Irish Republican Army used them in 1921 during the last part of the Irish War of Independence. They were not impressed by the fact they could only kill about 32 percent of those they fired at. Others who bought his submachine gun included Law enforcement agencies and ranchers. Organized crime quickly found uses for the gun. Later, the United States Navy ordered 1,500.
World War II
The US military began using the weapon in 1938 and used it throughout World War II. There were two variants used. The model M1928A1 could use either stick or drum magazines, it had a muzzle brake (to counter the gun's tendency to rise when fired) and had Cooling fins (to counter the barrel of the gun getting too hot). The M1A1 model had no cooling fins, could only use the stick magazines and had a simplified sight. It was used by all the allies during the war. The main problem of the Thompson submachine gun was it was complex and expensive to manufacture. It was also heavy at about 14 lb loaded. It had to be kept very clean or it would misfire. But soldiers liked the weapon. It was a favorite of British and Australian soldiers. In the US military it was carried by squad leaders and officers. In the heavy jungles in the Pacific War, it sounded dangerously like the Japanese light machine guns causing some confusion on both sides. When the US developed the M3 submachine gun, also called the "grease gun", it was much lighter, cheaper to make and had a slower rate of fire. Most soldiers who had Thompsons were very slow to give them up in favor of the less well-liked grease gun.
It was used during the Korean War and later during the Vietnam War. The Thompson submachine gun was retired in 1971 after 33 years of service.
Other militaries
The Thompson was used in the Arab–Israeli conflict, the Cuban Revolution and in the Northern Ireland conflict (1969–1998. The gun continues to be produced today, with many countries around the world still using it.  Over 1,700,000 Thompson submachine guns have been made.
Alvin, Texas
Alvin is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
Yûsuke Natsu
Yûsuke Natsu (夏夕介, Natsu Yûsuke, October 30, 1950; Arao, Kumamoto - January 27, 2010, Tokyo, Japan {age 59} - ), also known as Yuki Taura (田浦 幸, Taura Yuki) (his former stage name), is a Japanese keyboardist and actor. His real name is Hisayuki Taura (田浦 久幸, Taura Hisayuki) and his nickname was Yuki (ユキ).
Music and acting careers
Natsu was in charge of the organ in the Osaka band "Grump Leeds". After graduating from high school in the spring of 1969, he moved to Tokyo after his professional debut with Akiko Wada, who was a vocalist for Grumpleys. Yuki Taura was added to the popular group sounds band "Ox" at the time, taking over Ai Akamatsu, who left the group in May of the same year after being bought by HoriPro, the agency of Wada.” In 1970, he changed his stage name to "Yusuke Natsu" while enrolled in "Ox" and made his debut as a solo singer with "Tears Burning". At the same time, he entered the acting business and made his first movie debut with "Stray Cat Rock: Wild Jumbo". In 1971, the Ox was disbanded at the end of May. While appearing in the TV dramas like "How About A Beautiful Woman?", Natsu became a trainee of the theater company NLT.
Appearing on films and TV shows
In 1972, he was selected to play the leading role of Junichiro Iwaki in the unique stage show-style hero program called "Assault! Human!!" (produced by Nippon TV), which was broadcast from October to December. In 1974, in "Love Love Rivals" (TBS series), while performing a comical performance, he turned aside and performed a comical performance, while in Ai to Makoto" (Tokyo 12 channel-current TV), a drama adaptation of the popular comic based on Ikki Kajiwara . As the leading role of Makoto Taiga, he played the opposite role of Kimiko Ikegami, who made her first acting debut, and became a popular actress. In 1976, he starred in the movie "Ai no Nagisa" (directed by Junzen Nemoto, produced by Toho) for the first time. In the same year, he played the role of a protagonist again in "Space Ironmen Kyodain" as Joji Hayama / Skyzel, along side with Takeshi Sasaki (who previously portrayed Hayato Ichimonji in Kamen Rider (Mainichi Broadcasting System-TBS series).
Latter career
After appearing in dramas such as "Red Bond" (TBS) and "People Call It Scandal" (TBS), Natsu has appeared in crime action television drama "Tokusou saizensen" (TV Asahi) as a detective Shunichi Kano since 1980. Regular appearance for 7 years until 1987. After that, he developed a Ramsay Hunt Syndrome. Although he disappeared from the front stage for a while due to symptoms such as facial nerve paralysis, Natsu overcame this and played an active role as an actor representative of "Gekidan Theater Japan". He died at a hospital in Tokyo on January 27, 2010 due to stomach cancer at the age of 59.
Blue Mosque, Yerevan
The Blue Mosque (Կապույտ մզկիթ; Persian: مسجد کبود Masdsched-e Kabud) is a mosque in Yerevan, Armenia. It was built in 1766 during the reign of Huseyn Ali.
DoorDash
DoorDash Inc. is an American on-demand prepared food delivery service. founded by Stanford students Tony Xu, Stanley Tang, Andy Fang and Evan Moore. It is one of several technology companies. It uses logistics services to offer food deliveries from restaurants on-demand. DoorDash launched in Palo Alto and, as of May 2019, had expanded to more than 4,000 cities and offers a selection of 340,000 stores across the United States, Canada and Australia.
It is expected to launch an IPO in 2020, the company is currently worth close to $16 billion and is the largest third-party delivery service in the U.S., surpassing Grubhub in 2019.
Happy Shopper
Happy Shopper is a British wholesaler. The brand was first owned by Nurdin and Peacock. Nurdin and Peacock is brought by Booker Group in November 1996.
The name was also widely used for a convenience store franchise between 1971 and 1998. As of 2013, very few stores still operate as Happy Shopper. Most Happy Shopper stores names were changed to Premier Stores brand during 2000s. Premier store is another brand by Booker Group.
Happy Shopper convenience products are sold to independent convenience stores, discount stores, as well as cash and carry companies. Products include groceries, frozen foods, carbonated drinks, prepackaged/dried foods and confectionery, and are an own brand by Premier.
Happy Shopper's first logo was a smiling face with golden hair. In 2000, that logo was changed to a new design by Partners In Communication, a design consultant company. The new logo caused some controversy.
Khoinam
Khoinam is a Meetei Manipuri surname or family name which has Indian origin. People of this family mainly inhabit in Manipur, India.
Planck time
Born put Heisenberg's equation into a matrix form. Born immediately noticed that to calculate using these matrices, one matrix had to be multiplied by another matrix. In matrix multiplication, multiplying matrix P by matrix X gives a different result from the one obtained by multiplying matrix X by matrix P. He further noticed that the difference between the two matrices involves h, the Planck proportionality constant. It shows that one can never pin down things like P (momentum) and X (location) exactly. As a result, we cannot pin down a time any better than we can pin down a place or a momentum. We get closer and closer and then we reach the "Planck time."