cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Westerwaldkreis
The Westerwaldkreis ("District of Westerwald") is a district (Kreis) in the north-east of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.
Emission spectrum
The emission spectrum of an element or compound is how bright certain frequencies are when energy is added to the atoms or molecules.
Haverskerque
Haverskerque is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 1,413 people lived there.
Neuville-sur-Escaut
Neuville-sur-Escaut is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 2,688 people lived there.
Irene Visser
Irene Visser (born 10 September 1979) is a Dutch speed skater.
Girlfriend (Avril Lavigne song)
"Girlfriend" is a song by Avril Lavigne. It was the lead single from her third album, The Best Damn Thing (2007). It was produced by Lukasz "Dr. Luke" Gottwald. "Girlfriend" became Lavigne's biggest hit in the United States, where it reached number one on the U.S. Hot 100, in Australia, where it was at the top of the chart, and in the United Kingdom, where it reached number two. A remix version featuring rapper Lil' Mama was released in June 2007.
Irene Visser
Visser finished fourth at the 1999 World Junior Speed Skating Championships. She won a bronze medal, at the 1999 KNSB Dutch Allround Championships.
Girlfriend (Avril Lavigne song)
"Girlfriend" was the subject of a lawsuit filed by songwriters for The Rubinoos, who alleged that the writers of the song copied The Rubinoos' single "I Wanna Be Your Boyfriend". Only one line, not even of the same tune was: "Hey, hey, you, you! I want to be your girlfriend!" Note it was "I want to" not "I wanna".
The music video became the second most viewed video of all time on YouTube, currently having over 100,000,000 views. In the 2007 MTV Video Music Awards, it is nominated for the category Monster Single of the Year.
Mann Act
The White-Slave Traffic Act, also called the Mann Act, is a United States federal law. It was passed June 25, 1910 (ch. 395, ; codified as amended at ). It is named after Congressman James Robert Mann of Illinois.
The act made it illegal to bring women or girls from one state into another for the purpose of "prostitution or debauchery, or for any other immoral purpose," which means for them to have sex for money. The law was there to stop human trafficking. Most human trafficking was people taking young women from place to place for prostitution. The Mann Act was one of a group of laws about moral reform, during an era that was known as Progressive Era.
It had a problem though: the language used was often ambiguous or unclear. It was even used to make agreed sex between adults a crime. This was because people thought of sex as immoral if the two people were not married. Congress changed it twice, in 1978, and 1986, so that it would only be used for prostitution or other illegal sexual acts.
Promotion
In the 19th century, in many American cities, people could only sell sex for money in some areas of the city. These were called red light districts. During that time, cities became more urbanized; also more women started to work. This meant that there would be more cases, where courtship could take place without supervision. In this environment, a concern of "white slavery" started: the fear was that women would be kidnapped and forced into prostitution. In 1847, Charles Sumner had described the Barbary slave trade. The ideas originally were from this description.
Communities started to set up vice commissions, to look how widespread local prostitution was. They also looked into questions, if the prostitutes were forced, and if cartel-type organizations ran local prostitution. These commissions also closed the brothels and the red light districts. The laws in the cities, which were liberal at first became more and more restrictive. Throughout the last few decades of the 19th century, there was more and more opposiition to an open prostution on the streets. The Federal Government responded to this with the Mann Act. The purpose of the act was to make it a crime to "transport [...], or aid to assist in obtaining transportation for" or to "persuade, induce, entice or coerce" a woman to travel. Many of the changes that occurred after 1900 were a result of tensions between social ideals and practical realities. Family form and functions changed in response to a complex set of circumstances that were the effects of economic class and ethnicity.
According to historian Mark Thomas Connelly, a group of books and pamphlets appeared announcing a startling claim: There was a conspiracy, which trapped white girls, seduced them, and forced them into prostitution, or 'white slavery'. These stories started around 1909. They often wrote about innocent girls "victimized by a huge, secret and powerful conspiracy controlled by foreigners", as they were drugged or imprisoned and forced into prostitution. This excerpt from The War on the White Slave Trade was written by the United States District Attorney in Chicago: "One thing should be made very clear to the girl who comes up to the city, and that is that the ordinary ice cream parlor is very likely to be a spider's web for her entanglement. This is perhaps especially true of those ice cream saloons and fruit stores kept by foreigners. Scores of cases are on record where young girls have taken their first step towards 'white slavery' in places of this character."
Suffrage activists, especially Harriet Burton Laidlaw and Rose Livingston, took up the concerns. They worked in New York City's Chinatown and in other cities to rescue young white and Chinese girls from forced prostitution, and helped pass the Mann Act to make interstate sex trafficking a federal crime. Livingston publicly discussed her past as a prostitute and made the claim that she was abducted and developed a drug problem as a sex slave in a Chinese man's home, narrowly escaped, and experienced a Christian conversion. Although her claim was unsupported by evidence, her story exemplified the stereotypes used to pass the Mann Act—fear of foreigners, especially Chinese men; abduction and drugging in order to be raped and enslaved; a narrow escape; and salvation through Christian conversion. Other groups like the Woman's Christian Temperance Union and Hull House focused on children of prostitutes and poverty in community life while trying to pass protective legislation. The American Purity Alliance also supported the Mann Act.
Siege of Fort Bismarck
Siege of Fort Bismarck (青島要塞爆撃命令, Chintao yôsai bakugeki meirei) is a 1963 Japanese war drama film directed by Kengo Furusawa, with special effects work by legendary SFX director Eiji Tsuburaya. The plot is about during World War I, Japanese planes assault a lone German enemy outpost.
The movie was shot in aspect ratio and cinemascope (TohoScope). Another film that was released this year is Zoku shachô gaiyûki (part of Shacho series), directed by Shūe Matsubayashi.
Overview
The film was set in World War One (1914-1918), which is rare for a Japanese movie. Based on the real Siege of Tsingtao. the story is about a group of young pilots of the Imperial Japanese Navy led a task team to destroyed the Germans communication posts, ammunition depots, and air-aircraft defenses, making way the Allied forces to captured the port city. These men were part of Japan's first naval aviator corp. In overseas countries like Europe and the United States, it was released under the title "Siege of Fort Bismarck."
In addition to the usual Japanese subtitles lined up in the corners of the screen, the lines of the German soldiers in the scenes are other works such as handwritten subtitles such as "The enemy is brave!" and "The bottom is brave!" The production is not seen in Germany.
For the filming, in addition to the elaborate miniature of the Farman MF.11 and Etrich Taube with a wingspan of 1 meter or more, a full-scale model for shooting the main story with a propeller rotating was produced. In both cases, the shooting was done in addition to the set, and on Mt. Fuji, it was filmed from a helicopter. The full-scale model of the Farman MF.11 seaplane was assembled by a craftsman specializing in gliders by borrowing the disassembled actual machine saved by the Japan Aeronautic Association and creating a restoration drawing. The seaplane carrier Wakamiya was also photographed using a cargo ship.
The scene on the ship was shot on the battleship "Mikasa" was preserved at Mikasa Park. The Fortress Bismarck set was a huge open set in Gotemba and was taken aerial shots from a helicopter. However, at the time of production, the position of the gunpowder was not from the helicopter, and the timing of shooting was about 4 out of 10 shots. The train model that appears at the climatic moment was custom-made in a steel miniature and was shot with an unmanned camera that was also partially used in Godzilla back in 1954. This miniature was exhibited at the 2012 event "Director Hideaki Anno Special Effects Museum Miniature Showa Heisei Techniques".
Plot
In 1914, The Great War began which was originated in the Balkan Peninsula and extended to the Far East. This is because Germany has occupied the Kiautschou Bay concession of China and made Qingdao a base for the invasion of Asia. Japan (who was part of the Anglo-Japanese alliance of 1902) is requested by Allied Powers (United Kingdom, France and Russia) to joined in the war and seized the base in Qingdao. However, a huge artillery batteries is placed at Fort Bismarck, and even the combined fleet that the Imperial Japanese Navy is proud of planning a operation, making it extremely difficult to capture the base. At that time, Admiral Katō Sadakichi, suddenly set up a task team in the early days of the flying corps stationed at the "Oppama Navy Aeronautical Research Institute" (追浜海軍航空術研究所, Oppama kaigun kōkū-jutsu kenkyūjo). The unit also consists of two Farman seaplanes, with Major Osugi as commander and a total of five pilots, including Shoji, who has never boarded an airplane before. These men would became the first task team to do such dangerous operation.
However, Osugi decides to sort for the survival of his unit. By late September, the seaplane carrier Wakamiya loaded up the biplanes on the deck, became the world's first aircraft carrier and headed for Qingdao. And finally, it's time for the first operation to destroyed the fortress. The Mo-type seaplane on which Osugi and Kunii were piloting was not in time for the bomb, and while bricks and five-inch nails, it started with the enthusiastic farewell of the crew.
While fitting in the air pocket and connecting the broken wire of Kunii on the wings, they managed to drop bricks and five-inch nails onto the German trenches from above to scout the fortress. However, the enemy Etrich Taube plane flies there and battled them. In contrast to the Taube, who is armed with a Maxim machine gun, the Mo-style plane has only a pistols for self-defense, and Taube, who provokes in aerobatic flight, is forced to disperse. After that, the squadron set up a base on Mount Putuo near the bay to prevent the danger of entering the base. Osugi responds to the request of the islanders, such as Yang Hakurei, the girl dancer Maki saved her from the predicament at a dance festival. However, a bottled letter reveals that the islanders has a spy among them.
Bekond
Bekond is a municipality in the Trier-Saarburg district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. As of 31 December 2018, 956 people lived there.
Siege of Fort Bismarck
Plot
And on the night of the festival, Hakurei's older brother, Zhao Hidetoshi, set fire to the junk boat and planned to sink the Wakamiya. While the fire armada junk approaches the seaplane carrier, Shoji jumps into the sea and is killed after being caught in a junk explosion while trying to change the bow of the boat, saving his team in the process. Hidetoshi was also shot dead by Ninomiya after calming he was a spy for the Germans. The headquarters demanded that Hakurei be punished by the island's troops, but Osugi and his fellow pilots refused to hand over her to the continent under Article 123 of the Fictitious Navy Criminal Code and they might get the information from her about the defense plan. Osugi devised a plan to drop a bomb hung on Unit 1 while Unit 2 on which the machine gunner was riding to distracted the Taube plane.
Hérin
Hérin is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 4,127 people lived there.
Siege of Fort Bismarck
Plot
Hakurei, who appears in front of the two in the dungeon, sentenced them to death. However, on the way to the execution site, Hakurei escapes with them. On the other hand, one month has passed since the start of the capture of Qingdao had planned out, and as the German Far East Unit approached to the bay, there were many opinions that the fleet should also start a total attack without relying on aircraft. Admiral Kato realizes that the plane was premature and decides to demote the Wakamiya to a carrier and make a total attack. Meanwhile, only Maki returned to the Wakamiya. Osugi devise a strategy to take off the remaining one plane without a bomb, replenish fuel and explosives after landing on the shore, and then bomb the ammunition depot at Bismarck Fortress. Osugi commands the task team and lands, deceiving the eyes of the German soldiers and heading for the supply depot. However, at that time, the Wakamiya was sunk by a naval mine .The seaplane floating on the sea took off for the ammunition depot bombing with the encouragement of the drifting Wakamiya crew.
Movie software
The film was released by Toho (with commentary by film critic Sadao Yamane) and was made into a DVD in 2007.
Hem-Lenglet
Hem-Lenglet is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 548 people lived there.
Hermine Karagheuz
Hermine Karagheuz (2 December 1938 Paris - 30 April 2021 Paris) was a French-Armenian actress, writer and photographer.
She debuted in 1967 in Monsieur Fugue. She was Eponime in the 1972 mini-series Les Miserables.
Aura Herzog
Aura Herzog (Hebrew: אורה הרצוג) ( Ambache, 24 December 1924 – 10 January 2022) was an Israeli social activist and philanthropist. She was the First Lady of Israel from 1983 to 1993. She was the wife of Chaim Herzog, the sixth President of the State of Israel and mother of the current president, Isaac Herzog.
In 1968, she founded the Council for a Beautiful Israel.
Herzog died on 10 January 2022, at the age of 97.
Torridonian
The sandstone is the earliest sedimentary rock in this part of the world. Under it lies much older gneiss known as the Lewisian complex. All the rock under the sandstone is igneous and metamorphosed igneous rock.
The sandstones are red beds laid down by rivers and lakes in a landscape of low rocky hills. A great thickness of red sandstone, brought in by rivers, buried the old hills. This took place in the Proterozoic, 1,200 to 544 million years ago (mya). There are older and younger sandstone groups, with a long period between them. The lower sandstone is a breccia, with broken fragments of earlier rocks.
As a result of later periods of rifting and mountain-building, some of the Torridian sandstone lies under the sea, and some of it is uplifted into mountains.
Azuchi, Shiga
History
The town is known for the ruins of Azuchi Castle. The castle was built by Oda Nobunaga in the 16th century. The castle was destroyed after Nobunaga's death by Akechi Mitsuhide in 1582; and only ruins remain.
On March 21, 2010, Azuchi merged with the city of Ōmihachiman.
Charles Messier
Charles Messier (June 26, 1730 – April 12, 1817) was a French astronomer who is remembered for publishing a list of famous objects in space that came to be called the 103 "Messier objects".
Messier's life
In 1751 he started working for Joseph Nicolas Delisle, the astronomer of the French Navy, who told him to write down everything he saw.
Messier discovered thirteen comets :
Wheatland, California
Wheatland is a city in Yuba County, California.
Myopia
Myopia, also called near-sightedness or short-sightedness, is a problem with the focusing ability of the eye. It is when the eye is not able to focus properly on objects in the distance. This condition is very common and it often occurs with many members of the same family. It happens when the lens becomes a different shape (too curved) from usual, or when the eye is longer than normal, so light entering the eye focuses on a point in front of the retina, rather than right on it. This makes distant objects look blurry. People with myopia often squint while watching television or trying to see distant objects. Sudden myopia can often be the first symptom of Type II Diabetes.
Seneschal
A seneschal was an officer in the houses of important nobles in the Middle Ages. In the French administrative system of the Middle Ages, the sénéchal was also a royal officer in charge of justice and control of the administration in southern provinces, equal to the northern French bailli.
Client
In net jargon (words people use about the Internet) a client is a computer used by a user to connect to a network and make requests to servers. For example, a web browser is a client software.
Marlèn Nolta
Marlèn Nolta (30 June 1955 – 11 January 2022) was a Dutch illustrator and drawer.
Nolta studied at the Gerrit Rietveld Academie and Royal Academy of Art, Amsterdam. In 1981 an exhibition was held including sepia drawings of Nolta. She became in the 1980s a succesfull cartoonist for national newspapers and magazines, including NRC Handelsblad, Elsevier and Het Parool. She made cartoons for the news item, with a few catchy words. She also drew book covers. Nolta also made own work. Nolta became a bookseller at Boekhandel van Pampus in Amsterdam.
Windhoek Rural
Windhoek Rural is part of the Khomas Region in the middle of Namibia. Its district capital city is Groot Aub. It had a population of 22,254 in 2011, up from 20,212 in 2001. , it has 13,625 registered voters.
Agriculture is the biggest way to make money in Windhoek Rural. Gardening, seed production, and firewood collection are big too. 90% of the land in Windhoek Rural is farmland run for profit.
Politics
Frederick Arie won the 2004 regional election. Arie is in the SWAPO Party. Arie replaced Albert Tsuoub of the Democratic Turnhalle Alliance (DTA). The 2015 regional election were also won by SWAPO whose Penina Ita gained 2,372 votes. Willem Hendrik Vries of the Democratic Turnhalle Alliance (DTA) came second with 848 votes, followed by Bernard Gaoseb of the Republican Party (RP) with 415 votes.
Sekta Archaeological Living Museum
Location
The archaeological excavation was carried out in Sekta village. Presently, it is an open air living museum. It is located about 16 km from Imphal and 4 km north of Lamlai. The place is situated at the Imphal-Ukhrul road. It is to the northeastern direction of Imphal on the left bank of the Iril River.
Features
According to the reports, the Sekta archaeological site has 6 cleanly demarcated burial mounds. One burial mound was excavated. This mound covers an area of 0.35 acre. It is now a protected site under the Archaeological Survey of India.
The excavations have unearthed many findings about the proto-Meitei people. The cultural practice of the Meiteis of Sekta, burying their dead in graves, was revealed. During the excavations, other buried essential items of social and economic life were also found. These excavations of the burial cum habitation area dated to late centuries BC. The archaeologist and historians have been able to reassess the historical link to the people of Ancient Manipur (Antique Kangleipak). According to an evaluation, more than one group of people lived within exclusive burial areas depending on their occupation in the burial mound. The excavations were divided, stratification wise, to 7 cultural periods in succession. The findings include different types of urns, containing several funerary items and a relic casket. The funerary items are made of copper, brass and iron. The relic casket is made of bell metal.
Luminosity
Luminosity is the amount of power given off by an astronomical object.
Stars and other objects emit energy in the form of radiation. It is measure d in joules per second, which are equal to watts. A watt is one unit of power. Just as a light bulb is measured in watts, the Sun can also be measured in watts. The sun gives off 3.846 W. This amount of power is known as 1 sol, the symbol for which is L_\odot.
There are other ways to describe luminosity. The most common is apparent magnitude, which is how bright an object looks to an observer on Earth. It only applies to light, that is, visible wavelengths. Apparent magnitude is contrasted with absolute magnitude, which is an object's intrinsic brightness at visible wavelengths, irrespective of distance. The apparent magnitude is the less, for objects more than 32.6 light years away.
When talking about the total power output across all wavelengths, that is called bolometric magnitude.
East Massapequa, New York
East Massapequa is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Nassau County, New York, United States.
Fallsburg, New York
Fallsburg is a town in Sullivan County, New York, United States.
Eveline Saalberg
Eveline Saalberg (born 30 July 1998 in Arnhem) is a Dutch athlete, who specializes in the 400 metres and 400 metres hurdles. In 2019, she was Dutch champion.
Career
In the autumn of 2019, Saalberg joined the training group of Laurent Meuwly. She competed at the 2021 World Athletics Relays, in the Womens 4x400 metres relay.
She studied medicine at Maastricht University.
Meiji Shrine
Meiji Shrine (明治神宮) is a Japanese Shinto shrine in Tokyo. It honors the spirits of Emperor Meiji and his wife, Empress Shōken.
History
After the emperor's death in 1912, the Diet of Japan voted to commemorate his role in the Meiji Restoration.
Work began on the shrine in 1915. It was formally dedicated in 1920; and it was completed in 1921.
The grounds of the shrine were finished by 1926. Trees in the park were donated by people from all parts of Japan.
Until 1946, the Meiji Shrine was in the highest rank of government supported shrines (官幣大社).
Luster (mineralogy)
Luster (or lustre) is a description of the way light interacts with the surface of a crystal, rock, or mineral. For example, a diamond has an adamantine lustre and pyrite has a metallic lustre. The term is also used to describe other items with some kind of sheen (for example, fabric, especially silk and satin, or metals).
The word lustre comes from the Latin word lux, meaning "light", and generally implies radiance, gloss, or brilliance.
Madera, California
Madera is a city of California in the United States. It is the county seat of Madera County. As of the 2020 census, 66,224 people lived there.
Utah Territory
The Utah Territory was an American territory which would eventually become the State of Utah in 1896.
Prime Minister of Mauritius
The prime minister of Mauritius (Premier Ministre de Maurice) is the head of government of Mauritius.
Trimbach, Switzerland
Trimbach is a municipality in the district of Gösgen. It is in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland.
Chaka Demus and Pliers
Chaka Demus and Pliers are a Jamaican reggae duo made up of deejay Chaka Demus (born John Taylor) and singer Pliers (born Everton Bonner), both famous for their hits "Tease Me" and "Murder She Wrote". As a duo, they both enjoyed more fans in the early 90s rather than their previous separate careers.
DMOZ
The Open Directory Project (ODP), also known as dmoz, is an online directory that lists good web sites based on their subject. Web sites are listed in categories on this project. Each category is linked to relevant categories; the categories have a tree-like structure too.
Seewoosagur Ramgoolam
Seewoosagur Ramgoolam (September 18, 1900 – December 15, 1985; often referred to as Chacha Ramgoolam) was a Mauritian politician, statesman and philanthropist. He was the country's first Chief Minister, Prime Minister of Mauritius, and Governor-General.
Interstellar medium
In astronomy, the interstellar medium (sometimes called the ISM) is the tenuous gas and dust that fills the void between stellar systems in galaxies, that consisting mainly of huge clouds of ionized, neutral, or molecular hydrogen. This gas and dust not distributed uniformly in interstellar space, but displays significant variations in density, temperature, and ionisation state.
Various gases exist in outer space. Most common are hydrogen and helium. Interstellar cosmic dust makes nebulae.
Low-carbohydrate diet
A Low-carbohydrate diet is a type of diet that focuses on lowering the amount of carbohydrates eaten. There are many variations of this diet which all focus on lowering carbohydrates and might have different advantages and disadvantages.
Foods
There is evidence that the quality is also important too, and that high-fiber slow-digesting foods are healthful while ultra-processed and sugary foods are less so. People choosing diet for health conditions should have the diet focused on their own needs.
Most vegetables are low- or moderate-carbohydrate foods. Some vegetables, such as potatoes, carrots, maize (corn) and rice are high in starch. Most low-carbohydrate diet plans encourage to eat vegetables such as broccoli, spinach, kale, lettuce, cucumbers, cauliflower, peppers and most green-leafy vegetables.
First appearences
In 1797, John Rollo reported on the results of treating two diabetic Army officers with a low-carbohydrate diet and medications. A very low-carbohydrate, ketogenic diet was the standard treatment for diabetes throughout the nineteenth century.
Robert, Archduke of Austria-Este
Robert, Archduke of Austria-Este (given names: Robert Karl Ludwig Maximilian Michael Maria Anton Franz Ferdinand Joseph Otto Hubert Georg Pius Johannes Marcus d'Aviano; 8 February 1915 – 7 February 1996), was the second son of Karl I and Princess Zita of Bourbon-Parma. He was also known as Robert Karl Erzherzog von Österreich.
Low-carbohydrate diet
First appearences
In 1863, William Banting, a formerly obese English undertaker and coffin maker, published "Letter on Corpulence Addressed to the Public". He described a diet for weight control giving up bread, butter, milk, sugar, beer, and potatoes. His booklet was widely read, so much so that some people used the term "Banting" for the activity now called "dieting."
In the early 1900s Frederick Madison Allen made a highly restrictive short term diet which was described by Walter R. Steiner at the 1916 annual convention of the Connecticut State Medical Society as The Starvation Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus. This diet was often administered in a hospital in order to better ensure following and safety.
Web directory
A Web directory is a website. It is like a directory, or a phone book. It lists other websites, that are put into different categories.
Peep Show (TV series)
Peep Show is a British television sitcom starring David Mitchell and Robert Webb. It ran from 19 September 2003 to 16 December 2015. It was created by Andrew O'Connor, Jesse Armstrong and Sam Bain. It was written by Armstrong, Bain and Simon Blackwell. Mitchell won a BAFTA Award for his role.
Mitchell plays Mark Corrigan, Webb plays Jeremy Usborne. They are two young men who share a flat in Croydon, London. They are friends despite being very different to each other. Much of the show's humour is about the difference between the two central characters.
Mark is conservative, studious, intelligent, hard-working, frugal, socially awkward and loves history. He is a loan manager for the first five series.
Jeremy is unemployed, irresponsible, dishonest, lazy, promiscuous bisexual and hedonistic. From series 1 - 7 he attempts to become a professional musician. In series 8 and 9 he is a life coach.
Stoke
Stoke may refer to the following:
United Kingdom
Originally from the Old English 'stoc' meaning 'place', it came to be used in two special senses, i) a religious place and ii) a secondary settlement (see Roome ISBN 0-7475-0170-X)
It can refer to any of the following places:
Hergnies
Hergnies is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 4,433 people lived there.
Henry Hill
Henry John Hill Jr (June 11, 1943 - June 12, 2012) was an American mafioso. He was born and raised in Brooklyn, New York City. His mother was Sicilian and his father was Irish. Hill was a member of the Mafia from 1955 until he went into the Witness Protection Program in 1980. He later left the Program. He was a violent robber, extortionist and drug dealer. He was a compulsive gambler and drug addict who served prison sentences. He married Karen (née Friedman) in 1965. The couple had a son and daughter and divorced in 2002. Hill died in hospital in Los Angeles, California from a heart attack, aged 69. Hill's children survive him.
Hill's life was the basis of Nicholas Pileggi's book Wiseguy. This was later used as the basis for movie Goodfellas, in which Ray Liotta played Hill.
File sharing
File sharing is the practice of making files available for other users to download over the Internet and smaller networks. Usually file sharing follows the peer-to-peer (P2P) model, where the files are stored on personal computers of the users. In this model, most people who are sharing files are also downloading files that other users share.
Denuvo
Denuvo Anti-Tamper is an anti-tamper technology and digital rights management software. It was developed by Austrian software company called Denuvo Software Solutions GmbH. Denuvo Software Solutions GmbH is a subsidary of Irdeto. The common name of Denuvo Anti-Tamper is Denuvo.
Herzeele
Herzeele is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 1,649 people lived there.
Prince Lorenz of Belgium
Prince Lorenz of Belgium, Archduke of Austria-Este (born 16 December 1955) is a Belgian royal. He is a member of the Belgian royal family by his marriage with Princess Astrid of Belgium. Since 1996 he is also head of the House of Austria-Este.
Titles and Styles
16 December 1955-10 November 1955: His Imperial and Royal Highness Archduke Lorenz of Austria-Este, Prince Imperial of Austria, Prince Royal of Hungary, Bohemia and Croatia
10 November 1955-7 February 1996: His Imperial and Royal Highness Prince Lorenz of Belgium, Archduke of Austria-Este
7 February 1996-present: His Imperial Highness and Royal Highness Prince Lorenz of Belgium, The Archduke of Austria-Este, Prince Imperial of Austria, Prince Royal of Hungary and Bohemia, Prince of Modena
William Huggins
Sir William Huggins, KCB, OM, FRS, (7 February 1824–12 May 1910) was an English astronomer best known for his work in astronomical spectroscopy.
Herlies
Herlies is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 2,393 people lived there.
William Huggins
Life and work
William Huggins was born at Cornhill, Middlesex in 1824. He married Margaret Lindsay, who was also an astronomer. Huggins built his own observatory from where he and his wife looked at spectral emission lines and absorption lines of astronomical objects. He was the first person to figure out the difference between nebulae and galaxies. Huggins was president of the Royal Society between 1900 and 1905.
Khonsu
Khonsu is the god of the moon, moonlight, and time in Egyptian mythology. In the beginning of the gods, he gambled time with the sky goddess Nut. The goddess Nut won so many times that she could then add five days to the calendar. These days were called the "devil days". Khonsu's father is Amun, and his mother is Mut.
Calamus
"Calamus" is a group of poems in Walt Whitman's Leaves of Grass. They are about gay love or, in Whitman-speak, "the manly love of comrades". The Calamus poems have their seeds in a group of poems called "Live Oak with Moss". Whitman wrote these poems before or in the spring of 1859. They were printed with other poems in the 1860 third edition of Leaves of Grass to form a group of 45 poems about gay love. The "Live Oak" poems seem to be about relations between the Whitman and a male lover. Whitman sees the love of comrades as the backbone of all nations, the root of religious sentiments, the source of personal anguish and joy, and the answer to the big questions of life. The Calamus (Acorus calamus, or Sweet Flag) root is shaped like a phallus and has connections with a mythological story about gay lovers.
Taylor Louderman
Taylor Elizabeth Louderman (born December 21, 1990) is an American actress, singer and dancer. She is best known for the role of Regina George in the Broadway musical Mean Girls. She was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Musical in 2018 for her role in Mean Girls. She is also a voice actress who voices Blair in the Nick Jr. series Sunny Day and Pux Araz in the Cartoon Network series Acceptable Mountain.
Paul Bérenger
Paul Raymond Bérenger GCSK, MP (born 26 March 1945) is a Mauritian politician who was Prime Minister of Mauritius from 2003 to 2005. He was theLeader of the Opposition many times — from 1983 to 1987, 1997 to 2000, 2005 to 2006, 2007 to 2013, October 2013 to 15 September 2014, and again from December 2014 to December 2016. He was also Deputy Prime Minister from 1995 to 1997 and again from 2000 to 2003.
Astronomical spectroscopy
Astronomical spectroscopy is the science of using spectroscopy to figure out what elements astronomical bodies, such as stars, planets and nebulae, are made of. It can also be used to work out how those objects are moving, using doppler shift.
Princess Astrid of Belgium
Princess Astrid of Belgium, Archduchess of Austria-Este (born 5 June 1962), is the second child and first daughter of King Albert II and Queen Paola. She is the younger sister to the current Belgian monarch, King Philippe. She is married to Prince Lorenz of Belgium. She is known for her humanitarian missions to Middle Eastern countries.
Astronomical spectroscopy
Chemical properties of stars
Isaac Newton used a prism to split white light into a spectrum of color, and Fraunhofer's high-quality prisms allowed scientists to see dark lines of an unknown origin.
Princess Astrid of Belgium
5 June 1962-22 September 1984: Her Royal Highness Princess Astrid Josephine-Charlotte Fabrizia Elisabeth Paola Marie of Belgium
Astronomical spectroscopy
Chemical properties of stars
It was not until the 1850s that Gustav Kirchoff and Robert Bunsen explained the dark lines. Hot solid objects produce light with a continuous spectrum, and hot gasses emit light at specific wavelengths. However, hot solid objects surrounded by cooler gasses show a near-continuous spectrum with dark lines corresponding to the emission lines of the gasses. By comparing the absorption lines of the Sun with emission spectra of known gasses, the chemical composition of stars can be discovered.
Mount Isa
Mount Isa is a city in the north west region of Queensland, Australia. In June 2006 there 18,857 people living in the city. and 31,000 in the region. Mount Isa began in the 1920s as a mining town. Mount Isa Mines (MIM) is one of the most productive mines in the world, producing lead, silver, copper, and zinc.
Carbonation
Carbonation is the process of carbon dioxide dissolving in a liquid. For example, carbon dioxide is added to flavored water under pressure to make it "fizz" as a carbonated water soft drink.
Geology
When rain passes through the atmosphere, it takes in or mixes with carbon dioxide, turning it into a weak carbonic acid. When the rain falls in limestone, it dissolves the calcium carbonate in the rock, turning it into calcium bicarbonate and taking it away. Holes and large cracks can form in the rock. Such a place is called karst. If a stream or river passes through it, it could be swallowed up by a hole called a swallow hole. It can go through a series of underground caves and may appear on the surface again. An example of a karst area is the Burren National Park, in County Clare, Ireland.
Chemistry
Carbon dioxide is weakly soluble in water, therefore it separates into a gas. The process of carbon dioxide bubbling out (effervescing) from a solution is represented by the following chemical reaction. This shows aqueous carbonic acid converts to carbon dioxide and water:
Raymond VII, Count of Toulouse
Raymond VII of Saint-Gilles (July 1197 – 27 September 1249) was Count of Toulouse, Duke of Narbonne and Marquis of Provence from 1222 until his death.
Carbonation
Biochemistry
Carbonation also describes the incorporation of carbon dioxide into chemical compounds. Carbon-based life originates from a carbonation reaction that is most often catalysed by the enzyme RuBisCO. This carbonation process is so important that a significant fraction of leaf mass consists of this carbonating enzyme.
Raymond VII, Count of Toulouse
He was the son of Raymond VI of Toulouse and Joan of England. During the Albigensian Crusade in May of 1216, he set out from Marseille and besieged Beaucaire, which he captured on August 24. He fought to get the county of Toulouse back from Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester and later Simon's son Amaury VI of Montfort.
When Raymond died, Alphonse became count of Toulouse, and after Alphonse's death the county was captured by France. Raymond VII was buried beside his mother Joan in Fontevrault Abbey.
Divine grace
In Christianity Divine Grace means a favour of God for humankind. God favours every person, without looking at what they did or how much they are worth. This grace of God to humans may happen in the gifts that God gives him, such as creation or salvation.
Common Grace
Common grace refers to blessings which God gives to everyone. Jesus said that God "sends the rain upon the just and the unjust. This idea is found in Greek philosophy. Plato spoke of God's "gifts". The Reformers listed many ways in which God gives undeserved gifts to mankind. These include life itself, food and earthly pleasures. God also restrains evil so that people will not destroy themselves in wars and conflict.
Prevenient Grace
Prevenient grace (or enabling grace) is a Christian teaching in Arminian theology. It appeared earlier in Catholic and early Anabaptist teaching. It is divine grace that goes before human decision. In other words, God will start showing special love to a person at a certain time of his life.
Prevenient grace is taught by Christians who are influenced by the theology of Jacob Arminius or John Wesley. Wesleyan Arminians believe God helps people to accept the gift of salvation.
Saving Grace
This refers to the good things that God gives to those who believe in Jesus. The gifts include forgiveness of sin, eternal life, and the power to live a good and holy life.
In Popular Culture
"Grace" is a common girl's name in many countries.
"Amazing Grace" is a song that became very popular. It is played at funerals, sometimes on a bagpipe. This song was written by John Newton who was an evil slave trader. His life was changed when he became a Christian. He later worked to stop the practice of slavery. His story is told in a 2006 movie.
Houplines
Houplines is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 7,782 people lived there.
Rival
A rival is a person or group of people who are trying to do the same thing as someone else, and trying to do it better. They are "competing" against one another. Usually they are about equally good.
Two (or more) businesses may be rivals. For example: they may be selling ice creams in the same area.
Brothers and sisters may be rivals. For example: they may both be trying to get their mother's attention.
Countries may be rivals. For example: they may be trying to have power over the same thing. This can be a dangerous thing which, in some cases, can lead to war.
In sport, two teams may be rivals. This is a more friendly kind of rivalry.
Leaves of Grass
Leaves of Grass is a collection of poetry by American writer Walt Whitman (1819–1892). The collection was first printed on July 4, 1855 in Brooklyn at a Fulton Street printing shop. About 800 copies were printed. The book was 95 pages long and had 12 poems. Whitman paid for this first printing. The book did not sell well.
Whitman added material to Leaves of Grass and revised the book many times during his life. The most famous poems in the book are "Song of Myself", "I Sing the Body Electric", "Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking", and "When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd". The collection praised the human body, the material world, nature, and the experience of the senses at a time when poetry focused on religious experience and the life of the spirit.
Margaret Sanger
Margaret Sanger (September 14, 1883 – September 6, 1966 ) was a famous birth control rights activist. She established the American Birth Control League in 1921. This eventually became what we now know as Planned Parenthood in 1946. She helped finance biologist Gregory Pincus's creation of the birth control pill. Mrs. Sanger has been credited as the first person to use the term “birth control”. Birth control is used to describe contraception, or ways of preventing unwanted pregnancy. She paved the way for contraception to become a widely accepted social practice at a time when spreading information about birth control was prohibited by law.
Looberghe
Looberghe is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 1,190 people lived there.
Margaret Sanger
She studied to become a nurse at Claverack College in the early 1900s. At this time a woman’s place was seen as in the home raising children. She defied this idea and chose to pursue one of the only career paths available to her. Her career in medicine exposed her to many women who went to desperate lengths to end their pregnancies. For many of these women, this was the cause of their deaths. Mrs. Sanger saw this misery and decided to dedicate her life to freeing women from what she viewed as a life of sexual enslavement. Her passion drew her to start the very first abortion clinic in the United States in 1916. This clinic was raided and closed by the police after a few weeks. Fortunately, the clinic had already served over 450 clients. Thanks to her activism, the Comstock laws were changed in 1936. These laws had previously made sharing information about many topics, including contraception, illegal. This change allowed for more freedom of information surrounding birth control. She also pushed the American Medical Association to legitimize birth control as a valid medical practice in 1937. She was known for using public protest and strong visuals to draw attention to her cause. In addition to demonstrations she relied heavily on her magazine, Woman Rebel, to spread the word about her fight.
As a rebel, feminist, and socialist, she spent the vast majority of her professional life fighting for what she saw as a basic human right: family planning.
Nancy B. Jackson
Nancy B. Jackson (March 1, 1956 – January 3, 2022) was an American chemist. She was known for her works about alternative fuels. She was president of the American Chemical Society in 2011.
Jackson died on 3 January 2022, in Albuquerque, New Mexico at the age of 65.
Navin Ramgoolam
Navinchandra Ramgoolam, GCSK, FRCP (born 14 July 1947) is a Mauritian politician who was Prime Minister of Mauritius from 2005 to 2014 and leader of the Labour Party. He was Leader of the Opposition from 1991 to 1995. He was Prime Minister for the first time from December 1995 until September 2000.
Minions: The Rise of Gru
Minions: The Rise of Gru (also called Minions 2: The Rise of Gru) is a 2022 American computer-animated comedy movie directed by Kyle Balda. It is the sequel to to the spin-off prequel Minions (2015) and the fifth entry overall in the Despicable Me franchise.
Minions: The Rise of Gru was released in the United States on July 1, 2022, by Universal Studios.
Plot
Set just after the events of the first film, this time in the early 1970s, a 12-year-old Gru is growing up in the suburbs. A fanboy of a supervillain group known as the Vicious 6, Gru hatches a plan to become evil enough to join them. When the Vicious 6 fire their leader, legendary fighter Wild Knuckles, Gru interviews to become their newest member.
It does not go well, and things only get worse after Gru steals a precious stone from them with the help of Kevin, Stuart, Bob, and Otto. The other Minions suddenly finds himself the mortal enemy of the apex of evil. On the run, Gru and the Minions will turn to an unlikely source for guidance, Wild Knuckles himself, and discover that even bad guys need a little help from their friends.
Voice cast
Additionally, Will Arnett, Steve Coogan and Michael Beattie reprise their respective roles as Mr. Perkins, a bank worker who later becomes the president of the Bank of Evil; Silas Ramsbottom, an agent who later becomes the director of the Anti-Villain League; and the VNC announcer from the Minions film. Beattie also voices Guru Pick. Jimmy O. Yang, Kevin Michael Richardson and John DiMaggio voice three of Wild Knuckles' goons, and Raymond S. Persi voices Brad, a birthday kid to whom Otto trades the stone for a pet rock.
Kailash Purryag
Rajkeswur Purryag, GCSK (born 12 December 1947), also known as Kailash Purryag, GCSK, GOSK is a Mauritian politician. He was President of Mauritius from 2012 to May 2015.
Pahlavi dynasty
The Pahlavi dynasty (Persian: سلسله پهلوی) is the last Iranian royal dynasty, ruling for almost 54 years between 1925 and 1979. The dynasty was founded by Reza Shah, a Mazanderani soldier. The dynasty took on the name of the Pahlavi language spoken in the pre-Islamic Sasanian Empire in order to strengthen his nationalist credentials.
Origins
The dynasty was founded by Reza Shah of Mazanderani descent. Reza's father was a Mazanderani,  commissioned in the 7th Savadkuh Regiment, and served in the Siege of Herat in 1856. His mother was a Georgian Muslim immigrant from Georgia (then part of the Russian Empire).
Cassam Uteem
Cassam Uteem, GCSK (born 22 March 1941) is a Mauritian politician. He was President of Mauritius from 30 June 1992 to 15 February 2002 and is the longest serving President of Mauritius, having served for nine years.
Pahlavi dynasty
History
The Pahlavi regime established by Reza Shah was a secular, nationalism, militarist and anti-communist regime. Although he himself was of Mazanderani descent, his government carried out an extensive policy of Persianization trying to create a single, united and largely homogeneous nation, similar to Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's policy of Turkification in Turkey after the fall of the Ottoman Empire. After the removal of Reza Shah in 1941, his son Mohammad Reza Shah took his place. Finally, the dynasty came to an end with the Iranian revolution.
Margherita, Archduchess of Austria-Este
She was married to Robert, Archduke of Austria-Este from 1953 until his death in 1996. They had five children; including Prince Lorenz of Belgium.
Margherita died on 10 January 2022 in Basel, Switzerland at the age of 91.
Queen Paola of Belgium
Paola (born Donna Paola Ruffo di Calabria; born 11 September 1937) is a member of the Belgian royal family. She was Queen of the Belgians from 1993 to 2013. She is the wife of the King Albert II.
Titles and Styles
11 September 1937-2 July 1959:Donna Paola Ruffo di Calabria
2 July 1959-9 August 1993: Her Royal Highness The Princess of Liege
9 August 1993-21 July 2013: Her Majesty The Queen of the Belgians
21 July 2013-present: Her Majesty Queen Paola of Belgium