cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
First officer
Generally one of the two will fly the airplane, while the other navigates and is in charge of radio communication.
Torch Song Trilogy
Torch Song Trilogy is a trio of plays by Harvey Fierstein about a Jewish drag queen. It won the 1983 Drama Desk Award for Outstanding New Play and the 1983 Tony Award for Best Play. The play was made into a movie in 1988.
Ziesar
Ziesar is a town in Potsdam-Mittelmark in Brandenburg, Germany.
Alice Joyce
Alice Joyce (October 1, 1890 – October 9, 1955) was an American actress. She appeared in more than two hundred movies in the 1910s and 1920s. She starred mostly in silent movies. Those included The Green Goddess in 1923. She was born in Kansas City, Missouri. She died resulting from heart problems at age sixty-five in Hollywood, California.
Renkum
Renkum is a municipality found in the Dutch province of Gelderland. In 2019, 31,302 people lived there.
Postgenderism
Postgenderism means 'beyond gender'.
The word is used to describe the idea, the social current or the evolution that fades or gets rid of gender and/or sex in humans and society.
It is also used to describe a set of social norms or a persons identity that goes beyond classical gender and sex-determinations and places them in the past, let them fade or dissapear.
Postgenderism argues that marking people into different sex of gender groups and gender roles is not needed and results in a limitation on the possibilities of people and what they can achieve in life.
It foresees that gender will disappear with humans that don't want this, as a result of always changing ways the human species organises their lives and as a result of new technology advances.
Mohamed Atta
Mohamed Atta (محمد عطا السيد (September 1, 1968 – September 11, 2001) was a known associate of al-Qaeda and the leader of the nineteen hijackers who carried out the September 11, 2001 attacks. He personally participated in the hijacking of American Airlines Flight 11, the first plane to crash into the World Trade Center during the September 11, 2001 attacks. He was said to be 'the best candidate for the job'.
Common juniper
The common juniper (Juniperus communis) is a species in the genus Juniperus, in the family Cupressaceae. It has the largest range of any woody plant. It is all over the cool temperate Northern Hemisphere. It can be found in North America, Europe and Asia.
Description
Juniperus communis is a shrub or small coniferous evergreen tree. It is a low spreading shrub. Sometimes it can reach 10 m tall.
The seed cones are berry-like. They are green when ripening. In 18 months they change to purple-black with a blue waxy coating.
Crafts
It is too small to be used for lumber. In Scandinavia, however, juniper wood is used for making containers. These containers store small amounts of dairy products such as butter and cheese. In Estonia juniper wood is valued for its long lasting and pleasant aroma. Various decorative items (often eating utensils) are common in most Estonian handicraft shops and households.
Culinary
Its astringent blue-black seeds, commonly known as "Juniper berries", are too bitter to eat raw. They are usually sold dried and used to flavour meats, sauces, and stuffings. They are generally crushed before use to release their flavour. The berries are used to flavour certain beers and gin. The Slovak national alcoholic beverage Borovička is also flavoured with juniper berry extract.
Nikita Filatov
Nikita Vasilyevich Filatov (Никита Васильевич Филатов; born May 25, 1990) is a Russian professional ice hockey player who is currently a member of Salavat Yulaev of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). Filatov was loaned to HC CSKA Moscow of the KHL by the Ottawa Senators of the National Hockey League (NHL) in December, 2011.
Rockville, Virginia
Rockville is a small town in the U.S. state of Virginia. It is in Hanover County near Richmond, Virginia. Rockville is mainly a farming town. It got its name from nearby rock quarries.
Gheorghe Maftei
Gheorghe Maftei is a weightlifter from Romania. Gheorghe competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics and the 1984 Summer Olympics. He was born on 1 April 1955.
Lois Wilson
Lois Wilson (28 June 1894 – 3 March 1988) was an American actress. She appeared in silent movies. She played Molly Wingate in The Covered Wagon in 1923 and as Daisy Buchanan in The Great Gatsby in 1926. In the 1930s, she became dissatisfied with the roles she was given. She retired from acting in movies in 1941.
Tamora Pierce
Tamora Pierce is an American author. She was born in Connellsville, Pennsylvania on December 13th, 1954. Tamora Pierce is the daughter of Wayne Pierce and Jacqueline Pierce, but her parents divorced. Her family moved from Pennsylvania to California many times. Tamora loved reading books as a child, and she started writing stories when she was in 6th grade. When she was a teenager, she stopped writing. One of her teachers motivated her to continue writing, and she started writing again as an adult.
Writing
Tamora Pierce mainly writes fantasy books, but sometimes historical books. She enjoys writing series because of how the reader gets to live along with the characters. She likes writing books for teenagers. Many of her books have been translated into German, Danish, and Spanish.
Personal life
Tamora lives in New York, New York with her husband, 4 cats, parakeet, and sometimes rescued animals. She is interested in many topics which sometimes are included in her writing. Some topics she is interested in our culture, crime, wildlife, nature, historical events, and more.
Superparamagnetism
Superparamagnetism is a form of magnetism. A superparamagnetic material has many small clusters of magnetic things in its structure, but they are not all pointed the same way, so the material is not magnetic by itself. If a magnetic field is applied to the material, then the clusters change direction to match the magnetic field and the material becomes magnetic. Superparamagnetism is like paramagnetism, except it can happen at near room temperature. It happens when materials are made up of very small parts (1-10 nm).
Ally Carter
Ally Carter is the pen name of Sarah Leigh Fogleman (born January 1, 1974),  She went to Oklahoma State University and Cornell University. Carter began writing at age 12. She published her first book in 2005, Cheating at Solitaire. S. E. Hinton's The Outsiders made her interested in writing. Carter first was a screenwriter, then started writing novels. Some of her books were My True Love Gave to Me, Double Crossed, Learning to Play Gin and Cheating At Solitaire. She also wrote two series, the Gallagher Girls Books and Heist Society Books. All Fall Down came out on January 20, 2015 to start her new series, Embassy Row.
Carter writes about teenage spies and thieves. Her books have been sold in over 20 languages. It takes her four to six weeks to write one story, but she spends much more time editing the stories. Her books have appeared on several best sellers lists, such as the New York Times, as well as sold over two million copies in the United States alone.
Sacred kingfisher
The sacred kingfisher (Todiramphus sanctus) is a medium sized woodland kingfisher.
They live in mangroves, woodlands, forests, and river valleys in Australia, New Zealand, and other parts of the western Pacific. In New Zealand the species is also known by its Māori name Kōtare.
The sacred kingfisher is mostly turquoise, with white underparts and collar feathers. Both sexes are similar. The females are usually more dull colored. Juveniles have rusty-brown edges on the collar and underparts. The bird is 19 - 23 cm long. They feed on insects, small crustaceans, fish, small rodents and reptiles. Usually, a bird will sit on a low branch and wait for prey to pass by. It swoops down to grab the prey and returns to its perch to eat, much like a hawk.
Once a pair of birds has mated, both members of the pair dig the nest. The nest is usually on a burrow in a river bank or a large, empty branch. The female lays about five eggs. Both birds incubate the eggs and take care of the young.
Kiss Me, Kate
Kiss Me, Kate is a musical. The libretto was written by Samuel and Bella Spewack. The lyrics and music were written by Cole Porter. It is based on Shakespeare's The Taming of the Shrew. It opened on Broadway in 1948. It starred Alfred Drake and Patricia Morison. It won the first Tony Award for Best Musical in 1949. The musical opened in the West End in 1951. The story of the musical is about the backstage conflicts, tensions, and troubles between the four stars of a musical version of Shrew.
A movie version of the musical was released in 1953. A television version was produced for the Hallmark Hall of Fame in 1958 starring Alfred Drake and Patricia Morison. Another television version was made for BBC Two in 1964 with Howard Keel and Morison, and a third television production was made in 1968 with Robert Goulet and Carol Lawrence. In 2003, a Great Performances television production starred Brent Barrett and Rachel York.
Alex Rae
Alexander Scott Rae, (born September 30 1969 in Glasgow), is a professional footballer, who is currently player-manager at Dundee.
Safety
Safety is a feeling that no bad things will happen. Security avoids things to happen that you don't want to. The police keep public safety, which stops crimes happen. Safety hats protect the head from injury. Houses provide safety from the weather.
The opposite of safety is danger.
Measures
Safety measures are activities and precautions taken to improve safety. Here are list of common safety measures include:
Arrondissement of Lure
The arrondissement of Lure is an arrondissement of France. It is part of the Haute-Saône département in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region. Its capital, and subprefecture of the department, is the city of Lure.
History
When the arrondissements of Haute-Saône were created in 1800, Lure was one of them in the Haute-Saône department.
Geography
The arrondissement of Lure is the most northern of the arrondissements of the Haute-Saône department; it is the smallest "arrondissement" with an area of 1848.3 km2, and the one with fewest people living in it with a population of 108,725 inhabitants and a population density of inhabitants/km².
The arrondissement of Lure is bordered to the north by the Vosges department, to the east by the Territoire de Belfort department, to the south by the Doubs department and to the west by the arrondissement Vesoul.
Cantons
In the arrondissement of Lure, there are ten cantons and three of them do not have all their "communes" in the arrondissement:
Communes
The arrondissement of Lure has 195 communes; they are (with their INSEE codes):
Avellaneda
Avellaneda is a city in the Buenos Aires Province in Argentina. In 2010, 342,677 people lived there. It is 7 km south of Buenos Aires, the capital of Argentina.
Air Åland
Air Åland Ab is an airline from Åland. Air Åland doesn't fly the routes by itself, it uses other airlines. Swedish airline NextJet has been operating the flights
The company was based as an airlines in 14th of January 2005 and started flying 29th of October 2005 with Mariehamn-Helsinki-route. The company opened its 2nd route in 13th of March 2006. between Mariehamn and Stockholm (Arlanda). Air Åland ceased flying in 2012 because FlyBe started flying the Helsinki-Mariehamn-route.
Also the company operates charter flights. Air Åland's flights' host used to be UAB Nordic Solutions Air Services with four Saab 340-prop airliners (Registration: LY-DIG, LY-ISR, LY-KXE and LY-RIK). The operator changed its name to Avion Express because the owner changed. After that the flights were handled by a Swedish Avitrans Nordic. During the winter 2008 Air Åland expanded its career with the Wingo xprs company. Wingo xprs started a route Turku-Tampere-Oulu, which was operated by Air Åland until 19th of June 2008.
Nextjet starts flights from Mariehamn to Turku on the 2nd of April 2012, and it will be flown once everyday, except Sundays.
Weather Center Live
Weather Center Live was a program on The Weather Channel. It airs on weekdays from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Eastern Time. It gives information about the current weather events happening in the United States. It is The Weather Channel 's de facto program. On November 16, 2021, the show was replaced by Storm Center.
History
Weather Center Live formally launched as Weather Center on March 2, 2009. It replaced the old Weather Center. Its hosts were Stephanie Abrams and Mike Bettes. Abrams and Bettes formerly hosted Abrams & Bettes: Beyond the Forecast, which ended three days earlier. From May 5 to June 12, 2009, Mike Bettes went on the Vortex 2 project, so Adam Berg filled in for him in the studio.
Schedule and hosts
On June 22, 2009, Jim Cantore and Alexandra Steele became hosts of the program, replacing Abrams & Bettes (they got a week off to get ready for their new hosts on Your Weather Today, now America's Morning Headquarters). Cantore and Steele hosted from 7-10 p.m. ET under the title Weather Center with Cantore & Steele (just like under Your Weather Today's new name Your Weather Today with Abrams & Bettes).
In December 2009, Kevin Robinson left The Weather Channel, and was replaced by Chris Warren. In September 2010, Crystal Egger replaced Alexandra Steele, who was later at CNN. Nicole Mitchell left the program in November, and was replaced by Kelly Cass.
Beginning in January 2011, Weather Center aired three blocks a night (7-8 p.m., 10-11 p.m., and 1-2 a.m.) and debuted on weekends on February 5, 2011. The weekday editions were hosted by Chris Warren and Crystal Egger, the weekend editions were hosted by Paul Goodloe and Kelly Cass.
In March 2012, the weekday edition debuted at 4:00 p.m., moving Day Planner to 11 a.m. to 2 p.m. ET. The weekend edition debuted at 4 p.m. as well, canceling PM Edition. In November 2012, Weather Center Live began airing from 5-8 p.m. ET.
Todd Santos left the channel in July 2013, and was replaced by Keith Carson. In September, Crystal Egger left the program (she returned on September 12 to anchor from 1-3 a.m. ET due to the flooding in Colorado, before she left the network for good). Alexandra Wilson left the afternoon 4-5 p.m. edition to replace her as a co-host with Chris Warren and Jim Cantore. However when she left no anchor was announced to join Alex Wallace.
On November 12, 2013 at 4:00 a.m. Eastern Time, The Weather Channel re-launched with new graphics. As a result, the program was extended to mornings and afternoons (4:00 to 5:30 a.m. and 11:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. Eastern) and weekends from 4:30 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. Eastern Time, but that change meant that the show's 10:00 p.m. and 1:00 a.m. editions and weekends at 4:00 and 7:00 p.m. Eastern were replaced by long-form programming, removing nighttime forecast programs for the first time in The Weather Channel's history.
In February 2014, the show was extended to 2:00-5:00 p.m. ET. In April, Dave Schwartz returned to The Weather Channel co-anchoring alongside Alexandra Wilson. On November 6, 2014, the show's 4:00-5:30 a.m. time slot was replaced by long-form programming (from 4-5 a.m.) and an extended Wake Up with Al from 5 to 5:30 a.m. ET. On November 8, 2014, the weekend 4-5 a.m. ET and noon-2 p.m. editions were also replaced by long-form programming. So as a result, Weather Center Live only aired from 11:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. ET weekdays and 5:00 a.m. to noon ET on weekends.
In mid-November, Weather Center Live began airing at 10:00 a.m. weekdays, canceling the rebroadcast of Wake Up with Al.
On January 31, 2015, the 5:00-9:00 a.m. edition was replaced by AMHQ Weekend hosted by Reynolds Wolf and Kait Parker. On March 14, 2015, the 9:00 a.m. to noon edition was replaced by Weekend Recharge hosted by Maria LaRosa and Paul Goodloe. Weather Center Live became a weekday only show, airing from 10:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. Eastern Time.
On August 24, 2015, the 6:00 to 8:00 p.m. edition was replaced by Weather Underground, hosted by Mike Bettes and Alex Wilson. On June 4, 2018, Weather Center Live was shortened by an hour, ending at 5 p.m. ET.
In December 2018, Weather Center Live began being known as The Weather Channel LIVE only on electronic program guides.
Zvonimir Boban
Zvonimir Boban (born 8 October 1968) is a former Croatian football player. He has played for Yugoslavia's national team and Croatia's national team.
Club career statistics
109||45 195||23 4||0 308||68
International career statistics
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!Total||51||12
Poás Volcano National Park
The park is frequently closed because of sulphur gas. Over the last decade there have been indications that the volcano is slowly building up for a new eruption.
Oasis of the Seas
Oasis of the Seas is a cruise ship operated by Royal Caribbean International. She is the first of her class, whose ships are the largest passenger ships in the world.
Lariboisière Hospital
Lariboisière Hospital (French: Hôpital Lariboisière) is a hospital in Paris. It is one of Europe's largest hospitals. It was created in 1854. It is a partner of the Université Paris Cité.
Roger Wicker
Roger Frederick Wicker (born July 5, 1951 in Pontotoc, Mississippi, United States) is a senior United States Senator from Mississippi. He took over Mississippi's first congressional district soon after Jamie L. Whitten's death in 1995.
Defence against herbivory
Defence against herbivory describes plant defences to avoid being eaten. There are many adaptations which improve the survival and reproduction of plants by reducing the effect of herbivores.
Many plants produce chemicals which change the behaviour, growth, or survival of herbivores. These chemical defences can act as repellents or toxins to herbivores, or reduce plant digestibility. Some plants, known as hyperaccumulators, specialise in storing heavy metals which are toxic to animals.
Some plants encourage the presence of natural enemies of herbivores, which in turn protect the plant. Some plants provide a home for ants which defend the plant strongly.
Other defensive strategies used by plants include escaping or avoiding herbivores in time or in place. They may grow where plants are not easily found or got at by herbivores. They may grow when herbivores are not around. Herbivores may get diverted towards non-essential parts, or a plant may be able to recover from the damage caused by herbivory.
Historically, insects have been the most significant herbivores, especially the larvae of insects. The evolution of land plants is closely associated with the evolution of insects. While most plant defences are directed against insects, other defences have evolved that are aimed at vertebrate herbivores, such as birds and mammals.
The study of plant defences against herbivory is important, not only from an evolutionary viewpoint, but also because these defences can be used in agriculture, including human and livestock food sources.
Specific chemical defences
Plant chemicals have evolved to affect insects. Some of these biochemical pathways exist in vertebrates, including humans. Many pharmaceuticals are got from the chemicals plants use to protect themselves from herbivores. Examples are opium, aspirin, cocaine, and atropine.
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids are produced by plants as a defence mechanism against insect herbivores. More than 660 PAs and PA N-oxides have been identified in over 6,000 plants. About half of them exhibit hepatotoxicity, that is, they attack liver function.
Evolution of defensive traits
The earliest land plants evolved from aquatic plants around 450 million years ago (mya) in the Ordovician period. These early land plants had no vascular tissue and needed free water for their reproduction. Vascular plants appeared later and their diversification began in the Devonian era (about 400 mya). They had adaptations such as protective coating to reduce evaporation from their tissues.
Reproduction and dispersal of vascular plants in these dry conditions was got by the evolution of specialized seed structures. The diversification of flowering plants (angiosperms) during the Cretaceous period is associated with a sudden burst of speciation in insects. This diversification of insects represented a major selective force in plant evolution. It led to the selection of plants that had defensive adaptations. Early insect herbivores bit or chewed vegetation; but the evolution of vascular plants lead to the co-evolution of other forms of herbivory, such as sap-sucking, leaf mining, gall forming and nectar-feeding.
Records of herbivores
Our understanding of herbivory in geological time comes from three sources:
Long thought to be a Mesozoic phenomenon, evidence for herbivory is found almost as soon as fossils which could show it. Within under 20 million years of the first fossils of sporangia and stems towards the close of the Silurian, around 420 mya, there is evidence that they were being eaten. Animals fed on the spores of early Devonian plants, and the Rhynie chert also provides evidence that organisms fed on plants using a "pierce and suck" technique. Many plants of this time are preserved with spine-like growths, which may have had a defensive role.
During the ensuing 75 million years, plants evolved a range of more complex organs – from roots to seeds. There was a gap of 50 to 100 million years between each organ evolving, and it being fed upon. Hole feeding and skeletonization are recorded in the early Permian, with surface fluid feeding evolving by the end of that period.
Co-evolution
Herbivores depend on plants for food, and have evolved mechanisms to get this food despite the evolution of many plant defences. Herbivore adaptations to plant defence have been likened to offensive traits. They are adaptations which allow increased feeding and use of a host plant. Relationships between herbivores and their host plants often results in reciprocal evolutionary change, called co-evolution.
When a herbivore eats, it eats plants that do not mount a sufficient defensive response. This creates the opportunity for plants which can mount a defence. So plants with defences become the more common. In cases where this relationship demonstrates specificity (the evolution of each trait is due to the other), and reciprocity (both traits evolve), the species are thought to have co-evolved.
The "escape and radiation" mechanism for co-evolution is the idea that adaptations in herbivores and their host plants have been the driving force behind speciation. The adaptations have played a role in the radiation of insect species during the age of angiosperms. Some herbivores have evolved ways to hijack plant defences to their own benefit, by sequestering (keeping) these chemicals and using them to protect themselves from predators.
Plants also need animals
Most of the plants which defend their leaves so vigorously nevertheless do need animals. Up to 98% of flowering plants in tropical lowland rain forests rely on animals for pollination and seed dispersal.
Salina, Kansas
Salina is a city in Saline County in the U.S. state of Kansas. It is the county seat of Saline County. In 2010, 47,707 people lived there.
Geography
Salina is at 38.84028°N, -97.61139°W (38.8402805, -97.6114237. It has an elevation of 1224 ft. It is in north-central Kansas at the intersection of Interstate 70 and Interstate 135. It is 81 mi north of Wichita, Kansas, 164 mi west of Kansas City, Missouri, and 401 mi east of Denver, Colorado.
Lingewaal
Lingewaal is a former municipality in the Dutch province of Gelderland. Since 2019, it has been part of the new municipality of West Betuwe.
Salina, Kansas
Geography
Salina is in the Smoky Hills area in the Great Plains. It is close to the Smoky Hills River and the Saline River.
The United States Census Bureau said the city has a total area of 25.15 sqmi. 25.11 sqmi of that is land and 0.04 sqmi is water.
Weather
Salina has a lot of severe thunderstorms, and they can get tornadoes.
Economy
Salina was the first place for Lee Jeans. They opened in 1889.
The biggest employers are:
Media
The Salina Journal is the local newspaper. They publish every day.
Addiction
Addiction is when the body or mind badly wants or needs something in order to work right. When you have an addiction to something it is called being addicted or being an addict. People can be addicted to drugs, cigarettes, alcohol, caffeine, and many other things.
Addiction takes place when the addictive element enters the body. The blood stream moves the element around the body so that it gets to the brain, and makes the person feel that they are enjoying it; then they want more of that substance. This takes place remarkably fast for some addictions such as hashish and cocaine; but all of them control the consumer. Once under this control, the consumer does not have complete free will, and listens to the addiction's bidding.
People can also be addicted to other things which are not drugs. You may hear people talk about being "addicted to the Internet" or "addicted to chocolate" or gambling. This means that they get into a habit of enjoying that thing, so if they have to go without it for a while, they miss it a lot.
Addiction is similar to a major disease like chronic heart disease or perhaps diabetes, but addictions are not taken as seriously as these major diseases. Most people believe addiction to be a lifestyle choice, which it is but it is also part of a person's genetics. While some people can do things and control themselves others cannot due to their genetic makeup. There are ways of helping the addict but this takes the admission of a problem and then proper testing to reveal what kind of treatment is needed.
The American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM) defines addiction as a treatable, chronic medical disease involving complex interactions among brain circuits, genetics, the environment, and an individual's life experiences. People with addiction use substances or engage in compulsive behaviors and often continue despite harmful consequences. Prevention efforts and treatment approaches for addiction are generally as successful as those for other chronic diseases.
Orange River
The Orange River (officially called Oranje) is a river in Southern Africa. It is 2160 km long. It starts in Lesotho, and is the longest river there. For large parts of its course, it forms the border between South Africa and Namibia.
Geography
The Orange river basin extends into South Africa, Namibia, and Botswana. The river starts in the Drakensberg mountains. It passes only through the city of Upington: it does not run through other major cities.
Economic usage
The river is important for the South African economy. Its water is used for irrigation and hydroelectric power. The river was named the Orange River in honor of the Dutch ruling family, the House of Orange, by the Dutch explorer Robert Jacob Gordon.
List of prime ministers of Eswatini
The Prime Minister of Eswatini (Ndvunankhulu) is the main executive and legislative head of the nation of Eswatini. Since the formation of the post of Prime Minister of Swaziland in 1967 to the present day, there has been a total of nine people. There were six acting Prime Ministers. They serve to represent the country and the monarch of the nation.
One person, Barnabas Sibusiso Dlamini, has served on two non-consecutive occasions. Their salary is E926,370 per annum.
The current Prime Minister of Eswatini is Cleopas Dlamini, since 16 July 2021.
Serhii Parkhomenko
Serhii Ihorovych Parkhomenko ( January 14, 1997, Kharkiv —  May 14, 2022, Gulyaipole, Zaporizhzhia oblast) — Ukrainian military serviceman, captain of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, participant in the Russian-Ukrainian war. Hero of Ukraine (2022, posthumous).
Biography
He was born on January 14, 1997 in the city of Kharkiv, in a family of military aviators. Since childhood, he dreamed of the sky and wanted to connect his life with aviation. He graduated from the Ivan Bohun Kyiv Military Lyceum.
At the time when his father Ihor Parkhomenko was performing combat missions in the air during the war with Russian proxyes in eastern Ukraine in 2014, Serhiy entered the flight faculty of the Ivan Kozhedub National Technical University, which he successfully graduated in 2019, having obtained the qualification of a 3rd class pilot.
Following the example of his father and grandfather, Serhii expressed a desire to serve in the tactical aviation brigade named after Lieutenant General Vasyl Nikiforov and to fly Su-25 aircraft. Despite his young age, at the time of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, he already held the position of commander of the aviation unit. Since the first day of repelling the Russian invasion of Ukraine, he has carried out 38 sorties in difficult conditions with enemy air defense and fighter aircraft, during which he destroyed more than 20 enemy tanks, more than 50 armored combat vehicles, 55 vehicles, 20 fuel tanks and several hundred soldiers and officers of the Rashists.
For the courage and patriotism shown during the defense of the Motherland against Russian aggression, by Decree of the President of Ukraine No. 292/2022 dated May 2, 2022 he was awarded the Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky III Class.
Since the hostilities were going on in the region where Serhiy came from, the Hero was buried on May 18, 2022 in Vinnytsia.
Geldermalsen
Geldermalsen is a former municipality in the Dutch province of Gelderland. Since 2019, it has been part of the new municipality of West Betuwe.
Arbedo-Castione
Arbedo-Castione is a municipality of the district of Bellinzona in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.
Bill Finnegan
William Robinson "Bill" Finnegan (June 29, 1928 in Kansas City, Missouri – November 28, 2008 in Sag Harbor, New York) was an American television and movie producer who is well known for his works in The Fabulous Baker Boys, Hawaii Five-O, and Reality Boys. He was a five time Emmy Award nominee. He was born in Kansas City, Missouri on June 29, 1928. He died from Parkinson's disease in Sag Harbor, New York on November 28, 2008, aged 80.
AR-15 style rifle
The Federal Assault Weapons Ban made it harder for the sale of the Colt AR-15 and some versions of them in the United States from 1994 to 2004, although it did not affect rifles with fewer listed features.
Nicotine
Nicotine is a drug in tobacco cigarettes, cigars, pipe tobacco, chewing tobacco, vaping liquids and some e-cigarettes. Nicotine is an addictive stimulant that causes the heart to beat faster and makes blood pressure rise. It can also make a person feel less hungry and speeds up the metabolism. These effects can be very unhealthy. Many people who use tobacco products want to quit but have a hard time quitting. It is one of the most addictive chemicals that is widely consumed by humans. It can be as addictive as heroin or cocaine.
Nicotine is named after Jean Nicot. Nicot was a French ambassador in Portugal. In 1560 he sent tobacco seeds to Paris for analysis (as a drug).
Besides the treatment of nicotine dependency, it seems that the drug can also be used to treat special (severe) forms of epilepsy, as well as some other diseases.
Cigarette
The amount of nicotine in one cigarette varies greatly. Factors which influence the amount include type of tobacco; brand of cigarette; and country or region (some markets restrict maximum average nicotine levels). Different ways of smoking a cigarette influence how much nicotine gets into the smoker.
Legislation
Tobacco products and electronic cigarettes, the most popular form of nicotine worldwide, have become a public health concern. Leading to an increase in countries' governments' and public health organizations' efforts to regulate its use and sales. With 30 countries currently having banned the purchase of any form of these products. Since 2022 legislation against e-cigarettes is on the rise as more studies are released. A large contributor to this was the World Health Organization's concerns raised about how secondhand smoke affects children in the home. Highlighting the potential risks of exposure to nicotine, which is known to cause issues in brain development and lead to anxiety disorders, among other health problems. While e-cigarettes have been marketed as a safer alternative to traditional cigarettes, there is still much debate about the potential risks and benefits of these products. As nicotine percentages are higher on average in many forms of e-cigarettes compared to traditional tobacco products.
Steve Rucchin
Steven Andrew Rucchin (born July 4, 1971 in Thunder Bay, Ontario) is a Canadian retired ice hockey centre.
Kawachi Province
Kawachi Province (河内国) was a old province of Japan in the area of Osaka Prefecture on the island of Honshū.
History
Kawachi province was established in the 7th century. In the 8th century, Izumi was separated from the older province during the reign of Empress Genshō.
Shrines and Temples
Hiraoka jinja was the chief Shinto shrine (ichinomiya) of Kawachi. The shrine is located in Higashiōsaka.
Wheeling Tunnel
Good
The Wheeling Tunnel is a pair of tunnels in Wheeling, Ohio County, West Virginia. The tunnels allow Interstate 70 and U.S. Route 250 to go through Wheeling Hill. Each tunnel has two lanes of each road.
The tunnel is run by the West Virginia Division of Highways. Opened in 1966, the Wheeling Tunnel cost $6.9 million to build. It was rebuilt between 2007 and 2010 for $13.7 million. In 2009, an average of 59,600 cars used the tunnel every day.
Overview
The Wheeling Tunnel is between exits 1A and 1B on Interstate 70 and U.S. Route 250. These two highways use the same road through the city of Wheeling to go through Wheeling Hill. People who need to use exit 1A at the western end of the tunnels use the tunnels' right lanes as acceleration (speeding up) and deceleration (slowing down) lanes. Changing lanes is not allowed inside the tunnel.
Making the tunnel
A total of 13,000 square feet (1,200 m2) of industrial tile was used to cover the inside of the tunnels. The tunnels cost $6.9 million (which is the same as $0 million in 2023) to build. The then-governor of West Virginia, William Wallace Barron, and the state roads commissioner started construction on the tunnel on August 22, 1963. Barron said it was the largest single building project in the state's Interstate Highway program. The state gave the construction contract to C.J. Langenfelder & Son, Inc. in Baltimore, Maryland. During construction, several workers became sick after breathing a lot of carbon monoxide. As a result, the company stopped construction in 1964 until fans were installed. The tunnel officially opened to traffic on December 7, 1966.
Rebuilding the tunnel
The West Virginia Division of Highways began planning to rebuild the tunnel in 2005. Rebuilding began in January 2007. The plan allowed three months for the work. However, rebuilding of the eastbound tunnel took over eleven months. There were problems with the glue that attached the tiles to the tunnel wall. Problems with drains in the tunnel also caused delays. Workers found a coal mine in the tunnel. This also delayed the project.
Local officials suggested closing the tunnels because of these problems. They planned to just build a road over Wheeling Hill instead. Building the new road would have removed at least fifty families from their homes. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) was against this plan because those people's houses would be destroyed. The state canncelled the plan for the new road. Rebuilding of the eastbound tunnel started again in July 2008.
During this rebuilding of the eastbound tunnel, the westbound tunnel was only closed overnight for rebuilding. New guard rails, fire sprinklers, and security cameras were added. The whole tunnel was also cleaned very well. Workers put a new road surface in the tunnel. A German tile maker replaced the tiles. The German company got the contract because no other company could finish the work on time. The company finished rebuilding the eastbound tunnel on October 31, 2008. The state closed the westbound tunnel in February 2010. It opened a month ahead of schedule in September 2010. The total cost of the project was over double the original plan. It totaled $13.7 million because of the delays.
Niko Verona
Niko Verona (stage name), whose real name is Maciej Zamiatowski (b. Warsaw, March 5, 1985) is a polish actor based in spain whose career includes television, theater and cinema. Known for his character as Cachopo in Sky Rojo and as Tomás in the feature film Standard.
George Peter Alexander Healy
George Peter Alexander Healy (1813–1894) was an American painter. He is mostly known for the portraits he made,
He made portraits of Daniel Webster, Henry Clay, John C. Calhoun, Arnold Henri Guyot, William H. Seward and Louis Philippe. He also made portraits of the US presidents from John Quincy Adams bis Ulysses S. Grant. His works also include The Peacemakers (1868) and Abraham Lincoln (1869).
He died, aged 80, on June 24, 1894 in Chicago.
Jim McIntyre
James 'Jim' McIntyre (born 24 May 1972 in Alexandria, West Dunbartonshire) is a Scottish footballer who is currently player-manager for Dunfermline Athletic in the Scottish First Division.
Secession
Secession (independence) usually means when part of one country declares its independence and breaks away or leaves that country to start a new country.
Constitutions of countries may include articles that either legally forbid or allow secession of part of the country. Most national constitutions, which have articles about secession, forbid it, but a few constitutions, such as the constitutions of the former Soviet Union, the former Yugoslavia, and Ethiopia allow the secession of their republics.
A secession attempt might be violent or peaceful.
Violent examples include the secession of the 11 southern states, which formed the Confederate States, from the United States and led to the failed American Civil War, and the Bangladesh Liberation War of East Pakistan (Bangladesh), which succeeded against West Pakistan.
Peaceful examples include the secession of the Soviet republics from the Soviet Union, which led to the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
Threats of secession can be a strategy for achieving more limited goals such autonomy or more devolved powers from the national government of the country.
Examples of giving more delvolved powers to prevent their secession include Quebec, Scotland and Flanders.
2021–22 Bundesliga
The 2021–22 Bundesliga was the 59th season of the Bundesliga, Germany's premier football competition. It began on 13 August 2021 and ended on 14 May 2022.
The fixtures were announced on 25 June 2021.
Bayern Munich were the defending champions and successfully defended their title, winning their record-extending 10th consecutive title and 32nd title overall (31st in the Bundesliga era) on 23 April with three matches to spare.
Teams
A total of eighteen teams will participate in the 2021–22 edition of the Bundesliga.
Stadiums and locations
1 SC Freiburg played their first three home matches at the Dreisamstadion before permanently moving to the Europa-Park Stadion.
Relegation play-offs
The relegation play-offs will take place on 19 and 23 May 2022.
Overview
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Matches
All times Central European Summer Time (UTC+2)
Communes of the Loire department
The following is a list of the 327 communes of the Loire département, in France.
Alajuela Province
Alajuela is a province of Costa Rica. It is in the north-central part of the country, bordering Nicaragua. The provincial capital is the city of Alajuela.
Villars, Loire
Villars is a small village in France near Saint-Priest-en-Jarez.
Alajuela Province
Location
The Alajuela province borders the provinces of Heredia to the east, San José to the south, Puntarenas to the southwest and Guanacaste to the west. Nicaragua is to the north of the province.
Geography
Alajuela is the third largest province of Costa Rica, after the Puntarenas and Guanacaste provinces, with an area of 9757.53 km2.
The province is in the western part of the Central Valley and is crossed by the Cordillera Central ("Central mountain range) and the volcanic Cordillera de Guanacaste ("Guanacaste mountain range). In the northern part, along the border with Nicaragua, are the plains of the San Carlos and Frío rivers.
Two of the most active Costa Rican volcanoes are in this province: the Poás, 2708 m high, and the Arenal, 1630 m high.
Transistor
The transistor can be used for a variety of different things including amplifiers and digital switches for computer microprocessors. Digital work mostly uses MOSFETs. Some transistors are individually packaged, mainly in order to handle high power. Most transistors are inside integrated circuits.
Alajuela Province
Demographics
The people of the province are known as Alajuelenses, both men and women.
Transistor
How they work
Transistors have three terminals: the gate, the drain, and the source (on a bipolar transistor, the wires can be called the emitter, the collector, and the base). When the source (or emitter) is connected to the negative terminal of the battery, and the drain (or collector) to the positive terminal, no electricity will flow in the circuit (if you have only a lamp in series with the transistor). But when power flows through the gate (or base), the transistor will allow electricity through. This is because when the gate is positively charged, the positive electrons will push other positive electrons in the transistor letting the negative electrons flow through. The transistor can also work when the gate is just positively charged, so it doesn't need to be touching the drain.
Alajuela Province
Demographics
The Alajuela province had a population, in 2011, of 848,146, for a population density of inhabitants/km2. The canton of Alajuela, with 254,886 inhabitants, is the canton with more inhabitants.
Transistor
Visualization
An easy way to think of how a transistor works is as a hose with a sharp bend that stops the water from going through. The water is the electrons, and when you positively charge the gate, it unbends the hose, letting water flow. The basic Darlington transistor circuit is formed from two bipolar transistors wired emitter to base so they act as one transistor. One of the transistors is connected so that it controls the current to the base of the other transistor. This means that you can control the same amount of current with a very small amount of current going into the base.
Alajuela Province
Demographics
Evolution of the population in Alajuela
Transistor
Uses
When the gate of a P-channel MOSFET is positively charged, electricity will flow through, this is useful for electronics that require a switch to be turned on, making it an electronic switch. This rivals the mechanical switch, which requires a constant force pressing on it.
Alajuela Province
Administrative divisions
The Alajuela province is divided in 15 cantons, which are divided into 113 Districts.
Economy
The main economic activity in the province is farming. In the southern part of the province, tropical ornamentals, coffee, tubers, and Leaf vegetables are the major crops. Toward the north and northeast, rice, corn, pineapple, bananas, and sugarcane are important crops.
There is also an important cattle raising industry in the province, mainly in the San Carlos canton.
Alajuela has attracted many export-orientated manufacturing companies, especially within the free trade zones around the municipality of Alajuela.
Transistor
Uses
In a MOSFET used as an amplifier, transistors take the flow of the drain and source, and since the source current is so much larger than the drain's current, it is common for the drain's current to rise to the value of the sources, amplifying it.
Materials
Transistors are made of semiconductor chemical elements, usually silicon, which belongs to the modern Group 14 (formerly Group IV) in the periodic table of elements. Germanium, another group-14 element, is used together with silicon in specialized transistors. Researchers are also studying transistors made from special forms of carbon. Transistors can be also made from compounds like gallium arsenide.
History
The transistor was not the first three terminal device. The triode served the same purpose of the transistor 50 years earlier. Vacuum tubes were important in household technology before transistors. Unfortunately, tubes were big and fragile, used a lot of power, and didn't last very long. The transistor solved these problems.
Three physicists were credited with the invention of the transistor in 1947: Walter H. Brattain, John Bardeen, and William Shockley who contributed the most.
Importance
The transistor is a very important component today. If not for the transistor, devices such as cell phones and computers would be very different, or they might have not been invented at all. Transistors have been made very small (dozens of atoms wide) so that billions of them can be put into a small computer chip.
The Hollywood Reporter
The Hollywood Reporter is an American magazine.
Schwarzhofen
Schwarzhofen is a municipality in Schwandorf in Bavaria, Germany.
Neighbouring communities
The neighbouring communities clockwise: Niedermurach, Dieterskirchen, Neunburg vorm Wald, Altendorf.
34th Street–Hudson Yards station
34th Street Hudson Yards station is a station on the IRT Flushing Line of the New York City Subway. It can be found at the West Side at the intersection of 34th Street and 11th Avenue. It is served by the 7 train. This station is for 7 trains. After this station, the next station will be Times Square 42nd Street. Above the station is the Hudson Yards Neighborhood and Hudson Yards Redevelopment. This station is on 34th Street Between 10th Avenue and 11th Avenue. It can be found on the West Side of Manhattan.
Zofingen
Zofingen is a city in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland. It is the capital of the district of Zofingen.
John Francis Winslow
John Francis Winslow (December 19, 1802 – July 7, 1874) was an American soldier and politician.