cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Saint Peter
Saint and Pope
Tradition also locates his burial place where St. Peter's Basilica was later built, in Vatican City.
Lewis chessmen
They may be some of the few complete, surviving medieval chess sets. They are owned and exhibited by the British Museum in London, which has 67 of the original pieces, and the National Museum of Scotland in Edinburgh, which has the other 11 pieces.
A newly identified piece, a "warder", the equivalent of a castle or rook, was sold at auction for £735,000 in July 2019. It was also bought by the British Museum. Four other major pieces, and many pawns, are still missing from the chess sets.
The pieces are figurative, like modern sets, and unlike the abstract Arabic pieces. The set has made the transition to European figures, which lasts to the present day. In particular, the arrival of a female figure is a departure from the Indo-Arabic game, and the figure of a bishop is also significant.
Origin
The chessmen were probably made in Norway, perhaps by craftsmen in Trondheim, in the 12th century, although some scholars have suggested other sources in the Nordic countries. During that period the Outer Hebrides, and many other Scottish islands, were ruled by Norway.
There is a broken queen piece in a similar style from an excavation of the archbishop's palace, similar carving in Nidaros Cathedral in Trondheim, the excavation in Trondheim of a kite-shaped shield similar to shields on some of the pieces and a king piece of similar design found on Hitra Island, near the mouth of Trondheim Fjord. Woolf has said that the armour worn by the chess figures includes "perfect" reproductions of armour worn at the time in Norway.
Another suggestion is that the chessmen originated in Iceland. It is not possible to decide between Norway and Iceland on the evidence available, and the date of the set is also somewhat uncertain.
Some historians believe that the Lewis chessmen were hidden (or lost) after some mishap occurred during their carriage from Norway to rich Norse towns on the east coast of Ireland, like Dublin. The large number of pieces and their lack of wear may suggest they were the stock of a trader or dealer in such pieces. With the chess pieces, there were 14 plain round tablemen for the game of tables and one belt buckle, all made of ivory, making a total of 93 artifacts.
Exhibition and ownership
After their discovery by Malcolm Macleod in 1831 they were sold on, and shown at a meeting of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. The chessmen were soon after split up, with 10 being purchased by Kirkpatrick Sharpe and the rest (67 chessmen and 14 tablemen) were purchased on behalf of the British Museum in London.
Kirkpatrick Sharpe later found another bishop to take his collection up to eleven, all of which were later sold. Eventually they were bought by the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, who donated them to the Royal Museum in Edinburgh. The eleven are now on display in the National Museum of Scotland.
The pieces given to the British Museum still exist, and most can be found in Room 42 with the registration numbers M&ME 1831, 11–1.78–159. Some have been lent to Scottish museums and temporary exhibitions. A range of resin replicas are popular items in the Museum shops.
The chessmen were number 5 in the list of British archaeological finds selected by experts at the British Museum for the 2003 BBC Television documentary Our Top Ten Treasures. They feature in the 2010 BBC Radio 4 series A History of the World in 100 Objects as number 61, in the "Status Symbols" section.
An exhibition entitled "The Lewis Chessmen: Unmasked" that included chesspieces from both the Museum of Scotland and the British Museum collections, along with other relevant objects, toured Scotland in 2010/11.
Kenneth II
Kenneth II (c. 932 - 995) was King of Scotland from 971 until 995.
Maol Choluim II, Earl of Fife
Maol Choluim II, anglicised to Malcolm II (d. 1266) was one of the people involved in the famous coronation of Alexander III in 1249, he reigned as Earl of Fife from 1228 until 1266.
Borås
Borås is a town in the county of Västra Götaland in Sweden. It is the seat of Borås Municipality.
Deinococcus–Thermus
Deinococcus–Thermus is a phylum of extremophile bacteria that are highly resistant to environmental hazards.
Colroy-la-Roche
Colroy-la-Roche is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.
Sarcohyla cyclada
The tan-edged tree frog (Sarcohyla cyclada) is a frog that lives in Mexico. Scientists have seen it in cloud forests between 1600 and 2180 meters above sea level, in pine and oak forests at 2370 and 2670 meters above sea level, and in cloud forest and oak and madroño forests between 2121 and 2568 meters above sea level.
This frog changes color. At night, the skin on its back is a very light brown and yellow-brown toward its rear end. During the day, its skin is brown with green marks and green-brown toward its rear end. It has webbing on all four feet, more on the back feet than on the front feet.
Herpetologist Duellman says this frog is related to frogs in the Hyla miotympanum group.
Khairpur District
Administration
The district has eight Talukas (counties):
VX Sagittarii
VX Sagittarii, also known as HIP 88838, is a red hypergiant star with a diameter pulsating between 1.120 and 1.940 times greater than Sun, a luminosity between 3.200 and 3.400 degrees Kelvin. The star has a pulsation period of 732 days and is located 1.5 kiloparsecs away from the Earth. Older studies frequently higher luminositoes.
Cosswiller
Cosswiller is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.
Japanese Air Force One
The Japanese Air Force One（日本国政府専用機）and Japanese Air Force Two are the radio callsigns of the two Boeing 777-300ER aircraft used by the government of Japan for overseas travel by the Emperor, Prime Minister and other high-ranking officials. Each aircraft has a capacity of 140 passengers and can be used for emergency evacuations of Japanese citizens and overseas deployment of Japan Self-Defense Forces personnel. The aircraft are operated by the Japan Air Self-Defense Force.
Toronto Symphony Orchestra
The Toronto Symphony Orchestra is a Canadian orchestra. 400,000 people go to its concerts each year and it is often broadcast over CBC Radio 2. It was formed in 1922. The concerts used to be given in the Massey Hall but since 1982 they have been in the Roy Thomson Hall. The Orchestra often goes on tour and has had some famous conductors.
List of conductors of the TSO:
The TSO's concertmaster now is Jacques Israelievitch.
Masahiro Sakurai
Masahiro Sakurai (桜井政博), (born August 3, 1970) is a video game designer who worked at HAL Laboratory from 1991 to 2003. Sakurai is the creator of game franchises, Kirby and Super Smash Bros. He founded Sora Ltd in 2005.
Lone Wolf, Oklahoma
Lone Wolf is a town of Oklahoma in the United States.
Liberty Island
Liberty Island is a small uninhabited island in the New York Harbor in the United States. It is best known as the location of the Statue of Liberty. In 1937, by proclamation 2250, President Franklin D. Roosevelt expanded the Statue of Liberty National Monument to include all of Bedloe's Island. In 1956, an act of Congress officially renamed Bedloe's Island, 'Liberty Island'.
Radioresistance
Radioresistance is a property of some living things. It means they can resist the effects of gamma radiation, ultra-violet radiation, and similar types of radiation. A good example is the bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans. It has enzymes which repair the DNA strands which have been split by the radiation.
Cronay
Cronay is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.
Naushahro Feroze District
Naushahro Feroze District (ضلع نوشہرو فیروزے) is a district in the province of Sindh,  Pakistan.
Chépy
Chépy is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
Worcester Sharks
The Worcester Sharks are an American professional ice hockey team that began playing in 2006. They currently play in the American Hockey League and are the farm team of the San Jose Sharks of the NHL. They play their home games in Worcester, Massachusetts at the DCU Center. Their ECHL affiliate team is the Stockton Thunder.
Crastatt
Crastatt is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.
Joe Pepitone
Joseph Anthony Pepitone (October 9, 1940 – March 13, 2023) was a Major League Baseball first baseman and outfielder. His playing career lasted from 1962 until 1973. He was known for playing for the New York Yankees, Chicago Cubs, Houston Astros and the Atlanta Braves.
Pepitone died at his daughter's home in Kansas City, Missouri on March 13, 2023, at the age of 82.
Indira Stefanianna
Indira Stefanianna (born Indira Stefanianna Christopherson; December 15, 1946), also credited as Indira Danks, Stefanianna Christopherson, and Indira Stefanianna, is an American singer and actress. She is best known for her role as the original voice of Daphne Blake on Scooby-Doo, Where Are You! during its first (1969) season.
Toronto Marlies
The Toronto Marlies are a Canadian professional ice hockey team that began playing in 2005. They currently play in the American Hockey League and are the farm team of the Toronto Maple Leafs of the NHL. They play their home games in Toronto, Ontario at the Ricoh Coliseum. Their ECHL affiliate team is the Reading Royals.
Matthew Charlton
Matthew Charlton (15 March 1866 – 8 December 1948) was an Australian politician. He served as the leader of the Australian Labor Party and the Leader of the Opposition from January 1922 to March 1928. He was a member of the House of Representatives from 1910 to 1928. He also served two terms as a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly (1903–1904, 1904–1910).
Apocalypse (miniseries)
Apocalypse is a canceled computer-animated hollywood miniseries produced by Netflix Animation, SpindleHorse Toons, Blur Studio and broadcast on Netflix. The miniseries would be a loose adaptation of first part of the End Times Biblical Chronology popularly known as the Principle of Sorrows, a social criticism that explores the iceberg of contemporary society, the first installment of Gibsonverso and directed by Carlos Saldanha in his directorial debut of television.
Matthew Charlton
Charlton was born in Linton, Victoria. He grew up in Newcastle, New South Wales. He married Martha Rollings in 1889. He had two children. He died on 8 December 1948 in Lambton, New South Wales, at the age of 82.
Angermünde
Angermünde is a town in Uckermark in Brandenburg, Germany. It is about 69 km northeast of Berlin, the nation's capital. About 14,000 people live there.
Syracuse Crunch
The Syracuse Crunch are an American professional Ice hockey team that began playing in 1994. They currently play in the American Hockey League and are the farm team of the Anaheim Ducks of the NHL. They play their home games in Syracuse, New York at the War Memorial at Oncenter. Their ECHL affiliate team is the Elmira Jackals.
War Horse (novel)
War horse is a book originally written by Michael Morpurgo. The book has become very popular around the world. The book is about a horse who finds a new home with a loving caring family and is sent to war to become a war horse.
San Antonio Rampage
The San Antonio Rampage are an American professional ice hockey team that began playing in 2002. They currently play in the American Hockey League and are the farm team of the Phoenix Coyotes of the NHL. They play their home games in San Antonio, Texas at the AT&T Center. Their ECHL affiliate team is the Las Vegas Wranglers.
Mons-Boubert
Mons-Boubert is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
Acute coronary syndrome
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a syndrome (a set of signs and symptoms) caused by low blood flow in the coronary arteries such that part of the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain.
Crœttwiller
Crœttwiller is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.
Halina Rubinsztein-Dunlop
Halina Rubinsztein-Dunlop FAA is a physicist and academic at the University of Queensland. She has led pioneering work in atom optics, laser micromanipulation, laser physics, linear and nonlinear high resolution spectroscopy, and nano-optics.
Halina Rubinsztein (later Rubinsztein-Dunlop) was born in Poland. She emigrated to Sweden and took her B.Sc. and PhD degree from the University of Gothenburg.
Career
Rubinsztein-Dunlop moved to Australia in 1989, after her marriage to engineer Gordon Dunlop. She joined the staff of the Department of Physics at the University of Queensland. Rubinsztein-Dunlop established a research team that conducted research in laser physics. In 1995, she and a colleague established a Science in Action program, that was used to outreach educational programs for schools relating to the physical sciences.
Rubinsztein-Dunlop was appointed Professor of physics in 2000. She became Head of the University of Queensland Department of Physics, and later School of Mathematics and Physics from 2006-2013. She is Director of Quantum Science Laboratory and Manager of one of the scientific programs of the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems. She initiated experimental programs in laser micromanipulation and atom optics at the University of Queensland. Her team was successful in demonstrating dynamical tunnelling in the Bose Einstein Condensate (BEC) Laboratory in a modulated standing wave. Rubinzstein-Dunlop's team has observed dynamical tunnelling in quantum chaotic systems.
Rubinsztein-Dunlop was made a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science in 2016.
Rubinsztein-Dunlop was awarded with an Order of Australia (AO) in the 2018 Queen’s Birthday Honours List for "distinguished service to laser physics and nano-optics as a researcher, mentor and academic, to the promotion of educational programs, and to women in science".
Published works
Rubinsztein-Dunlop has published over 200 works in journals and books. She has also featured on radio and television.
Land mine
A land mine (called a "mine" when a naval mine is clearly not what is meant) is an explosive weapon that is put on the ground or just underneath the ground so that it explodes when a person or vehicle goes by. They are called "mines" because people who put them there often dig a tunnel under the ground (like miners who dig for coal etc.). Many people can be killed by mines, including civilian s. Sometimes mines can lie in the ground and kill and injure people years after a war has ended. There are different types of land mines. Big anti-vehicle mines are against vehicles. Smaller infantry mines are used against foot soldiers.
Houston Aeros
The Houston Aeros were an American professional ice hockey team that played from 1994 to 2013 in the American Hockey League. They played in Houston, Texas at the Toyota Center.
On April 19, 2013, it was announced that the team would move to Des Moines, Iowa at the beginning of the 2013–14 AHL season and would be known as the Iowa Wild.
Authority
Authority is the ability of a person or an organization to conduct a certain lifestyle for another person or a group. Authority is known as one of the basis of society and stands against cooperation. Adopting lifestyle patterns as a result of authority is called obedience and authority as a concept includes most leadership cases.
Authority is made by a certain social power. This power might be materialistic (such as a threat to harm someone) or fictitious (such as belief in a certain person's power). The power exists because of the possible use of sanction : An action who harms a person who's not obeying the authority or threatening it in order to conduct a social power.
Authority may exists in a direct way by virtue of an actual power (such as a threat of imprisonment), which is called "forcing", or by legitimization that the subject gives to the authority (such as recognition of aristocratic authority). In most cases both types exist.
Only a few authorities are based on physical power, most are based on an organizational authority system. In this way, the authoritys ability to act depends on her existence.
For example: the authority of a state leader takes part when there is some sort of a police that punishes individuals that do not obey him. The policeman are subordinated to the leader and his rules because they are also under the police threat. If all citizens of the state choose to deny the leader and his rules, the authority will be lost, but the very fact that the authority semi-exists allowes it to be full.
Obedience
Theoretically, violation of the authority drags with it a sanction or punishment that's given by the authority owner. The severity of the sanction and the threat it presents are based on the particular social situation, on the balance of power, on the local norms and so on.
Stanley Milgram was a psychologist who was interested in obedience. He designed an experiment to measured how willing people were to do what an authority figure told them to do. The experiment had three participants. The person running the experiment told one participant, the volunteer, to pretend to be a teacher. Another participant was an actor, but the volunteer didn't know this. The actor's role was to be the teacher's student. The actor and the volunteer were separated with a wall. The person running the experiment told the volunteer to test their "student"'s ability to remember pairs of words. When the teacher's "student" remembered a pair of words incorrectly, the experimenter told the teacher to give the student an electric shock from an electroshock generator. The electric shocks were not real, but the volunteer did not know this. Every time the student got a question wrong, the voltage of the shock went up by 15 volts. In Milgram's first set of experiments, 65% of the volunteers gave the highest shock. It was 450 volts. Milgram had two theories for why he got the results he did.
Criticism
Many people criticize people in authority, and some even criticize the existence of authority. Anarchism is a philosophy that opposes all forms of authority.
Born to Run (Bruce Springsteen song)
"Born to Run" is a rock music song by Bruce Springsteen. The song is on Springsteen's 1975 album, Born to Run. The song was recorded on August 1974. It became one of the biggest hits of his career. Rolling Stone ranked the song 21st on their list of "The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time".
Magherafelt
Magherafelt is a small town in Northern Ireland, in the United Kingdom.
Population facts
On 29 April 2001 the United Kingdom government had a census and found that there were 8,372 people living in Magherafelt. They also found that:
Ageusia
Ageusia is the loss of taste functions of the tongue, particularly the inability to detect sweetness, sourness, bitterness, saltiness, and umami (meaning "pleasant/savory taste"). It is sometimes confused with anosmia – a loss of the sense of smell. Because the tongue can only feel texture and differentiate between sweet, sour, bitter, salty, and umami, most of what we think of as the sense of taste actually comes from smell. Ageusia is a lot rarer than hypogeusia – a partial loss of taste – and dysgeusia – a distortion or change of taste.
Magherafelt
Other websites
Magherafelt
Ageusia
Causes
The main causes of taste disorders are head trauma, infections of upper respiratory tract, exposure to toxic substances, causes relating to illness caused by medical examination or treatment, medicines, glossodynia ("burning mouth syndrome (BMS)") and COVID-19.
Diagnosis
Aguesia is diagnosed by an otolaryngologist, who can look at a patient's loss of taste. To do this, a specialist will look into any other factors that could be causing the loss of taste, such as examining the head, nose, ears, and mouth. An otolaryngologist can also do of tests to assess the how bad the loss of taste is, which includes seeing specific tastes that a person can sense or recognize.
Festival Song
"Festival Song" is the fourth and last single single off American pop punk band Good Charlotte's album Good Charlotte. The song was released in 2001.
Joel Madden of Good Charlotte said that the song was about the HFStival, which is a rock festival. He explained: "'I grew up coming to the HFStival. . . I wrote this song about being here, how we wanted to quit our jobs to be in a band. We have all our friends, the fans and the radio support right here.'"
Hedgehog
A hedgehog, also called a hedgepig or furze-pig, is a small mammal. It has between 5000 and 7000 spines on its back. There are hedgehogs in Europe, Asia, Africa, and New Zealand. When attacked or threatened, it curls up. Hedgehogs eat insects, snails, frogs and toads, snakes, bird eggs, carrion, mushrooms, berries and melons. Sometimes, hedgehogs will search for earthworms after rainstorms.
Hedgehogs are nocturnal animals and they hibernate between November and March.
Description
Hedgehogs have long spines, or quills, made of keratin. They do not come off easily, unlike porcupines, but in baby hedgehogs, the baby quills drop off and are replaced with adult quills. This is called "quilling". When they are very stressed or sick, their quills can fall off, too. Their quills are not poisonous: they are safe for humans to feel and touch, as they are not very sharp, or harmful.
Pets
Some people keep hedgehogs as pets. African pygmy hedgehogs are the most common type that are kept as pets. They live 2–4 years in captivity. Hedgehogs are exotic pets, which means they may not be legal to keep as pets in some places.
False titles of nobility
False titles of nobility are titles of nobility which are fake. They have been invented or taken by a person or family. They are not recognised by the present or past government of the country.
There are a number of schemes that pretend to confer or sell such titles. They have flourished by use of the internet.
Self-styled titles
In monarchies, genuine titles do exist. But they may no longer be recognised by a successor state (such as a republic). Such is the case with French titles, for example. Formerly noble families often still use their old titles, and this is generally acceptable in that society. The title is borne or claimed by a hereditary heir. That is different from an invented or falsely-attributed noble title which is claimed without any historic basis.
Self-assumption of a title is not necessarily illegal. It depends on the law in the particular country. The bearers of some self-assumed titles do not claim that the titles have been recognized by any nation at any time.
Some individuals, associations or companies pretend to give a legal or official right to a title, to an individual or family. Naturally, this requires a remittance or donation, and hence the transaction may be illegal. Also, pretending to be a titled person with intent to deceive also may be an offence.
Roger Scruton
Sir Roger Vernon Scruton (27 February 1944 – 12 January 2020) was an English philosopher and conservative writer. He held traditionalist conservative views.
He was a regular contributor to the popular media, including The Times, The Spectator, and the New Statesman.
Scruton was born in Buslingthorpe, Lincolnshire, England. He studied at Jesus College, Cambridge. He lived in Brinkworth, Wiltshire, England.
Scruton was diagnosed with terminal lung cancer in July 2019. He died on 12 January 2020 from the disease at his home in Brinkworth at the age of 75.
Portland Pirates
The Portland Pirates were an American professional ice hockey team that played from 1993 to 2016. Throughout this time, they played in the American Hockey League (AHL) and were the farm team of the Buffalo Sabres of the NHL. They played their home games in Portland, Maine at the Cumberland County Civic Center, and won one Calder Cup which was in 1993.
The team left Portland after the 2015–16 season when it was bought by a group from Springfield, Massachusetts. That city had lost its AHL team, the Springfield Falcons, when the team was bought by the owners of the NHL's Arizona Coyotes and moved to Tucson, Arizona, where it now plays as the Tucson Roadrunners. The former Pirates team now plays as the Springfield Thunderbirds.
Geology of Pakistan
The geology of Pakistan encompasses the varied landscapes that make up the land constituting modern-day Pakistan, which are a blend of its geological history, and its climate over the past few million years.
Chua Koon Siong
Chua Koon Siong is a retired weightlifter from Singapore. Chua competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics. He was born on 27 August 1948.
Olla, Louisiana
Olla is a small town in La Salle Parish, Louisiana, United States.
Kurgan, Kurgan Oblast
Kurgan (Курган) is the largest city and the administrative center (capital city) of Kurgan Oblast. It is in the south of the Urals Federal District of Russia. Population: 309,285 (2021 Census),
History
The city was settled between 1659 and 1662 as Tsaryovo Gorodishche (Царёво Городи́ще, meaning Imperial Citadel). It was used as a fortress town against attacks from nomads. It was given city status by Catherine the Great in 1782 as Kurgan. Its present name came from a large kurgan (burial mound) close to the city.
Economy and military
Kurgan is on the Trans-Siberian Railway line, between Yekaterinburg and Omsk. It has two railway stations and the Kurgan Airport. It was home to the Kurgan West air base during the Cold War. It is also home to Russian Ilizarov Scientific Center for Restorative Traumatology and Orthopaedics, KAvZ autobus plant, and the machine building company Kurganmashzavod which produces the widely known BMP-1, BMP-2 and BMP-3 infantry fighting vehicles.
Battle of Marais des Cygnes
The Battle of Marais des Cygnes was a battle during Price's Missouri Raid in the American Civil War. It happened on October 25, 1864, in Linn County, Kansas. It is also called the Battle of Osage, or the Battle of Trading Post. It was the first of three related actions on the same day. All three of those actions involved elements of Major General Sterling Price's Confederate Army of Missouri, and the Union's Provisional Cavalry Division commanded by Major General Alfred Pleasonton.
Kurgan, Kurgan Oblast
Climate
Kurgan has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfb). It has cold winters and warm summers.
Iowa County, Wisconsin
Iowa County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of 2000, 22,780 people lived there. Its county seat is Dodgeville. It is also the largest city in the county.
Kurgan, Kurgan Oblast
Twin towns and sister cities
Kurgan is twinned with:
References
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Iowa County, Wisconsin
Iowa County is part of the Madison Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Geography
The county has a total area of 768 sqmi. Of this, 763 sqmi is land and 5 sqmi (0.70%) is water.
Cities, villages, and towns
• Arena (village)
• Avoca (village)
• Barneveld (village)
• Brigham (town)
• Clyde (town)
• Cobb (village)
• Dodgeville (town)
• Dodgeville (city)
• Eden (town)
• Highland (town)
• Highland (village)
• Hollandale (village)
• Linden (town)
• Linden (village)
• Livingston (village)
• Mifflin (town)
• Mineral Point (town)
• Mineral Point (city)
• Montfort (village)
• Moscow (town)
• Muscoda (village) partial
• Pulaski (town)
• Rewey (village)
• Ridgeway (town)
• Ridgeway (village)
• Waldwick (town)
• Wyoming (town)
Berlin Anhalter Bahnhof
Berlin Anhalter Bahnhof was one of the most important train stations in Berlin in the 20th century. Today there is the underground station with the same name in Berlin.
Before the World War II, the station had connections to central and southern Germany, Austria and Italy. The station building was damaged in the Bombing of Berlin in World War II. The remains were demolished in 1959 even after public protests.
The "Anhalter Bahnhof" associated Berlin with the Princely or Duchy of Anhalt, today part of the federal state Saxony-Anhalt.
Vattenfall Cyclassics
The Vattenfall Cyclassics is a cycling race held every year in Hamburg, Germany.
It started as an unimportant race in 1996, but because cycling became very popular in Germany it was made a part of the UCI Road World Cup in 1998. Since 2005, it is a part of the UCI ProTour.
Chest pain
Chest pain is pain or discomfort in the chest, usually in the front of the chest. It may be sharp or heavy pains. It can be caused by heart-related and non-heart-related problems. Pain is caused by not enough blood flow to the heart.
Vattenfall Cyclassics
The route of the race changes, but is about 250 km long. During a number of laps through Hamburg, the Waseberg hill is climbed a several times. The cyclists also race over Hamburg's highest bridge Köhlbrandbrücke. Unlike many races the Cyclassic race almost never ends in a mass sprint, that is, with a lot of riders close together racing to the finish line.
The sponsor of the Cyclassics, was the Hamburg Electrizität Werke, Hamburg electricity plant or "HEW", after it became part of the big "Vattenfall" company the Cyclassic changed its name too, and from 2006 this cycling race has been known as the Vattenfall Cyclassics.
Housing in the United Kingdom
England
There were about 24.9 million dwellings in England in 2021
Boxing gloves
Boxing gloves are giant gloves that boxers wear when fighting. These gloves are used to protect a boxer's hand. Boxing gloves are normally eight to ten ounces in weight. Boxing gloves are used in most forms of boxing. "Bare knuckle boxing" means fighting without wearing gloves.
Housing in the United Kingdom
England
In July 2023 Rishi Sunak announced plans to build homes in city centres and reduce planning restrictions so that a million homes would be built before the next General Election.
Scotland
In 2020 there were about 2.6 million dwellings in Scotland. About 58% were owner-occupied. 4% were empty or second homes. 15% were private rented or rent free. 23% were social rented.
Wales
There has long been resentment of second home owners in Wales, and this is partly because of the effect on prices and partly about protecting the Welsh language. About two hundred holiday homes were burned down in the 1980s and 90s. The Welsh government has altered the planning, property and taxation rules to discourage second homes.
Owner occupation
In 2023, the average price for a home was about £286,500. This was one of the highest prices in Europe. In 1983 it took an average couple three years to save for a deposit. In 2023 it took nine, or 15 in London. 54% got money from their parents. People whose parents did not own their home were much less likely to be able to buy.
Private rented
The number of households in the private rented sector in the UK went up from 2.8 million in 2007 to 4.5 million in 2017. Most of these are people under 40. In 2023 241,000 homes were available for renting, 35% less than in June 2019. Rents went up by 23% in the same time. About 40% of renters had difficulty paying their rent in 2023. On average, renters spent 21% of their disposable income on rent. Most of the landlords have buy-to-let mortgages. Rising interest rates cause them problems. About 100,000 buy-to-let properties were sold in 2022.
Social housing
See Council house
Dachstein, Bas-Rhin
Dachstein is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.
Amadora
Amadora is a city and a municipality in Portugal. The city and municipality has 175,872 people in eleven freguesias (parishes). It has an area of 23.77 square kilometres. It is the most densely populated municipality of Portugal.
It is a suburb of Lisbon, and both cities share the same subway, bus and train network. It is a residential city, and the landscape includes apartments, parks and industrial areas. Amadora also has immigrants from Angola, Cape Verde and Brazil.
Each year, Amadora organizes the Amadora International Comics Festival.
Cheneyville, Louisiana
Cheneyville is a town in Rapides Parish, Louisiana, United States.
Society of St. John the Evangelist
The Society of St. John the Evangelist is an Anglican order. The monks make a vow: They say they want to live in poverty and that they will not marry anyone. The order was founded by Father Richard Meux Benson, an Anglican priest in 1866. Because they were founded in Cowley, near Oxford in England they are also known as the Cowley fathers.
The monks live under The Rule of the Society of Saint John the Evangelist. The monks spend a lot of time in prayer and they also go on missions. They are one of the first monasteries founded after the Protestant Reformation.
The Fellowship of Saint John
The fellowship of the Society of St.John the Evangelist is a group of people who want to live there lives in close a relation with the monks at the society. They give money to the society and pray for the monks there. They make a rule of life that is similar to The Rule of the Society of St.John the Evangelist. There are about 1,000 men and woman who are apart of the fellowship. One of the most famous members is Frank Griswold.
Mambru Went to War
Mambru Went to War (Mambrú se fue a la guerra in Spanish) is a 1986 Spanish dramatic-black comedy movie. Fernando Fernán Gómez both directed and starred in the movie.
Plot
The news of the death of Francisco Franco has special meaning to the family of Florentina. The family includes her daughter Encarna, her son Hilario, and her grandchildren Juanita and Manolín. At the same time, Florentina tells the rest of the family that her husband Emiliano is still alive. He was thought to have died in the Spanish Civil War. He actually spent the time hidden at their family home.
Pope Paul III
Pope Paul III (Paulus Tertius; February 29, 1468 – November 10, 1549), born Alessandro Farnese, was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 221st Pope from 1534 to 1549.
Murmansk
Murmansk (Russian: Му́рманск) is a port city in northwestern Russia. It is located within the Murmansk Oblast. As of 2019, the city has a population of 292,465 people.
Pope Paul III
Cardinal
In 1493, Pope Alexander VI made Farnese a cardinal.
Pope
Cardinal Farnese was elected Pope in 1534; and he chose to be called Paul III.
Murmansk
History
The first Murmansk settlement was founded in 1915. It was founded during World War I so Russia's allies could send supplies to a port that wasn't blocked by ice as Archangelsk and Saint Petersburg were. The location soon had a naval base and port. The settlement became an official city in 1916, and was named Romanov-on-Murman (Russian: Рома́нов-на-Му́рмане, Romanov-na-Murmane). The city was given it's current name on 16 April 1917.
From 1918 to 1920, during the Russian Civil War, the city was occupied by the White army and the Triple Entente.
During World War II, the city was an important link to the Western world for the Soviet Union. They traded supplies during the war. In 1941, the German and Finnish forces launched Operation Silver Fox with the goal of capturing Murmansk. The Soviets defeated the invaders, but Murmansk suffered a lot of destruction.
Murmansk is headquarters of the Northern Fleet of the Russian Navy. During the Cold War it was a center for Soviet submarine activity.
In 1974, a large 36 meter (118 feet) tall monument was built in the city. It is called the Alyosha Monument. It was built in remembrance of all who fought for Murmansk in World War II. On 6 May 1985, Murmansk was formally called a Hero City (which is a title awarded to cities in the Soviet Union that performed outstanding heroism during WW2).
Pope Paul III
Pope
Pope Paul was involved in Italian and European political disputes.
Council of Trent
He convened the Council of Trent in 1545.
Murmansk
History
The Arctic Hotel opened in 1984, and became the tallest building above the Arctic Circle.
Economy
The main industries in Murmansk are fishing, sea transport, rail and road transportation, marine geology, etc.
Demographics
The city's population has been shrinking since 1992. At it's peak, the city had a population of around 489,000 people in 1989. Between 1989 and 1992, more than 28,000 people left the city. This was because of the sudden deterioration in the economic situation.
According to the 2010 census, the ethnic composition is:
In 2016, 16.5% of the population was under 15 years of age, while 54.7% was between 16 and 56, and 28.7% of the population was older than 56. This means that the city has a older population compared to the entire Murmansk Oblast.
Climate
Murmansk has a subarctic climate. This means that the city has long and cold winters and short, cool summers. Murmansk is above the arctic circle, so the city experiences polar nights.
Gothic language
The Gothic language is an extinct Germanic language that was spoken by the Goths. It is the East Germanic language with the most texts surviving today. It had died out by the 8th century or perhaps the early 9th century.
Probably, one of the best known works of the language is Wulfila's translation of the Bible, known as the Wulfila Bible or Gothic Bible or Codex Argenteus. The translation was done in the 3rd century.
Christophe Joseph Marie Dabiré
Christophe Joseph Marie Dabiré (born 27 August 1948) is a Burkinabé politician. He was the Prime Minister of Burkina Faso from 24 January 2019 to 9 December 2021.
Spreeinsel
The Spreeinsel is between Spree and Spreekanal in the Berlin Mitte. It has three parts.
Llanocetus denticrinatus
Llanocetus denticrinatus (“Llano's whale”) is a genus of extinct toothed Baleen whales from the Late Eocene of Antarctica and the Tethys Sea.
Spreeinsel
Middle — Berlin City Cock was there until 1950, it was rebuilt in 2021 for the Humboldt Forum
Southern — Fischer Island
Northern — it was used for gardens till the 19th century, then many museums were built there. Today is known as the Northern Museum Island and has been a World Heritage Site of UNESCO since 1999.
Column (periodical)
A column is a recurring article in a newspaper, magazine or other publication. It is where a writer writes their own opinion in few columns given to them by the newspaper organization. Columns are written by columnists.
Charles Wood
Charles Wood (born Armagh, 15 June 1866; died Cambridge, 12 July 1926) was an Irish composer and teacher.
Charles Wood was born in Armagh, Ireland. His father sang in the Cathedral choir. Charles had music lessons from the cathedral organist, then he went to the Royal College of Music where he studied composition with C.V.Stanford and Hubert Parry. He also learned to play the horn and piano. After four years he went to Selwyn College, Cambridge, at first to study, then to teach harmony and counterpoint. In 1889 he got a teaching job at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge. Soon he became their first Director of Music and Organist. When Stanford died, Wood became Professor of Music at Cambridge.
Wood is mainly remembered today for his Anglican church music. He wrote music for the Communion Service and service settings of the Magnificat and Nunc dimittis. These are often sung today in cathedrals and churches. He wrote many fine anthems including O thou, the central orb. In Cambridge he is remembered for the chimes he wrote for the clocks of Gonville and Caius College.
His pupils included Ralph Vaughan Williams at Cambridge and Herbert Howells at the Royal College of Music.
References
The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, ed. Stanley Sadie ISBN 1-56159-174-2
Ruhleben P.O.W. Camp
Ruhleben P.O.W. Camp was a camp near Berlin, Germany, where British prisoners of war were detained (kept) during World War I. Ruhleben itself was then a village 10 kilometres to the west of Berlin, but now it is part of the city of Berlin, in a district called Ruhleben in the borough of Spandau. The camp was originally a horse racecourse.
Detainees
The detainees (people who were kept there) came from countries that were fighting against Germany in the war. Most of them were British. They were in Germany when the war broke out, which is why they were taken prisoner (detained). Some of them were in Germany because they lived there, others were on holiday at the time. Some of them were crew members of civilian ships that happened to be in German harbours at the time or who were captured at sea.
There were about 5,500 prisoners in the camp. Most of them spent all four years of World War I there. Books have been written about what it was like living in the camp. These include To Ruhleben - And Back by Geoffrey Pyke, who successfully escaped from the camp in 1915.
The detainees were mostly treated quite well. The guards had to obey the Geneva Conventions. Although there were some people who found it very difficult being kept there, many others found lots of things to do to keep themselves occupied. Letters, books, sports equipment and a printing press were all allowed into the camp and the detainees organised their own police force, magazine, library and postal service. Some of the detainees were young people who later became famous. They included the Canadian musician Ernest MacMillan who later became the conductor of the Toronto Symphony Orchestra. MacMillan had been on holiday in Germany to visit the Bayreuth Festival when war broke out. Charles Ellis and James Chadwick later became famous scientists. They used their time in Ruhleben to study. They were able to build a laboratory and do some experiments. There were famous footballers and athletes as well.
The Arts in Ruhleben
A lot of musical activities were organized in the camp. There was a Ruhleben Musical Society. Ernest MacMillan was a member and he gave concerts and lectures. Together with the composer and pianist Benjamin Dale, he played piano duet versions of all Beethoven’s symphonies. The society put on a performance of the Gilbert and Sullivan opera Mikado and a pantomime version of Cinderella. They did not have the music for the Mikado, but someone had the libretto (the words), and four of the musicians wrote the music from what they could remember. They wrote it out for whatever instruments they had in the camp. There was also a Ruhleben Drama Society which put on productions of Shakespeare’s Othello and Twelfth Night and Oscar Wilde’s The Importance of Being Earnest.
Sports at Ruhleben
As well as music and drama, sports also played a big part in the life of the camp detainees. Among the detainees were four people who had been England internationals: Fred Spiksley, Fred Pentland, Samuel Wolstenholme and Steve Bloomer, a Scotland international, John Cameron, a German international Edwin Dutton, and John Brearley, once of Everton and Tottenham Hotspur. There was a Ruhleben Football Association. Sometimes 1,000 detainees watched a game. Cricket, rugby, tennis, golf and boxing were also popular.
End of the war
The detainees were free when the war ended and many of them were taken by ship back to Britain.
Glenmora, Louisiana
Glenmora is a town in Rapides Parish, Louisiana, United States.
Sonic the Hedgehog (character)
Sonic the Hedgehog is a video game character. He is a 15-year old blue hedgehog who can run at the speed of sound. By curling into a ball and spinning quickly, he can do a helpful "Spin Attack" which he uses to defeat the villains and save the day. He has been in many games made by the company Sega, but also in television series, books and comics (published in America by Archie Comics). He has many friends, including Miles "Tails" Prower, a two-tailed fox that can fly by spinning his tails very quickly or Knuckles the Echidna (who is strong, and has been in Sonic games since Sonic the Hedgehog 3). With them, he fights against his nemesis Doctor Eggman, an evil scientist attempting to conquer the world.
In games
Sonic is the mascot of Sega, which created it in the early 1990s. At first, Sega wanted Doctor Eggman to be their mascot, and a good guy. But, the people in Sega liked the new idea of making a blue hedgehog as the mascot. Doctor Eggman settled as the bad guy instead. Sonic’s franchise has grown, and more characters are displayed in games.
Here is a list of some games Sonic is in:
Peter Warlock
Peter Warlock (born London, 30 October 1894; died London, 17 December 1930), was an English composer. “Peter Warlock” was not his real name. His real name was Philip Heseltine. He was also a music critic. When he wrote about music he used his real name, but when he composed music he used the pseudonym (borrowed name) "Peter Warlock", which is the name by which he is usually remembered today.
Life
Philip Heseltine did not come from a musical family. When he was two years old his father died. His mother married again and went back to live in Wales, where she came from. Philip went to school at Eton College.
He was still a teenager when he was introduced to the composer Delius, who lived in France. They became good friends and Philip made piano arrangements of some of Delius’s music. Later he wrote a book about Delius. He studied in Germany for a time, and then at Oxford where he studied classics. He learned about music by teaching himself. He did not fight in World War I. He was a conscientious objector, but also, his health was not good enough for him to be in the army.
He spent most of his life in London, but he did visit Ireland for a year, and also spent three years with his mother in Wales, and four years in Kent where he lived with Ernest Moeran. Heseltine and Moeran often got drunk together. He became friends with the composer Bernard van Dieren whose music influenced him a lot. He also liked poetry from the time of Queen Elizabeth I.