cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
T-ara
2009–2010: Formation and debut
In February 2010, the group re-released their debut album under the title Breaking Heart. The digital release was on February 23. The two lead singles were "Neo Ttaemune Michyeo" (너 때문에 미쳐; "I Go Crazy Because of You") and "Naega Neomu Apa" (내가 너무 아파, "I'm Really Hurt"). Neo Ttaemune Michyeo made it to number one on the Gaon chart and "Naega Neomu Apa" made it to thirty-one. T-ara performed on the same day on M Countdown. They went on to win three awards for "Neo Ttaemune Michyeo". The physical release of the album was March 3. It made it to number two on the weekly Gaon chart and number thirty-five on the yearly chart. T-ara performed "Naega Neomu Apa" on music shows in March and early April 2010.
In July 2010, T-ara added Hwayoung as a seventh member. The stated reason was to give other members some relief from their heavy schedules. It would also allow each member to be away for solo activities from time to time. In November 2010, the group starred in the third season of the reality show Hello Baby. Later that month, T-ara released "Wae Ireoni". It is the lead single for their first extended play, which is called Temptastic. Temptastic was released in December 2010, along with the single, "Yayaya". T-ara performed on Music Bank on December 3 with their new seventh member Hwayoung. They later won awards for "Wae Ireoni" and "Yayaya" on M Countdown.
2011–2012: Increased popularity
In August 2011, T-ara made a limited edition re-issue of John Travolta Wannabe with the title Roly-Poly in Copacabana. The title track is a eurodance remix of "Roly-Poly". It was given the name "Roly-Poly in Copacabana" after the song "Copacabana" which was popular in the 1980's in disco clubs. The album made it to number three on the Gaon chart. The song made it to number forty-five on the Billboard Korea K-Pop Hot 100 chart. The group then performed the song on the Music Bank television show.
T-ara made a Japanese version of "Bo Peep Bo Peep" in September 2011. It made it to number one on the Oricon weekly chart. This made T-ara the first non-Japanese girl group to make it to number one on the Oricon chart. The song also made it to number one on the Billboard Japan Hot 100 chart.
In November 2011, T-ara made their third EP, Black Eyes, which made it to number two on the Gaon charts. The album followed the release of the song "Cry Cry", which made it to number one on the Billboard Korea K-Pop Hot 100. "Cry Cry" also won two first-place awards on M Countdown. The music video for "Cry Cry" had a billion Korean won budget and a thirty-minute drama story line. The group made their second Japanese song, a remake of "Yayaya" from their Temptastic EP, in November. It made it to number seven on the Oricon charts and number six on the Billboard Japan Hot 100.
In December 2011, the group held a three-day concert tour in Tokyo, Nagoya, and Osaka. By the end of the year, T-ara had become the second most popular girl group in Korea. Also in December, T-ara made a ballad with Davichi called "Uri Saranghaetjanha" (우리 사랑했잖아, "We Were in Love"). It was later included on T-ara's Funky Town re-release album. "Uri Saranghaetjanha" made it to number one on the Gaon chart and number two on the Billboard Korea K-Pop Hot 100. Both groups performed the song on SBS's Inkigayo television show.
T-ara re-released Black Eyes under the title Funky Town in January 2012. The album made it to number one on the Gaon weekly chart and number two on the monthly chart. "Lovey-Dovey" was the second single from the album. It made it to number one on both the Gaon and Billboard Korea charts.
In February 2012, Forbes Korea listed T-ara as number 17 in their list of "Top 40 Power Celebrities". In April, Core Contents Media announced that they would add two new members to T-ara. Areum joined T-ara in June 2012, bringing the group to eight members. The second new member was to be Dani, who was 14 years old at the time. While she starred in T-ara's "Day by Day" music video, she did not end up becoming a member.
T-ara made their first Japanese studio album in June 2012 with the title Jewelry Box. It made it to number two on the Oricon weekly albums chart with sales of over 57,000 copies. Following the album release, T-ara held a concert tour in Japan.
In July 2012, T-ara released their fourth extended play (EP), with the title Day by Day. It made it to number five on the Gaon chart. The title track, also called "Day by Day", was released as a single on the same day. It made it to number two on the Gaon chart. On July 7, T-ara performed "Day by Day" live on Music Core with a 70-person orchestra. This was the first time Areum performed with the group.
"Bullying" rumors and return to activity
In late July 2012, T-ara held a concert in Japan. Hwayoung only performed one song due to a leg injury. Afterwards, one member of T-ara tweeted a message about showing determination. Later four of the other members agreed with her. After this Hwayoung and her twin sister (Hyoyoung) tweeted about a "bad person". This lead to rumors of conflict within the group. Some assumed that Hwayoung was being bullied. Soon after, Core Contents Media ended Hwayoung's contract and she left T-ara. The stated reason was that Hwayoung's actions were harming teamwork. The record label claimed that the bullying rumors were not a factor in the decision. The group stated that the rumors were not true but did confirm a conflict between Hwayoung and the others. Due to the rumors, the group put all activity on hold for a time. Their scheduled performances were postponed without a new date planned.
Thomas County, Georgia
Thomas County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 45,798 people lived there. The county seat is Thomasville.
T-ara
"Bullying" rumors and return to activity
In September, T-ara resumed their activity as a group. In that month they released Mirage, which was a re-issue of their Day by Day EP with additional songs. Two of the songs from the EP were also released as singles on the same day. These were "Sexy Love" and "Najgwa Bam (Love All)" (낮과 밤, "Day and Night"). "Sexy Love" made it to number four on the Gaon charts and number three on the Billboard Korea K-pop Hot 100 charts. While the new EP and song were a success, the group’s popularity suffered a drop due to the bullying rumors.
Later in September, T-ara made a Japanese version of "Day by Day". In October, T-ara released a greatest hits album in Japan. They stated that it was in celebration of one year since their Japanese debut. Also in October, T-ara made a Japanese version of "Sexy Love" and traveled to Japan to promote it.
2013–2014: Sub-groups, Again, and And & End
In March 2013, T-ara released their sixth Japanese single, with the title "Bunny Style!" It was their first song made just for the Japanese market. It was released in ten different editions. Each of these included a different second song along with "Bunny Style!" Seven of them had a solo song by one of the T-ara members. Three of them had a song performed by a sub-group (a smaller group formed from members within T-ara). To promote the single, T-ara held special concerts in 10 Japanese cities.
In April, T-ara formed a sub-group with members Eunjung, Hyomin, Jiyeon, and Areum. It was given the name T-ara N4. The sub-group made the song "Jeon Won Diary".
In July 2013, T-ara performed at the Nippon Budokan to celebrate the release of their second Japanese album Treasure Box. That album was announced for August 2013. At the concert, it was announced that Qri would be the new leader of T-ara. T-ara later released the music video "Painkiller" as a digital single. The song was made with T-ara, Davichi, See Ya, 5dolls and SPEED. Jiyeon appeared as the main character in the music video. Also in July, Core Contents Media stated that Areum would be leaving the group "towards the beginning of next year".
In August, T-ara released the music video "Bikini" featuring Davichi and Skull. T-ara then held a concert in Mongolia, along with Davichi, SPEED, and The SeeYa. In October, T-ara performed in Korea for the first time since the bullying rumors. This included their new song "Number 9" along with "Sexy Love". Four days later they released "Number Nine" as part of a mini-album with the title Again.
In December, T-ara performed in Korea with the song "Do You Know Me". They also released a repackaged album titled Again 1977. It contains the most popular songs from Again. The group also released a ballad version of "Do You Know Me". Later in the month, T-ara released the Christmas song, "Hide & Seek". By the end of 2013, T-ara was ranked seventh in by number of top songs in the past decade.
T-ara planned to make China a focus in 2014, with five scheduled concerts. They held the first of these in January, in Chengdu. In February, T-ara held a concert in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, along with SPEED. In March, T-ara performed in Japan and released the singles "Lead The Way" and "LA'booN". They also made their third Japanese album and gave it the title Gossip Girls.
In September 2014, T-ara made their sixth mini album with the title And & End. They released it along with two music videos for the title track, "Sugar Free". The song was inspired by EDM and is part of the big room subgenre of electro house music. On September 24, a remix album was released called EDM CLUB Sugar Free Edition. This included an English version of "Sugar Free". This was the first song T-ara recorded in English.
In October 13, T-ara signed a contract with Chinese record label Longzhen Culture Development. The contract was worth 5 billion KRW (~4.8 million USD). Then in November, T-ara made a cover version of the Chopstick Brothers' song "Little Apple". It is partly in Korean and partly in Chinese, and includes the Chopstick Brothers for the chorus. This music video had ́8 million views within the first two days.
In December, T-ara held a small concert in Seoul. This was their first concert in 2014 in Korea. Later in the month, T-ara closed out their year with a concert in Shanghai.
2015–2016: So Good and Remember
T-ara held a concert in Korea in early January of 2015. Soon after, they went to Vietnam to perform. On January 9, the group arrived at the airport, but had problems entering the country. So the concert had to be rescheduled. It later took place on October 10.
In February 2015, MBK Entertainment formed a project group known as TS. It included Eunjung and Soyeon as well as members of other groups. The TS group made a winter single, titled "Don't Forget Me." In March 2015, T-ara was announced as the main performer for Malaysia's Sultan Of Johor Coronation celebrations in Johor Bahru. The group appeared at the event along with Sistar, and The Black Eyed Peas' Taboo.
In June 2015, T-ara began a China tour, called the Great China Tour. The tour started with Nanjing, Beijing and Hefei. The group performed 22 songs. The next concert on their Great China Tour was held in Guangzhou on December 19.
In October 2015, the website "Insider Monkey" published a list of 16 best selling girl groups of all time. T-ara was number ten on the list with a total of 36.18 million sales. Later in the month T-ara appeared on the Chinese variety show The Brain.
In June 2016, T-ara performed at the Dream Concert 2016, with a remix of "Be Peep Bo Peep", "Roly Poly", and "So Crazy".
On September 9, T-ara performed 3 songs for the IASGO in Seoul. Then on September 11, T-ara flew to Japan for a concert at the Tokyo Dome City Hall. T-ara performed seven songs and talked to their fans. T-ara performed twice during the day, as the event was divided into 2 parts. One was in the afternoon and the other in the evening. At this concert T-ara performed their song "Memories" live for the first time. On September 17, T-ara held their last Concert in the Great China Tour at the Mercedes-Benz Arena in Shanghai. Also in September 2016, the Dong-a Ilbo newspaper listed "Roly-Poly" as the 14th favorite song of the past 20 years.
On October 1, 2016, T-ara performed at the Busan One Asia Festival. They also held a concert on October 4 and performed eight different songs. T-ara flew to Jeju for a concert the next day, and performed five songs.
In November 2016, T-ara made their eighth extended play (EP), with the title Remember. The lead single of the EP was "Tiamo". Their music video for "Tiamo" was voted the number one music video of the year on Fuse.
2017–2018: End of the bullying rumors, What's My Name?, and trademark issues
In February 2017, Hwayoung and her twin sister Hyoyoung spoke about the "bullying" scandal on a reality show. Hwayoung used the opportunity to state how hard it was for her, and her only support was her sister. This brought the rumors back to public attention. Soon after, a former staff member claimed that it had really been the twins who had "bullied" the other members. This person released texts that appeared to show Hyoyoung threatening Areum with physical harm. Other staff members also came forward with evidence that Hwayoung had treated the other members and staff badly. They also claimed that she had faked how severe her injury was, in order to get more sympathy. Hwayoung at first tried to deny this, but later admitted that the texts were real. This put an end to the bullying rumors about other members of T-ara.
In March 2017, MBK Entertainment announced Soyeon and Boram were ending their contracts in a few months time. They also stated that T-ara would make one more album as a six member group. However, a conflict with their management lead to a delay and it did not happen. Instead, the release was rescheduled for after Soyeon and Boram had departed. T-ara's last performance as six-member group was in Taiwan on May 13, 2017.
T-ara made their ninth extended play (EP) as a four member group, with Qri, Hyomin, Jiyeon, and Eunjung. The title is What's My Name? and it was released on June 14, 2017. T-ara won first place on The Show on June 20. This was their first win on a music show in five years.
In July 2017, T-ara made the song "My Love" for the television drama Greatest One-Shot.
On January 3, 2018, Hyomin announced that she, Jiyeon, Eunjung, and Qri would not renew their contracts with MBK Entertainment. The record label later confirmed that the group had left the company. MBK later confirmed that they had filed for a trademark on the name "T-ara". In January 2018, Hyomin, Jiyeon, Eunjung, and Qri filed for a rejection of MBK's trademark request. In August 2018, MBK's trademark request was denied. This allows Hyomin, Jiyeon, Eunjung, and Qri to continue using the group name. They later stated that they intend to stay together as a group.
In an interview in October 2019, Jiyeon stated that they hope to appear again as group. However, she also said that it may not be right away but only after some time passed.
Member timeline
Jiae and Jiwon left the group in 2009, before their official debut. Boram, Qri, and Soyeon were added soon after, and before the official debut. Hwayoung joined the group on July 26, 2010. Areum joined T-ara in early 2012.
Hwayoung had her contract ended in mid-2012 and had to leave the group. Then Areum left in July 2012. T-ara continued as a six-member group until Soyeon and Boram left in 2017. The remaining four members are Qri, Hyomin, Jiyeon, and Eunjung.
Sub-groups
On several occasions T-ara formed sub-groups (or sub-units). These were smaller girl groups formed with a few members of T-ara. The first sub-groups of T-ara were formed in March 2013 when "Bunny Style!" was released. These made a few of the songs that were included with "Bunny Style!" in special editions. As these groups had no activity apart from T-ara, they had no official names. The first official sub-groups came a few months later.
Valence-d'Albigeois
Valence-d'Albigeois is a village in the department of Tarn, in French region Midi-Pyrénées. It is near Albi. In 1999, 1142 people lived there.
T-ara
T-ara N4
On April 12, 2013, Core Contents Media announced a sub-group called T-ara N4. The members were Jiyeon, Eunjung, Hyomin, and Areum. The group's first song, "Jeon Won Diary", was inspired by a 1980s drama show. It is a "funky and intense" dance song with elements of hip-hop. T-ara N4 released the song, the extended play (EP) of the same name, and a music video on April 29, 2013.
Science Olympiad
The Science Olympiad is a nationwide event in the United States that tests students' knowledge in science and technology. It started in 1982, and takes place every year.
T-ara
QBS
A Japanese sub-group called QBS was announced in May 2013. The members were Qri, Boram and Soyeon. QBS focused on the Japanese market. They released their first single "Kaze no You ni" on June 26, 2013. It was written and composed by Takanori Fukuta. QBS held a live show at the Sunshine City Fountain Square in Ikebukuro, Tokyo on June 10, 2013. At the show the group performed "Kaze no Yō ni". Boram and Qri also sang their song "Shabontama no Yukue" and Soyeon sang her song "Love Poem".
Science Olympiad
Science Olympiad consists of twenty three events testing students in middle and high school on different science topics, such as astronomy and chemistry.
T-ara
Advertising
In October 2009, the group signed a contract to make a commercial for Nonghyup Apples. They made the song "Apple Song" for the commercial. It was later included on the group's first studio album Absolute First Album under the name "Apple is A". In 2010, the group modeled for Mentholatum Korea, Tedin Water Parks, and Olympus cameras. T-ara was chosen to model for Tedin Waterpark again in 2011.
In 2011, T-ara starred in commercials for Spris, iRiver, Windysoft, Look Optical, Shin Ramyun, and Crown Mountain. T-ara also launched the café franchise called Cafe Page One. The name was taken from the cafe that Eunjung's character ran in the drama Coffee House. When it was opened on July 1, 2011, the members of T-ara were present to greet the customers. The same year, T-ara was chosen as models for cosmetics brand Tony Moly. The group modeled for the brand in South Korea, China, Japan, and other Asian countries. T-ara also signed a contract with online shopping mall Hi-Mart.
In February 2012, T-ara became models for the chicken franchise Brilliant Chicken.
In early 2015, T-ara signed a USD 1 million contract with the Chinese clothing brand Celucasn. In November, T-ara made a Chinese version of "Cry Cry" to be the theme song for the game "World of Warships". The group also became the face of the mobile game "Dream of the Three Kingdoms". In the same month, T-ara was made brand ambassadors of the partnership between Hankyung Media Group and Sina Weibo.
Charitable giving
T-ara held a charity event on December 14, 2013, in Cafenne, which is a cafe run by Eunjung's mother. They sold their old clothing, stage costumes, and similar items from Davichi, Ha Seokjin, Hwang Jungeum and Son Hojun. T-ara made 12.5 million won (about USD 12,000) from the sale. They donated this to the "Hope Windmill" campaign which was organized by the Red Cross. T-ara said, "We are able to end the year with a warm heart thanks to the many people who took part in the charity event and we give thanks to those who helped T-ara take the steps necessary for it."
Henry Stuart, Duke of Gloucester
Henry Stuart, Duke of Gloucester (8 July 1640 – 18 September 1660) was the third adult (and youngest) son of Charles I and his queen, Henrietta Maria of France. He is also known as Henry of Oatland.
Anna Molka Ahmed
Anna Molka Ahmed (13 August 1917 – 20 April 1994) was a Pakistani artist, art writer and poet who played a major role in starting the Department of Fine Arts at the University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Kaleem Omar
Kaleem Omar (1937–2009) was a Pakistani poet and journalist.
Magnum Bonum
Magnum Bonum was a pop group from Huddinge in Sweden, scoring several chart successes in Sweden during the 1970's and 80's. Famous songs are Skateboard (LA Run), Marie, Lover Boy, Vi vill ha mer, Hög hatt and Digital panik.
Zappanale
The Zappanale is a music festival held every year in honour of the musician and composer Frank Zappa. It happens in the beginning of August at the town of Bad Doberan, Germany.
Kia Carens
The Kia Carens is a MPV produced by Kia Motors in 1999 and 2019. It is now in its Third generation, and is called Kia Rondo on the North American market.
Maki Kureishi
Maki Kureishi (1927–1995) was a Pakistani poet writing in English, known for her delicate and highly sensitive poetry. She taught for many years at the University of Karachi in Karachi, Pakistan. She was the aunt of English writer Hanif Kureishi.
List of songs recorded by ABBA
This is a list of songs recorded by ABBA. It is in alphabetical order.
Inca Empire
The Inca were a pre-Columbian civilization and empire in the Andes of South America. The word Inca can also mean the emperor or king of the Inca people. It was the largest empire in the Americas, and was large even by world standards. It existed shortly before Christopher Columbus arrived in the Americas.
The Inca ruled along the western coast of South America for a little over 100 years, until the Spanish invasion in the 16th century. The empire was centered around the city of Cuzco, or Qosqo, in what is now southern Peru. This was the administrative, political and military center of the empire. In later years, it was also centered around Quito. The Inca were ruled by an Emperor known as the Sapa Inca. Throughout their empire, they built many roads and bridges to make travel between their communities easy.
The Inca Empire was called Tawantinsuyo in Quechua, which means "four regions". The empire only lasted for about 100 years as the arrival of the conquering Spaniards in 1532 AD marked the end of their reign. Their main language was Quechua, but as the Empire was made up of many different groups there were probably many different languages as well.
The Inca Empire began around Lake Titicaca in about 1197. From 1438 to 1533, the Incas used conquest and non-violent assimilation to gain a large portion of western South America. Their empire centered on the Andean mountain ranges. It included large parts of what is now Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Argentina and Chile.
In 1533, Atahualpa, the last sovereign emperor, was executed by the conquistador Francisco Pizarro. That meant the beginning of Spanish rule in South America. The Inca Empire was supported by an economy based on the collective ownership of the land.
Catherine of Braganza
Catherine of Braganza (Catarina de Bragança; 25 November 1638 – 31 December 1705) was a Portuguese Infanta and the queen consort of Charles II of England, Scotland and Ireland. She was the daughter of John IV of Portugal and queen consort Luisa de Guzmán.
Tariq Rahman
Dr Tariq Rahman (born 4 February 1949), is a Pakistani linguist, academic, writer and journalist. He taught for many years at the Quaid i Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Villamar
Villamar (Mara Arbarèi) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sud Sardegna in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 2,727 people lived there. Its area is 38.53 km². It is 108 meters above sea level.
Villaperuccio
Villaperuccio (Sa Baronìa) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sud Sardegna in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 1,101 people lived there. Its area is 36.43 km². It is 68 meters above sea level.
Yang Mu
Yang Mu (, September 6, 1940 – March 13, 2020) was a Taiwanese poet, essayist and critic. He was born in Hualien County, Taiwan. His work was known for its combining of the graceful style and writing techniques of Chinese classical poetry with elements of Western culture.
He was named the laureate of the 2013 Newman Prize for Chinese Literature, making him the first poet and the first Taiwanese writer to have won the award.
Yang was hospitalized at Cathay General Hospital in Taipei in March 2020, where he fell into a coma. He died on March 13, 2020, aged 79.
Dana Zátopková
Dana Zátopková (née Ingrová, 19 September 1922 – 13 March 2020 ) was a Czech javelin thrower. She won the gold medal for javelin at the 1952 Summer Olympics and the silver medal in the 1960 Summer Olympics. Her husband was Czech Olympic champion Emil Zátopek.
She was the European champion in 1954 and 1958. She also set a world record in 1958 (55.73 m) when she was 35, making her the oldest woman to break one in an outdoor athletics event.
Mansfield Town F.C.
Mansfield Town F.C. is a football club which plays in England.
Text editor
A text editor is a program that is run on a computer that can create and change text. The text can be saved into a file that is called a "text file". Text editors can be used for a lot of things. Many people use them to write documents. Some people write code (like HTML or C++) using a text editor.
Some text editors can edit rich text. Rich text allows bold text, italic text, and other things. This is why rich text is different form "text file" which do not have bold text or italic text properties.
Copy, cut and paste are other common options in text editors. Copy allows users to instantly add a copy of text in one place to another place. Cut and paste are similar, except that the text is moved from one place to another instead of being copied. This is very useful when a writer wishes to put his paragraphs in a different order, for example.
Sometimes users make mistakes, or need to do the same thing over and over without getting bored. This is what the undo and redo features do. Users can reverse their mistakes, or quickly repeat their actions. Some text editors allow many mistakes in a row to be reversed; others allow only one or two.
Poitiers
Poitiers is a city in France, the prefecture of the Vienne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. The town is picturesque; and its streets are interesting for their remains of ancient architecture, especially of the Romanesque period, and the memories of great historical events.
Oxford
Oxford is a city in England. It is on the River Thames. It is a very old city. It is the 52nd largest city in the United Kingdom. Some of its buildings were built before the 12th century. It is famous for its university, Oxford University, which is the oldest university in the English-speaking world.
Valence (Tarn-et-Garonne)
Valence is a village in the Midi-Pyrénées region of France. It is in the department Tarn-et-Garonne. In 1999, about 4800 people lived there. Together with 23 other, similar villages, it formed the Communauté de communes des Deux Rives. In that structure (that is, in all the villages together) there are about 15.500 people.
Oxford
About 150,200 live in Oxford. Two rivers run through the city, the Cherwell and the Thames. These two rivers meet south of the city centre.
Valence (Tarn-et-Garonne)
Valence is located 25 km from Agen, 45 km from Montauban, 60 km from Cahors,  90 km from Toulouse and 160 km from  Bordeaux
Oxford
Besides its university, there are some buildings famous for their architecture (the style in which they were built), like the Radcliffe Camera. There are also lots of museums and other places for tourists to visit.
Poitiers
The city itself is very old. It already existed as a Gaulish fort in the time when Julius Caesar came to Gaul. It was the capital of the Pictones tribe.
Oxford
The south and east of the city are less wealthy and have fewer students. Cowley used to be a separate town and has a large car factory, and Blackbird Leys is an area of mainly council housing.
Renault FR1
The Renault FR1 is a bus produced by Renault from 1987 to 1997.
Poitiers
Geography
Poitiers is in the centre of the Vienne department, between the valleys of the Boivre and the Clain rivers. The old town is on the slopes and the summit of a plateau which rises 130 feet (40 m) above the streams which surround it on three sides.
Renault FR1
The FR1 has a 9.8 litre 6-cylinder turbo diesel engine with 223 kW/303 hp or 250 kW/340 hp respectively.
Oxford
Rail
Oxford has a station in the centre of the city and a station on the outskirts of the city.
Poitiers
Geography
The commune has an area of 42.1 km2. Its average altitude is 105 m; at the city hall, the altitude is 116 m.
Renault FR1
In 1997, the FR1 received a facelift and were renamed Renault Iliade.
Poitiers
Geography
The commune of Poitiers is surrounded by the communes:
Climate
The climate of Poitiers, in the Köppen climate classification, is Cfb - Oceanic climate with template summers.
Kia Soul
The Soul is available with 1.6 and 2.0 litre petrol engines with 93 kW/126 hp and 106 kW/144 hp respectively, and a 1.6 litre turbo diesel engine with 94 kW/128 hp.
Black rhinoceros
The black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis), is a species of rhinoceros. It lives in eastern and central Africa including Kenya, Tanzania, Cameroon, South Africa, Namibia, Zimbabwe, and Angola. The black rhinoceros is not actually black, but dark. It is a browser, with lips that help eating from low branches.
Poitiers
Population
The inhabitants of Poitiers are known, in French, as Pictaviens (women: Pictaviennes).
Black rhinoceros
The other African rhinoceros is the white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum). The white rhinoceros is not white, but lighter coloured.
Poitiers
Population
Evolution of the population in Poitiers
Poitiers forms, with seven other communes, the urban area of Poitiers with a population of 128,111 inhabitants (2013) and an area of 172.3 km2. This urban area is the centre of the metropolitan area of Poitiers, formed by 97 communes, with a population of 257,233 inhabitants (2013) and an area of 2303.4 km2.
Administration
Poitiers is the prefecture of the Vienne department, the capital of the arrondissement of Poitiers and the administrative centre (chef-lieu) of five canton:
Valency
In chemistry, valency or valence is the number of chemical bonds that an atom of a certain element can form.
Poitiers
Administration
It is part of the intercommunality Grand Poitiers (Communauté d'agglomération Grand Poitiers).
Sister cities
Poitiers is twinned with:
Notable people
This is a list of people of interest who were born or resided in Poitiers:
Black rhinoceros
Rhinoceros and oxpeckers
There is a type of bird called an oxpecker in English that likes to sit on the rhino's back and eat insects and other small animals that bite the rhino's skin. Because the birds also peck at the rhinos' skins with their beaks and hurt it, scientists wondered why the rhinos do not shake the birds off their backs. One team of scientists from California State University and Victoria University in Australia found that the black rhinoceros listens for the noises the oxpecker makes. Rhinoceros cannot see well but oxpeckers can. Oxpeckers make a noise when they see humans nearby that is different from their other noises. The rhinos hear this noise and then either look for the human or run away. The scientists performed an experiment: A human would slowly walk toward a rhino. Rhinos without oxpeckers on their backs only noticed the human one out of five times, but rhinos with oxpeckers noticed the human every time and from much further away. The scientists wondered if bringing flocks of oxpeckers to groups of rhinoceros without them would help the rhinos avoid human hunters.
The scientists had the idea for this experiment because the Swahili language word for oxpecker is "Askari wa kifaru," which means "the rhino's guard" in English. One of the scientists said it was important to listen to indigenous peoples when studying things in the places where those people live. "We too often dismiss the importance of indigenous people and their observations," said ecologist Roan Plotz, who worked on this study. "While western science has been incredibly useful, there are many insights we can learn from indigenous communities."
Threats
Black rhinoceros is currently one of the endangered species and is on the verge of extinction in Africa.There has been approximately 96% decline in its population and one of the major causes for its extinction is habitat destruction and encroachment.
Nestor Forster
Nestor José Forster Júnior (born 10 April 1963) is a Brazilian diplomat. He was nominated by President Jair Bolsonaro as the Brazilian Ambassador to the United States in 2019 and presented his diplomatic credentials to the United States government in December 2020.
Airheads
Airheads is a 1994 American comedy movie directed by Michael Lehmann and starring Brendan Fraser, Steve Buscemi, Adam Sandler, Joe Mantegna, Michael McKean, Chris Farley, Ernie Hudson, Judd Nelson, Amy Locane, David Arquette, Michael Richards, Tracey Ullman, Rob Zombie. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Valency
IUPAC saw this problem, and proposed oxidation numbers. This means there is one number per chemical element. The problem with this approach is that it leaves aside most chemical properties of the elements in question.
A valence band is the highest occupied molecular orbital normally occupied by valence electrons for a given solid at absolute zero temperature.
The Road to Serfdom
The Road to Serfdom is a book written by the Austrian-born economist and philosopher Friedrich von Hayek (1899–1992) between 1940 and 1943.
In the book he warned of the danger of tyranny which comes from "government control of economic decision-making by central planning". He means the way fascist, communist and socialist governments try to control every aspect of the economy.
The rights and wishes of the individual are important, and the state should not interfere too much. When the state controls too much, that leads to a loss of freedom, an oppressive society, and eventually the tyranny of a dictator. The individual citizen becomes a serf. Hayek argued that fascism and socialism had roots in central economic planning and giving the state power over the individual.
After its publication in 1944, The Road to Serfdom became a popular account of market libertarianism. It has sold over two million copies.
The Road to Serfdom was to be a popular edition of the second volume of Hayek’s The Abuse and Decline of Reason. The title was inspired by the writings of the 19th century French classical liberal Alexis de Tocqueville on the "road to servitude". p116 The book was first published in Britain by Routledge in March 1944, during World War II, and was quite popular. Hayek called it "that unobtainable book", due to wartime paper rationing. p128
It was published in the United States by the University of Chicago Press in September 1944 and became popular. The American magazine Reader's Digest published an abridged version in April 1945. This got The Road to Serfdom to a wider group of readers than before. The book had a big impact on twentieth-century conservative and libertarian economic and political thinking. It is often cited today by commentators.
Nell Gwyn
Eleanor "Nell" Gwyn (or Gwynn or Gwynne) (1650 - 14 November 1687), was one of the earliest English actresses to receive prominent recognition, and a long-time mistress of King Charles II.
Called "pretty, witty Nell" by Samuel Pepys, she has been called a living embodiment of the spirit of Restoration England and has come to be considered a folk heroine, with a story echoing the rags-to-royalty tale of Cinderella.
Anatolia
Anatolia, a peninsula also called Asia Minor (from the Ancient Greek: 'Άνατολή), (Turkish: Anadolu), comprises the central and western part of modern Turkey.
Asia Minor is 750,000 square kilometers (290,000 square miles). Most of Asia Minor is a plateau averaging 1,000 meters (3,000 feet) above sea level. The climate is continental and semi-arid in the interior, temperate along the north coast, and subtropical along the south and west coasts. Most people there today speak Turkish. The seas surrounding Asia Minor are the Black Sea, the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. Because Asia Minor is between Christian Europe and Asia, many different cultures have lived there. Remnants (small parts) of these cultures are there today.
Many great historical peoples, like the Hittites, Lydians, Greeks, Persians, Armenians, Romans, Goths, Minoans, Byzantines and Ottomans, have lived in or occupied Asia Minor. The Roman Empire had a province called Asia, also called Phrygia. Later people started to call the entire continent Asia, so the peninsula Asia was called Asia Minor (little Asia).
Troy is the most famous of the many cities that were in Asia Minor long ago.
Great Australian Bight
The Bight's boundaries are from Cape Pasley, Western Australia, to Cape Carnot, South Australia. This is a distance of 1,160 km or 720 miles.
The much more accepted name in Australia for the connected waterbody is the Southern Ocean rather than the Indian Ocean.
The settlements along the coastline with access to the Bight and facilities are Ceduna and Eucla. Some other locations on the Eyre Highway or on the Nullarbor do not have facilities or easy access.
Natural history
The coast line of the Great Australian Bight has cliff faces (up to 60 m high), surfing beaches and rock platforms, ideal for whale-watching. The Great Australian Bight receives very little of the runoff that fertilises most continental shelves. It is essentially a marine desert. It is probably best noted for the large number of sharks that frequent its coastal waters, as well as the increasing numbers of Southern Right Whales that migrate in the region.
Elizabethan collar
Overview
The veterinarian places the collar around the neck of an injured animal so that it cannot bite or lick the injured part of its body. For example, a dog with a cut on its skin might need medicine placed directly on the cut. The dog might try to lick the medicine and poison itself. An animal that has had surgery might try to pull out its stitches. An animal with a broken leg might bite into its cast and try to pull it off. If it is wearing an Elizabethan collar, it cannot do this.
Some pet owners say their pets find it difficult to eat, drink and play while wearing an Elizabethan collar. Veterinarians sometimes try other collars, like those made out of cloth, collars that look like inner-tube-shaped cushions, and collars that act more like a neck brace, stopping the animal from moving its head.
Elizabethan collars are named after Elizabethan ruffs, stiff, starched collars that people wore in 1500s England.
Today, most Elizabethan collars are made out of plastic. In the 1800s, they could be made out of wood or leather.
Irina Shenberger
Irina Shenberger (born 20 February 1992) is a Kazakhstani volleyball player.
She played at the 2013 FIVB World Grand Prix, 2014 FIVB Women's World Championship, 2014 FIVB World Grand Prix, 2015 FIVB World Grand Prix, and 2016 FIVB World Grand Prix.
She played for VC Astana.
Villaputzu
Villaputzu (Biddepùtzi) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sud Sardegna in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 4,763 people lived there. Its area is 181.31 km². It is 11 meters above sea level.
Weddell Sea
The Weddell Sea is part of the Southern Ocean and has the Weddell Gyre. The easternmost point is Cape Norvegia at Princess Martha Coast, Queen Maud Land. Much of the southern part of the sea, up to Elephant Island, is permanent ice. The sea is claimed by Argentina and Britain. There is also a part in the claim of Chile. At its widest the sea is around 2,000 km across. In area it is around 2.8 million km².
The sea is named after the British sailor James Weddell who entered the sea in 1823.
Villamassargia
Villamassargia (Bidda Matzràxia) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sud Sardegna in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 3,604 people lived there. Its area is 91.39 km². It is 121 meters above sea level.
Tegucigalpa
Tegucigalpa is the capital and largest city of Honduras. With a total population of 1,526,660 people as of 2022.
Geography
Tegucigalpa is located on a chain of mountains with elevations of 975 m at its lowest points and 1463 m at its highest suburban areas. Like most of the interior highlands of Honduras, the majority of Tegucigalpa's current area was occupied by open woodland. The area surrounding the city continues to be open woodland supporting pine forest interspersed with some oak, scrub, and grassy clearings as well as needle leaf evergreen and broadleaf deciduous forest.
Climate
Tegucigalpa has a tropical savanna climate (Köppen: Aw); the west part of the city has a very slight monsoon humid subtropical climate (Köppen: Cwa) influence, milder due to the elevation and with two distinct seasons: the rainy season, and the dry season.
Valence-sur-Baïse
Valence-sur-Baïse is a city in the Gers department of the Midi-Pyrénees region in France. It is near Condom-en-Armagnac. It was founded in 1274 by Gerald V, Count of Armagnac, and the Cistercian Abbey of Flaran as a Bastide (a fortified city). In 1999, 1151 people lived there. There is an old cisercian abbey at the place. Today the abbey serves as a cultural center. There is also a public washing basin, and a port, where ships can land.
Glasgow
Glasgow (Scottish: Glaschu, Lowland Scots: Glesga) is the biggest and busiest city in Scotland. It is on the banks of the River Clyde. People from Glasgow are known as "Glaswegians" (glas-wee-jans), which is a name also used for words that are used only in Glasgow - also known as "The Glasgow Patter".
The number of people living in Glasgow is 621,020 (2017 estimate) and 626,410 (2019 estimate). Many more people live in the areas round the city. There are 1,209,143 people living in the Greater Glasgow urban area. The wider metropolitan area is home to over 1,670,000 people, about 33% of Scotland's population.
The number of people living inside the city proper used to be much higher. Starting in the early 1960s the old tenements were pulled down and new housing built further out (high-rise blocks were the fashion of the day). Now there is nowhere near the number of people living in Glasgow as during the famous times of the shipyards on the River Clyde. It was said to be the second biggest city in the world after London at one point in the 1800s.
Many people from other countries visit Glasgow for holidays and trips; most of these people are from Europe France, America (the US and Canada) for weekend and week trips.
Two airports serve the city, Glasgow International Airport and Prestwick Airport. The main railway stations in the city are Glasgow Central and Queen Street stations. They provide rail links to the rest of Scotland, to the rest of the United Kingdom and Europe.
Glasgow has several football teams - the best known are Rangers F.C. and Celtic F.C.. Partick Thistle, Clydebank, and Queens Park F.C. also play in the city.
Glasgow has an oceanic climate (Cfb in the Koeppen climate classification). The weather in Glasgow is almost always changing, and it is hard to say what the entire day's weather is like. Very often, the weather is worst in the morning when it is mostly damp and sometimes misty or even foggy; the Glasgow Patter also refers to dreich weather - damp and drizzly. However, the weather mostly improves through the afternoon and more often than not the weather stays dry and at an average temperature.
In summer it is popular as a base for tourists. They can stay in Glasgow and then travel to see Loch Lomond and the Western Isles. One of the oldest paddle-steamer boats is in Glasgow, and in the summer one can travel down the Clyde to visit other towns and islands.
Valeriya Rylova
Valeriya Rylova (born 22 November 1987) is a Kazakhstani volleyball player.
She played for VC Astana.
Børre Knudsen
Børre Knudsen (September 24, 1937 – August 17, 2014) was a Norwegian Lutheran minister. He was known for his pro-life (against abortion) activism. Knudsen and a few more activist created the a new Norwegian church called Deanery of Strandebarm. He was made bishop of the church in 1997. Knudsen was born in Vennesla, Norway.
Knudsen died in Mestervik, Norway, aged 76.
José Manuel Piñeiro Amigo
José Manuel Piñeiro Amigo (27 May 1938 – 1 June 2021) was a Spanish politician and lawyer. He worked at the Congress of Deputies from 1977 until 1982. He was born in Cambados, Spain.
Simonetta Sommaruga
Simonetta Myriam Sommaruga (born 14 May 1960) is a Swiss politician. She is a member of the Social Democratic Party.
José Manuel Piñeiro Amigo
Piñeiro Amigo died on 1 June 2021, aged 83.
Simonetta Sommaruga
Sommaurga was a member of the Swiss Federal Council from 2010 to 2022. She was Vice President of the Federal Council for the year 2014. In 2015 and 2020, she was President of the Swiss Confederation.
Villanova Tulo
Villanova Tulo (Biddanòa'e Tùlu) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sud Sardegna in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 1,095 people lived there. Its area is 40.45 km². It is 600 meters above sea level.
Emperor Nintoku
No certain dates can be assigned to this emperor's life or reign. The conventionally accepted names and sequence of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as "traditional" until the reign of Emperor Kammu, who was the 50th monarch of the Yamato dynasty.
Events of Nintoku's life
Very little is known about the events of Nintoku's life and reign. Only limited information is available for study prior to the reign of the 29th monarch, Emperor Kimmei.
Kia cee'd
The Kia cee'd is a car produced by Kia since 2006.
Villanova Monteleone
Villanova Monteleone (Biddanòa Monteleòne) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sassari in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 2,304 people lived there. Its area is 202.68 km². It is 567 meters above sea level.
Emperor Nintoku
Events of Nintoku's life
Nintoku's reign is marked by Japan's first large-scale engineering projects.
Kia Rio
The Kia Rio is a car produced by Kia Motors.
Kia cee'd
The cee'd received a facelift in 2009. The 1.4 litre petrol engine was changed to 66 kW/90 hp instead of 80 kW/109 hp.
Kia Rio
The first generation were produced from 2000 to 2005, and were available with 1.3 and 1.5 litre petrol engines with 55 kW/75 hp and 72 kW/98 hp respectively.
Emperor Nintoku
After his death
This emperor's official name after his death (his posthumous name) was regularized many centuries after the lifetime which was ascribed to Nintoku.
Kia Rio
The second generation were launched in 2005, and is available with a 1.4 litre petrol engine in two versions with 55 kW/75 hp and 71 kW/97 hp respectively, a 1.6 litre petrol engine with 82 kW/112 hp and a 1.5 litre turbo diesel engine with 81 kW/110 hp. It is based on the Hyundai Getz's platform.