cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
César Chávez
Legacy
Chávez is respected in California and other states. In 2000, California's state legislature started a holiday to honor him. The holiday is on March 31, Chávez's birthday. This is the first time that a US public holiday honored a Mexican American or a union leader. Many cities have streets or places named for him. These cities include San Francisco, Los Angeles, Albuquerque, New Mexico, Austin, Texas, Chicago, Illinois, Milwaukee, and Salt Lake City. In 1998 he was inducted into the Hall of Honor by the United States Department of Labor.
Khaqani Shirvani
Afzal ad- Din Badil Ibrahim ibn Ali Nadjar Khaqani Shirvani (1120-1190) or Khaghani Shirvani was a Persian poet. His most famous poem is The Arch of Madain. He wrote the poem book Tohfat-ul Iraqein (in Persian: تحفه العراقين meaning A Gift from the Two Iraqs) in his journey to Mesopotamia. The Shirvanshah ordered his officers to imprison him. Khaghani was in prison for nearly five years. In prison, he wrote the poems called Habsiyye (, meaning The Prison Book). After he was freed, he moved to Tabriz. Khaghani died in Tabriz.
Hausen, Miltenberg
Hausen is a community in the Miltenberg district in the region of Lower Franconia in Bavaria, Germany and a member of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft (Administrative Community) of Kleinwallstadt.
Großheubach
Place
Großheubach is on the right edge of the Main. The community is on the slopes of the Mittelgebirge Spessart. The highest point in the municipal area is the 439 m-high Ospisrain. Großheubach is on the Fränkischer Rotwein Wanderweg ("Franconian Red Wine Hiking Trail"). Across the Main are the hills of the Odenwald.
Subdivisions
The hamlets of Klotzenhof and Roßhof are part of the municipality Großheubach.
Hyperkalemia
Hyperkalemia is a medical term to indicate that the level of potassium in the blood is too high. Depending on the level of potassium in the blood, this can be a medical emergency. A level that is too high can lead to abnormal hearth rhythms.
Many medications can cause hyperkalemia, and it is much more likely to occur in people kidney problems.
Although hyperkalemia often doesn't cause symptoms, doctors worry about hyperkalemia because it can cause a sudden change of heart rhythm in people who had not been having any symptoms. These abnormal heart rhythms can be deadly.
In the cases where death penalty is carried out using lethal injection, a hyperkalemia may be provoked atificially. Some of the mixtures used in the injections contain potassium chloride which will raise the level of potassium in the blood considerably.
Stuart Cornfeld
Stuart Cornfeld (November 15, 1952 – June 26, 2020) was an American movie producer, and actor. He was business partners with Ben Stiller in the company, Red Hour Productions. He was born in Tarzana, California. He was known for producing Zoolander, Tropic Thunder and DodgeBall: A True Underdog Story.
Cornfeld died on June 26, 2020 from cancer at the age of 67.
Zoolander
It was a satire on the fashion industry. The movie received mixed to positive reviews from critics but was a box office success. A sequel, Zoolander 2, was released in February 2016.
Production
Due to the then-recent September 11 attacks, Ben Stiller decided to digitally remove the World Trade Center out of respect.
Baladeh, Fars
name change
The name of the city of Baladeh was officially changed to Valashehr in 2017 by the approval of the government.
References
valashahr
Woodworking joints
Joinery often refers to the part of woodworking that involves the joining together of parts of wood.
Traditional wood joinery techniques use the distinctive material properties of wood, often without mechanical fasteners. There are different types of joinery for different structures, for example the joinery used to build a house is different from that used to make puzzle toys, although elements overlap.
Wood is strong when stressed along the grain (longitudinally), but weak across it (radially and tangentially). It expands and contracts in response to humidity. This change is very small longitudinally. It is considerable, but unequal, in the radial and tangential directions.
Styles of joinery
Two of the most common traditions of joinery are Japanese and European. The Japanese in particular developed hundreds of types of joints and their furniture was often held together without glue or nails.
Dalai Lama
The Dalai Lama  is a religious figure in Tibetan Buddhism. He is its highest spiritual teacher of the Gelugpa school. A new Dalai Lama is said to be the reborn old Dalai Lama. This line goes back to 1391. The 14th and current Dalai Lama is Tenzin Gyatso.
Between the 17th century and 1959, the Dalai Lama was the head of the Tibetan government. During the winter, the Dalai Lamas stayed in the Potala palace. In the summer they lived in the Norbulingka palace. These two palaces are both in Lhasa, Tibet. In 1959, the Dalai Lama had to flee from Tibet to Dharamsala, India. This is still his base to this day.
The current Dalai Lama is His Holiness Tenzin Gyatso.
Dalai Lama is the title of Tibetan Buddhism leader. "Dalai" is original from Mongolian which means "ocean" and "Lama" is original from Tibetan which means "the highest principle". In 1653, during the Qing Dynasty, this title was authorized to Dalai Lama V by the Chinese Emperor for the first time.
Konartakhteh
Konartakhteh (, also Romanized as Konārtakhteh, Konār Takhteh, and Kunār Takhteh) is a city and capital of Kamaraj and Konartakhteh District, in Kazerun County, Fars Province, Iran.
Pendulum (movie)
Pendulum is a 1969 American thriller movie directed by George Schaefer. It stars George Peppard, Jean Seberg, Richard Kiley, Charles McGraw, Madeleine Sherwood and was distributed by Columbia Pictures.
André Chassaigne
André Chassaigne (born 2 July 1950) is a French politician. He was born in Clermont-Ferrand. He is a member of the French Communist Party. He has served as a member of the National Assembly since 2002. Since 2012, he has been the president of the Democratic and Republican Left group in the assembly.
On 12 March 2020, during the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic, it was made clear that Chassaigne had tested positive for COVID-19.
Frederick II of Denmark
Frederick II (1 July 1534 – 4 April 1588), was the king of Denmark-Norway and duke of Schleswig from 1559 until his death. He was the son of King Christian III of Denmark and Norway and Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg. He is often seen as the typical Renaissance ruler of Denmark. As a person Frederick was described as hot-headed, proud, brave, and ambitious. He loved hunting, wine and feasts. At his death lots of people thought that he had drunk himself to death.
Drinking water
Drinking water, also known as potable water, is water that is safe to drink or to use for food preparation.
Airport 1975
Airport 1975 is a 1974 American action thriller movie directed by Jack Smight and is based on the novel of the same name by Arthur Hailey. It stars Charlton Heston, Karen Black, George Kennedy, Efrem Zimbalist Jr., Gloria Swanson, Helen Reddy, Linda Blair, Sid Caesar, Jerry Stiller, Norman Fell, Nancy Olson, Guy Stockwell and was distributed by Universal Pictures.
Twilight (2008 movie)
Twilight is a 2008 American teen romantic-fantasy movie. It is based on the novel by Stephenie Meyer. The movie was directed by Catherine Hardwicke and stars Robert Pattinson, Kristen Stewart, and Taylor Lautner. Stephenie Meyer has a cameo appearance in the movie. The movie is about a teenage girl and a vampire falling in love.
Drinking water
'Water treatment' involves filtering the water through sand beds and then adding a chemical to kill any remaining organisms.
Twilight (2008 movie)
The movie was a huge success. It was released in cinemas on November 21, 2008 and grossed $35.7 million on this day. Since then, it has gone on to gross over $382,133,300 worldwide. The soundtrack for the movie was released on November 4, 2008 and debuted at #1 on the Billboard 200. The soundtrack contains all of the music from the movie including music created and sung by actor Robert Pattinson, who appeared in the movie.
Drinking water
The amount of drinking water needed for good health varies. Americans, on average, drink one litre of water per day and 95% drink less than three litres per day. For those who work in a hot climate, up to 16 litres a day may be required. Liquid water is essential for life.
Twilight (2008 movie)
Plot
Bella Swan, who is seventeen years old, moves to Forks, a small town in Washington, to live with her father, Charlie, after her mother remarries. She meets many new friends at High School and they inform her about the Cullen family, and Bella becomes intrigued. Edward Cullen, who is in Bella's Biology class, acts very strangely when he sees her for the first time, which makes Bella confused. A few days later, Bella is almost hit with a blue van in the school parking lot. Edward manages to move extremely quickly by her side and pushes the van away with his hand, leaving a huge pressure mark in the side of the van. Bella did not know how he managed to do this, so she is determined to find out. However, Edward refuses to explain what happened, and warns her not to be friends with him.
After Bella does lots of research, she finds out that Edward Cullen is a vegetarian vampire. Bella and Edward fall in love and Edward introduces her to his family, Carlisle, Esme, Alice, Jasper, Emmett, and Rosalie who are also vampires. They invite Bella to play baseball with them, and she agrees. However, three other vampires called James, Victoria and Laurent arrive and disrupt the game. James, who is a tracker vampire, is intrigued by Edward's protectiveness over a human girl and wants to hunt Bella. Edward and his family risk their lives to protect her, but James gets Bella on her own after lying to her that he was holding her mother hostage. James attacks Bella and bites her wrist, but Edward, along with the other Cullen family members, arrives before he can kill her. James is destroyed, and Edward sucks James's venom from Bella's wrist, preventing her from becoming a vampire.
A severely injured Bella is taken to a hospital. Upon returning to Forks, Bella and Edward attend their school prom. While there, Bella expresses her desire to become a vampire, which Edward ignores. The movie ends with Victoria secretly watching the pair dancing, plotting revenge for her love.
The Cup (1999 movie)
The Cup (ཕོར་པ། or Phörpa) is a 1999 Bhutanese Australian Nepalese sports comedy movie directed by Khyentse Norbu and starring Orgyen Tobgyal, Neten Chokling. It was distributed by Fine Line Features.
Proxy marriage
Today, this form of marriage is illegal in most countries, or it requires a special permit. It is still legal in some US states, and in a few Islamic countries
Ivory Coast national football team
The Côte d'Ivoire national football team (also known as the Ivory Coast national football team) is the national football team of Côte d'Ivoire.
George Grenville
George Grenville (14 October 1712–13 November 1770) was Prime Minister of Great Britain. He was a member of the Whig Party. He was one of the few prime ministers who never was given a title of nobility.
Grenville was the second son of Richard Grenville and Hester Temple. His older brother was Richard Grenville-Temple. Grenville went to school at Eton College and at Christ Church College, Oxford. He entered Parliament in 1741 as member for Buckingham, and represented Buckingham until his death.
As Treasurer of the Navy in 1758 he introduced and carried a bill which established a fairer system of paying the wages of sailors. He stayed in office in 1761, when Pitt resigned, and in the administration of Lord Bute acted as Leader of the House of Commons. In May 1762 he became Secretary of State for the Northern Department, and in October First Lord of the Admiralty; and in April 1763 he became First Lord of the Treasury and Chancellor of the Exchequer.
While Prime Minister, his government oversaw the prosecution of John Wilkes and the passing of the American Stamp Act 1765, which led to the first disagreements between American colonies and Great Britain that led to the American Revolutionary War.
After many years of being Prime Minister, he began to have disagreements with young king George III. The king started to think that the Prime Minister was using him as a puppet. The king convinced Rockingham to become the new Prime Minister and Grenville never held an office again.
Grenville was called the "gentile shepherd" because he bored the House by asking over and over again, during the debate on the Cider Bill of 1763, that somebody should tell him "where" to lay the new tax if it was not to be put on cider. Pitt whistled the air of the popular tune Gentle Shepherd, tell me where, and the House laughed. Though few excelled him in a knowledge of the forms of the House or in mastery of administrative details, he lacked tact in dealing with people and with affairs.
In 1749 Grenville married Elizabeth Wyndham (before 1731-5 December 1769), daughter of Sir William Wyndham. They had seven children.
Mu'izzi
Amir Abdollah Muhammad Mu'izzi (1048-1125) was an 11th century and 12th century poet. He was from Persia, and was the poet laureate of Sanjar. He was from the village of Nisa. He is considered one of the great masters of the Persian panegyric qasideh.
He lived in the courts of Malik Shah I and Sultan Sanjar. His divan of 18,000 distichs remain. Anvari says Mu'izzi copied the verses of other poets (this cannot be proven for certain). Anvari himself is known to have copied Mu'izzi's verses. Mu'izzi is said to have died by an arrow shot by the King's son in 1125 for unknown reasons. He was accidentally shot by Sanjar.
Example
Ghazel of Mu'izzi in Tajik:
translation -
Shabestari
Mahmud Shabestari (1288-1340; ) is a Persian Sufi poet. He was born in the city of Tabriz. His most famous poem is called Gulshan-i Rāz (Persian: گلشن راز meaning "A Secret Rose Garden"). Gulshan-i Rāz is an important Sufi text.
Prokopyevsk
Prokopyevsk (Прокопьевск) is a city in Kemerovo Oblast, Russia. Population:
History
It was founded in 1918 as the settlement of Prokopyevsky (Проко́пьевский). It was given town status and renamed to Prokopyevsk in 1931.
Economy
Prokopyevsk is one of the main places of coal mining in the Kuznetsk Basin (Kuzbass).
Shape
A shape is a geometric figure that can be made with mathematics. Shapes are sorted into kinds based on how the shape looks, and what the shape is made of. For example, shapes can be classified by how many dimensions they use.
Two shapes are said to be equal, if one can be changed into the other by turning, moving, growing, shrinking, or more than one of these at once. Geometry is a section of mathematics which involves many shapes and sizes of different figures and their properties.
2D shapes
These are two-dimensional shapes or flat plane geometry shapes. Their sides are made of straight or curved lines. They can have any number of sides. Plane figures made of lines are called polygons. Triangles and squares are examples of polygons.
New Zealand Media and Entertainment
New Zealand Media and Entertainment (shortened as NZME) is a New Zealand newspaper, radio and digital media company. It began in 2014 as an official merger between APN News & Media's New Zealand division  and The Radio Network, part of the Australian Radio Network. It operates 32 newspapers, 9 radio networks and several websites in 25 markets across the country, serving more than three million people.
Shape
3D shapes
These are three-dimensional shapes. Their sides are made of flat or curved surfaces. 3D shapes are most often made of polygon faces. These 3D shapes are called polyhedra.
New Zealand Media and Entertainment
Brands
The NZME brands incorporate the national newspaper The New Zealand Herald, local newspapers Bay of Plenty Times, Rotorua Daily Post and Northern Advocate. He runs the GrabOne website  and iHeartRadio in New Zealand. The Radio division operates the Newstalk ZB, The Hits, ZM, Radio Hauraki, Flava, Coast, Gold and Gold AM radio networks on radio frequencies nationwide and through the iHeartRadio digital listening website and mobile app.
Nowdan
Nowdan (, also Romanized as Nowdān and Naudān) is a city and capital of Kuhmareh District, in Kazeroon County, Fars Province, Iran.
Cat Deeley
Catherine Elizabeth "Cat" Deeley (born 23 October 1976) is an English television presenter, model, actress, and television personality.
From 1998 to 2002, she hosted the children's programme SMTV Live and its spin-off chart show CD:UK. Deeley became the last presenter of Stars In Their Eyes. She has been nominated five times for a Primetime Emmy Award.
Myoglobin
Myoglobin is a protein that is able to bind oxygen. Myoglobin, which is similar to haemoglobin, is the main oxygen-carrying pigment of muscle tissues. Like haemoglobin, it has a porphyrin ring with an iron atom at its centre. It is in the muscle tissue of most mammals. Seals and other marine mammals have more myoglobin in their muscles than land animals.
In humans, increased level of myoglobin in the serum of the blood can be an indication of myocardial infarction. Other factors for a higher level can be damage to the muscles, epileptic seizures, polytrauma. If the value is much too high, this can lead to kidney failure.
Myoglobin belongs to the globin superfamily of proteins, and as with other globins, consists of eight alpha helices connected by loops. Myoglobin has 153 amino acids.
Sohrab Sepehri
Sohrab Sepehri (October 7, 1928 - April 21, 1980) was an Iranian poet and painter. He was born in Kashan, Iran. His poems are in Persian. His most famous poetry book is Hasht Ketab (Eight Books). His poems have been translated to French, English, Arabic, Italian, Swedish, Hindi and Russian. Sohrab Sepehri died in Tehran.
Captain
Captain is a military rank.
Captains are officers in an army. In a navy, the commander of an entire ship is called "Captain" even if he is actually a lower rank. A Navy Captain rank is equal to the army rank of colonel. Another type of captain may command a merchant vessel or other ship that is not in a navy.
There are also captains in other uniformed organisations, including the police. A leader of a sports team is also called a captain, as well as the pilot of an airliner.
Federal
Federal could mean:
Bokermannohyla sapiranga
Bokermannohyla sapiranga is a frog that lives in southeastern Brazil.
Kim (novel)
Kim is a famous book. It is a novel by the Nobel Prize winning English writer, Rudyard Kipling. It was first published in 1901.
Background
The book is set after the Second Anglo-Afghan War which ended in 1881, but before the Third, probably in the period 1893–98 The novel is notable for its detailed picture of the people, culture, and varied religions of India.
Summary
The novel tells the story of a young Irish orphan, Kimball O'Hara, better known as 'Kim'. He is living in British India and brought up by his ayah (nursemaid) in the old Punjabi city of Lahore (now in Pakistan). Kim meets a Buddhist Lama (priest) and has many exciting adventures, traveling along the Grand Trunk Road. Some other interesting characters in this story are Mahbub Ali, Colonel Creighton, Lurgan-sahib and Hurree Chandar Mukerjee.
Critical View
Kim is Kipling's most important work and a significant work about India and the British Raj, and the famous 'Great Game' of espionage played there between the British Empire and Russia in the 19th century. It is also his most 'enchanting' prose work and may well be compared to other great English literary classics by Geoffrey Chaucer, Shakespeare and Charles Dickens.
Waterfall
A waterfall is a place where water rushes down a steep ledge. The water flows from higher land, then it falls down a big step of rock to lower land of softer rock where it will continue on its journey. Usually the lower land is in a gorge. Waterfalls are usually made when a river is young, in places where softer rock is underneath harder rock in the waterfalls.
The highest waterfall in the world is Angel Falls in Venezuela where the water falls 979 m.
Police Academy
Police Academy is a popular movie and television series.
Freudenberg
Freudenberg can refer to several things:
Khonj
Khonj (, also known as Khunj and Khunji) is a city and capital of Khonj County, Fars Province, Iran.
Kirchzell
Kirchzell is a market community in the Miltenberg district in the region of Lower Franconia in Bavaria, Germany.
Place
This community in the Odenwald is at the three-state common point shared by Bavaria, Hesse and Baden-Württemberg.
Kirchzell is the biggest municipality by land area in the Miltenberg district with a great amount of woodland, and it is in the Geo-Naturpark Bergstraße-Odenwald.
Nearby towns include Amorbach, Erbach, Michelstadt, Miltenberg, Mudau and Walldürn.
Constituent communities
Kirchzell's Ortsteile are Breitenbach, Breitenbuch, Buch, Kirchzell, Ottorfszell, Preunschen and Watterbach.
Art museum
An art museum or art gallery is a place where works of arts are shown for people to look at. These works of art are usually paintings, but they can also be sculptures, photographs or other visual art works. Most art museums are open for the public to visit, but there are also some which are private.
Manolo Gabbiadini
Manolo Gabbiadini (born 26 November 1991) is an Italian professional footballer. He plays as a striker for Serie A club Sampdoria. He is a former Italy under-20 and under-21 international. He has played for the senior Italian national team since 2012.
Gabbiadini was born in Calcinate. Between 2009 and 2013, he played for Atalanta, Cittadella, Juventus and Bologna. In 2013, he signed for Sampdoria. In July 2015, he was sold to Napoli, before moving to English side Southampton during in January 2017. In 2019, he returned to Sampdoria.
On 12 March 2020, during the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic, it was made clear that Gabbiadini had tested positive for COVID-19.
Paula White
Paula Michelle White-Cain (née Furr; April 20, 1966) is an American preacher, author, televangelist and exponent of prosperity theology, a controversial religious belief that assumes that material prosperity is a proof of God's grace.
White became chair of the evangelical advisory board in Donald Trump's administration. In November 2019, Trump appointed White as special advisor to the Faith and Opportunity Initiative at the Office of Public Liaison.
From 2014 until May 2019,  she was senior pastor of New Destiny Christian Center, in Apopka, Florida, a non-denominational, multicultural megachurch. She was formerly the co-pastor of Without Walls International Church in Tampa, Florida, a church she co-founded with pastor and then-husband Randy White in 1991.
She was listed number three on the "50 Most Powerful 2017: Philanthropy & Community Voices" list in the Orlando Magazine July 2017issue.
Iran–Iraq War
The Iran–Iraq War was a war between the armed forces of Iraq and Iran lasting from September 1980 to August 1988. It began when Iraq invaded Iran on 22 September 1980, after a long history of border disputes and after Iran demanded the overthrow of Saddam Hussein's regime. Iraqi forces did well at the beginning of the war, taking Iranian Khuzestan province, but they were stopped and forced out of Iran before long. The war continued for years, and neither side gained much ground in the resulting trench warfare. About a million soldiers died, and a similar number of civilians. Both sides used blockade, which other countries opposed. Despite several calls for an end to the fighting by the United Nations Security Council, the two countries fought until 20 August 1988; the last prisoners of war were exchanged in 2003. The war changed politics in the Middle East and worldwide.
The Iran–Iraq War is also noted for Iraq's use of chemical weapons and biological weapons against Iranian troops and civilians. The role of the United States and Soviet Union was vital, dating back to the Cold War. In 1953, the US encouraged a coup d'état against Mohammad Mosaddegh, who was the Prime Minister of Iran. Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi returned to power, supporting his military and his government. The United States sold many weapons to the Shah's government. Meanwhile, revolutionaries of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party overthrew the king of Iraq and, with the help of the Soviet Union, built up their army. Starting with the United Arab Republic, they sought to unite all the Arabs into one state, including the Arab minority in Iran.
After the war started (especially between 1983 and 1988), the United States sold weapons to the Iraqis. This move was mainly due to America's interest in containing the revolutionary Ayatollah Khomeini. Thus, both the Soviet Union and the United States supplied Iraq with weapons against Iran. The United States had sold many weapons to Iran before the war. It was believed the Soviet Union was selling weapons to both sides during the war.
Shatt al-Arab
The Shatt al-Arab waterway, bordering Iraq and Iran, is crucial to Iraq, because it is its only major outlet to the sea. The waterway is controlled by Iraq and has been a source of tension between the states long before the Iranian revolution. The main reason for tension around this waterway has been its function as a border. Because of this, it has been an issue between the Ottomans and Iran. After the fall of the Ottoman Empire, the waterway was controlled by Iraq. However, in 1969 Shah Reza refused to pay fees for Iranian ships passing the waterway. He also started backing up Kurdish separatists groups in Northern Iraq. To stop the support of Iran to the Kurds, Saddam signed the Algiers agreement in 1975. Iran stopped supporting the Kurds, and the border was placed in the middle of the waterway. One of the reasons, according to Saddam himself, for being pressured to sign this agreement was the military advancement of Iran during the rule of the Shah. Saddam withdrew the agreement several days before invading Iran, in September 1980, drawing upon the importance of the waterway. Before and during the war, Saddam was vocal about the right of Iraq to Shatt al-Arab as well as Khuzestan, the bordering Iranian region that is mainly inhabited by Iranian Arabs.
Threat of the Iranian revolution
The Pan-Islamic nature of the new Iranian state was in contrast with the Arab nationalist context of Iraq. After the establishment of the Islamic Republic in Iran, the secular yet authoritarian rule of Hussein felt threatened. A large Persian state posed a threat against the Pan-Arab ideology of Hussein. The Shia Muslims in Iraq were already posing a threat to Saddam by protesting and mobilizing against the Ba'ath regime. This only became worse after the Iranian revolutionaries called upon Iraqis also to initiate a revolution. Other than these political threats, Iraq was in a more fragile position geographically.
The Iranian revolution
In Iran, the Pahlavi dynasty had been ruling since 1925, after the overthrow of the Qajar dynasty. The Pahlavi empire aimed to create a westernised and progressive Iranian state. The second and last monarch, Shah Mohammed Reza, started implementing bolder reforms that affected citizens' daily lives. As a reaction, opposition from all parts of society began growing. Especially clergymen were encouraging the people to stand up against westernization and strive for an Islamic state ruled by Islamic jurists. Khomeini was one of the leading clerics during the period of political tension. In 1977, these tensions led to large-scale demonstrations and eventually the exile of the Shah. In 1979, the Islamic Republic of Iran was officially established, headed by Ayatollah Khomeini. This sudden turn of events in Iran came as a surprise to most countries. The rise of a shia power caused concerns in several surrounding countries. Especially in Iraq, where the Shia majority was ruled by the Sunni minority. It was not only the rise to power of clerics that was concerning. Khomeini and his counterparts were also vocal about their desires to create islIslamicates in the surrounding Muslim majority countries. The ultimate goal was to create a united Pan-Islamic state under Khomeini's rule.
Military power
Shah Mohammed Reza had invested a lot into the modernization of the Iranian army. He was fully backed by the United States, as they supported the anti-communist stance of Iran and saw this as an opportunity to have a state that supported US interests in that region. Thus, the Shah expanded navy, air and ground forces with modern weapons and imported western trainers for the army. For this reason, Iran became more capable than Iraq, also taking into account the army officers that were almost twice as many in Iraq. However, the revolution changed this military upper hand drastically. The revolutionaries did not understand the need for extensive arming supplies and did not want to be the policeman of the US. Therefore, Khomeini and his reign immediately canceled military contracts and sent away the western trainers. Because of the sudden regime change, the morale of the officers also lowered significantly, according to Iraqi intelligence at the time. A parallel military force was created by Khomeini, as the previous officers were in danger of a potential counter-revolution. These factors caused Iran to remain with a limited military force.
Start of the invasion
Iraq invaded Iran on September 22, 1980. Hussein was confident that the invasion would move swiftly, as the Iraqi army was well-equipped thanks to Saddam's investments in the military. Hussein also believed in a quick win due to intelligence reports stating that the Iranian army had been ineffective after the Iranian Revolution. It would later become clear that this invasion would benefit Khomeini by allowing him to eliminate his opposes and uniting his nation for national defense At the center of Iraq's objectives was the annexation of the East Bank of the Shaat Al-Arab waterway which had been the site of numerous border skirmishes between the two countries going back to the late 1960s. The president of Iraq, Saddam Hussein, also wanted to annex the Iranian province of Khuzestan, substantially populated by Iranian Arabs.
Offensive battles
Iraq mobilized many aircraft to carry out air strikes on 15 cities and air bases in Iran, including the capital Tehran. Beginning in March 1982, Iranian forces shifted to the counter-offensive. On 29 June 1982, Iraq announced that it had withdrawn its forces from the occupied Iranian territory and the border between the two countries was restored to its pre-war status. Iranian defenses are focused on the northern front to block the main routes and delay the Iraqi army's advance. Iran blocked the momentum of the Iraqi offensive and gradually seized the initiative in the war. In September 1981, Iran launched a major counteroffensive. At the end of September, the Iraqi siege of Abadan was lifted with the launch of a major Abadan counter-offensive. On April 20, Iran again concentrated the forces of nearly three divisions, and a large number of revolutionary Guards, about 100,000, launched the "Jerusalem Al-Quds Operation" offensive to recover the city of Khorramshahr. After 25 days of fierce fighting, the city of Khorramshahr, an important port city in the south, was finally recaptured. On 10 June, Iraq proposed and unilaterally implemented a cease-fire, announced that it recognized the continued validity of the Algiers Agreement signed by the two countries in 1975, and was ready to negotiate with Iran based on the recognition of Iraq's fundamental rights.
End of the war
The War lasted for seven years and 11 months (from September 2, 1980, to August 20, 1988, and successively experienced four strategic stages: Iraq's attack, Iran's counter-attack, Iran-Iraq stalemate, and Iraq's counter-attack. The two sides are inflexible and demanding too high a price for a truce. And Iran planned to use up the entire country's resources to participate in there, their insistence on playing the long encouraged by its vast population and religious fanaticism.
The Iran–Iraq War was one of the longest wars of the 20th century. It was a veritable war of attrition, a pyrrhic war with no victor. Before the war, Iraq had foreign exchange reserves of us $37 billion. At the end of the war, its foreign debt was over US$70 billion, of which over US$40 billion was arms debt owed to western countries and the Soviet Union, and the ver US$30 billion was loans owed to other Arab countries.
Iraq suffered 180,000 deaths, 250,000 injuries, and $350 billion in direct losses (including military expenditures, war damage, and economic losses). Iran also owes $45 billion in foreign debt, has 350,000 deaths and more than 700,000 injuries, and 200,000 women in Tehran alone have lost their husbands; Direct losses of $300 billion. The war has set back the economic development plans of both countries by at least 20 to 30 years. The battle took a heavy toll on both countries, halting economic growth, plummeting oil exports, and killing millions. As a result, Iraq has also been saddled with a large debt, amounting to $14 billion for Kuwait alone. That was one of the reasons Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait.
Safashahr
Safashahr (Dehbid) (, also Romanized as Şafāshahr; formerly, Dehbid (Persian: دهبید )) is a city and capital of Khorrambid County, Fars Province, Iran.
Bastard
A bastard is a person who was born of parents who are not married to one another. It is considered by some cultures and individuals as a nasty or insulting word, or sometimes even profanity, with the term illegitimate being a little more polite. Some cultures see illegitimate children as dirty or bad, and only accept sexual relations between married couples.
Iran–Iraq War
End of the war
At the end of the war, the national border between the two countries was restored to the pre-war situation.
Private Property (1960 movie)
Private Property, sometimes credited as Private Property!, is a 1960 American crime drama movie directed by Leslie Stevens and starring Corey Allen, Warren Oates, Jerome Cowan, Kate Manx. It was distributed by Citation Films.
Papaléo Paes
João Bosco Papaléo Paes (August 27, 1952 – June 25, 2020), better known simply as Papaléo Paes, was a Brazilian politician. Paes was born in Belém, Pará.
Kleinheubach
Kleinheubach is a market community in the Miltenberg district in the region of Lower Franconia in Bavaria, Germany and the seat of the municipal association. About 3,600 people live in Kleinheubach.
Saadi
Sheikh Muslih-ud-Din Mushrif-ibn-Abdullah Saadi Shirazi (1184-1291) or Saadi was a Persian poet. He was born in Shiraz, Iran. He went to Baghdad to study Arabic literature and Islamic sciences in Nizamiyya University of Baghdad. He travelled to Anatolia, Syria, Egypt and Iraq. His most famous poetry book is the Bostan (, meaning The Orchard). He also wrote the Golestan (, meaning The Rosery). His poems are in Persian and Arabic.
Kleinheubach
Neighbouring communities
Kleinheubach borders on (from the north, clockwise): Grossheubach, Miltenberg, Rüdenau, Michelstadt (in Hesse) and Laudenbach.
Iraj Mirza
Jalalolmamalek pesar-e Gholam-Hossein Mirza (October 1874 - 14 March 1926) or Iraj Mirza  was an Iranian poet. He was born in Tabriz, Iran.
His most famous poems are Satan (in Persian: Ebleess), Mother (in Persian: Maadar), Woman's picture (in Persian Tassvir-e-Zan), Story of the Hijab (in Persian Daastaan-e Chaador) and the story of Zohreh and Manouchehr (in Persian: Daastaan e Zohreh o Manouchehr).
Papaléo Paes
Paes was Mayor of Macapá from 1993 to 1996. He was a Senator from 2003 to 2011. He was also Vice-Governor of Amapá from 2015 to 2018. He was a member of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party.
Paes died on June 25, 2020 from COVID-19 in Macapá, aged 67.
Iran–Iraq War
Other Facts
When both countries were stuck in progress on the battlefield, they decided to sabotage supply convoys of each hander. Many ships from other countries suffered casualties. As the Iran-Iraq ship attack affected the interests of non-belligerent countries, Kuwait, in November and December, 1986, the United States, the Soviet Union, China, France, and the United Kingdom, the five permanent members of the United Nations, proposed to charter ships and escort requirements.
Parque das Nações
The Parque das Nações, is a freguesia (civil parish) of Lisbon, the capital of Portugal. It is located in eastern Lisbon, Parque das Nações is to the east of Olivais, north of Marvila, and south of Loures. In 2018, an estimated 31,000 people live in the area.
Statue of Alfred the Great, Southwark
The statue of Alfred the Great in Southwark may be London's oldest outdoor statue.
The lower part is from a Roman statue (late 1st or early 2nd century AD). The top is in late 18th or early 19th-century stone in mediaeval style.
The statue is in the centre of Trinity Church Square in Southwark. It is 2.6 m high and shows a broad-shouldered, bearded man wearing robes and a crown. It may show the 9th-century Anglo-Saxon king Alfred the Great. The statue now stands in the open air, but the back of the statue is quite plain. It may originally have stood in a niche.
Pen
A pen (Latin: pinna, feather) is a tool used for writing or drawing. The ink of the pen is pressed onto paper and dries very fast.
Reed pens are the oldest known type of pen. They were made from reeds growing in the delta of the Nile. The ancient Egyptians invented them, and also invented black ink, using soot and gum arabic. Their pens had split nibs to regulated the flow of ink to the writing tip. This simple design is still used in calligraphy today.
Quill pens are one of the oldest type of pens. A quill pen is the feather of a bird, usually a goose. The end of the feather (the quill) was kept very sharp and had to be dipped into ink after every few words.
Reed and quill pens are dip pens because they have to be dipped in ink many times during writing or drawing. Modern dip pens have nibs made of metal.
Fountain pens are like dip pens, but can hold enough ink inside to write several pages before being refilled. Inside, the ink is held in a sac or cartridge.
A ballpoint pen is generally cylindrical plastic shaft that holds ink and is smaller than a fountain pen. It has a small hard ball on the writing end that rolls the ink onto the paper.
A stylus is a pen that cannot write on paper, but can write on clay or wax. Styli of wood or metal have been used for thousands of years, for example in cuneiform writing. A modern computer stylus is usually made of plastic and may have electronics inside. It is used with a touchscreen.
Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow
Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow (4 September 1557, Wismar – 14 October 1631, Nykoping) was a German queen of Denmark and Norway. She was the mother of King Christian IV of Denmark and Anne of Denmark.
Family
She was the daughter of Duke Ulrich III of Mecklenburg-Güstrow and Princess Elizabeth of Denmark (a daughter of Frederick I and Sophie of Pomerania). Sophie married her cousin, Frederick II of Denmark, when she was 14. He was 37. The marriage was arranged by the Danish Council, who wished the King to marry. Though their ages were very different, their marriage was usually quiet and even happy. Queen Sophie was a loving mother, nursing her children herself when they were ill. Because her husband drank lots of wine and led an unfaithful life, she sent her three oldest children to live with her parents in Güstrow when they were young. She showed a great interest in science and visited the astronomer Tycho Brahe. She was also interested in the old songs of folklore. Her daughter, Anne of Denmark, would marry James VI of Scotland and become Queen Consort in 1589. She arranged the marriage against the will of the Council.
Liekkiö
Finnish mythology has several different kinds of Liekkiö ("flamey"). One of them is Ihtiriekko, a ghost of a bastard child.
Stories tells that a woman had sex with someone else than her husband. Maybe she did not even have a husband. She then get pregnant and gave birth to a baby. This way to make a baby was not accepted by church and society - that kind of baby is called bastard. Mother had to kill her bastard child to avoid being blamed by priests or other people. Mother then buried child outside graveyard and without priests blessing the body. Soul of baby could not go to heaven because his/her body was not at graveyard and was not blessed by a priest. This is why she became a ghost.
This ghost could make terrible noise until somebody dugs up his/her body and buries it in graveyard. Such ghost people call Ihtiriekko. Ghosts could also be quiet, but she/he might be seen as a flame in forest, like will o' the wisp. Such ghost people call Liekkiö.
Ihtiriekko
Normans
The Normans were Vikings who settled in northern France. There they made a kingdom called Normandy.
In 1066 the Normans attacked England and took over. The battle was called The Battle Of Hastings. They ruled England for about 300 years. There they built the Tower of London, Windsor Castle and many other stone castles.
Clothes
Normans wore woollen tunics and sometimes they wore a waistband to keep the tunic in place. The men also wore long cloaks.
Food
Normans ate dairy, oatmeal porridge, green vegetables and sometimes meat. They often used honey as a sweetener and for mead (an alcoholic drink).
Castles
Normans built many stone castles that often had moats around them to protect them from intruders.
Houses
Norman houses had a wooden frame with sticks and twigs woven in between, which is called wattle, and then it was all covered in a layer of daub which was made from mud, wet clay, dung and straw. The roofs were usually thatched.
Normans in Ireland
Diarmuid MacMurrough, King of Leinster kidnapped the King of Breifne’s wife. Then Rory O’Connor, the High King of Ireland fired him from being the King of Leinster. Diarmuid still wanted to be king so he hired some Normans, lead by Strongbow to help him get the throne back. Diarmuid had to pay Strongbow so he said that he could marry his daughter and become king when Diarmuid died. Strongbow agreed to this. They first came to Ireland at Bannow Bay, Wexford in 1169 and soon they got the throne back for Diarmuid. King Henry II, King of England and part of France, thought that Strongbow was getting too powerful since Strongbow wasn’t actually the king, so Henry decided to take over the whole of Ireland. He sent over some other Normans who arrived at Ireland in Baginbun, Wexford in 1170. Then King Henry II became King of Ireland as well.
While the Normans were in Ireland they built the original Dublin castle and many other stone castles.
Normans probably introduced rabbits and fallow deer to Ireland for meat and skins.
Kleinwallstadt
Kleinwallstadt is a market community in the Miltenberg district in the region of Lower Franconia in Bavaria, Germany and the seat of the Administrative Community.
Place
Kleinwallstadt is in the Bavarian Lower Main (Bayerischer Untermain) Region. The community has the following districts: Hofstetten, Kleinwallstadt.
Lil Loaded
Dashawn Maurice Robertson (August 1, 2000 – May 31, 2021) Deshawn known professionally as Lil Loaded, was an American rapper He rose to fame in the summer of 2019 after his song "6locc 6a6y" came out.
Career
Robertson started rapping in late 2018. He rose to prominence when YouTuber Tommy Craze included his song "6locc 6a6y" in a reaction video where he watched YouTube music videos with 0 views. "6locc 6a6y" received over 28million views on YouTube, and was later certified gold. Robertson later released "Gang Unit", which garnered more than 39million YouTube views.
After his "6locc 6a6y" hit, Robertson signed with Epic Records. Robertson released his first mixtape 6locc 6a6y in 2019. His first studio album A Demon in 6lue and second mixtape CRIPTAPE in 2020.
Personal life
In the summer of 2020, Robertson did an Instagram Live stream from a hospital bed. On October 25, 2020, Robertson suddenly killed his friend, Khalia Walker, while recording a music video. Robertson turned himself in to police on November 9, 2020, after a warrant was issued for his arrest. He was indicted on a lesser charge of manslaughter in connection with the incident in February 2021.
Death
Robertson died on May 31, 2021, at the age of 20. He was facing a manslaughter charge in the fatal shooting the prior year. His attorney stated that Lil Loaded died by committing suicide.
Bavarian State Opera
The Bavarian State Opera (in German: Bayerische Staatsoper) is an opera company based in Munich, Germany. It has been in existence since 1653. Its orchestra is the Bavarian State Orchestra. While opera performances are held in the Prinzregententheater (completed in 1901), the company's home base is the National Theatre Munich on Max-Joseph-Platz.
Peter Jonas is the General Director. He has been there since 1993 and is the first British director of any major German speaking Opera House. Since 1998 the conductor Zubin Mehta was music director of the Bavarian State Opera and Bavarian State Orchestra. He was followed in 2006 by Kent Nagano.
Jami
Nur ad-Din Abd ar-Rahman Jami (, August 18, 1414–November 19, 1492), or Jami, was a Persian Sufi poet. He was born in Jam, Persia. He studied science, Arabic literature, natural sciences, Islamic philosophy and Indian literature in Herat University. He went to Samarqand and completed his studies there. Jami wrote eighty seven books, in Persian and Arabic. Some of his books have been translated to English. His poems are collected in a Divan.
Lamerd
Lamerd (, also Romanized as Lāmerd and Lāmard; also known as Tarakma) is a city and capital of Lamerd County, Fars Province, Iran.
Maamme
"Maamme" (say:, meaning "Our Land") is the national anthem of Finland. The words of the song are based on the first chapter of the Swedish epic poem called The Tales of Ensign Stål, which was written by a priest named Johan Ludvig Runeberg, who was the national poet of Finland at the time. These words were later translated into the Finnish language. The melody of this song was composed by German-born musician Fredrich Pacius around the same time.
The national anthem of Finland is de facto; in other words, the Finnish national anthem is not official, because the Constitution has yet to mention a national anthem.
This melody of the song is also the same one used in the national anthem of neighbouring Estonia.
Lyrics
The original text to the song has eleven verses, but nowadays, only the first and last verses (highlighted in bold) are part of the national anthem. However, three verses – the first in Finnish and in Swedish, and the last in Finnish – can be sung if among the singers are Swedes and Finns together.
Freguesia
Freguesia, translated as "parish", is the third-level administrative subdivision of Portugal. A freguesia is a subdivision of a município (municipality). Each parish use the name of a landmark in the area or of the patron saint from Catholic parish (paróquia in Portuguese).
Samoyed dog
The Samoyed is a dog breed that are usually white in color but they can be grey or cream too. They can get between 2-3 feet in height. The Samoyed breed is known for having a curled tail, much like a Husky. They have a thick coat of fur to protect them from the cold because they were used to drag sleighs in the cold. Samoyeds are really friendly, so they will not make good guard dogs because they are too cute and fluffy and are really friendly.
Gold Snatchers
Gold Snatchers is a 1973 Hong Kong action drama movie directed by Lung Chien and starring Hsien Chin-Chu and Yasuaki Kurata.