cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Theo Kley
In 1968 Kley founded the Eksoties Kietsj Konservaatoriejum and in 1969 he was one of the founders of the Insektensekte. He worked together with the dentist-artist Max Reneman and the violinist Hub Mathijsen. Their work was photographed by Cor Jaring. In 1969, together with Roelof Kiers (VPRO) and others, he wrote the television opera Moeder wat is er mis met deze planeet (translanted: Moeder what's wrong with this planet). In 1971, together with Max Reneman, Robert Jasper Grootveld, Hub Mathijsen and others, he founded the "Deskundologisch Laboratorium".
In 1972, together with Guus Boissevain, Aad van der Mijn, Rudolf Stokvis and the poet Leo van der Zalm, he founded the Amsterdams Ballon Gezelschap.
Kley died in Amsterdam on 15 October 2022, aged 85.
Domingos da Guia
Domingos Antônio da Guia (born in Rio de Janeiro, November 19, 1912 – died in Rio, May 18, 2000) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team. He is regarded as one of the best defenders of all time. He is considered one of the greatest idols in the history of Flamengo and Corinthians and the best central defender in Brazil in the 1930s. Nicknamed "The Divine Master". The way he played he led a revolution in football, he liked to keep the ball next to his foot and he never punted away. Watching him was true entertainment, and if isn't enough, he was solid and consistent in his marking.
Early days
Domingos was born into a very humble family in the Bangu neighborhood. He worked for a few years in a textile factory before starting to play for Bangu in the Rio de Janeiro tournament.
Club career
He quickly gained fame as one of the main players (central defender) of Bangu between the years 1929-1932. Despite the fact that Bangu had a history of black players (Francisco Carregal was the first in 1905) Domingos witnessed racism in soccer as he grew up. Seeing the brutality some of the black players received is believed to have inspired Domingo's extraordinary ability to dribble the ball around defenders, a trait Brazilians would become famous for around the world. After Bangu, Domingos moved to Uruguay 's National Football Club for just one season, after brief spells at Vasco da Gama (Brazil), in the Club Atlético Boca Juniors (Argentina) and then finding a home in Flamengo (between the years 1935-1943). A brief spell at Corinthians saw Domingos return to his beloved Bangu in 1947 where he would stay until his retirement in 1950.
International career
In the Brazilian national team, Domingos played 30 matches, of which the team won 19, drew 3 and lost 8. He made his debut for the national team on July 2, 1931, when the Brazilian national team defeated Ferencváros 6-1. He wasn't selected to play for the 1934 FIFA World Cup. He was left out to be in the Brazilian squad that took part for the Copa América in 1937. He played in the 1938 FIFA World Cup, with Brazil taking third place. With the national team as a team captain and he was selected as one of the best defenders during that tournament, he won the Rio Branco Cup in 1931 and 1932, and the Roca Cup in 1945 as team captain. And he participated in three Copa América tournaments in 1942 where Brazil finished third, 1945 and 1946 where Brazil finished as runners-up.
The Boy Who Cried Wolf
The Boy Who Cried Wolf is a fable by Aesop.
Venero Mangano
Windows case
From 1978 to 1990, four of the five crime families of New York formed a cartel of window replacement companies. The cartel eventually controlled over $150 million in contracts from the New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA).
Convictions
As a member of the Genovese crime family, Mangano had a notable criminal record;
Schopfloch, Bavaria
Schopfloch is a municipality in the district of Ansbach in Bavaria in Germany. It is the home of Lachoudisch, a rare Hebrew-infused German dialect.
Venero Mangano
After jail
In 1997, while still in prison, Mangano was called to testify against boss Gigante. He refused to testify, saying, "What do you want to do, shoot me?" and "Shoot me, but I'm not going to answer any questions". He later took the witness stand, but refused to answer any questions, invoking his Fifth Amendment rights.
Death
Mangano died of congestive heart failure in New York City on August 18, 2017 at the age of 95.
Lonely Hearts (1991)
Lonely Hearts is a 1991 American drama, romance, mystery & suspense television movie. It was directed by Andrew Lane. It is considered a modern film noir. Lonely Hearts is about a lonely woman who becomes obsessed with a con man. She even poses as his sister to help him trick other women.
Chopped (TV series)
Chopped is a reality-themed cooking competition series that airs on Food Network. Four chefs compete in three rounds or segments on the show: appetizer, entree and dessert. After each round, a chef is eliminated until there is one winner at the end. The winner is given $10,000. In each round, the chefs are given three to five food items that must be in their dish. There is a large pantry and refrigerator that the chefs can use as well. In each round the chefs are given a limited time to complete their dish. The appetizer part lasts twenty minutes. The entree and dessert parts last thirty minutes. Three guest chefs judge each round.
The Crow and the Pitcher
The fable is about a crow that is thirsty and comes across a pitcher of water. When the crow looks in the pitcher, the water is at the bottom and is out of the crow's reach. The crow tries to push the pitcher over but fails to do so. It drops pebbles in the pitcher, one by one, until the water rises to the top of the pitcher which allows the crow to drink. Avianus follows the fable with a moral that emphasizes the virtue of ingenuity: "This fable shows us that thoughtfulness is superior to brute strength."
Rosetta Stone
The Rosetta Stone is a stone with writing carved into it. There are 3 types of writing on the Rosetta stone; Greek, Egyptian, and another form of Egyptian writing. French soldiers found it in Egypt in 1799. It helped people get a better understanding of the Ancient Egyptian writing system called hieroglyphics. Its discovery led to the translation of Ancient Egyptian writing. The stone is named after the city where it was found, Rosetta (also called Rashid). The stone is now in the British Museum in London.
It had three pieces of writing on it that said the same thing in two different languages. Two pieces of writing were written in Ancient Egyptian, but in two different scripts: Demotic and hieroglyphics. The third writing was written in Ancient Greek.
The historians could already read the Greek. Using this knowledge they were able to work out how to read the Egyptian scripts.
The complete Greek text, in English, is about 1600–1700 words in length. The text is a royal decree from the Hellenistic period about the taxes of temple priests. It gives them back the tax privileges they had earlier. Some scholars believe that several copies of the Rosetta Stone might exist, as this proclamation must have been made at many temples.
The discovery of the stone
The soldiers who discovered the stone were part of Napoleon Bonaparte's 1798 campaign in Egypt. It was given to the British as part of the surrender arrangements when French forces were caught in Alexandria by the Battle of the Nile and a larger force of British and Ottoman troops. The surrender and treaty is called the Capitulation of Alexandria. Under the treaty, the French had to hand over their archaeological discoveries to the British, and that included the Rosetta Stone.
Part of the text
These are some of the translated words on the stone: "In the reign of the new king who was Lord of the diadems, great in glory, the stabilizer of Egypt, and also pious in matters relating to the gods, superior to his adversaries, rectifier of the life of men, Lord of the thirty-year periods like Hephaestus the Great, King like the Sun, the Great King of the Upper and Lower Lands, offspring of the Parent-loving gods, whom Hephaestus has approved, to whom the Sun has given victory, living image of Zeus, Son of the Sun, Ptolemy the ever-living, beloved by Ptah;
In the ninth year, when Aëtus, son of Aëtus, was priest of Alexander and of the Savior gods and the Brother gods and the Benefactor gods and the Parent-loving gods and the god Manifest and Gracious; Pyrrha, the daughter of Philinius, being athlophorus for Bernice Euergetis; Areia, the daughter of Diogenes, being canephorus for Arsinoë Philadelphus; Irene, the daughter of Ptolemy, being priestess of Arsinoë Philopator: on the fourth of the month Xanicus, or according to the Egyptians the eighteenth of Mecheir.
Shaimaa Sabbagh
Sabbagh was a leading member of the Socialist Popular Alliance Party. She became a symbol against Egypt's military.
A photograph of Sabbagh's death got international attention. The Egyptian photographer was Islam Osama. He worked for the Egyptian newspaper Youm El Sabea. His photo received the Shawkan Photo Award in 2015. The man in the picture who tried to help Sabbagh was Sayyid Abu el-Ela. He was a friend who was also at the demonstration.
A police officer was convicted of killing her. In 2015, the conviction was reversed.
Shaolin Soccer
Shaolin Soccer is a 2001 Hong Kong comedy movie. It was co-written and directed by Stephen Chow. He also stars in the lead role. The movie is about a former Shaolin monk. He reunites his five brothers, years after their master's death. They apply their superhuman martial arts skills to play soccer and bring Shaolin kung fu to the masses.
Dominick Cirillo
Dominick Vincent "Quiet Dom" Cirillo (born July 4, 1929) is an American gangster. He is a high-ranking member of the Genovese crime family, who briefly served as acting boss for the imprisoned Boss Vincent "Chin" Gigante. He was born in Harlem, New York.
Cirillo represented the Genoveses in their dealings with the other Mafia families of New York City after Gigante was jailed, though Gigante remained in overall charge of the family. In this way, Cirillo served as "acting boss", and was seen by US authorities as the most powerful member of the Genovese family. However, in 1998 Cirillo stepped down as acting boss because of a heart attack.
Philip Carteret (colonial governor)
[[File:Philip Carteret (1733-1796).jpg|alt=Philip Carteret 1733-1796, aged:63|thumb|Philip Carteret, 1755
Dominick Cirillo
On August 22, 2008, the 79-year-old Cirillo was released from federal prison after serving more than three years.
Philip Carteret (colonial governor)
age lived to: 63
Uuvudhiya Constituency
Uuvudhiya Constituency is the biggest constituency in the Oshana Region of Namibia. It has 4,357 people living there, its capital is the settlement of Uuvudhiya. The constituency had 2,869 registered voters in 2004. Lake Oponona, the largest lake in the Cuvelai Basin, is located in Uuvudhiya Constituency and is a local attraction.
Geographical Names Board of New South Wales
The Geographical Names Board of New South Wales is the official organization that records details of  places and geographical names in  New South Wales, Australia. It was set up in 1966. The Board has nine members.
Activities
The Geographical Names Act, 1966, gives the Board the right to name places, and to find out and decide on the form, spelling, meaning, pronunciation, origin and history of any geographical name. It also decides where and how the name can be used.
A place is any geographical or topographical feature or any district, division, locality, region, city, town, village, settlement or railway station or any other place within the territories and waters of the State of New South Wales. It does not include roads, any local government areas, urban areas, counties or districts under the Local Government Act, electoral districts, subdivisions, or schools.
The Board has the power to keep and promote Aboriginal languages and acknowledge Aboriginal culture through place naming in NSW. The Board does this by using traditional Aboriginal place names or names with Aboriginal origin wherever it can. The Board can give traditional Aboriginal names to features that have been given introduced names through its dual naming policy.
The Board's policy is the same as the U.S. Board of Geographical Names, which removes possessive names from all place names in NSW. Roads called Smith's Road are changed to Smiths Road or Smith Road.
Uuvudhiya Constituency
Politics
In the 2010 regional elections, SWAPO candidate Seblon Paulus won the constituency with 1,621 votes, followed by Gabriel Jeremia of the Rally for Democracy and Progress who received 19 votes. In the 2015 local and regional elections the SWAPO candidate won became councillor after no opposition party nominated a candidate. For the 2020 regional election no opposition candidate participated, and Timoteus Shoopa a Shivute, the SWAPO candidate won and was elected.
Philip Carteret (colonial governor)
Born: 1733
Died:1796
]] Philip Carteret (born 1733, Trinity Manor, Jersey, Europe) was a commander in the Royal Navy. on the ship, the Salisbury, In 1747, he joined the colonial government of New Jersey. He stayed in the government until 1794. In December 1796, he died at age 63 after many years in service.
Early life
Carteret's mother was named Elizabeth. In 1733, in Jersey, Europe, Elizabeth Carteret gave birth to a little boy, and named him Philip.
Philip went to All Saints Church, Southampton, and when he was 14, he joined the Royal Navy. He worked on the ship the HMS Salisbury, later commanding on the Salisbury.
Tamerlan Tsarnaev
Tamerlan Anzorovich Tsarnaev (Тамерла́н Анзо́рович Царна́ев ; October 21, 1986 – April 19, 2013) and his brother Dzhokhar Tsarnaev planted bombs at the Boston Marathon on April 15, 2013. The bombings killed three people and reportedly injured as many as 264 others.
Death
Shortly after the Federal Bureau of Investigation declared them suspects in the bombings and released images of them, the Tsarnaev brothers killed an MIT police officer, carjacked an SUV. They soon engaged in a shootout with the police in the Boston suburb of Watertown.
According to the police, during the shootout Tamerlan was captured, but died partly as a result of his brother driving over him. He was 26 years old.
Red Rickshaw Revolution
Participants
Laura Turkington started the Red Rickshaw Revolution. She was then Director of the in India. Carina Deegan supported this activity of the foundation. Sunita Chaudhary was the first female auto rickshaw driver in Delhi NCR.
Les Engagés pour le Développement
Les Engagés pour le Développement also known as (EDE) is a political party created by former Prime Minister, former Minister of Foreign Affairs and Worship Dr. Claude Joseph.
Creation of the party
A group of citizens met in New York to discuss the various problems facing their Haiti and the need to put in place a structure that can contribute to its development. This first meeting, which brought together a total of 28 participants, was preceded by a series of preparatory meetings held online in August 2021.
The September 26 meeting ended with the signing of a joint declaration called “The New York Declaration” which is supposed to be the founding act of the Party. A steering committee and sectoral commissions have been set up to follow up on the decisions taken during this meeting.
A three-day follow-up and consolidation workshop took place at the end of October 2021 in Florida during which the founding members of the Party notably discussed and adopted the Statutes and the declaration of principles of "EDE".
Legal Recognition
On March 18, 2022, the EDE political party was formally and officially recognized by the Ministry of Justice and Public Security (MJSP). On April 4, 2022, the Party benefited from the status of a legal person with the Haitian State represented by the General Directorate of Taxes (DGI).
Nandi Yellaiah
Nandi Yellaiah (1 July 1942 – 8 August 2020) was an Indian politician. He was a member of the Indian National Congress party. From 2014 to 2019, he was member of Parliament of India from Nagarkurnool in the Lok Sabha. He was born in Hyderabad, India.
Yellaiah died on 8 August 2020 at a Hyderabad hospital from COVID-19, aged 78.
Serbian Dancing Lady
The Serbian Dancing Lady, also known as The Dancing Shadow, is an urban Serbian myth featuring a mysterious lady dancing in a weird manner in the streets of Serbia at night. The myth went viral via some videos on social media in 2019 and 2023. It wasn't possible to know the truth behind the dancing lady featured in the videos.
The myth
According to the myth, a Serbian lady fell in love with a man from another village, but her love wasn't approved by her family. Her spirit is believed to haunt Serbian rural areas, and people can see her dancing and singing sad songs. According to the legend, if anyone sees her, they must go through misfortune and eventually die. The myth has been featured in numerous Serbian cultural components, including music, literature, and film.
Social media phenomenon
In February 2023, an 12 second video with an upsetting sound in the background spread fear among internet users. It showed a mysterious woman dancing in the middle of the streets of Zvezdara, Belgrade and was claimed to have been filmed from the window of a nearby house. The woman is dressed in a traditional Serbian costume, waving her hands out to the sides and moving her heels from left to right repeatedly. A few people believe that though the lady in the 2021 video was in traditional Serbian costume, the lady in 2023 was in simple trousers and a shirt. The dance pattern is thought to be similar to a Serbian folk dance named Kolo. The mystery is supposed to have started in 1998, and since then, people have claimed to have spotted the mysterious lady numerous times. She is believed to carry a knife with her and jump in front of people and cars, threatening them. According to some unverified internet blog posts by people who claim to have encountered the lady, the lady claims herself to be the "ambassador of death" and she needs lives for an ancient ritual to resurrect the king of Serbia. Several videos have been spread on the internet claiming that the posters actually spotted the mysterious lady, and all of them captured her from behind. The 2023 video was claimed to have been filmed near a city hospital, and the elderly lady was allegedly mentally ill.
The 2023 video featuring the Serbian dancing lady on TikTok received over 105.3 million views and over 6.4 million likes. Later, it went viral on Twitter as well. The debate on whether the video is true or not is thought to be the reason it became popular.
According to some unverified rumors, the lady in the 2023 video has been arrested, while others argue that she was never found despite extensive investigation by the authorities.
Rolls-Royce Motor Cars
Rolls-Royce is a British automobile maker. It has been owned by BMW AG since 2003 – as the manufacturer of Rolls-Royce-branded cars. The company's headquarters are located in West Sussex, England, United Kingdom.
The company's current vehicles includes the Rolls-Royce Phantom, saloon first offered in 2003 the smaller Ghost four-door saloon; Wraith two-door coupé; Dawn convertible; the Cullinan SUV, and the future 2023 Spectre, the first electric Rolls royce. The Rolls Royce Cars are one of the "Lakhs of Luxuries" in the world.
Social Democratic Party of Austria
The Social Democratic Party of Austria (German: Sozialdemokratische Partei Österreichs, shortened to SPÖ) is one of the oldest political parties in Austria. Its politics are center-left. This means it has a strong stance in labour unions. The party rejects neoliberalism. They like moderate socialism and social democracy. A well known politician of this party was Bruno Kreisky. Their current motto is "Freedom, Equality, Justice and Solidarity" (German: Freiheit, Gleichheit, Gerechtigkeit und Solidarität).
Since the end of the Second World War, the party has been the strongest, or second-strongest party in Austria, by vote. The other party that they share this status with are the ÖVP.
Their main points in the 2006 elections were:
Mombar
Mombar, known as sheep fawaregh (in Arabic: فوارغ) is a delicious dish brought in the Arab countries,  it is  made from sheep intestines stuffed with a rice mixture and deep fried in oil. Mombar preparation takes some time and is considered a creamy dish.
Ingredients
A piece of Mombar (about 100 grams) contains about 149 calories. Some people make it in a healthy way for people with special dietary needs, such as people who are have Diabetes mellitus.
A serving of about 300 grams contains:
Naming
The Mombar in Egypt is what is known in Syria as qabwat, which are lambs or sheeps small intestines stuffed with rice. Filling varies and rice remains the main ingredient for filling.
Atari 2600
The Atari 2600 is a video game console released in the United States in October 1977. The Atari 2600 was originally called the Atari Video Computer System (or VCS). The Atari 2600 uses game cartridges which can be swapped in and out to change games, which was a new idea in video games at the time. Over 30 million Atari 2600 consoles were sold.
Name
While Atari designed their console, they code-named it Stella. When released in 1977, they called it the Video Computer System (VCS for short). There was also a version that was sold at Sears called the Sears Video Arcade. It was not called the Atari 2600 until the Atari 5200 released in 1982. The 2600 is called this because that is the part number the company used to tell the difference in versions.
Launch
When the Atari 2600 came out, it usually came with two joystick controllers, a pair of paddle controllers, and a game cartridge. There were initially nine games available at launch, featuring Combat (packaged with the console), Air-Sea Battle, Basic Math, Blackjack, Indy 500, Star Ship, Street Racer, Surround, and Video Olympics. The 2600 originally sold for $199.
Colors and graphics
The Atari 2600 uses different sets of colors depending on the television used with it:
Games
When the Atari 2600 was released nine games were available. Those games were Combat (which came with the console), Air-Sea Battle, Basic Math, Blackjack, Indy 500, Star Ship, Street Racer, Surround, and Video Olympics. Later more games came out, including Pac-Man, Missile Command and Space Invaders. The best-selling Atari 2600 game was Pac-Man, which sold 7 million copies.
Combat
Combat was chosen to be included in the box with the Atari 2600. It contained 27 games in one cartridge. Each game involved tanks, bi-planes, or jets.
Space Invaders
Space Invaders began as an intensely popular Japanese arcade game. In 1980 a version of the game was released for the Atari 2600. The pixelated aliens from this game are still used as a popular symbol for video games today.
Pac-Man
Pac-Man began as an arcade game developed by Namco. In 1982 a version was released for the Atari 2600. It sold the most copies of any game released for the Atari 2600 (7 million copies). Despite this, the game was not popular with critics and consumers, because of the major differences in gameplay between the 2600 version and the arcade version.
Third-party game development
In 1980 the Atari 2600 was at the middle of an important development in video games, the beginning of third-party developers for console video games. In 1980 a group of four dissatisfied Atari employees founded the company Activision, who then released four games: Dragster, Fishing Derby, Checkers, and Boxing. This was an important moment in video game history as now every video game console on the market depends on some third-party game support.
Atari emulators
Today those who want to play the games designed for the 2600 do not have to try to find the original console and cartridge as many of the games have been recreated in video game emulators. One such emulator, Stella, will function on most any operating system. After downloading this emulator users can download games from other websites and use this program to play them.
Entrée
An entrée [prounced IPA:αn-tre or "on-tray" in American English] is food served before the main course in a multi-course meal. Most entrees typically include a meat or protein (chicken, veal, steak, beef, pork or ham), a vegetable (broccoli, carrots) and a starch (potato, yam or so).
Nino Bule
Nino Bule (born 19 March 1976) is a Croatian football player. He has played for Croatia national team.
Club career statistics
238||61 40||23 51||10 11||1 340||95
International career statistics
!Total||3||0
Red Adams
Charles Dwight "Red" Adams (October 7, 1921 – January 18, 2017) was an American professional baseball player, scout and pitching coach. He played as a pitcher. He was best known for playing for the Los Angeles Angels and later being a scout for the Los Angeles Dodgers. He also played for the Chicago Cubs of the Major League Baseball (MLB) in 1946. He was born in Parlier, California.
Adams died on January 18, 2017 in Fresno, California at the age of 95.
Akshay Kumar
Akshay Kumar (born 9 September 1967) is an Indian film actor, producer and Martial artist. Kumar has appeared in over 100 films in Bollywood. He is based in Mumbai. Kumar is known for his hit movies. Kumar recently dubbed for the Hindi version of the movie Transformers: Dark of the Moon. Kumar was the voice actor for the role of Optimus Prime. This is one of the key characters in the film. He did the dubbing role as a gift for his son, Aarav. Optimus Prime was Aarav's favorite character so Kumar did it for free. Kumar was one of the highest paid actor in Bollywood in 2022. He has established himself as a leading contemporary actor in the Hindi cinema. He is also best known for his roles in the Housefull film series.
As a production head
In 2009, Kumar started the Hari Om Entertainment production company. In 2012, Kumar launched his next production house Grazing Goat Pictures. Their first production, OMG! (Oh My God!), had a slow opening, but because of word of mouth it picked up and then was declared a super hit.
Pouy-sur-Vannes
Pouy-sur-Vannes is a commune of the Aube département in the north-central part of France.
Black Douglas
The Black Douglas may refer to:
Wayne Cochran
Wayne Cochran (May 10, 1939 – November 21, 2017) was an American soul singer. He was known for his outfits and white pompadour hairstyle. He was sometimes referred to as The White Knight of Soul. Cochran was best known today for writing the song "Last Kiss", which he performed with the C.C. Riders. He was also known for his song "Goin' Back to Miami" which was used in the movie The Blues Brothers. He was born in Thomaston, Georgia.
Gray Fossil Site
The Gray Fossil Site is an Early Pliocene collection of fossils between 4.5 and 4.9 million years old. It is near the town of Gray in Washington County, Tennessee.
The site was discovered during road construction in May 2000. Local officials decided to preserve the site for research and education. The site is part of East Tennessee State University, and the Gray Fossil Site & Museum opened on the site in 2007.
Once, the land around the Gray Fossil Site was a pond inside a sinkhole surrounded by a warm, wet forest. The fossils found in the area show what lived and died in and around the sinkhole pond.
As the first site of its age known from the Appalachian region, the Gray Fossil Site is a unique window into the past. Research at the site has brought many surprising discoveries. These included new species of red panda, rhinoceros, pond turtle, hickory tree, and more. The site also hosts the biggest known collection of fossil tapirs.
History
In late May of 2000, this fossil-rich area was discovered during a Tennessee Department of Transportation road construction project on the outside of Gray, TN. As it became clear that the fossils were not usual for this part of the country, members of the local community began an effort to preserve the site.
Many of the fossil fauna and flora of the Gray Fossil Site are closely related to modern-day species in Europe and Asia, including red pandas, European badgers, Chinese moonseed, and Corylopsis. This shows that during the Early Pliocene, North America had a biogeographic link with Eurasia, probably at the easternmost part of Asia.
Fish
All of the fish fossils found at the Gray Fossil Site belong to the family Centrarchidae.
Birds
A preliminary study in 2011 identified several families of birds at the Gray Fossil Site, the most common of which were ducks.
Luís Vaz de Torres
Origins and early life
Torres has been presented as Portuguese, without any evidence other than his name. He is never called a Portuguese in the records but they note remarks made by crew members of the Portuguese origins of Pedro Fernandes de Queirós.
Torres entered the navy of the Spanish Crown and found his way to its South American colonies. By late 1605 he first entered the historical record as the nominated commander of the second ship in an expedition to the Pacific. The Portuguese born navigator Pedro Fernandes de Queirós proposed him for the position.
Gray Fossil Site
Mammals
Perissodactyls (odd-toed hoofed mammals)
Carnivora
Proboscidea (elephants)
Rodents
Lagomorphs
Bats
Invertebrates
Aquatic invertebrates of the Gray Fossil Site include ostracods, snails, and small clams. Insects are also known from fossilized exoskeletal remains and trace fossils, including at least four different families of beetles.
Plants
Plant fossils at the Gray Fossil Site include pollen, leaves, wood, fruits, seeds, and other structures which represent a diverse flora of angiosperms, conifers, ferns, lycophytes, and bryophytes. The forest flora was dominated by a variety of trees and shrubs, of which the most common were hickory, oak, and pine.
Several previously unknown extinct plant species have been identified at the Gray Fossil Site:
Algae
Algal microfossils have been identified as numerous freshwater species, including one previously unknown extinct species, Stigmozygodites grayensis, named from the Gray Fossil Site in 2013.
Fungi
Several types of fungi have been found from microfossil remains of fungal tissue and fruiting bodies.
Roger Pinto Molina
Roger Pinto Molina (23 April 1960 – 16 August 2017) was a Bolivian right-wing politician. Pinto was born in Santa Rosa, Beni. He was elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 1997, from the single-member constituency 67 in Pando (covering areas in the provinces Nicolás Suárez, Manuripi and General Federico Román) as a Nationalist Democratic Action (ADN) candidate.
In 2005, Pinto was elected to the Senate as a Podemos candidate from Pando. He served as the head of the Podemos faction in the Senate. He was reelected to the Senate in 2009, as a candidate of Plan Progress for Bolivia – National Convergence.
Pinto was accused of involvement in the September 11, 2008 massacre in Porvenir. Until his death, he sought refuge in the Brazilian Embassy in La Paz. He was granted asylum in Brazil but was not given safe conduct by Evo Morales Government to leave Bolivia.
Molina was killed in a plane crash on 16 August 2017 in Brazil at the age of 58.
Chang'an
Chang'an was the capital of ancient China of more than ten dynasties in Chinese history. Chang'an literally means "Perpetual Peace" in Classical Chinese. During the Xin Dynasty, the city was renamed "Constant Peace"; yet after its fall in the year 23 AD, the old name was restored. During the Ming Dynasty, the name was changed to its present name Xi'an, meaning "Western Peace".
History
The imperial city of Chang'an during the Han Dynasty was in northwest of today's Xi'an. During the Tang Dynasty, the area to be known as Chang'an included the area inside the Ming Xi'an fortification, plus some small areas to its east and west, and a major part of its southern suburbs. The Tang Chang'an was 8 times the size of the Ming Xi'an. During this time Chang'an was one of the largest and most populous cities in the world. Around 750 A.D. Chang'an was called a "million people's city" in Chinese records, while modern estimates put it at around 800,000–1,000,000 within city walls.
In 710, the grid of Japan's capital city at Heijō-kyō was planned to mirror the grid of Chang'an. In 794, the plan of the new capital at Heian-kyō also mirrored the Chang'an design.
Valentin Huot
Valentin Huot (1 May 1929 – 21 November 2017 ) was a French racing cyclist. He won the French national road race title in 1957 and 1958. He was born in Creyssensac-et-Pissot, France.
Huot died on 21 November 2017 in Manzac-sur-Vern, France of bronchopneumonia, aged 88.
David A. Granger
Brigadier David Arthur Granger (born 15 July 1945) is a Guyanese politician and retired military officer. He was President of Guyana from 2015 to 2020. He was Commander of the Guyana Defence Force and National Security Adviser from 1990 to 1992. He was Leader of the Opposition in the National Assembly of Guyana from 2012 to 2015.
In November 2018, Granger was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
In 2020, he lost his re-election bid to Irfaan Ali.
Luisinho (footballer, born 1911)
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Puberty
Puberty is what happens in children's bodies that changes them into adults. Puberty usually takes about four or five years. However, when most people say "going through puberty", they usually just mean approximately the first two years. After that, people sometimes use the word adolescence, although that is a not a very precise word. As girls and boys go through puberty, they become able to have sexual intercourse (sex) and produce children of their own. A girl can become pregnant and have a baby. During puberty, a boy's body begins making semen, and he starts to be able to ejaculate, which is semen shooting out from his penis when he is sexually excited. If he has sex with a girl, meaning he puts his penis into her vagina and ejaculates in her, he can make her pregnant.
There are also changes that happen in the brain. Boys and girls may think about sex more. While children of any age explore, touch and play with their sex organs from time to time, all boys and most girls going through puberty do this a lot. This is called masturbation and is a totally normal and healthy thing to do. Boys and girls going through puberty may question their sexual orientation, meaning they find they are more attracted to the people of the opposite sex, or to people of their own sex, or to both, or their sexual feelings may be fluid (changing) and complicated, often called being queer. People going through puberty often have strong emotions or feelings about many things. Other changes in the brain may make it harder learn a new language the way they learned language(s) when they were young. This change involves something called brain plasticity. It means that children's brains are more flexible in learning.
Puberty is started by hormones, which are chemicals that tell parts of the body to do things. For reasons which are not completely understood, girls and boys now start puberty when they are younger than it happened to boys and girls in the past. Some girls now start puberty at age 9 or 10 or even earlier. For boys puberty is also happening earlier. A 2012 study study found that, on average, African American (Black American) boys begin puberty at age 9 while white and Hispanic boys start at age 10, on average. People around the world start puberty at different ages. The reasons for girls and boys starting puberty earlier might be that they eat healthier food and drink more milk. Other reasons might be chemicals in food, chemicals in plastic containers, chemicals in the air and chemicals in the water. The reasons are not known for sure.
Puberty happening too early is called precocious puberty. This can create problems for the child. Sometimes a young person's body is wrong for what gender they feel they are. They feel there was a mix-up. In both these situations, drugs called puberty blockers can slow down or temporarily stop the process of puberty.
Changes that happen to boys and girls during puberty include the sex organs growing bigger, hair appearing on the body, and growing taller and stronger. These changes are called secondary sex characteristics. People often notice boys' voices getting deeper, and girls growing breasts and starting to menstruate (have periods).
Because puberty is the time in a child's life when he or she becomes able to make children, this is seen as very important. Therefore, people in many countries around the world have different ways of marking this event.
How the body controls puberty
Puberty is started and carried on by different hormones. Hormones are chemicals that tell parts of the body to do things. Hormones are made by glands in the body. Glands are organs (special parts) of the body that make hormones.
This is what happens during puberty:
When puberty starts and ends
On average, girls begin puberty at ages 10–11; boys it's unclear the average age due to the rise of early puberty (according to the 2012 study found African American boys starting to develop on average at age 9 while White and Hispanic at age 10) The experts who did this 2012 study said puberty starts in boys when Tanner stage 2 pubic hair is seen. Stage 2 pubic hair means a small amount of long downy (soft or fine) hair, with color, which is straight or only slightly curled. The hair is seen chiefly at the base of penis. In the past, it was said that for girls, puberty begins around 10 or 11 years of age and ends around age 16. Boys enter puberty later than girls. In the past, it was said that boys usually start puberty around 12 years of age and it lasts until around age 16 or 17." Girls usually complete puberty by ages 15–17, while boys usually complete puberty by ages 16–17. The major landmark of puberty for females is menarche, the onset of menstruation, which occurs on average between ages 12–13;   for males, it is the first ejaculation, which occurs on average at age 13. If puberty starts much later than average, the person is sometimes called a late bloomer.
For most boys, puberty takes about a few years, for White and Hispanic tend to start puberty about a year later than African American boys so you may not finish puberty until you're older. For African American boys it's normal to finish puberty a bit sooner. Teenagers are usually about 10 to 30 centimetres (cm) (4 to 12 inches (in)) taller, 7 to 29 kilograms (kg) (15 to 65 pounds (lb)) heavier, and stronger. He is also able to make a woman pregnant (have a baby).
In rich countries in the 21st century, the average age at which children, especially girls, reach puberty is lower compared to the 19th century, when it was 15 for girls and 16 for boys. This can be due to improved nutrition resulting in rapid body growth, increased weight and fat deposition, or eating meat from animals which have been dosed up with estrogen.
Girls usually reach their adult height and become sexually mature (able to have babies) about four years after puberty starts. Boys keep growing for about six years after puberty starts. Puberty in boys starts off more slowly than in girls, but then speeds up later on. Although boys are usually about 2 cm shorter than girls before puberty begins, men on average end up about 13 cm taller than women.
Sex organs grow bigger
The first sign of puberty in boys is that their testicles (also called the testes) and scrotum (the "bag" that the testicles are in) grow bigger. Before puberty, each testicle is about 1.5 to 2 cm (0.6 to 0.8 in) long and a volume of about 2 to 3 cubic centimetres (cc) (0.1 to 0.2 cubic inches (cu in)). About six years after puberty starts, the testicles reach their adult size. The volume of an average adult man's testicle is about 18 to 20 cc (1.1 to 1.2 cu in). However, it is normal for some men to have testicles smaller than this size, and for other men to have larger testicles.
The penis also grows bigger during puberty. At the start of puberty, the average length of the penis is 6 cm (2.4 in). The penis reaches adult size about five years later. A study done in 1996 found the mean length of an adult man's penis is 3.5 in (8.9 cm) when it is flaccid (not erect or hard). The average length of an erect penis is about 12.9 to 15 cm (5.1 to 5.9 in).
The testicles have two main jobs: to make hormones and sperm. The testicles make the hormone testosterone, which spreads around the body. This causes the changes in the body that make a boy grow into a man. Testosterone also makes a man feel like having sex. One year after puberty begins, when boys urinate (pee) after waking up in the morning, some sperm can be found in the urine. When a boy is about 13 years old his testicles will have grown to the stage that he may be fertile (able to make a woman pregnant). However, it will still be difficult for him to do so. Boys usually only become fully fertile when they reach about 14 to 16 years of age. The sperm in the testicles mixes with other liquids in the body to form a whitish or yellowish and sticky fluid called semen. During puberty, two glands in the body called the seminal vesicles and prostate also grow bigger. These glands make a lot of the liquid that is in semen.
When a man is sexually excited, he gets an erection – his penis becomes bigger, longer, and harder. A male can become sexually excited if thinks about sex or sees a good-looking person, or if his penis rubs against something. During puberty, some boys also have spontaneous erections. These are erections that happen by themselves without any reason. This can be embarrassing when it happens in a public place.
When a man's penis is sexually stimulated for some time, he has an orgasm and semen shoots out from the penis. This is called ejaculation. Boys who have not begun puberty cannot ejaculate. A boy's first ejaculation usually happens about one year after he begins puberty. For some boys, the first ejaculation takes place when they are sleeping. This is called a nocturnal emission or a wet dream. It happens without the boy's control, often when he is having a dream about sex. Scientists believe that wet dreams are the body's way of removing too much semen. A study was done of 5,300 white men in the United States in 1948 found that 13% of them had their first ejaculation through a wet dream, This seems to tell us that most boys have their first ejaculation after masturbating. A male masturbates when he rubs his penis to make himself feel good sexually. The study also found that most boys who have their first ejaculation by masturbating do this a year or more earlier than boys who have their first ejaculation through a wet dream. A 2004 survey by a magazine in Canada found that most males (43%) started masturbating when they were about 12 to 13 years old. When a boy begins masturbating, wet dreams often stop happening because semen is taken out from his body regularly.
When a boy starts to ejaculate, he usually produces only a small amount of semen. The semen is different from what an adult man produces. It is usually clear and stays sticky. It either has no sperm in it, or sperm that do not move properly or do not move at all. A boy's semen only becomes like an adult man's semen about two years after his first ejaculation.
Body hair and skin changes
Not long after a boy's testicles and penis start to grow, pubic hair begins to appear. Pubic hair is hair that grows in the pubic region, which is the part of the body where the penis is. Pubic hair is shorter, curlier, and rougher than hair on the head. It usually starts growing on the abdomen above the penis at the place where it joins the body. (The abdomen is the part of the torso where the navel or bellybutton is.) There may also be some hair on the scrotum. After about six months to a year, there will be a large triangle of hair in the pubic region. Within three to four years after puberty begins, there is a lot of pubic hair in the area above the penis. Later on, pubic hair also grows on the abdomen upwards towards the navel and on the insides of the thighs.
About two years after pubic hair starts to appear, hair also grows on other parts of the body:
The hair on the arms, legs, chest, abdomen, and back may also become thicker. Different men have different amounts of body hair. Many boys begin shaving when hair starts growing on their faces.
A larger amount of male hormones in the body cause changes in perspiration (sweat). This gives it a more "adult" body odor or smell. The hormones also cause sebaceous glands in the skin to make more sebum, a type of oil that keeps the skin from getting too dry. Sebum and dead skin cells can mix with a type of germ called bacteria and block pores (tiny openings) in the skin. This causes a skin problem called acne. Most people get acne during puberty. When a person has acne, he gets swellings on his skin called blackheads, whiteheads, and pimples. Blackheads and whiteheads are painless, but pimples can be red and painful. They usually form on the face but can also appear on the neck, shoulders, upper back, and chest. Oil glands on scalp – the part of the head on which hair grows – also make a lot of sebum. This can cause dandruff, in which small white bits of skin fall from the scalp.