cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
2020 Algarve Cup
The 2020 Algarve Cup was the 27th edition of the Algarve Cup, it is a women's football tournament held annually in Portugal. It happened between 4 and 11 of March 2020.
Germany was the winner, Italy did not play the final because of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy.
Kansas City metropolitan area
The Kansas City metropolitan area surrounds the city of Kansas City, Missouri. It includes 15 counties in both Missouri and Kansas. With a population of 2.34 million people, it is the second largest metropolitan area in Missouri behind Greater St. Louis. However, the Kansas city metropolitan area is currently showing a 3.1 percent growth rate. The St. Louis metropolitan area is only growing at a rate of .7 percent.
Television program
A television program (British spelling: programme) or television show or television series, is something that people watch on television. Several different kinds are made:
Television broadcasting presents many different television programs, one after another. In between television programs, a channel may use an announcer to tell the audience what the next program will be. On many channels in many countries, advertisements are shown for short periods of time during and between program screenings. These advertisements are not a part of the television program.
Jasmine Directory
History
The project was created in 2006 at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics by Pecsi Andras and Robert Gombos and shown to the public in 2009. It was developed using a core code created by TOLRA Micro Systems Ltd.
In 2013 and 2014, Ken Anderson—editor at the Magic City Morning Star, early meta editor for the Open Directory Project (DMOZ), and editor at Go.com and Zeal directories—rated Jasmine Directory in his "Top Ten Web Directories", where each directory is reviewed quarterly.
Currently, Jasmine Directory is based in Valley Cottage, New York.
Review fee and advertising
Jasmine Directory's editors add resources to the index by hand. Website owners can also suggest their websites for review by paying a fee. However, inclusion is not guaranteed if the suggested websites don't comply with the rules from the editors.
Because editors review every listing, search engines view listings in "quality directories" as valuable. Website owners report that submitting their sites to web directories can be worthwhile.
Ann Smarty—search marketer and writer at Entrepreneur, Mashable, and Moz—mentions Jasmine Directory as providing a "valuable user experience".
The company claims that review by editors is key in maintaining a neutral and useful index of information that doesn't depend on how any single user sees things, as Matt Cutts mentioned in 2011.
Bagh District
Bagh District (ضلع باغ) is one of the eight districts of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. The district, which had been part of Poonch District, was created in 1988. The district is bordered by Muzaffarabad District to the north, by Punjab in the east. It also borders the divided district of Poonch, to the south is the Poonch District of Azad Kashmir and to the east is the Poonch District of India's Jammu and Kashmir state. The total area of the district is 1,368 square kilometers. Bagh District is linked to Muzaffarabad by two roads, one via Sudhan Gali (80 km) and the other through Kohala (97 km). It is 46 km from Rawalakot. The district is well known for its confectionery and bakery products.
People
The total population of the district according to the 1998 census was 395,000 which is estimated to have increased to 434,000 in 2003, with an annual growth rate of 2%.
Administration
The district is divided into 3 tehsils:
Tripoli, Iowa
Tripoli is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Truro, Iowa
Truro is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Treynor, Iowa
Treynor is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Michel Tognini
Michel Ange-Charles Tognini (born September 30, 1949, in Vincennes, France) is a French test pilot, astronaut, educator, writer and administrator. Tognini is Head of the European Astronaut Centre (EAC) of the European Space Agency (ESA) in Cologne, Germany.
Tognini graduates École de l'Air.
Taiyo Koga
Taiyo Koga (古賀 太陽) is a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Koga was born in Niigata Prefecture on October 28, 1998. He joined J1 League club Kashiwa Reysol from their youth team in 2017. In June 2018, he moved to J2 League club Avispa Fukuoka on loan. He played many matches as center back. In 2019, he returned to Kashiwa which was relegated to J2 from 2019. Kashiwa was returned to J1 in a year.
In December 2019, Koga was selected the Japan national team for 2019 E-1 Football Championship. At this tournament, he debuted against Hong Kong on December 14.
Turin, Iowa
Turin is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Taiyo Koga
Statistics
100||2||3||1||14||0||117||3 100||2||3||1||14||0||117||3
Jonesboro, Georgia
Jonesboro is a city in Clayton County, Georgia, United States. The population was 4,724 as of the 2010 census. The city is the county seat of Clayton County.
B. Smith
Barbara Elaine Smith (August 24, 1949 – February 22, 2020), professionally known as B. Smith, was an American restaurateur, model, author, businesswoman and television host. She was born in Everson, Pennsylvania.
Võ Văn Kiệt
Võ Văn Kiệt (23 November 1922 – 11 June 2008) was a Vietnamese politician who was Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam from 8 August 1991 until 25 September 1997. He has been praised by the media as having promoted the process of Đổi mới and policy reform in Vietnam since 1986. He was the master engineer of many of the bold projects of the Đổi mới period.
B. Smith
Smith made two appearances on Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, once as a model for Queen Sara's wedding dress, and once giving a tour of her restaurant, B. Smith, and making raspberry custard with Fred Rogers and her head chef, Henry.
Smith appeared as herself on "Prelude to a Kiss", a 1999 episode of the sitcom Sabrina the Teenage Witch.
Muzha metro station
Muzha is a metro station on the Wenhu Line in Taipei, Taiwan. The station code of this station is BR02.
Eddie Griffin
Edward "Eddie" Griffin (born July 15, 1968) is an American actor and comedian. He is best known for playing Eddie Sherman on the sitcom Malcolm & Eddie. He later played in The Mod Squad (1999). Also in 1999, he played Miles Waise in the movie Foolish.
Griffin is also a musician. He had several albums.
10 (number)
10 (one ten or ten for short) is the number that is after nine and before eleven. Most people have ten fingers and ten toes.
Ten is the smallest positive whole number with two digits. Ten is an important number because most people write numbers using multiples of ten. This is called the decimal number system.
In Roman numerals, 10 is written as X.
Callaway County, Missouri
Callaway County is a county located in the U.S. state of Missouri. In the 2020 U.S. Census, the county's population was 44,283. Its county seat is Fulton. It is named for Captain James Callaway, grandson of Daniel Boone.
Truesdale, Iowa
Truesdale is a city in Iowa in the United States.
North Liberty, Iowa
North Liberty is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Bhimber District
Bhimber (ضلع بھمبر) is the southernmost of the eight districts of Azad Kashmir, the district is between Latitude: 32-48 to 33-34 and Longitude: 73.55 to 74-45, and has an area of 1516 km². The chief town is Bhimber
History
Until 1995 Bhimber was a sub-division (tehsil) of Mirpur District. In 1996 the tehsil of Bhimber was removed from Mirpur and made into a separate district.
Administration
The total area of the district is 1516 square kilometres and is divided into three tehsils.
People
According to the 1998 census, 297,000 people lived there. According to a 1999 estimate, it was 303,000. Latest figures show that 350,000 people live there. The Jaats are the biggest tribe in the region. The main language is Mirpuri.
Maid Marian
Maid Marian was the female companion of the outlaw Robin Hood. She appears in English folktales, though not in the oldest ones.
Ahmed Abu Laban
Ahmad Abu Laban (born 1946 - 1 February 2007) was the leader of an organisation called Islamic Society of Denmark. In 2006, he complained about a series of cartoons that were printed in a Danish newspaper. He said the cartoons, which made fun of the prophet Muhammad, were offensive to Muslims. People in Syria, Lebanon.Afghanistan and Iran protested outside Danish embassies. There were riots in Afghanistan, in which 11 people were killed.
Mark Freidkin
Mark Iehielvich Freidkin (Марк Иехиельевич Фрейдкин; 14 April 1953 – 4 March 2014) was a Soviet and Russian poet, writer, translator, and singer. He wrote three books of prose. He was born in Leninobod (now Khujand, Tajikstan) and studied in Moscow. He was of Jewish descent.
Ahmed Abu Laban
Ahmad was born in Palestine. He moved to Denmark with his family, and became a leading religious leader in the Danish Islamic community. He died in Copenhagen in 2007 from lung cancer.
Mark Freidkin
Freidkin died after a long illness on 4 March 2014 in Moscow. He was 60.
North English, Iowa
North English is a city of Iowa and Keokuk counties in the state of Iowa, United States.
2019 Algarve Cup
The 2019 Algarve Cup was the 26th edition of the Algarve Cup, it is a women's football tournament held annually in Portugal. It happened from 27 February to 6 March.
Norway defeated Poland 3–0 in the final.
Wanfang Hospital metro station
Wanfang Hospital is a metro station on the Wenhu Line in Taipei, Taiwan. The station code of this station is BR04.
Station layout information
The platforms are above ground level. Platform 1 is for Taipei Nangang Exhibition Center and Platform 2 is for Taipei Zoo.
All the Vermeers in New York
All the Vermeers in New York is an American movie released in 1990. It was directed by Jon Jost.
Plot
Mark is a broker on Wall Street who notices a woman that resembles a painting by Dutch painter Johannes Vermeer. The woman is named Anna and she is an actress from France. The two start a romantic relationship when they meet each other for the first time. Mark suffers from a cerebral hemorrhage while calling Anna and then Anna disappears into a Vermeer painting at the end.
Reception
The film won the Caligari Film Award at the Berlin International Film Festival in 1991. Roger Ebert liked the film, but he thought that it ended too soon.
Billy Hughes
William Morris "Billy" Hughes (25 September 1862 – 28 October 1952) was the seventh Prime Minister of Australia. He became Prime Minister during World War I. He tried to introduce conscription but the public did not want it. His party, Labor, kicked him out and he formed a new party with the opposition called the Nationalist Party. He was Prime Minister for over 7 years which was the most of anyone at the time. He was forced to resign by the Country Party in 1923 but he stayed in Parliament until he died.
Before serving as Prime Minister, Hughes was Minister for External Affairs under Chris Watson. He was Attorney-General in Andrew Fisher's three Labor governments in 1908–09, 1910–13 and 1914–15.
Meshulim Feish Lowy
Meshulim Feish Segal Lowy II (משולם פייש סג"ל לאווי, Magyarized: Lőwy Ferencz; 11 April 1921 – 12 August 2015) was a Hungarian-Canadian rabbi. He was the fourth Grand Rebbe of the Tosh hasidic dynasty.
Rabbi Lowy died in Quebec, Canada from pneumonia at the age of 94.
Lupo (dog)
Lupo (December 2011November 2020) was an English Cocker Spaniel owned by Prince William, Duke of Cambridge, and Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge. He appeared in photographs alongside his owners' son, Prince George of Cambridge.
Lupo was bred from Ella, a dog owned by Michael and Carole Middleton, the parents of Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge.
There was an increase of 50% in the searches on its "Find A Puppy" website in the months following the Royal couple's announcement of their ownership of Lupo. This increased interest has also had the effect of an increase in thefts of English Cocker Spaniels.
Lupo died in November 2020, of unknown causes aged 8 years 11 months.
Ronald Isley
Ronald Isley (born May 21, 1941) is an American recording artist, songwriter and record producer. He is the founding member and lead singer of the R&B group the Isley Brothers.
Isley received a Legend Award at the Soul Train Music Award.
Isley was born in Cincinnati, Ohio.
Pectus excavatum
Pectus excavatum is a congenital medical condition where the ribs and sternum grow abnormally, producing a sunken appearance to the chest. This makes the chest look like it has caved in on itself. It is also commonly referred to as "funnel chest" or "chest bowl". It is the most common form of pectus deformity, occurring in approximately 1 in 300-400 births, with a 3:1 male predominance ratio. While Pectus Excavatum occurs at birth, it often does not develop properly until early adolescence when growth is more rapid.
Causes
Doctors do not know why some people have the dent. They think it might be caused by a bad gene from the parent. It is also linked to syndromes (illnesses) that affect other parts of the body.
Numbers
Pectus excavatum happens in about 1 in every 300-400 children, with the 75% majority of cases being male.
Suction Cup
A vacuum bell, also called a suction cup, can be used to fix pectus excavatum. The cup is placed on the chest and all the air is removed: this pulls up the chest. This non-invasive procedure shows promise to be a permanent cure for pectus excavatum. Treatment must continue for two years after the appearance of correction is made.
Surgery
The dent can be fixed by a doctor. The following are alternate surgical ways of fixing the chest:
Nuss Procedure
The Nuss Prodcedure was created by Doctor Nuss from Norfolk in Virginia. A metal bar is put into the chest; the bar holds the chest up.
Ravitch
The Ravitch technique is from the 1950s. It involves cutting out part of the chest, placing a bar in the chest, and having the bone grow back. Most doctors do not use the Ravitch because it causes much blood loss.
Yüksekova
Yüksekova (Gever, Syriac: Gawar), is a city and a district of Hakkari Province of Turkey. It is on the border with Iran. In February of 2020 it was buried under 6 meters of snow.
Đổi mới
Đổi mới  is the official title given to the current economic system in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. It is described as a multisectoral market economy, where the state sector plays a crucial role in managing economic development with the possible long-term goal of developing socialism.
The socialist-oriented market economy is a product of Đổi mới economic reforms, which led to the replacement of the centrally planned economy with a market-based mixed economy based on state-owned industry. These reforms were implemented to allow Vietnam to participate in the global market economy.
Đổi mới-economic reforms were initiated by the Communist Party of Vietnam in 1986 during the party's sixth national congress. These reforms allowed private ownership of small businesses together with state-owned and collectively-owned companies. In addition, these reforms also played a greater role in market forces in order to coordinate economic activity between companies and public authorities.
Francis Bacon (artist)
Francis Bacon (28 October 1909 – 28 April 1992) was an Irish-born British painter. He was famous for his disturbing paintings of crucifixions, popes, self-portraits, and portraits of close friends. He was one of the most recognized British painters of the 20th century.
VX
VX is a type of chemical weapon called a nerve agent. It is a very toxic chemical. Because it is so toxic, it cannot be used as anything other than a chemical weapon. The United Nations classifies VX as a weapon of mass destruction.
Ed Kemper
Edmund Emil Kemper III (born December 18, 1948), is an American serial killer, suspected cannibal and necrophile who committed the murder of numerous women in the early 1970s, as well as the murders of his mother and paternal grandparents. He killed up to 10 individuals in total.
VX
VX is the most toxic nerve agent ever created. The Council on Foreign Relations says: "A fraction of a drop of VX, absorbed through the skin, can fatally disrupt the nervous system."
Ed Kemper
Kemper is widely known for his high intelligence and giant stature, standing 6 foot 9 inches (or 2.06 m) tall and having an IQ of 145, features that left his victims with little chance to overcome him.
Saint Philip, Barbados
Saint Philip is a parish of Barbados at the southeastern end of the island.
VX
The Chemical Weapons Convention of 1993, an international law, made it illegal for countries to use chemical weapons like VX. It also made it illegal to make or keep more than 100 grams of VX. It allows some scientists to make and use amounts under 100 grams only if they are trying to create an antidote, or doing medical research.
Saint Philip, Barbados
St. Philip has the largest land area of the 11 parishes of Barbados. It has a mostly flat 'close to sea-level' land. It does not have a true city, rather villages and areas.
VX
Creation
VX is one of the "V-series nerve agents" which were made in the 1950s by the United Kingdom's military researchers. Nobody agrees on why these nerve agents are called "V-series." Different people say the "V" stands for "Victory" or "Venomous" (poisonous), or "Viscous" (thick liquid).
Robin Hood (Macfarren)
Robin Hood is an English opera in three acts, music by George Alexander Macfarren and libretto by John Oxenford. It was first performed in London, on October 11, 1860.
XUL
XUL, which stands for XML User Interface Language, is a user interface markup language made by Mozilla. XUL is an XML dialect for writing graphical user interfaces, it lets developers write user interface elements in a way similar to web pages.
Robin Hood (Macfarren)
The High Street of Nottingham
In the busy street, armourers work at their forge with women spinning yarn while a little flirting goes on between Allan and Alice. Robin Hood soon appears, masquerading under the name of Locksley, and meets Marian, the Sheriff’s daughter. Their intimate conversation is overheard by the Sheriff who will accept Locksley as son-in-law if he proves his marksmanship at tomorrow’s fair. The Sheriff issues a proclamation, offering a reward for the capture of Robin Hood, unaware that he is present as the yeoman, Locksley. The Sompnour enters to ask the Sheriff for protection through the forest as he carries the dues collected for the abbey from the peasantry. Allan, unable to afford his taxes, is ordered to the stocks by the Sheriff despite protests by the townsfolk. Locksley steps forward to pay Allan’s dues for his release. As the sun sets, the Sompnour and Sheriff leave for the castle. Locksley and Marian declare their affection before departing.
Saint Philip, Barbados
This parish is home to the only 'dependency' of Barbados called Culpepper Island. This tiny rock in the ocean is used as a feeding ground for sheep. It cannot be reached unless by boat or by foot at low tide.
VX
VX as a weapon
VX is a liquid that cannot be smelled or tasted. It is a thick liquid with the texture of motor oil. As a weapon, it can be used as a liquid or an aerosol. It could be spread by air, through water, or through food.
Making VX is difficult and very dangerous. Many toxic and dangerous chemicals are used in the process.
List of cities in Tanzania
This is a list of cities and towns in Tanzania.
Robin Hood (Macfarren)
Scene 1: The Trysting tree in the Greenwood
Deep in Sherwood forest, by the trysting tree in moonlight, the Merrie Men relax after their toils, with a fat deer roasting. Robin appears to tell Little John of the Sompnour’s expected journey through the forest. They prepare to entrap him: the outlaws conceal themselves while Robin, John and Much, the miller’s son, disguise themselves as shepherds and tend to the fire. The Sompnour appears and tells his guards to arrest the shepherds for stealing the King’s venison. With affected humility they plead for mercy. When this is sternly refused Robin throws off his disguise and sounds his horn. The Sheriff’s men flee, leaving the Sompnour to be captured. Much proposes that he be hanged, but merciful Robin invites the Sompnour to supper. Yet he must pay generously for it. To escape the hanging he must dance for the outlaws’ amusement.
Scene 2: Marian’s bower
Marian watches the dawn break, imploring Heaven to assist her lover’s marksmanship and gain her father’s approval. The Sheriff appears and gives encouragement. Much reveals to the Sheriff that Robin Hood will be at the fair and asks for the reward, but the Sompnour recognises him from the forest and he is taken away. In the guise of a friar the Sompnour promises to find Robin and claim the reward himself. To this the Sheriff agrees.
VX
VX as a weapon
VX works the same way other nerve agents do. It blocks nerve signals from getting from the brain to the body. Normally, a neurotransmitter (chemical messenger) called acetylcholine tells the body's muscles to tighten up when they need to. When it is time for the muscles to relax, an enzyme called acetylcholinesterase destroys acetylcholine, so the muscles stop getting the signal to relax.
Robin Hood (Macfarren)
Scene 1: The Castle garden
Allan and Alice lament the execution of Robin, to take place on the following day. Alice informs the Sheriff that Marian has escaped from her apartment. The Sompnour arrives to claim his reward, but is first told to go to the King for a warrant for Robin Hood’s execution.
Psalms
Psalms (תְהִלִּים, Tehillim, or "praises") is a book of 150 Hebrew poems in the Bible. The Book of Psalms is the first Ketuvim and part of the Hebrew Bible or Tanakh, and it is also in the Old Testament of the Christian translations. People traditionally believe that many of the Psalms in the Bible were written by King David to God. Perhaps the most famous one is Psalm 23, which starts "The LORD is my shepherd". Psalm 23 is often used for funerals. In the Qur'an, the Arabic word ‘Zabur’ is used for the Psalms of David.
VX
Signs and symptoms
The earliest symptoms of VX poisoning depend on how a person was exposed to VX. If VX got on a person's skin, their first symptoms might be sweating or twitching muscles near where the VX was. If the person breathed in VX, their first symptoms might be a runny nose and trouble breathing, caused by the bronchi (the tubes that bring air to the lungs) getting narrower.
Psalms
There are 150 Psalms in the Biblical canon of Jews, Protestants, and Catholics, but there are also more poems that these religions do not think are holy. Psalm 151 is part of canon of the Eastern Orthodox Church.
Robin Hood (Macfarren)
Scene 2: The Greenwood at noon
Marian appears, dressed as a boy, to tell the outlaws that Robin is to be executed. She leads them to the castle.
VX
Signs and symptoms
All nerve agents have the same symptoms, because they work the same way. They make the parasympathetic nervous system work too hard. They also keep signals from the brain from getting through to the body, so the brain cannot tell the muscles to relax. This causes a group of unique symptoms:
People with VX poisoning can have seizures and go into status epilepticus. They can die because their breathing muscles get so tight that they do not work.
Treatment
If a person got VX on their skin, the first step is to wash away the VX with bleach and water. This is called decontamination. Removing clothing that the VX touched is also part of decontamination. p.30
There are antidotes for nerve agent poisoning. They have to be given together.
Economic boom
Economic boom is a phase when the economy has a huge increase. It is a natural cycle.
VX
Treatment
However, nerve agents like VX work very quickly. Antidotes usually have to be given within a few minutes after a person was exposed to VX. If pralidoxime is not given soon enough, it cannot reverse VX's effects. p.6
Economic boom
The United States of America had an essential supply of natural resources such as timber, iron, coal, minerals, oil and land. Immigrants provided a plentiful and cheap work force to utilise these resources. This enabled America to become a huge economic power at the beginning of the 20th century. These resources were an important foundation for the economy.
VX
Treatment
Usually, a sedative like diazepam (Valium) is also given. This will help the body's muscles relax, and can prevent seizures.
Economic boom
Whilst European economies suffered during the First World War, the USA experienced significant growth. US banks loaned money to Europe and businesses sold much needed goods. The war also provided a stimulus for inventions in production, materials and advertising. Immediately after the war there was a small slump but from 1922 the USA experienced an unprecedented economic boom.
Electricity developed slowly before the war but during the 1920s the electricity industry experienced a huge boom. By 1929 the majority of houses in America had electricity and 70 per cent of them used it for lighting purposes. As a result of the development of factories to produce consumer goods for the American people, the demand for electricity doubled. Electrical power was introduced in factories to drive machinery, and thus it became possible to introduce mass production to a number of factories, e.g. refrigerators, washing machines, vacuum cleaners and radio sets.
The car industry is the best example of mass production during the period. Henry Ford was a pioneer with his idea of producing affordable cars for the people of America. He set about realising his dream by producing his early cars in small workshops. He had groups of men working for him and gradually the cars were built.
Henry Ford and his son posing in the model F Ford car in 1905. Henry Ford and his son posing in the model F Ford car in 1905 Henry Ford's hard work bore fruit. As he produced more and more cars, he could reduce his prices. By 1925 the price of a car was around $290, which was much cheaper than the price of $850 in 1908. Henry Ford was of the opinion that it was better to sell more cars for a small profit, as that meant employing more workers.
By 1929 Americans owned 23 million cars. The workers earned good wages ($5 per day), thousands of jobs were created, roads were built, petrol stations were built, as were hotels and restaurants. Therefore, the entire economy was given a substantial boost due to the car industry.
In order to help American people to purchase the new goods that were available, systems of hire-purchase and credit were introduced. This meant that a person could buy something by paying for it on a monthly basis. As a result, the majority of Americans could afford expensive goods. In order to encourage Americans to take advantage of the scheme, advertisements were placed on roadsides, on the radio, in newspapers and in cinemas.
During the same period, chain stores appeared for the first time, e.g. J P Penney. Catalogue shopping also became fashionable as it was a convenient way of buying goods.
Psalms
Literary features
The Psalter is poetry, though it has many prayers and not all Old Testament prayers were poetic. In fact, not all praise was poetic either. The Psalms are full of images, comparisons and metaphor. The Hebrew text often plays with words and repeats the same words, adding synonyms (words with the same meaning) to fill out the description. Important words show the main themes in the prayer or song.
Cattle
Cattle is a word for certain mammals that belong to the genus Bos. Cattle may be cows, bulls, oxen, or calves. Cattle are the most common type of large domesticated hoofed animals. They are a prominent modern member of the subfamily Bovinae.
Cattle are large grazing animals with two-toed or cloven hooves and a four-chambered stomach. This stomach is an adaptation to help digest tough grasses. Cattle can be horned or hornless, depending on the breed. The horns come out on either side of the head above the ears and are a simple shape, usually curved upwards but sometimes down. Cattle usually stay together in groups called herds. One male, called a bull will usually have a number of cows in a herd as his mates. The cows usually give birth to one calf a year, though twins are also known to be born. The calves have long strong legs and can walk a few minutes after they are born, so they can follow the herd.
Cattle are native to many parts of the world except the Americas, Australia and New Zealand. Cattle have been domesticated for about 9,000 years. They are used for milk, meat,source of money, transport, and companions.
Word use
The word cattle has been used in English for about 1,000 years and the meaning has changed. In books such as the King James Version of the Bible, the word is used for all sorts of farm animals, including horses, sheep and goats. The word comes from the Old French word,'chattels', meaning all the things that a person owns.
Cattle vocabulary
An intact male bovine is called a bull. A young male bovine is called a bullock. A mature female that has given birth to at least one or two calves is called a cow. A young bovine between birth and weaning is called a calf. Two or more of these young bovines are calves. A female that has never had a calf is called a heifer, (pronounced "heffer"). Calving is the act of a cow or heifer giving birth to a calf.
The adjective that is used to describe something that is like a cow or an ox is "bovine".
The words "cow", "bull" and "calf" are also used to describe some other large animals that are not related to cattle, such as elephants, moose and whales.
Biology
Cattle are found all over the world, from as far north as Canada and Russia to the dry inland of Australia. The only continent they are not found on is Antarctica. Different types and breeds of cattle are suited to different environments. Bos indicus cattle such as the Brahman breed are suited to subtropical and tropical areas, whereas Bos taurus cattle such as Angus cattle are more suited to temperate or colder climates. Their large wide hooves are good in both wet areas and dry grassland. Their hairy coat grows much longer in the winter and has an extra fluffy layer to hold in warmth. They shed this extra layer in springtime in preparation for the hot summer ahead. Most cattle, except those of the Bos indicus subspecies do not have sweat glands in their skin, but their wet nose is a useful cooling system. They can also pant like a dog as well.
Cattle can make a range of noises, from a gentle "moo" to a low growl in warning or to attract females, especially among bulls. When they are angry or upset, they can bellow or bawl quite loudly. Calves are said to bawl, cows moo and bulls bellow.
Cattle are herbivorous, meaning that they are plant-eating (primarily grass) animals. Eating grass is called "grazing". They have very strong tongues and strong lower front teeth that help them to graze. Unlike a horse, cattle do not have any upper front teeth. A cow often swallows grass whole. After a cow has eaten its fill and is resting, they return or regurgitate the grass from their stomach to their mouth and rechew it with their very large back teeth to break it down further. This is called "chewing the cud". Other ruminants like deer, sheep and goats also do this. Horses do not. This means that cattle do not need as much food as horses, even though they are about the same size.
Cattle are ruminants which mean they have a stomach with several chambers which helps digest their food more efficiently. A cow's stomach has four chambers called the reticulum, rumen, omasum and abomasum. The reticulum is known as the "hardware" stomach because it is mainly used as a storage area for hard things that the cow might accidentally swallow like nails, rocks and other objects. The rumen is the largest chamber in a ruminant's stomach, and in cattle it can hold up to 50 gallons feed. It is the chamber where fermentation takes place to help break down the grass that the cow has eaten. The omasum, also known as "many piles" is a compartment that squeezes or absorbs all the water that has accumulated from the digestion that has gone on in the rumen. The fourth chamber is the abomasum which similar in function to a human's stomach, and so is called the "true stomach."
Cows have "breasts" called udders which are joined in a large sac, often pink in colour, found hanging between the back legs. The udder is divided into four parts, or quarters, each with a large teat that the calf is able to grasp with its mouth to suckle from. Cows begin milk production a few days before a calf is born, and can continue to produce milk when bred again and when pregnant with their next calf. Heifers, unless they have given birth to their first calf, do not produce milk. Dairy cows tend to have much larger udders than beef cows, and as such, these type of cows will usually produce more milk than what is needed to feed one calf. Dairy cows are female cattle that are raised to produce lots of milk for human consumption. Beef cows, on the other hand, are female cattle that are used to raise a calf from birth that is used for beef later in its life. Both types of cows will keep producing milk as long as it is demanded, either by the calf, by the milking machine, or by the human that is hand-milking them. When milk from them is no longer needed, they will not explode: they simply "dry up," where the milk they produce is absorbed or taken back in by their bodies. Cows are pregnant for around 9 months, or an average of 280 days.
Bulls can often be fierce and dangerous, especially in the presence of their herd of cows and heifers. In the wild, they will often fight each other over mating rights and their herds of cows and will use their horns to gore each other. Some bulls will fight to the death: others will fight until either one of the bulls decides to run off. They also protect the herds from other animals such as wolves, jackals, bears, tigers and lions. On farms, bulls are usually quieter and more docile and can be led by a nose-ring by their owners, but they can be aggressive with other bulls and with strange people or animals who might get too near his herd. Dairy bulls like Jerseys and Holsteins tend to be more aggressive than bulls of beef breeds like Hereford and Angus. Not all cattle have horns. Bulls with no horns fight by head-butting the other's head, neck, side or belly, and will use their heads to push each other around.
For the reasons above, most male cattle are either sent to slaughter while they are still calves or are castrated so that they are much less likely to fight each other, or be aggressive towards the farmer that is raising them, making them safer to handle and keep until it is time to send them to market. Steers have no other purpose except to be raised, sold and slaughtered for beef.
Hanahoi
Hanahoi (Group of One) was one of South Korea's power elite from 1979-93. The group monopolized strategic military posts and produced major political leaders, including two presidents: Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-woo.
Cattle
Uses of Cattle
Ever since people started using cattle in prehistoric times, cattle have been a sign of wealth. In many countries, particularly in Africa and Asia, a person's wealth is judged by the number of cattle they own. Different breeds are used differently.
Robin Hood (Macfarren)
Scene 3: Prison cell
In isolation, a distraught Robin awaits his fate. He then hears Marian with his Merrie Men singing outside. This renews his hopes.
Scene 4: The Courtyard of the Castle
Robin is brought from the castle and given time to confess his sins. With his arm freed, he then blows his horn to signal his faithful followers. They appear, led by Marian, to release him but are overpowered. However, the document assumed to be the death warrant is in fact a pardon, given on the understanding that they enter the service of the King. The Sheriff once again consents to the union of Robin and Marian, for which there is general rejoicing.
R. N. Ravi
Ravindra Narayana Ravi (born 3 April 1952) is an Indian politician who has been the Governor of Tamil Nadu in 2021. He became the Governor of Nagaland in August 2019. From 2019 to 2020, he was the Governor of Meghalaya.
Cattle
Uses of Cattle
Cattle are very useful animals. Their flesh can be eaten as meat. Their milk can be drunk and turned into cheese and yoghurt. Their skin can be used as leather. They can pull carts and plows. They can make the power to turn flour mills or pump water. The food that they eat is not expensive, and often not in competition with what people eat.
Kotli District
Kotli (ضلع کوٹلی) is one of the eight districts of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. Kotli is the capital city of the district. Kotli used to be a small town between Mirpur and Muzaffarabad, but has recently grown in size.
Cattle
Dairy cattle
Dairy cattle are kept and raised specially for milking. Herds of cows are kept and are regularly mated with a bull, so that they produce calves. This keeps the milk supply going. However, most commercial dairy farms do not keep bulls because of the concern that such bulls are very dangerous when being handled. Instead, cows are artificially inseminated with bull semen that is stored kept frozen in liquid nitrogen, and is "bred" by a person who artificially inseminates cows for a living.
Kotli District
Meaning of name
There are two theories about the origin of the name "Kotli". One is that in ancient times Prince Raja Shahswar Khan built a small house here and called it "Kot", which became "Kotli". Another theory is that the name is derived from the Sanskrit word Kotli which means to reside or to live in. At one time the area was inhabited by the Mangran and Solhan peoples, and was called Kotli Solwhan. The modern town of Kotli was built in the 14th century by Raja Agar Khan.
Cattle
Dairy cattle
Some large dairy herds, especially those used to produce organic or "free-range" milk are kept on pasture where there is a good supply of grass and the fields are relatively small, but not so small that they are not able to graze regularly during the season when grass is growing. This is because the cows need to be brought in for milking every day, twice a day, and should not have far to travel.
Kotli District
Administration
The district of Kotli used to be a sub-division of Mirpur District until 1975. Before 1947, it was a part of the Jammu area. The district is bounded by the Indian part of Kashmir in the east, and by Mirpur District in the south and Rawalakot to its north. The district is divided into three tehsils (sub-divisions)
Analects
The Analects was a book put together by the students of Confucius. It is about his thoughts on family, government and war. It was likely written by his followers.
Cattle
Dairy cattle
A number of dairy herds are kept in barns or sheds for most of their lives and are given feed that has been especially made for them. This feed contains grain like corn, hay including grass and alfalfa or clover, and fermented chopped feed called silage that is usually made from corn, wheat or barley. Cows are often kept in stalls where they have enough room to lay down comfortably. Such large dairies must supply straw or saw dust for the cows to rest on without getting sore from the hard concrete floor.
Kotli District
Administration
The district covers a total area of 1862 square kilometres. Kotli is now the largest city by population (656,000).
Before the division of Kashmir in 1947, Nakyal was part of Mehndar sub-division of Poonch.
Cattle
Dairy cattle
Cows can be milked by hand, but in many countries where there are large dairies, the cows are milked by a milking machine. The milk is collected in a large stainless steel container where it undergoes pastuerization, a process that heats milk to a very high temperature to kill any bacteria that are living in the milk. The milk is then taken by truck to a milk or dairy factory to be made into the milk we drink by being separated to remove most of the cream. It is then put into bottles or cartons to be sold. Some milk is also turned into cheese, ice cream, butter, cream and even yogurt. All of these dairy products are packaged or put into cartons or bottles and sold.
Beef cattle
Beef cattle are bred and raised specifically to provide meat or beef. Steers are the best type for this purpose because they can be kept in herds without fighting each other. Heifers are also often used for beef, especially those that are not suitable to be used in a breeding herd. The cows of beef cattle are used to give birth to and raise calves for meat. They are not usually used for milk, although some types of cattle, such as the Red Poll, Dexter or Red Devon (also known as the North Devon or Devon) are used for both. These type of cattle are called dual purpose breeds.
Until the mid 20th century, beef cattle were often sent to market on the hoof. Cowboys or drovers would herd the cattle along the roads or on trails to the cattle markets in big towns or cities, or to railway stations where they would be loaded and shipped to these towns or cities. In Australia, sometimes the cattle would travel for hundreds of miles along roads known as 'Traveling Stock Routes'. Big herds would have thousands of 'heads of cattle'. (Cattle are counted by the "head".) Nowadays cattle are usually sent to the market in huge lorries known as road-trains. In North America, cattle are sent to auction marts, slaughter plants or other farms or ranches by large semi-trucks called cattle liners.
The meat from a calf is called 'veal' and from an older beast, 'beef'. Meat that is cut into flat pieces for frying or grilling is called 'steak'. Every part of a beast can be used. The skin becomes leather. The meat which is not used by humans becomes pet food and almost everything that is left over becomes garden fertilizer. Many other products can be and are often made from cattle: for example, car tires, home insulation, paint, hand lotion, soap, jello, and many drugs are made from parts of cattle. Cow's blood is often used in special effects in the creation of action or horror movies. Bones from cattle can be made into knife handles or napkin rings. The list is endless.
Types of cattle that are used for beef:
Oxen
Oxen are cattle trained as work animals. The word "ox" is used to describe just one. They are castrated males (steers).
An ox is over four years old and grown to full size when it begins to work. Oxen are used for pulling plows and wagons, for hauling heavy loads like logs or for powering different machines such as mills and irrigation pumps.
Oxen are most often used in teams of two for light work such as plowing. In past days, very large teams of fourteen to twenty oxen were used for heavy work such as logging. The oxen are put into pairs and each pair must work together. A wooden yoke is put about the neck of each pair, so that the work is shared across their shoulders. Oxen are chosen from certain breeds with horns, since the horns hold the yoke in place when the oxen lower their heads, back up or slow down.
Oxen must be trained from a young age. The owner must make or buy as many as a dozen yokes of different sizes as the animals grow. Ox teams are steered by shouted commands, whistles or the noise of a whip crack. Men who drove ox teams were called teamsters in America, wagoners in Britain, or in Australia, bullockies. Many bullockies and teamsters were famous for their voices and for their foul language.
Oxen can pull harder and longer than horses, especially for very large loads. They are not as fast as horses, but they are less often injured or less likely to startle than horses are. Many oxen are still in use all over the world, especially in poor countries.
Bostock v. Clayton County, Georgia
Bostock v. Clayton County, Georgia,, was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 protects employees against discrimination because of their sexual orientation or gender identity.
About the case
The plaintiff, Gerald Bostock, was fired after he wanted to work in a gay baseball league. The lower courts followed the Eleventh Circuit's past precedent that Title VII did not cover employment discrimination protection based on sexual orientation.
Decision
The Court ruled in a 6–3 decision by Justice Neil Gorsuch covering all three cases on June 15, 2020 that discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity is also discrimination "because of sex" as prohibited by Title VII.
Glen Coe
Glen Coe (Gleann Comhann, ) is a glen of volcanic origins, in the Highlands of Scotland.
Saint Thomas, Barbados
Saint Thomas ("St. Thomas") is in the centre of Barbados. It is one of only two landlocked parishes in the island. The other is Saint George to the south.
Udell, Iowa
Udell is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Forum
Forum (plural forums or fora) may mean:
Linguang metro station
Linguang is a metro station on the Wenhu Line in Taipei, Taiwan. The station code of this station is BR06.
Station layout information
The platforms are above ground level. Platform 1 is for Taipei Nangang Exhibition Center and Platform 2 is for Taipei Zoo.
The Avengers (1998 movie)
The Avengers is a 1998 American action and spy movie. It comes from the British television series of the same name.
Plot
John Steed, the agent of the Ministry, completes a training course. Dr. Emma Peel gets a phone call telling her to go to a gentlemen's club. She meets Steed for the first time there. The two head off to the Ministry to meet Mother. Mother tells them the Prospero project-a try to change the weather-was sabotaged by Emma Peel. Dr. Peel says she's innocent. She is then sent to work with Steed to find the real suspect.
Steed and Emma follow a lead to the Wonderland Weather. It's a business that creates heat or other weather with a special machine. Steed and Emma find two dead men in teddy bear suits. Members of a secret organization led by Sir August de Wynter wear teddy bear suits to disguise their identities. However, one of them looks like another Emma Peel. Steed arrives in time to save the real Emma Peel.
Steed and Emma go off and visit de Wynter at his mansion. But then, they are attacked by mechanical bees. Alice, a Ministry agent, helps Steed and Emma flee. However, de Wynter catches Emma as she tries to escape though finds herself trapped.
It is later revealed that the other Emma Peel is a clone. Father and the Peel clone catch the real Emma Peel. They're angrily met by Mother. Mother is then incapacitated.
Critical response
The Avengers was hated by many movie critics. The Rotten Tomatoes gave this movie a 5% rating, meaning "rotten". The Metacritic rated the movie at 12/100. That rating meant "overwhelming dislike".
The movie won two awards: one Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Remake or Sequel, and a Stinkers Bad Movie Award for Worst Resurrection of a TV show.
St Mary's Hospital, London
St Mary's Hospital is an NHS hospital in Paddington, in the City of Westminster, London, founded in 1845.