cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Oswiu of Northumbria
King of Bernicia
When his brother Oswald was killed in 642, the overlordship died with him. Oswald had been king of a combined Bernicia, Deira and Lindsey (kingdom). But Northumbria was divided back into its earlier weaker sub-kingdoms. Penda, now the most powerful king in England took Lindsey. Oswiu became King of Bernicia. Oswine claimed Deira, preventing Oswiu from keeping it with Bernicia. A year after it happened Oswiu recovered parts of his brother's body from the battlefield where he died. Oswiu had Oswald's arm enshrined in his royal centre at Bamburgh and his head was taken to Lindisfarne.
Oswiu invaded Deira in 651 seeking to reunite Deira with Bernicia. Oswine was betrayed by one of his own noblemen and was murdered in 651 on Oswiu's orders. But the Deirans chose Athelwald, Oswiu's nephew, as their king. Athelwald then aligned himself with Oswiu's enemy, Penda. Deira was under the protection of Mercia for the next three years. But Penda was determined to defeat Oswiu and take Bernicia as well. In 654 Penda raised a large army of some thirty 'legions'. According to Bede, Penda attacked Oswiu several times. With a much smaller force Oswiu attacked Penda's army near the banks of the River Winwaed. Most of the commanders of the thirty legions were killed including King Anna of East Anglia and Penda. From this time Oswiu became the bretwalda or overlord over all the southern English people including Mercia. Mercia was then divided. North of the River Trent was controlled directly by Oswiu. He made Peada of Mercia, Penda's son, king over the part of Mercia south of the Trent. Peada had married Oswiu's daughter, Alflaed. Peada was murdered five months later by Alflaed, possibly on Oswiu's orders. Mercians rebelled against Oswiu and Peada's brother Wulfhere became king of Mercia.
Easter controversy
When Oswiu and Eanflaed were married, he was raised in the Celtic church while she was raised in the Roman church. The main difference was how each calculated the date of Easter. Members of the Celtic church might be celebrating Easter while the Roman church was celebrating Lent. In 658 his son Alfrith, who now supported the Roman Church, replaced several of his Celtic church officials with those from the Roman church.
To resolve the differences between the two religions in his kingdom, Oswiu called for a synod in 664. Called the Synod of Whitby it was to decide on when to celebrate Easter and what rules the monasteries in Northumbria would follow. Members of the church were summoned from all over the north. The Roman position was given by Wilfrid who would afterwards become Bishop of Northumbria. Bishop Colmán argued for the Ionan calculation of Easter given them by Columba, founder of their order. Oswiu made the decision in favor of the Roman practice, uniting Northumbria under one religion. It joined Northumbrian religious practices to those of the southern English.
Bede, in his Ecclesiastical History, Book IV, chapter 5 gives the date of Oswiu's death as 15 February, 670 and his age at 58. His wife Eanflaed retired to the monastery at Whitby. This is where their daughter, also named Enflaed, was brought up. In 680 Enflaed and her daughter became joint abbesses at Whitby. Enflaed died c. 704.
Family
Based on Nennius' Historia Brittonum Oswiu's first wife was a Briton named Reinmelth. She was the daughter of Royth, King of Rheged. Together they had a son:
By Fina, daughter of the Irish High King Coleman, he had:
Kingsland, Arkansas
Kingsland is a city in Cleveland County, Arkansas, United States. Its population was 447 at the 2010 U.S. census. It is included in the Pine Bluff, Arkansas Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is famous as the birthplace of legendary country music artist Johnny Cash.
Oswiu of Northumbria
Family
Oswiu married Eanflaed, daughter of King Edwin of Deira. Together they had:
Seton Hall University
Seton Hall University is a private Roman Catholic university in South Orange, New Jersey, United States. It was started in 1856 by Archbishop James Roosevelt Bayley. Seton Hall is the oldest diocesan university in the United States. Seton Hall is also the oldest and largest Catholic university in New Jersey. The university is known for its programs in business, law, education, nursing, and diplomacy.
Seton Hall is made up of eight different schools and colleges. It has about 5,200 undergraduate students and about 4,400 graduate students. Its School of Law has 1,200 students. US News & World Report lists the School of Law as one of the top 100 law schools in the United States. In 2011, Seton Hall's Stillman School of Business is ranked 88 out of the top 100 undergraduate business schools. It is one of only three school from state of New Jersey to maje the list according to BusinessWeek.
The Seton Hall College of Medicine and Dentistry was the first school of medicine in the State of New Jersey. The state took over the school in 1965. It is now the New Jersey Medical School, part of the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey.
Sports
The school's sports teams are called the Pirates. They play in the NCAA's Division I and in the Big East Conference. The college started its first basketball team in 1903. Seton Hall stopped having a football team in 1982.
Seton Hall athletics is best known for its men's basketball team. The team won the National Invitation Tournament (NIT) in 1953. It lost in the finals of the 1989 NCAA Tournament to Michigan, 80–79 in overtime. Seton Hall currently has teams at the Division I level in baseball, basketball, women's basketball, cross country running, men's golf, soccer, women's soccer, softball, swimming, diving, women's tennis, indoor and outdoor track & field, and volleyball.
Seton Hall also has club sports in ice hockey, rugby union, and Men's volleyball. Almost all the Seton Hall sports have their home field on the South Orange campus. The men's ice hockey team and the men's basketball team play at the Prudential Center in Newark, New Jersey.
Hatshepsut
Hatshepsut (1507–1458 BC), meaning Foremost of Noble Ladies, was the fifth Pharaoh of the 18th dynasty of Ancient Egypt. Hatshepsut reigned longer than any other woman of an indigenous Egyptian dynasty.
Her father was Thutmose I. Her predecessor was Thutmose II (her brother and husband). Her successor was Thutmose III, her nephew, the son of Thutmose II by a lesser wife. Thutmose III was co-regent with his stepmother, and was head of the army, but Hatshepsut was the effective ruler, and the named Pharaoh.
Today it is generally recognized that Hatshepsut assumed the position of Pharaoh. The length of her reign usually is given as twenty-two years. The third-century B.C. historian, Manetho, gave that figure of twenty-one years and nine months, and he had access to many records that now are lost. She died in 1458 BC, which means that she became pharaoh in about 1479 BC.
Major accomplishments
Hatshepsut established the trade networks that had been disrupted during the Hyksos occupation of Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period.
Many Egyptologists have claimed that her foreign policy was mainly peaceful. However, there is evidence that Hatshepsut led successful military campaigns in Nubia, the Levant, and Syria early in her career. The conquered lands being taxed and looted made egypt rich.
Building projects
Hatshepsut was one of the most prolific builders in ancient Egypt. She commissioned hundreds of construction projects throughout both Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt, that were grander and more numerous than those of any of her Middle Kingdom predecessors. Later pharaohs attempted to claim some of her projects as theirs.
She employed the great architect Ineni. He also had worked for her father, her husband, and for the royal vizier Senemut. During her reign, so much statuary was produced that almost every major museum in the world has Hatshepsut statuary among their collections. For example, the Hatshepsut Room in New York City's Metropolitan Museum of Art is made up of some of these pieces.
Following the tradition of most pharaohs, Hatshepsut had monuments built at the Temple of Karnak. At Karnak, she also restored the original Precinct of Mut, an ancient goddess of Egypt, that had been damaged by the Hyksos occupation. She had twin obelisks, at the time the tallest in the world, erected at the entrance to the temple. One still stands, as the tallest surviving ancient obelisk on Earth. The other has broken in two and fallen down.
Amun
The Oracle of Amun proclaimed that it was the will of Amun that Hatshepsut be pharaoh, which strengthened her position. She showed Amun's support by having these proclamations by the god Amun carved on her monuments:
Kansas City Bomber
Kansas City Bomber is a 1972 American sports drama movie directed by Jerrold Freedman and based on the story by Barry Sandler. It stars Raquel Welch, Kevin McCarthy, Norman Alden, Jodie Foster, Shelly Novack, Helena Kallianiotes, Russ Marin and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
Supro Ozark 1560 S
The Supro Ozark is an old electric guitar with only one pick-up. It is most famous as being the first electric guitar Jimi Hendrix owned.
U.S. Route 9
U.S. Route 9 is a United States highway in the states of Delaware, New Jersey, and New York. It goes from south to north. The road begins in Laurel, Delaware and ends in Champlain, New York, close to the United States-Canada border. The road passes through New York City and runs along the Jersey Shore. It is mentioned in several Bruce Springsteen songs.
Northumberland Park railway station
Northumberland Park railway station is in Northumberland Park, London, United Kingdom. The stations and all trains servicing it are operated by Abellio Greater Anglia.
Cockrell Hill, Texas
Cockrell Hill is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
Jordi Cruyff
Jordi Cruyff (born 9 February 1974) is a Dutch football player turned manager. He played for Netherlands national team. He is the son of Johan Cruijff.
Club career statistics
166||23 34||8 28||0 0||0 228||31
International career statistics
!Total||9||1
Crotonoideae
Crotonoideae is in the large order Malpighiales. It is a subfamily of the large and diverse family Euphorbiaceae. It includes crotons (Codiaeum) and hogworts (Croton).
Province of Potenza
Potenza is a province in the region of Basilicata in Italy.
Sam Aston
Samuel David Aston (born 7 June 1993) is an English actor, known for playing the role of Chesney Brown on the ITV soap opera Coronation Street. Aston made his television debut at the age of five, as an extra in Eddie Mountain.
Aston was awarded Best Newcomer at the National Television Awards in 2004. He also won Best Dramatic Performance for a Young Actor or Actress at the British Soap Awards.
The Squall
The Squall is a 1929 American romantic drama movie directed by Alexander Korda and based on the 1926 play of the same name by Jean Bart. It stars Richard Tucker, Alice Joy, Loretta Young, Carroll Nye, Harry Cording, Myrna Loy and was distributed by First National Pictures.
Neunkirchen, Saarland
Neunkirchen is a town-municipality in Saarland, Germany. It is the capital (Kreisstadt) of Neunkirchen District.
Neunkirchen lies at an altitude of 252 m, on the Blies river, and about 20 km northeast of Saarbrücken.
It is the biggest settlement of Saarland after Saarbrücken.
Ragunan Zoo
Ragunan Zoo is a 140-hectare (350-acre) zoo in Pasar Minggu, South Jakarta, Indonesia. It was founded in 1864. The zoo has over 295 species of animals, 171 species of flora and 3,122 animal specimens including birds.
South Tyneside
It is surrounded by the four other boroughs in Tyne and Wear – Gateshead to the west, Sunderland in the south, North Tyneside to the north, and Newcastle upon Tyne to the Northwest.
There were 147,776 people living in the borough in 2021.
The largest town is South Shields. Other large riverside towns are Jarrow and Hebburn. The area was a centre for shipbuilding and repairing, coal mining and exports, and the chemical industrie s. They all   declined in the half of the 20th century and there was a lot of unemployment.
Sotsha Dlamini
Sotsha Ernest Dlamini (27 May 1940 – 7 February 2017) was a Swazi politician. He served as Prime Minister of Swaziland from 6 October 1986 to 12 July 1989.
Biography
He was born in Mankayane. He became prime minister after being appointed by Dzeliwe of Swaziland in 1986. He replaced Bhekimpi Dlamini, who resigned in 1986. Dlamini served as prime minister when tensions of apartheid was growing.
Dlamini died on 7 February 2017 from complications of a fall at a hospital in Mbabane, Swaziland, aged 76.
Richard Hatch
Richard Lawrence Hatch (May 21, 1945 – February 7, 2017) was an American actor, writer, and producer. He was best known for his role as Captain Apollo in the original Battlestar Galactica television series, and also as Tom Zarek in the 2003 remake of Battlestar Galactica.
Hatch was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for his role as Apollo. Early in his career, Hatch won an Obie Award for his role in the musical PS Your Cat Is Dead.
Hatch was also known for his role as Philip Brent in All My Children and as Inspector Dan Robbins in The Streets of San Francisco.
Hatch was born in Santa Monica, California. He worked in Chicago, Illinois during his early stage career. Hatch died on February 7, 2017 from pancreatic cancer under hospice care in Los Angeles, aged 71.
Sunnyvale, Texas
Sunnyvale is a town in the U.S. state of Texas.
Jewel-Osco
Jewel-Osco is a supermarket chain headquartered in Itasca, Illinois, a Chicago suburb.
Jewel-Osco has 185 stores across northern, central, and western Illinois; eastern Iowa; and portions of northwest Indiana.
Before to its 1984 acquisition by American Stores, Jewel evolved into a large multi-state holding company that operated several supermarket chains and other non-food retail chain stores located from coast to coast and had operated under several different brand names.
Como, Texas
Como is a town in the U.S. state of Texas.
Vasoconstriction
Vasoconstriction occurs when blood vessels become narrower because of the tightening of the muscles in their walls. Its opposite is vasodilation, which is when blood vessels widen. For example, when you are cold, blood vessels near the skin vasoconstrict so that you don't lose too much heat from your blood.
Autopsy
An autopsy (also called a post-mortem examination) is a medical examination of a corpse to find out what killed it (disease or injury). Autopsies are done by specialised doctors, called pathologists.
Vasoconstriction
When blood vessels vasoconstrict, this increases blood pressure. Sometimes, blood pressure is too high and this can cause heart disease, so people have to take medicine to make the muscles in the blood vessels relax.
Autopsy
Autopsies are not done all the time. They are usually done either for medical reasons, or for legal ones. One of the legal reasons why an autopsy is done is to find out if the death was the result of a crime. A medical case is to find the cause of death when it is unclear. Sometimes autopsies are done to train new doctors.
Not in Front of the Children (TV series)
Not in Front of the Children is a British comedy series starring Wendy Craig. It was first aired on British TV in August, 1967. The last of the 39 episodes produced was transmitted on the 9th January, 1970. The programme was broadcast over four series or seasons. Wendy Craig went on to reprise her role as a middle class, scatty housewife in ...And Mother Makes Three and its follow up series ...And Mother Makes Five.
Story
Craig plays a scatter-brain housewife, Jennifer Corner. She is married to Henry who is a school art teacher. They have three children, a boy in his early teens, played by Hugo Keith Johnston, and two girls who are younger than the boy, played by Roberta Tovey later replaced by Verina Greenlaw and Jill Roddick. Henry was initially played by Paul Daneman (in the Comedy Playhouse pilot and the first series or season). He was replaced in subsequent episodes by Ronald Hines. Jennifer's best friend, Mary, is played by Charlotte Mitchell.
Only eight episodes survive.
University of Wyoming
The University of Wyoming is a public university in Laramie, Wyoming. The university has about 13,657 students. It was founded in 1886. The current president of the university is Tom Buchanan. Dick Cheney went to the University of Wyoming.
Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Cowboys for the men and the Cowgirls for the women. They are commonly known as the Pokes. They have 17 varsity teams and they compete in the Mountain West Conference. Josh Allen once played quarterback for the Wyoming football team.
Avon (county)
Avon was a county that existed from 1 April 1974 until 31 March 1996. It was in South West England. It was not popular, and was broken up between parts of Somerset, Bristol and Gloucestershire.
Khatana
Khatana (Urdu: کھٹانہ, Hindi: खट्टाना) "from Gojari Khotan-Hana 'King of Khotan' " is one of the major and royal tribe of Gurjars. They established many small kingdoms in South Asia and Central Asia from the Kingdom of Khotan to the State of Swat. They belong to the Yuechi or Saka Scythian (Aryan) tribes of the ancient city of Khotan in Turkestan.
Geographical Distribution
They live in large numbers in the state of Jammu and Kashmir, Azad Kashmir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Haripur Hazara, and North-Central Punjab in Pakistan. In India, there are many in Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab, Delhi, Rajasthan, and Gujarat. Some of them are settled in Afghanistan.
Branches
There are numerous branches of Khatanas, some of them are mentioned below.
Three Days of the Condor
Three Days of the Condor is a 1975 American mystery thriller directed by Sydney Pollack and was based on the 1974 novel Six Days of the Condor by James Grady. It stars Robert Redford, Faye Dunaway, Max von Sydow, Cliff Robertson, John Houseman, Addison Powell, Helen Stenborg, Walter McGinn and Tina Chen. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1976.
North Tyneside
Newcastle upon Tyne is to the west, the North Sea is to the east, the River Tyne is to the south and Northumberland is to the north. Within North Tyneside are the towns of Wallsend, North Shields, Killingworth and Whitley Bay. it is part of a built-up area joining Newcastle.
There were 208,967 people living there in 2021.
It has a directly elected mayor, Norma Redfearn of the Labour Party.
Thornton, Colorado
Thornton is a city in the state of Colorado in the United States.
Ronald Venetiaan
Ronald Runaldo Venetiaan (born June 18, 1935) is a Surinamese politician and mathematician. He served as the 6th and 8th President of Suriname. His first term as president ran from 1991 to 1996. In 2005 he was re-elected to serve a third term as president and sworn in on August 12, 2005.
Commenchon
Commenchon is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Hereford and Worcester
Hereford and Worcester was a county in England set up after 1974. It was not popular because Hereford and Worcester used to be two separate counties.
In 1997, the county was split up in Hereford and Worcester again
Tsade
Tsade is the eighteenth letter of the Hebrew alphabet. It is written as "צ" in the middle of a word. At the end of the word, it is written as "ץ". In Modern Hebrew, it is pronounced as a voiceless alveolar affricate
West Sussex
On 1 April 1974, the old county of Sussex in South East England was split into East Sussex and West Sussex. About 810,000 people live there.
Unlike many of the changes made by the Local Government Act 1972, the new counties are popular with the local people.
Digital eMation
Digital eMation, Inc. (Korean: 디지탈이메이션(주)) is an animation studio located in Seoul, South Korea and founded in 1993. They specialize in traditional animation and digital animation.
West Sussex
The ceremonial county contains the districts of Adur, Arun, Chichester, Horsham, Mid Sussex as well as the boroughs of Crawley and Worthing.
The West Sussex County Council was formed in 1889 in the ceremonial County of Sussex. Because of the Local Government Act 1972, the East and West Sussex County Council took over the ceremonial responsibilities in the two halves with Mid Sussex and parts of Crawley being given to West Sussex from East Sussex.
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
The University of Nevada, Las Vegas, often known as UNLV, is a public, coeducational university in Paradise, Nevada. The university has about 29,069 students. It was founded in 1957. The current president of the university is Neal J. Smatresk.
Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Rebels and Runnin' Rebels for basketball. They have 16 varsity teams and they compete in the Mountain West Conference.
Hanging Up
Hanging Up is a 2000 American German comedy drama movie directed by Diane Keaton (who also stars) and based on the 1995 novel of the same name by Delia Ephron. It stars Lisa Kudrow, Meg Ryan, Walter Matthau, Adam Arkin, Cloris Leachman, Myndy Crist, Charles Matthau and was distributed by Columbia Pictures.
Rosaly Lopes
Rosaly M. C. Lopes (born January 8, 1957 in Rio de Janeiro) is a geologist and a volcanologist. She is involved in the research of planets. She has authored many scientific papers as well as several books. She also supports education. Her key scientific research areas are Planets and Earth science focusing on volcanoes.
Font
In typography, the terms were set when all printing was done with metal type. Font or fount was all the letters or characters of a single size of a typeface. For example, all characters for 9-point Bulmer is a font, and the 10 point size would be another font.
With the increase in the use of personal computers, the definition of font has changed. The term font is now often used as another name for a typeface. The size of the characters has no effect on fonts when using this definition.
Melastomataceae
Melastomataceae is a large family in the order Myrtales. There are about 200 genera and 4,000 species. It is the eighth largest family in the basal Angiosperms. Plants in the family are called Melastomes.
Concevreux
Concevreux is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Whitley Bay
Whitley Bay is a seaside town in North Tyneside in Tyne and Wear, England. It used to be in Northumberland and has been part of Tyne and Wear since 1974.
Through a Glass Darkly (movie)
Through a Glass Darkly (Såsom i en spegel) is a 1961 Swedish drama movie written and directed by Ingmar Bergman. It stars Harriet Andersson, Gunnar Björnstrand, Max von Sydow and Lars Passgård.
Stormbreaker
Stormbreaker is a book by British writer Anthony Horowitz. It is the first book in the Alex Rider series. It was released on 4 September 2000 in the United Kingdom and on 21 May 2001 in the United States. A movie based on the book was released on 21 July 2006. It starred Alex Pettyfer as the book's main character, Alex Rider.
Cantor
Cantor can mean:
In mathematics Cantor may refer to:
Cantor as a surname may refer to:
Cantor is a shortened form of these names and terms:
Theresa Saldana
Theresa Saldana (August 20, 1954 – June 6, 2016) was an American actress and author.
Early life
Saldana was born in Brooklyn, New York. She was adopted at five days old by Divina and Tony Saldana, a family of Puerto Rican and Italian-American heritage.
Career
She is known for her role as Rachel Scali, the wife of Police Commissioner Tony Scali, in the 1990s television series The Commish, for which she received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Performance by an Actress in a Supporting Role, in 1994.
She played the role of 'Lenore La Motta', the wife of Joe Pesci's character, in the 1980 feature movie Raging Bull and Robert Zemeckis's Beatlemania ensemble I Wanna Hold Your Hand.
Activism and attack
She was also known for raising public awareness of the crime of stalking, after surviving a murder attempt by an obsessed fan in 1982. The fan approached Saldana in front of her West Hollywood residence in broad daylight and stabbed her in the torso 10 times with a 5½-inch (14 cm) knife, nearly killing her.
A television movie, Victims for Victims: The Theresa Saldana Story was about the attack and was released in 1984 starring Saldana as herself.
Death
Saldana died on June 6, 2016 from an illness at the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, aged 61.
Raisen district
Raisen District is a district of Madhya Pradesh state of India. The town of Raisen is the district headquarters. The district is part of Bhopal Division. Sanchi University of Buddhist-Indic Studies is the first international university located at Sanchi Town.
Public
In communication science and public relations, "public" mostly means people. The meaning of this is different than other ideas, such as gatherings in social life to talk about people (public sphere). The meaning of this is also talked about in the learning of government (political science), the learning of how humans think (psychology), and the learning of giving things to people (marketing). This word's meaning is very hard to make, as people think that public has different meanings.
How the word is created
The word "public" comes from the Latin publicus, or "of the people".
Different meanings
In the learning of government (politics), "public" means a group of people who are related to government (leader group). In psychology and public relations, public has even more different meanings.
Meaning in psychology
In the year of 1929, John Dewey had the meaning of "public" as a group of people who answer the same problem. This means that this meaning is about problems (situational). This definition of "public" with "problem" is so misunderstood that people made a whole new learning place, called as "the idea of the public being about problems" (situational theory of publics) created by James E Gruning, who was so into "the idea of the public being about problems” that he also thought of “the idea of the public not being about problems", and so made sets that put the ideas of the meaning of public in order. This includes "the idea of a public without a problem" (nonpublics), "the idea of public with a problem" (latent publics), and "the idea of public who know they have a problem" (active publics).
Meaning in public relations
In this meaning, the meaning of “public” is not someone who likes business (stakeholder) or a system of getting and giving things for money (market). This meaning of "public" here is that it is a part of a group of multiple people who like business (stakeholder) who all need to solve a problem. This is not a market because it does not have any money moving system (exchange system), and that a "public" is created by itself (self-forming) and puts itself in order by itself (self-organizing). The people who are in public relations do things for the "public". People who are needed to make a group's dreams come true are named as "target publics", and people that help the target publics are named as "influentials". Influentials are important, because they give answers to the target public's problems. The "target publics" are also important, because their answers to the government problems (like electoral votes) are very important.
The public also has rules of being in the public ("social norms"), that play a major role in how information is moved.
Situational or non-situational meaning
Public relations theory shows that the meaning of publics is situational, according to John Dewey and James E. Gruning, and is simply a group of people. According to Gabriel M. Vasquez, a public has people that all know about their common problem and all try to solve that problem (“homo narrans” [Latin for "storytelling human"]), and create a list of problems to be solved (agenda-building). For example, Schools are commonly talked about for their agenda-building, on whether they should teach about religion or not (secular). Some people think publics are about the government (political) and last forever.
Social publics
Social publics are people who like the same ideas or hobbies.
Networked publics
Networked publics are social publics who are organized by the new technology. Because of this, networked publics are the result of technologies that connect people (networked technologies, like social media), and the whole result from a combination of the people in the networked public, their technologies, and their ideas.
Publics and problems
The situational theory of publics, is about the idea that publics can be used and organized by how much they know (are aware of) their common problem, and how much action the group has taken to resolve that problem. This theory shows when people communicate ideas and when the ideas are about the people who are important in solving the common problem. This theory is almost the same as John Dewey's theory of publics and Blumer's theory of publics.
Key concepts
The five key concepts in this theory are:
History
This theory comes from James E. Grunig's writing, "The Role of Information in Economic Decision Making" in 1966. This writing was the beginning of the situational theory of publics, as it had the first key idea, problem recognition, in the writing. Then, when he wrote about the decisions of people who own land in Columbia to become a professor, he also wrote about the second key idea, constraint recognition. He then added Herbert Krugman's idea of the third key idea, level of involvement, to explain the difference between the fourth and fifth key ideas, information seeking and information processing. After that, he wrote a book in 1984 which was named "Managing Public Relations", which further made the situational theory of publics make more sense, based on John Dewey's book, which was named "The Public and Its Problems".
Extension
Even though the theory is well developed, it develops even more common. The theory has been used to show why people join groups who really want things to happen (activist groups), to organize the external (real, actual) and internal (perceived) parts (dimensions) of problem recognition, and to learn whether information that is used in information processing (processed information) can create publics. Also, some more research was done on the internal and external dimensions of problem recognition, constraint recognition, and level of involvement (Grunig & Hon, 1988; Grunig, 1997). The research is about whether the ideas are internal or external. The research shows that if the concepts are internal, they can be changed by communication, and that if they are external, then the holdable things that are around the person need to be changed in order for the person's concept of the variables to change (Grunig, 1997, p. 25). But, there is a small amount of research on the internal and external dimensions of the three key concepts, so there can be more studies on these concepts (Grunig, 1997). Then, in 2011, Jeong-Nam Kim and Grunig extended the theory to the situational theory of problem solving.
Liza Koshy
Liza Koshy (born March 31, 1996) is an American actress, television host, comedian and YouTuber. She began her career on Vine in 2013, before starting a YouTube channel.
Among her acting roles have been Aday Walker in Tyler Perry's horror comedy film ''Boo! A Madea Halloween (2016) and The Explorer in the YouTube Premium series Escape the Night'' (2017). She starred as Violet Adams in the Hulu drama television series Freakish (2016–2017). From 2017 to 2018, she was a contributor to the MTV television series Total Request Live. Since 2018, Koshy has produced and starred as the title character in the YouTube Premium comedy series Liza on Demand. From 2018 to 2019, she hosted the Nickelodeon game show revival Double Dare, for which she received an Emmy Award nomination. In 2020, she starred in the Netflix dance-comedy film Work It.
Richard Lyon (U.S. Admiral)
Lyon was born in Pasadena, California. He was selected a member of the United States Olympic swim team for the 1940 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, but the 1940 games were canceled due to the outbreak of World War II. Lyon graduated from Yale University in 1944.
Lyon died on February 3, 2017 in Oceanside, California, aged 93.
Johnny Brooks
John "Johnny" Brooks (23 December 1931 – 7 June 2016) was a former professional footballer and manager. He was born in Reading, Berkshire.
He played for Reading, Tottenham Hotspur, Chelsea, Brentford, Crystal Palace in the Football League. Brooks won three England caps, scoring two goals.
Towards the end of his career he played in non-league football with Stevenage Town and Cambridge City and in North America with Cleveland Stokers. He later player-managed Knebworth.
Brooks died of vascular dementia on 7 June 2016, aged 84.
Estenfeld
Estenfeld is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria in Germany.
Lectern
A lectern (from the Latin lectus, past participle of legere, "to read") is a reading desk with a slanted top. It is usually placed on a stand some other form of support. Documents or books are often put on top of a lectern to make it easier for someone to read them to other people. For example, for Scripture reading, lectures, speechs or sermons. The height and slant of a lectern can usually be changed to so the person reading can stand properly and make good eye-contact with an audience.
Condren
Condren is a commune. It is in the Picardy region in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Black Christmas (1974 movie)
Black Christmas (also released as Silent Night, Evil Night, and Stranger in the House) is a 1974 Canadian independent horror movie. It was directed and produced by Bob Clark. Black Christmas was released on October 11, 1974 in Canada, December 20, 1974 in the United States, and on October 12, 1975 in the United Kingdom. The movie is inspired by the urban legend "The Babysitter and the Man Upstairs" and is also based on murders that took place in Quebec around Christmas. The movie is considered to be one of the first slasher movies. There was a remake that was made and released on Christmas of 2006.
The movie gained positive reviews from critics and holds a 63% "Fresh" rating on Rotten Tomatoes.
A remake of the same name was released in 2006.
Steve Sumner
In 1991 he was inducted into the New Zealand Soccer Media Association Hall of Fame and was then awarded FIFA's top award, the FIFA Order of Merit, before the opening of the 2010 FIFA World Cup, along with Johan Cruyff and former South African president Thabo Mbeki.
Jeannette Littlemore
Jeannette Littlemore studies applied linguistics in the English Language department at the University of Birmingham. She earned her Bachelor of Arts degree in European Studies at the University of Bradford in 1989, Master of Arts in Applied Linguistics and English Language Teaching at the University of East Anglia in 1993, and PhD in English Language Teaching at Thames Valley University in 1998. She has taught in Spain, Japan, Belgium, and the UK. One of her research interests is the use of metaphor and gestures.
Glenn Heights, Texas
Glenn Heights is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
Jeannette Littlemore
Related pages
List of women linguists
Atiki Ally Atiki
Atiki Ally Atiki (born 12 January 2001) is a Tanzanian college basketball player who currently plays for BYU Cougars men's basketball of the NCAA Men's basketball NCAA Division I basketball play.
Erlabrunn
Erlabrunn is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany, on the left edge of the river Main. It forms an administrative division together with its neighbour Margetshöchheim.
Erlabrunn is about 10 km north of Würzburg. Its neighbours are in the south Margetshöchheim und Veitshöchheim, in the west Leinach and in the north Zellingen and Thüngersheim. It was first mentioned in 1209.
Erlabrunn has had a town twinning arrangement with the French commune Quettehou since 1985.
New wave music
New Wave (or New Wave music) is a style of rock music that developed in the late 1970s and early 1980s. New wave music was inspired by the punk rock movement.
New Wave music is rock music mixed with other types of music, such as punk rock music, funk, disco, ska and pop.
In essence, New Wave maintained the rebellious and energetic side of punk rock, yet was less raw and aggressive. Whilst a lot of New Wave was lyrically complex, much New Wave was pop-based, containing simple melodies and catchy hooks. Additionally, New Wave music was also very electronic in nature, and made strong usage of synthesizers. New Wave is a broad term, and as such, New Wave artists varied greatly in style, ranging from pure rock, to synthpop, to reggae-influenced music. New Wave, as a genre, additionally had a strong visual aesthetic, and is noted for the colourful fashions which New Wave artists would sport in the 1980s.
When MTV started broadcasting in 1981, many New Wave bands had their music videos played on television. This made New Wave music more popular. A well-known New Wave video is Whip It by Devo.
Mouse deer
The chevrotain, also known as mouse deer, is a small even-toed ungulate that make up the family Tragulidae
Mouse deer live in Asia. They are about the size of a hare, with short, thin legs. They stamp their small feet to signal to each other. Mouse deer are extremely nervous. When they are surprised, they freeze immediately, and then run away in a zig-zag through the forest.
Amber Gurung
Amber Gurung (अम्बर गुरुङ) (February 26, 1938 – June 7, 2016) was a Nepali composer, singer and lyricist. He was popularly known as the music composer of Nepal's national anthem "Sayaun Thunga Phool Ka".
Gurung died of esophageal cancer in Kathmandu, Nepal on June 7, 2016, aged 78.
Hutchins, Texas
Hutchins is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
Gerwin Hoekstra
Gerwin Hoekstra (22 November 1992 – 27 November 2022) was a Dutch organist.
Hoekstra started playing organ in Eenrum when he was eight years old. He earned a bachelor's degree (cum laude) in Organ Performance at the Prince Claus Conservatoire in Groningen where he studied with Erwin Wiersinga and Theo Jellema. Hoekstra moved to the United States and studied organ at the Oberlin Conservatory of Music in Oberlin, Ohio, with James David Christie and harpsichord Mark Edwards. Hoekstra was in Oberlin organist at Congregational Church of Christ.
After moving back to the Netherlands, he became the permanent organist of the Main organ of the Grote or Jacobijnerkerk in Leeuwarden of the Grote of Jacobijnerkerk in Leeuwarden in 2019. This is a historic church organ, that is considered one of the most important (baroque) organs in the Netherlands.
Hoekstra won prizes at various music competitions in the Netherlands and abroad.
In 2020 Sander Zwiep of NPO Radio 4 visited Hoekstra for his podcast Voor het orgel de Kerk in. In September 2020 Hoekstra was a guest in the NPO Radio 4 programm Maatwerk. In this programm he paid tribute to the organ of the Grote of Jacobijnerkerk.
Hoekstra died on 27 November 2022 from a serious illness at the age of 30. The NPO Radio 4 programm Maatwerk payed attention to his death, and played in tribute to him one of his recordings.
Event-driven programming
In computer programming, event-driven programming also known as event-based programming is a programming method in which the flow of the program is determined by sensor outputs or user actions (such as mouse clicks, key presses) or by messages from other programs or threads running on the computer.
Event-driven programs can be written using any of the computer programming languages, although the task is easier in languages that provide high-level of abstractions to support it. Some integrated development environments provide all assisting methods that automate most tasks required for events handling.
Wish I Was Here
Wish I Was Here is an American comedy drama movie directed by Zach Braff. It was released on July 18, 2014. It is about Aidan Bloom (Zach Braff), a struggling actor, father and husband. He is trying to find the purpose of his life at the age of 35.
Piotr Świerczewski
Piotr Jarosław Świerczewski (born 8 April 1972, Nowy Sącz) is a Polish football player. He has played for Poland national team.
Club career statistics
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International career statistics
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Toastmasters International
Toastmasters International is a global educational organization which helps to improve English speaking skills and communication. In each club, members are led by the Toastmasters Manual to speak in front of an audience fluently, to think quickly and to react confidently.
History
The first Toastmasters club opened on October 22, 1924, at Santa Ana, California, United States by Ralph C. Smedley. It was called Smedley Club Number 1. Today there are over 13,000 clubs in 116 countries.
Clubs, meetings and membership
A typical Toastmasters club is made up of 20 - 30 people who gather weekly throughout the year. The club meetings last for about two hours and there are many roles. The meetings generally consist of the following:
Anyone age 18 and above and who pays a fee can join the club and improve his/her speaking and communication skills.
Roles:
Competent Communication Manual
After completing all ten speeches the member gets a globally recognized certificate and he/she can continue strengthening his/her skills with the Advanced Communication Manuals.
Condé-en-Brie
Condé-en-Brie is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Tonic immobility
Tonic immobility is a natural state of paralysis that animals enter, often called animal hypnosis. Its function is not certain. It may be related to mating in certain animals like sharks and mammalia. It may also be a way of avoiding or deterring predators (playing dead is called thanatosis).
Tonic immobility has also been used for the paralysis that often immobilizes animals, such as rodents or birds, when they feel threatened by a predator. Tonic immobility plays a role in survival if it helps a hunted animal to blend in with its surroundings.
Tonic immobility can be induced without causing any apparent stress to the animal. For example, stroking a particular area of a lobster's shell or focusing a hen's attention on a line on the ground.
Tonic immobility has also been said to occur in humans that are subject to intense trauma, such as rape or sexual assault. Catatonia in humans is a serious psychiatric condition that often involves a state of immobility.
Sharks
Some sharks can be placed in a tonic state. The shark remains in this state of paralysis for an average of fifteen minutes before it recovers. Scientists have exploited this phenomenon to study shark behaviour.
Some sharks go into tonic immobility when they are turned upside down. With tiger sharks (measuring 3–4 metres, or 10–15 feet, in length), tonic immobility may be achieved by placing hands lightly on the sides of the animal's snout in the area surrounding its eyes. Scientists believe that tonic immobility in sharks may be related to mating, because female sharks seem more responsive than males. During tonic immobility, the dorsal fin(s) straighten, and both breathing and muscle contractions become more steady and relaxed.
Chicken hypnotism
A chicken can be "hypnotized", or put into a trance, by holding its head down against the ground, and drawing a line along the ground with a stick or a finger, starting at the beak and extending straight outward in front of the chicken. If the chicken is hypnotized in this manner, it will remain immobile for somewhere between 15 seconds and 30 minutes, continuing to stare at the line. One theory is that the trance is caused by fear, which is probably a defensive mechanism intended to feign death, albeit rather poorly.
The first known written reference for this method came in 1646, in Mirabile Experimentum de Imaginatione Gallinae by Athanasius Kircher in Rome.
OECD
The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is an international organisation of countries. Member countries of OECD all have a democratic system of government. They also accept the principle of a free economy. A country has a free economy when its government does not control the economic activities of its citizens and companies.
Tonic immobility
Methods
Another hypnosis technique is to hold the chicken face up with its back on the ground, and then run a finger downwards from the chicken's wattles to just above its vent. The chicken's feet are exposed, which facilitates the application of medication for foot mites, etc. Clapping hands or giving the chicken a gentle shove will awaken it.
One can also hypnotize a chicken by mimicking how it sleeps – with its head under its wing. In this method, hold the bird firmly, placing its head under its wing, then, gently rock the chicken back and forth and set it very carefully on the ground. It should stay in the same position for about 30 seconds. H.B. Gibson, in his book Hypnosis: its nature and therapeutic uses, says the record period for a chicken remaining in hypnosis is 3 hours 47 minutes.
Trout tickling
Trout tickling is the art of rubbing the underbelly of a trout using fingers. If done properly, the trout will go into a trance-like state after a minute or so, and can then easily be thrown onto the nearest bit of dry land.
OECD
The OECD's headquarters are at the Château de la Muette in Paris.
Angel Road railway station
Angel Road railway station was a station in the London Borough of Enfield at Edmonton in north east London. It was in Travelcard Zone 4, on the Tottenham Hale branch of the Lea Valley Lines. The station and all trains serving it were operated by Abellio Greater Anglia. It was partially located beneath the A406 road (which is named Angel Road at that point). Due to reconstruction of the A406 in the mid-1990s (involving grade-separation), the only access to the station was via a footpath running south from Conduit Lane to the north, instead of on Angel Road. The station was unstaffed.
OECD
Members
OECD has thirty-eight member countries, of which 19 became members in 1961. These countries are:
Angel Road railway station
Angel Road closed on 31 May 2019. It was replaced by Meridian Water station, 580m south of Angel Road. It opened on 3 June 2019.
Tonic immobility
Tonic immobility as a scientific tool
The rationale for the tonic immobility test is that the experimenter simulates a predator thereby eliciting an anti-predator response – "death feigning". The precept is that the prey animal 'pretends' to be dead to be able to escape when/if the predator relaxes its concentration. Death feigning birds often take advantage of escape opportunities; tonic immobility in quail reduces the probability of the birds being predated by cats.