cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Saban Entertainment
The company imported, dubbed, nd adapted several Japanese anime series, such as Mapple Town, Noozies, Funky Fables, Samurai Pizza Cats, and the first three Digimon series to North America and worldwide markets syndication, including both animation and live-action shows. Saban has also adaptaed various tokusatsu shows from Toei Company (by Koichi Sakamoto), featuring Power Rangers series (based on Super Sentai series), Big Bad Beetle Borgs (based on Juukou B-Fighter), VR Troopers (featuring elements of Metal Hero series like Space Sheriff Shaider, Jikuu Senshi Spielban, and Metalder), and Masked Rider (an original interpretation of using scenes from Kamen Rider Black RX).
Blood vessel
A blood vessel is a tube that carries blood in the circulatory system. Blood vessels that take blood away from the heart are arteries. Blood vessels that take blood back to the heart are veins. Capillaries are between veins and arteries and they supply tissue with blood.
The heart plus all of the blood vessels in the body together are called the circulatory system. Blood is moved by the pumping of the heart and carries oxygen to the tissues.
There are 100,000 km (60,000 miles) of blood vessels in an adult human body.
Saban Entertainment
And Saban has also distributed and provided for TV programs, like The Super Mario Bros. Show!, The Legend of Zelda, Dragon Ball Z and Inspector Gadget.
In 2002, Saban Entertainment was defunct and discontinued.
Blood vessel
Structure
Different parts of the body have different kinds of blood vessels for different parts of their work. The vessel wall consists of three shells:
The structure of the vessel wall depends on hemodynamic conditions: blood flow velocity, volume and blood pressure. Arteries located close to the heart are characterized by a predominance of elastic elements that are able to counteract high hemodynamic parameters. As you move away from the heart, hemodynamic values decrease, the caliber of blood vessels decreases and the number of muscle elements in their walls increases, which are able to create additional force to push blood into the network of the smallest vessels.
Viktor Josef Dammertz
Viktor Josef Dammertz (8 June 1929 – 2 March 2020) was a German bishop of the Roman Catholic Church. He was born in Schaephuysen, Rheurdt. He became a priest in 1957. He served as bishop of Augsburg from 1993 until his retirement in 2004.
Dammertz died on 2 March 2020 in Eresing, at the age of 90.
Hohenschwangau
Hohenschwangau is a former village and now an urban district of the municipality of Schwangau, Ostallgäu district, Bavaria, Germany.
Heinersreuth
Heinersreuth is a municipality in the district of Bayreuth in Bavaria in Germany.
Bérurier Noir
Bérurier Noir are a French punk band which formed in Paris in 1983. It is made up of Loran (guitar), François (vocals) and Dede (drum machine). In 1985 Masto joined, playing the saxophone. They sing about French politics and anarchism. They are one of the most famous French punk bands.
Parental leave
Parental leave or family leave is an employee benefit available in almost all countries that provides paid time off work to care for a child or make arrangements for the child's welfare. The terms "parental leave" and "family leave" include maternity, paternity, and adoption leave. Often, the minimum benefits are stipulated by law.
Tour-en-Bessin
Tour-en-Bessin is a commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France.
Darius Slay
Darius Demetrius Slay Jr. is an American football corner back. He plays for the Philadelphia Eagles. Slay was also a former corner back for the Detroit Lions. Slay is a 3x Pro Bowler 1x All Pro team in 2017. Darius Slay was born January 1, 1991 in Brunswick, GA.
Viral disease
Structural characteristics
Basic structural features, such as genome type, virion shape and replication site, generally share the same features among virus species inside the same family.
Submandibular gland
The submandibular glands are salivary glands. They are under the bottom part of the mouth.
Moshoeshoe II of Lesotho
Moshoeshoe II (2 May 1938 – 15 January 1996), previously known as Constantine Bereng Seeiso, was the paramount chief of Lesotho. He was king of Lesotho from 1966 until his exile in 1990, and from 1995 until his death in 1996.
Rec Comtal
The Rec Comtal de Barcelona was a hydraulic structure of the first magnitude that will last until the segle xix as one of the main water suppliers in the city, which was used for irrigation and also in its use of force to operate the various mills built along its route. It is a work protected as a Cultural Property of Local Interest
It took water from the Besòs river to the walls of the city. Construction was begun by Miro, Count of Barcelona in the 10th century, but it may date back to Roman times. It supplied water until the mid-20th century. In March 2016, extensive remains of structures associated with the system were discovered during excavations at Plaça de les Glòries Catalanes.
Tatsuya Yazawa
Tatsuya Yazawa (born 3 October 1984) is a Japanese football player. He plays for JEF United Ichihara Chiba.
Club career statistics
186||16||9||2||25||3||220||21 186||16||9||2||25||3||220||21
Bufo apolobambicus
Bufo apolobambicus is a species of toad. They belong to the family Bufonidae. They live in Bolivia and Peru. Their habitat is subtropical or tropical forest. Their population is dying because of habitat loss.
Tourgéville
Tourgéville is a commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France.
Pat Bowlen
Patrick Dennis Bowlen (February 18, 1944 – June 13, 2019) was an American sports executive. He was born in Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin. He was the majority owner of the Denver Broncos of the National Football League (NFL). Bowlen and his family, including his two brothers John Bowlen and Bill Bowlen, and sister Marybeth Bowlen, bought the team from Edgar Kaiser in 1984. He served as the CEO of Denver Broncos from 1984 until July 2014, when he stepped down from the role due to Alzheimer's disease. He was also principal owner of Denver Outlaws and Colorado Crush.
Bowlen died of problems caused by Alzheimer's disease on June 13, 2019 in Denver, Colorado. He was 75.
Bellevue, Switzerland
Bellevue is a municipality of the canton of Geneva in Switzerland.
National anthem
A national anthem is a country's official national song that the people of a country use to remember and respect their country. By the 18th century most countries had a national anthem and new countries chose a national anthem when they became independent. Some monarchies have a royal anthem for their monarch.
Metabolic rate
Metabolic rate is the rate of metabolism, the amount of energy used by an animal per unit of time. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the amount of energy used daily by animals at rest.
About 70% of a human's total energy use is due to the basal life processes within the organs of the body (see table). About 20% of one's energy use comes from physical activity and another 10% from the digestion of food after eating.
1961 Formula One season
The 1961 Formula One season saw Phil Hill crowned as champion.
Metabolic rate
All of these processes require an intake of oxygen to provide energy for survival, usually from macronutrients like carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. The Krebs cycle produces energy-rich ATP molecules, and gives off carbon dioxide.
Biochemistry
For the BMR, most of the energy is taken in keeping fluid levels up in tissues by osmosis, and only about one-tenth is used for mechanical work, such as digestion, heartbeat, and breathing.
What enables the Krebs cycle to perform metabolic changes to fats, carbohydrates, and proteins is energy, which can be defined as the ability or capacity to do work.
The breakdown of large molecules into smaller molecules – with release of energy – is catabolism. The breakdown of proteins into amino acids is an example of catabolism. Body heat in warm-blooded animals is produced by chemical reactions of the catabolic type.
The building up process is termed anabolism. The formation of proteins from amino acids is an anabolic process.
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the intermediate molecule that drives the transfer of energy used in muscle contraction. ATP is a high energy molecule because it stores large amounts of energy in the chemical bonds of the two terminal phosphate groups. The breaking of these chemical bonds in the Krebs cycle provides the energy needed for muscular contraction.
Individual differences
The metabolic rate varies between individuals. One study of 150 adults representative of the population in Scotland reported basal metabolic rates from as low as 1027 kcal per day (4301 kJ) to as high as 2499 kcal (10455 kJ). The average was 1500 kcal (6279 kJ) per day.
The researchers calculated that 62.3% of this variation was explained by differences in the mass (weight) minus the fat reserves. Other factors were the amount of fat (6.7%), age (1.7%), and experimental error including within-subject difference (2%). The rest of the variation (26.7%) was unexplained.
So there are differences in BMR even when comparing two subjects with the same lean body mass. The top 5% of people are metabolizing energy 28-32% faster than individuals with the lowest 5% BMR. For instance, one study reported an extreme case where two individuals with the same lean body mass of 43 kg had BMRs of 1075 kcal/day (4.5 MJ) and 1790 kcal/day (7.5 MJ). This difference of 715 kcal (67%) is equivalent to one of the individuals completing a 10 kilometer run every day.
Scaling effects
Metabolic rates vary according to animal size, and this has been discussed for over a century.
The graphs show that :
Mammal
Mammals are animals which form the class Mammalia (from Latin mamma, 'breast'). They are a group of vertebrate animals. They have fur or hair and a very precise kind of temperature regulation.
With the exception of the monotremes, all mammals bear live young. Unlike other vertebrates, they are the only animals that produce milk for their young through their mammary glands. Parental care of the young is universal among mammals, sometimes for extended periods.
Mammals became the dominant land animals after non-bird dinosaurs were eliminated. Recent work helped to explain their success: epigenetics seems to have started in early mammals.
Reproductive cycle
Most marsupial and eutherian mammals have a reproductive cycle known as the oestrous cycle (U.S: estrous cycle). Females are sexually active only during the oestrous stage, when they are 'on heat' for a few days each month. If an ovum is not fertilized, the endometrium (uterus lining) is resorbed. Oestrus cycles may occur once or twice a year, or many times a year. Each group of mammals has its own frequency.
Humans and primates, are quite different. They have a menstrual cycle. In this case, females are sexually receptive at any time, but only fertile when an ovum is released from an ovary. In this case, the endometrium (if not needed for an fertilised egg) is discarded. The endometrium is shed, and takes with it a certain amount of blood. In this system, eggs are released from the ovaries mostly in the middle of the cycle, away from the menstrual period. This ovulation is 'concealed', meaning, it is not obvious when it occurs. This process, so it is thought, tends to keep the male and female together, which is unusual in mammals with the oestrous cycle. Keeping males and females together is related to the long learning period of primates.
Skeleton
One diagnostic feature of mammals is the lower jaw. Unlike earlier forms, it is a single bone, the dentary. This is one feature which can be seen in fossils, or at least those which are complete enough to have the lower jaw. Another diagnostic feature is the ear ossicles. Mammals have three little bones in their inner ear. These ear ossicles are bones which were, long ago, part of the lower jaw in early proto-mammals.
There are quite a number of other features in the skull and limbs, so that it is usually possible to identify and describe a mammal from its skeleton alone, or even a partial skeleton.
Neocortex and behavior
Another diagnostic feature is the neocortex of the brain, which no other vertebrate has. This is involved in the kind of flexible behavior and learning typical of mammals. Reptiles and birds have much of their behavior controlled by "inherited behavior chains", which roughly translates as "instincts". Almost all animals can do some learning, but mammals do far more than other vertebrates. Their behavior is much more flexible than lizards, for example, and that is made possible by their neocortex.
The emotions of mammals are very noticeable, and rather similar to ours. It is possible, and quite common, for humans to have a friendly relationship with another mammal. It is quite impossible for a human to have any kind of relationship with a snake or a gecko (for example). This is because the reptile simply does not have the same basic emotions as a human.
Other items
In the language of cladistics, the 50 unique characters are apomorphies which prove that mammals are a clade descended from a common ancestor.
Main groups
All mammals feed milk to their young, and protect and look after them.
The vast majority of mammal species give birth to live young, these are the placental mammals, most of which are classified as Eutheria and a small number are classified as marsupials.
Vogtareuth
Vogtareuth is a municipality in Rosenheim, a district (Landkreis) in Upper Bavaria.
Mammal
Main groups
Marsupials are mammals with pouches to carry young in, like the kangaroo.
Enola, Arkansas
Enola is a town in the US state of Arkansas.
Mammal
Main groups
There are only five species (the monotreme mammals) that lay eggs, the duck-billed platypus Ornithorhynchus, and four species of spiny anteater Echidna. The monotremes are confined to Australia and New Guinea, and are the sole survivors of an earlier group of mammals.
Modes of life
By number of species, mammals (with 5488 species), are not the most successful vertebrates. Birds, with about 10,000 species have nearly twice as many, and reptiles have just as many as birds. Fish have even more species. There are 27,000 species of fish, of which nearly 26,000 are bony fish.
Despite this, many zoologists do regard mammals as a successful group of animals. One reason is that they are successful in all habitats on Earth. In the air, in the water, in forests, in the colder regions of the world, and above all on grasslands, where they are outstandingly successful.
Heliport
A heliport is a small airport only for use by helicopters. Heliports normally contain one or more helipads and may have limited facilities such as fuel, lighting, a windsock, or even hangars. In larger towns and cities, customs facilities may be available at a heliport.
Mammal
Modes of life
In the air, the bats (Chiroptera) are the mammalian order with the most species. They 'own' the nighttime, since birds are largely diurnal (daytime) animals. Bats are hugely successful, mostly as nighttime predators of insects.
Heliport
The early supporters of helicopters hoped that heliports would become popular, but they have not been popular in urban areas due to the unpleasant noise caused by helicopter traffic.
Mammal
Modes of life
Seagoing mammals, the Cetacea and the pinnipeds, are very successful and significant predators. This includes the whales, seals, walrus, dolphins and others.
Heliport
Purpose
In a large metropolis, a heliport can serve passengers needing to quickly move within the city or to outlying regions. Generally heliports can be situated closer to a town or city centre than an airport for fixed-wing aircraft. The advantage in flying by helicopter to a destination or even to the city's main airport is that travel can be much faster than driving. As an example, the Downtown Manhattan Heliport in New York City provides scheduled service to John F. Kennedy International Airport and is used to move wealthy persons and important goods quickly to destinations as far away as Maryland.
Some skyscrapers feature rooftop helipads or heliports to serve the transport needs of executives or clients. The U.S. Bank Tower in Los Angeles is an example. Police departments use heliports as a base for police helicopters, and larger department may have a dedicated one such as the LAPD Hooper Heliport.
Mammal
Modes of life
The terrestrial mammals are fewer in number of species than lizards, but they are huge in individual numbers, and far more important in the life of the terrestrial biomes. Their ability to move from place to place and adapt has made them a most effective group. Many mammals live in cold places. These mammals have thick hair or blubber to keep them warm. Others may live in rainforests. On land the rodents (rats, mice) are hugely successful, more common in numbers than any other mammals. Large mammals on land have been hunted to extinction in some parts of the world, but the ones which remain are now better protected.
Heliport
Purpose
Helipads are common features at hospitals where they serve to facilitate MEDEVACs or air ambulance transfers of patients to trauma units or to accept patients from remote areas without local hospitals or facilities capable of providing the level of emergency care required. In urban environments, these heliports are typically located on the roof of the hospital.
Numbering
Heliports have no orientation and are not numbered in a standard fashion like runways. In some US cities it is standard to paint the maximum allowable weight of a helicopter in thousands of pounds. Thus, a 12 in a circle designates that the maximum landing weight is 12,000 lbs.
Mammal
Modes of life
Last, but certainly not least, are the primates. Their natural habitat, with few exceptions, are the forests. Most live in the trees, with hands that grasp, good colour vision, and intelligence. In the Pliocene period some moved out onto the savannas as grassland replaced forests. Mankind is the result of this shift into the savannas.
Heliport
Numbering
Some Canadian hospital heliports have a cross and some have the letter "H" in the middle.
Mammal
Taxonomy
The evolutionary relationships among land vertebrates is as follows:
Heliport
Lighting
Heliport lighting normally consists of a circle or square of inset lights around the surface called the TLOF (touchdown and lift-off area) and another around the overall landing area called the FATO (final approach and takeoff area). The later encompasses the TLOF as well and the lights may be elevated or inset. Both sets of lights are now recommended to be green by the International Civil Aviation Organization and Federal Aviation Administration. Yellow (amber) was the former standard and is still preferred in many locations. There is a great deal of variance in color depending on the owner and jurisdiction. These lights were traditionally incandescent but are now increasingly light-emitting diodes with brightness control. The TLOF and FATO lights may be supplemented with surface flood lights. A lighted wind cone is necessary. At ground-based locations, a row of lead-in lights in the preferred direction of approach is sometimes used. Visual slope guidance systems (such as HAPI, PAPI, etc.) are recommended in both ICAO and FAA documents but are rarely deployed due to the high cost relative to the rest of the lighting system. While airports commonly use 6.6A direct current power, heliport lighting is normally AC powered. Radio control of the lighting by the pilot via an automated ground-based controller is also common.
Mammal
Taxonomy
This sort of classification is not traditional, but it does reflect our knowledge of palaeontology and evolution.
Standardized textbook classification
A somewhat standardized classification system has been adopted by most current mammalogy classroom textbooks. It is based on living animals. The following taxonomy of extant and recently extinct mammals is from Vaughan et al. 2000.
Class Mammalia
List of living orders
Mammals can be divided in a number of orders:
Debate on the meaning of "mammalia"
Kemp explains the problem with that approach: "If the definition of a mammal is based rigorously upon possession of all the characters of living mammals, then some fossil forms that are extremely mammalian in anatomy... are excluded".
"An altogether different perspective on defining Mammalia is based on traditional palaeobiological practice. An arbitrary decision is made about which characters to select as defining characters... Characters deemed appropriate are those reflecting the... fundamental mammalian biology. The essence of mammalian life is to be found in their endothermic temperature physiology, greatly enlarged brain, dentition capable of chewing food, highly agile, energetic locomotion, and so on. The organisms that achieved this grade of overall organisation are deemed to be Mammalia... Around the end of the Triassic period, about 205 mya, a number of fossils are found of very small animals that have [most] of the skeletal characters of modern mammals".
Shafie Salleh
Tan Sri Dr. Haji Shafie bin Mohd Salleh Jawi: شافعي بن محمد صالح; 29 September 1946 – 11 September 2019) was a Malaysian Barisan Nasional politician. He was Higher Education Minister of Malaysia from 2004 through 2006. Shafie Salleh was also the Chief Scout of Malaysia. He was a member of Parliament from 1995 through 2006. Salleh was born in Selangor, Malaysia.
Salleh died at a hospital at the Batu Caves in Selangor of liver failure on 11 September 2019 at the age of 72.
Ancient Greece
Ancient Greek civilization, also commonly called Ancient Greece, was a large area, mostly along the northeast shore of the Mediterranean Sea, where people spoke the Greek language. The area was much larger than today's country of Greece. The Greek civilization thrived from the archaic period of the 8th to the 6th centuries BC to 146 BC. The period ended with the Roman conquest of Greece at the Battle of Corinth.
For most of the time, the Greeks did not have one government or ruler although they had a common language and culture. Greek is an Indo-European language.
There were many city-states, each with its own constitution. Athens, Sparta and Corinth were powerful city-states. Some had kings, and others, like Athens, had a form of democracy. As time went on, the most powerful city-states collected others into groups known as "leagues". That applied to many of the Greek colonies in Asia Minor, most of which had close ties to one or to another of the three biggest cities.
Edmondson, Arkansas
Edmondson is a town in the US state of Arkansas.
Ancient Greece
In the middle of the period, Classical Greece flourished during the 5th to 4th centuries BC. Athenian leadership repelled the threat of Persian invasion during the Greco-Persian Wars. The Athenian Golden Age ended with the defeat of Athens at the hands of Sparta in the Peloponnesian War in 345 BC.
In the last period, Greece was unified by the conquests of Alexander the Great. The city-states continued under the overall influence of Macedonia during the Hellenistic Period.
Greek culture had some influence on the Roman Empire, the main power of the Ancient World. That made classical Greece part of the foundation of Western civilization. Greek was also the language of the Byzantine Empire.
Petroleum County, Montana
Petroleum County is a county found in the U.S. state of Montana. As of the 2010 United States Census, 494 people lived there, making it the least populous county in Montana and the seventh-least populous in the United States. Its county seat is Winnett. The county's area was part from Fergus County to become the last of Montana's 56 counties to be organized.
Ancient Greece
Literacy
In the 8th century B.C., the Greeks learned how to read and write a second time. They had lost literacy at the end of the Mycenaean culture, as the Mediterranean world fell into the Dark Ages. The Greek Dark Ages (~1100 BC–750 BC), also called the Bronze Age collapse, is a period in the history of Ancient Greece and Anatolia for which there are no written records and few archaeological remains.
Wrotham
Wrotham is a village in Tonbridge and Malling, Kent, England. Nearly 2,000 people live in Wrotham. Its postcode is TN15.
Ancient Greece
Literacy
The Greeks learned about the alphabet from another ancient people, the Phoenicians. They made some adjustments to it. In particular, the Greeks introduced regular letters for vowels, which were more important in their language. Their alphabet was, in turn, modified by the Etruscans and then the Romans, and much of the world now uses the Roman alphabet.
Political structure
Ancient Greece had one language and culture but was not unified until 337 BC, when Macedonia defeated Athens and Thebes. That marked the end of the Classical period and the start of the Hellenistic period. Even then, the conquered cities were merely joined to Philip II of Macedon's Corinthian League, were not occupied and ruled themselves.
City-states in Ancient Greece
Ancient Greece consisted of several hundred more or less independent city states. That was different from other societies, which were either tribal or kingdoms that ruled over relatively large territories.
The geography of Greece, which is divided and sub-divided by hills, mountains and rivers, certainly contributed to the nature of ancient Greece. On the one hand, the ancient Greeks had no doubt that they were "one people" since they had the same religion, same basic culture, and same language. However, each city-state, or polis, was independent; unification was something rarely discussed by the ancient Greeks. Even during the second Persian invasion of Greece, although a group of city-states allied themselves to defend Greece, most poleis remained neutral, and after the Persian defeat, the allies quickly returned to infighting.
The major features of the Ancient Greek political system were:
Later, during the Classical period, the leagues were fewer and larger, and dominated by one city (particularly Athens, Sparta and Thebes). Often cities would be forced to join under threat of war or as part of a peace treaty. After Philip II had conquered the heartlands of ancient Greece, he did not try to annex the territory or unify it into a new province. However, he forced most of the cities to join his own Corinthian League.
Kingdoms
Some city-states were democratic, some were aristocratic and some were monarchies. Some had many revolutions in which one kind of government replaced another. One famous Greek kingdom is Macedon, which became briefly the largest empire that the world had seen at the time by conquering the Persian Empire (including ancient Egypt) and reaching India. Other famous kingdoms are Epirus and Thessaly.
Monarchies in ancient Greece were not absolute because there was usually a council of older citizens (the Senate or, in Macedonia, the Congress) who gave advice to the King. These men were not elected or chosen in a lottery, unlike in the democratic city-states.
Citizens
Citizens who could participate in government in ancient Greece were usually men who were free-born in that city. Women, slaves and (usually) residents who were born elsewhere did not have the right to vote. The details differed by city-state.
For example, in Athens, the residents of Athens were of three groups: citizens, metics (resident aliens) and slaves. Citizens were residents whose ancestors had been Athenians for three generations. Male citizens had the rights of free men and could be chosen to fulfill any official state position. "Of the estimated 150,000 residents of the city-state of Attica, only about one fifth held the privilege of citizenship". Women who were citizens in Athens could not participate in political offices, but in Sparta they could.
Colonies
The number of Greeks grew, and soon, not enough food could be grown for all of the people. When that happened, a city-state would send people off to start a new one, known as a colony.
Because the terrain was rough, most travel was by sea. For that reason, many new cities were established along the coastline. First new cities were started in Anatolia (Asia Minor) and later along the Black Sea, in Cyprus, in southern Italy, in Sicily and around what is now Benghazi in Libya. They even started a city, Naucratis, on the river Nile, in Egypt. Today's Syracuse, Naples, Marseille and Istanbul started as the Greek cities Syracusa, Neapolis, Massilia and Byzantium.
The big four
By the 6th century BC, some city-states became much more important than the others: Corinth, Thebes, Sparta and Athens.
2017 Portugal wildfires
A series of wildfires erupted across central Portugal during the night of 17–18 June 2017, resulting in at least 65 deaths and at least 254 injured people.
Ancient Greece
The big four
Athens became a democracy in 510 BC. The men came to a place in the centre of the city and decided what to do. It was the first place in the world in which the people decided what their country should do. They would talk and then vote on what to do at the Boule (Council). However, the women and the slaves did not vote. The slaves were owned by their masters and could be sold to someone else. The Athenian slaves were less free than the Spartan helots were. Every year, Athenian citizens elected eight strategoi (generals), who led them in war.
Greco-Persian Wars
In 499 BC, the Greek city-states in Anatolia rebelled because did not want Persia to rule them anymore. Athens sent 20 ships to fight the Persians on the sea. The Greeks in Anatolia were defeated. Persian King Darius I decided to punish Athens. He sent soldiers and ships to fight Athens.
Athens asked for help from Sparta, which was unable to because it then had a religious festival. Athens sent its own soldiers against the Persian soldiers and at the Battle of Marathon (490 BC) defeated the Persians. Help from Sparta then came.
At the Battle of Thermopylae, the Spartans were led by Leonidas and resisted the huge Persian army. After a couple of days, a traitor, Ephialtes, led the Persians around the pass behind the Greek army. Realising that defeat was inevitable, Leonidas released many of his men. Those who stayed knew that it would be a fight to the death. Leonides kept elite hoplites (foot soldiers) who had living sons at home. Some Thespians and Thebans who volunteered to stay.
On the third day, Leonidas led his 300 Spartan hoplites and their allies against Xerxes I and his mighty army. The Spartan-led forces fought the Persian force to their deaths to block the pass long enough to keep Xerxes and his army occupied while the rest of the Greek army escaped.
After Thermopylae, many Greeks wanted to go south to the Peloponnese. Because the Isthmus of Corinth, the way into the Peloponnese, is very narrow, many of them wanted to fight the Persians there.
Athens is north of Corinth and had a navy. The Athenian leader Themistocles wanted to fight the Persians by the island of Salamis. Xerxes decided to send his fleet against the Greek fleet before the Greek ships could go to the Peloponnese. The Greek fleet defeated the Persians at the Battle of Salamis. Xerxes then went home with many of his soldiers, but a Persian army stayed in Greece. It was defeated at the Battle of Platea in 479 BC.
Peloponnesian War
After the Persians' defeat at Platea, the Spartans did very little. However, Persia was still dangerous. Athens asked the Greek city-states on the islands in the Aegean and in Anatolia to join it. They agreed because they were afraid of Persia and formed the Delian League and Athens was their leader. Many of the city-states of the Delian League had to pay Athens tribute money. Athens used it to build many ships and the Parthenon. During the Peloponnesian War, Sparta was still strong on land, but Athens was stronger on the sea. Several times, there was war between Athens and Sparta. Athens then decided to send many ships to Sicily to Syracuse. Sparta sent help to Syracuse, and Athens was defeated. None of the Athenian ships came back.
Sparta now wanted to build ships to fight Athens. It took a long time for Sparta to defeat Athens, but at the Battle of Aegospotami, the Spartans destroyed most of Athens's ships. The Athenians used advanced ships, called triremes, which had their combat systems and were propelled by oarsmen. On the front of the trireme was a large bronze battering ram. The oarsmen would row the trireme at an enemy boat and ram a hole into its hull. This was the most effective way for the trireme to destroy other boats. The hoplites on the trireme would board the enemy ship and capture it. However, the Athenian fleet of triremes was destroyed in a battle in 405 BC. Athens surrendered the following year and the war was over. Athens never recovered its previous domination.
Daily life
Men, when they were not working, fighting or discussing politics, could at festive times go to watch dramas, comedies or tragedies. Ancient Greek theatre often involved politics and the gods of Greek mythology. Women were not allowed to perform in the theatre and so male actors played female roles.
Ecumene
The ecumene (US) or oecumene (UK) is an ancient Greek term for the known world. In antiquity, it was the parts of the world known to Greek geographers, which was basically the Mediterranean world. Europe, Asia and Africa (north of the Atlas mountains and Egypt). The Greeks were well aware of the Persian Empire, and Alexander the Great's army got as far as parts of what is now Pakistan.
Under the Roman Empire, the term came to mean civilisation itself, which was wider than the Greeks had supposed.
Games
The famous Olympic games were held at Olympia every four years. They were for men only, and women were not allowed to attend, even as spectators. The sports included running, javelin throwing, discus throwing and wrestling. The games were unusual because the athletes could come from any Greek city-state.
Another competition, the Heraean Games, was held for women and was also held at Olympus at a different time from the men's event.
The rules for girls in Sparta were different from other city-states. They were trained in the same events as boys because Spartans believed that strong women would would produce strong babies, who would become future warriors. Their girl athletes were unmarried and competed while they were nude or wore short dresses. Boys were allowed to watch the athletes in the hope of creating marriages and offspring.
Later, during the classical period, girls could compete in the same festivals as males.
Hummeltal
Hummeltal is a municipality in the district of Bayreuth in Bavaria in Germany.
Military diving
Military diving is underwater diving done by members of armed forces for military purposes.
Japan national under-23 football team
The Japan national under-23 football team is a national association football youth team of Japan and is controlled by the Japan Football Association. The team won the gold medal at the 2010 Asian Games and were champions in the 2016 AFC U-23 Championship. Since 1992, it was decided that teams targeting athletes under the age of 23 will participate in the Olympics (additional provisions for overage limits have been added since 1996).
Military diving
Military diving for offensive purposes is usually done using rebreathers as they do not make much bubbles which can be seen by the enemy. These divers may be called frogmen or combat divers.
Othe military divers do work to remove obstructions and explosive devices like mines. They are called clearance divers.
Military divers may also do inspections and repair work on the bottoms of ships, and underwater work in support of military engineering operations.
Lili Reinhart
Lili Pauline Reinhart (born September 13, 1996) is an American actress. She is known for played Betty Cooper in The CW teen drama series Riverdale and Annabelle in the comedy-drama movie Hustlers (2019).
Reinhart was born in Cleveland, Ohio. She grew up in the nearby town of Bay Village. She is bisexual.
Shih Chun-jen
Shih Chun-jen (2 December 1923 – 18 June 2017) was a Taiwanese neurosurgeon. He led the Department of Health from 1986 to 1990. Shih was appointed the head surgeon at Tri-Service General Hospital, a medical institution affiliated with the National Defense Medical Center, in 1975. Two years later, he co-founded the Taiwan Neurological Society. He was born in Gosei, Taikō, Taichū Prefecture, Taiwan, Empire of Japan.
Shih died of a heart attack at a hospital in Taipei on 18 June 2017, aged 93.
Roger Soloman
Roger Allan Francis Soloman (May 16, 1939 – April 14, 2021) was a Canadian provincial politician and educator on Prince Edward Island.
Leo Bretholz
Leo Bretholz (March 6, 1921 – March 8, 2014) was an Austrian writer and holocaust survivor. In 1942, he escaped from a train heading for Auschwitz. He has also written a book on his experiences, titled Leap into Darkness.
Roger Soloman
He served as member of the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island (MLA) from 1993 to 1996, sitting with the Prince Edward Island Liberal Party. He died April 14, 2021 at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital in Charlottetown a month before his 82nd birthday.
Leo Bretholz
Bretholz died in Pikesville, Maryland from natural causes, aged 93.
Felsenthal, Arkansas
Felsenthal is a town in the US state of Arkansas.
Hoe
Hoe or HOE may mean:
Carlo Giustini
Carlo Giustini (born 4 May 1923) is an Italian former actor. He was sometimes called as Carlo Justini. Giustini is known for his roles in Wild, Wild Planet and War of the Planets.
Tournay-sur-Odon
Tournay-sur-Odon is a former commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune of Val d'Arry.
Fourche, Arkansas
Fourche is a town in the US state of Arkansas.
Norman Stansfield
Norman Stansfield (also known as Stansfield) is a fictional character and the main villain of Luc Besson's 1994 movie Léon: The Professional. He is played by Gary Oldman.
He is a corrupt and mentally unstable Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) agent. He has been named as one of cinema's greatest villains. In honor of its influence, Noah Walden of MSN Movies described the Stansfield character as "the role that launched a thousand villains".
Plymouth Hoe
Plymouth Hoe, also known as the Hoe, is a south-facing public area in Plymouth, England. It is next to limestone cliffs along the seafront with a view of Plymouth Sound, Drake's Island, and across the Hamoaze to Mount Edgcumbe in Cornwall. The name comes from the Old English word "hoh", which means a sloped ridge shaped like an upside-down foot and heel.
Western Australian Legislative Assembly
The Western Australian Legislative Assembly is the lower house of the Parliament of Western Australia.
Race and crime in the United States
The relationship between race and crime in the United States has been a topic of public controversy and debate for more than a century.
Kenji Kikawada
Kenji Kikawada (born 28 October 1974) is a former Japanese football player.
Race and crime in the United States
Since the 1980s, the debate has focused on the causes of some minorities at all stages of the criminal justice system, including arrests, racial background of violent criminals as identified by their victims, prosecutions and incarcerations. Federal Prosecutors of African American and Hispanic defendants are twice as likely to push for mandatory minimum sentences, leading to longer sentences and disparities in incarceration rates for federal offenses.
Kenji Kikawada
Club career statistics
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Ed Schafer
Edward Thomas "Ed" Schafer (born August 8, 1946) is a former Governor of North Dakota. He was Secretary of Agriculture from January 28 2008 to January 20 2009. He was a member of the United States Republican Party.
Pfaffing
Pfaffing is a municipality in Rosenheim, a district (Landkreis) in Upper Bavaria.
Amargosa toad
The Amargosa toad (Bufo nelsoni) is a species of toad. They belong to the family Bufonidae. They were once considered a subspecies of the Western toad.
Cock and ball torture
Cock and ball torture is a sexual activity involving the penis. It is used in BDSM. Cock and ball torture works by constricting the penis or the scrotum. Methods for cock and ball torture usually involve causing pain to the male genitals, including wax play, kicking, and electrostimulation. The person who enjoys having these things done to them may feel physical pleasure from cock and ball torture via masochism, or emotional pleasure from knowing that the activity gives pleasure to a sadistic partner. Many cock and ball torture activities put the submissive person at risk of being injured.
990
990 was a common year.
Religious symbol
A religious symbol is a symbol that is used to represent a religion. These include a star and crescent for Islam, a cross for Christianity, and the Star of David for Judaism. Religious symbols have been used by the military in many countries, including the United States military chaplain symbols.
Teresa Gorman
Teresa Ellen Gorman (née Moore; 30 September 1931 – 28 August 2015) was a British politician. She was born in Putney, London. She was Conservative Member of Parliament for Billericay, in the county of Essex in England, from 1987 until 2001, when she stood down.
Kirchenpingarten
Kirchenpingarten is a municipality in the district of Bayreuth in Bavaria in Germany.
Tournebu
Tournebu is a former commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of Cesny-les-Sources.
Herveo plump toad
The Herveo plump toad (Orsornophryne percrassa) is a species of toad. They belong to the family Bufonidae. They live in Colombia. Their habitat is subtropical or tropical forests. They like to live on high-altitude grasslands. Their population is dying because of habitat loss.
Electronic signature
An electronic signature is an electronic record of an agreement.
Pakistani Taliban
The Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (commonly called  TTP) are a militant Islamist group in Pakistan. Like the Taliban in Afghanistan they are mostly Pashtun. They have done a number of attacks all over Pakistan. The United States has classified them as a terrorist organisation. While they have a common name with the Taliban in Afghanistan, their ideas are different. They also have a different leadership and their goals are different from those of the Afghan Taliban.
The TTP want the Pakistani army to withdraw from Waziristan, which it occupied in 2009.
Differences between Afgan Taliban and the TTP
Many experts think that the common name "Taliban" for both groups is misleading. Fights between the Pakistani army and the TTP have erroneously been reported as the army fighting the Afghan Taliban.
Electronic signature
Electronic signatures exist in different forms. All forms can show that somebody agreed with something. Some forms can also protect the data the person agreed with from being changed easily, or they can legally identify the person that agreed. To do this, ideas from public-key cryptography are used: digital signatures, certificates, and hash codes. An electronic signature often includes a timestamp to show when the signature was made. Much like cryptography, electronic signatures can be used for any kind of data, there is no requirement that the data signed has a specific format.
Even though cryptography is often used, the term electronic signature has a legal meaning. This is different from the technical term digital signature used in cryptography. Many countries have made regulations so that some electronic signatures   are equivalent to a handwritten signature for many purposes.
Pakistani Taliban
Differences between Afgan Taliban and the TTP
The TTP acts on its own, fighting the Pakistani armed forces; Pakistan supported the Afghan Taliban in the past.
Electronic signature
There are different ways in which an electronic signature can be done. Many countries have standards as to what such a signature must look like. Examples for such regulations are eIDAS in the European Union, NIST-DSS in the United States or ZertES in Switzerland.
Advanced electronic signature
For an electronic signature to be considered as advanced, it must meet the following requirements:
Pakistani Taliban
Differences between Afgan Taliban and the TTP
The Afghan Taliban also do not take part in the fight of the TTP against the  Pakistani military.
Electronic signature
Qualified electronic signature
A qualified electronic signature is an electronic signature that is compliant to EU Regulation No 910/2014 (eIDAS Regulation) for electronic transactions within the internal European market. It enables to verify the authorship of a declaration in electronic data exchange over long periods of time. Qualified electronic signatures can be considered as digital equivalent to handwritten signatures.
Qualified electronic signatures use digital certificates, which are issued by accredited certification authorities. The certtificate and key are stored securely, usually on a smart card. To access the data on the smart card, the user must autenticate himself or herself, usually with a password or piece of biometric data. The certification authority also checked that the user is who he pretends to be, usually cross-checking with an official, state-issued document.
In addition to the points listed under "addvanced electronic signature", a qualified electronic signature also legally identifies the signer. before the authorities.
Marshall Rosenberg
Marshall Rosenberg (October 6, 1934 – February 7, 2015) was an American psychologist. He was the creator of Nonviolent Communication.
Forsvarets Spesialkommando
FSK (Forsvarets spesialkommando) is the name of the special forces of Norway's Ministry of Defence. They were established in 1981.
Tournières
Tournières is a commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France.
Transcription factor
A transcription factor is sometimes called a 'sequence-specific DNA-binding factor'. Alone or with other proteins, they promote or block RNA polymerase. RNA polymerase is the enzyme that copies genetic information from DNA to RNA for specific genes.
Glossary:
Conrad Vernon
Conrad Vernon (born July 11, 1968) is an American movie director, screenwriter, producer, voice actor and comedian. He is best known for his work in DreamWorks and Blue Sky Animation animated movies. These include Shrek 2, Monsters vs. Aliens and especially Madagascar 3: Europe's Most Wanted.