cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Vera Drake
Vera Drake is a 2004 British French period drama movie directed by Mike Leigh and starring Imelda Staunton, Phil Davis, Daniel Mays, Sandra Voe, Eddie Marsan, Adrian Scarborough, Heather Craney, Sally Hawkins, Gerard Monaco, Ruth Sheen, Jim Broadbent, Lesley Manville, Lesley Sharp. It was nominated for 3 Academy Awards in 2005.
Blackfire (American band)
Blackfire is a Native American punk rock group.
Influences
Blackfire's influences include Green Day, The Clash, Aerosmith, Kiss, Nirvana, Lenny Kravitz, Soundgarden, Metallica, Poison, Mötley Crüe, Ramones, Black Flag, The Misfits, The Offspring, Social Distortion, Suicidal Tendencies, Bad Brains, Hüsker Dü, Meat Puppets, Goo Goo Dolls, Fishbone, Pennywise, Descendents, Buzzcocks, The Jam and INXS.
Ole Nordhaug
Ole Nordhaug (3 February 1925 – 19 September 2021) was a Norwegian Lutheran bishop. He was the first Bishop of the Diocese of Møre from its creation in 1983 until his retirement in 1991. He was born in Bolsøy, Norway. He became the Dean of the Fredrikstad Cathedral from 1977 until 1983.
Nordhaug died on 19 September 2021 in Oslo, Norway at the age of 96.
François-Xavier Ortoli
François-Xavier Ortoli (16 February 1925 – 30 November 2007) was a French politician. He served as the 5th President of the European Commission from 1973 to 1977. He served as Minister of the Economy of France from 1968 to 1969.
Norton, Vermont
Norton is a town in Essex County, Vermont, United States.
David Bruce
David Bruce (born October 7, 1964 in Thunder Bay, Ontario) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey player who played for the Vancouver Canucks, St. Louis Blues, and San Jose Sharks of the National Hockey League (NHL).
2008 in movies
Below is a list of movies released in 2008, ordered by release date.
Presles, Val-d'Oise
Presles is a commune. It is in Île-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north France.
Misiones Department
Misiones (Departamento de Misiones) is a department in Paraguay. The capital is the city of San Juan Bautista. Its ISO 3166-2 code is PY-08.
History
The town of Yabebyry was established in 1790, and later, the towns of San Miguel and San Juan Bautista were founded. In 1906, the Misiones department was created in 1906 as the San Ignacio department with 8 districts: San Ignacio, Santa Rosa, Santa María, Santiago, San Juan Bautista, San Miguel, Ayolas and Florida. When the department was renamed as Misiones in 1945, its capital was moved from San Ignacio to San Juan Bautista.
Geography
The Misiones department is in the south of the Oriental region. It has an area of 9556 km2, 2% of the area of Paraguay. Its estimated population in 2013 is 119,719 for a population density of inhabitants/km2.
Misiones department is relatively flat and several rivers and streams flow through its territory. The northern and southern borders of the department are formed by, respectively, the Tebicuary and the Paraná rivers.
Climate
, the total amount of precipitation for the year 2012 in the city of San Juan Bautista was 1405.9 mm. The month with the most precipitation was April with 318.4 mm of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation was June with 29.3 mm.
The average temperature for the year 2012 in San Juan Bautista was 22.3 °C. The warmest month, on average, was February with an average temperature of 28.4 °C. The coolest month on average is July, with an average temperature of 14.6 °C.
Districts
The department is divided in 22 districts:
Economy
The basic economical activity of this department is cattle raising. As for agriculture, the fields are mainly in the north and center of the department.
Tourism
Its main attractions are the beaches formed by the rivers Paraná and Tebicuary. Villa Florida is a city which offers landscapes to its visitors.
Loyettes
Loyettes is a commune. It is found in the region Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in the Ain department in the east of France.
Coir
Coir, also called coconut fibre, is a natural fibre extracted from the coconu t. It is made into rope, floor mats, doormats, brushes, and mattresses. It is found between the hard, internal shell and the outer coat of a coconut. It is quite waterproof, and resists damage by saltwater.
Eiichiro Ozaki
Eiichiro Ozaki (born 7 December 1984) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Gainare Tottori.
Touchpad
A touchpad (also called a trackpad) is a type of input device for computers that does the same things as a computer mouse. It is made up of a flat, touch-sensitive surface which the user slides one or more fingers on to move the cursor on the screen. Next to the touchpad are push-buttons that work just like mouse buttons, including left-clicking and right-clicking. In some newer touchpads, there are no actual buttons, and clicking is done by pushing near the button of the touchpad itself.
Unlike computer mice, touchpads stay in one place when they are being used. This makes it easy to build them into hardware. They are mostly found on laptop computers because, when the user is travelling, sometimes he or she cannot use a mouse. But most laptops do allow the user is able to attach (connect) a separate mouse. Besides laptops, touchpads are also more and more used on mobile devices with a GUI, including MP3 players (a well-known one being the iPod) and mobile phones (such as the BlackBerry). However, touchpads on today's mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers have been replaced with the touchscreen, which is used much like a touchpad except the screen is built into the touch-sensitive surface itself so that no mouse cursor is needed. One can just touch anywhere on the surface to choose what is on the screen at that part.
Most touchpads have the function of tapping, which imitates the left-click button on a mouse. New models of touchpads often do more things because they can respond to the pressure of more than one finger. This is called multi-touch and makes it possible to do things like scroll though, zoom in and out, and rotate a page or part of the screen. The user can choose and change which functions happen if the user does certain moves. For example, the normal function for tapping on the pad is the left-click on the mouse. The user can change it in the settings section to the right-click of the mouse, if the user likes it better.
American Hi-Fi
American Hi-Fi is an American rock band formed in Boston in 1998.
Influences
American Hi-Fi stated bands like Everclear, Foo Fighters, Green Day, The Clash, The Offspring, 3 Doors Down, Nickelback, Godsmack, Hoobastank, Puddle of Mudd, Tonic, Staind, Bowling for Soup, Live and U2 as influences.
Bakersfield, Vermont
Bakersfield is a town in Franklin County, Vermont, United States.
Marshall Islands at the Olympics
The Marshall Islands have competed in two Olympic Games. They first competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics. They also competed in the 2010 Winter Olympics. They have not won any Olympic medals. In their first Olympics, they had 5 athletes compete in 3 different sports.
Paris Dauphine University
The Université Paris-Dauphine (Dauphine) is one of the seven universities in Paris.
Created in 1971 after the division of the University of Paris with the name "Université Paris-IX", in 2004 it took the current name of "Université Paris-Dauphine", as well as the status of a large institution, but not a university.
Baives
Baives is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 168 people lived there.
576i
576i is a standard-definition digital video mode, originally used to make analog television digital in most countries where the utility frequency for power distribution is 50 Hz. Because of its association with older colour encoding systems, it is often referred to as PAL, PAL/SECAM or SECAM when compared to its 60 Hz NTSC colour-encoded counterpart, 480i.
Eugene Airport
Eugene Airport, also known as Mahlon Sweet Field, is a medium-sized airport in Eugene, Oregon in the United States. It has ten connections to larger airports in the forty-eight states via four airlines.
576i
576 identifies a vertical line count of 576 and the i identifies it as an interlaced resolution. The refresh rate, 50 Hz, is sometimes including when finding out the video mode, i.e. 576i50; another notation is the frame rate, endorsed by both the International telecommunications Union in BT.601 and SMPTE in SMPTE 259M to make it 576i/25.
Eugene Airport
Allegiant flies to Las Vegas, Oakland, Phoenix, and Los Angeles. Delta Connection flies to Salt Lake City. Horizon Airlines flies to Portland and Seattle, and United Express flies to Portland, Denver and San Francisco.
Magnieu
Magnieu is a commune. It is found in the region Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in the Ain department in the east of France. On 1 January 2019, the former commune of Saint-Champ merged into Magnieu.
Berkshire, Vermont
Berkshire is a town in Franklin County, Vermont, United States.
Chromatography
Chromatography is a method for separating the parts of a mixture for chemical analysis and identification. It works by using differences in the speed at which the mixed substances move through special media, or chemical substances. It uses a stationary phase (a solid) and a mobile phase (a liquid or a gas). The fluid mobile phase flows through the stationary phase. Chromatography is much used in biochemistry and analytical chemistry.
Flat-plane chromatography
The stationary phase is a flat plane, such as paper, or a substance on glass.
Paper chromatography
Paper chromatography is an old technique for separating and identifying mixtures that are (or can be) coloured. It has been largely replaced by thin layer chromatography, but is still a powerful teaching tool. Double-way paper chromatography, also called 'two-dimensional chromatography', uses two solvents and rotates the paper 90° in between. It is useful for separating complex mixtures of compounds having similar polarity, for example, amino acids. The compounds used initially ensures you to know whether the colour is pure, (one substance only) or mixtures (multiple substances.)
Thin layer chromatography
Thin layer chromatography (TLCC) is a common laboratory technique similar to paper chromatography. Instead of a stationary phase of paper, it uses a thin layer of adsorbent like silica gel, alumina, or cellulose on a flat substrate. Compared to paper, it has the advantage of faster runs, better separations, and the choice between different adsorbents. For even better resolution and to allow for quantification, high-performance TLC can be used.
Column chromatography
Column chromatography separates compounds using many chemical actions between the chemical being tested and the chromatography column (a rod with a blending of special chemicals). The column is run using either gravity or a pump.
The mixed substance to be tested is added in a small amount and is slowed by certain chemical or physical activity with the chemicals in the chromatography column. The amount of slowing depends on the type of chemicals in the substance being tested and the different phases. The time at which a certain chemical elutes (comes out of the end of the column) is called the "retention time" and there is thought to be only one for one chemical.
The most common stationary phase for column chromatography is silica gel, followed by alumina. Cellulose powder has been used in the past. The mobile phase is either a pure solvent or a mixture of solvents. It is chosen to make the time and amount of solvent used as little as possible, while still clearly separating the chemicals being tested.
Sharon Stone
Sharon Vonne Stone (born March 10, 1958) is an American actress and movie producer. She received a Golden Globe Award for her part in the 1995 movie Casino. Her role in the movie Basic Instinct was also notable.
Chromatography
HPLC
High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is also sometimes referred to as high-pressure liquid chromatography. It is column chromatography run under pressure to raise the speed of the process.
Sharon Stone
Stone won the title of Miss Crawford County in Meadville. She was a candidate for Miss Pennsylvania. One of the pageant judges said she should quit school and move to New York City to become a fashion model. In 1977, Stone left Meadville, moving in with an aunt in New Jersey. Within four days of her arrival in New Jersey, she was signed by Ford Modeling Agency in New York.
While living in Europe, she decided to quit modeling and become an actress. Stone was cast for a brief role in Allen's Stardust Memories (1980). She had many roles in movies in the 1980's. Being in Total Recall (1990) with Arnold Schwarzenegger helped her career. To promote the movie, she posed nude for Playboy.
Chromatography
HPLC
Common solvents used in HPLC are mixes of water or various organic liquids (the most common are methanol, ethanol or acetonitrile).
Sharon Stone
The movie that made her a star Basic Instinct (1992). She played a person thought to be a serial killer. In the movie's most notorious scene, her character is being questioned by the police. She crosses and uncrosses her legs, exposing her genitalia, which are not covered by underwear. After Basic Instinct, she was listed by People magazine as one of the 50 most beautiful people in the world.
In November 1995, Stone received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, located at 6925 Hollywood Blvd.
In 2003, she appeared in three episodes from the eighth season of The Practice. For her performances, she received an Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series.
Stone tried a return to the mainstream with roles in the movies Cold Creek Manor (2003) with Dennis Quaid and Catwoman (2004) with Halle Berry. Both movies were not well liked by either the public or critics.
Personal life
Stone married Michael Greenburg in 1984. They separated in 1987 and the divorce was finalized in 1990.
In 1993, Stone met William J. MacDonald (aka Bill MacDonald) on the set of the movie Sliver. MacDonald left his wife Naomi Baca for Stone and became engaged to her. They separated one year later in 1994.
While working on the movie The Quick and the Dead in 1995, Stone met Bob Wagner and they became engaged.
On February 14, 1998, Stone married Phil Bronstein, executive editor of the San Francisco Examiner. They adopted a son, Roan Joseph Bronstein (born on May 22, 2000) in late May or early June of 2000. They divorced in 2004. After her divorce she adopted another two boys, Laird Vonne Stone (born on May 7, 2005) and Quinn Kelly Stone (born in June 2006).
Stone is a convert to Tibetan Buddhism. She is an ordained minister with the Universal Life Church.
Lurcy
Lurcy is a commune. It is found in the region Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in the Ain department in the east of France.
Maillat
Maillat is a commune that is found in the region Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in the Ain department in the east of France.
Sysmä
Sysmä is a municipality in Päijänne Tavastia, Finland. It covers about 936.18 km2. As of 31 August 2012, 4,232 people lived there. Its population triples during summer. This has made lot of summer happenings.
Neighbouring municipalities are Asikkala, Hartola, Heinola, Kuhmoinen, Luhanka and Padasjoki.
Villages
Joutsjärvi, Karilanmaa, Kinnarila (Skinnarila), Koivisto, Käenmäki (Tikkala), Liikola, Nikkaroinen, Nuoramoinen, Onkiniemi, Otamo, Palvala, Rapala, Ravioskorpi, Saarenkylä, Soiniemi, Suurkylä, Särkilahti, Taipale, Toivola, Valittula, Vintturi, Virtaa, Voipala (Suopelto).
List of heads of state of Romania
This is the list of heads of state of Romania.
Fairfax, Vermont
Fairfax is a town in Franklin County, Vermont, United States.
Muhammad Asad Malik
Muhammad Asad Malik (October 30, 1941 – July 27, 2020) was a Pakistani field hockey player. He won a silver medal at the 1964 Summer Olympics, a gold medal at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City, and a silver medal at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich.
Malik was killed in a car crash on July 27, 2020, at the age of 78.
Malafretaz
Malafretaz is a commune. It is found in the region Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in the Ain department in the east of France.
San Francisco 49ers
The San Francisco 49ers are a professional American football team. The team plays its home games in Santa Clara, California at Levi's Stadium, as the teams head office and practice areas are located there. The 49ers are a member of the NFC West of the National Football League (NFL). The team is called the 49ers because of San Francisco's history in the Gold Rush of 1849. The team colors are red, gold, and silver. The team has appeared in seven Super Bowls, winning five of them.
Guillaume Soro
Guillaume Kigbafori Soro (born 8 May 1972) is an Ivorian politician. He was the Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire from April 2007 to March 2012.
Biography
In July 2023, an investigating judge in Paris, France was appointed to investigate the April 2011 assassination of Ibrahima Coulibaly, a former Ivorian rebel leader, in which Guillaume Soro is believed to have been implicated in the assassination..
Ronald L. Schwary
Ronald Louis Schwary (May 23, 1944 – July 2, 2020) was an American producer and director. He was known for producing Ordinary People (for which he won an Academy Award for Best Picture ), Sabrina, Havana and Random Hearts. He was born in The Dalles, Oregon.
Schwary died July 2, 2020 in Hollywood, California from multiple system atrophy at the age of 76.
Mikito Nishihara
Mikito Nishihara (born 10 June 1980) is a former Japanese football player.
Club career statistics
49||5||0||0||49||5 49||5||0||0||49||5
Cryptosporidium
A number of species of Cryptosporidium can infect mammals. The most common species to infect man is Cryptosporidium parvum. The diarrhea can become severe in children, and in people whose immune system is weakened. It is often found in HIV patients who have diarrhea. In healthy adults, the infection is usually brief.
Philosophy of science
Philosophy of science is the part of philosophy that studies the sciences.
Cryptosporidium
It is difficult to identify in the laboratory. The oocytes can be seen under a microscope, but they may be confused. Most cryptosporidia are 3-6 μm in size, but some reports have described larger cells. New real-time monitoring can detect Cryptosporidium better than the older spot testing and batch testing methods.
Philosophy of science
Philosophers who are interested in science study how knowledge is built up by scientists, and what makes science different from other activities. No doubt, modern science has advanced knowledge in a wide range of fields. How has it done this? To tackle this issue, a number of other issues also have to be tackled.
What makes science distinct?
Some people think that in earlier times, science was nothing but organized common sense. Thomas Henry Huxley thought this. However, during the twentieth century, science produced many ideas which were nothing like common sense, like general relativity. Then it was clear that science really was something different from common sense. But what was it? This is called the demarcation problem.
Cryptosporidium
If Cryptosporidium is suspected in the water, the safest option is to boil water used for drinking.
Philosophy of science
What makes science distinct?
The demarcation problem refers to the distinction between science and non-science (like pseudoscience). Karl Popper called this the central question in the philosophy of science. No solution to the problem has had full agreement among philosophers; some of them think the problem is insoluble or uninteresting.
The logical positivists tried to base science on observation. In their view, truth was achieved by logic and observation. Non-science was non-observational and meaningless.
Against that, Popper argued that the central property of science is falsifiability. All scientific claims can be proved false, at least in principle. If no such proof can be found despite sufficient effort, then the claim is likely true. Popper's ideas were applauded by many scientists (like Peter Medawar). However, skeptics noticed that ideas were often not discarded when a prediction was refuted. The ideas were simply adjusted to take into account the new findings. It was clear from this that, although falsifiability was important, it could not be a simple way to distinguish science from non-science.
Other approaches were tried. One idea that science was a problem-solving process aimed at finding answers to questions. Of course, many other fields try to answer questions and solve problems. Another approach was to define science as the search for objective truth. But objectivity is very hard to define, and whether science really is objective is open to question.
With biology, the situation wasn't the same as other parts of science. There were thousands of published observations, and Darwin showed that sense could be made of the observations. He used those ideas to prove evolution had taken place. In a natural history science (such as biology, geology or astronomy), one of the main jobs of science is to explain what has happened and what is seen. Obviously, explanations as well as observations and theories are part of the philosophy of science.
Theories and observations
Both theory and observations are part of science, and they are tied together in a kind of cycle. A clear example was the prediction of Einstein that a source of gravity (such as a star) would bend light passing nearby. An expedition was organised in 1919 to record the positions of stars around the Sun during a solar eclipse. It showed that the positions of the stars close to the Sun were changed slightly from their normal expected positions. The light passing close to the Sun was pulled towards the sun by gravitation. This seemed to prove Einstein's general theory of relativity, published in 1915. Many years later, the proof was shown to be wrong. But by then other observations (of time dilation) showed that Einstein actually was right. Gravitational lensing proved that light was pulled towards the Sun.
The point here is that the observation and the theory were connected. The observation would not have been made but for the theory, and then the observation was convincing evidence in favour of the theory. The theory had passed a critical test. Since then, many more tests have been made of Einstein's ideas, and all have been consistent with his theory.
A “naive” conception of science
According to common sense, science begins with observations: all scientific knowledge come from the facts of experience. Theories are produced by observation of these facts and are then tested by prediction.
Here is a schema of this idea of science that some philosophers call a naive conception of science:
---> INDUCTION  --->  LAWS AND THEORIES  --->  DEDUCTION  ---> |                                                            |       |                                                             |       |                                                             | FACTS OF EXPERIENCE                             PREDICTIONS AND EXPLANATIONSFACTS OF EXPERIENCE
This naive conception is not held by many philosophers today. For one thing, it sees science as a one-way engine from 'facts' (what are they?) to theories and predictions. As shown by the Einstein example, where a theory led the other way round, the model does not fit much of science. In fact the relationship between the parts of a scientific philosophy are extremely complex.
Testing a prediction
According to Pierre Duhem and W.V. Quine, it is impossible to test a theory in isolation. For example, to test Newton's Law of Gravitation in our solar system, one needs information about the masses and positions of the Sun and all the planets. Famously, the failure to predict the orbit of Uranus in the 19th century did not lead to the rejection of Newton's Law. Instead, it lead to the rejection of the hypothesis that there are only seven planets in our solar system. The investigations that followed led to the discovery of an eighth planet, Neptune. If a test fails, something is wrong. But there is a problem in figuring out what that something is: a missing planet, badly calibrated test equipment, an unsuspected curvature of space, etc.
One consequence of the Duhem-Quine thesis is that any theory can be made compatible with any empirical observation by the addition of extra (ad hoc) hypotheses. This is why science uses Occam's Razor; hypotheses without justification are eliminated. This led Karl Popper, to reject naïve falsification in favor of 'survival of the fittest', or most falsifiable, of scientific theories. In Popper's view, any hypothesis that does not make testable predictions is simply not science. Such a hypothesis may be useful or valuable, but it cannot be said to be science. W.V. Quine thought that empirical data are not enough to make a judgment between theories. In this view, a theory can always be made to fit with the available empirical data. However, this does not necessarily imply that all theories are of equal value, because scientists often use guiding principles such as Occam's Razor.
One result of this view is that specialists in the philosophy of science stress the requirement that observations made for the purposes of science be restricted to intersubjective objects. That is, science is restricted to those areas where there is general agreement on the nature of the observations involved. It is comparatively easy to agree on observations of physical phenomena, harder to agree on observations of social or mental phenomena, and difficult in the extreme to reach agreement on matters of theology or ethics (and thus the latter remain outside the normal purview of science).
Critiques of scientific method
Is there any scientific method at all? Paul Feyerabend argued that no description of scientific method could possibly encompass all the approaches and methods used by scientists. Feyerabend objected to prescriptive scientific method on the grounds that any such method would stifle and cramp scientific progress. Feyerabend claimed, "the only principle that does not inhibit progress is: anything goes".
Scientific revolutions
Thomas Kuhn denied that it is ever possible to isolate the hypothesis being tested from the influence of the theory in which the observations are grounded. He argued that observations always rely on a specific paradigm, and that it is not possible to evaluate competing paradigms independently. By "paradigm" he meant a consistent "portrait" of the world, one that involves no logical contradictions and that is consistent with observations made from the point of view of the paradigm. More than one such logically consistent construct can paint a usable likeness of the world, but there is no common ground from which to pit two against each other, theory against theory. Neither is a standard by which the other can be judged. Instead, the question is which "portrait" is judged by some set of people to promise the most useful in terms of scientific "puzzle solving".
For Kuhn, the choice of paradigm was sustained by, but not ultimately determined by, logical processes. The individual's choice between paradigms involves setting two or more "portraits" against the world and deciding which likeness is most promising. In the case of a general acceptance of one paradigm or another, Kuhn believed that it represented the consensus of the community of scientists. Acceptance or rejection of some paradigm is, he argued, a social process as much as a logical process. Kuhn's position, however, is not one of relativism. According to Kuhn, a paradigm shift occurs when a number of observational anomalies (problems) in the old paradigm have made the new paradigm more useful. That is, the choice of a new paradigm is based on observations, even though those observations are made against the background of the old paradigm. A new paradigm is chosen because it does a better job of solving scientific problems than the old one.
The fact that observation is embedded in theory does not mean observations are irrelevant to science. Scientific understanding derives from observation, but the acceptance of scientific statements is dependent on the related theoretical paradigm as well as on observation. Of course, further testing may resolve differences of opinion.
La Roche-Guyon
La Roche-Guyon is a commune. It is in Île-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north France.
Dayton S. Mak
Dayton S. Mak (10 July 1917 - 16 March 2018) was a U.S. diplomat. He served posts in England, Libya, Lebanon, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Germany. He was the first U.S. ambassador of Kuwait. Mak was also former Director of the Bureau of Intelligence and Research, for Near East South Asia Affairs.
Dendropsophus haddadi
Dendropsophus haddadi is a frog that lives in Brazil.
Mantenay-Montlin
Mantenay-Montlin is a commune. It is in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in the Ain department in east France. In 2014, 306 people lived in the commune.
Phosphorus
Phosphorus has the chemical symbol P, and its atomic number is 15. Its mass number is 30.97. It is not found in nature as an element, but as compounds, such as phosphates. There are many different forms. The most common form is a red or white waxy solid.
Chemical properties
White phosphorus is more reactive than red phosphorus. White phosphorus catches fire spontaneously in air, burning to make smoke of phosphorus(V) oxide. If it burns in a little air, it produces poisonous phosphorus(III) oxide. When white phosphorus is heated in an alkali, it disproportionates to produce hypophosphites and phosphine. Red phosphorus can burn but needs to be ignited. Phosphorus reacts with the halogens to make phosphorus halides. It reacts with some metals to make phosphides.
Chemical compounds
Phosphorus compounds are chemical compounds containing phosphorus. They are listed below with some of their properties. Phosphorus comes in several oxidation states, the number of electrons moved during a redox reaction. -3 is flammable, powerful reducing agent, and toxic; +1 is a strong reducing agent and is rare; +3 is a weaker reducing agent that is poisonous; +5 is not a reducing agent and is very common.
Occurrence
It is an essential component of living systems and is found as phosphate in nervous tissue, bones and cell protoplasm. It is also found in the earth as phosphate rock. Phosphate rock is the main source of phosphorus and phosphorus compounds. Many body tissues have calcium phosphates in them.
Preparation
Phosphorus was first made by heating a mixture of phosphates and carbon in an iron pot. The phosphates were made by dissolving bones in strong acids and evaporating the solution.
Phosphorus is made now by heating calcium phosphate, carbon, and silicon dioxide in an electric arc furnace. The heat of the electric arc melts the mixture of materials, and phosphorus gas is given off. It is absorbed under water. This makes white phosphorus.
As an element
White phosphorus is used in incendiary weapons and smoke grenades. It is also used to make organic compounds that have phosphorus in them. Phosphorus is used to dope semiconductors. Phosphorus is used to remove oxygen from copper. It is also used in making alloys. Red phosphorus is used in matches and flares.
As chemical compounds
Phosphorus compounds are used for fertilizers, soft drinks, toothpaste, and detergents. Most of these are phosphates. Phosphides can be used to kill rodents.
IPhone
The iPhone is a series of smartphones made by Apple Inc since 2007. It is a mobile phone, meaning that it makes calls and sends text messages without wires. There are many types of iPhones, such as the main models and others, such as the mini or pro editions.
The iPhone doesn't have as many buttons as other phones, such as those made by companies like Motorola and Nokia. Instead, it had a touch screen that covers much of the front of the phone. People control the phone by touching the screen.
All iPhones run on a mobile operating system which Apple calls "iOS". A new version of iOS comes out every year, each having more features than the one before. Each new iPhone comes with the latest version of iOS, and older iPhones usually also get a software update to the latest version.
Models
There have been ten types of iPhone models.
The first iPhone, iPhone 2G was released on June 29, 2007. In the first month on sale (Jul 2007), it sold 2.315 million units. On July 11, 2008, the iPhone 3G was released which, hence the name, got upgraded with 3G wireless internet. On June 17, 2009, Apple released the iPhone 3GS which featured a compass and a 3.2-megapixel video camera.
On June 24, 2010, a new version of the iPhone, the iPhone 4, was released. It has the forward camera included, which is placed on the screen and allows taking self-portraits. This camera is less advanced than the back camera, but can be used for video-telephone, where the members of the talking can see each other on the screen. Additionally, it has an updated operating system that allows quicker navigation of all the features. This operating system is called IOS. The iPhone 4 also has more pixels (326 ppi; 960×640) on the screen than previous version of the iPhone.
The Last Judgment (Toma din Suceava)
The Last Judgment is a fresco by Toma din Suceava at the Moldovita Monastery in Romania. The name of the work in Romanian is "Judecata de Apoi".
IPhone
Models
A minor upgrade to the iPhone 4 was the iPhone 4S. It came on October 14, 2011, and had a new feature called Siri, which is a voice activation system. Additionally, it is able to record videos in 1080p resolution, which is 2.25× times higher than 720p, so that each still frame from the video contains more details. This makes it possible to see smaller items on the footage in a sharper, clearer way. Additionally, it allows zooming into the video to see more details.
The Last Judgment (Toma din Suceava)
The Last Judgment covers the west wall of the monastery. It shows the day of judgment with a river of fire and the dead coming out of the sea. Prince Mohammed is one of the heretics. There are 105 paintings of angels near the roof.
IPhone
Models
The iPhone 5 was released on September 21, 2012. On September 10, 2013, two new iPhones called the 5C and 5S were announced. They were released on September 20, 2013. The iPhone 5S has a new unlocking system called Touch ID which reads your fingerprint. The iPhone 5C is a cheaper model of the iPhone 5S which is also the first iPhone available in different colors that aren't black and white.
The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus were released on September 19, 2014. They both have bigger screens than the iPhone 5, measuring at 4.7 inches and 5.5 inches, respectively.
Lee Archer
Lee Archer may refer to:
IPhone
Models
A new iPhone has come out each year since 2016.
Jailbreaking
Some people "jailbreak" their iPhones to allow them to do more things. Apple does not allow many of these changes. In hopes of discouraging this, Apple voids the warranty when an iPhone is "unlocked" or "jailbroken." Though in August 2011 jailbreaking was declared legal.
Apps
Apple made a Software Development Kit for the iPhone, which lets people make their own software for it. However, the software cannot be sold without Apple's permission. The software that is made is sold at the App Store. More than a million apps are available to buy.
Emergency alerts
Another feature that is being added to almost every iPhone in the world is an Emergency Alert notification system. For most countries, the standard Emergency warning signal will sound in an event of a worldwide disaster. It consists of of 853hz and 960hz sine waves which will signal in a pattern.
Dodecahedron
A dodecahedron is a polyhedron (a three-dimensional shape) that has 12 faces. Each face is a pentagon (a polygon with five edges). It has 20 corners (also called vertices) and 30 edges altogether.
A regular dodecahedron, which looks exactly the same from all faces, is a Platonic solid. The dual of a dodecahedron is an icosahedron.
Surface area and volume
If a is the length of one of its edges, the surface area and volume of a regular dodecahedron are:
The Last Judgment (Toma din Suceava)
The Moldovita Monastery also has famous frescos of the Siege of Constantinople and the Tree of Jesse, showing Christ's genealogy.
Prince Rares and the artists
The Moldovita Monastery is a UNESCO site. It was started in 1532 by Prince Petru Rares, the illegitimate son of Stephen the Great. It was built on the location of an old stone church built by Alexandru cel Bun (1400-1432). The old church fell in the early 16th century because of rain and landslides.
Petru Rares ruled Moldavia between 1527-1538 and 1541-1546. He had new ideas for the churches in Bukovina. Rares hired artists to cover the walls of the churches with complicated designs of saints, prophets, and scenes from the life of Jesus.
The best preserved monasteries are in Sucevita, Moldovita, Voronet, Humor, Suceava, Pătrăuţi, and Probota. Seven monasteries were put on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1993. The Moldovita Monastery was consecrated to the Annunciation (Romanian: "Bunei Vestiri") on March 25. It is one of five monasteries in northern Moldavia with frescoes painted on the outside walls.
The monastery is in the style of Moldavian Gothic architecture. It combines Gothic and Byzantine elements. It is a Romanian Orthodox monastery.
The Last Judgment in art
The theme of death is a common subject for religious art, but the frescos in the monasteries in northern Moldavia are special. These frescos are more complex than art in other areas of the former Byzantine Empire. The Moldovan work was a model for Mount Athos.
The oldest image of the Last Judgment is from the seventh century CE. It is in the Christian Topography of Cosmas Indicopleustes. The manuscript is in the Vatican library. The first known frightening picture of the Judgment in fresco are from 1075. They are in the church "San Angelo in Formis" near Naples. The oldest mosaic with this theme is in Venice, in the church of Torcello. It is probably from the twelfth century.
Mubeen Saudagar
Mubeen Saudagar is an Indian stand-up comedian, actor and mimicry artist
Early life and career
Mubeen Saudagar started his career on performing at various social and cultural events. and the sets of ae'', he meet comedian and actor Johnny Lever. jhony Lever asked him to go for an audition. he then got selected and after performed in the shows Johnny Aala Re. Saudagar's comedy shows include Laughter Ke Phatke, Comedy Champions, Pehchan Kaun, Yeh Chanda Kanoon Hai, Comedy Circus, Comedy Classes and Comedy Nights Bachao. In 2017 he was dubbed for Sony Yay's series Sab jholmal hai, he was dubbed for Honey,Bunny,Zordaar,Popat and all male charecters in this Series ''
Personal life
Mubeen Saudagar married Alsaba Saudagar at 2017.
Manziat
Manziat is a commune. It is found in the region Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in the Ain department in the east of France.
Bell X-1
The Bell X-1 is a famous US jet aircraft. It was the first aircraft in the world that reach a speed of Mach 1 in level flight. It was the October 14th 1947. Its pilot was Chuck Yeager.
Frank A. Howard
Frank "Frankie" A. Howard (December 1, 1938 – July 27, 2020) was an American law enforcement officer and politician. He was a member of the Louisiana House of Representatives from 2008 to 2020. Howard was born in Hornbeck, Louisiana. He was a member of the Republican Party. From 1976 to 2000, he was the sheriff of Vernon Parish, Louisiana.
Hayato Mizuki
Hayato Mizuki (born 1 November 1984) is a former Japanese football player.
Club career statistics
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Jeannot Ahoussou-Kouadio
Jeannot Ahoussou-Kouadio (born 6 March 1951 ) is an Ivorian politician. He was Prime Minister of Ivory Coast from March 2012 to November 2012.
Concert hall
A concert hall is a place where concerts of classical music take place. “Concert hall” can either mean the actual room where the concerts takes place, or the whole building. The hall where the concerts are held may have a “stage” (where the performers are) and there will be an “auditorium” where the audience sits.
Some concert halls are purpose-built. That means they were built to be concert halls. Other concert halls may have been something else many years ago, e.g. a Corn Exchange (a place where farmers used to sell their corn) and the building has later been changed into a concert hall. Purpose-built concert halls started about the beginning of the 20th century. At that time scientists began to understand the importance of good acoustics (somewhere where the sound was good).
Concert halls that are purpose-built usually have fixed seating (seats that cannot be moved). Some halls may have seats that can be moved, either by stacking them in small piles, or tiered seating that can fold up. This allows the hall to be used for other things, e.g. dancing.
A concert hall is usually a big hall: big enough for an orchestra to be on the stage. A small concert hall, designed for just a few performers (as in chamber music) may be called a “recital hall”.
Some concert halls are especially famous. In London there is the Royal Festival Hall on the banks of the river Thames, the Barbican Centre in the City (near St Paul’s Cathedral) and the Royal Albert Hall in Kensington which is used for other events as well. There is also a famous recital hall called the Wigmore Hall. New York has the Carnegie Hall, Vienna has the Vienna Musikverein with a beautiful hall called the Golden Hall where the famous New Year’s Day concerts are given. In Germany there is the Berliner Philharmonie in Berlin and the Gewandhaus in Leipzig. In Amsterdam there is the Concertgebouw (which means: "concert hall").
Unit
Unit means part of something. It could mean a unit of measurement, or a unit in an army.
Units sometimes means the digit in a number on the right, which is also called the "ones".
Some other ideas come from this word:
For example, a football team may be called "X United". This means that the town of X has come together to support the group.
In the BBC TV series Doctor Who, UNIT (UNified Intelligence Taskforce) is a military group on earth who battle invading aliens.
Papanasam taluk
Papanasam taluk is a taluk of Thanjavur district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The headquarters of the taluk is Papanasam.
Demographics
According to the 2011 census, Papanasam taluk has a population of 272,871. It has 133,814 males and 139,057 females in this population.
Towns and villages
There are two panchayat towns in the taluk, Ayyampettai and the administrative headquarters, Papanasam. In 2011, there were thirty-four panchayat villages in Papanasam taluk. • Adhanur
• Agaramangudi
• Alavandipuram
• Arulmolipet
• Arumanallur
• Eachangudi
• Ganapathiagraharam
• Gopurajapuram
• Govindanattucheri
• Iluppaikorai
• Kabistalam
• Kondhagai
• Koonancheri
• Manalur
• Melakabisthalam
• Olaipadi
• Pandaravadai
• Rajagiri
Caviar
Caviar is a luxury food. Caviar is salted and un-fertilized sturgeon roe eggs. The world's largest producer and exporter of caviar is Iran. The producer of 90 percent of the world's caviar is the Caspian Sea.
Feral
A feral organism is a plant or animal which has changed from being tame or cultivated to being wild.
Papanasam taluk
Towns and villages
• Ramanujapuram
• Regunathapuram
• Sarabojirajapuram
Caviar
Caviar is usually put in gold, plastic, wood, ivory containers. It is rarely in silverware or steel because this may interfere with the flavor and color.
Feral
A feral animal is one which has escaped from a domestic or captive status and is living more or less as a wild animal. Animals which were wild before they escaped from captivity are not regarded as feral. For example, a lion which has escaped from a zoo is not a feral animal. Some common examples of animals with feral populations are goats, cats, and pigs.
Papanasam taluk
Towns and villages
• Sathiyamangalam
Feral
Domesticated plants that revert to wild are usually known as escaped, introduced or naturalized rather than feral. However, the changes seen in plants that go wild is similar to those of animals.
Papanasam taluk
Towns and villages
• Someswarapuram
• Soolamangalam
Feral
Some species go feral easily and successfully. Other species usually do not usually survive in the wild.
Papanasam taluk
Towns and villages
• Thiruvaigavur
• Thiyagasamudram
Feral
The introduction of animals or plants to new areas may break down ecosystems. In some cases it has caused the extinction native species. However, returning lost species to their environment can have the opposite effect, bringing damaged ecosystems back into balance. However, sometimes feral species may control other problem species such as rodents, harmful insects, or aggressive plants.
Paul Rand
Paul Rand (born Peretz Rosenbaum; August 15, 1914 – November 26, 1996) was an influential American graphic designer, best known for his corporate logo designs, including the iconic logos for IBM, ABC, and UPS. Rand was a pioneer of the modernist movement in graphic design and is widely regarded as one of the most important and influential designers of the 20th century. His work was characterized by simplicity, wit, and elegance, and he was known for his ability to distill complex ideas into memorable and timeless designs. Rand was also a prolific writer and educator, and his books, including "Thoughts on Design" and "Design, Form, and Chaos," are still widely read and studied today. Throughout his career, Rand was honored with numerous awards and accolades, including induction into the Art Directors Club Hall of Fame and the New York City Art Directors Club Hall of Fame.
Papanasam taluk
Towns and villages
• Ullikadai
Feral
Examples of feral animals
Dogs can change to feral animals easily, becoming successful hunters.