cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Soil
Soil structure (clumps)
The smallest parts of soil are sand and silt and clay. Those small parts join to make larger parts we call "clumps" or "aggregates". The clumps are made when sand and silt and clay stick together. The humus and clay and minerals in the soil are like glue. The glue sticks the sand and silt and clay together and makes clumps. The clumps make shapes by themselves. Some soils have small round clumps. Other soils have large, hard and flat clumps. The soil with small round clumps is best because it lets in air and water. A little glue is best. If the soil has only a little glue there will be space for water and air and the soil will be soft. If the soil has too much glue the soil will be hard. If the soil has no glue, there will be no space in the soil for air and water. A soil with no spaces is not healthy. Worms in the soil make a slippery glue. When worms make holes in the soil they leave some glue in the soil. Plant roots also make spaces in the soil. When the roots die they leave holes in the soil.
Soil horizons (layers)
A soil has a "soil texture" (sand and silt and clay) and it has organic matter mixed in it. But weather changes the soil. It is cold on the Earth near the north and south poles. It is hot near the equator of the Earth. Some places on Earth get a lot of rain and some places get no rain. Hot and wet weather make one kind of soil. Cold and dry weather make another kind of soil. Rain water makes small things in the soil move down with the water. When the things in the water get stuck in the soil those things make a layer in the soil. If you dig down into the soil you may find many layers in the soil. The layers may have different colors. The layers may have different "soil textures". The top part of the soil may have a lot of humus and sand. Below that layer there may be a layer of silt. Below that layer there may be a layer of clay.
The sand stays on the top because it is large. The silt goes down a little with the water and makes a layer because it is small. The silt is smaller than some of the spaces in the soil. The clay can go down even lower with the water because it is the smallest. The sand will make one layer, the silt will make another layer and the clay will make another layer. The humus can move down with the water and make a layer too. The silt and clay and humus can move down because of the spaces in the soil. But, the silt, clay, and humus will fill the spaces in the soil. When the spaces in the soil are closed, it makes it hard for air to go into the soil. Plant roots do not go where there is no air. When we dig down we find layers in the soil.
We call those layers "soil horizons". The top horizon may be an inch (25mm) thick. We call that layer the "O" horizon or sometimes "topsoil". The next layer (horizon) is the "B" horizon. The next lower layer of soil is the "C" horizon. The bottom layer has many rocks and may be called the bedrock or "R" horizon for "rock". Deep down, there is always bedrock. But you may have to dig down a mile (a km) or more. When the soil dries, the soil may shrink and cracks will form in the soil. The soil in the top layer may fall down into the cracks. This causes the layers of soil to be changed because they are mixed. There may be many types soil where you live or only one type of soil. Different rocks make different soil textures. Different weather makes the different soil textures different. And so, there are different soils all over the world.
Soil carbon
People want to keep carbon in the soil, because when it is in the air (in carbon dioxide or methane) it makes the world hotter. If people dig or plow too much then carbon can escape from the soil into the air.
Lion (color)
Lion, also called khaki or lion brown, is a color that looks like the fur of a lion. The lion is a species of felid that is found in Africa and India.
Lion brown
The phrase lion brown was first used as the name of a color in English in 2021.
Sadullah Khan Umarzai
Saadullah Khan Umarzai (1880-1948) was a Pashtun political figure from the NWFP region of British India and active in the Muslim demand for a separate state of Pakistan.
After his graduation from government college Lahore he appeared for ICS and was later appointed as the City magistrate Peshawar. He was later promoted to the post of District Judge. Being a close associate of Sir Sahibzada Abdul Qayyum Khan Saadullah Khan was entrusted the Task of gathering donations from the Muslim Rajas and Maharajas of India for the acquisition of land for the Islamia College Peshawar.
Büchner funnel
A büchner funnel is a piece of laboratory equipment which is used to filter or separate a liquid from a solid. It is named after an industrial chemist called Ernst Büchner.
Jay Benedict
Jay Benedict (April 11, 1951 – April 4, 2020) was an American actor. He was born in Burbank, California. He started living in Europe during the 1960s. His movie credits include Star Wars (1977), Aliens (1986), Diamond Skulls (1989), Tirant lo Blanc (2006) and The Dark Knight Rises (2012). He is also known for appearing in TV series such as Foyle's War and Emmerdale.
Büchner funnel
Structure
A Büchner funnel can be made out of porcelain, glass or plastic. On the top there is a container with a hole in the bottom. This container is put on top of a Büchner flask with a hole in the top and a hole in the side. In between the container and the Büchner flask there is a piece of filter paper which lets through liquids but not any solids. Attached to the hole in the side there is a vacuum which sucks the air out of the Büchner flask. This means that when any mixture is poured into the top, the liquid is sucked through the filter paper and the solid is left stuck in the filter paper.
Sadullah Khan Umarzai
Sadullah Khan was later nominated as Honorary secretary of the College. A Hostel in the premises of the college has been named in his memory "Saadullah Khan Hostel". After his retirement as the Deputy Commissioner Peshawar he joined the Quaid and the Muslim league for the creation of Pakistan. He was a prominent activist subletting his title of "Khan Bahadur" to the British. As a friend of Maulana Fazal e Wahid of Turangzai he gave financial and moral help when Maulana Sahib fled the British to take refuge in the former Tribal Area of Mommand agency.
Jay Benedict
On April 4, 2020, during the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic, Benedict died of COVID-19 in London. He was 68.
Büchner funnel
Uses
A Büchner flask is used in chemistry to take unwanted solids out of any liquids. The advantages of using a Büchner flask over just a piece of filter paper held over a beaker is that the solid is dried as more and more liquid is sucked off of it by the vacuum. Most of the time it needs to be dried again in an oven, but sometimes no further drying is needed.
Sadullah Khan Umarzai
When he was the District Judge for Peshawar his relations with the Governor NWFP Metcalf were very strained over the Chowk e Yadgar incident. He did not want the British Indian Army to handle the turbulent situation. He wanted the police force to handle the situation.
As a District Judge he would conclude the matter through arbitration. Apparently Metcalf had panicked.
Forrest Compton
Forrest Compton (September 15, 1925 – April 4, 2020) was an American actor. He is known for playing Mike Karr, the central character in the long-running soap opera The Edge of Night (1970–1984) and Lieutenant Colonel Edward Gray in the 1960s sitcom Gomer Pyle, U.S.M.C.. His other television credits include The Troubleshooters, The Twilight Zone, 77 Sunset Strip, My Three Sons, Mayberry R.F.D., Mannix, Hogan's Heroes, That Girl, Another World, Loving, One Life to Live, As the World Turns and Ed. His movie appearances include The Outsider (1961) and McBain (1991).
Gigasecond
A gigasecond (symbol: Gs) is one billion seconds. That is about 31.7 years. It can be written as 109 seconds.
Ali Akbar Velayati
Ali Akbar Velayati (born 24 June 1945) is an Iranian conservative politician and physician. Velayati is a professor at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences.
Forrest Compton
Compton was born in Reading, Pennsylvania. In 1975, he married Jeanne Sementini. On April 4, 2020, during the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic, Compton died of COVID-19 in Shelter Island, New York. He was 94.
Ali Akbar Velayati
He is a senior adviser to the Supreme Leader in international affairs and head of the board of founders and the board of trustees of the Islamic Azad University.
Riemann sphere
The Riemann sphere is a mathematical model of the extended complex plane. The model is named after Bernhard Riemann. The extended complex plane is the plane of the complex numbers, plus a point at infinity. With this model, this point at infinity is "close" to very large numbers in the same way zero is "close" to very small ones. The extended complex numbers are useful for Complex analysis: in certain cases, the division by zero is "well-behaved", in the sense that dividing by zero gives this point at infinity. With this model, it is possible to change certain functions, so that they become continuous, which simplifies calculation.
Ali Akbar Velayati
He is the first and only person to have held this position for more than ten years. He was a candidate in 2013 presidential election and lost, coming fifth out of the six candidates garnering 2,268,753 votes, which was 6.18% of the votes.
Riemann sphere
In geometry, the Riemann sphere is a simple example of a Riemann surface. It is also one of the simplest complex manifolds.
Lesbian bar
The lesbian bar (also called a dyke bar or women's bar) is a bar for lesbians. The lesbian bar has a history different from gay bars.
Lesbian bars existed before queer community centers, health care centers and coffee shops. For a long time, lesbian bars were places of community and validation.
Women were historically barred from public spaces having alcoholic drinks. The women's saloon presence rose in the 1920s. Mona's 440 Club was the first lesbian bar in the United States. In the 1950s, bars began opening for working class lesbians, Caucasian or African American. Because of not enough economic capital and segregation, house parties were popular with the black lesbians.
Lesbian and gay identification and bar culture increased with the migration and passing through of people in big cities during and after World War II. In the 1970s, lesbian feminism began. Bars became important community activist spaces.
Gigasecond
3.16 Gs is about 1 century (100 years). 31.6 Gs is about 1 millennium (1000 years).
This page lists times of between 1 and 1000 gigaseconds, or between 31.7 and 31,700 years.
Frugality
Examples
Some ways of attempting to be frugal could be to make less waste, stop doing things (such as travel or entertainment) with high costs and having control over spending desires. Also, being careful to get all the use out of an item before replacing it and not agreeing with customs that have high costs. More ways could be using zero cost choices, using barter (trading without money), and having a good knowledge of prices.
Some people will use a discount store to find low cost things. Some will buy things used by other people in thrift stores, garage sales, flea markets, or from classified advertising in a newspaper or on the internet from a site similar to Craigslist.
Philosophy
Frugality in some philosophies is when a person does not agree with experts who say they know what is good for everybody. This is a special use of the word for philosophers.
Many religions think frugality is important and good. The Quakers and Puritans are two examples of Christian religions that put high value on frugality. The base of this idea is that people should store money to use when any person (not only friends) needs help.
Environmentalists think that being frugal is good. They think because ancient humans did not need many things and were able to get happiness from nature it is more natural to be frugal than to agree with the customs of modern living.
Gorani people
The Gorani people live in different parts of the Balkan Mountains, especially in Kosovo. The language Gorani is a mix of Albanian language and Old Slavic languages. Their religion is Islam. In 1999, a mass circumcision was hold in Dragash for Gorani boys,. Dragash is one of the main settlements, the Gorani Men are wellknown for Oil wrestling.
Bawdsey
Alderton is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England. In 2001, there were 319 people living in Bawdsey. It has a church called St Andrew.
Natalia Murek
Natalia Murek (born 8 September 1999) is a Polish volleyball player.
Career
She played at the 2015 FIVB Volleyball Girls' U18 World Championship, 2017 FIVB Volleyball Women's U20 World Championship, 2017 Women's European Volleyball Championship, 2018 Montreux Volley Masters, 2018 FIVB Volleyball Women's Nations League, and 2019 FIVB Volleyball Women's Nations League. She played for Volley Wrocław.
Nail
A nail is a metal object with a flat head and a long, sharp tip. A hammer or nail gun is used to put it into another object. It is often used to join two objects together.
The history of the nail came in three periods:
Nails date back at least to Ancient Egypt – bronze nails found in Egypt have been dated 3400 BC. The Bible has references to nails. King David gave iron to make nails for what would become Solomon's Temple.
The Romans made extensive use of nails. The Roman army left behind seven tons of nails when it evacuated the fortress of Inchtuthil in Perthshire, Scotland, in 86 or 87 AD.
Love Games: Bad Girls Need Love Too
Love Games: Bad Girls Need Love Too is a reality television show. It first premiered on Oxygen on March 16, 2010. Its a spin-off show from the Bad Girls Club. American comedian Bret Ernst was the host of the first season. The show was renewed for its third season Second season of Bad Girls Club Tanisha Thomas began hosting the season starting with the second season. There has been three complete seasons of Love Games: Bad Girls Need Love Too'. The show is about past season "bad girls" looking for love.
YNW Melly
}} Jamell Maurice Demons (born May 1, 1999), better known as YNW Melly, is an American rapper, singer and songwriter. He was born in Gifford, Florida. He was best known for his songs "Murder on My Mind" and "Mixed Personalities" featuring Kanye West. He released his album, We All Shine, in January 2019.
In February 2019, Demons was charged with two counts of first-degree murder relating to a shooting that took place in October 2018. Jury selection for his trial took place on April 11, 2023. It will take place sometime in June 2023.
In April 2020, during the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic, Demons tested positive for Covid-19 but was denied.
Tineidae
Tineidae (or clothes moth) is a family of moths. They are known as fungus moths or tineid moths. There are more than 3,000 species in over 300 genera. Most of the tineid moths are small or medium-sized. They have wings over their bodies. They are common in the Palaearctic. Others found elsewhere were introduced
Tineids will eat living plants, fungi, lichens, and detritus. The most known members of the family are the clothes moths. They eat on stored fabrics. The most widespread species are the Common Clothes Moth (Tineola bisselliella), the Case-bearing Clothes Moth (Tinea pellionella) and the Carpet Moth (Trichophaga tapetzella). The Brown-dotted Clothes Moth (Niditinea fuscella) will feed on feathers in a bird's nest. The genus Ceratophaga, members will eat on dead animals such as mammals and the shells of dead tortoises.
Gainax
Gainax Co. is a Japanese anime studio, well known as creator of Neon Genesis Evangelion.
Julio Jiménez (cyclist)
Julio Jiménez Muñoz (28 October 1934 – 8 June 2022) was a Spanish professional cyclist. He was good at climbing. He won the polka dot jersey for being best climber at the Tour de France three times in a row in 1965, 1966 and 1967. He also won the mountains competition at the Vuelta a Espana three times. He is one of four riders to complete the Tour/Vuelta double by winning both mountains competitions in the same year.
Jiménez was killed in a car crash in Ávila, Spain on 8 June 2022, aged 87.
Hertfordshire
Hertfordshire is a county in England. It is one of the so-called Home Counties, those counties that border or surround Greater London. The county is also surrounded by Essex, Cambridgeshire, Buckinghamshire and Bedfordshire. The county town is Hertford; the oldest city is St Albans.
Education
Hertfordshire has 26 independent schools and 73 state secondary schools. The state secondary schools are entirely comprehensive, although seven schools in the south and southwest of the county are partially selective.
The University of Hertfordshire, formerly the Hatfield Polytechnic, is a modern university. It is mostly in Hatfield, and has more than 23,000 students.
Independent schools
Some of the most notable secondary schools are:
Fame & fortune
The richest person in Hertfordshire is Mike Ashley, a retailing tycoon. His fortune is estimated as £3,650 million. He owns Newcastle United F.C. and has an 8.9% share in owning Glasgow Rangers F.C.
Horror and terror
The difference between horror and terror is a standard and psychological concept common in Gothic and horror fiction.
Blaxhall
Blaxhall is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England. In 2001, there were 233 people living in Blaxhall. It has a church called St Peter.
Lure, Haute-Saône
Lure is a French city in the Haute-Saône department in eastern France. About 8,500 people live there.
Passion (emotion)
Passion is a feeling of intense desire for someone or something.
Eucalyptus regnans
Eucalyptus regnans, also called Mountain Ash, Victorian Ash, Swamp Gum, Tasmanian Oak or Stringy Gum, is a species of Eucalyptus from Victoria and Tasmania. It can grow to more than 100 m and is the tallest flowering plant in the world.
Description
It is an evergreen tree, the tallest eucalyptus tree, growing 70–120 m (230–400 feet) tall. It has a straight, grey trunk with smooth bark. The leaves are narrow, curved, and end in a point, like a sickle. They grow up to 14 cm long and 2.5 cm wide. They are green to grey-green with a red stalk. The flowers are in groups of 9-15 together, each flower about 1 cm (0.5 in) diameter with a ring of many white stamens. The fruit is a hard nut, up to 9 mm (0.5 in) long and 7 mm (0.4 in) wide.
Habitat
Mountain Ash are found in cool, deep soiled, mountain areas to 1000 m above sea level, with high rainfall of over 1200 mm each year. They grow very quickly, at more than a metre (3 feet) a year, and can reach 65 m in 50 years. They live for an average life-span of 400 years. The fallen logs continue supporting a rich variety of life for centuries more on the forest floor.
Unusually for a eucalypt, Mountain Ash does not regrow after fire. They grow only from seed which are released from their woody gumnuts by heat. The seedlings need a lot of light, much more than reaches the forest floor normally when there are mature trees blocking the sun. Severe fires can kill all the trees in a forest, which causes a massive release of seed to take advantage of the nutrients in the ash bed. Up to 2.5 million seedlings per 1 ha have been recorded after a major fire. Competition and natural thinning slowly reduces the number of mature trees to about 30 to 40 per hectare. Because it takes roughly 20 years for seedlings to reach become old enough to make seeds, repeated fires in the same area can cause local extinctions. If, however, there are no fires to release seeds, the trees die off after about 400 years and are replaced by other species.
Tall trees
Eucalyptus regnans is the tallest of all flowering plants, and possibly the tallest of all plants, although no living trees can make that claim. The tallest tree, named "Centurion", stands 99.6 metres tall in Tasmania. There are 16 living trees in Tasmania that have been measured taller than 90 metres. The tallest tree ever found was the "Ferguson Tree", at 132.6 metres, found in the Watts River region of Victoria in 1872. It had fallen over and was measured by William Ferguson, the Inspector of State Forests. The top of the tree had broken off, but the trunk was still more than one metre in diameter. Ferguson guessed the tree would have been more than 152 metres in height.
Uses
Eucalyptus regnans is valued for its timber, and large areas of trees have been cut down. The main uses are building timber and woodchipping. It also used for newsprint in the 20th century. Most of the woodchips are sent to Japan. While the area of natural stands with large old trees is rapidly decreasing, large areas of new trees exist. It is increasingly grown in plantations where the long, straight, fast growing trunks are more valuable than the old growth timber.
The timber is rather rough (stringy) in texture. It is easy to work and the grain is straight with long, clear sections without knots. The wood works reasonably well for steam-bending. It is used for furniture, flooring, woodpanelling, veneer, plywood, window frames and general building.
Sol Heras
Sol Heras (born 8 October 1987) is an English actor. He is best known for his second acting for the portraying character of Ryan Connor in the longest-running television soap opera Coronation Street, from 2012 until 2013, and his replace by Ben Thompson, and in turning replacing by Ryan Prescott in 2018.
Early life
Heras was born on 8 October 1987, and raised in Cheshire.
Tonie Marshall
Tonie Marshall (November 29, 1951 – March 12, 2020) was a French-American actress, screenwriter, and director. She was born in Neuilly-sur-Seine, France. She was known for her role in A Slightly Pregnant Man. She also directed Venus Beauty Institute and The Missionaries.
Marshall died on March 12, 2020 after a long-illness in Paris, aged 68.
Take A Daytrip
Take a Daytrip is an American record production and songwriting duo composed of Denzel Baptiste (born January 9, 1993) and David Biral (Born February 22, 1993). They are best known for producing singles such as Sheck Wes' "Mo Bamba", Lil Nas X's "Panini", "Montero (Call Me by Your Name)", and "Industry Baby" (featuring Jack Harlow), Juice Wrld's Legends, and Travis Scott and Kid Cudi's The Scotts, in which all of them reached the top 30 of the Billboard Hot 100.
Hylidae
Hylidae is a family of tree frogs. Some of the Hylids are semi-aquatic, and others are terrestrial frogs.
Characteristics
Most hylids have forward-facing eyes that gives them binocular vision. These hylids are arboreal species, meaning they live in trees. Non-arboreal species do not have any of these advantages. The Cyclorana species are burrowing frogs. They spend most of their time underground. Hylids will eat insects and other invertebrates. Larger species can eat small vertebrates.
Hylids lay their eggs in ponds. Some lay their eggs in puddles that in holes inside trees. Others lay their eggs on plants, if water is near. The tadpoles will drop from the plants and into the pond when they hatch. In South America, female hylids carry the eggs on their backs until they hatch.
Species
The European tree frog (Hyla arborea) lives in middle and Southern Europe. They can also be found in Asia and North Africa. These species are noisy during rainstorms. Many Hylidae live in North America, for example Hyla versicolor (Grey Tree Frog) and Hyla cinerea (American Green Tree Frog). The spring peeper (Pseudacris crucifer) can also be found in the eastern United States. The spring peeper makes loud noises during the spring and summer.
The word "tree frog" is a popular term for many Hylidae. For example, Hyla versicolor is the name of the changeable tree frog, Trachycephalus lichenatus is the name of the lichened tree frog, and Trachycephalus marmoratus is the marbled tree frog. However, the name "tree frog" is not unique to this family. "Tree frog" is used more often for many species in Rhacophoridae.
Taxonomy
The Hylidae family is divided into the following subfamilies and genera:
Philip Jansen
Philip Eric Rene Jansen (born January 1967) is a British businessman. He has been the chief executive officer (CEO) of BT since 1 February 2019. He also became CEO of Worldpay on 30 April 2013.
Aardonyx
Aardonyx is a genus of dinosaur. It lived in what is now South Africa during the Early Jurassic about 195 million years ago. The Aardonyx had a long, slender neck and a small head. It had a thick, barrel chest and primarily stood on two legs, but could walk on four. It was 20 feet long and 6 feet tall. It weighed about half a ton. Its diet was herbivorous.
Tanisha Thomas
Tanisha Thomas (born on August 28, 1985 in Brooklyn, New York) is an African American reality television participant. She first appeared on the Oxygen show Bad Girls Club in 2008. She was on the second season to become a role model for young women and change her bad behavior. She became a fan favorite for her catchphrase "Pop Off!". After the show was done airing, Thomas was called the "godmother" to all "bad girls". Thomas later hosted the spin-off dating game show Love Games: Bad Girls Need Love Too starting with its second season in 2011. She also competed on the VH1 show Celebrity Fit Club: Boot Camp 2. Thomas was on the show to loose weight. Her team the "blue team" won and took home $17,500 each.
A year later, Thomas was given her own show on Oxygen. It was called Tanisha Gets Married. The show was about Thomas' and her fiancee s journey on planning their wedding. It aired in May 2012 and beat all the key demos of Oxygen that were set in April 2012. Thomas along with her ex-husband appeared on first season of the show Marriage Boot Camp, which aired on May 30, 2014.
Giza pyramid complex
Main article: Giza Necropolis
The Giza pyramid complex is a part of the archaeological site on the Giza plateau, near Cairo, Egypt. It includes the Great Pyramid of Giza, which is one of the wonders of the world.
Accelerometer
An accelerometer is a device used to measure proper acceleration, which is the acceleration it experiences in relation to freefall, and is the acceleration felt by people and objects. Accelerometers are commonly made up of piezoelectric, piezoresistive or capacitive components. Here are some examples of what accelerometers are used for:
Lower Jurassic
The Lower Jurassic is the first geological epoch in the Jurassic that began 201.3 million years ago, and ended at 174.1 million years ago.
The Jurassic period is divided into Lower, Middle and Upper. The Lower Jurassic started after the end-Triassic extinction event at 201.3 million years ago (mya). Its rocks form in Europe the Lias group of marine strata consisting mostly of limestone, with some clays and siltstone. It was in this formation on the Dorset Jurassic Coast that Mary Anning did much of her work. The mudstones of the earliest Jurassic (Blue Lias) give way to carbonate rocks as the water deepens in the Middle Jurassic.
The Jurassic period was one of the time periods when dinosaurs were on the Earth. By this time, many groups of the Triassic period had become extinct.
Britain
Shallow seas were over southern England; higher ground like the Mendip Hills were a string of islands stretching westwards South Wales.
North America
The Lower Jurassic in western North America is quite different. It is continental in origin, sandstones laid down in shifting streams and rivers. These sandstones were laid down over a long period from the later Permian to the Lower Jurassic.
Perth Glory FC
Perth Glory F.C. is an Australian soccer club from Perth, Western Australia. It competes in the A-League, under licence from Football Federation Australia (FFA).
Tibetan Muslims
The Tibetan Muslims, also known as the Kachee (Kache), are a small minority in Tibet. Despite being Muslim, they are classified as Tibetans. The Tibetan word Kachee literally means Kashmiri and Kashmir was known as Kachee Yul (Yul = Country).
The small number of Tibetan Muslims live throughout Tibet. ,Many of them can be found in Lhasa and Shigatse. Some live outside the Tibet Autonomous Region. These ethnic groups such as the Balti (indigenous people) and Burig are of Tibetan origin and consider themselves to be ethnically Tibetan, are Muslims as well. These other groups, however, are mainly found in the Occupied Kashmir's Ladakh area and the Pakistani-admnistered Baltistan.
Triacylglyceride
A triacylglyceride (also called TAG, triglyceride, triglycerol, or triacylglycerol) is a type of fat or oil. Triacylglycerides are the main energy source in the body. They are stored in fat tissue called adipose tissue. Body fat in humans and animals and vegetable oil contain triglycerides. Triglycerides are found in the blood and in fat cells. Triglycerides are made of three fatty acids connected to a glycerol. The long, repeating chain of carbons and hydrogens at the end of the fatty acid, called the fatty acid "tail", makes the molecule hydrophobic, meaning it does not mix with water. These hydrophobic tails are why oil and water do not mix. The longer the fatty acid tail length, the more energy the triglyceride has.
There are two main types of triglycerides, saturated and unsaturated fats. Saturated fats have carbon atoms that have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms possible. Saturated fats have a higher melting point and are usually solid at room temperature. Unsaturated fats have a least one carbon-carbon double bond, so there are not as many hydrogen atoms on the carbons. Unsaturated fats have a lower melting point and are usually liquid at room temperature. Oils are usually unsaturated fats. Saturated fats give the body more energy than unsaturated fats.
To use the energy stored in the triglyceride, our body breaks down the triglycerides into smaller molecules, called Acetyl-CoA (acetyl coenzyme A). Acetyl-CoA is further broken down in an energy producing process called the Krebs cycle. The Kreb cycle is the same process that gives us energy from the carbohydrates, like bread and sugar, we eat.
Blythburgh
Blythburgh is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England. In 2001, there were 312 people living in Blythburgh. It has a church called Holy Trinity.
Terasecond and longer
A terasecond (symbol: Ts) is one trillion seconds. That is about 31,700 years. It can be written as 1012 seconds.
Here is a list of time spans longer than 1 terasecond:
Teraseconds
Here are some examples of events that take this long:
The Wave 96.4 FM
The Wave is a local radio station in South Wales. It is available on 96.4 FM, digital radio and on the Internet, in Swansea, Llanelli, Neath and Port Talbot. It plays a mix of popular music and news.
The Big Top 40 Show
The Big Top 40 Show is a commercial record chart show broadcast on radio stations in the United Kingdom. It is powered by the download company iTunes.
Kincaid, Illinois
Kincaid is a village in Illinois in the United States. Kincaid is a town in Illinois with a population of 1,428. Kincaid is in Christian County. Living in Kincaid offers residents a rural feel and most residents own their homes. Many families live in Kincaid and residents tend to be conservative.
Boyton, Suffolk
Boyton is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England. In 2001, there were 154 people living in Boyton. It has a church called St Andrew.
Nutteln
Nutteln is a municipality of the district Steinburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
Green bean
Green beans are a vegetable. They are the fruit of cultivars of the common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris.
Green beans are sold fresh, frozen or canned. Green beans are cooked by steaming, boiling, stir frying, deep frying, or in casseroles. In the United States, they are sometimes served in casserole with mushrooms, fried onions and cream. In Chinese cuisine, they are often stir-fried with garlic and douchi (fermented black soybeans). In Japanese cuisine, they are served as tempura.
Green beans contain lectins. That makes them harmful if a person eats too many raw or improperly cooked ones.
1967 Stanley Cup Finals
The 1967 Stanley Cup Finals was the championship series of the National Hockey League's (NHL) 1966–67 season. It was between the Montreal Canadiens and the Toronto Maple Leafs. The Maple Leafs won the series, four games to two.
Macclesfield
Macclesfield is a market town in Cheshire, England. About 51,739 people live in the town.
Femtosecond
A femtosecond is one billionth of one millionth, or one quadrillionth of a second. It can be written as 10-15 second. Even shorter than this is an attosecond.
Picosecond
One picosecond contains 1000 femtoseconds. There are 1000 picoseconds in one nanosecond.
Burnout Paradise
Burnout Paradise is the seventh video game of the Burnout series made by Criterion Games. It was released in January 2008 for PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 and on February 5, 2009 on Microsoft Windows. It was also released on the PlayStation Store in September 2008. It has an open world set in the fictional Paradise City.
Pomak
The Pomak is a Bulgarian language with Turkish loanwords dialect speaking group, who adopted Islam at the time of the Ottoman empire. Pomak Men are circumcised, mostly in a big mass sünnet ceremony , Their Ancestors are said once was the Thracians. They live in the Rhodope Mountains at the Smolyan Province, in their own villages with Tobacco farms. They hold on a strictly Endogamy Arranged marriage. Mostly Pomaks are tall, have blond hair and blue eyes.
Pomaks live in Bulgaria in the Rhodope Mountain, in Greece and in Turkey.
They hold many old own traditions, music, and folk songs.
Bramfield
Bramfield is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England. In 2001, there were 369 people living in Bramfield. It has a church called St Andrew.
Claudius
Claudius had some kind of disability, in speech and walking, and his family kept him from public office until he was 38. Claudius' infirmity may have saved him from the purges of Tiberius' and Caligula's reigns; enemies did not see him as a serious threat. He was declared emperor at the insistence of the Praetorian Guard after Caligula's assassination. He was then the last adult male of his family.
Despite his lack of experience, Claudius proved a good administrator and a great builder of public works. His reign saw an expansion of the Empire, and the conquest of Roman Britain. He took a personal interest in the law, and he presided at public trials. Claudius suffered setbacks in his personal life, one of which may have led to his murder. He married four times, and the marriages did not turn out well. Claudius' relative and adopted son Nero succeeded him as emperor, and undid much of his good work.
Assassination of Caligula
On 24 January 41 CE, Caligula was assassinated by a broad-based conspiracy. There is no evidence that Claudius had a direct hand in the assassination, although it has been argued that he knew about the plot. In the chaos following the murder, Claudius witnessed the German guard cut down several uninvolved noblemen, including some of his friends. He fled to the palace to hide. According to tradition, a Praetorian named Gratus found him hiding behind a curtain and suddenly declared him emperor. A section of the guard may have planned to seek out Claudius, perhaps with his approval. They reassured him that they were not one of the groups looking for revenge. He was put under their protection.
The Senate quickly met and began debating a change of government. When they heard of the Praetorians' claim, they demanded that Claudius be delivered to them for approval. He refused, sensing danger. Eventually the Senate was forced to give in and, in return, Claudius pardoned nearly all the assassins.
Expansion of the empire
Under Claudius, the empire expanded for the first time since the reign of Augustus. The provinces of Thrace, Judea and three other provinces were annexed during his term. The annexation of Mauretania, begun under Caligula, was completed after the defeat of rebel forces, and divided into two provinces. The most important new expansion was the conquest of Great Britain (Britannia). In 43 CE, Claudius sent four legions to Britain. The island was an attractive target for Rome because of its wealth – particularly mines and slaves. It was also a haven for Gallic rebels and the like, and so could not be left alone much longer. Claudius himself traveled to the island after the completion of initial offensives, bringing with him reinforcements and elephants.
The Senate granted him a Roman triumph for his efforts: in the Roman Empire only members of the imperial family were allowed such honors. Claudius later lifted this restriction for some of his generals. When the British general Caractacus was captured in 50, Claudius granted him his life. Caractacus lived out his days on land provided by the Roman state, an unusual end for an enemy commander.
Claudius conducted a census in 48 CE that found 5,984,072 Roman citizens, an increase of about a million since the census conducted at Augustus' death.
Marriages and personal life
Claudius married four times. His first marriage, to Plautia Urgulanilla, occurred after two failed betrothals. During their marriage she gave birth to a son, Claudius Drusus. Unfortunately, Drusus died of asphyxiation in his early teens, shortly after becoming engaged to Junilla, the daughter of Sejanus. Claudius later divorced Urgulanilla for adultery and on suspicion of murdering her sister-in-law Apronia. When Urgulanilla gave birth after the divorce, Claudius repudiated the baby girl, Claudia, as the father was one of his own freedmen.
Soon after (possibly in 28 AD ), Claudius married Aelia Paetina, a relative of Sejanus, if not Sejanus's adoptive sister. During their marriage, Claudius and Paetina had a daughter, Claudia Antonia.
Some years after divorcing Aelia Paetina, in 38 or early 39 AD, Claudius married Valeria Messalina, who was his first cousin once removed and closely allied with Caligula's circle. Shortly thereafter, she gave birth to a daughter Claudia Octavia. A son, first named Tiberius Claudius Germanicus, and later known as Britannicus, was born just after Claudius' accession. This marriage ended in tragedy. Messalina was regularly unfaithful to Claudius and manipulated his policies in order to amass wealth. In 48 AD Messalina married her lover Gaius Silius in a public ceremony while Claudius was at Ostia. The result was the execution of Silius, Messalina, and most of her circle. Claudius made the Praetorians promise to kill him if he ever married again.
Agrippina the Younger
Despite this declaration, Claudius did marry once more, his niece Agrippina the Younger. The attempted coup d'état by Silius and Messalina had probably made Claudius realize the weakness of his position since he did not have an obvious adult heir, Britannicus being just a boy. Agrippina's son Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus (the emperor Nero) was one of the last males of the imperial family. Future coup attempts could rally around the pair, and Agrippina was already showing such ambition. In any case, Claudius accepted Agrippina, and later adopted the newly mature Nero as his son.
Death, deification, and reputation
The consensus of ancient historians was that Claudius was murdered by poison, and died in the early hours of 13 October, 54 AD. Accounts vary greatly, but nearly all implicate his last wife, Agrippina, as the instigator. Agrippina had motive in ensuring the succession of Nero before Britannicus could gain power.
Claudius was described as physically repulsive, weak, and easily manipulated by his wives and companions by Suetonius, but this historian cannot be entirely trusted. The surviving works of Claudius present a different view. They paint a picture of an intelligent, scholarly, well-read, and conscientious administrator with an eye to detail and justice. Thus, Claudius becomes an enigma. Since the discovery of his letter to the Alexandrians in the last century, much work has been done to rehabilitate Claudius and determine where the truth lies.
Scholarly works and their impact
Claudius wrote copiously throughout his life. Besides the history of Augustus' reign, his major works included an Etruscan history and eight volumes on Carthaginian history, as well as an Etruscan dictionary and a book on dice playing. Claudius is the last person known to have been able to read Etruscan. His first wife was Etruscan. Finally, he wrote an eight-volume autobiography.
Unfortunately, none of these major works survive. They do live on as sources for the surviving histories of the Julio-Claudian dynasty. Suetonius quotes Claudius' autobiography once, and must have used it as a source numerous times. Tacitus may have used him for some of the more antiquarian passages in his annals. Claudius is the source for numerous passages of Pliny's Natural History. Pliny credits him by name in Book VII 35. p83
In literature and film
The best known fictional representation of the emperor Claudius were the books I, Claudius and Claudius the God (published in 1934 and 1935) by the poet Robert Graves. They were both written in the first-person, as if they are Claudius' autobiography. Graves' plot suggested there were recently discovered, genuine translations of Claudius' writings. Claudius' genuine surviving letters, speeches, and sayings were incorporated into the text (mostly in the second book, Claudius the God) in order to add authenticity.
Graves's two books were the basis for an I, Claudius TV series by the BBC. The series starred Derek Jacobi as Claudius and was broadcast in 1976 on BBC2. It was a substantial critical success, and won several BAFTA awards. The series was later broadcast in the United States on Masterpiece Theatre in 1977. The DVD release of the television series contains The Epic that Never Was documentary.
Claudius has been portrayed in movies on several occasions. I, Claudius (1937, Director Josef von Stromberg), unfinished; Charles Laughton as Claudius was a great performance. The surviving reels were featured in the BBC television documentary The Epic that never was (1965), revealing some of Laughton's most accomplished acting. Also, minor portrayals in Demetrius and the Gladiators (1954) and Caligula (1979).
Flag of Armenia
The national flag of Armenia, the Armenian Tricolor, has three horizontal bands of equal width, red on the top, blue in the middle, and orange on the bottom.
The first modern national flag of Armenia was created in 1885 by Ghevont Alishan. The Armenian Supreme Council adopted the current flag on August 24, 1990. On June 15, 2006, the Law on the National Flag of Armenia was passed by the Armenian Parliament.
A Rush of Blood to the Head Tour
A Rush of Blood to the Head Tour was the second concert tour by British band Coldplay. The tour was launched in support of the band's second album, A Rush of Blood to the Head (2002).
Parachute (disambiguation)
Parachute could mean:
Waseda University Honjo Senior High School
Waseda University Honjo Senior High School is a Japanese private high school which is attached to Waseda University. This means that all students who have successfully graduated from this high school are entitled to enter Waseda University.
The Simpsons: Hit & Run
The Simpsons Hit & Run is an action-adventure video game based on the animated sitcom (comedy TV show) The Simpsons. It was released for the Nintendo GameCube, Xbox, PlayStation 2, and Windows in the United States on September 16, 2003 and in Europe on October 31, 2003. The game was developed or made by Radical Entertainment and published or was put out to be sold by Vivendi Universal. To make the game harder and more fun, the story and dialogue were written by the writers of the TV show. The voices were supplied by the cast of The Simpsons.
The game follows the Simpson family and the people who live in Springfield, who see many strange things that happen in their town. When the Simpsons themselves decide to find out what is going on, they find out that aliens Kang and Kodos are filming a reality television series about the city. To make the show more interesting, the aliens release Buzz Cola, a soda that makes people go crazy, into Springfield's water supply. With help from Professor Frink, Homer is able to destroy the aliens' spaceship, and Springfield and its people are returned to normal.
Gameplay
Hit & Run has seven levels, each with missions and a unique plot. The player can only move, or control one certain character in each level. The game's playable characters are Homer Simpson, Bart Simpson, Lisa Simpson, Marge Simpson, and Apu Nahasapeemapetilon. When walking, the playing character can walk, run, and perform many attacks: a normal kick, a jumping kick, and a smashing move. To drive, the player can either drive one of the many vehicles that are on the road, a feature taken from Grand Theft Auto 3, or use a phone booth to choose a car. The game's driving missions are also similar to those of Grand Theft Auto 3. In both games, the player races against other characters, gets items before a timer runs out, and wrecks other cars.
References
Notes
Leoben
Leoben is a city in the Austrian state of Styria. It is on the Mur river and has about 25,000 people. The University of Leoben is in the city.
Tense
Tense may refer to:
Macclesfield Town F.C.
Macclesfield Town Football Club were an English football club from Macclesfield, Cheshire.
Attosecond
An attosecond (as) is a very short period of time. It is equal to one quintillionth of a second (or 0.000000000000000001 seconds). It can also be written as 10−18 seconds. Because it can be hard to think about how short this period of time is, on this page is a list of descriptions of periods of time longer than 1 attosecond, but shorter than one femtosecond (which is 10−15 seconds). This should help when thinking about periods of time that have different orders of magnitude.
Brandeston
Brandeston is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England. In 2001, there were 278 people living in Brandeston. It has a church called All Saints.
Retz
Retz is a town of the district of Hollabrunn in the Austrian state of Lower Austria.
Charles Wuorinen
Charles Peter Wuorinen (June 9, 1938 – March 11, 2020) was an American composer and educator. He won the Pulitzer Prize for Music in 1970. His works were contemporary music based in New York City.
He was born in Manhattan. He wrote more than 270 compositions including works for orchestra, opera, and chamber music, as well as solo instrumental and vocal works. He often played the piano in performances of his works. He composed an opera based on a children's novel by Salman Rushdie, which was first performed by the New York City Opera in 2004. He taught composition at several universities.
Wuorinen died on March 11, 2020 at a Manhattan hospital from problems caused by a fall at the age of 81.
Alessandro Favalli
Alessandro Favalli (born 15 November 1992) is an Italian footballer. He plays as a defender for Serie C club Reggiana. He is the son of former Lazio, Milan and Italy player Giuseppe Favalli.
Favalli was born in Cremona. He played four games for the Italy under-20 team in 2011–12. Since 2010, he has played for a number of clubs including Cremonese, Cesena, Parma, Gorica, Padova, Ternana and Catanzaro. In 2020, he joined Reggiana.