cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Asterix
Asterix (Astérix le Gaulois) is a French comic book. It was created by René Goscinny (words) and Albert Uderzo (pictures). Goscinny died in 1977 and Uderzo continued to draw and write the series by himself until his death in 2020. The title character Asterix is a Gaul, a member of a Celtic tribe that lived in France, in the year of 50 B.C.E. Asterix lives in a small village in northwest Gaul (Ancient France) during the time of Julius Caesar in 50 BC. Unlike the rest of Gaul, this village has not been taken over by the Romans, because the people in the village drink a magic potion brewed by their druid Getafix. Asterix has many adventures with his friend, Obelix, a Menhir delivery man. The stories have been adapted into movies and video games; there is even an amusement park. There is also a couple of cartoons made after this popular comic, and both the comic and the cartoon can be made into so that the characters speak French.
Groundhog Day
Groundhog Day is a holiday on February 2. It is usually celebrated in North America. It marks about six weeks before the end of winter. It began in the year 1886. This holiday celebrates "Punxsutawney Phil", a groundhog who can supposedly forecast the weather.
Omar Blondin Diop
Omar Blondin Diop was a revolutionary and artist from Senegal. Born in Niger, he moved between several countries because of his activism. After going to France for university, he joined the Marxist movement in Paris and acted in movies, including two by Jean-Luc Godard. France deported him back to Senegal in 1969 because of his politics.
Diop kept doing activism back in Senegal. He, his brothers, and his friends wanted to have a revolution there, because they felt Leopold Senghor's government helped the French more than it helped Senegalese people and it was neocolonial. Diop started doing theatre in public to promote revolutionary ideas. They got ready to start a guerrilla war against Senegal's government, but they were arrested and sent to prison on an island called Gorée. Diop died in prison in 1973. Many people who knew him, including his family, think he was secretly killed by the government.
Newaygo County, Michigan
Newaygo County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, 49,978 people live here. The county seat is White Cloud.
Peter Lawford
Peter Sydney Ernest Lawford (born Peter Sydney Ernest Aylen; September 7, 1923 – December 24, 1984) was an English-born American actor and singer. He was born in London.
He was a member of the "Rat Pack" along with Dean Martin. He was married to Patricia Kennedy. Lawford then became the brother-in-law to President John F. Kennedy. He had four children; including Christopher.
From the 1940s to the 1960s, he had a strong role in popular culture and starred in a number of popular movies.
Lawford died from cardiac arrest caused by renal failure and liver failure in Los Angeles, California, aged 61.
Primula
Primula is a genus of 400–500 species of low-growing herbs in the family Primulaceae. They include primrose, cowslip and oxlip.
Primroses are used as food plants by the larvae (caterpillars) of some Lepidoptera species.
Some flowering forms of (cultivated) Primula are commonly known as polyanthus (P. elatior hybrids) as opposite to primrose (P. vulgaris hybrids).
Heterostyly
The morph phenotype is genetically closely linked to genes responsible for a system of self-incompatibility. That means the pollen from a flower on one morph cannot fertilize another flower of the same morph.
In one morph (termed 'pin') the stamens are short and the pistils are long; in the second morph (termed 'thrum') the stamens are long and the pistils are short. The length of the pistil in one morph equals the length of the stamens in the second morph, and vice versa. The system prevents self-fertilisation.
All sections of the genus Primula have heterostyle species, altogether 354 species out of 419. Since heterostyly is characteristic of nearly all races or species, the system is at least as old as the genus.
Talking Heads
Talking Heads was a rock band from the United States. The band first became popular in the late 1970s. Talking Heads had an early influence on other musical groups by combining the sounds of punk, art rock, funk, dance and world music with an avant-garde style and the anxious way David Byrne sang on stage.
Reception
Critic Stephen Thomas Erlewine said Talking Heads was "one of the most critically acclaimed bands of the '80s."
In 2002, the band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
Four of the band's albums appeared on Rolling Stone's list of The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time. Three of their songs ("Psycho Killer," "Life During Wartime," and "Once in a Lifetime") were listed in "The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll". Talking Heads were also included at #64 on VH1's list of the "100 Greatest Artists of All Time." In the 2011 update of Rolling Stone's "100 Greatest Artists of All Time," the band was ranked at No. 100.
Kurt Thomas (basketball)
Kurt Vincent Thomas (born October 4, 1972 in Dallas, Texas) is an American basketball player. He currently plays for the Chicago Bulls as a Power forward and Center.
He was drafted out of Texas Christian University in the 1995 NBA Draft in the 1st round with the 10th pick by the Miami Heat.
He has also played with the Miami Heat from 1995 to 1997, Dallas Mavericks from 1997 to 1998, New York Knicks from 1998 to 2005, Phoenix Suns from 2005 to 2007, Seattle SuperSonics from 2007 to 2008, San Antonio Spurs from 2008 to 2009 and the Milwaukee Bucks from 2009 to 2010.
Betulaceae
Betulaceae is a group of flowering plants also known as the birch family. This includes the birches, alders, hornbeams (Caprinus), and hazels.
Inside Llewyn Davis
Inside Llewyn Davis is a comedy-drama movie. It is about the title character living life in the 1960s in New York City. Carey Mulligan plays Jean, John Goodman plays Roland. This movie was rated R for profanity and sexual references.
Cramaille
Cramaille is a commune. It is in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France. In 2015, 134 people lived there.
San Pedro de Mérida
San Pedro de Mérida is a municipality in the province of Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain. In 2005, 845 people lived here.
Ólöf Nordal
Ólöf Nordal (3 December 1966 – 8 February 2017) was an Icelandic politician. She was a member of the Independence Party. She served as the Minister of the Interior from 4 December 2014 to 11 January 2017.
Ólöf was born in Reykjavík. She was married to Tómas Már Sigurðsson and had four children.
Ólöf died from pancreatic cancer on 8 February 2017 in Reykjavík. She was 50.
Craonne
Craonne is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Hettstadt
Hettstadt is a municipality in Würzburg in Bavaria, Germany.
Grono, Switzerland
Grono is a municipality of the district Moesa in the Swiss canton of Graubünden. On 1 January 2017, the former municipalities of Leggia and Verdabbio merged into the municipality of Grono.
Bokoshe, Oklahoma
Bokoshe is a town in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.
Birgitte, Duchess of Gloucester
Birgitte, Duchess of Gloucester, (born Birgitte Eva van Deurs Henriksen; 20 June 1946) is a Danish member of the British royal family. She is married to Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester, a grandson of George V. They have three children.
Marriage and family
Birgitte first met Prince Richard of Gloucester, the younger son of Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester, and Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester, in the late 1960s in Cambridge, where he attended university. In February 1972, their engagement was announced. They married on 8 July 1972 at St Andrew's Church, Barnwell, Northamptonshire.
Six weeks after their wedding, Prince Richard's elder brother, Prince William of Gloucester, was killed in a flying accident. Prince Richard unexpectedly became heir apparent to the dukedom and upon his father's death in 1974, the couple became the Duke and Duchess of Gloucester.
The couple have three children: Alexander (born 1974), Davina (born 1977), and Rose (born 1980). They were born at St Mary's Hospital, London. The Duke and Duchess officially reside at Kensington Palace.
20 June 1946-15 January 1966 Miss Birgitte Eva Henriksen
15 January 1966-8 June 1972 Miss Birgitte Eva van Deurs
10 June 1974 Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Gloucester
In Scotland: Her Royal Highness The Countess of Ulster
In Northern Ireland: Baroness Culloden
Air Force One (movie)
Air Force One is a 1997 American action-thriller movie written by Andrew W. Marlowe and directed by Wolfgang Petersen. It is about a group of Russian terrorists hijacking Air Force One. It stars Harrison Ford, Gary Oldman, Glenn Close, Xander Berkeley, Jürgen Prochnow, William H. Macy, Dean Stockwell, Wendy Crewson, Philip Baker Hall and Paul Guilfoyle. The President of the United States Bill Clinton praised it. The movie was composed by Jerry Goldsmith. It was released on July 25, 1997. It received positive reviews from critics. It currently has a 78% on rotten tomatoes and has a score of 61 out of 100.
Zazie Beetz
Zazie Olivia Beetz ( born June 1, 1991) is a German-American actress. She stars in the FX comedy-drama series Atlanta (2016–present). She also appeared in the Netflix anthology series Easy (2016–19).
Beetz has appeared in the disaster movie Geostorm (2017), and has played the Marvel Comics character Domino in the superhero movie Deadpool 2 (2018) and the Joker's neighbor in the psychological thriller Joker (2019).
Sammy Lee (diver)
Dr. Samuel "Sammy" Lee (August 1, 1920 – December 2, 2016) was an Korean-American diver. He was the first Asian-American to win an Olympic gold medal for the United States in 1948.
Lee was born in Fresno, California. He was raised in San Francisco, California. Lee studied at the Occidental College in Los Angeles and studied briefly at the University of Southern California.
He was also the first man to win gold medals "back-to-back" in Olympic platform diving. This means he won a second gold medal for the same event in the next Olympics, in 1952.
Waistline
Waistline can mean several things:
Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State
The Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State is the legislative body for Vatican City, the smallest country in the world and the headquarters of the Holy See. It has seven members, all of which are officials appointed by the Pope, the head of state of Vatican City.
Head of government
The chairman is the President of the Governorate. He also has executive powers and is therefore also the head of government. From 1929 to 1952 there was also an executive position named the Governor of Vatican City. However, there was only ever one Governor, Camillo Serafini.
Old Rauma
Old Rauma (Vanha Rauma, Gamla Raumo) is a wooden city centre. It is located in the town of Rauma, Finland. It is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
The town of Rauma expanded outside Old Rauma only in the early 19th century. The oldest currently standing buildings were built in the 18th century, because two fires in 1640 and 1682 destroyed the town. Most buildings are currently inhabited and owned by private individuals. The two main streets and area around the town square are mainly in business use.
Guémar
Guémar is a commune. It is found in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.
Mark Moses
Mark W. Moses (born February 24, 1958) is an American actor. He is known for his roles of Paul Young on Desperate Housewives and Herman "Duck" Phillips on the AMC series Mad Men.
About Time (movie)
About Time is a romantic drama movie. It is about a man, played by Domhnall Gleeson, who can time travel. It is set in Cornwall and London. Rachel McAdams plays Mary, and Margot Robbie plays Charlotte. The movie was rated R by MPAA mostly for profanity.
About Time was released in the United Kingdom on September 4, 2013 and the United States on November 1, 2013.
Bernardo Romeo
Bernardo Romeo (born 10 September 1977) is an Argentine football player. He plays for San Lorenzo Almagro.
K. T. Oslin
Kay Toinette Oslin (May 15, 1942 – December 21, 2020) was an American country music singer-songwriter. She was best known for her 1987 top-ten hit country single "80's Ladies". Oslin was born in Crossett, Arkansas. She won three Grammy Awards (one in 1988 and two in 1989).
In June 2015, she was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. Oslin died on December 21, 2020, a week after being diagnosed with COVID-19 in Nashville, Tennessee, aged 78.
Oceana County, Michigan
Oceana County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, 26,659 people live here. The county seat is Hart.
Biel, Valais
Biel is a village and former municipality in the canton of Valais, Switzerland.
On 1 January 2001 the former municipalities of Biel, Ritzingen and Selkingen merged into the new municipality of Grafschaft.
The Adjustment Bureau
The Adjustment Bureau is a 2011 American romance science fiction thriller movie set in 2006. It was produced by George Nolfi, Chris Moore, Michael Hackett and Bill Carraro and was directed by George Nolfi. The movie was released on March 4, 2011.
Egg fruit
The egg fruit tree is approximately 8 meters tall and has oblong fruits that range from 7 to 12 centimeters in length. The fruits can vary in shape. Some have a straight point at the end and can be curved at the tip. When ripe, the egg fruit looks golden-orange and occasionally exhibits rusty brown blotches, which is normal for this plant. The interior is similar to both the color and texture of a hard-boiled egg yolk, hence the name, and contains 1-4 hard black seeds. Ripe egg fruit flows a strong musky smell.
Seasons/availability
Egg fruit is available in fall, into summer in tropical climates.
Terminology
Egg fruit is commonly referred to as canistel and botanically classified as Pouteria campechiana. It is a member of the Sapotaceae Family and a close relative of the more popular tropical fruit, Sapota. Egg fruit is also sometimes referred to as yellow sapote. Egg fruit gets its name from the consistency of its flesh. When ripe, the egg fruit is said to resemble a hard-boiled egg yolk with the flavors of roasted sweet potato.
Nutritional value
Egg fruit is rich in vitamin A, B, and C, and also contains iron and calcium.
Applications
Egg fruit is often eaten raw as a simple snack with a sprinkle of salt and lemon juice. It is also used in sweet baking applications as a pumpkin-like ingredient. The pureed flesh may be added into custards, ice creams, bread, pancakes, smoothies, milkshakes or made into jams and marmalades. The egg fruit is a central ingredient in recipes for vegan cheesecake, eggnog, deviled eggs, and even cheese. Complimentary flavors include allspice, cinnamon, ginger, thyme, turmeric, orange, maple syrup, pecans, walnuts, almond, coconut, and vanilla.
Sumy Oblast
Sumy Oblast (Сумська область) is an oblast (province) of northeastern Ukraine. The administrative centre is Sumy. The population of Sumy Oblast was 1,124,000 in 2014. Most of population has got Ukrainian origin, about 4% speaks East Ukrainian language.
Craonnelle
Craonnelle is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Hans Mark
Hans Michael Mark (June 17, 1929 – December 18, 2021) was a German-born American physicist and politician. He was the Secretary of the Air Force between 1979 until 1981. He was the Director of the National Reconnaissance Office between 1977 until 1979.
Mark was born in Mannheim, Germany. Because he was partly of Jewish descent his father Herman Francis Mark fled with the family into the United States.
Mark died on December 18, 2021 in Austin, Texas from dementia-related problems at the age of 92.
English Gothic architecture
English Gothic is the name of the architectural style that was very popular in England from about 1180 until about 1520. As with the gothic architecture of other parts of Europe, English Gothic is defined by its pointed arches, vaulted rooves, buttresses, large windows, and spires.
Stages
The various styles are seen at their best in the cathedrals, abbey churches and college buildings. It is a distinctive characteristic of the cathedrals of England that all but one of them show great stylistic diversity and have building dates that range over 400 years. The exception, Salisbury Cathedral, was built in 38 years.
Early English
Examples: Salisbury Cathedral, Whitby Abbey, the nave and transept of Wells Cathedral (1225—1240).
Characteristics
The clearest sign of the Early English period was the pointed arch known as the lancet. Pointed arches were used for nave arcade, the doorways and lancet windows. The windows are narrow by comparison to their height and are without tracery. Lancet arches are a sign of the style.
The Lancet openings of windows and arcades are often grouped in twos or threes. This is seen throughout Salisbury Cathedral where there are groups of two lancet windows lining the nave and groups of three lining the clerestory. At York Minster there are, in the north transept, a cluster of five lancet windows known as the Five Sisters, each fifty feet high and still have their ancient glass.
Romanesque (Norman architecture) builders generally used round arches. Compared with the rounded Romanesque style, the pointed arch of the Early English Gothic looks more elegant and, more importantly, is better at distributing the weight of the stonework above it. This makes it possible to span higher and wider gaps using narrower columns.
Instead of being massive, solid pillars, the columns were often composed of clusters of slender, detached shafts surrounding a central pillar.
By using the pointed arch, walls could become less massive and window openings could be larger and grouped more closely together. This gave a more open, airy and graceful building. The high walls and vaulted stone roofs were often supported by flying buttresses: half arches which transmit the outward thrust of the superstructure to supports or buttresses, usually on the outside of the building.
At its purest the style was simple and austere, emphasizing the height of the building, as if aspiring heavenward.
Decorated gothic
Examples: the east ends of Lincoln Cathedral and Carlisle Cathedral, and the west fronts of York Minster and Lichfield Cathedral. Much of Exeter Cathedral is built in this style.
Characteristics
Decorated architecture has window tracery. Elaborate windows are subdivided by closely-spaced parallel mullions (vertical bars of stone). The mullions then branch out and cross, intersecting to fill the top part of the window with a mesh of elaborate patterns called tracery. The style was geometrical (more straight lines) at first and flowing (curves) in the later period. This evolution of decorated tracery is often used to subdivide the period into an earlier "geometric" and later "curvilinear" period.
Perpendicular gothic
Some of the earliest examples of the "perpendicular period", from 1360, are found at Gloucester Cathedral. The masons of the cathedral seem to be far in advance of those in other towns; the fan-vaulting in the cloisters is particularly fine. Also noteworthy are the Quire and tower of York Minster (1389–1407); the nave and western transepts of Canterbury Cathedral (1378–1411). Bath Abbey, Eton College Chapel and King's College Chapel, Cambridge (1446–1515) are also examples.
Characteristics
Some of the finest features of this period are the magnificent timber rooves. Hammerbeam rooves, like those of Westminster Hall (1395), and Christ Church Hall, Oxford, appeared for the first time. In areas of southern England elaborate decoration in flint was used, especially in the wool churches of East Anglia.
Jessica Mauboy
Jessica Hilda Mauboy (born 4 August 1989) is an Australian R&B singer-songwriter and actress. In 2006, she was runner-up on the fourth season of Australian Idol. After this, she signed for Sony Music Entertainment. She has released three studio albums, one live album, three soundtrack albums, one extended play and 35 singles. She was a guest performer at the Eurovision Song Contest in 2014. She competed for Australia at the Eurovision Song Contest in 2018. She has also appeared in the movies Bran Nue Dae (2010) and The Sapphires (2012). She has also starred in the drama television series The Secret Daughter since 2016.
Aspiro
On January 30, 2015, it was told that Aspiro had received a $56 million takeover bid from Project Panther Bidco Ltd. That was indirectly owned and controlled by entertainment mogul Jay-Z. Even though some minority shareholders opposed the takeover and argued that Project Panther undervalued the growth potential in their bid, the acquisition was announced finalized on March 13. That was after being accepted by over 90% of the shareholders.
Jessica Mauboy
Mauboy was born in Darwin, Northern Territory. Her mother is an Indigenous Australian and her father is from West Timor.
Grace Harris
Grace Margaret Harris is a cricketer from Australia. Grace plays for Queensland Fire in the Women's National Cricket League and Brisbane Heat in the Women's Big Bash League. She was born on September 18, 1993.
Other People's Money
It was released October 18, 1991. Reviews were mixed.
Waistline (clothing)
The waistline is the part of a piece of clothing that sits on the wearer's waist. The actual position of the waitline can be different depending on the fashion or how the person chooses to wear the garment, but it is normally just above the hips.
Ogemaw County, Michigan
Ogemaw County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, 20,770 people live here. The county seat is West Branch.
Waistline (clothing)
Waistlines can be secured with a variety of methods, such as buttons, knots and zippers. A waistband is a strip of elastic rubber that adjusts to keep the item tight against the body.
Satellite (artificial)
Since then, thousands of satellites have been launched into orbit around the Earth. Some satellites, notably space stations, have been launched in parts and assembled in orbit.
Satellites orbiting now
Artificial satellites come from more than 50 countries and have used the satellite launching capabilities of ten nations. A few hundred satellites are currently working, but thousands of unused satellites and satellite fragments orbit the Earth as space debris. The largest satellite is the International Space Station, which was put together by several different countries (including the organizations of NASA, ESA, JAXA and RKA). It usually has a crew of six astronauts or cosmonauts living on board. It is permanently occupied, but the crew changes. The Hubble Space Telescope has been repaired and updated by astronauts in space several times.
There are also artificial satellites orbiting something other than the Earth. The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter is one of those orbiting Mars. Cassini-Huygens orbited Saturn. Venus Express, run by the ESA, orbited Venus. Two GRAIL satellites orbited the moon until December 2012. Several satellites have orbited the Sun for years.
Lawrence County, Ohio
Lawrence County is a county in the U.S. state of Ohio. In 2020, 58,240 people lived there. The county seat is Ironton.
Satellite (artificial)
Satellites orbiting now
Artificial satellites have several main uses:
Orbits
Most of the artificial satellites are in a low Earth orbit (LEO) or a geostationary orbit. To stay in orbit, the satellite's sideways speed must balance the force of gravity. Satellites in low orbit are often less than one thousand kilometers above the ground. Close to the Earth, in LEO, the satellites must move faster to stay in orbit. Low orbits work well for satellites that take pictures of the Earth. Many do jobs that call for high orbital inclination (they swing above and below the equator), so they can communicate, or look at other areas. It is easier to put a satellite in low Earth orbit, but the satellite appears to move when viewed from Earth. This means a satellite dish (a type of antenna) must be always moving in order to send or receive communications with that satellite.
Medium orbit works well for GPS satellites - receivers on Earth use the satellite's changing position and precise time (and a type of antenna that does not have to be pointed) to find where on Earth the receiver is. But constantly changing positions does not work for satellite TV and other types of satellites that send and receive a lot of information. Those need to be in geostationary orbit.
A satellite in a geostationary orbit moves around the Earth as fast as the Earth spins, so from the ground it looks like it is stationary (not moving). To move this way, the satellite must be straight above the equator, and 35,786 kilometers (22,236 miles) above the ground.
Independence, Ohio
Independence is a city in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States. The population was 7,133 at the 2010 Census.
Maslenitsa
Maslenitsa is one of the most popular and cheerful religious holidays in Russia. It originated from pagan times before Russia was converted to Christianity. At first, this holiday was a symbol of the spring solstice but nowadays it is considered a Christian holiday which goes right before the Great Lent. During Maslenitsa people enjoy almost any food, except meat. Usually Maslenitsa lasts for seven days and on the last day of this holiday people burn a doll which is made of branches and straw and dressed in bright clothes. This doll is called “Maslenitsa” and it symbolizes the cold and severe winter. By burning “Maslenitsa” people say goodbye to winter and greet a warm spring.
Fun with Dick and Jane (2005 movie)
Fun with Dick and Jane is the 2005 American criminal comedy remake of Fun with Dick and Jane (1977) starring Jim Carrey, Téa Leoni, Alec Baldwin and Richard Jenkins. Despite receiving mostly negative reviews from critics, the movie did well at the box office making a worldwide total of $202 million, a weekend grossing only $30,383,515, but was able to eventually make eight times its opening weekend gross during the holiday season.
Maslenitsa
Celebration
Every day of Maslenitsa plays a great role. On Monday people greet the holiday with games such as sledding, snowballs, riding on swings and so on. Russian people believe that happiness and joy which they feel during this day will accompany them throughout a year. On Tuesday people play games and bake pancakes which are called "blini". Blini are the most popular food which is made during this holiday. These pancakes have a round form and symbolize the Sun and warmth. On Wednesday people usually visit their friends and relatives and treat each other with blini. On Thursday by tradition people try to drive away winter by riding on horses around the village or around the places they live. Friday is usually called “Mothers’-in-law evenings” because sons-in-law come to visit their mothers-in-law. On merry Saturday everyone goes to visit their relatives. All people drink and eat as much as they want and play different games. Sunday is the last day of the holiday. It is also called the Sunday of forgiveness because on this day everyone asks forgiveness from relatives and friends for offences and mistakes committed against them. The most appropriate answer is “God will forgive”. After that people usually sing songs, dance and at the end of the day they burn the doll.
Wedding superstition
Maslenitsa is also considered as a family holiday because spring is a symbol of new life. People who marry during this time are considered as very strong and happy couples who will give a birth to many children. During Maslenitsa some people even “punish” those who did not marry yet by throwing them into snow.
Milton, Ontario
Milton is a town in the Canadian province of Ontario. In 2021, 132,979 people live in Milton.
Poseidon (movie)
Poseidon is a 2006 American disaster movie directed by Wolfgang Petersen. It is a remake of The Poseidon Adventure. It was distributed by Warner Bros.. It stars Josh Lucas, Kurt Russell and Richard Dreyfuss. It was released on May 12, 2006.
Glarus Süd
Glarus Süd is a municipality of the canton of Glarus in Switzerland.
On 1 January 2011, the former municipalities of Betschwanden, Braunwald, Elm, Engi, Haslen, Linthal, Luchsingen, Matt, Mitlödi, Rüti, Schwanden, Schwändi and Sool merged into the new municipality of Glarus Süd.
Glarus Süd is one of three municipalities of the canton of Glarus, the others being Glarus and Glarus Nord.
Mizrahi music
Mizrahi music (מוזיקה מזרחית) is a music genre in Israel that combines elements from Europe, North Africa and the Arab world, and is mainly performed by Israelis of Mizrahi descent.
Over time fusions of Mizrahi music with other genres emerged, including oriental rock, hip hop, and pop.
Ternopil Oblast
Ternopil Oblast (Тернопільська область) is an oblast (province) of western Ukraine. The administrative centre is Ternopil. The population of Ternopil Oblast was 1,075,000 in 2013.
Middleburg Heights, Ohio
Middleburg Heights is a city in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States.
Croix-Fonsomme
Croix-Fonsomme is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Ofer Levi
Ofer Levi (עופר לוי‎; born June 17, 1964) is an Israeli singer, composer and musician. He was one of the pioneers of the Mizrahi music in the Turkish and Arabic genres.
Lester B. Pearson
Lester Bowles "Mike" Pearson (April 23, 1897 – December 27, 1972) was the 14th Prime Minister of Canada from 1963 to 1968. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1957 for organizing the first peacekeeping force.
Faded (Alan Walker song)
"Faded" is a song by Alan Walker with vocals by singer Iselin Solheim. The song was very successful and reached the top 10 in many countries.
Lester B. Pearson
As Prime Minister, Pearson's government created universal health care and the Canada Pension Plan. They also created the Canada Student Loan Program, the Order of Canada, and changed the flag of Canada to the one with maple leaves. Pearson kept Canada from fighting in the Vietnam War and de facto stopped capital punishment from being used in Canada. Many people think he is one of the most important Canadians of the 20th century.
Early life
Pearson was born in Newtonbrook, Ontario, the son of Edwin Arthur Pearson, a Methodist minister and Anne Sarah Bowles. He went to the University of Toronto and Oxford University. Pearson was ambassador to the United States and the United Nations. He played for the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club while on a scholarship at Oxford University.
Kula ring
Kula is a traditional trade method that takes place in the Milne Bay Province of Papua New Guinea.
God Bless Fiji
"Meda Dau Doka", also known as "God Bless Fiji" in English, is the national anthem of Fiji. It was adopted in 1970 when the country got its independence from the United Kingdom.
Lester B. Pearson
Political career
Pearson entered politics in 1948, as Minister of External Affairs in the Liberal government of Louis St. Laurent. He became leader of the Liberal Party in 1958. He lost two elections as leader, until winning a third to become Prime Minister in 1963. His government brought in social programs and new standards for workers. Pearson signed the Canada-United States Automotive Agreement, also called the Auto Pact. He retired in 1968. The next Prime Minister was Pierre Trudeau.
Kula ring
The Kula ring
The Kula Exchange takes place on eighteen islands, including the Trobriand Islands, and involves thousands of people. The traders involved travel by canoe over hundreds of miles to exchange their Kula valuables. These valuables can be in the form of red shells that are traded to the North of the Islands, or in the form of white-shell armbands, which travel to the South of the Islands. Therefore creating a ‘ring’ of moving valuables throughout the islands. The terms of trade change in different regions. For example, some traders have to exchange a white armband for a necklace or must trade a red shell for a white shell armband. There are also differences on who can take part in the trading process such as in the Trobriand Islands their chiefs mainly take part in the exchange process, whereas in Dobu, anyone can take part.
God Bless Fiji
Earlier, in 1911, American gospel writer Charles Austin Miles composed the music for the Christian hymn Dwelling in Beulah Land – the same melody that is being used for this song today.
Lester B. Pearson
Death
Pearson died from liver cancer in Ottawa, Canada, aged 75.
Kula ring
Trade relationships
The Kula valuables are mainly traded for social status and recognition in the Island region. The people that an individual trades with become trusted trade partners, creating a strong, potentially life-long relationship between the exchange parties. These relationships need trust to be provided on both sides of the trade and also a mutual agreement of safety and support for each other.
God Bless Fiji
The lyrics (words) were written by Michael Francis Alexander Prescott. The Fijian version and the English version are not translations of each other, and the English version is used much more commonly.
In 2008, it was suggested that this anthem should be sung in Fijian, English and Fiji Hindi – the country's official languages – all in one piece.
Kula ring
Trade methods
Kula valuables are usually passed on to their trade partners after a certain amount of time, therefore the valuables are always moving around the Kula Ring. The person who originally owned the valuable has full ownership and rights over the item, so he can keep it, sell it or even break it. Every person who therefore receives the item, does not fully own it, as there is always a true owner. This creates a sense of responsibility over how the object is handled by other traders toward the original owner. However, the original owner is sometimes unknown, lost in the Kula Ring.
The rules of the Kula
The Kula valuables are rated by value and age and so are the relationships created through their exchange. Traders will often try to collect valuable and notorious Kula objects that will boost the status of the trader’s name in the Kula Ring. Kula Exchange is based on trust, strong social obligations and the cultural value system. Those who hold on too long to their Kula valuables gain a bad reputation in the system.
Social hierarchy
The Kula Exchange system determines many social hierarchies and authoritative positions among the trade islands. For example the chiefs living on the Trobriand Islands in the 1970s owned the most shells and also the most valuable shells. Therefore they were responsible for most of the organization and direction of the trade systems in their region. (The Trobrianders of Papua New Guinea (1988) by Annette B. Weiner) Also, the ten most influential men among all the islands control about 90 per cent of the Kula items. With this amount of control and competition, relationships between traders become fragile and ruined by manipulation and deceit. (Malinowski, B. (1920). "Kula; the Circulating Exchange of Valuables in the Archipelagoes of Eastern New Guinea". Man (Man, Vol. 20) 20: 97–105).
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