cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Tinzikk
Tiknnayyin
Gis g Tinzikk Snat Tiknnayyin, ar tt-yaẓallant s Ljahr.
Ẓṛ uggar
Taggayt:Asgd Taggayt:Lislam
Tasrtit
Tga tsertit taɣarast nna s skaren medden ddernin ɣ tegrawin tinaḍin (décisions). Tasertit tga-tt asemsasa ger medden fad ad afen ad myaddaren ɣ tegrawin, zund tiqbilin, timdinin, neɣ timizar. Ɣ tegrawin meqqurnin, zund timizar neɣ iwenkan (États), llan medden ittsalan taɣawsa-ad, midden-ad ar asen-nettini imsertiten, amagut n amserti. Afris (adjectif) n tsertit iga-t asertan/tasertant. Tazrawt (étude) n tsertit ɣ tesdawin isem-as tussna tasertant neɣ tasensertit, neɣ daɣ tizrawin tisertanin.
Ɣ tudert takuyasst, irem-ad n "tasertit" isnamk taɣarast s ttyawenbaḍent tmizar, d talli s ttyaweskaren isaḍufen d ilgamen.
Inna umesfelsaf agriki Aristot mas iga ufgan yan umuder asertan d is bahra mmezdayen itiken (éthiques) d tsertit.
Ɣ usegg°as n 1651, yura Thomas Hobbes Leviathan, yan udlis ɣef tsertit. Yura gis mas midden zdeɣnin ɣ tegrawin, ar sennefkan, ɣ tuggt n tikkal, kra ɣ izerfan nnsen s kra n ufrag zeɣ dar tenbaḍt.
Yura Nikolo Makiavelli mas tasertit tella s izwar fad yan ad iṭṭef adwas, yamẓ gis. Inna mas bla adwas, ur dar amɣar m'ad iskar.
Tasertit dar imaziɣen
Taggayt:Tasertit Taggayt:Tamassant
Taydrt n uswingm
Tga Taydrt n uswingm yat tmzgunt n taydrt n uswingm, n umara d umdyaz Lmsɛudi Muḥmmad s tutlayt tamaziɣt, tg zɣ tiẓṛigin n tzlɣa n tirra n imaratn s tmaziɣt. iffaɣ d usnflul asklan ad ɣ usggʷas n 2019.
Tga tmzgunt ad asnflul asklan wis sin dar umara, ig udlis n tmzgunt amṛwaṣu, isman udlis 90 n talɣa, ma ittggan 45 n tnfult, ilin t gis snat tmzgunin n wazzann, ttyarant s uskkil n tfinaɣ d uskkil n tlatinit.
Tawlaft n udmawn n udlis tẓli tnt tzlɣa n tirra n imaratn s tmaziɣt, tg i udm amzwaru aklu umlil ɣ llan kṛaḍ ijjign n tafukt, d yan ugḍiḍ, yili f udm amzwaru n udlis assaɣ n umara d tamatart n tzlɣa n tirra, ittyura fllas uzwl n tmzgunt s uskkil n tfinaɣ d uskkil alatini. ɣ udm wis sin, iṭṭf aklu azggʷaɣ, tili fllas tawlaft n umara, d twwuriwin nns tisnflulin, ili gis ula atig n udlis igan 30 n drhm.
Asktur n udlis
Snat tmzgunin ad fkan t i tskla tamaziɣt (taskla n umẓyan) yat tɣarast tamaynut ɣ tirra, ira zɣ gisnt umara ad iml i wazzan amaziɣ tannayt nns f tzdgi d tɣri, irarn as taɣḍft f kra n iskkinn lli ur ssnn illan addur.
Amara
vignette|Tawlaft n umara mass Lmsɛudi MuḥmmadAmara [[Lmsɛudi Muḥmmad]], ilul ɣ usggʷas n 1991 ɣ tmnaḍt n tmzgadiwin tasga n cicawa, g udwwaṛ n umdiɣr, iɣra tasusyulujit ɣ tsdawit g ugadir, ifk anzgum nns i tussna tamaziɣt d tutlayt nns, yara kigan n idlisn, yumẓn mnnawt tsmɣurin tinamurin, zɣ gisn tamzgunt n « taydrt n uswingm », lli yumẓn tasmɣurt n tskla tamaziɣt n usinag agldan n tussna tamaziɣt, ɣ usggʷas n 2020, ɣ anaw n tskla n umẓyan.
Imikk ɣ tmzgunin lli illan ɣ udlis
Ɣr imikk g yat tmzgunt zɣ tmzgunin lli illan ɣ usnflul ad amaziɣ Taydrt n uswingm:
Tamdlut n twwargit:
Adɣar:
Tamṣṛit tamẓẓyant, ɣ tlla tggurt tacmlalt, zund iɣ tga tiflut n yan umaḍal ur igin tadduyt nnɣ iggi n wakal. D
D snat tmawayin timẓẓyanin ar d zɣ gisn  ttaggʷan udmawn n imudar tikklit ar tayyaḍ.
Tawlaft n umzgun s ddikur nns d imassn d tɣawsiwin gis itrsn, kullu mayan ifka udm n yat tmazirt tamaziɣt ɣ tddr yat tfruxt tamaziɣt tabudrart yaqqran ɣ tinml tifawt idrusn, zund tifawt n utwan, ɣ tuẓẓumt n tmṣṛit ann tlla  yat  tgrtilt n waẓẓmay iɣzzifn, sswan  fllas kra n imssa uẓṭṭa, trsn fllasn kigan n urarn.
Ɣ tduli ttyagaln  kra n itran fawnin.
F tariwin ann n tmṣṛit, ttyagaln kigan n ihdumn n taḍu, d win lkttan iḍnin, wid inttln aṣmmiḍ ɣ tgrst. ɣ tama n tgrtilt n waẓẓmay ittrs yan ifrssi ɣ llan kra n ifckan n itqqi, ilin f iggi n imssa urarn. aklu n tariwin iga imɣdiddi ifssusn.
Akud: tadggʷat.
Udmawn:
Yunf usntl
Asddi amzwaru
Asanay amzwaru.
Tawssart, tggiwr ɣ  yat  tawẓut:
Tddr yat tafruxt tamẓẓyant, tga s wassaɣ Tanirt. tamẓẓyant ad tddr f iggi n yat  tmdlut  ilan  ikʷlan zund  win  taslit  n unẓaṛ.
Tkcm d Tanirt tamẓẓyant s ugʷns n tmṣṛit, tlsa timlsit nns tamaziɣt tazaykut, ar ttakʷi ɣ tuẓẓumt n tmṣṛit  tftu s iggi n tgrtilt  lli f  llan kigan n urarn,tggawr iggi n tgrtilt ar tturar.
Tawssart: Tanirt tḥml bahra iḍṣ, iɣ tfta s tinml tili mnid  n tslmadt nns ar ttwarga mqqar d tssuki  alln nns, tawwargit  n uzal. d zikk iɣ di tnkr ar tsawal  d urarn nns akud ggutn, ar asn ttalls i twwargiwin lli  tẓṛa ɣ iḍṣ nns, tawwargit  ifulkin  immimn. Tanirt ar  bahra tturar s tugtt n urarn....
Izdayn n bṛṛa
Taggayt:Taskla tamaziɣt Taggayt:Idlisn s tmaziɣt
10 (amḍan)
10 ( s Taɛrabt عشرة ) ( s Tafṛensist dix ) iga yan izwl
Marikan
thumb|Tamrikt Tamrikt neɣ Marikan iga yan umnẓaw ɣ idis ugafay (umalu) n umaḍal. Tebḍa f sin yeḥricen, Tamrikt n Ugafa d Temrikt n Wenẓul nɣ Iffus.
Aẓur n yism
Awal Tamrikt/Marikan ikka-d dar Amerigo Vespucci. Ism ad uran-t-id tikklt tamezwarut ɣ 25 Yebrir 1507 ɣ yat n tkarḍa tarakalant. Yessufɣ-itt-id yan uressam n tkarḍiwin, Almani Martin Waldseemüller ɣ Saint-Dié-des-Vosges, isemma amenẓaw amaynut America ilmend n Amerigo Vespucci, imsilel aṭelyani.
Tarakalt
Kanada, Iwunak Yedduklen, Groenland (Danmark), Meksik, Gwatimala, Salvador, Handuras, Kusta Rika, Panama, Kuba, Bermuda (Lingliz), Jamaika, Haiti, Republik n Dominik, Puerto Riko, Gwadilup,Martinik, Saint-Pierre ed Miquelon (Fransa), Tigzirin i India. Gwatimala, Belize, Honduras, Nicaragua, Kusta Rika , Salvadur, Panama Kolombi, Venezuela, Brazil, Tarjentint, Cili, Paraguay, Peru, Ikwador, Bolivia, Galapagos (Ekuator), Tigzirin n Falkland (Tabritanit Tameqrant), Tagwiwant, Surinam, Tagwinant Tafrensist (Fransa), Belize.
Isaɣuln
Taggayt:Imnẓawn
Ɛabdullah Baha
Tudrt
Ilul Baha ɣ 1954 ɣ yat tmazirt n Sus. Iɣra ɣ IAV lil ɣ iga amtwal zɣ 1979. Ikcm s ubṛlaman ɣ 2002 zɣ tarabbut n PJD. Immt ɣ 2014 acku yut t tran.
Taggayt:Imaziɣen
Bṛahim Lɛsri
Brahim Lɛsri Amaziɣ iga yan amara amaziɣ aclḥiy ar ittara s tutlayt taclḥit. Ilul ɣ Tarrast tama n Ugadir, ig yan ɣ willi sbiddnin amussu amaziɣ ɣ tsdawit n Ugadir (MCA) d wayyaw n tmsmunt Tamaynut ɣ Ugadir d Inzggan. Ikka tt inn ɣ ubiru n tmsmunt n tsdawit n unbdu.
Immatti s Bariz ɣ Fransa, yiws ɣinn ɣ tiddi n umussu amaziɣ, isbidd d imddukkal nns tamsmunt n Azamaziɣ. Yumẓ aḍiplum nns n DEA ɣ tanṭrupulujit tamadant ɣ EHEES. Iga ɣ taymunt n ssit akadimik n mondeberbere.com. Yiws ɣ usnmili n usays amaziɣ Anmuggar ɣ Rradyu Beur FM ɣ Bariz. Isnmala asays n Isaffn n idls ɣ Radio Plus ɣ Ugadir.
Issufɣ d ungaln Ijawwan n tayri d Isḍmal n tmagit d Tamɣra n uccann d Tadla n tullisin Aɛzri n tuẓẓumt d usuɣl n tmzgunt n Moliere Aṭbib mqqar t ur igi d Tadlist n ismawn imaziɣn, nttan d mas Karim Agnaw. Dars tugtt n isnfarn n usnflul (asuɣl, ungal, taskla n wazzann...).
Isaɣuln
Taggayt:Taskla tamaziɣt Taggayt:Amara
Tasga Tagmuḍant
thumb|Tasga Tagmuḍant Tasga Tagmuḍant nɣ Tasga n Ugmuḍ (s tifinaɣ : ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏⵜ) tga tt yat tsga zeɣ sin d mraw tasgiwin illan ɣ tmazirt n Lmɣrib.
Timnaḍin nns
Taggayt:Tasgiwin n Lmɣrib
Allah
Allah, g tutlayt taɛṛabt “الله” nttat ayd igan taguri taɛṛabt n wakuc. G tutlayt tachlḥit da tettbamak akuc g Lislam. Ittuɣal mas d tkka tguri “aṛṛabb”, tzdi g tsga tutlayant d tguri taṛamit (ila) d tsiryant ܐܲܠܵܗܵܐ (alaha) d tguri taɛibrit (Elohim) g unamk allah. vignette Ssmrsn waɛṛabn zg umzaray n isɣanen taguri n Allah zgmi izmaz man yad n lislam. Gan waɛṛabn yad n lislam tssumidn akuc amaflla, d kra n yakucn imẓyanen yaḍnin. Ssmrsn muḥmmd taguri n yakuc i tmuli dar armmus uslim xf aykuc. Ssmrsn imslmn (ɣas waɛṛabn), d udayn imsawaln s tɛṛabt s tudayt, d al ami irumiyyn waɛṛabn ism n " Allah" zun d ism "akuc" s umrira g tutlayt n tɛṛabt tidit. Tugt n waɛṛabn llin duln d imslmn. Kra n innazn itsmid asmrs nss s taɣarast ta, d mala ur igi s uẓlay, zg tafult ibabyyn d ibahayn d imandayn d irumiyyn indunsiyyin d imalṭiyn d udayn isifardyyn, d diɣ zg tafult agdud n ɣaɣuz. Ifra usmrs imiwi zg tafult n irumiyyn d isixyyn di zun tagumamt n malizya iḍfaṛn ɣr iknasn tasrtiyt d tazrfant.
Idaw Martin
Gan Ida Umartin (nɣ d ida umartini) yat tqbilt tawsust. gan ɣ tamunt n isaffn.
taqbilt ad tumi 15 n idwwarn, gan tn :
Amzruy
Ida umartin uckan d ɣ tmdunt n waqqa (tama n waqqa n ɣila), zund ukan tiqbilin n ida uknsus, ida ultit, d ilalln.
Isaɣuln
Taggayt:Sus
Walid Mimun
Mimoun Lwalid iga yan ɣ inazûr li mqqurnin n tasga n Arrif yattuyn, d yan ɣ inazurn n tmazirt Amṛṛuk. Walid Mimun nttan nit ayttaran timdyazinns.
Tamddurt
ilul ɣ usggas n 1959  ɣ Ayt Sidl  ɣ tama n Nadur. lliɣ imẓi ar ittlmad tamja yafn gis taḍifi idran n umarg n Arrif imḍi gis imik ɣ ubaɣur n tayssi n umarg d tiyyat tiqburin. Ɣinn aɣ d ittut, yasi d aɣdjaj ar ittnunuy ɣ igunsiwinns. mkan af akk ur iswangm, zund wiyyaḍ llid issar igwirar n tasdawit n fas lliɣ a yaqr taflsaft, ɣ imassn yaḍn nɣ iwaliwn yadn mas ittini tagudi d tɣlaɣalin n ugns syafan imawanen n tmurt. yasi tagitart d tamjja ar ittini s wawal nns aylli syafan nttini ɣ izdar. ur ikki uzmz yat s iɣ d isffaɣ tasfift nns tamzwarut ɣ usggas n 1980 issaɣ ajjajnɣ iggig. Ur tt ujjin inbadn ad ttnuz h ilzuzn mkli gis ittirir f tmukrisin tmtti tamrukiyt. Mayan nit aft ṭifn s uɣzu sfaɣnt dat uyyan ɣ tisdawit. Lliɣ d iffaɣ tsdawit, iggawr yan imik af ad ad isffaɣ tasfift yadn yusin asml n amêtluà (inejdi), ikk dagh iggi n mraw isggasn afad ad isffaɣ tasfift yadn (tayyut).
Ɣ usggas n 1991, idda s Hulanda iɣaman gis yan imik, siɣt yaɣ umarg n tmazirt yurrid ɣ usggʷas n 1994. Maca akal n Arrif ur sul izdar ad yamu tagudi d twargiwin nns. Mkan af yusi tagitart d tamjja iggadj ɣr Bljika ig gis amarir n imzwagn zund nttan.
Lwalid Amara
Lwalid Mimun iga ɣassa amarir, ar ittara tallasin d tmdyazin. Ɣ usggʷas n 1997 sffaɣnt tizrigin n Apulius (Afulay) ɣ Hulanda tadla n tallasinns tamzwarut : Tinfardjas.
Izdayn n berra
Taggayt:ⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ
Ɛbdullah Tukuna
Ɛbdullah Tukuna iga yan zɣ inazurn n Lmɣrib. Ittwassan s yism n "Frkus", as iskar tazuri n lfilm. Iga tta yan ugzzar imqqurn g Mrrakc.
Tudrt
Ilul Frkus ɣ 1965 ɣ Dmnat tama n Mrrakc.
Iskr mnaw laflam zund:
Idk
Idk nɣ itk nɣ awkk imidk iga yan usklu ittmɣin g idaden, imẓẓi g tiddi. Idek ur ayskar awd yan ugummu.
Tutlayt Tacawit
Tacawit nɣ Tawrasyant tga tutlayt nna s sawaln Icawiyn ɣ tsga n Awras ɣ tmazirt n Dzayr. Tkka-d Tacawit tawja n tutlayin timaziɣin.
Idk
Isaɣuln
Taggayt:Asklu Taggayt:Tasnaddagt
Tutlayt Tacawit
Lwilayat nna ɣ tettyusawal tutlayt-ad gan-tnt: Tabatnt, Xnclt, Suq Ahras, Um Lbwaqi, Tbssa, Qsnṭina, tiɣawinin ɣ unẓul n Sṭif d umur n ugafa n tmaẓlayt (tawilayt) n Tbskrt.
Tinidlisn
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Isaɣuln
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11 (amḍan)
11 yan d mraw ( s Taɛrabt احدى عشر ) ( s Tafṛensist onze ) iga yan izwl
Tutlayt Tacawit
Ɣaylli sis izdin
Taggayt:Tutlayin timaziɣin
Bujumbura
Tga Bujumbura tamaẓunt n tmazirt n Burundi. Zedɣen-tt 235.440 n yimezdaɣen. Nettat ay-gan tamdint akk imqqurn ɣ Burundi.
Isaɣuln
Taggayt:Tafriqt
Ɛbdullah Acini
Ɛbdullah Acini  ia yan unazur amaziɣ imqqurn ilul ɣ usas ɣ tamazirt n Libya, ia Ɛbdullah Acini yan itmaɣn f tutlayt tamaziɣt isffaɣd tuut n tisfifin isawaln f tamait. Ɣilad illa ɣ ubniq ɣ libya tiira lliɣ yixs ɣ yan unmuqqar n uzawan ɣ tamazirt n Tizirin Tiknariyin.
Tlla trabbut ad ɣ iɣerm n Zwara da ituyssanen er imezdaɣen nes s wassaɣ n "Tamurt". Yusi εabdullah εcini d ayt trabbut nes, anezum n tutlayt d idels amaziɣ, ar tiriren s tutlayt tamaziɣt mqar tt idel usennaraf (dictateur) alibi.
Iɣra εcini aẓawan, iwattes ad isers tiɣri d tarmit nes ubrid n usmaynu n umar d Uzawan amaziɣ alibi.
Tesmun "Ussan" iεerrimen imaziɣen da irban anezum d tiwariwin am : εli Fṭis, εabd Rauf Bunduq, εimad Lɣamisi, Ramzi Lɣali, Ḥasaniya Leεzabi d εliyin Salem. Tiwes terabbut Ussan unmuar n Tafswit  Dzayr  2004, d anmuar amaḍlan n uẓawan amazih  Tizirin tiknariyin 2006, mac anebbaḍ alibi yuweɣ (interdire) "Ussan" xef umuddu s unmugar ageragɣlan n tizlit tamaziɣt ɣ Ṭanja 2006, d issurda (accuser) ayt terabbut s ticcufert (hérésie). Immagɣ unebbaḍ asennaraf alibi d imawasen nes ɣ tegduda n tillas ad bbin iles n εabdullah εcini s uzlan n tiεεurba, sfissen agerḍ nes, deln afrak nes s waddal n uẓeddum (tinuraf : injustice), mac mmis n Cicung ur yugad ara isufa n tillas d isekraf n tinuraf.
Mac, imakern n tifawt luḥen-d tikkelt yaḍen addal n tillas f izenẓaren n timmuzɣa, amẓen anaẓur εabdullaɣ εcini s isasan n tenzzarfut (la justice) takucamt talibit, tizi da s tesselsa talumest (accusatiɛn) n tamestagt n inig awarazerf (immigratiɛn illégale), tenkeḍ fell-as s semmus iseggasen n ugɣzu, acku ar itirir s tutlayt tamaziɣt.
Issenta unaẓur εabdullaɣ εcini asalag n utci (grève de la faim) seg uɣzu, ḥuma ad iselkem agerḍ n tilelli i y imaran n tderfit d tenzzarfut ɣ umaḍal, iselkem awed tabrat n yan unaẓur amaziɣ anekruf ɣ tesraft n : "tagduda" "taεrabt" talibit "taɣerfant" "tanmalayt" "tanemɣurt"
Isaɣuln
Taggayt:Tameddurt Taggayt:Aẓawan
Alugaritm agaman
thumb|325x325px|Alugaritm anipiri Iga Alugaritm agaman nɣ Alugaritm anipiri (s tanglizt : Natural logarithm) yat tsɣnt bahra ittyusann ɣ tusnakt. Ar tsnfal tasɣnt ad afaris s tmrnit zun d tisɣnin ilugaritmiyn yaḍnin. Ar tt nttara s mk ad : \ln.
Amzruy
Alugaritm ad dars yan yism yaḍn ad t igan d "anipiri". Ism ad ikka d John Napir, yan umusnak askatlandi, amskar amzwaru n tflwit talugaritmiyt (tmzaray f talli nssn).
Tettyawskar tazmilt n ulugaritm zɣ dar Grégoire de Saint-Vincent d Alphonse Antonio de Sarasa ɣ usggʷas n 1649.
Isnmal
Ad tili, nzḍar ad nini mas d asnml n tsɣnt talugaritmiyt iga tt unrar lli illan ɣ izddar n tsɣnt n gr a d 1. Ar tt nttara s tɣarast ad: thumb|Tasɣnt talugaritm tga unrar lli illan ɣ izddar n tasɣnt gr a d 1.
Tṭṭaf tasɣnt talugaritmiyt aydatn kullu tn n tsɣnin tilugaritmin.
Nzḍar ad nml ayad s tibḍit n uɣrd lli f nsawl ɣ umzwaru s snat tfulin ɣ akud ann nɣrd s usnfl n umutti x = ta ɣ tfult tiss snat, zun d mk ad:
Aydatn
thumb|264x264px|Tasɣnt n ulugaritm agaman
Taɣlalt d tsbk n tasɣnt n ulugaritm agaman
Zɣ aylli izrin ar nttafa mas d tasɣnt tlla ɣar ɣ uzilal , nzḍar ad tt nzllm ɣ ammas n uzilal ad nit d:
S ɣikAd tilia ln tasɣnt tamaɣlalt ɣ uzilal, acku tazllumt nns tga tumnigt rad nini ma sd ln tga tasɣnt igmmn ɣ ammas uzilal
Timhal f tasɣnt n ulugaritm agaman
Ad tg f yat tsɣnt s a d x sin imḍann umnign. Tazllumt nns tga tazllumt nit n ulugaritm agaman, ilmma:
Zɣ uyda yad rad naf aydatn ddaw as:
Iɣ iga n amḍan waxiḍ:
Amawal
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Isaɣuln
Taggayt:Tusnakt Taggayt:Tussna Taggayt:Tanzeggant
Tasga n Bni Mllal-Xnifra
Bni Mllal-Xnifra ( s tifinaɣ : ⴱⵏⵉ ⵎⵍⵍⴰⵍ-ⵅⵏⵉⴼⵔⴰ ) tgat yat tsga zɣ sin d mraw tasgiwin illan ɣ tmazirt n Lmɣrib.
Imzdaɣ ɣ timnaḍin n tsga
Ar aɣ tmmal taflwit ad umḍan n imzdaɣ ɣ kraygat tamnaḍt n tsga:
Tamhazt n mnck n imzdaɣ
Ar aɣ tmmal taflwit ad tamhazt n umḍan n imzdaɣ ɣ tsga:
Ɣaylli sis izdin
Taggayt:Tasgiwin n Lmɣrib
Aman
thumb|Ifrḍ, d trga nwaman, d issafn ay twattas imudar d ibuxxucn irin gis tissi waman. Gan Waman ablulu akk iggutn ɣ iggi n Wakal. Dn 70% n wudn n wakal.
Aman ɣusnin, ur darsn taḍfi, tujjut, ula aklu. gan ɣ txssa n ufgan imqqurn 65 %, dar wazzan 75 %, dar ubijju n krad yirn 95 %. Gan iggi n wakal 70 % ilin gis 97 % n waman malḥnin d 3 % mmimnin. ɣ twuriwin n takrura ar nsawal f talɣa H2O macc ɣwid gan aman ɣusnin ur gisn kra tn issṛiẓn. Gin waman yat tɣawsa lli isfsayn kraygat anaw n lmεdn niɣ aẓru. Mac aman lli nttafa ɣ iggi n wakal ur jju gin tanga iɣusn 100% illa bdda gis imik n zɣ tangiwin yaḍnin.
Aman n tissi
Aman n tissi gan aman ɣusnin, lli faɣn irkan. Gin i tissi d tiram nu afgan wala imuḍar.
Ẓr ula
Taggayt:Tarakal
Ɛica Ccnna
Ɛica Ccnna (nɣ Ɛica Eccnna; Tlul g 14 Ɣuct 1941 Ḍaṛṭ Tlalit g Tigmmi Tumlilt, tmmut ass n 25 Cutambir 2022) tga yat tmɣart tamɣrib iswwrayn g igr n wamun, tg ula tamstant (talmuḥamit) ittnzbayn f izrfan n tmɣaṛt, tg ula tamɣnast tazrfant. Tga tansmagalt (tafrmlit), tssnti (tbda) tawwuri ns g Tamawast n tdusi (Lmɣrib), ar tt-aws i timɣarin ilan timukrisin tinamunin (timɣarin ur ittyaqqbaln g lmujtamaɛ). G 1985, tsrs tirsal n yat tmsmunt tamɣribit Tamsmunt tawtmant n twizi, tamsmunt ad ittawsn timɣarin ittyawatn nɣ timɣarin s grn irgazn nsnt, nɣ timɣarin s igr wamun. Ccnna tiwi (tfuz) s tugt n tsmɣurin tinfganin, acku tfka ma iggutn i tmɣart, sgitsnt tasmɣurt n 2009 Opus Prize (gis 1 mlyun Ḍulaṛ).
Burundi
thumb|250px|Takarṭat n Brundi
Burundi tga yat zɣ tmizar n tfriqt n ugmuḍ tili s yism Tagdudant n Brundi (s tabrundit : Kirundi Republika). Dars 27.834 km2. Zdɣn gis 6.373.002 n imezdaɣn. Tamaẓunt nns tga tt tmdint n Bujumbura. Burundi tiwi azarug nns ɣ useggas n 1962. Tamazirt ad ur tlli f iggi n kra n yilel mac illa gis yan umda n waman imqqurn bahra. Ssutlnt as swuttun dis timizar n Tagdudant Tadimukratit n Kungu, Ṛwanda, Ṭanzanya.
Aẓawan
thumb|300px|Tawuri yad ar tmmal f uẓawan d imasn ns Aẓawan iga yat taẓuri lli ismun wal nqṭ n imasn n umarg zund ribab, luṭar, tallunt, lgiṭar, talεwwadt, ganga d imasn yaḍn.
Amzruy
Aẓawan imund d tudert n ufgan ur nẓḍar ad n nna wala nssin managu izwar ula yufa ufgan taẓuṛi yad. Mac nẓḍar ad n nna masd afgan ar isflid d ar ittannay mad ittmussun ɣ tamans ar iswingim f mammu itslla d ar ttiri, yarm ad askr zun lḥs lli mmu itslla.
Anaw n uẓawan
Kraygat iɣrm niɣd agmmaḍ wala tamazirt tuyssan s yan wanaw nu uẓawan ns. Mac illa uẓawan lli iffuɣn tamazirt ns s tmizar yaḍn ig win umaḍlan.
Ẓṛ uggar
Taggayt:Aẓawan
Tasga n Ddaxla-Asif n Wurɣ
thumb|Tasga n Ddaxla-Asif n Wurɣ Ddaxla-Asif n Wurɣ ( s tifinaɣ : ⴷⴷⴰⵅⵍⴰ-ⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵔⵖ ) tgat yat tsga zeɣ sin d mraw tasgiwin illan ɣ tmazirt n Lmɣrib.
Timnaḍin nns
Taggayt:Tasgiwin n Lmɣrib
12 (amḍan)
12 sin d mraw ( s Taɛrabt اثنى عشرة ) ( s Tafṛensist douze ) iga yan izwl
Viktuṛ Higu
Fikṭuṛ-Mari Hugu, (s tfransist : Victor-Marie Hugo) ilul ɣ 26 bṛayr 1802 ɣ Buzanṣu, Fransa, immut ɣ 22 mayu 1885 ɣ Bariz. Iga yan umara bahra ittawssan, yura timzgunin d tmdyazt d ungaln. Iga ula asrtiy, d ukadimisya afransis. Iga yan umara aṛumantik axatar n tutlayt tafransist.
Iga amara axatar n tskla tafransist n tasuta tiss tẓa d mraw XIX, d amdyaz alirik d timdyazin zund Odes et Ballades (1826), Les Feuilles d'Automne (1832) nɣ Les Contemplations (1856). Itwassn ɣ tmizar n brra f ungaln yura zund Notre Dame de Paris (1831) nɣ Les Misérables (1862). Ɣ umzgun yura Hernani (1830) d Ruy Blas (1838).
tuddrt nns
150px|thumb|Fikṭuṛ Hugu ɣ tmẓi nns Iga Fikṭuṛ Hugu arraw wiss kṛaḍ imẓẓiyn n Lyubuld Sijisbir Hugu (1773-1828) d Ṣufi Tribbuci (1772-1821).
Izdɣ Fikṭuṛ Hugu ɛalayin tuddrt nns tkml ɣ fṛanṣa. Ɣ uzmz n tgldit imqqurn n Nabulyu wIII izzug ɣ Bljika, Bruksil uca g usgg°as n 1852 innaql ɣar jirzi mani iqqim ar 1855, d asgg°as idda ad izdɣ i grnzi ar 1870 uca idwl din jar 1872 d 1873.
zat tlalit nns, jṛan waṭṭas n imjṛitn am tgrawla tafṛanṣiṣt n 1789, asbddi n tgdudant tamzwarut ar unggaru nns, tagldit tamqqrant tamzwarut n fṛanṣa n nabulyu. idwl nabulyu d agllid amqqran sin isgg°asn zat n tlalit n fikṭuṛ hugu. zat ad ɣrs yilin tam d mraw isgg°asn, iẓṛa arrn ayt burbun i tgldit n fṛanṣa.
yuwi adil fuci i 1822, ijj usgg°as zffar ad tmmut yimmas. mmemitsn amzwaru lyubuld (ilulln i 1823) immut d amẓẓyan. tuɣa ɣrs i hugu kuẓ n warbatn nniḍn : lyubuldin (28 ɣuct 1824), carl (4 nuwanbir 1826), franswa-fikṭuṛ (28 kṭubr 1828) d adil (24 ɣuct 1830).
isufɣ hugu ungal nns amzwaru Han d'Islande i 1823, wiss sin kṛaḍ isgg°asn  i ḍfrn Bug Jargal, 1826. uca i sufɣ smmus n yidlisn n tmdyazt (Les Orientales, 1829; Les Feuilles d'Automne,1831; Les Chants du crépuscule, 1835; Les Voix intérieures, 1837; d Les Rayons et les ombres, 1840).
Idgl
thumb|Tasklut n idgl
Viktuṛ Higu
tuddrt nns
ilsq dis unzgum i tmttant n yillis tamqqrant lyubuldin. tmutt umi ɣrs 19 isgg°asn, di 1843, cwayt zffar urar nns. yuwyit yiɣzar n lasin (bariz). ula argaz nns immut tuɣa iqqs ad t ikks zg waman. lla yusid unɣmis n tmttant n yillis g ijj uɣmis, ntta tuɣa yilla g yiffus n fṛanṣa ntta tuɣa iqqim ɣar yijj n qahwa. yura ict n tmdyazt À Villequier mani isawl ɣf unzgum nns d lḥzn nns :
Idgl
Asklu n idgl neɣ (s taɛrabt : شجرة الأرز), iga yan usklu amqqran ittilin g taganin n tmnaḍin ikrmen, zund taganin illan g waṭlaṣ amẓẓay.
Idgl n Guru
thumb|Idgl n Guru ɣ 2011 idgl n guru iga yan Idgl ikkan 800 n usggʷas tama n tmdint n Uẓru. Immut ɣ usggʷas n 2003. Yucka d yism n yidgl ad zɣ yism n ujiniral afransis Henri Gouraud nna tt nn ikkan inbḍ tasga n Fas ɣ uzmz n usdurri afransis ɣ Lmɣrib. Ila 40 mitru ɣ tɣzi (yili mad ittinin 42 m).
Idgl
Tagant tamqqrant n idgl tlla g iɣerman n Ifran d Uẓru.
Viktuṛ Higu
tuddrt nns
yura aṭṭaṣ n tmdyazin zffar tmttant n yills, ɣf wanaw nni ict n tmdyazt i twassnn xf yin nniḍn qqarnas Demain dès l'aube, mani itals umi igg°r ad iẓṛ amḍl n yillis.
Arratn nns
100px|thumb|tafrist n kuzit (Cosette), Les Misérables n imil bayar (Émile Bayard)'' (1862) am waṭṭaṣ n yimaratn imẓẓyann n uzmz nns, i ḍfaṛ franswa-runi du catubrya (François-René de Chateaubriand) i twassnn s waṭṭaṣ g wanaw n tskla n uṛumantism, nnta d amara axatar n tskla g umzwaru n tasuta wXIX. di tmẓi nns tuɣa iqqs hugu ad yili am "catubrya niɣ walu", uca tigga tuddrt nns am igga catubrya. am nnta, iḍfaṛ amussu n uṛumantism, yudf di tsrtit g umulli n tgdudant, s wuyni izzwa bssif zg tmurt nns. umi yura adlis n tmdyazin Odes et poésies diverses di 1822, tuɣa ɣrs i hugu 22 isgg°asn, tuɣa iticcas lwi XVIII tiɣrad tagldant. maca d adlis isufɣ kuẓ isgg°asn zffar wnni, Odes et Ballades i mln hugu d amdyaz amqqran. ungal amzwaru yattuyn Le dernier jour d'un condamné (ass angaru n yijj umuẓir) ifɣ g 1829 mani itticc amnad nns xf tmukrisin tinuman, ḍfṛn t imaratn am albir kamu, carl dikns d fyuḍuṛ ḍuṣṭuyufski. maca ungal azgrar amxwaru isufɣ i 1831 d Notre-Dame de Paris. ibda hugu ad yari ijj ungal ɣf tamara d urkk°id g umzwaru n isgg°asn n 1830 maca yissi 17 isgg°asn alami i sufɣ Les Misérables. d ungal itwassnn s waṭṭaṣ g umaḍal, fɣnt zgs tikssuyin n usinima, tilifizyun d tmsult. g ungal Les Travailleurs de la mer(ixdamn n yill), 1866,, ijja hugu anaw n tsrtit, itals dgs imnɣi n bnadm akd yill. idwl ɣar tsrtit akd L'Homme qui rit (argaz iḍṣṣan), 1869.
Tudrt tasrtiyt
120px|thumb|Hauteville House, taddart n fikṭuṛ hugu umi iẓwa ɣr grnizi. zffar kṛaḍ n yistayn n ukadimi afṛanṣiṣ nbla walu, yimsti tiklt tiss kuẓ g 1841, igga amkan nns g umaḍal n tẓuṛi d tskla. idwl g 1845 abir n fṛanṣa (agmam n wagraw amqqran) mani isawl ɣf anqaḍ n tmttant.
g uzmz n tgldit tamqqrant tiss snat, yudf dg tuzlt n nabulyu wIII g bruksil uca dg jrzi d grnizi i taddart nns Hauteville House. isufɣ din Les Châtiments (1853), timdyazin ɣf tuzlt nns zg nabulyu wIII.
Idgl
Asklu n idgl ittwassn sers Lmɣrib d tmazirt n Lubnan.
Idgl n Guru
Isaɣuln
Taggayt:aẓru
Idgl
Anawn n idgl :
Taggayt:Asklu
13 (amḍan)
13 kṛaḍ d merraw ( s Taɛrabt ثلاثة عشرة ) ( s Tafṛensist treize ) iga yan izwl
Tinɣir
Tga Tinɣir (s tifinaɣ: ⵜⵉⵏⵖⵉⵔ) yat tmdint imẓẓyn illan ɣ wammas agmuḍan n tgldit n Lmɣrib, tlla ɣ tmazirt n Usammr, twala i tsga n Dṛɛa-Tafilalt ɣ uzaɣar n Tudɣa ar tuffɣa n Waṭlas Mqqurn tama n udrar n Saɣru.
Aẓur n yism
Ikka d yism n Tinɣir tutlayt tamaziɣt. Ig asmun n sin tguriwin ad tnt igan : Tin + Iɣir, s unamk n Adɣar n udrar
Imzdaɣ
Ar ittini usidn lli ittuyskar ɣ usggwas n 2004 mas tiɣrmt ad zdɣn gis uggar n 41 984 n middn. Akk imzdaɣn n tiɣrmt ad gan imaziɣn, ar sawaln akk gratsn s Tamaziɣt n waṭlas anammas mac ar aqqran tutlayt nnsn taclḥit. Ɣ tsgiwin ann lli ɣ tlla tmdint ad, zdɣnt tiqbilin timaziɣin zund Ayt Ɛṭṭa ɣ iffus nns, Ayt Mrɣad ɣ ugmuḍ, Ayt Ḥdidu ɣ ugafa d Ayt Yaflman.
Asnmkta
Ar ittini usiḍn lli ittyuskar ɣ usggʷas n 2014 mas :
Ɣaylli sis izdin
Taggayt:Timdinin n Lmɣrib Taggayt:Taɣrma
Butagant
Ilf nɣ Butagant iga yan g imudar n lxla, ar ittzdaɣ g tagant d idrarn.
Ilf iskr kkuẓ n iḍaṛn, ar ictta tuga, ar itddr s tagmrt g tagant.
Taggayt:Imudar
Taɣnja
vignette|Tazzanin usin Taɣnja Tga tslit n unẓaṛ nɣ taɣnja yat tmyurt lli yutn s iẓuṛan ɣ umzruy, d tussna n imaziɣn tasutin f tasutin. tg tamyurt lli ittidrasn imikk s imikk, ar tettafuḍ zɣ gr tmyurin n umaziɣ.
Lmsɛudi Muḥmmad
vignette|tawlaft n Lmsɛudi Muḥmmad amara d umdyaz amrruki
Taɣnja
Tettyawssan tmyurt n tslit n unẓaṛ (taɣnja) ɣ wakal n tmazɣa akkʷ, tɣama tga tamyurt n middn imaziɣn isawaln tamaziɣt, awd wid tɛṛṛbnin izdɣn ɣ tsggiwin n tmazɣa isawaln ddarija.
Lmsɛudi Muḥmmad
Lmsɛudi Muḥmmad amara d umdyaz amrruki, ilul g usggʷas n 1991 ɣ udwwaṛ n Umdiɣr g tsga n tɣiwant n Tmzgadiwin, illan g tqbilt n Ilbnsirn tasga n Imi n Tanut, Cicawa.
Taɣnja
tga tmyurt n tslit n unẓaṛ yat tmyurt bahra igan tazaykut izdin d usgd d tuttra n unẓaṛ, ar tt id kttin imaziɣn ɣ tizi ɣ izwa wakal, drusn waman, inɣ irifi tayrza awd isskʷla, awd imudar d ufgan.
Maɛṭub Lunas
Meɛṭub Lwennas ilul ɣ usggas n 1956 ɣ taddart n tawrirt n Musa ɣ At Dwala, ɣ Dzayr. Meɛṭub Lwennas iga yan umdyaz imqqurn d amɣnas amaziɣ aqbayli. Nɣant ɣ 25 yunyu 1998 ɣ uɣaras n At Dwala.
Taɣnja
mmrwasnt tɣarasin lli sa zzrayn imaziɣn tamyurt n tslit n unẓaṛ (taɣnja ) ɣ wakal n tmazɣa akkʷ, idrus uẓilal ngr tamyurt n kra n udɣar d tayyaḍ illan ɣ usga yaḍnin.
Maɛṭub Lunas
Ussan imggura
Taggayt:ⴰⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍⵉⵢ Taggayt:ⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ
Taɣnja
tamyurt ad zmmimn tt kigan n idlisn n imaratn n umzruy, d tsusyulujit, d tussna, d tskla. bdrn s uzuzzr anawn n tfugliwin, d tɣarasin sa zzrayn imaziɣn tamyurt ad, ẓlin ngr tmyurt d tayyaḍ ɣ tmnaḍin n tmazɣa, fsin timatarin n (mythe) lli dis tusi tamyurt ad n taɣnja.
Lmsɛudi Muḥmmad
Ig asdawi ɣ tmassanin tasusyulujiyin g tsdawit n Ibn Zuhr g Ugadir.
Taɣnja
Anamk n yism
Tislit n unẓaṛ ɣ tutlayt Tamaziɣt ism n twtmt, tg tslit ɣ tmyurt ad ɣ dar imaziɣn tamatart n wakal, zdin tt d unẓaṛ.
Anẓaṛ iga ɣ dar imaziɣn dat n tlalit akuc n waman, ar ttinin imaziɣn aman n unẓaṛ. ig unẓaṛ ɣ tamyurt n tɣnja amatar n ignna.
Lmsɛudi Muḥmmad
Isaɣuln
Taggayt:Amara Taggayt:Amdyaz
Butllis
Butllis iga yat tmaḍunt, ittadjan afgan awr isaqqul s twallin ns g iyyd, neɣ ar as ittudu iẓri g iyyḍ.
Taɣnja
Anamk n yism
Taɣnja: aɣnja n ukccuḍ mqquṛn, ɣ tmyurt n tɣnja n unẓaṛ (taslit n unẓaṛ) ar zdayn aɣnja d uɣanim iɣzzifn iḍnin, sslsn as timlsit n tslit ilan kigan n ikʷlan, agʷln as tizṛza n nqqṛt.
Tamyurt ad n tslit n unẓaṛ tga  asskti/akttay, n tmɣra lli tbdr tmacahut, lliɣ stahln middn yat trbit tafalkayt i unẓaṛ, sslsn i tslit ɣ akud ann timlsa iṛcmn s kigan n ikʷlan. tg tmyurt ad ula tuttra n middn i wakuc n waman, ḥma ad d ikti  akal s imikk n unẓaṛ.
Anẓaṛ iga ɣ dar imaziɣn urta tlli tlalit akuc n waman, ar tt inin imaziɣn aman n unẓaṛ. ig unẓaṛ ɣ tamyurt n tɣnja amatar n ignna.
Taɣnja yan uɣnja n ukccuḍ mqquṛn, ɣ tmyurt n tɣnja n unẓaṛ (taslit n unẓaṛ) ar zdayn aɣnja d uɣanim iɣzzifn iḍnin, sslsn as timlsit n tslit ilan kigan n ikʷlan, agʷln as tizṛza n nqqṛt. Tamyurt ad n tslit n unẓaṛ tga asskti/akttay, n tmɣra lli tbdr tmacahut, lliɣ stahln middn yat trbit tafalkayt i unẓaṛ, sslsn i tslit ɣ akud ann timlsa iṛcmn s kigan n ikʷlan. tg tmyurt ad ula tuttra n middn i wakuc n waman, ḥma ad d ikti akal s imikk n unẓaṛ.
Aẓuṛ n yism
Nnan imrzutn lli isiggiln s uẓuṛ n tmyurt ad n tslit n unẓaṛ, mas tssfal s yat tmacahut iluln ɣ idurar n lawras (ɣ dzayr). tili tddr ɣ ils n umaziɣ zɣ tasutin nn yaggugn ar ɣilad. bdrn tt middn ɣ tmazɣa akkʷ. Tssfal tmacahut s tayri n wakuc n waman (anẓaṛ), lliɣ iẓṛa yat trbit tafalkayt illis n idurar n lawras, ar tturar ɣ waman n wasif tḥml bahra aman, ar tssirid udm nns, d ifassn nns, d iḍaṛn nns, iẓṛ tt iḥml tt. tarbit tga s ism (taslit). yiri unẓaṛ tafruxt ad, tjdr tayri nns ul nns, iggʷz d unẓaṛ zɣ ignwan s wakal, isiggl tt i litihal, macc taslit tugit, tksuḍ ayt tqbilt nns, waxxa t ukan tra awd nttat. Lliɣ tugi tislit anẓaṛ s litihal, iɣama unẓaṛ akud ann iddr ɣ unkkid, tili tcaga ɣ ul nns, ittu akal, ibbin unẓaṛ f tudrt ɣ iggi wakal. inɣ irifi middn, izu wakal, drusn waman, ili fad iggutn ɣ isskʷla d tayrza d imudar, tɣuf tudrt. Taslit awd nttat mmṛẓgn ussan nns, ssutrn tt middn ad tahl s unẓaṛ (akuc n waman), tiri mayan s tumrt ggutn. Lliɣ ilkm wass n tmɣra, sslsan i tslit timlsa ɣ llan kigan n ikʷlan, agʷln as iẓṛẓa n nqqṛt d tzbgatin n urɣ, iggʷz d unẓaṛ zɣ ignwan issusmt wass ann, itahl tt yawi tt ɣlin s ignwan, tṛẓm tagut i waman ili unẓaṛ isu wakal, tbuɣlu tudrt. Ttyawssan tmyurt n tslit n unẓaṛ, ɣ tmazɣa akkʷ, ɣ ku tamnaḍt, illa ma ɣ ttyawssan s taɣnja, ili maɣ tssn middn s taɣnja awd taslit n unẓaṛ, tga tamyurt ad tuttra n unẓaṛ. Ɣ kra iga tt adwwaṛ niɣ taqbilt ar tt mun yat trabbut n ifrax mẓẓin d tmɣarin d trbatin, zdin aɣnja mqquṛn d uɣanim iɣzzifn sslsn as timlsit n tslit asin tt ar sis tkkan adwwaṛ tigʷmma d iswak ar tt amẓn tawfkiwin zɣ dar middn, ar tn tṛuccn middn s waman, iɣ smunn tawfkiwin zɣ dar imzdaɣ ddun ssutln taɣnja n unẓaṛ i igʷrramn, ar smurign izlan s tmaziɣt niɣ dd s ddarija. kra iga tt tamazirt iẓli izli lli ttinint tmɣarin ass ann, macc izlan akkʷ gan tuttra i ṛbbi ad asn d ifk anẓaṛ. ddun s iggi n kra n twrirt illa ɣ tama n kra n wasif, niɣ kra n trga, niɣ tamda n waman niɣ dd kra ifri, srsn isggʷi n twafkiwin, ssnun t tmɣarin tagʷlla n uwrrn n uznbu niɣ ibrin n usngar niɣ win tmẓin, niɣ iɣ umsn t abattal. ccn middn drun tirmt n tmyurt n wass ann, ssutrn t tmɣarin d tazzanin zɣ bab n ignwan d wakal ad asn d ifk anẓaṛ, ibuɣlu wakal tzddig tudrt. Kra iga tt tamazirt tẓli tɣarast nns ɣ tmlsit lli sslsan i tɣnja, d wanawn n tiram ssnwan, d idɣarn n tmyurt. macc tamyurt tga yat ɣ dar imaziɣn akkʷ ɣ wakal n tmazɣa.
Izlan n tlɣnja
Kra n izlan tt inin t tmɣarin d trbatin, ɣ wass n taslit n unẓaṛ iɣ usin t taɣnja, ɣ tqbilt n ilbnsirn: Tlɣnja n ayt ṛbbi Walli izzgan ifk aman Ṛẓm d a tagut i waman Gan t tmẓin asaɣur Anẓaṛ a baba ṛbbi Ad mɣint tmẓin Lkmnt admr n wayyis. Kra n izlan tt inin t tmɣarin d trbatin, ɣ wass n taslit n unẓaṛ iɣ usin t taɣnja, ɣ tqbilt n umzzu g hwaṛa : تاغنجا تاغنجا ياربي تجيب الشتا تاغنجا الليلة يجيب شتا بلا كلة اسبولة عطشانة غيتها يا مولانا تاغنجا حلت راسها ياربي فك خراسها Kra n izlan tt inin t tmɣarin d trbatin, ɣ wass n taslit n unẓaṛ iɣ usin t taɣnja, ɣ tqbilt n tunfit g laṭlaṣ: Ay anẓaṛ ay anẓaṛ A ttut a yamnta g udrar Am usggʷas izrin Zzizzl ax iɣzran Ay anẓaṛ ay anẓaṛ Han tmurt atta ha tqquṛ Hat izri ɣifs wayyur Aɣinna iga ingr iɣzran A ṛbbi hat inɣax fad n waman.
Ssn uggar
vignette Ssfld i ludyu ad mp3, tugga n yat tmɣart igan illis n tqbilt n ilbnsirn adwwaṛ n umdiɣr: jmiɛa uttcɛibt, 50 n usggʷas ɣ uwtay nns, tsawl f tmyurt n tslit n unẓaṛ:
Isaɣuln
Taggayt:Imaziɣn Taggayt:Tamyurt
Masinisa
thumb|Amḍl n Masinisa ɣ Dzayr (Gasmi, 2004) Masinisa nɣ Masnsn iga yan ugllid amaziɣ, ig agllid amzwaru n tgldit n Numidya. Ɣ umzwaru iga anssixf n umqqun n tqbilin n Massily. Dffir n umnɣi abuniqi wiss sin, isman imasiliyn d imasisiliyn ɣ yat tgldit, tin Numidya. Ilul ɣ 238 D.Ɛ immt ɣ 148 D.Ɛ.
Masinisa iga yadlli argaz idusn. ar ittmaɣ f tmazirt nns ar tigira n tudrt nns. ittyussan s tnka n iysan d ufrag d tayri n tmazirt nns. Lliɣ yumz tanbaḍt, yufa masinissa kigan n tmnaḍin n tmazirt nns g ifassn n usdurri n iruminiyn d Ayt Qrṭaj. Ḍarat n kigan n imnɣan, ismun timnaḍin ad, ismun tnt nn ɣ yat tgldit taxatart. Isɣuda Masinissa tudrt n ugdud nns. Isbuɣlu tadamsa n tgldit nns s ussimɣr n ufars n imndi d uzatim d idqqi. Issugt inyalkamn imzzizayn d tmizar yaḍn. Anaruz n Masinissa: tilelli d tamunt n tfriqt n ugafay. Llig immut g usggʷas 148 D.T n ɛisa, iskr as ugdud nns yan usmḍl imqqurn g tmnaḍt n yiɣrm n Qssṭanṭin. Ittyussan bahra Masinissa amzwaru s uwnni nns: «Tafriqt i ayt tfriqt».
Masinisa iga iwis n umɣar Gaya lli yumẓn taqbilt n imasiliyn (Massylii s tlatint). Inkr d ɣ tmazirt n Qaṛṭaj lli ibddn d babas Gaya. Ɣ umzwaru n umnɣi abuniq wiss sin, yuws Masinisa i Qṛṭaj ɣ yimiɣ nns d Sifaks, agllid n imasisiliyn lli yumẓn ataram n Numidya (Dzayr ɣil ad). Sifaks yuws yadlli i iṛumiyn. Yumẓ Masinisa yat tsrdast n inumidiyn, nttat d kra n taggalin n twisi zɣ Qaṛṭaj. Awtay n Masinisa ur izri 17 n usggʷas lliɣ idra ɣ umnɣi ad, irnu tasrdast n Sifaks ɣ usggʷas n 212 D.T. Itahl illis n ujiniral aqṛṭaj Ṣadṛ Baɛl.
Tutlayin timaziɣin
Tutlayin timaziɣin (s tfinaɣ tatrart: ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ, ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, s tifinaɣ n imuhaɣ: ⵜⵎⵣⵗⵜ ar te ttyunṭaq: [tæmæˈzɪɣt]) gant yat trabbut zɣ tawja n tutlayin tifryuasiyin, tutlayin ad zdint d ingratsnt ar sisnt sawaln iɣrfan imaziɣn ɣ tmizar n tmazɣa d tfriqt n ugafa s umata. Tutlayin ad myarnt yadlli ad ttyurant s yan ugmmay ism as Libik-birbir, lli nssn ɣassad s yism n tifinaɣ.
Kra n 95% n imsiwln s tutlayin timaziɣin ar sawaln yat zzɣ smmust tutlayin mqqurnin, kraygat yat zgisnt teṭṭaf uggar n sin id mlyun n imsiwln, ad tnt igan d s unmala n ustay n uṭṭun n imsiwln: Taclḥit, Taqbaylit, Tamaziɣt (n wammas), Tarifiyt, Tacawit.
Tutlayin timaziɣin n ugafa
Gant Tutlayin timaziɣin n ugafa yat tyffart tantalant (dialect continuum) ittusawaln ɣ tmazɣa, tg daɣ yat zɣ tdurubba (sous-groupes) n tṣṭṭat tamaziɣt n tutlayin tifrusyawiyin. Akccum n tutlayt taɛṛabt iṛẓa tasult lli tt nn ikkan grasnt.
Tutlayin timaziɣin n ugafa nna s sawaln dar uggar n mlyun n ufgan gan tnt Taclḥiyt, Tamaziɣt n tuẓẓumt, Tarifit, Tacawit d Taqbaylit. Bḍant f kraḍt trubba:
Tutlayin timaziɣin n utaram
Tutlayin timaziɣin tutrimin nɣ Tutlayin timaziɣin n unẓul utrim gant yat tṣṭṭat zɣ tutlayin timaziɣin. Taṣṭṭat-ad gi-s snat tutlayin:
Tutlayin timaziɣin n ugmuḍ
Ɣ umata, ar ttussiḍannt tutlayin timaziɣin tigmuḍanin zɣ tdurabbut n tutlayin tijanatin n tmaziɣt tagafayt. Taṣṭṭat-ad gi-s smmust tutlayin:
Tagwancit
Tutlayt tagwancit tga yat tulayt inɣuban lli tt inn ikkan ar sis sawaln igwanciyn ɣ tgzirin tikanariyin ar tasuta tiss 16 nɣ 17. Tmmut tutlayt-ad dffir n walik n tgzirin tikanariyin. Tettyusan tutlayt tagwancit s wammak n twinas d tguriwin lli zmmimn ijyugrafn imzwura, d ismawn n idɣarn d kra n tguriwin nna tumẓ tṣbnyult n tgzirin tikanariyin.
Tibḍit tarakalt
thumb|upright=1.5| Tamaziɣt n ugafa{{Legend|#5d0295|[[Taqbaylit}}Tamaziɣt n Waṭlas{{Legend|#ff6a73|Taclḥit}}{{Legend|#bb2215|Tamaziɣt n tuẓẓumt}}{{Legend|#84003f|Tasnhajit d Taɣumarit}}Tajanat{{Legend|#7fe4b3|Tarifit}}{{Legend|#aff5b6|Ayt Sɣruccn d Ayt Warayn}}{{Legend|#308d2e|Tacnwit}}{{Legend|#00571e|Tacawit}}{{Legend|#c4f361|Tijanatin yaḍnin}}Tamaziɣt n utaram{{Legend|#034665|Tuẓẓungiyya}}Tamaziɣt n ugmuḍ{{Legend|#ffd873|Tamaziɣt n ugmuḍ }}Tamaziɣt n unẓul{{Legend|#6495ED|Tutlayin titargiyin}}</Div>]]
Agmmay n tifinaɣ
Uran imzwura tamaziɣt s iskkiln n tfinaɣ d iskkiln n tarabt d iskkiln n tlatinit mac ɣ usggwas n 2003 iskcm usinag agldan n tussna tamaziɣt tifinaɣ ɣ uslmad n tmaziɣt; tdwel tifinaɣ niɣ Tifinaɣ tunṣibt ɣ Lmɣrib;
Tifinaɣ iggmayn iqburn ila ɣ iẓẓlmḍ n ifriqya sxdmant imaziɣn d ṭawariq
Agmmay alatin
Iqbaylin n tamazirt d yan ugzzum mqqurn nimrukiyn ar tafan mas irxa bzzaf ad ttran s tirra tamaziɣt talitinit. tirra yad ar tnt bahra ntafa ɣ lwib d-sitat imazi°n n - brra d tigzirin tiknariyin.
Agmmay aɛrab
Uran ṭṭlba d imḥḍaṛn n timzgadiwin n iffus n tamazirt lmrruk s ugmmay n tɛṛabt, ilin mnnaw n warratn s uskkil-a, kra zgi-sn ittyura ɣ dar tasut 11.
Arratn iqburn
Kigan zzɣ mddn da ttiɣiln is d ar ɣilad ad ssntint tirra s tutlayin tamaziɣin, d is ur dars tlli awd yat taysi iran ad as yaws ad tgmu tmɣr acku taddagt ur ilin iẓuṛan mqqurnin ur tufi ad tili ifrawn d icṭḥan mqqurnin ! Is llan kra n warratn izaykutn dar tmaziɣt ? Mlmi ad ssntint tirra s tutlayt ad ? Ma ayd icuncgn amussu ad adlsan ? Man imukrisn d ittkkan mnid i warra amaziɣ ? Ma s nɣiy ad t nsyafu zzɣ wanaw ad n warratn izaykutn ?
Awttas zɣ warratn lli skrn iclḥiyn n zik ur igi tutlayt taclḥit s ixf nns maca ad ssawḍn tussna tamsɣant i ugdud amaziɣ lli ikkan ur da ittakʷz taεṛabt, aya isfaw t mas amata ɣ warratn ad aɣn d iskkinn n usgd swa ɣ igr n usumd nɣ ɣ igr n uflas nɣ ɣ igr n tikli n wasr nɣ isfra lli t ittalɣn, issuman t ulaa acku ur snzgumn imaratn ad s wanaw n tirra d ur srisn kra n ilugnn i usnmarra amaziɣ.
Kra n imdyatn zzɣ warratn aɣ d ilkmn :
Yuwi d uslmad Affa ɣ tinawt nns uttay n 25 n warra ttyaranin s tutlayt tamaziɣt, irnu uslmad ad mas d arrantn lli ittyamaẓn ɣ Uṛubba ttwaḥḍan ɣ Iks Un ɣ Rufans ɣ Fṛanṣa.
Ar ɣilad ur ta llint kra n tsiḍan i taysi ad tansbaɣurt, d ur nssin man idɣarn ɣ llan kigan n warratn imaziɣn wala mani ɣ nn ḥḍan, s man aya ur nufi ad nfk yat twlaft imdn f tilawt n warratn ad, d ar ttddrn aṭaṣ n imukrisn amm assmrs ur ifulkin, mnziwt ur illin d tanzzarfut, assrwl d tukkṛḍa, nrnu asn nn awd imukrisn igamann amm iɣrdayn, iwḍfan, aɣmal, ubuy n warratn atg  luman acku kigan ɣ warratn ad gan uslign s kra n tawjiwin lli d ifl umara, ar tn bḍḍun grasn. addad ad ismrnat uggar acku ur llint kra n tkafutin nna rad iswuri f uḥṭṭu d ufrag i warratn ad. S man aya zmrɣ ad iniɣ mas mk aɣ d uwḍnt tmiḍiwin n warratn hat ifḍn ad inɣuban swa s iskkirn igamann nɣ inafgann.
Arratn ad n tmaziɣt gan yan uɣbalu ur ittɣarn i tutlayt tamaziɣt acku usin kigan n umawal azayku nna ur nenni ad naf dar ayt ɣilad, aya yujja imrza ad sgisn ḍin kigan n tguriwin nna rad yaws ɣ usbɣr n tutlayt tamaziɣt d ussudr nns, maca tiwuriwin nna ittugan ar ɣilad ur gumnt, iqqn d ad tili yat tstratijit i uḥṭṭu n taysi ad ittug as usnmala d tzrawin afad ad d sgisn ittuẓẓg akkw uynna uman n tussna s lawan akkw ɣ igr n tutlayt tamaziɣt.
Taddagt n tutlayin timaziɣin
──o Tafruyasit ├─o Proto-Tamaziɣt 1 (-7000) └─o Proto-Tamaziɣt 2 (-200) ├─o Tamaziɣt n ugmuḍ | └─────o Tanfusit | └─────o Tawilant | └─────o Tasknit | └─────o Taɣdimsit | └─────o Tasiwit ├─o Tamaziɣt n ugafa | |─────o Taqbaylit | |──o Tamaziɣt n waṭlas | | └──o  Taclḥiyt | | └──o  Tamaziɣt n waṭlas anammas | └─o Tutlayt tajanat |  └───o  Tarifiyt |  └───o  Taznast |  └───o  Tacnwit |  └───o  Tumẓabt |  └───o  Tacawit |  └─o  Taznast n umalu |    └─o  Tajerbit ├───────o Tatergit ├─o Tamaziɣt tutrimt └─────o Taẓnagt └─────o Tatsrrt
Izdayn n bṛṛa
Taggayt:ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ
Tafsut n Imaziɣen
Tafsut n imazighen tga yat tgrawla li skern iqbayliyn
Ɛica Tacinwit
Ɛica Ziyati nɣd Tacinwit tga yat-tnazurt lli itawsan s umarg ns n taclḥit d-udraz ns.
Tudrt-nns
Tacinwit tlul ɣ Inzggan ɣ useggas n 1968.
Amawal axatar
A
Taggayt:Amawal
Ɛica Tacinwit
Tudrt-nns
Tzwar s-udraz dmnaw rways zund Ḥasan Arsmuk d Uttalb Lmzudi.
Tafsut (Annaz)
Tafsut (Annaz) (الربيع s tɛrabt ) (printemps s tfransist ) Ar gis ittili ujddig d tuga, Tafsut an-itcukkun Tagrst uka iḥ ifulki anzar n Tagrst li izrin ar itfalkay Tafsut g ajddig d tuga d ar tafan ulli mad cttan
Ɛica Maya
Taskkurt n Umm rrbiɛ nɣ Ɛica Maya, tga yat tanaẓuṛt bahra ittyussan g Lmɣrib ula brra ns. Tga Ɛica Maya utt tmazirt n waṭlas, ilin dars tugt n tissfifin g igr n uẓawan d taẓuṛi zund asaru n "Tamawayt" g tbadut tamaziɣt.
Ɛica Tacinwit
Tudrt-nns
Ar as tinin Tacinwit acku trwas middn n Ccinwa.
Ɛica Maya
Tudrt :
Ɛica Maya tzdɣ ɣilad g Franṣa, ard d ttacka s Lmɣrib ig dars kra tawwuri, kra n unmuggar nɣ kra n twwuri n taẓuṛî.
Ɛica Tacinwit
Isaɣuln
Taggayt:Inaẓurn iclḥiyn Taggayt:Timɣarin
Ɛica Maya
Isaɣuln
Taggayt:Tanaẓuṛt tamaziɣt
Sṭṭat
Sṭṭat nɣ Ẓṭṭat tga yat tiɣrmt ɣ Lmɣrib. Tlla ngr Mrrakc d Tigmi Tumlil.
Asnmkta
Ar ittini usiḍn lli ittyuskar ɣ usggʷas n 2014 mas :
Ɣaylli sis izdin
Taggayt:Timdinin n Lmɣrib Taggayt:Tamallayt Taggayt:Taɣrma
Butfunast
Iga Butfunast (nɣ s yism iɣzzifn: Butfunast d 40 imxxarn) yan lfilm n taclḥit iffɣ-d ɣ usggwas n 1992, nttan ay-gan lfilm lli akkw ittawssan ɣ ssinima taclḥit d tamaziɣt. Isnkrn lfilm ad yat tgrawla imqqurn ɣ ssinima tamaziɣt. Issufɣ-t-id ssi Lɛrbi Altit s umyawas n ssi Muḥammad Baɛmran d ssi Ḥasan Ibuka.
Isaɣuln
Taggayt:Ssinima tamaziɣt Taggayt:Laflam n tclḥit
Maḥi Binbin
Maḥi Bnebin iga anaẓur ameṛṛakci d amara d aṛeccam d anemsal amesneflul, tugenna nna ɣ d-yusi ugellid Muḥemmad wis ṣḍiṣ kigan n tifilin-nnes. Anaẓur d ullis Maḥi Bnebin ilula ɣ 13 kubṛayṛ aseggʷas n 1959 ɣ asun n Riyaḍ Zzitun ɣ Umur n wakuc, izzeri dis tamẓit-nnes. Maḥi Bnebin llan dar-s ṣḍiṣ n aytmas gen ḍfir n tizemmar n mma-nnesn ixatarn d n tmazirt-a. iffeɣ Maḥi Ameṛṛuk s tmizar aḍnin, dat ad-aɣul aseggʷas n 2002 s Amur n Wakuc izedɣ-dis. iɣeṛa Maḥi tusnakt i-sseɣret ɣ Baris, d izedɣ ɣ Nyuyurk ger iseggʷasn n 1994 d 1999.
Maḥi bnebin yan unaẓur itwassan kigan ɣ fṛansa d mirikan ɣi-nna ɣ lulant tirbatin-nnes. Iɣeṛa Maḥi asebdad amenzu ɣ tinmel n iben lbanna s iɣenan, immatti s asebdad asinan ɣ timreslet n iben ɛebbad. Maḥi ikka-tt-nn iḥla dar-s uẓawan f tiɣṛi. Ayenna ur-issusimn mma-nnes tsebzziz fellas a-ikecm s asinan mulay yusef ɣ tamsena, isker taẓlayt n timassanin n tusnakt, yammeẓ tuggan lbak dis, iddu s Baris iɣeṛ tusnakt dis ɣ semmus n iseggʷasn allig yumeẓ tugga dis.
Maka tawargit ad ig anaẓur tella dis abeda. zrin ussan immiggir Maḥi d yan unaẓur asebnyuli isem-nnes " Agutsin Gumiz Arekus" iddukl-ides, yawsas i Maḥi allig idda s tirra d aṛeccm. Immiggir Maḥi d inaẓrn imaratn aḍnin, issuter unaẓur Agustin seg Maḥi ad ittara, f idd Imeṛṛukiyn Imeṛṛakciyn twassan s "tisnedṣatin", mac Maḥi innas ur-ssinɣ ijbed-tin s iɣenan issen id tawngimet n usenfelu...
Isaɣuln
Taggayt:Taẓuṛi
Jamɛ lfna
Jamɛ Lfna nɣ s wassaɣ ns iɣzzifn Asarag n Jamɛ Lfna nɣ Abaraz n Jamɛ Lfna (s Taɛrabt : -{ساحة جامع الفنا}-, s Tfransist : -{Place Jemaa el-Fna}-, s Tanglizt : -{Jemaa el-Fnaa}- ) iga yan udɣar bahra ittyawssan g tɣrmt n Mrrakc, ittyawssan Jamɛ lfna g ugnsu n Lmɣrib ula g brra ns. Iga ubaraz n Jamɛ lfna ul n tɣrmt n Mrrakc, ig ula anmuggar n tɣrmt taqqdimt d Lqqṣbt d Lmllaḥ, ig daɣ anmuggar n middn sg kullu timizar n umaḍal, ar sis d ttackan bac ad fjjijn kksn kra f ul nnsn, ar gis ẓṛṛan iɛisawin, ar gis ssflidn i tallasin tiqqbuṛin.
Aẓawan illa bdda g Jamɛ lfna zund ukan ntta zund tallast taqqbuṛt d timssḍṣitin timrrakciyyin, iga Jamɛ lfna yan uḍɣar ismunen tugt n wanawn n tẓuṛi d uẓawan amɣribi mayad a iwddjan MMMSMD ad tskr sg Jamɛ lfna yan uḍɣar amaḍlan anfgan.
iga usays n jamɛ lfna yan usarag amagdud n urarn d taḍṣa d tffugliwin n imzdaɣ awd imallayn g tɣrmt n mṛṛakc g lmṛṛuk, ig usays ad ul n tɣrmt n mṛṛakc, ikk tt iin ig sul adɣar izdin ngr tɣrmt d lqṣbt n lmxzn d umllaḥ, ig amsnzl n imzwag d imallayn zɣ kra iga tt adɣar g lmṛṛuk awd zɣ bṛṛa nns, ḥma ad ẓṛn asfsr n urarn n iɛisawiyn d ad sɣdn i tullisin zɣ imawn n wid tallsnin i taddminin, ssfldn i uẓawan n idbab n umarg ẓṛn iḥwacn d kigan n udmawn n tẓuṛi d tussna ggutn illan g tmurt n lmṛṛuk, lliɣ isman usays ad udmawn ad n tẓuṛi d tussna iggutn tẓli tt lyunisku tg tt d wayda d tingmi n tfganit, tull alɣu nns f mayan asggʷas n 2001.
Amzruy n ubaraz
Abaraz n Jamɛ Lfna ila iẓuṛan imqquṛn g umzruy n Lmɣrib, acku abaraz ad ttrsn iwttasn ns sg ma ttrsn iwttas n tɣrmt n Mrrakc g uzmz n imṛabṭn g usggas n 1070-1071 Dat Tlalit. Ittyabna ubaraz n Jamɛ Lfna g tizwiri bac a ig agdz ad gis zznzan middn ar sgis ssaɣn, macc ḍaṛt lbni n timzgida n Lktbiyya s tusut, abaraz n Jamɛ Lfna issnti ar ittgga yan udɣar istawhmman, acku igllidn urrin ar gis skarn yan usfsr nɣ yan unmuggar n tɣrmt n Mrrakc, anmuggar n middn d tasrdist ; akud nna ira ukllid a iffɣ s kra n imnɣi nɣ ig d yaɣɣul ar iskar anmuggar g ubaraz n Jamɛ Lfna.
izdi umzruy n usays n jamɛ lfna d tasut lliɣ ttbna tmdint n mṛṛakc g lmṛṛuk asggʷas n (1071-1070), ittbna usays n ‘jamɛ lfna’ g tasut n tnbaḍt tamṛabṭit tasut tis smmus t tahijrit tg yat tuwẓut n tsbbabt macc addur nns iɣli s kigan lliɣ ttbna tmzgida n lkutubiya lliɣ yumẓ umzruy ann tasut akkʷ. skrn igldan yaḍn lli d yuckan tizi ann ḍaṛat nnsn ɣ usays ad asbdad n isardasn nnsn, d ar zɣ gis thyyan ikabaṛn n isardasn  nnsn iɣ rad ddun s kra n imnɣi, imnɣan lli skarn ḥma ad smann tiɣrmawin yaḍn d tmizar lli asn yaẓn bac ad tnt gn ddaw n tnbaḍt nnsn, zɣ tizi yan iga usays ad tamatart icnan n tɣrmt, tla sis tmurt akkʷ addur, tɣudu dar maṛṛa inmmudda lli gis izrin.
thumb|center| Tawlaft sg [[ignwan n ubaraz n Jamɛ lfna g usggas n 1930-1931; igudar unziɣn illan g wammas n tawlaft gan win timzgida tasɛdit ifkan i ubaraz ad assaɣ ns.]]
Abaraz :
iga ubaraz n Jamɛ Lfna Ul n tamdint n Mrrakc, acku ar sis d ttackan kigan n imallayn n umaḍal, d acku ttyawssan g umaḍal akkʷ. Ar sis d ttackan middn bac ad iẓaṛn tugt n wanawn n taẓuṛi da gis illan, zund ukan : Ayt umarg, inḍḍamn, tinqqacin, ihyyaḍn ... 800px|center|Jamɛ lfna (Ul n Mrrakc) s Azal
Tasnaẓɣṛt :
illa ma izdin assaɣ ad n jamɛ lfna d ixʷrban  n usays n iɣrm n uẓṛu amṛabṭi lli as imlaln, asays n iɣrm lli n ufan ddaw ixʷrban n tmzgida n lkutubiya.
tawalt n ‘lfna’ lli mi d ikka unamk nns is irwas zɣ tawalt illan g tutlayt taɛṛabt (الدمار-  الخراب ), mayad illa inigi nns g tugga lli fkan idbab n umzruy lliɣ nn ufan  yat tmzgida tamqrant ixxurban g tuẓẓumt n usays n jamɛ lfna, lli igan ḍaṛat n mayan asays bahra ittawssann g umaḍal.
ittawbdar ɣ udlis n ‘amzruy n ssudan’ igan win ɛbdṛṛḥman iwis n ɛbdllah asɛdi atambukti (1655-1596) lliɣ isawl f tmaḍunt n ṭṭaɛun lli yutn mṛṛakc g tasut n ugllid ḥmad lmnṣuṛ adhbi, iklli s inna : ‘iwiɣ d inɣmisn mas ibna ugllid mulay ḥmad timzgida, ibnut s yat talɣa igan fɣnit, iga as assaɣ n tmzgida n lhna, macc timukrisin ann ur t ujjant as tt gis yawi ad s tt ikmml allig immut, idwr wassaɣ nns akud ann s wassaɣ n ‘jamɛ lfna’ ‘asufɣ bardin, 1898, tanfult 205’. macc ur nssn awal ad is isawl f tmzgida lli illan ɣilad niɣ talli  ixxurban.
illan ma ittinin mas assaɣ ad n Jamɛ lfna iwsit ubaraz ad acku illa g iggi n ucbaṛ n uẓṛu (Qṣaṛ lḥjr) amṛabṭi, acbaṛ ad ufan iwtta ns g ddaw n tmzgida n tktbit (Lkutubiyya).
G udlis n Tarix Ssudan (s tmaziɣt : Amzruy n Ssudan), isawl umarra ns Ɛbdrrḥman bn Ɛbdllah ssaɛdi ttambukti (1596-1655 Ḍ.T) f Ṭṭaɛun da illan g Mrrakc g uzmz n ugllid Manṣuṛ ddahbi, inna gis: وقد أدركت أن الأمير السلطان مولاي أحمد أنشأ بناء الجامع، ووضعه وضعا عجيبا، فسُمي بذلك جامع الهناء، ثم شُغل عنه بترادُف تلك المِحن، ولم يُكمِّله حتى تُوُفيَ، فسمي بذلك جامع الفَناء (Asaggz n 1898,Tasna tiss 205).
Tifalkayin n wayda amiwan d tingmi war tanga n tfganit:
g usggʷas n 1997, gan inn tiggʷas kigan n idbab n tussna imṛṛukiyn d lyunisku ɣ yan udwal g mṛṛakc sawl gis ḥma ad srsn iwutta n urmmus n ‘wayda amiwan d tingmi war tanga n tfganit’. g udwal ann bḍan ngr  twwuriwin n tingmi lli d iqqan uḥṭṭu mln atig nns, g ddaw n uzwl n (tifalkayin n wayda amiwan d tingmi war tanga n tfganit). g usggʷas n 2001 iffɣ d ulɣu n lyunisku amzwaru ibdrn talgamt izwarn n tingmi lli smnidn t tmizar i lyunisku. s ɣilad kra iga tt sin isggʷasn ar tt ili tlgamt yaḍn. d iqqan d a tg tingmi lli smnidn t tmizar kra n tussna iddrn niɣ tad ir a inɣubu, ittawskar fllas uɣawas zɣ dar tnbaḍin ann f uḥṭṭu nnsn t d usɣudu nnsn t. ɣ usggʷas n 2003 umẓnt tmura igan timslay g lyunisku yat tmqqunt n uḥṭṭu d usɣudu n wayda d tingmi tamiwant war tanga n tfganit, tamqqunt ad lli illan ddaw n twuri zɣ wayyur n bril g 2006. ttawfkan inmmaln i tmggit n tmqqunt ad  zɣ dar tgrawt tamaḍlant tanbaḍt, ẓlin ngr snat tlgamin yat ɣ llan wayda ismydan d tayyaḍ g llan wayda f d iqqan uḥṭṭu d usɣudu f illa uɣawl. ig mayan taɣarast lli ikkan ngr unɣubu d tingmi.