cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Anwal n Usammr
Taẓuṛi n usnwi g unẓul-ugmiḍ n Lmɣrib (Asmmr)
Yusa d wawal ɣf usntl ddɣ acku idrus mayd isawln yad ɣf wuttci d tẓuṛi n usnwi n imaziɣn, waxxa iga yan usntl ilan antl akswat g tudrt n ufgan d tili nns, slawan llig da nttafa g unwal n imaziɣn yat tẓlayt ẓaṛs istin, naf digs tiram nɣd uttcitn ur illin ɣur igdudn yaḍn. Uttci nɣd masttca iga yan yigr adlsan d yan wayda ɣur illa yan watig mqqurn zund akʷ timyura n ufgan. S imki, iqqenn ad ig unwal asntl n irzzutn n imasnawn ɣur illa iswi n usbuɣlu n tẓuṛi ddɣ d usslmd n tussna ddɣ tamattant.
Arrattn ittuskarn yad g igr n usnwi s umata, uwind kullu tn ɣf tiram d tɣarast s ttugant. D rru Afrak s watig n tẓuṛi ad g usissn n tɣrma tamaziɣt d tmɣr nns, ayd aɣ yuwin ad narz g urzzu d usiggl ɣf ugar n isskin izdin s tẓuṛi ddɣ aɣd udjan imzwura zund yat tadla n ildjign iflujjan. Tmasayt d waga n ufrag i trusi d udjan imzwura nnɣ llan ɣf ugṛḍ nnɣ, lumaṛ g uzmz ddɣ n tsmaḍalt g iggudy imizi n wad acckint tfras n wudm n wayda amaziɣ, ifsy agnsu n wayda amaḍlan. inɣmisn illan g umgrad ddɣ ugmɣ tn d ɣur tmɣarin n iɣrm timqqranin.
G zwar iqqenn ad nini nwis asnwi n ugdud iga inigi afṛḍiy ɣf tɣrma nns imkinna inna Marsil Murf. Aya n wawal iga tidt awd ɣur ugdud amaziɣ.
Asnwi d unwal ar ttawsn g ufrag i tutlayt s ufrag n tguriwin tiqburin zund tinna izdin s : ibckan (agʷra, azrg, afrdu..), s tinga (awerr, tisnt, assaɣn n icakan d igumma, tuga,….), s tmyurin ittmunn d tiram (tellɣnja, udayn n tεcurt, iḍ sggʷas..), s imyagn (arf, ẓḍ, bri, ssif, ssnu, sɣus…), s assaɣn n tmaḍunin (tawla, timzyin,…) d s kigan n yigran yaḍn izdin d unwal.
Ur idd ɣas uttci ayd da ismunn ayt uxam ḍaṛt tdabut, akud n tiram iga yat tizi n umrara n wawal d tukki n inɣmisn, taḍṣa d ulaha, imkinna iga yat tizi n umyalkam d umsawaḍ ingr ayt tawja, ing addjarn, ingr ayt tqbilt,..atg.
Asnwi iga ammak aɣ ittawasn ad nisin ugar ɣf umzruy (amzruy n uswingm, amzruy n usnflul, amzruy n tdamsa d tkrza, amzruy n tskla…) d ad nisin ɣf tarakalt d tussnsskr n imzwura nnɣ.
Asnwi ar immal tamagit n ku yan d ku agdud, iyg zund yat tmɣunt ingr imzdaɣ. Ig da nttini nccar tisnt nɣ nccar ṭṭεam hat ɣurs anamk n tamunt d umyisa d umsasa d nwis illa ufra d laman ingraɣ.
Taskʷflt n usnfl ɣf tinga ayd igan inigi ɣf tdlsa n ufgan, tussnsskr nns ayd yakkan atig i tɣawsiwin d isllwu.
Anwal amaziɣ awd ntta iga yan wansa mi ika ufgan amaziɣ kigan n uswingm d ussmɣr, aynna nenna ad niẓiṛ g uynna d iddan.
Taẓuṛi n usnwi g Tmazɣa
alt=anwal|vignette|Anwal ɣur imaziɣn Uttci iga yat tɣawsa ɣf tbdda tudrt n ufgan, ur izḍaṛ ad its ingiri, aynnaɣ ayd tyudjan ad isiggil tinga ula tiɣarasin s ittgga uttci nns. Asiggl nɣ arzzu ad ika d kigan n usnflul g usnwi n tiram, aynna aɣ yuwin ad nsawal ɣf tẓuṛi n usnwi g udɣar n usnwi n tiram nɣd uttci nnsnt.
Asnwi g unwal ila kigan n ilugan n ussujd n tiram ula win tɣarast s ttuskarnt. G umaḍal masttca ur imyaɣ sg tmurt s tayḍ ula sg tmazirt s tayḍ. War amyaɣ ddɣ ar ittuɣul g yat tsga n wanatn n igamatn illan g ku tamnaḍt, d mayd akkan n tinga d tmyafutin s ttugant tiram. Imkinna nssn ur id amm tinga illan g uẓaɣar ayd illan g tiniri, ula d tinna illan g idurar ayd illan g tsga n ilel.
G tsga n Tmazɣa, taẓuṛi n usnwi tga yat tdlsa ittuyassnn g umaḍal s tuggt n wanawn n tiram digs illan (sksu, ṭṭajin, askkif, ṣṣfa, imrɣan, aɣrum, akanif…). Taẓuṛi a, llan ɣurs ilugan nns, d ibckan nns, ar ttuga s wahli n wanawn n tinga g tlla tdusi i tfgga n ufgan zund tifiyya, islman, igumma, imndi, timẓin, aɣu, akʷffay, icakan, tamamt, udi, azatim n uzmmur nɣd win wargan, tiyyni…atg.
Awal ɣf tẓuṛi n unwal nɣd usnwi n tiram g Lmɣrib, iɣy ad aɣd ik agudiy n idlisn s lawan mk nsawl ɣf ku tasga d ku tamazirt s mas ttyassn. Tadlsa ddɣ tga yat tisit aɣ d immaln man taskʷflt nn tlkm tmɣur n tɣrma d man ayda adlsan illan dar tmurt ad. Tamurt n Lmɣrib da aɣd takka yat tswit tafrqact n tiram yaṭfutn idusn. Taẓuṛi n usnwi g Lmɣrib tga yat tdlsa ɣur illa yan wazal yajjguln, iḍṛṛḥn g wanatn, g tinga ula g ilugan. Tsman ikʷlan n isufir, tssiwl intmi amaraɣ d unna iḥllawn, tsmun aqurar d uzizaw,
Kra n tiram timaziɣin
alt=asnwi|vignette|Asnwi n uɣrum g Usammr Anwal amaziɣ, iga yan unwal axatar mi ggutn wanawn n tiram d idus wuttci nns, maka g umgrad ad qqad nsiwl ɣf itsnt tiram timaziɣin ittuyassnn bahra g Tmazɣa.
Taẓuṛi n usnwi g Usammr (anẓul-ugmiḍ n Lmɣrib)
vignette|Aɣrum butguri n tafant G tsga n unẓul ugmiḍ n Lmɣrib nɣ Asammr, atig n tẓuṛi n usnwi d untl nns imqqur g ufrag n tmagit d yimẓ g trusi n imzwura, imkinna iga yan inigi aqbur ɣf tmɣur n tɣrma n ku agdud. Amm ɣur imaziɣn kullu, taẓuṛi n usnwi g Asammr tssn tanfla taxatart igan abrid i tlalit n kigan n tiram timaziɣin ɣur illa watig akswat ar takka agrrz d tdusi i tfgga n imzdaɣ. D amm ku ansa, Asammr ɣurs tiram ẓaṛs istin nna ur nttafa g awdyan udɣar yaḍnin. Llant tinna igan tin ku ass ilint tinna izdin d tmyurin. Imkinna llant tinna izdin d imirn n usggʷas.
S umata tiram n unẓul ugmiḍ mmyaɣnt maka ar ittili ka n war ummrwas idrusn sg unsa ar wayḍ nɣd sg uqbil ar wayḍ.
G uynna igan tiram ittuyassnn ɣur imzdaɣ kullutn ar nttafa : sksu, askkif, ṭṭajin, imrɣan, atay, aɣrum s wanatn nns… maka g uynna istin i ku tanila ad nasy ka n imdla zund : taḥlawt, tiynni inwan ar ttusuy s uɣrum ɣur Ayt Ɛtta, buxdduc (Mrgaz) d iḥrayn s itbirn ɣur Ayt Izdy, abadir d uqariḍ araxsas s tdunt ɣur Ayt Ḥliddu, ablbul s icakan d uɣu d uɣrum butguri s qwawc ɣur imzdaɣ n yijjyal n wasif n Ɣris (Amuggr, Amellagu..), tazart d sayyṛ iẓḍan g Warzazat d Tin Imgunn, lmdfuna g Rriṣani …
Imikkan llant tiram ittugan g usammr kullut maka llan ɣursnt wassaɣn ibḍan, imkinna nttafa g umdya n ublbul ilan assaɣ n “buttl” g Warzazat, “afḍuz” ɣur Ayt Tdɣt g Tinɣir, “amrkas” g Dads d Tin Imgunn. Tili “tsmmit” ɣur Ayt Mrɣad teṭṭef assaɣ n “timmit” ɣur Ayt Ɛtta. Imkinna illa ukanif ittuyassnn ɣur Waskurn s wassaɣ n “taṛẓẓuyt”.
Llant awd tiram ilan yan wassaɣ maka ur da ttugant s yat tɣarast immrwasn, zund tannurt, igan sin wanatn n uɣrum ibḍan. Amzwaru ar ittuga s tguri yili ufṛṛan ẓaṛs istin g Igʷlmimn d Tinjdad, wiss sin ar ittuga bla taguri n wagnsu, inw g yan ubcku iss iẓlin awd ntta ɣur Waskurn.
Tiram n ku ass
tizaykutin illan s umata g Usammr gant tiram idusn g llant tinga byu di ika wakal n tmazirt. Tiram a nwant s tɣarast idusn g wafa n ikcciḍn n iskʷla n tmazirt (azmmur, lluz, tawalt, takwut, iqwecba n ufrux n tiyni…), inw uɣrum s tṣṭwin d izawin n ifrxan n tiyni. Akʷ aya n iṣɣarn ar akkan aḍu d taṭfi ixulfn i tiram.
Uttci ibḍa ɣf itsent tizza inmn mar ad ur ittaky ufgan s laẓ. S imki, af ad ad nssisn tiram illan g iɣrman n Usammer rad nsskr mully i tizza n wutci :
Tigimgimt tga yat tirmt n tifawt s ssntayn imzdaɣ ass nnsn, da digs ttugan ibrin n tmẓin mɣd askkif, d tiyni. Maka s umata askkif ayd ittugan. G tifawt ur ta d tnqqir tafuyt, da ssmrant tutmin i irukutn n uskkif, tkurnd tazakkat s tiyni d kksnt g icqwfan. Ig inwa uskkif, tmmattrd tawja g tnammast n taddart mar ad sun tiẓuḍiwin n uskkif ttcn tiyni, imki aha ku ass dat n wad ftun s twuriwin n tgmmi d tin yigran. Adday fukkan imzdaɣ tiwuriwin nnsn, g ḍḍḥa da d ttuɣuln s tnammast gn ttafan aɣrum d watay s nnεnaε nɣd brdduc, nɣd izry, nɣd cciba…. Aɣrum iga aɣrum irɣan s wudi nɣd taguri nɣd bucyyar s wudi nɣd azatim n uzmmur.
Imkli iga tirmt nna da ttettcan imzdaɣ azal n wass. S umata ar digs nttafa tujjut n ṭṭajin ɣf tirrgin nɣd imrɣan g tqnnuct aflla n wafa, s wanawn n icakan. Aɣrum ittuga s yirdn ittwatn g uwrr n ibawn, inw g ufṛṛan n ikcciḍn. Tannurt awd nttat tga yat tirmt ttgan imzdaɣ i imkli nnsn. Tannurt tga yan wanaw n uɣrum bu tguri inggʷan g yan ufṛṛan uẓliy d s yat tɣarast bahra ifulkin, ar ttuyatca trɣa d uɣu nɣd d atay. Asnwi n tannurt ur irxa, tcqqa twuri nns, aynna yudjan mddn ur yad da t titggan akud ddɣ.
Imnsi iga uttci n imzdaɣ ḍaṛt tin yiṭṣ, da digs ttuskar tirmt ittyasnn g tmazɣa ula amaḍal kullut: sksu s wanawn nns. Anawn n sksu ar digsn nttafa sksu ɣiklli s ittuyassn s uksum d icakan nɣd ka n tikkal s ka n wanawn n igumma (lxux, tifiras, adffuy…), tili diɣ tsmmit nttat ur da s ttugarn imrɣan, ar digs ittuga sksu s wudi d isufir n tamart n umɣar, yili diɣ awd sksu n uɣu lmuaṛ g imirn irɣan.
Tiram n ku tamdla :
G tsga ad n ku tamdla add nawy ɣf ka n wanawn n tiram d yusan i ku akud nɣd ku tafugla illan g wakud-nnaɣ. Ar nsawal ɣef tiram ittugan g tmdlwin ad :
Iḍ-sggʷas g usammr ar digs ittuga sksu s sa n icakan, maka iqqenn ad nisin id icakan n imnsi n iḍ-sggʷas xulfn cigan. G yat tsga ar ittugar lluz ḥma ad yiṭfiṭ usggʷas. G tsga yaḍn ur da ttugar maṭica ḥma ad ur ismim usggʷas ula ttugra tflflt mar ad ur iḥṛṛu usggʷas. Ar ttinin nwis awd tirkmin ur datnt ggarn mar ad ur ggadin iɣrḍayn g usggʷas. Maka matta tzdayt illan gr asn? Urss !. G iḍ-sggʷas ar ittugra iɣṣ n tiyni nɣ aɣwrmi g sksu, imki unnat yufan ayd ittggan ambark n usggas nnaɣ akʷ mayd ila.
Taεcurt: ass n tεcurt iga yan wass mqqurn s lawan g iɣrm n Igʷlmimn g ittili lkarnabal n Buyffus nɣ udayn n tεcuṛt. Sksu diɣ ayd ittugan g imnsi, maka tikklt ad ar ittuga s tkurdasin d usawar d tglay inwan g waman. G tmyurt ad n iḍ-n-tεcuṛt ar ttinin is ixṣṣa ad tettcd imnsi nnk dat tin yiṭṣ mar ad ur ak imsis imnsi nɣ kid yuwḍ ka n gar anɣms.
Lεnsrt: ard ittasa wass n lεnsrt g asinas amzwaru n wayyur n yulyuz ar digs ttuga tlxca n ibawn g tizi n imkli waxxa irɣa unzwi. Imkli n wass ad tmun ids yat tmyurt sskarn ayt usammr, tamyurt ad iga tt assiɣ n wafa s walim d lḥrml ar tqqdn i irban d trbatin imẓẓyann ḥma ad asn hṛḍn iɣ- n-ka. Asqsi ifukkn ad ɣifs nrzzu igat max allig g uzmz nnaɣ irɣan cigan da ttuga talxca?
Tafaskavignette|Ṭεam s wudi iga yat tirmt imunn d tfugliwin gant tin lεid, tamɣra, tarwa...|250x250pxTarwa
Assmɣy n tuɣmas ɣur tslmya
Tamɣra
Tamtti
Taḥmmart n Ddrdba
Tawrirt Irɣ (Ayt Wasifad)
Tawrirt Irɣ iga yan uḍwwaṛ illan ɣ tgrawt n Idaw Ggʷniḍif, tasga n Wactukn-Ayt Baha, tmnaḍt n Sus-Masst ɣ tgldit n Lmɣrib. Iwala aḍwwaṛ ad i tqbilt n Ayt Wasifad. Mk lli imla usiḍn n imzdaɣn n Lmɣrib n usggʷas n 2004 lli tskr Tsmirit tamattayt n usɣiws, ilkm uṭṭun n imzdaɣn n uḍwwaṛ ad 66 n ufgan, ig uṭṭun n tawjiwin 17.
Anwal n Usammr
Tiram n ku tamdla :
Tirwayin
Tawrirt Irɣ (Ayt Wasifad)
Isɣwan yaḍnin
Taggayt:Ayt Wasifad (Idaw Ggʷniḍif) Taggayt:Idaw Ggʷniḍif
Anwal n Usammr
Tagara
G tiyira n usiggl ad, ar nttakz id anwal amaziɣ iga yat tdlsa ilan tazdayt d kull ifrḍiṣn ɣf tuly tudrt n ufgan zund takrza, tadamsa, taɣrma, tadlsa, aswingm d ssnsskr n ugdud. Imkinna iga yat tẓuṛi ilan ilugan nns d tɣarasin ẓaṛs istin. Angu nɣ anwal amaziɣ ila atig mqqurn g tdusi yakka i tfkka n ufgan s isafarn illan g tinga s ittuga, ula g tnumi n tɣarast n tnwi ula g ibckan n usnwi.
Uttci n imaziɣn isman tawant, asafar, asnflul, tanfla, tayri n usnwi, amsgjam n tdlsa, tinnubga d yinf ɣf tmttiwin yaḍn aynna as ikan yan usissn axatar g umaḍal. D ur ɣifnɣ izrry ad nini id angu ad yusy g wagnsu nns tamagit tadlsant d umzruy anmɣur sg mayd illa ufgan ɣf wakal n Tmazɣa ar ass a.
Tawlaft tanaẓuṛt g illa dɣi unwal amaziɣ g tuggt n wanatn n tiram nns, intman ula ikʷlan digs, ur tgi tyira n unada d usnflul, isul ifukk usiggl ad yili, d yifi n tinga ula tiram yaḍn, isul ifukk unada g usmun ingr n tdusi n usnwi amaziɣ d tɣarasin n usnwi atrar d imassn nns. Zund ɣiklli tsul tirra nns tga yat tmasayt taxatart ɣf iɣariwn n imaziɣn, tamasayt ad ur ta s kin imaziɣn aynna tuklal.
S usiggl ddɣ ssarmɣ ad iliɣ snmalɣ d anwal n imaziɣn n tmnaḍt n ussamr n Lmɣrib s inɣmisn ad idrusn ɣifs kiɣ, imkinna ssarmɣ ad gin tizwiri i yan unada axatar ɣf unwal n Tmazɣa kullut. Acku ar ass a llant kigan n tiram timaziɣin ifulkin isuln ffrnt agnsu n iɣrman ddrnt day g imawn d ifassn n tmɣarin tixatarin, imkinna llant tiram n Tmazɣa ittuyassnn s yism n igdad yaḍn.
Ssarmɣ ad ilin irzzutn g usntl ddɣ af ad uɣuln tt tiram n Tmazɣa isslka uzmz atrar nɣ ur sul izmr ad tnt ittgga ufgan n wakuda ad ur gjmnt g tzyawt n tyattut. Imkinna ssarmɣ ad ttugnt tɣuriwin tantrubulujin d tussnanin i tẓuṛi n usnwi amaziɣ. S tirra ad riɣ ad yaky umaziɣ d tmɣur n wayda nns ikas atig axatar, isḥiḍr tiram nns g tdabut nns g tsga n tin umaḍal. Ur riɣ ad ṭfuṛn iwdann tadlsa tamaḍlant sslkun tinnsn g tlla tẓuṛi d tdusi. Imkinna nenna asnwi amaziɣ iga angu afṛḍiy g tlla tɣarast n lmakrubyutik.
Illa ɣifnɣ ad ur nẓmẓiy ayda aɣd udjan imzwura nnɣ, Nssitg t s usiggl, nssufɣ d digs kull inumak yusy.
Ayt Tmzgid (Ayt Wasifad)
Isɣwan yaḍnin
Taggayt:Ayt Wasifad (Idaw Ggʷniḍif) Taggayt:Idaw Ggʷniḍif
Anwal n Usammr
Tagara
Illa ɣifnɣ amm ku id-yu timaziɣin ad nn nsslkm tadla a s ufulki nns i tarwa nnɣ maka s tɣarast n tirra maka s tutlayt tamaziɣt.
Muḥmmad Akunaḍ
Muḥmmad Akunaḍ (s tfinaɣ: ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⴽⵓⵏⴰⴹ) ilul d 1950 ɣ wusun n Tiɣirn tama n Tmanar ɣ Iḥaḥan, yat ɣ tqbilin mqqurnin n Sus, tlla gr Ugadir d Mugadur (Taṣṣuṛt) ɣ Tsga n Sus Masst.
Iga yan ɣ imɣnasn imaziɣn mqqurnin, yusy anzgum n tmaziɣt ɣ mnnaw yigran zɣ zikk, yura mnnaw idlisn s tmaziɣt, iswuri ula ɣ yigr n tɣmsa zɣ usggʷas 1993.
Issɣra Tutlayt Taɛṛabt ɣ yan usinan ɣ Ugadir, iga yan ɣ igmamn urmidn ɣ mnnawt tmsmunin zun d Tamagrawt Tamaynut, ayaw n Ugadir, Tasdawit n unbdu (Agadir), Tirra, tazlɣa n imaratn s tmaziɣt d tiyyaḍ.
Yumẓ tasmɣurt n Usinag Agldan n Tussna Tamaziɣt ɣ usuɣl asggʷas 2006.
Tamẓiyt d tɣri
Zun d akkʷ tazzanin ɣ wawtay nns, ikcim Muḥmmad Akunaḍ s tmzgid n usun zikk, ar gis yaqra lqṛan aylliɣ t iḥsa sḍist twal mmḍfaṛnin. Iddu ilmma s Tmanar ismd gis tiɣri nns tamzwarut d imikk ɣ tɣri tasinant.
Ɣ usggʷas 1965, immudda Muḥmmad Akunaḍ zɣ tmazirt nns af ad iḍfṛ tiɣri nns ɣ Usinag Anslm n Trudant nna ittussann ɣ Trudant akud ann, asinag nna ɣ ssufɣn mnnaw imɣnasn imaziɣn, zun d Ḥmad Adɣrni, Ḥasan Id Blqasm d wiyyaḍ.
Muḥmmad Akunaḍ d tɣmsa
Iggut mad issnn mas iga Muḥmmad Akunaḍ yan ɣ imaratn imaziɣn mqqurnin, ig ula amskar anamun urmid ɣ mnnawt tmsmunin. Macc idrus mad issnn mas iga ula anɣmas d umsnkda n yan usays imursn ɣ usaḍṛaṛ asgawan n Ugadir zɣ usggʷas 1993.
Iḥml bahra uslmad Muḥmmad Akunaḍ taɣmsa zɣ tmẓiyt nns, ikka tt nn ar issflid i isuyas ɣ usaḍṛaṛ anamur s yils n Tmaziɣt d usaḍṛaṛ usgawan n Ugadir, ar issflid i isuyas nna izzray Ɛmmi Musa d Mḥmmd Lɛtmani d wiyyaḍ. Lliɣ iga amzraw ɣ tɣiwant n tutlayt ɣ Mṛṛakc, ar idrru nttan yan umzraw zɣ Wactukn ɣ isuyas n isaḍṛaṛn, ar gisn ttmsgdaln f tɣmsa.
Ɣ usggʷas 1993, ismun yan igiwr ɣ Wawrir gr uslmad Ɛabdullah Bliliḍ d Ɛabdullah Asfar, anɣmas d umzday n tdala n Tclḥit ɣ Usaḍṛaṛ asgawan n Ugadir, msawaln f uskkir n kra n usays adlsan innzgmn s imaynutn n tdlsa tamaziɣt, d usiggl s kra n uslmad mad t izzrayn, isumr uslmad Ɛabdullah Bliliḍ Muḥmmad Akunaḍ, inyalkam ilmma unɣmas amzday d Ukunaḍ, imcacka d dids f usays, ismiqqirt d unmhal n usaḍṛaṛ Ḥmad Abunaṣṛ, idggi t, ig "Tawssna ar afrak" ism izwarn ittusumrn i usays nɣ "Tawssna taɣamt n kuyan", macc amzday isnyif "Tawssna taɣamt n kuyan".
Inty ilmma uzmmem n tsdditin n usays, ar tzzray yat tsddit n 15 tusdidin kraygat imalass, ar gis isawal uslmad Muḥmmad Akunaḍ f isntal n twssna tamatayt s yat tmaziɣt iɣusn. Alliɣ zrin wattayn n sin isggʷsn ɣ wawtay n usays, d ɣ ḍaṛat n yinaw n udabu ɣ usggʷas 1994 f usskcm n tmaziɣt s tbadutin tiɣmsanin, ittusnfl yism n usays "Tawssna taɣamt n kuyan" ig "Tawssna tamaziɣt", ar izzray kraygat imalass ɣ usaḍṛaṛ asgawan n Ugadir, yili wallas nns ɣ usaḍṛaṛ anamur n tmaziɣt kraygat imalass ɣ yiḍ. Ɣ yimir n unbdu ar ittnfal yism n usays ig "Tamimt n unbdu", ar t nit izzray uslmad Muḥmmad Akunaḍ, ar ilmma ibrray usays inbgiwn, ar didsn ittmsawal f tmntilin n tawssna. Ɣilad ar izzray usays ɣ 25 tusdidin kraygat imalass ɣ usaḍṛaṛ asgawan n Ugadir s yism "Tawssna tamaziɣt".
Ɣ usggʷas 1997, yumẓ usays tasmɣurt n usays amaziɣ akkʷ ifulkin ɣ uswir anamur, tasmɣurt nna ɣ drun tugtt n isuyas ɣ isaḍṛaṛn isgawann ula inamurn, aylli yujjan asays ad iddu s dat, yili azrak dar imasayn n usaḍṛaṛ asgawan n Ugadir.
Muḥmmad Akunaḍ yugga d s ugdud ula ɣ tbadut n tmaziɣt (tiss tamt) s uzuzzr n yinzan d inumak nnsn ɣ yan usays n usslmd n tmaziɣt nna tzzray massa Xadija Aruhal.
Tutlayt Tidiklt
Tutlayt tidiklt (nɣ d tamaziɣt n tidiklt) tga yat tutlayt tamaziɣt tajanat ittyusawaln ɣ Ddzayr. Tg yat zɣ tutlayin n tnzruft tagafayt. Ar tettusawal tutlayt ad ɣ ugafa utrim n tsga n Tamanrasst d tsunḍt n Salaḥ. Tṭṭaf tutlayt tidiklt snat tantlayin, tili ɣ imizi n unɣubu acku tṭṭaf ɣar 1,000 n imssiwln.
Isaɣuln
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Taɣazut
Aftas n twazut ar gis tmunan kraygat ungmar. Ilint ukan sul gis tiɣrubansn d imas n tuwuriwintnsn.
Taɣazut Irɣ (Ayt Wasifad)
Taɣazut Irɣ iga yan uḍwwaṛ illan ɣ tgrawt n Idaw Ggʷniḍif, tasga n Wactukn-Ayt Baha, tmnaḍt n Sus-Masst ɣ tgldit n Lmɣrib. Iwala aḍwwaṛ ad i tqbilt n Ayt Wasifad. Mk lli imla usiḍn n imzdaɣn n Lmɣrib n usggʷas n 2004 lli tskr Tsmirit tamattayt n usɣiws, ilkm uṭṭun n imzdaɣn n uḍwwaṛ ad 109 n ufgan, ig uṭṭun n tawjiwin 29.
Taɣazut
Amzruy
thumb|Ixulan n Buyirdn Tka-tt-in Taɣazut ɣ umruy nns lli nssn tga bdda yan udɣar lli f tmaɣen tiqbilin timaziɣin n zikk d ibraniyn. Ɣ tasut tiss 16, Ismun Mḥnd n Idir ɣ ṭṭerf nns tiqbilin, yumẓ lḥukm n tasga tagafayt n Taɣazut, izza ɣakud-ann f Ibrtqqiziyn. Willi mutn mḍeln-tn ɣ yan udɣar ɣ Tamraɣt iiga s ism Imuran. Macc ɣ ixf n tasut tiss 19, Isbnyuliyn umẓn Timzguida n Allal, gan as s ism " la madrague ", bnan gis luzinat, tigmma d yan uftas amaynu n tgmrt d immskaln n isɣnzitn. Ur sul iga ɣayan abla ixulan, ar asn tinin Ixulan n la madrague. Amma ɣila ḥiden ɣayam kullu.
Taɣazut Irɣ (Ayt Wasifad)
Isɣwan yaḍnin
Taggayt:Ayt Wasifad (Idaw Ggʷniḍif) Taggayt:Idaw Ggʷniḍif
Taɣazut
Amzruy
Ɣ isggassn gr 1960 d 1970, Lkmn tisutin n ma mu tinin " hippies " s Taɣazut, nttni ad yujjan adɣar i iɛrrimn imɣrabiyn d willi skarn surf.
Asnmkta
Ar ittini usiḍn lli ittyuskar ɣ usggʷas n 2014 mas :
Amalul n usudu n taddangiwin
Iga umallu n ussudu n taddangiwin yan umallu lis baḥra tuyssan tamdint n Taɣazut. Ilin uggar n 20 n ixf n umalu ntaddangiwin.
Tamallayt
Ard itzur kraygatt asggas id walf n imallayn li di tackanin ɣ kraygatt mani ɣ madlan, baḥra z lurop, d marikan, wala ɣ ugns n tamurt lmrruk. Ilin imallayt n tɣazut li di tackanit ɣ tagrst wala ɣ sif. Ar ttinit tawi lfjuj n
Ɣayli sis izdin
Taggayt:Timdinin n Lmɣrib Taggayt:Taɣrma Taggayt:Sus
Taknza Umzil (Ayt Ɛin)
Taknza Umzil iga yan uḍwwaṛ illan ɣ tgrawt n Awgnz, tasga n Wactukn-Ayt Baha, tmnaḍt n Sus-Masst ɣ tgldit n Lmɣrib. Iwala aḍwwaṛ ad i tqbilt n Ayt Ɛin. Mk lli imla usiḍn n imzdaɣn n Lmɣrib n usggʷas n 2004 lli tskr Tsmirit tamattayt n usɣiws, ilkm uṭṭun n imzdaɣn n uḍwwaṛ ad 59 n ufgan, ig uṭṭun n tawjiwin 10.
Isɣwan yaḍnin
Taggayt:Ayt Ɛin (Awgnz) Taggayt:Awgnz
Talgzawt (Ayt Wasifad)
Talgzawt iga yan uḍwwaṛ illan ɣ tgrawt n Idaw Ggʷniḍif, tasga n Wactukn-Ayt Baha, tmnaḍt n Sus-Masst ɣ tgldit n Lmɣrib. Iwala aḍwwaṛ ad i tqbilt n Ayt Wasifad. Mk lli imla usiḍn n imzdaɣn n Lmɣrib n usggʷas n 2004 lli tskr Tsmirit tamattayt n usɣiws, ilkm uṭṭun n imzdaɣn n uḍwwaṛ ad 47 n ufgan, ig uṭṭun n tawjiwin 11.
Isɣwan yaḍnin
Taggayt:Ayt Wasifad (Idaw Ggʷniḍif) Taggayt:Idaw Ggʷniḍif
Muḥmmad u Ɛli Awzal
Muḥmmad awzal (ism aɣzzaf: Muḥmmad u Ɛli u Brahim Akʷbil Awzal n induzal) iga amara axatar akkʷ ɣ umzruy n tskla n tutlayt taclḥiyt. Ilul ɣ dar 1680 ɣ uḍwwar n Lqaṣaba ɣ wakal n tqbilt n Induzal lli illan ɣ tsga n Sus ɣ Lmɣrib, immt ɣ 1749.
Ism nns d iẓuṛan nns
Iga Bu Lḥsn Muḥmmad u Ɛli u Bṛahim Awzal u Sus, iẓuran nns da tturruyn s tqbilt n Induzal (هوزالة) tasusiyt. Ittyusan dar ayt Sus s “Akʷbil”, taguri ad tkka d ism "ikʷbiln" lli igan yan ufus imqqurn ɣ llan kkuẓ iḍuwwarn ɣ tga lqṣba yat, tg ula tamazirt n lfiqh d mani ɣ iddr, tili gi-s tinml nns ar ɣil. Suln isagurn n tgmmi nns gr isagurn n uḍwwar n Lqaṣaba aqbur, ar asn aqqran middn s «tigmmi n ccix».
Taridirt
Ur ittyussan umya f isggʷasn imzwura n tudrt n Ccix Awzal. Asggʷas n tlalit nns ula ntta ur ittyussan, macc imrzzutn da ttqddarn is ilul ɣ dar 1660 ɣ...
Tasdlist
Taggayt:Ttlba
Muḥmmad Usus
Iga Muḥmmad Usus (munatas) yan umara amaziɣ iḥiḥi. Yura yan udlis ɣ mann 36 n uḍris ism nns iɣfawn d isasan. Iffaɣ-d udlis ad ɣ 2006. S twisi n tmrslt tawalt, issufɣ-d yan msmunawal iẓlin s imudar s ism n Amawal n imudar, gis 1330 n tukcimt.
Isaɣuln
Taggayt:Imaratn Imaziɣn
Tamyurt
vignette|tamyurt n taslit n unZaRTamyurt tga tikli d uɣal (tamyurt n igdudn) lli f munn kra n trubba n ufgan, niɣ igdudn, tṭṭf darsn anamk lli d dar addur iggutn g tudrt nnsn, ili dar mayan maṛṛa aẓuṛ g umzruy. tg awd agzzum zg lfulkluṛ.
Imun g tmyurin, tifaskiwin d ihdumn lli ilan atig dar ugdud ( zund amdyaz n isuyas d izlan inamurn d win tffugliwin.
Zḍaṛnt tmyurin ad ddrnt g tudrt n ugdud ifḍn n tasutin.
Tawalt n tmyurt anamk nns g tutlayt, iga a illi myarn middn ar as tt allsn gʷmin tifras nns ssnn timatarin nns, mdin fllas ad ur yafuḍ, lli ɣ yad dars illa uẓuṛ g umzruy, ẓlin tnt middn. ilint  timyurin izdin d tsrtit d tid illan d usgd d tiyyaḍ zdint d wanawn n tffugliwin n tussna.
Asnml
Illa usissn lli ismann kigan n iswingimn izdin ngr asn, lli ifkan i tguri n tamyurt anamk mas tga tugt n iswingimn d iɣalln lli myarn middn ar asn ttalllsn ɣ tudrt nnsn tili darsn tzdayt d isgdan d tussniwin, d kigan zɣ iswingimn ad igan dar middn tikli g tmyurin kkan d tasutin lli izrin yaru tnt umzruy, ɣamant gnt issktay n ugdud. ( ikkli d iwin - anṭuni gidnz d jak biṛk- f ussissn n tmyurt).
Nẓḍaṛ ad nini mas gan imsarn d twuriwin lli ur yukz yan lli inɣuban awd nttnti timyurin, ar tnt smuttiyn middn zɣ tasut s tayyaḍ s ils, ur akkʷ ttyurint zund ( amdyaz, d izlan n tẓilla, d izlan n tffugliwin, d tikli n wussan...), ar tt muttiynt tmyurin zg tasut s tayyaḍ imutti disnt usnfl n izmaz d uswingm...
Llan kigan n udmawn d iskkinn g llant tmyurin, rad zɣ gisnt nbdr :
- Anawn n tngmi n tẓuṛi iẓlin.
- Iswingimn d tikli d iɣaln lli tt arun isgdan d tsrtit d igdudn d tnbaḍin. am ( iffuglutn inamurn, d izlan inamurn, d tfaskiwin, d tffugliwin n isgdan...)
- D iɣaln d tikli n middn izdin s ugama d tmagit d umzruy. vignette|Tanaẓuṛt tamaziɣt - Talɣiwin n tingmi n ils :  lli igan kigan n isnumln s tutlayt tatrart n tingmi tanafgant tamagdudt, lli izdin s tannayin n ugdud d iswingimn nns, ar tnt addrn middn s ils waha. (tullisin, inzitn, tayffarin, tiḥuja …). vignette|Ancient Gnawa amazigh. - Aẓawan : lli immrksn s kigan  ɣ umaḍal s kra iga tt anawn, zund aẓawan amṛṛuki lli illan s wanawn s kigan, kra iga tt adɣar ilin gis yan wanaw sis iẓlin (tirubba, ṛṛwayṣ, aḥwac, tamawayt…). issfal uẓawan amṛṛuki ar iskar adɣar nns ngr iẓawann n umaḍal zg 1952, iklli ibdr amzraw ɛzzuz lḥuri, macc llant kigan n tirmiwin lli izwarn is llant ttawzmmamnt g talɣatin d imassn n uẓawan amaynu. vignette|Tamɣart tamaziɣt - Timlsa : gant timlsa zɣ timyurin lli iẓlin agdud f wayyaḍ g umaḍal, ig tifras n wanawn n tmagit ig awd ayda n umzruy, d usnflul n tẓuṛi.
G lmṛṛuk gant tmlsa tamyurt iẓlin  s ugdud amṛṛuki lli d tfl tingmi tamaziɣt.
Taẓalimt
Tga yan wanaw n Tuga.
Isaɣuln
Taggayt:Tuga
Twudm (Ayt Ɛin)
Twudm iga yan uḍwwaṛ illan ɣ tgrawt n Awgnz, tasga n Wactukn-Ayt Baha, tmnaḍt n Sus-Masst ɣ tgldit n Lmɣrib. Iwala aḍwwaṛ ad i tqbilt n Ayt Ɛin. Mk lli imla usiḍn n imzdaɣn n Lmɣrib n usggʷas n 2004 lli tskr Tsmirit tamattayt n usɣiws, ilkm uṭṭun n imzdaɣn n uḍwwaṛ ad 22 n ufgan, ig uṭṭun n tawjiwin 3.
Asfsy n usfru
vignette|asfru tutlayt tacinwit
Asfru iga yat talɣa sg talɣiwin n tẓuṛi tasklant, isdan f tallast n yan usurs s tɣarast n tifirin d yiẓaṭan, iɣ gant tifirin(strophes) ad tizgrarin ula iɣ gant tigizulin, illa f umdyaz ad nn yili d usfru nns g mad izdyn d isqqulen ula istalen nns. Yili fellas ad issemrs ikwlan utlayanen fulkinin afad ad taḍfut tmdyazt timim g tiɣri nns, macc tiskanin(caracteristiques) tisursanin ar ttemzaraynt sg usfru ar wayyaḍ, sgisent istalen, anawn n usurs, cḥal n usurs ad yuma usfru... ig anẓmay ad nissan mas-d ku asfru yuma yan neɣ-d mennaw n isursen d mas iga uswuttu d tzrawt n tɣarasin n usfru tad isdan f yat trabbut n tsurifin.
Asgrar(cadre) amatay
Asgrar amatay ar gis ttuzrawent tfadiwin timatayin lli g yura umdyaz asfru, ilint mennawt tfadiwin, sgisent timerniwt(évolution) aṛumansy, aɣilan(moderne), ilelli, aklasiky, amzruyan, asertan, amunan d udelsan. Sg dinn(dinna/ɣinn) ar ntteddu ar nsmun ifkiten d tiktiwin f umdyaz s yiman nns, aẓuṛ nns, aswir nns ussnan d twuriwin nns. S umdya iɣ iga umdyaz Aliby ar nzerru asfru nns azayku, d is tella kra n tuqqna(relation) gr usfru nns d tmentilt n tamurt nns.
Tafgga tuma kṛaḍt n tferkiwin tirslanin gantent
- taferka n usmuqqel n uḍṛis, taferka-a tzdy s talɣa yumanen d iderrazen ibeṛṛanen nna yusi uḍṛis, zun-d talɣa n uḍṛis, tasegda(archtecture) nns amm anck n yiẓaṭan, asqqul d ustal, d usku alijundy(légendaire), tazrawt n uzwel d uswuttu n tmagit nns, s umdya azwel “WAẒ” n umdyaz Muḥmmad Wagrar iga ɣas taguri, ur igi tawinst neɣ-d kra yaḍnin. Ilemma ar nẓeṛṛa tabrida tutlayant nna gis ittusmrasen, is d-tedda g talɣa n wanaḍ neɣ-d asḥuṛmu, fad s usmuqqel n tbrida n ussemd n usfru nemmaɣ ilemma ad nkerf snat tfadiwin-a.
-Taferka n urmas, g tferka-a ar nzerru tamayt n usfru akkw,aya sg ubṭṭu nns f tiyanin tinamkanin, neɣ-d timentilin neɣ-d tiktiyin, neɣ- tiwlafin... atg Ar nssigzul tiɣawsiwin-ad akkw g twinas gzzulnin isenfalayen tamayt, ar gis nessuman ula taskwfelt n urmas nnɣ i tamayin.
Tikiwt
Tikiwt tga yan wanaw n waddag, tikiwt tla isnnann. Ttyawssan tikiwt mas tga taɣbalut n tammnt.
Asfsy n usfru
Tafgga tuma kṛaḍt n tferkiwin tirslanin gantent
-Taferka n usfsy, g tferka-a ar nassy aḍṛis s iferdisn nns irslanen d iṣkawanen, taferka ad tuma kigan n tferkiwin gantent, amawal d yigran inamkanen, agama n umawal ad is iga aqbur neɣ-d amaynu, irxa neɣ-d immra, amunan neɣ-d accbaṛan, agaman neɣ-d imzzi, d uswuttu n yirmawen illan kigan g usfru, d tuqqna n yirmawen-a s tmentilt nna iskasay usfru
Tutlayt Talimant
Tga Talimant (s talimant: Deutsch) yat tutlayt ittuysawaln ɣ wammas n urubba. tga talimant tutlayt tamaddudt ɣ Waliman, tg yat zɣ tutlayin timaddudin ɣ Ustrayk; Swisra; Anẓul n tirul (tasga ɣ iṭalya); tagrawt tamslalimant n Bljika, Luksmburg, d Liktnctayn. Ar sis sawaln kra n 100 n umlyun n ufgan.
Asfsy n usfru
Tafgga tuma kṛaḍt n tferkiwin tirslanin gantent
Anyaten n usfru gan sin:
Tutlayt Talimant
Tga tlimant zg twja n tutlayin tijṛimaniyin tutrimin zun d Tinglizt d Thulandit. Kigan zɣ umawal nns ila tazdayt d tnglizt, maccan tajṛṛumt nns tmmkrs uggar.
Asfsy n usfru
Tafgga tuma kṛaḍt n tferkiwin tirslanin gantent
Anya abeṛṛan, ar gis nswuttu asif n tmdyazt d usqqul d istalen nns, is ur izry umdyaz agwri(système) n usfru, neɣ-d is t izry, fad ar nssuman tawala n wasif ad g usfru, d menck as imsasa d usurs, ilemma nddu s tguriwin ggwranin s yiẓaṭan akkw iɣ yadelli isker umdyaz yan uskkil s ar akkw ttgaran.
Anya agwensan, g wanya-a ar gis nsmuqqul tullsa n yimsli neɣ-d tawinst neɣ-d taguri neɣ-d akkw iẓiṭi, ar nzerru amsasa gr yirmawen d is illa ummstel ageṛḍan d ubḍḍu ihiyyan nns, afad ad ngulu s uẓawan agwensan g usfru d is tsker tilalt nns nna s nn gis nqqel(aderrz n yiman)
Tutlayt Talimant
Isaɣuln
Taggayt:Tutlayt
Asfsy n usfru
Ifeṛḍisn n tewlaft tawsfrut:
Assmers n umatar g wallas f usɣan, neɣ-d amzruy, neɣ-d umiyen, neɣ-d g wallas n tmulasin tiɣerfanin.
Tazrawt n imsfulkiten n usenfaly illan g uḍṛis. Acku ifeṛḍisn-a gan inẓmayen kigan  g ussuman n tɣarast n ussilɣ n tewlaft tudyizt n uḍṛis d is tga tafalkayant neɣ-d tasentayant neɣ-d tanamkant, ula assuman n twala nns.
Imassen d tɣarasin:
Tazrawt n yimassen d tɣarasin ittusmrasen g wallas n usfru, is iga taɣarast tasenɣemsant s wanawn nns, neɣ-d tiɣarasin tuṣkayanin(sgisent: anaḍ, abheḍ, tagallit, taɣuṛi, aseqsi, tafada...)
Asiggel s imqqimen ittuqdcen(ittusmrasen) g yinaw, d uswuttu n tzdayt grasen d yizmaz nnsen ula imyagen gis llanin, ɛad nswuri f tzrawt n waddad d usfers d usqeddic nnsen g uḍṛis n usfru, fad s tzrawt n ugama n twinst is tga tassaɣant neɣ-d is tga tamyagant, tuddist neɣ-d tafrarayt, d ugama d wanawn n imzdayen gr twinas.
Annzgem s tzrawt n tuṣka is iga usfru wad ilan yan usurs neɣ-d is innebḍa, d is illa umsasa g twuri tudyizt.
Tawuri ɣef ussuman n yidɣaren n unfal g usfru mk/iɣ illa, ilemma s usniry(similarité), ula asmaynu d usedɣi.
Assuman n tilalt lli akkw urarent tifras ad g uḍṛis udyiz, d menck ad senfalint tannayt n umdyaz i tudert nna ittidir d tillawt ula tallit, ig awd anẓmay ad nissan mas iga uswuttu n yimẓlayen d tifras g uḍris wad ittawsen g tussna n tinmel d usaka udyiz nna sg iga umdyaz, is-d tinmel taṛumansit, neɣ-d tanamkant nna ittenfagamen(ittemzarayen) s udɣar s wayyaḍ.
Di tigira kud nsala sg tzrawt n tmsrayin akkw lli nbder, ar nswuri f usmun n tyafutin s yan wudm isdiden, afad ad nsmutteg aḍṛis nenbeḍ fellas. Ayad sg mayad d-iddan:
Ancek n tɣẓent d tkerkas d wuddem n usemmaqel n umdyaz d usemnid nns i usfru d umsasa akd yinaw udyiz, ula anck n tiffulsa(sincérité) d tifawt n tufrayin d ibddaden nns mnid n usurs n usfru neɣ-d amentil nna iskasay.
Anbeḍ f ugama n ubeddad n umdyaz g usfru is iga amernaw neɣ-d aweqqan(engagé) d ugrawli.
Asmutteg d usakud n tirmit n umdyaz sg uḍris, ayann sg usemzazel n usfru nns d isfra yaḍnin usinin iman n usurs nns nit, bac ad nn ngulu tallit n unfal d usmaynu g usfru, ula taskwfelt n ussuman n tuṣka n usurs.
Ayt Hmmu u Musa (Ayt Ɛin)
Ayt Hmmu u Musa iga yan uḍwwaṛ illan ɣ tgrawt n Awgnz, tasga n Wactukn-Ayt Baha, tmnaḍt n Sus-Masst ɣ tgldit n Lmɣrib. Iwala aḍwwaṛ ad i tqbilt n Ayt Ɛin. Mk lli imla usiḍn n imzdaɣn n Lmɣrib n usggʷas n 2004 lli tskr Tsmirit tamattayt n usɣiws, ilkm uṭṭun n imzdaɣn n uḍwwaṛ ad 37 n ufgan, ig uṭṭun n tawjiwin 6.
Isɣwan yaḍnin
Taggayt:Ayt Ɛin (Awgnz) Taggayt:Awgnz
Awrir Ubɛuḍ (Ayt Ɛin)
Awrir Ubɛuḍ iga yan uḍwwaṛ illan ɣ tgrawt n Awgnz, tasga n Wactukn-Ayt Baha, tmnaḍt n Sus-Masst ɣ tgldit n Lmɣrib. Iwala aḍwwaṛ ad i tqbilt n Ayt Ɛin. Mk lli imla usiḍn n imzdaɣn n Lmɣrib n usggʷas n 2004 lli tskr Tsmirit tamattayt n usɣiws, ilkm uṭṭun n imzdaɣn n uḍwwaṛ ad 12 n ufgan, ig uṭṭun n tawjiwin 2.
Tutlayt Tamahaq
Tamahaq nɣ Tamahaɣt (Tinglizt: Tahaggart Tamahaq, Tamahaq Tahaggart) s waḍu nns ad igan tutlayt tatwargit tagafayt ittyusawaln ɣ Dzayr, Ataram n Libya d ugafa n Nnijer. Mmzrint s imikk f tutlayin titwargiyin n ugmuḍ n idrarn Ayr, Azawaɣ d Adaɣ. Inuḥyuten ɣ umata gan win tsnmslit, zun d Tamahaq ɣ yida n Tamajaq nɣ Tamceq.
Timzarayin
Llant kraḍt tmazarayin mqqurnin n Tamahaɣt :
Isaɣuln
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Awrir Ubɛuḍ (Ayt Ɛin)
Isɣwan yaḍnin
Taggayt:Ayt Ɛin (Awgnz) Taggayt:Awgnz
Taẓallit
Taẓallit ɣ iger n usgd tga tt yat tawuri nna iskar ufgan mnnawt tkkal g wass, ar gis itetter ufgan aylli ira zɣ dar ṛbbis.
S umdya, g Lislam llant Smmust tẓalliwin g wass, bḍan t f wass, zg zikk ar iḍ.
Taẓallit g Lislam :
Gant Smmus :
Taggayt:Asgd Taggayt:Lislam
Taẓlayt
Tẓlayt ( s Tafransist : spécialité)
Taẓkka n Djabal Ṭariq
thumb|246x246px|Taẓkka n Djabal Ṭariq Taẓkka n Djabal Ṭariq nɣ Aẓru n Djabal Ṭariq (s tinglizt: Rock of Gibraltar), illa akk mad as ittinin Adrar n Djabal Ṭariq mqqar ur t-ig. Tga Taẓkka ad yat tẓkka nɣ yan uẓru imqqurn illan ɣ tsga n Djabal Ṭariq lli d iwalan i tmazirt n Briṭanya.
Cfcawn
vignette|tawlaft n tɣrmt n cfcawn
Tga tɣrmt n Cfcawn niɣ Ccawn niɣ Accawn yat tɣrmt lli ila assaɣ n (tɣrmt tazzgzat) tga zɣ tɣrmt n iẓẓlmḍ n lmɣrib, tasga  n ṭanja tiṭwan lḥusima. tlla tɣrmt n cfcawn zɣ tasutin lli izrin urta tlli tlalit iklli mlan inagan imrzutn n umzruy d taṛkyulujit, macc tiɣrmt ad tsufa s uẓnẓṛ n tɣrma zg usggʷas n 1471 g tasut n mulay ɛli bn ṛcd, lliɣ tt iga d tɣrmt iḥḍan imslmn n landalus tsbrrktn lliɣ tn d ṭṭayn isbanyuln, tg awd iɣrm n isardasn afna n ufrag.
illa g tɣrmt n ccawn yan wanaw n tudrt ɣ tmsasa kigan n tussna d udmawn n kigan n timyurin n ufgan, msasan t tmyurin ad ngrasnt zɣ wahli n tasutin lli izrin, d wafulki ajugṛafi lli dars illan, iga tt asggʷas n 2010 mas tga tiɣrmt tamatart n unagraw n tiram g yill amllal amṛwaṣu zɣ dar  tmaddast n lyunisku. d ula tifrkiwin n tussna d tniḍi d tẓuṛi lli gis illan, ilint gis awd tiɣawsiwin lli igan tin tɣrmt am tiɣawsiwin n tkrza d tniḍi.
Lyunisku:
Ṛṛbaṭ - tsgurant, ass n ukṛas, tɣrmiwin n lɛyun d bngrir d cfcawn ad gint tɣrmiwin n uslmd sg tnmallayt n tmta ymann n usgmi d tmassant d tdlsa (lyunisku).
inna yan usiwḍ n ugraw anamur amɣrabi n usgmi d imassn d tdlsa mas tɣrmiwin ad llant ammas n yat tzṭṭa tagraɣlant n "lyunisku" n tɣrmiwin n uslmd, lli yttuskarn ɣik lli tra "tsguri n "bikin" xf tɣrmiwin n uslmd", ittusɣẓann g usgraw agraɣlan n tɣrmiwin n uslmd lli ymann g bikin gr 21 d 23 kṭubṛ 2013.
isul inna wsiwḍ mas agraw anamur amɣrabi n usgmi d imassn d tdlsa iman d tɣrmiwin n lɛyun d bngrir d cfcawn ammas n uḥyyl n isdawn n tamskadt nnsn, d iṛa yatn ad zzigrn isutln d isbdadn lli tsrs "lyunisku" af ad tssn imstayn imsqadn n imal. vignette|tawlaft n crruda ngr cfcawn d wad law
Tajugṛafit
Tlla cfcawn g isil n udrar n lqlɛt, ssutln as taccawin n idrarn am tismlal, buḥaja, maku. tlla taggug 60 id kilu mitṛ iffus aminig n tɣrmt n tiṭwan. ttrs cfcawn f wakal yumẓn g tsna 11.4 id kilu mitr 2 kilumitr zɣ gis tumẓtt tɣrmt n ccawn tazaykut. d isukn lli iffaɣn igudar n tɣrmt tazaykut d kra n tmnaḍin zund tamnaḍt n lɛyun d udrar, d iswak igan zund iduṛan ur irwasn iswak n tɣrmt g ugnsu nns zun asuk n gruzim, turɣin, ḍhṛ bn ɛyyad…
Akrwas n umaḍal n trabbutin 2022
Akrwas n umaḍal n tkurt n uḍar n trabbutin 2022 tga tabrza tiss 19 zɣ tbrziwin n ukrwas n umaḍal n tkurt n uḍar iẓlin s trabbutin n tkurt n irgazn, rad tturarn imnalatn nns ddu umalu n tamunt tagraɣlant n tkurt n uḍar (FIFA) ɣ tmazirt n Lmɣrib zɣ 1 fibrayr ar 11 fibrayr 2022. Iga ukrwas n umaḍal n trabbutin 2022 walli rad ittuskir tikklt tiss kṛaḍt ɣ tmazirt n Lmɣrib.
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Tajugṛafit
Tbḍa tɣiwant n cfcawn f f kṛaḍt tmnaḍin. ilkm uṭṭun n imzdaɣ g tɣiwant n cfcawn uggar n 57.329 n ufgan iklli imla uzrru n imzdaɣ d tzduɣt asggʷas n 2014.
Akrwas n umaḍal n trabbutin 2022
Isaɣuln
Taggayt:Tunnunt
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Aẓuṛ n ism
ikkad wassaɣ n cfcawn taguri tamaziɣt (asawn) niɣ (acawn) lli mi iga unamk nns g tmaziɣt (asawn n udrar) s tutlayt n tɛṛabt (سفح الجبل), taguri ad tmlal kigan i tawlaft nns tajugṛafit. tili awd taguri yaḍnin g tmaziɣt lli imsasan d wassaɣ nns (ccayf n usawn) lli igan (ccayf n ucawn) ccayf g tmaziɣt igat ixf n udrar, d acawn niɣ asawn igat isil n udrar g tutlayt tamaziɣt.s tutlayt n tɛṛabt ( شايف ن أوشاون أوأساون = قمة السفح أوالجبل), tili taguri yaḍnin lli igan (askawn) lli d iffɣn zɣ usuf n (isk) tfk anamk yaḍnin, s tutlayt n tɛṛabt (  أسكاون ايشاون = قرون او مفرده اسك ). macc anamk tusi tguri ad taggug kigan i tawlaft n idrarn n tɣrmt.
Amzruy
vignette|tawlaft n tɣrmt n ccawn f isil n udrar. G usggʷas n 1471, lliɣ kkusan ibṛṛanin ibrtqqizin tiɣrmawin illan f uftas zund ṭanja d lqṣṛ amẓyan d aẓila, iga nn ugʷrram mulay ɛli bn ṛacd tiggʷas nns ḥma ad nn irar ibrtqqizin ad d ur kcmn s ugnsu n tmurt. tizi ann iskr ugʷrram ad yan uɣudu n isardasn f icuyaf n idrarn lli issutln i tɣrmt n cfcawn. tizi ann tazduɣt n tɣrmt ur bahra tzgi f ufra, lliɣ ad fllas kccmn trubba n indalusin kra iga tt azmz (iklli bdrn warratn srusnin), tg tɣrmt ad tizi ann tga am agadir lli iḥḍan tiɣrmt zɣ iɣwwaɣn ibṛṛanin, tg zund ‘tiɣrmt tafuẓart’.
ilul mulay ɛli bn ṛacd g udwwaṛ n gruzim asggʷas n 1440. idda ugʷrram s landalus lliɣ ilkm ɣ uwtay nns 30 n usggʷas ḥma ad idru g imnɣi lli illan afna n imasiḥin ḥma ad ḥaman f iwutta n tgldit taɣṛnaṭit. ɣin aɣ itahl s yan tmɣart tkcm asgd n lislam s umaynu lli ilan assaɣ n lalla ẓhṛa zg tɣrmt n bxir di lafruntira.
G usggʷas n 1456, iwrrid mulay ɛli bn ṛacd s lmɣrib ḥma ad izdaɣ g udwwaṛ nns gruzim, yafd daddas nɣant ibrtqqizin g imnɣi n bujmɛa, immaɣ tizi ann mulay ɛli bn ṛacd s imnɣan lli iskr ḥma ad d irar snat tɣrmawin lli ukrn ibṛṛanin sbta d ṭanja.
ismatti tazduɣt n middn g tɣrmt zɣ tsga tẓlmaḍt n wasif n ṛas lma ar tasga tafasit, gn iswaɣn n mayan iskr iswaɣn istṛatijin, ad zɣ gisn nbdr : ad mlaln i ifri n ṛas lma d ad ilin ddaw uḥṭṭu n icuyaf n idurar lli issutln i tɣrmt.
G uzmz n kraḍt tasutin, tuma tɣrmt llig gis zdaɣn ibudrarn n tanila nns d middn d yiwrrin zɣ landalus. awd tuma tɣrmt ad s kigan n tmrsal gis bnant tnbaḍin lli s tt iwalan ɣ kra igatt azmz, timzgadiwin d uḥṭṭu n isardasn zɣ kra igatt agadir lli as issutln lli ilan uggan n mraw imawn. g tama n lqṣbt lli ibna mulay ɛli bn ṛacd, ttbna yat tmzdiga tamqrant, lli mi ullsn i tska nns g tasut n sa d mraw, tla tmzgida ad yat tmyaddant ilan atig iɣusn igan tamkkuẓt ar n ttaggʷa f yan usays n luṭa n lḥmmam.
G umzruy, tga tɣrmt n cfcawn tazaykut  tiɣrmt tamɣribit lli ɣ tumun tussna tamɣribit s kra igatt udm d anaw n tussna tandalusit d fllas ikcmn. zg 1471- 1609, kcmn d s tmdint kigan n imuslmn imɣribin lli d iwrrin zɣ landalus lliɣ tn d ṭṭayn imasiḥin zɣ sbanya. ɣan af tla tɣrma n tmdint kigan n udmawn n tussna imsasan. tṭṭaf tɣrmt ad atig s wafulki n tzdugi dars illan d udɣar agaman abudrar llig tlla. awd aẓkka nns iṭṭf unuɣn d wanawn n tska igan tamɣribit z uẓuṛ lli ifalkin s tifrkiwin n unuɣn lli igan tin tɣrmt, d umsasa n ikʷlan d tgʷmma ifka i tɣrmt yan waddur akswat g tɣrma n lmṛṛuk akkʷ.
Muḥmmad Wis Ṣḍiṣ
Muḥmmad wis ṣḍiṣ (s tfṛansist: Muḥmmad VI) iga agllid n Lmɣrib nttan ad igan agllid wis simraw d kraḍ zɣ igldann n Lmɣrib iɛalawiyn, ilul ɣ wass n 21 ɣuct 1963 ɣ tmdint n Rrbaḍ.
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Timatarin timzray
vignette|tawlaft n tɣrmt n cfcawn zg igudar n lqṣbt
Lqṣbt
Nnan warratn n umzruy mas ttawssann iwtta n tɣrmt zɣ tsga lli mi ttinin (عدوة وادي شفشاون) ar asggʷas n 1471, lliɣ bdrn warratn mas taɣrma n cfcawn tssfal g ufus n ugʷrram mulay lfqih bu lḥsn lli ittawssann s bujmɛa. g ḍaṛat nns illa iwis n daddas bulḥsn ɛli bn ṛacd ikmml i twuri nns, allig iga iwtta n tɣrmt g tsga n wasif yaḍnin ( العدوة الاخرى ), ibnu gis lqṣbt nns zdaɣn gis ayt dars d willi t iwalan.
Tlla lqṣbt g tsga n tagut n tɣrmt, tg lqṣbt ad uẓu n tɣrmt amzwaru, lliɣ tt iga mulay ɛli bn ṛacd adɣar n tzduɣt n tawja nns d isardasn nns ḥma ad yili uḥṭṭu zɣ brtqqiz. aẓkka n lqṣbt, issutl as ugadir f llan mrawt talbṛjin, ig wanaw ann n tska anaw illan g landalus. agnsu n lqṣbt iṭṭf yat turtit tamqrant ifalkin s snat tmdayinn waman. ig usalay atnugṛafi wad yumẓn tasga n iẓẓlmḍ n tagut n lqṣbt. amzruy n usalay ann ar immal mas ittbna g tagara n tasut n 17. ibnat ɛli arifi lwali n ugllid mulay smaɛil f tmnaḍt ann. iga usalay ad amamk n tgʷmma tizaykutin timɣribin lli innuṛẓmn f usarag n ugʷns nns g tlla tala n waman, ssutln as tmṣṛay ilin tiyyaḍ g tdala tis snat. vignette|Tala waman tazaykut tafalkayt s unuɣn nns g tɣrmt n cfcawn tamɣribit
Asays n luṭa n lḥmmam
iga usays n luṭa n lḥmmam yan usays n umun acfcawni iwala i tɣrmt tazaykut n cfcawn, tg tsna nns 3000 mitru, ig ul n tɣrmt amzruy amallay, d kigan n ibrdan n tɣrmt ar sis ttawin. g umzwaru iga usays ad yan wammas n ugadaz anmalass, ar gis ttilin middn n tsgiwin n tɣrmt d imzdaɣ n tɣrmt. ur sul igi usays ad ɣilad agadaz idwr iẓli s tɣawsiwin n tmallayt ilint tsiram g udɣar n tḥuna n tsbbabt. ifalki usays s tala waman gis illan tili ɣ tama nns tmzdiga mqqurn d lqṣbt, g usays ad ag ttilin isfuglutn d inmuggar am: anmuggar n lɣrya n iẓẓlmḍ d unmuggar amaḍlan n umzgun.
Timzgida mqquṛn n cfcawn
Timzgida mqqurn n tɣrmt n cfcawn tga yat tmzgida tazaykut yutn s iẓuṛan nns g umzruy.
Awli (Ayt Ɛin)
Awli iga yan uḍwwaṛ illan ɣ tgrawt n Awgnz, tasga n Wactukn-Ayt Baha, tmnaḍt n Sus-Masst ɣ tgldit n Lmɣrib. Iwala aḍwwaṛ ad i tqbilt n Ayt Ɛin. Mk lli imla usiḍn n imzdaɣn n Lmɣrib n usggʷas n 2004 lli tskr Tsmirit tamattayt n usɣiws, ilkm uṭṭun n imzdaɣn n uḍwwaṛ ad 15 n ufgan, ig uṭṭun n tawjiwin 3.
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Timzgida mqquṛn n cfcawn
Tẓli tmzgida ad s tsna mqqurn yumẓ d tassumɛit nns ilan atig akswat, iṭṭf awd ttriyat n ukccuḍ illa f iggi n tduli n lmḥrab, tẓil tunuɣt gisn illa tṭṭf addur. vignette|yan usuk zg uswak n tɣrmt n cfcawn tamɣribit
Awli (Ayt Ɛin)
Isɣwan yaḍnin
Taggayt:Ayt Ɛin (Awgnz) Taggayt:Awgnz
Muḥmmad Wis Ṣḍiṣ
Tamɣra
Itahl ugllid Muḥmmad wis sḍis s Lalla Salma ɣ wass n 21 mars 2002, ɣ iɣrm agldan, gin tafugla n tmɣra ass n 12 d 13 d 14 n yulyu 2002 ɣ Rrbaḍ.
Tawja
Taggayt:Lmɣrib
Cfcawn
Asuk n landalus
ittbna usuk ad ḥma ad ig tazduɣt n trabbut tis snat n middn d iwrrin zɣ landalus asggʷas n 1492. g umamk immrwas usuk ad d usuk n tassuqt, macc iẓli usuk n landalus s tska nns taṭubbugrafit s tgʷmma gis illan lli ilan snat tdaliwin niɣd akkʷ kṛaḍt ḥma ad amunt tawjiwin n middn, iṭṭf usuk ad kigan n imawn. vignette|ikʷlan n umlil d uzzgza n yan usuk zg uswak n tɣrmt n cfcawn tamɣribit
Asuk n lɛnṣṛ
iga iflu n lɛnṣṛ awuttu n tɣrmt s tsga n iẓẓlmḍ n tagut zɣ dar ugadir n tɣrmt n cfcawn, agadir ad lli mi ullsn taska nns kigan n tikkal, acku tiɣrmt ar tt unɣl tɣrmt tasutin f tasutin. d imzdaɣ n usuk ad ur udjan amamk n usuk ad s iklli iga, acku iɣ iẓṛa yan talbṛjt n ugadir illan f usuk ad ur trwas talbṛjin ann yaḍn ila ugadir ann f tsga n iswak ann yaḍn, d talbṛjt n usuk ad tga tllast n tlabṛjt tazaykut s tt inn ikkan lli irwasn akud ann talbṛjt n iflu lɛin, awd nttan ar aɣ issktay g umamk nns talbṛjin n tɣṛnaṭt.
Taṣṣurt
thumb|Tamdint taqdimt n Taṣṣurt, ɣiklli d tettbayan ɣ yill. Taṣṣurt neɣ Mugadur (s taεrabt: الصويرة) Tigzirin n Amugadul llant twayssannt yakan ɣ tasut tiss VII dat Ɛisa s dar ifiniqiyn, iqarṭajiyn d Ruman.
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Asuk n iṣbbann
illa f tsga n ubrid ittawin s ṛas lma. llant g usuk ad kigan n tẓuḍa n waman tizaykutin lli s tt inn ikkan ar sisnt ẓẓaḍn middn aqqayn n uzmmur. ili g usuk ad awd yan ufarnu azayku izdin d yal tlggʷit tlla f wasif n lfwwaṛa.
Taṣṣurt
Tga Taṣṣurt yat tmdint illan ɣ izzlmḍ n Iḥaḥan. Tlla ɣ wakal n tqbilt tiḥiḥit n Ida Ugrḍ.
Juṛj Uṛwil
vignette|Juṛj Uṛwil Irik Artuṛ Bliṛ s tutlayt tanglizit :  « eric arthur blair » wad a igan assaɣ nns n tiddt. «  juṛj uṛwil » s tutlayt tanglizit :  « george orwell » lli igan assaɣ nns ɣ ubaraz n tskla, lli s ittawssan ( sg 25 yunyu 1903 ar 21 innayr 1950), iga anɣmas ig awd amara abṛiṭani n tskla d warratn n tɣnsa d tridarin tanimanin d ssinaṛyu, ig ula afrnan n tskla. iswuri iga anmhal n inaflusn, ig aslmad, d umazan asrdas, d umzznz n idlisn.
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ifri n ṛas lma
iga ifri n ṛas lma yan uẓu n tɣrmt n cfcawn akkʷ. acku ifri ad ikkatt inn ig sul yan uɣbalu n waman n tissi n tɣrmt d waman n tayrza. ig tiddas n tɣrma n cfcawn imlal i usuk n iṣbbann.
Juṛj Uṛwil
Tawwuri nns ttawssan s mas tga tanafawt s uflls iggutn, ifls wul nns s tanamunt tadimuqṛatit, ur iḥml anbaḍ anamun, isawl f irkkʷidn lli imunn d tnbaḍin timsdurrutin timdnakin, d gar imyagn lli salant ɣ izrfan n imadann.
Taṣṣurt
Aẓur n wawal
thumb|Azmz n Tassurt Ism n Taṣṣurt ikka d ṣṣwira lli igan ism aɛrab. Ism ad ifka yas-t uslṭan aɛlwiy Muḥmmd U Ɛbd-llah lliɣ tt daɣ iṣlḥ ɣ 1760.
Imi u Aglagal (Ayt Wasifad)
Imi u Aglagal iga yan uḍwwaṛ illan ɣ tgrawt n Idaw Ggʷniḍif, tasga n Wactukn-Ayt Baha, tmnaḍt n Sus-Masst ɣ tgldit n Lmɣrib. Iwala aḍwwaṛ ad i tqbilt n Ayt Wasifad. Mk lli imla usiḍn n imzdaɣn n Lmɣrib n usggʷas n 2004 lli tskr Tsmirit tamattayt n usɣiws, ilkm uṭṭun n imzdaɣn n uḍwwaṛ ad 15 n ufgan, ig uṭṭun n tawjiwin 4.
Juṛj Uṛwil
Ilul umara nnɣ g 25 yunyu 1903, g mutihari ɣ tsga n bihaṛ tahindit, ɣ yat tawja illan g tsskkʷflt tamṛwaṣut. iɣr g tsdawit n « iṭun » d tsdawit n « ulingṭun »
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Abrid n lmɣrib
iga ubrid n lmɣrib aɣaras mqquṛn g zrayn inmmudda d tmssudutin ar ittawi s ugadaz n tɣrmt anmalass.
Juṛj Uṛwil
Yuḍn umara nnɣ amqran s tmaḍunt n ssull iga ukan sul aɛrrim, immt g usggʷas n 1950, ili g uwtay nns tizi ann kumraw d ṣḍiṣ n usggʷas, ittawmḍal g tɣrmt n uksfuṛd cir.
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Tiwlafin
Taggayt:Timdinin n Lmɣrib Taggayt:Tamallayt Taggayt:Taɣrma
Juṛj Uṛwil
Idlisn nns
Yura kigan n twuriwin lli bahra ittawssan :
Imi u Aglagal (Ayt Wasifad)
Isɣwan yaḍnin
Taggayt:Ayt Wasifad (Idaw Ggʷniḍif) Taggayt:Idaw Ggʷniḍif
Taṣṣurt
Aẓur n wawal
Ɣ uzmz n ugllid yuba wiss sin, tettyabdar s ism n "Tamuziga". Amma ɣila ttyafkant kigan n turdawin f aẓur n ism Mugadur nna fkan irumiyn i tmdint ad. Mac tanna akk° gisn iṣḥan tga tt xtad iḍfarn: Ism n "Mugadur " ibayn d tikklt akk° izwarn ɣ yat tkrḍa n Pizzigani ɣ 1367. Ɣ tasut tiss 11, ibdr Lbkri ism n "Amgdul " lliɣ isawl f tmdint ad ɣ udlis nns " Lmasalik Wa Lmamalik ".
Juṛj Uṛwil
Idlisn nns
-« distubi » lli igan ungal iffɣ d ɣ 1984 lli yad lli yura g 1949.
Taṣṣurt
Aẓur n wawal
Illa mad fllas ittinin "mm ugḍrur " s taḍsa, acku ar gis ittigut rriḥ, iskr agḍrur.
Juṛj Uṛwil
Idlisn nns
-d ungal nns « uẓu n imudar » ɣ usggʷas n 1945.
Taẓerbiyt tamaziɣt
thumb|Tiẓerbay timaziɣin ttyafsernin. Tga tẓerbiyt tamaziɣt yan wanaw n tẓerbay ar tent-ẓeṭṭan imaziɣen.
Juṛj Uṛwil
Idlisn nns
-d « ussan ibuṛmiyn » lli zɣ usiɣ tullist ad.
-d tullist «  amnɣu n ilw », yan ugzzum idrusn zɣ tskla nns lli yura.
yara kigan n twuriwin yaḍn lli igan tin tsrtit d tussna d tɣnsa…
Taṣṣurt
Asnmkta
Ar ittini usiḍn lli ittyuskar ɣ usggʷas n 2014 mas :
Ɣaylli sis izdin
Taggayt:Timdinin n Lmɣrib Taggayt:Taɣrma
Wit Walrwin (Ayt Wasifad)
Isɣwan yaḍnin
Taggayt:Ayt Wasifad (Idaw Ggʷniḍif) Taggayt:Idaw Ggʷniḍif
Ḥadda Uɛkki
vignette|Tawlaft n tnaẓuṛt tamaziɣt Ḥadda Uɛkki Ḥdda Uɛkki nɣ Ḥadda u Ɛkki (s tutlayt taɛṛabt حادة أوعكي) tga tanaẓuṛt taxatart lli illan g yan waddur d uswir amajgal. Tlul g usggʷas n 1953, g Zzawit n Ayt Sḥaq tanila n tɣrmt n Xnifra g waṭlaṣ amṛwaṣu. Ar tturar tnaẓuṛt nnɣ s tutlayt tamaziɣt s ils n tmaziɣt n waṭlaṣ amṛwaṣu.
Tudrt nns
Tlal Ḥdda uɛkki ɣ gr yat tawja, lli iḥḍan iskkinn isgdann lli izdin d tussna nnɣ, tawja ad s ɣikan ur akkʷ tgi atig i imurig d uẓawan, mdin tizi ann i Ḥadda Uɛkki bac ad tbḍu d urar d uẓawan lli as igan tayri d twngimt. Stahln tt g uwtay nns amẓẓan, s yan uryaz ilkm g uwtay nns uggar n 70 n isggʷasn.
Ikka litihal ann kra idrusn tili tbḍit, tddu tizi ann s Tgmmi tumlilt ɣ usggʷas n 1969 g uwtay nns tizi ann 16 n usggʷas.
Ɣinn g tɣrmt ann a g tmnaggar d unaẓuṛ "bnnaṣṛ uxuya", bac ad skrn tarrbiɛt n umarg lli ikkan uggar n 15 n usggʷas.
Tawuri nns
Kra zɣ tallɣatin lli turar tnaẓuṛt Ḥadda Uɛkki: