cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Ayt Mus (Azur Iɣaln)
Isɣwan yaḍnin
Taggayt:Azur Iɣaln (Awgnz) Taggayt:Awgnz
Tizi Uzmmur (Azur Iɣaln)
Tizi Uzmmur iga yan uḍwwaṛ illan ɣ tgrawt n Awgnz, tasga n Wactukn-Ayt Baha, tmnaḍt n Sus-Masst ɣ tgldit n Lmɣrib. Iwala aḍwwaṛ ad i tqbilt n Azur Iɣaln. Mk lli imla usiḍn n imzdaɣn n Lmɣrib n usggʷas n 2004 lli tskr Tsmirit tamattayt n usɣiws, ilkm uṭṭun n imzdaɣn n uḍwwaṛ ad 27 n ufgan, ig uṭṭun n tawjiwin 9.
Isɣwan yaḍnin
Taggayt:Azur Iɣaln (Awgnz) Taggayt:Awgnz
Lkanisa n imsgguyta igʷrramn
asnuml:
ttbna lkanisa ad takatulikit ɣ ddaw n ufrag n fṛanṣa g usggʷas n 1928, tẓil  tẓkka nns tg yat tmuzunt lli d dar atig akswat, s wanaw n unuɣn iẓlin s tɣrma n lmṛṛuk d ddikuṛ iẓlin s fṛanṣa, tga lkanisa ad tamatart n tnzgit n tska  lli igan tin tasut lli izrin.
tnnuṛẓm iflwan nns i middn g usggʷas 1929. tili g giliz lli bahra ittamun s middn, g tuẓẓumt  n tɣrmt, lkanisa ad tga tamatart n umsuruf d ufra lli illan g tmurt n lmṛṛuk ngr isgdan akkʷ.
iɣbula:
Taggayt:Timdinin n Lmɣrib Taggayt:Tamallayt Taggayt:Taɣrma
Ayt u Bṛayyim (Ayt Wafayaḍ)
Ayt u Bṛayyim iga yan uḍwwaṛ illan ɣ tgrawt n Idaw Ggʷniḍif, tasga n Wactukn-Ayt Baha, tmnaḍt n Sus-Masst ɣ tgldit n Lmɣrib. Iwala aḍwwaṛ ad i tqbilt n Ayt Wafayaḍ. Mk lli imla usiḍn n imzdaɣn n Lmɣrib n usggʷas n 2004 lli tskr Tsmirit tamattayt n usɣiws, ilkm uṭṭun n imzdaɣn n uḍwwaṛ ad 22 n ufgan, ig uṭṭun n tawjiwin 4.
Isɣwan yaḍnin
Taggayt:Ayt Wafayaḍ (Idaw Ggʷniḍif) Taggayt:Idaw Ggʷniḍif
Awdid (Ayt Wafayaḍ)
Awdid iga yan uḍwwaṛ illan ɣ tgrawt n Idaw Ggʷniḍif, tasga n Wactukn-Ayt Baha, tmnaḍt n Sus-Masst ɣ tgldit n Lmɣrib. Iwala aḍwwaṛ ad i tqbilt n Ayt Wafayaḍ. Mk lli imla usiḍn n imzdaɣn n Lmɣrib n usggʷas n 2004 lli tskr Tsmirit tamattayt n usɣiws, ilkm uṭṭun n imzdaɣn n uḍwwaṛ ad 8 n ufgan, ig uṭṭun n tawjiwin 2.
Isɣwan yaḍnin
Taggayt:Ayt Wafayaḍ (Idaw Ggʷniḍif) Taggayt:Idaw Ggʷniḍif
Tfrada (Ayt Wafayaḍ)
Tfrada iga yan uḍwwaṛ illan ɣ tgrawt n Idaw Ggʷniḍif, tasga n Wactukn-Ayt Baha, tmnaḍt n Sus-Masst ɣ tgldit n Lmɣrib. Iwala aḍwwaṛ ad i tqbilt n Ayt Wafayaḍ. Mk lli imla usiḍn n imzdaɣn n Lmɣrib n usggʷas n 2004 lli tskr Tsmirit tamattayt n usɣiws, ilkm uṭṭun n imzdaɣn n uḍwwaṛ ad 44 n ufgan, ig uṭṭun n tawjiwin 13.
Isɣwan yaḍnin
Taggayt:Ayt Wafayaḍ (Idaw Ggʷniḍif) Taggayt:Idaw Ggʷniḍif
Tutlayt Tamaziɣt n Waṭlas anammas
Tamaziɣt n Umrruk anammas, gi-s kigan n tntalayin, nẓḍar ad nfrz zgi-snt sin anawn : tin n ugafa d tin n iffus.
Addag n tutlayt
──o Tafrusyawit ├─o Proto-Tamaziɣt 1 (-7000) └─o Proto-Tamaziɣt 2 (-2000) ├─o Tamaziɣt n ugafa └──o Tamaziɣt n waṭlas └──o Tamaziɣt n Waṭlas anammas
Izdayn n brra
Taggayt:Tutlayin timaziɣin
Lmkḥla (abckiḍ)
thumb|Anawn n Lmkḥla amɣribi Lmkḥla tamɣribit (s darija: مكحلة) tga yan wanaw zɣ wanawn ibckiḍn n uqqṛyan tiqbuṛin, ar tssmras ɣ wansa n tsrdast gr tmiḍi tiss ṣḍis d mraw d tizwiri n tmiḍi tiss si mraw, ɣilad ar ttili ɣ igdudn n iyysan ittwassnn s "Ttbuṛida".
Mzaraynt tmitar d tmẓlay n "Lmkḥla" tamṛṛukit f matta tmnaḍṭ illan ɣ tgldit,d tɣarast n uhyya-nns ar ttiri kigan n uffulls.
Amazrar n uhyya
Ar ittili ɣ umazrar n uhyya n Lmkḥla tamṛṛukit kigan n tazzulin:
Tamamknt n tamguri
thumb|Lmkḥla s talɣa nns tamaynut ad t igan d ttbuṛiḍa D inmazaln n wassa na yssnn i tazzulin ad s kṛaṭ ɣ yat tizi zɣ tasɣnbut d taznadt d uzyyn imk-i-nna aɣ-inna yan unmazal:
Da nzggur s  tɣnbut n wuzzal  tabldiyt nɣdd taṛumiyt, ɣ uḥanu n wafa "lkanun" afad as nfk talɣa-nna nra, dfir ar yttddu unmazal s tikli n  taznadt  nna yzrrin ula nttat ɣ kigan n tikliwin f igzzumn nna gis illan, tga-tt  Tɣzdist  imẓiyn d imqqurn d  Awririy  idd tikli n  ukccuḍ  (tikli n uzyyn) ar nttiri akccuḍ ad ig zɣ usklu n  Tswik , ṭaṛas ar inxṛ umhyyu taklalt n ubckiḍ s yan ucaquṛ imẓẓiyn  lkaduma  i smsilt afad ad yasy talɣa tamggarut n  Lmkḥla  (tabckiḍt) imk-nna s t-nssn.
Ayt Msɛud (Azur Iɣaln)
Ayt Msɛud iga yan uḍwwaṛ illan ɣ tgrawt n Awgnz, tasga n Wactukn-Ayt Baha, tmnaḍt n Sus-Masst ɣ tgldit n Lmɣrib. Iwala aḍwwaṛ ad i tqbilt n Azur Iɣaln. Mk lli imla usiḍn n imzdaɣn n Lmɣrib n usggʷas n 2004 lli tskr Tsmirit tamattayt n usɣiws, ilkm uṭṭun n imzdaɣn n uḍwwaṛ ad 63 n ufgan, ig uṭṭun n tawjiwin 12.
Isɣwan yaḍnin
Taggayt:Azur Iɣaln (Awgnz) Taggayt:Awgnz
Tutlayt Tamirandit
Tamirandit (s tamirandit: mirandés,s tabṛṭqqizt: mirandês) tga yat ɣ tutlayin li isawal uɣrf n Abrtqqizi. Tg yat ɣ tutlayin tirumiyin lli d yuckan ɣ talatinit. Tg tutlayt tunṣibt tisnat li itty sawaln ɣ tmazirt n Brtqqiz tama n tabṛṭqqizt.
Taggayt:Tutlayt
Afsad
Afsad (s tsrɣint : دعارة, s Tafṛansist : prostitution) iga tawwri tamanawt da iskar ufgan akud nna iskr tuqqut d kra n ufgan yaḍni macc agis yamẓ iqqaṛiḍn. Afsad tkcm gis tuqqut, ccṭḥ, ukus n iktlan, asmurig d usmdya amanaw.
thumb|Yat tmggant ar tsawwal d yan umssaɣ g tmdint n [[Tuṛinu, Ṭṭalyan]]
Afsad g umaḍal
[[Afaylu:Prostitution laws of the world.PNG|thumb|upright=2|
]]
K (Askkil)
Iga K yan sg iskkiln n ugmmay alatin n tmaziɣt.
Tiwlafin
Taggayt:Tirra Taggayt:Askkil amaziɣ Taggayt:Tutlayt tamaziɣt Taggayt:Tutlayt
Tiwɣza (Ayt Wafayaḍ)
Tiwɣza iga yan uḍwwaṛ illan ɣ tgrawt n Idaw Ggʷniḍif, tasga n Wactukn-Ayt Baha, tmnaḍt n Sus-Masst ɣ tgldit n Lmɣrib. Iwala aḍwwaṛ ad i tqbilt n Ayt Wafayaḍ. Mk lli imla usiḍn n imzdaɣn n Lmɣrib n usggʷas n 2004 lli tskr Tsmirit tamattayt n usɣiws, ilkm uṭṭun n imzdaɣn n uḍwwaṛ ad 41 n ufgan, ig uṭṭun n tawjiwin 12.
Isɣwan yaḍnin
Taggayt:Ayt Wafayaḍ (Idaw Ggʷniḍif) Taggayt:Idaw Ggʷniḍif
Muḥmmadya
Tga Muḥmmadya nɣ Fḍala (s taɛrabt : المحمدية; ism nns aqbur : Fḍala) yat tiɣrmt tamɣribit illan tama n tamdint n Tigmmi Tumlilt, taggug fllas ɣar s kra n ikulumitrn idrusn.
Ar ittini usiḍn lli ittyuskar ɣ usggʷas n 2014 mas tamdint ad zdɣn gis tqriban kra n 207 670 umzdaɣ.
Asnmkta
Ar ittini usiḍn lli ittyuskar ɣ usggʷas n 2014 mas :
Isaɣuln
Taggayt:Timdinin n Lmɣrib
Kʷ (Askkil)
Iga Kʷ yan sg iskkiln n ugmmay alatin n tmaziɣt.
Agʷlmim (Azur Iɣaln)
Isɣwan yaḍnin
Taggayt:Azur Iɣaln (Awgnz) Taggayt:Awgnz
Mḥnnd Lɛnṣṛ
Iga Mḥend Lɛenṣer yan wergaz n tsertit, ig anessiɣef n ukabar Amussu aɣerfan. Ilul aseggʷas n 1942 ɣ Isbuten, Imermucenˀ.
Iɣrm n lbahya
alt=tawlaft n unuɣn n tẓuṛi tamzruyt tamṛṛukit, iɣrm n lbahya mṛṛakc lmṛṛuk|vignette|tawlaft n unuɣn n tẓuṛi tamzruyt tamṛṛukit, iɣrm n lbahya mṛṛakc lmṛṛuk
Iga Iɣrm n Bahya (s tfṛansist : Palais de la Bahia) yan g tmatarin n umzruy n tɣrmt n Mṛṛakc tamṛṛukit. Iffɣ d uslgn agldan zɣ iɣrm n ugllid n tgldit l lmṛṛuk g 21 innayr 1924, ifrs ɣ tɣmist tamaddudt, mas iga zɣ iɣrman imzruyn, lli f illa f tnbaḍt ad t tḥṭṭu ɣ ddaw n uslig d iffɣn s ḍḍahiṛ amaɣud 4 yulyuz 1922, lli iẓlin s uḥṭṭu n wayda d tingmi n tgldit n lmṛṛuk.
Agadir n Gmzt (Ayt Wafayaḍ)
Agadir n Gmzt iga yan uḍwwaṛ illan ɣ tgrawt n Idaw Ggʷniḍif, tasga n Wactukn-Ayt Baha, tmnaḍt n Sus-Masst ɣ tgldit n Lmɣrib. Iwala aḍwwaṛ ad i tqbilt n Ayt Wafayaḍ. Mk lli imla usiḍn n imzdaɣn n Lmɣrib n usggʷas n 2004 lli tskr Tsmirit tamattayt n usɣiws, ilkm uṭṭun n imzdaɣn n uḍwwaṛ ad 107 n ufgan, ig uṭṭun n tawjiwin 30.
Isɣwan yaḍnin
Taggayt:Ayt Wafayaḍ (Idaw Ggʷniḍif) Taggayt:Idaw Ggʷniḍif
Iɣrm n lbahya
Illa Iɣrm n Bahya ɣ tmdint n Mṛṛakc, lli d ifl umzruy g uzmz n tnbaḍt taɛalawit, ig iɣrm ad win umawas ḥmad iwis n musa iwis n ḥmad asmlali, g tasut n ugllid ɛbdlɛaziz. amawas ad lli igan anbdad n tnbaḍt akkʷ tizi ann, lli ittawssann s wassaɣ n Bba ḥmad.
Bba ḥmad iwi d inmɣar n iminḍn, d imgurn lli bahra d dar atig lli ittawssann g tmazirt n lmṛṛuk s twuri nnsn d tẓuṛi nnsn ilan atig aksawt, af ad swurin g tska n iɣrm, swurin g iɣrm ṣḍiṣ isggʷasn inmḍfaṛn, macc artum isngara t d iɣrm nns urta akkʷ t iẓṛi lliɣ t tiwi tmttant g usggʷas n 1900 urta akkʷ gis tnfalal twuri. Ig iɣrm ɣil ad zɣ tmatarin n umzruy lli bahra ittawssann g tɣrmt n Mṛṛakc.
Tizuna d tdaliwin
Ibḍa iɣrm f kigan n tuzunin d tmṣṛay d tdaliwin d tmdayin d urtan, d urzaf lli ɣ tlla yat turtit mmi tlla ɣ tuẓẓumt nns yat tfḍna lli ittussann s wassaɣ n Agʷdal n Bba ḥmad. Lliɣ immut Bba ḥmad ggʷzn g iɣrm ad kigan n inmɣuṛn zdɣn gis g usggʷas n 1906, ig yan gisn, Lmadani aglawwu gʷmas n lbaca n Mṛṛakc, thami aglawwu, ibna gis tduli tis snat, awar nns iggʷz gis Lmqrri ar asggʷas n 1912. Awar n usggʷas a, ila iɣrm yan umsasa amaynu ig iɣrm n umzdaɣ amatay afṛanṣi Lyuṭi, gn gis tiswuwwa d tmzizwa n waḍu, tg tsna nns akkʷ 22 ifḍ n mitru amkkuẓ, macc tasna nns tidras lliɣ yad gis bnan kigan n wammasn g turtit tamqrant, lli bḍan zɣ iɣrm, idwr awd imi nns aẓɣuṛan lli yadda illan g usuk n ṛṛyaḍ zzitun amaynu, immatti s yat timit imlaln i usuk n ssalam (Lmllaḥ), tagara n usuk n (ɛṛṣt lmɛac).
Ṛṛyaḍ amẓyan
Zɣ tzuna lli innuṛẓmn i wid ranin ad ẓṛn iɣrm d imallayn, tga tt tazunt ɣ illa ṛṛyaḍ mẓẓiyn, ig uzun ad yat zɣ tzuna lli bahra ifulkin iẓlin g ugnsu n iɣrm, iẓli s taska nns irwasn tin tinmal tizaykutin, issqfan nns idln s ikccuḍ imsasan  ilan ikʷlan ismriqqiyn.
Ig ṛṛyaḍ ad imẓẓiyn tadala n Bba ḥmad lli ɣ a isnubga inmɣuṛn n tnbaḍt, zɣ tdala ad a zɣ a sfrikn iskkinn n tmurt.
Zɣ tasayst taminigt, ar nn tkccmt f ṛṛyaḍ mqquṛn zɣ yan uɣʷdmmi iṛcmn s unuɣn imṛṛukin, ṛṛyaḍ ad lli ittusnfln kigan n tikkal g uzmz n ‘bba ḥmad’, ɣ tdala tamqqrant taminigt  llan kra n izlan n umdyaz iṛcmn f lgabṣ ar tsawal f umzruy  lli izrin f tska n iɣrm.
D ula tadala n illan f iffus n iɣrm dwrn t gis kigan n tmatarin lli tmmal talɣa n tduliwin d unuɣn d ṛṛcum, ili  f tsga n tdala ad adɣar g tlla tmɣart n ‘ bba ḥmad’, ig udɣar ad yan uqṣṛi idln s ukccuḍ ilin t gis snat tmṣṛay d sin isaragn.
Ig iɣrm ‘lbahya’ yat  tmuzunt  ifulkin d iɣaman ɣ umzruy amṛṛuki lli  nn bahra ur nn yaggugn, iẓli s iflwan nns izaykutn iṛcmn, d tmawayin  nns d isskʷla nns d wadal gis imɣin lli ittawssann s ‘asmɣi’.
Adɣar n tmallayt
Tasnawayt n Iɣrm Bahya mas  iga yat tmatart n umzruy amṛṛuki g usggʷas n 1922 lli f ad ttackan imallayn  zɣ  ugʷns  n tmurt tamṛṛukit  awd imallayn n umaḍal, af ad ẓṛn  taẓuṛi taqburt tamzruyt yutn s iẓuṛan  ɣ tussna d umzruy amṛṛuki, d aylli akkʷ gis iẓlin g iɣrm ad ɣ tẓuṛi tga tt unuɣn lli s ṛcmn ikccuḍn n tduli.
Amnzag issfaln taska n iɣrm
illa f tska n iɣrm ad amnzag ‘muḥmmad iwis n lmkki amssiwi’, lli ilmdn taẓuṛi n ṛṛcm ɣ ukccuḍ g tɣrmt n mknas, ilmd gis awd taẓuṛi n unuɣn n lgabṣ g tɣrmt n fas, tizi n usardas anbdad afṛanṣi (arkman) lli  igan aslway  n ukabaṛ afṛanṣi urta illi ufrag, macc walli issfaln taska tamzwarut n ‘iɣrm n lbahya’ iga t  ufus n lḥajb agldan ‘musa iwis n ḥmad lbuxari’, nttan ad isbddn iɣʷrban n ṛṛyaḍ amqran d tsayst tagafayt n iɣrm is izwar, a illiɣ  tbdd twuri g tsga ad n iɣrm asggʷas n 1886, awar n tmttant nns, issfal iwis lli ilan assaɣ n Bba ḥmad ad ismd taska n iɣrm, ismun tizi ann ɣ umzwaru uggar n 60 n tgmmi af ad gnt iɣrm amqran.
Iɣbula
Taggayt:Mrrakc Taggayt:Taɣrma
Tci Givara
Ernesto "Che" Guevara nɣ d tci gibara s tfinaɣ (1928 – 1967) ikka tt nn iga yan ugrawliy amarksiy argantiniy. iga yan wudm axatar ɣ tgrawla takubant.
Isaɣuln
Taggayt:Imɣnasn
Igalfn
Igalfn iga yan wusun iḍfaṛn i tqbilt n Id Busksu igan yat tqbilt g tqbilin n twsit n Ayt Bṛayyim. Usun ad iwala i macixat Ayt Waḥsun, tgrawt n Bunɛman, tasga n Tznit.
Taggayt:Sus Taggayt:Tiznit Taggayt:Ayt Waḥsun
X (Askkil)
Iga X yan sg iskkiln n ugmmay alatin n tmaziɣt.
Isaɣuln
Taggayt:Tirra Taggayt:Askkil amaziɣ Taggayt:Tutlayt tamaziɣt Taggayt:Tutlayt
H (Askkil)
Iga H yan sg iskkiln n ugmmay alatin n tmaziɣt.
Imṭṭawn n waɣar (Tears of Steel)
thumb|imṭṭawn n waɣar imṭṭawn n waɣar (Tears of Steel s tanglizt) iga asaru n usmusu s amssuds n bu kṛaḍ uggugn s blandr itfsr ɣ usgg°as 2012.
H (Askkil)
Taggayt:Tirra Taggayt:Askkil amaziɣ Taggayt:Tutlayt tamaziɣt Taggayt:Tutlayt
Tibi
Tga yan wanaw n Tuga.
Isaɣuln
Taggayt:Tuga
Buwallil (Azur Iɣaln)
Buwallil iga yan uḍwwaṛ illan ɣ tgrawt n Awgnz, tasga n Wactukn-Ayt Baha, tmnaḍt n Sus-Masst ɣ tgldit n Lmɣrib. Iwala aḍwwaṛ ad i tqbilt n Azur Iɣaln. Mk lli imla usiḍn n imzdaɣn n Lmɣrib n usggʷas n 2004 lli tskr Tsmirit tamattayt n usɣiws, ilkm uṭṭun n imzdaɣn n uḍwwaṛ ad 15 n ufgan, ig uṭṭun n tawjiwin 3.
Isɣwan yaḍnin
Taggayt:Azur Iɣaln (Awgnz) Taggayt:Awgnz
Brahim Asli
Brahim Asli iga anaẓuṛ amaziɣ iwis n tmnaḍt n Sus, ar iswwray g wammas n usmdya d uẓawan, ar iskar Taṛṛwayṣit. Ilul Brahim Asli g Iḥaḥan usun n Darmaman g usggʷas n 1976.
Tcarlz Darwin
thumb|Carlz Darwin ɣ usggas 1854 Carlz Darwin nɣ Tcarlz Rubirt Darwin (Charles Robert Darwin, 12 bṛayr 1809 – 19 ibrir 1882) iga wiss sin n tarwa n umsasfar Rubirt Darwin (1766-1848), d ayyaw n Irasmus Darwin (1731-1802), amdyaz d umjjay d umssan n tmust.
Tudrt nns
Tcarlz dars 8 isggʷasn alliɣ tmmut ymmas, Suzana (1765-1817). Tcarlz Darwin issnti tiɣri nns n tmsasfart ɣ tsdawt n Idinburg, imik ifl tt iḍfur tusna n usgd ɣ Kambridg. Maca aylli yiwin anli nns iga t umzruy n tmust. Ɣ dujanbir 1831, Carlz Darwin yaẓ nn s 23 n isggʷasn, mad yad iga amssan n tmust, iffaɣ ɣ yan ummuddu mqqurn issutl d i umaḍal ɣ yan uɣrrabu mqqurn ittussan s Bigl. Aslmad nns Jun Hinsluw (1795-1861) ad t ismunn d ukbitan Rubirt Fitzruy (1805-1865). Tcarlz Darwin ɣ uzmz ann iɣra bahra tamust ilint dars tugt n turmitin. Smmus isggʷasn n umuddu, iffaɣ gisn tcarlz s tugt n tannayyin ɣ tjylujit, ismun gis anawn n imudar d ifusiln. Ismun tugt n wanawn kraygat yan d ma ad t izdin d wiyyaḍ s yat tɣarast tamassant. Tg tifi nns tamaynut dar mddn n tusna. Tifrkiwin n tudrt nns munent f yat tyafut: amuddu nns lli ɣ d issutl i umaḍal, abddad nns ɣ tgzirin n Galabagus (zɣ 15 cutanbir ar 20 ktubr 1835) iga azmz anbdad ɣ tudrt nns. Tigzirin ann n Basifik nna yagan 1000 n km d iftasn n tmrikt n unẓul yufa nn gisnt aylli nn ur itam, kra n wanawn ikkan tasutin f tasutin. Maca aylli bahra yiwin tiṭṭ nns igat lliɣ ur irwas yan wanaw gʷmas ngr tgzirt d tayyaḍ. Dar ifkriwn (ibutgratn), tadawt illa ma ɣ tqqur, illa ma ɣ tbzg ɣ tama n umggrḍ. dar kra n waylaln, iggut ma ɣ ngaran, iɣnbab nnsn naḥyatn zɣ tgzirt ar tayyaḍ. Lliɣ yurri s Nngliz, amassan, immaɣ ad isgadda iswingimn nns. Kraygat yat ɣ tannayin nns ar t tglly s yat tswingmt : anawn akkʷ n imudar ar hlli ttnifiln imik s imik, tafrka s tfrka.
Ɣ umnad nns aylli d yiwin asnifl ad igat izdayn illan ɣ tmust ngr wanawn, mamnk s ar ittmuttuy yan wanaw s wayyaḍ ig yan yaḍnin. Awal n uflla, anawn ar ka ttnifiln, acku imrasn ɣ d nttnin ar tnifiln, tawila lli zziḍrn i izmaz imaynutn ka d itɣaman, mayan a f ar d bdda ttgurun wanawn yaḍnin afuḍn wiyyaḍ. Maca taswingmt isugrn dar Darwin tgat mas ifls mas d anawn akkʷ darsn yan usala, d kra igat yan gitsn iffaɣ d zɣ wayyaḍ. Ɣ wuggar n 20 n usggʷas a ɣ iḍfar Darwin ar ismun igzman n tswingt nns, ur d issufɣ kra n udlis acku ifrk is rad fllas yigut waqqur, d rad igutn isyafatn hrcnin f tswingt nns. Ɣ usggʷas 1858, yan uɛrrim amassan n tmust, Alfrid Walaṣ (1823-1913), yuzn i darwin yan uḍris mẓẓiyn yaẓn i iswingimn nns f usnifl n wnanwn. Darwin ibhḍ, ar ismkilil iswingimn nns ar alliɣ tn zrin wiyyaḍ. Ig ira ad ig amzwaru s man anaw ann ɣ iswingimn illa fllas ad fllasn issufɣ kra n udlis ɣ mad d yaẓn. Ɣ 24 nwanbir 1859, "The Origin of specis" (asala n wanaw) yugga d sul, tunɣilin nna tẓrigt tamzwarut nzant akkʷ ɣ wass amzwaru, mqqar ggutn willi iran ad t irẓ. Iswingimn n darwin f usnif sbzzizn ixfawn nnsn. Taswingt mas nssar yan uẓur d ibuɣas mqqurnin tlluzza bahra mad iffaɣ usala n wanawn. Zɣ wass ann taswingmt n usnifl n wanaw n ufgan ad izziwizn anliwn. Mamnk as nga aylli nga, ɣassad ? Carlz Darwin, tis snat tikkal ar ismingim afad ad iluḥ iswingimn nns. Ɣ tgira, "The Descent of man" (asala n ufgan) yugga d ɣ usggas 1871. Ar nn gis nttafa s yat tɣarast ifrurin tifrkiwin mqqurnin lli fkanin afgan n wass ad lli ittissan s “humu sabins”. Imk lli s ittimɣur ixf d unli, imk lli s a ittaɣd iẓḍi d tawada igaddan s sin iḍarn gan dars imrnutn unṣibn.
Tamza (Azur Iɣaln)
Tamza iga yan uḍwwaṛ illan ɣ tgrawt n Awgnz, tasga n Wactukn-Ayt Baha, tmnaḍt n Sus-Masst ɣ tgldit n Lmɣrib. Iwala aḍwwaṛ ad i tqbilt n Azur Iɣaln. Mk lli imla usiḍn n imzdaɣn n Lmɣrib n usggʷas n 2004 lli tskr Tsmirit tamattayt n usɣiws, ilkm uṭṭun n imzdaɣn n uḍwwaṛ ad 33 n ufgan, ig uṭṭun n tawjiwin 5.
Isɣwan yaḍnin
Taggayt:Azur Iɣaln (Awgnz) Taggayt:Awgnz
Talkunt
Talkunt tga yan usun iḍfaṛn i tɣiwant n unzu. Taggayt:Azilal
Tibibt
Isaɣuln
Taggayt:Igḍaḍ
Q (Askkil)
Iga Q yan sg iskkiln n ugmmay alatin n tmaziɣt.
Isaɣuln
Taggayt:Tirra Taggayt:Askkil amaziɣ Taggayt:Tutlayt tamaziɣt Taggayt:Tutlayt
Imnɣi n Tin Igalfn
Iga imnɣi n Tin Igalfn (07 innayr 1917, imsasan d 26 dujanbir 2866 n usggʷas amaziɣ) yan yimnɣi bahra ittwabdirn mgal n tmharsa g tmazirt n Lmɣrib.Yusi umtwiy ad ism n tin igalfn acku isar g yan udɣar yaẓn i usun n igalfn iḍfaṛn i tqbilt n Id Busksu igan yat sg tqbilin n twsit n Ayt Bṛayyim, adɣar ann ass ad ila assaɣ n agʷni n ḥayda, acku ɣinn a ɣ ittwanɣa ḥayda u mmays lbaca n trudant, bbin gis ixf nns, ittṛẓ gis udfrir afṛanṣiṣ illan s tmuzrt n ḥayda u mmays gar tiṛẓi f ufus n inzbayn n twsatin n waṭlaṣ amẓyan utrim, ayad yujja imnɣi ad, ad ig yan sg imnɣan mqqurnin mgal n umddurruy afṛanṣiṣ g tmnaḍin n yiffus n tmazirt nnɣ s umata.
Tindi
Amtwiy ad immnɣan ad ur ittwattu, ittwasin f ubdar nns, s tugt n tmntal, dar tmrsal timaddudin d tsmirit tamattayt n tnzbayt d igmamn n udfrir n uslelli... zun d imnɣan yaḍnin immaln aburz d waddur illan dar inzbayn n twsatin timaziɣin akkʷ.
Tisuɣal
Taggayt:Sus
I (Askkil)
Iga I yan sg iskkiln n ugmmay alatin n tmaziɣt.
Turact (Azur Iɣaln)
Turact iga yan uḍwwaṛ illan ɣ tgrawt n Awgnz, tasga n Wactukn-Ayt Baha, tmnaḍt n Sus-Masst ɣ tgldit n Lmɣrib. Iwala aḍwwaṛ ad i tqbilt n Azur Iɣaln. Mk lli imla usiḍn n imzdaɣn n Lmɣrib n usggʷas n 2004 lli tskr Tsmirit tamattayt n usɣiws, ilkm uṭṭun n imzdaɣn n uḍwwaṛ ad 27 n ufgan, ig uṭṭun n tawjiwin 4.
I (Askkil)
Taggayt:Tirra Taggayt:Askkil amaziɣ Taggayt:Tutlayt tamaziɣt Taggayt:Tutlayt
Turact (Azur Iɣaln)
Isɣwan yaḍnin
Taggayt:Azur Iɣaln (Awgnz) Taggayt:Awgnz
Iɣir Ifran (Ayt Wafayaḍ)
Iɣir Ifran iga yan uḍwwaṛ illan ɣ tgrawt n Idaw Ggʷniḍif, tasga n Wactukn-Ayt Baha, tmnaḍt n Sus-Masst ɣ tgldit n Lmɣrib. Iwala aḍwwaṛ ad i tqbilt n Ayt Wafayaḍ. Mk lli imla usiḍn n imzdaɣn n Lmɣrib n usggʷas n 2004 lli tskr Tsmirit tamattayt n usɣiws, ilkm uṭṭun n imzdaɣn n uḍwwaṛ ad 49 n ufgan, ig uṭṭun n tawjiwin 15.
Isɣwan yaḍnin
Taggayt:Ayt Wafayaḍ (Idaw Ggʷniḍif) Taggayt:Idaw Ggʷniḍif
Izɛrin (Ayt Wafayaḍ)
Izɛrin iga yan uḍwwaṛ illan ɣ tgrawt n Idaw Ggʷniḍif, tasga n Wactukn-Ayt Baha, tmnaḍt n Sus-Masst ɣ tgldit n Lmɣrib. Iwala aḍwwaṛ ad i tqbilt n Ayt Wafayaḍ. Mk lli imla usiḍn n imzdaɣn n Lmɣrib n usggʷas n 2004 lli tskr Tsmirit tamattayt n usɣiws, ilkm uṭṭun n imzdaɣn n uḍwwaṛ ad 35 n ufgan, ig uṭṭun n tawjiwin 7.
Isɣwan yaḍnin
Taggayt:Ayt Wafayaḍ (Idaw Ggʷniḍif) Taggayt:Idaw Ggʷniḍif
Lɛammt
Lɛammt tga yan wanaw n tẓuṛi tamaziɣt iwtn s iẓuṛan g umzruy n ufgan amaziɣ tasut f tasut, tga taẓuṛi n uṛkaḍ  imunn d nnḍm, tg s yat tgmiḍi iggutn taẓuṛi n irgazn. taẓuṛi ad tlla dar tugt n tqqbilin g Lmɣrib. Tettyussan bahra lɛammt g tqqbilt n infḍwak iwalan i tamnaḍt n Uzilal, tasga n Bni Mllal-Xnifṛa. Lɛammt tga taẓuṛi iẓlin s tqqbilt n infḍwak, tlla lɛammt ula g mnnawt n tmnaḍin n tqqbilt n iɣjdamn inmalan d tqqbilt n infḍwak sg tsga n iffus utrim. . Ism ad n lɛammt illa g tmizar yaḍni zun Ẓayyan d Sus macc idrus, acku darsn anawn yaḍnin n tẓuṛi, Sus gis Aḥwac, Ẓayyan nutni ar tturarn s Uḥidus. Tettuyssan Lɛammt s ismawn yaḍni zun "Lɛmmt" d "Lɛammat".
Ar tettyawskar Lɛammt akud nna illa kra n uzmzzu iẓlin s tqqbilt nɣ s kra n usun nɣ aḍwwaṛ, zun ig tlla tmɣra dar usli nɣ taslit, ttlgit (anmuggur da skarn middn i lɛaml, lqqayd nɣ kra n ubṛlamani) n kra wudm imqqurn, asfuglu s kra n uzmzzu n tsrtit zun istayn nɣ kra n imnɣi. G irir n Lɛammt ar ttbddadn tugt n irgazn ar skarn adur, lsn tijlluba nɣ lfuqqiyyat tumlilin nɣ tiwraɣin (idrus ma g ttilint g kra n ukʷlu yaḍn), d idukan d titqacrin (ar asnt ttinin ttqqacṛ) ula nttnti g ma iggutn ar ttggant tumlilin nɣ tiwraɣin, gn f yixf nnsn acddad nɣ taṛẓẓit (ar as ttinin infḍwak ṛṛẓṭ) tawṛaɣt nɣ tumlilt nɣ ar lssan f ixfawn nnsn tacacit (nɣ ṭṭagiyya) ula nttat g ukʷlu umlil nɣ awraɣ; agʷln g iɣariwn (nɣ iɣṛaḍ) nnsn lkʷmmit, ku argaz ar dis isatti allun nɣ tallunt nns nɣ ar ittḥuc ɣar s ifassn nns, yili ditsn ula bab n ganga, ar ssntayn (nɣ ar bddun) irgazn llɣa nɣ tanḍḍamt ar kkatn allun ar ig iḥma ilmma kcmn d tfrxin (ar asnt ttinin timḥwacin) ilsan lqqṭib d tmlsa tiblday n tmazirt skrnt ula nttnti adur nnsnt dat adur n irgazn macc ur a ditsn ttxllaḍn ar ig ssrɣan lɛammt ilmma ku argaz ar d ilddi yat tfruxt ad dis ittḥuc. Tifrxin ar ttḥucnt s ifassn macc irgazn ar ttḥucn s ifassn nɣ s tallunt.
Aẓuṛ n ism
Aẓuṛ n yism n "Lɛammt" ur illi kra n usaɣul ittyaran fllas isawln, macc ar fllas sawaln middn g tudrt nnsn takuyast. G Lmɣrib ar aṭṭan middn ingr yan ufgan da iḥṣan lqqṛan d wid da ur t iḥṣin, middn da iḥṣan ar asn ttinin "ṭṭlba" (amyun ns Ṭṭalb) nɣ "lmsafrin" (amyun nns lmsafr, ar asn aqqran s ism ad acku ar ttsafarn afad ad ḥṣun lqqṛan); middn da ur iḥṣin Lqqṛan ar asn aqqran s "iɛammin" (amyun nns Aɛammi). Llan kra n iwnnan ittinin mas ism n Lɛammt ittyafka i tẓuṛi ad acku ar tt tturarn ɣaṛr middn da ur iḥṣin Lqqṛan nɣ "iɛammin", ɣayann af tga Lɛammt. Illa daɣ yan wawal yaḍn ittinin mas taguri n "Lɛammt" ar tt ttinin i tẓuṛi ad acku g mad izrin lɛammt ar tt tturarn middn akkʷ n iqqbiln, ku aqqbil nɣ ku usun ar ttmunan imzdaɣn nns akkʷ akud nna illa kra n usfuglu, middn n uḍwwaṛ akkʷ ad igan lɛammt, ur ar ttinin mas tlla lɛammt abla ig ggutn middn. thumb|Ɛbdllah Zidan ar isawwal f Lɛammt g tanara n Fṭwaka (©Avidyu ittyafsar ḍaṛt turagt n mass Ɛbdllah Zidan)
Ar daɣ ttinin middn mas lɛammt tusi ism ad acku ar skarn middn n tqqbilt lɛammt akud nna darsn d yucka kra n wudm imqqurn zun d lɛaml, amawas, agllid nɣ kra n wudm n tsrtit; g unmuggar ad ar gis ttilin inbgiwn (udmawn imqqurn) d middn n tqqbilt (lɛammt), middn da ittḥucn gan sg lɛammt, mayad af tusi tẓuṛi ad ism n "Lɛammt" acku ar tt tturarn lɛammt n middn.
G mayad izrin ku aqqbil ar gis ttilint tugt n trubba n uḥwac, akud nna illa kra n usfuglu imqqurn ar ttmunant tirubba ad g yat trabbut imqqurn ar aqqran s yism n lɛammt.
Dar Waman (Ayt Wafayaḍ)
Dar Waman iga yan uḍwwaṛ illan ɣ tgrawt n Idaw Ggʷniḍif, tasga n Wactukn-Ayt Baha, tmnaḍt n Sus-Masst ɣ tgldit n Lmɣrib. Iwala aḍwwaṛ ad i tqbilt n Ayt Wafayaḍ. Mk lli imla usiḍn n imzdaɣn n Lmɣrib n usggʷas n 2004 lli tskr Tsmirit tamattayt n usɣiws, ilkm uṭṭun n imzdaɣn n uḍwwaṛ ad 26 n ufgan, ig uṭṭun n tawjiwin 8.
Isɣwan yaḍnin
Taggayt:Ayt Wafayaḍ (Idaw Ggʷniḍif) Taggayt:Idaw Ggʷniḍif
Lɛammt
Asnml n Lɛammt
Taẓuṛi n imaziɣn tut s iẓuṛan g umzruy ɣiklli sisn yut ufgan amaziɣ g tmazirt nns. Ur tgi tẓuṛi tamaziɣt kra n imrsi yuhnen akud nna fllas nsawal nɣ nra a fllas nɣr, nlmd mad iga d mad gan iẓuṛan nns. Akud nna isawal yan f tẓuṛi tamaziɣt ar isaqqul tarabbut n middn ar tthḍaṛn, macc akud nna nggiwr s akal nsrs tirsal nara iskkiln nḥṣu tn, ngr iẓṛi nnɣ f ku taqqbilt d tẓuṛi nns, nsiggl amzaray ar ittmmrkas wawal yaḍṛ tannayt nnɣ tamzwarut f tẓuṛi tamaziɣt.
Lɛammt ula nttat tḍfaṛ taẓuṛi tamaziɣt g ummrks, icqqa ad nini g yan wawal ula g mraw n iwaliwn mad igan lɛammt, ɣayann af rad ka nẓẓḍaṛ ad nsrs tifrisin n tẓuṛi ad bac ad nẓẓḍaṛ ad nsmzaray ingras d tẓuṛiwin yaḍnin:
Gr tamawt 1
Tarabbut n Lɛammt tẓḍaṛ ad tskr ula Aḥwac, macc asnti ar ittili s lɛammt ar ittggru s uḥwac ur tẓẓḍaṛ trabbut ad tsnti n uḥwac tggʷra s lɛammt. G uzray sg lɛammt s uḥwac ag ad ttbadal talɣa n irir ngr lɛammt da iẓẓayn d uḥwac da ifsusn g irir ns.
Gr tamawt 2
Ar ssmrasn mddn ism n Lɛammt ula i trabbut da itturarn lɛammt, ar ttinin tuckad lɛammt n nɣ tlla lɛammt s unamk mas d tucka trabbut nna iskarn lɛamt. Lɛammt tga anaw n tẓuṛi tg ula ism n trabbut da itturarn anaw ad n tẓuṛi.
Amzaray gr Lɛammt d uḥwac
Lɛammt ula Aḥwac gant tiẓuṛiwin iɣusn, qqbuṛnt ɣiklli iqqbuṛ ufgan amaziɣ, gant s sin tiẓuṛiwin tturar trabbut n middn, gnt sg tɣarasin n usfuglu dar imaziɣn. Amzaray n ism iḥba amzaray n unamk d talɣa ingr Uḥwac d Lɛammt, iḥba amzaray g uzmz n usfuglu iḥbu amzaray g mad iẓḍaṛn ad isfuglu idru g uznmzzu. Lɛammt tga taẓuṛi n irgazn s tgmiḍi iggutn, aḥwac iga taẓuṛi n g ttmmrkasn middn ar gis ittili wadur n irgazn d wadur n tmɣarin. Lɛammt tga irir n ufus (ṛṛcc) macc lɛammt tga irir n ṭṭaṛat (tallunt). G lɛammt ar skarn irgazn yan wadur ur ẓḍaṛn ad munn nɣ ad skrn taẓaṛt. Amzaray yaḍni illa g lmizan nɣ tazzla n irir d uṛkaḍ, imḥwacn ar ttirirn s tzzla macc ayt Lɛammt ar ttirirn ar tṛkaḍn s lḥilat.
Infḍwak
Ig nḍfaṛ kigan n imrzutn isawln f iẓuṛan d iqqbiln imaziɣn, zun Ibn Xaldun, Ibn Ḥazm d Abu Bakṛ Ṣṣnhaji iqqan d a nini mas Infḍwak ur gin aqqbil, macc gan iɣss nɣ azɣr (s tɛṛabt : بطن) sg iɣsan da iḍfaṛn i uqqbil n Iskurn (s tɛṛabt : هسكورة), inna Ibn Xaldun mas Iskurn gan aytmatn n iẓnagn (iṣnhajn) sg immatsn, zdɣn g udrar n Drn, yini mas Infḍwak gan iɣss amqqṛan g Iskurn, ar gis ittnbaḍn nutni. . thumb|infḍwak g wammas n iqqbiln imaziɣn
Aẓuṛ n ism
Ism ad ur fllas illi kra n usaɣul ittyaran s tmaziɣt, mqqar fllas sawl kigan n imrzutn s tɛṛabt d tfṛanṣiṣt. Aḥmad Tawfiq isawl f ism n "fṭwak" mas iga babatsn amzwaru n infḍwak d ntta af ttyasmman infḍwak, isawl ula f ism n "Fṭwaka" s tɛṛabt. ibn Xaldun, ibn Ḥazm d Abu bakṛ ṣṣnhaji sawln f ism n "Fṭwaka". Mayad a yuddjan ismawn ad ggudin s tmaziɣt, illa ma ittinin "infṭwak", ili ma ittinin "infḍwak". Ula middn g tmazirt n infḍwak ar ttxllaḍn ismawn ad.
Iskurn
Iskurn (s tɛṛabt : هسكورة) gan aqqbil nɣ tamsmunt n iqqbiln (s tɛṛabt : اتحادية قبلية) Tuzduɣt n Iskurn tga tamazirt bahra imqqurn. Ibn Xaldun inna mas tga tuzduɣt n Iskurn sg iffus n wasif n Ḍṛɛa tzrit sg udrar n Drn ar uzaɣar n Tadla. Ḥasan Lwazzan ntta ar ittini mas tamazirt n Iskurn tbda sg tukarin n Dduakal (Dkkala) s umnid n taggut ar wasif n Tansift g dar udrar n Adimi
J (Askkil)
Iga J yan sg iskkiln n ugmmay alatin n tmaziɣt.
M (Askkil)
Iga M yan sg iskkiln n ugmmay alatin n tmaziɣt.
Tutlayt Tanglizt
Tga Tinglizt (s tanglizt: English) yat tutlayt tajirmant ɣ tawja n tutlayin Tihindurufanin. Ar sis isawal wuṭṭun imqqurn n middn ɣ umaḍal, tg ula tutlayt tamzwarut ɣ kra n tmizar zun d Amirika, Britanya, Kanada, Ustralya, Nyu Zilanda,d Tfriqt n unẓul. Kigan n middn ɣ umaḍal ar sis sawaln, tg tutlayt tabṛṛaniyt tamzwarut g kigan n tmizar.
J (Askkil)
Taggayt:Tirra Taggayt:Askkil amaziɣ Taggayt:Tutlayt tamaziɣt Taggayt:Tutlayt
Tutlayt Tanglizt
Tinglizt tga yat tutlayt tajirmanir d utrim, tffɣ d zɣ wawal lli s sawaln middn ɣ Britanya imqqurn, ɣ tmiḍi tiss 5, Inglizn, Isaksunn d Ijutn, n illan d iɣrfan d Ijirmanen, id ikkin zɣ uftis utrim n Ill n Ugafa, n illan d tilila gr n Uliman d Danmark. S manaya acku ntaf Tafrizyant, Talimant n wadday d Tinglizt mrawasnt gr asnt. Llan iḍrisn n tutlayin a zɣ usggwas n 700.
Ayt Bṛayyim
Ayt bṛayyim tga yat tqbilt illan g yiffus n tmazirt n Lmɣrib, g tsga n Tznit, tamnaḍt n Sus Masst. Tbḍa f snat tgrawin Bunɛman d Sidi Buɛbdlli.
Tutlayt Tanglizt
Tutlayt tunṣibt
frameless|right|upright=2 Tga tanglizt tutlayt tunṣibt n 52 n tmizar atnt igan :
Ayt Bṛayyim
Tarakalt
Tarakalt n tqbilt tbḍa f uzaɣar d udrar, akal nns illa g uzaɣar n sus d udrar n waṭlaṣ amẓyan.
Tutlayt Tanglizt
Isaɣuln
Taggayt:ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ Taggayt:ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ
Ayt Bṛayyim
Imzdaɣn
Iɣ niwi f usiḍn amatay amggaru n 2014, lkmn imzdaɣn n Ayt bṛayyim uṭṭun n 16063.
L (Askkil)
Iga L yan sg iskkiln n ugmmay alatin n tmaziɣt.
Taggayt:Tirra Taggayt:Askkil amaziɣ Taggayt:Tutlayt tamaziɣt Taggayt:Tutlayt
Igr Usul (Azur Iɣaln)
Igr Usul iga yan uḍwwaṛ illan ɣ tgrawt n Awgnz, tasga n Wactukn-Ayt Baha, tmnaḍt n Sus-Masst ɣ tgldit n Lmɣrib. Iwala aḍwwaṛ ad i tqbilt n Azur Iɣaln. Mk lli imla usiḍn n imzdaɣn n Lmɣrib n usggʷas n 2004 lli tskr Tsmirit tamattayt n usɣiws, ilkm uṭṭun n imzdaɣn n uḍwwaṛ ad 23 n ufgan, ig uṭṭun n tawjiwin 7.
Tasmɣurt
Tasmɣurt tga yat tawriqt nakka i kra n yan iskeren kra n twuri iẓlin, neɣ ifka i tnfgant kra n tussna ur tt inn ikkan tlla.
N (Askkil)
Iga N yan sg iskkiln n ugmmay alatin n tmaziɣt.
Isaɣuln
Taggayt:Tirra Taggayt:Askkil amaziɣ Taggayt:Tutlayt tamaziɣt Taggayt:Tutlayt
Llyali
Llyali (aḍan) gant yat tizi ittilin g tgrst, ar ttkkant 40 n wass, lant ism ad acku gant aḍan akkʷ igzzuln g usggʷas. ttwassnnt llyali s utnsi iggutn, gnt ussan akkʷ iṣmmiḍn g yimir n tgrst, ayann a f ttinin middn:
● llyali u ddm alim, u kṛḍ axzan, u suff awlk.
Akud n llyali
ku ass n 12 dujanbir g usggʷas amaziɣ ar kccmnt llyali, ffɣnt ass n 20 innayr, ar d ittacka yiḍ n yinnayr g tuẓẓunt nnsnt, ibḍu tnt f snat tgʷzmin, 20 n wass tamzwarut gant aḍan umliln, 20 n wass tamggarut gant aḍan isggann.
Aẓar n tguri llyali
Taguri n llyali tga asuɣl uskil n tguri aḍan, izzugaz bahra ism ad uggar f yism amzwaru acku snyaddant waggagn d ṭṭlba g warratn g yad myarn ad ssuɣuln ism n tmaziɣt aynna ira, ig t s tsrɣint!
Ayt Bu Lḥajj (Ayt Wafayaḍ)
Ayt Bu Lḥajj iga yan uḍwwaṛ illan ɣ tgrawt n Idaw Ggʷniḍif, tasga n Wactukn-Ayt Baha, tmnaḍt n Sus-Masst ɣ tgldit n Lmɣrib. Iwala aḍwwaṛ ad i tqbilt n Ayt Wafayaḍ. Mk lli imla usiḍn n imzdaɣn n Lmɣrib n usggʷas n 2004 lli tskr Tsmirit tamattayt n usɣiws, ilkm uṭṭun n imzdaɣn n uḍwwaṛ ad 46 n ufgan, ig uṭṭun n tawjiwin 12.
Lɛammt
infḍwak n wassad
Tamazirt n infḍwak ɣassad tbḍa f snat tinariwin (nɣ Lqqiyyadat): tanara n Fṭwaka d tanara n Ayt tamllil.
Tanara n Fṭwaka gis kṛaḍt n tgrawin (nɣ Ljamaɛat): tagrawt n tidili Fṭwaka, tagrawt n Sidi Yaɛqub d tgrawt n Anzu. Tagrawt n tidili Fṭwaka gis kṛaḍ imɣaṛn: amɣaṛ n tdili, amɣaṛ n Iḥuddjin d umɣaṛ n Iɣil n tikiḍ. Tagrawt n Sidi Yaɛqub gis kṛaḍ imɣaṛn : amɣaṛ n Ayt mɛlla, amɣaṛ n Ayt flalaḍ d umɣaṛ n Surnn. Tagrawt n Unzu gis ula nttat kṛaḍ imɣaṛn: amɣaṛ n Ayt mḥmmd, amɣaṛ n Tasawt d umɣaṛ n Tglawwut.
Nẓẓḍaṛ a nsnmili infḍwak s tɣarast ad n izddar:
Udmawn ittyawssann n infḍwak
Infḍwak utn s iẓuṛan g umzruy, mayad af sgisnd ffuɣn kigan n udmawn ittwassn, zun:
iɣjdamn
Iɣjdamn ula nttni gan yan sg iɣsan n Iskurn n umalu zun infḍwak, umẓn iɣjdamn f tmazirt n infḍwak sg tsga n iffus, infḍwak ula iɣjdamn llan g idrarn n Waṭlaṣ mqquṛn. Isawl Aḥmad Ttawfiq f iɣjdamn, inna mas babatsn ismnt "ɣjdam", gan ula nttni sg iskurn zun infḍwak. Isawl Ḥasan Lwazzan f iɣjdamn g udlis ns "Waṣf ifriqya", inna mas nn ikka tamazirt n iɣjdamn g usggas n 1514 Ḍ.T, inna mas ɣjdamn zdɣn g yan umadl ixwan, acku nɣantn imwaḥdin g tigira n imṛabṭn acku urmn ad awsn i ugllid amggaru n imṛabṭn at igan d Bṛahim iwis Tacfin iwis n Ɛli iwis n Yusf iwis n Tacfin. thumb|iẓuṛan n iɣjdamn g wammas n imaziɣn
Aẓuṛ n ism
Aḥmad Ttawfiq g udlis n innultann inna mas ism n "iɣjdamn" ikkad ism n babatsn da ismnn "ɣjdam". Ili yan wawwal yaḍni ttinin middn f waẓuṛ n ism ad, at igan mas middn n waṭlaṣ ar ttinin g tutlayt nnsn tamaziɣt "ɣjdm" s unamk n "ggʷawr", ar ttinin "ut aɣjdim" zɛma "ggʷawr", iẓẓḍaṛ wadd a ig aẓuṛ n ism n iɣjdamn.
Iɣjdamn n wassad
Iɣjdamn ɣassad ḍfuṛn i tmnaḍt n Lḥawz, tasga n Mrrakc-Asfi, bḍan f kṛaḍt tgrawin: tagrawt n Ayt Ɛadl, tagrawt n Ubadu d tagrawt n Ḥkim :
lɛammt n iɣjdamn
Iɣjdamn nutni ur a tturarn akkʷ lɛammt acku darsn anawn yaḍni n tẓuṛi da s ttyawssan, ar tturarn nutni s Ayt lhḍṛt (gan zun lɛammt), macc iɣjdamn n ugafa da imzadayn d infḍwak ar tturarn lɛammt, ar as ttinin nutni "lɛmmt" ar ttkksn askkil "ya" sg wammas n "yal" d "yam".
Lɛammt g tmizar yaḍni
Lɛammt tga taẓuṛi iẓlin s infḍwak, macc ar tt tturarn iqqbiln yaḍni zun iɣjdamn, Sus d Ayt Zayyan. Iɣjdamn d Ayt Sus ar as ttinin "Lɛmmt", Ayt Ẓayyan ar as ttinin "Lɛammat". Mqqaṛ tlla Lɛammt dar iqqbiln ad yaḍni macc ur srs ttyawssan d ur darsn tgi taẓuṛi tadslant zun mklli tga dar infḍwak. Ayt Sus ttyussan s Uḥwac, ayt Ẓayyan ttyussan s Uḥidus.
Timlsa n irgazn
thumb|Timlsa n ifx n ayt lɛammt n iḥuddjin, infḍwak,2015. Kra gisn ilsa taṛẓẓit (zun wiss kṛaḍ sg uẓlmaḍ) kra yaḍni ilsa ttagiyya (zun wiss sin sg ufasi) Lɛammt tga taẓuṛi iqqbuṛn g tmizar n infḍwak d iɣjdamn ɣiklli tqqbuṛ tuzduɣt n middn ad g idrarn n Waṭlaṣ mqquṛn d uzaɣaṛ n tasawt, ula timlsa n lɛammt qqbuṛnt, timlsa da izdin s ufgan d tudrt ns takuyasst zdint ula s tdlsa d usgd d uswir n tudrt n ufgan g tmazirt ns. Tamṭṭi tamaziɣt tmzaday bdda s usgd tusutin f tusutin ɣad a yuddjan tamatart f tɣarast n imaziɣn g tmlsa, lɛammt ur tgi taẓuṛi n usurar d uzzray n uzmaz, macc tga yat tẓuṛi tamaddudt n usfuglu, ɣad a yaddjan timlsa n irgazn ula nttnti ad gnt sg yan wanaw d talɣa d imcackan d usfuglu amaddud n imaziɣn.
Timlsa n urgaz amaziɣ ar ttggant yat sg snat, a ils tajllabit ɣ wakud n uṣmmiḍ nɣ a ils lfuqqiyya g wakud n tiṛɣi, ig iga sg inmɣuṛn n tmazirt ns ar ilssa aslham. G izmaz da izrin, izmaz n lhif d tassast ikkattin urgaz ar ilssa aɛban nɣ ttcamir, aɛban iga timlsit ittyaɛdaln g tgmmi ur d ikkin agadaz, acku middn ur a darsn ttilin iqqaṛiḍn n uxyyaṭ.
Timlsa n urgaz g uḥwac ur gint iftiln idln tifyyi, ur gint ijɛtan ibbin ur gint tawwri iẓẓḍaṛ a iskr kraygat yan d iwin iɣarasn, macc gant tamatart g talɣa nnsnt d ukʷlu nnsnt, gant timlsa yakkan tannayt iqquzzrn f tudrt n ufgan d uswir ns, gant timlsa iwsin tadlsa n ufgan, gant timyurin iwtn s iẓuṛan g umzruy n ufgan, gant tamatart isawwaln f usgd d tsrtit, gant tmlsa n urgaz g lɛammt amzruy da d fln iqqbuṛn i warraw n ɣass, gant anuflay n urgaz amaziɣ.
Ar lssan irgazn g lɛammt timlsa sg iḍaṛn ar ixf, ku timlsit tmsacka d d tayyaḍ, ar lssan :
Timlsa n tmɣarin
Timlsa n tmɣaṛt tamaziɣt ttyawssant mas gant timyurin iwtn s iẓuṛan g umzruy, ku tamazirt ar gis ttmmẓlaynt tmlsa n tmɣaṛt g ikʷlan d talɣa. Tamɣaṛt tamaziɣt g inmuggarn inamunn ar tlssa tmɣaṛt timlsa da dars ifulkin, tida d imcackan d usfuglu da illan, zun tamɣṛa dars timlsa ns, lislam, asbrrk nɣ kra n usfuglu izdin s tmyurin.
Lɛammt tga yat tẓuṛi izdin bahra s urgaz, illa ma ittinin mas lɛammt tga ɣar taẓuṛi n irgazn nɣ "aḥwac n irgazn", ɣayan af a ittidrus ig tkcm tmɣaṛt lɛammt, ig awkk kcmnt tmɣarin lɛammt ar ttili yat nɣ snat tmɣarin ur a ttggʷutn, ar lssant timlsa ur asnt yakkan tiṭṭ g wammas n lɛammt. G dar infḍwak ar kccmnt tmɣarin lɛammt ig ur illi ubṛṛani, akud nna illa ubṛṛani ur a kccmnt tmɣarin lɛammt ar tturarn irgazn waḥdutn. Ig kcmnt tmɣarin lɛammt ar lssant ar lssant :
Ayt Bṛayyim
Iwtta
Tswutta Ayt bṛayyim d tqbilin ad: Ayt Tznit g iẓẓlmḍ, Ayt Ssiḥl d Ayt Baɛmṛan g tagut, Laxṣaṣ g yiffus d Ayt Jṛṛaṛ g yiming.
Tisuɣal
Taggayt:Sus
Taẓṛwalt
thumb|Asmḍl n Sidi Ḥmad u Musa Taẓṛwalt (s taɛrabt: تزروالت‎, s tafransist: Tazeroualt) tga yan udɣar amzray illan ɣ Sus ɣ iffus n Lmɣrib, lli tn ikkan ɣ mad izrin tamazirt tasimant ɣ tasut tis sa d mraw. Tettuynbaḍ zɣ tmaẓunt nns Iliɣ ɣ idrarn n Waṭlas mẓẓiyn. Ɣ tizi lliɣ akk tmqqur tgldit n Taẓṛwalt, tɣʷi zɣ agaru aṭlanti ar tsga n Tuwat lli illan ɣil ad ɣ iggi wakal adzayri, tnbḍ yat tsga bahra imqqurn ɣ tnzruft.
Amnaḍ amzray
Iga Ḥmad u Musa argaz lli d akk izwarn is ibda ssulala n Tẓṛwalt, ikka tt inn iga yan ugʷrram u tmazirt n Sus lli iluln ɣ tuẓẓumt n tasut tis smmust d mrawt, istaqrra ḍffir maya ɣ tsga n Taẓrwalt, ɣinn a ɣ d isnulfa zzawit yawi d timaḍ n imḍfarn, nna d dars ittackan fad ad lmdn tiɣawsiwin izdin d usgd nnsn. Iṭṭf ɣ akud ann Ḥmad u Musa tazdayt ifulkin d iṣulṭaninn Isaɛdiyn lli tt inn ikkan ɣ tnbaḍt. Adɣar nns d atig nns ɣ usgd tujja-tt ad yari f lmakant nns. Lliɣ immut, adɣar lli ɣ ittuymḍal urgaz ad iga zun d lḥjj.
Amzruy
thumb|Tamazirt n [[Lmɣrib ɣ usggwas n 1660]] Ɣ usggʷas n 1603, ɣ jjwayh n tẓallit n tukzin, rad immt uṣulṭan asaɛdiy Aḥmad Almansur, lli tt inn ikkan iga yan ɣ igldan lli bahra istawhmman ɣ Isaɛdiyn, fkan as akkʷ yism n Manṣur Dahbi acku ɣ uzmz nns igguda wurɣ. Kkan tt inn snat tqṣiṣin f mad ijran aylliɣ immut, ta izwarn ar ttini mas d yuḍn s tmaḍunt n Tasrka (da as nttini ula Ṭṭaɛun) nttat ad igan ssbab lliɣ immut, tiss snat ar ttini mas tmɣart nns Ɛica d yiwis Mulay Zidan ad as igan ssm fad ad t nɣin. Ilmma, dffir tmttant nns ibda urggay gr tarwa n Aḥmad Almansur f tnbaḍt, ittyubḍa Lmɣrib s:
D tsgiwin yaḍni rad gisn nbḍn Zzawaya d imɣarn n tqbilin. Ḍaṛt ɣayad kullu, rad baynt kigan n tgldiwin, tilli akk gisnt istawhmann gan tnt:
Ɣ tasut tiss sa d mraw miladya, ɣmk lli inna Muxtar Asusi ɣ udlis n "Iliɣ qadiman wa ḥaditan", isusiyn ṛmin zɣ tthmic d ṭṭuɣyan lli tt inn kkan isaɛdiyn ar t skarn ɣ tmazirt. Mqqar tt inn ikka dar tqbilin n Sus yan ḍḍawr bahra istawhman ɣ waqqlay n isaɛdiyn s tnbaḍt d ubnnu n tgldit nnsn, nnig n ɣayad, Lmɣrib ɣ akud ann yut t ljafaf ur llin waman isggʷasn, tucka d ula tmaḍunt n Tasrka nɣ Ṭṭaɛun ula nttat, ur ufan tiqbilin ma tnt ittawsn bac ad ffɣn zɣ tmukrist ad acku ɣ uzmz ann trwi tgldit n isaɛdiyn mliḥ ur tsala i zun d tɣawsiwin ad, ur fllasn tɛaqql. Ɣ iffus akkʷ n Lmɣrib, kulci ɣil ad ssn tsga n Iliɣ nɣ Taẓrwalt s yism n Zzawit n Sidi Ḥmad u Musa, ar gis ittili yan unmuggar asgdan imqqurn kraygat usggʷas ɣ tigira n wayyur wiss tam. Rad nurri imikk s tɣʷṛḍin s uzmz n Aḥmad Almansur s yan imjri nẓḍar ad nini mas tt inn ikka iga zun d yat ccarara imẓẓiyn d yiwin kigan n tɣawsiwin yaḍnin fad ad tbayn tagldit n Taẓrwalt.
Ɣmk lli s yad ittussan, ikka tt inn dar Sidi Ḥmad u Musa smmus n ifrxan, gr smmus ad n ifrxan ikka tt inn yan ism as Ɛli, wad iggʷran srsn t ɣ Lḥbs s lamr n uṣulṭan Aḥmad Almansur Adahbi ɣ trudant, ur d acku iskr kra, is ka isawl f tmmara d ḍḍuruf icqqan nna s tt inn kkan tqbilin n Sus ar tnt ttddrn s ssbab n ljafaf d tmuḍan d laẓ, mac ur tt irḥm Almansur Adahbi d ittyamaẓ ɣ trudant aylliɣ immt. Ikka tt inn Ɛli Bn Ḥmd u Musa ittussan dar middn s ttadayyun nns, ikka tt inn iga argaz iɛdln, ddnb nns iga tt mas yusi ssiɛr n tmazirt nns isawl f tmukrisin nns, isawl ula f middn nns lli ittmttatn s laẓ d tmaḍunt. Imjri ad rad ibadl agudi n tɣawsiwin ɣ tannayt n isusiyn s mad izdin d tgldit n isaɛdiyn, tlla yat tmjrit ittussan yaḍn ar ttinin mas tdda yat tmɣart ad tcki s yan lqayd dar Almansur Adahbi, lliɣ dars tkcm tẓra mad tt inn ikka ar tt iskar acku ikka tt inn icqqa bahra, ar ittnbaḍ s yat tɣarast icqqan, sliɣ tnna " Kkiɣ tt inn ar tɛjjabɣ i waman manka s tn ikka ranqan fi aljadawili ... Aylliɣ ẓriɣ uɣbalu nns, ssnɣ izd aman ad tn ikkan irkʷi zɣ waẓur nns ", zɛma ṣṣulṭa ann icqqan lli tt inn kkan lqqiyad n Almansur Adahbi ar sis swurrin d middn tkka d zɣ dars acku nttan ad asn t imlan. Isusiyn rad gisn iɣama lḥal acku ɣ tzwiri nttni ad ibddn d isaɛdiyn lliɣ bḥra bdan aylliɣ lkmn s tnbaḍt, awsn asn bac ad ẓẓun f ibrtqqizn lli d itthjamn zɣ tsga n yill, micc bɛd mayad kullu t nkrn tn, mqqar taẓ bahra tmaẓunt nnsn Mrrakc i Sus. Rad immt Almansur Adahbi ilmma rad tcttet tgldit n isaɛdiyn, ɣid rad inkr Brahim yan ɣ tarwa mẓẓiyn n Sidi Ḥmad u Musa ad iskr tagrawla ɣ tmazirt n Sus, rad t bayɛn tiqbilin tisusiyin, nnan mas da ttigutn imḍfarn nns s tmlifat ass f wass. Rad lkmn inɣmisn ad Mulay Zidan lli rad yazn 3000 ajundi bac ad mmaɣn d tgrawla n Brahim Bn Muḥammad ɣ Sus, macc ijundiyn ad rwln acku ur asn fkan tiɣraḍ, ur asn tlkm tirmt mad cttan. Issn ɣ akud ann Mulay Zidan mas ṣafi tfta as ula nttat, zun d ukan tsgiwin yaḍnin d rad yiri ad yasi urɣ d lmujawharat nns lli tn ikkan iṣulṭaniyn ar tn tḥḍun ɣ zzawaya, acku tkka tt inn aktar amanan, macc ratt iṣbq Brahim Bn Muḥammad d rad yasi ttarawat ad lliɣ rad ihjm f zzawaya y'ad slawan akk ɣ Mrrakc, rad immt amɣar n tgrawla tasusiyt Brahim Bn Muḥammad yan ɣ tarwa n Sidi Ḥmad u Musa d rad ifl tnbaḍt i Lḥsn Bn Ɛli, iwis n xalis nit, mn bɛd mnnu rad yack agldun lli akk ittussan n tgldit n Taẓrwalt lli t igan Ɛli Bn Muḥammad Budmiɛa, ittufka y'as yism ad acku tkka tt inn dars yat tiṭṭ ar tmṭṭi bzzaf. Ɛli Bn Muḥammad Budmiɛa lli igan Abu Ḥassun Asmlal xklli s ittussan ɣ umzruy, ur tucki lmubayaɛa nns s yat tɣarast irxan acku kkan tt inn tarwa n Sidi Ḥmad u Musa mmaɣn d ingr-atsn f manwa gisn a rad yamẓ tnbaḍt, ɣ mayggʷran msasan fllas bac att bayɛn, d tmazirt lli akk izwarn att bayɛn gan ayt Ifran n waṭlas mẓẓiyn, aylliɣ d munn imɣarn d ccuyux n tqbilin d id butussna d ixatarn dar timḍlt n jddis Sidi Ḥmad u Musa ɣ ammas n zzawit n Taẓrwalt d skrn as lmubayaɛa rasmyan. Ɣikkad as rad tbdu yat tgzzumt tamaynut ɣ awanak n Iliɣ bac ad tg tagldit imqqurn.
Igr Usul (Azur Iɣaln)
Isɣwan yaḍnin
Taggayt:Azur Iɣaln (Awgnz) Taggayt:Awgnz
Taẓṛwalt
Amzruy
Abu Ḥassun Asmlal, xklli sa ttinin ayt umzruy, ikka tt inn iga yan ufrux d aɛrrin iṣḥan iṭṭaf lɛaḍalat d dars lhiba d lkarizma, ɣayad rad ibayn ɣ tabrat tamzwarut lli rad yazn i Yaḥya Bn Ɛbdallah Bn Sɛid Lḥaḥi lli tn ikkan ɣ awanak n Iḥaḥan ɣ trudant, tabrat ann ikka tt nn gis tahdid ibayn bzzaf " Ya a ssi Lḥaḥi ad yi tḍfrt d ad yi tbayɛt, nɣ rad ackɣ ad utɣ innak " d rad as irar Lḥaḥi macc ljawab nns yuratt s tmdyazt inna y'as " Irayi ad as gɣ ismg ... Is ur idr is irwas fiqtuhu majdan?, Ira yus n Mus ad ig agllid s dduɛa ... wa lam yasum fi sayfihi fi ttala hada? ". ira s ljawab ad as yini mas ira ad yili imnɣi gr awanak n Iliɣ illan ddu tnbaḍt n Abu Ḥassun Asmlal, d awanak n Iḥaḥan ddu tnbaḍt n Yaḥya Bn Ɛbdallah Bn Sɛid Lḥaḥi. Mn bɛd imnɣi s wawal, mmaɣn iwunak ad s sin ɣ ssaḥt, d ku twal yan gisn ar itrbaḥ. Yiwid Yaḥya Bn Ɛbdallah Bn Sɛid Lḥaḥi idɣarn n Ida Uknsus d Wlad Jrrar ɣ nnawaḥi n Tiznit, macc dɣya sliɣtn isurri Abu Ḥassun Asmlal, imikk s imikk yiwid Abu Ḥassun Asmlal idɣarn n Yaḥya Bn Ɛbdallah Bn Sɛid Lḥaḥi adt igan d Tarudant d Agadir ula nttat ar iwtta n Imi n Tanut lli tn ikkan ddu tnbaḍt n uṣulṭan Zidan macc ɣinn a ɣ ibidd usmɣur nns, ar ttinin id bu umzruy mas mlad is izuyd imikk s lgddam rad yawi ula tsga n Iḥaḥan d Lḥuz ḥtta nttat acku aṣulṭan Zidan ibda ar itrwal s tsga n ugafa tjra y'as yat tmjrit ɣ uftas n Agadir nttat atid isrmin, ikra yan lbaṭu afransawi dar yan uqubṭan iga s yism Jon Filip Du Kastyan, d ikka tt inn lbaṭu y'ann ibidd x ufttas n Ugadir lli tn ikkan dars yism n Santa Kruz fad ad sis irur s Fransa dar Lwis wis kraḍ d mraw lli y'as inna ɣar ackd dari, macc uqubṭan n lbaṭu y'ann lliɣ d iẓra uṣulṭan Zidan asaɛdiy icarji urɣ d lmujawharat d idlisn ɣ lbaṭu iṭmɛa irur iflt bla n taryalt.
Lliɣ d yumẓ Abu Ḥassun Asmlal tanbaḍt n tmazirt n Sus kullut, rad izri s tsga n Drɛa tafilalt usggwas n 1638 s ljic nns d ra st iɣʷi mn bɛd 3 isggwasn n imnɣi, d rad yamẓ Muḥammad Bn Ccrif Lɛalawi ɣ lḥbs d ɣid a'ɣ rad tg awanak n Iliɣ tagldit n tidt acku rad inbḍ Abu Ḥassun Asmlal iffus n Lmɣrib kullut ar Timbuktu iffus n tiniri d rad isayṭr f iɣarasn n tsbbabt d rad tg tagldit n Taẓrwalt ammas n tsbbabt imqqurn acku kigan n udayn imɣrabiyn rad gis staqrrn d rad asn ttuybna yat lknist nnsn ɣ tsga lli rad tḍr mn bɛd.
Tagldit n Taẓrwalt uckan as liɛtirafat dar tmizar mqqurnin ɣ-akud-ann acku tkka tt inn tṣḥa tadamsa nns ula tasbbabt nns sul tkka tt inn dars yat taẓḍurt taɛskrit.
Ɣr uggar
Taggayt:Sus Taggayt:Tiggurma Taggayt:Asgd
U (Askkil)
Iga U yan sg iskkiln n ugmmay alatin n tmaziɣt.
Isaɣuln
Taggayt:Tirra Taggayt:Askkil amaziɣ Taggayt:Tutlayt tamaziɣt Taggayt:Tutlayt
Tutlayt Tanfust
Tanfusit niɣ d mazoɣ tga tutlayt lli sawaln Imaziɣn n udrar n infusn ɣ Libya. Adrar n infusn illa ɣ tmazirt n Libya. Tanfusit tga ula yat tulayt zɣ tutlayin n imaziɣn lli ukan sul iddrn, waxxa tbidd tanbaḍt n Libya ɣ ddu ifasn l-qddafi bac ad tt tmḍl. Ar tt sawaln uggar n 200,000 n umdan. Tangalt -{( ISO 639-3 )}- nns igat: jbn. tawjan ns Camitu-simitik zɣ tutlayin tifrusyatin niɣ d Tutlayin tifrusyawiyin. Mnct ad bdda tsmun id bu icnubcn n tutlayt mas tga zɣ tutlayin n tuns. Mac nttat naḥayat disnt.
Tcarlẓ Darwin
Charles Darwin wis sin n tarwa n umsasfar Robert Darwin (1766-1848), yig ayyaw n Erasmus Darwin (1731-1802), amdyaz d uṭbib d umssan n tmust. Charles dars 8 isggʷasn aylliɣ tmmut mas, Susannah Wedgwood (1765-1817).
Lɛammt
Imassn n Lɛammt
Urar ur a ittgga taẓuṛi abla ig fllas ikcm ummrks, ammrks n wawwal zun nnḍm nɣ irir, ammrks n urar s ixf ns d ummrks n imassn d ifassn. Imassn nutni ar ttrnun tifiras n tẓuṛi i kraygat tawwri zun ig nenna tiṛṛuyṣa, at ur tlli tiṛṛuyṣa bla rribab, ig nenna taẓnẓaṛt, at ur tlli kra n tẓnẓaṛt bla lbanju, ig nenna aḥidus at ur illi kra n uḥidus bla tallunt. Ɣmklli gant akkʷ tẓuṛiwin ad, ad tga ula lɛammt, dars imassn ns srs iẓlin, d ur tẓḍaṛ ad tili abla ig llan. Imassn n lɛammt ur rad gnt kra n imassn d ikkan bṛṛa i tmazirt n imaziɣn, acku ku taẓuṛi ar tt skarn id mulas s ɣaylli darsn g tmuzar nnsn, ur tlli kra n tẓuṛi g waṭlaṣ issmrasn imassn n Uṛuppa nɣ n Marikan, taẓuṛi n tmazirt tlla s imassn n tmazirt. Imassn n lɛammt gan tawwri n ifassn n imaziɣn ar tn tthyyan sg ilmawn n imudar n darsn, willi darsn illan g tmazirt, zun ilm n waɣɣaḍ, ilm n umugay nɣ afunas, ilm ulli, ur a ikccm g ushyyu n imassn ad abla tiwwuriwin n tmazirt. Mayad aiga tamatart mas taẓuṛi ad tga taẓuṛi n tmazirt ur d tkki kra n mani yaḍni acku sg imassn ns ur llin g kra n tmazirt yaḍni abla tamazirt n lɛammt.
Tutlayt Tanfust
Adrar n infusn
Adrar n infusn iga yan zɣ idrarn n tmazirt n Libya lli walan imaziɣn, ig yan ugadir lli bdda yakkan ixatarn n imaziɣn, inin waεrabn is iga yan udrar lli fllasn iqn. Acku midn nns gan irgazn baḥra cqqanin.
Tcarlẓ Darwin
Charles Darwin isnti tiɣri ns n tmsasfart ɣ tsdawt n Edinburgh imik iflt iḍfur tusna n usgd ɣ Cambridge. Mac aylli yiwin anli ns igat umzruy n tmust.
Tutlayt Tanfust
Tirra n tanfusit
Infusitn ar taran tamaziɣt ns iskkiln tifinaɣ d iskkiln iɛṛabn (Ẓr tawalt ɣid: Tawalt) Mac ar as zmmuẓzuln zɣ mad issufɣ SGSM niɣ d (Asinag Ageldan Tussna Tamaziɣt) n tamazirt n umṛṛuk iskkiln imaynutn n Tifinaɣ.
Aṭṭan
thumb|Aṭṭan n IBULA Aṭṭan (Asgt : Aṭṭann, s tsrɣint : وباء) iga tamaḍunt ittyafsarn ingr ufgan d wayyaḍ s tizzla, zund aṭṭan n Kuruna, Ibula, Ttufis, Buglib.
Tutlayt Tanfust
Lmd tanfusit
thumb|right|Nalut
Aṭṭan
Ẓṛ uggar
Taggayt:Tasnijjit Taggayt:Tasasfrt
Tutlayt Tanfust
Tadlist
Tajrrumt n tutlayt tanfusit
Tutlayt Taqubṭit
Tutlayt Taqubṭit (s tqubṭit: ⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙ̀ⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ nɣ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ met.rem.ən.khēmi) tga yat tutlayt tafrusyawit illan ɣ tmazirt n Miṣra.
Lɛammt
Asuds d usnmala n irgazn d tmɣarin g lɛammt
thumb|Asuds d usnmala n irgazn d tmɣarin g Lɛammt Lɛammt tga asfuglu ismunan tugt n middn, irgazn d tmɣarin. Akud nna tlla lɛammt ku yan ar iṭṭamẓ aḍɣaṛ ns, ur tlli tbdda n mxamma g wammas n tẓuṛi ad igan taqqbuṛt, igan taẓuṛi da s ad tmmala ku taqqbilt takbṛanit ns d tattuyt n waddur ns. G lɛammt ar ttbddadn irgazn yan tama n yan, ar skarn adur iɣzzifn, kra s a ittɣzzifi wadur ad kra s atthyyab lɛammt, ur a ittili wadur dat wayyaḍ, ar ittili yan wadur mqqar iɣzzif a gis tili kkuẓ id mraw nɣ uggar n urgaz. Dat adur ad n irgazn ar gis ittbddad yan urgaz da iṣwagʷn lɛammt ar as ttinin "amɣaṛ" nɣ "lamin" n lɛammt ar ittgga kra n urgaz imqqurn da issn ittcyyx g lɛammt, dars didas amzruy iggʷutn. G tama n umɣaṛ n lɛammt ar ittili buganga, ar yakka s taynnit i umɣaṛ macc ar gis isaqqul bac at iḍfaṛ, ar yakka buganga s udm ns i wadur n lɛammt, adur n irgazn.
Tutlayt Tanfust
Izdayn n berra
Taggayt:Tutlayin Taggayt:Tutlayin timaziɣin
Lɛammt
Asuds d usnmala n irgazn d tmɣarin g lɛammt
Lɛammt tga g ma iggutn taẓuṛi n irgazn, ar ittidrus ig tt kcmnt tmɣarin, ar tt kccmnt s uṭṭun imẓẓin: yat nɣ snat ig ggʷutnt. Timɣaṛin da ikccmn lɛammt ar asnt ittili uḍɣaṛ da tnt id iqqannd, ur ẓẓḍaṛnt ad bddant g dinna ukan rant. Ar ttbddadnt dat nɣ mgal adur n irgazn, ku yat ar ttbddad s ixf ns ur ad ttnmalant g tbdda, ku yat ar ttili g yat tsga; yat tmɣaṛt ar ttibdad f ufasi n lamin yat f uẓlmaḍ ns. Nɣ ar ittili ig tlla yat tmɣaṛt g lɛammt ar ttbddad waḥdutt d ixf ns.
Tutlayt Tanfust
Isaɣuln
Taggayt:Tutlayin Taggayt:Tutlayin timaziɣiyin
Lɛammt
Tanḍḍamt g ugʷns n Lɛammt
Afgan amaziɣ imzaday bdda g tmyurin d twrglin ns s nnḍm d tdyazt, ur ad dars izrri kra n uznmzzu war tnḍḍamt, nnḍm iga dars taysi ilan atig, taysi isattin s waddur n tudrt tadlsant ns. Tanḍḍamt ur tgi awal ihwnn, ur iẓḍaṛ kraygat yan ad inḍm. Tanḍḍamt g Lɛammt ar ttmzaday d wanaw n uznmzzu, is iga asrtan, amunan (zun litihal) nɣ win kra n wannaz. Ar ittnḍam lamin n lɛammt i uznmzzu d i mddn ḥaḍṛnin.
Amdya n tnḍḍamt:
Tanḍḍamt ad tzdi s bab n uznmzzu da isnubbgn trabbut g dars, nẓẓḍaṛ ad nini mas iwaliwn ad gan iwaliwn nɣ taguri n usnimmr i bab n tgmmi.