cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Derbent
History
Movses Kagankatvatsi left a graphic description o the sack o Derbent bi the hordes o Tong Yabghu o the Wastren Turkic Khaganate in 627. His successor, Böri Shad, pruivit unable tae consolidate Tong Yabghu's conquests, an the ceety wis retaken bi the Persians. In 654 Derbent wis captured bi the Arabs, who transformit it in an important admeenistrative centre an introducit Islam tae the aurie. Acause o its strategic position on the northren branch o the Silk Route, the fortress wis contestit bi the Khazars in the course o the Khazar-Arab Wars. The Sassanids haed brocht Armenies frae Syunik' tae help protect the pass frae invaders an aw; as Arab rule weakened in the region at the end o the nint century, the Armenies livin thare wur able tae establish a kinrick o their awn, which lastit till the early years o the thirteent century.
The recent excavations on the eastren side o the Caspian Sea opposite tae Derbent, hae revealed the eastren coonterpairt tae the waw an fortifications o the ceety in the Great Waw o Gorgan. Similar Sasanian defensive fortifications—massive forts, garrison touns, lang walls—are seen on the eastren shores o the Caspian extendin literally intae the sea as they are witness emergin frae the risin waters o the Caspian in the wast at Derbent.
In the 14t century Derbent wis occupee'd bi Timur's airmies. In 1437 it fell unner the control o the Shirvanshahs o Azerbaijan. Durin the 16t century Derbent wis the arena for wars atween Turkey an Persie ruled bi the Iranian Safavid dynasty. Ottoman Empire gained control o the ceety follaein the Battle o the Torches in 1583 an Ottoman awnership was secured wi the Constantinople Treaty (Treaty o Ferhat Pasha) in 1590.
Bi the 1735 Ganja treaty Derbent fell athin the Persie state. In 1722 durin the Rousho-Persie War, Peter the Great o Roushie wrestit the toun frae the Persians, but in 1736 the supremacy o Nadir Shah wis again recognisit. In 1747 Derbent became the caipital o the khanate o the same name.
A lairge portion o the waws an several watchtouers hae been preservit in reasonable shape. The waws, reachin tae the sea, date frae the 6t century, Sassanid dynasty period. The ceety haes a well preservit citadel (Narin-kala), comprisin an aurie o 45,000 m², enclosed bi strang waws. Historical attractions include the baths, the cisterns, the auld cemeteries, the caravanserai, the 18t century Khan's mausoleum, as well as several mosques. The auldest mosque is the Juma Mosque, built ower a 6t century Christian basilica; it haes a 15t century madrassa. Ither shrines include the 17t century Kyrhlyar mosque, the Bala mosque an the 18t century Chertebe mosque.
Economy an cultur
The ceety is hame tae machine biggin, fuid, textile, fishin an fishery supplies, construction materials an wood industries. It is the production centre o Roushie brandy. The education infrastructure is fairly extensive; there is a university as well as several technical schuils. On the cultural front, there is a Lezgin drama theatre (S. Stalsky theatre). Aboot twa kilometres frae the ceety is the vacation colony o Chayka (Seagull).
Derbent bein in practice a huge museum an wi magnificent muntains an shore nearbi, a great potential for development o the tourism industry exists, further increased bi UNESCO's classification o the Citadel, Auncient Ceety an Fortress as a Warld Heritage Steid in 2003; housomeivver, instability in the region haes no alloued further development.
Twin touns — Sister ceeties
Derbent is twinned wi:
Republic o Karelie
The Republic o Karelie (Респу́блика Каре́лия, Respublika Kareliya; Karjalan tazavalda; Karjalan tasavalta; Karjalan Tazovaldkund) is a federal subject o Roushie.
History
In 1920, the province became the Karelian Labour Commune. In 1923, the province became the Karelian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Karelian ASSR). Frae 1940 it wis made intae the Karelo-Finnish SSR, incorporatin the Finnish Democratic Republic whilk nominally operatit in thae pairts o Finnish Karelie that wis occupeed bi the Soviet Union in the Winter War. Annexed territories wur incorporatit intae Karelo-Finnish SSR, but efter the Continuation War the Karelian Isthmus wis incorporatit intae the Leningrad Oblast. Its status wis chynged back tae an ASSR in 1956. In the Continuation War in 1941 Finland occupied lairge pairts o the aurie but wis forced tae athdraw in 1944. Tho Finland isna currently pursuin ony measures tae reclaim Karelian lands cedit tae Roushie, the "Karelian Question" is still a topic present in Finnish politics.
The autonomous Republic o Karelie in its present form wis formed on 13 November 1991.
Robert the Bruce
Robert I, fur ordinar cried Robert the Bruce, (11 Julie 1274 – 7 Juin 1329) wis Keeng o Scots frae 1306 till his daith in 1329. He led Scotland durin the Weirs o Unthirldom agin Ingland.
Youthheid
He wis the first son o Robert de Brus an Marjorie, Countess o Carrick. Nae ower muckle is kent aboot his bairnheid, but it is trewed that he cud spik the Gaelic, the French an a wee bit o the Laitin. He see'd the affcome o the Great Cause as wrangous, he thocht that his faimly shoud hae haed the throne.
In 1295, he mairit on Isabella o Mar.
The Wars o Unthirldom
In 1296, Robert an his faither swuire lealty tae Edward I o Ingland, but Robert than supportit the revolt agin him the neist year. Efter a while, he swuire anither aith o lealty tae Edward. Houaniver shortlins efter the Battle o Stirlin Brig, he again stairtit supportin the Scots.
Whan William Wallace resigned as Gairdian o Scotland, Robert an John Comyn becam jynt Gairdians, but thay war faes an didna lik ilk anither. William Lamberton appyntit as a thrid jynt Gairdian, an the neist year Robert resigned as Guardian o Scotland.
In aboot 1302, Robert decidit tae, again, uphaud King Edward I o Ingland. Forby, he mairit his seicont wife, Elizabeth de Burgh that he haed fower bairns wi. In 1303, King Edward invadit Scotland an the leadin Scots aw surrendert, cep William Wallace, but he wis fangit an kilt in 1305. Efter this, Edward stairtit absorbin Scotland intae his kinrick.
Keeng o Scots
Robert trewed he haed a richt tae the throne o Scotland. Houaniver, as he haed uphaudit Scotland an Ingland durin the Wars o Unthirldom, he wisna verra weel trustit. His auld fae John Comyn haed a strang claim tae the throne an aw. Robert trystit him tae a meetin in Dumfries. He syne attackit John Comyn in the kirk o the Greyfriars monastery. Whan he fand oot Comyn haed survived, twa o Robert's supporters gaed back an kilt him. Robert wis excommunicate for this. Efter this, Robert threapit his richt tae the throne, an than wis crount King o Scotland. He wis nou King, but he didna hae a kinrick.
Efter bein bate at the Battle o Methven, he gaed tae Rathlin Island, aff the nothren coast o Ireland. Than Edward I dee'd an his son Edward II becam king. Robert than retourt tae Scotland, an begoud a war agin Edward II, wi smaw victories agin the Inglis at a twa-three battles. He syne follaed this wi mair victories, includin defeatin John Comyn, 3rd Earl o Buchan (his fae's son) an a victory ower the Inglis at Aiberdeen. He than wan again at the Battle o the Pass o Brander, an he teuk Dunstaffnage Castle. In Mairch 1309, he haud his first Pairlament, an bi August, he haed owerins o aw o Scotland benorth the River Tay. The neist year, the kirk recogneesed Robert as king o Scotland, this wis verra poleetically important, as the kirk haed excommunicate him afore. He syne teuk three mair Inglis castles, Linlithgow, Dumbarton an Perth. Efter this he fangit Stirlin Castle, Roxburgh an Edinburgh Castle. He secured unthirldom at the Battle o Bannockburn in 1314.
La Ligua
The ceety is kent for its textile manufacturin an teepical Chilean pastry production.
Demografics
Accordin tae data frae the 2002 Census o Population an Hoosin, La Ligua haed 31,987 inhabitants; o these, 24,214 (75.7%) livit in urban auries an 7,773 (24.3%) in landwart auries. At that time, thare wur 16,079 men an 15,908 weemen.
Admeenistration
As a commune, La Ligua is a third-level admeenistrative diveesion o Chile admeenistered bi a communal cooncil, heidit bi an alcalde who is directly electit ivery fower years. The 2008-2012 alcalde is Rodrigo Sánchez Villalobos. The communal cooncil haes the follaeing members:
Athin the electoral diveesions o Chile, La Ligua belangs tae the 10t electoral destrict an 5t senatorial constituency.
Sicilian Mafia
The Sicilian Mafia (kent as Cosa Nostra an aw) is a creeminal syndicate that emergit in the mid-nineteent century in Sicily, Italy. It is a loose association o creeminal groups that share a common organizational structur an code o conduct, an whose common enterprise is protection racketeering. Each group, kent as a "family", "clan", or "cosca", claims sovereignty ower a territory in which it operates its rackets – uisually a toun or veelage or a neebourheid (borgata) o a lairger ceety. Its members caw thairsels "men o honour"licinSiilHousomeivver, the term "mafia" haes become a generic term for ony organizit creeminal netwirk wi similar structur, methods, an interests.
The American Mafia arose frae affshuits o the Mafia that emergit in the Unitit States durin the late nineteent century, follaein waves o emigration frae Sicily. There wur similar affshuits in Canadae amang Italian Canadians. Housomeivver, while the same haes been claimit o organisit creeme in Australie, this appears tae result frae confusion wi 'Ndrangheta, which is generally regardit as mair prominent amang Italian Australies.
Ford Anglia
The Ford Anglia is a British car from Ford in the United Kingdom. It is related to the Ford Prefect an the later Ford Popular. The Ford Anglia name was applied to following models of 1939 an 1967.
1,594,486 Anglias were produced, after it was replaced by the new Ford Escort.
Super Anglia 123E (1962–1967)
Frae 1962, the 123E Anglia Super wis available alangside the 105E, replacin the last o the line o Prefects, wi a lairger 1198 cc ingine an ither refinements.
The same caur wis an aa sauld in Europe. Ane Europe-ae variant wis the Anglia Sportsman that carried its spare tyre on the back, somewha seemilar tae the continental kit aften seen in the Unitit States. Chrome bumper owerriders, broad whitewall tyres, an optionally a side stripe kickin up at the end intae the tail-lichts/fin wur an aa fittit.
Anglia saloons wur providit wi various levels o trim. The base model wis the Standard, an this sportit nae chromework, paintit rear licht surroonds, steel slattit grille an leemitit interior trim. The deluxe haed a chrome side strip, chrome rear lichts, glovebox lid, sun visor an full width chrome radiator grille. The tap o the range wis the Super, which haed twin chrome side strips, contrastin coloured ruif an side flash, plusher interior trim, tohegither wi the 1198 cc ingine an a gearbox wi synchromesh on first gear.
Optional extras wur the mechanical upgrade o a Deluxe tae a Super, retainin the Deluxe trim, or the upgrade o a Deluxe tae a Super trim, but retainin the 997 cc ingine, an option rarely taken up.
Ayutthaya
Ayutthaya (an aa spelled Ayudhya or Ayuthia) mey refer tae:
Jewish Autonomous Oblast
The Jewish Autonomous Oblast (Евре́йская автоно́мная о́бласть, Yevreyskaya avtonomnaya oblast; ייִדישע אווטאָנאָמע געגנט, yidishe avtonome gegnt ) forms a federal subject o Roushie (an autonomous oblast) situatit in the Roushie Far East, borderin Khabarovsk Krai an Amur Oblast o Roushie an Heilongjiang province o Cheenae. Its admeenistrative center is Birobidzhan.
Soviet authorities establisht the autonomous oblast in 1934. It wis the result o Joseph Stalin's naitionality policy, which alloued for the Jews o the Soviet Union tae receive a territory in which tae pursue Yiddish cultural heritage athin a socialist framewirk. Accordin tae the 1939 population census, 17,695 Jews lived in the region (16% o the total population). The census o 1959, taken 6 year efter Stalin's daith, revealed that the Jewish population o the JAO declined tae 14,269 persons. In 2002, 2,327 Jews wur livin in the JAO (1.2% o the total population), while ethnic Roushies made up 90% o the JAO population.
Climate
The territory haes a monsoonal/anti-cyclonic climate, wi warm, wet, humid simmers due tae the influence o the East Asian monsoon; an cauld, dry, windy conditions prevailin in the winter months courtesy o the Siberian hie-pressure seestem.
Lincoln Futura
The Lincoln Futura wis a concept caur designed bi the Lincoln diveesion o Ford Motor Company. It wis biggit bi Ghia entirely bi haund in Italy at a cost o $250,000 an displayed on the auto show circuit in 1955.
Futura's stylin wis extravagantly impractical even bi the staundarts o the '50s, wi a dooble, clear-plastic canopy tap, exaggeratit huidit heidlicht pods, an vera lairge, ootward-cantit tailfins at baith ends o the vehicle. Nivertheless, the Futura haed a complete pouertrain an wis fully operable in contrast tae mony show caurs then an nou. Its oreeginal colour wis white, an wis ane o the first pearlescent colour treatments, uisin grund pearl tae achieve the paint effect. The Futura wis pouered bi a 368 cubic inch Lincoln engine an pouertrain; the chassis wis that o a Lincoln Mark II.
The Futura wis a success as a show caur, garnerin a great deal o favorable publicity for Ford. It wis released as a model kit an a toy, an in a muckle mair subdued form its heidlicht an tailfin motifs wad appear on production Lincolns for 1956 an 1957. It even played a prominent pairt in a movie, 1959's It Started with a Kiss, starrin Debbie Reynolds an Glenn Ford. For the movie, it wis paintit reid, as the pearlescent feenish did no photograph well.
Efter that, tho, the caur wad logically hae been forgotten an aiblins destroyed, as maist show caurs o that time wur. Housomeivver, it wis somehou sauld intae the haunds o George Barris, ane o the great auto customizers. As the caur wis niver titled an wis therefore uninsurable, it wis parked ahint Barris' shop whaur it sat idle for several years an wis allaeed tae deteriorate.
In 1966 Barris wis requestit tae design a theme caur for the Batman television series. Barris then contractit stylist Dean Jeffries tae big a caur for the show. Jeffries worked on the design an initial fabrication for the Batmobile, uisin a 1959 Cadillac, but whan the studio wantit the caur faster than he coud deliver, he turned it back tae George Barris. Wi the short notice, Barris thocht the Futura micht wirk well, an uisin Jeffries initial caur, decidit that its unuisual winged shape wad be an ideal stairtin pynt for the Batmobile. Barris hired Bill Cushenberry tae dae the metal modifications tae the caur.
Barris went on tae big three fiberglass replicas uisin the frames an runnin gear frae 1966 Ford Galaxie caurs for the show circuit, three o which wur covered wi a felt-lik flockin finish in the 1970s. Barris later acquired a fowert replica, a metal caur biggit on a 1958 Thunderbird.
Replica
In the 1990s, Bob Butts (unner George Barris' consent) made replicas o the Batmobiles. He teuk ane o the Barris-biggit replica Batmobiles an made a mauld o it. Based on pictures frae whan the Futura wis shawn in the 1950s, he retrofittit ane o his Batmobile replicas intae the Futura. He ae creatit ane copy an syne the oreeginal Futura became the Batmobile, this is the ae kent Futura in existence.
King's Row
King's Row is a dramatic picture starrin Ronald Reagan.
Bedtime for Bonzo
Bedtime for Bonzo is a comedy picture starrin Ronald Reagan.
Knute Rockne, All American
Knute Rockne, All American is a dramatic and biography pictur starrin Ronald Reagan.
Alexandrovsky Destrict, Vladimir Oblast
Alexandrovsky Destrict (Алекса́ндровский райо́н) is an admeenistrative an municipal destrict (raion), ane o the saxteen in Vladimir Oblast, Roushie. It is locatit in the wast o the oblast. The aurie o the destrict is 1834 km2. Its admeenistrative centre is the toun o Alexandrov. Population: 55,207 (2002 Census);  The population o Alexandrov accoonts for 54.0% o the total destrict's population.
Chiesanuova, Piemont
Chiesanuova is a comune (municipality) in the Province o Turin in the Italian region Piemont, locatit aboot 40 km north o Turin. As o 31 Dicember 2004, it haed a population o 231 an an aurie o 4.0 km².
Chiesanuova borders the follaein municipalities: Frassinetto, Pont-Canavese, Borgiallo, an Cuorgnè.
Weil am Rhein
Geography
Weil am Rhein is locatit at 47.595°N, 7.611°W in the destrict o Lörrach in the Federal State o Baden-Württemberg. The ceety limits border Fraunce tae the wast an Swisserland tae the sooth. Locally, Weil is situatit in the region referred tae as Markgräflerland. Soothren this toun it locatit the triple border Germany-Fraunce-Swisserland
The ceety's location on the Rhine an proximity tae the Black Forest give it a continental climate, pairticularly suitit tae viticultur.
History
The toun is first documentit in the year 786 as Willa, a name which is thocht tae be o Roman oreegin. The duc de Villars crossed the Rhine here in October 1702 tae fecht the Battle o Friedlingen durin the War o the Spainyie Succession. Weil wis severely damagit as a result o the conflict.
Agricultur dominatit local industry till the 19t century, when the ceety began tae grow, aidit bi its favourable transport connections. A railwey marshallin yard linkin Weil am Rhein tae Basel wis built in 1913. Swiss textile factories wur established in the Friedlingen quairter. 1934 saw the construction o a harbour on the Rhine.
Efter the Seicont Warld War the population again grew rapidly due tae the influx o refugees an stateless persons. Atween 1971 an 1975 the commonties o Ötlingen, Haltingen an Märkt wur incorporatit an Weil am Rhein became a substantial toun.
Internaitional relations
Weil am Rhein is twinned wi:
Hellcats of the Navy
Hellcats of the Navy is a war pictur starrin Ronald Reagan and Nancy Reagan.
Fredrik Idestam
Knut Fredrik Idestam (28 October 1838, Tyrväntö, Finland, Roushie – 8 Aprile 1916, Helsinki, Finland, Roushie) wis a Finnish minin ingineer an businessman, best kent as a foonder o Nokia.
Mandalay
Mandalay (, or ) is the seicony-lairgest ceety an the last ryal caipital o Burma. Locatit 445 mile (716 km) north o Yangon on the east bank o the Irrawaddy River, the ceety haes a population o ane million, an is the caipital o Mandalay Region (umwhile Mandalay Diveesion). Mandalay is the economic hub o Upper Burma an considered the centre o Burmese cultur. A continuin influx o Cheenese immigrants, maistly frae Yunnan Province, in the past twintie years, haes reshaped the ceety's ethnic makeup an increased its economic dynamism. Despite Naypyidaw's recent rise, Mandalay remains Upper Burma's main commercial, educational an heal center.
Fredrik Idestam
In Mey 1865, Idestam obtained a permit tae big a grundwood paper mill at Tampere, Finland. The mill began operations in 1866. In 1871, Idestam an Leo Mechelin foondit Nokia Ltd. an flittit the company's operations tae the ceety o Nokia, Finland.
Idestam retired frae the management o the company in 1896.
Destruction (baund)
Destruction is a German thrash metal baund. They are considered ane o the "three keengs" o the Teutonic thrash metal scene, the ithers being Kreator an Sodom. Aw three o these baunds are aften creditit wi helpin pioneer daith metal, bi containing several elements o wha wis tae become the genre.
For maist o the 1990s, Destruction wur no signed tae a major record label an wis forcit tae sel-produce their albums, till they signed a contract wi Nuclear Blast in the 2000s.
Guest muisickers
Tägtgren appeared wi Schmier on the track Total Desaster 2000 frae the All Hell Breaks Loose album.
Aw o these airtists, wi Schmier, wur featured on the same sang, 2005's "The Alliance of Hellhoundz", frae the Inventor of Evil album.
All of these artists, with Schmier, appeared at the Wacken Open-Air Festival in 2007 on the track The Alliance of Hellhoundz, recorded for the 2009 live album The Curse of The Antichrist: Live In Agony.
Evile guitarist, he played the Caos Emergent Festival in Portugal on 13 September, as a replacement for Mike Sifringer who brak twa fingers in Belgium at the Vlamrock Festival on 29 August. Then went on tae play as Destruction's seicont guitarist as a guest onstage at Damnation Festival.
Follaein this, Drake wis invitit tae play some solos an melodies on the 2011 album Day of Reckoning
Gauteng
Gauteng ( or ; ) is ane o the nine provinces o Sooth Africae. It wis formit frae pairt o the auld Transvaal Province efter Sooth Africae's first aw-race elections on 27 Aprile 1994. It wis initially namit Pretoria-Witwatersrand-Vereeniging (or PWV) an wis renamit 'Gauteng' in December 1994.
Situatit in the hert o the Highveld, Gauteng is the smawest province in Sooth Africae, wi anerlie 1.4% o the land aurie, but it is heichlie urbanised, containin the ceeties o Johannesburg an Pretoria. , it haed a population of nearly 10.5 million, makin it the maist populous province in Sooth Africae.
Etymology
The name Gauteng comes frae the Sesotho wird meanin "Place o Gowd", the historical Sesotho name for Johannesburg an surroondin auries. This referred tae the thrivin gowd industry in the province follaein the 1886 discovery o gowd in Johannesburg. The Sesotho wird is a locative derived frae the Afrikaans goud (gowd) plus the locative suffix "-ng." When properly pronoonced, the first letter o the name Gauteng is a voiceless velar fricative, pronoonced similarly tae the "ch" in the German achtung or Scots loch. This pronunciation is naitural in baith the Sesotho an Afrikaans leids.
Borgo
Borgo is an Italian wird (plural borghi), cognate wi Inglis borough, German Burg, French bourg, that nou uisuallie means the new toun ootside the walls o an auld toun (the paese). Vera aften the borgo is a distinct frazione frae the paese, an its name is that o the toun wi Borgo addit, either afore or efter: for example, the lawer toun o Trevi is Borgo Trevi; the lawer toun o Cerreto di Spoleto is Cerreto Borgo. The diminutive form o the wird is borghetto ("little borgo"), frae which the contractit term ghetto derived.
The wird is pairt o the name o a number o places:
Sheikh Fazlollah Noori
Sheikh Fazlollah Noori (Persian: شیخ فضل‌الله نوری, d.Born Mazandaran 31 Julie 1909, Tehran) wis a prominent Shiite Muslim cleric in Iran durin the late 19t an early 20t century opposed the Iranian Constitutional Revolution an wis executit for treason as a result. The day, he is considered a martyr (shahid) in the fecht against democracy bi Islamic conservatives in Iran.
Sheik Fazlullah wis born in 1843. Efter feenishing primary eddication, he left Iran for Najaf an left for Samara tae enjoy Mirza Shirazi's excellence. He went tae Iran in 1883 an teuk residency in Tehran. He believit in the Sharia. He believit that Muslims need an Islamic parliament based on Koran an Mohammad's experience.
Noori wis ane o the maist vigorous opponents o the Iranian Constitutional Revolution, a muivement tae remuive foreign influence frae Iran, leemit the pouer o the Shah an establish a naitional consultative assembly that wad gie the fowk a vyce in the affairs o state. The muivement wis led principally bi merchants, intellectuals an some clerics. Noori initially gae restrained support tae the uprisin, but he suin became an extreme creetic an enemy o the constitutionalists. He authored pamphlets an incitit mobs against constitutionalism an constitutionalists preachin that thay wad bring vice tae Iran. He issued a fatwa declarin aw members o the new parliament an govrenment "apostates", "atheists," "secret Babis," an koffar al-harbi (warlike pagans) whose bluid oucht tae be shed bi the faithful.
Wojciech Jaruzelski
Wojciech Witold Jaruzelski (6 Julie 1923 - 25 Mey 2014) wis a Polish military officer an poleetician. He wis the first Preses o Poland frae Juie 1989 tae December 1990.
Helwan
History
The Khedivial Astronomical Observatory wis built here 1903-1904, an wis uised tae observe Halley's comet. The Behman Hospital, Egyp's auldest an lairgest private psychiatric clinic, wis built there in 1939.
Durin the early pairt o the 20t century, the ceety wis the site o RAF Helwan, a major Breetish airbase, which wis later uised bi the Egyptian Air Force.
In Aprile 2008, pairts o the admeenistrative diveesion o the Cairo govrenorate wis split intae twa, Cairo an Helwan, wi Helwan encompassin maist o the suburbs o Cairo, new compunds an rural soothren veelages. Helwan became the caipital o the new Helwan Govrenorate. Follaein the dissolution o the Helwan Govrenorate in Aprile 2011, the ceety o Helwan wis reincorporatit intae the Cairo Govrenorate.
Economy
Local industry includes iron, steel, textiles an cement. The aurie haes hot sulphur springs, an astronomical observatory, the Helwan University an a burial chamber (discovered in 1946). It is the terminus o the Cairo's licht rail Metro Line 1.
Destricts
The Helwan govrenorate bundary includes the follaein destricts: Maadi, Helwan, 15t o Mey, El-Sherouk ceety, El-Obour ceety, Badr ceety, New Cairo destricts such as Madinaty, El-Rehab ceety, the Fift compund destrict (El-Tagammu' El-Khames).
The ceety o Helwan itsel includes destricts such as Wadi Hof, Hadayek Helwan, an Maasara.
Telemark
is a coonty in Norawa, borderin Vestfold, Buskerud, Hordaland, Rogaland an Aust-Agder. The coonty admeenistration is in Skien. Till 1919 the coonty wis kent as Bratsberg amt.
Location
The coonty is locatit in sootheastren Norawa, extendin frae Hardangervidda tae the Skagerrak coast. The coastline extends frae Langesundsfjorden to Gjernestangen at the border tae Aust-Agder. Telemark haes a vera braken an heterogeneous landscape, includin mony hills an valleys.
Infrastructur
The internaitional road E18 goes through the soothren pairts o Telemark, namely Grenland an the municipality o Kragerø. European route 134, anither important motorwa an the fastest route atween Oslo an Bergen, goes through the municipalities o Vinje, Tokke, Kviteseid, Seljord, Hjartdal an Notodden. RV36, stretchin frae Porsgrunn to Seljord, links the E18 an E134 motorwas.
Telemark is well servit bi railweys. The Sørlandsbanen runs through the traditional destricts o Vestmar an Midt-Telemark, servin the municipalities o Drangedal, Nome, Bø and Sauherad. Grenland is primarily servit bi Vestfoldbanen, but haes connections through Bratsbergbanen which runs atween Skien an Notodden an aw.
Geiteryggen Airport in Skien affers flichts tae Bergen an Stockholm.
Frae Langesund, Kystlink operates ferry services tae Swaden an Denmark.
The main bus lines in the coonty are operatit bi Telemark Bilruter, servin wastren an middle pairts o the coonty, an Nettbuss which serves the middle, eastren an soothren pairts o the coonty. Drangedal Bilruter serves the Vestmar region.
Population
The lairgest population centres are Skien, Porsgrunn, Notodden, Rjukan an Kragerø. Ither important places are Bø, Fyresdal an Vinje.
The name
The Norse form o the name was Þelamǫrk. The first element is the genitive plural case o þelir, the name o an auld Germanic tribe. The last element is mǫrk 'firthland, borderland, march'. (See an aw Hedmark and Finnmark.)
Till 1919 the coonty wis cried Bratsberg amt. The amt wis namit efter the ferm Bratsberg (Norse Brattsberg), syne this was the seat o the amtmann ('govrenor'). The first element is the genitive case o brattr m 'steep montain', the last element is berg n 'mountain'. (The name is referrin tae a steep muntainside ahint the ferm.)
Telemark lent its name tae Telemark skiin, a style inventit bi Sondre Norheim, an the characteristic Telemark landin o ski jumpin.
Coat-o-airms
The coat-o-airms is frae modren times (1970). It shows an auld type o battle axe, significant for the coonty.
History
Some historians uised tae believe that Telemark haed been a petty kinrick in the early Viking Age, prior tae the reign o Harald Fairhair. This assertion, housomeivver, is unfoondit.
The film The Heroes of Telemark is loosely based on the Norse hivy watter sabotage, a raid on a hivy water plant at Rjukan durin Warld War II. Ray Mears made a documentary titled The Real Heroes of Telemark as a response tae the inaccuracies o the film, givin an accoont mair focused on the ootdoor skills that wur required for the operation (spendin months in the muntains an remote cabins).
Destricts
The coonty is conventionally dividit intae traditional destricts. These are Grenland, Vest-Telemark, Midt-Telemark, Øst-Telemark an Vestmar.
Guatemala Depairtment
Guatemala is ane o the 22 departments o Guatemala. The caipital is Guatemala Ceety, whilk sers as the naitional caipital an aa.
The department kivers a surface aurie o 2,126 km², an haed a population o 2,541,581 at the 2002 census.
Chiesanuova
Chiesanuova is a minor municipality o San Marino. It haes a population o 1,029 inhabitants (conditions 2006) in an aurie o 5.46 km².
Geography
It borders the San Marino municipalities San Marino an Fiorentino an the Italian municipalities Sassofeltrio, Verucchio an San Leo.
Parishes
Chiesanuova haes 7 parishes (curazie):
Kameshkovsky Destrict
Kameshkovsky Destrict (Ка́мешковский райо́н) is an admeenistrative an municipal destrict (raion), ane o the saxteen in Vladimir Oblast, Roushie. It is locatit in the north o the oblast. The aurie o the destrict is 1090 km2. Its admeenistrative centre is the toun o Kameshkovo. Population: 37,961 (2002 Census);  The population o Kameshkovo accoonts for 43.0% o the destrict's total population.
Ciudad Jiménez
Jiménez (offeecially, José Mariano Jiménez) is a ceety an seat o the municipality o Jiménez, in the northren Mexican state o Chihuahua. As o 2005, the ceety haed a tot population o 33,567. Bi 2010 the population increased tae 34281.
It wis foondit on 4 Januar 1753, unner the name o Real Presidio de Santa Maria de las Caldas del Valle de Huejoquilla. The current name (syne 1826) honours Unthirldom War hero José Mariano Jiménez. It wis gien ceety status in 1898.
Obluchye
Obluchye (Облу́чье) is a toun an the admeenistrative centre o Obluchensky Destrict o the Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Roushie, locatit on the Amur River 159 km wast o Birobidzhan. Population:
Anenii Noi
Anenii Noi is a ceety in east-central Moldovae, the seat o Anenii Noi District. It is locatit 36 km (22 mi) SE o the caipital Chişinău.
Obluchye
History
Construction on a section o the Trans-Siberian Railway connectin Chita an Vladivostok began in 1898, stairtin at each end an meetin haufwey. The project producit a lairge influx o new settlers an in 1911 a veelage wis foondit aroond the Obluchye railwey station, the name o which roughly means the route passin aroond as the railwey at this point travels throu a lairge curve aroond the muntains.
Anenii Noi
Accordin tae the 2004 census, the ceety administers an aurie inhabitit bi 11,463 fowk. This aurie consists o the ceety itself, population 8,358, an five suburb villages: Albiniţa, population 370, Beriozchi, population 647, Hîrbovăţul Nou, population 484, Ruseni, population 1,090, an Socoleni, population 514. O these, 6,324 are Moldovans (Romanians), 2,721 Ukrainians, 1,923 Roushies, 68 Gagauzians, 178 Bulgarians, 7 Jews, 11 Poles, 46 Gypsies, an 185 ithers/undeclared. At the 1930 census, there wur twa localities: Anenii Noi, population 661 (558 Bessarabian Germans, 30 Roushies, 19 Romanians, an 4 Poles), an Anenii Vechi, population 990 (891 Roushies, 74 Romanians, 19 Germans, 4 Jews, an 2 Bulgarians) in Plasa Bulboaca o Tighina Coonty.
There are twa restaurants an a few factories in Anenii Noi. Transportation is available tae Anenii Noi ivery hauf hour frae Chişinău.
Obluchye
History
The railwey wis completit in October 1916.
Toun status wis grantit tae Obluchye in 1938.
Economy
The gowd minin company Zoloto Zutary is based in the toun. Ither employers include the railwey wirkshops connectit tae the toun's station on the Trans-Siberian Railway.
Encarnación, Paraguay
Encarnación is a ceety in southeastern Paraguay. It is situatit (370 km) 235 mile sooth-east o the caipital Asunción on the Paraná River, opposite the Argentine ceety o Posadas. The twa ceeties ar linked bi the San Roque González de Santa Cruz Bridge. Encarnación is the caipital o the department o Itapúa an haes a population o 69,769 (2002 census).
The ceety wis foondit bi the Jesuits in 1615. It gained in importance efter the comin o the railway in 1854. In 1957, the ceety wis made the seat o the Roman Catholic Diocese o Encarnación. The day the ceety is dividit intae twa main sections - the auld ceety bi the river an the newer business district inland. Akis o its mild climate Encarnación is aften cawed "The Pearl o the Sooth".
Maist o the indwallers ar o mixed Spanish an Amerindian descent as in the rest o Paraguay but thare ar an aa minorities o Germans, Ukrainians, Japanese, Koreans, Arabs, New Zealanders, Cheenese an Poles.
Encarnación wis the birthplace o Alfredo Stroessner, general an heid o state o Paraguay frae 1954 tae 1989.
It is an aa the "Carnival" Capital o Paraguay, a yearly celebration o mostly Brazilian music and dance.
Yoruba
Yoruba mey refer tae:
Naitional Progressive Front
The Naitional Progressive Front is the name uised bi twa poleetical coalitions.
Chulalongkorn
Phra Bat Somdet Phra Poramintharamaha Chulalongkorn Phra Chunla Chom Klao Chao Yu Hua (พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรมินทรมหาจุฬาลงกรณ์ฯ พระจุลจอมเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว), or Rama V (20 September 1853 – 23 October 1910) wis the fift monarch o Siam unner the Hoose o Chakri. He wis kent tae the Siamese o his time as Phra Phuttha Chao Luang (พระพุทธเจ้าหลวง - The Royal Buddha). He is considered ane o the greatest kings o Siam. His reign wis characterized bi the modrenization o Siam, immense government an social reforms, an territorial cessions tae the Breetish Empire an French Indocheenae. As Siam wis threatened bi Wastren expansionism, Chulalongkorn, through his policies an acts, managed tae save Siam frae being colonized. Aw his reforms wur dedicatit tae Siam’s insurance o survival in the midst o Wastren colonialism, so that Chulalongkorn earned the epithet Phra Piya Maharat (พระปิยมหาราช - The Great Belovit King).
Kingston upon Hull
Twinned ceeties
Hull haes formal twinnin arrangements wi several places:
Sergey Golovkin
Sergey Golovkin (Сергей Александрович Головкин) (26 November 1959, in Moscow, Soviet Union – 2 August 1996) wis a Soviet an Roushie serial killer kent as "The Fisher" or "The Udav" (The "Boa") who killed an butchered 11 boys in the Moscow aurie atween 1986 an 1992.
Golovkin wis sentencit tae daith an executit bi shuitin, the last ane tae be executit bi Roushie.
Kolchuginsky Destrict
Kolchuginsky Destrict (Кольчу́гинский райо́н) is an admeenistrative an municipal destrict (raion), ane o the saxteen in Vladimir Oblast, Roushie. It is locatit in the wast o the oblast. The aurie o the destrict is 1148 km2. Its admeenistrative centre is the toun o Kolchugino. Population: 11,405 (2002 Census);  The population o Kolchugino accoonts for 81.2% o the destrict's total population.
Sheffield
Sheffield is a ceity an metropolitan borough o Sooth Yorkshire, Ingland. Its name derives frae the River Sheaf, which runs through the ceity. Historically a pairt o the Wast Ridin o Yorkshire, an pairtly Derbyshire, the ceity haes grown frae its lairgely industrial ruits tae encompass a wider economic base. The population o the Ceity of Sheffield is 534,500 (2008 est.) an it is ane o the aicht lairgest regional Inglis ceities that mak up the English Core Cities Group.
Durin the 19t century, Sheffield gained an internaitional reputation for steel production. Mony innovations wur developed locally, includin crucible an stainless steel, fuellin an amaist tenfold increase in the population durin the Industrial Revolution. Sheffield received its municipal charter in 1893, offeecially becomin the City of Sheffield. Internaitional competition in iron an steel caused a decline in traditional local industries durin the 1970s an 1980s, coincidin wi the collapse o coal minin in the area.
The ceity is locatit the valleys o the River Don an its fower tributaries, the Loxley, the Porter Brook, the Rivelin, an the Sheaf, frae which the ceity takes its name. 61% o the Sheffield’s entire area is green space, an a third o the ceity lies athin the Peak District National Park.
Sister Ceeties
The "Sheffield International Linking Committee" promotes Sheffield owerseas, especially wi fower sister ceeties:
A further fower ceeties hae a Friendship Agreement wi Sheffield:
Dinosaur
Dinosaurs are a varied group of animals from taxonomic, morphological and ecological standpoints. Birds, at over 10,700 living species, are among the most diverse group of vertebrates. Using fossil evidence, paleontologists have identified over 900 distinct genera and more than 1,000 different species of non-avian dinosaurs. Dinosaurs are represented on every continent by both extant species (birds) and fossil remains. Through the first half of the 20th century, before birds were recognized as dinosaurs, most of the scientific community believed dinosaurs to have been sluggish and cold-blooded. Most research conducted since the 1970s, however, has indicated that dinosaurs were active animals with elevated metabolisms and numerous adaptations for social interaction. Some were herbivorous, others carnivorous. Evidence suggests that all dinosaurs were egg-laying; and that nest-building was a trait shared by many dinosaurs, both avian and non-avian.
While dinosaurs were ancestrally bipedal, many extinct groups included quadrupedal species, and some were able to shift between these stances. Elaborate display structures such as horns or crests are common to all dinosaur groups, and some extinct groups developed skeletal modifications such as bony armor and spines. While the dinosaurs' modern-day surviving avian lineage (birds) are generally small due to the constraints of flight, many prehistoric dinosaurs (non-avian and avian) were large-bodied—the largest sauropod dinosaurs are estimated to have reached lengths of 39.7 meters (130 feet) and heights of 18 m (59 ft) and were the largest land animals of all time. The misconception that non-avian dinosaurs were uniformly gigantic is based in part on preservation bias, as large, sturdy bones are more likely to last until they are fossilized. Many dinosaurs were quite small, some measuring about 50 centimeters (20 inches) in length.
The first dinosaur fossils were recognized in the early 19th century, with the name "dinosaur" (meaning "terrible lizard") having been coined by Sir Richard Owen in 1841 to refer to these "great fossil lizards". Since then, mounted fossil dinosaur skeletons have been major attractions at museums worldwide, and dinosaurs have become an enduring part of popular culture. The large sizes of some dinosaurs, as well as their seemingly monstrous and fantastic nature, have ensured their regular appearance in best-selling books and films, such as Jurassic Park. Persistent public enthusiasm for the animals has resulted in significant funding for dinosaur science, and new discoveries are regularly covered by the media.-->
Gorokhovetsky Destrict
Gorokhovetsky Destrict (Горохове́цкий райо́н) is an admeenistrative an municipal destrict (raion), ane o the saxteen in Vladimir Oblast, Roushie. It is locatit in the east o the oblast. The aurie o the destrict is 1487 km2. Its admeenistrative centre is the toun o Gorokhovets. Population: 25,832 (2002 Census);  The population o Gorokhovets accoonts for 61.1% o the destrict's total population.
Nizhnyaya Tura
Nizhnyaya Tura (Ни́жняя Тура) is a toun in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Roushie, locatit on the Tura River (Ob's basin), 254 km north o Yekaterinburg. Population:
History
It wis foondit in 1754; toun status wis grantit tae it in 1949.
Admeenistrative an municipal status
Athin the framewirk o the admeenistrative divisions, it is, thegither wi twinty-ane landwart localities, incorporatit as the Toun o Nizhnyaya Tura —an admeenistrative unit wi the status equal tae that o the destricts. As a municipal diveesion, the Toun o Nizhnyaya Tura is incorporatit as Nizhneturinsky Urban Okrug.
Kirzhachsky Destrict
Kirzhachsky District (Киржа́чский райо́н) is an admeenistrative an municipal destrict (raion), ane o the saxteen in Vladimir Oblast, Roushie. It is locatit in the wast of the oblast. The aurie o the destrict is 1135 km2. Its admeenistrative centre is the toun o Kirzhach. Population: 45,188 (2002 Census);  The population o Kirzhach accoonts for 71.1% o the destrict's total population.
Acquaviva (San Marino)
Acquaviva is ane o the 9 communes or "castelli" o San Marino.
Geography
It haes 1,812 inhabitants (conditions 2006) in an aurie o 4.86 km². It borders the San Marino municipalities Borgo Maggiore an San Marino an the Italian municipalities San Leo an Verucchio.
History
It is named efter a locally-important source o water.
Parishes
Acquaviva is subdividit intae twa parishes (curazie):
Gus-Khrustalny Destrict
Gus-Khrustalny Destrict (Гусь-Хруста́льный райо́н) is an administrative an municipal destrict (raion), ane o the saxteen in Vladimir Oblast, Roushie. It is fund in the sooth o the oblast. . The area o the destrict is 4370 km2. Its administrative centre is the toun o Gus-Khrustalny (thit is no administratively a pairt o the destrict). Population: 50,813 (2002 Census);
Carlos I o Portugal
Carlos I o Portugal (Charles I) the Diplomat (forby kent as the Martyr; o Diplomata an o Martirizado; 28 September 1863 – 1 Februar 1908), named Carlos Fernando Luís Maria Víctor Miguel Rafael Gabriel Gonzaga Xavier Francisco de Assis José Simão de Bragança Sabóia Bourbon e Saxe-Coburgo-Gotha, wis the 33rd (or 34t accordin tae some historians) an penultimate Keeng o Portugal an the Algarves. He wis the first Portuguese king tae dee a violent daith syne Sebastian o Portugal (1578). This occurred in 1908, when Carlos wis murthert in Lisbon as he travelled in an open carriage wi the ryal faimily.
Gus-Khrustalny Destrict
Admeenistrative an municipal status
Ben the framewirk o admeenistrative diveesions, Gus-Khrustalny Destrict is ane o the saxteen in the oblast. The toun o Gus-Khrustalny serves as its admeenistrative centre, despite bein incorporatit separate as an admeenistrative unit wi the status equal tae that o the destricts.
As a municipal diveesion, the destrict is incorporatit as Gus-Khrustalny Municipal Destrict. The Toun o Gus-Khrustalny is incorporatit separat fae the destrict as Gus-Khrustalny Urban Okrug.
Zagora
Zagora mey refer tae:
FC Dynamo Stavropol
FC Dynamo Stavropol («Динамо» (Ставрополь)) is an association fitbaw club frae Stavropol, sooth Roushie. Efter missin the 2009 saison due tae financial difficulties, the club wis resurrectit in 2010, takin ower anither Stavropol team, FC Stavropolye-2009. It plays in the Russian Seicont Diveesion in 2010.
Leet o ceeties in Jordan
This Leet o ceeties in Jordan is a leet o ceeties an touns in the kintra o Jordan.
Seine-et-Marne
Seine-et-Marne is a French depairtment, namit efter the Seine an Marne rivers, an locatit in the Île-de-France region.
Kaunas
Kaunas is the seicont lairgest ceety in Lithuanie, an haes historically been a leadin centre o Lithuanie economic, academic, an cultural life.
Seine-et-Marne
History
Seine-et-Marne is ane o the oreeginal 83 depairtments, creatit on 4 Mairch 1790, durin the French Revolution in application o the law o 22 Dizember 1789. It haed previously belangit tae the umwhile province o Île-de-France.
Melenkovsky Destrict
Melenkovsky Destrict (Ме́ленковский райо́н) is an admeenistrative an municipal destrict (raion), ane o the saxteen in Vladimir Oblast, Roushie. It is locatit in the sootheast o the oblast. The aurie o the destrict is 2221 km2. Its admeenistrative centre is the toun o Melenki. Population: 41,125 (2002 Census);  The population o Melenki accoonts for 41.7% o the destrict's total population.
Kaunas
Twin touns — Sister ceeties
Kaunas is twinned wi:
Seine-et-Marne
Geografie
The depairtment haes mony naitural reserves, notably Brie an Gâtinais.
Principal touns include: Chelles, Torcy, Pontault-Combault, Lagny-sur-Marne, Coulommiers, Champs-sur-Marne, Nemours, Meaux, Melun, Montereau-Fault-Yonne, Brie-Comte-Robert, Provins, Fontainebleau as well as the new touns o  Marne-la-Vallée an Sénart.
The heichest pynt o the département is Saint-George’s Hill (215 m).
Climate
The storm o 26 Dizember 1999 led tae five daiths in Seine-et-Marne an caused several trees tae faw.
Economy
Wi 60% o the region uised as farmland, Seine-et-Marne is whaure maist agricultural activity occurs within the Île-de-France. Cereals an succar beet are the principal exports frae Seine-et-Marne.
The ither key industrial structurs are the refinery at Grandpuits an the Snecma research plant. The twa new touns are the centre o tourism for the depairtment, mainly due tae theme parks sic as Disneyland Park an Walt Disney Studios Park at Disneyland Paris.
Demografics
Fowk frae Seine-et-Marne are kent as the Seine-et-Marnais.
Oreeginally Seine-et-Marne wis vera landwart an lichtly populatit. Ower the past 50 year, housomeivver, its population haes tripled, due tae the development o the Paris conurbation an the biggin o new touns. The population wis estimatit tae be 1,267,496 indwallers in 2006. The region haes chyngit frae consistin anerlie o sma veelages tae formin a lairge pairt o the Paris conurbation.
Seine-et-Marne as a whole shares a sister ceety relationship wi Orlando, Florida, Unitit States, as baith host Disney theme pairks.
Arise
Arise mey refer tae:
ARISE mey refer tae:
Bradford
Bradford is a lees at the hert o the City of Bradford, a metropolitan burgh o Wast Yorkshire, in Northren Ingland. It is situatit in the fuithills o the Pennines, 8.6 mile (13.8 km) wast o Leeds, an 16 mile (25.7 km) northwast o Wakefield. Bradford became a municipal borough in 1847, an received its chairter as a ceety in 1897. Follaein local govrenment reform in 1974, ceety status wis bestowed upon the wider metropolitan borough.
Bradford haes a population o 293,717, makin it the fowerteent-maist muckle settlement in the UK. Bradford forms pairt o the Wast Yorkshire Urban Aurie conurbation which in 2001 haed a population of 1.5 million an is pairt o the Leeds-Bradford Lairger Urban Zone (LUZ), the third lairgest in the UK efter Lunnon an Manchester, wi an estimatit population in the 2004 Urban Audit o 2.4 million.
Etymology
The name Bradford is derived frae the "broad ford" at Church Bank (belaw the steid o Bradford Cathedral) aroond which a settlement haed begun tae appear afore the time o the Norman Conquest ("Bradeford" in the Domesday beuk o 1086). The ford crossed the stream cried Bradford Beck.
Internaitional relations
Bradford is twinned wi a number o places aroond the warld: