cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
River Dee, Aiberdeenshire
The New Statistical Account of Scotland attributit the name Dee as haeing been used as airly as the seicont hunneryear AD in the wark of the Alexandrian geographer Claudius Ptolemy, as Δηοῦα (=Deva), meanin 'Goddess', pyntin tae a divine status fur the river in the beliefs o the auncient fowk o the area. There ar mony ither rivers in Great Britain wi the same name, an aw o these ar believed tae hae alike wird springheids.
Upper reaches
The River Dee rises fae a spring on the Braeriach plat in the Cairngorm Mountains at a heich o aboot 1,220 m, the heichist soorce o ony major river in the Anglo-Celtic Isles. The Dee flows intae a nummer o puils cried the Wells o Dee then flows ower the plat tae the cliff edge fae faur the Faws o Dee plunge intae An Garbh Choire.("burn o the roch corrie" ). The river is jynt bi a tributary comin fae the Puils o Dee in the Lairig Ghru, and flows sooth doon the Lairig Ghru atween Ben Macdui an Cairn Toul, tummlin ower faws in the Kist o Dee on its wey tae White Brig an the meetin o the watters wi Geldie Burn, at whilk pynt it turns east.
Linn o Dee
At Linn o Dee the river rins east throu a 300 metre naitural rock cleuch. The brig that spans the Dee this pynt wis appent bi Queen Victoria in 1857, an the spot wis muckle favoured bi the queen durin her stays at Balmoral Castle. Atween Linn o Dee an Braemar, the Lui Watter (formed fae the Luibeg an Derry burns) an Quoich Watter jyn the River Dee. The River Clunie meets the watters o the Dee at Braemar. Evidents o human activity as bygane as c8,200 BC hae been fand at mony steids alang the baunks o the Dee.
Strathdee
Throu Deeside the river rins past Braemar, Balmoral Castle, Ballater, Dinnet, Abyne an Banchry tae reach the sea at Aiberdeen. Near Ballater twa rivers ar tributaries: the River Gairn fae the nor' an the River Muick, comin fae Loch Muick tae the sooth. The river remains inwith the Cairngorms National Pairk until it reaches Dinnet. The Watter o Tanar flows throu Glen Tanar afore jynin the Dee at Abyne. The Faws of Feugh haes a meetin o the watters wi the Dee at Banchry an Coy Burn enters at Milton o Crathes.
The tidal limit is juist abuin Brig o Dee, biggit aroond 1720, that carries the main A90 trunk road fae Aiberdeen tae the so outh. Afore winnin at the Nor' Sea, the river rins throu Aiberdeen Harbour, the main marine centre fur the energy industry in Europe, servicing the ooterly ile an gas industry. An artificial channel wis biggit in 1872 tae strachten the river's flow intae the sea.
Natur an hainin
The Dee is important fur natur hainin an the area haes mony designated steids. The upper catchment doon tae Inverey is inwith the Mar Lodge Estate, that is awnt bi the National Trust for Scotland an haes been classified as a national natur reserve syne Mey 2017.
The Cairngorms National Pairk, establisht in 2003, covers the hale o the catchment o the Dee, includin tributaries, doon tae as far as Dinnet. Aside fae bein pairt o the Pairk, the Deeside airt, alang wi the mountains surroondin Lochnagar as far sooth as the heid o Glen Doll, ar thegither classified as the Deeside and Lochnagar National Scenic Area, een o 40 sic areas athort Scotland. The designated national scenic area covers 40,000 ha, extendin fae the Geldie doon tae Ballater.
The hale lenth o the Dee is a Speicial Area o Conservation (SAC) as saumon, otter an mussels lippen til it for their scowth. Ither SACs wi-in the Deeside airt include Glen Tanar, the Muir o Dinnet, Ballochbuie an the Morrone Birkwood. The soothren side o Deeside is classified as a Special Protection Area, gien the area's importance fur gowden eagle.
Muckle o the semi-naitural Caledonian pine forest in Scotland is athin the Dee catchment. The area haes nationally rare ensaumples o pine wids, birk wids an heather muirs wi associatit wildlife. On the dale floor there are aller an mixed braidleaft wids an meidae gresslaunds.
The Dee is weel kent as a saumon river, haein a series o varied puils, split bi shairp rapids. In 1995 it wis pruift that saumon fishin on the river gied atween £5 tae £6 million a year tae the Grampion Region economy.
Ryal Deeside
The area aroon Braemar an Ballater is kent as Ryal Deeside, a term that the tourist trade haes heezed up. Syne the reign o Queen Victoria, the British Ryal Faimily hae spent thair simmers at Balmoral Castle. Ivery year thay attend the Braemar Hieland Gaitherin an ither local events. Birkhaw, umwhile awnt bi the Queen Mither, is noo uised bi Prince Charles.
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Selectit species
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The Inquiry wis pursued bi a committee o Privy Counsellors wi broad terms o reference tae consider Breetain's involvement in Iraq atween mid-2001 an Julie 2009. It covered the run-up tae the conflict, the subsequent militar action an its eftermath wi the purpose tae establish the wey deceesions war made, tae determine whit happened an tae identify lessons tae ensur that in a seemilar situation in futur, the Breetish govrenment is equipped tae respond in the maist effective manner in the best interests o the kintra. The open sessions o the inquiry commenced on 24 November 2009 an concludit on 2 Februar 2011.
In 2012, the govrenment vetoed the release tae the Inquiry o documents detailin minutes o Cabinet meetins in the days leadin up tae the invasion o Iraq in 2003. Concurrently, the Foreign Office successfully appealed against a judge's rulin an blocked the disclosur o extracts o a conversation atween US Preses George W. Bush an Breetish Prime Meenister Tony Blair days afore the invasion. The govrenment statit that revealin the conversation would present a "significant danger" tae Breetish-American relations. The million-wird report o the Inquiry wis due tae be released tae the public bi 2014, but difficult negotiations war continuin wi the Unitit States ower the publication o documents. The Laird-in-Waitin Laird Wallace o Saltaire said on behauf o the govrenment that it would be "inappropriate" tae publish the report in the months leadin up tae the next general election in Mey 2015.
In August it transpired that the Report wad in ony event be further delayed, possibly intae 2016, due tae the legal requirement o "Maxwellisation", allaein ony person wha is tae be criticised a fair opportunity tae comment on a draft prior tae finalisation an publication. Chilcot wrote a letter tae David Cameron in October 2015, annooncin that the text could be complete bi Aprile 2016, an furthermair proponed a release date o Juin or Julie 2016.
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Preposeetion an postposeetion
Ae preposeetion or postposeetion normalie combines wi ae noon or pronoon, or mair geeneralie ae noon phrase, this is cawed its complement, or whilies its object. Ae preposeetion comes afore its complement; an ae postposeetion comes efter its complement. Scots generalie haes preposeetions insteid o postposeetions – wirds lik in, unner an o precede (or comm afore) thair objects, aes in in Scotland, unner the buird, o Jane – awthou thaur's ae smaa haunnfu o ceptions inclaedin "syne", lik in "three days syne" . Somm leids, that uise ae differt wird order, hae postposeetions insteid, or hae baith types. The phrase formed bi ae preposeetion or postposeetion thegather wi its complement is cawed ae preposeetional phrase (or postposeetional phrase, adposeetional phrase, etc.) – sic phrases normalie hae aen adverbial role in ae sentence.
Ae less common type o adposeetion is the circumposeetion, this conseests o twa pairts that appear oan baith sides o the complement. Ither terms whilies uised fer parteecular types o adposeetion inclaed ambiposeetion, inposeetion and interposeetion. Some lingueests uise the wird preposeetion in the steid o adposeetion regairdless o hou the appleecable adposeetion is uised.
Termeenologie
The wird preposeetion comes fae prae ("afore") an ponere ("tae pit"). This speaks o the situation in Laitin an Greek (an in Scots), whaur sic wirds ar steided afore the noon that they modifie (cept whilies in Ancient Greek), an hence ar "pre-poseetioned".
In somm leids, inclaedin Sindhi, Urdu, Turkish, Hindi, Korean, an Japanese, the same kinn o wirds affen come efter thair complement. Tae shaw this, they ar cawed postposeetions (uisin the prefix post-, fae the Laitin post that means "ahint, efter"). Thaur's some cases an aw whaur the job is duin bi twa pairts comin afore an efter the complement; this is cawed ae circumposetion (fae the Laitin circum "aroond").
Preposeetions, postposeetions an circumposeetions ar kent aes adposeetions aes ae groop (uisin the Laitin prefix ad-, meanin "tae"). Houniver, somm lingueests prefer tae uise the weel-kent an langer estableeshed term preposeetion insteid o adposeetion, regairdless o the poseetion compared tae the complement.
Graimmateecal properties
Aen adposeetion establishes ae grammateecal relationship that airts its complement tae anither wird or phrase in the context. It aft times establishes an aw ae semanteec relationship, that micht be spatial (in, on, unner, ...), temporal (efter, ...), or o somm ither type (o, fer, bi waa o, ...). The World Atlas of Language Structures treats ae wird aes aen adposeetion gif it taks ae noon phrase aes complement an shaws the grammateecal or semanteec relationship o that phrase tae the verb in the clause that hauds it.
Some exaumples o hou the Scots uises its preposeetions ar shawen ablo. In ilka case, the preposeetional phrase kyths in italeecs, an the preposeetion wiin kyths in bold. The wird that the phrase speaks o ae relation wi – that is, the wird that the preposeetional phrase is aen adjunct or complement tae – is unnerlined. In somm o the exaumples, the same wird haes twa preposeetional phrases aes adjuncts. In the hainmaist o thir exaumples the complement haes the form o aen adverb that's bin nominalised fer tae serve aes ae noon phrase; see Differt forms o complement, doon ablow. Preposeetional phrases thirsels ar whilies nomeenalised: Aen adposeetion can determine the grammateecal case o its complement. In Scots, the complements o preposeetions tak the objecteev case whaur it can (fae him, no *fae he). In Koine Greek, aes aen exaumple, certain preposeetions aye tak thair objects in ae certain case (e.g., ἐν aye taks its object in the dateeve), while ither preposeetions coud tak thair object in yin o twa or mair cases, dependin oan the meanin o the preposeetion (e.g., διά taks its object in the geniteev or in the accusateev, dependin oan the meanin). Somm leids hae cases that ar uised excluiseevlie efter preposeetions (preposeetional case), or byordinair forms o pronoons fer uiss efter preposeetions (preposeetional pronoon).
The functions o adposeetions owerlap wi the functions o case maurkins (aes aen exaumple, the meanin o the Scots preposeetion o is expressed in monie leids bi ae geniteev case endin), bit adposeetions ar claissed aes syntacteec elements, while case maurkins ar morphaelogeecal.
Adposeetions thirsels ar aft times non-inflectin ("invariant"): they dinna hae paradigms o form (lik tense, case, gender, etc.) the same waa that verbs, adjecteeves, an noons can. Thaur's ceptions tae this, mind, lik preposeetions that hae fuisit wi ae pronominal object fer tae form inflected preposeetions.
The follaein properties ar charactereestic o maist adposeetional systems:
Classifeecation bi poseetion
Aes mynded abuin, adposeetions ar referred tae by sindrie terms, dependin oan thair poseetion reelateev tae the complement.
While the term preposeetion is whilies uised fer the name o onie adposeetion, in its  mair streect meanin it refers yinlie tae the yin that comms afore its complement. Exaumples o this, fae the Ingles, hae bin shawen abuin; siclik exaumples can be foond in monie leids o Europ an the world, lik in: In certain grammateecal constructions, the complement o ae preposeetion michtna be thair or micht hae bin muived fae its poseetion directlie efter the preposeetion. This micht be spaken o aes preposeetion straundin (see ablo an aw), lik in "Wham did ye gae wi?" an "Thau's yinlie the ae thing worse than bein blathered aneat." Thaur's somm (maistlie colloqueeal) expressions an aw whaurin ae preposeetion's complement micht be left oot, lik "Ah'm heidin aff tae the pairk. Dae ye wannae com wi?", an the Fraunch Il fait trop froid, je ne suis pas habillée pour ("It's ower caud, Ah'm no dressed fer [the seetuation].") The boldened wirds in thir exaumples ar still maistlie thocht o aes preposeetions, cause whan thay form ae phrase wi ae complement (in mair ordinair constructions) they maun kyth first.
Ae postposeetion follaes its complement fer tae form ae postposeetional phrase. Somm exaumples inclaed: Somm adposeetions can kyth either afore or efter thair complement: Aen adposeetion lik the abuin, that can be ae preposeetion or ae postposeetion, can be cawed aen ambeeposeetion. Houniver, ambeposeetion can be uised fer tae speak o ae circumposeetion an aw (see ablo), or o ae wird that seems tae function aes ae preposeetion an postposeetion at the same time, lik in the Vedic Sanskrit construction (noon-1) ā (noon-2), meanin "fae (noon-1) tae (noon-2)".
Whather ae leid haes maistlie preposeetions or postposeetions is seen aes aen aspect o its typologeecal classification, an tends tae correlate wi ither properties relatit tae heid directionalitie. Cause aen adposeetion is seen aes the heid o its phrase, preposeetional phrases ar heid-ineetial (or richt-braunchin), while postposeetional phrases ar heid-final (or cair-braunchin). Thaur's ae tendencie fer leidss that featur postposeetions tae hae ither heid-final featurs, lik verbs that follae thair objects; an fer leids that featur preposeetions tae hae ither heid-ineetial featurs, lik verbs that comm afore thair objects. Houniver, this is yinlie ae tendencie; aen exaumple o ae leid that behaves differt is Laitin, that maistlie maks uiss o preposeetions, een thou it aft times steids verbs efter thair objects.
Ae circumposeetion is makit up o twa or mair pairts, poseetioned oan baith sides o the complement. Circumposeetions ar fair common in Pashto an Kurdish. The follaein ar exaumples fae Northern Kurdish (Kurmanji): Syndrie constructions in ither leids micht be analysed aes circumposeetional an aw, fer tae gie exaumples: Houniver, maist o thir phrases, can be analysed aes haein ae differt hierarcheecal structur (lik ae preposeetional phrase that modifies ae follaein adverb). The Chinese exaumple coud be analysed tae be ae preposeetional phrase heidit bi cóng ("from"), cause it take the locateev noon phrase bīngxīang lǐ ("freedge inside") aes its complement.
Aen inposeetion is ae rare type o adposeetion that kyths atween pairts o ae complex complement. Fer tae gie aen exaumple, in the naiteev Californian Timbisha lleid, the phrase "fae ae mean caud" can be owerset bi uisin the wird order "caud fae mean"—the inposeetion follaes the noon bit comms afore onie follaein modifiers that ar pairt o the samm noon phrase.
The term interposeetion haes bin uised fer adposeetions in structurs lik wird fer wird, (French) coup sur coup ("yin efter anither, repeatinlie"), (Russian) друг с другом ("yin wi the ither"). This is no ae case o aen adposeetion kyth inside o its complement, cause the twa noons dinna form ae single phrase (thaur's nae phrase *wird wird, fer aen exaumple); thir uisses hae mair o ae coordinatin ilk.
Straundin
Preposeetion straundin is ae syntacteec construct whaurin ae preposeetion happens sommwhaur ither than richt afore its complement. Fer tae gie aen exaumple, in the Scots sentence "Whit did ye seet oan?" the preposeetion oan haes whit fer its complement, bit whit haes bin muivit tae the stairt o the sentence, cause it's aen interrogateeve wird. This sentence is ae lot mair common an naitural soondin than the equeevalent sentence wioot the straundin: "Oan whit did ye seet?" Preposeetion straundin is affen foond in Inlis, aes weel aes North Germaneec leids lik Swadish. Whather or no it exeests in German an Dutch is debated. Preposeetion straundin is fond in some Niger–Congo lieds an aw, lik Vata an Gbadi, an in some North American kinds o French.
Somm prescreepteev Inglis grammars threap that preposeetions canna be at the end o ae sentence, awthoo thaur's nae rule tae proheebit that uiss. Siclic rules came aboot wi the rise o classicism, whan thay were applied tae Inglis fer tae imitaet classical leids lik Laitin. Otto Jespersen, in his Essentials of English Grammar (first publeeshed in 1933), haed this tae say aneat this defineetion-derived rule: "...nor need a preposition (Laitin: praepositio) stand before the word it governs (go the fools among (Sh[akespeare]); What are you laughing at?). You might just as well believe that all blackguards are black or that turkeys come from Turkey; many names have either been chosen unfortunately at first or have changed their meanings in course of time."
Seemple, complex an improper
Seemple adposeetions ar o ae single wird (oan, in, fer, thewairds, etc.). Complex adposeetions ar o ae groop o wirds that act lik the ae unit.
The disteenction atween seemple an complex adposeetions isna sae clear-cut. Monie seemple adposeetions ar derived fae complex forms (e.g., wi + in → wiin, bi + side → beside) throo grammateecalisation. This change taks time, an aw throo the transeetionin stages the adposeetion acts in somm waas lik ae single wird, an in ither waas lik ae monie-wird unit. Fer an exaumple, the nou German orthographeec conventions recognise the indeterminate status o somm preposeetions, allouin fer twa speelins: anstelle/an Stelle ("insteid o"), aufgrund/auf Grund ("acause o"), mithilfe/mit Hilfe ("bi means o"), zugunsten/zu Gunsten ("in favor o"), zuungunsten/zu Ungunsten ("at the disadvantage o"), zulasten/zu Lasten ("at the expense o").
The disteenction atween complex adposeetions an free combeenations o wirds isna ae blaick an white issue: complex adposeetions (in Scots, "preposeetional eedeeoms") can be mair fossilised or less fossilised. In Scots, this applies tae ae nummer o structurs o the form "preposeetion + (airticle) + noon + preposeetion", lik in front o, fer the sake o.
In descreeptions o somm leids, preposteeons ar divided intae proper (or "essential") an improper (or "accideental"). Ae preposeetion is cawed improper gif it's somm ither pairt o speech that's uised in the same waa aes ae preposeetion. Exaumples o seemple an complex preposeetions that hae bin classified lik this inclaed prima di ("afore") an davanti (a) ("in front o") in Italian, an ergo ("acause o") an causa ("fer the sake o") in Laitin. A biordinair case, houniver, is  Ancient Greek, whaur aen improper preposeetion is yin that canna serve aes ae prefix tae ae verb an aw.
Differt forms o complement
Aes said abuin, adposeetions aft times hae noon phrases aes complements. This can inclaed nominal clauses an somm types o non-finite verb phrase: Whan the wird tae comes afore the infeeniteev in Scots, it's no ae preposeetion, bit is insteid ae grammateecal pairticle ootside o onie main wird claiss.
In ither cases the complement micht be in the form o aen adjecteeve, adjecteev phrase, or an adverbial. This coud be seen aes ae complement that represen ae differt syntacteec categerie, or aes seemplie aen aetypical form o noon phrase (see nominalisation).
Semanteec functions
Adposeetions can be uised tae express ae wide range o semanteec relations atween thair complement an the rest o the context. The relations expressed can be spatial (spakin o location or direction), temporal (spakin o poseetion in time), or relations expressin comparison, content, agent, instrument, means, manner, cause, purpose, reference, etc.
Maist common adposeetions ar extreemlie polysemoos (thay hae syndrie differt meanins). In monie cases ae primarie, spatial meanin becomes extendit tae non-spatial uisses bi metaphoreecal or ither processes. Cause o the varietie o meanins, the ae adposeetion offen haes monie possible equeevalents in anither leid, dependin oan the exact context that it's uised in; this can cause somm richt confusion in learnin seicont leids. Uissage can be differt an aw atween byleids o the same leid (fer aen exaumple, American Inglis haes on the weekend, whaur-as Breetish Inglis uises at the weekend).
In some contexts (lik in the case o some phrasal verbs) the choice o adposeetion micht be determined bi anither element in the construction or be fixed bi the hael construction. Here the adposeetion micht hae it's ain wee bit freestaundin semanteec content, an thaur michtna be onie clear raison why the ae adposeetion is uised bit no anither.
Preposeetions whilies maurk roles that can be considered quite grammateecal: Spatial meanins o adposeetions can be directional or stateec. Ae directional meanin normalie involves motion in ae particulair direction ("Kay gaed tae the store"), the direction that sommit leads or points ("Ae path intae the wuids"), or the extent o sommit ("The fog stretched fae Lonnon tae Paris"). Ae stateec meanin yinlie shaws ae steid ("at the store", "ahint the chair", "oan the muin"). Somm preposeetions can hae baith thir uisses: "he sat in the watter" (stateec); "he jumped in the watter" (proabablie directional). In somm leids, the case o the complement varies dependin oan the meanin, lik wi twa three preposeetions in German, lik in: In the Scots an monie ither leids, preposeetional phrases that hae ae stateec meanin ar aft times uised aes predicateev expressions efter ae copula ("Jock is at the store"); this micht happen wi some directional preposeetions an aw ("Bob is fae Australia"), bit this is less common. Directional preposeetional phrases combine maistlie wi verbs that shaw muivment ("Heather is gaun intae her bedruim", bit no *"Heather is liein doun intae her bedruim").
Directional meanins can be divided een mair intae teleec and ateleec. Teleec preposeetional phrases implie muivment aw the waa tae the end ("she ran tae the fence"), while ateleec phrases dinna ("she ran thewairds the fence").
Stateec meanins can be divided intae projecteev an non-projecteev, whaur projecteev meanins ar the yins that need knawledge o the perspecteev or point o view. Fer aen exaumple, the meanin o "ahint the rock" is liklie tae depend apo the poseetion o the speaker (projecteev), whaur aes the meanin o "oan the desk" is no (non-projecteev). whilies the interpretation is ambeeguoos, lik wi "ahint the hoose", that micht mean either at the naitural back o the hoose, or oan the ither side o the hoose fae the speaker.
Adverbs an pairticles
Thaur's oft times similairities in form atween adposeetions an adverbs. Some adverbs comm fae the fusion o ae preposeetion an its complement (lik dounstairs, fae doun (the) stairs, an unnergroond, fae unner (the) groond). Some wirds can function lik adverbs aes weel aes preposeetions, lik inside, abuird, unnerneath (fer aen exaumple, ye can say "gae inside", wi adverbial uiss, or "gae inside the house", wi preposeetional uiss). Thir cases ar analogous tae verbs that can be uised transiteevlie or intransiteevlie, an fer that raison the adverbial forms micht be analysed aes "intransiteev preposeetions". This analysis coud be extendit tae ither adverbs, lik here, thaur, efterwairds, etc., een thou thir niver tak complements.
Monie Scots phrasal verbs hae pairticles that ar uised adverbalie, een thou they maist pairt hae the form o ae preposeetion (thir wirds could be cawed preposeetional adverbs). The equeevalents in Dutch an German ar separable prefixes, that offen hae the samm form aes preposeetions: fer aen exaumple, Dutch aanbieden an German anbieten (baith mean "tae offer") hae the separable prefix aan/an, this is ae preposition an aw that means "oan" or "tae".
Conjunctions
Somm wirds can be uised baith aes adposeetions an aes subordinatin conjunctions: It would be possible tae analyse sic conjunctions (or een ither subordinatin conjunctions) aes preposeetions that tak ae hael clause aes ae complement.
Verbs
In some leids, inclaedin ae nummer o Chinese varieties, monie o the wirds that serve aes preposeetions can be uised aes verbs an aw. Fer aen exaumple, in Staundard Chinese, 到 dào can be uised in ae preposeetional or ae verbal sense: Cause o this owerlap, an the fact that ae sequence o preposeetional phrase an verb phrase affen resembles ae serial verb construction, Chinese preposeetions (an thae in ither leids wi siclik grammateecal structurs) ar affen spaken o aes coverbs.
Case affixes
Somm grammateecal case maurkins hae ae siclik function tae adposeetions; ae case affix in the ae leid micht be equeevalent in it's meanin tae ae preposeetion or postposeetion in anither. Fer aen exaumple, in Inglis the agent o ae passeev construction is maurkt bi the preposeetion by, while in Russian it is maurkt bi the uiss o the instrumental case. Whilies sic equeevalents exeest wiin ae single leid; fer an exaumple, the geniteev case in German is affen interchangeable wi ae phrase that uises the preposeetion von (juist lik in Scots, the preposeetion o is affen interchangeable wi the possesseev suffix  's).
Adposeetions combine syntacteeclie wi thair complement, whaur-aes case maurkins combine wi ae noon morphaelogeeclie. In some instances it micht no be clear whilk applies; the exaumples ablo ar some possible waas tae mak sic ae disteenction: Een sae, ae clear disteenction canna aye be makit. Fer aen exaumple, the post-nominal elements in Japanese an Korean ar whilies cawed case pairticles an whilies cawed postposeetions. Sommtimes they ar analysed aes twa differt groops cause they hae differt charactereesteecs (e.g., the abeelitie tae combain wi focus pairticles), bit in sic analysis, it's no clear whit groop ae gien wird shid in.
Intergluteal cleft
The intergluteal cleft, an aa kent medically bi various synonyms an colloquially as the "butt crack" or "arse crack", is the groove atween the buttocks that runs frae juist ablo the sacrum tae the perineum, sae named acause it forms the veesible border atween the freemit roondit protrusions o the gluteus maximus muscles. The intergluteal cleft is locatit superior tae the anus.
Aage Bohr
Aage Niels Bohr (19 Juin 1922 – 9 September 2009) wis a Dens nuclear pheesicist wha shared the Nobel Prize in Pheesics in 1975 wi Ben Mottelson an James Rainwater "for the discovery o the connection atween collective motion an pairticle motion in atomic nuclei an the development o the theory o the structur o the atomic nucleus based on this connection".
Adolfo Suárez
Adolfo Suárez González, 1st Duke o Suárez, Grandee o Spain, KOGF (25 September 1932 – 23 Mairch 2014) wis a Spainyie lawyer an politeecian. Suárez wis Spain's first democratically electit prime meenister efter the dictatorship o Francisco Franco, an the key figur in the kintra's transeetion tae democracy.
Dublin Airport
Dublin Airport, (Aerfort Bhaile Átha Cliath), is a internaitional airport servin Dublin, the caipital ceety o Ireland. It is operatit bi DAA (umwhile Dublin Airport Authority). The airport is locatit 5.4 nmi north of Dublin in Collinstown, Fingal. In 2016, 27.9 million passengers passed throu the airport, makkin it the airport's busiest year on record. It is the 16t busiest airport in Europe, an is the busiest o the state's airports bi total passenger traffec an aw. It haes the greatest traffec levels on the island o Ireland, follaeed bi Belfast Internaitional Airport, Coonty Antrim.
Voznesensk Raion
Voznesensk Raion (Вознесенський район) is locatit in the Mykolaiv Oblast o Ukraine. Its admeenistrative centre is the toun o Voznesensk.
Adolfo Suárez
Durin his term as Prime Meenister, Suárez wis the key figur in the kintra's chynge tae democracy. He led an foondit some democratic politeecal pairties in Spain. He introducit the Politeecal Reform o Spain in 1976 which helpit Spain tae acome a democratic kintra.
Brian May
Brian Harold May, (born 19 Julie 1947) is an Inglis muisicker, sangster, sangwriter an astropheesicist, best kent as the lead guitarist o the rock baund Queen.
Alun Cairns
Alun Hugh Cairns (born 30 Julie 1970) is a Welsh Conservative Pairty politeecian, wha wis Secretar o State for Wales frae 19 Mairch 2016 tae his demission on 6 November 2019. He represents the Vale o Glamorgan in the Hoose o Commons o the Unitit Kinrick.
Korostyshiv Raion
Korostyshiv Raion (Коростишівський район) is a raion (destrict) o Zhytomyr Oblast, northren Ukraine. Its admeenistrative centre is locatit at Korostyshiv. The raion covers a aurie o 973.9 square kilometres an as o 2011 it haed a population o 41,115 fowk.
Anthony James Leggett
Sir Anthony James Leggett (born 26 Mairch 1938), haes been a professor o physics at the Varsity o Illinois at Urbana-Champaign syne 1983. Leggett is widely recognised as a warld leader in the theory o law-temperatur physics, an his pioneerin wirk on superfluidity wis recognised bi the 2003 Nobel Prize in Physics.
Adolfo Suárez
In 2005, Suárez wis diagnosit wi Alzheimer's disease. He diet nearly nine years later at the age o 81 in Madrid, Spain.
Early life
Suárez wis born in Cebreros, Spain. His parents wur Hipólito Suárez Guerra an Herminia González Prados. He wis eddicatit at the Varsity o Salamanca. Suárez marrit María Amparo Illana Elórtegui in 1961.
Politeecal career
In late Julie o 1977, Suárez acame a member o the Congress o Deputies for Madrid. He wis a member till he retirit frae politics in 1991.
Georgetown (Washington, D.C.)
Georgetown is a historic neebourheid, commercial, an enterteenment destrict locatit in northwast Washington, D.C., situatit alang the Potomac River. Foondit in 1751 in the Province o Maryland, the port o Georgetown predatit the establishment o the federal destrict an the City of Washington bi 40 years. Georgetown remained a separate municipality till 1871, when the Unitit States Congress creatit a new consolidatit govrenment for the whole District of Columbia. A separate act passed in 1895 specifically repealed Georgetown's remainin local ordinances an renamit Georgetown's streets tae conform wi those in the City of Washington.
Hobro
Hobro [] is a auld mercat an railwey toun in Region Nordjylland on the Jutland peninsula in northren Denmark. It haes a population o 11,736 (1 Januar 2014). The toun is situatit in a hilly terrain at the heid o Mariager Fjord, close tae the umwhile Viking fortress o Fyrkat. It is the seat o Mariagerfjord Municipality.
Adolfo Suárez
Politeecal career
In 1977, Spain haed its first free elections in 41 years. Suárez wis electit Prime Meenister. He an the fowk workin wi him won the 1979 elections unner the new constitution. He resignit as Prime Meenister on 29 Januar 1981.
In 1981, Keeng Juan Carlos o Spain gae Suárez the hereditary title o "Duque de Suárez" (Duke o Suárez). He an aa receivit the title Grande de España (Inglis: Grandee o Spain) acause o his role in the chynge tae democracy.
Personal life
Suárez haed five childer. His first bairn deit in 2004 frae cancer. His wife o fifty years, María Amparo died in 2001. He livit in Madrid durin his retirement years.
In 2005, he wis diagnosed wi Alzheimer's disease.
Daith
On 31 Mey 2005, Suárez's son, Adolfo Suárez Illana, annooncit on Spainyie telly that his faither wis sufferin frae Alzheimer's disease. He deit frae a respiratory infection in Madrid, agit 81.
Ben Roy Mottelson
Ben Roy Mottelson (born Julie 9, 1926; deed Mey 13, 2022) wis an American-born Dens nuclear pheesicist. He wan the 1975 Nobel Prize in Pheesics for his wirk on the non-spherical geometry o atomic nuclei.
Agatha, wife o Edward the Exile
Agatha (afore 1030 – efter 1070) wis the wife o Edward the Exile (heir tae the throne o England) an mither o Edgar the Ætheling, Saunt Margaret o Scotland an Cristina o England. Her antecedents are unclear an the subject o muckle speculation.
Hobro
Politics
Hobro wis till 1 Januar 2007 an aw a municipality (Dens, kommune) in North Jutland Coonty coverin a aurie o 166 km² an wi a total population o 15,318 (2005). Its last mayor wis Jørgen Pontoppidan, a member o the Venstre (Leeberal Pairty) poleetical pairty.
Hobro municipality ceased tae exist due tae Kommunalreformen ("The Municipality Reform" o 2007). It wis mergit wi Arden, Hadsund, an Mariager municipalities tae shape the new Mariagerfjord municipality. This creatit a municipality wi a aurie o 769 km² an a total population o 43,049 (2005). The new municipality belangs tae Region Nordjylland ("North Jutland Region").
Rail
Hobro is servit bi Hobro railway station. It is locatit on the Randers-Aalborg railwey line an affers direct InterCity services tae Copenhagen an Frederikshavn an regional train services tae Aarhus an Aalborg.
Whalsa
Whalsa (Whalsay, Hvalsey or Hvals-øy, meanin 'Whaul Island') is the saxt lairgest o the Shetland islands in Scotland.
Georgetown (Washington, D.C.)
References
Citations
San Juan Cacahuatepec
Agricultur o the aurie includes corn, beans, succarcane, rice, an tropical fruits.
Mustelidae
The Mustelidae (frae Laitin mustela, weasel) are a faimily o carnivorous mammals, includin the otter, badger, weasel, marten, foumart, mink an wolverine.
San Juan Cacahuatepec
History
Ance inhabitit bi Yopes, the aurie came unner dominion o Spain in 1523. Several times it haes been impactit bi unrest in the region. It wis a gatherin pynt for rebel forces o Hermenegildo Galeana in the early 19t century, an later, in 1854, it wis razit bi Antonio López de Santa Anna.
Alexander Macfarlane
Prof Alexander Macfarlane FRSE LLD (21 Apryle 1851 – 28 August 1913) wis a Scots logician, physicist, an mathematician.
Nestos (municipality)
Nestos (Νέστος) is a municipality in the Kavala regional unit, East Macedonie an Thrace, Greece. The seat o the municipality is the toun Chrysoupoli. It was named after the river Nestos.
Cuenca de Pamplona
The Cuenca de Pamplona (Iruñerria) is a comarca in Navarre, Spain. The Spainyie wird cuenca means 'basin', referrin tae a 'territory surroondit o muntains or hills'. The metropolitan aurie o Pamplona grows in detriment o the ceralistic kintraside.
Nestos (municipality)
Municipality
The municipality Nestos wis formit at the 2011 local govrenment reform bi the merger o the follaein 3 umwhile municipalities, that became municipal units:
Vradiivka Raion
Vradiivka Raion (Врадіївський район) is locatit in the Mykolaiv Oblast o Ukraine. Its admeenistrative centre is the toun o Vradiivka.
Death Race
Death Race mey refer tae:
Cuenca de Pamplona
Municipalities
Ansoáin, Aranguren, Barañáin, Belascoáin, Beriáin, Berrioplano, Berriozar, Bidaurreta, Burlada, Ciriza, Cizur, Echarri, Egüés, Etxauri, Galar, Goñi, Huarte, Iza, Juslapeña, Noáin - Valle de Elorz, Ollo, Olza, Orcoyen, Pamplona, Tiebas-Muruarte de Reta, Villava – Atarrabia, Zabalza an Zizur Mayor/Zizur Nagusia.
Nestos (municipality)
Province
The province o Nestos (Επαρχία Νέστου) wis ane o the provinces o the Kavala Prefectur. It haed the same territory as the present municipality. It was abolished in 2006.
Roger Taylor (Queen drummer)
Roger Meddows Taylor (born 26 Julie 1949) is an Inglis muisicker, multi-instrumentalist, sangster an sangwriter. He is best kent as the drummer o the rock baund Queen, but haes an aa served as sangwriter an occasional lead vocalist.
Ada o Huntingdon
Life
Ada wis born in Scotland, the dochter o Henry o Huntingdon (1114–1152) an Ada de Warenne (deed c. 1178 1178). Henry wis the son o King David I o Scotland an Maud, Coontess o Huntingdon, an Ada's siblings include the Scots kings Malcolm IV, William the Lion, an David o Scotland, Earl o Huntingdon.
Coontess o Holland
In 1162 she wis speirt for her haund in mairiage tae Floris III, Coont of Holland (c. 1132 1132–1190) bi the Abbot o Egmond, Holland. Thegither, the Abbot an Ada traveled back tae Holland, whaur the waddin ceremony occurred, likely in Egmond, on 28 August 1162. Ada received the County o Ross in the Scots Hielands as a waddin gift.
Westfield
Westfield mey refer tae ane o the follaein:
Death Race (franchise)
The Death Race series is a caur combat franchise encompassin a series o films an ither media centred on a reality show set in a preeson, whaur inmates race against ilk ither in order tae win thair freedom.
Malcolm Fraser
John Malcolm Fraser AC, CH, GCL, PC (21 Mey 1930 – 20 Mairch 2015) wis an Australian politeecian. He servit as the 22nt Prime Meenister of Australie frae 11 November 1975 throu 11 November 1983. He wis an aa leader o the Liberal Party frae 1975 tae 1983.
Cuenca de Campos
Cuenca de Campos is a municipality o Spain in the region o Tierra de Campos in Valladolid province, autonomous commonty o Castile an León. It covers a aurie o 47.93 km2 wi a population o 272 inhabitants in 2012.
Economy
Its economy is based on agricultur, cereals (wheat, baurley, aits), an legumes (alfalfa an chickpeas), an fermstockin.
Grand Duchy o Moscow
The Grand Duchy o Moscow (Великое Княжество Московское, ''Velikoye Knyazhestvo Moskovskoye), or Grand Principality o Moscow (an aa kent in Inglis/Scots simply as Muscovy), wis a late medieval Rus' principality centred on Moscow an the predecessor state o the early modren Tsardom o Roushie.
Stargard
Stargard Szczeciński (Stargard in Pommern; Stôrgard) is a ceety in northwastren Poland, wi a population o 71,017 (2005).
Twin touns — sister ceeties
Stargard Szczeciński is twinned wi:
Brian Easton (fitbawer)
Brian Neil Easton (born 5 Mairch 1988) is a Scots fitbawer, that plays for Hamilton Academical.
San Juan Colorado
San Juan Colorado is a toun an municipality in Oaxaca in sooth-wastren Mexico. The municipality covers a aurie o 85.48 km². It is locatit in the Jamiltepec Destrict in the wast o the Costa Region.
Uyea, Unst
Uyea is an uninhabitit island, lyin sooth o Unst in Shetland, Scotland.
San Juan Colorado
As o 2005, the municipality haed a total population o 8669.
Leet o wather records
This is a leet o wather records, a leet o the maist extreme occurrences o wather phenomena for various categories.
Measurin condeetions
The staundart measurin condeetions for temperatur are in the air, 1.5 meters abuin the grund, an shielded frae direct sunlicht (hence the term, x degrees "in the shade"). The follaein leets include aw offeecially confirmed claims measurt bi those methods.
Temperaturs measured directly on the grund mey exceed air temperaturs bi 30 tae 50 °C. A grund temperature o 84 °C (183.2 °F) haes been recordit in Port Sudan, Sudan. A grund temperatur o 93.9 °C (201 °F) wis recordit in Furnace Creek, Death Valley, Californie, USA on 15 Julie 1972; this mey be the heichest naitural grund surface temperatur ever recordit. The theoretical maximum possible grund surface temperatur haes been estimatit tae be atween 90 and 100 °C for dry, darkish siles o law thermal conductivity.
Satellite measurements o grund temperature taken atween 2003 an 2009, taken wi the MODIS infrared spectroradiometer on the Aqua satellite, foond a maximum temperatur o 70.7 °C (159.3 °F), which wis recorded in 2005 in the Lut Desert, Iran. The Lut Desert wis an aa foond tae hae the heichest maximum temperatur in 5 o the 7 years measurt (2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 an 2009.) Thir measurements reflect averages ower a lairge region an sae are lawer than the maximum pynt surface temperatur.
Satellite measurements o the surface temperatur o Antarctica, taken atween 1982 an 2013, foond a cauldest temperatur o −93.2 °C (−136 °F) on 10 August 2010, at -81.8°N, 59.3°W. Althou this is nae comparable tae an air temperature, it is believed that the air temperatur at this location wad hae been lawer than the offeecial record lawest air temperatur o −89.2 °C.
Heichest temperaturs ever recordit bi continent
==== Africae ====
North Americae
==== Oceanie====
Gregory Peck
Eldred Gregory Peck (5 Apryle 1916 – 12 Juin 2003) wis an American actor. He is ane o the maist popular film starns frae the 1940s tae the 1960s. Peck received five Academy Awaird for Best Actor nominations an wan ance for his performance as Atticus Finch in the 1962 drama film To Kill a Mockingbird.
Peck an aw received Oscar nominations for his roles in The Keys of the Kingdom (1944), The Yearling (1946), Gentleman's Agreement (1947) an Twelve O'Clock High (1949). Ither notable films in that he appeared include Spellbound (1945), The Gunfighter (1950), Roman Holiday (1953), Moby Dick (1956, and its 1998 miniseries), The Big Country (1958), The Bravados (1958), Pork Chop Hill (1959), The Guns of Navarone (1961), Cape Fear (1962, and its 1991 remake), How the West Was Won (1962), The Omen (1976) an The Boys from Brazil (1978).