cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
1987 Warld Snooker Championship
The 1987 World Snooker Championship (an aw referred tae as the 1987 Embassy World Snooker Championship for the purposes o sponsorship) wis a professional ranking snooker tournament that teuk place atween 18 Apryle and 4 May 1987 at the Crucible Theatre in Sheffield, England.
Defendin champion Joe Johnson made it tae the final again, as did the previous year's runner-up Steve Davis, makin it a repeat o the 1986 final. Houiver Johnson did nae retain his title, as he fell tae the Crucible curse and lost 14–18 tae Davis. It wis Davis' fowert world title. The tournament wis sponsored bi cigarette manufacturer Embassy.
Overview
The World Snooker Championship is a professional tournament an the offeecial world championship o the gemme o snooker. Foondit in the late 19t century bi British Army soldiers stationed in Indie, the sport wis popular in the British Isles. Houiver, in the modren era it haes acome increasingly popular warldwide, especially in East and Southeast Asian nations sic as Cheenae, Hong Kong and Thailand.
Tournament summary
The defendin champion Joe Johnson haed experienced a "disappointing" saison, nae managing tae reach a major final. Houiver, Sydney Friskin o The Times reportit that Johnson prepared for the Championship bi reportedly practicing diligently, an that the cyst on his back that previously troubled him haed been removed. Johnson stairtit the event as 66-1 against winnin the tournament outsider wi bookmakers.
Leadin up tae the event, Neal Foulds haed been the maist successfu player o the saison. He haed gained the maist ranking pynts during the saison up ahead o Steve Davis, and wis third placed in terms o prize money won, ahead o Davis and Jimmy White.
Qualifying
The qualifying roonds war played at the Preston Guild Hall frae 26 Mairch tae 4 Apryle 1987.
An aicht-time champion in Fred Davis lost 5–10 tae Ken Owers. Anither umwhile champion, John Spencer, who haed won the title three times himsel, beat Roger Bales 10–3. Houiver, for the first time syne turning professional, Spencer failed tae qualify, bein beaten 5–10 bi Barry West. Bill Werbeniuk and Eddie Charlton baith an aw failed tae qualify for the main competeetion for the first time, Werbeniuk losin 8–10 tae Mark Bennett and Charlton beaten 10–4 bi Warren King.
Trailing efter the first session o his qualifying match 3-5, Jimmy van Rensberg wis taken tae hospital wi a suspected hert attack. Houiver, he wis later discharged and went on tae win 10–6. Dene O'Kane scored five century breaks across his three matches, a new record in the qualifying roonds, includin the heichest break o 132. He received £2,000 for the heichest break in qualifying.
First round
Aged 18 years and 97 days, Stephen Hendry became the youngest-ever player tae win a match at the Crucible, wi a 10–7 veectory ower aicht seed Willie Thorne. Hendry haed led 5–4 at the end o thair first session and then teuk the first fower frames in the seicont, afore Thorne won three in succession tae mak it 9–7 tae Hendry. Hendry then teuk the 17t frame tae achieve a 10–7 win.
Frae 5–4 ahead at thair interval, Steve Longworth won five successive frames tae beat Kirk Stevens 10–5. Terry Griffiths an aw progressed frae a 5–4 interval lead tae a 10–4 win, against Jim Wych. Alex Higgins, who wis due tae stairt a sax month ban efter the Championship, beat first-year professional Jon Wright 10–6.
Murdo MacLeod, who tae that pynt haed won anly ane ranking even match in the saison, defeatit Rex Williams 10–5. Williams made the heichest break o the roond, 112. Fowert seed Tony Knowles lost 6–10 tae Mike Hallett, haein led 6–5, an 11t seed Tony Meo lost 8–10 tae John Parrott. White led Dean Reynolds 5–4 at the end o thair first session. Reynolds won the first twa frames o the seicont session baith on respotted blacks, afore White went on tae win 10–8. O'Kane won nine frames in a row going frae 1–5 behind seicont-ranked player Cliff Thorburn tae win 10–5. Ray Reardon beat debutant Barry West 10–5.
Second Round
Johnson led MacLeod 6–2 and 9–4, winnin 13–7. Higgins led Griffiths 6–3 afore Griffiths won fower frames in a row. Thay war level at 8–8, wi Griffiths going on tae win 13–10.
Lestima
Lestima is a veelage in Märjamaa Pairish, Rapla Coonty in wastren Estonie, on the richt (east) bank o the Teenuse River.
Myrath
Myrath, umwhile kent as X-Tazy, is an Oriental metal baund frae Tunisie formit in 2001.
1987 Warld Snooker Championship
Second Round
White made a break o 114 in his match against Parrott, the heichest in that year's championship tae that pynt, an won 13–11.
Myrath
Biography
Myrath (which means Legacy), a metal baund frae Tunis, Tunisie, stairtit oot as a teenage cover baund formit in 2001 bi guitarist Malek Ben Arbia (who wis 13 year auld at the time) an became in juist a few years, a respectit baund bi the international prog-pouer metal community. Myrath performit in a couple o heichlie ratit festivals as well.
1987 Warld Snooker Championship
Second Round
Longworth and Hendry war level at 4–4 at the end o thair first session, Hendry going on tae win 13–7.
Quarter-finals
Johnson led Hendry 8–1 and 12–8 afore Hendry levelled at 12–12. Johnson won the deciding frame.
Regions o Nepal
Nepal is dividit intae 14 admeenistrative zones (अञ्चल), which are dividit intae 75 destricts (जिल्ला). The 14 admeenistrative zones are groupit intae five development regions (विकास क्षेत्र). Each destrict is heidit bi a Chief Destrict Officer (CDO) responsible for maintainin law an order an coordinatin the wirk o field agencies o the various govrenment meenistries.
Myrath
Biography
Their first twa releases are “Hope" in September 2007, an "Desert Call" in Januar 2010. Their style is mainly defined as "Oriental Metal". Myrath's destinctive metal style is blendit wi oriental rhythms, scales an harmonies. Myrath haes filmed a video clip for a sang oot o "Tales of the Sands", their latest album, an will support Orphaned Land in a ane month lang European tour stairtin in November 2011 an anither Tour wi Tarja Turunen in Februar 2012.
Regions o Nepal
The five development regions o Nepal are:
Rata Blanca
Rata Blanca is a hivy metal baund frae Argentinae foondit in 1986.
Thimphu
The ceety is spread oot longitudinally in a north-sooth direction on the wast bank o the valley formed bi the Wang Chuu, kent as the Thimphu Chuu River an aw. Thimphu is locatit at 27.46667°N, 89.64167°W an is spread ower an altitudinal range atween 2,248 metres (7,375 ft) an metres (8,688 ft). Unuisually for a caipital ceety, Thimphu is no served bi an airport, but relies on the airport at Paro, connectit bi road some 54 kilometres (34 mi) away.
The cultur o Bhutan is fully reflectit in Thimphu in respect o literature, releegion, customs, an naitional dress code, the monastic practices o the monasteries, muisic, dance, literature an in the media. Tsechu festival is an important festival when mask dances, popularly kent as Cham dances, are performed in the courtyards o the Tashichhoe Dzong in Thimphu. It is a fower day festival held ivery year durin Hairst (September/October), on dates correspondin tae the Bhutanese calendar.
1987 Warld Snooker Championship
Semi-finals
Johnson beat Foulds 16–9, whilst Davis beat White 16–11.
Johnson wis a frame ahead o Foulds efter thair first session, at 4–3, efter Foulds missed a black that wad hae put him rather than Johnson a frame ahead. Foulds made a break o 48 in winnin the first frame o the seicont session, then won the ninth efter needing snookers. Johnson made breaks o 47 in each o the next twa frames tae lead 6-5. Foulds teuk the next afore Johnson, wi his fowert break o 47 in fower frames, teuk the lead again. Foulds won the last frame o the session wi a break o 45 tae leave them aw square at 7–7. Foulds made a break o 114 in the 15t frame tae gang ane ahead afore Johnson won seiven frames in a row tae lead 14–8.
Davis and White haed been level at 4–4 efter thair first session.
Final
The final atween Steve Davis and Joe Johnson wis the first time that the same twa players haed met in the final at the Crucible for the seicont year in a row. The last time that twa players haed met in consecutive finals at the World Championship wis when Fred Davis and Walter Donaldson haed baith reached the final frae 1947 tae 1951, five years in a row. The next time it wad happen wis when Stephen Hendry and Jimmy White met in three consecutive finals atween 1992 and 1994. This is an aw the anly time that the final haes been contested bi the tap twa seeds o the tournament. In the first frame, Davis compiled a 127 break, the heichest o the main tournament. Johnson then won three frames in a row, afore Davis did the same, leaving Davis 4–3 ahead at the end o the first session. He extendit his lead tae 6–4 at the stairt o the seicont session, an wis 9–7 ahead bi the end o it.
On the seicont day, Johnson won the first frame o the third session tae reduce Davis' lead tae ane frame. Davis then teuk fower consecutive frames tae lead 13–8, but missed the last reid when on a break o 52. Johnson then cleared up tae the black, which Davis wad hae required tae level the scores in the frame. Houiver, Davis left the black in a poseetion that it coud be potted frae, an Johnson won the frame. Davis won the next frame, tae lead 14-9. Johnson then haed his ain run o fower consecutive frame wins tae muive tae within ane frame at 13–14, makin a break o 62 that included a red, leaving the score at 14-9 tae Davis at the end o the third session. Johnson made a break o 52 in the first frame o the fowert session, but left an easy reid for Davis who made a break o 35, but left an easy green for Johnson, who cleared tae the pink tae win. Johnson made a break o 62 in the next frame, wi Davis, who coud still hae won the then losin poseetion on the yellow. Johnson potted the yellae frae distance and cleared tae the blue, wi Davis then conceding the frame. Johnson led 50-0 in the next frame, an wi baith players makin a nummer o errors during the frame, Davis left Johnson an easy broun that allowed Johnson in tae win his fowert consecutive frame. Davis haed breaks o 64 and 40 tae lead 15-13, a break o 73 tae help mak it 16-13, an won on the colours tae mak it 17-13. Johnson won anither frame, wi a break o 67, afore Davis clinched veectory wi a break o 73 tae mak it 18-14, achieving his fowert World Championship title.
Main draw
Shawn ablo are the results for the tournament. The nummers in brackets denote players seedings, whilst players in bold are match winners.
Century breaks
Thare war 18 century breaks at the championship. The heichest o which bein a 127 made bi Steve Davis. This break wis the lowest heichest break recorded syne the event moved tae the Crucible Theatre. A 132 made bi Dene O'Kane wis the heichest break o the qualifying stages.
Änglagård
Änglagård is a Swadish progressive rock baund, wi influences includin Cathedral, King Crimson, Genesis, Trettioåriga Kriget, Schicke Führs Fröhling, an Van der Graaf Generator. The baund wis establishit in 1991 bi Tord Lindman (guitars an vocals) an Johan Högberg (bass guitar), an broke up in 1994.
Keeng o Ingland
Early Monarchs
Kings o Ingland didnae rule the hil' o the country til' 927 wi' Athelstan o' Ingland. Some people say thit' the first king wis Alfred the Great bit' seence he wis first ti' rule thi' entire island he will be the first on this leest.
Hoos' o Wessex
Aethelstan 924-927 (as Anglo-Saxon king) 927-939 (as Inglish king)
Eadred 946-955
Eadwig 955-959
Edgar I 959-975
Edward 975-978 (thi' Martyr)
Aethelred 978-1013, 1013-1016
Hoos' o Denmark
Sweyn 1013-1014
Hoos' o Wessex (restored)
Athelred 978-1013, 1013-1016
Hoos' o Denmark (restored)
Cnut 1016-1035 (thi' Great)
Harold I 1035-1040
Hoos' o Wessex (restored, seecond time)
Edward 1042-1066 (thi' Confeesir)
Edgar II 1066-1066
Hoos' o Normandy
William I 1066-1087 (thi' Baestird) (thi' Conqueror) (thi' Taker)
William II 1087-1100 (thi' Reid) (Rufus)
Henry I 1100-1135
Hoos' o Blois
Stephen 1135-1154, Co-keeng (Eustace IV) 1152-1153
Matilda (disputed) 1141-1141
Hoos' o Anjou
Henry II 1154-1189
Richard I 1189-1199 (thi' Lionheart) (the Lion)
John 1199-1216 (Lackland)
Louis 1216-1217 (thi' Lion) (disputed)
Hoos' o Plantagenet
Henry III 1216-1272
Edward I 1272-1307 (Longshanks)
Edward III 1327-1377
Richard II 1377-1399
Hoos' o Lancaster
Henry IV 1399-1413 (Bollingbroke)
Henry V 1413-1422 (thi' Star o Ingland)
Henry VI 1422-1461
Hoos' o York
Edward IV 1461-1470
Hoos' o Lancaster (restored)
Henry VI 1470-1471
Hoos' o York (restored)
Edward IV 1471-1483
Edward V 1483-1483
Richard III 1483-1485
Hoos' o Tudor
Henry VII 1485-1509
Henry VIII 1509-1547
Edward VI 1547-1553
Jane 1553-1553 (disputed)
Mary I 1553-1558 & Phillip 1554-1558
Elizabeth I 1558-1603 (thi' Virgin)
Hoos' o Stewart/Stuart
James I 1603-1625 (fi' 1567 as keeng o' Scotland)
Charles I 1625-1649
Loard Proteecters
Oliver Cromwell 1653-1658
Richard Cromwell 1658-1659
Hoos' o Stewart/Stuart (restored)
Charles II 1660-1685
James II 1685-1688
Mary II 1689-1694
William III 1689-1694, 1694-1702
Minas Depairtment, Córdoba
Minas Depairtment is a depairtment o Córdoba Province in Argentinae.
Principality o Hungary
The Pricipality of Hungary wis the earliest documented Hungarian State in the Carpathian Basin, founded in 895 or 896 follaein the 9th Century Hungarian Conquest o the Carpathian Basin.
Atom
An atom is the smawest consteetuent unit o ordinary matter that haes the properties o a chemical element. Ivery solit, liquid, gas, an plasma is componed o neutral or ionised atoms. Atoms are very smaw; teepical sizes are aroond 100 picometres (a ten-billiont o a metre, in the short scale).
Atoms are smaw eneuch that attemptin tae predict thair behaviour uisin clessical physics - as if thay war billiard baws, for ensaumple - gies noticeably incorrect predictions due tae quantum effects. Throu the development o physics, atomic models hae incorporatit quantum principles tae better expleen an predict the behaviour.
Ivery atom is componed o a nucleus an ane or mair electrons boond tae the nucleus. The nucleus is made o ane or mair protons an teepically a seemilar nummer o neutrons. Protons an neutrons are cried nucleons. Mair nor 99.94% o an atom's mass is in the nucleus. The protons hae a positive electric chairge, the electrons hae a negative electric chairge, an the neutrons hae na electric chairge. If the nummer o protons an electrons are equal, that atom is electrically neutral. If an atom haes mair or fewer electrons nor protons, then it haes an oweraw negative or positive charge, respectively, an it is cried an ion.
The electrons o an atom are attractit tae the protons in an atomic nucleus bi this electromagnetic force. The protons an neutrons in the nucleus are attractit tae ilk ither bi a different force, the nuclear force, which is uisually stranger than the electromagnetic force repellin the positively charged protons frae ane anither. Unner certaint circumstances the repellin electromagnetic force becomes stranger nor the nuclear force, an nucleons can be ejectit frae the nucleus, leavin behind a different element: nuclear decay resultin in nuclear transmutation.
The nummer o protons in the nucleus defines tae what chemical element the atom belangs: for ensaumple, aw copper atoms conteen 29 protons. The nummer o neutrons defines the isotope o the element. The nummer o electrons influences the magnetic properties o an atom. Atoms can attach tae ane or mair ither atoms bi chemical bonds tae form chemical compoonds sic as molecules. The abeelity o atoms tae associate an dissociate is responsible for maist o the physical chynges observed in naitur, an is the subject o the discipline o chemistry.
Auncient times
The idea that matter is made up o discrete units is a very auld idea, appearin in mony auncient culturs sic as Greece an Indie. The wird "atom" wis creatit bi auncient Greek filosofers. Houiver, thir ideas war foondit in filosofical an theological raisonin raither nor evidence an experimentation. As a result, thair views on whit atoms leuk lik an hou thay behave war incorrect.
1800s
In the early 1800s, John Dalton uised the concept o atoms tae expleen why elements ayeweys react in ratios o smaw hale nummers (the law o multiple proportions). Dalton believed atomic theory coud expleen why watter absorbs different gases in different proportions an aw. For ensaumple, he foond that watter absorbs carbon dioxide faur better nor it absorbs nitrogen. Dalton hypothesized this wis due tae the differences atween the masses an configurations o the gases' respective pairticles, an carbon dioxide molecules (CO2) are hivier an lairger nor nitrogen molecules (N2). In 1827, botanist Robert Brown uised a microscope tae leuk at dist grains fleetin in watter an discovered that thay muived aboot erratically, a phenomenon that became kent as "Brownian motion". This wis thocht tae be caused bi watter molecules knockin the grains aboot. In 1905, Albert Einstein pruived the reality o thir molecules an thair motions bi producin the first Stateestical physics analysis o Brownian motion. French physicist Jean Perrin uised Einstein's wark tae experimentally determine the mass an dimensions o atoms, thareby conclusively verifeein Dalton's atomic theory.
Early 1900s
The physicist J. J. Thomson meisurt the mass o cathode rays, shawin thay war made o pairticles, but war aroond 1800 times lichter nor the lichtest atom, hydrogen. Tharefore, thay war nae atoms, but a new pairticle, the first subatomic pairticle tae be discovered, that he oreeginally cried "corpuscle" but wis later named electron, efter pairticles postulatit bi George Johnstone Stoney in 1874. He shawed thay war identical tae pairticles gien off bi photoelectric an radioactive materials an aw. It wis quickly recognised that thay are the pairticles that cairy electric currents in metal weirs, an cairy the negative electric chairge within atoms. Thomson wis gien the 1906 Nobel Prize in Physics for this wark. Sicweys he owerturned the belief that atoms are the indivrrsible, ultimate pairticles o matter. Thomson incorrectly postulatit that the law mass, negatively chairged electrons wra distributed ootthrou the atom in a uniform sea o positive chairge an aw.
Sznak
Sznak (Սզնակ; umwhile, Arznak ((Արզնակ)) is a veelage in the rural commonty (municipality) o Syunik, in the Syunik Province o Armenie.
Atom
Early 1900s
While experimentin wi the products o radioactive decay, in 1913 radiochemist Frederick Soddy discovered that thare appeared tae be mair nor ane teep o atom at ilk poseetion on the periodic cairt. The term isotope wis coined bi Margaret Todd as a suitable name for different atoms that alang tae the same element. J.J. Thomson creatit a technique for separatin atom teeps throu his wark on ionised gases, that subsequently led tae the discovery o stable isotopes.
In 1913 the physicist Niels Bohr proponed a model in that the electrons o an atom war assumed tae orbit the nucleus but coud anerly dae sae in a finite set o orbits, an coud jimp atween thir orbits anerly in discrete cheenges o energy correspondin tae absorption or radiation o a photon. This quantisation wis uised tae expleen why the electrons orbits are stable (gien that normally, chairges in acceleration, includin circular motion, lose kinetic energy that is emittit as electromagnetic radiation, see synchrotron radiation) an why elements absorb an emit electromagnetic radiation in discrete spectra. Later in the same year Henry Moseley providit addeetional experimental evidence in favour o Niels Bohr's theory.
In 1924, Louis de Broglie proponed that aw pairticles behave tae an extent lik swaws. In 1926, Erwin Schrödinger uised this idea tae develop a mathematical model o the atom that descrived the electrons as three-dimensional swawforms raither nor pynt pairticles. The development o the mass spectrometer allaed the mass o atoms tae be meisurt wi increased accuracy. The device uises a magnet tae bend the trajectory o a beam o ions, an the amoont o deflection is determined bi the ratio o an atom's mass tae its chairge. The chemist Francis William Aston uised this instrument tae shaw that isotopes haed different masses. The atomic mass o thir isotopes varied bi integer amoonts, cried the hale nummer rule. The explanation for thir different isotopes awaitit the discovery o the neutron, an unchairged pairticle wi a mass seemilar tae the proton, bi the physicist James Chadwick in 1932.
In 1938, the German chemist Otto Hahn, a student o Rutherford, directit neutrons ontae uranium atoms expectin tae get transuranium elements. Insteid, his chemical experiments shawed barium as a product. A year later, Lise Meitner an her neffae Otto Frisch verifee'd that Hahn's result war the first experimental nuclear fission. In 1944, Hahn received the Nobel prize in chemistry. Despite Hahn's efforts, the contreibutions o Meitner an Frisch war nae recognised.
Subatomic pairticles
Tho the wird atom oreeginally denotit a pairticle that canna be cut intae smawer pairticles, in modren scienteefic uissage the atom is componed o various subatomic pairticles. The constituent pairticles o an atom are the electron, the proton an the neutron; aw three are fermions. Houiver, the hydrogen-1 atom haes na neutrons an the hydron ion haes na electrons.
The electron is bi faur the least massive o thir pairticles at 9.11 kg, wi a negative electrical chairge an a size that is too smaw tae be meisurt uisin available techniques. Protons hae a positive chairge an a mass 1,836 times that o the electron, at 1.673 kg. The nummer o protons in an atom is cried its atomic nummer. Neutrons hae na electrical chairge an hae a free mass o 1,839 times the mass o the electron, or 1.693 kg, the hiviest o the three constituent pairticles, but it can be reduced bi the nuclear bindin energy.
Baith protons an neutrons are composite pairticles componed o elementary pairticles cried quarks. Thare are twa teeps o quarks in atoms, ilk haein a fractional electric chairge. Protons are componed o twa up quarks (ilk wi chairge +2⁄3) an ane doun quark (wi a chairge o −1⁄3). Neutrons conseest o ane up quark an twa doun quarks. This distinction accoonts for the difference in mass an chairge atween the twa pairticles. The quarks are held thegither bi the strang interaction (or strang force), that is mediatit bi gluons.
Nucleus
Aw the boond protons an neutrons in an atom mak up a tottie atomic nucleus, an are collectively cried nucleons. The radius o a nucleus is approximately equal tae 1.07 3√A fm, whaur A is the tot nummer o nucleons. This is muckle smawer nor the radius o the atom, that is on the order o 105 fm. The nucleons are boond thegither bi a short-ranged attractive potential cried the residual strang force. At distances smawer nor 2.5 fm this force is muckle mair pouerfu nor the electrostatic force that causes positively chairged protons tae repel ilk ither. The proton, the electron, an the neutron are clessifee'd as fermions.
Electron clood
The electrons in an atom are attractit tae the protons in the nucleus bi the electromagnetic force. This force binds the electrons inside an electrostatic potential wall surroondin the smawer nucleus, that means that an freemit soorce o energy is needit for the electron tae escape. The closer an electron is tae the nucleus, the greater the attractive force. Hence electrons boond near the centre o the potential wall require mair energy tae escape nor thae at greater separations.
Properties
Bi defineetion, ony twa atoms wi an identical nummer o protons in thair nuclei alang tae the same chemical element. Atoms wi equal nummers o protons but a different nummer o neutrons are different isotopes o the same element. For ensaumple, aw hydrogen atoms admit exactly ane proton, but isotopes exist wi no neutrons (hydrogen-1, bi faur the maist common form, cried protium an aw), ane neutron (deuterium), twa neutrons (tritium) an mair nor twa neutrons.
Aboot 339 nuclides occur naiturally on Yird, o that 254 (aboot 75%) hae nae been observed tae decay, an are referred tae as "stable isotopes". Houiver, anerly 90 o thir nuclides are stable tae aw decay, even in theory. Anither 164 (bringin the tot tae 254) hae nae been observed tae decay, even tho in theory it is energetically possible.
The lairge majority o an atom's mass comes frae the protons an neutrons that mak it up. The tot nummer o thir pairticles (cried "nucleons") in a gien atom is cried the mass nummer. It is a positive integer an dimensionless (insteid o haein dimension o mass), acause it expresses a coont. An ensaumple o uise o a mass nummer is "carbon-12," that haes 12 nucleons (sax protons an sax neutrons). The actual mass o an atom at rest is eften expressed uisin the unifee'd atomic mass unit (u), cried dalton (Da) an aw. As even the maist massive atoms are faur too licht tae wirk wi directly, chemists insteid uise the unit o moles. Ane mole o atoms o ony element ayeweys haes the same nummer o atoms (aboot 6.022). This nummer wis chosen sae that if an element haes an atomic mass o 1 u, a mole o atoms o that element haes a mass close tae ane gram.
Atoms lack a well-defined ooter boondary, sae thair dimensions are uisually descrived in terms o an atomic radius. This is a meisur o the distance oot tae that the electron clood extends frae the nucleus. Whan subjectit tae fremmit forces, lik electrical fields, the shape o an atom mey deviate frae spherical symmetry. The deformation depends on the field magnitude an the orbital teep o ooter shell electrons, as shawn bi group-theoretical conseederations.
Atomic dimensions are thoosands o times smawer nor the swawlenths o licht (400–700 nm) sae thay canna be viewed uising an optical microscope. Houever, individual atoms can be observed uisin a scannin tunnelin microscope. Tae veesualise the size o the atom, consider that a teepical human hair is aboot 1 million carbon atoms in weenth. A single drap o watter conteens aboot 2 sextillion (2) atoms o oxygen, an twice the nummer o hydrogen atoms.
Ivery element haes ane or mair isotopes that hae unstable nuclei that are subject tae radioactive decay, causin the nucleus tae emit pairticles or electromagnetic radiation. Radioactivity can occur whan the radius o a nucleus is lairge compared wi the radius o the strang force, that anerly acts ower distances on the order o 1 fm.
The maist common forms o radioactive decay are:
Elementar pairticles possess an intrinsic quantum mechanical property kent as spin. This is analogous tae the angular momentum o an object that is spinnin aroond its centre o mass, awtho strictly speakin thir pairticles are believed tae be pynt-lik an canna be said tae be rotatin. Spin is meisurt in units o the reduced Planck constant (ħ), wi electrons, protons an neutrons aw haein spin ½ ħ, or "spin-½".
Monosodium glutamate
Monosodium glutamate (MSG, kent as sodium glutamate an aw) is the sodium saut o glutamic acid, ane o the maist abundant naiturally occurrin non-essential amino acids. Glutamate is found in tomatoes, Parmesan cheese, tattiees, puddock stuils, an ither vegetables an fruits.
Atom
Identification
The scannin tunnelin microscope is a device for viewin surfaces at the atomic level. It uises the quantum tunnelin phenomenon, that allaes pairticles tae pass throu a barrier that wad normally be insurmoontable. Electrons tunnel throu the vacuum atween twa planar metal electrodes, on ilk o that is an adsorbed atom, providin a tunnelin-current density that can be meisurt. Scannin ane atom (taken as the tip) as it muives past the ither (the saumple) permits plottin o tip displacement versus lateral separation for a constant current. The calculation shaws the extent tae that scannin-tunnelin-microscope eemages o an individual atom are veesible. It confirms that for law bias, the microscope eemages the space-averaged dimensions o the electron orbitals athort closely packed energy levels—the Fermi level local density o states.
Valle del Rosario
Valle del Rosario is a toun an seat o the municipality o Rosales, in the northren Mexican state o Chihuahua.
Neymar
Neymar da Silva Santos Júnior (born 5 Februar 1992), commonly kent as Neymar, is a Brazilian footballer who plays for club Paris Saint-Geramain an the Brazilian naitional team as a forrit or winger.
Early life
Neymar da Silva Santos Júnior wis born in Mogi das Cruzes, São Paulo, tae Neymar da Silva, Sr. an Nadine Santos. He inheritit his name frae his faither, who is a umwhile fitbawer an became his son's advisor as Neymar's talents began tae grow. Neymar comments on his faither's role "Ma faither haes been bi ma side since A wis little. He taks care o things, ma finances an ma faimily." Growin up, Neymar combined his luve o futsal wi street fitbaw.
Personal life
Neymar helpit the Michel Telo sang Ai Se Eu Te Pego gain prominence when he dancit tae the sang in the cab o Santos. The twa are friends an Neymar coud next Teló ever dance on stage for this sang.
Neymar is in a personal relationship with romanian singer and sports reporter Xandra since 2019. The two stars keep the relationship far from the eyes of the press.
Naitional team
Brazil
Belgorod
Belgorod (Белгород) is a ceety an the admeenistrative centre o Belgorod Oblast, Roushie, locatit on the Seversky Donets River juist 40 km north o the Ukrainian border. Population:
History
The name Belgorod in Roushie literally means "a white ceety", name bein a compoond o "белый" (bely, "white, licht") an "город" (gorod, "toun, ceety"). The ceety wis thus namit efter the region bein rich in limestane. Etymologically, it corresponds tae ither Slavic ceety names o identical meanin: Belgrade, Białogard, Biograd, Bilhorod, Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi etc.
The dounset wis first mentioned in 1237, when it wis ravagit bi the hordes o Batu Khan. It is unclear whether this Belgorod wis locatit at the same place whaur the current ceety is. In 1596, it wis re-foondit bi the order o Feodor Ioannovich as ane o numerous forts set up tae defend Soothren borders frae the Crimean Tatars.
Efter the Roushie border wis muivit further sooth, the fortress fell in disrepair an the toun wis assigned tae Kursk Govrenorate. Peter the Great visitit it on the eve o the Battle o Poltava, an a dragoon regiment wis stationed in the toun till 1917.
It wis occupeed bi Nazi Germany on 25 October 1941. On 12 Julie 1943, durin the Battle o Kursk, the lairgest tank battle in warld history teuk place near Prokhorovka, an the ceety wis consequently leeberatit on 5 August 1943. The Belgorod Diorama is ane o the Warld War II monuments commemoratin the event.
Belgorod Drama Theater is namit efter ane o the famous 19t-century actors Mikhail Shchepkin who wis born in this region.
Admeenistrative an municipal status
Belgorod is the admeenistrative centre o the oblast. Athin the framewirk o admeenistrative diveesions, it is incorporatit as the ceety o oblast significance o Belgorod—an admeenistrative unit wi the status equal tae that o the destricts. As a municipal diveesion, the ceety o oblast significance o Belgorod is incorporatit as Belgorod Urban Okrug.
Climate
Belgorod's climate is humid continental (Köppen climate classification Dfb) featurin cauld winters, wairm simmers an moderate precipitation.
Twin touns an sister ceeties
Belgorod is twinned wi:
Coat o airms o Argentinae
The Coat o Airms o Argentinae (Escudo de la República Argentina) wis established in its current form in 1944, but haes its oreegins in the seal o the Sovereign General Assembly o 1813, tho thare is no kent decree or ony ither teep o order or authorisation orderin its specific uise. It is supposed, housomeivver, that this seembol wis chosen quickly acause o the existence o a decree signed on Februar 22, sealed wi that seal. The first mention o it in a public document dates tae Mairch 12 o that same year, in which it is statit that this seal haed tae be uised bi the executive pouer, that is, the seicont triumvirate. On Aprile 13 the Naitional Assembly coined the new siller an gowd coins, each wi the seal o the Assembly on the reverse, in that way what stairtit as a seal became a naitional coat o airms. On Aprile 27 the Coat o Airms became a Naitional Emblem. The decree states an aa that the Coat o Airms shoud no be uised in banners, tho Belgrano ordered tae paint the Coat o Airms ower the banner he gae tae the ceety o Jujuy. Mairower, durin the Argentine War o Unthirldom, maist banners haed the Coat o Airms.
Breitish North Americae Acts
The Breitish North Americae Acts o 1867, also known as the BNA, is a major part o Canadae's Consteetution. The Acts cried a federal dominion an defines much o the operation o the Govrenment o Canadae, including the Canadian federal structuir, the House o Commons, the Senate, the justice seestem, an the taxation seestem.
Louis François, Duke o Anjou
Louis François o Fraunce, "Son o Fraunce", Duke o Anjou 14 Juin 1672 - 4 November 1672) wis a son o Keeng Louis XIV o Fraunce an Maria Theresa o Austrick. He wis gien the teetle o Duke o Anjou at birth. Dying in infancy he wis buried at the Ryal Basilica o Saint Denis ootside Paris. His teetle revertit tae the croun.
Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug
Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug (Ха́нты-Манси́йский автоно́мный о́круг — Югра́, Khanty-Mansiysky avtonomny okrug – Yugra), kent as Yugra an aw, is a federal subject o Roushie (an autonomous okrug o Tyumen Oblast). Population: 1,532,243 (2010 Census).
The people native tae the region are the Khanty an the Mansi, kent collectively as Ob Ugric fowk. The local leids, Khanty leid an Mansi leid, which are relatit tae Hungarian, enjoy special status in the autonomous okrug, while Roushie remains the anerlie offeecial leid.
The majority o the ile producit in Roushie comes frae Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug, givin the region great economic importance.
Geography
Principal rivers are the Ob an its tributary the Irtysh.
Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug is traversed bi the northeasterly line o equal latitude an langitude.
Demographics
Population:
Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug haes an aurie o 523,100 km², but the aurie is spairsely populatit. The admeenistrative centre is Khanty-Mansiysk, but the lairgest ceeties are Surgut, Nizhnevartovsk, an Nefteyugansk.
Ethnic groups
Historical population figures are shawn belaw:
Releegion
A majority o the population is Orthodox Christian, while a significant minority (aboot 17%) o the population follaes Islam.
Transport
In the Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra, primary transport o guids accoontit for watter an railwey transport, 29% is transportit bi road, an 2% aviation. The tot lenth o railwey tracks 1106 km. The lenth o roads, mair nor 18000.
Hungarian conquest o the Carpathian Basin
The Hungarian Conquest o the Carpathian Basin wis caused by a influx o climate change in the Ural Moontains whilk most lik caused a mass migration o people out o the Ural Moontains. Once they reached the Carpathian Moontains, they invaded the kingdom o Great Moravia an the First Bulgarie Empire out o the areas in the Carpathian Basin.
Wikiquote
Wikiquote is a sister project o Wikipaedia, uisin the same MediaWiki saftware. It is ane o a faimly o wiki-based projecks rin bi the Wikimedia Foondation. Based on a consait bi Daniel Alston an implemented bi Brion Vibber, the aim o the projeck is for fowk ti produce thegither a muckle reference o quotations frae prominent fowk, beuks an saws, an ti gie details anent them.
Ti stairt wi, the projeck wis aa in English, but fae Julie 2004, mair leids war eikit.
Multilingual cooperation
In Julie 2004, aroon 70 subdomains wis set up, but maist o them hinna onie contreibutors. Them ablo are pairts o subdomains that haed been created in Julie 2004: aa o them wis attracted by editors' interest at the time an suin becam active.
The nummer o active Wikiquote projecks is growing. On January 2005 26 projects for different leids wis active. Here 'active' means the projeck haes mair not the ae legeitimate airticle an ae edit a month. Aifter a sixmonth, 34 projecks are kent ti be active.
As o the 13 August, 2005, fower projecks hae mair nor 1,000 airticles. The mucklest Wikiquote is the English projeck wi ower 25,000 airticles as o the 4 December, 2015. Neist come the German, French, Polish an Bulgarian projecks. Aboot ten projecks, coontin thae fower, hae mair nor 100 airticles.
Karl Anselm, 4t Prince o Thurn an Taxis
Karl Anselm, 4t Prince o Thurn an Taxis full German name: Karl Anselm Fürst von Thurn und Taxis (2 Juin 1733 – 13 November 1805) wis the Prince o Thurn an Taxis, Postmaster General o the Imperial Reichspost, an Heid o the Princely Hoose o Thurn an Taxis frae 17 Mairch 1773 until his daith on 13 November 1805. Karl Anselm served as Prinzipalkommissar at the Perpetual Imperial Diet in Regensburg for Joseph II, Haly Roman Emperor an Francis II, Haly Roman Emperor frae 1773 tae 1797.
Naistevalla
Naistevalla is a veelage in Märjamaa Pairish, Rapla Coonty in wastren Estonie.
Karl Anselm, 4t Prince o Thurn an Taxis
Mairiage
Karl Anselm mairit Duchess Auguste o Württemberg, youngest bairn o Karl Alexander, Duke o Württemberg an his wife Princess Marie Auguste o Thurn an Taxis, on 3 September 1753 in Stuttgart in the Duchy o Württemberg. Karl Anselm an Auguste haed issue.
Central Region, Nepal
Central Region is ane o Nepal's five development regions. It is locatit in the east-central pairt o the kintra wi heidquarters at Kathmandu, the kintra's caipital.
It comprises three zones:
César Chávez
Cesar Chavez (born César Estrada Chávez, ; Mairch 31, 1927 – Aprile 23, 1993) wis an American farmworker, labor leader an civil rights activist. Chávez startit the National Farm Workers Association (NFWA) along wi Dolores Huerta. He wantit equal rights for Mexicans workin in the Unitit States. This union became the Unitit Farm Workers. He led a boycott against grape companies to gain rights for workers. Chávez usit nonviolence to make these changes. Chavez is thocht o as ane o the leaders in the movement for Chicanos tae gain mair richts in the late-20th century.
Eschweiler
Eschweiler is a ceety in the district o Cologne in the land o North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany. As o 2007 it haes 56,000 indwallers, an lies upo an area o 77 km².
San Carlos Minas
San Carlos Minas is a toun in Córdoba Province in Argentinae, it is the heid toun o the Minas Depairtment.
Nishapur Coonty
The coonty includes the follaein sax ceeties: Chekneh, Kharv, Darrud, Eshqabad, Qadamgah, an Nishapur.
BBC America
BBC America is the BBC Warldwide awned-an-operatit cable televeesion netwark in the Unitit States. It wis lencht on Mairch 29t, 1998.
Frae the affset, BBC America haes the chice heilichts frae the UK telly netwarks, includin comedy, drama, an lifestyle programmin. Ower an abuin this thare's at least fower hauf-oor BBC World news bulletins includit in ilka 24 oor period. The day, the creetically-acclaimed hielichts o the BBC netwarks airs in primetime slots, while the daytime is gien tae ranes o hame-betterment shaws sic as Changing Rooms.
BBC America is distribute in troke wi Discovery Networks, the faither company o the Discovery Channel, that haundles the affiliate an adverteesin sales an aw. The chainel, unalike the BBC's hamelt netwarks that's paid for throu telly leeshence fees, is fendit alanerly throu adverteesin. Houaniver, the comedy programs rins in ance-eerant-formattit stocks that allous thaim tae rin uneditit (this haes begoud tae chynge).
Aforehaund, BBC America simulcast news bulletins frae BBC Warld wi U.S. adverteesin insertit. Thay nou rin adverteesin-free. Oot throu major breakin news situations, the netwark will whiles tak BBC World's cuiver an pre-empt raiglar programmin. The Lunnon Bombins in Julie 2005 wis ane example o siclike.
BBC America caused some dismay tae some viewers whan it rappit the saip opera EastEnders in October 2003, but it agrufee'd that the shaw wis ane o the chainel's least likit, awthou EastEnders, alang wi ither BBC programmin kythes on PBS chainels. It nou airs rerins o The Office, Keeping Up Appearances, Coupling, Monty Python's Flying Circus, My Hero an Blackadder an aw. It whiles coffs the US braidcast richts tae nane-BBC Breetish programmes, sic as Father Ted, The Avengers, an The Saint. The Canadian comedy Trailer Park Boys airs on BBC America an aw.
Fremmit Airtins
BBC America's offeecial Wabsteid
Auld Warld pug
The Auld Warld pugs or Cercopithecidae are a faimily o primates, the anerly faimily in the superfamily Cercopithecoidea in the clade (or parvorder) o Catarrhini.
BBC America
Fremmit Airtins
BBC America IDs at TV Ark
Auld Warld pug
The Auld Warld pugs are native tae Africae an Asie the day, inhabitin a range o environs frae tropical rain forest tae savanna, shrubland an muntainous terrain, an are kent frae Europe in the fossil record an aw. Housomeivver, a (possibly introducit) free-roamin group o pugs still survives in Gibraltar (Europe) tae this day. Auld Warld pugs include mony o the maist familiar species o nan-human primates, such as baboons an macaques.
Santa María Cortijo
Santa María Cortijo is a toun an municipality in Oaxaca in sooth-wastren Mexico. The municipality covers a aurie o 88 km². It is locatit in the Jamiltepec Destrict in the wast o the Costa Region.
As o 2005, the municipality haed a total population o 983.
Sabzevar Coonty
Sabzevar Coonty is a coonty in Razavi Khorasan Province in Iran. The caipital o the coonty is Sabzevar. At the 2006 census, the coonty's population (includin portions o the coonty later split frae it tae form Joghatai Coonty, Jowayin Coonty, an Khoshab Coonty) wis 429,187, in 116,891 faimilies; excludin those portions, the population wis 296,034 in 82,431 faimilies. The coonty haes fower destricts: Central Destrict, Davarzan Destrict, Rud Ab Destrict, an Sheshtomad Destrict. The coonty haes fower ceeties: Sabzevar, Davarzan, Rud Ab, an Sheshtomad
Ghat, Libie
Ghat (غات Ġāt) is ceety an the caipital o the Ghat Destrict in remote sooth-wastren Libie.
History
In historical times, Ghat wis a major terminal point on the Trans-Saharan trade route an a major admeenistrative center in the Fezzan. It wis a stranghold for the Kel Ajjer Tuareg federation whose territory covered maist o sooth-wastren Libie - includin Ubari, Sebha an Ghadames - plus sooth-eastren Algerie (Djanet an Alezi).
Frae the 5t century BCE tae the 5t century o the modren era, the Fezzan wis hame tae the Garamantian Empire, a ceety state which operatit the Trans-Saharan trade routes atween the Carthaginians -- an later the Roman Empire -- an the Sahelian states o wast an central Africae. Durin the 13t an 14t century, portions o the Fezzan wur pairt o the Kanem Empire, while the Ottoman rulers o North Africae assertit their control ower the region in the 17t century.
Beginnin in 1911, Ghat an the Fezzan wis occupee'd bi Italy. Housomeivver, Italy's control o the region wis precarious till at least 1923, wi the rise o the Italian Fascist regime. The Italians wur resisted in their early attempts at conquest bi Berber an Arab adherents tae the militant Sanusiya Sufi releegious order. Italian control o Ghat wis especially precarious for a lang time, due tae the strang active presence o the britherhuid o the Senussi. Tae defend their positions, Italians built a fortress that dominates the ceety frae the hill o Koukemen. This fort is still staundin as a tourist destination o the ceety. Durin the Seicont Warld War, Ghat wis occupied bi Fraunce frae 1943 till 1 Januar 1952, when the Unitit Naitions General Assembly passed a resolution statin that Libie shoud become independent. Fezzan Province wis then absorbed athin the borders o the Kinrick o Libie.
Tourism
Ghat is an important tourist destination due tae the existence o prehistoric rock paintins an engravins in the neighborin Tadrart Acacus an Tassili N'Ajjer muntains, in addition tae the beauty o the surroondin desert landscapes. A major tourist attraction in the toun itsel is the Fortress o Ghat, Koukemen.
Ghat Airport is the local airport in Ghat. It is served bi Ghadames Air Transport tae Sebha.
Pak Kret Destrict
Pak Kret (ปากเกร็ด) is a destrict (amphoe) in the northeastren pairt o Nonthaburi Province, central Thailand.
Geografie
The destrict is locatit in the northeast o the province. It borders (frae north clockwise) the districts Lat Lum Kaeo an Mueang Pathum Thani o Pathum Thani Province, Don Mueang an Lak Si o Bangkok, an Mueang Nonthaburi an Bang Bua Thong o Nonthaburi.
The destrict is crossed bi the Chao Phraya River. A lairge oxbow o the river haes been shortened bi a canal, Khlong Lat Kret, dug in 1722 in the Ayuthaya Era, tae form the island o Ko Kret.
Mueang Thong Thani
Mueang Thong Thani is a satellite ceety wi heich-rise condominiums developed bi Bangkok Land in 1989, the company built Mueang Thong Thani Stadium in 1998 for the 13t Asian Games. The stadium wis later renamed IMPACT Exhibition Center. It includes a 12,000 entertainment an sports arena, which is the primary lairge-scale concert venue for Bangkok, as well as a convention center for trade shows.
Eddication
A pairtial leet o primary an seicontar schuils in Pak Kret:
Transportation
There are 10 main roads in Pak Kret,
Admeenistration
5 o the tambon coverin 34 veelages belang tae the ceety (thesaban nakhon) o Pak Kret. The ither 7 tambon are each admeenistrated bi a Tambon Admeenistrative Organization (TAO).
Sentmenat
Sentmenat is a municipality in the comarca o the Vallès Occidental in Catalonie.