cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Triumph TR6
Aw TR6 sports caurs featured inline sax-cylinder ingines. For the US market the ingine wis carburetted, as haed been the US-ae TR250 model's ingine. For ither warld markets, includin the Unitit Kinrick, the TR6 wis fuel-injectit, therefore TR6PI (petrol injection), as haed been the non-US market TR5. The Lucas mechanical fuel injection system helped the home-market TR6 produce 150 bhp (112 kW) at model introduction. Later the non-US TR6 variant wis detuned tae 125 bhp (93 kW) in order for it tae be easier tae drive, while the US-variant continued tae be carburetted wi a mere (but mair reliable) 104 hp (78 kW).
Velike Poljane, Ribnica
Velike Poljane (Großpölland ) is a veelage in the Municipality o Ribnica in soothren Slovenie. It lees in the hills east o the main road an railwey line frae Ljubljana tae Ribnica at Ortnek. The aurie is pairt o the tradeetional region o Lawer Carniola an is nou includit in the Sootheast Slovenie Statistical Region.
The local pairish kirk is dedicatit tae Saunt Joseph an belangs tae the Roman Catholic Airchdiocese o Ljubljana. It wis built in 1900. A seicont kirk, built next tae the cemetery 1 km sooth o the dounset, is dedicatit tae Saunt Thomas an dates tae the 16t hunderyear wi 17t-hunderyear alterations.
Santa Rita do Itueto
Santa Rita do Itueto is a toun an municipality in the state o Minas Gerais in the Sootheast region o Brazil.
Pazardzhik Province
Pazardzhik Province (Област Пазарджик Oblast Pazardzhik, former name Pazardzhik okrug) is a province in soothren Bulgarie, namit efter its admeenistrative an industrial centre - the ceety o Pazardzhik. It embraces a territory o 4,456.9 km² that is dividit intae 11 municipalities wi a total population o 290,614 inhabitants, as o December 2009.
Haan
Haan is a toun in the Bergian destrict o Mettmann, in North Rhine-Westphalie, Germany.
Internautional relations
Haan is twinned wi:
The local Gymnasium is twinned wi Liceo Scientifico o 🇮🇹 Forte dei Marmi, Italy an aw.
Padovo
Padovo mey refer tae twa places in Slovenie:
Blagoevgrad Province
Blagoevgrad Province (област Благоевград, oblast Blagoevgrad or Благоевградска област, Blagoevgradska oblast), kent as Pirin Macedonie an aw   (Пиринска Македония, Pirinska Makedoniya), is a province (oblast) o soothwastren Bulgarie. It borders fower ither Bulgarie provinces tae the north an east, tae the Greek region o Macedonie tae the sooth, an the North Macedonie tae the wast. The province haes 14 municipalities wi 12 touns. Its principal ceety is Blagoevgrad, while ither significant touns include Bansko, Gotse Delchev, Melnik, Petrich, Razlog, Sandanski an Simitli.
Westfield XTR2
The Westfield XTR2 is an ultralichtweight, twa-seater sports caur manufactured bi Westfield Sportscars Limited, o Wast Midlands, UK. It features a lichtweight steel tubular spaceframe chassis, an the 170 hp, 1299 cc Suzuki Hayabusa 4 cylinder ingine, matit tae a 6-speed sequential gearbox. Performance upgrades ar available. Houever, it lacks a windshield, side doors, ruif, an is virtually devoid o interior luxury. As a result o this simplicity, the caur anerlie wechts atween 410-440 kilograms, dependin on configuration. Bi achievin an extremely hie pouer tae wecht ratio, it haes been intendit primarily as a caur tae be uised on the race track. Houever, it is still legal for road uise ( at least in the UK). The Westfield XTR2 is a member o the Bike Engined Car or BEC cless o vehicle that ar becomin very popular at Track Days.
The XTR2 made a notable appearance on the revamped version o BBC's Top Gear, whaur it outperformed a Pagani Zonda in a timed lap o a test track. The Zonda wis the current track time champion. Awtho the record haes syne been surpassed bi several expensive sports caurs, it wis a foreshadowin o a future record lap time bi the Ariel Atom, anither minimalist sports caur tae which the XTR2 haes aften been compared.
The XTR2, still sauld bi Westfield, haes been supplementit bi the Westfield XTR4, which affers a mair pouerful ingine, an numerous aesthetic an structural refinements.
Entre Ríos Province
Entre Ríos (, Atween Rivers) is a central province o Argentinae, locatit in the Mesopotamie region. It borders the provinces o Buenos Aires (sooth), Corrientes (north) an Santa Fe (wast), an Uruguay in the east.
Its caipital is Paraná (250,000 indwallers), which lees on the Paraná River, opposite the ceety o Santa Fe.
Thegither wi Córdoba an Santa Fe, syne 1999, the province is pairt o the economic-poleetical association kent as the Center Region.
History
The first indwallers o the aurie that is nou Entre Ríos wur the Guaraní, Charrúa an Chaná, who each occupeed separate pairts o the region. Spaniards entered in 1520, whan Rodríguez Serrano ventured up the Uruguay River searchin for the Paceefic Ocean.
The first permanent Spaingie dounset wis erected in the current La Paz Department at the end o the 16t century. As governor of Asunción first an then of Buenos Aires, Hernandarias conducted expeditions tae Entre Ríos unexplored lands. Juan de Garay, efter founding Santa Fe, explored this aurie, which he cried la otra banda ("the other bank").
Housomeivver, the region remained entirely indigenous an uninhabitit bi Europeans till a group o colonists frae neebourin Santa Fe Province settled on the Bajada del Paraná in the late seiventeent century, nou the steid o the provincial caipital. At the same time touns appear, which we nou ken as Nogoyá, Victoria, Gualeguay, Gualeguaychú, Concepción del Uruguay an Concordia.
Tomás de Rocamora further splorit the aurie in 1783 unner the threat o a Portuguese invasion frae Brazil, an gae offeecial status tae mony o the abuin mentioned touns. He wis the first tae refer tae the region as Entre Ríos an aw. At this stage, European dounset wis minimal, tho durin the Mey Revolution, the few colonists in the ceeties alang the Paraná shore supportit Manuel Belgrano an his airmy on his wey tae Paraguay.
On 29 September 1820, the leader (caudillo) Francisco Ramírez declared the territory an autonomous entity, the Republic o Entre Ríos. This lasted till his assassination on Julie 10 o the next year.
In 1853, in a meetin o aw the provinces except Buenos Aires, Paraná wis elected as the caipital o the Argentine Confederation, an the leader (caudillo) Urquiza as its first preses. The provincial caipital wis muivit tae Concepción del Uruguay. Defeatit, Urquiza wis electit govrenor o the province a few years later, while Domingo Faustino Sarmiento became preses, but he wis assassinatit afore feenishin his mandate.
Urquiza encouragit immigration throu "colonization contracts", setting up mony agricultural colonies wi European (mainly Volga Germans, Roushies (includin Roushie Jews an Poles), Italians, Swiss an French) settlers. Accordin tae data o the 1903 census, o the 425,373 indwallers o the province, 153,067 wur immigrants.
Economy
Entre Rios' economy is the saxt lairgest in Argentinae. Its ootput in 2006 wis estimatit at US$7.8 billion (which shall be aroond US$12 billion in 2011, accordin tae Argentinae's economical growin), or, US$6,710 per caipita in 2006 (aboot a fowert less nor the naitional average), awtho it shall be aroond US$9,600 in 2011.
Its economy haes lang been mair agricultural than the median in Argentinae, comprisin aboot 15% o ootput. Entre Rios' agricultural products include rice (60% o the naitional production), soybeans, wheat, maize, an citrus o which it is the seicont biggest producer, an exportin 16% o the production mainly tae Europe. Livestock production focuses on cattle (4.5 million heid), an in sheep production in a decreasin proportion, coverin 60,000 km². The dairy industrie, currently in expansion, produces amaist 250 thoosan tons per year o dairy products.
O the naitional production o chickens an eggs, Entre Ríos contributes 37% o the first an 25% percent o the seicont. Anither emergin production is honey an its derivatives, mainly for export.
Manufacturin haes a sizable presence in Entre Rios, makkin up anither 15% o ootput. Its industries are maistly linkit tae agricultur, as in fuid an drinks industry an flouer an rice mills. Ither industries include timmer-firth, chemical, metallurgie, an machinery.
Geografie an climate
As pairt o the Mesopotamic region, the laund is amaist completely flat, wi hills some 100 metres in hicht. Thare are twa main seestems o law hills, cried lomadas or cuchillas: the Cuchilla de Montiel (wast) an the Cuchilla Grande (east), which are separatit bi the Gualeguay River. The name o the province means "atween rivers". Entre Ríos is limitit an traversed bi mony rivers an streams: the Paraná River an its delta tae the wast an sooth; the Uruguay River an the Mocoretá River tae the east; an the Guayquiraró River tae the north.
The wather variates frae subtropical in the north tae temperate towards the Pampas. The annual rainfaw is aboot 1150 mm in average, an occasional pampero an ither local winds bring storms tae the aurie.
Poleetical diveesion
(departamentos singular departamento).
The province is dividit in 17 depairtments Depairtment (Caipital)
Hilden
Hilden is a ceety in the German state o North Rhine-Westphalie. It is situatit in the Destrict o Mettmann, 10 km wast o Solingen an 15 km east o Düsseldorf on the richt side o the Rhine. It is a middle sized industrial toun wi a forest an numerous attractions.
Banner o Uruguay
The naitional banner o Uruguay (Pabellón Nacional) haes a field o nine equal horizontal stripes alternatin white an blue. The canton is white, chairged wi the Sun o Mey, frae which 16 rays exteit, alternatin atween triangular an wavy. The banner wis first adoptit bi law on December 16, 1828 an haed 17 stripes till Julie 11, 1830, when a new law reduced the nummer o stripes tae nine. The banner wis designed bi Joaquín Suárez.
Hilden
The Mayor is Birgit Alkenings, who teuk office in 2014. She wis a candidate o the Social Democratic Pairty o Germany (SPD).
Banner o Uruguay
Naitional banners
Unuisual amang naitions, Uruguay haes three offeecial "Naitional Banners" (Banderas Patrias): the Pabellón, as describit abuin, the banner o Artigas, an the Banner o the Treinta y Tres (Decree 18, Februar 1952). While the Pabellón Nacional is the main naitional banner, the ither twa banners are an aa offeecially recognised for historical reasons, an aw three are flewn thegither on govrenment biggins.
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan), offeecially the Republic o Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Respublikası) is the lairgest kintra in the Sooth Caucasus region o Eurasie. Locatit at the crossroads o Eastren Europe an Wastren Asie, it is boondit bi the Caspian Sea tae the east, Roushie tae the north, Georgie tae the northwast, Armenie tae the wast, an Iran tae the sooth.
The exclave o Nakhchivan is boondit bi Armenie tae the north an east, Iran tae the sooth an wast, while haein a short borderline wi Turkey tae the northwast. The enclaves o Karki, Yuxarı Əskipara, Barxudarlı an Sofulu are surroondit bi Armenie an hae been controlled bi it syne the Nagorno-Karabakh War. The majority-Armenian populatit Nagorno-Karabakh region in the southwest o Azerbaijan declared itself independent frae Azerbaijan in 1991, but it is no diplomatically recognised bi ony naition an is still considered a de jure pairt o Azerbaijan, bein occupied bi Armenian forces.
Etymology o the name
The name o Azerbaijan derives frae Atropates, a Persian   satrap unner the Achaemenid Empire, that wis later reinstatit as the satrap o Media unner Alexander the Great. The oreeginal etymology o this name is thocht tae hae its roots in the auncient Iranian releegion o Zoroastrianism. In the Avesta, Frawardin Yasht ("Hymn tae the Guardian Angels"), thare is a mention o âterepâtahe ashaonô fravashîm ýazamaide, which literally translates frae Avestan as "we worship the Fravashi o the holy Atare-pata".
Atropates ruled ower the region o Atropatene (present-day Iranian Azerbaijan). The name "Atropates" itself is the Greek transliteration o an Auld-Iranian, probably Median, compoondit name wi the meanin "Protectit bi the (Holy) Fire". The Greek name is mentioned bi Diodorus Siculus an Strabo, an it is continued as ādurbādagān in the Middle Persian geographical text Shahrestānihā i Erānshahr. The wird is translatable as baith "the treasury" an "the treasurer" o fire in Modren Persian.
Jonathan Winters
Jonathan Harshman Winters III (11 November 1925 – 11 Aprile 2013) wis an actor frae Americae. He wis kent for wis role in Mindy and Mork.
Epirus (region)
Epirus (Ήπειρος, Ípeiros), formally the Epirus Region (Περιφέρεια Ηπείρου, Periféria Ipeírou), is a geographical an admeenistrative region in northwastren Greece. It borders the regions o Wast Macedonie an Thessaly tae the east, Wast Greece tae the sooth, the Ionian Sea an the Ionian Islands tae the wast an the kintra o Albanie tae the north. The region haes an aurie o aboot 9200 km2. It is pairt o the wider historical region o Epirus, which owerlaps modren Albanie an Greece but maustly lees in modren Greek territory.
Govrenment
Epirus is dividit intae fower regional units (umwhile prefecturs, nomoi), which are further subdividit intae municipalities (dimoi). The regional units are: Thesprotia, Ioannina, Arta an Preveza.
Frae Januar 2011, accordin tae the reform introducit bi the Kallikratis Programme (Act 3852/2010) the prefecturs wur abolished an replacit bi regional units. The umwhile municipalities an communities wur re-structured tae form anerlie 18 new municipalities.
Bir el Ashhab
Bi'r al Ashhab is a sma veelage locatit at Cyrenaica in eastren Libya. It is locatit aboot 69 kilometres sooth-east o the caipital o Al Butnan Destrict - Tobruk.
Triumph TR1
Ae ane example o this caur wis ever made bi Triumph. The Triumph TR1 prototype wis unveiled in October 1952 at the Lunnon Motor Show. The TR1 name wis never offeecially uised.
The caur wis built uisin existin components wi an ingine frae a Standard Vanguard, suspension fr the Triumph Mayflower an a chassis frae the pre war Standard Flying Nine. Problems arose when the caur came tae be driven as it wis a poor handler, haed a top speed o barely 80 mph an wis an overall disappointment tae its early viewers, ane o whom, Ken Richardson o BRM, described it as a 'daith-trap.'
The caur, which never went intae production, wis wi'drawn, an the designs taken back tae the drawin board, an a year later the new improved Triumph TR2 wis unveiled.
It is unkent whether the original prototype exists today.
Anastasia Myskina
Anastasiya Andreyevna Myskina (Анастасия Мыскина ; born 8 Julie 1981, Moscow, Roushie) is a profeesional tennis player frae Roushie. She wan the 2004 French Open singles title, becomin the first Roushie female tennis player tae win a Grand Slam main draw singles title.
Urduliz
Urduliz (Urdúliz) is a municipality o Biscay, in the Basque Kintra, an autonomous commonty in northren Spain.
Anastasia Myskina
Personal life
In October 2002, Myskina haed a series o photos taen for GQ magazine bi the photographer Mark Seliger for a spread in the October 2002 edition o GQ, in which ane appruivit photo o her fully clothed wis published. Efter she wan the French Open in 2004, some photographs frae the shuit, in which she appeared topless, wur published in the Julie/August 2004 issue o the Roushie magazine Medved (Bear). In August 2004, she filed an $8 million USD lawsuit against the men's magazine GQ for allouin her topless photographs tae appear in a Roushie magazine Medved athoot her consent. On 19 Juin 2005, U.S. Destrict Judge Michael Mukasey, later Unitit States Attorney General, ruled that Anastasia Myskina coud no stop the distribution o the topless photos, acause she haed signed a release. Myskina haed claimit that she did no unnerstaund the photo release form an that she wis no fluent in Inglis at the time.
Urduliz
It is connectit tae the rest o the Greater Bilbao conurbation bi the subway an bus services. The municipality shows a mixtur o industrial an landwart qualities, bein dividit in three separate veelages or neebourheids.
Anastasia Myskina
Personal life
Myskina annooncit that she wis pregnant wi her first bairn, due in May 2008. She haes previously datit Roushie hockey player Konstantin Korneyev, but refuses tae state the name o the faither. On April 28, 2008 Myskina gave birth tae her first bairn, a boy namit Zhenya (Yevgenyi). In August 2010 she gave birth tae a seicont son namit Georgiy. On 3 November 2011 it wis reportit that she is pregnant wi a third bairn, that juist like the first 2, will be a son. On 1 Mairch 2012 she gave birth tae a third bairn, namit Pavel.
Kerman Province
Kerman Province (, Ostān-e Kermān ) is ane o the 31 provinces o Iran. Kerman is locatit in the sooth-east o Iran wi its admeenistrative center in the ceety o Kerman. Mentioned in auncient times as the Achamenid satrapy o Carmania, it is the seicont lairgest province o Iran wi an area o 180,726 km². . The population o the province is aboot 2.65 million. The main tounships o Kerman province are: Baft, Bardsir, Bam, Jiroft, Rafsanjan, Zarand, Sirjan, Shahr-e-Babak, Kerman, Mahan, Rayen, Kahnuj, Ghale-Ganj, Manujan, Roodbar-e-Jonob, Anbar Abad, an Ravar.
In the year 1996, 52.9% o Kerman's population lived in urban areas, an 46% in the rural vicinities, the remainin 1.1% accoontit as non residents. The ceety o Kerman (population: 400,000) embraces aboot 80% o the urban population, being the maist developed an lairgest ceety o the province.
Vitória, Espírito Santo
Vitória (, Victory) is the caipital o the state o Espírito Santo, Brazil. It is locatit on a sma island athin a bay whaur a few rivers meet the sea. It wis foondit in 1551. The ceety proper (aurie 93 km2 or 35.9 sq mi) haes a population o 313,300 (2005) whilst the Greater Vitória metropolitan aurie haes a population o mair nor 1,612,885 (2005), the 14t lairgest in Brazil. In 1998, the Unitit Naitions ratit Vitória as the fowert best state caipital in Brazil tae live in, ratin ceeties on health, education, an social impruivement projects.
Eurico de Aguiar Salles Airport connects Vitória wi mony Brazilian ceeties.
The ceety is hame tae the Federal Varsity o Espírito Santo (UFES).
Bosnie mafia
The Bosnie mafia (or Bosnie organisit creeme) is the body o illegal gangs an creeminal organisations operatin in Bosnie an Herzegovinae an athin the Bosnie diaspora. Bosnie organisit creeme figurs operate maistly in Europe, as well as in Canada, the Unitit States an (Allerton, in Bradford, Unitit Kinrick.) Bosnian organised-crime groups are involved in a wide range of activities, includin drog trokin, gamblin, cigarette smugglin, human trokin, prostitution, illicit antiquities trokin, extortion (aften unner the cover o ostensible security an insurance companies) an the airms trade. Smugglin revenues are atween €150 million an €300 million, equivalent tae Bosnie an Herzegovinae's annual state budget.
Organised-crime groups an activities
The Bosnian Mafia can be broadly divided into four categories – the Bosniak Mafia, the Bosnie Serb Mafia, the Bosnie Croat Mafia an mony local organisit-creeme groups. The Bosnie Mafia groups are involvit in a wide range o activities; ane o their mair notorious activities occurred in 2003 when they smuggled an sauld 250,000 Zastava M70 Yugoslav-made AK-47s tae Iraq.
Judicial prosecution an the struggle against creeminal netwirks
The federalist govrenment o Bosnie an Herzegovinae maks fechtin organisit creeme groups extremely difficult. Bosnie an Herzegovinae consists o twa lairgely unthirldt entities, the Federation o Bosnie an Herzegovinae an Republika Srpska – baith o which hae their awn caipital, parliament, preses an polis force. Due tae the poor cooperation atween law-enforcement agencies in the twa regions, creeminals can aften evade prosecution simply bi muivin frae ane tae the ither. Mafia groups frae neebourin kintras (pairticularly Serbie an Croatie) aften base their operations in Sarajevo, due tae its proximity tae Bosnie an Herzegovinae.
Housomeivver, thare hae been some efforts tae increase collaboration atween the twa regions. In 2006 the European Union established the State Investigation an Protection Agency. SIPA is a Bosnie federal polis agency with authority in both regions, an is unner the direct admeenistration of the Ministry of Security of Bosnia an Herzegovinae (BIH MIS).
Leet o ceeties in Iran
This is a leet o places in Iran. See an aa: Provinces o Iran.
Temoac
Temoac is a toun in the Mexican state o Morelos. It staunds at 18.83972°N, -90.17556°W.
The toun serves as the municipal seat for the surroondin municipality, wi which it shares a name. The biggin whaur the municipal govrenment is servit as a elementar schuil Temoac the fowk in the nineteent hunderyear an early twintiet hunderyear. The municipality reportit 12,065 inhabitants in the year 2000 census.
Dairago
Dairago is a comune (municipality) in the Province o Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, locatit aboot 25 km northwast o Milan. As o 31 December 2004, it haed a population of 4,813 an an aurie o 5.6 km².
Dairago borders the follaein municipalities: Busto Arsizio, Legnano, Magnago, Villa Cortese, Buscate, Busto Garolfo, Arconate.
Morris Major
The Morris Major an Austin Lancer ar passenger caur models produced bi the British Motor Corporation o Australie (BMC) atween 1958 an 1964. The Morris Major name haed been uised afore bi Morris Motors in Ingland, first appearin atween 1931 an 1933.
Backgrund
The Major an Lancer evolved tho three series (I, II an Elite,) wi the first incarnations bein badge engineered clones o the contemporary Wolseley 1500 an Riley One-Point-Five models then on sale in the Unitit Kinrick. The Austin Lancer wis phased-oot o production bi Aprile 1962. Thir models wur wholly produced at BMC's Zetland plant in Sydney, Australie an wur unique tae that kintra, haein aroond 98% local content. Mony examples wur an aa exportit tae New Zealand.
The Morris Major/Austin Lancer/Wolseley 1500/Riley One-Point-Five aw shared the same core design which haed oreeginally been developed as a possible replacement for the ever-popular Morris Minor bi BMC's in-hoose design team at Longbridge, England. That plan wis abandoned due tae the Minor's unwaverin appeal wi the buyin public an a Wolseley version wis instead unveiled in 1957, followed bi the Riley. Thay wur licht, close-coupled saloons incorporatin the front torsion bar/rear leaf spring suspension, floorpan an superb rack an pinion steerin frae the Morris Minor. Thir automotive "quadruplets" wur pouered bi the famous B series pouer unit (I4,) o 1489 cc. Frae 1962 the 1622 cc version o this ingine, developed in Australie, pouered the Major Elite. Aw wur equipped wi lairge, hivy duty drum brakes - bi Lockheed for the Wolseley, Morris an Austin an Girling for the Riley. This formula resultit in a popular smaa-tae-medium faimily caur wi lively performance, robust big an road manners that wur quite abuin average for the time. The Major an Lancer, as distinct frae the sportier an mair luxurious Wolseley/Riley caurs, shared a seemilar level o appointment, finish an ingine tune wi contemporary Morris an Austin models. Awtho comparatively modest, the Major/Lancer haed a generally hie level o comfort an quality: it wis a modren caur offerin soond value. The sportin potential o the Major/Lancer wis recognised almaist immediately an specialist-modified caurs wur raced successfully at a professional level intae the early 1960s.
Timur
Timur (frae the Perso-Arabic form تیمور Tīmūr, ultimately frae Chagatai (Middle Turkic) Temür "iron"; 8 Aprile 1336 – 18 Februar 1405), normally kent as Tamerlane (frae Tīmūr-e Lang) in Inglis, wis a fowerteent-century conqueror o Wastren, South an Central Asie, foonder o the Timurid Empire an Timurid dynasty (1370–1405) in Central Asie, an great great grandfaither o Babur, the foonder o the Mughal Dynasty, whilk survived till 1857 as the Mughal Empire in Indie.
Born intae the Turco-Mongol Barlas tribe wha ruled in Central Asie,
Name
Temür means "iron" in the Chagatai leid an accordin tae the Jurnal o the Royal Asiatic Society o Great Breetain & Ireland (1972) the term temür is likely derived frae a Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit wird *čimara ("iron"). As an adult he wis better kent as Timūr Gurkānī (تيمور گوركانى), Gurkān bein the Persianized form o the oreeginal Mongolian wird kürügän, "son-in-law". Ane o Timur's ancestors wha wis kent bi the name "kara-sharnoban" embraced Islam an mairried the dochter o Chagatai Khan (son o Genghis Khan). Timur wis sicweys referred tae as the son-in-law o Chagatai Khan. Various Persian soorces uise a biname, Tīmūr-e Lang (تیمور لنگ) whilk translates tae "Timur the Lame", as he wis lame efter sustainin an injury tae his fit in battle. In his lifetime, his enemies tauntit him wi this name, tae Timur's discomfort. In the Wast, he is commonly kent as Tamerlane, whilk derives frae his Persian biname.
Personal life
Timur wis born in Transoxiana, in the Ceety o Kesh (an aurie nou better kent as Shahrisabz, 'the green ceety,'), some 50 mile sooth o Samarkand in modren Uzbekistan. His faither, Taraqai, wis a sma-scale landawner an belanged the Barlas tribe. The Barlas wur remnants o the oreeginal Mongol hordes o Genghis Khan, who haed bi then embraced Turkic an Persian leids an customs.
Timur wis a Muslim, but while his offeecial releegious counselor wis the Hanafite scholar 'Abdu 'l-Jabbar Khwarazmi, his parteecular persuasion is no kent. In Tirmidh, he haed come unner the influence o his spiritual mentor Sayyid Barakah, a Shiite leader frae Balkh wha is buried alangside Timur in Gur-e Amir. In maugre o his Hanafi background, Timur wis kent tae haud ‘Ali an the Shi’i Imams in hie regaird an haes been notit bi various scholars for his "pro-‘Alid" stance. In maugre o this, Timur wis notit for attackin Shi’is on Sunni grunds an syne his ain releegious inclinations remain unclear.
San Pedro Topiltepec
San Pedro Topiltepec is a toun an municipality in Oaxaca in sooth-wastren Mexico. It is pairt o the Teposcolula Destrict in the centre o the Mixteca Region. The name "Topiltepec" means "The Sheriff Hill".
The municipality kivers a aurie o 45.93 km² at a altitude o 2,170 metre abuin sea leivel. The climate is mild wi nae mony variation throu the year. Flora includes roses, geraniums, lilies, regina, bougainvillea an jasmine flouers, an aik, pine, juniper, ramonal, ash an arbutus trees.
As o 2005, the municipality haed 109 hoosehaulds wi a total population o 372 twa o wham spak a indigenous leid. Maist o the fowk are devotit tae agricultur, plantin o corn, beans an wheat. A smaw proportion o the population is engagit in feshin up beef nowt an pigs.
Municipality o Cerkno
The Municipality o Cerkno (Občina Cerkno) is a municipality in the Littoral region o Slovenie. The seat o the municipality is the toun o Cerkno. The municipality haes aroond 5,000 fowk.
Tetecala
The ceety serves as the municipal seat for the surroondin municipality, wi which it shares a name. The municipality reportit 6 917 inhabitants in the year 2000 census.
The toponym Tetecala comes frae a Nahuatl name an means "place o stane hooses".
Padovo pri Fari
Padovo pri Fari (in older sources also Padova, Padua ) is a smaw dounset in the hills abuin the left bank o the Kolpa River in the Municipality o Kostel in soothren Slovenie. The aurie is pairt o the tradeetional region o Lawer Carniola an is nou includit in the Sootheast Slovenie Statistical Region.
Juárez, Chiapas
Juárez is a toun an ane o the 119 municipalities o Chiapas, in soothren Mexico.
Alaverdi
Alaverdi (Ալավերդի) umwhile Manes, is a ceety situatit in the northeast o the Armenie province o Lori, no far frae the border wi Georgie. This minin an industrial ceety wi approximately 16,500 inhabitants situatit at the bottom o the Debed river gorge, is ane o the commercial an industrial centres o the destrict. It is situatit at the anerlie direct rail link atween Armenie an Georgie.
Juárez, Chiapas
As o 2005, the municipality haed a total population o 19,956. It covers an area of 161.5 km².
Alaverdi
History
Historically, the aurie o Manes-Alaverdi wis pairt o Dzoropor canton o Gugark province o Greater Armenia. Stairtin frae the 17t century, the dounset became tae be kent as Alaverdi which is derivit frae the name o a 17t century Turkic tribe leader cried Allahverdi Mollaoghlu Tarkhan.
Whan the aurie wis annexed tae the Roushie Empire at the end o the 18t century, a nummer o Greek miners wur resettled in the aurie tae stairt exploitin the copper, throu the efforts o the Argoutinski-Dolgoruki faimily. Suin efter, nearly a quairter o the entire Roushie copper wis bein mined in Alaverdi. At the end o the 19t century, the concession tae exploit the mine wis sauld tae a French firm. Durin the Soviet rule in the 20t century, the ceety acquired its current socialist industrial appearance. Efter the unthirldom, the metallurgical plant wis privatisit tae become a major employer for the ceety an its surroondins.
Alaverdi haes mony historical structurs, includin the 12t century brig o Sanahin.
Housomeivver, mony ither important cultural monuments are locatit in the vicinity o the toun, includin the monasteries o Sanahin, Haghpat, Kobayr, Akhtala, Khorakert, Khuchap, Ardvi an a basilica in Odzun.
Industry
Durin the Georgie rule ower Alaverdi region, the Alaverdi Copper Smelter wis foondit in 1770, bi the order o Georgie king Erekle II. At the end o the 19t century, the region wis flourished even mair through the new Roushie an French investments in metallurgical business. In 1903, the amoont o copper producit in Alaverdi region made aroond 13% o the total copper production in the Roushie Empire.
Durin the Soviet rule, massive construction wirks wur carriet on in Alaverdi, includin the surroondin auries o Sanahin an ither veelages. The Soviets made significant steps for the enlairgement o the metallurgical industrie in the region, which haes turned Alaverdi frae a sma industrial dounset tae a modren toun athin Soviet Armenie.
Recently, new plans wur introducit for the expansion o copper production in Alaverdi Smelter an the development o new copper mines athin the framewirks o the "Armenie Copper" project.
Currently, 500 wirkers an admeenistrative staff are employed in the copper factory.
Education an releegion
The first educational centre in the aurie o Alaverdi wis the University o Sanahin, which wis opened in 966 AD bi the efforts o the Bagratuni queen Khosrovanush.
Currently, Alaverdi is considered an important educational centre for the region. As o 2009, 10 public education schuils are operatin in the toun wi nearly 2,000 students, an 6 nursery schuils wi mair nor 400 kids.
The State College o Alaverdi affers an opportunity in pedagogical studies wi a duration o twa years while the Tumanynan branch o the Northren University, affers studyins in Nursing an Dental prosthesis.
A muisic academy namit efter Romanos Melikian an 3 schuils o airt are functionin in Alaverdi, wi a total nummer o 600 students (2009).
The Alaverdi cultural complex wis foondit in 1997. It consists o a lairge theatre haw an a big public leebrar.
In November 2001, the kirk o Surb Grigor o Narek wis opened in Alaverdi bi the efforts o the Alaverdi copper factory, the Diocese o Gugark an the local citizens o the toun.
Sport
In 1936, Alaverdi's Metalurg football team pairticipatit in the first iver USSR fitbaw championship, representin the Armenie SSR, but wi nae ony memorable achievements. Efter unthirldom, the club Debed Alaverdi pairticipatit in the Armenie Premier League for the 1992 saison. Unfortunately the club dissolvit in 1993 an is currently inactive frae profeesional fitbaa.
In Soviet years the toun wis famous in the Armenie SSR for its strang haundbaw players. Nouadays, a trainin academy namit efter USSR's haundbaw starn o the 1960s; Oleg Gorbunov, is still operatin in the toun syne 1962. The schuil haes young basketbaw an warstlin teams wi mair nor 100 kids an aw.
In 2006 the toun celebratit the inauguration o chess an boxin trainin schuils.
Housomeivver, the organisations in Alaverdi are vera poor, but some plans hae been implementit bi the Fitball Federation o Armenie tae promote the game in the Lori province, tharefore the toun's anerlie stadium; the Alaverdi City Stadium, which is locatit deep in the forests, wis recently turned intae an aw seater stadium wi a capacity o 1,000 seats tae serve some young fitbaw teams an sport-schuils.
Nature an nearbi attractions
The aurie o Alaverdi is rich wi historical monuments an natural life. The ceety itsel is built in the glen o Debed river, surroondit wi heich muntains an green forests. Mony samples o the Armenie airchitectural heritage are locatit near the ceety o Alaverdi:
State Anthem o the Chuvash Republic
The State anthem o the Chuvash Republic (Гимн Чувашской Республики, Hymn o the Republic o Chuvashie) is anthem o the Chuvash Republic (Chuvashie)
Minnock
Minnock (English: Mennock) is a clachan that lies 2 mile sooth o Sanchar in the historical coonty o Dumfriesshire in Dumfries an Gallowa, Scotland. It's oreeginal nucleus is the auld smiddy an the corn mill wi thair associatit biggins. The site is ringt bi the A76 road that rins throu the centre o Minnock. The veelage haes wauxt in recent years wi hoosin on the River Nith side o the A76 road.
The Leadhills and Wanlockhead Railway haes name't a locomotive "Mennock" in honour o the connection o the mines wi the veelage. "Mennock" is a narrae-gauge locomotive that wis built bi Andrew Barclay Sons & Co. in 1994 an wis uised in the tunnelin wark for London Olympic Park.
In Breetish uisage Minnock is technical a clachan raither nor a veelage as it haes aye lackit a formal dedicatit kirk o its ain.
History
The veelage wis kent as 'Minnock Brig' in 1886 an the river wis recordit as 'Minnick Watter' wi its soorce 7 mile awa on the nor'wastren slope o Lowther Hill. The watter haes its infaw here wi the River Nith. The aurie is famous for its association wi the Covenanters. A road owerbrig lies a bit wey til the sooth cairyin the B797 road (the Minnock Pass road) tae Leidhills an Wanlockheid. A towl hoose stuid juist til the sooth o the infaw on the wastren side. A tron wis locatit near this towl hoose, set intil the road surface. By 1898 the towl hoose haed closed an the tron wis no longer praisent.
Mennock Bridge School, later Mennock Scuil, wis situatit near the auld entry til the Mennock Lye Goods Depot wi the schuilhoose staundin nearby. The Mennock War Memorial haes the names o thaim that served and that dee'd fae the veelage as weel as thaim that gaed til the schuil an wis kilt in Warld War I.
Glendyne lies aboot 2 mile fae Minnock an is famous as a ae-time hidin place for herrit Covenanters thanks til its isolation an its deepth.
In 1832 an absent by the 1930s, a mill is shawn on the Minnock Watter near the ptynt whaur the Sow Burn jynes it, houiver by the 1850s a corn mill wis praisent juist abuin the Minnock Viaduct wi a kell or weir an a fuird. A loan ran up Kiln Hill fae the site o Menock Mill an jynt then Minnock Pass road near the site o the auld mill. Menock Mill is no langer in uiss houiver the miller's hoose is praisent yet. A smaw craft bi the name o Ringbrae ance stuid near the Minnock Wuid, a paith an a fitbrig connectin it til the veelage.
Eliock Hoose staunds on the wastren bank o the River Nith an wis in the haunds o the Dalzell family fae aboot 1388 tae 1720, an the Veitch faimily wis bidin there until 1905, bit by 1914 James Irving McConnel is leetit as the awner follaed bi George W. Greenshields in the late 1930s. The auldest pairt o the hoose is a substantious tour, likely datin til the 16t century. Eliock Hoose is said tae be the birthplace o James Crichton, common kent as 'the Admirable Crichton', a polymath, heich skeelt in leids, the airts, an sciences, murthert in 1582 at the age o 21.
Transport
Minnock lies in Nithsdale, a naitural communication througang that haes upshottit in baith roads an railweys cuttin throu it. The Dumfries-til-Ayr road rins throu on its wey tae Sanchar. The Duke o Queensberry biggit aboot 22 mile o new road an in addeetion a road (the B797 road) throu the Minnock Pass til the coonty boond an onwart til Edinburgh. The veelage niver haed a railwey station itsel, the nearest station nouadays bein Sanquhar railwey station and umwhile a station wis praisent at Carronbrig.
The Dempster Paith
This auncient paith rins fae the veelage, unner the railwey duct, past the 19t century corn mill ruins an syne conteenas up aside the Minnock Watter an crosses the B797 efter passin the sit o the pre-1850's mill. Evenutal the Dempster Paith jynes the B797 ablo Middlemoor Hill. The Dempster Road featurs on the OS 6" 1892-1905 edeetion merkit as a fitpaith. It appears, as it avydes the towl hoose, tae be an alternative til the than-towlt B797 that rins closer til the Minnock Watter. The name 'Dempster' suggests a muckle aulder oreegin as a dempster (Scots: duimster), until 1746, wis the offeecial at Scots baronial coorts, responsible for executin the juideecial deceesions an annunce't the duim as the decreet wis cried.
Mennock Lye Goods Depot
The Mennock Lye Goods Depot, or Mennock Sidin, on the railwey appent in 1850 an stuid close til the Mennick Watter anthe five-airched viaduct that cairies the line across, juist dounstream fae the auld Minnock corn mill ruins.
The faceelity wad hae haed transportit sic items as lime for the fields, cattle, horses, sheep, milk, coal, etc. The Glasgow, Dumfries and Carlisle Railway oreeginal appent the sidins for the Scots Mining Company that operatit the mines in Leidhills an Wanlockheid. The leid mines lay aboot 5 mile til the nor'east via the steep Minnock Pass. On 7 December 1882 a stramash teuk place at "Mennock Siding" upshottin in the deith o a passenger.
The sidins hae lang been remuived as haes the signal box, track cross-ower, etc., leavin plain double track. The ruins o the auld guids depot office biggin remeens o the wastren side o the site. An ingineers track aiccess pynt an materials storage aurie exists a bit til the sooth o the auld depot's location.
Etymology
The earliest recordit verson o the Minnock Watter name in 1660 is as "Minnock" an the derivation micht be fae the Scots Gaelic mèineach meanin "abundin wi uirs or mines". Eliock micht oreeginate in the Scots Gaelic ailcheach meanin "a staney place".
British Steel (1967–1999)
British Steel (Scots: Breetish Steel) wis a major Breetish steel producer. It originated as a nationalised industry, the British Steel Corporation (BSC), formed in 1967. This wis converted tae a leemitit company, British Steel PLC, an privatised in 1988. It wis ance a constituent o the FTSE 100 Index but follaein mergers, the business is nou owned bi Corus, a Tata Steel company.
Nationalisation
BSC wis formed frae the assets o umwhile private companies which haed been nationalised, largely unner the Labour Party govrenment o Harold Wilson (1964–1970). Wilson's wis the seicont attempt at nationalisation, Clement Attlee's Iron and Steel Corporation of Great Britain haein been largely privatised bi the Conservative governments o the 1950s. Anly ane steel company, Richard Thomas and Baldwins, remained in public ainership throughout.
History o Tunis
The history o Tunis, the lairgest ceety o Tunisie, began even afore that o Carthage. The existence o the locality is attestit frae the early fowert century BC. Acause o its geostrategic poseetion, it attracts the envy o aw the Mediterranean ceevilizations an subsequently came unner the domination o the Berbers, Phoenicians, Greeks, Romans, Arabs, Spaniards, Turks, etc..
Carthage
The historical study o Carthage is problematic. Acause its cultur an records wur destroyed bi the Romans at the end o the Third Punic War, vera few Carthaginian primary historical soorces survive. While thare are a few auncient translations o Punic texts intae Greek an Laitin, as well as inscriptions on monuments an biggins discovered in North Africae, the main soorces are Greek an Roman historians, includin Livy, Polybius, Appian, Cornelius Nepos, Silius Italicus, Plutarch, Dio Cassius, an Herodotus. Thir writers belanged tae fowks in competeetion, an aften in conflict, wi Carthage. Greek ceeties contendit wi Carthage ower Sicily, an the Romans focht three wars against Carthage. No surprisingly, thair accoonts o Carthage are extremely hostile; while thare are a few Greek authors who teuk a favourable view, thir wirks hae been lost.
18 Mey
The 18t o Mey is the 138t day o the year (139t in lowp years) in the Gregorian Calendar, wi 227 days ti come.
History o Tunis
Early history
The existence o the toun is attestit bi soorces datin frae the 4t century BC. In the 2nt millennium BC a toun, oreeginally named Tunes, wis foondit bi Berbers an an' a' ower time occupied bi Numidians. In 146 BC, the Romans destroyed Tunis (alang wi Carthage). Housomeivver, the ceety wis subsequently rebuilt unner the rule o Augustus an became an important toun unner Roman control an the centre o a buimin agricultural industry. Situatit on a hill, Tunis served as an excellent pynt frae which the comins an goins o naval an caravan traffeck tae an frae Carthage coud be observed. Tunis wis ane o the first touns in the region tae faw unner Carthaginian control, an in the centuries that follaed Tunis wis mentioned in the military histories associatit wi Carthage. Sicweys, durin Agathocles’ expedeetion, which landit at Cape Bon in 310 BC, Tunis chynged haunds on various occasions.
When Agathocles dee'd in 288 BC, a lairge company o Italian mercenaries who haed previously been held in his service foond themsels suddent athoot employment. Rather than leave Sicily, thay seized the ceety o Messana. Namin themsels Mamertines (or "sons o Mars"), thay became a law untae themsels, terrorizin the surroondin kintraside.
The Mamertines became a growin threat tae Carthage an Syracuse alike. In 265 BC, Hiero II, umwhile general o Pyrrhus an the new tyrant o Syracuse, teuk action against them. Faced wi a vastly superior force, the Mamertines dividit intae twa factions, ane advocatin surrender tae Carthage, the ither preferrin tae seek aid frae Rome. As a result, embassies wur sent tae baith ceeties.
While the Roman Senate debatit the best course o action, the Carthaginians eagerly agreed tae send a garrison tae Messana. A Carthaginian garrison wis admittit tae the ceety, an a Carthaginian fleet sailed intae the Messanan harbor. Housomeivver, suin efterwards thay began negotiatin wi Hiero. Alairmed, the Mamertines sent anither embassy tae Rome askin them tae expel the Carthaginians.
Hiero's intervention haed placed Carthage's military forces directly athort the nairae channel o water that separatit Sicily frae Italy. Mairower, the presence o the Carthaginian fleet gae them effective control ower this channel, the Strait o Messina, an demonstratit a clear an present danger tae nearbi Rome an her interests. The Roman senate wis unable tae decide on a course o action an referred the matter tae the fowk, who votit tae intervene.
The Roman attack on the Carthaginian forces at Messana triggered the first o the Punic Wars. Ower the course o the next century, thir three major conflicts atween Rome an Carthage wad determine the course o Wastren ceevilization. The wars includit a Carthaginian invasion led bi Hannibal, which nearly preventit the rise o the Roman Empire. Eventual veectory bi Rome wis a turnin pynt which meant that the ceevilization o the auncient Mediterranean wad pass tae the modren warld via Soothren Europe insteid o North Africae.
Shortly efter the First Punic War, Carthage faced a major mercenary revolt which chynged the internal poleetical landscape o Carthage (bringin the Barcid faimily tae prominence), an affectit Carthage's internaitional staundin, as Rome uised the events o the war tae base a claim bi which it seized Sardinie an Corsica.
Durin the Mercenary War, it is possible that Tunis served as a centre for the native population o the aurie, an that its population wis mainly componed o peasants, fishermen, an craftsmen. Compared tae the auncient ruins o Carthage, the ruins o auncient Tunis are no as lairge. Accordin tae Strabo, it wis destroyed bi the Romans durin the Third Punic War. Baith Tunis an Carthage wur destroyed; Tunis, housomeivver, wis rebuilt first. The ceety is mentioned in the Tabula Peutingeriana as Thuni. In the seestem o Roman roads for the Roman province o Africae, Tunis haed the title o mutatio (“wey station, restin place”). Tunis, increasingly Romanized, wis an aa eventually Christianized an became the seat o a bishop. Housomeivver, Tunis remained modestly sized compared tae Carthage durin this time. In the 9t century BC, the ceety wis taken ower bi Phoenicians frae Carthage. The Berbers teuk control o Tunis in 395 BC but it wis suin lost when Agathocles invadit Africae an establisht his heidquarters thare. When Agathocles left Africae, the Carthaginians teuk control o the ceety ance again.
Islamic conquest
Follaein the final destruction o Carthage, it wis no till the 7t century that Tunis achieved its awn importance, unner the control o Arab Muslims. The medina o Tunis, the auldest section o the ceety, dates frae this period, durin which the region wis conquered bi Arab troops led bi the Ghassanid general Hassan Ibn Numan. The ceety haed the naitural avantage o coastal access, via the Mediterranean, tae the major ports o soothren Europe. Early on, Tunis played a military role; the Arabs recognised the strategic importance o its proximity tae the Strait o Sicily. Frae the beginnin o the 8t century Tunis wis the chef-lieu o the aurie: it became the Arabs' naval base in the wastren Mediterranean Sea, an teuk on considerable military importance. Unner the Aghlabids, the fowk o Tunis revoltit numerous times, but the ceety profitit frae economic improvements an quickly became the seicont maist important in the kinrick. It wis briefly the naitional caipital, frae the end o the reign o Ibrahim II in 902, till 909 when the Shi'ite Berbers teuk ower Ifriqiya an foondit the Fatimid Caliphate.