cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱒᱔ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱠᱟ.ᱣᱰᱤ ᱟ.ᱨᱤ
᱒᱐᱐᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱪᱚᱛ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱟᱱᱟᱞᱚᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱕0 ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱱ ᱜᱚᱧᱦᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱦᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱢᱩᱴ ᱖᱔᱐ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ. ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ । ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱱ ᱜᱚᱧᱡᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱮ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ Backward Region Grant Fund Programme (BRGF) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱟ.ᱣᱰᱤ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱮᱫᱟ ।
ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱰ
ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱒᱔ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱰ (Sub division) ᱥᱮ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ (Sub- district) ᱦᱤᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ : ᱟᱞᱤᱯᱚᱨ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ, ᱵᱟᱨᱩᱭ ᱯᱩᱨ,ᱰᱟᱭᱢᱚᱱᱰ ᱦᱟᱨᱵᱟᱨ, ᱠᱟᱱᱱᱤᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱠᱫᱤᱯ᱾
ᱞᱚᱠ ᱥᱟᱵᱷᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ
ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱒᱔ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱮᱡ ᱞᱚᱠ ᱥᱟᱵᱷᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ:
ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱒᱔ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱘,᱑᱕᱓,᱑᱗᱖ ᱡᱚᱱᱟ, ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱤᱥᱟ.ᱵᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱢᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱰᱩᱥᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱩᱱᱟ.ᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟ. ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱖᱔᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱖ ᱮᱞᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱟ.ᱣᱠᱟ. ᱠᱤᱞᱚ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱘᱑᱙ ᱡᱚᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱤᱨᱟ.ᱵᱟᱥ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢᱮᱱ ᱜᱮ-ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱒᱐᱐᱑ - ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱦᱟ.ᱵᱤᱡ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟ.ᱰᱚᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱑᱘.᱐᱕%᱾ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱒᱔ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱮ- ᱥᱟᱭ ᱦᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱙᱕᱙ ᱡᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱟᱭᱡᱤᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱗᱘.᱕᱗%᱾
ᱟᱭᱮᱥᱳ ᱖᱓᱙ᱼ᱑
ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱳᱰ ᱢᱮᱱᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱴᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱯ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱥᱮ ᱮᱞᱠᱷᱟ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱳᱰ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱮᱥᱳ ᱖᱓᱙, ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱮᱥᱳ ᱖᱓᱙ᱼ᱑ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱮᱥᱳ ᱖᱓᱙ᱼ᱒ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱾
ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ
ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱳᱰ
ᱢᱮᱠᱠᱟ
ᱢᱮᱠᱠᱟ (/ˈmɛkə/) ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱠᱠᱟᱦ (ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞᱤ: Makkah al-Mukarramah; ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱤᱠ: مكة المكرمة) ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱫᱤ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱔ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱑,᱒᱙᱔,᱑᱖᱙ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱥᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱵᱨᱟᱦᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱠᱲᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱞᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱫᱟᱦ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱗᱓ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱸᱜᱩ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱗᱗ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱘᱑ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱾
ᱢᱮᱠᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱤᱠ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱱᱟᱹᱭᱟᱱ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱶ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱝᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱭ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱫᱟᱬᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱡᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱽᱼᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱲᱟᱢ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱶ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱵᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱥᱡᱤᱫᱽ ᱟᱞᱼᱦᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱱᱟᱹᱭᱟᱱ ᱢᱚᱥᱡᱤᱫᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱠᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱞᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱢᱤᱱ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱵᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱞᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ
ᱠᱟᱵᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱠᱭᱩᱵᱤᱠᱟᱞ (cubical) ᱵᱤᱞᱰᱤᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱚᱦᱬᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱠᱚᱶᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱶ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱟᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱤᱢ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱶ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱠᱚᱶᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱪᱤ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱤᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱤᱢᱻᱤᱡ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱦᱟᱡᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱤᱥᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫᱻᱮ ᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱡᱟᱢᱡᱟᱢ ᱠᱩᱧ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱠᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱥᱟᱭᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱠᱟᱦ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱶᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱤᱥᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱥᱮᱬᱮ ᱭᱮᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱠᱟᱵᱟ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ~ᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱵᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱮᱦᱚᱸᱨ~ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫ ᱠᱤᱵᱽᱞᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱦᱮᱢᱟᱞ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ
ᱦᱮᱢᱟᱞ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱯᱩᱫ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱥᱟᱸᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱮᱢᱟᱞ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱯᱩᱫ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱮ ᱨᱤᱢᱤᱞ ᱡᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱥᱟᱦᱟ ᱜᱤᱰᱤ ᱠᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱚᱥᱚᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱚᱫ ᱠᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱰᱚᱰᱷᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱞᱚᱥᱚᱫ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱵᱚᱰᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱯᱷᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾  ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱸᱰ ᱨᱤᱢᱤᱞ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱛᱟᱹᱦᱩᱸ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱣᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱱᱟᱭᱠᱚ
ᱡᱟᱹᱯᱩᱫ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱲᱟ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱠᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱰᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱮᱢᱟᱞ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱯᱷᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱚᱥᱚᱫ ᱠᱚᱜ ᱟᱲᱮ ᱠᱚᱦᱚᱸ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱧᱚᱜᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹᱣᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱦᱤ,ᱤᱫ ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹᱣᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱚᱞᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱠᱞᱟ ᱱᱤᱪᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱩᱲᱩᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱥᱩᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱟᱵᱟᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱾
ᱠᱟᱭᱠᱚ
ᱦᱮᱸᱢᱟᱞ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱥᱟᱸᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱠᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱵᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱦᱟᱹᱲ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱪᱟᱵᱟ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟ ᱪᱟᱹᱛ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱨᱩᱴᱷᱤ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱵᱷᱟᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱟᱥᱟᱸᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱞ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱪᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱥᱴᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autumn
ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ
ᱥᱤᱧ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱯᱩᱨᱤᱨᱮᱭ ᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱫᱚᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱣᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱫᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱸ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱮ ᱚᱨ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣᱟ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱸ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱛᱮᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱦᱮᱜ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨᱟ᱾ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱦᱮᱡᱩᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ ᱘.᱓ ᱢᱤᱱᱤᱴ ᱜᱟᱱ᱾ ᱵᱤᱥᱥᱚ ᱟᱵᱦᱟᱣᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱤ ᱵᱚᱨᱜᱚ ᱵᱤᱞᱳᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱒᱐ ᱚᱣᱟᱴ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱣᱟ᱾
ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ
ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ
ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱨ (ᱟᱹᱛᱩ)
ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱨ (᱒᱔.᱔᱘᱖᱕° ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱘᱖.᱖᱕᱒᱐° ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ) ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱮᱣᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ
ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱫᱮᱣᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱫᱮᱣᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ
ᱡᱚᱦᱟᱱᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ
ᱡᱚᱦᱟᱱᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱯᱚᱥᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱦᱟᱱᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ
᱒᱐᱐᱑ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱡᱚᱦᱟᱱᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱑᱓᱕,᱑᱙᱖ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱦᱟᱱᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱕᱔% ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱔᱖% ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱦᱟᱱᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱗᱗% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱗᱔.᱐᱔% ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱘᱓% ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱕᱙% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱦᱟᱱᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱑᱖% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾
ᱦᱚᱨ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ
ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱘᱓ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱑᱑᱐ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱚᱥᱩᱨᱤ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱘᱓ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱠᱷᱫᱩᱢᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱜᱟᱭᱟ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱞᱤᱴᱤ (quality) ᱯᱤ.ᱰᱟᱵᱞᱩ.ᱰᱤ. ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱟᱨ REO ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱮᱴᱣᱟᱨᱠ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱕᱔᱑.᱖᱕ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱯᱟᱴᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱔᱕᱐.᱙᱐ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱪᱤᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱩᱱᱩᱨᱩᱢ
ᱪᱤᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱑᱔᱖᱘.᱔᱒ ᱪᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱡᱚᱞ ᱜᱟᱶ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱵᱟᱹᱴᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱷᱟ:ᱭ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱪᱤᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱔,᱘᱑,᱘᱑᱘ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱱᱮᱼᱦᱚᱲ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾  ᱭᱩᱱᱮᱥᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱝᱜᱚᱪ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱩᱭᱛᱤᱡᱚ ᱵᱟᱦᱤ ᱴᱷᱟ:ᱭ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱥ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱣᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱦᱤᱸᱥ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ
ᱪᱤᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱒᱐᱐᱔ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱔ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱰᱟᱢᱰᱟᱦᱮ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱑᱐ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱰᱚ ᱞᱤᱵᱟᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱴᱟᱭᱜᱟᱨᱥ (ᱵᱤ.ᱮᱞ.ᱴᱤ.) ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱴᱟ ᱪᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱰᱚ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ৩০৮২ ᱜᱚᱴᱮᱱ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱢᱤᱞᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ 'ᱵᱚᱰᱚᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱟᱹᱯᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱥᱤ (ᱵᱤ.ᱴᱤ.ᱥᱤ.)' ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱞᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱩᱱᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱭᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱓᱐ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ, ᱒᱐᱐᱓ ᱢᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱠᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ (ᱦᱩᱠᱩᱢ ᱮᱞ- GAG(B). 137/2002/Pt/117) ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱓᱓᱒ ᱮᱞᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ 'ᱪᱤᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ' ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ  ৪ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱥᱱᱤ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱪᱤᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱠᱲᱟᱡᱷᱟᱲ, ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟᱸᱭᱜᱟᱶ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱨᱵᱮᱴᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱮᱴᱨᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱚᱞᱯᱚ BRPL ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱮᱛᱩ ᱯᱟᱨᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱭᱤ
ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ
ᱯᱨᱤᱭᱚᱢᱵᱚᱫᱟ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱦᱮᱡᱽᱢᱚᱫᱤ
ᱯᱨᱤᱭᱚᱢᱵᱚᱫᱟ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱦᱮᱡᱽᱢᱚᱫᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠᱚᱞ ᱮᱱᱮᱡᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱰᱚᱦᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱤᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱚᱞᱯᱩᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱭᱤᱥ ᱪᱟᱱᱥᱮᱞᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾  ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱓᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱥᱴᱚᱨ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱚᱠᱴᱚᱨᱮᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱤᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱤ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱵᱚᱭᱚᱥ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱮᱪᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱙᱕᱔ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱱᱴᱚᱨ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱵᱚᱨᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱭᱩᱵᱟ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛᱥᱚᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ 'ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱤ' ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱦᱩᱱᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱨᱞᱥ ᱯᱷᱚᱵᱽᱨᱤ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱢᱩᱦᱤᱛ ᱠᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾
ᱯᱨᱤᱭᱚᱢᱵᱚᱫᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ  ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ, ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱤ: ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠᱚᱞ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱯ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ।  2013 में उन्हें ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱤ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱚᱱᱢᱟᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱦᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ । ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱚᱞᱳᱡᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱯᱩᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱯᱷᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ, ᱯᱚᱫᱽᱢᱚ ᱥᱨᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱑᱙᱙᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱱᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ
ᱯᱨᱤᱭᱢᱵᱚᱫᱟ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱓᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱘ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾
ᱵᱚᱭᱛᱚᱨᱚᱬᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ
ᱵᱚᱤᱛᱚᱨᱚᱬᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ
ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱰᱮᱞᱴᱟ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱥᱴᱟᱞ ᱯᱞᱮᱱ ᱩᱛᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱯᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱵᱚᱤᱛᱚᱨᱚᱬᱤ, ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱱᱚᱫᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱨᱟᱦᱢᱚᱬᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱞ ᱠᱚᱥᱴᱟᱞ ᱯᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱫ ᱟ᱾
ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵᱽ
ᱵᱚᱤᱛᱚᱨᱚᱱᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱱᱟᱥᱤᱠᱟ/ᱜᱩᱯᱛᱚᱜᱚᱱᱜᱟ(ᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱩᱸ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ)ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟ᱾ ᱮᱦᱚᱵᱽ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱩᱸ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱚᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱰᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱫᱷᱟ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱮᱨ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱲᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱞᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱵᱚᱤᱛᱚᱨᱚᱬᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱱᱰᱮ ᱜᱩᱯᱛᱚ ᱜᱚᱱᱜᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱯᱛᱚ ᱵᱚᱤᱛᱚᱨᱚᱬᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱟᱜ ᱟ᱾ ᱠᱮᱚᱱᱡᱷᱚᱨ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱭᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱚᱱᱟᱥᱤᱠᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱙᱐᱐ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ(᱓᱐᱐ ᱯᱷᱩᱴ)ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱞᱮᱵᱮᱞ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟ᱾ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱘᱐ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ(᱕᱐ ᱢᱤ) ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱟᱥᱴᱟ ᱞᱤᱱᱜᱤᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱙᱐ ᱰᱤᱜᱨᱤ ᱫᱤᱜᱚ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱞᱤᱱᱜᱤ ᱟᱬᱜᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱵᱷᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱟᱡᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱨᱮᱯᱷᱚᱨᱮᱸᱥ
᱑ᱹ Kumar, Rakesh; Singh, R.D.; Sharma, K.D. (2005-09-10). "Water Resources of India" (PDF). Current Science. Bangalore: Current Science Association. 89 (5): 794–811. Retrieved 2013-10-13.
᱒ᱹ Kumar, Rakesh; Singh, R.D.; Sharma, K.D. (2005-09-10). "Water Resources of India" (PDF). Current Science. Bangalore: Current Science Association. 89 (5): 794–811. Retrieved 2013-10-13.
᱓ᱹ https://www.google.co.in/maps/place/Baitarani+River/@22.0327151,85.5508481,12.17z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x3a1bed59355fc723:0x5f1391d2ee80e5b0!8m2!3d21.430626!4d86.1091555
᱔ᱹ http://www.baitarani.org/
ᱠᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱱᱤ
ᱠᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱱᱤ (᱒᱖ ᱡᱩᱱ - ᱒᱐ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱐) ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ, ᱥᱟᱝᱵᱟᱫᱤᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱚᱠᱚᱞᱟ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱯᱚᱨᱤᱪᱟᱞᱚᱠᱮ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱗᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱚᱠᱛᱚᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱹᱰᱤᱭᱳ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱦᱚᱲᱮ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱖ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤᱜᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱵᱚᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱝᱵᱟᱫᱤᱠᱚᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱵᱟᱠᱷᱨᱟ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱠᱩᱥᱮ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱤᱫᱤᱭᱟ᱾
ᱮᱛᱦᱚᱵ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ
ᱠᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱱᱤ ᱑᱙᱓᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱖ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱯᱟᱵᱽᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ (ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱞᱞᱟᱯᱟᱲᱟ ᱩᱯᱳᱡᱮᱞᱟ) ᱥᱚᱱᱛᱚᱞᱟ ᱟᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱵᱩ ᱤᱣᱥᱩᱯᱷ ᱢᱳᱦᱟᱢᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱢᱩᱥᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡ ᱜᱚᱜᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱳᱠᱮᱭᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱱᱤ᱾ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱟᱵᱩ ᱱᱚᱭᱤᱢ ᱢᱳᱦᱟᱢᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱢᱳᱥᱛᱳᱯᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱱᱤ᱾ ᱠᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱳᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱣ ᱮᱛᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱑᱙᱔᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱵᱽᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱕᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱵᱽᱱᱟ ᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱤᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱥ ᱮᱥ ᱥᱤ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱰ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱮᱰᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱤᱭᱤᱪ ᱮᱥ ᱥᱤᱭ ᱯᱟᱥ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾
ᱨᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ
ᱠᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱱᱤ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱽ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱕᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱱᱫᱚᱞᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱽ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱕᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱰᱣᱨᱰ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱩᱨᱩᱞ ᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱞᱤᱜᱽ ᱱᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱩ ᱦᱟᱹᱡᱩᱜ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱞᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱠᱠᱷᱚᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ ᱠᱩ ᱜᱨᱮᱯᱷᱛᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱫᱤᱭᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱕᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱩᱠᱛᱚᱯᱷᱨᱚᱱᱴ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱽ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱫᱚᱲᱦᱟ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱜᱨᱮᱯᱷᱛᱟᱨ ᱚᱪᱚᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱮᱠᱷ ᱢᱩᱡᱤᱵᱩᱨ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱢᱟᱱ, ᱛᱟᱡᱽᱩᱫᱫᱤᱱ ᱟᱦᱢᱮᱫᱽ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮᱱᱠᱩ ᱱᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱩ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱡᱮᱦᱮᱞ ᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱴᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱕᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱦᱮᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱰᱷᱟᱠᱟᱭ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱥᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮᱭ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱟᱣᱟᱢᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤᱭ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱮᱛ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱕᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱨᱤᱠ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱩ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱑᱙᱖᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱮᱦᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱜᱚᱡᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱣᱱᱤᱥᱴ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ
᱑᱙᱕᱕-᱑᱙᱗᱐
ᱠᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱱᱤ ᱰᱷᱟᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱟᱡ ᱪᱟᱪᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱᱛᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱸᱲᱚᱸ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱳᱭᱱᱤᱠ ᱢᱤᱞᱞᱟᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱜᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭ ᱮᱛᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱳᱭᱱᱤᱠ ᱟᱡᱟᱫᱽ, ᱫᱳᱭᱱᱤᱠ ᱥᱚᱝᱵᱟᱫᱽ, ᱫᱳᱭᱱᱤᱠ ᱯᱩᱨᱵᱳᱫᱮᱥ, ᱫᱳᱭᱱᱤᱠ ᱵᱟᱨᱛᱟ ᱮᱢᱟᱱᱛᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱜᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱝᱵᱟᱫᱤᱠ ᱤᱣᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱥᱩᱛᱨᱮᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱷᱟᱠᱟ ᱥᱟᱝᱵᱟᱫᱤᱠ ᱤᱣᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱜᱷᱟᱸᱨᱚᱡᱽ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ
ᱠᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱖᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱪᱟᱪᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱯᱚ ᱟᱨᱟᱛ ᱫᱤᱯᱛᱤ ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱮ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱟᱨᱮᱭᱟ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱱᱟ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱹᱦᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱔ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱢᱮᱠᱥ ᱚᱭᱮᱵᱟᱨ
ᱢᱮᱠᱥᱤᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱞ ᱮᱢᱤᱞ ᱢᱮᱠᱥ ᱵᱷᱮᱵᱟᱨ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱚ Max_Weber (ᱵᱷᱩᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱚᱲᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱠᱥ ᱚᱭᱮᱵᱟᱨ)(᱒᱑ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱑᱘᱖᱔ – ᱑᱔ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱑᱙᱒᱐) ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ sociologist, philosopher, jurist, and political economist ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ ᱵᱩᱨᱚᱠᱨᱮᱥᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱰᱷᱤᱨᱮ ᱧᱤᱨᱩᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ ᱵᱤᱜᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱸᱜᱩᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱢᱤᱞ ᱰᱩᱨᱠᱷᱟᱭᱤᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱨᱞ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱥ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱱᱩᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱤᱛᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱩᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱡᱤᱭᱳᱱ
ᱢᱮᱠᱥ ᱚᱭᱮᱵᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱨᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱨᱯᱷᱨᱩᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱘᱖᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱑ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱚᱜᱚ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱠᱥ ᱚᱭᱮᱵᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱧᱤᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱠᱥ ᱚᱭᱮᱵᱟᱨ ᱥᱨ,᱾ ᱢᱮᱠᱥ ᱚᱭᱮᱵᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱣᱱᱤᱠᱷ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱔ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱑᱙᱒᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱕᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ
᱑᱘᱘᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱭᱮᱵᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱮᱰᱮᱞᱵᱟᱨᱜᱽ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱨᱟᱭᱨᱤᱛ(law) ᱟᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱴᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱨᱞᱤᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱶᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱤᱢᱤᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱩ ᱵᱟᱲᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱠᱷᱮᱢᱟᱭᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱶᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱞᱮ ᱩᱠᱤᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ
ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:!Main category
ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱩᱴᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱢᱚᱨᱤ
ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱩᱴᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱢᱚᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱱᱰᱷᱮᱡ (device) ᱵᱟᱝᱢᱟ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱜᱽᱨᱟᱢ, ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱨᱚᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱮᱴᱟ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱫᱤ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱢᱤ-ᱠᱚᱱᱰᱚᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱢᱚᱨᱭ (semiconductor memory), ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱴᱟᱞ-ᱚᱠᱥᱟᱭᱤᱰ-ᱥᱮᱢᱤᱠᱚᱱᱰᱚᱠᱴᱚᱨ (MOS) ᱢᱮᱢᱚᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱢᱚᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱞ (memory cells) ᱨᱮ ᱰᱮᱴᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱺᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱩᱴᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱢᱚᱨᱤ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱵᱟᱺᱫᱤ (primary storage) ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱩᱴᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱢᱚᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱫᱚᱲ (high speed) ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱮᱢᱚᱱ ᱨᱟᱱᱰᱚᱢ-ᱟᱠᱥᱮᱥ-ᱢᱮᱢᱚᱨᱤ (random access memory -RAM) ᱾ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱺᱫᱤ (secondary storage) ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱚᱨᱪᱩᱣᱟᱞ ᱢᱮᱢᱚᱨᱤ (virtual memory) ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱤᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱢᱚᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹᱛ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ "ᱵᱟᱺᱫᱤ" ᱵᱟᱝᱢᱟ "ᱥᱴᱚᱨ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ
᱑᱕᱗᱐ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱢᱚᱨᱤ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱭᱤᱴ (byte) ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱯᱨᱚᱜᱽᱨᱟᱢ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱰᱤᱡᱤᱴᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱩᱴᱚᱨ ᱮᱱᱤᱟᱠ (ENIAC) ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱠᱩᱢ ᱴᱤᱭᱩᱵᱽ (radio vacuum tube) ᱢᱮᱢᱚᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱒᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱮ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾
ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱑᱙᱔᱐ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱠᱚᱣᱥᱴᱤᱠ ᱰᱤᱞᱮ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱢᱮᱢᱚᱨᱤ (acoustic delay line memory), ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱹ ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱯᱟᱨ ᱮᱠᱨᱮᱴ (J. Presper Eckert) ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱤᱞᱟᱹᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱭᱤᱯ (glass tube) ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱨᱠᱤᱭᱩᱨᱤ (mercury) ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱭᱤᱯ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱨᱡᱽ ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱴᱟᱞ (quartz crystal) ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱰᱤᱞᱮ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱰᱮ ᱰᱷᱮᱣ (sound waves) ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱺᱫᱤ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱨᱠᱭᱩᱨᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱣᱟᱨᱡᱽ ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱛᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱰᱭᱩᱥᱚᱨ (transducer) ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱚᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱴ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱰᱤᱞᱮ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱴᱤᱭᱩᱵᱽ (en:Williams tube) ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱱ ᱴᱤᱭᱩᱵᱽ (en:Selectron tube) ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱑᱙᱔᱖ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱩᱠᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱺᱫᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱱ ᱵᱤᱢ (electron beams) ᱠᱤᱱ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱜᱤᱞᱟᱹᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱤᱯ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱾ ᱠᱮᱛHᱚᱰ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱴᱤᱭᱩᱵᱽ (en:cathode ray tube) ᱛᱮ ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱰ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱴᱤᱭᱩᱵᱽ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱨᱟᱱᱰᱚᱢ-ᱟᱠᱥᱮᱥ-ᱢᱮᱢᱚᱨᱤ (ᱨᱟᱢ) ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱱ ᱴᱤᱭᱩᱵᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱴᱤᱭᱩᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱰᱮᱴᱟ ᱵᱟᱺᱫᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱜ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱐ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱱ-ᱵᱷᱚᱞᱟᱴᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱢᱮᱢᱚᱨᱤ (en:non-volatile memory) ᱧᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱜᱽᱱᱮᱴᱤᱠ-ᱠᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱢᱚᱨᱤ (en:Magnetic-core memory) ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱰᱮᱴᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱰᱳ ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱰᱨᱤᱠ ᱣᱹ ᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮ (Frederick W. Viehe) ᱟᱨ ᱟᱱ ᱣᱟᱝ (en:An Wang) ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱱ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱑᱙᱔᱐ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱕᱐ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱭ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱮᱥᱴᱟᱨ (en:Jay Forrester) ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱱ ᱮᱹ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱪᱟᱢᱟᱱ (en:Jan A. Rajchman) ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱱ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱹᱨᱩ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱜᱮ ᱟᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱕᱓ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱣᱤᱨᱞᱣᱤᱱᱰ (Whirlwind) ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱩᱴᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱨᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞᱟᱭᱤᱡᱽ (commercialised) ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱢᱚᱥ ᱥᱮᱢᱤ-ᱠᱚᱱᱰᱚᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱢᱚᱨᱤ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱮᱱ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱢᱟᱜᱽᱱᱮᱴᱤᱠ ᱠᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱢᱚᱨᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱮᱢᱚᱨᱤ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾
ᱥᱣᱚᱯᱱᱚ ᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ
ᱥᱣᱚᱯᱱᱚ ᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ (Swapna Sagara) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱳᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱱᱛᱚ ᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚᱻᱟᱜ ᱰᱤᱨᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱘᱓ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱤᱞᱤᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱱᱛᱚ ᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱝ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱭᱩᱥᱚᱨ, ᱰᱤᱨᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ, ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱚᱠᱷᱭᱚᱭ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱰᱤᱨᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱮᱢᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱳᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱗᱐ ᱢ.ᱢ. ᱨᱩᱯ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱠᱚᱲᱟᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ
ᱳᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ‘ᱥᱣᱚᱯᱱᱚ ᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ’ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱲᱟᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ:
ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ
ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱰᱤᱨᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱷᱭᱚᱭ ᱴᱚᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱭᱟ ।
ᱯᱟᱞᱚᱡᱳᱨᱤ (ᱟᱹᱛᱩ)
ᱯᱟᱞᱚᱡᱳᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱮᱣᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱞᱚᱡᱳᱨᱤ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞ
ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱢᱮᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱢᱚᱦᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱵᱚᱞᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱢᱜᱚᱲ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱠᱚᱧᱮᱼᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾
ᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ
ᱯᱟᱞᱚᱡᱳᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱔᱑ ᱦᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱴᱚᱯᱟᱨ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ
ᱯᱟᱞᱚᱡᱳᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱔᱑ ᱦᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱯᱟᱞᱚᱡᱳᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱒,᱗᱒᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑,᱓᱙᱖ (᱕᱑%) ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱑,᱓᱓᱑ (᱔᱙%) ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱐-᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱐᱒ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱯᱟᱞᱚᱡᱳᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱒,᱓᱒᱕ (᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱗᱔.᱒᱔%) ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ
ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾
ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱯᱟᱞᱚᱡᱳᱨᱤ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱞᱚᱡᱳᱨᱤ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾
ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ
ᱠᱚᱥᱛᱩᱨᱵᱟ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤ ᱵᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ ᱵᱤᱫᱽᱭᱟᱞᱚᱭ, ᱯᱟᱞᱚᱡᱳᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱖ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱒ ᱪᱟᱱᱟᱪ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾
ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱜᱟᱨᱞᱥ ᱦᱟᱭ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱯᱟᱞᱚᱡᱳᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱘᱔ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ-ᱢᱮᱰᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱛᱷᱟᱹᱯᱱᱤᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱙ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱐ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱱᱟᱪ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾
ᱥᱚᱱᱨᱮᱭᱥ ᱦᱟᱭ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱞᱚᱡᱳᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ-ᱢᱮᱰᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱛᱷᱟᱹᱯᱱᱤᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱖ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱐ ᱪᱟᱱᱟᱪ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾
ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ
ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱫᱮᱣᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱫᱮᱣᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ
ᱵᱚᱨᱯᱮᱴᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱵᱚᱨᱯᱮᱴᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ (ᱤᱝᱨᱟᱹᱡᱤᱻ Barpeta District) ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱧᱩᱢᱚᱜᱚᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱫᱚᱵᱷᱟᱴᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱨᱯᱮᱴᱟ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱴ ᱓᱒᱔᱕ ᱪᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱴᱚᱯᱟᱨ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑,᱖᱔᱒,᱔᱒᱐ ᱡᱚᱱᱟ (᱒᱐᱐᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ) ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ
ᱵᱤᱱᱼᱠᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱢᱨᱩᱯ ᱡᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱥᱟᱨᱮᱡ ᱑᱙᱘᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱯᱮᱴᱟ ᱡᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱣᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱦᱩᱠᱢᱟ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱴᱟᱞᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱟᱢᱞᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱞ ᱚᱪᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱢᱚᱦᱩᱠᱢᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱯᱨᱯᱮᱴᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱡᱟᱞᱤ ᱾ ᱑ ᱡᱩᱱ, ᱒᱐᱐᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱹᱨᱩ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱵᱟᱠᱥᱟ ᱡᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹ ᱰᱤ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱯ ᱜᱮᱫ ᱵᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾
ᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱱᱰ
ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱒᱔᱕ ᱪᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱴᱚᱯᱟᱨ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱚᱨᱯᱮᱴᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱭᱮ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱟᱱ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ, ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱞᱵᱟᱲᱤ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ., ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱨᱩᱯ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱣᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱲᱟ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ., ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟᱭ ᱜᱟᱣ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱦᱚᱭ ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ
ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱢᱳᱣᱥᱩᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱴᱠᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱮ ᱪᱟᱱᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ, ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱢᱳᱣᱥᱩᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱯᱩᱫ ᱡᱩᱱ -ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱾
ᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ
ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱢᱚᱯᱩᱛᱨᱚ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱪᱷᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱵᱚᱨᱯᱮᱴᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱭᱮ ᱥᱮᱡ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱚᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱱᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱛᱩᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱛᱩᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱮᱠᱤ, ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱥ, ᱯᱚᱦᱩᱢᱟᱨᱟ, ᱠᱟᱞᱫᱤᱭᱟ, ᱯᱚᱞᱞᱟ, ᱱᱚᱠᱷᱟᱱᱰᱟ, ᱢᱚᱨᱟᱥᱟᱣᱩᱞᱠᱷᱚᱣᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱞᱮᱝᱤ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱭᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱛᱩᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱚᱦᱩᱢᱟᱨᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱞᱫᱤᱭᱟ ᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱨᱯᱮᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱠᱷᱟᱱᱰᱟ ᱱᱷᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱞᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱠᱤ ᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱱᱚᱠᱷᱟᱱᱰᱟ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱣᱩᱞᱠᱷᱚᱣᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱢᱚᱯᱩᱛᱨᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱩᱞ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱨᱯᱮᱴᱟ ᱡᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱪᱟᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱥᱚᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱟ'ᱴᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱣᱟᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱱᱤ(᱑᱙᱘᱔ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ)
ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱥᱤᱱᱻᱟᱜ ᱰᱤᱨᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱳᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ  ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱱᱤ  ᱑᱙᱘᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱤᱞᱤᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ।
ᱠᱚᱲᱟᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱩ
ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ‘ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱱᱤ’ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱲᱟᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ:
ᱡᱤᱱᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱡᱤᱱᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱬᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱤᱱᱫᱽ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱸᱰᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱖᱖ ᱥᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱠᱷ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱱᱫᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱬᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱤᱫᱟᱹᱭ (heart) ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱱᱤᱫᱤ ᱰᱚᱨᱟ (belt) ᱥᱚᱱᱤᱯᱟᱴ, ᱨᱚᱦᱴᱟᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱤᱥᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ, ᱯᱮᱴᱮᱨᱵᱟᱲᱮ (ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ)
ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ
ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱲᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱖᱑᱖ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱐᱕ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱐-᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱵᱚᱭᱚᱥ ᱨᱤᱱ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱑᱗.᱐᱕ % ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱓᱓᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱗᱙ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱷᱩᱸᱴ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ (Average Sex Ratio) ᱫᱚ ᱘᱒᱘, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱜᱷᱩᱸᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ (Child Sex Ratio) ᱫᱚ ᱖᱑᱕, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱙᱔᱘ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱡᱤᱱᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱴᱭᱟᱹᱨ
ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱰ ᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱡᱤᱱᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱭᱱᱛᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱻᱱᱟ ᱪᱤ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱫ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱭᱱᱛ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ (ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱵᱳᱸᱜᱟ) ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱱᱰᱚᱵᱽ (Pandava) ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽᱨᱤ (temple) ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱮᱸᱦᱚᱨ ᱡᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱣ ᱛᱩᱯᱩᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱭᱱᱛᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱡᱤᱱᱫᱽ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ, ᱯᱮᱴᱮᱨᱵᱟᱲᱮ (ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ)
ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ
ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱟᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱕᱙.᱔᱙ % ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱗᱐.᱕᱙ %, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱖.᱘᱖ % ᱾
ᱡᱤᱱᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱑,᱓᱓᱒,᱐᱔᱒ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱨᱤᱥᱤᱭᱚᱥ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ (US state) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱭᱱᱤ (Maine) ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱨᱟᱵᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱖᱔᱐ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱖᱔ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱸᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱵᱟᱹᱰᱚᱜ ᱡᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱑ᱹ᱙᱕% ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱟ ᱒᱐᱐᱑ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱘᱗᱐ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱗᱒ᱹ᱗% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ।
ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ, ᱯᱮᱴᱮᱨᱵᱟᱲᱮ (ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ)
ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ
ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ (constitution of India) ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱠᱟᱹᱱᱩᱱ (Panchyati Raaj Act) ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱯᱚᱧᱪ (Sarpanch) ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱽᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱳᱨᱫᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮᱴᱮᱨᱵᱟᱨ ᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱡᱤᱱᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ
ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱙᱖ᱹ᱙᱗% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱒ᱹ᱘᱑% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾
ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ, ᱯᱮᱴᱮᱨᱵᱟᱲᱮ (ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ)
ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ
ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱮᱨᱤ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱱᱟᱞᱟ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ (higher secondary school) ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱠᱟᱨᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱳᱞᱤᱴᱮᱠᱱᱤᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱯᱳᱞᱤᱴᱮᱠᱱᱤᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱵᱷᱮᱴ ᱤᱸᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤᱝ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱠᱟᱨᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱠᱟᱨᱚ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ, ᱥᱟᱨᱫᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱵᱽᱞᱤᱠ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ, ᱰᱤ ᱮ ᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾
ᱡᱤᱱᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ (Division)
ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ-ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ (sub-division) ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱺ ᱡᱤᱱᱫᱽ, ᱱᱟᱨᱣᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱯᱷᱤᱰᱚᱱ ᱾ ᱡᱤᱱᱫᱽ ᱥᱚᱵ-ᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱛᱚᱦᱥᱤᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ : ᱡᱤᱱᱫᱽ, ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱞᱮᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱨᱣᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱚᱵ-ᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱛᱚᱦᱥᱤᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ : ᱱᱟᱨᱣᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱪᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱯᱷᱤᱰᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱵ-ᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱛᱚᱦᱥᱤᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ : ᱥᱟᱯᱷᱤᱰᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱤᱞᱞᱩ-ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱟ (ᱥᱚᱵ-ᱛᱚᱦᱥᱤᱞ) ᱾
ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ, ᱯᱮᱴᱮᱨᱵᱟᱲᱮ (ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ)
ᱦᱮᱡᱥᱮᱱ
ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱟᱸᱴ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱫᱮᱡᱚᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱫᱚ ᱔ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱞᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱔᱐ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾
ᱡᱤᱱᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ
ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱬᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ
ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ, ᱯᱮᱴᱮᱨᱵᱟᱲᱮ (ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ)
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ
ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱮᱴᱟᱨᱵᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱮᱴᱮᱨᱵᱟᱲᱮ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱮᱴᱮᱨᱵᱟᱲᱮ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱮᱴᱮᱨᱵᱟᱨ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱮᱴᱟᱨᱣᱟᱨ
ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱡᱚᱱᱤ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ
ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱡᱚᱱᱤ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱦᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱣᱟᱲᱤ, ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ ᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱦᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱡᱚᱱᱤ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱟᱢᱤ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱠᱳᱰ
ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱡᱚᱱᱤ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱗.᱐ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱠᱳᱰ ᱥᱴᱮᱱᱰᱟᱨᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱡᱚᱱᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱠᱳᱰ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ U+11150–U+1117F:
ᱯᱟᱨᱣᱟ
ᱯᱟᱨᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱮᱬᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱹᱢ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱤᱡ ᱪᱮᱬᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱞ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱚᱪᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱴᱷᱚᱱᱴᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱟᱵᱚᱜᱼᱟᱭ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱦᱟᱞᱟᱝᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱩᱵ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱪᱷᱞᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱩᱵ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱪᱮᱬᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱥᱩᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱳᱲᱳ, ᱡᱟᱝ, ᱵᱟᱫᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱹᱞ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱸᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱮ ᱞᱤᱞ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱨᱚᱝ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱪᱤᱴᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱯᱮᱢ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾
ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ
ᱯᱟᱨᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱥᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱑᱕ ᱥᱮ-ᱢᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱗᱕ ᱥᱮᱼᱢᱤ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱡᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱐ ᱜᱽᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱜᱽᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱛᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱨᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱱᱤᱣ ᱜᱤᱱᱤ ᱨᱤᱱ "ᱫᱟᱹᱲᱦᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱣᱟ" (crowned pigeon), ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱪᱮᱬᱮ ᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱚᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱛ ᱯᱚᱛᱟᱢ (ground dove), ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱷᱟᱲᱣᱟ ᱤᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱒ ᱜᱽᱨᱟᱢ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱾
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ
ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱪᱮᱬᱮ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ
ᱢᱟᱢᱚᱱᱤ ᱨᱚᱭᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱥᱥᱟᱢᱤ
ᱢᱟᱢᱚᱤ ᱨᱚᱭᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱥᱥᱟᱢᱤ(ᱤᱝᱨᱟᱹᱡᱤ: Mamoni Raisom Goswami, ᱡᱱᱟᱢᱺ ᱑᱙᱔᱒-ᱜᱩᱨᱺ᱒᱐᱑᱑) ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱜᱽᱭᱟᱱᱯᱤᱴ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱥᱟᱶᱮᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ। ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱜᱚᱥᱥᱟᱢᱤ। ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱢᱚᱱᱤ ᱪᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱢᱰᱟᱠ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱭ। ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱜᱚ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱟᱥᱟᱢᱤᱥ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱤᱝᱨᱟᱹᱡᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ-ᱮ ᱪᱚᱨᱪᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ। ᱨᱟᱢᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱫᱷᱚᱵᱽ ᱠᱚᱱᱫᱚᱞᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱢᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱝ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱰᱚᱠᱴᱚᱨᱮᱴ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱰᱟ| ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱧᱩᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱰᱤᱯᱟᱹᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱮ ᱡᱤᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ।
ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱜᱚᱥᱥᱟᱢᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱢᱩᱜᱚᱜ ᱞᱮᱠ ᱜᱟᱢᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱺ ᱚᱨᱤᱦᱚᱱ (অহিৰণ),ᱪᱮᱱᱵᱚᱨ ᱥᱨᱚᱛ(চেনাবৰ স্ৰোত), ᱱᱤᱞᱠᱚᱱᱴᱷᱚ ᱵᱚᱡᱽᱨᱚ (নীলকণ্ঠী ব্ৰজ), ᱢᱟᱢᱚᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱳᱨᱟ ᱛᱟᱨᱣᱟᱞ (মামৰে ধৰা তৰোৱাল), ᱛᱮᱡᱽ ᱟᱨᱩ ᱫᱷᱩᱞᱤᱨ ᱫᱷᱩᱥᱨᱤᱛ ᱯᱨᱤᱥᱴᱟ (তেজ আৰু ধূলিৰে ধূসৰিত পৃষ্ঠা), ᱫᱟᱛᱟᱞ ᱦᱟᱛᱤᱨ ᱩᱭᱮ ᱛᱷᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱟᱣᱫᱟ (দঁতাল হাতীৰ উঁয়ে খোৱা হাওদা), ᱟᱫᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱳᱥᱛᱟ ᱵᱮᱡᱽ (আধা লেখা দস্তাবেজ),ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱠᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱚᱭ ᱵᱷᱟᱱᱩᱨ ᱪᱚᱨᱤᱛᱨᱚ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ। ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱘᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱳᱢᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱜᱽᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱤᱴ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ। ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱳᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ Principal Prince Claus Laureate ᱮ(᱒᱐᱐᱘) ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ।
ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱱᱟᱢᱰᱟᱠ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱢ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱠᱟᱨ ᱛᱩᱞᱩᱡ ᱱᱤᱨᱟᱹᱭ ᱜᱟᱯᱟᱞ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ-ᱮ ᱠᱩᱨᱩ ᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ।
ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ
᱑᱙᱔᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱢᱚᱱᱤ ᱨᱚᱭᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱥᱥᱟᱢᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱣᱟᱦᱟᱴᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ। ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱜᱚᱥᱥᱟᱢᱤ। ᱟᱯᱟᱴᱮᱫ ᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱭᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱩᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱛᱚ ᱜᱚᱥᱥᱢᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱝᱜᱟᱛᱮᱫ ᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱢᱵᱤᱠᱟ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ। ᱩᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱛᱚ ᱜᱚᱥᱥᱟᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱫ-ᱮ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱸ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ। ᱢᱟᱢᱚᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱟᱢᱨᱚᱝᱟ ᱥᱚᱛᱨᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱᱮ ᱵᱤᱛᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ। ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱡ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱵ ᱪᱚᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱛᱚ ᱜᱚᱥᱥᱟᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱛᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱛᱨᱟᱫᱷ᱾ᱠᱟᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ।
ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ
ᱢᱟᱢᱚᱱᱤ ᱨᱚᱭᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱥᱥᱟᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ "lung infection" ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱵᱽᱲᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱢᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱪᱟᱱᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱯᱩᱲᱤᱡ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱮ ᱛᱟᱱᱷᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ । ᱚᱱᱟ ᱾ᱭᱟᱹᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱲᱜᱟᱶ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱥᱯᱤᱴᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱜ-ᱨᱟᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ। ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱣᱟᱦᱟᱴᱤ ᱨᱟᱜ-ᱨᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱷᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱮᱭᱟ। ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱱᱚᱤᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱪᱟᱱᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱒᱙ ᱛᱟᱨᱤᱠ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱗ ᱴᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱔᱖ ᱴᱤᱲᱤᱡ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱣᱟᱦᱟᱴᱤ ᱨᱟᱜ-ᱨᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱥᱶᱦᱮᱫ-ᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ।
ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ
ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ
ᱠᱟᱨᱵᱤ ᱟᱝᱞᱚᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱠᱟᱨᱵᱤ ᱟᱝᱞᱚᱝ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ. (ᱤᱝᱨᱟ.ᱡᱤ: Karbi Anglong district) ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ| ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ. ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱚ-ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱩᱛᱟ.ᱨᱟ| ᱰᱤᱯᱷᱩ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ. ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱵᱟ.ᱴᱤᱭᱟ.| ᱠᱚᱨᱵᱤ ᱟᱝᱞᱚᱝ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ. ᱫᱚ ᱑᱐,᱔᱓᱔ ᱪᱟ.ᱣᱠᱟ. ᱠᱤᱞᱚ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ|
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ
ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱨᱵᱤ ᱟᱝᱞᱚᱝ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ. ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱛ ᱦᱤ'ᱥ ᱰᱤᱢᱟᱥᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱴᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱵᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ| ᱑᱘᱕᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱩᱞᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱟᱥᱱᱚᱨ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱨᱵᱤ ᱟᱝᱞᱚᱝ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ. ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟ. ᱟᱜ ᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ 'ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱩᱱᱩᱫᱩᱜ' ᱡᱤᱞᱟ. ᱢᱮᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱤᱠᱟ.ᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ| ᱑᱙᱓᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱟ.ᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱠᱤᱨ ᱛᱩᱨᱩ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ 'partially excluded areas' ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱟ|  ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟ.ᱞ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ  ᱑᱙᱕᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱑᱗ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱢᱟ.ᱦᱤᱛ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱱᱚᱦᱟᱜ ᱠᱟ.ᱨᱵᱤ ᱟᱝᱞᱚᱝ, ᱠᱚ'ᱭᱮ' ᱠᱟᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ. ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱥᱟᱨ, ᱱᱚᱜᱟᱶ, ᱜᱚᱞᱟᱜᱷᱟᱴ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ. ᱟᱨ 'ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱟᱥᱤᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱭᱚᱱᱛᱤᱭᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ.' ᱫᱟᱶᱛᱮ 'ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱠᱤᱨ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ'ᱭᱮ' ᱠᱟᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ.' ᱠᱚ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱵᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ| ᱤᱱᱟ. ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱑᱙᱗᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱒ ᱵᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ. ᱵᱟᱨ ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ 'ᱢᱤᱠᱤᱨ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ. ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ'ᱭᱮ' ᱠᱟᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ.' | ᱑᱙᱗᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱑᱔ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱢᱟ.ᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱠᱤᱨ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ. 'ᱠᱟᱨᱵᱤ ᱟᱝᱞᱚᱝ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ. ᱢᱮᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱮᱱᱟ|
ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱚᱫᱤ ᱥᱚᱢᱚᱥᱴᱷᱤ
ᱠᱟᱨᱵᱤ ᱟᱝᱞᱚᱝ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ. ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱᱭᱟ ᱥᱚᱢᱚᱥᱴᱷᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ - ᱵᱚᱠᱟᱡᱟᱱ,ᱦᱟᱣᱨᱟᱜᱷᱟᱴ,ᱰᱤᱯᱷᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱭᱴᱷᱟᱞᱟᱝᱥᱚ| ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱢᱚᱥᱴᱷᱤ ᱩᱱᱩᱫᱚᱜ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱡᱟᱛᱤ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱵᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ|  ᱠᱟᱨᱵᱤ ᱟᱝᱞᱚᱝ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ. ᱟᱨ ᱰᱤᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱥᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ. ᱢᱤᱞᱟ.ᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ 'ᱟ.ᱯᱟ.ᱱᱟ.ᱛ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ. (ᱞᱚᱠᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱥᱚᱢᱚᱥᱴᱷᱤ) ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱚᱫᱤ ᱥᱚᱢᱚᱥᱴᱷᱤ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ|
ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟ. ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ
ᱠᱟᱨᱵᱤ ᱟᱝᱞᱚᱝ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ. ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱢᱚᱦᱩᱠᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ| ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤᱯᱷᱩ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱢᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱠᱟᱡᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱚᱴᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱨᱠᱨᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ|
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ
ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱞᱞᱟᱹ
ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱚᱭᱮᱥ
ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱚᱭᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱰᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱱᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ Mozilla ᱮᱛᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟᱭ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱯᱚᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱭ᱾ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱠᱚᱰᱤᱠ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱤᱡᱮ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱭᱚ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱴᱷᱤᱠ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱷᱩᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱭᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱣᱮᱵᱽᱥᱟᱭᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱮᱠᱷᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱤᱡᱚᱨ ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱨᱚᱯᱷᱚᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱠᱚᱰ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱰᱚᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱟᱭᱥᱮᱱᱥ CC0 ᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱞᱟᱭᱥᱮᱱᱥ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱰᱮᱵᱷᱞᱚᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱮᱯᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱤᱱ ᱯᱩᱭᱥᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟᱭ᱾
ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ
ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱚᱭᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱒ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱣᱮᱵᱽᱥᱟᱭᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ
ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱮᱰᱮ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱯ ᱥᱚᱯᱷᱴᱣᱮᱨ
ᱠᱳᱸᱴᱟᱭ ᱓ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱠᱳᱸᱴᱟᱭ ᱓ (ᱠᱟᱸᱛᱷᱤ ᱓ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ) ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱳᱸᱴᱟᱭ ᱡᱚᱜᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ
ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱮᱞᱞᱮᱯᱯᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱮᱨᱚᱞ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱮᱨᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱗᱔,᱑᱖᱔ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱨᱚᱞ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱖ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱭᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱪᱟᱹ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱮᱢᱟᱫ ᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱠᱳᱸᱴᱟᱭ ᱓ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ
ᱠᱳᱸᱴᱟᱭ ᱓ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱚᱜᱽᱵᱟᱱᱯᱩᱨ ᱒ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱮᱡᱩᱨᱤ ᱑ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱮᱥᱯᱨᱟᱬ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱳᱸᱴᱟᱭ ᱑ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱒ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱷᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱛᱚᱢᱞᱩᱠ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱕᱙ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ
ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱒᱑,᱒᱑,᱙᱔᱓ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱚᱠᱟᱨᱮ ᱑᱐,᱑᱐,᱒᱕᱒ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱑,᱑᱑,᱖᱙᱑ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱔᱙᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ᱒ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱾ ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱵᱚᱪᱷᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱚᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱑,᱘᱖,᱐᱒᱒ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱙᱖.᱒᱖% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱰᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱘,᱙᱕,᱔᱗᱖ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱙,᱖᱘,᱐᱘᱒ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱐.᱖᱑% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱜᱨᱚᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱑᱑᱐᱐ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱒᱐᱐᱑ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱘᱒,᱖᱗᱕ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱠᱳᱸᱴᱟᱭ ᱓ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ
ᱠᱳᱸᱴᱟᱭ ᱓ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱥᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱖᱐.᱕᱒ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ᱒ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱯᱟᱸᱪᱟᱭᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱢᱤᱛᱤ, ᱘ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱟᱸᱪᱟᱭᱟᱛ, ᱑᱑᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱚᱫᱽ (ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱥᱤ), ᱑᱖᱕ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱣᱡᱟ, ᱑᱖᱖ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱤᱥᱫᱟ ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱤᱥᱫᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱠᱳᱸᱴᱟᱭ ᱓ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ/ᱯᱟᱸᱪᱟᱭᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱢᱤᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱟᱸᱪᱟᱭᱟᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ: ᱵᱷᱚᱡᱟᱪᱚᱣᱞᱤ, ᱫᱮᱵᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱟ, ᱫᱩᱨᱢᱩᱴ, ᱠᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱫᱤᱜᱷᱤ, ᱠᱩᱢᱤᱨᱫᱟ, ᱠᱩᱥᱩᱢᱯᱩᱨ, ᱞᱚᱣᱰᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱤᱥᱫᱟ ᱾
ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ
ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱠᱳᱸᱴᱟᱭ ᱓ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱕᱗,᱗᱙᱓ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱘᱑,᱑᱔᱓ (᱕᱑%) ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱗᱖,᱖᱕᱐ (᱔᱙%) ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱐-᱖ ᱵᱚᱪᱷᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱑᱗,᱙᱘᱕ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱮᱨ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱒᱐,᱘᱓᱒ (᱑᱓.᱒᱐%) ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱔᱔ (᱐.᱐᱙%) ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾
ᱠᱳᱸᱴᱟᱭ ᱓ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱚ (᱔,᱐᱐᱐+ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱟᱜ) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ (᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ): ᱢᱟᱨᱤᱥᱫᱟ (᱕,᱙᱕᱓), ᱠᱚᱱᱟᱭᱫᱤᱜᱷᱤ (᱘,᱗᱘᱓) ᱾
ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ
ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ
ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱖᱖ (ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ) ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱱᱣᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱭᱟᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱢᱮᱰᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱞᱟᱨᱠᱚᱰ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱨᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱭᱯᱟᱥ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱖᱖ ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ, ᱩᱰᱩᱯᱤ, ᱢᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱚᱨ, ᱠᱟᱱᱱᱩᱨ, ᱠᱚᱡᱷᱤᱠᱚᱰ, ᱮᱨᱱᱟᱠᱩᱞᱟᱢ, ᱠᱚᱞᱞᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱩᱣᱚᱱᱚᱱᱛᱯᱩᱨᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱠᱳᱸᱴᱟᱭ ᱓ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ
ᱠᱳᱸᱴᱟᱭ ᱓ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ (᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ): ᱵᱷᱟᱡᱟ ᱪᱚᱣᱞᱤ (᱒,᱕᱔᱑), ᱠᱩᱢᱤᱨᱫᱟ (᱓,᱖᱒᱕), ᱞᱚᱣᱰᱟ (᱑,᱑᱒᱔), ᱫᱤᱦᱤᱵᱟᱦᱤᱨᱤ (᱑᱖᱑) ᱾
ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ
ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ
ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱰᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱱᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱑᱑ (ᱠᱮᱨᱚᱞ) ᱠᱚᱞᱟᱨᱠᱚᱰ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱮᱨᱩᱱᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱵᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱚᱠᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱥᱤ ᱨᱚᱰ (ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ ᱼᱪᱚᱝᱜᱽᱱᱟᱥᱥᱮᱨᱤ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ) ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱒᱔.᱒ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱤᱧ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱑᱑ (ᱠᱮᱨᱚᱞ) ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱔᱐ (ᱠᱮᱨᱟᱞᱟ) ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨ ᱤᱥᱴᱮᱴ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱖᱖ (ᱠᱮᱨᱟᱞᱟ) ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱱᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱷᱚᱯᱯᱩᱢᱯᱚᱰᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱵᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱠᱳᱸᱴᱟᱭ ᱓ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱳᱸᱴᱟᱭ ᱓ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱒᱕,᱖᱕᱖ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ (᱘᱙.᱘᱙) ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱖᱘,᱑᱓᱕ (᱙᱔.᱗᱕%) ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱕᱗,᱕᱔᱑ (᱘᱔.᱗᱕%) ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ
ᱨᱮᱞ
ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ ᱮᱨᱱᱟᱠᱩᱞᱟᱢᱼᱠᱚᱭᱟᱢᱠᱩᱞᱟᱢ ᱫᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱛᱤᱨᱩᱣᱚᱱᱚᱱᱛᱯᱩᱨᱚᱢ, ᱠᱚᱞᱞᱟᱢ, ᱠᱚᱪᱤ, ᱠᱚᱭᱟᱢᱵᱟᱴᱩᱨ, ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ, ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ, ᱵᱚᱠᱟᱨᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱔ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱒.᱕ ᱢᱤᱞ) ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱤᱧᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱯᱩᱱᱭᱟ ᱴᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱱᱩᱨ, ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ, ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱟᱴᱟᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱞᱚᱠᱟᱞ ᱴᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱪᱮ ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ, ᱪᱚᱱᱰᱤᱜᱚᱰ, ᱦᱟᱭᱫᱽᱨᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ, ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱟᱞᱩᱨᱩ, ᱢᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ, ᱠᱚᱡᱷᱤᱠᱚᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱢᱨᱤᱛᱥᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱴᱨᱮᱱ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱠᱳᱸᱴᱟᱭ ᱓ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱘᱗.᱐᱒% ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱘᱗.᱐᱒% ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱘᱗.᱐᱒% ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱘᱗.᱐᱒% ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ
ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ
ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:Populated coastal places in India ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱡᱽ ᱜᱷᱟᱴ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ
ᱠᱳᱸᱴᱟᱭ ᱓ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ
ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱙᱙.᱕᱕% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ
᱒᱐᱑᱓-᱑᱔ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱠᱳᱸᱴᱟᱭ ᱓ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱓᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱤᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱕,᱙᱓᱔ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ, ᱑᱔ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱱᱟᱞᱟ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱘᱒᱘ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ, ᱘ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱩᱱᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱖,᱒᱑᱖ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ, ᱑᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱩᱱᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱥᱮᱠᱮᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ ᱤᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱒,᱔᱔᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱠᱳᱸᱴᱟᱭ ᱓ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ, ᱑᱖᱖ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱑/᱒᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱤᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱔᱙ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱤᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱓᱕ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱛᱟᱱᱟᱞᱟ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱛᱟᱱᱟᱞᱟ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱮᱠᱮᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ ᱤᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ
᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱠᱳᱸᱴᱟᱭ ᱓ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱑᱐ ᱵᱮᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱕ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱰᱚᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱒᱔ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱠᱚᱞᱭᱟᱬ ᱡᱚᱜᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱤᱯᱩᱠᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ, ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱤᱯᱩᱠᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱯᱤᱳ ᱱᱛᱪᱤᱱᱫᱟ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ (᱑᱐ ᱵᱮᱰ ᱟᱜ) ᱫᱚ ᱠᱳᱸᱴᱟᱭ ᱓ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱢᱮᱰᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱚᱱᱢᱟᱞᱤᱪᱟᱴᱴᱟ (᱑᱐ ᱵᱮᱰ ᱟᱜ), ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱜᱚᱲ (? ᱵᱮᱰ ᱟᱜ) ᱟᱨ ᱫᱮᱣᱩᱞᱵᱟᱲ (ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱵᱮᱰ ᱟᱜ) ᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ
ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ
ᱛᱨᱤᱥᱩᱨ
ᱛᱨᱤᱥᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱨᱤᱪᱩᱨ, ᱚᱠᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱨᱤᱥᱤᱵᱟᱯᱮᱨᱩᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱮᱨᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱨᱤᱥᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱡᱷᱤᱠᱚᱰ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱮᱨᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱑ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱖᱕-ᱮᱠᱟᱲ (᱒᱖ ᱦᱮᱠᱴᱮᱭᱚᱨ) ᱫᱚ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱠᱟ ᱛᱷᱮᱠᱠᱤᱝᱠᱟᱰᱩ ᱢᱟᱭᱫᱟᱱᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱢᱚᱱᱫᱤᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱛᱤᱨᱩᱣᱚᱱᱚᱱᱛᱯᱩᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱓᱐᱔ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱑᱘᱙ ᱢᱤᱞ) ᱠᱚᱧᱮᱼᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱨᱤᱥᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱪᱤᱱ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱽ, ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱ, ᱯᱩᱨᱛᱜᱟᱞᱤ, ᱰᱟᱪ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱩᱰᱟᱹᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ
ᱛᱨᱤᱥᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱮᱨᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱛᱨᱤᱥᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱗᱕ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮᱼᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ, ᱠᱚᱭᱟᱢᱵᱟᱴᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱓᱓ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱢᱼᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱠᱚᱡᱷᱤᱠᱚᱰ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱒᱔ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱢᱼᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱚᱝᱜᱚᱱᱟᱪᱮᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱕᱑ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱷᱮᱠᱠᱤᱝᱠᱰᱩ ᱢᱟᱭᱫᱟᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱤᱞᱟᱝᱜᱚᱱ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱟᱴᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒.᱘᱓ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱛᱨᱤᱥᱩᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱑᱕,᱙᱕᱗ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱘.᱒% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱕᱑.᱘% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱠᱚᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ ᱑᱕᱒,᱒᱙᱖ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱖᱓,᱖᱖᱑ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱓,᱑᱓᱐/ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱖᱖,᱘᱒᱗ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱟᱜ ᱔.᱒᱗ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱐.᱓᱐% ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱨᱚᱞ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱡᱜᱩᱜᱽᱜᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱐.᱓᱗% ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱷᱩᱜᱽᱜᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱙᱕.᱕% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ: ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱙᱗% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱙᱔ .᱖% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ
ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱧᱮᱼᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱤᱰᱚᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ (ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ) ᱛᱮ ᱯᱩᱱᱼᱞᱮᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱕᱔᱔, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ NH ᱔᱗ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱵᱷᱤᱱᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱟᱹᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱪᱤ, ᱯᱚᱞᱚᱠᱠᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱭᱟᱢᱵᱟᱴᱩᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱩᱨᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱥᱮᱫᱛᱮᱨᱟ ᱾
ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ
ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱠᱮᱨᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱮᱞᱡᱚᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ
ᱢᱚᱢᱚᱛᱟ ᱢᱟᱜᱮ ᱢᱩᱞᱚ
ᱚᱢᱤᱭᱚ ᱨᱚᱱᱡᱚᱱ ᱯᱚᱴᱱᱟᱭᱚᱠᱻᱟᱜ ᱰᱤᱨᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱳᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱢᱚᱢᱚᱛᱟ ᱢᱟᱜᱮ ᱴᱩᱞᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱘᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱤᱞᱤᱡᱽ ᱞᱣᱱᱟ ।
ᱠᱚᱲᱟᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ
ᱳᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ‘ᱢᱚᱢᱚᱛᱟ ᱴᱟᱜᱮ ᱢᱩᱞᱚ’ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ:
ᱫᱚᱨᱥᱚᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱵᱷᱮᱨᱤ
ᱟᱬᱜᱟᱛ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ
ᱡᱟᱵᱷᱮᱨᱤ ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱨᱟᱴᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱟᱡ ᱫᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱵᱤᱯᱤᱱ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱴᱷᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱚᱬᱤᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱪᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱡ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱥᱩᱵᱦᱮᱨᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱪᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢᱯᱟᱨᱤᱠ ᱨᱟᱥᱞᱤᱞᱟ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱩᱛᱨᱚᱫᱷᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱛᱨᱤᱛᱚᱢᱵᱤ, ᱱᱚᱴᱚ ᱯᱩᱝᱜ ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱢᱤᱭᱛᱮᱭ ᱛᱳᱢᱟᱵ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢᱯᱟᱨᱤᱠ  ᱢᱟᱭᱵᱤ ᱡᱟᱜᱚᱭ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱭᱵᱤ ᱴᱷᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱠᱚ
᱑᱙᱕0 ᱠᱚᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱵᱷᱮᱨᱤ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱱᱚᱭᱚᱱᱟ, ᱨᱚᱱᱡᱚᱱᱟ,ᱥᱩᱵᱷᱮᱨᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱚᱨᱥᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱟᱛᱮᱫ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱢᱚᱬᱤᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱤᱢᱯᱷᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱫᱚᱞᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱳᱵᱤᱱᱫᱡᱤ ᱢᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ᱟᱠᱚ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱠᱛᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱚᱭᱤᱡ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱞᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱫ ᱢᱚᱬᱤᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱱᱚᱨᱛᱚᱱᱟᱞᱚᱭᱚ ᱑᱙᱗᱒ ᱨᱮᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ, ᱠᱳᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱢᱯᱷᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱯᱚᱞᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱚᱬᱤᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱜᱮᱠᱚ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱫᱚᱨᱥᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱚᱬᱤᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱤᱫᱤᱭᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤᱜᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ, ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ, ᱠᱚᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱟᱫᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾
ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ
ᱫᱚᱨᱥᱚᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱵᱷᱮᱨᱤ ᱑᱙᱙᱖ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱸᱜᱤᱛ ᱱᱟᱴᱚᱠ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱸᱜᱤᱛ ᱱᱟᱴᱚᱠ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱟᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱸᱜᱤᱛ ᱱᱟᱴᱚᱠ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱨᱟᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱒ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱚᱫᱽᱢᱚᱥᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱠᱟᱲᱤᱫᱟᱥ ᱥᱚᱱᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾
ᱱᱮᱭᱱᱤᱛᱟᱞ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱮᱭᱱᱤᱛᱟᱞ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱙᱕᱔,᱖᱐᱕ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱕᱗ ᱨᱮᱸᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ (ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [|᱖᱔᱐] ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ) ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱘᱓.᱘᱘ % ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱮᱵᱷᱚᱨᱮᱡᱽ ( average) ᱕᱙ᱹ᱕% ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱥᱤᱳ,᱑᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱮᱞᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱙᱓᱔ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱒᱕ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱠᱚᱭᱟᱨ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱑-᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱕.᱒ % ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ
ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱥᱟ.ᱦᱤᱛ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹᱛᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,ᱠᱩᱢᱳᱱᱤ (48%),ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ (39%),ᱩᱨᱫᱷᱩ (᱖.᱖%), ᱯᱩᱱᱡᱟᱵᱤ (᱒.᱑%), ᱜᱚᱨᱦᱣᱟᱞᱤ (᱑.᱖%), ᱵᱷᱚᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨᱤ (0.᱗᱐%), ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞᱤ (0.᱖᱓%) ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱠᱥᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱨᱟᱢᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱧᱮᱞᱡᱚᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ
ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱧᱮᱞᱡᱚᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱭᱱᱤᱛᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱠ (nainital lake) ,ᱱᱚᱭᱱᱟ ᱯᱤᱠ ᱘᱖᱒᱒ ᱯᱷᱩᱴ (naina Peak 8622ft), ᱦᱤᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ ᱫᱚᱨᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱪᱚ ᱡᱚᱱ (Himalaya Darshan & Echo Zone), ᱦᱚᱱᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱨᱦᱤ (Hanumangarhi) ᱟᱨ ᱯᱴ. ᱡ.ᱵ. ᱯᱚᱱᱛ ᱦᱟᱤ ᱟᱞᱴᱤᱴᱭᱩᱰ ᱡᱩᱩ (Pt. G.B. Pant High Altitude Zoo),ᱱᱚᱭᱱᱤᱛᱟᱞ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ (Nainital) ᱾
ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱚᱢᱚᱱ
ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱤᱢᱵᱚᱫᱚᱱᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱮᱭᱱᱤᱛᱟᱞ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱠᱨᱟᱹᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱭᱱᱟ (ᱢᱮᱫ)eye ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱢᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱢᱤᱱ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱷᱟ.ᱠᱨᱟ.ᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ  ᱥᱤᱵᱽ ᱴᱷᱟ.ᱠᱩᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱮᱫᱮ ᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠlake ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ("ᱱᱚᱭᱱᱟ" ᱢᱟᱱᱮ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ "ᱛᱟᱞ" ᱢᱟᱱᱮ ᱞᱮᱠlake) ᱾ ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱚᱭᱱᱤᱛᱟᱞ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ "ᱱᱚᱭᱱᱟ" ᱟᱨ "ᱛᱟᱞ" ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱚᱢᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱮᱸ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ
ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟᱨᱮ ᱑᱘᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱠᱷᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱤᱹᱜᱟᱨᱰᱤᱱᱚᱨ E. Gardinerᱫᱚ ᱤᱸᱜᱽᱨᱟᱹᱡᱤ ᱢᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱘ ᱢᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱑᱘᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱰᱤᱵᱷᱤᱡᱚᱱᱨᱮ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱚᱝᱜᱮ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱑᱘᱔᱗ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱧᱮᱧᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱧᱮᱞᱡᱚᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱴᱭᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱯᱤ. ᱵᱷᱤ. ᱥᱤᱱᱫᱷᱩ
ᱯᱩᱥᱟᱨᱞᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱝᱠᱚᱴᱟ ᱥᱤᱱᱫᱷᱩ (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱕ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱑᱙᱙᱕) ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱨᱚᱯᱷᱮᱥᱚᱱᱟᱞ ᱵᱮᱰᱢᱤᱱᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱤᱱᱫᱷᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱞᱚᱢᱯᱤᱠᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤ.ᱰᱚᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱯᱷ ᱥᱟᱨᱠᱤᱴ, ᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱣᱟᱞᱰ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱚᱱᱥᱤᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱱᱟᱭ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱤᱱᱫᱷᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱰᱢᱤᱱᱴᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱣᱟᱞᱰ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱻᱵᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱞᱟᱢᱯᱤᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱰᱟᱞ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾
Sindhu broke into the top 20 of the BWF World Ranking in September 2012, at the age of 17. Beginning in 2013, she won a medal at every world championships, with the exception of 2015. She is just the second woman after Zhang Ning to win five or more medals at the world championships. She represented India at the 2016 Summer Olympics (Rio), becoming the first Indian badminton player to reach a final. She won the silver medal after losing out to Spain's Carolina Marin. She made her second consecutive Olympic appearance at the 2020 Summer Olympics (Tokyo) and won a bronze medal, becoming the first Indian woman ever to win two Olympic medals.
Sindhu won her first superseries title at the 2016 China Open and followed it up with four more finals in 2017, winning the titles in South Korea and India. In addition to that, she has won a silver medal each at the 2018 Commonwealth Games and 2018 Asian Games, and two bronze medals at the Uber Cup.
With earnings of US$8.5 million and $5.5 million respectively, Sindhu made the Forbes' list of Highest-Paid Female Athletes in 2018 and 2019. She is the recipient of the sports honour Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna, and India's fourth highest civilian award, the Padma Shri. She was also honoured with Padma Bhushan, the third highest civilian award in India, in January 2020.
Early life and training
Sindhu lives in Hyderabad, Telangana. She was educated at Auxilium High School, Hyderabad and at St. Ann's College for Women, Hyderabad. Though her parents played professional volleyball, she chose badminton over it because she drew inspiration from the success of Pullela Gopichand, the 2001 All England Open Badminton Champion. She eventually started playing badminton from the age of eight. She first learned the basics of the sport with the guidance of Mehboob Ali at the badminton courts of Indian Railway Institute of Signal Engineering and Telecommunications in Secunderabad. Soon after, she joined Pullela Gopichand's Gopichand Badminton Academy. While profiling her career, a correspondent with The Hindu wrote:"'The fact that she reports on time at the coaching camps daily, traveling a distance of 56 km from her residence, is perhaps a reflection of her willingness to complete her desire to be a good badminton player with the required hard work and commitment.'"Gopichand seconded this correspondent's opinion when he said that "the most striking feature in Sindhu's game is her attitude and the never-say-die spirit." After joining Gopichand's badminton academy, Sindhu won several titles. In the under-10 years category, she won the 5th Servo All India ranking championship in the doubles category and the singles title at the Ambuja Cement All India ranking. In the under-13 years category, she won the singles title at the Sub-juniors in Pondicherry, doubles titles at the Krishna Khaitan All India Tournament IOC All India Ranking, the Sub-Junior Nationals and the All India Ranking in Pune. She also won the under-14 team gold medal at the 51st National State Games in India. She later parted company with Gopichand and chose South Korean coach Park Tae-sang.
2009–2011
Sindhu entered the international circuit at a young age of 14. She was a bronze medallist at the 2009 Sub-Junior Asian Badminton Championships held in Colombo. At the 2010 Iran Fajr International Badminton Challenge, she won the silver medal in the singles category. She reached the quarterfinals of the 2010 BWF World Junior Championships that was held in Mexico where she lost to Chinese Suo Di in a 3-gamer.
In 2011, She won Maldives International Challenge in June defeating compatriot P.C. Thulasi. She also won Indonesia International Challenge next month. She was the finalist at the Dutch Open where she lost to home player Yao Jie with scores 16–21, 17–21. Her successful run continued after she won Swiss International beating Carola Bott of Germany in the Final. She lost in second round of 2011 BWF World Junior Championships to Yuki Fukushima in a very close match 21–15, 18–21, 21–23. She won India International badminton event later in the year, defeating Sayali Gokhale.
2012
A 16-year-old Sindhu went on to compete at the All England Open Championships as a qualifier. She reached the main draw but lost to Tai Tzu-ying in 3 games. On 7 July 2012, she won Asian Junior Championships beating Japanese Player Nozomi Okuhara in final by 18–21, 21–17, 22–20. In the Li Ning China Masters Super Series tournament she stunned London 2012 Olympics gold medallist Li Xuerui, beating her 21–19, 9–21, 21–16 and entered the semi-finals. however she lost to 4th seeded Jiang Yanjiao of China by 10–21, 21–14, 19–21 in next round.