cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Alimansi Kadogo
Kadogo yakiniye Polisi FC yo mu Rwanda, afasha iyi kipe kugera ku mwanya wa kabiri muri Shampiyona y’umupira wamaguru mu Rwanda muri 2011–12 ndetse no gushaka itike yo kujya mu gikombe cya CAF muri 2013.
Ihuza ryo hanze
Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Uganda
Dorper Wind Farm (Imbaraga z'amashanyarazi ziva mu muyaga)
Sitasiyo ya Dorper Wind Power ni sitasiyo ikusanya imbaraga z'umuyaga ikazibyazamo amashanyarazi angana na Megawatt 100 (horsepower 130,000) bityo bigatuma ikora urugomero rw'amashanyarazi ruherereye mu ntara ya Cape y'Iburasirazuba muri Afurika y'Epfo.
Ibikorwa by'ubucuruzi bya sitasiyo y’amashanyarazi byatangiye mu mwaka wa 2020, ndetse n'imbaraga zikurwa mururwo rugomero zigurishwa muri sosiyete y'igihugu ikora amashanyarazi muri Afurika y'epfo Eskom, hashingiwe ku masezerano y’imyaka 20 yo kugura amashanyarazi (PPA).
Aho biherereye
Iyo sitasiyo y’amashanyarazi iherereye hafi ya Molteno, mu Mujyi wa Enoki Mgijima, mu Ntara ya Cape.
Incamake
Sitasiyo y'amashanyarazi igizwe na turbine 40 zifata umuyaga zo mu bwoko bwa Nordex N100, buri imwe ikaba ifite megawatt 2,5 igiteranyo cyose hamwe n'ubushobozi bwa MW 100.
Abashinzwe iterambere
Sitasiyo y'amashanyarazi yatejwe imbere kandi ifitwe n'ishyirahamwe rya IPP mpuzamahanga n'abanyemari. Sitasiyo y'amashanyarazi yubatswe, iterwa inkunga kandi ikoreshwa n'ishyirahamwe ryoherejwe na Sumitomo Corporation na Rainmaker Energy.
Barcarena, Pará
Ubukungu bw'umujyi ahanini bushingiye k'ubuhinzi na mabuye ya gaciro yitwa bauxite. Hari nibikoresho bikora amabuye yagaciro [pig iron] hafi aho. Umujyi n'icyambu biratera imbere nk'icyambu kinini cyohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bihujwe na gari ya moshi iva ku cyambu kiri hafi imbere, uvuye hirya no hino muri Burezile ,bikihutisha ibicuruzwa bikanagabanya igihe n'igiciro bitandukanye n'icyambu gakondo kinini kiri mu majyepfo yiburasirazuba.
Amateka
Umujyi wabanje guturwa nabahinde ba Aruá. Mu 1709, Abajezuwiti baraza.
Impanuka yo gutwara ibicuruzwa mu 2015
Ku ya 6 Ukwakira 2015, ubwato bw’amatungo "MV Haidar" bwarohamye ku cyambu cya Vila do Conde kubera kunanirwa guhindura inzira. Cyari gifite inka nzima 4900 hamwe na toni zigera kuri 700 z'amavuta. Inka 4.400 zarohamye mugihe zifungiye mumizigo yubwato. Amatungo agera kuri 500 yashoboraga kwigobotora, ariko abagera ku 100 gusa ni yo yarokotse iyo mpanuka. lisansi n'amavuta byinjiye mu bisigazwa mu mazi maze byanduza uruzi rwa Pará ndetse n'umucanga wo kunkombe uhakikije, byatumye imiryango myinshi y'abarobyi ibura amaramuko. Kubera ko ikurwaho rya peteroli ryagaragaye ko rigoye, kandi nta bwumvikane bujyanye n’inshingano ndetse n’ingamba zikwiye zo gusukura zishobora kugerwaho, imirambo amagana yaboreye ku mucanga no mu bisigazwa by'ubwato amezi menshi - umutwaro munini ku burobyi n’ubukerarugendo bwo mu karere. Minisiteri y’ububanyi n’amahanga ibifitiye ububasha yagereranije ibyangiritse ku baturage ko ari miliyoni 71 yamareais (hafi miliyoni 21 US $). Muri Nyakanga 2016 nta kintu cyari cyarishyuwe.
Ikirere
Barcarena ifite ikirere gikunda kugira imvura gifite imvura igereranije kuva Kanama kugeza Ugushyingo n' imvura nyinshi cyane  mumezi asigaye.
Icyerekezo 2050
Ni inzozi ariko icyo gihe u Rwanda ruzaba rwararenze 2050, umwaka rwihaye wo kuzaba ruri mu bihugu byateye imbere, aho rwiyemeje kubakira ubukungu ku ikoranabuhanga, ubumenyi bwibanda ku guhanga udushya no kurengera ibidukikije.
Kigali nk’Umujyi uzaba warahindutse icyitegererezo cya Afurika n’Isi muri rusange, hahanzwe amaso imishinga y’udushya izatuma bigerwaho by’umwihariko iy’ikoranabuhanga.
Urabona uko abantu basigaye bahaha batavuye mu ngo, ibibereye aho ari ho hose ukabimenya utahageze kubera internet inyaruka. Waba utekereza uko byaba bisa mu gihe abagenzi bazaba bifashisha imodoka ziguruka kandi zitwara [zidakenera umushoferi]?
Benshi batunguwe na “Sofia” ikwandikira amande warenze ku mategeko y’umuhanda. Ibyo navuga ko “bitarenze” nka ya mvugo y’ababyiruka, mbigereranyije no kuba umunyabyaha yashakishwa akanafatwa na robots zikora neza nk’abapolisi cyangwa abagenzacyaha.
Ikoranabuhanga rizaba ari nkenerwa nk’amazi ubura ugapfa
Ishusho y’ikoranabuhanga rihari uyu munsi ryagezweho ahanini mu myaka 20 ishize kandi abize Kaminuza bari mbarwa kuko nko mu 2000 bari bageze kuri 0,1%. Uyu munsi harabarurwa abarenga ibihumbi 10 barangiza kaminuza buri mwaka biyongera ku barangiza amashuri makuru mu masomo y’imyuga n’ubumenyingiro.
Byumvikane ko abazana udushya ari ko biyongera, rya koranabuhanga hifuzwa ko Kigali iba igicumbi cyaryo muri Afurika rikaguka. Tekereza ibi byose bikozwe muri iyo myaka, wibaze ngo nyuma y’indi nk’iyo inshuro ebyiri bizaba bisa bite?
Inzitizi
Mu nzego zose uyu munsi hageze ikoranabuhanga. Inzitizi zigihari zishingiye ku mikoro n’abaturage batariga 100%, n’ubushobozi bw’abarizana batarabasha kwihaza mu kurigeza kuri benshi ndetse n’igihugu kikarishyigikira ariko nacyo kigikeneye ubufasha.
Reka dufate umunsi umwe wumve uko uzajya ugenda hashingiwe no ku byo wamaze kwiyumvira n’amatwi yawe.
Murandasi
Izo zatangiye kugeragezwa muri bimwe mu bihugu byateye imbere kuko Sosiyete ya Tesla y’umunyemari, Elon Musk, iherutse no gutangaza ko izo yakoze zitekanye.
Bimaze kukugeraho, birashoboka cyane ko utazabikoraho ukohereza robot kubifata ikanabitunganya, ugafata ifunguro ry’igitondo.
Robots
Robots zizaba ari nyinshi kuko abana benshi muri Kigali bari kwigishwa kuzikora nuko ari amikoro ataraboneka ngo imishinga ishorwemo imari zigaragare mu kazi.
Hari amahirwe menshi ko akazi uzaba uri kugakorera iwawe kabone nubwo nta cyorezo kizaba gihari. Impamvu ni uko guhura bizaba bitagikenewe cyane kuko ibisabwa byose ngo abantu buzuze inshingano bizaba bihari, haba ibikoresho na internet inyaruka.
Niba bikenewe ko mukora inama murebana hazifashishwa amashusho, guterura cyangwa gupanga ibintu runaka hitabazwe robots.
Microship
Hari abakora bananywa ikawa. Kwiyongera indi mu gikombe, gufunga no gufungura urugi, gukura ijambo banga muri mudasobwa na telefoni byawe utabikozeho bizaba bishoboka. Kwandika uzabasha kubikora udakanze ‘keyboard’ kandi byose byihute kurusha uko biri none.
Aho ni microchip izabigufashamo. Henshi yarageragejwe byemezwa ko ikora neza ku buryo n’uwagagaye bayimutera agakora kurusha abazima. Ushobora no kuyishyuriraho, ikagufasha kugaragaza ko utakatiwe n’inkiko kandi ikerekana indwara z’akarande urwaye.
Isuku y‘imyenda ikorwa n’imashini, gusukura inzu byo mu Rwanda urabizi birakorwa nta muntu uhinjiye iyo basukura ahakekwa Covid-19. Ni robots zibikora.
Icyerekezo 2050
Inyandiko ikubiyemo intego z’Icyerekezo 2050, iragira iti “Ibigomba kwibandwaho birimo kurushanwa n’abandi mu bukungu hashingiwe ku ikoranabuhanga, guhanga ibishya, ubushakashatsi, ibikorwaremezo byiza, korohereza ishoramari, kimwe n’ibindi bikorwa biciriritse nko kuzamura umusaruro mu rwego rw’inganda n’abakozi.”
Igihugu nikiba cyarageze kuri iyo ntego, nta gushidikanya ko mu myaka 10 izakurikiraho ibyavuzwe haruguru bizaba bihari.
Mu gihe u Rwanda rumaze gufata inzira igana mu cyerekezo 2050, abikorera bo mu Rwanda basobanura ko biteguye kugira uruhare rukomeye kurushaho kuzamura urwego rwo kwizigamira amafaranga agamije kuzunganira ayo bakura mu bigo by’imari.
Gatsibo hatewe ibiti byimbuto birenga ibihumbi 38
Ubuyobozi bw’Akarere ka Gatsibo bwatangije igikorwa cyo gutera ibiti by’imbuto kuva ku nyubako za Leta, ku mihanda n’ahandi hahurira abantu benshi, muri gahunda yiswe ’Gatsibo igwije imbuto’.
Icyerekezo 2050
Icyerekezo 2050
Nyuma y’uko icyerekezo 2020 kigeze ku musozo kandi kikaba cyarasize igihugu hari intambwe igaragara giteye mu nzego zinyuranye z’ubuzima bwacyo harimo n’ubukungu; kuva muri uyu mwaka u Rwanda rwatangiye icyerekezo 2050.
Gatsibo hatewe ibiti byimbuto birenga ibihumbi 38
Ni igikorwa cyatangijwe kuri uyu wa Gatandatu tariki ya 29 Ukwakira mu muganda rusange wanitabiriwe n’Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Minisiteri y’Ubutabera, Amb. Solina Nyirahabimana.
Gatsibo igwije imbuto, ni gahunda yatangiye abakozi b’Akarere buri wese yicukurira imyobo mu busitani bw’Akarere agateramo ibiti azajya akurikirana umunsi ku munsi kugeza byeze.
Icyerekezo 2050
Icyerekezo 2050
Iki cyerekezo gikubiyemo ibice bibiri aho kugeza mu mwaka wa 2035 umunyarwanda zaba yinjiza amafranga atari munsi ya miliyoni 4 ku mwaka, mu gihe mu mwaka wa 2050 nyirizina umunyarwanda azaba abasha kubona miliyoni zitari munsi ya 12 mu mwaka.
Gatsibo hatewe ibiti byimbuto birenga ibihumbi 38
Muri iyi gahunda haterwa ibiti by’imbuto birimo avoka, imyembe, amacunga, amapera, ibifenesi, ibinyomoro n’izindi mbuto zitandukanye.
Icyerekezo 2050
Icyerekezo 2050
Iki cyerekezo cy’ubukungu kizagirwamo uruhare rukomeye n’abikorera aho basobanura ko biteguye gukora byinshi mu kukigeraho, ariko cyane cyane harebwa ibijyanye no kwizigamira kugirango bunganire amafranga aturuka mu mabanki.
Gatsibo hatewe ibiti byimbuto birenga ibihumbi 38
Umuyobozi w’Akarere ka Gatsibo, Gasana Richard, yavuze ko iyi gahunda yemejwe n’inama Njyanama, ikaba na gahunda ya Guverinoma y’imyaka irindwi, aho buri muturage agomba kugira ibiti by’imbuto nibura bitatu.
Yagize ati "Ku ikubitiro turatera ku nyubako z’ubuyobozi butandukanye, ku Karere, ku mirenge, ku tugari, ku nsengero, ku mashuri n’ahandi henshi. Hose hamwe tuzatera ibiti ibihumbi 38 mu cyiciro cya mbere."
Icyerekezo 2050
Icyerekezo 2050
Usibye ibirebana no kuzigama ku banyenganda kugira ngo bashobore kubona imari ihagije yo gushora, abari mu rwego rw’inganda basobanura ko hanakenewe ubumenyi buhagije muri uru rwego kugirango ababufite cyane cyane urubyiruko bashobore gutanga umusaruro ufatika.
Gatsibo hatewe ibiti byimbuto birenga ibihumbi 38
Meya Gasana yakomeje avuga ko mu cyiciro cya kabiri bazatangira mu mwaka utaha, bazaha urubyiruko rw’abakorerabushake akazi ko gukora ubuhumbikiro, hanyuma Akarere kabagurire bya biti bihabwe abaturage babitere mu ngo zabo.
Icyerekezo 2050
Icyerekezo 2050
Mu cyerekezo 2050 kandi biteganijwe ko leta igenda iva mu ishoramari buhoro buhoro aho irya leta rizagera ku gipimo cya 8% rivuye kuri 12% ririho ubu. Abaturage basobanura ko ikibareba ari ukuvana amaboko mu mufuka bagakora kugirango bashobore kugera ku cyerekezo gifite kinini kivuze mu bukungu bw’igihugu n’imibereho myiza y’abaturage muri rusange.
Gatsibo hatewe ibiti byimbuto birenga ibihumbi 38
Yavuze ko bateganyije miliyoni 250 Frw zo gushora muri ibi bikorwa, aya mafaranga yose akaba agenewe guhemba urubyiruko rw’abakorerabushake ruzakurikirana icyo gikorwa.
Icyerekezo 2050
Icyerekezo 2050
Bimwe mu bizafasha kugera ku cyerecyezo 2050 harimo ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga mu nzego zose, guhanga udushya kandi igihugu kikubabikira ubukungu bwacyo ku bumenyi.
Gatsibo hatewe ibiti byimbuto birenga ibihumbi 38
Ati "Turashaka ko umwaka utaha umuntu uzajya ugenda akarere kacu aho azajya anyura hose azajya abona ibiti by’imbuto byafashe, ku buryo mu myaka itatu tuzaba dufite imbuto nyinshi zitandukanye."
Icyerekezo 2050
Icyerekezo 2050
Ikindi kizashyirwamo imbaraga ni gahunda yo kureshya abashoramari kugirango umusaruro w’uru rwego ukomeze kuzamuka. Mu mwaka ushize wa 2019 ishoramari ry’u Rwanda ryari kuri miliyari 2.4 z’amadolari mu gihe mu mwaka wa 2018 ryari kuri miliyari 2.1 z’amadorali.
Gatsibo hatewe ibiti byimbuto birenga ibihumbi 38
Bamwe mu baturage bo mu Murenge wa Kabarore bishimiye iyi gahunda yo gutera ibiti by’imbuto ku mihanda, biyemeza kujya babyuhira umunsi ku munsi mu gushyigikira ubuyobozi.
Icyerekezo 2050
Imodoka zitwara kandi zinaguruka
Umushinga w’imodoka zigendera ku migozi wabaye kimomo benshi mu batuye Kigali barawiteguye. Zizaba zahageze bitarenze 2024.
Gatsibo hatewe ibiti byimbuto birenga ibihumbi 38
Muhongerwe Emiliene yagize ati "Ziriya mbuto nizera zizajya zigaburirwa abana bacu ku mashuri. Ikindi bizajya bifasha mu gukurura imvura n’umuyaga mwiza, njye rero niyemeje kujya mbisukira biriya byo ku mihanda kuko nahaye agaciro imbaraga abayobozi bakoresheje zo kuduterera ibiti."
Icyerekezo 2050
Imikoranire na Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abarabu(UAE)
Ku rundi ruhande, Minisitiri w’Ikorabuhanga na Inovasiyo, Ingabire Paula, aherutse gutangaza ko u Rwanda rwifuza gukorana na Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abarabu (UAE) mu ikoranabuhanga.
Gatsibo hatewe ibiti byimbuto birenga ibihumbi 38
Pasiteri wa Revelation Church mu Murenge wa Kabarore, Rusaga Alex, yavuze ko nk’abanyamadini biyemeje ko nibura buri torero rigomba gutera ibiti 50 by’imbuto.
Ubuhinzi & Ubworozi Australiya
Inyama & Ubworozi Australiya ni sosiyete yigenga igenga ibipimo ngenderwaho mu micungire y’inyama n’amatungo ku masoko ya Ositaraliya n’amahanga. Icyicaro gikuru kiri mu majyaruguru ya Sydney muri Ositaraliya ; M&LA ikorana cyane na guverinoma ya Ositarariya, n’inganda z’inyama n’ubworozi. Nu buyobozi bu tandukanye, M&LA ifite uruhare runini mubice by'imari, ibya leta nu bushakashatsi. Itsinda ry’ibigo M&LA rikora ubushakashatsi kandi ritanga serivisi zo kwamamaza ku bakora inyama, inzego za leta n’abasesengura isoko. Ihuriro nibikorwa nabyo bikoreshwa na M&LA bigamije guha abaproducer amahirwe yo kwishimana nabandi bitabiriye gutanga isoko. alt=Black and white spotted cow behind barred fence|thumb| M&LA ikora ubushakashatsi kubyerekeye umusaruro winyama zitukura no gukoresha muri Ositaraliya Icyorezo cya Corona cya hungabanije amasoko yu bukungu nu musaruro ku isi. Icyorezo cya COVID nacyo cyagize ingaruka ku kwinjiza amatsinda ya M&LA. Mu mwaka w’ingengo y’imari wa 2019–20, M&LA yinjije muri rusange amadori miliyoni 269.7. M&LA yagize igabanuka rya 0.1 ku ijana mu kwinjiza ugereranije n’umwaka w’ingengo y’imari wa 2018–19, aho itsinda ry’ibigo ryinjije amadorari miliyoni 269.9.
Gatsibo hatewe ibiti byimbuto birenga ibihumbi 38
Amashakiro
http://mobile.igihe.com/ibidukikije/article/muri-gatsibo-hagiye-guterwa-ibiti-by-imbuto-birenga-ibihumbi-38
Icyerekezo 2050
Imikoranire na Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abarabu(UAE)
Umujyi wa Dubai ubarizwa muri icyo gihugu n’Umurwa mukuru wacyo Abu Dhabi yashyizwe muri 30 ya mbere ku Isi ku rutonde rwa “Smart City Index 2021”. Rukorwa na Kaminuza y’Abasuwisi, IMD, ifatanyije n’iya SUTD yo muri Singapore.
Ubuhinzi & Ubworozi Australiya
Itsinda rusange
Itsinda rya M&LA ryashinzwe nyuma yo guhuza ikigo cy’inyama n’ubworozi cya Ositaraliya (AMLC) n’ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi ku nyama (MRC) cyemerera abikorera ku giti cyabo izo nzego za leta mu 1998. Itsinda ryi bigo bya M&LA ryashinzwe imirimo yubushakashatsi niterambere rya AMLC nintego ya MRC yo gutanga inkunga yumusaruro.
Icyerekezo 2050
Imikoranire na Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abarabu(UAE)
Rushingira ku dushya n’ikoranabuhanga birangwa muri iyo mijyi n’ibindi bifasha guteza imbere imibereho myiza, uko ibikorwa by’amajyambere bihari bingana na serivisi zihaboneka no kurushanwa hagenzurwa ko ibikenewe ubu bihari kandi ibizakenerwa mu bihe bizaza biboneka haba mu bukungu, imibereho no kubungabunga ibidukikije.
Indyo ya karubone nkeya
thumb| Imboga ni karubone nkeya ugereranije ninyama. Indyo ya karubone nkeya bivuga guhitamo ubuzima bujyanye no kurya ibiryo kugirango ugabanye ibyuka bihumanya ikirere. Guhitamo indyo yuzuye ya karubone nimwe mu bice byo guteza imbere indyo irambye yo ngerera igihe kirekire ikiremwamuntu.
Ubuhinzi & Ubworozi Australiya
Ihuza ryo hanze
Ikiciro:Ibidukikije
Icyerekezo 2050
Imikoranire na Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abarabu(UAE)
Kigali ntigaragara kuri urwo rutonde rugizwe n’imijyi 118. Kuba ibihugu byombi byakorana birumvikana ko hari intego z’imishinga y’ikoranabuhanga byazafashanyamo.
Indyo ya karubone nkeya
Inkomoko yinyongera
Ikiciro:Ibidukikije
Abaturage b’i Kabare igihombo cy’Imvubu zibonera imyaka
thumb|Imvubu Abaturage bo mu Murenge wa Kabare basaba gushakira igisubizo ikibazo cy’imvubu ziri mu idamu yubatswe zikaba zibonera imyaka; Ubuyobozi bw’Akarere ka Kayonza buvuga ko buzabakorera ubuvugizi.
Icyerekezo 2050
Imikoranire na Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abarabu(UAE)
Nk’ubu i Dubai hari umushinga w’imodoka ziguruka kandi zitwara, zizatwara abagenzi batarenza urugendo rw’iminota 30. Zizaba zikoresha amashanyarazi ku buryo zitangiza ibidukikije.
Abaturage b’i Kabare igihombo cy’Imvubu zibonera imyaka
Ibyo wamenya
Ni ikibazo kigaragazwa n’abaturage bo mu Kagari ka Gitara bari mu bavuga ko bonerwa imyaka n’imvubu zaje zivuye muri Pariki y’Akagera. Bavuga ko bwa mbere yaje ari imwe y’ikigabo haza kuza ikigore zibyara kabiri, nyuma yaho imwe yaje kuraswa ubu hasigayemo eshatu. Izi mvubu aho ziri ni mu idamu yubakiwe abaturage mu rwego rwo kubafasha kubona amazi yo kuhira imyaka yabo. Abaturage bavuga ko umunsi ku wundi iyi damu igenda yiyongera ubunini bituma batakigira ikibazo cyo kuhira imyaka yabo, ni idamu aba baturage bakorewe mu mwaka wa 2018.
Icyerekezo 2050
Imikoranire na Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abarabu(UAE)
Umushinga nk’uwo ntabwo Kigali izamara imyaka 40 itarawuyoboka mu gihe ubwo bufatanye bw’u Rwanda na UAE bwazaba buhamye.
Abaturage b’i Kabare igihombo cy’Imvubu zibonera imyaka
Amashakiro
Ikiciro:Ibidukikije
Icyerekezo 2050
Imikoranire na Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abarabu(UAE)
Uretse ibyo kandi Dubai ifite gahunda yo kugira robots zikora nk’abapolisi zikagenza ibyaha zikora iperereza ndetse zigata muri yombi abanyabyaha.
Amahirwe yo kuba 2060 hazagera Kigali yarimakaje ikoranabuhanga nk’iryo uwavuga ko ari menshi ntiyaba agiye kure ushingiye kuri camera zifotora abarenze ku mategeko y’umuhanda zimakajwe.
Ingamba
Ingamba zihari uyu munsi zaguha ishusho y’uko mu myaka 40 iri imbere Kigali izaba isa ku birebana no kurengera ibidukikije.
Ni ha hantu uzaba ugenda nta ’plastique’ uca iryera, imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi nta myuka ihumanya zisohora, imyanda itaba mu bimoteri ahubwo yinjiriza ba nyir’ingo, ibiti ku mihanda bizana amahumbezi ndetse hari inyubako nyinshi zikoresha ingufu z’imirasire y’izuba aho guhanga amaso amashanyarazi akomoka ahandi.
Urubuga rwa Global Vision International rugaragaza ko umujyi utonona ibidukikije ari uwaciye plastiques zipfunyikwamo rimwe ukimakaza gupfunyika mu mpapuro n’ibindi bibora.
Akarima k'Igikoni
thumb|Akarima k'igikoni thumb|Umurima Akarima k’igikoni kazanwe na Guverinoma y’u Rwanda mu gufasha ingo nyinshi kurwanya imirire mibi n’igwingira byagaragaraga mu bana ndetse no mu bantu bakuru nka bumwe mu buryo bwo kwishakamo ibisubizo uRwanda rugenda rugira.
Icyerekezo 2050
Ingamba
Kuri icyo, intambwe ifatika yaratewe muri Kigali, hagezweho guhagarika n’amacupa ya plastiques apfunyikwamo amazi rimwe ndetse inkwakuzi zamaze gukora ay’ibirahuri. Uruganda rwa Inyange rukorera i Masaka ruherutse kuyamurika.
Akarima k'Igikoni
Temenye gahunda y'Akarima k'Igikoni
thumb|akarima ko munsi y'urugo Minisitiri w’Uburinganire n’Iterambere ry’Umuryango yatangije ku mugaragaro ubukangurambaga bw’ukwezi bwo kubaka mu gihugu hose uturima tw’igikoni nka bumwe mu buryo bwo kurwanya imirire mibi itera abana kugwingira.Yabutangirije mu Karere ka Nyaruguru kuri tariki ya 6 Gicurasi mu mwaka 2022 aho yifatanyije n’abayobozi ndetse n’abaturage gutera imboga mu turima tw’igikoni twubatswe. Yavuze ko iyo gahunda yatangirijwe mu Karere ka Nyaruguru kuko kari mu dufite abana benshi bagwingiye kuko imibare yo mu mu mwaka 2020 yerekana ko bari kuri 39,1% kakaba ku mwanya wa cyenda mu gihugu mu kugira abana benshi bafite icyo kibazo.Ati “Kugwingira ku mwana ni ikintu gikomeye cyane kuko kimubuza kuzaba umwe mu Banyarwanda bashoboye bazageza igihugu cyacu aho twifuza.Iyo ufite umurima w’igikoni urya imboga zikungahaye ku ntungamubiri kuko uzisoroma ako kanya ugahita uziteka, biruta kwa kundi ushobora kujya kuzigura ku isoko n’uwagiye kuzigurisha yarazisoromye nk’ejo cyangwa ejobundi zanambye zimwe muri za ntungamubiri zatakaye. thumb|imiterere 'akarima k'igikoni
Icyerekezo 2050
Ingamba
Ikindi rugaragaza ni ukuba uwo mujyi ufite aho abawubamo baruhukira kandi hahora hasukuye.
Akarima k'Igikoni
Umumaro w'Akarima k'Igikoni
Kubona imboga zo kurya si uguhora utanga amafaranga buri munsi ku bacuruzi, nawe ushobora guhinga akarima k’igikoni ugashyiramo za mboga zose ugura ya mafaranga uhora utanga akagabanuka cyane akaba yakoreshwa n’ibindi.Akarima k’igikoni ni kimwe mu bifasha mu kurwanya imirire mibi n’igwingira, gafasha kandi mu kuba umuntu yakwirinda gusesagura amafaranga biciye mu kugura zimwe mu mboga, ibitunguru n’ibindi umuntu yakwihingiye ariko ajya gushaka ku isoko. Ubushakashatsi ku buzima n’imibereho by’abaturage, RDHS (Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey) bwakoze mu 2020 n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare [NISR], bwerekana ko 33% by’abana bari munsi y’imyaka itanu mu Rwanda bafite ikibazo cyo kugwingira. Ni mu gihe gahunda ya guverinoma y’u Rwanda ari uko mu 2024 bazaba ari 19%.Mu gihe gahunda ya Guverinoma y’imyaka irindwi yo kwihutisha iterambere iteganya ko mu 2024 abana bazaba bafite ikibazo cy’igwingira bazaba bageze kuri 19%, gahunda yo guhinga imboga mu turima tw’igikoni iri mu bifasha uturere muri gahunda yo kwihutisha gahunda yo kurwanya imirire mibi n’igwingira. thumb|Akarima k'igikoni ni akarima gato bahinga munsi yurugo,bahingamo imboga nibindi bigoboka urugo umuntu atajya guhaha
Icyerekezo 2050
Car free zone
Niba warageze muri “Car free zone” cyangwa imbere y’Ibiro by’Umujyi wa Kigali wabonye aho abantu baruhukira bakoresha Wifi y’ubuntu, bugamye izuba kandi hari umwuka mwiza kubera indabo n’ibiti bihateye.
Akarima k'Igikoni
Ibindi Twamenya
Ku bijyanye na gahunda ya SPRP ibafasha mu kurwanya imirire mibi, bavuze ko yabafashije cyane kuko hari ababyeyi benshi bafashijwe, abajyanama b’ubuzima mu gukurikirana abana ndetse no gufasha mu guhugura abakozi n’abandi bantu batandukanye mu bijyanye no kurwanya igwingira ry’abana bato. Iyo ufite imbuga nto ushatse watekereza kuhashyira akarima k’igikoni, uretse ibyo ushobora no gufata imifuka ugashyiramo itaka ubundi ugashyiramo dodo, ibitunguru, karoti n’ibindi icya mbere ni ukugira ubushake ukumva ko amafaranga uhora utanga ku mboga wayasigasira.Kugira akarima k’igikoni rero si umuteguro no kugira ngo bigaragare ko gahari gusa nko kubahiriza umurongo w’igihugu, ahubwo akarima k’igikoni ni ako gukoresha gahingwamo imboga z’ubwoko butandukanye kugira ngo kunganire gahunda yo kurwanya imirire mibi abana bahura na yo bikaba byabatera no kugwingira.G ahunda yo kurandura burundu igwingira binyuze mu kwita ku karima k’igikoni ni gahunda yagezweho binyuze mu bukangurambaga mu baturage no gufatanya n’abafatanyabikorwa mu kurwanya imirire mibi n’igwingira.
Icyerekezo 2050
Pariki y'Ubukerarugendo
Si aho gusa kuko hari na Pariki y’Ubukerarugendo ya Nyandungu yamaze kuzura irimo aho kuruhukira ku babyifuza. Ku isuku ho si ngombwa kubigarukaho kuko n’imahanga Kigali irirahirwa.
Akarima k'Igikoni
Amashakiro
Ikiciro:Ibidukikije
Icyerekezo 2050
Indi mishinga
Ibyo byamaze kugerwaho ariko hari n’indi mishinga ihari nko gukora ikiyaga ahahoze inganda i Gikondo na Masaka n’ibindi bigamije kuryoshya Kigali ariko inahinduka inshuti y’ibidukikije.
Icya gatatu kirebwaho bivugwa ko umujyi runaka utonona ibidukikije, ni ugutunganya imyanda igakorwamo ibindi bifite akamaro. Iki nacyo cyaratangiye aho abatuye Kigali bigishijwe gutandukanya imyanda ibora n’itabora.
Ibora izakorwamo ifumbire yifashishwa mu buhinzi no gufumbira ibiti bikomeje kongerwa mu mujyi birimo n’ibyera imbuto ziribwa.
Itabora hari gahunda yo kuzayisubiza mu nganda igakorwamo ibindi bikoresho. Ubushobozi bwabyo ntiburaboneka neza ubu ariko mu myaka 40 iri imbere bizaba bimenyerewe nko gukaraba intoki.
Gahunda yatangiye kugerwaho ya moto n’imodoka bikoresha amashanyarazi, ishobora gutuma umuntu yoroherwa no kwiyumvisha ko mu 2060 bizaba bigoranye kubona ikinyabiziga gisohora imyotsi muri Kigali.
Inyubako zitangiza Ibidukikije
Inyubako nk’iz’Ikigo Norrsken (kiri ahahoze Ecole Belge) zubatswe mu buryo butangiza ibidukikije aho ibisenge byazo bizengurukijwe imirasire y’izuba; ni ishusho nto y’izizaba ziri muri Kigali Innovation City zo zizashyirwaho ibisenge bibyaza ingufu imirasire y’izuba.
Uwo ni umushinga wamaze gukorerwa igishushanyombonera uzaba uhurije hamwe ibikorwa bijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga, guhanga udushya n’ubumenyi. Uzakorerwa muri Gasabo hafi y’Icyanya cy’inganda.
Ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryawo rihanzwe amaso nk’ikimenyetso simusiga cy’uko Kigali ari igicumbi cy’ikoranabuhanga muri Afurika.
Imashini za MRI
Imashini za MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) zifite ubushobozi bwo gusuzuma indwara zo mu bwonko, umugongo, umutima, impyiko, umwijima n’izindi nyinshi zimaze kuba eshanu mu Rwanda.
Umurwayi ashobora guhabwa ubuvuzi bw’ibanze atavuye iwe ariko wibuke ko no kubaga bisigaye bishoboka umurwayi adasatuwe hanini.
Ikoranabuhanga nk’iryo n’irindi ryitezwe mu buvuzi rizatuma u Rwanda runateza imbere ubukerarugendo bushingiye ku buvuzi, aho abo mu Karere no ku Mugabane bazaba barugana.
Byumvikane ko ba barwayi bajya kwivuriza mu mahanga hakaba hari n’abapfa kubera gutinda kubona ubuvuzi babuze amatike, inkuru nk’izo zizaba ari amateka.
Ubumenyi bwibidukikije byose
Ubumenyi bwibidukikije byose ni icyumweru mpuzamahanga Urubyiruko rwasuzumye ikinyamakuru cya siyansi gikubiyemo ubumenyi bwa siyanse y' ibidukikije. Cyashinzwe mu 1972 kandi gitangazwa na Elsevier. Abanditsi bakuru ni Damià Barceló ( Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas ), Jay Gan ( kaminuza ya Californiya, Riverside ) na Philip Hopke ( kaminuza ya Rochester ). Nk’uko ikinyamakuru Citation Reports kibitangaza, iki kinyamakuru gifite ingaruka 2021 zingana na 10.753.
Impaka
Ingingo yo mu Kwakira 2020 ivuga ko udupfukamunwa dushobora gukumira COVID-19 byaje no kumenyekana mu bantu ndetse no mu bafatanya bikorwa b'bandits1 Kuva mu Gushyingo 2020, ingingo yari "gukuraho by'agateganyo". Nyuma yaje gukurwaho k'ubusabe bw'abanditsi.
Kubungabunga amashyamba
thumb|amashyamba
TUBUNGABUGE AMASHYAMBA
kubungabunga amashyamba ndetse n'ibinyabuzima biyatuye kuko bifitiye akamaro gakomeye ubuzima bwa muntu hamwe n'ibidukikije muri rusange, ubusanzwe amashyamba afatiye runini ubuzima bwa muntu bishingiye kubyo akenera kugirango ahumeke neza.
Muri ibyo harimo kuba ishyamba ribika carbone ndetse rikanayifata kugirango itangiza umwuka duhumeka kandi akaba ariryo ritanga umwuka duhumeka ukenewe cyane kuri buri kinyabuzima gituye isi, akaba ariyo mpanvu amashyamba agereranywa nkibihaha byuyu mubumbe dutuyemo.
Ishyamba kandi riyungurura amazi,gufasha kudahungabana kukirere n'ibihe akagira uruhare mu gukurura invura no kugabanya ubushyuhe ku isi. agafata ubutaka akaburinda kwangirika nk'ingaru ayo mashyamba kandi niho 50% by'urusobe bw'ibinyabuzima bituye isi byibera.
Makaridja Sanganoko
Makaridja Sanganoko (yavutse ku ya 8 Gicurasi 1980) ni umukinnyi wo gusiganwa muri Kote Divuwari uzobereye muri metero 100 na 200.
Yitabiriye amarushanwa y'isi ya 2003 ndetse na Shampiyona y'isi yo mu 2003, gusa ntiyageze mu cyiciro cya nyuma.
Mu kwiruka metero 4 x 100 yegukanye umudari wa bronze mu gikombe cyisi cya IAAF 2002 kandi yitabira imikino Olempike muri 2000.
Amashakiro
Ikiciro:Umukinnyi w'iruka na maguru
Strive Masiyiwa
Strive Masiyiwa (yavutse ku ya 29 Mutarama 1961) ni umucuruzi w’umukungu ufite inkomoko muri Zimbabwe ubu akorera ubucuruzi i Londere mubwongereza. Niwe washinze akaba n’umuyobozi mukuru w’amatsinda mpuzamahanga y’ikoranabuhanga Econet Global na Cassava Technologies thumb|Secretary Blinken and Strive Masiyiwa at the U.S.-Africa Leaders Summit Foreign Ministers Dinner (52564628664) thumb|Strive Masiwia, Chairman, Econet Wireless (34345475883) Masiyiwa yatanze buruse ku rubyiruko rusaga 250.000 rwo muri Afurika mu myaka 20 ishize binyuze mu muryango we. Yateye inkunga imfubyi zirenga 40.000 hamwe na gahunda z’uburezi ndetse anatera inkunga abanyeshuri bo muri kaminuza zo muri Amerika, Ubwongereza, n'Ubushinwa.
Ubuzima n'Uburezi
Strive Masiyiwa yavukiye muri Zimbabwe, ku ya 29 Mutarama 1961. Igihe yari afite imyaka irindwi, umuryango we wavuye mu gihugu nyuma yuko guverinoma ya Minisitiri w’intebe Ian Smith itangarije itangazo ry’ubwigenge bumwe mu Bwongereza. Uyu muryango watuye i Kitwe, umujyi uri mu majyaruguru ya Zambiya uzwiho gucukura amabuye y'agaciro y'umuringa. Hano niho yize amashuri abanza, mbere yo kurangiza amashuri yisumbuye muri Scotland. Nyina wa Masiyiwa yari rwiyemezamirimo. Mugihe Masiyiwa yari afite imyaka 12, ababyeyi be bashoboye kumuha amashuri yuburayi.
Bamwohereje mu ishuri ryigenga i Edinburgh, muri otcosse. Amaze kubona impamyabumenyi mu 1978, yasubiye muri Rodeziya, agambiriye kwifatanya na Robert Mugabe na Joshua Nkomo ingabo z’inyeshyamba zirwanya guverinoma. Icyakora, yasubiye mu ishuri mu Bwongereza, ahabwa impamyabumenyi ihanitse mu bijyanye n'amashanyarazi yakuye muri kaminuza ya Wales mu 1983. Yakoze igihe gito mu nganda za mudasobwa i Cambridge, mu Bwongereza, ariko asubira muri Zimbabwe mu 1984, yizeye ko azafasha igihugu gukira nyuma iherezo ry’intambara ya Rhodesian Bush n’amatora ya francise ku isi hose mu 1980.
Indanganturo
Ikiciro:Afurika Ikiciro:Ubukungu bw’Afurika Ikiciro:Ubucuruzi Ikiciro:Iterambere rya Afurica Ikiciro:Isi Ikiciro:Abikorera
Ndarama Marc
Ndarama Mark ni umunyarwanda w’umugabo akaba umuyobozi w’ikipe ikinamo abakobwa n’abagore, yahoze mu cyiciro cya kabiri cya shampiyona, ubu ikaba iri mu cyiciro cya mbere. YOUVIA WFC ni ikipe yashyizwe kandi iyoborwa na Ndarama Mark, ndetse akaba yari umukandida ku kuyobora Ferwafa ku mwanya wa komiseri ushinzwe tekiniki n’ iterambere ry’umupira w’amaguru, mu Ishyirahamwe ry'umupira w'amaguru mu Rwanda.
Ndarama Mark umunyabugeni wagize uruhare mu gushushanya mu bitabo by'abanyeshuri bigiramo kuva 2017.
Amashakiro
Ikiciro:Siporo Ikiciro:Umutoza Ikiciro:Umuyobozi muri Siporo
Umuringoti
thumb|Umuringoti
Intangiriro
Umuringoti ni igikorwa remezo gihuza ibintu n'ibindi, ncyangwa umuringoti ugafata amazi, cyangwa umuringoti bikavungwa mu buhinzi, aha Abaprezida ba Tanzaniya na Kenya bumvikanye umugambi wo kwubakira hamwe umuringoti uzotwara umwuka wa gaze, mu ntumbero yo kwongereza uguhanahana ibidandazwa no kugabanya ibiciro vy’amasoko ntanganguvu kuri ivyo bihugu bibiri. thumb|Ikarita ya Kenya thumb|Amasezerano
kENYA NA TANZANIYA
Uwo muringoti uzubakwa ku burebure bw’ibirometero 600 hagati ya Dar es Salaam, ku murwa mukuru wa Tanzaniya na Mombasa muri Kenya. Ariko nta gihe cyashyizweho ibyo bikorwa bizatangirire gukoreraho.Mu mwaka ushize, Perezida Hassan wa Tanzaniya n’uwahoze ari prezida wa Kenya, Uhuru Kenyata barasinye amasezerano i Nairobi yari atumbereye gutanguza uwo mugambi, ariko gushika ubu ibyo bikorwa ntibyari bwatangire.
AMASEZERANO
Perezida Kenyatta yavuze ko we na Perezida Suluhu basinye ayo masezerano y’umuringoti uzotwara umwuka wa Gaze kugira ubuzima bw’abanyagihugu babo n’ubucuruzi bitere imbere. Ibyo bihugu byumvikanye kandi ko abategetsi bo mu gisata c’amagara y’abantu bagiye kuza barakorera hamwe ku bibazo vya COVID-19, cyane cyane ku kworohereza urujya n’uruza rw’abantu n’ibintu.
IMIRIMA Y'ABATURAGE
Abaturage bo mu Mirenge ya Busasamana, Bugeshi na Cyanzarwe mu Karere ka Rubavu babangamiwe n’amazi ava ku Kirunga cya Kalisimbi n’inkubi z’imiyaga iva mu Kibaya cya Congo bikabasenyera inzu, bikanangiza imiringoti y'imirima yabo. Babigarutseho mu Muganda Rusange usoza ukwezi k’Ugushyingo wabereye mu Karere ka Rubavu, mu Murenge wa Busasamana, Akagari ka Nyacyonga ku wa 26 Ugushyingo 2022. Imibare ya Minisiteri y’Ibikorwa by’Ubutabazi(MINEMA) igaragaza ko muri uyu mwaka kuva muri Nzeri kugeza mu Ugushyingo 2022 hamaze kwangirika hegitari 230 z’imirima mu gihe inzu 53 n’ishuri rimwe byasenywe n’imvura n’umuyaga.
KUBUNGABUNGA IMIRINGOTI
Mu kurwanya ibi biza, Umuganda Rusange wibanze ku gutera ibiti no kubaka ibiraro mu kurushaho kurwanya isuri iva mu Kirunga cya Kalisimbi ikangiza ibikorwa by’abaturage. Ku kibazo cy’umuyaga mwinshi uva mu Kibaya cya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, Minisitiri w’Ibikorwa by’Ubutabazi, Kayisire Marie Solange, yabwiye abaturage ko nta muti babonera iki kibazo uretse kuzirika ibisenge by’inzu zabo bakazikomeza kuko umuyaga udakumirwa. Yasabye abaturage kuzirika ibisenge by’inzu no kuzihoma neza kuko bafite amahirwe yo kugira amabuye (amakoro) bubakisha umusingi ariko bakibagirwa kuzirika ibisenge no guhoma neza inzu zabo.
AMASHAKIRO
Ikiciro:Ibidukikije Ikiciro:Umurima
Bethlehem Tilahun Alemu
Bethlehem Tilahun Alemu (wavutse 1980) ni umucuruzi wo muri Etiyopiya, washinze akaba n'umuyobozi mukuru wa soleRebels, "isosiyete ikora inkweto zikoreshwa cyane muri Afurika". Bethlehem yahawe icyubahiro n’ishimwe kubera ubucuruzi bwe, ndetse n’ingamba yashyizeho zo guhindura disikuru kuri Afurika ikava mu bukene ikajya mu mwuka wo kwihangira imirimo ku mugabane, imari shingiro, ndetse n’ubukungu. Bethlehem yatangije "Repubulika y’uruhu ", yerekana ibicuruzwa biramba by’uruhu birambye, [2] hamwe n’ubucuruzi bwa "Garden of Kawa" kugira ngo biteze imbere ikawa ya Etiyopiya. thumb|SoleRebels Bethlehem Tilahun Alemu and thumb|SoleRebels Bethlehem Tilahun Alemu
Igicucu kirekire
Umwanditsi mukuru Henning Steinfeld yavuze ko amatungo ari umwe mu bagize uruhare runini mu bibazo by’ibidukikije by’iki gihe" kandi ko hakenewe ingamba zihutirwa kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke.
Urunyogwe
Amashakiro
Ikiciro:Ibidukikije Ikiciro:Ibiti Ikiciro:Ibiribwa Ikiciro:Imbuto
Terracom
Terracom ni isosiyete y'itumanaho yo mu Rwanda, itanga serivisi za interineti na serivisi za telefone. Isosiyete ifite icyicaro i Kigali naho indi campanyi bakora bimwe mu Rwanda ni Rwandatel.
Igicucu kirekire
Ingingo yo mu 2009 mu kinyamakuru Worldwatch Institute yanditswe n'abanditsi Anihangi, icyo gihe bakoreraga muri Banki y'Isi, bavuze ko raporo idahwitse kandi ko ubworozi bugira uruhare runini mu byuka bihumanya ikirere ku isi, nibura 51 ku ijana, bifata hitawe ku guhumeka kw'inyamaswa n'ubushobozi bwa fotosintetike y'ubutaka bukoreshwa mu kugaburira no gutura amatungo. Igisubizo cya 2011 kuri iki kibazo cyashyizwe ahagaragara hamwe n’umuryango mpuzamahanga w’abahanga, batesha agaciro ingingo y’iki kinyamakuru kandi gishimangira isuzuma rya 2006. Ariko iki gisubizo cyashubijwe bongera gushimangira igereranyo ryabo mu gihe abahanga banze gukomeza impaka nubwo ubutumire bwatumiwe. Mu mwaka wa 2013, yafatanyije ku mugaragaro n’ubunyamabanga mpuzamahanga bw’inyama n’ishyirahamwe mpuzamahanga ry’amata kandi benshi mu banditsi bamwe ba raporo ya mbere bashyize ahagaragara ubushakashatsi bwakurikiyeho (2013) bwakorewe, bavugurura igereranyo cy’imyuka ihumanya ikirere bitewe n’amatungo amanuka; kugeza 14.5 ku ijana  udakemuye amakosa ayo ari yo yose avugwa yagaragaye muri raporo ya  Anhangi cyangwa mu mpaka zasuzumwe n’urungano.
Terracom
Ihuza ryo hanze
Ikiciro:Rwiyemezamirimo
Umuyaga urabya
Umuyaga urabya ni ku gipimo cya megawatt 178 mu cyanya gikorerwamo amashanyarazi ava mu muyaga muri leta ya Kansas muri Amerika. Icyi cyanya giherereye kuri hegitari 15,000 zubutaka bwihariye hafi yumujyi wa Dodge.
Reba
<references group="" responsive="1">
Ihuza ryo hanze
Official website
Ubushyuhe bukabije bwabayeho ku isi
Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwabayeho ku isi bwapimwe muburyo butatu: ikirere, ubutaka, no kureba ibyogajuru. Ibipimo byo mu kirere bikoreshwa nk'igipimo gisanzwe kubera ibibazo bikomeje hamwe n'ubutaka bwizewe hamwe no gusoma ibyogajuru. Ibipimo byo mu kirere byagaragajwe n’umuryango w’ubumenyi bw’ikirere (WMO) na Guinness World Records hamwe n’ibipimo ngenderwaho bizakoreshwa mu kumenya inyandiko zemewe. Kugeza ubu ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere bwemewe cyane ku isi ni 56.7 ° C (134.1 ° F), bwanditswe ku ya 10 Nyakanga 1913 ahitwa Furnace Creek Ranch, mu kibaya cy'urupfu muri Amerika. [1] Mu myaka mirongo icyenda, inyandiko yahoze yapimwe muri Libiya yari ihari, kugeza igihe yemejwe mu 2012 ishingiye ku bimenyetso byerekana ko ari ugusoma nabi. Ubu bushakashatsi bwatangiye kwibaza niba inyandiko zemewe mu 1913 zapimwe mu kibaya cy’urupfu, impuguke mu bumenyi bw’ikirere zemeza ko hari amakosa nk'aya. WMO yahagaze ku nyandiko nk'umuyobozi mu gihe hagitegerejwe ibisubizo by'iperereza bizaza. Niba inyandiko iriho ubu igomba kumenyekana noneho uyifite yari kunganya kuri 54.0 ° C (129.2 ° F), byanditswe kuri Furnace Creek, no muri Koweti.
Ubushyuhe bwinshi butagenzuwe mubisomwa uko ari bitatu nabwo bwaranditswe burenze abafite ubu. Ibi birimo amateka yamateka atigeze yemezwa kubera ibikoresho byariho icyo gihe nibisabwa na siyansi bidafite gihamya. Hariho kandi gusoma bidasubirwaho ibyasomwe byashyizwe ku mbuga nkoranyambaga byerekana ibimenyetso by'ubushyuhe bukabije.
Blue wings goose
Blue wings Goose
thumb ni ubwoko bw'inyoni zo mumazi zikomoka muri etiyopia .ikaba ikomoka mu muryango
Ubushyuhe bukabije bwabayeho ku isi
Amateka
Hindura
Isomero rya termometero kuri Furnace Creek Ranch (Nyakanga 2005)
Blue wings goose
Blue wings Goose
wonyine wa cyanochen.
Imiterere
iyi nyoni ya Blue wing Goose ipima (70cm (28in) ifite umutwe muto muto
Ubushyuhe bukabije bwabayeho ku isi
Amateka
Imiterere isanzwe yo gupima ubushyuhe buri mu kirere, metero 1.5 (4 ft 11 in) hejuru yubutaka, kandi ikingiwe nizuba ryinshi. Ubushyuhe bwo ku isi muri rusange bwakurikiranwe kuva mu 1880 igihe kubika inyandiko byatangiraga. Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ry’ikirere (WMO) rivuga ko ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bw’ikirere bwanditswe ku isi bwari 56.7 ° C (134.1 ° F) muri Furnace Creek Ranch, muri Californiya, buherereye mu kibaya cy’urupfu muri Amerika, ku ya 10 Nyakanga 1913. [1] [4] [5] Iyi nyandiko yarenze mu 1922 isomwa na 57.8 ° C (136.0 ° F), yanditswe ku ya 13 Nzeri 1922, i ʽAziziya, Libiya. Nyuma yimyaka mirongo icyenda, iyi nyandiko yaramenyekanye, bituma iyambere yasomwe mu kibaya cyurupfu yongeye ubushyuhe bukabije ku isi. Kwemeza inyandiko zahoze muri Libiya kuva icyo gihe byashidikanyaga ku kamaro ko gufata amajwi mu 1913. Niba inyandiko ya 1913 iramutse yemejwe, ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bw’ikirere bwashyizweho ku isi bwaba 54.0 ° C (129.2 ° F), nabwo bwanditswe mu kibaya cy’urupfu ku ya 20 Kamena 2013, no muri Mitribah, Koweti ku ya 21 Nyakanga 2016. [7 ] Kuva muri Kanama 2020 hasomwe hejuru ya 54.4 ° C (129.9 ° F) muri Kanama 2020 na Nyakanga 2021, haba kuri Furnace Creek, mu gihe hagitegerejwe kwemezwa. [8] [9] [10] [11]
Ibipimo na byo byafashwe mu bundi buryo bubiri binyuze ku butaka no gusoma. Ubushyuhe bupimye ku butaka bushobora kurenga ubushyuhe bw’ikirere kuri 30 kugeza kuri 50 ° C (54 kugeza 90 ° F). Ubushyuhe ntarengwa bushoboka bwubushyuhe bwubutaka bwagereranijwe buri hagati ya 90 na 100 ° C (194 na 212 ° F) kubutaka bwumutse, bwijimye bwubutaka buke bwumuriro. Mu gihe nta bushyuhe bwo hejuru bw’ubutaka bwemejwe, bivugwa ko hasomwe 93.9 ° C (201.0 ° F) mu gace ka Furnace Creek Ranch ku ya 15 Nyakanga 1972. [14] Ibipimo by'ubushyuhe hifashishijwe icyogajuru nabyo bikunda gufata ibyabaye hejuru ariko ariko, kubera ingorane ziterwa no gutakaza ubutumburuke bwa satelite (ingaruka ziterwa no guterana mu kirere), ibyo bipimo akenshi bifatwa nk'ibyizewe kuruta ibipimo bya termometero biri ku butaka. Ibipimo bya satelite by'ubushyuhe bw'ubutaka byafashwe hagati ya 2003 na 2009, byafashwe hamwe na MODIS infrared spectroradiometero kuri satelite ya Aqua, byagaragaye ko ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwa 70.7 ° C (159.3 ° F), bwanditswe mu 2005 mu butayu bwa Lut, muri Irani. Ubutayu bwa Lut na bwo wasangaga bufite ubushyuhe buri hejuru cyane mu myaka 5 mu myaka 7 yapimwe (2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, na 2009). Ibi bipimo byerekana impuzandengo ku karere kanini bityo rero bikaba biri munsi yubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
Blue wings goose
Imiterere
n'ijosi rirerire n'ijosi ryo hejuru., ifite ibirango bitoya by'umukara,amaguru
Ubushyuhe bukabije bwabayeho ku isi
Ibibazo
Hindura
Blue wings goose
Imiterere
y'umukara, iyo ihagaze iba isa neza kandi yijimye rimwe na rimwe yerekana
Ubushyuhe bukabije bwabayeho ku isi
Ibibazo
Mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 21, ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mbere y’ubushyuhe bwo hejuru ku isi bwakozweho ubushakashatsi nk'ibisomwa nabi. Kuva mu 1922 kugeza 2012, inyandiko ya WMO y’ubushyuhe bwo hejuru ku isi yari 57.8 ° C (136.0 ° F), yanditswe ku ya 13 Nzeri 1922, i ʽAziziya, Libiya. Iyi nyandiko yemejwe na WMO muri Mutarama 2012 kuko ibimenyetso byemeza byatumye habaho gusoma nabi byanditswe mu makosa n'indorerezi idafite uburambe. [1] Kumenyekanisha iyi nyandiko yahoze byatumye abashakashatsi bakora ubushakashatsi ku byahoze byafashwe n'ibyakozwe mu kibaya cy'urupfu mu 1913. [6] Kimwe mu byabanje kwangwa cyaje mu 1949 n’urukiko rwa Dr. Arnold, rwemeje ko ubushyuhe bushobora kuba bwaratewe n’umuyaga w’umucanga wabaye icyo gihe. Urukiko rwavuze ko "nk'ibyo inkubi y'umuyaga ishobora kuba yarateje ibikoresho by'ubushyuhe bukabije kwibasirwa n'ubushyuhe mu buhungiro. "[1] ", kandi byibuze ni 2,2 kugeza kuri 2.8 ° C (4 kugeza kuri 5 ° F) hejuru cyane. [17] Niba hari ibikoresho bishya biri hejuru yacyo, tuzaba twiteguye gufungura iperereza, ariko kuri ubu ibimenyetso byose biboneka byerekana ko byemewe. "[5]
Uburezi
thumb|uburezi mu mashuri isumbuye
Ubushyuhe bukabije bwabayeho ku isi
Ibibazo
Ibirego bitaremezwa
Uburezi
Uburezi
nigikorwa gifatika kigamije kugera ku ntego zimwe, nko guhererekanya ubumenyi cyangwa gutsimbataza ubumenyi nimico. Izi ntego zishobora kubamo iterambere ryo gusobanukirwa, gushyira mu gaciro, ubugwaneza, no kuba inyangamugayo. Abashakashatsi banyuranye bashimangira uruhare rwibitekerezo binegura kugirango batandukane uburezi nuburere. Bamwe mu bahanga mu bya tewolojiya basaba ko uburezi butera imbere umunyeshuri mugihe abandi bahitamo ubusobanuro butabogamye bwijambo. Muburyo butandukanye gato, uburezi bushobora nanone kwerekeza kubikorwa, ariko kubicuruzwa byiyi nzira: imitekerereze n'imitekerereze ifitwe nabantu bize. Uburezi bwatangiye nko guhererekanya umurage ndangamuco kuva ku gisekuru kugera ku kindi. Uyu munsi, intego zuburezi zigenda zikubiyemo ibitekerezo bishya nko kubohoza abiga, ubumenyi bukenewe muri societe igezweho, kubabarana, hamwe nubumenyi bugoye bwimyuga.
Ubwoko bwuburezi busanzwe bugabanyijemo uburezi busanzwe, butemewe, nuburyo butemewe. Uburezi busanzwe bubera mubigo byuburezi n’amahugurwa, mubisanzwe byubatswe nintego nintego zinyigisho, kandi imyigire isanzwe iyobowe numwarimu. Mu turere twinshi, amashuri yemewe ni itegeko kugeza ku myaka runaka kandi ubusanzwe igabanyijemo ibyiciro byuburezi nkincuke, amashuri abanza nayisumbuye. Uburezi budasanzwe bubaho nk'inyongera cyangwa ubundi buryo bwo kwiga bisanzwe. Irashobora gutunganywa hakurikijwe gahunda yuburezi, ariko muburyo bworoshye, kandi mubisanzwe ibera mubaturage, aho bakorera cyangwa mumiryango itegamiye kuri leta. Ubwanyuma, uburezi budasanzwe bubaho mubuzima bwa buri munsi, mumuryango, uburambe ubwo aribwo bwose bugira ingaruka zifatika muburyo umuntu atekereza, yumva, cyangwa ibikorwa bishobora gufatwa nkuburere, bwaba butabigambiriye cyangwa nkana. Mu myitozo hariho gukomeza kuva muburyo bwemewe cyane kugeza kubimenyerewe cyane, kandi imyigire idasanzwe irashobora kugaragara mubice bitatu byose. Kurugero, amashuri yo murugo arashobora gushyirwa mubikorwa nkibidasanzwe cyangwa bisanzwe, bitewe nimiterere.
Amavuta ya Lüderitz yo mu 2009
Amavuta ya Lüderitz yo mu 2009 yatangiye muri Mata 2009 ku nkombe za Lüderitz ziherereye mu gihugu cya Namibiya ku mugabane wa Afurika. Isuka rya peteroli ryagize ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku binyabuzima byo mu bwoko bwa pingwin zigera kuri 171 zo muri Afurika, bikaba bikekwa ko hari n'izindi nyinshi nyinshi bashobora kuba zarabangamiwe. Amavuta yamenetse ari mu gace aho k'uburobyi ka Meob Bay bwarohamye muri Kamena 2002, buhitana abasare 19. Ubwato bwarohamye nyuma yuko umugozi ufatiwe muri moteri yabwo, hanyuma igatandukana bigatuma amazi yinjira mu cyumba cya moteri. Icyakora, ubushakashatsi bwakozwe aho ubwato bwarohamye bwerekanye ko ibisigazwa bitari isoko y’amavuta; inkomoko yamenetse ntishobora kuboneka ariko bikekwa ko ari amavuta ya bunker yarekuwe nubwato bunini bwanyuze mumazi ya Namibiya. Ku bijyanye n’inyamanswa zagize ingaruka, ni yo yamenetse cyane mu mateka ya Namibiya nk'uko abaturage ba Lüderitz babitangaza.
Uburezi
Uburezi
Hatitawe ku gushiraho, uburyo bwuburezi burimo kwigisha, amahugurwa, kuvuga inkuru, kuganira, nubushakashatsi buyobora. Uburyo bwo kwigisha bwitwa pedagogy. Uburezi bushyigikiwe na filozofiya zitandukanye, inyigisho hamwe na gahunda zubushakashatsi bufatika.
Ubushyuhe bukabije bwabayeho ku isi
Ibibazo
Ibikurikira nibisobanuro bidashidikanywaho byubushyuhe bukabije hejuru yisi ya 56.7 ° C (134.1 ° F). Ibi birimo amateka yamateka atigeze yemezwa kubera ibikoresho byariho icyo gihe nibisabwa na siyansi bidafite gihamya. Gusoma amateur byakozwe no ku mbuga nkoranyambaga zavugaga ko ubushyuhe bukabije bwaje guteshwa agaciro. Amashusho yashyizwe kumurongo umwe bivugwa ko yerekanaga amatara yo kumuhanda ashonga cyangwa ibiti biturika. Nyuma byaje kuvuguruzwa n’abahanga mu bumenyi bw'ikirere bahuza "ibimenyetso" n'ibindi bintu bidafitanye isano byabaye mbere. Amajwi yose yafashwe mbere ya 1972 ngo yaba yaratewe no kwiyongera gutunguranye kwubushyuhe bwikirere hafi yubuso, bizwi nkubushyuhe bukabije.
Itariki Ubushyuhe ° C / ° F Ubwoko bwaho Ibisobanuro
Uburezi
Uburezi
Hariho ingamba zo kuvugurura uburezi, nko kuzamura ireme n’ubushobozi bw’uburezi biganisha ku mibereho y’abanyeshuri no gukemura ibibazo neza muri sosiyete igezweho cyangwa ejo hazaza muri rusange, cyangwa uburyo bwuburezi bushingiye ku bimenyetso. Uburenganzira bwo kwiga bwemejwe na guverinoma zimwe na zimwe n’umuryango w’abibumbye. [A] Urugero, ku ya 24 Mutarama ni umunsi mpuzamahanga w’uburezi. Ku rwego rwa Loni, imyaka myinshi yo kwizihiza no mu myaka mirongo byahariwe uburezi, [4] nk'umwaka mpuzamahanga w'uburezi mu 1970. Uburezi nabwo ni imwe mu ntego 17 z’isi yose, aho gahunda z’isi zigamije kugera ku ntego irambye y’iterambere rirambye 4, iteza imbere uburezi bufite ireme kuri bose.
Ubushyuhe bukabije bwabayeho ku isi
Ibibazo
11 Nyakanga 1909 57.8 ° C (136 ° F) Air Cherokee, Oklahoma
Blue wings goose
Imiterere
ubururu bwerurutse ku ruhande ruguruka
Ubushyuhe bukabije bwabayeho ku isi
Ibibazo
6 Nyakanga 1949 70 ° C (158 ° F) Air Figueira da Foz, Coimbra
.
1960 60 ° C (140 ° F) Ikirere cya Kopperl, Texas
(Amerika) Bivugwa ko ubushyuhe bwatumye ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere bugera kuri 140 ° F (60 ° C), bikaba bivugwa ko byatumye ibihingwa by'ipamba byangirika kandi bikuma ibimera. [23]
(Mexico) Ibigo bishinzwe amakuru muri Mexico ukurikije ububiko bwa leta. [24] [25]
(Mexico) Inyandiko yabitswe n'ikigo cya Leta cya Baja muri Leta ya Meteorologiya ivuga ko ubushyuhe bwa 58.5 ° C. yanditswe i San Luis, muri Sonora n'ikigo cyaho gishinzwe iteganyagihe (ibyinjira hejuru). Kuri uwo munsi, ikindi gipimo cyafatiwe mu muryango wa "El riito" muri Mexicali. Iki gipimo nticyigeze kirangira kuko gusoma byahagaze kuri 60 ° C kubera imbogamizi ya termometero yakoreshejwe.
Kamena 1967 86.7 ° C (188.1 ° F) Abadan utazwi
(Irani) Bivugwa ko ubushyuhe bwa 86.7 ° C (188.1 ° F) bwanditswe mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwatangiriye i Abadan, muri Irani.
15 Nyakanga 1972 93.9 ° C (201.0 ° F) Oasis ya Satelite mu kibaya cy'urupfu