cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Francine Niyonsaba
Umwuga
Niyonsaba Francine yahise azamuka akinira muri 2012  ingimbi. Ku nshuro ya mbere yashyizeho metero 800 ni mu mpera za Kamena 2012 mu gihe yatsindiye cyane Shampiyona nyafurika ya 2012 muri Athletisme muri 1: 59.11 mu irushanwa rye rya gatatu ryarushanwaga. Kuri ibyo, yateje imbere umwuga we yigihugu ya 2: 02.13, yashyizwe mumikino yo gushaka itike. Mu isiganwa ryo gufungura irushanwa, ry'abadafite uburambe biruka bari bafunguye metero 30 bayobora. Nyuma y'ibyumweru bitatu, ku ya 20 Nyakanga 2012, yongeye kuzamura agahigo agera kuri 1: 58.68 mu gihe yaje ku mwanya wa kabiri mu nama ya Diamond League 2012 yabereye i Herculis.
Mu mikino Olempike yabereye i Londres 2012, Niyonsaba yagabanije ibihe bye muri metero 800 agera kuri 1: 58.67 ku ya 9 Kanama 2012, muri kimwe cya kabiri kirangiza. Byari amasegonda 0.01 kunonosora kubihe yagize mbere. Nyuma y'iminsi ibiri, yaje ku mwanya wa karindwi (nyuma yazamuwe ku mwanya wa gatanu biturutse ku kutemerwa kwa bakoresha ibyongera imbaraga kw'abakinnyi b'Abarusiya Elena Arzhakova na Mariya Savinova ) ku mukino wa nyuma. Hatarenze ukwezi, yagize akandi gahigo k'isaha 1: 56.59.
Muri 2016, Niyonsaba yatsindiye metero 800 mu marushanwa mpuzamahanga yo mu nzu ya IAAF 2016 akoresheje amasaha 2: 00.01. Yasoje amarushanwa afite umudari wa mbere mu mikino y'Olempike,afite umudari w' ifeza muri metero 800 mu bagore akoresheje igihe cy' 1: 56.49, inyuma ya Caster Semenya wo muri Afurika y'Epfo.
Niyonsaba yegukanye umwanya wa kabiri muri metero 800 zirindwi zirushanwa rya Diamond League 2016. yongereye ibihe bye maze akoresha 1: 56.24 muri 2016 Herculis.
Muri 2017, Niyonsaba yegukanye ibihembo bishya ku giti cye ndetse no ku rwego rw'igihugu muri Monaco Diamond League nyuma yo gutsinda metero 800 akoresheje 1: 55.47 ku ya 21 Nyakanga. Iki gihe, yabaye Uwa wa mbere ku isi 1. yerekeza muri Shampiyona yisi 2017 yabereye i Londres.
Mu marushanwa y'isi yabereye i Londres, yatsindiye ifeza muri metero 800 mu bagore mu gihe cya 1: 55.92. Yayoboye irushanwa, ariko Caster Semenya yakoresheje ubwenge kugirango atsinde Aburundi ku girango bongera gutsindira zahabu.
Imikino ngororamubiri ku isi
Muri 2019, byagaragaye ko Niyonsaba yavutse afite 46, XY karyotype ndetse n’imiterere ya intersex nyuma yo kwemererwa kwitabira amarushanwa y’abagore ya IAAF byatewe n’amabwiriza mashya y’ishyirahamwe ajyenga abakinnyi bafite XY itandukaniro ry’iterambere ry’imibonano mpuzabitsina yago, urugero rwa testosterone iri hejuru ya 5 nmol / L, hamwe na androgene. Bitewe nuko guhagarikwa, Niyonsaba agomba kubura mu marushanwa mpuzamahanga yimikino ngororamubiri 2022 yabereye Oregon.
Amashakiro
Ikiciro:Umukinnyi
Imiturire Rusange
Amazu rusange ni uburyo bwo gutura mu nzu aho ubusanzwe umutungo ufitwe ninzego za leta, haba hagati cyangwa iz'ibanze. Nubwo intego rusange yimiturire rusange ari ugutanga amazu ahendutse, ibisobanuro, imvugo, ibisobanuro byubukene, nibindi bipimo byo kugabana biratandukanye mubice bitandukanye.
Muri Amerika, iterambere ryimiturire rusange rishyirwa mubikorwa nkimishinga yimiturire ifitwe nubuyobozi bushinzwe imiturire yumujyi cyangwa amazu rusange yatewe inkunga na federasiyo akoreshwa na HUD.
Amazu mbonezamubano ni amazu akodeshwa ashobora gutunga no gucungwa na leta, nimiryango idaharanira inyungu, cyangwa guhuza byombi, mubisanzwe hagamijwe gutanga amazu ahendutse. Amazu mbonezamubano muri rusange ashyirwaho na guverinoma binyuze muburyo bumwe-bwo kugerageza cyangwa hakoreshejwe ingamba z'ubuyobozi zikeneye amazu. Umuntu arashobora kubona amazu yimibereho nkumuti ushobora gukemura ubusumbane bwamazu.
Intego zamazu zihenze nazo zishobora kugerwaho hifashishijwe inkunga. Amazu y'inkunga afite kandi akoreshwa na ba nyir'ubwite bahabwa inkunga mu rwego rwo gutanga amazu ahendutse. Ba nyir'ubwite barashobora kuba ba nyirinzu ku giti cyabo cyangwa inyungu cyangwa ibigo bidaharanira inyungu.
Amateka
Umuhanda uhana imbibi mu 1890; nyuma yimyaka itatu, Inama Njyanama yintara ya Londres yatangiye gukuraho amazu.
Amazu mbonezamubano yariho rimwe na rimwe mbere yiterambere rigezweho. Kera cyane iracyakoreshwa ni ikinyejana cya 16 Fuggerei i Augsburg, muri Bavariya.
Inkomoko yimiturire igezweho ya komini iri mubwiyongere bukabije bwabaturage bo mumijyi yatewe na Revolution yinganda yo mu kinyejana cya 19. Mu mijyi minini y'icyo gihe, abantu benshi batanze ibitekerezo ku mibereho, nka Octavia Hill na Charles Booth batanze raporo ku gusebanya, indwara n'ubusambanyi byavutse. Henry Mayhew, wasuye Bethnal Green, yanditse muri The Morning Chronicle:
... imihanda ntiyakozwe, akenshi inzira nyabagendwa gusa, amazu mato kandi adafite urufatiro, yagabanijwe kandi akenshi azenguruka inkiko zidafite amabuye. Kubura amazi n’umwanda hafi ya byose byarushijeho kuba bibi n’ibidendezi byakozwe no gucukura amatafari. Ingurube n'inka mu mbuga zinyuma, ubucuruzi bwangiza nko guteka, gushonga muremure, cyangwa gutegura inyama z'injangwe, no kubaga amazu, ivumbi, hamwe n '"ibiyaga byubutaka bwijoro" byiyongereye ku mwanda. [4]
Bamwe mu bagiraneza batangiye gutanga amazu mu nyubako zikodeshwa, kandi bamwe mu bafite uruganda bubatse imidugudu yose ku bakozi babo, nka Saltaire mu 1853 na Port Sunlight mu 1888. Hari mu 1885, nyuma ya raporo ya komisiyo ishinzwe ubwami mu Bwongereza, ni bwo leta yabanje gufata inyungu. Ibyo byatumye Itegeko rigenga imiturire y’abakozi bo mu 1885, riha imbaraga Inama z’ibanze guhagarika imitungo itari myiza no kubashishikariza kuzamura imiturire mu turere batuyemo.
Umujyi wa Londres Corporation wubatse inzu mu muhanda wa Farringdon mu 1865. [5] Umushinga wa mbere munini w’imyubakire nini ku isi [6] wubatswe i Londres kugira ngo usimbure imwe mu midugudu izwi cyane y’umurwa mukuru - Old Nichol. [7] Abantu bagera ku 6.000 bari buzuye mu mihanda yuzuye, aho umwana umwe kuri bane yapfiriye mbere y’amavuko ye. Arthur Morrison yanditse Umwana ukomeye wa Jago, inkuru yubuzima bwumwana uri mucyaro, byateje abantu benshi. Kubaka umutungo w’umupaka byatangiye mu 1890 n’inama y’imirimo ya Metropolitan kandi birangira n’inama y’intara ya Londres yari iherutse gushingwa mu 1900. [8]
Intsinzi yuyu mushinga yatumye inama nyinshi zaho zitangira gahunda nkiyi yo kubaka mu ntangiriro yikinyejana cya 20. Urugendo rwubuhanzi nubukorikori hamwe nibitekerezo byubusitani bwa Ebenezer Howard byatumye habaho utuzu tw’inama Njyanama y’Intara ya Londere nka mbere Totterdown Fields nyuma Wormholt na Old Oak. Intambara ya mbere y'isi yose yatanze mu buryo butaziguye imbaraga nshya, igihe ubuzima bubi bw'umubiri ndetse n'imiterere y'abasirikare benshi bo mu mijyi binjiye mu gisirikare cy'Ubwongereza byagaragaye biteye ubwoba. Mu 1916, 41% by'abasirikare ntibari bakwiriye gukora. Ibyo byatumye habaho ubukangurambaga buzwi ku izina ry’amazu abereye intwari maze mu 1919 Guverinoma ibanza guhatira inama gutanga amazu, ibafasha kubikora binyuze mu gutanga inkunga, hashingiwe ku itegeko rigenga imiturire 1919. [9] Imishinga yo guturamo rusange yageragejwe mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe by’Uburayi na Amerika mu myaka ya za 1930, ariko ikwira hose ku isi nyuma y’Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose.
Afurika y'Epfo
Ivanguramoko ryo muri Afurika y'Epfo ryagaragaje umubare munini w'ubukene mu Banyafurika y'Epfo b'Abirabura kubera ivangura rishingiye ku moko n'ivangura, bityo guverinoma ya nyuma ya apartheid ishaka kubaka amazu y’imibereho y’imiryango ikennye y’abirabura, mu mijyi ifite amahirwe y’ubukungu. [1] Gahunda yo kwiyubaka no kwiteza imbere no guca intege New Ground yatanze amazu arenga miliyoni 3.5 kuva 1995 kugeza 2020, ariko ntiyujuje ibyifuzo, kandi yubatswe kure y’imijyi yimbere, bituma amacakubiri ashingiye ku moko. [10] [11] Ibura ry'amazu ryagereranijwe ko rifite miliyoni 3.7 mu 2021. [12] Ishami rishinzwe gutuza abantu, ryorohereza abateza imbere amazu yigihugu.yashatse kuva mu cyitegererezo cy’amazu yibanze ku majyambere akajya kureba muri rusange, harimo na serivisi.
Amerika
Isuku muri Ruhango
thumb|Umusarani
Imiturire Rusange
Burezili
Isuku muri Ruhango
ubwiherero
Urubyiruko rwo mu Karere ka Ruhango ruvuga ko biteye isoni kuba hakiri ingo zidafite ubwiherero n’izindi zifite ubutujuje ibisabwa, bityo biyemeje gukemura icyo kibazo kikarangira burundu.
Imiturire Rusange
Amazu mbonezamubano muri Eunápolis, Berezile.
Isuku muri Ruhango
umuhigo
akomeje avuga ko uyu mwaka watangiye habarurwa ingo 120 zidafite ubwiherero ariko bwagiye bwubakwa kandi bihaye umuhigo wo kuburangiza muri uku kwezi kwahariwe ibikorwa by’ubukorerabushake by’urubyiruko. Hari ingo zigera kuri 72 basanze zifite ubwiherero butujuje ibisabwa, nazo bazazifasha kubusana.
Imiturire Rusange
Muri Werurwe 2009, Minha Casa Minha Vida ("Inzu yanjye, Ubuzima bwanjye"), gahunda y’imiturire y’imibereho myiza ya guverinoma ya Berezile, yatangijwe muri Werurwe 2009 ifite ingengo y’imari ingana na miliyari 36 z’amadolari y’Amerika (miliyari 18 US $) yo kubaka amazu miliyoni. Icyiciro cya kabiri cya gahunda, cyashyizwe muri gahunda ya guverinoma yihutisha iterambere (PAC, Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento) cyatangajwe muri Werurwe 2010. [15] Iki cyiciro cyahanuye iyubakwa ry’amazu miliyoni ebyiri.
Isuku muri Ruhango
Ibiti
Bazatera ibiti bivangwa n’imyaka ku buso bwa hegitali 90, bace imirwanyasuri basibura n’iyari isanzwe mu rwego rwo kurwanya isuri ndetse bakore n’ubukanguramabaga mu kwirinda ibiza. Bamwe mu rubyiruko rwo mu Karere ka Ruhango bavuze ko biyemeje gukorera hamwe bagamije kwiyubakira igihugu. “Icyo twiyemeje ni uguhuza imbaraga tukiyubakira igihugu. Muri uku kwezi rero dufite umurava wo gukora ibikorwa byinshi. Turasaba ababyeyi n’abayobozi kudushyigikira.” Abazakorerwa ibikorwa bitandukanye basabwe kubifata neza kugira ngo bizagire uruhare mu guhindura imibereho yabo irusheho kuba myiza.
Imiturire Rusange
Amafaranga yose y’imitungo ya Minha Casa Minha Vida yatanzwe na banki rusange ya Berezile, Caixa Econômica Federal. [16] Banki yateye inkunga iterambere kandi itanga inguzanyo kumiryango yujuje ibyangombwa.
Kugeza muri Nzeri 2018, amazu miliyoni 4.5 yubatswe arahabwa abaturage. Uyu mushinga wanenzwe kubera ko washyizwe hamwe n’ubuziranenge bw’amazu. Amazu yubatswe kure yumujyi rwagati kugirango agabanye ibiciro byamazu bigatuma kugabanya isoko ryumurimo; ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku mazu yatoranijwe ku bushake bw'umushinga MCMV i Rio de Janeiro bwerekanye ko bishoboka ko umuntu yakoreshwa mu buryo busanzwe ku bashaka akazi ariko amafaranga ntiyagize ingaruka ku bari basanzwe bafite akazi.
Isuku muri Ruhango
Ibindi
Mu bindi yavuze bazakora ni ukubakira abatishoboye badafite aho akuba aho muri uku kwezi bazubaka inzu icyenda bakazuzuza. Ni ukuvuga inzu imwe muri buri murenge. Uyu mwaka watangiye mu Karere ka Ruhango hari imiryango 85 idafite aho kuba.
Imiturire Rusange
Kanada
Moussa Sagna Fall
Moussa Sagna Fall (yavutse 31 Ukuboza 1959) numusimbuka muremure ukomoka muri Senegali.
Mayanga Maku
Jean Adelard Mayanga Maku (yavutse Ku ya 31 Ukwakira 1948 muri Mbandaka) yari umukinnyi ukina umupira w'amaguru kuva muri za 1970 muri Zaire. Yakinaga nka rutahizamu.
Imiturire Rusange
Ingingo nyamukuru: Amazu rusange muri Kanada
Moussa Sagna Fall
Gusimbuka kwe ku giti cye byari metero 2.26 muri mwaka wa 1982. agira agahigo ko hejuru muriSenegali.
Reba
Ikiciro:Umukinnyi w'iruka na maguru
Imiturire Rusange
Moss Park muri Downtown Toronto.
Imiturire Jeanne-Mance muri Downtown Montreal.
Muri Kanada, ubusanzwe amazu rusange ni agace k’amazu yubatswe n’intego yubatswe n’ikigo cya leta, bakunze kwita amazu y’abaturage, hamwe n’amazu yoroshye yo gucunga. Imijyi myinshi yo muri Kanada iracyafite iterambere rinini cyane ryuzuzanya mu baturanyi-bakozi, sisitemu ikaba yarangiritse muri Amerika ndetse no mu Bwongereza. Nyamara, ibigo byinshi byamazu ya leta biracyatanga inyubako nimiryango itandukanye kuva kumazu kugiti cye kugeza mumiryango yo mumijyi ndetse no hagati yo hagati no mu magorofa maremare haba mu bakozi ndetse no mu cyiciro cyo hagati kibamo umubare munini w'Abanyakanada bafite amikoro make;.
Mu mwaka wa 2014, Vancouver, imaze igihe kinini ifatwa nk'imwe mu mijyi ihendutse ku isi, [19] yahinduye ubusobanuro bw'amazu mbonezamubano isobanura amazu akodeshwa aho byibuze 30 ku ijana by'amazu atuwemo n'imiryango idashobora kwishyura ubukode bw'isoko, kubera kubura amafaranga.
Mexico
Abantu benshi bamenyereye Miguel Alemán.
Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose irangiye, ikungahaye ku ishoramari ry’Amerika ndetse no kwiyongera kwa peteroli, Mexico yari ifite ubwiyongere bwa mbere bw’abaturage, aho abimukira mu cyaro ari bo mujyi wa Mexico. Mario Pani Darqui, umwubatsi w'icyamamare icyo gihe, yashinzwe kubaka umushinga wa mbere munini munini w'amazu rusange. Yubatswe na Dirección de Pensiones Civiles y Retiro (ibiro byigihugu bishinzwe pansiyo, uyumunsi ISSSTE), Centre Urbano (cyangwa benshi bamenyereye) Perezidae Alemán (1947–50) muri Colonia del Valle na Centro Urbano (cyangwa benshi) Benito Juárez (1951) –52) muri Koloniya y'Abaroma, yazanye ibitekerezo byemewe na Ville Radieuse ya Le Corbusier mumyenda yo mumujyi.
Umushinga we waje nyuma, Conjunto Urbano Tlatelolco Nonoalco yubatswe mu 1960–65, wari ugamije guteza imbere kamwe mu turere dukennye cyane two mu mujyi, Santiago Tlatelolco, wari uhindutse akajagari. Kubwamahirwe, nyuma yigihe gito, aho guha amazu yabatuye abahoze muri Tlatelolco, ruswa yarabaye kandi amazu menshi yahawe abakozi ba leta.
Niyonkuru Ibrahim
Niyonkuru Abraham (wavutse ku ya 26 Ukuboza 1989) ni umukinnyi wo gusiganwa ku maguru mu Burundi wiruka muri marato ya metero 10,000. Niyonkuru yitabiriye imikino y'Olempike yo mu 2016 yabereye i Rio de Janeiro, muri Burezili. Mu mikino Olempike,. Niyonkuru yanitabiriye amarushanwa ya Shampiyona y’abato ku isi, Amarushanwa abiri y’isi, Jeux de la Francophonie, Shampiyona y’abasirikare ku isi, Shampiyona y’imikino ngororamubiri na Marato ya Auray-Vannes.
Imiturire Rusange
Mu gihe umutingito wo mu 1985, ibigo bya Benito Juárez na Nonoalco-Tlaltelolco byangiritse cyane, inyubako zimwe zirasenyuka. Uyu munsi benshi mu bamenyereye Benito Juárez barasenyutse.
Niyonkuru Ibrahim
Irushanwa
Umukino wa mbere wa Niyonkuru yari muri Shampiyona y'isi ya IAAF 2005. Yarushanwe mu marushanwa y'abato yarangije ku mwanya wa 33 mu bakinnyi 133 [lower-alpha 1] akoresheje iminota 25 n'amasegonda 32. Muri 2005 Jeux de la Francophonie Niyonkuru yarushanwe muri metero 10,000. Niyonkuru yarangije ku mwanya wa kane mu minota 29 n'amasegonda 18.08, amasegonda 0.03 nu mudari wa silver, Maroc Abderrahim Goumri. Niyonkuru yahise yitabira Shampiyona y'urubyiruko ku isi mu 2006. Yarangije ku mwanya wa gatanu muri metero 10,000 akoresheje iminota 28 n'amasegonda 59.92. Yasubiye inyuma ho amasegonda inyuma inyuma yuwatsinze iri siganwa, Ibrahim Jeilan wo muri Etiyopiya. Mu 2007, Niyonkuru yitabiriye igikombe cy'isi cy'abato 2007. Yarangije ku mwanya wa 13 mu minota 24 n'amasegonda 56. Yarangije amasegonda 49 inyuma yuwabonye umudali wa zahabu, Umunyakenya Asbel Kiprop. Mu mikino ya gisirikare yisi ya 2009, Niyonkuru yegukanye umudari wa feza muri metero 10,000. Igihe cye cy'iminota 29 n'amasegonda 37.14 cyari amasegonda 23.67 inyuma yuwabonye yumudari wa zahabu, Essa Ismail Rashed wo muri Qatar. Niyonkuru yarushije amasegonda 4.97 imbere yumudari wa bronze, Tuniziya El Akhdar Hachani. Niyonkuru yatsinze igice cya Marato ya Auray-Vannes 2015 mu isaha imwe iminota itatu amasegonda makumyabiri. Mu mikino Olempike yo mu 2016, Niyonkuru yitabiriye marato y'abagabo ku ya 21 Kanama 2016, ariko ntiyarangije urushanwa. Muri 2017 yitabiriye marato y'abagabo muri Shampiyona y'isi, ashyira ku mwanya wa 71 akoresheje 2:42:27.
Imiturire Rusange
Mexico ifite uburambe mu mishinga yimiturire kuva ku butegetsi bwa Porfirio Díaz (1877–1880, 1884–1911). Kimwe muri ibyo biracyasigaye kandi niBarrio wa Loreto muri San Ángel, Álvaro Obregón mu mujyi wa Mexico, wari umushinga w'abakozi bo mu ruganda rukora impapuro.
Niyonkuru Ibrahim
REBA
Ikiciro:Umukinnyi Ikiciro:Umukinnyi w'iruka na maguru
Imiturire Rusange
Ingingo nkuru: Amazu rusange muri Porto Rico
Abaturanyi bo muri Porto Rico bakunze kugabanywamo amoko atatu: barrio, urbanización (urbanisation) na público yo guturamo (amazu rusange). Urbanización ni ubwoko bwamazu aho ubutaka butezwa imbere mubufindo, akenshi nuwitezimbere wigenga, kandi hubatswe amazu yumuryango umwe. Vuba aha, hubatswe ibice bitari umuryango umwe, nka condominium n'inzu zo mu mujyi nabyo biri muri iki cyiciro. . Ku rundi ruhande, amazu ni amazu y’amazu yubatswe ku nkunga ya leta, cyane cyane binyuze muri gahunda za Minisiteri ishinzwe imiturire n’iterambere ry’imijyi muri Amerika (HUD) na Minisiteri y’ubuhinzi muri Amerika (USDA). Ibi byari bisanzwe bigizwe nimiryango myinshi mumazu yimiturire yitwa Barriada cyangwa Caserío (kandi vuba aha ni Residencial Publico), kandi aho ibibuga byose byo hanze bigizwe nibice bisangiwe.
Kwiyongera ariko, iterambere ryamazu rusange ririmo kubakwa rigizwe nizindi nzu zisanzwe zamazu yimiryango myinshi hamwe nibibuga byose byo hanze bigizwe nibice bisangiwe hanze, urugero, amazu rusange ashobora kuba agizwe nibice byuburaro bwimiryango imwe. Hanyuma, inzu itari muri urbanizacion cyangwa iyiterambere ryimiturire rusange bivugwa ko iri muri (kandi kugirango ibe igice) barrio. Muri Porto Rico, barrio nayo ifite ubusobanuro bwa kabiri kandi butandukanye cyane busobanura ibisobanuro byemewe: agace ka geografiya komini igabanijwemo intego zubutegetsi. Ni muri urwo rwego, urbanizaciones kimwe n’iterambere ry’imiturire rusange (kimwe na barriyo imwe cyangwa nyinshi mu buryo buzwi) zishobora kuba ziri muri kamwe muri utwo turere 901.
Leta zunz'ubumwe
Mayanga Maku
Ubuzima
Yakinnye kuva muri 1968 kugeza 1982 muri AS Vita Club, aho yiganjemo amarushanwa yi gihugu ndetse atwara igikombe cya Afrika cya Champion ikipe muri 1973.
Imiturire Rusange
Ingingo nyamukuru: Amazu yatanzwe muri Amerika
Mayanga Maku
Ubuzima
yari Umukinnyi mpuzamahanga wa Zayire kuva muri 1970 kugeza 1979, yarushanwe muri CAN muri 1972 ( 4, atsinda ibitego 3), CAN muri 1974 (yatsinze, n'ibitego 3), ni gikombe cyisi muri 1974 ( 1 kuzenguruka, imikino 3 yakinnye, ibitego 0).
Imiturire Rusange
Inzu y'amagorofa 20 John F. Hylan mu gice cya Bushwick cya Brooklyn, Umujyi wa New York.
Imishinga ya Gardens ya Ramona i Los Angeles, muri Californiya.
Simon Sserunkuma
Simon Peter Sserunkuma (wavutse 19 Nzeri 1991) ni umukinnyi ukina umupira w'amaguru ukomoka muri Uganda ukinira ikipea ya Simba SC yo muri Premier League ya Tanzaniya.
Imiturire Rusange
Mu kinyejana cya cumi n'icyenda na mbere ya makumyabiri, uruhare rwa leta mu miturire y'abakene ahanini rwashyizeho ibipimo ngenderwaho. Atlanta, Inzu ya Techwood Homes yo muri Jeworujiya, yeguriwe mu 1935, niwo mushinga wa mbere w’imiturire rusange mu gihugu. Imiryango myinshi yimiturire yatejwe imbere guhera mu 1930 kandi amazu ya mbere yabaturage yari asanzwe avanwa mucyaro, icyifuzo cyashimangiwe n’abubatsi bigenga ko kuri buri gice cyamazu rusange yubatswe, igice cyamazu yigenga kizasenywa.
Mayanga Maku
Ubuzima
Yatoje muri make ikipe ya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo muri 2001.
Simon Sserunkuma
Abatsinze FC
Yatangiye bwa mbere muri shampiyona yo muri 2007 mu mukino yakinnye na Kampala City Council FC. Mu gihe yamaranye na Victors FC yabatsindiye Super League muri 2008, ni umukinnyi ufite agaciro n'igikombe cya Uganda mu mwaka umwe.
Imiturire Rusange
Ibi kandi byagabanije impungenge z’ikigo mu gukuraho cyangwa guhindura uturere bakunze gufatwa nk’indwara, kandi bikagaragaza ingamba z’isuku zigenda zitera imbere. Byongeye kandi, amazu rusange, hamwe na Porogaramu nkuru y’imihanda, yashenye amazu ashaje, atujuje ubuziranenge y’abaturage bafite ibara muri Amerika.
Simon Sserunkuma
SC Villa
Yabaye umukinnyi uhenze cyane mu mateka ya Uganda ubwo SC Villa yishyuraga Victors FC miliyoni 16 z'amashiringi ($ 10,000) muri Gicurasi muri 2009.
Imiturire Rusange
Ariko, kuza kw'imiryango y'ihema by'agateganyo mugihe cy'ihungabana rikomeye byateje impungenge Ubuyobozi. Porogaramu rusange y’imiturire rusange yashyizweho n’itegeko ryo mu 1937, aho ibikorwa "byakomezaga cyane cyane ku bukode bw’abakode." kuruta uko byari bimeze mu myaka ya za 70. Abanyamerika benshi bahuza iminara minini, igorofa n’amazu rusange, ariko imishinga yo hambere yari hasi cyane, nubwo Le Corbusier superblock zafashwe mbere yintambara ya kabiri yisi yose.
Simon Sserunkuma
Umwuga mpuzamahanga
Sserunkuma yerekeje mu ikipe y'igihugu ubwo yatozwaga na Bobby Williamson baje gutsinda Malawi ibitego 2-1. Muri Werurwe 2010, yaje gukira imvune yari yakomeretse kugira ngo abashe kujya mu majonjora yo guhatanira itike yo guhatanira kuzakina igikombe cya Afurika cya (CHAN) bakinnye n'Uburundi aho yagize uruhare rukomeye mu gutsinda  iyi kipe y'igihugu.
Umufa
Umufa ni isosi iboneka hatogoshejwe amagufa y’inka, ihene, cg se inkoko, hari n’abakoresha amafi. Uyu mufa ni ingirakamaro cyane, kuko wuzuyemo intungamubiri nyinshi.
Imiturire Rusange
Igikorwa kidasanzwe cyo gutura muri Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika ni uguteza imbere amazu yo mu rwego rwo hejuru yatewe inkunga mu gihe cy’amasezerano mashya (1940–42) ayobowe n’ishami rishinzwe imiturire ya mutuelle nyir'ikigo gishinzwe imirimo iyobowe na Coloneli Lawrence Westbrook. Iyi mishinga umunani yaguzwe n’abaturage nyuma y’Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose kandi guhera mu 2009 imishinga irindwi ikomeje gukora nk'amasosiyete y’imiturire hagati y’abaturage bayo. Iyi mishinga iri mumateka make cyane yo gutsinda mumateka yimiturire rusange yabanyamerika.
Simon Sserunkuma
Reba
Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Uganda
Imiturire Rusange
Amazu rusange yubatswe gusa n'umugisha w'ubuyobozi bw'inzego z'ibanze, kandi imishinga hafi ya yose ntiyigeze yubakwa ku kibaya kibisi, ahubwo binyuze mu kuvugurura uturere dushaje. Isenywa ryamazu no kwirukana abaturage babo bafite amikoro make byahoraga bitera ibibazo mubaturanyi hafi yisoko ryimitungo "yoroshye". Amazu, amazu cyangwa ibindi bice byo guturamo mubisanzwe biterwa inkunga kubukode-bwinjiza-amafaranga (RGI). Bamwe mubaturage ubu bakiriye amafaranga avanze, hamwe nabafashijwe hamwe nubukode bwisoko, mugihe bagenera amazu uko aboneka.
Umufa
Mu kuwuteka ni ngombwa kuzirikana cyane igihe umara utetswe; kumara igihe kinini ku muriro bifasha ko imyunyungugu n’izindi ntungamubiri ziboneka ku bwinshi.
Dawe uri mwijuru
thumb|Akarere ka Nyamasheke
Umufa
Umufa (w’amagufa) urimo intungamubiri nyinshi cyane; imyunyungugu nka kalisiyumu na manyesiyumu ihita yinjira mu mubiri ku buryo bworoshye. Ubonekamo kandi amino acide z’ingenzi; glycine na proline, zombi zidapfa kuboneka byoroshye mu nyama zisanzwe.
Dawe uri mwijuru
Intangiriro
thumb|Ifoto ifatiwe mu kirere igaragaza umuhanda wo kuri Dawe uri mu ijuru. Aha ni ku birometero bibiri gusa ukiva mu isantere  ya Mugonero mu karere ka Nyamasheke, hakaba  ku muhanda Rusizi-Karongi ukimara neza neza kurenga akarere ka  Nyamasheke  utangiye kwinjira mu Karere ka Karongi.
Umufa
Urugero ruri hejuru rw’imyunyu ngugu
Umufa wuzuyemo imyunyungugu y’ingenzi iboneka mu magufa ndetse n’umusokoro. Ni isoko nziza ya kalisiyumu na manyesiyumu, zihita zikoreshwa n’umubiri mu buryo bworoshye. Zombi zikaba ingenzi cyane mu gutuma amenyo akomera n’amagufa agakura neza kandi akomeye.
Iyi myunyungugu kandi igira uruhare rukomeye mu mikorere myiza y’umutima n’urwungano rw’ubwonko (nervous system) no gukora neza kw’imikaya.
Mu mico itandukanye aho usanga kubona amata n’ibiyakomokaho ari ikibazo, umufa usanga ari ifunguro ry’ingenzi mu gutuma abana bakura neza. Ariyo nayo mpamvu usanga ugaburirwa abana cyane.
Ibitaro bya Mugonero
Ibitaro bya Mugonero biherereye mu kagari ka Ngoma umurenge wa Gishyita akarere ka Karongi, mu intara y'iburengerazuba, bikaba ari ibitaro bishingiye ku itorero ry’Abadiventisiti b’Umunsi wa Karindwi, aho baherutse guhabwa amahugurwa n'imikoreshereze ku bitera inkongi z'umuriro, uko bazirinda ndetse nuko bazizimya mugihe zibaye.
Ibibazo by'bidukikije muri Azaribayijani
Kimwe na repubulika nyinshi zahoze zigize Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti, Azaribayijan yagize iterambere ryihuse mu bukungu bituma habaho ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije, harimo no gukoresha nabi umutungo kamere. Guverinoma ya Azaribayijan igamije kongera kurengera ibidukikije no gukoresha neza umutungo kamere, kandi yashyizeho amategeko menshi y’ingenzi, inyandiko z’amategeko na gahunda za Leta hagamijwe kuzamura ibidukikije mu gihugu. Ariko, aya mategeko yo kwirinda ntabwo yigeze akora neza nkuko byari bikwiye. Gukorera mu mucyo byabaye ikibazo gihoraho muri Azaribayijan, kubera ko imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta ihabwa uburenganzira bwo gukusanya amakuru mu ruganda rutunganya peteroli akenshi ihagarikwa cyangwa ikirukanwa, kandi amakuru yabo akusanywa mu buryo butemewe. Abakora peteroli mu gihugu bakunze guhunga amabwiriza, kandi ntibabujije ko peteroli yinjira mu nyanja ya Kaspiya. Mu myaka 30 iri imbere, Azerubayijani izatanga peteroli nyinshi kuruta uko yakoraga mu kinyejana gishize, kandi kuri ubu nta guhuza ibikorwa cyangwa gukumira ibidukikije mu bikorwa byo gucukura peteroli. Hariho kandi kubura itumanaho n’ibihugu bituranye bihana imbibi n’inyanja ya Kaspiya.
Mayanga Maku
Ubuzima
Amaze gukinira mu Bubiligi, cyane  mu mikino Olempike de Charleroi, yarahatuye. Umuhungu we Albert "Alba" Pemba Mayanga na we yari umukinnyi w'umupira w'amaguru mu rukurikirane rw'igihugu cy'Ububiligi. Abishywa be Michaël na Jordan Mayanga nabo bakinnye mu cyiciro cy’igihugu cy’Ububiligi.
Dawe uri mwijuru
amakorosi
Ukigera aha uhita usanganirwa n’amakorosi ateye ubwoba harimo niri ryiswe kuri “Dawe uri mu ijuru”, ikorosi ryitiriwe isengesho rikoreshwa na benshi mu madini atandukanye ku Isi.
Inkuka
thumb|Inkengero z'ikiyaga cyangwa uruzi
Mayanga Maku
amahuza yo hanze
Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Congo
Imiturire Rusange
Impinduka zikomeye muri gahunda zabaye mu 1969, hamwe n’igice cya Brooke Ivugurura. Ubukode ubu bwashyizwe kuri 25% yubukode is yinjiza bivuye ko gahunda yatangiye gukorera "abapangayi bakennye cyane."
Ishami rya Leta ry’imyubakire n’iterambere ry’imijyi (HUD) muri gahunda ya HOPE VI yo mu 1993 ryakemuye impungenge z’imitungo ibabaje ndetse n’ibihungabanya umutekano hamwe n’imishinga yo kuvugurura no gutera inkunga imishinga yo kuvugurura amazu rusange kugira ngo igabanye ubukana bwayo kandi yemererwe abapangayi bafite imishahara ivanze. [27] 28] Imishinga ikomeje kuba ikirangirire mu ihohoterwa, gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge, n’uburaya, cyane cyane muri New Orleans, Washington, D.C. Chicago na Detroit, bigatuma hajyaho itegeko ryo muri 1996 ryitwa "imyigaragambyo imwe uri hanze", ryemerera kwirukana abapangayi. bahamwe n'ibyaha, cyane cyane bifitanye isano n'ibiyobyabwenge, cyangwa gusa bitewe no kuburanishwa ku byaha bimwe na bimwe.
Ibindi bigerageza gukemura ibyo bibazo harimo 1974 [30] Igice cya 8 Gahunda yimiturire, ishishikariza abikorera kubaka amazu ahendutse, hamwe n’imiturire rusange. Iyi mfashanyo irashobora "gushingira kumushinga", gutanga inkunga, cyangwa "gushingira kubakodesha", itanga abapangayi inyemezabuguzi, byemewe na banyiri amazu.
Aziya
Ubushinwa
"Inzu ishaje rusange" muri Pengpu Xincun, Shanghai.
Inzu ikodeshwa mu Ntara ya Ningnan, Sichuan.
Sisitemu y’imiturire rusange yashyizweho igihe Ishyaka rya gikomunisiti ry’Abashinwa ryatangiraga ubukungu bwateganijwe mu myaka ya za 1950 mu rwego rwo Kuzamuka kwinshi. Sisitemu yatewe inkunga n'ingengo y'imari ya guverinoma yo hagati kandi yayoborwaga kandi igabanywa n'ibigo bya Leta. Abari mu mazu rusange ubusanzwe bari abakozi b'ibigo n'umuryango wabo, bagombaga kwishyura ubukode ku giciro gito cyane. Ingano n'ubwoko bw'icyumba ingo zakiriye zaterwaga n'izina ry'akazi cyangwa urwego rw'ubuyobozi. Guverinoma yo hagati yasanze bigoye kubungabunga amazu rusange kubera ubukode buke yakiriye; politiki yo gukwirakwiza yari igamije kuba "uburinganire" mu by'ukuri yarangiritse.
Guverinoma y'Ubushinwa yacuruzaga isoko ry’amazu nyuma y’ivugurura ry’ubukungu ryatangiye mu 1978 na Deng Xiaoping. Amazu rusange yubatswe mbere y’ivugurura ry’ubukungu yashyizwe mu rwego rwa "Inzu rusange za kera" (Igishinwa: 老公 房). "Inzu za Leta zishaje", ntabwo, zagombaga kugurishwa ku giti cyazo, ariko urugo rwashoboraga kugurisha nyuma yo kugura nyir'inyubako (ntabwo ari umutungo), kandi ibyo bikorwa byagombaga gusuzumwa n’ubuyobozi bw’imiturire n’aho Komisiyo ishinzwe kugenzura no gucunga umutungo wa Leta. Icyakora, uburyo bwo gutanga dosiye mu buryo butemewe na politiki idasobanutse byaviriyemo ibibazo bya ruswa n'amakimbirane yo mu miryango. [33]
Dawe uri mwijuru
Uko byaje
Iyo twajyaga kugera aha hantu twabanzaga gusenga ngo tuharenge ku buryo bamwe mu banyabwoba  babanzaga kuva mu modoka  kugira ngo badahirima ndetse abasigaragamo babaga bahiye ubwoba basenga ngo dawe uri mu ijuru, dawe uri mu ijuru, twasubiraga inyuma inshuro ebyiri maze iya gatatu akaba aribwo tuhakata, kandi icyo gihe busi zari nkeya hakoraga iza Onatracom gusa, abantu babaga bahagaze abandi bicaye. Iryo sengesho ryazanwe niryo korosi ubundi ntabwo iryo zina ryagombaga kuza ni uko babaga basenga ngo baharenge amahoro kandi iyo basengaga babaga bagaruka kuri Dawe uri mu ijuru. thumb|Umuhanda wa Dawe uri mw'ijuru
Ntakirutimana Eliyeli
Ntakirutimana Eliel inzobere y'umunyarwanda iba muri America.
AMERICA
Dogiteri Eliyeli Ntakirutimana (Nataki) ni we Munyarwanda wa mbere wabonye impamyabushobozi nyinshi mu buvuzi kandi zemewe n’igihugu cya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Koko rero Dogiteri Nataki abarirwa mu baganga ba kabuhariwe b’Abanyamerika.
Ibitaro bya Mugonero
Amashakiro
Ikiciro:Rwanda Ikiciro:Rwiyemeza mirimo
Inkuka
Inkombe
thumb|inkuka Ubutaka buri muri metero 50 uvuye ku nkombe z’ibiyaga na metero 10 uvuye ku nkombe z’imigezi buri mu mutungo rusange wa Leta, Itegeko rigenga Ibidukikije mu Rwanda, rivuga ko bitemewe gushyira ibikorwa by’ubuhinzi cyangwa inyubako mu butaka buri muri izo metero.
Ntakirutimana Eliyeli
UBUZIMA BWITE
Ntakirutimana Eliyeli cyangwa Nataki yavukiye i Murama, nyuma ababyeyi be baza kwimukira ku Mugonerero (Kibuye) ubu ni mukarere ka Karongi, Se umubyara yari Umuvugabutumwa w’idini y’Abadiventiste b’umunsi wa karindwi wayoboye itorero ryo ku Mugonero igihe kirekire yitwaga Pasteur Ntakirutimana Elizafani.
Dawe uri mwijuru
Umuhanda
Abanyuraga muri uyu muhanda nta kabuza batekerezaga ko bashobora kuhasiga ubuzima mu gihe hatabaye impuhwe z’Imana. Kugeza ubu haratunganyijwe  umuhanda ugurwa ndetse banashyiramo kaburimbo.Uyu muhanda yari umuhanda w’itaka iyo umushoferi yarangaraga gato yibukaga yageze mu manga, Abantu iyo bageraga aha hantu  baravugaga bati wa Mana we umfashe ndenge aha hantu.Gusa aha hantu ntabwo hacyitwa kuri Dawe uri mu ijuru kukoigihamya cy’ impinduka ku miterere yaha hantu cyatumye iri zina rivaho ubu hahawe izina ryigisubizo ryitwa “Muri Yesu ashimwe.
Inkuka
Amashakiro
Ikiciro:Ibidukikije Ikiciro:Ibiti Ikiciro:Ubutaka
Ntakirutimana Eliyeli
IBYO YIZE
Dogiteri Eliyeli Nataki yize amashuri abanza ku Mugonero akomereza ayisumbuye mu gihugu cya  Uganda, Kubera umurava n’ubuhanga buhanitse byamuranze akiri muto, Dogiteri Eliyeli yagiye gukomereza kaminuza ya Montemorelos mu gihugu cya Mexico (1975-1982) ahakura Impamyabushobozi y’ikirenga iherekejwe n’amashimo menshi mu buvuzi (Doctorat en médecine).
Dawe uri mwijuru
Amashakiro
Ikiciro:Ibidukikije Ikiciro:Umuhanda Ikiciro:Ibiti
Ntakirutimana Eliyeli
INZOBERE
Dogiteri Ntakirutimana Nataki Ntiyarekeye aho ahubwo yagiye mu mugi wa New York afata imyaka itari mike mu masomo ajyanye no kunononsora ubumenyi mu kuvura indwara zihariye(Specialités) muri Kaminuza za Columbia University na New York Health Science Center in Brooklyn (1986-1989) Muri make Dogiteri Nataki ni inzobere mu byerekeye :
Imiturire Rusange
Igitekerezo cyamazu yubukode buhendutse gishobora gukomoka kumatangazo ya politiki yo mu 1998, [ibisobanuro bikenewe] ariko ntibyatangiye rwose kugeza 2006 kubera inkunga nke nibibazo byubuyobozi. Gutanga amazu ahendutse ni kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bigize gahunda y’imyaka cumi na gatanu y’Ubushinwa, igamije kubaka amazu miliyoni 36 mu mwaka wa 2015. Amafaranga y’iyi gahunda azagabanywa hagati y’abikorera ndetse na Leta kandi biteganijwe ko agera kuri tiriyari eshanu n'ishoramari mpuzamahanga ry'Ubushinwa.
Ntakirutimana Eliyeli
INZOBERE
1. Gutera ikinya (Anestésie générale)
Imiturire Rusange
Ingingo nyamukuru: Amazu rusange muri Hong Kong
Clague Garden Estate, umutungo rusange wamazu muri Tsuen Wan, Hong Kong
Muri Hong Kong, amazu rusange ni imwe muri politiki nkuru y’imiturire ya guverinoma. Hafi ya kimwe cya kabiri cyabaturage ba Hong Kong miliyoni 7.5 baba mu mazu rusange. Ibintu bibiri nyamukuru bitanga amazu rusange ni ikigo gishinzwe imiturire hamwe na societe yimiturire.
Ntakirutimana Eliyeli
INZOBERE
3.Kuvura indwara nyinshi zijyane n’uburibwe bw’amagufa, imitsi, ububabare bw’imikaya n’ingingo.
Imiturire Rusange
Ubwoko bw'amazu rusange akunze kugaragara muri Hong Kong ni amazu akodeshwa rusange (PRH) hamwe n'amagorofa yo kugurisha agurishwa yatanzwe muri gahunda yo gutunga amazu (HOS). Mu mwaka wa 2016, ingo zigera kuri 31 ku ijana z'ingo za Hong Kong zabanaga mu magorofa ya PRH mu gihe 15 ku ijana babaga mu mazu agurishwa ku nkunga (y'ubwoko bwose).
Ntakirutimana Eliyeli
PAIN CONSULTANTS OF TEXAS
Dogiteri Ntakirutimana Nataki Mu mugi wa Laredo, Dogiteri Nataki yatangiriye ku buvuzi bw’indwara z’umutima ubwo yakoranaga n’abaganga b’inzobere bo muri Leta ya Texas, muri iki gihe yashinze ibitaro bye bwite (PCT : Pain Consultants of Texas)  aho avura indwara nyinshi ndetse akanabaga(chirurgie).
Imiturire Rusange
Inkomoko y’amazu manini manini muri Hong Kong ashobora guturuka kuri gahunda yo kwimura abantu yatangijwe na guverinoma ya Hong Kong mu myaka ya za 1950 mu rwego rwo guhangana n’ubwiyongere bw’imiturire y’imiturire, bwagaragaye bitewe n’impunzi nyinshi z’impunzi zikurikira Impinduramatwara y'Abakomunisiti mu Bushinwa. Imidugudu y’abatutsi yafatwaga nk’umutekano muke kubera ko ishobora kwibasirwa n’umuriro uteye ubwoba, harimo n’umuriro wo mu 1953 wabereye i Shek Kip Mei watumye abantu barenga 50.000 batagira aho baba. [38]
Imitungo minini yo gutuza yubatswe mu myaka ya za 1950 na 1960. Mu 1973, guverinoma ya Sir Murray MacLehose yatangije gahunda y’imyaka icumi y’imiturire, yari igamije guha abaturage bose "amazu meza" mu myaka icumi ishize. Guverinoma kandi yatangije gahunda yo gutunga amazu (HOS) mu 1976 kugira ngo ingo zinjiza amafaranga make zigure amazu.
Ibiti muri burera
thumb|Ibiti muri Burera
Ibibazo by'bidukikije muri Azaribayijani
Ingaruka ku buzima
Uburyo bukabije bw’umwanda ni ibi bikurikira: peteroli yajugunywe mu gihe cy’Abasoviyeti, gusohora imyanda, ububiko bwa sturgeon, kugabanuka kw’ikirere, no gukoresha cyane imiti yica udukoko n’ifumbire. Benshi mubaturage bahora bahura nibihumanya, kandi bemeye kuyibamo. Ndetse bamwe batanga ibisobanuro kubwiza bwinyanja hamwe nigice cyamavuta kibengerana hejuru. Ku bw'amahirwe, impumuro hamwe nibishobora guhora bihura numwuka wangiza ni impungenge kubuzima bwaho, cyane cyane ku nkombe z'Azaribayijan. Ingaruka zinganda zikomoka kuri peteroli nizo mpungenge zubuzima zikurikira: byangiza ibihaha, igogora, itembera, hamwe n’umubiri. Mu bihe bibi cyane, ihinduka ry'imiterere irashobora kubaho. Amazi yo mu butaka nayo yibasiwe n'amavuta yamenetse atera kanseri n'indwara za bagiteri nka kolera na hepatite.
Ntakirutimana Eliyeli
AMASHAKIRO
Ikiciro:Ubuvuzi mu Rwanda Ikiciro:Rwanda
Ibiti muri burera
Intangiriro
Abaturage bo mu karere ka Burera batangaza ko usibye kuba ibiti birwanya isuri ndetse bikanatanga umwuka mwiza abantu bahumeka, ngo bibafite akamaro by’umwihariko ku bijyanye n’ubuhinzi bwabo bw’ibishyimbo. Akarere ka Burera abaturage baho bishimiye gutera ibiti bakanabibungabunga kuko bazi akamaro kabyo.
Abaturage
Benshi mu baturage bo mu karere ka Burera batunzwe n’ubuhinzi. Bahinga ibihingwa bitandukanye byatoranyijwe muri ako karere birimo ibirayi, ibigori, ingano ndetse n’ibishyimbo. Iyo ibyo bihingwa byeze abo baturage barihaza ndetse bagasagurira n’amasoko kuko bafite ubutaka bwera cyane. thumb|Imishingiriro
umushingiriro
Ku bijyanye n’ibishyimbo, abanyaburera bahinga ibishyimbo by’umushingiriro gusa. Kuburyo usanga iyo ari mu gihe cy’ihinga ryabyo abahinzi birirwa bashaka hirya no hino ibiti byo gushingirira ibyo bishyimbo. Abafite imirima minini usanga barahinze imbingo abandi bo bagatera ibiti bivangwa n’imyaka ku nkengero z’imirima yabo kugira ngo bizabahe ibiti by’imishingirimo. Ubwo habaga umuganda wo gutera ibiti, abaturage batandukanye bavuze ko bagomba kubitera kuko bazi akamaro kabyo.
Ibiti byatewe
thumb|Ibiti hatewe ibiti bivangwa n’imyaka byitwa Alinus, ibihumbi 17 na 378, ahantu hangana na Hegitari 69. Ndetse no ku kiyaga cya Burera haterwa imigano ingemwe ibihumbi biri kuri hagitari ebyiri. Ibyo biti bivangwa n’imyaka byagiye biterwa mu mirima y’abaturage. Bamwe mu baturage ariko bibajije niba ibyo biti bizabaha imishingiriro.
Amashakiro
Ikiciro:Ibidukikije Ikiciro:Ibiti
Imiturire Rusange
Amazu menshi yimiturire rusange yubatswe muri gahunda nshya ziterambere ryumujyi. Mu myaka ya za 1980, igice kinini cyimiturire ya mbere (kuva 1950 na mbere ya 1960) nacyo cyongeye kubakwa muburyo bugezweho. Amazu rusange akomeje guhangayikishwa na guverinoma ya Hong Kong, inzira yo kubaka ibice bigera kuri 330.000 hagati ya 2022 na 2032. [40]
Gahunda ya 2063
Raporo ya mbere yo ku mugabane wa Afurika ku ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya Gahunda ya 2063 yatanzwe na Perezida Alassane Ouattara wa Kote divuwari ku ya 10 Gashyantare 2020, ibyo bikaba byatangiye ukwezi kwa kabiri. Ipima iterambere rirwanya intego zasobanuwe kuri gahunda yambere yimyaka icumi yo gushyira mu bikorwa kandi yatangijwe hamwe nu rubuga rwa interineti rwerekana interineti rwerekana iterambere mu bice bitandukanye bya Gahunda ndetse n’uturere.
Imiturire Rusange
Indoneziya
Ubuyapani
Ingingo nyamukuru: Danchi
Danchi.
Ikigo cy’Ubuyapani gishinzwe imiturire (JHC), ubu kizwi ku izina rya Urban Renaissance Agency (UR), cyashinzwe mu 1955. Mu myaka ya za 1950, 1960, na 1970, JHC yubatse danchi nyinshi mu duce two mu nkengero kugira ngo ibyifuzo by’amazu byiyongera muri uyu mwanya. -Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose yazamutse mu bukungu. Yinjije umushahara w’Abayapani ubuzima bukikije umuryango wa kirimbuzi bitandukanye n’amazu menshi mbere yintambara.
Ubwishyu bwubukode bwa danchi buhendutse cyane kuruta ubw'inzu cyangwa inguzanyo, ariko kuri danchi rusange abashaka gukodesha bagomba kwitabira ubufindo kugirango bahabwe inzu ifunguye. Abatuye muri UR danchi ntibagomba kwishyura amafaranga y'ingenzi cyangwa amafaranga yo kuvugurura amasezerano, bigatuma amazu aba ahendutse kuruta amazu agereranywa nubwo ubukode buri kwezi bungana. [47]
Gahunda ya 2063
Imishinga yibendera
Gahunda ikubiyemo imishinga 15 yibendera, byagaragaye ko ari urufunguzo rwo gufasha no kwihutisha iterambere mu nzego zose ziterambere. Aba ni :
Imiturire Rusange
Singapore
Ingingo nyamukuru: Amazu rusange muri Singapore
Muri Singapuru, gahunda yimiturire rusange, cyane cyane igenamigambi niterambere ryamazu mashya rusange no kugabana amazu akodeshwa no kugurisha amazu asanzwe afite, bicungwa ninama ishinzwe imiturire niterambere. Imicungire ya buri munsi y’imiturire rusange yahawe Inama Njyanama y’Umujyi iyobowe n’abadepite baho.
Steven Sserwadda
Steven Sserwadda (wavutse ku ya 28 Kanama 2002) ni umukinnyi ukina umupira w'amaguru   ukomoka muri Uganda ukina nkumukinnyi wo hagati mukibuga, muri shampiyona ya League soccer mu ikipe nkuru y’umupira w'amaguru ya New York Red Bulls ndetse n'ikipe y'igihugu ya Uganda.
Imiturire Rusange
Muri 2018, 78.7% by'Abanya Singapuru baba mu iterambere rusange ry’imiturire rusange, guhera ku bice bya sitidiyo kugeza ku mazu nyobozi yatanzwe na HDB, ikintu gikomeye muri Singapuru gifite kimwe mu bipimo by’imitungo myinshi - hejuru ya 90% by'abatuye - muri isi. [48]
Vietnam
Ibibazo by'bidukikije muri Azaribayijani
Ubundi buryo bwo guhumaya
Ibikurikira nibibazo nyamukuru by'ibidukikije bya Azaribayijan:
Steven Sserwadda
KCCA
Sserwadda yavukiye i Kampala, yatangiye gukina mu rubyiruko rw’ikipe ya Kampala Capital City Authority FC muri 2015. Muri 2018 yazamuwe mu ikipe ya mbere ya KCCA nyuma yo kuzamuka mu ntera y'a makipe y'urubyiruko. Nyuma y'amezi make, yagaragaye bwa mbere mu makipe mpuzamahanga mu gikombe cya CAF Confederation Cup yo muri 2018–19 yabatsinze ikipe yo muri Tanzaniya,ya  Mtibwa Sugar. Muri kimwe cya kabiri kirangiza mu gikombe cya Uganda, Sserwadda yatsinze ibitego bibiri mu bitego bigera 9-0 batsinze ikipe ya Synergy FC. Mu gihe yari kumwe niyi kipe yatsindiye ibikombe bitandukanye, harimo: Igikombe kimwe cya Kagame Interclub, igikombe kimwe cya Uganda Premier League, na 2 Super, n'igikombe cya  Super 8.
Ku ya 30 Nzeri 2021, Sserwadda yinjiye muri Shampiyona ya USLmu ikipe ya New York Red Bulls II. Sserwadda yatangiye gukinira Red Bulls II ku ya 15 Ukwakira 2021, ubwo yanganyaga na Tampa Bay Rowdies igitego 1-1. Ku ya 31 Nyakanga 2022, Sserwadda yatsinze igitego cya mbere hamwe na New York Red Bulls II ubwo yatsirwaga na New Mexico United 1-2. Ku ya 9 Kanama 2022, Sserwadda yatsinze igitego cyo kunganya intsinzi ya Atlanta United 2-1.
New York Red Bulls (intizanyo)
Ku ya 22 Kamena 2022, New York Red Bulls yatangaje ko basinyanye na Sserwadda ku ntizanyo y'igihe gito, mbere yogukina yuko kimwe cya kane kirangiza muri Amerika ya 2022 bakina na New York City FC. Sserwadda yerekeje mu ikipe ya mbere muri Red Bulls umunsi umwe asimbuye Luquinhas ku munota wa 84.
Muri New York Red Bulls
Ku ya 9 Nyakanga 2022, Sswerwadda y'imukiye burundu kuri Red Bulls ku rutonde rw'amakipe ya mbere.
Umwuga mpuzamahanga
Sserwadda yagaragaye mu mikino itandatu yose yakiniye Uganda mu gikombe cy'ibihugu cyo 2021 bya Afrika abaterengeje imyaka 20. Yatsinze ibitego bibiri mu matsinda, agira uruhare runini mu kwiruka ku mukino wa nyuma. Yatangiye gukinira ikipe y'igihugu ya Uganda mu mukino wa gicuti 1–1 (5–4) yatsinze Tajikistan ku ya 25 Werurwe 2022.
Gahunda ya 2063
Gushyira mu bikorwa
Agace k'ubucuruzi ku mugabane w' Afurika ku mugabane wa Afurika ( ACFTA ) kashyizweho n'amasezerano yemejwe muri Werurwe 2018 kandi azatangira gukora guhera ku ya 1 Nyakanga 2020. Banki nyafurika ishoramari n’ikigega cy’imari nyafurika byashyizweho ku izina, icyicaro gikuru kikaba cyubatswe i Tripoli, Libiya na Yaoundé, Kameruni. Igihugu cya Misiri kigiye kwakira Ikigo Nyafurika gishinzwe icyogajuru. Pan African Virtual na E-University ( PAVEU ) yashizweho nkimbaraga za digitale ya kaminuza ya Pan-African kandi itanga icyiciro cyambere cyamasomo atatu.
Ibibazo by'bidukikije muri Azaribayijani
Amashyamba
Azaribayijan yari ifite igipimo cy’uburinganire bw’amashyamba mu mwaka wa 2018 bivuze amanota 6.55 / 10, ikaza ku mwanya wa 72 ku isi mu bihugu 172.
Gahunda ya 2063
Gushyira mu bikorwa
Imishinga myinshi irahagarikwa kubera kubura inkunga, nkumuyoboro wa gari ya moshi wihuta, ikigo cy’ikirere, n’urugomero rwa Inga.
Ibibazo by'bidukikije muri Azaribayijani
Umwanzuro
Guverinoma yibanze kuri ibyo bibazo kandi inzego z'ubutabera zatanze amategeko arengera ubuzima bwaho. Abakora ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga n’inganda zagiye zihuza n’aya mabwiriza, mu gihe atari igihe cyose, kurusha amasosiyete akora peteroli yo mu gihugu. Peteroli yo mu Bwongereza ni imwe mu masosiyete agerageza gusukura hasi y’inyanja atandukanya ibyanduye hamwe n’ibindi bisanzwe. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, abenegihugu nta mbaraga bafite kuko abaturage badashobora gushingira ku nzego z’ubutabera kugira ngo zikore kuko igihugu gikomeje gusibanganya amateka y’intambara.
Imiturire Rusange
Kuva mu myaka ya za 1960 kugeza 1980, Vietnam yubatse Khu tập thể (KTT), amazu y’imyubakire y’abasosiyalisiti ku nkengero z’imijyi y’abakozi ba Leta, abakozi b’amasosiyete ya Leta, n’abasirikare. Ivugurura ry’isoko mu mpera za 1980 ryatumye KTT yegurira abikorera ku giti cyabo igice, cyagurishijwe ku baturage binjiza amafaranga make kandi yo hagati. Kuva icyo gihe KTT yarangiritse, kubera kubura amafaranga ya komini yo gusana no kuyitaho, kandi niyo yibasiwe no gusenya, kwimurwa, no kuvugurura abaturage binjiza amafaranga menshi. [49]
Mu myaka ya za 2010, Vietnam yazamutseho ibiciro by’imitungo, aho amazu ahendutse yagabanutseho 7% by’imiturire yose kuva 2014 kugeza 2016, naho ibiciro by’amazu byazamutseho 90% hagati ya 2017 na 2020. [50] [51] Abashinzwe iterambere ntibashishikajwe n’imishinga y’imiturire kubera ko idatanga inyungu, kabone n’ubwo abakozi basabwa kwiyongera, Minisiteri y’ubwubatsi rero isaba inkunga yo kubaka amazu 294.600 y’imiturire mu gihe cya 2021 - 2025.
Uburayi
Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi
Nk’uko bigaragara mu mpapuro zaganiriweho na Komisiyo y’Uburayi mu mwaka wa 2018, mu 2015, 11.3% by’abatuye Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi babaga mu ngo zikoresha 40% cyangwa zirenga z’amafaranga yinjiza mu nzu. Muri Mutarama 2019, uwahoze ari Perezida wa Komisiyo y’Uburayi, Romano Prodi, yatangaje ko "ishoramari rusange mu bikorwa remezo by’imibereho mu gihe cy’Uburayi ryageze ku myaka 20 ishize. Ikinyuranyo cy’ishoramari mu bikorwa by’imirenge kivugwa ko kigera kuri miliyari 100 kugeza kuri 150 z'amayero, ibyo bikaba byerekana ko byibuze byibuze miliyari 1.5 z'amayero hagati ya 2018 na 2030. "[54]
Imishinga yimiturire i Burayi irashobora kuboneka mumijyi, ndetse no mumujyi.
Umuryango w'ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi wagendaga utera inkunga amazu ahendutse, akoresha ingufu kandi agerwaho n’imisanzu y’amafaranga ya CEB ndetse na EIB binyuze mu kigega cy’ibihugu by’i Burayi gishinzwe ishoramari. Inkunga ya leta yari iteganijwe kwerekezwa cyane cyane ku miturire ihendutse naho icya kabiri mu burezi no kwiga ubuzima bwabo bwose, ubuzima ndetse n’ubuvuzi bwigihe kirekire.
Otirishiya
Ingingo nyamukuru: Gemeindebau
Karl Marx-Hof, amazu rusange ya kera muri Vienne.
Amazu rusange yari ikibazo gikomeye kuva ishingwa rya Repubulika y’Ubudage na Otirishiya mu 1918. Abaturage bahuye n’ikibazo kidashidikanywaho cyane cyane ku bijyanye n’ibiribwa na lisansi. Ibi byatumye umubare munini wabantu batishoboye bimukira hafi yimijyi, akenshi bubaka amazu yigihe gito kugirango wegere aho bashobora gukura ibiryo. Biswe Siedler ('abimukira'). Igihe ibintu bya politiki byahagararaga hashyizweho Repubulika ya mbere ya Otirishiya muri Nzeri 1919, umutwe wa Siedler watangiye gushinga amashyirahamwe asanzwe nk’ishyirahamwe rya Otirishiya rishinzwe gutuza n’ubusitani buto. Intsinzi y'amatora y'Ishyaka Riharanira Demokarasi no Kurengera Ibidukikije muri Otirishiya mu matora ya Viennese Gemeinderat (inteko ishinga amategeko y'umujyi) yatumye Vienne itukura. Bimwe muri gahunda yabo kwari ugutanga amazu meza kubakozi bakora muri Viennese bagize ishingiro ryababashyigikiye. Niyo mpamvu ijambo ry'ikidage Gemeindebau (mu bwinshi: Gemeindebauten) ryerekeye "inyubako ya komini". Muri Otirishiya, bivuga inyubako zo guturamo zubatswe na komine, ubusanzwe kugirango zitange amazu rusange. Ibi byagize uruhare runini mubwubatsi n'umuco wa Vienne kuva 1920.
Gahunda ya 2063
Ihuza ryo hanze
Gahunda 2063 itera imbere kurubuga rwa NEPAD Ikiciro:Ubucuruzi
Imbuto mu ruhango
thumb|Imbuto mu ruhango
gahunda ya leta
thumb|251x251px|Igiti cyera imbuto gahunda ya Leta iteganya ko buri rugo rugira ibiti bitatu byera imbuto ziribwa, kandi ko abatarabitera bagomba kubikora kugira ngo bagire uruhare mu kurwanya imirire mibi mu bana. Gahunda irho ni uko ya leta yu Rwanda ifasha, ni uko buri rugo rugira nibura ibiti bitatu, rero mu karere ka Ruhango byaratangiye.