cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Ubwicanyi
iyo umuntu, yibutse neza kandi afite ubushishozi, yishe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’ikiremwa icyo ari cyo cyose cyumvikana mu kubaho no mu mahoro y’umwami, akoresheje ubugizi bwa nabi bwatekerejweho, bwaba bugaragaza cyangwa bushaka kuvuga.
Kwica - Mu mategeko asanzwe ubuzima bwarangiranye no gufatwa k'umutima [16] - guhagarika burundu kandi bidasubirwaho umuvuduko w'amaraso no guhumeka. Iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga mu buvuzi inkiko zafashe icyemezo cyo guhagarika bidasubirwaho imikorere yose y’ubwonko nk'ikimenyetso cy'imperuka y'ubuzima.
Icyaha cyangwa kutirengagiza - Ubwicanyi bushobora gukorwa nigikorwa cyangwa kutirengagiza.
Bya muntu - Iki kintu cyerekana ikibazo cyigihe ubuzima butangiriye. Mu mategeko rusange, uruhinja ntirwari umuntu. Ubuzima bwatangiye igihe akayoya kanyuze mu gitsina maze gahumeka bwa mbere.
Undi muntu - Mu mategeko ya mbere asanzwe, kwiyahura byafatwaga nk'ubwicanyi. Icyifuzo cy'uko umuntu wishwe yaba undi muntu utari nyirabayazana ukuyemo kwiyahura mu bisobanuro by'ubwicanyi.
Hamwe n'ubugizi bwa nabi byavuzwe mbere - Ubusanzwe ubugizi bwa nabi bwatekerejweho bwatwaraga ibisobanuro bya buri munsi - kwica nkana kandi wabigambiriye (mbere yabigambiriye) kwica undi biterwa nubushake bubi. Ubwicanyi busaba byanze bikunze ko igihe gishimishije gihita hagati yo gushiraho no gushyira mubikorwa umugambi wo kwica. Inkiko zaguye ubwicanyi mu gukuraho ibisabwa mbere yo kubishaka no kubigambirira gushyira mu gaciro.
Indangamurongo.
Kill or Be Killed (1980 film)
Paulin Tokala Kombe
Paulin Tokala Kombe (yavutse Ku ya 26 Werurwe 1977 i Kinshasa, icyo gihe hari muri Zayire, ubu muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo ) ni umukinnyi ukina umupira w'amaguru ukina ari mpuzamahanga ukomoaka muri Kongo (DRC), ukina nk'umuzamu.
Umwuga wo guhitamo
Hamwe n'ikipe ya Zayire ubu ni DRC, yakinnye hagati yo muri 1996 na 2004. yari mu ikipe yakinnye imikino nya furika muri 1988, no muri 2002 ndetse no muri 2004.
Yakinnye kandi imikino itatu ibara, n'imikino ibanza y'igikombe cy'isi.
amahuza yo hanze
Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Congo
Ikigo nderabuzima cya Gahanga
ikigo nderabuzima cya Gahanga ni ivuriro riherereye mu murenge wa Gahanga mu karere ka Kicukiro, mu mujyi wa Kigali
= Amashakiro =
Ikigo nderabuzima cya remera
ikigo nderabuzima cya remera ni ivuriro rusange riherereye mu murenge wa Remera, Akarere ka Gasabo mu mujyi wa KIgali
= Amashakiro =
Igishanga cya Rugeramigozi
thumb|Igishanga Mubikorwa byo gutunganya iki gishanga yakozwe harimo kongera ingomero z’amazi zuhira umuceri.
Gahunda yo gutunganya Igishanga cya Rugeramigozi
Mubikorwa byo gutunganya iki gishanga yakozwe harimo kongera ingomero z’amazi zuhira umuceli, kurwanya isuri mu nkengero z’igishanga, haterwa ibiti bivangwa n’imyaka kandi abahinzi bagahugurwa gufata neza imiyoboro y’amazi.Abahinzi kandi bubakiwe ubwanikiro buhagije ku buryo ngo umusaruro wabo utangirikira mu mirima, banigishwa kwikorera ifumbire y’ibirundo bitanga nibura toni zisaga 100 yunganira imvaruganda.Ibiti bisaga ibihumbi 100 bizafasha abahinzi gukomeza kongera umusaruro, kuko bizafasha kurinda imiyoboro twubatse itanga amazi mu mirima isuri iyangiza kuko ubundi aha nta mazi yahageraga. Umuhuzabikorwa wafashaga abahinzi ba Rugeramigozi yavuga ko mu bikorwa bibungabunga ibidukikije muri iki gishanga birimo no gutera ibiti ku materasi akikije igishanga.Buri wese akwiye kuba ijisho rya mugenzi we, kugira ngo bakomeze kubona umusaruro uhagije w’umuceli muwurinda isuri yawangiza.Igihembwe cyashize abahinzi bakaba barabashije kugurisha Toni 356 bavuye kuri 274 bari bagurishije mu mwaka wa 2016, hatabariwemo uwo bajya kurya iwabo.
Ibindi Wamenya kumusaruro Abahinzi babonaga
Abahinzi b’umuceri mu gishanga cya Rugeramigozi baravuga ko umusaruro wabo ukomeje kwiyongera,bavuga ko mu gihembwe cyari gishize cy’ihinga mu mwaka wa 2016 bari biyemeje kuzamura umusaruro kugera kuri Toni 200 kuri Hegitari 57, bakaba barabashije kubona umusaruro ungana na Toni 189 bavuye kuri Toni 125.Umwe mubahinga avugako ahinga kuri hegitari eshanu ariko yajyaga yeza kg 200 ariko aho ahuguriwe gutera umuceli ku murongo no gukoresha ifumbire y’ibirundo ageze kuri kg 382. Ubuso bwose bwa Rugeramigozi ya mbere n’iya kabiri busaga Hegitari 100 zihingwaho n’amakoperative ya COCAR na KIABER.Umukozi w’Akarere ka Muhanga wari ushinzwe igenamigambi avuga ko DUHAMIC ADRI yifatanyije n’Akarere mu kwesa imihigo ine irimo no kongera umusaruro ku bihingwa by’umuceri n’ibigoli.
Amashakiro
Ikiciro:Ibidukikije Ikiciro:Ubuhinzi
Gutera amashyamba muri Wales
Gutera amashyamba muri Whales ku bikorwa byo gutera, gucunga, no kwita ku mashyamba yo muri Wales.
Amateka
Iterambere ry’amashyamba no gukora no gutanga ibiti muri Wales biza munsi y’umutungo kamere Wales, nkuko bigaragara mu itegeko ry’amashyamba 1967.
Muri 2013 Umutungo Kamere Wales wafashe inshingano z’amashyamba muri Wales,
Muri 2020, Guverinoma ya Welsh yatangije gahunda ndende yo kongera amashyamba izwi ku izina ry’ishyamba ry’igihugu cya Wales.
Ubuyobozi
Ikigo gishinzw Umutungo Kamere Wales ni urwego rwatewe inkunga na leta ya Welsh, rwo gucunga umutungo kamere wa Wales. Yashinzwe kuva mu nama y’icyaro cya Wales, Ikigo cy’ibidukikije Wales, na komisiyo ishinzwe amashyamba Wales, ikanakora izindi nshingano zahoze zifatwa na guverinoma ya Welsh. Andi mashyirahamwe akorera muri Wales kunoza imicungire y’amashyamba n’amashyamba ya Welsh harimo ihuriro ry’inganda z’amashyamba, Coed Cymru na Woodknowledge Wales.
Nathaniel Martey
Nathaniel Martey (wavutse 22 Gashyantare 1976) ni umukinnyi wo gusiganwa ku maguru ukomoka muri Gana. Yarushanwaga mu kwiruka metero 4 × 400 mu mikino Olempike yo muri 2000.
Reba
Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Gana
Rucyahana John
thumb|Bishop Rucyahana John Rucyahana John yavutse Ugushyingo 1945 ni umuyobozi mu idini wihaye Imana, yavukiye mu Karere ka Burera amashuri abanza ayigira ahitwa Kinoni, Ni umwe mu mfura z’ishuri ryisumbuye Inyemeramihigo mu Karere ka Rubavu, Nyuma y'amashuri yisumbuye yahungiye muri Uganda, yigayo ibijyanye na Tewolojiya, akomereza muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika aho yakuye Impamyabumenyi y’Icyiciro cya Gatatu cya Kaminuza muri Tewolojiya, Arangije kwiga yabaye pasiteri akora no muri Komisiyo y’Ivugabutumwa mu Itorero Angilicani aza no kuba Bishop muri Diyoseze ya Shyira, Yabaye umwarimu mu mashuri abanza ndetse n’ayisumbuye, Ni we washinze ‘Sunrise School’ mu Karere ka Musanze, akaba yaranaribereye umwarimu, Ubu ari mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru mu Itorero Angilicani.
AMASHAKIRO
Ikiciro:Rwanda Ikiciro:Amadini n'amatorero Ikiciro:Abayobozi b'amadini n'amatorero
Perfect Water Limited
Amazi ya Parfect
Uruganda rwa Perfect water rukora amazi ya perfect water ubusanzwe isanzwe ifite icyangombwa cy’ubuziranenge yahawe n’Ikigo cyibishinzwe cya RSB, ndetse n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu kigenzura ibiribwa n’imiti Rwanda cyi twa FDA, Jibu Isanzwe ikorera mu bihugu birimo Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Kenya, Burundi, Zambia, na Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo.
Amashakiro
Ikiciro:Rwiyemezamirimo Ikiciro:Amazi
Murebwayire Mimir
Uyu mubyeyi yaririmbaga muri Orchestre Les Citadins. Iyi izwi mu ndirimbo nka ‘Ancila’ ‘Rugori Rwera’ n’izindi. Nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatusti, ntawibwiraga ko u Rwanda ruzongera kuzanzamuka mu buhanzi ngo rwongere rugire abacuranzi n’umuziki rufite ubu. Mu kwiyubaka u Rwanda rwagize mu myaka 20 ishize, ntawatinya kuvuga ko no muri muzika hari byinshi byakozwe kandi bitanga icyizere ko ejo hazaza hazaba ari heza.
Wilfred Moke
Wilfred Moke Abro, (Yavutse Ku ya 12 Gashyantare 1988) ni umukinnyi ukina ari mpuzamahanga ukina umupira w'amaguruukomoka muri congo i Kinshasa. Akina nk'umukinnyi wo hagati mu ikipe ya MKE Ankaragücü.
Ndizeye Samuel
Ndizeye Samuel, umwe mu bakinnyi ba Rayon Sports baherutse gukiruka indwara ya Covid-19 avuga ko mbere y’uko ayandura yavugaga ko itabaho ariko nyuma yo kuyirwara, arasaba Abanyarwanda kuyirinda ngo bigabanye ubwandu maze umupira uzagaruke abantu basubire ku bibuga bishime.
Wilfred Moke
Ubuzima
Wilfred Moke yitabira Europa League hamwe na m'akipe Steaua Bucharest na Konyaspor.
Umwuga mpuzamahanga
Yakiriye bwa mbere mu ikipe ya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo Ku ya 5 Nzeri 2017, kurwanya Tuniziya. Kunganya (2-2) biri mu majonjora yo gushaka itike yo kuzakina igikombe cyisi muri 2018.
Yatoranijwe na Florent Ibenge kugirango azitabira CAN muri 2019. Ikipe ye yakuweho na Madagasikari kuri penariti.
amahuza yo hanze
Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Congo
Ali Kimera
Umwuga mpuzamahanga
Muri Mutarama 2014, umutoza Milutin Sedrojevic, yamutumiriye kujya mu ikipe y'umupira w'amaguru ya Uganda mu gikombe cya Afurika muri 2014. Iyi kipe yegukanye umwanya wa gatatu mu matsinda y’irushanwa nyuma yo gutsinda Burkina Faso, inganya na Zimbabwe itsindwa na Maroke.
Reba
Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Uganda
Amakara
thumb|amakara avamo umuti Amakara nubwo tuyamenyereye ko akoreshwa mu kuvana uburozi mu nda, nyamara si byo gusa akora kuko hari ibindi binyuranye ushobora kuyakoresha.
Akamaro kogukoresha Amakara
thumb|Amakara Amakara akoreshwa nk’umuti w’indwara zitandukanye harimo no gusohora uburozi mu mubiri, ntabwo ari amakara yo mu ziko cyangwa se mu mbabura amenyerewe, ahubwo ni amakara yatunganyirijwe kuba umuti azwi nka ‘Charbon actif/Activated charcoal’. Izina ryayo rya gihanga ni ‘Carbo vegetabilis’. Amakara avugwa hano si yayandi yo mu ziko cyangwa ku mbabura, kuko nayo uko akoze aba arimo ubundi burozi bwakangiza umubiri. Ahubwo niyo aherwaho agasukurwa, agatunganywa akavangwamo ibindi bituma akora akazi kayo neza. Bivuzwe ko amakara agiye kuvugwa hano ari amakara aboneka kwa muganga no muri za farumasi gusa. Aya makara niyo yitwa charbon activé (activated charcoal). Nubwo amakara adasohora alukolo mu mubiri ariko afasha umubiri gusohora ku buryo bwihuse ubundi burozi bwatewe na ya nzoga. Kuko rero akenshi alukolo yonyine bigoye ko yivanga mu maraso iyo bya bindi biyitiza umurindi bisohotse nayo irasohoka. Ibi rero birinda gusinda, kugira hangover n’ibindi byose bituruka ku inzoga. Undi mumaro w’amakara ni ukwirukana ibyuka biza mu nda ndetse akavura no gutumba bikunze kuza nyuma yo kurya.Mu kuyakoresha ufata 500mg zayo, ukavanga mu kirahure cy’amazi ukanywa isaha imwe mbere yo kurya. Ukarenzaho ikindi kirahure cy’amazi meza.
Ibindi byingenzi kumakara
Amakara akoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye yaba ifu cyangwa adaseye icyakora icyo dukwiye kwitondera ku Bantu bayakoresha bayanywa ni ukugira amakenga kuko atera umwuma (deshydratation) biba byiza kunywa amazi menshi bityo bigatuma uburozi buri mu mubiri bubasha gusohoka. Ku bijyanye no gufata neza uruhu amakara yifashishwa mu gukiza uburibwe bwo ku ruhu wenda inzoka yakuriye cyangwa inzuki, ufata ifu y’amakara ukayivanga n’amavuta ya coco hanyuma ugakuba aho ubabara bihita bishira.Muri iyi minsi abantu bahangayikishijwe n’ifumbire zikoreshwa mu buhinzi ariko ubaye wifitiye amakara nta mpamvu yo guhangayika kuko amakara avana imyanda n’uburozi bwose mu mubiri. Abantu benshi ntibazi ko no mu mibiri yabo hashobora kubamo urubobi. Birashoboka rwose. Urwo rubobi rushobora gutera indwara zinyuranye harimo imikorere mibi y’impyiko n’umwijima, kugabanyuka kw’ingufu z’ubwonko, kokera amaso, kwiheba no kwigunga, umutwe udakira, kuruka no guhumeka nabi tutibagiwe no kugabanyuka k’ubudahangarwa.
Amakara uburyo Atunganywa ni ibindi Akora
Amakara akoreshwa nk’umuti, aboneka hatwikwa ibiti ku kigero cy’ubushyuhe kiri hagati ya 600 °C na 900 °C. Yongera gutwikwa kandi ku nshuro ya kabiri ku kigero cy’ubushyuhe kiri hagati ya 900°C na 1000 °C, cyangwa hagati ya 400 °C na 500 °C nk’uko ikinyamakuru www.femmeactuelle.fr kibigaragaza. Kuri iki cyiciro cya kabiri, yongerwamo umwuka utangwa n’amazi cyangwa ibyuya byayo mu gihe yabijijwe, ndetse na Gaz yitwa Gaz oxidant ari na byo biyaha ubushobozi bwo gukora nk’umuti. Amakara aboneka mu nzu zicuruza imiti ashobora kuboneka ari ifu cyangwa ibinini. Gukoresha amakara bizwi kuva mu myaka ibihumbi bitatu mbere y’ivuka rya Yezu/Yesu, aho Abanyegiputa bayakoreshaga mu gusukura amazi, ndetse na Hypocrate ufatwa nk’uwahanze ubuvuzi, akaba yarayakoreshaga mu kuvura. Uburyo bwiza bwo kurinda umwijima ndetse n’impyiko ni ukunywa amakara kuko bituma cellules zigize umwijima n’ impyiko bidasaza. Mu byukuri amakara afasha inzungano nyinshi mu mubiri w’umuntu guhorana ubuzima buzira umuze.Birakwiye gukoresha amakara kuko adufasha kwirinda ingaruka mbi zatugeraho ndetse akura imyanda n’uburozi mu mubiri bigatuma tubaho twishimye. Mu gihe wanyweye amakara, usabwa kunywa amazi ahagije kuko yo ubwayo ntapfa gusohoka, akomeza guhumbahumba ubwo burozi n’imyanda yose tumaze kubona, kugeza igihe asohokanye n’umwanda munini. N’ubwo hari abayagura bakayakoresha uko biboneye, ni byiza kuyanywa wabisabwe na muganga cyangwa n’abize ibijyanye n’imirire, akanakubwira amabwiriza wubahiriza ndetse n’igipimo ufata bitewe n’uburwayi agiye kuvura.
Amashakiro
Ikiciro:Ibidukikije
Café Riche
thumb| Inyubako ikoreramo resitora yitwa Café Riche Café Riche ni resitora iherereye mu gihugu cya Misiri, yafunguwe mu mwaka wa 1908 ku muhanda wa 17 wa Talaat Harb, ni kimwe mu bimenyetso by'umwimerere bizwi cyane mu mujyi wa Cairo. Mu bihe bitandukanye yari izwi nk'ahantu hateranira abanyabwenge n’impinduramatwara mu makoraniro atandukanye, Iyii resitora ni igihamya cyane ko yiboneye ibintu byinshi byabayeho mu mateka mu gihe cy'ikinyejana cya 20. Bivugwa ko muri iyi resitora ariho Umwami Farouk yabonye umugore we wa kabiri, Nariman Sadek ; aho uwakoze icyaha cyo kugerageza kwica minisitiri w’intebe wa nyuma wa Misiri, Youssef Wahba Pacha niho yari ari ategereje igipimo cye; kandi muri iyi resitora niho hantu abantu benshi bari bagize imyigaragambyo cyangwa impinduramatwara muri icho gihe cya revolisiyo yo mu 1919 bahuriye munsi kugirango bategure ibikorwa byabo babonereho no gucapa ibyapa byabo. Ababitabiriye barimo umwanditsi w'ibitabo bya politiki witwa Naguib Mahfouz ndetse n'uwabaye perezida w'icyo gihe Gamal Abdel Nasser.
Amateka
Café ifite inkomoko mu mwaka wa 1908, ariko ntiyitwaga Café Riche kugeza igihe yaguzwe mu 1914 ikagurwa n’umufaransa witwa Henry Recine. Nyuma gato yo guhabwa izina café nibwo, Recine yayigurishije na Michael Nicoapolits ukomoka mu gihugu cy'ubugereki maze asubira mu Bufaransa. Nicoapolits yongeyeho umwanya wo gukiniramo ikinamico muri café, azana abahanzi nka Monira il-Mahdiyya na Umm Kulthum. Ku ya 4 Ugushyingo 1942, Nicoapolits yagurishije iyi resitora umugabo witwa George Basile Avayianos, wibanze cyane ku kwagura iyi resitora ikava ku rwego rwa café. Mu mwaka wa 1962, Avayianos yahaye iyi café Abdel Malek Michael Salib, wanabaye Umunyamisiri kavukire wa mbere utunze kafe. Iyi mpinduka mu ihererekanya ry’imitungo ryaranze impinduka nanone mu rwego rw'igihugu, kubera ko Abanyamisiri bari batangiye kwigarurira ubukungu bw’igihugu cyabo babukuye ku banyamahanga bakomeye bahoze bagenzura imishinga myinshi yari iteye imbere mu gihugu cyabo
Ibintu by'ingenzi byahabereye
thumb| Cairo: Café Riche Abakundaga kujya muri café ahanini bari bafite imibereho myiza kubyerekeranye n'ubukungu. Kugeza ku gihe cy'intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose, abakiriya benshi bakiraga bari abanyamahanga baba muri icyo gihugu cya Misiri. Nkuko uburenganzira bugena nyirubwite kumutungo bwahindutse bukegurirwa abanyamisiri kavukire, ni nako byagenze ku bakiriya nabo batangiyekwisanga mu bikorwa bikorerwa mu gihugu cyabo. Cairo habaye iwabo w'inzu z'ibinyamakuru byinshi, ibinyamakuru byandika, n'ibiro by'amategeko ibi byafashije mu kubaka abakiriya mu buryo burambye bagana iyi café. Kuba yari iherereye hafi ya Soliman-Pasha Square (Talaat Harb Square ya none) na Tahrir Square byatumye café iba ahantu heza ho guhurira. Abaharanira impinduramatwara bakundaga guhurira kuri iyi café kugirango bategure ingamba mu gihe cya revolisiyo yo mu mwaka wa 1919 barwanya ubutegetsi bwabongereza bwagenzuraga Misiri. Café niho habereye umugambi wo kwica Minisitiri w’intebe wa Misiri ku ya 19 Ukuboza 1919. Gamal Abdel Nasser yari azwiho kujya muri café mu gihe yateganyaga guhirika Umwami Farouk 1952.
Naguib Mahfouz yari umwe mu banyabwenge bazwi cyane kukuba barakunze kujya baza muri iyi café inshuro nyinshi, ku buryo bizwiko Malak yafungaga iyi café ku munsi wo kuwa gatanu kugira ngo ahe Mahfouz ahantu ho guteranira mu makoraniro ye. Umwanditsi w'ibitabo bya politiki ndetse avuga iyi café inshuro nyinshi mu bitabo bye.
Iminsi y'iki gihe
Café Riche yafunzwe hafi imyaka icumi mu myaka ya za 1990. Urubanza rwaciwe na leta ya Misiri rwagiriza iyi café ku byerekeye no kuba yari yarigaruriye inzira rusange nyabagendwa iyo café yari irimo, bituma ifungwa by'agateganyo. Umutingito wo mu Kwakira mu mwaka wa 1992 wangije byinshi kandi ibi byatumye iyi café ihura n'imbogamizi mu gihe yari iri kurwana no kwiyubaka. Igabanuka ry'urwego rwo kwamamara kwaranze iyi café byatewe no kuzamuka kw'itangazamakuru rikoresha ikoranabuhanga. Ahantu hari hasanzwe hateranirwa bisanzwe nko muri za cafés byafashe umwanya w'inyuma aho abantu benshi bayobotse amakoraniro yo ku mbuga za interineti hamwe n'amatsinda atandukanye ya murandasi. Café Riche yari ahantu hihuriro ry’amatsinda manini y’ubuvanganzo n’ubwenge bakundaga guhurira, ariko kandi nanone n’urubyiruko muri rusange rwarahahuriraga. Mu gihe hagaragaye umwaduko w'amaduka manini manini, ubucuruzi buciriritse ntibukiri hamwe mu hantu hateranira abakiri bato, nkuko byahoze. Nyamara, mu mpinduramatwara yo mu mwaka wa 2011 yabaye ubuhungiro ku bantu bari mu myigaragambyo myinshi yo muri uyu mujyi.
Reba
Ikiciro:Resitora Ikiciro:Ubukungu bw’Afurika Ikiciro:Ubukerarugendo muri Afurika
Ingoro yahariwe amateka y’ubukoroni bw’Abadage mu Rwanda
thumb|Ikibumbano cyerekana Richard Kandt kiri ku nzu ye. Ingoro y’amateka kamere iherereye ahazwi nko kwa Richard Kandt mu Mujyi wa Kigali, yamaze guhindurirwa inyito yitwa "Ingoro ya Richard Kandt" mu rwego rwo kurushaho kugaragaza amateka nyakuri y’Abanyarwanda mbere y’umwaduko w’Abadage no mu gihe cy’ubukoroni bwabo mu Rwanda.
Iryo vugurura ryakozwe nyuma y’uko Abasenateri bagize komisiyo y’ubukungu n’imari baherukaga gukorera urugendo rw’akazi kuri iyo ngoro ku wa 18 Gicurasi 2016, bagasanga hari bimwe mu byahamurikirwaga bitajyanye naho, bikwiye kuhavanwa hagashyirwa ibindi bijyanye n’amateka yaho.
Ibigaragaramo
Muri iyo ngoro,ubu hagaragaramo amafoto yafashwe mu gihe cy’ubukoroni Abadage bakoreye Abanyarwanda, hagati mu myaka ya 1885 kugeza mu 1918, aho yerekana imibereho y’Abanyarwanda muri icyo gihe. thumb|Inzu Ndangamurage ya Richard Kandt
Amb. Masozera Robert￼
Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ikigo gishinzwe Ingoro z’Igihugu z’Umurage w’u Rwanda, Amb. Masozera Robert niwe wafunguye ku mugaragaro iyo ngoro, mu mpera z’icyumweru gishize.
Yavuze ko izo mpinduka zizongera umusaruro icyo kigo cyabonaga ku kwezi,ubusanzwe ubarirwa hagati ya Miliyoni ebyiri na miliyoni ebyiri n’igice z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda yatangwaga n’abashyitsi bari hagati ya 1000 na 1200.thumb|Kandt House KigaliYagize ati “Aya mavugurura azongera ubwiza bw’iyi ngoro ndetse n’umubare w’abayisura wiyongere kuko hari byinshi bishya byongerewemo”.
Byinshi mu byashyizwe muri iyo ngoro ya Richard Kandt byari bifitwe n’Abadage kandi bigaruka ku mateka y’Abanyarwanda mu gihe cy’ubukoroni.
Ibyo bikaba byari igihombo ku Banyarwanda kuko amateka yabo yari afitwe n’abandi ,Umunyarwanda ushaka kuyamenya ntagire aho ayasanga. thumb|Richard Kandt Monument
Ambasaderi Dr Peter Woeste
uhagarariye Ubudage mu Rwanda yavuze ko yishimira ivugururwa ry’iyo ngoro yerekana amateka y’Abadage n’Abanyarwanda mu Rwanda rwo hambere.
Ati “Ni byiza ko iyi ngoro ihariwe icyo yagenewe gusa kuruta uko yari imeze, igaragaramo ibintu bivangavanze”.
Uwo mugabo iyo aba akiriho kuri uyu wa 17 Ukuboza 2017 yari kuba yujuje imyaka 150 kuko yavutse ku itariki 17 Ukuboza 1867.
Ikirogora
thumb|Ikirogora cyangwa brillantaisia ku izina tekinike thumb|Ikirogora|269x269px thumb|Ikirogora Ikirogora brillantaisia) ni umuti kikaba n’imboga kiri mu bihingwa by’inyongeramirire. Ikirogora kera cyifashishwaga mu kuvura kuko gifasha abarwayi ba Diabete cyangwa abantu bahorana umunaniro n’isereri. Ikirogora gifasha gukiza kwa kuzahara guterwa n’uburozi, Ikirogora kirwanya infection’ mu maraso barozwe kuko uburozi bugira ingaruka, gihangana n’uburozi umubiri ukongera ugakora neza. Ikirogora gifasha mu gusukura amaraso ku bafite ibibazo bitandukanye.
Amashakiro
Ikiciro:Ibidukikije Ikiciro:Ibiti Ikiciro:Ibimera
Ikigo nderabuzima cya Gisakura
Ikigo nderabuzima cya Gisakura ni ivuriro rihereye mu karere ka Nyamasheke rikaba ryarubatswe mu bufatanye níshyirahamwe “Femmes Development”
= amashakiro =
Magaru
thumb|Magaru cyangwa hypoestes triflora Magaru (hypoestes triflora) ni ikimera gikunda kuba mu ishyamba, mu misozicyangwa mu bishanga. Magaru ni umuti kikaba n’imboga kiri mu bihingwa by’inyongeramirire. Magaru kera cyifashishwaga mu kuvura kuko gifasha abarwayi ba Diabete cyangwa abantu bahorana umunaniro n’isereri. Magaru gifasha gukiza kwa kuzahara guterwa n’uburozi, Magaru kirwanya infection mu maraso ndetse Magaru ikura uburozi mu mubiri hamwe n'ingaruka zabwo. Magaru gihangana n’uburozi mu m'umubiri ukongera ugakora neza. Ikirogora gifasha mu gusukura amaraso ku bafite ibibazo bitandukanye.
Amashakiro
Ikiciro:Ibimera Ikiciro:Ibidukikije Ikiciro:Ibiti
Brobbey Mensah
Owusu "Brobbey" Mensah (yavutse ku ya 25 Ukuboza 1934) ni umukinnyi wo gusiganwa ukomoka muri Gana. Yarushanwe mu kwiruka metero 4 × 400 mu mikino Olempike yo muri 1964.
Reba
Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Gana
Jimmy Kirunda
Yabaye umuyobozi w'ikipe y'igihugu hagati yo muri 1989 na 1996.
Ihuza ryo hanze
Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Uganda
Ikigo nderabuzima cya Bigogwe
Ikigo nderabuzima cya Bigogwe ni ivuriro riherereye mu murenge wa Bigogwe, Akarere ka Nyabihu
= amashakiro =
Rwanda Polytechnic
Rwanda polytechnic ni ikigo cy' igihugu gishinzwe amashuri y' ubumenyingiro mu Rwanda, RP igizwe n' amashuri atandukanye harimo ayitwa IPRCs minisiteri y' uburezi mu Rwanda ivuga ko icyi kigo cyagiyeho gifashe muguteza imbere ubumenyingiro na tekinike.
Iriba Limited
thumb|Uruganda Iriba Limited Uruganda Iriba Limited ni uruganda rukora amazi yitwa Iriba, aho yatangiye ibikorwa byayo biri mu Rwanda  biyingurura mazi meza afutse, aho yibanda mu gutunganya amazi ikoresheje ikoranabuhanga ryo kuyayungurura, ruherereye mu murenge wa remera mu karere ka Gasabo mu mujyi wa Kigali.
Amazi Iriba
Uruganda rwa Iriba Limited rukora azami ya Iriba ubusanzwe isanzwe ifite icyangombwa cy’ubuziranenge yahawe n’Ikigo cyibishinzwe cya RSB, ndetse n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu kigenzura ibiribwa n’imiti Rwanda cyi twa FDA, Iriba Isanzwe ikorera mu bihugu birimo Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Kenya, Burundi, Zambia, na Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo.
Ikigo nderabuzima cya Mulindi
Ikigo nderabuzima cya Mulindi ni ivuriro rusange riherereye mu karere ka Gicumbi
= Amashakiro =
Tony Bird (umuririmbyi-umwanditsi w'indirimbo)
Anthony Bird, uzwi cyane ku izina rya Tony Bird (1945 - 17 Mata 2019) yari umunyaMalawi wavukiye muri Afurika y'Epfo umuririmbyi n’umuhanzi w’indirimbo zo mu njyana ya folk rock azwiho amajwi ya Dylanesque ndetse n'indirimbo ze zivuga ubuzima mu gihe cy'ubukoloni muri Afurika kugeza mu gihe cyo kurwanya ubukoloni.
Ubuzima
Tony Bird yavukiye kandi akurira mu cyahoze ari umuwa w'ubukoloni wa Zomba muri Nyasaland (ubu ni Malawi ) muri Afurika y'amajyepfo. Mu 1970 yimukiye i Cape Town aho yakoreye ibitaramo bye bya mbere wenyine ahitwa Space Theatre. Imiterere yihariye ya Bird yavuzweho neza n'abanyamakuru baho ndetse n'abamamaza. Yanditse alubumu ebyiri mu myaka ya za 1970, izina rya Tony Bird (1976) na Bird of Paradise (1978). Mu myaka ya za 1980 Inyoni yimukiye i Londres maze akora ibitaramo bizenguruka ku rwego mpuzamahanga hamwe na Ladysmith Black Mambazo, wanditse indirimbo ye "Go Willie Go". Mu mpera za 1980 Birdi yatuye burundu mu mujyi wa New York. Mu 1990 Inyoni yafashe amajwi y'alubumu ye yagarukanye yitwa Sorry Africa, kuri Rounder Records muri Amerika na Mountain Records m'uburayi na Afrika. Iyi alubumu yafatiwe amajwi mu ruganda rwa Chocolate i Londres kandi igaragaramo abacuranzi b'abashyitsi nk'ucuranga gitari witwa Arlen Roth na José Neto. Sorry Africa irimo imwe mu ndirimbo zizwi cyane za Bird, nka "Mango Time", isobanura umunezero w'imyembe yeze, rimwe mu mwaka. Jon Herman yavuze ku muziki wa Boston Phoenix acoustic yigeze kuvuga ko Bird afite "ijwi ryo kuri Mars."
Bird yapfuye ku ya 17 Mata 2019 nyuma y'intambara yarwanye na kanseri.
Umushinga w'uruganda ruzakora foromaje mu mata y’inyambo
Ni umushinga uhuriweho na Koperative y’aborozi ya Murundi ndetse n’abafatanyabikorwa bo muri Irland, bose bakazaba banganya imigabane.
Blues Creamery Ltd, niyo Kompanyi izafatanya na Koperative y’aborozi ya Murundi, bakazakorera i Nyagatovu mu Murenge wa Mukarange.
Ibyiciro
Uyu mushinga uri mu byiciro bitatu, harimo gukora foromaje, hashyirwemo ikawa n’urugo rw’inyambo mu rwego rwo guteza imbere ukerarugendo bushingiye ku muco, ndetse no guteza imbere ubworozi.
Ibindi bitegenywa
Uyu mushinga kandi uzanakora ubushakashatsi ku nka z’inyambo ku miterere yazo, ariko no ku mukamo wazo kuko ubusanzwe zikamwa amata macye hakarebwa niba hari ibyatuma uwo mukamo ushobora kwiyongera.
Ikondera
thumb|ikondera Ikondera ni kimwe mu bikoresho bikoreshwa n’ababyinnyi b’injyana gakondo zo mu Rwanda ariko hari abatazi akamaro n’inkomoko yaryo. thumb|umuhamirizo w'ikondera
Amateka
Ikondera ni igikoresho kivuzwa kenshi iyo intore zambaye imigara zigiye gutangira guhamiriza. Barivuza bashyize umunwa ahari umwenge habugenewe.
Hambere mu Rwanda Ikondera ryabaga gikozwe mu ihembe. Kuri ubu barikora mu bikoresho biyandukanye birimo ibya purasitiki.
Ayo makondera atanga amajwi atandukanye ariyo Umurangi riyobora andi, Inkanka, Incuragane, Insengo n’Urugunda. Uwo ni umwihariko w’umuziki n’imbyino gakondo z’Abanyarwanda. thumb|Ubwoko bw'amakondera
Nsengiyumva Abdallah
umuvuzi w’ikondera akaba n’umubyinnyi mu itorero ry’Urukerereza n’Inganzo Ngari, avuga ko ikondera ari kimwe mu bikoresho bikomeye mu muco nyarwanda.
Akomeza avuga ko Ikondera ryerekana ubutwari bw’intore z’u Rwanda, mbere zari ingabo z’igihugu.
Agira ati “Ikondera rivuzwa rihamagara intore guhamiriza, rikaririmba ubutwari n’ibyivugo by’ingabo. Buri kondera riba rifite ijwi ryaryo, yajya hamwe yose agakora umuziki mwiza ari nawo utuma intore zizihirwa zikaza guhamiriza.”
Nsengiyumva avuga ko nubwo nta majwi aba yumvikana, abavuza Ikondera baba bazi ibyo bavuga ndetse bakanamenya imbyino bagezeho.
Ati “Burya tuba tuvuga imyato n’ubutwari bw’ingabo z’u Rwanda nubwo amajwi aba adasohoka haba humvikana injyana gusa.
Nyamara burya indirimbo tuba tuziziranyeho, akenshi duhera mu Musambi, tugakurikizaho iryitwa Cyarutema tugasoreza ku ryitwa Imbaduko.”
Nsengiyumva avuga ko ikondera rikomera cyane rigasaba ubuhanga mu kurivuza. Riherekezwa n’ingoma yitwa Ruharage ifite akajwi karangira n’ Ingaraba ifite ijwi ryo hasi.
Habimana Hussein
Habimana Hussein ni myugariro ukina mu mutima w'ubwugarizi w'ikipe ya Rayon Sports FC akaba n'umwe mu bakinnyi bafite ibigango bari muri shampiyona y'u Rwanda. Usibye kuba akina nka myugariro, Hussein rimwe na rimwe ashobora kwifashishwa nk'umukinnyi wo hagati mu kibuga (Midfilder). Habimana Hussein wageze muri Rayon Sports FC avuye muri Police FC yakiniye andi makipe akomeye mu Rwanda arimo ikipe ya Mukura VS na Etincelles FC. Habimana Hussein yahamagawe mu ikipe y'igihugu Amavubi mu 2019.
Ikiyaga cya Baringo
Ikiyaga cya Baringo,ni, nyuma yikiyaga cya Turkana, mumajyaruguru cyane yibiyaga bya Rift Valley ya Kenya, hamwe nubuso bwa kilometero kare 130 (50 sq mi) nuburebure bwa metero 970 (ft 3,180). Ikiyaga kigaburirwa ninzuzi nyinshi: Molo, Perkerra na Ol Arabel. Ntabwo ifite aho igarukira; amazi afatwa nk'ayacengeye mu bishanga by'ikiyaga mu gitanda cy’ibirunga gifite amakosa. Ni kimwe mu biyaga bibiri by’amazi meza mu kibaya cya Rift muri Kenya, ikindi ni ikiyaga cya Naivasha
Ikiyaga kiri ahantu hashyushye kandi huzuye ivumbi rifite amoko arenga 470 yinyoni, rimwe na rimwe harimo na flamingos yimuka. Heroni ya Goliath iherereye ku kirwa kibuye mu kiyaga kizwi nka Gibraltar.
Ibisobanuro
Ikiyaga kiri muri sisitemu yo muri Afrika yuburasirazuba. Umusozi wa Tugen, umusozi uzamuye amabuye y'ibirunga na metamorphic, uri mu burengerazuba bw'ikiyaga. Laikipia Escarpment iri muburasirazuba.
Amazi atemba mu kiyaga avuye ku misozi ya Mau na Tugen. Ni ahantu h'ubuhungiro n’ubuhungiro bw’amoko arenga 500 y’inyoni n’ibinyabuzima, amwe mu moko y’inyoni yimuka yimuka afite akamaro kanini mukarere ndetse no kwisi yose. Ikiyaga gitanga kandi amoko arindwi y’amafi meza. Imwe, Oreochromis niloticus baringoensis (ubwoko bwa Nila tilapia subpecies), yanduye ikiyaga. Uburobyi bw'ikiyaga ni ingenzi mu iterambere ry’imibereho n’ubukungu. Byongeye kandi, ako gace gatuwe n’amoko menshi y’inyamaswa zirimo imvubu (Hippopotamus amphibius), ingona ya Nili (Crocodylus niloticus) hamwe n’inyamabere nyinshi z’inyamabere, amphibian, ibikururuka hamwe n’imiryango idafite ubuzima..
Mu gihe ububiko bwa Nili tilapiya mu kiyaga ubu ari buke, igabanuka ry’ubu bwoko ryagaragajwe n’itsinzi ry’undi, ibihaha bya marble (Protopterus aethiopicus) byinjijwe mu kiyaga mu 1974, ubu bikaba bitanga amafi menshi aturuka ikiyaga. Amazi yagabanutse kubera amapfa no kuhira cyane. Ikiyaga gikunze kuba cyuzuyemo imyanda, igice kikaba giterwa n’isuri ikabije mu gace kafashwe, cyane cyane mu kibaya cya Loboi mu majyepfo y’ikiyaga.
Ubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa bwerekanye ko hari umubano mwiza kandi mubi hagati yubuziranenge bwamazi nubwinshi bwa parasite yagaruwe. O. niloticus baringoensis yo mu kiyaga cya Baringo nayo yanditseho ubwinshi bwa parasite kandi ibi birasaba gukangurira abaturage ingaruka zishobora guturuka ku kurya amafi yanduye adatetse.
Ikiyaga gifite ibirwa bito byinshi, kinini kikaba ikirwa cya Ol Kokwe. Ol Kokwe, ikigo cy’ibirunga cyazimye gifitanye isano n’ikirunga cya Korosi giherereye mu majyaruguru yikiyaga, gifite amasoko menshi ashyushye hamwe na fumarole, amwe muri yo akaba yarahanuye imyanda ya sulfuru. Itsinda ry'amasoko ashyushye asohoka ku nkombe ya Soro hafi y'amajyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bw'ikirwa.
Ahantu henshi h’ubucukumbuzi bwa paleeontologiya, amwe muri yo akaba yaratanze ibisigazwa by’ibinyabuzima hamwe na hominine, biboneka muri Miocene kugeza kuri Pleistocene y’imisozi ikurikirana y’imisozi ya Tugen.
Umujyi munini hafi yikiyaga ni Marigat, mugihe uturere duto turimo Kampi ya Samaki na Loruk. Aka gace karusurwa cyane na ba mukerarugendo kandi gaherereye mu majyepfo y’akarere ka Kenya gatuwe ahanini n’amoko y’abashumba barimo Il Chamus, Rendille, Turkana na Kalenjin. Amacumbi, (amahoteri, akazu ko kwigaburira hamwe n’ahantu hakambika) kimwe na serivisi zubwato ziraboneka kuri Kampi-Ya-Samaki no hafi yacyo ku nkombe y’iburengerazuba, ndetse no ku birwa byinshi byo mu kiyaga
Raporo ya guverinoma ya Kenya mu 2021 yagereranije ko ubuso bw'ikiyaga cya Baringo bwiyongereyeho hejuru ya 100% bugera kuri kilometero kare 268 mu gihe cya 2010-2020. Imidugudu yo ku biyaga yaruzuyemo umwuzure abantu barimurwa.
Nkuriyumwonga
thumb|Nkuriyumwongo Nkuriyumwonga ni ikimera gikunda kuba mu migezi, iruhande rw'imihanda cyangwa mu bishanga ku butumburuke bwa metero 1900 kugeza ku 2400. Nkuriyumwonga ni umuti kikaba n’imboga kiri mu bihingwa by’inyongeramirire. Nkuriyumwonga kera cyifashishwaga mu kuvura kuko gifasha abarwayi ba Diabete cyangwa abantu bahorana umunaniro n’isereri. Nkuriyumwonga gifasha gukiza kwa kuzahara guterwa n’uburozi ,Nkuriyumwonga  kirwanya infection mu maraso ndetse Magaru ikura uburozi mu mubiri hamwe n'ingaruka zabwo. Nkuriyumwonga gihangana n’uburozi mu m'umubiri ukongera ugakora neza. Ikirogora gifasha mu gusukura amaraso ku bafite ibibazo bitandukanye.
Itorero Angilicani
Itorero Angilicani mu 1925 nibwo ryatangiye mu Rwanda,  i Gahini mu Karere ka Kayonza, rifite Diyoseze 11 ryashinzwe n’umusirikare w’Umumisiyone ukomoka mu Bwongereza witwa Geoffrey Holmes, wari uturutse i Kabare muri Uganda.
AMASHAKIRO
Ikiciro:Rwanda Ikiciro:Amadini n'amatorero Ikiciro:Abayobozi b'amadini n'amatorero
Gukonorera ibiti by'imbuto
Abahinzi b’imbuto bo mu Karere ka Huye binubira udukoko twitwa utumatirizi, twateye mu biti by’imbuto bakaba nta musaruro bakibona, ariko mu kigo gishinzwe guteza imbere ubuhinzi n’ubworozi (RAB), basaba abo bahinzi gukonorera ibyo biti bakanabifumbira, hanyuma bakabitera umuti, kuko ari byo bizabafasha kongera kubona umusaruro.
Impamvu
Abahinzi b’imbuto bo mu Murenge wa Rusatira, ni bamwe mu bavuga ko utwo dukoko twatumye nta musaruro bakibona. Usanga bagira bati “Zatangiye ubundi zizana utuntu tw’imyeru munsi y’amababi, hagahita haza ibintu by’umukara bimeze nk’ubuki, bikajya bijojoba. Noneho wa mwembe, akarabo kajeho kagahunguka.”
Imyembe ngo ni yo utwo dukoko twabanje kuzaho, ariko nyuma yaho twaje kugaragara no ku zindi mbuto bahinga nk’amacunga n’indimu.
Kuri ubu bahangayikishijwe kurusha no kubona utu dukoko twaratangiye kugera mu ntoki, bakaba bafite impungenge ko bazagera igihe batacyeza n’ikintu na kimwe, bikabatera ibihombo kurushaho.
Abahinzi babivugaho iki?
Uwitwa Hakizimana ati “Nkanjye nari mfite ibiti by’imyembe bya kijyambere. Umwembe umwe nawugurishaga amafaranga 300, ariko ubu kubera ubumatirizi byaritunnye, nta rutumbwe ruriho.”
Uwitwa Habyarimana na we ati “Iyo myembe, indimu n’amacunga byareraga, abana bakarya, imbuto zisigaye tukagurisha, tukabona agasabune, akunyu na mituweli. None ubu byose byaradupfanye.”
Umuturanyi we na we ati “Mfite ibiti bigera muri 30. Nari nahigiye kuzagura ikimasa mu musaruro nzabona, ariko ubu byarapfuye. Nta rubuto na rumwe wabonaho.”
Abashakashatsi babivugaho iki?
Germain Nkima, umushakashatsi muri RAB, avuga ko ubundi utumatirizi ari udusimba, tukaba atari indwara nk’uko abahinzi bamwe babikeka. Ngo ni udusimba dufata cyane cyane imyembe, ariko dushobora gufata n’ubundi bwoko bw’ibiti bugera ku 120.
Agira ati “Iyo tumaze gufata igiti tuzana amatembabuzi ameze nk’ubuki akagenda ajya ku mababi. Ayo matembabuzi akurura uduhumyo, ugasanga ku kibabi hariho uruhumbu rw’umukara.”
Akomeza asobanura ko ubundi ibitunga igihingwa bikorerwa mu kibabi, kibifashijwemo n’izuba. Iyo izuba rero ritakibasha kwinjira mu kibabi neza, umusaruro uragabanuka.
Ku bijyanye n’icyo abahinzi bakwiye gukora mu gihe ibihingwa byabo byagezweho n’utumatirizi, Nkima agira ati “Ikintu cya mbere umuhinzi agomba gukora ni ugukonorera igiti, akagifumbira kugira ngo kigire imbaraga, kirememo ubudahangarwa, bityo utwo dusimba nituza dusange ubwacyo gifite ubwirinzi.”
Yungamo ati “Hakurikiraho noneho gutera umuti, kandi icyo gihe bigutwara umuti mukeya, kuko igiti uba waragifashe neza.”
Umuti urambye
Mu rwego rwo gushaka umuti urambye kuri iki kibazo ariko, ngo Leta y’u Rwanda yatumije udusimba twangiza utumatirizi ntidushobore kororoka.
Ibi ngo bizafasha kurwanya utumatirizi hadatewe imiti, igenda inahenda kurushaho bikagora umuhinzi.
Utumatirizi ngo twagaragaye bwa mbere mu Ntara y’Iburasirazuba, mu Turere twa Kirehe, Kayonza, Ngoma, dukomeza mu Bugesera hanyuma mu bice by’Amayaga. Kuri ubu tumaze gukwirakwira henshi mu Rwanda.
Sip Kicukiro Limited
thumb|Amazi yo kumya Sip kicukiro Limited Uruganda Sip kicukiro Limited ni uruganda rukora amazi yitwa yatwa Sip, aho yatangiye ibikorwa byayo biri mu Rwanda  kuva mu mwaka yashize, aho yibanda mu gutunganya amazi ikoresheje ikoranabuhanga ryo kuyayungurura, ruherereye mu murenge wa remera mu karere ka Gasabo mu mujyi wa Kigali.
Amazi ya Sip
Uruganda rwa Sip kicukiro limited rukora amazi ya Sip ubusanzwe isanzwe ifite icyangombwa cy’ubuziranenge yahawe n’Ikigo cyibishinzwe cya RSB, ndetse n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu kigenzura ibiribwa n’imiti Rwanda cyi twa FDA, amazi ya Sip Isanzwe ikorera mu bihugu birimo Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Kenya, Burundi, Zambia, na Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo.
Amashakiro
Ikiciro:Rwiyemezamirimo Ikiciro:Amazi
Cascades de Karfiguéla (Ahantu nyaburanga)
Ihuza ryo hanze
Ikiciro:Imigezi Ikiciro:Ubukerarugendo Ikiciro:Burukina Faso
Igishanga cya Ruterana
Igishanga cya Ruterana, giherereye mu murenge wa Rongi mu karere ka Muhanga.
Ibyo wamenya ku Igishanga cya Ruterana
Igishanga cya Ruterana, cyo mu karere ka Muhanga, k’ubufatanye n’umushinga protos bigishijwe kwita kubidukikije,ndetse banahabwa ubumenyi mu gutunganya uturima twigikoni.uyu mushinga wari usanzwe ubafasha wahagaritse ibikorwa byawo maze ubyegurira akarere ka muhanga.Ubwo abo baturage bavuga ko bageze kuri byinshi, ngo haracyari byinshi bari bizeye ko bazakora k’ubufatanye n’umushinga, akaba ariho bahera basaba akarere ka muhanga kubaba hafi muburyo bwimyumvire ndetse no mubushobozi. Ubuyobozi bw’Akarere ka Muhanga ,nabwo bwizeza aba baturage ko buzakomeza kubafasha nkuko bwari busanzwe bukorana n’uyumushinga, ariko kandi bunasaba abaturage kugira uruhare mu gusigasira ibyo bagezeho.Abaturage bavuga babihuriraho n’ubuyobozi bw’umushinga protos, aho busaba akarere, gukomeza kuba hafi abaturage mu rwego rwo kubafasha gukomeza kugira imibereho myiza.Mu ubufatanye kuva mu mwaka wa 2014, ni bwo abo baturage batangiye gufashwa muri gahunda zigamije kurengera ibidukikije, ndetse no kuzamura imibereho yabo, ubu bakaba bashyizwe mu maboko y’Akarere byumwihariko, nyuma yuko ibikorwa byumushinga bigeze kumusozo.
Amashakiro
Ikiciro:Ibidukikije Ikiciro:Ubuhinzi
Collins Mensah
Collins Mensah (wavutse 19 Gashyantare 1961) ni umukinnyi wabigize umwuga wo gusiganwa ku maguru ukomoka muri Gana. Yitabiriye metero 100 mu bagabo mu mikino Olempike yo mu 1984.
Reba
Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Gana
Gutema amashyamba
Gutema amashyamba cyangwa gutema amashyamba ni ugukuraho ishyamba cyangwa igihagararo cy’ibiti ku butaka noneho bigahinduka gukoresha amashyamba. Gutema amashyamba birashobora guhindura ubutaka bwamashyamba mumirima, ubworozi, cyangwa gukoresha imijyi. Gutema amashyamba cyane biboneka mu mashyamba yimvura yo mu turere dushyuha. Kugeza ubu 31% by'ubutaka bw'isi butwikiriwe n'amashyamba muri iki gihe. Iki ni kimwe cya gatatu ugereranije n’amashyamba mbere yo kwagura ubuhinzi, kimwe cya kabiri cy’igihombo cyabaye mu kinyejana gishize. Hafi ya hegitari miliyoni 15 kugeza kuri miliyoni 18 z'amashyamba, ubuso bungana na Bangladesh, burimburwa buri mwaka. Ugereranije, ibiti 2,400 bitemwa buri munota.
Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku biribwa n'ubuhinzi risobanura ko gutema amashyamba ari uguhindura amashyamba ahandi hantu hakoreshwa ubutaka (tutitaye ko biterwa n'abantu). "Gutema amashyamba" na "ihinduka ry’amashyamba" ntabwo ari kimwe: icya nyuma ni igiteranyo cy’ibihombo byose by’amashyamba (gutema amashyamba) hamwe n’inyungu zose z’amashyamba (kwagura amashyamba) mugihe runaka. Guhindura net rero, birashobora kuba byiza cyangwa bibi, ukurikije niba inyungu zirenze igihombo, cyangwa ubundi.
Kurandura ibiti nta mashyamba ahagije byatumye habaho kwangirika kw'imiturire, gutakaza urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima, n'ubukonje. Gutema amashyamba bitera kuzimangana, guhindura imiterere y’ikirere, ubutayu, no kwimura abaturage, nkuko bigaragara muri iki gihe ndetse no mu bihe byashize binyuze mu myanda y’ibinyabuzima. Gutema amashyamba bigabanya kandi ibinyabuzima bya dioxyde de carbone yo mu kirere, byongera ibitekerezo bibi bitera ubushyuhe bukabije ku isi. Ubushyuhe bukabije ku isi kandi bushyira ingufu mu baturage bashaka kwihaza mu biribwa bakuraho amashyamba yo gukoresha mu buhinzi no kugabanya ubutaka bwo guhinga muri rusange. Uturere tw’amashyamba ubusanzwe tugira izindi ngaruka zikomeye z’ibidukikije nk’isuri mbi y’ubutaka no kwangirika mu butayu.
Kwihangana kwimikorere yibiribwa byabantu hamwe nubushobozi bwabo bwo guhangana nimpinduka zizaza bifitanye isano n’ibinyabuzima bitandukanye - harimo ibihuru byahujwe n’ibiti by’ibiti ndetse n’ibiti by’ibiti bifasha kurwanya ubutayu, udukoko dutuye mu mashyamba, udusimba n’ubwoko bw’inyoni zanduza ibihingwa, ibiti bifite imizi myinshi. mu bidukikije by’imisozi birinda isuri, n’ubwoko bwa mangrove butanga guhangana n’umwuzure mu turere two ku nkombe. Hamwe n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere yiyongera ku ngaruka z’ibiribwa, uruhare rw’amashyamba mu gufata no kubika karubone no kugabanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere ni ingenzi ku rwego rw’ubuhinzi.
Amateka ya vuba (1970 gukomeza)
Kurugero, FAO ivuga ko ububiko bwa karubone ku isi bwagabanutseho 0,9%, naho ibiti bitwikiriye 4.2% hagati ya 1990 na 2020. [11] Amashyamba ya karubone y’amashyamba mu Burayi (harimo n’Uburusiya) yiyongereye kuva kuri 158.7 agera kuri 172.4 Gt hagati ya 1990 na 2020. Muri Amerika ya Ruguru, ububiko bwa karuboni bw’amashyamba bwiyongereye buva kuri 136.6 bugera kuri 140 Gt muri icyo gihe. Nyamara, ububiko bwa karubone bwaragabanutse buva kuri 94.3 bugera kuri 80.9 Gt muri Afurika, 45.8 bugera kuri 41.5 Gt muri Aziya y'Amajyepfo n’Amajyepfo y’Amajyepfo ya Aziya hamwe, 33.4 kugeza 33.1 Gt muri Oceania, 5 kugeza kuri 4.1 Gt muri Amerika yo Hagati, no kuva kuri 161.8 kugeza kuri 144.8 Gt muri Amerika yepfo. 12] IPCC (Akanama gashinzwe guverinoma ihuriweho n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe) ivuga ko hari ukutumvikana ku bijyanye n’uko ishyamba ry’isi rigabanuka cyangwa ritagabanuka, kandi ubushakashatsi bwakozwe bwerekana ko igiti cyiyongereyeho 7.1% hagati ya 1982 na 2016. [a] IPCC nayo yaranditse iti: "Mugihe hejuru Ububiko bwa karubone ya biomass bivugwa ko bugabanuka mu turere dushyuha, bugenda bwiyongera ku isi yose kubera ubwiyongere bw’ibigega mu mashyamba ashyushye kandi y’ibiti.
Kwagura ubuhinzi bikomeje kuba intandaro yo gutema amashyamba no gucamo ibice amashyamba no gutakaza ibinyabuzima bitandukanye by’amashyamba. Ubuhinzi bunini mu bucuruzi (cyane cyane ubworozi bw'inka no guhinga ibishyimbo bya soya n'ibigazi by'amavuta) bingana na 40 ku ijana by'amashyamba yo mu turere dushyuha hagati ya 2000 na 2010, naho ubuhinzi butunzwe n’ibindi bice 33%. Ibiti byaciwe kugirango bikoreshwe nk'ibikoresho byo kubaka, ibiti cyangwa bigurishwa nka lisansi (rimwe na rimwe mu buryo bw'amakara cyangwa ibiti), mu gihe ubutaka bwakuweho bukoreshwa nk'inzuri ku bworozi n'ibihingwa ngandurarugo. Umubare munini wibikorwa byubuhinzi bivamo amashyamba biterwa inkunga n’imisoro ya leta. Kwirengagiza agaciro kavuzwe, gucunga neza amashyamba, hamwe n’amategeko adahagije y’ibidukikije ni bimwe mu bintu bitera amashyamba manini. Gutema amashyamba mu bihugu byinshi - haba mu buryo busanzwe [15] kandi biterwa n'abantu - ni ikibazo gikomeje. Hagati ya 2000 na 2012, haciwe kilometero kare miliyoni 2.3 (890.000 sq mi) y’amashyamba ku isi. Gutema amashyamba no kwangirika kw’amashyamba bikomeje kubaho ku kigero giteye ubwoba, ibyo bikaba bigira uruhare runini mu gutakaza urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima bikomeje.
Umubare w’ubutaka bw’ubuhinzi ukenewe ku isi wagabanukaho bitatu bya kane mu gihe abaturage bose bafashe indyo y’ibikomoka ku bimera.
Gutema amashyamba birakabije muri tropique na suamashyamba ya btropiki mubukungu bugenda buzamuka. Kurenga kimwe cya kabiri cyibinyabuzima n’ibinyabuzima ku isi bibera mu mashyamba yo mu turere dushyuha. Kubera gutema amashyamba, kilometero kare miliyoni 6.2 gusa (kilometero kare miliyoni 2.4) zisigaye kuri kilometero kare miliyoni 16 (kilometero kare kare) y’amashyamba y’imvura yo mu turere dushyuha yahoze atwikiriye Isi. Agace kangana n’ikibuga cy’umupira kivanwa mu ishyamba ry’imvura rya Amazone buri munota, hamwe na hegitari miliyoni 136 (hegitari miliyoni 55) z’amashyamba y’imvura yahanaguwe mu buhinzi bw’inyamaswa muri rusange. Hegitari zirenga miliyoni 3.6 z'ishyamba ry'ubushyuhe bwo mu turere dushyuha twatakaye muri 2018. [21] Kurya no gutanga inyama zinka nizo ntandaro yambere yo gutema amashyamba muri Amazone, hafi 80% yubutaka bwahinduwe bukoreshwa mu korora inka. [22] 91% by'ubutaka bwa Amazone bwatewe amashyamba kuva mu 1970 bwahinduwe ubworozi bw'inka. [24] Gutakaza ibiti ku mwaka ku isi bivugwa ko bigera kuri miliyari 10. [26] Dukurikije icyegeranyo cy’umutungo w’amashyamba ku isi 2020 ugereranyije buri mwaka isi y’amashyamba y’amashyamba mu myaka ya 2015-2020 yari hegitari miliyoni 10 naho impuzandengo y’amashyamba y’umwaka mu myaka ya 2000–2010 yari hegitari miliyoni 4.7. Isi yatakaje ha miliyoni 178 z’amashyamba kuva mu 1990, akaba ari agace kangana na Libiya.
Nk’uko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu mwaka wa 2020 bwasohotse muri Scientific Reports, niba gutema amashyamba bikomeje ku kigero kiriho birashobora gutuma abantu barimbuka burundu cyangwa hafi ya bose mu myaka 20 kugeza 40 iri imbere. Bashoje bavuga ko "duhereye ku mibare ... bishoboka ko umuco wacu ubaho ubwayo uri munsi ya 10% mu bihe byiza cyane." Kugira ngo wirinde gusenyuka, ikiremwamuntu kigomba kuva mu muco wiganjemo ubukungu kikajya muri "sosiyete ndangamuco" "iha agaciro inyungu z’ibinyabuzima kuruta inyungu z’umuntu ku giti cye, ariko amaherezo ikurikije inyungu rusange." [28] [29]