cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Apaer wfc
APAER WFC ( Association des Parents Adventistes Pour l’Education à Rusororo, Women Football Club) rifite ishuri rya Rusororo Institute bashinze ishuri ryisumbuye ryigamo abakinnyi ba APAER WFC, ikinwamo n’abanyeshuri b’abakobwa biga kuri iri shuri riherereye mu Murenge wa Rusororo mu Karere ka Gasabo. APAER WFC yazamutse mu shampiyona cyiciro cya mbere mu mwaka w’imikino wa 2021-2022 imaze umwaka umwe mu shampiyona yi cyiciro cya kabili. Urugendo rw' Ikipe ya  APAER WFC muri ruhago y’abagore y’u Rwanda  yarutangira mu 1999. APAER WFC ikina shampiyona y’igihugu I tegurwa na FERWAFA, Ishyirahamwe ry’umupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda ndetse n’igikombe cy’amahoro cy’igihugu cyu Rwanda.
Amashakiro
Ikiciro:Siporo Ikiciro:Umuyobozi muri Siporo Ikiciro:Ikipe ya bagore
Igikombe cy’Amahoro
thumb|Mukura imwe mu m'ikipe yatwaye Igikombe cy'amahoro igikombe cy’Amahoro ni igikombe cya Ferwafa.
IBIBANZA
igikombe cy’Amahoro ni igikombe gitegurwa n'ishyirahamwe ry’umupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda, FERWAFA, Ikipe yegukanye igikombe cy’Amahoro niyo ihagararira igihugu cyu Rwanda, mu mikino nyafurika ya CAF Confedration Cup. Mu gihe hari ikipe yegukanye igikombe cya shampiyona n’igikombe cy’amahoro ikipe yagarukiye ku mukino wa nyuma w’igikombe cy’amahoro niyo ihagararira igihugu mu mikino ya CAF Confederation Cup.
AMAKIPE AGIKINA
igikombe cy’Amahoro gikinwa n'ikipe yose ibishaka yo mu kiciro cya mbere n’amakipe ni yo mu kiciro cya kabiri azwi n'ishyirahamwe ry’umupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda, FERWAFA.
AMAKIPE YACYEGUKANYE
igikombe cy’Amahoro amakipe amaze kugitwa ni nka RAYON SPORTS FC, A.S KIGALI, MUKURA V.S, S.C KIYOVU, APR FC, POLICE FC.
IBIHEMBO
Igikombe cy’Amahoro ikipe igitwaye ihabwa miliyoni 10 z'amafaranga yu Rwanda.
AMAKIPE YAGITWAYE
Dore uko amakipe yagiye yegukana igikombe cy’amahoro:
AMASHAKIRO
Ikiciro:Rwanda Ikiciro:Amakipe Ikiciro:Ibikombe
East African Graniten Industries
East African Graniten Industries ni uruganda rukora amakoro ruri i Rutaraka mu Karere ka Nyagatare, aho uruganda rufite ubushobozi bwo gukora amakaro afite ubuso bungana na metero kare ibihumbi ijana na makumyabiri (120,000 m²) ku buri mwaka.
Amakaro
East African Graniten Industries ni uruganda rukora amakaro bakora bifite ingero za cm 60 kuri 60 ndetse ndetse nandi ya cm 30 kuri 30; nkuko bigaragara mu bikorwa byuru ruganda. Ubuyobozi bw’uru ruganda buvuga ko ruteganya guha akazi abakozi babarirwa hagati ya 180 na 200. Kugeza ubu bakoresha abagera kuri 50. Uretse guha akazi abaturage baruturiye.
amakaro
Ikiciro:Rwiyemezamirimo
Hategekimana Bonaventure
Hategekimana Bonaventure wamenyekanye cyane ku izina rya Gangi, yari umwe mu bakinnyi bakinnye mu bwugarizi mu makipe yose akomeye hano mu Rwanda arimo Rayon Sports, APR Fc, Kiyovu, ATRACO Fc,yakinnye kandi no mu yandi makipe arimo Etincelles fc, Marines fc, Espoir fc,A.S Muhanga ndetse na Musanze FC  yashorejemo umupira kubera uburwayi.
AMASHAKIRO
Ikiciro:Rwanda Ikiciro:Abakinnyi ba siporo
King Ayisoba
King Ayisoba wavutse yitwa Albert Apoozore (1974) ni umunyagana ukora umuziki mu buryo bwa gakondo, azwi cyane ku buryo bwe bwihariye yakoragamo umuziki hamwe na Kologo.
Ubuzima two hambere
Ayisoba yavukiye i Bongo Soe mu karere ko mu burasirazuba bwo hejuru bwa Gana.
Nowa Babadi Kasule
Noah Babadi Kasule (wavutse 15 Gicurasi 1985) ni umukinnyi ukina umupira w'amaguru ukomoka muri Uganda.
Amasoko Y’imigezi
Kwangirika kw'Amasoko y'Imigezi
thumb|Umugezi Tuvuga ko amazi ari ubuzima, ntacyo twakora atabonetse kandi ncyeka ko kuyabona na bwo yanduye, byashyira ubuzima mu kaga kurushaho. Rero njyewe nasaba, nk’uko hari ingamba nyinshi zigamije kurengera ubuzima bwa muntu, hakabayeho n’ubukangurambaga mu batuye Umujyi wa Kigali, kubungabunga imyobo buri wese akabigira ibye, twirinda ingaruka zirimo n’uko kwanduza amasoko y’amazi dukoresha. Bamwe mu batuye mu Mujyi wa Kigali, bavuga ko bagihanganye n’ikibazo cyo kubona amazi meza, mu gihe hirya no hino hakigaragara za ruhurura, imisarani icukurwa ku bwinshi ndetse n’imyobo yagenewe gufata amazi, ariko bititabwaho ku buryo byaba indandaro yo kwanduza amasoko y’amazi bakoreshwa mu buzima bwa buri munsi.
Nowa Babadi Kasule
Ihuza ryo hanze
Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Uganda
Amasoko Y’imigezi
Impuguke icyo zibivugaho
Bamwe mu mpuguke mu by’ibidukikije, bavuga ko mu gihe imisarane n’ibyobo bishyirwamo amazi yanduye byaba bikomeje gucungwa nabi, bishobora gukururira imijyi imwe n’imwe kurigita, kubw’ubucucike bw’abayituye. Ku ruhande rw’Umujyi wa Kigali, ngo bishobora gutera inkangu zikomeye bitewe n’ubuhaname bwawo, ndetse bikanagira ingaruka ku mazi abantu bavoma.
Amashakiro
Ikiciro:Ibidukikije
Amashyamba yabaturage
thumb| Ibarura rusange ry’amashyamba ya Peru Amashyamba y’abaturage ni ishami ry’amashyamba agenda atera imbere aho abaturage baho bafite uruhare runini mu micungire y’amashyamba no gufata ibyemezo by’ubutaka ubwabo mu korohereza leta ndetse n’abakozi bashinzwe impinduka. Harimo uruhare n’ubufatanye by’abafatanyabikorwa batandukanye barimo abaturage, leta n’imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta (ONG). Yamenyekanye cyane mu myaka ya za 70 rwagati kandi ingero z’amashyamba y’abaturage zirashobora kugaragara mu bihugu byinshi birimo Nepal, Indoneziya, Koreya, Burezili, Ubuhinde na Amerika ya Ruguru.
Incamake
thumb| Ibiti biva mu ishyamba ryabaturage muri Oaxaca, Mexico Amashyamba rusange ni ishami ry’amashyamba yita ku micungire y’amashyamba kugirango yinjize amafaranga ava mu biti n’ibiti bitari ibiti nk’ibicuruzwa mu gihe ku rundi ruhande bigenga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, gutura mu nsi y’inyungu ziva mu kubungabunga amazi, gukwirakwiza karubone n’indangagaciro nziza nka muburyo bwa serivisi. Yafashwe nk'imwe mu nzira zitanga icyizere cyo guhuza kubungabunga amashyamba n'iterambere ry'icyaro. Amashyamba yabaturage abaho mugihe abaturage baho mukarere bafite uruhare runini mugufatira ibyemezo imikoreshereze yubutaka kandi mugihe abaturage banyuzwe nuruhare rwabo ninyungu zituruka kumicungire y’amashyamba akikije umutungo wacyo.
mwaka wa 2016, FAO yavuze ko hafi kimwe cya gatatu cy’amashyamba ku isi ari mu buryo bunoze bwo gucunga abaturage.
Amateka
Kuboneka kw'amashyamba akenshi bigabanuka cyane kugirango bikoreshwe nabaturage baho kubera umuvuduko ukabije wo guhinga ubutaka, gushingira kumashyamba nabyo bigira ingaruka kumahinduka mubukungu na politiki. Imihindagurikire y’amashyamba y’abaturage muri Nepal yatangiye guhera mu mpera za za 70 kandi yatangijwe bwa mbere mu rwego rwo kunoza imicungire y’umutungo w’amashyamba no gukemura ibibazo. Mu myaka 20 ishize, amashyamba y’abaturage yakoreshejwe neza mu bihugu byinshi bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere, intego nyamukuru yayo ni ukurandura ubukene hagati y’amashyamba yaho ndetse no kubungabunga amashyamba.
Abafatanyabikorwa
Uruhare rwa zimwe mu nzego zinyuranye z’abaturage, leta n’imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta (ONG) ni ngombwa kugira ngo umushinga ugende neza. Mugihe abafatanyabikorwa runaka batandukanye hagati yimishinga itandukanye y’amashyamba yabaturage amatsinda yibanze yabafatanyabikorwa ni aya akurikira: Abafatanyabikorwa mu mashyamba y’abaturage bafite inyungu zo gushyiraho imikorere irambye, kureba ko amashyamba arinzwe bihagije kugira ngo arambe cyangwa agabanye ibikorwa bitemewe kandi acunge akarere mu buryo bwo guteza imbere ubukerarugendo no kubungabunga. Muri ibi bihe, abafatanyabikorwa bafashe umwanzuro wo guha umutungo w’amashyamba abaturage baho, gucunga no gukoresha ibyemezo byabo. amashyamba bisa nkaho ari ingingo yingenzi yo gucunga neza amashyamba yabaturage. Hashyizweho ibihe byinshi byigihe kizaza kugirango bifashe inzira yibidukikije.
Inzitizi
Ubushakashatsi bwakorewe muri Amazone yo muri Burezile bwemeje ko hari ibibazo byinshi bagomba guhura nabyo mugihe hategurwa ingamba zihamye zo gucunga amashyamba yabaturage. Izi mbogamizi zivugwa mu mbonerahamwe ya 2 kandi Ishusho ya 1 yerekana ingaruka buri kibazo cyo kuyobora kigira ku zindi mbogamizi.
Imbonerahamwe 2. Inzitizi zihura n’abafatanyabikorwa bayobora amashyamba
Kugirango gahunda yo kubungabunga ishyamba ryabaturage igende neza, uruhare rwabaturage ni ngombwa. Guverinoma zishishikajwe no kubungabunga amashyamba zitangiza politiki n’amategeko mu gihugu cyose zananiwe gutanga umusaruro wifuzwa nko mu Bushinwa, Nepal na Peru.
Kubungabunga inyamaswa
Nubwo hari ubushakashatsi buke ku ruhare rw’amashyamba y’abaturage mu kubungabunga inyamaswa, ubushakashatsi bumwe na bumwe bwerekana ko bufasha mu kubungabunga inyamaswa.
Nepal
Ubutaka busanzwe muri Nepal bufitwe na leta ikunze kuba idafite ubushobozi bwo gukurikirana no gucunga ako karere. Amatsinda y’abakoresha amashyamba' (FUG) yo gucunga umutungo w’amashyamba atabahaye nyir'ubutaka. Gahunda yo gucunga amashyamba muri Nepal iba imwe muri gahunda zatsinze kuri 8 kwisi yose izwi kuri Rio 20+. Ibi byatanze umusaruro ushimishije mukarere.
Indoneziya
Abaturage bo mu miryango itatu yo mu karere ka Bantaeng muri Indoneziya, babifashijwemo n'umushinga watewe inkunga babonye uruhushya rwo gucunga amashyamba kandi babona ubukode bw'imyaka 35 ku ishyamba ryabo.
Koreya
Abahinzi bagirana amasezerano yo kugabana inyungu n’ishyirahamwe ry’amashyamba ry’imidugudu (VFA) kugira ngo bashireho koperative ifasha abahinzi gutera amashyamba hakurikijwe amategeko.Sisitemu yerekana kuvanga ibyifuzo byo hejuru-hasi na hasi-hejuru igenzura igenzura rya leta kimwe no gutera amashyamba neza binyuze mubaturage babigizemo uruhare.
Sisitemu yo kuyobora
Kubera ko bidashoboka ko ibice byombi bigira imiterere ni mibereho n’ubukungu n’ibidukikije. Hashingiwe ku bushakashatsi bwakozwe mu myaka itari mike muri Nepal, byagaragaye ko kugira kandi uburyo bunoze bwo gucunga neza, dukeneye kumenya impinduka zagira ingaruka ku ntsinzi :
Rimwe na rimwe, ntibishoboka ko umuntu ategereza iterambere mu micungire y’ibikorwa by’amashyamba, kuko akenshi havuka amakimbirane ajyanye no gukoresha ubutaka no kugabana inyungu mu baturage.
Imiryango yizera iragenda igira uruhare mubikorwa byo guteza imbere ibidukikije. Mugihe imyaka 50-100 ishize yababonye bakodesha akarere kabo munganda. Muri Nzeri 2010, abihayimana b'Ababuda bahawe igihembo cya Equator cya UNDP kubera ibikorwa byabo byo kubungabunga ibidukikije. Ibi bikubiyemo gushyiraho pepiniyeri y'ibiti, gukwirakwiza ingemwe. Bakora uyu murimo kugirango bateze imbere ubuzima burambye no kubungabunga ibidukikije mu turere dutatu; umushinga w'icyitegererezo, watangijwe mu 1997 muri Kratie ugizwe numuyoboro wa pagoda esheshatu ufite 1,461 hectares (3,610 acres). Urubuga rwahindutse isoko yamakuru yamakuru nuburere bushingiye ku bidukikije ndetse n’ibanze ku baturage baho.
Florine Muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba
Florin yari ifaranga ry'abakoloni b'Abongereza ndetse hamwe n'abashinzwe kurinda Afurika y'Iburasirazuba hagati yo muri 1920 na 1921. Yagabanijwemo amafaranga 100. Yasimbuye ifaranga rya Afurika y'Iburasirazuba kuringaniza, riza risimburwa na Amashiringi yo muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba ku gipimo cya shilingi 2 = folorine 1. Folorine yari ihwanye na shilingi 2 muri siterilingi.
Reba
Ikiciro:Afurika y'iburasirazuba Ikiciro:Amafaranga
Emmanuel Dasor
Ibyiza byawe bwite
Hanze
Reba
Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Gana
Makarios Djan
Makarios Djan (wavutse ku ya 3 Kamena 1955) ni umukinnyi wo gusiganwa ku maguru wa bigize umwuga ukomoka muri Gana. Yitabiriye imikino ya metero 4 × 100 mu bagabo mu mikino Olempike yo mu 1984.
Reba
Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Gana
Isomero ry'igihugu rya Somaliya
thumb| Zainab Hassan, Umuyobozi w'isomero ry'igihugu rya Somaliya Isomero ry’igihugu cya Somaliya ni isomero ry’igihugu riherereye Mogadishu,  mu murwa mukuru wa Somaliya.
Amateka
Isomero ry’igihugu ryashinzweho mu mwaka wa 1975, rishirwa kumugaragaro rikingurirwe rubanda rusanzwe. Mu mwaka wa 1983, ryari rifite ibitabo bigera ku 7,000, rifite ibikoresho bike byububiko bw'amateka n'umuco.
Iryo somero ry’igihugu ryaje gufungwa mu myaka ya za 90 mu gihe cy’intambara yo muri Somaliya. Mu kwezi kwa Kamena mu mwaka wa 2013, Ikigo cy’umurage gishinzwe ubushakashatsi kuri politiki cyateguye kohereza ibitabo 22,000 bivuye muri Amerika byerekezwa mu gihugu cya Somaliya mu rwego rwo kongera gusana isomero. Mu kwezi k'Ukuboza muri uwo mwaka, abategetsi ba Somaliya batangije ku mugaragaro umushinga ukomeye wo kongera kubaka Isomero ry’igihugu.
Hamwe na Zainab Hassan ukora nk'umuyobozi, gahunda ya miliyoni imwe y’amadorali yatewe inkunga na guverinoma yateganyije ko hakubakwa inzu y'ibitabo nshya mu murwa mukuru mu gihe cy'amezi atandatu. Mu rwego rwo kwitegura gusubukura, biteganijwe ko haziyongeraho ibitabo 60,000 by’ibindi bihugu byo mu bihugu by’Abarabu.
Amashakiro
Ikiciro:Somaliya Ikiciro:Amateka Ikiciro:Iterambere rya Afurica
Amabuye y'agaciro mu Rwanda
right|thumb|300x300px| Isosiyete icukura amabuye y'agaciro muri Bugarama mu Rwanda. Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro mu Rwanda bugizwe ahanini no gucukura amabuye y'agaciro harimo nka tin, tantalum, na tungsten. Muri 2020, u Rwanda rwinjije amadolari ya Amerika 733 avuye mu bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, bituma ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro aribwo bwinjira cyane mu Rwand bijya mu mahanga nyuma y’ubukerarugendo.
Ikiyaga cya George
thumb|ikyaga cya George Ikiyaga cya Geworuge gishobora kwerekeza kuri:
Amabuye y'agaciro mu Rwanda
Mu mwaka wa 2019, iki gihugu cyari icya 7 mu bihugu bitanga tungsten kandi kikaba icya 12 mu bihugu bitanga tin.
Umunsi mpuzamahanga w’ibikorwa bijyanye n'imiterere y'ikirere umwaka w'2020
Umunsi mpuzamahanga w’ibikorwa bijyanye n'imiterere y'ikirere umwaka ni urugendo rugamije ubukangurambaga ku isi yose rwabaye ku ya 25 Nzeri 2020, rwateguwe na vendredi For Future n'indi miryango ikora nk'Urubyiruko rugira uruhare mu kurwanya imihindagurikire y'ikirere na 350.org. ubu bukangurambaga butegurwa mu rwego rwo ku wa gatanu mu bikorwa bizaza, bigamije gutuma isi yose igira ubumenyi ku ngaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere no kongera ubumenyi ku bijyanye no kwiyongera byihuse by’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere n’umutungo ku isi. thumb| ubukangurambaga Berlin, 25 sep. 2020 ibihimbi by'imijyi myinshi ku isi yitabira ibi bikorwa kugirango batume urubyiruko rugira uruhare rukanafata iya mbere mu guhangana n 'imihindagurikire y'ikirere. ugendeye ku mibare yagaragajwe n'ibarurishamibare usanga abitabiriye iki gikorwa ari: ibihugu 154, imijyi 2362, hanateguwe ibirori ahamtu 3615. gusa uyu mubare waragabanijwe kubera cyorezo cya koronavirusi.
Ikiyaga cya George
Ibiyaga
thumb|Ikiyaga cya george
Reba kandi
Ikiciro:Ibiyaga
Strecmann's bushcrow
ABYSSINIAN BUSH CROW
Igihuru cya strecmann kizwi kandi kw'izina rya pisini Abyssiany Akaba ari igikona cyo mugihuru cya
etiopia izina ryacyo rusange akaba ari Zavattarionis ,n'inyoni imeze nk'inyenyeri kurubu ikaba
ikekwa ko ari umwe mubagize umuryango w'inkongoro.. nubwo ibi bitazwi neza.umuhogo
n'inyoni yijimye kandi ikikijwe nitsinda ry'uruhu rwerurutse rwambaye ubusa.
ubusanzwe inyoni zubaka ibyari byazo mu biti ,kandi zigatera amagi yaagera muri atanu kuri atandatu
Kubanisha ibimera kabiri
Guhuza inshuro ebyiri ( DPM ) ni igishushanyo cyo guhuza (kwambuka) gikoreshwa mu bworozi bw'ibihingwa. Buri muntu ku giti cye yahujwe nabandi babiri.
Strecmann's bushcrow
ABYSSINIAN BUSH CROW
hamwe na lilac.icyari ubwacyo zifite umubumbe w'isi hamwe n umutereko wacyo winjira hejuru.
Moscovy duck
Moscovy Duck
thumb Moscovy duck ni inyoni nini ikomoka muri america mu biyaga bya Rio Grand, Texas na mexico
Strecmann's bushcrow
Taxonomy
Ubu bwoko bw'inyoni bugira amazina menshi harimo ni iryibihuru bya stresmann ni igihuru cya
Moscovy duck
Moscovy Duck
7 ( 15 lb.) izi nyoni ziganjemo umukara n' umweru zikagira kandi amababa yumukara umurika kubigabo
Strecmann's bushcrow
Taxonomy
ethiopia, igihuru cya Abyssinian na Zavattarioni. Izina rya zavattarioni ryibutsa izina rya
Amabuye y'agaciro mu Rwanda
Amabuye y'agaciro yakuwe
Muri Kwakira 2012, Minisiteri y’Umutungo Kamere w’u Rwanda yahagaritse ibikorwa by’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y'agaciro mu ntara y’iburengerazuba bw’igihugu hashingiwe ko babangamiye uruzi rwa Sebeya. Iki cyemezo cyakemuwe nabi bitewe n’amasosiyete yibucukuzi y’amabuye y'agaciro yatakaje umusaruro ndetse no gutakaza akazi ibihumbi n’ibihumbi ku bakozi bakora mu birombe.
Comb duck
, comb duck ni inyoni idasanzwe, iboneka mu bishanga byo mu turere dushyuha two ku mugabane wa Amerika y'epfo mu majyepfo kugera mu karere k'umugezi wa Paraguay mu burasirazuba bwa Paraguay, mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Berezile no mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bwa Arijantine, kandi nk'inzererezi kuri Trinidad.
Strecmann's bushcrow
Taxonomy
Eduard zavatard umutariyani w ''umushakashatsi mu bijyanye n'inyamanswa yabaye umuyoboxzi w' ikigo
Umuryango uharanira uburenganzira bw'abafite ubumuga
thumb|disability Right Umuryango uharanira uburenganzira bw'abafite ubumuga cg se Disability rights movement Umuryango mundimi zamahanga N' uharanira uburenganzira bw'abafite ubumuga ni umuryango mpuzamahanga  uharanira imibereho myiza ishaka kubona amahirwe angana n'uburenganzira bungana ku bafite ubumuga bose.
Amabuye y'agaciro mu Rwanda
Reba
Ikiciro:Ubukungu bw’u Rwanda Ikiciro:Ubucuruzi Ikiciro:Amabuye y'agaciro
Umuryango uharanira uburenganzira bw'abafite ubumuga
Igizwe n’amashyirahamwe y’abaharanira ubumuga, azwi kandi ku baharanira ubumuga, ku isi yose akorana n’intego n’ibisabwa, nka: kugerwaho n’umutekano mu bwubatsi, ubwikorezi, n’ibidukikije; amahirwe angana mubuzima bwigenga, uburinganire bwakazi, uburezi, nuburaro ; n'umudendezo wo kuvangura, guhohoterwa, kwirengagizwa, no kuvutswa uburenganzira. Abaharanira ubumuga barimo gukora kugira ngo bakureho inzitizi z’inzego, iz'umubiri, n’abaturage zibuza ababana n’ubumuga kubaho ubuzima bwabo nkabandi baturage. Uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga buragoye kuko hari inzira nyinshi umuntu ufite ubumuga ashobora guhungabanya uburenganzira bwabo mu mibereho-politiki, umuco, n’amategeko bitandukanye. Kurugero, mubihe bigezweho, inzitizi rusange ababana nubumuga bahura nazo zijyanye nakazi. By'umwihariko, abakoresha akenshi ntibashaka cyangwa badashobora gutanga amacumbi akenewe kugirango abafite ubumuga bashobore gukora neza imirimo yabo. Iyo baganiriye kubyerekeranye nabafite ubumuga bakeneye, abaharanira ubumuga bavuga ko ibisubizo birimo ababana nubumuga nkabitabira cyane, byibuze kurwego runaka. Sisitemu ziriho zirimo uruhare rwabandi bantu, nko gusubiza mu mutwe no kunganira mu mategeko, ariko bumwe murubwo buryo burimo guha imbaraga iri tsinda kwihaza.
Strecmann's bushcrow
Taxonomy
cy'ibinyabuzima mu ri kaminuza ya Roma hagati 1935-1958.
Moscovy duck
Moscovy Duck
naho kubigore ukaba umukara wijimye, ingano yo kwererana kumutwe no kw' ijosi irahinduka bitewe
Strecmann's bushcrow
IMITERERE
Muri rusange iyi nyoni ifite ibara ryijimwe n'umurizo ibara ryirabura  umutwe hamwe na
Kubanisha ibimera kabiri
Amahame
Igishushanyo cya 1 hahinduwe variant ya DPM irerekanwa. DPM nigishushanyo mbonera cyo guhuza muri gahunda yo korora iringaniye, aho hifuzwa umusanzu ungana kuri buri miturir y'ibyororoka. Hamwe na DPM umubare wimiryango mishya yashizweho uhwanye numubare wabantu bashakanye. DPM yemerera gukoresha neza uburyo bwiza bwo guhuza ibitsina kugirango ikoreshe neza aborozi borozi kugirango boherezwe mu busitani bwimbuto. Ugereranije no guhuza ibitsina byombi, DPM ifite ibyiza ko genes ziva kumuntu zanduzwa ibisekuruza bizaza nubwo imwe mumisaraba yananiwe; ko igereranya ryizewe ryubworozi bwababyeyi rishoboka (ingirakamaro kumurima wimbuto, aho ibiti byapimwe bikundwa); kandi ko genes zabakurambere batandukanye zifite amahirwe meza yo guhuza.
Moscovy duck
Moscovy Duck
ninyoni iyo ariyo ishobora kuba umuhondo, umutuku, umukara cyangwa imvange iyo ariyo yose
Strecmann's bushcrow
IMITERERE
capilare yo hejuru byose n'imvi ubwoya yo kugahanga n'amabara yo hejuru y'ugutwi byose
bihinduka umweru ikaba ifite uruhu rwiza ruzengurutse ijisho nti rufiye amababa kandi rushobora
Umuryango uharanira uburenganzira bw'abafite ubumuga
Leta zunz'ubumwe
thumb|Disability Right Uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga muri Amerika bwateye imbere cyane mu kinyejana gishize. Mbere y’umuryango uharanira uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga, Perezida Franklin D. Roosevelt yanze gutangazwa mu rwego rw’intege nke yerekanye kandi agereranya ipfunwe ririho rishingiye ku bumuga. kwiyamamaza, gutanga disikuru, cyangwa gukora nk'umuntu wa rubanda, yahishe ubumuga bwe. Ibi byakomeje ingengabitekerezo ivuga ngo "ubumuga bugereranya n'intege nke". Ubumuga muri Amerika bwafatwaga nkikibazo cyumuntu ku giti cye, kandi ntabwo imiryango myinshi ya politiki cyangwa ya leta yabayeho kugirango ishyigikire abantu muri ayo matsinda. Mu myaka ya za 1950, habaye inzibacyuho mu bushake n’imiryango igamije ababyeyi, nka Werurwe ya Dimes. Mu gihe iyi yari intangiriro yo guharanira no gushaka inkunga kuri aya matsinda, abana bafite ubumuga bahishiwe ahanini n’ababyeyi babo kubera gutinya ko basubizwa mu gahato. Igihe umuryango uharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu watangiraga mu myaka ya za 1960, abaharanira ubumuga barifatanije nawo hamwe n’imiryango iharanira uburenganzira bw’umugore hagamijwe guteza imbere uburinganire buke no guhangana n’imyumvire. Muri icyo gihe ni bwo ubuvugizi bw’uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga bwatangiye kwibanda ku bumuga bw’ubumuga. Abantu bafite ubumuga butandukanye (ubumuga bwumubiri nubwenge, hamwe nubumuga bwo kutabona no kumva) nibikenewe bitandukanye bahuriye hamwe kugirango baharanire ikintu kimwe. Mu 1990 ni bwo hashyizweho itegeko ry’Abanyamerika bafite ubumuga (ADA), ribuza mu buryo bwemewe n'amategeko ivangura rishingiye ku bumuga, kandi ritegeka ko abantu bafite ubumuga mu nyubako zose no mu duce rusange. ADA ifite amateka mu mateka kuko yasobanuye ibisobanuro by'amacumbi akwiye hagamijwe kurinda abakozi n'abakoresha. Muri iki gihe, abaharanira uburenganzira bw'abafite ubumuga bakomeje kurengera abavangura, harimo no gukora ku bibazo nko kubahiriza amategeko no gufata ababana n'ubumuga.
Comb duck
Imiterere
Ubu bwoko busanzwe ntibushidikanywaho. Ni bumwe mu bwoko bunini bw'inyoni. Uburebure bushobora kuva 56 to 76 cm (22 kugeza 30 muri), amababa ari hagati ya 116 to 145 cm (46 kugeza 57 muri) n'uburemere kuva 1.03 to 2.9 kg (2.3 kugeza 6.4 lb). inyoni nkuru zifite umutwe wera wuzuyeho ibibara byijimye, nijosi ryera ryera hamwe na underparts. Ibice byo hejuru ni ubururu bwirabura-umukara hejuru, hamwe nubururu nicyatsi kibisi cyane cyane kumasegonda (amababa yo hepfo).
Biogeochemistry
Biogeochemie ni disipuline yubumenyi ikubiyemo ubushakashatsi bwibikorwa bya chimique, physique, geologiya, na biologique hamwe nibisubizo bigenga imiterere yibidukikije (harimo ibinyabuzima, urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima, hydrose, pedosiporo, ikirere, na lithosifike ). By'umwihariko, biogeochemie ni ubushakashatsi bwibizunguruka bya biogeochemiki, inzinguzingo yibintu bya shimi nka karubone na azote, hamwe n’imikoranire yabyo no kwinjizwa mu binyabuzima bitwarwa na sisitemu y’ibinyabuzima mu kirere no mu gihe. Umurima wibanda kumuzunguruko wimiti itwarwa cyangwa igira ingaruka kubikorwa byibinyabuzima. Byibanze cyane ku bushakashatsi bwa karubone, azote, sulfure, fer, na fosifore. Biogeochemie ni sisitemu siyanse ifitanye isano rya hafi na sisitemu y'ibidukikije.
Umuryango uharanira uburenganzira bw'abafite ubumuga
Umuryango w’abibumbye
Ku isi hose, Umuryango w’abibumbye washyizeho amasezerano y’uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga, aganira ku buryo bwihariye ku basangwabutaka bafite ubumuga (Lockwood 146).
Strecmann's bushcrow
IMITERERE
guhindagurika rigabanyamo ijisho ry'iraburamo ibice  amababa ya nyuma y'ijisho
ashobora kugenda ikagira kandi umunwa w'umukara muto muto. Umurizo yayo ni umukara
kandi ni muremure, amaguru yayo kandi arirabura
IBIDUKIKIJE N'IMYITWARIRE
Igiti cya stressmann gisanzwe kiboneka mu matsinda y;inyoni mu bwoko bugera muri butatu ububwoko nti bwimuka.
INDYO
Itangira kurisha izuba rirashe ikaba irishitriza ku butaka igafungura akanywa kacyo gato gato
mu gihuru kiyegereye ikagitsindagisha ikirenge ikakica kugirango irye umuhigo wacyo.
IPM wfc
IPM wfc ( Institut Paroissiale de Mukarange, Women Football Club)  ni ikipe y’umupira wa maguru wa babigize umwuga. Ni ikipe igaragaramo abagore n’abakobwa mugukina shampiyona y’igihugu I tegurwa na FERWAFA, Ishyirahamwe ry’umupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda ndetse n’igikombe cy’amahoro cy’igihugu. IPM wfc ikina mu shampiyona y’icyiciro cya mbere cyu mu mupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda mu bagore, ikaba yaratweye irushanwa rya Amashuri Kagame Cup ndetse, IPM WFC yatwaye igikombe cya Shampiyona y'ikiciro cya kabiri mu bagore muri 2022 kugeza 2023.
Umuryango uharanira uburenganzira bw'abafite ubumuga
Inzitizi z’abafite ubumuga
Imibereho y’ubumuga yerekana ko ubumuga buterwa nuburyo societe itunganijwe, aho guterwa nubumuga bwumuntu. Iyi moderi yerekana inzitizi muri societe ziterwa nubushobozi. Iyo inzitizi zavanyweho, ababana nubumuga barashobora kwigenga no kunganya muri societe.Hariho ubwoko butatu bwingenzi bwinzitizi:
IPM wfc
Amashakiro
Ikiciro:Siporo Ikiciro:Ikipe ya bagore
Imihindagurikire y’ikirere
thumb|Ikirere U Rwanda rubangamiwe n‘impanuka karemano zikomoka ku mihindagurikire y’ikirere cyangwa y’ibintu byo mu nda y’isi. - Zimwe muri izo mpanuka ni : izuba rikabije, imvura y’amahindu, imyuzure, inkangu, imitingito, kuruka kw’ibirunga n’ibyorezo. Mu myaka 10 ishize, izi mpanuka zabaye mu by’ukuri mu gihugu cyose. Izi mpanuka zirushaho kugira ubukana bitewe n’imihingire mibi, itemwa ry’amashyamba no kwangiza ibidukikije ari byo bimwe muri ibyo. Ibihe by’izuba nibyo akenshi bitera amapfa, ibura ry’ibiribwa, igabanuka ry’aamoko y’inyamaswa n’ay’ibimera, iyimuka ry’abaturage bashaakisha ibyo kurya n’inzuri. thumb|Ingaruka z'umutingito
Imitingito y’isi
U Rwanda ruherereye mu karere kaberamo imitingito y’isi ifite inkomoko yayo mu kiyaga cya Kivu. Agace k’amajyaruguru ashyira uburengerazuba bw’igihugu kagizwe n’uruhererekane rw’ibirunga gakunze kuberamo imitingito. Ibi bituma u Rwanda rukunze kuberamo imitingito y’isi, by’umwihariko Akarere k’uburengerazuba. Mu minsi ya vuba aha koko, imitingito 2 iifite ubukana bwa 6,1 na 5,0 mu mibare ya Richter kimwe n’intandaro zayo yabaye ku itariki ya 3 n’iya 14 Gashyantare 2008, umwe ku wundi. Inkomoko y’iyo mitingito y’isi yari iherereye hafi y’umujyi wa Bukavu mu nkengero z’ikiyaga cya Kivu, muri Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo. thumb|Ikirunga
Umuryango uharanira uburenganzira bw'abafite ubumuga
Ababana n'ubumuga bw'umubiri
Kugera ahantu nyabagendwa nkumuhanda wumujyi, inyubako rusange, nubwiherero nimwe mumpinduka zigaragara zazanywe mumyaka mirongo ishize kugirango bakureho inzitizi zumubiri. Impinduka zigaragara mu bice bimwe na bimwe byisi ni ugushiraho inzitizi, inzugi zikoresha, inzugi nini na koridoro, guterura abantu, ibimuga by’ibimuga, guca umuhanda, no gukuraho intambwe zidakenewe aho ibitambambuga na lift bitaboneka, bigatuma abantu bari mu magare y’ibimuga. hamwe nubundi bumuga bwimodoka bwo gukoresha inzira nyabagendwa hamwe ninzira nyabagendwa byoroshye kandi mumutekano.
Imihindagurikire y’ikirere
Kuruka kw’ibirunga
Uruhererekane rw’ibirunga mu majyaruguru ashyira uburengerazuba, harimo na Nyiragongo iri muri Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, gihora k’itezwe guteza ibibazo kubera y’uko gikunze kuruka. Uko kuruka kw’ibirunga kubangamiye abatuye mu turere twa Goma na Gisenyi, aha mbere ari ho muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo ahandi ari mu Rwanda. Iruka rya vuba ryabaye muri Kanama 2005 ryateje iyangirika ry’ibikorwa remezo mu mujyi wa Goma muri Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo ku mupaka w’umujyi wa Gisenyi mu Karere ka Rubavu.
Umuti
Guhangana n’ihindagurika ry’ikirere: U Rwanda rwasanze hari ibintu 6 byihutirwa mu guhangana n’Imihindagurikire y’ikirere:
Amashakiro
Ikiciro:Ibidukikije Ikiciro:Ikirere
Biogeochemistry
Ikigereki cya mbere
Abagereki ba mbere bashizeho igitekerezo cyibanze cya biogeochemie ko kamere igizwe nizunguruka.
Ikinyejana cya 18-19
Inyungu zubuhinzi muri chimie yubutaka bwo mu kinyejana cya 18 byatumye dusobanukirwa neza intungamubiri nisano bifitanye na biohimiki. Iyi sano iri hagati yizunguruka yubuzima kama nibicuruzwa byabo bya shimi byarushijeho kwagurwa na Dumas na Boussingault mumpapuro 1844 ifatwa nkintambwe ikomeye mugutezimbere biogeochemie. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck yakoresheje bwa mbere ijambo ibinyabuzima mu 1802, abandi bakomeza guteza imbere icyo gitekerezo mu kinyejana cya 19. Ubushakashatsi bwambere bwikirere bwakozwe nabahanga nka Charles Lyell, John Tyndall, na Joseph Fourier bwatangiye guhuza ibibarafu, ikirere nikirere.
Imiterere y'ubutaka
Imiterere y'ubutaka, izwi kandi nka pedogenezi, ni inzira yo kuvuka k'ubutaka nkuko bigengwa n'ingaruka z'ahantu, ibidukikije, n'amateka. Ibikorwa bya biogeochemiki ikora kugirango ikore kandi isenye gahunda ( anisotropy ) mubutaka. Ihinduka riganisha ku iterambere ryibice, byitwa ubutaka butambitse, bitandukanijwe nibitandukaniro ryamabara, imiterere, imiterere, na chimie. Ibiranga bibaho muburyo bwo gukwirakwiza ubwoko bwubutaka, bukorwa mugusubiza itandukaniro ryibintu byubutaka.
Pedogenezi yizwe nkishami rya pedologiya, ubushakashatsi bwubutaka mubidukikije. Andi mashami ya pedologiya ni ubushakashatsi bwimiterere yubutaka, no gutondekanya ubutaka. Ubushakashatsi bwa pedogenezi ni ngombwa mu gusobanukirwa uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza ubutaka muri iki gihe ( geografiya yubutaka ) no mubihe bya kera ( paleopedologiya ).
Incamake
Ubutaka butera imbere binyuze murukurikirane rwimpinduka. Intangiriro ni ikirere cyibikoresho byababyeyi byegeranijwe. Mikorobe zitandukanye zubutaka ( bacteria, archaea, fungi ) zirisha ibintu byoroshye ( intungamubiri ) zirekurwa nikirere, kandi bigatanga aside irike hamwe na poroteyine kabuhariwe bigira uruhare mu guhangana n’ikirere. Basize kandi ibisigazwa kama bigira uruhare mukurema humus. Imizi y'ibiti hamwe na mycorrhizal fungi ya symbiotic nayo irashobora gukuramo intungamubiri mumabuye.
Ibyo wamenya kubutaka
Imiterere yubutaka iterwa byibura nibintu bitanu bya kera bifitanye isano nihindagurika ryubutaka. Nibo: ibikoresho byababyeyi, ikirere, imiterere yubutaka (ubutabazi), ibinyabuzima, nigihe. Iyo byerekeranye nikirere, ibinyabuzima, ubutabazi, ibikoresho byababyeyi, nigihe, bigize incamake CLORPT.
Ubutaka busanzwe bwababyeyi ibikoresho byamabuye y'agaciro ni :
Inagruka zIkirere kubutaka
Imihindagurikire y’ibihe bigira ingaruka ku miterere yubutaka ni imvura igwa neza (ni ukuvuga imvura igabanutse ukuyemo evapotranspiration ) hamwe nubushyuhe, byombi bigira ingaruka ku bipimo byimikorere yimiti, umubiri, nibinyabuzima. Ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe byombi bigira ingaruka ku binyabuzima byubutaka binyuze mu ngaruka zabyo ku buringanire hagati y’umusaruro w’ibanze no kubora : ikirere gikonje cyangwa cyumye ikirere karubone nkeya yo mu kirere iba nkibintu kama mu gihe ibinyabuzima bito byangirika.
Ikirere nicyo kintu cyiganje mu miterere yubutaka, kandi ubutaka bwerekana ibimenyetso biranga uturere tw’ibihe barimo, hamwe n’ibitekerezo ku bijyanye n’ikirere binyuze mu kohereza karubone ibitse mu butaka busubira mu kirere. Niba ubushyuhe bushyushye hamwe namazi menshi biboneka mumwirondoro icyarimwe, inzira yikirere, kumera, no gukura kwibihingwa bizagerwaho cyane. Ukurikije uko ikirere cyifashe mu kirere, ikirere gishyuha gikura ku biti. Ibinyuranyo, ibyatsi nibyo byiganjemo ibimera kavukire mu turere twa subhumid na semiarid, mugihe ibihuru hamwe nubushakashatsi bwubwoko butandukanye byiganje ahantu humye.
Bearded vulture
BEARDED VULTURE ni inyoni nini cyane ihiga kandi ni umwe mu bagize ubwoko bwa Gypaetus. Ubusanzwe bifatwa nkigisimba cyisi ya Kera, mubyukuri kigizwe numurongo muto muto wa Accipitridae hamwe nigisimba cyo muri Egiputa ( Neophron percnopterus ), mwene wabo wa hafi. Ntabwo ifitanye isano rya bugufi n’ibisimba byo mu Isi Kera bikwiriye kuruta, urugero, inyoni, kandi itandukanye niyambere nijosi ryayo. Nubwo bidasa, ibisiga byo mu Misiri n'ubwanwa buri kimwe gifite umurizo umeze nka lozenge - kidasanzwe mu nyoni zihiga. Irazwi cyane nka Homa, inyoni yimana mumigani ya Irani.
Ikiyaga cya Edward
thumb|Ikyaga cya eduard Ikiyaga cya Edward cyangwa Rweru ni kimwe mu bi yaga bito byo muri Afurika. Giherereye muri Alubertine, mu burengerazuba muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba, ku mupaka uhuza Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo na Uganda, ku nkombe y’amajyaruguru mu birometero  ugana mu majyepfo ya ekwateri.
UMUBAGABAGA
thumb|Umubagabaga UMUBAGABAGA ni igiti kivura kandi kigafasha cyane mu muco nyarwanda
Umutwe ubabara :
uvuguta amababi 3-4 y’umucyuro= umubagabaga, ukayashyira ku mazuru ugakurura umwuka. Igihe utari wakira wakomeza kuwukoresha.
Ikiyaga cya Edward
Amateka
Mu 1973, Uganda na Zayire bahinduye ikiyaga cya Idi yamini nyuma y'umunyagitugu wa Uganda Idi Amini. Nyuma yo guhirika mu 1979, yagaruye izina ryayo ryahoze.
UMUBAGABAGA
Umutima ubyimba (cardiomegaly):
thumb|Umubugabuga umukamato w’amababiy’umucyuro (umubagabaga) uyateke muri litiro y’amazi, ujye unywa ikirahure 1 mu gitondo, 1 kumanywa, 1 nimugoroba buri munsi, ibyumweru 2.
Ikiyaga cya Edward
Amateka
Muri 2014, ikiyaga cyari intandaro y’amakimbirane ya peteroli. Umuryango mpuzamahanga wa SOCO winjiye mu nyubako ya Parike y'igihugu ya Virunga aho ikiyaga giherereye gushakisha peteroli. Icyakora, abaturage n'abakozi bagerageje kubuza uruganda rwa peteroli kwinjira muri ako gace barakubiswe ndetse barashimuswe abandi baricwa urubozo. Hafashwe ingamba zo kongera kugabanya imipaka y’imbibi za Virunga no gukuramo ikiyaga. Ariko, kubera ko Parike ari umurage wisi kandi ikiyaga kiri muriyo gahunda zisanzwe zinyuranyije n’amasezerano y’umurage w’isi.
Ubumenyi bw'isi
right|thumb| Inzuzi n'ibiyaga bya Uganda.
Gutura
thumb| Ikiyaga cya Edward kuva Mweya muri Parike y'igihugu ya Mwamikazi Elizabeth
UMUBAGABAGA
Indwara y’uruhu (mycoses):
usekura umukamato w’amababi n’umukamato w’ibishishwa by’igiti cy’umucyuro, byanoga
ukabivanga n’amavuta y’amagaja ukisiga aharwaye ku ruhu.
Ikiyaga cya Edward
2018 mu Ikiyaga
Raporo ya mbere yakozwe n'abayobozi baho bo muri Kongo ivuga ko barindwi baguye muri iyo mirwano, ariko, ibyo ntibyashyigikiwe na guverinoma y'igihugu. Ku ya 9 Nyakanga, umuyobozi wa Kivu y'Amajyaruguru Muhindo Kyakwa yatangaje ko abarobyi cumi na babiri bo muri Kongo baguye muri iyo mirwano.
UMUBAGABAGA
Uburibwe bukabije (les douleurs intenses):
usekura umukamato w’amababi mashyashya ukayavanga n’amazi amaze kubira litiro 1. thumb|Ubuga Ukanywa ibirahure 2 icyarimwe nimugoroba. Ingaruka zidakenewe ziterwa n’uyu muti ni impiswi, nyuma yaho usinzira neza.
Ikiyaga cya Edward
Reba
Ikiciro:Ibiyaga
UMUBAGABAGA
Amashakiro
Ikiciro:Ibidukikije Ikiciro:Ibiti Ikiciro:Imbuto Ikiciro:Ibimera
Umwuzure w'umugezi w'Umuhondo mu wa 1887
Umwuzure w’umugezi w’Umuhondo mu mwaka wa 1887 muri Qing China watangiye muri Nzeri 1887 uhitana byibuze abantu 930,000. Niwo mwuzure umwe wahitanye abantu benshi mu Ubushinwa, bituma uba umwe mu biza byibasiye abantu benshi mu Ubushinwa.
Amateka
Mu binyejana byinshi, abahinzi batuye hafi y'umugezi w'Umuhondo bari barubatse inkuta zitangira amazi yo mu migezi, uko igihe cyagiye kiza amazi yakomeje kujya hejuru kuri rwa rukuta, mu buryo bwo kwirinda umwuzure, bagombaga gushyira imyanda yabo ku ruzi. Mu 1887, umugezi wariyongereye, ugenda ukura kubera imvura yarimaze iminsi igwa kandi ikabije, nuko ruhita rwangiza inkombe ahagana ku ya 28 Nzeri, rutera umwuzure mwinshi. Kubera ko nta shyirahamwe mpuzamahanga ripima imbaraga z’umwuzure ubusanzwe rishyirwa mu byiciro by’ibyangiritse, ubujyakuzimu bw’amazi, n’umubare w’abapfuye.
Samuel Moutoussamy
thumb|Samuel Moutoussamy Samuel Moutoussamy, (yavutse Ku ya 12 Kanama 1996 i Paris) ni umukinnyi ukina ari mpuzamahanga w'umupira w'amaguru ukomoka muri congo ukina nku mukinnyi wo hagati mu ikipe ya FC Nantes.
Umuryango ubungabunga ibidukikije muri Falkland
thumb|Ibendera ry'ibirwa bya Falklands umuryango ubungabunga ibidukikije muri Falklands ni umuryango w’abagiraneza washinzwe ufite intego zo kurinda inyamaswa n’ibidukikije kamere y’ibirwa bya Falkland mu nyanja ya Atalantika y'Amajyepfo. Irashaka kubungabunga no gukora ubushakashatsi bwa siyanse mu binyabuzima byo mu birwa bya Falkland no gutangaza ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi kugira ngo bimenyeshe abaturage mu rwego rwo kubungabunga ibidukikije. Barashaka kandi kubungabunga umurage w'izinga rya Falkland no gukora ibindi bikorwa by'urukundo.
Samuel Moutoussamy
Ubuzima
Kuva muri Guadeloupe binyuze kuri se, Samuel Moutoussamy na we afite inkomoko i kongo binyuze kuri nyina.
Umuryango ubungabunga ibidukikije muri Falkland
Amateka
Inkomoko y'uyu muryango yatangiriye mu 1979 igihe itsinda ry’ibidukikije, harimo na Peter Scott, ryashinze umuryango w’abagiraneza wanditswe mu Bwongereza, Falkland Islands Foundation (FIF), kugira ngo urinde inyamaswa zo mu bwoko bwa Falkland n’ubwato bw’amateka. Mu 1980, urundi rwego, Falkland Islands Trust (FIT) rwashinzwe mu birwa.
Samuel Moutoussamy
Ubuzima
Afite imyaka 8, yabanje gutekereza gukora siporo. Yashakaga kandi kwitoza jido kugirango yige kwirwanaho.
Intangiriro
Mu 2003, yatangiye umupira w'amaguru muri ikipe ya AS Meudon. Muri 2009, yinjiye muri INF Clairefontaine, imyaka ibiri mbere yo gutozwa. Muri shampiyona yo muri 2011-2012, Samuel Moutoussamy yageze i Lyon. Kuva muri shampiyona  ya mbere, yagiye agaragara inshuro nyinshi hamwe na B bakina mu cyiciro cya kane.
Umuryango ubungabunga ibidukikije muri Falkland
Amateka
Mu mwaka w'1982, nyuma y'intambara ya Falkland, FIF yabaye umuryango ushingiye ku banyamuryango. Ihuriro rya FIT na FIF mu 1991, ryatangijwe ku mugaragaro ku ya 1 Kanama na David Attenborough mu rwego rwo kubungabunga Falkland.
Samuel Moutoussamy
FC Nantes
Yarekuwe na Olympique Lyonnais, yinjiye muri FC Nantes muri 2016, ubwo yakinaga n'ikipe yabigenewe. Umwanditsi w ibihe bibiri byiza, cyane yatsinze ibitego bitanu, yinjiye mu makipe ya mbere muri 2017. Yajugunywe na Claudio Ranieri mu mukino wo kwishyushya mu Budage na Ingolstadt. Yakinnye umukino we wambere ku mugaragaro Ku ya 12 Kanama 2017 na Marseille kuri La Beaujoire, maze atsinda igitego  cya mbere nku munyamwuga n'ikipe imwe  Ku ya 28 Mata 2019 kuri Velodrome. .
Ku ya 16 Nyakanga 2019, Samuel Moutoussamy yongereye amasezerano indi myaka ibiri na Canaries, amuhuza n'ikipe ya Nantes kugeza muri 2024.
Umuryango ubungabunga ibidukikije muri Falkland
Amateka
uyu muryango ufite ubufatanye na BirdLife International, ihagarariye ibirwa bya Falkland, ndetse n’umunyamuryango w’umuryango mpuzamahanga uharanira kubungabunga ibidukikije.
Freedom wfc
Freedom wfc (Freedom Women Football Club) yashinzwe mu 2013, ikinira ku kibuga cya Nemba, mu Murenge wa Nemba  mu karere ka Gakenke, ni ikipe y’umupira wa maguru wa babigize umwuga. Ni ikipe igaragaramo abagore n’abakobwa mugukina shampiyona y’igihugu I tegurwa na FERWAFA, Ishyirahamwe ry’umupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda ndetse n’igikombe cy’amahoro cy’igihugu. Freedom wfc ikina mu shampiyona y’icyiciro cya mbere cyu mu mupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda mu bagore.
Igiti cya ELayo
thumb|Igiti cya Elayo|204x204px thumb|Imbuto zivamo amavuta ya elayo Igiti cya Elayo nicyo kivaho amavuta ya Elayo ari mu byiciro bigera kuri 5 hakurikijwe uburyo atunganywamo: thumb|Amavuta ya elayo|263x263px
Freedom wfc
Amashakiro
Ikiciro:Siporo Ikiciro:Ikipe ya bagore
Igiti cya ELayo
1. Extra Virgin Olive oil (Huile d'Olive Extra vierge)
Ubu nibwo bwoko bw'amavuta ya elayo bwa mbere bwiza. Buboneka imbuto nziza z'indobanure zitamaze igihe zisaruwe zibyazwamo amavuta hifashishijwe ubukonje (cold pressing method) kugira ngo hirindwe ko ubushyuhe byatuma hatakara ubuziranenge bw'umwimerere. Aya mavuta aba afite *acidity* iri hasi cyane (kenshi ni 1%). Afatwa nk'aya mbere kuko agumana impumuro n'uburyohe by'umwimerere kandi akaba nta bushyuhe cyangwa ibinyabutabire byifashishwa mu kuboneka kwayo .Aya niyo mavuta akunda kwifashishwa mu kurengera ubuzima kimwe no mu buvuzi. Aya yo wanayanywa utagize ikindi uyongeramo kubera ko aba afite ubuziranenge bwose.Aya kandi niyo agenewe kuribwa ari mabisi, gushyirwa ku byo kurya bihiye no gushyirwa kuri salades.
2. Virgin Olive oil (Huile d'Olive Vierge)
Aya mavuta niyo yo ku rwego rwa kabiri kuko aboneka nayo hifshishijwe ubukonje. Nta binyabutabīre cyangwa ubushyuhe byifashishwa mu kuyatunganya. Icyo atandukaniyeho n'aya mbere ni uko imbuto kurwamo ziba zarobanuwe ari izo ku rwego rwa kabiri mu bwiza n'ubuziranenge.Aba afite acidity iri hagati ya 1-4%). Aya mavuta ashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe ariko butari bwinshi niyo mpamvu ibya mbere agenewe ari ugutekeshwa ibyo kurya bidatekwa ku bushyuhe bwinshi, mu kotsa imigati, guteka ifiriti,  gusa no muri salade naho ajya akoreshwa nubwo atahagira umumaro cyane nk'aya mbere.
4. Pure Olive oil (Huile d'Olive Pur)
Nubwo izina ryayo risa n'irivuga ko ari amavuta meza atavangiye, siko bimeze na gato! Impamvu ni uko nyuma yo gukoresha uburyo bw'ubushyuhe n'ibinyabutabire, ayabonetse atameze neza nk'uko babitekerezaga niyo afatwa akavangwa na make mu meza ya mbere cyangwa aya kabiri kugira ngo agerageze kuboneka nk'ameza. Utwo twongewemo tugira icyo tuyamarira mu kongeramo vitamin E. Aya mavuta yifashishwa mu guteka, gukorera umubiri massage ndetse no gukora amavuta yo kwisiga yo mu bimera.
5. Olive Pomace Oil.
Mbere yo kuvuga kuri ubu bwoko bwa gatanu, ndagira ngo mujye mureba ku macupa menshi y'ayo mugura muzasanga ari aya, aya mavuta yo aboneka akuwe mu mbuto z'ibijonjorwa mu zindi zose ndetse n'ibikatsi byasigaye bakamura ayo muri buriya bwoko bwose bwa mbere (Imbuto z'ibijonjorwa n'ibikatsi). Ibi birafatwa bigakamuzwa ubushyuhe bwinshi, hagashyirwamo n'ibinyabutabire kugira ngo habonekemo amavuta. Hari ubwo naho bongeramo uduke twiza ngo tuyahe impumuro tuyongerere n'ububasha. aya niyo aba ahendutse ku masoko bitewe n'uburyo aboneka. aya mavuta yifashishwa mu gusukūra ibintu (nko gusīga intebe, utubati), si meza ku buryo yaribwa gusa rimwe na rimwe ajya akoreshwa mu guteka ibikenera ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Amashakiro
Ikiciro:Ibidukikije Ikiciro:Ibiti Ikiciro:Ibiribwa
FAWE
Forum for African Women Educationalists( FAWE ) n’umuryango utegamiye kuri Leta w’Africa utegamiye kuri Leta washinzwe mu 1992 na minisitiri w’abagore batanu bashinzwe uburezi hagamijwe guteza imbere uburezi bw’abakobwa n’abagore muri Afurika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara bareba ko bafite amashuri kandi barashobora kurangiza amashuri yabo no kuzuza ubushobozi bwabo, bijyanye nuburezi bwa UNESCO kubantu bose. Abagize uyu muryango barimo abaminisitiri b’uburezi, abayobozi bungirije ba kaminuza, abafata ibyemezo by’uburezi, abashakashatsi, inzobere mu buringanire n’abaharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu.
Amateka
Mu 1992, Ihuriro ry’Abanyafurika bashinzwe uburezi mu bagore ryashinzwe na minisitiri w’uburezi w’abategarugori batanu : Vida Yeboah muri Gana, Fay Chung (in) muri Zimbabwe, Simone Testa muri Seychelles, Paulette Moussavon-Missambo muri Gabon na Alice Tiendrebengo muri Burkinafaso.
Umuryango
Fawe ifite ubunyamabanga bwayo i Nairobi. Kugeza ubu ifite ibice 34 by’igihugu mu bihugu 33, birimo Benin, Gabon, Gambiya, Gana, Gineya, Liberiya, Nijeriya, u Rwanda, Senegali, Siyera Lewone, Uganda na Togo, n'ibindi.
Nibiro by’abafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga kuri gahunda ya Fondasiyo ya Fondasiyo ya Ford Foundation n’umuryango w’abafatanyabikorwa w’ishyirahamwe nyafurika ry’abagore bashinzwe ubushakashatsi n’iterambere.
References
Ikiciro:Uburezi
Rupee muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba
Ifaranga rya rupee ryari ifaranga ry’abakoloni b’Uburasirazuba bw’Ubwongereza hamwe n’uburinzi hagati yo muri 1906 no muri 1920. Yagabanijwemo amafaranga 100.
Ifaranga ryasimbuye amafaranga yu Buhinde, yari yarazengurutse mbere. Muri 1920, ifaranga ryongeye kuvugururwa kurwanya siterilingi kugeza ku gipimo cy'ifaranga 1 = amashiringi 2 (folorine 1). Muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba, ibyo byakurikijwe muri uwo mwaka no gusimbuza ifaranga na folorine amafaranga yo muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba ku buryo bungana hanyuma muri 1921 na Amashiringi yo muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba ku mashiringi 2 kuri folorine cyangwa amafaranga.
Ifaranga rirazwi cyane gushiramo igiceri cya mbere cya aluminiyumy ku isi, igiceri cyo muri 1907 ku giceri 1.
Ibiceri
thumb| Igiceri 1 ku ijana kuva 1913, igikombe-nikel Ibiceri bya feza byatangijwe ku mafaranga ya 25 na 50 mu mwaka wo muri 1906, bikurikirwa na aluminiyumu 1 na cupro-nikel ibiceri bigera 10 muri 1907, aluminiyumu Igiceri  muri 1908 na cupro-nikel igiceri 5 muri 1913. Cupro-nikel yasimbuye aluminiyumu muri 1909.
Inoti
Muri 1906, inoti (iya mbere yo muri 1905) yatangijwe na guverinoma ishinzwe kurinda Afurika y'Iburasirazuba mu nka 5, 10, 20, 40, 100 na 500. Muri 1920, Ikigo cy’ifaranga ry’iburasirazuba bwa Afurika cyasohoye inoti 1 mbere gato yuko ifaranga risimburwa.
Reba
Ikiciro:Afurika y'iburasirazuba Ikiciro:Amafaranga
Zirignon Jean-Olivier
Jean-Olivier Zirignon (wavutse ku ya 27 Mata 1971) ni umukinnyi wa siporo wo muri i Abidjan Kote Divuwari kabuhariwe muri metero 100. Yarangije ku mwanya wa karindwi muri metero 4 x 100 mu marushanwa ya Shampiyona y'isi yo mu 1993, ari kumwe na bagenzi be Ouattara Lagazane, Frank Waota na Ibrahim Meité.
Ku rwego rwe, Zirignon yatsindiye umudari wa feza muri Shampiyona nyafurika yo mu 1993 ndetse n’umudari wa zahabu muri Jeux de la Francophonie yo mu 1997, uwanyuma mu gihe cyiza cy’amasegonda 10.07. Nu mudali w'igihugu.
Amashakiro
Ikiciro:Umukinnyi w'iruka na maguru
Francis Dodoo
Francis Dodoo (wavutse ku ya 13 Mata 1960) ni umukinnyi wa bigize umwuga ukomoka mu gihugu cya Gana wasezeye mu marushanwa yo kwiruka muri marato no gusimbuka inshuro eshatu. Yatsindiye umudari wa zahabu mu mikino yo muri Afurika yo mu 1987 nu mudari wa feza muri Shampiyona ny'afurika yo mu 1992, kandi yatsinze mu mikino Olempike aza ku mwanya wa 17 kuva mu 1988.
Francis Dodoo ubu ni umuhanga mu byi mibereho ya bantu muri kaminuza ya Penisilivaniya.
Ihuza ryo hanze
Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Gana
Lappet faced volture
Lappet faced volture ( Torgos tracheliotos ) ni inyoni yo mu Isi ya Kera ijyanye na gahunda y’inyoni Accipitriformes, ikubiyemo na kagoma, inyenzi, ibisimba n'ibisiga. Numunyamuryango wenyine wubwoko bwa Torgos. Ntabwo ifitanye isano rya bugufi n’ibisimba bishya byisi bisa, kandi ntibisangiye kumva impumuro nziza ya bamwe mubagize iryo tsinda.
Ikiyaga cya Bunyonyi
Ubumenyi bw'isi
left|thumb| Umunsi w'isoko ku kiyaga cya Bunyonyi Ikiyaga cya Bunyonyi ni umubiri w'amazi mu Karere ka Kabale na 7 na kilometero zigera kuri 4.3 iburengerazuba bwumujyi wa Kabale. Nicyo kinini kandi kinini mu biyaga bitatu bito ( ni ikiyaga cya Mutanda n'ikiyaga cya Mulehe ) mu misozi ya Kigizi igize ikibaya cya Nili.
Lappet faced volture
Igisimba cyarebaga lappet cyahoze gifatwa nka monotypical, ariko ubu gitandukanijwe mubice bibiri. Ubwoko bwatoranijwe butuye muri Afrika. Ubwoko buto T. t. negevensis, itandukanye cyane mubigaragara n'ibisiga byo muri Afurika (nkuko byasobanuwe haruguru) byanduye mu gice cy'Abarabu.