cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Añɔsɩtisiizim (agnosticisme)
Maɣzɩm tɔmbiye kʊpɔzɩyɛ kɛ ɛyʊ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ pɩlɩɩna Ɛsɔ yɔɔ. Pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se ɛyʊ maɣzɩɣ su we Ɛsɔ yɔɔ. Ɛyʊ maɣzɩɣ se Ɛsɔ wɛɛ yaa Ɛsɔ fɛyɩ. Ɛyʊ maɣzɩɣ se ɛsɔnaa cikpema, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se agɔlɩma wɛɛ yaa afɛyɩ. Maɣzɩm mbʊ pʊ-ñʊʊ payaɣ se añɔsɩtisiizim (agnosticisme). Ɛyaa mba pɛwɛna pɩ-tɛ maɣzɩm mbʊ yɔ, payaɣ-wɛ se Añɔsɩtiki waa (agnostiques).
Ɛyaa nabɛyɛ wɛɛ, paba ñɔtɔŋ se Ɛsɔ fɛyɩ, agɔlɩma fɛyɩ ɖɔɖɔ. Ɛyaa mba payaɣ se Aatee waa. Mbʊ payaɣna fransɩɩ kʊnʊŋ taa se agnosticisme yɔ, pʊwɛ ndɩ nɛ mbʊ payaɣ se «athéisme» yɔ. Ɛyaa nabɛyɛ ñɛwɛɛ nɛ papʊtʊʊ pɩtɩŋɛ pɩ-taa. Pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se paatisiɣ siŋŋ se Ɛsɔ wɛɛ yaa agɔlɩma wɛɛ. Payaɣ ɛyaa mba se pʊtʊyaa (sceptiques). Paba tɛ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ ñʊʊ payaɣna fransɩɩ kʊnʊŋ taa se «scepticisme». Añosɩtiki waa (Agnostiques) tɔŋ se nabʊyʊ fɛyɩ nɛ pʊwɩlɩɣ siŋŋ se Ɛsɔ wɛɛ yaa agɔlɩma wɛɛ. Pɔyɔɔdʊʊ ɖɔɖɔ se nɔɔyʊ ɛɛpɩzɩɣ ɛtɩlɩ nɛ toovenum siŋŋ se Ɛsɔ wɛɛ yaa se agɔlɩma wɛɛ.
Añɔsɩtiki waa eetisiɣ se lɛɣtʊ natʊyʊ yaa lɔŋ nɩɩyɛ wɛɛ nɛ ɛcɛzɩ ɛyʊ. Pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se paatisiɣ se nabʊyʊ wɛ ɛsɔdaa nɛ pɩkɩlɩ ɛyʊ lɛɣtʊ. Patakpaɣ ɛyaa mba payaɣ se lɔɔyɩsɩ tɩnaa yaa nayaa yɔ nɛ payaa se pʊyʊ. Paatisiɣ ɖɔɖɔ se Ɛsɔ ta nɔɔyʊ num nɛ ɛkɛ ɛ-tɛ Mɛsiyaa. Paatisiɣ ɖɔɖɔ se takayɩsɩ nasɩyɛ wɛɛ nɛ sɩkɛ Takayɩsɩ kiɖeɖesi. Toovenum lɛ, takayɩsɩ nasɩyɛ wɛɛ nɛ payaɣ-sɩ se Takayɩsɩ Kiɖeɖesi. Pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se ɛyʊ tama-sɩ nɛ ɛ-lɩmaɣzɩyɛ, ɛlɛ, ɛma-sɩ pɩlɩɩna Ɛsɔ sɔɔlɩm taa. Ɛsɔ heyina tɔm ndʊ pama-tʊ yɔ. Patakpaɣ sɔnzɩ ndɩ ndɩ nzɩ palakɩ Ɛsɔ sɛtʊ kpaamɩŋ taa yɔ nɛ payaa se pʊyʊ. Patakpaɣ paɣtʊ ndɩ ndɩ ndʊ paɖʊ Ɛsɔ sɛtʊ kpaamɩŋ taa yɔ ɖɔɖɔ nɛ payaa se pʊyʊ. Añɔsɩtiki waa tɔŋ se ɛyʊ maɣmaɣ lubina Ɛsɔ sɛtʊ aŋgba nɛ ɛ-maɣmaɣ ɛɖʊna paɣtʊ ndɩ ndɩ ndʊ tɩ-yɔɔ pɩpɩzɩɣ pɩtɩŋna nɛ ɛyaa nɩɩna ɖama yaa pala nɔɔ kʊɖʊmaɣ yɔ nɛ yoŋ yaa kɩdɛkɛdɩm lɛɛbʊ ɛtaawɛɛ pɛ-hɛkʊ taa yɔ. Añɔsɩtiki waa yɔɔdʊʊ ɖɔɖɔ se ɛyʊ maɣmaɣ lubina tɔm se ɛsɔdaa koboyaɣ wɛɛ nɛ miŋ wɛɛ.
Gobi kañɩnbʊsaɣ
Goobi kañɩnbʊsaɣ wɛ kpaɣ Siini hayʊ kɩŋ nɛ Mongoli hadɛ kɩŋ pɛhɛkʊ taa. Kawalɩ sɩŋŋŋ. Pɛtɛyɩ Mongoli tam napʊtozo kɔyɔ, Goobi kañɩnbʊsaɣ kpakʊ ɛzɩ hɔɔlɩŋ naalɛ yɔ. Kadaŋga hɔɔlʊ ŋgʊ lɛ, pʊʊ cɔ-kʊ kpɛɛɛ nɛ pɩta. Ɖinaɣ Altaï pʊʊ, Mongoli piyasi nzɩ sɩ yɔɔ nɛ ñɩtʊ kpɛmmm yɔ, Tibetain pʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩ-ñʊʊ taa walɩ camɩyɛ landammm yɔ pɩnɛ Siini hayʊ kɩŋ kadaŋga. Tʊtʊʊyɛ taa lɛ, Mongoli kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, Gobi tɔbʊ se hɔɔlʊ ŋgʊ nɩkaɣ takɩlɩ wɛʊ yɔ. Payaɣ Goobi ŋgʊ ɖɔɖɔ se Tsöl mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ peeɖe wɛ kʊlam ɛzɩ ñanaɣ teŋgʊ yɔ. Gobi kñɩnbusaɣ yɔɔ tɔm wɛ welesiɣ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ ɖooo caanaʊ taa lɛ, peeye ɛyaa tɩŋgaɣna heŋ tɔna nɛ pɛɖɛʊ ajɛya ntɩ ntɩ taa kɛlɛʊ kɛlɛʊ nɛ palakɩ kɩlɛɛzʊ.
Goobi kañɩnbʊsaɣ ɖalaakɩŋ taa wɛ kilomɛtanaa 1600 kpaɣna wsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ hadɛ kɩŋ. Toboyuu taa lɛ pɩmaɣna kilomɛtanaa 800 kpaɣna hayʊ kɩŋ ŋwolo ŋsɩɩna hadɛ kɩŋ. Gobi kañɩnbʊsaɣ wɛ kañɩnbʊsasɩ nzɩ sɩkɩlɩ walʊʊ kedeŋga kpeekpe taa yɔ; mbʊ pʊyɔɔ kɩ-tɛ walanzɩ taa wɛ 1300OOOkm2. Gobi kañɩnbʊsaɣ tɔm nɛ tɩɩndɩ kpem. Lɛɛsɩ taa lɛ; kañɩŋga panaɣ, ɛlɛ kaka taa yɔ kaaŋ kɩlana ɖɔʊ.
Goobi tɛtʊ yɔɔ ñɩm wɛ ntɩ ntɩ. Ɖɩnaɣ kadanzɩ nɛ sɩ-taa ñɩtʊ nɛ wɩlɩŋ pɛwɛɛ yɔ; tɛtʊ ñabɩ nɛ kaaŋ nɛ kañɩŋga. Wɩsɩ ɛɛñakɩ sɩŋŋŋ peeɖe. Pɩnaɣ taa lɛ, wɩsɩ ñakɩ kɩyakɩŋ 250 ɖeke.
Kpankʊɖʊmwaa cakɩ hɔɔlɩŋ nɩyɛ. Pacakɩ aɖaaɖaanaa yɔɔ yaa kpaŋganzɩyɔɔ. Napʊyʊ taa lɛ, lɔɔɖa taa pacakɩ nɛ pɔcɔʊ. Kpankʊɖʊm waa mba pazʊ coka taa. Po-coka ana, pamaɣ yɛ kʊlʊ kʊlʊ. Peeɖe, awayɩ tɛtɛ wondu taa lɛ, ɖɩnaɣ Przewalski kpaŋnʊ, kpou yaa kpemtɔyaɣ.
Ɛyaa paazɩ ɖɔɖɛ peeɖe pɩtɛkɛ sɔnɔ. Pɔɖɔʊ pʊŋ nɛ heŋ. Ɛ-taa lɛ, ɖɩnaɣ «angora». Angora ŋgʊ pɔsɔɔlɩ kɩɖɔʊ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ kɩ-tɔnɛ wɛ ɖeu kamaɣ fɛyɩ.
Leonardo Fibonacci
Palʊla-ɩ Pise tɛtʊ taa, skɩyɛ taa ɛlabʊ e-sukuli yɔ Béjaïa ɛkɩlɩ-kʊ labʊ, tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩwɛ Alzeerii ɛjaɖɛ taa kɛnɛ. Ɛ-caa kaakɛna tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa peeɖe wondu pɛdɩyaa nɔɔ yɔɔ ɖɛyʊ pʊtɔbʊʊ se Pise tɛtʊ taa kɛlɛ mbʊ, nɛ ɛnʊ payaɣ se Guglielmo Bonacci. Mɛlɛnaa ɖɩzɩŋɩyɛ tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa ɖenɖe kaakɛ canaʊ taa taɖɩyɛ siŋ lone nɛ lɔŋ sɩnɖɛ lone yɔ kɛ Fibonacci paɣza ɛ-tɛ lɛɣtʊ sukuli labʊ. E-sukuli kaakɛ koŋ Al-Khwarizmi ñʊŋ lɛɛzʊʊ kalɩtʊ kpɛlɛkʊʊ. Ɛwoba ɖɔɖɔ Egipiti nɛ Siiri nɛ Sisiili nɛ Provence pɩtɩŋna ɛ-caa yɔ mbʊ lɛ, nɛ ɛkatɩ lɛɣtʊ tɩna sakɩyɛ mbʊ lɛ, Fibonacci pɩzɩ ɛkɔna Pise tɛtʊ taa pɩnaɣ 1198 aloɩwaatʊ taa kɛ arabɩ kalɩyasɩ nɛ ñʊŋ lɛɛzʊʊ kalɩtʊ matʊ. Mbʊ pɩwɩla tadɩyɛ fezuu ɛgbadɩyɛ nɛ Itaalii tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ canaʊ taa nɛ lɛɣtʈu tɩlʊʊ nɛ nesi tʊma pɛ-ɛyaa cɔlɔ lɛɣlɛ.
Pɛkɛdʊʊ-ɖʊ se kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 1228 alɩwaatʊ taa mbʊ yɔ patatasɩ sɩm Fibonacci fezuu caɣʊ yɔ tɔm natʊyʊ. Takayaɣ kʊyʊmaɣ nakayɛ taa tɔm yeke kɛdʊʊna ɛ-yɔɔ tɔm. Pɩkɛ takayaɣ ŋga kɔ-tɔm leɖa ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1241 taa, nɛ panaɣ ka-taa liidiye ɛzɩma Pise ɛjaɖɛ taa ɛyaa hɛyaɣ-ɩ pɩnaɣ taa yɔ. Liidiye nɖɩ lɛ, liiri naa nɛɛlɛ nɛ wɩlɩyʊ leonardo Bigollo ɛkɛ ɛyʊ lɔŋ nɛ ɛɖɔkɩ ɛ-tɩ kpam. Pɛhɛyɛ-ɩ liidiye pɩlɩna tʊma sakɩyɛ wena ɛlaba Pise tɛtʊ nɛ Pise ɛyaa a-yɔɔ. Tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa peeɖe Fibonacci sɩba pʊwayɩ.
Kañɩmpusuu tɛtʋ (Désert)
Wezuu caɣʋ caɣ kaɖɛ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ kañɩmpusuu ɛjaɖɛ taa. Mbʋ yɔ, ɛyʋ ɛɛpɩzɩɣ ɛhayɩ kañɩmpusuu ɛjaɖɛ taa. Tɛtʋ fɛyɩ mʋzʋŋ, tɔɔnaɣ nakɛyɩ ɛɛpɩzɩ kala. Tɛʋ ɛɛnɩɣ, tɩŋ ɛɛpɩzɩɣ ɛñɔ, awayɩ kpɩna ɛɛpɩzɩɣ acaɣ ɖɔɖɔ wezuu kañɩmpusuu ɛjaɖɛ taa. Sumaɣ nakɛyɛ ɛɛpɩsɩɣ kacaɣ wezuu kañɩmpusuu ɛjaɖɛ taa. Tɛtɛ ñɩɣyʋʋ nakʋyʋ ɛɛpɩzɩɣ kɩcaɣ wezuu kañɩmpusuu ɛjaɖɛ taa. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se kañɩmpusuu tɛtʋ kɛ kedeŋa yɔɔ cɩnɛ hɔɔlʋʋ ŋgʋ Ɛsɔ wɩla-kʋ kpalʋʋ yɔ, mbʋ pʋyʋ ɛɛpɩzɩɣ pɩcaɣ wezuu tɛtʋ ndʋ tɩ-taa.
Gobi kañɩnbʊsaɣ
Goobi kañɩnbʊsaɣ taa tɛʊ nɩʊ yaa wɩsɩ ñaaʊ wɛ wɛɖɩɣ. Pɩlɩɣ na yolim yaa lʊŋgɩyɛ taa tɔm. Mɩsɩkʋm fenaɣ taa lɛ, wɩsɩ ɖoŋ ɖɛ ɛzɩ 38°c. Saŋayɩŋ fenaɣ taa lɛ, nikaɣ wɛ fɩnɩnɩ. Pɩtɛ alɩwaatʊ taa lɛ, nikaɣ ñɛ -250°c. Keteŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ lɛ, Anntarctique wayɩ lɛ, Gobi taa kɛ nikaɣ kɩlaa. Peeɖe ɖɔɖɔ heelim makɩ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ. Ɖoo taa yaa tɛbɩyɛ tɛɛ mbʊ yɔ, piniidu niidu mbʊ yɔ pɩmakʊna ɛzɩ 32°c yɔ. Fɛɛnɩʊ ŋgʊ payaɣ se Yollin Am yɔ, hasɩ yaɖɛ fenaɣ taa,ɛyʊ pɩzɩɣ ɛna lɩm pɛ. Tʊtʊ wayɩ ɖɩnɩɣ se Gobi kañɩbʊsaɣ wɛɛ kawalɩɣ nɛ kawalɩɣ. Pɩnaɣ taa lɛ kañɩnbʊsaɣ ŋga kasʊ lona wena awɛ p,ucɔlɔ kpɛɛɛ yɔ nɛ pɩpɩzɩɣ pɩtalɩ ɛzɩ 10000km2 yɔ.
Kañɩmpusuu tɛtʋ (Désert)
Kañɩmpusuu ɛjaɖɛ taa, tɩŋ fɛyɩ, ñɩtʋ fɛyɩ, awyɩ kpɩna fɛyɩ, tɛtɛ ñɩɣyʋʋ nakʋyʋ fɛyɩ. Kañɩmpusuu ɛjaɖɛ wɛ ndaakpeɖe ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ palʋlʋʋ ɛyʋ ndaakpeɖe yɔ.
Leonardo Fibonacci
Pɩtɩŋna takayaɣ nakayɛ taa tɔm suzuu yɔɔ lɛ, Fibonacci kɔna Ɛndɩ nɛ Arabɩ matʊ Erɔpʊ ɛjaɖɛ taa. Wɛtʊ ndʊ tɩwɛ ɖoŋ nɛ pɩcaɣ kɛlɛʊ pɩkpaɖɩ Room ñɩndʊ nɛ Fibonacci maɣmaɣ tisi pʊyɔɔ kpem. Pɩtɛ lubitu ndʊ tɩkɔna kaɖɛ ɛyaa mba patatɩlɩɣ akɔnta labʊ nɛ tadɩyɛ tɩnaa yɔ. Pɩnaɣ 1280 taa lɛ, Florɛnsɩ ɖʊ kaʊ koozasi tʊmɩyɛ laɖaa se patatasɩ labɩnaʊ tʊmɩyɛ nɛ arabɩ kalɩyasɩ.
Kañɩmpusuu tɛtʋ (Désert)
Kañɩmpusuu hɔɔlɩŋ nɩɩyɛ wɛɛ nɛ payaɣ hɔɔlɩŋ ɛnʋ se niikaɣ kañɩmpusuu hɔɔlɩŋ. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se, hɔɔlɩŋ ɛnʋ ɛ-taa lɛ, tɛʋ nɩɣ nabʋyʋ nabɩyʋ.
Yee pɛtɛyɩ kedeŋa kpeekpe hɔɔlɩŋ naadozo kɔyɔ, hɔɔlʋʋ kʋɖʋmʋʋ mpilim kɛ kañɩmpusuu tɛtʋ. Kañɩmpusuu hɔɔlɩŋ ɛnʋ ɛ-taa lɛ, hɔɔlɩŋ lɛɛŋ taa, tɛʋ nɩʋ nabʋyʋ nabɩyʋ. Kañɩmpusuu hɔɔlɩŋ taa, hɔɔlɩŋ weyi ɛ-taa tɛʋ nɩɣ nabʋyʋ nabʋyʋ yɔ payaɣ se niikaɣ kañɩmpusuu hɔɔlɩŋ.
Papɩzɩɣ pɛtɛyɩ kañɩmpusuu tɛtʋ hɔɔlɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ. Kañɩmpusuu tɛtʋ ndʋ tɩ-taa tɛʋ nɩɣ nabɩyʋ nabɩyʋ yɔ kɩwɛɛ. Kañɩmpusuu tɛtʋ ndʋ tʋtʋ taa wɛɛ hakuu yɔ, tɩwɛɛ. Kañɩmpusuu tɛtʋ natʋyʋ ñɛwɛɛ lɛ, ɛyaa timna tɩŋ nɛ tɛtʋ ndʋ tɩpɩsɩ kañɩmpusuu ɛjaɖɛ.
Yee mbʋ, ɛyʋ wɛna ɖoŋ se ɛla nɛ kañɩmpusuu tɛtʋ pɩsɩ tɛtʋ kɩbandʋ ndʋ tɩ-ɛyʋ pɩzɩɣ ɛcaɣ wezuu yɔ. Tɩŋ sɔʋ ɖeke koŋ pɩzɩɣna piyele nɛ kañɩmpusuu tɛtʋ pɩsɩ tɛtʋ wezuu ñɩndʋ. Tɩŋ sɔʋ wɛ wazaɣ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ. Tɩŋ yekina nɛ heelim fɛtɩɣ camɩyɛ nɛ ɛyʋ pɩzɩ ɛcaɣ wezuu. Heelim mbʋ pikpeɣlɩɣna mɩndʋ nɛ tʋtʋ taa lakɩ hakuu nɛ piyeki nɛ tɛʋ nɩɣ. Ɖɩsɔ tɩŋ nɛ ɖɩpɩzɩ ɖɩcaɣ wezuu.
Abuuja
Abuuja kɛŋna Naajeeriya ɛjaɖɛ kɩkpɛndɩɣ tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1991. Abuuja wɛ Niger pɔɔ ka-lɩmɖɩkpɛndɩyɛ cɔlɔ nɛ lɛɛka ŋga payaɣ ka-ka se Penuwe yɔ kɔcɔlɔ ɖɔɖɔ.
Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩwɛ Naajeeriya ɛjaɖɛ hɛkʊ taa se paa samaɣ ŋga lɛ pɩmaɣzɩ-kɛ ñɔtɩnaʊ nɛ tʊma sɔsɔna yaa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ. Saŋayɩŋ fenaɣ 12 pɩnaɣ 1991 kɛ Abuuja tɛtʊ pɩsa Naajeeriya tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ nɛ tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ kɩpɩndʊ payawaɣ se Legɔsɩ. Pɩnaɣ 2015 taa pakalɩ Abuuja tɛtʊ taa ɛyaa kpeek̂pe lɛ, patalɩ ɛzɩ ɛyaa 1 568 853 yɔ.
Afʊwanɩ
Afʊwanɩ ŋgʊ pahayʊʊ (Avena sativa L.) nabʊyʊ taa payaɣ-kʊ se Afʊwanɩ byzantine kɛ tɩŋ ŋgʊ pɩnzɩ naalɛ wayɩ lɛ, kʊɖʊʊ pee yɔ, kɩ-tɛ nɛ Avena, tɩŋ weyi ɛɖʊ ñʊŋ yaa lɔtʊ yɔ ɛ-tɛ tɩmʊʊ liɖe taa, nɛ pahayʊʊ-kʊ ɛzɩ mʊlʊm pee tɩŋ yaa kpɩna hatʊ ndʊ pɛsɛtʊʊ nɛ lɛŋ yɔ, kʊɔñɔʊ lɛ, kɩ-tɛ ho wɛ nɛkɛ nɛkɛ nɛ pɩwɛ leleŋ nɛ lakʊ taa kpɩna tɩŋga sɔɔlɩ-yɛ. kɩwɛ mʊlʊm pee tɩŋ weyi ɛkɛ kesi yɔ ɛ-taa nɛ palakɩnɛ-yɛ tʊmɩyɛ kajalaɣ taa kɛ kpɩna tɔɔnaɣ nɔmɔʊ taa (kɔzɩ kɔzɩ kpɩnaa naŋgbanzɩ naanza nzɩ sɩtɛmna cɩkpalʊʊ kʊyʊmʊʊ yɔ).
Afʊwanɩ ŋgʊ payaɣ Avena kɩtaa wɛ ɖɔɖɔ afʊwanɩ ŋgʊ pahayʊʊ yɔ pɔɖɔɔ nɛ pɛwɛ ndɩ ndɩ kɔzɩ kɔzɩ Avena fatua, folle afʊwanɩ adventice haɖaaŋ sɔsɔɔŋ. Afʊwanɩ tɛ hɛtʊ taa wɛ abalɩtʊ nɛ halɩtʊ kpakpa nɛ heelim kpakʊʊ nɛ habalɩtʊ nɛ pawokina halɩtʊ cɔlɔ. Kɩtɛ ñɔʊ taa lɛ, kɩwɛna hayʊʊ ɛgbam kɛ ɖaʊ lɔɔ nakʊyʊ yɔ nɛ kɩ-ɖalakɩŋ maɣna sɛŋtɩmɛta naa 25 ŋtalɩ 150 mbʊ yɔ nɛ kɩyɔɔ pɔŋ wɛ ɖama taa. Kɩhatʊ yɔ fɛyɩ hʊndʊʊ ɛlɛ tɩɖalɩɣ, tɩwɛ ɖɔfɩɩ nɛ tɩwalanzɩ maɣna miliimɛtaa naa 2 ŋtalɩ 10 nɛ tɩcɔlʊʊ ɖama taa kɛ ɖaʊ yɔ.
Afʊwanɩ kɛ tɩŋ kʊdɔm wɛ ɖoŋ yɔ nɛ pʊdamʊna se pɔsɔ-kʊ tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa fɛyɩ mʊzʊŋ yɔ yaa paapɩzɩɣ se paɖʊ peeɖe huɖe yaa anasaayɩ huɖe yɔ. Ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, kɩɩlakɩ ɖenɖe lɩ pɩzɩɣ se pɩwadɩ kʊyɔɔ yɔ yaa ɖenɖe piliki-kʊ yɔ. Paahayʊʊ-kʊ ɖenɖe lɩm wadɩ yɔ nɛ ɖenɖe tɛtʊ kɩlɩ yuŋ nɛ piyeki nɛ piliki-kʊ. Kɩɩlakɩ ɖɔɖɔ ɖenɖe kusoŋtuu wɛ tam yɔ, ɛzɩ ɖenɖe tɩŋ kɩlɩ ɖɔʊ yɔ. Ɖɩcɔna kedeŋga kpeekpe yɔ kɔyɔ ɖinaɣ se afʊwanɩ haɖaʊ pasaa kpaɣ wayɩ wayɩ pɩnzɩ 50. Pʊtʊwaa kpaɣ miiliyɔɔ naa tɔɔnɩ naa 50 pɩnzɩ 1960 alɩwaatʊ taa ŋtalɩ miiliyɔɔ naa tɔɔnɩ naa 20 pɩnaɣ 2010 taa. Afʊwanɩ tatasɩ kɩkɛ kpɩna tɛ tɔɔna kɩpaŋga mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ samɩla nɛ ɔrɩgɩ lɛɛzɩ koloniyedaa.
Awuusa kʊnʊŋ
Awuusa kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pɔyɔɔdʊʊ-kʊ keeke Naajeeriya ɛjaɖɛ taa kɛnɛ. Ɛyaa miiliyɔɔ waa hiŋ naatozo yɔɔdʊʊ-kʊ. Nɩzɛɛrɩ ɛyaa miiliyɔɔ waa 9360000. Kana ɛyaa miiliyɔɔ waa naalɛ. Kotidiivʊwaari ɛyaa 121000. Kameruni ɛyaa 400000. Caadɩ ɛyaa 200000. Suudaŋ ɛyaa 600000. Pɔyɔɔdʊʊ-kʊ ɖɔɖɔ ajɛyɛ tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ ndɩ ndɩ sakɩyɛ wena a-taa palakɩ tadɩyɛ siŋ yɔ. Sɔnɔ, Awuusa kʊnʊŋ pɩsa samaɣ hɛkʊ taa kʊnʊŋ (tadɩyɛ) Afrika Wɩsɩ Ɖɩɖʊyɛ nɛ Afrika Hɛkʊ taa. Awuusa kʊnʊŋ mɩza ajɛya hɔɔlɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ taa, tʊma sakɩyɛ anaasayɩ ɖʊ ɛ-tɛ ñɩɩtʊ nɛ tɩyekɩ nɛ ɛyʊ nɩɣ ɖoo polɩŋ taa ajɛyɛ lɛɛna yɔ tɔm.
Awuusa kʊnʊŋ kɛ Naajeeriya nɛ Hayi kɩŋ tɛ kewiyaɣ kʊnʊŋ nɛ kɩ-kɛ [Nizɛɛrɩ (Niger)|Nizɛɛrɩ]] ɛjaɖɛ tɛ kʊnʊŋ. Kʊnʊŋ kɩmamaʊ lɩna kano yɔɔdɔɣ cɔlɔ. Pama Awuusa kʊnʊŋ ɖooo pɩtalɩ pɩnzɩ mɩnɩŋ naalɛ, kɔɔnaɣ taa lɛ, pama-kʊ nɛ Arabɩ tɛ maʊ kpata tɛ masɩ, nɛ sakɩyɛ taa lɛ, Latɛnɩ maʊ kpata tɛ masɩ, ŋgʊ paɖʊ kpaɣɖʊ nɛɛlɛ ŋgʊ nɔɣ yɔ nɛ abalɩ masɩ naaza kʊsɔzɩsɩ.
Afganistani
Afɩganɩstaanɩ ɛjaɖɛ kɛ Malɩŋ ɛjaɖɛ nɛ ɖɩwɛ Aazii nɛ hɛkʋ nɛ hɛkʋ taa. Afɩganɩstaanɩ ɛjaɖɛ fɛyɩ teŋu nɔɔyɔɔ nɛ ajɛya anɛ acɔna-ɖɩ nɛ ataa kpɛɛ: Pakɩstaaŋ, Siini, Tadjikistaŋ, Tuurikimenistaŋ, Uzibeekistaŋ, Iraŋ.
Ɛjaɖɛ ŋɖɩ ɖɩwɛ Aasii hɛkʊ nɛ hɛkʊ nɛ ajɛya sakɩyɛ tɩŋʊʊ na ɖɩ-hɛkʊ taa. Ɖoo lɔŋda lɛ, ajɛya wena aasɔɔlaa se ala tadɩyɛ nɛ awolo India ɛjaɖɛ taa yɔ, anɔsɩ yɔɔ ɖɛya tɩŋaɣna. Pa-taa nabayɛ kɔyɔ: Cyrus Sɔsɔ, Alexandre Sɔsɔ, Gengis Khan, nɛ Bâbur.
Biritaanikimba nɛ Afɩganɩstaanɩ waa pɛ-tɛ you naalɛ ñɩŋgʊ wayɩ lɛ, Biritaanikimba ɖaŋɩ Afɩganɩstaanɩ mba se pataaɖʊkɩna akeɣta naayɛ yɔɔ, ɛlɛ poɖuu kpem se paaɖʊʊ pɔnɔɔ kɛ hɔɔlɩŋ weyi pɩkazaa yɔ ɛ-taa. Pɩkpaɣna pɩnaɣ 1879 mbʊ yɔ, Afɩganɩstaanɩ pɩsa ɛjaɖɛ pilim nɛ kɩwɛɛ kɩ-tɩ yɔɔ kpaagbaa wɛʊ pɩnaɣ 1919 ŋga taa.
Pɩnaɣ 1919 taa lɛ, you tozo ñɩŋʊ nakʊyʊ tasɩ lɩʊ kɛ Afɩganɩstaanɩ nɛ Biritaanikimba pɛhɛkʊ taa nɛ Afɩganɩstaanɩ sɔɔjana wa po-kooyindinaa Rawalipindii nɛ pɩha wɛɛ lɛɛlɛyɔɔ waɖɛ nɛ palʊkɩ pa-yɩm yɔɔ kɛ ajɛya lɛɛna taa. Pɛ-tɛ abalɩtʊ ndʊ tɩyebina nɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ pɩwa-ɖɩ waɖɛ nɛ ɖɩsʊʊ ajɛya kpeekpe ŋgbɛyɛ kɩkpɛndɩɣ ŋgbɛyɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ se Société des Nations yɔ ɖɩ-taa kɛ pɩnaɣ 1921 taa. Pɩkɔma pɩnaɣ 1979 taa lɛ, ɖama nɩnaʊ nɛ taabalɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖiwɛ URSS nɛ Afɩganɩstaanɩ yɔ ɖɩ-yɔɔ lɛ, Sooviyeetiki sɔɔjanaa wolo nɛ pasɩna hɔɔlʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩwɛ kewiyaɣ yɔɔ yɔ yonaʊ kɛ mba palɩɣna keewiyaɣ hayɩ yɔ.
Kpaagbaa mbʊ lɛ, Etaazuunii ñetiina pɔ-sɔɔjana nɛ peyele poyoona Sooviyetiki mba kɛ pɩnaɣ 1989 taa. Pɩla mbʊ lɛ, 1996 pɩnaɣ taa lɛ, Malɩŋ komina ŋgʊ payaɣ se Taliibaŋ yɔ, kɩmʊ kewiyaɣ nɛ pɩtatɩɩ leeɖiɣu lɛ, pɩnzɩ kagbanzɩ wayɩ lɛ, ajaya kpeekpe kɩkpɛndɩɣ ŋgbɛyɛ ɖɔnɩ-wɛ keewiyaɣ yɔɔ.
Kedeŋa kpeekpe tɔm hʋʋ kʋjɔŋ
Kedeŋa kpeekpe wɛna tɔm hʋʋ kʋjɔŋ sɔsɔʋ nakʋyʋ. Tɔm hʋʋ kʋjɔŋ sɔsɔʋ ŋgʋ, kʋ-tʋmɩyɛ kɔyɔ se, kʋyʋʋ ɛyaa mba pakʋʋ ɛyaa sakɩyɛ ɛzɩ kelima kɩsɩkʋ yɔ nɛ mba pɔkɔŋna kedeŋa kigiluu yɔ nɛ mba pañazɩɣ lɛlaa nɛ ahola nɛ kɩmakʋ nɛ mba potuluu yoŋ kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ yɔ, pɔ-tɔm.
Afganistani
Pɩkpaʊ nɛ pɩnaɣ 2001 yɔ, Afɩganɩstaanɩ ɛjaɖɛ pɩsa « Malɩŋ ɛjaɖɛ » nɛ ɖɩwɛɛna ɖɩ-ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊdʊ nɛ ɖɩ-kewiyaɣ yɔɔ cɔnɩyʊ.
Kedeŋa kpeekpe tɔm hʋʋ kʋjɔŋ
Kedeŋa kpeekpe tɔm hʋʋ kʋjɔŋ maʋ nʋmɔʋ taa palaba Room tɛtʋ taa kedeŋa kpeekpe kedizaɣ sɔsaɣ nakɛyɛ. Room kɛ Itaalii ɛjaɖɛ tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ. Palaba kedizaɣ ŋ́ga, kpaɣ mɩsɩkʋm fenaɣ kɩyakʋ hiu nɛ kagbaanzɩ (15) nɛ puwolo pɩsɩɩna hasɩyaɖɛ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ hiu nɛ lʋbɛ (17) ñɩŋʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1998 taa.
Fezuu (esprit)
Lɛɣtʊ piliŋa ŋg payaɣ se metafiziki (métaphysique) yɔ nɛ Ɛsɔ sɛtʊ aŋgba taa lɛ, pɔyɔɔdʊʊ se wonuu ŋgʊ kɩfɛyɩna tomnaɣ nɛ kɩwɛɛ ɛyʊ taa yɔ.
Kedeŋa kpeekpe tɔm hʋʋ kʋjɔŋ
Kedizaɣ sɔsaɣ ŋga palaba nɛ pañɩɣ nesi nɛ pɩha waɖɛ nɛ kedeŋa kpeekpe tɔm hʋʋ kʋjɔŋ ŋgʋ kɩñɔ. Ɛlɛ, kʋ-tʋma paɣzɩ ɖeyi ɖeyi hasɩyaɖɛ fenaɣ kajalaɣ kɩyakʋ ñɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 2002 ñɩŋa taa. Ajɛya nɩɩnʋwa nɛ hiu (60) calɩna tisuu nɛ añɩɣ nesi se kedeŋa kpeekpe tɔm hʋʋ kʋjɔŋ ɛwɛɛ nɛ pɩla se patʋlɩ kʋjɔŋ ŋgʋ kɩ-nɔnɔsɩ.
Patʋlɩ kedeŋa kpeekpe tɔm hʋʋ kʋjɔŋ, puwiye ńɖɩ, ɛlɛ, kɩfɛyɩna ɖoŋ se kʋhʋʋ ɛzaɣtʋ ndʋ ɛyaa laba kedeŋa yɔɔ nɛ pɩɖɛɛ yɔ, tɩ-tɔm. Ɛlɛ, kpaɣna puwiye nɖɩ patʋlɩ kɩ-nɔnɔsɩ nɛ pɩɖɛɛna ɛsɩndaa yɔ tɔm kɩpɩzɩɣ kʋhʋʋ.
Kedeŋa kpeekpe tɔm hʋʋ kʋjɔŋ tʋma ñʋʋ wɛ Peyibaa ɛjaɖɛ tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ taa. Peyibaa ɛjaɖɛ tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ payaɣ se La Haye. Ɛlɛ, papɩzɩɣ pahʋʋ sɩm yaa kigiluu sɔsɔʋ nakʋyʋ tɔm paa tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ ndʋ tɩ-taa.
Ajɛya 193 wɛna ONU ŋgbɛyɛ taa. Lakɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ naanza ñɩŋʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 2016 taa ONU ŋgbɛyɛ taa ajɛya 124 tisaa nɛ añɩŋ nesi se kedeŋa kpeekpe tɔm hʋʋ ŋgbɛyɛ ɛwɛɛna ɖoŋ tɩŋa ajɛya kpeekpe yɔɔ. Ɛlɛ, ajɛya naayɛ ñekisaa nɛ atañɩɣ nesi. Ajɛya ana, a-taa naayɛ yɔ : Ruusii nɛ Etaazuunii nɛ Siini nɛ Ɛɛndɩ. Ajɛya ana, a-taa lɛ, Siini nɛ Ɛɛndɩ pakʋyʋʋ kedeŋa kpeekpe tɔm hʋʋ kʋjɔŋ paɣtʋ yɔɔ.
Fezuu (esprit)
Fezɩŋ taa ɖɔɖɔ mbʋ payaɣ se eleu yaa aleewaa yɔ pɩwɛɛnɛ pɩkɛna yatʋ ndʋ tɩfɛyɛ kɛlɛʋ kɛ nɩʋ taa yɔ. Mbʋ pʋyɔɔ yɔ aleewaa kɩbama wɛɛ nɛ kɩtɛkɛɛdaa wɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ. Aleewaa kɩbama kɛlɛ mba paalakɩ ɛzaɣtʋ yaa kɩdɛkɛdɩm yɔ. Aleewaa kɩbama mba pa-taa kɛlɛ ɛgɔlɔmɩyɛ yaa agɔlɔma. Agɔlɔma halɩ ñɩna wɛɛ nɛ abalɩ ñɩna wɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ. Agɔlɔma kɩbana wɛɛ hɔʋ yaa hɔŋ tɛɛ nɛ a-tʋmɩyɛ yaa a-tʋma kɛlɛ se akandɩ ɛyaa yɔɔ. Piyele agɔlɔma lɛɛna wɛ ɖɩsɩ taa. Paa ɛgɔlɔmɩyɛ nɖɩ lɛ nɛ ɖɩ-wazaɣ. Naayɛ wazaɣ kɛlɛ se ala nɛ tɛʋ nɩɩ, lɛɛna lɛ heelim, lʋlʋ, halɩkpaɣyɛ, tɔnʋʋ taa alafɩya, haɖaʋ, ɖɔɖɛ, ñɩm yaa tʋma ndɩ ndɩ.Pɩwɛ mbʋ lɛ, wayɩtʋ yaa wayɩ mba wAɛɛ nɛ mba kandʋna ɛsandɩnaa yɔɔ.
Feziŋ kɩpaŋ wayɩ lɛ, fezɩŋ kɩdɛkɛdɩŋ wɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ. Fezɩŋ kɩɖɛkɛdɩŋ ɩnʋ ɩ-taa kɔyɔ kanaɣ yaa kañasɩ. Kañaɣ yaa kañasɩ kɛna ɛyaa mba pasɩba nɛ paakɛ azaɣ yɔ. Sɩɖa mba pa-kalɩzasɩ ɩɩnaɣ ɖenɖe ssɩcaɣ yɔ pʋ-yɔɔ kɛ sɩyɛlɩɣna yem. Kañasɩ nzɩ, nzɩ kpaɣna ɛyaa kalɩzasɩ nɛ sɩtɔkɩna hama taa. Kañasɩ wayɩ lɛ ñazɩñazɩŋ yaa ñazɩñazʋʋ wɛɛ. Ɛlɛ pɩzɩɣ ɩpɩsɩ kpou yaa ɛzɩ tɛtɛ kpɩnɛ naɖɩyɛ yem yɔ nɛ ɛñazɩɣ ɛyaa. Ɛlɛ ñazɩñazɩŋ ɩnʋ ɛɛpɩzɩɣ nɛ ɩkʋ ɛyʋ nɛ hama taa.
Ban Ki-moon
Ban Ki-Moon kɛ Koore nɛ Hadɛ Kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ taa tʋ. Palʋla-ɩ mɩsɩkʋm fenaɣ kɩyakʋ hiu nɛ naadozo (13) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1944 n̄ɩŋga taa Eumseong tɛtʋ taa.
Ɖajaa Ban Ki-Moon kɛŋna sɔnɔdaa kedeŋa kpeekpe ajɛya kpɛndʋʋ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ se ONU yɔ ɖɩ-takayaɣ taa mayʋ sɔsɔ. Ɖooo ONU ŋgbɛyɛ ñɔʋ yɔ, ɛyaa lʋbɛ tɛmna kɛʋ ɖɩ-takayaɣ taa mayaa. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se Ɖajaa Ban Ki-Moom kɛ ɖɩ-takayaɣ taa mayʋ lutozo ñɩnʋ. Ɖajaa Kofi Annan kɛ ɛlɛɣzaa.
Ɖajaa Ban Ki-Moon nɩɣ kʋnʋmɩŋ sakɩyɛ. Ɛnɩ Fransɩɩ kʋnʋŋ, ɛnɩɩ ɛŋglisi kʋnʋŋ, ɛnɩɩ ɖɔɖɔ caama kʋnʋŋ nɛ pɩtasɩna ɛjaɖɛ taa kʋnʋmɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ. Kɔlaɣ fenaɣ kajalaɣ kɩyakʋ nɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 2007 taa palɩzɩ Ɖajaa Ban Ki-Moon se ɛkɛ ONU ŋgbɛyɛ takayaɣ taa mayʋ sɔsɔ. Ɛlaba pɩnzɩ kagbaanzɩ nɛ pɩtɛ lɛ, paɖaɣnɩ-ɩ lɩzʋʋ se ɛtasɩ ɖiyiɣ ŋgbɛyɛ ńɖɩ pɩnzɩ kagbaanzɩ ɖɔɖɔ. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se ɛyʋ lakɩ pɩnzɩ kagbaanzɩ nɛ ɛtɛ lɛ, pɛlɛɣzɩ-ɩ nɛ palɩzɩ takayaɣ taa mayʋ kɩfalʋ.
Yee mbʋ, Ɖajaa Ban Ki-Moon tʋmɩyɛ labʋ ONU ŋgbɛyɛ taa sʋ paa ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-ɛsɩyɛ. Pʋ-yɔɔ paɖaɣna-ɩ lɩzʋʋ se ɛtasɩ kɛʋ ɖɩ-takayaɣ taa mayʋ nabʋlɛ ɖeɖe.
Mɩsɩkʋm fenaɣ kɩyakʋ naalɛ nɛ kʋɖʋm (21) n̄ɩŋg wiye, pɩnaɣ 2013 taa.
Jeruzalɛm
Jerualɛm yaa Iyerosolɩm kɛna Prɔsɩ Oriyaŋ taa tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ natʋyʋ. Tɛtʋ ndʋ tɩkɛna tɛtʋ ndʋ tɩkɛna ñamtʋ sɔsɔtʋ kɛ Yuɖa mba, Kristʋ mba nɛ Malɩŋ ɖɔɖɔ. Yeruzalɛm tɛtʋ walanzɩ taa maɣna ɛzɩ kilomɛtanaa 200km² yɔ nɛ pɩnaɣ 2015 taa pakalɩ kɩgalʋ lɛ, ɛyaa kpɛnda ɛzɩ 865 700 yɔ. Tɛtʋ ndʋ tɩ-hɛkʋ taa ɖeyi ɖeyi ɖenɖe ɛyaa samaɣ agbeɣla kɩla ɛʋ yɔ, ɛsɔ sɛtʋ aŋbga ndɩ ndɩ wɛ peeɖe, samaɣ ndɩ ndɩ, samaɣ nɛ ɛsɛkuliye nɛ tɔsʋʋ agbela sakɩyɛ wɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ. Tɛtʋ ndʋ tɩ-taa hɔɔlʋ nakʋyʋ payaɣ se hɔɔlʋ kɩpɩnʋ nɛ kookasɩ sakɩyɛ cɔ-kʋ nɛ pɩta. Kookasɩ naasɩlɛ sɔsɔsɩ wɛna nɛ arabi mba kɩlɩna ɖɔʋ nɛ payaɣ-yɛ se krɩstʋ mba kooka yaa malɩŋ ñɩŋga. Hɔɔlʋ nakʋyʋ wɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ nɛ kɩ-taa lɛ aramiya kɩlɩna ɖɔʋ nɛ lɛɛkʋ taa lɛ yuɖa mba ñakɩlɩna ɖɔʋ. Yerusalɛm nɛ ajɛya naayɛ taa tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ natʋyʋ ɖʋ taabalɩyɛ nɛ palakɩ tʋm kʋɖʋma se tɔsʋʋ nɛ ɛsɩnda wobu ɛɖɛɛna poliŋ. Tɛtʋ ndʋ yɔ Niu Yɔrɩkɩ (Etazuni) nɛ Pragɩ (Cɛɛkɩ ɛjaɖɛ).
Jeanne d'Arc
Jeanne d'Arc kɛ Fransɩɩ tʊ, palʊlɩ pɩnaɣ 1412 taa mbɩ yɔ kɛ Domrémy kɛ duché de Bar haɖa taa kɛ Fransɩɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa. Ɛsɩba ɖasɩ ɖɩbɛdɩyɛ evemiye niidozo wiye agoza fenaɣ taa pɩnaɣ 1431 kɛ Rouen kɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ payaɖɩ se Nɔrmandɩɩ yɔ ɖɩ-tɛtʊ susɔ tʊ taa. Pɩwɛ se ɖɩtɩlɩ sɩse Nɔrmandɩɩ wɛʊ mbɩ yɔ, ɖɩkɛ Angletɛrɩ ñɩm. Jeanne d’Arc kɛ halʊʊ sɔdʊʊ kɛ Fransɩɩ kazɩŋga ɖeeɖe tɔm taa kɛ you kewitu hɔlʊ taa nɛ halʊʊ ɛnʊ ɛkɛ ɖɔɖɔ cɩɖɩ cɩɖɩ halʊʊ ɛsɔ sɛʊ ŋgbɛyɛ cejewiye. Ɛnʊ ka-sɛnaɣ hɩɖɛ se 'la Pucelle d’Orléans' kɛ waasɩ hiu loɖo waɣ taa mbɩ yɔ, nɛ ɛɖanɩ sɛʊ se Fransɩɩ Ɛjaɖɛ Ɖoo kɛ waasɩ hiu nɛ nakʊ waɣ mbɩ yɔ.
Ɛ-caa payawaɣ se Jacques d’Arc weyi ɛkɛ kɛ haɖʊ yɔ. E-ɖoo kɛlɛ Isabelle Devouton. Pa-kpɛndaɣ piya kagbanzɩ pa-caa cɔlɔ. Ɖooo kiɖe tɛ pɩgbaʊ nɛ waasɩ hiu nɛ kagbanzɩ waɣ mbɩ yɔ lɛ, pɛlɛ ɛnɛ ɛwɛna pɩnsɩ hiu nɛ lʊbɛ mbɩ yɔ pʊdɔbʊ se ɛwɛ ɛ-pɛlɛtʊ taa. Ɖɩtɔzɩ se kalɩnaɣ haɖaa hɔʊ taa, pʊtʊbʊ se ka-caanaɣ kɛ haɖaa. Ka-yɔdaɣ alʊwatʊ ndʊ tɩtaɣ se Saint Michel, Marguerite nɛ Catherine pahayɩ ɖoŋ nɛ paɖʊyɩ tʊmɩyɛ se oholi Fransɩɩ ɛjaɖɛ you ɖoŋ yɔɔ caɣnaʊ Angletɛrɩ ɛjaɖɛ nesi tɛ. Ɛcɛyɩ ɛ-tɩ nɛ ekpeli yoya nimiye fɛyɩ wa nɛ ewona wɛ nɛ po-yona Angletɛrɩ ɛjaɖɛ. Nɛ paɣpaɣ wa you ŋgʊ,nɛ Orléans kewiyaɣ kpelaɣ kʊɣɩ ɛsɔ taa nɛ powona kewiyaɣ ñʊdʊ Sacre á Reims, nɛ ɛɖʊ nesi ɖɔɖɔ nɛ paɖʊʊ kiliŋgili Pɩnzɩ mɩnʋʋ you. You wayɩ lɛ, Bourguignons waɣ kpayɩ Compiègne kɛ pɩnaɣ 1430 nɛ Jean de Luxembourg pɛdɩnayɩ Anglɩtɛɛrɩ ñɩmaɣ nɛ takayaɣsɩ kudokiŋ hiu. Lɛlɛ yɔ, pʊwɛ se pa-kʊɩ nɛ ɛsɩ. pagbaɣ lɩmaza se pɔ-ñɔtɩ miŋ nɛ ɛsaɣ. Ɛlɛ kɩɖɩsɩtu samaɣ wiyau se paɖanɩ ɛ-tɔm hʊ camɩyɛ pɩcɔ paa-kʊɩ,paɖanɩ hʊ ɛtɔm nɛ pʊwɛ se peyelei.
Adam Smith
Adam Smith kɛ Ekɔsi ɛjaɖɛ taa tʋ. Palʋla-ɩ mɩsɩkʋm fenaɣ taa, kɩyakʋ kagbanzɩ (5) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1723 n̄ɩŋga taa. Ɛ-pɩcatʋ taa ɛwɛ hɛɛɛ nɛ paa ɛzɩmtaa lɛ, ɛwɛ maɣzɩm taa kɛnɛ.
Ɖajaa Adam Smith sɩba hasɩyaɖɛ fenaɣ taa, kɩyakʋ hiu nɛ lʋbɛ (17) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye pɩnaɣ 1790 n̄ɩŋga taa. Kirkcaldy tɛtʋ taa ɛsɩba. Kirkcaldy tɛtʋ kɛ Ekosi ɛjaɖɛ tɛtʋ natʋyʋ. Ɛ-lakasɩ taa fɛyɩ ɛzɩ ɛyʋ weyi ɛtʋʋza yɔ. Ɛlakɩ mɛnfɛyɩ n̄ʋʋ lakasɩna. Toovenum lɛ, ɛ-lakasɩ kɛkɛ kɩbanzɩ siŋŋ, ɛlɛ, sɩkɩla ɖoŋ samaɣ. Mbʋ yebina nɛ samaɣ kpaɣ-ɩ se ɛkɛ kpandʋ.
Ɛ-lɩmaɣza cukaŋ n̄ɩna siŋŋ kɔyɔ se ɛtɩlɩ ɛyʋ. Ɖajaa ɛnɛ, ɛkɛ mbʋ payaɣ size filozɔɔfʋ yɔ siŋŋ. Ɖɩzɩma mbʋ size paa weyi ɛkɛ filozɔɔfʋ, ɛlɛ, ɖajaa Adam Smith lɩmaɣza kɩlɩ yuŋ nɛ atɛ awɛɛ ndɩ kpem nɛ lalaa ñɩna.
Paa ɛzɩmtaa lɛ, ɖajaa Adam Smith wɛ lim lim maɣzɩm taa kɛnɛ. Filozɔɔfʋ kɛ ɛyʋ weyi ɛ-tʋmɩyɛ kɛlɛ size, ɛn̄ɩnɩ ɛyʋ yɔɔ lɩmaɣza yɔ. Ɛkɛ ɛyʋ yɔɔ lɔnzɩnɖɛ tʋmɩyɛ kpɛlɛkɩyʋ yaa ɛyʋ yɔɔ lɔnzɩnɖɛ n̄ɩnʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ laɖʋ yɔ. Ɖajaa Adam Smith kɛ ɖɔɖɔ, tɔsʋʋ kpɛlɛkʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ laɖʋ sɔsɔ siŋŋ nɔɔyʋ.
Ekosi ɛjaɖɛ taa filozɔɔfʋ ɛnɛ, ɛkɛ Ekosi ɛjaɖɛ ńɖɩ ɖɩ-tɛ n̄alɩmɩyɛ. Ekula samaɣ ɛsɛ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ. Ɛwɩla ɛjaɖɛ taa ñɩma lɔnzɩnɖɛ nɛ lɛɣtʋ pa-nʋmɔŋ. Ɖajaa Adam Smith tɔm pama caanaʋ takayaɣ taa size, ɛkɛ ɛyʋ lɔŋ tʋ weyi, pʋmʋnaa size payaɣ size Tɔsʋʋ Lɛɣtʋ kɩfatʋ yaa sɔnɔ n̄ɩndʋ Caa yɔ.
Ɖajaa Adam Smith Ekosi tʋ ɛnɛ, ɛkɛ soliɣa. Ɛ-caa sɩba lɔŋ, ɛtasɩmɩ-ɩ nɛ pʋcɔ ɛlɛ sɩkɩ. Ɛlɩzɩ takayaɣ nakɛyɛ tɔsʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ labʋ nʋmɔʋ taa. Paya ɛ-takayaɣ ŋ́ga se The Wealth of Nations (Pʋtɔbʋʋ se "Ajɛɛ n̄ɩm"). Pɩnaɣ 1776 ñɩŋa taa ɛlɩza-kɛ.
Koliisee
Koliisee kɛna samaɣ kuduyuu sʋsɔʋ aleɣya ɖɩlaɖɛ. Kuduyuu ŋgʋ paya-kʋ se tendema kpaŋ sʋsɔʋ ovoyidi. Kɩwɛna Room ɛjaɖɛ hɛkʋʋ nɛ hɛkʋʋ tɛtʋ taa kiŋ nɛ, Esquilin nɛ Cælius pa-ɛjɛɛ hɛkʋʋ nɛ hɛkʋʋ. Kuduyuu kʋnɛ yɔ, kɩpaɣlɩ siŋŋ ɛzɩma yɔ, wiɖiye patana pana matʋ ndʋ ɖoli. Patana ta mayaa matʋ sʋsɔtʋ ndʋ Room mba tɛ peɖe.
Papaɣza kʋʋ maʋ pɩnaɣ hiŋ lʋbɛ (70) nɛ pɩnaɣ hiŋ lʋbɛ nɛ naalɛ (72) pɛ-hɛkʋʋ taa Yeesu Kɩrɩstʋ lʋlʋʋ wayɩ. Alɩwaatɩ ndʋ tɩ-taa lɛ, ɛjaɖɛ kewiya lone taa caɣyʋʋ wiyau sʋsɔ kaakɛ Vespasien. Nɛ ɛnʋ kaahana nɔɔ nɛ pabaazɩ matʋ sʋsɔtʋ tʋmɩyɛ ɖɩnɛ.
Ɖɩɖɔkɩ ɖɔɖɔ size kuduyuu sʋsɔʋ Koliisee kʋnɛ yɔ, maya kɩmatʋ tɛŋga pɩnaɣ hiŋ lutozo wayɩ wiyau sʋsɔ Titus ɖoŋ taa. Ɛnʋ kaalɛɣzana wiyau sʋsɔ kɩbɩnʋ Vespasien kewiya kpelaɣ yɔɔ.
Ametisiti
Tɔm piye Ametisiti ɖɩñɔyɛ
Krɛsɩ kɩbɩnʊʊ kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, payaɣ se ἀμέθυστος / améthustos. Krɛsɩ kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, tɔm piye nɖɩ, ɖɩ-lakaɣ kɛ μεθύω / methúô ; pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se weyi sʊlʊm kʊ-ɩ yɔ. Ɛbɛ labana nɛ pakʊ pɩyɛ nɖɩ hɩɖɛ se weyi sʊlʊm kʊʊ-ɩ yɔ ? Pakʊma-ɖɩ hɩɖɛ nɖɩ, mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ, ɖɩ-tɔlɩm wɛ ɛzɩ sʊlʊm mbʊ payaɣ se fɛɛ yɔ. Sʊlʊm mbʊ, ɛyʊ ɛñɔ-pʊ yɔ, pʊkʊʊ-ɩ.
Koliisee
Kuduyuu sʋsɔʋ kʋnɛ, kɩ-pɩzʋʋ kɩ-mʋ kɩ-taa samaɣ ŋga yɔ, ka-talɩɣ kudokiŋ hiŋ lʋbɛ nɛ kagbanzɩ-ɩ mbɩ yɔ.
Ametisiti
Pɩyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ se Ametisiti yɔ ɖɩ-tɔlɩm
Pɩyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ se Ametisiti yɔ, ɖɩlɛɣzɩɣ tɔlɩm ndɩ ndɩ. Ɛlɛ, yee pɩwɛ hakuu nɛ pɩcɛzɩ ɛzɩ 250 teekiree kɔyɔ, ɖɩ-tɔlɩm yoluu. Yee pɩwɛ hakuu nɛ pɩtalɩ 500 teekiree kɔyɔ, pɩyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ se Ametisiti yɔ, ɖɩ-tɔlɩm wɛɣ ɛzɩ sʊtʊ lɩm yɔ. Ɛlɛ, ɖɩ-tɔlɩm mbʊ pɩɖaɣnɩɣ lɛɣzʊʊ yee feveku ɛsa miŋ nɛ pɩtalɩ 600 teekiree kɔyɔ.
Koliisee
Kuduyuu sʋsɔʋ Koliisee kʋnɛ, kɩ-waza ɖɔɔ siŋŋ. Kuduyuu ŋgʋ kɩ-tɛɛ palakɩ aleɣya sakɩyɛ. Nɛ kuduyuu ŋgʋ kɩ-tɛɛ aleɣya naɣyɛ kɔyɔ: tɛtɛ kpɩna you, nɛ gladiayatɛɖɩ waa you, nɛ pɩtasɩna egeetiye taa aleɣya sʋsɔna lɛɣna sakɩyɛ.
Ametisiti
Pɩyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ se Ametisiti yɔ ɖɩ-tɔlɩm
Pɩjaakpalɩmɩyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ se Ametisiti yɔ pakpakɩɣ nɛ palakɩna mbʊ payaɣ se siitirini waa yɔ. Miŋ yaa feveku palakɩna Ametisiti pɩjaakpalɩma tʊmɩyɛ nɛ palakɩ ñɩnɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ.
Koliisee
Ɖɩkpaɣ ɛzɩ, mba pahʋʋ pɔtɔm nɛ pɩwɛɛ size pamʋna sɩm kɔyɔ yɔɔ yɔ, kuduyuu ŋgʋ kɩ-tɛɛ palakaɣ sɔnzɩ nzɩ ɖɔɖɔ. Palaba kuduyuu sʋsɔʋ Koliisee kʋnɛ kɩ-tɛɛ tʋmɩyɛ pɩtalaɣ pɩnzɩ taŋga (500) mbɩ yɔ.
Kwivri
Kwivri ñɩɣtʊ pɛkpɛndaa nɛ pala ñɩɣyʊʊ ŋgʊ payaɣ se pʊrɔnzɩ (bronze) yɔ. Ɛlɛ, sɔnɔ yɔ Kwivri nɛ etɛŋ pa-ñɩɣtʊ pɛkpɛndaa nɛ pɩpɩsɩ pʊrɔnzɩ ñɩɣyʊʊ.
Takayɩsɩ maʊ taa lɛ, payaɣ pʊrɔnzɩ ñɩɣyʊʊ ɖɔɖɔ se ɛɛrɛɛ (airain). Mbʊ payaɣ se kampanolozii (campanologie) yɔ, pʊ-tʊmɩyɛ labʊ taa lɛ, pʊrɔnzɩ kɛ ñɩɣtʊ ndʊ pɛkpɛndaa nɛ poluki ɛgaŋgala yɔ.
Ñɩɣtʊ ndɩ ndɩ pɛkpɛndaa nɛ pala pʊrɔnzɩ ñɩɣyʊʊ. Ñɩɣtʊ ndʊ pɛkpɛndaa yɔ, ndʊʊ yɔ : Kwivri nɛ alimiiniyɔɔm nɛ plɔɔm (plomb) nɛ periliyɔɔm (béryllium) nɛ maŋganɛzɩ nɛ tuŋgistɛɛn (tungstène). Ñɩɣtʊ ndɩ ndɩ ndʊ, tɩ-taa lɛ, Kwivri kɩlɩna ɖɔʊ pʊrɔnzɩ taa. Pɛtɛyɩ pʊrɔnzɩ tam mɩnɩʊ yɔ, Kwivri kɛ hɔɔlʊʊ 60 mpilim. Halɩ kɩpɩzɩɣ kɩtalɩ hɔɔlʊʊ 95 mbʊ yɔ. Papɩzɩɣ pana ɖɔɖɔ pʊrɔnzɩ taa silisiyɔɔm (silicium) nɛ fɔsɩfɔrɩ nɛ sɛŋkɩ pazɩ pazɩ.
Ñɩɣtʊ ndɩ ndɩ ndʊ palabɩna pʊrɔnzɩ yɔ, tɩɩmʊʊ kalɩkɔdaɣ, tɩɩwɛɛkɩɣ, pɩtɛ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, tɩɩpʊkɩ kaʊ. Ɛlɛ, wondu ndʊ palabɩna pʊrɔnzɩ ñɩɣyʊʊ yɔ, yee palakɩ-tʊ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ lɩm taa kɔyɔ, tɩpɩzɩɣ tɩwɛɛkɩ yaa tɩpʊʊ. Ñɩɣtʊ ndʊ tɩhɔŋ laatriki miŋ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ. Ñɩɣtʊ ndʊ ɖɔɖɔ pakayɩɣna asiyee ñɩɣyʊʊ yɔɔ. Weyi ɛlakɩ pʊrɔnzɩ yɔ, payaɣ-ɩ se pʊrɔnziyee (bronzier).
Nabʊyʊ naa taa lɛ paya-ɩ se kuviri kɩsɛmʊʊ ŋgʊ ɛsɛ haʊ taa lɛ, pɩkɛ kuviri nɛ zɩŋkɩ nɛ patʊɣɩ-ɩ hɩɖɛ se sʊtʊ sɛmɩŋ kuviri. Pɩkɛ tɛyɩŋ ñɩɣlɩm pɩyʊ mbʊ lɛ, ɛmʊʊ latriki miŋ nɛ pɩtɩŋna pʊyɔɔ nɛ ɛ-tʊma ɖɔɔ sakɩyɛ. Palakɩna tʊmɩyɛ kuduyiŋ maʊ taa nɛ ɛwɛ kpɛndɩtʊ sakɩyɛ taa, kuviri kpɛndʊʊ wonduu taa.
Kuviri, nɔnɔnɔɔ tɛ ñɩɣlɩm wonuu kɩlabɩnaʊ, ɛkɛ ñɩɣlɩm wonuu kɩbɩnʊʊ ŋgʊ ɛyʊ kaalabɩna tʊmɩyɛ kpem yɔ. Ɛkɩlɩɣ miŋ saʊ pʊcɔ eyoli, pɩwɛ kɛlɛʊ yem se papasɩ kalɩkɔdaɣ kuviri taa pɩtɩŋna paa ɖeɣa nɔɔ taa miŋ yɔɔ, mbʊ panaa lɛɣlɛ.
Kedeŋa kpeekpe kajalaɣ you caanaʋ tɔm
Keteŋga kpeekpe kacalaɣ you caanaʊ tɔm: agoza fenaɣ 25 pɩnaɣ 1882 - hasɩyaɖɛ fenaɣ 28 wiye pɩnaɣ 1914
Kwivri
Paana kuviri tɛ yoluu ɖooo hoohoo kɛ helim mizisi taa Iran pʊʊ taa Sialh 3 kɩbɩnjaazɩ kpɛlɛkʊʊ lone yɔɔ, pɩkɛ pɩnzɩ agbaba 5 hɛkʊ alɩwaatʊ pʊcɔ palʊlɩ Yeesuu Krɩstʊ, mbʊ yɔ pɩtalɩ pɩnzɩ kudokiŋ lʊbɛ. Pɩnzɩ talɩ kudokiŋ loɖo pohuyuu ñɩɣlɩm tɛtʊ se pɩsa nɛ palɩzɩ kuviri yɔ wɛ kʊyʊmʊm Eurasi hɔɔlɩŋ tɩŋga nɛ Afrika nɛ ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ Sinai malasite yɔ kɛ Egipiti kɩbɩnʊʊ tɛ ɖenɖe pohuyaɣ tɛtɛɛ ñɩm pʊñɔtɩna pɩnzɩ 4500 pʊcɔ palʊlɩ Yeesuu Krɩstʊ.
Kedeŋa kpeekpe kajalaɣ you caanaʋ tɔm
Triple-Alliance ñɔʊ Payaɣ se Triple-Alliance yɔ, pɩkɛna ajɛya naatozo nayɛ nana ɖama nɛ paɖʊ taabalɩyɛ se paanɩnɛ ɖama paa ɛbɛ taa kɔyɔ. Triple-Alliance ŋgʊ, kɩ-tɛ ajɛya kɔyɔ: Allɩmañɩ, Autriche-Hongri nɛ Italia. Payaɣ Triple-Alliance ŋgʊ ɖɔɖɔ se Triplice. Ŋgbɛyɛ ɖɩyɔɔ lɛ,Caama taa wɛ leleŋ lɛɛlɛɛ yɔ kɩpɩzɩɣ nɛ kɩha ɛsɛ cam;iyɛ nɛ kɩ-koyindu Fransɩ ŋgʊ kɩnaɣ nɛ ɛsɛ ɖooo you ŋgʊ kɩɩwɛ pɛhɛkʊ taa pɩnaɣ 1870 yɔ. Peeɖe mbʊ lɛ, Autriche-Hongrie ñehiu taabalaa se kɩpɩzɩ nɛ kɩlʊbɩna kɩ-koyindu, Russe, weyi ɛcaɣ-ɩ tɔm kɛ Balkan taa yɔ.
Fransɩ nɛ Ruusii sɔɔjanaa pañɩɣ taabalɩyɛ nesi: kɩyɛɛna fenaɣ 18 pɩnaɣ 1892 Fransɩ ɛ Rusia mba paɖʊʊ politiki nɛ sɔɔjɛtʊ  taabalɩyɛ se pɩsa nɛ pataawɛɛ peɖeke nɛ palʊkɩna koyindinaa mba paba kpɛndaa yɔ. Pɩtasɩɩna piɖeke: Fransɩ ñɩnɩɣ se Rusia ɛkɩndɩ-kʊ liidiye nɛ pɩsɩna-kʊ. Pɩɩkaɣ pɩsɩɩna panaalɛ, pakaɣ wɛʊ naatozo alɩwaatʊ ndʊ Grande-Bretañɩ ñɔyʊna-wɛ yɔ. Pa-tabalɩyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ se Triple-Entente.
Pa-taabalɩyɛ ɖɩnɛ, nɖɩ wɛna nɛ pɩñɔɔzɩɣ keteŋga kpeekpe kacalaɣ you sɩŋ. Paɖʊ taabalɩyɛ mbʊ lɛ, Fransɩ nɛ Royaume-Uni pɩha-wɛɛ nʊmɔʊ nɛ pacaɣ nɛ panɩɩna ɖama se ajɛya  wena poyowaɣ a-yɔɔ yɔ, peceɣ. Mbʊ yebina nɛ Royaume-Uni yebina Fransɩ se ɛlɔ piyiŋ ɛzɩma ɛsɔɔlaa yɔ Terr-Neuve nɛ ɛnʊ kpakpasɩ Marɔɔkɩ yem kaɣlɛyɩtʊ. Pañɩʊ nesi nzɩ ɖomaɣ fenaɣ 8 wiye pɩnaɣ 1904.
Hasɩ yaɖɛ kacalaɣ pɩnaɣ 1911 wiye Caama tiyina kpɩyʊ nɛ malɩfanaa kɛ Agadir kondolokop yɔɔ se kɩsɩna kɩ-tɛɛ ɛyaa yee you etulaa kɔyɔ. Pɩwɛɛ pɩlakɩ mbʊ yɔ lɛ, Fransɩ taa tala leleŋ mbʊ yɔ kɩsɔɔla Maroc tɛ Wiyau sultan Moulay Hafiz nɛ kɩ-ɛsɛ ñɛwɛ Marokɩ yɔɔ ɖɔɖɔ.Peeɖe Royaume-Uni kɔma nɛ kiteɣ Fransɩ. Caama ñana mbʊ lɛ, pɩtacaɣ-kʊ, ɛlɛ ɛzɩma kʊ-tɔɔnasɩ kaatɛma nɛ nɔɔsɩ kpatɩɣ-kʊ lɛ, kʊsʊ ɖiu ɖiu nɛ kɩɖɛɛ. Keteŋga kpeekpe kacalaɣ you sɔsɔʊ ñɔtɩna kpam mbʊ yɔ.
Archiduc François-Ferdinand nɛ ɛ-halʊ pa-sim Archiduc François-Ferdinand, weyi ɛkaɣa kɛʊ Autriche-Hongrie wiyau yɔ, ɛna ɛ-halʊ, Sophie de Hoenberg pɛyɛla powolo  Sarajevo mɩsɩ kʊm fenaɣ 28 wiye pɩnaɣ 1914 lɛ, Sɛrbɩa evebu nɔɔyʊ  (Gavrilo Princip, ɛwɛna pɩnzɩ 19,) kʊ-wɛpeeɖe. Putulaa kɛlɛ.Paa anɩ ɛɛtɛma ɖaŋgʊ; ajɛya tɛma a-tɩ tɛyʊ naatozo naatozo: Triple-Alliance(Autriche-Hongrie, Alɩmañɩ nɛ Italia) pɩtasɩna Triple-Entente (Rusia, Fransɩ nɛ Grande-Bretagne). Kpaagbaa mbʊ lɛ, Autriche-Hongrie tuli you kɛ Sɛrbɩa kɛ hasɩ yaɖɛ fenaɣ 28 wiye pɩnaɣ 1914. You ŋgʊ kɩkaɣ leeɖuu pɩnzɩ 14 nɛ asɛyʊ nɛ sɩm kaɣ labʊ sɩŋŋŋ.
Bahaullah
Palʊlɩ ɛyʊ weyi payaɣ se Mīrzā Ḥusayn-ʿAlī Nūrī yɔ kamɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ hiu nɛ naalɛ n̄ɩŋgʊ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1817 n̄ɩŋga taa. Palʊla-ɩ Iranɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa, Teheeraanɩ tɛtʊ taa. Ɛsɩba agoza fenaɣ kɩyakʊ nɩɩlɛ nɛ nakʊ n̄ɩŋgʊ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1892 n̄ɩŋga taa. Ɛsɩba Izrɛɛlɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa, Aakrɩ tɛtʊ taa. Mīrzā Ḥusayn-ʿAlī Nūrī kɛ Ɛsɔ lɔɔyaɣ tʊ nɔɔyʊ. Pakʊma-ɩ hɩɖɛ ɛ-tɛ Iiraanɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa se Bahāʾ-Allāh. Hɩɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-tɔbʊʊ lɛ se Ɛsɔ Ɖoŋ yaa Ɛsɔ n̄alɩmɩyɛ.
Bahāʾ-Allāh tɔŋ se ɛnʊʊ lɛ, Ɛsɔ lɔɔyaɣ tʊ kpaagbaa n̄ɩnʊ weyi Ɛsɔ tiyi kedeŋa yɔɔ yɔ. Ɛɔŋ se Ɛsɔ lɔɔyasɩ tɩnaa sʊsaa panɛ : Krishna nɛ Abrɩham nɛ Moïse, Bouddha nɛ Zoroastre nɛ Yeesu nɛ Muḥammad pa-wayɩ lɛ, ɛnʊ wɛna. Se ɛnʊʊ lɛ Ɛsɔ wɛtʊ yeli kedeŋa yɔɔ. Ɛyɔɔdɩ se kedeŋa kpeekpe ɛyaa kaɣ kpɛndʊʊ nɛ pɛkɛ ɛyaa kʊɖʊmaa. Se pakaɣ kpɛndʊʊ nɛ pala sɔnzɩ kʊɖʊmasɩ. Ɛyɔɔdɩ ɖɔɖɔ se ɛ-tɔm ɖooo lɔŋdaa Ɛsɔ sɛtʊ aŋgba kpeekpe kosusaa. Se ɛ-tɔm posusaɣ ɖooo lɔŋ se ɛkaɣ kɔm kɛdɛzaɣ alɩwaatʊ taa nɛ eyele nɛ siɣsiɣ tɔm wɛɛ kedeŋa yɔɔ nɛ ɛyaa tɩŋa wɛɛ laŋhʊlʊmɩyɛ nɛ laŋhɛzɩyɛ pa-taa yem fɛɛɛ.
Ɛɛkɛ weyi payaɣ se Bāb yɔ ɛ-wayɩ tɩŋɩyʊ pɩnaɣ 1819 nɛ puwolo pɩsɩɩna pɩnaɣ 1850 n̄ɩŋga taa. Bāb n̄ɔtɔŋaɣ se ɛkɛ weyi ɛkʊyʊʊ ɛsɔdaa yɔ. Patasaɣ-ɩ yaʊ ɖɔɖɔ se Imam Caché yaa Al-Mahdī, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se weyi pʊwɩla-ɩ nʊmɔʊ kɩbaŋʊ siŋŋ yɔ. Se ɛ-tɔm Ɛsɔ sɛtʊ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ se Izilaam yɔ, ɖisusaɣ. Se ɛnʊʊ Malɩŋ kaɖaŋaa se ɛkɔɔ nɛ pʊcɔ Tɔm Hʊʊ Kpaagbaa Evemiye talɩ
Adolph Hitler
Adolph Hitler kɛ Otirisi tʊ. Ɛlɛ, ɛyɔɔdʋʋ caama ñɩma kʋnʋŋ. Palʊlɩ-ɩ efemiye nɛɛlɛ (20) wiye ɖomaɣ fenaɣ taa, pɩnaɣ 1889. Palʋla-ɩ Bɩrɔnɔ Amm Ɩnn tɛtʋ taa Otirisi Hɔŋgri ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ sɔnɔ taa payaɖɩ se Otirisi yɔ, ɖɩ-taa. Ɛsɩba ɖomaɣ fenaɣ taa kɩyakʋ niidozo (30) ñɩŋʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1945 ñɩŋa taa. Bɛrɩlɛɛ tɛtʋ taa ɛsɩba. Bɛrɩlɛɛ tɛtʋ kɛŋna Caama tɛtʊ sɔsɔ. Adolph Hitler ɛnʊ, ɛ-maɣmaɣ ɛkʊna ɛ-tɩ. Sɔsɔ Adolph Hitler kaakɛna Caama ɛjaɖɛ taa sɔɔja sɔsɔ. Ɛɛkɛ ɛjaɖɛ ńɖɩ ɖɩ-ñʋʋdʋ. Ɛɛkɛ politi laɖʋ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʋ. Ɛnʊ lɩzɩna politiki ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ se 'Nazisme" yɔ.
Ɖoŋ tʊmɩyɛ ɖeke koŋ ɛlakaɣ e-wezuu caɣʋ tɩŋa. Ɛ-lɩmaɣza ɖeke koŋ Caama ɛjaɖɛ taa ɛyaa lakaɣna tʊmɩyɛ. Ɖoŋ ɖɔɖɔ ɛmʋna Kewiyaɣ kpelaɣ. Nɛ ɛmʊ-kɛ nɛ ɛtɛ lɛ, ɛyaa Caama ɛjaɖɛ sɩse: Naadozo Reich. Ɛkpaɣ kpelaɣ, kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 1933 ñɩŋa nɛ puwolo pɩsɩɩna pɩnaɣ 1945 ñɩŋa taa. Ɛkɛ politiki ɛyʊ mbʊʋ lɛ, ɛkɛ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ sɩse 'NSDAP' (caama tʊmlaɖaa samaɣ), yɔ ɖɩ-ñʊʋdʊ. Caama ɛjaɖɛ ñʋʋdʋ Adolph Hitler ñɩnaɣ se ɛkʋ weyi ɛlɛ kɛkɛ ɖɩ-ñʋʋdʋ yɔ nɛ pʋcɔ ɛmʋ kpelaɣ nɛ ɖoŋ, ɛlɛ, pʋtɔcɔ. Ñʋʋdʋ Adolph Hitler kɛkɛ Caama ɛjaɖɛ kajalaɣ Minisi, pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se ɛjaɖɛ ñʋʋdʋ tɛɛ tʋ nɛ pʋcɔ ɛmʋʋ kpelaɣ nɛ ɖoŋ. Kɔlaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ niidozo wiye, pɩnaɣ 1933 ñɩŋa taa ɛɛkɛ Kajalaɣ Minisi Caama ɛjaɖɛ taa.kpɛɣlɛ. Pɩnaɣ ŋga ka-taa ɛkʋ e-kondɩnaa mba pakaɖaɣna-ɩ yɔ patɩŋa payɩ pɩtasaɣ paa kʋɖʋm. Ɖomaɣ fenaɣ taa, pɩnaɣ 1934 ñɩŋa taa ɖajaa Adolph Hitler laba ɛ-tɩ sɔnzɩ nɛ ɛpɩsɩ Caama ɛjaɖɛ ñʋʋdʋ. Ñʋʋdʋ Adolph Hitler ɖiyaɣ ɛ-ɛjaɖɛ nɛ ñazʋʋ nɛ ɖoŋ. E-ɖeke ɛlɩzɩɣna ɛjaɖɛ paɣtʋ ndɩ ndɩ nɛ a-yɔɔ ɖeke ɖɔɖɔ ɛyaa ɖɔŋ. Ɛɛyɔɔdʋʋ nɛ nɔɔyʋ cosi. Ɛɛñazɩɣ nɛ nɔɔyʋ kizi labʋ mbʋ ɛtɔma se pala yɔ. Ñazʋʋ nɛ ñazʋʋ lɛ, ñʋʋdʋ Adolph Hitler ñazaa ɛpalɩ lɩm.Ɛ-kañatʋ nɛ ñʋʋdʋ nɔɔyʋ ñɩndʋ patata kaʋ. Adolph Hitler tɔm kɛ kigiluu tɔm siŋŋ samaɣ cɔlɔ. Ɛkʊwaɣ e-kondinaa yem yem ɛzɩ ɛsɔɔlʊʋ yɔ.Ɛɛsɔɔla se ɛmʋ ajɛɛ ndɩ ndɩ tɛtʋ nɛ tɩpɩsɩ ɛ-ɛjaɖɛ ñɩndʋ.
Payaɣ ñʋʋdʋ Adolph Hitler caa se Aloi Hitler nɛ e-ɖoo hɩlɛ lɛ Klara Hitler. Ɛwɛna halʊ nɛ payaɣ ɛlɛ se Eva Braum.
Agɔnta yaa matematiki tɔm pazʋʋ yɔ
Akɔnta tɔm pazʋʋ kedeŋga yɔɔ yɔ, pɩtala pɩnzɩ ɛgbaŋ ɛgbaŋ. Kedeŋga ajɛya ndɩndɩ taa pɩpazaa, ɛzɩ Siini, Hɛkʋ-nɛ-hɛkʋ Amerika taa ajɛya taa yɔ. Pɩsɩɩna pɩnzɩmɩnaɣ 17 ñɩŋga (XVIIe siècle) lɛ Akɔnta yaa matematiki sɩmtʋ kaakɛ ɛzɩ aho tɔm nɛ paa ahoye wenɖi kedeŋga hɔɔlʋʋ weŋgu kɩ-taa ’lɛ, kɩ nɛ kɩ-tɔm. Pɩkpaɣʋna pɩnzɩmɩnaɣ 19 ñɩŋga (XIX siècle), nɛ pɩkɩlɩna pɩnzɩminaɣ 20 ñɩŋga (XX siècle) yɔɔ ñɩnɩyaa laba tʋma pʋ-yɔɔ pʋɖɔɔ nɛ weyi ɛsɩma wendu ’lɛ, ɛlɛ lakɩ se pɩyɛlɩ nɛ pɩtalɩ ɛyaa lalaa. Pʋmbʋ hana ɛyaa lɩmaɣza se matematiki wɛna kʋlɔmɩŋ ndɩndɩ’ɩ sakɩyɛ yɔ, pɩwɛɛ se pekpeɣli kɩ-tɔm hɔɔlɩŋ hɔɔlɩŋ nɛ patʋʋ hɔɔlɩŋ ɩnʋ’ʋ alɩwaatʋ nɛ pɩwɩlɩ se hɔɔlʋʋ kʋnɛ kɩ-tɔm ñɔ alɩwaatʋ tʋnɛ.
Hɔzʋʋ lotu
Hɔzʋʋ lotu kɛna malɩfa sɔsɔʋ nakʋyʋ. Malɩfa kʋnɛ, kɩkɛna malɩfa miŋ n̄ɩŋgʋ ŋgʋ kʋwɛ kɛŋgɛ tɩyɛ yɔ. Ŋna-kʋ ɖɔ, ŋnaɣ size kɩpaɣlɩ siŋŋ.
Malɩfa kʋnɛ, kɩwazaɣ siŋŋ kɛlɛ size, ɛzɩma ɛnʋʋ sɩzɩ pɔlɔʋ kʋ kʋlɔʋ yɔ yɔ, kɩtalɩ ɖoo poliŋ taa nɛ pɩcɔ kɩmɩzɩ kɩ-tɩ. Kɩ-taa paɖʋ pɩyɛ yuŋ n̄ɩnɖɛ nɖɩ pʋ-tɔʋ ɖɩ nɛ ɖɩ-mɩzɩ yɔ. Pɔtɔ hɔzʋʋ lotu malɩfa kʋnɛ kɩ-talɩɣ poliŋ siŋŋ.
Ɖoo kiɖe tɛ lɛ, payawaɣ malɩfa lotu n̄ɩŋgʋ kʋnɛ size pulee. Pulee tɔbʋʋ kɛlɛ kɛlɛʋ size putuuɖe. Ŋna-kʋ kɩwɛ putuuɖe tɩyɛ nɛ ŋɖɔka-ɖɩ nɛ ŋtɩ yebuɖi nɛ ɖɩtɔlɩ kɔyɔ, ŋna size ɖipilimuu.
Putuuɖe nɖɩ, ɖɩwɛ ɛzɩ n̄ɩɣyʋʋ yaa n̄ɩɣtʋ n̄ɩɣɖɛ tɩyɛ yɔ.
Kedeŋa tɔm
Tɩŋ pe nɛ nandʊ kajalaɣ ɛyaa tɔkaɣ nɛ pacakɩ wezuu. Paakɛ kacaɣ kakʊyɩwaa, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se pɔɖɔŋaɣna caɣʊ caɣʊ tɛtʊ ndɩ ndɩ taa. Piteleri nɛ Afrɩka nɛ Eerɔɔpʊ nɛ Aazii pɛ-tɛtʊ taa su ɛyaa pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ. Kpaagbaa mbʊ lɛ, Amerika nɛ hayi kiŋ nɛ Oseyaanii pɛ-ɛyaa n̄azɩyaa sʊʊ Afrɩka nɛ Aazii pɛ-tɛtʊ taa nɛ papaɣzɩ pɛ-ɛyaa wɩlʊʊ tɔɔzɩm taan̄am. Ɛyaa taasɔɔlɩ caɣʊ hɔɔlɩŋ weyi ɛ-taa kɩla soŋaɣ yaa wɩsɩ kɩlɩɣ n̄aɣʊ yɔ. Ɛlɛ, pɩlaba ɛzɩ pɩnzɩ kudoku nɛ pɩnzɩ naalɛ (12 000) yɔ, ɛyaa cakɩ hɔɔlɩŋ ɛnʊ ɛ-taa kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ.
Kajalaɣ kacaɣ kakʊyɩwaa, mba pɔtɩkɩ tɩŋ pe nɛ nandʊ peɖeke nɛ pacakɩ wezuu yɔ, pe-liɖe taa n̄ɩma nabɛyɩ pɩsɩ haɖaa siŋŋ, ɛlɛ, lɛlaa n̄ɔɖɔkɩ pɔ-cɔzaa zɔnzɩ ńzɩ kpam. Paba tɔsɔɔlɩ ɛyaa cɔlɔ caɣʊ siŋŋ. Pɔsɔɔlɩ caɣʊ pe-ɖeke poliŋ poliŋ taa.
Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ wandamm
Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ tɔm, kɔzɩ kɔzɩ tɛtʋ ndʋ payaɣ se Eerɔpʋ "méridionale" yɔ tɩ-tɔm pakɩlɩ maʋ takayɩsɩ taa. Ɛlɛ, pɩtɛkɛ yem nɛ pakɩlɩ-tʋ maʋ takayɩsɩ taa. Tɔm sɔsɔtʋ naanza natʋyʋ yɔɔ pɩtɩŋnaa nɛ pɩla se Eerɔpʋ "méridionale" tɔm pakɩlɩ maʋ takayɩsɩ taa:
Samaɣ ŋga payaɣ se "sami" yaa "lapon" yɔ kɔ-hɔʋ waasɩ nɛɛlɛ kiɖe tɛɛ. Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ taa caanaʋ tɔm n̄ɩnɩyaa nɛ tɩ-mayaa pɛtɛyɩ caanaʋ tɔm alɩwaatʋ ndɩ ndɩ taa. Kajalaɣ lɛ, tɔm ndʋ tɩɩwɛɛ nɛ pʋcɔ caanaʋ tɔm paɣzɩ yɔ, alɩwaatʋ ńdʋ payaɣ se "préhistoire". Alɩwaatʋ tʋnɛ tʋtʋ wayɩ lɛ, "Antiquité" alɩwaatʋ n̄atɩŋɩ nɛ "Antiquité" alɩwaatʋ wayɩ lɛ, "Moyen Âge alɩwaatʋ tɩŋɩ. "Afrɩka ajɛɛ wena awɛna Sahara Kañɩnbʊsaɣ nɛ hadɛ kiŋ yɔ a-alɩwaatʋ nɛ amérindienne précolombienne alïwaatʋ nɛ Siini alɩwaatʋ nɛ Ɛɛndɩ n̄ɩndʋ pɛwɛ ndɩ nɛ Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ taa caanaʋ tɔm n̄ɩndʋ.
Paa mbʋʋ yɔ, wɛtʊ ndɩ ndɩ natʊyʊ naadozo lɛɣzɩna Eerɔpʊ tɛtʊ ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ kedeŋa yɔɔ ajɛya sɔsɔna lɛɛna yɔ.
Hɔzʋʋ mʋlʋm n̄ɩŋgʋ kɩkpɛɛdʋ (Poudre noire)
Malɩfa yaa Hɔzʋʋ kɛŋgɛ yaa lotu mʋlʋm n̄ɩŋgʋ kɩkpɛɛdʋ kʋnɛ, kɩkɛ Siini ɛjaɖɛ n̄ɩɣyʋʋ kɩlɩzʋʋ. Hɔzʋʋ yaa malɩfa kɛŋgɛ mʋlʋm n̄ɩŋgʋ kʋnɛ, ŋgʋʋ payaɣna Fransɩ kʋnʋŋ taa size "poudre noire yaa poudre à canon yaa poudre à fusil".
Tɔm matʋ taa siŋŋ lɛ, payaɣ kʋ size kɔyɛ miŋ n̄ɩnɖɛ nɛ payaɣ kɛlɛʋ kɛ Fransɩ kʋnʋŋ taa size «médicament à feu». Kɔyɛ miŋ n̄ɩnɖɛ ɖɩnɛ, palaba-ɖɩ nɛ tɔyʋ yaa mɩzɩyʋ ɛzɩ payaɣʋ nɛ Fransɩ kʋnʋŋ taa size "déflagrant" tɛ lɩm kisidim.
Payaɣ malɩfa kɛŋgɛ mʋlʋm yaa puuyuu n̄ɩŋgʋ kɩkpɛɛdʋ kʋnɛ ɖɔɖɔ size ɖajaa sɔsɔ Salpêtre tɛ malɩfa yaa hɔzʋʋ kɩlabʋʋ. Ŋgʋ ɖɔɖɔ payaɣ size "poudre à canon yaa poudre à fusil. Palaba wɛ ɖɔɖɔ nɛ Sufɩɖɩ (soufre), nɛ kpoŋgbolo ɖasɩ (charbon de bois).
Agatha Christie
Payaɣ Ɖoɖoo Agatha Christie ɖɔɖɔ se Agatha Mary Clarissa Miller. Ɖoɖoo Agatha Mary Clarissa Miller ɛnɛ, ɛkɛ halʋ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʋ siŋŋ ɛ-ɛjaɖɛ taa. Ɖoɖoo ɛnɛ, ɛkɛ Aŋgletɛɛrɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa pɛlɔ. Ɖoɖoo Agatha Mary Clarissa Miller wɛ ñʋʋ taa lɔŋ siŋŋ.
Palʋla-ɩ salaŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ hiu nɛ kagbanzɩ (15) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1890 n̄ɩŋga taa. Caanaʋ tɔm tɩlɩyaa tɔŋ se patatɩlɩ siŋŋ tɛtʋ ndʋ tɩ-taa palʋlɩ Ɖoɖoo Ɖoɖoo Agatha Mary Clarissa Miller yɔ camɩyɛ. Ɛkɛ n̄amtʋ pɩɣa siŋŋ ɛ-taabalaa nɛ samaɣ ŋga ɛwɛ ka-taa yɔ pɔ-cɔlɔ.
yɔ.
Ɛkɛ halʋ weyi ɛfɛyɩ felendu yɔ. Ɖoɖoo Agatha Mary Clarissa Miller ɛnɛ, ɛsɩba kɔlaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ hiu nɛ naalɛ (12) n̄ɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1976 n̄ɩŋga taa. Patatɩlɩ tɛtʋ ndʋ tɩ-taa ɛsɩba yɔ. Ɛsɩkaɣ lɛ, ɛɛwɛna pɩnzɩ hiŋ lʋbɛ nɛ loɖo (76).
Ɖoɖoo Agatha Mary kɛkɛ takayɩsɩ maʋ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʋ. Ɛɛkɛ halʋ weyi ɛsɩma ɛ-tʋmɩyɛ labʋ camɩyɛ yɔ. Ɛɛkɛ takayɩsɩ sɩnɖʋ nɔɔyʋ siŋŋ ɖɔɖɔ, pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se, ɛɛkɛ halʋ mɛ-ɛza kulaa nɔɔyʋ. Ɛ-ɛza cɛba nɛ atɛ akuli ɖɔɖɔ.
Ɖoɖoo Agatha Mary Clarissa Miller ma takayasɩ sakɩyɛ pɩlɩɩna ɖiɣɖiɣ caɣʋ paɣtʋ yɔɔ ɖɔm nʋmɔʋ taa. Ɖoɖoo Agatha Mary Clarissa Miller hɩɖɛ sɛ siŋŋ kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ.
Ɛɛkɛ n̄ɩnɩyʋ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʋ siŋŋ ɖɔɖɔ. Ɖoɖoo ɛnɛ, ɛ-tʋmɩyɛ laba sakɩyɛ leleŋ siŋŋ ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ Ɖajaa Hercule Poirot nɛ Ɖoɖoo Miss Marple tʋma kɛdɩnaɣʋ sakɩyɛ yɔ. Ɖoɖoo Agatha Christie takayasɩ nasɩyɛ hɩla yɔ : Le Crime de l'Orient-Express, nɛ Dix petits nègres, nɛ Mort sur le Nil nɛ Le Train de 16h50.
1870 you tɔm
Bismark weyi ɛɛsɔɔla se ɛ-tɛ Prusse ehuu yɔ, ɛnʊ esidina tɔm ntʊ payɩ nɛ ekuli Napoléon III pana. Peeɖe kpaagba mbʊ, ɛtatɩɩ ñɩnʊ se ɛna e-egbele lɩmaaza nɛ ɛtɩ tuli you ŋgʊ ɛ-tɛ soɔjanaa tatɩɩ ñɔɔzɩ patɩ. Prusse Caama tɛ sɔɔjanaa wɛ 800 000 ŋgʊ Fransɩɩ ñɩma kpɛnda 250 000. 1870 you ŋgʊ kɩna kɩndɩ kpem. Pɩlakaɣ ɛzɩ fenaɣ nɛ hɔɔlʊ mbʊ yɔ lɛ, Prusse tɛ sɔɔjanaa tɔyɩ Fransɩɩ ñma nɛ panaŋgɩ Paris tɛtʊ caɣcaɣ.
Pawaba Napoléon III kɛ Sedan
Salaŋ fenaɣ naalɛ ŋgʊ wiye Prusse tɛ sɔɔjanaa nɛ Saxe mba pɔcɔ Sedan nɛ pata kolokoto. Pañɩnaɣ se paɖʊ nesi kɛ Bazaine kɛ Metz tɛtʊ taa pʊcɔ. Fransɩɩ sɔɔjanaa, tɛyɩ tam nabʊlɛ taa nɛ pɔtɔɔɖɔ mbʊ lɛ, patakpaɣ nabʊyʊ Prusse ñekima cɔlɔ. Pawabɛ wɛ mbʊ lɛ, Napoléon III kaawɛ peeɖe tɛtʊ taa nɛ patɩkpaɣ-ɩ nɛ paɖʊ salaka. Parɩs tɛtʊ taa samaɣ kpeekpe nɔsɩ ɖɛya caŋ pala kediizaɣ nɛ paɖɩzɩ Empire ŋgʊ nɛ République III ñɩŋgʊ paazɩ. Wiyaʋ se nɛ ewolo ɛɖʊ kʊyʊʊ kɛ Angleterre nɛ peeɖe ɛkaɣ sɩbʊ pɩnzɩ naadozo wayɩ.
Prusse mba paɣzɩ Paris tɛtʊ yɔɔ cɔnaʊ
Prusse mba cɔ Parɩs tɛtʊ kodolo nɛ pata lɛ, paaɖoye hɔzɩŋ kou na kpaa kpaa. Sɔɔja sɔsɔ weyi payaɣ-ɩ se Gambetta yɔ, ɛna ɛyaa ɖɔŋ tɩnaa pɛcɛyʊ pa-tɩ wɩsɩ nɛ ɖoo se palɩzɩ Parɩs tɛtʊ tɩ-koyindinaa nesi tɛɛ ɛlɛ fenasi 5 wayi kɛ tɔm taa kaɣ yaʊ kpayɩ kpayɩ. Nikaɣ nɛ ñɔɔsɩ pakpata-wɛ camɩyɛ mbʊ lɛ, kɔlaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 28 wiye pɩnaɣ 1871 lɛ, Fransɩɩ you laɖaa sɩɩ pɔ-hɔzɩŋ nɛ pɔtɔ size pɑñɩɣza you kɛ mbʊ.
Amharikii kʊnʊŋ
Amharikii kʊnʊŋ kɛ Sɛmɩtɩkɩ kʊnʊŋ, cejewiye ndɩ ɖɩda yee ɖikpaɣ mba panɩʊ kʊ yɔ kɩkɛ kʊnʊŋ naalɛ ŋgʊ pakɩlɩ kʊ yɔɔdʊʊ yɔ kɛ Arabɩɩ wayi. Pɩlɩna politiki kʊnʊmɩŋ yɔ pʊcɔ Derg tɔlɩ lɛ kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ ɛyaa sakɩyɛ yɔɔdɩɣ-kʊ Etiyoopii ɛjaɖɛ taa, ɛzɩ Amhara waa sakɩyɛ mba palʊlɩ-wɛ kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ kɩ-taa, yaa ɛzɩ kʊnʊŋ naalɛ ŋgʊ ŋgʊ pɔyɔɔdʊʊ na ɖama yɔ.
1870 you tɔm
Bazaine kpiyu ewondu kɛ Metz
Sɔɔja sɔsɔ weyi payaɣ-ɩ se Maréchal François Achille Bazaine yɔ, ɛcɔnaa se ɛɛkaɣ nabʊyʊ kpaɣʊ po-you ŋgʊ kɩ-taa lɛ, ɛ-na ɛ-ɛsɔɔjanaa 180 000 pekpii pɔ-sɔɔjɛtʊ wondu kɛ Metz. Fenasi naalɛ ñɛtɛŋaɣ lɛ, pɩtalɩna Napoléon III kɛlɛ se ɛkpaɣ ɛ-ñɩndʊ kɛ Sedon. Ŋgʊ ɛyʊ ɛcɔnaa kɔyɔ, Bazaine sɔɔjana kɛkɛŋna Fransɩɩ tɛ kpagbaa lidaʋ. Pɩnzɩ naatozo wayɩ lɛ, pɩkɩla Bazaine kɛlɛ nɛ pakpa-ɩ se paɖʊ-ɩ sɩm ɛlɛ ñʊʊtʊ Maréchal MacMahon ñaya ɛ-ñʊʊ nɛ peyebi-ɩ.
Amharikii kʊnʊŋ
Ɖooo ɛjaɖɛ ɖɔkʊʊ paɣtʊ takayaɣ pɩnaɣ 1994 paaza ka tʊmɩyɛ labʊ nɛ kpeɣtaɣ mbʊ lɛ Amharikii kʊnʊŋ leɣsɩ kɩwaɖɛ mbʊ se kɩɩkɛ kʊnʊŋ sɔsɔʊ kɛ ɛjaɖɛ taa yɔ, hɔɔlaɣ 5-1 tisiʊ se komina sɩma waɖɛ nɖɩ kɛ [Wp/kbp/Etiyoopii (Ethiopie)|Etiyoopii]] kʊnʊmɩŋ kpeekpe taa, mbʊ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ hɔɔlaɣ 5-2 haɣ Amharikii kʊnʊŋ waɖɛ se kɩkɛ komina tɛ tʊmɩyɛ taa kʊnʊŋ kɛ ajɛyɛ wena anɩna ɖama kɛ politiki nɔmɔʊ taa yɔ. [Wp/kbp/Etiyoopii (Ethiopie)|Etiyoopii]] wayi lɛ ɛyaa miliiyɔɔ waa 2,7 yɔɔdʊʊ kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ nɛ pɛwɛ Egipiti ɛjaɖɛ taa nɛ Izrɛɛlɩ taa nɛ Cibuuti taa nɛ Yemeŋ taa nɛ Sudaanɩ taa nɛ Etaazuunii taa nɛ ɖɔɖɔ Eriitree ajɛyɛ taa ɛlɛ hɔɔlɩŋ ʊnʊ ɛda ɛyaa sɩma tɩɩyɔ wɛʊ alɩwaatʊ cɩkpetʊ kɛ pɩnaɣ 1993 tɛ tɔm.
1870 you tɔm
Sɔɔja sɔsɔ Maréchal Moltke kɛ Belfort kpaɣ kɔlaɣ fenaɣ 18 pɩnaɣ 1871
Sɔɔja sɔsɔ Maréchal Moltke wɛ Belfort samaɣ ɛzɩ 40 000 nɔɔ yɔɔ. Pɩlaba mbʊ lɛ, sɔɔja sɔsɔ Colonel Denfert-Rochereau ñaɣ pana sɩŋŋŋ nɛ ɛkandayɩ tɩ-yɔɔ pɩtalɩ ɛzɩ kɩyakɩŋ 104 mbʊ yɔ nɛ pɩwayɩ lɛ, Belfort kpii kɔ-tɔnaa kɛ lɛlaɣ fenaɣ 18 pɩnaɣ 1871.
Caama ɛjaɖɛ taa ñɩma wana you nɛ kɩpaɣzɩ Fransɩɩ tɛtʊ kpacayʊ. Paris ñaɣ pana se kɩlɩ pɩ-taa ɛlɛ kɩwɩ tɔnʊʊ. You nɛ ñɔɔsɩ pakɩla France lɛ, nɛ pahaba kʊ-ñʊʊ tʊ Trochu lɛ, Parɩs ɛjaɖɛ kpakɩɣ ɖɩ-wondu. Versailles tɛtʊ taa kɛ Prusse nɛ Fransɩɩ mba pañɩʊ takayaɣ taa nesi kɔlaɣ fenaɣ taa se paatasɩɣ labʊ you. Takayaɣ kanɛ kɛ-tɛ nesi ñɩɩʊ wɛɛ nɛ pɩlakɩ Paris mba ɛzɩ pɛkɛna fɛyɛ tɔm yaa kɔŋgɔmtʊ yɔ.
Kedeŋa tʋʋzʋʋ lɛɣtʋ
Lɛɣtʋ piliŋa nakɛyɛ wɛɛ nɛ kɔcɔŋna ɛzɩma kedeŋa wɛɛ yɔ pʋ-yɔɔ. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se, kɛkpɛlɛkɩɣ se katɩlɩ kedeŋa yɔɔ wɛtʋ nɛ kama nɛ katʋʋzɩ kedeŋa wɛtʋ ndɩ ndɩ takayɩsɩ taa. Lɛɣtʋ piliŋa ŋ́ga keyekina se ɛyʋ ɛtɩlɩ mbʋ pɩlakɩ nɛ yolum yoluu nɛ lʋŋʋyɛ lʋŋʋʋ yɔ. Lɛɣtʋ piliŋa ŋ́ga keheyiɣna ɛyʋ soŋaɣ alɩwaatʋ nɛ niikaɣ alɩwaatʋ. Kasɩma kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ cɩnɛ hɔɔlɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ tɛ wɛtʋ ndɩ ndɩ. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se kasɩma se, Amerika tɛtʋ wandamm taa lɛ, yolum yoluu alɩwaatʋ tʋnɛ nɛ tʋnɛ nɛ lʋŋʋyɛ ñalʋŋ alɩwaatʋ tʋnɛ nɛ tʋnɛ. Kasɩma se, Eerɔpʋ tɛtʋ wandamm taa lɛ, alɩwaatʋ tʋnɛ nɛ tʋnɛ yolum yoluu nɛ alɩwaatʋ tʋnɛ nɛ tʋnɛ lʋŋʋyɛ lʋŋʋʋ.
Aazii tɛtʋ wandamm taa ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, lɛɣtʋ piliŋa ŋ́ga kasɩma ɖɔɖɔ alɩwaatʋ ndʋ lʋŋʋyɛ lʋŋʋʋ nɛ yolum ñoyoli yɔ. Tobi se, lɛɣtʋ piliŋa ŋ́ga, kasɩma kedeŋa kpeekpe tɛtʋ wandamm wandamm waa tɩŋa taa wɛtʋ ndɩ ndɩ.
Lɛɣtʋ piliŋa ŋ́ga katʋʋzʋʋna paa tɛtʋ wandamm ndʋ lɛ ti-lone nɛ tɩ-walanzɩ nɛ tɩ-laŋ nɛ tɩ-tɛtʋ wɛtʋ nɛ tɩ-taa ñɩm ndɩ ndɩ. Lɛɣtʋ piliŋa ŋ́ga kañɩnɩɣna nɛ katɩlɩ paa tɛtʋ wandamm ndʋ lɛ tɩ-ajɛya ñʋʋ. Lɛɣtʋ piliŋa ŋ́ga kañɩnɩɣna nɛ katʋʋzɩ paa ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ lɛ, ɖi-lone nɛ ɖɩ-walanzɩ nɛ ɖɩ-tɛtʋ wɛtʋ nɛ tɩ-taa ñɩm tɩŋa lona.
Paa ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ lɛ, pɛtɛyɩ-ɖɩ ageeta sɔsɔŋ ndɩ ndɩ nɛ paa egeetiye nɖɩ lɛ, pɛtɛyɩ-ɖɩ hɔɔlɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ. Pɩtɩŋa payɩ mbʋ yɔ, lɛɣtʋ piliŋa ŋ́ga kañɩnɩɣna nɛ katɩlɩ pɩtŋa nɛ katʋʋzɩ ɛyaa takayɩsɩ taa. Lɛɣtʋ piliŋa ŋ́ga ɖɔɖɔ kañɩnɩɣna nɛ katɩlɩ haba sɔsɔna ndɩ ndɩ nɛ cikpena wena pɛhɛ paa ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ lɛ, ɖɩ-taa yɔ. Lɛɣtʋ piliŋa ŋ́ga, kañɩnɩɣ ɖɔɖɔ se katɩlɩ tomiye nɖɩ ɖɩwɛ ɛyʋ nɛ mbʋ pʋcɔ-ɩ payɩ nɛ pɩta yɔ pɛ-hɛkʋ taa.
Kɔfɩ
Kɔfɩ kɛna sʊlɩm mbʊ ɛyʊ pɩzɩɣ ɛñɔɔ nɛ ɖom ɛtaakpayɩ yɔ. Kɔfɩ tɩʊ lʊlʊʊ na pee ana. Kɔfɩ haɖaʊ tɔya ajɛya wena a-taa wɩsɩ ñakɩ camɩyɛ yɔ. Pahayʊʊ kɔfɩ yɔ, pɛɖɛʊ na-kɩ-pee ajɛya lɛɛna taa nɛ pʊcɔ pɛpɛdɩ-yɛ. Kɔfɩ kɛna tɔɔnasɩ taa tɔɔnaɣ ŋga pakɩlɩɣ pɛdʊ ajɛya sɔsɔna kɩyakɩŋ taa yɔ. Kɩkɛna ñɩm sɔsɔm kɛ ajɛya wena ahayɩɣ-kʊ yɔ. Kaɖazim wayɩ lɛ, kɔfɩ pakɩlɩɣ pɛdɩɣ ajɛya kpeekpe taa; ɛlɛ tɔm tʊnɛ yɔ, ñɩnɩyaa sakɩyɛ wɛɛ nɛ paatɩsɩɣ tʊyɔɔ caamɩyɛ nɛ paɖɩɣna ñɩnɩɣ se pana se toovenim mbʊ lɛ?
Ahʊna kʊnʊŋ
Ahʊna kʊnʊŋ (Ahʊna kʊnʊŋ taa: Èʋe ou Èʋegbe) pasɩma-kʊ nɛ kʊkʊnʊŋ maɣmaɣ eʋe taa nɛ pɔyɔɔdʊʊ se [e'βe] yaa Eʋegbe. Kɩ-kɛ gbe taa kpeɣluu kʊnʊŋ Kwa waa tɛ kʊnʊmɩŋ. Ahʊna kʊnʊŋ pɔyɔɔdʊʊ-kʊ Kana ɛjaɖɛ taa nɛ Kootidiivʊwarɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa nɛ Togo ɛjaɖɛ taa nɛ Peenɛɛ ɛjaɖɛ taa. Kʊyɔɔdɩyaa talɩ ɛyaa miiliyɔɔ waa lʊbɛ nɛ pʊyɔɔ mbʊ yɔ pɩnaɣ 1991 taa. Ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ gbe kʊnʊmɩŋ lɛɛŋ Ahʊna yɔɔdaɣ wɛ camɩyɛ. Ahʊna kʊnʊŋ yiiduu paɖooye agɔma nɛ ahʊndʊ yaa Kwa kʊnʊmɩŋ lɛɛŋ ɛzɩ Abbey-ahʊna yaa Abévé yaa ɛwuujɛ nɛ pɩwɩlɩʊ se weyi ɛyɔɔdʊʊ Abé-ahʊna ŋgʊ kɩ-kɛ ki-maɣmaɣ yɔ yiiduu ɛ-tɩ nɛ Fɔŋ (Fɔŋgbɛ). Ɛyaa hɛkʊʊ taa kʊnʊŋ, ŋgʊ ɖɩyaɣ se ahʊna mbʊ yɔ, Loma tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ taa pakɩlɩʊʊ-kʊ yɔɔdʊʊ. Ɖɩkpaɣ Afrika kedeŋga yɔ kɔyɔ ahʊna kʊnʊŋ pamana aseɣɖe tɔm takayaasɩ sɩŋ pɩkɔzɩna Diedrich Hermann Westermann tʊma labʊ yɔ. Ɛnʊ weyi ɛlɩza ahʊna tɔm kpoŋ nɛ tɔm tʊʊzʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ nɛ ɖɔɖɔ Gbe kʊnʊmɩŋ lɛɛŋ taa. Kʊnʊmɩŋ kpɛlɛkɩyaa taa lɛɛlaa ɖʊ nesi ahʊna kʊnʊŋ kpɛlɛkʊ ñɩnʊʊ taa. Mba yɔ Gilbert Ansre laba nɔɔ wiluu nɛ tɔmpe cɔɔlʊʊ. Hounkpati B Capo laba nɔɔ wiluu kpɛlɛʊʊ nɛ nɔɔ pɩɩɩ kpɛlɛkʊʊ. Herbert Stahlke laba tɔmʊʊ maʊ nɛ nɔɔ ɖoŋ kpɛlɛkʊʊ.
Roberto Pazzi laba ɛyʊ kpɛlɛkʊʊ nɛ tɔmɩŋ tɔbɩŋ takayaɣ maʊʊ kpɛlɛkʊʊ. Félix K. Ameka laba tɔmɩŋ tɔbʊ kpɛlɛkʊʊ nɛ kʊnʊŋ kpɛlɛkʊʊ tɩlɩʊ. Alan Stewart Duthie laba tɔmɩŋ tɔbʊ kpɛlɛkʊʊ nɛ nɔɔ wiluu kpɛlɛkʊʊ. Flavien Gbéto laba nɔɔ kʊyʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ.
You
You, pʊtɔbʊʊ se pɩkɛ kaɖɛ tɔm natʊyʊ ndʊ poyouna you wondu yɔ. Pɩkɛ you ŋgʊ kʊwɛ ɛyaa hɛkʊ taa pɩtɩnŋa politiki lɩmaɣza ɛzɩ ajɛyɛ hɛkɩŋ taa nɛ pɩpɩsɩɣ koyondiye kpem ɛyaa hɛkɩŋ taa. You pɩzɩɣ kɩla ɖɔɖɔ ɛyaa kʊyʊma hɛkɩŋ taa lone kʊyʊmɖɩyɛ taa yaa ɛjaɖɛ kʊyʊmɖɩyɛ taa, mbʊ pɔyɔɔdʊʊ yaa payaɣ you ŋgʊ se ɖama hɛkʊ taa you, kʊnʊmɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ tɩna pɩzɩɣ poyo, ɛyaa kʊyʊ ɖɔɖɔ lalaa yɔɔ, ajɛyɛ you naa ɖama ɖɔɖɔ. Yoŋ nɛ ɛ-tɛ wondu wɛna paɣtʊ yaa waɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩfɛyɩ keeke, you paɣtʊ, pɩsana kedeŋga samaɣ kiɖe. Paɣtʊ takayasɩ nzɩ sɩɖʊna ɛzɩma pɩkɛna yɔ, pazɩtʊ, wondu ndʊ palana you ŋgʊ. Pʊcɔ you pazɩ lɛ, ñɩŋʊʊ nabʊyʊ wɛʊ, pana paɣtʊ takayaɣ wɛɛ, pazɩtʊ takayaɣ wɛɛ.
Afrika Hadɛ Kiŋ
Paa nɛ Apartheid hɩɖɛ ɛɛtasɩɣ yaʊ kaʊ kɔyɔ, tɛyɩtʊ ndʊ tɩɩtɩɩwɛɛ ɛyaa kɩlʊmaa nɛ kɩkpɛɛdaa pɛhɛkʊ taa yɔ, tʊtʊ ñɛwɛ mbʊ tam. Paa nɛ mbʊ yɔ, Afrika ajɛya kpeekpe taa lɛ, Afrika wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa kɛ tɔsʊʊ huu kɩlɩna ɖɛwʊ nɛ ɛsɩndaa nɛ laatriki mɩŋ, habɛɛ yaa mbʊ mbʊ pɩwɛ tɛtʊ sʊsɔtʊ taa payɩ yɔ, pɩwɛ paa hɔɔlʊʊ ŋgʊ lɛ kɩ-taa kɛ peeɖe.
You
Ɛlɛ pɩtɩŋɛ payi mbʊ yɔ pɩpɩzɩ pɩcaɣ yem pɩtɩŋna kizitu natʊyʊ yɔɔ, ɛgbaɣdɩyɛ labʊ yɔɔ, tɩ pɩsɩnaʊ, nɩnaʊ takayasɩ labʊ ɛzɩ tisuu yaa kizuu yaa wabɩtʊ ajɛyɛ lɛna yɔɔ, kɩma kɩhɛyɩŋ nɛ laŋhɛzɩyɛ labʊ kɔɔ pʊwayi.
Afrika Hadɛ Kiŋ
=Kɩ-ɖɩwɛyɛ=
You
Lɛɣtʊ ndʊ palakɩ nɛ pʊcɔ papazɩ you yɔ payaɣ se lɔŋ, wabɩtʊ lɛɣtʊ payaɣ se tɩlɩyɛ, mbʊ pʊyɔɔ nɛ pʊcɔ you paɣzɩ yɔ payaɣ kpɛlɛkɩtʊ tɩlɩna Latɛŋ kʊnʊŋ taa polemos nɛ pʊtɔbʊʊ se you nɛ tɩ yɔɔ kadɩnaɣ logos tɔbʊʊ se kpɛlɛkʊʊ. Carl von Clausewitz cɔlɔ lɛ, you kɛ wɛtʊ lɛtʊ ndʊ tɩɖɛʊ wobu yɔɔ wobu yɔɔ pɩtɩŋna laɣsɩ naa ndɩ ndɩ yɔɔ yɔ, ŋgʊ Carl Schmitt ñɔtɔŋ se politiki ŋgʊ kʊtɔsɔɔlɩ you lɩɣna ɛzɩma ɖɩtɛyɩɣ ɛgbaadɩna nɛ koyondina yɔ. Gaston Bouthoul cɔlɔ lɛ, you kɛ ɖama kʊyɩnaʊ nɛ pɩwɛna laɣsɩ nzɩ pasɩma-zɩ pɩlɩna mba pacaɣ labʊ you ŋgʊ nɛ mba pacaɣ-kʊ labɩnaʊ yɔ. Mbʊ lɛ, pɩwɛna lone nɛ alɩwaatʊ ndʊ tɩ yɔɔ palakɩ you ŋgʊ yɔ nɛ pɩwɛna paɣtʊ ndʊ tɩlɩna tɔm hʊya cɔlɔ. Paɣtʊ ndʊ tɩlɛzɩɣ pɩtɩŋna lona wena a-taa palakɩ yɔu nɛ wɛɛ wena a-taa palakɩ you ŋgʊ yɔ. Kpaagba ñɩŋʊ ŋgʊ pasɩma-kʊ nɛ calɩm kpɛɖʊʊ sakɩyɛ, mbʊ pʊyɔɔ patɩkʊ ɛyaa kɔyɔ pɩwɩlɩɣ se pɛkɛzɩɣ ɖama kɩkɛzɩɣ nɛ tɔm.
Afrika Hadɛ Kiŋ
Tʊma sɔsɔna hɔɔlɩŋ
=Caanaʊ tɔm= =Politiki nɛ tʊma ndɩ ndɩ=
Kɩɖaʊ kɛdɛɛka
=Samaɣ ̃nʊʊ=
Ɛsɔ nʊmɔʊ
=Sɔnzɩ=
Ɛjaɖɛ wɛtʊ
=Ɩcɔna ɖɔɖɔ=
Filimwaa mba pawɩlɩɣ-kʊ yɔ
=Takayɩhayʊʊ tɛɛ tɔm nɛ tɩ-ɖɩnayɛ= =Tɔm lɛɛtʊ= =Awayɩ kpasɩ=
Egbele
Kabɩyɛ taa lɛ, tʋkaɣ nakayɩ wɛ pazɩ: egbele yaa neŋ kɛna halʋ yaa ɖoyo liɖe taa mba ɛkɩlɩ-wɛ yɔ. Halʋ ɖala yaa ɛ-kɔɔnaa lɛ payaɣ-ɛ se cɔzɔnaa yaa nezenaa. Pɔdɔŋ Kabɩyɛ taa se hɩnɛ cɩyʋ kodiye ɛɛcɩyʋ yaa pʋtɔbʋʋ kɛlɛ se caanaa hiu, egbele kʋɖʋm. Pɔyɔɔda mbʋ yɔ, pɩkɛna se paa halʋ ɛɛwɛna walaa ɛzɩma nɛ piya ɛzɩma yɔ, piyaa tɩŋa kʋyʋʋ lɛ, egele kʋɖʋm yaa neŋ kʋɖʋm tɛ kɛ sɩwoki. Kabɩyɛ taa lɛ, kooʋ ñʋʋ nɛ kɩ-ñɔsɩ wɛ egbele yaa neŋ nesi tɛɛ.
Egbele nɛ neŋ pɛwɛna ɖoŋ tɩŋa kɛ koou yɔɔ nɛ pɩkɛna-wɛ kɩjɛyʋ se pɛcɛyɩ pa-tɩ nɛ po-koowiya hiu pa-tɩ camɩyɛ. Piyebina nɛ pɔtɔŋ kʋtɔmɩyɛ se: egbele tɔkɩna koou. Pɩwɛɛ mbʋlɛ, kabɩyɛtʋ sɩma; mbʋ pʋyɔɔ yɔ, pɩtaawɛɛ mbʋ kɔyɔ halʋ taakɛ pʋyʋ nɔɔyʋ. Mbʋ pʋyɔɔ yɔ, alɩwaatʋ ndʋ halʋ walʋʋ lɛ, ɛlɛɣzɩɣ hɔʋ nɛ hɩɖɛ. Ɛlɛ yee wiɖii nabʋyʋ ɛlaba nɛ walʋ wɛɛ kʋñɔŋ taa yaa ɛfɛyɩ kɔyɔ, abalʋ hɔʋ taa mba pɔcɔŋna piya yaa sulaa yɔɔ camɩyɛ se pɩtaakɛdɩ nɛ egbele yaa neŋ taa wɩɩ yaa ɛñɩŋɩ. Egbele ɛfɛyɩ, paalakɩ koou kɛ sɔnzɩ nasɩyɛ. Sɔnzɩ ɖeɖe egbele cɛlɩɣna sɩɣa kɛ weyi ɛkɔ kpɩnɛ yɔ nɛ pehiziɣ nɛ pɛtɛ lɛ pɛcɛlɩ-ɩ hamʋʋ. Paalakɩ koou kɛ sɔnzɩ nasɩyɛ nɛ neŋ fɛyɩ ɖɔɖɔ. Peeɖe panaɣ ɖɔɖɔ se halʋ ɛfɛyɩ nabʋyʋ ɛɛpɩzɩɣ pɩla nɛ pɩwɛɛ ɖeu. Pɩtɛkɛ sɔnzɩ ɖeɖe yeke kɛ egbelinaa nɛ neŋnaa ɖʋʋ pɔnɔsɩ. Yee palakɩ koou kɛ ñaŋ kɔyɔ, pɩkɛna egbele yaa neŋ se ɛmʋ e-koou nɛ ɛsɩɩ ɛcɔlɔ aliwaatʋ cabɩ. Yee pɩwɩɣ koou nɔɔyʋ kɔyɔ, egbele yɛlɩɣna tɩwa nɛ ɛna se ɛbɛ lakɩ-ɩ nɛ yee pɩkɛ sɩm ɖɔɖɔ kɔyɔ, ɛñɩnɩɣ pazɩyʋ se ɛtɩlɩ mbʋ pʋkʋ e-koou yɔ.
Lesoto
Lezoto kɛna Afrika nɛ hadɛ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ nɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ-taa nɛ pʊŋ nɛ teŋu nakʊyʊ fɛyɩ ɖɩ-cɔlɔ. Ɖooo lɛ Piritaniki kakpacayaɣna-ɖɩ pɩkɔɔ pɩsɩɩna ɖɩ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ pɩnaɣ 1966. Peeɖe ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊtʊ kɔyɔ Letsie III nɛ kewiyaɣ ñʊʊtʊ yɔ Pakalitha Mosisili. Tetʊ sɔsɔtʊ yɔ Maseru. Lezoto taa ɛyaa kpɛndɩ miliyɔɔna naalɛ nɛ kristu mba kɩlɩna ɖɔʊ. Kʊnʊmɩŋ naalɛ pɔyɔɔdɩɣ peeɖe: Angilisinɛ lezoto.
Pɩnaɣ 1820 kɛ wiyau Moshoeshoe Ier nɛ ɛkpɛndɩ Sotowaa cejewa kpeekpe se pɩwa-ɩ ɖɔŋ nɛ ɛkaɖɩna Suuluuwaa. Nɛ pɩla mbʊ ɖɔɖɔ.