cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Komiinism
Pɩnaɣ 1919 taa Lénin nɛ ɛ-wayɩ tɩŋɩyaa paya Komiinizim se "Komintɛrn". Mbʋ yɔ, pɔsɔɔlaa se Komiinizim aŋgba tɩŋa ɩla nɔɔ kʋɖʋmaɣ. Pɩnaɣ 1922 taa "URSS" ɛjaɖɛ n̄ɔɔ. Nɖɩ cɔŋnana Komiitɛrn aŋgba tɩŋa yɔɔ. Aŋgba naayɛ kʋyɩ Komiitɛrn ŋgbɛyɛ yɔɔ, ɛlɛ ɖɩɖɩ wɛɛ ɖɩɖɛɣna ɛsɩndaa ɖɛnaʋ yɔɔ. Aŋgba wena akʋyɩ Komiitɛrn ŋgbɛyɛ yɔɔ yɔ, a-taa lɛ ɖɩnaɣ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ se "Gauche Koministi" yɔ. Pʋwayɩ lɛ, ɖɩnaɣ nɖɩ payaɣ ɖɩɖɩ se "Trotskysme" yɔ. Lénine sɩm wayɩ lɛ, weyi payaɣ se Joseph Staline yɔ, ɛlɛ yaa ɛ-tɩ se URSS ɛjaɖɛ n̄ʋʋdʋ nɛ eɖiyiɣ Komiitɛrn ŋgbɛyɛ.
Kedeŋa kpeekpe you naalɛn̄ɩŋgʋ lɩwa lɛ, URSS ɖʋ taabalɩyɛ nɛ Caama ɛjaɖɛ nɛ panɩɩna ɖama se pataala ɖama you. Ɛlɛ, Caama ɛjaɖɛ maana taabalɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-yɔɔ nɛ ɖɩkʋyɩ URSS ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ nɛ ɖɩla-ɖɩ you. Pʋ-yɔɔ URSS sɔɔjanaa lʋba siŋŋ nɛ mbʋ payaɣ se "nazisme" yɔ, pɩtɛɖɛɛna ɛsɩndaa caŋŋ. URSS ɛjaɖɛ kɔma ɖɩpɩsɩ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-sɔɔjanaa kɩlɩ ɖoŋ kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔ pɩnaɣ 1945 wayɩ. Pʋ-yɔɔ kɩmʋ ajɛɛ ndɩ ndɩ Eerɔpʋ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ taa nɛ alɛ pɩsɩ Komiinizim ajɛɛ nɛ URSS nɛ yɛ pala nɔɔ kʋɖʋmaɣ. Siini ɛjaɖɛ pɩsɩ Komiinizim n̄ɩnɖɛ pɩnaɣ 1949. Kimiinizim ajɛɛ labʋ nɔɔ kʋɖʋmaɣ yɔ yebina nɛ kedeŋa kpeekpe ajɛɛ tɛyɩ ɖama huwa ndɩ ndɩ. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se you nakʋyʋ kɛwɛ tɛndɛŋa tɛɛ URSS ɛjaɖɛ nɛ ajɛɛ lɛɛna wena akizi Komiinizim lɩmaɣzɛ yɔ a-hɛkʋ taa. Ajɛɛ ana a-taa lɛ, ajɛɛ wena akpɛndɩ kpɛm Amerika tɛtʋ taa nɛ payaɣ-yɛ se Etaazuunii ɛjaɖɛ yɔ, nɖɩ kakɩlɩna ɖoŋ kedeŋa kpeekpe. Pʋ-yɔɔ ɖɩlʋbɩna siŋŋ URSS ɛjaɖɛ. Siini ɛjaɖɛ nɛ Sovietiki n̄ɩnɖɛ pɛ-hɛkʋ taa taabalɩyɛ cɛba lɛ, Mao Zedong yele nɛ ɛ-ɛjaɖɛ Siini lʋ lʋbɩyɛ naɖɩyɛ nɛ ndɩ kpem. Komiinizim kɔma kɩkpa ɖoŋ kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ lɛ, ɛjɛɛ sakɩyɛ sʋʋ kɩ-taa. Kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ ajɛɛ naanza yɔɔ lɛ, ɛjaɖɛ kʋɖʋmɖɩyɛ wɛ Komiinizim taa.
URSS ɖaɣnɩ cɔlʋʋ ɛ-tɔsʋʋ nɛ politiki pa-nʋmɔŋ pɩnaɣ 1980 taa. Ɛlɛ, kɩ-nʋmɔŋ kɩfaŋ ɩnʋ iyele nɛ pɩtɛzɩ ɖʋzʋʋ Eerɔpa tɛtʋ taa ajɛɛ wena awɛ Komiinizim taa yɔ kʋɖʋzʋʋ kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 1989 nɛ puwolo pɩnaɣ 1991. Pitisa Komiinism ajɛɛ hadɛ kpem, ɛlɛ, atamɩzɩ ɖama, atelesi Komiinizim lɩmaɣzɛ. A-taa naayɛ lɛɣzɩ hɩla nɛ a-taa lɛɛna n̄ɔɖɔkɩ a-n̄ɩna ḿbʋ. Halɩ nɛ sɔnɔ Komiinizim wɛ Kuubaa nɛ Fɩyɛtɩnaam nɛ Laos nɛ Koree nɛ Hayʊ kiŋ pa-ajɛɛ taa. Kedeŋa yɔɔ ajɛɛ tɩŋa taa lɛ, Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa ɛyaa kɩlɩna ɖɔʋ ajɛɛ lɛɛna taa n̄ɩma. Halɩ nɛ sɔnɔ mbʋ yɔ, Komiinizim ŋgbɛyɛ taa ɛyaa ɖiyiɣna-ɖɩ. Tadɩyɛ nʋmɔʋ taa lɛ, Siini ɛjaɖɛ tɔsʋʋ ɖɛ ɛsɩndaa siŋŋ, pʋ-yɔɔ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ, ɖɩwɛ kedeŋa yɔɔ cɩnɛ ajɛɛ wena a-tɔsʋʋ kɩlɩ ɖɛʋ nɛ ɛsɩndaa yɔ a-taa.
Komiinizim ajɛɛ yeba nɛ pɛfɛyɩɣ ɛyʋ waɖɛ yɔɔ siŋŋ, mbʋ yɔ, aatisiɣ se aŋgba ɛn̄ɔ pʋɖɔɔ nɛ paa weyi ɛkɔna ɛ-lɩmaɣzɛ. Ajɛɛ ana a-taa lɛ, Komiinizim ŋgbɛyɛ ɖeke wɛna nɛ kɩhaɣ kɩ-paɣtʋ. Ɖɩkpaɣ ɛzɩ URSS nɛ Siini pa-ajɛɛ kɔyɔ, ɖɩnaɣ se a-n̄ʋndɩnaa, Staline nɛ Mao Setu, peyeba nɛ pakʋ ɛyaa miiliyɔɔwaa sakɩyɛ. Pʋwɛ kaɖɛ se ɛyʋ ɛtɩlɩ camɩyɛ mbʋ Komiinizim ajɛɛ wɛɛka kpem yɔ pɩtɩŋa, mbʋ yɔ a-lakasɩ taa nɛ toota. Takayɩsɩ nzɩ pʋwɛɛ se pɔcɔna sɩ-taa nɛ pana mbʋ Komiinizim ajɛɛ laba ɖenɖe yɔ, sɩ-n̄ɩnʋʋ wɛɛ kaɖɛ. Tɛndɛŋa tɛɛ you ŋgʋ kɩwɛ ajɛɛ naayɛ hɛkʋ taa yɔ kɩhɛwa. Takayɩsɩ nzɩ, pukuli sɩ-yɔɔ. Pʋ-yɔɔ papɩzaa patazɩ Komiinizim ajɛɛ lakasɩ taa ɖeu nɛ pana mbʋ alaba yɔ camɩyɛ. Ɛlɛ, piliɣtiɣ n̄ɩnɩnaa ajɛɛ ana a-lakasɩ tɔm taa tazʋʋ kpem.
Kedeŋga Kpeekpe Yɔɔ Ɛyʊ Wala Tɔm
KUBUUZUTU
Yee ɖitisaa se pʊmʊna ɛyaa se pɛwɛɛ kɩmaŋ wala ɛsɩndaa nɛ pɩkɛna wazaɣpʊyʊ kɔyɔ, ɖitisaa ɖɔɖɔ se peeɖe ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ tɩ-yɔɔ wɛʊ, toovonum nɛ lahɛzɩyɛpalɩɣna;
Ɖɩnaa se ɛyʊ wala tɔm kɩɩsɩŋ nɛ tɩ-yɔɔ kɩɩɖɔŋ palabɩna nɛ kɩwɛɛkɩm tɔyɩ nɛpɩcɛyɩɣ ɛyaa. Mbʊ pacaɣ se ɛjaɖɛ ɛlɛɣzɩ wɛtʊ, ɛyaa wɛɛ pa-tɩ yɔɔ, pɔyɔɔdʊʊ yem faaa nɛ pɩwɩlɩ se palɩ kʊñɔŋ taa, sɔɔndʊ ɛɛtasɩɣ-wɛ kpaʊ;
Yee waɖɛ kewiyaɣ ɛkandayɩɣ ɛyʊ wala yɔɔ camɩyɛ kɔyɔ, wiɖiyi pɩɩkaɣ ɛyʊ ɛnʊkɛnaʊ kɩjɛyʊʊ se ɛkʊyɩ kewiyaɣ ŋga kɔ-yɔɔ se kalakɩ-ɩ ñaŋ;
Pʊwɛ camɩyɛ se pasɩna ajɛya, akpeeti nɛ ala taabalɩyɛ ɖʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ ɖeu nɛpuhuuna-yɛ;
Ɖinaa se ajɛya kɩgbɛndʊʊ ŋgbɛyɛ paɣtʊ takayaɣ taa kɛ ɛyaa kpeekpe tasɩ tisuuɛyʊ wala nɛ ɛ-wazaɣ pɔ-tɔm, nɛ pɔtɔ se abalaa nɛ halaa pɛwɛ kɩmaŋ wala ana a-ɛsɩndaa; mbʊ labɩna nɛ paka ñʊʊ se pekpeetiɣ samaɣ sɩnaʊ tʊmɩyɛ yɔɔ nɛ pɩsa pɛwɛɛ pa-tɩ yɔɔ camɩyɛ;
Ajɛya kɩgbɛdʊʊ ŋgbɛyɛ taa ajɛya tisaa se alakɩ nɛ ɛyaa kpeekpe ña ɛyʊ wala, ɛlɛpʊwɛɛ se ŋgbɛyɛ ɛɖʊ-yɛ nisi;
MBƱ AJƐYA KIGBƐNDƱƱ ŊGBƐYƐ KEDIƔZAƔ SƆSƆƆ TƆM SE:
KEDEŊGA KPEEKPE YƆƆ ƐYƱ WALA TƆM tʊnɛ tɩkɛ ajɛya wena kedeŋga kpeekpe yɔɔ ɛyʊ wala tɔm wɛ a-ñʊŋ taa yɔ a-lɩmaɣzɩyɛ; nɛ pɩsa acɛyɩ a-tɩ, akuliŋgbɛyɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖa-ajɛya ɛyaa nɛ ajɛya lɛɛna ɛyaa ɛsɛ nɛ paña ɛyʊ wala nɛ ɛ-tɩ yɔɔwɛʊ tɔm.
Hɔɔlaɣ 2
Paa ɛyʊ weyi, ɛkɛ kɩsɛm, kɩkpɛdʊ, kʊhʊlʊm, ñɩmdʊ, kɛdɛyaɣ, paa ɛkɛ cɔɔcɩ ŋgʊkɩ-taa tʊ, ɛlaɣ sɩɩnaa, ɛpɩzɩɣ ɛtɔ se kedeŋga kpeekpe yɔɔ ɛyʊ wala wena pɔyɔɔdɩa-tɔm cɩellnɛ yɔ, akɛ ɖɔɖɔ ɛ-ñɩna.
Mbʊ ɖɔɖɔ paa ɛyʊ ɛlɩna le, ɛkɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩwɛ ɖɩ-tɩ yɔɔ yɔ, ɖɩfɛyɩ ɖɩ-tɩ yɔɔ yɔ ɖɩ- taa tʊ, yaa ɖɩ-poliitikii kɛ ŋgʊ, paapɩzɩɣ pɔtɔ se ɛyʊ wala tɔm tʊnɛ tɩdataɣna-ɩ.
Hɔɔlaɣ 3
Paa anɩ, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se ɛwɛɛna wezuu, ɛwɛɛ ɛ-tɩ yɔɔ nɛ ɛkandayɩ ɛ-tɩ yɔɔ.
Hɔɔlaɣ 4
Pɩfɛyɩ se nɔɔyʊ ɛwɛɛ yomiye taa; ɛlɛ padaaɖʊ-ɩ ɖɔɖɔ kʊñɔŋ. Pekizi yomiye tɔm.
Hɔɔlaɣ 5
Pɩfɛyɩ se paɖʊ nɔɔyʊ kʊñɔŋ, pɛkpɛŋgɛsɩ-ɩ, yaa palabɩ-ɩ mbʊ pɩdamʊna se palaɛyʊ yɔ.
Hɔɔlaɣ 6
Paa anɩ, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se paa le, paya-ɩ se caa akele.
Hɔɔlaɣ 7
Ɛyaa kpeekpe wɛ kɩmaŋ paɣtʊ ɛsɩndaa nɛ pɛwɛɛna waɖɛ ɖɔɖɔ se paɣtʊ ɛkandayɩ pɔ-yɔɔ kɩmaŋ. Yee palakɩ-wɛ nabʊyʊ nɛ pɩfɛyɩ ɖeu, yaa pɩɩɖɔŋ paɣtʊ nʊmaʊ ta, pɩwɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ se pakandayɩ pɔ-yɔɔ kɩmaŋ.
Hɔɔlaɣ 8
Paa anɩ, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se pacaɣ-ɩ tɔm yaa pomuluu-i faŋŋŋ wala wena paɣtʊ ha-ɩ yɔ a-nʊmaʊ taa, ewolo eheyi ɛjaɖɛ taa tɔm hʊyaa.
Hɔɔlaɣ 9
Paapɩzɩɣ pakpa nɔɔyʊ faŋŋ paɖɩɣ yaa pɛkɛzɩ-ɩ tɛtʊ.
Hɔɔlaɣ 10
Yee pakpa ɛyʊ nɔɔyʊ se ɛlabɩ nabʊyʊ, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se pahʊʊ ɛ-tɔm fayɩɩ nɛpana; tiɖeɣ yaa tɩsɩkɩ.
Hɔɔlaɣ 12
Pɩfɛyɩ ɖeu se ɛyʊ nɔɔyʊ ɛɖʊ ɛ-nɔɔ lɛlʊ tɔm taa yem yem.
Hɔɔlaɣ 15
1. Paaɛyʊweyi,ɛwɛnawaɖɛseɛyaaɛjaɖɛnaɖɩyɛseɛ-tɛ.
Hɔɔlaɣ 18
Paa anɩ, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se elɩzɩ ɛ-lɩmaɣza faaa, ɛtɩŋ ɛsɔ tɔm nʊmaʊ ŋgʊ ɛsɔɔlaa yɔ. Pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se waɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖiyekina nɛ ɛyʊ pɩzɩ eyele ɛsɔ tɔm nʊmaʊ nakʊyʊ nɛ ɛtɩŋ
lɛɛkʊ, ɛpɩzɩ ɛwɩlɩ ɛsɔ tɔm nʊmaʊ ŋgʊ ɛtɩŋgɩɣ-kʊ yo kʊ-tɔm lalaa faaa; paa ɛwɛ e-ɖeke yaa ɛ nɛ lalaa, ɛpɩzɩɣ ɛla pʊ-tʊmɩyɛ.
Hɔɔlaɣ 19
Paa ɛyʊ weyi, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se ɛyɔɔdɩ faaa ndʊ ɛmaɣzɩɣ yɔ; pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se sɔɔndʊ ɛdaakpa ɛyʊ nɔɔyʊ se ɛɛyɔɔdɩ natʊyʊ nɛ palabɩ-ɩ nabʊyʊ. Pʊ-tɔbʊʊ ɖɔɖɔ se ɛyʊwɛna waɖɛ se ɛkɛdɩ lalaa ndʊ ɛsɩma, ɛnaa yaa ɛnɩwa yɔ.
Hɔɔlaɣ 20
1. Paaanɩ,ɛwɛnawaɖɛseewolokediɣzaɣnɛɛwɛɛnaŋgbɛyɛ.
Eiffel Tilimiye Sɔsɔɖɛ
Eiffel Tilimiye Sɔsɔɖɛ kɛna fer puddlé tɛ tilimiye sɔsɔʋ. Kɩ-kʋkʋyɩmɩŋ talɩɣ ɛzɩ mɛtɛwaa kudokiŋ nasɩdozo nɛ hiŋ naalɛ nɛ naanaza (324) mbʋ yɔ. Nɛ kuduyuu kʋnɛ kʋ-n̄ʋʋda nɛ mbʋ payaɣ se antɛnɩɩ. Kuduyuu kʋnɛ yɔ, kɩwɛ Paarii tɛtʋ taa. Paarii tɛtʋ kɛŋna Fransɩ ɛjaɖɛ tɛtʋ sʋsɔtʋ.
Ɖajaa Gustave Eiffel nɛ ɛ-sɩnɩyaa pamana Eiffel tilimiye kʋnɛ.
Pama-kʋ size palɩzɩ Paarii tɛtʋ nɛ pele kedeŋa kpeekpe ɛsɩndaa. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se pɔsɔɔlɩ se kpeekpe yɔɔ ajɛya kpeekpe ɛtɩlɩ-kʋ. Pɩnaɣ 1889 ñɩŋa taa pelema Paarii tɛtʋ ndʋʋ kedeŋa ɛsɩndaa. Eiffel kuduyuu sɔsɔʋ kʋnɛ, pacalɩ-kʋ maʋ lɛ, payaa-kʋ se mɛtɛwaa nasɩdozo (300) kuduyuu.
Kɩwɛ Paarii tɛtʋ nɛ hayi kiŋ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʋyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ taa. Kuduyuu sɔsɔʋ kʋnɛ kɩñɔtɩna Fransɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa awayɩ wondu kaɖaɣ ŋga payaɣ se lakɩŋ fenaɣ hayɩm yɔ kpam. Eiffel kuduyuu sɔsɔʋ pɩsɩ Paarii tɛtʋ kumoɖe.
Kedeŋa kpeekpe ɛsɩyɛ egbena lona tɩŋa taa payɩ lɛ, Fransɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa Ɛsɔ sɛtʋ kpaaŋ sɔsɔʋ ŋgʋ payaɣ se  Paarii tɛtʋ taa Ɖoɖoo  yɔ kɩ-taa ɛyaa kɩlɩɣ wonaʋ ɛsɩyɛ egbena. Kɩ-taa kedeŋa kpeekpe caanaʋ wondu ndɩ ndɩ kɩlɩ wɛʋ. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se kɩ-taa pasɩ caanaʋ wondu sɔsɔtʋ sɔsɔtʋ. Pɩnaɣ taa ɛyaa mba powokina ɛsɩyɛ egbena kɩ-taa yɔ, patalɩ ɛyaa miiliyɔɔ waa hiu nɛ naadozo nɛ ɛyaa loɖo mbʋ yɔ.
Kɩ-wayɩ lɛ, Eiffel kuduyuu tɩŋɩna. Kpaɣna patʋlʋʋ kɩ-nɔnɔsɩ nɛ sɔnɔ yɔ, ɛyaa miiliyɔɔ waa nasɩdozo nɛ pɩɖɛɛ pʋ-yɔɔ tɛmna sʋnaʋ ɛsɩyɛ egbena kɩ-taa.
Pɩnaɣ 2011 ñɩŋa taa ɛyaa miiliyɔɔ waa lʋbɛ nɛ kʋɖʋm woŋna ɛsɩyɛ egbena Eiffel kuduyuu sɔsɔʋ taa. Agɔma, pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se mba pɛtɛkɛ Fransɩ ɛjaɖɛ ñɩma yɔ pakɩlɩɣna wonaʋ ɛsɩyɛ egbena Eiffel kuduyuu sɔsɔʋ taa. Pɩnaɣ 2011 taa, ɛyaa kpeekpe mba powoba ɛsɩyɛ egbena naʋ Eiffel kuduyuu sɔsɔʋ taa yɔ, ɛyaa mɩnʋʋ yɔɔ lɛ, ɛyaa 75 kɛ agɔma.
Ɛsɔ sɛtʋ kuduyuu sɔsɔʋ ŋgʋ payaɣ se Paarii tɛtʋ taa Ɖoɖoo yɔ nɛ Eiffel kuduyuu peyeki nɛ Fransɩ ɛjaɖɛ tɔsʋʋ ɖɛɣna ɛsɩndaa pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ. Toovenum lɛ, ɛyʋ hɛyɩɣ liidiye nɛ pʋcɔ ewona ɛsɩyɛ egbena yɔ, ɖɩtɛkɛ cikpeɖe.taa.
Kedeŋga Kpeekpe Yɔɔ Ɛyʊ Wala Tɔm
Hɔɔlaɣ 20
2. Pɩfɛyɩsepakpanɔɔyʊnɛɖoŋseɛsʊʊŋgbɛyɛnaɖɩyɛtaa.
Hɔɔlaɣ 22
Paa ɛyʊ weyi, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se samaɣ ɛkandayɩ ɛ-yɔɔ. Kandayʊʊ mbʊ piyekina nɛ ɛyʊ wɛɛ ɛ-tɩ yɔɔ, ɛhɛzɩ ñɩm nɛ ɛsɛkuliye pa-ñɩnʊʊ nʊmaʊ taa.
Hɔɔlaɣ 24
Paa anɩ, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se ɛhɛzɩ nɛ ɛcalasɩ ɛ-ɛsɛ, padaakɩlɩ-ɩ nazʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ taa;ɛwɛna waɖɛ ɖɔɖɔ se paa pɩnaɣ ŋga, paha-ɩ fenaɣ kʊɖʊmaɣ, ɛhɛzɩ nɛ pɛtɛ pɛhɛyɩ-ɩ ke-liidiya.
Hɔɔlaɣ 28
Paa anɩ, ɛwɛna waɖɛ se ɛñaɣ pana nɛ yɛɖɛyɛɖɛtʊ ɛdaawɛ ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ, ɛzɩpɔyɔɔdʊʊ kedeŋga kpeekpe yɔɔ ɛyʊ wala tɔm takayaɣ taa yɔ.
Hɔɔlaɣ 30
Kedeŋga kpeekpe yɔɔ ɛyʊ wala tɔm tʊnɛ, tɩ-taa tʊ kpayɩ kpayɩ. Ɛyʊ nɔɔyʊ fɛyɩ ɛtɔŋ se hɔɔlʊʊ kʊnɛ, yaa ŋgʊ yɔ, kʊtɔŋna se padaaña wala naayɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ,yaa nɖɩ yɔ ɖɩ-taa.
Flandɩ kʊnʊŋ
Flandɩ kʊnʊŋ kɛ Flandɩ ɛyaa tɛ tɩmʊʊ taa lʊlʊʊ kʊnʊŋ nɛ kɩ-kɛ ɖɔɖɔ kʊnʊŋ naalɛ ŋgʊ pɔyɔɔdʊʊ-kʊ ageeta taa ɛzɩ ɖama hɛkʊ taa kʊnʊŋ Afrika tɩmɩŋ lila lɛɛna taa. Ajɛyɛ wena a-ta pɔyɔɔdʊʊ kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ yɔ atalɩ ɛzɩ nɛɛlɛ mbʊ yɔ Afrika nɛ Wɩsɩ Ɖɩɖʊyɛ nɛ Hɛkʊ taa kɩŋ, ada kɔyɔ Senegaalɩ nɛ Maalii nɛ Moritaanii nɛ Kambii nɛ Kinee-Konakrii nɛ Kameruni nɛ Nizɛɛrɩ nɛ Purkina Fasoo nɛ Caadɩ nɛ Naajeeriya nɛ Siyeeraa Leyɔɔnɩ nɛ Sudaanɩ nɛ Senegaalɩ pɔɔ kidemiŋ yɔ nɛ Niili Pɔɔ yɔ. Flandɩ kʊnʊŋ kɛ Toucouleurs waa lʊlʊʊ taa kʊnʊŋ Seneegaalɩ pɔɔ kɩmalakʊ sɔsɔʊ taa nɛ Flandɩ ɛyaa mba pɛwɛ Nɩzɛɛrɩ pɔɔ handala fɛɛʊ pɩtaa ñɩŋgʊ ŋgʊ kɩwɛ Malii ɛjaɖɛ taa yɔ ŋgʊ payaɣ se Macina. Payaɣ kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ hɩla ndɩ ndɩ mbʊ ɖɩnaɣ yɔ. Seneegaalɩ nɛ Moriitaanii ajɛyɛ taa mba ya-kʊ se Pulaar. Kinee (Fouta Djalon) mba ya-kʊ se Pular. Seneegaalɩ Wɩsɩ Ɖɩɖʊyɛ (Fouladou) ageeta taa mba ya-kʊ se foulacounda.
Wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa ajɛyɛ anɛyɔ Adamawa Kameruni nɛ Malii nɛ Nɩzɛɛrɩ nɛ Caadɩ nɛ Suudanɩ ya-kʊ se Fulfulde. Sɔnzɩ hɔɔlʊʊ taa lɛ, Fransɩɩ waa ya-kʊ se Peul yaa Poular. Eŋglɩsɩ mba ya-kʊ se Fulfuldé. Caama mba ya-kʊ se Fulsprache. Ɛyaa mba pɔyɔɔdʊʊ Flandɩ kʊnʊŋ yɔ payaɣ se Haal- pulaaren. Pʊtɔpʊʊ se foulaphone. Maʊ taa lɛ, Flandɩ yɔɔdʊ-yʊ, pɩlɩna lakayaɣ haal cɔlɔ tɔbʊʊ se yɔɔdʊʊ. Sakɩyɛ taa lɛ, payaɣ se haal-pulaaren. Pamaɣ Flandɩ kʊnʊŋ nɛ Latɛŋ masɩ nɛ Arabɩ masɩ yaa Adlam masɩ. Ajɛyɛ sakɩyɛ maazaɣ nɛ paandɩ lɛ, ɖɩ-maɣna Latɛŋ masɩ nzɩ sɩñɩkʊ Afrika kɩ-kɛdɩnaʊ ŋgʊ kɩpasɩɣ tʊkasɩ ɛjɛɖɛ nɛ lɛɛɖɛ yɔ.
Kajalaɣ Latɛŋ masɩ nzɩ pakpaɣ se pamana Flandɩ kʊnʊŋ hɩɣ sɩ-tɩ kajalaɣ hɩɣtʊ pɩnaɣ 1930, kɔzɩ kɔzɩ F.W.Taylor tɔm kpou taa pɩnaɣ 1932. Pɩnaɣ 1966 lɛ, Unesco ñɩnɩɣ nɛ kɩkpelɩɣ nɛ kɩpɩsɩɣ kɩmaŋ Bamako ɛjaɖɛ taa kʊnʊmɩŋ. Ajɛyɛ sakɩyɛ kpaɣ tɔma ana a-wɛtʊ nɛ a-lakasɩ se palɩzɩ a-tɛ ajɛyɛ taa kʊnʊmɩŋ tɛ masɩ.
Big Bang
Big Bang kɛna keteŋa paɣtʊ kpɛlɛkʊtʊɖɛ ndʊ lɔnsɩnɖɛ ñɩnɩya kpaɣ nɛ pañɩnɩna tɛtʊ nɛ tɩ-yɔɔ ɛyaa kpeekpe lɩnaa yɔ. Cacalaɣ taa lɛ Pɛlɩzɩ katolika-tʊ sɔsɔ weyi payaɣ-ɩ se Georges Lemaître yɔ ɛnʊ ɛcalɩna-tʊ maɣzɩɣ ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1927. Ɛcalɩna yɔɔdɩɣ se tɛtʊ nɛ tɩ-yɔɔ ɛyaa kpeekpe naʊ mbʊ yɔ, pɩɩkɛ ɖoli kʊɖʊm nɛ pʊcɔ nɛ pamɩzɩ keteŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ.
Pʊwayɩ lɛ Amerika tɩnzɩ tɩlɩtʊ ñɩnɩyʊ weyi pa yaɣ-ɩ se Edwin Hubble ɛñɩɣʊ-tʊ yɔɔ nesi pɩnaɣ 1929 se ɛɛɛ mbʊ pɩlaba. Payaɣʊ se Big Bang yɔ kacalaɣ poombo taa lɛ, pɩɩkɛna ɛzɩ woŋga pʊyʊ yɔ; nɛ aradiyo ŋgʊ payaɣ-kʊ se BBC yɔ, kɩ-taa kɛ pacala-tʊ nɩʊ pɩnaɣ 1950. Piritaaniiki-tʊ weyi pyayaɣ-ɩ se Fred Hoyle yɔ ɛnʊ ɛcalɩna-tʊ yɔɔdɩɣ peeɖe.
Ndʊ tɩwɛɛ yɔ lɛ, Big Bang lɛ pakpaɣ hɩɖɛ nɖɩ nɛ pɛkpɛndɩ kpɛm kɛ ñɩnɩɣ kpeekpe mbʊ pɩyɔɔdɩɣ kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ wondu nɛ ɛyaa wɛtʊ yɔ. Nɛ pɛkɛtɩɣ kedeŋa ñɔʊ ɛzɩ pɩkɛna mbʊ pɩɩwɛ kʊŋgʊlʊm nɛ pʊcɔ nɛ pɩyaɣ kpa nɛ pɩmɩzɩʊ kpɛdɛŋŋŋ yɔ. Pɩlabʊ mbʊ yɔ pɩɖɛ ɛzɩ pɩnzɩ miliyaaɖɩnaa 13,8 yɔ.
Payaɣ se Big Bang kpem nɛ pɩtalɩna sɔnɔ yɔn pɩlɩna Ruusii ñɩnɩyʊ weyi payaɣ-ɩ se Alexandre Friedmann yɔɔ. Hɩɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩlɩ ɛyʊ ɛnɛ ɛ-nɔɔtaa ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1922, pɩnzɩ kagbanzɩ wayɩ fayɩɩɩ pʊcɔ nɛ Georges Lemaître yɔɔdɩɣ-tʊ. Papaɣzɩ-tʊ ñɔɔdɩɣ sɩŋŋŋ kɛ pɩnaɣ 1965. Albert Einstein kɛ pɩɩwɛ se ɛtasɩ nesiñɩɣʊ pʊ yɔɔ ɛlɛ ɛɛwɛ kpɛm se keteŋa wɛʊ mbʊ yɔ, kaɣlɛɣzɩɣʊ yem.
Kɔɔrɩ
Kɔɔrɩ, pɩkɛna minziiki wonuu ŋgʋ kɩlakɩ nɛ hʋlʋtʋ kpɛndʋ ɖama taa yɔ. Ɛkɛ wonuu kɩhʋlʋʋ nɛ kuwiviɖi hɔʋ taa. Kɔɔrɩ kʋnɛ, kɩkɛna nɔɔ nɔ kɩfam cɛlʋʋ. Palɩza kʋ kpaɖʋ 19 taa kɛ kɔɔɖɩ mɔdɔya yɔ. Ɛ-wɛɖʋ taa keeke kɛlɛ ɛ-nɔɔ lakasɩ ɖeɖe. Ɛ-taa pɔʋ ŋgʋ pohuyu size pahosi heɣlim cɛlʋna wilitu kɩbandʋ leleŋ n̄ɩndʋ.
Nɛ tilitu yaa wilitu ndu tɩwɛ n̄ɩm ɖɔɖɔ siŋ camɩyɛ kɛ naŋgbaŋgʋ welesuu taa. Ɛ-tɛ kpekeduu ɖaala, nɛ pɩkɛna nɔsɩ yɔ cɛlʋʋ kpɛm. Ɖɔɖɔ lɛ pɩsɩna hʋlʋyʋ size ɛn̄ɔɔzɩ wiluu ŋgʋ ɛhʋʋlʋ nɛ kɩlɩɣʋ yɔ camɩyɛ. Peeɖe wonuu kʋnɛ yɔ, kɩtʋʋzʋ kʋhʋlʋʋ lɩʋ taa. Minziiki wonuu kʋnɛyɔ, kʋhʋlʋyʋ paya size nɔndɔʋ yayʋ yaa hʋlʋyʋ.
Paakpɛndʋ ɛna wendu teyu hɔʋ. Pɛwɛ ndɩ ndɩ. Teu nɛ hʋlʋʋ pifɛyɩ kɩmaŋ. Kɔɔrɩ kɩfalʋʋ yaa kɔɔrɩ kɩkpɛndʋ hʋlʋtʋ taa wɛ ɖɔɖɔ mʋsɩ tɩna ɖɩjaɣyɛ sɛnfoniiki (symphoniques) taa, nɛ minziiki kɩkpɛndɩŋ yaa kpeekpe kikpeliŋ nʋmɩŋ tɛɛ kɩhʋlɩŋ taa. Nɛ pɩtasɩna ɖɔɖɔ mʋsɩ tɩna loniye kɩpanɖɛ kpɛlɛkʋ camɩyɛ hʋlʋʋ size nɩʋ ɛwɛ leleŋ.
Nabʋyʋ taa nabʋyʋ taa lɛ, pɔpɔzʋ kɔɔrɩ hʋlʋyʋ ɛnɛ ɛyɔ kɛ kɛlɛm kɛlɛm waa minziiki waa ɖeɖe ndɩ ndɩ. Ɖɩkpaɣ ɛzɩ, kɛlɛm kɛlɛm mɛndɛkɛ ɛyʋ n̄ɩŋgʋ taa nɛ nɔɔ maɣzʋʋ ɖeɖe. paakɩlɩɩ labɩnaʋ kɛ jazz ɖeɖe. Kɔɔɖɩ kʋnɛ,kʋ-nɔɔ taa ɖeɖe wɛ n̄ɩʋ nɛ pɩɖalɩ pɩsɩna kɩmaɣmaɣ kɩɖalakɩŋ.
Keniya
Keniya kɛna Afrika nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ. Ɖɩ-tɛ hayʊ kɩŋ lɛ, Suudanɩ nɛ Hadɛ ñɩŋgʊ nɛ Etiyɔpi, wɩsɩ ɖlɩyɛ taa lɛ Somali, wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa lɛ Uganda wɛna nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa nɛ hadɛ kɩŋ lɛ Tanzaani pɩzɩnaa. Wɩsɩ ɖʊlɩyɛ nɛ hadɛkiŋ lɛ Ɛndɩ lɩŋgamʊʊ kpeŋna. Payaʊ se Keniya pɩlɩna peeɖe pʊʊ ŋgʊ payaɣ ɖɔɖɔ se kɛniya yɔ. Kamba kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, pʊtɔbʊʊ se taataa pʊʊ.
Keniya mʊ kɩ-tɩ yɔɔ caaʊ lɛ, Jomo Kenyatta kɛ pacala lɩzɩɣ se ɛkɛ pɛ-ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊtʊ.
Keniya walanzɩ taa wɛ ɛzɩ 580 367 km2 nɛ pʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩ-kɩlɩ kuyʊʊ yɔ ŋgʊ payaɣ ɖɔɖɔ se Keniya. Pʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩ-kʊkʊyɩmɩnda maɣna mɛtanaa 5 199. Lɩm-pɔɔ ŋga kakɩlɩ ɖaalɩɣ kɛ keniya taa yɔ ŋga payaɣ se Taana nɛ ka-ɖaalakɩŋ taa maɣna kilomɛtanaa 700. Tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ payaɣ se Nayiroobii.
Halɩtʋnɛabalʋpakɩmaŋtɔmkɛna ñɩm mbʋ laŋhɛzɩyɛ nɛ huuu nɩmaʋ taa yɔ
Ɛyaa maɣzɩɣ Halɩtʋnɛabalɩtʋkɩmaŋtɔm ɛzɩ pɩkɛna sɩ̀mtʋweluu yem nɛ halaa ɖeke tɔm pɩkɛnaa. Yee pakapɩzaɣ pewiliɣ takayɩsɩ wenzi sɩyɔɔdʋʋ pʋ-tɔm yɔ sɩ-tɩŋgɛ sɩ-taa nɛ patʋʋzʋʋ ndʋndʋ ɛyaa mawa yɔ kɔyɔ, pɩkalɩzaa pɩwɩlɩ paa anɩ kɛ lɩmaɣza kɩdɩtʋʋza wena ɛyaa wɛna pʋ-tɔm yɔɔ yɔ.
Antananarivo
Antananarivo yaa Tananarivo tɔbʊʊ kɛ malɩgasɩ kʊnʊŋ taa size kutokiŋ mɩnɩʊ haɖaa tɛtʊ. Tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩkɛna Madagasɩkarɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa komina tʊma sʊsɔna nɛ politiki kewiisi lona sʊsɔna wɛɛ yɔ. Antananarivo wɛ Madagasɩkarɩ ɛjaɖɛ hɛkʊ taa ɖeyi ɖeyi nɛ ɛyaa mba pɛwɛ peeɖe yɔ patalɩ ɛzɩ ɛyaa mɩliyɔonaa 2 200 000 yɔ.
Halɩtʋnɛabalʋpakɩmaŋtɔmkɛna ñɩm mbʋ laŋhɛzɩyɛ nɛ huuu nɩmaʋ taa yɔ
Halɩtʋnɛaabalɩtʋkɩmaŋtɔm kɛna samaɣ taa pɩwɛ wɛtʋ ndʋ nɛ ɛyaa naɣ se ndɩwɛtʋ wɛ ɛyaa hɛkʋ taa: halɩtʋ nɛ abalɩtʋ pɔ-tɔm taa, akelewaa tatalɩ akelewaa ɖɔʋ tɔm taa, maakelewaa nɛ kpaɣŋjɛlɛmwaa tɔm taa, pɩnzɩ tʋʋzʋʋ tɔm taa, ppw. Pɩtɛyɩɣ ɛyaa nɛ kigbeɣliŋ hɛkʋ taa nɛ pɩfaɣsɩɣ ɖoŋdɩnaa nɛ ajamaa pɛ-hɛkʋ taa. Halɩtʋnɛaabalɩtʋkɩmaŋtɔm ñɩnɩɣ se ɛyaa tɩŋgɛ ɛsɛ ikuli nɛ puhuuna pa-tɩŋgɛ, nɛ pɩ-nɩmaʋ taa’lɛ, pakpaɣ samaɣ taa ñɩm nɛ palabɩna tʋmɩyɛ nɛ ɛyʋ paa weyi lɛ ɖenɖe ɛpɩzɩɣ labʋ yɔ, ɛ́la nɛ paa weyi lɛ ɛ-taa wɛɛ leleŋ nɛ pɩsɩna laŋhɛzɩyɛ caɣdam.
Antananarivo
Tɛtʊ ndʊ peʈɛyɩ-tʊ kominaawaa litoozo taa nɛ hɔɔlɩŋ 192 taa. Antananarivo tɛtʊ yɔɔ cɔnɩyʊ kɩfalʊ yɔ ɖoɖoo Lalao Ravalomanana. Ɛnʊ kɛɛŋna Maligasɩ komina taa kacalaɣ halʊ weyi palɩza se ɛkɛna komina yɔɔ cɔnayʊ yɔ. Pɔtɔ caca hasɩyaɖɛ fenaɣ 31 pɩnaɣ 2015 taa nɛ ɛpaɣzɩɣ ɛ-tʊmɩyɛ siŋŋŋ kɛ aloma fenaɣ loɖo pɩnaɣ 2015.
Halɩtʋnɛabalʋpakɩmaŋtɔmkɛna ñɩm mbʋ laŋhɛzɩyɛ nɛ huuu nɩmaʋ taa yɔ
Pʋwayɩ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, paa ɖɩnaɣ se you tʋwa lɛɛlɛɛyɔ pɩnzɩ sɩnɛ sɩ-taa yɔ, ɖiɣɖiɣcaɣʋ nɛ laŋhɛzɩyɛ ɖɔkʋʋ pɛkɛnɩ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ sɔsɔyɛ Afrika wɩsɩ ɖʋɖʋyɛ taa. Ajɛya wena a-taa yoŋ tulaa yaa pɩkakaza pɛmbɛ se ituli yɔ a-taa kaʋkaɣʋ nɛ tɔmñɔɔzʋʋyɔɔkpaʋnɛtibu, laŋhɛzɩyɛ yɔɔ kandayʋʋ, ɛjaɖɛ ɖaɣnʋʋ maʋ, nɛ laŋhɛzɩyɛ ɖoŋkpazʋʋ, pɔɖɔma camɩyɛ ɖɔm mbʋ yɔ, demokasii nɛ ɛjaɖɛcamɩyɛɖɔkʋʋ pe-lilakamtʋ,  pɩ-tɩŋgɛ mbʋyɔ pʋ-yɔɔ halaa nɛ abalaa wemba paaɖou laŋhɛzɩyɛ tɔm yɔɔ yɔ, pakaŋ ñʋʋ.
Antananarivo
Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ paliza-tʊ ɖooo pɩnzɩ mɩnɩŋ 17 taa nɛ awiya mba payawaɣ-wɛ se merina yɔ, mba lɩzɩna-tʊ. Tɩɩkɛ-wɛ loniye nɖɩ ɖi-taa wiyau cakaɣ yɔ. Pɩɩkɛ pɩnzɩ 1790 taa. Wiyaʊ weyi payawaɣ-ɩ se Radama yɔ, ɛnʊ cɔŋgaɣna malika tɩŋga yɔɔ.
Halɩtʋnɛabalʋpakɩmaŋtɔmkɛna ñɩm mbʋ laŋhɛzɩyɛ nɛ huuu nɩmaʋ taa yɔ
“Halɩtʋnɛaabalɩtʋkɩmaŋtɔm” kɛna sɩmtʋweluu kɩkpɛndɩɣ halaa nɛ abalaa pɔ-tɔm kpɛm. Kɛlɛ “halaa nɛ piya pakɩlɩɣna yoŋ siziŋ nɩʋ. Pʋ-yɔɔ lɛ pana wena ɛyaa ñakɩ-yɛ laŋhɛzɩyɛ tɔm yɔɔ yɔ, a-kazʋwa lɩɣna pakpaɣkɩɣ halaa tɔm nɛ palakɩna tʋmɩyɛ labɩnaʋ mbʋ laŋhɛzɩyɛ ñɩnʋʋ nɛ ɖi-kpiikuu pɔ-tɔm taa yɔ, pʋ-cɔlɔ”.
Maɣzɩm pʋnɛ pɩlɩna CEDEAO taa kooka weŋga kɔcɔŋna halaa laŋhɛzɩyɛ nɛ ɖiɣɖiɣcaɣʋ yɔɔ (RESPFECO) yɔ, kɔ-cɔlɔ. Kama-tʋ Kediizaɣ ŋga palabɩ-kɛ Abidjan pɩnaɣ 2009 se palɩzɩ pɛ-ŋgbɛyɛ yɔ, ka-tʋma ñɔɔzʋʋtakayaɣ taa.
Ŋgʋ yee tʋma mandalɩɩpʋyʋwaa ɖeke peyekina halʋ, yee ɛñɩnɩɣ mbʋ se pɩwazɩ-ɩ nɛ ɛ-hɩɖɛ kʋyɩ yɔ, nɔɔ eekiŋ pi-ɖeɖe yɔ, pɩwɩlɩɣ ñɩɩɩ se ɛkaɣ pɩzʋʋ ɛla tɔsʋʋhuuu nɛ samaɣtʋmahuuu pa-tʋma ɛtɛ ɛ-taa. Lɩmaɣzɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩyɔɔ kɛ CEDEAO taa kooka weŋga kɔcɔŋna halɩtʋnɛaabalɩtʋkɩmaŋtɔm (CCDG) yɔɔ yɔ, kaɖʋ ka-tʋmalabʋcɔɔlʋʋkpata taa  laŋhɛzɩyɛ nɛ ɖiɣɖiɣcaɣʋ pɔ-tɔm.
Ɖɩnɩɣ pɩ-taa mbʋ piyeba nɛ paɖʋ Kɩlabɩm wɩlʋʋtakayaɣ kanɛ ka-taa wɩlʋʋtindimiye kiya nɛ ɖɩyɔɔdʋʋ halɩtʋnɛabalɩtʋkɩmaŋtɔm ɖeke tɔm. Mbʋ pɩ-yɔɔ yɔ takayaɣ tɩtɩŋgɛ wazaɣ kɛlɛ se kasɩŋna ɛyaa se palʋ nɛ “laŋhɛzɩyɛ yɔɔ lʋbʋ wɛtʋ nɛ pɩ-ɖɔnɛ pɛwɛɛ ɛyaa calɩm taa”
Al-Khwarizmi
Muhammad Ibn Mūsā al-Khuwārizmī, walaa taa lɛ, patʊɣʊ nɛ paya se Al-Khwarizmi. Palʊla-ɩ pɩnzɩ 780 wɛɛ taa, e-liɖe kɛ Khiva tɛ Khzarezm ageeta taa, peeɖe paha-ɩ hɩɖɛ nɖɩ. Lone nɖɩ payaɣ sɔnɔ se Uzbɛkɩstaɣ. Ɛyʊ ɛnʊ ɛsɩba pɩnaɣ 850 cɔlɔ mbʊ yɔ Bagdad tɛtʊ taa. Ɛɛkɛ tʊzɩyɛ laɖʊ yaa ɛɛkɛ lɛɣtʊ ɛyʊ, tɛtʊ wɛtʊ tʊzɩtʊ niye mʊyʊ, tɩyɩnzɩ tɩyɩnaʊ tʊmɩyɛ laɖʊ nɛ tɩyɩnzɩ yɔɔ kpɛlɛkʊʊ niye mʊyʊ.
Ɛkɛ Bagdad lɔŋ sɩnɖaa ɖɩɣa taa ɛyʊ. Ɛma ɛ-takayasɩ tɩŋa payɩ nɛ arabɩ kʊnʊŋ taa nɛ palɩzɩ matʊ ndʊ nɛ latɛŋ kʊnʊŋ taa kpaɣ nɛ kpaɣɖʊ 12 alɩwaatʊ taa nɛ pɩsɩna nɛ palɩzɩ ñʊŋ lɛɛzɩtʊ kalɩtʊ kɛ Eerɔpʊ ajɛyɛ taa. Ɛ-tɛ fezuu caɣʊ maɣna abbassidi waa kewiyaɣ kɩɖɛzaɣ alɩwaatʊ yaa wɛɛ.
Ɛ-hɩɖɛ tɩna se palɩzɩ tɔmʊʊ algorithme, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se nɔmɔŋ wɩlɩɣ takayaɣ (papɩsɩ ɛ-hɩɖɛ latɛŋ nɖɛ nɛ paya se Algoritmi) nɛ ɛ-tʊma sakɩyɛ taa hɩɖɛ ñʊʊ tɩna palɩzɩ ñʊŋ lɛɛzʊʊ kalɩtʊ tɔmʊʊ. Arabɩ tɛ ñʊŋ kalɩtʊ nɛ pɩtɛ tɔm pɩtalɩ Hɛkʊ taa Wɩsɩ Ɖɩlɩyɛ taa ɛjaɖɛ taa nɛ Erɔpʊ lɩna Ɛɛndɩ ñʊŋ kalɩyasɩ wɛtʊ nɩnaʊ cɔlɔ ɛ-takayaɣ lɛɛka, ŋga posusa kɔ-tɔm nɛ kʊnʊŋ taa abbasside tɛ Ampiiri taa yɔ.
Pʊtɔpɔzɩ se pesidi yaa peyiidi lɛɣtʊ tʊ ɛnʊ nɛ pɛɖɩsɩ tʊ lɛlʊ Abu-'Abdollâh Mohammad Khuwârizmi, weyi ɛkɛ Mafâtih al-'Olum kiɖe ɖʊyʊ yɔ (lɛɣtʊ kpɛlɛkɩtʊ nɔnɔɔ ñɩma), ɛsakuliye takayaɣ kɩkalaɣ ŋga pama pɩnzɩ 976-997 alɩwaatʊ taa yɔ. Patatɩlɩ Al-Khawarizmi wezuu caɣʊ taa mbʊ pʊɖɔŋa yɔ sakɩyɛ. Kɛlɛ pekpekuu se pʊwɛ ɛzɩ palʊla-ɩ Khiva tɛtʊ taa pɩnaɣ 780. Aseɣɖe tɔm sakɩyɛ wɛ nɛ pɩwɩlɩɣ ɛ-lɛɣtʊ kpɛlɛkɩtʊ tʊma sakɩyɛ. Ɛɛkɛ lɛɣtʊ tʊ nɛ tɛtʊ wɛtʊ tʊzɩtʊ niye mʊyʊ ɛtɛ ɛkɛ ɖɔɖɔ kɩbɩnjaazɩ tɔm kɛdɩyʊ mbʊ lɛ, pɔtɔ ɖɔɖɔ se ɛkɛ ñʊŋ lɛɛzɩtʊ kalɩtʊ caa.
Ɛyʊ ɛnʊ ɛkɛ tʊzɩyɛ tʊma sakɩyɛ tɛ kɩɖe ɖʊyʊ. Tʊma ana adaa kɩkɩlɩyɛ paya se Kitābu 'l-mukhtaṣar fī ḥisābi 'l-jabr wa'l-muqābalah (كتاب المختصر في حساب الجبر والمقابلة) nɖɩ posusa ɖɩ-tɔm Al-Ma’mūn kewiyaɣ alɩwaatʊ taa yɔ (pɩnzɩ 813-833), nɛ pamazɩ kɩkɛ kajalaɣ wonuu ŋgʊ palaba-kʊ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ ñʊŋ lɛɛzɩtʊ kalɩtʊ ɖeɖe yɔ. Takayaɣ ŋga kata wɛ ñʊŋ loɖo.
Pamaza se Diophante Alexandrie ñɩnʊ kɛnɛ ñʊŋ lɛɛzɩtʊ kalʊʊ wɩlɩyʊ, Al-Khwariwmi tasɩmɩ-ɩ pʊɖɔɔ. Ɖɩcɔna kɔyɔ, kajalaɣ ñʊŋ kɩtɩlɩŋ kpɛlɛkɩtʊ lɩ ɖooo tobi akɔnta labʊ pɩtɩŋna siɣsiɣ kitinau nɛ tʊkaɣ ɖʊʊ pɩnzɩ wayɩ, kpaɣɖʊ 9 alɩwaatʊ tɛmtʊ taa, yaa Al-Khwarizmi sɩm wayɩ pɩtalɩ pɩnzɩ nɩnʊwa mbʊ yɔ. Nɛ mbʊ ɛsɔza pɩtasɩ kajalaɣ takayaɣ kanɛ kɔyɔ yɔ yeba se pamazɩ se Al-Khwarizmi kɛnɛ ñʊŋ lɛɛzɩtʊ kalʊʊ caa.
Alaa al-Aswany
Weyi payaɣ se Alaa al-Aswany yɔ, palʋla-ɩ agoza fenaɣ kɩyakʋ nɛɛlɛ nɛ lutozo (28) ñɩŋʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1957 taa. Palʋla-ɩ Egipiti ɛjaɖɛ taa Kɛɛrɩ tɛtʋ taa. Ɖajaa Alaa al-Aswany kɛ takayɩsɩ maʋ nɛ ɛtɛ ɛkɛ kɔ laɖʋ. Ɛlakɩ kela kʋdɔmɩŋ kɔ. Kɛɛrɩ tɛtʋ taa ɛlakɩ kela kʋdɔmɩŋ kɔ ana. Kɛɛrɩ kɛŋna Egipiti ɛjaɖɛ tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ.
Takayɩsɩ mayʋ Alaa al-Aswany hɔʋ taa ñɩma kɛ takayɩsɩ sɩnɖaa pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ. Payaɣ ɛ-caa se Abbas al-Aswany. Ɛ-caa kɛ takayɩsɩ mayʋ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʋ. Takayɩsɩ mayʋ Alaa al-Aswany laba ɛ-hɛkʋ taa sukuli Egipiti ɛjaɖɛ taa. Ɛlaba kela kʋdɔmɩŋ waʋ sukuli, Illinois sukuli kɩtɛzʋʋ, Chicago tɛtʋ taa, Etazuunii ɛjaɖɛ taa.
Egipiti ɛjaɖɛ taa ɛyaa mba papam Egipiti ɛjaɖɛ kewiyaɣ nɛ ɛza yɔ, paɖʋ politiki ŋgbɛyɛ naɖɩyɛ nɛ payaɣ pɛ-ŋgbɛyɛ ńɖɩ se « Kifaya » ŋgbɛyɛ. Pɛ-ŋgbɛyɛ ńɖɩ, ɖɩ-hɩɖɛ tɔbʋʋ kɔyɔ se « Pɩmaɣ ḿbʋ ». Takayɩsɩ maʋ sɔsɔ Alaa al-Aswany nɛ ɖajaa Sonallah Ibrahim paɖʋna ŋgbɛyɛ ńɖɩ. Politiki ŋgbɛyɛ ńɖɩ, ɖɩlʋkɩ se pɔtɔ caca nɛ palɩzɩ Egipiti ɛjaɖɛ ñʋʋdʋ kɩfalʋʋ. Ŋgbɛyɛ ńɖɩ ɖɩlʋkɩ se mulum nabʋyʋ ɛtaawɛɛ caca ŋgʋ pɔtɔʋ yɔ kɩ-taa. Pɩfɛyɩ se pakpa nɔɔyʋ nɛ ɖoŋ se ɛtɔ kañidaa weyi ɛtɔsɔɔlɩ yɔ. Pʋwɛɛ se paa weyi lɛ, ɛwɛɛ ɛ-tɩ yɔɔ nɛ ɛtɔ caca ŋ́gʋ nɛ ɛlɩzɩ kañɩdaa weyi ɛsɔɔlaa se ɛkɛ Egipiti ɛjaɖɛ ñʋʋdʋ yɔ.
Takayɩsɩ mayʋ sɔsɔ Alaa al-Aswany takayɩsɩ ndɩ ndɩ nzɩ ɛmaa yɔ, sɩ-taa lɛ, takayaɣ ŋga ɛyaa se « L’Immeuble Yacoubian » yɔ, ka-taa tɔm siɣdi Aarabʋ waa ɛjɛya taa ɛyaa pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ. Pɩnaɣ 2002 taa ɛ-takayaɣ ŋ́ga kalɩwa. Ka-taa tɔm wɛ yuŋ ɖenɖe yɔ yebina nɛ patɩŋ pɛɖɛzɩ-tʋ kʋnʋmɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ nɛɛlɛ (20) taa, halɩ pɩɖɛɛ pʋ-yɔɔ.
Ɖeɖe wondu kuduyuu Guggenheim
Keɖeyaɣ wondu kuduyuu kʋnɛ, kɩwɛ Bilbao tɛtʋ taa Ɛsɩpaañɩ taa. Patʋlaɣ kʋ-nɔnɔsɩ pɩnaɣ 1997 ñɩŋga taa. Kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ cɩnɛ kuduyiŋ naanza ɖeke kɩlɩna-kʋ kɛɖewa. Ɖajaa Solomon R. Guggenheim mana-kʋ.
Matʋ lɛɣtʋ kɩfatʋ yɔɔ patɩŋnaa nɛ pama kuduyuu ŋ́gʋ. Ɖajaa Frank Gehry lɩzɩna kɩ-kɩlɛmʋʋ nɛ pʋcɔ pama-kʋ. Ɛ-lɩzɩtʋ ndʋ tiyebina nɛ, ɛ-hɖɛ sɛɛ pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ. Pʋ-yɔɔ pɩtɩŋnaa nɛ paha-ɩ kuduyiŋ sɔsɔŋ maʋ kɩlɛmɩŋ lɩzʋʋ samtʋ nimiye.
Keɖeyaɣ wondu kuduyuu kʋnɛ, kɩpɩsɩ sɔnɔ kuduyuu ŋgʋ pakɩlɩ sɩm kpem kedeŋa yɔɔ cɩnɛ. Kɩkɛna ñɩm sɔsɔm ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa pama-kʋ yɔ.
Liiberiya
Liiberiya kɛna Afrika wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-hadɛ kɩŋ lɛ, Atɩlantiki lɩŋgamʊʊ nɛwɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ nɛ hayʊ kiŋ lɛ Siyeera –Leyɔnɩ, pɩyele hayʊ kiŋ lɛ Kinee, wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ, Kootidivuwarɩ. Liiberia kɛna kacalaɣ ɛjaɖɛ Afrika kpeekpe taa se ɖɩmʊ ɖɩ-tɩ yɔɔ caɣʊ ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1847.
Kpaɣ ɖooo kɔlaɣ fenaɣ hiu nɛ looɖo pɩnaɣ 2006 kɛ palɩza Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf se ɛkɛ peeɖe ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊtʊ. Ɛnʊ kɛna kacalaɣ halʊ Afrika kpeekpe taa ɖɔɖɔ se ɛkɛ ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊtʊ. Pɩtasɩ ɛlɛ, ɛmʊ Lanŋhɛzɩyɛ samtʊ nimiye pinaɣ 2011. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩwɛ ajɛya wena keteŋa kpeekpe taa kʊñɔntʊtʊ wɛɛ sɩŋŋŋ yɔ a-tɛ hiu taa. Ɖɩwɛ CEDEAO ŋgbɛyɛ taa ɖɔɖɔ.
Paatɔ caca lɛ, Amerika-tʊ kpaɣnaɣ kewiyaɣ nɛ Amerika mba mba palaba tɛɛ peeɖe yɔ, pɔtɔyɩtʊ ɛyaa kɩkpɛdaa. Tʊmɩyɛ kaakɩlɩ wɛʊ pɩlɩɩna ketu labʊ yɔ. Pɩnaɣ 1931 kɛ keteŋa kpeekpe ajɛya kɩkpɛndɩɣ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩpayaɣ se SDN yɔ ɖikizi tɔm ndʊ.
Pɔtɔʊ cacanaa yɔ ɛyaa kɩkpɛdaa ɛɛtɔʊ pɩkɔɔ pɩsɩɩna pɩnaɣ 1945 nɛpʊcɔ ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊtʊ William Tubman ha-wɛ waɖɛ se papɩzɩɣ papaazɩ tɔʊ caca.
Han Kewiyaɣ Kɩɖɛzaɣ
Sɔsɔ weyi payaɣ se Han yɔ, e-kewiyaɣ alɩwaatʋ. Ɛmʋ kewiyaɣ Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa nɛ pɩla pɩnzɩ 206 nɛ pʋcɔ palʋlɩ Yeesu-Krɩstʋ. Ɛtɔɔ kewiyaɣ nɛ pʋkɔɔ pɩsɩɩna pɩnaɣ 220 Yeesu-Krɩstʋ tɛ lʋlʋʋ wayɩ. Sɔsɔ Qin kewiyaɣ wayɩ Ɖajaa Han tɔɔ kewiitu. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se sɔsɔ Qin lɛɣna tɔɔʋ kewiyaɣ Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa. Ɖajaa Qin tɔɔ kewiyaɣ kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 221 nɛ puwolo pɩsɩɩna pɩnaɣ 206 taa nɛ pʋcɔ palʋlɩ ɖa-ñʋʋ yaɖʋ Yeesu-Krɩstʋ. Ɖajaa Han tɔɔ kewiyaɣ wayɩ lɛ, Siini ɛjaɖɛ tɛyɩ kewiisi naadozo taa. Ɖajaa Liu Bang yebina nɛ Han kewiyaɣ ñɔ. Ɖajaa Liu Bang kɛkɛ you laɖaa ñʋʋdʋ. Ɛ-ñɩma kɛkɛ haɖaa. Ɖajaa Liu Bang kʋyɩ ɖajaa Qin kewiyaɣ yɔɔ nɛ ɛkʋsɩ-ɩ kewiyaɣ kpelaɣ yɔɔ. Han kewiyaɣ alɩwaatʋ taa ɛsɩ awiya nɛɛlɛ nɛ lutozo. Ɖajaa Han kewiitu kɩlɩna leɖuu kewiisi lɛɛsɩ. Ɖajaa Han tɛyɩ e-kewiyaɣ hɔɔlɩŋ naalɛ. Han wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʋyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ wɛɛ nɛ Han wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ ñɛwɛɛ. Han wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʋyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ payaɣ ɖɔɖɔ se wayɩ kiŋ Han. Hɔɔlʋʋ ŋgʋ, kɩ-tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ payaɣ se Chang’an. Payaɣ Han wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ ñɩŋgʋ se ɛsɩndaa Han. Han hɔɔlʋʋ kʋnɛ, kʋkʋ tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ yɔ, Luoyang. Han wayɩ hɔɔlʋʋ ñɔ pɩnaɣ 206 nɛ pʋcɔ palʋlɩ ɖa-ñʋʋ yaɖʋ Yeesu-Krɩstʋ. Kɩsɩ tɩnaɣ pɩnaɣ nakʋ ñɩŋa taa Yeesu-Krɩstʋ lʋlʋʋ wayɩ. Piyele Han wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ ñɔñɔ pɩnaɣ 25 pʋcɔ palʋlɩ Yeesu-Krɩstʋ nɛ kɩsɩɩ tɩnaɣ pɩnaɣ 220 ɖa-ñʋʋ yaɖʋ Yeesu-Krɩstʋ lʋlʋʋ wayɩ. Kewiisi naalɛ nzɩ sɩ-hɛkʋ taa lɛ, kewiyaɣ cikpelaɣ nakɛyɛ wɛɛ. Payaɣ kaka se Xin kewiyaɣ. Ɖajaa Wang Mang yebina nɛ kewiyaɣ ŋga kɔñɔ, ɛlɛ, keteleɖi. Siini ɛjaɖɛ caanaʋ tɔm taa lɛ, Han kewiyaɣ alɩwaatʋ taa ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩkɩlɩ ɖɛʋna ɛsɩndaa. Halɩ paya alɩwaatʋ ndʋ se «Sika pɩnzɩ» (âges d’or). Halɩ nɛ sɔnɔ, samaɣ ŋga kalɩna Han kewiyaɣ taa yɔ, payaɣ pa-tɩ se « Han samaɣ ».
Justinien
Justinien Kajalaɣ tʊ yaa Justinien Sɔsɔ (latɛŋ kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, Imperator Caesar Flavius Petrus Justinianus Sabbatius Augustus, Krɛkɩ kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, Φλάβιος Πέτρος Σαββάτιος Ἰουστινιανός), palʊla-ɩ 482 cɔlɔ mbʊ yɔ Tauresium tɛtʊ taa, pʊñɩtɩna Justinana Prima Illyrie cɔlɔ kpam. Ɛsɩ kamɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 15 pɩnaɣ 565 Constantinople.
Ɛwɛ camɩyɛ hɛɛɛ, mbʊ lɛ, ɛpɩzɩ kewiyaɣ kpelaɣ tɔm pɩtɩŋna e-kpele weyi maɣmaɣ kaakɛ nɛ wiyaʊ Justin kajalaɣ tʊ, weyi ɛɛkɛ lɔŋ tasɩya taa lɔŋ tasɩyʊ sɔsɔ pʊcɔ ɛkɔɔ ɛlɛzɩ-ɩ yɔ. Yee e-kewiyaɣ kpelaɣ kpaʊ ɛlaba you kɔyɔ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ pɩɩwɛɛ se ɛhaɣ ɛsɛ nɛ Nika ɛyaa tɛ kʊyɩnaʊ nɛ kewiyaɣ kpelaɣ, nɛ ɛsɩɩ e-kiwiyaɣ ɖoŋ ɖɛfɛɛ ɖɛfɛɛ Ampiiri taa, ŋgʊ ɖooo kɩwɛʊ yɔ kɩɩkɛ Room ñɩŋʊ yɔ, pɩlɩna Ampiiri tɛ ɖanɩɣ pɩsʊʊ tambɔɣ yɔɔ.
Papɩzɩɣ pɛtɛyɩ-ɩ Justinien kewiyitu alɩwaatʊ tɔm nabʊlɛ taa yaa hɔɔlɩŋ naalɛ taa. Kpaɣnɛ pɩnaɣ 527 ŋtalɩ 540, wabɩtʊ na keelee, tɩwɛɛ kɛlɛʊ nɛ tɩcaɣ yuŋ. Ŋgʊ pʊwayɩ lɛ e-kewiyaɣ hɔɔlʊʊ naalɛ ŋgʊ kaawɛ paɖɩyɩtʊ.
Justinien kewiyitu sɩmtʊ lɩna kiɖe tɛɛ tɔm takayasɩ sakɩyɛ cɔlɔ. Lɛɛtʊna lɩna Justinien cɔlɔ kɔzɩ kɔzɩ ɛjaɖɛ paɣtʊ takayasɩ nzɩ ɛlaba kpaɣ ɖooo e-kewiyaɣ alɩwaatʊ taa nɛ sɩtʊsʊʊ mʊntʊsʊʊ ɛzɩma ɛlaba e-kewiyaɣ ɛjaɖɛ yɔ. Pʊcɔ lɛ, ɖama kewiyaɣ mʊʊ takayasɩ maya yaa tɔm cɔlɩya kaama e-kewiyaɣ tɔm. Césarée Procope ñɩndʊ ñɛwɛ poliŋ nɛ ntʊyɔna. Ɛ-tʊma takayasɩ ñɩkʊʊ niiye yoŋ weyi Justinien kaalaba e-kewiyaɣ alɩwaatʊ taa. Yoŋ ɛ-taa kɔyɔ Perse you nɛ Vandales you nɛ Goth you.
Jérôme Stridon tʋ
Palʊla Jérôme de Stridon kɛ ɖoŋgiye nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ se Sitridoŋ yɔ, Krowasii ɛjaɖɛ taa, kɛ pɩnzɩ 347 waa taa nɛ ɛsɩ salaŋ fenaɣ 30 pɩnaɣ 420 kɛ Pɛtlɩhɛm ɖɔŋgɩye taa. Jérôme de Stridon kɛna mʊwanɩ nɛ ɛwɛ mba palɩza takayaɣ kiɖeɖeɣa taa tɔm nɛ kʊnʊmɩŋ lɛɛŋtaa yɔ. Ɛwɛ mba patɩna Latɛŋ ɛsɔ kpaaŋ lɩzɩyaa yɔ pa-taa nɛ mba yɔ: Ambroise de Milan, Augustin d'Hippone nɛ Grégoire kacalaɣ ñɩnʊ (et Grégoire Ier).
Jérôme de Stridon laba a e-sukili kɛ Room tɛtʊ taa nɛ ɛpɩsɩ ɛ-laŋgɩyɛ ɛlɛ pɩlɩna e-ɖoziye kawɩlaɣ ñɩŋa naɖɩyɛ yɔɔ. Ɛɛwɛna pɩnzɩ 18. Pɩla mbʊ lɛ, ɛkpaɣ nɔmɔʊ nɛ ewole Tetʊ kiɖeɖetu taa pɩnaaɣ 373 nɛ pɩkɔɔ pɩla pakpa-ɩ layʊ kɛ Antiyɔsi tɛtʊ taa. Pɩkɔma pɩnaɣ 383 lɛ, Papa kacalaɣ tʊ (Damase Ier) kpaɣ-ɩ ɛ-takayaɣ taa mayʊ nɛ ehe-i se ɛlɩzɩ takayaɣ kiɖeɖeɣa (Bible) nɛ Latɛnɩ taa.
Papa ɛnɛ ɛ-sɩm wayɩ lɛ kɛ Zerom kʊyɩ Tɛtʊ Kiɖeɖetu tʊnɛ tɩ-taa nɛ ɛnɛ Paula pɛɖɛɛ Pɛtɩlɩhɛm. Peeɖe pɑtʊla Ɛsɔ sɛtʊ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩyɛ, monasitɛrɩ. Pɩkpaɣʊnɛ pɩnzɩ 34 nɛ pɩkɔɔ pɩtalɩ ɛ-sɩm yɔ, ɛcɛla ɛ-tɩ pilim kɛ Takayaɣ kiɖɛɖeɣa taa tɔm maʊ nɛ tɩcɔlɩɣ nɛ tɩkɩlɩ ɛzɩ ɛɛtɛm-tɩtaa kɛ lɩzɩʊ yɔ. Ɛsɩba pɩnaɣ 420 nɛ paapima-i kacalɣ taa kɛ Jerusalɛm nɛ pɩwayɩ lɛ powona ɛ-mɔɔ kɛ basilique Sainte-Marie-Majeure kɛ Room tɛtʊ taa.
Ekuwatɛrɩ
Ekuwatɛrɩ kɛna Amerika nɛ Hadɛ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ nɛ ajɛya wena ana-ɖɩ asɩ ɖama nɛ kamaɣ yɔ ana yɔ: hadɛ kiŋ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ Peeruu ɛjaɖɛ, hayʊ kiŋ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ Kolombi nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa lɛ Oseyŋ Pasifiki wɛna.
Ekuwatɛrɩ walanzɩ taa maɣna kilomɛtanaa akpagba 283 520 km2. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩtɛyɩ hɔɔlɩŋ niitozo: kacalaɣ ŋgʊ lɛ Pasifiki kitiiliŋ, peeɖe kiŋ ɖɩ-tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ Guayquil wɛɛ; naalɛ ŋgʊ lɛ Andini hɔɔlɩɣ, peeɖe tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ ndʊ payaɣ se kiitoo yɔ tɩwɛɛ, Amazonii ŋgʊ kɩwɛna Ekuwatɛrɩ hɔɔlɩɣ yɔ kʊkʊ ñɛwɛna wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa.
Ɖooo ɛzɩ Ekuatɛrɩ wɛʊ kɩ-tɩ yɔɔ nɛ Ɛsɩpañɩ kɛ 1822 yɔ nɛ sɔnɔ yɔ, ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩtɛyɩ hɔɔlɩŋ yaa ageeta 24.
Ɛsɩpañɔlɩ kɛŋna kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pawɩlɩɣ sukulinaa taa nɛ ŋgʊ pɔyɔɔdɩɣ komina tʊma taa yɔ. Kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ kɩwayɩ kʊnʊmɩŋ lɛɛŋ wɛɛ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa ajɛya ndɩ ndɩ wɛɛ. Kʊnʊmɩŋ ɛnʊ ɛ-taa kɔyɔ: kisiwa nɛ sʊwarɩ. Ekuwatɛrɩ pɛdɩɣ ayaba, roozinaa nɛ kpasɩ nzɩ payaɣ se krevɛtɩ yɔ nɛ ajɛya lɛɛna.
Rafael Correa kɛŋna Ekuwatɛrɩ ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊtʊ kɩfalʊ.
Hayʊʊ
Hayʊʊ wɛ piliŋa yɔ nɛ pɩñɔna tɩʊ. Hatʊʊ ndʊʊ tɩʊ fezuna, nɛ hatʊʊ ndʊ ɖɔɖɔ tɩhaana lɩm tɩʊ nɛ kɩpaɣlʋʋ. Hatʊʊ ɖɔɖɔ patɩlʊ na se tɩʊ kʊnɛ kɔyɔ, paɣ tɩʊ ŋgʊ lɛ kɩnaɣ kɩhatʊʊ. Tɩŋ nɛ ɛ-hatʊ pɛkɛ kɔyɛ. Ɖɩcɔna kɔyɔ, samloo hatʊ wɛ mbɩyɔ patɩzʊʊ tʊ nɛ pawazʊna wɩsɩ kʊdɔŋ, pahɩnʊ kɩ-hatʊʊ lɛŋ ñɩŋdʊ yɔ ɖɔɖɔ mbʊ yɔ tɩlɩzʊ ñɩŋgaŋzɩ. Ɖɩkpaɣ ɛzɩ moɖeŋga tɩʊ tɛ hatʊʊ mbɩ yɔ yɔ, kɩhatʊʊ wazʊ kʊdɔmɩŋ sakɩyɛ kpem. Hatʊ kɛ tɔɔnaɣ. Ɛyʊ hilu ɖozi, kpɩnaɣ tɔkɩ se tɔɔnaɣ. Ɖɩtaasɔ se tɩŋ wɛna waza siŋ kɛ ɛjaɖɛ yɔ cɩnɛ.
Hɛkʊ nɛ Hɛkʊ Alɩwaatʊ
Hɛkʊ nɛ Hɛkʊ Alɩwaatʊ kɛ Eerɔpʊ tɛ canaʊ tɔm alɩwaatʊ. Alɩwaatʊ ndʊ tɩpaɣzɩna kpaɣɖʊ 5 pʊwolo pɩtalɩ kpaɣɖʊ 15. Kpaɣɖʊ ŋgʊ kɩ-tɛ alɩwaatʊ taa Room Wɩsɩ Ɖɩɖʊyɛ tɛ Ampiiri paɣzɩ tɔlʊʊ nɛ kɩtɛzɩ tɛŋgɛlɛɛ Ɖanʊʊ lʊlʊʊ alɩwaatʊ nɛ kajalaɣ ñɩnʊʊ nɛ natʊ sɔsɔtʊ alɩwaatʊ. Wɛɛ anaa awɛ kɩbɩnjaazɩ alɩwaatʊ nɛ alɩwaatʊ kɩfatʊ pɛ-hɛkʊ taa, alɩwaatʊ ndʊ pɛtɛyɩ-tʊ pʊɖɔɔ. Ɖɩnaɣ hayi Alɩwaatʊ Kɩmaɣnatʊ (kpaɣɖʊ 6 ŋtalɩ 10 ŋgʊ), hɛkʊ Alɩwaatʊ Kɩmaɣnatʊ (kpaɣɖʊ 11 ŋtalɩ 13 ŋgʊ) nɛ kɩɖɩnatʊ Alɩwaatʊ Kɩmaɣnatʊ (kpaɣɖʊ 14 ŋtalɩ 15 ŋgʊ).
Ɛyaa kɩɩɖɔʊ nɛ tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ kɩɩɖɔʊ nɛ ɛyaa sʊʊ nɛ lɩʊ kɛ kɩbɩnjaazɩ kɩɖɩnaʊ alɩwaatʊ taa wɛ halɩ pɩkɔɔ pɩtalɩ hayi Kɩmaɣnaʊ Alɩwaatʊ nɛ ɛyaa mɛɛsa tokuli waa sʊʊ nɛ pasɩɩ kewiisi kɩfasɩ kɛ Room Wɩsɩ Ɖɩɖʊyɛ ajɛyɛ kɩbɩna lonaa taa. Paa yee alɩwaatʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa lɛɛzɩtʊ ɛlaba pɩlɩna ɛyaa ɛsakuliye cɔlɔ kɔyɔ, patapɩzɩɣ patʊɣʊ pa-tɩ nɛ kɩbɩnjaazɩ cɔlɔ tɛ ŋgʊ. Room Ampiri wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa hɔɔlʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩɩna tɛtʊ ñamsʊʊ tɛ tɩlasɩ yɔ kɩɩwɛna ɖoŋ sɔsɔŋ nɩɩyɛ pɛ-ɛjaɖɛ taa nɛ payaɣ-ɖɩ se Ampiri Pɩzantɛ. Alɩwaatʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa kilesa kɩ-tɛ ajɛyɛ sakɩyɛ Wɩsɩ Ɖɩlɩyɛ kɩmaɣnɩyɛ taa nɛ Afrika nɛ Hayi kiŋ pɩtɩŋna malɩŋ ɛsɔ sɛtʊ ñʊŋ tɩ-naa kpaɣɖʊ 7 alɩwaatʊ taa. Wɩsɩ Ɖɩdʊyɛ taa lɛ, kewiisi ajɛyɛ naayɛ mʊwaaɣ Room paɣtʊ naa sakɩyɛ, pɩ-tɛ alɩwaatʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa lɛ, Krɩstʊ ɛsɔ sɛtʊ aŋgba kaaɖɩna a-tɩ cɛyʊʊ nɛ amaɣ maacɔ yaa mʊwanɩ waa ɛsɔ sɛtʊ kuduyuŋ.
Frankɩ waa kewiyaɣ ɖɛzɩtʊ alɩwaatʊ, ɛyaa mba paɖanɩ fezuu Wɩsɩ Ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa Krɩstʊ ñɩma tɛ Ampiri kɛ kpaɣɖʊ 9 alɩwaatʊ taa pʊcɔ kɩkɛsɩ kɩ-tɩ pɩlɩna Hayi yɔɔ Vikings waa tɛ yoŋ nɛ Hɔŋirii mba tɛ yoŋ nɛ Wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa yɔɔ kiŋ nɛ malɩŋ tɛ ñɩŋ nɛ Haɖɛ yɔɔ kiŋ. Pɩnaɣ kudoku wayi lɛ, kpaɣna Alɩwaatʊ kɩmaɣnatʊ hɛkʊ taa ndʊ taa lɛ, Eerɔpʊ ajɛyɛ taa ɛyaa ɖɔ piŋ pɩtɩŋna lɛɛzʊʊ kpɛlɩ nɛ kpɛlɩ tɩlɩtʊ yɔɔ, mbʊ piyeba nɛ pehikiɣ tɔɔnasɩ sakɩyɛ haɖaʊ hɔɔlʊʊ taa.
Kɛdɛɛka (voile)
Kɛdɛɛka kɛna n̄ʋʋ wonuu kuhuzuu. Halaa sakɩyɛ tɔŋ size peteŋ kɛdɛɛka. Ɛyʋ ɛtɩnɩ tɔm piye yaa tɔmʋʋ tem tɔm kɔyɔ, ɛtɛma tɩlɩʋ kpaagbaa size kɛdɛɛka tem tɔm pɔyɔdʋ mbʋ yɔ. Wezuu taa lɛ, n̄ʋʋ tem kɩkɛ kɛdɛɛka ŋga, kabɩzʋʋ kɛkɛna wonuu ŋgʋ, halaa yaa pɛlaɣ sakɩyɛ suu kɛ yɔ.
Afrika kedeŋa taa lɛ, malɩŋ Ɛsɔ sɛyaa kɛdɛɛka wɛ nɛ pɩsaŋ kuzusuŋ ñɛwɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ. Pɛ-tɛ pɩsaŋ kɛdɛɛkasɩ wonduu panaɣ Krɩstʋ Ɛsɔ kɩlaŋ layaa cɔlɔ. Pɩ-tɛ kɛdɛɛkasɩ nzɩɩ payaɣna fransɩɩ kʋnʋŋ taa size "mantille", "Guimpe". Kuduyuŋ sɔsɔŋ maʋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa lɛ, kɛdɛɛka kɛna kuduyuŋ matʋ yaa mbʋ payaɣna fransɩ kʋnʋŋ taa size "charpente" yɔ pɩ-labʋ. Popuzuu ɖɔɖɔ kɛdɛɛkasɩ nɔnɔsɩ yɔɔ.
Kaabɔɔ
Kaabɔɔ kɛna ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩwɛ Afrika hɛkʊ nɛ hɛkʊ taa nɛ kɩwɛ Kɔŋgo Pirazaaviili wɛna Kaabɔɔ kamaɣ yɔɔ kɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa, wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ nɛ haɖɛ kiŋ; piyele nɛ kɩ-wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ nɛ hayʊ kiŋ lɛ Kinee-Ekwatoriyaaalɩ. Kameruni ñɛwɛna kɩ-kamaɣ yɔɔ kɛ hayʊ kiŋ kpataa. Fransɩɩ ɛjaɖɛ kakpacaɣna Kaabɔɔ nɛ pʊcɔ nɛ kɩwɛʊ kɩwɛʊ kɩ-tɩ yɔɔ kɛ pɩnaɣ 1960. Kaabɔɔ ɛjaɖɛ kɛ laŋ nɛ lakʊ ɛjaɖɛ.
Peeɖɛ lakɩŋ nɛ laŋ weyi komina ñɩʊ nesi nɛ pɔcɔŋna ɛyɔɔ yɔ ɛtalɩ ɛzɩ hiu nɛ naatozo mbʊ yɔ nɛ ɛwɛɛ kedeŋa kpeekpe ŋgbayɛ ndɩ ɖɩcɔŋna sukili, ñɩnɩʊ nɛ ɛsakuliye nɛ payaɣ-ɖɩ se UNESCO ŋgbɛyɛ yɔ ɖɩ-nesi tɛɛ.
Kaabɔɔ ɛjaɖɛ taa ɛyaa tɔɖɔɔ, laŋ nɛ lakɩŋ ɖɔsɔ; pɩtasɩ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa kaɖazɩm tɔya mbʊ yebina nɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩwɛɛ Afrika taa ajɛya wena akɩlɩ wobu nɛ ɛsɩnda yɔɔ. Afrika nɛ kɩ-kañɩmbʊsaɣ ajɛya tɩŋa taa lɛ, kedeŋa kpeekpe ajɛya kɩkpɛndɩɣ ŋgɛyɛ ñɩna nɛ ɖɩna se Kaabɔɔ ɛjaɖɛ taa kpem ɛyaa kɩlɩ wɛʊ laŋhɛzɩyɛ taa.
Kɛɛmaɣ
Kɛɛmasɩ wɛ kekelikelasi nzɩ sɩñasɩɣ yɔ sɩ-tiɣye taa. Kɛɛmasɩ sɔɔlɩ ɖɔm com com nɛ nabʊyʊ taa lɛ pʊwɛ wɛɖɩɣ, mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ sɩpɩzɩɣ sikpeɣli ɖama nɛ sɩtalɩ ɛzɩ miliyɔɔna sakɩyɛ kɛ mbʊ yɔ.
Nasɩyɛ wɛɛ lɛ sɩ-ɖɔnɛ taa sɩpɩɣ ɖama cɛnzɩ pɩɖɛɛ ɛzɩ miliyɔɔnaa mɩnɩʊ yɔ nɛ kɛɛmasɩ huwa pɩzɩɣ pɩtalɩ ɛzɩ nɩɩnɩwa (50) yɔ nɛ nɩɩnɩwa waa mba pɛɛɖɛɛ ɛzɩ miliyɔɔ yɔ. Kɛɛmasɩ wɛ kekeklikelasi nzɩ sɩwɛna huɖuu keŋ nɩɩlɛ (2) yɔ, ɛzɩ tɛɛkpagbaŋ yaa tʊŋ yɔ. Payaɣ ŋgbam kɛ nabʊyʊ taa kɛɛmasɩ kʊlʊmʊm mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ papalɩka taa nɛ pɔ-ɖɔnɛ taa wɛ ɖeyi ɖeyi ɛlɛ paatɩɩyaɣ ɖama nabʊyʊ.
Kɛɛmasɩ wɛna tɛyɩtʊ ndɩ ndɩ sɩ-hɛkʊ taa: sɩ-tʊma taa, sɩɖɔnɛ taa, sɩ-ɖama nɩnaʊ taa, sɩ-ɖʊndɩyɛ taa nɛ sipɩzɩɣ nɛ sɩñɔɔzɩ ɖama kɩɩnɩnaʊ taa. Kɛɛmasɩ wɛɖɩɣʊ kʊnɛ paakɛdɩ kʊ-tɔm nɛ ɛyaa wɛɖɩɣʊ ɖooo lɔŋ taa nɛ piyele pɩkɛna ñɩnɩyaa kɛ tɔm piye nɖɩ ɖɩ-yɔɔ pʊwɛeɛ se ɛyaa ɛmaɣzɩ tɩyɔɔ siŋŋŋ yɔ.
Pɩnaɣ 2013 taa ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ tɩlɩtʊ ñɩnɩyaa naa kɛɛmasɩ pɩlɩŋ ɛzɩ 12 000 yɔ ɛlɛ paapɩla ɛzɩ pɩkazɩɣ yɔ pɩkɩlɩ ɛzɩ kutokiŋ kutokiŋ kɛ mbʊ yɔ nɛ nɔɔyʊ tatɩɩsɩmda-ɩ. Kɛɛmasɩ wɛ ajɛya kpeekpe taa keteŋga kpeekpe taa ɛlɛ ajɛya naalɛ ɖeke taa: Krowelandi nɛ Antaariktiiki taa ɖeke.
Alan Turing
Alan Mathison Turing, palʊla-ɩ mɩsɩkʊm fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 23 pɩnaɣ 1912 kɛ Lɔndrɩ tɛtʊ taa. Ɛyʊ ɛnɛyɔ ɛsɩ mɩsɩkʊm fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 7 pɩnaɣ 1954 kɛ Wilmslow. Ɛɛkɛ lɛɣtʊ tɩlɩyʊ nɛ mɛɛsaɣ tɛ maʊ tʊ kɛ Pritaniki tɛtʊ taa, ɛnʊ tɩna anasayɩ ñɩɣtʊ tʊma tɩlɩyɛ tɛ kiɖe.
Ɛyʊ ɛ-tɛ laɣsɩ yeba se pasɩ Church lɩmaɣza tam yɔɔ, weyi ɛyɔka lɛɣtʊ tɔmpiye taa mbʊ ɛzɩ papɩzɩ pakpaɣ-ɖɩ nɛ palabɩnɛ akɔnta yɔ. You sɔsɔʊ wayɩ lɛ, ɛnʊ lɛɣna labʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ anasaayɩ ñɩɣyʊʊ ŋgʊ ɖɩyaɣ se ɔɔrɩdɩnatɛɛrɩ yɔ kʊyɔ kajalaɣ ɖeɖe nɛ eseɣti ndɔnjɔlɩyɛ tɔmʊʊ ŋgʊ kʊyɔ se ɛzɩ papɩzɩ polu lɛɣtʊ, yes pakpakʊʊ Turing lɩmaɣza. E-fezuu caɣʊ tobi ŋgʊ wayɩ lɛ, ɛsɔɔlɩ ɛzɩma pɛkpɛlɛkɩ pɩɣa pɩkɔɔ pɩtalɩ kɛ-tɛ paɣlʊʊ nɛ Turing matʊ.
Kpaɣ kedeŋga kpeekpe you sɔsɔʊ naalɛ ŋgʊ alɩwaatʊ taa, ɛlaba tʊmɩyɛ sakɩyɛ Enigma ñɩɣyʊ ɛlɛ, mbʊ payi ɛlaba yɔ pɩɩwɛ mɛɛsaɣ tɛ nɛ Caama sɔɔjɔnaa lakɩna tʊmɩyɛ. Pɩtɛ wɛtʊ yeki nɛ pɔyɔkɩ mɛɛsaɣ tɛ matʊ, nɛ tɔm kɛdɩyaa sakɩyɛ cɔlɔ lɛ, piyeki nɛ paɖaŋ kpɛndɛ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ ɖoŋ pɩtalɩ ɛzɩ pɩnzɩ naalɛ mbʊ yɔ.
Pʊkɔma pɩnaɣ 1952 pɩtɩŋna tɔmʊʊ nakʊyʊ yɔ se ɛsʊʊna abalaa lalaa mbʊ lɛ, pɩñɩŋɩ se pakpa-ɩ nɛ pahʊna-ɩ tɔm. Pɩsa nɛ pataa ɖɩ-ɩ salaka lɛ, etisi se pakpaɣ ɛ-hɩm yaa abalɩtʊ. Pamana Turing e-kuduyuu tɛ Manchester ɛsɩba, paɖʊ-ɩ kɔyɛ kɛ mɩsɩkʊm fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 7 pɩnaɣ 1954 taa. Alan Turing, palʊla-ɩ Maida Vale, ajɛyɛ ñʊʊŋ yɔɔ caɣʊ alɩwaatʊ taa tʊma yɔɔ cɔnɩyʊ nɔyʊ lʊlana-ɩ, paya-ɩ se Julius Mathison Turing ɛ-nɛ ɛ-halʊ Ethel Sarah Turing (Stoney hɔʊ taa palʊla-ɩ). Alan wɛna pɩnaɣ kʊyʊmaɣ mbʊ lɛ, Turing hɔʊ taa ɛgbadɩna ɖɔkɩna-ɩ. E-ɖoo pɩsɩ ɛkɔɔ ɛ-caa cɔlɔ, ɛɛwɛ Ɛndɩ samaɣ tʊmɩyɛ ɖɩlaɖɛ ɖeɖe. Papɩsɩ pɔkɔɔ patɩŋnɛ Kewiyaɣ Ɛjaɖɛ taa alɩwaatʊ ndʊ Julius mʊ hɛzʊʊ takayaɣ yɔ pɩnaɣ 1926 taa.
Ɛ-caanaa wona-ɩ Michael’s Kiɖeɖeu sukuli taa alɩwaatʊ ndʊ ɛwɛna pɩnzɩ loɖo yɔ. E-sukuli ñʊʊ tʊ caŋ ɛtɩlɩ-ɩ se ɛwɛ lɔŋ piŋ ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ ɛ-wɩlɩyaa kɛ Marlborough tɛ kɔlɛzɩ taa. Marlborough sukuli taa peeɖe lɛ, tɔmʊʊ nakʊyʊ kɔna-ɩ kaɖɛ pazɩ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ, sukuli ŋgʊ kɩ-taa peeɖe lɛ ɛkatɩ ɛ-tabalaa mba yɔ pakɩlɩ paɣlʊʊ nɛ eyele ɛnaɣ ɛ-tɩ ɛzɩ ɛwɛ eyeke pɛ-hɛkʊʊ taa, ŋgʊ ɛnʊ kɩlɩna-wɛ lɔŋ.
Hɛŋga Sɔsaɣ Fɛɛʊ
Hɛnzɩ sakɩyɛ pɩlɩna ɖama yɔɔ nɛ pɩpɩsɩ hɛŋga sɔsaɣ fɛɛʊ. Pɩkpaɣna hayi kiŋ nɛ puwolo pɩsɩɩna hadɛ kiŋ lɛ, hɛŋga sɔsaɣ ŋga, ka-ɖaɣlakɩŋ kɛ kilomɛtanaa 6 000. Piyele pɩkpaɣna wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ nɛ puwolo pɩtalɩ Afrɩka nɛ hadɛ kiŋ hɔɔlʊʊ taa nɛ pɩtɩŋna teŋgu kɩsɛmʊʊ nɛ Afrika nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʋyɛ taa lɩŋgamɩŋ hɔɔlɩŋ taa lɛ, ka-walanzɩ kɛ kilomɛtanaa 40 hɔɔlɩŋ nɩɩyɛ nɛ kilomɛtanaa 60 hɔɔlɩŋ lɛɛŋ. Payaɣ hɛŋga sɔsaɣ ŋga Afrɩka tɛtʊ taa se Afrɩka hɛŋga fɛɛʊ yaa Afrɩka nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ hɔɔlʊʊ taa hɛŋga sɔsaɣ. Afrɩka hɛŋga fɛɛʊ tɛyɩ Afrɩka hɔɔlʊʊ ŋgʊ payaɣ Afrɩka hɩlʊʊ (corne de l’Afrique) yɔ hɔɔlɩŋ naalɛ. Payaɣ hɔɔlʊʊ lɛɛkʊ se Afrɩka tɛ pɩlakɩ (plaque africaine). Kɩwɛŋna wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ hɔɔlʊʊ taa kiŋ. Kiposina Somalii ɛjaɖɛ tɛ pɩlakɩ (plaque somalienne) nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ hɔɔlʊʊ taa kiŋ. Kɩɖaɣnɩ faaʊ hɔɔlɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ Ugandaa ɛjaɖɛ taa nɛ hadɛ kiŋ hɔɔlʊʊ taa. Anasaayɩnaa tɛ tɛtʊ taa lɛ, hɛŋga sɔsɔɣ ŋga katɩŋna Firuŋga (Virunga) nɛ Ruwɛnzonii (Rwenzoni) pa-ajɛya pʊŋ taa. Katɩŋna ɖɔɖɔ Afrɩka tɛtʊ taa lɩŋgamɩŋ sakɩyɛ taa. Peeye lɛ, lɩm su hɛŋga kiliŋgaɣ sɔsaɣ ŋga ka-taa ɖo.
Koorayi Tilimiye Kɩkaɣyɛ (Grande Barrière de Corail)
Lɩm taa koloŋa kɩkawaɣ sɔsaɣ ŋga payaɣ se koorayi (corail) yɔ Koorayi koloŋa kɛ lɩm taa koloŋa ŋga kakɩlɩ lɩm taa kolonzi tɩŋa lɛɛsɩ payɩ kedeŋa yɔɔ cɩnɛ yɔ. Koorayi wɛ ɛzɩ tɩŋ sɔsɔʊ yɔ. Kɩwɛna pilinzi ndɩ ndɩ. Ɛlɛ, toovenum lɛ, pɩtɛkɛ tɩʊ. Palaba-kʊ nɛ lɩm taa kpɩna ndɩ ndɩ mɔɔ. Ɛyʊ ɛcɔna koorayi yɔ, kɩcaɣ kajʊka pɩŋŋ. Koorayi wɛna tilima 2900 halɩ pɩɖɛɛ pʊ-yɔɔ. Kɩwɛna lɩm hɛkʊ taa tɛtʊ ndɩ ndɩ ɛzɩ 900 mbʊ yɔ. Lɩm hɛkʊ taa tɛtʊ ndɩ ndɩ ndʊ, tɩkpaɣna Bundaberg, Cap York nɔɔ yɔɔ. Pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se tɩ-ɖaɣlakɩŋ kɛ kilomɛtɛnaa 2600 nɛ tɩ-walanzɩ kɛ 344 4000 km2. Koorayi Tilimiye wɛ ki-teŋgu taa, Queensland nɔɔ kpɛɛɛ. Kɩwɛ Ositraalii ɛjaɖɛ taa.
Wondu sɔsɔtʊ ndʊ kedeŋa yɔɔ aŋgba ndɩ ndɩ laba payɩ yɔ tɩ-taa lɛ, Koorayi koloŋa kɩlɩna paɣlʊʊ. Pakpaɣ wondu cikpetu cikpetu ñɩɩ ñɩɩ waa ɛzɩ miiliyaarɩ yɔ nɛ palabɩna Koorayi Tilimiye. Wondu cikpetu cikpetu ñɩɩ ñɩɩ waa mba payaɣ se coraux Polypes. Wondu ndʊ tiyekina nɛ lɩm taa wondu sakɩyɛ cakɩ wezuu. Pama Koorayi Tilimiye hɩɖɛ kedeŋa kpeekpe ñɩm takayaɣ taa. Pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se pakpawaɣ se ɖɩkɛ kedeŋa kpeekpe ñɩm. Kedeŋa kpeekpe ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ se UNESCO yɔ, ɖɩ-takayaɣ taa pama ɖɩ-hɩɖɛ pɩnaɣ 1981 taa. CNN televisiyɔɔ yɔ, ɖɩtɔŋ se Koorayi Tilimiye wɛ kedeŋa kpeekpe wondu kɩñɩlɩnzɩtʊ lʊbɛ taa.
Mbʊ payaɣ se Great Barrier Reef Marine Park yɔ mbʊ kandɩɣna Koorayi Timiye yɔɔ. Mbʊ lʊkɩna se ɛyaa ɛtaakɩlɩ kpakpasɩ kpaʊ. Paa mbʊ yɔ Koorayi Tilimiye wɛɛ ɖɩpazɩɣ ki-keɖewa pazɩ pazɩ pɩlɩɩna kedeŋa wɛtʊ ndɩ ndɩ yɔɔ. Ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ se Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ɖɩñɩnaa nɛ ɖisusi raadiyoonaa nimasɩ yɔɔ aloma fenaɣ, pɩnaɣ 2012 taa se Koorayi Tilimiye wɛɛ ɖɩpasɩɣ ɖɩ-walanzɩ pazɩ pazɩ kpaɣ ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1985 ñɩŋga taa.
Hatʊ ɖozi
Ɖozɩ ñɩɣʊʊ tɔɔnaɣ kɛ ɖozɩ hatʊ ñɩɣʊʊ kɩtɔɔʊ tɛ hɔɔlʊʊ. Kpayɩ tʊʊzʊtʊ taa lɛ, paɖanɩɣ-tʊ cɔlʊʊ nɛ fransɩɩ kʊnʊŋ taa, tɔm kpoŋ sakɩyɛ taa nɛ pɩwalɩ pɩtalɩ kpɛŋgbɛsɩ kɩtɔɔsɩ, nɛ sakɩyɛ wɛɛ lɛ, pahayʊʊ-sɩ (Paarii kpɛŋgbɛka nɛ shii-také, nɛ ŋgbaɣ ndɛɛ) nɛ aɖɔnɖɔlɛɛ naayɛ pɔtɔkɩ-yɛ sakɩyɛ Wɩsɩ Ɖɩlɩyɛ ɖooo hayi kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ taa. Hɔɔlʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩpɩzɩɣ kɩkɛ liɖe (karɔtɩ), camɖɩyɛ (céleri), hayʊʊ (saladɩ ñɩɣʊʊ hayʊʊ), hɛɖʊʊ (artichaut), tɩŋ piye (kpɛnzʊʊ kizokuu), añɔm (kaabʊ), hɛyɛ (tɛtɛɛ hɛyɛ) yaa piye (samɩɖɛ). Tɔm piye ndɩ ɖɩwɩlɩkɣ pɩlɩnɛ mbʊ ɖozi hayʊʊ ñɩɣʊʊ kɩhayʊʊ ŋgʊ kʊlʊlʊʊ hatʊ yɔ. Tɩzʊʊ nɔmɔʊ taa lɛ, ɖozi ñɩɣʊʊ tɔɔnaɣ ha ɛsɛ nɛ tɩŋ piye ɛlɛ, hɔɔlɩŋ nɩɩyɛ taa lɛ, patɩzɩɣ yaa pɔtɔkɩ ɛzɩ ɖozi ñɩɣʊʊ tɔɔnaɣ yaa tɩŋ piye. Kɩhaɣ ɛsɛ ɖɔɖɔ nɛ ɖozi taa yɛɖɛ yɛɖɛ ñɩɣtʊʊ ndʊ palakɩ nɛ ɖɔɖɔ tʊmɩyɛ ɖɩtɩzɩyɛ taa ɛlɛ pɛtɛ pawazaɣ tɛkɛ kʊyʊm, paa pɛkɛ ɖɔɖɔ ɖozɩ hatʊ ñɩɣtʊʊ kɩtɔɔtʊ.
Tɩzʊʊ nɔmɔʊ taa nɛ tɔnasɩ kɩbanzɩ kpɛlɛkʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ taa lɛ, ɖozi ñɩɣʊʊ tɔɔnaɣ hɩlaa walaa. Pɩkɛ tɔɔnasɩ nzɩ sɩ-taa fɛyɩ nandʊʊ yɔ nɛ pɩfɛyɩ leleŋ nɛ pɩtɩŋgʊʊ nandʊʊ yaa kpakpasɩ ñanaɣ tɔɔnaɣ alɩwaatʊ taa. Pɩkɛ ɖɔɖɔ hɔɔlɩŋ nɩɩyɛ taa tɩŋ pee kɛ tɩŋ kpɛlɛkʊʊ nɔmɔŋ taa pɩsɩnɛ kɩtɩŋgʊʊ tɛlɛm naa mba pa-taa wɛ ɖɔm yɔ. Payaɣ-wɛ se leleŋ-ɖɔm (leleŋ-ɖɔm ɖɩtɩzɩyɛ). Ɛlɛ tɔm piye ɖozi hayʊʊ ñɩɣʊʊ tɔɔnaɣ pɩzɩɣ ɖɩwɛna tɔbʊʊ nɩɣʊʊ tobi alɩwaatʊ ndʊ ɛ-tɛkɛ pɩyʊʊ ɛzɩ tɛtɛɛ hɛyɛ yaa mɔʊ, nandʊʊ nɛ kpakpasɩ yeke koŋ tɩŋgʊʊ nɛ ɖozi hatʊ ñɩɣʊʊ tɔɔnaɣ nɛ ŋnɛʊ tɛ wonduu. Tɔm piye hatʊ ñɩɣtʊ tɔɔnaɣ wɛʊ mbʊ yɔ pasɩma-ɖɩ Fransɩɩ ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1531 pɩlɩnɛ canaʊ tɔm kɛdʊʊ Robert nɛ kɩlɩnɛ latɛŋ kʊnʊŋ taa legumen tɩŋ ŋgʊ kɩwɛna hatʊ nɩɣtʊʊ tɛ pee yɔ. Kɩ-ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ kɩkɛ halʊʊ. Kɩwɩlɩɣ kajalaɣ taa kɛ hatʊ ñɣtʊʊ pee nɛ mʊlʊm pee tɩŋ weyɩ ɖooo kiɖe tɛ lɛ, pɩkɛ tɩŋ kɩtɔɔŋ. Hatʊ ñɩɣtʊ wɛʊ mbʊ yɔ pɔtɔkɩ-tʊ lɛɛŋ yaa patɩzʊʊ. Kɩkɛ kɩtɩŋgʊʊ tɛlɛm taa nɛ papɩzɩɣ pakpɛndɩ patɩzɩnɛ nandʊʊ yaa patɩzɩɣ hɔlʊʊ hɔlʊʊ.
Ɖozi hatʊ ndɩ ndɩ ndʊ tɩwɛ ɖa-alɩwaatʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-taa yɔ, wɛ ɖeu kamaɣ fɛyɩ, paa sɩ-tɛ tɔɔʊ ɛwɛ keeke nasɩyɛ yɔ kɛnɛ yɔ, ɛzɩ tʊʊzʊʊ taa tɛtɛɛ hɛyɛ nɛ ŋbaŋtɩŋ nɛ awihɛyɛ nɛ tɩmatɩ nɛ suu nɛ kaabʊ. Nɛ yee ɖɩmaɣzɩna Eerɔpʋ kɔyɔ ɖɩnaɣ se paasɩma ɖozi hatʊ natʊyʊʊ nɛ pɔtɔkaɣ-tʊ ɖooo canaʊ kɩbɩnʊʊ alɩwaatʊ taa.
Fra Angelico
Palʋla Ɖajaa Guido di Pietro lɛlaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ hiu nɛ lutozo ñɩŋgʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1455 taa Room.
Ɖajaa Guido di Pietro payaɣa ɖooo lɔŋ se Fra Angelico. Itaalii ɛjaɖɛ taa mba payaɣ se Angelico waa yɔ, payaɣna-ɩ se Fra Angelico. Ɛ-ɖɔndɩyɛ taa ñɩma ñayawaɣ-ɩ se Fra-Giovanni da Fiesole. Pama takayaɣ nakɛyɛ pʋcɔ pɩnaɣ 1555 talɩ.
Paya takayaɣ ŋga se  Weziŋ caɣʋ . Ka-taa peeɖe pamawa se ɛnʋ payaɣ Giovanni Fra Angelico. Pakʋma-ɩ hɩɖɛ ɖɔɖɔ se '' Ɛsɔtiyiyaa tɛ tɔlɩm tayʋ". Ɛta kamaŋaɣ nakayɩ tɔlɩm pɩnaɣ 1423.
Ɖajaa Guido di Pietro kɛ Ɛsɔ tʋ siŋŋ. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se e-wezuu caɣʋ tataa cɩnɛ kamʋna Ɛsɔ pɩɣa. Ɛsɩba nɛ pɩleɖi pazɩ lɛ, papɩsɩ-ɩ  Ɛyʋ kiɖeɖeu . Papɩsa-ɩ Ɛyʋ kiɖeɖeu lɛ, paha-ɩ hɩɖɛ se Fiesole tɛtʋ taa Yohanɛɛsɩ Koboyaɣ tʋ.
Haɖaʋ
Paa egeetiye nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa ŋtala kɔyɔ, ŋna size haɖʋ yaa hayɩm tʋmɩyɛ wɛɛ lone nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa peeɖe. Pɩkɛna tɛtʋ yɔ tʋmɩyɛ. Papɩsʋʋ tɛtʋ kpɛlɩ kpɛlɩ nɛ poɖuu yaa pɔsɔ tɔɔnaɣ kʋtɔwaa. Ɛjaɖɛ yaa kedeŋa n̄ɩm kɛna ɖɔɖɔ tɛtɛ kpɩna kɛ tɔɔnaɣ n̄ɩnʋʋ lone kajalaɣ nɖɛ.
Pahayʋ nɛ pehuu tɔɔnaɣ nɛ pɔcɔnana ɖɔɖɔ kɛ tɛtɛ kpɩna ndɩ ndɩ yɔɔ. Kedeŋa yaa ɛjaɖɛ yɔ n̄ɩm wazʋʋ ɛyʋ ɖɔɖɔ siŋŋ. Ɖɩkpaɣ ɛzɩ n̄ɩtʋ nɛ cɔka mbɩ yɔ, pɩkɛna mʋzʋŋ kɛ haɖaʋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa. Tɛtɛ kpɩna kpeekpee pɩndʋ ɖɔɖɔ kɛna mʋzʋŋ kɛ haɖaʋ yaa hayɩm tʋmɩyɛ taa.
Haɖaʋ kpɛlɛkʋʋ sukili kɛ hɔɔlʋʋ sɔsɔʋ ŋgʋ kɩ-taa nɛ tʋma yaa kɩkpɛndʋ kɩ-taa tʋma sakɩyɛ ndɩ ndɩ yɔ kɛ pɩkpaʋ nɛ ɖoo kpaɖʋ yaa wɛɛ hiu nɛ nakʋ (19) n̄ɩŋgʋ taa yɔ. Haɖaʋ sukili ŋgʋ kɩ-taa peeɖe pɛkpɛlɛkʋʋ haɖaʋ lɛɣtʋ, tɛtʋ mʋzʋŋ ɖʋʋ, tɛtʋ kɩ-pandʋ tɩlʋ nɛ tɩ-yɔɔ haɖaʋ.
Kaapɩ
Kaapɩ kɛŋna Afrika nɛ Hadɛ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ natʊyʊ sɔnɔ taa yɔ tɛtʊ ndʊ lɛ Kaapɩ ŋgʊ kɩwɛna wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa yɔ kɩ-tɛ tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ. Ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1910 kɛ Kaapɩ tɛtʊ kɛna Afrika nɛ hadɛ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa paɣtʊ lɩzɩyaa kpelaɣ wɛɛ yɔ; Pireetoriya ñɛkɛŋna tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa komina tʊma sɔsɔna wɛɛ yɔ nɛ Pulowemfɔntɛnɩ kɛlɛ tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ ndʊ tʊtʊ taa wɛ tɔm hʊyaa kpelaɣ yɔ. Afrika nɛ Hadɛ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ taa lɛ, tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ tɩŋga taa lɛ Kaapɩ tɛtʊ kɛŋna kɩpɩndʊ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ ɖooo piŋaɣ 1652 kɛ tikɛ sʊzɔtʊ. Afrika taa payɩ lɛ tɛtʊ tʊnɛ ndʊ kɩlɩna wɛʊ nɛ hadɛ kiŋ. Aliwaatʊ ndʊ Afrika nɛ Hadɛ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa ɛyaa kʊlʊmaa nɩ pɩ-taa se paanɩ ɛkɛ ɛyʊ lɛ (mbʊ payaɣ se Apartheid yɔ) pʊwayɩ lɛ, tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa ɛyaa mba po-tomnasi sidaa yɔ pɛwɛ nɩɩnɩwa (50) kɛ mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ nɛ eyaa kʊlʊma kɛ 27 kɛ mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ, piyele ɛyaa kɩkpɛɛdaa ñɛwɛɛ 23 kɛ mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ ɖɔɖɔ. Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-walanzɩ landammm taa maɣna ɛkɩtaarɩnaa 40 028 ha yaa kilomɛtanaa 400,28. Pɩnaɣ 2001 pakalɩ kɩgalʊʊ lɛ, ɛyaa 827 218 kɛ panaa piyele pɩnaɣ 2007 taa lɛ, ɛyaa kpɛnda 3 497 000. Kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pakɩlʊ yɔɔdʊʊ yɔ ŋgʊ lɛ Englɩsɩɩ pʊwayɩ lɛ afrikansi ɛlɛ pɩkɛ tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ hɛkʊ taa kɔyɔ, kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pakɩlʊ yɔɔdʊʊ yɔɔ kʊkʊ lɛ afrikansi pʊwayɩ lɛ aŋgilisi nɛ pɩɖiɣna ikisihoza (xhosa). Ɛzɩ ajɛya lɛɛna taa tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ lɛɛtʊ yɔ, Kaapɩ tɛtʊ nɛ ajɛyaa naayɛ taa ñɩndʊ paɖʊ nɔɔ nɛ palakɩ tʊma kʊɖʊma nɛ anaa yɔ: Niisi (Fransɩɩ), Piini (Ɛɛndɩ) nɛ Adana (Turki).
Payaɣ kaapɩ tɛtʊ yɔɔ cɔnɩyʊ kɩfalʊ se Patricia de Lille (DA).
Liibii
Liibii kɛna Afrika nɛ hayʊ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ nɛ ɖɩwɛ ajɛya wena awɛ Maagrɛbɩ taa yɔ. Liibii nɛ hayʊ kiŋ lɛ, Mediteraanee teŋgu, wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa lɛ Alzeerii nɛ Tunizi, Hadɛ kiŋ lɛ Niizɛɛrɩ nɛ Caadɩ, pɩkazɩ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ Liibii sɩ kamaɣ nɛ Suudaŋ nɛ Egipiti.
Walanzɩ taa lɛ, ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩkɛ naanza ñɩŋɖɛ Afrika taa nɛ 18 ñɩnɖɛ keteŋga kpeekpe taa. Ɖɩwalanzɩ taa maɣna 1 759 540 km2. Peeɖe ɛyaa makɩɣna ɛzɩ miliyɔɔnaa looɖo yaa litoozo yɔ. Tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ kɔyɔ Tiripoolii nɛ ɛyaa kpɛndɩ miliyɔɔnaa kʊɖʊmʊʊ nɛ kutokiŋ litoozo. Pʊwayɩ lɛ Pɛŋgazɩ (650 000), Misirata (350 000) nɛ Ɛlɩ-Beyida (250 000). Ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-ñɩm kpilina karazɩm yɔɔ.
Liibii mʊ kɩ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ kɛ mɩnzɛma fenaɣ pɩnaɣ 1949. Weyi ɛɛɖa kelaɣ yɔɔ caɣʊ yɔ ɛnʊ lɛ Wiyao Idris Ier. Ɛ-hɩɖɛ sɔsɔyɛ kɔyɔ Sidi Muhammad Idris al-Mahdi al-Sanoussi.
Pɩnaɣ 1969 kɛ Ɖiiyu Mouammar al-Kadhafi kʊ ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊtʊ Idris Ier nɛ ɛkpaɣ kpelaɣ nɛ eɖiyu ɛ-ɛjaɖɛ ɛzɩ Egipiti ɛjaɖɛ ñɩnʊ Gamal Abdel Nasser yɔ.
Kpaɣ lɛlaɣ fenaɣ 2011, mba pakaɖɩɣna kewiyaɣ yɔ papazɩ ñɩnɩɣ se pʊwɛ ɛzɩmaa yɔ Kadhafi kʊyɩ kpelaɣ yɔɔ. Ñam ñam lakasɩ la nɛ minisri weyi ɛcɔŋna tɔm hʊʊ yɔɔ yɔ pasɩ-ɩ kpelaɣ yɔɔ se ɛcɔna ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ nɛ ɛɛñɔɔzɩ takayasɩ ɖʊzʊʊ. Pɩla mbʊ nɛ hɛɛɛ hɛɛɛ pɔkɔɔ pehiu Mouammar al-Kadhafi pakpa-ɩ nɛ pakʊ-ɩ aliwaatʊ ndʊ ɛcaɣ se ese nɛ ɛmɛlɩ Siriti yɔ.
Hɛɖʊʊ
Hɛɖʊʊ kɛ mbʊ pɩlɩna tɩŋ yɔ yɔ. Tɩŋ wɛ ndɩ ndɩ. Maŋgʊ tɩʊ wɛ, leemuu tɩʊ wɛ, sʊlʊʊ tɩʊ wɛ ɖɔɖɔ, pʊwɛ se ɖɩtɩlɩ se tɩŋ weyi ɛwɛ ɛjaɖɛ yɔ cɩnɛ yɔ, ɛfɛyɩ kalɩʊ. Nɛ tɩŋ ɛnʊ ɛtɩŋɛ lɛ ɛwɛna hɛtʊ. Hɛtʊ wɛ ɖɔɖɔ ndɩ ndɩ. Hɛtʊ natʊyʊ wɛ ɖɔɖɔ nɛ payaɣ tʊ sɩse sɔziŋ hɛtʊ. Hɛtʊ ndʊ tɩbɩsʊ na pee nɛ pɔtɔkɩ. Ɛlɛ pɩtɛkɛ paa pee wena pɔtɔkɩ, pee nayɩ wɛ ɖɔɖɔ nɛ awazʊ se palakɩna kɔyɛ. Ɖɩkpaɣ ɛzɩɩ samloye pee mbɩ yɔ yɔ, panaŋgʊ nɛ ɛyʊ ñɔ, yee e-lotʊ ɛwʊ kɔyɔ. Hɛɖʊ ɛtalɩ kɔyɔ, piye ɛɛlʊ.
Hɛɖʊʊ hɔma ɛyʊ lɩmasaɣ nɛ kʊjɔlɔ kiŋ ɖoo lɔŋ mbʊ labɩna nɛ, ɛyʊ kpaɣ hɛɖʊʊ kɩwasɩɩ nɛ ɛlakɩna ajana wondu. Ajana wondu ndʊ, tɩwazɩɣ ɛyʊ nɛ ɛyɔzɩ awayɩ nɛ kuduyuŋ pɛɣdɛ payɩɣ. Hɛtʊ natʊyʊ wɛ nɛ tɩ-sɔŋ yɔ lɛ, pahayʊ tʊ sɩŋŋ. Tɩ-haɖaʊ payaɣ se floriculturɛ.
Piresiili
Amerika nɛ Hadɛ Kiŋ ajɛya taa lɛ, Piresiili ɛjaɖɛ kɩlɩna walʋʋ. Ɖɩ-samaɣ kɩlɩna ɖɔɖɔ ɖɔʋ. Ɖɩwalaa ɛzɩ kilomɛtakakɩnaa 8 515 767 mbʋ yɔ. Ɖɩ-ɛyaa kɛkɛ ɛzɩ miiliyɔɔwaa 201 yɔ pɩnaɣ 2013 n̄ɩŋa taa. Kedeŋa kpeekpe ajɛɛ taa lɛ, Piresiili kɛnɩna ɖɔɖɔ ɛjaɖɛ kagbaanzɩ n̄ɩnɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩkɩlɩ walʋʋ nɛ ɖɩ-ɛyaa kɩlɩ ɖɔʋ yɔ. Pɩnaɣ 2013 n̄ɩŋa taa lɛ, Piresiili kɛkɛnɩna kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ ɛjaɖɛ lʋbɛ n̄ɩŋɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-tɔsʋʋ huwaa nɛ pɩkɩlɩ yɔ. Ɖɩ-ɛsɩndaa lɛ, ɖɩnaɣ Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ. Preziili kɛwɛna pɩnaɣ ŋ́ga ka-taa dɔɔlaarɩ waa ɛgbaŋ 2 243. Yee pɛtɛyɩ Amerika nɛ Hadɛ Kiŋ tɛtʋ tɔm naalɛ yɔ, Piresiili kpaɣ hɔɔlʋʋ kʋɖʋmʋʋ mpilim. Ɛ nɛ Siilii nɛ Ekowatɛɛrɩ pa-ajɛɛ ɖeke tasɩɩna nɛ ɖama kamasɩ. Piyele ɛ nɛ ajɛɛ lɛɛna kpeekpe pasɩna ɖama kamasɩ.
Piresiili ɛjaɖɛ kɛwɛ yomiye taa waasɩ sakɩyɛ Pɔrtigaalɩ n̄ɩmba nesi tɛɛ. Halɩ nɛ sɔnɔ mbʋ yɔ, ɖi-ɖeke ɖɩkɛnɩna Pɔrtigaalɩ n̄ɩmba n̄ɩm Amerika tɛtʋ taa. Mbʋ yebina nɛ pɔyɔɔdʋʋ Pɔrtigaalɩ n̄ɩmba kʋnʋŋ Preziili ɛjaɖɛ tʋma ɖɩlaɖɛ taa. Kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ, Piresiili ɛjaɖɛ taa pakɩlɩɣ Pɔrɩtɩgɛɛ kʋnʋŋ yɔɔdʋʋ. Piresiili wɛ ajɛɛ wena ayɔɔdʋʋ Pɔrɩtɩgɛɛ kʋnʋŋ kʋnʋŋ yɔ, a-ŋgbɛyɛ taa. Amerika nɛ hadɛ kiŋ ajɛɛ taa lɛ, Ɛsɩpaañɔlɩ kʊnʊŋ pakɩlɩɣ yɔɔdʋʋ, pʋwayɩ lɛ, Pɔrɩtɩgɛɛ kʋnʋŋ. Paakɩlɩɣ-kʋ yɔɔdʋʋ Amerika Laatiini ɛjaɖɛ taa.