cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Pɩyɛ pɩnzɩ (Age de la Pièrre)
Pɩyɛ kɩsɛyɩyɛ wɛɛ yaa pɩnzɩ, pɩkɛ kɩbɩnjaazɩ alɩwaatʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa ɛyaa lukaɣ wondu nɛ kaaŋ nɛ halɩ pɔkɔɔ patɩlɩ miŋ lubu yɔ. Ɖasɩ nɛ mɔɔ palakaɣ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ ɛlɛ, pɩyɛ nɛ kɔzɩ kɔzɩ pɩcakpalamɩyɛ, palakanaɣ tʊmɩyɛ nɛ polukina wondu ndʊ tɩpɩɣɩɣ nɛ ɖɔɖɔ you wondu. Pɩyɛ wɛɛ ɖeɖe nɛ sɔnɔ pɩsa tɔmʊʊ kɩkpadɩyʊ nɛ pɔsɔɔlɩ nɛ patayɩ-ɩ hɔɔlɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ. Hɔɔlɩŋ ɛnʊ yɔ pɛɛ saɣʊ alɩwaatʊ nɛ pɛɛ wondu alɩwaatʊ nɛ pɛɛ wondu kɩfaatʊ alɩwaatʊ. Kɩbɩnjaazɩ wɛɛ ana pɛtɛyɩ-yɛ ɖɔɖɔ sakɩyɛ. Pɩlʊʊ kpɛlɛkʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ alɩwaatʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa lɛɛzʊʊ pɩlɩna lone caɣyɛ cɔlɔ nɛ tɔmɩŋ weyi ɛyʊ ɖɔka yɔ ɛ-cɔlɔ. Paa ɛyʊ ɛpɩzɩɣ yɔɔdʊʊ pɩyɛ alɩwaatʊ tɔm kʊɖʊm taa kɔyɔ, ɛyaa nabɛyɛ sakɩyɛ taatɩlɩ kaʊ ñɩɣlɩm tʊmɩyɛ naɖɩyɛ halɩ pacaɣ pa-kɩsɩŋgɩlɩtʊ taa pʊkɔɔ pɩtalɩ ɛsakuliye kɩfam lɛɛzɩtʊ alɩwaatʊ. Ɛlɛ ɖɩpɩzɩɣ ɖɩtɔɔ kʊɖʊm taa wɛɛ ana apaza pɩtalɩ ɛzɩ pɩnzɩ miiliyɔɔ naa naalɛ nɛ hɔɔlʊʊ mbʊ yɔ. Alɩwaatʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa kɛ kajalaɣ ɛyaa paɣzɩ lubu wondu. Ɖɩmaɣzɩ sakɩyɛ taa se wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ kɩmaɣnɩyɛ taa ajɛyɛ nɛ Azii nɛ hadɛ-wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa ajɛyɛ sʊ wɛɛ ana a-taa kɛ pɩyɛ alɩwaatʊ tɛmtʊ cɔlɔ ɛzɩ pɩnzɩ 6000 pʊcɔ palʊlɩ Yeesu-Krɩstʊ. Eerɔpʊ nɛ Azii hɔɔlʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩkazaa yɔ nɛ Afrika kedeŋga kɛ pɩnzɩ 4000 pʊcɔ palʊlɩ Yeesu-Krɩstʊ nɛ Amerika ɛsakuliye kɛ pɩnzɩ 2500 pʊcɔ palʊlɩ Yeesu-Krɩstʊ.
Sudaanɩ
Suudanɩ kɛna Afrika nɛ hayi kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ nɛ ajɛya wena acɔ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ nɛ ata yɔ ana yɔ: hayi kiŋ lɛ Liibii nɛ Egipiti, wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ Tengu Kɩsɛɛmʋʋ, Eeriitree nɛ Etiyɔɔpii ajɛya, piyele nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa lɛ, Santirafriki nɛ Caadɩ, pɩkazɩ nɛ hadɛ kiŋ lɛ, Sudaanɩ Hadɛ Kiŋ.
Kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pakɩlɩɣ yɔɔdɩɣ peeɖe yɔ ŋgʊ lɛ Araabɩ pielen Englɩsɩɩ lɛ pɩnaɣ 2005 taa kɛ kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ kɩpɩsa ŋgʊ pɔyɔɔdɩɣ lɛɛlɛ komina tʊma taa kaɣlɛyɩtʊ yɔ.
Christophe Colomb
Palʊla Christophe Colombe kɛ kpaɣ kɩyɛɛna fenaɣ 25 nɛ aloma fenaɣ 31 pɩnaɣ 1451 kɛ Zɛɛnɛsɩ tɛtʊ taa nɛ ɛsɩ agoza fenaɣ nɛɛlɛ pɩnaɣ 1506 kɛ Faladolidi, Ɛsɩpaañɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa. Christophe Colombe kɛ kpɩyʊʊ sayʊ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʊ kpaɣ pɩnzɩ mɩnɩŋ hiu nɛ kagbaanzɩ nɛ mɩnɩŋ hiu nɛ looɖo pa-taa. Ɛkɛ ɖɔɖɔ ɛjaɖɛ takʊʊ woɖu. Ɛ-tʊmɩyɛ nɖɩ ɛlakaɣ-ɖɩ nɛ pɩcɛlɩna Ɛsɩpañɔɔlɩ tɩnaa Isabelle Castille nɛ Ferdinand Aragon.
Christophe Colombe kɛna ɖooo canaɣ taa weyi ɛlɛɣa tɛzɩɣ Atilantiki lɩŋgamʊʊ yɔ nɛ ɛñɩnaɣ nʊmɔʊ kɩfalʊʊ se kɩɖɛɛna Ɛɛndɩ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa. Kacalaɣ taa lɛ, ɛñɩnaɣ se kiwolo tɛtʊ ndʊ payaɣ se Sipaŋgoo nɛ Sapɔŋ yɔ tɩ-taa. Kpaagbaa mbʊ lɛ, ɛlɩɩ nʊmɔʊ nakʊyʊ yɔɔ nɛ kɩwɛ Amerika nɛ Eerɔpʋ. Christophe Colomb kpaɣ pɩnzɩ naanza nɛ ɛla tʊmɩyɛ kɛ Ɛsɩpañɩ awiya nɛ paba ñayaa-ɩ se amiralɩ, Ɛndɩ wiyao tɛɛ-tʊ nɛ tɛtʊ ndʊ ndʊ ɛkaɣ lɩɣʊ--tʊ yɔɔ yɔ tɩ-yɔɔ kandɩyʊ.
Serge Prokofiev
Serge Prokofiev (yaa Ruusi kʋnʋŋ matʋ taa lɛ, Сергей Сергеевич Прокофьев), palʊla-ɩ ɖomaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 23 pɩnaɣ 1891 alɩwaatʊ taa kɛ Sontsovka (Ekaterinoslav komina taa kɛ Ruusii tɛ Ampiiri taa) ɛsɩ lakɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 5 pɩnaɣ 1953 Mɔsɩkʊʊ tɛtʊ taa (URSS), ɛɛkɛ hendu lɩzɩyʊ Ruusii ɛjaɖɛ minziiki cɔlɩɩ ŋgʊ taa nɛ ɛmakaɣ piyano nɛ ɛtɛ ɛkɛ hendu lɩzɩyaa ñʊʊ tʊ.
Christophe Colomb
Christophe Colombe nana ɛ-ɛsɛ maɣmaɣ nɛ pʊcɔ ɛsɩkɩ se ɛ-tʊmɩyɛ feyɩ kamaɣ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ ɛ-tamaɣŋga ɛɛɖʊwa se ɛtalɩɣ-kɛ yɔ, ɛtalɩ-kɛ: ɛlɩ Ɛɛndɩ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ. Pɔyɔɔdɩɣ ɛ-yɔɔ tɔm se ɛkɛna kpɩyɩŋ sayaa taa sɔdʊʊ sɔsɔ nakʊyʊ halɩ se ɛnʊ kɩlɩna. Ɛkɛ weyi ɛwɛna Krɩstʊ yɔɔ tɩsɩm sɩŋŋŋ yɔ nɛ politiki taa lɛ ɛɛkpakɩɣ nabʊyʊ. Esusaɣ Krɩstʊ tɔm paale nɛ ɖenɖe pakʊʊ ɛ-tɔm yɔ lɛ se ɛtɔyɩtaɣ Amerika taa ɛyaa mba palɛɣ wɛʊ peeɖe yɔ nɛ halɩ nɛ ɛpɩsɩ-wɛ yoma.
Serge Prokofiev
Ɛkɛ hendu sakɩyɛ lɩzɩyʊ, ɛlakaɣ kɛlɛm kɛlɛm waa nɛ amʊʊza sakɩyɛ ɛtɛ alɩwaatʊ taa nɛ ɛ-hɩɖɛ sɛɛ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ ɛɛwɛna lɩmaɣza siŋ pɩkɩlɩ ɛtɛ alɩwaatʊ taa tɛ lɩmaɣza. Ɛkɛ sukuli pɩɣa Saint-Pétersbourg samaɣ tʊmɩyɛ ɖɩlaɖɛ taa, ɛwa nɛ ɛmʊ Anton Rubinstein tɛ kɩhɛyʊ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ ɛnʊ kaawɛna weewe piyano mabʊ hɔɔlʊʊ taa. Kpaɣna pɩnzɩ 1918 ŋtalɩ 1936, ɛlaba pɩnzɩ sakɩyɛ ajɛyɛ lɛɛna taa nɛ etisi nɛ ɛpɩsɩ ɛtɛ ɛjaɖɛ taa URSS ɖenɖe paɖʊɣa-ɩ hɩɖɛ nɛ pɛcɛ-ɩ ɖɔɖɔ yɔ. Ɛnʊ nɛ Joseph Staline pasɩba kɩyakʊ kʊyʊmʊ.
Sontsovka kɛ lone nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa palʊla Prokofiev yɔ, ɖɩwɛ Ruusi tɛ Ampiiri taa kɛ Ekaterinoslav komina taa. Ɛ-caa kɛ haɖaʊ lɔŋ tasʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ ñʊʊ tʊ sɔsɔ haɖaʊ nɔmɔʊ taa. E-ɖoo, Maria Grigorievna, kɛ halʊ weyi ɛkpɛlɛkʊʊ piyaa camɩyɛ yɔ, ɛ-tʊmɩyɛ ɖɔɖɔ kɛlɛ piyaanoo mabʊ nɛ ɛkɛ ɛ-pɩyalʊ tɛ kajalaɣ wɩlɩyʊ. Serge pɩjatʊ kaawɛ ɖeu ɖɩɣa sɔsɔyɔ nakɛyɛ taa ɖenɖe e-ɖoo makaɣ-ɩ Beethoven, Chopin, Tchaikowsky nɛ Rubinstein. Miziiki hɔɔlʊʊ taa kʊjɔŋ kɔŋ pɩɣa sakɩyɛ sakɩyɛ mbʊ lɛ, e-ɖoo tɩlɛzɩɣ lɩmaɣza mbʊ se ɛɖʊ-ɩ miziiki tʊmɩyɛ nɔmɔʊ taa.
Pɩnaɣ 1900 taa lɛ, ɛwɛna pɩnzɩ lutozo kɛlɛ, ɛtɩŋɩ e-ɖoo Mɔsɩkʊʊ tɛtʊ taa ɖenɖe ewoba ɛna peteu laŋɩyɛ taa wɩzasɩ hendu yɔ. Ɛpɩsa Sontsovka lɛ, eteɣ natʊyʊ piyaa, kɩɖalʊ. Pɩnaɣ 1902, alɩwaatʊ taa lɛ, e-ɖoo kɔɔ nɛ ɛnɛ-ɩ pɛwɛɛ Mɔsɩkʊʊ tɛtʊ se pɩsa nɛ ɛpaɣzɩ sukuli ɛ-nɛ wɩlɩya ma-hɩɖɛ kʊyaa waa. Kajalaɣ lɛ, ɛpaɣzɩ lɩzɩtʊ nɛ wɩlɩyʊ Reinhold Glière, ɛlɛ kpɛlɛlɛkɩ-ɩ laɣsɩ nɛ cɔlɩtʊ. Pɩnaɣ 1904 lɛ, e-ɖoo kpaɣ lɩmaɣza se ewokina-ɩ Saint-Pétersbourg se pɩsa nɛ e-sukuli ɖɛnɛ ɛsɩnda ɛlɛ mbʊ lɛ, ɛwɛna pɩnzɩ 13.
Prokofiev tɩsʊ sukuli taa kpa lɛ, ɛpɩsɩ pɩɣa ŋga kɔtɔm wɛ ɖoŋ yɔ nɛ ekizi mbʊ payi pɩtɛma wɛʊ yɔ pɩwɛtʊ, nɛ ɛmaɣmaɣ ɛna se ɛwɛ ɖoŋ mbʊ nɛ ɛkɩlɩ lɛɛla yaa ɛ-tabala halɩ pɩtalɩ ɖɔɖɔ ɛ-wɩlɩyaa. Prokofiev ñɩŋɩ sɔsɔtʊ ɖaʊ yɔ ɛ-tʊmɩyɛ alɩwaatʊ tɩŋa taa. Pʊwayɩ lɛ, ɛyʊ ɛnʊ ɛtalɩ evebu, egbeɣta nɛ esuu wonduu ɖeu nɛ pɩwɛ cɔnaʊ nɛ ɛ-maɣmaɣ ɛwɛtʊ nɛ ɛ-lɩmaɣza tɩŋa taa wɛ ɛzɩ hama ɛyʊ sɔsɔ, mbʊ mayʊ sɔsɔ Ruusii tʊ nɔyʊ tɔma lɛ yɔ.
Takayaɣ hayʊʊ
Takayaɣ hayʊʊ kɛ payaɣna latɛŋ kʋnʋŋ taa size "papyrus". Takayaɣ hayʊʊ kʋnɛ, kɩkɛna wonuu kɩlɩzʊʊ yaa kɩlabʊʊ ŋgʋ palaba kʊnɛ mbʊ payaɣna fransɩ kʊnʊŋ taa size "fibres cellulosiques végétales". Ɛzɩ-ɩ ɖɩtɛm n̄ɔɔdʊʊ nɛ hayu kiŋ cɛnzɩ taa yɔ, takayaɣ hayʊʊ ŋgʊ, kɩwɛ tɩŋ hatʊ tɩyɛ. Hatʊ ndʊ, tɩwɛ lɛbɛ lɛbɛ nɛ tɩwɛ ɖɔɖɔ fɛlɛ fɛlɛ. Heelim ɛfɛtʊʊ kɔyɔ, pɩpɩzʊʊ pɩkpaɣdʊ pɩlɔ ɛzɩ ɖoo polinda mbʊ yɔ.
Takayaɣ hayʊʊ kʋnɛ, kɩkɛ wonuu ŋgʊ kɩwɛna wazaɣ siŋŋ yɔ. Ki-ɖeke koŋ kɩ yɔɔ papɩzʊʊ pama paa tɔm kɩmamatʊ ndʊʊ lɛ. Takayɩ hatʊʊ tʋnɛ, pɛkpɛndʊ tʊ kʊʊ nɛ pama tɩyɔ tɔm kɩkalɩtʊʊ lɛ, kɛ pɔtɔŋ size takayaɣ kɩkalaɣ (livre).
Takayɩ hayʊʊ kʋnɛ, kɩwazʊ ɖɔɖɔ siŋŋ size papɩzɩ palɩzɩ anjaʊ waa paa mba. Ɖɩtaasɔɔ ɖɔɖɔ size, takayɩ hayʊ tɔm kɩmamatʊ tɔm ɖanʊʊ lɩzʊʊ yaa maʊ n̄ɩɣʊ lakɩ nɛ paɖaɣnɩ tɔm ndʊʊ naʊ takayɩ hayʊʊ kɩfalʊʊ lɛɛkʊ yɔ. Takayɩ hayʊʊ wazʊʊ ɖɔɖɔ size paɖʊ nabʊyʊ. Kɩwazʊʊ ɖɔɖɔ size pama tɔlɩm tɔm yaa pataɣ tɔlɩm kɛ kɩyɔ nɛ pataɣɖɩ ɖoli yaa nabʊyʊ yɔɔ. Sakɩyɛ kpakʊʊ takayɩ hatʊ ndʋ nɛ polikina yaa palɩzʊʊna mbʊ payaɣna fransɩ kʊnʊŋ taa size "filtres" waa yɔ nɛ wondu lɛɛtʊ sakɩyɛ ɖɔɖɔ ndɩ ndɩ.
Seɣtuu mʋndʋsʋʋ (Laser)
Seɣtuu mʋndʋsʋʋ kɛna anasaayɩ n̄ɩɣyʋʋ ŋgʋ kʋ-tʋmɩyɛ kɛlɛ size kɩlɩzʋʋ mʋndʋsʋʋ cɛnzɩ yɔ. Seɣtuu mʋndʋsʋʋ n̄ɩɣyʋ kʋnɛ, kiliɖe ɖɩlɩyɛ taa mba payaɣ size masɛrɩ nɛ pama size "maser" nɛ fransɩ kʋnʋŋ taa. Kajalaɣ taa ɖeyi ɖeyi lɛ, pacalɩ haʋ hɩɖɛ seɣtuu mʋndʋsʋʋ n̄ɩŋgʋ kʋnʋ size masɛrɩ naʋʋ nɛ mʋdʋsʋʋ kpɛlɛkʋʋ. Fransɩ kʋnʋŋ taa lɛ pama size "maser optique".
Seɣtuu mʋndʋsʋʋ anasaayɩ n̄ɩŋgʋ kʋnɛ, kɩɖɩlɩyɛ kɛ naabʋlɛ kpɛndɩm. Pʋtɔbʋʋ size, ɖɩcɔnaɣ kɔ yɔ, ɖɩnaɣ size kɩ-taa nɛ n̄ɩɣyʋʋ kɩwalanzɩnaʋ yaa paɣlaka sɔzʋʋ n̄ɩɣyʋʋ n̄ɩŋgʋ ŋgʋ kɩwɛna naʋ kʋlɔmʋʋ yɔ. Seɣtuu mʋndʋsʋʋ wɛna kɩ-taa pɔʋ kɩɖaɣlʋʋ nakʋyʋ, nɛ kɩ-taa miŋ lɩʋ nɛ ɛwɛ tʋɖʋɖʋ yee ɛmʋwaa yɔ.
Pɩtɩŋgɛ payɩ mbɩ yɔ, pɩ-tɛ yʋsaɣ ɖeyi ɖeyi lɩzʋʋ kpɛlɛkʋʋ pɔzʋʋ size, seɣtuu mʋdʋsʋʋ anasaayɩ n̄ɩɣyʋʋ kʋnɛ, kɩ-tɛ mʋndʋsʋʋ cɛnzɩ nzɩ kɩlɩzɩsɩ wɛna siɣ siɣ mʋndʋsʋʋ n̄azɩn̄azʋ. Pʋtɔbʋ size, pɩ-tɛ kɛɛkɩŋ wɛɛ. Mʋndʋsʋʋ weluu yaa mʋndʋsʋʋ n̄azɩn̄azʋ (spectre) wɛna kɩ-taa kɛ cɛnzɩ nzɩ sɩwɛ lɩɩ lɩɩ yɔ. Sɩ-tɛ, pila ɖaɣlɩtʋ (ondes) lɩɣna pɔŋ nɛ walanzɩ tasʋʋ n̄ɩɣyʋʋ (amplificateur) yɔɔ.
Seɣtuu mʋndʋsʋʋ cɛnzɩ (raies) sɩnɛ, sɩ-tɛ mini mini pɩsʋʋ (finesse) wɛna nabʋyʋ taa kɛ kamasɩ. Pɩ-tɛ kamasɩ nzɩ, sɩwɛɛ pɩlɩɩna kɩ-tɛ pɔʋ (cavité) tɛ wɛtʋ ɖeyi ɖeyi yɔɔ nɛ walanzɩ tasʋʋ n̄ɩɣyʋʋ tɛ kpɛdɛɛ kpɛdɛɛ wiluu cɛlʋʋ ɖeɖe. Lɛɣtʋ ndɩ ndɩ yeki yaa haɣ ɖoŋ size pehuu lɩzɩtʋ (émission) nɛ pɩɖɛɛ pɔcɔɔ pila ɖaɣlɩtʋ kʋɖʋmtʋ cɔlɔ kpɛɛɛ.
Kpaɖʋ nɛɛlɛ nɛ kʋɖʋmʋ taa kɛ sakɩyɛ tɩlaa siŋŋ size seɣtuu mʋndʋsʋʋ kɛna cɛnzɩ (rayonnement) sɩpɩzʋʋ tʋma kpeekpe kɛ nazɩyʋ hɔmtʋ (électromagnétique) hɔɔlʋʋ taa ɖenɖe miŋ wɛɛ payɩ yɔ. Pila ɖaɣlɩtʋ kɛ alɩwaatʋ ndʋ tɩ-taa kaakɛ, kajalaɣ taa kɛ mbʋ payaɣwa size "maser" yɔ. Mba payaɣ ɖɔɖɔ size "micro-ondes" waa nɛ palakaana wɛ tʋmɩyɛ ɖɔɖɔ cɛnzɩ X waa hɔɔlʋʋ taa.
Paritenɔɔ
Paritenɔɔ kɛna Kuduyuu sʋsɔʋ ŋgʋ pama-kʋ nɛ kɩkɛ ɖoŋ ihosiye sɩɣkpelaɣ kumoɖe yɔ kɛ panteliki. Nɛ kɩwɛ Akropɔɔlɩ kɛ Atɛnɩ tɛtʋ taa. Paritenɔɔ kaakɛ ɛgɔlɔmɩyɛ halɩn̄ɩnɖɛ kuduyuu sʋsɔʋ kɛ Athèna. Ɛgɔlɔmɩyɛ halɩn̄ɩnɖɛ ɖɩnɛ, nɖɩ ɖɔkaɣna ɛjaɖɛ tɛtʋ sʋsɔtʋ, kɛ yoŋ alɩwaatʋ taa nɛ ɖiyeki size samaɣ ɛwɛ lɔŋ nɛ lɛɣtʋ nɛ pɩtasɩna n̄amtʋ. Pɩtɛkɛna kuduyuu sʋsɔʋ nakʋyʋ ɛzɩ ɖɩnɩɣ yɔdaɣ tobi taa yɔ. Ɛlɛ, pɩkɛna ɛyʋ nimm wɛtʋ yaa sɩɣkpelaɣ ŋga kɛfɛyɩ ɛzɩ yaa kɛtɛkɛ sɔnzɩ wonuu ŋgʋ palakaɣna-kʋ ɖooo lɔndaa kuduyuŋ sʋsɔŋ tɛɛ yɔ. Akropɔɔlɩ tɛtʋ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa kɛ panawaa kuduyuŋ kɩbɩŋ sʋsɔŋ ɛnɛ. Ɛ-taa kɛ xoanon kaawɛɛ nɛ pɩlɛɣzʋ Athéna Polias. Ɛlɛ, ɖɩnɩ size kuduyuu sʋsɔʋ kʋnɛ, kɩkɛ kriselefantiini sɩɣkpelaɣ ŋga kɛkɛ, ɛgɔlɔmɩyɛ halɩn̄ɩnɖɛ kɛ Athéna Parthénos. Pɩkɛna Phidia tʋmɩyɛ sʋsɔyɛ naɖɩ kɛlɛ mbɩ yɔ. Mbʋ pɩyɔ yɔ, pɩwaza peɖe kɛ Atɛnɩ tɛtʋ taa mba size powokina pahaɖɛ loniye nɖɩ ɖi-taa. Tɛtʋ ndʋ, tɩ-taa ɖɔɖɔ kɛ ɛjaɖɛ n̄ɩm kɛwɛɛ. Nɛ pɩwɛ mɛsaɣ tɛɛ ɛzɩ n̄ɩlɩm yɔ kɛ naos (kilos 1150 wɛɛ ɛzɩ n̄ɩlɩm yɔ nɛ pɩkpɛndɩ pɩkɛ sɩɣkpelaɣ nɛ yee pɩzaɣ miŋ ɛzɩ haŋga lɩwa yɔ, papɩzʋ pacɩɩ kɔ-yɔɔ).
Nɛ adyton lɛ, ɛlɛ taa pekpeɣlaɣ Atɛnɩ tɛtʋ taa nɛ ligue de Delos pa-n̄ɩm. Paritenɔɔ kɛna weweɣ kuduyuu ŋgʋ kɩwɛna kɩ-taa kumola sakɩyɛ wena pɔtɔza a-yɔɔ peɖe nɛ pɔn̄ɔɔzʋʋ yɛ size ɛyaa ɛtasɩ yɛ naʋ yɔ. Awɛ Greek Revival ɛjaɖɛ lɛɣtʋ matʋ taa kɛnɛ kɛ ɛ-kpɔŋ 19 taa.
Kalɩyɔm
Kalɩyɔm kɛ kpɛlɩ kpɛlɛkʊʊ tɛ pʊtʊ weyi ɛ-ñʊʊ mayaɣ kɔyɔ 31 nɛ yʊsaɣ ñɩŋa yɔ Ga. Pʊtʊna caɣyɛ pɩlɩɣ kpata taa lɛ, ɛ-tɛ nɛ egbeliye 13 nɖɛ taa nɛ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, ɛ-tɛ ñɩɣlɩm wondu ndʊ tɩfɛyɩ ñɩm yɔ tɩ-tɛ. Ɛ-maɣmaɣ e-tomnaɣ kɛ ñɩɣlɩm pɩyʊ. Ɛjaɖɛ taa ɖeɖe mbʊ ɛpɩzɩɣ se eyoli yɔ lɛ 29,76 °C nɛ mbʊ lɛ paa nɖɔkɛ-ɩ nesi taa kɔyɔ ɛpɩzɩɣ ɛyɔlɩ yem. Pana-ɩ pazɩ pazɩ bɔkɩsɩtɩ taa nɛ zɛŋkɩ ñɩɣlɩm tɛtʊ taa.
Siimii lɛɣtʋ
Kpɛlɩ kpɛlɩkɩtʋ kɛ kedeŋa lɛɣtʋ ndʋ tɩñɩnɩɣ se tɩtɩlɩ mbʋ pɩkɛ tɛtɛɛ ñɩm nɛ ɛzɩma mbʋ palakɩ-pʋ nɛ tʋmɩyɛ yɔ.
Kalɩyɔm
Mendeleïev kaayɔɔda ɛ-tɔm ɛlɛ ɛya-ɩ hɩɖɛ se ekaaluminium, pɩnaɣ 1875 palɩ ɛ-yɔɔ, ɛ-hɩɖɛ nɖɩ ɛyʊ weyi ɛñɩna nɛ ɛtɩlɩ-ɩ yɔ hana-ɩ ɖɩ, ɛlɛ yɔ Fransɩɩ kpɛlɩ kpɛlɛkɩyʊ Paul-Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran. Lɩmaɣzɩyɛ naɖɩyɛ pɩzɩɣ tɔm se hɩɖɛ kalɩyɔm lɩna ɛ-nayʊ cɔlɔ (mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ coq latɛŋ kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, pɔtɔŋ se gallus), ɛlɛ Lecoq Boisbaudran ñamaba ɛ-laŋɩyɛ taa nɛ ñɔtɔŋ ɛha hɩɖɛ pʊtʊ ɛnʊ Fransɩɩ hɩɖɛ ɖʊ yɔ. Pʊwayɩ lɛ, ɖama kpaʊ taa kɛ paya hɩla zermanɩyɔm nɛ sɩkandɩyɔm pɩlɩna ɛzɩma pɛ-tɛ ajɛyɛ hɩla yɔ Germani nɛ Scandi pɩtɩŋna ɛyaa mba papa ñɩna nɛ pana-wɛ pɔ-yɔɔ, Caama tʊ Clemens Winkler nɛ Sʊyɛdɩ tʊ Lars Fredrik Nilson.
Palakɩ tʊmɩyɛ piŋ nɛ kalɩyɔm laatriki wondu sakɩyɛ taa. Papɩzɩɣ patɩlɩ pa-taa peeɖe nabɛyɛ ɛzɩ arseniyuri kalɩyɔm tɛ ŋgʊ (GaAs), antimoniyuri kalɩyɔm tɛ (GaSb), kalɩyɔm fɔsɩfʊrɩ (GaP) nɛ kalɩyɔm siziŋ ɖɔm (GaN). Pa-taa payɩ lɛ, pʊtʊ weyi pakɩlɑ-ɩ labɩnaʊ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ yɔɔ lɛ arseniyuri kalɩyɔm tɛ ŋgʊ, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ ɛnʊ tɩŋɩɣna sɩlɩsɩyɔm wayi.
Kalɩyɔm nɛ etɛŋ nɛ ɩndɩyɔm pɛ-tɛ kpɛndʊʊ mbʊ payaɣ se kalɩnsɩtanɩ yɔ pakɩlaɣ labɩnaʊ tʊmɩyɛ miŋ saʊ kɩmaɣzɩnaʊ taa ɖooo ɛzɩ pekiziɣ mɛrɩkɩrɩ yɔ. Paana se kalɩyɔm fɛyɩ sʊtʊ pʊɖɔɔ mbʊ lɛ, ɛ-hɩɖɛ kʊyɩ mbʊ pʊ-yɔɔ ɛɛkɔŋna kaɖɛ tɔm natɩyʊ kedeŋga taa yaa ɖɔ-tɔɔnasɩ taa. Ɛlɛ pʊtʊ ɛnʊ ɛtɔkɩ ɛyʊ tomnaɣ yɔɔ nɛ halɩ pɩla heŋ.
Pasifiki Lɩŋamʋʋ
Pasifiki Lɩŋgamʊʊ kɛna lɩŋgamʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩkɩla walɩɣ lɛɛŋ payɩ keteŋga kpeekpe taa yɔ. Kɩ-walanzɩ taa makʊʊna 166 241 700 km²; yaa ɛzɩ pɛtɛya keteŋga kpeekpe tam nautozo kɔ yɔ, kɩ-ɖeke kɩkpakɩɣ hɔɔlʊʊ kpem. Pasifiki Lɩŋgamʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩwadɩɣna Océanie tɩŋga nɛ tɛtʊ ñabɩ natʊyʊ ndʊ lɩm cɔɔ nɛ pɩtaa yɔ pɩna tɛtʊ ndɩ ndɩ ndʊ lɩm cɔɔ-tʊ nɛ pɩtaa nɛ tɩtakɩlɩ poliŋ nɛ ɖama yɔ; ɛzɩ: Asia taa yɔ (Japɔŋ, Filipini, Insulinde). Asia, Ositraalii nɛ Amerika pɔpcɔna Pasifiki Lɩŋgamʊʊ kpɛɛɛ nɛ pɩtaa. Hadɛ kɩŋ lɛ, Ostraali Lɩŋgamʊʊ pɩzɩnaa. Hadɛ kɩŋ peeɖe ɖɔdɔ lɛ, caŋga ŋga ka-wayɩ alɩwaatʊ lɛzɩɣ yɔ, kɛwɛ meridien 180 ñɩŋgʊ ɖeyi ɖeyi.
Sidinee
Sidinee kɛna Ositraalii ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ natʊyʊ nɛ tɩwɛ Kaalɩ Kɩfalʊ hɔɔlʊʊ taa kiŋ nɛ pɩwɛ tɛnu ŋgʊ payaɣ se tasmani yɔ ki-kitiiliŋ cɔlɔ kpam. Pɩnaɣ 2014 taa pakalɩ kɩgalʊ lɛ, pana ɛyaa miliyɔɔnaa 4 840 000 nɛ tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-walanzɩ landammm taa wɛ kilomɛtanaa 12 300. Ositiraalii ɛjaɖɛ taa lɛ, Mɛɛlibɔrnii tɛtʊ nɛ Prisibani ñɩndʊ wayɩ lɛ, Sidinee tɛtʊ taa kɛ ɛyaa kɩla ɖɔʊ. Nɛ paa pɩɩkɛna Oseyani keteŋa kpeekpe taa ɖɔɖɔ kɔyɔ, tɛtʊ ndʊ ɖɔɖɔ taa kɛ ɛyaa kɩla ɖɔʊ.
Sidinee tɛtʊ wɛ Ositiraalii ɛjaɖɛ hɔɔlɩŋ nɩɩlɛ taa: Kumbɛrilandi kataŋga nɛ Hɔrnsibii pʊʊ pɛ-hɛkʊ taa nɛ pɔsɩ ndɩ ndɩ tɛŋgʊna tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-hɛkʊ taa. Weyi payaɣ se James Cook yɔ, ɛnʊ kɛŋna kacalaɣtʊ weyi ɛlɛɣ naʊ kɛ Sidinee tɛtʊ yɔ nɛ ɛyaa-tʊ se Jakson kidiiliŋ.Pɩɩkɛ pɩnaɣ 1770. Ɛyaʊ-tʊ hɩɖɛ nɖɩ yɔ ɛñɩnaɣ se ɛɖʊ hɩɖɛ kɛ Piritaaniki ɛjaɖɛ taa sɔdʊ sɔsɔʊ ŋgʊ payaɣ se George Jakson yɔ.
Nizɛɛrɩ Pɔɔ
Nizɛɛrɩ Pɔɔ kɛ Afrika wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa pɔɔ. Yee pɛkɛdɩɣ kɩ-ɖaɣlakɩŋ nɛ pɔsɩ lɛɛsɩ kɔyɔ, kɩkɛ naatozo ŋga. Ŋga tɩŋgʊna Niili Pɔɔ nɛ Koŋgo Pɔɔ wayɩ ɖaɣlakɩŋ taa. Nizɛɛrɩɩ Pɔɔ ŋga kapaazɩɣna Siyeeraa Leyɔɔnɩ. Peeɖe kʊyɩ cɛlɛɛmɛɛɛ nɛ pɩtalɩɣ ɛzɩ mɛtanaa 800 yɔ nɛ ɖenɖe payaɣ se Loma pʋŋ yɔ, peeɖe kapaazɩɣna. Katɩŋŋʊna Sahara nɛ pɔkɔɔ katalɩ Atɩlantiki teŋgu taa, Naajeeriya hɔɔlʊʋ taa. Nizɛɛrɩ Pɔɔ ŋga, katɩŋgʊ ajɛya looɖo nɛ kayaɣ-kɛ nɛ ajɛya naalɛ hɩlɑ.
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Ɖenɖe kɩ-lɩm falʊʊ teŋgu taa yɔ
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Sudaanɩ Hadɛ Kiŋ
Sudaanɩ Hadɛ Kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ kɛna Afrika nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ.
Ajɛya wena acɔ Sudaanɩ Hadɛ Kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ nɛ ata yɔ ana yɔ: Sudaanɩ Hayi Kiŋ, wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ, Etiyoopi, hadɛ kiŋ lɛ ajɛya naatozo: Keniiya, Ugandaa nɛ Kɔŋgo Kinsasa piyele nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ, Sentiraafriki ɛjaɖɛ.
Sudaanɩ Hadɛ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖi-taa pɔsɩ nasɩyɛ tɩŋuna nɛ sɩ-lɩm haɣ -ɖɩ mʊzʊŋ; ɛzɩ pɔɔ ŋga payaɣ se Niili Kɩhlʊmʊʊ pɔɔ yɔ.
Aloma fenaɣ naalɛ wiye pɩnaɣ 2015 taa Suudanɩ Hadɛ Kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-ñʊʊtʊ Salva Kiir maɣza ɛ-ñʊʊta sɩŋŋŋ nɛ ɛtɔ se pʊwɛɛ se pɛtɛyɩ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɛzɩ tindima 28 pɩtaakɛ hiu ɖeke mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ, nabayɛ wɛɛ nɛ paahikiɣ mbʊ pʊpɔzaa yɔ. Ɛɛsɔɔla se paa hɔɔlʊʊ ŋgʊ lɛ kɩwɛɛna ɖɔŋ kɩ-tɩ yɔɔ nɛ kɩ-sɩndaa wobu nɔmɔʊ taa.
Ɛlɛ ɛ-lɩmazɩyɛ nɖɩ, ɖɩtacaɣna nabɩyɛ, pɩkɩlɩna kewiyaɣ tɛɛ cayʊʊ kɩpɩnʊ Riek Machar. Mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ mba pakaɖaɣ nɛ kewiyaɣ nɛ pɛkɛ ɛtɛlɛm waa yɔ pɩɩwɛɛ se pakpakɩɣ Suudanɩ hɔɔlɩɣʊ sɔsɔʊ naalɛ ñɩŋgʊ.
Pʊcɔ nɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩmʊʊ ɖɩ-tɩ wɛʊ kɛ hasɩyaɖɛ fenaɣ nakʊ pɩnaɣ 2011 lɛ, Caama ɛjaɖɛ kaatɛma-ɖɩ sɩm mbʊ kɩyakʊ litoozo wiye fenaɣ kʊɖʊɣ ŋga nɛ pɩnaɣ kʊɖʊmaɣ ŋga. Kpɩtaʊ kʊɖumʊʊ wayɩ lɛ, pʊtɔbʊʊ se hasɩyaɖɛ fenaɣ 14 pɩnaɣ 2011 lɛ, paɣtʊ lɩzɩyaa ñʊʊtʊ weyi payaɣ se Joseph Deiss yɔ, ɛyɔɔdɩ kaɣlaa se Suudaanɩ Hadɛ Kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩkɛ ɛjaɖɛ 193 ñɩnɖɛ kɛ kedeŋa kpeekpe ajɛya kɩkpɛndɩɣ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ se ONU ŋgbeye yɔ.
Pɩyɛɛrɩ
Anasaayɩ sʊlʊm mbʊ ɖɩyaɣ se pɩyɛɛɖɩ, pɩkɛ sʊlʊm ɖoŋ mbʊ mbʊ palaba-pʊ nɛ lɩm nɛ niŋvidiŋ tɩŋ pee yɔ. Pɩkɛ sʊlʊm ɖoŋ mbʊ mbʊ pɩlɩnɛ tɩŋ weyi ɛ-taa wɛ cɛŋgbɛ mʊlʊm pɩtɩŋnɛ pɩdɩŋ tɛ lakasɩ nɛ ŋñɩɩ wa nɩɣyʊʊ tɛ labɩnaʊ. Pɩkɩlɩna ɖeɖ nɛ sɔnɔ alɩwaatʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-taa palakɩ-kʊ nɛ lɩm nɛ malɩtɩ yaa ɖɩpɩzɩɣ ɖɩya ɖɔɖɔ se kpamla mʊlʊm (mʊlʊm pee wena pahʊzaɣ yɔ, kajalaɣ lɛ ɔrɩgɩ nɛ nabʊyʊ taa pɔsɔzɩ pee lɛɛna) nɛ kpaɣnɛ ɖooo Hɛkʊ Alɩwaatʊ houblon. Pɩkɛ sʊlʊm mbʊ pɩkɩlɩɣ wɛʊ ɛyaa hɛkʊ taa nɛ pakɩlɩ-pʊ sɔɔlʊʊ nɔʊ yɔ. Pɩyɛɛrɩ sʊlʊm tɛ canaʊ tɔm tamsɩna wondu yɛɖɛ yɛɖɛ nɛ ɖɔɖɔ ñɩnʊʊ nɛ tɩlɩyɛ kpɛlɛkʊʊ tɛ wondu tɩna se sʊlʊm mbʊ pɩ-hɩɖɛ ɛsɛɛ sɔnɔ. Kajalaɣ mʊlʊm pee tɛ haɖaʊ kɔzɩ kɔzɩ ɔrɩgɩ nɛ épeautre (pɩkɛ pilee nakʊyʊ) lɩna Mésopotamie ɖooo pɩnzɩ 8000 pʊcɔ palʊlɩ Yeesu-Krɩstʊ. Yɛɖɛ yɛɖɛ waa tɩŋga kaawɛ mbʊ alɩwaatʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa mbʊ lɛ, ɛyʊ la pɩyɛɛɖɩ lɩmaɣza nɛ papazɩɣ-kʊ labʊ pɩnzɩ 6000 pʊcɔ palʊlɩ Yeesu-krɩstʊ. Alɩwaatʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa lɛ, payawaɣ pɩyɛɛrɩ se sikaru (pʊtɔbʊʊ matʊ taa se lɩm kpɔnɔ) kaakɛ ɛyʊ tɔɔnaɣ sɔssɔɔ. Palakaa-kɛ kɛkɛndɛyɩŋ kɩhɔbɩŋ pɩlɩnɛ pilee nɛ ɔrɩgɩ mba ɛyʊ ɖʊwaɣ lɩm taa se pɩñɩŋgɩ nɛ pehɩɣ lɩm kɩñɩŋgɩm ŋgʊ kɩhaɣ sʊlʊm ɖoŋ yɔ. Paɖʊwaɣ pɩ-taa peeɖe canelle nɛ tʊŋ num yaa sɔzɩŋ wondu ndʊ tɩkɛna yaɖʊ yɔ.
Cibuuti
Cibuuti kɛna Afrika hayʊ kiŋ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ pazɩ taa ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ. Cibuuti ɛjaɖɛ wɛ Lɩŋamʋʋ Kɩsɛɛmʋʋ nɔɔ kpɛɛɛ. Kɩnɛ ajɛya anɛ asɩ pasɩna ɖama kamaɣ: Soomaali, Etiyoopii, Eeriitiree nɛ Yeemɛɛnɩ. Cibuuti kɛ ɖɔɖɔ peeɖe tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ. Mɩsɩ kʊm fenaɣ naanza pɩnaɣ 1859 kɛ pakʊ sɔdɩɣʊ sɔsɔʊ nakʊyʊ, Henri Lambert, kɛ Taajuraa pɔɔ nɔɔ. Pɩlabɩ mbʊ lɛ, sɔɔjanaa tɩ kʊyʊ nɛ panɛ pɔ-nɔɔ ɖɛyʊ kɔmandaŋ Alphonse Fleuriot de Langle pañaɣ pana nɛ pakpa mbamba pakʊyɩ-ɩ mbʊ yɔ. Pɩwayɩ lɛ, powona-wɛ nɛ paɖʊzɩ Tuurkii sɔsaa nesi tɛɛ nɛ kɔmandaŋ ɛnʊ etiina tɔm ndʊ kɛlɛʊ yem Paarii.
Pɩnzɩ cabɩ wayɩ lɛ,Taajuraa wiyaʋ tiyina e-lone taa caɣyʊ Diny Ahmed Aboubekr nɛ Napoléon naatozo ñɩnʊ, Édouard Thouvenel, pañɩɣ takayaɣ nakayɛ taa nesi se pawɩlɩ taabalɩyɛ nɖɩ pɩwɛɛ se ɖɩwɛɛ ajɛya ana anaalɛ a-hɛkʊ taa yɔɔ. Pɩɩkɛlakɩŋ fenaɣ 11 wiye pɩnaɣ 1862. Taabalɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖiyebina nɛ Fransɩ pɩzɩ kɩya tɛtʊ ndʊ payaɣ se Obɔkɩ yɔ nɛ tɩwɛ Raasɩ-Biir cɔlɔ yɔ. Peeɖe kɛ mɛlɛnaa nɛ kpɩyɩŋ papɩzɩɣ pasɩŋgɩ. Fransɩɩ yabɩ ɖɔɖɔ kataŋga ŋga kɛwɛ Raasɩ-Ali pɩwolo pɩsɩɩna Raasɩ-Dʊmeyira nɛ hayʊ kiŋ yɔ. Pɩtɩŋa mbʊyɔ liidiya kutokiŋ Marie-Thérèse tɛ taalɛɛsɩwaa 10 000 mbʊ yɔ. Ɛlɛ ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1884 kɛ Fransi paazɩ hɔɔlɩŋ ɛnʊyɔ kpacayɩɣ; pɩɩkɛna alɩwaatʊ ndʊ kɔmandaŋ Léonce Lagarde talaa yɔ nɛ pɩɩkɛna kɩyɛɛna fenaɣ kacalaɣ ŋgʊ wiye. Pɩɩpɩ-wɛ ɖinɖe pɛhɛzɩ yɔ mbʊ pʊ-yɔɔ yɔ, palɩɩwaɣ nɛ ɖooo Madagasɩkarɩ nɛ Indoosiini.
Suluku kpɛyaɣ
Suluku ŋgʋ kɩ-taa peeɖe kɛ pɛkɛyʋ nʋmɔ woɖaa nɛ powondunaa ndɩ ndɩ sakɩyɛ. Suluku kpɛyaɣ wɛna tigiɖe tʋma kpam fefere n̄ɩna. Suluku kʋnɛ kɩwɛna kulukulu pɔbɔla kɩ-tɛɛ nɛ pɔbɔla ana, awɛ n̄ɩyasɩ tɩyɛ. Suluku kpɛyaɣ yɔ sayʋ saɣna lɔɔɖa ana. Suluku kpɛyaɣ fɛyɩ paa hɛkʋ ŋgʋ kɩ-taa ɛzɩ haba cikpena lɛɛna yɔ.
Tɔm piye suluku kpɛyaɣ «chemin de fer» tɔbʋʋ ɖɔɖɔ kɛlɛ size kpɛm tʋma kɩlaba nɛ panama Fransɩɩ kʊnʊŋ taa size "sociétés exploitantes". Ɛlɛ ɖoŋ ɖoŋ lɛ, sakɩyɛ yaa suluku kpɛyaɣ ŋga size ŋgbɛ nɛ fransɩɩ kʋnʋŋ taa lɛ, payaɣ size "compagnies". Mba palakɩ tʋmɩyɛ kɛ suluku kpɛyaɣ yɔɔ yɔ payaɣ size suluku kpɛyaɣ yɔɔ tʋmɩyɛ laɖʋ nɛ tobi fr ansɩ kʋnʋŋ taa size « cheminots ».
Tuniizii
Tuniizii kɛna Afrika nɛ hayi kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ nɛ ɖi-hayi kiŋ nɛ ɖɩ-wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ, Mediteranee teŋgu wɛna nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa lɛ Alɩzeerii ɛjaɖɛ ñɛwɛna ɖɩnɛ nɛ kamaɣ kanɛ katalɩɣ ɛzɩ kilomɛtanaa 965 yɔ, piyele nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ nɛ hadɛ kiŋ lɛ Liibii nɛ a-hɛkʊ taa kamaɣ ñatalɩɣ ɛzɩ kilomɛtanaa 459 mbʊ yɔ.
Tuniizii ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ yaa tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-hɩɖɛ kɩlɩɣ yaʊ yɔ ndʊ payaɣ se Tuniisi nɛ tɩwɛna ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖi-wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ nɛ hadɛ kiŋ. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-walanzɩ taa ɛzɩ 30 kɛ mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ kɛna Sahara Kañɩnbʊsaɣ nɛ pɩkazɩ mbʊ yɔ pʊŋ nɛ fɛɛŋ weyi ɩ-taa nɛ mʊzʊŋ pɩwɛɛ yɔ.
Ɖooo agoza fenaɣ hiu nɛ naalɛ pɩnaɣ 1881 kɛ Fransɩɩ ɛjaɖɛ paɣza ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ kɛ kpacayʊɣ nɛ pɩkɔɔ pɩsɩɩna lakɩŋ fenaɣ nɛɛlɛ pɩnaɣ 1956; pɩnaɣ ŋga ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩmʊ ɖɩ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ yɔ.
Ɖɩ-tɛ kacalaɣ ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊtʊ payawaɣ se Habib Bourguiba. Ñʊʊtʊ ɛnɛ ɛcaɣ kpelaɣ yɔɔ nɛ pɩkɔɔ pɩtalɩ pɩnzɩ hiŋ naatozo lɛ, peeɖɛ komina ñʊʊ, Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali, ñaɣ pana hɛɛɛ nɛ ɛkɛzɩ-ɩ hɔɔlɩɣ nɛ ɛkpaɣ kewiyaɣ. Ñʊʊtʊ ɛnɛ, ɛlɛ ñalaba pɩnzɩ nɛɛlɛ nɛ naatozo lɛ ɛyaa ɛnɩɣ pɩ-taa ɖɔɖɔ kpem nɛ paɖʊ nɔɔ kʊɖʊmaɣ nɛ pakʊsɩ Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali kɛ kpelaɣ yɔɔ kɔlaɣ fenaɣ hiu nɛ naanza pɩnaɣ 201.
Béji Caïd Essebsi kɛŋna Tuniizii ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊtʊ kɩfalʊ nɛ komina ñɩnʊ kɩfalʊ ɖɔɖɔ yɔ Habib Essid.
Ciyam
Ɛyʊ wɛ tɔm nabudozo taa. Tomnaɣ wɛɛ, ciyam wɛɛ nɛ fezuu n̄ɛwɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ. Fezuu haɣna tomnaɣ wezuu. Fezuu lɩɣ ɛyʊ taa lɛ, e-tomnaɣ sɩ nɛ kaɖazɩ. Piyele e-ciyam yaa ɛ-kalɩzaɣ n̄alɩɩ nɛ kapɩsɩ ka-mayʊ cɔlɔ. Pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se ciyam yaa kalɩzaɣ ɛɛsɩkɩ. Yee ḿbʊ, ciyam	yaa kalɩzaɣ kɛŋna ɛyʊ keem. Ndʊ kʊnʊmɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ n̄ɩnɩyaa n̄ɔsɔzaa yɔ Pɔyɔɔdɩ se ɖooo kiɖe tɛɛ lɛ, tɔmpiye « âme » lɩna Ebiree kʊnʊŋ taa. Payaɣ-ɖɩ nɛ Ebiree taa se « nèphèsh » nɛ caanaʊ Kɩrɛɛkɩ taa se «: psukhê », pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se wezuu. Pɔyɔɔdɩ kʊ-tɔm Takayaɣ Kiɖeɖeɣ taa. Pɩwɩlɩɣ se Ciyam yaa kalɩzaɣ kɛŋna ɛyʊ keem. Paapɩɩla ɛzɩma yɔ, tɔmpiye « « nèphèsh » lɩna yɔmpiye nɖɩ ɖɩ-tɔbʊʊ kɔyɔ se «Fezuu » yɔ ɖɩ-cɔlɔ. Latɛŋ kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, tɔmpiye « âme » lɩna tɔmpiye «anima» cɔlɔ ? Pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se mbʊ pɩha wezuu yɔ. Ɖooo caanaʊ taa papaɣzɩ maɣzʊʊ tɔmpiye « âme », ciyam yɔɔ. Lɔndɩnaa sɔsaa pana, Ɖajaa Platon nɛ Ɖajaa Aristote pɔyɔɔdɩ «ciyam» tɔm pa-takayɩsɩ sɔsɔsɩ nasɩyɛ taa.
Purkina Fasoo
Ɖooo lɛ, Fransɩɩ ɛjaɖɛ kakpacayaɣna-ɖɩ picɔ ɖɩkɔɔ ɖɩhiu ɖɩ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ kɛ pɩnaɣ 1960. Papaazɩɣ yaʊ se Purkina Fasoo yɔ pideleɖi; Thomas Sankara kewiyaɣ taa kɛ papɩsɩnaa mbʊ kɩyɛna fenaɣ nanza pɩnaɣ 1984.
Ŋ̃ʊndɩna mba peɖiya Purkina Fasoo ɛjaɖɛ pɩkɔɔ pɩsɩɩna sɔnɔ yɔ, mba yɔ: Maurice Yaméaogo (1960-1966), Sangoulé Lamizana (1966 1980 ), Saye Zerbo (1980 to 7 Kamɩŋ fenaɣ 1982), Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo (1982 to 11 Kamɩŋ fenaɣ 1983), Thomas Sankara (1983—1987), Blaise Compaoré (1987-2014), Honoré Traoré, ɛkɛna Blaise Compaoré lone taa caɣyʊ nɛ fenasi naalɛ ɖeke ɛlaba nɛ Yacouba Isaac Zida ñakpaɣ nɛ ɛlɛ la kɔzɔɖɔna naalɛ nɛ eyebina Michel Kafando, Gilbert Diendéré. Kpana salaŋ fenaɣ 2015 nɛ nnsɩɩna saŋayɩŋ fenaɣ 2015 ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, ɛnʊ cɔŋna ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-yɔɔ nɛ pɔtɔ caca nɛ palɩzɩ weyi lɛ, ɛɛkɛ Purkina Fasoo ñʊʊdʊ.
Pasɩtɛkɩ
Pasɩtɛkɩ (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai, pɩnaɣ 1916), payaɣ ɖɔɖɔ se melon lɩm, kɔzɩ kɔzɩ Fransɩɩ hɔɔlʊʊ Kanadaa ɛjaɖɛ taa, kɩkɛ ñɩɩyʊʊ tɩŋ, kɩlɩnɛ kukurɩbɩtasɩ tɩmʊʊ lide taa. Kɩ-tɛ Afrika Wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa kiŋ nɛ pahayʊʊ-kʊ sakɩyɛ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ kɩ-pee paɣlaɣ, a-lozi, a-taa mʊtʊ sɛ cɩɩɩ, pʊwɛ ɖɔɖɔ sʊtʊ lɩm tɩyɛ, pɩwɛ tɩŋ hatʊ sɛmɩŋ, pʊhʊlɩmɩ nɛ pɩtaa pee cɩkpenaa wɛ kpɛdɩŋ yaa sɛmɩŋ. Kɩ-tɛ yatʊ wɩlʊʊ kɩ-maɣmaɣ kɩ-wɛtʊ nɛ kɩpɩɣʊʊ lɛ, kɩ-yuŋ maɣna ɛzɩ kilonaa kɩgbanzɩ nɛ nɛɛlɛ hɛkʊʊ taa mbʊ yɔ.
Pʊwɛ se ɛyʊ ɛɖʊ tʊkaɣ pasɩtɛkɩ ŋgʊ pɔtɔkɩ yɔ nɛ sikiri tɛ pasɩtɛkɩ yaa sitire (citre) ŋgʊ paatɔkɩ kpaagba yɔ. Pasɩtɛ ŋgʊ payaɣ se Courge gigérine yaa Courge barbarine Fransɩ nɛ hadɛ kiŋ taa yɔ. Itaalii ɛjaɖɛ taa lɛ, payaɣ-kʊ se anguria yaa cocomero, Turki ɛjaɖɛ taa lɛ, karpuz, Pɔritigaalɩ nɛ Piresiili ajɛyɛ taa lɛ, melancia, sandia kɛ Ɛsɩpaañɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa, watermelon kɛ Ɛnglɩsɩ ɛjaɖɛ yaa ɖɔɖɔ スイカ (suika) Sapɔŋ ɛjaɖɛ taa.
Réunion ɛjaɖɛ tɛ (Ɛndɩ lɩŋgamʊʊ taa Fransɩ kuduyuu tɛ) paya pasɩtɛkɩ se melon. Pɩtɛ yiiduu mbʊ pɩlɩnɛ mbʊ pʊcɔlɔ yɔ se pɩkɛ kajalaɣ taa kɛlɛ tɩŋ piye ndɩ paɖʊ-ɖɩ lɩm hɛkʊ taa ɛjaɖɛ taa pɩtɩŋnɛ Ɛnglɩsɩ mɛlɛ sayaa cɔlɔ kpaɣɖʊ 19 alɩwaatʊ taa. Pasɩtɛkɩ ŋgʊ payaɣ Ɛnglɩsɩ taa se watermelon, lɩm hɛkʊ taa tɛtʊ yɔ mba taatɩɩsɩnda ɖooo canaʊ alɩwaatʊ taa melon tɩtɩŋga lɛ, pɛkpɛndʊʊ payaɣ se pasɩtɛkɩnaa tɩŋnɛ se melon waa. Pʊwayɩ kpanɛ kpaɣɖʊ nɛɛlɛ alɩwaatʊ taa Fransɩ mba yeba nɛ patɩlɩ melon lɛ, yatʊ Fransɩ melon lɛ, petisiɣ. Paa ɛzɩ sɔnɔ yɔɔdaɣ taa yiiduu mbʊ papɩzaɣ pɔñɔɔzɩ-tʊ sakɩyɛ taa kɔyɔ, papɩzɩɣ paɖɩɩnɛ-tʊ nɩɩɩ ɖɔɖɔ Réunion mba tɔm pee kɩpɩnɛɛ taa.
Maka
Maka kɛna Arabii-Sahʊditi ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ nɛ tɛtʊ tʊnɛ nɛ teŋu ŋgʊ payaɣ-kʊ se Pɔɔ Kɩsɛɛmaɣ yɔ nɛ kilomɛtanaa 80. Malɩŋ cɔlɔ lɛ peeɖe palʊla ɛsɔ tiiyu weyi payaɣ-ɩ se Mohamet yɔ nɛ pɩɩkɛ pɩnzɩ mɩnɩŋ looɖo taa. Maka kɛna-wɛ ɖɔɖɔ ɖenɖe pɩkɛna kɩcɛyʊ kɛ paa malʊʊ ŋgʊ lɛ se kɩɖɔ nʊmɔʊ kɩɖeɖeu nɛ payaɣ elewu kɛ pɛ nɛ pɩwayɩ lɛ pasʊlɩmɩ Ala kɛ ñɩm mbʊ pɔsɔɔla yɔ. Paaɖɔŋ pa-nʊmɔʊ kiɖeɖeu lɛ, pɔcɔʊ pɩyɛ kiɖeɖeye naɖɩyɛ nɛ payaɣ-ɖɩ se Kaaba nɛ kɩwɛ mɔsikee ŋgʊ payaɣ se Masjid Al-Haram yɔ (pʊtɔbʊ se mɔsikee kiɖeɖeu). Malɩŋ cɔlɔ lɛ pɩtɛ sɔnzɩ nzɩ sɩñɔ pɔ-cɔzɔ weyi payaɣ-ɩ se Ibrahim yɔ ɛ-cɔlɔ nɛ pɩtaha nɔɔyʊ nʊmɔʊ se ɛñɔtɩna Kaaba ŋgʊ yee ɛtɛkɛ malʊʊ kɔyɔ. Malɩŋ tɛ paɣtʊ taa lɛ pɩkɛna paa malʊ ŋgʊ lɛ kɩjɛyʊ se kɩɖɔ nɔmɔʊ kiɖeɖeu ŋgʊ tam kʊɖʊmbʊ e-wezu taa yee ɛpɩzʊ kɔyɔ. Maka tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩwɛ Arabii-Sauditi nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa nɛ tɩwɛ Hɛjajɩ nɛ Aziri pɛ-hɛkʊ taa. Teŋu kidiiliŋ ŋga payaɣ-kʊ se Ceda yɔ kiposina tɛtʊ ndʊ nɛ kilomɛtanaa ɛzɩ 80 yɔ. Pɩnaɣ 2012 taa pakalɩ kɩgalʊ lɛ ɛyaa kpɛnda 1 547 360. Tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ tʊnɛ tɩɖɛɣʊ nɛ ɛsɩnda kpem yɔ pɩlɩɣna nɔmɔʊ kiɖeɖeu ŋgʊ malɩŋ ɖɔŋ paa pɩnaɣ ŋga yɔ. Peeɖe ɛyaa pɩzɩɣ patalɩ miliyɔɔnaa naalɛ pɩkɩlɩna alɩwaatʊ ndʊ Ramadaŋ fenaɣ talɩɣ lɛ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ ɛyaa lɩɣna ajɛya ndɩ ndɩ se powoki atima. Malɩŋ wokɩɣ maka yɔ papɩsɩɣ nɛ pekpe lɛ papɩsa aljiwaa yaa pɩkɛ halaa kɔyɔ papɩsɩʊ aziyawaa. Maka wobu wɛ kaɖɛ; pɩpɔzʊ liidiye siŋŋŋ.
Pɩnaɣ 2012 taa Malɩŋ weyi ewoba yɔ pamaɣna ɛzɩ milɩyɔɔnaa naatozo ɖeke yɔ, ŋgʊ ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ malɩŋ tala ɛzɩ miliyari kʊɖʊmʊ nɛ hɔɔlʊʊ yɔ. Pʊtɔbʊʊ se Malɩŋ mɩnʊʊ yɔɔ lɛ, 0,2 ɖeke wobina-kʊ. Kaaba kɩ-kʊyɩmɩŋ taa maɣna mɛtanaa hiu nɛ kagbanzɩ (15) nɛ Malɩŋ tɔŋ se kacalaɣ weyi ɛsɔ lɩza nɛ paya-ɩ se Adam ɛnʊ ɛmana kaaba ŋgʊ nɛ pʊcɔ Ibrahim nɛ ɛ-pɩyalʊ Ismaïl.
Tunisi
Tunisi kɛna ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ taa tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ natʊyʊ. Ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ lɛ Tuniizii ɛjaɖɛ. Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩwɛ Tuniizii ɛjaɖɛ nɛ hayʊ kiŋ nɛ tɩñɔtɩna lɩm pɔɔ ŋga payaɣ kɛ se Tunisi yɔ kɛ-tɛ ɛwadɩyɛ cɔlɔ. Tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-hɛkʊ taa kɛ tɛtʊ natʊyʊ wɛɛ nɛ tɩwɛ ɖeu kamaɣ fɛyɩ nɛ paɖʊ-tʊ ɛsɩyɛ ekpena pɩlɩʊ sɔsɔʊ taa.
Pɩlɩʊ ŋgʊ lɛ keteŋa kpeekpe ajɛya ɖʊ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ nɛ ɖɩcɔŋna ɛsakuliye nɛ ɛsɩndaa wobu yɔ nɛ nɖɩ payaɣ se UNESCO. Ɖooo lɛ payawaɣ tɛtʊ tʊnɛ se Puurigaadi pɩkɔɔ pɩsɩɩna salaŋ fenaɣ nɛɛlɛ pɩnaɣ 1159. Pɩkɔma pɩnaɣ 1228 lɛ, papaazɩ yaʊ camɩyɛ se Tunisi nɛ Lakɩŋ fenaɣ nɛɛlɛ pɩnaɣ 1956 Tuniizii ɛjaɖɛ mʊ ɖɩ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ lɛ, Tunisi tɛtʊ pɩsɩ camɩyɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ siŋŋŋ. Tuniizii ɛjaɖɛ taa lɛ, Tunisi tɛtʊ kɛŋna tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa tɔsʊʊ, ɛsɩndaa wobu nɛ tadɩyɛ labʊ kɩla wɛʊ. Pɩnaɣ 2012 taa pakalɩ kɩgalʊ kɛ Tunisi tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-taa lɛ, pɛkpɛnda ɛyaa 638 845 ɛlɛ yee pɩnaɣ 2014 taa patasɩ ɛyaa kalʊ lɛ, pɛkpɛnda miliyɔɔnaa 2 643 695. Payaɣ Tunisi tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-tɛ maalika yɔɔ cɔnɔyʊ kɩofalʊ se Seifallah Lasram.
Malawii
Malawii kɛna Afrika nɛ haɖɛ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩwɛ Moozambiiki, Sambii nɛ Tanzanii pɛ-hɛkʊ taa.
Ɖooo lɛ, Pɔrɩtigaalɩ mba kaakɛna anasayɩwaa mba paalɛɣ wobu peeɖe yɔ. Pɩɩkɛna alɩwaatʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa pɛpɛdaɣ yomaa yɔ, nɛ cɔɔcɩ ŋgʊ payaɣ se presipiteri yɔ kɩtʊlɩ ɛsɔ sɛtʊ kpaamɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ se pɩhʊʊ ɛlɛ pɩɩsaŋ.
Pɔritigalɩ wayɩ lɛ Piritaaniki mba kpacayaɣna ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ. Pʊkɔma pɩtalɩ pɩnaɣ 1962 lɛ kɩmʊ kɩ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ. Banda kɛ komina ñʊʊtʊ kɔlaɣ fenaɣ kacalaɣ wiye pɩnaɣ 1963 ɛlɛ Piritaaniki mba cɔŋnana liidiye nɛ tɔsʊʊ yɔɔ, sɔɔjanaa nɛ ɖiu ɖiu caɣʊ yɔɔ pɩtasɩna tɔm hʊʊ ɖeɖe. Pɩtalɩɣ hasɩ yaɖɛ fenaɣ looɖo pɩnaɣ 1964 kɛ Malawii mʊ kɩ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ sɩŋŋŋ.
Ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa ɖiu ɖiu caɣʊ kɔma nɛ pɩwɛɛ lɛ, paɖʊ paɣtʊ se pɩnzɩ nanza wayɩ kɛ palɛzʊ ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊtʊ. Pɩnaɣ 2004 paɖʊza takayasɩ lɛ palɩzɩ Bingu wa Mutharika se ɛkɛna peeɖe ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊtʊ. Pɩkɔma pɩtasɩ ɖʊzʊʊ pɩnaɣ 2009 ɛlɛ patasɩ-ɩ lɩzɩɣ ɖɔɖɔ.
Ɛsɩba ɖomaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ naalɛ pɩnaɣ 2012 nɛ ɛ-tɛɛ tʊ weyi payaɣ se Joyce Banda. Peter Mutharika yɔ ɛlɛɣzɩ-ɩ. Pɩkɔma paɖʊzɩ takayasɩ ɛlɛ Bingu wa Mutharika ɖalʊ kpaɣ kpelaɣ agoza fenaɣ 31 pɩnaɣ 2014.
Patrice Lumumba
Palʋla Patrice Émery Lumumba hasɩyaɖɛ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ naalɛ ñɩŋʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1925 Onalua tɛtʋ taa. Onalua tɛtʋ kɛ Kɔŋgo Pɛlɩjɩ (Congo Belge) ɛjaɖɛ tɛtʋ natʋyʋ. Patrice Lumumba wona sɔsaa mulum kɔlaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʋ hiu nɛ lʋbɛ (17) ñɩŋʋ wiye, pɩnaɣ 1961 taa. Patrice Lumumba tasɩ ɛ-sɩm kɩsɩbʋ, ɛlɛ, pakʋ-ɩ kʋkʋʋ.
Katanga tɛtʋ taa, village ŋgʋ kɩñɔtɩna Mwadingusha egetiye kpam yɔ, kɩ-taa pakʋ-ɩ.
Patrice Lumumba kɛkɛ Kɔŋgoo Pɛlɩjɩ ɛjaɖɛ kewiyaɣ nɔɔyɔɔ tʋ kpaɣ mɩsɩkʋm fenaɣ nɛ puwolo pɩsɩɩna salaŋ fenaɣ, pɩnaɣ 1960 ñɩŋa taa. Ɛ nɛ sɔsɔ weyi payaɣ se Joseph Kasa-Vubu yɔ, palakaɣna tʋmɩyɛ. Ɖajaa Joseph Kasa-Vubu kɛ Kɔŋgoo Pɛlɩjɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa sɔsaa mba palʋba siŋŋ nɛ ɛjaɖɛ ńɖɩ, ɖɩlɩɩ ɖi-yomiye taa yɔ, pa-taa lɛlʋ.
Patrice Lumumba pasɩma Kɔŋgoo Pɛlɩjɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa se ɛnʋ kɛŋna kalalaɣ waɖʋ ɛjaɖɛ ńɖɩ ɖɩ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʋ lʋbʋ nʋmɔʋ taa.
Ɛ-tɛ sukuli labʋ nɛ ɛ-tʋmɩyɛ
Patrice Lumumba laba anasaayɩ naa Katoliki sukuli ɛtɛ. Ɛlakaɣ tʋmɩyɛ siŋŋ e-sukuli taa. Ɛlaba ɖɔɖɔ Prɩmaanɩ waa sukuli. Prɩmaanɩ waa sukuli ŋ́gʋ, Suweduwaa ɛjaɖɛ taa ɛyaa tʋlɩna-kʋ Kɔŋgoo Pɛlɩjɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa.
Pɛlɩjɩ ɛjaɖɛ kacaɣna Kɔŋgoo ɛjaɖɛ ñʋʋ yɔɔ, pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se, Pɛlɩjɩ ɛjaɖɛ ñazaɣna Kɔŋgoo ɛjaɖɛ taa ñɩma. Pɛlɩjɩ ɛjaɖɛ ńɖɩ, ɖɩtaɖʋ nesi siŋŋ se sukuli labʋ ɛɖɛɛna ɛsɩndaa camɩyɛ Kɔŋgoo ɛjaɖɛ taa, halɩ pʋkɔɔ pɩtalɩ pɩnaɣ 1954 ñɩŋa taa. Anasaayɩ naa Katoliki sukuli naa ɖeke kakɩlɩna wɛʋ.
Pɩnaɣ 1954 taa Kɔŋgoo ɛjaɖɛ taa sukuli wɩlɩyaa nabɛyɛ ɖʋ ŋgbɛyɛ naɖɩyɛ nɛ ŋgbɛyɛ ńɖɩ, ɖɩlʋkɩ se sukuli labʋ ɛɖɛɛna ɛsɩndaa Kɔŋgoo Pɛlɩjɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa. Ɛlɛ, patawɩlɩɣ sukulipiya se sɩɩkɔɔ sɩpɩsɩ lɔŋsɩnɖaa sɔsaa kɛ cee yɔɔ, pɛkpɛlɛkaɣ-sɩ nesi tɛɛ tʋma labʋ siŋŋ kɛna. Ɛlɛ, Patrice Lumumba ñɛcɛyɩ ɛ-tɩ kpem nɛ ɛla caanaʋ tɔm sukuli.
Suluu kʊnʊŋ
Suluu kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ kɩ-ta lɛ, isiZulu, kɛ kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ kɩ-tɛ nɛ ŋguni ɖɩɣa taa yɔ. kɩ-ta peeɖe ɖɩnaɣ Xhona nɛ Ndebele nɛ pantuu waa kʊnʊmɩŋ. Kɩ-kɛ ɖɔɖɔ kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ kɩnɩyaa ɖɔɔ sakɩyɛ yɔ Afrika Hadɛ kiŋ yɔ.
Suluu kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ ɛyaa miiliyɔɔ waa nakʊ yɔɔdʊʊ-kʊ, pada peeɖe lɛ, ɛyaa mɩnɩʊ yɔ lɛ, hɩŋ nakʊ nɛ kɩgbanzɩ wɛ Afrika Hadɛ kiŋ. Suluu kʊnʊŋ kɛna kɩwabɩɣ Kwazulu-Natal ajɛyɛ hɔɔlʊʊ, kɩ-kɛ kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ kɩkɩlɩɣ walʊʊ Mpumalanga nɛ Gauteng ajɛyɛ hɔɔlɩŋ taa. Suluu kʊnʊŋ pakɩlɩɣ yɔɔdʊʊ Afrika nɛ Hadɛ. Kɩpɩsɩɣ ɛjaɖɛ kewiyaɣ taa kʊnʊŋ lɛɛkʊ kʊnʊmɩŋ hiʊ nɛ kʊyɔm weyi ɛkɛ kewiyaɣ kʊnʊmɩŋ mɩzasɩ tɛyʊʊ alɩwaatʊ taa yɔ Afrika nɛ Haɖɛ yɔ.
Suluu ɖɩlɩyɛ hɔɔlʊʊ wɛ sɔnɔ Tanzani egetiye taa kɛnɛ. Pɛdɛ wɛʊ Afrika nɛ haɖɛ wɩlɩɣ se ɖooo kpaɖʊ hiu nɛ naanza ŋgʊ taa pɔkɔma. Ɖɔɔɖɔ ɛzɩ Afrika nɛ Haɖɛ ɛjaɖɛ taa kʊnʊmɩŋ lɛɛŋ yɔ, Suluu kɛ-kɛ kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pɔyɔɔdɔɣ-kʊ kɩyɔɔdʊʊ yɔ nɛ nɔɔ nɛ naŋgbaŋgʊʊ yɔ pɔcɔ Eerɔpʋ tɔm kɩɖeɖetʊ heyiya talɩ. Mba mana kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ nɛ latɛŋ matʊ taa.
Kɔnaɣ takayaɣ ŋga kata pama suluu tɔm kɛ Ɛsɔ tɔm lɩzɩɣ takayaɣ kiɖeɖeɣa, kalɩɣ pɩnaɣ 1883. Pʊkɔma pɩnaɣ 1901 lɛ, John Dube ɛkɛ Suluu tʊ, ɛlɩzɩɣ Ohlange Institute (en), pɩkɛ kajalaɣ sukuli ŋgʊ kɩ-ta pawɩlaɣ Afrika nɛ Haɖɛ ɛjaɖɛ taa tɔm. John Dube kɛ ɖɔɖɔ Insila kaChaka (1933), kajalaɣ ɖɔmɩŋ nzulumɩyɛ taa takayaɣ kɩkalaɣ ŋga pamana Suluu taa yɔ. Suluu mayʊ kajalaɣ ñɩnɩɣ lɛɛlʊ ʊnʊ lɛ, Reginald Dhlomo ɛlɛ ñakɛ canaʊ ɖɔmɩŋ takayasɩɣ kɩkalɩsɩɣ sakɩyɛ nzɩ sɩyɔdʊ Suluu ɛjaɖɛ taa awiya tɔm yɔ tɛ mayʊ kpaɖʊ hiu nɛ nakʊ taa.
Malebo
Malebo kɛna lɩŋgamʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩwɛ Koŋgo Pɔɔ kɛ-tɛ nɛ pɩ-tɛɛ kiŋ. Yee pakpaɣ ɛzɩ kuduyuu nɔnɔɔ kɔyɔ, Malebo lɩŋgamʊʊ kʊnɛ kɩ-ɖaalakɩŋ sɔsɔŋ kitibiŋ taa wɛ ɛzɩ kilomɛtanaa 35 yɔ nɛ kɩ-ɖaalakɩŋ weyi ɛlɛ kaɣa yɔ ɛlɛ wɛ kilomɛtanaa 23; walanzɩ landammm taa lɛ, pɩkɩla ɛzɩ kɩlomɛtanaa 400.
Kɔŋgoo ajɛya tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ ndʊ tɩ-natʊlɛ (Kɔŋgo Kinsasa nɛ Kɔŋgo Pirazaaviili) wɛ Malebo lɩngamʊʊ cemeŋje. Ɖooo lɛ payaɣa lɩŋgamʊʊ ŋgʊ se Nkundaa. Kɔŋgoo ɛjaɖɛ nɛ hayʊ kiŋ lɛ, pʊcɔ nɛ ɛyʊ talɩ Kiisaŋganii nɛ kpɩyʊʊ lɛ, ɛpɩzʊ ɛtɩŋna Mbandaka nɛ Makanza. Lɩŋgamʊʊ kʊnɛ kɩ-hɛkʊ taa nɛ tɛtʊ natʊyʊ nɛ payaɣ-tʊ se Pamʊʊ. Malebo tɔbʊʊ se pɔʊ sɔsɔʊ. Peeɖe pɔŋ sɔsɔŋ kaawɛ nɛ ɩcɔɔ pɔsɩ nzɩ nɛ pɩta.
Purundi
Purundi kɛna Afrɩka wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ ta ɛaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ nɛ teŋgu yaa lɩm nabʊyʊ tɔcɔɔ-ɖɩ nɛ pɩtɑa. Ɛlɛ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩwɛna lɩm kucomuu maŋgazɩ nakʊyʊ nɛ payaɣ-kʊ se Taaŋanɩka (Tanganyika). Wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ Purundi nɛ Kɔŋgoo pazɩna ɖama nɛ kamaɣ, hayi kiŋ lɛ, Rʊwandaa ɛjaɖɛ, wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ nɛ ŋtalɩ hadɛ lɛ Tanzaani. Purundi tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ yɔ Puzumbura.
Ɖooo pɩnzɩ 1903 taa kɛ Purundi kɛwɛ afrika wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa hɔɔlʊ ŋgʊ kɩwɛ Caamawaa nesi tɛɛ yɔ nɛ kedeŋa kpeekpe kacalaɣ you tɛma lɛ, ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖiyele ɖɩtɔlɩ Pɛɛlɩziiki mba nesi tɛɛ. Purundi mʊ kɩ-tɩ yɔɔ wɛʊ kɛ hasɩ yaɖɛ fenaɣ kacalaɣ wiye pɩnaɣ 1962 nɛ wiyao Mwambutsa naanza ñɩnʊ kacalɩna wɛʊ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-nɔɔ yɔɔ. Ɛɛwɛna paɣtʊ natʊyʊ nɛ tɩɩkɩla eyaa ɖɔŋ nɛ pɩkɔma pɩnzɩ naalɛ wayɩ lɛ, paɖɩzɩ-tʊ.
Ageeta wena payawaɣ se Tʊʊtʊsɩ nɛ Huutusi yɔ pataanaɣ-ɖama nɛ ɛsɩyɛ nɛ ayou paa ɖooye. Ageeta ana aatɛma you ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1960 nɛ pɩnzɩ 12 wayɩ lɛ, pɔkɔɔ patasɩ you kpem nɛ ɛyaa mba pehiu sɩm yɔ pɛɖɛ ɛzɩ kotukiŋ hiŋ sakɩyɛ mbʊ yɔ.
Tʊʊtʊsɩ nɛ Huutusi pɛ-tɛ ɖama kɩɩnɩnaʊ ŋgʊ kɩkɔma kɩtasɩ tuluu 1970 nɛ 1980 piyebina nɛ you nakʊyʊ ñalɩɩ samaɣ kpeekpe hɛkʊ taa pɩnaɣ 1993. You ŋgʊ kɩɩpaɣzaa lɛ, Hutʊsi mba po-koyindina sakiyɛ ɛlɛ panɛ pakʊyɩ pasɩŋ pa-naŋgbanzɩ yɔɔ nɛ pɔtɔyɩtɩ Tʊʊtʊsɩ mba nɛ pɩcaɣ pʊdɔdɩyɛ: Huutusi mba sɩba ɛzɩ ɛyaa kutokiŋ 50 000 yaa 100 000 mbʊ yɔ. Pɩsa nɛ paa-anɩ ɛlaŋɩyɛ hɛɛ pazɩ lɛ, pakpaɣ paɣtʊ natʊyʊ nɛ pɩwɛɛ se pɩnaɣ nɛ hɔɔlʊʊ wayɩ lɛ Tʊʊtʊsɩ nɛ Huutusi waa lɛ pakpakɩɣ kpelaɣ nɛ pakazɩɣ ɖama.
Moyen-Orient tɛtʋ wandamm
Tɛtʋ ndʋ payaɣ se Moyen-Orient yɔ, tɩwɛ kpaɣna Mediteranee teŋgu pɔɔ nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ hɔɔlʋʋ taa nɛ tiwolo Iiran ɛjaɖɛ kamaɣ yɔɔ nɛ tɩɖɛɛ Pakisitaanɩ ɛjaɖɛ nɛ Afganistani ɛjaɖɛ pɛ-hɛkʋ taa.
Moyen-Orient tɛtʋ hɔɔlʋʋ sɔsɔʋ wɛ Aazii tɛtʋ wandamm taa. Ɛlɛ, tɩ-hɔɔlʋʋ cikpeluu nakʋyʋ sʋ Afrɩka nɛ hayi kiŋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa.
Turibani
Turbani kɛna Afrika nɛ hadɛ kiŋ ɛjaɖɛ taa tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ natʊyʊ nɛ tɩwɛ Kʊwazʊlʊ-Natalɩ taa. Tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩwɛ ɛndɩ lɩŋgamʊ cɔlɔ nɛ ɖooo lɛ tɛtʊ ndʊ, tɩɩkɛna Natalɩ hɔɔlʊ taa tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ. Turibani tɛtʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-taa ɛyaa ɖɔɔ nɛ pɛɖɛ ɛzɩ miliyɔɔnaa kagbaanzɩ nɛ hɔɔlʊʊ yɔ (5 500 000).
Moyen-Orient tɛtʋ wandamm
Ajɛya ndɩ ndɩ wena awɛ Moyen-Orient tɛtʋ taa yɔ, a-hɩla yɔ :
Turibani
Ɛyaa mba pa-taa lɛ mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ lɛ ɛyaa kɩkpɛɛdaa kɩlɩna ɖɔʊ nɛ patalʊ ɛzɩ 68,5 yɔ nɛ ɛndɩ mba ñɛwɛ 20 kɛ mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ; ɛyaa kʊlʊmaa kpɛnda nakʊ kɛ mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ. Mba pɩkazaa nɛ pɛwɛ 2,5 kɛ mɩnɩʊ yɔɔ yɔ, pɛkɛ aziya mba. Kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pakɩlɩɣ yɔɔdʊyɔ ŋgʊ lɛ sulu, pɩwayɩ lɛ Englɩsɩɩ, afrikani nɛ hindi.
Turubani nɛ ajɛya naayɛ taa tɛtʊ sʊzɔtʊ natʊyʊ kpɛndʊ nɛ alakɩ ɖama nɩnaʊ nɛ ɛsɩndaa wobu tʊma nayɛ nɛ tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa kɔyɔ: Alɛkɩsandrii (Egipiti), Brême, (Caama), Bulawayo (Simbaabuwee), Sikago (Etaazuunii), Daejeon, (Kooree Hadɛ Kiŋ), Kantɔŋ (Sinii), Leeds (Kewiyaɣ Kɩkpɛndaɣ), Maputo (Mozambiki), Nantes (Fransɩɩ), Oraŋ (Alizeerii), Rotɛridam (Peyibaa), Libreeviili (Kaabɔɔ).
Moyen-Orient tɛtʋ wandamm
Halɩ Etazuunii ɛjaɖɛ taa ɛyaa ñɔtɔŋ se Moritaanii nɛ Marɔkɩ nɛ Alizeerii nɛ Tuniizii nɛ Liibii pa-ajɛya wɛ ɖɔɖɔ Moyen-Orient tɛtʋ taa.
Ajɛya wena awɛ Moyen-Orient tɛtʋ taa awɛna sɔnzɩ ndɩ ndɩ sakɩyɛ. Ajɛya ana, alakɩ ɖɔɖɔ Pɛɛrɩsɩ (Perse) nɛ Turikii nɛ Aarabʋ nɛ Kuridi (Kurde) nɛ Juwifu (Juives) pa-ajɛya taa sɔnzɩ.
Kʋnʋmɩŋ weyi pakɩlɩɣ yɔɔdʋʋ ajɛya wena awɛ Moyen-Orient tɛtʋ taa yɔ ɛnʋʋ yɔ Iiraɣ ɛjaɖɛ kʋnʋŋ nɛ Turikii ɛjaɖɛ taa kʋnʋŋ nɛ Arabɩɩ kʊnʊŋ nɛ Hɛbra kʊnʊŋ.
Pɩnaɣ 1902 taa pacalɩ Moyen-Orient tɛtʋ hɩɖɛ haʋ. Sɔɔja sɔsɔ Alfred Mahan hana tɛtʋ ndʋʋ hɩɖɛ ńɖɩ. Sɔɔja sɔsɔ ɛnʋ, ɛkɛ Amerika tɛtʋ taa tʋ.
Marie Curie
Palʊla Marie Curie (ɛ-hɩɖɛ sɔsɔyɛ kɛlɛ se: Maria Salomea Skłodowska herbu Dołęga) aloma fenaɣ lʊbɛ ŋgʊ wiye pɩnaɣ 1867 kɛ Farsoovii, Pɔlɔɔñɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa. Ɛsɩba hasɩyaɖɛ fenaɣ 4 wiye pɩnaɣ 1934 kɛ sanatorium de Sancellemoz, kɩwɛ Passy, Haute-Savoie kɛ Fransɩɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa. Ɛkɛ fiziki tʋ nɛ chimiste kɛ Pologne ɛjaɖɛ taa, nɛ ɛpɩsɩ ɛ-tɩ kɛ fransɩɩ tʊ.
Payaɣ ɛ-walʊ se Pierre Curie; ɛ-na-ɩ pamʊ ñɩnya tɛ samtʊ nimiye naɖɩyɛ hɔɔlʊʊ kɛ pɩnaɣ 1903 nɛ paya-ɖɩ se Prix Nobel de physique. Hɔɔlʊʊ lɛɛkʊ lɛ, Henri Becquerel ñamʊna-kʊ. Nima ana, pɩlɩna pa-tʊma wena palaba nɛ pɩlɩɩna pa-tʊma kɛ radiations waa yɔɔ yɔ. Pɩnaɣ 1911 lɛ, e-ɖeke ɛmʊ samtʊ nimiye lɛɛɖɛ nɛ ɖɩɖɩ lɛ prix Nobel de chimie pɩlɩɩna ɛ-tʊma kɛ polonium nɛ radium pɔ-yɔɔ. E-ɖekɛ ɛkɛna halaa taa halʊ weyi ɛmʊ samtʊ nima naalɛ kɛ hɔɔlɩŋ nɩɩlɛ taa yɔ. ɛ-wayɩ lɛ, ɖɩnaɣ ɖɔɖɔ Linus Pauling weyi ɛlɛ mʊ chimie tɛ samtʊ nimiye naɖɩyɛ nɛ paya-ɖɩ se prix Nobel de chimie pɩnaɣ 1954 pɩtasɩna laŋhɛzɩyɛ samtʊ nimiye pɩnaɣ1962; ɖɩɖɩ lɛ Prix Nobel de la paix. Marie Curie kɛna halʊ weyi ɛkɛna kacalaɣ-tʊ halaa taa se ɛna ɛ-walʊ pamʊ samtʊ sɩka lɩyʊʊ nɛ pɩlɩɩna pa-tʊma kɛ radium yɔɔ yɔ nɛpayaɣ-kʊ se médaille Davy yɔ.
Paa ɛɛpɩsa ɛ-tɩ fransɩɩ tʊ nɛ pɩlɩɩna ɛ-walɩtʊ yɔɔ kɔyɔ, Marie Curie tɔsɔɔ ɖenɖe ɛlɩnaa yɔ. Ɛsɩma mbʊ se ɛkɛ Pɔlɔɔñɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa tʊ nɛ ɛkpɛlɛka e-pɛlaa kɛ Pɔlɔɔñɩ kʊnʊŋ nɛ paa ɛzɩmtaa lɛ, ewokina-wɛ peeɖe ɖɔŋ ɖoŋ. Payaɣ heelim mbʊ se Polonium yɔ, Marie Curie lɩzɩna-ɖɩ nɛ ɛɛsɔɔla camɩyɛ mbʊ se ɛ-ɛjaɖɛ hɩɖɛ ɛsɛɛ.
Sumaɣ
Sumaɣ kɛ Ɛsɔ wonuu kɩlɩzʊʊ nakʊyʊ. Kɛwɛnɩ keŋ yaa keliŋ nɛ kakʊyʊʊ ɛsɔdaa. Ɛgbamɩyɛ taa lɛ, payaɣ se sumaɣ; sakɩyɛ taa lɛ, payaa se sumasɩ. Sumasɩ wɛnɩ mbʊ payaɣna Fransɩɩ kʊnʊŋ taa se vertèbres yɔ. Siɣyebɔʋ taa mɔɔ payaɣ mbʋ. Sumasɩ wɛ tetrapoodiwaa pɩlɩʊ taa, pɩ-tɔbʋʋ se pɛwɛna pilinza naanza naanza. Pilinzi sɩnzɩ, sɩkpalaɣ ɖama'a naalɛ naalɛ. Sumasɩ wɛ ndɩ ndɩ kpem. Sɩ-pɩlɩŋ talɩ ɛzɩ kudokuŋ hiu (10 000) mbʊ yɔ. Sumasɩ wɛ ndɩ ndɩ pɩlɩɩna pa-hʊndʊ ndɩ ndɩ cɔlɔ. Sɩwɛ ndɩ ndɩ ɖɔɖɔ pɩlɩɩna pe-keliŋ ndɩ ndɩ cɔlɔ. Sɩtɛ sɩwɛɛ ndɩ ndɩ pɩlɩɩna sɩ-wɛtʊ ɖɔɖɔ cɔlɔ. Sumasɩ wɛ ndɩ ndɩ pɩlɩɩna ɖɔɖɔ sɩ-ɖɩcaɣyɛ nɛ sɩ-tɔɔnasɩ pɔ-cɔlɔ. Ɛlɛ, paa mbʊʊ yɔ, nabʊyʊ yebina nɛ payaa sɩ-tɩŋa payɩ se sumasɩ. Mbʊ piyeba nɛ payaa sɩ-tɩŋa payɩ se sumasɩ yɔ, mbʊʊ lɛ se sɩwɛna sɩ-tɩŋa keliŋ nɛ si-keliŋ ɩnʊ ɛhaɣna-sɩ waɖɛ se sɩpɩzɩ sɩkʊyɩ ɛsɔdaa. Ɛsɔ wondu kɩlɩzɩtʊ tɩŋa taa payɩ lɛ, sumaɣ ɖeke pɩzɩɣna nɛ kakʊyɩ ɛsɔdaa.
Sumaɣ wɛna njʊyɛ, kɛwɛna keliŋ naalɛ, kɛwɛɛna nangbanzɩ naalɛ nɛ suwa. Sumaɣ ɖʊʊ hala, kapabɩ a-yɔɔ nɛ pʊcɔ alɛ tesi, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se pʊcɔ sumaɣ pɩɣa lɩɩna yaɖɛ taa. Sumasɩ ɛɛsʊʊ ɖɩsɩ, ñɩtʊ taa nɛ tɩŋ yɔɔ nɛ lakɩŋ cikpeŋ nɛ sɔsɔŋ taa sɩsʊʊ. Paa mbʊ yɔ, sɔnɔ, ɛyʊ pɩsɩ sumasɩ cikpesi nasɩyɛ ɖɩɣa sumasɩ. Toovenum lɛ, sumasɩ nasɩyɛ sʊʊ sɩ-tɩ yɔɔ ɖɩsɩ sɔsɔsɩ nasɩyɛ taa. Sɩ-taa lɛ, ɖɩnaɣ sumasɩ nzɩ payaɣ se keŋkenaa yɔ. Ñɩnɩyaa mba pañɩnʊʊ sumasɩ wɛtʊ nɛ ɛzɩma mbʊ sɩwɛɛ yɔ payaɣ se ɔrinitolɔɔkɩ waa.
Payɛ
Payɛ kɛ ɛtyʋ tɩ ciɣduu. Ɛyʋ tomnaɣ yaa ɛ-yɔɔ pilinzi ciɣduu lakɩ nɛ pɩcɔlɩ minziiki mabʋ taa. Ɖɩpɩzɩɣ ɖɩkpaɣ ɛzɩ-ɩ peteu hendu yɔ taa yaa pamakʋ soo ndɩ ndɩ yɔ taa kɛ pɩlakɩ ɛyʋ size ɛpaɣ. Paʋ taa peɖe kɛ eciɣduu e-tomnaɣ.
Patʋ wɛ ndɩ ndɩ pɩlɩɩna soo mabʋ ɖeɖe yaa hendu teu taa mbɩ yɔ. Soo mabʋ wɛ ndɩ ndɩ nɛ mbʋ ɖɔɖɔ hendu ndʋ peteu yɔ, tɛwɛ ɖɔɖɔ ndɩ ndɩ. Mbʋ yebina nɛ patʋ wɛ ɖɔɖɔ ndɩ ndɩ pɩlɩɩna soo mabʋ nɛ hendu pɛkpɛndʋ taa. Payɛ kɛna ɖɔɖɔ, ciɣduu kpɛm, pʋtɔbʋʋ size, ɛyʋ weyi ɛwɛ ɛpaɣ yɔ, ŋna-ɩ kɔ yɔ ŋna size e-tomnaɣ tɩŋkɛ woki kpɛm kɛ hɔlʋʋ kʋɖʋmʋʋ yaa hɔlɩŋ tɩŋkɛ yɔɔ. Alɩwaatʋ tɩŋkɛ taa ɖɔɖɔ mbɩ yɔ, payʋ pɩzɩɣ eciɣdi e-tomnaɣ pilinzi ɖɔɖɔ.
Yendu ndʋ pɛwɛ peteu tʋ yɔ ndʋ pewelesuu nɛ papaɣ yaa soo wena pɛwɛ pamakɩ yɛ yɔ, ana panɩʋ nɛ papaɣ ɖɔɖɔ. Ɛyaa com yaa sakɩyɛ payɛ wɛ nɛ payaɣ ɖɩ nɛ Fransɩ kʋnʋŋ taa size ballet. Anasaayɩ sɔnzɩ yaa wazasɩ payɛ wɛ ɖɔɖɔ. Ɛyʋ pɩzɩʋ eciɣduu e-tomnaɣ pilinzi yem alɩwaatʋ ndʋ ɛsaŋ Ɛsɔ yɔ yaa ɛsiŋkʋ kumoɖe naɖɩyɛ tɛɛ lɛ mbɩ yɔ. Pɩkɛna ɖɔɖɔ payɛ. Pɩtɛ ɛyʋ ɛnʋ ŋnɩʋ eteu yendu natʋyʋ, ŋnɩʋ soo nayɛ taŋ. Pɩkɛna kaayɔɔdaɣ maɣzɩtʋ payɛ yaa kaayɔɔdʋtʋ tɛ maɣzɩm payɛ. Payɛ kɛna aleɣya yaa taɣ leleŋ pɩyʋ.
Kaayɔɔdʋtʋ maɣzɩm payɛ kɛ Aazii ɛjaɖɛ samaɣ kɩlɩʋ paʋ. Paya nabʋyʋ taa papayɛ naɖɩɩ size sɩɣgbelasɩ saɣʋʋ payɛ. Sɩɣgbelasɩ saɣyaa nɛ koosi maɖaa nabɛyɛ nɩ yatʋ siŋŋ kɛ payɛ yaa patʋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa. Pataɣ nabɛyɛ hɩla kɔ yɔ : ɖajaa sɔsɔ Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux pɩlɩɩna payɛ nɖɩ paya ɖɩ nɛ Fransɩɩ kʋnʋŋ taa size Opéra Garnier kɛ Fransɩɩ ɛjaɖɛ tɛ tɛtʋ sɔsɔtʋ ndʋ payatʋ size Paarii yɔ tɩ-taa.
Claude Debussy
Claude Debussy kɛ Fransɩɩ hendu luɖuu yaa hendu lɩzɩyʊʊ. Palʊla-ɩ pɩnaɣ 1862 taa kɩyɛɛna fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 22 Saint-Germain-en-Laye tɛtʊ taa nɛ ɛsɩ pɩnaɣ 1918 taa lakɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 25 Paari tɛtʊ taa. Wɩsɩ nɛ wɩsɩ ɛsɩwaɣ pɩnaɣ 1894 taa kɛ kajalaɣ minziki kɩfalʊ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ lɛ, Debussy caŋ ɛñɩɣ niiye kpaagba ɛtʊmɩyɛ yɔɔ ɛsɩnda miziki ɖoŋ. Tobi taa lɛ, ɛkɛ Wagner ɛgbaɣdʊ pɩnaɣ 1889 alɩwaatʊ taa nɛ pʊwayi lɛ, ɛkɛ kʊɖʊɖʊm kaɖɩnaʊ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ tʊ e-fezuu caɣʊ tɩŋga taa, nɛ ekizi ñɩlɩ ñɩlɩ cɔlʊtʊ lɩmaɣza tɩŋɛ payi.
Piyano kaakɛnɩ ɛ-tʊma taa kajalaɣ tʊmɩyɛ (ŋgʊ kɩkɩlɩ ɖɔʊ Fransɩɩ minziki taa nɛ Gabriel Fauré ñɩŋgʊʊ taa) nɛ ɛlakɩ tʊmɩyɛ nɛ tayʊʊ kitiluu nakʊyʊ ŋgʊ kiseɣtuu ɛyʊ siŋ yɔ. Claude Debussy kɛnɛ minziki ŋgʊ kɩhɛzɩɣ ɛyʊ laŋɩyɛ nɛ helim kɩbam yɔ pɩ-lɩzɩyʊ. Kɩwɛtʊ caɣ ɖeu pɩtɩfɛyɩ miziki hɔɔlʊʊ taa siŋ. André Boucourechliev cɔlɔ lɛ, ɛnʊ kaanɩ kɛʊ kpaɣɖʊ 20 wɛɛ taa miziki kɩlʊʊ keeke.
Ɛ-caa Manuel-Achille, ɛɛkɛ sɔɔja kɩbɩnʊ nɛ e-ɖoo Victorine Manuory, patɩŋa paakɛ cʊŋ ɖeɣsi pɛdɩyaa. Fenasɩ hiu nɛ kʊyʊmaɣ wayɩ lɛ, hasɩyaɖɛ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 23 pɩnaɣ 1860 taa, palʊlɩ ɛ-kɔɔ Adèle loniye kʊyʊmɖɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa. Pɔsɔ Claude Ɛsɔ tɛ lɩm hasɩyaɖɛ fenaɣ 31 pɩnaɣ 1864 taa kɛ Saint-Germain Ɛsɔ kpaŋ taa nɛ ɛ-tɛ kpaŋgbamɩŋ kɔyɔ kozaɣ tʊmɩyɛ laɖʊ ɛnɛyɔ Achille Arosa nɛ halʊʊ ñɩnʊ yɔ ɛ-caa neŋ Clémentine Debussy.
Henduu natʊyʊ Debussy teɣa kɔla fenaɣ pɩnaɣ 1873 alɩwaatʊ Marmontel tɛ, Alphonse Duverrnoy koo ɛ-nɔɔ taa se tɩwɛ ɖeu piŋ. Marmontel ñɔsɔzɩ pɩyɔɔ pɩsɩŋa pɩnaɣ lɛ, tɔm natʊyʊ ɖɩhʊyɛ se pɩɣa kɩbaŋa, camɩyɛ henduu teyu kɩbanʊ, ɛkaɣ kɛʊ henduu lɩzɩyʊ siŋ, lidaʊ wɛ e-fezuu kɩyakɩŋ kɩkɔmɩŋ taa. Ɛlɛ, ɛ-sukuli ɖaŋ taa lɛ, pahʊna-ɩ se ɛlaɣsɩ yaa ɛ-yɔɔdaɣ ɛyaa ɛsɩnda tacaɣ kpoyi. Ɛcɛɣ ɛ-tɩ nɛ ɛñɔɔzɩ nɛ Marmontel ma mɩsɩkʊm fenaɣ pɩnaɣ 1874 taa se pɩwɛ ɖeu, ñɛ-tɛ kalɩtʊ taa nɛ tɔm yaʊ matʊ taa nɛ nɔ-yɔɔdaɣ taa.
Suuye
Suuye kɛna minziiki wonuu kɩmabʋ. Palabɩ-ɖɩ nɛ tɩʋ tiku yaa kiɖe nɛ papaɣ kʋyɔ kpɩnɛ tɔnʋʋ. Pasaɣ tɩʋ tiku pɔʋ kʋ-n̄ʋyɔ nɛ pɔʋ kɩ-tɛɛ. Nɛ piyele pʋwɛ ɛzɩ pɔbɔɖɛ yɔ. Pɔŋ ɛnʋ pohuzi ɛ-yɔ kpɩna tɔnɩŋ. Pamakɩ suuna ana nɛ nandakasɩ nee yaa ɖaŋ weyi paalabana size pamabɩnɛyɩ yɔ.
Pi-n̄amasʋʋ n̄am-n̄am kɛ tɔnʋʋ yɔ pamakɩ lɛ, kɛ tɩʋ tiku lakɩ nɛ tilu tɩ pazɩɣ. Nabʋyʋ taa lɛ, suuye wiluu yaa kɩ-tiluu n̄ɔɔzɩtʋ lɩɣna suuye tɔnʋ n̄ɩlɩm n̄ɩŋgʋ cɔlɔ yaa kpɩnɛ lotuu ndʋ ɖɩzɩma yɔ tɩ-cɔlɔ. Suuye wɛɛ yaa pamakɩ-ɖɩ sɔnzɩ sakɩyɛ taa kɛ ɖe-kedeŋa kanɛ yɔ ka-taa.
Minziiki wonuu suuye n̄ɩnɖɛ ɖɩnɛ, kɔɔnɔɔ taa pombo lɛ, wonuu kɩmabʋ kʋnɛ kɩlɩ pɩnaɣ 6000 taa nɛ pɩcɔ palʋlʋʋ yesu krɩstʋ. Suuna wena paɣtʋ haɣ yɛ nʋmɔʋ size pama ana nɛ yɔ, Egipiti mba lubina n̄ɛ. Ɖɩna ɖɔɖɔ suuna hɔlasɩ ndɩ ndɩ kɩpɩŋ kɛ pɩlaŋ sakɩyɛ taa kɛ kpaɖʋ 9 taa pɩcɔ palʋlʋ yesu krɩstʋ. Siini ɛjaɖɛ taa lɛ, suuna ana alɩ kpaɖʋ 11 taa nɛ pɩcɔ palʋlʋ yesu krɩstʋ.
Tɔm biye suuye wɛ ɖɔɖɔ (merafonɩ) meranophones waa ndɩ ndɩ taa. Suuna wɛ ndɩ ndɩ pɩcɛlɩna awɛtʋ ɖeɖe yaa a-tɩŋ tikɩŋ ɖeɖe. Ɖɩcɔna kɔyɔ pazakɩ n̄ɩyʋ yaa caɖa, yaa (sabliye) sablier, yaa ɖasɩ kɔŋ kɔŋ. Pɩtɩŋɛ payɩ mbɩyɔ kɛ yaʋʋ ɖeɖe, yaa tiituu ɖeɖe, yaa pʋyʋʋ.
Tuurkii
Tuurkii (Turquie) kɛna Erɔpɩ nɛ Azii mɩŋŋ-mɩŋŋ taa ɛjaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ. Ɖɩnɛ ajɛya wena asɩ-ɖama nɛ kamas,i yɔ ana yɔ: Kɩrɛsɩ, Pulubaarii, Sɔɔrzii, Arimeenii, Azɛɛrɩbayɩjaŋ, Iraŋ, Irakɩ nɛ Siirii.
Kʊnʊŋ ŋgʊ pɔyɔɔdɩɣ nɛ pawɩlɩɣ-kʊ ɖɔɖɔ sukkulinaa taa yɔ, ŋgʊ lɛ Turki. Turkii ɛjaɖɛ kpeekpe taa tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa ñɩm nɛ ɛsɩndaa wobu kɩlaa yɔ ndʊ lɛ Ankara nɛ teɛtʊ ndʊ tɩpɩsɩɣ mbʊ yɩ kpaɣ ɖooo aloma fenaɣ hiu nɛ naatozo pɩnaɣ 1923 taa.
Teŋu Kɩkpɛɛdɩɣ wɛna ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ nɛ ɖɩ-hayɩ kiŋ piyele nɛ ɖɩ-wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa lɛ, Ezee teŋgu wɛna. Ɖɩ-hadɛ kiŋ lɛ Mediteraanee teŋgu wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa ñɩŋʊ wɛna. Ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ nɛ ɖɩwɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ taa lɛ, Tɩrasɩ nɛ Anatoli pɛwɛna.
Sɔɖʊʊ ŋgʊ payaɣ se Mustafa Kemal Atatürk yɔ ɛ-yɔɔ kɛ pltɩŋgɩnaa nɛ ɛjaɖɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩñɔ ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1923.
Malɩŋ Ɛsɔ Sɛtʋ Kuduyuu
Malɩŋ Ɛsɔ Sɛtʋ Kuduyuu kɛna arabɩ kʋnʋŋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa, «Malɩŋ Ɛsɔ sɛtʋ agɔlɔma ɖijayɛ lone». Malɩŋ Ɛsɔ Sɛtʋ Kuduyuu ŋgʋ payaɣ-kʋ size Masjid al-Haram. Kuduyuu ŋgʋ kɩ-kɛna Malɩŋ Ɛsɔ Sɛtʋ Kuduyuu kiɖeɖeu. Kɩwɛ Mɛɛkɩ tɛtʋ taa kɛ Arabi saʋdiiti taa. Malɩŋ Ɛsɔ Sɛtʋ Kuduyuŋ matʋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa lɛ, Kuduyuu kʋnɛ kɩkɩlɩna walʋʋ nɛ paɣlʋ kedeŋa kanɛ kɔyɔ.
Ɛsɔ Sɛtʋ Kuduyuu sɔsɔʋ ŋgʋ ki-lone kɛna ɖɔɖɔ kɔɔnɔɔ lone kiɖeɖeɣ kɛ malɩŋ Ɛsɔ sɛtʋ hɔɔlʋʋ taa kedeŋa yɔɔ cɩnɛ. Malɩŋ Ɛsɔ Sɛtʋ Kuduyuu sɔsɔʋ ŋgʋ, kɩ-hɛkʋ taa ɖeyi ɖeyi ɖinaɣ Kaaba. Kʋkʋ yɔ peɖe lɛ, ɖɩnaɣ size pɛlɛka pɩyɛ pindimm kɩkpɛdɩyɛ naɖɩyɛ. Pɩyɛ nɖɩ, paa malʋʋ ɛsɔ sɛyʋ weyi lɛ, pɩɩwɛnayɩ size e-ɖukina-ɖɩ alɩwaatʋ ndʋ powoki kpalaaʋ yɔ.
Malɩŋ Ɛsɔ Sɛtʋ tisuu nɛ tɩ-luuzuu Ɛsɔ tɛɛ lɛ hɔɔlʋʋ taa lɛ, pɛ-ɛsɔ sɛtʋ tɔm lɩwa pileɖa. Nɛ Ɛsɔ tɛ tiyaa lɩzana sɛtʋ ndʋ nɛ pɩcɔ kedeŋa kpeekpe naɣ wɩsɩ. Allah pɛ-ɛsɔ sɛtʋ hɩɖɛ tiyina sɛtʋ ndʋ nɛ e-tiyaa. Malɩŋ maɣzɩm taa lɛ, tiyaa mana Kaaba nɛ pɩwayɩ lɛ Adam weyi ɛkɛ kajala ɛyʋ yɔ. Wayɩ wayɩ n̄ɩnʋ weyi pɩɖɩɣnayɩ Kaaba maʋʋ yɔ, ɛlɛ lɛ Abraham.
Pazɩtʋ, tɔm hʋʋ nɛ kpɛzɩyɛ
Kabɩyɛ taa lɛ, paa sɩm mbʋ pɩwɛna tɔbʋʋ: paa pɩɩtɩɩkɛna akpadɩyʋ yaa pɩɣa, efebu yaa pɛlɔ. Mbʋ yebina nɛ nɔɔyʋ ɛzɩba kɔyɔ, pɩwɛɛ se pabazɩ nɛ pana se lee ɛsɩm lɩnaa yaa ɛbɛ kʋyɩ. Pepiŋ sɩɖʋ nɛ pɛtɛ lɛ, halʋ ɖalaa, kɔɔnaa nɛ neewaa pekpŋ ɖɩɣa taa nɛ pañɩnɩ pazɩyʋ yaa pazɩyaa ɛzɩ naalɛ yaa naatozo nɛ ɛpazɩ nɛ pana se ɛbɛ laba nɛ po-kɔɔwʋ sɩkɩ yem mbʋ. Mbʋ payaɣ se pazɩtʋ.
Pazɩtʋ ndʋ kpaaŋ nɔnɔɔtaa nɛ ɛyaa kpeekpe ɛsɩntaa kɛ weyi ɛpɔzʋ pazɩyʋ yɔ ɛpɔzɩɣ-ɩ tɔm ndʋ pazɩyʋ ɛpɩ ecosi-i nɛ ɛnɩɩ sɩm mbʋ pʋtɔbʋʋ yɔ. Pɩtɛkɛ paa anɩ pɩzɩɣna ɛkɛ pazɩyʋ: pɩwɛɛ se ɛyʋ ɛkɛ kɩnatʋ nɛ ɛwɛɛna aleewaa ɖɔɖɔ. Yee sɩm mbʋ pɩlɩna hadɛtʋ nɔɔyʋ cɔlɔ kɔyɔ, pɩwayɩ lɛ, pañɩnɩɣ tɩwaa nɛ pasʋzɩ yaa payaa hadɛtʋ ɛnʋ nɛ pana se ɛbɛ laba nɛ pakʋ-ɩ. Ɖabata taa lɛ, pɩtatɩlɩ peyeba hadɛtʋ ɛnʋ kɩlaŋ laʋ pʋyɔɔ kɛ ɛla ɛ-tɩ ɛyʋ. Ɛlɛ yee pɩkɛ ɛsɩndʋ ɛkʋna-ɩ kɔyɔ pɩwɛɛ se pahʋna-ɩ kɛ tɔm. Tɔm ndʋ paapaazʋ-tʋ hʋʋ lɛ, pacalɩ-ɩ yaʋ kɛ kooka wiyaʋ tɛ nɛ yee pɩcakɩ lɛ pʋcɔ powona efeleu ɛnʋ kɛ tɛtʋ cikpetu wiyau tɛ nɛ eetiziu kpem se pakpa ɛyɔɔ kɛ kɩkpaʋ lɛ, paya-ɩ tɔm kɛ kantɔɔ wiyaʊ tɛ. Yee peeɖe ɖɔdɔ weyi pazɩʋ nɛ tɩwaa pakpa efeletu mbʋyɔ yɔ, kantɔɔ ha-wɛɛ nɔɔ nɛ pɛɖɛɛ kpɩzɩyɛ.
Ɛzɩma pɔñɔɔzʋʋ kpɛzɩyɛ?
Pɔñɔɔzɩɣ kpɛzɩyɛ yɔ ñeneɣa yaa celiɣa nakayɩ taa kɛ paɖʋ sɔtʋ nɛ sɔka pasɩɩ mɩzaɣ yɔɔ. Tɩʋ nɛ weyi pakpa efeletu yɔ mba saŋʋna. Paapaazɩɣ lɛ, pataa paanɩ lɛ, pɔcɔ nɛ ewolo lɛ, ɛɖɔkʋ penim nɛ pasɩɣ taataɣ ŋga miŋ yɔɔ mbʋ lɛ, papɩɩ pe-penim mbʋ ka-taa nɛ kpɛzɩyʋ ɖʋyʋ ɖʋ miŋ nɛ etiɣ-i camɩyɛ kpeŋ kpeŋ. Penim mbʋ pɩwasɩɣ camɩyɛ lɛ, pɛlɛkɩ nɛ palɩzɩ sɔka ŋga kɛwɛ ñenewa ŋga ka-taa yɔ. Tɩʋ nɛ weyi pakpa efeletu mbʋ yɔ pɛlɛkɩɣ nɛ weyi ɛwɛna toovenim yɔ ɛɖeke ɛpɩzɩɣna ɛlɩzɩ sɔka piyele weyi ɛkpɛzɩɣ yaa ɛcɛtaa yɔ, penim hʋʋ waaa nɛ pɩña-ɩ nɛ ɛyɔɔ la heŋ. Pɩtɛkɛ sɩm yaa efeletu ɖeke wokɩna ɛyaa kɛ kpɛzɩyɛ taa: mɩlɩm, kʋdɔndʋtʋ yaa mbʋ mbʋ pɩfɛyɩ ɖeu yɔ, pɩwokɩna ɛyaa kɛ kpɛzɩyɛ taa ɖɔɖɔ.
Niili Pɔɔ
Niili kɛ Afrika lɩm pɔɔ sɔsɔ. Kaɖalakɩŋ maɣna ɛzɩ kilomɛta waa 6700, kɛnɛ Amazonii Pɔɔ ŋga kakɩlɩɣ ɖalɩɣ kedeŋga tɩŋga yɔ yɔ. Kalɩna Niili kʊhʊlʊmʊ nɛ Niili yuulee pɔsɩ ɖɩkatɩyɛ taa. Niili kʊhʊlʊmʊ (Nahr-el-Abiad ) lɩna Fikitoriya Kujomuu taa (Ugandaa nɛ Keniya nɛ Tanzani). Niili yuulee pɔɔ (Nahr-el-Azrak ) lɩna Tana kujomuu taa Etioyoopi ɛjaɖɛ taa.
Kɛ-pilinzi naalɛ kpɛndʊʊ ɖama Kaartum, Suudanɩ tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ nɔnɔ, Niili kpɛndʊʊ Mediteranee teŋgu taa nɛ pɩpɩsɩ handala fɛʊʊ Egipiti nɛ hayi kiŋ. Pagbaɣ kɩ-pɩlɩnzɩ nzɩ sɩ-naalɛ yɔ Niili pɔɔ tɛzʊʊ Ruwandaa nɛ Purundi nɛ Tanzaani nɛ Uganda nɛ Etiyopi nɛ Sudaanɩ nɛ haɖɛ kiŋ nɛ Sudanɩ nɛ Egipiti ajɛyɛ. Kaɖalakɩŋ talɩ Keniya nɛ Koŋgo waɖɛ tɛ ŋgʊ ɛjaɖɛ nɛ Fikitoriya teŋguu nɛ Albert teŋguu ɖɔɖɔ kɛkɛ. Kɛ-tɛ fɛʊʊ kitibuu kɛ ɖɔɖɔ Eriitree ɛjaɖɛ pɩlɩna Tekezé pɔɔ kɩkpɛndaɣ yɔ.
Niili pɔɔ kɛkɛ nɔmɔʊ ŋgʊ Egipiti ñɩma tɩŋga nɛ pɛyɛlɩɣ yɔ. Pɔɔ ŋga katɩna Egipiti tɛtʊ mʊzʊŋ nɛ mbʊ katɩna pɛ-tɛ ñɩm. Kaa-tɩna ɖoŋ sɩŋ Egipiti kɩpɩnʊʊ alɩwaatʊ taa kpaɣ ñim ñnʊʊ hɔɔlʊʊ taa nɛ samaɣ tɛ (piikɛ kɔjɔlɔ kpɛɛ tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ kɛwɛ) nɛ haɖaʊ tʊmɩyɛ pɩlɩna mʊzʊŋ weyi lɩm wadɩyɛ kɔŋgɔnaɣ yɔ nɛ Esɔ kɩlaʊ hɔɔlɩŋ taa payi mbʊ yɔ. Pɔɔ ŋga kajalɩɣ ɛyaa sakɩyɛ nɛ paha-kɛ samtʊ hɩɖɛ se Hâpy nɛ pamazɩ pa-ta se pa-kɔlɔma ɖoŋ yɔ yɔ pɔɔ wadɩ. Sɔnɔ ɖa-kɩyakɩŋ alɩwaatʊ tʊnɛ tɩ-taa yɔ, pɩkpaɣ Niili pɔlʊʊ tɛtʊ lɩm nɛ pɩ-ɖanʊʊ pʊʊ tɛyʊʊ hayɩm naa taa pɩlɩna lɩm kɩkam pɔsɩ sɩ-nɛ sɩ-yɔ Ziftah nɛ Assiout nɛ Hammadi nɛ Esna pɩkɩlɩna lɩm kɩkam pɔsɩ sɔsɔsɩ sɩ-nɛ yɔ Assouan kɩpɩnʊʊ nɛ kɩkpaɖʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩ-tɛ matʊ pɩnzɩ 1970 kɛpɔza se pakʊsɩ Ɛsɔ sɛtʊ kuduyiŋ sakɩyɛ yɔ pada kɛlɛ Abou Simbel ñɩŋ weyi lɩm kpayɩ alɩwaatʊ ndʊ paɖɩkaɣ Nasser teŋgu lɩm yɔ.
Niili lɩm kajataɣ fɛʊʊ walanzɩ maɣna kilomɛta waa 3254555 kpɛɛ ko pɩmakʊna 10 % kpam Afrika kedeŋga. Niili pɔsɩ sɔsɔsɩ naalɛ ɛzɩ yɔ Niili kʊhʊlʊmʊ ŋgʊ kɩwɛ tʊtʊ kijeɣa tɛ yɔ nɛ Niili yuulee ŋgʊ kɩlɩna Etiyopi yɔ. Paa pɩlɩŋga ŋga lɛ, kɛwɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ kpɛŋga yɔ kɛ Afrika wɩsɩ ɖɩlɩyɛ hɔɔlʊʊ taa. Atbara kɛ ɖɔɖɔ pɔɔ kɩkpɛnda Niili taa ɛlɛ kɔ-tɔm tɛcɛyɩ nɛ kegbeŋna tɛʊ alɩwaatʊ taa kɛnɛ nɛ kalazɩɣ wɩlʊʊ.
Tɔlɩm
Tɔlɩm kɛna keɖeɣya tʋmɩyɛ kɩpanɖɛ naɖɩyɛ labʋ. Pɩkɛna anjaʋwaa lɩzʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ. Anjaʋwaa lɩzʋʋ n̄ɩnʋ tɔlɩm mbʋ pʋmʋna paa anjaʋ ŋgʋ lɛ nɛ ɛtaɣ kɩyɔ nɛ pʋmʋna-kʋ yaa kɩ-tasɩ kiɖe.
Tɔlɩm sɔsʋʋ ɖetuɣu wonu ŋgʋ pataɣ-kʋ yɔ. Tɔlɩm pʋnɛ, pʋwɛ lɩm tɩyɛ nɛ pʋwɛɛna sɛmɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ. Pɩtɛkɛ paa tɔlɩm sɛmɩŋ mbʋ kɛ pɛkɛyʋ nɛ pataɣ paa anjaʋ ŋgʋ lɛ. Ɛlɛ, anjaʋ waa lɩzɩyʋ tɩlɩʋna sɛmɩŋ mbʋ pʋmʋna se ɛtaɣ ɛtɛ anjaʋ kɩlɩzʋʋ. Tɔlɩm tayaa tʋmɩyɛ lakɩnana nɛ wondunaa nabɛyɛ wɛʋ cɔnaʋ. Ɖɩkpaɣ ɛzɩ takayaɣ hayʋʋ, nɛ kaaʋ, nɛ n̄ɩɣlɩm kɔbɩ (verre), nɛ kpoŋgbolo (bois), nɛ liɖe (écorce), nɛ simaɣ tɛtʋ (béton), nɛ pɩtasɩna ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ pɩsaʋ hɔɔlaɣ (toile) yɔ.