cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Abunsay
Amezruy n tẓuri
Iswi n waya akk d aslali n twennaḍt meẓẓiyen n ugama deg yexxamen-nsen. Yeḍra-d waya i tikkelt tamezwarut, ɣef wakken d nnan inmezrayen, deg tallit n tgelda n Ihaniyen (les Han). D tagelda yellan seg 2o6 qbel Ɛisa ar 220 seg d ilul. Ttbut n waya, Ufan yemnuda aẓekka deg 1971 n ugeldun Zhang Huai yemmuten deg 705. D ageldun yedren deg tallit n tgelda Tang (618 ar 907). Ufan deg uẓekka-nni yiwet n tfelwit n teklut icebḥen. Teskan-d tfelwit-nni, sin iqeddacen n ugellid, wwin-d ger ifassen-nsen iḥabusen n wakal. Deg iḥabusen-nni, llan yemɣan akked tbunsayin. Maca zwaren-ten s uẓu n yemɣan deg uḥabus yiferɛunen. Zik, teẓẓun yiferɛunen imɣan ssexdamen i wucci d tesnajya. Snulfan-d aḥabus ahat i wakken ad ttawin yid-sen imɣan-nsen mi ara beddlen amḍiq. Azal n 4000 iseggasen aya seg-mi teẓẓun iferɛunen imɣan deg uḥabus.
Sakin, ɛanden-ten Yegrikiyen, Yibabiluniyen, Yifarsiyen d Yihendiyen. D amedya n ugama, d beqqu n wemdan ad d-yessemɣi aseklu akked teẓgi meẓẓiyen deg wexxam-is i d-yesnulfan taẓuri n ubunsay. Deg tallit-nni macci “Abunsay” i seqqaren, qqaren-as icinwiyen : Penjing (pénjǐng 盆景). Abunsay d isem d yekkan seg tutlayt Tajapunit. Deg tgelda n Qin (220 - 581) ay d-yennulfa wuẓu n yiwen useklu deg uḥabus. Ibeddel yisem n tẓuri, uɣalen ttinin-as Pansai(pénzāi 盆栽).
Fɣen-d deg tallit-nni sin yedlisen imezwura deg umaḍal yefkan ilugan i wesbunsey n tbunsayt, ssufɣen-d kra iɣaniben.
Ɛeddant tsuta n yinaẓuren, ar assa, yal yiwet deg-sent tewwi-d kra. Yal tasuta terna-as i tẓuri n ubunsay cbaḥa, tefres-as ayen ay icemten. Tennerna tẓuri n ubunsay, teḍfer akud am tẓuryin nniḍen deg umaḍal amedya n teklut, tasreɣta ...atg
Teffeɣ-d i tikkelt tamezwarut tẓuri n ubunsay seg tmurt-is Japun, Ccin akked Kurya ɣer umaḍal deg useggas 1909. Deg temzikent tagraɣlant ay d yeḍran deg tmanaɣt n tmurt n Legliz, Londre, ay bdan ttissinen yemdanen d acu ay d abunsay.
Assa, ggtent tmura yesɛan iɣerbazen yesselmaden taẓuri-a akked tiyaḍ. Sselmaden tiẓuryin n yiǧuǧǧagen, tid n yisekla imudduren (Abunsay), n yimɣan izegzawen (Ikebana) akked yimɣan ikiwanen (Affar).
Afras n yiẓuran
Afras n yiẓuran yettili-d s umata yal sin neɣ kraḍ iseggasen, neɣ tikwal mi ara nbeddel aḥabus i tbunsayt-nneɣ.
Ityupya
Ityupya d tamurt en Tafriqt Usamar. Tajumma-nnes 1.104.300 km2 (ikilumitren imkuẓen). Zedɣen-tt 85.237.338 n yimezdaɣen (Ityupiyen). Tamaneɣt-nnes d Addis Abeba.
Taggayt:Timura en Tefriqt
Taggayt:Timura en Umaḍal
Agemmay agrigi
Agemmay agrigi d agemmay yettuseqdac di tira n tutlayt tagrigit segmi lqern wis 9 uqbel Ɛisa. Yekka-d uẓar-is seg ugemmay afiniqi.
Igrigiyen ṭṭfen agemmay afiniqi, beddlen isekkilen-is u rnan-t tiɣra (voyelles), yuɣ lḥal agemmay agrigi d agemmay amezwaru i yesɛan tiɣra.
Agemmay agrigi yettwura seg uzelmaḍ ɣer uyeffus. Yettubeddel geddac tikkwal u yefka-d aṭas n igemmayen : Alatini, Aqebṭi, Ssirilik... atg.
Agemmay atrar
Ṭṭabla deg ukessar tesskan isekkilen n ugemmay agrigi atrar, mkul asekkil yesɛa aẓari-is deg ugemmay afiniqi.
Tamselyut
Taggayt:Agemmay
Ain
Taggayt:Igezda n Fransa
Isabelle Adjani
Isabelle Yasmine Adjani, d tameskart n usarug tafranṣiṣt, tellul ass n 27 yunyu 1955 di 'Paris' tama tis 17. Baba-s d aqbayli (n Iferḥunen), isem-is Muḥamed Crif Aǧani, yemma-s d talmanit, isem-is Emma Schweinberger, neɣ Gusti.
Asmi tesɛa 14 iseggasen tuɣal tettwasen, imi tetturan deg isura d tecqufin n taḍṣa. Deg useggas n 1988, terza ar tmurt n baba-s i waken attefk afud i tlalit n tugdut. Daɣen terza ar wunazur Lwennas Meɛṭub, illan imiren di ṣbiṭar n Lezzayer asmi t-ewten iǧadarmiyen.
Isura anda turar Isabelle Yasmine Adjani
Asarug
Tiliẓri
Arrazen
Tamselyut
Adjani Adjani
Iɣumrasen U Zyan
vignette|Tugna n ugellid
Iɣumrasen U Zyan (1206 – furar/meɣres1283, يغمراسن إبن زيانيغمراسن بن زيان, isem aɣezzfan : Iɣmurasen ben Ziyan ben Tabet ben Mohamed ben Zegraz ben Tiddugues ben Taaullah ben Ali ben Abd al-Qasem ben Abd al-Wad) D win id-yesnulfan ccetla tazyanit. I ygelden tagelda tazyanit deg tlemsan deg umalu-n-ugafa n tmurt n Lezzayer s tlisa n wass-a.
Tudert
Yella d mmi-s n udrum n yizenaten. Yesnulfa-d tamurt tazyanit deg 1235, yennuɣ d yimwḥḥden armi d 1248. Yemhel akken iwata nnfaq-is mgal Ayt Mrin d udrum aɛrab n Maqil.
Yexdem unembaḍ n Sebta tagrawla ɣef lxilafa n yimweḥḥden, yesteɛref s tgelda n Iɣemrasen d tmehla-ines ɣef temdint-is , ardekal aya-agi yegmen unembaḍ n yimweḥḥden ad yekcem Tlemsan maca yesseɣli iɣemrasen. Mi d-yelḥa lxalifa akken ad t-yeɣḍel yerna-t Iɣmurasen deg tnegluft n Uǧa, yettwazla  Lxalifa , wwin aqerru-s i yemma-s.
Taggayt:Iznaten Taggayt:Isnalayen imaziɣen
Ḥusni Mubarak
MahmoudMohamed abu issa محمود محمدابودعيسى) yella d aselway n Maṣer si 14 ktuber 1982 ar 11 furar 2011.
Taggayt:Tasertit Taggayt:Maṣer
Akeṛmus
Akeṛmus (Assaɣ ussnan: Cactaceae) d yal imɣi yeṭṭafaren tawacult n tkaṛmusin, amur ameqran n telmas-is ttidirent deg yideggan d twennaṭin tiɣurarin d tneẓrafin ɣef wenecta i ttwatent d inzi deg ulawi n fad d uɣurar izemren ad yessiweḍ aṭas n iseggasen. Dɣa kra seg telmas n ukeṛmut d wid i d-issemɣayen igumma am ukaṛmus.
Bwinan
Bwinan d yiwet tɣiwant n twilayt n Leblida deg uzaɣar n Mettijet. Teggug ar 16 km si weɣrem n Blida ed 34 km ar wenẓul si Dzayer Tamanaɣt. Deg useggwas n 2008, ɣur-es azal n 31.070 imezdaɣ.
Rhône (Agezdu)
Rhône d agezdu n tlemmast-tagmuḍant (centre-est) n Fransa. Tajumma-nnes 3,249 km² (yikilumitren imkuẓen). Zedɣen-t 1,677,073 n yimezdaɣen. Tamaneɣt-nnes d Lyon.
Taggayt:Igezda n Fransa
Ǧbabra
Ǧbabra d taɣiwant n tewilayt n Leblida, deg useggwas n 2008 ɣur-es azal n 3.403 imezdaɣ deg tdayra n Meftaḥ.
Buda
Buda d yiwet tɣiwant n twilayt n Wedrar,	deg useggwas n 2008 ɣur-es azal n 9.938 imezdaɣ.
Ǧbabra
Tarakalt
Ǧbabra tezga-d af tama agafay-agmuḍan si weɣrem n Blida gar Mettijet ed yidurar n Weṭlas Ablidi, teggug ar 48 km si Dzayer tamanɣt ed 50 km si Leblida. Tḥudd-it tewilayt n Bumerdas.
Loire (Agezdu)
Loire d agezdu (département) n tlemmast tagmuḍant (centre-est) n Fransa. Tajumma-nnes 4,781 km² (yikilumitren imkuẓen). Zedɣen-t 740,668 n yimezdaɣen. Tamaneɣt-nnes d tamdint n Saint-Etienne.
Taggayt:Igezda n Fransa
Ḥmed Ameqqran
vignette|Aẓekka n Ṣelṭan Ḥmed ameqqran deg [[Lqelɛa n At Ɛebbas|lqelɛa n at Ɛebbas di Bgayet]] Ḥmed Ameqqran d yiwen seg yiqerra n tgelda n At Ɛebbas, d anembaḍ n lqelɛa n At Ɛebbas (tamurt n Leqbayel, Lezzayer) deg tasut tis mraw d seddis.
Tudert
Deg useggas n 1559, yuli Ḥmed ɣef lɛerc n leḥkem deg wadeg n gma-s Ɛebdelɛaziz u Ɛebbas, mmi-s n mmi-s n selṭan aneggaru n Bgayet Bu Ɛebbas Ɛebdelɛaziz, yettunnefka-as uɣara n Umeqqran mačči win n Selṭan, dayen id-yemmalen abeddel n lwert n tgelda s wayen yella si daxel n tmurt n Leqbayel, ma d arraw-isd warraw n warraw-is ad ṭṭfen aɣar n Meqqrani akka am Ccix Muḥemmed Lmeqqrani yiwen seg yiqerra n nnfaq n 1871.
ḥmed Ameqqran yerra-d deg wallaɣ-is iswi n useǧhed n tgelda-ines. Yexdem ɣef uḥkam s tin n lɛali d tmehla igerrzen. Iceǧǧeɛ iberraniyen ad d-kecmen ɣ$er tmurt-is i wakken ad d-awin tussnatin-nsen, annecta yessebgan-dbelli yesɛa ula d netta amur deg usewseɛ n lqelɛa d tuddar i as d-izzin, kra n lebni agejdan yesban-d belli yextar ad yebnu iwakken ad yessewseɛ armi tuweḍ lqelɛa d tamdint, ɛla xlaf n wayen uɣen leqbayel tannumi, ihi lebni yuẓ aṭas ɣer sdat di tallit n Ḥmed Ameqqran.
Di taggara n tasut tis mraw d seddis, yerza Ḥmed Ameqqran ɣer Burǧ Ḥemza di Tubiret i umennuɣ d yiterkiyen, xas akken At Ɛebbas rebḥen tanegluft maca Ḥmed Ameqqran yemmut dinna.
Iritirya
Iritirya d tamurt n Tafriqt Usamar. Tajumma-nnes 117.600 km2. Zedɣen-tt 5.224.000 n yimezdaɣen (Iritiriyen). Tamaneɣt-nnes d Asmara.
Taggayt:Timura n Tefriqt
Taggayt:Timura n Ddunit
Tutlayt tasenselkimt
Neqqar-as tutlayt tasenselkimt i tutlayt talɣawit ur llan ara Turing-ummid yettweseqdacen deg usnulfu, assaley, neɣ ammud n unagraw n talɣut. Yiwen deg-sen isem-is ASCII.
Ifiɣa
Tudrin n Taɣiwant
thumb|left
Tira d timselɣa
Taggayt:Taɣiwant n twilayt n Tizi-Uzzu
Erevan
Erevan (arménien: Երևան), d tamaneɣt n tmurt n Arminya. Zedɣen-tt 1.083.800 n yimezdaɣen (2020).
Addad (tajerrumt)
Addad d awal amaynut yesnulfa Mulud At Mεemmer mi yura tajerrumt-is n teqbaylit s teqbaylit. Addad d taskant (lxeṣla) ger teskanin n yisem deg tutlayin timaziɣin merra, siwa kra n tantaliwin n Libya, n Maṣer, ak° d Mawritanya.
Ismawen ineṣliyen n tmaziɣt (mačči d ireṭṭalen seg tutlayin-nniḍen) sɛan sin n waddaden: addad ilelli (s tefransist état libre) d waddad amaruz (état d'annexion).
Addad amaruz n yismawen yezmer ad yili :
Adlesumuɣ
taggayt:tajerrumt
Kopenhagen
Kopenhagen, d tamaneɣt n Danmark yerna d nettat ay d tamdint tameqrant akk n tmurt-a.
Kopenhagen tezga-d deg wegmuḍ (ccerq) n Danmark. Zedɣen-tt 464.566 n yimezdaɣen. Tesɛa asagen (lmerṣa) ameqran n tnezzut (ttjaṛa), tamguri (industrie) akked ṣṣyada n yiselman.
Ṭugu
Taggayt:Timura n Tefriqt
Taggayt:Timura n Ddunit
Ccix Nureddin
Ccix Nurdin, isem-is n tidett, Nuredin Mezyan, d agerruj n yedles aqbayli : d amedyaz, d acennay, d asegbar yerna d aɣeyyaḍ (musicien). Ilul deg 1918 di taddert n ugemmun di Laṛebɛa n At Yiraten. D mmi-s n Si Muḥend Taḥar Ugemmun, illan d aselmad di taddart-is, deg uɣerbaz n Sidi Abderaḥman. Yemmut deg 1999, yeǧǧad deffir-es timaḍ (d 100-yat) n yezlan, isefra akk d tuɣac. Afares-is (sa production) yebda-t zdat (uqbel n) trad n umḍal amezwaru.
Tuddert n Ccix Nurdin
Alamma d 16 iseggasen, Ccix Nuredin yettruḥu s aɣerbaz n Leqran. Deg 1935 ikcem ar tɣiwant n Lezzayer tamanaɣt i deg yezdeɣ gma-s i ɣer yella. Illa a 'iserbay' deg waṭas n leqhawi d iseččayen. Illa yesɛa yiwen useččay amecṭuḥ 'gargote' di 'Port-Saïd (square Bresson)'. Asegwas umbaɛd (1936), illa a yttɣenni mi isirid leḥwal, dɣa anemhal n 'Pathé Marconi' Mas 'Finkel' izedɣen ur ibɛad ara i syin, i slay-as i ṣut-is. Inna yas ma yebɣa ad isekles deg uxxam uzawan n 'Pathé Marconi', ansuf yis-ek. Imiren, i sufɣed i tikkelt tamezwarut tuɣac ines i yettwasnen 'Anef-iyi ad ruɣ', ak d 'A xali xali'.
Sin issegwasen mbaɛd (1938), isekles aḍebsi amezwaru ines, anda llant azal n 12 n tezlatin. Gar-asent: 'Alu Tsisiti', 'Yelli-s n tmurt', 'Anef-iyi ad ruɣ', 'A xali xali', atg. Ur iɛeṭer ara armi id isbed ayen umi neqqar 'orchestre' aɣerfan aqbayli amezwaru, netta d : Namus, Sidaḥ, Aḥmed Meǧul, Ḥaǧ Menwar. D nitni iǧan i waṭas n izuren ad ufraren, am: Kamal Ḥemadi, Yusef Abǧawi, Racid Mezyan, atg.
Deg 1960, yura yiwen n wedlis umi isemma 'Un Algérien raconte' ar Tizrigin 'Seuil'. Deg 1998, Amyaru aqbayli Yusef Nasib yerra yas tajmilt di yiwen n wedlis s wazal-is anda id yeḥka tameddurt-is u yura-d ugar n 200 isefra ines. Adlis-agi ifeɣ-d ar Tizrigin 'El-Ouns', isem-is 'Ccix Nuredin: Aẓruf, Amedyaz, Acenay', neɣ s tefranṣiṣt : 'Cheikh Noureddine, comédien, poète, chanteur'.
Talalit n Rradyu n teqbaylit
Deg 1938, Ccix Nuredin d yiwen seg wid yellan deffir n tlalit n Rradyu n teqbaylit i yellan di 'rue du Dr Saâdane (ex-Berthèzene)'. Tuɣal tin umi neqqar tura Amaṭṭaf wis 2 n Rradyu taɣelnayt n Lezzayer. Illa ixeddem degs aṭas umezgun, rwayat 'sketč', akw d tuɣac d tedwilin. Rradyu aggi, tella d tin ansi i d-tefɣent tinazurin timuqranin, am : Lla Zina, Lla Yamina, Nna Crifa, Ǧamila, atg.
Ccix Nuredin isekles ugar n 500 tezlatin. Illa iḥemmel azawan aɣerfan neɣ ayen umi neqqar 'Caɛbi'. Dɣa d netta i yuran unazur n 'Caɛbi' Ḥaǧ Mrizeq, taɣuct i yettwasnen imiren i lmend tarbaɛt n takurt uḍar: 'Lmuludeyya n Lezzayer'. Illa imsuder (coyoyer) netta d inazuren imuqranen am : Ccix Lɛenqa, Ameqqran Agawa, d Sadeq Abǧawi, atg. Axedmen yak tuɣac i Rradyu n Teqbaylit i waken attidir. Daɣen Ccix Nuredin ixedem aṭas n tcequfin umezgun i Rradyu n Teqbaylit, anda itturar-d acḥal iseggasen tamtilt n yiwet n ṭmeṭṭut “Xalti Aduda”, zdat inazuren wiyaḍ am: Muḥemmed Ḥilmi, Amar U Yaɛqub, Saɛid Zanun, Ɛli Ɛebdun, Saɛid Ḥilmi, Aḥmed Aymen, atg.
Ccix Nuredin ixdem daɣen aṭas n tedwilin i rradyu n teqbaylit. Gar-asent id yeffɣen deg 1956, illan ilmend icennayen deg webrid ulemed neɣ 'Chanteurs amateurs'. Dɣa d nnuba yagi i yuɣalen ar zdat tettwasen s yisem : Icennayen n uzekka.
Ccix Nuredin d Sinima
Ccix Nuredin illa daɣen d asegbar muqren n Sinima. Amseḍru isura n Sinima i yettwasnen: Muḥemmed Lexḍar Ḥamina, iḥemel-it nezzeh. Dɣa ifek yas tamtilt deg usaru: 'Chronique des années de braise' ig bwin yiwen n warraz di 'Cannes' deg 1975. Di 1983, ifek yas daɣen tamtilt deg usaru : Tugna Tannegarut (La dernière image).
Ger isura wiyaḍ anda isɛa tamtilt, d wigi:
Llan daɣen sin isura 'Les Enfants de Novembre' d 'les Chevaux du soleil' i yettwaxedmen di tmurt n Spenyul akwed tnaẓurt n cnna taqbaylit Ḥnifa. Asaru-yagi n 'les Chevaux du soleil' iḥekku-d tudert n 'Lmuqrani', ar tura ur d yurar ara di Lezzayer.
Timlilit d Sliman Ɛazem
Deg 1972 Ccix Nuredin yunag ar Paris di Fransa, anda yemlal d unazur Sliman Ɛazem, u bdan amecwar n ccna di sin d acḥal iseggasen. Skelsen azal n 96 n tezlatin, gar-asent tid n teḍṣa d necraḥa. Dɣa d anecta iǧan deg 1981 Ccix Nuredin megdul seg umuɣ/amulas n warazen ilmend n wid iqedcen i yedles azzayri. Tagi d yiwet ger tuɣac icnan di sin : Ccix Nuredin d Sliman Ɛazem.
Tamselyut
Ccix Nuredin Ccix Nuredin
Aneẓruf n Namib
Aneẓruf n Namib d yiwen n uneẓruf i d-yezgan deg yirawen n teftist tutrimt n Tferka n Wenẓul s agensu n tmurt n Namibya, tajumma n uneẓruf-a tugar 81,000 km², ayen i d-t-iǧǧan ad yili d aneẓruf ameqran wis sin yakk di Tferka seld n Uneẓruf Ameqran. Namib ittumeggez d aneẓruf amzik (aqbur) yakk deg umaḍal, acku yella-d send n 80 n imelyan n iseggasen.
Imniren
Taggayt:ineẓrufen Taggayt:ineẓrufen n Tferka Taggayt:ineẓrufen n Tferka n Wenẓul Taggayt:ineẓrufen n Namibya
Agemmay ssirilik
Ssirilik d agemmay ixelq-it-id Siril g lqern 9, ttarun syes tutlayin am tarusit, tukranit, tutlayin tislaviyin nniḍen.
Izdayen iberraniyen
Taggayt:Agemmay
Umuɣ n tiwilayin n Tmurt Leqbayel
Tiwilayin Tid sat n Tmurt Taqbaylit
right|Tiwilayin n Tmurt n Iqbayliyen
Tajumma
Tawilayt ugaren tiyeḍ nniḍen:
Tawilayt ddaw tiyeḍ nniḍen:
Umuɣ n 7 tiwilayin n Tmurt n Iqbayliyen
Tafelwit uḍfiṛ i t-efk umuɣ n tiwilayin tiqbayliyin dɣa, i t-efk daɣen, i yal tawilayt, tangalt is, isem is (d isem n tamdint yellan amḍiq-aɣella n tawilayt), amḍan n igezda (d afraq adbel n tawilayt), amḍan n timdinin, tajumma-s, d imezdaɣ is.
{|class="wikitable sortable" !Code
!Tawilayt
!Amḍan n timdinin
!Tajumma Km²
!Imezdaɣ (uddun n 2008 )
Tira d timselɣa
Tiwilayin
Ɣana
Ɣana d tamurt n Tefriqt tutrimt. Tajumma-nnes 238.535 km2. Zedɣen-tt 23.837.000 n yimezdaɣen (Iɣaniyen). Tamaneɣt-nnes d Akra.
Finistère
Finistère d agezdu (département) n ugafa-utrim (nord-ouest) n Fransa, yezga-d deg utaram n tama n Bretagne. Tajumma-nnes 6,733 km² (yikilumitren imkuẓen). Zedɣen-t 890,509 n yimezdaɣen. Tamaneɣt-nnes d tamdint n Quimper.
Taggayt:Igezda n Fransa
Narabas
narabas d aqerru n yiserdasen Amaziɣ anumidi di nnfaq n wid iḍemεen deg udrim neɣ nnfaq alibi di lgirra tabuniqit. narabas d amedya abuniqi n Narbal neɣ nεrbeεl
tiddukla ds Himlkar Berqa
di nnfaq abunidi itekka narabas d yiserdasen n sbindyus. deg waked iqessḥen. yerra axeddim-is ɣer himlkar berqa deg useggas n 239 uqbel n tlalit n sidna εisa. yuwed s axxam n yiserdasen s 2000 n yimnayen inumidiyen d wigi i yekksen axessar ddren yiserdasen n himlkar brqa. enan yiserdasen-is iceffaren n Matus ( aqerru n yilibiyen ) deg nnfaq n wasif n baɣrdas mi kfan. Narabas yegled tamdint n Utika
tawacult
Yuɣ Narabas yelli-s n Hamliqar Berqa, yemnasab d Wat Berqa xas akken ur nessin ara isem-is isemma-as ufransis Gustaf Flubir (( salambu )) deg ungal-is n 1862 n tlalit .,
Taggayt:Amezruy n Inumiden
Sarajevo
Sarajevo d tamaneɣt n Busnya ed Hirzigubina, tezga-d deg tlemmast n tmurt.
Zedɣen-tt 310.605 n yimezdaɣen (436.572 s yegmamen ay d-yezzin fell-as). D Iṭerkiyen Iɛetmanen ay d-yesbedden Sarajevo deg tamida tis 15. Deg 1984, Uraren Ulimpiyen n Tegrest llant deg Sarajevo.
Tamdint-a tenḍerr aṭas seg wemgaru-nni (ṭṭrad) ay inekren deg Busnya ed Hirziguvina gar 1992 ed 1995, yerna aṭas seg lbenyanat-nnes ay ihudden imir-nni, maca ass-a, ttɛawaden bennun-tt.
2 fuṛaṛ
Ass n 2 fuṛaṛ d ass wis 33 n useggas. Llan 332 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas, wis 333 deg iseggasen bisekstil. 1 fuṛaṛ - 2 fuṛaṛ - 3 fuṛaṛ
Imagraden iqqenen
Taggayt:Ass n fuṛaṛ
Tijellabin
Tijelabin d tamdint n Dzayer i yezgan-d ar tama utaram n Tmurt n Leqbayel di ugezdu n Bumerdas gar Tizi n At Ɛica d Budwaw ar 45 km n Dzayer tamaneɣt d 55km si Tizi Wezzu ar ugmuḍ. Tezga-d ar 4km n temdint n Bumerdas.
Párvusz
Párvusz (ilul s yisem n Norbert Kiss, 1 Meɣres 1981) d anaẓur amsuneɣ ahungri.
Tijellabin
Ass-a, tigti n At Tijelabin ttmeslayen s teɛrabt gar-asen, kra n tuddar tineṣliyin kan i yettmeslayen s teqbaylit deg tɣiwant-nni.
Párvusz
Tameddurt
Yeɣra di Budapest d Szeged. S umata taẓuri n Párvusz tebna ɣef lmidad n Cinwa, tikwal yesseqdac taklut n waman, maca iniyen lsas zgan d aberkan d umellal. Anaẓur Ahungri Endre Szász d unaẓur Alman M. C. Escher ɣur-sen tazrirt (influence) ɣef tẓuri-ines. Di 2004, yufa-d aɣanib-is (style), imi zik yella yettales kan I tifelwa n sin inaẓuren-nni I d-nebder. Di 2005, yunag ɣer Lapland, sinakkin yuɣal-d ɣer Hungri anda I yebda asuneɣ n kra n tugniwin s izamulen n Saami. Tafelwit-is yufraren di tallit-nni d Saami Mona Lisa, I yenzan di Nurvij. Di 2007 sa (sebɛa) n tfelwa I d-yesken deg temsikent Tanurvijit di Tromsø.[5] Di 2009 yefren abrid nniḍen di tẓuri, yebda inneǧǧer deg usɣar.
Agemmay
thumb|250px Agemmay d tagrumma n yisekkilen (lettres) yettuseqdacen i tira n tutlayin, yal asekkil d imesli.
Imira, llan aṭas n yigemmayen, kra ttusemman agemmay aḥeqqani (alatini, sirilik...), u kra ttusemman agemmay n lekdeb neɣ abjed (aɛebri, aɛrab..), Agemmay abjed ɣur-s tirgalin (consonnes) kan, ur yisɛi ara tiɣra(voyelles).
Amezruy
Agemmay amezwaru yella d abjed, d agemmay Proto-Sinaitic akk d wadi el-ḥul.
──o Tira protosémitik ├─o Proto-Sinaitik (Lqern -XVI) ├─o Ougaritik (Lqern -XIII) ? ?  | └─o Afiniqi (Lqern -XI armi Lqern -X) |  ├─o Paléo-aɛebri (Lqern -IX) |  ├─o Punique |  | └─o Tifinaɣ (lqern -VI) |  ├─o Arami (lqern -IX) |  | ├─o Aɛebri (lqern -VI) |  | ├─o Tira n Asya Alemmas (Sogdien, Ouïgour, Amunguli, Amandču, atg.) |  | ├─o Akaructi (lqern -III) |  | ├─o Brahmi (lqern -III) |  | ├─o Anbaṭi (lqern -I) |  | └─o asuryan (lqern +I) |  |   :   |   |   └─o Aɛrab (lqern +VI) |  └─o Agrigi (lqern -IX) |    ├─o Itruski (lqern -VIII) |    | └─o Alatini (lqern -V armi -IV) |    ├─o Aqebṭi (lqern +IV) |    ├─o Géorgien (lqern +V) |    ├─o Armini (lqern +V) |    └─o Ssirilik (lqern +IX) └─o Tira n tmurt waɛraben (lqren -X) ├─o Nord-arabiques (Safaïtique, Atamudi, atg.) └─o Sud-arabiques ├─o Himyarite
Taggayt:Agemmay
Minnesota
Minnesota d yiwen seg Yiwunak Yeddukklen, yezga-d deg ugafa (nord) n tmurt, ɣef tlisa n Kanada. Tajumma-nnes 225.181 km2 (yikilumitren imkuẓen). Zedɣen-t 5.303.925 n yimezdaɣen. Tamaneɣt-nnes d Saint Paul.
Kalifurnya
Kalifurnya d yiwen seg Yiwunak Yeddukklen, yezga-d deg utaram (lɣerb) n tmurt, ɣef Ugaraw Amelw. Tajumma-nnes 423.970 km2 (yikilumitren imkuẓen). Zedɣen-t 37.253.956 n yimezdaɣen. Tamaneɣt-nnes d Sacramento.
Taggayt:Anẓul utrim n Iwunak Yeddukklen
Malawi
Malawi s yisem unsib Tamurt n Malawi (s tanglizit: Republic of Malawi) d tamurt n Tefriqt n unẓul-utram yettwasnen zik s yisem n Nyasaland. Tezzin ɣer Zambya ɣer ugafa-utram, Tanzanya ɣer ugafa-utram, Mozambiq ɣer usammer, agmuḍ d unẓul. Tamurt-a tefreq-itt-id seg Tanzanya d Muzambik s ugelmim n Malawi. Tesεa 118.000 km2 ma d agdud-is ugar n 13.900.000 n yimezdaɣen. Tamaneɣt-is d Lilongwe, d tamdint tis snat meqqren deffir Blantyre, ma d tamdint tis tlata d Muzuzo. Isem-is yekka-d seg Marafi, isem aqdim n wegdud n Nyanga i izedɣen tama-nni. Tamurt-a tettusemma daɣen s yisem n 《leḥma n wul n Tefriqt》. 1
Taggayt:Timura n Tefriqt
Taggayt:Timura n Ddunit
Tifeffeɣt tazzayrit
Tifeffeɣt tazzayrit yettwarun s tefransist
Tifeffeɣt tazzayrit yettwarun s teɛrabt
Tifeffeɣt tazzayrit yettwarun s tmaziɣt
Taggayt:Iɣmisen n Lezzayer
Eminem
Eminem neɣ Slim Shady isem aḥeqqani Marshall Bruce Mathers III, ilul ass n 17 Tuber 1972 di Kansas City deg ugezdu n Missouri di tmurt n Marikan. D anaẓur deg uɣanib n rap.
Nairobi
Nairobi d tamaneɣt n Kenya. Zedɣen-tt 3.138.295 n yimezdaɣen.
4 fuṛaṛ
Ass n 4 fuṛaṛ d ass wis 35 n useggas. Llan 330 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas, wis 331 deg iseggasen bisekstil. 3 fuṛaṛ - 4 fuṛaṛ - 5 fuṛaṛ
Imagraden iqqenen
Taggayt:Ass n fuṛaṛ
Eminem
Tizlatin
Taggayt:Tameddurt Taggayt:Aẓawan
Lilongwe
Lilongwe d tamaneɣt n Malawi. Zedɣen-tt 902.388 n yimezdaɣen.
ASCII
ANGAL n ASCII, (American Standard Code for Information Interchange), d angal (code) ifehhem anagar tameslayt n uselkim (machine language). Ameslay n uselkim d azrar n "0" d "1", d talɣa timisint (forme binaire). Mi ara neẓreg (éditer) azamul (d asekkil neɣ d amḍan..), azamul-a ad yettwasuqqel ɣer tmeslayt n uselkim ; yal azamul yellan ɣef unasiw (clavier), ɣur-s azal-is d angal (code). Gar wengalen yellan : ASCII, tanselfat (sigle) n (American Standard Code for Information Interchange), angal s tizeɣt amarikan n usmeksel n tilɣa. Anagalt-a d win n yemḍanen d yisekkilen d tecraḍ n usenqeḍ (signes de ponctuations) n tecraḍ nniḍen. Angal ASCII, deg-s 256 n wengalen. Tebḍa ɣef sin yeḥricen, yal aḥric deg-s 128.
Angalen isluganen: (Standard codes)
Seg 0 ar 31, d angalen n usenqed (control) n umyawaḍ (communication) d wayen yeɛnan tsaggazt (impimente). Ticraḍ n wengalen-a ur d-teffɣent ara ɣef ugdil (écran), d ilem. Seg 32 ar 127, d angalen n tecraḍ n usenqeḍ d yemḍanen (0 ar 9) d yisekkilen imeqqranen, imeẓyanen n ugemmay Arumani. Ticraḍ n wengalen-a teffɣent-d ɣef ugdil.
Angalen isakaken : (Extensive codes)
Seg 128 ar 255, d tanaglin n wid i d-isnulfuyen iseɣẓanen (Software).
Tamselyut
Taggayt:Tasenselkimt
Oklahoma
Oklahoma d yiwen seg Yiwunak Yeddukklen, yezga-d deg tlemmast n tmurt. Tajumma-nnes 181.195 km2 (yikilumitren imkuẓen). Zedɣen-t 3.751.351 n yimezdaɣen. Tamaneɣt-nnes d Oklahoma City.
Amafag n Da Nang
thumb|250px|right|Anafag n Da Nang
Tikubaniyin n tufga
Tikubaniyin i tsawin-tserran ar unafag n Da Nang:
Tamehla
Taggayt:Vietnam
La Dépêche de Kabylie
La Dépêche de Kabylie ("Tabratt n Tmurt n Leqbayel") d aɣmis (ajernan) azzayri yettwarun s tefransist akked tmaziɣt deg iseggasen-agi ineggura. Uṭṭun amezwaru yeffeɣ-d deg wass 13 yunyu 2002. Win it-id-ixelqen d Leɛmara Benyunes, aneɣlaf aqbur n Butefliqa. Aɣmis-agi iḥemmel aṭas Butefliqa d ukabar n Benyunes UDR.
Azday (aseɣwen) aberrani
Asmel (adeg) n weɣmis
3 fuṛaṛ
Ass n 3 fuṛaṛ d ass wis 34 n useggas. Llan 331 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas, wis 332 deg iseggasen bisekstil. 2 fuṛaṛ - 3 fuṛaṛ - 4 fuṛaṛ
Tilalliyin
Taggayt:Ass n fuṛaṛ
5 fuṛaṛ
Ass n 5 fuṛaṛ d ass wis 36 n useggas. Llan 329 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas, wis 330 deg iseggasen bisekstil. 4 fuṛaṛ - 5 fuṛaṛ - 6 fuṛaṛ
Imagraden iqqenen
Taggayt:Ass n fuṛaṛ
Taɣewwaɣt
thumb|right|180px|Taɣewwaɣt di Berlin (2001) Taɣewwaɣt d tameskant tumant, s umata tukriḍt, tella d agmuḍ n tawliwelt tamazdayt. Widak ittekkin ar tiɣewwaɣint n semmasen iɣewwaɣen.
Iflisen
Amezruy
isem-agi n yiflisen llan wi d yeqqaren dagla-nsen llan da¥en wiyadh. qqran-d (iflisen = les pirates )
Tira d timselɣa
Taggayt:Taɣiwant n twilayt n Tizi-Uzzu
Ǧamal Ɛellam
Ǧamal Ɛellam d acennay aqbayli, ger imezwura i cnan s uẓawan atrar. Ilul deg 1947 di Bgayet, yemmut ass n 15 cṭember 2018 di Paris. Ilmed aẓawan deg uɣerbaz uẓawan n Bgayet. Deg 1970 iruḥ ar tɣiwant n 'Marseille', imiren izger ar 'Paris' di Fransa. Deg 1974, ixdem di Radyu 'France Inter' akw d 'Claude Villers'. Dɣa d netta i t-iskecmen ar wexxam n idebṣiyen 'Escargots' (win id isufɣen idebṣiyen n inazuren mucaɛen am 'François Béranger' d 'Gilles Vigneault'). Yuɣal Jamal Ɛellam yufrared asmi i d-isufeɣ tuɣac timezwura ines: Arjut, mara d-yuɣal, atg.
Idebṣiyen n Jamal ɛellam
Ɛellam Ɛellam
Ibn Sina
Ibn Sina (s taɛrabt : أبو عَلْي الحُسَيْنَ بن عَبد الله بن سِينَا), illul deg 980 ɣer yiri n Buxara d yemmut deg 1037 deg Hamdan (deg Iṛan n tura), d amejjay (ṭṭbib) ed afelsaf ineslem, yettwassen s yimuhal-is deg yeḥricen n tafelsaft d tasnujjya, yura Adlis n ḥellu (s taɛrabt : كتاب الشفاء) d tasanayt tameqqrant tussnant ed tafelsafit. yura daɣen Lqanun n tasnujjya (s taɛrabt : القانون في الطب) d yiwen seg yidlisen i yettwassnen mliḥ n umezruy n tasnujjya.
Kigali
Kigali d tamaneɣt n Rwanda. Zedɣen-tt 965.398 n yimezdaɣen.
Tirni Iɣallen Inemlayen
Tirni Iɣallen Inemlayen (Front des Forces socialistes, FFS) d akabar asertay i yellan di Tmurt n leqbayel; yettwaxleq-d deg 1963 s yifasen n Ḥusin At Ḥmed.
Tirni Iɣallen Inemlayen d amaslad deg Anemlay Agraɣlan (Socialist International).
Amezruy n ukabar yetteqqen s amezruy n amalway Lhocine At Aḥmed yettnaɣen ɣef asgdud n Lezzayer sennig n 40 isegassen aya. Tirni Iɣallen Inemlayen ur tekcim ara deg tafrant n teselwit deg 2002.
Tamselyut
Taggayt:Akabar asertay
Igen aɣelnaw aɣerfan (Lezzayer)
Igen aɣelnaw aɣerfan d isem n igen azzayri seg azarug n tmurt ass n 5 yulyu 1962. Tettwasuddes s inzaḍen n iɣallen n wakal, n ilel, n yigenni dɣa tamḥaddit tagenwant n wakal, daɣen état-major amasay n amres akkw d assewjed n iserdasen ar imenɣi. Taqacuct n umyellel aserdasi tettaweḍ srid ar aɣella n Uwanak, deg tamenḍawt d aɣella anafella n Iɣallen imsellḥen d aneɣlaf n Tamḥaddit taɣelnawt.
Trad n yiceffaren
ṭrad n yiceffaren d aɣewwiw ixedmen yiceffaren amur ameqqran deg-sen llan deg yiserdasen n Qerṭaj wagi mi yekfa ṭrad abuniqi amezzwaru ( 264 ut armi d 241 ut ) tekfa s lexsara n temdint tabuniqit. yusa-d ṭrad agi ardekal umwali n talwit d tagduda n tagduda tarumanit i yeqqimen krad n yiseggasen d ukkuz n wayyuren ( si tefsut n 241 ut ar taggara n 238 ut )
yekfa ṭrad abuniqi amezzwaru mi bɣan yiεeggalen n Tuligarcit taqertajit ad fakken lexsara tameqqrant i d-wwin seg umennuɣ. macci imi xesren ṭrad xas ma huddent deg-s azal n 500 n teflukin di 23 n yiseggasen d tagi i d tamentilt tagejdant xas ma xesren daɣen di tgalfut n tegzirin tiεuqadiyin lexsara meqqren. yewwi-d umwali n talwit di 241 u.t ssuma meqqren i qertaj acku tekka-d tezɣent tudmist yernu xlan yikufa n tmurt.
aɣewwiw di tazzwara yella akka iceffaren llan seg xilla n lejnas wid yettekkan deg yimennuɣen agi ur ttwaxelsen ara beddlen yimdebbren n Qertaj tanilla yuli umennuɣ yuwed ɣer yixeddamen yiqburen ur yettwaxelsen ara i yennuɣen di Sisil
rnan-d ar yiɣewwaɣen kran yilibiyen (yellan di tefriqt n ugafa ) d aya i as-yefkan tugna n ṭrad aɣrim d ayen id-bedren yimusnawen n umezruy belli tamentilt tagejdant d reffu-nsen si lexlas n diri kecmen-d ardekal tmental tisertiyin asentel agejdan-nsen d amek rran yiqertajiyen agduden iɣrimen d aklan
ardekal tixessarin i d-yekkan si snat n tnillatin yettnaɣen. rnan yidammen ttazzalen kter u kter akken id-yules Bulibyus deg udlis-is (( timucuha)). yezzi-df umaru afransis Gustab Flubir di 1862 tidyanin agi deg ungal-is Slambu
Nigib
Nigib (s thibṛu: נֶגֶב ; s tserɣint: النقب - Naqab) d yiwet n temnadṭ taneẓraft i d-yezgan deg wenẓul n tmurt n Yisrayel. Tajumma n uneẓruf-a tugar 13.000 km² yerna yettwassen s unezwu-ines aneẓraf d tdersi n ugeffur d umgarad meqren n tseddaṛin n teẓɣelt gar n wass d yiḍ.
Imiren
Taggayt:Ineẓrufen Taggayt:Ineẓrufen n Yisrayel Taggayt:Tamiwin n Yisrayel
Oregon
Oregon d yiwen seg Yiwunak Yeddukklen. Tajumma-nnes 255.026 km2. Zedɣen-t 2.241.841 n yimezdaɣen. Tamaneɣt-nnes d Salem.
Laguiole (takemmart)
Laguiole (nṭeq-it layul), d tasiwelt n uẓar n takemmart (neɣ aguglu) taṛumit n uẓi n Aubrac s uyefki afraray n tfunast. Isem-is yekka-d seg taddart n Laguiole deg ugezdu n Aveyron di Fransa.
Iẓuṛan n takemmart agi tettalin-d ar timiḍi wis 15, asmi imunaken n ugni n Aubrac, deg amnaḍ n ansay n takemmart adigan aqdim, sneflan asiweḍ (n iseksaten) n izegrawen uyefki dɣa bedden aɣraf ines. Tafarest-is tesɛa deg timiḍi wis 19 asfari d ameqqran aṭas, daɣen ula d tisellat-ines tesɛa. Tisellat-nni ttwassebded ɣef ajmaɛ n tanzagt uɣzifen dɣa ɣef yiwet taɣara n ifarisen yecudden aṭas s wakal adigan: anezwu aweɛran, tiferdi tuzzigt n idurar, tifunasin n iri azegraw.
Takemmart laguiole qrib tenger deg talemmast n timiḍi wis 20, ɣef ljal n atigen n uɣraf aɣlayen dɣa ilɣiten ad afen ixeddamen i uɣraf n takemmart deg ixxamen imensayen "buron". Yuɣal-d, seg iseggasen 1960, s tallalt n infarasen idiganen, yebɣan ad snernin tukkest n timiḍiwin yezwiren. Tafarest tesniled seg iseggasen 1980 ɣer taɣara d tikemmarin n ujmaɛ dɣa gweḍen-d seg taggara n iseggasen 1990 ar tasmekta talemmast yetṛuḥun gar 700 d 750 iṭunen n laguiole yenzan yal aseggas.
Tasiwelt agi yettwaḥerzen sɣur ticraḍ AOC seg useggas 1961 d AOP seg 2008. Tafarest n uyefki, tafarest d umesel n tikemmarin ilaq ad yetwexdem deg taɣzut tamaḍlarant n aẓi agmawi n Aubrac i bɛuẓẓelen ɣef 73 timdinin n igezda n Aveyron, n Cantal dɣa n Lozère.
Ṭariqa tareḥmanit
vignette|Zawiya n Lhamel Ṭariqa Tareḥmanit ( s tfinaɣ ⵜⴰⵕⵃⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ, s taɛrabt : الرحمانية ) d tariqa tineslemt taṣufit, id-yeffɣen deg useggas n 1774 sɣur Mhemmeḍ U Ɛebderreḥman (s taɛrabt: محمد بن عبد رحمان ) iwumi qqaren daɣen Bu Qebrin, di tmurt n Leqbayel teffeɣ-d seg tariqa taxalwatit. Tareḥmanit tesɛa imḍefren itt-yeṭṭafaren si tlalit-is armi d lqern wis 20, tilisa-ines ruḥent si Tunes armi d Lmerruk. Teqqim treḥmanit tcudd ɣer tmurt n Leqbayel ideg d-kker ladɣa deg nnfaq n 1871, i xedmen yiwudam imeqqranen seg-s akka am Ccix Amezyan Lḥeddad. Deg 1950 d nettat akk di ṭṭariqa tameqqrant yesɛan azal ameqqran deg lezzayer, swazal n 230 000 n yimḍeffren, macas ṭul tasut tis snat n tmerwin thudd teddukli-ines.
Ulmud-is deg tmura n Umecriq d tuɣaltin ɣer Lezzayer
gauche|vignette|Taseddawit n Azrhar i lecyux inselmen di [[Maṣer]] Mḥemmed U Ɛebderreḥman, ilul ndeg useggas n 1715 deg udrum n Wat Smaɛil deg tmurt n Leqbayel, yebda ulmud deg zawiya taqranit n temnnaḍt-nni-nsen ideg d-yelmed kra n tussna deg tutlayt akked usɣan, yella d anelmad aḥercan bedren-as-d kra ad yerzu ɣer Umecreq akken ad yelmed dinna, ladɣa imi imiren tamurt n Leqbayel llan ǧehden wassaɣen-is d tmura tiɛrabin d tinselmin. Yerza ɣer Umecriq iḥuǧǧ-d di Mekka (1739-1740) syinna iɛedda ɣzer Maṣer iwakken ad yelmed deg tseddawit n azhar. Yeɣra ɣer umusnaw axalwati ameqrran Mḥemmed lḥefnawi, mi d-yuweḍ wakud ad yuɣal ɣer tmurt-is iwṣṣa-t ccix-is ad yawi timsirin tixalwatiyin ɣer tmurt n Leqbayel, yuɣal ɣer tmurt iɣef iɣab kraḍ n tmerwin iseggasen yebda yettawi-d timsirin tiṣufiyin i yuɣalen jebdent-d tayri n yal amusnaw deg temdinin timeqqranin n Lezzayer, Qsenṭina d Bgayet.
Abeddi mgal tareḥmanit d tmacahut n sin n yiẓekwa
Lmut n uneggaru-agi tewwi-d asebtar amaynut deg umennuɣ n wajjed d tsertit-agi. Mi slan i lmut n Mḥemmed U Ɛebderreḥman deg 1973 di Ǧerǧer, inembaḍen iterkiyen yuweḍ iten-id lexbar belli aṭas n yimdanen i yerzan ɣer wammas n tmurt n Leqbayel iwakken ad ḥḍren i lǧanaza-s, ugaden ad yekker ad yeqqre nnfaq si temnadt ur nelli ara akken ilaq lḥal s ddaw n leḥkem-nsen. Ḍelben-d i yimḍefren n ṭariqa yettidiren di LLezzayer tmanaɣt ad d-awin tafekka-s iwakken ad temḍel deg tmanaɣt, nutni iswi-nsen ad sḥebsen zzyarat n lmumnin s ṭariqat ɣer tmurt n Leqbayel ad zzin akk ɣerr tmurea yella s ddaw n ufus aɛetmani. Ihi kra seg yimḍeffren ssaxwlen ad temḍel tfekka ɣur-sen d ayen id-isenkreen ccwal gar yimḍeffren iqbayliyen d yiberraniyen, mebla ma neẓra amek tefra taluft ufan-d tafekka n Mḥemmed tuɣal d snat yiwet temḍel deg tmanaɣt tayeḍ deg Tmurt n Leqbayel, d ayen i as-yefkan aɣara n M'ḥemmed Bu Qebrin (Mḥemmed Bu sin yiẓekwan ) dɣa ar assa Mḥemmed U Ɛebderreḥman Bu Qebrin d yowen seg yiṣellaḥen n Lezzayer tamanaɣt.
Ṭariqa berra n tmurt n Lebayel
n uɣella-ines ur yeḥbis ara timɣer n ṭariqa tareḥmanit i yuɣalen d Ṭariqa yesɛan amdεan ameqqran akk n yimḍeffren deg Lezzayer, s lexlaf n ṭariqat i tt-id yezwaren (taqadirit, tacadlit, taɛemmarit, taɛisawit, tatiǧanit( tareḥmlanit kan i yeslḥqen ad teṭṭef di tmurt n Leqbayel imi ṭariqat-nniḍen ur d-ufint araaṭas n yimḍeffren dinna. TTerna tessewseɛ kter deg tama tacerqit armi tuwed ɣer Tunes. Ɣer tɣerbit mi tuweḍ ɣer Lmerruk, ɣer unẓul deg uneẓruf azzayri. vignette|Zawiya n Sidi Ɛmer Crif deg Sidi Dawud di Beɣliya, Delles, agezdu n Bumerdas, tamurt n Leqbayel n wadda. Ṭariqa tenḥef cwiya ladɣa imi tebḍa ɣef yiman-is. D amerruki Ɛisa lmeɣribi i yuɣalen deg wadeg n M'ḥemmed ardekal lmut-is, ṭariqa tareḥmanit ur tettxtiri ara aɣella-ines s lebni n yiẓuran-is neɣ n udrum-is, tella tebna ɣef zzawaya d leqdic ɣef leqran d annecta i ttirefden armi d uḥricwis sin n tasut tis snat n tmerwin.
Ṭariqa tessen kra n tallitin degf tasut tis mraw d ṭẓa ideg teqqen ɣer wammas neɣ tettwafsi seg-s, am yal ass tekka-d y)ef uẓar aqbayli n ṭariqa. Tekker tezɣent gar 1837 d 1842 imi ugin kra n lɛulama ad yili yiwen n ccix mačči d aqbayli d aqerru fella-sen ardekal Ccix Ɛisa. Tazɣent-agi tuwi-as-d i tariqa tareḥmanit aseǧhed n tnekda-ines taqbaylit, d uxsay n later-is di tmurt n Leqbayel, ladɣa imi zawiya tayemmat i yebna Mḥemmed U Ɛebderreḥman teffeɣ s yiman-is i ṭariqa.
Anekcum n fransa deg 1830 yuwi-d later d ameqqran ɣef ṭariqa imi nutni ḥebsen adabu aqdim d akk ayen yellan zik uqbel-nsern, ḥebsen axeddim s yiderman beddlken s win n yiɣaraten atraren yellan ɣer dewla, rnu-as asuneɣ n tlisa d uḥbas n lecyux i yellan ttnadin ɣef ubrid i usewseɛ n wid i ten-yeṭṭafaren di yal taddart taqbaylit. Rnu-as tasertit n ucengu afransis deg tmurt n Leqbayel s uɣlaq n leǧwameɛ d uhuddu n zawaya akked userɣi n yidlisen n Leqran d timenɣiwt n waṭas n yimussnawen d yimḍefren n ṭariqat akken ma llan ladɣa ardekal n tegrawla n ugeldun Ɛebdelqader azzayri. Ɣef way-a ssenkrent ṭariqat ladɣa tareḥmanit tigrawliwin mgal Fransa ladɣa di tmurt n Leqbayel.
Tagrawla n Lmeqrani
vignette|Ccix Ameẓyan Aḥeddad gauche|vignette|[[Muḥend At-Meqqran|Ccix Lmeqrani]] Mi yessenker Lḥaǧ Ɛmer nnafq mgal unekcum n Fransa ɣer tmurt n Leqbayel deg tazzwara n yiseggasen n 1830 tufa*-d tmetti taqbaylit ytekcem deg umannuɣ imi Lḥqaj Ɛmer yella d ayella ɣef ṭariqa gar yiseggasen n 1843 d 1857 ihi ṭariqa akk tekker-d mgal dɣa iqbayliyen i ycudden ɣur-s kkren akk mgal Fransa, mi kecmen yirumyen beddlen akk amek tettili tmetti, yettwanfa ccix ḥaǧ Ɛmer ɣer Tunes, tufa-d ṭariqa belli tuɣal ɣer lǧiha n Ṣedduq deg Bgayet.
Zawiya n Ṣedduq i yesɛan Ccix Amezyan aheddad ɣef uqerru-s d mmi-s Ɛaziz aheddad tella tbedd-d si tazzwara mgal Fransa .Ccix si tazzwara n 1860 yella d wadem ameqqrtan n usɣan id-yeǧǧan later d ameqqran deg ṭariqa yelḥeq armi yesdukkel akk iderman n tmurt taqbaylit, xas akka llant kra n zzwayit tireḥmaniyin umi lecyax-nsen llan ur ttxemmimen ara akka am Ccix aḥeddad .Ccix Ɛli Crif n zawiya n Yicellaḍen ur d ibedd ara mgal Fransa yesenker nfaq n wawal mgal zawiya n Ṣedduq, ccix Muḥend U Lḥusin d yiwen n uwadem yettwassnen aṭas s leqdic-is d yisefra-ines yella ibedd-d mgal Fransa yesteɛref s Ccix Aḥeddad mca ur yessawel ara i yimenɣi imi ur ɛdilent ara zawaya akked Fransa yesɛan yal amynut deg Leslaḥ. centré|vignette|Adgen n [[Nnfaq n Urumi|tegrawla n Lmeqrani]] Deg 1870, tamurt n Leqabyel tella seg 1830 tettnaɣ mgal Fransa tufa-d iman-is tefreq gar wid yessawalen i nnfaq d wid i t-yugaden, maca ardekal n ɣelmluy n Fransa deg umennuɣ n Lalaman akked lqanun n Krimyu fkan-as i zawiya afud iw akken ad tt-fareṣ tagnit ad tesseɣḍel Fransa. Deg 1871, yekker umennuɣ n Ccix Lmeqrani, yiwen n ccix yesɛan lmater-ines d ameqqarn deg Bgayet. Ccix Amezyan yeḥḍer i leqdic-ines amenzu di meɣres, mi yellken belli zemmren i ulmennuɣ yessawel i tuffɣa ɣer nnfaq i iqeddsen deg 08 yebrir 1871. Assaɣ ameqqran gar ṭariqa tareḥmanit d ugdud yuwi-d tanekra n 150 000 n yirgazen iqbayliyen.
Amafag n Ca Mau
thumb|250px|right|Anafag n Ca Mau
Tamehla
Taggayt:Vietnam
Ilula Umalu
Tira d timselɣa
Taggayt:Taɣiwant n twilayt n Tizi-Uzzu
Ṭaher Aweɣlis
Ṭaher Aweɣlis:الشيخ طاهر بن صالح بن أحمد بن موهوب السمعوني الجزائري الوغليسي
Aqbayli yerran taɛrabt d tutlayt n uɣerbaz
Tesmekta-d tidukla GEHIMAB amusnaw Taher Aweɣlis i tikelt tamezwarut.Aya yella-d ilmend n ssalun n tussna yitran n Bgayet ideg d-yella usekfel n udlis i yura deg uḥric n usiḍen n wakud"Da-irat fi maɛrifat al-awqat wal ayyam". Argaz-a yettwasnen s yisem : Cheikh Tahar El Djazairi El waghlissi Essemaouni, ilul di tmurt n Suriya deg useggas n 1852.D baba-s Saleḥ at Ccix yeɣran di temɛemmert n taddert-is:Semɛun(Sidi Lḥaǧ Ḥsiyen) i d-yezgan di tɣiwant n Chemini,i yunagen ɣer tmurt-a deg useggas n 1847. Yelmed Ṭaher Aweɣlis tamusni-s tamezwarut ɣer baba-s yellan d lmefti n lmedheb amaliki din di Suriya.Rnu ɣef temsal n ddin,yesselmed-as baba-s taqbaylit i yes-s yettmeslay akken ilaq akked warraw n tmurt-is i yellan dinna s waṭas.Mi d-yemmed yekcem ɣer uɣerbaz amezwaru anda i yelmed taṭurkit akked tfarsit d tusniwin yecban:tusnakt,tussna yitran d tussna ugama.Syin yekcem ɣer tesnawit ideg yelmed tafransist akked tutlayin ticerqiyin-nniḍen.S wakka ad yuɣal yessen azal n tmanya tutlayin:taqbaylit,taɛrabt,taṭurkit,tafarsit,takučikit,tasiryanit,taɛebrit akked tefransist. Dɣa s tneggarut-a ara d-yeldi tiṭ-is ɣer tɣerma yennernan imiren di tmura umalu. Asmi yella d ilemẓi ixuleḍ aṭas seg lecyax n ddin,ladɣa wid ur nelli ara d imṭurfa.Aya ad t-yeǧǧ ad yuɣal d win ur nzeddi ara di kra n usekkud neɣ lmedheb ɣas ma llan wid i yettcuddun ayen i yexdem ɣer tirmad n umussu n yislamawiyen yellan di tallit-nni.Netta ixuleḍ akk tirebbaɛ n ddin yegten di tmurt n Ccam:cciɛa,dduruz,imasiḥiyen d wuwdayen.Ger yimdukal-is,amestecreq ahungri Ignace Goldziher(1850-1921) i werǧin yettamen s tesreḍin.Amusnaw-a,yerra ɣer tutlayt talmanit yiwen seg yidlisen-is i yura di taɣult n lfilulujiya"Tawǧih annaḍer ila usul al-ater".
Yebda leqdic-is usnan,asmi i yella d aselmad deg yiwen uɣerbaz aṭurki i d-yezgan di temdint n Dimecq.Yeslul-d yiwet tdukla tusnant i d-yellethan s ujmaɛ n yidlisen iqdimen akked unadi ɣef tarrayin n uselmed s tutlayt taɛrabt.Ifures tagnit n wassaɣen yelhan i yesɛa akked lwali aṭurki Medhat Pasha(1822-1883) akken ad yeqdec mebla tugdi,u yerna iɛawen-it mliḥ wa yeṭṭfen adabu imi i iga ger yifassen-is akk allalen i t-ilezmen.S wakka ijmeɛ-d xilla n yidlisen iqdimen iɣef kebsen kra yimdanen deg yixxamen-nsen neɣ di leǧwameɛ.S yes-sen yeslul-d snat n temkerḍiyin timeqranin i mazal ar wass-a:"Dar al-kutub adhahiriya" di Suriya d "al-maktaba al-xalidiya" yellan di Yirucalim(Lquds). Deg 1871,yera-t lwali n ccam(Mithat Pasha) d amaswaḍ n yiɣerbazen imezwura.Di tallit-nni ur ggiten ara yiɣerbazen u yerna s tutlayt taṭurkit kan i yesselmaden.Rnu ɣur-s imawlan ur ttaken ara arraw-nsen ad ɣren ladɣa tiqcicin. Tilelli i as-tefka tedbelt n yimiren,teǧǧa-t ad yaf tifrat i wuguren-a n uselmed.Yesnerna amḍan n yiɣerbazen di akk timnaḍin n tmurt n Suriya,yelletha-d s useɛlem n yimawlan s tixuṭṭert n uɣerbaz,iqenneɛ-iten akken ad serḥen i tarwa-nsen ad tɣer abeɛda tiqcicin. Nnig n waya,ɣef wakken yura Dr Mazen Al-Mubarek(tasdawit n Doubai):"Cheikh Tahar El Djazairi ilmend n leqdic-is,yessaweḍ di kra kan n lweqt ad yerr taɛrabt d tutlayt n uselmed s wudem unsib".Aya yella-d s sebba n leqdic-is di tira n yidlisen uɣerbaz d wahilen uselmed i werǧin llan weqbel s tutlayt-a.Yerna daɣen yessileɣ-d aṭas n yiselmaden iwakken ad smersen deg unnar asenfar-a amaynut. Wid i yuran fell-as,cehden-d akk dakken"D tamusni-is n tutlayt tafransist i t-iɛawnen iwakken ad yeg s taɛrabt ahilen n uselmed icuban ɣer wid n tmura umalu".
Rnu ɣef leqdic-is apidaguji,yura aṭas n yidlisen deg uḥric n tesreḍt akked umezruy.Yeslul-d daɣen ayen umi semman:"Aqusis n Dimecq"ideg yessemliliy imusnawen d yirgazen n tsertit n tallit-nni.Deg uqusis-a sqerdicen timsal icudden ɣer tmetti d taluft n uslelli n tmura wwaɛraben yellan ddaw uzaglu aɛutmani.Taneqqiṭ-a taneggarut,tewwi-yas-d taɛdawit n udabu i yeqlen yetnadi fell-as akken ad t-yeṭṭef. Deg useggas n 1907,yerwel ɣer tmurt n Maser anda i yelletha d tira n yidlisen akked tɣamsa.Di tmurt-a yesɛedda ussan-is di lḥif imi yugi ad t-yesseqdec udabu i as-d-yettwehhin yal tikelt s yimukan ɛlayen.Netta yenna ɣef temsalt-a:"Ad ken-wessiɣ ɣef leqraya.Acu kan yelzem ɣef yal yiwen deg-wen ad yexdem tafellaḥt neɣ tjara neɣ kra n ssenɛa akken ur d-yettegray ara d aḥlil ɣer wid yeṭṭfen adabu.Wi ma uḥwaǧen-ken ad ken-sxedmen neɣ mulac ad ken-ǧǧen i laẓ".
Ccix Ṭaher d win yuɣalen ɣer Suruya asmi tewwi timunent-is deg 1919.Din rrant d anemhal ɣef temkerḍit i d-yeslul neta yakan(Dar al-kutub al-ḍahiriyya),rnan fkan-as amkan di tkadimit n tutlayt taɛrabt. Acu kan ur yerni ara aṭas di tudert,imi yewweḍ leɛfu Rebbi deg 1920,aseggas mbeɛd tuɣalin-is.
S wakka,Ṭaher Aweɣlis ad yernu isem-is ɣer zmam n yimaziɣen umi tettunefk tegnit di tɣermiwin tberraniyin akken ad ufrarin di tmusni.Am netta am:Ben Ǧerrum,Saint Augustin,Apulée d wid-nniḍden i d-yeǧǧan limarat deg umezruy n talsa. Tamurt n Lezzayer iɣer ttuɣalen yiẓuran-is,terra-yas tijmilt s tukci n yisem-is i yiwen uɣerbaz alemmas i d-yezgan di Lebyir(Lezzayer tamaneɣt).Amagrad-a daɣen i nebɣa ad as-yili d tijmilt,ad t-nextem s wawal-is: "Tuksa n tmusni ɣer yiɣerfan yetqeddmen d ayen yelhan s waṭas,mačči am wakken i ttwalin yibhimen dakken aya d aswiɣi".
Agraw imaziɣen
Agraw imaziɣen (neɣ Académie berbère s tefransist) d tiddukla tettwanulfa d (tettwaxleq) di 1966 g fransa, llan deg-s Muḥend Arab Besaɛud, Ṭawes Ɛemruc, Sliman Ɛazem, Muḥemmed Arkun ...atg.
Agraw imaziɣen mechur (yettwassen) isem-nsen axaṭer d nutni i ssidiren tifinaɣ, u snulfan-d asenǧaq amaziɣ. Tikkwal, Agraw imaziɣen uran deg lmagazin Imazighen s ugemmay n tifinaɣ.
taggayt:imaziɣen
Maryland
Maryland d yiwen seg Yiwunak Yeddukklen. Yezga-d deg ugafa-agmuḍan (nord-est) n tmurt. Tajumma-nnes 32.133 km2 (yikilumitren imkuẓen). Zedɣen-t 5.773.552 n yimezdaɣen (deg 2010). Tamaneɣt-nnes d Annapolis.
Addad amaruz
Addad amaruz d isem (mačči d tanzeɣt, mačči d amyag) i yettbeddilen talɣa; s ubeddel umagrad neɣ n teɣri tamenzut (A>U. A> WE…) neɣ s uɣelluy-ines (“A”). … Amek i yettbeddil? Mi ara yili deffir:
Akk ismawen ibeddun s umagrad neɣ s teɣri « u » ( d asuf neɣ d asget) a sen-nernu kan « w »( azgen aɣri neɣ azgen n teɣri « w »). Imedyaten :
Uccen>wuccen. Uccanen>wuccanen. Ugel>wugel.Uglan>wuglan. Udi>wudi. Ungal>wungalen.Ungalen>wungalen. Ulmu>wulmu… Yečča-t wuccen. Teḥreci n wuccanen. Yeɣli-yas-d wugel-nni. Ffɣen-d wuglan-nsent. Mellul wudi. Yelha wungal-is. Aṭas wungalen i yura. Ɣezzif wulmu. Llum yellan ɣef wuccen.. Teẓgi zedɣen wuccanen. Tamawt: Unti-nsen ur yettbeddi ara talɣa: Tarwa n tuccent; tarwa n tuccanin… Addad ilelli: “tuccent”; addad amaruz: “tuccent”.
Akk ismawen ibeddun s umagrad neɣ s teɣri « a » deg umalay asuf d wesget; a sen-nernu kan « w »( azgen aɣri neɣ azgen n teɣri « w »). Imedyaten : Adal (leḥcic n waman)>wadal; Adalen>wadalen; Addal (sport)>waddal; Addalen>waddalen; Azal*(ssuma/Lqima, mačči akud)>wazal. Azalen>wazalen; Allal>wallal; Allalen>wallalen; Ammas>wammas; Ammasen>wammasen; Affar>waffar; Affaren> waffaren; Arraz>warraz; Arrazen>warrazen; Addad>waddad; Addaden>waddaden; Akli>wakli; Aklan>waklan… Tamda yuli-tt wadal. S wazal-is. S wallalen-is. Yeẓwer deg waddal. Yettleɣwi wammas-ines si ccḍeḥ. Yessa-tt waffar. Acḥal warrazen i s-d-yeḍren? – Yiwen warraz kan. Ur igerrez waddad ideg yella. Amek llan waddaden-nsen? Yemlal d wakli. Ɣur-neɣ ur ttilin waklan… Tamawt: Akk ismawen n wesget i ibeddun s umagrad neɣ s teɣri « a » a sen-nernu kan « w »( azgen aɣri neɣ azgen n teɣri « w »). Imedyaten : Allen>wallen; Aman>waman… “cedhaɣ tukksa n lexrif d waman isemmaḍen”. “Kecmeɣ di lḥebs n wallen-im”.
Takurdit
thumb|290px|right|Timiwa ideg ttidiren Yikurdiyen.
Addad amaruz
1) “Azal-is meqqer> meqqer wazal-is. Azalen-nsen meqqrit> meqqrit wazalen-nsen”. 2) „Azal qerriḥ>qerriḥ uzal (akli uzal)>Izilan qerriḥit>qerriḥit izilan. Dda Lmulud At Mɛemmer meqqer wazal-is. D bab n wazalen. Deg uzal qayli. Deg izilan d ideflawen.
Takurdit
Takurdit d isem i semrasen i snat n tutlayin yettemcabin mliḥ, ttmeslayen-tent wazal n 13 n yimelyunen n yemdanen di tama-nni n Asya i wumi qqaṛen Kurdistan. Tamenzut d tutlayt takurmanjit (neɣ takurdit n ugafa), ma d tis snat d tutlayt tasuṛanit (neɣ takurdit n wenẓul), i ttmeslayen wazal n 2.800.000 n yemdanen di Lɛiraq akk d 3.000.000 n yemdanen di Iran.
Addad amaruz
Akk ismawen ibeddun s umagrad neɣ s teɣri « a » deg umalay asuf ; ma teḍfer-it-id yiwet tergalt kan, “ a“ –nni ad yuɣal d “ u“ (“ a“ >“u“ ) deg waddad amaruz. Imedyaten :
Takurdit
Takurmanjit, tin ay ttmeslayen waṭas n yemdanen, ad tt-naf dɣa s waṭas di ¨Ttuṛk, anda ay llan 4 n yimelyunen n medden ay tt-yettmeslayen, deg ugafa n Lɛiṛaq, di Surya tt-ttmeslayen 500.000 n medden, di Arminya (100.000 n yemsiwlen) akk d di Iran (100.000). Llan diɣ wid yettmeslayen takurdit takurmanjit di Jurjya akk d Azerbijan, maca ur neẓri ara acḥal, am wakken ay llant diɣ trebbaɛ timecṭaḥ n Yikurdiyen ay izedɣen di tmura tiberr'aniyen (azal n 70.000 s ujemmal), ladɣa di Lubnan akk d Turuft, deg Yiwunak Yedduklen (USA) akk d Kanada.
Wid yettmeslayen takurdit tasuranit wwḍen ɣer 6 n yimelyunen s ujemmal, ma d wid yettmeslayen takurdit takurmanjit wwḍen ɣer wazal n 7 n yimelyunen, xas ma yella llan kra ay d-yeqqaren d akken wwḍen alammi d 20 n yimelyunen. Yuɣ lḥal, maci merr'a Ikurdiyen yellan ass-a d wid ay yessnen ad mmeslayen tutlayt-nsen imi tamsertit (assimilation) tessaweḍ aṭas seg-sen ad ǧǧen takurdit, yernu llan ula d imdanen yettmeslayen tutlayin nniḍen, am tguranit neɣ tadimlit (d tutlayin tihendurufiyin ay yettemcabin wagar-asent, maca mgerradent ɣef tkurdit), yernu ḥesben iman-nsen d Ikurdiyen, d aya ay yettaran tikwal leḥsabat weɛren.
Addad amaruz
Addad ilelli> “a“; addad amaruz>“u“) Amaziɣ> umaziɣ; mmi-s umaziɣ. Amergu>umergu; yerqem umergu-nni. Amezruy>umezru; isem-is yura deg umezruy. Amadaɣ>umadaɣ; yerɣa umadaɣ. Tamawt: Asget-nsen yettɣimi akken ur yettbeddil ara talɣa “I”>”I”: Imaziɣen, imerga, imezruyen, imudaɣ. Addad ilelli : “imerga”; addad amaruz: “lferg imerga”. Unti-nsen yettili-d s uɣelluy n teɣri “I”: Addad ilelli: “tamaziɣt”, addad amaruz: “tira n tmaziɣt”.
Takurdit
Tawacult-is
Takurdit d tutlayt tahendurufit,tettekka deg ufurk n tutlayin tiraniyin, yernu yiwet si ger n tutlayin ay tt-icuban s waṭas d tafarsit ay yellan d tutlayt taɣelnawt n Iran, akk d tabalucit, tutlayt n Balucistan.