cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Timsennent
Timsennent neɣ Timerqemt (Assaɣ usnan: Carduelis carduelis) d talmest meẓẓiyen n yigṭaṭ yeṭṭafaren twacult n tbenferriwin, Yettidir seg Uruppa n umalu ar Sibirya u seg Tafriqt n ugafa ar Asya talemmast yerna yettusekcem ar waṭas n yidgan deg tegnit am Ustralya d tmura n Temrikt n Wenẓul, Tettusismel deg Tiddukla tagreɣlant i taggaẓt n tgama d akken-it d talmest ur tettwaggez.
Učči
Deg wučči-ynes tegguni ɣef yifsan n yimɣan imegziyen am yifsan n ubsis d isennanen d kra n igumma
Aglam
thumb|250px|[[Awtem (s deffir) d tewtemt (ar zdat) bedden deg ujeǧǧig n urek akken yella wemgarad deg tizweɣt n wenyir gar-asen]]
Addud n Timsennent d win igan gar n 12 ar 13 cm, Afriwen-is mara ldin ttilin gar n 21 ar 25 cm, azuk-is gar n 14 ar 19 g, Timsennent d aylan iẓlin (icebḥen) s waṭas, udem-is d azeggaɣ s uqerru d aberkan. S sin n wafriwen d iberkanen yal yiwen dges azawag d awraɣ
Tamezduɣt
Timsennent tettidir deg yiger, anda llan yimɣan yerxan am ucikaw d ubsis, Tra (Tḥemmel) daɣen ifergen n urtiyen d yiran n iberdan d tregwa n waman.
Anekraf
Adrilal neɣ Anekraf (Assaɣ ussnan: Astragalus) d yiwet n tewsit n yimɣan yeṭṭafaren tawacult n tibiwt, tawsit-a tegber seg wazal n 2500 n telmas.
Timsennent
Tikli
Timsennenin ttidiren-t eg tegrawin, ttafgent akken, ttrusunt akken. Anda yella ubsis dlant fell-as. D tifregtin daɣen i ttinigent, seg temnaṭ ɣer tayeṭṭ. Ttɣimint akked alama d tafsut. Imir ad bṭunt d tiyuga. Yal awtem d tewtemt ad ddukklen deg sin akken ad sefrurxen. D tawtemt i ibennun agdef. Ma awtem izegg-as-d kan i lmendad, yettarra amihi fell-as. Melmi i frurxent tmellalin i sin yid-sen seččayen ifrax-nsen.
Anekraf
Imniren
Taggayt:Imɣan Taggayt:Anekraf Taggayt:Tiwsitin n yimɣan Taggayt:Imɣan isnajyanen
Timsennent
Asefrurex
Seg tazwara n unebdu tawtemt tbennu igedfen ɣef useklu. Tetteg-itt d tameẓẓyant. Teggar-itt s wadal n waman d yimɣan, usu-ynes d afraw neɣ d taduṭṭ n wulli. Tessrusay gar n 4 ar 5 n timellalin tzeddel fellasen-t gar n 12 ar 14 n wussan. Ad teqqim akken alama tfukk tallit nni. Kra tekka dinna. Deg tallit nni d awtem id yettawin učči.
Agaman (agṭiṭ)
Agaman (Assaɣ ussnan: Cinclus cinclus) d talmest n yigṭaṭ yeṭṭafaren tawacult n tgamanin. Initen n wafriwen-is gan d imellalen yakk d warasen, ma d tiddi-ines d tin yegdan tiddi n useqsaq. Talmest-a d tin yettidiren deg yideggan yudsen ɣer yisafen d iɣeẓran deg Uruppa d Asya d Tferka tagafant.
Timsennent
Tiski
Aggaz d usmun
Agaman (agṭiṭ)
Aglam
Ini n ugaman iga d aras amsulles yakk d umellal deg yiri-ines yakk d yidmaren-is, ma d iṭarren-is gan d izunɣiden bberbcen s uberkan. Tiddi-ines tettawaṭ ɣer 18 cm.
Timsennent
Tiski
Timreqmin, teddunt ad negrent. Zik-nni ggtent deg laxla; ass-a, jlant gar wallen. Tteggiden-tent medden; ggaren-tent deg laqfus i ccbaḥa. Deg ssuq n yefrax, d timreqemt akk i yeɣlayen gar yifrax. Rnu daɣen, anekcum n wakal iburen i yettuɣalen d timizart n tfellaḥt neɣ d adda i usali n tudrin d yiɣerman swaɣayen tudert n tmerqemt.
Ass-a, ccetla tettwaḥrez, tanduyt tettwagdel. Maca, iseggaden ttkemmilen ahdum-nsen, ɣas barra i usaḍuf i ggaren aḍar. Ar melmi ?
Agaman (agṭiṭ)
Amyaraw
Agdef n ugaman yettili zdat n wanan neɣ s agensu n ifexsi n weẓru. Ibennu-t-id s wadal d yiferran n isekla n tayda d tasaft. Sin akin tawtemt tessrusay seg 3 alamma d 6 n tmellalin deg wayyur n meɣres alamma d mayyu
Timsennent
Taɣbalut
Adlis n tmaziɣt n useggas wis 3 n ulmud alemmas n tmurt n Lezzayer (sb 66-67)
Agaman (agṭiṭ)
Ẓeṛ daɣen
Taggayt:Iɣersiwen Taggayt:igṭaṭ
Argal n terga n Swis deg 2021
Argal n terga n Swis deg 2021 d abdad (aḥbas) n usilel awlal di targa n Swis yellan deg ugafa asemran n Miẓra s usrag (sebba) n tedyant n kennu n uɣerrabu n inegbaren Ever Given deg wass n 23 meɣres 2021, seld mi i d-ttemken yiwet n tzekka n yijdi ijehden s wazal n 50 km/ts ayen i d-yeglan s kennu n uɣerrabu d umili n tɣessa-ines sin akin tessutel (tettwaḥṣer) gar n yirawen n terga.
Annect-a yakk igla-d s wergal n terga n Swis d webdad n usilel awlal. Deg wass n 25 meɣres 2021 ileɣt-d udabu n terga n Swis asiggel n umussu n usilel s imara ad fakken yimahilen n userdeb n uɣerrabu n Ever Given. Ma deg wass n 29 meɣres 2021 yenwawel-d uɣerrabu seld mi ssawḍen ad t-id-sredben.
Imniren
Taggayt:Tidyanin n meɣres 2021 Taggayt:Targa n Swis Taggayt:Tidyanin tiwlalin
Tadast
Tadast (Assaɣ ussnan: Culicidae) d tawacult n yibureɣsen yeṭṭafaten tafesna n tasenfriwin, Dɣa d tiwetmin n tafast iy tsummun idammen n wemdan akken i tga d yiwen seg ibureɣsen inesnasen (itsummun idammen) yellan s tuget yakk deg umadal. Anecta yettaǧǧa-tt ad tessawaṭ aṭas n telmas n waṭṭanen am umalarya. Awtem n tadast d win i d-itekksen učči-ines seg wemɣus yakk d uselɣaɣ n yimɣan ma d tawtemt tettsummu idammen acku gan d imsefkiyen i tuwwit n tmellalin-is
thumb|250px|
Asesmel
Llant ugar n 3000 n telmas n tadasin yeṭṭafaren azal n 35 n tewsitin. Dɣa tawacult n tadast bṭant ɣer snat n wadu-twaculin:
Ẓeṛ daɣen
Taggayt:ibureɣsen Taggayt:Tisnefriwin Taggayt:Tifesniwin n ibureɣsen Taggayt:Tasenfriwin
Garches
Taggayt:Timdinin n Fransa
Axilwan
Tiwlafin
thumb|Sambucus nigra - Axilwan thumb|Sambucus nigra - Axilwan
Ẓeṛ daɣen
Taggayt:Imɣan Taggayt:Isemlel
Tiwelhiwin
Taggayt:Imɣan
Asnay
Asnay d agi n tɣawsa deg yideg (amkan) amazgay
Azref n Veto
Azref n Veto neɣ Azref n tsentilt d azref n tsentilt ɣef yal aɣtas id yettak useqqamu n tɣellist n agreɣlan war ma yessedfer-d isragen (ssebat) fell-as, Azrefa-a yettunefk i 5 n yigmamen imeɣlalen deg useqqamu n tɣellist agreɣlan. Igmamen-a gan d: Awal n VETO ur d-yettubder ara deg werkawal n Yeɣlanen Yeddukklen maca yettubder-d Azref n tsentilt, Dɣa anamek-is n tidet iga d azref n weɣṛay n weɣtas mači kan d tasentilt acku ma yessentel yiwen n ugmam neɣ yeffeɣ mgal kra n weɣtas ad yili icaṭ fell-as i wakken ad yettwikkes weɣtas-nni yerna ur izerri ara yakk ɣas ma yella yettwaddeg (yettwaqbel) sɣur n 14 n igmamen niden (igan d Igmamen imiranen)
Asemres n wezref n Veto
thumb|Amdan n tikkal anda issmersen iwunak imeɣlalen n tegmemt azref n Veto deg useqqamu n tɣellist agreɣlan
Seg wass mi id t-nnulfa Tuddsa n Yeɣlanen Yeddukklen deg useggas n 1945 ittusemres (ittusexdem) wezref n Veto azal n 257 n tikkal: (Tiddukla n Suvyit d tmekkasut-s Rusya 123 n tikkal, Iwunak Yeddukklen n Temrikt 76 n tikkal, Tagelda Yeddukklen 32 n tikkal, Fṛansa 18 n tikkal, Ccinwa 8 n tikkal
Udmi
Udmi  (isem usnan: Petrorhagia) d tawsit n yemɣan yeṭṭafaren tawacult n twinasin, yettemɣay-d deg umda agraklan.
Asnazduɣ
Asnazduɣ (Dioecy) d yiwet n tmeskant seg tmeskanin n telmas, irem-a yemmal-d tilin n ugmam d awtem d wegmam d tawtemt seg yimuddiren, neɣ yella s talɣa n tehras (yiwet n tehrest tegber seg yiwen n wuzuf kan, ya d awtem neɣ d tawtemt), ttemyarawen s warruw i d-yekkan seg yimawlan.
Amedya ɣef yimɣan isnazduɣen d tidekt, arereǧ, ijj yakk d tezdayt.
Ẓeṛ daɣen
Taggayt:Uzuf Taggayt:imɣan isnazduɣen Taggayt:Anagraw alsuffɣan Taggayt:Talsuffɣa tazufant Taggayt:Tasensileɣt tamɣawt Taggayt:Tasnimɣan
Učči
thumb|250px|[[Tuzart d ujenwi ttusxedmen d azamul i weskan n tmeččit]]
Učči d yal imečči ilan (yesɛan) imseččayen s tesmektiwin timazgayin i tusriwin n tfekka six (ɛla ḥsab) n waddar d Talmest n wermud-is
Amtiweg anamur
thumb|upright|4 n yimtiwgen inamuren n [[udus anafuk|unagraw anafuk: (Aziweɣ, Tatrit, Tagnit yakk d Mezweɣ).]] Amtiweg anamur neɣ Amtiweg akalan, s tenmegla n umtiweg n ugaz, iga d amtiweg igebren s talɣa tagejdant seg yiẓra d yimɣuzen, talmest n yimtiwegen-a tesger s umata seg 3 n tissiwin tulmisin (Aɣwaw, Azennar yakk d yiclem). Tajumma-ines teqqur yerna tegber talɣa tagejdant seg tnegwa ur nettafeg, amedya: iẓra n Silikat d wuzzal amɣuzan. Ihi, tineẓẓi-ines d tin yeflalen and tessawaṭ seg 4 alamma d 5,7.
Deg unagraw anafuk, imtiwgen inamuren d 4 n yimtiwgen igensawen i d-izgan gar n tfukt d ubaggus n izunyuren (Aziweɣ, Tatrit, Tagnit, Mezweɣ, Ayyur yakk d Io igan d ayyur amenzu n yebter ilan taɣessa yettemcabin, ihi yella wamek ara ad ttumeggzen d inamuren), imtiwgen inamuren d wid meẓẓiyen s waṭas ɣef imtiwgen n ugaz, maca tineẓẓi-nsen d tin i d-ten-yugaren acku gebren seg wuzzal d Silikat.
Ẓeṛ daɣen
Taggayt:Tasnallunt Taggayt:Tilmas n yimtiwgen Taggayt:Imtiwgen inamuren
Addad (imɣi)
Addad neɣ Akicaw (Assaɣ ussnan: Carlina) d tawsit n imɣan yeṭṭafaren tawacult n tetrit deg tfesna n tetriyyin. Deg tewsit-a llant gar n 40 ar 50 n telmas id yettemɣayen deg wemda n yilel agrakal d usamer alemmas maca llant telmas n iden id yettemɣayen deg tamiwin n iden
Umuɣ n telmas
thumb|Fleurs de Carlina gummifera - Addad neɣ Tabuneqqart
Ẓeṛ daɣen
Taggayt:Imɣan Taggayt:Tiwsitin n yimɣan [[Taggayt:Titriyyin
Tiwelhiwin
Taggayt:Imɣan Taggayt:Tiwsitin n twacult n tetrawin Tiwsitin n yimɣan
Gennevilliers
Gennevilliers d tamdint n Fransa. D tamaneɣt n agezdu (département) n Hauts-de-Seine. Zedɣen-tt 44,551 n yimezdaɣen.
Taggayt:Timdinin n Fransa
Tiznefriwin
Tiznefriwin (Assaɣ ussnan: Hemiptera) d tafesna n ibureɣsen yeṭṭafaren adur n teswermin. Tafesna ayi tegber seg wazal n 50.000 ɣer 80.000 n telmas n iwerǧeǧǧiyen d igulafen d tifulguruyin d timnegzafriwin d tid niden. Ableɣ n telmas-is d win igan gar n 1 mm alamma d 15 cm.
Imniren
Taggayt:Tifesniwin n ibureɣsen Taggayt:Tiznefriwin
Targa n Swis
Tikti n usnulfu n terga-ayi tebda-d deg useggas n 1798 ass mi i d-yebda usizzel n Fṛansa ɣef Miẓra, sin akin yekta (ixemmem) Napoléon Bonaparte ad iɣez targa, maca asurif-a ur yessaweḍ ara ad yili. Deg useggas n 1854, yessaweḍ Ferdinand de Lesseps ad yessenẓ (ad iqenneɛ) Muḥammad Saɛid s usenfar-a
Ẓeṛ daɣen
Taggayt:Ilel azeggaɣ Taggayt:Tadamsa n Miẓra Taggayt:Targa n Swis Taggayt:Tiregwa
Aydi
Aydi neɣ Aqjun (Assaɣ ussnan: Canis lupus familiaris) d aɣersiw asuṭad yeṭṭafaren tawacult n taydiyyin, yettwagred send n 14000 ar 150000 n iseggasen seg weɣsi, tettwassen s tekdit ɣef wanecta is-qqaren Amekdi ma d aẓaṛ n wawal AYDI yekka-d seg wawal Yidi, Llant waṭas n tdefrin n iṭan yal yiwet s twuri-ynes am: uṭarus, Aydi n ulma, Aydi n tkessawt, Aydi n tugguẓt, Aydi n temsulta.
Amezruy
Aydi d aɣersiw amezwaru yakk iy ssegred ufgan seg yiɣas id ibanen send n 60 n imelyan n iseggasen, Aydi yedder d ufgan ugar n 14000 n iseggasen id yekkan seg tedfert n iɣas i yellan tt-calin deg tẓegwa d ilmayen n Turuft d Asya d Marikan n ugafa i wakken ad tt-unag (ad tt-nadi) ɣef wučči-ynes, ma d tura llant waṭas n tdefrin n yiṭan, Dɣa aṭas n tɣessiwin id ufan imusnawen deg Danmaṛk d Legliz d Lalman d Spanya d Kurya d tmura n iden ttuɣalen-t i tallit n uzarmezruy, Uccen yella tettwassen ar imiẓranen imziken akken i llan xeddmen-d isebdad n ufgan s uqerruy n wuccen.
Amyaraw
Tawtemt n uydi tettawaṭ ar wakud n tarrawt seg wayyur wis 8 n waddar-is, Tadist tettaṭaf seg 56 ar 72 n wussan.
Ẓeṛ daɣen
Taggayt:Timseksumin
Tasenfriwin
Tasnefriwin (Assaɣ ussnan: Diptera) d asmil n ibureɣsen yeṭṭafaren adur n teswermin. Tafesna ayi d tin igebren seg waṭas n telmas n ibureɣsen Ilan (isɛan) sin n wafriwen deg yidmaren-nsen ilemmasen d sin n wadfaren n tamneknit i d-izgan deg taggara n yidmaren.
Dɣa, tilin n tyuga n wafriwen d ayen i d-ittizellmen (i d-tittmeyyizen) ɣef yibureɣsen niden, yerna kra n telmas n tesnefriwin yuɣal wafriw ɣur-sent d asennaw aladɣa ɣer kra n telmas n n yizan iherrsen imecdalen (ixxamen) n yibureɣsen niden. Tasnefriwin d tafesna meqqren s waṭas anda tegber seg wazal 240.000 n telmas n tadasin d tizit d yizan d telmas niden. Ɣas akken tasnefriwin d tid Ilan azal meqqren i wemdan d twennaṭ maca anagar azgen neɣ ddaw n wezgen Kan n telmas-is i d-yettwasenmlen sɣur n imusnawen ar tura (ayen yegdan 120.000 n telmas).
Asesmel
S umata, llant snat n tdu-tfesniwin yettwassnen deg tesnefriwin:
Imniren
Taggayt:Tisenfriwin Taggayt:Ibureɣsen deg yidles
Aṭlas anewrir
Aṭlas anewrir d azrar amsedrar id yezgan deg ugafa n Lezzayer (ugar n 90% n) maca yedda s imik (cwiya) ar ugafa agmudan n umeṛṛuk yakk d usamar n Tunes, Dɣa tilisa n weṭlas anewrir ullsen-t-id idurar n Arrif seg umalu, Tazrart-a dges aṭas n tqacucin yemnummsen deg teflel, Taqacuct yeflalen akk gar-asent d isek n yemma xliǧa id yezgan deg tezrart n Ǧerǧer deg Tmurt n Iqbayliyen s teflel n 2308 m, sin akin yeṭṭafar-it wedrar n Babur s teflel n 2004 m
Tasedmirt tagmant
Tasedmirt tagmant d tisedmirin tikruranin dgi timsedmirin-is d ifariwen-is d uddisen igmanen, takrura tagmant tagejdant tla tisedmirin tifrarin am tasedmirt n twaksa, tsedmirt n tmerniwt, tasedmirt n usemselsi akk d tasedmirt n ulsasnay, Ma deg tseddast tagmant ttwasxedment tisedmirin tigmanin d tukrisin i tsuddest n uddisen igmanen.
Aṭlas anewrir
Umuɣ n idurar
Deg tmurt n Iqbayliyen:
Tasedmirt tagmant
Tasedmirt tamzikt (taqdimt) deg tasedmirt tigmanin d tasedmirt n tmeṛɣiwt n imerɣi agran d tsedmirt n tissiredt (saponification) i tmugri n tserradin
Aṭlas anewrir
Tarakalt
Aṭlas anewrir d azrar id yezgan ɣef yili n yilel agrakal s teɣzi n 1500 km
Ẓeṛ daɣen
Taggayt:Idurar n waṭlas Taggayt:Tizrarin timsedrarin Taggayt:Tizrarin timsedrarin n Lezzayer Taggayt:Tizrarin timsedrarin n tmurt n Yiqbayliyen
Issy-les-Moulineaux
Issy-les-Moulineaux d tamdint n Fransa. D tamaneɣt n agezdu (département) n Hauts-de-Seine. Zedɣen-tt 68,395 n yimezdaɣen.
Taggayt:Timdinin n Fransa
Tawurta n Spanya
Aglam
Am twurtiwin yakk, Tawurta n Spanya tezzi-yas-d tezrart n ucebbub ɣef yiri-ynes Yettazen gar n 9 ar 13 kg dɣa d iwetmen i yugaren Tiwetmin s umata, Teɣzi ynes tga gar n 85 cm ar 110 cm (d usallaf gar n 11 ar 14 cm) ma d addud-is ar tuyat gar n 42 ar 47 cm
Amyaraw
Tettarew tewtemt deg wayyur n Yebrir seld n 63 ar 68 n wussan n tadist, tezmer ad teddem deg idis-is yar n yiwen n wammuc ar 5
Afelcu
Afelcu (Assaɣ ussnan: Phalacrocorax) d yiwet n tewsit n yigṭaṭ yeṭṭafaren tawacult n ifelcuyen deg wesmil n tiycukiyin.
S ugani ɣef usismel ussnan, tawsit-a ad tili tegber seg 20 neɣ 40 n telmas. Ma d imgaraden ttmersen deg tewsit n Microcarbo d Leucocarbo.
Ẓeṛ daɣen
Taggayt:Tiwsitin n yigṭaṭ Taggayt:Tiwsitin n iɣersiwen Taggayt:Iɣersiwen Taggayt:ifelcuyen Taggayt:Afelcu Taggayt:igṭaṭ Taggayt:Igḍad n waman
Ilemẓiyen
Ilemẓiyn (Asuf: Ilemẓi, Asuf Unti: Tilemẓit) d irem yeqqnen ar tallit tadarant yeččuren d tadusi akk d tezmert gar n yakk talliyin n waddar d acu kan tallit-a temgarad gar umuddir d wayeṭ
Adafal
Adafal neɣ Tasuflalt (Assaɣ ussnan: Hedera) d tawsit n yimɣan izagiren (n lexla) neɣ yettwaẓẓun i wedlag, Dɣa talmest yettwassnen yakk tga d adafal imcebbeb.
Ilemẓiyen
Inumaẓ n ilmeẓyen
Tallit n temẓi d tallit ilan (yesɛan) azal deg tudert n ufgan d umudir s umata
Adafal
Tilmas tigejdanin
Tilmas tigejdanin gant d:
Tilmas
thumb|Hedera helix - Adafal thumb|Hedera helix - Adafal
Tiwelhiwin
Taggayt:Tiwsitin n yimɣan Taggayt:Imɣan Taggayt:imɣan n wedlag
Arkawal n Yeɣlanen Yeddukklen
Yettwazmel (yettwastenyi) Werkawal n Yeɣlanen Yeddukklen deg wass n 26 yunyu 1945 di temdint n San Francisco deg tegrayt n umedru n Yeɣlanen Yeddukklen ɣef unagraw n tsudut tagreɣlan, yuɣal d ulkim deg wass n 24 tuber 1945. anagraw agejdan n tsenbert n teɣdemt tagreɣlant d amur asemmad i werkawal-a
Deg wass n 17 dujamber 1963, Agraw Amatu n Yeɣlanen Yeddukklen yegguni asegged d iɣewwaṛen yettuskecmen ɣef yimagraden 23 d 27 d 61 n werkawal i yuɣalen d ulkimen deg 31 ɣuct 1965. Akken id tegguni deg wass n 20 dujamber 1965 ɣef iɣewwaren yettuskecmen ɣef umagrad 109 yuɣalen d ulkim deg 12 yunyu 1968
Asrgged n umagrad wis 23 d win i d-iɣtsen s tmerniwt wuṭṭun n yigmamen n useqqamu n tɣellist seg mraw d yiwen (11) n yigmamen ar mraw smmus (15) n yigmamen
Ẓeṛ daɣen
Taggayt:Irkawalen d imsisan n Yeɣlanen Yeddukklen Taggayt:Asaduf agreɣlan Taggayt:Arkawal n Yeɣlanen Yeddukklen Taggayt:irkawalen isertayen Taggayt:Tasertit
Tawurta n Urasya
Tawurta n Urasya (Assaɣ ussnan: Lynx lynx) d aserɣud amnummes n ubleɣ yeṭṭafaren tawsit n twurta, yettidir deg tẓegwa n Uruppa d Asya d Sibirya, anda yga d anegmar agejdan Tawurta n Urasya d netta yakk i d talmest tameqqṛant n twurtiwin acku teɣzi-ynes tettawaṭ seg 80 ar 130 cm
Tidefrin
Llan-t 5 n tdefrin n twurtiwin n urasya yettwassenen
Ammas (asemmili)
Ammas d amur-nni deg wadis yellan gar n isekni ademraw d taɣma. Ammas deg tfekka n wemdan iga d amur ikruzen (ḍeyyiqen) yakk deg ugiger adɣa ɣer twetmin
Imniren
Taggayt:Adis Taggayt:Tafekka talsant Taggayt:Asemmili n ufgan
Ajenwi
thumb|250px|Adduden yemgaraden n ijenwiyen
Ajenwi neɣ Tuzzalt d afecku yettusxedmen i wegzam n weksum neɣ i zellu n iɣersiwen neɣ i wmennuɣ d westan ɣef yiman, Dɣa ijenwiyen ttuxdamen-d seg kra n yemɣuzen am wezzal d unfed d ufus s wesɣaṛ
Aẓaṛ n wawal
Yettuɣal uẓar n wawal n Ajenwi ar Tlatint imi awal-a yekka-d seg yisem n yiwet n temdint isem-is Genova, Maca deg tutlayt Tamaziɣt llan waṭas n yismawen i wjenwi am: Tuzzalt, Tafrut, Asemmahed
La Garenne-Colombes
La Garenne-Colombes d tamdint n Fransa. D tamaneɣt n agezdu (département) n Hauts-de-Seine. Zedɣen-tt 29,248 n yimezdaɣen.
Taggayt:Timdinin n Fransa
Tafsut n Yimaziɣen
Ass n 20 ibrir, d amulli n tefsut amaziɣ, amulli n tefsut n tlelli. D yiwen wass i deg a nesfugel i tikkelt tis 25 tadyant n imaziɣen. Anwa-t weqbayli ur nesli neɣ ur nessin tafsut n imaziɣen ? Anwa-t umaziɣ im’ ur yiwiḍ yissel? Wa yecfa wa ala akken it-iccenu Abranis deg yiwet si tezlatin-is maca, tura, seg weqrur-nni ameẓyan alma d amɣar-nni acaraf, ssnen akk anamek-is uzemz-a*. Azekka daɣen, a nemyager akk d yiman-neɣ, akk d weḥric-a axatar deg umezruy azi* n Tferka n ugafa.
Idim mazal tuɣ yeḥma ass mi yeţwakkes usarag n (Dda lmulud) Mulud At Mɛammer af tmedyazt taqburt n yeqbayliyen(asarag-a tuɣ teţţuhega-n i wass n 10 meɣres), yugi-ţ udabu azzayri, teţwakkes kan akka...d amnukal n ugerzu n Tizi-Wezzu s yiman-is i s-ţ-yennan i dda Lmulud. Si tal tama, di yal adrum, bdan medden ţţarran nnehtat si cayaḍ i sen-iserkeb udabu azzayri, bdan ţţiwzagen waman...aseqqi yemmar-ed akken yerɣa. Meḥyaf-nni i isik Bu-iledyen af yeqbayliyen yezzi-d af bab-is, tefɣ-ed tiɣri n wid yugin ddel d uzaglu. Dɣa tetṭerḍeq af tikkelt, temmar-ed af yiwin yidis. Krim Belqasem d yiwen seg yiḍan n “El-Moudjahed“ i s-d-itekkan i dda lmulud, s rregmat akk d useglef; ira ad yefk iɣil i wat-is: wid-nni iɣ-d-imedlen tiwwura, wid-nni iţţarrayin af wegdud. Tamesbanit tamenzut i d-yellan di Tizi-Wezzu d tin n 11 meɣres 1980, tsembiwel addad(liḥala) n timiren. D inelmaden d tinelmadin n Taseddawit Asif Ɛisi d Iḥesnawen i yetṭfen tuɣḍaṭ-a, ur ẓẓrin ara kan dacu i yellan yegguni-ten …
Aɣaram asdawan n wasif ɛisi, mazal-it ar ass-a i wakken a d-yesmekti wid yeţţun, akken a ten-d-yeḥku af yiḍ-nni n 19 yebrir1980 mi d-mkuben iserdasen s yeqjan. D ahmaj i hemjen deg inelmaden d tnelmadin. Acḥal iwin ar lḥebs, acḥal ɛedmen ger-asen... A nekk seg wayaki mebla ma neţţu awk imeɣnasen i s-yefkan udem azedgan i wayen i d-yeḍran. Ur ntekk ara kan akka ma yella ur d-nudir irgazen am Ɛebbuṭ, Lunawsi, Mezdad, Saɛdi, Ferḥat Mhenni, Zituni... d yawk arrac imaziɣen i iseblen iman-nsen i wakken tadyant n 20 Yebrir a ţ-aweḍ ar tal taddart di tmurt n Yeqbayliyen. Aseggas yezzi af waya, si tama n Bgayet iɣ-d-tekka taɣrit n Imaziɣen tikkelt-a...Tafsut n 1981 Ilmeẓyen d telmeẓyin n din ččan aḥlalas n udabu azzayri, awal nsen yiwen: werǧin ad teḥlelli-d tugduţ i yeqbayliyen
Seg wass-nni, Iqbayliyen fkan awal, ggulen dakken tineţţi nsen ur tnegger u s deffir-sen ḍefren-d imaziɣen s umata. Ulayɣer a nesṭuqet awal, d timuggiyin i asenfar nneɣ. Imal n yeqbayliyen atan di tmurt nsen, iẓuran-nsen ɣzan almi anda yiwen ur yessin…Imal n tutlayt nsen atan ger tarwa-s, atan di tmurt-is, deg urebbi n warraw-is. Talalit n Amussu Adelsan Amaziɣ s tumert medden ay ţ-muggren, ass-nni i yebda umennuɣ af yidles d tutlayt nneɣ yeţţali yeţnerni almi ass-a, ulac win ur nessin xas ula cwiyya n umezruy nneɣ. Tafat iɣ-d-isiɣ Umussu d ajgagal s wiyes nerfreẓ abrid deg wi’ nteddu, nerfed aqerru nneɣ ar igenwan mebla akukru. Ula ma xas ass-a, Amussu yebḍa d icḥricen seg mi kkan ikabaren nnig-es, iswi-s amenzu n win n widak icḥemlen ayla nsen, akal nsen...
Azekka d amulli n wass mi d-tefrari tagut af wid iran seg wul tugduţ d yetṭfen deg iẓuran nsen…amennuɣ simmal irennu, agdud simmal yeţţaki. Ad rnuɣ af wayaki, amennuɣ n imeɣnasen s yimru, tamedyazt d ccna.
Maɛṭub Lwennas seg imezwura i sen-yerran tajmilt i tlawin d yergazen n tefsut imaziɣen, tasfift i d-yessufeɣ kra n wayyuren kann s deffir 20 yebrir anda icennu:
Eḥzen Lwad Ɛisi Mi yebda imenɣi Yewweḍ-iten Lɛesker deg Yiḍ Tuddar slant irkwelli, suwwent ɣer Tizi Kul abrid a yeţfeggiḍ Ur telli d tisselbi, nehwaǧ tilleli, Uqbel aɣ-ḥerren ɣer lhid. Akken nella zik a nili, Ma yella imenɣi, Wi’ mmuten ad yennerni mmi-s. A wid iḥekmen ayenni, ur nelli d ulli, Tamurt iban-d lsas-is. Tamaziɣt ad tennerni …
Ferḥat Mhenni, yeccna tafsut imaziɣen:
Izri amellal
Izri amellal (yettwasnen s Cciḥ), (isem usnan: Artemisa herba alba)
Tafsut n Yimaziɣen
Nnif d lḥerma dayen yeḍran Di tefsut n Tizi Wezzu Llan d ilemẓyen d tlemẓyin fɣan-d s iberdan. Nnan-d ala dayen neɛya Si lbaṭel akk d uzaglu ...
Izri amellal
thumb|Cciḥ - Artemisia herba-alba
Tafsut n Yimaziɣen
Neɣ ayen yeccna Buǧemɛa Agraw :
Timest n 54 tensa di 62 Teggra-d tirgit deg iɣed-nni Tuɣal tecɛel di 80 Tetṭef-iţ-id tideţ n lesnin Ansi i d-isuḍ ubeḥri D leqbayel i izuggiren Mazal-aɣ d imaziɣen … Ma ţţuɣ arrac nneɣ yeɣlin, Nekk mačči d aqbayli
Tameččit
thumb|Tameččit
Tafsut n Yimaziɣen
Lwennas d dda Lmulud Mazal-aɣ d imaziɣen Ur neţr’uz ur nkennu Ur nqebbel ara azaglu Mazal-aɣ…mazal-aɣ d imaziɣen ...
Tameččit
Tameččit d ideg dgi id yettwafek učči d tissit i yemsaɣen dɣa timeččitin ttilin-t s waṭas deg yirawen n iberdan i wakken imsebriden ad zemren ad beddeden w ad sgunfun
Tafsut n Yimaziɣen
Amezruy n Tefsut n Yimaziɣen : D acu yeḍran ?
[Tafsut n 1980 deg Tmurt n Leqbayel d tin ay ikecmen deg umezruy (ttarix) n tmaziɣt d win n Ldzayer akk-n ma tella. Deg wussan-nni, ḍrant aṭas n tɣawsiwin s tghawla, d tid ay yuraren ddurh d ameqqran deg tikli i lmend n wakkaz s tmazight deg tmurt-is. Yelha ma nessawel-d ghef way-n yedhran deg Tefsut-nni akk-n ad nefhem xir tidyanin-a. Adhris-a ay d-nuwey d tukkist (extrait) seg "Weghmis n Tedyanin n Tmurt n Leqbayel" ay yura Racid Caker deg tallit-nni u yeffeɣ-d deg tesɣunt (revue) n "Les Temps Modernes" (uṭṭunen 432-433, Yunyu-Ɣuct 1982), akk d tesɣunt Tafsut.]
Ass n lḥedd, 9 Meɣres 1980 : Tasdawit n Tizi Wezzu tella tesaa imir-n sin n yiseggasen d wezgen seg wasmi ay tettwaldi yernu yufa-d lḥal yagi tga tlata yisundilen (grèves) imeqranen, aneggaru deg-sen d win ay d-yellan deg gar 17 Tubeṛ d 13 Nwembeṛ 1979. Asunded-nni gan-t ɣef wugur n ugenses idetti (représentation authentique) n yinelmaden sdaxel n tesdawit. Akabar n Tirni n Weslelli Aɣelnaw (FLN) yella la d-yeqqar dakk-n inelmaden ara yesseḥṛasen akk-n ad gen isundilen-a d "imesmaziɣen" (berbéristes) neɣ d imaṛksiyen imaziɣen (u llan qqaren-asen "Bougiots").
Seg yimir-n, iselmaden ay llan ttwalin-ten d imarksiyen, llan ur ten-ttaznen ara ɣer Tizi Wezzu, wanag ttaznen-ten ɣer tesdawit n Sṭif. Ma d iselmaden idzayriyen ay yeghran deg Fransa llan ttqaraaen-ten u tikkwal ssagaden-ten. Yagi, deg way-n iaaddan, adtas n tikkal ur jjin ara ad d-ilint tmeskanin tidelsanin (manifestations culturelles) tidelsanin timaziɣin deg Tizi Wezzu. Ur jjin ara At Mengellat neɣ Yidir ad cnun, gedlen tamezgunt (pièce de théâtre) n "2000 n yiseggasen n Ṭradh" ay llan tturaren-tt-id s teqbaylit.
Kra n wussan uqbel ma yusa-d Mouloud Mammeri ɣer tesdawit n Tizi Wezzu akk-n ad d-yeg asarag-is, sneṭḍen yinelmaden inazalen (affiches) deg yiɣerban akk-n ad d-xebbren ɣef way-a. Anemhal n tesdawit (recteur), ɣas ma yella ur as-yeɛjib ara lḥal, yeqbel ad d-yili usarag-nni imi d aseqqamu (comité) n uɣaram (cité) n Asif Aɛisi ay d-yelhan s tigin n usarag-a yernu aseqqamu-a testeɛṛef yes-s tedbelt (administration). D acu kan, aṭas n yinazalen ay d-yettwasɣersen. Deg yiḍ n wass n lḥedd d letniyen (ɣef ttnac n yiḍ), yeɣra-as-d yiwen i Mouloud Mammeri, yenna-as dakk-n d netta ay d anemhal n tesdawit n Tizi Wezzu u yenna-as dakk-n asarag-nni-ines yebṭel.
Ass n letniyen 10 Meɣres 1980 Azekka-nni taṣ̣ebḥit, Mouloud Mammeri yesteqsa, u d Mass Arab, anemhal (directeur) n tesdawit n Tizi Wezzu s timmad-is ay as-yennan dakk-n maci d netta ay as-d-yeɣran yernu asarag-ines ur yettwamneɛ, ur yettuwexxer. Ɣef tizi n ttnac n wass, Mouloud Mammeri yeqleɛ seg Ldzayer, yedda id-s Salem Caker d yiwen n unehhaṛ iqeddcen deg CRAPE, la tteddun ɣer Tizi Wezzu. Mi uwḍen ɣer Dreɛ Ben Xedda, ɣef jjuj, yeḥbes-iten yiwen n wuggug (barrage) n yibulisen (uggug niḍen yella yegguni-ten deg Buxalfa).
Sdeffir ma walan lekwaɣeḍ-is, ibulisen uwyen Mouloud Mammeri ɣer uwali n Tizi Wezzu, u d netta ay as-d-yennan s yimi-s dakk-n asarag-ines (conférence) ɣer "yisefra iqdimen n teqbaylit" yettwamneɛ imi ay-a "yezmer ad d-yawi ccwal", am wakk-n ay as-yenna ad yeffeɣ seg Tizi Wezzu imir-nni kan. Yuɣ lḥal, awali yekcef-d ula d win ay iwekkel akk-n ad as-d-iɣer i Mammeri deg yiḍ-nni u ad as-yini dakk-n asarag-is yettwamneɛ. Wagi d Mass Merabten, d anemhal (directeur) n COUS. Akk-a, Mammeri yeqqel yeẓra dakk-n anemhal n tesdawit ula ay t-yegren deg way-nni. Yuɣ lḥal, anemhal n tesdawit akk d umaru amatu (secrétaire général) qqlen nnan-as i Mammeri dakk-n ay-nni yekka-d nnig n tezmert-nsen. ɣef ṛṛebɛa d wezgen n tmeddit, llan ugar n 1000 n medden ara yettṛajun melmi ara yebdu usarag-nni. Mi ẓran dakk-n yettwamneɛ, bdan la ten-id-ttalin wurfan, yernu ssefran ad gen timlilit i uzekka-nni, 11 Meɣres, ɣef 9 n tṣ̣ebḥit.
Ass n ttlata 11 Meɣres Inelmaden gan tameskant-nsen (manifestation) tamezwarut deg yizenqan n Tizi Wezzu. ɣef ttesɛa n tṣ̣ebḥit ay mlalen u gar n 10:15 d 12:15, gar n 500 d 700 n yinelmaden ay yelḥan deg yizenqan n Tizi Wezzu, zzin-d sin iberdan ɣef yizenqan imeqranen n temdint. Tikli teḥbes sdat n Useqqamu Aɣelnaw Aɣerfan (CNP) n FLN, sdat n twilayt u sdat n tesnawit (lycée) n temdint, u llan refden tiḥucay ay deg d-uran "Idles amaziɣ : idles aɣerfan", "Awali, Aseqqamu aɣelnaw aɣerfan, asarag n Mammeri yettwamneɛ ?", "Ḥebset aqmaḍ n yedles". Uran-d daɣen s tefṛensist : "Ad yeɣli weqmaḍ" (répression), "Awali, Aseqqamu aɣelnaw aɣerfan d iqettalen". Ma s tmaziɣt uran-d "Tamaziɣt d tameslayt-nneɣ", "Ad nerreẓ wala ad neknu", "Neɛya deg lbaṭel".
Ass n laṛebɛa 12 Meɣres 1980 Agraw amatu (assemblée générale) n yinelmaden n Tizi Wezzu yura-d yiwet n "tebṛat yeldin i Uselway n Tegduda". Tabṛat-nni ssuffɣen-d seg-s luluf n tsukan (copies) u ferqen-tent deg waṭas n yimukan (Ldzayer, Bumerdas, atg.). Tabṛat-a yettwarun s yiles ur nqesseḥ ara aṭas d tin ay deg d-bedren yinelmaden ay-n d-yeqqar werkawal aɣelnaw (charte nationale). Daɣen, inelmaden bedren-d deg tebṛat-nsen akk ay-n yeḍran deg wussan-nni nnan-d dakk-n iles d yedles imaziɣen ttalasen ad ttusnernin, am wakk-n d-ssuttren dakk-n tamaziɣt ad teqqel d iles aɣelnaw wis sin deg tmurt.
Deg Ldzayer tamaneɣt, medden yeslan s way-n ara iḍerrun deg Tizi Wezzu, banen-d amzun ur uminen ara, bitt llan kra kra nnan-d dakk-n ay-a d lekdeb akk yernu ur uminen ara ula s Mouloud Mammeri dakk-n yella. D acu kan, llan kra n medden, qlilit, llan bɣan ad gen tameskant (tamesbanit) deg wezniq !
Ass n ljemɛa 14 Meɣres 1980 Medden bdan la ttmeslayen ɣef tira-nni u mxallafen leṛyuy-nsen fell-asen.
Ass n ssebt 15 Meɣres 1980 Terza yiwet n tfagla (délégation) n yinelmaden i tikkelt tamezwarut ɣer tselwit (présidence) u tejja-n dinna tabṛat yeldin i uselway. D A. Benhabyles ay ten-yemmugren, iban-d yewhem maca ur d-yesban ara taɛdawt-ines. Inelmaden sseknen-as-d amek ay tettwaru tmaziɣt (s tfinaɣ) u yenna-d dakk-n yefka tira-nni i Uselway (?). Deg temlilit-ines tis snat akk d yinelmaden ay d-yesban addud-ines (position).
Izumal n yimtiwgen
Izumal n yimtiwgen d izumal imudmawen yettusxedmen deg tesnallunt d tesnitrit i wakken ad sgensen imtiwgen d tfukt d wayyur d 8 n yimtiwgen imaynuten, akken i ttusxedmen deg tkimya i wakken ad ttwiqqnen yakk d yimɣuzen yallan deg yimtiwgen. Aẓaṛ n usemres n izumal-a yella-d seg tallit n zik n iṛumaniyen d yigriken.
Tafsut n Yimaziɣen
Amezruy n Tefsut n Yimaziɣen : D acu yeḍran ?
Ass n lḥedd 16 Meɣres 1980 Deg Ldzayer, medden la ttmeslayen dakk-n tella yiwet n tewriqt n FFS ay yettwaferqen ɣef yinelmaden deg wussan-nni (yuɣ lḥal, d tin ay d tawriqt tis tlata ara yefreq ukabar-a deg setta n wayyuren ineggura). Tawriqt-a tessawal-d ɣef tedyanin-nni n Tizi Wezzu u tenna-d dakk-n 2000 n yinelmaden ay yettekkan deg tmeskant-nni (tamesbanit) n 11 Meɣres (yili ay-a ur iṣ̣eḥḥa).
Izumal n yimtiwgen
Tiddukla n tesnallunt tagreɣlant ur tdeggi ara (ur twufeq ara) ɣef usexdem n izumal-a deg yimagraden n tɣamsa neɣ deg yimagraden imadduden, ɣef wanect-a i ggunin ɣef tarrayt niden i tira n yizumal yellan deg tfelwit-a:
Tafsut n Yimaziɣen
Amezruy n Tefsut n Yimaziɣen : D acu yeḍran ?
Deg yal amkan, medden rẓan jjaj d yigalisen (tiplakin) n lbenyanat n ddula u uran fell-asen isekkilen (lḥuṛuf) n tfinaɣ. Deg Yiɛeẓẓugen, yiwen n ubulis yusa-d ad yennaɣ medden imi ay rẓan yiwen n ugalis n FLN, dɣa smaren fell-as acabcaq n ssbiɣa tazewwaɣt. Imsenza (ttejjaṛ) ɣelqen tiḥuna-nsen maca kra nnan-d dakk-n d medden ay ten-iḥettmen ad ɣelqen.
Izumal n yimtiwgen
Izumal n uziweɣ d mezweɣ ttumeggzen d izumal n tewtemt d uwtem deg tesnudert seld n umsisi i d-yefka Carl Von Linné deg useggas n 1750.
Tafsut n Yimaziɣen
Amezruy n Tefsut n Yimaziɣen : D acu yeḍran ?
Ass n letniyen 17 Meɣres 1980 Daniel Junqua yellan la iqeddec d anemyaru (correspondant) deg weɣmis n "Le Monde", yedda ɣer Tizi Wezzu u yebda la yesteqsay inelmaden d yiselmaden. Yeɛreḍ ad yesteqsi daɣen kra n yemḍebbren, maca ur yessaweḍ ara (anemhal n tesdawit [recteur] ulac-it, atg.). Deg wass n 19 Meɣres, yeffeɣ-d umagrad (article) amezwaru deg Le Monde u yeḥka-d ɣef lumuṛ akk-n ḍrant (mebla azeyyed wala assenqes).
Izumal n yimtiwgen
Ẓeṛ daɣen
Taggayt:Tasnallunt Taggayt:Azamul asnallun Taggayt:Amezruy n tesnitrit Taggayt:Tasnitrit Taggayt:Izumal
Tafsut n Yimaziɣen
Amezruy n Tefsut n Yimaziɣen : D acu yeḍran ?
Deg tesdawit n Tizi Wezzu, inelmaden d yiselmaden la ssawalen ɣef wakk ay-n yeḍran. Llan kra bɣan ad d-sseknen dakk-n ur qbilen ara ad ad d-gren iman-nsen yikabaren (partis) n tenmegla (opposition) deg temsalt-a u ad ɛerḍen ad sqedcen tidyanin-a deg leṣ̣laḥ-nsen, d acu kan, rran-ten deg rrif yernu jjan ay-n akk-n llan bɣan ad t-gen. Tameddit-nni, Ferhat Mhenni, acennay n terbaɛt Imaziɣen Imula iga abaraz (gala) deg telmessit (foyer) n yinelmaden deg Yiḥesnawen. Ḥedṛen azal n 1000 n yinelmaden, gar-asen anemhal (directeur) n COUS, Merabtene, yellan yeskeṛ yernu llan la smesxiren yes-s yinelmaden. Abaraz-nni yeqqel d timlilit ay yes d-sseknen yinelmaden dakk-n ur qbilen ara aqmaḍ (répression) n ddula. Timlilit-a teqqel mechuṛet imi ay sqerdcen yinelmaden s lejheṛ ɣef kra n temsal tisertiyin (politiques) am tuqqla n Aït Ahmed d Boudiaf. Arezki About yellan iqeddec deg unegmi (laboratoire) n tesdawit, yessawel-d ɣef yiwet n tewriqt ay n FUAA ay d-sɛeddan s ddaw n tewwurt n texxamt-is.
Ass n ttlata 18 Meɣres 1980 Lexbar n timeskanin (timesbaniyin) ay d-yellan deg Laṛebɛa n Ayt Yiraten, Iɛeẓẓugen d Ɛin Lḥemmam yelfa-d d tidet. Medden qqlen la ttwalin lumuṛ s leḥder (ladɣa irgazen imeqranen), imi ugaden "lemmer ad yekker ṭṭrad aɣarim (guerre civile)".
Ass n laṛebɛa 19 Meɣres 1980 Aneɣlaf (lewzir) n usselmed aɛlayan, Bererhi, yemlal i tikkelt tamezwarut akk d Mammeri, u yessutter seg-s ssmaḥ d ameqran s yiles "aẓidan am tamemt", maca ur iban ara ɣef wacu. Tikkelt niḍen, yeɣra-as akk-n ad t-yenṣ̣eḥ ur yettekkay ara deg yisaragen (conférences) ay ssefran ad ten-gen yinelmaden deg uɣaram (cité) n tesdawit n teqcicin deg Ben Aknoun, ɣef yedles aɣelnaw. Nnan-asen daɣen akk-a i Mass Labidi akk d Rachid Boudjedra, imi ay ugaden lemmer ad ttekkin deg yisaragen-nni. Mammeri yessutter ssmaḥ s leḥdaqa deg teqcicin ay t-iɛerḍen. Kra n teqcicin n Tdukli Taɣelnawt n Yelmeẓyen Idzayriyen (UNJA) ɛerḍent ad frunt ugur-a, maca ur ssawḍent ara.
Ass n lexmis 20 Meɣres 1980 Aɣmis n El Moudjahid yessuffeɣ-d yiwet n tebṛat n ucemmet d rregmat yettwaxetmen s yisem n K.B. (mebla ccek d Kamel Belkacem, anemhal n tira [rédacteur en chef] n weɣmis-a). Tabṛat-a tetthem Mammeri (mebla ma tebder-d isem-is) belli d axabit ixeddmen akk d temharsa (colonialisme). Tasɣunt n "Révolution Africaine" tessuffeɣ-d daɣen tigejdit (éditorial), ur yettwafhem ara d acu ay d-yeqsed maca, deg tgara, iwet-d deg wid ay d-yessekren ccwal deg Tizi Wezzu. Ma d aɣmis n Algérie Actualité yenna-d dakk-n tirzi ay iga Chadli ɣer Ccerq Alemmas d tin ay yessefra ad tt-yeg aṭas ay-a, yernu ccwal yekkren deg tmurt n Leqbayel ur yeqqin ara ɣer tirzi-a. Nnig way-a, Chadli yessefra ad yerzu ɣef Tizi Wezzu deg wass n 15 neɣ 16 Meɣres. ɣef way-a ay gan kra n lecɣal n ucebbeḥ n temdint s tɣawla deg wussan-nni.
Deg Dreɛ Lmizan, inelmaden n tesnawiyin (lycées) ɛerḍen ad gen tamsekant (tamesbanit) i tikkelt tamezwarut deg wussan-nni n yimuras (vacances). Ttekkan azal n 200 n yinelmaden deg tmeskant-nni. Deg Tizi Wezzu, inelmaden gan timlilit iweɛṛen ay deg kra ur qbilen ara imi ay d-gren iman-nsen yikabaren n tenmegla (partis d'opposition) am FFS, FUAA d PRS. Kra bedren-d ula d PAGS (akabar amesdukli [parti communiste]) yellan la yesseqdac ma ulac sin wid yellan "la d-ssenkaren" inelmaden). Deg temlilit-a, inelmaden n Tizi Wezzu fran-tt-id ad ddun ɣer Laṛebɛa n Ayt Yiraten, Iɛeẓẓugen d tmura niḍen u ad ɛerḍen ad ten-qennɛen ur d-ttadren ara ɣer Tizi Wezzu akk-n ad msegrawen dinna. Tameskant-nni ay ɣef llan la ssawalen medden aṭas ay-a (ula deg Ldzayer) yewɛeṛ akk-n ad tt-ḥebsen. Iɣallen n laman llan swejden iman-nsen akk-n ad wten.
Ass n ssebt 22 Meɣres 1980 Iselmaden n Tizi Wezzu la ssawalen ɣef tririt ara gen i umagrad-nni (article) n ucemmet d rregmat ay d-yeffɣen deg El Moudjahid. Yuɣ lḥal, amagrad-a iḥuza ula d iselmaden n tesdawit n Tizi Wezzu. Deg Ldzayer, kra n yiselmaden n tesdawit ɛerḍen ad d-gen tasakbabt (pétition) ara fken i El Moudjahid akk-n ad as-yeḍmen i Mammeri lḥeqq n uwajeb deg weɣmis-a. Ciṭṭaḥ kan ay iqeblen ad zemlen (ad stenyin) tasakbabt-a. Ula d wid iqeddcen deg CRAPE (anda ay yella Mammeri iqeddec d anemhal [directeur]), maci aṭas ay tt-izemlen.
Ass n ttlata 25 Meɣres 1980 Asudu n Tussniwin Tudmisin (Institut des Sciences Economiques) n Ldzayer yebda-d asunded (grève) n tlata n wussan imi aseqqamu (comité) n usudu-nsen ur testeɛṛef ara yes-s tesdawit.
26 Meɣres 1980 Gan tameskant (tamesbanit) niḍen deg Tizi Wezzu, ay deg ttekkan azal n 1000 n yinelmaden. Ibulisen ur d-giren ara iman-nsen.
30 Meɣres 1980 Deg Fṛansa, Aït Menguellet yeɣra-d kra n yisefra deg tewwurt n Pantin. Aseqqamu n uḥuddu n yizerfan (droits) idelsanen iger-d tiɣri akk-n ad msegrawen medden deg tsusmi sdat n tmahelt (ambassade) n Ldzayer deg Fṛansa.
6 Yebrir 1980 Inelmaden gan timlilit deg Yiḥesnawen (Tizi Wezzu) u fran-tt-id ad ṭṭfen u ad qqimen deg tzeqqa (salle) n assukken (reprographie) n tesdawit u gren-d tiɣri akk-n ad gen tameskant (tamesbanit) deg wass n 7 Yebrir deg Ldzayer tamaneɣt.
7 Yebrir 1980 Lɛecṛa n tṣ̣ebḥit. Ldzayer tamaneɣt, deg Tsenbert (place) n Umezwaru n Mayyu. 500 n yinelmaden d yiselmaden ay yemsegrawen akk-n ad d-ssuttren dakk-n idles amaziɣ yettalas ad yili. Tiḥucay ay refden yura-d deg-sent "Idles aɣerfan (culture populaire)", "Tilelli n wawal", "tamaziɣt ur telli ara d iles adzayri ?", "tugdut tadelsant (démocratie culturelle)". Wid yettekkan deg tmeskant-a (tamesbanit) bdan la d-cennun imseɣret (nnacid) n yemjuhad "Min jibalina" (Seg yidurar-nneɣ ay d-tuli taɣect n tlelli). Ibulisen bdan la kkaten medden akk-n kan d-tebda tikli. Wten wid yettekkan u qemḍen-ten mebla ṛṛeḥma. Azal n 200 ay ssulin deg yifurguten s tiyta n tdebbuzin. Gar wid yettekkan, llan aṭas ay yettwajerḥen, gar-asen xemsa ɣlin deg lkuma. Yiwen seg wid yettekkan wten-t s tdebbuzin alama ay yemmut. Deg tesdawit n Ldzayer, inelmaden deɣren (bbuṭin) akk-n ad gen asunded (grève). Tasdawit n Tizi Wezzu tga asunded daɣen yernu ṭṭfen-tt yinelmaden, deg-s ara ttɣimin, deg-s ara gganen.
ɣef leḥdac d wezgen n tṣ̣ebḥit, deg tesdawit talemmast n Ldzayer, inelmaden gan timlilit akk-n ad mciwṛen ɣef tikliwin niḍen ara gen sdat n teɣsart talemmast n yibulisen (commissariat central) akk-n ad sbegnen dakk-n ur qbilen ara aqmaḍ (répression).
ɣef tlata n tmeddit, Aseqqamu n uḥuddu n yizerfan idelsanen (Comité de défense des droits culturels) yessegrew-d azal n 1000 n yemdanen deg tsusmi sdat n tmahelt (ambassade) n Ldzayer deg Fṛansa. Wid igan amsegraw-a llan bɣan ad as-fken yiwen n ussumer (motion) i wenmahal (ambassadeur). D acu kan, aneggaru-a yegguma ad ten-yemmager u yenna-d dakk-n wigi ur llin d Idzayriyen. Aseqqamu yura-d yiwet n tebṛat yeldin i uselway (ṛṛayes) u iga-d tasakbabt (pétition) ara sseddun d tebṛat-nni.
Tameddit : Inelmaden n Tizi Wezzu gan timlilit ay deg ay tt-id-fran ad gen asunded amatu (grève générale) mebla tilisa, u ad qqimen ṭṭfen tasdawit.
Ass n 8 Yebrir 1980 Deg Ldzayer tamaneɣt, ugar n 1000 n yinelmaden ay d-yeffɣen ad ttekkin deg tmeskant (tamesbanit) u la ttberriḥen "Ad yeɣli weqmaḍ (répression)", "Ibulisen d iqettalen", "Brum-asen-d i wid yettwaṭṭfen", "Idles aɣerfan (culture populaire) adzayri". Llan daɣen la d-cennun imesɣerten (nnacidat) n tmurt. Ibulisen dehhmen-ten s ljehd ɣer daxel n tesdawit. Tameskant-a teqqim ugar n snat n tsaɛtin. Amur ameqran deg wid yettwaṭṭfen bran-asen-d.
Deg Tmurt n Leqbayel, d luluf n yifellaḥen seg Ɛin Lḥemmam d Laṛebɛa n Ayt Yiraten ay iɛerḍen ad ttekkin deg yiwet n tikli ay gan deg Tizi Wezzu. Igen (armée) yergel-asen iberdan u iḥettem-iten ad qqlen ɣer tuddar-nsen. Amur ameqran deg wid yettwaṭṭfen iḍelli-nni bran-asen-d. Inelmaden n Bumerdas gan asunded (grève). Inelmaden d yiqeddacen n tesdawit talemmast n Ldzayer gan-d assumer (motion) n uɛiwen n yinelmaden n Tizi Wezzu. Nnig way-a, gan-d daɣen anaru (bureau) ara yesseddun lecɣal n tmeskanin (timesbaniyin) deg Ldzayer tamaneɣt.
Seg 9 ar 15 Yebrir 1980 Deg tuddar n Tmurt n Leqbayel, gan-d iseqquma n uqareɛ d uɛiwen n yinelmaden igan asunded (grève).
11 Yebrir 1980 Mouloud Mammeri yuzen tiririt-ines i weɣmis n El Moudjahid ay d-yessuffɣen amagrad-nni (article) n ucemmet "Wid yettafken timsirin" (dduṛus). El Moudjahid yegguma ad d-yessuffeɣ tiririt n Mammeri. D aɣmis n Le Matin ay tt-id-yessuffɣen. Inelmaden gan-as-d tisukan (copies) s Roneo u ferqen-tt ɣef medden ama deg Ldzayer, ama deg Fṛansa.
13 Yebrir 1980 Aneɣlaf (lewzir) n usselmed aɛlayan yemlal d yiwet n terbaɛt n yiselmaden n Tizi Wezzu. Inelmaden n tesnawit (lycée) n Amirouche, deg Tizi Wezzu, bdan-d asunded (grève) u ṭṭfen tasnawit-nni. Iqeddacen n sbiṭar n Tizi Wezzu uznen assumer (motion) n uɛiwen i yinelmaden igan asunded akk d tebṛat yeldin i uselway (ṛṛayes) Chadli ay deg ay as-ssuttren ad yeḥbes weqmaḍ (répression). Yiwet n tewriqt yettwaferqen ɣef medden (u nnan-d dakk-n n FFS) tger-d tiɣri akk-n ad gen medden asunded amatu (grève générale) deg wass n 16 Yebrir.
15 Yebrir 1980 Aseqqamu n uḥuddu n yizerfan idelsanen deg Ldzayer (Comité de la défense des droits culturels en Algérie) iger-d tiɣri akk-n ad gen tikli deg wass n 26 Yebrir sdat n tmahelt (ambassade) n Ldzayer deg Fṛansa u deg wass n Umezwaru n Mayyu seg wezniq n "Filles du Clavaire" alama d Bastille. Sbiṭar n Tizi Wezzu ṭṭfen-t yiqeddacen.
16 Yebrir 1980 Medden gan asunded (grève) ikemlen deg Tmurt n Leqbayel. Acennay Ferhat Mhenni n terbaɛt n Imaziɣen Imula yettwaker deg Dar El Beida [deg ccerq n Ldzayer tamaneɣt] ɣef tizi n jjuj d wezgen n tmeddit. Aneɣlaf (lewzir) n usselmed aɛlayan iɛeyyen-asen i yinelmaden n Tizi Wezzu akk-n ad qqlen ɣer tɣuri deg wass 19 Yebrir. Tameddit-nni, mlalen yiqeddacen n Sonelec, Sonelgaz, Sonitex, Casoral, sbiṭar n Tizi Wezzu akk d yiselmaden n yinelmaden akk-n ad d-sseknen dakk-n ur qbilen ara aqmaḍ (répression) n ddula u sbedden-d aseqqamu aɣerfan (comité populaire) i usseddu n lecɣal.
18 Yebrir 1980 Iminigen msegrawen sdat n tmahelt (ambassade) n Ldzayer deg Ottawa yernu gan tikli tazamalt (symbolique) sdat n wemni (parlement) akanadi.
20 Yebrir 1980 ɣef lweḥda n tṣ̣ebḥit : tebda-d temhelt (opération) n Mizrana. Iɣallen n weqmaḍ (répression) kecmen ɣer wakk imukan ay ṭṭfen yinelmaden d yiqeddacen (tasdawit, sbiṭar, lluzinat). Inelmaden yellan ṭṭsen bdan-ten s tiyta nitni mazal-iten deg wusu. Wid ara irewwlen bran-d fell-asen iḍan. Inelmaden la d-ttneggizen seg lbaṭimat n uɣaram (cité) n tesdawit mebla ma lsan iceṭṭiḍen-nsen. Iselmaden ttwarefden seg yexxamen-nsen. Akk iqeddacen n sbiṭar ttwaṭṭfen, u uwyen-d deg wemkan-nsen imejjayen (iṭbiben) n lɛeskeṛ. La ittezzi wawal dakk-n mmuten 32 n medden u d timeyyatin ay ijerḥen. Imezdaɣen n Tizi Wezzu gan asunded amatu (grève générale). Medden ur d-jjin ula d yiwen n ugalis (taplakt) yuran s taɛṛabt deg yizenqan. Tamurt n Leqbayel tegzem ɣef ddunit. Yettwamneɛ unekcum ɣer-s ladɣa ɣef yineɣmasen (imesjeṛnanen).
21 Yebrir 1980 21 seg wid yettwaṭṭfen ttucaṛɛen deg Leqṣ̣er [Bgayet] u yeḥkem-d fell-asen wexxam n ccṛeɛ ad kecmen ɣer lḥebs. Medden bdan la regglen iberdan deg temdint akk d teɣsart n tmacint (gare). Iɣallen n weqmaḍ (répression) bdan la tteddun deg yizenqan s yibeckiḍen yesɛan tiferyin yernu sxerben igniren (galeries) imaynuten (ahat gan ay-a akk-n ad smentsen [provoquer] medden ?). Medden sxerben ammas n tinḍi (centre d'artisanat), taɣsart (station) n lkiṛan akk d tedwirt n Kharroubi. Imezdaɣen n tuddar ay d-iqerben ɣer Tizi Wezzu udren-d akk-n u gan tikli deg temdint-a akk-n ad d-sseknen dakk-n ur qbilen ara aqmaḍ (répression) d tmenɣiwt n medden.
22 Yebrir 1980 Asunded amatu (grève générale) yuweḍ ɣer wass-ines wis tlata. Mazal la regglen iberdan deg Tizi Wezzu. Imeskanen (manifestants) la tteddun deg temdint s tḥucay akk-n ad d-ssuttren ad asen-d-brun i wid yettwaṭṭfen u ad ḥebsen aqmaḍ (répression). Imeskanen refden daɣen tiḥucay ay deg d-uran "Imaziɣen". Ibulisen (tamunin tiɣelnawin n tɣellist, CNS) mmɣen ɣef yiselmaden seg sdeffir. Llan-d yimenɣin imeqranen deg wakk imukan n Tizi Wezzu gar yibulisen d yimeskanen. Imesdurar qqlen-d ɣer temdint yernu ula d nitni bdan la regglen iberdan. Sxerben inura (lbiruwat) n APS, SAA, axxam n tinḍi, anaru (lbiru) n ukabar n FLN, asensu (hôtel) n Balwa akk d tzeqqa n ssinima Mondial. Iqeddacen n sbiṭar n Mustapha Bacha, deg Ldzayer tamaneɣt, bdan-d ula d nitni asunded akk-n ad msegman d Tmurt n Leqbayel.
23 Yebrir 1980 Ass wis ṛebɛa n ussunded amatu (grève générale). Ibulisen la ttaṭṭafen medden s waṭas u deg yal amkan. Imeskanen (manifestants) ay d-yusan seg Tegzirt nnuɣen akk d yiɣallen n weqmaḍ (répression) deg unekcum n temdint n Tizi Wezzu. Yella-d daɣen yimenɣi d ameqran deg Dreɛ Ben Xedda.
24 Yebrir 1980 Tebda la d-tteqqel "lehna" cwiṭ, cwiṭ. Tiḥuna n tuccit bdant la leddint tameddit n wass-nni. Llan-d yimenɣiyen d imeqranen gar yimeskanen (manifestants) (deg Yiwaḍiyen, Laṛebɛa n Ayt Yiraten d Ɛin Lḥemmam) d yiɣallen n weqmaḍ. Igniren (galeries) imaynuten hudden seg lketṛa n sselɛa.
25 Yebrir 1980 Iɣallen n weqmaḍ ṭṭfen akk tamdint n Tizi Wezzu. Tilibizyu n Ldzayer tṣ̣ewwer-d imukan yettwasxerben. ɣef lxemsa n tmeddit, anmahal (ambassadeur) n Ldzayer deg Fṛansa yemlal d weɣlif (ministère) n tɣawsiwin n beṛṛa deg Quai d'Orsay. ɣef lxemsa u xemsin n ddqayeq, anebdad (préfet) n yibulisen n Paris yenna-as i Useqqamu n uḥuddu n yizerfan idelsanen deg Ldzayer dakk-n tikli-nni ay ssefran ad tt-gen i uzekka-nni tettwamneɛ.
26 Yebrir 1980 Anebdad (préfet) yemneɛ tikli-nni, d acu kan, ɣas ma yella Aseqqamu n uḥuddu n yizerfan idelsanen deg Ldzayer llan zemren ad t-ttehmen, yessɣer aqerru u iger-d tiɣri deg weɣmis (ajeṛnan) d ṛṛadyu akk-n ad d-asen ttekkin medden deg tikli-nni. 500 n yemdanen ay yettekkan. 400 seg-sen ṭṭfen-ten yibulisen u uwyen-ten ɣer Vincennes anda ay ten-qellben, weṣ̣ṣ̣fen-ten yernu gan-asen tisenta (fiches). Tadukli (Amicale) n Yidzayriyen deg Fṛansa tessegrew-d 200 n yemdanen akk-n ad smentsen (provoquer) wid ara yettekkin deg tikli-nni, usan-d deg lkiṛan ɣer Paris yernu llan ttuxellaṣ̣en s wass.
29 Yebrir 1980 Aseqqamu n uḥuddu n yizerfan idelsanen deg Ldzayer yessefra ad yeg tikli tasusamt deg wass n 1 Mayyu, d acu kan, anebdad n Paris yemneɛ tikli-nni imi "ay tezmer ad d-teglu s ccwal".
10 Mayyu 1980 Matoub Lounes iga abaraz (gala) deg Olympia (deg Paris). Medden gan ddqiqa n tsusmi akk-n ad msegman d umussu aɣerfan (mouvement populaire) deg Ldzayer.
12 Mayyu 1980 Tasdawit n Ldzayer tga asunded (grève).
18 Mayyu 1980 Deg Tizi Wezzu gan asunded amatu (grève générale), medden akk ttekkan deg-s (ala igniren [galeries] imaynuten n Ldzayer.
19 Mayyu 1980 Deg Ldzayer gan tameskant (manifestation) mgal n weqmaḍ (répression).
24 Mayyu 1980 Inelmaden gan timlilit deg tesdawit talemmast n Ldzayer, maca mmɣen fell-asen wid ay yessexdam udabu.
25 Mayyu 1980 Aseqqamu n uḥuddu n yizerfan idelsanen deg Ldzayer yessuffeɣ-d "Tabṛat yeldin i Chadli" sdeffir ma yessegrew-d 3522 n tekbabin (signatures).
3 Yunyu 1980 Aseqqamu agraɣlan n uɛiwen n teɣtas n weqmaḍ deg Ldzayer (Comité international de soutien aux victimes de la répression en Algérie) yessuffeɣ-d tasakbabt-ines (pétition). Aseqqamu n uḥuddu n yizerfan idelsanen deg Ldzayer sbedden-t-id s tidet u yessegrew-d 140 n tekbabin (signatures) sɣur yemdanen yettwassnen deg tesdawiyin d tẓuri (art).