cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Island
Tamurt n Island, tezga-d g umenzaw n Turuft. Tamanaɣt d Reykyabik.
Ottawa
Ottawa d tamaneɣt n Kanada. Tezga-d deg wenẓul-agmuḍan (sud-est) n tmurt, deg temnaḍt n Ontario. Zedɣen-tt 812.129 n yimezdaɣen.
Ulxu
Ulxu d taddart n tɣiwant n Uẓeffun (deg ugafa n Tizi Wezzu). Deg taddart-a ay ilul umaru adzayri Ṭaher Ǧaɛut.
Saratov
Saratov d tamdint deg wanẓul n Rrus.
Musku
Moscow (s taṛusit: Москва) (yettusemman: Moskva), d tamaneɣt n Rrus d tamdint-is tameqqrant, tezga ɣef wasif n Moskva yeqqnen ɣer wasif n Volga s ufrag n Moscow di tlemmast n Rrus, yettwaḥseb-as azal n 12.5 imelyan n yimezdaɣ deg uzaglu n temdint, d 17 imelyan n yimezdaɣ deg temnaḍin n tiɣremt, d 20 imelyan deg temnaḍt n Mosku tamaneɣt, Mosku d tamnaḍt n tsertit, d tadamsa, yidles, ddin, tadrimt, tettwaḥseb d tamdint tamḍalant. D tamdint tis sebεa meqqren s waṭas n yimezdaɣ deg umaḍal.
Arduz
Arduz (isem ussnan: Cetonia) d yiwet n tewsit n yizinzren yeṭṭafaren tawacult n tedlicin.
Lmerruk
Ameṛṛuk neɣ Amurakuc (s tfinaɣ : ⴰⵎⵓⵔⴰⴽⵓⵛ, s Tserɣint: المغرب Al-Maɣrib), isem-ines umaddud Tageldit n Umeṛṛuk neɣ Tageldit n Wamurakuc ( s tifinaɣ: ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ, s Tserɣint : المملكة المغربية, Al-Mamlakah Al-Maɣribiya) d yiwet n tmurt i d-yezgan deg ugafa utrim n Tferka, tla (tesɛa) talast akked Lezzayer seg usamar, Muritanya seg unẓul, Agaraw Aṭlasi seg utaram, Ilel Agrakal ugafa, Dɣa ibeṭṭu-tt ɣef Uruppa ugrilel n Ǧibraltaṛ s umeccaqq n 14,4 Km. Tamanaɣt-ines d Rbaṭ.
Arduz
Imniren
Taggayt:Tiwsitin n yibureɣsen Taggayt:ibureɣsen Taggayt:Izinezren
22 ctember
21 ctember - 22 ctamber - 23 ctember
Ilegwaḍen
Ilegwaḍen (ar s taɛrabt ; Isserbourg imi tella tasehrest taṛumit) d yiwet n temdint n twilayt n Bumerdas, deg tadayra n Lburǧ n Yemnayen.
22 ctember
Ass 22 ctember d ass 265 n useggas (266 deg iseggasen bisekstil). Llan 100 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas.
Lmerruk
Timnaḍin
400px|thumbnail|Timnaḍin n Umerruk
Ilegwaḍen
Tarakalt
Taɣiwant tella deg Ugafa-Agmuḍ n twilayt n Bumerdas.
22 ctember
Imagraden iqqenen
Taggayt:Ass n ctamber
Lmerruk
Timnaḍin
Llant deg-s 12 n temnaḍin gar-asen :
Liens externes
Taggayt:Merruk
Boston
Boston d tamdint n Yiwunak Yeddukklen yerna d tamaneɣt n Massachusetts. Zedɣen-tt 4.522.858 n yimezdaɣen.
Bernardo Atxaga
Bernardo Atxaga, isem-is n tidett Joseba Irazu, yernu ilul-d di 1951 di temdint n Asteasu, di temnaḍt n Guipuzcoa, di Tmurt n Yibaskiyen n wenẓul, di Spenyul. Atxaga ay yeɣran tussniwin tudmisin (sciences économiques) di tesdawit, yeqdec azal n ḥdac wagguren di tbanka di temdint n San Sebastian. Sakin, yuɣal ɣer tesdawit akken ad iɣer tasnagayt u seg yimir-n ay yekcem s amḍal n tira akken ad yuɣal d yiwen seg yimura imeqqranen n tutlayt tabaskit akk d tespenyulit.
Adlis amezwaru ay d-yessuffeɣ d ammud n yisefra umi isemma Ziutateak (timdinin), yura-t di 1976, yernu sin n yiseggasen sakin, yerna yessuffeɣ-d ammud nniḍen n yisefra, Etiopia, d win i yes ay ibeddel si lqaɛa tamedyazt tabaskit u yerbeḥ-d fell-as arraz n wezɣan (prix de la critique) aspenyuli. Ikemmel dɣa seg yimir-n yettaru, u di ɛecrin n yiseggasen-nni ay d-iḍefren, yessuffeɣ-d ugar n ɛecrin n yedlisen n tsekla i yigerdan akk d yelmeẓyen, am wakken ay yura imsuyas i waṭas n tesgilin n rr'adyu akk d tceqfatin n umezgun. Atxaga yesɛa diɣ assaɣ iǧehden akk d uẓawan abaski imi ay yura acḥal n tezlatin s tutlayt-is.
D acu kan, tamelt-yines tameqqrant deg wemḍal n tsekla yekseb-itt-id s wungalen-is i yes ay yuɣal yettwassen akk deg wemḍal ladɣa imi ay ten-id-ssuqlen ɣer waṭas n tutlayin. Ungal amenzu ay yura, "Bi anai" (Sin watmaten) yerbeḥ-d yis-s Atxaga arraz n wezɣan i tikkelt tis snat di 1985. Rebɛa n yiseggasen sakin, di 1988, yessuffeɣ-d Atxaga ungal-is ay ifazen akk, Obabakoak (at Obaba), d win i ɣef d-yerbeḥ Arraz Aɣelnaw n Tsekla (Primio Nacional de Literatura) n Spenyul u yella-d d amaru abaski amenzu ara d-irebḥen arraz-agi, am wakken ay d-yerbeḥ diɣ fell-as arraz n wedlis abaski, Euskadi, akk d warraz n wezɣan aspenyuli i tikkelt tis tlata.
Obabakoak nzan seg-s 30.000 n wudmawen. Si ger yedlisen nniḍen ay yettwassnen ay d-yessuffeɣ Atxaga, nezmer ad d-nebder "Tamurt n Yibaskiyen akk d Yedles neɣ mi ara d-yaki yinisi", "Anẓad ay d-yemɣin deg yiles" akk d yiwen n wedlis i yigerdan isem-is "Shola akk d yilfan". Si melmi kan, yerna yessuffeɣ-d daɣen sin yedlisen s wazal-nsen, "Argaz awḥid" akk d "Igenwan-nni".
Tirawt n Bernardo Atxaga d tin i deg texleḍ tsekla tamaynut n wass-a akk d tsekla tamsilawt ay d-yettmeslayen ɣef tɣawsiwin akken llant di tudert, ama lhant, ama d iri-tent. Deg wungalen-is, Atxaga yettban-d seg wid yekkaten ɣef ugama yernu udmawen d wid ay d-yeddem seg wegdud abaski ara yettqabalen lehmum n tmetti n tallit-agi-nneɣ. Yuɣ lḥal, werǧin yenwi Atxaga d akken ad d-yaweḍ wass i deg ara yuɣal yisem-is mechur' am wass-a, yernu kra ttxemmimen, qqaren-as d akken Bernardo Atxaga yessaweḍ ad as-d-yerr ttar' i tutlayt tabaskit, ay yettwaḥeqren acḥal, imi ass-a tewweḍ Madrid alammi ay testeɛr'ef s yiwen n umara d Abaski.
Tamselyut
Atxaga
Danya At Sasi
Tettwasen am "Danya Ben Sasi", d yiwen n tlemẓit, tacennayt tamaziɣt n Libya.
Gar tezlatin-is :
Tala Ifassen
Tala Ifassen d yiwet taɣiwant n twilayt n Sṭif i d-yezgan di Tmurt Leqbayel.
Tafelsaft
thumb|350px|[[Auguste Rodin, Le Penseur, 1880-82 : amdan yettxemmimen.]]
Awal tafelseft yusa-d si tegrigit phylosophia φιλοσοφία philosophía yesɛan anamek “tayri n tussna” neɣ “tayri n tmussni”. Awal “tadyaliktit” (dialektikê, s tegrigit) d aḥric deg tfelseft i yellan seg zzman aqdim ; tin ɣur-s, wwin-d fell-as awal yimussnawen imeqqranen n umaḍal, am Socrate, Platon, Hegel, Marx, atg. Sqedcen awal-a “tadyaliktit”, ɣas akken yal yiwen seg-sen yefka-yas anamek amaynut.
Ɣas akken ulac wi d-yuran kra n udlis s tmaziɣt (s umata) ɣef tfelseft s umata, neɣ ɣef tedyaliktit, cukkeɣ timetti taqbaylit tla taktiwin tigejdanin i yellan deg tedyaliktit. Deg teqbaylit, awal “tamussni” yesɛa aṭas n yinumak.
1. Anamek n “Kkseɣ tamussni d X”, meḥsub : “Ssneɣ-t” ;
2. Maca “tamussni” i d-yefkan awl-nniḍen “amussnaw” d ayen-nniḍen. Deg unamek wis sin, “tamussni” d agraw n taktiwin, n wazalen, …deg tmetti n Leqbayel. Yusef Uqasi yenna-d deg wawal-is “uma sriɣ-as i tmussni i yi-d-trennu d aɣilif” Anamek n “tmussni” da, mačči d axaleḍ neɣ aɛacer n yimdanen, d ameyyez ɣef tlufa yerzan imdanen akked trebbaɛ n yimdanen. Tin ɣur-s, Lmulud at Mɛemmer deg tezwert n udlis-s Isefra iqdimen n Tmurt n Leqbayel, yessegza-d d acu i d “tamussni”.
Tamiḍrant-a (acku mačči d awal kan) tettmeslay-d ɣef tmeṭṭi taqbaylit taqburt akked wazalen-is (valeurs) ; tettawi-d awal ɣef wamek tebna tmetti, seg tama n uxemmem akked umeyyez. Yenna-d dakken llan 3 n lesnaf n yirgazen i yuɣen 3 n yiswiren yembabben wa nnig wayeḍ ; seg uksar d asawen, ad naf :
1. argaz lɛali ;
2. Argaz ;
3. Amussnaw.
–Argaz lɛali (am tmeṭṭut lɛali) d win yessnen d acu ara d-yini di yal tagnit, i yessnen d acu ara yeg di yal tagnit. Ayen akken ara d-yini (tini), ayen akken ara yeg (teg) d timsirin i lemmden yimdanen deg tmetti ; wa yesselmad-it i wa. Axemmem deg-s ulac, neɣ yuqa.
Ṭrables (Lubnan)
Ṭrables d tamdint n ugafa (nord) n Lubnan, zedɣen-tt 192.572 n yimezdaɣen (530.000 s yegmamen ay d-yezzin fell-as).
1 wamber
Ass n 1 wamber d ass wis 305 n useggas (wis 306 deg iseggasen bisekstil). Llan 60 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas. 31 tuber - 1 wamber - 2 wamber
Tafelsaft
–Argaz (wissen ma tella Tmeṭṭut) : Argaz, mačči d argaz lɛali kan ; d argaz lɛali ternuḍ-as kra-nniḍen. Argaz yessen akkit ayen yessen urgaz lɛali, maca yesɛa ayen-nniḍen, yesɛa nnif. Nnif, s unamek-is lqayen, mačči d anzaren ; d asnulfu n wawal ur yezmir ara urgaz lɛali ad d-it-yini ; d aqabel s wudem amaynut n tegnit i wumi ur yezmir ara urgaz lɛali. Ihi Argaz d win yettxemmimen, yettmeyyizen i tegnatin timaynutin, rnu yessen d acu ara d-yini, neɣ d acu ara yeg deg tegnatin-a ur d-neḍri werǧin.
1 wamber
Imagraden iqqenen
Taggayt:Ass n wamber
Tafelsaft
–Amussnaw yufrar ɣef Argaz, acku tawuri-ines deg tmetti d axemmem, d ameyyez, d asnulfu n wawal amaynut, n taktiwin akked tikliwin timaynutin. Amussnaw d “bab n tmussni” ; tamussni n umussnaw hrawet, lqayet. Yessen akkit ayen ssnen medden, am wayen yerzan aḥric n tfellaḥt (imi Leqbayel d ifellaḥen), ayen yerzan tignewt, ayen yerzan awatay (caledrier), ayen yerzan taɛrfit (droit coutumier), maca ayen yessen ugar n wiyaḍ d aḥeddad n wawal ; “aḥedded n wawal” mačči afyit neɣ d asefru. Deg wawal n “bab n tmussni” ad tafeḍ tamsirt ɣef tikli di tmetti, ad tafeḍ tifrat i wugur, ad tafeḍ rray ara yaɣ umdan, …
Ihi mi ara negzi anamek i (d)as-fkan yimawlan-nneɣ i wawal “tamussni”, ad naf ur yemgarad ara d wawal n tegrigit philosophia “une discipline existant depuis l’Antiquité et développant un questionnement et une réflexion sur le monde et l’existence humaine. Considérée comme une science humaine, elle propose des théories et construit des concepts pour éclaircir des problèmes relatifs à la nature, à la culture, à la science, à la morale, à la politique ou encore au sujet humain, à son langage et à ses valeurs. », Wikipedia (http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portai...)
Nesḥassef aṭas imi ur urin ara lejdud-nneɣ ɣef tmussni, wala ɣef wayen-nniḍen. Maca deg wayen i d-qqaren, deg wayen ttgen yal ass, deg wayen ttxemmimen, ulac ccekk, tella deg-s tmussni, riɣ ad d-iniɣ tifeslseft. Imassanen Ifransisen izerwen timetti n Leqbayel, yecban Hanoteau & Letourneux, neɣ P. Bourdieu seknen-d tafelsuft-a. Ɣef lebni n tmetti n tmurt n Leqbaye(n zik), ad naf tezga tebded ɣef snat n « tɣawsiwin » yettidiren akken (lwaḥid) maca zgant mgaradent, ttemnamarent ; seg iweksar d asawen, ad d-nebder : axxam (lḥara) n wadda/axxam (lḥara) ufella ; deg yiwet n taddart, ad naf taxlijt n wadda/taxlijt ufella ; deg yiwen n lɛerc, ad naf, di tegti, sin n yimuren yemgaraden ; nnig lɛerc, ad naf taqbilt neɣ ssef, yeqqim-d deg wawal, deg umezruy : ssef n wadda/ssef ufella. Aya yella deg tallit uqbel ad taɣ Fransa tamurt-nneɣ.
Qqimen-d daɣen wawalen-nniḍen yerzan tuddsa tanmettit (organisation sociale) : tamurt n wadda/Tamurt ufella (1). Sin n wawalen i tessettu Fransa i Leqbayel n wass-a d wid n yiḍelli, armi uɣalen seqdacen tura kra n wawalen ur nesɛi akkit assaɣ d yidles-nneɣ : “Grande Kabylie” “Petite Kabylie”(2).
Ma nger tamawt, ad naf, tamezwarut, awalen-a “wadda” akked “ufella” ur rzin ara laɛli n wadeg, acku lemmer d aya tili “tamurt n Ǧerǧer” ur (d)semman ara tamurt n wadda (!). Aredqal ad d-nuɣal ɣer usegzi neɣ asnimek n wawalen (adda akked afella).
Tin ɣur-s, ma nra ad neɣz nezzeh deg temsalt-a, ad naf daɣen ssenf-nniḍen n “tɣawsiwin” (yettidiren lwaḥid, maca ttemnamarent ssbeḥ meddi). Tiɣawsiwin-a d IRGAZEN akked TLAWIN. Aya yessegzi-ti-d mliḥ Pierre Bourdieu deg yidlisen-is. Snat n trebbaɛ-a n yimdanen i yettidiren lwaḥid deg deg yiwen n wadeg, i yettmeslayen yiwet n tmeslayt, i yesɛan yiwen n yidles, di tilawt, ttemnamarent, mgaradent am yigenni akked lqaɛa. Ihi d sin n « yimaḍalen » yemxalafen. Da daɣen amgired yellan gar sin n « yimaḍalen »-a lqay nezzeh : ur mgaradent ara kan deg wayen i (d)-asen-yefka ugama, mgaradent ula deg rray, deg taktiwin akked tmuɣliwin, deg tikli di tmetti, deg yiḥulfan, deg yizerfan, deg waɣanen, atg. Maca ... Maca d aya i d iswi n tedyaliktit : d askasi ɣef temsalt-a n « snat n tɣawsiwin yettemnamaren », ɣas akken lwaḥid i ttidirent, meḥsub tezdi-tent tmetti d wayen i tla tmetti : tutlayt, idles, … Am waken i d-nniɣ iwsawen, aṭas n yimussnawen i yesqedcen tadyalikt, gar-asen Socrate, Platon, Aristote, Hegel, Marx, … D acu kan yal wa acu n unamek i (d)as-yefka : “snat n tɣawsiwin-nni” yettemnamaren ur ɛdilent ara, yal amussnaw acu iɣef yessebded awal-is. “Chez Platon, la dialectique est ainsi une science ou un genre de connaissance6 qui repose sur la confrontation de plusieurs positions de manière à dépasser l’opinion (doxa) en vue de parvenir à un véritable savoir (ou à la vérité). Il s’agit donc d’un moyen de s’élever du monde des apparences (ou du "sensible") vers la connaissance intellectuelle (ou "l’intelligible"), jusqu’aux concepts les plus généraux, jusqu’aux principes premiers (voir La République, livres VI et VII). », in http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialec...
Ɣur Karl Marx, anelmad n Hegel, snat n tɣawsiwin-a d « les classes sociales », meḥsub « la bourgeoisie » « la prolétariat ». D amennuɣ gar « les classes » i d amseddu (moteur) agensas n tmetti.
Tadyaliktit d tarrayt n umeslay, n uẓeɣẓen (raisonnement) gar sin n yimdanen (neɣ : snat trebbaɛ) ; s umata deg-s 3 n tizza : 1. Tiẓriⵔⵉ (ⵜthèse) ; 2. Tamegliẓri (antithèse) ; 3. Tasemlilt (synthèse). Ad d-yefk yiwen tiẓri (rray neɣ tamuɣli), ad yekker wis 2 ad as-d-yerr, ad d-yefk tanemgliẓri (tamuɣli tis 2 ara ixalfen tamuɣli tamezwarut). S umeslay, s uẓeɣẓen, s usqerdec ad uɣalen ad msefhamen, ad mwafaqen, taggara ad siwḍen ad d-teɣli talwit, ad as-d-afen tifrat ; d tifrat-a, yiwen n wass ad tuɣal d tasemlilt (synthèse). Asmi ara iɛeddi wi iɛeddan, tasemlilt-nni ad tuɣal d “la these-nniḍen”, atg.
Tiẓri
Tura ad d-nuɣal-d ɣer tmetti taqbaylit, ad nwali acu n « tɣawsiwin-a yettemnamaren». Wwiɣ-d yagi awal ɣef tuddsa tanmettit n Tmurt n Leqbayel, seg uxxam alamma d ssef neɣ, ugar, alamma d sin n yimuren n Tmurt (tamurt ufella tamurt n wadda). Rniɣ nniɣ-d belli afella (w)adda ur yerzi ara laɛli neɣ lqedd n tɣawsiwin, riɣ ad d-iniɣ mi ara d-yini yiwen Tamurt n wadda Tamurt ufella, aya ur yerzi ara “l’altitude” (laɛḷi n wadeg), lemmer akken tili d Tamurt n Ǧerǧer iwumi semman “Tamurt ufella”. D acu i d-ttnamaken ihi wawalen afella adda ?
Turda-inu, nekki, awalen-a qqnen s amezruy, ɣer lasel akked rray/udabu. D win yuɣen d amezwaru kra n wadeg i yettaɣen tama ufella ; dɣa win i d-yerzan mbeɛd amezwaru, yettaɣ tama n wadda, acku ma ur t-yeqbil ara umezwaru-nni, ma ur yeqbil ara ad yezdeɣ ɣer tama-s, ur yettili ara. Tin ɣur-s, win i d-yezwaren s amkan yettusemma d anesli (kter n wis 2), acku d bab n wakal, d bab n lasel ; ihi ma yella d netta i d bab n wakal, yettusemma daɣen d bab n rray, meḥsub d bab udabu. Aya yettili deg uɣawas n tiẓri (en théorie), deg tilawt yezmer ad yili wayen-nniḍen.
Iban-awen lḥal, win yuɣen adabu d netta d bab n rray, d netta i d-yessebdaden leqwanen, i ten-yesselḥuyen… Daymi i ttnaɣen medden ɣef udabu, i ttmettaten fell-as. Dɣa tawuri n yimussnawen-nneɣ n zik d ferru n wuguren i d-yettilin gar “tɣawsiwin-a” (ixxamen, iderma, tudrin, leɛrac, …) s wawal ; ma yella ur tt-yefri ara wawal, ad tt-id-yekcem udebbuz.
Mmeslayeɣ-d daɣen ɣef yIRGAZEN akked TLAWIN, nniɣ-d d sin n “yimaḍalen” yemgaraden am yigenni d lqaɛa. Da daɣen d tarbaɛt tamezwarut (IRGAZEN) i yernan tis snat (TILAWIN). Ma neḍfer tadyaliktit-nneɣ, ad d-nini: irgazen uɣen tama ufella, tilawin ṭṭfent tama n wadda.
Tamegliẓri
Init-d kra kunwi d kunemti …neɣ kunemti akked kunwi
Taggayt:Tafelsuft
Sacramento
Sacramento, d tamdint n Yiwunak Yeddukklen. D tamaneɣt n California. Zedɣen-tt 2.527.123 n yimezdaɣen.
NYSNC
NSYNC (/ɛn ˈs ɪŋk/, /ɪn-/; yesɛa daɣen asfel n *NSYNC neɣ 'N Sync)[3] d tarbaɛt n weqcic tamarikanit i d-ixelqen Chris Kirkpatrick di Orlando, Florida, deg 1995[1][2] yerna yebda deg Lalman s BMG Ariola Munich. [4] Aselmu n debut-nsen s yisem-nsen yettwaserreḥ s lebɣi ɣer tmurt n Tuṛufit deg 1997, sakkin ssutren-d deg wulzuz n Marikan s yiwen n "Bɣiɣ ad tuɣaleḍ ɣer deffir". Mi d-ssufɣen a ṭa s umenɣi n usaḍuf akked unemhal-nsen aqbur Lou Pearlman akked umenɣi-nsen n umezwaru Bertelsmann Music Group, album wis s in n tejmaɛt, No Strings Attached (2000), yezzenz-d ugar n yiwen n yimelyunen n yisukiwen deg yiwen wass akked 2,4 n yimelyunen n yisukiwen deg yiwet n ddurt, d aseggas i yugar xe [5][6] Sin n yiselmaden tamezwarut n NSYNC n yiselmaden n studio s ɛeddan deg sin n yiselmaden n Diamond s tezmert n Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). Leɛqel (2001) yesteqsed s 1,8 n yimelyunen n yisukiwen deg dduṛt tamezwarut-is deg Yiwunak Yeddukklen. Ticniwin am "Bye Bye Bye", "This I Promise You", "Girlfriend", "Pop" d "It's going to be me" wwḍen ɣer 10 n uqeddac deg waṭas n yiqṛaniyen n ddunit, ma d taneggarut d Billboard Hot 100 n uḍḍun amezwaru. Ula d 8 Grammy Award nominations, NSYNC performed at the World Series, the Super Bowl and the Olympic Games, and sang or recorded with Elton John, Stevie Wonder, Michael Jackson, Janet Jackson, Britney Spears, Phil Collins, Celine Dion, Aerosmith, Nelly, Lisa "Left Eye" Lopes, Mary J. Blige, country music band Alabama, and Gloria Estefan.
At Meḥmud
At Maḥmud ( Fr: Ait Mahmoud) d yiwet n Tɣiwant n tmurt n leqbayel di temdint n Tizi Wezzu, i yellan 20 km anẓul-ugmuḍ n Tizi Wezzu, aɣella-amḍiq iness d tadart n Tagemmunt Azzuz.
Tira d timselɣa
Taggayt:Taɣiwant n twilayt n Tizi-Uzzu
Karmen (Carmen)
Karmen d yiwet n tceqquft (opéra) i yurra Ǧurǧ Bizi (Georges Bizet). Yeks-i-t-id deg yiwen n udlis n Alfred Mirimi (Merimet). Taceqquft aggi tɛdda-d tikelt tamezwarut deg usegwas n 1875 deg Paris.
Mexluf Nurdin
Mexluf Nuredin d aselway n tɣiwant n Raḥya (deg Um Lebwaɣi - deg 2007), seg ukabar n Wemsegraw Aɣelnaw Amegday. Ilul deg 1958 yerna yella iqeddec d anemhal n uɣerbaz.
Lkaf (Tunes)
Lkaf (s taɛrabt : الكاف, asuqel s tmaziɣt : Icc) d yiwet tamdint n Tunest d wadeg-aɣella n temnaḍt n Lkaf.
Asideg
Lkaf tezga-d ar 175 ikilumetren seg temdint n Tunes Tamanaɣt yerna ur teggug ara seg tilisa akid Lezzayer d tmurt Icawiyen i yellan kan ar 40km. Deg useggwas n 2004, ɣur-es azal n 45,191 imezdaɣen. Tamnaḍt d temdint llant deg wakal n At Drid, yiwet teqbilt tamaziɣt n Tunes.
Yerna, amɛellem n Lkaf isem-is Sidi Bu Mexluf, yesɛa taqubatt deg temdint.
Reykyavik
thumb|right|250px|Reykyabik Tamdint n Reykyabik d tamanaɣt n tmurt n Island.
Santa Fe
Santa Fe d tamdint n Yiwunak Yeddukklen yerna d tamaneɣt n Miksik Amaynut. Zedɣen-tt 183.732 n yimezdaɣen.
Tasammart
Aẓar n wawal
Tasammart yekka-d yisem-is seg wawal "asammar". Awal-a sseqdacen-t deg Tmurt n Leqbayel, yernu yessefk ad nẓer dakk-n llan waṭas n Leqbayel deg tama n Lburj Bu Ɛririj. Deg teqbaylit, "asammar" d amkan-nni n wedrar neɣ n yiɣil ay yettḥaz yiṭij. Yuɣ lḥal, adrar d yiɣil seɛɛun sin yidisan, yiwen tettḥaz-it tafat n yiṭij, qqaren-as "asammar", ma d wayeḍ ur t-tettḥaz ara tafat n yiṭij, yedreg ɣef yiṭij, qqaren-as "amalu". Llan aṭas n yimukan umi qqaren "asammar" neɣ "amalu". Tella yiwet n  taddart deg Yiwaḍiyen, qqaren-as "Tagemmunt n Lejdid'", yella deg-s yiwen webrid qqaren-as "Abrid n Usammar", acku abrid-nni yuzga-d deg "usammar" n taddart-nni, anamek-is idis-nni ay yettḥaz yiṭij.
Muqel Daɣen
Tasamert
Louis Braille
Louis Braille ilul-d ass wis 4 yennayer 1809 yemmut ass 6 n yennayer 1852.
Yesnulfa-d agemmay n bray iseqdacen iderɣalen d wid ur nettwalli ara akken ad ɣren u ad arun yis-s. Bray qqaren s weslaf n iḍuḍan ɣef isekkilen yettwarun s wenqar n lkaɣeḍ. Assa qrib yal tamesalyt tesɛa agemmay ines n bray d acu kan taqbaylit mazal ur tesɛi wara agemmay ines n bray.
Louis Braille teṭṭef-it tiderɣelt mi yella bab n 3 n yiseggasen. Asmi yessaweḍ 10 n yiseggasen yekcem ɣer uɣerbaz ageldan n Paris i yiderɣalen d acu kan tagnit deg uɣerbaz-nni ur temgarad ara f ayen yellan anda nniḍen. Akken ad iɛiwen iman-is d yiderɣalen deg uɣerbaz yeqdec f tɣara akken ad ɣren u ad arun iderɣalen ula d nutni. deg 1839 Braille yessufɣed adlis yessefham deg-s amek zemren yemdanen ad arun s tira n bray.
Izi n wexxam
izi (Asget: izan), (assaɣ usnan: Musca domestica) d talmest n iburɣas yeṭṭafaren tawsit n yizan deg twacult tizaniyt.
Ifurkawen
• ''Aedeomyia
• ''Anopheles
Arxubazan
arxubazan d mmi_s n mmi_s n ugellid Sifaks d mmi-s n ugellid firmina yegled tagelda n masisilya
Izi n wexxam
Ifurkawen
• ''Ayurakitia
Arxubazan
leḥkem
ur yelli ara arxubazan d aḥbib n Rum. deg useggas n 157 uqbel ad d_ilal sidna Ɛisa yeḥsa marku ameqqran id-yusan ɣer tefriqt n ugafa akken ad yefru ammenuɣ n masensen d qertaj belli agellid yega igitunen ɣer tlisa n qertaj. asmi yerza ar rum ur ixemmem ara uk. srid yules-aden-d tamacahut akken ad ɣiwlen ṭṭrad mgal yiqertajiyen
Izi n wexxam
Ifurkawen
• ''Bironella
Arxubazan
idlisen
Taggayt:Tamazɣa
Izi n wexxam
Ifurkawen
• ''Borichinda
• ''Chagasia
• ''Coquillettidia
• ''Culex
• ''Culiseta
• ''Deinocerites
• ''Ficalbia
• ''Haemagogus
• ''Heizmannia
• ''Hodgesia
• ''Isostomyia
• ''Johnbelkinia
• ''Kimia
• ''Limatus
• ''Malaya
Memphis
Memphis d tamdint n tlemmast n Yiwunak Yeddukklen, tezga-d deg uwanak n Tennessee. Zedɣen-tt 676.640 n yimezdaɣen (1.280.533 s yegmamen ay d-yezzin fell-as).
Izi n wexxam
Ifurkawen
• ''Mansonia
• ''Maorigoeldia
• ''Mimomyia
• ''Nyctomyia
• ''Onirion
• ''Opifex
• ''Orthopodomyia
• ''Psorophora
• ''Runchomyia
• ''Sabethes
• ''Shannoniana
• ''Topomyia
• ''Toxorhynchites
• ''Tripteroides
• ''Udaya
• ''Uranotaenia
• ''Verrallina
• ''Wyeomyia
• ''Zeugnomyia
• †''Aetheapnomyia
• †''Eoaedes
At Tudert
Tira d timselɣa
Taggayt:Taɣiwant n twilayt n Tizi-Uzzu
Ajjiwen
Ajjiwen d taddart n Tmurt Leqbayel deg tɣiwant n Draɛ Lqayed deg twilayt n Bgayet. Ɣer-s tamudi azal n 3,000 imezdaɣ.
Tarakalt
Ajjiwen llan deg wegmuḍ n twilayt n Bgayet, teggug ɣer 35 km seg weɣrem.
Llan deg wammas n taddart i wumi qqaren Lqenṭra neɣ Tiqenṭert zdat tinezduɣin i wumi qqaren-as ass-agi "La Cité" seg iseggwasen 1970. Diɣenni, llan daɣen iderman niḍen am Tala n Meryem, Lmizab, Igudam, At Ɛebbas, Iɛyyaḍen d Tikerbes.
Portland
Portland d tamdint ay d-yezgan deg ugafa-utrim (nord-ouest) n Yiwunak Yeddukklen, deg uwanak n Oregon. Zedɣen-tt 582.130 n yimezdaɣen.
Tasdawit Ɛebderraḥman Mira n Bgayet
Tasdawit Abderreḥman Mira n Bgayet (taɛrabt : جامعة بجاية neɣ جامعة عبد الرحمان ميرة) d yiwet tasdawit taqbaylit yellan deg temdint n Bgayet di Tmurt Taqbaylit.
Teṭṭfed isem-is seg isem n uknaner aqdim n ALN Abderreḥman Mira.
Awurti n tasdawit
Tasdawit n Bgayet tesɛa sin iwurta : Targa Uzemmur d Abudaw.
Anadi ussnan
Tamhazt n unadi ussnan deg tasdawit n Bgayet tella deg usfari ameɣlal, tettwegenses tura sɣur 20 inegmiyen n unadi, yetwanesgerzen sɣur Uɣlif n Usselmed imineg d Unadi Ussnan. Asselhu n tafarest tussnant (am ɣef uɣawas n tasmekta am ɣef uɣawas n taɣara) d yiwen n iswan igejdanen i tebɣa ad ttawey tasdawit deg ukatar n ussisen ines i tallalt n unadi ussnan. Tafarest tussnant n tasdawit n Bgayet tetwesbuɣer deg useggwas 2008 s 76 tisufaɣ tigraɣlanin d 231 tiɣwalin tigraɣlanin.
Umuɣ n Inegmiyen n unadi n tasdawit n Bgayet :
Amyalel agraɣlan
Tasdawit n Bgayet tella deg timezziraz namyalel ussnan agraɣlan ameqran. Deg axleq ines, tasdawit tezmel imtawayen n imyallen ager-isdawanen am s tisdawiyin tiṛumiyin, tispenyuliyin, tikanadiyin d timarikaniyin. Tasdawit n Bgayet d amaslaḍ n aṭas iẓeḍwan igraɣlanen isdawanen : Averoès Erasmus mundus, TEMPUS, CMEP, DEF/CNRS, PCIM.
Tira d timselɣa
Bgayet Taggayt:Idles aqbayli Taggayt:Bgayet
Ljazya
Ljazya (s tefrensist: El Djazia), d taɣiwant n Um Lebwaqi, zedɣen-tt 3.318 n yimezdaɣen.
Taggayt:Taɣiwant n Um Lebwaqi
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Wolfgang Theophilus Chrysostommus Mozart, yettwassen s yisem n Mozart (27 yennayer 1756 - 5 dujamber 1791)
2 wamber
Ass 2 wamber d ass 306 n useggas (307 deg iseggasen bisekstil). Llan 59 wussan deffir-es ar taggara n useggas. 1ru wamber - 2 wamber - 3 wamber
ABBA
Idisken-nsen
Taggayt:Aẓawan
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Ẓeṛ daɣen
Taggayt:imaẓwanen
Salem Chaker
Salem Caker (ilul deg 1950 deg Yiɛezzuzen, deg tɣiwant n Larebɛa n At Yiraten, Tizi Wezzu) d amesniles Aqbayli, d aselmad n tmaziɣt, d apṛufisur n tesdawiyin deg tesdawit deg Paris d Aix-en Provence. Yeqdec Chaker deg Tsuddut Taɣelnawt n Tutlayin d Tɣermiwin Tisemranin (INALCO) i d-yezgan deg Paris seg useggas n 1989, yeṭṭef amkan n yimassanen imeqqṛanen André Basset d Lionel Galand.
Bni Fuda
Bni Fuda d yiwet taɣiwant di twilayt n Sṭif, di tmurt n Lezzayer, zedɣen-tt azal n 17,667 imezdaɣ deg useggas n 2008.
2 wamber
Imagraden iqqenen
Taggayt:Ass n wamber
Seg Yidurar-nneɣ
Seg Yidurar-nneɣ d yiwet tizlit taferfanant mechurent seg Amgaru n teslullit n Lezzayer (1954–1962).
Awalen
Awalen imaziɣen sɣur
Azday
Taggayt:Iḍrisen n tuɣac
Ɛumman
Ɛumman d tamurt n Asya, tezga-d deg wenẓul-agmuḍan (sud-est) n Tzunegzirt Taɛrabt (Péninsule Arabique).
Glossaire de philosophie
Asegzawal-a n tfelseft iḍum imegziyen d tinaktiwin n tfelseft s usizwer agemmayan. I tesmuli yettwassmeṣen, wali llista n imegziyen n tfelseft.
Torsten Frings
Torsten Frings (ilul ass 22 Wamber 1976 deg Würselen, Lalman) d amarir agreɣlan alalmani n tkurt n uḍar, yurar di teɣlamin n (Alemania 1994-1997), (Werder Bremen 1997-2002), (Borussia Dortmund 2002-2004), (Bayern Munich 2002-2005), (Werder Bremen 2005-2011),(Toronto FC 2011-2013).
Taggayt:Talalit deg wamber 1976 Taggayt:Amarir n tkurt n uḍar agraɣlan almani Taggayt:Amarir n Alemannia Aachen Taggayt:Amarir n Werder Brême Taggayt:Amarir n Borussia Dortmund Taggayt:Amarir n Bayern n Munich Taggayt:Amarir n Toronto FC Taggayt:Addal Taggayt:Tameddurt
Tamrikt
thumb|right|250px|Tamrik n Ugafa ak-d tin n Wenẓul Tamrikt neɣ Marikan d amenẓaw deg idis ugafay (umalu) n umaḍal. Tebḍa ɣef sin yeḥricen, Tamrikt n Ugafa id Temrikt n Wenẓul.
Aẓar n wawal
Awal Tamrikt/Marikan yekka-d si Amerigo Vespucci. Isem-agi urant i tikkelt tamezwarut di 25 yebrir 1507 deg yiwet n tkarḍa tarakalant. Yessufɣ-itt-id yiwen uressam n tkarḍiwin, Almani Martin Waldseemüller deg Saint-Dié-des-Vosges, isemma amenẓaw amaynut America ilmend n Amerigo Vespucci, imsilel aṭelyani.
Tarakalt
bordure|20x20px Kanada, bordure|20x20px Iwunak Yedduklen, bordure|20x20px Grinland (Danmark), bordure|20x20px Miksik, bordure|20x20px Salvador, bordure|20x20px Kuba, bordure|20x20px Bermuda (Tagelda Yedduklen), bordure|20x20px Ǧamayka, bordure|20x20px Haiti, bordure|20x20px Tagduda n Duminik, bordure|20x20px Duminik, bordure|20x20px Puerto Riko, bordure|20x20px Gwadilup (Fransa), bordure|20x20px Martinik (Fransa), bordure|20x20px Saint-Pierre ed Miquelon (Fransa), bordure|20x20px Tigzirin n Lhend umalu. bordure|20x20px Gwatimala, bordure|20x20px Belize, bordure|20x20px Honduras, bordure|20x20px Nikaragua, bordure|20x20px Kusta Rika , bordure|20x20px Salvadur, bordure|20x20px Panama, bordure|20x20px Kulumbya, bordure|20x20px Venezuela, bordure|20x20px Brazil, bordure|20x20px Tarjentint, bordure|20x20px Cili, bordure|20x20px Paraguay, bordure|20x20px Piru, bordure|20x20px Ikwador, bordure|20x20px Bolivia, bordure|20x20px Galapagos (Ikwador), bordure|20x20px Tigzirin n Falkland (Tagelda Yedduklen), bordure|20x20px Tagwiwant, bordure|20x20px Surinam, bordure|20x20px Tagwinant Tafrensist (Fransa).
Amezruy
*
Abu Ḍabi
Abu Ḍabi d tamaneɣt n Limarat Taɛrabin Yeddukklen. Tezga-d deg ugafa (nord) n tmurt, ɣef yiri n Ubagu Afarsi. Zedɣen-tt 896.751 n yimezdaɣen.
Ayda
Ayda d yiwet n tceqquft n l'opéra i yurra yiwen n utelyani umi qqaren Verdi.
Abrid amezwaru anda i d-ɛedda deg temdint n Lqahira deg tmurt n Maṣer deg useggas n 1871.
Taceqquft agi tettemeslay-d ɣef yiwet n tallit uqbel talalit n ɛissa.
Yiwen wass akken, yekker traḍ ger tmurt n Maṣer akked tmurt n Tyupia (Ethiopie). Ɣadames yella ɣef uqarruy n iṣerdasen n ugellid n Maṣer (général). Iruḥ dɣa ad yennaɣ.
Ɣadames irrebaḥ traḍ. Yuɣal-d dɣa. Mi d-yewweḍ, medden akk ferḥen yis-s ula d agellit n Maṣer. Iwakken ad yesnemmir (remercier) yefka-yas yelli-s ad-tt-yaɣ.
Maca Ɣadames akked Ayda ur friḥen ara.
Nashville
Nashville d tamdint n Yiwunak Yeddukklen, tezga-d deg uwanak n Tennessee. Zedɣen-tt 635.710 n yimezdaɣen (1.666.566 s yegmamen ay d-yezzin fell-as).
Hartford
Hartford, d tamdint n Yiwunak Yeddukklen. D tamaneɣt n Connecticut. Zedɣen-tt 1.212.381 n yimezdaɣen.
Asif n Volga
Asif n Volga d wasif n Rusya, d wasif i ɣezzif akk deg Turuft, akked 3 690 km, aɣbalu-s yezga-d seg agafa-umalu n Musku ed i yettawi ɣer Ilel Akaspi.
Benɛeknun
Benɛeknun (Taɛrabt : بن عكنون, isem aqbur : Ben Seḥnun) d taɣiwant n twilayt n Lezzayer, zedɣen-tt 18.838 n yimezdaɣen. Deg tallit n tuṭṭfa tafṛensist, llan ɣɣaren-as Ben Aknoun.
Taggayt:Dzayer Tamanaɣt
Ccerfa (Tubiret)
Ccerfa (s tefransist : Chorfa) d yiwet n tɣiwant i ɣef d-iɛedda webrid aɣelnaw wis 26 deg twilayt n Tubiret deg tdayra n Imceddalen di Tmurt Leqbayel. Deg 2008, taɣiwant n Ccerfa tesɛa (tela) azal n 16.173 imezdaɣen.
Amezruy
Yerna, Ccerfa d yiwet n taddart i yezgan tettimɣur, lhasun akken d-qqaren imusnawen n umezruy-is tlul-d deg lqern wis 12 (1100 lsɛl), imezdeɣ-ines imezwura llan di yiwet n tiɣilt i wumi neqqer tura Taddart (isem-agi n taddart d win yellan akw di tmura leqbayel). Ma d tallalit tunsibt n tɣiwant n ccefa s wazalis d taɣiwant tella-d deg useggas n 1984, akal-is ass-a yesɛa azal n 3063,91 ha, ma d imezdeɣ-ines tesɛa tura ugar n 16000 imezdeɣ.
Amafag n Dong Hoi
Tikubaniyin n tufga
Tikubaniyin i tsawin-tserran ar unafag n Dong Hoi:
Tamehla
Taggayt:Vietnam
At Smaɛil
Taɣiwant n At Smaɛil tella deg unẓul-amalu n twilayt n Tizi Uzzu.
Tira d timselɣa
Taggayt:Taɣiwant n twilayt n Tizi-Uzzu
Belwezdad
Belwezdad (Taɛrabt : بلوزداد, isem aqbur : Lḥamma Lɛinṣer) d taɣiwant n twilayt n Ldzayer, zedɣen-tt 44.050 n yimezdaɣen. Deg tallit n tuṭṭfa tafṛensist, llan ɣɣaren-as Belcourt.
Taggayt:Dzayer Tamanaɣt
Wardanin
Wardanin (s tefṛensist: Ouerdanine), d tamdint n wegmuḍ n Tunes, tezga-d af yiri n Yilel Agrakal di twilayt n Munastir. Zedɣen-tt 18,852 n yimezdaɣen.
Lansing
Lansing d tamdint n Yiwunak Yeddukklen yerna d tamaneɣt n Michigan. Zedɣen-tt 464.036 n yimezdaɣen.
3 wamber
Ass 3 wamber d ass wis 307 n useggas (wis 308 deg iseggasen bisekstil). Llan 58 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas. 2 wamber - 3 wamber - 4 wamber
Imagraden iqqenen
Taggayt:Ass n wamber
Dawḥa
Dawḥa d tamaneɣt n Qaṭar. Tezga-d deg wegmuḍ (ccerq) n tmurt. Zedɣen-tt 998.651 n yimezdaɣen.
Yuba II
Yuba wis sin (-52/50 armi -23), mmi-s n ugellid Yuba I, yella d agellid n Muriṭanya. Tameṭṭut-is tamezwarut d Cleopatra Selene II.
Taggayt:Amezruy n imaziɣen Taggayt:Isnalayen imaziɣen Taggayt:imaziɣen Taggayt:Numidya Taggayt:Amezruy n Inumiden Taggayt:Tameddurt
Tutlayin tisamiyin
Tutlayin tisamiyin d tawacult n tutlayin tettekkant di tutlayin tifrusyawiyin, i deg nezmer ad naf taɛrabt d tutlayin yettemcabin ɣur-s, am tɛebrit (tutlayt n wat Israyil) neɣ tafiniqit n zik.
Yusa-d awal agi sɣur isem n mmis n Nuḥ : Sam ass mi yessuli yal medden ar uberrabu ines, yexlf-d krad arrac, Sam, Ḥam d Yafet, yal yewen yjaḥ ar tamurt yetf-itt, d yal yiwen deg-sen immeslay tutlayt ines, Sam yefkad tutlayt tasamit, tebda tasamit f aṭas imeslayen, kra deg-sen mmuten, kra tiyad mazal-itent drent, ttmeslayen medden syisen.
Tiwelhiwin
Taggayt:Tutlayin tisamiyin
Yuba I
Yuba I (v. 85 - 46) d agellid aneggaru n Numidya usammar di tallit n -60 armi d -46. d mmi-s n Hiempsal II agellid n Numidya. deg ṭṛad yekkren ger Julius Caesar akk d Pompeius ɣef udabu, netta yefren Pompeius yedda yid-s acku yezṛa d akken ma yeṭṭef-itt Caesar a-tt-iseḥṛes ɣef Tmazgha. asmi i tt-yewwi Caesar, Yuba medlent-d fella-s tewwura, ula d wid-is unefn-as, akken ur iɣelli ara ger ifassen n Caesar, ibegs-d ad ineɣ iman-is, u ayagi s umenuɣ netta d umeddakkel-is aRumi Petreius, msenɣen, d Petreius i yemmuten d amezwaru, Yuba netta i t-inɣan d aqqeddac-is. S tmettant n Yuba I, d tallit n igelliden irbiben ara yebdun, amedya dɣa d mmi-s Yuba II.
Taggayt:Amezruy n imaziɣen Taggayt:Isnalayen imaziɣen Taggayt:imaziɣen Taggayt:Amezruy n Inumiden Taggayt:Numidya Taggayt:Tameddurt
Qaṭar
Lamir-ines d Ḥammad Bin Xalifa.
Ɛuqba Ibn Nafiɛ
Ɛuqba Ibn Nafiɛ Al-Fihri (ilul deg 622 - yemmut deg tama n Tbeskert deg 683), d ajiniṛal aɛṛab, yuzen-it wexlif umawi Muawiya Amezwaru akken ad yessiweḍ Lislam ɣer Tefriqt n Ugafa deg 670. Deg useggas-nni, yesbeded-d tamdint n Qayrawan deg Tunes. Yemmut deg yiwen n yimenɣi akked ugellid amaziɣ Aksil.
Mixayel Aleksandrubicc Bakunin
thumb|150px|Mixayel Aleksandrubicc Bakunin
Mixayel Aleksandrubicc Bakunin (s trusit Михаил Александрович Бакунин), imi qqaren tikwal Michel Bakounine, illul ass 30 di mayu 1814 di Primuxino, di tmurt n Rrus, imut ass amenzu di yulyu usseggass n 1876 di Bern, tamurt n Sswis d afilusuf awernaḍ (anarchiste). Acḥal d asseggas d Pierre-Joseph Proudhon illa-d d tala-s n tikta.
Ass-mi idder di Mosku d Saint-Petersburg illa issuqul-d imarayen ilamniyen am Hegel d Fichte ar trusit. Di 1842, yusa ar tmurt n Lalman u si imi iwweḍ imlal n ilmeẓyen inelmayen n tmurt n llalmen di Berlin. Syin, idda ar Fransa anda imlal d Proudhon d George Sand u issen-d daɣen imnejla n tmurt Polonya. Si Paris, iruḥ ar tmurt n Swiss anda izdaɣ kra iseggasen u anda ikki u igar tamawt ama s tiga am tikti d ṭaqa n imussuten inelmayen.
Ass-mi akka I illa izdeɣ di tmurt n Swiss, anabaḍ n tmurt-a ira a t-isqarqer ar tmurt-is, tamurt n Russ. Bakunin yugi. U tigin-a ines tessassa as-d tukwsa n wayen isɛa, ama d axxam ama d ayen nniḍen. Di 1848, di tuɣalin-ines ar Paris, yura kra n wawalen d imsarɣiyen mgal tamurt n Rrus u dgha anect-a iwwi yas-d tufɣa si tmurt n Fransa, ittwaqerqer-d seg-s.
Amussu agrawliw n 1848 ifka yas abrid s wayes ikcem ar gar kra n trebbuɛa ifetlen arway d tektiwin ɣef tugdut. Ikki deg umennuɣ n Dresde n 1849 u dinna dɣa I ittwarez, “taɣdemt” teddem fell-as tamgart, u ittwarez “ar laxart”. Fkan-t, neɣ rran-t, s ifassen ttwaqnen, I udabu n tmurt n Rrus, win izemmemen fell-as tawwurt n tazult u I t-yuznen, kra issegwassen s yin, ar lka n usemmar n Siberya deg useggas n 1855.
Deg useggas n 1861, deg yiwen n ttriḥ i s-fkan I kra n wussan irwel ar tmurt n Japon, d Iwunak Idduklen u tagara ar tmurt n Lingliz. S yin idder akw tudart-is di Turuft, ladɣa di tmurt n Sswis. Di 1869 issali yiwet n tdukli tasertant: Tadukli Tanemlayt n Tugdut. Maca ugin as I tdukli agi ines anekcum ar tmenzut n Tagraɣlant Inemahalen (Internationale des travailleurs), nnan as tadukli inek ulac deg-s tirrebbuɛa tigraɣlayin. Dɣa assegwass nni, tebḍa Tdukli ya u wid illan ttekkin akw deg-s ddan ar Tagraɣlant Inemahalen iman nsen, myal yiwen ansi I ikka.
Di 1870 isseker-d ahetrwel d ummennuɣ di Lyon, maca ur issaweḍ sani n kra. Maca xas ilul-d din immut din umenniɣ-a, izga, kra iseggasen s yin, d amedya di Tɣiwant n Paris. Karl Marx d Friedrich Engles ufan as anamek diɣen: tasnaraft n tigellel.
Xas akken Bakunin, si zik, ittwali di Marx tigzi ɣef sin iḍaren, maca yufa-t tikwal ittzuxu u imiren id-inna d akken abrid n Marks ar Tesnaraft ar yawwi wid iddan deg-s u ma s yis-s urǧin ad tili tegrawla tanemlayt. Bakunin iceḍ daɣen imi iwwet di Marks ɣef iẓuran-is udayen u Marks inna daɣen ɣef Bakunin belli ittargu deg iḍ deg ass u ɣef anect-a Bakunin inna-d : d tidett!
Iffeɣ Bakunin seg wannar umennuɣ di Luganu deg useggas n 1873 u immut di Bern ass n 1 di yunyu 1876. Issal-id u eǧǧa-d amussu agraɣlan awernaẓri. Tawernatt macci kan d arway, di tazwara d ameggel n tikta, d amennuɣ ɣef izerfan, d tugin n tesnaraft uwanak ɣef wudem n tugdut.
Asirem d tektiwin n Bakunin fɣent-ed deg udlis-is Ilu d Uwanek. Fell-as netta tura Madeleine Grawitz Bakunin di teẓririgin Calamin-Levy 2000.
Tamselyut
Bakunin Bakunin
Ɣardimaw
Ɣardimaw (s tefṛensist: Ghardimaou), d tamdint n ugafa n Tunes, tezga-d af yiri n tilsa akked Lezzayer di twilayt n Janduba. Zedɣen-tt 19,688 n yimezdaɣen.
Drarya
Drarya (s tefrensist: Draria, Taɛrabt : درارية), d taɣiwant n wenẓul-utrim n twilayt n Lezzayer, zedɣen-tt 44,141 n yimezdaɣen. Tezga-a ar 10 km seg wammas n Lezzayer Tamanaɣt.
Taggayt:Dzayer Tamanaɣt
Muḥemmed Cafiq
Muḥemmed Cafiq (s tifinaɣ : ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵛⴰⴼⵉⵇ) d yiwen umyaru, d amnadi, d azamul n tmaziɣt di tmurt n Merruk. Illa d anemhal usinag ageldan n yedles amaziɣ (IRCAM) alama d 2002.
Muhammad Cafiq yega ɣ imezwura lli ifrken s udem imennawen n tmagit tadelsant n Merruk. Zeɣ tizwuri n iseggwasen 60 ɣ tasut ad izrin, ad immaɣ af d ittuyassan s udem ad izzemzêlin Merrok nger timizar yâden. Kigan d tɣarasin as immaɣ ad is imel i inamuren mas d ur iqqan ad ttun tizrigin llif ttuska tmagit n Merrok, sellawent akw uggug amaziɣ. Mkan af yara ɣ tseɣunt n Afaq yan mennaw imagraden f wammak idran n umarg n tammaɣt f tmazirt lli nnan imaziɣen iseggwasen llid tekcem Fransa. Maca yan ur t yiwi ɣ uzemz an ɣ zun d awal ad. Mdden urta d ffuɣen ɣ tnaniwin llis izdâ umussu anamur asiwel nnes. Tamaziɣt tega agdal s ur isnem yan. Mkan af daɣ iswangem ad yasi imis n Lislam imennawen, lislam ur iqqen f ixef nnes. Asɣan ad ismanen imerrukiyen, yiɣi ad ibedd mnid n usiwel issimɣuren s yan udem issiwiden uggug aàrab neɣ akw azûr aàrab, illulen ɣ imula n umussu anasiriy ɣ Miser, d Lbaàt ɣ Surya d Làiraq. Mqqar d uyan, imerrukiyen sul qqent wallen nnesen f tuggt n uggugen llif ttuska tɣesa nnesen.
ɣ yan uzemz lliɣ isat usiwel n izerfan ufgan ar d ikcem tamazirt, saten mdden ar sawalen f izerf n twisi ɣ tudert tasertant, ɣ tudert tadelsant, ssaten imaziɣen ar sawalen awd nettni s izerf nnesen ɣ wawal, s izerf nnesen ɣ iɣerm. ɣin aɣ d tugga twuri izgan n Muhammad Cafiq af ad yawes ɣ tnekra n wawal d idels amaziɣ. Mad yad yara yan udlis iggezzulen f umezruy imaziɣen, adlis izdâren ad issimmim i imaziɣen awal n umezruy isreg asen ad daɣ ccen ifrawen ɣ tasɣart n wawal illan ɣ Dren, issufeɣ d amawal taàrabt tamaziɣt, d yan udlis ɣef tejrrumt tamaziɣt, yawes d yat trabut n imaziɣen ɣ usufeɣ n tseɣunt Tifawt ifkan atig igguten i tirra s tmaziɣt.
Ameskan amaziɣ ad yegan yan ɣ idêrisen igguran yara Muhammad Cafiq. Ira gis, ɣ tferka n ayelli mu ttinin asmutti adimukratiy, ad yesmun imaziɣen af ad inin amnad nnesen ɣ tizi yad n tudert tsertant n Merok.
Tamselyut
Cafiq
Zeɣwan
Zaɣwan (s tefṛensist: Zaghouan), d tamdint n ugafa-agmuḍan n Tunes di twilayt n Zaɣwan. Zedɣen-tt 16,037 n yimezdaɣen.
Asif n Danub
Asif n Danub (s talmant : Donau, s tasluvakt : Dunaj, s tahungarit : Duna, s tabulgart : Dunav, s tarumanit : Dunărea, s tukṛaniyt : Dunay), asif n Turuft talemmast , d wasif wis sin i ɣezzif akk deg Turuft deffir Volga akked 2850 km deg teɣzi.
Aɣbalu-s seg idurar n Tiẓgi Taberkant deg amalu n Lalman ed i yettawi ɣer Ilel Aberkan, yetteɛeddi ɣef 10 n timura : Lalman, Tutrict, Sluvakya, Maǧar, Kruwatya, Serbya, Bulgarya, Rumanya, Muldavya, ed Ukrayin, yetteɛeddi daɣen ɣef timanaɣin timeqqranin n Turuft em Vin, Budapest, Bratislava d Belgrad.
5 yebrir
Ass n 5 yebrir d ass 95 n useggas (96 deg iseggasen bisekstil). Llan 270 wussan deffir-es ar taggara n useggas. 4 yebrir - 5 yebrir - 6 yebrir
Imagraden iqqenen
Taggayt:Ass n yebrir
Birut
Birut (Taɛrabt : بيروت Bayrūt Talatint: Berytus, Taramit: Birot בירות, Tafransist Beyrouth) d tamaneɣt n Lubnan. Tezga-d deg utaram (lɣerb) n tmurt, ɣef yiri n Yilel Agrakal. Zedɣen-tt 750.000 n yimezdaɣen (1.900.000 s tmiwa ay d-yezzin fell-as).
Musa
right|200px|thumb|Musa akken i t-isumen unaẓur n taklut [[Michelangelo]] Musa (s tɛebrit: מֹשֶׁה Moce Mošé, s teɛrabt: موسى, Mūsā), d mmi-s n Ɛamran akked Yukibed. D ameskar, d amdan amenzawi deg idles n laɛqed aqbur. S uwehi n Rebbi, d netta i yuran ayen umi qqaren s tefranṣiṣt Pentateuque. D 5 n yedlisen imezwura n laɛqed aqbur (Genèse, Exode, Lévitique, livre des Nombres, Deutéronome), anda id iḥka tudert-is, amezruy n lejdud-is, d win n At israil.
Asmi i d-ilul, yemma-s tuga-d agellid Ferɛun ad a ttineɣ akken i yurga ilaq ad ineɣ yal llufan aɛibrani i d-ilulen imiren asmi i d-ilul Musa. Tuɣal d tegrit ar waman n Nil, s wanda i t-idekkes yelli-s n ugellid-a. Dɣa tenna-k, "MSYTHW" neɣ Mecitihu, anamek ines Kkes-aɣ-t-id seg waman. Syen i d-yekka yisem "MSH", neɣ Musa.
Daɣen llan wid iqqaren belli, isem n Musa, yekka-d si tutlayt i hedren imiren imaṣriyen, seg awal MS, anamek-is "Yekka-d", neɣ "Yefrurex-d". Llan daɣen wid iqqaren, awal-a yekka-d si tmaziɣt Mmi-s, imi neẓra Tamazɣa ur tebɛid ara af tmurt n Maṣer.
right|200px|thumb|Musa d 10 iludan sɣur Yakuc Musa yuɣal yetturebba-d seg teɣremt n ugellid Ferɛun. Asmi yuɣal meqqer, iwala amek nezfen, uḍenen, qṛeḥen wid yellan d atmaten-is deg idammen, war ma yeẓra. Wid yellan di ɛibraniyen, d iqeddacen n ugellid Ferɛun. Dɣa yiwen n wass iwala yiwen umaṣri la yekkat yiwen wergaz aɛibrani, yenɣa-t u yenṭel-it. Asmi yelḥa wawal af wannecta, dɣa yerwel si tmurt n Maṣer ar tmurt n Medyen. Yewweḍ ar yiwen wanu iḥud kra n tameksiwin n Medyen mgal kra n yergazen imeksawen. Dɣa tiḥdayin-a ar tenṭ s axxam n babat-nsent, i yellan meqq°er di Medyen. Isem-is nettaf-it ihi di Madyan Jethro (יתרו) neɣ Réuel (רעואל). Ilmend n wayen yexdem, yefka-yas yelli-s Séphora (צפורה) ad yezweǧ yid-s.
S uwehi n Yakuc, iseggasen mbaɛd, yuɣal-ed ar tmurt n Maṣer i wakken ad yefk tilelli i wegdud Aɛibrani, i yellan s ddaw uzaglu n ugellid Ferɛun. I wakken a ten-isuffeɣ seg Maṣer ar tmurt n Kanɛan. Yuzen-as-d Yakuc mraw (10) iludan, ak° d tagruma n ilugan ak° d iṣuḍaf n wejjed, timetti, d wučči. Annecta yak° illa-d deg wayen umi isemm-a Tura (Torah).
4 wamber
Ass 4 wamber d ass wis 308 n useggas (wis 309 deg iseggasen bisekstil). Llan 57 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas. 3 wamber - 4 wamber - 5 wamber
Imagraden iqqenen
Taggayt:Ass n wamber
Mɛalma
Mɛalma d taɣiwant n utaram (lɣerb) n twilayt n Ldzayer. Zedɣen-tt 20.758 n yimezdaɣen.
Taggayt:Dzayer Tamanaɣt
5 wamber
Ass 5 wamber d ass wis 309 n useggas (wis 310 deg iseggasen bisekstil). Llan 56 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas. 4 wamber - 5 wamber - 6 wamber
Imagraden iqqenen
Taggayt:Ass n wamber
At Umalu
Tira d timselɣa
Taggayt:Taɣiwant n twilayt n Tizi-Uzzu
Mulud Ferɛun
Mulud Ferɛun, Lmulud At Caɛban, d amyaru aqbayli. Illul ass 8 meɣres 1913 di Tizi Hibel di temnaṭ n Tizi Wezzu. Yemmut ass n 15 meɣres 1962 di Lebyar tama n Lezzayer tamanaɣt. I t-inɣan d amussu n O.A.S.
Tadiwennit
Teffeɣ deg l'Effort Algerien n 27 furar 1953 yesteqsa-t Maurice Monnoyer.
S lferḥ ameqran ad awen nehdu tadiwennit d Mulud Ferɛun ara isufɣen ungal-ines wis sin, Akal d Idammen ɣer tizrigin Le Seuil. Adlis-a, i d-yettwacekkren aṭas, war ccek ad isɛu azal ameqran imi yettmeslay ɣef lɣerba n iqbayliyen ar Fransa. ’’ Mulud Feraun ata da zdat-i, yusad srid si tmurt n yiqbayliyen. D acu tenniḍ ad temlileḍ yid-s tura ..? '' i d-yesteqsa Emmanuel Roblès di tilifun. Ulayɣar nniɣ-awen srid i qebleɣ. Azgen n tsaɛtt mbaɛd, win ara yeqqimen ɣur-i mmis igellil, yekcem ɣer lbiru-inu. yiwen ufus yerfed lemḍela wayeḍ aqrab n uglim.
Vung Tau
Tamanaɣt n tmurt n Ba Ria-Vung Tau, Vietnam. Tettwassen s isem n temdint n tafat.
Mulud Ferɛun
Tadiwennit
Yessers ayen ibub. Yeẓẓel afus-is yexmes yid-i s leḥmala. Mulud Ferɛun yettban amzun d imsetḥi maca mi d yuki kan s teflest neɣ laman ad yelli iman-is, yettmeslay, yettqesiṛ awen d iban ulac argaz lɛali am netta. Netta yettmeslay-d nek taɛwadɣ-as tamuɣli s tuffra. Deffir tismaqalin tettreqriq deg taṭucin-is tafat n tudert. Yessers sin ifasen iberkanen sufella lbiru. Icetiḍen i yelsa ḥman, aqerruy-is yeǧǧa-t ɛaryan , tamgarṭ-is tettban i-yid am akken tekcem deg tuyat-is seg ubalṭu aqehwani i yelsa.Udem yennecraḥ ɣas anyir tkerz-it ddunit. Acebbub d ulwiɣ, aberkan am claɣem-is i cebḥen imi-s m’ ara yecmumeḥ.
Vung Tau
Taggayt:Vietnam
Mulud Ferɛun
Tadiwennit
Siwlaɣ-d ɣef ungal-inek amezwaru.
Amafag n Tan Son Nhat
thumb|250px|right|Anafag n Tan Son Nhat
Mulud Ferɛun
Tadiwennit
-Uriɣ Mmis igellil deg ussan iberkanen n umgaru, s teftilt n ukanki.Rriɣ deg-s ayen akk yellan deg ul-iw.
Ungal a d ameddurman*, neɣ akka ?
-Ih…aṭas i fkiɣ i wakken ad yeffeɣ udlis a acku iḥuzayi laẓ di kra n ussan. ɣas akkeni imru ur yeḥbis armi ukiɣ i wayen i zemreɣ ad ggaɣ. Cciɛa i d-yewwi tesbeɣs-iyi akken ad aruɣ idlisen niḍen.
Amafag n Tan Son Nhat
Tikubaniyin n tufga
Tikubaniyin i tsawin-tserran ar unafag n Ho Chi Minh City:
Tamehla
Taggayt:Vietnam
Mulud Ferɛun
Tadiwennit
Yernad d akken ilul deg Tizi-Hibel taɣiwant n Larbɛa n at Iraten deg tama n Igawawen. Deg twacult tagellilt.
I baba-k d acu yella ixeddem ?
-D afellaḥ I yella ɣef iman-is di tallit-nni i lullaɣ maca deffir 1910 terra-t tmara ad yeǧǧ akal n lejdud yeḍfer abrid n unadi n uxeddim anda niḍen. Imir-nni Iqbayliyen ur ttinigen ara ar Fransa maca ar tama n Qsentina. Ruḥ a zzman armi yufa iman-is deg imɣizen n Ugafa, di Lens syen yedda ar tama n Paris. Yella ixeddem ar Fonderies d'Aubervilliers mi t yewwet umxix deg uxeddim.
'''Nezmer ad ninni d akken baba-k yeṛwa laɛtab akken ak n irebbi. Deg acḥal yid-wen i tellam ?'''
-Semmus (5), sin deg-sen d arrac. amaẓuẓ d aɣen d aselmad.
'Deg Mmis n igellil'', turiḍ s ubrid n ungal temẓi-inek d leqraya-k. Tewḍed ar iswi-k s iɣalen-ik. Aṭas i tɛajb-iyi tabɣest-ik….'''
-Ur zmireɣ ad ttuɣ yiwen seg iselmaden-iw id yefkan afus n tallalt akken ad i fken lbursa akken ad kemleɣ leqraya deg Tizi-wezzu akk d ENA (aɣerbaz amagnu n Lezzayer).
-Deg useggas n 1935. Seg ass-nni aṭas n tɣawsiwin i seɣraɣ ladɣa di Tewrirt Mussa, sin ikilumitren ɣef taddart- iw, seg 1946 ar 1952.
Assa aqlik-id d anemhal n uɣerbaz n warrac n Larbɛa nat Iraten …. -D tidett Akka ih, seg wayyur n tuber.
Aɣerbaz n 300 inelmaden s timeɣri tanemmadut*, tferḥeḍ ?
-Deqs-aɣ. ɣur-nneɣ aman di tbernint d trisiti. Amejjay d ufarmasyan zdat-nneɣ kan.Igerdan qqaren akken ilha acku bɣan ad lemden aṭas n tɣawsiwin.
Tzewǧeḍ ?
Newweḍ ɣer w Akal d idammen. Mulud Ferɛun yessereḥ deg meslay….nettḥulfu d akken adlis yecreḍ aṭas n wayyuren n tensuft. Adlis mazal yedder deg-s, ɣas akken atan yakan deg Paris.
Amek ik d t ussa tikti n ungal-a amaynut ?
-Tamezwarut d cciɛa n ungal id uriɣ deffir wa i-d-iyi sbeɣsen ad aruɣ wiyaḍ. Tis snat, tikti tusa-yid akken ad suqlaɣ iman (rruḥ) n Teqbaylit, ad iliɣ d anagi.Nek d aqbayli aquran d mmis uqbayli,seg mi d lulaɣ i zedɣeɣ di Tmurt-a .Iqbayliyen d imdanen am nutni am wiyaḍ.Nek aqli-yi da i wakken awen t id inniɣ. Seg mi bdiɣ tira n udlis a, yeṭafar-iyi ameddakel-iw Roblès, ɣur-s ass-a 20 iseggasen segmi tesnaɣ.Netta i yesbeɣsen di yal tikkelt yettased ar ɣur-i ar Tewrirt ad yessefqed ma kfiɣ-t neɣ ala, takerrust-is tameɣbunt aṭas i tenaɛtab deg iberdan yettalin s adrar .Ad teẓrem d akken tadukli ar ɣures macci d awal kan.
At Hamla
At Hamla (s tefrensist: Ouled Hamla), d taɣiwant n twilayt n Um Lebwaqi, zedɣen-tt 11.019 n yimezdaɣen. Deg tallit n tuṭṭfa tafrensist llan ɣɣaren-as Berteaux.
Mulud Ferɛun
Tadiwennit
Ungal n Aɛmeṛ d Marie .
At Hamla
Usunen
Usunen i yellan deg tɣiwant n At Hamla llan :
Tagelda n Danmaṛk
Tagelda n Danmaṛk neɣ Danmaṛk (s tadanict : Kongeriget Danmark neɣ Danmark (asusru ) ), d awanak deg-s kraḍ (tlata) n timura : Grinland, Tigzirin n Faru ed Tamurt n Danmaṛk.
At Hamla
Usunen
Taggayt:Taɣiwant n Um Lebwaqi
Mulud Ferɛun
Tadiwennit
ɣef acu yettmeslay ungal akal d idammen ?
Mulud Ferɛun ur d yerra awal din din. Yebda yetturar mebla ma ifaq s inziz (llastik )yufa sufella lbiru, mi t yeḍleq yeddem akeryun. Yeḍeqr iman-is ar deffir ikemmel :