cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Tacetta Tazeggaɣt
Tacta Tazugaɣt (s taɛrabt تاشتة زقاغة) d taɣiwant i yellan ar 47 km af ugafa-umalu n uzegdu n Tawilayt n Ɛin n Defla.
Tantala n imezdaɣ n taɣiwant agi d Tacenwit.
Taɣiwant n Tacta Tazegaɣt teɣlid g tilisa ak d uzegdu n Cclef
Ccraga
Ccraga d taɣiwant n Twilayt n Lezzayer ar 10 km ar utaram n wammas n Dzayer Tamanaɣt. Ɣur-s deg useggas n 2008 80.824 imezdaɣen.
Mulay Muḥend (Muḥend n Ɛabdel Krim Lxeṭṭabi)
Mulay Muḥend d anzbay amaziɣ d amerruki si temnaṭ n Arif. D aselway n tgduda n arif gar useggwas 1921 d 1926. imnaɣ akked Spenyul d Fransa. g-inas assaɣ n izem n Arrif g-int d agledun imjahden yugi ad yili d agellid n arif. Mamek yugi ad yilli d lxalif n inselmen.
Tallit d temẓi-s
Ilul deg tamdint n Ajdir deg useggwas n 1882. Yelmed af ufus n baba-s ikemmel tiɣri-s g uɣerbaz n ṣfarin d craṭin di Fas. Yuɣal-d ɣer Fas d akabar seg baba-s ssulṭan Ɛebdelaḥfiḍ iwsisfiw n umenɣi akked Bu Teɣyult ( bu ḥmara)
Asbddi n tgduda n arif
Isbedd Mulay Muḥend deg wass n 18 Ctember 1921. Tagduda taɛṣrit s Dustur D lbrlaman. Asmi ggin Imezdaɣ n Arrif tagrawla mgal Spenyul.Tamaneɣt-is Ajdir Tadrimt nns Rifan Tafugla Tanamurt ass n 18 Ctamber. Di tira s Taɛṛabt semman-as « Jumhuria Errifiya », ma Irifiyen ddmen awal nni n Spenyul, rran-t d assaɣ ( isem) Amaziɣ: « Ribublik n Arif ». Ur illa imir nni wawal n « ribublik » di Tmaziɣt Tarifit, awalnni nessen ass-a : tgduda n arif.
Awal-nni s timmad-si ifra tamsalt tameqrant. Ur tella d tagelda i –id-ilulen seg idurar n Arrif. Abrid ibṛez, yenjeṛ yesuffeɣ: tegduda n Arrif i-d-ilulen seg iẓuran n tmurt, si teqbilin akken llant. Adabu i-d ilulen yusa-d si teqbilin n tmurt, seg iɣerman akked tzeɣwa n tmurt n Arrif.
Asinf Nns
Deg useggwas 1926 ar 1947 yenfa Muḥend Abdelkrim ɣer tegzirt n La Réunion, azal n 9000 km akkin deg ilel n Lhend. Isuter acḥal n tikkal ḥuma. ad yeffeɣ si tmurt-nni.
Tamtant nns
Yemmut Mulay Muḥend di Taqahirt (Maṣer) deg wass n 6 Yebrir 1963. Yemḍel di temeqrebt n Ccuhada dinna.
Taggayt:Arrif Taggayt:Meṛṛuk
Talsasit
Talsasit (isem aneṣli : Elsässisch) d yiwet tutlayt i meslayen di Fransa di temnaṭ n Elsass.
Amezruy
Tigti deg imezdaɣ inaṣliyen ilimanen n Elsass meslayen-tt, kkes kan kra n tuddar deg utaram d wadday aydeg meslayen tafransist. Tutlayt-a tesegdel i udabu afrensis i weɣref d tenbad't di twala.
Asaka n Qsenṭina
Asaka n Qsenṭina (Tafrensist : Gué de Constantine, Taɛrabt : جسر قسنطينة) d taɣiwant n Ugezdu n Dzayer Tamanaɣt ar 10 km n wenẓul n Dzayer Tamanaɣt.
Deg useggas n 2008 ɣur-s azal n 133.247 imezdaɣen.
Ǧamila n Tferka
Ǧamila n Tferka d yiwet n tamedyazt taqbaylit ifazen. Tlul-d deg taddart n At Yemɣur, deg tɣiwant n Amecras di tama n Buɣni (Tizi Wezzu). Tura yiwen n wedlis umi tsema Tiregwa n Nnfiḍ. Atan wayen yura fell-as uneɣmas Salem Amran n weɣmis n Dépêche de Kabylie, di Yebrir 2007, tasuqilt sɣur Omar MOUFFOK.
Aṭṭuqqet n lxir ur yettḍurru. Akka ay as-yeqqar yiwen n wanzi inefɛen deg yinurar akk n tudert, ladɣa deg unnar n tmaziɣt, imi s kra n wedlis ara d-yeffɣen s yiles-a, nesteṛḥib yes-s imi ara yejj tamaziɣt ad taf amkan-is u ad tejhed. Ussan-a, yeffeɣ-d wedlis n yisefra n Djamila n Tferka, tamedyazt-nni yettwassnen deg tesgilt (nnuba) n « Tamedyazt war tilas », ay d-yettqeddim Muḥend Taferka deg BRTV. ”Tiregwa n Nnfiḍ”, ammud (recueil) n Ǧamila, d Muḥend Taferka s timmad-is ay as-d-yuran timsegrit (post-face) ay deg nezmer ad nɣer Ttawil inefɛen akk ay tesseqdac tmeṭṭut taqbaylit akken ad d-tessiwel ɣef ddunit d yiɣeblan-is d isefra. Ǧamila n Tferka tessen amek ara d-tecnu kullec s usefru, u tid yettgen am nettat, tikkwal yettwakkes-asent wawal. Adlis n Ǧamila yesɛa 180 n yisebtar yernu ulac deg-s tisuqilin (asṭerjem) ɣer tefṛansist (akken nennum nettaf deg kra n wammuden n yisefra niḍen). Taqcict-a tlul-d deg taddart n At Yemɣur, deg tɣiwant n Amecras (Tizi Wezzu). Deg wammud-ines, tefka Ǧamila amur ameqqran i tayri akken ad d-tessken i medden dakken ɣas ma yella nesmeɛreq nettu-tt, tayri dima tetteqqel-d, dima nesmektay-itt-id. Dɣa, Ǧamila tcennu ɣef wakk idisan n tayri, ula ɣef uḥemmel n tayri u mi ara nɣer isefra-ines, ur nettḥulfu i trutint, wala i uɛiwed. Isefra n Ǧamila ccuṛen d tamitafuṛt akk d tugniwin n tmedyazt. Deg usefru-ines ”Mi iḍaq ṛṛuḥ”, teqqar-d : Aman leḥḥun deg lqaɛa Mi iḍaq seg-sen igenni Ccwal selleɣ-as yettɛeyyiḍ Taṛwiḥt ihennan, temḥa Tettkemmil : Ur zmirent tejmilin Lxir-ik ad ak-t-rrent Neɣ aḥriq n tjejjigin Yal ass ma hdiɣ-ak-tent Ad yettwalas wul ddin Tamuɣli-a tumliḥt ay tesɛa Djamila teddukkel d tmussni-ines ijehden deg teqbaylit. D ay-a ay d-yettafken isefra ẓiden i tɣuri. Nnig temsalt n tayri, Ǧamila Taferka tessawal daɣen ɣef tmedyazt s timmad-is, ɣef tegnit n tmeṭṭut, ɣef waḍḍan, ɣef tmetti (société), ɣef lḥif, ɣɣef tudert, ɣef talwit d waṭas n tlufa niḍen. Deg way-n yerzan tamṣukt (structure), Ǧamila tebna isefra-ines s yiberdan yemgerraden. Kra deg-sen d iskendriyen (alexandrins), maca tebna-d daɣen ifyar (vers) s 8 n tunṭiqin (octosyllabe), akk d yisefra itteddun s ṛebɛa yefyar neɣ s ttesɛa yefyar. Tameɣrut (rime) n Ǧamila d tin ay deg teṭṭuqqet temṣ̣ukt n AAB, u tesseqdec tameɣrut tanmidegt (rime croisée). Yessefk ad d-nger tamawt dakk-n Djamila tesseqdec aṭas tamitafuṛt deg yisefra-ines, u llan kra deg-nsen, deg wezwel-nsen (titre) yagi ad tt-naf am “Ajejjig n Lekdeb”, “Tabrat i zzheṛ”, “Snulfu-iyi-d”. Ammud-a (recueil) tessuffeɣ-it-id Djamila i ddemma-ines, d acu kan, tettekka deg-s BRTV. D tiẓrigin ”Le Savoir” [Tizi Wezzu] ay t-id-yessuffɣen. Axxam-a n ussuffeɣ n yedlisen, melmi kan ay d-yebda leqdic u la yettnerni cwiṭ, cwiṭ. Ǧamila n Tferka, tesɛa daɣen zzheṛ imi argaz-ines, Salem Saɛd, yebded s idis-is, yettɛawan-itt. Tanaẓurt-a la tt-yettṛaju waṭas n lxir ɣer sdat. Ihi a Ǧamila, ɣas faṛes !
Tamselyut, Iseddagen & Izdayen Iberraniyen
n Tferka, Ǧamila n Tferka, Ǧamila
Abuja
Abuja d tamaneɣt n Nijirya. Zedɣen-tt 776.298 n yimezdaɣen.
Austin
Austin d tamdint deg tmurt n Yiwunak Yedduklen, d tamanaɣt n uwanek n Texas tezga-d rrif n wasif n Colorado, diɣ ssawalen-as Silicon Hills ,zedɣen-tt 790 390 n imezdaɣen.
Tawilayt n Cclef
Tawilayt n Cclef (susru [ch.lef ]), (s teɛrabt: ولاية الشلف), d yiwet n twilayat tazzayrit i yellan g ugafa-umalu n tmurt n Taziri. Tawilayt-a tebḍa ɣef 13 n tdayriwin:
Sidi Lḥaǧ Ḥsiyen
Sidi Lḥaǧ Ḥsiyen d yiwen seg lawliyya n lɛerc n At Weɣlis, yusa-d seg tmurt n Lmerruk ɣer tama n Semɛun rrif n Bgayet aseggas n 1350, anda i d-yeslul timɛemmert, i yellan ar wass-a, lemden deg-s inelmaden tisreḍt.
Tamselyut
Ḥsiyen, Sidi Lḥaǧ Ḥsiyen, Sidi Lḥaǧ
Yugerten
Yugerten neɣ Yugurten (Jugurtha s tlaṭinit) yella d agellid n Numidya seg ussegwas 113 armi d 104 send n Ɛisa.
Armi tgeldit n jeddi-s Masnsen, amur ameqran n imezdaɣen n Numidia llan ddren s tamɣigert, s wayagi ttemxallafen ɣef Imaziɣen-nniḍen ur nettissin ara tamɣigert imi ddren s tameksa in lmal. Masnsen ixelq-ed yiwet n tagelda (tajumma-s azal n Lezzayer n tura) akk-d yuɣal-ed d amdakkel n Roma deg 206 ST (send n tallit-nneɣ). Sakkin ma yemmut, yettwaxellf-ed s mmi-s Misipsa. Yugerten yella d aɣerfan gar lɣaci n tmurt-is, akter anagar n Misipsa, ɣef wagi aneggaru agi iceggeɛ Yugerten ɣef Hispania (isem i fkan Irumaniyen i Spanya deg tallit-nni).
Misipsa ikcem-it weɣbal imi ma ikemmel akka yezmer ad yuɣal d agellid sakkin lmut-is; deg lewqam n Misipsa d arraw-is ara a t-id-ixlefen.
Misipsa ur yesɛi zhar imi taɣerfant n Yugurten ternu akter ayen tella asmi yella deg tmurt; deg Hispania Yugerten, d amnay ifazen tizya-s, yulek tayri n kra n yemdanen yesɛan ccan deg Roma. Deg asutel n Numantia iqeddc-ed s lǧehd lwahid Gaius Marius anda yeẓra agufsu n Irumaniyen. Qqaren belli yenna-d ɣef Roma belli tella yiwet n “Temdint yerkan, i qqurben ɣef aɣelluy-ines, ara ula d yiwen a-ţ-yeɣ.”
Imi yemut deg 118 Misipsa, igelled azal n 30 iseggasen, yettwaxlef s sin warraw-is Aderbal akw d Hiemsal. Hiemsal akk-d Yugerten imeren kan bdan imenɣi-nsen; Yugurten yenɣa Hiemsal ayagi yebda daɣen yella ssiba n ttrad n Aderbal mgal Yugurten. Imi iwala belli ur yezmir ara ad iqabel Yugurten s lɛasker ines Aderbal yerwel ɣer Roma.
Imawalyen n Roma, ahat s ssiba n ugufsu-nsen neɣ s ţideţ bɣan ad fakken s uɣiwel amlasay agi, kecemen garassen, ferqen tamurt ɣef sin; Yugerten igelled ɣef utrim n tamurt, Aderbal ɣef ccerq. (iseggassen mbeɛ tazniwt n Roma teberreh belli tama n Yugerten tella axir n tama n Aderbal, teccur s lekyasa, lemeɛna is sin llan s drus n lɣaci akk-d drus n lerzaq)
Deg 112 Yugurten yerna ttrad ines mgal Aderbal, lameɛna deg tikkelt agi yesker-ed urrif n Roma ɣef yiman-is axaṭer yenɣa kra n Irumiyen i llan ttɛwanen Aderbal. Mbeɛd kra n imenɣi mgal Roma, Yugurten isselm-ed yiman-is lameɛna yerbeḥ aglam meqqren; annect agi ibedd ccek ameqran deg lweqt-nni, s tikkelt tajdidt, mgal ugufsu n imawalyen n Roma akkd Yugurten.
Useqqamu ameqran n Roma, s timelwi n aɛdaw-is Gaius Memmius, illuɛad ɣef amenzad adigan n lɛesker-is deg Tafriqt n ugafa ad yuɣal ɣer Roma i wakken ad iɛeddi di ccreɛ. Jugurten daɣen yemsaffar-ed ɣef Roma anda lɛeqliya tamekridt ines tban-ed ɣef lɣaci merra.
Agni n Yesɛed
Agni n Yesɛed (FR:Agouni Issad) d taddart deg tɣiwant n At Yeḥya.
Agni n Yesɛed
Yugerten
Imenɣi kkren-ed gar Numidia akk-d Amenkud Arumani; aneggaru agi icegɛ-ed aṭas n lɛesker ɣef Tafriqt n ugafa seddaw timelwi n l consul Quintus Caecilius Metellus.
Nijirya
Nijirya (isem-is unṣib s teglizit: Federal Republic of Nigeria), d yiwet n tmurt deg Tefriqt n Utaram, d tamurt tameqqrant deg Tefriqt s wugar n 204 imelyan n yimezdaɣ. Tezzin-as-d Niger deg ugafa, Benin deg utaram, Chad d Kamirun deg usammer, d Afrag n Guinée deg unẓul. Tamaneɣt n Nigeria d Abuja, tamdint-is tameqqrant d Lagos. Timura i yettwaxedmen deg tmurt n Nigeria d naira. Aselway n tmurt n Nigeria d Muhammadu Buhari. Nijirya tesεa tadamsa ijehden akk deg tefriqt. petrol yettɛawan mliḥ i bac ad teɣli Nijiriya ɣer tdamsa-ya. Tamurt n Nijiria deg-s kraḍ n yigduden imezwura: Awṛuppa, Igubu d Hausa
Yugerten
Imenɣi mgal Yugurten dumen kra n iseggasen mbla lexsara tameqrant n Yugurten; ɣef wagi Useqqamu ameqran n Roma yextar Marius, aɛeskri n Metellus, ad yelli d lconsul amaynut deg Tafriqt ad ikemmel ttrad agi.
Marius yella d acengu ukmir aṭas imi yenɣa ayen yella deg webrid-is. Marius icegɛ-ed amarag-is Lucius Cornelius Sulla ɣer Bukus I, agellid n Mauretania', s talilt n Bukus i-t-yedssa Yugurten yettwaṭṭef ger iffasen n Sula.
Yugurten yeqqim deg asekraf n Tullianum, deg tiɣṛemt n Roma, 6 wussan armi yemut si fad akk-d d laz.
Amezruy n imenɣi n Yugerten llan deg yiwen n tektabt s tutlayt Talatinit iwumi qqaren “De Bello Iugurthino” imenɣi n Yugerten.
Tazmilt
tazniwt = propagande
aglam = privilege
Amenzad = commandant
Iseddagen
Taggayt:Amezruy n imaziɣen Taggayt:Isnalayen imaziɣen Taggayt:imaziɣen Taggayt:Amezruy Taggayt:Tameddurt
Tawilayt n Ɛin Defla
Agezdu n Tala n Defla, (neɣ Agezdu n Tala n Ulili, s taɛrabt: ولاية عين الدفلى), d yiwen Agezdu Azayri i d ɣlin g ugafa n tmurt n Taziri. Tawilayt-a tebḍa ɣef 14 n tdayriwin:
Tisṭunit
Tisṭunit d nettat ay d tutlayt tunṣibt n tegduda n Isṭunya yernu llan wazal 1.500.000 n yemdanen ay tt-yettmeslayen di tmurt-a (95% seg yimezdaɣen n tmurt) d wazal n 60.000 n yemdanen nniḍen ay yettidiren di lɣerba, gar-asen 20.000 deg Yiwunak Yedduklen (USA) d 14.500 di Kanada. Tisṭunit tesɛa diɣ wid ay tt-yettmeslayen di Litṭunya akk d Rusya, ladɣa di temdint n Saint Petersburg, di Finland, di Sswid, di Tgeldit Yedduklen (Royaume-Uni) akk d Ustṛalya.
Tintalyin n tisṭunit
Tisṭunit tebḍa ɣef snat n tentalyin (dialecte) timeqqranin, tisṭunit n Ugafa (nord, neɣ tin umi qqaren tisṭunit n Talinn, tamaneɣt), akk d tisṭunit n Wenẓul (sud, neɣ diɣ tin umi qqaren tisṭunit n Tartu), am wakken yal yiwet si tentalyin-agi tesɛɛa tiduntalyin-is (sous-dialectes), nezmer ad d-nebder seg-sent tiduntalyin timulgiyin ay ttmeslayen deg wenẓul utrim (sud-ouest) akk d tduntalyin n Voru Setu ay ttmeslayen deg wenẓul agmuḍan (sud-est). Ma d tisṭunit n ugafa, nezmer diɣ ad tt-nebḍu d tiduntalyin u ad d-nebder seg-sent : taduntala n tegzirin, d tisṭunit ay ttmeslayen di tegzirin n Saaremaa akk d Hiiumaa, ay d-yuzgan deg utaram n Isṭunya, deg yilel Abalti; taduntala n yiri n lebḥeṛ n ugafa-agmuḍan ay icuban mliḥ tafinlandit; takodaveret ay ttmeslayen di tmiwa n Kodavere akk d Maarja Magdaleena, akk d tduntala tutrimt (taɣerbit) ay ttmeslayen deg yiwen n weḥric meqqren di tmurt, yekka-d ɣef tmiwa n Laanemaa, ɣef ugafa n Parnumaa akk d utaram n Harjumaa. Xas ma yella anect-agi akk n tentalyin ay tesɛa tisṭunit, maca yezmer ad d-yili wemsefham s tentalyin-agi merṛa ger n wid ay yettmeslayen tisṭunit. Tutlayt tizeɣt (standard) akk d tsekla ay tesseqdac ass-a Isṭunya d tin ay d-yekkan si tentala n tisṭunit n ugafa, d acu kan, tisṭunit n wenẓul tesɛa diɣ ula d nettat tasekla tatlayt (littérature orale), d tamedyazt, ay yesɛan ma cwiṭ, 350 n yiseggasen seg wasmi ay d-tennulfa.
Tira-s
Tikkelt tamenzut i deg ay tekcem tisṭunit s annar n tira, d imassanen almaniyen ay tt-yuran, dɣa taɣdirawt (orthographe) ay sqedcen wigi i lmend n tira-s d tin ay iqerben ɣer teɣdirawt n talmanit u ɣef wanect-a ay d-yeqqim wedriz (lateṛ) n tira talmaniyin di tid n tisṭunit alammi d talemmast n lqern wis 19. Si 1850 d asawen ay bdan Yisṭuniyen a snernayen taɣdirawt-nsen akken ad tt-rren d tizeɣt (standard), dɣa bdan tekksen s kra n wayen yellan d aberṛani di tirawt-nsen (écriture) u ttaran-d deg wemkan-is isekkilen ara ten-yedǧen ad d-neṭqen tutlayt-nsen akken tt-id-netṭqen di laṣel, maci akken tt-id-inetṭeq uberṛani. Agemmay ay tesseqdac ass-a tisṭunit yesɛa 17 n tergalin (consonnes) akk d 9 n teɣra (voyelles).
Tasɣent-is* di tmetti
Ass-a, tuɣal tisṭunit tizeɣt d nettat ay d tutlayt ay yettuseqdacen yernu ay yettwaqeblen deg yeswiren (niveaux) merṛa n tmetti. D acu kan, asmi ay tella Isṭunya s ddaw n udabu asuvyati, d tarusit ay yellan d tutlayt tamenṣabt tawḥidt yernu ɛerḍen Yisuvyatiyen ad mḥun tisṭunit akk d yedles isṭuni si tmurt-a, maca ayen ɛerḍen ad t-xedmen ur d-yewwi ara abaɣur meqqren, imi ay kemmlen medden ttmeslayen tisṭunit yernu lemmden-tt di tmiwa merṛa n tegduda, yernu igerdan ay d-ilulen si jjwaǧ n Yisṭuniyen akk d Yirusiyen llan ula d nitni lemmden tisṭunit. Di 1990, yessebded-d unabaḍ isṭuni Aseqqamu n Tutlayt Taɣelnawt i lmend n weḥraz akk d ussebɣes (encouragement) n usseqdec n tutlayt tisṭunit. Ass-a, xas ma yella tarusit mazal tesɛa azal-is di tmurt-a yernu nezmer ad d-nini tettusemma d "tutlayt tamenṣabt" tis snat, tisṭunit attan a tettuselmad yernu tettuseqdac deg yiɣerbazen yernu win yebɣan ad yuɣal d aɣarim (citoyen) isṭuni tewwi-d fell-as ad yissin tutlayt-a. Deg ugafa agmuḍan (nord-est) n tmurt, anda yettidir umur ameqqran akk deg Yirusiyen n Isṭunya, mazal llan yiɣerbazen irusiyen, d acu kan, maci d ahucal (obligatoire) ɣef medden ad sseɣren igerdan-nsen deg-sen. Tisṭunit ay ttmeslayen yiminigen Isṭuniyen di lɣerba --d tisṭunit ay llan ttmeslayen-tt yeɣriben iṛuḥen ɣer Marikan di tallit n Wemgaru Amaḍlan (guerre mondiale) wis sin-- temxallaf citṭ ɣef tisṭunit tizeɣt yettuseqdacen ass-a di tmurt, maca mazal wid yettmeslayen tisṭunit di lɣerba zemren ad fehmen wid ay tt-yettmeslayen di tmurt. D acu kan, ilaq kan ad d-nger tamawt d akken kra seg wayen ay d-uran yeɣriben s tisṭunit yemxallaf ɣef wayen d-ttarun ass-a wid yellan di tmurt, imi tutlayt ay llan ttarun-tt zik di lɣerba amzun iɛedda-tt zzman ass-a, mi akka ay snernan Yisṭuniyen tutlayt-nsen di tmurt-nsen.
Tamselyut, Iseddagen & Izdayen Iberraniyen
S
Tadanict
Tadanict (isem aneṣli : dansk) d yiwet tutlayt tagermanikt i meslayen di tmura n Danmark, ugafa n Lalman ed wenẓul n Sswid ed tegzirt n Grönland. Meslayen-tt azal n 5.200.000 n yemdanen deg Danmark (5.100.000), Lalman (50.000) ed Sswid. D tutlayt tunṣibt n tgelda n Danmark ed tama ugafa n Lalman (deg uland n Schleswig-Holstein)ed Grönland aked Tinwit.
Amzeruy
Amezruy n tutlayt adanict tebda deg sin n wakuden: tin n tadanict taqburt (seg lqern wis 13 ar lqern wis 16) d win n tadanict tatrart (si lqern 16 ar ass-a). Tutlayt-agi tebda tettwari di lqern wis 13. Talmanit tebda tettaɣ deg-s seg uwettay alemmas.
Ak tikli n umezruy, Danmark texṣar aṭas n wakal-nnes. Skanen, i tella deg tama wenẓulan n Sswid, tella si lebda d tadanict, maca di 1658, tekkes-tt Sswid. Aḥewwes-a izzuɣar ar uḥewwes aseklan d ilsawan imɣaren, alemma tura, tadanict tadigant, ur ɣur-es iqqim usqari ula d umsawaḍ ak iles asmagnu n Danmark. Tettwḥsab d yiwet tantala niḍen seg wawalen n Sswid. Ula d tutlayin ammen it-teḥṣaben. Ɣur-es iteqqnen arwas gar tadanict d taswidit. Imezdaɣ n temnaṭ-nni ur ɣar-sen iqqim laṣel adanic.
Tadanict tella deg-es kraḍ (3) n tantalwin : tutrimt, talemmast d tunegmuṭ (anda iccden tilisa aked Sswid). Maca ass-a, tantalawin-a ttmettan, teqqim kan yiwet.
At Aḥmed
At Aḥmed (FR:Aït Ahmed) d taddart deg tɣiwant n At Yeḥya.
At Aḥmed
Ilel Azeggaɣ
Ilel Azeggaɣ d afurk seg Ugaraw Ahendi, yezga-d gar Tzunegzirt Taɛṛabt akked Tefriqt. Tajumma-nnes 438.000 km2 (yikilumitren imkuẓen).
Ilu
vignette|160x160px|[[Talmest|Tilmas n yiluten (seg asawen uzelmaḍ ar tayeffust) : ilu n Savana n Tafriqt,  ilu n Asya ed ilu n tiẓegwa n Tafriqt.]]
Ilu, , neɣ Ilef neɣ daɣen lfil , , , , d timsuṭad, d aɣersiw yedder i imeqqṛen akk deg wakal.
Idgan n tudert ed tilmas
Ilu yettidir s waṭas deg Savana, usuki ed tiẓegwa, ed yetidir daɣen deg tineẓrufin, iberburen ed timnaḍin tinabgasin aɛlayen ed adu-mezzayen deg Tafriqt d Asya.
Llan kraḍ n tilmas n yiluten :
Hindi Zahṛa
Hindi Zahṛa d yiwet n tcennayt Tamaziɣt tameqqṛant, tlul aseggas n 1979 di Xuribga Tamurt n Meṛṛuk, tettidir di Fṛansa seg useggas 1993, tcennu s tutlayt Taglizit d Tmaziɣt/Tacelḥit.
Tameddurt
Aseggas n 2010 tessufeɣ-d Hindi Zahṛa aḍebsi-yines amenzu Handmade i tt-yeǧǧan ad tawi araz Constantin 12 Nunber 2010,. Ass n tza di Fuṛaṛ useggas 2011 tewwi ayen umi qqaren Victoires de la musique Aḍebsi i d-yufraren di Cna Umaḍal Handmade.
Tacirra
thumb|200px|Cirra azeggwaɣ, [[Fransa|Agezdu n Vendée (Fransa)]] Tacirra d aẓru ilan (yesɛan) timeẓri n tifarkitin, dɣa yetwegzem s tfilin tusdidin neɣ s tifarkitin n uẓru. Yezmer ad yili d-aẓru n talaɣt, neɣ d aẓru yetbeddelen timeẓri-ines ddaw weẓɣal yakk d wadad.
Di tsut tis mraw d smus, di tmurt n Ṭṭalyan tella tcirra n talaɣt tettuswmres am ufanim yettaken ajeṛṛiḍ s yini igan gar n aberkan d udemdam i ussuneɣ n yimdanen.
Ẓeṛ daɣen
Taggayt:iẓra ibaliɣanen Taggayt:Tinegwa tigamanin Taggayt:Tacirra Taggayt:Tilmas n yiẓra
Qublay Xan
Qublay Xan mmi-s n ugellid Tulwi mmi-s n ugellid Ǧengis Xan, d yemma-s n ugellidt Sarqwati Beji, d gma-s n ugellid Monko Xan, ugellid Hulako Xan d ugellid Arig Buqa. Asmi yella Menku Xan yeṭṭef-it ccɣel-is deg unẓul n Ccinwa, yeǧǧa gma-s ἀριγaq Buqa d amḍebber-is deg tmanaɣt Qaqrakarum, mi d-yewweḍ lexbaṛ n lmut-is yerra-d Arif Buqa iman-is d agellid ɣef ukersi n tgeldit n Imugulen. Maca Qublai yugi-t, deffir n umennuɣ n ṭṭraḍ, yeṭṭef Qublay akersi n tgeldit n Imugulen, yerra iman-is d agellid n Imugulen deg useggas n 1259 deg useggas n 46 iseggasen.
Amcic
Amcic (Assaɣ usnan: Felis catus) d aɣersiw asuṭad amseksum yeṭṭafaren tawacult n tserɣuda, yessemgurd-it ufgan seg zik ɣef anect-a imusnawen ɣilen d akken yusa-d seg ubeṛṛay.
Aglam
Amcic d aɣersiw meẓẓiyen maca ɣas akken yettusismel deg yiwet n twacult umi qqaren imcac imeqranen akk d yizem, aɣilas d weksil, iɣersiwen-a yakk qqaren-asen Tiserɣuda. Llan yemcac izagiren akked yemcac imegruden.
Azuk n wemcic d win yettilin gar n 4 ar 7 kg (tikwal yettawaṭ ar 10 kg), yezmer ad yidir gar 12 ar 15 iseggasen. Maca llan waṭas n yemcac yettiwden ar 20 n iseggasen.
Amcic ila (yesɛa) accaren i yezmer ad ten-yesnejbad neɣ ad ten-id-yessuffeɣ melmi i yebɣa, tinli n tmeskiwt ɣer wemcic d tin yernan (iɣelben) s waṭas n tikkal.
Aqbil
Aqbil neɣ At Weqbil d taɣiwant deg twilayt n Tizi Wezzu deg tdayra n Uṣqif n Ṭmana. Deg 2008, tesɛa azal n 8898 imezdaɣen.
Tira d timselɣa
Taggayt:Taɣiwant n twilayt n Tizi-Uzzu
Ɛebban Ṛemḍan
Aban Ramḍan neɣ Ɛebban Ṛemḍan d argaz asarti aqbayli, i gelan d amenzawi deg umezruy n tagrawla tazzayrit D netta i yellan d aqerru n tegrawla, d amsertay ugar n ukabar Tirni n Uslelli Aɣelnaw FLN.
Timeḍrit d ussinen
Ilul Ɛebban Ṛemḍan ass n 10 yunyu 1920 deg Tmurt n Leqbayel; taddart-is d Iɛezzuzen i d-yezgan tama n Larebɛa n At Yiraten. Baba-s qqaren-as Muḥend u Ferḥat, yemma-s qqaren-as meradi Faṭima, tḥemmel-it aṭas acku yella d anelmad ifazen ger tezyiwin-is. Yesɛa sin n watmaten : Ɛmaṛ akked Lmulud,d yiwet n uletma-s : Ɛini.
Yekcem ar uɣerbaz amezwaru deg useggas n 1928, yewwi-d aselkin n ussinen amezwarue (CEP) di 1933. Yella d anelmad ifazen ladɣa di tusnakt akked tussna, meɛna ixuṣṣ cwiṭ di teɣdirawt.
Mi d-yewwi aselkin n ussinen amezwaru, Ɛebban Ṛemḍan iṛuḥ ɣer Leblida akken ad ikemmel dinna leqraya-s deg tesnawit n "Duveyrier" (Tasnawit Ibn Rucd tura),acku deg lawan-nni, ulac aṭas n tesnawiyin imi tamurt n Dzayer tella ddaw temḥarsa n Fransa. Dinna i yemyussan akked Benyusef Benxedda,Saɛd Daḥlab,Lamin Debbaɣin,Mḥemmed Yazid akked Ɛli Bumenǧel. Ikemmel leqraya-s dinna daɣen akken iwata, yeẓwar ugar di tusnakt akked tussniwin meɛna ixuṣṣ di tsekla ladɣa taɛrabt akked tfelsuft.
Yewwi-d Lbbak (BAC) n tusnakt deg useggwas n 1942.
Amennuɣ ɣef uzarug n tmurt n Lezzayer
Deg tallit-nni i yebda yettfaq s yir tagnit i ttidiren Izzayriyen, ayen i t-yeğğan ad yeḥbes leqraya-s, ad imal ɣer tsertit. Ikcem s Amussu i Unalak n Tlelliyiin Timagdayin (MTLD, Mouvement Pour le Triomphe des Libertés Démocratiques). Deg useggwas n 1947, yuɣal d imdebbeṛ deg ukabar-a, yerna yettikki deg tuddsa tuffirt (O.S., Organisation secrète) i yella tettheggi ttṛad mgal Fransa. Adabu n Fransa ifaq yes-s, dɣa yeṭṭef aṭas n yimeɣnasen n umussu, yeḥkem-asen s lḥebs. Ɛebban Ṛemḍan yettwaṭṭef ula d netta, deg useggwas n 1950. Yennuɣ deg lḥebs almi yuɣal yettuneḥsab d ameḥbus n tsertit, yesaa azref ad iɣer idlisen d yeɣmisen. yettekki deg useqqamu n 12 id-yettwafernen iwakken ad iseddu tagrawla di tuber 1954 ɣas akken imir-nni mazal-it di lḥebs maca zran ur s-d-yegri ara aṭas i wakken ad d-yeffeɣ.Yeffeɣ-d deg yennayer 1955. Yerra ɣer taddart-is yeqqim kra n wussan s imawlan-is akked yemdukal-is. Syin iṛuḥ ɣer temdint n Lezzayer, anda i yuɣal d amasay n Tirni n Uslelli Aɣelnaw sdaxel n tmurt. Seg meɣres 1955 ar mayyu 1956, yessaweḍ Ɛebban ad yesdukel akk imussuten d yikabaren izzayriyen yellan niqal ur ttemsefhamen ara, akken ad ttekkin deg ttṛaḍ n uslelli aɣelnaw. Yumen d tadukli i yessawaḍen. D Ɛebban Ṛemḍan i d-iheggan agraw n ṣṣumam anda i heggan lsas i tegrawla n Lezzayer,d netta i yesbedden aɣmis n Lmuǧahid,de netta daɣen i s-yessutren i Mufdi Zakariya iwakken ad d-yaru izli aɣelnaw azzayri "Qassaman".
Mlalen yergazen d tlawin n tegrawla deg Uzellagen, deg Ɣuct 1956. 20 n wussan, nutni ttmeslayen ɣef liḥala n tmurt d umennuɣ n izzayriyen mgal amnekcam afṛansis. Dinna i d-ffɣent tektiwin sweyes ar a teddu tegrawla akwd tid iɣef ar a ters Lezzayer n uzekka.
Timenɣiwt-is
Ɛebban Ṛemdan yemmut di leɛmeṛ-is 37 iseggasen, yettwanɣa di l'Merruk ass n 27 dujamber 1957. Ɛebban Ṛemḍan d netta i d bab n tegrawla, d netta i yessawḍen ad yesbed lsas i tegrawla n Lezzayer maca xedɛent yemdukal-is akken xedɛen merra agdud akw d tmurt n Lezzayer.
Tamselyut, Iseddagen & Izdayen Iberraniyen
Ɛebban Ɛebban Ɛebban Ɛebban
Tutlayt taɛrabt
Taɛrabt ttinin-as daɣen taserɣint d tutlayt i ttmeslayen aɛraben, Taɛrabt tettekka deg tutlayin tisamiyin am Taɛebrit neɣ tafiniqit n zik, nettat i d tamezwarut gar-asen, 280 melyun ay ttmeslayen-tt.
D tutlayt tunṣibt deg 27 n tmura (Akk timura taɛrabin, ula deg Israel) u d tutlayt taɣelnawt deg Mali, Senegal, d Somalia. Tutlayt taɛrabt tettwura s ugemmay aɛrab u tesɛa (tli) aṭas n tantalyin, kra seg-sen ttemgarradent, amedya : aɛrab alubnani ur i fehhem ara taɛrabt tamerrukit u vis-versa.
Tira n teɛrabt, deg-s 28 isekkilen yettwarun seg uyefus ɣer uzelmaḍ.
Tamedyazt
Yezmer a nebḍu (anferaq) ger sin n timedyazin : tamedyazt n weqbel lislam, tamedyazt n deffir lislam, qaren-as s teɛrabt "Taǧahilit" meɛna-s urtisent, g lawan-nni, aɛraben llan ɛad ur ssinen ara Leqran, f anect-agi, llan ttarun, Ttmeslayen, Ttaznen s tmedyazt.
Tiwelhiwin
Ɛ
At Ɛenṭar
At Ɛenṭar (FR:Aït Anteur) d taddart deg tɣiwant n At Yeḥya.
Iseɛdiyen
Ayt Zidan neɣ Iseɛdiyen d yiwen seg 6 n wusufen (widak niḍen gan d: Ayt Idris, Imrabṭen, Imweḥḥden, Ayt Mrin d Yiɛalawiyen) iy nebḍen Ameṛṛuk seg useggas n 1554 alamma d 1636. Tamenrut (tamanaɣt) n uwanek n Wayt Zidan tella d Fas, sin akin tuɣal d Amurakuc seg useggas n 1603.
At Ɛenṭar
At Ɛenṭar
Iseɛdiyen
Imenɣi mgal Irumiyen
Iseɛdiyen sseɣlin tawacult tanerkumt (tuḍɛift) n Yiwaṭṭasen deg useggas n 1554, yerna bdan ttnaɣen mgal n Ispenyuliyen d Yipurtugizen i yeṭṭfen kra seg temdinin n teftisin n Umeṛṛuk. Tamaneɣt n Yiseɛdiyen tella deg temdint n Amurakuc. Deg 1578, agellid Sebastian Amezwaru n Purtugal akked ugellid Felipe wis Sin n Spanta ddukklen akken ad sseɣlin agellid Ɛebdelmalek n Merruk.
Deg yimenɣi n Qṣer Lekbir, Ɛebdelmalek yessaweḍ ad ten-yernu ma yemmut, yerna ula d agellid n Purtugal "Sebastian", yemmut deg yimenɣi-nni. D aya i yeǧǧan agellid Felipe ad yenbeḍ ula d tamurt n Purtugal. Ma d agellid Ɛebdelmalek yekkus-it (ixlef-it) gma-s Ḥmed Lmenṣur.
Tibergent
Llan aṭas n yimukan deg Ldzayer umi qqaren Tibergent. Deg twilayt n Mila (deg ccerq n tmurt-nneɣ), ger Ǧiǧel d Sṭif, tella yiwet n temdint d tamecṭuḥt qqaren-as "Tibergent". Daɣen, tella yiwet n taddart deg tama n Ḥemmam Melwan, deg Waṭlas Ablidi, qqaren-as "Tibergent". Deg Tmurt n Leqbayel, awal "tibergent" anamek-is d aɛecciw imdewwer, iseqqef s wedles (d yiwen yemɣi ttseqqifen yis-s ixxamen n zik akk d yiâecciwen). Aâecciw d axxam-nni yebnan s wesɣar u yesleɣ s wakal, tteffren deg-s medden amâic i lmal (iɣersiwen : izgaren, iɣyal, akraren, tiɣeḍḍen), ma d "tibergent" d aâecciw meqqren ciṭṭaṭ u yemgerrad (yemxallaf) ɣef uâecciw n menwala imi ay d imdewwer. Ur ẓriɣ ara ma yella deg teqbaylit n Ḥemmam Melwan (ay d-mazal la tt-ttmeslayen ar ass-a), "tibergent" qesden-d yis-s ay-n ay d-nesqed nekni, yernu bɣiɣ diɣ ad ẓreɣ ma sseqdacen awal-agi deg tentalyin timerrukiyin. ɣer Yimuhaɣ, awal "tabergent" anamek-is d aqiḍun yettwaxedmen s weglim ay deg yella ucebbub. Yuɣ lḥal, Imuhaɣ ttgen iqiḍunen-nsen s weglim, yernu, s umata, aglim-nni yedbeɣ u ttekksen-as acebbub (cceɛr), maca aglim ay yes ttgen "tabergent"-agi ur as-kkisen acebbub. Imuhaɣ ttsemmin daɣen isem n "Intabergent". Isem-agi yekka-d seg "In" (win), rnu-yas "tabergent", anamek-is "bu tbergent". Isem-a d aklan n Yimuhaɣ ay yellan ttsemmin-t s waṭas.
Taggayt:Taɣiwant n twilayt n Mila
Iseɛdiyen
Imniren
Taggayt:Amezruy n Umeṛṛuk Taggayt:Amezruy
Arthur von Ramberg
Arthur von Ramberg, yelule-d Arthur Georg Ramberg as n 4 ctamber 1819 di Vienne dɣa yemmut ass n 5 fuṛaṛ 1875 di Muncen, d ameklay utrici d amaslaḍ n ugaru n Muncen daɣen yexdem aṭas di Lalman.
Tameddurt
Ramberg yekka-d seg tawacult n ifesyanen, baba-s Georg d agenses-marechal n igen utrici. Tawacut t-awey-d azwel n baron deg useggwas 1849. Gma-s d ajiniṛal-baron Hermann von Ramberg Hermann von Ramberg (1820-1899). Ramberg ula d netta yawey-d azwel n baron n tagelda n Bavaria deg useggwas 1875, yettssiwen ar taǧǧalt-is d arrawen is deg useggwas 1878.
Yeɣer di Hanover dɣa yexdem Grand Tour ines di Ṭṭalyan, di Majaṛ daɣen di Styria. Yekcem deg useggwas 1840 ar tasdawit n Prag. Yuɣal d abalmud n Julius Hübner deg takadimit n tiẓuriyin tucbiḥin n Dresde deg useggwas 1842. Deg tallit agi yesbeɣe-d Zzwaǧ n ikeḍwanen (ɣef leḥsab n Goethe) d Amenkad Henri I deg taḥemla di Majaṛ.
Ramberg yeṛuḥ deg useggwas 1850 ar Muncen, anda yesseḍru tikla n tawsit dɣa yessuqqel imuhal n Schiller. Yetwasem aselmad deg ugaru n tiẓuriyin tucbiḥin n Weimar deg useggwas 1860 daɣen sḍis iseggwasen sakin ar takademit n tiẓuriyin tucbiḥin n Muncen. Yessemter i Albert Keller ad yuɣal d-ameklay. Ramberg yesbeɣ sakin Tasenbert n Frédéric II di Palermo, Hermann d Dorothée (ɣef leḥsab n Goethe), d Louise (ɣef leḥsab n usefru n Voss). Ramberg yella daɣen d ameskar n tafreskut n taxxamt n Luther deg Tiɣremt n Wartbourg.
Ramberg yella daɣen d imsuneɣ, am i Ageldun n imqerqren, yetssutren sɣur grande-duchesse n Saxe-Weimar. Yesɛa-d am abalmud Wilhelm Georg Ritter.
Arthur von Rambert d ayyaw-amecṭuḥ n umeklay Johann Heinrich Ramberg (1763-1840) dɣa d ɛemmi-s n umeklay n tagriwa, August von Ramberg (1866-1947)
Taggayt:Ameklay utrici Taggayt:Ameklay almani n timiḍi wisXIX Taggayt:Talalit deg ctamber 1819 Taggayt:Tamettant deg fuṛaṛ 1875
Baja
Baja d yiwet temdint n Tunes deg twilayt n Baja ar ugafa n tmurt gar wasif n Mejerda ed yilel. Deg useggwas n 2014, zedɣen-tt azal n 109,299 imezdaɣen.
At Buteččur
At Buteččur (FR:Aït Bouchtchour) d taddart deg tɣiwant n At Yeḥya.
Taseɛdit Yasin
Taseɛdit Yasin neɣ Taseɛdit Yasin-Tituḥ d tamusnamdant (anthropologue) tazayrit seg Tmurt n Leqbayel, teqdec aṭas ɣef yedles akk d tsekla tamaziɣt u temɛawan d waṭas n imdanen iqedcen ɣef tmaziɣt. Taseɛdit tejmeɛ-d aṭas n yeḍrisen n tsekla timawit tamaziɣt n Tmurt n Leqbayel am akken tezrew (étudier) u tesleḍ (analyser) iḍrisen niḍen. Tessuffeɣ aṭas n yedlisen ama ɣef tsekla tamaziɣt neɣ ɣef tmetti n Yimaziɣen. Deg yedlisen-is, tessuqul-d (tesṭerjim-d) iḍrisen imaziɣen ɣer tefransist.
Taseɛdit Yasin tlul-d s yisem n Taseɛdit Titouh. Deg 1985, tesbedd-d akk d Lmulud Mɛemri, tasɣunt n "Awal". Tasɣunt-a d alug n tezrawin (cahier d'études) ay d-yelhan d tmetti d tutlayt n Yimaziɣen.
Maca uqbel ma tesɛedda dduktura-yines, tella tebda la d-tessuffuɣ idlisen. Yiwen seg yedlisen-is, "Lounis Aït Menguellet chante", d Kateb Yacine s timmad-is ay as-d-yuran tazzwart, yernu d tazwart-agi ay d adris aneggaru akk ay d-yura Kateb, deg Ctember n 1989, aggur uqbel ma yemmut.
Ass-a, Taseɛdit la tqeddec d taselmadt deg Uɣerbaz n Tezrawin tiɛɛlayanin n tussniwin timettiyin (Ecole des hautes études en sciences sociales - EHESS deg Paris).
Wagi d umuɣ n yedlisen akk ay ssawḍeɣ ad ten-id-afeɣ yines :
1987 :
1988 :
1989 : Adlis-a yeffeɣ-d deg Ldzayer deg 1990, ɣer teẓrigin n Bouchène.
1993 :
1995 : Tiẓrigin "La Decouverte/Awal", Paris ISBN 2707124192.
2001 :
Yasin
Tasut tis 20
Tasut tis 17 | Tasut tis 18 | tasut tis 19 | Tasut tis 20 | Tasut tis 21
Iseggasen 1900 | Iseggasen 1910 | Iseggasen 1920 | Iseggasen 1930 | Iseggasen 1940
Iseggasen 1950 | Iseggasen 1960 | Iseggasen 1970 | Iseggasen 1980 | Iseggasen 1990
Ibudraren
Tira d timselɣa
Taggayt:Taɣiwant n twilayt n Tizi-Uzzu
Tasut tis 20
Tasut tis 20 d talit n wakud i y-sentayen (i beddun) seg wass n 1 yennayer 1901 tettfakka ass n 31 dujamber 2000. Tasut tis 20 d tallit yeččuren d inelfuyen (ineḍruyen) imazrayen am umsenɣi amadalan amezwaru d wis sin. Yakk d tneflit meqqren n illalen n umesni d usiwel. S umata, tasut tis 20 tella d tallit anda teǧǧuǧǧeg teknussna
At Lqayed
At Lqayed d taddart id yezgan di tama n Wegwni Geɣran, deg Iwaḍiyen. Tettwasen s yexxamen-ines iqburen yeqimen aken i llan zik. Deq-s imeraḥen id ittruḥun ɣers a ttwalin.
Tamselyut
At Lqayed
At Bufares
At Bufares (FR:Aït Boufarès) d taddart deg tɣiwant n At Yeḥya.
At Bufares
The Doors
The Doors d icennayen Iwunak Yedduklen n rock. Zenzen ugar si 100 imelayn n yidisken.
Indunisya
Indunisya d tamurt n wenẓul-agmuḍan (sud-est) n Asya. Tajumma-nnes 1,904,569 km2 (yikilumitren imkuẓen). Zedɣen-tt 252 n yimelyunen n yimezdaɣen. Tamaneɣt-nnes d Jakarta.
Lubnan
Tezga-d tmurt n Lubnan g ugemmud alemmas. Isem-is s teɛrabt لبنان Lubnān, neɣ ﺍﻠﺠﻤﻬﻮﺮﻴﺔ ﺍﻠﻠﺒﻨﺎﻨﻴﺔ al-Ǧumhūriyya al-Lubnāniyya ("Tigduda n Lubnan"). Tamanaɣt ines d Birut.
vignette|Lubnan
Taggayt:Timura n Asya
At Crif
At Crif (FR:Aït Cherif) d taddart deg tɣiwant n At Yeḥya.
At Crif
Nikola Kopernik
Nikola Kopernik d amussnayyur, aẓar-is d apuluni. Ittwassen s teẓri I d-iqqaren : iṭij d areggag (ur ittmimiḍ ara) di tlemmast n umeɣrad (univers). Amaḍal itezzi ɣef yiman-is abrid i wass, deg usseggwas ɣef iṭij (système hélicocentrique).
Kupernik ilul ass n 19 di furar 1473 di temdint n Torun di tmurt n Pulunya, gar twacult n imzenza d yinawuren (fonctionnaires). Xal-is Lukas Watzelrude imended ɣef tɣuri ines. Deg usseggwas n 1491, Kupernik ikcem ɣer tesdawit n Krakubi, syin akkin iruḥ ar tmurt Ṭelyan ad iɣer tussna n tijjit d wezref di Padu (tasdawit anda isɣer, kra n 100 issegwassen d asawen, umussnaw ameqqwran Galili).
Deg usseggwas 1500, ifka isaragen ɣef tussnayyurt di Rome. Deg usseggwas 1503, Kupernik ikfa Duktura-ines n uzref, di Ferrare.
Seg usseggwas 1503 ar usseggwas 1510, Kupernik illa ɣer xal-is di Plogne. Gar usseggwas 1507 d usseggwas 1515, ikfa adlis ɣef tussnayyurt De Hypothesibus Motuum Coelestium a se Commentariolus. Deg usseggwas 1512, Kupernik ittekka di tesmilt I teknawt (comission de réforme) n uszemz. Deg usseggwas 1517, yura-d adlis ɣef isurdiyen, ibda lsas n udlis-is De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium I ikfa deg usseggwas 1530.
Zzat tegrawla takupernikit, imussnawen la d-qqaren: amaḍal ur ittmimiḍ ara. Tiknurin (planètes) illan tezzint I umaḍal.
Anagraw akuperniki (système de Copernic) ibedd ɣef: - Yiwet : amaḍal itezzi deg yiwen wass ɣef yiman-is, deg usseggwas ɣef iṭij. - Tis-snat, tiknurin nniḍden zgant tezzint ɣef iṭij.
S waya, Kupernik isebrurez-ed amek illa wass d yiḍ. Maca, ayen i d-inna, di lqern XVI, d kra kan imussnawen I t)irefden; I t-yumnen; tugett ugin ayen I d-yenna; ayen id- yufa.
Tamselyut
Taggayt:Tussna Taggayt:Tameddurt Taggayt:Amesnallun apuluni Taggayt:Amesnallun n timiḍi wisXVI Taggayt:Tasnallunt tabuḍant Taggayt:Tugna n taglizt takaṭulit tapulunit Taggayt:Amyaru n tutlayt talatint Taggayt:Tugna tapulunit n timiḍi wisXVI Taggayt:Tugna n Pruss Taggayt:Anelmad n tasdawit n Bulunya Taggayt:Anelmad n tasdawit Jagelun n Krakubya Taggayt:Talalit n 1473 Taggayt:Talalit di Toruń Taggayt:Lmut n 1543 Taggayt:Amezruy n unnay n Meɣres Taggayt:Wikipedia:Afecku n tuqqla n imeɣriyen
Alefsiw
Alefsiw (Assaɣ ussnan: Squalus squatina) d tagrawt n iweqqasen deg tewsit n ilefsiwen (Squatina), Tafekka n ukefsiw-a d tufrict yettidir deg yijdi n wadda waman (deg tilqi n yilel s 150 m), Talmest-a tettwasismel d talmest yettwaggzen s umihi n wengar ɣer Tiddukla tagreɣlant i taggaẓt n tgama
At Jbara
At Jbara (FR:Aït Djebara) d taddart deg tɣiwant n At Yeḥya.
At Jbara
Kanada
Kanada d tamurt d-yezgan deg ugafa n Temrikt, unagraw Atanltik deg usammar ar Ugaraw Amelwi deg usamar ar ugafa deg ugaraw Atlantik. D tamurt tameqrant akk tis snat deg umaḍal deffir Rusya. thumb|Kanada
Akal yettusemman assa Kanada zedghent azal n alef iseggasen ihendiwen. Di tagara n lqern wis 15 bdant ibritaniyen d ifransiyen ttsasen akken ad nadin, syen zeghen deg rrif n unagraw atlanti. Fransa tedja qrib ayen thar deg Fransa tamynut i Britanya deffir ttrad n sebaa iseggasen n 1763.deg 1867, 3 temnadin deg temrikt ugafa tabritanit dduklent akken ad weqment tamurt tafidiralit n 4 temnadin. deg 1867, Nova Scotia d New Brunswick dduklent deg tfidiralit n Kanada.... . Tafidiralit n Kanada s 10 temnadin d 3 akalen ines tesaa aberlman ,ixef n ddula d tagellidt Queen Elizabeth II. d tamurt yesaan snat tutlayin timensabin, taglizit d tefransist.Kanada tettekki deg G8, NATO, akk d Commonwealth of Nations, dFrancophonie, d United Nations.
Di Kanada tella Tiddukla Tadelsant Tamaziɣt di Ottawa-Hull.
Azar n wawal
Awal kanada yekka-d seg tutlayt tayirukwayt n St. Lawrence kanata, anamek nines "taddart". deg 1535, imezdagh insaliyen n temdint n Kibik n wassa sqedcen awal agi akken as mlen abrid i Jacques Cartier ar taddart n Stadacona. syen Cartier yughal yesseqdac awal Kanada akken ad yemsslay ghef taddart nni d temnadt nni irkelli n Donnacona (ameqran n taddart n Stadacona); mi nessawed 1545, idlisen d tikardiwin tiurufiyin bdan ttsemayen i temnadt akk Kanada.
seg tazwara n lqern wis 17 d asawen,tamanadt n Fransa tamaynutd yegan rrif n wasif n Saint Lawrence d rrif n timedwa timeqranin negh Geat Lakes semman-as Kanada, tmanadt bdan ibritaniyen ghef sin, Kanada ufella Upper Canada d Kanada n wadda Lower Canada, armi n usdukkel nsen deg temnadt n kanada Province of Canada deg 1841. deffir n weskar n tkunfidiralin n kanada Confederation deg 1867, isem Kanada yettwafren ad yili d isem unsib n tmurt.
Amezruy
Taggayt:Timura n Temrikt Taggayt:Timura n Ddunit Taggayt:Kanada
Ziland Tamaynut
Ziland Tamaynut d tamurt n Tukyanust, tezga-d deg wenẓul-agmuḍan (sud-est) n Ustralya. Tamurt-a tebḍa ɣef snat tegzirin d timeqranin: Tigzirt n Ugafa ed Tegzirt n Wenẓul. Tajumma-nnes 268.021 km2 (yikilumitren imkuẓen). Zedɣen-tt 4.393.500 n yimezdaɣen (Inyuzilanden). Tamaneɣt-nnes d Wellington.
Tazunegzirt taɛrabt
Tazunegzirt taɛrabt (S teɛrabt: شبه الجزيرة العربية) d tama tasnamurt id yezgan deg wenẓul-utrim n umenẓaw Asya, Yesnelsa-tt-id seg utaram (umalu) Yilel Azeggaɣ (ay tt-yebḍan ɣef Tefriqt), seg wenẓul Agaraw Ahendi, seg usamar Ilel aɛrab ed Ubagu Afarsi. Tajumma-ynes 2.730.000 km2 (yikilumitren imkuẓen).
thumb|250px|Tagertilt n Tazunegzirt Taɛrabt seg [[agenda|ugensa]]
Imezdaɣ
Zedɣen-tt 77.983.936 n yimezdaɣen.
Tafinit
Tafinit (isem anesli : suomi) neɣ Tafinlandit, tasuwumit d tutlayt i meslayen deg Finland(4.800.000), agafagmuḍ n Sswid, agafataram n Rrus, Agafa n Nurwij, Agafa n Isṭunya. D tutlayt tunṣibt ak iles niḍen n Finland.
Tettwaḥsab d tadersi tagherfant: Agafagmuḍ n Sswid, Agafataram n Rusya.
Comentaris Infinlanden, qqimen aṭas qqnen a Sswid d tsekla tugmiḍt. Taswidit, tutlayt n waṭas imsuggen i yezedɣen deg iftisen ifinlandiyen, tuɣal d tutlayt tameqqrant n Finland. Maca, tafinit ur twattu akk, di lqern wis 15, llan kra i yettarun-t, yerna adlis amezwaru i iqqimen yura s tutlayt-a nettat n tizi n lqern wis 16, asmi tebda tkennawt
Iles asmagnu itwasexdmen zi lweqt-nni, immers x wawalen anz'ulagmud'an. Di lqern 17 d lqern 18, taswidit tuɣal d tutlayt tunṣibt, n tsekla d tɣuri tameqrant. Mi tekcem Rrus f Finland di 1809, ibeddel lḥal. Tafinit, illan d awal n uzgen ameqran n medden, tebda th'ewwas igran usexdem deg ill n lqern wis 19. Di lweqt d yiwet, ak taneflilt n tseklant tafinit, s tmessna n wensay n wegmuḍ n uwanek, tebda imessel tutlayt tasmagnut, illan d tamunt (compromís) gar awalen inẓuligmuḍan d win utrimen.
Deg tfinit, iles irewsen di testunit, nettaf sin n waggayen n wawalen.
At Lḥaǧ
At Lḥaǧ (FR:Aït El Hadj) d taddart deg tɣiwant n At Yeḥya.
At Lḥaǧ
Paul Verlaine
Paul Verlaine ilul deg 30 meɣres 1844 deg Metz (Fransa), immut deg Paris di 8 yennayer 1896. D amedyaz afransis ameqqran.
Amawal
Amawal d adlis anida llan awalen n tutlayt neɣ taɣult n urmud, awalen ttmizwaren-d akken i-d-mmizwaren isekkilen ugemmay, yal yiwen yid-s tabadut, asegzi d unamek ines.
Paul Verlaine
Ayen Yura
thumb|300px|right|[[Un coin de table par Henri Fantin-Latour (1872) Verlaine yezga-d ar ukessar ar tama uzelmaḍ d Rimbaud yeqqim yid-es]]
Taggayt:Tameddurt Taggayt:Amaru Verlaine, Paul
Amawal
Tamesluyt
Taggayt:Tasekla
Sydney
Sydney d tamdint n wenẓul-agmuḍan (sud-est) n Ustralya, tezga-d deg uwanak n Tmurt n Yigaliyen n Wenẓul. Zedɣen-tt 4.504.469 n yimezdaɣen. D nettat ay d tamdint tameqrant akk deg Ustralya.
Maziɣ
Maziɣ, s yisem-is unṣib, Kasuri Ɛabdella ; S tefṛansist, KASSOURI Abdellah, d yiwen ucennay n tmurt n Leqbayel, n taddart n wagarsafen, taɣiwant n At Yeǧǧaṛ, id yezga id yezgan deg-wusamar n Tizi Wezzu, ilul di 17 mayu 1976, deg At wizgan (Buzgan).
=Tameddurt n Maziɣ=
Temẓi-s
Di 1957 ; Lemḥella n wefṛansis tesṛeɣ taddart n wagarsafen, Imawlan n Maziɣ fɣen si taddart am nutni am imezdaɣ-is, ṛuḥen zedɣen deg At wizgan ( Buzgan). Maziɣ yekred di twacult anda bab-as yetturar snitra, yemma-s tessefray, tett-dekkir. Asmi yesɛa tam (8) iseggasen, yebda yetturar abendayer ; Si temẓi-s yella iḥemmel aṭas ad isell iycennayen iqbuṛen am Ccix Lḥasnawi, Sliman Ɛazem d wiyaḍ nniḍen… Iḥemmel daɣen ad iḥesses iycennayen atraren id yewwin amaynut i tezlitt taqbaylit, am  Ṭayfa, Lmugaṛ, Inas mazel d Aɛli Ɛemṛan … Maziɣ, Ass-a yetturaren aṭas n wallalen n uẓawan, amundul, tajewwaqt d ddarbuka…
Abrid n Cna
Deg-wuseggas n 1999, Mustafa Benaǧi yeldi-yas tiwwura yeskecmit ad yittiki di tarbaɛt n <Lzayer ttamaziɣit> (Groupe Algérie Berbère, (Le G.A.B)), dinna yella yetturar snitra, abendayer d darbuka… Deg-wuseggas n 2001, tarbaɛt-agi n <Lzayer ttmaziɣit> (Le G.A.B), tessufɣ-ed tasfift-is tanezwarut, izwel-is «A qui le droit». Deg-wuseggas n 2002, Maziɣ, yefɣ-ed si tarbaɛt-agi n <Lzayer ttamaziɣit> (le G.A.B), igezmitt di ṛṛay-is aken ad ikemmel tikli-s deg-webrid n can waḥdes, dinna yebda yettaru isefra i iwẓawan n tezlatin yessewjad. Deg-wuseggas n 2009, yezzid s annar n can, netta d kra n yemdukal-is, d izli n tmaɣṛiwin ixdemen lwaḥid, kra degsen :
Nafaɛ Kasuri (NAFAA KASSOURI) d Lyazid Buɛebba (LYAZID BOUABBA); llan yakan zik di tarbaɛt n Afṛuẓaf (AFROZAF)
Syinna akin, yebda yessewjad yiwen udebsi, izwel-is <Tajmilt iwnaẓuṛ>, ttajmilt i waṭas inaẓuṛen, Aladra inaẓuṛen n tmurt n leqbayel.
=Tamselyut=
=Leqdic nniḍen=
Lord Byron
George Gordon Byron (ilul deg 22 yennayer 1788 deg Dover – yemmut 19 yebrir 1824 deg Messolonghi, Grig), d amedyaz abriṭani yerna d yiwen seg yimeqranen ay yessefran deg tallit n tṛumantit (romantisme).
Isefra-nnes
Isefra-nnes iwezlanen She Walks in Beauty (Tetteddu s ccbaḥa), When We Two Parted (Mi akken nemsefraq) akked So, we'll go no more a roving, rran-t mechuṛ. Byron iga-d daɣen isefra aydeg texleḍ tesrit (prose) am Childe Harold's Pilgrimage akked Don Juan. Llan aṭas ay t-yettwalin d netta ay d amedyaz ameqran akk n Briṭanya Tameqrant.
Tameddurt
Ɣas ma yella d ameṛkanti, Byron yella yettṣerrif aṭas n yedrimen am wakken ay yella yettwalas ḍḍlaba d tameqrant. Yella iḥemmel aṭas n tsednan, yerna iḥettem iman-nnes ad yedder d imennejli. Lady Caroline Lamb, d tamarut yerna d yiwet seg tmeddukal n Byron, tenna-d [Byron] "d ameslub, diri-t yerna tamussni-nnes tettawey s axeṣṣar". Asmi ay yenker wemgaru n uzarug (guerre d'indépendance) n Legrig (ay yebɣan ad tebḍu ɣef Umenkud Aɛetmani (Empire Ottoman)), Byron yedda ad yennaɣ ɣer yidis n Yegrigiyen. D acu kan, mi yella deg temdint n Messolonghi, teṭṭef-it tawla yerna tessaweḍ-it ɣer tmettant. Ass-a, Igrigiyen mazal ttarran-as tajmilt d tameqrant.
Taggayt:Tameddurt Taggayt:Amedyaz
Aqerru (taɣiwant)
Tira d timselɣa
Taggayt:Taɣiwant n twilayt n Tizi-Uzzu
Taza-Lḥusima-Tawnat
Taza-Lḥusima-Tawnant nettat yat n tmnaḍt si 16 n tmnaḍin tiqdimin n Lmerruk.
At Ḥamaduc
At Ḥamaduc (FR:Aït Hamadouche) d taddart deg tɣiwant n At-Yeḥya.
At Ḥamaduc
Tayidict
Tutlayt n yidic, qqaren-as daɣen tudayit tajermanit d tutlayt i ttmeslayen udayen n tmurt n Lalman, Arjentin, d udayen n timura n turuft n umalu, udayen-nni qqaren-asen Ackinazen.
Tasiwelt n uẓar
Tasiwelt n uẓar d yiwet taɣara iwakken ad n semmi i ufaris yettwelqeḍen neɣ yettwaxdamen deg yiwen amkan aguccal, s tṛumit qaren-as "appelation d'origine".
Azyam
Azyam d assaɣ imezdi id yesskanayen kra n temsuṭad tiwlalin d tsafin yeṭṭafaren tafesna n tzemkiyin, Llan wazal n 40 n telmas n izyamen yeẓẓunin ɣef 17 n tewsitin
Azyam d ufgan
Deg kra n yideggan n umadal aksum n uzyam d win yettwaččen. Maca agla ameqran s wacu yettwassen uzyam d tigzi (tiḥerci) meqqren ayen yeǧǧan afgan ad t-yessexdem i wsedhu d wurar
Tukyanust
Tukyanust (Océanie) d yiwen seg yimenẓawen (continents) neɣ iḥricen imeqranen n umaḍal, d win ay d-ijemmlen Ustralya akked wakk timura ay d-yezgan deg Ugaraw Amelwi ur yettwaqqnen ɣer Asya. Tajumma-nnes 8.536.716 (km2) yikilumitren imkuẓen. Zedɣen-tt 35.670.000 n yimezdaɣen.
At Hicem
At Hicem (FR:Ait Hichem) d taddart deg tɣiwant n At Yeḥya.
At Hicem
Zhengzhou
Zhengzhu d tamdint tameqqrant n tmurt n Ccinwa.
Taggayt:Timdinin
Da Lat
Da Lat d tamanaɣt n tmurt n Tay Nguyen, Vietnam. Tettwassen s isem n temdint n tafat.
Taggayt:Vietnam
Ifnayen Ilmaten
Ilmaten d yiwet n temdint d tamecṭuḥt tuzga-d deg twilayt n Bgayet, deg tama n Yefnayen. Tama n Yelmaten tettwassen s ufexxar-is aqdim, u din ay d-ilul ucennay ǧamal Ɛellam deg 1947. Isem n "Ilmaten" d asget (pluriel) n "alma". Zik daɣen, ula d Boudouaou (yiwet n temdint tuzga-d ger Ldzayer d Bumerdas) qqaren-as "Alma". Muḥend U Ssaɛid Bulifa (Boulifa), deg yiwet n tmawalt n tmaziɣt, yessuqqel-d "alma" s wawal afrensis "jardin". Dɣa ula d nekni nessumer-d deg tmawalt-nneɣ n tmaziɣt tatrart (moderne) ad d-neqqar "alma azayez" (jardin public), alma n yiɣersiwen (jardin zoologique), alma n yemɣan (jardin botanique) akk d welma n yigerdan (jardin d'enfants).
At Hala
At Hala (FR:Aït Hela) d taddart deg tɣiwant n At Yeḥya.
At Hala
Star Wars
Star Wars ur n i fkan tawtilt imi seg later atan mazal azaran ahat kecmen talalit uqbel Darth Vader azal ar n Lucasfilm d wid akk anda George Lucas.
Kilimanǧaru
Kilimanǧaru (Kilimanjaro), d adrar n uburkan yezga-d deg agafa n Tanzanya sdat tilist-is akked Kenya, d adrar i ɣezzifen akk deg Tafriqt, ɣezzif s 5 895 n lmitrat,.
At Mlal
At Mlal (FR:Aït Mellal) d taddart deg tɣiwant n At Yeḥya.
Aristot
Aristot (s tegrigit Ἀριστοτέλης, 384-322 Qε) yella d afilusuf agrigi. Ilul-ed g teddart n Stagire g tmurt n Tmaqdunit (Masedwan). Yezdeɣ g Atena, yella d anelmad n Platon g takadimit.
At Mlal
At Mlal
Aristot
Taggayt:Tafelsuft
Qubrus (tamurt)
Qubrus d tmurt ed tegzirt i-d yezgan deg Yilel Agrakal. Tebḍa deg sin i yimuran : yiwet Tagrikit deg wenẓul, yiwet taṭerkit deg ugafa. Qubrus d amaslaḍ n Tdukli Turufit, tamanaɣt-is d Niqusya. Deg useggwas n 2015, zedɣen-tt azal n 1,141,166 imezdaɣen.
Finland
Finland s talɣa taɣezfant tagduda n finland (s tfinit : Suomen tasavalta ; s tsewidit : Republiken Finland) tamurt n ugafa n Turuft,tagmamt di  tdukla n turuft  zedɣen-tt azal n 5,486,198 imezdaɣen deg 2015. Tamanaɣt-is d Helsinki.
tezga-d rrif n yilel abaltiq deg ugabu n botnie ɣer umalu ak d ugabu n finland ɣer unzul.
Alessandro Manzoni
Alessandro Manzoni ilul deg 7 meɣres 1785, yemmut deg 23 mayyu 1873 (ar 88 iseggasen). D amaru aṭelyani.
Ayen Yura
Taggayt:Amaru Taggayt:Tameddurt
At Mendil
At Mendil (FR:Aït Mendil) d taddart deg tɣiwant n At Yeḥya.
At Mendil
Iɛekkuren
Iɛekkuren (Yakourene s tefṛensist) d yiwet n temdint d tamecṭuḥt tuzga-d deg twilayt n Tizi Wezzu (Dzayer), u d taɣiwant iqerben ɣer Iɛeẓẓugen (Azazga). Taɣiwant n Iɛekkuren zedɣen-tt azal n 11.000 n yimezdaɣ
Amezruy
Isem n Iɛɛekkuren yekka-d seg "aɛekkur". Deg teqbaylit, "aɛekkur" d "taɛrurt", d ay-n ay d-irefden seg kra n tɣawsa, iga-d "aɛrur", icuff-d, ur yeɛdil ara. Mi ara d-tiniḍ "usu-nni iga akk d iɛekren", anamek-is dakk-n usu-nni ur yeɛdil ara, ur yessi ara mliḥ, ur yemsawi ara. Neqqar-d daɣen "aɛekkur" i "wunjug", meḥsub ay-n ara d as-ireglen i walbaɛḍ abrid, ur t-yettaǧǧa ara ad yeg ay-n yebɣa, ur yettaǧǧa ara ad yaweḍ s ay-n yessaram. Mi ara s-nini : leflani yessen kan ad d-yeg iɛekren i wakk-n ur nxeddem ara ccɣel-nneɣ, anamek-is dakk-n icewwel-aneɣ, dima itteg-aɣ-d uguren i wakk-n ur aɣ-yettaǧǧa ara ad nfak ccɣel-nneɣ.