cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Reḥmaneyya
Reḥmaneyya d taɣiwant n wenẓul-utriman n twilayt Ldzayer, zedɣen-tt 7.396 n yimezdaɣen. Deg tallit n tuṭṭfa tafṛensist, llan ɣɣaren-as Sainte-Amélie.
Taggayt:Dzayer Tamanaɣt
Maqareyya
Taggayt:Dzayer Tamanaɣt
Vatikan
Vatikan d awanek amecṭuḥ yak deg umaḍal. Ɣur-s 770 imezdaɣ. D Vatikan i d lqebla n n wesɣan amasiḥi akatulik. Yusa-d deg tlemmast n Roma, tamaneɣt n Ṭelyan.
31 tuber
Imagraden iqqenen
Taggayt:Ass n tuber
Tasengama
Tasengama (S Tegrikt: φυσική) (S Teqbaylit d awal uddis: Tusna + Agama neɣ Tusna n ugama) d tusna yeɣɣaren timidranin tigejdanin am tfasa d tdusi d wakud d wayen yakk id yettasen deg-sent am tkura n tenga d umussu-ynes, S umata tasengama d tasledt tamatant n ugama d tallunt d tarrayt n umahil nsent
Baji Qayed Ssebsi
Baji Qayed Ssebsi (ilul deg 29 wamber 1926 deg Sidi Bu Saɛid), d aselway n Tegduda n Tunes. D argaz n tsertit yerna d abugaṭu atunsi. Deg wass n 27 fuṛaṛ 2011, aselway Fuad Mebazaɛ yerra-t d Aneɣlaf Amezwaru n Tunes deg wemkan n Muḥemmed Ɣennuci. Sakkin, yesnulfa akabar Nida Tunes deg 2012, i yernan aṭas n isutal deg Tifranin Tisnagalanin n 2014 deg Tunes (élections législatives).
Taggayt:Tunes Taggayt:Tasertit Taggayt:Tameddurt Taggayt:Talalit deg wamber 1926
29 duǧember
Ass 29 dujamber d ass wis 363 n useggas (wis 364 deg iseggasen bisekstil). Llan 2 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas. 28 dujamber - 29 dujamber - 30 dujamber
Imagraden iqqenen
Taggayt:Ass n dujamber
Iɣrem
Muqel Daɣen
Iɣrem
30 duǧember
Ass 30 dujamber d ass wis 364 n useggas (wis 365 deg iseggasen bisekstil). Yella 1 wass deffir-s ar taggara n useggas. 29 dujamber - 30 dujamber - 31 dujamber
Imagraden iqqenen
Taggayt:Ass n dujamber
Asegmi
thumb|250px|Asegmi
Asegmi neɣ (llufan) d ameẓyan n ufgan seg mi ar ad ilul alamma yessebded (yeḥbes) tuṭṭa ɣer yemma-s
Asegmi ɣer iɣersiwen isem-is aknuz
Ɛin Benxlil
Ɛin Benxlil d yiwet tɣiwant n twilayt n Nnɛama. Tesɛa 3.720 km2 deg tjumma-s, yerna deg 2008 ɣur-es azal n 12.632 imezdaɣ.
Tamaziɣt n Ǧerba
Chelha n Iqellalen neɣ Chelha (Chelha : Tamaziɣt neɣ ddwi jjerbi) d tantala tamaziɣt i ttmeslayen deg Iqellalen
Tameslayt Chelha tettwameslay dɣa deg kra n tuddar n tegzirt-aggi (tama n wadda akw tama talemast n tegzirt-aggi am Iqellalen). Deg tuddar n ufella n tegzirt-aggi, ulac aṭas n medden yesnen chelha.
Lḥerrac
Lḥerrac d taɣiwant n twilayt n Ldzayer, zedɣen-tt 48.869 n yimezdaɣen. Deg tallit n tuṭṭfa tafṛensist, llan ɣɣaren-as Maison-Carrée.
Sidi Mḥemmed
Sidi Mḥemmed d taɣiwant n twilayt n Ldzayer, zedɣen-tt 67.873 n yimezdaɣen. Deg tallit n tuṭṭfa tafṛensist, llan ɣɣaren-as Mustapha.
Lḥerrac
Taggayt:Dzayer Tamanaɣt
Sidi Mḥemmed
Taggayt:Dzayer Tamanaɣt
Tusnakt
Tusnakt d tussna yimḍanen s umata, tettwa sileɣ s tmusniwin timadwanin (connaissances abstraites) s tallat n izebzan imeẓlan (raisonnements logiques) ɣef tmiḍranin (concepts) am yimḍanen (nombres), tanezgit (géométrie), tiskiwin (structures) neɣ iseɣwal (transformation). Tusnakt tbedd daɣen ɣef taɣult n tegmi (recherche) iy ssendalen (developpe) timusniwin, akk d wayen it sselmad.
Aẓar n wawal
Amghar
Tusnakt d awal id yussan deg sin wawalen ilelliyen tussna d kti (tussna= science, ket = mesurer; tusnakt= science de mesure (mathématiques), tussna n wektay).
Awal n tusnakt d awal amaynu iss nefka deg tmiḍi agi nneɣ, uqbel Imaziɣen neɣ Leqbayel d wid yesseqdacen tu'snakt d acu s tutlayin nniḍen, ama deg tusnakt ama deg tussniwin nniḍen, am augustin
Amezruy
thumb|[[Euklid (euclide)]] Uqbel ad tili tira nezmer ad nin belli amdan (l'homme) yesseqdac yakan tusnakt. Taɣawsa tamezwarut id ibegnen tiwezatin n wesiḍen (compétences de calcul) d'iɣes n Ishangoig llan 20000 iseggasen uqbel tallit agi nneɣ.
tusnakt tzegerd krad (3) imecwaren (étapes) anida tura (amyag aru) tilawt (existence) ines:
1 - taɣerma tagrikit (civilisation grecque)
2 - taɣerma n teneslemt(civilisation islamique)
3 - talalit Turufit ( renaissance européenne)
4- Timidi (siècle) tis XX (20 s telatinit)
Taɣulin n tusnakt (domaines des mathématiques)
Tusnakt tebḍa ɣef sin(2), krad(3) neɣ uquz (4) yeḥricen imezliyen(différents) i tezga tesseqdac : aljiber(algèbre) d wesebrurez(analyse) neɣ aljiber, asebrurez d tenezgit(géométrie) neɣ daɣen Aljiber, Asebrurez, tanzeggit akk d tadwala (probabilité). Tilissa ger weḥric d wayeḍ ur banent ara akken igerrez, axaṭṭer llan aṭṭas n igemmaḍ ig ssawalen ɣer tewzatin tusnakin(compétences mathématiques) id yussan m yal aḥric. Amaɣil n Wiles(théorème de Wiles) ittwa seɣser deg useggas n 1994, d amedyat anyari(arithmitique) d acu aneggaru-agi issaswal i kra n teɣawsiwin yellan deg iḥricen nniḍen am wesebrurez d tenezgit i wakken ad nbeggen tasenẓayt(démonstration) ines.
Tigmi deg tusnakt
Tigmi tusnikt (recherche mathématique) ur d ḥudd ara kan ɣer tsenẓayt n imaɣilen (démonstrations des théorèmes),
Usitya n Wenẓul
Tagduda n Usitya n wenẓul, tewwi-d azarug ines seg Jurjya deg 26 ɣuct 2008. Tamanaɣt : Tshinvali Tutlayt tunsibt : Tusitit akk d trusit. Imezdaɣ : 70 000 ( deg 2000) Temɣer : 3 900 km2. Isurdiyen : Rubel arusi. Aselway : Eduard Kokoity.
Tusnakt
Timeslayin tusnikin
Tameslayt n tusnakt tesseqdac daɣen Izumal (symboles).
Assab yellan ger tusnakt d tussniwin nniḍen (les mathématiques et les autres sciences)
Tusnakt tesseqdac assaben usligen d tussniwin nniḍen. Asebrurez n yegtilen (analyse de données) yessawal ɣer tewezzatin n tusnakt. Merra tussniwin tiquranin, taragit n yegna ines tessawal ɣer wesebrurez usnik iɣ mellen ugar n yegtilen i mgal tajrut.
Tusnakt d tesnagayt (mathematic and philosophy)
thumb|[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Gauss, « Ageldun n tusnakt »]]
Taggayt:Tusnakt
Negrin
Negrin d yiwet tɣiwant n twilayt n Tbessa, deg 2008 ɣur-es azal n 9.445 imezdaɣ. Amɣiwan-nnes d Xaled Lexḍar seg Tirni n Weslelli Aɣelnaw.
Liechtenstein
Liechtenstein d yiwet tamurt tamecṭuḥt deg Turuft Talemmast yerna ɣur-s 30 000 imezdaɣ. Tezga-d ɣef yiri n wasif n Rhein, deg idurar n Alpen, ger Teswist akked Tutrict.
Ḥasi Lefḍul
Ḥasi Lefḍul d yiwet tɣiwant n twilayt n Jelfa, deg 2008 ɣur-s azal n 13.171 imezdaɣ.
31 duǧember
Ass 31 dujamber d ass wis 365 n useggas (wis 366 deg iseggasen bisekstil). D ass aneggaru n useggas. 30 wamber - 31 dujamber - 1 yennayer
Brian De Palma
Brian Russell De Palma (ilul deg 11 Ctember, 1940 deg Newark, awanak n New Jersey), d imseḍru (réalisateur) yerna d amaru amarikani. Yeqdec deg ssinima ugar n 40 n yiseggasen yerna yettwassen mliḥ s yisura n tmenɣiwt ed ususpens.
31 duǧember
Imagraden iqqenen
Taggayt:Ass n dujamber
Farida At Ferrux
Farida At Ferrux d tamusnawt di tusna n wemdan d laṣel. Tlul di taddart Iɣil Bugni di Tamurt n leqbayel. D taselmadt di tesdawit 'Aix-Marseille I' di Franṣa anda tesɣaray tusna n laṣel (ethnologie). Tesufɣed adlis akw d umyaru Nabil Fares isem-is : de l’anthologie Effraction. Poésie du tiroir di 1993. Tetteka deg udlis aneggaru n Ṭaher Ǧawut umi isema : La Kabylie, photographies de A. Marok. Adlis i d yefɣen di 1997.
Abu Lḥasan
Abu Lḥasan d taɣiwant n Cclef, zedɣen-tt 20.164 n yimezdaɣen. Deg tallit n tuṭṭfa tafrensist, llan ɣɣaren-as Cavaignac.
Aẓar n wawal
Asmi ay tuwey Ldzayer azarug, semman-as Abu Lḥasan, akken ad rren tajmilt i yiwen n wemjahed ɣɣaren-as Abu Lḥasan (isem-nnes n tidet d Ɛebdelqader Lbaqi, ilul deg tama n Remci, deg Tlemsan).
Amezruy
Deg 11 Nwember 1992, taɣiwant n Abu Lḥasan iḥuza-tt uḥemmal d ameqran. Taɣiwant-a tenḍerr mliḥ deg tallit n ccwal ay inekren deg tmurt n Ldzayer gar 1992 ed 2002, maca seg 1999 ar ass-a, yebda tebda tetteqqal-d talwit ɣer tɣiwant-a cwiṭ, cwiṭ.
Ṭṭahir
Ṭṭahir d taɣiwant n ugezdu n Ǧiǧel, ar 18 km si temdint n Ǧiǧel. Ɣur-s 77367 imezdaɣ.
Farida At Ferrux
Adlis aneggaru n Farida At Ferrux d win umi tsema: Cheikh Mohand, Le souffle fécond (Volubilis, Paris, 2001. Tazwart n Muḥemmed Arkun).
Ṭṭahir
Deg wakal n tɣiwant illa Amafag Ferḥat Ɛebbas.
Abxazya
Abxazya zik tetteki di Suvyat yedduklen. Mi tettwakkes Syvyat yedduklen. Tufa iman-is deg tmurt n Jurjya d acu kan teffeɣ seg-s deg 23 di yulyu 1992 lamaana ulac tamurt yestaarfen s uzarug ines ɣas akken Jurjya ur tettif acemmek deg Abxazya. Di 28 ɣuct 2008, tafidiralit n Rrus d tamurt tamuzwarut yestaarfen s tmurt n Abxazya.
Brian De Palma
Isura-nnes
Gar yisura-nnes yella Carrie, Dressed to Kill, Scarface, The Untouchables akked Mission Impossible. Deg yiseggasen n 1970 ed 1980, De Palma yeqdec acḥal d tikkelt akked yisegbaren (acteurs) Jennifer Salt, Amy Irving, Nancy Allen (ay yellan d tameṭṭut-nnes gar 1979 ed 1983), Gary Sinise, John Lithgow, William Finley, Charles Durning ed Gerrit Graham. Yeqdec daɣen akked yemsuddes (compositeur) n uẓawan n yisura, Bernard Herrmann. De Palma yessaweḍ daɣen ad yerr aṭas n yisegbaren ttwassnen, gar-asen Robert De Niro, Jill Clayburgh ed John C. Reilly.
Malṭa
Malṭa neɣ Tagduda n Malta (s tmalṭit: Repubblika ta' Malta) d tamurt n Tuṛuft i-d yezgan deg yillel Agrakal, d yiwet seg tmura timecṭuḥin deg umaḍal d tin yesɛan aṭas n yimezdaɣ. Tamaneɣt n tmurt d Valletta, d tin meẓẓiyen gar tmura n Tdukli n Turuft; tesɛa azal n 0.8 km2
Malta tezga di Tefriqt, maca seg unnar n tsertit tezga di Tuṛuft. Ṭelyan d tamurt n Tuṛuft i yeqerben akk, d Tunes d Libya i yellan gar tmura n Tefriqt i iqerben akk.
Tasala Lmerǧa
Tasala Lmerǧa (s tefrensist: Tessala El Merdja), d taɣiwant n twilayt n Ldzayer, tezga-d deg wenẓul-utrim n twilayt n Ldzayer. Zedɣen-tt 15.847 n yimezdaɣen.
Malṭa
Tamurt-a deg-s tlata n tegzirin isem-nesent: Malta, Gozo d Kamuna, akked tegzirin ur ttewazdɣnet am: Kamunat, Felfela d St. D Tagzirt n Bulus.
Skudu n Malta yella d tadrimt n temurt ar aseggas 1798, mi tt-beddlen s ujiniyh n Malta, i d-yettwabeddlen deg 1972 ɣer llira, asmi teṭṭef Malta amkan di tedrimt n turuft deg 4 Meɣres 2005, Euro yuɣal d tadrimt taɣelnawt n tmurt seg 1 Yennayer 2008.
Tasala Lmerǧa
Taggayt:Dzayer Tamanaɣt
Itri
Itri (Asget: itran) d tafekka tagnnawt n plasma, Meqqer, yetfejjij, yettwaṭṭef s tmentilt n teldayt, dɣa asfijjej-is ittekkes-it-id seg tfasa taɣisant i d-ittlalen deg-s, Anda ibelkimen n uhidṛujin ttenṭaṭen gugar-asen ayen i d-igellun s iferdisen iẓẓayen ugar n uhidṛujin am uhilium d ulitium d kra n iferdisen yefsusen am wuzzal, Tasedmirt-a tasengamt tettusemma s wezday aɣisan. Itri yudsen (iqerben) yakk ɣer tegnit d tafukt, Acku d nettat i d aɣbalu n tfasa d tafat akken daɣen id tettaweṭ tfasa-ines ɣer yimtiwgen n iṭen i d-tgin udud anafuk, Kra n yetran d wid id ittbinen deg yiṭ mi ara ad iba (ad iɣab) ayen iten-itteffren am usigna neɣ tafat. Deg umezruy, itran ssalɣen-d tigrawin yettwasemman tizedmin yakk d isurya deg igenni. Amdan amzik (aqbur) yefka ismawen i yitran ilan (yesɛan) affaw ussis akken i yefka ismawen i tzedmin d isurya, dɣa aɣref n imuhaɣ d yiwen seg iɣerfan yeggunin ɣef yitran i wakken ad as-nemlem iberdan deg wuṭan imsullsen n tneẓruft akken illan iɣerfan niden yeggunin ɣef yitran i wakken ad akzen (ad ɛeqlen) iberdan n yillan d igarawen, ɣef wanecta llan waṭas n yitran yettfejjijen lan (sɛan) ismawen s Tmaziɣt. Imusnawen n tesnallunt sgerwen-d agbur ummid igebren ismawen n yitran ixataren amedya deg tajrit n Musier d tajurt n imazellawen d iguza imazallawen. S usnulfu n umsaddas, imesnullanen uɣalen zemren ad seked w ad snirmen itran ur nli ara (ur nesɛi ar) affaw uddis neɣ itran ur nettwaẓray ara s wallen.
Itri d tafekka i d-ittaken tafat s usrag n wezday aɣisan aẓeɣlaw n uhidṛujin i wfaris n uhilium deg wul n yitri ɣas ma deg kra n wamur meẓẓiyen kan seg tudert-is, s wanecta ad yebru i tfasa i keččmen ɣer wul n yitri w ad teffeɣ d izenzaren ɣer tallunt tuffiɣt. Srid mi ara ad ifakk uhidṛujin seg yitri, iferdisen yakk i d-isnulfan seg wezday aɣisan n uhidṛujin ttilin ẓẓay-it ugar n uhilium i d-yettwafarasen daɣen ama sɣur tamugri taɣisant tatrawt neɣ s tamugri taɣisant deg usupernuva mi ara ad ṭṭerṭqen itran icafcalen s waṭas. Mi ara ad yaweṭ yitrr ɣer taggara n waddar-is (leɛmeṛ-is), yezmer ad yegber kra n ufimidi n tnegwa timafsayin akken i zemren imesnallunen ad akzen takura-ines d waddar-is d tsuddest-is takrurant d waṭas n teskanin niden s wannay n unwiwel-is d umussu-ines deg tallunt d waffaw-is yakk d waylalẓer-is, dɣa d takura tuɣridt n yitri i d amakaz agejdan n temhazt-is d twenza-ines deg taggara, ma d tiskanin niden am ukdu-ines, tuzzya-ines, amussu-ines d teẓɣelt-ines ttwakzen-d s umezruy-is, anda taẓɣelt n waṭas n yitran d tin i d-ittilin d a emgal n usfijjej-is, asesmel-a d win yettusemman s umeskan n Hertzsprung–Russell yettakez-d addar d waddad anamhaz n yitri.
thumb|250px|right|Tugna timedregt i yini n [[tafukt|tfukt igan d itri seg telmest n G amazrar, tafukt d itri yudsen yakk ɣer tegnit]]
Talallit n yitri tbeddu-d am usigna i d-itteɣlayen seg tnegwa tisagnawin igebren send n kra yellan seg uhidṛujin d uhilium d kra n yiferdisen iẓayanen niden. Mi ara ad yettwaẓenẓa wul atraw imir-nni kan ad yuɣal uferdis n uhidṛujin ɣer uhilium kra kra s temhalt n wezday aɣisan yerna ad iberru i tfasa. , Ayen i d-igran seg wul n yitri ittaddam tafasa ɣer wuggug (lebɛid) n wul n yitri sɣur n urway n temhalin tizanzarin. Adad agensaw atraw ur t-ittaǧǧa ara ad yernu ad yeɣli ugar s ddaw n teldayt-is,mi ara ad tfakk yakk tfasa n uhidṛujin deg wul n yitri ad yennulfu yitri s tkura yugaren 0.4 n tikkal n tkura n tfukt sin akin ad yettihriw alamma yuɣal d acafcal azeggaɣ, ma deg kra n tikwal yettili-d usefsi n iferdisen iẓayanen deg wul d tissi tamaggaẓt i d-izzin i wul-is w ad yemhez seg yitri ɣer talɣa yefsin.
Deg wakeden-a, ul-nni yettuɣal d ayen i d-igran seg yitri ama d agezlan amellal neɣ d itri aneutronan neɣ ma meqqren s waṭas yezmer ad yuɣal d amruj aberkan
itran imisinen d yigtatrawen ttmagen-d seg sin neɣ ugar n yitran yeqqnen gugar-asen s teldayt, anda ttnwiwlen wa ɣef wayeṭ deg tmezziyin irekden. mi ara sin deg yitran-a ur tlun ara (ur seɛɛun ara) timezzit yudsen, yettili-d usemdu meqqren n tsedmirt n teldayt ɣef temhazt-is i tlallit n tmuski s teldayt meqqren am yiguza itrawen d imazellawen.
Asesmel
Itran ttwabdaren-d deg isesmilen asufen s webray aseklan s unect n iylalen-is anda ibeddu s telmest O yettwassnen s teẓɣelt-is yeflalen s waṭas alamma yewweṭ ɣer telmest M yettwassnen s tesmeṭṭ-is anda icubranen-nni zemren ad mmagen deg tgnut-is. Asesmel agejdan yettas-d s unect n twadra n teẓɣelt O ,B ,A ,F ,G ,K ,M akken illant tegrawin tiylalanin drusen lant isesmilen niden, wid yettwassnen yakk d talmest L yakk d telmest T yettwasismlen d itran n ubleɣ meẓẓiyen yakk d igezlanen arasen isemmaṭen yakk. Yal asekkul ila (yesɛa) 10 n ifurken yettusuṭṭnen seg 0 alamma d 9 n yidrasen yettwasnin s twadra n teẓɣelt maca anagraw-a n usesmel yetteɣlay yakk d tẓeɣlin yeflalin s waṭas anda yezmer ur d-ittili ara O0 d O1 deg kra n yitri. S tmerniwt ɣer wannecta, itran ttwasisemlen s unect n isemda n waffaw yellan deg izelman-is iylalanen i teddun yajk d ubleɣ amalun tettakez-it-id teldayt tajummant. Tagrawt-a tedlec seg 0 (acafcal ameqran anafella) w ad tezri seg III (acafcal amagnu) ɣer V (igezlanen deg yilkamen igejdanen), Kra n imusnawen rnanVII (agezlan amellal). Azal ameqran n yitran ṭṭafaren alkam agejdan igebren seg yitran n uhidṛujin yemmerɣen. Tafukt d itri n welkam agejdan n telmest n ugezlan amellal s teẓɣelt-is imnummsen d ubleɣ-is amagnu.
Wlad Sidi Brahim (Tamsilt)
Wlad Sidi Brahim d yiwet n tɣiwant n twilayt n Temsilt, deg tdayra n Wlad Sidi Brahim, yerna adeg-aɣella-s d Ɛin Ddis. Deg 2008, ɣur-es azal n 10.716 imezdaɣ.
Taggayt:Taɣiwant n Temsilt
Imeldiwen
Imeldiwen d tamurt deg wammas n Ugaraw Ahendi, 200 seg 2000 tegzirin n ugaraw ahendi i d-igan tamurt-a zedɣen-ten ala 181,000 n yimdanen. Tigzirin-a wwint timunnent-nsent sɣur Tagelda Yeddukklen deg 1965. Tamaneɣt-is d tamdint n Male.
Yalla Seddiqi
Yalla Seddiqi d yiwen umyaru d umnadi n tasuta tamaynut i zemren ad yefk iman amaynut i yedles aqbayli. Ilul-d ass n 1 yennayer 1970. Tira ines tettmekatay-d imyura imeqqranen am Ṭaher Ǧaɛut.
Yalla Seddiqi yettidir di Franṣa, yura aṭas n isefra deg waṭas n tesɣunin, u yarad yakw tizlatin n unazur Lwennas Meɛṭub ar tefranṣiṣt di yiwen n yedlis, umi isema Lounès Matoub, Mon nom est combat, id ifɣen ar tizrigin La Découverte, di 'Paris' di 2003. Isufɣed daɣen yiwen n wuṭun af Tamurt n leqbayel di tesɣunt Europe.
Yalla Seddiqi, akw d umyaru Yazid Bekka, ssufeɣ-d yiwen n wedlis umi seman: Kabylie belle et rebelle, di 'Paris' deg 2006.
Seddiqi Seddiqi Seddiqi
Uzellagen
Muqel Daɣen
Iwzellagen
Ḥemmamat
Ḥemmamat d yiwet tɣiwant n twilayt n Tbessa, tesɛa deg 2008 azal n 20.148 imezdaɣ.
Mariah Carey
Mariah Carey (tlul deg 27 Meɣres 1969 deg Huntington, awanak n New York), d tacennayt tamarikanit ay icennun s uɣanib (style) n R&B, yerna d tasegbart (actrice).
Georges Pompidou
Georges Pompidou (1911 - 1974) g Paris, d aselway n Fransa (1969 - 1974).
Isem-is ameqqran : Georges Jean Raymond Pompidou
Pompidou, Georges
Tajapunit
Tutlayt ttmeslayen azal n 130 imelyan deg tmurt n Japun. Awalen ijapuniyen ttuseman : Yamato-kotoba 大和言葉, meḥsub awalen inaṣliyen. Awalen d yellan di Tcenwit akk d tjapunit ttusemman: kango 漢語). Ma d wid reṭṭlen seg tutlayin nniḍen neɣ ijenṭad qqaren-asen : gairaigo 外来語. = Agemmay ajapuni = 80px|right Agemmay ajapuni yebḍa f kraḍ (3) Katakana, Hirakana akk d Kanji
Hirakana
550px
Kanji
Taggayt:Tutlayin
Lexmis n Tmelyant
Lexmis n Tmelyant (s tefrensist: Khemis Miliana), d taɣiwant n Ɛin Ddefla. Zedɣen-tt 74.349 n yimezdaɣen. Deg tallit n tuṭṭfa tafrensist, llan ttinin-as Affreville.
Tutlayt n usihel
Tutlayin n usihel (S teglizit: Programming language) d tagrawt n imenziden uettwarun s daw n ticki n ilugan n tutlayt n usihel, sakin imenziden-a ttekken-d s kra n tukkiyin alamma tettuselkem deg uselkim
ma yili wugur gar n ifassen-nneɣ, tewwi-yas-d awarzem i tifrat-is. Awarzem d awalen (n tefransist, tegnizit ..) i yesseqdac wussnan i tifrat n wugur, maca aselkim ɣur-s awalen-is imaẓlayen, agraw-nsen d tutlayt n usihel (imeslayen iy gezzu uselkim), wid ara d-isnedhen aselkim (d azrar n wanaden) i tifrat. Gar tutlayin-a:
Fortran
Awal-a d asewzel (FORmula TRANslation), tisuqqelt n tenfalit, acku awalen-is sehlen i useqdec n tusnakt (mathématique). Amezwaru i d-yuran fell-as d RUTISHAUSER, deg useggas 1952, maca ur d-yeffiɣ ara i leqdic almi d useggas 1955, s ɣur JOHN BACKUS. Tameslayt-a telha nezzeh i yinekmaden ussananen n tesdawit.
BASIC
D asewzel (Beginner's All purpose Symbolic Instruction Code). Yeffeɣ-d deg useggas 1965. D tameslayt i d-yemmugen i wid urɛad ssnen nezzeh timeslayin n usihel, acku awalen n umeslay yettwaqdacen deg BASIC sehlen, ferzen. Yelha nezzeh i yinelmaden n tesnawit (aswir amenzu). S kra n wawalen, anelmad yezmer ad yektil: tajumma (surface), ableɣ (volume), azikit (périmètre).atg, neɣ ad ad d-yefru tigdiwin (équations).
Pascal
Teffeɣ-d ger useggas 1967 d 1971 sɣur Niklaus Wirth. Yefka-yas isem-ayi ilemen-d umussnaw ameqqran BLAISE PASCAL (1623-1662). Tameslay PASCAL tettwassen aṭas seg wasmi i d-teffeɣ i lɣaci tameslayt n Turbo pascal deg useggas 1984, sɣur Borland International, imi wwḍen azal n umeliyun i yettuzenzen seg-s. PASCAL daɣen yemmug-d i tusnakt, yelha nezzeh i yinelmaden ussananen n tesdawit.
DBASE
_ er taggara n yiseggasen 70, amussnaw WAYNE RATLIFF ( iqeddec di NASA), isnulfa-d timeslayen i useqdec n taffa n isefka (base de données), i wumi isemma VULCAN. Syin akkin, GEORGE TATE d HAL LASHLEE, gren-d afus, rnan sqewmen-t, armi d useggas 1981, yuɣal isem-is dbase (data base).
Awalen n tutlayin n uselkim
Awalen-a zemren ad ilin, d wid n tegnizit mmden, neɣ d asewzel n wawalen n tegnizit.
Amedya
Wayi d ahil, s tmeslayin i neẓra, sendahen aselkim i wakken ad d-yaru ɣef ugdil (Ecran), awal (AZUL):
FORTRAN Ahil amenzu WRITE(*,*)'AZUL' END 10 CLS
BASIC 20 REM Ahil amenzu 30 PRINT " AZUL " 40 END Program azul
PASCAL Begin {ahil amenzu} WRITE('AZUL'); END. MAIN {
C /*Ahil amenzu */ PRINTF('AZUL') } CLEAR
DBASE *Ahil amenzu* ? ' AZUL' END
Tamselyut
!
Sudan
Sudan d tamurt d-yezgan di Tefriqt, tamanaɣt ines d Xerṭum. D nettat i d-tamurt meqqren akk di tefriqt armi 2011. Tesɛa 	39.578.828 imezdaɣ (2016). Tutlayt tunṣibt: taɛrabt akkd tenglizt.
Ikurdiyen
Agdud n Ikurdiyen yella g Ɛiraq yerna deg Tturk Ttmeslayen tutlayt takurdit. Tamurt anda zedɣen, isem-is Kurdistan, maca ur sɛin ara tamurt imzireg i nutni kan. Yiwen deg imeqqranen n tagrawla nsen af uzarug, isem-is Ɛabdellah Uǧalan. thumb|250px|Tamnaṭṭ n Ikurdiyen deg 1992 thumb|250px|Ikurdiyen Di Ddunit
Tiwelhiwin
Taggayt:Igduden n Asya
Lyon
Lyon — Tamdint d-yezgan di tmurt n Fransa.
Saint Vincent ed Grenadines
Saint Vincent ed Grenadines d yiwen tamurt deg Ikariben. Llan 109,000 n yemdanen i izedɣen tigzirin-a n Ikariben. Tagelda Yeddukklen tefka-yasent timunnent-nsent deg useggas n 1979. Tamaneɣt-is d Kingstown.
Takfarinas Ḥsen Zermani
Ḥsen Zermani, s yisem-is n taẓuri, Takfarinas, d yiwen unaẓur n ccna atrar aqbayli. Ilul deg taddart n Tqesray deg useggas n 1958. Tiqesray d yiwet n taddart i d-yezgan di Ledzyer tamanaɣt, teččur d iqbayliyen.
Lameɛna Ḥsen Zermani, yefruri-d deg wul n tmurt n Leqbayel, di taddart n Tizi Tɣideṭ, taɣiwant n Iɛekkuren di temnaṭ n Tizi Wezzu.
Lexmis n Lxecna
Lexmis n Lxecna (s tefrensist: Khemis El Khachna), d taɣiwant n twilayt n Bumerdas, zedɣen-tt 58.573 n yimezdaɣen. Deg tallit n tuṭṭfa tafṛensist, llan ɣɣaren-as Fondouk.
Takfarinas Ḥsen Zermani
Ḥsen Zermani, akken d ameẓyan yufa-d iman-is d anaẓur am waṭas n iɛeggalen di twacult-is. Iḥemmel ad yecnu maca, werǧin yerra di ddehn-is d akken a d-yas wass ad yaweḍ ɣer wanida yewweḍ ass-a acku, di tallit-nni n 70, yeqwa-d lḥers ɣef tmurt labaɛda ɣef tutlayt n tmaziɣt.
Ḥsen Zermani iḥemmel aṭas aẓawan, imeddukal-is d tawacult-is ladɣa baba-s, sḥersen-t akken ad iruḥ ɣer nnuba n iḥeffaḍen uzekka n umaṭṭaf wis II yella a yeselḥay unaẓur Crif Xeddam, acku walan-t icennu akken iwata.
Amecwar-is di ccna
Deg useggas n 1979 iruḥ ɣer Fransa, din Yemlal d Yidir i d-yesnulfan axxam n usizreg Azwaw anda yessewjed ad iɛiwed i usekles n uḍebsi-nni-ines maca, ɣer tagara yessuffeɣ-it-id ɣer tezrigin Triomphe music.
S wakka Takfarinas yuɣal d iminig, am netta am tugti n icennayen iqbayliyen yerwa lḥif, yerwa aksar d usawen akken a d-iḥelli amḍiq-is. Almi d asmi i yexdem Yidir tameɣra di l’Olympia deg useggas 1980 i yebda yettifrir-d Takfarinas. Imi yecna di tmeɣqra-yagi. Deg wakken yeɛǧeb aṭas i lɣaci, yenced-it-id Buǧemɛa Semɛun, neɣ Buǧma Agraw  akken ad cnun lwaḥid, yeqbel ad  yiki deg Agraw imir-nni i d-suffɣen tasfift Ccef n uparti maca  ikemmel deg usuffeɣ n iḍebsiyen i yiman-is: Aɛessas n zher-iw; Zzin d wedrim deg useggas n 1983. Yuɣal yemsefraq netta d tarbaɛt n wegraw.
ɣer tama n imedyazen-a Takfarinas yugem-d aṭas di tgemmi n ccna aɣerfan wid yecban Lɛenqa, Ccix Lḥasnawi, Sliman Ɛazem... atg.
Mbaɛɛd Arrac, Way telha, Aɛessas, Zzin d wedrim, Takfarinas yessuffeɣ-d aḍebsi Ṛṛemman s wayes yettiki deg tesgilt n Hit parade de world music Europe charte, din i d-iḥella amḍiq wis ukuẓ  deg useggas 1994.
Deg useggas n 1996 yessuffeɣ-d Salamat, deg useggas n 1999 yerna-d sin iḍebsiye n Zaɛma zaɛma, Ddu deg wa d iḍebsiyen i isekren lhul deg umaḍal meṛṛa ladɣa di tmurt n Lezzayer.
Saint Kitts ed Nevis
Saint Kitts ed Nevis d tamurt n Ikariben, i zedɣen 41,000 n medden, tewwi timunnent-is sɣur Tagelda Yeddukklen deg 1983.
Sedduq
Sedduq ( Fr: Seddouk) neɣ s yisem aqbur (aqdim) Tizi Lǧemɛa d yiwet tamdint n twilayt n Bgayet.
Tudrin
Taqaɛet Amagaẓ
Muqel Daɣen
Sedduq
Honcu
Honcu (neɣ Honshu) d tigzirt tameqqrant n tmurt n Japon. Deks Timdinin timeqqranin am Tokyo (tamanaɣt n tmurt), Hiroshima, Kawasaki, Kobe, Kyoto, Nagoya, Nara, Osaka, Sendai, Yokohama atg.
Iṛan
Iṛan d tamurt tezga-d g alemmas n Asya, tamanaɣt-is Ṭehran. Ttmeslayen tutlayt Tafarsit.
Honcu
Taggayt:Japon
Iṛan
Taggayt:Timura n Ddunit
Takfarinas Ḥsen Zermani
Amecwar-is di ccna
Deg useggas n 2004 yessuffeɣ-d ukuẓ n iḍebsiyen ideg yerra tajmilt i tlawin anda bɣunt ilint.
Takfarinas d anaẓur ameɣradan
Takfarinas yexdem d inaẓuren n umaḍal am tarbaɛt Sixun i deg yella Michel Alibo, Louis Winsberg, Karim Ziad, atg. Ma deg uḍebsi-yagi aneggaru yexdem d umaṛṛuki Idbasaɛid, rnu ɣer-s inaẓuren n ddunit meṛṛa am Jef de la Cruse, Yin Jian, Jamaikan Sly Dunbar d Robbie, atg.
Takfarinas yefka isem n YAL i ccna-ines, ɣef wanect-agi yenna-d :
Tamselyut
Takfarinas Takfarinas
Allus n wazzun n teɣriwin
Deg yitilifunen n ufus n GSM/3GSM (UMTS), talugent n GSM tesbaday-d ingalen n wallus n wazzun n teɣriwin ara d-yettwabedren swadda-a. Tilugan-a d ETSI ay ten-id-igan, ttwabnan ɣef yengalen uṛufiyen izɣen n wallus n wazzun n teɣriwin yerna cuban ingalen ay yettwasseqdacen deg umur ameqran n yizirigen n utilifun urkid deg Tdukli Tuṛufit.
Ma yella azwir n tenzaḍt n wallus n wazzun netta d "**" (deg wemkan n "*" ay d-yettilin s umata), uṭṭun n utilifun ad yettwakles deg uẓeṭṭa. Lemmer, sdeffir waya, imseqdec ad yessens allus n wazzun s tenzaḍt s yiwen n "#", ad yezmer yemseqdec, sakkin, ad yales ad yessermed allus n wazzun-a s tenzaḍt n "*" war ma yella deg-s wuṭṭun n utilifun. Allus n wazzun ad yales ad yettwassermed deg wuṭṭun ay yettwakelsen deg uẓeṭṭa. Ɣef umedya, lemmer yiwen ad yesseqdec angal n beṛṛa n yiger deg tenzaḍt n wallus n wazzun:
sakkin ad yessens allus n wazzun:
sakkin, ad yezmer ad yales ad yessermed allus n wazzun n beṛṛa n yiger war ma yura uṭṭun n utilifun:
Mi ara tettweg tenzaḍt-a ay d-yettwabedren sufella, akk tiɣriwin ara yettwawehhin ɣer utilifun mi ara yili beṛṛa i yiger ad ttwasɛeddint ɣer 7035551212. Yezmer yemseqdec ad yessermed tawuri ɣer kra n wuṭṭun ay yemgerraden ɣef wuṭṭun-nni ay yettwakelsen deg wakud aydeg ara yeǧǧ uṭṭun-nni ay yettwakelsen akken ad t-yesseqdec sakkin. Ɣef umedya, lemmer ad yeg tanzaḍt-a:
tiɣriwin ad ttwasɛeddint ɣer 7185551212 (yerna maci ɣer wuṭṭun ay yettwakelsen 7035551212). D acu kan, lemmer ad yeg tanzaḍt niḍen:
Rumanya
Rumanya (s tṛumanit: România) d tamurt i yezgan deg unẓul-utaram n Tuṛuft. Tajumma-nnes 238,391 km2 (yikilumitren imkuẓen). Zedɣen-tt 19,779,963 n yimezdaɣen, tamanaɣt-is Buxarest. tesεa tilisa d hungari d Serbiya seg utaram, Mulduva d Ukranya deg ugafa d unẓul. D Bulgarya d ljiran-nniḍen n tmurt-a seg wenẓul.
Allus n wazzun n teɣriwin
tiɣriwin ad qqlent ad ttwasɛeddayent ɣer wuṭṭun ay yettwakelsen 7035551212 (yerna maci ɣer wuṭṭun-nni n tenzaḍt n wallus n wazzun ay yettwasqedcen yagi 7185551212).
Nnig waya, deg yiẓeḍwan n GSM, am wid n T-Mobile d AT&T Mobility deg Yiwunak Yeddukklen d wakk iẓeḍwan n utilifun n ufus deg Tdukli Tuṛufit, yezmer yemseqdec ad d-yesbadu amḍan n tsinin aydeg atilifun ad yesserser uqbel ma yesɛedda tiɣri. Imseqdec yezmer ad d-yesbadu aya s tira n "*SC*XX" uqbel "#" aneggaru mi ara yaru tanzaḍt n wallus n wazzun, aydeg "SC" d angal n tewsit n umeẓlu (11 i taɣect, 25 i yisefka, 13 i ufaks), yerna "XX" d amḍan n tsinin ay yettwaḥsaben s 5 n tsinin. Ma yella ad yettwakkes "SC" (yerna ad yili kan "**XX"), dɣa akk tiwsatin n yimeẓla ad ttwasɛeddint. Ɣef umedya, allus n wazzun n teɣri lemmer ur tettili tririt yezmer ad d-yili s:
Deg kra n yiẓeḍwan, tezmer ad tili talast n 30 n tsinin ma aṭas uqbel allus n wazzun (anamek-nnes "XX" yezmer kan ad yili 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 neɣ 30; azalen imeqranen ugar am 45 neɣ 60 d wid ara yessiwḍen tanzaḍt-nni n wallus n wazzun ad tettwagi yerna ad d-yettwazen yizen n tuccḍa).
Ɛli Ɛemran
Temẓi-s
Yebda yettarra lmendad-is ar uẓawan si temzi-s, asmi yella isell i Radyu akked kra n tesfifin n kra icennayen yellan di teswaɛt-nni, Aladra isell i widen akken ḥarmen ur d-sɛeddayen ara tizlatin-nsen deg yimaṭṭafen n Radyu n tmurt n Lzayer, amedya n Dda Sliman Ɛazem... d wiyaḍ nniḍen.
D ameẓyan yettaɛraḍ yetturar snitra, yessaweḍ yexdem-d yiwet s tebelyunt n zzit, am akken xedmen akk icennayen iɛeddan uqebl-is; Yettaɛraḍ, yeṭṭafar, yal tizlitt umi slan imeẓẓuǳen-is; D acu kan netta yesɛa zzher, imi yufa-d snitra deg wexxam si temẓi-s, xas akken d taqburt meɛna ar ɣur-s tesɛa azal meqqren; Tella niqal n d ayla n gma-s armi yuɣal ikesbi-tt, netta.
Amecwar-is n Lfen
Asmi yeffeɣ i tillumẓit, Ɛli yettwassen d win yettarun isefra ak ttezlatin, imi tizlatin ines timezwura i yura, Kra deg-sent cnantent kra icennayen yetwasenen, gar-asen Lani Rabaḥ.
Asmi yella di tesdawit, dinna Ɛli i d-yebda yettbin-id, imi yella yetturar snitra, ixeddem aẓawan, icennu i yiwet n tarbaɛt umezgun n tesdawit n Dda Lmulud at Mɛemmar di Tiziwezzu, uwumi qqaren Meɣres ; Di tallit nni, yebda yetturar tizlatin n Yidir, Simon and Garfunkel, Moustaki, Cabrel, Inaṣliyen, Pink Floyd, Abranis, Cat Steγens,... S wakka Ɛli ilemmed u yebda isurifen ines imezwura deg-wubrid n lfen.
Di 2001, yesekles tasfift-ines tamenzut, anda is-yeqqar : Amsebrid, s wakka, s tesfift-agi, Ɛli yekcem annar n cna.Ur iɛeṭṭel ara yebda timaɣriwin di tmurt n leqbayel, deg-waxxam n yedles Lmulud at Mɛemmar, daɣen deg-wuxxam umezgun n Bgayet.
Arazen & Tifaskiwin
Ɛli daɣen yuka deg waṭas n tfaskiwin, s kra n wanda id iɛedda s waraz, imi cna-ines s ṣṣut-is d uẓawan-ines yufraren-d.
Araz amenzu, yewwit-id di tafska taɣennawt n cna n teqbaylit, araz wis sin, yewwit-id di tafska uẓawan n Ṣumam.
Abrid n lɣarba
Deg useggas n 2000, Ɛli yeǧǧa tamurt-is, yeǧǧa taddart-is, yunag ar tmurt n Fransa, anda yella yezdeɣ di Lpari, ula dinna, am da di tmurt iqeddec, ixeddem daɣen timaɣriwin.
Aken assegas, ilemnd n tefsut tabarkant, Ɛli yecna di tzeqqa n Zinit (Zénith) di Lpari, s idis n ucennay ameqran Farḥat Imaziɣen Imula, Akli. D, d Gnawa Diffusion.
Zdat n lɣaci id yusan, tizlitt-is A xali sliman yufrar-d yarna taɛǧeb nezzah i lɣaci nni id yussan, yeslkelsitt yarratt di weqbel ad yessufeɣ tasfift-is, tinna yessufeɣ di 2005.
Ɛli yessewjed tasfift tamaynut id-yefɣen deg useggas n 2009, anda is-yeqqar : "Akka id amur".
Tisfifin n Ɛli Ɛemran
2001, Tasfift tamenzut anda is yeqqar: Amsebrid
2005, Tasfift tis snat anda is yeqqar: Xali sliman
2009, Tasfift tis tlata anda is yeqqar: Akka id amur
2013, Tasfift tis rebɛa anda is yeqqar: ''Tizi n leryah'
Enya
Enya (tlul s yisem n Eithne Patricia Ní Bhraonáin deg wass n 17 Mayyu 1961 deg Gweedore), d tacennayt tirlandit.
Amecwar-is
Enya tebda tcennu deg yiseggasen n 1980, asmi ay tettekka deg tegrawt n ccna n twacult-nnes, Clannad, sakkin, tejja tagrawt-nni yerna tebda tcennu i yiman-nnes. Deg useggas n 1986, tecna deg umazrar n BBC "The Celts" yerna d aya ay tt-yerran mechurt. Deg 1988, album-nnes Watermark, yerra-tt mechuret deg umaḍal, yerna teqqel tettwassen s taɣect-nnes tawḥidt. Deg yiseggasen n 1990 ed 2000, tkemmel tettnerni cciɛa-nnes. Deg useggas n 2000, tessuffeɣ-d album n "A Day Without Rain" yerna nzant seg-s 15 n yimelyunen n tsukan. Deg 2001, Enya terbeḥ cciɛa n tmeṭṭut tacennayt ay yessenzen aṭas akk n walbumen. Deg 2009, Enya tessaweḍ ad tessenz, s ujemmal, 70 n yimelyunen n walbumen (gar-asen 26 n yimelyunen nzan deg Yiwunak Yeddukklen). Terbeḥ-d, s leqdic-nnes, 4 n warrazen n Grammy Award, yerna tizlatin-nnes ttwacnant s 10 n yilsawen.
Muḥemmed Igerbucen
Muḥend Igerbucen d argaz uẓawan aqbayli i yettwasnen nezeh ama di tmazɣa ama berra deg umadal. Ilul deg 1907 di taddart At Uccen, taɣiwant Aɣrib, di Tizi Wezzu. Imut deg 1954. Asmi isɛa 17 isegwasen ill yeqqar timsirin uẓawan. Deg 1923, yunag ar tmurt n Leǧliz akw d yiwen n wergaz n Ikus (Ecosse), Mas 'Fraser Ross'. Illa yesɛa akal di Cercal. Yiwen n wass illa di tmurt leqbayel, yesla i tjewaqt n umeksa amecṭuḥ Muḥemmed Igerbucen. Icaṭew, dɣa yebbwi-t yid-s i waken ad yelmed aẓawan.
Ikcem ar uɣerbaz ageldan uẓawan (Royal Academy of Music), anda yelmed azawan seg ufus n uselmad Livingson.
Mas 'Fraser Ross' illan isɛa akal di tmurt n Tuṭrict, yewwi yid-s Muḥemmed Igerbucen ar tɣiwant n 'Wien' i waken ad ikemel almad uzawan deg iɣerbazen uẓawan imuqranen i yettwasen di 'Wien', sddaw ifasen n usnelmad 'Alfred Grunfeld'.
Muḥend Igerbucen ise 18 isegasen asmi ifka 'Concert' ines amezwaru di 'Bregenz' deg wasif n Konstanz. Mi ɛeddan 3 isegasen u ulmad, yuɣal-d ar tɣiwant n Lezzayer, i waken ad izer imawlan-is. Lamaana ur iɛeṭel yuɣal. Isem-is yuɣal mucaɛ imi yuɣal iqedec ula d Aẓawan n isura. Asaru amezwaru umi yexdem aẓawan, d 'Aziza'. Isyin ixdem win usaru 'Dzair' af umḍiq n 'La Casbah'. Amseḍru isura Mas 'Duvivier' i sutra-s i waken ad yexdem aẓawan usaru yettwasnen: "Pépé le Moko". Isyin ixdem aẓawan usaru "Terre idéale" af tmurt n Tunes.
Deg 1938, imlal d unaẓur Salim Ḥelali, yettwasnen imiren nezeh, i sekla-s azal n 50 n tezlatin. Isyin tebɛent-id inazuren wiyaḍ, ṭaqa deg-sen d leqbayel. Deg useggas agi, ixdem daɣen aẓawan n usaru "Kaddour à Paris" n Mas 'André Sarrouy'.
Takubanit 'Metro-Goldwin' n marikan t sawl-as-d i waken as-yexdem aẓawan n usaru 'La Casbah', neɣ "Pépé le Moko" s marikanit. amaṭaf BBC n Legiz i sawlased i waken ad iselḥu 'orchestre symphonique' ines. Imnezhen igliziyen ur tǧeɛlen ara d aqbayli, ḥesbent d arusi, dɣa fkan-as isem arusi Igor Bouchen.
Tamselyut
Igerbucen Igerbucen
Roger Federer
Roger Federer d amyurar n waddal n Tennis tmurt Taswist, ilul ass n 8 ɣuct 1981 di temdint n Bâle. Yebda yetturar d trebbut (terbaɛt) tameqqṛant aseggas n 1998, yewwi ideg amenzu n ubellez n ATP azal n 237 imalas yemsedfaren (285 alammi d 6 Yunyu 2010). Ass n 8 Yulyu 2012, yewwi tadwilt n Wimbledon i tikkelt tis sat (7), yeqḍa-d amyurar Pete Sampras deg umḍan n tedwilin n Wimbledon i yewwi akked imalas i yella di tqacucut n ubellez n ATP (Imalas wis 286).
Yewwi ar assa 77 izwilen, gar-asen 23 imeqqṛanen (17 n Grand Chelems d 6 teqbucin n Masters) d 20 n Masters 1000. Yewwi kuẓ (4) n telɣuɣa n Grand Chelem i yellan deg umaḍal, win n Melburn di Ustralya, win n RG di lpari tamurt n Fṛansa, win n Wimbledon di tmurt n Lengliz, win Flushing meadows di Timura Yedduklen n Marikan.
Deg ubellez n Sports Illustrated n useggas 2010, Roger Federer yella-d d anadal wis sin yettxelliṣen aṭas n yedrimen deffir Tiger Woods imi yeṣṣaweḍ ar assa azal n 72 Ifeḍ n dullar deg izwilen yark i yurar.
Tameddurt
thumb|upright|Roǧer Federer di [[Masters n Sinsinati 2005|Masters n Sinsinati]] Ilul Roger Federer ass n 8 ɣuct 1981 di temdint n Bâle, yemma-s, Lynete n tefriqt n wenẓul, ma d baba-s d aswisit, Robert. Isin yid-sen xedmen di taɣult n tnesfarit. Roger d weltma-s tameqqṛant Diana idiren di temẓi-nsen di Münchenstein Taswist Talmanit. Tura Roger yettidir di Wollerau, tama n Schwytz, netta d tmeṭṭut-is Mirka d yessi-s takniwin Myla Rose d Charlene Riva. Yesɛa tanaslit Taswisit d tin n tefriqt n Unẓul.
Di temẓis Roger Federer yetturar daɣen ddabax uḍar, yella yezweṛ s waṭas, maca d addal n Tennis i yefren mi yella di Tam (8) iseggasen di lɛemṛis, ɣas akken mazal-it yeṭṭafaṛ ar assa u iḥemmel aṭas tarbaɛt n ddabax uḍar n FC Bâle.
Amazray n unaddal
thumb|upright|Roger Federer di Masters n Indian Wells 2008 en Roger Federer yeḥrez-d ar assa 75 azwilen deg ufrari d 8 (Tam) deg uslig irgazen. Yewwi azwel-ines amenzu aseggas n 2001, di dduṛt n Milan (indoor). Seg imir-nni yewwi 17 n tdurtin n Grand Chelem di 5 (sam) n tesniwin yemgaraden (si Talɣuɣa n Wimbledon 2003 ḥalarmi Talɣuɣa n Wimbledon 2012. Ala netta i iḥerzen azal n 6 sed n teqbucin n Masters Cup (2003, 2004, 2006, 2007, 2010 d 2011) d wazal n 20 azwilen n Masters 1000. Aseggas n 2008 yewwi tazalɣi n uleɣ di talɣuɣa uslig n yargazen deg uraren ulampik n wezɣal 2008 di Pekin, akked umyurar Stanislas Wawrinka, asegwas n 2012 yewwi amḍiq wissin deg uraren ulampic n Londres mi yexṣer di tagara tedwilt aked Andy Murray.
Iberbacen
Muqel Daɣen
Iberbacen
1 tuber
Imagraden iqqenen
Taggayt:Ass n tuber
Aselway n tegduda tatunsit
Aselway n tegduda tatunsit d aɣella n Uwanak n Tagduda tatunsit seg assebded n tawuri ass n 25 yulyu 1957. Deg uzwel agi, yeḍebber adabu aselkam s unabaḍ yetsselwayen sɣur aɣella n unabaḍ. Ɣef leḥsab n umagrad 77 n Tamenḍawt tagdudant n wass n 10 fuṛaṛ 2014, yeḍebber daɣen anzaḍ aɛlayan n tidusiyin yettwassemregen.
Burgiba dɣa Ben Ɛli sselwayen daɣen akabar deg udabu, yettwasemman Amay-Dustuṛ, Akabar anemlay adustuṛi dɣa Amsegraw amenḍawan amagday, seg azarug deg useggas 1956 ar tagrawla n 2011.
Taneṣlit
Akabar amezwaru aɣelnaẓri, Dustuṛ, yettwassebdeden deg useggas 1920 yebɣa yakan asaselgam n yiwet tamenḍawt id tḍwelen ar tanaya timeẓwit dɣa imenzayen n udabu amagday war ad ḍḍesen ar umenzay n tagelda. Akkw am Amay-Dustuṛ yexeddmen agzam deg useggas 1934 ddaw tamehla n Ḥabib Burgiba, yettkemmel ad yessenfali tabbanit ines i unhil yellan deg tawuri. Aswir n Umay-Dustuṛ yellan di Sfax seg 15 ar 18 wamber 1955 yesnezgem : Ilaq ad xeddmen s tuɛjilt tifranin timuta timagdayin i timdinin dɣa i agraw ismatteran ad yessebdeden tamenḍawt ad yefken tabadut i unhil anabḍan n tamurt ɣef llsas n tagelda tamenḍawant, slan-d ay d agdud iman-is id taɣbalut n tanaya id yettexdem sɣur amni yetwassuddesen s ugraw awḥid yettwafrenen deg ufran ameɣradi srid deg uqader n umenzay n umsebḍu n iduba amsaḍuf, aselkam d aɣedman.
left|thumb|[[Ṭaher Ben Aɛmmar s Lamine Bey d Ḥabib Burgiba deg useggas 1955.]]
Ɣef afermes n unhil sɣur amezdaɣ, Muḥsen Tumi yura : Ameslay ɣef tagelda, d timenna n bezzaf. Tamɣarit taḥusinit d tiwaculin n isenbaren i zzin ɣur-es, s laṣel aṭerki am nettat (deg tilawt, d iderfiyen iqedcen i Amenkud aɛetmani am aken nejlan ar tilisa n utaram) ur d ttwaɛqilen ara deg tmurt nni dɣa tamurt ur d ttwaɛqel ara deg « imamaden » agi n tiwsiyin i zemren ad siwelen i ignan ibeṛṛaniyen iwakken ad ssensen tinekriwin. Imeggufsa, imenhawen dɣa imwaryasen, d nitni akkw d iqriben nsen yellan deg taneṣlit n tasehrest taṛumit (tafṛensist) dɣa ḥebsen akken i zemren tikli ɣer uzarug. Ihi, imi id yettwakmer kan id yezmel Lamine Bey ass n 29 dujamber 1955 tanaḍt id yesawelen ar tafrent n Ugraw ismatteran,. Mɣar sakkin azarug d tafrent n Ugraw, tanarit tasertayt n Amay-Dustuṛ yessegrew ass n 10 yebrir 1956 yeḥettem agellid ad as yinni i Burgiba ad yessileɣ anabaḍ amezwaru n Tunes tazarugt. Ihi Burgiba yeddem amazrar n isuḍaf am taggara n iglamen n tawacult taḥusinit (tanaḍt n 31 mayyu 1956) neɣ tadbelt n taɣult tusligt n umuɣ aɣarim n bey (amarud amseggas id ttwafken i akkw imaslaḍen n tawacult tabeylikalt (taɛetmanit)) daɣen taɣult n uqacuc sɣur yiwen anedbal yetxeddmen deg aɣlif n teẓraf. Charles Debbasch yura ɣef waya: Imḍebbren n Amay-Dustuṛ fehmen cwit cwit belli tilint n bey ar uqerru n Uwanak d iɣiz ar umenzay n tadukli. Cwit cwit, iɣellaten n ukabar amay-adustuṛi ssenqesen akkw lfaydat tiɛetmaniyin, d-acu ihi d nnfeɛ n bey, acku netta mačči d amay-adustuṛi ?.
I lmend n umulli wis sin n tuqqla ines ar Tunes, ass n 1 yunyu 1957, Ḥabib Burgiba yebɣa ad yesseɣret Tagduda, maca tazɣint n assaɣen iṛumiyen-itunsiyen id yussan seg uḥbas n tallalt n teẓraf n Fransa, yetwexxer tadyant. Ass n {22 yulyu]], tanarit tasertayt n Amay-Dustuṛ tesseɣret taseɣra n imazanen n Agraw ismatteran ar tiɣimit tafeɣnamit yettwassuddsen ass n 25 yulyu. Tiɣimit tebedda af 9 h 23 deg tazeɣɣa n usgeld n leqṣer n Bardo ddaw taselwit n Ǧelluli Fares d tihawt n tafekka tadiplumatit. Aneɣlaf amezwaru Ḥabib Burgiba d imaslaḍen n unabaḍ ines, slid Becir Ben Yahmed ur llan ara d awamni, qqimen ɣef uɣalad n imaslaḍen. Imi-d yeldi tiɣimit, Fares yederrer belli imaslaḍen ilaq ad innin anta talɣa is ilaqen i unhil. Ahmed Ben Salah, anmazul n uselway n Ugraw, yenna-d tidmi ines akagi : Ilaq Awanak ad yessderfi seg uzaglu id yewṛet seg izri, waya yezmer kan ad yesmuḍḍef azarug n tmurt dɣa tanaya n ugdud atunsi. Ulac ccek, an ili ass agi nerẓem seg izemmal n unhil aqdim. Ur yezmir ad yili agellid deg tamurt agi, dɣa lebɣi n ugdud d uɣris. Tasuta nneɣ tettweṛebbi deg usekkud n Amay-Dustuṛ, tebɣa tilelli, talwit d lehna. Ilaq an faṛes s tanaya nneɣ tuɣridt dɣa war abeḍḍu. Imi yella imenɣi, nella yakan ddaw anhil agdudan, acku deg tallit nni, llant snat timura Tunes, yiwet tasugnant, tayeḍ n tidet. Tagduda tella yakan di Tunes ddaw tawaralgamit ; ilaq-aɣ ass agi at-id-n ssuḍef. Awalen agi ttwasergegen sɣur tigermanin tidfirin. Af 15 h 30, Burgiba yebeḍḍa aẓmaẓ anarray n umnakel n beys, yerduten af ddell d taxendallast. Yeffuk deg tagara s taseɣrut n Tagduda: Agdud atunsi yegwed ar tafesna n tananya tamsewdagt iwakken ad yaɣ assefrek n iweẓla ines. Ẓriɣ acḥal yeḥmmel iyi. Kra snezgemen zemreɣ ad cceɣleɣ i lmektub ines (n Tunes). Maca aqader i sɛiɣ i ugdud atunsi d ameqran armi ur bɣiɣ ara ad yesɛu akerwa dɣa yella yiwen afran kan i zemreɣ ad-as-efkeɣ, d win n Tagduda. Deg taggara, afran s unemzel yeser anhil ageldan aqdim 252 iseggasen dɣa yessebded anhil agdudan yersan ɣef Amay-Dustuṛ kan. Aylaten n bey ttwakksen-as dɣa ṣleḥen i urẓam n umerwas n Uwanak. Burgiba yekcem srid deg tiwura-s n uselway deg timeṛjiwt n tirawt n Tamenḍawt id effken sin iseggasen sakkin tumast taselwayant n unhil amaynu.
Amezruy Afranan
Ass n 8 wamber 1959 llant tifernin timezwura tiselwayin d timsuḍaf. Sakkin, sin isniɣesen agi ttwadrun deg unsay deg yiwen wass kan, ass n acer (lḥedd).
Seg isniɣes amezwaru, Burgiba yesɛa-d abeḥri n umalway amszarug, netta kan i d-amazwar anwarmirm. Ad yeqqim akken armi d 1974, agmuḍ ines ur yeḥbes ara ad yerni seg 91 % deg 1959 ar 99,85 % deg 1974. Armi kan ass n 10 ctamber 1974 yella wayeḍ amazwar nniḍen i ɛerden ad yesssissen mgal aselway. Cadli Zwiten, aselway n Taxxamt tilemẓit tudmist n Tunes, yesseɣret aɣtas ines deg asseɣret ar taɣemsa yili yettwaḍfer sɣur alɣu n yiwen umaslaḍ n tiddukla nni yetssumelen aɣtas n uselway ines. Am yettwarǧu, tirtit ur tettwaḍḍef ara sɣur tasmilt ad hoc. Isniɣes agi ad yilli d aneggaru acku yettwaḍfer aseggas aḍfar sɣur taseɣrut n Burgiba am « aselway ar tudert ».
Ilaq an arǧu snat n tmerwin iwakken an ẓer aneɛruḍ wis sin n Munsef Marzuqi, aselway anaffaɣ n Tamɣunt tatunsit n izerfan n wemdan, yebɣan ad yessissen mgal Ben Ɛli deg useggas 1994. Yili, ur yezmer ara ad yessegrew amḍan n izmalen yelaqen iwakken ad yettekki ar tafrent dɣa sakkin yettwaḥbes daɣen yettwagdel n upaspuṛ. Zdat isedrigen agi, ilaq ad rǧun isuḍaf imenḍawanen yetwadɣeren « s uzwel asɣasan », dɣa yeksalugen ar umagrad 40 n Tamenḍawt, i tifernin n 1999, 2004 d 2009, iwakken imazwaren nniḍen ad zemren ad ssissnen iman-nsen ar tinneflest tanafellat.
Sakkin tagrawla id gweyn ar tagellawt n Ben Ɛli, Agraw ismatteran yefren aselway n Tagduda s taqiḍuft tuffirt, ass n 12 dujamber 2011, s tigti tamagdezt n imaslaḍen ines. Mraw imazwaren ssissnen-d maca, tam ur d ssegrewen ara mraw semmus izmalen yelaqen dɣa yiwen umazwar ur yesɛa ara leɛmeṛ yelaqen, yiwen kan yesɛan tiwtilin yelaqen i tirtit. Munsef Marzuqi yettwafren s 153 tuɣac, kraḍt mgal, snat taggalin d 44 idɣaren imellalen, yesmezri aken i Fuɛad Mebazɛa yellan deg tawuri am imedzi.
Sakkin tuddma n Tamenḍawt tamaynut, adɣar yettwahel ass n 23 wamber 2014 i tafrent n uselway amaynu n Tagduda. Ass n 21 dujamber, sakkin tuzzya tis snat, Bejji Lqayed Ssebṣi, aneɣlaf aqdim ddaw Burgiba dɣa aselway n Taxxamt n imazanen ddaw Ben Ɛli, yettwafren deg tuzzya tis snat s 55,68 % n tuɣac, aselway Marzuqi yegweyd 44,32 %. D aselway amezwaru yettwafrenen s umagday deg tamurt.
Izdayen uffiɣen
*
Uetersen
thumb|rigth|Museum Uetersen Uetersen d taddart deg wanẓul-agmuḍ n Lalman, ger Elmshorn d Pinneberg, s tama n wasif Hamburg. 17.865 yemdanen zedɣen deg-s (aseggas : 2006).
Taqubbet
Taqubbet (s tefrensist: Kouba), d taɣiwant n twilayt n Lezzayer, tezga-d deg wenẓul-agmuḍan (sud-est) n Lezzayer Talemmast. Zedɣen-tt 104.708 n yimezdaɣen.
Taggayt:Dzayer Tamanaɣt
Rihanna
Robyn Rihanna Fenty (tlul deg 20 Furar 1988 deg Saint Michael), tettwassen s yisem-nnes n tnaẓurt, Rihanna (yettwanṭaq [rihena]), d tacennayt n tmurt n Barbados, tcennu yerna tettaru tizlatin n uẓawan (lmuziga) n R&B.
Tutlayt tamirandit
Tamirandit s tpurtugizt: mirandês d yiwet deg tutlayt i yisawalen uɣref n Portugal. Tella yiwet gar tutlayin tirumiyin i d-yusan si tlatint. Tamirandit d tutlayt tunṣibt tis snat i yemesalyen g tmurt n Portugal di tama n Alto Trás-os-Montes.
Mumbay
Mumbay (s tefrensist: Bombay), d tamdint tameqrant akk deg Lhend, tezga-d deg utaram (lɣerb) n tmurt, ɣef yiri n Ugaraw Ahendi. Zedɣen-tt 13.830.884 n yimezdaɣen.
Lebyar
Lebyar (s tefrensist: El Biar;), d taɣiwant n twilayt n Ldzayer, tezga-d deg utaram (lɣerb) n Lezzayer Talemmast. Zedɣen-tt 47.332 n yimezdaɣen.
Taggayt:Dzayer Tamanaɣt
William Shakespeare
William Shakespeare d amedyaz yettwasnen ugar, d argaz umezgun, d amyaru n yedles aglizi. Ilul ass n 23 ibrir (kuzyur) 1564. Immut ass n 23 ibrir (kuzyur) 1616.
Ticequfin n Shakespeare
Ticequfin umezruy n Shakespeare
Kruwatya
Kruwatya d tamurt n wenẓul (sud) n Turuft, tezga-d deg Tzunegzirt n Balqan. Tajumma-nnes 56,594 km2 (yikilumitren imkuẓen). Zedɣen-tt 4,284,889 n yimezdaɣen. Tamaneɣt-nnes d Zagreb.
William Shakespeare
Ticequfin n tayri n Shakespeare
Tasekla nniḍen n Shakespeare
Tamselyut
Af tuddert n Shakespeare
Shakespeare Shakespeare
Sidi Musa
Sidi Musa (s tefrensist: Sidi Moussa), d taɣiwant n wenẓul n twilayt n Ldzayer, tezga-d deg uzaɣar n Mettijet. Zedɣen-tt 40.750 n yimezdaɣen.
Taggayt:Dzayer Tamanaɣt
Tazermemmuyt
Tazermemmuyt (assaɣ ussnan: Lacertilia) d adu-tfesna n temraradin yeṭṭafaren asmil n tzermeskebrin deg wadur n temzikrin Tizermemmuyin d timraradin yettaken aẓaṛ neɣ i d-yettilin i yizerman yerna llant kra n telmas mmugent am yizerman anda ur lint ara (ur sɛint ara) iṭarren, ma d tizermemmuyin timeqqṛanin d tid yettemcabin ɣer yiɣucaf ama deg talɣa neɣ deg ubleɣ, akken i lant aṭas n tarrayin n tikli d westan ɣef yiman Imusnawen ukzen-d (ɛeqlen-d) ugar n 3750 n telmas n tzermemmuyin, gar-asent ugar n 500 n telmas ttidirent g Ustṛalya kan
Aglam
Ssinifent ideggan yekkawen anda tella tfukt acku tazermemmuyt ur tettili ara turmidt alamma tezɣeld tfekka-s, dɣa mi ara ad tader tseddart n wezɣal w ad tismiṭ tfekka-ynes tkeččem deg unnegzi d tarurmidt adɣa deg tegrest anda ur tzemmer ara uma ad tečč Deg yixef n tzermemmuyin llant snat n tenzarin. Ma d allen ttwaggẓent sɣur yirgalen yettewliwlen tafekka ynes ɣezzif, d turmidt tettfakka s usallaf ɣezzifen thumb|Tazermemmuyt (Tazermemmuyt
Leɛzib n Zeɛmum
Leɛzib n Zeɛmum (s tefṛensist: Laazib Zamoum; Naciria), d taɣiwant n wegmuḍ (ccerq) n Bumerdas, zedɣen-tt 21.272 n yimezdaɣen. Deg tallit n tuṭṭfa tafṛensist llan ɣɣaren-as Haussonvillers. Tagi d akal n tmurt n Yiflisen Umellil di tmurt n Leqbayel.
Kendira
Muqel Daɣen
Kendira
Legrig
Legrig d yiwet tamurt n wenẓul-agmuḍ n Turuft, deg wenẓul n Tzunegzirt n Balqan di tama n tmurt n Tturk ed Bulgarya.Zedɣen-tt 10,815,197 imezdaɣen. Tamaneɣt-is d Atena. Mechuret s umezruy-is deg Teglest s teɣrema Tagrigit taqburt.
Eswatini
Eswatini d tamurt n Tafriqt Wenẓul. Tajumma-nnes 17.364 km2 (ikilumitren imkuẓen). Zedɣen-tt 1.343.098 n yimezdaɣen (Iswaziyen). Tamaneɣt-nnes d Mbabane.
Ḥidra
Ḥidra (s tefrensist: Hydra), d taɣiwant n twilayt n Ldzayer, tezga-d deg wenẓul-utaram (sud-est) seg temdint n Ldzayer Talemmast. Zedɣen-tt 31.133 n yimezdaɣen.
Taggayt:Dzayer Tamanaɣt