cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Yahaya Abdulkarim
Gọvanọ nke Sokoto Steeti
A họpụtara Abdulkarim dịka gọvanọ nke Sokoto Steeti, Naijiria n'ọnwa Jenụwarị nke afọ 1992, na-anọchite anya National Republican Convention (NRC). Ọ bụ onye ọchịchị General Sani Abacha chụpụrụ ya n'ọchịchị n'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 1993. N’oge ya n'ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, ya na Attahiru Bafarawa, onye isi oche otu NRC na steeti ahụ nwere esemokwu. Esemokwu ahụ dịgidere, mgbe Bafarawa mechara bụrụ Gọvanọ nke Sokoto Steeti n'afọ 1999, ọ gbasoro iwu nke ileghara okporo ụzọ na ụlọ niile nke gọọmentị Abdulkarim wuru. N'afọ 1992, Abdulkarim bịanyere aka na iwu nke guzobere Politeknik nke Talata Mafara, E mechara kpọọ Abdu Gusau Polytechnic.
Ọrụ Emechaa
N’ọnwa Septemba afọ 2002, ahọpụtara Abdulkarim na kọmịlị okpuru nke Ụlọ ọrụ mmepe Niger Delta ka ha leba anya n’ihe gbasara ijeri naịra ruru ijeri naịjirịa nke amalitere na steeti iteghete ndị na-emepụta mmanụ.
A họpụtara Abdulkarim dị ka Onye ozi na-ahụ maka Ọrụ na kabịnetị onye isi ala Olusegun Obasanjo n'ọnwa Julai nke afọ 2005. Ọ nọchiri Alhaji Saleh Shehu n'ọkwa a. N'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2006, ọ kpughere atụmatụ maka usoro mgbake okporo ụzọ sara mbara ma gbasie ike lekwasịrị anya n'oge ekeresimesi. Mgbe achụrụ onye ozi na-ahụ maka ọrụ Adeseye Ogunlewe n'ọrụ n'ọnwa Machị nke afọ 2006, E buliri ya n'ọkwa nke onye ozi na-ahụ mak ọrụ. Mgbe e mesịrị iọbịara n'okpuru ịjụ ase nke Sịnetị maka omume ya mgbe ọ nọ n'ụlọ ọrụ.
Ọ bụ onye na-enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma maka ntuli aka gọvanọ nke Zamfara State n'okpuru otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchi Peoples Democratic (PDP) na nhoputa ndi ochichi nke ọnwa Eprel afọ 2007. Ka ọ na-eru afọ 2007, PDP Zamfara Steeti kewara n'otu abụọ, otu nke Abdulkarim n'edu ya na nke ọzọ nke onye ndụmọdụ ihe gbasara nchekwa obodo nke gara aga bụ General Aliyu Gusau n'edu. N’ọnwa Maachị afọ 2008, Abdulkarim duuru ndị nnọchi anya Zamfara ka ha rịọ onye isi ala nke PDP Vincent Ogbulafor, ka Gusau ghara itinye aka na ihe gbasara otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchi ahụ.
N'ọnwa Ọktọba afọ 2008, a kọrọ na a na-atụle ya maka ọkwa onye ozi na kansụl nke onye isi ala Umaru Yar'Adua.
Ebensidee
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ Òtù:Category:Otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Òtù:Category:Ndị amụrụ n'afọ 1944 Òtù:Category:National Replubican Convention Òtù:Category:Ndị Gọvanọ Sokoto Steeti
Marguerite Poland
Marguerite Poland (amuru 3 Eprel 1950, Johannesburg ) bu onye odee South Africa na onye ode akwukwo akwukwo iri na otu.
Ndụ onwe
Poland rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye na-elekọta mmadụ na Port Elizabeth na Durban. Poland rụkwara ọrụ dị ka ọkà mmụta gbasara agbụrụ na Iziko South African Museum na Cape Town. N'oge na-adịbeghị anya ọ kuziri Bekee otu afọ na St. Andrew's College na Grahamstown, ebe e nyere ya ọrụ ide akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụlọ akwụkwọ iji mee emume ncheta afọ narị na iri ịse nke ntọala ya n'afọ 2005. Mbipụta sitere na The Boy in You: Biography of St Andrew's College, Grahamstown 1855–2005 [2] ka ewepụtara na South Africa na London n'afọ 2008. Poland lụrụ onye ọka iwu, Martin Oosthuizen, onye zụlitekwara na Eastern Cape wee gaa St Andrew's College. Ha nwere ụmụ nwanyị abụọ na ụmụ ụmụ anọ wee kee oge ha n'etiti Durban na Grahamstown ebe ọ na-eme dị ka onye ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na kọleji.
Ọrụ okike
N'ime ọrụ ya bụ Mantis na Ọnwa na Woodash Stars maka abụọ nke ọ nwetara Percy FitzPatrick Award, akwụkwọ abụọ mbụ iji nweta ihe nrite a. Mantis na Ọnwa nwetakwara ihe nrite Sankei Honorable Award maka ntụgharị asụsụ Japanese. Na 1984 o bipụtara The Small Clay Bull (David Philip) na Akụkọ nke Fiery Necked Nightjar (Ravan Press). Odela akwụkwọ ọgụgụ okenye ise. Ụgbọ oloko ahụ gaa Doringbult bụ nkenke edepụtara maka onyinye CNA na Shades maka onyinye M-Net. Shades abụrụla usoro ngụkọ ihe karịrị afọ iri na South Africa dum. A sụgharịrị ya n'asụsụ Dutch ka Schimmen Spel n'afọ 2015 (Ndị mbipụta Mozaik). Akwụkwọ akụkọ ya nke atọ, Iron Love, na-adọta ọtụtụ n'ime mkpali ya site na ndụ nke otu ụmụ nwoke tupu Agha Ukwu nke 1914-1918. Nkwagharị ogbo nke Ingrid Wylde dere ma duzie ya pụtara na National Arts Festival na Grahamstown n'afọ 2006. Ọrụ ya na nso nso a, Recessional for Grace and The Abundant Herds: Ememe Nguni Cattle nke ndị Zulu ka emegharịrị maka ihe nkiri akwụkwọ. Akwụkwọ akụkọ ya, The Keeper bipụtara n'afọ 2014 wee sụgharịa ya n'asụsụ Afrikaans site n'aka Daniel Hugo, akpọrọ Die Bewaker. Nke a sochiri na Ọktoba 2019 site na A Sin of Omission, akwụkwọ akụkọ mere eme nke edobere na Eastern Cape. Akwụkwọ akụkọ ya, St Andrew's College Chapel - akụkọ ihe mere eme: 1955-2018 ka ebipụtara n'afọ 2018. N'ime afọ ndị gafeworonụ, a sụgharịala ọrụ ya n'ọtụtụ asụsụ gụnyere Afrikaans, Dutch, French, na Japanese. A 'họpụtara ya ka ọ pụta na Twentieth Century Children's Writers, 'International Who's Who', nke Cambridge University Press bipụtara na ọ bụ onye edemede pụtara ìhè na ọrụ KZN Literary Tourism.
Ihe nrite ya
Marguerite Poland bụ onye nnata nke mba abụọ Lifetime Achievement Awards maka akwụkwọ Bekee; otu sitere na Ngalaba Arts na Culture n'afọ 2005 wee n'afọ 2010 sitere na onyinye akwụkwọ edemede South Africa.
Poland bụ onye mbụ nwetara ihe nrite Percy FitzPatrick maka akwụkwọ ụmụaka N'afọ 1979 maka Mantis na Ọnwa na n'afọ 1983 ọ meriri ihe nrite ọzọ maka Woodash Stars. N'afọ 1984 ọ natara Japanese Sankei Honorable Award for The Mantis and the Moon na ntụgharị asụsụ.
Poland nwetara onyinye Nielsen Booksellers' Choice Award n'afọ 2015 maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ya, The Keeper : A na-enye ihe nrite a n'aha nke ndị na-ere akwụkwọ South Africa nwere mmasị ịgụ, ịkwalite na ire n'afọ 2014.
N'afọ 2015 ọ meriri ihe nrite Ingwazi maka ntinye aka na akụkọ ọdịnala nke KwaZulu-Natal.
Na 28 Eprel 2016, e nyere Order of Ikhamanga - Silver (OIS) na Marguerite Poland, maka "ntụnye aka ya magburu onwe ya na mpaghara asụsụ ụmụ amaala, akwụkwọ na nkà mmụta ihe ọmụmụ".
Akụkọ mgbe ochie
Enyere aka na:
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations
Mahjoub Sharif
thumb|Mahjoub Sharif Mahjoub Sharif (1 Jenụwarị 1948 2 Eprel 2014), amụrụ dị ka Mahjoub Muhammad Sharif Muhammad, bụ onye mba Sudan na-ede uri, onye nkuzi na onye na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ. A maara ya na Sudan na mba ndị ọzọ na-asụ Arabụ maka uri mkparịta ụka ya na ntinye aka ọha na eze ya, ha abụọ na-agba mbọ ịkwalite ihe kpatara ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya, nnwere onwe, ọdịmma n'ozuzu na njirimara mba. Ndị egwu a ma ama, dị ka Mohammed Wardi na Mohamed Mounir, tinyere uri ya n'egwú, mana ọ mekwara ka a tụọ ya mkpọrọ ugboro ugboro n'okpuru gọọmentị Sudan dị iche iche.
Agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ
A mụrụ Mahjoub Sharif n'ime ime obodo n'ezinụlọ ndị na-ere ahịa ma nọrọ n'oge ọ bụ nwata na Omdurman, mgbe ọ na-eleta ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị n'obodo Arabụ. Ọ hapụrụ ọrụ ezinụlọ ya wee zụọ ya dị ka onye nkuzi na Maridi Instituutu fọ Tịịchasị na Khartoum; mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị ọ bụ onye nkuzi ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị ọtụtụ afọ ọrụ ya. N'ihi uri ya na-akatọ ọchịchị Gaafar Nimeiry, a tụrụ ya mkpọrọ na nke mbụ ya na 1971, ọtụtụ oge n'ụlọ mkpọrọ sochiri ya n'ime afọ 1970, 1980 na 1990. A na-ejikọkwa nke a na nkwụsịtụ ugboro ugboro site na ọrụ ọha na eze na ikike dị mkpirikpi iji gaa n'ihu mgbe a tọhapụrụ ya n'ụlọ mkpọrọ.
Abụ na ihe odide ndị ọzọ
Ọrụ Mahjoub Sharif bụ uri sitere na abụ ụmụaka dị mkpirikpi ruo ogologo abụ mgbanwe. O dekwara egwuregwu na akụkọ mkpirikpi maka ụmụaka, otu n'ime ha bụ nke e bipụtara n'asụsụ Dutch, French na Bekee (lee mbipụta). Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ ezie na ụfọdụ nsụgharị na-enweghị ikike dị, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ na ọ dịghị ihe odide Mahjoub Sharif dị na Bekee ma ọ bụ asụsụ ndị ọzọ. A na-eji ngwakọta nke okwu mkparịta ụka, ihe mara mma, ihe na-atọ ọchị, ma na-ejikwa ike na-etinye aka nke mere ka a kpọọ ya "abụ uri na-agwakọta "ihe ndị a hụrụ na ndụ kwa ụbọchị na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na abụ ịhụnanya na uri maka ụmụaka". A na-egosikarị ụdị abụ ya na uri a na ngwaọrụ nchebe nke ọchịchị mmegbu:
N'ihi ya, asụsụ uri ya nyekwara onwe ya iji kwupụta echiche karịrị okwu gọọmentị, dịka ọmụmaatụ n'oge nkewa nke ugwu na South Sudan, nke e ji ibu iro dị iche iche mara. Mahjoub Sharif kwusiri ike mmetụta nke mwute, ohere efu na nghọta nke ihe ndị a na-ahụkarị na mba abụọ ahụ:
Maka onye otu Rift Valley Institute Magdi El Gizouli, ojiji a nke asụsụ ya ruru n'ókè nke na "ikike pụrụ iche iche iche iche n'echiche ọdịnihu ọzọ na akara ọkụ, nke dabara adaba ọbụna maka ntụrụndụ ụmụaka" mere "akụkụ nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ nke ọgbakọ ndị mmegide mgbe ọ bụla ohere kwere".
Asụsụ Zire
Zire (Sîshëë), nke a makwaara dịka Nere bụ asụsụ Oceanic nke New Caledonia. Ọ na-apụ n'anya kemgbe Eprel 2006. A na-ewere Zire mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka olumba nke Ajië.
Mahjoub Sharif
Mkpọrọ nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị
Mkpọrọ a na-atụ Mahjoub Sharif ugboro ugboro n'okpuru Gaafar Nimeiri na mgbe ahụ n'okpuru Omar al-Bashir dọtara uche Amnesty International na mgbe e mesịrị Afrịka Watch / Human Rights Watch. ; ; ; ; AI Call for Urgent Action, Sudan: fear of torture: Mahjoub Sherif, Salah al-A'alim, Bushra Abdel-Karim (1463/154 AFR 54/20/94 UA 203/94); E mekwara ikpe ya akụkụ nke usoro Prisoners of Consciousness nke BBC, nke David Attenborough gosipụtara. Karịsịa Amnesty International anọgidewo na-enwe mmasị na ikpe ahụ ruo ihe karịrị afọ iri abụọ, site na akụkọ mbụ na 1980, n'ime mkpọsa 1990 iji zigara ya kaadị n'ụlọ mkpọrọ, nke ọ natara ihe dị ka 2,000, na mmemme ekele nke Mahjoub Sharif haziri na London n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2008, mgbe o zighachiri akwụkwọ ozi na adreesị dịnụ.
Ọnwụ
Kemgbe afọ 2004, Mahjoub Sharif anọwo na-arịa ọrịa idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, nke sitere na mmebi nke oge ọ nọrọ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ kpatara ma bụrụ nke ọrịa shuga nke ụdị 2 mere ka ọ dịkwuo mgbagwoju anya. Ọ nwụrụ na 2 Eprel 2014 n'ụlọ ọgwụ dị na Omdurman ma lie ya n'ebe ili ozu Ahmed Sharfi n'otu obodo ahụ.
Ọtụtụ narị ndị Sudan bịara ememe olili ozu ya ma gbasaa ya site na ọtụtụ nnukwu ọwa akụkọ Arabic, n'etiti ha Sky News Arabia, Al Jazeera Arabic, Al Arabiya, na BBC Arabic.
Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara
Al-Soumbulayya (Mkpụrụ ọka dị obere). Azza Publishing House, Khartoum, 1998. (N'asụsụ Arabic)
Zeinab na osisi mango. Abd al-Karim Mirghani Cultural Center, nke e bipụtara na Cairo, 1999. (Original Arabic, bipụtara na Dutch, French na Bekee)
Wallace Rayfield
Wallace Augustus Rayfield (onye amụrụ na Macon, Georgia n'ihe dị ka Mee 10, 1874 ruo Febụwarị 28, 1941) bụ onye nke abụọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na-arụ ọrụ Afrịka Amerịka architect na United States.
Akụkọ ndụ
Rayfield gara ụlọ akwụkwọ na Macon, Georgia tupu ọ kwaga Washington, D.C. mgbe nne ya nwụsịrị. Ọ bụ onye mmụta na ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ihe owuwu mgbe ọ na-aga Mahadum Howard. O mechara nweta asambodo gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Pratt Institute tupu ọ nweta nzere bachelọ ya na ihe owuwu na Mahadum Columbia na 1899. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, Booker T. Washington were ya n'ọrụ na Directorship nke Ngalaba Na-ese Ihe na Mechanical na Tuskegee Institute na Alabama. N'afọ 1907, Rayfield meghere ụlọ ọrụ ọkachamara na Tuskegee ebe ọ na-ere atụmatụ akwụkwọ ozi na mba niile. Ọ kpọkwara "ọfịs alaka" na Birmingham, Montgomery, Mobile na Talladega, Alabama na Atlanta, Savannah, Macon na Augusta, Georgia.
Ọ hapụrụ Tuskegee Institute wee kwaga Birmingham na 1908 iji lekwasị anya n'ọrụ nwata ya. A họpụtara ya dị ka Superintending Architect maka Freedman's Aid Society na Connectional Architect nke African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church.
Maatouk
Maatouk (Arabụ ) bụ aha nna Arabic. Ọ sitere n'okwu Arabụ maka "nnwere onwe" (عتقَ), ma ọ pụtara "nwere onwe pụọ n'ohu", ma ọ bụ "onye nweere onwe ya".
Maatouk ma ọ bụ Maatouq nwekwara ike izo aka na:
Galal Ibrahim
Galal Ibrahim ( nwụrụ na Nọvemba 25 2021 [ ]) bụ onye isi ala ugboro abụọ nke ụlọ egwuregwu bọọlụ Zamalek SC nke Cairo. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ na ndị ọkàikpe dị ka onye ndụmọdụ ma bụrụ onye isi nke Ụlọikpe Mpụ. Ọ duru Zamalek SC site na 1992 ruo 1996, wee weghara onye isi oche nke klọb ahụ nke ugboro abụọ na 2010 ka mmebi nke ntuli aka May 2009, nke Mamdouh Abbas meriri.[ ][ ] Agbanyeghị, Ibrahim gbara arụkwaghịm na Ọgọst 2011 n'ihi nrụgide ego.[ ][ ]
Chaxiraxi
thumb|150x150px|Foto nke Virgin nke Candelaria (Onye Nlekọta nke Canary Islands) na Basilica nke candelariya (Tenerife). Chaxiraxi bụ chi nwanyị, nke a maara dịka Nne Anyanwụ, n'okpukpe nke ndị Guanche bi na Canary Islands. Chaxiraxi bụ otu n'ime chi nwanyị ndị isi nke pantheon Guanche. E jikọtara ya na kpakpando Canopus.
Dịka e kwenyere na ụmụ amaala nke Canary Islands bụ ndị Berber tupu mmepeanya, a na-eche na Chaxiraxi nwere ike ịbụ nke sitere na chi nwanyị Punic-Berber Tanit, e nyere aha dị iche na njirimara. Ụfọdụ na-ejikọkwa ya na ọdịdị a n'ihe dị ka 1392, 1400 maọbụ 1401 nke Virgin nke Candelaria na Güímar, n'àgwàetiti Tenerife, bu nwa ya, Chijoraji.
Okpukpe nke oge a
A na-ewere Chaxiraxi dị ka chi nwanyị bụ isi nke okpukpe ọhụrụ na Chọọchị nke ndị Guanche.
Ȯra Ogun
thumb|Fountain at Olumo Rock in Abeokuta Ogun State bu state no n'ime Naigeria.
Sana Musasama
Sana Musasama bụ ónyé Africa-America na-emepụta ụrọ na ónyé na-ese ihe na mgbasa ozi na New York City. Ọrụ nka ya na ọrụ ya yiri ọrụ ya dị ka ónyé nkụzi na ntinye aka na ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ karịsịa ịzụ ahịa ụmụ nwanyị. A matala ọrụ ya na ọtụtụ onyinye gụnyere Anonymous Was a Woman Award na 2002, Joan Mitchell Painters and Sculptors Grant na 2013, ọ bụkwa ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbè ochie na Harlem Artist-in-Residence na 1983 Xi84. Musasama bụ osote prọfesọ na Hunter College.
Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Musasama na Saint Albans, New York.
O nwèrè BA na Ceramics na Education site na City College (1974) na MFA site na Alfred State College of Ceramics (1987). Ọ gara n'ihu na ọmụmụ ihe ya na Archie Bray Foundation na Helena, Montana; Gakium Designer College na Tokyo, Japan; Tuscarora International School of Ceramics na Tuscarora, Nevada; na Mende Pottery na Mendeland, Sierra Leone.
Edensibia
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Asụsụ Ngayawung
Ngayawung (Ngaiawong) bụ asụsụ na-adịghịzi nke ndịda South Australia, nke ndị Ngaiawang, Ngaralti na Nganguruku na-asụ.
A na-asụpekwa aha ahụ Ngaiyau, Aiawung, Aiawong, Iawung, Nggauaiyowangko; aha ndị ọzọ bụ Birta, Pitta, Pieta, Peeita na Meru.
Salimata Simporé
Salimata Simporé (amụrụ na 29 Jenụwarị 1987) bụ onye Burkinabé na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ dị ka onye na-agbachitere otu egwuregwu Njikọ Njikọ nke Belarus FC Minsk na otu ụmụ nwanyị nke Burkina Faso.
Ọrụ klọb
Simporé gbara bọọlụ na Burkina Faso maka Princes na 2005 na 2015, maka USFA na 2016 na maka Etincelles na 2019. Nọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2006, e debara aha Simporé dị ka onye egwuregwu maka klọb Equatorial Guinean Las Vegas.
Ọrụ mba ụwa
N'agbata afọ 2006 na afọ 2010, Simporé a mụrụ na Burkinabé na-egwuri egwu maka Equatorial Guinea dị ka onye ọkpụkpọ, ebe ọ sonyeere ndị otu Equatorial Guine nke meriri 2008 Asọmpi ụmụnwaanyị Afrịka wee ruo ebe nke abụọ na 2010 Asọmpi ụmụnwaanyị Afrịka, nke nyere Equatorial Guinea ohere iru eru maka 2011 Iko mba ụwa nke FIFA. N'ihe dị ka n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2011, onye nkuzi Brazil a mụrụ n'Ịtali bụ Marcelo Frigerio wepụrụ Simporé n'òtù mba ahụ, onye chere na nso nso a, naanị ọnwa ole na ole tupu ya esonye na Iko Mbaụwa, na Simporé bụ nwoke. Kemgbe ahụ, Equatorial Guinea akpọtụghị Simporé.
Ihe mgbaru ọsọ mba ụwa
Ntinye na nsonaazụ depụtara ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke Equatorial Guinea nke mbụ Ntinye na nsonaazụ depụtara ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke Burkina Faso na mbụ
Arụmụka gbasara nwoke na nwanyị
N'èzí usoro nke Equatorial Guinea mere ka Simporé bụrụ nwa amaala, nnukwu esemokwu bilitere banyere ma Simporé bụ nwoke n'ezie. N'afọ 2015, Frigerio, onye bụbu onye nkuzi otu mba nke Equatorial Guinea, gwara ndị nta akụkọ Brazil Simporé bụ nwoke nezie.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Thelma Awori
Thelma Awori bụ prọfesọ Ugandan, onye bụbu osote odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke United Nations, na onye na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị. A mụrụ ya na ọnwa Machị 25, Na afọ 1943 na Monrovia, Liberia wee bịa Uganda na afọ 1965. Ọ bụ onye bụbu onye Uganda People's Congress, onye gbagara na Movement. Ọ bụ onye na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị n'Afrịka nke kwenyere na ikpe ziri ezi maka ụmụ nwanyị na ịdị irè nke echiche ụmụ nwanyị. O ji mwute hụ oke mmegbu n'ime n'ihi okpukpe na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya.
Agụmakwụkwọ ya
Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Harvard mgbe ọ na-enweta Bachelor of Arts cum laude Social Relations & Cultural Anthropology. Na Mahadum California na Berkeley, ọ nwetara Master of Arts Adult Education & Humanistic Psychology. O nwetara PhD na afọ 2006 na Mahadum Columbia dị na mba New York City.
Ahụmahụ ọrụ Ya
Ọ bi na Uganda ma na-arụ ọrụ na kọntinent Afrịka. Ọ bụ onye nkuzi toro eto nke na-azụlite ndị mmadụ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị gbasara okike na ikpe na-ezighị ezi nke akụ na ụba. Thelma bụ onye nhazi a zụrụ azụ. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka osote onye nduzi na UNIFEM kemgbe na afọ 1990. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka Chief na Africa Section, UNIFEM, New York. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ndụmọdụ na UNIFEM, ILCO nke Netherlands, United Nations Children's Fund, na United States Agency for International Development, kemgbe 1981.
Thelma rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye isi odeakwụkwọ, Commission for Communication Education, World Association for Christian Communication, London, na afọ 1977 na Afọ 1981. Site na na afọ 1973 ruo na afọ 1977, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nkuzi na College of Adult and Distance Education na Mahadum Nairobi, Kenya. N'etiti afọ 1965, ọ bụ onye isi nkuzi na Centre for Continuing Education, Mahadum Makerere, Uganda na-akụzi Sociology. Ọ rụchara ọrụ afọ abụọ dị ka osote odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke United Nations.
Ọ bụ onye isi nchịkwa nke Institute for Social Transformation (IST), ọ na-ejekwa ozi dị ka onye ndụmọdụ ukwu maka Gọọmentị Liberia na Uganda. Ọ na-emetụta iwu na omume gafee kọntinent ahụ. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka osote odeakwụkwọ ukwu na-ahụ maka ụlọ ọrụ UNDP Africa nke dị na New York. Thelma Awori bụ onye isi oche nke Africa Leadership Institute. Ọ bụ onye nnọchi anya nsọpụrụ nke Liberia na Uganda.
Ọ bụ onye isi oche na onye isi oche, Sustainable Market Women's Fund, Liberia n'oge gara aga (Sirleaf Market Women'S Fund) nke nyere ike karịa ụmụ nwanyị ahịa Ogugu 15,000 na Liberia.
Ọrụ ndị ọzọ
Ọ bụ onye otu African Association for Literacy and Adult Education, Nairobi, na American Society for Training and Development. Ọ bụ onye so na Kọmitii Na-eduzi nke African Women's Leadership Network ebe ọ na-ahazi mmemme ndị na-enyere ụmụ nwanyị aka n'ọrụ ugbo ma na-akwado ndị na-ere ahịa ụmụ nwanyị gafee kọntinent ahụ.
Nkọwa nke onwe ya
Ọ lụrụ Aggrey Awori onye bụ Minista na-ahụ maka ozi na teknụzụ nkwukọrịta na Cabinet nke Uganda site na onwa 16 Febụwarị nke afọ 2009 ruo onwa  Mee 27 nke afọ 2011. Aggrey Awori na Thelma Awori zutere na Mahadum Harvard, USA n'afọ 1960 mgbe ha bụ ụmụ akwụkwọ na Mahadim Harvard.
Ebesidee
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Magnolia oaxacensis
Nkọwa
A na-ahazi ụdị ahụ dị ka Magnolia schiedeana, nke sitere na Sierra Madre Oriental, ruo mgbe a matara ya dị ka ụdị dị iche.
Ebe obibi na ebe obibi
Magnolia oaxacensis dị na Sierra Mazateca, akụkụ nke Sierra Madre de Oaxaca na ugwu Oaxaca steeti. N'ihe atụ, ụdị ahụ (EOO) bụ ihe dịka 1000 km2.
Magnolia oaxacensis na-eto n'oké ọhịa igwe ojii site na mita 2,000 ruo 2,100. A na-ahụ ya mgbe ụfọdụ n'akụkụ ọdọ mmiri. Osisi ndị ahụ na-agbasapụkarị n'etiti osisi ndị ọzọ.
Nchekwa
Magnolia oaxacensis nwere obere ebe na ọnụ ọgụgụ na-ebelata. Ọ bụ ihe na-efu site na owuwe ihe ubi osisi gabigara ókè na ntụgharị ala ọhịa gaa n'ọrụ ugbo na anụ ụlọ, ọtụtụ n'ime ebe obibi ya fọdụrụnụ dị na ndagwurugwu. A naghị ahụkarị osisi ndị tozuru etozu na mkpụrụ osisi ma ọ bụ ahịhịa dị nso, mkpụrụ osisi na-amịkwa mkpụrụ. A na-enyocha ọnọdụ nchekwa nke ụdị dị ka ihe nọ n'ihe ize ndụ.
Maamoun
Maamoun bụ aha nna Arabic. Ndị ama ama nwere aha nna gụnyere kwara:
Prossy Akampurira
Prossy Akampurira Mbabazi (amụrụ na 8 Disemba na afo 1987) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Uganda na nwanyị so na ndị omeiwu. N'afọ 2016, a họpụtara ya dị ka onye nnọchi anya nwanyị na nzuko omeiwu maka mpaghara Rubanda, a họpụtara ọzọ maka oge nke abụọ n'ọchịchị na ntuli aka afo 2021 Uganda General.
Agụmakwụkwọ
Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ praịmarị ya n'afọ 2000 na ụlọ akwụkwọ praịm ụmụ nwanyị Rubaga, n'afọ 2004 Prossy gụsịrị akwụkwọ Uganda Certificate of Education (UCE) maka agụmakwụkwọ sekọndrị dị ala na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndary St Mary. Ọ gụsịrị ọkwa sekọndrị dị elu nke a maara dị ka Uganda Advanced Certification of Education (UACE) na afo 2007 na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndary Hana Mixed. N'afọ 2013, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Makerere na nzere bachelọ nke sayensị na agụmakwụkwọ na Kampala.
Ebemsidee
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Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Yusuf Grillo
Yusuf Grillo (1934 - 23 Ọgọstụ 2021) bụ onye na-ese ihe n'oge a na Naijiria nke a maara maka ọrụ ya na-emepụta ihe na ngosiputa nke agba na-acha anụnụ anụnụ n'ọtụtụ ihe osise ya. Ọ bụ onye isi oche nke Society of Nigerian Artists.
Ndụ
A mụrụ Yusuf Grillo na Lagos. A na-ewere Grillo dị ka otu n'ime ndị na-ese ihe na-ahụ mere nke ọma na agụmakwụkwọ na Naịjirịa; ọ pụtara bụrụ onye a ma ama na mmata mba ụwa na 1960s na 1970s, mgbe ọ na-egosipụta nnukwu nchịkọta nke ọrụ mbụ ya. Ọ na-eji ọzụzụ nka ọdịda anyanwụ ya n'ọtụtụ eserese ya, na-ejikọta usoro nka ọdịda anyanwụ na njirimara ihe ọkpụkpụ Yoruba. Mmasị ya maka agba na-acha anụnụ anụnụ na eserese ọdịdị, mgbe ụfọdụ ọ na-adị ka adire ma ọ bụ resist-dye textiles eji na Nigeria. O nwere oge ọ bụ onye isi nke ngalaba nka na mbipụta na Yaba College of Technology.
Ọrụ ndị a ma ama
1983–1999 - Drummers Return nke a na-egosi ugbu a na Yemisi Shyllon Museum of Art
Yousuf Shaaban (actor)
Youssef Shaaban Shemis (Arabic; 16 Julaị 1931[lower-alpha 1] 28 Febụwarị 2021) bụ onye Egypt na-eme ihe nkiri.
Ọrụ
Shaaban malitere ịmụ iwu na Mahadum Ain Shams, mana o mechara gaa gụọ akwụkwọ na Higher Institute of Dramatic Arts wee gụsịa akwụkwọ n'afọ 1962. Ọrụ ya a ma ama bụ na There is a Man in our House n'afọ 1961 ya na Omar Sharif na Rushdy Abaza, The Miracle n'afọ 1962, Cairo n'afọ 1963 ya na George Sanders na Faten Hamama, Mother of the Bride n'afọ 1963 ya ne Taheyya Kariokka, For Men Only n'afọ 1964 ya na Suad Husni na Nadia Lutfi, The Three Loves Her n'afọ 1965, My Wife, the Director General n'afọ 1966 ya na Salah Zulfikar na Shadia. Nwoke nke Abụọ n'afọ 1967, The Idol of People n'afọ 1967 ya na Abdel Halim Hafez na Shadia, The Man Who Lost His Shadow n'afọ 1968 ya na Salah Zulfikar, Kamal El-Shennawi na Magda, An Incident of Honor n'afọ 1971 ya na Zubaida Tharwat na Shoukry Sarhan, Guys in Storm ya na Nelly na Nour El-Sherif, Fear Moments n'afọ 1972 ya na Farid Shawqi na Mervat Amin Mgbe ahụ n'afọ 1972, Shaaban so na Salah Zilfikar na Sabah mee ihe nkiri na Paris ma hụ n'anya. Ọrụ ọzọ ọ rụrụ bụ na Sun and Fog n'afọ 1973, A Woman With a Bad Reputation n'afọ 1973 na Shams al-Baroudi na Mahmoud Yacine, Malatily Bathhouse n'afọ 1973, The Bullet is Still in My Pocket n'afọ 1974, The Guilty n'afọ 1975 na Hussein Fahmy, Salah Zulfikar na Soheir Ramzi. Days in London n'afọ 1976 na Samira Tewfik, Cheta M n'afọ 1978 na Naglaa Fathi, The Iron Woman n'afọ 1987 na NaglaaFathi na Farouk al-Fishawy, Fakhfakhino n'afọ 2009, The Elephant on Handkerchief n'afọ 2011 na Talaat Zakaria, na The Fourth Pyramid n'afọ 2016. Ọ mara ọkwa na ọ lara ezumike nká n'afọ 2017. Otú ọ dị, o mechara laghachi n'ime ihe nkiri, nke o nwere ọrụ na Esh Al-Dababir, nke e mere na Beirut na mbido afọ 2021.
Ndụ onwe
Ọ lụrụ nwanyị ugboro anọ, ebe o nwere otu nwa nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị abụọ. Ọ lụrụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri, Leila Taher, ruo afọ anọ. Mgbe ahụ ọ lụrụ Nadia Chirine, nwa nwanyị Fawzia Fuad nke Egypt, onye ya na ya nwere nwa nwanyị, Sinai. O mechara lụọ onye ọzọ na-eme ihe nkiri, Seham Fathi. N'afọ 1989, ọ lụrụ onye Kuwait, Iman Shreaan, onye ya na ya nwere nwa nwanyị ọzọ, Zainab, na nwa nwoke, Murad.
Ọnwụ
N'ọnwa Febụwarị 2021, ọ butere COVID-19 n'oge ọrịa COVID-19 na Egypt, a nabatara ya n'ụlọ ọgwụ Dokki, wee kpọga ya n'Ụlọ ọgwụ Al-Agouza dị na Giza. N'abalị iri abụọ na asatọ n'ọnwa Febụwarị, ọ nwụrụ site na nsogbu ndị metụtara COVID-19. E liri ya n'ebe ili ozu nke 6 nke Ọktoba.
Uche Ogbodo
Uche Ogbodo (amụrụ n'abali iri na asaa nke onwa Mee n'afọ 1986) bụ film actress na producer si Naijiria.
Mmalite Ndụ
Amụrụ ya na Steeti Enugwu. Njem Ogbodo na Nollywood malitere site na mkpebi nna ya n'idebanye aha ya na Actors Guild of Nigeria na steeti Enugwu. Kemgbe ọ bidoro n'afọ 2006, ọ meela ọtụtụ ihe nkiri.
Ihe Nkiri Ahọpụtara
Be my val
Family Romance
Festac Town
Gamblers
Girl Child (2018)
Broken Pieces (2018)
His Holiness
His Last Action
Honour My Will
The Laptop
Light Out
Over Heat
Ovy's Voice
Power of Beauty
Price of Fame
Royal Palace
sacrifice for Marriage
Simple Baby
Spirit of Twins
Yankee Girls
Mummy Why (2016)
Commitment Shy
Only Love
Caught Up
Njikọ dị na mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ Òtù:Category:Ndị si Enugwu steetị Òtù:Category:Ụmụ nwaanyi igbo na-eme ihe nkiri Òtù:Category:Ndị amụrụ n'afọ 1986
Sihem Badi
Sihem Badi bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Tunisia. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka Minista na-ahụ maka ihe gbasara ụmụ nwanyị n'okpuru Praịm Minista Hamadi Jebali.
A mụrụ Sihem Badi na June 12, 1967 na Tozeur. Ọ natara PhD na Medical Studies na Mahadum Paris. thumb|Sihem Badi , she was a member of the Congress for the Republic political party. In 1992, she was sentenced to two years in prison after she condemned former President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, and she went to France in exile.
Wendy Shay
thumb|Wendy Addi.jpg Wendy Asiamah Addo (amụrụ na 20 Febụwarị 1996), nke a maara site na aha egwu Wendy Shay, bụ onye na-agụ egwu Ghana. Na Machị 2021, ọ nọ n'etiti Top 30 Most Influential Women in Music site na 3Music Awards Women's Brunch.
Sihem Badi
N'abalị iri abụọ na ise n'ọnwa Machị afọ puku abụọ na iri na atọ, ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe gbakọtara iji chọọ ka Badi gbaa arụkwaghịm mgbe ọ boro onye na-elekọta ụlọ akwụkwọ ụta maka ndina n'ike nke nwa agbọghọ dị afọ atọ n'ezinụlọ nwa agbọghọ ahụ.
Wendy Shay
Mmalite ya
A mụrụ Wendy Shay na 20 Febụwarị 1996 na Accra, mpaghara dịpụrụ adịpụ nke Greater Accra Region nke Ghana. Mgbe nna ya nwụsịrị, ya na ụmụnne ya atọ kwagara Stuttgart, Germany. Ịhụnanya Wendy nwere maka egwu toro mgbe nna ya nwụsịrị mgbe ọ dị afọ anọ.
Ọ gara Morning Star School na St Martin de Porres na Accra tupu ọ kwaga Stuttgart ebe ọ gara n'ihu na agụmakwụkwọ ya site na klaasị 7 (JHS 1). Ọ gakwara ụlọ akwụkwọ egwu na Bernhausen na Germany.
Ọrụ
Ọ bụ Rufftown Records Manager Bullet mere ka ọ mara egwu ma bịanye aka na Jenụwarị 2018 mgbe ọnwụ mberede nke onye ibe ya Ebony Reigns. Na 1 June 2018, Wendy Shay wepụtara egwu izizi ya "Uber Driver", nke MOG Beatz mepụtara. A tọhapụrụ abụ ahụ na vidiyo gọọmentị n'otu ụbọchị ahụ.
N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, e jidere Wendy Shay dị ka Ahenemba Hemaa nke Gomoa Afransi na Central Region (Ghana) na aha oche Queen Ewurabena Ofosuhemaa Shay 1.
Onye nnọchi anya akara
Wendy Shay bụ onye nnọchi anya akara maka Youth Employment Agency (YEA) na Ghana.
E nwere esemokwu banyere ịchụpụ Wendy dị ka onye nnọchi anya akara maka Ụlọ Ọrụ Ọrụ Ọrụ Ndị Ntorobịa (YEA) mana e mechara kwado na ọ ka bụ onye nnọchianya.
Egwuregwu
Wendy Shay emeela n'ọtụtụ ihe omume gụnyere Miss Ghana 2018 Finals, RTP Awards Africa 2018, BF Suma Ghana Connect 18 concert.
N'ọnwa Disemba 2019, ọ rụkwara ọrụ na Ghana's Afronation Music Festival.
Ndị uwe ojii kwụsịrị arụmọrụ ya na Belgium na Ghana Culture Festival 2022.
Ihe odide
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations
David Kwaku Ziga
'Mkpúrù èdè íkeDavid Kwaku Ziga' bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Ghana na ọkpụite. Ọ bụ onye omeiwu maka mpaghara Afadzato site n'afọ 1965 ruo afọ 1966, ọ bụkwa onye na-elekọta Ọrụ Ziga Pottery na Ceramịk.
Mmalite ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Ziga na mkpụrụ ụbọchị 20 n'ọnwa Eprel nke afọ 1922 na Have Etoe na Afadzato South District, Volta Region. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Agate E. P. Prịmarị Skọọl na E. P. Middle School na Kpando. O mechara gaa Achimota College iji mụọ Nka na Ọrụ aka site n'afọ 1940 ruo afọ 1944. N'afọ 1952, o ritere akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ gọọmentị iji mụọ ihe omume ite na ụrọ nke afọ abụọ (2) na North Staffordshire Technical College (nke bụzi Mahadum Staffordshire).
Ọrụ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị
E nyere Ziga aka na ike okpuru ọchịchị Middle School na Akwatia ebe o guzobere otu ite na ụrọ n'etiti afọ 1946 n'ọnwa Julaị 1948. Site na Ọgọọst nke afọ 1948 ruo afọ 1951 ọ kụziri na Achimota College. Mgbe ọ rusiri ọrụ dị ka onye nkuzi na Achimota College, ọ tọrọ ntọala ụlọ ọrụ ite na ụrọ na Ve Koloenu n'afọ 1951.
Ndụ onwe onye
Ihe omume ntụrụndụ ya gụnyere Iawn tennis na ọdịmma ọha na eze.
2012 Sahel drought
2012 nwèrè oke ọkọchị na Sahel, mpaghara semiarid nkè Africa nké dị n'etiti Sahara na savanna. Mba ndị dị na mpaghara a bụ Senegal, Mauritania, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, Nigeria, Chad, Sudan, na Eritrea. Oké ọkọchị na Sahel na-eme ugboro ugboro ma na-ebelata obere mmiri na-enye ma na-emetụta akụ na ụba nkè mba ndị na-emepe emepe na mpaghara ahụ.
Oké ọkọchị n'ọdịnihu nke mpaghara Sahel
Oké ọkọchị na-aghọwanye ihe a na-ahụkarị, nke ka njọ ma na-eyi egwu n'ihi okpomọkụ ụwa. Nkọwa nwéré ike ịbụ màkà ọnọdụ mmiri ozuzo bụ mgbakwunye nke ihe omume oceanography a na-akpọ El Niño. Otu echiche bụ na evaporation na-eme n'ụzọ dị elu n'ihi mgbanwe nkè okpomọkụ dị n'elu Oké Osimiri, nkè a na-emetụta oke mmiri ozuzo mpaghara Sahel na-enweta Ihe ọzọ ị ga-eburu n'uche bụ mmeghachi omume nke ikuku anyị na ihe na-akpali akpali dị ka gas na ikuku ikuku na ikuku carbon. áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|300x300px|Ógbè Sahel bụ ógbè ruru 1,000 kilomita n'obosara nke gafere Afrịka site n'Oké Osimiri Atlantic ruo n'Osimiri Uhie
Oké Ụnwụ Ụnwụ
Valerie Amos, UN Humanitarian Chief n'afọ 2012, wepụtara nkwupụta n'ime afọ ahụ na-ekwu na ihe karịrị nde mmadụ iri na ise enweghị nri na-edozi ahụ na West Africa na mpaghara Sahel. Isi ihe kpatara ụnwụ nri ahụ bụ ụkọ mmiri ozuzo nkè Sahel, nké sitere na ngwakọta nkè ihe ọkụkụ na-akụ afọ n'ala na El Niño.
Mauritania na Chad dekọrọ mfu n'ihe ọkụkụ nke ihe karịrị pasenti iri ise ma e jiri ya tụnyere afọ 2011. Ihe oriri dị n'ógbè ndị ahụ metụtara dị ala ma jikọta ya na ọnụahịa ọka na-arị elu site na pasenti iri isii ruo iri asatọ na ise ma e jiri ya tụnyere nkezi n'ime afọ ise gara aga. Na Chad naanị nsogbu nri a metụtara ihe dị ka nde mmadụ 3.6. N'ébé ndị dị ka Burkina Faso, ihe karịrị nde 2.8 na-ata ahụhụ n'agụụ ma na Senegal, ihe karịrị narị puku asatọ enweghị ihe zuru ezu iji rie.
Kirsten Miller
Kirsten Miller (amụrụ na afo 1973) bụ onye edemede America na onye okike nke usoro akwụkwọ Kiki Strike. Akwụkwọ mbụ ya na usoro, Kiki Strike: Inside the Shadow City, pụtara na afo 2006. Akwụkwọ ya nke abụọ na usoro, The Empress's Tomb, pụtara na October afo 2007. Usoro a na-akọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Kiki Strike, Ananka Fishbein na ndị enyi ha na New York City. N'afọ 2001, ọnụ ụlọ dị n'ihu nke ebe a na-elekọta ndị agadi Manhattan dara iji kpughee ọnụ ụlọ dị n'okpuru ala, na-enye Kirsten echiche maka akwụkwọ mbụ, nke edobere na tunnels na ọnụ ụlọ dị n'okpuru obodo ahụ. O kere Kiki Strike and the Irregulars (aha ya Sherlock Holmes ' Baker Street Irregulars ) iji nyochaa ụzọ nzuzo ndị a.
Akwụkwọ nke mbụ n’ime usoro ya ndị ọzọ, Ndị Ebighị Ebi, ka ewepụtara Ọgọst 10, 2010.
Ọ bụ onye na-ede akwụkwọ nke usoro ụmụaka nwere akwụkwọ atọ na Jason Segel aha ya bụ Nightmares!, nke e wepụtara akwụkwọ mbụ n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 2014.
Kirsten Miller bi ma na-arụ ọrụ na New York City.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Angela Merkel
Angela Dorothea Merkel ( German: [ˈaŋɡela doʁoˈteːa ˈmɛʁkl̩] ([lower-alpha 1] née Kasner ; amuru 17 Julaị 1954) bu onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na onye sayensi lara ezumike nka nke jere ozi dị ka onye chancellor nke mba Germany site na 2005 ruo 2021. Onye otu Christian Democratic Union (CDU), ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ndu nke otú mmegide site na 2002 ruo 2005 yana onye ndu nke CDU site na 2000 ruo 2018. Merkel bụ nwanyị mbụ bu Chancellor nke Germany. N'oge ya dị ka Chancellor, Merkel bu onye a na-akpọkarị onye isi nke European Union (EU) na nwanyị kachasị ike n'ụwa.
A mụrụ Merkel na Hamburg dị na West Germany n'oge ahụ, ha kwagara East Germany mgbe ọ ka bu nwa ọhụrụ mgbe nna ya, onye ụkọchukwu Lutheran, natara ibu onye ụkọchukwu na Perleberg. O nwetara akara ugo mmụta doctorate na quantum chemistry na 1986 wee rụọ ọrụ dị ka ọkà mmụta sayensị nyocha ruo 1989. Merkel banyere ndoro-ndoro ochichi n'ihi mgbanwe nke afọ 1989, na-eje ozi nwa oge dị ka osote ọnụ na-ekwuchitere Gọọmenti East Germany nke a họpụtara n'ọchịchị onye kwuo uche nke ọ bu Lothar de Maizière na-eduzi ya. Mgbe German jikọrọ ọnụ na 1990, a họpụtara Merkel na Bundestag maka steeti nke Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Dị ka onye na-amụ ihe n'aka Chancellor Helmut Kohl, a họpụtara Merkel ka ọ bụrụ Minista na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị na ndị ntorobịa na 1991, emesịa ghọọ Minista na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi, Nchekwa ihe ekere eke na Nchekwa ihe agha na 1994. Mgbe e meriri CDU na ntuli aka gọọmenti etiti e mere n'afọ 1998, e mere Merkel ode akwukwọ ukwuu tụtụ o wee bụrụ nwanyị mbụ e mere onye isi nke otu mmegide ọchịchị afọ abụọ ka e mechara, mgbe ihe asiri onyinye nke kwaturu Wolfgang Schauble.
N'ịgbaso ntuli aka gọọmenti etiti 2005, a họpụtara Merkel ka ọ bụrụ onye ga-anọchi Gerhard Schröder dị ka Chancellor nke Germany, na-eduga nnukwu njikọ aka nke CDU, nakwa otu ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị Bavarian bụ Christian Social Union (CSU) na Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). Merkel bụ nwanyị mbụ a họpụtara dị ka Chancellor, na Chancellor nke mbụ kemgbe ejikọtara ọnụ ka a zụlitere na East Germany. Na ntuli aka gọọmenti etiti 2009, CDU nwetara oke kachasị nke votu ahụ, Merkel wee nwee ike ịmepụta ọchịchị mmekorita na Free Democratic Party (FDP). Na ntuli aka gọọmenti etiti 2013, otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Merkel, CDU meriri mmeri dị ukwuu nke bu 41.5% nke votu ma guzobe njikọ ukwu nke abụọ na SPD, mgbe FDP tụfuru ihe nnọchiteanya ya niile na Bundestag. Na ntuli aka gọọmenti etiti 2017, Merkel duuru CDU ka ọ bụrụ otu kachasị ukwuu maka oge nke anọ; Merkel hibere nnukwu njikọta nke atọ ya na SPD e wee mee ya, na njikọta ọnụ nke anọ, dị ka Chancellor na 14 Maachị 2018.
Na amụma mba ọzọ, Merkel kwusiri ike maka mmekorita mba ụwa, ma n'ọnọdụ EU na NATO, na ime ka mmekọrịta akụ na ụba transatlantic sie ike. Na 2008, Merkel jere ozi dị ka Onye isi oche nke European Council ma rụọ ọrụ dị mkpa na mkparịta ụka nke Nkwekọrịta nke Lisbon na Nkwupụta Berlin. Merkel rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịchịkwa nsogbu ego zuru ụwa ọnụ nke 2007-2008 yana nsogbu ụgwọ nke Europe. Ọ kpalitere atụmatụ mkpali 2008 European Union na- elekwasị anya na mefu akụrụngwa yana itinye ego ọha na eze iji gbochie nnukwu nlaazu ego. N'ime amụma ụlọ, mmemme Energiewende nke Merkel lekwasịrị anya na mmepe ike n'ọdịnihu, na-achọ iwepụ ike nuklia na Germany, belata nkesa ikuku griin, na ịbawanye isi mmalite ike mmeghari ohuru. Ndozigharị na Bundeswehr nke kagburu ndenye aha, mmezi ahụike yana nzaghachi gọọmentị ya na nsogbu ndị njem mba Europe nke afọ 2010 na ọrịa COVID-19 na Germany bụ isi okwu n'oge ọchịchị ya. Ọ jere ozi dị ka onye isi G7 sitere na 2011 ruo 2012 yana ọzọ site na 2014 ruo 2021. N'afọ 2014, ọ ghọrọ onye isi ọchịchị nọ n'ọkwa na EU. N'October 2018, Merkel kwupụtara na ọ ga-aritu dị ka Onye Ndú nke CDU na nnọkọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ, na ọ gaghị achọ ichi ọchịchị nke ise dị ka Chancellor na ntuli aka gọọmenti etiti 2021.
Mmalite ndụ
áká_èkpè|thumb|282x282px| Ndị nne na nna nna Merkel mgbe ha gbara akwụkwọ, Margarethe na onye ọlụlụ, Ludwik Marian Kaźmierczak na uwe ndị agha Polish Blue ya. A mụrụ Merkel dika Angela Dorothea Kasner na 1954, na Hamburg, West Germany, ada Horst Kasner (1926-2011; né Kaźmierczak), onye pastọ Lutheran na onye obodo Berlin, na nwunye ya Herlind (1928). –2019; née Jentzsch), amụrụ na Danzig (nke bu Gdańsk, Poland ugbu a), onye nkuzi Bekee na Latin . O nwere ụmụnne abụọ ndị ọ tọrọ, Marcus Kasner, ọkà mmụta sayensị, na Irene Kasner, onye na-ahụ maka ọgwụgwọ ọrụ. N'oge ọ bụ nwata na ntorobịa, a maara Merkel n'etiti ndị ọgbọ ya dika "Kasi", nke sitere na aha ikpeazụ ya Kasner.
Merkel sitere na German na Polish. Nna nna ya, Ludwik Kasner, bụ onye uwe ojii German nke agbụrụ Poland, bụ onye sonyere na mgba Poland nwere maka nnwere onwe na mmalite narị afọ nke iri abụọ Ọ lụrụ nne nne Merkel Margarethe, onye German si Berlin, ma kwaga n'obodo ya ebe ọ na-arụ ọrụ dịka onye uwe ojii. N'afọ 1930, ha wepụrụ aha Polish Kaźmierczak ka ọ bụrụ Kasner. Ndị nne na nna nne Merkel bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Danzig Willi Jentzsch, na Gertrud Alma née Drange, nwa nwanyị nke onye odeakwụkwọ obodo Elbing (ugbu a Elbląg, Poland) Emil Drange. Kemgbe etiti 1990s, Merkel ekwupụtala ihe nketa Polish n'ihu ọha ọtụtụ oge wee kọwaa onwe ya dị ka onye bu ọkara Polish, mana mgbọrọgwụ Polish ya ka a bịara mara nke ọma n'ihi akụkọ ndụ ya n'afọ 2013.
Okpukpe rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpa na njem ezinụlọ Kasner mere nke ha si West Germany gaa East Germany. Nna nna Merkel bubu onye Katọlik mana ezinụlọ ahụ dum tụgharịrị na Lutheranism n'oge nna ya bụ nwata, onye mechara mụọ nkà mmụta okpukpe Lutheran na Heidelberg na Hamburg. N’afọ 1954, mgbe Angela dị nanị ọnwa atọ, nna ya nwetara ọrụ ịbụ onye pastọ na chọọchị dị na Quitzow. (otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke Perleberg na Brandenburg), nke dị na East Germany mgbe ahụ. Ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Templin ebe Merkel tolitere n'ime obodo nke di kilomita iri itoolu (mailu iri ise) n'akụkụ ugwu nke East Berlin.
Na 1968, Merkel sonyeere Free German Youth (FDJ), òtù ndị ntorobịa ọchịchị Kọmunist nke ndị otu Marxist-Leninist Socialist Unity Party nke Germany na-akwado. Ịbụ onye otu ahụ bụ nke afọ ofufo, ma ọ na-esiri ndị na-esoghị ike ịbanye na mahadum. Ọ sonyeghị n'ememme ọbịbịa nke afọ Jugendweihe, otu ọ dị, nke a na-ahụkarị na East Germany. Kama, a kwadoro ya. N'oge a, ọ sonyere n'ọtụtụ ọmụmụ Akwụkwọ na mmanye na Marxism-Leninism na akara ule ya naanị ka a na-ewere dị ka nke "zuru oke". Merkel mechara kwuo na "Ndụ na GDR na-adịkarị mfe mgbe ụfọdụ n'ụzọ ụfọdụ, n'ihi na enwere ihe ụfọdụ mmadụ na-enweghị ike imetụta."
Agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ sayensị
N'ụlọ akwụkwọ Merkel mụtara ịsụ Russian nke ọma, e wee nye ya ihe nrite maka ịma nka na Russian nakwa mgbakọ na mwepụ. Ọ bụ onye kacha mma na klas ya na mgbakọ na mwepụ nakwa asụsụ Russian, wee gụchaa akwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ ya na nkezi Abitur kacha mma 1.0.
Merkel gara n'ihu na agụmakwụkwọ ya na Mahadum Karl Marx, Leipzig, ebe ọ gụrụ physics site na 1973 ruo 1978. Mgbe ọ bụ nwa akwụkwọ, o sonyeere na nrụgharị nke mkpọmkpọ ebe nke Moritzbastei, ihe ụmụ akwụkwọ malitere ịmepụta ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ nke ha na ụlọ akwụkwọ. Usoro dị otú ahụ bụ nke a na-enwetụbeghị ụdị ya na GDR nke oge ahụ, mahadum guzogidekwara ya na mbụ. Site na nkwado nke ndị isi obodo nke SED ọzọ, e kwere ka ọrụ ahụ gaa n'ihu.
N'ihe na-eru nso n'ọgwụgwụ nke ọmụmụ ya, Merkel chọrọ ịbụ osote prọfesọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ injinia. Dị ka ọnọdụ maka inweta ọrụ ahụ, a gwara Merkel na ọ ga-ekweta ka ọ kọọ akụkọ banyere ndị ọrụ ibe ya na ndị ọrụ nke Ministry for State Security (Stasi). Merkel jụrụ, na-eji ngọpụ na ya enweghị ike idebe ihe nzuzo nke ọma ka ọ bụrụ onye nledo dị irè.
Merkel rụrụ ọrụ ma mụọ akwụkwọ na Central Institute for Physical Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences na Berlin-Adlershof site na 1978 ruo 1990. Na mbụ ya na di ya gbadara ụkwụ na Mitte. Na Academy of Sciences, ọ ghọrọ onye otu nke FDJ ya. Dị ka ndị bubu ndị ọrụ ibe ya si kwuo, ọ gbasapụrụ ozi nke Marxism n'ihu ọha dịka odeakwụkwọ nke "Agitation and Propaganda". Otú ọ dị, Merkel gọnahụrụ nkwupụta a ma kwuo na ọ bụ odeakwụkwọ maka omenala, nke gụnyere ihe omume dị ka ịnweta tiketi ihe nkiri na ịhazi okwu site na nleta ndị edemede Soviet. O kwuru, sị: "M nwere ike ịdabere naanị na ncheta m, ọ bụrụ na ihe dị iche, enwere m ike ibi ndụ na nke ahụ."
Mgbe o nwetasịrị akara ugo mmụta doctorate ( Dr. rer. nat. ) maka tesis ya na chemistry quantum na 1986, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nyocha wee bipụta ọtụtụ akwụkwọ. Na 1986, o nwere ike ịgaghari wee jee West Germany ịga otu ọgbakọ; o sonyekwara n'ihe ọmụmụ asụsụ ọtụtụ izu na Donetsk, nke dị na Rịpọblik Soviet Socialist Republic nke Ukraine mgbe ahụ.
Njikọta German, 1989–1991
thumb| Lothar de Maizière na Merkel, 1990 Ọdịda nke Mgbidi Berlin na Nọvemba 1989 jere ozi dị ka ihe kpalitere ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Merkel. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ soghi n'ememe ìgwè mmadụ ahụ n'abalị ahụ mgbidi ahụ dara, otu ọnwa ka e mesịrị Merkel tinyere aka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-eto eto, na-esonye na otu ọhụrụ Demokratischer Aufbruch (DA, ma ọ bụ na Bekee " Democratic Beginning "). Onye isi otu ahụ, Wolfgang Schnur họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ ọnụ na-ekwuchitere ndị nta akụkọ nke otu ahụ na February 1990. Otú ọ dị, e kpughere Schnur dika onye rụrụ ọrụ maka Stasi nanị izu ole na ole tupu ntuli aka nke mbụ (na naanị) na 1990 ma emesịa chụpụ ya na pati ahụ. DA dara n'ihi ya, naanị ndị otu anọ ka ha họpụtara na Volkskammer. Otú ọ dị, n'ihi na DA bụ onye òtù nke Alliance for Germany, bụ nke meriri nhoputa ndi ochichi na oke ala, e tinyere DA n'òtù gọọmenti. Ya mere a họpụtara Merkel onye osote onye na-ekwuchitere gọọmentị ọhụrụ na nke ikpeazụ n'okpuru Lothar de Maizière.
Merkel masịrị de Maiziere otú o si mesoo ndị nta akụkọ na-ajụ ọrụ onye isi otu pati Wolfgang Schnur dị ka " onye ọrụ nchekwa" na ndị ọrụ nchekwa obodo. N'April 1990, DA jikọtara na East German Christian Democratic Union, nke n'aka nke ya jikọtara ya na ogbo ọdịda anyanwụ ya mgbe njikọta.
Minista nke ụmụ nwanyị na ndị ntorobịa, 1991–1994
Na ntuli aka gọọmenti etiti nke mba Germany e mere n'afọ 1990, nke mbụ e mere na-esochi njikọta, Merkel guzoro ma merie na ntuli aka na Bundestag na mpaghara omeiwu nke Stralsund - Nordvorpommern - Rügen na north Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. O nwetara nkwado dị mkpa nke onye minista CDU na-akpa ike n'oge ahụ na onye isi oche pati steeti Günther Krause. O meriri nhoputa ndi ozo site na mpaghara a (a kpọgharịrị aha ya, nke nwere oke a gbanwetụrụ, Vorpommern-Rügen - Vorpommern-Greifswald I na 2003) na ntuli aka gọọmenti asaa emere kemgbe ahụ. Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ozugbo ọ banyere na nzuko omeiwu, Chancellor Helmut Kohl họpụtara Merkel ka ọ bụrụ onye minista na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị na ndị ntorobịa na ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị etiti. Ozi a bụ nke kacha nta na nke kachasi ike n'ime ministri atọ ndị e si na Ministri maka ahụike, ndị agadi, ezi na ụlọ na ndị ntorobịa emebere.
Na Nọvemba 1991, Merkel, na nkwado nke CDU gọọmenti etiti, gbara ọsọ maka nduzi nke CDU agbata obi na Brandenburg. Ọ tụfuru Ulf Finke; Nke a bụ naanị ntuli aka nke Merkel na-emerighi emeri ruo taa.
Onye minista na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi, 1994–1998
thumb| Merkel na akwụkwọ mmado mgbasa ozi CDU, 1995 Na 1994, a kwalitere ya ka ọ bụrụ onye Minista maka gburugburu ebe obibi na nchekwa nuklia, bụ nke nyere ya ọhụụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ka ukwuu na ikpo okwu iji wuo ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke onwe ya. Dị ka otu n'ime ndị nkwado Kohl n'ọrụ Minista nke yaya, Kohl na-akpọkarị ya mein Mädchen ("nwa m nwanyị").
Onye odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke CDU, 1998–2000
Mgbe e meriri Gọọmenti Kohl na ntuli aka 1998, a họpụtara Merkel onye odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke CDU, bụ isi ọnọdụ dịka otu ahụ abụghịzi akụkụ nke gọọmentị etiti. Merkel lekọtara ọtụtụ CDU na isii n'ime ntuli aka steeti asaa na 1999, na-emebi ogologo oge SPD-Green na Bundesrat. N'ịgbaso asịrị ego nke otu pati mebie ọtụtụ ndị isi CDU - gụnyere Kohl n'onwe ya na onye nọchiri ya dị ka onye ndu CDU, Wolfgang Schäuble - Merkel katọrọ onye ndụmọdụ mbụ ya n'ihu ọha wee kwado mmalite ọhụrụ maka nnọkọ ahụ na-enweghị ya.
Ụfọdụ ihe ịga nke ọma
Mgbe emerichara Stoiber na 2002, na mgbakwunye ọrụ ya dị ka onye ndu CDU, Merkel ghọrọ onye ndu nke mmegide na Bundestag ; Friedrich Merz, onye jigoro ọkwa ahụ tupu ntuli aka 2002, mere ka ọ dị mfe imere Merkel ohere. Stoiber họpụtara Merkel.
Merkel kwadoro nnukwu mgbanwe maka usoro akụ na ụba na mmekọrịta ọha na eze nke Germany, a na-ewerekwa ya dị ka onye na-aga ahịa karịa otu nke ya (CDU). Ọ kwadoro mgbanwe iwu ndị ọrụ German, na-ewepụ ihe mgbochi nke ịchụpụ ndị ọrụ yana ịbawanye ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ mmadụ nwere ike iru n'ime otu izu. Ọ rụrụ ụka na iwu ndị dị adị na-eme ka obodo ahụ ghara ịsọ mpi, n'ihi na ụlọ ọrụ enweghị ike ịchịkwa ụgwọ ọrụ n'ụzọ dị mfe mgbe azụmahịa na-eji nwayọ.
Merkel rụrụ ụka na Germany kwesịrị iwepụ ike nuklia ngwa ngwa karịa etụ ọchịchị Schröder zubere.
Merkel kwadoro mmekorita transatlantic siri ike na ọbụbụenyi German na America. N'oge opupu ihe ubi nke 2003, na mmegide ọha na eze siri ike, Merkel bịara kwado maka mbuso agha nke Iraq n'afọ 2003, na-akọwa ya dị ka "nke a na-apụghị izere ezere" na ebubo Chancellor Gerhard Schröder nke mgbochi America. Ọ katọrọ nkwado gọọmentị maka ịbanye Turkey na European Union ma kwado " mmekọrịta ihe ùgwù " kama. N'ime nke a, o gosipụtara echiche ọha na eze nke na-emegide mbanye ndị Turkey banyere na European Union.
Ntuli aka mba 2005
Na 30 May 2005, Merkel meriri nhọpụta CDU/CSU dị ka onye na-ama aka Chancellor Gerhard Schröder nke SPD na ntuli aka mba 2005. Ndị otu ya malitere mgbasa ozi ahụ site n'isi isi iri abụọ na otu n'isi SPD na ntuli aka echiche nke mba, n'agbanyeghị na ewu ewu onwe ya kwụsịrị n'azụ nke onye nọ n'ọchịchị. Agbanyeghị, nke a, mkpọsa CDU/CSU tara ahụhụ mgbe Merkel mere ka ikike akụ na ụba bụrụ isi na ikpo okwu CDU, nnukwu mgbagwoju anya yana ego net ugboro abụọ n'oge arụmụka telivishọn. Ọ nwetaghachiri ume mgbe o kwusịrị na ọ ga-ahọpụta Paul Kirchhof, onye bụbu onye ọka ikpe na Ụlọikpe Iwu German na onye isi ọkachamara gbasara amụma gbasara ego, dị ka Minista ego.
Merkel na CDU tụfuru ala mgbe Kirchhof tụpụtara iwebata ụtụ isi dị larịị na Germany, na-emebikwa mkpesa sara mbara nke otu ahụ na ihe omume akụ na ụba na ime ka ọtụtụ ndị ntuli aka kwenye na ikpo okwu nke CDU bu naani ihe e mere ka ọ baara naanị ndị ọgaranya uru. Nke a gbagoro site n'atụmatụ Merkel ịwelite VAT iji belata mperi Germany wee mejupụta oghere dị na ụtụ isi n'ụtụ isi. Ndị SPD nwere ike ịbawanye nkwado ha nanị site n'ikwe nkwa na ha agaghị ewebata ụtụ isi dị larịị ma ọ bụ mụbaa VAT. Ọ bụ ezie na ọkwa Merkel gbakere onwe ya mgbe o wepụrụ onwe ya na atụmatụ Kirchhof, ọ nọgidere na-ewu ewu nke ukwuu karịa Schröder, mana ịbụ ụzọ nke CDU gbadara n'abalị nke ntuli aka.