cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Dangote Group
Akụkọ ihe mere eme
N'afọ 2016, Dangote bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ya na otu CNOOC maka ntinye nke nnukwu paịpụ mmiri n'okpuru mmiri. Paịpụ ahụ, mgbe arụchara ya ga-esi na Bonny (Rivers State) gafee Ogedegbe, Olokola ruo Lekki na paịpụ Escravos Lagos, n'ikpeazụ kwụsị na West Africa Gas Pipeline.
Nchịkọta
E guzobere Dangote Group na ngwụcha afọ 1970, mgbe Aliko Dangote guzobere ụlọ ọrụ na-ere shuga na ihe ndị ọzọ na-azụ ahịa, nke ego $ 3,000 sitere n'aka nna nna ya kwadoro. Ka oge na-aga, otu ahụ ga-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ gbasaa n'ịzụ ahịa ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ dị ka osikapa. N'afọ 1981, o guzobere ụlọ ọrụ azụmahịa abụọ, Dangote Nigeria Limited, na Blue Star Services, nke a bụ oge a chọrọ ikikere mbubata iji bubata ngwaahịa buru ibu, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ wee chọọ inweta ikikere mbupụ maka ngwaahịa dị iche iche gụnyere ígwè, nri nwa, na ngwaahịa aluminum. Mgbe ahụ, ọ gbakwunye ebupu na mbubata simenti na pọtụfoliyo nke otu ya. Dangote na-asọ mpi (ma na-asọmpi) na Lafarge, ụlọ ọrụ French nke na-ebubata ma na-emepụta ọtụtụ simenti Afrịka.
Mgbe a kwụsịrị oge ikike mbubata na afọ 1986, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ lekwasịrị anya na mbubata nnu, shuga, na osikapa ma jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ belata azụmahịa simenti ya.
Imepụta ihe
Ntinye mbụ nke otu ahụ n'ime mmepụta malitere na afọ 1989 na akwa Mills Limited, na-arụ ọrụ abụọ, ụlọ akwa akwa na Kano na ụlọ ọrụ akwa akwa Naịjirịa na Lagos. Malite na afọ 1997, na-esote mbelata nke ngalaba akwa, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ lekwasịrị anya n'ịmepụta ngwaahịa ndị ahịa ọ na-ebubata na Naịjirịa dị ka refining shuga na flour milling, na nke mbụ ọ na-asọ mpi na ngwaahịa ndị si ná obodo Brazil na Europe. Otu n'ime nnukwu ndị na-ekesa shuga na Naịjirịa, ụlọ ọrụ na-agbanwe shuga Dangote malitere mmepụta mpaghara na afọ 1999. Atụmatụ maka njikọta azụ dugara n'ịmepụta ụlọ ọrụ pasta na ịkpụ ntụ ọka iji nye ihe ndị a na-emepụta maka ime pasta. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ wee tinye ego na ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta simenti na Obajana, Kogi State, site na atụmatụ siri ike, ụlọ ọrụ Obajana malitere mmepụta na nde tọn simenti 5, otu ahụ wee tinye mbongo na ọrụ simenti ọzọ na Ibeshe, Ogun State iji kwado ngalaba mmepụta mpaghara site na ihe dị ka nde tọn 2.5 ruo ruo nde tọn 8. Iji belata ihe ize ndụ akụ na ụba na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'ime mba ahụ, otu ahụ malitere ịchọ ohere ịgbasa karịa Naịjirịa. Atụmatụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ lekwasịrị anya na mgbasara kọntinent site na iwu na inweta ụlọ ọrụ simenti na mba Afrịka.
Taa, Dangote Group bụ ụlọ ọrụ dịgasị iche iche, nke nwere isi na Lagos, nwere mmasị n'ọtụtụ ngalaba dị iche iche n'Africa. Mmasị dị ugbu a gụnyere simenti, shuga, ntụ ọka, nnu, ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ, pasta, ihe ọṅụṅụ na ala, yana ọrụ ọhụrụ na mmepe na mmanụ na gas, nkwukọrịta, fatịlaịza na ígwè. Ndị na-asọmpi na Naijiria na akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke Africa gụnyere Stallion Group. Adenike Fajemirokun bụ onye isi ihe ize ndụ.
Ụlọ ọrụ enyemaka
link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Headquarters_of_Dangote_Cement_Cameroon.jpg/220px-Headquarters_of_Dangote_Cement_Cameroon.jpg|thumb|Ọnụ ụzọ mbata nke isi ụlọ ọrụ Dangote Cement na Douala, Cameroon Dangote Cement, ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta simenti kachasị ukwuu n'Africa, nke nwere ahịa ahịa nke ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ijeri US $ 14 na Nigeria Stock Exchange, nwere ụlọ ọrụ enyemaka na Benin, Cameroon, Ghana, Naijiria, South Africa na Zambia. N'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2010, otu ahụ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ya na Gọmentị Zambia iji wuo ụlọ ọrụ simenti US $ 400 nde na Zambia. E wuchara ya na afọ 2015 ma dị na Ndola, Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-emepụta simenti 42.5-ọkwa iji sọọ mpi megide ngwaahịa 32.5 dị ala ma na-achịkwa n'ahịa, a na-atụ anya na ụlọ ọrụ ọhụrụ ahụ ga-enwe mmepụta kwa afọ nke 1.5 nde metric ton nke simenti.
Dangote Sugar bụ nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ ọzọ nke Dangote, na-asọ mpi na Bua Refinery Ltd. na Golden Sugar Co. Dangote Sugar kele nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ na-edozi shuga na mpaghara Sahara Africa.
Petrochemicals
Ìgwè ahụ emeela ka ọ dị iche iche n'ime ụlọ ọrụ metụtara mmanụ na gas, na-eguzobe ụlọ ọrụ fatịlaịza nde tọn atọ, ụlọ nrụpụta mmanụ nwere ike ịcha barel mmanụ 650,000 na ọrụ petrochemical. A na-atụ anya na Dangote Refinery ga-amalite ọrụ na mbido afọ 2020, ọ ga-abụkwa nnukwu refinery na Africa na ikike zuru oke.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Kompani no na Lagos Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations
Cedric Nunn
Cedric Nunn (amụrụ n'afọ 1957) bụ onye na-ese foto na South Africa nke a maara nke ọma maka foto ya na-egosi mba ahụ tupu na mgbe njedebe nke ịkpa ókè agbụrụ.
Ọrụ
A mụrụ Nunn n'ezinụlọ agbụrụ dị iche iche na Nongoma, KwaZulu, n'afọ 1957. A zụlitere ya na Hluhluwe, Mangete na Baynesfield. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ na Ixopo KwaZulu-Natal ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ise. Ọ kwagara Johannesburg n'afọ 1982 wee malite ịrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese foto mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na ise. Nunn ghọrọ otu n'ime ndị na-ese foto a ma ama iji dekọọ nguzogide ịkpa ókè agbụrụ n'afọ ndi 1980s. Ọ gara n'ihu soro guzobe Afrapix, otu ndị na-ese foto nke na-enye akwụkwọ akụkọ na mpụga South Africa. Akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị a nwere foto nke ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, ya na Paul Weinberg, Peter Mackenzie na Omar Badsha. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nduzi maka Market Photo Workshop, ụlọ akwụkwọ foto, gallery, na oghere ọrụ na Johannesburg, site na 1998 ruo 2000. Nunn bụkwa onye otu ndị isi nke ndị ọkachamara na-ese foto nke South Africa (PPSA).
Ọ kụziri na Tisch School of the Arts na Mahadum New York, Mahadum nke Witwatersrand Wits School of Arts, na The School for International Training.
Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara
N'afọ 2012, Nunn bipụtara akwụkwọ foto Cedric Nunn: Call and Response. Akwụkwọ ahụ sonyeere ihe ngosi nke otu aha ahụ nke meghere na Mozambique, New York, na ụlọ ngosi dị iche iche na South Africa na Germany.
Edemede foto
Ihe ndị na-esonụ bụ edemede foto nke Nunn.
Ebensidee
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Ndị Bahumono
Ndị Bahumono (Ehumono, Kohumono) bụ agbụrụ dị na Naijiria nke dị na mpaghara gọmentị Abi nke Steeti Cross River. Ha bụ agbụrụ kachasị ukwuu na mpaghara ahụ.
Ha na-asụ asụsụ Kohumono.
Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Ndị Ehumono bi n'akụkụ Osimiri Cross ma amara na ha si Hotumusa kwaga gburugburu mpaghara nkume a na-akpọ Ekpon á Rara, nke ha na-azọrọ na ọ bụ ụlọ ime mmụọ na nke nna nna ha. Agbụrụ ahụ nwere obodo asatọ ya bụ; Ebijakara (Ebriba), Ebom, Ediba, Usumutong, Ani, Igonigoni, Afafanyi, na Abeugo. Ha nwere njikọ chiri anya na ndị Efik, Waawa, Yakurr, Akunakuna, ndị Ekoi na ndị Annang.
Ndị Bahumono n'oge tupu oge ọchịchị ndị Britain amalitela ịnakwere iwu nke ọchịchị Britain. Ha na agbụrụ ndị ọzọ dị n'elu Cross River mebiri njem Cross River nke afọ 1895, 1896 na 1898 nke dugara na ogbugbu nke ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ Britain. Ha bụbu akụkụ nke Aro Confederacy.
Omenala na ọdịnala
Ọdịbendị na ọdịnala Bahumono na obodo ndị gbara ya gburugburu nwere ihe yiri ya. Ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu na-achọpụta mmalite ha na ndị nna nna ha site na Eshi nke pụtara n'ụzọ nkịtị afọ ma ọ bụ nkwonkwo, a na-ewere ndị si n'otu eshi dị ka ụmụnne nwoke na ụmụnne nwanyị ma ga-achọpụta ebe ha si n'aka otu nna na nne yiri ndị Ananng. Ewezuga Eshi, a na-ekewa obodo nta na Rovone.
A na-ahụkarị omume nke òtù nzuzo Ekpe na ụlọ fattening ebe mmadụ ole na ole na-eme okpukpe Bahumono.
Ihe odide
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Virginijus Sinkevičius
Virginijus Sinkevičius (amụrụ na 4 Nọvemba 1990) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Lithuania nke na-eje ozi dị ka European Commissioner for the Environment, Oceans and Fisheries na European Commission nke Ursula von der Leyen duziri kemgbe afọ 2019. Ọ bụbu onye otu Seimas nke Republic of Lithuania na Minista nke Economy na Innovation nke Republic of Lithuania.
Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
N'afọ 2009, Sinkevičius gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Salomėja Nėris Gymnasium nke Vilnius, Lithuania, ebe a mụrụ ya. Ọ gara n'ihu na mahadum Aberystwyth ebe ọ nwetara nzere bachelọ nke Economic and Social Studies na 2012.
Na 2012, Sinkevičius bụ onye a na-azụ ọzụzụ na Unit of Regional and Ethnic Affairs na Office nke Prime Minister nke Republic of Lithuania. Na 2013, ọ natara Master of Arts na European Studies na Maastricht University.
Sinkevičius na-asụ Lithuanian dị ka asụsụ, nakwa Bekee, Russian na Polish.
Ọrụ mmalite
Site n'afọ 2012 ruo afọ 2015, Sinkevičius bụ onye edemede na onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke ụlọ ọrụ akụkọ Lithuania Tribune. N'afọ 2013 ruo 2014, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka osote onye njikwa ọrụ na Centre for European Policy Analysis (CEPA) na Washington, D.C.
N'afọ 2014, Sinkevičius rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye njikwa ọrụ mba ụwa na Lietuvos paštas; n'afọ 2014 ruo afọ 2015, o sonyere na mmemme Lithuania. N'afọ 2015 ruo 2016, ọ bụ onye nhazi ọrụ na ọrụ nkwenye nke ọdụ ụgbọ elu Lithuania (LTOU). N'afọ 2016, ọ bụ onye isi otu nke Group for Improving the Investment Environment na Public Enterprise Invest Lithuania.
N'afọ 2017, Sinkevičius gụsịrị akwụkwọ Digital Policy na Mahadum Oxford.
Ọrụ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mba
Na ntuli aka ndị omeiwu nke afọ 2016, a họpụtara Sinkevičius na Seimas nke Republic of Lithuania na otu onye dị ka onye na-azọ ọkwa onye nweere onwe ya na mpaghara Šeškinė na Vilnius; a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye isi oche nke Kọmitii na-ahụ maka akụ na ụba.
N'abalị iri abụọ na asaa n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2017, a họpụtara Sinkevičius ka ọ bụrụ Mịnịsta na-ahụ maka akụ na ụba n'ọchịchị Praịm Minista Saulius Skvernelis ma, mgbe a haziri Minista na-ahụ Maka akụ na ụba, ọ ghọrọ Mịnịsta Na-ahụ maka Akụnụba na Innovation.
Kọmishọna Europe
N'abalị iri abụọ na abụọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2019, ndị omeiwu Lithuania kwadoro nhọpụta Sinkevičius maka onye kọmishọna Europe; Praịm Minista Skvernelis na Ramūnas Karbauskis, onye ndú nke Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union (LVŽS) kwetara nhọpụta ahụ.
Mgbe ọ banyere n'ọkwa, Sinkevičius ghọrọ onye Kọmishọna Europe kacha nta, mgbe ọ dị afọ 28.
N'afọ 2022, Sinkevičius tụrụ aro ihe ndị iwu kwadoro iji belata ojiji nke ọgwụ ahụhụ na-eme ka okike dị n'ofe EU ruo ọ dịkarịa ala 20% nke ala EU ka ọ na-erule afọ 2030, na mgbalị iji chebe ahụike nke ọma ma weghachite ọnụ ọgụgụ anụ ọhịa na-ada.
Nkwado
N'afọ 2018, Sinkevičius nwetara onyinye maka The Best Solution for Better Business Environment of the Year site n'aka njikọ Investorsz Forum, na Blockchain Leadership na #SWITCH! Ihe nrite Tech. N'afọ 2019, ọ natara onyinye Partnership Leader 2018 maka mgbanwe ọhụrụ na mmepe nke usoro okike mmalite site na nzukọ Lithuanian Business Confederation. N'afọ 2018, a gụnyere Sinkevičius na ndepụta nke 100 Worlds Most Influential Young People in Government site na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ nke a kpọrọ Apolitical.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ Òtù:Ndị amụrụ n'afọ 1990
Diane Victor
Diane Victor, (amụrụ n'afọ 1964, Witbank, South Africa) bụ ónyé na-ese ihe na ónyé na-ebi akwụkwọ na South Africa, nke a maara maka nkọwa ya na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya banyéré ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị South Africa nke oge a.
Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Victor na Witbank, South Africa. O nwetara nzere BA Fine Arts na Mahadum nke Witwatersrand na Johannesburg n'afọ 1986.
Site na 1990 rụo ugbu a, Victor akụziwo oge ezumike, na-akụzi eserese na obibi akwụkwọ na ụlọ ọrụ dị ichè íchè nke South Africa gụnyere Mahadum Pretoria, Wits Technikon, Pretoria Technikon.
Ihe osise
Ọrụ Victor na-eji onyinyo ahụ, mgbé mgbè onyinyo onwé ya, iji mepụta akụkọ dị mgbagwoju anya metụtara South Africa nke ógè a na nsogbụ agha zuru ụwa ọnụ, nrụrụ áká na ime ihe ike na ọha na eze, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ndụ onwé ónyé. Dị ka Virginia Mackenny si kwuo, ọrụ Victor na-ama ónyé na-ekiri ya aka "ịkwacha ihe oyiyi ya jupụtara na ya, nke jupụtara na nkọwa zuru ezu, iji chọpụta ọkwa ha na omume. N'ịbụ ndị na-enweghị olileanya ọ bụla nke usoro, ihe oyiyi ndị a na-echetara Breugel ma ọ bụ Bosch n'echiche ha na-enweghị nchekwube banyéré ụwa na mkpokọta nke otu nzuzu n'elu nke ọzọ. Victor gosipụtara eziokwu jupụtara na ikpe na-ezighị ezi, na-ekpughe mgbagwoju anya nke ịdị adị nke oge a. "Ikike ya igosi isiokwu ya na isiokwu ya n'ụzọ nke na ihe niile ma e wezụga ịmanye anyị ka anyị mata ha na-achụpụ anyị n'ime ihe anyị na-enweghị obi ụtọ, ma anyị chọrọ ya ma ọ bụ na anyị achọghị".
Ikike Victor nwèrè ịga n'ihu n'ọrụ ya nke karịrị afọ irí àtó, emeela ka o doo ányá na ọ nọgide na-aga n'ihu na nkà na usoro. Ọ na-emetụtakwa usoro eserese nnwale, dịka a hụrụ ya na ihe osise anwụrụ ọkụ na ihe osisi ntụ.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Mustard (record producer)
Dijon Isaiah McFarlane (amụrụ na June 5, 1990), nke a maara dịka Mustard (nke a makwaara dị ka DJ Mustard), bụ ónyé America na-emepụta ihe ndekọ na onye na-eme ihe nkiri. Ọ bụ ónyé na-arụkọ ọrụ ugboro ugboro na ndị na-ese ihe na California YG na Ty Dolla Sign; n'etiti ihe ndekọ ndị ọzọ dị iche iche màkà ụdị hip hop na R&B kemgbe ọ banyéré n'egwú ndị a ma ama na egwu Tyga nke afọ 2011, "Rack City".
A kọwaala ụdị mmepụta Mustard dị ka ụdị up-tempo, klọb-oriented, na-adọrọ mmasị ma ọ bụ ụdị hip hop. Ụdị a emeela ka ọ bụrụ ụdị mmepụta nke oge a nke West Coast hip hop n'oge mmalite afọ 2010, nke ọ na-akpọ "egwú ratchet". Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mmepụta ya niile na-amalite ma ọ bụ na-ejedebe na mkpado "Mustard on the beat, ho!", ihe atụ olu nke YG, ónyé na-ekwu ya na njedebe nke "M dị mma", otu n'ime mmekorita mbụ ha, yana áká na ikwughachi ókwú "hey".
Ọrụ
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|300x300px|Egwuregwu DJ Mustard N'ajụjụ ọnụ ya na Sway's Universe, DJ Mustard kọwara mmekọrịta azụmahịa ya na onye na-eti egwu West coast YG. Kemgbe mixtape nke abụọ nke YG The Real 4Fingaz, ọ mepụtara na mixtapes ya niile. "Amalitere m na-akụ màkà YG; ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị mbụ mere ịkụ m. Amalitere m na ya, yabụ na anyị ime mixtape dị mfe. Anyị mepụtara ụda ịgba egwú a. Ọ na-adị m ka anyị ji ya ụgwọ n'okporo ámá ma anyị anaghị akwụsị. " DJ Mustard emepụtala égwu YG dịka "Bitches Ain't Shit" nke gosipụtara ndị rapper Tyga na Nipsey Hussle, na "You Broke" nke gosipụtakwara Nipsey Hassle. N'afọ 2010, DJ Mustard wepụtara abọm nchịkọta na-abụghị nke gọọmentị na ndị omenkà dị iche iche site na akara Thump Records nke a kpọrọ Let's Jerk aha ya bụ aha égwu okporo ámá a na-akpọ jerking na Los Angeles.
Edensibia
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Dọmitila (iri na itoolu na iri itoolu na isii)
Domitila bụ ihe nkiri Naijiria nke 1996 banyere ndị akwụna anọ nke Zikoko mepụtara na afọ 1996.
Ihe odide
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Minnette Vári
Minnette Vári (amụrụ n'afọ 1968) bụ ónyé na-ese ihe na South Africa nke a maara nke ọma màkà ntinye vidiyo ya. A mụrụ ya na Pretoria, Vári gụrụ nka márá mmá na Mahadum Pretoria ebe ọ nwetara nzere masta ya. Ọ bi ma na-arụ ọrụ na Johannesburg.
Ọrụ
Vári egosila ọrụ ya kemgbe mmalite afọ iri itoolu, na-ekere òkè na ihe ngosi dị ka Johannesburg Biennale nke Abụọ (1997), Venice Biennale (2001 na 2007), na 10th Biennale of Havana (2009). Ihe ngosi ya n'onwe ya gụnyere ihe ngosi nke onwe ya na Art Museum Lucerne, Switzerland (2004), Vigil na Elga Wimmer Gallery, New York (2007), Chimera na Basel Art Unlimited (2003) na nsó nsó a, Songs of Excavation na Goodman Gallery na Johannesburg (2013). Kemgbe afọ 1998 Vári na-arụ ọrụ na mgbasa ozi dijitalụ na nnukwu ihe ngosi vidiyo, na-agụnyekarị ihe arụmọrụ site na itinye ahụ nke ya n'ime mgbasa ozi na akụkọ ihe méré eme. Na mgbakwunye, Vári na-emepụta usoro ihe osise na ihe osise ndị jikọtara ya na ọrụ vidiyo ya. A na-ejikọta ọrụ ya na ihe ngosi na nzukọ na-enyocha isiokwu nke njirimara na ahụ, mgbanwe, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, akụkọ ifo, trauma na akụkọ ihe méré eme. A tụlere ọrụ ya n'akwụkwọ ndị dị ka Art cities of the future, South African Art Now n'afọ iri Artists otu narị, Art in a Democratic South Africa.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Ọrụ Africa
Africa Action bụ Òtù anaghị akwụ ụgwọ nke dị na Washington, D.C., na-arụ oru iji gbanwee mmekọrịta US na Africa iji kwalite ikpe ziri ezi na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, akụ na ụba na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na mba Afrika. Ha na-enye ozi na nyocha dị mfe, ma na-akpali nkwado a ma ama maka mkpọsa iji mezuo ebumnuche a.
Òtù ndị bu ya ụzọ
Africa Action bụ aha nzukọ ahụ nakweere na 2001, mgbe òtù atọ, kọmitii na Africa Africa Fund, na Africa Policy Information Center, jikọtara.
kọmitii America na Africa (ACOA) bụ nke George houser na ndị ọzọ na-eme ngagharị iwe guzobere na New York City na 1953. Ọ bụ otu ndị isi ojii na ndị ọcha na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru mme nke Bayard Rustin duziri mepụtara n'okpuru aha Kọmitii Na-akwado South African Resistance, bụ ndị haziri nkwado maka akụkọ ihe mere eme Defiance Campaign na South Africa n'afọ gara aga. N'akwụkwọ ahụ, No Easy Victories, a kọwara ACOA dị ka "òtù nkwado US Africa". Ọ ghọrọ ụzọ a site na "iwulite njikọ aka... na-arụ ọrụ na United Nations na-eto eto na site n'ịzụlite mmekọrịta dị mma na ndị isi Africa na-apụta". New York bụ ebe ọrụ maka ACOA site na 1980s na ịhazi ọrụ mgbochi ịkpa ókè agbụrụ.
The Africa Fund, nke e guzobere na 1966, sooro ACOA rụkọọ ọrụ iji nye nkwado dị mkpa maka òtù nnwere onwe n'Africa dum. N'oge mmegide nke ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, Africa Fund ghọrọ "ebe isi maka ndị otụ oru na ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-aga n'ihu". Ha gbara ụlọ ọrụ US na ndị nwe ụlọ ọrụ ume ka ha wepụ ego na South Africa ma bipụta ndepụta ọhụrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ US metụtara ebe ahụ.
E hiwere Africa Policy Information Center (APIC) na Washington, DC na 1978. O mepụtara nyocha, nyocha na ihe agụmakwụkwọ e mere iji gbasaa arụmụka na United States gbasara nsogbu Afrịka na ọrụ US na Afrịka.
Ihe omume ndị dị ugbu a
Dị ka ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ha si kwuo, Africa Action bụ nzukọ mba maka ikpe ziri ezi nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, akụ na ụba na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya n'Africa. Africa Action na-ekwu na US nwere ọrụ akụkọ ihe mere eme pụrụ iche n'ebe Africa nọ. Ọ kwekwaara na abụwo ma bụrụkwa isi ihe na-ekpebi ụkpụrụ US maka Africa, ndị Afrịka na ụmụ amaala US nke. Ndị otu ahụ ji Africa na ndị ya kpọrọ ihe, ma chọọ ịrụ ọrụ na ndị Afrịka. Taa, ya na ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe na òtù ndị obodo na United States na Africa, Africa Action na-arụ ọrụ iji gbanwee iwu mba ọzọ nke US na iwu nke ụlọ ọrụ mba ụwa iji kwado ọgụ Afrịka maka udo na mmepea
Udo na Ikpe Ziri Ezi na Darfur na Sudan niile
N'afọ 2008, Africa Action malitere mkpọsa ọhụrụ, nke siri ike iji mee ka a mara banyere nsogbu na-aga n'ihu na Darfur ma tinye nrụgide ọha na eze na onye isi ala US na-esote iduzi ndị mba ụwa n'iweta udo na ikpe ziri ezi na Darfur na Sudan niile. Na June 2008, ma Barack Obama na John McCain bịanyere aka na nkwa na-ekwe nkwa "mgbukpọ na-adịghị akwụsị akwụsị" iji kwụsị mgbukpọ agbụrụ na Darfur. Taa, Africa Action na-akpali nrụgide ọha na eze iji mezuo nkwa a site na imezu:
Mgbasa ozi n'okpuru ọkọlọtọ JUST L.E.A.D abụghị naanị na ọ na-akpọ maka idu ndú site na gọọmentị US kamakwa ọ na-ama ndị mmadụ niile aka izute ọrụ anyị dịka ndị nkịtị na LEARN. Nkụzi. na ACT. DAILY. na okwu omume na ịdị n'otu kachasị mkpa n'oge anyị.
Dị ka akụkụ nke mkpọsa a, Africa Action na-arụkọ ọrụ na òtù ndị ọzọ iji nakọta otu nde postcard na-agba Onye isi ala Obama ume ime udo na ikpe ziri ezi na Darfur na Sudan niile ka ọ bụrụ ihe kachasị mkpa.
Mgbalị Ịkwụsị Ụgwọ Afrịka
Africa Action's Campaign to Cancel Africa's Debt na-akpali nrụgide na gọọmentị US ka ha mee ka a kagbuo ụgwọ 100% maka mba Afrịka niile dara ogbenye na-enweghị ọnọdụ ọjọọ. Dị ka Africa Action si kwuo, ụgwọ karịrị ijeri $ 200 nke Afrịka bụ otu nnukwu ihe mgbochi maka mmepe nke kọntinent ahụ. Ọtụtụ n'ime ụgwọ a bụ iwu na-akwadoghị, ebe ọ bụ na ọchịchị aka ike na nke na-enweghị onye nnọchiteanya kpatara ya. Mba Afrịka na-emefu ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ijeri $ 14 kwa afọ na ọrụ ụgwọ, na-ewepụ ihe onwunwe site na mmemme HIV / AIDS, agụmakwụkwọ na mkpa ndị ọzọ dị mkpa. US na mba ndị ọzọ bara ọgaranya eguzogidewo oku ka a kagbuo ụgwọ a, kama na-atụ aro ngwọta ndị na-ezughị ezu ma na-etinye iwu akụ na ụba siri ike na mba ndị ji ụgwọ.
Mba ndị dị mkpa
Africa Action kwenyere na ọ bụ ọdịmma US na, n'ime mpaghara Afrịka ọ bụla, mba na ndị mmadụ kwesịrị inwe ike ịkwalite ebumnuche ndị a na-ahụkarị iji nweta nchekwa, ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na mmepe. Ọ bụ ezie na ụzọ ndị a na-esi enweta ebumnuche ndị a nwere ike ịdị iche, ha enweghị ike ikewapụ ha. Enweghị ike ikewapụ ọganihu akụ na ụba na mkpa maka nchekwa na mgbasawanye nke ikike ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya.
A pụghị imepụta atụmatụ ezi uche dị na ya iji chụsoo ebumnuche ndị a naanị n'ihe gbasara mmekọrịta abụọ na mba ndị a họọrọ. N'otu oge ahụ, ọ gaghị ekwe omume inye mmekọrịta US na mba Africa ọ bụla.
Africa Action na-ahọrọ mba ise nke Afrịka dị ka "mba ndị na-elekwasị anya" ebe US ga-etinye aka mgbe niile: South Africa, Nigeria, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Algeria.
"Mba ọ bụla na-elekwasị anya" na-emezu ọtụtụ ma ọ bụ ihe niile na-esonụ: (1) ha bụ mba buru ibu nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu (na-abụkarị nke kachasị ukwuu na mpaghara mpaghara); (2) ha na-etu ọnụ na akụ na ụba kachasị ike na mpaghara ha; (3) ha nọ ugbu a n'etiti ndị mmekọ azụmahịa kachasị ukwuu maka US na Africa (na nke kachasị ukwuu n'ógbè ha); (4) US nwere mmasị dịgasị iche iche na nke ogologo oge na ha (akụnụba, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nchekwa); na (5) ha nwere ike akụ na ụba na ndọrọ ọchịchị nke mpaghara ha.
Mba ndị a niile bụ ndị isi na mpaghara ha, ndị mmekorita ha ga-abaghị uru iji dozie nsogbu dịgasị iche iche. O yikarịrị ka ha ga-abụ ndị agha maka nchekwa mpaghara ma ọ bụ isi iyi nke ọgba aghara mpaghara. N'ikpeazụ, e nwere mpaghara ndị dị na US na-echegbu onwe ha banyere iwu maka nke ọ bụla n'ime mba ndị a nke nwere ike inye aka iwulite ma kwado nkwado ọha na eze maka atụmatụ ọhụrụ nke US.
Inye mba ndị a ihe kachasị mkpa ekwesịghị inwe mgbagwoju anya na imekọ ihe ọnụ na ndị isi ha na-achị, na-achọ iwulite ha dị ka ike ọchịchị mpaghara, ma ọ bụ na-enye ha oku mbụ na-akpaghị aka n'ihe gbasara enyemaka akụ na ụba. Kama nke ahụ, iwu US maka nke ọ bụla n'ime mba ndị a dị mkpa ga-agụnye eziokwu nke mpaghara ọ bụla ha bụ akụkụ ya, ma gbaa ume mkparịta ụka na-ewuli elu na idozi nsogbu n'etiti ndị agbata obi.
Ndị America ga-ekweta na US nwere ọrụ akụkọ ihe mere eme pụrụ iche n'ebe ọtụtụ mba ndị ọzọ - Liberia, Angola, Somalia, na Sudan - nke na-enye nlebara anya pụrụ iche. Ụzọ iwu na mba ndị a ga-adịkwa irè ma ọ bụrụ na etinye ya na iwu maka mpaghara ha.
A ga-etinye nlebara anya na "mba ndị na-elekwasị anya" mgbe niile n'ime ọnọdụ mpaghara dị iche iche. Ya mere, a ga-enwe iwu ndịda Afrịka ka ọ na-ekweta na South Africa bụ ihe kachasị mkpa n'ime mpaghara ahụ, yana iwu ọdịda anyanwụ Afrịka nke na-ekwenye na Nigeria dị n'etiti nchegbu US na mpaghara ahụ. Ihe na-eme na DRC, ga-enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu na atụmanya maka ndị agbata obi ya. Ọ bụ ezie na ịdị arọ nke mpaghara ha dị obere, Kenya and Angola ga-enwekwa mmetụta dị ukwuu na mpaghara ha.
Ihe odide
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Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations
Ebere Onwudiwe
thumb|Ebere Onwudiwe
Ebere Onwudiwe bụ onye sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na onye na-ahụ maka akụ na ụba na Naijiria. Ọ bụ onye isi oche nke O-analytics Research and Development Initiative.
Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Ebere Onwudiwe n'obodo oge ochie nke Isu-Njaba na mpaghara Owerri ochie nke Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Naịjirịa na nne na nna Katọlik hụrụ n'anya, Mazi Simon Onwudiw Achigaonye na Magdalene Nwamgbede (Memme) Achigaonye. Ya na nwanne nna ya nọrọ oge ụfọdụ n'oge ọ bụ nwata na Port Harcourt, Rivers Steeti, na Aba, Abia Steeti ebe ọ gara Sacred Heart College, ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Katọlik. Ọ hapụrụ na klas nke abuọ ka Agha Obodo Naijiria malitere na 1967 wee sonye na Biafran Airforce ihe karịrị otu afọ mgbe e mesịrị (Regimental Wing) na-eje ozi na Uli Airport. Na ngwụcha agha ahụ, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya. Ọ nwụrụ na Jenụwarị 9, afo 2021.
Onwudiwe gụrụ akwụkwọ na American College of Switzerland, na afo 1979 na Mahadum Sayensị na Nkà, 1980. Ọ natara M.Sc. (Econs), M.A. (Int'l Relations) na Ph.D. na (Pol. Sci.) site na Mahadum Steeti Florida, Tallahassee.
Ọ kụziri sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na akụ na ụba na Mahadum Central State, Wilberforce, Ohio ebe ọ bụ na ogenile onye nduzi nke National Resource Centre for African Studies n'oge dị iche iche, na onye isi nchịkwa nke Centre for International Studies. Ọ bụkwa prọfesọ nleta na Mahadum Ohio State, Columbus, Ohio; Antioch College, Yellow Springs na Mahaduma Udo nke United Nations, Costa Rica.
Onwudiwe bụ onye ndụmọdụ ọchịchị na United Nations Economic Commission for Afrika na Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, ọ bụkwa onye na-ede akwụkwọ nke afọ 2007 African Governance Report nke Oxford University Press bipụtara na nso nso a. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na kọmitii mba nke Gọọmentị Federal nke Naịjirịa na Gọọmentụ nke Federal Capital Territory. Ọ bụ onye ndụmọdụ na Kọmitii Nkà na ụzụ nke gọọmentị etiti guzobere na Niger Delta.
Ọ bụ onye edemede a ma ama maka akwụkwọ akụkọ Naijiria Newswatch na Business Day. Akụkọ ya pụtara na akwụkwọ akụkọ Naijiria na mgbasa ozi mba ụwa, gụnyere The Christian Science Monitor, The New York Times, International Herald Tribune, The Congressional Record, The United States Institute of Peace, US Senate, Los Angeles Times, na The Guardian (Nigeria) ebe ọ bụ onye na-enye onyinye mgbe niile
Onye na-eme ihe nkiri na telivishọn
N'afọ 2013 Onwudiwe kwadoro ihe ngosi nke ya "The Conference" na Nigerian Television Authority (NTA), ihe ngosi ahụ dịkwa na mba ụwa na Nigerian Television Authority International (NTAi). N'ihe ngosi ahụ, ya na ndị ọrụ dị iche iche na gọọmentị Naịjirịa kwurịtara okwu dị mkpa n'ụlọ.
Akwụkwọakụkọ mba ụwa nke ọmụmụAfrica
Ọ maliteghachiri Journal of Human Relations gbanwere aha ya ka ọ bụrụ The International Journal of African Studies (IJAS), wee bụrụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ ya site na afọ 1997 ruo afọ 2007. IJAS nke na-adịghịzi adị ebipụtala ihe karịrị 100 isiokwu ndị ọgbọ nyochara, pasent 90 n'ime ha bụ ndị ọkà mmụta Afrịka dere, ndị agụmakwụkwọ ha na-esikarị ike ịbanye na akwụkwọ akụkọ Eurocentric.
Onwudiwe kọwara nghọta nke Afro-optimism na mmetụta ya na mmepe a tụlere na ọrụ mbinye aka ya 'Afro-Optimism: Perspectives on Africa's Advances', nke ya na Minabere Ibelema dezigharịrị. Echiche na Afrịka laghachiri azụ n'oge gọọmentị ndị na-achị ala ọzọ hapụrụ ụsọ mmiri ya zuru ebe niile. Mpịakọta a bụ ihe na-emegide orthodoxy. N'ebe a, ndị ọkà mmụta iri na atọ nwere nka sitere na akwụkwọ na akụkọ ihe mere eme ruo na nkà ihe ọmụma na akụ na ụba na-ekwu na Afrịka enweela ọganihu kemgbe ọchịchị ndị ọchịchị na-achị ma dị njikere ịga n'ihu n'agbanyeghị ihe ndọghachi azụ na mmechuihu. Ndị nyere aka n'akwụkwọ ahụ na-ekwu na mmepe bụ maka ụmụ mmadụ, n'ihi ya, ha anaghị adabere naanị na atụmatụ na atụmatụ ọnụ ọgụgụ.
Afro-Optimism bụ akwụkwọ nwere edemede dị mfe: Africa na-aga n'ihu, ọbụlagodi na mgbe ụfọdụ na-akwụsị akwụsị na ọsọ dị iche na ụwa ndị ọzọ. Echiche a na-ahụkarị n'etiti ndị nta akụkọ na ndị ọkà mmụta bụ na ọnọdụ Afrịka dara mgbe gọọmentị ndị na-achị ala ahụ hapụrụ ụsọ mmiri ya. Isiakwụkwọ ndị dị n'akwụkwọ a na-ekpuchi ọganihu Afrịka na ahụike, ọrụ ugbo, njem, ihe ọhụrụ ọdịbendị, na ọganihu akụ na ụba. Ndị nyere aka n'akwụkwọ ahụ na-ekwu na mmepe bụ maka ụmụ mmadụ, n'ihi ya, ha anaghị adabere naanị na atụmatụ na atụmatụ ọnụ ọgụgụ. Ihe odide ndị dị n'akwụkwọ a na-atụle ọganihu mba Afrịka mere n'agbanyeghị, na mgbe ụfọdụ n'ihi, ahụmịhe ha nke ọchịchị ndị Europe. Ndị nyere aka na-ekwu na n'akụkụ niile nke mmepe, ndị Afrịka ga-emeri ihe mgbochi nke ndị ọchịchị ma ọ bụ na-ewulite na ntọala ndị ọchịchị. Ọ bụ ezie na ndị na-ede akwụkwọ kwetara na arụmọrụ na-akụda mmụọ nke Afrịka n'ụzọ dị iche iche, ha na-ekwusi ike n'oge niile na-elekwasị anya na ọdịda Afrịka na-emepụta ihe ọhụrụ ma na-eme ka echiche ọjọọ dị ugbu a banyere Afrịka nke oge a sikwuo ike.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations
Ogaga Ifowodo
Ogaga Ifowodo (amụrụ ya na Mee 14, 1966) bụ onye ọka iwu Naijiria, ọkà mmụta, onye na-ede uri, onye na'akwụkwọ akụkọ / onye na-akọwa ihe gbasara ọha na eze na onye na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ. E nyere ya onyinye PEN / Barbara Goldsmith Freedom to Write Award nke afọ 1998, e nyere ndị edemede “n’ebe ọ bụla n’ụwa bụ́ ndị jiworo obi ike lụọ ọgụ n’agbanyeghị ihe isi ike ihu maka ikike ikwu okwu.
Akụkọ ndụ ya
A mụrụ Ifowodo na Oleh, Delta State nke Nigeria. Ọ gara Federal Government College, Warri, maka agụmakwụkwọ sekọndrị ya. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ iwu na Mahadum Benin ebe o nwetara LL.B n'afọ 1989. A kpọrọ ya ka ọ bịa n'ụlọikpe n'afọ 1991 ma rụọ ọrụ ọtụtụ afọ dị ka onye na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ na Naịjirịa Civil Liberties Organization (CLO). Ọ gakwara Mahadum Cornell, ebe o nwetara PhD ya n'afọ 2008. O nwekwara Master of Fine Art (MFA) na uri, na PhD na Bekee (ọmụmụ akwụkwọ / ọdịbendị) site na Mahadum Cornell, New York.
Ọ kụziri uri na akwụkwọ na Mahadum Texas State, San Marcos. A sụgharịrị ọrụ ya n'asụsụ German, Dutch, Romanian, Turkish na Italian. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye kọmishọna maka gọọmentị Naijiria site na'afọ 2016 ruo afọ 2019. Ọ ka na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ngalaba na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ, ọ na-arụkwa ọrụ iwu ugbu a na Naịjirịa.
Ọrụ dị ka onye na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ
Ifowodo bụ onye a ma ama na-ede uri na onye edemede. O bipụtara isiokwu na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ akwụkwọ akụkọ niile dị na Naịjirịa. O dere kọlụm "For Crying Out LOUD!" na Vanguard ruo Julaị 2016. O bipụtakwala akwụkwọ uri anọ na uri ya ka ebipụtala nke ọma n'ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ ọdịnala na akwụkwọ akụkọ n'ofe ụwa, gụnyere olu sitere n'akụkụ niile: uri nwere ndetu na ihe omume, mgbakwunye akwụkwọ akwụkwọ Times Times, Poetry International, Massachusetts Review, Crazyhorse. , The Dalhousie Review, Atlanta Review, Mantis, Drumvoices Revue, na Migrations (ihe odide Afro-Italian nke Wole Soyinka họpụtara maka Ememme Black Heritage na Lagos).
Njide na njide
N'afọ 1997, mgbe ọ na-alọta site na nzukọ ndị isi ọchịchị Commonwealth na Edinburgh, Scotland, ọchịchị ndị agha nke ọchịchị Sani Abacha jidere Ifowodo maka ịkpọ oku maka mmachi siri ike megide ọchịchị aka ike. A tụrụ ya mkpọrọ, ya na ndị ọzọ na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ, ndị edemede, na ndị nta akụkọ, gụnyere ndị enyi ya na onye edemede Akin Adesokan na Babafemi Ojudu. Ọ dịghị mgbe nwara ma ọ bụ tọhapụrụ ya ruo 1998, na-esochi mkpọsa nke Naijiria na mba ụwa na-ede akwụkwọ na ndị otu ode akwụkwọ. Enyere ya PEN/Barbara Goldsmith Freedom to Write Award, onyinye nturu ugo n'efu nke mba Netherlands nke sitere na Poets of All Nations wee nabata ya dika onye otu ugwu nke PEN Centers nke Germany, United States, na Canada.
E bipụtara ihe ndị si n'ihe ndekọ ncheta ya na Gathering Seaweed: African Prison Writing (Heinemann), na New Writing 14 (Granta), na akwụkwọ akụkọ Vanguard nke Naijiria, na African-Writing.com.
Madiba
A kpọrọ nchịkọta nke abụọ nke Ifowodo Madiba ma Africa World Press bipụtara ya. Ọ dị peeji iri itoolu n'ogologo. N'ime ya, Ifowodo "na-ejide egwu, olileanya dara ada na enweghị olileanya nke ọgbọ a". Nchịkọta ahụ meriri ihe nrite uri ANA / Cadbury n'afọ 2003.
Lamp Mmanụ
Nchịkọta nke atọ nke Ifowodo, The Oil Lamp, bụ nke Africa World Press bipụtara n'afọ 2005. A kọwara ya dị ka "nkwado itinye aka na arụmụka Niger Delta".
Ọ meriri Ihe nrite 2005 maka ANA/Gabriel Okara.
Ịkwa Ụba Dị Mma
N'afọ 2016, Ifowodo wepụtara nchịkọta abụ nke anọ ya nke akpọrọ A Good Mourning (Parrésia Publishers). Ọ bụ ọrụ nwere abụ iri abuo na isii karịa peeji 78.
A na-eto ya dị ka "ọrụ nke "àgwà na-abanye n'ihu," na "ihe ijuanya a maara nke ọma... Eziokwu nke olu na ụda nke na-emetụta ahịrị ọ bụla, bụ ihe dị ukwuu ma na-adịgide adịgide nke e ji mee uri. "
A Good Mourning, onye edemede ahụ na-ekwu, bụ echiche uri ya banyere "mmekọrịta nke ihe ọjọọ", ọkachasị ihe na-emebi uche nke ndị mmadụ kpatara site na mwepụ nke ntuli aka June 12, 1993 "site n'aka General Ibrahim Babangida, onye ọchịchị aka ike nke ndị agha. "
N'ọnwa Julaị 2017, edepụtara A Good Mourning maka Nigeria Prize for Literature, yana ọrụ iri ndị ọzọ nke ndị edemede Naijiria. N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'otu afọ ahụ, edepụtara ya, tinyere Tanure Ojaide's Songs of Myself na Ikeogu Oke's The Heresiad. Oke meriri ihe nrite ahụ, nke ruru Narị puku dollar.
Edensibia
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations
Nard & B
Nard & B bụ ndị otu mmepụta ihe ndekọ nké America, nkèke ndị na-emepụta ihe ndekọ James "Nard" Bernard Rosser Jr. na Brandon "B" Rackley, si Atlanta, Georgia. N'afọ 2007, ha abụọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta na ónyé America na-edekọ egwu T.I.'s Grand Hustle Records. N'afọ 2007, Nard & B guzobere TrenchWerk Entertainment, ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta egwu, na ebumnuche nke "ịchịkọta ndị na-emepụta egwú kachasị mmá na Atlanta ma mepụta mmepụta a na-apụghị ịgbagha agbagha na nke a na-enweghị atụ".
Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Brandon Rackley, ónyé a maara dị ka B, zutere James Bernard Rosser Jr., onye a maara nke ọma dị ka Nard, mgbè ha abụọ na-aga Omnithech, na-amụ egwu na injinia. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị kọleji, Nard nwetara ọrụ dị ka ónyé injinia na-eso ụzọ maka akara egwu T.I. nke dị na Atlanta, Grand Hustle Records. N'afọ 2007, Nard & B nwetara ọkwa mbụ ha n'otu nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ studio album. Abụ ahụ, nke akpọrọ "That's Right", gosipụtara olu sitere na T.I. ma tinye ya na mgbalị izizi nke onye na-ese ihe na Grand Hustle Big Kuntry King, My Turn to Eat. Ihe ịga nke ọma nke ndekọ ahụ mere ka ónyé isi oche Grand Hustle Jason Geter mara ha, onye bịanyere aka na ha dị ka ndị na-emepụta ụlọ. N'afọ 2007, Nard & B weputara egwu egwu T.I. "Big Shit Poppin' (Do It)", na-enye mmepụta ọhụrụ mgbe ndị na-eti egwu Grand Hustle Mac Boney, Alfamega, JR Get Money na Big Kuntry King, niile gbakwunyere amaokwu ọhụrụ. N'afọ 2009, Nard & B jikọrọ aka mepụta ónyé na-eti egwu na Brooklyn bụ Maino's hit single "All the Above", n'akụkụ onye na-emepụta ihe ndekọ dị elu Just Blaze. Nard & B gakwara n'ihu inye aka na mmepụta na Puff Daddy's 2015 project MMM (Money Making Mitch). N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2015, Nard & B wepụtara mixtape jikọrọ aka, nke akpọrọ Trench Muzik, n'akụkụ ónyé na-ese ihe nkiri Grand Hustle Spodee. Na Septemba 13, 2015, Spodee sonyeere Nard & B iji wepụta Trench Muzik 2. Na Nọvemba 22, 2015, a tọhapụrụ nke atọ nke Trench Muzik.
Na Febụwarị 9, 2016, ónyé na-eti egwu Atlanta bụ Skooly, ónyé bụbu nke Rich Kidz, sonyeere Nard & B iji wepụta Trench Gotti. Na Eprel 21, 2016, Nard & B sonyeere Jose Guapo iji wepụta Extravagant Trench Shit. Na Julaị 19, 2016, B wepụtara egwu akpọrọ "Out Perform You", n'okpuru aha nzuzo ¡B!. Abụ ahụ, nke Nard & B na XL Eagle mepụtara, bụ nke mbụ ga-ada site na ọrụ izizi nke B, "nke ga-egosipụta ndekọ pụrụ iche sitere n'aka ndị omenkà dị íchè íchè". Ọrụ ahụ, nke a na-eme atụmatụ ịdakwasị na ngwụcha afọ ahụ, ga-agụnye mmepụta sitere na Nard & B na mmepụta site na ónyé na-emepụta TrenchWerk, XL Eagle. N'abalị iri na otu n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2016, Nard & B wepụtara mixtape ya na ónyé na-eti egwu na Jamaica na onye mmekọ Hustle Gang bụ Zuse. Mixtape ahụ, nke akpọrọ Trench Zuse, gụnyere ụfọdụ ndị na-emepụta Nard & B dịka DJ Spinz, Bobby Kritical, Will A Fool, na DJ Plugg. Onye na-emepụta hip hop nke ndịda XL Eagle, onye otu TrenchWerk, na-emepụta ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ egwu ọ bụla. N'afọ 2017, Migos wepụtara "T-Shirt", nke Nard & B mepụtara, site na abọm nke abụọ ha Culture. "T-Shirt" jisiri ike ruo Top 40 nke US <i id="mwYg">Billboard</i> Hot 100 chart.
Ụloelu maka Nwa
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Baby Tower na Fuzhou, Fujian Province Ụloelu maka nwata, nke a makwaara dịka ụlọ elu ụmụaka a gbahapụrụ agbahapụ maọbu ụlọ elu nwa nwanyị, bụ ihe owuwu na Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu na ebe ndị ọzọ na China oge ochie. Ọ na-abụkarị obere ụlọ dika ụlọelu nke ejiri ntakịrị okwute  na nkume mee. E nwere obere oghere n'elu, nke a na-eji ahapụ ụmụ ọhụrụ nwụrụ anwụ, ụmụ ọhụrụ nwere nkwarụ na ụmụ nwanyị. A na-akọwa Ụlọ Elu Nwa ahụ dị ka onyinye sitere n'aka ndị ọgaranya nọ n'ime ime obodo n'oge ahụ, nke a na-eji egbochi ndị bi na ya iji aka ha mee ka ụmụ ọhụrụ na-egbu egbu. Ebumnuche nke ụdị ihe owuwu pagoda bụ iji gbochie mkpesa nke ụmụ ọhụrụ na chi na Buddha iji zere ịbọ ọbọ.
Na mgbakwunye na ihe gbasara ụkọ, ụfọdụ echiche kwenyere na nke a bụ nhọrọ nwoke na nwanyị nke ụmụ ọhụrụ sitere na ndị nna ochie ọdịnala na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ nke China, ma nwee njikọ na nnukwu enweghị nhata nwoke na nwanyị na China.
Egwuregwu mmeghari ahụ
thumb|[[Egwuregwu mmeghari ahụ]]
Egwuregwu mmeghari ahụ bụ egwuregwu asọmpi sitere na mmeghari ahụ ọdịnala nke a na-eme ihe mgbagwoju anya, usoro mmegharị siri ike na ihe ndị siri ike dịgasị iche iche na egwu.
Etu egwuregwu ya di
Ebe arụmọrụ bụ 7 mita (23 ft) square maka junios maọbu 10 mita (33 ) square maka ndị okenye na maka ịgba egwú mmeghari ahụ nakwa otú ije
Na asọmpi mba ụwa, e nwere ihe omume itolu dị iche iche: Ndị inyom n'otu n'otu, Ndị ikom n'otu na ndị abụọ, Trios, Ìgwè (ndị na-eme egwuregwu ise), Step Dance (ndị egwuregwu asatọ) na trapezium pass. Mmadụ anọ ikpeazụ bụ n'agbanyeghị nwoke na nwanyị nke ndị na-eme egwuregwu.
Murcian Spanish
Murcian (endonym: murciano) bụ ụdị nke Peninsular Spanish, nke a na-asụkarị na obodo Murcia na mpaghara Vega Baja del Segura na Alto Vinalopó dị nso na mpaghara Alicante (Valencia), ụzọ Almansa na Albacete (Castile-La Mancha). N'ụzọ ka ukwuu, ọ nwekwara ike ịgụnye ụfọdụ mpaghara ndị bụ akụkụ nke alaeze Murcia, dị ka ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Albacete (nke bụzi akụkụ Castile La Mancha) na akụkụ nke Jaén na Almería (nke bụ akụkụ nke Andalusia ugbu a).
Egwuregwu mmeghari ahụ
Etu egwuregwu ya di
N'asọmpi ahụ, enwere ihe achọrọ maka uwe ahụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ ihe ndị a rụrụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ihe ndị a na-ebuli elu, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị a rụrụ n'ala na ọtụtụ ihe ndị ọzọ.
Murcian Spanish
Ụdị asụsụ dị iche iche nke Murcian na-eme ka asụsụ na-aga n'ihu na Eastern Andalusian na Manchego Peninsular Spanish.
A na-ewere Murcian dị ka asụsụ dị iche nke Spanish site n'aka ụfọdụ ndị obodo ahu na-asụ ya, ndị na-akpọ ya llengua murciana. A na-ejikwa okwu panocho eme ihe iji kọwaa asụsụ Murcian, agbanyeghị na ọ na-ezo aka na ụdị dị iche iche a na-asụ na comarca nke Huerta de Murcia.
Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Murcian sitere na ngwakọta nke ọtụtụ asụsụ dị iche iche sonyeere alaeze nke Murcia mgbe mmeri nke Crown nke Aragon na Crown nke Castile n'etiti narị afọ nke 13 na 14. Ụdị asụsụ dị iche iche bụ Tudmir's Romance (ụdị Andalusi Romance), Arabic, Aragonese, Old Castilian na Occitano-Catalan. N'oge a, French na Caló emetụtala Murcian.
Mgbochiume
Akụkọ ihe mere eme postvocalic mgbochiume na silable coda na-ejikọta ma ebe na ụzọ nke articulation nke mgbochiume na-esonụ, na-emepụta geminate. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, akụkọ ihe mere eme //, // na // niile na-adaba ọnụ dị ka //, na-asụgharị cacto 'cactus', casto 'chaste' na capto 'M ghọtara' homophonous dị ka. Akụkọ ihe mere eme // na-esokwa na nnọpụiche a, na-asụgharị sexta 'nke isii' (f.) homophonous na secta 'òtù' dị ka. Akụkọ ihe mere eme ndị ọzọ na-emetụta site na nke a gụnyere /sp, sd, sk, sɡ, sm, sn, sl/, n'ọnọdụ ọ bụla na-emepụta ihe nke abụọ: [pp, dd, kk, ɡɡ, mm, nn, ll] (nke [ðð] bụ ihe ọzọ na ). Nke a na-emepụta obere ụzọ abụọ dị iche iche site na ogologo ụdaume, dị ka cisne 'swan' vs. cine [ˈθine] 'cinema'. Usoro a na-emekwa gafee ókèala okwu, dịka na los nenes 'ụmụ'. [1]
Okwu ikpeazụ // na-aghọta dị ka velar [ŋ]. [1]
'aụsụ ime obodo ndị agadi na-arụ ọrụ, mkpụrụedemede ikpeazụ /s/ na-apụta dị ka [ɾ] n'ihu ụdaume mmalite okwu (karịsịa ụda olu na /n/), dị ka na los vasos 'oghere'. /b, d, ɡ/ na-agbanye mgbe allophone a gasịrị. A na-ewere dochie [s] na [ɾ] dị ka ihe dị ịrịba ama nke ime obodo Murcian, ndị bi n'ógbè ahụ anaghịkwa anabata ya.
Ọganihu ụdaolu
E nwere ihe omume asụsụ fonetiks ndị (ma ọ bụ ndị) na-adịkarị na ụdị asụsụ ndị ọzọ (Aragonese, Mozarabic, Catalan, Andalusian, wdg.):
Egwuregwu mmeghari ahụ
Ịma aka egwuregwu mmeghari ahụ
Ngalaba na ahụ maka egwuregwu mmeghari bụ asọmpi egwuregwu mmeghari ahụ nke malitere na 1984 na United States. Nke ndi n'ahụ maka mgbasi ike guzobere, ọ bụ nnukwu asọmpi mbụ na egwuregwu ahụ tupu asọmpi maka ịma aka nke egwuregwu mmeghari ahụ ihe dika afọ iri na otu 1. Site na 1988 gaa n'ihu, e kewara ihe omume ndị ahụ n'otu n'otu na ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị, ngwakọta abụọ na otu. Egwuregwu ahụ ghọrọ ihe a ma ama n'ụwa niile mgbe ọ nwetara ewu ewu na US mgbe a na-egosi nnukwu asọmpi na ESPN n'oge oke nke mmega ahụ na US. N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, egwuregwu ahụ enweela ọganihu n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Europe, China, Argentina, Mexico, Canada na Australia n'etiti mba ndị ọzọ mana ọ rụghị elu nke ukwuu na US ka ndị mepụtara egwuregwu ahụ na USA gbalịrị ịgbanwe uche site na ahụike gaa na mmega ahụ. Dị ka mba ndị ọzọ jikọtara nke ọma na ndị otu egwuregwu mmega ahụ ha, US, ebe e mepụtara egwuregwu ahụ, enwebeghị ihe ịga nke ọma n'ime mgbanwe ahụ. USA Gymnastics anaghị anabata egwuregwu ahụ dị ka ọzụzụ mmega ahụ n'agbanyeghị na òtù na-achị mba ụwa, FIG, na-eme ya.
Egwuregwu mmeghari ahụ FIG
Egwuregwu mmega ahụ na-asọmpi na-achịkwa Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique (FIG). FIG na-emepụta Code of Points ma na-achịkwa akụkụ niile nke asọmpi mba ụwa. N'ime mba ọ bụla, egwuregwu mmega ahụ na-achịkwa site na njikọ mba. N'afọ 1995, FIG nabatara egwuregwu aerobics dị ka asọmpi egwuregwu mmega ahụ ọhụrụ, ha haziri ndị ọkàikpe na ndị nkuzi ma malite 1st Aerobic Gymnastics World Championships na Paris (mba 34) N'afọ 1997, IWGA (International World Games Association) gụnyere Aerobic Gymnastics na mmemme ya nke 5th World Games (Lahti, Finland). Kemgbe afọ 1999 European Union of Gymnastics anọwo na-eduzi asọmpi Aerobic European Gymnastics Championship n'afọ niile na-adịghị mma. Mba ndị na-eduga na-enye ndị nrite ụwa bụ: Australia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Chile, China, France, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, Romania, Russia na Spain.
Egwuregwu Fisaf
FISAF na-anọchite anya Federation of International Sport Aerobics and Fitness. Ọ bụ òtù na-anọghị n'otu, nke na-abụghị maka uru, nke mba ụwa na-eme egwuregwu aerobics nwere ihe karịrị mba 30 gburugburu ụwa.
Omenala Ama ama
DeA gbakwunyere egwuregwu ahụ na asọmpi Idol Star Athletics Championships maka Lunar New Year, 2017 dị ka otu ụmụ nwoke nke ya na ụmụ nwanyị na-eme egwuregwu mmega ahụ, a na-enyekwa akara dịka FIG Standards si dị. Iri na asaa (9.8 Technical+9.3 Execution-0.0 Penalty) na ASTRO (9.75+9.45-0.1) nwetara 19.10 n'ime 20.00, mana ebe ọ bụ na ASTro nwetara akara dị elu na Execution, ASTRO meriri ihe omume mmeghe.
N'ime usoro ihe nkiri telivishọn na-atọ ọchị nke America Key & Peele, duo ahụ na-akọwa ihe nkiri vidio nke '80s nke National Aerobic Championship na eserese na-egosi ndị na-agba egwu aerobic na-enwe ọgba aghara mgbe ha na-agba egwú na abụ isiokwu nke asọmpi.
Ọrịa coma
Amaghi onwe bu onudu ihe di omimi nke amagi onwe tere aka nke mmadu agaghi eteta, ghara izaghichi ihe mkpali nke ufu, ihe,na ura, na enweghi ezigbo iteta ura ma onaghi emeghari ahi. . Onye ahu nwere ike inwe nsogbuiku ume na obaraT n'ihe enweghi ike nke ahu irusi oru ya ike. Ndi na no na Amaghi onwe ha na achosi nlekota anya nke ulo ogwu ike iji lekota ahu ike ha ma gbochie mgbagwoju anya dika mkpokata obara.
Ndi no na Amaghi onwe ha na nwekariComa patients exhibit a complete absence of wakefulness and are unable to consciously feel, speak or move. Comas can be derived by natural causes, or can be medically induced.
N'ụzọ ahụike, enwere ike ịkọwa coma dị ka enweghị ike ịgbaso iwu otu nzọụkwụ. A pụkwara ịkọwa ya dị ka akara nke ≤ 8 na Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) nke na-adịgide ≥ awa 6. Maka onye ọrịa ka ọ mara, a ghaghị ịnọgide na-enwe ihe ndị metụtara ịmụrụ anya na ịmara ihe. Uche na-akọwa ogo nke ịma ihe, ebe ịma ihe na-emetụta akụkụ dị mma nke ọrụ ndị cortex na-eme, gụnyere ikike nghọta dị ka nlebara anya, nghọta, ncheta doro anya, asụsụ, ịrụ ọrụ, nhazi oge na oghere na ikpe ikpe eziokwu. Site n'echiche nke ụbụrụ, a na-eme ka uche mara site na ịrụ ọrụ nke ụbụ ụbụrụ - ihe na-acha ntụ ntụ nke na-emepụta ụbụrụ dị n'èzí - na site na usoro reticular activating system (RAS), ihe dị n'ime ụbụrụ.
Ọtụtụ ụdị nsogbu nwere ike ịkpata coma. Pasent iri anọ nke ọnọdụ coma na-esite na nsị ọgwụ. Ojiji ọgwụ ụfọdụ n'okpuru ọnọdụ ụfọdụ nwere ike imebi ma ọ bụ mebie ọrụ synaptic na usoro na-arịgo elu (ARAS) ma mee ka usoro ahụ ghara ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma iji kpalie ụbụrụ. Mmetụta ndị ọzọ nke ọgwụ, nke gụnyere obi na ọbara mgbali elu, yana iku ume na ọsụsọ na-adịghị mma, nwekwara ike imerụ ọrụ nke ARAS n'ụzọ na-apụtaghị ìhè ma mee ka ọ daa. N'iburu n'uche na nsị ọgwụ bụ ihe kpatara ọtụtụ ndị ọrịa nọ na coma, ụlọ ọgwụ na-ebu ụzọ nwalee ndị ọrịa niile nọ na coma site n'ịhụ ogo pupil na mmegharị anya, site na vestibular-ocular reflex. (Lee Diagnosis n'okpuru ebe a.)
Pasent iri abụọ nke ọnọdụ coma na-esite na mmetụta ndị ọzọ nke ọrịa strok. N'oge ọrịa strok, a na-egbochi ma ọ bụ gbochie ọbara na-aga n'akụkụ ụbụrụ. Ọrịa strok, ọbara ọgbụgba ụbụrụ, ma ọ bụ akpụ nwere ike ime ka ọbara ghara ịga. Enweghị ọbara na mkpụrụ ndụ dị n'ime ụbụrụ na-egbochi ikuku oxygen ịbanye na neurons, ma si otú a na-eme ka mkpụrụ ndụ mebie ma nwụọ. Ka mkpụrụ ndụ ụbụrụ na-anwụ, anụ ahụ ụbụrụ nọgidere na-emebi, nke nwere ike imetụta ọrụ nke ARAS.
15% fọdụrụnụ nke ndị na-arịa ọrịa na-esite na mmerụ ahụ, ọbara na-efubiga ihe ókè, nsogbu na-edozi ahụ, hypothermia, hyperammonemia, ọkwa glucose na-adịghị mma, na ọtụtụ nsogbu ndị ọzọ. Ọzọkwa, nnyocha na-egosi na 1 n'ime ndị ọrịa 8 nwere mmerụ ahụ ụbụrụ na-enwe ọnọdụ coma.
Mmerụ ahụ na ma ọ bụ abụọ nke ụbụrụ ụbụrụ ma ọ bụ reticular activating system (RAS) zuru ezu iji mee ka mmadụ banye n'ọnọdụ coma.
Cerebral cortex bụ mpụga nke akwara akwara nke ụbụrụ. Cerebral cortex nwere ihe na-acha ntụ ntụ nke nwere nucleus nke neurons, ebe akụkụ dị n'ime nke ụbụrụ nwere ihe ọcha ma nwee axons nke neuron. Ihe na-acha ọcha na-ahụ maka nghọta, nnyefe nke ntinye mmetụta site na ụzọ thalamic, na ọtụtụ ọrụ ndị ọzọ nke akwara, gụnyere echiche dị mgbagwoju anya.
In the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI), there are 4 examination methods that have proved useful: skull x-ray, angiography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The skull x-ray can detect linear fractures, impression fractures (expression fractures) and burst fractures. Angiography is used on rare occasions for TBIs i.e. when there is suspicion of an aneurysm, carotid sinus fistula, traumatic vascular occlusion, and vascular dissection. A CT can detect changes in density between the brain tissue and hemorrhages like subdural and intracerebral hemorrhages. MRIs are not the first choice in emergencies because of the long scanning times and because fractures cannot be detected as well as CT. MRIs are used for the imaging of soft tissues and lesions in the posterior fossa which cannot be found with the use of CT.
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