cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Dolma
Ụdị dị iche iche
E nwere ọtụtụ ụdị zeytinyağlı (nke nwere mmanụ oliv) na Niolayağlı (ya na bọta doro anya) dolmas. A na-ejikarị osikapa jupụta na dolmas zeytinyağlı ma jiri galik-yogurt mee ihe na-ajụ oyi, mana a na-enye ụdị dị iche iche na anụ na-ekpo ọkụ, mgbe mgbe na tahini ma ọ bụ avgolemono sauce.
Akwụkwọ osisi vaịn e tinyere n'ime ya
link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Etli_yaprak_sarma_-_yogurt.jpg/220px-Etli_yaprak_sarma_-_yogurt.jpg|thumb|A na-etinye akwụkwọ osisi vaịn e ji yogọt mee A maghị mmalite nke akwụkwọ osisi vaịn a na-etinye n'ime ya. Enwere ike iji anụ ma ọ bụ ọka mee ha, ma jiri yogọt galik, ma ọ bụ ofe na-atọ ụtọ ma na-esi ísì ụtọ nke e ji pomegranate syrup na cherries na-esi ụtọ mee. A maara ha dị ka dolmeh na Iran, dolmades na Gris, tolma na Armenia, yarpaq dolması na Azerbaijan na yebra na Syria. Ndị Ijipt na-akpọ nri a mahshi (nke a na-akpọkwa mashi ma ọ bụ mashy). mana n'ọdịnala, a na-eji cabbage eme ihe n'oge oyi ma na-eji akwụkwọ osisi vaịn eme ihe n"oge ọkọchị. A na-enye akwụkwọ osisi vaịn na-enweghị anụ ọ bụla, nke a na-akpọ yalancı dolma na Turkish, na okpomọkụ ime ụlọ.
Ihe osise cabbage
Na nri ndị Peshia, basuts dolma bụ efere nke rọba a na-etinye agwa na mkpụrụ osisi tart. A na-ekpuchi ya na akwụkwọ cabbage, ma tinye ya na agwa na-acha ọbara ọbara, agwa garbanzo, lentils, ọka wit gbawara agbawa, tomato paste, yabasị na ọtụtụ ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ na ihe na-atọ ụtọ. A na-akpọ mpịakọta cabbage Pasuts tolma (ասպուց տոլմա) (Lenten dolma) n'asụsụ Armenian ebe ha nwere mkpụrụ asaa dị iche iche ♡ chickpea, bean, lentil, ọka wit gbawara agbawa, pea, osikapa na ọka. [citation needed] Ndị na-esi nri Armenia na-eji mgbe ụfọdụ rose hip syrup iji mee ka mpịakịrị cabbage jupụtara na ụtọ. Mpịakọta cabbage a makwaara dị ka kalam dolmasi na Azerbaijan
Akwụkwọ Nri
Enginar dolması bụ obi artichoke zuru oke. Enwere ike itinye ha osikapa ma ọ bụ anụ a gwakọtara agwakọta nke e siri n'ime tomato sauce na ose aleppo. Enwere ike iji mgbọrọgwụ Celery dochie anya artichoke.
Otu mpaghara pụrụ iche sitere na Mardin bụ efere dolma agwakọta. A na-ebu ụzọ jiri okpokoro yabasị, akwụkwọ osisi vaịn, na cabbage kpuchie osikapa na-atọ ụtọ nke a na-etinye na sumac na Urfa. A na-eji osikapa fọdụrụ na ya emeju osisi ákwà, zucchini, na ihe na-eme ka ose jupụta. A na-agbakwunye dolma yabasị a na-ekpuchi n'ala nke ite nri miri emi na akwụkwọ nri, akwụkwọ cabbage, na akwụkwọ osisi vaịn a na-etinye n'elu dolmas yabasị. A na-esi ite dolmas dum na mmiri na-atọ ụtọ.
Nri Oké Osimiri
E nwekwara ụdị nri mmiri nke dolma. A na-etinye mussels ma ọ bụ Midye dolma na osikapa, yabasị, ose ojii na pimento spice
A na-eji cheese Halloumi, yabasị, achịcha, galik na parsley eme ihe maka kalamar dolma (calamari jupụtara). A na-etinye ihe mgbagwoju anya ahụ dum ma sie ya na bọta, mmanụ oliv na tomato sauce. Maka ọdịiche ọzọ, enwere ike itinye obere squid na bulgur na ngwakọta ahịhịa ọhụrụ ma sie ya n'ọkụ.
Enwere ike itinye azu (sardalya) na cheese kashar, tomato, yabasị, dill na parsley. Na Turkey, enwere ike inye sardines a na-etinye n'ime ya dị ka efere mezze na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ ọdịnala a na-akpọ meyhane.
Offal
E nwere ọtụtụ ụdị dolma e ji akpụkpọ anụ mee. Dalak dolması, nke a na-ewere n'ọtụtụ ebe dị ka nri dị ụtọ nke sitere na Armenia, bụ spleen jupụtara na osikapa nke ejirila allspice, nnu, ose, mint, parsley na yabasị mee ka ọ dị ụtọ. Enwere ike inye ya na mmanya na-atọ ụtọ nke a na-akpọ Oghi.
Mumbar dolma bụ eriri afọ nke e ji ngwakọta mmiri nke anụ, osikapa, ose, cumin na nnu. A na-esizi eriri afọ ahụ n'ime mmiri ruo mgbe a siri ya nke ọma, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, enwere ike ịkpụ ya ma sie ya na bọta tupu a na-enye ya.
Dolmas ndị sitere na mkpụrụ osisi
E nwere ụfọdụ dolmas ndị sitere na mkpụrụ osisi dịka şekerli ayva dolması (nke a na-etinye na osikapa na currant, nke e ji coriander, cinnamon na shuga mee) na pekmezli ayva Dolması (anụ na bulgur nke e ji quince mee nke e ji sirop,ọdịnala Turkish mee, nke yiri molasses, nke a na-akpọ pekmez). Pekmez bụkwa ihe mejupụtara n'ụdị anụ nke elma dolması (apụl a na-etinye n'ime ya) na sarı erık dolması (plum na-acha odo odo). Ndị Azerbaijan nke Iran na ndị Juu nke Persia nwere ike inye nri iri na ise, nke a na-akpọ dolma bay, dị ka nri izu ike ma ọ bụ n'oge Sukkot.
A na-eji ubu nwa atụrụ dị elu a na-akpọ খাৰুৱা, nwa atụrụ, na osikapa eme otu ihe maka apụl a na-etinye n'ime apụl. A na-esi mkpụrụ vaịn ojii mbụ na sumac na-esi mmiri vaịn na-atọ ụtọ ma debe ya. A na-esi nwa atụrụ a na-esi nri n'ime mmiri vaịn a na-atọ ụtọ. A na-etinye apụl ahụ na ngwakọta nke nwa atụrụ a gwakọtara agwakọta ya na osikapa, nnu, ose ma tinye ya n'ime ite n'elu iberibe nri a siri esi. A na-esi apụl ahụ n'ime mmiri mkpụrụ vaịn na-atọ ụtọ nke sumac fọdụrụnụ. A na-agbakwunye apricots a mịrị amị na almond ndị a mịrị apụl n'ime ite ahụ na njedebe nke usoro isi nri. A na-eme ụdị anụ na-enweghị anụ nke ihe a na-etinye site na ngwakọta apụl, pears, ukpa, hazelnut, currants, cinnamon, cloves, na star anise. A na-etinye apụl ndị a gbahapụrụ agbapụta na ngwakọta ahụ ma sie ha n'ọkụ. Enwere ike iji shuga ntụ chọọ ụdị a mma.
Egwusi a na-etinye n'ime ya bụ akụkụ nke nri ndị Ottoman. Nchịkọta ahụ ka dị na nri Yemenite na Armenian nke oge a.
Ememe okpukpe na omenala
Ọ bụ omenala maka ezinụlọ ndị Juu iri choux na Simchat Torah.
Ezinụlọ ndị Alakụba na-enyekarị dolma dị ka akụkụ nke nri iftar n'oge Ramadan na n'oge mmemme Eid al-Fitr nke na-egosi njedebe nke ọnwa nsọ. A na-akwadebe nnukwu ite dolma n'oge mmemme Novruz.
Ebensidee
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Ebe e si nweta ya
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Asụsụ Moro (Naịjiria)
Moro bụ asụsụ East Kainji nke Naijiria nke sitere na ụyọkọ Shammo.
Nkesa
A na-asụ Moro na Plateau, Bauchi, Kaduna, na n'ime Kano steeti. E nwere ihe dị ka obodo nta iri abụọ, nke bụ:
Wendy Carrillo
thumb|Wendy Carrillo
Wendy Maria Carrillo Dono bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị America na-eje ozi na Nzukọ nke Steeti California. Onye Democrat, ọ na-anọchite anya mpaghara 52 nke State Assembly, na-agụnye akụkụ nke ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Los Angeles na East Los Angeles. Ọ bụ onye isi oche nke Assembly Anthony Rendon ṅụrụ iyi n'ọkwa na Disemba 16, 2017. Tupu ọ bụrụ onye otu California State Assembly, ọ bụ onye nta akụkọ mgbasa ozi na onye na-arụ ọrụ.
Carrillo bụ onye mbịarambịa mbụ nke Salvadoran na onye mbịara mbụ na-enweghị akwụkwọ a họpụtara na Nzukọ nke Steeti.
Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Wendy Carrillo na El Salvador n'abalị iri n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 1980, ọ bụ nwa mbụ n'ime ụmụ nwanyị ise. Nne ya kwagara na United States mgbe Carrillo bụ nwatakịrị, ebe ọ chere na ọ bụghị ihe na-adịghị mma ịnọ na El Salvador n'ihi agha obodo. Nne Carrillo rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-elekọta ụmụaka. Site na nke a, o nwere ike ịchekwa ego zuru ezu iji kpọbata Carrillo, ya na nne nne Carrillo na nwanne nne ya, na United States. Ọ kwagara Los Angeles mgbe ọ dị afọ 5, ma too na Boyle Heights na City Terrace. Ọ natara obibi mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na atọ mgbe nna ya rịọrọ ya arịrịọ. Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na otu, o tinyere akwụkwọ ka ọ bụrụ nwa amaala ma nye ya ikike ịbụ nwa amaala.
Carrillo gara Harrison Elementary, El Sereno Middle School na Roosevelt High. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na East Los Angeles College na Cal State Los Angeles. Carrillo nwetara nzere masta, na-ekwusi ike na demography na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, site na Mahadum nke Southern California.
Ọrụ mbụ
Ruo afọ iri, ọ bụ onye ọbịa na onye isi mmepụta nke mmemme obodo a na-akpọ "Knowledge is Power" na KPWR 106 FM. Ihe ngosi okwu ahụ kpuchiri isiokwu ndị dị ka ikpe ziri ezi gburugburu ebe obibi, ohere agụmakwụkwọ dị elu na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Carillo rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye edemede na onye na-emepụta Nuvo TV. Ọ bụkwa onye na-enye onyinye mgbe niile na Pivot's Take Part Live, Huff Post Live, The Young Turks" The Point na Al Jazeera America.
N'afọ 2014, ọ bụ onye guzobere Reported.ly, nke bụ mmalite mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta nke ebumnuche ya bụ ikpuchi esemokwu, ikike mmadụ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Ọ bụkwa onye njikwa nkwukọrịta maka ndị ọrụ a na-akpọ Local 271, onye mmekọ Los Angeles nke Service Employees International Union.
N'afọ 2017, Carrillo kwupụtara ebumnuche ya ịgba ọsọ iji dochie onye omeiwu nke oge ahụ bụ Xavier Becerra mgbe a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ Attorney General nke California. Carrillo mechara nweta 5% ma merie onye omeiwu steeti Jimmy Gomez na onye ọka iwu Robert Lee Ahn. Gomez meriri Lee Ahn, na-enweta 60.1% nke votu ma ṅụọ iyi na July 11, 2017.
Nzukọ nke Steeti California
N'afọ 2018, Carrillo zutere osote prọfesọ nnwere onwe Christopher Stare. Carrillo meriri Stare n'ụzọ dị mfe dị ka a tụrụ anya ya, na-enweta 86.6% nke votu. N'afọ 2020, Carrillo gbara ọsọ n'enweghị onye na-emegide ya na ntuli aka nke mbụ na nke zuru oke.
N'abalị iri abụọ na abụọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2022, onye a họpụtara na Los Angeles City Councilmember Eunisses Hernandez kwuru na otu nwanyị na-achọ Gomez na onye Assemblymember Wendy Carrillo kwuru okwu megide ndị Asia banyere ndị na-ama ha aka, David Kim, onye bụ onye Korea-America, na Mia Livas Porter, onye bụ Filipino-American, n'otu n'otu, mgbe ọ na-eleta ụlọ Hernandez. Na ngwụcha Ọktọba 2022, onye na-eme ntụli aka na Highland Park mere ebubo yiri nke ahụ ma e wezụga n'oge a ọ metụtara ụmụ nwanyị abụọ na-ese ihe. Na nzaghachi, ma mkpọsa Gomez na Carrillo rịọrọ ndị na-ama ha aka mgbaghara ma gakwuru Hernandez site na Twitter na mkparịta ụka ekwentị dị iche iche na-emesi obi ike na ha emeela ihe iji hụ na onye na-enyocha -na-ajụ abụghịzi akụkụ nke mkpọsa ahụ.
Ihe odide
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Tafawa Balewa, Bauchi
Tafawa Balewa bụ ọchịchị ime obodo dị na ndịda steeti Bauchi na ugwu Naijiria. Isi ụlọ ọrụ ya dị n'obodo Tafawa Balewa.
Akụkọ ihe mere eme
"Obodo Tafawa Balewa wepụrụ aha ya n'okwu abụọ nke Fulani rụrụ arụ: "Tafari" (nkume) na Baleri (oji)."
Amara mpaghara ahụ maka ime ihe nke otu nzuzu na ogbaghara agbụrụ kemgbe ọtụtụ afọ. Ndị isi agbụrụ a bụ  Sayawa na Hausa/Fulani. Otu akụkọ Associated Press na-ekwu, sị, "Ndị Sayawa kacha n'ime obodo na obodo nta ya, mana ndị eze ọdịnala ha bụ ndị agbụrụ Fulani na-abụkarị ndị Alakụba. Ndị Sayawa achọọla onye ọchịchị ọdịnala dị iche, nke butere mwakpo na ọgụ n'ime afọ iri abụọ gara aga." "Obodo Tafawa Balewa bi na Jarawa, Fulani, Hausa, Sayawa, Kanuri, Tapshinawa (angas) na ebo ndị ọzọ. Obodo a abụwo nnukwu nsogbu n'etiti ọha mmadụ nke na-adịte aka kemgbe ihe karịrị afọ iri ise, dị ka a hụrụ n'afọ 1948, 1959, 1977, 1991, 1995, 2001, 2005, 2010, 2011 na 2012, ebe ọtụtụ narị ndụ furu na ihe onwunwe ruru nde naira. Okwu sekpụ ntị na ya bụ esemokwu na-enwekarị ọgụ na mpaghara ahụ metụtara ịzọ ndị isi na ndi nwe obodo Tafawa Balewa." N'afọ 2011, mmadụ iri atọ na asatọ nwụrụ n'ime ihe ike malitere mgbe a na arúrịta ụka n'otu ọnụ ụlọ snooker gbasara obodo Kutaru, Malanchi, Gongo, Gumel na Gital gbara ọkụ n'ime mwakpo mmegwara.
N' afọ 2011, Bauchi Steeti, Gọvanọ Isa Yuguda "na-eyi egwu ịkwatu obodo Tafawa Balewa ma e wezụga ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị dị ka ụlọ ọgwụ na ụlọ akwụkwọ," na-agwa ndị bi na "Unu kwesịrị ị nabata ịdị n'otu udo ma ọ bụ ụnụ a nọrọ n'ihe ize ndụ nke mkpochapụ kpamkpam na Tafawa Balewa. M ga-eme ka a kwatuo obodo ahụ kpamkpam ka udo wee bụrụ eze.” “Enwere ọgbakọ ihe mberede nke ndị otu jikọrọ ndị ụka na ndị Alakụba na-anọchite anya ọchịchị ime obodo Tafawa Balewa na Bogoro ”, ma ha kwekọrịtara.
N'afọ 2012, "gọọmentị steeti sitere n'ụlọ omebeiwu ukwu kpebiri ibugharị isi ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị ime obodo n'obodo Bununu." E bugara isi ụlọ ọrụ ime obodo Tafawa Balewa na mpaghara Bununu. A kpọgara onye isi mpaghara ahụ na ime obodo Zwal. Ndị otu Sayawa Council of Elders and Traditional Council of Tafawa Balewa na Bogoro nke Bauchi steeti katọrọ ịkwaga ebe ahụ. Hon. Rifkatu Samson Danna, na-anọchite anya Bogoro Constituency na nanị nwanyị bụ onye òtù ụlọ ogbakọ omebe iwu Bauchi Steeti, a kwụsịtụrụ n'ọkwa ya maka n' ọ megidere mkpebi ahụ. N'ihe dị ka mkpụrụ Ụbọchị asatọ nke ọnwa Mee n'afo 2012, Bununu enweghị "ọtụtụ ihe eji enyere ndụ aka dịka mmiri, ọkụ eletrik, ebe obibi ụlọ ọrụ, ihe eji arụ ọrụ, ebe obibi ndị ọrụ na ụzọ dị mma iji banye na odeakwụkwọ gọọmenti ime obodo nwa oge." N'afọ 2013, Hon. Yakubu Dogara (PDP/Bauchi) Onyeisi oche, kọmitii na-ahụ maka ụlọ omebe iwu na-ahụ maka ọrụ ụlọ, kwuru na "mgbalị isite isi obodo Tafawa Balewa kwaga Bunu abụghị naanị ihe megidere iwu kama ọ bụ ihe e mere iji kpalie ya. enweghị mmasị n'etiti ndị steeti."
A na- asụ asụsụ Sayawa n' ọchịchị ime obodo Tafawa Balewa.
Kanuri language
Kanuri (/kəˈnuːri/) bụ asụsụ na-aga n'ihu na-asụ na Naijiria, Niger, Chad na Cameroon, yana obere ndị na-erughị eru na ndịda Libya na ndị bi na Sudan.
Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga
At the turn of the 21st century, its two main dialects, Manga Kanuri and Yerwa Kanuri (also called Beriberi, which its speakers consider to be pejorative), were spoken by 9,700,000 people in Central Africa. It belongs to the Western Saharan subphylum of Nilo-Saharan. Kanuri is the language associated with the Kanem and Bornu empires that dominated the Lake Chad region for a thousand years.
Usoro okwu bụ isi nke ahịrịokwu Kanuri bụ isiokwu. Ọ bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe n'otu oge nwere postpositions na post-nominal modifiers dịka ọmụmaatụ, "pot Bintu" ga-egosipụta dị ka nje Bintu-be, "pot Vintu-of".
Kanuri nwere ụda atọ: elu, ala, na ọdịda. Ọ nwere usoro dị ukwuu nke consonantal lenition; dịka ọmụmaatụ, sa- "ha" + -buma "eri" → za-wuna "ha riri".
Dị ka omenala, ọ bụ asụsụ a na-asụ n'ógbè ahụ, ojiji ya adaala n'ime iri afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya. Ọtụtụ ndị na-asụ asụsụ mbụ na-asụrụ Hausa ma ọ bụ Arabic dị ka asụsụ nke abụọ. [citation needed]
Ebe a na-ekesa ya
A na-asụ Kanuri karịsịa na ala dị ala nke Chad Basin, na ndị na-ekwu okwu na Cameroon, Chad, Niger, Nigeria, Sudan na Libya.
Ụdị dị iche iche
Ethnologue kewara Kanuri n'ime asụsụ ndị a, ebe ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ (dịka. Cyffer 1998) na-ewere ha dị ka olumba nke otu asụsụ. Ndị agbụrụ Kanuri na-asụ atọ mbụ ma chee ha dị ka olumba nke asụsụ ha.
Ihe odide Kanuri
E dere Kanuri site na iji edemede Ajami Arabic, ọkachasị n'okpukpe ma ọ bụ n'ụlọ ikpe, ruo ma ọ dịkarịa ala narị afọ anọ. N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, a na-edekwa ya mgbe ụfọdụ na mkpụrụedemede Latin gbanwere. E mepụtara Oziọma Jọn nke e bipụtara na 1965 n'asụsụ Roman na Arabic.
Mkpụrụ akwụkwọ
Otu orthography romanized (nke a maara dị ka Standard Kanuri Orthography na Naịjirịa) bụ nke Kanuri Research Unit na Kanuri Language Board mepụtara. Nkọwa ya, dabere na olumba nke Maiduguri, bụ nke Kọmitii Orthography nke Kanuri Language Board, n'okpuru Onye isi oche Abba Sadiq, Waziri nke Borno. Ọ kwadoro ya n'ụzọ iwu site na Kanuri Language Board na Maiduguri, Nigeria, na 1975.
Mkpụrụ akwụkwọ e ji mee ihe : a b c d e ǝ f g h i j k l m n ny o p r ː s sh t u w y z.
Edensibia
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Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations
Plakali
Plakali bụ nri bụ isi nke ndị Ahanta na Nzema nke mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ nke obodo Ghana kwadebere. Ọ na-agụnye ntụ ọka cassava e siri na mmiri ọkụ, ọ dịkwa ka banku, nri ọzọ na Ghana, na fufu. A na-eri Plakali na mkpụrụ osisi nkwụ ma ọ bụ ofe mkpụrụ osisi nkwu.
Ihe odide
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Algae scrubber
thumb|Nhazi nke algae scrubber nke oge a naeji ikuku ikuku naaga nelu iji mepụta ọgba aghara; mgbe agbakwunyere ọkụ, algae naeto nime unit ma naeri ihe oriri. thumb|Ahịa naese nelu mmiri algae scrubber naeji ọkụ ọkụ LED naacha ọbara ọbara na ikuku ikuku naaga nelu iji mee ka algae too nime oghere uto. Nime oghere ahụ, a naetinye ihe ndị siri ike nke naeme ka njikọ algal dịkwuo mma; eriri / eriri naenye ohere njikọ algal ọzọ. thumb|Ihichapụ oge nke algae nke toro nime algae scrubber naewepụ ihe oriri (ammonia, nitrate, phosphate) site na mmiri aquarium, si otú a naenye nzacha dị mkpa. Algae scrubber bụ ngwaọrụ nzacha mmiri (ekwesịghị ịgbagwoju anya na pad scrubber eji eme ka iko dị ọcha) nke naeji ìhè etolite algae; na usoro a, a naewepụ kemịkal ndị a naachọghị na mmiri. Algae scrubbers naenye ndị naeme ihe ntụrụndụ mmiri nnu, mmiri dị ọcha na ọdọ mmiri ohere iji tankị ha rụọ ọrụ site na iji nzacha okike nụdị mmepụta mbụ, dị ka oké osimiri na ọdọ mmiri.
Echiche
Algae scrubber naenyocha mmiri site na ịkwaga mmiri ngwa ngwa nelu ihe siri ike, nke naenwu gbaa nke ukwuu, nke naeme ka algae malite itolite nụba. Ka algae naeto, ha naeri ihe oriri dịka nitrate, phosphate, nitrite, ammonia, ammonium na ọbụna ọla dịka ọla kọpa site na mmiri. Ihe ndị a naedozi ahụ naabụkarị nsogbu na aquariums na ọdọ mmiri nihi na ha naeme ka algae naenye nsogbu itolite, nakwa n'ihi n'ihi nde ha naakpata ọrịa na / ma ọ bụ nsogbu ndị ọzọ na azụ aquarium, invertebrates na corals. Algae scrubber naenye ohere ka algae too, mana algae naeto nime nzacha kama na aquarium ma ọ bụ ọdọ mmiri. Nke a naewepụ ihe oriri naedozi ahụ (naagbanye mmiri), naebelata algae na aquarium ma ọ bụ ọdọ mmiri. Algae naenye nsogbu na aquarium ma ọ bụ ọdọ mmiri ekwesịghị ịgbagwoju anya na algae achọrọ na nzacha algae scrubber nonwe ya. Enwere ike iwepụ algae naeto nime algae scrubber, ma ọ bụ nyeghachi anụ ụlọ.
Ma fertilization iron na nri naedozi ahụ noké osimiri bụ usoro na-akwalite mmepụta mbụ nke algae noké Osimiri, nke naeri nnukwu ihe naedochi ahụ na CO2. Ọ bụ otu oriri nke ihe oriri nke algae naeme na aquarium ma ọ bụ ọdọ mmiri.
A naeji algae scrubbers eme ihe na mmiri nnu na mmiri dị ọcha, ma wepụ algae naenye nsogbu nke ọtụtụ ụdị: cyano ma ọ bụ slime, bubble, ntutu, Chaetomorpha, Caulerpa, na algae ihe nkiri, yana dinoflagellates na Aiptasia.
Akụkọ ihe mere eme
áká_èkpè|thumb|Dr. Walter Adey Ọ bụ Dr. Walter Adey, onye malitere na ngwụcha afọ 1970, bụ onye nduzi nke Marine Systems Laboratory na Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution (Washington DC, USA) mepụtara algae scrubber. Nnyocha ya banyere ụdị algae dị iche iche, ọkachasị na ọrụ ha na gburugburu ebe obibi na coral reefs, nyere ya nghọta banyere otu oké osimiri (karịsịa reef) si "recycles" nutrients. O mepụtara ma wuo ihe ngosi dị iche iche ruru puku galọn atọ, ma mepụta usoro gburugburu ebe obibi dị iche iche nke mmiri gụnyere coral reef / lagoon nke "mgbe afọ asatọ nke mmechi [na gburugburu ebe obibi], nwere usoro kemịkal ya nke naanị algal turf scrubber naachịkwa. Usoro a, nke otu ndị ọkà mmụta ihe ndị dị ndụ naamụ, gosipụtara ọnụego calcification [ọganihu coral] hà ka pasent 4 kachasị mma nke reefs ọhịa, na 543 a chọpụtara ụdị, na atụmatụ ụdị 800, nke a họpụtara na mpaghara ọ bụla dị ka reef kachasị mma a tụrụ. "
Na mbipụta atọ nke akwụkwọ ya, Dynamic Aquaria, Dr Adey kọwara ọrụ ya n'ụzọ zuru ezu ma kwurịta na ụkpụrụ sayensị ihe ndị metụtara anụ ahụ, kemịkal, na ihe ndị dị ndụ maka iwulite usoro gburugburu ebe obibi naarụ ọrụ nime ogige, site na nha aquarium, ruo microcosm (ruo 5000 galons), ma ọ bụ nha mesocosm (> 5000 galons). Nịkọwa ihe mkpofu ahịhịa algal ọ mepụtara, ọ kọwara na iwepụ ihe oriri karịrị akarị abụghị naanị ọrụ ya. Site nịrụ ọrụ scrubber nabalị mgbe nnukwu tankị ahụ gbanwere gaa noge iku ume dị iche (ihe ọkụkụ naamịkọrọ oxygen ugbu a karịa ịmepụta ya) scrubber nọgidere naenwe ọkwa oxygen ma nyere aka gbochie pH site na igbochi ọkwa dị elu nke carbon dioxide ka ọ ghara iwulite. thumb|Mmiri na-ehicha mmiri "Recycling" pụtara otu ihe naedozi ahụ si aga site na osisi gaa na anụmanụ, ma laghachi na osisi ọzọ. Nala, ị naahụ imegharị ihe site na ịgbaso ikuku oxygen: Osisi ndị na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ naeji carbon dioxide ma wepụta oxygen; ụmụ anụmanụ naeji oxygen a ma wepụta carbon dioxide. Noké osimiri na ọdọ mmiri, ihe oriri naesi na algae gaa na anụmanụ, ma laghachi na algae ọzọ. áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Usoro ihe oriri na-edozi ahụ n'ime mmiri Dr. Adey wuru ọtụtụ ụdị algae scrubbers maka aquariums na Smithsonian. Ọ kpọrọ ha "Algal Turf Scrubbers", nihi na noge ahụ, ekwere na "turf" algae bụ ụdị algae kachasị mma iji too na scrubber. E nyekwara ya ikike ikike mbụ nke US maka ihe naehichapụ algae, nke kọwara ihe dị mgbagwoju anya nke naawụfu mmiri n'elu ala, si otú a naeme ka ebili mmiri dị na gburugburu ebe obibi. Mgbe ọtụtụ afọ nke mmepe gasịrị, o sonyere na nnwale nke nnukwu algae scrubber na Great Barrier Reef Aquarium: "Reef Tank naanọchite anya ngwa mbụ nke teknụzụ algal scrubber maka usoro aquarium buru ibu. Aquaria naeji usoro nhicha mmiri nkịtị (dịka nzacha nje bacteria) nozuzu ha nwere ọkwa nri na akụkụ kwa nde, ebe ndị naehichapụ algal nọgidere naenwe akụkụ kwa ijeri [nke dị ala], nagbanyeghị ibu dị arọ na Reef Tank. Ihe ịga nke ọma nke algal scrubbers nịnọgide naenwe mmiri kwesịrị ekwesị maka coral reef gosipụtara na mmepụta nke coral scleractinian na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ bi na tankị. "
Nụzọ dị mwute, a maghị noge ahụ (1988) na calcium na alkalinity kwesịrị ka agbakwunye na tankị reef, iji dochie nke ihe ndị naeto eto naeji. Ọbụna afọ ise mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, Ogige Ntụrụndụ Pittsburgh ka naamalite ịnwale tankị "mesocosm" scrubber reef iji hụ ma ọ bụrụ na ọkwa calcium ga-ada: "A naeche na Ca2+ na ihe ndị na-anọchi anya Sr2+ na Mg2+ nwere ike belata oke na microcosm coral reef nihi iji otu mmiri ahụ eme ihe nihi usoro mmeghachi omume nke dị na coral reif mesocosm". [..."Scleractinians (Montastrea, Madracis, Porites, Diploria, na Acropora) na alga calcareous (Halimeda na ndị ọzọ) dị na coral reef mesocosm bụ ihe ndị nwere ike ịbụ ihe ndị naakpata mbelata dị ịrịba ama nke Ca2 + na Sr2 + cations. " [...] "Ca abụghị ihe naegbochi ihe, strontium abụghịkwa ihe naemebi ihe; HCO3 [alkalinity] nwere ike ịbụ. O yiri ka, nihi obere njedebe na nhazi nke mesocosm, ihe ndị a na ngwakọta nwere ike ịghọ ihe naegbochi. [...Ọ bụ ihe ijuanya na ihe ndị dị ndụ nwere ike imebi ọtụtụ puku galọn mmiri oké osimiri (atọ ruo puku isii) nke ihe ndị a ọbụna nime afọ abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa. " Mgbe ndị nchọpụta ndị ọzọ gbakwunyere calcium na / ma ọ bụ jikọta tankị ha na oké osimiri (nke naenyekwa calcium na alkalinity), corals malitere itolite ọzọ. Ka o sina dị, "nsogbu" ihe oriri (ammonia, ammonium, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, CO2, ọla) naedebe mgbe niile na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ala.
Dr. Adey nyere ikike ikike ikike ya na mmadụ ole na ole, bụ ndị rere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta nke aquarium scrubbers nye ndị naeme ihe ntụrụndụ nime afọ ole na ole. Otú ọ dị, mgbagwoju anya nke imewe ahụ, na ọnụahịa nke ikikere ahụ, mere ka ndị scrubber dị oke ọnụ. Nke a, jikọtara ya na eziokwu ahụ bụ na nkeji ndị ahụ naeme mkpọtụ, naagbapụta, na ndị a naapụghị ịdabere na ha (usoro ịwụfu gaarapara) mere ka ahịa dị nwayọ. Ndị naehichapụ ihe naamalite ịmalite ịga nihu nime ihe ntụrụndụ aquarium nafọ ndị 1990 mgbe Adey kpebiri iwepụ ikikere ya ma ghara ikwe ka onye ọ bụla mepụta ma ọ bụ ree ha. Ọ tụgharịrị uche ya kama na azụmahịa na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, wee banye na azụmaahịa onwe onye naeme nnukwu nrụnye scrubber maka ọdọ mmiri na osimiri.
Ka ịntanetị naemepe nafọ ndị 1990, ndị na-eme ihe ntụrụndụ na aquarium na ọdọ mmiri malitere ịtụle nsogbu algae naenye nsogbu, wee malite ịchọpụta ihe naeme: Aquariums na ọdọ mmiri nwere oke algae na naenye ihe oriri enweghị ihe oriri a na-achọpụta na mmiri. Nke a na mbụ yiri ihe ijuanya, ebe ọ bụ na ọnụọgụ nke algae naenye nsogbu kwesịrị ịbawanye ka ihe oriri dị na mmiri naabawanye. Olee otú e si nwee oke algae naenye nsogbu, mana enweghị ihe oriri a naatụle na mmiri iji kwado nke a? Ndị ọkà mmụta ihe ndị dị ndụ malitere ịkọwa na mgbe ọnụọgụ nke algae naenye nsogbu buru ibu, algae naezie naeri ihe niile naedozi ahụ site na mmiri ngwa ngwa karịa ka agbakwunyere ihe ọhụrụ, dịka Dr. Adey kwuru.
Mmasị niji algae maka njikwa ihe naedozi ahụ mụbara ọzọ, noge a nụdị idebe algae na "sump" ma ọ bụ obere aquarium ndị ọzọ nke ejikọtara ya na aquarium isi site na pọmpụ. Site na mgbakwunye ọkụ na mmiri, algae gaeto nógbè a, algae ahụ gaeri ihe oriri site na mmiri dịka Dr. Adey's algae scrubber units mere. Sumps ma ọ bụ obere aquariums ndị ọzọ eji eme ihe maka nzube a ghọrọ ndị a maara dị ka "refugiums". A naeji aha "refugium" mee ihe nihi na algae naeto eto nyere ebe dị nchebe maka obere na ụmụ anụmanụ microscopic iji mụọ ma too, ya mere ọ bụ "ebe mgbaba" site na nnukwu azụ na invertebrates na isi aquarium nke gaeri ha. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ ezie na refugiums naeri nri naedozi ahụ site na mmiri, ha erighị ha ngwa ngwa nọnọdụ niile; nke a mere ka ọtụtụ ndị naeme ihe ntụrụndụ nọgide naenwe nsogbu algae na aquariums ha.
Ụdị nke oge a
áká_èkpè|thumb|Nhazi mbụ nke scrubber kwụ ọtọ A naewu ọdịiche ndị ọzọ naadịbeghị anya na "mmiri na-ada" dị mfe nke ike ndọda naakpali, naeji ọkpọkọ PVC dị mfe iji wụba mmiri naagbadata na ihuenyo plastik (nke a makwaara dị ka "plastiki ákwà"), nke a naeme ka ọ bụrụ ihe siri ike iji kwe ka algae jikọta. Nihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nọnọdụ ọ bụla, ihe ndị a naeme nụlọ naebelata ihe oriri naedozi ahụ ruo nókè dị ala, nke a belatara ma ọ bụ wepụ nsogbu niile naenye nsogbu algae. Na mgbakwunye, algae "turf", nke bụ ihe a naelekwasị anya na nhazi bọket nke Dr. Adey, ejiri "algae ntutu na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ dochie ya. Nke a bụ n'ihi na algae turf naadịkarị naacha nchara nchara ma sie ike (dị ka ahịhịa aka mere nọhịa egwuregwu), ọ naegbochi ìhè na mmiri iru na ihuenyo. Nke a na-eme ka uto (na nzacha) nke algae ghara ịdị ngwa nihi na ala ala ala nke algae nke ejikọtara na ihuenyo naamalite ịnwụ ma pụọ. Algae naacha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, Otú ọ dị (karịsịa algae naenweghị ntutu naacha anụnụ anụnụ), naenye ohere ka ìhè na mmiri banye nụzọ niile ruo na ihuenyo ma ọ bụrụ na a naeme ka uto ahụ ghara ịdị arọ 20 mm, nke naenye algae ohere ito ngwa ngwa ma naamịkọrọ ihe ndị ọzọ naedozi ahụ nenweghị ọnwụ ma ghara ịhapụ njikọ na ihuenyo ahụ. Nke a bụ ihe ọma nihi na algae ntutu naacha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ bụ kpọmkwem ụdị algae nke naeto nonwe ya na algae scrubber e wuru nke ọma.
Ụdị ụfọdụ naejikwa ikuku ikuku naaga nelu. Ụdị a, nke bụ kpọmkwem ihe megidere nsụda mmiri ahụ, naenye ohere itinye algae scrubber nokpuru mmiri na aquarium, sump ma ọ bụ ọdọ mmiri, kama nelu ya. Nke a naeme ka owuwu dị mfe nke ukwuu, ebe ọ bụ na ngwaọrụ ahụ adịghị mkpa ka mmiri ghara ịba, ọ naenyekwa ohere itinye scrubber nime ebe siri ike ebe enweghị ohere nelu akara mmiri. Nhazi ahụ naemekwa ka algae ghara ịcha ma ọ bụrụ na ike adaa, nihi na algae niile dị nokpuru mmiri, na nhazi ahụ naewepụ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihe niile naawụfu. Nhazi ụfụfụ naagbadata nụdị atọ: ndị naarapara na ma naegbuke egbuke site na iko aquarium (ma ọ bụ sump); ndị naese nelu aquarium, sump ma ọ bụ ọdọ mmiri; na ndị naaga kpamkpam nokpuru mmiri dị ka ụgbọ mmiri.
Ịsacha na owuwe ihe ubi
Nozuzu, ma e wezụga maka ụdị nzacha naaga nihu ma ọ bụ nsụgharị naaga naaga nke ọma, ndị naehichapụ algae chọrọ ka ewepụ algae ("a naewepụta") oge ụfọdụ site na scrubber. Iwepụ algae a nwere mmetụta nke iwepụ ihe oriri naadịghị mma na mmiri nihi na algae jiri ihe oriri na mmiri ahụ iji too. A naewepụkarị algae ma ọ bụ:
Maka nsụgharị nke nsụda mmiri, a naewepụ ihuenyo ahụ na paịpụ ma sachaa ya na mmiri naagba ọsọ. A naewepụkwa ọkpọkọ ahụ, a naejikwa brọsh ezé hichaa oghere ahụ, iji wepụ algae ọ bụla toro na ya. Mgbe ewepụchara algae, a naetinye ihuenyo na ọkpọkọ nime scrubber. Maka nsụgharị upflow, usoro nhicha naadabere na ụdị:
Ụdị naejikọta na iko: A naewepụ akụkụ magnet dị nèzí iko ahụ, a naeweli akụkụ dị nime mmiri. Ọ bụrụ na uto ahụ bụ algae naacha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, mgbe ahụ, a naewepụ ya naanị aka. Ọ bụrụ na uto ahụ bụ ntutu naacha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ (dị ka ọ na-eme na mmiri dị ọcha) ma ọ bụ ihe gbara ọchịchịrị, mgbe ahụ, a naeburu ihe dị n'ime ya banye nime mmiri ma jiri brọsh ezé sachaa ya. Mgbe a sachara ya, a naetinye akụkụ dị n'ime na nèzí n'ebe ọ dị na iko ahụ.
Ụdị elu naese nelu mmiri: Ọ bụrụ na uto ahụ bụ algae ntutu naacha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ mgbe ahụ, a naewepụ ya site niji aka welie mkpuchi LED ma wepụ uto ahụ. Ọ bụrụ na uto ahụ bụ ntutu naacha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ ma ọ bụ ihe naacha ọchịchịrị, mgbe ahụ, a naeburu akụkụ ahụ naese nelu mmiri gaa na sink ma jiri brọsh ezé sachaa ya.
Ụdị drop-in: A nabuli unit ahụ dum nime mmiri, a naewepụkwa mkpuchi ahụ. Ọ bụrụ na uto ahụ bụ algae ntutu naacha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ mgbe ahụ, a naeji aka wepụ ya. Ọ bụrụ na uto ahụ bụ ntutu naacha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ ma ọ bụ ihe naacha ọchịchịrị, mgbe ahụ, a naeburu ya dum gaa na sink ma jiri brọsh ezé sachaa ya.
Ọ bụrụ na anaghị asa ihuenyo ahụ dị ka nke a site noge ruo noge, algae gaesi sie ike ma gbochie ihe ma nagafe iru "mgbọrọgwụ" nke algae, ebe ndị a gaanwụ ma hapụ ha, naetinye ihe oriri nime mmiri.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations
Asụsụ Mumuye
Asụsụ Mumuye bụ otu asụsụ Adamawa a na-asụ na Taraba Steeti, n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Naịjirịa.
Asụsụ
Nchịkọta dị n'okpuru ebea na-agbaso Shimizu (1979).
Mumuye bụ asụsụ ndị Adamawa na-asụkarị.
Aha na ebe
N'okpuru ebe a bụ ndepụta nke aha asụsụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ, na ebe sitere na Blench (2019).
Ihe odide
This article incorporates text available under the CC BY 3.0 license.
Jim Kosek
Jim Kosek bụ ónyé America na-ahụ màkà ihu igwe na telivishọn na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a dị ka onye isi na-ahụ Màkà ihu igwe na WAND na Decatur, Illinois. A maara Kosek nke ọma màkà ụdị ngosi ya, nke gụnyere mkpu na-ada ụda, mmegharị gabigara oke, njikọ na omenala a ma ama, na mkpu yiri nke ónyé na-eme ihe ọchị Sam Kinison.
Ọrụ
Jim Kosek gụrụ meteorology na Mahadum Penn State, mgbè ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ chọtara ọrụ na AccuWeather na 1985. Ọ bidoro dị ka ónyé na-ahụ màkà ihu igwe, mànà ọ malitere ime ihe dị ịtụnanya site n'ébé afọ 1990s gaa n'ihu. Business Insider akọwaala ya dị ka "Bill O'Reilly nke ihu igwe", site na The Washington Post dị ka "Al Roker zutere Sam Kinison," na Jimmy Kimmel dị ka ihe yiri "Glenn Beck kwesịrị ekwesị" ónyé na-ahụ màkà ihu igwe. Ụbọchị ikpeazụ ya na Accuweather bụ ụbọchị iri na otu n'ọnwa Jenụwari, 2012.
Ọ malitere ọrụ dị ka Chief Meteorologist màkà KTVX ABC 4 na Salt Lake City, Utah n'ubochi irí na asatọ n'ọnwa Jenụwarị, 2012, wee kwụsị ọrụ ya n'ogè ọkọchị nke afọ 2014. Dan Pope nọchiri ya bụ ónyé laghachiri na KTVX. Mgbè KTVX gasịrị, Kosek bidoro igosi ihu igwe na KCTV na Kansas City, Missouri.
Ọ sonyeere WGCL-TV na Atlanta n'ubochi mbu n'ọnwa Disemba, 2014, wee laghachi n'ọkwa Chief Meteorologist. Ụbọchị ikpeazụ Jim na WGCL bụ ụbọchị iri abụo na atọ n'ọnwa Juun, 2017, mgbè ụlọ ọrụ ahụ hapụrụ ya. N'ọnwa Disemba nke afọ ahụ, ọ sonyeere WLTZ na Columbus, Georgia dị ka ónyé isi na-ahụ màkà ihu igwe nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ma nọrọ n'ọkwa ahụ ruo n'ọnwa Ọgọst 2019.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Maram Ben Aziza
thumb|áká_ịkẹngạ
Maram Ben Aziza (Arabic, a mụrụ na Disemba 25, 1986), bụ onye Tunisia na-eme ihe, ihe nlereanya, na onye ọchụnta ego, nke a maara nke ọma maka ọrụ ya nke Selima na usoro Tunisian Maktoub.
Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Maram Ben Aziza n'ọnwa Disemba 25, 1986, na Carthage, Tunisia. Ọ na-enwe mmasị na ịgba egwu na ejiji site na nwata. Ọ malitere ọrụ ime ihe ngosi kemgbe afọ 2000, ọ nọchitere anya ọtụtụ ụdị ịma mma ma gosipụta maka ụfọdụ mkpuchi magazin. Ọ malitere ọrụ ime ihe nkiri ya mgbe ọ pụtara nke ọma na usoro Tunisian Maktoub n'afọ 2009.
N'afọ 2011, Maram pụtara na ihe nkiri Tunisian Histoires tunisiennes nke Nada Mezni Hafaiedh, mgbe e mesịrị, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na ọtụtụ ihe nkiri na usoro telivishọn. Ọ na-arụkwa ọrụ dịka onye ọbịa na onye na-ede akụkọ na telivishọn n'oge na-adịbeghị anya.
Onye na-eme ihe nkiri ahụ ghọrọ onye nwere mmetụta na instagram ngwa ngwa, nwere ihe karịrị nde mmadụ abụọ na-eso ụzọ ka ọ na-erule afọ 2019.
Onye guzobere ụlọ ahịa ejiji na ngwa ngwa mara mma, Maramode, o nwekwara ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ, Omek Houria na Tunis.
Ndụ onwe
Maram lụrụ di n'afọ 2018
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Khes
alt=A stout cloth used for bedding and wrap (shawl)|thumb|Khes (ụdị blanket dị gịrịgịrị, ọ bụ ákwà damask) nke a na-eji eme ihe ndina na Pakistan na n'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ [[Ndia|India.]] Khes (Punjabi: Shahmukhi:کھیس, ) (Punjab ịkpọ okwu: ) bụ ákwà mkpuchi ogho dị nro na mpaghara India; ọ bụ ákwù Damask a na-eji eme akwa akwa na mkpuchi oyi. A na-ejikarị aka akwa akwa akwa akwa na akwa akwa. Khes dị ka uwe bụ uwe dị mfe nke ndị ikom na Pakistan na n'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ India na-eyi iji kpuchie elu ahụ. Khes bụ ákwà dị mkpa na mpaghara ndị fọdụrụ n'ime ụmụ ndị ikom abụọ ahụ n'ebe nile site n'aka ndị Kraịst Punjab, mpaghara a ma ama maka mmepụta ya ma n'akụkọ ihe mere eme ama ọ bụghị naanị maka mmepụta nke Khes kamakwa ọtụtụ ákwà owuwe ihe ubi ndị ọzọ, ọkachasị na ụdị nke ụra site akụkọ na narị afọ nke 19 na nke 20. Khes bụ ihe ntụsara ahụ a na-eji n'ihe ndina, a pụkwara iji ya mee ihe dị ka ihe mkpuchi.
Akpụkpọ anụ
Khes bụ ákwà siri ike e ji akwa mee n'elu akwa aka. Ịkpa akwa Khes bụ nkà akwa ọdịnala metụtara ime obodo Punjab. Ọrụ nke ịkpa na ákwà nwere ihe dị mkpa n'omenala n'ime ime obodo. Ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'ime obodo na-akpa khes. Ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'obodo nta Punjab anọwo na-akpa khes dị ka akụkụ nke trousseau agbamakwụkwọ ha ruo ọtụtụ afọ.
A na-akpa akwa nke khes abụọ abụọ ma dụkọta ya ọnụ. Akụkụ Khes sitere n'obodo nke ìhè nke ụwa họrọ site n'ime ka ndị ọzọ Rampur, Uttar Pradesh, buru ibu ma dị na nha ruru 6 site na 9 feet (2.75 site na 1.8 m).
Khesi bụ ụdị dị iche iche nke khes, maka iji mee ihe n'ime ákwà.
Ụkpụrụ
A na-eji ogho eme ọtụtụ khes, mana e nwekwara ụdị ogho na silk. A na-amata ụdị Khes site na usoro dị iche iche na mmalite. N'ụzọ bụ isi, Khes dị mfe ma ọ bụ na geometrical atụmatụ, gụnyere ịlele ụkpụrụ (charkhana, chequered) na diamond ụkpụrụ. Ugboro ole a na-eji ụdị ihe eji eme ihe eme ihe emeela ka a na-akpọ khes Mgbe ndị mmadụ dị ka Azụmaahịa ụfọdụ dị ka ụdị ákwà tartan (okwu a na-ejikarị eme ihe maka akwa Scottish). Dabba khes bụ ụkpụrụ nwere square ndị e ji eriri e ji agba mee. Khes si Rampur Steeti bụ onye a ma ama maka ogho ya dị elu na ihe pụrụ iche, nke a na-ejikọta ọnụ, nke na-enwekarị eriri ọla edo na ókèala dị iche iche. Khes patpatti nwere akara ntụle na-acha ọcha na nke na-acha ọbara ọbara, ebe khes tukridaar bụ aha maka ntụle na nke na'acha anụnụ anụnụ. Khesbaf weaving bụ okwu maka ịmepụta ụkpụrụ diagonal.
India
Mmepụta na India na-ewere ọnọdụ na mpaghara Malwa na ndịda India Punjab. Ebe ndị ọzọ dị na India gụnyere Rampur, Uttar Pradesh.
Mmepụta na Pakistan na-ewere ọnọdụ na South Pakistani Punjab (n'obodo Bahawalpur, Multan, na n'obodo nta ndị dị n'ọzara Cholistan) na Sindh (n' obodo Naserpur, Sehwan Sharif, na Thatta)
Ntụaka
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Asụsụ ndị Mundat
Mundat bụ asụsụ Afro-Asiatic, a na-asụ na Plateau State, Nigeria na Mundat obodo nke Bokkos LGA.
Esther Sleepe
Esther Sleepe (1725-1762), bụ onye ọchụnta ego ndị bekee.
A mụrụ ya na Richard Sleepe, Onye isi nke City Waits (d.1758) na onye na-eme ihe nkiri Esther Dubois (1693-1773), na nwanne nwanyị Mary Sleepe Samson na Martha Sleepe. N'afọ 1749 ọ lụrụ onye egwu Charles Burney wee bụrụ nne Charles Burney na Fanny Burney.
Site na 1747, ụmụnna nwanyị na-ehi ụra jisiri ike ogbako nke ha, The Golden Fan & Seven Stars na London, ebe ha rụpụtara ma na-ere ndị fan na ihe ndị ọzọ okomoko. Ha nwere ihe ịga nke ọma. Mgbe alụmdi na nwunye ya gasịrị, Esther Sleepe bụ onye na-akwado ezinụlọ ya n'ụzọ ego, ebe ọ bụ na a na-akwụ ụgwọ ọrụ nke onye òtù ọlụlụ ya, ma eziokwu a zoro ezo mgbe ọgbọ ya gasịrị, ebe ọ bụ na ezinụlọ Burney nwere ọchịchọ ka a hụ ya dị ka ọkwa elu, ebe ọ bụ. Ahụghị ka ọ dị mma maka nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ ọkachamara.
A na-echekwa otu n'ime kaadị azụmahịa ya na British Museum:
Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị ọchụnta ego nọ na London na narị afọ nke iri na asatọ nke e gosipụtara na ngosi 'City Women in the 18th Century' na London 21 Septemba - 18 Ọktoba 2019.
Kapya language
Kapya bụ asụsụ Plateau a na-asụ na obodo Kapya, Takum LGA, Taraba State, n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Nigeria.
Komta language
Akụkọ ihe ọmụmụ
Asụsụ na-apụ n'anya na narị afọ nke 20 Komta bụ asụsụ ekpochapụghị nkewa nke a na-asụ na steeti Gombe ugbu a, ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Naijiria.
Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ọmụmụ
Ulrich Kleinewillinghöfer, mgbe ọ na-enyocha asụsụ Jalaa nke Nigeria, jụrụ ajụjụ n'ime ọtụtụ ndị gara aga n'ógbè ahụ, dị ka Jalaa, ndị bịara ọhụrụ na-etinye uche na ncheta ndụ. Otu n'ime ndị a bụ Komta. Ọ sịrị,"'Ndị Tangale chụpụrụ na / ma ọ bụ kpochapụ ndị Komta mgbe ha rutere n'ógbè Kaltungo Peak. Edere ndepụta [n'okpuru ebe a] na mpempe akwụkwọ ma nye m na 2003 site na Tangale ochie na-arụ ọrụ n'oge ahụ. Maiduguri... Ọ kọwara na otu a ka nna nna ya (Tangale) siri kwuo na Komta gụkọrọ.'"
Data
N'iburu n'uche oge gafere na enweghị onye akaebe kpọmkwem, enwere ike ikwu na ọnụọgụgụ ndị a bụ Komta.
Rịba ama
Komta Òtù:Asụsụ na-apụ n'anya na narị afọ nke 20 Òtù:Asụsụ Nigeria Òtù:Asụsụ Africa enweghị nkewa
Peppadew
thumb|Peppadew
Peppadew bụ aha akara ahịa nke ụlọ ọrụ nri ndị obodo South Afrika Peppadewe International (Pty) Ltd. maka ụdị ose Juanita. Peppadew International na-emepụta ma na-ere ngwaahịa nri dịgasị iche iche n'okpuru akara Peppadews, gụnyere ose jalapeño, ose Goldew, yabasị, sauces ọkụ, nri agworo agwo na nke ana akpo 'relishes', mana a maara ya nke ọma maka ose piquanté na-atọ ụtọ (ụdị Capsicum baccatum) nke a na-akụ na mpaghara Limpopo nke South Africa.
Akụkọ ihe mere eme
E hiwere Peppadew International na akara Peppadewa na 1995 mgbe onye guzobere Johan Steenkamp chọpụtara ose piquanté na-atọ ụtọ na Eastern Cape nke South Africa. Mgbe a chọtara ose ahụ, a na-etinye ikike ndị na-azụ osisi ma nweta ya na Ngalaba Ọrụ Ugbo, Ọhịa na Azụmaahịa South Africa iji chebe ụdị ahụ. Johan Steenkamp malitere ịzụlite na nhazi ose na mpaghara Tzaneen nke South Africa, ebe ụlọ ọrụ Peppadew International ka dị taa. Steenkamp mechara ree mmasị ya na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na 2004.
Peppadew International bụ ndị mbụ na-ere ụdị ose a. Ọ bụ ezie na a na-akọwa ose mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka ngwakọta n'etiti ose na tomato, nkọwa a abụghị nke ziri ezi, ma na-ezo aka naanị na ọdịdị na agba dị n'etiti osikapa na tomato cherry. [citation needed]
N'afọ 2011, Bon Appetit bipụtara ntụziaka maka Pimento Mac & Cheese na-akpọ Peppadews, mgbe ahụ, ọ ga-agba ọsọ na-esote na-agwa ndị na-agụ ya otu esi achọta ose. N'afọ 2016, akwụkwọ akụkọ Baltimore Sun kọrọ na e nwere ahịa ojii maka mkpụrụ ose.
Nhazi
link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Peppadew_pickled_peppers_jar.jpg/220px-Peppadew_pickled_peppers_jar.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Peppadew International bụ nke a maara nke ọma maka ngwaahịa Piquanté Pepper ya na-atọ ụtọ A na-akụ mkpụrụ osisi peppadew n'ime mkpụrụ osisi site na mkpụrụ ahọpụtara aka maka izu isii ruo asatọ. A na-ebufe ha na ndị ọrụ ugbo na-arụ ọrụ nke na-akụ ose n'okpuru nduzi nke ndị ọrụ ugwo nke Peppadew International. A na-ewepụta ose ndị a na-esighị esi ma zigara ha na ụlọ ọrụ nhazi nke Peppadew International ebe a na-ewepụ mkpụrụ ose, na-edozi ya ma na-etinye ya na brine pụrụ iche. [citation needed]
Ihe odide
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Elizabeth Strutt
Elizabeth Strutt (1782-1867; fl. 1805-1863 [2]), nke a makwaara dị ka Elizabeth Byron, bụ onye edemede na onye njem Bekee. Ọ bụ nwunye Jacob George Strutt na nne Arthur John Strutt, na onye maara ma na-akatọ Elizabeth Barrett Browning, onye ọ kọwara dị ka onye dere "abụọ n'ime sonnets kachasị nzuzu na nke kachasị njọ n'asụsụ Bekee. "N'afọ 1820 na 1830 ọ gara France na Switzerland, wee soro di ya na-ebi na Lausanne, ma mesịa kwaga Rome.
Ndụ ya
Ụbọchị ọmụmụ na ọnwụ Elizabeth Strutt ejighị n'aka. O yikarịrị ka ọ bụ Elizabeth Frost e mere baptizim na Hull, ugbu a na East Riding nke Yorkshire, na 20 February 1783. Ọ bụ nwanne Charles Frost, Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries, nke Hull, na ada Thomas Frost. onye ọka iwu Hull. Enyere ya ụgwọ ezumike nka Civil List na 18 June 1863, yabụ enweghị ike ịnwụ tupu ụbọchị ahụ. Lewis nyere 1782 maka ọmụmụ ya na 1867 maka ọnwụ ya.
Akwụkwọ akụkọ atọ mbụ ya, Anti-Delphine (1806), Drelincourt na Rodalvi (1807) na The Borderers (1812) ka ebipụtara n'okpuru aha "Oriakụ Byron". N'oge e bipụtara Genevieve, ma ọ bụ nleta Orphan na 1818 ọ bụ "Oriakụ Strutt". Ruo 1832 ya na di ya Jacob George Strutt bi na Butterwick House na Hammersmith, ebe ọ "gakwara n'ihu" ụlọ akwụkwọ ụmụ nwanyị nke Miss Attwood.
Ọrụ ya
Ọrụ Elizabeth Strutt bipụtara gụnyere:
Claudia Kanne
Claudia Kanne (amuru Septemba 29, 2000) bu onye omere si Netherlands.
N'Ọtụtụ 13537
Akara akpa ụra
Ụkpụrụ Europe maka akpa ụra malitere na 1 Jenụwarị 2005. Ụkpụrụ a nwere ihe dị mkpa gbasara iwu maka ụdị, ndị na-ekesa na ndị na-ere ahịa na-ere akpa ụra na Europe.
Koniscope
Koniscope (ma ọ bụ coniscope) bụ ngwá ọrụ sayensị iji chọpụta ma tụọ ọdịnaya nké uzuzu n'ime ikuku. A na-akpọkwa koniscope ntụ, ma ọ bụ Aitken ntụ ntụ, nkè áhà yá bụ John Aitken onye mepụtara koniscope mbụ.
N'Ọtụtụ 13537
Akara akpa ụra
Enwere mgbanwe dị mkpa n'ụzọ a na-akpọ akpa ụra akpa ndị mmadụ n'ihe dị ka ndị ọzọ na ímé nga ka onye isi na. Ụkpụrụ Europe pụtara na akpa ụra niile na-agbaso ụkpụrụ ahụ ga-enwe ọkwa okpomọkụ nke ule ụlọ nyocha. Nke a pụtara na akpa ụra sitere na ndị nrụpụta dị iche iche ga-enwe okpomọkụ yiri ya.
Enweghị iwu maka ụdị iji kwekọọ, ebe ọ bụ na ụkpụrụ ahụ bụ nhọrọ.
"EN 13537:2002 Requirements for Sleeping Bags" bụ ụkpụrụ gọọmentị Europe maka nhazi nke akpa ụra. EN13537 na-emetụta akpa ụra niile na-enweghị akpa ụra maka iji agha na akpa ụra maka oke okpomọkụ, ya bụ, nkasi obi dị n'okpuru -25 °C. E bipụtara ụkpụrụ ahụ na 2002 ma ugbu a nabata ya n'ọtụtụ mba Europe, ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ ndị dị n'èzí na-ejikwa ya. Ụkpụrụ a nọchiri na 2013 site na EN 13537:2012 na na 2016 site na ISO EN 23537:2016.
A na-eji ụkpụrụ ahụ eme ihe na mba ndị a: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, na United Kingdom.
Ule
EN13537 chọrọ nnwale manikin na-ekpo ọkụ nke na-emepụta nsonaazụ okpomọkụ anọ - oke elu, nkasi obi, oke ala, na oke. A na-arụ ọrụ okpomọkụ ndị a maka ndị na-azụ ahịa nkịtị.
Ụkpụrụ ahụ na-atụle ọkwa okpomọkụ anọ:
A na-ewere ọkwa ndị a na-eche na onye ahụ na-eji akwa ụra, ụlọikwuu ma na-eyi otu akwa okpomọkụ.
Maka ebumnuche nke nha ndị a, a na-ewere "nwoke ọkọlọtọ" dị afọ 25, na ịdị elu nke 1.73 m na ịdị arọ nke 73 kg; a na-eche na "nwaanyị ọkọlọtọ " dị afọ 25, nwere ịdị elu nke 2.60 m na ịdị ịdị arọ ya bụ 60 kg.
Francesca Sanna Sulis
Francesca Sanna Sulis (1716-1810), bụ onye ọchụnta ego Itali.
Ọ bụ onye chepụtara okpu silk nke ụmụ nwanyị nke a na-akpọ cambusciu. Catherine the Great so na ndị na-azụ ahịa ya
O guzobere ụlọ ọrụ ebere na Quartucciu na Sardinia.
Ọbá akwụkwọ ọha na eze na Quartucciu, yana Museum of Women entrepreneurs (MIF) dị na Muravera ka akpọpụtala aha ya.
Babute
Babute bụ nri Afrịka, n'ụzọ dị irè ụdị anụ, sitere na mpaghara Babute nke obodo Congo nwere anụ ehi, curry ntụ na apricots.
Morten Eilifsen
Morten Eilifsen (amụrụ na ọnwa Jenụwarị 6, na afọ 1984) bụ onye Norwegian cross-country skier onye gbara ọsọ n'etiti afọ 2004 na 2014. Ihe kacha mma o mere na World Cup bụ nke itoolu na ihe omume kilomita 15 na Norway na 2007. Nanị mmeri Eilifsen meriri bụ na 4 × 10 km relay na Sweden na 2008. A họpụtabeghị ya ka ọ soro sọọ mpi na Olympic Games ma ọ bụ FIS Nordic World Ski Championships. Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Martin Bajčičák
Martin Bajčičák (amụrụ na ọnwa June 12, n'afọ 1976 na Dolný Kubín) bụ onye Slovak na-agba ọsọ ski na-agbagharị n'elu ugwu nke na-asọmpi kemgbe afọ 1994. Ihe kacha mma o mere na FIS Nordic World Ski Championships bụ nke anọ na 15 km + 15 km abụọ na 2005.
Ihe kacha mma Bajčičák mere n'egwuregwu Olimpik n'oge oyi bụkwa na 15 km + 15 km abụọ, ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ nke asatọ na 2006.
Nanị mmeri ya n'otu n'otu na World Cup bịara na 15 km na Germany na afọ 2005. Bajčičák nwekwara mmeri asaa na asọmupi FIS ruo kilomita 15 + kilomita 15 abụọ site na 2000 ruo 2006. Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Mariem Ben Chaabane
Mariem Ben Chaabane (Arabic, a mụrụ na Julaị 30, 1983) bụ onye Tunisia na-eme ihe nkiri. A maara ya karịsịa maka ọrụ ya na usoro Tunisian Casting na Machair.
Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Meriam Ben Chaabane n'abalị 30 nke ọnwa July, afọ 1983. N'afọ 2007 ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Sorbonne Nouvelle Paris 3 na nzere bachelọ na nka ihe nkiri. Onye na-eme ihe nkiri ahụ na-agba egwu ma na-abụ abụ Training, Ọ jikwaa ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri. thumb|Mariem Ben Chaabane na September 2012 cover nke Tunivisions N'afọ 2010, ndị Tunisian na-ege ntị chọpụtara Mariem na ọrụ ya nke Dorra mnawer na usoro Tunisia "Casting". Ma n'afọ 2012 ọ laghachiri n'ike n'ike na ọrụ ya na usoro Maktoub.
Ọ nọ n'ihu magazin ndị mmadụ Tunivisions n'ọnwa Septemba 2012.
N'afọ 2016, ọ pụtara na usoro abụọ nke a na-agbasa n'ọnwa Ramadan, Awled Moufida na Flashback, Onye na-eme ihe nkiri ahụ pụtakwara na ihe nkiri Woh! nke onye nduzi Tunisian Ismahane Lahmar.
N'afọ 2019, Mariem Ben Chaabane rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpa na usoro ihe nkiri telivishọn Tunisian Machair nke onye nduzi Turkey bụ Muhammet Gok, ọ pụtara dịka Meriem "Nwanyị na-alụ ọgụ nke nwere ọrịa kansa ụbụrụ ma nwee naanị ụbọchị olenaole fọdụrụ ndụ". Usoro ahụ nwere nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma na mpaghara Maghreb n'oge Ramadan afọ 2019, ndị Tunisian na Maghreb na-ege ntị nwere mmasị na ọrụ ya.
Kanufi language
Kanufi (Anib) bụ asụsụ Plateau nke Naijiria.￼￼
Mariem Ben Chaabane
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Maurren Maggi
Maurren Higa Maggi (amụrụ na ọnwa June 25, na afọ 1976, na São Carlos) bụ onye na-eme egwuregwu n'egwuregwu na Brazil na onye nwetara ọla edo nke Olympic. Ọ bụ onye South America na-edekọ ihe ndekọ na 100 mita ihe mgbochi na ogologo ịwụli elu, na 12.71 sekọnd na 7.26 mita n'otu n'otu. O nwekwara ihe kachasị mma nke mita 14.53 na ịwụli elu atọ bụbu ihe ndekọ South America. Ọ bụ nwanyị Brazil mbụ meriri nrite ọla edo nke Olympic na egwuregwu otu.
N'afọ 2003, Maurren banyere n'ihe ihere ịzụ ori mgbe achọtara clostebol na sample ya. O kwuru na mpempe akwụkwọ gel na-egbochi mmerụ ahụ nke o ji mee ihe nwere anabolic steroid n'ime ihe mejupụtara ya. A kwụsịtụrụ Maurren ruo afọ abụọ, na-egbochi ya isonye na 2003 Pan American Games. Ọ hapụrụ ịga egwuregwu Olympic n'ihi ime ọ di.
Ọ bụ onye nke abụọ na 2009 Troféu Brasil Caixa de Atletismo na Keila Costa, na-efunahụ ihe omume ahụ na nke mbụ kemgbe 1998.
Maurren lụrụ onye na-agba ọsọ Antônio Pizzonia, onye ya na ya nwere nwa nwanyị, Sophia. Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Birgitta Durell
Brechtgien "Birgitta" Durell, née von Crakow ma ọ bụ von Cracauw (1619 na Hoorn, Netherlands - 1683 na Sweden) bụ onye Swedish (nke mbụ Dutch) onye mmepụta ihe.