cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Zora Neale Hurston
1920s: The Harlem Renaissance
Mgbe ajụjụ ọnụ ndi a gasịrị, onye na-akwado agụmagụ Hurston nakwa onye na-ahụ maka ọdịmma mmadụ, Charlotte Osgood Mason, matara banyere Lewis wee malite iziga ya ego maka nkwado ya. Ndị nta akụkọ gbakwara Lewis ajụjụ ọnụ maka mbipụta ya nke mpaghara na nke mba. E mechara bipụta ihe odide Hurston nke a kpọrọ "Barracoon" na Mee 8, 2018. "Barracoon", ma ọ bụ ogige n'asụsụ Spanish, bụ ebe a tụkpụrụ ndị Africa ejidere n'ụlọ mkpọrọ nwa oge tupu ebuga ha mba ọzọ maka ịgba ohu.
Na 1929, Hurston kwagara Eau Gallie, Florida, ebe ọ nọ wee dee Mules na Men. E bipụtara ya na 1935.
Afọ 1930s
Ka ọ na-erute 1930 na afọ ndị ọzọ na-esote ya, Hurston ebipụtala ọtụtụ akụkọ mkpirisi nke gụnyere Mules na Men (1935), ọrụ dị egwu nke "akwụkwọ ọgụgụ akwụkwọ" bu nke na-edepụta akụkọ ọdịnala ndị Afrika bi na America site na ogige osisi dị na North Florida. N'afọ 1930, ya na Langston Hughes jikọrọ aka wee dee Mule Bone: A Comedy of Negro Life, egwuregwu nke ha na-emetụbeghị. Mmekọrịta ha mere ka ọbụbụenyi ha daa. Emechara mee egwuregwu a na 1991.
Hurston megharịrị ọrụ gbasara mmadụ maka nka. Ntụle akụkọ ọdịnala ya, The Great Day, gosipụtara abụ na egwu Africa bụ ezie, wee mee ihe ngosi ya nke mbu na John Golden Theatre na New York na Januari 1932. N'agbanyeghị nyocha dị mma, ọ nwere naanị otu ngosi nke ọra. Mpụta mbụ nke Broadway hapụrụ Hurston na ụgwọ ruru dọla narị isii ($600). Ọ dịghị ndị na-emepụta ihe chọrọ ịga n'ihu na-eme ihe ngosi zuru ya
N'ime 1930s, Zora Neale Hurston weputara nyocha egwu abụọ ọzọ nke a kpọrọ From Sun to Sun, nke bụ mmegharị nke Great Day, na Singing Steel. Hurston nwere nkwenye siri ike na akụkọ ifo kwesịrị ịbụ ihe nkiri.
E bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ atọ nke Hurston na 1930 nke a kpọrọ Jonah's Gourd Vine (1934); Anya Ha Na-ekiri Chineke (1937), nke e dere n'oge ọ na-arụ ọrụ na Haiti ma leba anya n'ọrụ nkà ya n'akwụkwọ a kporo Moses, Nwoke nke Ugwu (1939).
N'afọ 1937, e nyere Hurston onyinye Guggenheim Fellowship iji mee nchọpụta agbụrụ na Jamaica na Haiti. Tell my horse (1938) dekọrọ akụkọ ya banyere ọrụ ya na ọmụmụ emume ime mmụọ na omenala na Jamaica na vodoun na Haiti.
Afọ ndị 1940s na 1950s
N'afọ ndị 1940, e bipụtara ọrụ Hurston n'akwụkwọ mbiputa ndị gụnyere American Mercury na Saturday Evening Post. Akwụkwọ akụkọ ikpeazụ ya e bipụtara, nke aha ya bu Seraph na Suwanee, nke ama ama maka itinye uche ya na mkpụrụedemede dị ọcha, bu nke ebipụtara na 1948. Ọ nyochara ihe oyiyi nke ụmụ nwanyị " ihe mkpofu ọcha ". Jackson (2000) na-arụ ụka na ntụgharị uche Hurston na mkpofu, na iwu klaasị na njirimara nwoke na nwanyị n'etiti ndị ọcha dara ogbenye na-egosipụta okwu eugenics nke 1920s.
N'afọ 1952, ndị Pittsburgh Courier zigara Hurston ka ọ ga leta ikpe igbu ọchụ nke e boro Ruby McCollum, nwunye ojii bara ọgaranya, onye gburu onye ọcha na-akpa ókè agbụrụ. O nyekwara aka na Ruby McCollum: Nwanyị nọ na Jail Suwannee (1956), akwụkwọ nke onye nta akụkọ na onye na-akwado ikike obodo William Bradford Huie.
Edemede ndị ebipụtara ka ọ nwuchara
Ihe odide Hurston Every Tongue Got to Confess (2001), nke bu nchịkọta akụkọ ifo anakọtara na 1920s, ka ebipụtara ka Hurston nwuchara mgbe achọpụtachara ya na ebe nchekwa Smithsonian.
MV John Paul DeJoria
Nọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 2015, Sea Shepherd zụrụ abụọ naeche nche naka ndị United States Coast Guard, nwere ike ịgba ọsọ 30 knots ( km / h; 35 ). Ha bụ USCGC Block Island na USCGC Pea Island, a gụgharịrị ha MV Jules Verne na MY Farley Mowat naha ndị edemede a ma ama, notu notu. Ha sonyeere onye ọzọ bụbu onye naebibi agwaetiti USCG na Disemba 2017, MV Sharpie. áká_èkpè|thumb|MV John Paul DeJoria na Stock Island, FL A gbanwere aha Jules Verne ka ọ bụrụ MV John Paul DeJoria na 31 Jenụwarị 2017, naasọpụrụ onye naakwado Sea Shepherd John Paul De Joria. Nokpuru aha ọhụrụ ahụ, ọrụ mbụ nke ụgbọ mmiri ahụ bụ isonye na ọchụchọ maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri Rob Stewart na Florida Keys.
Zora Neale Hurston
Edemede ndị ebipụtara ka ọ nwuchara
N'afọ 2008, Library nke America họọrọ ụfọdụ n'ime akụkọ sitere na Ruby McCollum: Nwanyị nọ na Jail Suwannee (1956), nke Hurston nke a nyere aka na nsonye na nlegharị anya nke narị afọ abụọ gara aga banyere ide akụkọ mpụ ndị America.
MV John Paul DeJoria
John Paul DeJoria nke Abụọ
Nọnwa Disemba afọ 2022, a mara ọkwa na e nwetara ụgbọ mmiri nchebe nke Scottish Fisheries Protection Agency Vigilant ma nye ya aha ọzọ bụ John Paul DeJoria.
Zora Neale Hurston
Edemede ndị ebipụtara ka ọ nwuchara
E bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ Hurston a kpọrọ Barracoon na 2018. Barracoon bụ ụdị ụlọ mkpọrọ a tụrụ ndị ohu tupu a kpọga ha mba ofesi.
Echiche ime mmụọ
N'Isi nke iri na ise nke Dust Tracks on a Road, nke isiokwu ya bụ "Okpukpe", Hurston kwupụtasiri ekweghị ekwe na nlelị maka theism na nkwenkwe okpukpe. Ọ na-ekwu: "'Ekpere yiri m mkpu nke adịghị ike, na mgbalị iji zere, site n'aghụghọ, iwu egwuregwu dị ka e debere. Anaghị m ekwere adịghị ike. Ana m anabata ihe ịma aka nke ibu ọrụ. Ndụ, dị ka ọ dị, adịghị atụ m egwu, ebe ọ bụ na emewo m udo na eluigwe na ụwa dị ka m hụrụ ya, na-eruberekwara iwu ya isi.'"
Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-ajụ n'ụzọ doro anya nkwenkwe Baptist nke nna onye nkwusa ya, ọnọdụ ime mmụọ ya dị nnọọ mgbagwoju anya karịa ekweghị na Chineke. Ọ na-enyocha voodoo, ruo n'ókè nke ikere òkè n'ememe ndị dị otú ahụ, ọzọkwa na ihe odide mbụ ya a na-enyochabeghị maka akụkọ ndụ ya na-ekwu maka mmasị o nwere maka ndị a kọrọ akụkọ ha na Bible dị ka Eze Devid : "Ọ bụ onye na-eme dika obi Chineke si chọọ, ọ na-arụkwa ọrụ nke ọma n'inyere aka ka Chineke wee kpochapu ndi nādighi-agu n'ọlu ndi nākpasa ebe ahu.
Ozuzo n'anya ọha na eze
Ọrụ Hurston dabara na nzuzo ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ, n'ihi ma omenala na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Ojiji olumba nke Africa-American, dị ka e gosipụtara na akwụkwọ akụkọ Hurston, bịara bụrụ nke na adịghị ewu ewu. Ndị na-eto eto na-ede akwụkwọ chere na ọ bụ ihe na-eweda ala iji ụdị olumba dị otú ahụ, n'ihi akụkọ ihe mere eme nke akụkọ ifo dị n'akwụkwọ America. Ọzọkwa, Hurston emewo nhọrọ dị mma na mkparịta ụka nke ọmụmụ agụmakwụkwọ. N'ịche echiche dị ka onye na-agụ akụkọ ọdịnala, Hurston gbalịsiri ike ịnọchite anya usoro okwu nke oge ahụ, nke o dekọtara site na nnyocha.
Ntụgharị uche nke akwụkwọ akụkọ ya enweghị isiokwu, enweghị ozi, enweghị echiche. Na isi, a na-agwa ndị Negro akwụkwọ akụkọ ya, kama ọ bụ ndị na-ege ntị na-acha ọcha bụ ndị ọ maara otú e si emeju ihe ụtọ ha, ọ na-erigbu oge nke ndụ Negro nke bụ "quaint," usoro nke na-eme ka ọnụ ọchị dị nro na egbugbere ọnụ. agbụrụ "karịrị".
Ngwụrọ
thumb|Ihe osise nke onye arịrịọ na-eji mkpara Ngwụrọ bụ onye ma ọ bụ anụmanụ nwere nkwarụ anụ ahụ, ọkachasị onye na-enweghị ike ịga ije n'ihi mmerụ ahụ ma ọ bụ ọrịa. Edere okwu a n'oge mgbe afo uwa dị ka nnari itolu na iri ise AD, wee nweta ya site na okwu ndi Proto-Germanic (na okwu bekee) krupilaz(1). Okwu ndi German na ndi Dutch Krüppel na kreupel bụ cognates.
Zora Neale Hurston
Ozuzo n'anya ọha na eze
Mana kamgbe narị afọ nke iri abụọ, enweela mmụgharị na mmasị n'ọrụ Hurston. Kemgbe ahụ, ndị nkatọ etowo otú o si jiri nkà na-ekwu okwu akpaala.
Ngwụrọ
Ka ọ na-eru n'afọ ndị 1970, a bịara na-ewere okwu a dị ka ihe nkato mgbe ejiri ya kwuo ihe maka ndị nwere nkwarụ. Ngwuro bụkwa ngwaa na-agbanwe agbanwe, nke pụtara "ihe kpatara nkwarụ ma ọ bụ enweghị ike". A na-ejikwa okwu ngwurọ mee ihe dị ka nkọwa (6)
Zora Neale Hurston
Ozuzo n'anya ọha na eze
N'ime afọ 1930s na 1940s, mgbe e bipụtachara ọrụ ya, onye odee Africa-American mbụ bụ Richard Wright, onye bụbu onye Kọmunist. Wright dere n'ụzọ doro anya n'okwu gbasara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Ọchịchị Kọmunist enweghị ya, mana o jiri mgba nke ndị Africa bi na America maka nkwanye ugwu na ọganihu akụ na ụba dịka ntọala na mkpali maka ọrụ ya. Ndị ọzọ na-ede akwụkwọ Africa-American na-ewu ewu n'oge ahụ, dị ka Ralph Ellison, na-emeso otu nchegbu dị ka Wright.
Ngwụrọ
Nnwetaghachi
N'otu uzo ahụ ka òtù ndị na-ahụ maka ikike nwoke nwere mmasị na-eweghachi okwu ahụ bụ "queer", ndị òtù na-ahụ maka ikike ndị nwere nkwarụ enwetaghachila okwu ndị ahu dị ka "ngwụrọ", "ngwongwo", na nke ana akpo "gimp" na bekee iji na-ezo aka n'onwe ha.(5,7). Ụlọ ikpe ndi ngwurọ na Dortmund nke ana kpo Tribunal na  bekee na 13th Disemba 1981 biara were bụru otu n'ime ihe mkpesa bụ isi nke òtù nkwarụ ndi Germany kwụụrụ onwe ya (na-emegide enyemaka nkwarụ guzosiri ike) megideere mmegide ikike mmadụ n'ebe a na-elekọta ndị agadi na ụlọ ọgwụ ndi isingbaka, yana megidekwara adịghị ike nke ọha obodo njem. N'otu aka ahụ na Russell Tribunal sitere n'aka Amnesty International, ụlọ ikpe ndị ngwurọ akatọla mmebi ikike mmadụ nke ndị nwere nkwarụ(8).
Zora Neale Hurston
Ozuzo n'anya ọha na eze
N'agbanyeghị ihe isi ike nke bawanyere, Hurston nọgidere na nwere onwe ya na inwe nchekwube siri ike. O dere n'akwụkwọ ozi na 1957:
Ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị
Hurston bụ onye Republican bụ onye nwere ọmịiko na amụma mba ọzọ nke na-etinyeghi aka na Old Right na onye na-akwado ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị enyemaka onwe onye Booker T. Washington. O kwenyeghị na nkà ihe ọmụma (gụnyere Kọmunist na New Deal ) nke ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ọrụ ibe ya na Harlem Renaissance kwadoro, dị ka Langston Hughes, bụ onye nọ na 1930 bụ onye na-akwado Soviet Union ma too ya n'ọtụtụ abụ ya. John McWhorter akpọọla Hurston "Ndị nchekwa nchekwa ojii kacha amasị America"  ebe David T. Beito na Linda Royster Beito rụrụ ụka na ọ ga-aka mma iji mara ya dị ka onye nnwere onwe. N'agbanyeghị ọtụtụ ihe jikọrọ ya na Old Right na amụma ụlọ na nke mba ọzọ, Hurston abụghị onye nchekwa ọha. Ihe odide ya na-egosi njikọ nke feminism. N'akụkụ a, echiche ya yiri ndị edemede libertarian abụọ bụ ndị ha na ya dịkọrọ ndụ: Rose Wilder Lane na Isabel Paterson. Ọ bụ ezie na nhota nke onwe ya na-egosi ekwenyeghị n'okpukpe, Hurston ewepụghị ihe ime mmụọ dị ka egosipụtara na akwụkwọ maka akụkọ ndụ ya nke e bipụtara na 1942, a kpọrọ ya, "Dust Tracks on a Road":
"Ekpere yiri ka ọ bụ mkpu nke adịghị ike, na mgbalị iji zere, site n'aghụghọ, iwu egwuregwu dị ka e debere. Anaghị m ahọrọ ịnakwere adịghị ike. Ana m anabata ihe ịma aka nke ibu ọrụ. Ndụ, dị ka ọ dị, adịghị atụ m egwu, ebe ọ bụ na emewo m udo na eluigwe na ụwa dị ka m hụrụ ya, na-eruberekwa isi n'iwu ya. Oké osimiri na-adịghị ehi ụra mgbe nile n'ihe ndina ya, na-eti mkpu 'ogologo oge?' ruo Oge; nde akpụ akpụ ọkụ na-enweghị isi; iche echiche nke akụkụ abụọ a naanị, na-enye m nri zuru oke maka nkeji iri nke ndụ m tụrụ anya ya. Ọ dị m ka nkwenye a haziri ahazi bụ mkpokọta okwu gburugburu ọchịchọ. Ọ dị m ka enweghị m mkpa maka nke ahụ. Agbanyeghị, agaghị m, site n'okwu ma ọ bụ omume, nwaa ịnapụ onye ọzọ nkasi obi ọ na-enye. Ọ bụghị naanị m. Onye ọzọ nwere ike na-ele m anya na ndị mmụọ ozi. Isi-iyi nke ahịrị edo edo nke ụtụtụ site n'alụlụ nke miri emi nke ụtụtụ ezuworo m. Amaara m na ọ dịghị ihe na-emebi emebi; ihe na-agbanwe naanị ụdị. Mgbe nsụhọ anyị maara dị ka ndụ kwụsịrị, ama m na m ka ga-abụ akụkụ na akụkụ nke ụwa. M bụ akụkụ tupu anyanwụ akpọrepu n'ime udi na-agbawa pụta na ebube mgbanwe. Abụ m mgbe e si n’ọnụ ọkụ ya chụpụ ụwa. M ga-eji ụwa laghachi na Nna Sun ma ka dị adị mgbe anyanwụ tufuru ọkụ ya wee gbarie n'ime enweghi ngwụcha ka ọ bụrụ akụkụ nke mkpọmkpọ ebe nke mbara igwe. Gịnị mere ụjọ ji? Ihe dị n'ime m bụ okwu, na-agbanwe agbanwe, na-emegharị mgbe niile, ma ọ dịghị efu; ya mere kedu ihe mkpa nke ụka na nkwenye ịgọnarị onwe m nkasi obi nke mmadụ ibe m nile? Akara sara mbara nke eluigwe na ala anaghị achọ mgbaaka mkpịsị aka. Abụ m otu onye nwere enweghị ngwụcha, ọ nweghịkwa mmesi obi ike ọzọ"
Na 1952, Hurston kwadoro mkpọsa onyeisi oche nke Senator Robert A. Taft. Dịka Taft, Hurston megidere amụma New Deal nke Franklin D. Roosevelt. Ọ kekọrịtakwara mmegide ya megide amụma mba ofesi itinye aka na Roosevelt na Truman. N'ime akwụkwọ mbụ o dere maka akụkọ ndụ ya, Dust Tracks on a Road, Hurston jiri ọchịchị United States tụnyere "ngere" na ngwongwo zuru ezu na Mafia - dị ka raket nchebe. Ọ na-akparị ndị na-achọ "nnwere onwe" maka ndị si mba ọzọ mana ọ gọnarị ya ndị mmadụ nọ na obodo ha: Roosevelt "nwere ike ịkpọ aha n'ofe oke osimiri" maka nnwere onwe anọ ya, mana o nweghị "obi ike ikwu okwu ọbụna nwayọọ na ụlọ." Mgbe Truman tụbara bọmbụ atọm na Japan ọ kpọrọ ya "onye na-egbu anụ nke Asia".
Hurston guzogidere mkpebi nke ulọikpe Kasị Elu n'ikpe Brown v. Board of Education ikpe nke 1954. O chere na ọ bụrụ na ụlọ akwụkwọ dị iche iche hà n'ezie (ma o kwenyere na ha na-aghọ ngwa ngwa), ịkụziri ụmụ akwụkwọ ndị isi ojii na nso ụmụ akwụkwọ ọcha agaghị eme ka agụmakwụkwọ ka mma. Ọzọkwa, ọ na-echegbu onwe ya maka mbibi nke ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị isi ojii na ndị nkuzi isi ojii dị ka ụzọ isi nyefee ọdịnala ọdịnala nye ọgbọ ndị Africa America n'ọdịnihu. O kwuputara mmegide nke a n'akwụkwọ ozi, "Court Order Can't Make Races Mix", nke e bipụtara na Orlando Sentinel na August 1955. Hurston agbanwebeghị mmegide ya ogologo oge n'ihi nkewa. Kama, ọ tụrụ egwu na mkpebi ụlọikpe ahụ nwere ike bụrụ ihe atụ maka gọọmentị etiti imebi nnwere onwe onye ọ bụla n'ọtụtụ okwu n'ọdịnihu. Hurston megidekwara ọgwụgwọ mmasị maka ndị Africa-America, Ọ na-ekwu si:
"'Ọ bụrụ na m na-ekwu na usoro dum ga-ewe iwe ka m nwee mmeri, ana m ekwu na enweghị m ike ịnọdụ ala na egwuregwu ahụ nakwa na ekwesịrị ịme iwu dị nchebe iji nye m ohere. M jụrụ nke ahụ. Ọ bụrụ na ndị ọzọ nọ n'ebe ahụ, nyefee m aka ka m hụ ihe m nwere ike ime, n'agbanyeghị na m maara na ụfọdụ n'ime ha na-emekọ ihe site na ala na ịghọ aghụghọ ule dị ka ọkụ n'ụzọ ndị ọzọ'."
Echiche maka ibiakọta ọnụ
Darwin Turner, onye prọfesọ bekee, na ọkachamara n'ime akwụkwọ African-American kwujoro Hurston n'afọ 1971 maka imegide njikọta nakwa maka mmemme mmegide iji nye ndị ojii ikike ịrụ ọrụ. N'agbanyeghị na a katọrọ ya, Hurston pụtara na ọ na-emegide mwekota dabere na mpako na echiche nke nnwere onwe. Ọ kweghị "ehulata ala ihu onye ọcha", ma kwuo na "ụlọ akwụkwọ Negro zuru oke" adịkarị kamgbe n'afọ 1955. A kọwara Hurston dị ka “onye na-agba mbọ inye ụmụ nwanyị isi ojii ike” n'ihi ọtụtụ ihe ọ rụzuru n'otu n'otu yana nkwenye siri ike ya na ụmụ nwanyị ojii nwere ike ịbụ "onwe ha". Otú ọ dị, nkatọ a na-akatọkarị banyere ọrụ ya bụ na enweghị isi nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị agbụrụ ya na ederede ya, karịsịa banyere ụmụ nwanyị ojii, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ "onye bụ isi maka ikpere arụsị ndị ọcha."
Nnyocha na Nnọchiteanya
Ndị ode akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ dị iche iche katọkwara Hurston maka ihe ngosi ya na-akpali akpali nke voodoo. Na magazin Crisis na 1943, Harold Preece katọrọ Hurston n'ihi ọbịbịa ya nke "Negro primitivism" iji kwalite ọrụ edemede ya. Akwụkwọ akụkọ nke Negro History mere mkpesa na ọrụ ya na voodoo bụ ebubo nke amaghị ama na nkwenkwe ụgha nke ndị Africa na America.
Jeffrey Anderson kwuru na ụzọ nyocha Hurston bụ ihe a na-enyo enyo nakwa na ihe ọ na-ekwu maka ọrụ ya bu voodoo abuchaghi ihe mere eme. Ọ hụrụ na ọ kwetara ịmepụta mkparịta ụka maka akwụkwọ ya Mules na Men n'akwụkwọ ozi o degaara Ruth Benedict ma kọwaa ịkọ akụkọ Mules na Men akụkọ nke ndị dọkịta voodoo na-asọ mpi mgbe ọ bụ nwata na akụkọ ndụ ya mesịrị. Anderson kwenyere na ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị ọzọ Hurston kwuru na akwụkwọ voodoo ya bu ihe a na-enyo enyo.
Ọtụtụ ndị na-ede akwụkwọ ekwuola na Hurston tinyere aka na ideghari ọrụ ndị ọzọ degoro nakwa na ọtụtụ ihe ndi o dere na akwụkwọ akụkọ ya a kpọrọ "Akụkọ Cudjo banyere onye ohu Afrịka ikpeazụ" bụ ihe mmadụ ndị ọzọ degoro maka ya, nakwa na ọ na-edekwa ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ndị ọzọ n'ọrụ ya na voodoo.
Bangkok Rules
Iwu Bangkok, ma ọ bụ na mbụ, "Iwu Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu maka ọgwụgwọ nke ụmụ nwanyị ndị mkpọrọ na ihe ndị na-abụghị nke ndị inyom na-emebi iwu," bụ usoro iwu iri asaa lekwasịrị anya n'otúkwaso nke ụmụ nwanyị ná ada iwu na ndị mkpọrọ nkè nakweere site na United Nations General Assembly na 22 Disemba 2010. Iwu Bangkok, ma ọ bụ "Iwu iri asaa" dị ka a maara ya ugboro ugboro, bụ usoro iwu mbụ dabara na ọgwụgwọ nke ụmụ nwanyị ndị mkpọrọ. Ọ na-agbakwunye ụkpụrụ mba ụwa dị ugbu a banyere ọgwụgwọ nke ndị mkpọrọ, ọkachasị Ụkpụrụ Ụkpụrụ kacha nta maka ọgwụgwọ nke ndị mkpọrọ, nke metụtara ndị mkpọrọ niile n'agbanyeghị okike ónyé ahụ.
Okwu Mmalite
Na 2009, gọọmentị nkè Thailand, nke Princess Bajrakitiyabha, onye na-akwado mgbanwe ụlọ mkpọrọ ụmụ nwanyị, kpaliri, nyefere mkpebi na Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice, otu enyemaka nke UN Economic and Social Council, nke kọwara n'ụzọ zuru ezu màkà nsogbu nke ụmụ nwanyị a tụrụ mkpọrọ na usoro e wuru maka ụmụ nwoke. Mkpebi ahụ malitere usoro nzukọ nke mechara na 2010 na UN General Assembly nakweere usoro iwu mbụ nke òtù ahụ lekwasịrị anya na ụmụ nwanyị ndị mkpọrọ: Usoro maka njikwa ọgwụgwọ nke ụmụ nwanyị ndị mkpọrọ na ihe ndị na-abụghị nke ndị mkpọrọ maka ụmụ nwanyị na-emebi iwu, ma ọ bụ Iwu Bangkok.
Ọnụ ọgụgụ ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ na-arịwanye elu
Amara atụmatụ na ọ bụ pasent abụọ ná pasent iri nke ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị mkpọrọ mba obodo, ụmụ nwanyị bụ ndị mkpọrọ ọgụgụ ọnụ há na-eto ngwa ngwa. Na US, dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ ụmụ nwanyị a tụrụ mkpọrọ amụbaala ihe dịka okpukpu abụọ karịa ụmụ nwoke, na-amụba ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ asaa n'ime afọ iri atọ gara aga. Data ndị China adịghị ugbu a, mana, n'etiti 1997 na 2002, ọnụ ọgụgụ ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ China mụbara na nkezi ọnụego kwa afọ nke pasent 13.
Ndị e metọrọ n'ụlọ na ihe ndị ọzọ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ
Ụmụ nwanyị ndị omekome yikarịrị ka ha bụ ndị e metọrọ n'ụlọ ma ọ bụ n'ụzọ mmekọahụ. N'ime usoro ikpe ziri ezi, ha nọ n'ihe ize ndụ nke mmegbu ọzọ, ime ihe ike na mmechuihu - site n'aka ndị uwe ojii, ndị ọrụ ụlọ mkpọrọ na ndị mkpọrọ ibe ha. Nye ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị, njide pụtara mmeso ọjọọ, iyi egwu nke ndina n'ike, imetụ aka, "ule nwa agbọghọ na-amaghị nwoke", ịbụ onye gba ọtọ, nyocha ahụ, mkparị na mmechuihu nke mmekọahụ ma ọ bụ ọbụna ndina n'ike. Enwekwara ikpe nke ndị inyom a tụrụ mkpọrọ n'ọnọdụ nke inye mmekọahụ maka ihu ọma ma ọ bụ mmasị. E g
E gosipụtara na ihe ndị ọzọ na-abụghị mkpọrọ - dịka ọrụ obodo - dị irè karị n'ibelata mmeghachi omume na ịkwalite mmegharị na-adịgide adịgide. Otú ọ dị, n'ọtụtụ mba, ụzọ ndị ọzọ na-abụghị ụlọ mkpọrọ anaghị echebara ihe ndị inyom na-emebi iwu chọrọ. A na-elegharakarị ọrụ nlekọta ha na akụkọ ihe mere eme ha gara aga nke ime ihe ike n'ụlọ anya, yana ọdịiche dị n'etiti nwoke na nwanyị na ịdabere na ọgwụ ọjọọ na ya mere ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ ọjọọ.
Leekwa
Ahụike ụlọ mkpọrọ
Ịkwụsị oge n'ụlọ mkpọrọ
Mkpọrọ nke ụmụ nwanyị
Arnold Zweig
Arnold Zweig (10 Nọvemba 1887 -26 Nọvember 1968) bụ onye edemede German, onye na-ahụ maka udo na onye na-akwado ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya. A maara ya nke ọma maka usoro isii ya na Agha Ụwa Mbụ.
Ndụ na ọrụ
A mụrụ Zweig na Glogau, Prussian Silesia (Głogów ugbu a, Poland), nwa nwoke nke onye Juu na-agba ịnyịnya. (Ọ bụghị onye ikwu Stefan Zweig.) Mgbe ọ gachara ụlọ akwụkwọ mmega ahụ na Kattowitz (Katowice), ọ mụrụ ihe ọmụmụ dị ukwuu na akụkọ ihe mere eme, nkà ihe ọmụma na akwụkwọ na ọtụtụ mahadum dị na mahadum dị iche iche. Nkà ihe ọmụma Friedrich Nietzsche nwere mmetụta karịsịa n'ebe ọ nọ. Akwụkwọ edemede mbụ ya, Novellen um Claudia (1913) na Ritualmord in Ungarn, mere ka ọ bụrụ onye a ma ama.
Zweig wepụtara onwe ya maka ndị agha Germany na Agha Ụwa Mbụ ma hụ ọrụ dịka onye nkịtị na France, Hungary na Serbia. Ọ nọ na Western Front n'oge Judenzählung (ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị Juu) na-achịkwa ndị agha Germany. N'ịbụ onye ahụmahụ ahụ wụrụ akpata oyi n'ahụ, o degaara Martin Buber akwụkwọ ozi ya nke dị na 15 Febụwarị 1917, sị: "Judenzählung bụ ngosipụta nke mwute a na-anụtụbeghị maka mmehie Germany na ihe mgbu anyị. ... Ọ bụrụ na enweghị mmegide ndị Juu n'ime ndị agha, oku a na-apụghị ịnagide ga-abụ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ dị mfe. " Ọ malitere ịtụgharị echiche ya banyere agha ahụ wee hụ agha ahụ dịka nke na-eme ka ndị Juu megide ndị Juu. O mechara kọwaa ahụmahụ ya na akụkọ mkpirikpi Judenzählung vor Verdun. Agha ahụ gbanwere Zweig site na onye Prussian hụrụ mba n'anya gaa na onye na-eme udo.
Mzi Khumalo
Mzi Godfrey Khumalo (amụrụ na 4 Nọvemba 1955) bụ onye ọchụnta ego South Africa na onye ọchụnta ego.
Mmalite ndụ
N'ịbụ onye nne naanị ya zụlitere, Khumalo tolitere na KwaMashu' Durban. Otu n'ime ụmụnne iri, nna ya nwụrụ tupu ọ dị afọ itoolu. Mgbe ọ bụ nwata nwoke, Khumalo nwetara ego n'ịzụta ma na-ere ite mmanụ ochie ma, mgbe e mesịrị, nweta ego site n'ịzụta na ire mmanụ ụgbọala.
N'afọ ndị 1970 Khumalo sonyeere African National Congress, na-eje ozi na ngalaba ndị agha ya. N'afọ 1978, e jidere ya ma bo ya ebubo ịgba ọchịchị mgba okpuru, ma maa ya ikpe ịga mkpọrọ afọ iri abụọ na Robben Island. O jere ozi n'akụkụ ndị dị ka Nelson Mandela maka ọrụ mgbochi ịkpa ókè agbụrụ tupu a tọhapụ ya na 1990. Ọ bụ onye mkpọrọ nke iri abụọ na asaa batara Robben Island n'afọ 1979, e nyekwara ya nọmba onye mkpọrọ 2779.
Khumalo nwere nzere bachelọ nke azụmahịa na Mahadum nke South Africa.
Azụmahịa
Khumalo hiwere ụlọ ọrụ ego Capital Alliance Holdings, nke e mechara ree ya na ijeri $ 8 nke akụ n'okpuru njikwa.
Ọ bụ onye isi oche nke Gold na General, nke nwere ọtụtụ òkè na Metallon Corporation yana ego ezinụlọ ndị ọzọ. N'akụkụ Ngwuputa, o nwere mmasị na ụlọ ọrụ nkwukọrịta.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Okey Ndibe
Okechukwu Ndibe, nke a maara nke ọma dịka Okey Ndibe, (a mụrụ n'afọ 1960) bụ onye na-ede akwụkwọ, onye na-ede akwụkwọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na onye edemede nke agbụrụ Igbo. A mụrụ Ndibe na Yola, Nigeria. Ọ bụ onye edemede nke Arrows of Rain na Foreign Gods, Inc., akwụkwọ akụkọ abụọ a ma ama nke e bipụtara n'afọ 2000 nakwa afọ 2014 n'otu n'otu.
Ọrụ
Ndibe rụrụ ọrụ na Naịjirịa dịka onye nta akụkọ na onye nchịkọta akụkọ magazin, wee bịa Amerịka n'afọ 1988 site na òkù nke onye edemede ama ama na Naịjirịa bụ Chinua Achebe. Na United States, Ndibe nyere aka chọta African Commentary, magazin a kọwara dịka "onye mmeri na onye a ma ama n'ọtụtụ ebe". Ndibe nwere MFA na edemede na PhD na akwụkwọ site na Mahadum Massachusetts Amherst. Ọ gara n'ihu na-ede maka magazin na akwụkwọ na United States, nweta mmeri ihe nrite 2001 Association of Opinion Page Editors maka edemede echiche kachasị mma na akwụkwọ akụkọ America maka edemede ya Eyes to the Ground: The Perils of the Black Student.
Ndibe rụrụ ọrụ dịka Ọkankụzi na ọtụtụ kọleji, gụnyere Connecticut College, Bard College na Simon's Rock, Trinity College na Hartford, Connecticut, nakwa Mahadum Brown. Ọ bụ ugbu a Shearing Fellow na Black Mountain Institute na Mahadum Nevada, Las Vegas.
Ndibe bụ onye edemede nke obere akụkọ ifo, akwụkwọ akụkọ, uri na nkọwa ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Ọ bụ onye na-ede akwụkwọ mgbe niile maka NEXT, akwụkwọ akụkọ Naịjirịa. Ọ na-enyekwa aka na ọtụtụ akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ, gụnyere The Hartford Courant, The Fabian Society Journal, Black Issues Book Review, BBC Online. O nyewo uri na An Anthology of New West African Poets. E bipụtara akwụkwọ mbụ ya, nke akpọrọ Arrows of Rain, n'afọ 2000. Akwụkwọ akụkọ ya nke abụọ, Foreign Gods, Incorporated, bụ nke Soho Press bipụtara n'afọ 2014; a kpọrọ ya otu n'ime akwụkwọ kachasị mma nke afọ site na mbipụta ndị dịka The New York Times, Inquirer, Cleveland Plain Dealer, na Mosaic, yana itinye ya na ndepụta National Public Radio nke akwụkwọ kacha mma nke afọ 2014.
Mbipụta na nnabata
Onye nrite Nobel bụ Wole Soyinka toro akụkọ ifo ya ("... obere oge kemgbe m ghọtara nkwa okike na ọkwa a"), John Edgar Wideman ("akụkọ ifo mbụ"), Ngugi wa Thiong'o ("Moliere-like"), Janet Maslin nke New York Times ("razor-sharp"), Los Angeles Times ("Ndibe yiri ka ọ nwere ntị na-enweghị atụ maka ntụgharị okwu nke okwu nke ndị na-arụ ọrụ n'ime ime obodo Nigeria"), na magazin Paste ("dị nnọọ ka ọ bụrụ nke zuru oke"), n'etiti ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. Janet Maslin, Philadelphia Inquirer, National Public Radio, Mosaic magazine, Cleveland Plain Dealer, n'etiti ndị ọzọ, kpọrọ Foreign Gods, Inc. otu n'ime akwụkwọ iri kachasị mma ma ọ bụ nke kachasị dị ịrịba ama nke afọ 2014. The Houston, Texas dabeere USAfricaonline.com kpọrọ Ndibe ya "African Writer nke afọ 2014".
Ndibe bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ (ya na onye edemede Zimbabwe bụ Chenjerai Hove) nke nchịkọta edemede akpọrọ Writers, Writing on Conflicts and Wars in Africa (Adonis Abbey, 2009). Ndibe kwagara United States n'afọ 1988 iji jee ozi dịka onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke African Commentary, magazin a kọwara dịka "onye mmeri na onye a ma ama." Edemede ya "My Biafran Eyes", banyere ahụmịhe agha ya mgbe ọ bụ nwata, bipụtara na Best of the Web 2008 (Dzanc Books). E bipụtara uri ya na New West African Poets, nke onye edemede Gambia bụ Tijan Sallah dere. Ndibe akụziela na Mahadum Brown dị na Providence, Rhode Island, Trinity College dị na mba Hartford, Connecticut, Simon's Rock of Bard College dị na obodo Great Barrington, MA, Connecticut College, New London, CT, na Mahadum Lagos (dịka ọkà mmụta Fulbright). Ọ na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a na akwụkwọ akụkọ akpọrọ Return Flights yana ihe ncheta, Going Dutch na ndị ọzọ American Mis / Adventures.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ Òtù:1960 births
Ceridwen Dovey
Ceridwen Dovey (amụrụ na afo 1980) bụ onye South Afrika na Ọstrelia ọkà mmụta gbasara mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na onye edemede. N'afọ 2009, akpọrọ ya onye 5 n'okpuru 35 họpụtara site na National Book Foundation na afo 2020 meriri Bragg UNSW Press Prize for Science Writing.
Afọ mbụ na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Dovey na Pietermaritzburg, South Afrika, ma tolite n'etiti South Afrika na Ostrelia. Nne na nna ya nwetara aha ya site n'otu n'ime ndị na-akpa ike na akwụkwọ akụkọ Richard Llewellyn nke afo 1939 setịpụrụ na Wales, How Green bụ Ndagwurugwu M. Dovey gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na Ostrelia na North Sydney Girls High School, tupu ọ gaa United States na 1999 ka ọ gụọ akwụkwọ na Harvard University dị ka onye na-agụghị akwụkwọ ebe ọ gụchara akara ugo mmụta nkwonkwo na Anthropology na Visual & Environmental Studies na afo 2003. N'oge ya na Harvard, Dovey mere akwụkwọ akụkọ nke gosipụtara mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ndị ọrụ ugbo na ndị ọrụ ime obodo na South Africa mgbe apartheid gasịrị. O mere akwụkwọ akụkọ gbasara mmekọrịta ndị ọrụ ugbo mmanya na Western Cape nke South Afrika, Aftertaste, dịka akụkụ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ nsọpụrụ ya.
Ọrụ
Na afo 2004 Dovey rụrụ ọrụ obere oge maka mmemme telivishọn UGBUA ya na Bill Moyers na Channel Thirteen na New York City tupu ọ kwaga South Afrika iji mụọ ihe okike na Mahadum Cape Town. O dere akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ ya Blood Kin dị ka akwụkwọ akụkọ ya maka MA na ide ihe okike n'okpuru nlekọta nke onye na-ede uri Stephen Watson, wee mee akwụkwọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Social Anthropology na New York University. Ọ laghachiri na Sydney, Australia na afo 2010. Site na afo 2010 ruo afo 2015 ọ rụrụ ọrụ maka Institute for Sustainable Futures na Mahadum Teknụzụ Sydney. Ọ na-ede akụkọ na-abụghị akụkọ ifo maka mbipụta dị iche iche, gụnyere newyorker.com na The Monthly.
Na-arụ ọrụ
Akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ Dovey, Blood Kin bụ nke Atlantic Books (UK), Penguin (South Africa) na Penguin (Australia) bipụtara na July afo 2007, na Viking na North America na March afo 2008. E bipụtara ya na mba iri na ise, gụnyere Germany, France, Italy, Netherlands, na Sweden. Edepụtara ya na afo 2007 maka ihe nrite Dylan Thomas na ihe nrite John Llewellyn Rhys nke UK maka ndị na-ede akwụkwọ Britain/Commonwealth n'okpuru afọ 35 wee depụta ya na afo 2008 maka Nrite Commonwealth Writers' for Best Book (Africa). Ọ na-akọ akụkọ banyere ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị ndị agha na-emeghị eme site n'echiche nke onye ndu a kwaturu ihe osise, isi nri na isi isi. Akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ kpachaara anya nwee mgbagwoju anya na ntọala ya.
Akwụkwọ nke abụọ Dovey, Only the Animals bụ nchịkọta akụkọ mkpirisi iri banyere mkpụrụ obi nke anụmanụ iri ndị e jidere na esemokwu mmadụ na narị afọ gara aga. Ọ meriri mmalite afo 2014 Readings New Australian Writing Award na Nhọrọ Ndị Mmadụ maka Fiction Award (njikọ na Joan London's The Golden Age ) na NSW Premier's Literary Awards, yana Queensland Literary Awards Steele Rudd Award maka nchịkọta akụkọ dị mkpirikpi.
Akwụkwọ akụkọ Dovey nke atọ, N'ime Ogige Ndị Gbapụ, ka ebipụtara na mbido 2018.
Life After Truth bụ akwụkwọ akụkọ nke anọ nke Dovey wee bipụta ya na Nọvemba 2020.
Ndụ onwe onye
O bi na Sydney, Australia, ya na di ya, Blake Munting, na ụmụ ya abụọ. Nne na nna ya bi na Sydney na nwanne ya nwanyị, Lindiwe Dovey, bụ nnukwu onye nkuzi na African Screen Media na SOAS na London.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Ndi Arọ
Ndi Aro ma obu ndi Aros bu mpaghara ndi Igbo nke sitere na alaeze Arochukwu di na steeti Abia nke ugbu a, Naijiria. Enwekwara ike ịchọta Aros n'ihe dịka ógbè 250 ndị ọzọ kachasị na mpaghara ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Nigeria na n'akụkụ ya. Edebere ndi Aros taa dika ndi igbo ma obu ndi Cross River n’ihi ebe ha si, omenaala ha, na olu ha di iche iche. Chi ha bụ Chukwu Abiama bụ isi sekpụ ntị na mbido Aro Confederacy dịka ndi nwere ikikere na mpaghara Niger Delta na Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Naịjirịa n'ime narị afọ 18 na 19.
Mmalite na akụkọ ihe mere eme
Akụkọ banyere ndi arọ gbagidere ụkwụ na mbugharị ndi Igbo na ntọala nke alaeze Arochukwu. Tupu ndị Igbo amalite ibata na mpaghara Aro na narị afọ nke iri na asaa, ndi Ibibio si na Benue na ebe plateau ma tọ-ntọala wee hiwe steeti dịka Obong Okon Ita na Ibom ọdịda anyanwụ nke Cross River. Mbugharị ndị Igbo nke Eze Agwu na Nnachi duuru wee banye na mpaghara Aro malitere n’etiti narị afọ nke iri na asaa. Ndị Igbo a na-akwaga mba ọzọ jikọtara ha na ndị nwe obodo Ibibio. Agha Aro-Ibibio na mbugharị nke Akpa si ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Cross River, guzobere mba ahụ n'oge ntụgharị nke narị afọ 17 na nke 18. Mmekọrịta ndị Igbo na nke Akpa, meriri ma chikọta ndị Ibibio mbụ ka ha lụchara agha ogologo afọ. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, mmanụ nkwụ na ahia ohu ewuru ewu na mba ọzọ. Ka ọ na-erule n’etiti narị afọ nke iri na asatọ, e nwere ọtụtụ mbugharị nke ndị ọchụnta ego Aro rutere n’etiti ala Igbo na mpaghara ndị debere ya. Mbugharị a, mmetụta chi ha bụ Chukwu Abiama site n'aka ndị ụkọchukwu, na ike ndị agha ha site na njikọ aka na ọtụtụ agbata obi Igbo na ọwụwa anyanwụ Cross River (ọkachasị Ohafia, Abam, Abiriba, Nkporo, Afikpo, Ekoi, wdg) mebere ngwa ngwa. Aro Confederacy dị ka ikike akụ na ụba mpaghara. Agbanyeghị, ọda mba nke ndị Europe, ọkachasị ndị Britain na- achị Britain na- atụ egwu ikike akụ na ụba Aro na njedebe nke narị afọ nke 19. Esemokwu mechara duga ọgbụgba ọbara, na agha Anglo-Aro mere site na 1901 ruo 1902. Ndi Aro Confederacy jisiri obi ike ma mesịa merie ha. Nke a nyeere ndị Briten aka weghaara ndị ọzọ nke ghọrọ East Nigeria.
Omenala
Ndị Arọ nwere ọdịnala bara ụba. Otu ihe bụ ọha mmadụ bụ Ekpe bụ obodo dị nsọ nke sitere na ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Cross River. Ndi otu okpukperechi na ndi ikpe na-ekpe kariri ndi Aro. Ojiji e ji ede edemede, Nsibidi gbadoro ụkwụ na ndị otu nzuzo dị ka Ekpe. Uli, usoro ederede ọzọ, mere nke ọma n'ụdị ahụ.
Ihe ọzọkwa bụ ụlọ nsọ Chukwu Abiama, bụ nke ndị ụkọchukwu Aro malitere. Ha metere ndị agbata obi na ndị ha na ha jikọrọ aka tupu mwakpo Britain na mbibi nke ụlọ nsọ Chukwu Abiama na ụkọchukwu nke Aro. Omume masiri nke Ekeleke dị mkpa n’obodo Aro. Site na Aros na odida anyanwu Niger Delta, mechara gbasaa na mpaghara Oguta. A makwaara ha maka iyi akwa "George" a ma ama. Egwuru egwu ndi agha Ikperikpe ama ama nke oma n’etiti ndi agha n’oge gboo ma ka na-aga n’ihu.
Obodo kachasị n'Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Naijeria
Aro Abba, Nwangele, Imo steeti . Aro Ekwulobia
Kim Syster
Kim Syster, bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri na South Africa, onye na-agba egwu na onye nlereanya.
Ọrụ
N'afọ 2014, ọ pụtara n'ihe nkiri SABC1 When We Were Black dịka "Rachael". Mgbe ahụ na 2015, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka "Nikki" na oge nke anọ nke SABC2 parliamentary drama serial 90 Plein Street. Mgbe iwu ewu ahụ gasịrị, ọ sonyeere ihe nkiri kykNET Suidooster ma rụọ ọrụ dịka "Shahieda Williams". O mechara weghachite ọrụ ahụ na oge nke atọ. Ka ọ dịgodị, ọ pụtara na ihe nkiri egwu nke kykNET Sterlopers na ọrụ "Kim McKenzie" na 2016. N'otu afọ ahụ, ọ sonyeere usoro abụọ ọzọ: dị ka "Angel" na miniseries Universal TV Cape Town, na mgbe ahụ dị ka "Nicolene 'Nikki' September" na kykNET miniseries Fluiters.
Ewezuga ime ihe nkiri, ọ bụkwa onye na-agba egwú na-arụ ọrụ maka otu egwuregwu rugby nke Cape Town "The Stormers". Ka ọ dịgodị, ọ rụkwara ọrụ na ihe nkiri ndị dị ka; The Gamechangers, Sonskyn Beperk na Nul is nie Ник. N'afọ 2018, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na ihe nkiri egwu akụkọ sayensị Hollywood Deep Blue Sea 2 nke Darin Scott duziri.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Ken Ofori-Atta
thumb|Ken Ofori-Atta 2019.jpg Kenneth Nana Yaw Ofori-Atta (amụrụ na 7 Nọvemba 1958), bụ onye na-etinye ego na ụlọ akụ Ghana nke na-eje ozi dị ka Minista na-ahụ maka ego na atụmatụ akụ na ụba na ụlọ ọrụ Nana Akufo-Addo. Ọ bụ onye guzobere Databank Group, ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ọrụ ego na Ghana, ma jee ozi dị ka onye isi oche ruo n'afọ 2012 mgbe ọ gbara arụkwaghịm. Onye isi ala Nana Akufo-Addo họpụtara ya na 10 Jenụwarị 2017 wee malite ọrụ na 27 Jenụwarụ 2017 dị ka minista ego.
Ndụ Mbido na Agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Ofori-Atta na 7 Nọvemba 1958 na Kibi, obodo dị na mpaghara ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Ghana. Ọ bụ onye otu ezinụlọ Ofori-Atta. Ọ bụ nwa nwoke nke onye na-ahụ maka akụ na ụba na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị bụ Jones Ofori Atta. Ofori-Atta gara Achimota School maka asambodo O-Level na A-Level ya natara na 1976 na 1978 n'otu n'otu. Ọ nwetara ọrụ nwa oge dị ka onye nkuzi mgbakọ na mwepụ na Accra Academy n'oge mgbe ọ gachara A-level na Achimota. N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 1980, Ofori-Atta debara aha ya na Mahadum Columbia maka nzere B.A. na Economics. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Columbia na 1984 wee rụọ ọrụ na Morgan Stanley na New York. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ ma nweta MBA site na Yale University School of Management na 1988 wee gaa rụọ ọrụ maka ụlọ akụ itinye ego, Salomon Brothers.
Alụmdi na Nwunye na Ụmụ
Ọ lụrụ Prọfesọ Angela Lamensdorf Ofori-Atta, onye osote prọfesọ na Clinical Psychology na Mahadum nke Ghana Medical School na onye bụbu osote minista maka mmepe na ọrụ site na 2003-2005 n'okpuru ọchịchị Kufour. Ofori -Atta na nwunye ya nwere ụmụ anọ.
COVID-19, Ahụike na Asịrị Ọnwụ
E nwere asịrị na Ofori-Atta anwụọla na COVID-19 mgbe ọ nwesịrị ọrịa mgbe ọ gara United States na 15th February 2021 maka nyocha ahụike. Ministri na-ahụ maka ego na nkwupụta wepụrụ asịrị banyere ọnwụ ya mana ọ na-enweta ọgwụgwọ n'èzí Ghana n'ihi nsogbu ahụike mgbe ọ butere COVID-19 na Disemba 2020.
Ọrụ Ego
Ofori-Atta na Keli Gadzekpo na Togbe Afede XIV guzobere Databank Financial Services na 1990; ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi oche ya ruo 14 Febụwarị 2012 mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká. O nwere mmasị azụmaahịa ndị ọzọ na Insurance, Retail Banking, Private Equity, Microfinance, Pharmaceuticals, na Real Estate.
N'afọ 1996, Ofori-Atta bụ onye Afrịka mbụ gbara akaebe na US Congress Ways and Means Committee iji kwado African Growth and Opportunity Act.
Ofori-Atta jere ozi dị ka onye nduzi maka ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ yana dịka onye otu ụfọdụ ndị ọzọ. Ọ bụ onye nduzi maka Enterprise Group Ltd na Trust Bank Ltd nke Gambia nke ọ bụ onyeisi oche ya. Ọ bụkwa onye nduzi na International Bank ma bụrụkwa onye otu Acumen Fund.
Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị
Ofori-Atta bụ onye isi ala Nana Akufo-Addo họpụtara iji nyochaa ahụike nke akụ na ụba n'oge mgbanwe mgbe ntuli aka 2016 gasịrị.
Na Mee 2017, Akufo-Addo họpụtara Ken Ofori-Atta dị ka otu n'ime ndị minista iri na itoolu ga-eme ka ụlọ ọrụ ya. E zigara aha ndị minista iri na itoolu ahụ na Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu nke Ghana ma onye isi oche nke ụlọ ahụ, Rt. Hon. Prọfesọ Mike Ocquaye Dị ka onye minista, Ken Ofori-Atta bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke onye isi ala Ghana, Nana Akufo-Addo, ọ ga-enyekwa aka na mkpebi dị mkpa na mba ahụ.
A họpụtara Ofori-Atta ka ọ bụrụ onye isi oche nke Kọmitii Mmepe nke World Bank / IMF na 2018 Spring Meetings ma bụrụkwa onye isi oche Board nke African Capacity Building Foundation (ACBF). Na mgbakwunye, ọ bụ onye isi oche nke African Caucus na World Bank.
Nkwupụta nke Censure nke Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu
Na Tuesday, 25th October 2022, ndị omeiwu 80 n'ime ndị omeiwu 137 New Patriotic Party (NPP) mere ka onye isi ala chụpụ Ofori-Atta dị ka Minista na-ahụ maka ego na-ekwu na ya enweghị ike ijikwa akụ na ụba Ghana nke ọma. Onye isi ala Akufo-Addo chụpụrụ onye nnọchi anya Ofori-Atta maka ebubo nrụrụ aka ma ka nọgide na-ekwu na, enweghị ihe ndabere maka ịchụ ya.
N'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2022, a malitere ịkatọ Ken n'ọchịchị n'ihi ọdịda akụ na ụba Ghana, na-eduga na ego mba ahụ ka a họpụta ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị kasị njọ n'ụwa. Atụmatụ ahụ dara n'ihi na ọ nweghị ike inweta ụzọ abụọ n'ụzọ atọ iji gafee mana ọ nwetara naanị vootu 136 n'ime vootu 275.
Nkwado IMF
Na Mee 2021, Ofori-Atta na nzukọ ndị nta akụkọ gosipụtara na Ghana agaghị achọ enyemaka nke International Monetary Fund (IMF) iji jikwaa ọnọdụ ụgwọ na-arịwanye elu. Nke a dị n'azụ atụmatụ siri ike nke Gọọmentị Ghana nke 'Ghana Beyond Aid' nke Onye isi ala Akufo-Addo kpughere na 2018. Otú ọ dị, nkwupụta mgbasa ozi nke Ngalaba Na-ahụ Maka Ego wepụtara gosipụtara na Gọọmentị Ghana na IMF na-enyere aka n'ịchịkwa ụgwọ ya na ọkwa na-adịgide adịgide mgbe Onye isi ala Akufo-Addo nyere Minista Na-ahụ maka Ego na July 2022 ka ọ tinye aka na International Monetary Fund maka mmemme akụ na ụba nke iri na asatọ.
N'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2022, IMF ruru nkwekọrịta ndị ọrụ na ego mgbapụta ụgwọ nke Ghana nke $ 3bn na nkwado ụlọ ọrụ na mbido afọ 2023 dịka Minista Ego, Ken Ofori-Atta gosipụtara na nzukọ ndị nta akụkọ.
N'abalị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Mee afọ 2023, ụlọ ọrụ IMF kwadoro ndokwa ụlọ ọrụ akwụmụgwọ dị ijeri $ 3 maka Ghana.
N'ụbọchị nke 10 n'ọnwa Jenụwarị afọ 2023, a họpụtara Ofori-Atta ka ọ bụrụ onye na-elekọta Ministrị Azụmaahịa na Ụlọ Ọrụ na-esochi arụkwaghịm nke Alan John Kyerematen.
Onyinye na mmata
Ofori-Atta bụ onye Henry Crown nke Aspen Institute. A mara ya ikpe dị ka C.E.O nke abụọ a na-akwanyere ùgwù na Ghana. Ken bụ Donaldson Fellow na Mahadum Yale na 2010 ma nata John Jay Award na Mahadim Columbia na 2011. Ọ bụ onye guzobere Aspen Africa Leadership Initiative.
PricewaterhouseCoppers Ghana kwanyeere ya ugwu ugboro abụọ dị ka otu n'ime ndị isi ise kachasị mma na Ghana.
N'ọnwa Mee afọ 2018, a mara ya ikpe dị ka Minista Ego kacha mma n'Africa n'afọ site na magazin The Banker nke dị na London.
A kpọrọ ya otu n'ime ndị na-echekwa ego na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'Africa site na The Africa Report na 2021.
Linda Tripp
Linda Rose Tripp ( née Carotenuto ; Nọvemba 24, 1949 - Eprel 8, 2020) bụ onye ọrụ obodo America nke rụrụ ọrụ ama ama na mkpesa Clinton –Lewinsky nke 1998. Omume Trip na nzuzo na-edekọ oku ekwentị nzuzo Monica Lewinsky gbasara mmekọrịta ya na Onye isi ala Bill Clinton mere ka ha nwee mmetụta na njikọ ha na Clinton v mbụ. Jones ikpe yana na mkpughe nke nkọwa chiri anya. Trip kwuru na ebumnobi ya bụ naanị ịhụ mba n'anya, na ọ gbanarịrị ụgwọ ekwentị site na ikwere inyefe teepu ndị ahụ.
Angela Makholwa
Angela Makholwa bụ onye odee South Afrika, onye odee ojii mbụ dere akụkọ ifo na South Afrika.
Linda Tripp
Site na 2004, Tripp na di ya, Dieter Rausch, nwere ma na-agba ọsọ ụlọ ahịa ezumike kwa afọ, The Christmas Sleigh, na Middleburg, Virginia.
Angela Makholwa
Ndụ
Amụrụ na Johannesburg, Makholwa gụsịrị akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ akụkọ na Mahadum Rhodes. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nta akụkọ magazin na onye na-ahụ maka mmekọrịta ọha na eze maka ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ tupu ya guzobe ụlọ ọrụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze nke ya, Britespark Communications, na afo 2002. Ọ bịara na ebe a na-ede akwụkwọ na afo 2007 na Red Ink, akụkọ mpụ mbụ nke onye edemede ojii na South Afrika. Na Red Ink onye nyocha akụkọ ifo, Lucy - onye ode akwụkwọ mmekọrịta ọha na eze na-aga nke ọma - dọtara n'ime nyocha usoro idina nwoke na igbu ọchụ na-atụ egwu:
Linda Tripp
Ndụ mmalite na ọrụ
A mụrụ Tripp Linda Rose Carotenuto na Jersey City, New Jersey. Ọ bụ ada Albert Carotenuto, onye nkụzi mgbakọ na mwepụ na sayensị ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, na nwunye ya, Inge, bụ nwanyị German nke ọ zutere mgbe ọ bụ onye agha America nọ na Germany. Ha gbara alụkwaghịm na 1968, mgbe ya na onye nkụzi ibe ya nwee mmekọrịta. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Hanover Park High School na East Hanover, New Jersey na 1968 wee rụọ ọrụ dịka odeakwụkwọ na ọgụgụ isi ndị agha na Fort Meade, Maryland. Na 1971, ọ lụrụ Bruce Trip, onye ọrụ agha nke ya na ya nwere nwa nwoke na nwa nwanyị. Ha gbara alụkwaghịm na 1990.
Angela Makholwa
Ndụ
Makholwa sochiri nke a afọ abụọ ka e mesịrị na akwụkwọ akụkọ ọkụkọ ọkụ, The 30th Candle (2009). Akwụkwọ akụkọ ya nke atọ bụ Black Widow Society (2013) na akwụkwọ akụkọ ọhụrụ ya bụ Nwanyị a gọziri agọzi ka ewepụtara na Ọktoba afo 2017.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Linda Tripp
Ndụ mmalite na ọrụ
Onye ọrụ White House na ọchịchị George HW Bush, ọ debere ọrụ ya mgbe Bill Clinton ghọrọ onye isi ala na 1993. N'oge okpomọkụ nke 1994, ndị isi na-enyere aka na White House chọrọ ka a wepụ Trip na White House ma nyefee ya n'ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ọha na eze na Pentagon, bụ nke welitere ụgwọ ọrụ ya site na $ 20,000.
Ntinye aka na asịrị nke Clinton Impeachment
Tripp ghọrọ onye na-akpachi anya Monica Lewinsky, onye ọzọ bụbu onye ọrụ White House, mgbe ha abụọ na-arụ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ọha na eze Pentagon. Dị ka Trip si kwuo, bụ onye dị ihe dị ka afọ 24 ka Lewinsky, ha amatala onwe ha otu afọ na ọkara tupu asịrị ahụ amalite iru n'ọkwa ya dị oke egwu. Mgbe Lewinsky kpugheere Tripp na ya na Clinton na-enwe mmekọrịta anụ ahụ, Tripp, na-eme ihe na ndụmọdụ nke onye na-ede akwụkwọ bụ Lucianne Goldberg, malitere na nzuzo na-edekọ mkparịta ụka ekwentị na Lewinsky ma na-agba Lewinsky ume ka ọ dee nkọwa banyere mmekọrịta ya na onyeisi oche.
N'August 1997, Michael Isikoff sitere na Newsweek kọrọ na Trip kwuru na ya zutere Kathleen Willey na-apụta na Office Oval "gbarụrụ" na "ihu ya na-acha uhie uhie na lipstick ya gbapụrụ." Willey boro ya ebubo na Clinton kpagburu ya. Onye ọka iwu Clinton bụ Robert S. Bennett kwuru na akụkọ Newsweek, "Linda Trip ekwesịghị ikwere."
Na Jenụwarị 1998, Tripp nyere onye ndụmọdụ nọọrọ onwe ya Kenneth Starr teepu maka mgbanwe maka mgbochi site na ikpe. Tripp kpughere Starr na ya maara mmekọrịta dị n'etiti Lewinsky na Clinton, na Lewinsky debere akwụkwọ ikike ụgha na-agọnahụ mmekọrịta ahụ na ụlọ ikpe gọọmenti etiti na Arkansas na Clinton v. Ikpe Jones, na na Lewinsky nwara ime ka Trip gbagha ụgha na uwe ahụ iji zoo ihe ọ maara banyere mmekọrịta Clinton-Lewinsky na nke Kathleen Willey n'ụlọ ikpe gọọmenti etiti. Dị ka Trip kọwara, a na-arịọ ya ka o mee mpụ iji zoo ihe akaebe na ikpe ikike obodo Jones. Ikpe Jones, gbara akwụkwọ na mbụ n'April 1994 site n'aka ndị ọka iwu ya Joseph Cammarata na Gilbert K. Davis, mechara rụpụta na mkpebi Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke United States na Clinton v. Jones kwuru na ndị isi ala US enweghị ihe mgbochi megide akwụkwọ ikpe obodo maka omume emere tupu ha ewee ọkwa na-enweghị njikọ na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ.
Dabere na teepu Tripp, Starr nwetara nkwado site n'aka Attorney General Janet Reno na ụlọ ikpe pụrụ iche na-ahụ maka ndụmọdụ nọọrọ onwe ya iji gbasaa nyocha Starr na mmekọrịta Clinton-Lewinsky, chọọ ihe ndị nwere ike ịgbagha ụgha, wee nyochaa Lewinsky maka ịgba akaebe ụgha na ịgbagha ụgha dị ka onye akaebe. n'okwu ikpe Paula Jones wetara megide Clinton.
N'ikpeazụ, ma Clinton na Lewinsky ga-apụta n'ihu nnukwu ndị juri iji zaa ajụjụ, mana Clinton pụtara site na telivishọn mechiri emechi. Na mmechi nke ajụjụ Lewinsky, ndị jurors nyere Lewinsky ohere inye okwu ikpeazụ ọ bụla. Ọ sịrị, "Akpọrọ m Linda Trip asị."
Mkpesa sitere na Maryland
Tripp bụ onye bi na Hickory Ridge, Columbia, Maryland, mgbe ọ na-edekọ ihe ndekọ nke nzuzo nke mkparịta ụka ya na Lewinsky, na ndị Democrats 49 na Maryland Legislature bịanyere aka n'akwụkwọ ozi nye onye ọka iwu steeti ka ọ rịọ ka a kpee Tripp n'okpuru iwu wayatap Maryland. Tupu ikpe a, ụlọ ikpe steeti kpebiri na n'ihi nkwekọrịta mgbochi nke ụlọ ọrụ ndị ndụmọdụ nọọrọ onwe ha tinyere Tripp, Lewinsky na ndị ọzọ, nnukwu ihe akaebe na-egosi na ndị gbara akwụkwọ zubere iji mee ihe agaghị ekwe omume.
N'okwu ikpe tupu ikpe, ndị ọka iwu kpọrọ Lewinsky dị ka onye akaebe ka ha nwaa igosipụta ma ọ bụrụ na enyochaghị akaebe ya megide Trip site na nyocha onye ndụmọdụ nọọrọ onwe ya. Agbanyeghị, ụlọ ikpe steeti Maryland kpebiri na Lewinsky, onye “kwetara na ọ ghaara iyi ụgha na usoro gọọmentị etiti wee kwuo na ịgha ụgha bụ akụkụ nke ndụ ya,” abụghị ihe a pụrụ ịdabere na ya yana na akaebe Lewinsky tụrụ aro megide Trip bụ “na-asachapụ na ya. ihe na-adịghị mma." N’ihi ya, a kagburu ebubo nile e boro Trip na May 26, 2000, mgbe ndị gbara akwụkwọ kpebiri na ha agaghị aga n’ihu n’ikpe ikpe ahụ.
Nkwụsị n'ọrụ gọọmentị
Na Jenụwarị 19, 2001, ụbọchị ikpeazụ zuru oke nke nchịkwa Clinton, a chụrụ Trip n'ọrụ ya na Pentagon. O kwuru na nchụpụ ahụ bụ ịbọ ọbọ, mana gọọmentị Clinton kwuru na a na-agwa ndị niile na-ahọpụta ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị dịka Trip ka ha nyefee arụkwaghịm ha mgbe ọchịchị ọhụrụ ga-achị. Enwere ike ịchụpụ ndị jụrụ ime otú ahụ.
Ikpe na mmezi
Trip gbara Ngalaba Nchebe US na Ngalaba Ikpe Ziri Ezi nke US akwụkwọ maka ịhapụ ozi sitere na faịlụ nchekwa ya na faịlụ ọrụ ya na mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi megidere iwu nzuzo nke 1974. Na Nọvemba 3, 2003, Trip ruru nkwekọrịta na gọọmentị etiti. Nkwekọrịta ahụ gụnyere ịkwụ ụgwọ otu oge karịa $595,000; nkwalite na-eweghachi azụ; na ịkwụghachi ụgwọ n'ụgwọ kacha elu maka 1998, 1999 na 2000. O nwetakwara ụgwọ ezumike nka ma wepụta ya ka ọ rụọ ọrụ na gọọmentị etiti ọzọ. E chebere ikike ya ịnọ n'otu akụkụ nke mkpesa megide gọọmentị.
Mgbe afọ gachara
Trip lụrụ onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ German Dieter Rausch na 2004. Di na nwunye ahụ bi na Middleburg, Virginia, ebe ha nwere ma na-arụ ọrụ ụlọ ahịa ezumike oyi nke German, nke a na-akpọ Christmas Sleigh.
N'ọhụụ ya na Larry King na Larry King Live na Disemba 1, 2003, Trip kwuru banyere ibi na ọrịa ara ara. N'okwu gbasara mbuso agha nzuzo ya megide gọọmentị etiti, Trip kwuru na ọ pụtara n'azụ ego n'ihi ụgwọ ndị ọka iwu na mmebi nke ọrụ gọọmentị ya. O kwukwara na mmebi nke nzuzo Lewinsky na mmejọ nchịkwa nke Clinton nke nzuzo ya abụghị otu, n'ihi na nchịkwa nchịkwa nke Clinton gbasara akụkọ ọrụ ya bụ iwu na-akwadoghị. O kwuru na n'agbanyeghị na ntanye ekwentị ya bụkwa nke iwu na-akwadoghị, o nwere ike ịzenarị ikpe maka nke a site n'ịnara ihe mgbochi iji gbanwere akaebe ya.
Na 2018, Trip kwuru na "ọ bụ onye 'ezigbo teknụzụ dị elu'" (na-ezo aka nkwupụta Clarence Thomas kwuru na 1991).
Trip nwụrụ ka ọ nwesịrị ọgụ dị mkpirikpi nke ọrịa kansa pancreatic mgbe ọ dị afọ 70 na Eprel 8, 2020.
Na omenala ewu ewu
John Goodman gosipụtara Tripp na eserese Saturday Night Live na-emegharị ugboro ugboro. Trip nwere mmetụta dị iche iche banyere mmetụta ahụ, na-ekwu na ọ masịrị ya ọtụtụ n'ime ihe osise ahụ, ma na-ekwu na ọ dịkarịa ala otu onye merụrụ mmetụta ya.
Sarah Paulson gosipụtara Tripp na usoro telivishọn Impeachment: American Crime Story nke ewepụtara na Septemba 7, 2021, na FX.
Ntụaka
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations
Yohanis Algaw
Yohanis Algaw (14 ogostu 1999) bụ onye na-agba ọsọ na Ethopian.
Ihe odide
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ