cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Cellulosic ethanol
Uru nke cellulosic ethanol karịa ọka ma ọ bụ ethanol sitere na shuga
Akwụkwọ, kaadiboodu, na nkwakọ ngwaahịa nwere ihe dị ka 17% nke mkpofu ụlọ zuru ụwa ọnụ; ọ bụ ezie na a na-emegharị ụfọdụ n'ime ihe ndị a. Dị ka ngwaahịa ndị a nwere cellulose, ha na-agbanwe ghọọ cellulosic ethanol, nke ga-ezere mmepụta nke methane, ikuku griin ha siri ike, n'oge ire ere.
Ọghọm ndị ọzọ
Isi ihe ndọghachi azụ nke mmanụ ethanol bụ akụ na ụba mmanụ ala ya dị ala ma e jiri ya tụnyere mmanụ ụgbọala mgbe ị na-eji ethanol n'ime injin emebere maka mmanụ ụgbọala nwere oke mkpakọ dị ala.
Ọghọm nke cellulosic ethanol karịa ọka ma ọ bụ ethanol sitere na shuga
Ihe kachasị njọ nke ethanol cellulosic bụ ọnụ ahịa dị elu na mgbagwoju anya nke mmepụta ya, bụ nke bụ isi ihe na-egbochi azụmahịa ya.
Ọnọdụ akụ na ụba
Ọ bụ ezie na ahịa bioethanol zuru ụwa ọnụ nwere oke (ihe dị ka ijeri lita 110 na 2019), ihe ka ukwuu bụ sitere na ọka ma ọ bụ okpete, ọ bụghị cellulose. N'afọ 2007, a na-eme atụmatụ ọnụ ahịa mmepụta ethanol site na isi mmalite cellulosic ca. USD 2.65 kwa galọn (€0.58 kwa lita), nke dị ihe dị ka ugboro 2–3 dị ọnụ karịa ethanol nke sitere na ọka. Agbanyeghị, ahịa ethanol cellulosic ka dị obere ma dabere na enyemaka gọọmentị. Gọọmenti US bu ụzọ debere ebumnuche cellulosic ethanol nke nta nke nta na-agbago site na ijeri lita 1 na 2011 ruo ijeri lita 60 na 2022. Agbanyeghị, ihe mgbaru ọsọ ndị a kwa afọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mgbe niile ka ewepụrụ ya mgbe ọ bịara doo anya na enweghị ohere izute ha. Ọtụtụ n'ime osisi ndị na-emepụta ethanol cellulosic kagburu ma ọ bụ gbahapụrụ na mmalite 2010s. Osisi ndị DuPont, General Motors na BP wuru ma ọ bụ kwadoro ya, n'etiti ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ, mechiri ma ọ bụ ree ya. Dị ka nke 2018, ọ bụ naanị otu nnukwu osisi fọdụrụ na US.
Ka e wee too ya na nnukwu mmepụta, cellulose biomass aghaghị ịsọ mpi n'iji ala ubi a na-eme ihe, karịsịa maka mmepụta ihe ọkụkụ. N'ime ijeri acres 2.26 nke United States (nde 9.1 km2) nke ala enweghị mmiri, 33% bụ oke ọhịa, 26% ala ịta ahịhịa na ahịhịa, na 20% ala ihe ọkụkụ. Nnyocha nke Ngalaba Maka Ike na Ọrụ Ugbo nke U.S. na 2005 tụrụ aro na 1.3 ijeri tọn nkụ nke biomass dị maka iji ethanol eme ihe ma na-ejigide mmetụta a na-anakwere na ọhịa, ọrụ ugbo.
Ntụnyere ya na ethanol sitere na ọka
Ka ọ dị ugbu a, cellulose na-esi ike ma dị ọnụ karịa ịhazi n'ime ethanol karịa ọka ma ọ bụ okpete. Ngalaba ike nke United States mere atụmatụ na 2007 na ọ na-efu ihe dịka $2.20 kwa galọn iji mepụta ethanol cellulosic, nke bụ 2-3 ugboro karịa ethanol sitere na ọka. Enzymes nke na-emebi mgbidi cell cell na-eri US $ 0.40 kwa galọn ethanol ma e jiri ya tụnyere US $ 0.03 maka ọka. Otú ọ dị, cellulosic biomass dị ọnụ ala karịa ọka, n'ihi na ọ na-achọ ntinye ole na ole, dị ka ume, fatịlaịza, ahịhịa ahịhịa, na-esonyere ya na obere mbuze nke ala na mma ala ọmụmụ. Na mgbakwunye, ihe siri ike na-adịghị agba agba na enweghị ntụgharị nke fọdụrụ mgbe emechara ethanol nwere ike ịgba ọkụ iji nye mmanụ ọkụ dị mkpa iji rụọ ọrụ ngbanwe ma mepụta ọkụ eletrik. Ike a na-eji na-arụ ọrụ ethanol sitere na ọka sitere na coal na gas. Ụlọ ọrụ maka ịdabere na onwe onye na mpaghara na-eme atụmatụ ọnụahịa cellulosic ethanol sitere na ọgbọ mbụ nke osisi azụmahịa ga-adị na $ 1.90- $ 2.25 kwa galọn, ewezuga ihe mkpali. Nke a tụlere ọnụ ahịa ugbu a bụ $1.20–$1.50 kwa galọn maka ethanol sitere na ọka yana ọnụ ahịa mkpọsa ugbu a karịrị $4.00 kwa galọn maka mmanụ ụgbọala mgbe niile (nke a na-enye nkwado na ụtụ).
Ihe mgbochi nke ọnụ ahịa enzyme
Cellulases na hemicellulases eji na mmepụta nke cellulosic ethanol dị ọnụ karịa ndị ọgbọ mbụ ha. Enzymes achọrọ maka mmepụta ethanol ọka ọka na-efu 2.64-5.28 US dollar kwa cubic mita nke ethanol emepụtara. Enzymes maka mmepụta ethanol cellulosic na-atụ anya na ọ ga-efu 79.25 US dollar, nke pụtara na ha dị okpukpu 20-40 karịa ọnụ. A na-ekwu na ọnụ ahịa dị iche na ọnụọgụ achọrọ. Ezinụlọ cellulase nke enzymes nwere usoro nke otu ma ọ bụ abụọ n'usoro pere mpe nke arụmọrụ. Ya mere, ọ na-achọ 40 ruo 100 ugboro karịa nke enzyme ka ọ dị na mmepụta ya. Maka tọn nke ọ bụla biomass ọ chọrọ 15-25 kilogram nke enzyme. Atụmatụ ndị na-adịbeghị anya dị ala, na-atụ aro 1 kg nke enzyme kwa tọn kpọrọ nkụ nke nri nri biomass. Enwekwara ọnụ ahịa isi obodo dị elu jikọtara ya na ogologo oge nnabata maka ụgbọ mmiri na-arụ ọrụ hydrolysis enzymatic. N'ozuzu, enzymes nwere akụkụ dị ịrịba ama nke 20-40% maka mmepụta ethanol cellulosic. Otu akwụkwọ na-adịbeghị anya na-eme atụmatụ na nsonye dị na 13-36% nke ọnụ ahịa ego, na isi ihe bụ otú e si emepụta enzyme cellulase. Maka cellulase emepụtara na mpụga, mmepụta enzyme ruru 36% nke ọnụ ahịa ego. Maka enzyme emepụtara na saịtị na osisi dị iche, akụkụ ya bụ 29%; Maka mmepụta enzyme agbakwunyere, akụkụ ya bụ 13%. Otu n'ime uru ndị bụ isi nke mmepụta agbakwunyere bụ na biomass kama glucose bụ usoro uto enzyme. Biomass na-efu obere ego, ọ na-eme ka ethanol cellulosic na-esi na ya pụta bụrụ 100% biofuel nke abụọ, ya bụ, ọ dịghị eji 'nri maka mmanụ'.
Nri nri
N'ozuzu, e nwere ụdị nri nri abụọ: ọhịa (osisi) biomass na biomass ugbo. Na US, ihe dị ka ijeri tọn 1.4 akọrọ nke biomass ka enwere ike imepụta nke ọma kwa afọ. Ihe dị ka nde tọn 370 ma ọ bụ 30% bụ biomass nke ọhịa. Ohia biomass nwere cellulose na lignin dị elu yana ọdịnaya hemicellulose na ntụ dị ala karịa biomass ugbo. N'ihi ihe isi ike na mkpụrụ ethanol dị ala na fermenting pretreatment hydrolysate, ọkachasị ndị nwere shuga dị elu 5 carbon hemicellulose dị ka xylose, biomass ọhịa nwere nnukwu uru karịa biomass ugbo. Biomass nke ọhịa nwekwara nnukwu njupụta nke na-ebelata ọnụ ahịa njem. Enwere ike iweta ya n'afọ nke na-ewepụ nchekwa ogologo oge. Ọdịnaya ntụ ntụ dị nso nke biomass nke ọhịa na-ebelata nke ọma ibu n'ime njem na nhazi. Iji gboo mkpa maka ihe dị iche iche dị iche iche, biomass nke ọhịa ga-abụ ngwakọta ihe oriri dị mkpa na-enye nri n'ime akụ na ụba biobased n'ọdịnihu. Otú ọ dị, biomass nke ọhịa na-atụgharị uche karịa biomass nke ugbo. N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, USDA Forest Products Laboratory yana Mahadum Wisconsin-Madison mepụtara teknụzụ dị mma nke nwere ike imeri ike recalcitrance nke ọhịa (osisi) biomass gụnyere nke ụdị softwood nwere obere xylan ọdịnaya. Omenala kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ nke obere oge ma ọ bụ ọrụ ugbo osisi nwere ike inye ohere na-enweghị oke maka mmepụta biomass nke ọhịa.
Osisi osisi sitere na slashes na n'elu osisi wee hụ uzuzu sitere na igwe igwe, na akwụkwọ mkpofu bụ nri anụ ọhịa biomass maka mmepụta ethanol cellulosic.
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) bụ ahịhịa ahịhịa toro ogologo. Amara maka isi ike ya na uto ngwa ngwa, afọ a na-eto n'ime ọnwa ọkụ ruo n'ogo nke 2–6 ụkwụ. Enwere ike ito ahịhịa ahịhịa n'ọtụtụ akụkụ nke United States, gụnyere swampland, larịị, iyi, na n'akụkụ oke osimiri & okporo ụzọ interstate. Ọ bụ mkpụrụ nke onwe (ọ dịghị traktọ maka ịgha mkpụrụ, naanị maka ịgha mkpụrụ), na-eguzogide ọtụtụ ọrịa na pests, ma nwee ike ịmepụta mkpụrụ dị elu na ngwa ngwa nke fatịlaịza na kemịkalụ ndị ọzọ. Ọ na-anabatakwa ala dara ogbenye, idei mmiri, & ụkọ mmiri ozuzo; na-eme ka mma ala dị mma ma na-egbochi mbuze n'ihi ụdị mgbọrọgwụ ya.
Switchgrass bụ ihe mkpuchi akwadoro maka ala echedoro n'okpuru Mmemme Nchekwa Federal (CRP). CRP bụ mmemme gọọmentị na-akwụ ndị na-emepụta ego ụgwọ maka emeghị ihe ọkụkụ n'ala nke ihe ọkụkụ toro na nso nso a. Usoro a na-ebelata mbuze nke ala, na-eme ka mmiri dịkwuo mma, na-abawanye ebe obibi anụ ọhịa. Ala CRP na-eje ozi dị ka ebe obibi maka egwuregwu ugwu, dị ka pheasants na ọbọgwụ, na ọtụtụ ụmụ ahụhụ. A tụlere Switchgrass maka mmepụta biofuel maka ojiji na ala Mmemme Nchekwa Nchekwa (CRP), nke nwere ike ịbawanye nkwado gburugburu ebe obibi wee belata ọnụ ahịa mmemme CRP. Agbanyeghị, iwu CRP ga-agbanwerịrị iji kwe ka ojiji akụ na ụba a nke ala CRP.
Miscanthus × giganteus bụ nri ọzọ bara uru maka mmepụta ethanol cellulosic. Ụdị ahihia a sitere na Eshia ma bụrụ ngwakọ na-adịghị mma nke Miscanthus sinensis na Miscanthus sacchariflorus. O nwere ihe ọkụkụ dị elu, ọ dị ọnụ ala itolite, ma na-eme nke ọma n'ụdị ihu igwe dị iche iche. Otú ọ dị, n'ihi na ọ na-adịghị ike, ọ na-achọkwa ịgbasa ahịhịa, na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo ọnụ.
Atụwo aro na Kudzu nwere ike bụrụ isi iyi bara uru nke biomass.
Ahịa ethanol cellulosic
N'ịbụ nke e nwetara site na enyemaka na enyemaka, mmụba na nyocha ethanol cellulosic na osisi ndị na-anya ụgbọelu mere na mmalite 2000s. Ụlọ ọrụ ndị dị ka Iogen, POET, na Abengoa wuru ụlọ nrụpụta ndị nwere ike ịhazi biomass ma gbanwee ya ka ọ bụrụ ethanol, ebe ụlọ ọrụ dịka DuPont, Diversa, Novozymes, na Dyadic tinyere ego na nyocha enzyme. Agbanyeghị, ọtụtụ n'ime osisi ndị a kagburu ma ọ bụ mechie na mbido 2010 dịka ihe mgbochi teknụzụ siri ike imeri. Dị ka nke 2018, ọ bụ naanị otu cellulosic ethanol osisi ka nọgidere na-arụ ọrụ.
N'ime afọ 2010 gara aga, ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche na-anwa oge ụfọdụ mgbalị dị nta n'ịzụ ahịa ethanol cellulosic, ọ bụ ezie na ọrụ ndị dị otú ahụ na-anọgide na-adị n'ọtụtụ nyocha ma na-adaberekarị na enyemaka. Ụlọ ọrụ Granbio, Raízen na Centro de Tecnologia Canavieira ọ bụla na-agba ọsọ a pilot-scale facility na-arụ ọrụ na Brazil, nke ọnụ na-emepụta gburugburu 30 nde lita na 2019. Iogen, nke malitere dị ka onye na-emepụta enzyme na 1991 wee maliteghachi onwe ya iji lekwasị anya na isi. na cellulosic ethanol na 2013, nwere ọtụtụ patent maka mmepụta ethanol cellulosic ma nye nkà na ụzụ maka osisi Raízen. Companieslọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ na-emepe emepe teknụzụ ethanol cellulosic dị ka nke 2021 bụ Inbicon (Denmark); Ụlọ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ ma ọ bụ na-eme atụmatụ mmepụta ihe na-emepụta ụgbọelu gụnyere New Energy Blue (US), Sekab (Sweden) na Clariant (na Romania). Abengoa, ụlọ ọrụ Spen nwere akụ ethanol cellulosic, kwụsịrị na 2021.
Agencylọ ọrụ ume ọhụrụ nke Australia, yana gọọmentị steeti na ime obodo, nyere ego maka ụlọ ọrụ na-anya ụgbọ elu na 2017 na 2020 na New South Wales dịka akụkụ nke mbọ iji mee ka akụ na ụba mpaghara pụọ na mgbapụta kol.
Nkwado Gọọmentị US
Site na 2006, gọọmentị etiti US malitere ịkwalite mmepe ethanol sitere na nri nri cellulosic. Na May 2008, Congress weputara ụgwọ ọrụ ugbo ọhụrụ nke nwere ego maka ịzụ ahịa nke biofuels ọgbọ nke abụọ, gụnyere cellulosic ethanol. Iwu nri, nchekwa, na ike nke 2008 nyere maka onyinye na-ekpuchi ihe ruru 30% nke ọnụ ahịa mmepe na iwulite ihe ngosi biorefineries maka imepụta "ihe ọkụkụ dị elu," nke gụnyere nke ọma mmanụ ọkụ niile esighị na starch ọka ọka. O kwekwara ka mbinye ego ruru nde $250 maka iwu ụlọ biorefineries nke azụmahịa.
Na Jenụwarị 2011, USDA kwadoro $405 nde na nkwa mbinye ego site na ụgwọ ọrụ Ugbo 2008 iji kwado azụmahịa nke ethanol cellulosic na ụlọ ọrụ atọ nke Coskata, Enerkem na INEOS New Planet BioEnergy nwere. Ọrụ ndị a na-anọchi anya mkpokọta 73 million US galọn (280,000 m3) ikike mmepụta kwa afọ ma ga-amalite imepụta ethanol cellulosic na 2012. USDA wepụtakwara ndepụta nke ndị na-emepụta biofuel dị elu bụ ndị ga-anata ụgwọ iji gbasaa mmepụta nke biofuels dị elu. Na Julaị 2011, Ngalaba Energy nke US nyere POET nde $105 na nkwa mbinye ego maka ụlọ ahịa nke a ga-ewu Emmetsburg, Iowa.
Hụkwa
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Önwa ishií 3
3 Juun bu ubochi nke ato na onwa ana kpo Juun. Na Gregorian calender, 3 Juun bu ubochi nke 154th (155th na afo nke ana-kpo leap year) na afo. Anyi nwere agugu ubochi 211 du mgbe afo na agwu.
Onye wuru
Òtù:Önwa ishií
Rozzell Sykes
Rozzell Sykes (ubochí irí abụọ na isé n'ọnwa Disemba, 1931 rụo ụbọchị irí na asatọ n'ọnwa Disemba, 1994) bụ ónyé America na-ese ihe, nke bi na Los Angeles, California. A maara ya nkè ọma dị ka onye guzobere St. Elmo Village, ọrụ mmezigharị ọbọdọ.
Ọrụ
N'etiti afọ 1960, Rozzell Sykes bụ ónyé na-ese ihe na-arụ ọrụ, nke a maara màkà usoro gosipụtara na magazin Life. N'afọ 1969, ya na nwa nwanne ya nwoke Roderick Sykes nwetara obéré ìgwè bungalows n'etiti ọbọdọ Los Angeles, na block puku anọ na narị asatọ nke St. Elmo Drive ebe ha bi, iji chekwaa ebe obibi ma melite agbata obi dị ka nnwale okike. E debanyere aha ọbọdọ St. Elmo na 1971, ma gosipụta ọhụụ Sykes nke ebe ọdịbendị mara mma, nke nwere ọtụtụ agbụrụ. Rozzell Sykes mere ọtụtụ nnukwu mgbidi màkà Ọbọdọ ahụ, ma nweta ego site n'enyemaka nke Tom Bradley, onye kansụl ọbọdọ n'oge ahụ. "Echeghị m na o kwere ka ihe ọ bụla ghara ịbụ ihe e sere ese", ka Bradley kwuru n'afọ 1995. "Ọ bụ nwoke nwere ọhụụ pụrụ iche. Ọ na-ekwukarị na ọ dịghị mkpa ma ị bi na igbe akpụkpọ ụkwụ ma ọ bụ nnukwu ụlọ, ị nwere ike ịbụ ihe niile ị chọrọ ịbụ. " Mpaghara ahụ ghọrọ ebe a na-eme emume St. Elmo kwa afọ, nke Rozzell Sykes haziri iji mee ka a mara ọrụ ahụ ma mee emume nka.
Ndụ onwe onye na ihe nketa
Ọ lụrụ Erma Sykes, ónyé nọọsụ, di na nwunye ahụ zụlitere ụmụ ise ọnụ, n'etiti ha bụ ónyé na-emepụta egwu Benny Medina.
Ọ nwụrụ na ngwụcha afọ 1994, mgbè ọ dị afọ iri isii na atọ. E mere emume olili ozu ya na First African Methodist Episcopal Church nke Los Angeles. Ọbọdọ́ St. Elmo ka na-arụsi ọrụ ike dị ka oghere nka, n'okpuru ónyé nduzi Roderick Sykes.
Wofai Samuel
Early life and education
Amụrụ Samuel na 18 September 1990, na calabar, cross river state, o gara federal government girls college, calabar MA GA mahadum nke calabar na 2006 ebe ọ nwetara nzere BSc na zoology na environmental biology. Na afo2021, Samuel nwetara nzere advanced diploma inhuman resource management na organisational development nke university of Lagos, Nigeria.
Personal life
N'August 2017, nwanne ya nwoke, Blessing Samuel, nwụrụ mgbe ọ rịachara obere ọrịa. Ọ bụ onye ọrụ na Mahadum Calabar na nke a bịara mgbe nna ya nwụsịrị na 1996.
Azụmahịa na itinye ego
thumb| Samuel nwere akụkụ obe nke Belarusian Minister na Minsk na 2017 Samuel chịburu Central Bank of Nigeria Cashless Card Forum  na 2016 na mbipụta nke isii nke Kọmitii E-banking Heads Retreat. Na June 2017, Samuel bụ onyeisi oche nke Ministerial Panels for Belarus -Africa Forum na Minsk, nke Development Bank of Belarus na African Export-Import Bank haziri, na mmekorita ya na Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Belarus) na Belarus Ministry of Agriculture. . Na February 2018, Samuel chịburu Global Trade Review's West Africa Trade and Export Finance Conference. N'October 2018, O nyere okwu isi okwu maka African Investments UK, na ihe kpatara itinye ego na Naijiria.
N'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2018, ọ chịziri Mwepụta nke African Export–Import Bank Project Preparation Facility n'akụkụ nke African Development Bank (AfDB) Investment Forum, South Africa. Samuel chịburu West Africa Trade & Investment Stakeholders Nzukọ na Nigeria-Italy Economic Investment Summit na 2019. Na Maachị 2021, ọ chịburu ọgbakọ nke African Finance, Economy & Compliance e mere n'anụ ahụ yana ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ na Angola. N'ọnwa Disemba 2021, ọ duru onye isi Federal Ministry of Communications & Digital Economy's ICT-SMEs Forum na Frequency Spectrum Conference na Nigeria.
Na June na Nọvemba 2018, Samuel mere ndokwa ka ọ bụrụ onyeisi oche Africa Trade and Investment Global Summit na Washington DC na Mines & Money London, Otú ọ dị, ọ tụfuru nzukọ ndị a na ndabere nke akwụkwọ ikike visa nke American Embassy na British High Commission. Abuja.
Mmanụ na gas
Samuel bụ oche nwanyị mbụ maka Oil Trading Logistics Africa Downstream (ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ ala) Izu, OTL na Ọktoba 2017. N'ọnwa Nọvemba, ọ chịziri nnọkọ ọgbakọ maka Oil and Gas Council Nigeria Energy Assembly. Ministri Petroleum Kenya, na ọtụtụ gọọmentị Africa ndị ọzọ gbakọtara na Nairobi maka Summit Sub-Saharan Africa Mmanụ, Gas & Energy Infrastructure Summit, Samuel na-elekọta emume a na 2018. Na Nọvemba 2019, Samuel bụ onye isi okwu maka mmiri emepụtara Texas, ogbako njikwa mmiri mba ụwa nke mba ụwa. Na Julaị 2020, a họpụtara Samuel ka ọ bụrụ onye isi nke FIN Oil & Gas, ntinye ego si mba ofesi dabere na London. Na Disemba 2020, Samuel weputara usoro nzukọ maka Upstream (ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ ala), na-adọta mba 22, 21 Petroleum & Energy Operating Companies n'ụwa niile na 150 Senior ndị nwere oke, gụnyere nke Federal Ministry nke Petroleum Resources (Nigeria), African Petroleum Producers' Organisation, Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, Shell, Waltersmith Petroman Oil, Chevron, Bank of America, Exxon Mobil, Invictus Energy Australia, Schlumberger, Crystol Energy, na Saudi Aramco.
Ike na ume
Na 2017, Samuel duru West Africa Power & Energy Industry Awards maka Spintelligent South Africa. Ọ chịkwara West Africa Energy, Trade & Mining Infrastructure Summit, Ghana na 2018. Na 10 Ọgọst 2021, a họpụtara Samuel ka ọ bụrụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ, Africa Energy and Infrastructure (UK).
Ọrụ mmekọrịta
Na 24 Disemba 2020, a họpụtara Samuel ka onye isi oche nkwukọrịta nke anọ maka ndị isi ntorobịa Africa, YALI RLC West Africa (Nigeria Alumnus ). Ndị Royal Commonwealth Society họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye ọka ikpe maka asọmpi Essay Commonwealth nke Queen na June 2021 wee ṅụọ iyi dị ka odeakwụkwọ mgbasa ozi maka ndị otu mgbanwe mgbanwe gọọmentị United States na 1 October 2021.
Ihe nrite na nnabata
Na 2013, 2014 na 2015 n'otu n'otu, a họpụtara Samuel maka Nigerian Broadcasters Merit Awards na ụdị nke Ọpụrụiche TV Personality nke afọ. Ọ bụ onye nnata nke Life Changers Awards, United Kingdom (2015), Maya Awards Africa (2016), West Africa Media Community Awards (2019), Prestige International Excellence Awards. (2019), na Trek Africa Awards 2019.
N’ọnwa Ọktoba 2020, akpọrọ Samuel na Forbes Africa</i> ka ọ na-akpụzi ọdịnihu kọntinent ahụ.
Edemsibia
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
16 Julaị
Onye wuru
Òtù:Julaị
Grounding (discipline technique)
Ntọala bụ usoro ịdọ aka ná ntị n'ozuzu nke a na-eji ụmụaka eme ihe, nke a machibidoro iwu ịhapụ ebe obibi ha, ewezuga ihe omume achọrọ, dị ka ụlọ akwụkwọ (ọ gwụla ma a kwụsịrị ma ọ bụ chụpụrụ ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ), nlekọta ahụike dị mkpa, ịga ebe. nke ofufe, ma ọ bụ ileta nne na nna na-adịghị elekọta ya. N'ime oge a, a na-ewepụ ihe nkwado ọ bụla dị mma, a na-ewepụkarị ihe ùgwù ndị ọzọ, dị ka mana ọnweghị oke na iji ịntanetị, igwu egwuregwu vidiyo, ma ọ bụ ikiri telivishọn. Ntaramahụhụ ahụ nwere ike ịgụnye ịmekwu ọrụ ọrụ ma ọ bụ ọrụ ụlọ akwụkwọ.
A na-eji ntọala eme ihe ndị ọzọ dika ịdọ aka ná ntị anụ ahụ, dịka, ịkụ aka, maka njikwa omume n'ụlọ. Dị ka nyocha nke afọ 2000 banyere nsonaazụ ụmụaka si kwuo, "E mepụtala ntọala dị ka ụzọ ịdọ aka ná ntị dị irè karịa ịkụ aka na ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma. " Ntọala nwere ike imebi ma ọ bụrụ na ụdị na oge mgbochi dị oke njọ maka omume a chọrọ idozi, ma ọ bụ ma ọ bụrụ na mgbochi ahụ siri ike maka nne ma ọ bụ nna ịmanye n'ihi nguzogide.
Mmalite
E jiri okwu a mee ihe na mbido n' ihe ụgbọelu: mgbe a na-egbochi onye na-anya ụgbọelu ịkwọ ụgbọelu n'ihi omume rụrụ arụ, ọrịa, nsogbu teknụzụ na ụgbọelu ahụ, ma ọ bụ ihe ndị ọzọ, onye na-anya ụgbọelu "ala" - ya bụ, n'ụzọ nkịtị na-ejedebe n'ala.
Cecilia Oba
Oge ọ malitere
N'afọ 1974, a mụrụ Oba na Morsak Village, Yei, dịka onye otu agbụrụ Kakwa. Site na 1981 ruo 1987, Oba gara ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị Kagelu. Site na 1987 ruo 1991, ọ gara Yei Girl's Secondary School, mana ọ kwagara Uganda n'ihi agha, na-aga Nyangilia Secondary School na West Nile. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1994, Oba mere usoro mmepe mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya maka otu afọ na Nsameji National Institute.
Ọrụ
Oba jere ozi dị ka minista nke steeti Central Equatoria maka ihe gbasara kansụl. A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchi anya National Assembly of Sudan, o tinyere aka n'ịdepụta Iwu South Sudan. A họpụtara Oba dị ka onye isi obodo n'afọ 2013 ma chụpụ ya n'ọkwa ahụ na Septemba 2014.
Ọnwụ
E gburu Oba na onye njikwa ụlọ ọrụ ya Emmanuel Lemi na 9 Nọvemba 2014 na Jebel, mgbe ọ dị afọ 40. N'abalị iri na anọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba, e jidere mmadụ anọ n'ihe metụtara igbu ọchụ abụọ ahụ. Gọọmentị kwuru na Nọvemba 2015 na nyocha na-aga n'ihu.
Nkwenkwe Ndị E kweere
Oba bụ Onye Kraịst. Ọ kwadoro ikike agụmakwụkwọ maka ụmụ nwanyị.
Deborah Oluwaseun Odeyemi
Deborah Oluwaseun Odeyemi (amụrụ na mkpụrụ ụbochị iri abụọ na-otu n'ọnwa Febụwarị na-afọ 1995) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba ọsọ nke na-agba 100 mita, 200 mita, 4 x 100 mita na sprint medley relay. O sonyere na asọmpi 4 × 100 mita relay na-afọ 2015 World Championships na Athletics na Beijing, China.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ Òtù:Ndị amụrụ n'ọnwa 1995 Òtù:Ụmụ nwanyị Yoruba nọ n'egwuregwu Òtù:Ụmụ nwanyị Naịjiria 21st-century
Bang-Bang Club
Bang-Bang Club bụ otu ndị na-ese foto esemokwu anọ, Kevin Carter, Greg Marinovich, Ken Oosterbroek, na João Silva, na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'ime obodo ndị dị na South Africa n'etiti afọ 1990 na afọ 1994 n'oge mgbanwe site na usoro ịkpa ókè agbụrụ gaa na ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya. [1] Oge a gụnyere ụfọdụ ime ihe ike, ọkachasị ọgụ n'etiti ANC na ndị na-akwado IFP, ógè e wepụrụ mmachibido iwu na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị abụọ ahụ. Ndị Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging na ndị otu ndị ọzọ sonyekwara na ime ihe ike ahụ.
Ihe nkiri màkà otu ahụ, nke akpọrọ The Bang Bang Club, nke Steven Silver duziri gosipụtara na Toronto International Film Festival na 2010.
Akụkọ ihe mere eme
A mụrụ aha "The Bang Bang Club" site n'isiokwu e bipụtara na magazin South Africa Living. Aha izizi ya bụ The Bang Bang Paparazzi, a gbanwere ya ka ọ bụrụ "Club" n'ihi na ndị otu ahụ chere na okwu paparazzi na-akọwa ọrụ ha n'ụzọ na-ezighị ezi. Aha ahụ sitere na ọdịbendị n'onwe ya; ndị bi n'obodo ahụ gwara ndị na-ese foto màkà "bang-bang" na-ezo aka na ime ihe ike na-eme n'ime obodo ha, mana n'ụzọ nkịtị, "bang-bang" na-ezo aka na ụda égbè ma bụrụ okwu ndị na-ese foto esemokwu na-eji eme ihe.
Ihe nkiri
Ihe nkiri nke akwụkwọ Marinovich na Silva, The Bang Bang Club (2010), bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri na South Africa bụ Steven Silver gbara na obodo Thokoza. Marinovich rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ndụmọdụ na ihe nkiri ahụ nke gosipụtara Ryan Phillippe dị ka Greg Marinovich, Taylor Kitsch dị ka Kevin Carter, Neels Van Jaarsveld dị ka João Silva na Frank Rautenbach dị ka Ken Oosterbroek.
Ihe nrite
Ndị otu abụọ ritere ihe nrite Pulitzer maka foto ha. Greg Marinovich meriri Pulitzer maka Spot News Photography n'afọ 1991 banyere akụkọ ya banyere igbu Lindsaye Tshabalala n'afọ 1990. Kevin Carter meriri Pulitzer maka Featured Photography n'afọ 1994 n'ihe banyere foto ya nke afọ 1993 nke ugo nke yiri ka ọ na-achọ nwatakịrị agụụ na-agụ na ndịda Sudan.
Ken Oosterbroek meriri ihe nrite nke abụọ na 1993 World Press Photo Photo Contest for the Stories, General News category. A họpụtakwara Oosterbroek maka Ilford Press Photographer of the Year n'afọ 1989 na afọ 1994 ma họpụta ya maka South African Press Photographer of The Year ugboro atọ.
João Silva meriri na South African Press Photographer of the Year Award na 1992 ma nweta nkwanye ùgwù n'afọ 2007 World Press Photo Contest na Stories, Spot News category.
Nun languages
Asụsụ Nun bụ otu asụsụ Eastern Grassfields nkè Bamum (Mum) ná ndị yiri yá nkè Western High Plateau nyke Cameroon na-asụ.
Asụsụ ndị a bụ:
Nso language
Nso (Lamnso, Lamnsɔ́́) bụ asụsụ Grassfields nkè ndị Nso nkè ọdịda anyanwụ Cameroon. Mmadụ olé na ole nwere ike ịnọgide na Naịjirịa. O nwere klas irí dị mkpa. Koodu ISO 639-3 bụ lns. Ìhè karịrị 100,000 mmadụ na-asụ Nso.
Usoro ide ihe
Nso na-eji orthography dabere ná General Alphabet of Cameroon Languages (AGLC). E mepụtara orthography ná mbụ tupu á gbanwee yá iji soro aro nkè AGLC. [1] Ọ na-eji digraphs irí abụọ ná atọ, dz, gb, gh, gv, gw, jw, kf, kp, kw, mb, mf, mf, mt, mv, nj, ns, nt, ny, bg,表演, ŋw, sh, ts, ná trigraphs asaa. Mkpụrụedemede ogologo na-egosi site ná okpukpu abụọ nkè ụdaume bụ ːa, ee, əə, ii, oo, uu. Á na-edepụta Diphthongs na-akpọ, ey, əy, oy, uy, iy.
Á na-egosi ụda dị élú ná ụda ólú dị élú ná ólú dị ala ná ụda ólú siri ike nà ụdaume.
Hellen Murshali
Ebensidee
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Democracy in America
De La Démocratie en Amérique (French pronunciation: [dəla demɔkʁasi ɑ̃n‿ameˈʁik]; bipụtara na mpịakọta abụọ, nke mbụ na afo 1835 na nke abụọ na afo 1840) bụ ederede French nke Alexis de Tocqueville dere. Aha ya na-asụgharị n'ụzọ nkịtị ka On Democracy na Amerika, mana nsụgharị Bekee ndị ọrụ gọọmentị na'ozuzu ha bụ Democracy na Amerika. N'akwụkwọ ahụ, onye odee akwukwo ahu bù Tocqueville na-enyocha mgbanwe ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya nke o kwenyere na ọ na'ime ọtụtụ narị afọ gara aga.
Òtù:Akwụkwọ
Theresa Amerley Tagoe
Theresa Amerley Tagoe (December 13, 1943 ♡ Novembe na afọ 2010) nke a makwaara dị ka Iron Lady bụ nwanyị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Ghana na onye isi otu New Patriotic Party na onye bụbu onye omeiwu nke Ablekuma South Constituency.
Oge ọ malitere
A mụrụ Tagoe, nke ndị Ga, na 13 Disemba, na afọ 1943.
Agụmakwụkwọ
Tagoe gụrụ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na Aburi Girls Senior High School ebe ọ bụ onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ. O nwetara nzere bachelọ na French na Mahadum Ghana.
Ọrụ ebere
Tagoe nwere ụlọ akwụkwọ odeakwụkwọ ụmụ nwanyị nke gụnyere French na usoro mmụta ya, yana ịmalite mmemme ọrụ ebere gụnyere otu iji nyere ụmụ mgbei na ụmụ agbọghọ nọ n'okporo ámá aka ịmụta ọrụ na-arụpụta ihe na mmemme ịgbazinye ego maka ụmụ nwanyị na-ere azụ kpọrọ nkụ n'okporong ámá Accra.
Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị
Theresa Tagoe bụkwa osote Minista nke Greater Accra Regional na osote Minisita nke Ala, Ọhịa na Mmanụ ala n'okpuru ọchịchị John Kufuor.
Tagoe bụkwa otu oge onye nhazi ụmụ nwanyị nke New Patriotic Party.
A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye omeiwu na 7 Jenụwarị na afọ 1997 mgbe ọ nwesịrị mmeri na afọ 1996 Ghanaian General Elections. O nwetara 39.90% nke ngụkọta vootu a tụbara nke ya na vootu 47,644 site na imeri Ebo Hawkson nke National Democratic Congress onye nwetara 35.70% nke ya na 42,568 vootu
Ihe Nketa
Tagoe jere ozi dị ka onye otu Council of State ma bụrụ onye otu Council nke Women World Leaders. A gụrụ Dansoman Roundabout aha ya nke a maara dị ka 'Theresa Ameley Tagoe Roundaboot' ma guzobe ihe oyiyi iji sọpụrụ ya.
Ebenside
Òtù:Ọmụmụ 1743 Òtù:Ọnwụ afọ 2010
CLIVAR
CLIVAR (mgbanwe ihu igwe na amụma) bụ akụkụ nke World Climate Research Programme. Ebumnuche ya bụ ịkọwa ma ghọta mgbanwe ihu igwe na amụma na ógè ógè ógè ruo otu narị afọ, ịchọpụta usoro anụ ahụ na-ahụ màkà mgbanwe ihu igwe ma mepụta ihe ngosi na ikike ịkọ ọdịnihu màkà ihe ngosi ihu igwe.
A họpụtara Dr Antonietta Capotondi dị ka ónyé isi óche PICES WG-49 na-anọchite anya CLIVAR n'afọ 2023.
Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Ihe na-esonụ bụ usoro iheomume nkè CLIVAR na ihe ndị bu ya ụzọ:
Òtù na òtù ọrụ
CLIVAR nwèrè ọtụtụ akụkụ na ìgwè na-arụ ọrụ dabere na ọmụmụ nke mgbanwe ihu igwe na amụma nkè ihe dị íchè íchè nke usoro ihu igwe ụwa.
Òtù zuru ụwa ọnụ
CLIVAR nwèrè akụkụ atọ zuru ụwa ọnụ:
Ihe omume mba
E nwèrè mmemme CLIVAR mba anọ, nke na-agba ọsọ n'ụzọ dị ukwuu ma na-enye aka na mmemme CLIVars mba ụwa:
Njikọ mpụga
Official website
Meeza
Meeza (ميزة) bụ onye na-enye usoro ịkwụ ụgwọ eletrọniki nke Ijiptu maka azụmahịa ụlọ n'ime Ijipt. Ọ bu Gọọmentị Ijiptu na-akwado ya ma bụrụ nke ụlọ akụ etiti Ijiptu na ụlọ ọrụ mba Ijiptu (EBC) n' achịkwa. Meeza na-enye ọrụ ịkwụ ụgwọ eletrọniki yiri MasterCard na Visa mana enwere ike iji ya mee ihe naanị n'ime Ijiptu. Aha Meeza pụtara "ọganihu" n'asụsụ Arabic nke Ijiptu.
Akụkọ ihe mere eme
E guzobere Meeza na mbido 2019, iji nye atụmatụ ịkwụ ụgwọ mba na-akwado otu ụlọ ọrụ na-enweghị ego na Egypt. Ka ọ n' erule ngwụcha afọ 2019, Meeza enyewo ihe dị ka kaadị ịkwụ ụgwọ nde anọ maka iji ya mee ihe n'ime netwọk Ijiptu.
N'ọnwa Ọktoba 2020, Meeza malitere inye ndị Ijiptu kaadị a kwụrụ ụgwọ n'efu, nke enwere ike iji ya mee ihe n'ógbè ma enweghị ike iji ya na mpụga Ijiptu.
Meeza na-emepụta kaadị ụlọ akụ na ngwa mkpanaka maka azụmahịa mpaghara n'ime Ijiptu. A na-anabata kaadị ịkwụ ụgwọ Meeza na ụlọ ahịa ahịa na ụlọ ọrụ Gọọmentị gafee Egypt, na mgbakwunye na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ e-commerce nke Ijiptu n'ịntanetị. Meeza na-enye ma kaadị ịkwụ ụgwọ a kwụrụ ụgwọ na kaadị debit aka ụntụ ụlọ akụ. Kaadị ndị a na-enye site na ọtụtụ nnukwu ụlọ akụ dị na Egypt dị ka National Bank of Egypt (NBE), Banque Misr, Alex Bank, Banque du Caire, Commercial International Bank (CIB), na ụlọ akụ ndị ọzọ nke Ijiptu. Ngwaahịa kaadị Meeza na agụnyekwa kaadị na-enweghị kọntaktị maka ebe a na-ere ahịa na-akwado ha.
17 Julaị
17 Julaị bu ubochi nke 17th (nke iri na asaa) na onwa ana kpo Julaị. Na Gregorian calender, 17 Julaị bu ubochi nke 198th (199th na afo nke ana-kpo leap year) na afo. Anyi nwere agugu ubochi 167 du mgbe afo na agwu.
Onye wuru
Òtù:Julaị
Ọhịa Dị nOké Ifufe nke Shuangsi
Ọhịa ndụ Shuangsi Tropical (Chinese omenala: 雙溪熱帶母樹林; : 双溪熱帶 mère樹林; : ) bụ ebe nchekwa ọhịa na Meinong District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Ọ bụ ndị ọchịchị Japan guzobere ya na 1935, bụ ndị butere ma zụlite ụdị osisi na osisi 270 site nakụkụ dị iche iche nke Eshia, Australia, na South America, iji mụta ụdị osisi nwere ike itolite na Taiwan.
Ọdịdị ala
Oké ọhịa ahụ gafere ihe karịrị hekta 7.65 nógbè ahụ ma bụrụ nke Council of Agriculture Forestry Bureau naelekọta. Ugbu a, ụdị osisi 96 dị iche iche naeto nime ọhịa; otu ụdị naanọchite anya iri na otu. Nọnọdụ ole na ole, ihe ndị a dị iche iche na naanị osisi nke ụdị ha naadị ndụ nebe ọ bụla na Taiwan. Oké ọhịa ahụ, ihe dị ka mita 100 nelu oke osimiri, naenweta 2,000 ruo 3,000 milimita mmiri ozuzo kwa afọ.
3 Disemba
3 Disemba bu ubochi nke 3rd (nke atọ) na onwa ana kpo Disemba. Na Gregorian calender, 3 Disemba bu ubochi nke 337th (338th na afo nke ana-kpo leap year) na afo. Anyi nwere agugu ubochi 28 du mgbe afo na agwu.
Onye wuru
Òtù:Disemba
Nyokon language
Asụsụ Nyokon, nkè á makwaara dị kà Nyo'o (ninyɔ̃'ɔ̃), bụ asụsụ Southern Bantoid nkè Cameroon.
Ihe Mere Anyị Na-apụghị Ịrahụ Ụra
Why We Can't Sleep: Women's New Midlife Crisis bụ akwụkwọ na-abụghị akụkọ ifo nke Ada Calhoun dere na afo 2020. Ọ na-abado na edemede ya maka O, The Oprah Magazine, "The New Midlife Crisis for Women". Calhoun gbara ụmụ nwanyị 200 ajụjụ ọnụ ma mụọ ihe omume mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya iji chọpụta ihe mgbochi ọhụrụ maka ụmụ agbọghọ Generation X. E bipụtara akwụkwọ ahụ na afo Jenụwarị 7, 2020, site na Grove Press.
Nchịkọta
Why We Can't Sleep bụ akwụkwọ Calhoun dere gbasara ụmụ nwanyị oge agburu X na ọgụ ha, mgbe ụfọdụ na-eduga na nsogbu nke etiti afọ, gụnyere ịgba alụkwaghịm, ụgwọ, ụlọ na'akwụsighị ike, na mmepe ọrụ. Ọ na-ewulite na edemede ya maka O, The Oprah Magazine, "The New Midlife Crisis for Women". Calhoun gbara ihe nyocha ụmụ nwanyị 200 ajụjụ ọnụ gafee America banyere ahụmịhe ha ka ọgbọ a zụlitere iji "nwere ya niile". Ọ yọpụt na ọtụtụ ndị nwere ike ọgwụgwụ ma nwee nsogbu ego na ụlọ, n'okpuru ma ọ bụ ịrụbiga ọrụ ókè n"ọrụ ha, nlekọta, na ịzụlite nne na nna. Ọ mụtara otú ụmụ nwanyị agburu X si meghachi omume ma merie ọgụ ndị a n'ụzọ anụ ahụ na uche, na-etinye nyocha sitere na Center for Economic and Policy Research na Harvard University's Equality of Opportunity Project.
Mgbe a tọhapụrụ akwụkwọ ahụ, ọ gbasaa na arụmụka di iche iche nke akwụkwọ na nchịkọta akụkọ n'ịntanetị, gụnyere nlekọta na nsọtụ.
Ntụle
Ihe mere anyị enweghị ike ihi ụra: Nsogbu Ọhụrụ Ọkara Ọdịda Ụmụ nwanyị enwetala nyochaputa dị mma tupu mbipụta. Library Journal kwuru, "Nnyocha ya na-enye ụmụ nwanyị ụzọ ha ga-esi lee ma ọ bụghị belata ahụmịhe nke ha; ọ na'ekwu maka eziokwu ahụ bụ na ụmụnwaanyị na na ha na - na: "Ọtụtụ mgbe niile, ọ bụ otú enweghị ụra ha, yana nrụgide anụ ahụ na nke uche, si bụrụ nsogbu ziri ezi n'onwe ha..." Publishers Weekly kwuru, "Calhoun na-emesi ụmụ nwanyị agburu X obi ike na ha nwere ike ịchọta ụzọ isi pụọ na nsogbu ha site na 'ịhụ ndụ anyị ihu dị ka ha dị n'ezie'. Ụmụ nwanyị nke ọgbọ ọ bụla ga-ahụ ọtụtụ ihe ha gafere na akụkọ a na-atọ ọchị ma dị irè..." <i id="mwMQ">Vogue</i>, Real Simple, Parade, New York Times, na O, The Oprah Magazine gosipụtara Why We Can't Sleep dị ka otu n'ime akwụkwọ ndị a na-atụ anya ịgụ na afo 2020.
Nnyocha ndị e bipụtara mgbe e mesịrị dị mgbagwoju anya. The New York Times Book Review Curtis Sittenfeld kpọrọ Calhoun "onye na-akọ akụkọ na akpa ọchị, nke nwere ọgụgụ isi, na nke na na - na "na-echegbu ụmụ nwanyị n'ụzọ siri ike" mana "ọ chọrọ ka Calhun tinye akụkọ ụmụnwaanyị ole na ole mana ọ banyere n" Emily Bobrow nke Wall Street Journal nyere akwụkwọ ahụ nyocha dị iche iche, na-achọpụta "ọtụtụ n'ime mkpesa ya nke a maara mma" mana na ọ akpo akwụkwọ "obere mkpu" ma na na - na Calhoun "adịghị elu karịa ọnụ ọgụgụ na. " Akwụkwọ ahụ nwere ọkwa 3.86/5 na Goodreads 2020[update].
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Akwụkwọ
2019 na mgbanwe ihu igwe
Edemede a na-edekọ ihe omume a ma ama, nchọpụta nyocha, mmetụta, na nzaghachi metụtara okpomọkụ zuru ụwa onu na mgbanwe ihu igwe n'ime afọ 2019.
Ntụziaka na ọnụ ọgụgụ
center|thumb|1000x1000px| "Ihe ịrịba ama dị mkpa nke mbara ala" dị ka NASA gosipụtara na 31 Disemba 2019
Omume ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, akụ na ụba, ọdịbendị
thumb| Ojiji nke okwu Google na-atụ aro ịbawanye mmata banyere nsogbu ihu igwe na nkwupụta mberede ihu igwe n'oge 2019. Ihe doro anya na-ebelata mmasị n'afọ na-esote nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi ọrịa COVID-19.
Esther Opoti Dhugira
Esther Opoti Dhugira (9 Septemba 1962 - 18 Ọgọst 2001) bụ onye omeiwu Ugandan na nwanyị omebe iwu maka Nebbi District na 7th Parliament nke Uganda. Na Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu nke Uganda n'etiti afọ 1994 na 1995, ọ nọchitere anya Okoro County na Nebbi. Dhugira na Winnie Byanyima na ndị ọzọ bụ otu n'ime ndị guzobere Forum for Women in Democracy (FOWODE)
Mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ
Dị ka Loyce Bwambale nyere ya n'oge nnọkọ ndị omeiwu n'afọ 2001, Onenoth Opoti Jalmoi, onye isi agụmakwụkwọ distrikti na Vitali Opoti n'obodo Kituli, mụrụ Dhugira
Ọ gara ọtụtụ ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị dịka Arua Public School na afọ 1969 wee gụchaa agụmakwụkwọ praịmarịa ya na Kitgum Public School. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Kitgum, Dr. Obote College, na Boroboro na Lira, ebe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ ya n'afọ 1983.
Ọrụ aka ya
N'afọ 1998, Dhugira bụ onye nkuzi na Erusi Senior Secondary School na Nebbi ma mesịa sonye na National Resistance Council (NRC) n'afọ 1989.
A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nduzi, Kinyara Sugar Works Limited na afọ 1991 ma bụrụkwa onye nduzi na Immigration Control Board, site na afọ 1994. Ọ bụkwa onye otu Ntinye aha na Institute of Education, ITEK São Kyambogo.
N'oge ntuli aka nke afọ 1994 Ugandan Constituent Assembly nke Uganda, a họpụtara Dhugira dị ka onye nnọchiteanya na-anọchite anya Okoro County na Nebbi.
O meriri n'asọmpi maka ọkwa onye omeiwu na afọ 1996 megide Anthony Ofwori Rugete nwụrụ anwụ. O sonyere ọzọ na ntuli aka nke afọ 2001 ma bụrụ onye nnọchi anya nwanyị maka Nebbi na Nzukọ nke asaa nke Uganda ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ n'otu afọ ahụ. Betty Odongo Pacuto nọchiri ya
N'afọ 1995, ya na ndị ọzọ : Winnie Byanyima, Solome Mukisa, Betty Akech, Loyce Bwambale, Tezira Jamwa, Margaret Zziwa, Benigna Mukiibi na Margaret Ssebagereka, Dhugira guzobere Forum for Women in Democracy (FOWODE)
Ndụ onwe onye ya
Dhugira nwere ụmụ nwanyị abụọ
Ebesidee
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations
Juliet Raphael Michael
Juliet Raphael Michael bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị South Sudan. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka Minista na-ahụ maka akụrụngwa nke Western Bahr el Ghazal kemgbe 18 Mee 2010.
Ebensidee
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Olowogbowo
link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/PSX_20180525_141412.jpg/220px-PSX_20180525_141412.jpg|thumb|Ọdụ Ụgbọ Mmiri na Olowogbowo Olowogbowo bụ mpaghara dị n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke Lagos Island na Lagos, nke a makwaara dị ka Apongbon. Mpaghara ahụ dị na mpaghara azụmahịa. E guzobere obodo ahụ mgbe afọ 1851 gasịrị, mgbe a tọhapụrụ ndị Yoruba a dọọrọ n'agha na ụmụ ha ndị e debere n'ụsọ osimiri na Sierra Leone laghachiri na Lagos, ma nye ha ala iji biri na mpaghara Olowogbowo na Breadfruit nke agwaetiti ahụ.
Aha Apongbon bụ nsụgharị na-adịghị mma nke okwu Yoruba a l'agbon pipon ("nwoke nwere afụ ọnụ na-acha ọbara ọbara"), aha e nyere William McCoskry, onye na-anọchite anya gọvanọ nke Colony nke Lagos e guzobere ọhụrụ na 1861. Egwú Jùjú malitere n'ógbè Olowogbowo n'afọ 1920, mgbe ụmụ okorobịa nọ na mpaghara ahụ na-ezukọta n'ụlọ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ igwe iji ṅụọ ma mee egwu. Tunde King bụ onye ndú nke otu a, nke a na-ewere n'ozuzu ya dị ka onye guzobere ụdị ahụ.
Edensibia
Òtù:Lagos Island
Human trafficking in the Bahamas
Bahamas bụ mba na-aga maka ụmụnwoke na ụfọdụ ụmụnwanyị si mba Haiti na mba Caribbean ndị ọzọ bụ ndị a na-atụ mgbere ahịa mmadụ, ọkachasị ọrụ mmanye, na, ruo n'ókè dị nta, ụmụ nwanyị si Jamaica na mba ndị ọzọ na-agba akwụna mmanye. Ndị Haitian na-atụ mgbere ahịa yikarịrị ka ha ga-akwaga mba Bahamas n'afọ ofufo, mana emesịa bụrụ ndị a manyere ha ịrụ ọrụ ugbo, ọrụ ụlọ, ma ọ bụ ịgba akwụna mmanye. Ụfọdụ ndị ọrụ na-amanye ndị ọrụ si mba ọzọ - iwu kwadoro na iwu na-akwadoghị - ịrụ ọrụ ọtụtụ awa, na ụgwọ dị ala, na ọnọdụ ndị a na-ekweghị n'okpuru iwu ọrụ obodo site n'ịgbanwe usoro nkwekọrịta ọrụ, igbochi akwụkwọ njem, ịjụ njem ịlaghachi n'ụlọ, iyi egwu iwepụ akwụkwọ ikike onye ọrụ na onye ọrụ, ma ọ bụ na-eyi egwu ịchụpụ onye ọrụ ahụ site n'ụzọ ndị ọzọ. A kọrọ na ndị na-atụ mgbere ahịa na-adọta ụmụnwanyị Jamaica na ndị ọzọ si mba ọzọ na Bahamas site n'inye ha ọrụ na njem nleta na ntụrụndụ ma mee ka ụmụnwanyị ahụ bụrụ ndị akwụna mgbe ha rutere. Mịnịstrị na-ahụ maka agụmakwụkwọ na-enyocha ebubo na ụfọdụ ụmụagbọghọ ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na Eleuthera nwere ike itinye aka na ịgba akwụna. Akụkọ a bụ naanị ihe na-egosi na ụmụ amaala Bahamian nwere ike ịbụ ndị a na-atụ mgbere ahịa mmadụ.
Dị ka gọọmentị mba United States si kwuo, Gọọmentị Bahamas anaghị agbaso ụkpụrụ kacha nta maka iwepụ ịzụ ahịa; Otú ọ dị, ọ na-eme mgbalị dị ukwuu ime nke ahụ. N'afọ ahụ niile, gọọmentị malitere nyocha ụfọdụ banyere ikpe ndị a na-enyo enyo nke ịzụ ahịa mana ọ chọpụtaghị ndị a na-ahụ maka ya n'etiti ndị na-adịghị ike, dị ka ụmụnwanyị na ụmụ agbọghọ na-agba akwụna, ọ gara n'ihu ịchụpụ ndị mbịarambịa na-enweghị akwụkwọ n'ebughị ụzọ chọpụta ma ha nwere ike ịbụ ndị a na-azụ ahịa.
Ụlọ ọrụ US State Department na-enyocha ma na-alụso ịzụ ahịa mmadụ ọgụ tinyere mba ahụ na "Tier 1" n'afọ 2017.
Mkpesa
Gọọmentị nke mba Bahamas gosipụtara obere mgbalị ndị mmanye iwu megide ịzụ ahịa mmadụ n'oge akụkọ ahụ. Ọ gara n'ihu na-eche ihe onwunwe na ikike dị mkpa ihu, ma chee ọtụtụ ndị mmanye iwu na-asọmpi ihu. A machibidoro ụdị ịzụ ahịa niile site na Iwu Mgbochi na Mgbochi Ndị Mmadụ nke afọ 2008. Ntaramahụhụ nke Iwu ahụ nyere maka ịtụ mgbere ahịa mmadụ na-eme mpụ sitere na afọ atọ ruo mkpọrọ ndụ, ma bụrụ nke siri ike ma kwekọọ na ntaramahụhụ e nyere maka mpụ ndị ọzọ dị egwu, dị ka ndina n'ike. Gọọmentị ejideghị ma ọ bụ kpee ndị omekome ọ bụla na-azụ ahịa ikpe, n'agbanyeghị akụkọ banyere ọnụnọ nke ndị na-azụ ahịa na mba Bahamas kemgbe ọ dịkarịa ala afọ 2005. N'oge akụkọ ahụ, gọọmentị malitere inyocha otu ikpe a na-enyo enyo na ọ na-atụ mgbere ahịa na mmekorita ya na gọọmentị ọzọ. Mịnịstrị na-ahụ maka agụmakwụkwọ guzobere otu ọrụ iji nyochaa ebubo nke ụmụ akwụkwọ na-agba akwụna na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị dị na Eleuthera. NGO, na mmekorita ya na gọọmentị Bahamian, nyere mbata, ọrụ, ọrụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, na ndị ọrụ mmanye iwu ọzụzụ megide ịzụ ahịa. N'akụkọ ihe mere eme, ndị ọrụ gọọmentị ejikọtala ịtụ mgbere ahịa mmadụ na mbubata mmadụ, na-eduga n'ịchụpụ ndị mba ọzọ na ndị na-enweghị ike n'amaghị ma ha nwere ike ịbụ ndị na-azụ ahịa. Ọ bụ ezie na omume ahụ gara n'ihu ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ, ịchụpụ mmadụ na-akpaghị aka belatara ka mmata gọọmentị banyere ịtụ mgbere ahịa dị ka ụdị mpụ mba ụwa amụbaala. Akụkọ akụkọ na-egosi na n'afọ 2009, ụfọdụ ndị agha nwere ike itinye aka n'inyere aka na ntinye iwu na-akwadoghị nke ndị na-azụ ahịa na mba ahụ. Enweghị ihe akaebe nke itinye aka gọọmentị ma ọ bụ ịnabata ịzụ ahịa. N'afọ 2014, a mara onye mbụ ikpe maka ịtụ mgbere ahịa na Bahamas.
Nchedo
Gọọmentị Bahamian gosipụtara obere mgbalị iji chebe ndị na-azụ ahịa n'ime afọ gara aga. Ọ bụ ezie na Ministry of Labor and Social Development's Bureau of Women's Affairs ghọrọ ụlọ ọrụ na-eduga maka ọzụzụ na enyemaka nye ndị metụtara, gọọmentị nọgidere na-adabere na NGO na òtù mba ụwa iji chọpụta ma nye ọtụtụ ọrụ nye ndị metụtara. Enweghị ebe nchekwa pụrụ iche maka ndị na-azụ ahịa na Bahamas. Ọrụ nchekwa, ndụmọdụ, na ntụgharị ndị mmanye iwu nwere ike ịnweta ụmụnwanyị na ndị na-atụ ahịa ụmụaka site na Crisis Centre, nke na-elekwasị anya n'inyere ndị e metọrọ n'ụzọ mmekọahụ na n'ụlọ aka. Ndị Red Cross, ndị agha nzọpụta, na ndị otu ụka obodo nke na-enye aka nye ndị mbịarambịa iwu na-akwadoghị nwere ike inyere ndị ikom mba ọzọ aka bụ ndị nwere ike ịbụ ndị na-azụ ahịa ọrụ. Ndị na-enye enyemaka amaghị na ha nyere ndị ọ bụla na-azụ ahịa aka n'oge akụkọ ahụ. Ndị isi anaghị agbaso usoro iwu maka nyocha ma ọ bụ na-ezigara ndị na-enye ọrụ. Gọọmentị emepụtala ma emebeghị atụmatụ iji nyefee ndị ahụ metụtara na Bureau of Women's Affairs, Crisis Centre, na Eugene Dupuch Law School. N'ime afọ ahụ, gọọmentị mere ndokwa ka International Organization for Migration (IOM) duzie ọzụzụ enyemaka maka mbata, ọrụ, ọrụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, ndị mmanye iwu na ndị sonyere na NGO. Otú ọ dị, ndị ozi na-ahụ maka nchekwa mba na ọrụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, emepụtaghị ma ọ bụ mejuputa atụmatụ iji nye ndị metụtara ọrụ kwesịrị ekwesị na mmekorita ya na NGO, dị ka iwu mgbochi ịtụ mgbere ahịa nke afọ 2008 chọrọ. Ọ bụ ezie na gọọmentị hụrụ na a naghị ata ndị a kpọtara anya n'ụzọ na-ekwesịghị ekwesị maka mmebi iwu mbata na omume ọ bụla iwu na-akwadoghị mere n'ihi ịtụ ahịa, a chọpụtaghị ụfọdụ ndị ahụ n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị. Enweghị usoro iwu dị adị nke na-enye ndị ọrụ mmanye iwu oge iji nyochaa ma ụmụnwanyị mba ọzọ a hụrụ na ha na-agba akwụna nwere ike ịbụ ndị a na-azụ ahịa mmekọahụ tupu iwu chọrọ ka a chụpụ ha. Ka ọtụtụ ndị mbata na ndị uwe ojii na-enweta ọzụzụ n'okwu gbasara ịzụ ahịa n'afọ niile, Otú ọ dị, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị uwe ojii bu ụzọ gbalịa ịchọpụta ma ụmụnwanyị mba ọzọ hụrụ na ha na-agba akwụna nwere ike ịbụ ndị a na-azụ ahịa tupu ha ewere ha dị ka ndị ruru eru ịchụpụ mụbara. Iwu Bahamas na-agba ndị a metụtara ume isonye na nyocha na ikpe nke ndị omekome na-azụ ahịa, ma na-agụnye ndokwa maka ndị omekome ahụ pụọ na ikpe, nchebe nke ndị omekome na ndị akaebe na echiche pụrụ iche maka afọ na oke mmerụ ahụ onye ahụ tara ahụhụ, na enyemaka site na mwepụ nke ndị mba ọzọ metụtara na mba ebe ha nwere ike ihu ihe isi ike ma ọ bụ ntaramahụhụ n'agbanyeghị na ha sonyere na nyocha ma ọ bụ ikpe nke ndị na-azụ ahịa ha. N'okpuru iwu a, a chọrọ ndị na-azụ ahịa ka ha kwụọ ndị ha metụtara ụgwọ ego.
Mgbochi
Gọọmentị gosipụtara mgbalị ụfọdụ iji gbochie ịzụ ahịa n'ime oge akụkọ ahụ. Gọọmentị sonyere na mgbasa ozi na agụmakwụkwọ nke emere na mmekorita ya na òtù dịka IOM. Otu ndị ọrụ gọọmentị na-arụ ọrụ nke Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Department of Immigration, Ministry of Labor and Social Development's Bureau of Women's Affairs, na ndị nnọchi anya NGO na-ezukọ kwa oge iji dozie ma hazie nsogbu ịtụ mgbere ahịa n'etiti ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị dị iche iche. Ndị otu a gbanwere uche ya site na mmanye mbata gaa na mmesi ike na mgbasa ozi na ntaramahụhụ nke ndị omekome n'ime afọ gara aga. Iji dozie nsogbu nke ụfọdụ ndị ọrụ mbịarambịa na mmegbu ndị ọrụ, gọọmentị mere ngwa ngwa nhazi nke ebubo mbata ma nye ụfọdụ ndị bi ogologo oge nwa amaala. Gọọmentị emeghị mgbalị ọ bụla a na-ahụ anya iji belata ọchịchọ maka mmekọahụ azụmahịa.
N'afọ 2020, mba Bahamas nwetara ọkwa Tier 1 maka afọ nke isii n'usoro. Nke a na-akwado na Bahamas na-ezute ụkpụrụ kacha nta maka iwepụ ịzụ ahịa mmadụ. Ka o sina dị, Mịnịstrị mba ofesi na-akatọ na ụlọ ikpe na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-arụ ọrụ, ikpe nke ndị na-atụ mgbere ahịa mmadụ dị ole na ole ma dị anya nakwa na ego maka nkwado ndị a na-emegbu ebelatawo. N'afọ 2019, e nyochara mmadụ iri na isii a na-enyo enyo na ha na-azụ ahịa, nyocha iri na otu maka ịtụ mgbere ahịa mmekọahụ na ise maka ịtụ mgbere ahịa ọrụ. A chọpụtara ụmụ nwanyị ise dị ka ndị a na-azụ ahịa. E belatara ego maka nlekọta na igbochi ndị na-atụ mgbere ahịa (site na $ 125,710 na 2018) ruo $ 95,000, nke a na-ekwu na ọ bụ n'ihi Oké Ifufe Dorian.
Public Interest Law Clearing House
I'll Mmasị Ọha na eze (PILCH) bụ ọrụ ntụgharị iwu na-abaghị uru, nke a na-arụ ọrụ site na Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. E hiwere ya n'afọ 1994, na-agbaso ihe nlereanya nke ndị ọka iwu New York maka ọdịmma ọha na eze.
PILCH haziri enyemaka iwu pro bono n'ihi òtù na-abaghị uru na ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu na Victoria, na ebumnuche iji meziwanye ohere ikpe ziri ezi na Victoria site n'ịkwado ọrụ iwu pro bono nye ndị na-enweghị ike inweta ya.
N'ubochí izizi n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 2013, PILCH VIC na PILCH NSW jikọtara wee bụrụ nzukọ ọhụrụ: Justice Connect. Justice Connect na-aga n'ihu na ọrụ PILCH, na obere mgbanwe na mgbanwe na mmemme akwadoro. Maka nkọwa nke mmemme ndị dị ugbu a, biko gaa na webpage Justice Connect.
Atụmatụ
E mere ụfọdụ atụmatụ n'okpuru akara PILCH. Atụmatụ nke ọ bụla natara arịrịọ n'ihe gbasara enyemaka, ma nyefee ikpe n'aka ndị otu ya ógè ha kwusịrị na e mezuru ụfọdụ ụkpụrụ. Atụmatụ ndị ahụ bụ:
Atụmatụ iwu PILCH nke Justice Connect na-ahazi ugbu a gụnyere:
Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Ntugharị dị mkpa emere site na PILCH na ọrụ ndị metụtara ya gụnyere:
Ihe nrite
PILCH enwetala ihe nrite ndị a n'ihe gbasara nkwanye ùgwù maka ọrụ ya:
18 Julaị
18 Julaị bu ubochi nke 18th (nke iri na asatọ) na onwa ana kpo Julaị. Na Gregorian calender, 18 Julaị bu ubochi nke 199th (200th na afo nke ana-kpo leap year) na afo. Anyi nwere agugu ubochi 166 du mgbe afo na agwu.
Onye wuru
Òtù:Julaị
2020 Iju Mmiri nke Sahel Africa
Idei mmiri nke Sahel Africa nke afọ 2020 bụ oke idei mmiri nke dakwasịrị ọtụtụ ebe na odida anyanwu, owuwa anyanwu, na Central Africa na-ọnwa Ọgọstụ na Septemba 2020 n'ihi oke mmiri ozuzo. Ma ihe karịrị mmadụ 760,000 no na Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Congo Republic, Ghana, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Sudan, Senegal, na Tunisia Ko metụtara ma gbuo ọtụtụ narị mmadụ.
Diamond D
Joseph Kirkland (amụrụ n'ubochí isé n'ọnwa Eprel, n'afọ 1968), nke a maara nke ọma site na aha ya bụ Diamond D, bụ onye America hip hop MC na onye na-emepụta ihe ndekọ si Bronx, New York City, na otu n'ime ndị guzobere Diggin 'na Crates Crew, abbreviated as D.I.T.C.
Afọ Ndị Mbụ
N'ịbụ onye tolitere na Forest Houses na Bronx, Diamond D nwere mmetụta site na ndị DJ obodo, DJ Hutch na DJ Supreme. N'oge ọ na-eto eto, ndị DJ abụọ ahụ ga-ahapụ ya ka ọ rụọ ọrụ na turntables ha. Ná mbido nke ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-emepụta ihe, Diamond nọrọ ọtụtụ awa na studio Jazzy Jay na Allerton Avenue na Bronx. O nyere Jay otuto n'ihi ịkpali ya ịzụta ihe ngosi ma kụziere ya usoro mmepụta dị iche iche. N'ajụjụ ọnụ nke afọ 2017, o kwuru, "Amụtara m ihe dị ka Pasent iri itoolu na ise nke nkà mmepụta m n'aka ya. Ọ nọkwa n'ihu oge ya. "
Ọrụ ndekọ
Na mgbakwunye na nkuzi Jazzy Jay, Diamond kwuru na onye otu Brand Nubian bụ Grand Puba bụ mmụọ nsọ ya ịmalite ịkụ egwu. Ngosipụta izizi nke ndị ọbịa na A Tribe Called Quest's The Low End Theory track "Show Business" nyere aka mee ka ndị mmadụ mara ya dị ka onye na-ese ihe.
Iji kwalite ihe ndekọ ya nke afọ 1997 Hatred, Passions and Infidelity, Mercury Records chịkọtara vinyl nkwado a na-akpọ Diamond Jewels nke tinyekwara Stunts, Blunts, na Hip Hop songs "Best Kept Secret", "*!*! What U Heard", na "Sally Got A One Track Mind".