cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Save Democracy Group Africa
Onyinye
Ihe nrite Nelson Mandela Leadership bụ ihe nrite nke otu ahụ haziri iji sọpụrụ ndị isi ala gara aga ma ọ bụ onye nọ n'ọfịs ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'Africa dị ka Olusegun Obasanjo, Goodluck Jonathan, Jonathan Zwingina, Senator Ben Obi, Umaru Tanko Al-Makura, Mohammed Abdullahi Abubakar, Joseph Boakai wdg. onye na-ahụ na nkwanye ùgwù maka oge iwu kwadoro mgbe ọ na-eduzi na kọntinent Afrịka.
Mmetụta nke onyinye ahụ bụ ịgba ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nọ na kọntinent ahụ ume ịgbanwe echiche na nghọta ha banyere idu ndú, ịkwalite ụkpụrụ nke udo na mgbaghara, ọchịchị dị mma na nke doro anya yana nkwanye ùgwù maka oke iwu.
Ihe mara mma
Clocental (dolcental) bụ ọgwụ na-eme ka mmadụ n'ihe ndị mere na-eme ihe na-emebi na ụdị nke ụwa họrọ ihe nke sitere na na carbamate. Enwere ike ịkwadebe ya site na ethynylation nke cyclohexanone soro mmeghachi omume na allophanyl chloride. center|thumb|500x500px|Nchịkọta nke clocental
Anam Imo
Anam Imo (amụrụ n'abalị iri atọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2000) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agbachitere Piteå IF na Damallsvenskan. Ọ na-anọchite anya ndị otu bọọlụ mba Naịjirịa na ndị na-erubeghị afọ iri abụọ.
Ọrụ klọb
N'ọnwa Machị 2016, Imo gbara naanị goolu maka Nasarawa Amazons na mmeri ha meriri Naịjirịa n'okpuru afọ iri na asaa, na nkwadebe maka 2016 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup.
Mba ụwa
Imo so n'ime ndị egwuregwu a kpọrọ ka ha bịa na ndị otu Naijiria maka egwuregwu Afrịka nke afọ 2015 site n'aka onye isi nchịkwa, Christopher Danjuma. N'oge ogige ntụrụndụ, ọ gbara ọtụtụ goolu maka otu ahụ. Tupu 2016 Africa Women Cup of Nations, Imo nọ n'ime ndị otu 30 nke Florence Omagbemi, mana emeghị ndị otu ikpeazụ nke ndị egwuregwu 23. N'okpuru afọ 20, O nyere aka na iru eru nke Naịjirịa maka 2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup, na-agba bọọlụ n'akụkụ abụọ nke egwuregwu iru eru ikpeazụ megide South Africa.
Onye nkuzi Thomas Dennerby kpọrọ aha ya na ndepụta ndị otu ikpeazụ na 2018 WAFU Women's Cup. N'asọmpi ahụ, ọ gbara goolu megide ndị otu ụmụ nwanyị Togolese na egwuregwu ikpeazụ nke otu. N'ọnwa Eprel 2018, Imo nọ na mbido mbido na mmeri Naijiria meriri France na egwuregwu enyi na enyi na Le Mans.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Ugo nwere afụ ọnụ
Owu na-eti mkpu (Megascops barbarus) bụ obere "owu nkịtị" na subfamily Striginae. A na-ahụ ya na Guatemala na Mexico.
Nchịkọta na usoro
Ọ bụ Philip Sclater na Osbert Salvin kọwara nke mbụ ya n'afọ 1868. Ọ na-ekerịta ụdị Megascops na ihe karịrị 20 ndị ọzọ screech owls. Ọ bụ monotypic. A na-enweta aha a na-akpọ barbarus site na ụdị obodo Santa Bárbara, Vera Paz, Guatemala, na "afụ ọnụ" bụ ihe na-ezighi ezi sitere na ya (afụ ọnụ ga-abụ barbatus).
Nkọwa
Owu screech bụ nke kacha nta n'ụdị ya na North America. Ọ dị 16 ruo 20 cm (6.3 ruo 7.9 in) n'ogologo; ndị nwoke dị ihe dị ka 63 g (2.2 oz) na ndị nwanyị 72 g (2.5 ). Na mgbakwunye na ịdị arọ, ụmụ nwanyị nwere nku na ọdụ dịtụ ogologo, na ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị nku na-agafe ọdụ. Ụdị ahụ nwere ụdị agba abụọ. N'ozuzu, nke kachasị na-acha ntụ ntụ na-acha nchara nchara na nke ọzọ na-acha ọbara ọbara, mana ụmụ nwanyị ndị ọzọ yiri ka ha bụ ndị na-acha uhie uhie. A maara ndị nọ n'etiti. Ndị toro eto nke morph na-acha ntụ ntụ nwere elu nke agba ahụ nwere "olu" na ntụpọ dị arọ nke na-acha ọcha. Diski ihu ya na-acha ntụ ntụ na-acha nchara nchara gbara ya gburugburu. Akụkụ ndị dị n'okpuru ya na-acha odo odo na akara ndị gbara ọchịchịrị nke na-enye ọdịdị ocellated na ábụ́bà na-agbasa ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mkpịsị ụkwụ. Ụdị na-acha uhie uhie na-anọchi anya na-acha nchara nchara na-acha ọbara ọbara na-acha odo odo na ọdịdị na-adịghị iche. Ụdị abụọ ahụ nwere anya na-acha odo odo, ọnụ na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, na mkpịsị ụkwụ na-acha pinki na-enweghị nku.
Ebe a na-ekesa ya
A na-ahụ nnụnụ screech screech site n'ugwu ndị dị n'etiti Chiapas, Mexico n'ebe ndịda na n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ n'ime ugwu ndị dị n"etiti na ọdịda anyanwụ Guatemala. N'ịdị elu, ọ na-adịkarị n'etiti 1,800 na 2,000 (5,900 na 6,600 ft) ana ọ na-eme dị ala dị ka 1,350 m (4,400 ) na dị elu dị ka 2,500 m (8,200 ). Ọ na-ebi n'ọhịa dị n'ugwu nke dị n'ụdị dị iche iche; ihe atụ gụnyere osisi pine-oak, osisi oak, na oké ọhịa igwe ojii.
Nri
Nnụnụ a na-akpọ screech owl na-eme ihe n'abalị. Ọ na-eri ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ naanị arthropods, ọkachasị beetle, na crickets, ụkpara, nkịta, ududo, na akpị na-ebukwa. Ọ na-achụ nta n'okpuru ala ma ọ bụ n'akụkụ ọhịa, na-echere n'elu osisi ma na-awakpo anụ oriri n'ala. Ọ naghị ewere anụ oriri gaa n'otu ebe kama ọ na-eri ya ebe e jidere ya. O yighị ka ọ na-atụ pellet.
Ịzụlite
Nnụnụ a na-akpọ screech owl bụ nke mpaghara. Oge ọmụmụ ya yiri ka ọ na-aga site na Machị ruo Juun. Nanị akwukwo a chọtara bụ n'ime oghere osisi okike ebe nwanyị na-acha ọbara ọbara na-azụ nwa ọkụkọ na-acha ntụ ntụ.
Nkwupụta
Abụ nke mkpu nwere afụ ọnụ bụ "ihe dị jụụ na nke dị ala, nke yiri cricket nke 3-5 [seconds] n'ogologo, na-ebili ma na-ada na njedebe". Ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị na-abụ abụ, ụmụ nwoke na-abụkarị abụ, abụ nwoke nwere ụda dị ala karịa nke nwanyị. Ha na-enyekwa "a soft ventriloquial hu".
Queen Amina Statue
thumb|Queen Amina Statue Ihe ọkpụkpụ Eze Nwanyị Amina bụ ihe ọkpụkpụ na-agba ịnyịnya iji sọpụrụ Eze Nwanyie Amina, Eze Nwanyị nke Zazzau. Ọ bụ Ben Ekanem chepụtara ihe ọkpụkpụ ahụ na 1975 n'oge emume nke abụọ nke Black na African Festival of Arts and Culture ma tinye ya n'ọnụ ụzọ nke National Arts Theatre na Lagos State. E bibiri ya na 2005 n'ihi ihu igwe mana onye na-ese ihe na-enweghị akara mepụtara ya na 2014.
Ugo nwere afụ ọnụ
Ọnọdụ
IUCN na mbụ nyochara owl nwere afụ ọnụ dị ka Near Threatened. N'afọ 2012 ọ gbanwere ọkwa ahụ ka ọ bụrụ Vulnerable na n'afọ 2020 ka ọ bụrụ Least Concern. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bi na ya nwere atụmatụ nke ọ dịkarịa ala mmadụ 20,000 tozuru etozu mana ekwere na ọ na-ebelata. A na-eme atụmatụ na ngụkọta ya dị ihe dị ka 9,800 km2 (3,800 mi). Ndị ọrụ Mexico edepụtara ya dị ka ihe nọ n'ihe ize ndụ na mba ahụ n'ihi oke mgbukpọ ọhịa. "[C]oké ọhịa pine-oak dị mma na nke na-adọrọ adọrọ na ndagwurugwu dị elu ma ọ bụ ugwu dị elu nke siri ike iru. "
Queen Amina Statue
Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga
Queen Amina bụ nwa nwanyị mbụ nke Queen Bakwa Turunku, onye guzobere ala eze Zazzau. Ọ bụ eze nwanyị Agha Hausa nke Zazzau nke chịrị na mmalite narị afọ nke iri na isii. E mere ihe oyiyi Queen Amina iji cheta obi ike na ike ya.
Stears Business
Stears Business bụ akwụkwọ azụmahịa nke Naijiria dabere n'etiti Lagos na London na-elekwasị anya na akụkọ azụmahịa, akụ na ụba na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Á na-ebipụta Stears Business site na Stears, ndị nta akụkọ ya na-abụkarị ndị nọ na Lagos. Dịka nke Septemba 2017, onye nchịkọta akụkọ bụ Michael Famoroti.
Mbipụta ahụ na-ewere ọnọdụ nchịkọta akụkọ na-anọpụ iche na nyocha ya nke gọọmentị, azụmahịa efu na ijikọ ụwa ọnụ dịka o kwenyere na 'uru nke ikwe ka echiche niile na-adịghị mma na-agwa arụmụka'. Ihe mejupụtara bọọdụ nchịkọta akụkọ bụ ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na London School of Economics ma lekwasịrị anya karịsịa na Africa.
Edensibia
Òtù:Ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi nke Naịjirịa Òtù:Akwụkwọ akụkọ a bipụtara na Lagos Òtù:Akwụkwọ akụkọ a bipụtara na Naịjirịa
Nokuthula Ledwaba
Ọrụ
N'afọ 2018, a kpọrọ ya ka ọ rụọ ọrụ na usoro telivishọn The River. N'usoro ihe omume ahụ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ 'Angel' ma gaa n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ ahụ na oge mbụ na nke abụọ nke ngosi ahụ. [citation needed] Ewezuga usoro telivishọn ndị a a ma ama, ọ rụrụ na usoro Abomama dịka 'Mapule' na na Ambitions dịka 'Thembi'. [citation mkpa] Ọ rụkwara ọrụ nkwado na usoro Hard Copy, Backstage, Umlilo na Scandal!. N'ime mmezigharị nke mbụ 1977 nke American mini-series Roots, Nokuthula rụrụ ọrụ dị ka 'nne Kunta Kinte'.
N'ihe nkiri e.tv Umlilo, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dịka 'Dumile', nwa agbọghọ obodo a mụrụ ma zụlite na Soweto onye bụ nwunye nke abụọ n'alụmdi na nwunye.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Kay Brown (artist)
Kay Brown (1932-2012) bụ ónyé Africa America na-ese ihe na ónyé édémédé bipụtara. Ọ bụkwa nwanyị mbụ e nyèrè ónyé otu Weusi Artist Collective, nke dị na Harlem n'oge 1960s na 1970s. E hiwere Weusi Collective, nke akpọrọ aha ya n'ihi okwu Swahili màkà ọchịchịrị, n'afọ 1965, nke ndị ikom mejupụtara kpamkpam. Eziokwu ahụ bụ na ọ bụ naanị nwanyị so n'òtù a kpaliri ya ịchọ ụzọ isi nọchite anya ndị Black na-ese ihe. A nabatara ya n'ọtụtụ ebe dị ka otu n'ime ndị guzobere otu ndị na-ese ihe nkírí nke Where We At Black na New York City. A na-eto ọrụ Brown maka ịnọchite anya nsogbu ndị metụtara ndị Black ụwa site na nchịkọta mgbasa ozi ya na mbipụta ya. E gosipụtara ọrụ Brown na ngosi "We Wanted a Revolution" na Brooklyn Museum.
Ọrụ
Brown jikọtara ya na ónyé na-ese ihe Dindga McCannon wee guzobe "Where We At" Black Women Artists, Inc. ( <b id="mwFA">WWA</b> ) n'oge opupu ihe ubi nke afọ 1971. Isiokwu ndị a na-ekpuchi site na ngosipụta nka n'ime nzukọ a bụ ọnọdụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya dị ka mmekọrịta nwanyị / nwoke ojii, ọdịnala Africa, na ezinụlọ ojii dị ka otu. Brown dekwara akwụkwọ akụkọ na-eto eto, Willy's Summer Dream, nke e bipụtara na 1989. Ms. Brown bụkwa ónyé dere akwụkwọ akụkọ abụọ. Akwụkwọ akụkọ a na-ekwu màkà ya bụ Willyz Summer Dream, nke sitere na ndụ naanị nwa ya nwoke. A makwaara nwa ya nwoke n'otu akụkụ dị ka ihe na-akpali ya maka Black Mother na Male Child. Brown bụ ónyé ọrụ na Medgar Evers College na osote prọfesọ na Anne Arundel Community College site na 1989 ruo 1990.
Ihe ndekọ kwụ ọtọ màkà Kay Brown dị na Evans-Tibbs Collection nke National Gallery of Art Library. A na-etinye onyinyo ya na ihe ngosi 1972 Some Living American Women Artists nkè Mary Beth Edelson.
Ihe ngosi
Enwere ike ịhụ ọrụ ya n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi, nke enwere ike ịchọta n'ọtụtụ gallery na ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie.
Ọmúmú-àlà
thumb|Otúzọ nke ùwà Ọmúmú-àlà (nkè ndi bekee na kpó Geography) bù ómúmú Àlà na ágwa yá, na ńdí nor ya na élú, na ihe na-méní n'élú ya. N'ásụsụ bekee, áhà ihe ómúmú nke á sị asụsụ Greek, sí mkpurụ okwu gê ("Àlà") na graphein ("Í dé"), ihe ó pùtàrà bụ "Í dé màkà àlà"; onyé bídóró ijí áhà nke ȧ bụ onye obiạ há kpòrò Eratosthenes (276-194 B.C.). Ȯ dị nạ ómúmú àlà ukwu, ògbu miri, òrìmili na úgwú. Ihe na-eménu bu ihe dí kà àlà mmarùbe, mmiri na laazú na ufèlè.
Òtù:Ọmúmú-àlà Òtù:Geography
Bako Christine Abia
Bako Christine Abia (amụrụ na 29 June na afo 1977) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Uganda ma ọ bụ nwanyị Arua District Member of Parliament na nke asatọ na nke itoolu nke Uganda. Ọ bụ onye otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Forum for Democratic Change.
Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na esemokwu
Ọ bụ onye omeiwu na nke itoolu nke Uganda. Na afọ 2010, ya na Minista na-ahụ maka nkwadebe maka ọdachi na ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ, Tarsis Kabwegyere kwurịtara okwu mgbe a na-enye ọrụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ Arua nke a rụzigharịrị n'ụlọ ndị ọrịa n'ihi obere ọgwụ. N'ihi ntuli aka maka ndị omeiwu nke iri nke Uganda, otu ndị omeiwu si West Nile na akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke Northern Uganda sonyeere Minista nke Interior Affairs iji mee emume maka ọdịda nke Terego County, Kasiano Wadri Ezati ịbanye na ndị omeiwu iri. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị omeiwu na-erughị na nke iri. Ndị omeiwu ndị ọzọ, ndị n'otu aka ahụ na-alaghachighị na Nzukọ nke iri bụ; onye bụbu onye nnọchi anya nwanyị Arua na Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu, Alex Onzima, onye bụbu Minista Steeti maka Gọọmentị Obodo na FDC São NRM na-adabere na Maracha MP, Sam Okuonzi (Vurra), Martin Drito (Madi Okollo), Ahmed Awongo (Koboko), Ruth Lematia (Maracha Woman), Noah Acile (Yumbe), Christine Acayo (Nebbi Woman), Hudah Oleru (Yumbe Woman) na Ann Awuru (Moyo Woman) wdg.
ToNa afọ 2010, Christine lụrụ ọgụ na onye isi oche nke Local Council 5, Richard Andama Ferua n'oge nzukọ kansụl nke e nwere na obodo Arua iji dozie esemokwu dị n'etiti ndị ọrụ mmanye iwu obodo na ndị na-ere ahịa iwu na-akwadoghị bụ ndị a na-ebo ebubo na ha ji ígwè na-eti ndị ọrụ mkpa iwu ihe na iwu nke onye isi mpaghara bi, Ibrahim Abiriga. Mgbe ọ nọ na Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu nke itoolu, a kpọtụrụ ya aha n'etiti mmadụ iri atọ na anọ kwuru ihe na-erughị ugboro ise, nke iri abụọ na itoolu n'ime ha bụ ndị otu National Resistance Movement na-achị. Ọ bụ onye na-ahụ maka akụ na ụba mba maka Alliance for National Transformation.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Diamond Platnumz
Nasibu Abdul Juma Issack (a mụrụ n'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 1989), onye a maara nke ọma site na aha egwu ya bụ Diamond Platnumz, yana aha nka ndị ọzọ bụ Simba, Chibu Dangote, bụ onye Tanzanian bongo flava na-emepụta egwu, onye na-agba egwu, onye ọrụ ebere na onye ọchụnta ego nke ihe nketa Ha. A mụrụ ya ma zụlite ya na Tandale, Dar es Salaam. Ọ bụ onye guzobere na onye isi oche nke WCB Wasafi Record Label, Zoom Extra, Wasafi Bet na Wasafi Media. Diamond enwetala ọtụtụ ndị na-eso ụzọ n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ na Central Africa. Ọ ghọrọ onye egwu mbụ sitere n'Afrịka iji nweta ngụkọta nke 1 ijeri YouTube.
Mgbe ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ndekọ na Universal Music n'afọ 2017, Platnumz wepụtara abọm studio nke atọ ya, A Boy from Tandale (2018). N'afọ 2021, Diamond na akara ndekọ ya WCB Wasafi banyere na 360 Partnership na Warner Music Group.
Ọrụ
Ọrụ ya malitere n'afọ 2006 mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asaa mgbe ọ na-ere uwe. Ọ ga-eji ego ọ nwetara site na azụmahịa uwe dekọọ egwu ma mesịa dekọọ egwu mbụ ya "Toka Mwanzo", egwu Bongo flava jikọtara ya na R&B. Abụ ahụ enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma n'ahịa.
E wepụtara egwu ya bụ "Kamwambie" n'afọ 2010. Abụ ahụ meriri ugboro atọ Tanzania Music Awards. O weputara abọm studio mbụ ya Kamwambie n'otu afọ ahụ n'afọ 2010.
N'afọ 2014, Platnumz nwetara nhọpụta na BET Awards 2014 maka Best International Act: Africa.
Platnumz na onye na-ese vidio Director Kenny na-arụkọ ọrụ ugboro ugboro maka vidiyo egwu ya. A họpụtara vidiyo egwu maka "Waah", nke Kenny duziri, maka "Best African Video" na 2021 All Africa Music Awards. N'afọ 2022, o wepụtara egwu 10 ya gbasaa ebe ọ gosipụtara ndị omenkà kachasị elu dịka Zuchu, Adekunle Gold, Focalistic na ọtụtụ ndị omenkọ ndị ọzọ kachasị elu n'Africa.
Ndụ onwe
Diamond bụ onye Alakụba. Ya na onye ya na ya na-arụkọ ọrụ n'oge gara aga, onye ọchụnta ego si Uganda bụ Zari Hassan, nke bi na South Africa, nwere ụmụ abụọ. Ọ ghọrọ nna nke ugboro atọ ya na onye Tanzania Hamisa Mobetto. Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2019, Diamond na onye Kenya na-eme ihe ngosi na onye egwu Tanasha Donna, onye ya na ya mụrụ otu nwa nwoke, amụrụ n'ọnwa Ọktoba 2019. Ha abụọ kewara kemgbe na Tanasha Donna na-efega n'ala nna ya, Kenya.
Diamond bụ nwa nwanne nne nke onye Tanzania na-eme ihe nkiri na DJ, Romeo Abdul Jones, nke a maara dị ka Romy Jones. O nwekwara ụmụnne nwanyị abụọ, onye egwu Queen Darleen, na onye ọchụnta ego na-ahụ maka mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya bụ Esma Platnumz.
N'afọ 2010, ọ kwadoro otu ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị na-achị Tanzania, Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) na onye na-azọ ọkwa onye isi ala, Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete. O weputara egwu ndi ozo na akwado CCM, dika "CCM Tusonge Mbele" ("CCM Let's Move Forward").
Ọrụ azụmahịa
Na 23 Jenụwarị 2019, a mara Diamond Platnumz dịka onye nnọchi anya Pepsi Brand na East Africa.
Na 13 Septemba 2019, Diamond Platnumz ghọrọ Brand Ambassador nke Parimatch Africa.
Na 25 Septemba 2019, a kpọrọ Diamond onye nnọchi anya Nice One Brand Ambassador.
Na 4 Machị 2020, a kpughere Diamond Platnumz dịka onye nnọchi anya ọhụrụ nke Coral Paints (Tanzania).
N'abalị iri na otu n'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2021, ọ malitere Wasafibet na mmekorita ya na Odibets - ụlọ ọrụ egwuregwu Kenya.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations
Serena de la Hey
Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ ya na 1967 na Eldoret, Kenya, de la Hey nọrọ n'oge ntolite nwata ya n'ugbo dị na Australia. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Falmouth Art College, ọ biri na Somerset ebe ọ malitere ọrụ ịkpụ ihe n'oge site na iji willow sitere na Somerset Levels.
De la Hey bu ụzọ jiri willow wee kepụta ihe ọkpụkpụ mmadụ n'afọ 1992 mgbe o mepụtara ihe oyiyi wicker na-agba ọsọ na Ọzara Nevada. Kemgbe mmalite afọ ndị 1990, o meela ihe oyiyi wicker nke ndị mmadụ na anụmanụ na ụlọ ọrụ ya na Stoke Gregory dị nso Taunton. Ọ na-ahụta willow dị ka "mmiri, nke ụzọ dị ngwa nke ịchepụta echiche". O mepụtala Ihe ọkpụkpụ dị iche iche  nyere ndị ahịa ya ọkachasị maka ịchọ ụlọ ma ọ bụ ubi mma. N'afọ 1999, na ntinye aka nrụkọ ọrụ Fernando Martin, o mepụtara ihe ọkpụkpụ nke Glastonbury Festival nke a gbara ọkụ dịka akụkụ nke ihe ngosi pyrotechnic n'abalị ikpeazụ.
N'afọ 2000, South West Arts nyere ya ọrụ ịmepụta Willow Man, ihe ọkpụkpụ wicker dị mita iri anọ n'ịdị elu nke dị nso na M5 Motorway dị nso na Bridgwater. O were ya izu anọ iji mezue ọkpúkpú ihe ọkpúkpú ahụ, na-eji osisi willow ụlọ nke ígwè na-akwado. Emechara ya na Septemba 2000. Na Mee 2001, ndị na-emebi ihe gbara ihe ọkpụkpụ ahụ ọkụ, na-ahapụ naanị ígwè ahụ. N'ihi mkpọsa iji weghachite ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ, n'ọnwa Ọktọba afọ 2001, de la Hey mechara ọkpụkpụ nke abụọ ya, mana nke a, a na-ejikọta waya ígwè na willow. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, a na ji nhata ahịhịa were echekwaba ya. Ọ bụ ezie na e mere ya na mbụ iji nọrọ naanị afọ atọ, de la Hey arụziwo Willow Man ọtụtụ ugboro n'ime afọ ndị gara aga ma ọ ka na-eguzo ma sie ike. Otú ọ dị, ị n'eme nrụzi dị oke ọnụ ma de la Hey na-eche ma a ga-emegharị ihe ọkpụkpụ a iji gbanari mmefu  ego ntụgharị.
Edensibia
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Amamihe
Amamihe, utu aha Sayensị (búrú Science na asụsụ bekee) bu ihe éjị ẹ tu ihe ómárí màkà ihe nor nà àlà há gí jí ẹ ké íwú na ihe kààkà maka uwa nke há mùrù. Mgbe ómárí kárùrù, ọ dị ọtu hé shị né mé ihe gi gbanwe kà nke ọtu ė shì nẹ mẹ ihe nke bu nke di nma gị bu nke ndi amamihe gi ji e me ihe na amamihe. Iheȧ bu nlė na nlė, í lé otụ ihe dị, Í mà ihe, ómúmú-ónúọgụgụ, na Í jé ihe. Í bu amamihe bu Í nwéré ómárí zírí na ȯ bụ ézíbóté ihe nà ihü mádụ dí íche íche (ńdíá gà dírí ndi amamihe). Í ji ihe è tú ézíbóté uzọr é jị nė mė ihe ga bu ihe éjị na kpo mádu onye amamihe.
Òtù:Amamihe
Barbara Hogan
Hogan gara St Dominic's Catholic School for Girls, Boksburg, wee nweta nzere na Mahadum nke Witwatersrand. Hogan nwere nzere na Accounting na Economics.
Hogan sonyeere African National Congress n'afọ 1976 mgbe Soweto Uprising gasịrị, ọtụtụ afọ mgbe ekwupụtara na nzukọ ahụ megidere iwu ma mee ka ọrụ ya dị n'okpuru ala. Ọrụ ya n'ime òtù a bụ ịhazi ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ọcha, sonye na mkpọsa ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ọha na eze ma nye ndị ANC n'okpuru ala na Botswana ozi gbasara ndị otu ọrụ na ọrụ obodo na South Africa. E jidere Hogan n'afọ 1982 maka imezu ebumnuche nke nzukọ a machibidoro iwu ma mgbe a gbara ya ajụjụ ọnụ, mesoo ya mmeso ọjọọ ma tinye ya n'ụlọ mkpọrọ naanị ya ruo otu afọ, ọ ghọrọ nwanyị mbụ na South Africa a mara ikpe ịgba ọchịchị mgba okpuru ma maa ya ikpe ịga mkpọrọ afọ iri.
A tọhapụrụ Hogan n'afọ 1990 site na mwepụ nke òtù ndị a machibidoro iwu na ya na ndị mkpọrọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ndị ọzọ, ọkachasị Nelson Mandela. Mgbe a tọhapụrụ ya, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịhazigharị ANC na ikike ya dị ka odeakwụkwọ nke ụlọ ọrụ mpaghara PWV.
Mgbe Kgalema Motlanthe malitere ọrụ dịka onye isi ala n'ụbọchị 25 Septemba 2008, ọ họpụtara Hogan dị ka Minista ahụike iji dochie Manto Tshabalala-Msimang. A họpụtara Hogan ka ọ bụrụ Mịnịsta na-ahụ maka ahụike ọha na eze n'ụbọchị Septemba 2008 dabere na nkà nchịkwa ego ya, nke dị mkpa ngwa ngwa na Ngalaba Ahụike, dị ka ọ si kwuo na ajụjụ ọnụ News24 gbara ya n'afọ 2008. Ọ bụ ezie na Hogan abụghị ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara ahụike, o kwuru na o nwere onye nnọchi anya nwere ike, Dr Molefi Sefularo, onye bụ dọkịta ma na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ngalaba ahụike. Hogan nyeere gọọmentị South Africa aka idozi ọrịa AIDS n'etiti ndị South Africa mgbe ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ iri nke ịgọnahụ na ileghara anya site n'aka Minista ahụike gara aga, Manto Tshabalala-Msimang.
Ebenside
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Drama Desk Award
Akụkọ ihe mere eme
N'afọ 1974, Drama Desk malitere dị ka nzukọ na-anaghi ebe egob. N'afọ 1975, ọkwa Drama Desk nke ndị mmeri gụnyere ndị a họpụtara.
The Drama Desk nwere ihe karịrị otu narị ndị otu, gụnyere ndị nkatọ ihe nkiri, ndị nta akụkọ na ndị editọ na-ekpuchi ihe nkiri New York ma na-atụ vootu na onyinye. Ndị otu nwere ụdị abụọ: ndị otu na-arụsi ọrụ ike (voting) na ndị otu na-ekere òkè.
Drama Desk Awards enye go aka na ihe ịga nke ọma na-aga n'ihu nke ndị isi kpakpando, ndị na-ede egwuregwu na ndị na-emepụta ihe, ebe ha na-ahụkwa ndị bịara ọhụrụ. The Drama Desk bụ nzukọ ihe nkiri mbụ nke New York nyere onyinye nye ndị talent dịka Edward Albee, Wendy Wasserstein, na George C. Scott. Egwuregwu dị ka Driving Miss Daisy, Other People's Money, Steel Magnolias, na The Boys in the Band wuru ume site na enyemaka nke Drama Desk mmeri.
Na idebe na ọrụ mbụ ya, nzukọ ahụ na-akwado nri ehihie ndị ọbịa na ndị ọkachamara n'ihe nkiri. Ndị otu na-ekwu maka isiokwu ndị nwere mmasị ugbu a: na-ekpuchi oge na Broadway, Off-Broadway, na Off-Off-Broadway, na ebumnuche nke ịkpalite mkparịta ụka na-enye ihe ọmụma na nke na-akpali akpali.
Abeokuta
Abeokuta bụ ama ukwu no na Afrịka ala ana-kpo Naijeria. Abeokuta bụ ịsị óche Ȯra Ogun (Ogun State), nwéré madu ha sị rùrù, 575,000 (2015; e mere atụmatụ ịbụ).
References
Òtù:Nigerian state capitals Òtù:Ama ukwu nor na Naigeria 2
Lerato Walaza
Lerato Walaza bụ onye na- eme ihe nkiri South Africa nke na-egosi na usoro onyonyo MTV Shuga. Ọ bụ agwa na-emegharị ugboro ugboro bụ onye ka nọ na Shuga mgbe usoro ahụ banyere n'usoro obere abalị iji gosipụta okwu gbasara Coronavirus. Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri na-esere usoro a na akụkọ a ga-esite na Nigeria, South Africa, Kenya na Côte d'Ivoire.
Ndụ
Walaza gara Tshwane University Nke Technology ebe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ihe nkiri. áká_èkpè|thumb| Zamo (Lerato_Walaza) na-atụle ndụ n'oge mkpọchi na 2020 Ọ bịara mara mgbe e nyere ya ọrụ Zamo na usoro nke MTV Shuga. O nwere ọrụ nke nne ma ọ bụ nna nanị ya na-azụ ụmụ na-egosi mgba mgba nke imeziwanye ndụ na ịzụ nwa ọbụna site n'enyemaka nke nne gị. Ọ bụ agwa ugboro ugboro bụ onye nọkwa na usoro nke abụọ.
Ọ pụtawo na ihe nkiri "Letters of Hope" nke egosipụtara na mmemme ihe nkiri Johannesburg na 2019. Ahọpụtara ihe nkiri nke ikpeazụ dị ka ihe nkiri mmeghe maka mmemme ihe nkiri mba ụwa nke South Africa nke ise.
Na 2019 Walaza na-emezu ebumnuche mmụta MTV site n'ịkparịta ụka ijiji condom na YouTube. Ọ ka nọ na MTV Shuga wee banye na obere usoro akpọrọ MTV Shuga Alone Together- akọwapụta nsogbu nke Coronavirus na 20 Eprel 2020. Ọ bụ Tunde Aladese na Nkiru Njoku dere ya wee gbasaa ya rụọ abalị iri asaa - ndị na-akwado ya gụnyere United Nations. Usoro a ga-adabere na Nigeria, South Africa, Kenya na Côte d'Ivoire na a ga-akọwa akụkọ a na mkparịta ụka ịntanetị n'etiti ndị odide. Ihe nkiri niile ga-abụ ndị na-eme ihe nkiri ga eme ya gụnyere Mohau Cele, Nomalanga Shozi na Jemima Osunde.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Young John
Aha	Udomboso John Saviours
Amaara ya dịka	The Wicked Producer
Amụrụ ya na	Febuwarị 16, 1995 (afọ 25)
Ibadan, Oyo Steeti, Naịjirịa
Ebe osi	Legọọsụ, Naịjirịa
Nkenụụdị
Afuro pọpụ
Hipụ họpụ
Afurobiiti
Akaọrụ	Nrụpụta ndekọ & Otii egwu, Ịnjinịa olu
Afọ ọ nọ ọrụ	2010–ugbua
Lebeelụ	YBNL
Ndị egwu
Olamide
Phyno
Lil Kesh
Viktoh
Wizkid
djworldwide
Young John bụ onye na-emepụta ndekọ egwu na Ịnjinịa olu na Naịjirịa. A maara ya nke ọma maka imepụta egwu akpọrọ "Story For the Gods" nke Olamide "Street OT album". Site na nzere mmepụta egwu nke abọm ya tinyere Street OT na 2 Kings, Young John bụ onye a họọrọ # 3 na ndepụta NET nke "Ndị Na-emepụta Egwu dị Ukwuu asaa na Naịjirịa" wee gaa n'ihu ka họpụta ha na "Onye Mmepụta nke Afọ "edemede na 2015 "Nigeria Entertainment Awards" na The Headies2015. Ọ na - arụ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ Hit Factory nke dị na YBNL Nation ugbu a.
Ọrụ
Nwa okorobịa John malitere ịkụ egwu dị ka nwata. O guzobere otu a na-akpọ AVG yana ụmụnne ya tupu ya abanye na ụlọ ọrụ "Hit Factory Studio" na 2012. Mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-emepụta egwu na Hit Factory, o mepụtara egwu nọ n'elu chaatị nke Olamide akpọrọ "Story For The Gods". A họpụtara ya maka "Producer of The Year" nke 2015 mbipụta nke The Headies maka ọrụ ya na " Bobo ", egwu Olamide nke wuru ewu.
Etoro Young John maka imepụta egwu dịka "Gbese" na "Efejoku" nke Lil Kesh, "Biggest Backside" nke Davido na abọm credit tinyere The Baddest nke Davido, 2 Kings nke Olamide na Phyno na Eyan Mayweather nke Olamide.
Nsidee
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Mary Dignam
link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Mary_Dignam-Red_Maple.jpg/250px-Mary_Dignam-Red_Maple.jpg|thumb|324x324px|Red Maple nke Mary Dignam Mary Ella Dignam (A mụrụ Mary Ella Williams; 1857ń1938) bụ onye Canada na-ese ihe, onye nkuzi, na onye na-ahazi nka nke a na-echeta nke ọma dị ka onye guzobere na onye isi oche mbụ nke Women's Art Association of Canada (WAAC).
Ndụ
A mụrụ Mary Ella Williams na Port Burwell, Ontario na ụbọchị iri na atọ n'ọnwa Jenụwarị 1857. Ọ gụrụ nka na Western School of Art and Design na London, Ontario. N'afọ 1886, ọ gara New York City iji gaa n'ihu na ọzụzụ ya na Art Students League, oge sochiri ya na Paris, France, na ụlọ ọrụ onye na-ese ihe nke Raphaël Collin (1850-1916) na Luc-Olivier Merson (1846-1920) na-eduzi.
N'afọ 1886, Dignam guzobere Women's Art Club, nke mechara ghọọ WAAC. N'oge ọ bụ onye isi ala (1887-1913, 1935-1938), Dignam bụ ihe na-akpali mmepụta nke Cabot Commemorative State Dinner Service. Nke a bụ ihe eji aka mee ihe asatọ, ebe iri abụọ na anọ na-anọchite anya ndị Canada nke ndị otu WAAC mere iji cheta ncheta 400 nke nchọpụta John Cabot nke Canada.
Mgbe ọ laghachiri Canada na 1891, ọ kụziri na ụlọ akwụkwọ nka ụmụ nwanyị na Toronto, Ontario ma mesịa hazie ụlọ ọrụ nka mbụ nke Moulton Ladies' College na Mahadum McMaster. N'afọ 1898, Dignam na Lady Edgar, nwunye onye isi oche nke House of Commons, mere ndokwa ka ndị otu House na Senate tinye $ 1,000 iji zụta ọrụ ahụ, nke e nyere Lady Aberdeen n'ụzọ ziri ezi n'oge di ya na-emecha ọrụ ya dị ka Gọvanọ General nke Canada. O mechara nyere aka hazie International Society of Women Painters and Sculptors na n'afọ 1900, hiwere ihe ngosi nka mba ụwa nke ụmụ nwanyị mbụ na-akpọ ndị otu Women's Art Association & Women's International Art.
Dignam bụ onye otu Art Association nke Montreal (1886-1931), Ontario Society of Artists (1883-1912), Royal Canadian Academy of Arts (1883-1924), na Toronto Industrial Exhibition (1891-1900). E gosipụtara ọrụ ya na Canada na New York, London, na Paris. Dignam gosipụtara ọrụ ya na Palace of Fine Arts na 1893 World's Columbian Exposition na Chicago, Illinois.
Ọnwụ
Ọ nwụrụ na mkpụrụ ụbọchị isii n'ọnwa Septemba 1938 na Toronto, Ontario.
Mpaghara ọchịchị Ugwu Nasarawa
Mpaghara ọchịchị Mgbago Ugwu N'ekpuchi gọọmenti ọchịchị ime obodo atọ bụ Akwanga, Eggon na Wamba. Akwanga bụ isi ụlọ ọrụ (ebe nchịkọta) nke mpaghara ọchịchị ugwu Nasarawa. Onye na -anọchite anya mpaghara ugbu a bụ Godiya Akwashiki nke otu ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị All Progressives Congress, APC.
Ebensidee
Òtù:Ȯra Nasarawa
Lagos Lawn Tennis Club
Lagos Lawn Tennis Club (e guzobere n'afọ 1895) bụ klọb kachasị ochie na Naịjirịa. Klọb nwere ohere nnabata nke square mita puku iri na ano, dị na ọnụ ọgụgụ ụlọ nke iri na abụọ nke Tafawa Balewa, na ọdọ mmiri Lagos.
klob lawn tennis nke Lagos na-akwado ma ọ bụ chikota ọtụtụ asọmpi tennis tinyere asọmpi iko onye  isi ọchịchị Gọvanọ (GCLT), asọmpi ITF Pro-Circuit kwa afọ na ego nrite dọla otu narị puku n'ihi ọ bụ̀ nke a kacha mara amara.
Ílú
thumb thumb Ílú bu ihe ókwú nke mádu màchàrà, náa sị, nke kwàdòrò na ihe mkpà ihe mádu ne jé na ùwà. Ha bùkwà ihe échìchè. Ílù na byá shí omenala ndi madu nílé na asụsụ nílé. Omenala nílé nwèrè ílú.
Kikelomo Longe
Kikelomo Longe nke a makwaara dị ka Kike bụ kọmishọna na-ahụ maka [Ụlọ Ọrụ]] Ahịa na Itinye Ego, Ogun Steeti.
Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ
Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ ndekọ ego na Mahadum Lagos UNILAG wee jírí ogo Bsc. na Akụntịnị klas nke abụọ n'elu wee guchaa.
Ọrụ
Longe bụbu onye isi nke mmekọrịta ndị ọchụnta ego na nchịkwa ego n'otu Njikọ aka Isi obodo Ndi Afrika (ACA). Ọ banyere n'ọgbakọ ahụ na 1999, ma mesịa ruo n'ọkwa osote onye isi ọchịchị. Ọ bụ osote onye isi ọchịchị nke Njikọ aka Isi obodo Ndị Afrika. Ọ bụ ya na-ahụ maka ịzụ ahịa, inye ego na mmekọrịta ndị ọchụnta ego. Ọ malitere ọrụ ya na Deloitte dị ka onye na- azụ akwụkwọ nyocha wee nweta ihe nrite nke mba ugboro abụọ n'ule ntozu wee tozuo dị ka onye na- akwụ ụgwọ ego. Mgbe e mesịrị, ọ sonyeere otu Oke Ime Ihe na Ntukwasi Obi (V&T) dị ka onye na-ahụ maka njikwa ego.
Ebensidee
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Seita Emori
Seita Emori (a mụrụ ya n'afọ 1970 na Kanagawa, Japan) bụ onye sayensị gburugburu ebe obibi nke mba Japan nke ọrụ ya a ma ama na-elekwasị anya na mmetụta ụwa nke Global Warming. Ọ gụsịrị nzere Doctorate ya na Mahadum Tokyo n'afọ 1997 ma mesịa sonye na National Institute for Environmental Studies, ebe ọ bụ ugbu a Chief of the Climate Risk Assessment Research Section na Center for Global Environmental Research. Emori bụ onye edemede na-enye aka na Fourth, Fifth na Sixth Assessment Reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) na onye otu IPCC Steering Committee maka "Expert Meeting on New Scenarios", nke IPCC natara Nobel Prize n'afọ 2007.
Ebensidee
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Ịdị mma mmiri
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|A na-eji ihe nlele rosette maka ịnakọta ihe nlele mmiri na mmiri miri emi, dị ka Great Lakes ma ọ bụ oké osimiri, maka nnwale mmiri. Ọdịdị mmiri na-ezo aka na kemịkal, anụ ahụ, na njirimara nke mmiri dabere na ụkpụrụ nke ojiji ya. A na-ejikarị ya eme ihe site n'ịrụtụ aka n'ụkpụrụ ụkpụrụ nke enwere ike nyochaa nnabata, nke a na-enwetakarị site na ọgwụgwọ mmiri. Ụkpụrụ ndị a na-ejikarị enyocha na nyochaa ịdị mma mmiri na-egosi ahụike nke gburugburu ebe obibi, nchekwa nke kọntaktị mmadụ, oke mmetọ mmiri na ọnọdụ nke mmiri ọṅụṅụ. Ogo mmiri na-enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu na ntinye mmiri na mgbe mgbe na-ekpebi nhọrọ ọkọnọ.
Ụdị
A na-ekpebi paramita maka ịdị mma mmiri site na ebumnuche ebumnuche. Arụ ọrụ na mpaghara nke mmiri dị mma na-elekwasị anya na mmiri a na-agwọ maka ike, ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe / iji ụlọ, ma ọ bụ mweghachi (nke gburugburu ebe obibi, n'ozuzu maka ahụike nke ndụ mmadụ / mmiri).
Ihe oriri mmadụ
thumb|Mmetọ mpaghara na nke mba nke mmiri ọṅụṅụ site na ụdị kemịkal na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị nọ n'ihe ize ndụ nke ikpughe Ihe na-emerụ emerụ nke nwere ike ịdị na mmiri a na-adịghị edozi ya gụnyere microorganisms dị ka nje, protozoa na nje bacteria; mmetọ inorganic dị ka nnu na ọla;  organic kemịkalụ na-emerụ ahụ sitere na usoro mmepụta ihe na iji mmanụ mmanụ;  ọgwụ pesticides na herbicides;  na ihe mmetọ redioaktivu. Ogo mmiri na-adabere n'ihe gbasara mbara ala na gburugburu ebe obibi, yana ojiji mmadụ dị ka nsị nsị, mmetọ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, iji mmiri dị ka ebe a na-ekpo ọkụ, na ịṅụbiga mmanya ókè (nke nwere ike belata ọkwa mmiri).
United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) na-egbochi ọnụọgụgụ nke ụfọdụ mmetọ na mmiri pọmpụ nke usoro mmiri ọha na eze US nyere. Iwu Mmiri Ọṅụṅụ Dị Nchebe na-enye EPA ikike ịnye ụdị ụkpụrụ abụọ:
Iwu ụlọ ọrụ gọọmenti nke U.S. a kpọrọ Food and Drug Administration (FDA) na-esetịpụ ihe mgbochi maka mmetọ na mmiri a na-etinye na karama. Mmiri ọṅụṅụ, gụnyere mmiri a na-etinye na karama, nwere ike ịtụ anya na ọ ga-enwe ma ọ dịkarịa ala obere mmetọ ụfọdụ. Ọnụnọ nke mmetọ ndị a anaghị egosi na mmiri ahụ na-eweta ihe ize ndụ ahụike.
Ibu nke mmiri ọṅụṅụ na-emetọ emetọ na-emetụta ndị na-anọchite anya na ndị na-adịghị ike. Obodo ndị na-enweghị ọrụ mmiri ọṅụṅụ ndị a dị ọcha nọ n'ihe ize ndụ nke ibute ọrịa ndị mmiri na mmetọ dịka ọgbụgbọ na ọgbụgba, afọ ọsịsa, afọ ọnyụju, ịba ọcha n'anya (hepatitis A), typhoid, na polio. Obodo ndị a na-anọkarị n'ebe ndị na-enweta ego dị ala, ebe a na-awụpụ mmiri nsị mmadụ n'ime ọwa mmiri dị nso ma ọ bụ mmiri nsị n'elu n'enweghị ọgwụgwọ zuru ezu, ma ọ bụ jiri ya na ịgba mmiri.
Ojiji ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na ụlọ
Ion ndị a gbazere agbaze nwere ike imetụta ịdị mma nke mmiri maka ọtụtụ ebumnuche ụlọ ọrụ na nke ụlọ. Ihe a maara nke ọma n'ime ndị a bụ ma eleghị anya ọnụnọ nke calcium (Ca2 +) na magnesium (Mg2 +) nke na-egbochi ọrụ nhicha nke ncha, ma nwee ike ịmepụta sulfate siri ike na carbonate dị nro na mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ ma ọ bụ boilers. Enwere ike ime ka mmiri siri ike dị nro iji wepụ ion ndị a. Usoro ime ka ọ dị nro na-anọchi anya sodium cations. Maka ụfọdụ ndị mmadụ, mmiri siri ike nwere ike ịka mma karịa mmiri dị nro n'ihi na nsogbu ahụike ejikọtara ya na ụkọ calcium na sodium karịrị akarị. Mkpa maka calcium na magnesium ndị ọzọ na mmiri na-adabere na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị a na-ekwu maka ya n'ihi na ndị mmadụ na-ejikarị ego ha tụrụ aro site na nri.
Nchịkọta ihe atụ
Enwere ike ime nlele mmiri maka nyocha anụ ahụ ma ọ bụ kemịkal site n'ọtụtụ ụzọ, dabere na izi ezi achọrọ yana njirimara nke mmetọ ahụ. Ụzọ nlere anya na-agụnye dịka ọmụmaatụ nlere anya dị mfe, nlere anya dị iche iche, nhazi usoro na grid sampling, sampling cluster adaptive, grab samples, ọkara na-aga n'ihu na nleba anya na-aga n'ihu, nlele na-agafe agafe, nlele anya, nhụta anya, na nlekota biomonitoring. Ojiji nke samplers na-agafe agafe na-ebelata ọnụ ahịa na mkpa akụrụngwa na ebe nlele.
Patricia Bath
Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ
Amụrụ na afo 1942, na Harlem, New York, Patricia Bath bụ ada Rupert na Gladys Bath. Nna ya bụ onye si Trinidad kwabatara, onye na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ, onye na- ere ahịa na-ere ahịa na onye isi ojii mbụ na-arụ ọrụ maka ụgbọ oloko New York City dị ka onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala. Nna ya kpaliri ịhụnanya o nwere maka ọdịbendị ma gbaa ya ume inyocha omenala dị iche iche. Nne ya sitere na ndị ohu Africa na ndị Cherokee Native America. N'ime oge ọ bụ nwata, ndị mụrụ Bath na-agwakarị ya ka ọ "na-edozi ihe na-erughị [ya] kacha mma" na nkwado ha na agụmakwụkwọ ya gbakwara ya ume. Nne ya, na-agba ume nrọ ya na ịhụnanya sayensị, zụtara ya setịpụ kemistri mbụ ya. Ka ọ na-erule ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, Bath abụrụla onye ọkà mmụta National Science Foundation. Nke a butere nyocha ọrịa kansa na-enweta atụmatụ ihu ihu na New York Times. Patricia na nwanne ya nwoke gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Charles Evans Hughes ebe ụmụ akwụkwọ abụọ ahụ mere nke ọma na sayensị na mgbakọ na mwepụ.
Site n'ike mmụọ nsọ Albert Schweitzer 'ọrụ na nkà mmụta ọgwụ, Bath etinyere ma nweta a National Science Foundation Scholarship mgbe ọ na-aga ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị; nke a mere ka ọ rụọ ọrụ nyocha na Mahadum Yeshiva na Ụlọ Ọgwụ Harlem na-amụ njikọ n'etiti ọrịa cancer, nri na-edozi ahụ, na nchekasị. N'ime mmemme okpomọkụ a, nke Rabbi Moses D. Tendler na-edu, Bath amụwo mmetụta nke ihe fọdụrụ na streptomycin na nje bacteria. Site na nke a, o nwere ike ikwubi na ọrịa kansa, n'onwe ya, bụ ọrịa catabolic na uto tumor bụ ihe mgbaàmà. Ọ chọpụtakwara usoro mgbakọ na mwepụ nke a ga-eji buru amụma uto mkpụrụ ndụ kansa. Onye isi nke mmemme nchọcha ghọtara ihe nchoputa ya pụtara wee bipụta ya n'akwụkwọ sayensị. Ekekọrịtakwara nchọpụta ya na International Fifth Congress of Nutrition na ọdịda nke afo 1960.
Ịdị mma mmiri
Nsogbu
Usoro nnwale mmiri na-ewebata nsogbu abụọ dị mkpa:
Patricia Bath
Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ
Na afo 1960, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asatọ, Bath meriri "Award Award" nke magazin Mademoiselle maka ntinye aka na ọrụ ahụ.
Ịdị mma mmiri
Nsogbu
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Nchịkọta mmiri a chịkọtara n'aka (nchịkọta) maka nyocha Nchekwa nlele nwere ike dozie nsogbu nke abụọ. Usoro a na-emekarị bụ idobe ihe nlele oyi iji mee ka ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ mmeghachi omume kemịkal na mgbanwe nke oge belata, na nyochaa ihe nlele ahụ ozugbo enwere ike; ma nke a na-ebelata mgbanwe ndị ahụ kama igbochi ha. Usoro bara uru maka ịchọpụta mmetụta nke arịa ihe nlele n'oge igbu oge n'etiti nchịkọta na nyocha gụnyere nkwadebe maka ihe nlele abụọ na-emepụta tupu ihe omume nlele. Otu akpa akpa jupụtara na mmiri amaara site na nyocha gara aga na enweghị ọnụọgụ kemịkalụ mmasị a na-achọpụta. A na-emeghe ihe nlele a, nke a na-akpọ "oghere", maka ikpughe na ikuku mgbe a na-anakọta ihe atụ nke mmasị, wee megharịa ya ma buga ya n'ụlọ nyocha na ihe nlele maka nyocha iji chọpụta ma nchịkọta ma ọ bụ njide nlele ewebata ego ọ bụla nwere ike ịlele. kemịkalụ mmasị. A na-anakọta ihe atụ artificial nke abụọ site na nlele nke mmasị, ma emesịa "spiked" na ọnụọgụ ọzọ nke kemịkalụ mmasị n'oge nchịkọta. A na-ebu oghere (nchịkwa na-adịghị mma) na spiked sample (nchịkwa dị mma) na nlele nke mmasị ma nyochaa ya site n'otu ụzọ ahụ n'otu oge iji chọpụta mgbanwe ọ bụla na-egosi uru ma ọ bụ mfu n'oge oge gafere n'etiti nchịkọta na nyocha..
Patricia Bath
Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ
Bath nwetara nzere bachelọ nke Arts na kemistri na kọleji Hunter nke Manhattan na afo 1964. Ọ kwagara Washington, DC ịga Howard University College of Medicine. Afọ ọhụrụ ya na Howard dabara na Iwu ikike obodo nke 1964. O mebere otu Student National Medical Association wee bụrụ onye isi ala nwanyị mbụ ya na afo 1965. Na nyere ya onyinye nturu ugo nturu ugo gọọmentị mba ofesi maka ime nyocha na Belgrade, Yugoslavia, n'oge okpomọkụ nke afo 1967, ebe nyocha ya lekwasịrị anya na ịwa ahụ ụmụaka. Ihe pụtara ìhè nke emume nturu ugo bụ nzukọ Earl Warren, onye ọka ikpe nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke United States, na Ụlọ Ọrụ Embassy US na Belgrade. na nsọpụrụ na Mahadum Howard University College of Medicine na afo 1968. Enyere ya ihe nrite Edwin Watson maka Ọkachamma na Ophthalmology site n'aka onye ndụmọdụ ya, Lois A. Young.
Ogbugbu nke Martin Luther King Jr., na afo 1968, mere ka Bath raara onwe ya nye iji nweta otu n'ime nrọ nke Eze, ya bụ inye ndị mmadụ ike site na mgbasa ozi ndị ogbenye. Ọ haziri ma duru ụmụ akwụkwọ ahụike Mahadum Howard n'inye ọrụ nlekọta ahụike afọ ofufo na mkpọsa ndị ogbenye na mbilite n'ọnwụ n'oge okpomọkụ nke afo 1968.
Bath laghachiri na obodo Harlem ya wee banye na Harlem Hospital Center, bụ nke ka jikọtara na kọleji Mahadum Columbia nke ndị dibịa na ndị dọkịta na-awa ahụ. N'oge nkuzi ya, ọ hụrụ ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ndị kpuru ìsì na ụlọ ọgwụ Harlem ma e jiri ya tụnyere ndị ọrịa nọ na ụlọ ọgwụ anya nke Mahadum Columbia. Tupu ịmalite ọmụmụ akwụkwọ obibi ophthalmology ya na NYU na afo 1970, enyere Bath onyinye otu afọ site na Mahadum Columbia iji mụọ ma nye aka na ọrụ nlekọta anya na Harlem Hospital. Ọ malitere ịnakọta data gbasara kpuru ìsì na ọhụhụ na ụlọ ọgwụ Harlem, nke na-enweghị ndị dọkịta anya na ndị ọrụ. Ihe omuma ya na oke ochicho ya mere ka ndi prọfesọ ya si Columbia kwenye ka ha malite ịwa ndị ọrịa kpuru ìsì, na-akwụghị ụgwọ, na Harlem Hospital Center. Bath nwere mpako ịnọ na ndị otu Columbia bụ ndị rụrụ ịwa ahụ anya mbụ na Harlem Hospital na Nọvemba afo 1969.
Bath jere ozi ebe obibi ya na ophthalmology na Mahadum New York, site na afo 1970 ruo afo 1973, onye America izizi mere ya. Ọ lụrụ di ma mụọ nwa nwanyị Eraka na afo 1972. Mgbe o mechara obibi ya na NYU, Bath malitere mmemme mmekọrịta Corneal na Mahadum Columbia, bụ nke lekwasịrị anya na transplantation corneal na ịwa ahụ keratoprosthesis (afo 1973 ruo afo 1974). Mgbe ọ bụ onye ibe ya, ma UCLA Jules Stein Eye Institute na Mahadum Charles R. Drew kpọbatara ya ka ọ chọta usoro ebe obibi ophthalmology na Martin Luther King, Jr. Hospital. Ọ malitere ọrụ ya na Los Angeles, na-aghọ nwanyị mbụ dọkịta anya na ngalaba na Jules Stein Eye Institute na UCLA. Mgbe a jụrụ ya onye onye ndụmọdụ ya, Bath zara site n'ikwu na mmekọrịta ya na dibia bekee Dr. Cecil Marquez kpaliri ya ịchụso ọrụ a kpọmkwem. A họpụtara ya osote onye isi nke King-Drew-UCLA Ophthalmology Residency Programme na 1974, ma bụrụ onye isi na afo 1983.
N'ụlọ ọrụ abụọ a, Bath ruru n'ọkwa nke prọfesọ osote. Na UCLA, o hiwere Ophthalmic Assistant Training Programme (OATP) na afo 1978. Ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na OATP bụ ndị ọrụ dị mkpa iji nye nyocha, agụmakwụkwọ ahụike, na nkwado maka atụmatụ mgbochi kpuru ìsì.
Mgbe na UCLA Jules Stein Eye Institute, Bath guzobere Keratoprosthesis Programme iji nye ọgwụgwọ ịwa ahụ dị elu maka ndị ọrịa kpuru ìsì. Mmemme a na-aga n'ihu taa ka ndị KPRO na ọtụtụ puku ndị ọrịa ejirila teknụzụ ọhụrụ eweghachite anya ha. Dabere na nyocha ya na mmezu ya na keratoprosthesis, a họọrọ Bath ka ọ na-eduzi ọmụmụ ihe mbụ nke keratoprosthesis nke mba na afo 1983.
N'afọ 1983, a họpụtara Bath Onye isi oche nke Mmemme obibi Ophthalmology nke KING-DREW-UCLA, bụrụ nwanyị mbụ na US ga-eduzi mmemme obibi ophthalmology.
Mgbe ọ nọ na UCLA, Bath chọrọ ịchụso nyocha, ọ bụ ezie na ụlọ ọrụ ahụike mba na National Eye Institute jụrụ inye onyinye na akụrụngwa. Ọ bụ mgbe ahụ ka o kpebiri ịchọkwu ụlọ nyocha kacha mma n'ụwa, iji kwado atụmatụ ya maka imepụta ihe ọhụrụ na ụwa nke ophthalmology. N'afọ 1986, Bath họpụtara ka ọ were ụbọchị izu ikele site na ọrụ nlekọta ahụike na nhazi yana itinye uche na nyocha. Ọ gbara arụkwaghịm n'ọkwa ya dị ka onye isi oche nke ophthalmology wee soro nchụso nyocha ya dị ka prọfesọ nleta na ụlọ ọrụ kacha mma na France, England na Germany. Na France, ọ jere ozi dị ka onye prọfesọ nleta na Rothschild Eye Institute of Paris na Onye isi, Daniele Aron-Rosa. Na England, ọ jere ozi dị ka prọfesọ nleta na Prọfesọ Emmony na Loughborough Institute of Technology. Na Germany, ọ jere ozi dị ka onye prọfesọ nleta na Mahadum Free Berlin na ebe nlekọta ahụike laser.
Na afo 1993, Bath lara ezumike nká na UCLA, nke mechara họpụta ya nwanyị mbụ na ndị ọrụ nsọpụrụ ya.
Bath jere ozi dị ka prọfesọ nke ophthalmology na Howard University's School of Medicine na dị ka onye prọfesọ nke telemedicine na ophthalmology na St. Georges University mmemme ọzụzụ ophthalmology. N'ịbụ onye na-akwadosi ike maka telemedicine, Dr. Bath akwadola mmepụta ihe ọhụrụ nke labs mebere, dịka akụkụ nke usoro ọmụmụ na mmemme ọzụzụ ụlọ obibi ophthalmology, iji nye ndị dọkịta na-awa ahụ ahụmahụ dị mma karị, mere site na 3D imaging. N'ime edemede nke Dr. Bath dere, na Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, o gosila na site na ọzụzụ na nlekọta dị mma na mmemme ebe obibi, ụmụ akwụkwọ nwere ike nweta nsonaazụ dị mma na ịwa ahụ ha, na-eduga n'ọhụụ ka ukwuu.
Bath agụọla nkuzi na mba ụwa wee dee akwụkwọ karịrị out Nari.
Ọmụmụ kpuru ìsì na ophthalmology obodo
Dabere na nlebanya ya na ụlọ ọgwụ Harlem, Bath bipụtara akwụkwọ sayensị mbụ na-egosi oke kpuru ìsì n'etiti ndị isi ojii. Bath chọpụtakwara na ndị Africa America nwere ọrịa glaucoma ji okpukpu asatọ karịa nke na-akpata kpuru ìsì.
Dabere na nyocha ya, Bath sụrụ ụzọ ọzụzụ zuru ụwa ọnụ nke "Ophthalmology Community" na afo 1976 mgbe nyochachara ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrịa na-efe efe nke kpuru ìsì n'etiti ndị na-enweghị ọrụ n'ime obodo mepere emepe na US yana ndị na-enweghị ọrụ na "nke atọ- ụwa" obodo. A kọwara ophthalmology obodo dị ka ọzụzụ ọhụrụ na ọgwụ na-akwalite ahụ ike anya na mgbochi kpuru site na mmemme na-eji usoro ahụike ọha, ọgwụ obodo na ophthalmology iji weta nlekọta anya dị mkpa nye ndị mmadụ na-enweghị ọrụ.
Ọrụ enyemaka mmadụ
Site na nzukọ a, Bath gara Tanzania na afo 2005, ebe cataracts aghọwo ihe na-ebute kpuru ìsì nwata n'oge a. N'Africa, Ụlọ Ọrụ America Maka Mgbochi nke Ìsì nyere kọmputa na ihe ndị ọzọ dijitalụ maka ụmụ akwụkwọ na-ahụ anya, kpọmkwem na Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Mwereni maka ndị ìsì na Tanzania na St. Oda School maka ndị na-ahụ anya na Kenya.
A makwara Bath maka ọrụ enyemaka ọ na-arụ na ngalaba nke ophthalmology site n'aka Onye isi ala Barack Obama. Na afo 2009, ya na President Obama nọ na ogbo ma tinye ya na ọrụ ya maka ịnweta dijitalụ maka ụmụaka kpuru ìsì.
N'April afo 2019, Bath gbara akaebe na ntị a na-akpọ "Trailblazers and Lost Einsteins: Women Inventors and the Future of American Innovation" na Senate Office Building na Washington DC Ebe a, Bath gosipụtara ọdịiche nwoke na nwanyị na mpaghara STEM na enweghị ndị na-emepụta ihe nwanyị. .
Ihe mepụtara
Na afo 1986, Bath mere nyocha na ụlọ nyocha nke Danièle Aron-Rosa, onye nchọpụta ọsụ ụzọ na lasers na ophthalmology na Rothschild Eye Institute of Paris, na mgbe ahụ na Laser Medical Center na Berlin, ebe o nwere ike ịmalite ọmụmụ ihe mbụ. na ịwa ahụ cataract laser, gụnyere nnwale mbụ ya na fotoablation laser excimer site na iji anya akụ anya mmadụ.
Bath chepụtara okwu ahụ bụ "Laser phaco" maka usoro ahụ, nkenke maka laser PH oto A blative C ataract surgery, wee mepụta laserphaco probe, ngwaọrụ wepụahụike nke na-emeziwanye iji laser cataracts, na "maka ịwa ahụ. na iwepu anya anya cataract. Bath mbụ nwere echiche maka ụdị ngwaọrụ a na 1981, mana etinyeghị akwụkwọ maka patent ruo ọtụtụ afọ ka e mesịrị. Emechara ngwaọrụ a na 1986 ka Bath mechara nyocha na lasers na Berlin wee nweta ikike na afo 1988, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ nwanyị America mbụ sitere na Africa nweta patent maka ebumnuche ahụike.  Ngwaọrụ - nke ngwa ngwa na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ na-enweghị mgbu na-agbaze cataract na laser, na-agba mmiri ma na-ehicha anya ma na-enye ohere ntinye oghere ọhụrụ dị mfe - a na-eji mba ụwa agwọ ọrịa ahụ.    Bath gara n'ihu na-emeziwanye ngwaọrụ ahụ ma weghachite ọhụụ nke ọma na ndị na-enweghị ike ịhụ kemgbe ọtụtụ iri afọ.
Ọnwụ
Bath nwụrụ na Mee 30, 2019, na Mahadum California, San Francisco Medical Center site na nsogbu metụtara ọrịa kansa, dị afọ 76.
Nkwanye ugwu na ihe nrite
Dr. Bath abụrụla onye otu ndị American College of Surgeons site na 1976 ruo 1989, onye otu American Academy of Ophthalmology, yana onye otu American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery na Association for Research in Vision na. Ophthalmology.
Bath ejirila mahadum abụọ sọpụrụ ya. Hunter College debere ya na "ụlọ a ma ama" ya na 1988 na Mahadum Howard kwupụtara na ya "Howard University Pioneer in Academic Medicine" na 1993. E bipụtala ọtụtụ akwụkwọ maka ndị na-eto eto banyere ndụ ya na ọrụ ya na sayensị, gụnyere "Patricia's Vision: The Dọkịta nke zọpụtara anya" nke Michelle Lord; "Patricia Bath na Laser Surgery" nke Ellen Labrecqua, na "Dọkịta nwere anya maka anya: Akụkọ banyere Dr. Patricia Bath" nke Julia Finley Mosca dere, nke ma National National kwuru. Ndị Nkụzi Sayensị Sayensị na Ndekọ Akwụkwọ Ọha nke Chicago nke akwụkwọ ụmụaka kacha mma nke afọ. Ọ bụkwa isiokwu nke obere egwuregwu, "The Prize (banyere Dr. Patricia Bath)" nke Cynthia L. Cooper dere.
Edensibia
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations
Ịdị mma mmiri
Nnyocha na nzaghachi maka ọdachi ndị na-emere onwe ha na ọnọdụ mberede ndị ọzọ
thumb|Mmiri nnwale na Gulf of Mexico mgbe mmanụ Deepwater Horizon wụpụrụ Mgbe ihe omume ndị dị ka ala ọma jijiji na tsunami gasịrị, ụlọ ọrụ enyemaka na-emeghachi omume ozugbo ka ọrụ enyemaka na'ihu iji gbalịa iweghachi akụrụngwa dị mkpa ma nye ihe ndị dị mkpa dị mkpa maka ndụ na mgbake na-esote. Egwu nke ọrịa na-abawanye nke ukwuu n'ihi ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ndị mmadụ bi nso, mgbe mgbe n'ọnọdụ ọjọọ, na enweghị ịdị ọcha kwesịrị ekwesị.
Mgbe ọdachi sitere n'okike gasịrị, dịka nyocha mmiri dị mma, enwere echiche zuru oke banyere ụzọ kachasị mma ị ga-eme ma nwee ike iji ụzọ dịgasị iche iche. Isi ihe dị mkpa nke mmiri dị mma nke ọ dị mkpa ka a dozie na mberede bụ ihe na-egosi nje bacteria nke mmetọ nsị, chlorine fọdụrụ n'efu, pH, turbidity na ikekwe conductivity / total dissolved solids. E nwere ọtụtụ ụzọ e si emebi ihe.