cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Tawny Gray
Adams bụ akụkụ nke The Imaginary Beings Art Collective, otu ndị na-ese ihe na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ iji mepụta ọrụ nka. Site na nchịkọta a, ọ chịkọtara ọtụtụ ihe omume nka gburugburu ụwa gụnyere The End of a World na Transcendence and Transformation.
Ihe edeturu
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Dean Fourie
Ọrụ
N'afọ 2015, ọ pụtara na British BBC docudrama The Gamechangers nke Owen Harris duziri. N'ihe nkiri ahụ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ nkwado 'Ray Reiser'.
N'afọ 2018, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka 'Inspector' na ihe nkiri Action Point. N'afọ 2019, ọ sonyeere ihe nkiri telivishọn Welcome to Murdertown na ọrụ nkwado 'Ken Leighty'.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Ngalaba Ọhịa West Bengal
Ngalaba Ọhịa bụ ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị nke Gọọmentị West Bengal na-achị.
Ìgwè Ndị Ozi
Ngalaba a dị na Arayna Bhawan na Salt Lake, Kolkata. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ maka oke ohia na anụ ọhịa na West Bengal. Dị ka o kwesịrị ịdị, e mewokwa mgbanwe na Forest Organisation, n'ịtụle mkpa nchịkwa nke ugbu a iji gboo gamut nke ọrụ nke oke ọhịa na njikwa anụ ọhịa, nchikota nke njikwa oke ọhịa dị iche iche na mpaghara agro ihu igwe na igbu ọchụ n'ụzọ dị ukwuu. nnukwu ihe omume metụtara ọha / ugbo / ime obodo na mpaghara na-abụghị ọhịa nke steeti. N'afọ 1974, West Bengal Forest Development Corporation Ltd. malitere maka oke iwe ihe ubi nke oke ọhịa, imepụta ebe ndị njem nlegharị anya ọhụrụ, mmepụta na ịzụ ahịa ngwaahịa ọhịa na ihe omume jikọrọ ya. Nlekọta nke West Bengal Forest Development Corporation Limited n'ọkwa dị iche iche bụ ndị isi nke Forest Directorate na nnọchite anya.
Minista na-ahụ maka ugbu a bụ Jyotipriya Mallick kemgbe 2021 na minista nke steeti bụ Birbaha Hansda.
Joy Ogbonne Eze
Joy Ogbonne Eze (amuru na ọnwa 6 June 2004) bu onye ebuli elu Naijiria. Ọ bụ onye nwetara ihe nrite ọla edo na mmemme 64kg nke ụmụ nwanyị na egwuregwu mba Africa nke afọ 2019 na Rabat, Morocco na asọmpi ịdị arọ nke Africa 2021 na Nairobi, Kenya.
Ọrụ
Ọ meriri ihe nrite ọla n'ime mmemme dị ọcha & n'azụ na mmemme 71 n'arọ ụmụ nwanyị na asọmpi ịdị arọ ụwa nke 2021 emere na Tashkent, Uzbekistan. Ọ meriri n'ọkwa 6 n'asọmpi a. O debere ndekọ ntorobịa ọhụrụ na ọcha & jerk na mkpokọta. Emekwara asọmpi ịdị arọ nke Commonwealth nke afọ 2021 n'otu oge na nsonaazụ ya nyere ya ihe nrite ọla edo na mmemme a. N'ihi ya, ọ tozuru ịsọ mpi na 2022 Commonwealth Games na Birmingham, England.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Takyiwaa Manuh
Takyiwaa Manuh (amụrụ na Mee 1952) bụ onye nkuzi na onye edemede nke Ghana. Ọ bụ Prọfesọ Emerita nke Mahadum Ghana, ma ruo mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká na Mee 2017, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nduzi nke ngalaba Social Development Policy Division, nke United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (ECA), nke dị na Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Ọ bụkwa onye nduzi nke Institute of African Studies, Mahadum Ghana site na 2002 ruo 2009. Ọ bụ onye otu Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences.
Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Manuh na May 1952 na Kumasi nke dị na mpaghara Ashanti nke Ghana nye James Kwesi Manuh, bụ́ onye na-arụ ọrụ nri, na Madam Akosua Akyaa, onye na-ere ahịa mgbe ahụ na Ankaase, obodo dị nso na Kumasi. Ọzụzụ nwata ya malitere n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Methodist Ankaase mgbe ya na nne nne ya bi. Mgbe ọ nọ na klas nke mbụ, a kpọgara ya n'Adum Presby School, bụ ebe ọ malitekwara klas ọzọ. Ọ malitere klas nke mbụ nke ugboro atọ mgbe e mesịrị ziga ya na Penworth Kindergarten. Manuh gara n'ihu gụọ akwụkwọ praịmarị ya na ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị Kwame Nkrumah nke Sayensị na Nkà na ụzụ (KNUST) dị na Kumasi, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ banyere Wesley Girls' High School, Cape Coast, maka ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị. Ọ gara n'ihu n'agụmakwụkwọ ya na mahadum Ghana, ebe ọ nwetara nzere bachelọ nke iwu (LLB) na 1974. N'afọ 1978, e nyere ya nzere masters na iwu na mahadum Dar es Salaam. O mechara gawa nzere doctorate na Anthropology na Mahadum Indiana Bloomington, gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 2000. Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Samia Abbou
Samia Hamouda Abbou (Arabic: عبودة, amụrụ na 3 Nọvemba 1965) bụ onye ọka iwu na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Tunisia. N'abalị iri abụọ na asaa n'ọnwa Disemba n'afọ 2011, ọ nọchiri Moncef Marzouki na Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu mgbe ọ malitere ọrụ dị ka onye isi ala nke Tunisia.
Tupu mgbanwe nke Tunisia, ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị guzobere ma sonye na Congress for the Republic (CPR) na 2006. Ọ lụrụ Mohamed Abbou, onye jere ozi dị ka osote praịm minista maka mgbanwe nchịkwa na Jebali Cabinet ruo June 2012. N'abalị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ puku abụọ na iri na atọ, ha abụọ hapụrụ CPR wee guzobe Democratic Current na Mee.
Na ntuli aka ndị omeiwu nke afọ 2014 ọ bụ onye isi nke ndepụta pati ya na mpaghara Tunis I ma nwee ihe ịga nke ọma n'ịhọpụta ya ọzọ na Nzukọ nke ndị nnọchi anya ndị mmadụ.
Akụkọ ndụ
Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ praịmarị na sekọndrị na Tebourba, wee sonye na Faculty of Law and Political Science na Tunis ruo mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 2010.
Onye otu Constituent Assembly, na-anọchi Moncef Marzouki, site na 27 Disemba 2011.
Ọ hapụrụ Congress maka Republic na 2013 wee sonye n'ụlọ ikpe Democratic, n'okpuru agba nke a họpụtara ya na Assembly of People's Representatives na ntuli aka nke 26 Ọktoba 2014 na votu 5,404.
N'afọ 2014, e ji akara nke knight nke Tunisian Order of Merit chọọ ya mma.
Ebenside
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Deolinda Kinzimba
Deolinda Inês Caetano Kinzimba (a mụrụ na 11 Mee 1995) bụ onye na-agụ egwu na onye na-ede egwu na onye Angola. thumb|áká_ịkẹngạ
Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Kinzimba na Luanda ma too na Ingombota. O kwuru na o nwere obi ụtọ n'oge ọ bụ nwata ma nwee mmasị na egwu site na nwata. Mmetụta ya gụnyere Phyllis Hyman na Selena Quintanilla. Kinzimba biri na Tanzania mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ụma n'ihi na o nwere nwanne nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ n'ụlọ ọrụ nnọchiteanya Angola. Ọ kwagara Guimarães, Portugal n'afọ 2014 iji mụọ ihe na iji nwee ohere ka mma. Kinzimba gara akwụkwọ iwu na Porto.
E wepụtara egwu mbụ ya, "Primeira Vez", n'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2016. N'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2017, ọ wepụtara abọm mbụ ya akpọrọ onwe ya. "Deolinda Kinzimba" natara kpakpando atọ na ọkara site na Sábado, na-eto mmetụta na arụmọrụ Kimzimba ma na-akatọ amụma nke ndekọ ahụ. N'agbanyeghị nke ahụ, magazin ahụ kwuru na ọ bụ ezigbo mmalite na ọtụtụ egwu siri ike. O sonyere na Festival RTP da Canção 2017, na oku nke onye na-ede egwu Rita Redshoes, wee ruo na ngwụcha nke ihe omume ahụ.
Edemsibịa
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Purity Cherotich Rionoripo
Purity Cherotich Rionoripo (amụrụ na 10 June 1993) bụ onye Kenya na-agba ọsọ ogologo oge.
O meriri Copenhagen Half Marathon na 2015 na 1:08:29 yana Lisbon Marathon na 2:25:09 awa. O ruru ihe kacha mma ya n'afọ 2017 site na mmeri na Paris Marathon
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Joan Metelerkamp
Joan Metelerkamp (amụrụ na afo 1956), bụ onye na-ede uri South Afrika. Amụrụ ya na Pretoria na afo 1956 wee tolite na Kwazulu-Natal. Ọ bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ akwụkwọ uri New Coin site na afo 2000 ruo afo 2003.
Edensibia
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Mimi Hafida
Mimi Hafida (amụrụ na 26 Ọgọọst 1965, Batna, Algeria ) bụ onye Algeria na-ede uri, onye nta akụkọ na onye na-ese ihe. O nwetara Prix Mohammed Dib n'afọ 2010 n'asụsụ Arabic maka nchịkọta ya, "Tales of the Aures"
"Tales of the Aures" bụ nchịkọta akụkọ, niile metụtara nchegbu ụmụaka na ọkachasị, nhụjuanya ha. Hafida abụrụla onye nta akụkọ na-agbasa ozi na Radio Aurès(fr) na Batna. A makwaara Hafida dị ka onye na-akpụ ihe, ọkachasị maka ọrụ ya site na iji pini Safety. Ọrụ ya a maara nke ọma bụ nchịkọta nke pini nchekwa na-emepụta nwanyị.
Edensibia
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Kwankwaso
thumb|Davou Kwa kwado (cropped).jpg Rabi'u Musa Kwankwaso, FNSE, FNIQS (amuru 21 Ọktoba 1956) bu onye ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị Naijiria nke bu Gọvanọ steeti Kano site na 1999 rue 2003 na 2011 rue 2015. Mgbe o meriri nhọpụta ya ọzọ na 2003, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye minista na-ahụ maka nchekwa nke anọ nke anọ na-enweghị ọrụ agha mbụ site na 2003 ruo 2007, n'okpuru ọchịchị onye isi ala Olusegun Obasanjo. E mechara họpụta ya na Senate na 2015, na-eje ozi otu okwu n'okpuru ikpo okwu nke All Progressives Congress (APC) na-anọchite anya Kano Central Senatorial District.
Ugbua ọ bụ onye isi otu pati New Nigeria Peoples Party n'ala anyị. Kwankwaso nwere nkwado zuru ebe niile na Kano na ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Naijiria ; a na-ele ya anya dị ka onye na- adọrọ mmasị populist. N'afọ 2011, a họpụtara ya ọzọ ka ọ bụrụ gọvanọ steeti ahụ wee banye n'otu All Progressives Congress (APC) n'afọ 2014. Na 2015, Kwankwaso enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma n'ịzọ ọkwa onyeisiala n'okpuru ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị All Progressive Congress, mana Muhammad Buhari meriri. N'afọ 2018, ọ laghachiri na People's Democratic Party (PDP) wee zọọ ọkwa onyeisiala na Atiku Abubakar meriri.
Ezinụlọ
Rabiu Musa Kwankwaso A mụrụ na iri abụọ na ọtu Ọktoba 1956 na Kwankwaso, obodo dị na Madobi, na Sunni Muslim Fulani ezinụlọ. Nna ya bụ onye isi obodo. Kwankwaso nwere echichi Sarkin Fulani, Dagacin Kwankwaso; e buliri ya ka ọ bụrụ onye isi obodo Madobi na aha Majidadin Kano, Hakimin Madobi site n'aka Kano Emirate Council of Emir Ado Bayero CFR, LLD, JP.
Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị Kwankwaso, Gwarzo Boarding Senior Praịmarị Skul Wudil Craft Skuul na Kano Technical College tupu ọ gawa Kaduna Polytechnic ebe ọ gụchara akwụkwọ abụọ nke National Diploma, na Higher National Diploma. Kwankwaso bụ onye ndu ụmụ akwụkwọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'oge ụlọ akwụkwọ ya ma bụrụkwa onye a họpụtara ahọpụta na otu ụmụ akwụkwọ steeti Kano. Ọ gakwara akwụkwọ mmụta postgraduate na United Kingdom site na 1982 ruo 1983 na Middlesex Polytechnic ; na Loughborough University of Technology ebe ọ nwetara nzere masta na injinia mmiri na 1985. Ọ gbakwara PhD ya na injinịa mmiri na Mahadum Sharda India, na 2022.
Ọrụ mmalite
Kwankwaso sonyeere Kano State Water Resources and Engineering Construction Agency nke Gọọmenti Kano State na 1975. Ọ jere ozi ebe ahụ afọ iri na asaa n'ọrụ dị iche iche wee gbagoro n'ọkwa wee bụrụ onye isi injinia mmiri.
Nbanye na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị
N'afọ 1992, Kwankwaso mere ka ọ bata na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'elu ikpo okwu nke Social Democratic Party (SDP). Ọ bụ onye otu pati People's Front nke SDP nke Ọchịagha Shehu Yar'adua na-edu na ndị ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị ndị ọzọ ama ama dịka onye isi ya mbụ bụ Senator Magaji Abdullahi, Babagana Kingibe, Atiku Abubakar, Bola Tinubu, Tony Anenih, Chuba Okadigbo, Abdullahi Aliyu Sumaila, Abubakar Koko and Lamidi Adedibu amongst others.
Kwankwaso sonyeere PDP na 1998 n'okpuru ikpo okwu People's Democratic Movement na Kano nke Mallam Musa Gwadabe, Senator Hamisu Musa na Alhaji Abdullahi Aliyu Sumaila duziri. N'afọ 1999, ọ zọọrọ ọkwa ọchịchị PDP n'akụkụ Abdullahi Umar Ganduje, Mukthari Zimit, Alhaji Kabiru Rabiu. Ndị Santsi/PSP nọ n'azụ ịzọ ọkwa Abdullahi Umar Ganduje mana Kwankwaso meriri ha na primaries.
Oge nke abụọ
A họpụtara Kwankwaso ọzọ ka ọ bụrụ gọvanọ Kano steeti nke abụọ site na Mee ụbọchị iri abụọ na iteghete, 2011 ruo ụbọchị iri abụọ na iteghete Mee 2015. N'oge a, ọ malitere imegharị usoro ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke Kwankwasiyya: iwu okporo ụzọ, ụlọ ọgwụ na ụlọ akwụkwọ na iziga ndị bi na-aga akwụkwọ na mba ọzọ. N'August 2013, Kwankwaso so na ndị gọvanọ asaa hibere otu G-7 n'ime otu ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị Peoples Democratic Party. N'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2013, Kwankwaso, ya na ndị G-7 ise, gbahapụrụ n'otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ọhụrụ, All Progressives Congress (APC).
Mgbasa ozi onye isi ala 2015
N'Oktober 2014, Kwankwaso ji nnukwu ndị ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị ya na Kano zọọ ọkwa onyeisiala APC. Nsonaazụ primary nke onyeisiala mere na Legọs bụ: Muhammadu Buhari nwere ntuyeaka 3,430, Kwankwaso nwetara ntuyeaka 974, Atiku Abubakar nwetara vootu 954, Rochas Okorocha nwetara vootu narị anọ na Sam Nda-Isiah nwetara vootu iri. Na-abịa na nke abụọ, Kwankwaso kwadoro onye meriri Muhammadu Buhari.
Mịnịsta na-ahụ maka nchekwa
Site n'afọ 2003 ruo 2007, Kwankwaso họpụtara onye minista na-ahụ maka nchekwa n'ọchịchị nke abụọ nke President Olusegun Obasanjo, nọchiri Theophilus Danjuma.
Nhoputa ndi ochichi nke 2007
N'afọ 2007, Kwankwaso gbara arụkwaghịm n'ọkwa minista ya ịzọ ọkwa gọvanọ Kano steeti mana ọ meriri n'ihi na akwụkwọ ọcha gọọmentị boro ya ebubo. Alhaji Ahmed Garba Bichi mechara dochie ya dịka onye ga-azọ ọkwa gọvanọ na pati ahụ. Ka ha merichara otu pati ya ịzọ ọkwa ntuliaka 2007, onye isi ala Olusegun Obasanjo họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchi anya pụrụiche na Somalia na Darfur ; Onye isi ala Umaru Yar'Adua mechara họpụta ya ka ọ bụrụ onye isi oche nke Niger Delta Development Commission, ọkwa ọ gbara arụkwaghịm na 2010.
Onye omebe iwu nke Naijiria
thumb| Ìgwè ndị na-akwado (ndị okpu na-acha uhie uhie pụrụ iche) na nraranye nke Kwankwaso dị ka Gọvanọ [[Nkeji Ochíchííwu Kano|Kano steeti na onye ndu kacha elu nke echiche Kwankwasiyya, 29 May 2011.]] Kwankwaso nọchitere anya Kano Central Senatorial District na Senate nke Nigeria site na Mee 2015 ruo Mee 2019.
Ịmepụta National Movement
Na 22 February 2022, Kwankwaso hibere National Movement ka ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-emegide ikike ọnụnọ nke otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị abụọ All Progressives Congress na Peoples Democratic Party. Ọ kwadoro New Nigeria Peoples Party dị ka nku ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke mmegharị ahụ wee bụrụ onye isi obodo nke pati ahụ na 30 Maachị 2022.
Akụrụngwa na agụmakwụkwọ
Ihe e ji mara oge Kwankwaso nọ n'ọchịchị nwere ọtụtụ ihe a ma ama. N'oge mbụ ọ nọ n'ọchịchị dịka Gọvanọ (1999 ruo 2003), o hiwere Mahadum Sayensị na Nkà na ụzụ Kano dị na Wudil, mahadum mbụ na naanị steeti dị na Kano n'oge ahụ. N'oge ọchịchị ya nke abụọ (2011 ruo 2015), Kwankwaso hibere mahadum North West, Kano, mahadum steeti nke abụọ na Kano. O guzobekwara ụlọ akwụkwọ ọzụzụ mmụta na mmepe mmadụ iri abụọ na isii ma site na ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị a a zụrụ ihe karịrị puku ndị ntorobịa na ụmụ nwanyị 360,000 ma nyekwa ha ike. Ọ bụ gọvanọ mbụ na Naijiria webatara nri ụlọ akwụkwọ n'efu na uwe maka ụmụ akwụkwọ praịmarị. Nke a mụbara ọnụ ọgụgụ ndebanye aha ụlọ akwụkwọ site na nde 1 na 2011 ruo ihe karịrị nde 3 na 2015 mgbe ọ hapụrụ ọrụ.
Mmasị ya maka agụmakwụkwọ mere ka ewebata agụmakwụkwọ n'efu n'ọkwa niile na steeti ahụ wee hụ na e nwetara ihe nkuzi na mmụta zuru oke. O hiwere ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị 230 nke nwere kọleji teknụzụ 47, ụlọ akwụkwọ mmụta Islam 44, kọleji China, kọleji French na kọleji izizi ụmụ nwanyị yana kọleji ụmụ nwoke na Damagaran na Niamey jikọrọ aka na gọọmentị Niger Republic. N'ime afọ anọ ọ dị ka gọvanọ Kano steeti, o nyela ihe karịrị puku abụọ na narị isii akwụkwọ mmụta postgraduate na mahadum mba ofesi na mba iri na anọ n'ụwa niile. Nke a bụ mgbakwunye na agụmakwụkwọ mahadum nkeonwe dị na Nigeria.
N'akụkụ akụrụngwa maka oge mbụ na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Northern Nigeria, a rụrụ àkwà mmiri atọ na-efe efe, 5 A na-arụ okporo ụzọ nwere ọkụ abụọ nke kilomita na mpaghara ọchịchị 44 dị na Kano, ma rụọkwa àkwà mmiri abụọ dị n'okpuru. Kwankwaso malitekwara ikpuchi mmiri mmiri na taịlị ndị na-ejikọta ọnụ na steeti ahụ, gụnyere mkpuchi nke osimiri Jakara nke na-agafe obodo Kano nwere okporo ụzọ abụọ, nke mere ka ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi na ịdị ọcha nke obodo Kano dum dịkwuo mma. Kwankwaso arụkwara ọtụtụ ụlọ na ala n'ọkwa nke mbụ na nke abụọ n'ọchịchị. Obodo atọ nke ọgbara ọhụrụ, Kwankwasiyya, Amana na Bandirawo bụ nke e wuru ihe dị ka narị ụlọ atọ nwere ọrụ dị iche iche a na-erere ọha mmadụ. Ewuola ihe dị ka ụlọ 1500 ma nyekwa ndị obodo dara ogbenye na ndị ọdachi dakwasịrị n'ime obodo n'efu.
Ọrụ ebere
Ka ọ hapụchara ọkwa gọvanọ, Engr Kwankwaso hibere otu atumatu Kwankwasiyya Development Foundation (KDF) bụ atụmatụ e mere iji nyere ndị obodo Kano steeti na n'ofe Naịjirịa niile aka. Site na ntọala ahụ, Kwankwaso kwadoro ọtụtụ ndị na-eto eto ka ha gaa n'ihu na agụmakwụkwọ site na enyemaka ego na-aga n'ihu. Nkeji mbụ nke mmadụ 370 ga-erite uru na ntọala ntọala mba ofesi laghachiri na Nigeria na 2021 ka ha mechachara nzere ha nke ọma. Mgbe ha gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ọkà mmụta ahụ nwetara ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche nke mba na mba dị iche iche dị ka Dangote na Bua, nke sitere na Kwankwasiyya Development Foundation kwadoro.
Mgbe a jụrụ ya ihe mere o ji malite ntọala ahụ, Kwankwaso kwuru na ihe kpatara ya bụ nanị iji kwalite ịgụ na ide na ibelata oke ịda ogbenye na steeti Kano na Naijiria n'ozuzu. Iji kwado ntọala ahụ, Kwankwaso rere ihe onwunwe ya ma nye ego ahụ na ntọala ahụ.
Mahmud
Mahmud bụ transliteration nke nwoke Arabic nyere aha محمود (Maḥmūd), nke a na-ahụkarị n'ọtụtụ akụkụ nke ụwa Alakụba. O sitere na mgbọrọgwụ Arabic triconsonantal Ḥ-M-D, nke pụtara otuto, tinyere Muhammad.
Kwankwaso
Ọrụ ebere
Na 64th ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya na 2020, Kwankwaso mepere ụlọ akwụkwọ ikike ụmụ akwụkwọ 300 nke o wuru na Rano local government, Kano. Ụlọ akwụkwọ a nwere ike anyanwụ ma nwee ụlọ mgbochi ụlọ klaasị isii. Ewubere ụlọ akwụkwọ a site na KDF kwekọrọ n'ọhụụ Kwankwaso na ebumnuche ịkwado agụmakwụkwọ.
Nrụrụ aka
Na 9 Maachị 2004, onye ọka ikpe Kano steeti ṅụụrụ iyi na kọmitii nyocha mmadụ isii nke nọ n'isi Hon. Justice Ahmed Badamasi ka onyeisi oche ka ọ jụọ ajụjụ maka ọrụ Kwankwaso. Kọmishọna ahụ malitere ịnọdụ na 19 Maachị 2004 wee wepụta akụkọ ya na ka gọọmentị wepụta akwụkwọ ọcha n'ọnwa Nọvemba 2004, mgbe e boro ya ebubo.
N'afọ 2015, otu Concerned Kano State Workers and Pensioners otu gbara akwụkwọ n'ụlọọrụ Economic and Financial Crimes Commission na-ekwu na Kwankwaso dara iwu Kano State Pension and Gratuity Law nke 2007 ozugbo tupu ọ hapụ ọrụ n'isi mbụ n'afọ 2015. Dịka otu a siri kwuo, Kwankwaso nyere iwu ka e were ego ezumike nka were rụpụta ụlọ mana o were tinye aka n'ọrụ ụlọ iji kenye ndị otu ya ụlọ. N'ikpeazụ, oke ụlọ na ebubo a na-ebo ebubo n'ụzọ na-ezighị ezi ruru ihe dị ka ijeri naira iri dị ka otu ndị ọrụ na ndị ọrụ ezumike nka na-ahụ maka steeti Kano nke Concerned.
Na 2 Julaị 2015, ọkaikpe Mohammed Yahaya nke ụlọikpe dị elu nke Kano amachibidoro EFCC ijide ma ọ bụ gbochie Kwankwaso na nyocha ya maka ebubo n'ụzọ na-ezighị ezi nke ego ezumike nka nke ijeri naira iri mgbe ọ na-eje ozi dịka gọvanọ Kano State. Mana izu abụọ ka e mesịrị na 16 Julaị 2015, otu ọkaikpe ahụ nọ n'ụlọ ikpe dị elu nke Kano kagburu iwu mbụ o nyere ma nye EFCC ikpe ka ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nwee ike nyochaa, jide na ikpe Kwankwaso. Justice Muhammed Yahaya nwụkwara Kwankwaso N50,000 maka "imefusị oge."
Mgbe e mesịrị na 2016, EFCC gọrọ agọ ma gbaghaa nkwupụta nke ikpe nrụrụ aka ọ bụla na-echere na ikpe megide Kwankwaso. Kwankwaso n'onwe ya gọnarịrị ma jụkwa ebubo nrụrụ aka ọ bụla eboro ya, kọwara ya dị ka naanị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, ihe ọjọọ na ihe na-abụghị eziokwu bụ nke ndị iro ya na ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-akwado iji mebie aha ya na aha ya. Kwankwaso gbara akwụkwọ n'ụlọ ikpe site n'aka onye ọkaiwu ya ka ọ kwụọ ụgwọ maka imebi aha ya.
Edensibia
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations
Magnolia rzedowskiana
Magnolia rzedowskiana bụ ụdị osisi na-agbasa okooko n'ezinụlọ Magnoliaceae. A mụrụ ya na Sierra Madre Oriental nke San Luis Potosí, Querétaro, na Hidalgo steeti dị n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Mexico.
Nkọwa
Magnolia rzedowskiana bụ osisi nwere ike itolite ruo mita 20 n'ogologo. O nwere nnukwu okooko osisi mara mma, nke na-apụta n'ọnwa Eprel na Mee. Osisi na-amị mkpụrụ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ na Septemba.
Ebe a na-ekesa ya
A maara Magnolia rzedowskiana site na ebe atọ na Sierra Madre Oriental - nso La Joya del Hielo na Sierra Gorda nke Querétaro, na Sierra de Xilitla nke San Luis Potosí, na nso Chapulhuacán na Hidalgo. Ụdị ahụ nwere atụmatụ na ọ ga-apụta (EOO) nke 145 km2.
A na-ahụ ya n'ala calcareous n'oké ọhịa igwe ojii dị n'etiti mita 800 na 1,950 n'ịdị elu, gụnyere oké ọhịa oak-Liquidambar styraciflua na Chapulhuacán, na oké ọhịa pine-cypress na La Joya del Hielo.
A na-akụ ya n'akụkụ Hidalgo na Veracruz.
Adenike Akinsemolu
thumb|Adenike Akinsemolu Adenike Adebukola Akinsemolu bụ nwafọ Naijiria bụ onye nkwado na onye na-akwuchitere gburugburu ebe obibi, onye nkuzi, onye edemede na onye ọchụnta ego i ji na-elekọta mmadụ. Ọ bụ onye nkuzi na mahadum nke Obafemi Awolowo (Adeyemi College Campus). A maara Adenike dịka otu n’ime ndị ọkachamara na-ahụ maka nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi.
Magnolia rzedowskiana
Nchekwa
A na-enyocha ọnọdụ nchekwa nke ụdị dị ka ihe nọ n'ihe ize ndụ. O nwere obere ọnụ ọgụgụ na obere ebe. A na-eyi ya egwu na ebe obibi ya ga-efu site na mgbukpọ ọhịa, na ndị mmadụ na-egbutu osisi dum iji nweta okooko ya.
Adenike Akinsemolu
Adenike bụ onye guzobere Green Campus Initiative, ụlọ akwụkwọ izizi nke ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi na Naijiria, na Green Institute, na-enyocha ma na-akwado agụmakwụkwọ.
Ọrụ ya
A mụrụ Adenike na Ondo Steeti, na Naijiria. O nwere nzere Masta na Dọktọreti n'ihe gbasara Maịkrobayọlọji nke gburugburu ebe obibi site na mahadum nke Babcock naFederal University of Technology, nakwazị diplọmanke Postgraduate n'ihe gbasara agụmakwụkwọ na Mahadum nke Obafemi Awolowo. Ya na Clinton Foundation rụkọrọ ọrụ na New York ma mechaa hiwe Green Campus Initiative, nke bụ onye otu n'òtù United Nations.
Akinsemolu bu onye otu Royal Commonwealth Society na onye otu nke National Steering Committee of Sustainable Energy Practitioners Association of Nigeria n’okpuru mịnịstrị n'ahụ maka ọkụ. Ọ bụ onye nrite nke Robert Bosch Stiftung Young Researcher. N'ọnwa Ọktọba nke afọ 2015, o ritere ihe nrita nke Nigeria Energy Awards for Energy Efficiency and Advocacy.
Ọ kwadoro ka e tinye green education and sustainability na usoro mmụta agụmakwụkwọ nke Naịjirịa. N’afọ 2015, ndị Sahara Reporters mere ihe nkiri na Green Journey ya.
Akinsemolu na-arụ ọrụ dika onye na-ah ụ maka mmụta na ihe ọmụmụ na United Nations Sustainable Development Solutions Network, nakwazi Scientific Committee Member of the 6th Annual International Conference on Sustainable Development (ICSD), na Earth Institute, Mahadum nke Columbia. N'afọ 2020, Akinsemolu bipụtara akwụkwọ bụ The Principles of Green and Sustainability Science, nke na-enyocha okwu nkwado na Afrịka.
Green Institute
N'afọ 2015, Akinsemolu guzobere Green Campus Initiative (GCI), ụlọ ọrụ izizi gbasara nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi na Naijiria. A matara usoro nhazi ya n'agba nke anọ nke Green Campuses Conference nke afọ 2015 a na-eme kwa afọ na Mahadum nke Western Cape dị na South Africa tinyekwara nrite ihe onyinye maka mmemme green campus. GCI bụ onye otu UN Sustainable Development Network, nwere ihe karịrị ndị nnọchi anya 500, ma zụọkwa karịa ụmụ akwụkwọ 5,500 gafee ihe ruru mahadum 28 dị na mba dị iche iche. N'afọ 2017, Green Campus Initiative tugharịrị bụrụ Green Institute, ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka nkwado ọzụzụ na nnyocha, nakwazi ụlọ ọrụ na-elekọta ndị mmadụ. Prọfesọ Damilola S. Olawuyi ghọrọ onye isi oche mbụ nke ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ. Ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ na-enye agụmakwụkwọ na nkwado na iwulite azụmaahịa mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, n'usoro izute United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Otu a bụ ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ izizi na Naịjirịa kwụrụ ụgwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ kọleji site na nchịkọta mmemme i kpofu ahịhịa, nke a kpọrọ "Trash for education" na-ebinye ụmụ akwụkwọ ego maka ikpo ahịhịa a nakọtara ha, nke gọọmentị steeti na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ na-azụ ka e mechara.
Okwu metụtara ọha na eze na nkwado
Adenike a kwalitela agụmakwụkwọ nke nwatakịrị nwanyị ma guzobe 'Girl Prize', usoro agụmakwụkwọ n'efu na ndụmọdụ. O tinyere aka na ọrụ enyemaka nke Clinton Foundation ka ala ọma jiji nke afọ 2004 mechara na Indian Ocean ,nakwa Hurricane Katrina na New Orleans.
Ebe m si dee
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ Òtù:Category:Ụmụ nwanyị Naijiria Òtù:Category:Ụmụ nwanyị Naijiria na-eme edemede Òtù:Category:Ụmụ nwanyị Naijiria nọ na mmụta
Verckys Kiamuangana Mateta
Verckys Kiamuangana Mateta (a mụrụ ya n'ụbọchị 19 Mee, n'afọ 1944, Kinshasa, Zaire - 13 Ọktoba 2022) bụ onye egwu (nke bụ isi saxophonist), onye na-ede egwu, onye isi otu, onye na-emepụta ihe ndekọ, na onye isi azụmahịa egwu na Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Ọ bụ ezie na a ma ya ama dị ka onye na-eti egwu nwere nkà ma na-eme nke ọma, ọ ga-abụ na ọ bụ onye ama karịa dị ka "onye Afrịka mbụ nwere akara ndekọ" na maka iwebata ọtụtụ ndị isi egwu Congo na ụwa site na ụlọ ọrụ ndekọ Veve ya na akara ya.
Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ ya dị ka Georges Kiamuangana. O si n'ezinụlọ bara ọgaranya; nna ya bụ onye ọchụnta ego na Leopoldville (nke bụ Kinshasa ugbu a). Ọ mụtara egwu n'ụlọ ụka. Dị ka onye saxophonist, ọ nakweere aha Verckys dabere na onye na-egwu saxophone nke America bụ King Curtis, na-anụ aha "Curtis" dị ka "Verckys".
Ọ bụbu onye otu soukous band TPOK Jazz, nke François Luambo Makiadi duziri, nke na-achịkwa egwu egwu Congo site n'afọ 1950s ruo afọ 1980s.
N'afọ 1969, Verckys Kiamuangana hapụrụ TPOK Jazz wee guzobe otu egwu ya, Orchestre Vévé. Verkys chịkwara ìgwè abụọ ọzọ, nke o nwere: Orchestre Kiam na Orchestre Lipua Lipua. N'ime ndị egwu na-egwuri egwu maka Verkys n'afọ ndị 1970 bụ Nyboma Mwandido na Pepe Kalle. N'oge mmalite afọ 1980 Verckys kwụsịrị egwu egwu, iji chụsoo ọdịmma ndị ọzọ.
N'afọ 2015, Sterns Music wepụtara na MP3 ụdị ọtụtụ n'ime mmepụta nke akara ndekọ nke Verckys's Éditions Vévé (post blọọgụ na-ekwupụta nke a gụnyere akụkọ ndụ nke Verckys).
Odogwu
Odogwu o bụ aha nna. Ndị ama ama nwere aha nna gụnyere:
Carin Visser
Carin Visser bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị South Africa. Kemgbe afọ 2019 ọ na-eje ozi dị ka onye nnọchi anya na-adịgide adịgide na National Council of Provinces. Ọ bụ onye otu ndị nnọchi anya mpaghara North West. Ọ bụ onye otu National Assembly nke South Africa site na 2017 ruo 2018 na onye otu North West Provincial Legislature site na 2018 ruo 2019. Ọ bụkwa onye kansụl obodo nke Tswaing Local Municipality. Visser jere ozi dị ka onye isi oche mpaghara nke Democratic Alliance (DA) site na 2015 ruo 2020.
Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị
Visser tinyere aka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mpaghara nke Sannieshof dị ka onyeisi oche nke otu ndị na-akwụ ụgwọ obodo ahụ. Ọ sonyeere DA ma họpụta ya dịka onye kansụl PR nke Tswaing Local Municipality na ntuli aka obodo nke afọ 2011. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ndú nke pati ahụ na kansụl. A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye isi oche mpaghara nke DA na 2015 ma họpụta ya ọzọ dị ka onye kansụl na 2016.
N'afọ 2017, DA zigara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchi anya pati ahụ na National Assembly. Ọ malitere ọrụ dị ka onye omeiwu na 1 Disemba. N'afọ sochirinụ, a họpụtara Visser na North West Provincial Legislature, na-ejupụta oghere nke arụkwaghịm Joe McGluwa mepụtara. A ṅụrụ ya iyi dị ka MPL na 23 Ọgọst 2018. A họpụtara Visser ka ọ bụrụ onye ndú nke pati ahụ na ndị omeiwu.
Mgbe ntuli aka 2019 gasịrị, ọ si na ndị omeiwu gaa na National Council of Provinces na-anọchite anya North West. Ọ bụ naanị onye nnọchi anya DA na ndị nnọchi anya mpaghara.
N'afọ 2020, ọ kwụsịrị dịka onye isi oche mpaghara DA. A họpụtara onye kansụl Rustenburg DA, Luan Snyders, ka ọ nọchie ya.
Ayobola Kekere-Ekun
Ayobola Kekere-Ekun bụ onye Naijiria na-ese ihe n'oge a.
Ndụ
A mụrụ Ayobola Kekere-Ekun n'afọ 1993 na Lagos, Nigeria. Ọ bụ onye nwere mmasị na nka site na mgbe ọ bụ nwata, nke a kwalitere site na klas na nkwado sitere n'aka nne na nna ya. N'ịkwalite ọdịmma ndị a, Kekere-Ekun họọrọ ịmụ Graphic Design na Mahadum Lagos (UNILAG), Akoka n'afọ 2009, ebe ọ nwetakwara nzere masta ya n'otu ngalaba ahụ n'afọ 2016. Ọ bụ osote onye nkuzi na Ngalaba Creative Arts na Mahadum nke Lagos.
Ayobola Kekere-Ekun na-achụso Ph.D. ya ugbu a, nke malitere na 2018, na Art na Design na Mahadum Johannesburg, South Africa.
Omume nka
Kekere-Ekun na-ejikọta mmasị ya na akara na usoro a na-akpọ paper quilling, iji mepụta ihe ngosi maka ọrụ ya. Ọrụ ya na-egosipụta isiokwu nke nwanyị Naijiria na akụkọ ihe mere eme ya, akụkọ ifo, ike na ịha nhata na mmetụta ha n'ime mmekọrịta Naijiria nke nwere ike ịkpa oke n'ebe ụmụ nwanyị nọ. Ọ na-enyocha nwanyị Naijiria n'ime akụkọ ihe mere eme na nke oge a n'akụkụ isiokwu ndị ọzọ pụrụ iche na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na mpaghara ya.
Kekere-Ekun gosipụtara ọrụ ya na Rele Art Gallery na Lagos, Nigeria (2019); Guns & Rain, Johannesburg, South Africa (2019) na No End Contemporary Art Space (2019) na Johannesburg, South Africa na The Koppel Project Hive (2018) na London, England.
Nyocha
A kọwara ihe ngosi nke Kekere-Ekun "Resilient Lines" 2019 dị ka ihe ngosi dị mkpa nke na-atụle ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke nwanyị n'ime Naịjirịa. Ọ ihe na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a n'oge na-achọ ide n'akụkọ ihe mere eme, ihe nketa nke ụmụ nwanyị na-ese ihe na Naịjirịa nke a na-elegharakarị anya n'oge gara aga. N'ozuzu ya, a na-ahụta ọrụ ya dị ka ihe dị mkpa, n'inye aka na obodo nka nke Naijiria, nke na-achọ ime ememe ụmụ nwanyị na-ese ihe na mba ahụ.
Nsọpụrụ
N'afọ 2018, Kekere-Ekun nwetara ihe nrite maka okike site na The Future Awards Africa (TFAA). N'otu afọ ahụ, ọ nwetakwara onyinye dọla pụkụ ise site n'aka onye na-emepụta egwu, Swizz Beats na onye na-agu egwu, Alicia Keys, nke o ji kwado ihe ngosi ya, "Resilient Lines" na Rele Art Gallery na Lagos, Nigeria. N'afọ 2016, ọ natara onyinye site na The Rele Art Foundation, dịka akụkụ nke mmemme "Young Contemporaries". Ihe nrite ndị ọzọ ọ natara bụ University of Lagos Convocation Prize na 2014 na United States Consulate General 'Women's History Month' Art Contest na 2012. A họpụtala Ayobola Kekere-Ekun dị ka otu n'ime ndị meriri na 2021 "Absa L'Atelier". Ayobola nwetara nsọpụrụ ịnata ụgwọ ọrụ a dabere na onyinye ya na ụwa nka.
Ebensidee
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Ebe mkpofu ahịhịa
Ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa, nke a makwaara dị ka, ebe mkpofu, ebe a tụfuru ahụhịrị, ma ọ bụ ebe mkpofu ihe, bụ saịtị maka ịtụfu ihe ndị mkpocha. Ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa bụ ụdị kachasị ochie na nke a ma ama nke ikpofu ihe, ọ bụ ezie na ikpuchi ihe mkpofu kwa ụbọchị, nke etiti na ya malitere na 1940s. N'oge gara aga, a na-ahapụ ihe mkpofu n'ime oghere ma ọ bụ tụba ya n"ime olulu; na nkà mmụta ihe ochie, nke a maara dị ka midden.
A na-eji ụfọdụ ebe mkpofu ahịhịa maka ebumnuche njikwa mkpofu, dị ka nchekwa nwa oge, nkwado na mbufe, ma ọ bụ maka usoro dị iche iche nke nhazi ihe mkpofu, dị ka nhazi, ọgwụgwọ ma ọ bụ imegharị ihe. Ọ gwụla ma ha kwụsiri ike, ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa nwere ike ịma jijiji siri ike ma ọ bụ mebie ala n'oge ala ọma jijiji. Ozugbo ejuchara, enwere ike ị nwetaghachi mpaghara ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa maka ojiji ndị ọzọ.
Ọrụ
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Otu n'ime ọtụtụ ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa nke Dryden, Ontario, Canada áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|A tụfuru ihe mkpofu n'etiti okporo ụzọ na Karachi Ndị na-arụ ọrụ n'ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa nke ọma maka ihe mkpofu na-adịghị ize ndụ na-emezu nkọwapụta akọwapụtara site na itinye usoro na:
Ha nwekwara ike ikpuchi ihe mkpofu (na-emekarị kwa ụbọchị) na ala ma ọ bụ ụdị ihe ndị ọzọ dị ka woodchips na obere ihe.
N'oge ọrụ nkwakọba ihe, ihe ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ ma ọ bụ ihe ọ̀bà nwere ike ịtụ ihe mkpofu n'ihe ọ̀tùgu mgbe ha rutere na ndị ọrụ nwere ike nyochaa ibu maka ihe mkpofu nke na-ekwekọghị na ụkpụrụ nnabata ihe mkpofu. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ụgbọ ala ndị na-ekpofu ihe na-eji netwọk okporo ụzọ dị ugbu a na-aga n'ihu ihu ma ọ bụ na-arụ ọrụ, ebe ha na-ebupụ ihe dị n'ime ha. Mgbe etinyere ibu, compactors ma ọ bụ bulldozers nwere ike gbasaa ma kpokọta ihe mkpofu na ihu na-arụ ọrụ. Tupu ịhapụ ókèala ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa, ụgbọ ala mkpofu ihe nwere ike ịgafe ebe a na-ehicha wiil. Ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, ha na-alaghachi n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri maka ịtụgharịgharị n'ebughị ibu ha. Usoro ntu ahụ nwere ike ikpokọta ọnụ ọgụgụ na ụda mkpofu na-abata kwa ụbọchị, nke ọdụ data nwere ike idowe maka idekọ ndekọ. Na mgbakwunye na gwongworo, ụfọdụ ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa nwere ike ịnwe akụrụngwa a ga-eji na-ejikwa arịa ụgbọ okporo ígwè. Ojiji nke "ụgbọ okporo ígwè" na-ekwe ka ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa dị n'ebe dịpụrụ adịpụ, na-enweghị nsogbu metụtara ọtụtụ njem ụgbọ ala.
Dị ka ọ na-adịkarị, n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ, a na-ekpuchi ihe mkpofu ahụ na ala ma ọ bụ ihe ndị ọzọ kwa ụbọchị. Ihe mkpuchi mkpofu ndị ọzọ na-agụnye osisi a pịrị apị ma ọ bụ "ihe mkpofu akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ" ndị ọzọ, ọtụtụ ngwaahịa ụfụfụ a na-awụfu, kemịkal "kwesịrị" bio-solids, na blanket nwa oge. Enwere ike ibuli blanket n'ebe ọ dị n'abalị wee wepụ ya n'ụbọchị na-esote tupu etinye ihe mkpofu. A na-akpọ oghere nke ihe mkpofu na ihe mkpuchi na-ebi kwa ụbọchị mkpụrụ ndụ kwa ụbọchị. Nchịkọta ihe mkpofu dị oke mkpa iji gbatịkwuo ndụ nke ebe a na-ekpofu ihe. Ihe ndị dị ka mkpakọ mkpofu, ọkpụrụkpụ mkpofu na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mkpakọ na-agafe n'elu mkpofu na-emetụta ọnụ ọgụgụ mkpofu.
Usoro ndụ nke ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa
Okwu a kpọrọ "ebe mkpofu ahịhịa"na-abụkarị nkenke maka ebe mkpofu obodo ma ọ bụ ebe mkpofu maka ịdị ọcha. Ebu ụzọ webatara ụlọ ọrụ ndị a n'isi mmalite senchiri nke iri abụọ mana ejiri ya mee ihe na 1960s na 1970s, na mbọ iji kpochapụ mkpofu oghere na omume mkpofu "adịghị ọcha" ndị ọzọ. Ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa bụ ụlọ arụrụ arụ nke na-ekewa ma na-egbochi mkpofu. E bu n’obi na-ejupụta ebe a na-edebe ihe ọcha ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ihe na-eme ihe ndụ (bioreactors) nke ụmụ nje ga-akụrisị ahịhịa ahịhịa dị mgbagwoju anya ka ọ bụrụ ogige dị mfe ma na-adịchaghị egbu egbu ka oge na-aga. A ga-ahazi ma rụọ ọrụ reactors ndị a dịka ụkpụrụ na ụkpụrụ iwu siri dị
Ọtụtụ mgbe, ire ure sitere n'ikuku bụ ọkwa mbụ nke a na-agbaji ihe mkpofu na ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa. Ndị a na-esote usoro anọ nke mmebi anaerobic. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ihe organic siri ike n'oge siri ike na-ereka ngwa ngwa ka ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị buru ibu na-emebi emebi ghọọ obere ụmụ irighiri ihe. Ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị a dị ntakịrị na-amalite ịgbaze wee gaa na mmiri mmiri, nke na-esote hydrolysis nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe ndị a, na ogige hydrolyzed ahụ na-enwe mgbanwe na mgbanwe dị ka carbon dioxide (CO2) na methane (CH4), na ihe ndị ọzọ fọdụrụ na mkpofu. usoro siri ike na mmiri mmiri.
N'ime oge mbụ, obere ihe onwunwe na-erute leachate, n'ihi na ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-emebi emebi na-enwe mbelata ngwa ngwa. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọchịchọ oxygen kemịkalụ nke leachate na-abawanye site n'ịba ụba nke ogige ndị na-atụgharị uche ma e jiri ya tụnyere ogige ndị na-emeghachi omume na leachate ahụ. Ntughari nke ọma na nkwụsi ike nke ihe mkpofu na-adabere n'otú microbial bi si arụ ọrụ na syntrophy, ya bụ mmekọrịta nke ndị mmadụ dị iche iche iji nye ibe ha mkpa nri.
Usoro ndụ nke ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa na-agafe usoro ise dị iche iche:
Mgbanwe mbụ (Nkebi nke Mbụ)
Ka a na-etinye ihe mkpofu n'ime ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa, oghere ndị na-abaghị uru nwere oke ikuku oxygen (O2). Site na mkpofu agbakwunyere na kọmpat, ọdịnaya O2 nke ahịhịa bioreactor strata na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ebelata. Ọnụ ọgụgụ microbial na-eto eto, njupụta na-abawanye. Aerobic biodegradation na-achị, ya bụ, onye na-anabata eletrọn mbụ bụ O2.
Sherif Salama
Sherif Salama Hasan (a mụrụ na 12 Julaị 1979 na Cairo) bụ onye Egypt na-eme ihe nkiri. Ọ malitere ọrụ ya n'afọ 1998. Ọ rụrụ ọtụtụ ihe nkiri na usoro TV.
Ebe mkpofu ahịhịa
Mgbanwe (Nzọụkwụ nke Abụọ)
O2 na-emebi ngwa ngwa site na ọnụ ọgụgụ ụmụ irighiri ihe dị ugbu a. O2 na-ebelata na-eduga na obere aerobic na ọnọdụ anaerobic na ọkwa. Ndị isi na-anabata electron n'oge mgbanwe bụ nitrates na sulphates ebe ọ bụ na CO2 na-ewepụ O2 ngwa ngwa na gas effluent.
Ọdịdị acid (Nzọụkwụ nke Atọ)
Hydrolysis nke akụkụ biodegradable nke ihe mkpofu siri ike na-amalite na oge mmepụta acid, nke na-eduga na mkpokọta ngwa ngwa nke volatile fatty acids (VFAs) na leachate. Mmụba nke organic acid na-ebelata pH leachate site na ihe dịka 7.5 ruo 5.6. N'oge a, ihe ndị dị n'etiti dị ka VFAs na-enye aka na ikuku oxygen (COD). A na-agbanwe Long-chain volatile organic acids (VOAs) ka ọ bụrụ acetic acid (C2H4O2), CO2, na hydrogen gas (H2). Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke VFAs na-eme ka ma biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) na ọnụ ọgụgụ VOA, nke na-amalite mmepụta H2 site na nje bacteria fermentative, nke na'akpali uto nke nje bacteria H2-oxidizing. Oge ọgbọ H2 dị mkpụmkpụ n'ihi na ọ zuru ezu na njedebe nke oge mmepụta acid. Mmụba nke biomass nke nje bacteria acidogenic na-abawanye ọnụọgụ nke mmebi nke ihe mkpofu na ihe oriri na-eri nri. Mkpụrụ, nke na-enwekarị mmiri na-agbaze na pH dị ala, nwere ike ịghọ ihe na-agagharị agagharị n'oge a, na-eduga n'ịbawanye oke metal na leachate.
Sherif Salama
Ndụ
A mụrụ ya n'ezinụlọ a ma ama na-etinye aka na nka. Nna ya Salama Hasan bụ onye nduzi ihe nkiri, nwanne ya nwanyị nke okenye Manal Salama bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ ya na Higher institute of theatrical arts ma mesịa malite ọrụ dịka onye na-ese foto. Ọrụ mbụ ya n'ime ihe nkiri bụ na A woman from time of love TV series n'afọ 1998. Ọrụ ya a kachasị mara bụ na Morgan ahmed morgan n'afọ 2007 ya na Adel Emam na Basma, Spies war n'afọ 2009 ya na Menna Shalabi na Bassem Yakhour, Thieves trap n'afọ 2009, The door in the door n'afọ 2011, Napoleon na mahroosa n'afọ 2012 ya na Laila Elwi, mmehie na 2014 ya na Shery Adel, Misunderstanding n'afọ 2015 ya na Cyrine Abdelnour, The black box na 2020 ya na Mona Zaki, Light Shefa Hai, ha lụrụ ụmụ abụọ, Shefa na 2020 ha nwere ụmụ.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Ebe mkpofu ahịhịa
Mmetụta nke methane (Nzọụkwụ nke anọ)
A na-agbanwe ihe ndị dị n'etiti acid (dịka, acetic, propionic, na butyric acid) ka ọ bụrụ CH4 na CO2 site na microorganisms methanogenic. Ka methanogens na-agbari VFAs, pH mmiri mkpofu na-alaghachi na nnọpụiche. Ike nke leachate, nke a na-egosipụta dị ka mkpa oxygen, na-ebelata ngwa ngwa na mmụba na mmepụta CH4 na CO2. Nke a bụ oge kachasị ogologo nke ire ure.
Uto ikpeazụ na nkwụsi ike (Nkebi nke V)
Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọrụ microbiological na-ebelata n'oge ikpeazụ nke ire ure ihe mkpofu ka nnyefe nke ihe oriri na-egbochi mmeghachi omume kemịkal, dịka phosphorus dị na bioavailable na-adịwanye ụkọ. Mmepụta CH4 fọrọ nke nta ka ọ pụọ kpamkpam, na O2 na ụdị oxidized na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-apụta n'olulu gas ka O2 na-abanye n'okpuru site na troposphere. Nke a na-agbanwe ikike oxidation (ORP) na leachate gaa na usoro oxidative. Enwere ike ịmegharị ihe ndị fọdụrụnụ na gas, na ka a na-agbanye ihe ndị dị ndụ; ya bụ, a na-eme ka ihe ndị dị n'ime ala bụrụ ihe ndị dị ka humic.
Mmetụta mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na gburugburu ebe obibi
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|250x250px|Ọrụ nkwakọba ihe na Hawaii. Rịba ama na ebe a na-ejupụta bụ otu, "cell" akọwapụtara nke ọma nakwa na a na-echebe ihe mkpofu (na-ekpughe n'aka ekpe) iji gbochie mmetọ site na leachates na-aga n'okpuru site na nhazi ala. Ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa nwere ike ịkpata ọtụtụ nsogbu. Mgbagwoju anya nke akụrụngwa, dị ka mmebi nke ụzọ ndị ụgbọ ala dị arọ, nwere ike ime. Mmetọ nke okporo ụzọ na mmiri dị n'ógbè ahụ site na wiil na ụgbọala mgbe ha hapụrụ ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa nwere ike ịdị ịrịba ama ma nwee ike ibelata ya site na usoro ịsa ụkwụ. Mmetọ nke gburugburu ebe obibi, dị ka mmetọ nke mmiri dị n'okpuru ala ma ọ bụ aquifers ma ọ bụ mmetọ ala nwere ike ime, yana.
Ịgba Mgbapụta
Mgbe mmiri ozuzo na-ada n'ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa, mmiri na-abanye n'ime ihe mkpofu ma na-emetọ ya na ihe a kwụsịtụrụ na ihe a gbazere agbaze, na-emepụta ihe na-agbaze agbaze. Ọ bụrụ na nke a enweghị, ọ nwere ike imerụ mmiri dị n'okpuru ala. Ebe niile a na-ekpofu ahịhịa n'oge a na-eji ngwakọta nke ihe ndị na-apụghị ịba mmiri nke dị ọtụtụ mita n'ịdị arọ, ebe ndị kwụsiri ike na usoro nchịkọta iji jide ma weghara ihe a. Enwere ike ịgwọ ya ma mee ka ọ pụọ n'anya. Ozugbo ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa jupụtara, a na-emechi ya iji gbochie mmiri ozuzo ịbanye na mmepụta ọhụrụ. Otú ọ dị, liners ga-enwerịrị ogologo ndụ, ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ narị afọ ma ọ bụ karịa. N'ikpeazụ, ihe ọ bụla a na-ekpofu ahịhịa nwere ike ịgbapụta, yabụ a ga-anwale ala dị gburugburu ebe a na-akpofu ahịha iji gbochie mmetọ ka ọ ghara imerụ mmiri n'okpuru ala.
Gas na-ere ure
Nri na-ere ure na ihe ndị ọzọ na-ere ere na-emepụta gas na-ere, ọkachasị CO2 na CH4 site na aerobic na anaerobic decomposition, n'otu n'otu. Usoro abụọ a na-eme n'otu oge n'akụkụ dị iche iche nke ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa. Na mgbakwunye na O2 dịnụ, akụkụ nke gas ga-adịgasị iche, dabere na afọ nke mkpofu, ụdị ihe mkpofu, mmiri na ihe ndị ọzọ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, enwere ike igosi oke gas a na-emepụta n'otu oge dị mfe nke diethyl oxalate nke na-akọwa mmeghachi omume ndị a n'otu ụzọ:
Central Bank nke West African States
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|300x300px|BCEAO bụ ụlọ akụ etiti nke steeti ndị dị na akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ Central Bank of West African States (French: Banque Centrale des États de l'Afrique de l'Ouest, BCEAO) bụ ụlọ akụ dị n'etiti na-ejere mba asatọ dị n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ Afrịka ozi nke na-ekerịta ego CFA franc nke West Africa ma mejupụtara West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA).
Ebe mkpofu ahịhịa
Gas na-ere ure
4 C6H10O4 + 6 H2O → 13 CH4 + 11 CO2
Central Bank nke West African States
Ụlọ akụ ahụ na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'ịmepụta iwu itinye ego ma bụrụ onye otu Alliance for Financial Inclusion.
Ebe mkpofu ahịhịa
Gas na-ere ure
Na nkezi, ihe dị ka ọkara nke oke gas bụ CH4 na obere ihe na-erughị ọkara bụ CO2. Gas ahụ nwekwara ihe dị ka 5% nitrogen (N2), ihe na-erughị 1% hydrogen sulfide (H2S), na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ala nke ihe ndị na-abụghị methane organic compounds (NMOC), ihe dị ka 2700 ppmv. thumb|Ikpofu ihe n'Atens, Gris Gas ndị a na-ekpofu ahịhịa nwere ike ịpụ n'ebe a na-akpofu ahịha wee banye n'ime ikuku na ala gbara ya gburugburu. Methane bụ gas na-ekpo ọkụ, ọ na-enwu ọkụ ma nwee ike ịgbawa agbawa na ụfọdụ concentrations, nke na-eme ka ọ zuo oke maka ọkụ iji mepụta ọkụ eletrik n'ụzọ dị ọcha. Ebe ọ bụ na ihe ọkụkụ na ihe oriri na-emebi emebi na-ewepụta carbon nke e weghaara na ikuku site na photosynthesis, ọ dịghị carbon ọhụrụ na-abanye na okirikiri carbon na ikuku ikuku nke CO2 anaghị emetụta. Carbon dioxide na-ejide okpomọkụ na ikuku, na-enye aka na mgbanwe ihu igwe. N'ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa nke ọma, a na-anakọta gas ma gbanyụọ ya ma ọ bụ weghachite ya maka iji gas a na-akpofu ahịhi.
Central Bank nke West African States
Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Onye bu ya ụzọ, Institut d"Emission de l'Afrique Occidentale Française et du Togo ("ụlọ ọrụ na-ebipụta ihe nke French West Africa na Togo"), ka e guzobere n'afọ 1955 wee ghọọ BCEAO n'afọ 1959. Nkwekọrịta nke guzobere West African Monetary Union (UMOA), nke a bịanyere aka na Mee 12, 1962, nyere BCEAO ikike pụrụ iche ịnye ego dị ka ụlọ akụ etiti maka mba asaa so na ya:
Ebe mkpofu ahịhịa
Vectors
Ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa na-adịghị mma nwere ike ịghọ ihe na-enye nsogbu n'ihi ihe ndị na-ebute ihe dịka òké na ụmụ ahụhụ nke nwere ike ịgbasa ọrịa na-efe efe. Enwere ike ibelata ọbịbịa nke vectors dị otú ahụ site na iji mkpuchi kwa ụbọchị.
Central Bank nke West African States
Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Na June 30, 1962 Mali hapụrụ otu ahụ wee nabata franc Malian dị ka ego mba. Na Disemba 17, 1963 Togo sonyere na UMOA. Na May 30, 1973 Mauritania wepụrụ wee nakwere ouguiya dị ka ego mba. Na February 17, 1984, Mali sonyeghachiri na UMOA.
Ebe mkpofu ahịhịa
Nsogbu ndị ọzọ
thumb|Ìgwè enyí ọhịa na-emekọrịta ihe na ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa na Sri Lanka Nsogbu ndị ọzọ nwere ike ịgụnye nsogbu anụ ọhịa n'ihi ebe obibi na nsogbu ahụike anụmanụ nke sitere na iri ihe mkpofu sitere na ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa, uzuzu, ísì, mmetọ mkpọtụ, na mbelata uru ala mpaghara.
Gas a na-ekpofu ahịhịa
A na-emepụta gas n'ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa n'ihi mgbari anaerobic site na microbes. A na-anakọta gas a ma jiri ya mee ihe n'ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa nke ọma. Ojiji ya sitere na ọkụ ọkụ dị mfe ruo n'iji gas na mmepụta ọkụ eletrik. Nlekota gas na-eme ka ndị ọrụ mara na e nwere ọtụtụ gas na ọkwa dị ize ndụ. Na mba ụfọdụ, iweghachite gas a na-ekpofu ahịhịa dị ukwuu; na United States, dịka ọmụmaatụ, ihe karịrị ebe a na-ekpofu ihe narị asatọ na ịrị ise nwere usoro iweghachite Gas a na-arụ ọrụ. thumb|Mgbasa gas nke ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa na Lake County, Ohio mepụtara
Omume mpaghara
Na European Union, a na-amanye steeti ọ bụla ka ha mee iwu iji mezuo ihe achọrọ na ọrụ nke European Landfill Directive.
Ọtụtụ mba ndị so na EU nwere iwu na-amachibido ma ọ bụ na-egbochi nke ukwuu ikpofu ihe n'ụlọ site na ebe a na-ekpofu ihe.
India
Nchịkọta ihe mkpofu bụ ugbu a usoro bụ isi nke mkpofu obodo na India. India nwekwara ebe a na-atụfu ihe kacha ukwuu n'Eshia na Deonar, Mumbai. Otú ọ dị, nsogbu na-ebilite ugboro ugboro n'ihi mmụba na-atụ egwu nke ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa na njikwa ọjọọ site n'aka ndị ọchịchị. A na-ahụkarị ọkụ n'elu na n'okpuru ala n'ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa n'India n'ime afọ ole na ole gara aga.
United Kingdom
Omume mkpofu na UK agbanweela n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya iji zute ihe ịma aka nke European Landfill Directive. UK ugbu a na-etinye ụtụ isi maka ihe mkpofu na ihe mkpofu biodegradable nke a na-etinyere n'ime ihe mkpofu. Na mgbakwunye na nke a, e guzobere Landfill Allowance Trading Scheme maka ndị ọchịchị mpaghara iji zụọ ahịa ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa na England. Usoro dị iche na-arụ ọrụ na Wales ebe ndị ọchịchị enweghị ike 'azụmahịa' n'etiti onwe ha, mana ha nwere nkwenye a maara dị ka Landfill Allowance Scheme.
United States
Ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi nke steeti ọ bụla na-achịkwa ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa na United States, nke na-eguzobe ntuziaka kacha nta; Otú ọ dị, ọ dịghị nke ọ bụla n'ime ụkpụrụ ndị a nwere ike ịdaba n'okpuru ndị nke United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) setịpụrụ.
Ikike ikikere ikpofu ihe na-ewe n'etiti afọ ise na asaa, na-efu ọtụtụ nde dollar ma chọọ ebe siri ike, injinia na nyocha gburugburu ebe obibi na ngosipụta iji hụ na nchegbu gburugburu ebe obibi ma nchekwa dị.
Isiokwu banyere ụmụ nje
Ọnọdụ nke obodo microbial nke ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa nwere ike ikpebi arụmọrụ ya.
A chọtawo nje bacteria na-agbari plastik n'ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa.
Ihe ndị e ji eme ihe
Otu onye nwere ike ilekọta ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa dị ka isi iyi dị irè na nke bara ụba nke ihe na ike. N'ime mba ndị na-emepe emepe, ndị na-anakọta ihe mkpofu na-achọkarị ihe ndị a ka na-eji eme ihe. N'ọnọdụ azụmahịa, ụlọ ọrụ achọpụtala ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa, ọtụtụ [na-akọwa] amalitela ịghọrọ ihe na ike. Ihe atụ ndị a ma ama gụnyere ụlọ ọrụ na-eweghachi gas. Ụlọ ahịa ndị ọzọ gụnyere ihe na-ere ihe mkpofu nke nwere mgbake ihe arụnyere. A na-eme ka ihe a nwetaghachi site na iji nzacha (electro filter, active-carbon na potassium filter, quench, HCl-washer, SO2-washer, ash-grating, wdg.)
Ihe ndị ọzọ
Na mgbakwunye na mbelata mkpofu na usoro imegharị ihe, enwere ụzọ dị iche iche maka ebe a na-ekpofu ihe, gụnyere ọkụ ọkụ na-ere ihe mkpofu, anaerobic digestion, composting, ọgwụgwọ kemịkal, pyrolysis na plasma arc gasification. Dabere na akụ na ụba na ihe mkpali, enwere ike ime ka ihe ndị a dị mma karịa ebe a na-ekpofu ihe.
Ihe mgbochi
Mba ndị gụnyere Germany, Austria, Sweden, Denmark, Belgium, Netherlands, na Switzerland, amachibido ikpofu ihe mkpofu a na-agwọghị agwọ n'ebe a na-ekpofu. Na mba ndị a, ọ bụ naanị ụfọdụ ihe mkpofu dị ize ndụ, ntụ na-efe efe site na ọkụ ọkụ ma ọ bụ mmepụta kwụsiri ike nke ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụgwọ ndị dị ndụ ka nwere ike itinye.
Abdoul Aziz Ibrahim
Edensibia
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Ụbọchị Ọrụ Ugbo na Mmepe Ime Obodo
N'agbata afọ 2009 na afọ 2012, Ụbọchị Ọrụ Ugbo na Mmepe Ímé Obodo (ARDD) bụ ihe omume a na-eme kwà afọ nkè otu Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), Earth System Science Partnership (ESSP), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Global Forum on Agricultural Research, GFAR), International Federation of Agricultural Producers (IFAP), na International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) jikọtara.