cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Nchịkwa ihe mkpofu
Ịkpọ ọkụ
thumb|Ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ ọkụ nke Tarastejärvi na Tampere, Finland Incineration bụ ụzọ mkpofu nke a na-etinye ihe mkpofu ahịhịa siri ike ka ọkụ wee gbanwee ha ka ọ bụrụ ihe fọdụrụ na gas. Usoro a bara uru maka mkpofu ma mkpofu siri ike nke ime obodo yana ihe siri ike sitere na ọgwụgwọ mmiri mkpofu. Usoro a na-ebelata oke mkpofu siri ike site na pasent 80 ruo 95. A na-akọwa ọkụ ọkụ na usoro ọgwụgwọ mkpofu okpomọkụ ndị ọzọ dị ka "ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ". Ndị na-ere ọkụ na-agbanwe ihe mkpofu ka ọ bụrụ ọkụ, gas, uzuoku, na ntụ.
A na-eme ihe nsure ọkụ ma na obere ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu na nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ. A na-eji ya kpofuo ihe mkpofu siri ike, mmiri mmiri na gas. A na-amata ya dị ka ụzọ bara uru iji kpofuo ụfọdụ ihe mkpofu dị ize ndụ (dịka nsị ọgwụ nje). Incineration bụ ụzọ na-arụrịta ụka nke mkpofu mkpofu, n'ihi okwu ndị dị ka mpụta nke mmetọ ikuku gụnyere oke carbon dioxide.
Ịkụ ọkụ na-adịkarị na mba ndị dị ka Japan ebe ala dị ụkọ, n'ihi na ụlọ ọrụ n'ozuzu anaghị achọ ebe dị ukwuu dị ka nsị. Egwu-na-ike (WtE) ma ọ bụ ike-si-ihe mkpofu (EfW) bụ okwu sara mbara maka ụlọ ọrụ na-ere ihe mkpofu n'ime ọkụ ma ọ bụ igwe ọkụ iji mepụta okpomọkụ, uzuoku ma ọ bụ ọkụ eletrik. Mkpọ ọkụ n'ime ihe nsure ọkụ anaghị adịcha mma mgbe niile yana enweela nchegbu gbasara mmetọ ikuku gas na-esi na mkpokọ ihe nsure ọkụ. Nchegbu pụrụ iche elekwasịla anya na ogige organic na-adịgide adịgide dị ka dioxins, furans, na PAHs, nke enwere ike ịmepụta na nke nwere ike inwe mmetụta dị njọ na gburugburu ebe obibi yana ụfọdụ ọla dị arọ dị ka mercury na lead nke nwere ike ịdaba na usoro ọkụ ọkụ.
Ime ihe ọzọ
thumb|A kụrisịrị ígwè ma tụgharịa ya maka imegharị ya Imegharị ihe bụ omume mgbake akụrụngwa nke na-ezo aka na nchịkọta na ijigharị ihe mkpofu dị ka akpa ihe ọṅụṅụ efu. Usoro a na-agụnye ịkwatu na ijikwa ihe ndị a ga-ewepụ dị ka ihe mkpofu. Enwere otutu uru nke imegharị ihe, yana ọtụtụ teknụzụ ọhụrụ na-eme ka ihe ndị ọzọ megharịa, ọ ga-ekwe omume ime ka ụwa dị ọcha. Imegharị ihe abụghị naanị uru gburugburu ebe obibi kamakwa ọ na-emetụta akụ na ụba. Enwere ike ịme ihe ndị sitere na ihe ndị ahụ ka ọ bụrụ ngwaahịa ọhụrụ. Enwere ike ịnakọta ihe eji emegharị ihe dị iche iche site na mkpofu n'ozuzu site na iji bins na ụgbọ ala nnakọta, usoro a na-akpọ mkpokọta kerbside. N'ime obodo ụfọdụ, a chọrọ onye nwe ihe mkpofu ka ọ kewaa ihe ndị ahụ n'ime blọgụ dị iche iche (dịka maka akwụkwọ, plastik, ọla) tupu nchịkọta ya. N'ime obodo ndị ọzọ, a na-edobe ihe niile enwere ike ịmegharị n'ime otu akpa maka ịnakọta, a na-edozikwa nhazi ahụ ma emesịa na ebe etiti. A maara usoro nke ikpeazụ dị ka "nyogharị otu iyi." thumb|Ebe a na-emegharị ihe na Lappajärvi, [[Finland]] Ngwaahịa ndị a na-ejikarị eme ihe na-agụnye aluminum dị ka ite ihe ọṅụṅụ, ọla kọpa dị ka waya, ígwè sitere na nri na ikuku aerosol, ihe eji eme ígwè ma ọ bụ ngwá ọrụ ochie, taya roba, karama polyethylene na PET, karama iko na ite, katọn akwụkwọ, akwụkwọ akụkọ, akwụkwọ akụkọ. na akwụkwọ dị mfe, na igbe eriri fiberboard.
PVC, LDPE, PP, na PS (lee koodu njirimara resin) nwekwara ike ịmegharị ya. Ihe ndị a na-ejikarị otu ụdị ihe eme ihe, na-eme ka ọ dị mfe ịmegharị ka ọ bụrụ ngwaahịa ọhụrụ. Ntugharị ngwaahịa dị mgbagwoju anya (dịka kọmputa na ngwa eletrọnịkị) siri ike karị, n'ihi nkwusa na nkewa ọzọ achọrọ.
Nchịkọta nke ihe ndị dị ndụ
thumb|Nchịkọta compost na-arụ ọrụ Enwere ike nwetaghachi ihe ndị a na-emezigharị bụ ndị na-emepụta ihe, dị ka ihe ọkụkụ, ihe mkpofu nri, na ngwaahịa akwụkwọ, site na nhazi nhazi na mgbari nri iji mebie ihe ahụ. A na-emegharị ihe ndị sitere na organic dị ka mulch ma ọ bụ compost maka ebumnuche ọrụ ugbo ma ọ bụ nhazi ala. Tụkwasị na nke a, enwere ike ijide gas na-ekpofu ihe site na usoro (dị ka methane) ma jiri ya mee ihe maka ịmepụta ọkụ eletrik na okpomọkụ (CHP / cogeneration) na-eme ka arụmọrụ dịkwuo elu. Enwere ụdị composting na ụzọ mgbaze na teknụzụ dị iche iche. Ha na-adịgasị iche na mgbagwoju anya site n'obo compost dị mfe n'ụlọ ruo na mgbari ụlọ ọrụ dị ukwuu nke mkpofu ụlọ agwakọtara. Ụzọ dị iche iche nke ndakpọ ndu bụ nkewa dị ka ụzọ ikuku ma ọ bụ anaerobic. Ụzọ ụfọdụ na-eji ngwakọ nke ụzọ abụọ a. Mgbari anaerobic nke akụkụ organic nke ihe mkpofu siri ike na-arụ ọrụ na gburugburu ebe obibi karịa mkpofu ahịhịa, ma ọ bụ ọkụ. Ebumnuche nke nhazi usoro ndu na njikwa mkpofu bụ ijikwa ma mee ngwa ngwa usoro okike nke ire ere nke ihe ndị dị ndụ. (Lee mgbake akụrụngwa).
Nweghachi ike
Iweghachi ike site na ihe mkpofu bụ ngbanwe nke ihe mkpofu na-enweghị ike ịmegharị ka ọ bụrụ ọkụ, ọkụ eletrik, ma ọ bụ mmanụ ọkụ site na usoro dị iche iche, gụnyere combustion, gasification, pyrolyzation, mgbaze anaerobic, na mgbake gas. A na-akpọkarị usoro a n'efu-na-ike. Iweghachi ike site na mkpofu bụ akụkụ nke usoro nlekọta mkpofu na-adịghị ize ndụ. Iji mgbake ume iji gbanwee ihe mkpofu na-enweghị ike ịmegharị ka ọ bụrụ ọkụ eletrik na okpomọkụ, na-emepụta isi iyi ume ọhụrụ ma nwee ike ibelata ikuku carbon site na ịkwụsị mkpa ike sitere na isi mmalite yana ibelata ọgbọ methane site na nsị ala. N'ụwa niile, ihe mkpofu na ike bụ 16% nke njikwa mkpofu.
Enwere ike ijikwa ọdịnaya ike nke ngwaahịa mkpofu ozugbo site n'iji ha dị ka mmanụ ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ ozugbo, ma ọ bụ na-apụtaghị ìhè site na ịhazi ha ka ọ bụrụ ụdị mmanụ ọzọ. Usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ sitere na iji ihe mkpofu dị ka isi iyi mmanụ ọkụ maka isi nri ma ọ bụ kpo oku na iji mmanụ gas (lee n'elu), iji mee ka ọkụ ọkụ na-emepụta steam na ọkụ eletrik na turbine. Pyrolysis na gasification bụ ụdị abụọ metụtara ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ ebe ihe mkpofu na-ekpo ọkụ na okpomọkụ dị elu na obere ikuku oxygen. Usoro a na-emekarị n'ime ụgbọ mmiri mechiri emechi n'okpuru nnukwu nrụgide. Pyrolysis nke ihe mkpofu siri ike na-atụgharị ihe ahụ n'ime ngwaahịa siri ike, mmiri mmiri na gas. Enwere ike ịgba mmiri mmiri na gas ọkụ iji mepụta ume ma ọ bụ nụchaa n'ime ngwaahịa kemịkalụ ndị ọzọ (ụlọ nrụpụta kemịkalụ). Enwere ike nụchaa ihe fọdụrụ siri ike (char) ka ọ bụrụ ngwaahịa dị ka carbon na-arụ ọrụ. A na-eji gasification na Plasma arc gasification dị elu iji gbanwee ihe ndị sitere n'okike ozugbo ka ọ bụrụ gas sịntetik (syngas) nke carbon monoxide na hydrogen mejupụtara. A na-ere gas ahụ ọkụ iji mepụta ọkụ eletrik na uzuoku. Nhọrọ ọzọ na pyrolysis bụ oke okpomọkụ na nrụgide mmiri dị oke egwu (hydrothermal monophasic oxidation).
Pyrolysis
A na-ejikarị pyrolysis eme ihe iji gbanwee ọtụtụ ụdị ụlọ na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ka ọ bụrụ mmanụ ụgbọala enwetara. Ụdị ntinye mkpofu dị iche iche (dị ka ihe mkpofu ahịhịa, ihe mkpofu nri, taya) etinyere na usoro pyrolysis nwere ike iwepụta ihe ọzọ na mmanụ ọkụ. Pyrolysis bụ usoro nke thermo-chemical ire ere nke organic ihe site okpomọkụ na enweghị stoichiometric quantities nke oxygen; ire ere na-emepụta gas hydrocarbon dị iche iche. N'oge pyrolysis, ụmụ irighiri ihe na-ama jijiji n'ogo dị elu ruo n'ókè nke na ụmụ irighiri ihe na-amalite ịkụda. Ọnụego nke pyrolysis na-abawanye na okpomọkụ. N'ime ngwa ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, okpomọkụ dị n'elu 430 °C (800 °F).
Pyrolysis nwayọọ na-emepụta gas na unyi siri ike. Pyrolysis na-ekwe nkwa ntụgharị nke biomass mkpofu ka ọ bụrụ mmanụ mmiri bara uru. Pyrolysis nke osisi mkpofu na plastik nwere ike imepụta mmanụ. Ihe siri ike hapụrụ na pyrolysis nwere ọla, iko, aja na pyrolysis coke nke na-adịghị agbanwe gas. E jiri ya tụnyere usoro ịgba ọkụ, ụfọdụ ụdị usoro pyrolysis na-ahapụ ngwaahịa ndị na-emerụ ahụ nke nwere ọla alkali, sọlfọ na chlorine. Otú ọ dị, pyrolysis nke ụfọdụ mkpofu na-emepụta gas nke na-emetụta gburugburu ebe obibi dịka HCl na SO2.
Nweghachi ihe onwunwe
Ngwọta akụrụngwa bụ ntugharị ihe mkpofu n'usoro, nke ezubere maka mkpofu, maka ojiji ọzọ. Ọ bụ nhazi nke ihe eji emegharị ma ọ bụ nwetaghachi ihe na akụrụngwa, ma ọ bụ gbanwee na ike. A na-eme ihe omume ndị a n'ebe a na-eweghachi ihe onwunwe. Iweghachite akụrụngwa abụghị naanị mkpa gburugburu ebe obibi, mana ọ dịkwa ọnụ ahịa. Ọ na-ebelata oke mkpofu maka mkpofu, na-echekwa ohere na ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa, na-echekwa akụ ndị sitere n'okike.
Iweghachi ihe onwunwe (na-emegide njikwa mkpofu) na-eji LCA (nyocha usoro ndụ ndụ) na-anwa ịnye ụzọ ọzọ maka njikwa mkpofu. Maka agwakọta MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) ọtụtụ nchọpụta sara mbara egosila na nchịkwa, ikewapụta isi iyi na nnakọta na-esochi ya site na iji megharịa na imegharị akụkụ nke ndị na-abụghị organic na ume na compost/fatịlaịza mmepụta nke organic ihe site na mgbaze anaerobic ga-abụ. ụzọ amara.
Dị ka ihe atụ nke otú imegharị ihe onwunwe pụrụ isi baa uru, ọtụtụ ihe ndị a tụfuru atụfu nwere ọla ndị a pụrụ ịrụgharịgharị iji nweta uru, dị ka ihe ndị dị na bọọdụ sekit. Enwere ike ịmegharị mkpụ osisi na pallets na ihe nkwakọ ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ ka ọ bụrụ ngwaahịa bara uru maka ịkụ mkpụrụ. Ihe mgbawa ndị a megharịrị nwere ike ikpuchi ụzọ, ụzọ ije, ma ọ bụ ebe egwuregwu.
Nchịkwa nke ihe mkpofu mmiri
Ihe mkpofu mmiri bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke njikwa mkpofu n'ihi na ọ na-esiri ike ịnagide ya. N'adịghị ka ihe mkpofu siri ike, ihe mkpofu mmiri enweghị ike iburu ngwa ngwa ma wepụ ya na gburugburu ebe obibi. Ihe mkpofu mmiri na-agbasa, na-emerụkwa ebe mmiri mmiri ndị ọzọ ngwa ngwa ma ọ bụrụ na ebubata ya na kọntaktị. Ụdị mkpofu a na-abanyekwa n'ime ihe dịka ala na mmiri ala. Nke a na-ebutekwa imetọ osisi, anụmanụ ndị dị na gburugburu ebe obibi, yana ụmụ mmadụ nọ n'ime ebe mmetọ ahụ.
Nagwa Khalil
Nagwa Hussein Khalil bụ minista na-ahụ maka mmekọrịta ọha na eze na mkpuchi n'Ijipt. E duru ya n'iyi ọrụ ka O soro na ndị òtù ọrụ praịm minista Hesham Qandil n'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2012, mgbe mgbanwe ọchịchị nke Ijipt wepụrụ onye isi ala Hosni Mubarak. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị minista nwere onwe ha na kansụl, yana naanị otu n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị abụọ nọ na kansụl.
Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
Khalil nwetara nzere Ph.D. ya na Mahadum Cairo, ebe akpọrọ thesis ya "Nsogbu nke ndị Ijipt ka Agha mba Ụwa nke Abụọ gasịrị".
Ọrụ na-abụghị nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya
Khalil jere ozi dị ka onye otu kọmitii na-achọpụta eziokwu, nke e nyere iwu ịchọpụta ihe ike maọbu ihe ize ndụ ndị mere n'oge Mgbanwe Ijipt nke afọ 2011.
Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya
Na ngwụcha ọnwa Ọgọstụ, Khalil gwara Al-Masry Al-Youm na ụfọdụ ndị otu Ụmụnne ndị Alakụba bịakwutere ya iji mee ka òtù ndị Ụmụnne Alakụba bụrụ nke iwu kwadoro, nke ga-enye ha ohere ime ka ọnọdụ ya bụrụ nke iwu kwadoro ma kwụsị esemokwu banyere okwu ahụ. Otú ọ dị, Khalil kwuru na ha etinyeghị arịrịọ n'ụzọ o kwesịrị, n'ihi na ha na-atụ egwu n'ihi "ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị otu ya, isi mmalite ego na ebumnuche iwu na-akwadoghị ga-ekpughe". Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Harissa
thumb|áká_ịkẹngạ
Harissa (Arabic: harīsa, site na Maghrebi Arabic) bụ ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekwo ekwo, nke a mụrụ na Maghreb. Ihe ndị bụ isi na-eme ya bụ ose na-acha ọbara ọbara, ose Baklouti, ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ na ahịhịa dị ka galik paste, mkpụrụ caraway, mkpụrụ coriander, cumin na mmanụ oliv iji buru ụdị mmanụ na-agbaze. A na-emekwa Rose harissa, nke e ji okooko osisi rose mee.
Okwu mmalite
Dị ka a na-emepụta harissa site na ịkụ chilis, okwu ahụ sitere na ngwaa Arabic, 'harasa' (Arabic) nke pụtara 'ịkụ' ma ọ bụ 'ịkpochapụ.'
Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Dị ka ọ dị na nri ndị Europe, a na-ebubata ose chili na nri Maghrebian site na mgbanwe Columbian, ikekwe n'oge ndị Spain bi na Tunisia n'etiti afọ 1535 na 1574.
Algeria
Na Algeria, a na-agbakwunye harissa na ofe, stews, na couscous. A pụkwara iji Harissa paste mee ihe dị ka ihe na-agbanye anụ ma ọ bụ eggplants. Onye ọzọ dị mkpa na-emepụta ihe bụ mpaghara Annaba nke Algeria, nke bụkwa onye na-azụ ahịa dị mkpa. Dị ka onye edemede akwụkwọ nri Martha Rose Shulman si kwuo, harissa e mepụtara n'oge gara aga na-atọ ụtọ dị iche na nke a na-enye na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ ndị Tunisia na ndị mba ọzọ.
Mba Tunisia
Ntụziaka maka harissa dịgasị iche dabere na ezinụlọ na mpaghara. Mgbanwe nwere ike ịgụnye mgbakwunye nke yabasị na-agba ụka ma ọ bụ mmiri oroma. A na-ere harissa a kwadebere n'ime ite, ite, karama na tubes. A na-akọwa Harissa mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka "ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ nke Tunisia", ọbụnakwa "ihe na'isi ụtọ nke Tunisia ", ma ọ bụ ma ọ dịkarịa ala dị ka "akara nke nri azụ na anụ nke Tunisia". Na Tunisia, a na-eji harissa eme ihe dị ka ihe na anụ (anụ ọkụkọ, anụ ehi, ewu, ma ọ bụ nwa atụrụ) ma ọ bụ nri azụ̀ na akwụkwọ nri, yana dị ka ihe oriri maka couscous. A na-ejikwa ya maka lablabi, ofe chickpea, na fricasse.
Morocco
Nri Moroccan ejirila harissa, na-eji ya dị ka ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ maka tagines, ma ọ bụ mgbe ụfọdụ na-agwakọta ya na efere.
Israel
N'Izrel, harissa bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị maka sabich na shawarma.
Akụrụngwa
Filfel chuma (Hibru), nke a na-akpọkwa pilpelshuma, nke pụtara "pepper garlic", bụ ụdị chili nke nri ndị Juu nke Libya nke yiri harissa. Ọ sitere na nri ndị Libya, [ọnọdụ na achọ] ebe a maara ya dị ka maseer (Arabic: ma ọ bụ مسّير حار mseyer). A makwaara ya site na aha ndị ọzọ dịka filfil mukhalal (فلفل__wol____wol____wol__) na filfil makbos (فلفڵ مكبوس). A na-eme ya site na ose na-atọ ụtọ na nke na-ekpo ọkụ na galik a pịrị apị. A na-agbakwunye ihe ndị ọzọ, dị ka mkpụrụ osisi, cumin, mmiri, oroma na nnu mgbe ụfọdụ.
Ọ na-eje ozi dị ka ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ na dị ka ihe dị na nri dịka salad, anụ, azụ, mkpọ ọka, na osikapa, na nri àkwá dịka shakshouka.
Ebensidee
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations
Echiche nke Iris
Echiche iris bụ echiche nke Richard Lindzen et al. chepụtara na 2001 nke tụrụ aro ka okpomọkụ dị elu n'elu oké osimiri na okpomọkụ ga-eme ka igwe ojii cirrus belata ma si otú a nwekwuo radiation radiation na-agbapụta site na ikuku nke ụwa. Nnyocha ya banyere mgbanwe ndị a hụrụ na igwe ojii na mmetụta ndị a na-emepụta na radieshon infrared wepụtara na mbara igwe n'ihi ya kwadoro echiche ahụ. Nke a na-atụ aro ntanye infrared radieshon bụ echiche na-adịghị mma nke ọkụ mbụ ga-eme ka ọ dị jụụ n'elu. Echiche nke nkwenye bụ na ụbara okpomọkụ dị n'elu oké osimiri ga-eme ka ígwé ojii na-arịwanye elu na mbara igwe na-ebelata radieshon infrared na ya mere nzaghachi dị mma.
Mgbakọ Nandigama
thumb|[[Mgbakọ Nandigama]]
Echiche nke Iris
Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ndị ọzọ mechara nwalee echiche ahụ. Ụfọdụ kwubiri na enweghị ihe akaebe na-akwado echiche ahụ. Ndị ọzọ chọtara ihe àmà na-egosi na ụbara okpomọkụ dị n'elu oké osimiri na-ebelata n'ezie ígwé ojii cirrus mana ha chọpụtara na mmetụta ahụ bụ nzaghachi dị mma kama nzaghachi na-adịghị mma nke Lindzen chepụtara.
Mgbakọ Nandigama
Mpaghara Nzukọ Nzukọ nke Nandigama bụ Mpaghara Ndepụta nke E debere na mpaghara NTR nke Andhra Pradesh nke na-ahọpụta ndị nnọchiteanya na Nzukọ Iwu nke Andhra Preadsh na India. Ọ bụ otu n'ime akụkụ asaa nke Vijayawada Lok Sabha.
Monditoka Jagan Mohana Rao bụ MLA nke ugbu a nke mpaghara ahụ, ebe ọ meriri ntuli aka 2019 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly site na YSR Congress Party. na-erule ubochi iri abuo na ise na onwa Machị n'afo 2019[update], enwere ngụkọta nke ndị na-eme ntụli aka 195,011 na mpaghara ahụ. E guzobere mpaghara ahụ na afo 1955, dịka iwu Delimitation Orders (1955) si dị.
Echiche nke Iris
Nnyocha e mere n'afọ 2007 nke Roy Spencer et al. mere site na iji data satellite emelitere nwere ike ịkwado echiche iris. N'afọ 2011, Lindzen bipụtara nzaghachi nye nkatọ ndị bụ isi. N'afọ 2015, e bipụtara akwụkwọ nke tụgharịrị aro ọzọ na enwere ike inwe "Iris Effect". Ọ tụkwara aro ihe ọ kpọrọ "usoro anụ ahụ ezi uche dị na ya maka mmetụta iris". N'afọ 2017, e bipụtara akwụkwọ nke chọpụtara na "igwe ojii anvil cirrus nke okpomọkụ na-eme ka nzaghachi ihu igwe na-adịghị mma na njikọ siri ike na arụmọrụ mmiri ozuzo". Ọ bụrụ na e kwenyesiri ike mgbe ahụ nchọpụta ahụ ga-akwado ịdị adị nke "Iris Effect".
Franjo Krežma
thumb|Franjo Krežma Franjo Krežma (4 Septemba 1862 - 15 June 1881), nke a makwaara dị ka Franz Krezma na mba ndị na-asụ German, bụ onye na-eme violin na onye na-ede egwu na Croatia.
Ezinụlọ na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ ya na Osijek, Alaeze Ukwu Austria, o gosipụtara mmasị maka egwu n'oge ọ bụ nwata na nkà ya doro anya n'ịkpọ violin ma nye ya aha nke ezigbo violin virtuoso. Mgbe ọ kwagara Zagreb, onye na-eme violin, onye na'ede egwu na onye nduzi Đuro (Gjuro) Eisenhuth kụziiri ya. Krežma mere egwu egwu mbụ ya n'ihu ọha na 10.8.1870 na Sisak, mgbe ọ dị afọ 8, na-akpọ violin ya na nwanne ya nwanyị tọrọ ya dị afọ atọ Anka (mgbe e mesịrị Krežma-Barbot) na-akwado ya na piano. N'ịbụ onye onye na-ede egwu a mụrụ na Zagreb bụ Leopold Alexander Zellner chọpụtara ma tụọ aro ya, ọ banyere na Conservatory nke Vienna, Austria-Hungary mgbe ọ dị afọ 9, dị ka nwa akwụkwọ kachasị nta, malitelarị ide egwu, ma mechaa ọmụmụ ihe tupu ya eruo afọ 13, n'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 1875.
Ọrụ
Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ ya, Krežma malitere ọrụ dị egwu na Europe, nke nwanne ya nwanyị ka na-akwado. Ọ dị afọ iri na isii, a na-enwe mmasị dị ukwuu n'obodo ndị dị na Europe dị ka Rome, Prague, Genoa, Paris na Venice. Na 1 Julaị 1879, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii, ọ ghọrọ onye isi egwu na Benjamin Bilse'sche Kapelle, òtù ndị egwú nke ga-aghọ Berlin Philharmonic n'afọ ndị sochirinụ.
Ọnwụ na ihe nketa
After a successful concert in Frankfurt main, Germany na 6 junu 1881,krezma developed an information of the inner ear which developed into meningitis in the following days. following a belated surgery he never regained consciousness. Onwuru na ubochi iri na ise nke onwa junu n,afo iri na asato.
Ndị egwu a ma ama dị ka Giuseppe Verdi, Henry Vieuxtemps, Franz Liszt bụ ndị a na-akwanyere ùgwù ma na-enwe mmasị dị ka onye na-eme violin na onye na-ede egwu, ọrụ Franjo Krežma dị ndụ, mgbe ọkụ gbara n'ụlọ ndị mụrụ ya bibiri ụfọdụ n'ime ya, tinyere violin ya dị ọnụ ala, ọnụ ọgụgụ otu symphony, ugboro atọ, ọtụtụ njem na ịgba egwu maka ndị egwú, ụfọdụ ọrụ maka ndị na-eme kịrị na ụfọdụ maka violin.
Taa, a na-echeta ya n'aha ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị na site na emume mba ụwa maka ndị na-eto eto na-akpọ ụbọ akwara n'obodo ya bụ Osijek.
Ọrụ ndị a ma ama
Rêverie za violinu na Ukwu orkestar u As-duru (1880)
Ọrụ Snow Ọchịchịrị
Ọrụ ahụ
Ebumnobi mbụ ya bụ inweta ego iji bufee otu ndị nyocha na Greenland. Mgbasa ego nke igwe mmadụ gara nke ọma. E mefuru ego ahụ n'ụzọ bụ isi na njem ụgbọ elu azụmahịa na ịgbara helikopta iji bufee ndị otu ahụ na mpempe ice nke Greenland. Otu n'ime ndị otu ya, onye na-ahụ maka ihu igwe Jason Box, bụ prọfesọ na Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland ma na-arụ ọrụ na Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center. A kpọrọ Peter Sinclair, onye na-ede blọgụ YouTube si Midland, Michigan nke na-eme vidiyo metụtara okpomọkụ ụwa, ka ọ sonye ma mesịa bụrụ onye na-emepụta ọrụ ahụ.
Bill McKibben ga-esonye na ndị otu egwuregwu Greenland. McKibben n'ikpeazụ enweghị ike ime njem ahụ. Magazin Rolling Stone kwadoro Jeff Goodell onye dere otu magazin na ọrụ Box na Dark Snow Project. A kwalitela ọrụ ha na The Weather Channel. Ọ bụrụ na ha nwere ihe ịga nke ọma n'igosi na anwụrụ ọkụ sitere na ọkụ ọhịa nyere aka n'ịgbaze ice nke Greenland, mgbe ahụ Box na-ezube ịgba ume nchịkwa ọkụ ọhịa "site na iwu na-apụtaghị ìhè nke mbelata gas na-ekpo ọkụ. " Ozugbo ha rutere Greenland, "Igbe na-atụ anya ịkwanye n'ime mpempe mmiri dị n'ime ala iji nyochaa carbon ojii na-agbaba n'ígwé nke snow, iji chọpụta ebe ọ na-esi abịa: ọkụ tundra, ikpochapụ ụgbọ mmiri, ma ọ bụ na-emepụta uzuzu sitere na kọntinent, maka ihe atụ".
Inye ego
Igbe mbụ rịọrọ maka ego sitere na mmemme itinye ego ngwa ngwa nke National Science Foundation, mana jụrụ arịrịọ ya. N'ihi ya, oru ngo ahụ emewo ka uche ọhụrụ dị na echiche nke ìgwè mmadụ gbasara ọrụ nyocha. Dị ka N'èzí si kwuo ya, "Ọ bụrụ na ọ ga-apụ, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị nwere ego nwere ike ịmepụta ikpo okwu maka nyocha ndị ọzọ dị nro, ngwa ngwa nke na-adịghị adabere na ụlọ ọrụ ọchịchị.".
Nsonaazụ
N'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2014, Dark Snow Project bipụtara blọọgụ na nchọpụta ụfọdụ, ma kwuo ihe ijuanya gbara ọchịchịrị nke ice Greenland.
Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga
"Soot na-eme ka snow na ice gbaa ọchịchịrị, na-emewanye ike anyanwụ, na-agbakwunye agbaze nke cryosphere. " Soot na-abịa n'otu akụkụ site n'ọkụ ọhịa, nke e nwere ọtụtụ n'ime ya na 2012. Ọzọkwa na 2012, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ akụkụ nile nke Greenland na-agbaze.. Mmụba nke oke ọkụ ọhịa nwere ike ịbụ n'onwe ya n'ihi okpomọkụ ụwa. Jason Box anọwo na-amụ Greenland kemgbe afọ 20.
Mohamed Driss
Mohamed Driss (a mụrụ n'afọ 1944) bụ onye edemede Tunisia, onye na-eme ihe nkiri, na onye nduzi ihe nkiri. Kemgbe afọ 1988 ọ bụ onye nduzi nke National Theatre of Tunisia.
Ọ malitere ọrụ ya n'afọ 1961 ma bụrụ, n'ikpeazụ, onye na-eme ihe nkiri, ma onye na-amụrụ ihe ma onye ọkachamara, nwa akwụkwọ na Tunis na Paris, onye na'emepụta ihe, na onye nduzi. Site n'afọ 1969 ruo afọ 1972, ọ bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-enyere aka na Théâtre de la Tempête nke Jean-Marie Serreau duziri, nke o dere:
"N'oge ahụ, amalitere m igwu egwu n'ihe nkiri ndị Tunisia, mana ọnọdụ ihe nkiri na esemokwu m na-aga n'ihu na ndị na-ahụ maka ya adịghị mma. Otu ụbọchị, n'etiti ịda mbà n'obi, m kpọrọ Serreau na ekwentị ma mee mkpesa maka ọnọdụ m. Ọ gwara m na oge eruola ka ị banye n'ihe nkiri dịka onye ọkachamara. Bịa sonyeere ndị na-eme ihe nkiri".
(Ntụgharị Bekee siri ike): "N'oge a, amalitere m ịrụ ọrụ nke abụọ na ihe nkiri nke Tunisia, mana ọnọdụ nke ihe nkiri na esemokwu m na-aga n'ihu na ndị na-ahụ maka ya adịghị agba ume. Otu ụbọchị n'oké ịda mbà n'obi, enwere m Serreau na ekwentị wee mee mkpesa nye ya maka ọnọdụ m. O kwuru na oge eruola ịmalite ihe nkiri dịka ọkachamara. Bịa sonye na ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri m".
O ji aka ya chụga onwe ya na France ruo n'afọ 1985 wee laghachi Tunisia n'afọ 1988 iji duzie National Theatre of Tunisia mgbe Driss dere Ismaïl Pacha (1986) na Salut l'instit. O mere ihe iji mezigharịa ihe nkiri nke Tunisia ma tinye aka n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi na ọrụ ihe nkiri. Otú ọ dị, Driss nwekwara mmasị n'ụdị nka ndị ọzọ ma, n'afọ 2003, o guzobere National School of Circus Arts-Tunis, nke o kwuru:
"Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ bụ atụmatụ na mkpebi onye isi ala nke na-eme ka ọrụ nka circus nwere ike ịrụ na ọdịbendị ndị Arab pụta ìhè. N'ebe a, e nwere ihe nkiri, egwu, ịgba egwú, nka na ihe nkiri nka".
(Ntụgharị Bekee siri ike): "Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ bụ ọrụ na mkpebi onye isi ala nke na-arụ ọrụ iji mee ka ọrụ nka nke circus na omenala ndị Arab pụta ìhè. N'ime ụlọ ọrụ a bụ ihe nkiri, egwu, ịgba egwu, nka anya na nka circus.
N'afọ 2005, o guzobere National Centre of Circus Arts and Visual Arts ma duzie 12th Theatre Days of Carthage. Driss kwanyekwara ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme Ibn Khaldoun otuto site n'ide opera iji sọpụrụ ya.
Nnadozie Ugonna Ezenwaka
Nnadozie Ugonna Ezenwaka (amụrụ na June 16, 1994) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ.
Mohamed Driss
Edemsibịa
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Nnadozie Ugonna Ezenwaka
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Mmanụ ala (ihe nkiri)
Mmanụ ala (Chinese simplified: 采油日记; Chinese traditional: 採油日記; : ) bụ ihe nkiri nkiri China nke 2008 nke Wang Bing duziri. Emere ya na mpaghara Inner Mongolian nke Ọzara Gobi, ọ na-eso otu ndị ọrụ mmanụ ka ha na-eme ihe ha na-arụ kwa ụbọchị.
Dị ka ihe ngosi mpụta mbụ nke Wang—Tie Xi Qu nke dị awa itoolu: West of the Tracks — Mmanụ crude bụ ihe ama ama maka oke ogologo, na-agba ọsọ ruo nkeji 840 (awa 14). Atụmatụ mbụ ahụ chọrọ ka e mee ihe nkiri nke awa 70, mana Wang chere na a manyere ya itinyekwu njikwa nchịkọta akụkọ ma belata ọrụ ahụ n'ogologo ya ugbu a. Onye nduzi ahụ n'onwe ya dara na ọrịa dị elu wee hapụ ebe ahụ ụbọchị atọ n'ime otu izu; ndị ọrụ ya mechara ihe fọdụrụ na-enweghị ya.
Asụsụ ndị Dakoid
Asụsụ Dakoid bụ alaka nke asụsụ Northern Bantoid a na-asụ na steeti Taraba na Adamawa nke ọwụwa anyanwụ Naịjirịa.
Nchịkọta
Greenberg debere Samba Daka (Daka) n'ime atụmatụ Adamawa ya, dị ka otu G3, mana Bennett (1983) gosipụtara na afọ ojuju zuru oke na ọ bụ asụsụ Benuezongo, ọ bụ ezie na a na-arụ ụka banyere ọnọdụ ya n'ime Benuez Congo. Blench (2010) weere ya dị ka Benueño Congo. Otú ọ dị, Boyd (ms), na-ewere Daka dị ka alaka dịpụrụ adịpụ n'ime Niger Congo (Blench 2008).
Dong (Donga), ọ bụ ezie na o doro anya Niger-Congo, siri ike ịnye nhazi. Enweghị data e bipụtara na Gaa (Tiba), na Taram (nke Ethnologue depụtara dị ka olumba nke Daka) ka a maara naanị site na data anakọtara na 1931 (Blench 2008).
Aha na ebe
N'okpuru ebe a bụ ndepụta nke aha asụsụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ, na ebe sitere na Blench (2019).
Edensibia
Òtù:Asụsụ ndị Naijiria Òtù:Asụsụ ndị Northern Bantoid
Matarasị uwa nke Michigan
thumb|290x290px|Ụlọ ahịa Mattress World, Livonia, Michigan Matarasị uwa, Inc. ma ọ bụ Matarasị uwa nke Michigan bụ ụlọ ahịa matarasị na Michigan na Indiana na Midwestern United States. Isi ụlọ ọrụ ya dị na Genoa Township, Michigan. Ụlọ ahịa na-anọkarị n'onwe ha ma dị n'ime obodo ndị nwere ụlọ ihi ụra kama nnukwu ụlọ ahịa igbe.
Akụkọ ihe mere eme
N'afọ 2002, Matarasị ụwa nwere ụlọ ahịa atọ na Michigan. Matarasị uwa bụ, dị ka akụkọ ngwá ụlọ taa si kwuo, onye na-ere ahịa dị elu maka ụlọ ahịa Matarasị Discounters isii ụmụ na Metro Detroit; Matarasị Diskounters na-apụ n'ahịa Michigan. Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2009, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nwere ebe iri abụọ na abụọ.
Nweta
Na Mee 2009, ọ nwetara ụlọ ahịa Matarasị Gallery asaa na Indianapolis; ụlọ ahịa Matpress Gallery, nke bụbu nke Indianapolis Taa ime ụlọ otu, mechiri n'April 2009. Ụlọ ahịa ahụ meghere ọzọ dị ka ebe Matarasị ụwa na June 2009.
N'afọ 2011, ụlọ ahịa ahụ nwere ụlọ ahịa 28, 21 na Michigan na 7 na Indianapolis. Otu n'ime ụlọ ahịa ya na Michigan dị na Ann Arbor. N'oge ahụ, ọ nwere ndị ọrụ 100.
Na Mee 2011, Art Van ngwá ụlọ nwetara Matarasị uwa nke Michigan nke kwuru na ọ ga-edebe aha Matarasị ụwa na ndị ọrụ. Art Van kwuru na ọ nwere ike ịmegharị ụlọ ahịa ụfọdụ dị ka Art Van PureSleep. Nchịkọta nke Matarasị ụwa nyere Art Van ụlọ ahịa mbụ ya na mpụga Michigan. Ọnụ ego nke nnweta ahụ egosighi. Art Van kenyere Armando Murillo, onye bụbu onye ọrụ nke guzobere ọrụ Pure ụra na mpụga Michigan, dị ka osote onye isi oche na-arụ ọrụ Matarasị uwa.
N'afọ 2013, Matarasị ụwa dara ogbenye, ebe ọtụtụ meghere ọzọ dị ka ụlọ ahịa Art Van ụra dị ọcha.
Ntụaka
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Kholok language
Kulung (Nke a makwaara dị ka Kode, Koode, Kwoode, Pia, Pitiko, Widala, Wurkum) bụ asụsụ Afro-Asiatic a na-asụ na Naịjirịa.
Uwe àkwà
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Àkwà abụọ nwere akwa akwa na-acha nchara nchara. Uwe àkwà, mgbe ụfọdụ a na-asụ uwe àkwà, àkwà ruffle, a ájá ruffle na North America, a valance, ma ọ bụ a valance sheet na British Isles, bụ iberibe ákwà ịchọ mma nke a na-etinye n'etiti matarasị na igbe spring nke àkwà. Ebumnuche nke uwe elu ndị bụ iji mee ka àkwà nwee ọdịdị mara mma n'emeghị ka akụkụ nke igbe ma ọ bụ oghere ọ bụla n'okpuru àkwà nke enwere ike iji mee ihe maka nchekwa. Tụkwasị na nke a, enwere ike iji akpụkpọ ụkwụ àkwà ịchọ mma kpuchie ụkwụ ma melite ndị mere n'oge gara maka ndị kasị ahụ n'ebe nile site n'ime ụmụ ndị nke ụwa ịchọ mma mgbe akwa àkwà anaghị eru n'ala.
Ojiji akụkọ ihe mere eme
N'akụkọ ihe mere eme, a na-eji akwa akwa eme ihe iji gbochie drafts, nke nwere ike ime ka ala ihe ndina jụọ oyi yana iji gbochie uzuzu ịba n'okpuru ihe ndina.
Ntụaka
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Ghanem Zrelly
Ghanem Zrelly (a mụrụ n'abalị 6, ọnwa Disemba, afọ 1984), bụ onye Tunisia na-eme ihe nkiri. A maara ya nke ọma maka ọrụ ya na ihe nkiri Thala My Love, Day of the Falcon, Beauty and the Dogs na In Paradox.
Ọrụ
N'afọ 2007, o mere ihe nkiri izizi ya na ihe nkiri Thirty. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ nkwado nke 'Habib Bourguiba'. N'afọ sochirinụ, o mere ihe nkiri telivishọn mbụ ya na usoro Njoum Ellil ma rụọ ọrụ 'Qais'. N'afọ 2009, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Institut Superieur d' Art Dramatique na Tunisia.
N'afọ 2016, o ritere ihe nrite maka ọrụ nwoke kacha mma maka ọrụ ya 'Mehdi' na ihe nkiri Narcisse nke Sonia Chamkhi duziri n'oge mbipụta nke ise nke Maghrebian Film Festival nke a haziri na Oujda, Morocco.
N'afọ 2017, ọ pụtara na ihe nkiri a ma ama Beauty and the Dogs ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ 'Youssef'. Ihe nkiri ahụ malitere na Cannes Film Festival na ngalaba 'Un Certain Regard'.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Carroll Parrott Blue
Carroll Parrott Blue (August 23, 1943 na December 11, 2019) bụ ónyé America na-eme ihe nkiri, onye nduzi na onye edemede. Dabere na Houston, Texas, ọ bụ akụkụ nke ihe nkírí L.A. Rebellion. A maara ya maka ihe nkiri ya na ọrụ mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta, ọkachasị maka ọrụ ya The Dawn at My Back: Memoir of a Black Texas Upbringing. Blue bụ prọfesọ nyocha na Mahadum Houston. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ iji chekwaa ma mee emume akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ọbọdọ ndị Africa America na Houston.
Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Carroll Parrott Blue na August 23, 1943 na Houston, Texas. Ọ tolitere n'oge nkewa na mpaghara nke atọ nke Houston. N'oge ọ bụ nwata, nne Blue bụ Mollie Carroll Parrott na-arụ ọrụ na màkà òtù ndị dị ka Negro YWCA, Garden Club, Texas Negro Democratic party, na ọtụtụ òtù ụka ndị lụrụ ọgụ màkà ikike ọbọdọ n'oge Civil Rights Era. Blue gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Jack Yates Colored High School.
Blue malitere ịga Mahadum Boston na 1960 wee nweta B.A. ya na akwụkwọ Bekee na 1964. O nwetara MFA ya na mmepụta ihe nkírí na Mahadum California, Los Angeles na 1980.
Ọrụ
Ọrụ ihe ngosi Blue lekwasịrị anya na ụmụ nwanyị nke ndị Afrịka na isiokwu nka anya. Ọrụ ntinye aka multimedia nke Blue sitere na ọrụ akwụkwọ akụkọ ya. Akụkọ ndụ ya The Dawn at my Back, ọrụ nke jikọtara ihe nkírí, ederede na ụdị hypermedia, méré ka ụlọ ọrụ na-enweghị uru The Dawn Project ma mesịa bụrụ Third Ward Storymapping.
Francis Duroy
thumb|Violoniste Francis Duroy Francis Duroy (amụrụ na 12 Septemba 1959) bụ onye na-eme violin na France.
Ihe ndekọ
A mụrụ ya na Charenton-le-Pont, Duroy malitere ọmụmụ egwu ya mgbe ọ dị afọ asatọ na conservatoire à rayonnement régional de Saint-Maur-des-Fossés [fr] ebe a matara ya violin, piano, French horn, ederede na egwu ụlọ. Ọ gara n'ihu na ọmụmụ violin ya na Brussels na Maurice Raskin, mgbe ahụ na Conservatoire national supérieur musique et danse de Lyon, na Véda Reynolds.
N'afọ 1985, Duroy natara agụmakwụkwọ iji mụọ na Banff Centre School of Fines Arts (Canada). Ọ zụlitere nkà ya na nnukwu ndị ọkachamara dịka ndị na-eme violin Zoltán Székely na Ivry Gitlis, onye na-eme violon Raphael Hillyer, onye na na-eme cello Anner Bylsma na onye na-akpọ piano Menahem Pressler.
N'afọ 1986, a họpụtara Duroy ka ọ bụrụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri nke Opéra national de Lyon n'okpuru nduzi nke John Eliot Gardiner na Kent Nagano. Site na 1989 ruo 1991, ọ bụ onye na-eduzi egwu nke Orchestre national de Lyon, Emmanuel Krivine na-edu.
Kemgbe afọ 1992, Duroy nwere ọrụ dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri nke kpọgara ya na kọntinent niile.
N'afọ 2005, o mere njem dị mkpa nke kpọgara ya n'ebe ndị kachasị ukwuu na Japan ma meghee ọnụ ụzọ Eshia. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ na Korea.
N'afọ 2010, Duroy was invited to perform in a recital on the prestigious stage of New York's carnegie Hall .na 2021 ,at the invitation of the Crech Philharmonic orchestra,he gave a recital at the Rudolfinum in Prague.
A na-akpọ Duroy ka ọ bụrụ onye na-egwu egwu n'onwe ya na ọtụtụ ndị na-akụ egwú gburugburu ụwa: Dnipro Philharmonic Orchestra na Kyiv Philharmonical Orchestra (Ukraine), Pohang Symphony Orchestra (Korea), San Luis Potosi Symphony orchestra na Aguascalientes Symphony Orkestra (Mexico), Ribeiro Preto Symphony orkestra (Brazil), Ico Magna Grecia Orchestra (Italy), Baden Bade, Romanian State Orchestra, Opéra de Lyon, Orchestra, Orchestra nke Orchestra, Orkestra, Orchestre National de Lyon, Orkestre Les Orchestra, Vienna, Orchestra na Chamber, Orchestra of Lyon, Orchestre, Orchestra ya bụ Orkestra nke France Orchestra, orchestre, Orchestre L's, Orchestra L's Proviel, Orchestra
Na mgbakwunye na ọrụ egwu ya, Duroy nwere ọrụ nkuzi dị mkpa: ọ bụ prọfesọ ugbu a na Conservatoire à rayonnement régional de Lyon [fr]. A na-akpọkwa ya ka ọ nye nkuzi na Eshia (Japan na Korea) na Europe ma bụrụ onye otu ndị ọka ikpe n'ọtụtụ asọmpi mba ụwa. Duroy bụ onye guzobere - na onye nduzi nka nke Musicalta kemgbe e guzobere ya na 1993.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Nzukọ ndị gọvanọ Naijiria
Nzukọ ndị gọvanọ najira bụ ikpo okwu na-abụghị nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke e mepụtara iji bulie mmekorita n'etiti Ndi govonor najiri ị.
Kamel Touati
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Àkwà na-ekpo ọkụ
thumb|Àkwà na-ekpo ọkụ site na Netherlands thumb|Ihe na-ekpo ọkụ n'ihe ndina nkume nke Bekee thumb|Ihe na-ekpo ọkụ n'àkwà eletrik (nke nwere bulb eletrik na-echebe) na India, 1979 Ihe ndina na-ekpo ọkụ ma ọ bụ ihe na-ekwo ọkụ bụ a na-ahụkarị n'ụlọ na mba ndị nwere oge oyi, ọkachasị na Europe. [ntụgharị dị mkpa] Ọ nwere akpa ígwè, na-etinye ma na-eme ka ọ dị ka efere ukwu nke ụwa ọkpụkpụ nke oge a, nke nwere nzube ná ndị mmadụ n'ihe ndị mere n'oge gara obodo mkpuchi siri ike ma ọ bụ nke a gbawara nke ọma. A ga-eji icheku ọkụ jupụta n'ime efere ahụ ma tinye ya n'okpuru Onye Okike nke eluigwe na ụwa ma ndi mádu ziri mkpuchi nke àkwà, iji mee ka ọ dị ọkụ ma ọ bụ kpọọ ya tupu ejiri ya mee ihe.
E wezụga ihe ize ndụ nke ọkụ, a ghọtara na anwụrụ ọkụ sitere na icheku ọkụ ahụ na-egbu egbu. Dọkịta dụrụ ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ ya ọdụ ka ha zere ihe na-ekpo ọkụ n'àkwà, ma ọ bụ, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, jiri ájá na-ekwo ọkụ dochie anya icheku ọkụ.
Ihe ọzọ na-eme ka àkwà dị ọkụ bụ "ụgbọ ala" (mọnk na French na monaco na Italian, ha abụọ pụtara "mọnk"). O nwere nnukwu ogwe osisi nke na-ekpuchi bọket nke icheku ọkụ, ikekwe na tray ígwè na akwa ígwè iji chebe ihe mkpuchi àkwà site na okpomọkụ.
A na-ejikarị ihe na-ekpo ọkụ n'àkwà eme ihe site n'etiti narị afọ nke iri na asaa ruo mmalite narị afọ nke abụọ. Ha dara n'oge na-adịghị anya site na ịrị elu nke ụzọ ndị ọzọ nke ime ka ụlọ na àkwà dị ọkụ.
A na-ejikwa ite e ji mmiri ọkụ mee. [citation needed]. Site na mbata nke rọba, karama mmiri ọkụ ghọrọ ihe kachasị. Na mbido narị afọ nke 20, blanket eletrik malitere dochie anya ihe ndina na-ekpo ọkụ.
Ntụaka
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Hichem Yacoubi
Hichem Yacoubi (a mụrụ n'April 4, 1964 na Tunis, Tunisia) bụ onye France na-eme ihe nkiri nke a mụrụ na Tunisia nke nwere ọrụ na ihe nkiri A Prophet (na French Un prophète) (2009) nke Jacques Audiard duziri. Ọ gụrụ ihe nkiri (gụnyere ihe ọmụmụ na Actor's Studio) na ịgba egwu. Ọ pụtara n'ọtụtụ ihe nkiri gụnyere ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi nke ya na Daniel Kupferstein duziri ma soro dee ihe nkiri ahụ.
Onye Amụma (Onye Amụma) (2009)
Ọrụ Yacoubi kachasị ọhụrụ bụ dịka onye Arab a tụrụ mkpọrọ aha ya bụ Reyeb onye bụ onye akaebe nke mpụ. Ọ bụ onye akaebe na-emegide onwe ya, dị njikere ịgba akaebe megide otu ndị omempụ Corsican nke onye mkpọrọ ibe ya, César Luciani (Niels Arestrup) na-edu. Luciani, n'enweghị ohere ọ bụla maka ebumnuche ya, debanyere aha onye isi ihe nkiri, Malik El Djebani, iji gbuo Reyeb. Ọ bụ ezie na e gburu onye ahụ na mbido, ọ na-apụta n'ọtụtụ ihe nkiri ahụ dịka ngosipụta nke akọ na uche Malik.
Ụbọchị Afọ Obi Ụtọ (Bon Anniversaire) (2007)
Yacoubi na Daniel Kupferstein duziri Bon Anniversaire (Happy Birthday), ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi nke afọ 2007. O zigara obere ihe ngosi n'afọ 2008 na 18° Festival del Cinema Africano, d'Asia e America Latina, nke gosipụtara ihe nkiri na Ịtali site n'aka ndị Afrịka, Eshia, na Latin America.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Rose Christiane Raponda
thumb|Rose Christiane Raponda Rose Christiane Ossouka Raponda (amụrụ na ubochi nke 30 na onwa June n'afo 1963) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Gabon nke jere ozi dị ka osote onye isi ala nke Gabon kemgbe Jenụwarị 2023, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ osote onyeisiala nwanyị mbụ nke mba ahụ. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka praịm minista nke Gabon site na Julaị 2020 ruo Jenụwarị 2023, ọ bụkwa nwanyị mbụ bụ praịm praịm dinara na mba ahụ. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye isi obodo Libreville ma mesịa bụrụ minista na-ahụ maka nchekwa mba ahụ site na Febụwarị n'afo 2019 wee ruo Julaị 2020.
A mụrụ Raponda na ubochi 30 na onwa June n'afo 1963 na Franceville. Raponda bụ onye otu Mpongwe. Raponda nwetara akara ugo mmụta na akụ na ụba na ego ọha na eze site na Gabonese Institute of Economy and Finance.
Raponda rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi nchịkwa nke akụ na ụba na osote onye isi nchịk nke ụlọ akụ nke Gabon. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka minista na-ahụ maka mmefu ego na ego ọha na eze site na onwa Febụwarị n'afo 2012 ruo Jenụwarị na afo 2014. A họpụtara Raponda ka ọ bụrụ onye isi obodo Libreville na ubochi nke iri abuo na isii na onwa Jenụwarị na afo 2014, na-anọchite anya ndị na-achị Gabonese Democratic Party. Ọ bụ nwanyị mbụ nwere ọkwá ahụ kemgbe 1956 ma jee ozi ruo 2019. Ọ ghọkwara onye isi oche nke United Cities na Local Governments Africa.
N'abalị iri na abụọ n'ọnwa Febụwarị n'afọ 2019, onye isi ala Ali Bongo Ondimba họpụtara Raponda ka ọ bụrụ Minista Nchebe nke Gabon mgbe nnupụisi ahụ dara na Jenụwarị n'afọ 2019. Raponda nọchiri Etienne Massard Kabinda Makaga, onye so na ezinụlọ Bongo, onye gi dere ọkwa ahụ kemgbe afo 2016. N'abalị iri na isii n'ọnwa Julaị na afọ 2020, a họpụtara Raponda dị ka praịm minista nke Gabon, mgbe onye bu ya ụzọ bụ Julien Nkoghe Bekale kwụsịrị. Ọ bụ nwanyị mbụ nwere ọnọdụ ahụ. Nhọpụta ya bụ nke anọ Ondimba mere kemgbe nnupụisi ahụ dara. Nhọpụta ya na-abịa n'oge nsogbu ahụike abụọ na akụ na ụba n'ihi ọrịa COVID-19 na ọdịda nke ọnụahịa mmanụ, otu n'ime isi akụ na ụba nke mba ahụ. Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Ahwai language
Ahwai, nke a na-akpọkwa asụsụ ndị Ndunic (nke bụbu Nandu-Tari), bụ ụyọkọ asụsụ Plateau nke a na'ebe ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nke Fadan Karshi na Sanga LGA, Kaduna State, Nigeria. Ọtụtụ obodo nta dị na ala Ugwu Ahwai na Kaduna Steeti.
Olumba
Blench (2008) kewara ha dị ka asụsụ Ndunic dị iche iche. Otú ọ dị, n'otu afọ ahụ, Ethnologue jikọtara ha dị ka otu asụsụ.
Ahwai bụ okwu a na-akọwa onwe ya nke a na-eji egosiputa ndị na-asụ asụsụ Ndunic atọ ahụ.
Ndun
A makwaara Ndun site na aha Hausa Nandu. Obodo nta Ndun bụ Ànkpòŋ, Anfufalǐm, Ŋ̀bòk, Ànkàrà, Bányìn, na Ungwar Rimi.
N'ime obodo Nince, Kaduna Steeti, ndị Nadeji (Nince) niile akwagala Ndun. Asụsụ Nadej ka na-enweghị akwụkwọ.
Nyeng
Ihe dị ka mmadụ 2,000 na-asụ Nyeng na Adu na obodo nta ndị ọzọ dị na Kaduna Steeti, Naịjirịa. Ndị Nyeng na-ebibu n'ugwu nke siyal n'afọ. Taa, obodo ha bụ: Roger Blench na Barau Kato chịkọtara ndepụta okwu nke Nyeng na 2003.
Shakara
Ebe obibi ndị Shakara bụ Jije Fyal, Nggwakum, Akayi, Apɔhɔt, Telehwe, Kobo, Koba, Nggwa Dauda, Nggwa Mangoro, Nggwa Igyan, Barib, na mbụ Nggwa Yiri (nke a na-ebighị ugbu a).
Aha na ebe
N'okpuru ebe a bụ ndepụta nke aha asụsụ Ndunic, ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ, na ebe sitere na Blench (2019).
Miya language
Ụdị ngwaa
Ngwaa Miya morphology bụ nke kachasị elu, ebe onye mbụ nwoke nwere ụda dị elu.
Victor Osimhen
Victor James Osimhen (amụrụ na 29 Disemba 1998) bụ onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ dị ka onye na-agbachitere Serie A klọb Napoli na ndị otu mba Naijiria.
A mụrụ ya na Naijiria, Osimhen malitere ọrụ ya dị elu na Germany na VfL Wolfsburg na 2017. Mgbe otu oge na ọkara gachara na klọb ahụ, ọ kwagara n'akụkụ Belgian Charleroi na mgbazinye na 2018 na 19, tupu ọ kwaga France na Lille. N'afọ 2020, Osimhen gafere na klọb Serie A Napoli maka ego ndekọ klọb nke € 70 nde. O meriri ihe nrite Serie A Egwuregwu ntorobịa kacha mma na oge 2021.
Osimhen meriri Ọla edo Ihe nrite buut na 2015 FIFA U-17 Iko Mbaụwa, nke Naịjirịa meriri. O mere nke mbụ ya na mba ụwa na June 2017 wee gbaa bọọlụ na 2019 Iko Mba Afrịka.
Oge ọ malitere
A mụrụ Osimhen na LagosOlusosun ebe o tolitere) nne na nna si Edo Steeti. Ka ọ na-etolite, onye ọ na-agba bọọlụ bụ Didier Drogba.
Ọrụ klọb
Osimhen malitere ọrụ ya na Nke kacha Ndị na-eti ihe Ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ, nke dị na Lagos, Nigeria. Na Jenụwarị 2016, mgbe a chọpụtara maka arụmọrụ ya na 2015 FIFA U-17 Iko Mbaụwa, Osimhen kwenyesiri ike na nkwekọrịta tupu ya na VfL Wolfsburg, na-ekwu na ọ ga-esonye na klọb ahụ na Jenụwarụ 2017.
VfL Wolfsburg
Na Jenụwarị 5, 2017, Osimhen bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ atọ na ọkara na klọb ahụ, nke ga-adịgide ruo June 2020. N'ịbụ onye merụrụ ahụ mgbe ọ bịarutere, Na 13 Mee, Osimhen mere nke mbụ ya na Bundesliga maka Wolfsburg, na-abịa dị ka onye nnọchi anya na nkeji nke 59 na 1o1 ise megide Borussia Mönchengladbach. Osimhen bịakwara n'izu na-esote n'egwuregwu dị mkpa megide Hamburger SV, n'ihe bụ ụbọchị egwuregwu ikpeazụ nke oge 2016 Xi.17. Ọ nọchiri onye na-agbachitere Sebastian Jung na akara jikọtara 1o1, Hamburg wee gbaa onye mmeri n'azụ oge iji gafee Wolfsburg na tebụl, na-eziga Wolfsburg ka ọ gaa na Eintracht Braunschweig. Osimhen nọ na ndị otu maka egwuregwu abụọ ahụ, na-enweta cameo na njedebe nke akụkụ nke abụọ na ntinye Wolfsburg na Bundesliga na-esote gosipụtara, ka ha meriri 2o 0 na ngụkọta.
A kpọrọ Osimhen aha na 12 n'ime ndị otu 17 na ọkara mbụ nke oge 2017 na 1918, na-apụta na egwuregwu 5. O nwetara nke mbụ ya zuru oke na Bundesliga na 28 Jenụwarị 2018 megide Hannover, na-egwu nkeji 90 zuru ezu na mmeri ha. Osimhen bidoro ugboro abụọ ọzọ n'ime mkpọsa ahụ, na-egwuri egwu zuru ezu megide Werder Bremen na 11 Febụwarị ma bụrụ onye Daniel Didavi nọchiri na ọkara megide Hertha Berlin na 31 Machị. Wolfsburg nọkwa na mgbada egwuregwu onye mmeri, mana Osimhen furu efu n'ihi mmerụ ahụ. Ọ pụtakwara n'otu egwuregwu nke Wolfsburg's DFB Pokal mkpọsa, na-anọchi onye na-agba bọọlụ n'etiti Josuha Guilavogui maka nkeji iri ikpeazụ nke mmeri ha meriri Schalke na nkeji iri na ise nke ikpeazụ. Osimhen gara ịwa ahụ n'ubu n'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Mee, na-emechi oge ya na egwuregwu iri na abụọ na Bundesliga n'aha ya.
Charleroi
Osimhen nwere ule oge okpomọkụ na klọb Belgian Zulte Waregem na Club Brugge, ndị bụ ndị mmeri na-achị. Otú ọ dị, ọgụ n'oge ọkọchị na ịba metụtara ọnọdụ ahụike ya, ọ dịghịkwa otu klọb kpebiri ịkwụ ụgwọ ya. N'abalị iri abụọ na abụọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2018, Osimhen sonyeere otu egwuregwu Belgian Charleroi na nkwekọrịta mgbazinye ego ogologo oge, ebe ọ na-emeghị akara na nke ọ bụla n'ime egwuregwu iri na isii ya na Wolfsburg. Ọ nọchiri Kaveh Rezaei, onye e rere na Club Brugge mgbe ọ gbasịrị goolu atọ na egwuregwu atọ mbụ nke oge ahụ. Osimhen mere nke mbụ ya na 1 Septemba megide Excel Mouscron, na-abanye dị ka onye na-anọchi anya Jérémy Perbet. Osimhen mere nke mbụ ya zuru oke na 22 Septemba, na-agba goolu mbụ ya dị ka onye ọkachamara na azụ azụ megide Waasland-Beveren. Waasland-Beveren ga-ejikọta ya na mmadụ 10 Charleroi, Perbet ga-emesị bụrụ onye a chụpụrụ n'egwuregwu ahụ, na-enyere onye njikwa Felice Mazzu aka ịhọrọ n'elu. Osimhen ga-amalite na Adama Niane maka egwuregwu anọ sochirinụ, na-agba naanị goolu klọb ahụ na mmeri Cercle Brugge na Gent. O gbakwara bọọlụ ugboro abụọ na nkeji ise gara aga na mmeri 3102 meriri Zulte Waregem na 21 Ọktoba, mgbe Hamdi Harbaoui nyere Waregem mmeri 2101 na ọkara nke abụọ. Osimhen esighị n'akụkụ ahụ daa ruo n'ụbọchị iri abụọ na ise n'ọnwa Nọvemba, mgbe ọ gbara goolu n'elu bench na mmeri 4o2 nke klọb ahụ meriri Lokeren. Mgbe egwuregwu ahụ gasịrị, Osimhen gwara BBC Sport na ọ "chọtara obi ụtọ ya ọzọ". Osimhen ji goolu asatọ n'egwuregwu iri na isii mechie ọkara mbụ, nke abụọ bụ naanị Cristian Benavente na otu ahụ.
Lille
Na Julaị 2019, Osimhen bịanyere aka na Lille. N'abalị iri na otu n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2019, o mere Ligue 1 mbụ ya maka klọb ahụ, na-agba goolu na mmeri 2 na Nantes.
A kpọrọ Osimhen onye egwuregwu Ligue 1 nke ọnwa maka Septemba 2019, ebe ọ gbara goolu abụọ ma nyere aka abụọ ọzọ na egwuregwu ise nke Lille. Na 2 June 2020, e nyere ya Lille's Player of the Season, ebe ọ nwetara ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu nke votu site n'aka ndị na-akwado ya.
Osimhen gbara goolu mbụ ya na UEFA Champions League n'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2019, na-abịa na mmeri e meriri Chelsea n'ụlọ n'afọ 192. Onye Naijiria ahụ mechiri oge ahụ dị ka onye kacha gbaa bọọlụ na Lille, ya na goolu 13 na egwuregwu 25 nke Ligue 1, na goolu 18 na asọmpi niile. Egwuregwu ya siri ike mere ka ọtụtụ ndị mara Osimhen ka ọ na-agba ọsọ maka onyinye African Footballer of the Year n'ọdịnihu dị nso.
Moushira Khattab
thumb|Moushira Khattab Moushira Mahmoud Khattab bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na òkpé udo mba Egypt a mụrụ n'afọ 1944. Ọ n'arụ ọrụ dịka onye isi na ụlọ ọrụ National Council for Human Rights,  nke bụ ụlọ ọrụ n'ahụ maka as ghara ịnapụ ndị mmadụ Ihe ruwere ha. Ọ rụburu ọrụ dịka minista n'ahụ maka ezinụlọ na ọha mmadụ, osote minista n'ahụ maka ihe n'eme na mba ndị ọzọ, Onye nnọchiteanya Ijipt na mba South Africa, Czech Republic na Slovakia, nọrọkwa n'òtù okpe udo Ijipt na mba Australia, Hungary, Austria na United Nations in New York City and Vienna. Ọ bụkwa onye nkwuchite ọnụ ndị mmadụ, ekwuchite ọnụ ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụaka. Ọ rụbukwara dika osota onye isi na ụlọ ọrụ UN Committee on the Rights of the Child nke dị na isi ụlọ ọrụ UN dị na Geneva. Na abalị iri na itoolu n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 2016, praịm Minista Egypt kwupụtara na Moushira Khattab ga-abụ onye nke ga-esi Egypt na ndị ga-abụ  onye isi UNESCO na ntuli aka a ga-eme n'afọ 2017.
Victor Osimhen
Napoli
N'abalị iri atọ na otu n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 2020, ụlọ ọrụ Serie A Napoli kwupụtara mbinye aka Osimhen, maka ego ndekọ nke € 70 nde nke nwere ike ịrị elu ruo € 80 nde na mgbakwunye, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ onye kacha ọnụ ahịa Afrịka ruo ugbu a.
N'abalị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2020, Osimhen gbara goolu mbụ ya maka Napoli na mmeri 4 na Atalanta. Mgbe ọ gbara bọọlụ, o welitere uwe elu na-akpọ oku ka a kwụsị obi ọjọọ ndị uwe ojii na-aga n'ihu n'ala nna ya Naịjirịa.
Moushira Khattab
Ọrụ ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị
Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dịka onye nnọchiteanya mbụ nke Ijipt na mba South Africa ma tutuu nkea, ọ rụburu dịka onye nnọchiteanya na mba Czechoslovakia mgbe ha kewara n'udo ịghọ Czech Republic and Slovakia. Khattab rụrụ ọrụ ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị ikpeazụ ya dịka osote minista ihe n'eme na mba ndị ọzọ na ngalaba international cultural relations. Khattab rụkwara ọrụ dịka otu onye n'ime ndị òtù nnọchiteanya Ijipt na Budapest, Vienna na Melbourne rukwaa ọrụ n'isi ozi UN dị na New York ya na UNIDO headquarters dị na Vienna.
Victor Osimhen
Napoli
N'abalị iri na atọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba 2020, n'oge egwuregwu asọmpi iko mba Afrịka nke e mere mgbe ọ nọ na ezumike mba ụwa na Naịjirịa, Osimhen merụrụ ahụ. A chọpụtara nke a dị ka mmerụ ahụ n'ubu nke ga-eme ka Osimhen ghara ịga egwuregwu ruo ọnwa abụọ.
Moushira Khattab
Ọrụ ozi
Site na Machị 2009 ruo Febụwarị 2011, Khattab jere ozi dị ka minista nke steeti maka ezinụlọ na ọha mmadụ. Ọ bụ osote onye isi oche nke International Bureau for Children's Rights "IBCR". Khattab na-anọchite anya MENA Region na Board of Child Helpline International na ndị isi oche nke Kọmitii Mba na Kọmitii Na-eduzi nke Middle East & North Africa na ime ihe ike megide ụmụaka. Khattab jere ozi dị ka osote onye isi oche, onye na-akọ akụkọ na onye otu Kọmitii UN na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru ụmụaka site na 2002 ruo 2010. Ọ bụ onye otu n'ọtụtụ njikọ gụnyere Women Leadership Council iji lụso ịzụ ahịa mmadụ ọgụ gụnyere ụmụaka, UNGIFT- Vienna 2008. Ọ bụ onye isi oche nke otu ndị ọkachamara UN intergovernmental nke wepụtara ntuziaka UN na Okwu Ikpe Ziri Ezi metụtara ụmụaka na ndị akaebe maka mpụ nke ECOSOC nabatara na 2005. Khattab bụ osote onye isi oche nke Aflatoun Child Savings International nke dị na Amsterdam ma bụrụkwa onye nkuzi oge niile gbasara ikike ụmụaka nwere ndị uwe ojii, ndị ọka ikpe, òtù ụmụ nwanyị na mgbasa ozi.