cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Penny Siopis
Ihe ngosi ndị a họọrọ
• 1995	City Museum and Art Galleries, Birmingham, UK
• 1995	Bernard Jacobson Gallery, London, UK
• 1995	Center for the Arts, San Francisco
• 1995 	1st Gwanju Biennale, South Korea
• 1995	Delfina Studio Trust, London, UK
• 1995	National Arts Festival, Makhanda, South Africa
• 1994	5th Havana International Biennale, Cuba
• 1994 Art First Gallery, London, UK
• 1993 	XLV Venice Biennale, Palazzo
• 1994 Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
• 1994	Giustinian Lolin, Fondazione Levi, Venice, Italy
• 1994 Sala 1 Gallery, Rome, Italy
• 1994 Leeds City Art Gallery, Leeds, England
• 1992 	Cité Internationale des Arts, Paris, France
• 1992 Alliance Française Gallery, Durban, South Africa
• 1991 	Cape Town Triennial, Iziko South African National Gallery
• 1991	Standard Bank National Arts Festival, Albany Museum, Makhanda
• 1991 Standard Bank Gallery, Johannesburg, South Africa
• 1991 Newtown Gallery, Johannesburg, South Africa
• 1990 	Museum of Modern Art, Oxford, UK
• 1990	SOHO 20 Gallery, New York, USA
• 1989 	The Portsmouth Collection, Aspex Gallery, Portsmouth, UK
• 1988 	Market Gallery, Johannesburg, South Africa
• 1988	Johannesburg Art Gallery, South Africa
• 1988	Cape Town Triennial, Iziko South African National Gallery
• 1987 	Oosterkerk, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
• 1986 	Volkskas Atelier Award Exhibition, South African Association of Arts, Pretoria
• 1985 	Africana Museum, Johannesburg, South Africa
• 1985	Durban Art Museum, South Africa
• 1985	Cape Town Triennial, South African National Gallery, Cape Town
• 1984 	South African Association of Arts, Pretoria
• 1983 	University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg
• 1983	University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg
• 1982 	Cape Town Triennial, South African National Gallery, Cape Town
• 1977 	Settler’s Museum, Makhanda, South Africa
Nchịkọta
A na-anọchite anya ọrụ onye na-ese ihe na nnukwu nchịkọta ọha na eze na South Africa; nchịkọta mba ụwa gụnyere Centre Pompidou, Paris; Smithsonian Institution, Washington; Moderna Museet, Stockholm; na Tate, London.
Edensibia
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Clarion Chukwurah
Chief Clarion Chukwura (onye aha eji mụọ ya bụ Clara Nneka Oluwatoyin Folashade Chukwurah ; 24 Julaị 1964) bụ nwaafọ Naịjirịa na- eme ihe nkiri na inyere mmadụ aka.
Ọrụ
Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ ọta akara na ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị na Lagos ma mesịa gụọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya na Queen of the Rosary College, Onitsha mechaa gụọ Ime ihe na Okwu na Ngalaba Arts dị egwu nke Mahadum Obafemi Awolowo. A nabatara ya dị ka onye nnọchi anya udo nke United Nations maka ọrụ ebere ya n'ofe Africa. ọ malitere ọrụ ya na 1980 mana ọ ghọrọ onye ama ama mgbe o gosipụtara n'ihe nkiri "mirror in the Sun". Ọ bụ onye Nigeria izizi meriri na ngalaba Best Actress na 1982 na FESPACO emume nkiri na Burkina Faso.
Ndụ onwe
Chukwura bụ naanị otu nwa nwanyị n'ime ezinụlọ nke ha di anọ na 24 Julaị 1964. Ọ bụ nne nke onye na-ahụ maka ntụzi aka ihe nkiri Clarence Peters. O si na Anambra steeti. N’afọ 2016, Chukwura lụrụ Anthony Boyd nke mere ya di ugboro atọ, ma gbanwee okwukwe nke di ọhụrụ nke Ndịàmà Jehova.
Ṅrụtụaka
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ Òtù:Category:Ụmụ nwanyị Naijiria bụ ndị Anambra steeti
Japan
Japan (日本, Nihon ma obu Nippon) bụ obodo nor na Asia.
eze ukwu : Naruhito
Scheepers
Scheepers bụ aha ọrụ nke ndi Dutch na ndi Afrikaans nke pụtara "onye ọzụzụ atụrụ" na Middle Dutch. Ndị ama ama nwere aha nna gụnyere ndia:
Amina J. Mohammed
Amina Jane Mohammed GCON (amụrụ ụbọchị iri abụọ na asaa na ọnwa nke isii na afọ nari iri itoolu iri isii na otu)bụ onye Naijiria-British na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-eje ozi dị ka osote odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke ise nke United Nations. N'oge gara aga, ọ bụ Minista Naijiria nke Gburugburu Ebe Obibi site na afọ puku abụọ iri na isee ruo afọ puku abụọ iri na isii ma bụrụ onye ọkpụkpọ na usoro Agenda Mmepe Post-2015.
A mụrụ Amina Jane Mohammed na Liverpool, England, ụbọchị iri abụọ na asaa nke ọnwa isii na afọ nari iri itoolu iri isii na otu n'aka onye isi anụmanụ nke Naijiria nke Hausa-Fulani na onye nọọsụ Britain. Ọ bụ nwa mbụ n'ime ụmụ nwanyị ise.
Amina J. Mohammed gara ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị na Kaduna na Maiduguri na Naịjirịa na Buchan School na Isle of Man. Ọ gara Henley Management College n'afọ 1989. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ ya, nna ya chọrọ ka ọ laghachi Naịjirịa. Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Igbo calendar
Igbo kalenda (Ogugu afo na ala igbo. Nke a bụ usoro omenala kalenda ndi Igbo di na Nigeria  . Kalenda nwere ọnwa iri na ato n'afo, izu asaa n'ime otu ọnwa (na ụbọch ano nke  na egosi ụbọchị ahịa Igbo (afor, nkwo, eke, na orie) n'ime izu  gbakwunyere  otu   ụbọchị ọzọ n'ụbọchị njedebe nke,   afor n'ọnwa ikpeazu n' afo. Aha onye deputara onwa   ndia bu Onwuejeogwu  n'afo (1981).
Kalenda obodo nile  abughi  otu, ya mere, otu di iche iche ga-abia n 'ebe di iche iche nke izu, ma obu kwa afo. Ka o sina dị, ụbọchị anọ na ubochi  asatọ na ebuta mmekọrịta ụbọchị ahịa  obodo di  iche iche, Omumaatu. obodo Nri na-esokwa otu afo ahu.
Ụbọchị ahịa
Ndi Igbo nwere ubochi ahia anọ, nke bu: eke, orie, afor na nkwo. Ụbọchị ahịa ndị a na-eso onwe ha dika kalenda Igbo si di.
N'akụkụ dị iche iche n' ala Igbo, obodo ọ bụla nwere ahịa na- aza ụbọchi ahia ndia., Omumaatu aha Eke, aha Afor.
Usoro
Na kalenda Igbo omenala otu izu ( Igbo   ) nwere ụbọchị ano.[ Eke,Orie, Afor na Nkwo] ), izu asaa na-eme otu ọnwa ( Igbo    ), otu ọnwa nwere ụbọchị  iri  abuo n'asato. Ewere onwa iri na-ato na otu afo. N'ime ọnwa gara aga, a gbakwunyere ụbọchị ọzọ.    Ndị n'aka mgbe aga-eme emume omenala n'ala Igbo bu ndi isi nchuaja ma o bu ndi Dibia.    .  Oge na-adaba na isi ihe anọ ahụ, Afọ jikọtara n'ebe ugwu, Ugwu n'ebe ndịda, Eke gaa n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ, na Orie gaa n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ.  Ndị mmụọ a, bụ ndị na- azụ anụ, bụ Chineke (Faith and Destiny) kere ka ha wee nwee ike ịhazi usoro Igbo na Igboland.
Omumaatu : Ọnwa Mbụ
Jiri
Igbo abụghị ihe zuru ụwa ọnụ, a kọwapụtara ya dị ka "ọ bụghị ihe edepụtara ma soro ... kama ọ na-ahụ ya n'uche ndị mmadụ."
Ịgu aha ubochi omumu
. Ana agukari umu amuru ohuu aha dabara n' ubochi amuru ha. otumasiri na odighikwa otu a ugbu a. Aha dika Mgbeke [ nwa nwanyi] bu onye amuru ubochi Eke, Mgborie[nwa nwanyi] bu onye amuru ubochi Orie w.d.g.bu ihe putara ihe n'ndu ndi Igbo. O buru nwoke, ana eji Oko anochi anya Mgbo m'obu akpoo ya nwa Okeke. Omumaatu nke a bu Nwankwo Kanu, onye egwu bool doro nke ukwuu.
Ọnwa na ihe ọ pụtara
Ọnwa ndi a gbadoroukwu n'kalenda obodo Nri bu nke nwere ike idi ichie n'kalenda Igbo ndi ozo dika: igu aha, ichuaja, n'emume ndi ozo gbara gburugburu n'ime onwa ndi ozo.
Ọnwa mbu
Ọnwa mbu na-amalite site n'izu nke atọ nke February na-eme ya afọ ọhụrụ Igbo. Akwukwo afọ nke Nri-Igbo nke kwekọrọ na afo Gregorian nke afo 2012 ka emere ka ha malite n'ememe onu ogugu kwa afo nke a na - akpọ Igu Aro na February 18 (Onwa abali n'izu nke ato nke February). Ememme Igu Aro nke e mere na March bụ akara afọ nke ọnwa dị ka afọ 1013 nke kalenda Nri.
Ọnwa Abụọ
Ana ewere onwa-a dika onwa mkpocha. nzacha na ọrụ ugbo.
Ọnwa anọ
Ọnwa Anọ bụ mgbe akuku nke mkpụrụ ji malitere.
Ọnwa Agwụ
Igo chi na mmanwu ndi okenye n ' aputa n'ime ọnwa a.Ọnwa Agwu bụ mmalite nke afọ. Ausi Agwu onye nke eji aha ya mere onwa bu onye ndi dibia n'akwanyere ugwu nke ukwuu n'' ime onwa a.
Ọnwa Alọm Chi
Ọnwa a na-ahụ maka owuwe ihe ubi.
ọnwa Ilo Mmụọ
Mmemme akpọrọ Önwa Asatọ ( Igbo  ) a na-eme n’ọnwa a.
Ọnwa Ana
Ana (ma ọ bụ Ala ) bụ chi nwaanyị ala Igbo a na eme emume dị iche iche maka chi a bidoro n'ọnwa a, ya mere eyi kpo owa aha ya.
Ọnwa Okike
Okike emume nke n’eme n’ọnwa a.
Ọnwa Ajana
A na emekwa Emume Okike n’ọnwa Ajana.
Ọnwa Ụzọ Alụsị
Onwa ikpeazu huru onyinye nye alusi.
Ememme
Emume ukwu abuo bu ememme afo ohuru ( Igu Aro ), gafere n’abalị iri na asatọ nke ọnwa Febụwarị, oge eji ako nrị mgbe eze, bụ Eze Nri  dị na mpaghara Nri, jị gwara ndị Igbo ka ha gaa kụọ mkpụrụ osisi nrị ha ngbe mmiri izizi ga ezo ka emechere emụme ịrị ji  (Emume Ọnwa-asatọ ), n’ọnwa nke asatọ.
Afọ Nri-Igbo a na-agụ afọ a maara dị ka Igu Aro akara 10 Maachị 2012 dika mmalite nke afọ 1013 nke kalenda Nri. Ememme ahụ na-egbu oge n'ihi ihe ndị ọzọ.
Imöka na-eme emume n’abalị iri abụọ nke ọnwa nke abụọ.
Ntughari
13. HRH Silver Ibenye-Ugbala kalenda Igbo site na AD 0001 rue AD 8064: Site na nyocha nyocha nke Gregorian na ndị ọzọ kalenda ụwa.
Karnataka Forest Service
Karnataka Forest Service (nke a na-akpọ KFS) ma ọ bụ nke a maara dị ka State Forest Service (nke a na-enye SFS) onye a họọrọ na ule KFS nke Karnataka Public Service Commission (KPSC) duziri. Gọọmentị Karnataka ga-ahọpụta ndị isi ahọpụtara dị ka Onye Nlekọta Ọhịa mgbe ha mechara oge ọzụzụ nke afọ 2 na Central Academy for State Forest Service Dehradun ma ọ bụ Central Academy for Steeti Forest Service Coimbatore ma mezue oge nnwale nke afọ abuo dị ka Onye Ọrụ Ugwu. Ọkwa nke onye Enyemaka njikota nke ọhịa dabara na ọkwa onye enyemaka kọmishọna yana kwa ọkwa onye enyemaka Kọmishọna ndị uwe ojii. Onye uwe ojii a na-ewe ọrụ dị ka onye enyemaka Conservator nke ọhịa bụ onye e nyere ọrụ ijikwa oke ọhịa, gburugburu ebe obibi na anụ ọhịa nke ngalaba nke metụtara ya, ndị ọrụ ọrụ nọ na Karnataka Forest Subordinate Service ga-enyere ya aka.
Patience Okon George
Patience Okon George (amuru 25 Novemba n'afọ 1991) bu onye oso oso Naijiria. Ọ gbara asọmpi mita 400 na asọmpi egwuregwu ụwa nke afọ 2015 na Beijing, China na n'egwuregwu Ruo n'afọ 2016. George bụ onye nwetere ọla nrịba n'asọmpị Afrịka ugboro abụọ n'egwuregwu mita 400 n'otu n'otu. Ọ bụkwa onye mmeri nke mba Naijiria ugboro atọ na narị mita anọ.
Na onwa abụọ Ọgọst n'afọ 2014, ọ gbara ụkwụ nke mbụ nke 4 × 400 m relay maka ndị otu Naijiria nke bịara nke abụọ n'azụ quartet Jamaica na Glasgow Commonwealth Games. Ọ gbakwara ọsọ na okpomọkụ nke 4 × 100 m relay maka Nigeria.
Okon George nwetara ihe nrite ọla n'asọmpi Afrịka nke afọ 2014 na Marrakesh, n'azụ onye Naijiria ibe ya, Sade Abugan na Kabange Mupopo nke Zambia. O nwetakwara nrite ọla edo na mgbagharị 4 × 400 m ya na ndị otu egwuregwu Regina George, Ada Benjamin na Sade Abugan.
Ọ meriri ihe nrite ọla nchara nke abụọ ya n'asọmpị Afrịka na 400 mita na asọmpi Durban n'afọ 2016. O debere nke atọ n'azụ Mupopo na Margaret Wambui. O mekwara ka onye Naijiria 4 × 400 m quartet ( Omolara Omotosho, Regina George, Yinka Ajayi, Patience Okon George ) nweta nrite ọlaọcha n'ụbọchị ikpeazụ nke asọmpi ahụ. Ọ gbachitere aha obodo ya nke ọma na 2016 wee mechie akara ya maka egwuregwu Olympic Rio.
N'afọ 2019, George meriri ihe nrite ọla edo na ọsọ ọsọ ụmụ nwanyị 4 × 400 na egwuregwu n'afọ 2019 nke Africa emere na Rabat, Morocco.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Mary Quaile
Mary T. Quaile (8 Ọgọst 1886 - 16 Disemba 1958) bụ onye otu Oru ndị ahịa Irish.
.
Amụrụ na Dublin, Quaile tolitere na Manchester, wee hapụ ụlọ akwụkwọ mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na abụọ. Na mbụ ọ bụ onye na-arụ ọrụ n'ụlọ, n'oge na-adịghị anya ọ kwagara ịrụ ọrụ na kọfị. Mgbe ọ nọ n'ebe ahụ, Margaret Bondfield gara obodo ahụ iji hazie ndị ọrụ. N'ịbụ onye kpaliri, Quaile malitere ime ka ndị ọrụ nri nọ n'obodo ahụ sonye n'òtù ndị ọrụ. N'ihi ya, na 1911, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye enyemaka Ọhazi nke Manchester Women's Trade Union Council (WTUC), emesịa bụrụ odeakwụkwọ nhazi ya.
Na 1919, WTUC ghọrọ akụkụ nke Manchester Trades Council, Quaile wee bụrụ onye isi nwanyị mba nke Dock, Wharf, Riverside na General Labourers' Union, nke mechara bụrụ akụkụ nke Transport na general workers Union. Ọ na-arụkwa ọrụ na Trades Union Congress (TUC), ma jee ozi na General Council nke TUC site na 1923 ruo 1926. Site na 1923, Quaile bụ odeakwụkwọ nke Ngalaba Ụmụ nwanyị Manchester Trades Council, n'oge na-adịghịkwa anya, ọ bụkwa onye na-echekwa ego nke kansụl.
Ọ na-arụkwa ọrụ na Trades Union Congress (TUC), ma jee ozi na General Council nke TUC site na 1923 ruo 1926. Site na 1923, Quaile bụ odeakwụkwọ nke Ngalaba Ụmụ nwanyị Manchester Trades Council, n'oge na-adịghịkwa anya, ọ bụkwa onye na-echekwa ego nke kansụl.
a General workers Union. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ na Trades Union Congress (TUC), ma jee ozi na General Council nke TUC site na 1923 ruo 1926. Site na 1923, Quaile bụ odeakwụkwọ nke ngalaba ụmụ nwanyị nke Manchester Trades Council, n'oge na-adịghịkwa anya ọ bụkwa onye na-ahụ maka akụ na ụba nke kansụl ahụ.
N'afọ 1925, Quaile duuru ndị nnọchi anya TUC ụmụ nwanyị na Soviet Union. A họpụtakwara ya na Kọmitii Ndụmọdụ Ụmụ nwanyị nke International Federation of Trade Unions. N'ihi enweghị ahụ ike, ọ gbara arụkwaghịm na ọkwa mba ya niile na 1933, mana ọ ghọrọ onye ọka iwu na 1934 ma jigide ọrụ kansụl trades ya n'ime ọchịchị 1950.
Nkwekọrịta Ntọala maka Nchebe nke Mmiri Mmiri nke Oké Osimiri Caspian
Framework Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Caspian Sea bụ nkwekọrịta mpaghara nkè ndị nnọchi ányá gọọmentị nke steeti ise dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri Caspian bịanyere áká: Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russian Federation na Turkmenistan na Tehran (Iran) n'ubochi anọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2003. Nkwekọrịta Framework, nkè a na-akpọkwa Nkwekọ Tehran, bidoro n'ụbọchị iri na abụọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2006.
Ebumnuche nkè nkwekọrịta a bụ ichebe gburugburu ébé obibi Caspian site na isi mbido niile nkè mmetọ gụnyere nchedo, nchekwa, mweghachi na iji ihe ndị dị ndụ nke Oké Osimiri Caspian mee ihe n'ụzọ ziri ezi.
Dabere na Akụkụ nké asaa ruo iri na otu nkè Nkwekọrịta ahụ, ndị otu ahụ na-eme ihe iji gbochie, belata ma chịkwaa mmetọ sitere na isi iyi ala, ọrụ àlà oké osimiri, ụgbọ mmiri, ya na mmetọ site na ọrụ ndị ọzọ nke mmadụ gụnyere iweghachite ala na ịdọrọ mmiri n'ụsọ oké osimiri na iwu ihe mgbochi mmiri.
Nkwekọrịta ahụ na-enyekwa usoro kwesịrị ekwesị iji gbochie iwebata n'ime Oké Osimiri Caspian na ịchịkwa ma lụso ụdị ndị ọzọ na-awakpo ọgụ, nké na-eyi gburugburu ebe obibi, ebe obibi ma ọ bụ ụdị égwu.
Ndị otu ahụ na-ejikwa mgbochi, nkwadebe na nzaghachi iji chebe gburugburu ébé obibi na ụmụ mmadụ site na nsonaazụ nke ọnọdụ mberede gburugburu ébé obibi nke okike na nke mmadụ mèrè, na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ n'ịtọlite usoro ịdọ aka ná ntị n'ogè ma hụ na enwere ngwá ọrụ zuru oke na ndị ọrụ rúrú eru màkà ịlụso ọnọdụ mberede nke gburugburu ébé obibi ọgụ. Ndị otu ahụ kwenyere na ha ga-eme nyocha mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi nke ọrụ ndị dị ize ndụ nwèrè ike ịkpata ọnọdụ mberede gburugburu ébé obibi ma ọ bụ mmetụta ọjọọ na gburugburu ébé obibi n'ime ikike ha.
Ndị otu ahụ na-emekwa ihe iji hụ na nchedo, nchekwa, mweghachi na iji ihe ndị dị ndụ n'oké osimiri mee ihe n'ụzọ ezi uche dị na yá nà Oké Osimiri Caspian; gbalịsie ike idebe ma ọ bụ weghachite ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ụdị mmiri na ọkwa ndị nwéré ike ịmepụta ihe kachasị mmá; gbochie mmebi nke ihe ndị dị n'oké mmiri ma chebe ụdị mmiri dị ichè íchè, ndị dị ụkọ na ndị nọ n'ihe ize ndụ na gburugburu ébé obibi.
Nkwekọrịta afọ 2003 na-enyekwa nkwado nkè ndị otu ahụ na nlekota gburugburu ebe obibi, na-emepe ụkpụrụ nkwekọrịta na mmepụta, na-eduzi nyocha na mmepe gburugburu ébé obibi na ịgbanwerịta ozi gburugburu ébé obibi.
Nzukọ nke ndị otu na ndị odeakwụkwọ na-akpọkọta mgbè niile site na Nzukọ Tehran.
A nabatara Protocol gbasara nkwadebe mpaghara, nzaghachi na imekọ ihe ọnụ na ịlụso ihe mberede mmetọ mmanụ ọgụ na Aktau, Kazakhstan n'ubochi irí na abụọ n'ọnwa Ọgọst afọ 2011.
A bịanyere áká na Protocol for the Protection of the Caspian Sea against Pollution from Land-based Sources and Activities na Moscow, Russian Federation, n'ubochi irí na abụọ n'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2012 na Nzukọ nke anọ nke Nzukọ nke Ndị otu na Tehran Convention.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations
Jane Ayiyem
Jane Ayiyem (amụrụ n'abalị iri na itoolu n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 1997) bụ onye Ghana na-agba bọọlụ mba ụwa nke na-agba ọsọ dị ka onye na-agbachitere otu egwuregwu bọọlụ ụmụ nwanyị nke mba Ghana. O sonyere Ghana na afo 2018 Africa Women Cup of Nations, na-egwu egwuregwu atọ.
N'afọ 2012, 2013, 2014 Ghana Sports Writers Association of Ghana "SWAG" Awards, Jane Ayieyam meriri onye egwuregwu bọọlụ kachasị mma n'afọ nakwa n'afọ 2012 nwanyị kacha gbaa bọọlụ na goolu iri na asatọ.
Ihe odide
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Mbelata nke ihe onwunwe
thumb|335x335px|Ájá tar na Alberta, 2008. Mmanụ bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị mmadụ na-ejikarị eme ihe. Mbelata akụrụngwa bụ oriri akụrụngwa ngwa ngwa karịa ka enwere ike mejupụta ya. A na-ekewakarị akụ ndị sitere n'okike n'etiti akụ ndị a na-emegharịgharị na ihe ndị na-adịghị emezigharị (leekwa nhazi nke akụrụngwa ịnweta). A na-ewere iji nke ọ bụla n'ime ụdị akụrụngwa ndị a gafere ọnụego nnọchi anya ha dị ka mbelata akụrụngwa. Uru nke akụrụngwa bụ nsonaazụ ozugbo nke nnweta ya na okike na ọnụ ahịa ịwepụta akụrụngwa, ka ihe akụrụngwa na-ebelata ka uru nke akụ na-abawanye. Enwere ọtụtụ ụdị mmebi akụ na ụba, nke a kacha mara amara bụ: Mbelata nke mmiri ozuzo, igbutu ọhịa, igwu ala maka mmanụ ọkụ na mineral, mmetọ ma ọ bụ mmetọ nke akụrụngwa, slash-na-ire ọrụ ugbo, mbuze ala, na iri nri, oke ma ọ bụ na-enweghị isi. akụrụngwa.
A na-ejikarị mbelata akụrụngwa na-arụ ọrụ ugbo, ịkụ azụ, igwu ala, ojiji mmiri na oriri mmanụ ọkụ. Mbibi nke anụ ọhịa ka a na-akpọ defaunation.
Depletion accounting
N'ịgbalị iji mebie mmebi nke ihe onwunwe, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ewepụtala echiche nke nchịkọta ego. Amara nke ọma dị ka 'akwụkwọ ndekọta akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ,' depletion aza ajụjụ na-achọ ịkọwa uru okike na nha nhata n'ahịa ahịa. Akaụntụ mbelata akụrụngwa na-eji data enyere site na mba iji tụọ ngbanwe dị mkpa n'ihi ojiji ha na mbelata nke isi obodo dị ha. Isi obodo sitere n'okike bụ akụ sitere n'okike dị ka nkwụnye ego ịnweta ma ọ bụ osisi osisi. Ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe ndekọ ego na-ebelata n'ọtụtụ mmetụta dị iche iche dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ nke afọ ruo mgbe ike gwụrụ akụ, ọnụ ahịa mmepụta ihe na ọchịchọ nke ihe onwunwe. Ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe bụ akụkụ buru ibu nke ọrụ akụ na ụba na mba ndị ka na-emepe emepe. Nke a, n'aka nke ya, na-eduga n'ọkwa dị elu nke mbelata ihe onwunwe na mmebi gburugburu ebe obibi na mba ndị ka na-emepe emepe. Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-arụ ụka na mmejuputa atumatu mbelata ihe onwunwe dị mkpa na mba ndị ka na-emepe emepe. Ngụkọta ndekọ ego nbibi na-achọkwa ịlele uru ọha mmadụ nke akụ sitere n'okike na gburugburu ebe obibi. A na-achọ ịlele uru mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya site na ọrụ gburugburu ebe obibi, nke akọwara dị ka uru nke okike nye ezinụlọ, obodo na akụ na ụba.
Mkpa
Enwere ọtụtụ ndị otu dị iche iche nwere mmasị na ngụsị akwụkwọ. Ndị na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi na-enwe mmasị n'ịkọpụta ego dị ka ụzọ isi nyochaa ojiji nke ihe ndị sitere n'okike ka oge na-aga, na-aza gọọmentị ajụjụ ma ọ bụ jiri ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi ha tụnyere nke obodo ọzọ. Ndị ọkachamara n'ihe banyere akụ na ụba chọrọ ịlele mbelata akụrụngwa iji ghọta ka mba ma ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ na-adabere n'ụzọ ego si arụ ọrụ na-enweghị ike imeghari, ma a ga-ejigide ojiji a yana ihe ndọghachi azụ nke ego nke ịgbanwere na akụrụngwa enwere ike imegharị n'ihi akụrụngwa na-emebi emebi.
Mbelata nke ihe ndị a na-egwupụta n'ala
A na-achọ mineral iji nye nri, uwe, na ụlọ. Nnyocha nyocha nke United States Geological Survey (USGS) chọpụtara usoro dị ogologo ogologo oge na narị afọ nke 20 maka akụrụngwa anaghị emeghari ohuru dị ka mineral iji weta oke nke ntinye akụrụngwa na mpaghara na-abụghị mmanụ, nke na-abụghị nri. akụ na ụba; ihe atụ bụ ka e ji nkume, ájá, na ajịrịja ndị e gwepịara egwepịa mee ka ukwuu na-eri ihe.
Oke nrigbu nke mineral malitere na mgbanwe nrụpụta ihe dị ka 1760 na England ma tolite ngwa ngwa kemgbe ahụ. Nkwalite nkà na ụzụ emeela ka ụmụ mmadụ gwuo ala ma nweta ọkwa dị ala na ụdị ọla dị iche iche n'oge ahụ. Fọrọ nke nta niile isi ulo oru ọla (ọla kọpa, ígwè, bauxite, wdg), nakwa dị ka obere ụwa mineral, na-eche ihu mmepụta adịghị ike site n'oge ruo n'oge, n'ihi na ọkọnọ na-agụnye nnukwu elu-n'ihu investments na ya mere ngwa ngwa ịzaghachi ngwa ngwa na-abawanye na. ọchịchọ.
Mmanụ ala ndị ụfọdụ na-atụ anya na ha ga-abanye na mbelata mmepụta n'ime afọ 20 sochirinụ:
Mmanụ ala ndị ụfọdụ na-atụ anya na ha ga-abanye na mbelata mmepụta n'ime narị afọ a:
Atụmatụ dị otú ahụ nwere ike ịgbanwe, dịka a na-eme nchọpụta ọhụrụ ma na'ozuzu ya na ọ na - na: data dị na Mineral Resources na mineral Reserves.
Wetlands
Ala mmiri mmiri bụ gburugburu ebe obibi nke na-ejupụtakarị n'elu ala ma ọ bụ mmiri dị n'ime ala iji kwado ahịhịa ndị a na-emekarị maka ọnọdụ ala jupụtara, dị ka cattails, bulrushes, maple red, osikapa ọhịa, blackberries, cranberries, na peat moss. N'ihi na ụfọdụ ala mmiri dị iche iche bara ụba na mineral na nri na-enye ọtụtụ uru nke ma ala na gburugburu mmiri ha nwere ụdị dị iche iche ma na-enye ihe ndabere dị iche iche maka eriri nri. Ebe obibi mmiri mmiri na-enye aka na ahụike gburugburu ebe obibi na ụdị dị iche iche. Ala mmiri mmiri bụ ihe a na-apụghị imegharịgharịgharị n'oge mmadụ na n'akụkụ ụfọdụ enweghị ike imegharị ya ọzọ. Nnyocha e mere n'oge na-adịbeghị anya na-egosi na ọnwụ zuru ụwa ọnụ nke ala mmiri nwere ike ịdị elu dị ka 87% kemgbe 1700 AD, na 64% nke mfu ala mmiri na-eme kemgbe 1900. Ụfọdụ mfu nke ala mmiri sitere na ihe ndị sitere n'okike dị ka mbuze, sedimentation, subsidence, na ịrị elu nke ala mmiri. oke osimiri.
Ala mmiri na-enye ọrụ gburugburu ebe obibi maka:
Ihe onwunwe n'ala mmiri
Ụfọdụ n'ime mpaghara ọrụ ugbo kacha eme nke ọma n'ụwa bụ ala mmiri na-ekpochapụ ma ghọọ ala ubi maka ọrụ ugbo buru ibu. Oke ikposa ala mmiri na-apụtakwa maka mmepe ụlọ na ime obodo. N'ụzọ dị iche, n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, idei mmiri na-ejukwa ala mmiri ka e mee ka ọ bụrụ ọdọ mmiri ntụrụndụ ma ọ bụ mmepụta ike mmiri. Ná mba ụfọdụ, ndị na-azụ anụ ebufewokwa ihe onwunwe ha n'ime ala mmiri maka ịta nri n'ihi ahịhịa na-edozi ahụ. Ala mmiri mmiri dị na ndịda America na-egosikwa na ndị na-achụ anụ na-amịpụta mkpụrụ, n'ihi na a na-adọta anụmanụ ndị nwere mkpuchi bara uru dị ka jaguars, anụ ọhịa wolf ndị mmadụ, caimans na agwọ na-adọta n'ime ala mmiri. A ka amabeghị mmetụta nke mwepụ nke nnukwu anụ ọhịa na ala mmiri South Africa.
Ụmụ mmadụ na-eritekwa uru site na ala mmiri n'ụzọ ndị na-apụtaghị ìhè. Ala mmiri na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ihe nzacha mmiri sitere n'okike, mgbe mpụta mmiri sitere na usoro okike ma ọ bụ nke mmadụ mere na-agafe, ala mmiri nwere ike ịkpachapụ anya. Ọ bụrụ na ala mmiri dị n'etiti mpaghara ọrụ ugbo na gburugburu ebe obibi mmiri dị ọhụrụ, mmiri mmiri ga-ejupụta na mmiri fatịlaịza ma jiri ya mee ka usoro ahụ ji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-eme na-eme, site na oge mmiri ahụ rutere n'ebe obibi mmiri dị ọhụrụ, a gaghị enwe fatịlaịza ga-ezuru. na-eme ka ifuru algal na-emebi emebi nke na-emebi gburugburu ebe obibi mmiri dị ọhụrụ. thumb|433x433px|Ala Mmiri Bramiana
Ihe na-abụghị nke okike na - emebi ala mmiri
Iji chekwaa akụ ndị a na-amịpụta na ala mmiri, atumatu dị ugbu a bụ ịhazi ala mmiri na-ebute ụzọ maka nchekwa ala mmiri na-arụ ọrụ gburugburu ebe obibi, mepụta ogbugba mmiri n'ubi nke ọma maka ala mmiri mmiri a na-eji maka ugbo na igbochi ohere ịnweta ala mmiri site na ndị njem nlegharị anya.
Mmiri dị n'okpuru ala
thumb|439x439px|Ụzọ mmiri na-asọ n'okpuru ala dịgasị iche iche n"ogologo, omimi na oge njem site na ebe a na - na isi na usoro mmiri dị n "n'ime ala" Mmiri bụ ihe dị mkpa achọrọ iji dịrị ndụ kwa ụbọchị. N'akụkọ ihe mere eme, mmiri enweela mmetụta dị ukwuu n'ọganihu na ọganihu mba na gburugburu ụwa. Mmiri dị n'ime ala bụ mmiri nke dị na mpaghara ndị jupụtara n'okpuru ala, a na-akpọ elu elu nke mpaghara ahụ jupụtara na tebụl mmiri. A na-ejide mmiri dị n'ime ala na oghere na mgbaji nke ihe ndị dị n'okpuru ala dị ka ájá, gravel na nkume ndị ọzọ, a na-akpọ ihe ndị a nkume aquifers. Mmiri dị n'ime ala nwere ike isi na ihe okwute pụta ma ọ bụ nwee ike ịgbapụta ya. Mmiri dị n'ime ala na-enye olulu mmiri na mmiri mmiri maka onwe, ọrụ ugbo, na nke ọha na eze na-eji ihe karịrị otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ndị bi n'ụwa eme ihe kwa ụbọchị maka mmiri ọṅụṅụ ha. N'ụwa niile, mmiri dị n'ime ala dị nde cubic kilomita 22.6 na naanị nde .35 n'ime ya ka enwere ike imeghari.
Mmiri dị n'okpuru ala dị ka ihe a na-apụghị imezigharị
A na-ewere mmiri dị n'ime ala dị ka ihe a na-apụghị imegharịgharịgharị n'ihi na ihe na-erughị pasentị isii nke mmiri gburugburu ụwa na-ejuputa ma na-emegharị ọhụrụ n'oge oge mmadụ nke afọ 50. Ndị mmadụ na-eji mmiri na-adịghị emezigharị nke dị ọtụtụ puku afọ, na mpaghara ndị dị ka Egypt, ha na-eji mmiri nke nwere ike ime ka ọ dị ọhụrụ otu nde afọ gara aga bụ nke a na-apụghị imeghari n'oge mmadụ. N'ime mmiri ala a na-eji arụ ọrụ ugbo 16 ruo 33% bụ nke anaghị emeghari. A na-eme atụmatụ na ebe ọ bụ na 1960s mmịpụta mmiri dị n'ime ala amụbaala okpukpu abụọ, nke mere ka mmiri dị n'ime ala mụbaa. N'ihi mmụba a nke mbelata, n'akụkụ ụfọdụ nke kacha agwụcha, iji mmiri dị n'ime ala maka ịgba mmiri aghọwo ihe na-agaghị ekwe omume ma ọ bụ na-akwụ ụgwọ.
Mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi
Iji mmiri dị n'ime ala emebiga ihe ókè, ndị agadi ma ọ bụ ndị na-eto eto, nwere ike iweda ọkwa mmiri dị n'okpuru ala ma kpoo mmiri iyi, nke nwere ike inwe mmetụta dị ukwuu na gburugburu ebe obibi n'elu. Mgbe a na-ewepụ mmiri dị n'ime ala dị mfe ịnwetaghachi nke ọma, nke a na-ahapụ ihe fọdụrụ na àgwà mmiri dị ala. Nke a bụ n'otu akụkụ site na mwepu sitere n'elu ala, na-ekpuchi akwa ma ọ bụ mmiri mmiri dị n'akụkụ nke nwere saline ma ọ bụ mmiri emetọru. Gburugburu ụwa oke mbelata mmiri dị n'ime ala site na nchekwa nwere ike buru oke nke nwere ike bụrụ ihe na-atụnye ụtụ na ịrị elu oke osimiri.
Mbelata
Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọha mmadụ na-anabata mbelata akụrụngwa mmiri site n'ịgbanwe ebumnobi njikwa site na ọnọdụ na imepụta ngwa ọhụrụ iji kwalite nchekwa na mbugharị ngwa ahịa dị ugbu a. Enwere echiche abụọ dị iche iche maka mbelata mmiri dị n'ime ala, nke mbụ bụ na a na-ahụta mbelata n'ụzọ nkịtị na naanị dị ka mbelata oke mmiri na mpaghara juputara, n'agbanyeghị echiche ịdị mma mmiri. Echiche nke abụọ na-ele mbelata dị ka mbelata oke mmiri dị n'ime ala dị ọhụrụ na nchekwa.
Enweghị ihe onwunwe dị ka nsogbu omume
Ndị nchọpụta bụ ndị mepụtara mmelite nke akụkọ Club of Rome's Limits to Growth na-achọpụta na ọtụtụ ndị na-agọnahụ ịdị adị nke nsogbu ụkọ, gụnyere ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Nke a nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'ịchọghị ịgbanwe usoro oriri nke onwe ya ma ọ bụ ikesa akụrụngwa sitere n'okike dị ụkọ karịa, ma ọ bụ n'usoro nchekwa nke mmụọ.
Ụkọ ihe onwunwe na-ebute nsogbu omume bụ isi gbasara nkesa na oke nke akụ ndị sitere n'okike. Asọmpi pụtara na ndị kachasị elu na-enweta ọtụtụ ihe onwunwe, nke na-apụtakarị West mepere emepe. Nsogbu ebe a bụ na West amalitela akụkụ site na ọrụ ohu nke colonial na ime ihe ike na akụkụ site na atumatu nchebe, bụ nke jikọtara ọtụtụ mba na-enweghị mmepe. Nsogbu nke omume bụ, n'ihi akụkọ ihe mere eme dị otú ahụ, nke mere ka mba dị iche iche nwee ọganihu dị iche iche na asọmpi, enwere ike ịtụle asọmpi iji kesaa ihe onwunwe n'ụzọ ziri ezi na nke ziri ezi?
N'ọdịnihu, imekọ ihe ọnụ mba ụwa n'ịkekọrịta akụrụngwa dị ụkọ ga-adịwanye mkpa. Ebe ụkọ na-etinye uche na akụrụngwa ndị na-adịghị emeghari ohuru nke na-arụ ọrụ kachasị mkpa n'igbo mkpa, ihe kachasị mkpa maka mmezu nke ikike mmadụ bụ oke zuru oke na nke ziri ezi nke ụkọ. Ịha nhatanha, nke a na-ewere n'oke ya, na-akpata oke iwe, nke nwere ike ịkpata ọgba aghara ọha na eze na ọbụna agha. Ọtụtụ ndị ọkachamara kwenyere na ịhụ na mmepe ziri ezi bụ naanị ụzọ ekwesịrị iji kesaa ụkọ n'udo.
Ụzọ ọzọ a na-esi ewepụ ihe onwunwe bụ usoro nchịkọta nke nkwụsịtụ na nhazigharị ebe mmadụ na-agbalịsi ike ịkwụsị njedebe nke usoro mmekọrịta mmadụ na-atụgharị n'ime ihe ndị na-adịghị adịgide adịgide, dịka ọmụmaatụ, ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-adịghị agbanwe agbanwe, na ịzụlite kama usoro nke ịtụgharị ihe na-adịgide adịgide n'ime ihe ndị na-adịgide adịgide. akụrụngwa dịka ọmụmaatụ, akụrụngwa mmadụ nwere ike imeghari.
Celestino Mukavhi
Celestino Mukavhi (a mụrụ ya na Septemba 27, 1972) bụ onye Zimbabwe na-akpụ ihe.
Ọ bụ nwa amaala nke mpaghara Bikita nke mpaghara Masvingo, Masvingo bụ nwa ikpeazụ a mụrụ n'ime ezinụlọ mmadụ itoolu. Nne na nna ya bụ ndị ọrụ ugbo na-agụghị akwụkwọ. N'afọ 1975, e gburu nne ya n'ọkụ n'oge agha maka nnwere onwe. Mukhavi tolitere n'ala obodo, na-ahapụ ụlọ akwụkwọ n'afọ 1987 iji malite ọrụ dị ka onye ọrụ ugbo. N'afọ 1989, e gburu nna ya, a manyere ya ịkwaga Harare iji chọọ ọrụ ka mma. N'enweghị ebe obibi ruo oge ụfọdụ, ọ na-ehi ụra n'akụkụ ụzọ Chapungu mgbe Boira Mteki chọpụtara ya, onye kpọrọ ya ka ọ mụọ nka nke ịkpụ nkume. Masvingo mere, na-enyere ya aka ruo ọnwa isii. Ya na Agnes Nyanhong, Arthur Fata, Cosmas Muchenje, na Garrison Machinjili rụkọrọ ọrụ. Ọrụ ya nwetara nkwanye ùgwù na ihe ngosi Zimbabwe Roots nke afọ 1992; n'afọ 1993 ọ ghọrọ onye na-ese ihe na Chapungu Sculpture Park.
Ọ nọ na Zimbabwe ugbu a ma ọ na-aga n'ihu na-eme ihe ngosi nka. Mukavhi nwere mmasị na ezinụlọ ma bụrụ nwoke hụrụ udo n'anya. Ndị a bụ isiokwu mmadụ ga-ahụ na ọrụ ọkpụkpụ ya. Ọ na-aga German site n'oge ruo n'oge ebe enwere ahịa maka ndị na-akpụ ya.
Sylvester Mubayi
Sylvester Mubayi (a mụrụ ya n'afọ 1942) bụ onye Zimbabwe na-akpụ ihe.
Ọ bụ nwafọ Chiota Reserve dị nso na Marondera, Mubayi rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-agụ akwụkwọ ụtaba mgbe ọ hapụrụ ụlọ akwụkwọ; n'afọ 1966 ọ kwagara Salisbury ịchọ ọrụ na Chibuku Breweries. Ọ sonyeere Tengenenge Sculpture Community n'afọ 1967 dị ka otu n'ime ndị mbụ so na ya, ma mesịa rụọ ọrụ na Workshop School nke Frank McEwen hiwere na Vukutu. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese ihe na Chapungu Sculpture Park. Mubayi bi ma na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a na Chitungwiza; ihe ọkpụkpụ ya sitere na akụkọ nke mmụọ na ihe karịrị ike mmadụ. National Gallery of Zimbabwe mere ihe ngosi nke ọrụ ndụ ya n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2008 iji nweta otuto dị ukwuu.
njikọ
www.zimsculpt.com/artist.php?id=26 Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Kolskaya (jack-up rig)
Kolskaya bụ ihe eji eme ihe na-arụ ọrụ na Russian Far East. Ọ bụ Rauma-Repola wuru yá nà Pori, Finland n'afọ 1985 ma ụlọ ọrụ Russia ArktikmorNeftegazRazvedka (AMNGR), nkè Zarubezhneft.
Kolskaya bụ ihe kwụụrụ onwé yá nké nwéré ụdị jack-up. Ọ dị mita iri isii na itoolu (226 ft) n'ogologo na mita iri asatọ (260 ) n"obosara, ma nwee ike ịnabata mmadụ 102. miri miri emi ya màkà ọrụ bụ 328 feet (100 m). Ogologo oghere ya bụ 21,325 feet (6,500 ).
Ntinye na mmiri
N'abalị iri na asatọ n'ọnwa Disemba n'afọ 2011, ụgbọ mmiri ahụ, nkè a na-adọkpụ n'ogè oké ifufe, tụgharịrị ma mikpuo n'Oké Osimiri Okhotsk. Ọ na-adọkpụ site na icebreaker Magadan na tugboat Neftegaz-55 ka emechara olulu nyocha màkà Gazprom na Kamchatka Peninsula. Ihe omume ahụ mèrè ihe dị ka kilota narị abụọ (120 mi) site n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke agwaetiti Sakhalin, na mmiri karịrị mita Otu puku (3,300 ) miri emi. N'ihe gbásárá nchekwa ọrụ, nkwenye nke ọrụ ịdọrọ na omume kachasị mma bụ ihe a na-enyo enyo ébé ọ bụ na ónyé na-emepụta ikpo okwu kwùrù n'ụzọ doro ányá na "a machibidoro ịdọrọ n'oge oyi, na mpaghara ógè oyi".
Mgbalị nchọta na nnapụta bidoro ozugbo ụgbọ mmiri ahụ mikpuru ma kwụsị ụbọchị ise ka e mesịrị na Disemba ụbọchị iri abụo na abụọ. N'ime mmadụ iri isii na asaa a maara na ha nọ n'ụgbọ Kolskaya, a napụtara mmadụ iri na anọ ma depụta mmadụ iri atọ na isií ọzọ dị ka ndị furu efu. Naanị ozu iri na asaa ka a chọtara. Na ịri ise na atọ kwùrù na ha furu efu ma ọ bụ nwụọla, ọ bụ ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị ukwuu nke ndị nwụrụ n'ihe mberede nke ngalaba mmanụ Russia nwetụrụla.
Ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ n'agha obodo Siria na Jọdan
Ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ na Jọdan bilitere site na nnupụisi megide gọọmentị Siria na ónyé isi ala ya Bashar al-Assad. Ihe fọrọ nkè nta ka ọ bụrụ ndị Siria puku iri na atọ kwa ụbọchị malitere ịba na Jọdan iji biri n'ogige ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ ya.
Dị ka ntakịrị mba na-adabere na enyemaka na-ata ahụhụ site na nsogbụ ego na gbụrụ-gbúrụ ébé obibi, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị Siria na-achọ ebe mgbaba na Jọdan emeela ka ihe onwunwe mba ahụ, ọkachasị mmiri na ọrụ ugbo. Dị ka otu n'ime mba iri kachasị akọrọ n'ụwa, ndụ ndị Jọdan nọ n'ihe ize ndụ, na mbata nke ndị ọhụrụ bi na ya emeela ka nsogbụ nke ụkọ mmiri ka njọ.
Ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ n'Agha Obodo Siria
N'ihi nnupụisi megide gọọmentị Siria na onye isi ala ya Bashar al-Assad, bido n'afọ 2011, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ndị Siria puku abuo kwa ụbọchị bịdọrọ ịba na Jọdan iji biri n'ogige ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ mbụ dị nso na Mafraq, nke UNHCR mepụtara. Dị ka obere mba, nke na-adabere na enyemaka, nke na na-ata ahụhụ site na nsogbụ ego na gbụrụ-gbúrụ ébé obibi, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị Siria na-achọ ebe mgbaba na Jọdan emeela ka akụ na ụba mba ahụ sie ike karịsịa mmiri na ọrụ ugbo. Jọdan bụ otu n'ime mba iri kachasị njọ n'ụwa nke na-etinye ndụ ụmụ amaala ya n'ihe ize ndụ. Ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ emeela ka ụlọ ọrụ enyemaka na-arịọ ego na enyemaka ndị ọzọ n'aka ike mba ụwa. Ka ọ na-erule n'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2015, UNHCR kọrọ na e nwere 4,289,994 ndị Siria "ndị nwere nchegbu" nke 630,776 n'ime ha debanyere aha dị ka ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ na Jọdan. E nwere ihe dị ka nde 1.8 ndị Siria gbara ọsọ ndụ na Jọdan, naanị pasent 20 bi na Zaïatari, Marjeeb al-Fahood, Cyber City na ogige ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ Al-Azraq. Site na ọtụtụ ndị Syrian gbara ọsọ ndụ na steeti ahụ dum, ọkachasị na Amman, Irbid, Al-Mafraq, na Jerash, ihe onwunwe gbụrụ-gbúrụ ebe obibi dị ụkọ maka ndị Siria na ndị Jordan ha. Nke a na-eme ka nrụgide na akụrụngwa Jọdan dịkwuo elu, ọkachasị inye mmiri, ụlọ mposi, ụlọ, na ike.
Ka ndị Siria na-aga n'ihu na-abanye na Jọdan, esemokwu na-agagide na-arị elu ma na-akpata nrụgide na ọha mmadụ ya. Esemokwu dị n'etiti ndị Jordan na ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ Siria na-ahụkarị n'obodo ukwu na mpaghara ndị gbara ya gburugburu na mpụga ogige ndị gbara ọsọ ọsọ ndụ, ebe a kwagara ọtụtụ n'ime ha. N'ịmụta ohere, ihe onwunwe, ọrụ, na mmiri ruo ogologo oge, ndị Syrian a gbara ọsọ ndụ nwèrè ike ịlụ ọgụ n'oge na-adịghị anya na ndị bi na Jọdan. "Ezi" ego a na-efu iji kwado ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ gụnyere enyemaka ọkụ eletrik na mmiri nke na-efu gọọmentị Jọdan ihe dị ka puku dollar atọ kwa afọ, ónyé ọ bụla Siria, yana ọkara nke mmefu ego nke Ministri Ahụike màkà nlekọta ahụike ma ọ bụ narị dollar atọ na iri ise nde. E nyela ndị ọrụ Siria iwu na-akwadoghị ọrụ otu narị na iri isii ebe pasent iri abụo nke ụmụ amaala Jọdan ka na-enweghị ọrụ.
Mmekọahụ na ime ihe ike metụtara nwoke na nwanyị n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ agbọghọ gbara ọsọ ndụ
Ime ihe ike dabere na nwoke na nwanyị (GBV) bụ okwu nke na-agụnye ime ihe ike nke bụ mmekọahụ, anụ ahụ, uche, ma ọ bụ akụ na ụba n'ụdị.1 Enwere ike ime ihe ike a n'ihu ọha ma ọ bụ na nzuzo ma nwee ike ịgụnye nrụgide, njikwa, na iyi egwu nke ime ihe ike. Ihe atụ nke GBV bụ ime ihe ike nke ónyé òtù ọlụlụ (IPV), alụmdi na nwunye ụmụaka, mwakpo mmekọahụ, igbu akụkụ ahụ nwanyị, na mpụ nsọpụrụ. GBV na-esikarị na ike na-ahaghị nhata n'etiti ónyé na-eme ya na onye na-ahụ màkà ime ihe ike ahụ, n'ọnọdụ a, enweghị nhata nwoke na nwanyị. Nnyocha na-egosi na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ nọ n'ọnọdụ dị elu nke ịnwe GBV, n'ihi ihe ize ndụ dị ka esemokwu agha na ịdị nso na ndị na-eme ihe nkiri, ịkwaga, ọnọdụ mmekọrịta na akụ na ụba na gbụrụ-gbúrụ ébé obibi na-emebi emebi, na enweghị nchekwa na ebe obibi.
Otu nnyocha gosiri na pasentị 83 nke ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ kọrọ na ha enweghị ihe ọmụma gbasara ọrụ ndị GBV lanarịrị na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ pasentị iri na ise nkè ndị zaghachirinụ kwenyere na ụmụ agbọghọ enweghị ike ịnweta ọrụ ahụike. Naanị 3.9% nke ndị zaghachirinụ chere na ha ga-aga ụlọ ọgwụ ahụike màkà enyemaka dị ka nhọrọ mbụ mgbe ha nwesịrị ime ihe ike mmekọahụ, ebe 12.1% nke ndị zaghachi chere na ha agaghị agwọ ụlọ ọgwụ ahụ ike dị ka nhọrọ mbu mgbe ha nwetasịrị ime ihe ọjọọ. Ihe onwunwe màkà ndị GBV lanarịrị gụnyere, mana ọ bụghị nanị, Salma (Life is Possible Without Violence), Aisha (Arab Woman Forum), Arab Women Organization, Sisterhood is Global Institute, na ọrụ gọọmentị na ndị na-abụghị gọọmentị nke Jordan Hashemite Charity Organization for Relief and Development (JHCO) na-elekọta.
Edensibia
Òtù:All articles with unsourced statements
IMDb
IMDb ( bu Internet Movie Database ) bụ nchekwa data dị n'ịntanetị nke metụtara ihe nkiri, usoro onyonyo, vidiyo ụlọ, egwuregwu vidiyo, na nkwanye ọdịnaya n'ịntanetị - gụnyere nkedo, ndị ọrụ mmepụta na akụkọ ndụ onwe, nchịkọta nkata, obere ihe na fan na oké ekwu. IMDb malitere dị ka nchekwa data ihe nkiri na-akwado na otu Usenet "rec.arts.movies" na 1990, wee kwaga na webụ na 1993. Ọ bụ IMDb.com, Inc. nwere ma na-arụ ya ugbu a, enyemaka nke Amazon.
Dị ka ụlọ ọrụ nọọrọ onwe ya
Na 1996 ka etinyere IMDb na United Kingdom, ka ọ bụrụ Internet Movie Database Ltd. Onye guzobere ya bu Col Needham ghọrọ onye nwe mbụ. E nwetara ego n'ozuzu maka ọrụ saịtị site na mgbasa ozi, ikikere na mmekọ.
Ọnụọgụ
Site na Junu 2021, IMDb nwere ọnụọgụgụ a:
John Apea
John Apea bụ onye Ghana na-eme ihe nkiri. N'afọ 2008, o ritere Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Screenplay maka ihe nkiri Run Baby Run nke o gosikwara dịka onye isi na-eme ihe nkiri.
Run Baby Run nwetara nhọpụta asatọ ma merie ihe nrite anọ na Africa Movie Academy Awards n'afọ 2008, gụnyere onyinye maka Best Picture, Best Director na Best Screenplay.
Ọrụ
Apea gụrụ akwụkwọ na Achimota School na Sociology na Social Policy na Mahadum York nàkwà Mahadum Oxford. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị isi na-eme ihe nkiri na usoro telivishọn Ghana a ma ama Home Sweet Home. Ugbu a, ọ bụ onye isi ndị isi oche (CEO) nke eTranzact Ghana, otu n'ime ndị na-ahụ maka ụlọ akụ na ọrụ ịkwụ ụgwọ.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
The Set Up (2019 film)
The Set Up nụ ihe nkiri Naijiria nke afọ 2019 bụ ihe nkiri mkpali mmụọ nke ejije ,mpụ na ihe ga-eme na ọdịnihu nke Niyi Akinmolayan duziri. ihe nkiri a gosipụtara Dakore Akande, Adesua Etomi na Kehinde Bankole ka ndị isi ọrụ. akụkọ ndị na ihe nkiri a bụ gbasara nwata nwaanyị onye hapụrụ àgwà ezi akparamagwa ya mgbe ọ na-eri eto wee bụrụ onye ohi,iji rijuo afọ na ndụ. Eweputara ihe nkiri a n'abalị iteghete nke ọnwa ọgọstụ nke afọ 2019 ma nwetakwa  nnabata na nkwutọ maka ntụgharị akụkọ ndịnaya. Agbanyeghị nnabata n'ezigbo oke,ihe nkiri a nwere ihe ịga nke ọma na igbe ụlọ ọrụ. E gosipụtara ihe nkiri a na Netflix n'abalị iri abụọ na abụọ nke ọnwa April, afọ 2020.
Akụkọ Ndịnaya
Ụmụ nwanyị abụọ, Grace (Kehinde Bakole) na Chike (Adesua Etomi), ezigbo enyi, mechara bụrụ ndị na-ere ọgwụ iji dị ndụ. Chike bụ onye na-ebu ọgwụ ọjọọ natara ego na ọgwụ karịa ihe akpara ha wee dobanye ya n'ụdị ọnyà aghụghọ mgbe ndị socialites Edem (Jim Iyke) na Madame (Tina Mba) gooro ya ka ọ lụọ onye isi bara ọgaranya (Dakore Akande).
Mmepụta
Ihe nkiri a mere akara nke asaa nke nduzi ihe nkiri nyere Niyi Akinmolayan mgbe Kajola, Mee a Paghaa, Ụra, The Arbitration, The Wedding Party 2 na Chief Daddy gachara. Ihe nkiri a gosikwara mmekorita nke abụọ n'etiti onye nduzi Niyi na onye edemede Chiza Onuzo ka The Wedding Party 2 gasịrị ma emepụtara ihe nkiri ahụ n'okpuru ọkọlọtọ Inkblot Productions, na-egosi ihe nkiri nke iri ya. Emere ụfọdụ ihe nkiri ahụ na Lagos. Ekpughere Mmalite nke ihe nkiri ahụ na Julaị 3,2019. Emere ihe nkiri a mbụ na FilmHouse cinemas dị na Lagos n'abalị anọ nke ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2019.
Rizky Eka Pratama
Muhammad Rizky Eka Pratama (amụrụ na 24 Disemba 1999) bụ onye Indonesian ọkachamara na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba dịka winger maka Liga 1 club PSM Makassar.
PSM Makassar
Ọ bịanyere aka na PSM Makassar ka ọ gbaa bọọlụ na Liga 1 n'afọ 2019. Rizky Eka mere nke mbụ ya na 27 Septemba 2019 na egwuregwu megide Persipura Jayapura. N'abalị iri na asatọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2019, Rizky gbara goolu mbụ ya maka PSM megide Persipura Jayapura na nkeji nke iri atọ na anọ na Andi morning Mattalatta Stadium, Makassar.
Ọrụ mba ụwa
N'ọnwa Nọvemba 2019, a kpọrọ Rizky aha dị ka ndị otu Indonesia U-20 All Stars, iji gbaa bọọlụ na U-20 International Cup nke e mere na Bali.
Up North (film)
Up North bụ ihe nkiri Ejije Nigeria nke afọ 2018 nke Anakle Films na Inkblot Productionsmepụtara ma Tope Oshin duziri ya. Naz Onuzo na Bunmi Ajakaiye dere ihe onyonyo a, nke dabere na akụkọ sitere n'aka Editi Effiong. 'Emekariri ya na Bauchi,ma mee otu izu ya na Legọs.
Okawa Shaznay
Okawa Shaznay bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri Nollywood si Cameroon na onye mbụ si mba ya iji nwee ihe ịga nke ọma banye Nollywood na ọrụ ya na ihe nkiri blockbuster Iyore; na-eme n'akụkụ Rita Dominic na Joseph Benjamin. Okawa Shaznay enwetakwala ihe a ma ama site na ọrụ ya na usoro ihe nkiri TV nke afọ 2016 Delilah: The Mysterious Case of Delilah Ambrose. O meriri onyinye Exquisite Lady of the Year (ELOY) maka TV Actress of the year n'afọ 2016 maka ọrụ ya na Delilah.
Mmalite ndụ na ezinụlọ
A mụrụ Okawa Shaznay na Cameroon. Ọ malitere agụmakwụkwọ sekọndrị ya na Presbyterian Secondary School Mankon, Bamenda, Cameroon. Shaznay mechara kwaga United States, ebe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na nzere bachelọ na ndekọ ego na Mahadum Texas Southern.
Ọrụ
O mekwara ihe nkiri n'afọ 2016 wepụtara "REFUGEES" nke e mere na Ghana n'afọ 2012 ma wuchaa na Atlanta USA n'ime ọnwa ndị ikpeazụ nke afọ 2013.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Abiola Odumosu
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Abiola Ogunbanwo
Abiola Ogunbanwo (amuru na ọnwa 19 Eprel nke afọ 2004) bu onye egwu egwu Naijiria. N'afọ 2019, ọ nọchitere anya Naịjirịa na asọmpi mmiri mmiri n'ụwa nke 2019 emere na Gwangju, South Korea. Ọ gbara asọmpi n'asọmpị 100 nke ụmụ nwanyị na egwuregwu 200 nke ụmụ nwanyị. N'ihe omume abụọ a ọ gara n'ihu ịsọ mpi na ọkara nke ikpeazụ.
Na 2018, ọ gbara asọmpi abụọ na asọmpi igwu mmiri ụwa nke 2018 FINA (25 m) emere na Hangzhou, China. N'afọ 2021, ọ gbara asọmpi n'asọmpi 100 nke ụmụ nwanyị na asọmpi Olimpik Summer 2020 nke emere na Tokyo, Japan.
Godfrey Mtenga
Godfrey Mtenga (b. c. 1965) bụ onye Zimbabwe na-akpụ ihe. Ọ bụ nwafọ Chitaunhike na mpaghara Guruve, ọ hapụrụ ụlọ akwụkwọ mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asatọ wee malite ịkpụ ihe n'afọ 1987, ya na Brighton Sango na-arụ ọrụ. Mgbe ọnwa isii gasịrị, ọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ n'onwe ya. E gosipụtara ya na Ngosipụta Kwa Afọ na National Gallery of Zimbabwe n'afọ 1989.
Grace Obour
Grace Obour (amụrụ na 13 Mee na afo 2001) bụ onye Ghana na-agba ọsọ ọsọ. O ritere ọla nchara na afọ 2019 African Games.
Godfrey Mtenga
Ebensidee
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Grace Obour
Grace Obour nwetara ahụmịhe mba ụwa mbụ ya na afọ 2019 African Youth Championships na Abidjan.
N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, ọ ruru ọkara ikpeazụ na African Games na Rabat na mita 200, ebe e wepụrụ ya. O meriri ọla nchara n'azụ Galefele Moroko na Favor Ofili karịa mita 400 na 51.86 s.
Ọ na-asọ mpi maka Mahadum nke Ghana.
Ihe odide
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Jems Robert Koko Bi
Jems Robert Koko Bi bụ onye Ivory Coast na-akpụ ihe.
A mụrụ ya na 1966, na Sifra, Ivory Coast. Ọ gụrụ maka akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Spain n'etiti afọ 1986 na 1988 na Mahadum Abidjan. N'etiti afọ 1988 na 1995 ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Institut National Supérieur des Arts et de l'Action Culturelle (INSAAC) na Abidjan. N'afọ 1997, ọ meriri DAAD scholarship wee kwaga Germany ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Kunstakademie Düsseldorf ya na Klaus Rinke.
Ihe ngosi
"The Divine Comedy. Eluigwe, Pọgatọ na Hel Ndị Na-ese Ihe n'Africa nke Oge A Na-eleta" -Museum für Moderne Kunst (MMK), Frankfurt/Main
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Anja Marais
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Anja Marais (a mụrụ n'afọ 1974) bụ onye South Africa na-akpụ ihe na onye na-ese ihe dịgasị iche iche. Ọ rụchara ebe obibi na Japan, Korea, Russia na Florida ma mechaa ihe ngosi naanị ya na otu na Eshia, Europe na US.
Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Anja Marais n'afọ 1974 Sabie, Mpumalanga, South Africa. Ọ gara Mahadum nke Pretoria ebe ọ gụrụ nka ọhụụ ma gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum nke South Africa na Pretoria n'afọ 1998. Ógè ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ kwagara Florida ebe ọ ghọrọ onye natara Florida Individual Artist Grant ma họrọ ya dị ka onye sonyere na Creative Capitol Professional workshop site na Florida Division of Cultural Affairs. Ọrụ ya pụtara na Art in America, Artnews na Florida International Magazine.
N'afọ 2009, ọ gụsịrị Mino Paper Art Residency, na-amụta usoro ịme akwụkwọ oge ochie site n'aka ndị nna ukwu Japan. Marais gara Korea n'afọ 2010 n'ihe banyere Seoul Art Space Geumcheon Residency n'afọ 2013, ọ gụchara NCCA Art-residency na Kronstadt, Russia. Ihe ọkpụkpụ na ntinye nke Marais na-enyocha esemokwu na usoro ndụ dị ka nwoke-nwanyị, ndụ-ọnwụ, ọdịdị-azụlite na adịghị ike ha na ịdị ụtọ ha.
Marais emepụtala ihe ngosi naanị ya na Miami, Florida; Seoul, South Korea; St. Mary's City, Maryland; Key West, Florida; na Smyrna Beach ma sonye na ihe ngosi otu na Basel, Switzerland; Miami; Havana, Cuba; Sarasota, Florida; Cannes, France; na St. Petersburg, Russia. Ọrụ ya bụ akụkụ nke nchịkọta na Akari Museum, Mino City, Japan; Barry D. Briskin, Onye isi oche nke American Folk Art Museum, Private Collection, NY; Jean Carper Private Collection, Key West, FL; Museum of Contemporary Art, Miami, FL; Ed Reilly Private Collection, New York, NY na Victoria Lesser Private Collection, North Branch, NY. N'afọ 2015, ọ na-eme njem na ihe ngosi nkesa ozi dị iche iche a na-akpọ “The Ballast” ma gosipụta ya na ihe ngosi naanị ya na Greeley, Colorado.