cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Nchekwa Mba Nile
Nkatọ
A katọrọ CI maka njikọ ya na ụlọ ọrụ ndị dị ka BP, Cargill, Chevron, Monsanto na Shell. CI agbachitere ọrụ ya na ngalaba onwe, na-ekwu na mgbanwe chọrọ ịrụ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ ndị nwere nnukwu mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi.
Akụkọ 2008 na The Nation kwuru na nzukọ ahụ dọtara $ 6 nde maka nchekwa mmiri na Papua New Guinea, mana na ejiri ego ahụ mee ihe maka "ihe karịrị ọfịs mara mma na njem klas mbụ". CI ekwuola na ọrụ ya na Papua New Guinea, na-azọrọ na ha enyewo aka na nchọpụta sayensị ọhụrụ na nguzobe ebe nchekwa ọhụrụ. Ka ọ na-erule 2016, CI anaghịzi arụ ọrụ na Papua New Guinea.
N'ọnọ Mee na June afọ 2013, Survival International kọrọ na a na-eyi otu ụdị Bushman dị na Botswana egwu pụpụ ha n'ala nna ha iji jide ụzọ anụ anụ a maara dị ka Western Kgalagadi Conservation Corridor. Onye ọrịa anya Botswana gọnahụrụ nke a. Mgbasa ozi nke Mee site na CI kwuru, "N'adịghị ka ndị ndu ndị na-adịbeghị anya, Conservation International (CI) element aka na mme usoro nchekwa na Botswana 2011," ma kwuo na CI na-akwado San Bushmen na ikike ha mgbe niile.
Ihe odide
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations
Benneth Nwankwo
thumb|Benneth Nwankwo Benneth Nwankwo (amuru Febụwarị 22, 1995) bụ onye Naịjirịa na -ese foto na onye isi ihe nkiri. Ọ bụ onye okpuru ọchịchị Orumba North, Anambra steeti, Naịjirịa.
Ọrụ
Nwankwo eduzila ọtụtụ ihe nkiri nke oge a, gụnyere Like Filtered Water (2021), Abuse Of Rights (2021), This Is My Story (2020) na Dreams and Survival (2020). N'April 2021, a gwara ya na ọ ga -eduzi ihe nkiri a bụ A Place Between Colours.
Dị ka onye na -ese foto na onye na -eme ihe ngosi, na Jenụwarị 31, 2020, o mere ihe e weere dị ka ihe ngosi foto ụmụ amaala nke mbụ na Anambra Steeti. Ihe mmemme a kpọrọ "Akaraka: Anambra through A Lens", nke dọtara ndị hụrụ nka na ihe nkiri si na Ndida Naịjirịa na ndị ọzọ. Ihe omume a, nke gosipụtara ihe ngosi a na ekiri mgbe omere, bụ nke a méré n'ihi ka ike mmepụta Steeti dị ka akụ njem nleta, na -enwe olileanya ịmepụta ohere akụnaụba na ibelata mpụ. Ewezuga Nwankwo, ndị ọzọ sere foto bụ Uju Egwin, Obiora Okoye, na Michael Ike.
Onye bụbu kọmishọna ndị okorobịa na akụnụba okike na steeti Anambra, Afam Mbanefo, nwere mmasị na Benneth Nwankwo ji foto akwụkwọ akụakọkọọ steeti Anambra. Ọ kpọrọ ndị okorobịa ka ha tinye aka na nka.
N'ọnwa Ọktoba 2017, Benneth Nwankwo bipụtara foto ya nke nwata nwoke dị afọ itoolu na-eree ukpa na Anambra Steeti. Foto ndị ahu kesara ngwa ngwa na ịntanetị niile, akwụkwọ akụkọ dị iche iche bipụtara ya na Naịjirịa. Ọtụtụ ndị Naịjirịa, gụnyere 2017 onye na -azọ ọkwa Govano 2017 na Anambra Steeti, Okeke Chika Jerry, kwupụtara mmasị inyere Nwatakịrị nwoke, Sunday Nweke, aka n'ịga n'ihu na agụmagu kwụkwọ ya.
Nkwenye
N'ọnwa Ọktoba 2020, ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ụlọ na Naịjirịa, De-GraceLand Home Consults, binyere Benneth Nwankwo na Chioma Okonkwo (Onye bụbu Miss Impact Anambra) ka ha bụrụ ndị nnọchiri anya há. Nkwekọrịta ahụ were otu afọ.
Touty Gandega
Touty Gandega (amụrụ na abalị iri abụo na onwa nke isii, na afọ June, 1991) bụ onye France-Malian na-agba bọọlụ basketball ụmụ nwanyị maka Angers Basket 49. Touty bụ nwanne nwanyị Diana Gandega onye na-egwu basketball.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Cindy Swanepoel
Cindy Swanepoel (a mụrụ na 15 Disemba 1981) bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri na South Africa. A maara ya nke ọma maka ọrụ ya na usoro ihe nkiri ndị a ma ama Generations, Binnelanders na Egoli: Place of Gold.
Ọrụ
O mere ihe nkiri mbụ ya dịka onye na-eme ihe nkiri na mmepụta ihe nkiri, Circles in a Forest nke Marinda Engelbrecht duziri. E mere ihe ngosi ahụ na Artscape Theater na Cape Town. N'afọ 2004, e mere mmepụta ahụ na Klein Karoo National Arts Festival. N'afọ 2005, ọ si Cape Town kwaga Johannesburg wee mee ihe nkiri igwe onyonyo mbụ ya na usoro telivisheneng, Egoli: Place of Gold. N'egwuregwu ahụ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ 'July'. Mgbe ihe ịga nke ọma nke egwuregwu ahụ gasịrị, ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ọtụtụ ihe nkiri: Houtkruis nke Elzette Maarschalk duziri n'afọ 2008 na Stephen van Niekerk n'afọ 2011. Ọ sonyeere mmepụta The Crucible nke Alby Michaels duziri.
Ọ sonyekwara na ọtụtụ usoro telivishọn gụnyere: The Mating Game, 90 Plein Street na Skeletons in the Closet, yana ihe nkiri ncha, 7th Avenue, Villa Rosa na Generations. Ọ pụtara na usoro ihe ọchị, Laugh out Loud na Proes Street. Mgbe ahụ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na usoro kykNET, Sterlopers.
N'afọ 2010, ọ rụrụ ọrụ 'Chrystal' na ihe nkiri Getroud Met Rugby. E mechara gbasaa ihe nkiri ahụ ka ọ bụrụ usoro telivishọn na kykNET. O mekwara ihe nkiri Nation's Garage, The Street's Bull na Ballad for a Single. N'afọ 2011, o guzobere ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe nkiri, 'Pôkô Events and Productions' ya na ndị mmekọ abụọ. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-echegbu onwe ya banyere mmepụta na ihe nkiri ụmụaka. N'afọ 2013 ọ pụtara na Curl Up and Dye nke onye na-ede abụ, Sue Pam-Grant duziri. N'afọ 2015 ọ sonyeere ndị soapie a ma ama Binnelanders ma rụọ ọrụ 'Annelize Roux'. Site na oge nke iri na abụọ n'afọ 2016, ọ ghọrọ onye na-eme ihe nkiri mgbe niile.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Human trafficking in Italy
Ịtali bụ mba na-aga ma na-agafe agafe maka ụmụnwanyị, ụmụaka, na ụmụnwoke na-atụ mgbere ahịa na mba dị iche iche maka ebumnuche nke mmegbu mmekọahụ na ọrụ mmanye. A na-atụ mgbere ahịa ụmụnwanyị na ụmụaka karịsịa site na mba Nigeria, Romania, Bulgaria, Moldova, Albania, na Ukraine kamakwa site na Russia, South America, North na East Africa, Middle East, China, na Uzbekistan. A na-ebuga ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị China na Ịtali maka ebumnuche nke ọrụ mmanye. A na-anọgide na-atụ mgbere ahịa ụmụaka ndị Rom maka ebumnuche nke mmegbu mmekọahụ na ịrịọ arịrịọ mmanye. A kọrọ na a na-azụ ahịa ọnụ ọgụgụ na-arịwanye elu nke ndị a metụtara maka ọrụ, ọkachasị na ngalaba ọrụ ugbo. Dị ka otu NGO si kwuo, pasentị 90 nke ndị ọrụ oge mba ọzọ edebeghị aha na ụzọ abụọ n'ụzọ atọ nọ n'Ịtali n'ụzọ iwu na-akwadoghị, na-eme ka ha nwee ike ịzụ ahịa. Mba ise kachasị elu maka ndị ọrụ ugbo bụ Romania, Pakistan, Albania, na Ivory Coast. A na-akọ na ndị na-azụ ahịa na-ebugharị ndị a na-ahụ maka ya ugboro ugboro n'ime Ịtali, na-edebekarị ndị ahụ n'obodo ukwu naanị ọnwa ole na ole n'otu oge, iji gbanahụ nchọpụta ndị uwe ojii.
Gọọmentị Ịtali na-agbaso ụkpụrụ kacha nta maka iwepụ ịzụ ahịa. N'oge akụkọ ahụ, gọọmentị kpagburu ma maa ndị na-atụ mgbere ahịa ikpe ma gaa n'ihu na-emejuputa usoro ya na-aga n'ihu maka nnapụta, nlọghachi, na iweghachite ndị na-azụ ahịa na Ịtali.
The New York Times kọrọ n'ọnwa Septemba afọ 2010, na ndị isi Ịtali nọ na Prato nwere ike ịkọwa ọnụ ọgụgụ na-arịwanye elu nke ndị mba China na-akwadoghị bụ ndị na-azụ ụlọ ọrụ Ịtali ma na-agbanwe onyinyo "mere na Ịtali" nke a maara nke ọma. Mpụ a haziri ahazi na-arị elu, gụnyere mbubata ihe na-akwadoghị, ịzụ ahịa mmadụ, ịgba akwụna, ịgba chaa chaa na ịla n'iyi ego. Ndị ọchịchị wakporo ihe karịrị ụlọ ọrụ 154 nke ndị China nwere na ọkara mbụ nke afọ 2010, n'oge ahụ, e nwere ihe karịrị ụlọ ọrụ 3,000 ndị mba China debanyere aha. Ndị uwe ojii enweghị ike iji nọrọ n'elu nsogbu mbata. E jidere ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ Ịtali na mbido afọ ahụ maka ịnara aka azụ n'ọnọdụ akwụkwọ ikike obibi.
N'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2010, Health Rights Watch kọrọ banyere mmetọ a na-emegbu ndị mbịarambịa nke ọtụtụ iwu gọọmentị na oghere nchebe kwere. Otu n'ime ndị e depụtara bụ Ịtali, onye site n'inye ụgbọ mmiri na ndị ọrụ na ndị nche n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke Libya, na-eziga ndị mbịarambịa, ọkachasị ndị Afrịka nọ n'okpuru Sahara, n'ime njide ndị Libya nke nwere ọnọdụ na-emebi emebi na enweghị obi mmadụ. Mba Libya na Ịtali mepụtara nkwekọrịta iji bipụ ụzọ isi ụgbọ mmiri na-aga Europe maka ndị mbịarambịa Afrịka na-akwadoghị, nke n'aka nke ya zigara ọtụtụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ na Israel, bụ ndị dekọrọ mmụba 300% na mmalite nke afọ 2010.
Ụlọ ọrụ US State Department na-enyocha ma na-alụso ịzụ ahịa mmadụ ọgụ tinyere mba ahụ na "Tier 1" n'afọ 2017.
Mkpesa
Gọọmentị Ịtali gara n'ihu na mgbalị ndị mmanye iwu siri ike n'afọ 2007. Ịtali machibidoro ụdị ọ bụla nke ịzụ ahịa mmadụ site na iwu ya nke afọ 2003 nke na-enye ntaramahụhụ na ikpe nke mkpọrọ dị n'agbata afọ asatọ na afọ iri abụọ. A na-ewere ntaramahụhụ ndị a dị oke oke ma jiri ya tụnyere ndị e nyere maka mwakpo mmekọahụ n'ike. Iwu gọọmentị nke afọ 2006 iji gbasaa iwu ịtụ mgbere ahịa ọrụ ya ma webata ntaramahụhụ ọhụrụ maka ndị na-ewe ọrụ ka dị n'ụdị edemede.
N'okwu ikpe dị mkpa n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2007, ụlọ ikpe mara ndị Ịtali anọ na ndị na-azụ ahịa mmadụ atọ nke Romania ikpe n'agbata afọ atọ na afọ iri na abụọ mgbe a mara ha ikpe maka ịgba akwụna na mmegbu nke ụmụaka ndị Rom 200 n'etiti afọ 2004 nakwa n'afọ 2006. N'ọnwa Juun afọ 2007, gọọmentị gbara mmadụ asatọ ndị omekome ndị ọzọ ikpe maka ebubo imetọ ụmụaka n'ụzọ mmekọahụ site na ịmanye ha ime omume mmekọahụ n'ọnọdụ obere onyinye. Nnyocha gọọmentị nke sitere na nnukwu mmegide mmegide ịzụ ahịa, “Operation Spartacus,” n’ n’ n’etiti Ọktoba afo 2006 nakwa Jenụwarị 2007, ka a na-akọ na ọ ka na-aga n’ihu. N'afọ 2007, ndị ọkàiwu Ịtali malitere nyocha ịzụ ahịa megide mmadụ 1,202, kpee ikpe 80 nke ịzụ ahịa, ụlọ ikpe mara ndị na-azụ ahịa 163 ikpe. Nkezi ikpe ahụ bụ afọ anọ. Gọọmentị kọrọ na ọtụtụ ndị na-atụ mgbere ahịa ka nọ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ n'oge ikpe mpụ. Maka ikpe nke ihe karịrị afọ abụọ, ndị a na-ebo ebubo erughị eru maka ikpe a kwụsịrị. Gọọmentị gara n'ihu na-ekpe ndị na-azụ ahịa iri na itoolu ikpe site na ikpe nke afọ 2006 nke metụtara ịzụ ahịa nke ndị na-azụ ahịa tomato na atọ na Poland na Apulia bụ ndị a na-erigbu n'ọnọdụ ọrụ mmanye, ma na-eme atụmatụ ịmalite ikpe ndị omekome anọ ọzọ na mbido afọ 2008. Mgbe ndị uwe ojii obodo Itali na-egbu oge ịzaghachi na mbụ, ndị ọkàiwu na Carabinieri nyochara ebubo nke njikọ aka gọọmentị mgbe a gwara ha ma ghara ịchọta ihe akaebe ọ bụla iji kwado ebubo ahụ.
Dị ka otu NGO dị na Genoa na-arụ ọrụ na ndị Naijiria na-ahụ maka ịtụ mgbere ahịa mmadụ, a tụrụ ụfọdụ ndị ọrụ gọọmentị mkpọrọ maka ime ka ịzụ ahịa dị mfe.
Nchedo
Gọọmentị Ịtali kwadoro mgbalị siri ike iji chebe ndị na-azụ ahịa n'oge akụkọ ahụ. Nkeji edemede nke iri na asatọ nke iwu mgbochi ịzụ ahịa na-enye ndị ọchịchị ohere inye ikike obibi ma nye nchebe na ọrụ ọzụzụ ọrụ nye ndị na-ahụ maka ịzụ ahịa, na n'oge akụkọ gọọmentị gbasaa uru nke iri na asatọ nye ndị na-ahụ maka ịzụ ahịa ọrụ. Gọọmentị nyere nde $ 3.75 n'afọ 2007 maka atụmatụ enyemaka mberede ọzọ ma kwado ọrụ iri abụọ na atọ nke NGO mejuputara. N'oge akụkọ ahụ, o nyere ihe dị ka nde $ 9.75 maka ọrụ enyemaka ndị mmadụ iri isii na ise, ọ bụ ezie na gọọmentị enyeghị data gbasara ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-azụ ahịa na-erite uru site na ọrụ ndị a ma ọ bụ ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị batara na mmemme nchedo ọha na eze. N'afọ 2007, NGO, site na ego gọọmentị, nyere ọzụzụ ịgụ na ide maka ndị 588 metụtara na ọzụzụ ọrụ aka maka 313, nyere 436 aka ịchọta ọrụ nwa oge na 907 ịchọta ọrụ na-adịgide adịgide. N'afọ 2007, Mịnịstrị nke ime obodo nyere ikike obibi 1,009 nye ndị nyere aka na nyocha ndị mmanye iwu. Gọọmentị hụkwara nlọghachi nke mmadụ iri isii na abụọ na-azụ ahịa si mba ọzọ n'afọ 2007 site n'inye ego maka mbugharị ha na nlọghachi ha ma nye ego maka ịhazigharị na mba ha. N'oge akụkọ ahụ, gọọmentị mejuputara usoro usoro maka njirimara ndị metụtara n'etiti ndị na-adịghị ike na mba Italy. N'agbanyeghi mbọ gọọmentị na-agba iji chọpụta ndị niile a na-azụ ahịa, ụfọdụ, dị ka ụmụnwanyị Naịjirịa na-emegbu mmekọahụ, ka a chụpụrụ ha. Dabere na akụkọ kọmitii nọọrọ onwe ya nke afọ 2006 na usoro njirimara ya maka ndị mbịarambịa na-abata n'ụgbọ mmiri si North Africa adịghị arụ ọrụ nke ọma, a kọrọ na gọọmentị meziwanye usoro ya maka ịchọpụta ndị na-azụ ahịa ma ugbu a na-enye ndị otu mba ụwa na NGO ohere inyocha ụlọ mkpọrọ na ịgba ndị mbịarambịa ajụjụ ọnụ. Ndị na-eme mkpesa megide ndị na-azụ ahịa anaghị eche ntaramahụhụ maka omume iwu na-akwadoghị mere n'ihi na a na-azụ ahịa ha. N'afọ 2007, gọọmentị mere ụkpụrụ nduzi maka njirimara nke ndị ọrụ mmanye metụtara ma kwalite ọmụmụ mpaghara anọ banyere ndị ọrụ na-emegbu.
N'afọ 2008, mmadụ 1,100 na-azụ ahịa batara na mmemme nchedo ọha na eze, n'etiti ha bụ ụmụaka 50 na ụmụnwoke 100. Mịnịsta na-ahụ maka ime obodo kwuru na e nyere mmadụ 810 ikike obibi ọnwa isii nke a ga-agbatị mgbe ha chọtara ọrụ ma ọ bụ debanye aha na usoro ọzụzụ. Ụmụaka natara akwụkwọ ikike na-akpaghị aka ruo mgbe ha ruru afọ iri na asatọ. Gọọmentị mba na ndị isi obodo nyere nde $ 12.7 maka mmemme enyemaka ndị metụtara n'afọ 2009.
mgbere ụ ahịa.
Mgbochi
Gọọmentị Ịtali gara n'ihu ịkụziri ọha na eze Ịtali banyere ịzụ ahịa site na ego ya maka mbọ mmata NGO, ọ malitekwara mkpọsa mgbasa ozi ọhụrụ n'afọ 2007 nke gụnyere ihe ngosi TV, akara ịntanetị, na mpempe akwụkwọ bumper n'asụsụ dị iche iche. N'ọnwa Machị 2007, Mịnịstrị nke ime obodo guzobere kọmitii e mere iji meziwanye nlekọta na ikpe nke ịzụ ahịa ma kpọọ ndị NGO n'ime usoro ịme iwu site na itinye ndị otu ha na kọmitii a. Mịnịstrị nke ime obodo nọ na atụmatụ nke mgbasa ozi ọha na eze, ya na ọtụtụ mba ndị ọzọ, iji belata ọchịchọ maka omume mmekọahụ azụmahịa ma mee ka a mara banyere ịzụ ahịa mmadụ nke a na-akpọ ọrụ Pentametro. Mịnịstrị na-ahụ maka nchekwa n'Ịtali kwuru na ọ na-ahazi ọzụzụ mgbe niile banyere ikike mmadụ na ịzụ ahịa maka ndị nkịtị na ndị agha na-eje ozi na ọrụ udo mba ụwa na mba ọzọ. Gọọmentị nyere ego na NGO ECPAT, nke na-eduzi ọrụ mgbochi njem mmekọahụ ụmụaka na Italy. N'ọnwa Febụwarị afọ 2007, ndị uwe ojii jidere prọfesọ Mahadum na Naples maka ime mpụ njem mmekọahụ ụmụaka mgbe ọ nọ na Thailand.
N'afọ 2009, gọọmentị kwadoro usoro IMO nke bụ iji mee ka ikike nke NGO's nke Naijiria na igbochi ndị na-azụ ahịa na Naijiria. NGO ECPAT na-eme atụmatụ na n'afọ 2009, ihe dị ka ụmụnwoke Ịtali 80,000 gara Kenya, Thailand, Brazil, Latin America na Czech Republic maka njem mmekọahụ kwa afọ. Ọ bụ ezie na gọọmentị gara n'ihu na-emejuputa mmemme iji lụso njem mmekọahụ ụmụaka ọgụ, ha ekwughị ikpe ọ bụla n'afọ 2009.
Ebensidee
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations
Shai Hills
link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Wiki_loves_earth_shia_hills_nipah_dennis_2019_031.jpg/320px-Wiki_loves_earth_shia_hills_nipah_dennis_2019_031.jpg|thumb|320x320px|Ugwu Shai Shai Hills bụ ógbè dị nso na isi obodo Dodowa na Mpaghara odịda anyanwụ Dangme nke Greater Accra Region nke Ghana, n'ebe ugwu Accra.
Shai bụ ala dị larịị site na ọdịdị ala mana o nwere ugwu ugwu. Ugwu ndị dị n'ógbè Shai bụ isi nke ọtụtụ ebe a na-egwupụta nkume. Ahịhịa ya bụ ngwakọta nke ahịhịa na-emeghe na nke osisi, na anụmanụ ndị a hụrụ n'ebe ahụ gụnyere nnụnụ guinea, antelopes, baboons na francolins.
Sheila Meiring Fugard
Sheila Meiring Fugard (amụrụ ya na 1932) mụrụ na England. Ọ bụ onye edemede nke obere akụkọ na egwuregwu na nwunye ochie nke onye na-ede egwuregwu South Africa Athol Fugard.
Akụkọ nkeonwe
Amụrụ na Birmingham, England n'afọ 1932, Sheila Meiring na nne na nna ya kwagara South Africa, na 1940, mgbe ọ dị afọ asatọ. Ọ gara na Mahadum Cape Town, ebe ọ na-ede akụkọ dị mkpirikpi ma mụọ ihe nkiri.
Ọ zutere onye na-ede egwuregwu Athol Fugard mgbe ọ mere n'otu n'ime egwuregwu ya. Na Septemba 1956, ọ lụrụ Fugard ma nakweere aha nna ya.
N'afọ 1972, mgbe ọ dị afọ 40, Sheila Fugard bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ ya, The Castaways, nke meriri Olive Schreiner Prize. N'ikpeazụ, o bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị ọzọ, gụnyere Rite of Passage, n'afọ 1976, na A Revolutionary Woman, na 1983. Nwanyị na-agbanwe agbanwe, akwụkwọ akụkọ ya a kacha mara amara, na-ewere ọnọdụ n'afọ 1920 na mpaghara Karoo nke South Africa wee kọọ akụkọ banyere otu nwanyị na-eso ụzọ Mahatma Gandhi bụ onye abanyela n'okwu ikpe idina n'etiti nwa nwoke nwere agba na otu nwa okoro azụ azụ Boer. nwa agbọghọ. Rite of Passage metụtara otu dọkịta na otu nwa nwoke nke emume ibi úgwù agbụrụ kpasuru iwe.
Fugard ebipụtakwala abụ anakọtara, gụnyere ọnụ ụzọ, na 1975, na Mystic Things, n'afọ 1981.
Naima Melsa Gule Avako
Naima Melsa Gule Avako bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Uganda na onye otu ndị omeiwu. A họpụtara ya n'ọfịs dị ka onye nnọchi anya nwanyị na nzuko omeiwu maka mpaghara Yumbe n'oge ntuli aka nke afo 2021 Uganda.
Sheila Meiring Fugard
Akụkọ nkeonwe
Athol Fugard mere ihe na mmegharị BBC nke akwụkwọ akụkọ ya The Castaways. Nwa ha nwanyị, Lisa Fugard, onye mere ihe n'ụfọdụ egwuregwu nna ya, dị ka ụmụ m! Africa m!, edewokwa akwụkwọ akụkọ.
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Naima Melsa Gule Avako
Njikọ mpụga
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Bebi Airstrip
Ọdụ ụgbọ elu Bebi (bụ ọdụ ụgbọ elu na-ejere Bebi ozi na Cross River Steeti  nke Naịjirịa  . Ọ na-ejekwa ozi dị ka ọdụ ụgbọ elu maka Ugwu Ntụrụndụ Obudu . Ụzọ ụgbọ elu ahụ dị kilomita iri na asatọ  (mi iri na otu) ọwụwa anyanwụ nke obodo Obudu.
Bebi VOR-DME (Ident: BEB ) bụ 0.72 nautical miles (1.33 km) site n'ọnụ ụzọ ụzọ ụgbọ elu nke iri.
Njikọ dị na mpụga
Òtù:Category:Uzo esi aga na Wikidata Òtù:Category:Ọdụ ụgbọelu dị na Naịjirịa
Asụsụ Kenyang
Kenyang (Nyang, Banyang, Manyang) bụ asụsụ a kacha asu na otu asụsụ Mamfe. A na-asụ ya na ngalaba Manyu na Meme nke mpaghara ndida odida nke Cameroon. A maara ndị na-asụ Kenyang na Cameroon dị ka ndị Bayangi (Bayangui) ma a na-akpọ ha Bayangi (Dị Bayayangui).
E nwere asụsụ atọ dị mkpa nke Kenyang: Lower Kenyang, nke a na-asụ na mpaghara Eyumojock na Mamfe Central subdivisions, Upper Kenyang, nke a na-asụ na Upper Banyang subdivision na Kitwii, nke a-asụ na ngalaba Meme. Asụsụ Upper Kenyang na Lower Kenyang nwere njikọ chiri anya karịa Kitwii. Aha dị iche iche nke Kitwii gụnyere, Kicwe, Twii, Bakoni, Northern Balong, Upper Balong na Manyeman.
Fonology na Orthography
A na-edepụta fonemes nke Kenyang na tebụlu ndị dị n'okpuru ebe a, na-ede akwukwo akuko ha n'akara aka akuku:
Udaume
Enwere ike ịmegharị ụdaume niile na Kenyang.
Ihe odide
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Muideen
Muideen bụ aha nwoke Naijiria nyere aha. Ndị ama ama nwere aha gụnyere:
Oshodi–Apapa Expressway
Ihe owuwu ahụ
Goodluck Jonathan duziri gọọmentị kwadoro nkwekọrịta maka iwughachi OshodişApapa Expressway n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2013. E nyere Julius Berger Nigeria PLC nkwekọrịta maka Oshodi Apapa Expressway maka Nde Naira iri na ise n'ọnwa iri na ise. Otú ọ dị, mgbe ntuli aka nke afọ 2015 gasịrị, ọrụ n'okporo ụzọ kwụsịrị. Òtù Dangote kwadoro Gọọmentị nke Buhari na-eduzi n'afọ 2017 ka a rụzie okporo ụzọ OshodişApapa Expressway. Atụmatụ Dangote Group gụnyere ebe dị iche iche dị ka imezigharị okporo ụzọ na-amalite na Creek Road, Liverpool, Tin Can, ma na-aga n'ihu ruo Marine Beach, Mile 2 ruo Oshodi, Oworonshoki, na Toll Gate. na okporo ụzọ Ibadan-Lagos.
Nkwekọrịta maka imezigharị okporo ụzọ si Apapa gaa n'ọnụ ụzọ mbata na okporo ụzọ Lagos-Ibadan na steeti Lagos kwadoro ya na Julai 2018.. Otú ọ dị, e nyere Dangote Group ọrụ nrụzigharị ahụ, na mgbakwunye, gọọmentị ga-enye ndị otu Dangote ụtụ isi afọ atọ. N'afọ 2018, kansụl gọọmentị etiti kwadoro N72.9bn maka iwughachi okporo ụzọ Oshodi Apapa na Lagos.
E nyere ọrụ ahụ na Hitech Construction Company Ltd, ụlọ ọrụ na-ewu ụlọ, nke malitere ịrụ ọrụ na mmezigharị OshodiʹApapa Expressway n'ọnwa Eprel n'afọ 2019.
A na-atụ anya na a ga-arụcha ọrụ ahụ n'ime afọ abụọ site na ụbọchị mmalite, mana Gọọmentị etiti kwuru na Eprel n'afọ 2021 na Oshodiz Apapa Expressway fọrọ nke nta ka ọ dị njikere maka iji ya.
29 Novemba
29 Novemba bu ubochi nke 29th (nke iri abụọ na itenanị) na onwa ana kpo Novemba. Na Gregorian calender, 29 Novemba bu ubochi nke 333rd (334th na afo nke ana-kpo leap year) na afo. Anyi nwere agugu ubochi 32 du mgbe afo na agwu.
John Mitchell Kemble
thumb|Charles Kemble; Adelaide Kemble;France's Anne ('Fanny') Kemble;John Mitchell Kemble; Henry Vincent James Kemble by Richard James lane.jpg John Mitchell Kemble (2 Eprel 1807 - 26 Machị 1857), onye ọkà mmụta Bekee na ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme, bụ nwa mbụ nke Charles Kemble onye na-eme ihe nkiri na Maria Theresa Kemble. A maara ya maka nnukwu onyinye ya na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Anglo-Saxons na philology nke asụsụ Old English, gụnyere otu n'ime nsụgharị mbụ nke Beowulf.
Mmụta
Kemble nwetara agụmakwụkwọ ya na Charles Richardson na Bury St Edmunds grammar school, ebe o nwetara na 1826 ihe ngosi na Trinity College, Cambridge, ebe ọ ghọrọ onye otu Cambridge Apostles. Dị ka nwa akwụkwọ iwu, a nabatara edemede akụkọ ihe mere eme ya nke ọma mana ọ "agaghị agbaso usoro ọmụmụ nke mahadum ahụ nyere iwu ma nwee mmasị na ọha mmadụ na ntụrụndụ egwuregwu", nke mere ka a yigharịa ngụsị akwụkwọ ya na 1829. E nyere ya nzere Bachelor of Arts na Machị 1830, na nzere MA ya afọ atọ ka e mesịrị na Machị 1843.
Anglo-Saxon studies
Kemble lekwasịrị anya na Anglo-Saxon England, site na mmetụta nke Jacob Grimm, onye ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Göttingen (1831). O bipụtara Anglo-Saxon Poems of Beowulf (1833-1837), Über die Stammtafeln der Westsachsen (Munich 1836), Codex diplomaticus aevi Saxonici (London 1839-1848), ma nye ọtụtụ onyinye na nyocha; History of the Saxons in England (1849; ọhụrụ ed. 1876) dabeere na isi mmalite nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Bekee.
Nsụgharị Beowulf "n'ụzọ nkịtị" nke Kemble bụ kpamkpam n'asụsụ nkịtị. * Akụkọ ahụ anaghị anwa ịgbaso usoro nke mbụ na okwu ma ọ bụ ahịrịokwu. }}
Ọ bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke British and Foreign Review site na 1835 ruo 1844; site na 1840 ruo ọnwụ ya bụ Examiner of Plays. N'afọ 1857 o bipụtara State Papers and Correspondence Illustrative of the Social and Political State of Europe from the Revolution to the Accession of the House of Hanover.
Robert Gordon Latham dechara Horae Ferales, ma ọ bụ Studies in the Archaeology of Northern Nations, ma bipụta ya na 1864.
Alụmdi na nwunye na ọnwụ
Kemble lụrụ Nathalie Auguste, nwa nwanyị nke Amadeus Wendt nke Mahadum Göttingen, n'ihe dị ka 1836. Ha nwere ụmụ nwanyị abụọ na otu nwa nwoke, mana alụmdi na nwunye ahụ abụghị nke obi ụtọ ma ha na-ebi iche n'ihe dị ka 1850.: p.370 Nwa nwanyị nke okenye, Gertrude (b. 1837) lụrụ Sir Charles Santley, onye na-agụ egwu, wee nwụọ na 1882.: p.371
Kemble nwụrụ na Dublin na 26 Machị 1857 ma lie ya n'ebe ahụ na Mount Jerome Cemetery.
Njikọ mpụga
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Ike mmeghari ohuru
thumb|Isi mmalite nke ume ọhụrụ, karịsịa fotovoltaic anyanwụ na ike ikuku, na enye òkè na arịwanye elu nke ike ike. Ike emeghari ohuru bu ike sitere na akụrụngwa emeghari ohuru nke emejuputara n'okike n'oge mmadu. Ihe ndị a na emegharị ọhụrụ gụnyere ìhè anyanwụ, ifufe, mmegharị mmiri, na okpomọkụ geothermal. Ọ bụ ezie na ọtụtụ isi mmalite ike mmeghari na adigide, ụfọdụ adịghị. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, a na ewere ụfọdụ isi mmalite biomass adịghị adịgide na ọnụego nrigbu ugbu a. A na ejikarị ike ọhụrụ eme ihe maka ọkụ eletrik, kpo oku na oyi. Ọrụ ume ọhụrụ na abụkarị nnukwu nnukwu, mana ha dabara na ime obodo na ime obodo yana mba ndị ka na emepe emepe, ebe ike na adịkarị mkpa na mmepe mmadụ. A na etinyekarị ume ọhụrụ na ntinye ọkụ ọzọ, nke nwere ọtụtụ uru: ọkụ eletrik nwere ike ịkwaga okpomọkụ ma ọ bụ ihe nke ọma, ma dị ọcha n'oge oriri.
Ágụ
180px|right|thumb|Anumanu nka bu agwu. 180px|right|thumb|Ebe agwu nor n'uwa. Agwu bu anumanu nke uwa mbu (uwa mbu bu nke ndi bekee kporo obod'ukwu Asia, Obodo bekee na Afrika). O bu nwanne odum na anumanu di ka ya na agwu onwe ya. Agwu juru na Afrika, ma na Asia n'obodo India na China, hé hikwaginne na obodo ndi nka di ka Afrika.
Ike mmeghari ohuru
Site na 2011 ruo 2021, ike mmeghari amụbaala site na 20% ruo 28% nke ọkụ eletrik zuru ụwa ọnụ. Ojiji ike fossil adalata site na 68% ruo 62%, yana nuklia sitere na 12% ruo 10%. Oke ike mmiri gbadara site na 16% ruo 15% ebe ike sitere na anyanwụ na ifufe gbagoro site na 2% ruo 10%. Biomass na ike geothermal tolitere site na 2% ruo 3%. Enwere gigawatt 3,146 arụnyere na mba 135, ebe mba 156 nwere iwu na achịkwa mpaghara ume ọhụrụ. [10] Na 2021, China ruru ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọkara nke mmụba zuru ụwa ọnụ na ọkụ eletrik.
Ágụ
Anumanụ
Ike mmeghari ohuru
N'ụwa niile enwere ihe karịrị nde ọrụ 10 jikọtara ya na ụlọ ọrụ ume ọhụrụ, yana fotovoltaics nke anyanwụ bụ onye na eweghachi ọrụ kachasị ukwuu. Usoro ume ọhụrụ na adị ngwa ngwa na arụ ọrụ nke ọma ma dị ọnụ ala ma òkè ha nke mkpokọta ike ike na aba ụba, ebe a na emegharị ọnụ ọgụgụ ka ukwuu nke ikike ọkụ eletrik arụnyere ọhụrụ n'ụwa nile. N'ọtụtụ mba, anyanwụ ma ọ bụ ikuku ikuku nke fotovoltaic bụ ọkụ eletrik ọhụrụ arụpụtara dị ọnụ ala.
Nchịkọta
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Coal, mmanụ, na gas ka bụ isi isi mmalite ike zuru ụwa ọnụ ọbụna dị ka mmeghari ohuru amalitela ibu ngwa ngwa. thumb|PlanetSolar, ụgbọ mmiri nwere ike anyanwụ kacha ukwuu n'ụwa na ụgbọ ala eletrik mbụ nke anyanwụ gafere gburugburu ụwa (na 2012)
Ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala na uru
Nchegbu mgbanwe ihu igwe, yana ọnụ ahịa na aga n'ihu na efu nke ụfọdụ akụrụngwa ume ọhụrụ, dị ka igwe ikuku ikuku na akụkụ anyanwụ, na eme ka ojiji a na emegharị anya na abawanye. Mmefu gọọmentị ọhụrụ, iwu na amụma nyere ụlọ ọrụ aka ihu nsogbu ego zuru ụwa ọnụ karịa ọtụtụ ngalaba ndị ọzọ. Dị ka nke 2019, Otú ọ dị, dị ka International Renewable Energy Agency, mmeghari n'ozuzu òkè na ike mix (gụnyere ike, okpomọkụ na njem) kwesịrị itolite ugboro isii ngwa ngwa, iji mee ka ịrị elu na nkezi okpomọkụ zuru ụwa ọnụ "nke ọma n'okpuru" 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) n'ime narị afọ ugbu a, ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọkwa tupu ụlọ ọrụ.
Ọnụ ọgụgụ
Igwe anyanwụ nke ezinụlọ, yana batrị ma ọ bụrụ na ha nwere ha, enwere ike iji ya mee naanị ụlọ ahụ ma ọ bụ ọ bụrụ na ejikọtara ya na igwe eletrik na ọtụtụ nde ndị ọzọ. Ihe karịrị nde ezinaụlọ 44 na eji biogas mere n'ọnụ ọgụgụ ezinụlọ maka ọkụ na/ma ọ bụ isi nri, na ihe karịrị nde ezinụlọ 166 na adabere n'ọgbọ ọhụrụ nke esi nri biomass na arụ ọrụ nke ọma.[39][chọrọ mmelite] Dị ka nyocha ahụ siri kwuo, a mba ga erute n'otu oge na uto ya tupu ya enwee ike iji ike emeghari ohuru. N'okwu anyị, mgbakwunye ya gbanwere ka ihe ntinye dị mkpa (ọrụ na isi obodo) si ejikọta ibe ha, na eweda nhịahụ ha n'ozuzu ya ma na abawanye ụbara akụ na ụba pụtara ìhè. Onye odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke asatọ nke United Nations Ban Ki moon ekwuola na ume ọhụrụ nwere ike ibuli mba ndị kasị daa ogbenye n'ọkwa ọganihu ọhụrụ. N'ọkwa mba, opekata mpe mba iri atọ n'ụwa niile enweela ike imeghari ume na enye aka karịa 20% nke ike. Ọ bụ ezie na ọtụtụ mba nwere ebumnuche dị iche iche maka ike mmeghari ume ogologo oge, ndị a na abụkarị maka mpaghara ọkụ, gụnyere ebumnuche 40% nke ọkụ eletrik niile ewepụtara maka European Union site na 2030.
Na eji
Ike mmeghari ohuru na ebupụkarị mmanụ ọkụ n'oge na mpaghara anọ: ọgbọ ọkụ eletrik, mmiri ọkụ / oghere oghere, njem, na ọrụ ike ime obodo (off-grid).[45]
Nrụpụta ike
A na enweta ihe karịrị otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke ọkụ eletrik site na mmeghari ohuru dịka nke 2021.
Na ekpo ọkụ na oyi
Igwe kpo oku nke anyanwụ na enye aka dị mkpa na okpomọkụ enwere ike imeghari n'ọtụtụ mba, ọkachasị na China, nke nwere ugbu a 70% nke mkpokọta ụwa (180 GWth). A na etinye ọtụtụ n'ime usoro ndị a n'ụlọ obibi nke ọtụtụ ezinụlọ ma na egbo akụkụ nke mkpa mmiri ọkụ nke ihe dị ka nde 50-60 nde ezinụlọ na China. Gburugburu ụwa, ngụkọta sistemu igwe kpo oku nke anyanwụ na ezute akụkụ nke mkpa kpo oku mmiri nke ihe karịrị nde ezinụlọ 70. Na Sweden, iji ike biomass eme ihe nke mba karịrị nke mmanụ. Igwe ọkụ na ekpo ọkụ na enye ma kpo oku ma na ajụ oyi, ma na eme ka ọkụ eletrik dị ọkụ ma si otú a na ebute ụzọ na arịwanye elu ike ikuku ume ọhụrụ na etokwa ngwa ngwa. Ihe dị ka 10% nke ike kpo oku na ike jụrụ oyi sitere na mmeghari ohuru.
Ụgbọ njem
thumb|Ụgbọ ala nke biodiesel na ebu mmanụ Otu n'ime mbọ a na agba iji mebie ụgbọ njem bụ mmụba nke ụgbọ ala eletrik (EV). N'agbanyeghị nke ahụ na iji biofuels, dị ka biojet, ihe na erughị 4% nke ike njem sitere na mmeghari ohuru. Mgbe ụfọdụ, a na eji mkpụrụ ndụ mmanụ hydrogen eme njem dị arọ.
Ike anyanwụ
Usoro fotovoltaic na atụgharị ìhè n'ime ọkụ eletrik kpọmkwem (DC) site na iji uru nke fotoelectric mmetụta. Solar PV aghọọla ọtụtụ ijeri, ụlọ ọrụ na eto ngwa ngwa, na aga n'ihu na emeziwanye ọnụ ahịa ya, ma nwee ikike kachasị nke teknụzụ ọ bụla nwere ike imeghari yana CSP. Sistemu na etinye ike anyanwụ (CSP) na eji lenses ma ọ bụ enyo na usoro nsochi anya na elekwasị anya n'akụkụ dị ukwuu nke ìhè anyanwụ n'ime obere ọkụ. Ewubere ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ anyanwụ gbadoro anya azụmaahịa na 1980s. CSP-Stirling nwere arụmọrụ kachasị elu n'etiti teknụzụ ike anyanwụ niile.
Na 2011, International Energy Agency kwuru na "mmepe nke dị ọnụ ala, na adịghị agwụ agwụ na dị ọcha teknụzụ ike anyanwụ ga enwe nnukwu uru na adịte aka. kwalite nkwado, belata mmetọ, belata ọnụ ahịa nke ibelata mgbanwe ihu igwe, ma mee ka ọnụ ahịa mmanụ ọkụ dị ala karịa ka ọ dị ọzọ.Uru ndị a bụ nke zuru ụwa ọnụ. ọ dị mkpa ka a na ekesa ọtụtụ ebe." Ike anyanwụ na enweta 505 GW kwa afọ, nke bụ ihe dịka 2% nke ọkụ eletrik n'ụwa. Enwere ike iji ike anyanwụ mee ihe n'ebe ọ bụla nwetara ìhè anyanwụ; Otú ọ dị, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ike anyanwụ nke a pụrụ iji rụọ ọrụ ọkụ eletrik na emetụta ọnọdụ ihu igwe, ọnọdụ mpaghara na oge ụbọchị. Dịka isi 6 nke akụkọ mbelata ihu igwe IPCC 2022 si kwuo, ike zuru ụwa ọnụ nke ike anyanwụ kpọmkwem karịrị nke akụ ume ọhụrụ ọ bụla ọzọ. Ọ karịrị oke ike niile achọrọ iji kwado mbelata na narị afọ ugbu a. Australia nwere oke ọkụ eletrik nke anyanwụ n'ụwa, na enye 9.9% nke ọkụ eletrik nke obodo na 2020. Ihe karịrị pasenti 30 nke ezinụlọ Australia nwere ugbu a PV anyanwụ elu ụlọ, yana ikike jikọtara ya karịrị 11 GW.
Otú ọ dị, e nwere mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi nke ịkwalite ike anyanwụ. Karịsịa, ọchịchọ maka akụrụngwa dị ka aluminom na enwe nchegbu maka akara ụkwụ carbon nke ga esi na iwepụta ihe ndị dị mkpa iji mejuputa ike anyanwụ.
Ike ikuku
thumb|Ọgbọ ike ikuku site na mpaghara ka oge na aga thumb|Map zuru ụwa ọnụ nke ike njupụta ike ikuku Enwere ike iji ikuku ikuku na ebugharị ikuku ikuku. Igwe ikuku ikuku na arụ ọrụ ọgbara ọhụrụ dị site na gburugburu 600 kW ruo 9 MW nke ike akwadoro. Ike dị site na ikuku bụ ọrụ nke cube nke ọsọ ifufe, ya mere, ka ikuku na agba ọsọ, mmepụta ike na-abawanye ruo n'ogo kachasị maka otu turbine. Ebe ikuku siri ike ma na adịgide adịgide, dị ka ebe dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri na ebe dị elu, bụ ebe a na ahọrọ maka ugbo ikuku. Dịka, awa zuru oke nke igwe ikuku ikuku na adị iche n'etiti pasenti 16 na 57 kwa afọ mana ọ nwere ike ịdị elu karịa na saịtị ndị dị n'ụsọ osimiri.
N'ụwa niile, a na ekwenye na ikike teknụzụ ogologo oge nke ike ikuku bụ okpukpu ise ngụkọta mmepụta ike zuru ụwa ọnụ ugbu a, ma ọ bụ ugboro 40 ọkụ eletrik ugbu a, na eche na e meriri ihe mgbochi niile dị mkpa. Nke a ga achọ ka etinyere igwe ikuku ikuku na mpaghara buru ibu, ọkachasị n'akụkụ akụrụngwa ikuku dị elu, dị ka oke osimiri, yana ikekwe iji ụdị turbines VAWT ọhụrụ na mgbakwunye na mpaghara axis kwụ ọtọ ugbu a. Dị ka ifufe dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri na agba ọsọ nkezi ~ 90% karịa nke ala, akụ ndị dị n'ụsọ mmiri nwere ike inye aka karịa ike turbines nke ala.
Ike mmiri
thumb|Mmiri mmiri atọ nke Gorges dị na Osimiri Yangtze na China Ebe ọ bụ na mmiri dị ihe dị ka okpukpu 800 karịa ikuku, ọbụna iyi mmiri na eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na eru, ma ọ bụ nke oké osimiri na akpụ akpụ, pụrụ inye ike dị ukwuu. Mmiri nwere ike ịmepụta ọkụ eletrik na ngbanwe arụmọrụ nke ihe dịka 90%, nke bụ ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu na ume ọhụrụ. Enwere ọtụtụ ụdị ike mmiri:
A na emepụta ike mmiri na mba 150, yana mpaghara Eshia Pacific na emepụta pasent 32 nke ike mmiri zuru ụwa ọnụ na 2010. N'ime mba 50 kachasị elu site na pasentị ọkụ eletrik sitere na ihe ndị a na emegharị, 46 bụ isi mmiri ọkụ. Enwere ugbua ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri asaa karịrị 10 GW (10,000MW) n'ụwa niile, lee tebụl n'okpuru. Ọtụtụ ike mmiri na agbanwe agbanwe, si otú a na emeju ikuku na anyanwụ. Ike ebili mmiri, nke na ejide ike nke ebili mmiri nke oke osimiri, na ike tidal, na agbanwe ike nke tides, bụ ụdị abụọ nke ike mmiri na enwe ike n'ọdịnihu; Otú ọ dị, a kabeghị ha n'ọrụ azụmahịa. Ihe ngosi ngosi nke ụlọ ọrụ Ocean Renewable Power Company na arụ n'ụsọ oké osimiri Maine, ma jikọọ ya na grid, na ejikọta ike mmiri sitere na Bay of Fundy, ebe ebe mmiri na asọ asọ kacha elu n'ụwa. Ntugharị ike okpomọkụ nke oke osimiri, nke na eji ọdịiche okpomọkụ dị n'etiti igwe oyi na mmiri dị ọkụ, enweghị ikike akụ na ụba ugbu a.
Nri ike
Okpete na emepụta ethanol na Brazil Ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ CHP na eji osisi na enye ezinụlọ 30,000 na France Biomass bụ ihe dị ndụ sitere na ihe dị ndụ, ma ọ bụ ihe dị ndụ na nso nso a. Ọ na ezokarị aka na osisi ma ọ bụ ihe ndị sitere na osisi. Dị ka isi iyi ike, a pụrụ iji biomass ozugbo site na combustion mepụta okpomọkụ, ma ọ bụ na apụtaghị ìhè mgbe ọ gbanwere ya n'ụdị dị iche iche nke biofuel n'ụdị siri ike, mmiri mmiri ma ọ bụ gas. Enwere ike nweta ngbanwe nke biomass ka ọ bụrụ mmanụ ọkụ site na ụzọ dị iche iche nke ekesara n'ọtụtụ ebe: ụzọ ọkụ, kemịkalụ, na biochemical. Osisi bụ isi iyi ike biomass kachasị dị ka nke 2012; ihe atụ gụnyere ihe fọdụrụ n'oké ọhịa dị ka osisi nwụrụ anwụ, alaka na stumps osisi, mkpọsa ụlọ, ibe osisi na ọbụna ahịhịa siri ike nke ime obodo. Enwere ike itolite biomass ụlọ ọrụ site na ụdị osisi dị iche iche, gụnyere miscanthus, switchgrass, hemp, ọka, poplar, willow, sorghum, okpete, achara, na ụdị osisi dị iche iche, sitere na eucalyptus ruo nkwụ mmanụ (mmanụ nkwu).
Enwere ike ịtụgharị biomass ka ọ bụrụ ụdị ike ndị ọzọ enwere ike iji ya dị ka gas methane ma ọ bụ mmanụ ụgbọ njem dị ka ethanol na biodiesel. Ihe mkpofu na ere ure, na ihe mkpofu ugbo na nke mmadụ, ihe niile na ahapụ gas methane  nke a na akpọkwa gasfill gas ma ọ bụ biogas. Enwere ike ịme ihe ọkụkụ, dị ka ọka na okpete, iji mepụta mmanụ ụgbọala, ethanol. Biodiesel, mmanụ ụgbọ njem ọzọ, nwere ike imepụta site na ngwaahịa nri fọdụrụ dị ka mmanụ ihe oriri na abụba anụmanụ. Enwere otutu nyocha nke metụtara mmanụ algae ma ọ bụ biomass sitere na algae n'ihi na ọ bụ ihe nri na abụghị nri, na eto gburugburu ugboro 20 ngwa ngwa karịa ụdị nri ndị ọzọ, dị ka ọka na soy, ma nwee ike itolite. fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụla. Ozugbo ewechara ya, enwere ike ịgbakọ ya iji mepụta mmanụ ndị dị ka ethanol, butanol, na methane, yana biodiesel na hydrogen. Ihe biomass eji eme ọkụ eletrik na adịgasị iche site na mpaghara. Ngwaahịa sitere n'ọhịa, dị ka ihe fọdụrụ n'osisi, bụ ihe a na ahụkarị na United States. Ihe mkpofu ugbo bụ ihe a na ahụkarị na Mauritius (ihe fọdụrụ n'okpete shuga) na Ndịda Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Eshia (osikapa osikapa).
Ihe ndị na emepụta ihe na agụnye mmanụ ọkụ dị iche iche sitere na biomass. Okwu ahụ na ekpuchi mmanụ ọkụ siri ike, mmiri mmiri na gas. Mmiri mmiri mmiri na agụnye bioalcohols, dị ka bioethanol, na mmanụ, dị ka biodiesel. Ihe ndị na emepụta ihe na emepụta ihe na agụnye gas biogas, gas na ejuputa gas na gas sịntetik. Bioethanol bụ mmanya na aba n'anya nke a na eme site n'ime ka ihe ndị mejupụtara shuga dị n'ihe ọkụkụ sie ike, a na esikwa na sugar na starch eme ya. Ndị a gụnyere ọka, okpete na, na nso nso a, sorghum dị ụtọ. Ihe ubi nke ikpeazụ dabara adaba maka itolite n'ọnọdụ ala kpọrọ nkụ, ebe International Crops Research Institute for the Semi Arid Tropics na enyocha ya maka ikike ọ nwere inye mmanụ, yana nri na nri anụmanụ, n'akụkụ ebe kpọrọ nkụ nke Asia na Africa.
Site na mmepe teknụzụ dị elu, a na ejikwa cellulosic biomass, dị ka osisi na ahịhịa, dị ka nri nri maka mmepụta ethanol. Enwere ike iji Ethanol dị ka mmanụ ụgbọala maka ụgbọ ala n'ụdị ya dị ọcha, ma a na ejikarị ya eme ihe dị ka mmanụ ụgbọala iji mee ka octane dịkwuo elu ma melite ikuku ụgbọ ala. A na eji Bioethanol eme ihe na United States na Brazil. Ọnụ ego ike maka imepụta bio ethanol fọrọ nke nta ka ọ hà nhata, ike na enweta site na bio ethanol. Otú ọ dị, dị ka Ụlọ Ọrụ Na ahụ Maka Gburugburu Ebe Obibi Europe si kwuo, ihe ndị na emepụta ihe ndị na emepụta ihe na adịghị emetụta nchegbu okpomọkụ zuru ụwa ọnụ. A na eme biodiesel site na mmanụ ihe oriri, abụba anụmanụ ma ọ bụ griiz emegharịrị. Enwere ike iji ya dị ka mmanụ ụgbọala n'ụdị ya dị ọcha, ma ọ bụ karịa ka ihe mgbakwunye mmanụ dizel iji belata ọkwa nke ụmụ irighiri ihe, carbon monoxide, na hydrocarbons sitere na ụgbọ ala ndị nwere mmanụ dizel. A na emepụta Biodiesel site na mmanụ ma ọ bụ abụba site na iji transesterification na ọ bụ ihe ọkụkụ na emekarị na Europe. Biofuels nyere 2.7% mmanụ ụgbọ njem ụwa na 2010.[104][chọrọ mmelite]
A na akpọ biomass, biogas na biofuels ọkụ iji mepụta okpomọkụ / ike na ime nke a nwere ike imerụ gburugburu ebe obibi. A na emepụta ihe ndị na emetọ ihe dị ka sulphurous oxides (SOx), nitrous oxides (NOx), na particulate matter (PM) site na combustion nke biomass. N'ihe gbasara iji biomass eme ihe maka ikpo ọkụ na isi nri, Healthtù Ahụ Ike Worldwa na eme atụmatụ na nde mmadụ 3.7 nwụrụ anwụghị aka site na mmetọ ikuku n'èzí na 2012 ebe mmetọ ime ụlọ sitere na mmetụta ọkụ biomass karịrị ijeri mmadụ atọ n'ụwa niile.
Geothermal ike
thumb|Uzuoku na esi na Nesjavellir Geothermal Power Station na Iceland Ike geothermal dị elu sitere na ike ọkụ ewepụtara ma chekwaa ya n'ụwa. Ike okpomọkụ bụ ike na ekpebi okpomọkụ nke ihe. Ike geothermal nke ụwa na esi na mmalite e hiwere mbara ala yana site na ire ere nke mineral (nke a na ejighị n'aka ugbu a mana enwere ike ha nhata). The geothermal gradient, nke bụ ọdịiche dị na okpomọkụ dị n'etiti isi nke mbara ala na elu ya, na eme ka ike na aga n'ihu na aga n'ihu n'ụdị okpomọkụ site na isi ruo n'elu. Okwu geothermal sitere na mgbọrọgwụ Greek geo, nke pụtara ụwa na thermos, nke pụtara okpomọkụ.￼
Okpomọkụ a na eji maka ike geothermal nwere ike isi na miri emi dị n'ime ụwa, ruo na isi ụwa  6,400 kilomita (4,000 mi) gbadaa. Na isi, okpomoku nwere ike iru ihe karịrị 5,000 °C (9,030 °F). Okpomọkụ na-eduzi site na isi ruo na nkume gbara ya gburugburu. Oke okpomọkụ na nrụgide na eme ka ụfọdụ nkume gbazee, nke a na akpọkarị magma. Magma na atụgharị elu ebe ọ dị mfe karịa nkume siri ike. Magma a na ekpo ọkụ na nkume na mmiri n'ime eriri, mgbe ụfọdụ ruo 371 °C (700 °F).
Teknụzụ na apụta
Enwekwara teknụzụ ume ọhụrụ ndị ọzọ ka na emepe emepe, gụnyere cellulosic ethanol, ike ọkụ ọkụ nkume geothermal, na ike mmiri. Teknụzụ ndị a egosipụtabeghị ebe niile ma ọ bụ nwee oke azụmaahịa. Ọtụtụ ndị nọ na mbara igwe ma nwee ike iji tụnyere teknụzụ ume ọhụrụ ndị ọzọ, mana ka dabere na ịdọta nlebara anya zuru oke na nyocha, mmepe na ngosipụta (RD&D) ego.
Sistemụ geothermal emelitere
thumb|Sistemụ geothermal emelitere (lee nkọwa faịlụ maka nkọwa) Sistemụ geothermal emelitere (EGS) bụ ụdị teknụzụ ike geothermal ọhụrụ nke na achọghị akụrụngwa hydrothermal convective eke. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ka ukwuu nke ike geothermal dị n'ebe a na egwupụta ihe dị n'ime nkume kpọrọ nkụ na nke na adịghị agbapụta. Teknụzụ EGS “na ebuli elu” na/ma ọ bụ mepụta akụrụngwa geothermal n'ime “okwute kpọrọ nkụ dị ọkụ (HDR)” site na mgbawa hydraulic. A na atụ anya na teknụzụ EGS na HDR, dị ka hydrothermal geothermal, ga abụ akụrụngwa na ebupụta ike awa 24 kwa ụbọchị dị ka osisi fossil. Ihe dị iche na hydrothermal, HDR na EGS nwere ike ịdị irè n'ebe ọ bụla n'ụwa, dabere na oke akụ na ụba nke omimi ihe omimi. Ezigbo ebe dị n'elu granite miri emi nke nnukwu oyi akwa (3-5 km ma ọ bụ 1.9–3.1 mi) kpuchiri sedimenti mkpuchi na ebelata okpomọkụ. Enwere usoro HDR na EGS ugbu a na etolite ma nwalee na France, Australia, Japan, Germany, U.S. na Switzerland. Ọrụ EGS kasị ukwuu n'ụwa bụ ihe ngosi 25 megawatt nke a na emepụta ugbu a na Cooper Basin, Australia. Basin Cooper nwere ike iwepụta 5,000–10,000 MW.
Ike mmiri
thumb|Ọdụ ọkụ Tidal Rance, France
Ike mmiri (nke a na akpọkwa mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka ike oke osimiri) bụ ike nke ebili mmiri nke oke osimiri, tides, salinity, na ọdịiche okpomọkụ nke oke osimiri na ebu. Ntugharị nke mmiri n'ime oke osimiri nke ụwa na emepụta nnukwu nchekwa ike nke kinetic, ma ọ bụ ume na mmegharị. Enwere ike iji ike a mee ka ọkụ eletrik rụọ ụlọ, ụgbọ njem na ụlọ ọrụ. Okwu ike mmiri na agụnye ike ebili mmiri  ike sitere na ebili mmiri dị n'elu, ike mmiri dị ugbu a   ike sitere na iyi hydrokinetic nke mmiri (dịka, Gulf Stream), na ike tidal  enwetara site na ike kinetic nke nnukwu mmiri na akpụ akpụ. Reverse electrodialysis (RED) bụ nkà na ụzụ maka ịmepụta ọkụ eletrik site na ịgwakọta mmiri mmiri ọhụrụ na mmiri nnu nnu n'ime nnukwu sel ike e mere maka nzube a; N'afọ 2016, a na anwale ya n'obere nha (50 kW). Ike ikuku nke dị n'ụsọ mmiri abụghị ụdị ike mmiri, n'ihi na ike ikuku sitere na ifufe, ọ bụrụgodị na a na etinye ikuku ikuku n'elu mmiri. Oke osimiri nwere oke ume ma dị nso na ọtụtụ ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị ndị mmadụ gbadoro anya. Ike oke osimiri nwere ikike nke inye nnukwu ume ọhụrụ enwere ike imeghari gburugburu ụwa. thumb|Igwe oyi na ekpo ọkụ nke ụbọchị na agafe agafe nwere ike ịjụ oyi na enweghị ike oriri ma ọ bụ mmetọ.
Iju oyi n'ehihie na agafe agafe
Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) na eji oyi nke dị n'èzí dị ka isi iyi ume ọhụrụ iji nweta ntụ oyi nke ehihie nke enwere ike iji mee ihe n'ọtụtụ ngwa, dị ka oghere ime ụlọ, mbelata àgwàetiti okpomọkụ nke obodo mepere emepe, na arụmọrụ cell anyanwụ. Emebere elu PDRC ka ọ dị elu na nlegharị anya anyanwụ iji belata uru okpomọkụ yana ike na nnyefe ọkụ infrared ogologo oge (LWIR). N'ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ mbara ala, a tụpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ ụzọ iji mee ka okpomọkụ dị n'ụwa kwụsịlata ma gbanwee. A na ebugharị ngwa PDRC dị ka ihu igwe chere ihu, dịka isi mmalite ike mmeghari ọzọ dị ka sistemu fotovoltaic na ndị na anakọta ọkụ anyanwụ. PDRC wee kwe omume site n'ikike iji gbochie ikpo ọkụ anyanwụ site na iji photonic metamaterials, nke e bipụtara nke mbụ na nyocha nke Raman et al. na ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị obodo na 2014. PDRC ngwa maka ime ụlọ jụrụ oyi na eto eto na eme atụmatụ "ahịa size nke ~ $27 ijeri na 2025."
Photosynthesis artificial
Artificial photosynthesis na eji usoro gụnyere nanotechnology iji chekwaa ike electromagnetic anyanwụ na njikọ kemịkalụ site n'ikewa mmiri iji mepụta hydrogen wee jiri carbon dioxide mee methanol. Ndị na eme nchọpụta na ngalaba a gbalịsiri ike chepụta ihe omimi nke photosynthesis nke na eji mpaghara dị iche iche nke anyanwụ na arụ ọrụ, na eji usoro catalytic emepụtara site na ọtụtụ ihe ndị dị ọnụ ala nke siri ike, na edozi ngwa ngwa, na adịghị egbu egbu, kwụsiri ike n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi ma na arụ ọrụ. nke ọma na ekwe ka akụkụ ka ukwuu nke ike photon kwụsị na ogige nchekwa, ya bụ, carbohydrates (kama ịmepụta na ịkwado mkpụrụ ndụ ndụ). Otú ọ dị, nchọpụta a ma ama na eche nsogbu ihu, Sun Catalytix a MIT spin off kwụsịrị ịmalite ịmepụta mmanụ ụgbọala cell na 2012 n'ihi na ọ na enye ego ole na ole maka ụzọ ndị ọzọ isi mee hydrogen site na ìhè anyanwụ.
Ụwa infrared thermal radieshon
Ụwa na ewepụta ihe dị ka 1017 W nke radieshon thermal infrared nke na aga na mbara ihu oyi. Ike anyanwụ na adaba n'elu na ikuku nke ụwa ma na emepụta okpomọkụ. N'iji ngwaọrụ dị iche iche dị iche iche dị ka emisive energy harvester (EEH) ma ọ bụ diode thermoradiative, ike a nwere ike gbanwee ka ọ bụrụ ọkụ eletrik. Na tiori, teknụzụ a nwere ike iji n'oge abalị.
Uzuoku mmiri
Nchịkọta nke ụgwọ ọkụ eletrik kwụ ọtọ site na ụmụ irighiri mmiri n'elu igwe bụ teknụzụ nnwale nke ga aba uru karịsịa na mba ndị nwere obere ego nwere iru mmiri ikuku karịrị 60%.
Ihe mkpofu ihe ubi
Ngwa AuREUS (Aurora Renewable Energy & UV Sequestration), nke dabere na mkpofu ihe ọkụkụ nwere ike nweta ìhè ultraviolet sitere na anyanwụ wee mee ka ọ bụrụ ume ọhụrụ.
Ntinye n'ime usoro ike na njikọ ngalaba
thumb|Atụmatụ ike chọrọ ihe karịrị otu izu na Mee 2012 na Mee 2020, Germany, na egosi mkpa ọ dị maka ọgbọ a na ebugharị kama ịbụ ọgbọ baseload na grid. Mmepụta ume ọhụrụ sitere na isi mmalite ụfọdụ dị ka ikuku na anyanwụ na agbanwe agbanwe yana gbasaa na mpaghara karịa teknụzụ dabere na mmanụ ọkụ na nuklia. Ọ bụ ezie na ijikọta ya n'ime usoro ume ka ukwuu bụ ihe kwere omume, ọ na eduga na ụfọdụ ihe ịma aka ndị ọzọ dị ka mmụba mmepụta mmepụta na mbelata inertia usoro. Mmejuputa nchekwa ike, iji teknụzụ ume ọhụrụ dị iche iche, na imejuputa smart grid nke a na eji ike eme ihe na akpaghị aka n'oge a na emepụta ya nwere ike ibelata ihe egwu na ọnụ ahịa mmejuputa ume ọhụrụ.[148]
Njikọ ngalaba nke ngalaba nrụpụta ọkụ na mpaghara ndị ọzọ nwere ike ịbawanye mgbanwe: dịka ọmụmaatụ ngalaba njem nwere ike jikọta site na ịchaji ụgbọ ala eletrik na izipu ọkụ eletrik site na ụgbọ ala gaa na grid. N'otu aka ahụ ngalaba ụlọ ọrụ nwere ike ijikọ ya na hydrogen emepụtara site na electrolysis, yana ngalaba ụlọ site na nchekwa ike ọkụ maka ikpo ọkụ na oyi.
Nchekwa ọkụ eletrik
Nchekwa ọkụ eletrik bụ nchịkọta ụzọ eji echekwa ike eletrik. A na echekwa ike eletrik n'oge mmepụta (karịsịa site na isi mmalite dị ka ike ikuku, ike tidal, ike anyanwụ) karịrị oriri, ma laghachi na grid mgbe mmepụta dara n'okpuru oriri. Igwe ọkụ na echekwa ọkụ na akpata ihe karịrị 85% nke nchekwa ike grid niile. A na ebuwanye batrị maka nchekwa na ọrụ enyemaka grid yana maka nchekwa ụlọ. Hydrogen Green bụ ụzọ akụ na ụba ka ukwuu nke nchekwa ike mmeghari ohuru na adịte aka, n'ihe gbasara mmefu ego ma e jiri ya tụnyere hydroelectric ma ọ bụ batrị na agbapụta.
Usoro ahịa na ụlọ ọrụ
Ọtụtụ ihe ọhụrụ a na emegharị ọhụrụ bụ anyanwụ, ikuku na esote ya na mmiri na bioenergy. Ntinye ego na ihe ndị a na emegharị ọhụrụ, karịsịa anyanwụ, na achọ ka ọ dị irè n'ịmepụta ọrụ karịa kol, gas ma ọ bụ mmanụ. Gburugburu ụwa, mmeghari ohuru na ewe ihe dị ka nde mmadụ 12 dị ka nke 2020, ebe PV anyanwụ bụ teknụzụ na arụ ọrụ kacha ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nde 4.
Uto nke mmeghari ohuru
Pricing    Ntụle nke ọnụ ahịa oge maka ike sitere na ifufe, anyanwụ na isi mmalite ndị ọzọ. Ka oge na aga, ihe ndị a na emegharị emegharị na erite uru site na usoro mmụta na ọnọdụ akụ na ụba. Ọnụ ego gara aga nke imepụta ume ọhụrụ gbadara nke ọma, yana 62% nke mkpokọta ike mmeghari ohuru agbakwunyere na 2020 nwere ọnụ ahịa dị ala karịa nhọrọ mmanụ ọkụ ọhụrụ dị ọnụ ala.