cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
भौतिक विज्ञान की पारिभाषिक शब्दावली
गुरुत्वीय अनुक्रिया	(gravitational interaction)  	 The interaction between particles of matter that has no known distance limitations, but is the weakest interaction of all.
गुरुत्वीय स्थितिज ऊर्जा	(gravitational potential energy)  	 Potential energy acquired by an object when it is moved against gravity.
(graviton)  	 The carrier for the gravitational interaction.
गुरुत्व	(gravity)  	 The force of gravitation on an object on or near the surface of a celestial body.
(grid bias)  	 The grid-to-cathode voltage.
अर्ध काल	(half-life)  	 The length of time during which, on the average, half of a large number of radioactive nuclides decay.
(harmonics)  	 The fundamental and the tones whose frequencies are whole number multiples of the fundamental.
उष्मा	(heat)  	 Thermal energy in the process of being added to or removed from, a substance.
ऊष्मा धारिता	(heat capacity)  	 The quantity of heat needed to raise the temperature of a body one degree.
ऊष्मीय यंत्र	(heat engine)  	 Any device that converts heat energy into mechanical work.
गलन की उष्मा	(heat of fusion)  	 The heat required per unit mass to change a substance from solid to liquid at its melting point.
वाष्पन की उष्मा	(heat of vaporization)  	 The heat required per unit mass to change a substance from liquid to vapor at its boiling point.
ऊष्मीय पम्प (heat pump)  	 A device that absorbs heat from a cool environment and gives it off to a region of higher temperature.
हेनरी	(henry)  	 The unit of inductance; one henry of inductance is present in a circuit when a change in the current of 1 ampere per second induces an emf of 1 volt.
हुक का नियम	(Hooke's law)  	 Below the elastic limit, strain is directly proportional to stress.
अति परवलय	(hyperbola)  	 Graph of an inverse proportion.
(hypercharge)  	 A property of some baryons and leptons that is conserved in strong and electromagnetic interactions but not in weak interactions.
परिकल्पना	(hypothesis)  	 A plausible solution to a problem.
आदर्श गैस	(ideal gas)  	 A theoretical gas consisting of infinitely small molecules that exert no forces on each other; also called perfect gas.
प्रदीपन		(illumination)  	 The luminous flux per unit area of a surface.
प्रतिविम्ब	(image)  	 The optical counterpart of an object formed by lenses or mirrors.
प्रतिबाधा	(impedance)  	 (1) ''' 	 The ratio of applied wave-producing force to resulting displacement velocity of a wave-transmitting medium. (2)
(impedance matching)  	 A technique used to ensure maximum transfer of energy from the output of one circuit to the input of another.
आवेग	(impulse)  	 The product of a force and the time interval during which it acts.
परावर्तन गुणांक	(index of refraction)  	 The ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to its speed in a given matter medium.
प्रेरित चुम्बकत्व	(induced magnetism)  	 Magnetism produced in a ferromagnetic substance by the influence of a magnetic field.
प्रेरकत्व	(inductance)  	 The Property of an electric circuit by which a varying current induces a back emf in that circuit or a neighboring circuit.
प्रेरण	(induction)  	 The process of charging one body by bringing it into the electric field of another charged body.
(inductive reactance)  	 Reactance in an a-c circuit containing inductance, which causes a lagging current.
अप्रत्यास्थ संघट्ट	(inelastic collision)  	 A collision in which the colliding objects stick together after impact.
जड़त्व (inertia)  	 The property of matter that opposes any change in its state of motion.
जड़त्वीय निर्देश तंत्र		(inertial frame of reference)  	 A nonaccelerating frame of reference in which Newton's first law holds true.
मैकडॉनल्ड्स सुपर स्मैश 2016-17
2016-17 मैकडॉनल्ड्स सुपर स्मैश न्यूजीलैंड में आगामी ट्वेंटी-20 क्रिकेट टूर्नामेंट है। प्रतियोगिता 4 दिसंबर 2016 से 7 जनवरी 2017 को चलाने के लिए निर्धारित है। पिछले संस्करण जोर्जी पाई सुपर स्मैश के रूप में जाना जाता था।
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राउंड रोबिन
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भौतिक विज्ञान की पारिभाषिक शब्दावली
अवरक्त प्रकाश	(infrared light)  	 Electromagnetic waves longer than those of visible light and shorter than radio waves.
अवश्रव्य परास	(infrasonic range)  	 Vibrations in matter below 20 cycles/second.
ताक्षणिक धारा	(instantaneous current)  	 The magnitude of a varying current at any instant of time.
ताक्षणिक वेग	(instantaneous velocity)  	 Short displacement divided by elapsed time. Slope of the line that is tangent to a velocity graph at a given point.
तात्क्षणिक विभव	(instantaneous voltage)  	 The magnitude of a varying voltage at any instant of time.
अचालक (insulator)  	 A material through which an electric charge is not readily transferred.
तीव्रता स्तर (intensity level)  	 The logarithm of the ratio of the intensity of a sound to the intensity of the threshold of hearing.
अनुक्रिया	(interaction)  	 Any change in the amount or quantum numbers of particles that are near each other.
अंतराफलक		(interface)  	 A surface that forms the boundary between two phases or systems.
व्यतिकरण	(interference)  	 (1) ''' 	 The superposing of one wave on another. (2)
आन्तरिक ज्वलन यंत्र	(internal combustion engine)  	 A heat engine in which the fuel burns inside the cylinder or turbine chamber.
आन्तरिक ऊर्जा	(internal energy)  	 Total potential and kinetic energy of the molecules and atomic particles of a substance.
(intersecting storage ring)  	 An accelerator in which particles collide as they move in opposite directions.
(inverse photoelectric effect)  	 The emission of photons of radiation from a material when bombarded with high speed electrons.
व्युत्क्रम अनुपात	(inverse proportion)  	 The relation between two quantities whose product is a constant and whose graph is a hyperbola.
आयन	(ion)  	 An atom or a group of atoms having an electric charge.
आयनन ऊर्जा	(ionization energy)  	 The energy required to remove an electron from an atom.
(irregular reflection)  	 Scattering. Reflection in many different directions from an irregular surface.
समतापीय प्रक्रम	(isothermal process)  	 A thermal process that takes place at constant temperature.
समावयव	(isotopes)  	 Atoms whose nuclei contain the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
जूल	(joule)  	 The unit of work; the product of a force of one newton acting through a distance of one meter.
जूल का नियम	(Joule's law)  	 The heat developed in a conductor is directly proportional to the resistance of the conductor, the square of the current, and the time the current is maintained.
(junction detector)  	 A solid-state device based on the transistor principle that is used to detect the passage of charged particles.
केल्विन पैमाना	(Kelvin scale)  	 The scale of temperature having a single fixed point, the temperature of the triple point of water, which is assigned the value 273.16 oK.
किलोग्राम	(kilogram)  	 A unit of mass in the metric system; one of the seven fundamental units.
किलोवाट घण्टा (kilowatt hour)  	 A unit of electric energy equal to 3.6 x 106 w s.
गतिज ऊर्जा	(kinetic energy)  	 Energy possessed by an object because of its motion.
गतिज सिद्धान्त	(kinetic theory)  	 The molecules of matter are continuously in motion and the collisions between molecules are perfectly elastic.
किरचाफ का प्रथम नियम	(Kirchhoff's first law)  	 The algebraic sum of the currents at any circuit junction is equal to zero.
लेजर	(laser)  	 An acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation.
नियम (law)  	 A statement that describes a natural phenomenon; a principle.
बेरयाॅन संरक्षण का नियम 		(law of conservation of baryons)  	 When a baryon decays or reacts with another particle, the number of baryons is the same on both sides of the equation.
(law of conservation of hypercharge)  	 Hypercharge is conserved in strong and electromagnetic interactions, but not in weak interactions.
(law of conservation of leptons)  	 In a reaction involving leptons, the arithmetic sum of the lepton numbers is the same on each side of the equation.
यांत्रिक ऊर्जा के संरक्षण का नियम	(law of conservation of mechanical energy)  	 The sum of the potential and kinetic energies of an ideal energy system is constant.
संवेग संरक्षण का नियम	(law of conservation of momentum)  	 When no net external forces are acting on an object, the total vector momentum of the object remains constant.
(law of entropy)  	 A natural process always takes place in such a direction as to increase the entropy of the universe.
ऊष्मा विनिमय का नियम (law of heat exchange)  	 In any heat transfer system, the heat lost by hot materials equals the heat gained by cold materials.
लेंज का नियम (Lenz's law)  	 An induced current is in such a direction that its magnetic property opposes the change by which the current is induced.
लेप्टान (lepton)  	 A subatomic particle with a small rest mass, e.g., the electron. line of flux. A line so drawn that a tangent to it at any point indicates the direction of the magnetic field.
बल रेखा	(line of force)  	 A line so drawn that a tangent to it at any point indicates the direction of the electric field.
रेखीय स्पेक्ट्रम	(line spectrum)  	 A spectrum consisting of monochromatic slit images having wavelengths characteristic of the atoms present in the source.
त्वरक भौतिकी (accelerator physics)  	 Accelerator physics deals with the problems of building and operating particle accelerators.
द्रवीकरण	(liquefaction)  	 The change to the liquid phase. The condensation of a gas to a liquid.
अनुदैर्ध्य तरंग	(longitudinal wave)  	 A wave in which the vibrations are parallel to the direction of propagation of the wave.
वलय		(loop)  	 A midpoint of a vibrating segment of a standing wave.
(loudness)  	 The sensation that depends principally on the intensity of sound waves reaching the ear.
प्रदीप्त		(luminous)  	 Visible because of the light emitted by its oscillating particles.
(luminous flux)  	 The part of the total energy radiated per unit of time from a luminous source that is capable of producing the sensation of sight.
यंत्र (machine)  	 A device that multiplies force at the expense of distance or that multiplies distance at the expense of force.
चुम्बकीय क्षेत्र	(magnetic field)  	 A region in which a magnetic force can be detected.
चुम्बकीय क्षेत्र की तीव्रता	(magnetic field intensity)  	 The force exerted by a magnetic field on a unit N pole situated in the field.
चुम्बकीय फ्लक्स	(magnetic flux)  	 Lines of flux through a region of a magnetic field, considered collectively.
(magnetic flux density)  	 The magnetic flux through a unit area normal to the magnetic field; also called magnetic induction.
चुम्बकीय बल	(magnetic force)  	 A force associated with motion of electric charges.
(magnetosphere)  	 A region of the upper atmosphere in which the motion of charged particles is governed primarily by the magnetic field of the earth.
आवर्धन	(magnification)  	 The ratio of the image distance to the object distance; the ratio of the image size to the object size.
(malleability)  	 The property of a metal that enables it to be hammered or rolled into sheets.
द्रव्यमान 	(mass)  	 A measure of the quantity of matter; a fundamental physical quantity.
द्रव्य घनत्व	(mass density)  	 Mass per unit volume of a substance.
द्रव्यमान संख्या		(mass number)  	 (1) ''' 	 The sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. (2)
(mass spectrograph)  	 Instrument used to determine the mass of ionized particles.
पदार्थ	(matter)  	 Anything that has the properties of mass and inertia.
द्रब्य तरंगें	(matter wave)  	 A property of matter that is directly proportional to Planck's constant and inversely proportional to mass and velocity.
ऊष्मा का यांत्रिक तुल्यांक	(mechanical equivalent of heat)  	 The conversion factor that relates heat units to work units; 4.19 j/cal.
यांत्रिक तरंग	(mechanical wave)  	 A wave that originates in the displacement of a portion of an elastic medium from its normal position, causing it to oscillate about an equilibrium position.
माध्यम (medium)  	 Any region through which a wave disturbance propagates. Mechanical waves require a matter medium. Electromagnetic waves propagate through a vacuum and various matter media.
गलनांक	(melting point)  	 The temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid.
(meniscus)  	 The crescent-shaped surface at the edge of a liquid column.
(meson)  	 A subatomic particle with a rest mass intermediate between that of a lepton and a baryon; the carrier of the strong interaction.
मीटर	(meter)  	 A unit of length in the metric system equivalent to 1,650,763.73 wave-lengths of the orange-red light emitted by krypton-86. One of the seven fundamental units of measure.
दूरिक प्रणाली	(metric system)  	 A system of measurement that is based on decimal multiples and subdivisions.
मंदक (moderator)  	 A material that slows down neutrons.
मोल (mole)  	 Amount of substance containing the Avogadro number of particles such as atoms, molecules, ions, electrons etc. It is 6.02 X 1023 particles.
संवेग (momentum)  	 The product of the mass and velocity of a moving body.
एकवर्णीय प्रकाश	(monochromatic light)  	 Light composed of a single color.
अन्योन्य प्रेरण	(mutual inductance)  	 The ratio of the induced emf in one circuit to the rate of change of current in the coil of another circuit.
(neutral weak current)  	 A subatomic reaction in which leptons collide without change in the charges of the colliding particles.
न्यूटन	(newton)  	 The unit of force; a derived unit having the dimensions kg m/s2. The force required to accelerate a one-kilogram mass at a rate of one meter per second each second.
न्यूटन का गति का प्रथम नियम	(Newton's first law of motion)  	 A body at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line will remain at rest or in the same uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force; also called the law of inertia.
न्यूटन का सार्वत्रिक गुरुत्व का नियम	(Newton's law of universal gravitation)  	 The force of attraction between any two particles of matter in the universe is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers of mass.
न्यूटन का गति का द्वितीय नियम	(Newton's second law of motion)  	 The acceleration of a body is directly proportional to the net force exerted on the body, is inversely proportional to the mass of the body, and has the same direction as the net force; also called the law of acceleration.
न्यूटन का गति का तृतीय नियम	(Newton's third law of motion)  	 If one body exerts a force on a second body, then the second body exerts a force equal in magnitude and opposite in direction on the first body; also called the law of interaction. (node) ''' 	 A point of no disturbance of a standing wave.
(noise)  	 Sound produced by irregular vibrations in matter which is unpleasant to the listener.
(noninertial frame of reference)  	 An accelerating frame of reference in which Newton's first law of motion does not hold true.
अभिलम्ब (normal)  	 A line drawn perpendicular to a line or surface.
(N-type germanium)  	 "Electron-rich" germanium consisting of equal numbers of free electrons and bound positive charges so that the net charge is zero.
नाभिकीय बंधन ऊर्जा	(nuclear binding force)  	 The force that acts within the small distances between nucleons.
(nuclear mass defect)  	 The arithmetic difference between the mass of a nucleus and the larger sum of its uncombined constituent particles.
नाभिकीय भट्ठी/रिएक्टर (nuclear reactor)  	 A device in which the controlled fission of certain substances is used to produce new substances and energy.
न्यूक्लिआन	(nucleon)  	 A proton or neutron in the nucleus of an atom. ((nucleus) ''' 	 The positively charged dense central part of an atom.
(nuclide)  	 An atom of a particular mass and of a particular element.
अष्टक (octave)  	 The interval between a given musical tone and one with double or half the frequency.
ओम	(ohm)  	 The unit of electric resistance; one volt per ampere.
ओम का नियम	(Ohm's law)  	 The ratio of the emf applied to a closed circuit to the current in the circuit is a constant.
प्रकाशीय केन्द्र	(optical center)  	 The point in a thin lens through which the secondary axes pass.
(optical density)  	 A property of a transparent material that is a measure of the speed of light through it.
कक्षक	(orbital)  	 The probability pattern of position of an electron about the nucleus of an atom.
परिमाण की कोटि 		(order of magnitude)  	 A numerical approximation to the nearest power of ten.
(ordinate)  	 The value corresponding to the vertical distance of a point on a graph from the X axis. The Y coordinate.
(oscilloscope)  	 A cathode-ray tube with associated electronic circuits that enable external voltages to deflect the electron beam of the cathode-ray tube simultaneously along both horizontal and vertical axes.
समान्तर परिपथ	(parallel circuit)  	 An electric circuit in which two or more components connected across two common points in the circuit so as to provide separate conducting paths for the current.
समान्तर चतुर्भुज विधि	(parallelogram method)  	 The graphic method of finding the resultant of two vectors that do not act along a straight line.
अनुचुम्बकीयता 		(paramagnetism)  	 The property of a substance by which it is feebly attracted by a strong magnet.
दोलक (pendulum)  	 A body suspended so that it can swing back and forth about an axis.
(penumbra)  	 The partially illuminated part of a shadow.
काल	(period)  	 (-1) ''' 	 The time for one complete cycle, vibration, revolution, or oscillation. (2)
आवर्ती गती	(periodic motion)  	 Motion repeated in each of a succession of equal time intervals.
पारगम्यता		(permeability)  	 The property of a material by which it changes the flux density in a magnetic field from its value in air.
कला	(phase)  	 -1 A condition of matter. (2)
(photoelastic)  	 Pertaining to certain materials that become double refracting when strained.
प्रकाश वैद्युत प्रभाव	(photoelectric effect)  	 The emission of electrons by a substance when illuminated by electromagnetic radiation of sufficiently short wavelength.
प्रकाश वैद्युत इलेक्ट्रान	(photoelectrons)  	 Electrons emitted from a light-sensitive material when it is illuminated with light of sufficiently short wavelength.
(photometer)  	 An instrument comparing the intensity source with that of a standard source.
प्रकाशमिति	(photometry)  	 The quantitative measurement of visible radiation from light sources.
प्रकाश वैद्युत प्रभाव	(photovoltaic effect)  	 The generation of a potential difference across a P-N junction as a consequence of the absorption of incident light of appropriate frequency.
भौतिक परिवर्तन	(physical change)  	 A change in which the composition and identifying properties of a substance remain unchanged. physical quantity. A measurable aspect of the universe, such as length.
भौतिकी / भौतिक विज्ञान	(physics)  	 The science that deals with the relationships between matter and energy. The second half of life.
(piezoelectric effect)  	 The property of certain natural and synthetic crystals to develop a potential difference between opposite surfaces when subjected to a mechanical stress, and conversely.
(pitch)  	 The identification of a certain sound with a definite tone; depends on the frequency which the ear receives.
(pivot point)  	 The point from which the lengths of all torque arms are measured.
प्लैंक नियतांक	(Planck's constant)  	 A fundamental constant in nature that determines what values are allowed for physical quantities in quantum mechanics; h = 6.63 x 10-34 j s.
प्लाज्मा	(plasma)  	 A gas that is capable of conducting an electric current.
प्लेट (plate)  	 The anode of an electronic tube.
पि-एन सन्धि		(P-N junction)  	 The boundary between P and N-type materials in a semiconductor crystal.
ध्रुवित प्रकाश	(polarized light)  	 Light radiations in which the vibrations of all light waves present are confined to planes parallel to each other.
ध्रुवण कोण 		(polarizing angle)  	 A particular angle of incidence at which polarization of reflected light is complete.
(polychromatic light)  	 Light composed of several colors.
धन किरणें	(positive rays)  	 Rays coming through holes in a cathode on the side opposite the anode in a discharge tube. Positively charged ions.
विभवान्तर	(potential difference)  	 The work done per unit charge as a charge is moved between two points in an electric field.
स्थितिज ऊर्जा	(potential energy)  	 Energy that is the result of the position of an object. potential gradient. The change in potential per unit distance.
शक्ति / सामर्थ्य (power)  	 The time rate of doing work. power factor. The cosine of the phase angle between current and voltage in an a-c circuit.
(precession)  	 The motion that results from the application of a torque that tends to displace the axis of rotation of a rotating object.
(precision)  	 The agreement between the numerical values of two or more measurements made in the same way and expressed in terms of deviation; the reproducibility of measured data.
दाब	(pressure)  	 Force per unit area.
प्राथमिक	(primary)  	 A transformer winding that carries current and normally induces a current in one or more secondary windings.
प्राथमिक सेल	(primary cell)  	 An electrochemical cell in which the reacting materials must be replaced after a given amount of energy has been supplied to the external circuit.
(primary colors)  	 Colors in terms of which all other colors may be described or from which all other colors may be evolved by mixtures.
(primary pigments)  	 The complements of the primary colors.
मुख्य अक्ष	(principal axis)  	 -1 A line drawn through the center of curvature and the vertex of a curved mirror. (2)
मुख्य नाभि	(principal focus)  	 A point at which rays parallel to the principal axis converge or from which they diverge after reflection or refraction.
सिद्धान्त	(principle)  	 See law.
(principle of parity)  	 For every process in nature there is a mirror-image process which is indistinguishable from the original process.
(propagate)  	 To travel through a material or space.
(propagation)  	 The act of propagating. The action of traveling through a material or space.
गुण	(property)  	 A measurable aspect of matter, e.g., mass and inertia.
प्रोटान	(proton)  	 A positively charged subatomic particle having a mass of 1.6726485 x 10–27 kg and a charge equal and opposite to that of the electron.
(P-type germanium)  	 "Hole-rich" germanium consisting of equal numbers of free positive holes and bound negative charges so that the net charge is zero.
(pulse)  	 A single nonrepeated disturbance.
(quality)  	 The property of sound waves that depends on the number of harmonics and their prominence.
क्वांटम यांत्रिकी	(quantum mechanics)  	 The branch of physics that heals with the behavior of particles whose specific properties are given by quantum numbers.
क्वान्टम संख्या	(quantum number)  	 One of a set of notations used to characterize a discrete value that a quantized variable is allowed to assume.
क्वान्टम सिद्धान्त	(quantum theory)  	 A unifying theory based on the concept of the subdivision of radiant energy into discrete quanta (photons) ''' 	 and applied to the studies of structure at the atomic and molecular levels. (quark) '''
(quiescent)  	 A steady-state condition. The operating condition of an electronic circuit when no input signal is applied.
रेडियन	(radian)  	 A unit of angular measurement. The angle that, when placed with its vertex at the center of a circle, subtends on the circumference an arc equal in length to the radius of the circle. Approximately 57.3o.
रेडियो तरंगें	(radio waves)  	 Also called Hertzian waves. Electromagnetic radiations produced by rapid reverses of current in a conductor.
रेडियोधर्मिता	(radioactivity)  	 The spontaneous breakdown of an atomic nucleus with the emission of particles and rays.
रेडियो समस्थानिक	(radioisotope)  	 An isotope of an element that is radioactive.
विरलन	(rarefaction)  	 The region of a longitudinal wave in which the vibrating particles are farther apart than their equilibrium distance.
किरण	(ray)  	 A single line of light from a luminous point. A line showing the direction of propagation of light.
(reactance)  	 The nonresistive opposition to current in an a-c circuit.
(reaction motor)  	 A heat engine whose acceleration is produced by the thrust of exhaust gases.
वास्तविक प्रतिविम्ब	(real image)  	 An image formed by actual rays of light.
दिष्टकारी	(rectifier)  	 A device for changing alternating current to direct current.
सरल रेखीय गति	(rectilinear propagation)  	 Traveling in a straight line.
(reflectance)  	 The ratio of the light reflected from a surface to the light falling on it, expressed in percentage.
परावर्तन	(reflection)  	 The return of a wave from the boundary of a medium.
अपवर्तन	(refraction)  	 The bending of a wave disturbance as it passes obliquely from one medium into another in which the disturbance has a different velocity.
(regelation)  	 The melting of a substance under pressure and the refreezing after the pressure is released.
(regular reflection)  	 Reflection from a polished surface in which scattering effects are negligible.
सापेक्षिक त्रुटि	(relative error)  	 Percentage absolute error of a set of measurements.
सापेक्षिक आर्द्रता	(relative humidity)  	 The ratio of the water vapor pressure in the atmosphere to the equilibrium vapor pressure at a given temperature.
(relativistic mass)  	 The mass of an object in motion with respect to the observer.
(residual magnetism)  	 Magnetism retained in a magnet after the magnetizing field has been removed.
प्रतिरोध	(resistance)  	 The ratio of the potential difference across a conductor to the magnitude of current in it.
बलों का वियोजन	(resolution of forces)  	 The resolving of a single force into component forces acting in given directions on the same point.
अनुनाद	(resonance)  	 -1 The inducing of vibrations of a natural rate by a vibrating source having the same frequency. (2)
(rest mass)  	 The mass of an object not in motion.
परिणामी	(resultant)  	 A vector representing the sum of several vector components. resultant force. The single force that has the same effect as two or more forces applied simultaneously at the same point.
(reverse bias)  	 Voltage applied to a semiconductor P-N junction that reduces the electron current across the junction.
(rheostat)  	 A variable resistance.
वर्गमूल माध्य धारा (root-mean-square {rms} current)  	 The effective value of an alternating current; the square root of the mean of the instantaneous values squared.
घूर्णन गति (rotary motion)  	 Motion of a body about an internal axis.
घूर्णीय संतुलन (rotational equilibrium)  	 The state of a body in which the sum of all the clockwise torques in a given plane equals the sum of all the counterclockwise torques about a pivot point.
घूर्णीय जडत्व (rotational inertia)  	 The property of a rotating object that resists changes in its angular velocity.
अदिश राशि	(scalar quantity)  	 A quantity that is completely specified by a magnitude.
(scientific notation)  	 A positive number expressed in the form of M x 10n in which M is a number between 1 and 10 and n is an integral power of 10.
(scintillation counter)  	 A device that counts the impacts of charged subatomic particles on a fluorescent screen by means of a photomultiplier tube.
सेकेण्ड	(second)  	 A unit of time; equivalent to 9,192,631,770 vibrations of cesium-113. One of the seven fundamental units of measure.
प्रकाश वैद्युत उत्सर्जन का द्वितीय नियम	(second law of photoelectric emission)  	 The kinetic energy of photoelectrons is independent of the intensity of the incident light.
उष्मागतिकी का द्वितीय नियम	(second law of thermodynamics)  	 It is not possible for an engine to transfer heat from one body to another at a higher temperature unless work is done on the engine.
द्वितीयक अक्ष	(secondary axis)  	 Any line other than the principal axis drawn through the center of curvature of a mirror or the optical center of a lens.
द्वितियक उत्सर्जन	(secondary emission)  	 Emission of electrons as a result of the bombardment of an electrode by high-velocity electrons.
(selectivity)  	 The property of a tuned circuit that discriminates between signal voltages of different frequencies.
स्व-प्रेरणांक (self-inductance)  	 The ratio of the induced emf across a coil to the rate of change of current in the coil.
श्रेणीक्रम परिपथ	(series circuit)  	 An electric circuit in which the components are arranged to provide a single conducting path for current.
श्रेणीक्रम अनुनाद	(series resonance)  	 A condition in which the impedance of a series circuit containing resistance, inductance, and capacitance is equal to the resistance of the circuit and the voltage across the circuit is in phase with the current.
(shear strain)  	 The ratio of the amount of deformation of the side of a body to the length of the side.
लघु परिपथ	(short circuit)  	 An electric circuit through a negligible resistance that usually shunts a normal load and overloads the circuit.
सरल आवर्त गति (simple harmonic motion)  	 Motion in which the acceleration is proportional to the displacement from an equilibrium position and is directed toward that position.
सौर स्पेक्ट्रम	(solar spectrum)  	 The band of colors produced when sunlight is dispersed by a prism.
परिनालिका	(solenoid)  	 A long helical wound coil of insulated wire.
(solid state detector)  	 A device used to detect the passage of charged subatomic particles by their crystal-distorting or ionizing effects on a nonconducting or nonconducting solid.
(solidification)  	 The change of phase from a liquid to a solid.
(sonometer)  	 A device, consisting of two or more wires or strings stretched over a sounding board, used for testing the frequency of strings and for showing how they vibrate.
ध्वनि	(sound)  	 The series of disturbances in matter to which the human ear is sensitive. Also similar disturbances in matter above and below the normal range of human hearing.
ध्वनि तीव्रता	(sound intensity)  	 The rate at which sound energy flows through a unit area.
(space charge)  	 The negative charge in the space between the cathode and plate of a vacuum tube.
(spark chamber)  	 A device used to detect the passage of charged subatomic particles by the light flashes they trigger.
विशिष्ट गुरुत्व	(specific gravity)  	 The ratio of the mass density of a substance to that of water.
विशिष्ट उष्मा	(specific heat)  	 The heat capacity of a material per unit mass.
(spectroscope)  	 Optical instrument used for the study of spectra.
चाल	(speed)  	 Time rate of motion.
गोलीय विपथन	(spherical aberration)  	 The failure of parallel rays to meet at a single point on a spherical surface after reflection or refraction.
मानक दाब	(standard pressure)  	 The pressure exerted by 760 mm of mercury at O oC.
मानक ताप	(standard temperature)  	 OoC, 273oK.
अप्रगामी तरंग	(standing wave)  	 The resultant of two wave trains of the same wavelength, frequency, and	amplitude traveling in opposite directions through the same medium
स्थिर विद्युत	(static electricity)  	 Electricity at rest.
(steam point)  	 The boiling point of water at standard atmospheric pressure.
स्टेरेडियन	(steradian)  	 The ratio of the intercepted surface area of a sphere to the square of the radius. A unit of solid angle.
भण्दारण सेल	(storage cell)  	 An electrochemical cell in which the reacting materials are regenerated by the use of a reverse current from an external source.
विकृति	(strain)  	 The relative amount of distortion produced in a body under stress.
(strong nuclear interaction)  	 The interaction that holds the particles of the nucleus together and is independent of charge.
उर्ध्वपातन	(sublimation)  	 The change of a solid to a gaseous phase without passing through the liquid phase.
अतिचालकता	(superconductivity)  	 The condition of zero resistivity below the transition temperature of a substance.
अतिशीतलन	(supercooling)  	 The process of cooling a substance below its normal phase change point without a change of phase.
अध्यारोपण 		(superposition)  	 Combining the displacements of two or more waves vectorially to produce a resultant displacement.
पृष्ठ तनाव	(surface tension)  	 The tendency of a liquid surface to contract; the measure of this tendency in newtons per meter.
(sympathetic vibration)  	 See resonance (1)।
सिनकोट्रान	(synchrotron)  	 A particle accelerator in which the oscillating frequency varies.
प्रौद्योगिकी	(technology)  	 The application of science to human needs and goals.
ताप	(temperature)  	 The physical quantity that is proportional to the average kinetic energy of translation of particles in matter.
अस्थायी चुम्बक	(temporary magnet)  	 A magnet produced by induction.
सिद्धान्त	(theory)  	 A plausible explanation of an observed event, supported experimentally and confirmed by experiments designed to test predictions based upon the explanation.
उष्मीय उर्जा	(thermal energy)  	 The total potential and kinetic energy associated with the random motions of the particles of a material.
तापायनिक उत्सर्जन (thermionic emission)  	 The liberation of electrons from the surface of a hot body.
तापयुग्म	(thermocouple)  	 An electric circuit composed of two dissimilar metals whose junctions are maintained at different temperatures.
उष्मागतिकी	(thermodynamics)  	 Study of quantitative relationships between heat and other forms of energy.
ताप वैद्युत प्रभाव	(thermoelectric effect)  	 The production of an electron current in a closed circuit consisting of two dissimilar metals as a result of the emf developed when the two junctions are maintained at different temperatures.
प्रकाश वैद्युत उत्सर्जन का तृतीय नियम	(third law of photoelectric emission)  	 Within the region of effective frequencies, the maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons varies directly with the difference between the frequency of the incident light and the cut-off frequency.
(thought experiment)  	 An idealized experiment that cannot be performed under actual conditions.
(threshold of hearing)  	 The intensity of the faintest sound audible to the average human ear, 10-16 w/cm2 at 103 hz.
(threshold of pain)  	 For audible frequencies of sound, an intensity level above which pain results in the average human ear. Rock concert.
अमीरा एंड सैम
अमीरा एंड सैम 2014 की एक अमेरिकी फिल्म है जिसे सीन मुलिन द्वारा लिखित और निर्देशित किया गया है और टेरी लियोनार्ड, एरीच लोचेर और मैट मिलर द्वारा निर्मित उत्पादक जेम्स पाँसॉल्ड, मेग मॉन्टगिनो-जेरेट और पीटर सोबिलॉफ़ के साथ। न्यूयॉर्क शहर में एक रोमांटिक कॉमेडी सेट, यह फिल्म एक अमेरिकी सैनिक सैम (मार्टिन स्टार), और इराक से एक अवैध आप्रवासी अमीरा (दीना शिहाबी), के बारे में है। Drafthouse सिनेमाघरों के वितरण के अधिकार हैं।
भौतिक विज्ञान की पारिभाषिक शब्दावली
बलाघूर्ण	(torque)  	 Product of a force and the effective length of its torque arm.
अमीरा एंड सैम
फिल्म में कई कहानी तत्त्व हैं, जिनमें पूंजीवाद, आप्रवास, सेना के बाद जीवन और मनोरंजन के क्षेत्र में सफल होने का प्रयास शामिल है।
भौतिक विज्ञान की पारिभाषिक शब्दावली
पूर्ण परावर्तन	(total reflection)  	 The reflection of light at the boundary of two transparent media when the angle of incidence exceeds the critical angle.
ट्रान्सफार्मर	(transformer)  	 A device for changing an alternating voltage from one potential to another.
ट्रान्जिस्टर	(transistor)  	 A semiconductor device used as a substitute for vacuum tubes in electronic applications.
क्रांतिक ताप 		(transition temperature)  	 A specific temperature at which the resistivity of some materials drops suddenly to zero.
अमीरा एंड सैम
प्लॉट
ग्रेट मंदी से पहले फिल्म 2008 में स्थापित की गई है। सैम, जो एक अफगानिस्तान और इराक में सेवा करता था, अमीरा से मिलने जब वह अपने चाचा, बासम, जो सैम के इराकी अनुवादक के रूप में सेवा की थी, का दौरा करते हैं युद्ध में उनके समय के कारण बस्सम और सैम का विशेष बंधन है। शुरू में अमीरा उस पर विश्वास नहीं करता क्योंकि वह एक अमेरिकी सैनिक थे और उसके भाई को युद्ध में अमेरिकी सैनिकों से बम द्वारा मारा गया था। सैम के चचेरे भाई, चार्ली, सैम को समय पर सैम के अनजान होने वाले गैरकानूनी हेज फंड्स के साथ मदद करने के लिए कहता है। उसके पिता की मृत्यु के बाद अमरी अपने चाचा बस्सम के साथ रह रही है। वह सड़क के किनारे पर बूटलगढ़ फिल्मों को बेचती है, लेकिन उन्हें फंसाने के बाद सैम के साथ रहने के लिए मजबूर किया जाता है; आव्रजन अधिकारियों ने उसे शुरू करना शुरू कर दिया जैसे ही फिल्म की प्रगति होती है, सैम और अमीरा प्यार में पड़ जाते हैं
कास्ट
अल अरबीय्या के नाबला पठान ने लिखा है कि फिल्म के कथानक, अमीरा और सैम दोनों में "गैर-अनुरूपतावादी" दृष्टिकोण हैं।
भौतिक विज्ञान की पारिभाषिक शब्दावली
(translational equilibrium)  	 The state of a body in which there are no unbalanced forces acting on it.
(transuranium elements)  	 Elements with atomic number greater than 92.
अनुप्रस्थ तरंग	(transverse wave)  	 A wave in which the vibrations are at right angles to the direction of propagation of the wave.
ट्रायोड	(triode)  	 Vacuum tube consisting of a plate, grid, and cathode.
त्रिक बिन्दु 		(triple point)  	 The single condition of temperature and pressure at which the solid, liquid, and vapor phases of a substance can coexist in stable equilibrium.
(trough)  	 A region of downward displacement in a transverse wave.
(tuning fork)  	 A metal two-prong fork that produces a sound of a definite pitch.
पराश्रव्य परास (ultrasonic range)  	 Vibrations in matter above 20,000 vibrations/second.
पराबैगनी प्रकाश	(ultraviolet light)  	 Electromagnetic radiations of shorter wavelength than visible light but longer than X rays.
अमीरा एंड सैम
निर्माण
ज्यादातर फिल्म स्टेटन द्वीप पर गोली मार दी गई थी।
भौतिक विज्ञान की पारिभाषिक शब्दावली
अनिश्चितता का सिद्धान्त	(uncertainty principle)  	 It is impossible to specify simultaneously both the position of an object and its momentum.
एकिकृत क्षेत्र सिद्धान्त	(unified field theory)  	 The principle that all forces in the universe are part of a single concept.
इकाई चुम्बकीय द्विध्रुव (unit magnetic pole)  	 One that repels an exactly similar pole placed one centimeter away with a force of one dyne.
अमीरा एंड सैम
निर्माण
शिहाबी और नाइकली ने अपने अरबी को परिष्कृत करने के लिए, नाकीली के दोस्तों में से एक, एक इराकी बोली के कोच का इस्तेमाल किया। शिहाबी की मूल भाषा लेवेंटिन अरबी का एक रूप है, जबकि उसने फिल्म में इराकी अरबी का इस्तेमाल किया।
नाकली ने फिल्म में किए गए योगदानों की मान्यता में भी सहयोगी निर्माता के रूप में काम किया।
भौतिक विज्ञान की पारिभाषिक शब्दावली
क्वार्क {quark} one of the elementary partical.
अमीरा एंड सैम
निर्माण
निर्देशक, मौलिन, फिल्मों को बनाने के लिए अभिनेताओं से सुझावों का इस्तेमाल करते थे और ऐसे समय होते थे जहां कलाकारों ने सुधार किया था।