cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Daɗaɗɗen Birnin Aleppo
Zamanin Bronze na Tsakiya
A zamanin tsohuwar Babila, sunan Aleppo ya bayyana a matsayin Halab (Halab) a karon farko. Aleppo ita ce babban birnin daular Amoriyawa ta Yamhad. Masarautar Yamhad (kimanin 1800-1600 BC), wanda aka fi sani da 'ƙasar Halab,' ita ce mafi ƙarfi a Gabas Kusa da ita a lokacin.
Public participation
Amincewa da nuna gaskiya
Hakanan ana iya kallon halartar jama'a a matsayin haɓaka lissafin kuɗi. Hujjar ita ce kasancewar shigar jama'a na iya zama wata hanya ga al'ummomin da ke halartar su tuhumi hukumomin gwamnati da aiwatar da su. A cikin Burtaniya ana amfani da 'yan ƙasa don tabbatar da adalci da mutuntar da fursunoni. Masu ba da agaji sun hada da Hukumar Kula da Masu Zaman Kansu mai zaman kanta da ke bayar da rahoto game da adalci da tsare mutuncin fursunoni da fursunoni.
Yawan Tafiye-tafiyen jirgin saman Nigeria
An kafa kamfanin jiragen sama na (Nigeria Airways) a ranar 23 ga watan Agusta 1958. Ya sami nasarar narkar da Kamfanin Jirgin Sama na Afirka ta Yamma (WAAC), kuma da farko ana kiransa WAAC Nigeria. Kamfanin ya karɓi kadarorin WAAC da dukiyar sa kuma ya fara aiki a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1958. A cikin haɗin gwiwa tare da Pan American Airways (PAA), hanyar Legas zuwa New York an buɗe hanyar a cikin Oktoba 1964 ta amfani da jirgin PAA's DC-8 da Boeing 707.
Robert Mugabe
ɗan siyasan ƙasar Zimbabwe ne. An haife shi a shekara ta alif dari tara da ashirin da hudu1924A.C) Miladiyya, a garin Kutama, Zimbabwe -ya mutu a ranar 6 ga watan Satumban shekara ta 2019, a ƙasar Singafora. Robert Mugabe shugaban ƙasar Zimbabwe ne daga shekara ta 2017 (bayan Canaan Banana-kafin Emmerson Mnangagwa).
Sansanin Patience
Sansanin Patience (Yaren mutanen Holland: Sansanin Lijdzaamheid, ko, a cikin haruffan karni na 17, Sansanin Leydsaemheyt) wani katafaren gini ne na Dutch wanda ke cikin garin Apam, a Yankin Tsakiyar Ghana.
Tarihi
An fara gina sansanin a matsayin masaukin kasuwanci na dutse a 1697 bisa buƙatar sarkin Acron, wanda Dutch ɗin ya yi yarjejeniya da shi, kuma yana tsakanin masarautun Fante da Agona, wanda Burtaniya ta yi yarjejeniya da su. Shugabannin Kamfanin Dutch West India Company sun yi taka -tsantsan don kafa sansanin soja a yankin da ke da ƙarancin ciniki, kuma sun yarda kawai da sharadin za a gina shi da ƙarancin farashi. Acron bai yi farin ciki da wannan ba, kuma yana yawan yiwa Dutch barazana tare da korar su idan ba za su tsawaita shingayen ba. A sakamakon haka, ya ɗauki mutanen Holland shekaru biyar don kammala ginin, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa suka ba shi suna Sansanin Patience.
A shekara ta 1721 an canza masaukin ya zama shinge mai kariya, wanda ya zauna a kan wani tsibiri mai tsaunuka kusa da garin zuwa kudu, yana ba da umarni mai kyau na tashar jiragen ruwa na Apam zuwa arewa, da gabar Tekun Gulf na Guinea zuwa kudu, gabas, da yamma.
A farkon 1782, Kyaftin Thomas Shirley a cikin jirgin ruwa mai linzami na 50 mai suna Leander da Alligator wanda ya yi yaƙi da jirgin ruwa ya tashi zuwa Tekun Gold na Dutch. Biritaniya tana yaƙi da Netherlands kuma Shirley ya kama ƙananan garuruwan Dutch a Moree (Fort Nassau - bindigogi 20), Kormantin (Courmantyne ko Sansanin Amsterdam - bindigogi 32), Apam (Sansanin Lijdzaamheid ko Sansanin Patience - bindigogi 22), Senya Beraku (Sansanin Goede Hoop - bindigogi 18), da Accra (Sansanin Crêvecoeur - bindigogi 32).
Robert Mugabe
Manazarta
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Yawan Tafiye-tafiyen jirgin saman Nigeria
WAAC Nigeria ta canza suna zuwa Nigeria Airways a shekarar 1971. Jirgin ruwan ya mallaki duka mallakin Gwamnatin Najeriya kusan kusan rayuwarta gaba daya. Kamfanin jirgin sama ya daina aiki a 2003.
Sansanin Patience
Kira don Gyara
A ranar 9 ga Afrilu, 2008, Ƙungiyar Matasa da Ci gaban Apam ta yi kira ga Hukumar Gidajen Tarihi ta Ƙasa, Ofishin Jakadancin Holland a Gana, Majalisar Gomoa da sauran masu ruwa da tsaki don ɗaukar matakan gaggawa don ceto Sansanin Patience daga ci gaba da tabarbarewa.
Yawan Tafiye-tafiyen jirgin saman Nigeria
Wadannan masu zuwa sune yawan tashin jirgin Jirgin saman Nigeria Airways ya tashi zuwa duk cikin tarihinta a matsayin wani bangare na ayyukan da aka tsara. Jerin ya hada da sunan kowane birni da aka yiwa aiki, sunan kasar, da kuma sunan filin jirgin saman da aka yi amfani da shi tare da dukkan kamfanonin hadaka na Jirgin Sama na Kasa da Kasa masu lamba uku ( lambar filin jirgin sama na IATA ) da Kungiyar Harakokin Jirgin Sama ta Duniya mai lamba hudu ( Lambar tashar jirgin sama ta ICAO ). Hakanan an yiwa wuraren zirga-zirgar jiragen sama da biranen mai da hankali, da kuma wuraren da aka yi amfani da su a lokacin rufewa.
1992
1992 ita ce shekara ta dubu ɗaya da dari tara ta tisa'in da biyu a ƙirgar Miladiyya.
Daɗaɗɗen Birnin Aleppo
Zamanin Bronze na Tsakiya
Hittiyawa a karkashin Mursilis I sun halaka Yamhad a karni na 16 BC. Sai dai kuma nan ba da jimawa ba Aleppo ya koma kan gaba a kasar Siriya lokacin da ikon Hittiyawa a yankin ya ragu saboda rikicin cikin gida.
Zamanin Bronze na karshe
Da yake cin gajiyar rashin iko a yankin, Parshatatar, sarkin daular Hurrian ta Mitanni, ya ci Aleppo a karni na 15 BC. Bayan haka, Aleppo ya sami kansa a fagen daga a gwagwarmayar da ke tsakanin Mitanni da Hittiyawa da Masar.
Hittiyawa Suppiluliumas I sun ci Mitanni na dindindin kuma sun ci Aleppo a karni na 14 BC. Aleppo yana da mahimmancin al'ada ga Hittiyawa don kasancewa cibiyar bautar guguwa-Allah.
Public participation
Muhalli da ci gaba mai dorewa
A cikin shekarun nan kasancewar sa hannun jama'a ya zama wani muhimmin ɓangare na magance matsalolin muhalli da kawo ci gaba mai ɗorewa. A wannan yanayin iyakokin dogaro ne kawai ga tsarin mulki na yanke shawara, kuma ana jayayya cewa sa hannun jama'a yana ba gwamnatoci damar aiwatar da manufofi da kafa dokoki da suka dace da al'ummomi da la'akari da bukatunsu.
Daɗaɗɗen Birnin Aleppo
Zaman ayan
Lokacin da mulkin Hittiyawa ya ruguje a karni na 12 BC, Aleppo ya zama wani yanki na masarautar Syro-Hitti na Palistin, sannan masarautar Aramaean Syro-Hittite ta Bit Agusi (wanda ke da babban birninta a Arpad), ta kasance wani yanki na wannan masarauta har sai da aka ci nasara. ta Assuriyawa A karni na 9 BC, kuma ya zama wani yanki na Daular Neo-Assuriyawa har zuwa karshen karni na 7 BC, kafin ya wuce ta hannun Babila Babila da Farisa Achamenid.
Public participation
Muhalli da ci gaba mai dorewa
An yarda da kasancewar jama'a a matsayin ƙa'idar muhalli, duba da Ka'idoji da Manufofin Muhalli, kuma an sanya shi cikin sanarwar Rio.
Daɗaɗɗen Birnin Aleppo
Na gargajiya tsoho
Alexander the Great ya mallaki birnin a shekara ta 333 BC. Seleucus Nicator ya kafa wurin zama na Hellenic a cikin rukunin tsakanin 301-286 BC. Ya kira ta Beroea (Βέροια), bayan Beroea ta Makidoniya.
Public participation
Fassara mai mahimmanci
An soki ra'ayi da aikin shigar da jama'a, galibi ana amfani da tsarin nazarin Foucauldian. Irin waɗannan asusun suna ba da cikakken bayani game da yadda sa hannu zai iya zama hanyar ɗaukar ayyukan al'umma a cikin tsarin mulki da ikon duk da cewa an kuma lura cewa kamawa da ƙarfafawa na iya kasancewa tare.
Daɗaɗɗen Birnin Aleppo
Na gargajiya tsoho
Arewacin Siriya ya kasance cibiyar nauyi na ayyukan mulkin mallaka na Hellenistic, don haka al'adun Hellenistic a cikin Daular Seleucid. Kamar yadda sauran garuruwan Hellenized na mulkin Seleucid suka yi, wataƙila Beroa ta ji daɗin ɗan ƴancin yankin, tare da taron jama'a na gida ko boulē wanda ya ƙunshi Hellenes 'yanci.
Public participation
Kasancewar jama'a cikin tafiyar da muhalli
Tare da kara rikitarwa game da lamuran muhalli, sa hannun jama'a ya zama kan gaba cikin nazarin ilimi game da muhawara ta zamani game da tsarin muhalli.
Daɗaɗɗen Birnin Aleppo
Na gargajiya tsoho
Biriya ta kasance ƙarƙashin mulkin Seleucid kusan shekaru 300 har zuwa lokacin da aka mika hannun Pompey na ƙarshe na daular Seleucid a shekara ta 64 BC, lokacin da suka zama lardin Romawa. Kasancewar Roma ya ba da kwanciyar hankali a arewacin Siriya sama da ƙarni uku. Ko da yake wani ɗan majalisa ne daga Roma ne ke gudanar da lardin, Roma ba ta tilasta wa rukunin masu mulki da ke jin Hellenanci ba.
Public participation
Kasancewar jama'a cikin tafiyar da muhalli
Akwai maganganu da yawa da ke nuna fifikon tsarin ba da gudummawa, wanda ke jaddada cewa shigar jama'a muhimmin abu ne a cikin harkokin kula da muhalli wanda ke bayar da gudummawa wajen yanke shawara mai kyau. An san cewa matsalolin muhalli ba za a iya magance su ta hanyar gwamnati ita kadai ba. Kasancewa cikin yanke shawara game da muhalli ya danganta jama'a da tsarin kula da muhalli. Ta hanyar shigar da jama'a, wadanda su ne asalin dalilan biyu da kuma magance matsalolin muhalli, a tattaunawar muhalli, za a iya cimma nasara a bayyane da rikon amana, don haka ya tabbatar da halaccin dimokiradiyya na yanke shawara cewa kyakkyawan shugabancin muhalli ya dogara ne. Za a iya yarda da shi, kasancewa mai ƙarfi daga cikin jama'a game da kula da muhalli na iya ƙara himma tsakanin masu hannun jari, wanda ke ƙarfafa bin doka da kiyaye dokokin muhalli. GIS na iya samar da kayan aiki mai mahimmanci don irin wannan aikin (duba GIS da shugabancin muhalli ). Bugu da kari, wasu masu adawa suna jayayya cewa 'yancin shiga a yanke shawara kan muhalli hakki ne na tsari wanda "za a iya gani a matsayin wani bangare na babban hakki na kare muhalli". Daga wannan mahangar, ana sa ran gudanar da muhalli zai yi aiki cikin tsarin da ya dace da "ka'idar tsarin mulki na adalci (hada daidaito)", wanda babu makawa yana bukatar cikar "'yancin muhalli" kuma a karshe yana kira ga shiga jama'a. Bugu da kari, a cikin yanayin rashin tabbas na kimiyya game da al'amuran muhalli, halartar jama'a na taimakawa wajen magance irin wannan rashin tabbas da kuma cike gibin da ke tsakanin matsalolin muhalli da aka ayyana a kimiyance da gogewa da kimar masu ruwa da tsaki. Ta hanyar kokarin hadin gwiwa na gwamnati da masana kimiyya tare da hadin gwiwar jama'a, ana fatan samun kyakkyawan shugabanci na muhalli ta hanyar yanke shawara mafi dacewa.
Daɗaɗɗen Birnin Aleppo
Na gargajiya tsoho
An ambaci Beroea a cikin 2 Macc. 13:3.
Public participation
Kasancewar jama'a cikin tafiyar da muhalli
Kodayake akwai yarjejeniyoyi da dama, amma batun shigar da jama'a cikin yanke shawara game da muhalli ya kasance mai dorewa game da hakikanin sakamakon tasirin mahalarta muhalli. Masu sukar suna jayayya cewa sa hannu ga jama'a ya kan mai da hankali ne kan cimma matsaya tsakanin 'yan wasan da suke da dabi'u daya kuma suke neman sakamako iri daya. Koyaya, rashin tabbas na yawancin batutuwan muhalli zai lalata ingancin shiga cikin jama'a, kasancewar a lokuta da dama masu wasan kwaikwayo sunzo kan teburin tattaunawa suna da ra'ayi mabanbanta game da matsala da kuma mafita wanda da wuya a haɗa shi cikin yarjejeniya saboda rashin dacewar mukamai daban-daban. Wannan na iya haifar da haɗarin fifikon ƙwararru, wanda ke haifar da ƙarin wariya kamar yadda waɗanda ke adawa da yarjejeniya za su kasance sanannu a cikin shawarar yanke shawara game da muhalli, wanda ya keta ƙimar amfani da tsarin mahalarta don samar da shawarwarin muhalli na dimokiradiyya. Wannan ya haifar da ƙarin tambaya game da shin yarda ya kamata ya zama ma'aunin nasarar nasarar halartar. Kamar yadda Davies ya bayar da shawara, dimokiradiyya mai ba da gudummawa ba za ta iya ba da tabbaci ga fa'idodin muhalli ba 'idan akwai ra'ayoyi masu gasa game da yanayin da ya kamata ya kasance da kuma abin da ke da muhimmanci'. Sakamakon haka, wanene ya kamata ya shiga cikin waɗanne matakai a yayin yanke shawara game da muhalli kuma mecece maƙasudin irin wannan sahun ya zama jigon mahawara kan shigar jama'a a matsayin babban batun tafiyar da muhalli.
Tsada
Tsada (Ximenia americana)
Public participation
Kimiyyar dan kasa
Kimiyyar ɗan ƙasa kalma ce da aka kirkira da aka saba amfani da ita don bayyana kasancewar waɗanda ba masana kimiyya ba a cikin binciken kimiyya.
Daɗaɗɗen Birnin Aleppo
Zamanin daular da kuma fadada garin
Sarkin Sassanid Khosrow na I ya washe kuma ya kona Aleppo a shekara ta 540 AZ. Daga baya, Farisawa Sassanid sun mamaye Siriya a takaice a farkon karni na 7. Jim kadan bayan Aleppo ta fada hannun Larabawa karkashin Khalid bn al-Walid a shekara ta 637 miladiyya. A shekara ta 944 AZ, ta zama wurin zama na Masarautar mai cin gashin kanta a karkashin yarima Hamdanid Sayf al-Daula, kuma ta sami ci gaba mai girma.
Public participation
Kimiyyar dan kasa
Ekirarin shigar da masana ƙwararrun masana kimiyya cikin binciken siyasa yana da mahimmanci. Ilimi ne da ya rataya a wuyan saukake "demokradiyya ta hanyar binciken manufofin". Wannan yana da fa'idodi da yawa: sanya 'yan ƙasa cikin ba kawai gudummawar bayanai ba, har ma da ƙira da haɓaka bincike kanta.
Daɗaɗɗen Birnin Aleppo
Zamanin daular da kuma fadada garin
A ranar 9 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1138 bayan haihuwar Yesu, wata girgizar ƙasa mai kisa ta abkawa birnin da kewaye. Ko da yake alkaluma daga wannan lokaci ba su da tabbas, amma an yi imanin cewa mutane 230,000 ne suka mutu, wanda ya zama girgizar kasa ta biyar mafi muni a tarihi.
Public participation
Kimiyyar dan kasa
Mabuɗin cin nasara wajen amfani da kimiyyar ɗan ƙasa ga ci gaban manufofi shi ne bayanan da suka "dace, masu ƙarfi, kuma sanannen ƙwarewa don ƙirar tushen shaidu". Matsalolin amfani da kimiyyar dan kasa ga ci gaban siyasa sun hada da rashin dacewa tsakanin bayanan da aka tattara da kuma manufar da ake magana akai da kuma shakku dangane da bayanan da wadanda ba masana suka tattara ba.
Ofentse Nato
Aikin kulob
Ya fara aikinsa na ƙwararru a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Botswana Gaborone United. Bayan ya shafe shekaru hudu a kulob din, ya koma kulob din Bidvest Wits na Afirka ta Kudu a watan Yulin 2012 kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu. Nato ya koma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Mpumalanga Black Aces akan lamuni a kakar PSL ta 2013–14.
Daɗaɗɗen Birnin Aleppo
Zamanin daular da kuma fadada garin
Bayan da Tamerlane ya mamaye Aleppo a shekara ta 1400 kuma ya lalata shi, Kiristoci sun yi hijira daga ganuwar birnin suka kafa nasu cell a shekara ta 1420, a yankunan arewa maso yammacin birnin, ta haka ne suka kafa sassan Jdeydeh. Mazaunan Jdeydeh sun kasance dillalai ne da ke saukaka kasuwanci tsakanin 'yan kasuwa na kasashen waje da 'yan kasuwa na cikin gida. An gina wasu gundumomi da yawa a wajen bangon tarihi a ƙarni na 15 da 16.
Public participation
'Yancin shiga jama'a
Mataki na 21 na Sanarwar Kare Hakkin Dan-Adam na Duniya ya nuna 'yancin kowane mutum ya shiga cikin al'amuran kasarsa, kai tsaye ko kuma ta hanyar zabar wakilai. Hakanan, 'yancin shiga siyasa na nufin' yancin da hukuma mai mulki ke jajircewa wajen samar da 'yanci ga' yan kasa, gami da 'yancin zabar da zabar wakilai, rike mukaman gwamnati bisa ka'idar daidaiton dama, shiga cikin sirri da tarurrukan jama'a, da 'yancin kafa da shiga jam'iyyun siyasa. Shafuka na 20 da 27 na Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan Hakkokin Civilan Adam da Siyasa sun yi irin wannan sanarwa game da haƙƙin shiga cikin harkokin al'amuran jama'a.
Ofentse Nato
Aikin kulob
A shekara ta 2014 aka sanar da cewa za a ba da shi aro ne zuwa babban birnin kasar Spain, inda zai shiga gasar zakarun na Spaniya a kan yarjejeniyar aro na shekaru biyu. Duk da haka, za a ba da shi aro zuwa kulob din Madrid satellite club a gasar Super League ta Indiya, Atletico de Kolkata, na tsawon makonni 12 a kan zuwansa, inda zai kasance karkashin jagorancin tsohon kocin Wits da Mamelodi Sundowns, Antonio Lopez Habas.
Daɗaɗɗen Birnin Aleppo
Zamanin daular da kuma fadada garin
An ambaci birnin, ta ɗaya daga cikin mayu, a cikin William Shakespeare's Macbeth, wanda aka rubuta tsakanin 1603 AZ da 1607 AZ.
Public participation
'Yancin shiga jama'a
A wasu yankuna doka ta tanadi haƙƙin shigar jama'a. Hakanan ana iya ɗaukar haƙƙin shiga cikin jama'a a matsayin haƙƙin ɗan adam, ko kuma bayyanuwar haƙƙin toancin haɗuwa da freedomancin taro. Kamar yadda Netherlands, Jamus, Denmark da Sweden, suna da damar shiga cikin jama'a da 'yancin samun bayanai a cikin tsarin shari'arsu tun kafin Tsararru. Dimokiradiyya da sa hannun jama'a suna da alaƙa da al'ummomin dimokiraɗiyya waɗanda suka haɗa haƙƙoƙin shiga jama'a cikin dokokinsu ƙarnuka da yawa. Misali, a Amurka 'yancin koke ya kasance wani bangare na Kwaskwarimar kundin tsarin mulkin Amurka na farko tun shekara ta 1791. A kwanan nan, tun daga shekarun 1970 a cikin New Zealand dokoki da yawa (misali: kiwon lafiya, ƙaramar hukuma, kula da muhalli) suna buƙatar jami'an gwamnati su "tuntuɓi" waɗanda abin ya shafa kuma su yi la'akari da ra'ayinsu yayin yanke shawara.
Ingantaccen halartar jama'a ya dogara da jama'a da samun dama ingantacce kuma mai gamsarwa. Saboda haka dokoki game da sa hannun jama'a galibi suna magana ne a kan batun haƙƙin sani, samun bayanai da 'yanci na bayanai. Hakanan ana iya haɓaka haƙƙin shiga cikin yanayin daidaito da haƙƙin ƙungiya, wanda ake nufi don tabbatar da daidaito da kuma cikakken halartar ƙungiyar da aka ayyana a cikin al'umma. Misali, a yanayin nakasassu.
Bayanin Rio kan Muhalli da Cigaba
Sanarwar ta Rio na 1992 ta ƙunshi shigar jama'a cikin ƙa'idodinta 27. Ka'ida ta 10 ta ce "an fi dacewa da magance matsalolin muhalli tare da sa hannun dukkan 'yan ƙasa da abin ya shafa, a matakin da ya dace". Bayanin na Rio ya ci gaba, yana jawo kusanci tsakanin samun dama ga bayanai da kuma halartar jama'a:"A matakin kasa, kowane mutum yana da damar da ta dace game da yanayin da hukumomin gwamnati ke rike da shi, gami da bayanai kan abubuwa masu hadari da ayyukan cikin al'ummominsu, da kuma damar shiga cikin tsarin yanke shawara. Jihohi za su taimaka da karfafa wayar da kan jama'a da kuma halartar su ta hanyar samar da bayanai a ko'ina. Za a samar da ingantacciyar hanyar yin shari'a da gudanarwa, gami da gyara da magance su."
Daɗaɗɗen Birnin Aleppo
Babban abubuwan gani
Gine-gine iri-iri na ƙarni na 13 da na 14, kamar su ayari, caeriya, makarantun kur’ani, hammams da gine-ginen addini ana samun su a tsohon birni. Yankunan gundumar Jdeydeh gida ne ga gidaje masu yawa na ƙarni na 16 da na 17 na Aleppin bourgeoisie, waɗanda ke ɗauke da zanen dutse.
Public participation
Yarjejeniyar kan Hakkokin Nakasassu
Yarjejeniyar 2006 kan Hakkokin Nakasassu ta amince da cewa "nakasa ta samo asali ne daga cudanya tsakanin mutane da nakasa da halaye na gari da na muhalli wadanda ke hana su cikakkiyar damar aiwatar da tasiri a cikin al'umma daidai da na wasu" kuma "masu nakasa suna ci gaba don fuskantar shinge a shigarsu a matsayinsu na daidaikun alumma. "
Daɗaɗɗen Birnin Aleppo
Souqs da Khans
Matsayin kasuwanci mai mahimmanci na birnin ya jawo hankalin mazauna kowane jinsi da imani waɗanda suke son cin gajiyar hanyoyin kasuwanci da suka hadu a Aleppo daga China da Mesofotamiya zuwa gabas, Turai zuwa yamma, da Crescent mai albarka da Masar a kudu. . Mafi girman kasuwar souq-kasuwa a duniya yana cikin Aleppo, tare da kimanin tsawon kilomita 13 (mil 8.1).
Mojisola Adekunle-Obasanjo
Mojisola Adekunle-Obasanjo (An haifeta 10 ga watan Agusta shekarar 1944 - 4 ga watan Yuni,shekarar 2009) mai ritaya ce daga cikin sojojin Najeriya da ta kafa jam'iyyar Gwagwarmayar Talakawa a Najeriya (Masses Movement of Nigeria) a shekarar 1998, daga baya ta yi takarar Shugaban kasa a karkashin jam'iyyar Masses Movement of Nigeria (MMN) a shekarar 2003. Ta Kuma yi takara a shekarar 2007 inda ta zama yar'takara mace kadai acikin wadanda aka kada wa kuri'a a matsayinta na mace daya tilo da za ayi takara a zaben shugaban kasa na shekarar 2007 .]].
Daɗaɗɗen Birnin Aleppo
Souqs da Khans
Al-Madina Souq, kamar yadda aka sani a cikin gida, cibiyar kasuwanci ce ta kasuwanci da ake shigowa da ita daga waje, kamar danyen siliki daga Iran, kayan yaji da rini daga Indiya, da kofi daga Damascus. Souq al-Madina kuma gida ne da kayayyakin gida kamar su ulu, kayan noma da sabulu. Yawancin sukuwan sun samo asali ne tun a karni na 14 kuma ana kiran su da sana’o’i da sana’o’i daban-daban, don haka sukuwar ulu, da tagulla, da sauransu. Banda fatauci, sukuwa ya ba 'yan kasuwa da kayansu a cikin khans (wasu caravanserais) suka watse a cikin souq. Sauran nau'ikan ƙananan wuraren kasuwa ana kiran su caeserias (قيساريات). Caeserias sun fi khans girma a girmansu kuma suna aiki azaman bita na masu sana'a. Yawancin khans sun ɗauki sunayensu bayan wurin da suke a cikin souq da aiki, kuma an siffanta su da kyawawan kayan ado da ƙofar shiga tare da katangar kofofin katako.
Mojisola Adekunle-Obasanjo
Ta kasance tsohuwar matar aure (1991-1998) ta tsohon Shugaban kasan Najeriya Olusegun Obasanjo.
Daɗaɗɗen Birnin Aleppo
Souqs da Khans
Manyan khans a ciki da wajen yankin Souq al-Madina da aka rufe sune: Khan al-Qadi daga 1450, Khan al-Saboun daga farkon karni na 16, Khan al-Nahhaseen na 1539, Khan al-Shouneh daga 1546, Khan al Jumrok daga 1574, Souq Khan al-Wazir daga 1682, Souq al-Farrayin, Souq al-Dira', Souq al-Hiraj, Souq al-Attarine, Souq az-Zirb, Souq Marcopoli, Souq as-Siyyagh, The Venetian' Khan,*Souq Khan al-Harir daga rabin na biyu na karni na 16, Suweiqa, da sauransu.
Mojisola Adekunle-Obasanjo
Adekunle-Obasanjo ta mutu a ranar Alhamis, 4 ga watan Yuni, shekarar 2009 a gidan 'yarta-Adetokunbo a birnin Ikoyi jihar Legas bayan gajeriyar rashin lafiya.
Daɗaɗɗen Birnin Aleppo
Souqs da Khans
Sauran souqs na gargajiya da khans a cikin kwata na Jdeydeh (a wajen birni mai katanga):
Mojisola Adekunle-Obasanjo
Ta kasance ta bar tana da yara huɗu (4) da jikoki masu yawa.
Daɗaɗɗen Birnin Aleppo
Gine-ginen tarihi
Manyan gine-ginen tarihi na tsohon birnin sun hada da:
Mojisola Adekunle-Obasanjo
Aikin siyasa
Mojisola ta yi aiki a matsayin mai aikin gidan Rediyo tare da Sojojin Najeriya saboda mafi yawan ayyukanta kafin ta yi ritaya daga aiki. A shekarar 2003, Manjo Mojisola ya tsaya takarar shugaban kasa a zaben shugaban kasa da na Gubernatorial. Ta samu adadin kuri'u 157,560 wanda ya yi daidai da 0.40% na kuri'un da aka amince da su.
Ta kuma yi takara a zaben Najeriya na shekarar 2007 kuma an kayar da ita.
Daɗaɗɗen Birnin Aleppo
Gine-ginen tarihi
Babban Masallacin Aleppo (Larabci: جَـامِـع حَـلَـب الْـكَـبِـيـر, Jāmi‘ Ḥalab al-Kabīr) shi ne mafi girma kuma daya daga cikin tsofaffin masallatai a birnin Aleppo na kasar Siriya. Yana cikin gundumar al-Jalloum na tsohon birnin Aleppo, wurin tarihi na duniya, kusa da kofar shiga Al-Madina Souq. An yi zargin cewa masallacin gida ne ga gawar Zakariyya, mahaifin Yahaya Maibaftisma, wadanda dukkansu abin girmamawa ne a Musulunci da Kiristanci. An gina shi a farkon karni na 8 AZ. Duk da haka, ginin na yanzu ya koma ƙarni na 11 zuwa 14. An gina minaret a cikin masallacin a shekara ta 1090, kuma an lalata shi a lokacin yakin basasar Siriya a watan Afrilun 2013.
Kofofi
An kewaye tsohon yankin da katanga mai tsawon kilomita 5 (mile 3.1), wanda kofofin tarihi tara suka huda (yawancinsu suna da kyau) na tsohon garin. Waɗannan su ne, a gefen agogo daga arewa-maso-gabas na kagara:
Hammams
Aleppo ya kasance gida ga hammams 177 a lokacin tsakiyar zamanai, har zuwa mamayewar Mongol lokacin da aka lalata wasu muhimman gine-gine a birnin. A halin yanzu, kusan 18 hammams suna aiki a tsohon birni.
Gundumomi da yankuna
Tsofaffin wuraren da ke kewaye da kagara a cikin ganuwar tsohon birni:
Tsofaffin wurare a wajen bangon tsohon birni:
Kiyaye tsohon birni
A matsayin tsohuwar cibiyar ciniki, manyan souqs na Aleppo, khans, hammams, madrasas, masallatai da majami'u duk suna buƙatar ƙarin aikin kulawa da kiyayewa. Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, an sake fasalin birnin sosai; a cikin 1954 Masanin ginin Faransa André Gutton ya yanke sabbin tituna da yawa a cikin birni don ba da damar sauƙi don zirga-zirgar zamani. Tsakanin 1954-1983 gine-gine da yawa a cikin tsohon birnin an ruguje don ba da damar gina rukunin gidaje na zamani, musamman a yankunan arewa maso yamma (Bab al-Faraj da Bab al-Jinan). Yayin da wayar da kan jama'a game da buƙatar kiyaye wannan al'adu na musamman ya karu, a ƙarshe an yi watsi da babban tsarin Gutton a cikin 1979 don maye gurbinsa da sabon tsarin da masanin Swiss kuma mai tsara birane Stefano Bianca ya gabatar, wanda ya karbi ra'ayin "kiyaye tsarin gine-ginen gargajiya na gargajiya. na Tsohuwar Aleppo" wanda ya share fage ga fitattun masu fafutuka na cikin gida, ciki har da Adli Qudsi, don shawo kan UNESCO ta ayyana Tsohon Birnin Aleppo a matsayin wurin tarihi na duniya a shekarar 1986.
Cibiyoyin kasa da kasa da dama sun hada kai da hukumomin gida da kungiyar Archaeological Society na Aleppo, don gyara tsohon birnin ta hanyar daidaita rayuwar zamani tare da kiyaye tsohon. Hakimi da gundumar suna aiwatar da manyan tsare-tsare da aka tsara don haɓaka tsohon birni da kwata na Jdeydeh.
Haɗin gwiwar fasaha na Jamus (GTZ) da Gidauniyar Aga Khan (a cikin firam ɗin Shirin Garuruwan Tarihi na Aga Khan) sun ba da gudummawa sosai a cikin tsarin adana tsohon birni. Wakilin gida na Aga Khan Trust for Culture daga 1999 har zuwa 2008 shi ne masanin gine-gine Adli Qudsi, wanda ya taka rawa sosai wajen kare tsohon birni daga rugujewar sojojin da ke fadada birane.
1991
1991 ita ce shekara ta dubu ɗaya da dari tara ta tisa'in da ɗaya a ƙirgar Miladiyya.
Jangi Jollof
Jangi Jollof fim ne na 2018 na Gambiya wanda aka yi daga wani tarihin da Momodou Sabally, tsohon Sakatare Janar kuma Ministan Harkokin Shugaban Ƙasa a Gambiya ya rubuta. Hakan ya biyo bayan tarihin rayuwar Sabally, da gwagwarmayar da ya sha don samun nasara a rayuwa. Bakary Sonko ne ya shirya shi kuma ya. bada umarni.
Labari
Matashin da ya yi aiki tukuru don ilmantar da kansa ta hanyar Jami'a sakamakon fitowar sa daga matalauta, ya kawo sauyi a cikin al'umma da kasa baki daya tare da zaburar da matasan da ke bayansa ta hanyar labarinsa.
Kyauta
A Kyautar Fina-Finan Na Musamman (SMA) 2018, Jangi Jollof ya lashe kyautuka biyu: Monica Davies ta lashe Mafi kyawun Jarumin Mata, kuma Momodou Sabally ya lashe Mafi kyawun Labari ko Screenplay.
Abu Dhabi (birni)
Abu Dhabi, da Larabci أَبُو ظَبِي‎, birni ne dake a masarautar Abu Dhabi, a ƙasar Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa. Shi ne babban birnin masarautar Abu Dhabi kuma da babban birnin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa. Bisa ga ƙidayar jama'a a shekarar 2018, akwai jimilar mutane 1,450,000. An gina birnin Abu Dhabi a ƙarshen karni na sha takwas bayan haifuwan annabi Issa.
Ernest Attuquaye Armah
Ernest Attuquaye Armah (an haife shi 27 ga watan Augustan 1957). Mai tsarawa ne na Ci Gaban, Mai Gine-Gine da kuma yawan Surveyor. Ya kuma kasance dan siyasa kuma tsohon dan majalisa na mazabar Trobu-Amasaman a yankin Greater Accra na Ghana.
Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Armah a 1957 kuma ya fito daga Afuaman (Yankin Zabe na Manhean) a cikin Babban yankin Accra na Ghana. Ya samu digiri na biyu a fannin gine-gine daga Kiev Civil Engineering Institute a Ukraine a 1988.
Rayuwar mutum da aiki
Armah kirista ce wacce ke ibada tare da Cocin Fentikos. Yayi aure yana da yara hudu. Yana aiki ne a matsayin Babban Injiniya a Majalisar Dokokin Ga.
Siyasa
An zabi Armah a matsayin dan majalisa mai wakiltar mazabar Ga ta Kudu a majalisar dokoki ta 3 ta jamhuriya ta hudu a babban zaben kasar Ghana na shekarar 2000. An zabe shi ne a kan tikitin jam'iyyar National Democratic Congress. Yankin nasa na daga cikin kujerun majalisar dokoki 6 daga cikin kujeru 22 da National Democratic Congress ta lashe a wancan zaben na yankin Greater Accra.
An zabe shi a kan Samuel Nii-Aryeetey Attoh na New Patriotic Party, Thelma Lantwei Lamptey na Convention People’s Party, Abraham Lartey Joe na National Reform Party, Daniel Addoquaye Pappoe na taron kasa na Jama'a da kuma Edward Osei Bonsu na United Ghana Movement. Wadannan sun samu kuri'u 30,425, 2,510 ,, 1,556, 1,035 da 335 daidai daga cikin kuri'un da aka kada. Waɗannan sun yi daidai da 39.2%, 3.2%, 2.0%, 1.3 da 0.4% daidai da adadin ƙuri'un da aka kaɗa.
Kauyen Hudu
Hudu ( Persian , kuma Romanized as Hūdū ) wani ƙauye ne a gundumar Pariz Rural, District Pariz, Sirjan County, Lardin Kerman, Iran. A ƙidayar shekara ta 2006, an lura da wanzuwarsa, amma ba a bayar da rahoton yawan jama'ar ba.
Jumoke George
Jumoke George 'yar fim ce a Nijeriya, kuma furodusa ce, kuma mai shirya fim ce. Cikakken sunanta Olajumoke Amoke Olatunde George. Ta kasance ƴar wasan kwaikwayo sama da shekaru arba'in kuma tana da rawa a fina-finai da yawa ɓangaren Yarbawa da Ingilishi na kudancin Najeriya wato Nollywood.
Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Jumoke George a ranar 18 ga Fabrairu. Ta girma ne a cikin tsauraran gida tare da mahaifinta wanda ke Soja kuma mahaifiya ta kasance ma'aikaciyar jinya. Ta halarci makarantar Command Children School Ann's Barracks Yaba, Lagos ; Makarantar yara ta sojoji ta Kano; Makarantar Grammar Anglican, Orita mefa, Ibadan sannan daga baya ta wuce Kwalejin Fasaha ta Gwamnati, Osogbo inda ta karanci Gudanar da Harkokin Kasuwanci. Jumoke ya kasance wanda aka azabtar da gida. Mahaifiyarta da mahaifinta sun rabu yayin da take ƙarama kuma ta yanke shawarar zama tare da mahaifinta da mahaifiyarsa. Daga baya ta sami matsala da mahaifiyarta wanda ya kai ga mahaifinta ya ƙi ta kuma ya jefar da ita daga gidan tun tana makarantar sakandare. Mahaifiyarta ba za ta iya sake yarda da ita ba don haka ta fara zama tare da kawaye. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" data-ve-ignore="true" style="white-space:nowrap;">[ '' <span title="18 February of what year? (April 2019)">yaushe? '' Abokin mahaifinta ne ya gabatar da Jumoke George don yin wasan kwaikwayo tun tana shekara 8. Ta yi wasan kwaikwayo tare da Gidan Talabijin na Kasa ( NTA ), Ibadan. An sanya ta cikin ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo a NTA Ibadan ta wani saurayi wanda sunan laƙabin shi 'Water Aqua'. Daga baya ta hadu da Shugabanta; Kwamared Victor Ashaolu wanda ya gabatar da ita ga masana'antar finafinan Yarbawa. Kwamared Victor ne ya koyar da ita kimanin shekara 11. A wani lokaci a cikin aikinta, ta kasance ba ta fuska har tsawon shekaru 14 ba tare da wata gayyata ba daga daraktocin fina-finai da furodusoshi saboda tsananin ɗabi'arta ga maza maza a masana'antar. A wannan lokacin hutun tilas daga masana'antar fim, Jumoke ya zama memba na Freelance da Independent Broadcasters Association of Nigeria; (FIBAN). Ta kafa shirye-shiryen 5 na rayuwa wanda ya sa ta kasance mai matukar damuwa daga yin wasan kwaikwayo.
Finafinai
Eekan soso, 2009
The wedding party, 2016
Kyauta
City People Movie Matriarch Recognition Award 2018
1990
1990 ita ce shekara ta dubu ɗaya da dari tara ta tisa'in a ƙirgar Miladiyya.
Sharjah (birni)
Sharjah , da Larabci ٱلشَّارقَة‎‎, birni ne dake a masarautar Sharjah, a ƙasar Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa. Shi ne babban birnin masarautar Sharjah. Bisa ga ƙidayar jama'a a shekarar 2015, akwai jimilar mutane 1,400,000. An gina birnin Sharjah a karni na sha takwas bayan haifuwan annabi Issa.
Manchester City F.C.
Manchester City Football Club, A kan kintse sunan zuwa Man City, ta kasance kulob ɗin ƙwararrun ƴan ƙwallon ƙafa ne dake zaune a garin Manchester, England, UK, suna fafatawa a gasar Premier League, babban gasar ƙwallon ƙafa a ƙasar England. Kulob ɗin ta lashe kofin league guda biyar da na Kofin FA biyar,da League Cups biyar,fifaCommunity Shield biyar,da kuma European Cup Winners'Cup guda daya.
Tarihi
An kafa ƙungiyar a shekara ta 1880, ta shiga cikin gasar Football League a shekara ta 1899,ta lashe babbar gasar na farko da Kofin fiFA a shekara ta 1904.Sun samu nasarori a karshen shekara ta 1960s, inda suka lashe kofin League, fiFA Cup da League Cup a karkashin horarwar Joe Mercer da Malcolm Allison. Bayan rashin nasarar ta shekarar1981 FA Cup Final, kulob din ta fada cikin rashin tagomashi,da samun relegation har zuwa rukuni na uku a English football. Bayan dawowar su cikin gasar Premier League a shekara ta 2000s, An saida kulob din Manchester City a shekara ta  2008, wanda Abu Dhabi United Group  suka saya a £210 million, da samun sa jari da dama. Kulob ta samu nasarar lashe gasa da dama a tsakanin shekarun 2010s, kuma suka zama Kulob ta farko da ta samu kaiwa maki 100 points a kakar gasar premier league.
Kudin shigar kulub din Manchester City shine na biyar a fifth highest a duniya a tsakanin shekara ta  2017–18 na kakar gasa, wanda yakai €527.7 million. a shekara ta 2018, kulub din ita ce na Biyar a fifth most valuable a duniya da kudin da suka kai $2.47 billion. . Kulub din nada babban hamayya sosai tsakanin ta da takwarar ta Manchester United a wasa tsakanin su da ake kira da Manchester Derby.
S. Shankar
Shankar Shanmugam (an haife shi 17 ga watan Agusta 1963), wanda aka lissafa shi a matsayS. Shankar ko sunansa Shankar, ɗan fim ɗin Indiya ne wanda galibi ke aiki a cikin fina -finan Tamil. Ya fara fitowa a matsayin darekta a cikin fim ɗin Gentleman (1993), wanda ya ci lambar yabo ta Filmfare Best Director Award da Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Director. Yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan daraktocin fina-finai na Indiya da aka biya, musamman sanannu don yawan amfani da tasirin gani, kayan kwalliya da fasahar zamani a cikin waƙoƙi.
Kenkey
Kenkey (wanda kuma aka sani da kɔmi, otim, kooboo ko dorkunu) babban kayan abinci ne mai kama da ƙura mai tsami daga yankin Ga da Fante na Yammacin Afirka, galibi ana ba da shi da miya barkono da soyayyen kifi ko miya, stew.
Siffantarwa
Ana samar da Kenkey ta hanyar narka masara cikin ruwa na kusan kwana biyu, kafin a niƙa su sannan a niƙa su a cikin kullu. An ba da izinin yin burodi na 'yan kwanaki, kafin a dafa wani sashi na kullu sannan a gauraya shi da kullu wanda ba a dafa ba.
Bambance -bambancen
Ice kenkey kayan zaki ne da aka yi daga kekey da aka cakuda da ruwa, sukari, madarar gari, da kankara.
Jumoke Verissimo
Jumoke Verissimo (an haifeta ranar 26 ga Disamba, 1979) a Legas mawaƙiya ce kuma marubuciya ƴar Nijeriya. Littafinta na farko, I Am Memory, ya ci wasu kyaututtuka na adabi a Najeriya. Wasu daga cikin baitocin nata suna cikin fassarar cikin yaren Italiyanci, Yaren mutanen Norway, Faransanci, Jafananci, Sinanci, da Macedoniyanci.
Rayuwa
Jumoke haifaffiyar Legas ce. Tana da digiri na biyu a karatun Afirka (wasan kwaikwayo) daga Jami'ar Ibadan da kuma digiri na farko a fannin adabin Turanci daga Jami'ar Jihar Legas.
Aiki
Tayi aiki a matsayin edita, ƙaramin edita, marubucin rubutu da kuma ɗan jarida mai zaman kansa don manyan jaridu kamar Guardian da NEXT. A yanzu haka Jumoke tana zaune a kasar Kanada tare da ‘yarta, inda take karatun digiri na uku.
Rubutawa
Jaridar People's Daily bayyana tarin ta a matsayin "tsayin daka na jin zafi da sauran motsin rai, tana tacewa ta fuskokin rashin ko in kula da cimma nasarar wata zanga-zangar nuna rashin amincewa." Jaridar Punch ta kuma bayyana ta a matsayin, "daya daga cikin wadanda za su sauya fasalin adabi a Najeriya", bayan littafinta na farko, wanda ya samu karbuwa a duk fadin kasar. Ayyukanta sun bayyana a cikin ƙaura (Afro-Italiyanci), Wole Soyinka ed., Voldposten 2010 (Norway), Livre d'or de Struga (Poetes du monde, sous le patronage de l'UNESCO) da sauran buguna da mujallu na kan layi. Wasu daga cikin baitocin nata suna cikin fassarar cikin yaren Italiyanci, Yaren mutanen Norway, Faransanci, Jafananci, Sinanci, da Macedoniyanci.
Masara
Masara (Zea mays) wani nau' abinci ne da ake sarrafa ta hanyoyi da dama.
Ita dai masara tana kuma da ɗandano me gamsar wa, sannan masara akan gasa ta domin aci, a kan kuma surfa ta domin ayi tuwon masara, sannan akanyi gugguru mai sukari da mai gishiri. an sarrafawa ta Hanyar maida shi semonvita, conflaks, custard.da koa abnc kaji.
Filin jirgin saman Atlanta Hartsfield-Jackson
Filin jirgin saman Atlanta Hartsfield-Jackson (da Turanci Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport) shi ne babban filin jirgin saman dake birnin Atlanta, babban birnin jihar Georgia, a ƙasar Tarayyar Amurka.
Filin jirgin saman Beijing Capital
Filin jirgin saman Beijing Capital shi ne babban filin jirgin saman dake birnin Beijing, babban birnin ƙasar Sin.
Osama bin Laden
Osama bin Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden  An haife shi ranar 10 ga watan Maris, shekara ta alif 1957 ya rasu ranar 2 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 2011. An kuma haife shi a kasar saudi Arebia. shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar tsagerun Islama ta Al-Qaeda.
Farkon Rayuwa
An haifi Osama Bin Laden a birnin Riyadh na kasar Saudiyya a shekara ta 1957 ko kuma 1958. Shi ne na 17 a cikin 'ya'ya 52 na mahaifinsa Mohammed bin Laden dan asalin kasar Yamen wanda ya mallaki kamfanin gine-gine mafi girma a masarautar Saudiyya. Matashi Osama yana da gata, tarbiya mai daraja. 'Yan uwansa sun yi karatu a Yamma kuma suna aiki a kamfanin mahaifinsa (babban kamfani ne wanda ke siyar da kayan masarufi kamar motocin da abubuwan sha na a Gabas ta Tsakiya), amma Osama bin Laden ya kasance kusa da gida. Ya yi makaranta a Jiddah, ya yi aure yana matashi, kuma kamar sauran mazajen Saudiyya, ya shiga kungiyar ‘yan uwa Musulmi Muslim Brotherhood. Ra'ayin bin Laden, Musulunci ya wuce addini kawai: Ya hada da siyasa kuma tana rinjayar duk shawarar da ya yanke. Yayin da yake jami'a a karshen shekarun 1970, ya zama mabiyin malamin nan masu tsatsauran ra'ayin addinin Islama, Abdullah Azzam, wanda ya yi imani da cewa dukkan musulmi su tashi a jihadi, ko yaki mai tsarki, don samar da daular Musulunci guda daya. Wannan ra'ayi ya ja hankalin matashin bin Laden, wanda ya koka da abin da yake gani a matsayin tasirin da yammacin duniya ke da shi a rayuwar Gabas ta Tsakiya. A cikin 1979, sojojin Soviet sun mamaye Afghanistan; Ba da jimawa ba, Azzam da bin Laden sun yi tafiya zuwa Peshawar, wani birni na Pakistan da ke kan iyaka da Afganistan, don shiga cikin gwagwarmaya. Ba su da kansu su zama mayaka ba, amma sun yi amfani da dimbin alakar da suke da su don samun tallafin kudi da yan tawayen Afghanistan. Sun kuma karfafa gwiwar samari da su fito daga ko'ina a Gabas ta Tsakiya don zama wani bangare na jihadin Afganistan. Kungiyarsu, da ake kira Maktab al-Khidamat (MAK) ta yi aiki a matsayin cibiyar sadarwar daukar ma'aikata ta duniya - tana da ofisoshi a wurare masu nisa kamar Brooklyn da Tucson, Arizona - kuma ta ba da sojoji, waɗanda aka fi sani da "Larabawan Afganistan," tare da horarwa da kayayyaki. Mafi mahimmanci, ya nuna wa bin Laden da abokansa cewa mai yiyuwa ne a yi amfani da Pan-Islam a aikace.
Samauwar Al Qaeda
A cikin 1988, bin Laden ya kirkiro wata sabuwar kungiya, mai suna al Qaeda wanda ziyi  amfani daita kan ayyukan ta'addanci maimakon yakin neman zabe. Bayan da Tarayyar Soviet ta fice daga Afganistan a shekarar 1989, bin Laden ya koma Saudiyya don kara kaimi wajen tara kudade don wannan sabon aiki mai sarkakiya. Sai dai kuma, dangin masarautar Saudiyya masu goyon bayan kasashen Yamma sun ji tsoron cewa zazzafan kalaman da Bin Laden ke yi na iya haifar da rikici a cikin masarautar, don haka suka yi kokarin rufe shi kamar yadda za su iya. Sun kwace fasfo dinsa kuma suka yi watsi da tayin nasa na aika "Larabawan Afganistan" don suyi gadin kan iyaka bayan Iraki ta mamaye Kuwait a 1990.
1989
1989 ita ce shekara ta dubu ɗaya da dari tara ta tamanin da tara a ƙirgar Miladiyya.
Yaƙin Basasar Chadi (2005–2010)
Yaƙin basasar Chadi na kwanan nan ya fara ne a cikin Disamba 2005. Tun lokacin da ta samu 'yanci daga Faransa a shekarar 1960, yaƙin basasa ya mamaye yankin Chadi a tsakanin Larabawa-Musulmin arewa da Sahara - Kiristocin kudu. A sakamakon haka, shugabanci da shugabanci a Chadi sun yi ta kai da komo tsakanin Kiristocin kudu da musulmin arewa. Lokacin da wani bangare ke kan mulki, ɗaya ɓangaren yakan fara yaƙin neman sauyi ne don dakile shi.
Faransa, tsohuwar mai ikon mulkin mallaka, da makwabciyar Chadi Libya ta arewa duk sun shiga cikin sahu daban-daban a duk lokacin yakin basasa. Zuwa tsakiyar shekarun 1990 yakin basasa ya dan daidaita, kuma a shekarar 1996 an tabbatar da Idriss Déby, dan arewa, a matsayin shugaban ƙasar a zaɓen farko na demokradiyya da aka yi a Chadi. A cikin 1998 aka fara tawaye dauke da makamai a arewa, ƙarƙashin jagorancin tsohon shugaban tsaron Shugaba Déby, Youssouf Togoimi. Yarjejeniyar zaman lafiyar Libya a shekarata 2002 ta kasa kawo karshen fadan. A shekarar 2003, rikici a yankin Darfur da ke makwabtaka da Sudan ya bazu zuwa kan iyaka zuwa Chadi. 'Yan gudun hijirar daga Sudan sun kasance tare da fararen hula' yan ƙasar Chadi waɗanda ke kokarin gujewa tashin hankalin 'yan tawaye kuma daga karshe suka cika sansanonin. A bayyane yake cewa 'yan tawayen Chadi sun sami makamai da taimako daga gwamnatin Sudan. A lokaci guda, 'yan tawayen Sudan sun sami taimako daga gwamnatin Chadi. A watan Fabrairun 2008, kungiyoyin 'yan tawaye uku suka hada karfi wuri guda suka fara kai hari a N'Djamena babban birnin Chadi. Bayan kaddamar da farmakin da ya kasa mamaye fadar shugaban kasar, an fatattaki harin da kakkausar murya. Faransa ta aika da dakaru don su mamaye gwamnati. Da yawa daga cikin ‘yan tawayen tsoffin abokan kawancen Shugaba Idriss Déby ne. Sun zarge shi da cin hanci da rashawa ga 'yan ƙabilar.
Dalilin
Yawancin shugabannin 'yan tawaye tsofaffin abokan Déby ne, waɗanda suka bijire masa bayan ya yanke shawarar sauya kundin tsarin mulki. Canjin tsarin mulki ya ba Déby damar sake tsayawa takara a 2006, tare da ba da ikon sauya kundin tsarin mulki ga shugaban, wannan matakin ya sa da yawa daga cikin abokan Déby suka fara yi masa tawaye.
Na ɗaya, yakin ya zama tamkar ci gaba ne na rikice-rikicen Darfur da Chadi, wadanda suka hada da gasar iko da kasa. Abu na biyu, akwai rikicin Cadi na cikin gida. Déby ya koma mulkin soja na mutum daya bayan da aka yi fatan fadada tushen mulkinsa a karshen shekarun 1990 wanda ya hade da ci gaban siyasar farar hula a N'djamena. Déby ya dogara sosai akan ƙungiyar dangi na kusa da kuma da'awar kuɗin da aka ba gwamnati don biyan bukatunsa, rarraba kayan agaji don biyayya ga farar hula. Na uku shi ne dabarun Khartoum (babban birnin Sudan) na kula da tsaro a cikin iyakarta, wanda ya hada da daukar kasashe marasa karfi da ke kewaye da ita kamar kawai fadada iyakarta. Tsaron Sudan ya taimaka wajen kawo Déby kan karagar mulki a 1990 a matsayin wani bangare na nauyin da ke kansu wanda kuma ya ga ta shiga soja a kasashen Eritrea, Habasha, Uganda, Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Congo (DRC), da Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya (CAR) a cikin shekaru goma na soja. Kamar yadda Khartoum ta yi amfani da haɗin gwuiwa da azabtarwa don sarrafa manyan lardunan yankin na Darfur, ta yi amfani da waɗannan kayan aikin don yin tasiri a kan iyakarta zuwa iyakarta. Bugu da ƙari, gasar yanki don mamayewa ta hanyar babban yankin Afirka ta Tsakiya ba safai ke iko da ikon hukuma ba. Wannan yanki da ya keɓe ya haɗa da Chadi, CAR, da arewacin DRC, gami da yankunan Tripoli da Sudan, tare da Kinshasa, Kigali, Kampala, har ma da Asmara suna fafatawa don tasiri a wannan yankin, har da Khartoum.
Sakamakon
Aiwatar da sauye-sauyen da aka yi alkawalin a cikin yarjejeniyar watan Agustan 2007 tare da jam'iyyun adawa ba a hankali ba kuma ba a daidaita ba. A duk fadin kasar, sojojin gwamnati sun ci gaba da kamewa da tsare fararen hula da wadanda ake zargi da tayar da kayar baya, ba tare da nuna bambanci ba, galibi bisa la'akari da kabilanci, da kuma sanya su cikin mummunan hukunci da ba na al'ada ba. Yanayin gidan yarin Chadi na daga cikin mawuyacin hali a nahiyar Afirka. Institutionsananan hukumomi na adalci sun ba da gudummawa ga al'adar keɓewa. Gwamnati ba ta bincika ko gurfanar da mummunan cin zarafin da ake yi wa fararen hula ba, kamar kashe-kashe da fyaɗe da jami'an tsaron gwamnati da 'yan tawaye suka yi bayan arangamar da aka yi a Am Dam a watan Mayun 2009. Fiye da 'yan gudun hijirar Sudan 250,000 da' yan kasar Chadi 168,000 da suka rasa muhallinsu ke zaune a sansanoni da sauran wurare a gabashin Chadi. A watan Afrilun 2010, kusan sabbin 'yan gudun hijirar Sudan 5,000 sun zo daga Darfur ta Yamma, bayan sabon fada a can tsakanin kungiyar' yan tawayen Sudan Ƙungiyar Adalci
SCUD Raid akan Guéréda
'Yan tawayen Chadi sun kai hari a Guéréda, mai tazarar kilomita 120 arewa da Adré, a ranar 7 ga Disambar 2005, inda suka kashe mutane goma tare da raunata biyar. Harin (wanda aka danganta shi da Platform for Change, Unity and Democracy, SCUD, gungun wasu sojojin Chadi da suka gudu) ya nuna farkon kamfen din 'yan tawaye daga Darfur kuma ya sa gwamnatin Chadi ta la'anci Khartoum saboda goyon bayan' yan tawayen.
RDL Raid on Adré
A ranar 18 ga Disambar 2005, ƙungiyar (RDL), wata ƙungiyar 'yan tawayen Chadi da ke zaune a Darfur, ta kai hari kan iyakar garin Adré, Chadi da ke kan iyaka. Adré shine mabuɗin dabarun kare Chadi daga hare-haren da aka ƙaddamar daga Sudan. Shugaban Chadi Idriss Déby, sakamakon fatattaka daga sojojin Chadi zuwa kungiyoyin 'yan tawayen Chadi tsakanin Oktoba zuwa Disamba 2005, ya fara karfafa Adré, da kuma Abéché, babban birnin lardin gabashin Ouadda eastern, tun kafin harin 18 ga Disamba 2005.
Yaƙin Farko na N'Djaména
A watan Afrilun 2006 shugaban 'yan tawayen ƙasar Chadi Mahamat Nour Abdelkarim, bayan da ya hada kan kungiyoyin' yan tawayen na Chadi da dama a karkashin tutar ƙungiyar 'Front Uni pour le Changement' (United Front for Change, FUC), suka yiwa N'Djamena ƙawanya. A ranar 13 ga Afrilun 2006, 1,200 zuwa 1,500 ‘yan tawayen FUC a cikin manyan motocin ɗaukar kaya 56 suka fasa daruruwan kilomita a fadin Chadi daga sansanonin Darfur da Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya don fafatawa da musayar wuta da jami’an tsaron Chadi a kan titunan babban birnin kasar. Fadan da aka yi a Ndjaména ya kasance ne daga 5 na safe zuwa 11 na safe kuma ya hada da motocin daukar sojoji masu sulke, na’urar kere kere (motoci masu taya hudu dauke da manyan makamai) da tankokin yaki, kuma an yi yakin ne a yankunan kudu maso gabashin kudu da kuma a Palais des Quinze, majalisar dokokin Chadi, wacce Sojojin 'yan tawaye da ba su san yadda aka tsara babban birnin ba sun yi wa fadar shugaban kasa tawaye.
Tare da taimako mai yawa daga sojojin Faransa, yunƙurin karɓar ikon ya ci tura, tare da kashe ɗaruruwan.
Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Benuwai
A Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Benuwai Makarantar ilimi CE dake a cikin Ugbokolo, Okpokwu karamar hukumar, Jihar Binuwai, Najeriya. Rector na yanzu shine Dr. Usman David Kuti. Tun asali ana kiranta da Kwalejin Murtala ta Fasaha, Kimiyya da Fasaha, wacce gwamnan soja na Jihar Benuwai, Kanar Abdullahi Shelleng shekara ta(1976-1978) ya kafa a shekara ta 1977. A cikin shekara ta 1983, Sashin Aikin Gona na Kwalejin ya haɗu da Kwalejin Aikin Gona ta Akperan Orshi. Makarantar ta yarda da ita azaman polytechnic mallakar jihar ta Hukumar Kula da Ilimin Fasaha.
Biyo bayan tashin hankali a wasu wurare a cikin jihar ta Benuwai a cikin watan Maris na shekara ta 2006, yayin zanga-zangar lumana ta dalibai a kwalejin kimiyya game da kisan dalibi da kuma adawa da karin kudade, shugaban karamar hukumar Okpokwu ya bukaci daliban da kar su dauki doka a hannunsu. A wajen bikin yaye dalibai karo na 29 na sabbin daliban a wannan watan alkalin ya bukaci daliban da su guji duk wata cuta ta zamantakewa. A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2008 makarantar kwalejin koyar da kasuwanci da nazarin gudanarwa ta shirya babban taronta na kasa karo na farko tare da taken: Imperatives of Prudent Resources Management in Nigeria for Sustainable Development.
Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe ko Jamhuriyar Zimbabwe, (da Turanci: Republic of Zimbabwe), ƙasa ce, da ke a kudu maso Gabashien Afirka. Zimbabwe tana da yawan fili kimanin kilomita arabba'i (390,757). Zimbabwe tana da yawan jama'a kimani (16,150,362), bisa ga jimillar shekara ta (2016), Zimbabwe tana da iyaka da Afirka ta Kudu, da ga kudu, Botswana da ga kudu masu yamma, Zambiya da ga arewa, sai kuma da Mozambique Daga ga gabas. Babban birnin Zimbabwe, Harare ne. Shugaban kasar Zimbabwe Emmerson Mnangagwa (lafazi: /emeresone menanegagewa/) ne daga shekara ta( 2017).
Tarihi
Zimbabwe ta samu yancin kanta a shekara ta 1965, daga Birtaniya.