cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Daniel Arzani
Lamuni ga Celtic
A ranar 7 ga watan Agusta 2020, Arzani ya koma kungiyar FC Utrecht ta Dutch Eredivisie a matsayin aro kafin kakar wasan ta 2020 zuwa 21. Ya fara buga wa kungiyar wasa a wasan sada zumunta da Go Ahead Eagles washegari 8 gawatan Agusta 2020. Ya ba da taimakonsa na farko ga kungiyar a wasan sada zumunci da ya buga da AFC Ajax a Johan Cruyff Arena a ranar 13 gawatan Agusta 2020 kuma ya fara wasan farko na Eredivisie a wasan su na farko a VVV-Venlo a ranar 18 ga Satumba 2020. Yana da taimakon farko a Eredivisie daga wani kusurwa a ranar 27 Satumba Satumba 2020 yayin wasan sa na gaba da RKC Waalwijk. Daga baya Arzani ya fara buga Jong Utrecht a karon farko a ranar 19 ga Oktoba 2020 a kan Jong Ajax kafin ya fara buga gasar cin Kofin Dutch a babbar kungiyar da FC Dordrecht a kan 27 Oktoba 2020 tare da taimakon Sander van de Streek. Arzani ya ci wa Jong Utrecht kwallonsa ta farko a ranar 4 ga Disambar 2020 a wasan laliga da Almere City FC.
A ranar 26 ga Janairun 2021, Arzani ya koma AGF a Danish Superliga a matsayin aro a lokacin kakar 2020 zuwa 21. Ya ci kwallo a wasan farko da kulob dinsa ya buga a wasan sada zumunci da AC Horsens a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 2021 kuma ya fara buga wasan farko da Lyngby a ranar 7 ga Fabrairu 2021. Ya fara wasan farko na Kofin Danish a wasa mai zuwa a ranar 10 ga Fabrairu da B.93 Copenhagen. Arzani ya buga wasanni biyu a kungiyar a cikin watan farko, inda ya ci kwallaye biyu a raga. Ya buga wasansa na karshe na wannan kakar a ranar 28 ga Mayu 2021 a wasan share fage na Turai da AaB, yana taimakawa tawagarsa ta kai zagayen cancanta na gasar UEFA Europa Conference League ta farko.
Matasa
Arzani ya buga wa Australia wasa a matakin ‘yan kasa da shekaru 17, a karkashin shekaru 20 da kuma 23, kuma an kira shi cikin gasar cin kofin kwallon kafa ta duniya ta AFC U-16 ta Australia da kuma kungiyar FIFA U-17 ta 2015. Saboda al'adunsa na Iran, Arzani ya cancanci wakiltar Iran da Australia a matakin duniya. A watan Fabrairun 2018, Arzani ya bayyana cewa ya fi karkata ga wakiltar Australia kan Iran.
Arzani ya dawo cikin kungiyar 'yan kasa da shekaru 23 a cikin watan Oktoba na 2019 don shirye-shiryen neman cancantar shiga gasar Ostiraliya gabanin Gasar 2020 AFC U-23. Manajan Graham Arnold ya ce Arzani ba zai buga gasar ba saboda ci gaba da murmurewa da yake yi kafin ya lura cewa za a iya kara shi a cikin kungiyar Olimpia idan Ostiraliya ta tsallake.
Arzani ya ci kwallonsa ta farko a kungiyar 'yan kasa da shekaru 23 a ranar 12 ga Yuni 2021, inda ya ci kwallo biyu a wasan sada zumunci da Mexico a lokacin shirye-shiryen gasar Olympic a Marbella. A ranar 28 ga Yuni 2021, an sanya Arzani a cikin tawagar Olyroos ta Olympics.
Babban
Yana dan shekara 19, an kira Arzani cikin tawagar farko ta Ostiraliya don gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2018 a ranar 7 ga watan Mayu 2018. Ya fara buga wa Australia wasa na farko a matsayin minti na 84 a madadin Mathew Leckie a wasan sada zumunci da Czech Republic a ranar 1 ga Yuni 2018. An kira shi a cikin 'yan wasa na karshe na 23 na Bert van Marwijk don gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2018 washegari, ya zama mafi ƙarancin ɗan wasan Australiya a cikin tawagar Kofin Duniya da kuma ƙaramin ɗan wasa gabaɗaya a Gasar cin Kofin Duniya ta 2018. Arzani ya ci kwallonsa ta farko ta kasa da kasa ga Australia minti daya bayan an sauya shi a wasan sada zumunci na gaba don nasarar da 2-1 ta doke Hungary a ranar 9 ga Yunin 2018. Ya fara buga gasar cin kofin duniya a ranar 16 ga Yuni 2018 a matsayin minti na 84th da ya buga da Faransa. Tun yana dan shekara 19 da kwanaki 163 ya zama dan wasa mafi karancin shekaru da ya taba bayyanar da Kofin Duniya ga Australia. An yi amfani da Arzani a matsayin maye gurbin duka wasannin Kofin Duniya uku da Faransa, Denmark da Peru.
Salon wasa
An yaba wa Arzani saboda saurin saurin sa da iya wasan dribbling, mai iya taka leda a kowane bangare ko a bayan dan wasan. Ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa da ƙwallo tun yana ƙarami.
Rayuwar mutum
Haihuwar a Iran ga Sima da John Arzani tare da ɗan'uwansa Ben, Daniel ya ƙaura zuwa Ostiraliya tare da danginsa yana ɗan shekara bakwai kuma an tashe shi a Sydney kafin ya koma Melbourne. Ya iya Turanci da Farisanci sosai. Arzani tsohon dalibi ne na Makarantar Sakandaren Samari ta Sydney da kuma Jami'ar La Trobe.
Tallafi
Arzani yana da kwangila tare da American wasanni na maroki Nike.
Kulab
Birnin Melbourne
Phillip Ayeni
Navy Captain Phillip Oladipo Ayeni (Fabrairu 1949 – 21 ga Afrilu 2017) shi ne Mai Gudanarwa na farko a Jihar Bayelsa, Nijeriya bayan an kafa ta daga wani yanki na Jihar Ribas, ya rike mukamin daga Oktoba 1996 zuwa Fabrairu 1997 a lokacin mulkin soja na Janar. Sani Abacha.
Aminatou Maiga Touré
Aminatou Djibrilla Maiga Touré jami'ar diflomasiyar Najeriya ce. Ta kasance Jakadiyar Nijar a Amurka daga shekarar 2006 zuwa 2010, kuma ta yi aiki a gwamnatin riƙon ƙwarya a matsayin ministar harkokin wajen ƙasar tun watan Maris ɗin shekarar 2010.
Touré ya fara aiki a ma'aikatar harkokin waje a shekarar 1979. An naɗa ta a Sashen kula da harkokin shari’a da na ofishin jakadancin har zuwa shekarar 1991 sannan aka tura ta a ofishin jakadancin Nijar da ke Jamus daga 1991 zuwa 1995. Da ta koma Nijar, ta riƙe muƙamin Magajin Garin Niamey Commune II daga 1996 zuwa 2000. Touré ya kasance babban sakatare na dindindin a ma'aikatar harkokin waje daga 2000 zuwa 2003 sannan ya zama babban sakataren ma'aikatar harkokin wajen ƙasar ta La Francophonie daga 2003 zuwa 2005.
Bayan an naɗa ta a matsayin Jakadiyar Amurka, Touré ta gabatar da takardun shaidarta a ranar 9 ga Maris 2006. Ta kasance a wannan matsayi na tsawon shekaru huɗu. A ranar 18 ga Fabrairun 2010, an hamɓarar da Shugaba Mamadou Tandja a juyin mulkin soja a Yamai, kuma Salou Djibo, Shugaban Majalisar ƙoli don Maido da Demokaraɗiyya (CSRD), sannan ya naɗa Touré ya yi aiki a gwamnatin riƙon ƙwarya a matsayin ministan harkokin waje. ranar 1 ga Maris, 2010.
BBC Hausa
BBC Hausa kafar yaɗa labarai a harshen Hausa ce, mallakin tashar labarai ta BBC  da turanci wato (British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) World Service wadda take watsa shirye-shiryen ta a harshen Hausa musamman ma labarun da suka shafi ƙasashen  Nigeria, Ghana, Niger da kuma sauran masu jin harshen Hausa dake a yankunan Yammacin Afrika. Bangarene na harsunan da BBC ke watsa shiryeshiryen ta guda 33 wadanda guda 5 daga cikin su yarukan Afrika ne.  Ana watsa shirye shiryen sashen na Hausa kai tsaye daga babbar tashar ta BBC dake birni  Landan wato  Broadcasting House da kuma tashar ta dake babban birnin taraiyar Najeriya Abuja dakuma shafinta na yanar gizo wanda ake wallafawa duka dai a birnin na  Abuja
Tarihin BBC Hausa
Tashar BBC Hausa itace sashen farko da BBC ta fara gabatar da shirye shiryen ta daga cikin harsunan dake Afrika kuma daya daga cikin biyar na harsunan Afrika da BBC ke watsa shirye shiryen ta. An kaddamar da tashar ne a     ranar 13 ga watan Maris din  shekara ta alif 1957 da karfe 9:30 agogon GMT da shirin minti 15 wanda  Aminu Abdullahi Malumfashi ya gabatar. Daga baya kuma Abubakar Tunau yacigaba da kawo labaran fassara a shirin BBC na Labarun yammacin Afrika wato West Africa in the News. Ana gabatar da shirye shiryen sashin Hausa na BBC na farko farko a ranakun Laraba da Juma'a ne kawai, bayan shekara daya kuma akaci gaba da gabatar da labarun kullum kullum.ranar 1 ga watan Yuni shekara ta alif 1958.
A watan Mayu na 2017 ne BBC Hausa tayi bikin cika shekara 60 da fara watsa shirye shirye. Bikin ya samu halartar daraktar BBC wato BBC World Service Group, Fran Unsworth.
Shugaban kasar Najeriya, Muhammadu Buhari ya tura sakon murya a yayin bikin inda ya ambaci tashar ta BBC Hausa da tashar jan hankalin masu sauraro kuma wadda ta kwashe shekaru tana gabatar da shirye shirye.
Ofishin Abuja
Anbude Ofishin BBC Hausa a Abuja tun a shekarar 2002.
Watsa shirye shirye
A yawancin lokuta BBC nada babban edita da masu gabatar da shirye shirye da mataimakan editoci da babban mai gabatar da rahoto. Sannan kuma tafi karfin gabatar da labarunta game da al'amuran da suka shafi biranen Kaduna, Kano, Jos, Enugu, Abuja da Sokoto da kuma kasahen  Niger republic, Ghana da kasar Sin.
Tashoshin FM da suke gabatar da shirye shiryen BBC Hausa a Najeriya
Ana sake watsa wasu shirye shiryen na BBC Hausa a kafafen Radiyo da Talabijin dake Najeriya da hadin gwiwar kafar BBC wato BBC World Service. Ga wasu daga cikin su
Hindou Oumarou Ibrahim
Hindou Oumarou Ibrahim yar kasar Chadi ce mai fafutukar kare muhalli kuma mai nazarin yanayin ƙasa. Ita ce Mai Gudanarwa na Ƙungiyar Matan Peul da Autochthonous Peoples of Chad (AFPAT) kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin babban darektan rumfar Cibiyar Ƙaddamar da Ƙwararru ta Duniya a COP21, COP22 da COP23.
Faɗakarwa da bayar da shawarwari
Ibrahim wata mai fafutukar kare muhalli ce da ke aiki a madadin mutanenta, Mbororo a Chadi. Ta yi karatu a N'Djamena babban birnin kasar Chadi kuma ta yi hutu tare da ƴan asalin Mbororo, wadanda a al'adance makiyaya ne, kiwo da kiwon shanu. A lokacin da take karatun ta, ta fahimci yadda ake nuna mata wariya a matsayinta na ƴar asalin ƙasar nan, da kuma yadda aka kebe takwarorinta na Mbororo daga cikin damar karatu da ta samu. Don haka a cikin 1999, ta kafa kungiyar ƴan asalin Peul Women and Peoples of Chad (AFPAT), kungiyar da ta mai da hankali kan inganta ƴancin ƴan mata da mata a cikin al'ummar Mbororo da karfafa jagoranci da bayar da shawarwari kan kare muhalli. Kungiyar ta sami lasisin gudanar da aikinta a cikin 2005 kuma tun daga lokacin ta shiga cikin shawarwarin ƙasa da ƙasa kan yanayi, ci gaba mai dorewa, bambancin halittu, da kare muhalli.
Ta mayar da hankali kan shawarwarin kare muhalli ya samo asali ne daga irin yadda ta samu kan illolin sauyin yanayi na duniya ga al'ummar Mbororo, wadanda suka dogara da albarkatun ƙasa don rayuwarsu da kuma rayuwar dabbobin da suke kula da su. Shekaru da dama, suna fuskantar matsalar bushewar tafkin Chadi ; Tafkin wani muhimmin tushen ruwa ne ga mutanen Chadi, Kamaru, Nijar da Najeriya, kuma yanzu ya kai kashi 10% na girmansa tun daga shekarun 1960. A wata rubutacciyar shaidar da ta yi wa Hukumar Kula da Hijira ta Duniya, Ibrahim ta jaddada cewa mutanenta, da kuma al’ummomin ƴan asalinta kamar nata, “masu fama da matsalar sauyin yanayi ne kai tsaye,” wanda ya yi sanadiyyar raba su da muhallansu, wanda ya tilasta musu barin filayensu don neman wadanda za su iya kiyaye tsarin rayuwarsu. A cikin wannan shaidar, ta kuma yi magana game da sakamakon ƙaura na sauyin yanayi, wanda ke barin al'ummomin ƙaura cikin haɗari.
Ibrahim ta yi rubuce-rubuce kan mahimmancin amincewa da haƙƙin ƴan asalin ƙasar wajen kera sauyin yanayi na duniya don hanyoyin daban-daban, ciki har da Quartz da Ajandar taron tattalin arzikin duniya. Wani abin da ke damun Ibrahim shi ne haƙƙin da doka ta ƴan asalin ƙasar ke da shi na mallaka da sarrafa filayen da suke zaune. Irin waɗannan haƙƙoƙin doka suna ba da tabbacin cewa al'ummomin ƴan asalin suna da hukumar shari'a a cikin ci gaban tattalin arziƙin da ka iya raba su, kamar ayyukan hakar mai, hakar ma'adinai, da tashoshin wutar lantarki.
Ibrahim ta yi aiki tare da UNESCO da kuma kwamitin kula da al'ummar Afirka na IPACC a kan wani aiki na taswirar 3D a yankin hamadar Sahel na Chadi, inda Mbororos 250,000 ke rayuwa a halin yanzu, suna dogaro da noma. Aikin ya haɗa fasahohin taswira na 3D tare da ilimin kimiyya na asali don haɓaka kayan aiki don ɗorewa da sarrafa yanayi da ƙarfafa muryoyin ƴan asalin-musamman na mata-don yanke shawara kan tsarawa don dacewa da yanayin yanayi na gaba. Ibrahim a cikin jawabinta na Disamba 2019 TED game da tasirin sauyin yanayi ta ce yayin ƙirƙirar taswirar 3D Ibrahim ya sami damar shigar da muryoyin mata cikin yanke shawara tare da baiwa maza girma kamar yadda al'adarta ta tanada. Mata sun iya gano inda suka tara magungunan da kuma inda suke tattara abincin da mazan suka yarda ta hanyar gyada kai. kuma ta bayyana yadda kakarmu za ta iya ba da labari game da hasashen yanayi, ƙauran dabbobi, girman 'ya'yan itace, da halayen shanunta ta hanyar lura da yanayinta. A wata hira da BBC don shirin mata 100 na BBC, Ibrahim ya ce: “Kowace al’ada tana da kimiyya. Don haka yana da matukar muhimmanci ga muryar ’yan asalin ta kasance a wurin.”
nu b.XuCBB*/. ncu A Bncun
A cikin 2019, ta zama ɗaya daga cikin mutane 17 da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta naɗa a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga Manufofin Ci gaba mai dorewa. SDG wanda ya kunshi manufofi 17, wanda aka amince da shi a shekarar 2015, ita ce hanyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na kokarin ganin duniya ta inganta yayin da aka nada masu ba da shawara don taimakawa wajen wayar da kan jama'a tare da ganin an cimma wadannan manufofin ta hanyar taka rawar da aka ba su. . Daga baya, ta halarci
Jagoranci
Ibrahim yana aiki ne a cikin wasu ayyukan jagoranci da ke ba da ra'ayi kan mahimmancin ilimin 'yan asalin ƙasar wajen rage tasirin sauyin yanayi. Ita ce shugabar kungiyar 'yan asalin kasa ta kasa da kasa kan sauyin yanayi, wacce ta wakilci kungiyar a taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don yaki da hamada (UNCCD) da kungiyar Pan-African Alliance Climate Justice (PACJA), inda ta kuma rike mukamin shugabar kungiyar. daukar ma'aikata. Ita ma memba ce a Hukumar Kula da Manufofin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya : Abokan Hulɗa da Jama'ar Ƙasa (UNIPP) da kuma na Kwamitin Zartarwa na Kwamitin Gudanarwa na 'yan asalin Afirka (IPACC).
Kyaututtuka da karramawa
A cikin 2017, an gane Ibrahim a matsayin National Geographic Society Emerging Explorer, shirin da ke gane da tallafawa fitattun masana kimiyya, masu kiyayewa, masu ba da labari, da masu ƙirƙira. A shekarar 2017, an kuma nuna ta a matsayin wani bangare na shirin mata 100 na BBC, inda ta karbo mata 100 masu tasiri da karfafa gwiwa a duk shekara. A cikin 2018, an jera ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Mata 100 na BBC. A cikin 2019, ta sami lambar yabo ta Pritzker Emerging Environmental Genius Award daga Pritzker Family Foundation. A shekarar 2019, Mujallar Time ta sanya Ibrahim a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mata 15 da suka fafata a kan sauyin yanayi.
Mauritius rupee
Mauritius rupee ( alamar : Re (maɗaukaki) da Rs (jam'i); ISO code : MUR ; pronounced [ʁupi] ) kudin kasar Mauritius. Rupi ɗaya yana rarraba zuwa cents 100. Ana kuma kiran wasu kudade da yawa rupee.
Hindou Oumarou Ibrahim
Kyaututtuka da karramawa
A cikin 2020, Refugees International ta ba ta lambar yabo ta 2020 Richard C. Holbrooke saboda gudummawar da ta bayar don inganta haƙƙi da sha'awar al'ummomi masu rauni. A cikin 2021, Ibrahim ya zama ɗaya daga cikin wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta Rolex don Kasuwanci a 2021.
Mauritius rupee
Tsabar kuɗi
A cikin 1877, an gabatar da tsabar kudi na 1, 2, 5, 10 da 20, tare da ƙananan ƙungiyoyi uku a cikin tagulla, biyu mafi girma a azurfa. Samar da tsabar kudin ya ƙare a cikin 1899 kuma bai sake farawa ba har zuwa 1911, tare da tsabar azurfa ba a sake samar da su ba har zuwa 1934, lokacin da Re. Re. Re. 1/- an gabatar da tsabar kudi. A cikin 1947, an gabatar da cents 10 na cupro-nickel, tare da cupro-nickel ya maye gurbin azurfa a 1950. A cikin 1971 an gabatar da sabon saitin tsabar kudi da takardun banki ta Royal Mint. Wannan saitin yana da Sarauniya Elizabeth ta II akan faifai da kewayon dalilai na sheda a baya. Christopher Ironside OBE ne ya tsara wasu daga cikin ƙirar baya na wannan saitin wanda ya haɗa da Rs. 10/-, Rs. 200/- da Rs. 250/- (fitar 1988).
Ade Jimoh
Adebola Olurotimi "Ade" Jimoh (an haife shi ne a ranar 18 ga watan Afrilu, 1980), ya kasan ce tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka. Washington Redskins ta sanya masa hannu a matsayin wakili na kyauta wanda ba a cire shi ba a 2003. Ya buga ƙwallon kwaleji a Jami'ar Jihar Utah.
Mauritius rupee
Tsabar kuɗi
A cikin 1987, an gabatar da sabon jerin tsabar kudi wanda, a karon farko, bai nuna hoton sarki ba (Mauritius bai zama jamhuriya ba sai 1992) amma na Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam. Wannan tsabar kudin ta ƙunshi ƙarfe-plated-karfe 1c da 5c (5c ya ragu sosai a girman), nickel-plated-steel 20c da Re. da kuma kofi-nickel Re. 1/- da Rs. 5/- . Cupro-nickel Rs. 10/- an gabatar da su a cikin 1997. Tsabar kudi a halin yanzu suna yawo sune 5c, 20c, Re. , Re. 1/-, Rs. 5/-, Rs. 10/- da Rs. 20/-. Tsabar kudi a kasa Re. 1/- a cikin ƙimar ana ɗaukar su azaman ƙarami-canji. Ba a ganin tsabar kuɗin 1c a cikin yawo shekaru da yawa, kuma jerin ƙarshe na 1 cent tsabar kudi da aka bayar a 1987 ana ganin su ne kawai a matsayin kayan tattarawa.
A shekarar 2007, wani bi-metallic Rs. 20/- an fitar da tsabar kuɗi don tunawa da cika shekaru 40 na Bankin Mauritius, kuma wannan ya zama tsabar kuɗi a gabaɗaya.
Ade Jimoh
Shekarun farko
Jimoh ya girma a Canoga Park kuma ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta El Camino Real inda ya kasance ɗan wasika na shekara biyu kuma zaɓi na rukuni na biyu, kazalika ya zaɓi pre -ason na uku na duk yanki. A cikin babban shekararsa, ƙungiyarsa ta lashe gasar birni.
Mauritius rupee
Takardun kuɗi
Gwamnati ta ba da takardun banki na farko mai kwanan wata 1876 a cikin ƙungiyoyin Rs. 5/-, Rs. 10/- da Rs. 50/-. Re. 1/- An ƙara takardun banki a cikin 1919. A cikin 1940, an yi abubuwan gaggawa na 25c da 50c da Re. 1/-. A 1954, Rs. 25/- da Rs. 1,000/- an gabatar da su.
Ade Jimoh
Aikin kwaleji
Jimoh ya buga wasan ƙwallon kwaleji na Jami'ar Jihar Utah. Ya fara duk wasannin 11 a kusurwar hagu na shekarar sa ta biyu a 2000 kuma ya sami babbar daraja ta biyu All- Big West da kuma fitaccen mai tsaron baya na ƙungiyar. Ya kuma raba jagorar ƙungiyar tare da ragargaza biyu kuma yana da jujjuyawar wucewa ta ƙungiya-12 da ƙwallon da aka toshe. Ya fara wasanni tara a kusurwar kusurwa a 2001 kuma ya yi rijistar takunkumi 39 da tsoma baki. Ya taka leda a duk wasannin 11 na Aggies a 2002 kuma ya yi rikodin shiga tsakani guda uku da yaƙe -yaƙe 53 (solo 34).
Mauritius rupee
Takardun kuɗi
An kafa bankin kasar Mauritius ne a watan Satumban 1967 a matsayin babban bankin kasar kuma shi ne ke da alhakin samar da takardun kudi da tsabar kudi tun lokacin. Bankin ya ba da bayanansa na farko a cikin 1967, wanda ya ƙunshi ƙungiyoyi huɗu: Rs. 5/-, Rs. 10/-, Rs. 25/-, da Rs. 50/-, duk ba su daɗe ba kuma suna nuna hoton Sarauniya Elizabeth ta II akan ƙetare. A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, an yi wa wasu majami'u kwaskwarima da sabbin sa hannun Gwamnan Bankin da Manajan Darakta amma ba a canza su ba. A cikin 1985, Bankin Mauritius ya fitar da sabon saitin takardun banki na Rs. 5/-, Rs. 10/-, Rs. 20/-, Rs. 50/-, Rs. 100/-, Rs. 200/-, Rs. 500/- da Rs. 1,000/-. Binciken kud da kud na waɗannan takardun kuɗi yana nuna ɗimbin ɓangarori masu ban sha'awa waɗanda kamfanoni biyu na bugu na banki (Bradbury Wilkinson da Thomas de La Rue) suka buga. An kuma tsara takardun banki a lokuta daban-daban saboda akwai wasu ƙa'idodi iri ɗaya kuma daidaitattun fasalulluka waɗanda ke bayyana akan duk ƙungiyoyin. Daban-daban tsarin ƙididdige adadin kuɗin banki, nau'ikan zaren tsaro daban-daban, bambancin ƙira da girman Coat of Arms na Mauritius, bugu na latent ultraviolet daban-daban, bambance-bambancen da ba su dace ba a cikin girman haɓaka tsakanin ƙungiyoyin da nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan kaɗan ne kawai daga cikin bambance-bambancen. . Wannan batu ya kasance har zuwa 1998.
Ade Jimoh
Washington Redskins
Jimoh da aka sanya hannu a kan Redskins a watan Afrilu 2003 a matsayin undrafted rookie free wakili. A cikin 2003, Jimoh ya bayyana a duk wasannin 16 tare da Redskins a matsayin kusurwar ajiya amma galibi akan rukunin ɗaukar hoto na ƙungiyoyi na musamman. A cikin 2004, ya bayyana a cikin wasanni 15 a matsayin kusurwar ajiya kuma ya kasance ƙwararren ɗan wasa na ƙungiyoyi na musamman, yana yin rikodin ƙungiyoyi na musamman na 20 a kakar wasa, an ɗaure su don na uku mafi kyau a ƙungiyar. An yanke lokacinsa a ƙarshen shekarar lokacin da ya ji rauni a gwiwa. A cikin 2005, ya taka leda a duk wasannin 16 da wasannin share fage biyu, galibi a matsayin kusurwar ajiya da jagoran ƙungiyoyi na musamman. Ya ƙare tare da fafatawa goma (solo tara) da ƙungiyoyi na musamman 20, mafi kyawun na biyar akan ƙungiyar.
Mauritius rupee
Takardun kuɗi
A cikin 1998, Bankin Mauritius ya yi wani sabon batu na takardun kudi wanda ya ƙunshi ƙungiyoyi 7, wato. Rs 25/-, Rs. 50/-, Rs. 100/-, Rs. 200/-, Rs. 500/-, Rs. 1,000/- da Rs. 2,000/-. Waɗannan takardun kuɗi suna da daidaitaccen tsari kuma an ba su duka a lokaci ɗaya a cikin Nuwamba 1998. Thomas de la Rue Limited ne ya buga duk takardun kuɗin wannan fitowar a Ingila. An cire waɗannan takardun banki na farko daga rarrabawa a cikin watan Yuni 1999 bayan takaddama saboda odar rubutun (Turanci, Sanskrit, Tamil) kamar yadda aka ce al'ummar Tamil sun isa Mauritius kafin al'ummar Indiya ta Arewa masu alaƙa da Hindi.
Ade Jimoh
Chicago Bears
Jimoh ya samu karaya a kashin wuya a ranar 18 ga Nuwamba, 2007 yayin da yake wasa a kungiyoyi na musamman. An sanya shi a cikin raunin da ya ji rauni, yana ƙare kakar sa.
Sabuwar Patriots na Ingila
A ranar 13 ga watan Agusta, 2008 Jimoh ya rattaba hannu a hannun New England Patriots. An ba shi lamba ta 43 a New England. An sake shi a ranar 21 ga watan Agusta bayan da kungiyar ta sanya hannu kan dan wasan gaba Mike Flynn.
Mauritius rupee
Takardun kuɗi
Bankin na Mauritius ya yi sabon fitowar sa na takardun kudi, wanda har yanzu yana nan, bayan Yuni 1999.
Zane-zane mai ban mamaki
Kowace ƙungiya tana ɗauke da hoton wani fitaccen ɗan ƙasar Mauritius da aka zana hannu, wanda ya bayyana a hagu. Babban bayanin kula ya ce " Bankin Mauritius ". Hoton yana tsakiyar hagu na bayanin kula kuma a ƙasan hoton akwai sunan mutumin da ke cikin hoton da shekarar haihuwarsu zuwa shekara ta mutuwa. A kasa-hagu akwai rigar makamai na Mauritius. Akwai kuma zanen ginin Bankin Mauritius da kuma hoton mutum-mutumin adalci a bayan kowace darika a tsakiyar littafin. Darajar bayanin kula yana cikin kusurwar sama-dama tare da alamar "Rs" a gaban ƙimar. Ƙarƙashin ƙima a kusurwar sama-dama akwai fasalin don taimakon nakasassu. Wannan ƙari ne ga bambance-bambancen masu girma dabam tsakanin takardun banki na ƙungiyoyi daban-daban. Gefen hagu na bayanin kula yana faɗi ƙimar lambobi na bayanin kula, tare da alamar "Rs" zuwa hagu na ƙimar, an rubuta ta gefen hagu zuwa sama. A saman ƙimar lambobi a gefen hagu shine lambar serial na bayanin kula. Serial number kuma tana kan tsakiyar dama na bayanin kula. A saman tsakiya na bayanin akwai jihohi "Wannan bayanin kula Ne Legal Tender For", sannan ta bayyana ƙimar bayanin da aka rubuta a cikin Turanci (misali: "Dari ɗaya"), kuma a ƙasan ta an rubuta "Rupees". A ƙasa cewa yana faɗi ƙimar bayanin kula a Tamil, kuma ƙasa da haka yana faɗi ƙimar bayanin kula a cikin Bhojpuri - Hindi. A ƙasa akwai sa hannun Gwamnan Bankin Mauritius kuma a gefensa akwai sa hannun Manajan Darakta, ko kuma yana iya samun sa hannun Mataimakin Gwamna na ɗaya, sannan Gwamna, sai Mataimakin Gwamna na biyu. A ƙasa wancan shine shekarar da aka buga takardar.￼
Sake tsarawa
A saman hagu na bayanin kula a baya ya ce "Bankin Mauritius". Yankin hagu na bayanin kula ya ce darajar lambobi na bayanan, tare da alamar "Rs" a gefen hagu, an rubuta shi a gefe hagu. A saman dama na bayanin kula yana da darajar lambobi na bayanan tare da alamar "Rs" a hagu na darajojin. Kowace ƙungiya tana ɗauke da hoto daban-daban, wanda ke nuna fannoni daban na Mauritius. Ana iya samun darajar rubutun Devanagari na bayanin kula a gefen hagu na ƙasan vignette, tare da raguwar Devangari ta rupee, " Sino" ("ru") a gaban darajojin. Ana iya samun darajar lambobi na Tamil da Gujarati na bayanin kula a gefen dama na kasan vignette. Darajar Tamil tana sama da darajar Gujarati.
Siffofin don tabbatar da sahihanci
'''Rs 100/-, Rs. 200/-, Rs. 500/-, Rs. 1,000/-, Rs. 2,000/- takardun banki'''
Iridescent band a cikin zinariya: lokacin da aka riƙe a ƙarƙashin haske, wannan rukunin yana hangowa kuma yana ɓacewa lokacin da aka canza kusurwar kallo.
'''Rs 100/-, Rs. 200/- takardun kudi'''
Azurfa ƙarfe tawada: Ƙarfa mara nauyi ta azurfa tana gudana daga sama zuwa ƙasa a gaba, hagu na bayanin kula. Har ila yau, tsiri mai ƙarfe a ƙarƙashin adadin ƙimar ƙimar dama na sama.
Mohd Khalid Mohd Yunus
Mohd Khalid bin Mohd Yunus (an haife shi a ranar 26 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 1943) ɗan siyasan Malaysia ne. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Minista a sassan daban-daban da kuma majalisun daban-daban. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin memba na majalisar da ke wakiltar Jempol daga 1986 zuwa 2004. Ya kasance memba na United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), wani bangare na jam'iyyar Barisan Nasional (BN). A halin yanzu memba ne na Parti Bumiputera Perkasa Malaysia (PUTRA).
Reine Alapini-Gansou
Reine Adélaïde Sophie Alapini-Gansou (an haife ta 11 ga Agusta 1956) ƙwararren masanin shari'a ne 'yar ƙasar Benin wanda ta kasance alkali na Kotun Hukunta Manyan Laifuka ta Duniya tun Maris 2018.
Mauritius rupee
Siffofin don tabbatar da sahihanci
Foil na Azurfa: hotuna daban-daban guda biyu, adadi mai ƙima ko siffar geometric, ana iya gani idan an duba su ta kusurwoyi daban-daban.
Mohd Khalid Mohd Yunus
Ayyukan siyasa
Mohd Khalid Mohd Yunus da farko ya kasance memba na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Negeri Sembilan wanda ke wakiltar Jempol. Bayan an soke kujerar mazabar jihar Jempol, an samu nasarar tsayawa takarar dan majalisa na Jempol a babban zaben 1986 kuma an nada Khalid a matsayin Mataimakin Ministan Land da Regional Development a majalisar ministoci ta uku ta Mahathir Mohamad. Khalid ya samu nasarar tsayawa takarar dan majalisa na Jempol a 1990, 1995, 1999 bi da bi, ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Ministan Kasa da Ci gaban hadin gwiwa daga 1990 zuwa 1995, Mataimakin Ministar Ilimi daga 1995 zuwa 1999, Mataimakin Minister of Information daga 1999 zuwa 2002 da Mataimakin Ma'aikatar Ci gaban 'Yan Kasuwanci daga 2002 zuwa 2003 biyo bayan sake fasalin majalisar ministoci.
Reine Alapini-Gansou
Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Alapini-Gansou a birnin Abidjan na kasar Ivory Coast a ranar 11 ga Agusta, 1956. Tana da digiri a fannin shari'a na gama gari daga Jami'ar Lyon ta Faransa sannan ta yi digiri na biyu a fannin Shari'a da Ayyukan Shari'a daga Jami'ar Kasa ta Benin. Har ila yau, tana da digiri na haɗin gwiwa daga Jami'o'in Maastricht, Lomé da Bhutan.
Mauritius rupee
Siffofin don tabbatar da sahihanci
Rs 2,000/- takardar kudi
Mohd Khalid Mohd Yunus
Ayyukan siyasa
A cikin 2018, Khalid ya shiga Parti Bumiputera Perkasa Malaysia (PUTRA) ta hanyar barin UMNO. A cikin babban zaben 2022 ba tare da nasara ba ya tsaya takarar dan majalisa na Jempol.
Reine Alapini-Gansou
Aiki
An shigar da Alapini-Gansou a Bar na Benin a 1986. Ta yi aiki da Avocats Sans Frontières Belgium kan aikin "Adalci ga kowa a Ruwanda" a cikin 2001. Ta koyar da Babban Laifin Laifuka da Tsarin Laifuka a Jami'ar Abomey-Calavi tun daga 2001 kuma ta rubuta wasu takaddun bincike a cikin yancin ɗan adam da doka. Ta kasance memba a kungiyar lauyoyin mata ta Benin kuma ta kaddamar da wasu dokoki da ke kare mata a Benin.
Mohd Khalid Mohd Yunus
Tafiyar Dutsen Everest
Bai yi nasara a hawa zuwa saman Dutsen Everest ba, amma ya kai mita 7,200. Likitan ya shawarce shi da ya daina a wannan lokacin saboda dalilai na kiwon lafiya.
Mauritius rupee
Siffofin don tabbatar da sahihanci
Hologram mai ɗauke da hotunan dodo da ƙimar "2000"
Reine Alapini-Gansou
Aiki
Alapini-Gansou ta kasance memba na Hukumar Haƙƙin Bil Adama da Jama'a ta Afirka na tsawon shekaru goma sha biyu, ciki har da aiki a matsayin mai ba da rahoto na musamman daga 2005-2009 da 2012-2017, da shugaban hukumar daga 2009 har zuwa 2012. Ta horar da lauyoyi masu magana da Faransanci game da shari'ar da ake yi a gaban Kotun Hukunta Manyan Laifuka ta Duniya daga 2012. Ta fara gabatar da batun take hakkin dan Adam da aka aikata a Libya a shekara ta 2010 zuwa kotun kare hakkin bil'adama ta Afirka. A matsayinta na mai ba da rahoto na musamman kan masu kare hakkin bil'adama a Afirka, ta gudanar da bincike kan masu kare hakkin mata a Afirka da kuma 'yancin yin tarayya a Afirka. A watan Satumban 2016, Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya nada ta a matsayin mamba a kwamitin bincike kan take hakkin dan Adam a Burundi.
Mauritius rupee
Siffofin don tabbatar da sahihanci
'''Rs 200/-, Rs. 500/-, Rs. 1,000/- takardun banki'''
Hologram mai ɗauke da hotunan dodo da ɗarika akan Rs. 200/- takardar kuɗi, barewa da maƙasudin akan Rs. 500/- bayanin banki da Hasumiyar Bankin Mauritius da maƙasudin akan Rs. 1,000/- takardar kudi.
'''Rs 25/-, Rs. 50/-, Rs. 500/- takardun kudi'''
Siffofin tsaro da aka sabunta da canjin kayan daga takarda zuwa polymer.
Rs 2,000/- bayanin kula Fasalolin tsaro da aka sabunta da canjin abu daga takarda zuwa polymer.
Akinola Aguda
Akinola Aguda (1923 – 5 ga watan Satumba 2001) malamin shari’a ne na Bayerabe dan Najeriya kuma tsohon babban alkalin kasar Botswana. Kafin ya zama Alkalin Alkalai, ya kasance lauya kuma alkalin babbar kotu a yankin yammacin Najeriya. Shi ne dan asalin Afirka na farko da ya jagoranci mukamin alkalin alkalai a Botswana.
A tsawon aikinsa na shari’a, an san shi a matsayin masanin shari’a kuma lauya, wanda ya rungumi tsattsauran ra’ayi musamman a lokacin mulkin soja na Najeriya. Ana kyautata zaton hakan ne ya sa aka cire shi a matsayin mamba a kotun kolin Najeriya.
Kuruciya da ilimi
An haifi mai shari’a Aguda a birnin Akure, Najeriya, ga iyalin Elijah Aguda da Deborah Fasu, fitattun ma’auratan Anglican a Akure. Ya yi karatun firamare a St David's Akure, inda ya yi karatun firamare, sannan ya tafi Kwalejin Gwamnati da ke Ibadan, inda ya yi karatun sakandare. Tun asali, ya so ya zama likita ko injiniya amma hankalinsa bai shiga cikin ilmin sunadarai ba, wani muhimmin batu da ya zama dole don wucewa makarantar likitanci. Ya bar karatun likitanci bayan shekara ta farko kuma ya yi kokarin koyarwa amma bisa shawarar Obafemi Awolowo ya canza shawara ya yanke shawarar shiga makarantar koyon aikin lauya. Ya karanta Law a Jami'ar London, kuma an kira shi zuwa mashaya a 1952.
Aiki
Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya shiga aikin sirri a zauren fitattun lauyoyin Najeriya, Ayo Rosiji. amma daga baya ya koma sashin shari’a na yankin yammacin Najeriya, kuma ya zama lauyan dalibai. Ba da da ewa ba, an nada shi mai ba da shawara a cikin 1955 kuma a cikin 1968, ya zama lauyan riko na yankin Yamma. A ranar 3 ga Fabrairun 1972 an nada shi babban alkalin Afirka na farko na Botswana, a lokaci guda kuma ya kasance alkali na Kotun daukaka kara na Swaziland, Botswana da Lesotho. Bayan ya bar kotun koli a shekarar 1975 ya dawo Najeriya ya ci gaba da aikinsa na shari’a a matsayin babban alkalin jihar Ondo. A 1976, ya kasance jigo a kwamitin da ya ba da shawarar Abuja a matsayin babban birnin Najeriya. Ya yi ritaya daga aikin gwamnati a 1978 kuma ya zama darakta na sabuwar Cibiyar Nazarin Shari'a ta Najeriya da aka kirkira a Jami'ar Legas. A matsayin darekta na Cibiyar Nazarin Shari'a ta Najeriya, Aguda ya dauki sabon matsayi, a matsayin mai sukar cin hanci da rashawa da shugabanci a Najeriya da Afirka. A gun Aguda, rashin sanin cikakken ilimin ƙa'idodin shari'a da abubuwan da aka tsara na namiji ko mace na ɗan Afirka na haifar da cin zarafi na mahimmancin haƙƙin ɗan adam daga gwamnati. Halin da talauci zai iya haifar da shi, wanda ke ba da dama ga mutane da yawa suyi rubewa a gidan yari ba tare da bin ka'ida ba ko ma sanarwa na shari'a saboda ba su da kuɗin da za su sami ƙwararren lauya ko haɗin gwiwa don haifar da canje-canje ga halin da suke ciki. Kare hakkin wadanda ake tuhuma wani lamari ne mai muhimmanci da ya shahara a zamaninsa na alkali. A cikin 1968, game da Agbaje da Gwamnatin Yammacin Najeriya, ya rubuta sharhi wanda har yanzu ya dace a tsarin shari'ar Najeriya a yau. In a democracy like ours, even in spite of the national emergency in which we have been for the past three years, I hold the view that it is, to say the least, high-handed for the police to hold a citizen of this country in custody in various places for over ten days without showing him the authority under which he is being held or at least informing him verbally of such authority. Ya kuma nemi a kawar da shingayen tattalin arziki a cikin tsarin shari'ar laifuka, tare da gaggauta yin shari'a tare da sanya shugabanni masu iko a karkashin doka ba a sama da ita ba.
Rayuwa
Ya auri matarsa ta farko a shekarar 1952 kuma ya ɗauki wata matar bayan shekaru biyu.
Jigawa Golden Stars F.C.
Cif Luqman Oyebisi Ilaka (an haife shi a ranar 21 ga watan Disamba shekarar 1961) ɗan siyasan Nijeriya ne, ɗan kasuwa, mai ba da shawara a kan harkokin shari'a da haraji da kuma son jama'a. Yana aiki a Gwamna Seyi Makinde Majalisar zartarwa a matsayin Shugaban Ma’aikatan Jihar Oyo. Shi dan jam'iyyar PDP ne.
Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Luqman Oyebisi Ilaka an haife shi ga dangin Marigayi Chief Lasisi Oyedokun Ilaka da Cif Mrs Ilaka na gidan Ilaka, Apinni, Garin Oyo, Jihar Oyo. Ya halarci makarantar Grange, Ikeja, Legas don karatun firamare da Kwalejin Gwamnati, Ibadan (1973–1977) don makarantar sakandare. Ya yi jarabawar kammala karatunsa a Kwalejin Ansar-Ud-deen, Ikeja, Legas a shekarar 1978.
Cif Oyebisi Ilaka ya samu shiga Jami’ar Obafemi Awolowo da ke Ile-Ife a shekarar 1978. Daga baya ya shiga Jami'ar London kuma ya sami Digiri na Digiri na Dokoki tare da Daraja LLB (Hons). Ya kuma halarci Kwalejin Shari'a, Lancaster Gate, London a shekarar 1990. A cikin shekarar 1993, ya ci jarrabawar Cibiyar Nazarin Haraji ta Ingila da Wales kuma ya zama memba na Mataimakin. Aboki ne na Charterd Institute of Inshora, ya kuma cancanci zama Mai ba da Shawar Bingin Gida a wannan makarantar
Harkar siyasa
Cif Oyebisi Ilaka shiga Sanata Rashidi Ladoja a kafuwar bisa (Nigeria) Party kawai watanni uku kafin zaben shekara ta 2011 da kuma ya tsaya takara kamar yadda Sanata su wakilci Oyo Tsakiya sanata District inda ya fito na farko mai gudu up, an zaben wanda aka lashe ta dan takarar da ya barke a yanzu a Majalisar Dokokin Najeriya (ACN), Sanata Ayoade Ademola Adeseun.
Ilaka ya sake tsayawa takara a zaben shekarar 2015 na dan majalisar dattijai mai wakiltar Oyo ta Tsakiya a karkashin jam'iyyar Accord (Nigeria) da kuri'u 84,675 amma ya kayar da Sanata Monsurat Sunmonu na All Progressive Congress (APC) wanda ya samu nasara da kuri'u 105,378.
Cif Luqman Ilaka ya kasance dan takarar sanata na jam’iyyar Peoples Democratic Party, PDP a zaben majalisar kasa na shekarar 2019 wanda Sanata Teslim Folarin na jam’iyyar APC ya lashe. Sanata Teslim ya samu kuri’u 91,080 inda ya kayar da Cif Oyebisi Ilaka wanda ya samu kuri’u 83,600.
A cikin shekarar 2019, Babban Gwamnan Jihar Oyo, Injiniya Seyi Makinde ya yi nadin sa na farko a ofis ta hanyar nada Cif Oyebisi Ilaka a matsayin Shugaban Ma’aikatan sa. Nadinsa a matsayin Shugaban Ma’aikata na Gwamnan Jihar Oyo shi ne aikin zartarwa na farko na Gwamna Seyi Makinde.
Cif Oyebisi memba ne a Majalisar Zartarwa ta Jihar Oyo.
Ya kasance memban Hukumar Daraktoci na Kamfanin Inshorar Inshorar Najeriya (NDIC) daga shekarar 2009 zuwa shekara ta 2015.
Kwarewar sana'a
Tsakanin 1994 da 1997, ya yi aiki don Guardian Royal Exchange Assurance, wani babban kamfanin inshora na Burtaniya inda ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan Haraji / Kudi game da tabbacin rai, saka hannun jari, harajin gado da shari'oin jingina.
Qom
Qom ko Kom (da Farsi: قم‬‎) birni ne, da ke a yankin Qom, a ƙasar Iran. Bisa ga ƙidayar jama'a a shekarar 2016, Qom tana da yawan jama'a 1,201,158. An gina birnin Qom kafin karni na biyu kafin haihuwar Annabi Issa.
James Mworia
James Mworia Mwirigi lauyan Kenya ne, akawu, kuma babban jami'in kasuwanci. Shi ne manajan darakta kuma babban jami'in zartarwa na Kamfanin Zuba Jari na Centum, babban kamfani mai zaman kansa a Gabashin Afirka. Ya yi wannan aiki tun a shekarar 2008. An ambaci Mworia a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Manyan mutane 100 mafi tasiri a Afirka ta mujallar New African a shekara ta 2017.
Tarihi da ilimi
An haifi Mworia a shekara ta 1978. Ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Alliance, Jami'ar Strathmore, da Jami'ar Nairobi. Yana da Bachelor of Laws daga Jami'ar Nairobi. Shi ma ƙwararren akawun gwamnati ne kuma ƙwararren manazarcin kuɗi. A shekarar 2016, Jami'ar Machakos ta ba shi digiri na girmamawa.
Tarihin aiki
A shekara ta 2001, Mworia ya fara aiki a matsayin magatakarda na shigar da kara a Kamfanin Zuba Jari na Centum. Duk da cewa yana da digiri na shari'a da wasu takardun shaida na kudi da lissafi da kuma takaddun shaida, ya karɓi wannan matsayi na shiga. Sannu a hankali ya kai matsayi, kuma a shekarar 2005 aka nada shi babban jami’in saka hannun jari a Centum Investments. Ya yi aiki a wannan matsayi har zuwa watan Disamba 2006, lokacin da ya shiga TransCentury Investments a matsayin shugaban zuba jari.
A shekara ta 2008, yana da shekaru 30, an nada shi babban jami'in gudanarwa (Shugaba) kuma darakta mai gudanarwa a Centum. A cikin shekaru shida na farko na Shugaban, Centum ya haɓaka tushen kadarorinsa daga KES: biliyan 6 (dalar Amurka miliyan 69) zuwa kusan KES: biliyan 30 (US $ 350 miliyan).
Sauran ɗawainiyoyi
Yana aiki a matsayin shugaban kwamitin gudanarwa a bankin Sidian. Har ila yau yana aiki a matsayin memba na hukumar a Nairobi Stock Exchange (NSE), mai tasiri a cikin watan Yuni 2015. A watan Yunin 2018, ana sa ran zai bar hukumar NSE, bayan ya cika wa’adinsa na shekaru uku, kuma ya ki bayar da kansa don sake tsayawa takara.
A cikin watan Satumba na shekarar 2016, an nada shi a matsayin mai zartarwa mafi girman albashi a tsakanin manyan kamfanoni biyar a Kenya, tare da kunshin diyya na shekara-shekara wanda aka kimanta a KES: 201.1 miliyan (kimanin. Dalar Amurka miliyan biyu) kowace shekara.
A cikin watan Oktoba 2016, an nada shi Shugaban Jami'ar Machakos, jami'ar jama'a a gundumar Machakos, Kenya.
Rayuwa ta sirri
A cewar wani rahoto da aka buga a shekarar 2011, James Mworia ya yi aure.
Gurbacewar Muhalli
Gurbacewar Muhalli, wani yanayi ne dakan afku dalilin rashin kula ko rashin tsaftace muhallin da al`ummah suke rayuwa akai. Datti ko bolar da ake kin kula gami da gyara ta da kuma gurbataccen ruwan kwata, hayakin injina da sauransu kan haifar da Gurbacewar Muhallin mu kamar irinsu; ƙasa, ruwa, iska, da haske. Wannan yana canza yanayin jiki, sinadarai da halittu na muhallin dake wuraren da ya gurbace sanadiyar sakacin mutane. wanda hakan zai yi illa ga lafiyar ɗan adam da sauran halittu.
Gurbacewar Muhalli shine gabatar da abubuwan gurɓatawa a cikin mahalli wanda ke haifar da mummunan canji. Gurbatar yanayi na iya ɗaukar nau'ikan abubuwa masu guba ko kuzari, kamar su amo, zafi, ko haske. Gurɓatattun abubuwa, abubuwan haɗin gurɓataccen yanayi, na iya kasancewa ko dai baƙin abubuwa kuzari ko kuma gurɓatattun abubuwa masu gurɓatawa. Gurbataccen yanayi galibi ana sanya shi a matsayin tushen tushe ko gurɓataccen tushe mara tushe. A shekarar 2015, gurba tar yanayi ya kashe mutane miliyan 9 a duniya.
Dalilan Gurbacewar Muhalli
Tasirin iska mai datti da zafin hasken ultraviolet zai sa nau'ikan halittu da yawa ba za su iya daidaitawa ba lokacin da mazauninsu ya canza ba zato ba tsammani, yana sa su raunana kuma a hankali su ɓace. Bugu da kari, gurbacewar muhalli kuma yana haifar da gobarar dazuzzuka da yawa, zabtarewar kasa, da ruwan karkashin kasa a cikin kogo...Wannan yana matukar shafar yanayin halittu, yana canza kaddarorinsa, na kasa, yana canza yanayin halittu sosai. Gurbacewar kasa na da illa ga tsirrai da dabbobi, da kuma lafiyar dan Adam, musamman guba, da suka hada da guba mai tsanani da guba da kuma sauran cututtuka da suka hada da cutar kansa.
Yana haifar da tasirin greenhouse
Babban ci gaban ayyukan ɗan adam a cikin rayuwar yau da kullun, kasuwanci, samarwa da amfani zai ƙara haɓakar CO2 kuma yanayin zafin iska zai kasance mafi girma. Wannan yana sa duniya ta yi zafi, ƙara yawan zafin jiki, hawan teku, kutsawar ruwan gishiri yana faruwa akai-akai. Sauyin yanayi yana sa bala'o'i kamar ambaliya da fari suna faruwa sau da yawa, ambaliya tana haifar da zabtarewar ƙasa a yankunan bakin teku, koguna da koguna, da fari ya sa maɓuɓɓugar ruwa bushe ∆da bushewa.
Tasiri kan mutane
Ana kuma fuskantar barazana sosai ga lafiyar ɗan adam lokacin da cututtuka suka yawaita. Rana mai zafi da ruwan sama mai yawa sune yanayi masu kyau don ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta suyi girma.
Kwari da cututtuka suna ƙara wuyar magani
Ana iya raba kwari da cututtuka na tsire-tsire na ƙasa zuwa rukuni kamar fungi, ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, da nematodes waɗanda suke da wuyar magance su saboda sauyin yanayi da yanayin rayuwa. Wannan yana sa mu ƙara amfani da magungunan kashe qwari, wanda hakan ya sa yanayin gurɓacewar muhalli ya yi muni.
Fitowar ƙarin cututtuka
Ana samun ƙarin cututtuka, yana da wuya a sami cikakkiyar magani kamar mura A H5N1, mura A H1N1, SAR CoV 1, SAR CoV 2. Wannan kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin sakamakon sakamakon gurɓacewar muhalli, yana barazana ga rayuwar nau'ikan dabbobi da yawa,, har da mutane.
Gurbacewar iska
Gurbacewar iska wani sauyi ne a yanayin iskar da aka fi samu sakamakon hayaki da kura daga wuraren samar da masana'antu kamar babura, motoci, janareta, tanderu, na'urorin wutar lantarki da dai sauransu, tare da kura da ke fitowa daga tsoffin motocin fasahar zamani. Wannan yana haifar da gurɓataccen iska da hayaki, ƙura kuma yana haifar da wari mara kyau, yana rage gani, yana haifar da sauyin yanayi. Fiye da kashi 90 cikin 4 na al'ummar duniya suna rayuwa ne a wuraren da ingancin iska ya fi muni fiye da shawarar da WHO ta bayar, wanda ke haifar da mutuwar sama da miliyan XNUMX daga gurɓacewar iska a kowace shekara.
Gurbacewar ruwa
Gurbacewar ruwa ita ce tushen ruwa a tafkuna, tafkuna, koguna, koguna, magudanar ruwa, magudanar ruwa, ruwan karkashin kasa, teku.... ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu guba a cikin adadi mai yawa waɗanda ke da haɗari ga lafiyar ɗan adam da dabbobi. Dalilin gurbatar ruwa shine saboda wuraren samar da masana'antu, mutane ... saboda yawan riba mai yawa da kuma tsadar kayan aikin muhalli, sun fitar da adadi mai yawa na sharar da ba a kula da su ba a cikin tafkunan. Har ila yau, ayyukan kamun kifi ta hanyar amfani da ababen fashewa da sinadarai masu guba don yin cikakken amfani da albarkatun ruwa sun canza yanayin muhalli, suna haifar da mummunar gurɓacewar muhalli.
Gurbacewar hayaniya
Lalacewa wani nau'in gurɓatacce ne da ke tasowa daga ayyukan ɗan adam, yana ƙara haɗarin mutuwa na namun daji da mummunan tasiri ga ɗabi'un ɗan adam, tunani da lafiya. Wasu nau'ikan gurɓataccen amo na gama gari:
Gurbacewar filastik
A cewar wani rahoto na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, duniya na samar da isassun robobi a kowace shekara domin zagayawa duniya sau hudu da kusan buhunan robobi biliyan 500 da ake sha a duniya. A halin yanzu, yawancin sharar robobi ba a binne su a wuraren da ake zubar da shara, wanda ke haifar da gurbatar fata. Ana sa ran nan da shekara ta 2050, za a sake fitar da karin tan biliyan 33 na robobi a cikin tekunan kuma za su dade na tsawon shekaru aru-aru.
Haske gurbataccen tuƙi
Lalacewar haske shine kasancewar hasken wucin gadi a cikin duhun yanayi wanda ke da ban haushi saboda rashin dacewa ko amfani da mutane da yawa. A cewar BBC (Birtaniya), a lokacin Daga 2012 zuwa 2016, ƙarfin hasken waje na duniya ya karu da kashi 2% kowace shekara. Masana kimiyya sun ce "dare" a kasashe da yawa yana da mummunan sakamako ga kowa: tsire-tsire, dabbobi da mutane. Nau'in gurɓataccen haske kamar: Haskakawa, tsananin haske yana haifar da rashin jin daɗi na gani Hasken haske ya shiga ba da niyya ba, ba dole ba Ƙungiyoyin haske masu haske ba su da taimako.
Gurbacewar rediyo
Makaman nukiliya da kayayyakin fission, sharar da makaman nukiliya a cikin yanayi ko makaman nukiliya za su saki abubuwa masu yawa na rediyo a cikin iska, ƙasa, mutane, shuke-shuke da dabbobi. Lokacin da mutane ke rayuwa a cikin gurɓataccen yanayi na rediyoaktif, haskoki na rediyo suna shiga jikin mutum daga waje ko kuma suna shiga cikin mutane ta hanyar narkewar abinci, hanyoyin numfashi, suna shafar jini, kasusuwa da gabobin jikin mutum.
Halin gurbatar muhalli a Vietnam
Halin gurbatar yanayi na yanayi Bisa kididdigar da aka yi kafin 1945, gandun daji ya kai kashi 43,8%, yanzu ya wuce kashi 28% (watau kasa da matakin ban tsoro na 30%). Ana lalata filin noma zuwa kusan hekta miliyan 13,4. A cewar ma'aikatar albarkatun kasa da muhalli, a halin yanzu kashi 95% na ayyukan samar da kayayyaki a kasar na gurbata muhalli, fiye da kashi 50% na haifar da gurbatar yanayi. Domin waɗannan ƙananan masana'antu ne da wuraren samar da kayayyaki, fasahar gabaɗaya ta tsufa kuma ba ta saka hannun jari yadda ya kamata ba wajen magance gurɓacewar muhalli da sharar gida. Ban da haka, matsalar hakar ma'adinai, kayan gini, zinare da duwatsu masu daraja... da kuma amfani da ma'adinai a fagage da dama suna kawo cikas ga daidaiton muhallin halittu.
Halin da ake ciki na gurbatar ƙasa
A cewar rahoton na Babban Ma'aikatar Muhalli (Ma'aikatar Albarkatun Kasa da Muhalli), ingancin yanayin ƙasa a cikin biranen Vietnam a halin yanzu yana kula da gurɓatacce saboda tasirin sharar gida daga ayyukan masana'antu da gine-gine. gini, rayuwa, sharar gida. Yawancin yankunan birane sun taso, suna daidai kan ƙasashen da ke ɗauke da ragowar sinadarai masu guba, alamun sun ninka sau da yawa fiye da matakin da aka yarda.
Misali, a kusa da wurin da ake binne sharar gida a gundumar Trang Dai (Bien Hoa), abubuwan arsenic a cikin ƙasa sun zarce ma'auni daga sau 1,05 zuwa 4,12. Copper (cu) abun ciki ya wuce sau 1,5, chromium da nitrogen a cikin ƙasa yana da girma daga 135 -375mg/kg.
Matsalar gurbatar muhalli a Najeriya
Gidauniyar kula da muhalli ta Jamus a Najeriya, HBS, ta ce ƙasashe da dama a nahiyar Afirka sun yi wa Najeriyar fintinkau wajen rungumar makamashi maras gurbata Muhalli. Wasu dai na ganin cewa akwai bukatar Najeriya ta gaggauta shawo kan matsalolin gurbatar muhalli, ta hanyar amfani makamashin da ba ya gurbata muhallin. Sai dai kuma a cewar wasu masana harkar makamashi a Najeriyar, hanya daya ce tilo za ta fidda ƙasar daga wannan yanayi. A cewar Farfesa Abubakar Sani Sambo, tsohon darekta janar na hukumar makamashi ta Najeriya, yin doka ne kawai zai sanya 'yan Najeriya su yi rungumi makamashin da ba ya gurbata muhallin.
Kamfanin hakar danyan mai na Shell da ke aikinsa a Najeriya ya ce zai biya diyyar Fam na Ingila miliyan 55 ga al'ummomin kauyen Bodo da ke yankin Nija Delta a Tarayyar Najeriya bisa gurbata musu muhalli. Bayan takaddamar da kamfanin ya dade yanayi na kin biyan kudaden a karshe ya amince, abunda al'ummar yankin suka ce sun yi murna da hakan matuka. Kungiyar kare hakkin dan Adam ta duniya dai ta taka rawa matika kan bin kadin hakkokin wadannan al'ummomi. Wannan matsayi dai da aka kai na yaddar da kamfanin na Shell yayi na aikata laifin barin danyen man ya malala ya kuma gurbata muhallin al'ummomin na Bodo a Shiyyar Ogoni da ke yankin Nija Delta, tare kuma da amincewar biyansu diyya nasara ce babba da ba a tsammaci samunta ba nan kusa. Kimanin shekaru Shida ke nan da al'ummar ta Bodo suka shigar da kara a gaban wata kotu a London suna masu cewar malalar danyan man ta kassara muhallinsu tare da dukkanin hanyoyin rayuwarsu, wadda kuma sulhun da kotun ta London ta yi, ya kai ga matsayin da ake a yanzu na biyan diyyar ga al'ummar ta Bodo.