cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Mary Honeyball
Tarihin Rayuwa
Lokacin da take yin tsokaci game da Dokar ing on the a watan Mayu 2008, Honeyball ta tambayi ko ya kamata a bar ministocin su ci gaba da zama a kan karagar gwamnati idan sun yanke shawarar adawa da dokar zubar da ciki. A cikin wannan labarin, Honeyball ta kuma ce Katolika sun yi amfani da "matsakaici-kamar riko" kan tsarin dokoki a manyan sassan nahiyar Turai, tare da toshe mata a Ireland da 'yancin zubar da ciki na Portugal. A watan 20 Yuni 2018, Honeyball ya zaɓe don cece-kuce da ke cikin Dokar Haƙƙin mallaka ta Turai wanda zai buƙaci kamfanonin intanet su yi 'mafi kyawun ƙoƙarin' don hana mutane loda kayan haƙƙin mallaka, gami da waɗanda ke cikin memes na intanet.
Meta Kamara
Meta Camara (an haife ta a ranar 14 ga watan Agusta 1997) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Senegal wanda ke buga wasan tsakiya a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Faransa Bourges Foot 18 da kuma ƙungiyar mata ta Senegal.
Ayyukan kasa da kasa
Meta Camara ta buga wa Senegal wasa a matakin manyan kasashe a lokacin gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin nahiyar Afirka ta mata na shekarar 2016.
Harkar Zamantakewa
Harkar zamantakewa wani ƙoƙari ne marar tsari daga babban rukuni na mutane don cimma wata manufa ta musamman ta zamantakewa ko siyasa. Wannan na iya zama don aiwatar da sauyi na zamantakewa, ko don tsayayya ko soke ɗaya. Wani nau'in aikin rukuni ne kuma yana iya haɗawa da daidaikun mutane, ƙungiyoyi ko duka biyun. An bayyana ƙungiyoyin jama'a a matsayin "tsari da dabaru na ƙungiyoyi waɗanda za su iya ƙarfafa al'ummomin da ake zalunta don haɓaka ƙalubale masu inganci da kuma yin tsayayya da masu ƙarfi da masu fa'ida". Suna wakiltar hanyar sauyin zamantakewa daga ƙasa a cikin ƙasashe.
Kimiyyar siyasa da ilimin zamantakewa sun haɓaka ra'ayoyi iri-iri da bincike mai zurfi akan ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa. Misali, wasu bincike kuma a kimiyyar siyasa sun nuna alakar da ke tsakanin jama'a da kafa sabbin jam'iyyun siyasa da kuma tattauna ayyukan ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa dangane da tsara ajanda da tasiri a kan siyasa. Masana ilimin zamantakewa sun bambanta tsakanin nau'ikan motsi na zamantakewa da yawa suna nazarin abubuwa kamar iyaka, nau'in canji, hanyar aiki, kewayo, da tsarin lokaci.
Wasu masanan sun yi iƙirarin cewa ƙungiyoyin zamantakewar Yammacin Turai na zamani ya zama mai yiwuwa ta hanyar ilimi (yawan yada wallafe-wallafen) da kuma yawan motsin aiki saboda ci gaban masana'antu da birane na al'ummomin ƙarni na 19. Wani lokaci ana jayayya cewa 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki, ilimi da 'yancin ɗan adam na tattalin arziƙin da ke yaɗuwa a cikin al'adun Yammacin zamani suna da alhakin adadin da ba a taɓa ganin irinsa ba na ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa daban-daban na wannan zamani. Yawancin ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa na shekaru ɗari na ƙarshe sun girma, kamar Mau Mau a Kenya, don adawa da mulkin mallaka na Yamma. Ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa sun kasance kuma suna ci gaba da kasancewa tare da tsarin siyasa na dimokuradiyya. Lokaci-lokaci, ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa suna shiga cikin tsarin dimokuradiyya, amma galibi suna samun bunƙasa bayan an sami dimokuradiyya. A cikin shekaru 200 da suka gabata, sun zama wani ɓangare na shahararriyar furuci da rashin yarda a duniya. Ƙungiyoyin zamani sukan yi amfani da fasaha da intanet don tara mutane a duniya. Daidaita yanayin sadarwa jigo ne na gama gari tsakanin ƙungiyoyi masu nasara. Bincike ya fara gano yadda ƙungiyoyin bayar da shawarwari ke da alaƙa da ƙungiyoyin jama'a a cikin Amurka da Kanada suna amfani da kafofin watsa labarun don sauƙaƙe haɗin gwiwar jama'a da ayyukan gama kai.
Ma'anoni
Mario Diani yayi jayayya cewa kusan dukkanin ma'anoni suna raba ma'auni guda uku: "Cibiyar sadarwa ta mu'amala ta yau da kullun tsakanin yawancin mutane, rukuni da/ko kungiyoyi, masu tsunduma cikin rikicin siyasa ko al'adu, bisa tushen asalin gama gari"
Masanin ilimin zamantakewa Charles Tilly ya bayyana harkar zamantakewa a matsayin jerin wasan kwaikwayo, nuni da yaƙin neman zaɓe wanda talakawa ke yin iƙirari ga wasu. Ga Tilly, ƙungiyoyin jama'a babbar hanya ce ta shigar talakawa cikin harkokin siyasar jama'a. Ya yi nuni da cewa akwai manyan abubuwa guda uku a cikin harkar zamantakewa:
Benibo Anabraba
Benibo Frederick Anabraba ɗan siyasa ne a jihar Ribas dake Najeriya. Shi ne ɗan majalisar dokokin jihar Ribas mai wakiltan Akuku-Toru II kuma shugaban marasa rinjaye a majalisar dokokin jihar Ribas. An fara zaɓen shi ɗan majalisar wakilai a zaɓen shekara ta 2011 a matsayin ɗan jam'iyyar People's Democratic Party. Daga baya ya sauya sheƙa zuwa jam’iyyar All Progressives Congress a matsayin biyayya ga gwamna Chibuike Amaechi.
Harkar Zamantakewa
Ma'anoni
Sidney Tarrow ya bayyana harkar na zamantakewa a matsayin "kalubalen gama gari [ga manyan mutane, hukumomi, wasu kungiyoyi ko ka'idojin al'adu] ta mutanen da ke da manufa guda da hadin kai a ci gaba da mu'amala da manyan mutane, abokan adawa da hukumomi." Ya bambanta ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa da ƙungiyoyin siyasa da masu fafutuka.
Masana ilimin zamantakewa John McCarthy da Mayer Zald sun bayyana a matsayin harkar na zamantakewa a matsayin "tsarin ra'ayi da imani a cikin yawan jama'a wanda ke wakiltar abubuwan da ake so don canza wasu abubuwa na tsarin zamantakewa da/ko rarraba lada na al'umma."
A cewar Paul van Seeters da Paul James, ma'anar harkar zamantakewa ya ƙunshi wasu ƙananan yanayi na 'haɗuwa': "(1.) the formation of some kind of collective identity; (2.) the development of a shared normative orientation; (3.) the sharing of a concern for change of the status quo and (4.) the occurrence of moments of practical action that are at least subjectively connected together across time addressing this concern for change. Thus we define a social movement as a form of political association between persons who have at least a minimal sense of themselves as connected to others in common purpose and who come together across an extended period of time to effect social change in the name of that purpose."
Balaga
[[File:Axillary Hair in Puberty.jpg|thumb|Gashin Axillary a Balaga
]] [[File:पौगंडावस्थेतील संप्रेरक-नियंत्रण - Puberty-Hormonal control.jpg|thumb|Hoton yana nuna tsarin endocrin da kuma kula da hormonal, ta hanyar motsa jiki da hanyoyin amsawa, akan ci gaban sexual da ci gaba a lokacin da bayan balaga.
]] Balaga shine tsarin canje-canje na jiki ta hanyar da jikin yaro ya balaga zuwa babban jikin da zai iya haifuwa ta jima'i. An fara shi ta hanyar siginar hormonal daga kwakwalwa zuwa gonads: ovaries a cikin yarinya, gwaje-gwaje a cikin yaro. Dangane da sigina, gonads suna samar da hormones waɗanda ke motsa libido da haɓaka, aiki, da canzawar kwakwalwa, ƙasusuwa, tsoka, jini, fata, gashi, nono, da gabobin jima'i. Girman jiki—tsawo da nauyi—yana haɓakawa a farkon rabin lokacin balaga kuma yana ƙarewa lokacin da aka haɓaka jikin manya. Kafin balaga, gabobin jima'i na waje, wanda aka sani da halayen jima'i na farko, sune halayen jima'i waɗanda ke bambanta yara maza da mata. Balaga yana haifar da dimorphism na jima'i ta hanyar haɓaka halayen jima'i na biyu, wanda ya kara bambanta jinsin.
A matsakaici, 'yan mata suna fara balaga a shekaru 10-11 kuma suna cika balaga a shekaru 15-17; yara maza gabaɗaya suna fara balaga a shekaru 11-12 kuma suna cika balaga a shekaru 16-17. Babban alamar balaga ga mata shine haila, farkon haila, wanda ke faruwa a matsakaici tsakanin shekaru 12 zuwa 13. A matsakaici, 'yan mata suna fara balaga a shekaru 10-11 kuma suna cika balaga a shekaru 15-17; yara maza gabaɗaya suna fara balaga a shekaru 11-12 kuma suna cika balaga a shekaru 16-17. Babban alamar balaga ga mata shine haila, farkon haila, wanda ke faruwa a matsakaici tsakanin shekaru 12 zuwa 13. Ga maza, maniyyi na farko, maniyyi, yana faruwa ne a matsakaita a shekaru 13. A cikin karni na 21, matsakaicin shekarun da yara, musamman 'yan mata, suka kai takamaiman alamomi na balaga ya ragu idan aka kwatanta da karni na 19, lokacin yana 15. ga 'yan mata da 17 ga yara maza (da shekaru a farkon haila ga 'yan mata da kuma karar sautin muryoyin su ga samari amfani a matsayin misali). Wannan na iya zama saboda kowane adadin dalilai, ciki har da ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki wanda ke haifar da saurin girma na jiki, haɓakar nauyi da ƙima, ko fallasa ga masu endocrine disruptors kamar xenoestrogens, wanda a wasu lokuta na iya zama saboda cin abinci ko wasu abubuwan muhalli. Koyaya, ƙarin binciken kayan tarihi na zamani ya nuna cewa adadin balaga kamar yadda yake faruwa a yanzu shine hanyar da aka yi niyya. Ci gaban girma ya fara ne a kusan 10-12, amma alamomin matakan balaga na baya kamar al'ada suna da jinkirin da ke da alaƙa da mummunan yanayin muhalli kamar talauci, rashin abinci mai gina jiki, iska da gurɓatawa. Balaga da ke farawa tun da wuri fiye da yadda aka saba ana saninsa da balaga, kuma balaga da ke farawa daga baya fiye da yadda aka saba ana kiransa da jinkirta balaga. [[File:Puberty (1894-95) by Edvard Munch.jpg|thumb|Balaga (1894-95) na Edvard Munch
]] Sanannen daga cikin sauye-sauyen yanayin girma, siffar, abun da ke ciki, da kuma aiki na jiki na balaga, shine haɓaka halayen jima'i na biyu, "cika" na jikin yaro; daga yarinya zuwa mace, daga namiji zuwa namiji. An samo shi daga Latin puberatum (shekarun balaga), kalmar balaga ta kwatanta canje-canje na jiki zuwa jima'i balagaggu, ba ilimin halin mutum da al'adu balagagge da aka nuna ta kalmar ci gaban samari a cikin al'adun Yamma, inda lokacin samartaka shine lokacin canjin tunani daga yara zuwa girma, wanda ya mamaye da yawa. lokacin balaga na jiki.
Bambance-bambance tsakanin balagar namiji da mace
[[File:Hormons_feedback_-_Sprzężenie_zwrotne_hormonow.svg|thumb| 1 hormone mai motsa jiki - FSH
2 luteinizing hormone - LH
3 Progesterone
4 Estrogen
5 Hypothalamus
6 Pituitary gland shine yake
7 Ovary
8 Ciki - hCG (gonadotropin chorionic na mutum)
9 Testosterone
11 Ƙarfafawa
12 Prolactin - PRL]] Biyu daga cikin manyan bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin balaga a cikin 'yan mata da balaga a cikin samari sune shekarun da ya fara, da kuma manyan kwayoyin cutar jima'i, da androgens da estrogens.
Matsalolin hormonal na mata ya fi rikitarwa fiye da maza. Babban hormones na steroid, testosterone, estradiol, da progesterone da kuma prolactin suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin balaga. Samar da kwayoyin steroid na gonadal a cikin 'yan mata yana farawa tare da samar da testosterone, wanda yawanci yakan canza zuwa estradiol a cikin ovaries. Duk da haka adadin juzu'i daga testosterone zuwa estradiol (wanda FSH/LH ma'auni ke motsawa) a lokacin balaga ya zama mutum sosai, yana haifar da nau'ikan ci gaba iri-iri na halayen jima'i na biyu. Samar da progesterone a cikin ovaries yana farawa ne da haɓakar hawan ovulation a cikin 'yan mata (a lokacin lokacin lutheal na sake zagayowar), kafin a samar da ƙananan matakan progesterone a cikin glandan adrenal na maza da 'yan mata. Matakan estradiol sun tashi da wuri kuma sun kai matsayi mafi girma a cikin mata fiye da maza. Duk da yake estradiol yana haɓaka haɓakar ƙirjin da mahaifa, kuma shine babban hormone wanda ke haifar da haɓakar girma na balaga da maturation na epiphyseal da rufewa.
Mohammed Taufek Abd. Gani
Dato 'Mohamad Taufek bin Abdul Ghani ɗan siyasar ƙasar Malaysia ne kuma a halin yanzu yana aiki a matsayin Babban Kwamishinan Jihar Negeri Sembilan.
Rayuwar farko
An haife shi a ranar 30 ga watan Satumbar 1968, ya fito ne daga Kampung Pulau Bintongan, Rembau, Negeri Sembilan.
Iyali
Ya auri Mahani Musa (malama) kuma yana da 'ya'ya 4. Ɗansa na fari da na biyu tagwaye ne, Muhammad Syukri (an haife shi a shekara ta 1997) da Muhammad Sobri (a shekara ta 1997).
Ilimi
Ya fara karatu a Sekolah Rendah Kebangsaan King George V, Seremban (1975-1980) sannan Sekolah Menengah Kebagsaan King George v, Seremvan (1981 - 1983). Daga nan sai ya koma MARA Junior College of Science Seremban kuma ya yi karatu na shekaru biyu (1984 - 1985). Ya ci gaba da karatunsa a matakin karatun a Kwalejin Matriculation ta UKM, Kulim na tsawon shekaru biyu (1986 - 1987) kafin ya ci gaba da karatun sa a Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia a cikin Bachelor of Chemical Engineering har zuwa shekarar 1992.
Kasancewa cikin siyasa
Ya kasance mai aiki sosai a siyasa tun lokacin da ya sake zama daliɓi. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Kwamitin Ayyuka na Musamman (EXCO), Sashen Kula da Lafiyar Ɗalibai (JAKSA) Kamsis Ungku Omar (wanda yanzu ake kira Kwalejin Ungku Omar (1990-1991). Daga baya ya ɗauki matsayin memba na Majalisar Wakilai ta Ɗalibai (MPP) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM).
A cikin shekara ta 2003, an naɗa shi a matsayin Shugaban Bayanai na Majalisar Matasan PAS Negeri Sembilan har zuwa shekara ta 2005. Daga baya, a shekara ta 2005, an naɗa shi a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Majalisar Matasan PAS Negeri Sembilan, da kuma Mataimakin Darakta na Sashen Zaɓe na PAS Negeri Sembillan. Ya yi aiki a dukkan mukamai biyu har zuwa shekarar 2007.
A cikin shekara ta 2009, ya ci gaba da hawa matakan canji bayan an naɗa shi Mataimakin Kwamishinan PAS Negeri Sembilan. Baya ga wannan, ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin memba na kwamitin tsakiya na PAS bayan da shugabancin PAS na tsakiya ya naɗa shi bayan zaɓen PAS na zaman shekarun 2009-2011.
A matakin ƙauyuka, an naɗa shi a matsayin Shugaban PAS Kawasan Rembau, Negeri Sembilan a cikin shekarar 2008.
A ranar 12 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 2011, an naɗa shi a matsayin sabon Kwamishinan PAS Negeri Sembilan. Ya sami bayanai game da naɗin sa a matsayin sabon Kwamishinan Negeri Sembilan don maye gurbin Zulkefly Mohamad Omar yayin da yake cikin jirgin don haye Bosporus Strait a Istanbul, yayin da yake shiga tawagar Malaysia zuwa Turkiyya don sake duba ci gaban zaben Turkiyya.
Ƙwarewar aiki
Ya kasance yana aiki a matsayin Injiniya na samarwa a Kamfanin Hualon (M) Sdn Bhd wanda ke aiki a Melaka daga shekarar 1992 zuwa ta 1995. Bugu da ƙari, ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Babban Injiniya a Samsung Corning (M) Sdn Bhd wanda ke aiki a Seremban, Negeri Sembilan.
Ƙungiyoyin da ba na gwamnati ba
Yana aiki sosai a cikin ayyukan al'umma. Ya kasance Mataimakin Shugaban Surau An-Nur, Kampung Pulau Bintongan, Rembau a shekarun 2001-2002. A shekara ta 2006, ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Kwamitin Madrasah na Tuan Haji Abdul Rahman Ali (wanda aka fi sani da Madarasah Kampung Selemak, Rembau) na tsawon shekaru biyu (2007).
Sauran muƙamai da ya riƙe shi ne Shugaban Space Club Malaysia Negeri Sembilan (2007-2008), memba na Yayasan Amal Malaysia (2006-2008), kuma memba na Babban Kwamitin Ƙarfafawa na Indonesia (2005-2008).
Feminism
Feminism wani nau'i ne na ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa da siyasa da akidu waɗanda ke da nufin ayyana da tabbatar da daidaiton siyasa, tattalin arziki, sirri da zamantakewa na jinsi. Feminism yana riƙe da matsayin da al'ummomi ke ba da fifiko ga ra'ayi na maza da kuma cewa ana cin zarafin mata a cikin waɗannan al'ummomin. Ƙoƙarin canza wannan ya haɗa da yaƙi da ra'ayoyin jinsi da haɓaka damar ilimi, ƙwararru, da haɗin kai ga mata.
Kungiyoyin mata sun yi kamfen kuma suna ci gaba da fafutukar kwato 'yancin mata da suka hada da 'yancin kada kuri'a, tsayawa takara, aiki, samun daidaiton albashi, mallakar dukiya, samun ilimi, shiga kwangiloli, samun daidaiton 'yancin a cikin aure da hutun haihuwa. Masu fafutukar mata sun kuma yi aiki don tabbatar da samun damar hana haihuwa, zubar da ciki a shari'a, da haɗin kai da kuma kare mata da 'yan mata daga fyade, cin zarafi, da tashin hankali a cikin gida. Canje-canje a matsayin suturar mata da ayyukan jiki mai karbuwa ga mata sun kasance wani ɓangare na ƙungiyoyin mata.
Masana da yawa sun ɗauki kamfen na mata a matsayin babban ƙarfin baya ga manyan sauye-sauyen tarihi na al'umma don yancin mata, musamman a yammacin duniya, inda suke kusa da duniya baki ɗaya don cimma nasarar zaɓen mata, yare tsakanin jinsi, haƙƙin haifuwa ga mata (ciki har da samun damar hana haihuwa). da zubar da ciki), da haƙƙin kulla kwangiloli da mallakar dukiya. Ko da yake ba da shawara na mata ya fi mayar da hankali kan yancin mata, wasu masu ra'ayin mata suna jayayya da shigar da 'yantar da maza a cikin manufofinsa, saboda sun yi imanin cewa maza ma suna cutar da matsayin jinsin gargajiya. Ka'idar ta mata, wadda ta fito daga ƙungiyoyin mata, na nufin fahimtar yanayin rashin daidaiton jinsi ta hanyar nazarin matsayin zamantakewar mata da kuma rayuwa ta rayuwa; Masana ilimin mata sun haɓaka ka'idoji a fannoni daban-daban don amsa batutuwan da suka shafi jinsi.
Ƙungiyoyi da akidu da dama na mata sun bunƙasa tsawon shekaru, suna wakiltar ra'ayoyi daban-daban da manufofin siyasa. A al'adance, tun daga karni na 19, mata masu sassaucin ra'ayi na farko wadanda suka nemi daidaiton siyasa da na shari'a ta hanyar gyare-gyare a cikin tsarin dimokuradiyya mai sassaucin ra'ayi an bambanta da ƙungiyoyin mata masu fafutuka na ƙwadago waɗanda bayan lokaci suka haɓaka zuwa gurguzanci da mata na Marxist bisa ka'idar gwagwarmayar aji. Tun daga 1960s, duka waɗannan al'adun kuma an bambanta su da tsattsauran ra'ayi na mata wanda ya taso daga reshe mai tsattsauran ra'ayi na mata na biyu kuma yana kira ga sake fasalin al'umma don kawar da ikon maza; tare da masu sassaucin ra'ayi, masu ra'ayin gurguzu da masu tsattsauran ra'ayi wani lokaci ana kiransu da "Big Three" makarantu na tunanin mata. Tun daga ƙarshen karni na 20, yawancin sababbin nau'o'in mata sun fito. An soki wasu nau'ikan a matsayin yin la'akari kawai farare, matsakaici, masu ilimin koleji, jinsi, ko ra'ayoyin cisgender. Waɗannan sukar sun haifar da ƙirƙirar ƙayyadaddun ƙabilanci ko nau'ikan al'adu daban-daban na mata, kamar baƙar fata da mata masu tsaka-tsaki. Wasu masu rajin kare hakkin mata sun yi iƙirarin cewa, yawan mace-macen mata na haɓaka rashin son zuciya da ɗaukaka muradun mata sama da na maza, kuma suna sukar matsayin mata masu tsattsauran ra'ayi da cutarwa ga maza da mata.
Kalmomi
Mutane da yawa suna ganin Mary Wollstonecraft a matsayin wacce ta kafa feminism saboda littafinta na 1792 mai suna A Vindication of the Rights of Woman inda ta yi jayayya game da ilimin mata. Charles Fourier, ɗan gurguzu na utopian kuma masanin falsafar Faransa, an lasafta shi da ƙirƙirar kalmar "féminisme" a cikin shekarar 1837. Kalmomin "féminisme" ("feminism") da "féministe" ("mace") sun fara bayyana a Faransa da Netherlands a cikin shekarar 1872, Birtaniya a cikin shekarar 1890s, da kuma Amurka a 1910. ] Kamus na Turanci na Oxford ya yi kwanan watan bayyanar farko a cikin Ingilishi a cikin wannan ma'anar tun daga 1895. Dangane da lokacin tarihi, al'adu da ƙasa, 'yan mata a duniya suna da dalilai da manufofi daban-daban. Yawancin masana tarihi na mata na yammacin duniya sun yi iƙirarin cewa duk ƙungiyoyin da ke aiki don samun 'yancin mata ya kamata a yi la'akari da ƙungiyoyin mata, ko da ba (ko ba) sun yi amfani da kalmar ga kansu ba. Wasu masana tarihi sun tabbatar da cewa kalmar ya kamata a iyakance ga ƙungiyar mata ta zamani da zuriyarta. Wadancan masana tarihi suna amfani da lakabin "protofeminist" don kwatanta ƙungiyoyin farko.
Gloria Hooper, Baroness Hooper
Gloria Dorothy Hooper, Baroness Hooper, CMG, DSG, FRSA, FRGS (an haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Mayun shekara ta alif ɗari tara da talatin da tara 1939A.C) lauya ce a kasar Burtaniya kuma ma'abociyar ra'ayin mazan jiya a majalisar House of Lords.
Asalinta a shari'a
Hooper ta kasance mataimakiya ga babban magatakarda na haɗin gwiwar John Lewis tsakanin 1960-1961 kuma edita a cikin dokar yanzu ta Sweet &amp; Maxwell, Masu Buga Shari'a tsakanin 1961-1962. Daga 1962 – 1967, ta kasance jami’ar yada labarai, zuwa majalisar birnin Winchester kuma daga 1967 –1972, mataimakiyar lauya tare da Taylor da Humbert. A cikin 1972–1973, Hooper ta kasance mai bada shawara shari'a ga Slater Walker France SA Tsakanin 1974-1984, ta kasance abokiyar tarayya tare da Taylor da Humbert (yanzu Taylor, Wessing).
Benjamin Azamati
Benjamin Azamati-Kwaku (an haife shi a ranar 14 ga watan Janairu 1998) ɗan wasan tseren Ghana ne, wanda a halin yanzu yana fafatawa a ƙungiyar ASICS Global.
Abdeslam Mahmoudi
Abdeslam Mahmoudi (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga watan Disamba 1935 - 16 Fabrairu 2018) ƙwararren ɗan wasan tennis ne na Aljeriya.
Gloria Hooper, Baroness Hooper
Siyasa
Ta kasance cikakkiyar memba ta jam'iyyar Conservative, Hooper ta kasance yar takarar jam'iyyar Liverpool a zaben majalisar Turai na shekarar 1979. Ko da yake ana tunanin kujerar ba ta da tsaro, amma Hooper ya lashe ta da 7,227 a kan Terry Harrison na Labour, memba na kungiyar 'yan bindiga. Idan aka kwatanta zaben da jimillar kuri'un da aka kada a babban zaben shekarar 1979 makonni biyar da suka gabata, yawan kuri'un da aka kada a jam'iyyar Conservative ya kai kashi 11% a Liverpool, sabanin kashi 5% na kasa baki daya. An kayar da Hooper a zaben 1984 a mazabar Merseyside West.
Benjamin Azamati
Ya kafa tarihi ta hanyar karya tarihin kasa na shekaru 22 da Leo Myles Mills ya yi a ranar 26 ga watan Maris 2021 a Texas ta hanyar dakika 9.97 don ba shi damar shiga gasar Olympics ta bazara ta Tokyo.
Abdeslam Mahmoudi
Mahmoudi ya buga wasa biyu a gasar cin kofin Davis da Algeria a shekarun 1977 da 1978 kuma ya lashe daya daga cikin six rubbers.
Gloria Hooper, Baroness Hooper
Tsari
An saka ta a matsayin Ma'abociya odar St Michael da St George (CMG) a cikin Sabuwar Shekara ta 2002 kuma a ranar 10 ga Yuni 1985, an ƙirƙiri ta abokiyar rayuwa tare da taken Baroness Hooper, na Liverpool da St James's a cikin birnin Westminster. An halicce ta Dame na Order of St Gregory Mai Girma. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">]
Abdeslam Mahmoudi
Biyu daga cikin 'ya'yansa, Mohammed da Noureddine, sun bi matakansa kuma sun buga wasan tennis da kwarewa mai kyau.
Benjamin Azamati
Ƙuruciya da ilimi
An haifi Azamati a ranar 14 ga watan Janairu 1998 ɗa ne ga John da Faustina Azamati a Akim oda, Ghana.
Wasan da ya fi so ya girma shine kwallon kafa, amma ya canza zuwa wasan motsa jiki yayin da yake halartar babbar makarantar Presbyterian Boys'Senior a Accra inda mashawartan sa na PE (Nathaniel Botchway, Gideon Dukplah da Kofi Dadzie) suka gano gwanintarsa ta gudu.
Sana'a/Aiki da daraja
A lokacin da yake ɗan shekara 21, ya fito a matsayin mai fatan shiga gasar Olympics a Ghana a tseren gudun mita 100 a cikin dakika 10.02 HT a gasar Gasar Gasar Dan Adam ta Ghana ta 2019. Ya lashe lambar zinare a tseren mita 4x100 a gasar wasannin Afirka ta 2019 a Rabat. Ya lashe tseren mita 100 na GUSA sau biyu.
A cikin shekarar 2021, ya haɓaka rikodin 100m na ƙasa tare da 9.97 kuma ya haɓaka mafi kyawun sa na 200m zuwa 20.13.
A ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2022, Azamati ya inganta tarihinsa na gudun mita 100 na kasa zuwa matakin farko na duniya na dakika 9.90 a Texas, Amurka, wanda ya sanya shi zama abokin hadin gwiwa na 4 mafi sauri a kowane lokaci tare da Trayvon Bromell. Wannan tambarin ya kuma sanya shi cikin jerin gwanaye 50 da ba a taba yi ba a tseren mita 100 a duk lokacin da 'yan Afirka 6 kacal suke gudu a nahiyar a lokacin.
Lucy Bronze
Kididdigar sana'a
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Al Ahly (kwallon hannu)
Al Ahly tana da mafi kyawun tarihi a IHF Super Globe lokacin da ta sami lambar azurfa a shekarar 2007. Shekaru da dama, Al Ahly ta fi son shiga gasar Larabawa a maimakon wasannin Afirka, wanda ya sa Al Ahly ta ci gaba da zama a saman ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon hannu na Larabawa da kofuna 8. Al Ahly ita ce ta farko da ta samu tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin Afrika a shekarar 1994, amma ta janye shiga gasar cin kofin ƙasashen Larabawa.
Al Ahly ta sami nasarar wasan ƙwallon hannu da yawa, amma a cikin shekarun 90s sun fi samun nasara. A wannan lokacin sun lashe gasar Masar guda 6, kofunan Masar 2, gasar zakarun ƙwallon hannu na Afirka 2 da gasar cin kofin kasashen Larabawa 6, ba tare da gagarumin kokarin da ƙungiyar ƙwallon hannu ta maza ta Masar ta yi ba.
An zaɓi ɗan wasan Al Ahly Gohar Nabil a matsayin mafi kyawun dan wasan ƙwallon hannu a duniya a shekarar 1998 da ta 2000. Bugu da ari, an zaɓi Sameh Abdel Warth a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Duniya a shekarar 1997.
Anthony Ani
Etubom Anthony Ani ya kasance ƙaramin ministan harkokin waje kuma ministan kuɗi na Najeriya daga shekarar 1994 zuwa 1998 a lokacin mulkin Sani Abacha. Ya fito ne daga ƙaramar hukumar Odukpani da ke jihar Cross River a kudancin Najeriya.
Ya kuma kasance tsohon shugaban KPMG, tsohon shugaban Cibiyar Chartered Accountants of Nigeria (ICAN). Cif Ani, shi ne shugaban dangi na Mbiabo Ikoneto a jihar Cross River, a yankin Neja Delta a Najeriya. Ya kasance akawun aiki wanda Janar Sani Abacha ya naɗa a matsayin ƙaramin ministan harkokin waje a cikin shekarar 1993 sannan kuma aka naɗa shi ministan Kuɗi a cikin shekarar 1994.
Rivka Basman Ben-Hayim
Rivka Basman Ben-Hayim ( Yiddish  ; 20 Fabrairu shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da ashirin da biyar zuwa -ishirin da biyu ga watan Maris shekara ta dubu biyu da ishirin da uku) mawaƙiya ce kuma malama Yiddish Ya Isra'ila haifaffiyar Lithuania. Ita ce wacce ta karɓi kyautar Itzik Manger Prize a cikin shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da tamanin da hudu. An kuma ba Basman lambar yabo ta Chaim Zhitlowsky a cikin shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da casa'in da takwas.
Ilimi
A cikin shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da arba'in da bakwai Basman ta yi aliyah sannan ta shiga Kibbutz HaMa'apil. Ta sami difloma ta koyarwa daga Makarantar Koyar da Malamai da ke Tel Aviv. Ta kuma karanci adabi yayin da take New York a Jami'ar Columbia. A kibbutz ta koyar da yara kuma ta shiga ƙungiyar mawaƙan Yiddish Yung Yisroel ("Young Israel") Yayin da take kan kibbutz ta rubuta kuma ta buga kundin waƙar ta na farko, Toybn baym brunem (Doves at the rijiya), in 1959.
Sana'ar rubutu
A cikin shekarun shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da sitin da uku zuwa shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da sitin da biyar, mijinta ya zama mai kula da al'adu daga Isra'ila zuwa Tarayyar Soviet. Basman ta koyar da 'ya'yan jami'an diflomasiyya a Moscow a lokacin da take can. Ta kuma sadu da marubutan Yiddish na Rasha.
Basman Ben-Hayim ta rubuta wakokinta galibi a cikin Yadish. Tun daga wannan lokacin yawancin waƙoƙinta aka fassara zuwa Ibrananci. Yayin da take raye, mijinta ya yi zane da dukan kwatancin littattafanta. Bayan mutuwarsa, ta ɗauki sunan danginsa ta ƙara da nata.
Basman Ben-Hayim ta ci gaba da rubuta wakoki kuma ita ne shugaban kungiyar Marubuta ta Yiddish da ke Tel Aviv.
Ta sirin rayuwa da mutuwa
Basman Ben-Hayim ta zauna a Herzliya Pituah. Ta rasu a Herzliya, Isra’ila a ranar ishirin da biyu ga watan Maris, shekara ta dubu biyu da ishirin da uku, tana da shekara 98.
Kyauta
Basman Ben-Hayim ita ne wanda ta karɓi kyautar komin dabbobi ta Itzik a 1984. An kuma ba Basman lambar yabo ta Chaim Zhitlowsky a cikin 1998. Sauran kyaututtuka da sun haɗa da kyautar Arie Shamri a 1980; kyautar Fischman a 1983; kyautar da shugaban kungiyar sahyoniyawan duniya ya bayar a shekarar 1989; kyautar David Hofstein a 1992; Kyautar Beit Sholem Aleichem (Polack) a cikin 1994; kyautar Leib Malakh da Beit Leivick ta bayar a shekarar 1995; da kyautar Mendele na birnin Tel Aviv-Yafo a 1997.
Vito Badiane
Vito Badiane (an haife shi 2 ga watan Yunin 1986 a Dakar) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Senegal, wanda a halin yanzu yake bugawa AS Douanes.
Sana'a
Badane ya fara aikinsa da ASC Jeanne d'Arc Dakar. A cikin watan Janairun 2006, ya shiga SC Covilhã, inda ya fara halarta a karon a ranar 12 ga watan Maris ɗin 2006 da FC Vizela. Bayan rabin shekara, ya koma Senegal a watan Yulin 2006, sanya hannu tare da AS Douanes (Dakar). Ya buga shekaru uku tare da AS Douanes (Dakar), kafin ya shiga tare da Maritzburg United FC a watan Yulin 2009. Ya buga wasansa na farko a ranar 7 ga watan Agustan 2009 da Supersport United FC. A cikin watan Janairun 2011, Badiane ya bar kulob ɗin Afirka ta Kudu ya koma AS Douanes, inda aka naɗa shi Kaftin a cikin watan Maris 2011.
Ayyukan ƙasa da ƙasa
Badane tsohon memba ne a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Senegal U-20. Ya kasance memba na Senegal U-23 a CHAN 2009 da UEMOA Tournament.
Rayuwa ta sirri
Badiane ɗan uwan ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Faransa Thierno Baldé.
Ruth Dayan
Tarihin rayuwa
Ruta Schwartz Mahaifinta lauya ne, mahaifiyarta kuma malama ce. Bayan shekaru da yawa a Ingila, ita da danginta sun sake ƙaura zuwa Isra'ila kuma suka zauna a Urushalima. Tana da shekaru 17, ta fara karatu a makarantar aikin gona, inda ta hadu da mijinta na gaba, Mosze Dajan. Bayan aurenta, ita da mijinta suka ƙaura zuwa Tel Aviv, daga nan ta haifi 'ya'ya uku: Ja'el - ɗan siyasa, memba na Knesset kuma mataimakin magajin garin Tel Aviv, Ehud - marubuci kuma mai sassaƙa, da Asi - jarumi kuma mai shirya fina-finai. Ta rabu da mijinta bayan shekara talatin da bakwai da aure. A shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da arba'in da tara ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga baƙi. Ita ce ta kafa gidan kayan gargajiya Maskit.
A ranar 11 ga Janairu, 2007, ta sami lambar yabo ta Abokin Zaman Lafiya daga al'ummar Yahudawa da Larabawa daga ƙauyen Neve Shalom.
Ilse Aichinger ne adam wata
Tarihin rayuwa
Haihuwar wata uwa Bayahudiya wacce likita ce kuma mahaifin farfesa, Ilse Aichinger ta girma, bayan rabuwar iyayenta a shekara ta 1926, tare da mahaifiyarta da tagwaye Helga a gidan kakarta.
Tarihi ta kama dangin Aichinger daga 1938 : uwar ta rasa aikinta, kuma an kashe danginta a sansanonin halaka. Ilse, a matsayinta na Bayahude, ba za ta iya ci gaba da karatunta ba kuma an tilasta mata shiga cikin soja. Helga ta yi nasarar tserewa zuwa Ingila.
Aichinger ta karya tare da rubutun labari don zama mai karatu a cikin gidan bugawa. Tsakanin 1950 zuwa 1951 ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiya a Hochschule für Gestaltung (makarantar zane ta Bauhaus ) a Ulm, Jamus.
Daga 1951, Aichinger ta ziyarci Rukunin 47 kuma ta sami lambar yabo a shekara mai zuwa don Spiegelgeschichte (Labarin Mirror) wanda aka buga a cikin tarin gajerun labarunsa Rede unter dem Galgen (Magana a ƙarƙashin gallows). Nasarar tarin ya haifar da sake fitowa a shekara mai zuwa karkashin taken Der Gefesselte.
Ta sadu da mawaki kuma marubuci Günter Eich a cikin rukunin, ta aure shi a 1953, kuma ta haifi 'ya'ya biyu. : Clemens a 1954 da Mirjam a 1957.
Aichinger ta canza yanayin magana ta hanyar sauya sheka zuwa wasannin rediyo kamar Knöpfe a shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da hamsin da uku
A cikin 1955, birnin Düsseldorf ya ba ta lambar yabo ta Immermann kuma ta kasance memba na Berliner Akademie der Künste ( Berlin Academy of Arts ) a shekara mai zuwa.
Shekaru masu zuwa, rubuce-rubucensa sun ƙaura daga bayanin gaskiya don tafiya zuwa tafiye-tafiye a cikin tunanin ɗan adam, rinjayar surrealism kamar yadda a cikin Wo ich wohne. Mijinta ya rasu a shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da saba'in da biyu.
Ta sake canza jigo a kusa da 1976 ta hanyar tambayar harshen Jamusanci, kamar a cikin tarin Schlechte Wörter (Bad Words). Wannan tarin zai rinjayi yawancin marubutan matasa na wannan lokacin.
Aichinger tana buga ƙasa da ƙasa, mai yiwuwa a cikin zurfin gwagwarmaya mara daidaituwa tare da harshen Jamusanci ; amma kuma tana shagaltuwa da sha'awarta na har abada ga cinema. Tana samun wasu kyaututtuka masu daraja a duniyar Jamus kuma a wasu lokuta tana shiga cikin hirarraki. Mahaifiyarsa ta rasu a shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da tamanin da hudu.
A shekara ta 1987 ta sami lambar yabo ta adabi ta Europa da Majalisar Turai da Hukumar Tarayyar Turai da Gidauniyar Al'adu ta Turai suka bayar tare da hadin gwiwa. A shekara ta koma ta zauna a garinsu. Kuma a cikin 1991 an buga cikakken ayyukansa a cikin kundin 8 (a cikin Jamusanci) don cika shekaru saba'in. A cikin 1995 an ba ta babbar lambar yabo ta Austrian don adabi.
Ɗansa, actor, ya mutu a wani hatsari a 1998.
Regina Miriam Bloch
Regina Miriam Bloch ( An haife ta shekarar dubu daya da dari takwas da tamanin da takwas Nuwamba zuwa - daya ga watan Maris shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da talatin da takwas ) marubuciya kuma mawaƙiya yahudawa ce.
Tarihin Rayuwa
An haife ta a Sondershausen, a cikin Sarautar Schwarzburg-Sondershausen ( Thuringia ta yanzu), kuma ta yi karatu a Berlin da London. Ita ce 'ya ta uku na John (ko Yakubu) Bloch na Egbaston, Birmingham, editan mujallar wasanni ta Jamus Spiel und Sport (1891-1901).
Ta zauna a Landan bayan yakin duniya na farko kuma a cikin shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da goma Sha tara ta kaddamar da kira ga jama'a don samar wa al'ummar fasahar Yahudawa da fasaha a Ingila. Ta ba da gudummawar kasidu, labarai da wakoki ga kasidu da dama, kuma ta rubuta kasidu da almara ga jaridun Yahudawa da na wallafe-wallafe a Amurka da Ingila da Turawan Ingila. An haifar da wasu rudani lokacin da aka yi iƙirarin kuskure cewa Regina Miriam Bloch ita ce ainihin sunan Rebecca West.
Emeka Ananaba
Cif Sir Emeka Ananaba ɗan siyasar Najeriya ne. Ananaba ya zama mataimakin gwamnan jihar Abia daga shekarar 2011 zuwa 2015 a ƙarƙashin Cif TA Orji.
Regina Miriam Bloch
Tarihin Rayuwa
An lura da ita don ƙaƙƙarfan rubutun da ta rubuta kan rayuwar Inayat Khan da manufarsa zuwa Yamma. Ta kasance mai sha'awar sufanci kuma ta ba da gudummawar labarai da bitar littattafai zuwa Binciken Occult.
Emeka Ananaba
Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Ananaba a ranar 31 ga watan Maris ɗin 1945 a Obegu, a Ugwunagbo a jihar Abia a yau. Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta St. Peters Obegu daga shekarar 1951 zuwa 1959 kafin ya wuce zuwa Kings College Lagos domin yin karatunsa na sakandare daga shekarar 1959 zuwa 1963. Ya shiga aikin soja ne a cikin shekarar 1964 bayan ya kammala karatunsa na sakandare inda ya shiga makarantar horas da sojoji ta sojojin sama a Kaduna. Ya halarci Kwalejin horas da sojoji ta Najeriya Kaduna daga shekarar 1965 zuwa 1966. An ba shi muƙamin Laftanar Janar na Sojojin Sama na 189 na Combatant Regular Commission a cikin watan Yulin 1965. A lokacin yaƙin basasar Najeriya, ya yi yaƙi a ɓangaren Biafra. Ya zama kwamandan Biafra ta 8 Commando Brigade kuma ya kai matsayin Laftanar Kanar. Bayan yaƙin, Ananaba ya bar aikin soja ya karanta Pharmacy a Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka a cikin shekara ta 1971 kuma ya kammala da B Pharm. shekarar 1976. A cikin shekarar 1983, an naɗa shi Cif da Knight a 2001.
Regina Miriam Bloch
Tarihin Rayuwa
Ta rasu a Landan tana da shekara 49.
Zara Aronson
Zara Baar Aronson OBE ( née Baar ; acikin shekara na dubu daya dari takwas da tamanin da hudu zuwa shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da arba'in da hudu –) Yar jarida ce na tushen Sydney, edita, ma'aikacin jin daɗi, mata kuma mai gyara asalin Yahudawa. An haife ta a Ostiraliya amma ta kwashe shekarunta na girma a Turai, kafin ta koma Sydney inda ta zama mai ra'ayin jama'a da kuma marubuciya zamantakewa da kuma 'yar jarida a yawancin manyan jaridu na biranen Australia. Ta ci gaba da ayyukan zamantakewa da na agaji da kuma nata sana'ar bugawa, abinci da abinci. Aronson ya taimaka wajen samar da Ƙungiyar Marubuta Mata da kuma reshe na gida na John O'London's Literary Circle, kuma ta kasance memba mai kafa kuma sakatariyar Majalisar Mata ta Ostiraliya. A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu ta tara kudade ga Junior Red Cross ta hanyar sayar da littafin dafa abinci, bayan haka ta buga wani littafin girke-girke mai karɓa mai kyau, Ƙarni na Twentieth Cookery Practice. A rayuwarta ta kasance jami'in farar hula na Order of the British Empire saboda ayyukanta ga al'umma.
Rayuwar farko
An haifi Aronson a Sydney ga Moritz Baar, ɗan kasuwa a Hanover da London, da matarsa Zillah, née Valentine. Iyalinta sun ƙaura zuwa Turai tun tana Yar shekara uku, kuma ta fara karatu a makarantar Bradford Girls' Grammar School a Yorkshire, Ingila, sannan a Wiesbaden a Jamus. Iyalinta sun koma Sydney a shekara ta dubu daya da dari takwas da saba'in da Tara kuma, a cewar ƙamus na Biography na Australiya "sun halarci makarantar Mrs Morell".
Ƙoƙarin farko
Ta kasance memba na kwamitoci da yawa: Cibiyar Makafi Masana'antu ta Sydney, Kwamitin Gida na Thirlmere da Gidajen Sarauniya Victoria na Masu Amfani. Har ila yau, ta kasance memba ta kafa Majalisar Mata ta Ostiraliya, wadda aka kafa a cikin shekara ta dubu daya da dari takwas da casa'in da shida, kuma ita ce sakatariyar da ta dace daga shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara zuwa shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da daya da sakatariyar girmamawa daga shekara dubu daya da dari tara da shida zuwa shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da takwas. Bayan Lucy, matar Henry Gullett, ta ƙarfafa ta zama marubuciya ta sami aiki a matsayin mai ba da gudummawa ga Jaridar Ƙasar Australiya da Ƙasar da kuma Labarin London na Illustrated. Daga shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da casa'in da bakwai zuwa shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da daya ta rubuta wa Sydney Mail a matsayin editan zamantakewa bayan mutuwar Mrs Carl Fisher  a ƙarƙashin sunan "Thalia". Daga 1894 zuwa 1899 ta rubuta shafi "Sydney Boudoir Gossip" a karkashin sunan alkalami "Zara" don Maitland Daily Mercury.
Ta yi aure da Frederick Aronson a ranar 25 ga Oktoba 1882 a Babban Majami'ar a Elizabeth Street, Sydney ta Rabbi AB Davis. Ma'auratan sun haifi jariri a ranar 5 ga Satumba 1883, amma jaririn ya mutu bayan kwanaki 13. Ma'auratan suna da 'yar Zelma kuma, a cikin 1889, Aronson ta haifi ɗa, Malcolm Phillip.
Kamar mahaifin Zara, mijinta Frederick Aronson shima dan kasuwa ne wanda ya kafa kayan adon juma'a da kasuwancin shigo da kaya, Frederick Aronson & Co a cikin 1899. Aronsons sun rayu a 8 Lancaster Villas, Ocean Street a Woollahra har zuwa 1901, kafin su ƙaura zuwa Melbourne yayin da mijinta ya karɓi reshen Melbourne na kamfaninsa.
Miles Franklin ya faru
Daga baya Aronson t noa koma Sydney kuma daga tsakanin 1903 zuwa 1904 ta yi aiki a mujallar gidan Sarauniyar wata-wata, inda — a cewar Kamus na Biography na Australiya — ita ce edita amma, tare da matar Bernhard Ringrose Wise, "ya rubuta da yawa. ita kanta, gami da ginshikan wasan kwaikwayo da na zamani”. Yayin da take cikin wannan yunƙurin ne ta sami sabani da Miles Franklin akan wani shafi da ta gabata ta rubuta a matsayin Thalia. A cikin watan Satumba na 1902 "Thalia" ya yi kuskuren kuskuren sunan sunan Franklin a matsayin "Francklin" kuma ya rubuta cewa "kayanta na sirri ya yi mata yawa, saboda ita gajere ce, ba ta da mahimmanci, kuma tana da fuskar fuska da ke nuna ƙananan hali har sai kun fara. san ta" da kuma cewa "tabbas ba ta yin ado da kyau, wanda kuma ya saba mata, saboda a zahiri ba ta da wani tunani game da abin sha'awa". Duk da haka ta yaba da hankali da ilimi.
Aronson daga baya ta rubuta wa Franklin, amma ɗan'uwanta ya amsa. Aronson ya amsa "ko da yake na yi imani da cewa 'yar'uwarku ta nemi ku ba da amsa ga wasiƙarta, ina tsammanin wani a cikin gidanku zai iya koya muku ɗan ladabi ga wata mace edita" kuma "Ina jin Miss Franklin ba ta san ku ba. ta rubuto min irin wannan wasiƙa mai ban dariya, kamar yadda koyaushe nake ɗaukarta a matsayin aboki nawa", kodayake ta tambayi wane shafi Thalia ta rubuta wanda ya ba da laifi. Ba a rubuta martanin Franklin ba, duk da haka amsar Aronson ita ce “An nuna mani sakin layi na da ake tambaya kuma da gaske ban iya ganin wani abu mai girman kai a ciki ba. Lallai gashin Bakar Zuciya kuskure ne, amma sai kadan daga cikin kuskure irin wannan tabbas bai dace da ku ba".
Bayan mutuwarta
A cikin shekarun baya ta kasance editan kayan ado na Jaridar Town da Country Journal ta Australiya da Sunday Times, da kuma wakilin zamantakewar Sydney na Telegraph. Bayan mijinta ya kafa reshe na kasuwancinsa a Perth, Western Australia, ta koma tare da shi kuma ta zama ɗan jarida ga Western Mail. Bayan ta koma Sydney shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da goma Sha hudu, ta koma 86 Darling Point Road, Darling Point. Ta taimaka wa kungiyar agaji ta Red Cross ta Junior a kokarinsu na tallafa wa sojojin da ke yaki a yakin duniya na daya ta hanyar ba da kudaden da aka samu daga littafin dafa abinci, wanda ya tara sama da fam 500. Ɗanta, Malcolm, ya shiga soja a matsayin Direban Sufurin Motoci a cikin Rundunar Soja ta Sojoji kuma ya tafi yaƙi a Yaƙin Duniya na Farko a ranar 20 ga Agusta 1916 akan HMAT Shropshire.
A cikin 1917, Aronson ta samar da ingantaccen littafin dafa abinci na Twentieth Century Cooking and Home Decoration as Thalia,  kuma zuwa 1918 ta fara dakunan shayi na Mary Elizabeth a 60 King Street, Sydney. Frederick ya mutu a shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da ishirin da takwas. Ta ci gaba da gudanar da dakunan shan shayi na Mary Elizabeth, wanda Ma'aunin Ibrananci na Australasia ya bayyana a matsayin "wurin haduwa da yawancin mutanen Bohemian na Sydney", duk da haka a cikin 1932 ta bayyana fatarar kudi ta hanyar Hungerford, Spooner & Co. kuma a ƙarshe ta biya. masu bin ta. A wannan lokacin ta kuma taimaka wajen samar da Ƙungiyar Marubuta Mata, inda ta zama Sakatariyar Daraja ta al'umma lokacin da ta fara a watan Satumba 1925. Daga baya ta zama shugabanta kuma ta yi ritaya a ranar 17 ga Oktoba 1941, Nora Kelly ta gaje shi. Ta kasance mai kafa reshe na gida na Da'irar Adabi na John O'London.
A ranar 23 ga Yuni 1936 Aronson ta zama jami'ar farar hula a cikin Order of the British Empire (OBE).
Aronson ta mutu a gidanta a Darling Point a ranar 1 ga Yuli 1944. An binne ta a sashin Yahudawa na makabartar Rookwood kuma an tsarkake ta a ranar 20 ga Mayu 1945.
Kasuwancin muggan kwayoyi na gabashin Afirka
Kasuwancin muggan kwayoyi na gabashin Afirka na nufin sayarwa da fataucin miyagun kwayoyi da ake yi a kasashen gabashin Afirka kamar Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Somaliya, da Habasha. Mafi yawan nau'o'in magungunan da ake sayarwa a Gabashin Afirka sune tabar heroin, marijuana, hodar iblis, methamphetamine, da kuma khat, dukkansu haramun ne a kasashen gabashin Afrika.
Ofishin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya mai yaki da muggan kwayoyi da laifuffuka ya ba da rahoton cewa adadin da aka bayar da rahoton kama muggan kwayoyi tsakanin 1995 zuwa 2006 bai isa ya kammala cewa tsarin fataucin da yiwuwar shan muggan kwayoyi na da ban tsoro. Duk da haka, ƙarancin adadin da aka ruwaito a hukumance ba alamar aiki ba ce. Maimakon haka, yana nuna rashin kula da kan iyakoki, da rashin fahimtar cinikin miyagun ƙwayoyi, da kuma raunin tsarin shari'ar laifuka. Ko da yake bincike kan illar cinikayyar miyagun kwayoyi a gabashin Afirka ya ragu da na sauran yankuna, ana alakanta fataucin muggan kwayoyi da cin hanci da rashawa, ta'addanci, HIV da matasa.
Hasali ma, fataucin muggan kwayoyi a gabashin Afirka na karuwa sosai a cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata. Yayin da yankin ke fama da karancin wadataccen kayan masarufi saboda karuwar bukatarsa ta magunguna, kasashen gabashin Afirka ma sun shiga cikin fataucin miyagun kwayoyi na kasa da kasa. Saboda shahararrun hanyoyin safarar mutane zuwa Turai da Amurka kamar hanyar Balkan da ake samun ƙarin sa ido, magunguna daga Asiya suna bi ta ƙasashen Gabashin Afirka zuwa Afirka ko kuma daga ƙarshe zuwa Turai da Amurka. Mujallar Al’amuran Duniya ta bayyana a shekara ta 2012 cewa UNODC ta ba da rahoton cewa an samu karuwar masu shan hodar Iblis a Gabashin Afirka a tsakanin 2005 zuwa 2010. Hakazalika, adadin kamun da aka yi wa maganin tabar heroin a manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa na gabashin Afrika ya karu kusan sau goma tsakanin shekarar 2009 zuwa 2013. Irin wadannan bayanai na nuni da cewa ana ci gaba da samun bunkasuwar kasuwancin yankin gabashin Afirka, kuma kasashe na kara mayar da martani kan safarar miyagun kwayoyi.
Fage da Tarihi
Saboda tarihinta da tarihinta, Gabashin Afirka ita ce kyakkyawar tashar shiga don jigilar magunguna daga Asiya. Hanyoyin kasuwanci na tarihi da suka ratsa tekun Indiya zuwa Asiya da yankin kudu da hamadar sahara sun saukaka zirga-zirgar kayayyakin doka tsawon shekaru da dama. A cikin 1970s, duk da haka, saboda mummunan tasirin rikicin bashi na Afirka da shirye-shiryen daidaita tsarinsa, halaltattun hanyoyin kasuwanci sun ƙara zama hanyar haramtattun abubuwa tare da sassauƙar tsangwama daga hukumomi.
Yanayin zamantakewar zamantakewar ƙasashe da yawa a gabashin Afirka ya ƙara ƙarfafa fataucin muggan kwayoyi. Karancin ayyukan tilasta bin doka da sabon shiga cikin haramtacciyar fataucin miyagun kwayoyi a duk fadin yankin ya sa gwamnatoci ba su da kayan aiki don hana fasa kwauri. Bugu da kari, cin hanci da rashawa ya karfafa ayyukan da ba bisa ka'ida ba, domin zabuka a kasashe irin su Kenya na samun kudaden shiga daga ribar da ake samu daga haramtattun muggan kwayoyi don samun karfin siyasa. Bugu da ƙari, cin hanci don yin watsi da ayyukan aikata laifuka ya zama abin damuwa a yankin a cikin shekarun da suka gabata.
Fataucin miyagun kwayoyi ba bisa ka'ida ba a gabashin Afirka ana iya samo shi tun tsakiyar shekarun 1980, lokacin da masu fataucin miyagun kwayoyi suka fara amfani da kasashen gabashin Afirka a matsayin wuraren safararsu.
Kungiyoyin da ke yaki da miyagun kwayoyi a Najeriya ne suka shirya da kuma gudanar da cinikin miyagun kwayoyi a gabashin Afirka tun asali. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, kungiyoyin masu aikata laifuka daga Kenya da Tanzaniya su ma sun fara taka rawa sosai.
Da farko, cinikin miyagun ƙwayoyi ba bisa ƙa'ida ba ta Gabashin Afirka yana cinikin magunguna biyu kawai: tabar wiwi da tabar wiwi. Na karshen wani nau'in tabar heroin ne wanda aka zafafa cikin tururi ana shakarsa, ko kuma a hada shi da marijuana a cikin hadin gwiwa da za a sha. Tun da aka yi amfani da tabar heroin mai launin ruwan kasa ba tare da allura ba, an yi watsi da matsayinta na haɗarin lafiyar jama'a. An riga an shigar da muggan kwayoyi a farkon kasuwancin muggan kwayoyi zuwa kasashen yammacin Afirka kuma sun kasance a wuraren yawon bude ido a duk gabashin Afirka.
A ƙarshen 1990s, an maye gurbin tabar heroin mai launin ruwan kasa a cikin cinikin magunguna na duniya da sabon nau'in tabar heroin. Farin tabar heroin, wanda kuma aka sani da farin foda tabar heroin, ya fi ƙarfin gaske fiye da sauran nau'ikan tabar heroin da allura. Ba kamar tabar heroin mai launin ruwan kasa ba, baya buƙatar tsarin dumama mai rikitarwa don haka yana da sauƙin amfani. Tun daga farkon shekarun 2000, tabar heroin ta farar fata ta zama ruwan dare gama gari a gabashin Afirka kanta don amfanin gida da fataucin duniya, musamman a Kenya da Tanzaniya.