cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Harshen Esan
Esan babban yaren Edoid ne na Najeriya. Ana yin ƙamus da rubutun nahawu na yaren Esan. Akwai yaruka da yawa, da suka haɗa da Ogwa, Ẹkpoma Ebhossa, (Ewossa) Ewohimi, Ewu, Ewatto, Ebelle, Igueben, Irrua, Ohordua, Uromi, Uzea, Ubiaja da kuma Ugboha.
Yaruka
Jerin yarukan Esan kamar yadda Osiruemu ya rarraba su a (2010):
Pieter Malan
Pieter Jacobus Malan (an haife shi a ranar 13 ga watan Agustan shekara ta alif 1989), ƙwararren ɗan wasan kurket ne na Afirka ta Kudu. Bassan ne na hannun dama da kwano mai matsakaicin sauri. Tun a shekarar (2007) ya buga wasan kurket na aji na farko don duka Arewa da Titans. Ya buga wasansa na farko na kasa da kasa don ƙungiyar wasan kurket ta Afirka ta Kudu a watan Janairun shekarar (2020).
Harshen Esan
Amfani
Mutanen Uromi, Irrua da Ewu suna magana da yaren Esan kaɗan idan aka kwatanta da mutanen Uzea, duk da cewa akwai takaddun da ke nuna cewa mutanen Uromi da mutanen Uzea suna da zuriya ɗaya. Irin waɗannan bambance-bambancen harshe da harafin kalmomi sun zama ruwan dare a cikin harshen Esan. Yawancin tarurrukan Majalisar Sarakunan Esan na shekara-shekara ana gudanar da su cikin Ingilishi saboda wannan dalili. Koyaya, an kwatanta harshen Esan a matsayin mai mahimmanci na yanki. Ana koyar da shi a makarantu a ko'ina cikin Esanland, kuma rediyo da talabijin na harshen Esan sun yaɗu.
Pieter Malan
Sana'ar cikin gida
Malan ya bayyana a ƙungiyoyin Ingila da dama da suka hada da Nelson, Royton, Colne da Rishton. A kakar wasa ta shekarar (2011) ya zama ɗan wasa na farko da ya taba zura ƙwallaye 1,000 a kakar wasa ɗaya ga Barrow tun bayan da ƙungiyar ta shiga ƙungiyar ta Cricket League a shekarar (2004) inda ya samu gudu 1,051 akan matsakaita 65.69. Daga nan ne kulob ɗin Lancashire League Ramsbottom ya sanya hannu a matsayin ƙwararren kulob na kakar shekarar (2012). An saka shi cikin tawagar wasan kurket na Lardin Yamma don gasar cin kofin T20 na Afirka ta shekarar (2015).
Harshen Esan
Sunaye gama gari
Binciken harshe ya nuna kalmar ' gbe ' don samun mafi girman adadin amfani a cikin Esan, tare da har zuwa 76 ma'anoni daban-daban a cikin ƙamus na al'ada. Sunaye da suka fara da na raɓa fanni Ọs; Ehi, Ehiz ko Ehis; da Okoh (na namiji), Okhuo (na mace) sun fi kowa a Esan: Ehizefe, Ehizọkhae, Ehizojie, Ẹhinomɛn, Ehimanre, Ehizelele, Ɛhimyen, Ehikhayimɛntor, Ehikhayimɛnle, Ehijantor, Ehicheoya, Emiator da sauransu; Magana, Magana, da sauransu; Okosun, Okojie, Okodugha, Okoemu, Okouromi,Okoukoni, Okougbo, Okoepkẹn, Okoror, Okouruwa, Oriaifo etc. Ga kowane Oko-, 'Ọm-' za a iya ƙara ƙarar sunan don isa ga sigar mace misali Ọmosun, Ọmuromi, da sauransu.
Pieter Malan
Sana'ar cikin gida
Ya kasance babban mai zura ƙwallo a raga a gasar cin kofin shekara ta (2016 zUwa 2017) Sunfoil 3-Day, tare da jimlar 1,069 da aka gudanar a wasanni tara.
Harshen Esan
Alphabet
Esan yana amfani da haruffa da yawa, Romanized Esan shine mafi yawan amfani da jimlar adadin haruffa 25:
Pieter Malan
Sana'ar cikin gida
A cikin watan Agustan shekarar (2017) an ba shi suna a cikin tawagar Cape Town Knight Riders don farkon kakar T20 Global League. Koyaya, a cikin watan Oktoban shekarar( 2017) Cricket Afirka ta Kudu da farko ta dage gasar har zuwa watan Nuwambar shekarar (2018) tare da soke ta ba da daɗewa ba.
Harshen Esan
Alphabet
a, b, d, e, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, o, p, r, s, t, u, v, w, y, z.
Pieter Malan
Sana'ar cikin gida
A cikin watan Oktoban shekarar (2017) ya zira ƙwallaye a ƙarni na 25 a wasan kurket na aji na farko, yana yin bajinta don Cape Cobras da Warriors a cikin shekarar (2017 zuwa 2018) Sunfoil Series. Ya kasance babban mai zura ƙwallaye a gasar shekarar ( 2017 zuwa 2018) Momentum One Day Cup, tare da jimlar 615 da aka gudanar a wasanni goma sha ɗaya.
Harshen Esan
Alphabet
Digraph ɗin ya ƙunshi saiti 10 na haruffa biyu:
Pieter Malan
Sana'ar cikin gida
A watan Yunin shekara r (201) an nada shi a cikin tawagar Cape Cobras na kakar shekara ta (2018 zuwa 2019) A cikin watan Satumbar shekarar (2091) an naɗa shi a cikin tawagar Boland don gasar cin kofin Afirka T20 na shekarar (2018) A cikin watan Nuwambar shekarar (2018) a lokacin shekarar (2018 zuwa 2019)  CSA 4-Day Franchise Series, ya zira kwallaye a ƙarni na 30 a wasan kurket na aji na farko. Ya kasance babban mai zura ƙwallo a raga na Cape Cobras a cikin shekarar (2018 zuwa 2019) CSA 4-Day Franchise Series, tare da 821 yana gudana cikin matches goma.
Harshen Esan
Alphabet
bh, gb, gh, kh, kp, kw (ba a cika amfani da shi ba), mh, nw, ny, sh.
Sunaye
Duk sunayen Esan suna farawa da haruffan wasali (watau a, e, , i, o, ọ, u ): aru, eko, ebho, itohan, oze, òrhia, uze, da sauransu. Saboda tasirin harsunan maƙwabta da harsunan yamma, musamman Turanci, akwai ɗabi'a a tsakanin Esan na furta yawancin sunaye waɗanda ba na Esan ba suna farawa da harafin baƙaƙe. Idan akwai irin wannan a cikin iyakar rubutaccen Esan, ana iya amfani da ɓata kafin harafin farko na farko don Esanize da sauƙaƙa furucin. A cikin magana duk da haka ana kiran irin wannan ridda kamar 'i' /i:/: 'bazaar,' Yunusa, 'aiki,' zoo, da sauransu.
Pieter Malan
Sana'ar cikin gida
A cikin watan Afrilun shekarar (2021) an ba shi suna a cikin tawagar Boland, gabanin lokacin wasan kurket na shekarar (2021zuwa 2022) a Afirka ta Kudu. A cikin watan Fabrairun shekarar (2022) an nada Malan a matsayin kyaftin na Rocks don Kalubalen CSA T20 na shekarar (2021 zuwa 2022).
Osnabrück
Osnabrück birni ne, da ke a cikin jihar Lower Saxony ta Jamus. Tana kan kogin Hase a cikin wani kwarin da aka rubuta tsakanin tsaunin Wiehen da iyakar arewacin dajin Teutoburg. Tare da yawan jama'a 168,145 Osnabrück yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan biranen huɗu a Lower Saxony. Birnin shine tsakiyar yankin Osnabrück Land da kuma gundumar Osnabrück. Kafuwar Osnabrück yana da alaƙa da matsayinsa akan mahimman hanyoyin kasuwanci na Turai. Charlemagne ya kafa Diocese na Osnabrück a shekara ta 780. Birnin kuma ya kasance memba na Hanseatic League. A ƙarshen Yaƙin Shekaru Talatin (1618-1648), ɗaya daga cikin yarjejeniyoyin da suka ƙunshi Aminci na Westphalia an yi shawarwari a Osnabrück (ɗayan yana cikin Münster kusa). Dangane da rawar da ya taka a matsayin wurin tattaunawa, Osnabrück daga baya ya karɓi lakabin Friedensstadt ("birni na zaman lafiya"). Ana kuma san birnin a matsayin wurin haifuwar marubucin yaƙin yaƙi Erich-Maria Remarque da mai zane Felix Nussbaum.
Harshen Esan
Sunaye
Kowane sunan Esan yana ƙarewa da ko dai cikin harafin wasali (misali ato, Ẹkpoma, uri, oya ) ko harafin da ke da alaƙa da wasali 'n': agbọn, eran, ën, itọn, ilin, da sauransu. Banda wannan ka'ida shine rubuta sunayen sunaye masu kyau inda sunan zai iya ƙare a harafin 'r' koyaushe bayan harafin 'ọ' don sanya shi zama kamar 'ko' a cikin Ingilishi da kuma amfani da harafin 'h' bayan harafi. 'o' don sanya shi sauti kamar 'oh' a Turanci: Isibor, Oko'ror, Okoh, Okoọboh, da dai sauransu.
Jama'a a cikin Esan nau'i ne guda biyu, na farkon su yana da alaƙa da sunaye waɗanda ke da nau'ikan jam'i na asali, wanda a halin yanzu ana maye gurbin harafin farko da wani harafi:
ọmọ (baby), samun (babie); ọmọle (man, male), hotonle (men, males); okpea (man), ikpea (maza); okhuo (mace, mace), ikhuo (mata, mata); ọshọ, amuọe (aboki), ishọ, imuọe (abokai); obhio (dangi), ibhio (dangantaka); obhokhan (yaro), ibhokhan (yara); oghian (maƙiyi), ighian (maƙiyi); usẹnbhokhan (boy), i'inbhokhan (boys); ɔmamheen, ọmọhin (girl), imamheen, samuhin (girls); ọwanlẹn (dattijo, babba), iwanlẹn (dattijai, manya); orhia (mutum), erhia (mutane); bo (likita), ebo (likitoci); Ebo (dan Turanci), Ibo ('yan Turanci); obo (hannu), abu (hannu); oè (kafa), ae (kafa); amfani (ƙusa), ise (ƙusoshi); udo (dutse), ido (dutse)
Na biyu kuma dole ne ya yi, ba tare da na sama waɗanda suke da nau'i na jam'i na asali ba, amma tare da sauran sunaye masu yawa waɗanda ba su da. A wannan yanayin, ana amfani da suffix (kamar yadda ake amfani da 's' a Turanci) ta hanyar ƙara shi zuwa sunan da ake magana a kai, amma ba tare da an canza furci ba. Misali:
uwaebe (makarantar), uwaebeh (makarantu); eran (sanda), eranh (sanduna); emhin (wani abu), emhinh (wasu abubuwa)
Karin magana
Such as ancestors
Umarnin hukunci
Amfani da Esan yana buɗewa zuwa umarni ko tsari guda uku: (subject–verb–object (SVO), object–subject–verb (OSV), da object–verb–subject (OVS)) don bayyana kansu Okoh 'h gbi ele ( SVO). Okoh imen ddaghe (OSV). Ena ye imin (OVS). SVO ya fi kowa kuma mafi yawan aiki. An taƙaita amfani da OVS zuwa ƙayyadadden adadin gine-gine na nahawu.
Kalmomi
Duk kalmomin Esan suna farawa da haruffan baƙaƙe kuma suna ƙarewa cikin ko dai harafin wasali ko harafin da ke da alaƙa da wasalin 'n': bi, d'e, fan, hɛn, lolo, da sauransu. A cikin bayyana abin da ya gabata, ninka harafin farko na fi'ili yana faruwa kamar yadda 'bi' ya canza zuwa 'bbi' kuma 'hn' ya zama 'hhen'. Har ila yau, fi'ili na iya farawa da diphthong: khian, gbe, bhanbhan. Samuwar abin da ya gabata a wannan yanayin bai bambanta ba: kkhian, ggbe, da dai sauransu. Wasu yare na Esan kamar su Uzea suna amfani da 'ah' (ko 'h) don nuna halin yanzu (kamar a cikin "Zai koma gida." ). Ko da yake wannan ba ya nan a yawancin yarukan Esan, ana amfani da shi kuma a sanya shi a gaban babban fi'ili lokacin rubuta: Ele 'h khooa = Suna wanka.
Alamomi
Siffar Esan, kamar yadda sifa ta Ingilishi ke yi, tana canza suna ko karin magana. Wato yana ba da ƙarin bayani game da suna ko karin magana da kuma sanya ma'anarsa keɓancewa. Yana iya bayyana kafin ko bayan suna. Bambanci kawai tsakanin Esan da kalmomin Ingilishi shine kamar Jafananci, wasu sifofin Esan suna kama da fi'ili a cikin abin da suke nunawa don nuna lokaci: Ele mhenmhin. = Suna da kyau. // Ele mmhenmhin. = Sun kasance masu kyau. Ninki biyu na farkon harafin sifa 'mhhenmhin (mai kyau)' kamar fi'ili, yana nuna wannan batu a fili. Siffofin Esan suna da nau'ikan Esan ne daban-daban: 'kalmar sifa' da 'siffar siffa' phrasal'.
Siffar kalma sifa ce da ta ƙunshi kalma ɗaya: esi, khọlọ, hu, jian, da sauransu. Wannan nau'i na sifa ya kasu kashi biyar: pre-noun adjective, post-noun adjective, numeral adjective, nounal adjective, da ƙuntataccen sifa. Siffar suna kafin sunan suna bayyana ne kawai kafin sunan da yake gyaggyarawa, yana ba da bayani game da girman sunan da/ko yawanta, kuma suna farawa da harafin wasali: ukpomin, ekitui, udede, ikwkwwi, da sauransu. Waɗannan sifofin ba su ƙarƙashin ƙa'idar tenses kuma ba sa ɗaukar ma'anar 'mhin'. Bayanin bayan suna yana zuwa nan da nan bayan sunan da yake canzawa: khọlọ, khoriọn, fuọ, ba, to, han, lẹnlẹn, bhihi, hu, khisin, khere, re(le) (far), re (zurfi), re ( girma), sake (hallartar da kyau), bue, tan, da sauransu. Waɗannan sifofin suna ƙarƙashin ka'idar lokaci don amfani da su don yin la'akari da lokaci (misali "Okoh ku kkhhorion." = "Okoh mummuna ce." ).
Sai dai sifa 'khoriọn', duk sauran ana iya amfani da su tare da karimin 'mhin', kuma ('ebe' da 'esi' waɗanda kuma ake kiran su da suna adjectives) duk suna farawa da haruffan baƙaƙe. Siffar lamba ita ce wacce za a iya amfani da ita don amsa irin wannan tambaya kamar “nawa?”: òkpa, eva, ea, igbe, da sauransu. Domin su ma sunaye ne, duk suna farawa da haruffan wasali. Ba sa bin ƙa'idar tenses kuma ba za a iya amfani da su tare da kari 'mhin' ba. Siffar suna ko suna shine wanda ke zuwa gaban suna kuma ana iya sarrafa shi cikin sauƙi ya zama suna a cikin amfani: esi, ebe. Ba za a iya amfani da shi tare da 'mhin' ba kuma ba sa bin doka mai tsanani. Ƙuntataccen sifa ita ce wadda kawai za a iya amfani da ita da takamaiman suna misali 'bhibhi' a cikin 'ewew bhibhi' (washe gari).
Siffar phrasal.
Siffar jimla ita ce wacce ta ƙunshi kalma fiye da ɗaya; an yi shi da magana. Sau da yawa fiye da haka, jimlar sifa takan ƙunshi ko dai suna + fi'ili ko sifa+preposition+noun wanda ke haɗuwa don aiwatar da aikin sifa. Wasu misalan gama-gari su ne: rui elo (makafi), yi ehọ (kurma, mai tawaye), di ọmalẹn (tsohuwa, tsofaffi), di iton a (mutuwa), bhon ose (kyakkyawa), fi ahiẹ a (serene), fua amɛn ( haske-complexioned), ba bhi egbe (mai zafi), mhen bhi egbe (jiki-friendly), mhen bhi unu (mai dadi), mhen bhi elo (kyakkyawa ko ba m ga gani), mhen bhi ihue (ba m ga hanci), mhen bhi ehọ (ba mai cutar da kunne ba), khọ bhi unu (marasa jin daɗi; m), khọ bhi egbe (mara iya jurewa), da sauransu.
A ƙasa akwai wasu sifofin Esan da ma'anarsu (da waɗanda za a iya amfani da su tare da suffix 'mhin' an nuna su. Ƙaddamar da kari na 'mhin' zuwa kalma yana juya shi daga sifa zuwa suna kamar yadda ma'anar 'ness' a Turanci ke yi. ) Ukpomin (kadan), ekitui (da yawa; da yawa), udede (babban), ikwkwwi (kanin; maras muhimmanci), khisin-mhin (kanana; diminutive), khere-mhin (kanana; kadan), hu-mhin (babban; kumfa). ), khuẹlẹ-mhin (slim), re-mhin (na nisa; zurfi; halarta sosai; girma), dia-mhin (daidai; dace), bhala-mhin (haske-haske), bhia-mhin (babba, fili), rieriẹ-mhin (smooth), rẹrẹ-mhin (restless), kpoloa (smooth), gọ-mhin (crooked) kpono-mhin (slippery), kwon (slippery; slimy), to-mhin (irritating), kpọ-mhin (ya yadu), khia-mhin (mai tsarki, adali), fu-mhin (mai zaman lafiya), bhiẹlẹ-mhin (lazy), fa-mhin (datti, mai tsabta), l-mhin (karanci), tua-mhin (mai sauri). ), zaza-mhin (mai gwaninta), sun-mhin (slimy), kholo (spherical), hian-mhin (mai tasiri; giya), nwun-mhin ko mun-mhin (kaifi; barasa), khọlọ-mhin (mummuna; mai raɗaɗi). ), sẹ-ẹ (talakawa), nọghọ-mhin (mawuyaci), kpataki (ainihin), lo-mhin (marasa tsada; zurfi), khua-mhin (nauyi; zafi), finɔ-mhin (itching), luẹn (ripe), khekhea (mai tsami), riala-mhin (daci), fua-mhin (fari), bhihi-mhin ( baki; duhu-rikici), kkenkẹn-mhin (multicoloured), konkọn (fat), kaka-mhin (hard; serious), toto-mhin (mai tsanani; taut), ghan-mhin (mai tsada), ghantoa (costly), wualan-mhin (hikima), sõno-mhin (m), lẽkhá-mhin (laushi), khere-khere (laka), gban-a (fadi), tan-mhin (tsawo; m), guẹguẹ (ingratiating), mhen-mhin ( mai kyau), lẹnlẹn-mhin (mai dadi), zeze-mhin (ƙarfi), wo-mhin (mai ƙarfi; balagagge), bie (dafasa ko aikata), fe-mhin (mai arziki); fanon-fanon (unkempt; mara kyau), rughu-rugu ko ragha-ragha (raguwa), sankan-sankan (laka da rough), yagha-yagha (untidy); rui elo (makafi), yi ehọ (kurma, tawaye), di ƙasan (tsohuwa, tsohuwa), di iton a (makawu), bhon ose (kyakkyawa), fi ahiẹ a (serene), fua amen (haske-haske), ba bhi egbe (mai zafi), mhen bhi egbe (abota jiki), mhen bhi unu (mai dadi), mhen bhi elo (kyakkyawa ko rashin jin dadi ga gani), mhen bhi ihue (ba mai cutar da hanci), mhen bhi ehọ ( ba mai cutar da kunne ba), khọ bhi unu (marasa jin daɗi; m), khọ bhi egbe (mara iya jurewa), da sauransu.
Masu tantancewa
'eni' a cikin Esan yana daidai da 'the' (kamar jam'i) a Turanci: eni emhinh = abubuwan
'ni' a cikin Esan yana daidai da 'that' a Turanci: emhin ni ko oni emhin ni
'na' a cikin Esan yana daidai da 'wannan' a Turanci: emhin na or òni emhin na
A cikin jimlolin da ke ƙasa, masu tantancewa suna cikin baƙar fata:
‘ukpi’ (pl. ‘ikpi’) in Esan is equivalent to the indefinite article ‘a’/‘an’ in English:
ukpi ẹmhin = abu
ikpi emhinh = ... abubuwa
'ọsoso' (pl. 'esoso') a cikin Esan yana daidai da 'kowa' a Turanci:
emhin soso = kowane abu
emhinh esoso wani abu
emhinh eso = wasu abubuwa
'ikpeta' a cikin Esan yana daidai da 'kaɗan' a Turanci:
emhin erebhe = komai
'eveva' a cikin Esan yayi daidai da 'duka' a cikin Ingilishi:
Emhinh eveva = abubuwa biyu
'ekitui' a cikin Esan yana daidai da 'da yawa' a cikin Ingilishi:
ekitui emhinh = abubuwa da yawa
Zail Singh
Giani Zail Singh, haifaffen Jarnail Singh ; an haifeshi a ranar
Käthe Kollwitz
Käthe Kollwitz ( an haifeta 8 ga watan Yuli shekarar 1867 - 22 ga watan Afrilu shekarar 1945) yar ƙasar Jamus ce wanda ta yi aikin zane-zane, bugawa (ciki har da etching, lithography da yankan itace ) da sassaka. Babban zane-zanenta wanda ya shahara, sun hada da The Weavers da The Peasant War, suna nuna tasirin talauci, yunwa da yaƙi akan ma'aikata. Duk da gaskiyar ayyukanta na farko, fasaharta yanzu tana da alaƙa da Expressionism. Kollwitz ita ce mace ta farko ba kawai da za a zaba a Prussian Academy of Arts ba amma har ma ta sami matsayi na Farfesa.
Zail Singh
Yunkurinsa na siyasa a cikin Praja Mandal, ƙungiyar da ke da alaƙa da Majalisar Indiya ta Indiya, ta gan shi an yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin kurkuku tsakanin shekarar alif 1938 zuwa shekarata alif 1943.
Käthe Kollwitz
Tasowarta
An haifi Kollwitz a Königsberg, Prussia, a matsayin ɗiya ta biyar a cikin danginta. Mahaifinta, Karl Schmidt, mai ra'ayin Social Demokrat ne wadda ta zama mason ginin gida. Mahaifiyarta, Katherina Schmidt, 'yar Julius Rupp ce, wani fasto na Lutheran wanda aka kore shi daga Ikilisiyar Jihar Ikklesiya ta hukuma kuma ta kafa ikilisiya mai zaman kanta. Iliminta da fasaharta sun yi tasiri matuka a darussan kakanta na addini da zamantakewa. Babban yayanta Conrad, ya zama fitaccen masanin tattalin arziki na SPD. Don gane gwaninta, mahaifin Kollwitz ya shirya mata ta fara darussa na zane da kwafi simintin gyare-gyare a ranar 14 ga watan Agusta shekara ta 1879 lokacin tana da shekaru goma sha biyu. A shekarar 1885-6 ta fara karatun ta na yau da kullun na fasaha a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Karl Stauffer-Bern, abokin mai zane Max Klinger, a Makaranta na Mata masu fasaha a Berlin. A shekaru sha shida ta fara aiki tare da batutuwa masu alaƙa da motsi na Realism, suna yin zane-zane na ma'aikata, ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa da manoma da ta gani a ofisoshin mahaifinta. Etchings na Klinger, dabarun su da abubuwan da suka shafi zamantakewa, sun kasance abin ƙarfafawa ga Kollwitz.
Zail Singh
Ya taba zama shugaban kwamitin PEPSU Pradesh Congress a tsakanin shekarata alif 1955 – 56 kuma ya zama shugaban kwamitin majalisar Punjab Pradesh a shekarata alif 1966 yana aiki a waccan mukamin har zuwa zabensa a matsayin babban ministan Punjab a shekarata alif 1972.
A matsayinsa na babban minista, Singh an yaba shi da kafa rukunin masana'antu na farko na Indiya a Mohali, yana ba da doka ga Dokar Gyaran Kasa ta Punjab ta a shekarata alif 1972, tabbatar da tanadi ga Mazhabi Sikhs da Valmikis a cikin ilimi da aikin jama'a da kuma dawo da ragowar Udham Singh wanda aka kona su a Punjab tare da shugaban kasa. Bayan cin nasarar jam'iyyar Congress a zabukan a shekarata alif 1977, Singh da Sanjay Gandhi sun ba da tallafin siyasa da kudi ga Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale, mai wa'azin Sikh mai tsattsauran ra'ayi.
An zabe shi a Lok Sabha a cikin shekarata alif 1980, Firayim Minista Indira Gandhi ya nada Singh a matsayin ministan cikin gida na Indiya. A cikin shekarata alif 1982, an zabe shi shugaban Indiya, ya gaji Neelam Sanjiva Reddy. A cikin shekarata alif 1986, ya yi amfani da veto na aljihu a kan Kudirin Ofishin Jakadancin Indiya (gyara) da Majalisa ta zartar. Singh ya yi ritaya a karshen wa'adinsa a shekarata alif 1987 kuma R. Venkataraman ya gaje shi a matsayin shugaban kasa.
Singh ya mutu a shekara ta alif 1994 sakamakon raunin da ya samu a wani hatsarin mota. An buga tarihin Singh a cikin shekarata alif 1997. An yi bikin cika shekaru ɗari da haihuwa a shekarar alif 2016 inda aka fitar da wani fim na gaskiya da kuma littafin tarihin rayuwarsa.
Marilyn Winder
Marilyn Winder ’yar Kanada ce mai tseren tsaunuka. Ta wakilci Kanada a wasannin nakasassu na lokacin hunturu na 1998, inda ta sami lambobin yabo uku: lambar azurfa ɗaya da lambobin tagulla biyu. Ta ci lambar azurfa a gasar Super-G B1,3 da kuma lambobin tagulla a cikin Giant Slalom B1,3 na mata da na Slalom B1,3 na mata.
Palmira Barbosa
Palmira Leitão de Almeida Barbosa, wanda ake yi wa lakabi da Mirita, an haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Nuwamba 1961, 'yar wasan ƙwallon hannu ce ta kasar Angola. Ta fara aikinta a Clube Ferroviário de Luanda a cikin shekarar 1980s kuma a cikin shekarar 1996 ta koma Petro Atlético. Ta shiga cikin tawagar kwallon hannu ta Angola a shekarar 1980, inda ta fara shiga gasar cin kofin duniya a Koriya ta Kudu a shekarar 1990. Tun daga nan ta sake buga gasar cin kofin duniya uku. A watan Fabrairun 2000, tana da shekaru 39, ta sanar da yin ritaya da kuma sha'awarta na neman aikin horarwa. Daga baya ta sake duba ta kuma taka leda har sau biyu tare da sabuwar kungiyar da aka kafa ta ENANA.
Nasarorin da aka samu
A tsawon rayuwarta ta lashe gasar zakarun kulob-kulob na Afirka 8 tare da Petro Atlético, Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka 4 na Angola, kofunan wasannin Afirka guda 3, da kuma shiga gasar cin kofin duniya 4 da wasannin Olympic 1 ( 1996 ).
A shekarar 1998, Hukumar Kwallon hannu ta Afirka ta zabe ta mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwallon hannu na mata a kowane lokaci.
Siyasa
A halin yanzu ita 'yar majalisa ce ta jam'iyyar MPLA mai mulki.
Bayan zaben Angola a 2022 an nada ta a matsayin ministar wasanni da matasa.
Han Xing
Han Xing (an haife ta a ranar 8 ga watan Nuwamban 1989) ƙwararriyar ƴar wasan ƙwallon tebur ce kuma ƴar ƙasar Kongo kuma haifaffar China. Ta yi takara a Kongo a Gasar Olympics ta bazara ta shekarar 2012 da Gasar Olympics ta Rio ta shekarar 2016.
Massadio Haïdara
Massadio Haïdara (an haife shi a ranar 2 ga watan Disamba 1992) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron baya ga ƙungiyar Lens ta Ligue 1. An haife shi a Faransa, yana buga wa tawagar kasar Mali tamaula.
Nancy
Haïdara ya fara wasansa na farko na kwararru a ranar 11 ga Disamba 2010 a wasan lig da Sochaux. A ranar 10 ga watan Janairu 2011, ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar ƙwararru na farko bayan ya amince da yarjejeniyar shekaru uku da Nancy.
Newcastle United
A ranar 25 ga Janairu 2013, Haïdara ya rattaba hannu a kulob din Newcastle United na Ingila na Premier League kan kudin da ba a bayyana ba (aka ruwaito £2). miliyan) ya zama dan wasan farko na Newcastle na tara da dan kasar Faransa kuma na hudu daga cikin 'yan wasan Faransa biyar da aka sanya hannu a cikin kasuwar musayar 'yan wasa ta Janairun 2013. na farko a Newcastle a ranar 21 ga Fabrairu 2013 a gasar Europa da Metalist Kharkiv.
Haïdara ya zo ne a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbin rabin lokaci a wasan da suka yi da Wigan Athletic a ranar 17 ga Maris 2013. Bayan 'yan mintoci kaɗan, an miƙe shi ne sakamakon bugun da Callum McManaman ya yi masa a gwiwa kuma aka kai shi asibiti; kuma ya koma mataki na farko a  11 a  Afrilu a Benfica. Alkalin wasa Mark Halsey bai ga abin da ya faru ba, don haka McManaman bai samu wani kati ba, kuma saboda daya daga cikin mataimakansa ya gani, duk da cewa ba a fili ba, hukumar kwallon kafa ta Ingila ta kasa daukar mataki. A karshen kakar wasa ta bana, an canza dokokinsu don ba da damar daukar mataki na baya-bayan nan "lokacin da jami'an wasan ba su da ikon tantance 'taron tare' na 'yan wasa."
A bayyanarsa ta farko a gasar kakar 2016–17 da Barnsley a ranar 7 ga Mayu 2017, ranar da Newcastle ta lashe gasar Championship. A kakar wasa ta gaba shi ma ya jira har zuwa wasan karshe na kakar a yin bayyanarsa ta farko a gasar, wannan lokacin da Chelsea.
Lens
A watan Yulin 2018, bayan kwantiraginsa da Newcastle United ta kare, Haïdara ya rattaba hannu kan canja wuri kyauta a kulob din Faransa RC Lens na Ligue 2, gasar Faransa ta biyu.
Ayyukan kasa
Haidara ya wakilci Faransa a matakin U21. A ranar 9 ga Nuwamba 2018, an kira shi zuwa tawagar kwallon kafa ta Mali. Ya buga wasansa na farko a Mali a ranar 26 ga Maris 2019 a wasan sada zumunci da Senegal, a matsayin dan wasa.
Girmamawa
Newcastle United
Kathy Pitcher
Kathy Pitcher ’yar Amurka ce mai tseren dutse. Ta wakilci Amurka a wasannin nakasassu na lokacin sanyi a 1988 a Innsbruck, Ostiriya a cikin tseren tsalle-tsalle.
No Peace Without Justice
Babu Zaman Lafiya Ba Tare da Adalci ba (NPWJ) ko Non C'è Pace Senza Giustizia (NPSG) ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta ta Italia, wacce Emma Bonino, ɗan siyasan Italiya, tsohon memba na Majalisar Tarayyar Turai kuma memba na Majalisar Dattawa ta yanzu ya kafa a shekarata 1993. NPWJ dogara ne a Roma, kuma shi ne memba na komitin na NGO hadin gwiwa domin kotun kasa da kasa (CICC) ya kuma bijiro da batun kafa jam'iyya na Nonviolent Magance M Party, an NGO da Janar (category I) da shawara Status a United Nations ECOSOC. Manyan shirye-shiryen sun hada da batun hukunta manyan laifuka na duniya, yi wa mata kaciya, dimokiradiyya ta MENA, gami da aikin Iraki. 'Yancin dan adam sun fi fuskantar barazana a yanayi na rikici, inda hatta kasashen duniya kan inganta matakan gajere da nufin dakatar da fadan, amma wanda ke haifar da karin rikici, cigaba da rashin hukunci da lalata dokar, sai dai idan sun bayar da alhakin laifuffukan. da kuma sasantawa ga wadanda abin ya shafa. Adalci, dimokiradiyya da bin doka da oda ginshikai ne na dorewar zaman lafiya ta hanyar tabbatar da 'yanci na gari da' yancin ɗan'adam. Ayyukan NPWJ na asali tun daga 1993 an tsara su ne don inganta kafa Kotun Hukunta Manyan Laifuffuka ta dindindin a matsayin wani ɓangare na ingantaccen tsarin hukunta masu aikata laifuka na duniya don rigakafin, hanawa da gurfanar da laifuffukan yaƙi, laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama da kisan kare dangi.
Shirin Kaciyar Mata
Shirin kaciyar mata, wanda aka fara shi a shekara ta 2000, ya yi bayani ne kan daya daga cikin yaduwar da kuma tsari na take hakkin dan'adam na mutuncin kansa, wanda aka aikata ga miliyoyin mata da 'yan mata a duk duniya, wanda kuma ba a kalubalance shi a karkashin hujjar mutunta al'adun gida. Abinda dai ake so ko Babbar manufar shirin FGM ita ce samar da yanayin siyasa, shari'a da zamantakewar al'umma wacce ke kalubalantar halaye da halaye a kan kaciyar tare da inganta watsi da ita, ta fuskar ingantawa da kuma kare hakkokin mata da 'yan mata, gami da inganta amincewa da aiwatar da Yarjejeniyar Maputo kan Hakkokin Mata a Afirka. Shirin yana inganta dabarun masu rajin kare hakkin mata da masu aikata fannoni da ke aiki a kan kaciyar mata FGM da kuma inganta sauye-sauye na shari'a a matsayin kayan aiki mai tasiri na canjin halaye domin juya akalar al'adun zamantakewar jama'a game da FGM.
Tsarin Dimokiradiyya na Gabas ta Tsakiya da Arewacin Afirka
Shirin dimokiradiyya na Gabas ta Tsakiya da Arewacin Afirka, wanda aka fara a shekarata 2003, ya kuma magance yanayin inda akasari keɓaɓɓun ƙa'idodi na duniya lungu da sako sau da yawa a keɓe da sunan kwanciyar hankali na siyasa da zato rashin dacewar al'adu. Babban manufar shirin MENA Demokradiyya shi ne inganta dabi'un dimokiradiyya, cibiyoyin sassaucin ra'ayi da budewa gwamnati ta hanyar kirkirar hanyoyin siyasa na tuntuba wadanda ke amincewa da wadanda ba ‘yan jihar ba, kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da kungiyoyin farar hula a matsayin halattaccen kuma takaddama mai dacewa don tattaunawa da cibiyoyin Jiha kan batutuwan sake fasalin dimokiradiyya. Ana gudanar da wannan shirin ne a matakin kasa da kuma na shiyya, tare da hadin gwiwar gwamnatoci da dama, da wadanda ba na gwamnati ba da kuma abokan hulda, da nufin samar da shawarwari masu inganci da karko da hanyoyin tattaunawa kan sake fasalin dimokiradiyya.
Aikin Iraq
A cikin tsarin MENA Demokradiyya, aikin Iraki, wanda aka fara a shekarata 2006, yana ba da gudummawa ga tsarin mulki da tsarin kafa hukumomi a Iraki ta hanyar inganta tattaunawa tsakanin shugabannin daga dukkanin bangarorin siyasa kan batutuwan da suka fi dacewa da siyasa, gami da musamman abin da ya dace na nauyi da iko a matakai daban-daban na Jihohi, Gundumomi, Gwamnoni, Garuruwa da wajaje. Ta hanyar samar da dama don muhawara a bayyane da sanarwa, aikin Iraki na da nufin taimakawa hanawa ko warware rikice-rikicen tattaunawar da kuma gano mafita mai dorewa.
Dubaru
Abubuwan fifiko don aiki don duk shirye-shiryen an zaɓi su bisa ga buƙatu kamar yadda aka ƙaddara a ƙasa, wanda ya haɗa da duk masu ruwa da tsaki a cikin ƙira da aiwatar da ayyuka. A cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari, NPWJ na wayar da kan jama'a da kuma inganta muhawara ta jama'a ta hanyar yakin neman zabe na siyasa da aiwatar da muhimman shirye-shirye, kamar taron kasa da kasa da na shiyya, wadanda galibi ake daukar nauyinsu tare da shirya su tare da Gwamnatin kasar da suke ciki, tare da karfafa kawance tsakanin cibiyoyin gwamnati, kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da sauran masu fada a ji a cikin al'umma, don samun damar mallakar masu ruwa da tsaki duk na siyasa da kuma sakamakon. NPWJ ta kuma dauki nauyin ba da taimako ta fuskar fasahar zamani, ta hanyar shigar da kwararrun masanan shari'a ga gwamnatoci don tsara dokoki da kuma taimakawa wajen tattaunawa a kan kayan kare hakkin bil adama na kasa da kasa. A ƙarshe, NPWJ ta sami ƙwarewar filin musamman a cikin "taswirar tashe-tashen hankula" da manyan takardu game da keta dokokin jin kai na ƙasa da ƙasa a yankunan da rikice-rikice ya shafa da kuma aiwatar da shirye-shiryen sadarwar kai da kai tsakanin al'ummomin cikin rikice-rikice da yankunan da ke bayan rikici kan batutuwan shari'ar masu aikata laifuka ta ƙasa da ƙasa.
Marianne Faithfull
Marianne Evelyn Gabriel Faithfull (an haife shi 29 Disamba 1946) mawaƙin dutsen Ingilishi ne. Ta sami shahara a shekarun 1960 tare da fitar da waƙar tata mai suna " As Tears Go By " kuma ta zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan mata masu fasaha a lokacin mamayewar Burtaniya a Amurka. An haife ta a Hampstead, London, Faithfull ta fara aikinta a cikin 1964 bayan halartar bikin Rolling Stones, inda Andrew Loog Oldham ya gano ta. Album dinta na halarta na farko Marianne Faithfull (1965) (wanda aka sake shi lokaci guda tare da kundi ta Ku zo My Way ) nasarar kasuwanci ce ta biyo bayan kundin albums da yawa akan Decca Records. Daga 1966 zuwa 1970, tana da kyakkyawar alaƙar soyayya da Mick Jagger. Shahararta ta kara haɓaka ta hanyar ayyukanta na fim, kamar waɗanda ke cikin Bazan taɓa mantawa da sunan suna ba (1967), Yarinya akan Babur (1968), da Hamlet (1969). Duk da haka, matsalolin sirri sun rufe shahararta a shekarun 1970s. A lokacin ta kasance mai ciwon kai, rashin gida, kuma ta kasance mai shan tabar heroin. An yi la'akari da muryarta ta musamman, Faithfull's a baya melodic da kuma mafi girman rajistar vocals (waɗanda suka yi yawa a duk lokacin aikinta a cikin 1960s) sun kamu da cutar laryngitis mai tsanani, tare da ci gaba da shan miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin shekarun 1970s, suna canza muryarta ta dindindin, ta bar shi raspy, fashe. da kuma raguwa a cikin sauti. Wannan sabon sautin ya sami yabo a matsayin "mai jiƙa" daga wasu masu suka kuma ana ganin ya taimaka wajen ɗaukar ɗanyen motsin rai da aka bayyana a cikin kiɗan Faithfull. Bayan doguwar rashi na kasuwanci, Faithfull ta sake dawowa tare da sakin 1979 na kundi nata mai ban mamaki Broken English. Kundin ya kasance nasara ta kasuwanci kuma ya nuna sake dawowar sana'arta ta kiɗa. Broken Turanci ya sami Faithfull a matsayin nadi don Kyautar Grammy don Mafi kyawun Ayyukan Rock na Mata kuma galibi ana ɗaukarta a matsayin "tabbatacciyar rikodi". Ta bi wannan tare da jerin kundin albums, gami da Abokan Hatsari (1981), Kasadar Yara (1983), da Yanayin Baƙi (1987). Faithfull kuma ta rubuta littattafai guda uku game da rayuwarta: Faithfull: An Autobiography (1994), Memories, Dreams & Reflections (2007), da Marianne Faithfull: A Life on Record (2014). An jera Faithfull akan jerin "Mafi Girman Mata 100 na Rock and Roll" na VH1. Ta sami lambar yabo ta Rayuwa ta Duniya a Kyautar Duniya ta Mata ta 2009 kuma gwamnatin Faransa ta sanya ta zama Kwamandan Ordre des Arts et des Lettres.
== Manazarta ==
Printing
Printing tsari ne don yawan sake buga rubutu da hotuna ta amfani da babban tsari ko samfuri. Farkon samfuran da ba takarda ba da suka haɗa da bugu sun haɗa da hatimin silinda da abubuwa kamar Cyrus Cylinder da Silinda na Nabonidus. Sigar da aka fi sani da bugu kamar yadda aka yi amfani da ita a takarda ita ce woodblock printing, wanda ta bayyana a China kafin 220 AD don buga zane. Duk da haka, ba za a yi amfani da shi a takarda ba har sai karni na bakwai. Daga baya abubuwan da suka faru a fasahar printing sun haɗa da nau'in motsi wanda Bi Sheng ya ƙirƙira a wajajen shekara ta 1040 AD da kuma na'urar bugawa da Johannes Gutenberg ya ƙirƙira a ƙarni na 15. Fasahar bugu ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ci gaban juyin-juya-hali da juyin-juya-hali na kimiya da kuma kafa ginshikin tattalin arziki na zamani wanda ya dogara da ilimin zamani da yaɗa ilmantarwa ga al'umma.
Woodblock printing
Woodblock printing wata dabara ce don buga rubutu, hotuna ko alamu waɗanda aka yi amfani da su a ko'ina cikin Gabashin Asiya. Ta samo asali ne a kasar Sin a zamanin da a matsayin hanyar bugawa a kan yadudduka kuma daga baya a kan takarda. A matsayin hanyar bugu akan zane, misalai na farko da suka tsira daga China sun kasance kafin 220 AD.
Farouk of Egypt
Farouk I ; فاروق الأول   Faruq al-Awwal ;an haifeshi a ranar 11 ga watan Fabrairu shekarata alif 1920 -zuwa ranar 18 ga watan Maris shekarata alif 1965) ya kasance sarki na goma a Masar daga daular Muhammad Ali kuma sarkin Masar na Masar da Sudan, wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa, Fuad I, a shekarata alif 1936.
Farouk ya mutu a gudun hijira a Italiya a shekara ta alif 1965.
Birzhan Zhakypov
Birzhan Zhakypov (an haife shi a ranar 7 ga watan Yulin 1984) ƙwararren ɗan dambe ne mai son ɗan dambe daga Kazakhstan, wanda aka fi sani da lashe lambar zinare mai sauƙi a gasar dambe ta duniya mai son wasan dambe na shekarar 2013.
Ya cancanci shiga gasar Olympics ta shekarar 2008 a birnin Beijing, inda ya doke Pál Bedák da Hovhannes Danielyan kafin ya sha kashi a hannun Zou Shiming (4:9).
A wasannin Asiya na shekarar 2010 ya doke Shin Jong-Hun kafin ya sha kashi a wasan ƙarshe da Zou Shiming.
A gasar damben duniya ta Amateur a shekarar 2011 ya yi rashin nasara a wasansa na farko da ɗan Cuban. Daga baya ya cancanci shiga gasar Olympics ta shekarar 2012 a Landan, inda ya doke Jérémy Beccu da Mark Anthony Barriga kafin ya sake yin rashin nasara a hannun Zou Shiming wanda ya lashe lambar zinare.
Umm kulthum
Um-Kulthum (31 Disamba 1898   - 3 Fabrairu 1975) mawaƙiyar Masar ce, marubuciya, kuma 'yar wasan fim mai aiki daga 1920s zuwa 1970s. An ba ta lakabi mai girma Kawkab al-Sharq ("Star of the East"). An yi mata suna a cikin "Mafi Girman Mawaƙa na Duk Lokaci 200" ' Rolling Stone, kuma tambarin ƙasa ce a ƙasarta ta Masar ; An yi mata lakabi da "Muryar Masar",   da " Pyramid na Hudu na Masar".
An haifi Umm Kulthum a ƙauyen Tamay e-Zahayra, na birnin Senbellawein, Dakahlia Governorate, a cikin Kogin Nilu ga dangin da ke da tushen addini kamar yadda mahaifinta Ibrahim El-Sayyid El-Beltagi limami ne. Daga cikin karkarar Masar, mahaifiyarta Fatmah El-Maleegi, matar gida ce. Ta koyi yadda ake rera waƙa ta wajen sauraron yadda mahaifinta ke koya wa yayanta Khalid. Tun tana ƙarama, ta nuna gwanintar waƙa na musamman. Ta hanyar mahaifinta, ta koyi karatun kur'ani, kuma an ruwaito cewa ta haddace dukan littafin. Kakanta shima sanannen karatun Alqur'ani ne sai ta tuna yadda mutanen garin suke saurarensa idan yana karatun Alqur'ani. Sa’ad da take ’yar shekara 12, da ya lura da ƙarfinta na waƙa, mahaifinta ya tambaye ta ta shiga ƙungiyar iyali, inda ta shiga a matsayin murya mai goyon baya, da farko tana maimaita abin da sauran suka rera. A kan dandamali ta sanya alkyabbar wani yaro tare da lullube kai don kawar da damuwar mahaifinta game da martabarta da ayyukan jama'a. Tana da shekaru 16, Mohamed Abo Al-Ela, sanannen mawaƙi ne, ya lura da ita, wanda ya koya mata tsohuwar waƙar Larabci. Bayan 'yan shekaru, ta hadu da shahararren mawaki kuma mai ba da labari Zakariyya Ahmad, wanda ya kai ta Alkahira. Ko da yake ta kai ziyara da dama a Alkahira a farkon shekarun 1920, ta jira har zuwa 1923 kafin ta koma can na dindindin. An gayyace ta a lokuta da dama zuwa gidan Amin Beh Al Mahdy, wanda ya koya mata wasan oud, irin na lute. Ta ƙulla dangantaka ta kud da kud da Rawheya Al-Mahdi, diyar Amin, kuma ta zama amininta na kusa. Ummu Kulthum ma ta halarci bikin diyar Rawheya, duk da cewa ta fi son kada ta fito a fili (a waje).
Filin shakatawa na Ruvubu
Filin shakatawa na Ruvubu wani wurin shakatawa ne na kasa a Burundi wanda yakai 508 km2 (196 sq mi) wanda aka kafa a 1980. Iyakokin sa suna cikin lardunan Karuzi, Muyinga, Cankuzo da Ruyigi. Gidan shakatawar ya shafi makwabta Tanzania a kudu, kwarin Kogin Ruvubu wanda shimfidar sa ta mamaye wannan yankin.
Tarihi
Filin shakatawa na Ruvubu ya samo sunan daga Kogin Ruvubu wanda ke ratsa tsayin wurin shakatawar. Wurin shakatawar shine yanki na ƙarshe na ƙarancin ciyawar ƙasa wanda ya taɓa mamaye mafi yawan yankin arewa maso gabashin Burundi. Gida ne ga wasu nau'o'in namun daji, musamman damina, kada mai kogin Nilu, bawon Cape, ruwa mai ruwa, nau'ikan duiker da yawa, nau'ikan birai guda biyar, da suka hada da bawon zaitun, biri mai kara, jan biri, ruwan goro, da Senegal bushbaby Kimanin nau'in tsuntsaye 200 aka rubuta a wurin shakatawar.
Nathalie Bizet
Nathalie Bizet (an haife ta 2 Oktoba 1966 a Beauvais) ita 'yar Faransa ce mai hawan doki. Ta ci lambar tagulla.
Aiki
A 1982, tana da shekaru 16, ta fara hawa a matsayin horon horo. Bayan haka, ta shiga kulob kuma ta fara hawan keke akai-akai.
A 1988, ta sayi dokinta na farko. Shekaru uku bayan haka, a shekarar 1991, ta shiga gasar da'irar kasa da kasa, kuma ta lashe lambar azurfa a jarrabawar tilas, a gasar cin kofin duniya.
A wasannin Paralympic na 1996 a Atlanta, ta sami lambar yabo ta tagulla. Ta fafata a Mixed Dressage Grade IV ta gama na bakwai, sannan a Mixed Kur Canter Grade IV ta zo ta tara. Lambar yabo ta ba ta damar shiga cikin 1997, ta shiga tsarin SNCF 'yan wasa a matsayin wakili na gudanarwa a Paris Rive Gauche.
A Wasannin Paralympic na 2000, ta yi gasa a Mixed Dressage - Championship Grade IV, da Mixed Dressage - Freestyle Grade IV.
A gasar wasannin nakasassu ta 2004 a Athens, ta yi gasa a Mixed Dressage - Championship Grade IV, da Mixed Dressage - Freestyle Grade IV.
A Wasannin Paralympic na 2008, ta fafata a Mixed Dressage - Freestyle Grade IV, da Mixed Dressage - Championship Grade IV.
A shekara ta 2002, ta kammala matsayi na takwas a gasar zakarun Turai, na shida da na takwas a cikin suturar dole da suturar kyauta.
Ta kuma rike kambun gasar Faransa 26.
Wesoła Lwowska Fala
Wesoła Lwowska Fala (Yaren mutanen Poland na Lwów's Merry Wave ) shiri ne na gidan Rediyon Poland Lwow wanda ake gudarwa a duk mako, Gidan Rediyon Poland ke watsa shi a kowace ranar Lahadi. Galibi dai shirin ya ƙunshi ‘yan kade-kade, zane-zane da raha, yana daya daga cikin shirye-shiryen gidan rediyon mafi shahara a Poland a tsakanin zamanin yakin duniya. An fara shirin a 1933, ya kasance a shirin yanar gizo har zuwa mamayewar Poland na 1939.
Nathalie Bizet
Aiki
Nathalie ta sami kyaututtuka sama da 500, gami da kusan nasarori 80 a tsakanin mahaya.
Wesoła Lwowska Fala
Kamar yadda shirin yake gudana na tsawon yini guda, wanda daya daga cikin reshen gidan Rediyon Poland ya shirya, maimakon ofishin babban edita, ya kasance sabon abu, asalin shirin ana watsa shi ne kusan a kyauta daga 'yan jaridu da ‘yan wasan barkwanci. Zuwa wani dan lokaci shirin ya zamo daya daga cikin sheirye-shiryen gidan rediyon Poland mafi shahara, wanda sananne ne a duk fadin ƙasa.
Kogin Rurubu
Kogin Ruvubu (wanda aka rubuta shi ma Rurubu da Ruvubu) kogi ne a tsakiyar Afirka wanda ruwansa ke tattarawa daga mafi nisa, yankin kudu na Kogin Nilu. Tare da tsawon tsawon kilomita 416 (258 mi) kuma yana da magudanan ruwa mai 14,000 km2 (5,400 sq mi). Tana tashi ne a arewacin Burundi, kusa da garin Kayanza sannan kuma ta yi baka ta kudu ta cikin Burundi, ta haɗu da Kogin Ruvyironza kusa da Gitega. Daga can ne yake tafiya arewa maso gabas, ta hanyar Filin shakatawa na Ruvubu, har zuwa iyakar Tanzania. Bayan an shimfida kan iyakar, Ruvubu ya tsallaka ya isa Tanzania, kafin ya haɗu da Kogin Nyabarongo a kan iyakar Tanzania da Rwanda kusa da Faɗuwar ruwan Rusumo, ya zama Kogin Kagera.
Ruvubu ya samo sunanta ne daga kalmar Kirundi don hippopatamus, imvubu, saboda kogin gida ne na yawan jama'ar hippos.
Interpol
Interpol
Kungiyar 'yan sanda ta kasa-da-kasa, wadda aka kafa a 7 ga watan Satumba a shekarar 1923 watau INTERPOL kungiya ce ta kasa da kasa wacce ke ba da damar hadin gwiwar 'yan sanda da sarrafa laifuka. Ita ce babbar kungiyar 'yan sanda ta duniya. Tana da hedikwata a Lyon, Faransa, tare da ofisoshin yanki guda bakwai a duk duniya, da kuma Babban Ofishin Babban Ofishin ƙasa a cikin ƙasashe mambobi 195.
Bonn
Birnin Bonn na tarayya birni ne, da ke bakin kogin Rhine da ke cikin jihar North Rhine-Westphalia a ƙasar Jamus, mai yawan jama'a sama da 300,000. Kimanin kilomita 24 (mita 15) kudu-maso-kudu-maso-gabas na Cologne, Bonn yana cikin kudu maso gabashin yankin Rhine-Ruhr, yanki mafi girma na Jamus, tare da mazauna sama da miliyan 11. Birni ne na jami'a, shine wurin haifuwar Ludwig van Beethoven kuma shine babban birnin Jamus ta Yamma daga 1949 zuwa 1990. Bonn ita ce kujerar gwamnatin sake haɗewar Jamus daga 1990 zuwa 1999.
An kafa shi a karni na 1 BC a matsayin mazaunin Romawa a lardin Germania Inferior, Bonn yana ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin biranen Jamus. Babban birni ne na Zaɓe na Cologne daga 1597 zuwa 1794, mazaunin Archbishop da Prince-electors na Cologne. Daga 1949 zuwa 1990, Bonn ita ce babban birnin Jamus ta Yamma, kuma an ayyana kundin tsarin mulkin Jamus na yanzu, wato Basic Law, a cikin birnin a 1949. Zamanin da Bonn ya zama babban birnin Jamus ta Yamma masana tarihi suna kiransa da Jamhuriyar Bonn.
Majalisar Tsaro ta Kasa (Nijar)
Samuwa
Da yammacin ranar 26 ga watan Yulin 2023, sojojin saman Niger Kanar-manjo Amadou Abdramane ya tafi ta gidan talabijin na gwamnati Télé Sahel inda ya yi ikirarin cewa an cire shugaba Mohamed Bazoum, wanda a baya jami'an tsaron fadar shugaban kasar suka tsare a fadarsa da ke Yamai babban birnin kasar, an cire shi daga mulki tare da sanar da kafa gwamnatin mulkin soji. A zaune tare da wasu jami’ai tara sanye da gajiyayyu, ya ce jami’an tsaro da na tsaro sun yanke shawarar hambarar da gwamnatin Bazoum “saboda tabarbarewar tsaro da rashin shugabanci." Ya kuma sanar da rusa kundin tsarin mulkin kasar, da dakatar da hukumomin gwamnati, da rufe iyakokin kasar, da kuma dokar hana fita daga karfe 22:00 zuwa 05:00 agogon kasar, inda ya yi gargadi kan duk wani tsoma bakin kasashen waje.
A ranar 27 ga watan Yuli, Kanar Abdramane ya ba da sanarwar a gidan talabijin cewa za a dakatar da dukkan ayyukan jam'iyyun siyasa a kasar har sai wani lokaci. Rundunar sojin Nijar ta fitar da wata sanarwa mai dauke da sa hannun babban hafsan hafsan sojin kasar Janar Abdou Sidikou Issa, inda ta bayyana goyon bayanta ga juyin mulkin, inda ta bayyana bukatar kiyaye mutuncin shugaban kasar da iyalansa tare da kaucewa “mummunar arangama da ka iya haifar da zubar da jini da kuma shafar tsaron jama’a.
Scholars at Risk
Masana a Hadarin (SAR) ne a Amurka na tushen kasa da kasa na cibiyar sadarwa na ilimi cibiyoyin shirya ga goyon baya da kuma kare ka'idojin 'yancin samun ilmi, kuma don kare hakkin dan Adam na malamai a duniya. Membobin ƙungiyar sun haɗa da cibiyoyin ilimi sama da 530 a cikin ƙasashe 42.
Tarihi
An kafa Malamai masu Hadari a lokacin shirin Kare Hakkin Dan-Adam a Jami'ar Chicago a shekarata 1999 inda aka fara tare da babban taro a watan Yunin 2000. Yana da hedkwatarsa a cikin harabar Greenwich Village na Jami'ar New York. Rob Quinn shine darektan Masana a Hadarin. In 2001, Scholars at Risk joined with other international education and human rights organizations to launch the Network for Education and Academic Rights (NEAR). When NEAR disbanded SAR continued this work through its Academic Freedom Media Review, Scholars-in-Prison Project and Academic Freedom Monitoring Project.
A cikin shekarata 2002, SAR tayi aiki tare da Cibiyar Ilimi ta Duniya wacce aka kafa Asusun Ceto Masanin Ilimi na IIE. Asusun na bayar da tallafin kudi ga malaman da ke fuskantar mummunar barazana ta yadda za su iya tserewa daga mummunan yanayi kuma su ci gaba da aikin karatunsu cikin aminci.
Daga shekarata 2007 zuwa 2010, SAR ta jagoranci jerin bitoci don samar da aminci, buɗaɗɗen taro don masana da masu ba da shawara daga ko'ina cikin duniya don tattaunawa kan girman yanki na 'yanci na ilimi da ƙalubalen da aka fuskanta, da haɓaka haɓaka martani. Waɗannan sun haifar da ci gaban tsarin karatun 'yanci na ilimi kuma a cikin 2011 zuwa kungiyoyin wucin gadin yancin Ilimi, waɗanda suka yi bincike game da kariya ga freedomancin ilimi a ƙarƙashin dokar' yancin ɗan adam ta duniya.
A shekarata 2012, SAR launched the Academic Freedom Monitoring Project, through which volunteer researchers document attacks on higher education in specific countries or regions which are then published in a report. The first Free to Think report was published in 2015 and since then it has been published annually.
A cikin shekarata 2014, SAR ta sake ƙaddamar da Seminar Ba da Shawarar Studentalibai, wani yunƙuri wanda ta hanyar masu binciken malamai ke taimaka wa ɗalibai haɓaka ci gaba da dabarun bayar da shawarwari yayin binciken hare-hare kan al'ummomin ilimi.
Ayyuka
An shirya ayyukan SAR a ƙarƙashin manyan ginshiƙai guda uku: Kariya, Ba da Shawara da Ilmantarwa.
Shawara
Masu ilmi a Hadarin suna ba da shawara a madadin masana ilimi, marubuta, masu zane-zane, da sauran masu hankali waɗanda ke fuskantar barazanar a cikin ƙasashensu. SAR ta shirya kamfen na duniya don tallafawa malamai da ɗaliban da ke kurkuku. Yana shigar da ɗalibai a cikin Seminar Ba da Shawarar Studentalibai da kuma Cibiyoyin Shari'a don koyon ainihin binciken duniya da ƙwarewar ba da shawara. Adam Braver a Jami'ar Roger Williams shine Mai Gudanar da Seminar da'awar. A cikin ranakun Bayar da Shawarar Studentalibai na Amurka suma an shirya su. SAR kuma tana gudanar da bincike tare da cibiyar yanar gizo na masu bincike na sa kai don Tsarin Kula da 'Yanci na Ilimi.
Tsarin Kula da 'Yanci na Ilimi
Aikin sa ido ya tattara da bayanai game da ayyana hare-hare kan ilimi mafi girma. Waɗannan an tattara su ta hanyar masu bayar da gudummawa waɗanda ke ba da rahoto da nazarin abubuwan da suka faru, bin diddigin tushe da shaidu da kuma taimakawa wajen samar da martanin bayar da shawarwari. Kowace shekara ana buga rahoton 'Yanci don tunani da ke nuna waɗannan abubuwan da suka faru.
Koyo
SAR tana shirya abubuwa da yawa waɗanda ke tallafawa koyo game da yancin ilimi, kamar taron shekara-shekara na Duniya, taron karawa juna ilimi / masu bincike, jerin masu magana da kakakin SAR, ƙungiyoyin bincike, bita kan inganta ƙimar ilimi mai girma. SAR kwanan nan ta kirkiro MOOC mai suna Tambayoyi masu Hadari tare da haɗin gwiwar Jami'ar Oslo.
Tsarin
In 2003, the network headquarters relocated from the University of Chicago to the New York City campus of New York University. In 2018 a European office was opened in Ireland at Maynooth University. SAR has sections in different countries which coordinate activities of SAR members in that country.
SAR Sashe
A cikin shekarata 2005, SAR da abokan haɗin gwiwa sun fara shirya 'sassan' SAR da 'cibiyoyin sadarwar abokan hulɗa' a duk duniya, gina al'umma a duniya sun yi alƙawarin taimakawa masana da haɓaka yancin ilimi a ko'ina. An kafa sassan SAR a cikin Isra'ila (2005, yanzu yana barci), United Kingdom (2006, tare da CARA), Netherlands (2009, tare da UAF), Ireland (2009, tare da Jami'o'in Ireland), Norway (2011), Kanada (2012), Switzerland (2015), Sweden (2016), Jamus (2016), Finland (2017), Amurka (2018), Denmark (2019), Italia (2019), da Slovakia (2019), yayin da aka kafa cibiyoyin haɗin gwiwa tare da pre -wadatar cibiyoyin ilimi mafi girma a Turai, Gabas ta Tsakiya da Afirka.
Haɗin kai da haɗin gwiwa
Masana cikin Hadari suna kula da alaƙa da haɗin gwiwa tare da sauran ƙungiyoyi da ƙungiyoyi tare da manufofi masu alaƙa.