cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Harrison Bungwon
Gada
As the second indigenous Royal Father to rule over the Atyap Nation, Agwam Dr. H. Y. Bungwon had a great responsibility meeting the expectations of Atyap and her neighbours. In his own words: "“I am glad my own experience working in the public sector, and as one time, Dean of a school, provided me with the opportunity to have dialogue with many leaders.”"Amma yana da hangen nesa. A cikin hangen nesan sa, ya ba da kyakkyawan misali, ba ga sauran manyan sarakuna ba, har ma ga shugabanni a jihar.
A rasuwar Bungwon, dan majalisa mai wakiltar mazaɓar tarayya ta Zangon Kataf/Jaba, Barr. Sunday Marshall Katung ya bayyana shi a matsayin mai son zaman lafiya wanda a cikin kalmomin sa ya kara da cewa. . .:.
Mabudi
Mabudi ko Maɓalli na iya komawa zuwa:
Noah Sonko Sundberg
Noah Sonko Sundberg (an haife shi a ranar 6 ga watan Yunin 1996) a kasar Gambiya. ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon kwallon ƙafa ne wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron baya ga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Farko Levski Sofia. Tsohon matasa na kasa da kasa na Sweden, ya taka leda a tawagar kasar ￼￼Gambia.￼
Aikin kulob/ƙungiya
An ba da shi aro ga abokin wasan Allsvenskan GIF Sundsvall a cikin shekarar 2016 da 2017, kasancewarsa muhimmin memba na kungiyarsu tare da dan wasan tsakiya Marcus Danielsson.
A ranar 9 ga watan Janairun 2018, Sonko Sundberg ya koma Östersunds FK kan yarjejeniyar dindindin daga AIK, ya rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekara hudu da sabon kulob dinsa.
A ranar 4 ga watan Nuwamba 2021, Sonko Sundberg ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru 2,5 tare da kulob din Bulgarian Levski Sofia, wanda zai fara aiki a ranar 1 ga watan Janairu 2022, da zarar kwantiraginsa da Östersunds ya kare.
Ayyukan kasa
A watan Satumba na 2013, an zaɓi Sonko Sundberg zuwa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasa da ƙasa ta Sweden wacce za ta fafata a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA U-17 na 2013. A ranar 2 ga watan Oktoba, 2020, Gambiya ta kira shi. Ya yi karo/haɗu da Gambia a wasan sada zumunci da suka doke Congo da ci 1-0 a ranar 9 ga watan Oktoba 2020.
Girmamawa
Sweden U17
Ahmed Moharran
Ahmed H. Moharran ɗan ƙasar Masar ne mai nutsewa. Ya yi takara a cikin abubuwa biyu a gasar Olympics ta bazarar 1960.
Collins Mbesuma
Aikin kulob
An haifi Mbesuma a Luanshya. Mahaifinsa, Francis Kajiya, shi ma ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na ƙungiyoyin Zambiya; Green Buffaloes FC da Ndola United FC da kuma tawagar kasar daga ƙarshen shekarun 1970 zuwa farkon shekarar 1980s.
Sunan "Mbesuma" ya samo asali ne daga mahaifinsa wanda ya raine shi saboda ba mahaifinsa Kajiya ya raine shi ba.
Mbesuma ya fara buga wa Zambiya wasa ne a shekara ta 2003, kuma ya lashe wasanni huɗu a ƙarshen wannan shekarar, yayin da a lokaci guda kuma ya kasance babban memba a kungiyar 'yan kasa da shekara 23 ta Zambiya da ta kusa samun tikitin shiga gasar Olympics ta Athens.
Ƙwallon da ya yi a gasar Olympics ya dauki hankalin Kaizer Chiefs wanda ya saye shi a watan Janairu daga Roan United da ke Zambiya, inda ya ci a kowane wasa.
Mbesuma an nada shi PSL Player of the Season a cikin shekarar 2005 bayan ya zira ƙwallaye 35 masu ban sha'awa a kakar wasa ɗaya tare da Kaizer Chiefs. Bayan irin wannan nasarar da aka samu an tabbatar da komawa ga gasar lig mafi daraja, kuma hakika ya isa ya kama ido Sam Allardyce, manajan Bolton Wanderers ( Le Mans UC72 ya nemi ya rattaba hannu a kansa amma matsalolin gudanarwa ba su bari Mbesuma ya shiga Faransa ba. ). Duk da haka, Mbesuma ya yi jinkirin yin gwaji a kulob ɗin, yana jin cewa an riga an tabbatar da ingancinsa, don haka wannan ya ba kocin Portsmouth Alain Perrin damar kulla yarjejeniya ta shekaru uku a lokacin rani na 2005. Matsalolin izinin aiki saboda ƙarancin ƙima na ƙasarsa ya sa ba a ba shi izinin shiga ƙungiyar ba har sai lokacin da za a fara kakar wasa ta farko.
An lura cewa ya bayyana ƙiba a farkon kakar wasa lokacin da yake taka leda a ƙungiyar ajiyar. Mbesuma bai fara wasa da Portsmouth ba; ya zo ne kawai don jimlar gajeriyar bayyanar wasanni huɗu, duk a farkon rabin kakar 2005–2006. A cikin watan Yulin 2006, ya fara lamuni mai tsawo na kakar wasa tare da CS Marítimo inda ya bayyana cewa yana sake dawo da tsarinsa - jefa ƙwallo a raga a farkon kakar wasa kuma yana karbar Swan d'Or, kyautar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Portugal na wata-wata. Sai dai kuma ba da jimawa ba siffarsa ta zube kuma burinsa ya kare a jimlar kwallaye bakwai kawai. Ya koma Portsmouth a watan Yunin 2007 bayan ya buga wasanni 23 ga tawagar Portugal.
Canja wurinsa daga Kaizer Chiefs zuwa Portsmouth a watan Agusta 2005 yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda rahoton binciken Stevens a watan Yunin 2007 ya nuna damuwa, saboda sa hannun wakili Willie McKay.
A ranar 4 ga watan Agustan 2007, an sanar da cewa Bursaspor ya sanya hannu kan Mbesuma akan adadin da ba a bayyana ba.
A ranar 17 ga watan Satumbar 2007, Bursaspor ta ci tarar Mbesuma Yuro 5000 saboda rashin komawa kan lokaci zuwa sansaninsa na Turkiyya bayan ya taimakawa Zambiya ta doke Afirka ta Kudu a wasan neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin Afrika. Irin wannan hali na Mbesuma an yi Allah wadai da shi kuma Hukumar FAZ ta Zambiya ta bayyana shi a matsayin rashin alhaki. Mbesuma yana da dogon suna na rashin kula da lokaci. Wannan matsalar ta samo asali ne tun lokacin da ya ke taka leda a kasar Zambiya Roan United. A cikin watan Janairun 2008, an bar Mbesuma daga cikin tawagar 'yan wasan kasar Zambiya a gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka na shekarar 2008 bayan an bayyana shi ba ya cancanta. A ranar 23 ga Mayun 2008, Mbesuma tare ya ƙare kwangilarsa da Bursaspor kuma ya sanya hannu tare da Mamelodi Sundowns. Bayan wani yanayi mai ban sha'awa a Mamelodi Sundowns sannan Moroka Swallows FC ya kare kwantiraginsa a ƙarshen watan Yunin 2010. Bayan ya yi rashin kulob na tsawon watanni da yawa ya koma Golden Arrows a ranar 20 ga Disambar 2010 don yarjejeniyar watanni shida. Ya zura ƙwallayen sa na farko a ragar Amazulu a ranar 16 ga Janairun 2011.
A ranar 16 Agustan 2012, Mbesuma ya shiga Orlando Pirates akan kwangilar shekaru uku, amma a cikin Yulin 2014 ya koma Mpumalanga Black Aces.
A cikin Satumbar 2016, ya zama ɗan wasa na biyar kawai a cikin zamanin PSL don zira ƙwallaye 100 na gasar.
Manazarta
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John Osborn (ɗan siyasa)
Sir John Holbrook Osborn (14 Disamba 1922 - 2 Disamba 2015) ɗan siyasan ne na jam'iyyar Conservative a Biritaniya.
Osborn yayi karatu a Makarantar Rugby da Trinity Hall, Cambridge. Ya kasance ɗan Majalisar Sheffield Hallam daga 1959 zuwa 1987, kafin Irvine Patnick. Sir John kuma dan Majalisar Tarayyar Turai ne daga 1975 zuwa 1979. An ba shi lamba yabo a wurin taron Girmama na Maulidin 1983.
An yi hira da Osborn a shekara ta 2012 a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin tarihin baka na Tarihin dan Majalisa n.
Anya Chalotra
Farkon rayuwa
Chalotra an haife ta ne daga mahaifinta dan Indiya a mahaifiyarta Kuma yar Ingila ce.
Ta girma ne a ƙauyen Lower Penn a South Staffordshire, Ingila, inda ta zauna tare da iyayenta da 'yan uwanta biyu, babbar' yar uwanta da kanwa. Chalotra kammala ta makaranta a St. Dominic ta Grammar School for Girls a Brewood, kuma daga baya horar a London Academy of Music kuma ban mamaki Art (LAMDA), kuma da Guildhall School of Music kuma Drama.
Aiki
Chalotra ta fito a fina-finan West End da suka hada da Much Ado About Nothing da kuma The Village.
A cikin 2019, Chalotra ta fito a babban aiki kamar Yennefer na Vengerberg a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo na Netflix The Witcher. Fim mai dogon Zangon da aka shirya a ranar 20 ga Disamba 2019.
George Abbey
George Abbey (an haife shi a shekara ta 1978 a Port Harcourt) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Nijeriya. Ya buga wasan ƙwallo ma Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙasar Nijeriya daga shekarar 2003 zuwa shekarar dubu biyu da bakwai 2007.
Burga
Hinggan shine nau'in Manchu na Khingan, sunan Monolian jerin tsaunuka na iyaka. Yanzu galibi yana nufin:
A cikin mahallin Manchu, yana iya nufin:
Akshay Kumar
Akshay Kumar (an haife shi 9 ga Satumba 1967) jarumin fina-finan Indiya ne kuma furodusa. Yana zaune a Mumbai. An san Kumar da shahararrun fina-finai. Kumar kwanan nan mai lakabin ga Shirye shiryen talabijin na harshen Hindi gidajen wuta: Dark na Moon. Kumar ya kasance dan wasan murya don rawar Optimus Prime. Wannan shine ɗayan manyan haruffa a fim ɗin. Ya yi rawar dubbu a matsayin kyauta ga ɗansa, Aarav. Optimus Prime shine halin da Aarav ya fi so saboda haka Kumar yayi shi kyauta. Kumar shi ne dan wasa na uku da ya fi samun kudi a Bollywood a shekarar 2015. Ya kafa kansa a matsayin babban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na zamani a fim din Hindi.
A matsayin shugaban samarwa
A cikin 2009, Kumar ya kafa kamfanin samar da Nishaɗi na Hari Om. A cikin 2012, Kumar ya ƙaddamar da gidansa na gaba don samar da Hotuna. Abinda suka fara yi, OMG - Oh My God!, yana da jinkirin buɗewa, amma saboda maganar baki sai ya ɗauka sannan kuma aka ayyana mai babbar nasara.
Makaranta
Akshay yayi karatu a makarantar Don Bosco high school.
Aure
Akshay Yana da matar aure Mai suna twinkle Khanna suna da Yara da ita.
Bikin Kamun Kifi na Argungu
Bikin kamun kifi na Argungu ko kuma Bakin rawar Argungu biki ne na shekara hudu a kowace shekara a jihar Kebbi, a yankin arewa maso yammacin Arewacin Najeriya. Yankin ya kunshi yankuna masu albarkar kogi na (matan fada, mala, gamji), tare da yawan ban ruwa da gonaki (lambu a Hausance). Mafi yawan masunta mabiya addinin Musulunci ne kuma galibi manoma. Gidan kayan gargajiya na Kanta shine babbar cibiyar tarihi a Argungu don baƙi a duk faɗin duniya. Mutane daga ko'ina cikin duniya suna zuwa Argungu don kawai su halarci bikin. Babban dalilin bikin kamun kifin na Argungu shi ne na kamun kifi da hadin kai.
Tarihi
Bikin ya fara ne tun a shekara ta 1934, a matsayin wata alama ta kawo karshen dadaddiyar rashin jituwa tsakanin Shekaru Caliphate da Masarautar Kebbi.
A shekara ta 2005, kifin da ya ci nasara lashe gasar, kifin yanada nauyin 75 Kg, kuma yana buƙatar mazaje huɗu dan ɗora shi akan ma'aunin. A shekara ta 2006 bikin ya hana kamun kifi saboda matsalolin tsaro da suka shafi karancin ruwa. Mahimmancin bikin ga tattalin arziki ya sa gwamnati ta kiyaye kifin ta hanyar hana amfani da gidan sauro da raga. An caccaki aikin Zauro polder, shirin ban ruwa a cikin kogin Rima da ke kudu da Argungu saboda tafkin yana barazanar ambaliyar wurin gargajiya na bikin.
Kudupu
Kudupu, Wanda aka fi sani da Kudpi birni ne, da ke a cikin jihar Karnataka ta Indiya, kusan 10. km daga tsakiyar birnin Mangalore, akan hanyar Mangalore - Moodabidri - Karkala (NH#13).
Bikin Kamun Kifi na Argungu
Gasa
Manufa Bikin yana da dalilai da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da: dan kamun kifi, dan haɗin kai, abokanta da kuma nishaɗi.
Kudupu
Tarihi
Kudupu ya samo sunansa ne daga kalmar Tulu ‘Kudupu’ ma’ana kwando da aka yi da busasshen mazubin daji wanda ake amfani da shi wajen zubar da ruwa bayan tafasa shinkafar. 'Yan asali zuwa yankin Karnataka na bakin teku.
Kudupu sananne ne don haikalin maciji - Sri Ananta Padmanabha Temple, ɗaya daga cikin fitattun naga-kshetras a yankin.
Temple yana ƙarƙashin gyare-gyare daga 2016 har zuwa Fabrairu 2018. Brahmakalashotsava, bikin da ke nuna alamar kammala gyaran haikalin an gudanar da shi daga 18 - 25 ga Fabrairu 2018. An kira wannan Brahmakalashotsava a matsayin bikin karni a tarihin haikalin, kamar yadda gyaran haikalin yakan faru sau ɗaya cikin shekaru ɗari.
Biki
Ga wasu daga cikin manyan bukukuwan da ake yi a haikalin
Tsarin Haikali
Babban abin bautawa Ubangiji Anantha Padmanabha a cikin babban tsarki, yana fuskantar yamma. Naga Bana (wurin allahntakar maciji) ko da yake yana gabashin ɓangaren haikalin yana fuskantar yamma. Sama da Gumakan Maciji dari uku ne a wannan Naga Bana. Tafki mai tsarki Bhadra Saraswathi Thirtha yana gefen hagu na haikalin. A gaban haikalin akwai ƙaramin wurin ibada guda ɗaya da aka keɓe ga Sub-Allahu Jarandaya. A bayan babban tsattsarkan wurin akwai Sub-deity Shree Devi da Lord Mahaganapathi a yankin kudu. Wani tsattsarka mai tsattsauran ra'ayi yana cikin haikalin kusa da akwai gunkin dutse na Ubangiji Subramanya kuma ko wane gefen babban tsarki akwai gumaka na dutse da aka keɓe ga Jaya da Vijaya (mutumin masu gadi na Allah). A gefe a gaban haikalin akwai Valmika Mantapa ɗaya a kowane gefen wanda akwai wuraren ibada na Ayyappan da Navagriha.
Abubuwan Kyauta a Haikali (ಸೇವೆಗಳು)
Jerin sevas da aka yi a haikalin
Ashlesha Bali
Ashlesha Bali yana daya daga cikin mahimman Seva a cikin haikalin. Sai dai ranakun Ekadashi da bikin shekara-shekara a duk sauran kwanaki ana iya yin wannan seva. Wannan seva yana farawa da yamma karfe 5 na yamma kuma yana ƙarewa da misalin karfe 6:30 na yamma Tunda za'a yi gudun hijira mai nauyi don seva a ranar Ashlesha Nakshatra seva zai ci gaba har zuwa karfe 11:00 na dare. A ranar ne kawai za a ba da abincin dare ga masu ibada da mahalarta. Bayar da kulawar mutum ɗaya ga mahalarta wannan seva shine ƙwarewar wannan Kshetra.
Tatsuniyoyi (ಪುರಾಣ)
Da zarar an sami wani malami Brahmin Vedic da ake kira 'Kedar' wanda ya kasance mai bin addini sosai, mai kirki kuma mai bin addini. Amma ya damu matuka da rashin haihuwa. Tunanin cewa albarkar Waliyi ita ce makoma ta ƙarshe don samun ɗa da ya yi yawo a ko'ina yana neman wani irin wannan waliyi. A ƙarshe bincikensa ya ci tura lokacin da ya sadu da wani mai tsarki mai suna 'Shringa Muni' kusa da wani ƙaramin kogi 'Bhadra Saraswathi Thirtha' a tsakiyar wani babban daji. Ya yi sujada ga wani waliyyi ya sanya dalilinsa na damuwa. Jin haka sai wani waliyyi ya ce masa ka tsaya a can ka fara tuba game da Ubangiji Subramanya wanda zai cika burinka. Saint ya kuma yi masa cikakken bayani game da tsarkin wurin da kogin.
Kedar ya karɓi nasihar waliyyi ya tsaya a can ya fara tuba mai ƙarfi game da Ubangiji Subramanya tare da himma da sadaukarwa. Cikin tuba ya mance komai na kewaye da shi da kansa. Ya ci gaba har tsawon shekaru. Yayin da tubansa ya yi tsanani sai ya haifar da wani irin zafi mai zafi a kewaye kuma ya bazu ko'ina har zuwa sama. Devatas, mutane, dabbobi sun sami wahalar ci gaba. Kowa ya fara damuwa game da makomar gaba idan ta ci gaba a haka. Damuwa game da tubansa Devatas ya tafi Satyaloka don ganin Ubangiji Brahma ya gaya masa halin da ake ciki. Tunanin cewa Ubangiji Mahavishnu ne kawai zai iya gyara matsalar Ubangiji Brahma tare da Devatas ya sadu da shi kuma ya yi cikakken bayani game da halin da ake ciki. Jin wannan Ubangiji Mahavishnu ya ce Kedar yana yin bimbini game da Ubangiji Subramanya kuma shi kaɗai ne zai iya ba da maganin wannan matsalar. Ubangiji Mahavishnu ya yi wa Brahma da Devatas alkawari cewa zai sadu da Subramanya kuma saboda haka ya sadu da shi kuma ya gaya masa cewa Kedar yana yin zuzzurfan tunani a kansa tare da sha'awar samun ɗa guda ɗaya wanda zai iya cika shi kawai. Ya kuma roki Lord Subramanya ya bayyana gaban Kedar ya albarkace shi da yaro. Amma Ubangiji Subramanya ya gaya cewa babu wani yaro a cikin makomar Kedar kuma ya cancanci ceto kawai. Amma bisa roƙon Ubangiji Mahavishnu, Subramanya ya bayyana a gaban Kedar ya albarkace shi da yara. Kedar ya yi farin ciki sosai kuma yana tsammanin yaron da ya zauna kusa da kogin Bhadra Thirtha da kansa yana bimbini da bauta wa Ubangiji Subramanya.
Bayan wata rana matar Kedar ta ga maciji yana kwance ƙwai, ta yi tunanin ko macizai suna da sa'a na haihuwa kuma sun damu sosai game da makomarta idan aka kwatanta da macijin. Shekara ta wuce kuma matar Kedar ta yi ciki kuma ma'aurata sun yi farin ciki da tsammanin haihuwa. Amma bayan wata tara sai ga su da kowa sun yi mamaki matar Kedar ta kawo kwai uku wanda ya fi kama da kwayan maciji. Devatas ya yi tunanin waɗannan ƙwai ba kome ba ne face cikin jiki na Ubangiji Mahavishnu, Ubangiji Mahashesha da Ubangiji Subramanya kuma ya yi farin ciki sosai.
Amma Kedar bai ji dadi ba. Ko bayan tsantsar tuba idan Allah ya albarkace shi da wadannan qwai tun yana yara ba komai bane illa kaddara kuma sakamakon ayyukan da suka gabata. A wannan lokacin sai ya ji wata murya ta Ubangiji tana fitowa daga ether tana cewa wadannan ƙwai ba komai ba ne, sai dai halittar Ubangiji Mahavishnu, da Ubangiji Mahashesha da Ubangiji Subramanya domin ci gaban duniya. Har ila yau, ta gane cewa ba shi da ƙarin ’ya’ya kuma ta shawarce shi da ya kafa qwai a asirce a wurin da ya tuba ga Ubangiji Subramanya. Ya albarkaci wuri da kogi a matsayin wuri mai tsarki kuma duk wanda ya yi wanka a cikin kogin za a albarkace shi da 'ya'ya kuma ya kuɓuta daga kowace cuta da zunubi. Muryar Allah ta kuma ba shi shawarar ya zauna a wannan wuri mai tsarki yana bauta wa Ubangiji Anantha Padmanabha (wani sunan Ubangiji Mahavishnu) kuma ya albarkace shi da ceto a ƙarshen rayuwarsa.
Jin wannan muryar sai Kedar ya yi farin ciki sosai, ya ajiye waɗannan ƙwai a cikin kwandon da aka saƙa da raƙuman daji mai suna Kudupu a cikin harshen gida kuma ya ɓoye a asirce a wurin da yake yin tunani a kan Ubangiji Subramanya. Ya shafe sauran rayuwarsa yana bimbini ga Ubangiji Anantha Padmanabha kuma ya sami ceto a ƙarshen rayuwarsa. Yanzu a wannan wurin an shuka tururuwa kuma ana kiran wurin da sunan Shree Kshetra Kudupu. Wani ƙaramin kogi mai suna Bhadra Saraswathi Thirtha yana zaune kusa da haikalin kansa.
Labari game da gina haikalin
Wani Sarki mai suna Shurasena ya yi wani abu da bai dace ba sai zunubin da wannan aika-aikar ya yi masa ya wulakanta shi sosai har ya rasa natsuwa. Ya tambayi malaman Vedic daban-daban, firistoci don maganin yadda za a fita daga wannan zunubi. Amma malaman Brahmin Vedic sun ce masa ya sare hannuwansa da kansa, domin ainihin dalilin zunubin hannunsa ne kawai kuma suka shawarce shi da ya bauta wa Ubangiji Mahavishnu. Sarki ya yarda da shawarar kuma ya yi haka. Ya yi hannaye guda biyu na zinariya ya yi musu ado a madadin hannayensa da suka ɓace. Amma duk da kaffararsa ya damu sosai da bacewar hannayensa.
Wata rana yayin da yake dabbar farauta a cikin daji tare da sojojinsa, ya isa wurin mai tsarki da kwanciyar hankali na Bhadra Saraswathi Thirtha. Yanayin kwanciyar hankali na kewayen Bhadra Thirtha ya burge shi sosai. Ya yi mamakin ganin kayan aikin pooja da aka yi a kusa da Thirtha. A halin yanzu ya tuna da shawarar da Malaman Brahmin Vedic suka bayar game da bautar da za a yi wa Ubangiji Mahavishnu. Sa'an nan ya zauna a can ya fara bauta wa Ubangiji Mahavishnu. Yayin da yake bauta mai tsanani, Ubangiji Mahavishnu ya bayyana a gabansa ya yi tambaya game da bukatunsa. Sarki ya nemi a maido masa da hannunsa da ya bata. Da jin haka Ubangiji Mahavishnu ya gaya masa ya gina haikali ɗaya a cikin yini ɗaya kuma za a maye gurbin hannunsa a matsayin ɗa yayin da aka kammala ginin haikalin.
Sarki Shurasena ya yi farin ciki sosai kuma ya shirya don gina haikali a cikin yini ɗaya. Dukan sculptors, gine-gine sun samu aikin gini. An ci gaba da aikin har cikin dare kuma gari ya waye yana kusantowa yayin da haikalin yake kusan gamawa sai babban yanki na ado na Wuri Mai Tsarki. Da sanyin safiya wata muryar allahntaka ta zo daga sama tana ba da shawara a dakatar da aikin gini da kuma inda yake. Sarki ya kalli kafadarsa sai kash!! hannunsa ya zama, kamar yadda ya kasance a baya ga cikakken maidowa. Sarki ya zauna a can ya yi sauran rayuwarsa yana bauta wa Ubangiji Mahavishnu. Ko a yau haikalin ba shi da 'Muguli' (ಮುಗುಳಿ - kayan ado na sama a kan tsattsarkan wuri).
Ali Muheeb
Ali Mohamed Muheeb (ranar 26 ga watan Maris 1935 – ranar 26 ga watan Satumban 2010) ɗan ƙasar Masar ne mai nutsewa. Ya yi takara a gasar tseren mita 3 ta maza a gasar Olympics ta bazarar 1960.
Lisbon
Lisbon ko Lisboa [lafazi : /lisebon/ ko /lizeboha/] shi ne babban birnin ƙasar Portugal. A cikin birnin Lisbon akwai kimanin mutane miliyan biyu a ƙidayar shekarar 2011.
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André Martins
André Renato Soares Martins (an haifeshi ranar 21 ga wata Janairun, 1990) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Fotigal da ke taka leda a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ekstraklasa Legia Warsaw a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na tsakiya.
Aramide (musician)
Aramide mawaƙin Afro-soul ɗan Najeriya ne kuma marubuci. Ta lashe Mafi kyawun Ayyukan Murya (Mace) don "Iwo Nikan" a Headies 2015. Ta kammala karatun kimiyyar siyasa a jami'ar Jos.
André Martins
Wasan'ni
Bayan kammala karatunsa daga Sporting CP 's makarantar matasa Martins aka bada aron, tare da wasu tsofaffin tsofaffin matasa zuwa Real SC a rukuni na uku. Domin 2010-11, sabuwar nada kocin Paulo Sergio kira shi baya ga pre-kakar horo, da kuma, a watan Agusta, ya aka aika zuwa CF Os Belenenses a cikin Segunda Liga, a wani kakar -long aro. Koyaya, bayan zuwan José Mota a bencin ƙungiyar, an ga ɗan wasan ragi ne bisa buƙatun kuma an sake shirya wani rancen a cikin Janairun 2011, a ɓangare na uku CD Pinhalnovense.
Yawanci saboda raunin da ya samu ga abokan wasa, Martins ya kasance a cikin bencin Sporting a wasu wasannin a cikin 2011–12. A ranar 20 ga watan Oktoba 2011 ya fara zama na farko a hukumance don zakoki, yana zuwa a madadin Diego Capel na mintina 15 na ƙarshe na cin gida 2-0 da FC Vaslui a matakin rukuni na UEFA Europa League.
Martins ya ci kwallaye uku a wasanni 29 na gasa a 2013–14 don mataimakin mataimakin zakarun, wanda shi ne na farko a gasar Primeira Liga kuma gaba daya ya zo ranar 15 ga watan Satumbar 2013 a wasan da suka doke SC Olhanense ci 2-0 Bayan nadin koci Jorge Jesus, duk da haka, an gaya masa ya nemi sabon kulob, kuma ya bar Estádio José Alvalade a ranar 30 ga Yuni 2016.
Olympiacos
Martins ba shi da yawa sosai a cikin kamfen mai zuwa, kuma ana ganin ya yi rarar abubuwan da ake buƙata bayan isowar ɗan kasarsa Pedro Martins a matsayin manajan.
Legia Warsaw
Martins ya buga wa Portugal wasanni 43 a matakin matasa, ciki har da 17 na matasa 'yan kasa da shekaru 21. A ranar 10 ga watan Yuni 2013 ya fara buga wa kungiyar wasa, yana buga mintocin mutuwa na wasan nunin 1-1 tare da Croatia a Geneva. A ranar 14 ga watan Agusta, kuma a wasan sada zumunci, ya maye gurbin Rúben Amorim a tsaka-tsakin rabin lokaci na biyu na wasan 1-1 da Netherlands.
Daraja
Wasanni
Olympiacos
Legia Warsaw
Épiphanie Nyirabaramé
Épiphanie Nyirabaramé (an haife ta a watan Disamba 15, 1981 a Butare ) 'yar wasan Rwanda ce wacce ta ƙware a tseren gudun fanfalaki da tsere mai na nisan zango. Ta wakilci Rwanda a wasannin Olympics guda biyu ( 2004 a Athens, da 2008 a Beijing).
Nyirabaramé ta fara fafatawa a gasar Olympics ta bazara a shekara ta 2004 a Athens, inda ta kare a matsayi na hamsin da hudu kuma ta kammala tseren a tseren gudun fanfalaki na mata, da lokacin 2:52:50. A gasar Olympics ta biyu da ta gudana a nan birnin Beijing, a daya bangaren kuma, ta kammala tseren gudun fanfalaki na mata, da dakika bakwai kacal tsakaninta da 'yar Slovakia Zuzana Šaríková, da mafi kyawun lokacinta da ya kai 2:49:32.
Nyirabaramé ta samu mafi kyawunta a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na 2009 IAAF a Berlin, Jamus, lokacin da ta kammala tseren a tseren gudun fanfalaki na mata, inda ta kare a matsayi na ashirin da shida, da lokacin 2:33:59. Baya ga mafi kyawunta na sirri, Nyirabaramé kuma ta kafa tarihinta na ƙasa, wanda Marcianna Mukamurenzi ta riƙe a baya a cikin shekarar 1990s.
An nuna Nyirabaramé a cikin shirin fim ɗin Amurka, Ruhun Marathon II, wanda ke nuna rawar da ta yi a gasar tseren Rome ta shekarar 2012.
Saye
Saye wani kauye ne dake karamar hukumar Mashi, a Jihar Katsina.
Aissirimou
Aissirimou ƙauye ne kuma suco (ƙananan gundumar Gabashin Timor ), ya kasan ce yana cikin Aileu Subdistrict, Aileu District, East Timor. Yankin gudanarwar yana da fadin murabba'in kilomita 29.81 kuma a lokacin kidayar shekarar 2010 tana da yawan mutane 2192.
Wasabi
Wasabi ( Jafananci :ワサビ,わさび, ko山葵, furtawa [ɰaꜜsabi] ; Eutrema japonicum ko Wasabia japonica ) ko horseradish na Japan  wani tsiro ne na dangin Brassicaceae, wanda kuma ya haɗa da horseradish da mustard a cikin sauran tsararraki. Ana amfani da manna da aka yi daga rhizomes na ƙasa azaman kayan ƙoshin abinci don sushi da sauran abinci. Ya yi kama da ɗanɗano da zafi mustard ko horseradish maimakon barkono barkono saboda yana motsa hanci fiye da harshe. Yawancin dandano na wasabi a cikin kasuwanci shine, duk da haka, ersatz, dangane da doki da launin abinci.
Tsire -tsire yana girma a zahiri tare da gadajen rafi a cikin kwarin kogin dutse a Japan. The biyu main cultivars a kasuwa ne E. japonicum 'Daruma' da kuma 'Mazuma', amma akwai da yawa wasu. Tsohuwar rikodin wasabi a matsayin abinci ya kasance a karni na takwas AD. Shaharar wasabi a cikin kasashen da ke magana da Ingilishi ya zo daidai da na sushi, yana ci gaba da haɓakawa tun daga shekara ta 1980.
Aissirimou
Manazarta
-8.73333°N, 125.56667°W<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"> -8.73333°N, 125.56667°W
Wasabi
Dangane da batutuwan da ke iyakance yawan amfanin gona na wasabi na Jafananci kuma ta haka yana haɓaka farashinsa da raguwar samuwarsa a wajen Japan, galibi ana amfani da shuka horseradish a maimakon dokin Japan. Wannan sigar galibi ana kiranta da "wasabi na yamma" (西洋山葵) a Japan.
Yana amfani
Gabaɗaya ana siyar da Wasabi ko dai azaman rhizome ko tushe, wanda dole ne a ɗanɗana shi sosai kafin amfani, azaman busasshen foda, ko azaman manna mai shirye don amfani a cikin bututu masu kama da bututun haƙora.
Sashin da aka yi amfani da shi don manna wasabi an rarrabe shi azaman rhizome,  tushe,   ko “rhizome da ɓangaren tushe na tushe”.
A cikin wasu gidajen cin abinci masu ƙima, ana shirya manna lokacin da abokin ciniki ya ba da umarni, kuma ana yin ta ta amfani da grater don goge tushe; da zarar an shirya manna, yana rasa dandano a cikin shabiyar mintuna idan  an bar ba a gano su ba. A cikin shirye -shiryen sushi, masu dafa abinci galibi suna sanya wasabi tsakanin kifi da shinkafa saboda suturar wasabi har sai an yi hidimar tana adana dandano.
Za a iya cin ganyen wasabi sabo, yana da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano mai tushe na wasabi, amma sakamako na gama gari shine gudawa.
Legumes (kirki ba, waken soya, ko Peas) iya gasa ko soyayyen, sa'an nan mai rufi da wasabi foda gauraye da sugar, gishiri, ko mai da kuma ci abinci kamar yadda wani crunchy abun ciye-ciye. A Japan, ana kiranta wasabi-mame.
Majiɓinci
Wasabi yana son yanayin girma wanda ke taƙaita noman sa - a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, yana da rashin jituwa da hasken rana kai tsaye, yana buƙatar zafin iska tsakanin 8 and 20 Ckuma ya fi son zafi sosai a lokacin bazara. Wannan ya sa ba zai yiwu masu noman su cika gamsar da buƙatun kasuwanci ba, wanda ke sa wasabi yayi tsada sosai. Saboda haka, a wajen Japan, ba kasafai ake samun tsirrai na wasabi na gaske ba.
Sauyawa na yau da kullun shine cakuda horseradish, mustard, sitaci, da koren abinci ko koren alayyafo. Sau da yawa ana sanya alamar kunshin a matsayin wasabi yayin da sinadaran a zahiri ba su haɗa da wani ɓangaren shuka na wasabi ba. Bambancin farko tsakanin su biyun shine launi, tare da Wasabi yana koren halitta. An bayyana sabon tushen doki a matsayin yana da ɗanɗano irinta (kodayake mafi sauƙi) da ƙamshi zuwa na sabon wasabi.
A Japan, ana kiran seiyō wasabi. A Amurka, galibi ana samun wasabi na gaskiya ne a kantin kayan miya na musamman da manyan gidajen abinci.
Kamilou Daouda
Kamilou Daouda (an haife shi 29 Disamba 1987) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Nijar wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba a gasar Coton Sport.
Wasabi
Kimiyya
Sinadarin da ke cikin wasabi wanda ke ba da ƙarfin sa na farko shine hadaddun mahaɗan allyl isothiocyanate, wanda aka samar ta hanyar hydrolysis na thioglucosides na halitta (haɗuwar glucose na sukari, da abubuwan da ke ɗauke da sulfur mai ɗauke da sinadarai) Haɗin hydrolysis yana haɓaka ta myrosinase kuma yana faruwa lokacin da aka saki enzyme akan ɓarkewar sel da maceration ya haifar - misali, grating - na shuka. Hakanan mahaɗan guda ɗaya ne ke da alhakin raunin horseradish da mustard. Hakanan ana iya sakin Allyl isothiocyanate lokacin da aka lalata tsirrai na wasabi, saboda ana amfani da shi azaman hanyar kariya. Makasudin jiyya na ƙwayar mustard shine mai karɓar chemosensory, TRPA1, wanda kuma aka sani da 'Wasabi Receptor'.
Kamilou Daouda
Sana'a
Ya fara taka leda sa ta farko a Akokana FC, wani kulob mai tasowa a Nijar. Yana da shekaru 2 masu kyau sosai kafin ya koma Coton Sport de Garoua, babbar ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin Elite One ta Kamaru.
Wasabi
Kimiyya
Dadi na musamman na wasabi shine sakamakon cakudewar sinadarai masu rikitarwa daga ƙwayoyin da suka lalace na shuka, gami da waɗanda ke haifar da hydrolysis na thioglucosides daga sinigrin zuwa glucose da metothlthioalkyl isothiocyanates :
Katalunya
Katalunya yankin Ispaniya ce. Babban birnin Katalunya Barcelona ce. Mazaunan Katalunya, suna jin harsunan Katalanci da Ispaniyanci.
Katalunya tana da yawan fili kimani na kilomita murabba'i 32,108. Katalunya tana da yawan jama'a 7,522,596, bisa ga ƙidayar yawan jama'a a shekarar 2016.
Kamilou Daouda
Ayyukan ƙasa da ƙasa
Daouda memba ne a Niger national football team, an Kuma gayya ce shi wasan Africa Cup of Nations a shekarar 2012.
Wasabi
Kimiyya
Bincike ya nuna cewa irin wannan isothiocyanates hana microbe girma, watakila da abubuwan da tsare abinci da spoilage kuma suppressing baka kwayan girma.
Gina Albert
Gina Albert Ta kasan ce yar fim ce daga shekarun 1950.
Wasabi
Kimiyya
Saboda ƙonawar wasabi ba tushen mai ba ne, na ɗan gajeren lokaci ne idan aka kwatanta da tasirin capsaicin a cikin barkono barkono, kuma ana wanke su da ƙarin abinci ko ruwa. Ana jin abin jin daɗi musamman a cikin sashin hanci kuma yana iya zama mai raɗaɗi dangane da adadin da aka cinye. Shaƙatawa ko ƙamshin tururin wasabi yana da tasiri kamar ƙamshin gishiri, dukiyar da masu bincike ke ƙoƙarin ƙirƙirar ƙarar hayaƙi ga kurame. Subjectaya daga cikin batutuwan da ke cikin gwajin samfurin ya farka cikin 10 seconds na tururin wasabi ya fesa cikin dakin baccin sa. An ba da lambar yabo ta Ig Nobel ta shekara ta 2011 a Chemistry ga masu binciken don tantance ƙimar yawa na wasabi ta iska don farkar da mutane a cikin gaggawa.
Bayanin abinci mai gina jiki
Wasabi galibi ana cinye shi a cikin ƙananan adadi wanda ƙimar abinci mai gina jiki ba ta da mahimmanci. Manyan abubuwan da ke tushen tushen wasabi sune carbohydrates (23.5%) ruwa (69.1%)  mai (0.63%)  da furotin (4.8%)b
Gina Albert
Ayyuka
Ta fito a cikin fina-finai huɗu a ƙarshen 1950s: Man in the River (1958) as Lena Hinrichs, Mädchen in Uniform (1958)  as Marga, Tumulto de Paixões (1958)  as Anna Martin, and Tunisi Babban Asiri (1959)  azaman Countess Barbara.
Wasabi
Noma
Wurare kaɗan ne suka dace da noman wasabi mai girma, kuma noman yana da wahala ko da a yanayi mai kyau. A Japan, ana noman wasabi galibi a cikin waɗannan yankuna:
Shiri
Wasabi galibi ana dafa shi da oroshigane na ƙarfe, amma wasu sun fi son yin amfani da kayan aikin gargajiya na busasshen sharkskin (fata mai kyau a gefe ɗaya; m fata a ɗayan) Hakanan za'a iya amfani da grater da aka yi da hannu tare da hakoran shark na yau da kullun. Idan ba a samo grater-fata na fata ba, cakulan cakulan yumbu na iya zama abin karɓa mai karɓa.
Sam E. Jonah
Samuel Esson Jonah (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga watan Nuwamba 1949) ɗan kasuwa ɗan Ghana ne kuma shugaban Jami'ar Cape Coast na yanzu. Shi ne shugaban zartaswa na Jonah Capital, asusu na adalci da ke Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu. Jonah ya kasance shugaban AngloGold Ashanti a baya kuma ya raba dabarun jagoranci na kamfanin tare da Shugaba Bobby Godsell.
Ƙuruciya da ilimi
Sam Jonah ɗan Fante Royal ne amma an haife shi a Obuasi kuma ya yi karatun sakandare a Adisadel College sannan ya sami haɗin gwiwa a Injiniyan Ma'adinai a Camborne School of Mines sannan ya sami MSc a Gudanar da Ma'adinai a Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Imperial.
Sana'a
Ya shiga Kamfanin Ashanti Goldfields a shekarar 1979, yana aiki a wurare daban-daban, gami da ayyukan karkashin kasa. Yana da shekaru 36 ya zama babban jami'in zartarwa, kuma ya kula da canjin Ashanti Goldfields zuwa ma'adinan ma'adinai da yawa, ya karu da yawan zinare daga oza 240,000 a kowace shekara zuwa sama da oza miliyan 1.6 a cikin sama da shekaru goma, kuma ya sa ido a kai. lissafin kamfanin a matsayin kamfani na farko na Afirka da ke aiki a kasuwar hada-hadar hannayen jari ta New York.
A shekarar 2009, ya zama darektan Vodafone ba mai zartarwa ba.
An zabi Jonah mamba a Kwalejin Injiniya ta kasa a shekarar 2019 don jagoranci da gudummawar fasaha wajen ciyar da masana'antar ma'adinai gaba a Afirka.
A halin yanzu, Chancellor na Jami'ar Cape Coast, Jonah yana shugabantar allunan Equator Exploration Limited, Scharrig Mining, Equinox Minerals, Uramin, Moto Goldmines Ltd da Range Resources Limited. Ya kuma yi hidima ko kuma ya yi aiki a kan hukumomi daban-daban, ciki har da Transnet, Mittal Steel SA, Jami'ar Ashesi, Bankin Standard na Afirka ta Kudu, Lonmin, Asusun Zuba Jari na Afirka na Commonwealth (Comafin), majalisar ba da shawara na Babban Yarjejeniyar Duniya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya., Kwamitin Ba da Shawarar Zuba Jari na Duniya kan Najeriya, Shugaban Kasa Olusegun Obasanjo, Kwamitin Ba da Shawarar Zuba Jari na Kasa da Kasa na Afirka ta Kudu, da Shugaba John Kufuor na Ghana masu zuba jari. Kazalika da shugabancinsa, Jonah memba ne na kwamitin ba da shawara na Makarantar Kasuwancin London. Haka kuma mamba ne a hukumar Otumfuo Osei Tutu II Foundation.
Daraja da karramawa
Janaonah ya karramawarsa sun hada da digirin girmamawa na Doctor of Science (D.Sc.) wanda makarantar Camborne School of Mines da Jami'ar Exeter (UK) suka bayar tare a shekarar 1996. Jonah House da ke Adisadel College an ba shi sunan mahaifinsa, Thomas Jonah. A watan Yunin 2003, Jonah ya zama ɗan Ghana na farko da aka yi wa knighted a ƙarni na 21. a lokacin da Yariman Wales ya ba shi kyautar karramawa (KBE), don karrama nasarorin da ya samu a matsayinsa na hamshakin dan kasuwa na Afirka, babban jami’in harkokin kasuwanci daga kungiyar Commonwealth, kuma babban jigo a duniya. Jonah yana cikin jerin manyan attajirai a Ghana. A ranar 5 ga watan Disamba, 2019, kungiyar ma'aikatan ma'adinai ta Ghana ta yaba masa kuma ta bashi lambar yabo ta platinum saboda gudunmawar da ya bayar wajen bunkasa masana'antar hakar ma'adinai a Ghana. A cikin watan Janairu 2023, an sanya shi cikin 100 da suka fi fice a Afirka a fagen kasuwanci.
Shehu Abdullahi
Shehu Usman Abdullahi (an haife shi a ranar 12 ga watan Maris 1993) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Najeriya wanda a halin yanzu yake taka leda a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Cyprus ta farko a ƙasar Omonia.
Qadsiya SC
A watan Yulin shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha huɗu, 2014, Abdullahi ya koma Kano Pillars, Nigeria, ya koma kungiyar Qadsia SC ta Kuwait, a kan kudi dala dubu ɗari huɗu da tamanin, $480,000, Abdullahi ya samu dala dubu ɗari uku da talatin, $330,000, sai Kano Pillars, kuɗi dala dubu ɗari da hamsin $150,000.
União da Madeira
A ranar 6 ga watan Yunin shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha biyar 2015, Shehu ya koma sabuwar kungiyar Premier League ta CF União kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu.
A ranar 24 ga watan Janairun shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha takwas 2018, Shehu ya rattaɓa hannu kan ƙungiyar Bursaspor ta Turkiyya na tsawon shekaru biyu da rabi kan kuɗin da ba a bayyana ba.
A ranar 19 ga Satumbar shekarar dubu biyu da ashirin 2020, Shehu ya rattaɓa hannu a ƙungiyar ta Cyprus First Division Omonia.
Ayyukan kasa
A watan Mayun 2018 an saka shi cikin jerin ‘yan wasa 30 na farko da Najeriya za ta buga a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA 2018 a Rasha.
Kulob
Omonia
Ƙasashen Duniya
Najeriya U23
Tawagar Olympics ta Nigeria
Nigerianisation
Najeriyar dai ita ce manufar horar da ‘yan Nijeriya da kuma tura ‘yan Nijeriya mukaman da ‘yan kasashen ketare ke rike da su a ma’aikatan gwamnatin Najeriya a baya. An aiwatar da tsarin sosai a cikin shekara ta 1950s. A hankali aka yi shi kuma ya haɗa da sake tsara hukumomin gwamnati da faɗaɗa wuraren ilimi a zaɓaɓɓun manyan makarantu da kwalejoji. Kasancewar Najeriya ya zama muhimmi yayin da Najeriya ke tafiya neman 'yancin kai, Majalisar Ministocin Najeriya da Majalisar Wakilai duk sun goyi bayan ra'ayin cewa Najeriya ta mallaki manyan mukaman ma'aikatan gwamnati kamar sakatarorin dindindin.
Sabis na mulkin mallaka
A cikin 1930s, Hukumar Mulkin Mallaka ta zama haɗin kai tare da sarrafa shi daga London, yana mai da ita siffar daular haɗin kai. Sakamakon tsarin haɗin gwiwar shi ne ɗaukar ma'aikata da sanya hafsoshi cikin hidimar Najeriya ta hanyar ofishin London yayin da aka yi la'akari da ƙaramin shawara ga 'yan Afirka masu dacewa. A Najeriya tsarin na’urar ‘yan mulkin mallaka ya ba da muhimmanci ga mulkin kai tsaye da kuma sanya ’yan gudun hijira mazauna yankunan karkara, jami’an sashe da masu gudanar da mulki zuwa larduna inda suke hulɗa kai tsaye da ‘yan kasa. Haɗin kai tsarin ya kuma haifar da sakatariyar hukuma tare da sakatarorin ƴan ƙasashen waje da ke da alhakin sadarwa da London. Duk da cewa an cika ma’aikatu biyu da ma’aikata akai-akai da rashin kudi, yawancin mukaman da ke cikin sakatariyar sun cika da ‘yan kasashen waje daga wasu yankuna yayin da mafi yawan ayyukan gudanar da mulki mazauna larduna ne.
A farkon yaƙin duniya na biyu, Najeriya na da babban aikin gudanar da ayyukan gwamnati da 'yan ƙasashen waje ke gudanarwa. Amma ingancin hidimar da ’yan gudun hijirar ke bayarwa ya fara raguwa, lamarin da ya ta’azzara da wasu abubuwan da ba a biya su ba, da hana ’yan gudun hijira shiga fagen fama a yakin da ake yi, da musayar ra’ayi akai-akai, rabuwa da iyalai da karuwar sarkakiyar mulki da bai dace ba. cancantar. Bayan yakin, an kafa hukumar biyan albashi don duba jin daɗin ma'aikatan gwamnati. Hukumar ta karfafa amfani da kalmar ‘Senior Posts’ a matsayin mukaman gudanarwa a sakatariya da larduna da Turawa suka mamaye da a da ake kira ‘Policean Posts’. Sabon naɗin ya kuma zo da albashin ‘yan gudun hijira da kuma alawus-alawus yayin da ake kiran ‘post African’ a matsayin kananan mukamai amma ba shi da fa’ida. Tun daga 1930s, adadin ƴan Najeriya daga Kudancin ƙasar da suka kammala karatun mishan yana ƙaruwa. 'Yan Afirka da suka yi karatu ciki har da wasu kan ma'aikatan gwamnati da masu kishin kasa sun fara yunƙurin ganin an ƙara shigar 'yan Najeriya cikin manyan mukamai na gwamnati. An siffata Nijeriya a matsayin yaƙi da wariya da mulkin mallaka.
Kafin shekara ta 1948, manyan muƙamai sun kasance 'yan ƙasashen waje ne suka mamaye duk da cewa wasu 'yan Afirka kaɗan ne suka sami damar ci gaba. Jami’an mulkin mallaka a Landan da Najeriya sun takaita ci gaba da daukar ’yan Afirka masu ilimi zuwa manyan mukamai in ban da wasu kamar Henry Rawlingson Carr da Joseph McEwen. A tsakiyar 1948, daga cikin jimillar manyan mukamai 3,786, 245 'yan Afirka ne, 1,245 babu kowa da sauran 'yan kasashen waje. Don haɗa da ƙarin 'yan Afirka a cikin hidimar jama'a, matakin farko yakan fara ne tare da ƙaddamar da bincike game da yanayi da buƙatun sabis na jama'a.
1948-1952
Hukumar ta farko ita ce Hukumar Bincike ta ƙafafu, tana da aikin nemo hanyoyin da za a ɗauki ƴan Najeriya masu dacewa da ƙwararrun aiki don yin aikin gwamnati. Rahoton hukumar ya ba da shawarwari masu ci gaba. Hukumar ta Hugh Foot ta ba da shawarar kafa Hukumar Kula da Ayyukan Jama'a don yin aiki tare da Hukumar Kula da Ma'aikata don aiwatar da shawarwarin ta. A cikin wannan shekarar, wani sabon kundin tsarin mulki ya kafa gwamnatin yanki a Najeriya wanda ya iyakance aiwatar da shawarwarin Foot. Sabon tsarin ya kuma ƙara yawan shiga harkar ci gaban siyasa ta ‘yan Najeriya masu ilimi wadanda suka zaɓi kin shiga aikin gwamnati. Bayan ‘yan shekaru da hukumar ta fitar da rahotonta, shugabannin siyasar yankin Kudancin Najeriya ba su gamsu da cewa ana daukar isassun ‘yan Najeriya da suka cancanta shiga aikin gwamnati ba. Wannan ra’ayi ya banbanta a Arewacin kasar da akasarin Islama inda mulkin kai tsaye ya kasance makamin mulki, ilimin Turawan Yamma yana da iyaka don haka ’yan Arewa da suka cancanta ba su da yawa. Gwamnatin yankin Arewa ta yi fargabar cewa ci gaba da ɗaukar ’yan Najeriya aikin gwamnati zai haifar da mayar da ‘yan Arewa saniyar ware.
Ci gaba a yankin Kudu
A farkon shekara ta 1952 ne aka ƙaddamar da sabuwar Majalisar Ministoci, wadda ita ce ta farko a ƙasar da ‘yan Najeriya suka mamaye. Ministocin sun zabi mayar da Najeriya a matsayin wata babbar manufar da za su bi. A watan Maris na shekara ta 1952, majalisar ta nada wani kwamiti da Simeon Adebo da Sydney Phillipson suka jagoranta domin su duba yadda ake ɗaukar karin ‘yan Najeriya aikin gwamnati. A cikin rahoton da hukumar ta fitar bayan shekara guda, ta yi nuni da cewa a tsakanin shekara ta 1948 zuwa shekara ta 1953, yawan ‘yan Afirka da ke rike da muƙamai ya karu daga shekara ta 245 zuwa shekara ta 685 amma kuma yawan ‘yan ƙasashen waje ya karu daga 2,296 zuwa 2,984. A ƙarshe, hukumar ta ba da shawarwari masu nisa. Taken rahoton shi ne "Nigerianisation of the Civil Service", wannan shi ne karon farko da aka yi amfani da aikin Najeriya a bainar jama'a a kasar. Daga cikin shawarwarin da hukumar ta bayar sun hada da: tallata guraben aiki ga 'yan Najeriya a kasashen waje, karin girma bisa cancanta amma ban da wadanda ba 'yan Najeriya ba a matsayin wadanda ba 'yan Najeriya ba, cewa ba za a ba wa wadanda ba 'yan Najeriya shawarar cika sabbin mukamai ko mukamai a sabbin ma'aikatu, da sharuddan kwangila ya kamata su zama zabi na farko wajen daukar wadanda ba ‘yan Najeriya ba. Koyaya, kamar dai hukumar da ta gabata sabbin ci gaban siyasa sun yi tasiri ga cikakken aiwatar da shawarwari. A cikin 1954, Tsarin Mulki na Lyttleton ya kori Tsarin Mulki na Macpherson na 1951. Sabon kundin tsarin mulkin ya sauya ma'aikatan gwamnati daga tsarin bai daya zuwa na yanki. Don haka ne gwamnatocin yankin Kudu guda biyu, karkashin jagorancin Awolowo ’s Action Group da Azikiwe ’s NCNC suka yi kakkausar suka wajen ciyar da ‘yan Nijeriya horo da daukar ma’aikata a yankin. Yawancin 'yan Afirka a cikin sabis na tarayya gwamnatocin yanki suna neman su sosai. Wannan ya haifar da samun ci gaba a Nijeriya a cikin gwamnatocin yankin Kudu maso Kudu amma an rasa ’yan Afirka a hidimar Tarayya.
Ci gaba a cikin sabis na Tarayya
A matakin tarayya, an fara ci gaba daga baya. A watan Agustan 1955, Majalisar Wakilai ta yi kira ga Majalisar Ministoci da ta gabatar da shawarwari game da mayar da ma’aikatan gwamnati Najeriya. A watan Maris na shekara ta 1956, majalisar ta gabatar a gaban majalisar, takardar zama mai lamba 4 ta shekarar 1956, manufar sanarwa kan mayar da Najeriya. Majalisar ta ba da shawarar cewa, a samar da wani sabon mukami, a samar da ofishin jami’in kula da ‘yan Najeriya da kuma kara wa ‘yan Nijeriya matakin horas da su gaba da sakandare domin biyan bukatun ma’aikatan gwamnati. Don tabbatar da nasarar shawarwarin an tsara shirye-shiryen horo uku. Babban Horo, Horon Matsakaici da Horon Farko. An tuhumi manyan hukumomin gwamnati guda uku da aiwatar da tsarin: Hukumar Kula da Ayyukan Jama'a, Hukumar bayar da tallafin karatu da ofishin kafa. An umurci kowace ma’aikatar da ta ci gaba da bin diddigin bukatun sassan da ‘yan Najeriya wajen horar da su wadanda za su dace da bukatun ma’aikata. Haka kuma tsarin ya kunshi daukar dalibai ‘yan Najeriya a kasar Burtaniya aikin gudanar da mulki a gida. Yayin da adadin ‘yan Najeriya da ke rike da mukamai ya kai 786 a cikin jimillar 5,125, a shekarar 1961 adadin ya karu zuwa 3,030 daga cikin 5,133. A shekara ta 1965, an kusan kammala aikin mayar da Najeriya a ma'aikatar tarayya da kuma a matakin yanki.
Hidimar waje
Horar da jami'an diflomasiyya ga aikin mutum a ketare yana ƙunshe ne a cikin Takarda mai lamba 11 na shekara ta 1956. An tura wasu zababbun jami’an gudanarwa zuwa ƙasashen waje domin horar da ‘yan Najeriya ’yancin kai da kafa ofisoshin jakadancin Najeriya a ketare.
Soja
A wani bangare na sauye-sauyen samun ‘yancin kai, an mayar da iko da rundunonin sojoji daga majalisar sojoji zuwa ofishin Gwamna-Janar. Yanzu haka an sanya jami’an soji da ke kasashen waje a karkashin ikon ‘yan Najeriya kuma an ba su wa’adin shekaru 3 na karatun boko kafin su koma gida. A shekarar 1959, akwai hafsoshi 297 a cikin sojoji, 37 daga cikinsu ‘yan Najeriya ne. ’Yan sandan Najeriya a shekara ta 1959, sun kasance manya-manya 3, kyaftin 6 da kuma 28. A shekarar 1960, an yi shirin ba da karin hafsoshi da kuma kara wa wasu karin girma zuwa manyan mukamai da kyaftin. Daga 1956 zuwa 1961 an rage yawan hafsoshin Burtaniya da ba na ba da izini ba sannu a hankali kuma a lokacin sauran hafsoshin su ne masu fasaha. An kafa Cadetship a zaɓaɓɓun makarantun sakandare don gano masu yuwuwar daukar ma'aikata waɗanda za su iya cancantar matsayin jami'ai. Kimanin dalibai goma sha bakwai na shekara-shekara ana daukar su aikin horar da su a kasashen waje a matsayin hafsoshi.
Arewaci
Najeriya ta yi tafiyar hawainiya a yankin Arewa saboda karancin wadanda suka kammala karatu a yankin. Mulki a Arewa ya kasance ta hanyar mulkin kai tsaye kuma ba a la'akari da ilimin Yammacin Turai da muhimmanci sosai a sassa da yawa. Bayan an raba ma’aikatan gwamnati zuwa yanki, shugabannin siyasa a yankin suna ganin cewa yawan ‘yan Arewa da ke hidima ba su da yawa idan aka kwatanta da takwarorinsu na Kudu. Bisa la’akari da siyasa, shugabannin yankin sun takaita daukar ’yan Kudu aikin yi wa yankin Arewa aiki, inda aka gano hanyoyin da za a bi wajen ganin an kara kaimi ga ’yan Arewa a kanana da manya. Shugabannin sun rike hidimar ’yan gudun hijira, saboda ’yan Arewa sun dauki ’yan gudun hijira a matsayin ’yan gudun hijira amma suna tsoron mamaye kudancin yankin na ma’aikatan gwamnati. An samar da matakan horar da ’yan Arewa; a shekarar 1949, hukumar bayar da tallafin karatu ta bayar da tallafi ga kusan dukkan ‘yan Arewa masu cancantar shiga jami’o’i. A cikin 1957, an koyar da darussan gudanarwa a Cibiyar Gudanarwa da ke Zariya. Baya ga kokarin cike mukamai a ma’aikatan gwamnati da ’yan Arewa, shugabannin siyasa na shiyyar sun ba da fifiko wajen tabbatar da wakilcin Arewa a manyan mukamai na ma’aikatan tarayya.
'Yan kasashen waje
Don hana hasarar damar aiki, ƴan gudun hijirar da suka jagoranci ƙungiyar ma'aikata ta bukaci gwamnati ta biya su diyya. A cikin 1958, ofishin mulkin mallaka ya amince da shirin biyan diyya kafin tattaunawa da Gwamnatin Tarayya. Ta haka ne gwamnatin Najeriya ta samar da ɗimbin kuɗi ga jami'an da ke zaune a ƙasashen waje waɗanda ke son barin kafin a ba da 'yancin kai a 1960 kuma ta yi alkawarin yin adalci ga ƴan ƙasar da suka rage bayan samun 'yancin kai. An yi gyare-gyare ga yarjejeniyar a cikin 1959.
Ismael Ramzi
Ismael Ramzi (ranar 29 ga watan Agustan 1917 – ranar 8 ga watan Janairun 2000) ɗan ƙasar Masar ne mai nutsewa. Ya yi gasa a gasar Olympics ta bazarar 1936 da kuma ta 1948 na bazara.