cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Saniabad, Yazd
Saniabad ( Persian , kuma Romanized kamar S̄ānīābād da Sonnīābād ; wanda kuma aka fi sani da Sunnīābād )  wani kauye ne a cikin gundumar Miankuh Rural, a cikin Babban Gundumar Mehriz County, Lardin Yazd, Kasar Iran. A ƙidayar shekara ta 2006,adadin yawan jama'ar garin yakai kimanin mutum 60, a cikin iyalai 19.
Yaƙin Masts
Yaƙin Masts (Larabci: معركة ذات الصواري, romanized: Ma'rakat Dhāt al-Ṣawārī) ko Yaƙin Phoenix ya kasance muhimmin yaƙin sojan ruwa da aka yi a 654 (AH 34) tsakanin Larabawa Musulmai da Abu al-A'war ke jagoranta. da rundunar jiragen ruwa ta Byzantine a karkashin umurnin sarki Constans II. Ana ganin yaƙin shine "rikicin farko na musulinci mai zurfi" da kuma wani ɓangare na farkon kamfen ɗin da Muawiyah ya yi don cin Constantinople.
Saduwa
Al-Tabari ya rubuta ranakun biyu masu yiwuwa don wannan yaƙin na sojan ruwa: 651-2 (AH 31) akan al-Waqidi da 654-5 (A.H. 34) akan ikon Abu Ma'shar al-Sindi. Tarihin Sebeos na Armeniyawa da Byzantine Theophanes sun yi daidai da ƙarshen kwanan wata.
Ayman dan Ubayd
Ayman daya daga cikin Sahabban Annabi
Yaƙin Masts
Bayan Fage
A cikin shekarun 650s Halifancin Larabawa ya gama daular Sasanian kuma ya ci gaba da samun nasarar faɗaɗa cikin yankunan daular Byzantine. A shekara ta 645, dan uwansa Rashidun Khalifa Uthman ya nada Abdallah ibn Sa'ad a matsayin gwamnan Masar, inda ya maye gurbin Amr bn al-As. Uthman ya ba da damar Muawiyah ya kai hari tsibirin Cyprus a 649 kuma nasarar wannan kamfen ɗin ya kafa matakin aiwatar da ayyukan sojan ruwa na Gwamnatin Masar. Abdallah ibn Sa’ad ya gina rundunar sojan ruwa mai ƙarfi kuma ya tabbatar da ƙwararren kwamandan sojan ruwa. A karkashinsa sojojin ruwa na musulmai sun sami nasarori da dama na sojan ruwa ciki har da fatattakar harin da Byzantine ta kai Alexandria a 646.
A cikin 654, Muawiyah ya yi balaguro a Kapadokya yayin da jirginsa, a ƙarƙashin umurnin Abu'l-Awar, ya ci gaba da gabar tekun kudancin Anatolia. Sarkin sarakuna Constans ya fara yaƙi da shi da manyan jiragen ruwa.
Yaƙi
Sojojin biyu sun hadu ne a gabar Tekun Phoenix a Lycia, kusa da tashar jiragen ruwan Phoenix (Finike ta zamani). A cewar marubucin tarihin karni na 9 Theophanes the Confessor, yayin da Sarkin sarakuna ke shirin yaƙi, a daren da ya gabata ya yi mafarkin yana Tasalonika; yana farkawa ya danganta mafarkin ga mai fassarar mafarkai wanda ya ce: Sarkin sarakuna, da ba ku yi barci ba kuma ba ku ga wannan mafarkin don kasancewar ku a Tasalonika ba - a cewar mai fassara, nasara ta karkata ga abokan gaban Sarkin. Mai fassarar ya fassara mafarkin ta wannan hanya saboda Θεσσαλονίκη ("Thessaloniki") sauti yayi kama da kalmomin 'θές άλλω νίκη' (thes allo nike), wanda ke nufin 'ba da nasara ga wani'.
Saboda muguwar tekun, Tabari ya bayyana jirgin ruwa na Rumawa da na Larabawa da aka shirya cikin layika tare da yin jugum tare, don ba da damar yaƙi. Larabawa sun ci nasara a yaƙi, duk da cewa asara ta yi yawa ga ɓangarorin biyu, kuma da kyar Constans ya tsere zuwa Konstantinoful. A cewar Theophanes, ya yi nasarar tserewa ne ta hanyar musayar riguna da daya daga cikin jami’ansa.
Siege na Konstantinoful na 654
Bayan cin nasararsu, jinkirin da aka ba Bazantiya yawanci ana danganta shi da jiragen larabawa da ke ja da baya bayan cin nasara da rikici kan ikon Uthman a tsakanin matukan jirgin, tashin farko na yakin basasa tsakanin Musulmai. Babu wani ƙarin hare -hare na sojan ruwa akan wannan balaguron da aka rubuta a cikin asalin larabci na gargajiya.
Majiyoyin Musulmai ba su ambaci wannan taron ba amma ya yi daidai da sanarwa a cikin sauran tarihin Kirista na gabashin Bahar Rum, kamar tarihin Theophanes. Yana ba da shawarar farkon mamayar 650s na Rhodes, Cyprus, da Asiya Ƙananan suna shirye-shiryen kai farmaki a kan bangon Byzantium. Hakanan yana ba da bayani na dabarun ja da baya na rundunar sojan larabawa bayan nasarar da aka samu a Yaƙin Masts, tunda Fitna ta Farko ba za ta barke ba sai bayan shekara guda, wataƙila koma baya ya yi tasiri a kan Rumawa da cikin Caucasus.
Bayan
Dukan jiragen ruwa na Rashidun da na Rum sun jimre manyan asara. Kuma duk da cewa halifancin ya fito da nasara, amma sun ja da baya don dawo da asarar da suka yi. Duk da haka, nasarar ta kasance wani muhimmin lamari a tarihin sojojin ruwa na Bahar Rum. Tun da daɗewa ana ɗaukarsa 'Tekun Rum', Bahar Rum ya zama wuri mai fa'ida tsakanin ƙarfin sojan ruwa na Halifanci mai tasowa da Daular Roma ta Gabas.
Wannan rikicin zai ci gaba a cikin shekarun da suka biyo baya, inda Musulmai ke amfani da karfinsu a tekun Bahar Rum don zuwa Sicily da kafa wurare masu karfi a Yammacin Turai. Nasarar ta kuma share fagen fadada musulmin da ba a fafata da shi ba a gabar tekun Arewacin Afirka.
Haƙƙin Mazauni/wurin zama
Haƙƙin wurin zama ƴancin mutum ne a kula da shige da fice a wata ƙasa, wato yanada kyau ya kasance ko kuma haƙƙin mutum ne a kula masa da wurin zama, kuma indai har an bashi wurin zama ba za'a kore shi ba kai tsaye sai da wani dalili mai ƙarfi.Mutumin ya samu dama/haƙƙin zama ɗan wata ƙasa ba ya bukatar izini daga gwamnati ya shiga kasar kuma zai iya zama ya yi aiki a can ba tare da takurawa ba, kuma gwamnati baza ta kore shi ba (sai dai idan an kwace masa haƙƙin zama a ƙasar). Gabaɗaya, don samun ƴancin zama a wata ƙasa, dole ne mutum ya zama ɗan ƙasar. Wato kafin mutum ya sami damar zama a kowace kasa to doka ce sai ya zama yanada izinin zama a ƙasar ta hanya samun zama ɗan ƙasa (Citizen).Duk da haka, wasu ƙasashe suna ba da damar zama ga waɗanda ba ƴan ƙasa ba. Sai dai dai sun bi wasu ƙa'idoji kafin su samu wannan damar.Wannan shi ne daban-daban da abinda ake kira haƙƙin zuwa ƙasa, haƙƙin ya rayuwa ko haƙƙin zama, misali tare da zama ɗan ƙasar gaba ɗaya. Mutane suna da wani haƙƙin mallaka na zama, amma ana iya soke shi a wasu lokuta saboda wani dalili (ba kamar ɗan ƙasa ba wanda zai iya). Ana soke shi ne kawai a cikin ƙayyadadden yanayi kamar zamba ko ɗan ƙasa yaci amanar ƙasar shi a ɓangaren tsaron ƙasa), misali ta hanyar aikata wani babban laifi, ko a wasu ƙasashe, ko kuma ya kasance mutum ya daɗe baya a cikin ƙasar kuma bai ziyarce ta ba, haka kuma a yawancin lokuta, irin waɗannan mutanen ba su da ƴanci daga ikon shige da fice a cikin ƙasa ballantana su sami wajen zama.
EU, EEA, da Yarjejeniyar Schengen
Jama'an ko kuma ƴan ƙasashen da suke a ƙarƙashin Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziƙin Turai (Ƙungiyar Tarayyar Turai da Iceland, Liechtenstein, da Norway ) da Switzerland sunada cikakken ƴancin tafiya zuwa, zama a ciki, da aiki a kowace ƙasa da take a ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar ba tare da buƙatar izinin aiki ko biza ba, koda yake wannan na iya gamuwa da wani cikas saboda abubuwan wucin gadi. haƙƙin ɗan ƙasa na sababbin ƙasashe don yin aiki a wasu ƙasashe.An ayyana wannan a cikin Dokar shekara ta 2004/38/EC akan haƙƙin ƙaura da zama cikin walwala.
Koyaya, haƙƙin zama a wata EU/EEA ba cikakke ba ne.Don zama a wata jaha ta EU/EEA, dole ne mutum ya kasance yana aiki, neman aiki, ɗalibi, ko kuma yana da isassun kuɗi  wanda zaiyi biya duk wata haya ko tara ko wani abu daban. da inshorar lafiya don tabbatar da cewa basu zama nauyi akan ayyukan zamantakewa na ƙasar da ke karbar bakuncin ba.Hakanan ƙasashe awannan ƙungiyar ƙasashen na iya buƙatar 'yan ƙasa na wasu Ƙasashen EU/EEA su yi rajistar kasancewarsu tare da hukumomi bayan wani ɗan lokaci.Jihohin EU/EEA na iya korar ƴan ƙasa na wasu jahohin EU/EEA tare da ba da umarnin keɓewa a kansu bisa dalilai na jama'a, tsaron jama'a, ko lafiyar jama'a.Alal misali, ana iya fitar da waɗanda suka yi manyan laifuffuka ko kuma suka dogara ga jin daɗi.Koma dai ta yaya, waɗanda aka yi wa irin waɗannan umarnin keɓance dole ne su iya ɗaukaka ƙararsu bayan iyakar tsawon shekaru uku, kamar yadda dokokin EU suka tanada.Babu wani yanayi da ƙasar EU/EEA za ta iya ware ɗan wata ƙasa na wata EU/EEA har tsawon rayuwa. Duk wani ko wata ɗan/ƴar ƙasar EU/EEA wanda ya cika shekaru biyar na zama tare da bin doka ba tare da ya bar ƙasar ya kuma dawowa ba a wata ƙasa ta EU/EEA ya cancanci zama na dindindin, bayan haka kasancewarsu ba a ƙara yin wani sharaɗi ba, kuma suna iya neman fa'idojiin da za su samu a baya. ya zama dalilin cirewa, kamar jindadi.Za a iya soke zama na dindindin bayan shekara biyu baya a cikin ƙasar.
Yarjejeniyar Schengen
Kusan duk ƙasashen EU/EEA suna cikin yankin Schengen ; gungun kasashen da suka rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar Schengen, wadda ta soke kula da kan iyakokin kasashen da ke shiga, ko da yake ya ba da damar kafa iyakokin na wani dan lokaci a cikin yanayi na musamman.Kasashen EEA da Switzerland sun sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar Schengen.Da yawa daga cikin sabbin ƙasashen mambobin ba su cika aiwatar da shi ba. Koyaya, ƴan ƙasashen Turai suna buƙatar kowa ya ɗauki katin shaida ko fasfo kuma ana buƙatar shaidar ɗan ƙasa don zama a kowace ƙasar da take memba.Don haka, yayin da Yarjejeniyar Schengen ta sauƙaƙe zirga-zirgar mutane a kan iyakokin, ba ta da wani babban bambanci ga haƙƙin zama a cikin wata mamba ƙasar ba.
Jemage
Jemage halitta ce dake a cikin nau'ukan halitta na mammals, wasu na zacin jemage amatsayin tsuntsu, amma ba'a dangin tsuntsaye take ba.
Usama dan Zayd
Usama dan zayd ya kasance daya daga cikin Sahabban Annabi S.A.W, kuma, dan asalin Afirka ne a wancan lokacin
Igbanke
Akwai Enogie a dukkan al'ummomin Igbanke. Enogie lakabi ne na Benin ga Duke. Benin ta rinjayi Igbanke kuma tana cikin karamar hukumar Orhionmwon a jihar Edo ta Najeriya a yau. Mutanen Igbanke suna jin yaren Ika.
Tarihi
Igbanke ta samo asali ne daga ƙauyuka shida waɗanda suka taru tun farkon zamanin cinikin bayi. Mutanen Idumodin, Ake/Obiogba, Omolua, Oligie, Ottah da Igbontor sune ƙauyukan da suka taru don kafa matsugunan su wanda a cikin shekarun da suka gabata ake kiran su Igbanke.
Harshe
Ko da yake, yawancin mutanen Igbanke suna jin yaren "Ika", wasun su suna da harsuna biyu ne, wato wasu daga cikinsu suna magana da yare fiye da ɗaya sosai, wato yaren Igbo.
Al'ada da Al'ada
Bikin Egu na daya daga cikin al'adun gargajiya da na al'ada da ake yi a Igbanke. Ana kuma kiran bikin Egu da Ohiuhiu. Biki ne na addini da ake yi don girmama shugaban allan Igbanke. An san wannan allahn a matsayin allahn girbi da mai kula da mutane. Wannan biki yana gabanin girbin dawa, don haka ana jin daɗin kiransa bikin Sabuwar doya. Ana yawan gudanar da shi ne tsakanin watan Agusta da Satumba kuma tsawon lokacin bikin wata guda ne mai cike da ayyuka daban-daban da ake gudanarwa a kowace ranar kasuwa wato Eken, wato duk bayan kwana hudu.
Kafin kiran al'ummomin Egu da Enigie guda shida suka yi a garuruwansu daban-daban, dole ne su hadu su yi Okika Nmo wanda hadaya ce ga gumakan kasa, wanda sarakuna ke yi. Wani bangare na bikin shi ne tsaftar al’umma ta hanyar share ciyayi da tituna a kauyuka da matasa ke yi da fentin bango da fadoji da mata ke yi da alli na asali da ake kira “nzu” da jan kasa. Suna yin waɗannan duka, suna gaskata cewa wasu kakanninsu za su ziyarce su. Har ila yau, shugabannin iyalai suna faranta wa gumakansu rai wanda kuma ke cikin tsarkakewa, ruwan dawa da aka fi sani da 'Embeghe' ya shirya don kawar da mugunta daga ƙasar. Masu bautar "Nwa Obu" daga wasu kauyuka da sauran garuruwa suma suna zuwa Igbanke ne domin bikin Egu domin hada kai da 'yan'uwansu a Igbake domin gamsar da "Nwa Obu" a madadin kasar. Bayan Embeghe, a Eken wanda shine ranar kasuwa, ana shirya Nni Ogwa Ukin, wato 'abincin dare' ta hanyar amfani da tsohuwar dawa tare da wasu kayan kamshi na gida don gamsar da alloli da kakanni da dare, ana ci. wajen karfe 11 na dare. Bayan wannan shine Nni Ogwa Efinai, “abinci na yamma” wanda ake hadaya ga alloli da rana. Ana gudanar da raye-rayen Uroko a zagaye kauyukan mazaje na rawa da ziyartar kowane fili suna nishadantarwa tare da karbar kyaututtuka iri-iri daga hannun mutane. Wannan na faruwa ne 'yan kwanaki kafin ranar Eken mai zuwa.
Zuwa makon karshe na bikin, jama'a suna raba kyaututtuka a tsakaninsu. Ana raba kyaututtuka tsakanin ’yan uwa da abokan arziki kuma duk matan aure an halatta su je wurin gidajen danginsu don shirya musu abinci su da zama tare da su.
A ranar Eken da akeyi karshen bikin, Limaman Nwa Obu ne ke rufe bikin Egu, inda suke yawo don yi wa mutane addu’a gida-gida. Bikin ta kawo karshe da Egu da kuma gamawa kafin jama’a su fara cin sabuwar doya.
Mahmood Yakubu
Mahmood Yakubu Dan Nijeriya ne, Malami kuma shugaban hukumar zabe mai zaman kanta ta Nijeriya wato (INEC) mai ci Ayanzu. shugaban kasa Muhammadu Buhari yanada shi shugaban ci a shekarar 21 Octoban 2015, ya maye gurbin Amina Zakari, wanda tarike shugaban ci na wuchan gadi.
Saudatu Mahdi
Hmmm Saudatu Mahdi (an haife ta a ranar 20 ga watan Afrilu shekarar alif 1957) mai ba da shawara ne game da Ƴancin Matan Najeriya. Ita ce Sakatare Janar na Ƙungiyar Kare Haƙƙin Mata da Ƴancin Kariya (WRAPA). Ta buga littattafai sama da 20 ta mai da hankali kan cin zarafin mata, ƴancin mata, Shari'a da mata da mata a bangaren ilimi. Mahadi ta jagoranci tawagar da ta yi gwagwarmaya kuma ta samu nasarar wanke wata mata 'yar Najeriya da aka yanke wa hukuncin kisa ta hanyar rataya saboda ta haihu ba tare da aure ba.
Rayuwar farko
An haifi Mahadi a ranar 20 ga watan Afrilu na shekarar 1957 a jihar Katsina, Nigeria. A shekarar 1964, matasa Mahdi aka aika zuwa Kaduna Tsakiya Primary School, Kaduna da kuma daga baya St. Louis Primary School, Kano inda ta kashe ƴan shekaru kafin barin Sacred Heart Primary School, Kaduna. A shekarar 1970, ta wuce Kwalejin Quen Amina da ke Kaduna.
Ilimi
A shekarar 1978, ta fara karatun ta na farko daga Jami’ar Ahmadu Bello da ke Zariya sannan a shekarar 1992, ta zarce zuwa Kwalejin Gudanar da Ma’aikatan Najeriya (ASCON) don samun digiri na biyu. Tana da takaddun shaida da yawa a fannoni daban-daban kamar na kasuwanci, gudanar da kasafin kuɗi da tafiyar da harkokin kuɗi, haƙƙin ɗan adam, bayar da shawarwari da gina hukumomi. Mahdi abokin aikin Cibiyar Gudanarwa ce a Najeriya.
Early life
An haifi Mahdi ne a ranar 20 ga watan Afrilun shekarata alif 1957 a Jihar Katsina, Nijeriya. A shekarar alif 1964, an tura matashin Mahdi zuwa makarantar firamare ta Kaduna Central Primary School, Kaduna daga baya kuma St. Louis Primary School, Kano inda ta yi ‘yan shekaru kafin ta tafi Sacred Heart Primary School, Kaduna. A shekarar alif 1970 ta wuce Kwalejin Sarauniya Amina da ke Kaduna.
Ayyuka
Ta fara aiki a matsayinta na malama aji kafin ta yi murabus. A watan Agusta shekarar 1989, ta zama shugabar makarantar sakandaren ƴan mata ta Gwamnati da ke Bauchi. A ranar 12 ga watan Afrilu shekarar ta1995, an naɗa ta riƙo mai riƙon ƙwarya na makarantar Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic, Bauchi kuma ta riƙe muƙamin har zuwa 11 ga watan Nuwamba shekara ta 1998 kafin ta yi ritaya bisa raɗin kanta. A yanzu haka ita ce Sakatare-Janar na wata ƙungiyar kare haƙƙin ma mai suna (WRAPA)
Shawara
Mahdi tana ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka haɗa ƙungiyar nan ta ' Bring Back Our Girls Adbocacy Group' a Najeriya. Mahadi ta yi aiki tare da tsohon Ministan Ilimi na Najeriya, Obiageli Ezekwesili ; Darakta Janar na Hukumar Kula da Tashoshin Jiragen Ruwa ta Najeriya, Hadiza Bala Usman da kuma mai ba da shawara ta musamman kan shirin kare lafiyar al’umma ga shugaban Najeriya, Maryam Uwais da wasu masu fafutuka da dama don fara kamfen din dawo da ‘yan matan makarantar da aka sace a garin Chibok, Borno Jiha, Najeriya. A yakin ya haifar da tallafi na hashtag #BringBackOurGirls a daɗin duniya.
Mahadi da ƙungiyar lauyoyin ƙungiyar ta sun yi nasarar gwagwarmayar ƙwayar ƴanci ga Amina Lawal Kurami wacce ake zargi da zina kuma kotun shari’ar jihar Katsina ta yanke masa hukuncin kisa ta hanyar jefewa. Lawal ya haifi yarinya a shekarar 2002 ba tare da aure ba kuma an yi amfani da diyar a matsayin shaidar zina ta a kotu.
A shekarar 2001, Mahadi da ƙungiyar lauyoyinta sun kare Safiyatu Hussaini wacce Babbar Kotun Shari’ar Musulunci da ke Gwadabawa, Jihar Sakkwato ta yanke mata hukunci kan aikata zina kuma aka yanke mata hukuncin kisa ta hanyar jefewa.
Kyauta
A ranar 15 ga watan Nuwamba, shekarar ta 2011, Shugaban Najeriya, Goodluck Jonathan ya ba ta lambar girmamawa ta kasa Memba na Jamhuriyar Tarayyar (MFR). Lambar yabo ta kasa ta nuna girmamawa ne kan ayyukanta na ci gaba, karfafa gwiwa, kare hakkin dan adam da kuma kare mata.
Praxis Rabemananjara
Stéphane Praxis Rabemananjara (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga watan Satumba 1983 a Madagascar ) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Malagasy a halin yanzu yana taka leda a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Saint-Denis FC. Shi memba ne na kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Madagascar.
Kulob
Leopards Transfoot Toamasina
Mutum
Pamplemoussses SC
Saint-Denis FC
Yolande Welimoum
Yolande Marcelle Welimoum (an haifeta ranar 9 ga watan Oktoba, 1988) 'yar fim ce' yar Kamaru, darekta kuma marubuciya. Ta yi karatun zane-zane da fim a Jami'ar Yaoundé I. Fim din ta na 2016 screenplay Heritage ya zo na biyu wuri a cikin ta farko edition na Concours du Yanayi Festival, wanda ya co-shirya da Ecrans Noirs Festival na Yaounde, da Kamfanin GIZ, kuma KFW. Gidajen gado sun magance matsalar matan Kamaru wadanda suka gaji kaddarorin dangi, kuma an maida shi fim din kirkirarren fim mai suna iri daya. Welimoum ta fara fim a Films Femmes Afrique, wani biki da aka keɓe don batutuwan mata. Yayin da take zantawa da Deutsche Welle game da lalata mata a masana'antar fina-finai ta Afirka, ta ce a kai a kai tana kare kanta daga ci gaban da ba ta so daga daraktocin maza. Welimoum yana ɗaya daga cikin mutane uku da aka sanar a matsayin waɗanda suka lashe gasar Écrans Noirs ta 20.
Kwaminisanci
Kwaminisanci na nufin zamantakewa - tattalin arziki siyasa da cigaba. Manufarta ita ce ta kafa tsarin zamantakewar jama'a inda masana'antu da gonaki ke raba mutane, kuma ba za su sami masu mulki ko kuɗi ba. A cewar marubutan kwaminisanci da masu tunani, manufar kwaminisanci ita ce samar da al’umma marassa ƙasa, mara aji kuma kawo ƙarshen jari hujja. Masu tunanin kwaminisanci sun yi imanin cewa hakan na iya faruwa idan mutane suka karɓi ikon masu iko (rukunin masu mulki, waɗanda ke da masana'antu da gonaki) tare da kuma kafa ikon ma'aikaci na hanyoyin samarwa (masana'antu da gonaki).
Kwaminisanci ba ya ƙin son kai. Koyaya, ya kuma ce yanke shawara ya kamata ya zama mai kyau ga yawan jama'a gaba ɗaya, maimakon kawai ya kasance mai kyau ga ƙalilan mutane a cikin ƙasar.
Tun daga shekara ta 1992, akwai sauran ƙasashe guda biyar da suka rage bisa mulki bisa aƙidar gurguzu. Huɗu daga cikin waɗannan suna bin nau'ikan salon shugabanci daban-daban - Vietnam, China, Cuba da Laos. Na biyar, Koriya ta Arewa, yanzu a hukumance yana bin Juche, wanda ke iƙirarin zama mafi kyawun sigar Markisanci-Leniyanci. Koriya ta Arewa ta kira kanta Marxist-Leninist kafin 1991. Yawancin al'ummomi da yawa sun watsar da Markisanci a wancan lokacin saboda yawancin mutane suna tsammanin ya gaza. A lokuta da dama akidar Karl Marx gwamnatocin fadi zuwa mulkin, salla talauci, tattalin arziki auka da kuma tashin hankali, kamar yadda shi ne yanayin da Tarayyar Soviet da kuma {asar Yugoslavia, misali.
Wasu sanannun mutane waɗanda suka kasance masu mahimmanci ga ci gaban kwaminisanci sun haɗa da Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, Joseph Stalin, Mao Zedong, Vladimir Lenin, da Leon Trotsky.
Tarihi
A cikin 1848, Karl H. Marx da Friedrich Engels ya rubuta Manifesto na Kwaminisanci. Ya kasance gajeren littafi ne mai mahimman ra'ayoyin kwaminisanci. Yawancin yawancin 'yan gurguzu da' yan gurguzu a yau suna amfani da wannan littafin don taimaka musu fahimtar siyasa da tattalin arziki. Yawancin wadanda ba 'yan kwaminis ba suna karanta shi, koda kuwa ba su yarda da duk abin da ke ciki ba.
Ƙungiyoyi da mutane da yawa suna son ra'ayin Marx. A farkon ƙarni na ashirin, akwai wata kungiyar gurguzu a duniya da ake kira Social Democracy. Ra'ayoyinsa ne suka rinjayi shi. Sun ce ma’aikata a ƙasashe daban-daban suna da kusanci da juna fiye da yadda ma’aikatan suke tare da shugabannin da ke cikin kasashensu. A cikin 1917, Vladimir Lenin da Leon Trotsky sun jagoranci wata ƙungiyar Rasha da ake kira Bolsheviks a cikin juyin juya halin Oktoba. Sun kawar da gwamnatin wucin gadi ta Rasha, wacce aka kafa bayan Juyin Juya Hali na Fabrairu akan Tsar ( Sarki ). Sun kafa Tarayyar Soviet Socialist Republics, wanda ake kira Taraiyar Sobiyat ko USSR. Tarayyar Sobiyat ita ce ƙasa ta farko da ke da'awar kafa ƙasar ma'aikata. A zahiri, ƙasar bata taɓa zama kwaminisanci ba kamar yadda Marx da Engels suka bayyana.
A cikin karni na 20, mutane da yawa sun yi ƙoƙarin kafa jihohin ma'aikata. A ƙarshen 1940s, China ma ta sami juyin juya hali kuma ta ƙirƙiri sabuwar gwamnati tare da Mao Zedong a matsayin shugaba. A cikin 1959, tsibirin Cuba ya sami juyin juya hali kuma ya ƙirƙiri sabuwar gwamnati tare da Fidel Castro a matsayin shugabanta. A wani lokaci, akwai irin waɗannan ƙasashe da yawa, kuma ya zama kamar kwaminisanci zai ci nasara. Amma gwamnatocin jam'iyyun kwaminisanci ba su yi amfani da dimokiradiyya a cikin gwamnatocinsu ba, wani muhimmin bangare ne na gurguzu da kwaminisanci. Saboda wannan, gwamnatoci suka rabu da mutane, ya sa kwaminisanci yake da wahala. Wannan kuma ya haifar da rashin jituwa da rabuwar kai tsakanin ƙasashe.
Ya zuwa shekarun 1960, kashi ɗaya bisa uku na duniya sun tumɓuke jari hujja kuma suna ƙoƙarin gina kwaminisanci. Yawancin waɗannan ƙasashen sun bi samfurin Tarayyar Sobiyat. Wasu sun bi samfurin China. Sauran kashi biyu cikin uku na duniya har yanzu suna rayuwa cikin tsarin jari-hujja, kuma wannan ya haifar da rarrabuwa a duniya tsakanin ƙasashe masu jari-hujja da ƙasashen kwaminisanci. Ana kiran wannan " Yaƙin Cacar Baki " saboda ba a yi yaƙi da makami ko sojoji ba, amma ra'ayoyi masu gasa. Koyaya, wannan na iya juyawa zuwa babban yaƙi. A lokacin 1980s, Amurka da Tarayyar Sobiyat suna fafatawa don samun babbar runduna kuma suna da makamai masu haɗari. Wannan ana kiransa "Tseren Makamai". Shugaba Ronald Reagan ya kira ƙasashen kwaminisanci kamar Taraiyar Sobiyat da " Muguwar Daular " saboda bai yarda da ra'ayin kwaminisanci ba.
Tun daga 1989, lokacin da katangar Berlin ta ruguje, yawancin kasashen da suka kasance masu ra'ayin gurguzu sun koma tsarin jari hujja. Kwaminisanci yanzu yana da ƙasa da tasiri a duniya. A 1991, Tarayyar Soviet ta balle. Koyaya, kusan kashi ɗaya cikin biyar na mutanen duniya har yanzu suna zaune a cikin jihohin da ƙungiyar kwaminisanci ke iko da su. Yawancin waɗannan mutanen suna cikin Sin. Sauran ƙasashen sun haɗa da Cuba, Vietnam, Laos, da Koriya ta Arewa. Hakanan akwai ƙungiyoyin kwaminisanci a Latin Amurka da Afirka ta Kudu.
Rigima
Mutane da yawa sun rubuta ra'ayoyinsu game da kwaminisanci. Vladimir Lenin na Rasha ya yi tunanin cewa dole ne a sami ƙungiyar masu neman sauyi (wanda ake kira vanguard ) don jagorantar juyin juya halin gurguzu a duk duniya da ƙirƙirar zamantakewar kwaminisanci a ko'ina. Leon Trotsky, shi ma daga Rasha ya yi iƙirarin cewa gurguzancin dole ne ya zama na duniya, kuma ba shi da mahimmanci a fara faruwarsa a Rasha. Hakanan baya son Joseph Stalin, wanda ya zama shugaban USSR bayan mutuwar Lenin a 1924. An sanya Trotsky ya bar Soviet Union ta Stalin a 1928, sannan a kashe shi a 1940. Wannan ya tsoratar da mutane da yawa, kuma yawancin kwaminisanci sunyi jayayya game da ko wannan yayi daidai kuma wanda za'a bi ra'ayin sa.
Mao Zedong na China ya yi tunanin cewa sauran azuzuwan za su kasance masu mahimmanci ga juyin juya halin China da sauran ƙasashe masu tasowa saboda azuzuwan aiki a waɗannan ƙasashen ba su da yawa. Mao ra'ayin Mao game da gurguzu galibi ana kiransa Maoism ko Tunanin Mao Zedong. Bayan mutuwar Stalin a 1953, Mao ya ga kansa a matsayin shugaban kwaminisanci na duniya har sai da ya mutu a 1976. A yau gwamnatin China tana karkashin Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ne, amma a zahiri suna da abin da ake kira cakuda tattalin arziki. Sun ari abubuwa da yawa daga jari-hujja. Gwamnati a China yau ba ta bin Maoism. Koyaya, kaɗan yan juyin juya hali a wasu ƙasashe kamar Indiya da Nepal har yanzu suna son ra'ayinsa kuma suna ƙoƙarin amfani da su a cikin ƙasashensu.
Amfani da lokaci
Kalmar "kwaminisanci" ba takamaiman ƙungiiyoyin siyasa bane. Yawancin jam'iyyun siyasa da ke kiran kansu "kwaminisanci" na iya zama a zahiri sun fi masu kawo sauyi (masu goyon bayan sauye-sauye da jinkirin canji maimakon juyi) fiye da yadda wasu jam'iyyun ke kiran kansu "masu ra'ayin gurguzu". Yawancin jam'iyyun kwaminisanci a Latin Amurka sun rasa membobi da yawa saboda waɗannan jam'iyyun suna yin abubuwa daban-daban fiye da abin da suka yi alkawari da zarar sun hau mulki. A cikin Chile, tsakanin 1970-1973, a ƙarƙashin haɗin gwiwar hagu (ƙungiyoyin jam'iyyun) na ƙungiyar Haɗin Kai, ƙarƙashin jagorancin Salvador Allende, Kwaminisancin Kwaminisancin na Chile yana hannun dama na Socialungiyar Socialist ta Chile. Wannan yana nufin ta fi jam'iyyar masu ra'ayin gurguzu gyara.
Yawancin jam'iyyun kwaminisanci za su yi amfani da dabarun kawo canji. Sun ce mutane masu ajin aiki ba su da tsari sosai don yin canje-canje ga al'ummominsu. Sun gabatar da ‘yan takarar da za a zaba ta hanyar dimokiradiyya. Da zaran an zaɓi 'yan gurguzu a majalisa ko majalisar dattijai, to za su yi fada don ajin ma'aikata. Wannan zai ba mutane masu aiki damar canza tsarin jari hujjarsu zuwa tsarin gurguzu.
Alamu da al'adu
Launin ja alama ce ta gurguzu a duniya. Jan tauraruwa guda biyar a wani lokacin shima yana wakiltar kwaminisanci. Guduma da sikila sanannen alama ce ta kwaminisanci. Ya kasance akan tutocin ƙasashe masu ra'ayin gurguzu, kamar Tarayyar Soviet (duba saman labarin). Wasu 'yan gurguzu kuma suna son amfani da hotunan shahararrun kwaminisanci daga tarihi, irin su Marx, Lenin, da Mao Zedong, a matsayin alamomin dukkanin falsafar gurguzu.
Waƙa da ake kira Internationale ita ce waƙar kwaminisanci ta duniya. Tana da kiɗa iri ɗaya a ko'ina, amma ana fassara kalmomin zuwa waƙar zuwa cikin harsuna da yawa. Harshen Rashanci shine taken ƙasa na Tarayyar Soviet daga 1922 har zuwa 1944.
Launi a cikin tutar Tarayyar Sobiyat ya nuna gwagwarmayar manoma-manoma. Guduma a tuta wakiltar gwagwarmaya ga ma'aikata. Dukkansu tsallakawa suna nuna goyon bayansu ga junan su.
Hakanan akwai nau'in fasaha da gine-gine na musamman da aka samo su a yawancin kwaminisanci da tsoffin ƙasashe masu ra'ayin gurguzu. Ana yin zane-zanen da aka yi da salon mulkin gurguzu na zahiri don farfaganda don nuna cikakkiyar sigar mutanen ƙasa da jagoran siyasa. Fasaha da aka yi cikin salon gurguzu na zahiri, kamar wasan kwaikwayo, fina-finai, littattafai, da zane-zane suna nuna aiki tuƙuru, da farin ciki, da ƙoshin ma'aikata da masana'antar masana'antu. Fina-finai, wasan kwaikwayo da litattafai a cikin wannan salon galibi suna ba da labarai ne game da ma'aikata ko sojoji waɗanda suka sadaukar da kansu don amfanin ƙasarsu. Zane-zane sukan nuna hotunan jaruntaka na shugaba, ko shimfidar wurare da ke nuna manyan filayen alkama. Tsarin gine-ginen Stalin yakamata ya wakilci ƙarfi da ɗaukakar jihar da jagoran siyasa. Wasu da ba 'yan kwaminisanci ba ma suna jin daɗin wannan fasahar.
Amina Bala Zakari
Amina Bala Zakari (nee|Husaini Adamu) itace tsohuwar shugaban hukumar zabe mai zaman kanta ta ƙasa (INEC) na wucin gadi. Zabenta yafaru ne bayan umurnin shugaban kasa Muhammadu Buhari, bayan cika wa'adin da tsohon shugaban hukumar yayi wato ferfesa Attahiru Jega a watan July 30, 2015.
Zakari dai itace Mace ta farko data taba rike jan ragamar hukumar a Nijeriya.
Rural Municipality of Wheatlands No. 163
Gundumar Rural Municipality na Wheatlands No. 163 ( yawan 2016 : 149 ) gundumar karkara ce (RM) a cikin lardin Kanada na Saskatchewan a cikin Sashin Ƙididdiga na 7 da Sashen na 2. Tana cikin yankin kudu maso yamma na lardin.
Tarihi
RM na Wheatlands No. 163 an haɗa shi azaman gundumar karkara a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 1909.
Alkaluma
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a ta 2021 da Statistics Canada ta gudanar, RM na Wheatlands No. 163 yana da yawan jama'a 157 da ke zaune a cikin 69 na jimlar 82 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, canjin yanayi. 5.4% daga yawan jama'arta na 2016 na 149. Tare da yanki na 818.63 km2, tana da yawan yawan jama'a 0.2/km   a cikin 2021.
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a na 2016, RM na Wheatlands No. 163 ya rubuta yawan jama'a na 149 da ke zaune a cikin 69 na jimlar 71 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, a 0% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 149. Tare da yanki na 827.4 km2, tana da yawan yawan jama'a 0.2/km   a cikin 2016.
Geography
Dutsen Coteau da ke cikin RM ya tashi zuwa filayen noma. Mujiya mai burrowing (athene cunicularia), dabbar da ke cikin hatsari, ta yi gidanta a wannan yanki.
Al'ummomi da yankuna
Al'ummomin da ba a haɗa su ba suna cikin RM.
Gwamnati
RM na Wheatlands No. 163 ana gudanar da shi ne ta hanyar zaɓaɓɓun majalisar karamar hukuma da naɗaɗɗen gudanarwa da ke yin taro a ranar Laraba ta biyu na kowane wata. Reve na RM shine Andy Bossence yayin da mai kula da ita Julie Gerbrandt. Ofishin RM yana cikin Mortlach.
Natasha Akpoti
Natasha Hadiza Akpoti (an haife ta a ranar 9 ga watan Disamba 1979) yar Najeriya ce barrister, kuma 'yar kasuwa ta zamantakewa kuma 'yar siyasa. Ta tsaya takarar sanata mai wakiltar Kogi ta tsakiya a karkashin jam’iyyar Social Democratic Party (SDP) a shekarar 2019. Ta tsaya takara a zaben gwamnan jihar Kogi na 2019 wanda aka gudanar a ranar 16 ga Nuwamba 2019. Ita ce ta kafa Builders Hub Impact Investment Program (BHIIP).
Ƙuruciya da ilimi
An haifi Natasha Hadiza Akpoti a ranar 9 ga watan Disamba 1979, ita ce ta biyu a cikin 'ya'ya hudu kuma diyar daya tilo ga mahaifinta ɗan Najeriya kuma mahaifiyarta 'yar Ukrainian. Mahaifiyarta, Ludmila Kravchenk, 'yar Ukrainian ce daga Rakitna a yankin Chernivtsi. Mahaifinta, Dokta Jimoh Abdul Akpoti, daga Obeiba-Ihima, jihar Kogi. Ta yi shekarunta na farko a Ihima, karamar hukumar Okene Ta rasa mahaifinta a cikin shekarar 1998 kuma dangin sun ƙaura. Ta yi karatu a Jami’ar Abuja daga shekarar 2000 zuwa 2004 kuma ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a fannin shari’a. A shekarar 2005 ne aka kira ta zuwa mashayar Najeriya bayan ta kammala makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Najeriya da ke Abuja. A cikin shekarar 2011, ta wuce Jami'ar Dundee kuma ta kammala karatun digiri na biyu a cikin shekarar 2012. Ta yi digirin digirgir a fannin sarrafa man fetur da iskar gas daga Jami'ar Dundee.
Sana'a/Aiki
Bayan ta kammala makarantar koyon aikin lauya ta Najeriya, ta yi aiki da Brass NLG a matsayin lauyan lauya daga 2007 zuwa 2010. A cikin shekarar 2015, ta kafa Builders Hub Impact Investment Program (BHIIP). Ta yi fice a kasar bayan gabatar da rahoton bincike ga majalisar dokokin kasar a ranar 1 ga watan Maris 2018 kan ayyukan cin hanci da rashawa da suka shafi kamfanin sarrafa karafa na Ajaokuta. Rahoton ya yi cikakken bayani game da yadda ake ci gaba da barnatar da kudaden gwamnati da almubazzaranci tun lokacin da aka fara aikin gina masana’antar sarrafa karafa da ta ci gaba da tabarbarewa duk da kokarin da aka yi na ganin ta ci gaba da aiki. Ma’aikatar kula da ma’adanai da karafa ta tarayya ta nuna adawa da rahotan kuma an zargi Akpoti da yin batanci ga majalisar wakilai da gangan. Kungiyar dillalan karafa ta kuma yi zargin cewa Akpoti na gudanar da wani kamfen ne na bata sunan gwamnati da kuma wadata wasu bukatun kamfanoni. Wata babbar kotu da ke zamanta a Abuja ta umurci mawallafin jaridar Authority, Ifeanyi Uba da Williams Orji su biya diyyar naira miliyan goma ga Natasha Akpoti saboda buga labarin ƙarya da suka yi mata.
Sana'a/Aiki siyasa
A shekarar 2018, ta bayyana aniyarta ta tsayawa takarar kujerar Sanata mai wakiltar Kogi ta tsakiya a majalisar dattawan Najeriya a karkashin inuwar jam’iyyar Social Democratic Party (SDP). A ranar 25 ga watan Mayu 2022 Natasha ta lashe zaben fidda gwani na jam'iyyar PDP a zaben Sanatan Kogi ta tsakiya a 2023 don karawa da Abubakar Ohere wanda ya dauki tikitin APC.
A watan Fabrairun 2023, kwanaki kadan a gudanar da zaben ‘yan majalisar dattawa, a wani yunkuri na hana safarar kayan zabe zuwa zaben gundumomi, ana zargin gwamnatin jihar Kogi karkashin Yahaya Bello, ta tono wasu sassan titin da ke hade da gundumarta ta majalisar dattawa, duk da haka. gwamnatin ta bayyana cewa an yi wannan tonon ne domin hana shiga da wasu ’yan daba wadanda suka sanya hanyar ta zama titin da kansu. 16b ku
Rayuwa ta sirri
Akpoti ya fito daga Okehi a jihar Kogi. Ta fito daga Ebiraland. Ita ce uwar 'ya'ya uku. A ranar 5 ga watan Maris 2022, ta auri Alema na Warri, Cif Emmanuel Uduaghan (kada a ruɗe shi da tsohon gwamna Emmanuel Uduaghan), a wani biki a gidansu na haihuwa a Ihima.
Nasiru Mahmoud Noor
Nasser Mahmoud Noor (an haife shi a shekara ta alif ɗari tara da casa'in da shida 1996) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Emirati wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta UAE Pro League Ajman.
Rayuwa ta sirri
Duk da cewa an haife shi ne a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa, shi ba dan kasar Masar ba ne saboda halin da yake ciki na bidoon kuma ya karbi fasfo din kasar Comoriya a maimakon haka, duk da cewa ba shi da alaka ta iyali da kasar da ke gabashin Afirka. Bai cancanci buga wa tawagar kasar Comoros wasa ba, bisa ka'idojin cancantar FIFA.
Salman al-Farsi
Salman ya kasance daya daga cikin Sahabban Annabi S.A.W, kuma dan asalin Farisa ne a wancan lokacin. yazo ne dan yayi imani da Annabi
Sinima a Togo
Sinima a Togo ta fara ne da masu shirya fina -finan mulkin mallaka na Jamus da suka ziyarci Togoland. Faransawa sun yi ƙoƙarin murƙushe sinima a cikin Togoland ta Faransa. Bayan da kuma Jamhuriyar Togo ta sami 'yancin kai a shekarar 1960, gwamnatin ƙasar Togo ta karfafa sinima, duk da cewa tallafin da gwamnati ke bayarwa ga sinima ya lalace lokacin da aka janye tallafin Faransa a shekarun 1990. Kwanan baya, duk da haka, masana'antar fim ta sake samun cigaba a Togo.
Sinima a zamanin mulkin mallaka
Mai shirya fim Carl Müller ya ɗauki Lomé a cikin shekarar 1906, yawo da Jamus tare da fina -finan sa bayan dawowarsa. Mai ba da shawara Adolf Friedrich, gwamnan mulkin mallaka na Togoland daga shekarar 1912 zuwa shekarar 1914 ya ba da ƙarin ƙarfafawa na tsari don yin fim na Togoland. An yi fim ɗin Wilhelm Solf na shekara ta 1913 zuwa mulkin mallaka kuma an rarraba shi a Turai. Hans Schomburgk ya fara ziyartar Togo a 1913-14, yana aiki tare da mai ɗaukar hoto na Burtaniya James S. Hodgson da kuma 'yar wasan kwaikwayo Meg Gehrts. Kodayake barkewar Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya ya sa aka ƙwace yawancin kayan su aka rasa, Schomburgk yana da isasshen kayan don sakin jerin gajerun fina-finai a cikin 1916-17. Schomburgk's Im Deutschen Sudan (A cikin Jamusanci Sudan) wani fim ne mai tsawon-lokaci na 1917, wanda aka yi amfani da shi don farfagandar mulkin mallaka.
Dokar mulkin mallaka ta Faransa ba da farko ta tsara shirya fim da rarraba shi ba. A cikin shekarata 1932 mai mulkin mallaka na Faransa Robert de Guise ya koka da cewa 'yan Afirka a Togoland na Faransa, kamar Albert John Mensah a Lomé, suna mai da gidajensu da kasuwancin su zuwa gidajen sinima na haramci. Sakamakon haka, Dokar Laval ta kafa takunkumi don sarrafa marubuci, abun ciki da rarraba fina -finai.
Sinima bayan samun 'yancin kai
Shekarun 1970 sun kasance "babban lokaci ga gidan wasan kwaikwayon Togo", a cewar mai kula da al'adu Komi Ati : gwamnatin bayan samun 'yancin kai ta ƙarfafa sinima, ta kafa Service du Cinéma et des Actualités Audiovisuelles (CINEATO) a 1976 don yin labarai da shirye-shiryen bidiyo. Koyaya, gidan wasan kwaikwayon na Togo ya sami koma baya a cikin shekarar 1993, lokacin da ƙungiyar internationale de la Francophonie ta janye duk kuɗin da suke bayarwa na shekaru goma. Kamfanonin sinima da na rarrabawa sun rufe.
Ci gaban zamani
Ɓangaren fina-finan Togo yana da ƙanƙanta kuma ba a bunƙasa ba, kuma yana gwagwarmaya da matsalolin wakilci bayan mulkin mallaka. Koyaya, kwanan nan ya fara girma cikin ƙarfin gwiwa. Anne-Laure Folly, yin shirye-shiryen bidiyo tun farkon shekarun 1990, ɗan fim ɗin Togo ne wanda ya sami suna a duniya. A cikin 2009 Christelle Aquéréburu ta kafa ECRAN, makarantar fim a Togo wacce ta koyar da ɗalibai sama da 100 kuma ta samar da fina -finai 20 da shirye -shiryen bidiyo. Aikin wani ɗalibi na ECRAN, Essi Névamé Akpandza, an gabatar da shi a rukunin Fim ɗin Makaranta a FESPACO na 2013. An kafa sabon fim da lambar raye -raye don haɓaka masana'antar fim a Togo. A cikin 2018 Ministan Al'adu na Togo, Guy Madje Lorenzo, ya buɗe makon silima wanda gwamnati ke tallafawa, yana yin fina-finai sama da sittin kuma yana shirya zama na rubutu. Sabbin masu shirya fina-finan sun haɗa da Gilbert Bararmna da Joël Tchédré mai lambar yabo.
Fayruz al-Daylami
Fayruz ya kasance daya daga cikin Sahabban Annabi S.A.W, kuma dan asalin Farisa ne a wancan lokacin.
Giovane Élber
Élber de Souza wanda aka fi sani da Giovane Élber (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga watan Yulin shekarar 1972). tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Brazil wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba.
Mai yawan zura kwallaye a kungiyoyi daban-daban, galibi aikin Élber ya kare a kasar Jamus, inda ya wakilci musamman Bayern Munich (cikakkun shekaru shida), inda yaci kwallaye 133 a raga a wasanni 260 na kungiyoyi uku.
Klub din
Haihuwar Londrina, Paraná, Élber samfurin samari ne na Londrina.
Milan
Yana dan shekara 18 ya sanya hannu a AC Milan a shekarar, 1990, Élber ya kusan zama ba a san shi ba yayin shekara daya da ya yi tare da kungiyar Serie A.
Ciyawar
Daga bisani, ya koma Switzerland Grasshopper Club Zürich, da farko kan rance. Nan da nan ya fara nuna bajintar kwarewa a sabuwar kungiyar tasa, wato a wasan shekarar, 1992 zuwa 1993 UEFA Cup da suka fafata da Sporting Clube de Portugal inda, bayan asarar gida 1-2, ya yi tasiri a nasarar kungiyar da jimillar kwallaye 4-3. sau biyu.
VfB Stuttgart
Bayan fiye da manufofin hukuma 50 na Grasshoppers, Élber ya sanya hannu tare da VfB Stuttgart na Jamus a cikin bazarar shekarar, 1994. Ya ci kwallo a wasansa na farko na gasar Bundesliga, a wasan da suka doke Hamburger SV da ci 2-1 a gida, kuma ya kammala kakarsa ta farko da kwallaye takwas, wanda hakan ne zai kasance kamfen daya tilo da ya ci a lambobi guda cikin shekaru bakwai masu zuwa.
A kakar shekarar, 1996 da shekara ta, 1997, Élber ya ciwa Stuttgart kwallaye 20 a hukumance, 17 a gasar, kuma uku a kofi, gami da duka biyu da suka kara da FC Energie Cottbus a wasan karshe (2 - 0 nasara). A Stuttgart ya kirkiro abin da ake kira alwatiran sihiri (Jamusanci: Magisches Dreieck ) tare da Krassimir Balakov da Fredi Bobic.
Lyon
Élber mai shekaru 31 ya kashe mafi yawan kamfen na shekarar, 2003 da shekara ta, 2004 (ya buga wasanni hudu tare da Bayern) a Faransa tare da Olympique Lyonnais, ya maye gurbin ɗan ƙasar Sonny Anderson wanda ya tafi Spain. A shekarar, 2003 - 04 UEFA Champions League, ya zira kwallaye a ragar tsohuwar kungiyarsa Bayern Munich don ci 2-1 a Jamus. Daga baya, ya ci kwallaye a wasan da suka tashi 2-2 da Porto a wasan kusa da na karshe; duk da haka, an fitar da Lyon daga gasar bayan ta sha kashi ci 4-2 jimillar.
Sai, ya taimaki kulob din zuwa uku na bakwai a jere Ligue 1 accolades, amma sai ya sha wahala mai tsanani fibula da tibia rauni wanda ya sa shi fita daga mataki na fiye da shekara guda.
Borussia Mönchengladbach
Ya dawo buga wasan ƙwallo a ƙasan Jamus tare da Borussia Mönchengladbach, wanda ya haɗu da shi a cikin watan Janairu shekarar, 2005.
Cruzeiro
A cikin watan Janairun shekarar 2006, bayan kusan shekaru 15 ba ya nan, Élber ya koma kasarsa, ya kammala aikinsa a Cruzeiro. Bayan sanarwar tausayawa, ya yi ritaya daga kulob din zagaye uku kafin karshen kakar wasa a ranar 9 ga watan Satumba, bayan rauni da rashin mahaifinsa.
Ayyukan duniya
A gasar FIFA ta Matasan Duniya ta shekarar, 1991 Élber ya ci hudu a wasanni shida yayin da ‘yan kasa da shekaru 20 suka sha kashi a hannun Portugal mai masaukin baki, a kan fanareti.
Bayan yin ritaya daga wasa mai aiki
Bayan ya sanar da yin ritaya a kwallaon kafa sai ya koma Bayern, inda ya fara aiki a kulob din a matsayin dan leken asiri, yana neman matasa a cikin kasarsa.
Élber yana aiki ne a matsayin masani kan tashar talabijin ta Jamus Das Erste. Ya ba da ƙididdigar ƙwararru a yayin Kofin Confederations na FIFA na shekara ta, 2013 kuma ya sake bayyana a wannan ƙarfin yayin gasar cin kofin duniya ta shekarar, 2014 FIFA.
Rayuwar mutum
Mafi yawanci ana kiransa Giovane Élber (wani lokacin kuma kuskuren shine Giovanni Élber ), wanda shine bambancin Jamusanci na sunan laƙabin Italiya il giòvane Élber ("saurayi Élber").
Kulab
Ciyawar
Stuttgart
Bayern Munich
Lyon
Cruzeiro
Kaka Mallam Yale
Kaka Mallam Yale Ɗan majalisar dattawan Najeriya ne wanda aka zaɓa domin wakiltar jam'iyyar ANPP a jihar Borno a watan Afrilun shekarar 2007.
Fage
An haifi Kaka Mallam Yale a watan Janairun shekarar alif 1953, a garin Yale da ke gundumar Konduga. A shekarar alif 1982, ya yi karatu a Jami’ar Maiduguri inda ya yi Diploma a fannin Gudanarwa (DPA). Ya yi karatun BSc a fannin kimiyyar siyasa a jami'ar Maiduguri a shekarar 1990.
Alhaji Kaka Mallam Yale ya yi aiki a matsayin ma’aikacin gwamnati a mukamai daban-daban, kuma a shekarar alif 1994, ne gwamnatin soja ta nada shi shugaban karamar hukumar Konduga. An zaɓe shi shugaban karamar hukumar Konduga daga shekarar alif 1999 zuwa 2002. A mataki na jiha ya rike mukamai a sassa daban-daban, ciki har da kasancewarsa shugaban gidan rediyon Borno kadai.
Aikin majalisar dattawa
An zaɓi Kaka Mallam Yale a matsayin dan majalisar dattawan Najeriya mai wakiltar mazaɓar Borno ta tsakiya a shekarar 2007, inda ya tsaya a jam'iyyar All Nigeria People's Party (ANPP). An nada shi a kwamitocin Sojoji, Harkokin Cikin Gida, Kuɗi, Kafa & Sabis na Jama'a da Ilimi A matsayinsa na Sanata, bai ƙaddamar da wani kudiri ba, amma a wasu lokuta yana ba da gudummawa ga muhawara. Ba a ganinsa a matsayin babbar murya ga mazaɓar sa. A wata hira da aka yi da shi a watan Agustan shekarar 2008. ya kare jam’iyyar ANPP, amma ya ce abin takaici ne cewa ANPP ta shiga gwamnatin hadin kan kasa maimakon zama jam’iyyar adawa ta gaskiya. A cikin watan Disamba na shekarar 2008, ya soki Kamfanin Mai na Najeriya, yana mai cewa ba su da fasahar gano mai a cikin tafkin Chadi, kuma ya ba da shawarar a bai wa kamfanoni masu zaman kansu aikin.
Ana kallonsa a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin gwamnan jihar Borno, Ali Modu Sheriff a zaben shekarar 2011. amma ya kasa cimma hakan.
Mahamadou Issoufou
Mahamadou Issoufou (lafazi: /mahamadu isufu/) ɗan siyasan Nijar ne. An haife shi a shekara ta 1952 a Dandadji, kasar Nijar.
Mahamadou Issoufou shugaban kasar Nijar ne daga shekarar 2011 (bayan Salou Djibo).
Bubu Mazibuko
Bubu Mazibuko ƴar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta ƙasar Afirka ta Kudu. Ta nuna Betsy a cikin fim ɗin 2006 Catch a Fire. Ta kuma nuna Thuli a cikin jerin talabijin Gaz'lam (2002-2005), wanda aka ba ta lambar yabo ta Duku Duku Award for Best Female Actor a Drama. Domin rawar da ta taka a matsayin Lindiwe a cikin fim ɗin Man on Ground (2011), an kuma zaɓi Mazibuko a matsayin Kyautar Zaɓin Zaɓin Masu Sihiri na Afirka don Mafi kyawun Jarumar fim.
Ta auri Langa Masina tun shekarar 2016.
Harsunan Chadi
Chadi tana da yarukan hukuma guda biyu, Faransanci da Ingilishi Na Zamani, da kuma yarukan asali sama da 120. Larabcin Chadi, shi ne harshen tarayyar al'umma da kuma harshen kasuwanci, faɗa ta 40-60% na al'ummar jihar. Yarukan hukuma biyu ba su da masu magana fiye da Larabcin Chadi. Masu magana da harshen 615,000 ne ke magana da harshen larabci na yau da kullun. Faransanci ana magana dashi a manyan biranen kamar N'Djamena da yawancin maza a kudancin ƙasar. Yawancin karatu a Faransanci ne.
Chadi ta gabatar da takardar neman shiga Ƙungiyar Kasashen Larabawa a matsayin mamba a ranar 25 ga Maris din shekarar 2014, wanda har yanzu ana jiran sa.
Harshen Kurame na Chadi ainihin Yaren Kurame ne na Nijeriya, yare ne na Yaren Kurame na Amurka; Andrew Foster ya gabatar da ASL a cikin shekarun 1960, da kuma malaman Chadian don horar da kurame a Najeriya.
Harsunan Afro-Asiya
( Ethnologue ya lissafa yarukan Chadi guda 54 a cikin Chadi gabaɗaya, yawancinsu ƙananan. )
Harsunan da ba'a ware ba
Harshen Lul (Lul)
Harshen Löl (Löl)
Marta Torrejón
Marta Torrejón Moya (an haife ta 27 ga watan Fabrairu shekarar 1990) ƙwararriyar ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta ƙasar Sipaniya wacce ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron baya ga FC Barcelona. Ta taba zama kyaftin din tawagar kasar Spain, inda ta buga wasanni 90 kuma ta ci kwallaye 8.
Aikin kungiya
Torrejón ya fara buga wasa a Superliga Femenina a Espanyol yana dan shekara 14 kacal. A cikin shekara ta 2011, ta fara ne a wasan karshe na Copa de la Reina de Fútbol, inda suka yi rashin nasara a cikin karin lokaci a gaban kulob din Barcelona na gaba.
Shekaru biyu bayan haka, tana da shekaru 23, ta sanya hannu a FC Barcelona kuma a halin yanzu ita ce kyaftin na uku na kungiyar.
A kakar wasa ta shekarar 2016-17, Barcelona ta kai wasan kusa da na karshe a gasar cin kofin zakarun nahiyar Turai ta mata a karon farko a tarihin kungiyar. An fitar da su 5-1 a kan jimlar Paris Saint Germain, inda Torrejón ya fara wasanni biyu. A kakar wasa ta shekarar 2018–19, ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kare Barcelona yayin da ta kai wasan karshe na gasar zakarun mata ta UEFA a karon farko a tarihin kungiyar. Torrejón ya fara wasannin biyu da Bayern, inda Barcelona ta ci 2-0 a jimillar. A ranar 18 ga watan Mayu shekarar 2019, Torrejón ya fara a FCB Femení ta farko ta gwagwalad UWCL ta ƙarshe da Lyon, wanda ya ci wasan da ci 4–1.
A cikin shekara ta 2020, Torrejón ya fito don duka matches a bugun farko na Supercopa Femenina. A wasan karshe da Real Sociedad ta zira kwallaye 4 daga cikin kwallaye 10 da Barcelona ta ci kuma aka nada ta MVP na gasar.
Ayyukan kasa da kasa
Torrejón ta fara buga babbar tawagar kasar Spain a watan Nuwamba 2007, da ci 1-0 a hannun Ingila a Shrewsbury.
A watan Yunin shekarar 2013 kocin tawagar 'yan wasan kasar Ignacio Quereda ya zabi Torrejón a cikin 'yan wasan da za su fafata a gasar UEFA Euro shekarar 2013 a Sweden. Ta buga kowane minti daya na kamfen din Spain, wanda ya kare da ci 3-1 a hannun Norway a wasan kusa da na karshe.
Ta kasance cikin 'yan wasan Spain da za su taka leda a gasar cin kofin duniya a Canada a shekara ta 2015, inda take wasa a kowane minti na kamfen din kungiyar. Bayan da Spain ta yi rashin nasara a wasanni biyu da suka tashi canjaras a matakin rukuni, ita da takwarorinta 22 daga gasar sun bukaci koci Ignacio Quereda ya yi murabus daga tawagar kasar.
Ta buga wasanni biyu a gasar cin kofin duniya ta shekarar 2019 a Faransa. Wasan da za ta yi da Jamus zai zama wasanta na karshe a Spain.
Bayan gasar cin kofin duniya ta shekarar 2019, ta sanar da yin murabus daga tawagar kasar a shafin Twitter. Ta yi ritaya da mafi yawan buga wasa ga ’yar wasan tawagar mata ta Spain da 90. Alexia Putellas ya zarce rikodin ta a ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba shekarar 2021.
Girmamawa
Espanyol
Barcelona
Spain