cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Laingsburg, Afirka ta Kudu
Asalin layin dogo
A cikin shekarun 1870s, gwamnatin Firayim Minista John Molteno ta lura da wani gagarumin faɗaɗa tsarin layin dogo na Cape Colony. Hanyar (wanda firaministan ya zaɓa tare da taswira, alƙalami da mai mulki) ya bi ta wata gona mai suna Vischkuil-aan-de-Buffelsrivier (tafkin kamun kifi a kan kogin Buffalo) wanda wani mutum mai suna Stephanus Greeff ya saya don manufar ci gaba.
Canje-canje suna
An kammala layin a cikin shekarar 1878 kuma an gina ƙaramin siding mai suna Buffelsrivier a gonar. Tare da hanyar jirgin ƙasa, ba da daɗewa ba wani gari ya fara haɓaka. Ba da daɗewa ba aka sake masa suna Nassau don guje wa ruɗani da Kogin Buffalo a Gabashin London, kuma a ƙarshe ya canza zuwa sunan Laingsburg, bayan John Laing wanda shi ne Kwamishinan Ƙasar Crown a lokacin. Tun da farko ana kiran garin Laing's Town, amma ba da dadewa ba 'yan Afirkan da ke magana da mazauna yankin suka fara kiransa da "Links Toon", wanda ke nufin yatsan hannu na hagu, don haka aka canza wa garin suna "Laingsburg".
Matsalolin muhalli a Mali
Canjin yanayi
Ko da yake Mali ba ta ba da gudummawa sosai ga hayakin iskar gas a duniya ba (GHG), tana cikin jerin ƙasashen da suka fi fuskantar sauyin yanayi. Sauyin yanayi na ƙaruwar duka da tsanani da yawaitar ambaliya da fari a ƙasar da kuma yiwuwar afkuwar bala'o'in yanayi. Hakanan yana iya yin illa ga samar da abinci da cututtuka,  kuma yana ƙara raunin zamantakewa tsakanin mazauna ƙasar.
Tasirin muhalli na Yaki
Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu
Aluminum na ɗaya daga cikin manyan albarkatun da yakin duniya na biyu ya shafa. Bauxite, aluminum tama da kuma ma'adinan cryolite sun kasance masu mahimmanci, da kuma buƙatar yawan wutar lantarki.
Laingsburg, Afirka ta Kudu
Municipal
An kafa garin a cikin 1881 kuma ya zama gunduma a cikin shekarar 1904. Tun daga lokacin an faɗaɗa ƙaramar Laingsburg zuwa Bergsig, Goldnerville da Matjiesfontein.
Tasirin muhalli na Yaki
Yakin Gulf da yakin Iraki
A lokacin yakin Gulf na shekarar 1991, gobarar mai ta Kuwaiti ta samo asali ne sakamakon mummunar siyasar da sojojin Iraqi suka yi na ja da baya daga Kuwait. Rikicin mai a yakin Gulf, wanda ake daukarsa a matsayin malalar mai mafi muni a tarihi, ya faru ne lokacin da sojojin Iraqi suka bude bawul a tashar mai na Tekun Island tare da zubar da mai daga wasu tankokin yaki zuwa Tekun Fasha. An kuma zubar da mai a tsakiyar sahara.
Aymen Mathluthi
Masana harkar kwallon kafar kasar sun yi la'akari da shi a matsayin mafi kyawun mai tsaron gida na Tunisia kuma daya daga cikin mafi kyawun masu tsaron gida na Afirka, wasu daga cikin halayensa da suka yi fice ban da mai tsaron gida, shi ne yadda yake sarrafa kwallon da kafafunsa da santsi, da digo a cikin filin bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida. Mathluthi ya lashe gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka na 2011 da aka gudanar a Sudan. Hukumar kwallon kafa ta Afrika CAF ta zabi Mathluthi a matsayin mai tsaron gida mafi kyawu a gasar cin kofin nahiyar Afirka ta 2015 da aka gudanar a kasar Equatorial Guinea, inda kuma aka saka shi cikin tawagar CAF na gasar. Shi ne mai tsaron gida na farko na Tunisia da Panama a wasan karshe na rukuni-rukuni na gasar cin kofin duniya na 2018, wanda kuma ya nuna wasansa na farko a gasar cin kofin duniya. An kira shi zuwa gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2022, zai kasance karo na biyu da ya wakilci kasarsa.
Tasirin muhalli na Yaki
Yakin Gulf da yakin Iraki
Kafin yakin Iraqi na shekara ta 2003, ita ma kasar Iraqi ta cinna wuta a wasu rijiyoyin mai.
Laingsburg, Afirka ta Kudu
Ambaliyar Flash ta 1981
A ranar 25 ga watan Janairu, 1981, a cikin shekara ɗari na Laingsburg, mafi girman ɓangaren garin ya shafe cikin mintuna kaɗan ta hanyar ambaliya mafi ƙarfi da aka taɓa samu a Babban Karoo. Bayan da wani gajimare ya fashe zuwa yankin arewa maso gabas da ke kudu da Komsberg, wata katafariyar katangar ruwa ta gangaro zuwa kogin Buffes tare da share duk wani abu da ya ci karo da shi a hanyarsa. Dabbobi, mutane da dukiyoyinsu an share su tare da jefar da su a ƙarƙashin ƙasa na mita. Masana kimiyyar ruwa sun ƙiyasta cewa ambaliya a Laingsburg mai girman wannan girman tana da tazarar maimaita sau ɗaya, a matsakaita, kowace shekara 100.
Aymen Mathluthi
Aikin kulob
Tun daga farkon shekarunsa, Mathluthi ya shiga cibiyar horar da kungiyar a garinsa (Djebel Lahmar a El Omrane), a filin wasan "Jeunesse Sportive d'El Omrane", inda ya yi horo a matsayin mai tsaron gida.
Dam ɗin Roode Els Berg
Dam ɗin Roode Elsberg, dam ne a Afirka ta Kudu kuma yana kan kogin Sanddrift, wasu 10 km arewa maso yamma da garin De Doorns a cikin Western Cape. Matsakaicin girman kamawar (139 km 2 ) kuma dam ɗin yana aiki da farko a zaman ajiya don amfanin gida da ban ruwa. Dam ɗin da aka kammala a shekarar 1969, an tsara shi, an gina shi kuma mallakar Sashen Kula da Ruwa ne kuma Ƙungiyar Masu Amfani da Ruwa na Hex Valley ke tafiyar da shi. Katangar madatsar ruwa ce mai lanƙwasa biyu tare da magudanar ruwan ogee da ba a sarrafa shi a cikin sashin kogin. Ana ba da alfanu a yatsan titin. Tsarin gallery na ɗakunan ajiya guda biyu masu haɗin kai a cikin jikin dam ɗin kansa da kuma tashoshi biyar a cikin tushe (biyu a hagu da uku a gefen dama) suna ba da magudanar ruwa da matsi ga dam.
Laingsburg, Afirka ta Kudu
Ambaliyar Flash ta 1981
Kafin ambaliyar ruwan, da farko ya fara da wani ruwa mai haske wanda manoman yankin suka yi maraba da shi, tun da ba a yawan samun ruwan sama. Amma, kasan yankin yana da irin yanayin da ba zai iya sha ruwan sama da yawa ba. Sakamakon haka shi ne cewa ruwa yana malalawa kai tsaye zuwa cikin koguna. Ruwa da aka gina a cikin Baviaans, Wilgerhout da Buffels Rivers da haɗuwarsu a ƙaramin gari. Kogunan sun girma cikin sauri daga ƙananan ƙoramai zuwa ga bangon ruwa mai ruri kusan 6 m girma. A cikin sa'o'i kaɗan garin ya kasance karkashin ruwa kuma mazauna garin sun yi yaki domin tsira da rayukansu.
Tasirin muhalli na Yaki
Yakin Gulf da yakin Iraki
Wasu jami'an sojan Amurka sun koka da ciwon Gulf War, wanda aka kwatanta da alamun cututtuka ciki har da tsarin rigakafi da lahani na haihuwa a cikin 'ya'yansu. Ko saboda lokacin da aka kashe a hidimar ƙwazo a lokacin yaƙin ko kuma don wasu dalilai ya kasance da cece-kuce.
Laingsburg, Afirka ta Kudu
Ambaliyar Flash ta 1981
A lokacin ambaliya 'The Great Trek Monument', wanda aka gina a Laingsburg a babban titi a shekarar 1938 don girmama bikin cika shekaru 100 na Babban Trek, an wanke. Bayan ambaliya an gano babban ɓangare na abin tunawa amma tudun abin tunawa ya bace. A cikin watan Yunin 2015 Andries Gertse ya murmure kwatsam a kan titin Buffelsriver a gadar Railroad. Bayan ambaliya an sake gina wani abin tunawa ba tare da asalin tudu ba, amma tare da wani sabon tudu akan Buffesriver kusa da N1. Tare da dawo da tushe na asali an kammala tarihin abin tunawa. Gundumar ta yanke shawarar sanya matattara a gidan kayan tarihi na Ambaliyar ruwa. Babban abin tunatarwa ne kan yadda ruwan ke da ƙarfi, don samun damar karya abin tunawa gida biyu, da ɗaukar guntuwar kilomitoci a cikin kogin.
Tasirin muhalli na Yaki
Hadarin muhalli
Albarkatu wata babbar hanyar rikici ce tsakanin al'ummomi : "bayan kawo karshen yakin cacar baka musamman, mutane da yawa sun yi nuni da cewa gurbacewar muhalli zai kara ta'azzara karanci kuma ya zama karin tushen rikicin makami." Rayuwar al'umma ya dogara ne da albarkatun da ake samu daga muhalli. Albarkatun da ke zama tushen rigingimun makamai sun haɗa da ƙasa, albarkatun albarkatun ƙasa, tushen makamashi, ruwa, da abinci. Don tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na albarkatun ƙasa, ƙasashe sun yi amfani da yaƙin sinadarai da makaman nukiliya don karewa ko fitar da albarkatu, da lokacin rikici. An yi amfani da waɗannan wakilan yaƙi akai-akai: “kusan tan 125,000 na sinadarai an yi amfani da su a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya, kuma kusan tan 96,000 a lokacin rikicin Vietnam da Nam.” Gas mai jijiya, wanda aka fi sani da organophosphorous anticholinesterases, an yi amfani da shi a matakan mutuwa akan mutane kuma ya lalata adadi mai yawa na mutanen kashin baya da invertebrate. Koyaya, gurɓataccen ciyayi galibi ba za a kiyaye shi ba, kuma zai haifar da barazana kawai ga ciyawa. Sakamakon sabbin abubuwa a yakin sinadarai ya haifar da nau'ikan sinadarai daban-daban don yaki da amfani da cikin gida, amma kuma ya haifar da lalacewar muhalli da ba a zata ba.
Humaira Begum
Humaira Begum ( Persian ; An haifeta a ranar 24 ga watan Yuli shekarata alif 1918 zuwa ranar 26 ga watan Yuni shekarata 2002) ta kasance matar kuma kanwar ta farko ga Sarki Mohammed Zahir Shah kuma uwargidan sarauniya ta karshe ta Afghanistan.
Aymen Mathluthi
Aikin kulob
A 1995, ya yanke shawarar shiga Club Africain. A shekara ta 2001, ya shiga babban tawagar kungiyar kuma ya zauna tare da su har tsawon shekaru 2. Daga baya, ya shiga Étoile du Sahel da ke Sousse a cikin 2003 kuma ya sami dukkan daukakar kasa da nahiya a kungiyar. Ya kuma halarci gasar cin kofin duniya na kungiyoyin kwallon kafa ta 2007 da aka yi a Japan kuma ya kare a matsayi na hudu bayan ya doke tawagar Mexico CF Pachuca a wasan kusa da na karshe da ci 1-0.
Mutanen Nafana
'Yan ƙabilar Nafana 'yan ƙabilar Senufo people ne da ke zaune a tsakiyar arewa maso yammacin Ghana da kuma arewa maso gabashin Cote d'Ivoire, a yankin gabashin Bondoukou. Adadin su kusan 45,000 (SIL/GILLBT 1992) kuma suna jin Nafaanra, yaren Senufo. An kewaye su da masu magana da Gurgu a arewa, Mande keɓe da ke magana da mutanen Ligbi a gabas, kuma Akan yana magana da Abron a kudu.
Tasirin muhalli na Yaki
Hadarin muhalli
Ci gaban yakin da tasirinsa ga muhalli ya ci gaba da kera makaman kare dangi. Yayin da a yau, makaman na lalata jama'a suna aiki a matsayin hanawa da kuma amfani da makaman da aka yi amfani da su a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu ya haifar da lalata muhalli mai yawa. A kan babban hasarar da ake yi a rayuwar ɗan adam, “albarkatun halitta galibi su ne suka fara shan wahala: daji da namun daji ana shafe su.” Yakin nukiliya yana haifar da tasiri kai tsaye da kuma kaikaice akan muhalli. Lalacewa ta jiki saboda fashewar ko ta hanyar lalacewa ta biospheric saboda ionizing radiation ko radiotoxicity kai tsaye yana shafar yanayin halittu a cikin radius mai fashewa. Hakanan, rikicewar yanayi ko yanayin ƙasa da makaman ke haifarwa na iya haifar da yanayi da sauyin yanayi.
Humaira Begum
Sarauniyar Afghanistan
A ranar 8 gawatan Nuwamba shekarar  alif 1933 bayan kisan da aka yi wa surukanta Mohammed Nadir Shah an nada mijinta Sarki kuma Humaira ta zama Sarauniyar Afganistan.
Mutanen Nafana
Asalin su
Mutanen Nafana sun ce sun fito ne daga Cote d’Ivoire, daga wani ƙauye da ake kira Kakala. A cewar Jordan (1978), tarihinsu na baka ya ce wasu daga cikin mutanensu suna nan, kuma idan sun koma ba za a bar su su sake ba. Sun isa yankin Banda ne bayan mutanen Ligbi, wadanda a cewar Stahl (2004) suka fito daga Bigu (Begho, Bighu) zuwa yankin a farkon karni na 17. Wasu manyan garuruwan mutanen Nafana sun hada da Sampa, Kokoa, Duadaso No 1, Duadaso No 2, Jamera, da Kabile wadanda ke cikin gundumar Jaman ta Arewa. Brodi da Debibi suna cikin gundumar Tain. Banda Ahenkro a gundumar Banda. Mutanen dai manoma ne. Babban bikinsu shi ne bikin Songhei wanda ya fi asali a JAMALA ko jamera da ake yi duk shekara. Mutanen nafana su ne ainihin wadanda za su iya gano asalinsu daga daular Songhai. Babban garinsu na al'adun gargajiya shi ne JAMERA inda duk tarihinsu da al'adunsu ya ginu.
Aymen Mathluthi
Aikin kulob
A ranar 27 ga Janairu 2018, ya koma kulob din Al-Batin na Saudiyya a kan musayar kyauta. A kan 23 Yuli 2018, ya koma Club Africain, inda ya fara aikinsa na ƙwararru, a cikin yarjejeniyar shekaru biyu. Daga baya ya koma Saudiyya, a wannan karon zuwa Al-Adalah sannan ya dawo Étoile du Sahel.
Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli a Venezuela
Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli a Venezuela sun haɗa da abubuwan halitta kamar girgizar ƙasa, ambaliya, zabtarewar duwatsu, zabtarewar laka, da fari lokaci-lokaci.
Tasirin muhalli na Yaki
Bam da ba a fashe ba
Yaƙin neman zaɓe na soja yana buƙatar manyan makamai masu fashewa, ɗan ƙaramin abin da ba zai tashi da kyau ba kuma ya bar makaman da ba a fashe ba. Hakan na haifar da mummunar illa ta zahiri da sinadarai ga al'ummar farar hula da ke zaune a yankunan da a da suka kasance yankunan yaki, saboda yiwuwar fashewa bayan rikicin, da kuma zubar da sinadarai a cikin kasa da ruwan karkashin kasa.
Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli a Venezuela
Kasar Venezuela tana cikin jerin kasashe masu bambancin muhalli a duniya. Duk da haka, ta sami babban lalacewar muhalli. Tana da kashi na uku mafi girma na sare dazuzzuka a Kudancin Amurka Dam din Guri, daya daga cikin mafi girma a duniya, ya mamaye wani katafaren dazuzzukan dazuzzuka kuma a yanzu haka yana cike da dazuzzukan da ake jibgewa da ruwa daga wuraren da aka sare dazuka. Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli sun haɗa da gurɓataccen ruwan najasa zuwa tafkin Valencia, gurbatar mai da birane na tafkin Maracaibo, sare bishiyoyi, lalata ƙasa, da gurɓacewar birni da masana'antu, musamman a bakin tekun Caribbean. Abubuwan da ke damun su a yanzu sun haɗa da ayyukan hakar ma'adinai marasa ma'ana waɗanda ke yin barazana ga yanayin dajin damina da kuma 'yan asalin ƙasar. Gwamnatoci masu zuwa sun yi ƙoƙarin haɓaka ƙa'idodin muhalli. Koyaya, kawai kashi 35 zuwa 40 cikin 100 na ƙasar Venezuela ake kayyade zuwa yanzu, kashi 29 a matsayin wani ɓangare na wuraren shakatawa na ƙasa.
Aymen Mathluthi
Ayyukan kasa da kasa
A watan Yunin 2018 an saka shi cikin jerin 'yan wasa 23 da Tunisia za ta buga a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA 2018 a Rasha. Bayan ya zauna a benci na wasanni biyu, a karshe an ba shi damar buga gasar cin kofin duniya mai cike da tarihi a wasan karshe da Panama sakamakon raunin da Mouez Hassen da Farouk Ben Mustapha suka yi.
Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli a Venezuela
Venezuela ta amince da yarjejeniyoyin kasa da kasa guda 14 game da kare muhalli da ci gaba mai dorewa, yayin da kuma take daukar matakai na sa ido a cikin gida don karewa da adana arzikin kasar. Venezuela tana da wuraren shakatawa na kasa guda 43 da abubuwan tarihi guda 36, kuma ita ce kasa a Latin Amurka wacce ke da kaso mafi girma na filayen kariya, tare da sama da kashi 55 cikin 100 na yankinta. (Gidajen shakatawa da abubuwan tarihi kashi 17 ne kawai na wannan jimillar; sauran wuraren da aka karewa suna wajen wuraren shakatawa da abubuwan tunawa. ) Ƙasar ta kasance ta biyu a Kudancin Amirka kuma ta tara a duniya akan Happy Planet Index na shekarata 2012, tare da maki 56.9.
Aymen Mathluthi
Rayuwa ta sirri
Mathluthi yayi aure a ranar 13 ga Mayu 2016. Ya yi bikin aurensa a Sousse tare da dangi da abokansa na Étoile du Sahel da tawagar Tunisia.
Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli a Venezuela
Zulia-Falcón yankin
Najasaccen najasa marasa adadi tare da ba kawai sharar mutane ba har da sinadarai suna kwarara cikin teku a duk bakin tekun.
Aymen Mathluthi
Kulob
ES Sahel
Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli a Venezuela
Gabashin Venezuela
Yawan malalar mai a baya-bayan nan ya haifar da gurbatar ruwa. Sannan Kuma A cikin Fabrairun shekarata 2012 wani bututun PDVSA ya fashe kusa da Kogin Guarapiche kuma ya lalata shi na kwanaki da yawa. Ma’aikatan da ke kula da aikin sun ki rufe fanfunan tuka-tuka ne saboda ba su so a dakatar da aikin, wanda hakan ya janyo gurbacewar muhalli mai yawa. Wani dam da ke samar da ruwa ga Maturín an ce ya gurɓace, duk da cewa gwamnatin ƙasar ta musanta hakan. Hakan dai ya janyo cece-kuce tsakanin gwamnatin kasar da gwamnan Monagas.
Kogin Valencia da Basin Basin
Tafkin Valencia, wanda Alexander von Humboldt ya yaba masa saboda kyawunsa, ya gurɓata sosai saboda najasa marasa adadi da ke zubar da ragowar.
Tasirin muhalli na Yaki
Agent Orange
Agent Orange ya kasance daya daga cikin maganin ciyawa da lalata da sojojin Burtaniya suka yi amfani da su a lokacin Gaggawa na Malayan da sojojin Amurka a cikin shirinta na yakin herbicidal, Operation Ranch Hand, a lokacin yakin Vietnam. An kiyasta 21,136,000 gal. (80 000 m³) na Agent Orange an fesa a duk Kudancin Vietnam. A cewar gwamnatin Vietnam, mutane miliyan 4.8 na Vietnam zuwa Agent Orange, wanda ya haifar da mutuwar 400,000 da nakasa, da yara 500,000 da aka haifa tare da lahani. Kungiyar agaji ta Red Cross ta Vietnam ta yi kiyasin cewa mutane kusan miliyan daya ne suka nakasa ko kuma suna da matsalolin lafiya sakamakon Agent Orange. Gwamnatin Amurka ta kira wadannan alkaluman marasa abin dogaro.
Boggo Road Gaol
Boggo Road Gaol a Brisbane, Ostiraliya, shine babban gidan yari na Queensland daga 1880s zuwa, 1980s, wanda a lokacin ya zama sananne ga rashin yanayi da tarzoma. Ana zaune akan titin Annerley a cikin Dutton Park, yanki na kudu na Brisbane, shine kawai gaol mai tsira a cikin Queensland wanda ke nuna, ka'idodin penological na karni na 19. Bayan rufewa a cikin 1992, an rushe babban ɓangaren 1960s, yana barin sashin da aka lissafa (wanda aka gina a matsayin gidan yarin mata a 1905), wanda ke buɗe wa jama'a ta hanyar balaguron jagororin da Boggo Road Gaol Pty Ltd. ke gudanarwa.
Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli a Venezuela
Kogin Valencia da Basin Basin
Matakan gurɓatawa a cikin yankin Carabobo gabaɗaya sun ƙaru a cikin shekaru. Bayan da gwamnan Carabobo ya yi tir da ruwan famfo da cewa ba za a iya sha ba, Hugo Chávez ya ce hakan wani bangare ne na ajandar tsoro kuma abin da gwamnan 'yan adawa ya ce yana da 'kusan aikata laifi'.
Kwararar ruwa
Rushewar saman (wanda kuma aka sani da kwararar ƙasa ) shi ne kwararar ruwa da ke faruwa a saman ƙasa lokacin da yawan ruwan sama, ruwan narkewa, ko wasu hanyoyin, ba zai iya shiga cikin ƙasa cikin sauri ba. Wannan na iya faruwa ne lokacin da ƙasa ta cika da ruwa gwargwadon ƙarfinta, kuma ruwan sama ya zo da sauri fiye da yadda ƙasa za ta iya sha. Sau da yawa zubar ruwan saman yana faruwa ne saboda. wuraren da ba su da kyau (kamar rufin da pavement ) ba sa barin ruwa ya jiƙa cikin ƙasa. Bugu da ƙari, zubar da ruwa na iya faruwa ko dai ta hanyar tsarin halitta ko na mutum. Zubar da ruwan sama babban sashi ne na zagayowar ruwa. Ita ce wakili na farko na zaizayar ƙasa ta ruwa. Yankin ƙasar da ke samar da magudanar ruwa wanda ke malalawa zuwa wuri guda ana kiransa magudanar ruwa.
Boggo Road Gaol
An san shi a hukumance da "Brisbane Gaol" amma an fisanin shi da sunan "Titin Boggo" bayan sunan asalin hanyar Annerley. Wani sabon titi da aka kafa bayan 1996 yanzu yana da sunan Boggo Road.
Tasirin muhalli na Yaki
Agent Orange
Yawancin ma'aikatan Commonwealth waɗanda suka kula da/ko suka yi amfani da Agent Orange a cikin shekaru da yawa bayan rikicin Malayan na shekarar 1948-1960 sun sha wahala daga mummunan bayyanar dioxin. Agent Orange kuma ya haifar da zaizayar ƙasa zuwa yankuna a Malaya. Kimanin fararen hula 10,000 da masu tayar da kayar baya a Malaya suma sun sha fama da illar lalata, kodayake masana tarihi da yawa sun yarda cewa mai yiwuwa sama da 10,000 an yi amfani da Agent Orange a cikin gaggawar Malayan kuma ba kamar Amurka ba, gwamnatin Burtaniya ta yi amfani da shi. lambobi da kuma kiyaye tura ta a asirce a cikin fargabar mummunan koma baya daga kasashen waje.
Laingsburg, Afirka ta Kudu
Ambaliyar Flash ta 1981
( Source Ronny Van den Hoeck - Tafiya ta Pongoa - Jagoran Kasa ta Afirka ta Kudu - Hartbeespoortdam) (Madogararsa - Gidan Tarihi na Ruwa na Laingsburg)
Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli a Venezuela
Kogin Valencia da Basin Basin
Garin Valencia, Los Guayos, Guacara da sauran wurare da yawa suna samun ruwansu daga madatsar ruwan Pao-Cachinche zuwa kudancin Valencia. Kuma A lokaci guda, wannan dam yana samun kusan kashi 80% na tsarin najasa daga Valencia. Wuraren da aka gina don kula da ruwa, alhakin cibiyar gwamnati ta Hidrocentro, suna cikin lalacewa. A shekara ta 2007 gwamnatin kasar ta yanke shawarar tura ruwa daga tafkin Valencia - ruwan da bai dace da amfani da dan adam ba - zuwa madatsar ruwa ta Pao-Cachinche. Ya shigar da injin yin famfo a Los Guayos don yin wannan.
Boggo Road Gaol
Tarihi
A cikin shekara ta 1850s, gundumar da gaol ya kasance daga baya an san shi da sunan, 'Boggo' ba bisa ka'ida ba, kuma a cikin 1860s ana kiran waƙar ta yankin da Boggo Road.
Laingsburg, Afirka ta Kudu
Yanayin Ƙasa
Laingsburg yana kan hanyar N1, a Lat: -33.20, Dogon: 20.85, a lardin Western Cape na Afirka ta Kudu.
Tasirin muhalli na Yaki
Gwajin makaman nukiliya
An gudanar da gwajin makaman nukiliya a wurare daban-daban da suka hada da Bikini Atoll, da tsibirin Marshall Islands Pacific Proving Grounds, New Mexico a Amurka, Mururoa Atoll, Maralinga a Australia, da Novaya Zemlya a tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet, da sauransu.
Laingsburg, Afirka ta Kudu
Tattalin Arziki
Tattalin arzikin Laingsburg ya dogara ne a kan noma da kiwon awaki, tumaki, lucerne (Alfalfa), ' ya'yan itace da kayan marmari.
Manazarta
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Boggo Road Gaol
Tarihi
An bayyana cewa sunan ya samo asali ne saboda yankin ya yi kaca-kaca a lokacin damina. Wata ka'idar ita ce Boggo (ko 'Bloggo' ko 'Bolgo') lalata ce ta kalmar Aborijin da ke nufin 'bishiyu masu jingina', kuma an sanya wa titin sunan fitattun bishiyoyi guda biyu a ko dai One-Mile Swamp ko kuma abin da yake yanzu Wilkins. Titin, kashe titin Annerley. Wata yuwuwar ita ce hanyar Boggo ta kasance gajeriyar hanya ce wacce ba ta hukuma ba kuma wacce ba a kula da ita ba tsakanin titin Ipswich da titin Stanley wanda ya zama bugu sosai bayan ruwan sama. Hanyar Boggo a hukumance an sake masa suna Annerley Road a cikin 1903, amma sunan gaol ɗin da aka daɗe ana amfani da shi ya tsaya.
Humaira Begum
Sarauniyar Afghanistan
A zamanin mulkin mijinta na farko, Sarauniya Humaira ba ta taka rawar gani a fili ba. An tsige Sarki Amanullah Khan ne a shekara ta 1929 saboda rashin gamsuwa da wani bangare na misalin Sarauniya Soraya Tarzi, wacce ta bayyana a bainar jama'a tare da bayyana mijinta, kuma magajinsa ya maido da lullubi da keɓancewar jinsi tare da haifar da koma baya ga 'yancin mata. A cikin shekarun 1930, matan sarautar sun ci gaba da yin ado da kayan gargajiya na yammacin Turai a cikin gidan sarautar Kabul da ke kewaye, amma sun koma lullube kansu a cikin lullubin gargajiya lokacin da suka bar gidan sarauta, kuma sun daina nuna kansu a bainar jama'a.
Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli a Venezuela
Dazuzzuka
Venezuela tana da ma'anar daidaiton yanayin gandun daji na shekarar 2018 yana nufin maki 8.78/10, wanda ke matsayi na 19 a duniya cikin kasashe 172.
Tasirin muhalli na Yaki
Gwajin makaman nukiliya
Downwinders mutane ne da al'ummomin da ke fuskantar gurɓataccen radiyo da / ko ɓarnawar nukiliya daga yanayin yanayi da / ko gwajin makaman nukiliya na ƙasa, da haɗarin nukiliya.
Aymen Mathluthi
Ƙasashen Duniya
Tunisiya
Humaira Begum
Sarauniyar Afghanistan
Wannan ya canza bayan yakin duniya na biyu, lokacin da gwamnati ta ga sauye-sauye na zamani ya zama dole, ciki har da gyare-gyare a matsayin mata. A cikin Shwkara ta1946, Sarauniya Humaira ta zama mai ba da kariya ga sabuwar ƙungiyar jin daɗin mata da aka kafa, wacce ita ce cibiyar mata ta farko a Afghanistan, kuma ta nuna sake dawo da ƙungiyoyin mata. Lokacin da Mohammed Daoud Khan ya zama firaminista a shekarar 1953, ci gaban 'yantar da mata ya fara tafiya cikin sauri, kuma matan gidan sarauta, tare da Sarauniya a matsayin babban jigo, an ba su wani muhimmin aiki a matsayin abin koyi a cikin wannan tsari. Sun fara halartar ayyukan jama'a, a farkon lullube. A cikin shekara ta alif 1959, ta goyi bayan kiran da Firayim Minista Mohammed Daoud Khan ya yi na mata da su cire mayafin da kansu ta hanyar cire nata. Wannan wani babban al'amari ne a tarihin mata a kasar Afganistan, sannan kuma wani bangare ne da gangan a cikin manufofin 'yantar da mata na gwamnatin Daoud a wancan lokaci. An shirya matakin a tsanake ta hanyar gabatar da mata ma'aikata a gidan rediyon Kabul a shekarar 1957, inda aka tura mata wakilai zuwa taron matan Asiya a birnin Kairo, da kuma daukar 'yan mata arba'in aiki a masana'antar tukwane ta gwamnati a shekarar 1958. Lokacin da wannan ba a gamu da tarzoma ba, gwamnati ta yanke shawarar cewa lokaci ya yi da za a kaddamar da matakin mai cike da cece-kuce. A cikin watan Agustan shekara ta alif 1959, a rana ta biyu na bikin Jeshyn, Sarauniya Humaira da Gimbiya Bilqis sun bayyana a cikin akwatin sarauta a faretin soja da aka gabatar, tare da matar Firayim Minista, Zamina Begum.
Aymen Mathluthi
Mutum
An nada Mathluthi a cikin wadanda suka maye gurbin 2016 CAF Team of the Year, amma shi ne mai tsaron gida na farko a 2017.
Tasirin muhalli na Yaki
Strontium-90
Gwamnatin Amurka ta yi nazari kan illolin Strontium-90, wani isotope na rediyoaktif wanda aka samu a lalata makaman nukiliya bayan yakin. Hukumar makamashi ta Atomic ta gano cewa "Sr-90, wanda ke da kama da sinadarai kamar calcium, na iya tarawa a cikin kasusuwa kuma yana iya haifar da ciwon daji ". Sr-90 ya sami hanyar shiga cikin ɗan adam ta hanyar sarkar abinci ta muhalli kamar yadda ɓarna a cikin ƙasa, tsire-tsire ne suka karbe su, sun ƙara maida hankali a cikin dabbobin ciyawa, kuma a ƙarshe mutane suka cinye su.
Humaira Begum
Sarauniyar Afghanistan
Wannan mataki da ya janyo cece-kuce ya fuskanci fushin malaman addinin Islama, inda wasu gungun malamai suka aikewa firaministan wasikar nuna rashin amincewarsu da neman a mutunta kalaman shari'a. Firayim Minista ya amsa ta hanyar gayyatar su zuwa babban birnin kasar kuma ya ba shi tabbacin cewa nassi mai tsarki ya bukaci chadri. Lokacin da malamai suka kasa samun irin wannan nassi, Firayim Minista ya bayyana cewa 'yan uwa mata na gidan sarauta ba za su sake sanya mayafi ba, saboda shari'ar Musulunci ba ta bukaci hakan ba. Yayin da ba a taba dakatar da chadri ba, misali Sarauniya da uwargidan Firayim Minista sun yi koyi da matan da 'ya'yan jami'an gwamnati da kuma wasu matan birane na manya da matsakaita, inda aka san Kubra Noorzai da Masuma Esmati-Wardak. a matsayin majagaba na farko a tsakanin talakawan kasa.
Boggo Road Gaol
Tarihi
A cikin shekara ta1863, an keɓe ƙasa daga hanyar Boggo a matsayin ajiyar gwamnati, a ƙarshe an yi shelar gaol Reserve a 1880. An buɗe shingen cell na farko a ranar 2 ga Yuli 1883, wanda Robert Porter ya gina, ya ƙunshi sel guda 57, kuma an gina shi ta amfani da kayan da aka rusa daga gidan yarin Petrie Terrace. A cikin 1903, an gina sabon gidan yari don ɗaukar fursunoni mata. Wannan daga baya ya zama sananne da sunan No.2 Division, kuma yanzu shine yanki daya tilo da yake tsaye, kuma an jera shi a cikin Rajista na Gado na Jihar Queensland. Rukunin 'No.1 Division' da aka gina a 1883 shine wurin da aka rataye 42, gami da rataye Ernest Austin a 1913 — kisa na ƙarshe a Queensland. An gina sabon gidan yari a kusa da kewayen gidan yarin na 1 a shekarun 1960 kuma an ruguje gidan yari na 1 da aka bar wurin da zai bar wurin zama na oval da na nishadi na sabon gidan yarin da aka gina, wanda ke da ruwan sanyi da kayan bayan gida a dukkan dakunan. A karkashin oval akwai wurin da aka fi sani da "black hole" inda fursunoni ke fuskantar "hukunci". "Baƙar rami" ya ci gaba da amfani har zuwa ƙarshen 80s. An kuma gina sabon gaol na mata a wannan lokacin. An tsara wannan gaol ne da farko don kula da fursunoni maza 40 waɗanda ke zama wurin tsare fursunonin da ke kan hanyar zuwa tsibirin St Helena a Moreton Bay. Koyaya, ya zuwa 1989 akwai fursunoni maza 187 kuma wurin mata yana da ƙarin fursunoni kusan 200.
Tasirin muhalli na Yaki
Ƙarshe makaman uranium
Amfani da ƙarancin uranium a cikin munitions yana da cece-kuce saboda tambayoyi da yawa game da yuwuwar tasirin lafiya na dogon lokaci. Yin aiki na yau da kullun na koda, kwakwalwa, hanta, zuciya, da sauran tsarin abubuwa da yawa na iya shafar tasirin uranium, saboda ban da kasancewa mai rauni na rediyo, uranium ƙarfe ne mai guba. Ya kasance mai rauni mai rauni saboda tsawon rabin rayuwarsa. Aerosol da aka samar a lokacin tasiri da konewar gurbacewar makaman uranium na iya gurɓata wurare masu faɗi da ke kusa da wuraren da abin ya shafa ko farar hula da sojoji za su iya shakarsu. A cikin tsawon makonni uku na rikici a Iraki a shekara ta 2003, an kiyasta sama da tan 1000 na makaman Uranium da aka yi amfani da su akasari a birane. Ma'aikatar tsaron Amurka ta yi iƙirarin cewa babu wani nau'in kansar ɗan adam da aka gani sakamakon kamuwa da sinadarin uranium na halitta ko na ƙarshe. ￼
Felicia Abban
Felicia Abban (née Ansah; haifaffiyar 1935 ) ita ce ƙwararriyar mace ta farko a Ghana. Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai daukar hoto ga shugaban Ghana na farko, Kwame Nkrumah, na shekaru masu yawa a cikin shekarun 1960.
Mirza Ghulam Ahmad
Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (13 ga Fabrairu, 1835 - Mayu 26, 1908), shugaban addini ne na ƙarni na 19. Ya kafa ƙungiyar Ahmadiyya a cikin Musulunci. Bisa koyarwar Ahmadi, shi ne annabi na ƙarshe, da kuma Mahdi da Masihu. Ahmadiyya sun yi imani da cewa shi ne Mujaddadi na ƙarni na 14 na Musulunci.
Rayuwar farko
An haifi Ghulam a Qadian, Punjab a Indiya a shekara ta 1835, ɗan tagwaye ne da aka haifa ga dangi masu arziki. An ruwaito cewa ya shafe lokaci mai tsawo a masallaci da kuma karatun Alkur’ani da addininsa na Musulunci. Hakan bai kai shi ga cika burin mahaifinsa na ɗansa ya zama lauya ko ma'aikacin gwamnati ba. Yayi yunƙurin zama lauya amma ya kasa cin jarabawar. A cikin karatunsa na karatun batutuwan addini, ya kan yi mu'amala da Musulmai da dama, waɗanda ba Musulmi ba, da kuma Kiristocin Mishan da zai yi muhawara.
Kafin da'awarsa
Sa'ad da Ghulam yana da shekara talatin da biyar mahaifinsa ya rasu. A wannan lokacin Ghulam ya yi iƙirarin cewa Allah ya fara magana da shi, sau da yawa ta hanyar wahayi kai tsaye. Da farko dai, rubuce-rubucen Ghulam daga wannan lokaci an yi niyya ne don fuskantar abin da yake ganin cewa rubuce-rubuce ne na adawa da Musulunci da suka samo asali daga ƙungiyoyin mishan na Kirista daban-daban. Ya kuma mayar da hankali wajen daƙile illolin ƙungiyoyi daban-daban irin su Brahmo Samaj. A wannan lokacin na rayuwarsa ya samu karɓuwa daga wajen malaman addinin musulunci na lokacin.
Tasirin muhalli na Yaki
Ƙarshe makaman uranium
Duk da haka, nazarin DoD na Amurka ta yin amfani da ƙwayoyin al'ada da kuma rodents na dakin gwaje-gwaje na ci gaba da ba da shawarar yiwuwar leukemogenic, kwayoyin halitta, haifuwa, da kuma ciwon daji daga bayyanar cututtuka na kullum.
Mirza Ghulam Ahmad
Buga da'awar
Yayin da lokaci ya ci gaba, rubuce-rubucensa sun fara nuna iƙirarinsa na zama mujaddadi ko mai kawo sauyi a zamaninsa. An haɗa waɗannan rubuce-rubucen ne a cikin daya daga cikin sanannun ayyukansa: Barahin Ahmadiyya, wani aiki da ya ƙunshi mujalladi 5 yayin da tun farko ya tsara mujalladi 50. Ya bayyana cewa tunda 50 da 5 kawai akwai digo, don haka alkawarinsa ya cika. A cikin littattafai na gaba, da gaske zai yi iƙirarin cewa shi ne Almasihun Islama. Wannan ya tabbatar kuma yana ci gaba da zama da jayayya, kamar yadda tunanin Islama na al'ada ya ɗauka cewa Yesu shine Almasihu, wanda da kansa zai dawo cikin jiki a ƙarshen zamani. Ghulam ya fuskanci wannan ta hanyar da'awar cewa Yesu ya mutu, kuma a haƙiƙa ya tsira daga gicciye ya mutu a Indiya. A cewar Ghulam, Mahdin da aka yi alƙawarinsa ya kasance mai ruhi ne, ba shugaban soja ba kamar yadda yawancin musulmi suka yi imani da shi. Da wannan shela, ya kuma fara ficewa daga ra'ayin gargajiya na Jihadi, ya kuma bayyana shi a matsayin yaki na "ruhi" maimakon na zahiri. Bugu da ƙari ga waɗannan da'awar da ake jayayya, daga baya zai yi iƙirarin cewa Guru Nanak, Sikh Guru na farko, ya kasance musulmi.
Tasirin muhalli na Yaki
Ƙarshe makaman uranium
Bugu da kari, Sabis na Kotun Daukaka Kara na Burtaniya a farkon shekara ta 2004 ya danganta da'awar lahani na haihuwa daga wani tsohon soja na yakin Gulf na Fabrairu 1991 zuwa rage gubar uranium. Gangamin yaƙi da Uranium da aka Rasa (Spring, 2004) Har ila yau, wani bita na 2005 game da annoba ya ƙare: "A cikin jimlar shaidar cutar ta ɗan adam ta yi daidai da haɗarin lahani na haihuwa a cikin zuriyar mutanen da aka fallasa ga DU."
Mirza Ghulam Ahmad
Buga da'awar
Wadannan rubuce-rubucen sun fara karkatar da manyan malamai na musulmi (malaman addini) a kansa, kuma ana yi masa lakabi da dan bidi'a. Wasu dai sun zargi Ghulam da yin aiki da turawan Ingila waɗanda suke kokarin amfani da shi wajen kawar da manufar Jihadi daga Musulman Indiya.
Felicia Abban
Rayuwar farko
Abban ya yi karatu a wurinsa na tsawon shekaru hudu masu zuwa yana aikin sana'arta kuma tana da shekaru 18 Felicia ta sake zama daga Takoradi zuwa Accra, inda ta kafa nata studio. Ta koma Accra a nan ne ta gina ta kafa nata studio domin fara aikin nata. A cikin ƴan watanni ta buɗe kasuwancinta, “Mrs. Felicia Abban Day and Night Quality Art Studio" a tsakiyar Jamestown, Accra a 1955.
Mirza Ghulam Ahmad
Buga da'awar
Ghulam ya kafa ƙungiyar Ahmadiyya a shekarar 1889. Ya yi ikirarin cewa Harkar Ahmadiyya ta tsaya a kan Musulunci, kamar yadda Kiristanci ya tsaya kan Yahudanci a lokacin Annabi Isa. Manufar wannan yunkuri a cewar Ghulam shi ne yaɗa abin da ya ke ganin shi ne Musulunci a sigarsa. Ana iya taƙaita koyarwar Mirza Ghulam da ta sha bamban da sauran musulmi na lokacin kamar haka;
Tasirin muhalli na Yaki
Ƙarshe makaman uranium
A cewar wani bincike na shekarar 2011 da Alaani et al., raguwar bayyanar uranium ko dai shine dalili na farko ko kuma yana da alaka da abin da ke haifar da lahani da ciwon daji. Bisa ga labarin mujallar shekara ta 2012 ta Al-Hadithi et al., binciken da ake ciki da kuma shaidar bincike ba ya nuna "ƙananan karuwa a cikin lahani na haihuwa" ko "bayani mai yiwuwa na yiwuwar bayyanar muhalli ciki har da uranium mai lalacewa". Labarin ya ci gaba da cewa "a zahiri babu wata kwakkwarar shaida da ke nuna cewa lahani na kwayoyin halitta na iya tasowa daga bayyanar da iyaye ga DU a kowane yanayi."
Humaira Begum
Sarauniyar Afghanistan
Bayan wannan taron, Sarauniya Humaira ta shiga cikin ayyukan wakilci na sarauta kuma ta halarci ayyukan jama'a da aka gabatar. Ta shiga cikin ayyukan agaji kuma ta ziyarci asibitoci da abubuwan da suka shafi jama'a.
Boggo Road Gaol
Tarihi
Zanga-zangar da aka yi a gaol a cikin shekarun 1970s an ga fursunoni sun yi yajin yunwa, wato suqi cin abinci zanga-zangar saman rufin asiri, da tarzoma kan rashin kyawun yanayi da kulawa. Gidan yarin ya kasance koyaushe cikin kanun labarai kuma ya zama sananne a cikin Ostiraliya. Salon da ke gidan yarin na 2 ba su da wani nau'in tsaftar muhalli, kuma babu kayan aikin wanke-wanke. Ana buƙatar fursunonin su yi amfani da guga da yamma don hutun bayan gida kuma su zubar da shi, ko 'slop out', da safe. Wani bincike da Gwamnatin Queensland ta gudanar kan yanayin zaman gidajen yarin Jihohi, ya gano titin Boggo ta tsufa kuma ba ta wadatar da bukatun fursunoni. A'a. An rufe 2 Division a 1989. A'a. An rufe rukunin 1 a cikin 1992 kuma an rushe shi a cikin 1996 (ƙananan ɓangaren abin da yake "C5" kuma hasumiya mai gadi har yanzu tana nan). Gidan yarin mata ya yi aiki har zuwa 2000 kuma an rushe shi a cikin 2006.
Tasirin muhalli na Yaki
Amfanin mai
Tare da babban digiri na injiniyoyi na soja ana amfani da yawan man fetur mai yawa. Kasusuwan burbushin halittu sune babban mai ba da gudummawa ga dumamar yanayi da sauyin yanayi, batutuwan da ke ƙara damuwa. Samun albarkatun man fetur kuma shi ne dalilin haddasa yaki.
Felicia Abban
Rayuwar farko
Mijin Felicia, Robert Annan, shi ne ya kera wannan masana’anta da hoton Kwame Nkrumah a kan furanni tare da taswirar Ghana domin bikin samun ‘yancin kai a shekarar 1957. Fadin Abban kuma yana kusa da wasu dakunan karatu da suka hada da J.K. Bruce Vanderpuije's "Deo Gratias" da James Barnor's "Ever Young Studio". Sun kuma ba da gudummawa ga tarihin masu daukar hoto na Ghana a wannan lokacin. Wannan ya kasance har yanzu kafin Ghana ta sami 'yancin kai kuma "Deo Gratias shine mafi tsufa ɗakin daukar hoto har yanzu yana aiki a Accra. Kakan Tamakloe James Koblah Bruce-Vanderpuije ne ya kafa shi a cikin 1922, ya sami suna don tattara mahimman abubuwan da suka faru a tarihin ƙasar. Gidan daukar hoto na James Barnor a farkon shekarun 1950 kuma ya dauki lokaci na fitattun fitattun mutane da manyan jiga-jigan siyasa, ciki har da firaministan Ghana na farko, Kwame Nkrumah yayin da yake kokarin samar da hadin kan kasashen Afirka baki daya da 'yancin kai daga mulkin mallaka. A farkon rayuwar Abban ta kuma yi aiki da Kamfanin Dillancin Labarai na Guinea, wanda a yanzu ake kira The Ghana Times, wadda ita ce mawallafin jam'iyyar Convention People's Party na Kwame Nkrumah lokacin da ya zama shugaban kasa.
Humaira Begum
Ƙaura
A ranar 17 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1973, yayin da mijinta ke Italiya ana yi masa tiyatar ido da kuma maganin lumbago, dan uwansa kuma tsohon Firayim Minista Mohammed Daoud Khan, wanda Zahir Shah ya tsige daga mukaminsa shekaru goma da suka gabata, ya yi juyin mulki. kuma ya kafa gwamnatin jamhuriya. A cikin watan Agustan da ya biyo bayan wannan juyin mulkin, Zahir Shah ya yi murabus maimakon hadarin yakin basasa. Sarauniya Humaira ta kasance a Afghanistan lokacin da mijinta ya tafi Italiya don yi masa tiyata, kuma ta kasance a Afghanistan a lokacin juyin mulkin. Ba a cutar da ita ba, amma an tsare ta a gidanta a gidanta, kamar sauran membobin gidan sarauta, har sai da aka ba su izinin tafiya tare da Zahir Shah a Italiya.
Humaira da Zahir Shah sun shafe shekaru ashirin da tara suna gudun hijira a Italiya suna zaune a wani katafaren gida mai dakuna hudu a cikin al'ummar Olgiata masu wadata a kan Via Cassia, arewacin birnin Rum. Sarkin bai taba saka kudi a asusun banki na kasashen waje ba, don haka ya dogara da karimcin abokai.
Aure
Humaira Begum diyar Sardar Ahmad Shah Khan ce, dan uwa ga uwargidan sarauta Mah Parwar Begum kuma ministar kotun masarautar, da matarsa ta farko Zarin Begum, wacce kani ne ga Sarki Amanullah Khan kuma babbar diyar Janar HE Loinab Khush Dil Khan., Gwamnan Kabul da Kandahar. Ta auri dan uwanta na farko, Yarima mai jiran gado na Afghanistan Mohammed Zahir a ranar 7 ga Nuwamba shekara ta alif 1931 a Kabul.
Mohammed Zahir Shah da Humaira Begum sun haifi 'ya'ya maza shida da mata biyu.
Mutuwa
Makonni kaɗan kafin ta koma Afganistan ta sake haduwa da mijinta da ya dawo kwanan nan, Begum ta kwantar da ita a asibiti tana fama da matsalar numfashi da ciwon zuciya kuma ta rasu bayan kwana biyu.
An mayar da gawarta zuwa Afganistan kuma jami'an tsaron soji, da wakilan kabilu sanye da rigunan gargajiya, da ministocin gwamnatin Hamid Karzai suka tarbe ta a filin jirgin saman. An kuma gudanar da taron tunawa da jana'izar ta a wasu masallatan Kabul guda biyu. An binne gawarwakinta ne a dakin kabari na sarauta da ke birnin Kabul.
Tasirin muhalli na Yaki
Amfanin mai
Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta Amurka (DoD) hukuma ce ta gwamnati wacce ta fi amfani da burbushin mai a duniya. A cewar shekarar 2005 CIA World Factbook, idan aka kwatanta da amfani da kowace ƙasa DoD zai matsayi na 34th a duniya a matsakaicin amfani da man fetur na yau da kullum, yana zuwa a bayan Iraki da kuma gaba da Sweden.
Kona sharar gida
A sansanonin Amurka a lokacin yakin ƙarni na 21 a Iraki da Afghanistan, an kona sharar ɗan adam a cikin buɗaɗɗen ramuka tare da alburusai, robobi, na'urorin lantarki, fenti, da sauran sinadarai. Ana zargin hayakin da ke da cutar sankarau ya raunata wasu sojojin da aka fallasa gare shi.
Felicia Abban
Aikin daukar hoto
Tsawon shekaru 50, aikinta na daukar hoto ta fara lokacin da ta koyi daukar hoto daga wurin mahaifinta, kuma ta zama mace tilo da ta koyo a lokacin. Felicia Abban ita ce mace ta farko mai daukar hoto a Ghana. Ta, duk da haka, ta ci gaba da zama ɗaya daga cikin masu fasahar hoto da ake mutuntawa a nahiyar a zamaninta - a kan biyan kuɗin Kwame Nkrumah da kuma cikakken mai sharhi kan sauyin ƙasarta. Ta shahara wajen daukar hoton kanta, musamman wadanda ta dauka gabanin wani taron a matsayin wata hanya ta tallata kasuwancinta daga shekarun 1950 zuwa 1970. Abban ya kafa Studio dinta a Accra a 1955 kuma ya dauki wasu mata a matsayin masu koyo. Daga nan sai aka gane ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin ƴan matan Ghana na farko masu daukar hoto waɗanda ke tsara labarin Afirka ta hanyar ruwan tabarau.
A lokacin samun 'yancin kai na farko, Hotunanta kuma sun yi amfani da tufafi a matsayin ainihin bayanin ainihinta kuma an yi amfani da su azaman "katunan kira" a kusa da nata kayan tarihi. Hotunan nata sun yi kama da hotunan mujallar fashion tare da ƙarin mahallin zamani. Abin da ya yi daidai a cikin waɗannan hotuna daban-daban shi ne yadda Abban ya yi amfani da tufafi don bayyana ainihin macen da ta yi wasa tare da al'ada da na zamani a cikin fasahar fasaha da aka kwatanta da birni da kuma tekun Atlantika.
Tasirin muhalli na Yaki
ambaliya da gangan
Ana iya amfani da ambaliya azaman manufofin ƙasa mai ƙonewa ta hanyar amfani da ruwa don mayar da ƙasa mara amfani. Hakanan ana iya amfani da shi don hana motsin mayakan makiya. A lokacin yakin Sino-Japan na biyu, an keta rijiyoyin da ke kan kogin Yellow da na Yangtze don dakatar da ci gaban sojojin Japan. A lokacin Siege na Leiden a cikin 1573, an keta dykes don dakatar da ci gaban sojojin Spain. A lokacin Operation Chastise a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, sojojin sama na Royal sun yi ruwan bama-bamai a madatsun ruwa na Eder da Sorpe a Jamus, lamarin da ya mamaye wani babban yanki tare da dakatar da masana'antu da Jamusawa ke amfani da su wajen yakin.
Boggo Road Gaol
Tarihi
Tun daga 1992, No. 2 Division ya kasance gida ne ga Gidan kayan tarihi na Boggo Road Gaol, wanda ke nuna baje kolin kayan tarihi masu alaƙa da kurkuku. A cikin shekarun 1990s, tsoffin jami'ai sun gudanar da rangadi na jagora na rukunin yanar gizon, kuma daga 2003 gidan kayan gargajiya da yawon shakatawa na Boggo Road Gaol Historical Society, ƙungiyar masu sa kai mai zaman kanta mai zaman kanta. Tun daga Disamba 2012, Boggo Road Gaol ya zama abin jan hankali ga Queensland, tare da tafiye-tafiyen jagororin da Boggo Road Gaol Pty ke gudanarwa, waɗanda a yanzu suna da lasisin gudanar da balaguro da abubuwan da suka faru a gaol. Kamar sauran wurare masu kama da juna a cikin ƙasar, rukunin yanar gizon kuma yana ɗaukar balaguron fatalwa jagora.
Felicia Abban
Aikin daukar hoto
Nana Oforiatta Ayim ce ta fara nunin aikinta na farko a bainar jama'a kuma an shirya shi a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na ANO a cikin Maris 2017 kuma gallery ɗin yana da shirye-shiryen mayar da ɗakinta zuwa gidan kayan gargajiya don girmama ta. Gidan kayan tarihin, idan an kammala shi, zai taimaka wajen kiyaye aikinta don ci gaba da zama cibiyar tallafawa masu fasaha masu zuwa. Nana Oforiatta Ayim ta kuma ba da Freedom Ghana Pavilion na farko na Ghana a Venice Biennale a cikin 2019, wanda ya haɗa da Felicia Abban a cikin masu fasaha shida da aka zaɓa. Hotunan Abban da na kansa sun yi wani ɗan lokaci a tarihin Ghana ta hanyar kallon mace wanda ba kawai salonsu ba har ma da halayensu a lokacinsa.
Mirza Ghulam Ahmad
Buga da'awar
Mirza Ghulam an yarda da cewa ya sadaukar da rayuwarsa wajen ciyar da harkarsa gaba da kuma tinkarar zarge-zargen bidi'a da ake yi wa mutumin har zuwa mutuwarsa a Lahore a shekara ta 1908.
Felicia Abban
Aikin daukar hoto
An kuma nuna aikin Felicia Abban a bugu na 12 na haduwar Bamako na shekarar 2019. Tarin Hotunan Abban na sirri sun ƙunshi hotunan kai kafin ta halarci events. Ta yi ritaya daga daukar hoto sakamakon mummunan yanayin ciwon huhu.
Mirza Ghulam Ahmad
Asalin suna
An kafa ƙungiyar Ahmadiyya a Musulunci a shekara ta 1889, amma ba a karɓe sunan Ahmadiyya ba sai bayan kusan shekaru goma. A cikin wata takarda mai kwanan watan Nuwamba 4, 1900, wanda ya kafa ya bayyana cewa sunan yana nufin Ahmad, madadin sunan annabi Mohammed. A cewarsa, ‘Mohammed’ ma’ana ‘wanda aka yabe’ yana nufin makomar ma’aiki mai girma da ya karvi sunan tun a zamanin Hijira; amma 'Ahmad' yana nufin kyawawan wa'azinsa ne, da kuma zaman lafiyar da aka kaddara masa a duniya ta hanyar koyarwarsa. A cewar Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, don haka wadannan sunaye suna nuni ne ga bangarori biyu na Musulunci, kuma a baya-bayan nan bangaren na baya ne ya ba da umarni a mai da hankali sosai. Dangane da haka, ya yi imani, abin da ya yi shi ne samar da zaman lafiya a duniya ta hanyar koyarwar ruhin Musulunci. Ya yi imanin cewa sakon nasa yana da ma'ana ta musamman ga kasashen yammacin duniya wanda a cewarsa ya gangaro cikin son abin duniya.
Gurbataccen yanayi
Madogarar da ba ta da ma'ana (NPS) gurbacewar yanayi, tana nufin gurɓacewar ruwa (ko ƙazanta) na ruwa ko iska da ba ta samo asali daga tushe guda ɗaya ba. Irin wannan gurɓacewar sau da yawa shi ne sakamakon tarawa na ƙananan gurɓatattun abubuwa da aka tattara daga babban yanki. Ya bambanta da gurɓacewar yanayi wanda ke fitowa daga tushe guda. Rashin gurɓataccen tushe gabaɗaya yana haifar da kwararar ƙasa, hazo, ajiyar yanayi, magudanar ruwa, ruwan ruwa, ko gyare-gyaren ruwa (ruwan sama da dusar ƙanƙara) inda gano gurɓatacciyar ƙasa zuwa tushe guda yana da wahala. Gurbacewar ruwan da ba ta da tushe tana shafar jikin ruwa daga tushe kamar gurbataccen ruwa daga wuraren noma da ke zubewa cikin kogi, ko tarkacen iska da ke kadawa zuwa teku. Gurbacewar iska ta hanyar da ba ta da tushe tana shafar ingancin iska, daga tushe kamar rumbun hayaki ko bututun wutsiya na mota. Ko da yake waɗannan gurɓatattun abubuwan sun samo asali ne daga maɓuɓɓugar ruwa, ƙarfin jigilar dogon zango da maɓuɓɓuka masu yawa na gurbataccen yanayi sun sa ya zama tushen gurɓatawar da ba ta dace ba; idan fitar da ruwa ya kasance a cikin ruwa ko cikin sararin samaniya a wuri guda, gurbatar yanayi zai zama wuri guda Ko ɗaya.
Mirza Ghulam Ahmad
Gadon Mirza Ghulam Ahmad
Ɗaya daga cikin manyan tushen saɓani a lokacin rayuwarsa da kuma ci gaba tun daga wannan lokacin shine yadda Mirza Ghulam Ahmad yayi amfani da kalmomin "Nabi" (Annabi) da "Rasool" (manzo) yayin da yake magana kan kansa. Musulmai sun ɗauki annabi Muhammad a matsayin na ƙarshen annabawa kuma sun yi imani cewa Mirza Ghulam Ahmad ya yi amfani da waɗannan sharuɗɗa cin zarafi ne ga "Annabta". Mabiyansa sun kasu kashi biyu dangane da haka: Jama’ar Musulmin Ahmadiyya, wadanda suka yi imani da tafsirin annabcin Mirza Ghulam Ahmad na zahiri (tare da wasu cancantar), da Harkar Lahore Ahmadiyya, wadanda suka yi imani da fassarar alama ta wadannan biyun. sharuddan. Wannan da wasu dalilai ya haifar da rarrabuwar kawuna a harkar jim kaɗan bayan rasuwar Ahmad. Mabiya Mirza Ghulam Ahmad sun fuskanci zalunci iri-iri a tsawon shekaru. A shekara ta 1974, majalisar dokokin Pakistan ta yi wa kundin tsarin mulkin Pakistan kwaskwarima inda ta ayyana musulmi Ahmadi a matsayin wadanda ba musulmi ba saboda manufar tsarin mulkin Jamhuriyar Musulunci. A cikin 1984, wasu jerin sauye-sauye a sassan Pakistan Penal Code, da suka shafi sabo da, a zahiri, sun haramta wa Ahmadiyya wa'azin addininsu a fili a matsayin Musulunci, wanda ya kai ga kama mutane 1000 da gurfanar da su gaban kuliya.
Boggo Road Gaol
Tarihi
An fara sake fasalin wuraren da ke kewaye a cikin 2006, wanda ya kai ga rufe wucin gadi na wurin tarihi na Boggo Road Gaol. Tun daga 2012 an sake buɗe gaol ga jama'a. Titin Boggo tun daga lokacin an mayar da shi ƙauyen birni mai suna Boggo Road Urban Village kuma an kammala shi a 2010.
Kwararar ruwa
Guduwar da ke faruwa a saman ƙasa kafin isa tashar na iya zama tushen gurɓatawar da ba ta dace ba, Dan haka kuma saboda tana iya ɗaukar gurɓataccen gurɓataccen abu da mutum ya yi ko kuma nau'ikan gurɓataccen yanayi (kamar ganyaye mai ruɓe). Abubuwan da mutum ya kera a cikin ruwa sun haɗa da man fetur, magungunan kashe qwari, takin zamani da sauransu.
Baya ga haifar da zaizayar ruwa da Kuma gurbacewar ruwa, kwararar ruwa a cikin birane shine babban dalilin ambaliya a birane, wanda zai iya haifar da lalacewar dukiya, da daskarewa da gyale a cikin ginshiki, da ambaliyar ruwa.
Gurbataccen yanayi
Gurbacewar ruwa mara tushe na iya samuwa daga wurare daban-daban ba tare da takamaiman mafita ko canje-canje don gyara matsalar ba, yana kuma mai da wahala a daidaita shi. Rashin gurɓatar ruwa daga tushe yana da wuyar sarrafawa saboda yana fitowa daga ayyukan yau da kullun na mutane daban-daban, kamar takin lawn, amfani da magungunan kashe qwari, gina hanya ko ginin gini. Sarrafa gurbacewar yanayi mara tushe yana buƙatar inganta ayyukan birane da kewayen birni, ayyukan noma, ayyukan gandun daji da marinas.
Boggo Road Gaol
Jerin abubuwan tarihi
Sashen No. 2 da ragowar No. An jera rukuni na 1 akan Rajista na Heritage na Queensland a cikin 1993.
Kwararar ruwa
Tsari
Ana bayyana kwararar ruwan saman a matsayin hazo (ruwan sama, dusar ƙanƙara, guguwa, ko ƙanƙara ) wanda ke kaiwa ga kogin ƙasa ba tare da ya taɓa wucewa ƙasa da ƙasa ba. Ya bambanta da zubar da ruwa kai tsaye, wanda ke kaiwa ga kogunan saman kasa nan da nan bayan ruwan sama ko narkewar dusar ƙanƙara kuma ya keɓance kwararar ruwan da ke haifar da narkar da dusar ƙanƙara ko glaciers.
Boggo Road Gaol
Kisa
An rataye fursunoni 42 a Gaol.