cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Gidan wasan Upera na kasar Ukraine
Farkon karni na 20
Bayan gobarar, majalisar birnin ta sanar da gasar kasa da kasa don tsara wani sabon gini ga gidan wasan kwaikwayon na Opera a Kyiv. Victor Schröter ya bada shawaran hakan. An tsara na waje a cikin salon Neo-Renaissance kuma ya ba da lissafin bukatun 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da masu kallo. An sake fasalin ciki a cikin salon gargajiya kuma ana kiransa Viennese Modern. Duk da haka, ana daukar babban nasararsa a matsayin mataki - daya daga cikin mafi girma a Turai da aka tsara zuwa sababbin matakan injiniya.
A ranar 29 ga Satumba, an gudanar da bikin buɗe sabon filin wasan kwaikwayo tare da wasan kwaikwayo na cantata Kyiv na mawaki Wilhelm Hartweld (1859 - 1927) da kuma gabatar da wasan opera Life for the Tsar na M. Glinka. A ranar 14 September [ O.S, akwai wasan kwaikwayo na Rimsky-Korsakov 's <i id="mwTA">The Tale of Tsar Saltan</i> a Kyiv Opera House a gaban Tsar da 'ya'yansa maza biyu, Grand Duchesses Olga da Tatiana. Maza 90 ne suka mamaye gidan wasan kwaikwayon. A lokacin da ake tsaka da aikin an kashe Firayim Minista Pyotr Stolypin. A cewar Alexander Spiridovich, bayan aiki na biyu "Stolypin yana tsaye a gaban ramp yana raba parterre daga ƙungiyar makaɗa, baya zuwa mataki. A gefen damansa akwai Baron Freedericks da Gen. Suhkomlinov ." Mai tsaron lafiyarsa ya tafi shan taba. An harbe Stolypin sau biyu, sau ɗaya a hannu kuma sau ɗaya a cikin kirji Dmitry Bogrov, wani juyin juya hali na hagu, yana ƙoƙari ya gyara kansa. Bogrov ya gudu zuwa ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da aka shigar kuma aka kama shi. "Ya [Stolypin] ya juya wajen Akwatin Imperial, sannan ya ga Tsar da ya shiga akwatin, sai ya yi nuni da hannaye biyu ya ce wa Tsar ya koma." Mawakan sun fara wasa "Allah Ya Tsare Tsar." Likitocin sun yi fatan Stolypin zai murmure, amma duk da cewa bai haihu ba, yanayinsa ya tabarbare. Washegari, Tsar da ke cikin damuwa ya durƙusa a gefen gadon asibitin Stolypin ya ci gaba da maimaita kalmar "Ka gafarta mini". Stolypin ya mutu bayan kwana uku.
A cikin shekaru goma na farko na karni na 20, gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Kyiv Opera ya jawo hankalin hazikan mawaƙa na Ukrainian da Rasha, ciki har da O. Petlyash, P. Tsevich, K. Voronets, M. Medvedev, K. Brun, O. Mosin da O. Kamionsky. kuma shahararrun taurarin opera daga Yamma sukan zo yawon bude ido. Da yawa sabon abu don wasan kwaikwayo na lokaci ya faru a kan mataki: Die Walkure ta Wagner, Sadko ta Rimsky-Korsakov da Mefistofele ta Arrigo Boito.
Jihar Ukraine
A lokacin Jihar Ukraine, Kyiv Opera ake kira Ukrainian Drama da Opera gidan wasan kwaikwayo. An gudanar da wasan kwaikwayo a cikin fassarar Yukren, musamman a cikin 1918: "Faust", "La Traviata", "Bohemia", "Madame Butterfly" da sauransu. An rubuta a cikin 'yan jaridu na Ukrainian cewa Opera na Jihar Ukrainian yana da kowane dalili da kuma yiwuwar zama daya daga cikin mafi kyawun wasan kwaikwayo na lokacinsa, yayin da yake gargadin cewa "Opera na Ukraine kada ya sake maimaita tarihin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Petrograd, wanda ya ba da al'adun kasashen waje da al'adun 'yan kasa. ..." da kuma jaddada cewa wajibi ne a "tsara aikin opera mai karfi, kasa da al'adu".
lokacin Soviet
Bayan da Tarayyar Soviet ta mamaye Ukraine, gidan wasan kwaikwayon ya zama ƙasa kuma an sanya masa suna K. Liebknecht Opera House.. A 1926 an sake masa suna Kyiv State Academic Ukrainian Opera, kuma a 1934, lokacin da Kyiv aka mayar da babban birnin kasar matsayi - Academic Opera da Ballet gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Tarayyar Soviet. A 1936 gidan wasan kwaikwayo aka bayar da Order of Lenin, kuma a 1939 aka mai suna bayan Taras Shevchenko.
Bisa ga Dokar Kwamishinonin Jama'a na 1926, an yi duk wasan operas a harshen Ukraine. Wannan wahayi zuwa ga kafa cikakken darajar Ukrainian al'adu da Ukrainian harshe. Al'adar yin wasan opera a cikin fassarorin Ukrainian ta yi nasara har zuwa farkon 1990s.
A shekara ta 1981, an yi bikin ballet na duniya a kan rayuwar Olga na Kiev don tunawa da ranar 1500th na birnin.
1990-2010
A tsakanin shekarun 1991-1999, Anatoliy Mokrenko ya jagoranci Opera ta kasa. A wannan lokacin, gidan wasan kwaikwayo ya fara watsar da fassarori na yaren Ukrainian a hankali, wanda matsalolin tattalin arziki ya bayyana da kuma buƙatar ayyukan yawon shakatawa don tsira ga masu fasaha.
Manazarta
Bayanan kula
Iddi Basajjabalaba Memorial Library
Gudanar da Laburare
Babban Jami'ar Laburare na Jami'ar Prisca Tibenderana ce ke jagorantar ɗakin karatun, wacce ke ba da rahoto ga Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar Ilimi. Ofishin Babban Jami'ar Laburare (CUL) yana tsara manufofi da jagora da goyan bayan shirye-shirye da ayyukan ɗakin karatu. Akwai wasu shugabannin shirye-shirye, kowannensu yana da alhakin takamaiman yanki ko aikin ɗakin karatu. Dole ne majalisar jami'a ta amince da dukkan manufofin, mafi girman matakin yanke shawara a jami'a.
Laburare Law
Laburaren doka yana riƙe da kundin littattafai a cikin rufaffiyar damar shiga ɗakin karatu na Doka open shelves.
Vopli Vidopliassova
Vopli Vidopliassova ( harshen Ukraine  [ˈwɔpl⁽ʲ⁾i widoˈplʲɑsowɐ] ), kuma a gajarce VV ( ВВ ), ƙungiya ce ta mawakan 'rock' na Ukraine. An halicce shi a cikin 1986 a Kyiv, a kasar Ukraine SSR na Tarayyar Soviet ( Ukrain ta yanzu). Shugaban kungiyar shi ne mawaki Oleg Skrypka. Vopli Vidopliasova sune wadanda suka kafa salon rock-n-roll na Ukrainian da dutsen neo-ethnic. Da farko sun rera dutsen Ukrainian a wajen Ukraine. Tasirin su ya haɗa da waƙoƙin jama'a, waƙoƙin kishin ƙasa, punk, dutse mai ƙarfi, ƙarfe mai nauyi da, kwanan nan, kiɗan lantarki.
Anyi amfani da waƙar su Den Narodzhennia a cikin fina-finai na laifuka na Russia watau Brother da Brother 2 na darektan Aleksei Balabanov. Memba na ƙungiyar Oleh Skrypka shima ya fitar da kundi na solo da yawa.
A cikin shekara ta 2009, lakabin wakokin su, Kraina Mriy, sun fitar da duk kundin su kyauta a matsayin kyautar Kirsimeti.
Yawancin kayansu na farko (1986-1996) suna cikin Drop C tuning.
Tarihi
An kafa ƙungiyar a cikin 1986 wanda mawakan jita Yuri Zdorenko Oleksandr Pipasuka kafa, wanda ya taka leda a cikin ƙungiyar SOS tun 1984. Ya ɗauki sunansa daga Vidopliassov, wani wasan da yayi The Village of Stepanchikovo. Mawakan sun yi wasansu na farko a filin wasan dutsen Kiev a ranar 30 ga Oktoba 1987, tare da mawaƙa kuma mawaki Oleh Skrypka da mai buga ganga Serhiy Sakhno.
shawarar Pipa ya bada shawara akan sabon sunan kungiyar, wanda a lokacin ya karanta littafin Dostoevsky: hali Grigory Vidoplyasov, a cikin labari " Ƙauyen Stepanchikovo " ya rubuta abubuwan da aka rubuta, cike da 'kukan rai,' wanda ya kira "Vopli Vidoplyasova" (kukan Vidoplyasov, вопли Видоплясова, [ˈvoplʲi vʲidəˈplʲæsəvə] ). Ƙungiyar ta yi amfani da wannan sunan Rashanci da aka fassara tun lokacin, duk da haka sun ɗauki sigar Ukrainian Volannia Vidopliassova ( da harshen Ukraine, [woˈlɑɲːɐ widoˈplʲɑsowɐ] ) don bikin Chervona Ruta a 1989.
A cikin 1989, ƙungiyar ta rubuta wani waka a Faberge Hall of Culture a Kiev, kuma ta sake shi azaman Tantsi. A wannan shekarar, sun bayyana a kan kundin Faransanci De Lenine a Lennon, sautin sauti ga wani shirin Faransanci a kan dutsen Soviet.
A cikin 1990, sun fito da albam mai suna Hey, OK akan Kobza International kuma sun bayyana a cikin kundin Kanada This Ba No Polka (rakodin 1989 Chervona Ruta) tare da waƙar "Tantsi". A shekara ta gaba, sun yi wasa a bikin Eurockeennes a Faransa, kuma an fitar da rikodin a matsayin Abo abo akan BSA Records shekara guda bayan haka. A cikin 1991, Skripka da Pipa sun koma Faransa kuma za su raba lokacinsu tsakaninta da Ukraine.
A cikin 1992, Skripka, Zdorenko, Pipa da Sakhno sun shiga Komora Studio da ke Kiev don fara rikodin abin da zai zama kundi na farko, Kraina Mriy, wanda aka saki bayan shekaru biyu. Zdorenko ya bar kungiyar a 1993, inda ya fara nasa, YaYaYa, a matsayin aikin gefe. An maye gurbinsa da Philippe Moja. Stéphane Moufflier kuma zai shiga cikin VV don maye gurbin Sakhno, wanda ya dauki hutu.
A cikin 1996, Skrypka da Pipa, waɗanda suka dawo daga Faransa (sun zauna a can tun 1990), sun koma Ukraine tare da Moufflier da sabon mawaƙin jita Gerard Christophe kuma suka fara rikodin kundi na Muzika, wanda aka saki a 1997. An fitar da guda ɗaya a cikin 1996 tare da waƙoƙi 4 daga kundin. Skrypka ya rera waka, ya tsara ganguna kuma ya buga accordion, kayan gargajiya na Ukrainian da wasu guitar, yayin da Pipa ya buga bass. Zdorenko ya buga guitar akan waƙar "Gei, liubo!" . A cikin album, "Hei! Liubo!" an giciye shi da "Bogi", amma a kan guda ɗaya, ba a ƙetare shi ba kuma ƙarshensa ya fito, duk da haka a cikin abubuwan da aka tattara kwanan nan, kawai ya yanke a ƙarshen ƙarshen inda ake sa ran "Bogi" zai fara.
A cikin 1997, Mouflier da Christophe sun bar ƙungiyar kuma sun koma Faransa. Sakhno ya koma cikin band kuma Evhen Rohachevsky shiga a matsayin guitarist. Tare da wannan sabon jeri, sun fara yin rikodin kundi na uku, Khvyli Amura, wanda aka saki a cikin 2000. A wannan lokacin, Skrypka ya zama mai sha'awar kiɗan Indiya, kuma kundin yana nuna hakan, musamman a cikin waƙar " Den narodjennya ".
A shekara ta 2000, kungiyar mawakan sun ba da gudummawar waƙoƙin waƙoƙin kyauta ga Grazhdanskaya Oborona ("Pops") da Kino ("Pachka sigaret" da "Solnechnыe dni"), kuma ya bayyana a kan Sprite Driver 2 a cikin 2001 tare da waƙar "Osen". An fassara waƙoƙin ƙarshe uku zuwa Ukrainian kuma sun bayyana a matsayin B-gefuna zuwa guda " Mamay " a waccan shekarar. A cikin 2002, a ƙarshe an fitar da kundi na Fayno, wanda ke nuna "Solnechnye dni" (wanda aka sake masa suna "Sonyachni dni"), "Osen" (wanda aka sake masa suna "Zoryana osin"), sigar "Mamay", wani juzu'in sake-sake. rubutaccen sigar "Pachka sigaret" (sa'an nan aka sake masa suna "Pachka tsyharok") da sigar "Pops" da aka tantance. Matsalolin asali akan Lavina Music da Misteria Zvuka sun ƙunshi waƙoƙin kyauta guda uku: ainihin sigar Rasha ta "Osen", "Pack of Sigaret" (nau'in Ingilishi na "Pachka sigaret") da "Les jours de soleil" (samun Faransanci). na "Solnechnie dni"), yana nuna yawan harsunan Oleh Skrypka.
Babban Masallacin Sana'a
Babban Masallacin Sana'a (Larabci: الجامع الكبير بصنعاء, Al-Jāmi' al-Kabīr bi-Sanʿāʾ) tsohon masallaci ne a birnin Sana'a na kasar Yemen, kuma daya daga cikin tsofaffin masallatai a duniya. An ce an kafa masallacin ne a farkon zamanin Musulunci, wanda aka ce zai kasance a shekara ta 633. Yayin da ba a san takamaiman ranar da za a gina masallacin ba, gyare-gyaren farko da aka rubuta ya faru ne a karkashin Halifa Al-Alid I a farkon karni na 8, wanda ke nuna mai yiwuwa a baya. kwanan watan gini. Rahotanni sun ce an gina masallacin ne a wani bangare na spolia daga fadar Ghumdan ta zamanin Himyarite da kuma cocin Kirista na Axumite na al-Qalis wanda a da ya mamaye wurin. Babban Masallacin shi ne mafi girma kuma mafi shahara a cikin masallatai sama da dari a cikin tsohon birnin Sana'a.
Vopli Vidopliassova
Tarihi
A shekara ta 2006, Oleksandr Pipa ya bar kungiyar kuma Oleksiy Melchenko ya maye gurbinsa. Daga nan sai suka rubuta kundin Buly denky, tarin tsoffin waƙoƙin daga ƙarshen 80s da farkon 90s waɗanda ba su taɓa samun jiyya a ɗakin studio ba, amma wanda aka buga kai tsaye. A waccan shekarar, sun buga bikin “Rok-Sich” na farko, bikin da Skrypka ya fara da nufin haɓaka hazaka na gida. Dokokin Rock Sich sune cewa duk wani nau'i banda pop yana da karɓa kuma duk makada dole ne su raira waƙa a cikin Ukrainian, duk da haka VV ya karya nasu mulkin kuma ya buga "Pops" a wurin wasan kwaikwayo a cikin asalin Rashanci kuma tare da ainihin kalmomin da ba a tantance ba. An fito da wasan kwaikwayon akan CD a 2008, DVD a 2011 da LP sau biyu a 2012. Daidaitaccen sigar CD guda ɗaya na kundin Rock Sich ya yanke waƙoƙi guda biyu saboda ƙarancin sararin samaniya, amma akwai nau'in CD guda biyu tare da dawo da waƙoƙin da suka ɓace. Waƙoƙin da suka ɓace kuma suna kan vinyl da DVD.
Babban Masallacin Sana'a
An gudanar da gyare-gyare a cikin karni na 8, karni na 13, da kuma a zamanin Ottoman. Wani muhimmin abin da aka gano na kayan tarihi shi ne rubutun Sana'a, wanda aka gano a wurin lokacin da aka sake gyarawa a shekara ta 1972. A yau, babban masallacin Sana'a yana cikin wurin tarihi na UNESCO na tsohon birnin Sana'a.
Vopli Vidopliassova
Tarihi
A cikin watan Agustan 2009 sun jagoranci wani waka a bikin " Ku Kasance 'Yanci " wanda Gidan Rediyon Turai don Belarus ya shirya a Chernihiv ( Ukrain ) tare da Lyapis Trubetskoy, Salon Zaman Lafiya da Gashi, da kuma ƙarin makada na dutsen Belarus.
Babban Masallacin Sana'a
Wuri
Birnin Sana'a shi ne cibiyar soji na daular Sabeawa kafin zuwan musulunci kuma ta kasance muhimmiyar cibiyar daular Himyari. Masallacin, wanda Annabi Muhammad ya ba da umarni a gina shi a cikin lambun gwamnonin Farisa, an gina shi ne a kan rugujewar fadar Ghumdan ta Sheba, tsakanin yankuna biyu na Sana'a, Al-Quati da Al-Sailah. An gina Babban Masallaci a kusa da Suq, wanda tuni aka yi shi a lokacin da aka gina shi. A shekarun baya-bayan nan, tsarin gine-ginen birni, fadadawa da kuma wayar da kan jama'a ya yi tasiri matuka, sakamakon gina babban masallacin da aka yi da wasu masallatai biyu a bangaren arewa na birnin.
Vopli Vidopliassova
Tarihi
Sun saki waƙoƙin "Lado" da "Chio San" a cikin 2009 da "Vidpustka" (wakar da aka sake daga na ainihi na 1987) a cikin 2010.
Babban Masallacin Sana'a
Gine-gine
An gina babban masallacin ne da wani salo na tsakuwa, wanda ke da nasaba da irin wannan tsohon aikin dutsen Axumite na Abyssiniya. An sassaƙa da fenti na katako da aka yi da itacen lacunari.
Vopli Vidopliassova
Tarihi
Sun saki, " Chudovy svit ", sabon kundin su a ranar 18 ga Oktoba 2013. "Lado", "Chio San" da "Vidpustka" sun kasance cikin kundin.
Babban Masallacin Sana'a
Gine-gine
Tsakar gida tana auna mita 80 zuwa 60 (260 ft × 200 ft), tare da wuraren addu'o'in da aka tsara su ta hanyar arewa zuwa kudu. Zauren da ke da hanyoyi guda uku masu daidaita gabas zuwa yamma an gina su ne da kayayyakin zamanin jahiliyya da aka kawo daga wasu wurare. A cikin tsakar gida akwai wani tsari mai zaman kansa tun daga karni na 16. Ginin daular Usmaniyya ne da ya yi kama da dakin Ka'aba a Makka, duk da haka, ana zargin cewa ba a hade su biyun ba saboda sauye-sauyen kayan kayyakin launi, wanda wata dabara ce ta ablaq, tun kafin Musulunci a yankin. Wannan ginin da farko ya zama taskar masallacin, sannan ya zama wurin ajiyar wakafi kuma yana da babban dakin karatu da sauran tsoffin rubuce-rubucen. Watakila tun asali wannan ginin ya kasance yana da sigar ruwa kamar tafkin alwala a karkashinsa ga masu son yin tsarki yayin ziyartar masallaci.
Wuraren dutse na ciki na rufin masallacin an ba da shawarar su zama fasalin gine-gine na Byzantine na Daular Axumite. Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa daular Axumite ta kafa babban cocinta a cikin birnin Sana'a da kuma ragowar wannan majami'ar, da kuma daga fadar Gumdan da wuraren ibada na Kirista da Yahudawa a cikin babban masallacin. Ƙarin shaida na wannan alaƙa wani rubutu ne a cikin yare kafin zuwan Musulunci na yankin, Sabaic, a cikin tallafin baka na dutse da aka sake amfani da shi yana nuna yana da alaƙa da gine-ginen Byzantine.
Minaret yammacin kasar da aka gina a lokacin da Sarauniya Arwa bint Ahmad ta sake ginawa, ta yi kama da na masallatan zamanin da aka gina a birnin Alkahira, saboda alaka ta kut da kut da daular Fatimi a Masar.
Vopli Vidopliassova
Tarihi
A halin yanzu ƙungiyar tana fassara tsofaffi wakoki, waƙoƙin yaren Rashanci waɗanda ba a fitar ba daga 1980s da farkon 1990s zuwa Yukren tare da yin rikodin su don sabon kundi, wanda zai ƙare a ƙarshen 2019 ko farkon 2020.
Babban Masallacin Sana'a
Tarihi
A wajajen shekara ta 630 miladiyya (6H), a cewar majiyoyin Musulunci na farko, an ce Annabi Muhammad ne ya ba da umarnin gina babban masallacin Sana'a, kuma an san masallacin a matsayin masallacin farko da aka gina a wajen addinin Musulunci. garuruwa masu tsarki na Makka da Madina. A wannan zamani na bayan Hijira (622-632 AD), Sana'a ita ce cibiyar yada addinin Musulunci. Yawancin abubuwan binciken archaeological da aka gano a cikin Babban Masallaci sun tabbatar da hujjar gina shi zuwa zamanin Muhammadu yana raye, ciki har da spolia da dama daga Cathedral na Axumite da kuma daga fadar Himyarite Ghumdan. A karni na 7, ragowar Sana'a kafin jahiliyya sun lalace sosai lokacin da ta zama cibiyar yada addinin Musulunci a farkon shekarun Hijira. Wannan yana tabbatar da abubuwan gine-ginen gine-ginen da aka samu a cikin babban Masallacin kafin Musulunci.
Vopli Vidopliassova
Shirye-shiryen bidiyo
A cikin shirye-shiryen bidiyo sun gano ƙaunar masana'antar mota ta Ukrainian. Saboda haka a cikin video na song Musika za a iya gani ZAZ-1105 Dana, da kuma a cikin video na song Polonyna sai mota LuAZ Volyn-1302 da tarakta HTZ T-150 da T-64B. A cikin shirin bidiyo na kwanan nan Hutu ya halarci masu canzawa guda biyu bisa ZAZ-965 da ZAZ-968
Tawagar majalisar dokokin Najeriya daga jihar Binuwai
Tawagar Majalisar Dokokin Najeriya daga Benue ta ƙunshi Sanatoci uku masu wakiltar Benuwe ta Kudu, Benue Arewa maso Gabas, da Benue North-West, da wakilai goma masu wakiltar Apa/Agatu, Kwande/Ushongo, Oju/Obi Vandeikya/Konshisha, Buruku, Ado/Ogbadigba/ Opkokwu, Katsina-Ala/Ukum/Logo, Gboko/Tarka, and Makurdi/Guma,Gwer/Gwer-west.
Babban Masallacin Sana'a
Tarihi
A shekara ta 876/7 CE, ambaliyar ruwa sau biyu ta yi barna sosai ga masallacin, bayan haka kuma aka gyara shi gaba daya.
A farkon karni na 9, an gina minaret a gefen gabas. A shekara ta 911 AD, Karmatis ya mamaye birnin, ya lalata masallacin.
A karni na goma sha biyu, shekara ta 1130 miladiyya, sarauniyar Isma’ili Arwa bint Ahmad ta gyara masallacin da yawa. Ita ce ke da alhakin sassaka silin na masallacin na gabas da yamma da kuma fikafikan arewa. An gina minaret na yammacin masallacin a matsayin wani bangare na wannan gyara.
A farkon karni na 16, an yi wa masallacin gyaran fuska da wani katafaren fili da kuma shimfidar farfajiyar masallacin.
Ganowa
A shekara ta 1972-73, lokacin da masu binciken kayan tarihi suka cire filasta, sun gano wasu kayan tarihi 65, da suka hada da tsofaffin rubuce-rubuce da fatu masu yawa, da kuma rubutun Sana’a, wanda ma’aikatan gini suka gano a lokacin da suke gyaran bangon soro. An kuma bankado wasu rubuce-rubucen larabci da ba kasafai suke yi ba, wadanda ke da alaka da farkon Musulunci, zamanin Banu Umayyawa, da fadar Sheba na Ghamdan da lalata shi. Daya daga cikin Alkur’ani da aka samu a nan an ce Imam Ali ne ya rubuta ko kuma ya hada shi, wanda dakin karatu na masallaci ke adana shi. Abubuwan dauri na farko da aka samu a masallacin sun samu rubuce-rubuce sosai daga malamai kamar Ursula Dreibholz (1997).
Sauran abubuwan binciken kayan tarihi da aka gano a Babban Masallacin sun hada da ragowar rumbuna da tsoffin gine-ginen da ke da alaka da babban birnin kasar lokacin da ke dauke da Cocin Axumite na al-Qalis, wanda aka gano a shekara ta 2006.
Kiyayyewa
Babban Masallacin yana cikin jerin wuraren tarihi na UNESCO, wanda aka keɓe a cikin 1986 a matsayin jerin No. 345, karkashin Sharuɗɗa: (iv) (v) (vi), wanda ya haɗa da masallatai 103, hammams 14 da gidaje sama da 6,000 na Sana'a, waɗanda aka gina su kafin ƙarni na sha ɗaya. Kiyaye Babban Masallacin, wanda ke da kima na musamman na addini da na tarihi, Cibiyar Horar da Tarihi da Bincike ta UNESCO ta tallafa wa Asiya da Pacific (Shanghai). Binciken irin barnar da masallacin ya yi a tsawon shekaru aru-aru ya hada da hujjojin ambaliyar ruwa, ruwan sama, da kasa da kasa, da tsofaffin na'urorin lantarki da na'urorin sadarwa, da magudanar ruwa a karkashin kasa, barna da yake-yake, da kuma raunin tsofaffin gine-gine da ke daura da masallacin.
Gidan Kayan Tarihi Na ƙasa Na Ahmed Zabana
Gidan adana kayan tarihi na ƙasa na Ahmed Zabana ( المتحف الوطني أحمد زبانة, El-mathaf El-ouatani Ahmed Zabana) wani gidan tarihi ne dake birnin Oran na kasar Aljeriya, kuma ana kiransa da sunan gwarzon dan kasar Aljeriya Ahmed Zabana wanda Faransa ta kashe a ranar 19 ga watan Mayu 1956 a Algiers.
Moreto Cassamá
Moreto Moro Cassamá (an haife shi a ranar 16 ga watan Fabrairu 1998) ƙwararren ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Bissau-Guine wanda ke taka leda a Stade de Reims a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya. Ya wakilci Portugal a matakin ƙarami, kafin ya koma Guinea-Bissau a babban mataki.
Aikin kulob/Ƙungiya
A ranar 16 ga watan Satumba 2017, Cassamá ya fara buga wasansa na farko tare da FC Porto B a wasan 2017-18 LigaPro da Nacional. A ranar ƙarshe ta summer transfer window￼, 31 ga watan Janairu 2019, an canza shi zuwa ƙungiyar Faransa ta Stade de Reims tare da kwantiragin har zuwa lokacin rani na 2022.
Ƙasashen Duniya
An zabe shi ne a tawagar kwallon kafa ta Guinea-Bissau don gasar cin kofin Afrika na 2019 kuma ya fara buga wasansa na farko a duniya a wasan rukuni na karshe da Ghana a ranar 2 ga watan Yulin 2019, ya shigo a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Burá a minti na 64.
Ange Bawou
Ange Gabrielle Bawou (an haife ta a ranar 12 ga watan Fabrairu Shekarar 2000) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Kamaru wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida a Bayelsa Queens da kuma ƙungiyar mata ta Kamaru. Kafin ta koma kingiyar kwallon kafa ta  Bayelsa Queens, ta yi wa Louves Miniproff wasa.
Aikin kulob
Bawou ya bugawa Louves Miniproff a Kamaru.
Ayyukan kasa da kasa
Bawou ya lashe lambar azurfa a gasar cin kofin Afirka ta shekarar a 2019 tare da tawagar mata ta Kamaru 'yan kasa da shekaru 20. Ta taka rawar gani a babban matakin yayin gasar cin kofin mata ta CAF ta shekarar 2020.
Rong Jing
Rong Jing (an haife ta 25 Nuwamba 1988) ita 'yar wasan nakasassu ce daga China. Ta fafata a gasar foil da épée guda uku a gasar Paralympics ta 2016 kuma ta lashe lambar zinare a kowannen su. Ta kasance mai rike da tuta ga kasar Sin a gasar wasannin nakasassu ta lokacin bazara ta 2016. Ta lashe lambar azurfa a gasar épée A na mata a gasar wasannin nakasassu ta bazara ta 2020 da aka gudanar a Tokyo, Japan. Ta kuma lashe lambobin zinare guda biyu a cikin tawagar mata epée da na mata.
Laburare Na Jami'ar Zambia
Laburare na Jami'ar Zambia ita ce ɗakin karatu na ilimi na Jami'ar Zambia (UNZA) a Lusaka, Zambia. Ta ƙunshi ɗakunan karatu na musamman guda uku: Babban Laburare na UNZA, Makarantar Library of Medicine Veterinary, da Laburaren Likita. An tsara babban ɗakin karatu a matsayin Laburare na Magana na Ƙasa kuma haka yake a buɗe ga jama'a.
Laburare na Veterinary
Laburare na Dabbobin Dabbobi wanda kuma aka fi sani da Samora Machel Veterinary Library yana ba da fiye da bugu 10,000 da albarkatun lantarki akan likitan dabbobi, jikin mutum, ilimin halittar jiki, ilimin halittar jiki, microbiology, da parasitology gami da bayanai kan gudanar da ayyuka, ɗabi'a, da jindadin dabbobi. Ana samun ɗakin karatu don taimakawa biyan buƙatun bayanai na ma'aikata da ɗalibai a Makarantun Magungunan Dabbobi da Kimiyyar Noma.
Medical Laburare
Laburare na Likita na Jami'ar Zambia yana a Ridgeway Campus a cikin Asibitin Koyarwa na Jami'ar wanda shine babban asibiti mafi girma a Zambia. Matsayin ɗakin karatu na Likitanci na UNZA shine samar da damar samun cikakkun bayanan ilimin halittu waɗanda ɗalibai, membobin makarantar likitanci, ma'aikatan Asibiti da masu bincike don koyo da koyarwa suke buƙata kuma suna aiki azaman ɗakin karatu na ƙasa. Akwai wadataccen abu don tallafawa koyo da bincike tare da bugu sama da 40,000 da ɗimbin albarkatun lantarki masu inganci.
Éva Andrea Hajmási
Éva Andrea Hajmási (an haife ta 14 ga Fabrairu 1987) 'yar ƙasar Hungary ce mai shingen keken hannu. Ta wakilci kasar Hungary a gasar wasannin nakasassu na bazara na shekarar 2016 da aka gudanar a birnin Rio de Janeiro na kasar Brazil, kuma ta samu lambar azurfa a gasar cin kofin mata na kungiyar mata. Ta kuma ci lambar tagulla a wannan taron a gasar wasannin nakasassu ta bazara ta 2020 da aka gudanar a Tokyo, Japan.
A gasar wasannin nakasassu ta lokacin bazara na shekarar 2020, ta fafata a gasar cin kofin duniya na mata, inda ta yi rashin nasara a wasanta na lambar tagulla da Rong Jing ta kasar Sin.
A cikin Janairu 2022 ƙungiyar wasan motsa jiki na guragu na Gyöngyi Dani, Zsuzsanna Krajnyák, Dr. Boglárka Mező Madarászné da Hajmási sun kasance "mafi kyawun ƙungiyar nakasassu na shekara" ta Hungary.
Lambar yabo na Fina-finan Nollywood na 2009
A shekara ta 2009 ne aka fara ba da lambar yabo ta Nollywood na farko, tare da amincewa da nasara a masana'antar fina-finai ta Najeriya. Ramsey Nouah shi ne ya lashe kyautar gwarzon dan wasa, Ini Edo kuma ta lashe kyautar jarumar fim, sannan Izu Ojukwu ya lashe kyautar daraktoci.
Manyan kyaututtuka
An rubuta sunayen wadanda suka yi nasarar lashe kyautar da rubutu mai gwabi.
Ghazala Kaifee
Ghazala Kaifee (née Najam) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Pakistan. An san ta da rawar da ta taka a cikin wasan kwaikwayo Laikin, Qissa Meherbano Ka, Rasam, Ishq E Laa da Sinf-e-Aahan.
Rayuwa ta farko
An haifi Ghazala a shekara ta 1960 a ranar 17 ga Afrilu a Karachi, Pakistan. Ta kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Karachi.
Ayyuka
Ghazala ya fara yin wasan kwaikwayo a PTV a shekarar 1976. Qasim Jalil ya karfafa mata gwiwa don neman aikin talabijin kuma Fatima Surayya Bajia ta jefa ta cikin wasan kwaikwayo. An san ta da rawar da ta taka a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Shama, Tipu Sultan: The Tiger Lord, Ana, Hawain, Aroosa da Brahim Ki Talaash. Ta kuma fito a cikin wasan kwaikwayo Yeh Bhi Kisi Ki Bayti Hai, Janay Kyun, Chain Aye Na, Rasam, Rishtay Mohabbaton Kay da Laikin. Ghazala kuma ta bayyana a fim din Mataki na 370 a matsayin mahaifiyar Mir. Tun daga wannan lokacin ta fito a cikin wasan kwaikwayo Ishq E Laa, Qissa Meherbano Ka da Sinf-e-Aahan.
Rayuwa ta mutum
Ghazala ta yi aure kuma tana da 'ya'ya hudu ciki har da' ya'ya maza uku da 'yar daya kuma ƙaramin ɗanta mai suna Hassan Kaifee mai ba da rahoto ne. Ghazala ya kuma kafa tushe da ake kira Foundation of Youth don taimakawa matalauta. Ita da mijinta an gano su da COVID-19 a lokacin annobar COVID-19 a Pakistan kuma sun shiga keɓewa sannan ita da mijinta suka warke daga coronavirus a ranar 23 ga Yuni a shekarar 2020.
Ksenia Ovsyannikova
Ksenia Ovsyannikova (an haife ta 5 Afrilu 1985) ƴar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta duniya ce ta ƙasar Rasha kuma memban Kwamitin Zartaswa na Wuya ta IWAS.
Rayuwa
An haife Ovsyannikova a shekarar 1985 a Moscow. Iyalinta sun kai ta Mozambique a lokacin da mahaifinta ke aiki a wani asibiti a can. Ta hau keken guragu sakamakon hatsarin ruwa a lokacin tana da shekaru goma sha shida. Yayin da take murmurewa daga hatsarin an ba ta damar shiga wasanni. Ba ta da burin wasa kafin hatsarin, amma ta tafi filin wasan keken guragu da kocin ya ba ta.
An kammala karatunta a Cibiyar Social Humanitarian na Jihar Moscow inda kuma ta sami digiri a fannin ilimin harshe da digiri na biyu a kan dangantakar kasa da kasa. Ta zama zakaran duniya a kasar Hungary a watan Satumban 2015. An dakatar da ita daga halartar wasannin nakasassu na bazara na shekarar 2016 da aka yi a birnin Rio, sakamakon dakatar da kwamitin wasannin nakasassu na kasa da kasa kan shigar tawagar kasar Rasha bayan wani bincike da kuma gano wani shirin na nakasassu da ke samun goyon bayan gwamnati. Ita mamba ce ta keken hannu ta ƙasa da ƙasa kuma memba na Kwamitin Gudanarwa na Wasannin Amputee (IWAS). A cikin 2017 ta zagaya Amurka a matsayin wani ɓangare na Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka Shirin Jagorantar Wasannin Duniya. Ta kasance tare da 'yar wasan Indiya Vibhas Sen akan abin da shirin ya bayyana a matsayin "manufa don haɗawa". A wannan shekarar ta doke Ulrike Lotz-Lange 'yar kasar Jamus sau biyu a gasar tseren keken hannu ta IWAS da aka yi a birnin Rome inda ta dauki lambobin zinare na foil da na 'yan wasan epée "C" na mata.
A lokacin Gasar Zare ta Duniya ta 2017 ta kasance a wurin a matsayin Shugabar Hukumar Ci Gaban IWAS. An gudanar da zanga-zangar wasan keken guragu a filin wasa na Arena Leipzig wanda Pal Szekeres IWAS shugaban wasan keken guragu da Udo Ziegler babban sakataren IWAS suka halarta.
A cikin shekarar 2021 ta shiga cikin wasu wakilai na kasa da kasa ciki har da Gemma Collis-McCann a kan Gender Equity Commission da Christina Massiala ta Girka ta kafa don duba batutuwan jinsi da suka shafi shingen keken hannu.
Ummu Kulthum bint Muhammad
Musulunta
An haife ta a Makka, mai yiyuwa ita ce ta biyar a cikin 'ya'yansu shida. An daura mata aure a shari'ance kafin watan Agusta shekara ta 610 ga Utaybah ibn Abi Lahab, amma ba a take auren ba. Ta kasance tana zaune tare da iyayenta lokacin da Muhammadu ya fara ayyana kansa a matsayin annabi, kuma Umm Kulthum ta musulunta jim kadan bayan mahaifiyarta ta yi.
Bayan Muhammadu ya gargadi Abu Lahab kan wutan jahannama a shekara ta 613, Abu Lahab ya gaya wa Utaybah cewa ba zai sake magana da shi ba, har sai dai in ya saki Ummu Kulthum, don haka sai ya yi. Dan uwanta na wurin uwa mai suna Hind ibn Abi Hala ya tambayi Muhammad, me ya sa ka raba Ummu Kulthum da Utaybah? Muhammad ya amsa da cewa, Allah bai bar ni in aurar da ita ga wanda ba zai shiga Aljanna ba.
Sharar gida da ba'a so
Sharar gida, kayan da ba'a so ko mara amfani, ya bambanta da nau'i da yawa a cikin ƙasashe daban-daban.
Ummu Kulthum bint Muhammad
Musulunta
Muhammad ya bar Makka a watan Satumba shekara ta 622. Ba da dadewa ba Zaidu bn Haritha ya kawo wa Ummu Kulthum da 'yar uwarta Fatima umarnin su bi babansu  Madina. Baffansu Al-Abbas ya dora su akan rakumi; amma suna tafiya sai Huwayrith bn Nuqaydh ya buge dabbar soboda ta jefar da su a kasa. Sai dai Ummu Kulthum da Fatima sun isa Madina lafiya. Muhammad ya tuna da harin kuma, lokacin da ya yi nasara a Makka a shekarar 630, ya yanke wa Huwayrith hukuncin kisa.
Sharar gida da ba'a so
Kasashen da suka ci gaba
Ƙasashen da suka cigaba suna samar da ƙarin sharar gida ga kowane mutum saboda suna da ƙimar yawan amfani. Akwai mafi girman adadin robobi da karafa da takarda a cikin magudanar shara na birni kuma akwai tsadar aiki. Yayin da ƙasashe ke ci gaba da haɓakawa, ana samun raguwar datti da toka. Samar da sharar kan kowa da kowa a cikin kasashen OECD ya karu da kashi 14% tun daga shekarar 1990, da kashi 35% tun daga shekarata 1980. Haɓaka sharar gida gabaɗaya yana girma da ɗan ƙasa da GDP a waɗannan ƙasashe. Ƙasashen da suka ci gaba suna cinye fiye da kashi 60% na albarkatun masana'antu na duniya kuma sun ƙunshi kashi 22% na al'ummar duniya kawai. A matsayin al'umma, ƙasar Amurkawa suna samar da sharar gida fiye da kowace al'umma a duniya tare 4.5 lbs na garin dattin sharar gida (MSW) kowane mutum a rana, kashi hamsin da biyar na abin da aka bayar a matsayin sharar gida.
Ummu Kulthum bint Muhammad
Aure na biyu
Bayan rasuwar 'yar uwarta Ruqayya ta bar Uthman a mai takaba, sai ya auri Ummu Kulthum. An daura auren bisa doka a watan Agusta/Satumba shekara ta 624, amma ba su zauna tare ba sai Disamba. Auren basu haihu ba.
Sharar gida da ba'a so
Kasashe masu tasowa
Kasashe masu tasowa suna samar da ƙananan matakan sharar gida ga kowane mutum tare da mafi girman adadin kayan halitta a cikin magudanar shara na birni. Idan an auna ta da nauyi, ragowar kwayoyin halitta (biodegradable) ya ƙunshi aƙalla kimanin kashi 50 na sharar gida a ƙasashe masu tasowa. Kudin ma'aikata ba su da yawa amma sarrafa sharar gida gabaɗaya shine mafi girman kaso na kashe kuɗin birni. Kuma Yayin da ake ci gaba da ci gaba da zama birni, sharar gida ta ƙaru da sauri fiye da na birane saboda karuwar amfani da rage tsawon rayuwar samfur.
Ummu Kulthum bint Muhammad
Aure na biyu
A shekarar 650 'yan tawaye sun fito a jihohin Masar da Iraki. A shekara ta 655 wasu gungun miyagu na Masar sun yi tattaki zuwa Madina, wurin zama na hukumar khalifa. Usman kuwa ya kasance mai sulhuntawa, sai ‘yan tawayen suka koma Masar. Amma ba da dadewa ba, wasu gungun 'yan tawaye suka yiwa Usman kewaye a gidansa, kuma bayan an shafe kwanaki da dama ana gwabza fada, aka kashe shi.
Mutuwa
Ummu Kulthum ta rasu a watan Nuwamba/Disamba shekara ta 630. Mahaifinta ya yi sallar jana'izarta cikin hawaye; sai Ali da Usama bn Zaid da Abu Talha suka ajiye gawar. Muhammad ya ce, da ina da 'ya'ya mata guda goma, da na aurar da su duka ga Usman. An san Uthman da Dhu al-Nurayn ("Ma'abucin fitilu biyu") domin an yi imani da cewa babu wani mutum da ya taba auren 'ya'ya mata biyu na Annabi.
Sharar gida da ba'a so
Abubuwan da ke kan iyaka tare da sharar gida
Sharar gida ana jigilar ta zuwa ƙasashe masu tasowa don sake amfani da su ko zubarwa. Yarjejeniyar Basel yarjejeniya ce ta Muhalli da yawa don hana matsalar zubar da shara a cikin ƙasashen da ke da raunin dokokin kare muhalli. Yarjejeniyar ba ta hana kafa kauyukan sharar gida ba.
Ummu Kulthum bint Muhammad
Ra'ayin Shi'a goma sha biyu
Bayanan ‘ yan Shi’a na baya-bayan nan ba su dauke ta a matsayin ‘yar Muhammadu ta gaskiya ba; suna daukar Fatima kaɗai a matsayin diyarsa tilo. A wajen mafi yawan ‘yan Shi’a da Ahlus-Sunnah, ruwayoyin da suka tabbatar da haka ba su inganta ba.
Na'urar dake sarrafa zafi daga shara
Naúrar dawo da zafi na sharar gida (WHRU) shine mai musanya zafi mai dawo da makamashi wanda ke canja wurin zafi daga abubuwan sarrafawa a babban zafin jiki zuwa wani ɓangaren tsari don wasu dalilai, yawanci yana haɓaka aiki. WHRU kayan aiki ne da ke cikin haɗin kai. Kuma Za'a iya fitar da sharar da zafi daga tushe kamar iskar hayaki mai zafi daga janareta na dizal, tururi daga hasumiya mai sanyaya, ko ma sharar ruwa daga hanyoyin sanyaya kamar na sanyaya karfe.
Raka'a dawo da zafi
Na'urar busar da zafi mai ɗorewa (WHRB) ta bambanta da na'urar samar da tururi mai dawo da zafi ( HRSG ) a ma'anar cewa matsakaicin zafi ba ya canza lokaci.
Zafin wutar lantarki
Bisa ga rahoton da Energetics Incorporated ya yi don DOE a watan Nuwamba shekarata 2004 mai suna Technology Roadmap da kuma wasu da dama da hukumar Turai ta yi, yawancin samar da makamashi daga al'ada da albarkatun da za a iya sabuntawa sun ɓace zuwa yanayi saboda wurin (rashin ingancin kayan aiki). da hasarar da aka yi a sanadiyyar sharar da zafin rana) da kuma asara (asara ta USB da taswirar wuta), wanda adadin ya kai kusan kashi 66% na asarar wutar lantarki. Za'a iya samun ɓarkewar zafi na digiri daban-daban a cikin samfuran ƙarshe na wani tsari ko azaman samfuri a masana'antu kamar suttura a cikin masana'antar ƙera ƙarfe . Kuma Raka'a ko na'urorin da za su iya dawo da zafin sharar da kuma canza shi zuwa wutar lantarki ana kiran su WHRUs ko zafi zuwa raka'a :
Amfani
Tsarin dawowa zai kara dacewar tsarin kuma don haka rage farashin man fetur da makamashi da ake bukata don wannan tsari.
Gidan Kayan Gargajiya Na Art Modern Na Algiers
Gidan kayan gargajiya na Art Modern na Algiers (MaMa) gidan kayan gargajiya ne na fasaha a Algiers. An kaddamar da shi a shekara ta 2007.
Tarihi
Ginin, wanda aka gina a tsakanin 1901 zuwa 1909, an fara amfani da shi azaman kantin sayar da kayayyaki, Galeries de France. Gine-ginensa neo-moorish. An sake gyara shi don daukar nauyin gidan kayan gargajiya a matakai biyar.
An bude MaMa a lokacin aikin "Algiers, babban birnin al'adun Larabawa 2007". Ma'aikatar Al'adu Khalida Toumi ta tallafa. Gidan kayan gargajiya yana a lamba 25 na titi Larbi Ben M'hidi (formerly rue d'Isly).
Masu kula
Mai kula da aikin yanzu shine Mohamed Djehiche, masanin tarihin fasaha.
Eduardo Riedel
Eduardo Riedel (Rio de Janeiro, Yuli 5, 1969) ɗan kasuwa ne kuma ɗan siyasa ɗan ƙasar Brazil, wanda aka zaɓi gwamnan Mato Grosso do Sul a zaɓen 2022.
Shi ne Sakataren Ma'aikatar Lantarki na Mato Grosso do Sul tun ranar 22 ga Fabrairun shekarar 2022. A cikin 2015, Riedel ya yi murabus daga matsayin Babban Jami'in Famasul (2012-2014), yana ɗaukar ikon mallakar Sakataren Gwamnati da Gudanar da Dabarun Mato Grosso do Sul, a cikin gwamnatin Reinaldo Azambuja, matsayin da ya ci gaba da kasancewa har zuwa lokacin 2021.
A cikin 1994, ya auri Mônica Morais wanda yake da yara biyu: Marcela da Rafael.
Babban Holm
Steep Holm ( Welsh, Old English kuma daga baya Steopanreolice  ) tsibiri ne na Ingilishi kwance a tashar Bristol. Tsibirin ya rufe 48.87 acre a babban tudu, yana faɗaɗa zuwa 63.26 acre a ma'anar ƙananan ruwa. A mafi girman matsayi shine 78 m sama da matsakaicin matakin teku. Gudanarwa ya zama wani ɓangare na ikon yanki na North Somerset a cikin gundumar bikin Somerset ; tsakanin 1 Afrilun shekarar 1974 da 1 Afrilu 1996, an gudanar da shi azaman ɓangare na Avon. Kusa da tsibirin Flat Holm ( Welsh ), wani yanki na Wales.
Tsibirin Carboniferous Limestone ya tashi zuwa kusan 200 ft kuma yana aiki azaman guguwar iska da raƙuman ruwa, yana ba da kariya ta sama ta tashar Bristol. Tsibirin yanzu babu mazauna, in ban da masu gadi. An kiyaye shi azaman wurin ajiyar yanayi da Wurin Sha'awar Kimiyya ta Musamman (SSSI) tare da yawan tsuntsaye da tsirrai gami da peonies na daji. Akwai tashar sigina ko hasumiya a tsibirin a zamanin Romawa, amma wataƙila an sami wurin zama na ɗan adam tun farkon zamanin ƙarfe. A cikin karni na 6 gida ne ga St Gildas kuma ga ƙaramin Augustinian priory a cikin ƙarni na 12th da 13th. An gina masauki a cikin shekara ta 1832 kuma an yi amfani da shi don hutu a karni na 19. An kafa mafakar tsuntsaye a cikin 1931 kuma tun 1951 an yi hayar ga amintattun amintattu. Yanzu mallakar Kenneth Allsop Memorial Trust ne.
A cikin shekarar 1860s tsibirin ya kasance mai ƙarfi tare da masu ɗaukar makamai masu girman inci 7 guda goma a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Forts na Palmerston don tsaron bakin teku na tashar Bristol har sai an yi watsi da shi a cikin shekarar 1898. An sake amfani da kayan aikin a yakin duniya na daya da na biyu lokacin Mark <span about="#mwt43" class="nowrap" data-cx="[{&amp;quot;adapted&amp;quot;:true,&amp;quot;targetExists&amp;quot;:true,&amp;quot;mandatoryTargetParams&amp;quot;:[],&amp;quot;optionalTargetParams&amp;quot;:[]}]" data-mw="{&amp;quot;parts&amp;quot;:[{&amp;quot;template&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;target&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Spaces&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;href&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;./Template:Spaces&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;params&amp;quot;:{},&amp;quot;i&amp;quot;:0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwNw" typeof="mw:Transclusion"> & nbsp;     VII <span about="#mwt44" class="nowrap" data-cx="[{&amp;quot;adapted&amp;quot;:true,&amp;quot;targetExists&amp;quot;:true,&amp;quot;mandatoryTargetParams&amp;quot;:[],&amp;quot;optionalTargetParams&amp;quot;:[]}]" data-mw="{&amp;quot;parts&amp;quot;:[{&amp;quot;template&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;target&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Spaces&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;href&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;./Template:Spaces&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;params&amp;quot;:{},&amp;quot;i&amp;quot;:0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwOA" typeof="mw:Transclusion"> & nbsp;      An shigar da bindigogi masu saukar ungulu mai inci 6 da fitilun bincike. Don ba da damar motsin kayan, sojoji daga Rundunar Sojojin Indiya sun fara amfani da alfadarai sannan suka shigar da hanyar jirgin ƙasa mai juyawa da ke aiki da kebul.
Geology da muhalli
An kafa tsibirin na Carboniferous Limestone kuma ana kwatanta shi sau da yawa a matsayin ci gaba da tudun Mendip a Brean Down ; duk da haka, tsoma yana a wani kusurwa daban zuwa wancan akan Brean Down. A kan Steep Holm tsomawa kusan digiri 30 ne zuwa arewa yayin da a Brean Down yana da digiri 30 zuwa kudu. Akwai wasu folds da karaya tare da kusurwoyi dip har zuwa digiri 75 da aka kirkira a lokutan karshe na Variscan orogeny kusa da ƙarshen lokacin Carboniferous, 300 shekaru miliyan da suka wuce.
Tsibirin ya kai kusan 200 ft daga tekun da ke kewaye kuma ya rufe 49 acre a babban igiyar ruwa, yayin da a ƙananan igiyar ruwa ya faɗaɗa zuwa 63 acre saboda kewayon tidal na 43 ft, na biyu kawai zuwa Bay of Fundy a Gabashin Kanada. Akwai kogo da yawa a tsibirin, da ramukan tukunya har zuwa 60 m zurfi a cikin kewayen gadon teku wanda aka yi imanin cewa ragowar tsarin kogo ne. Kogon da ke kan tsaunukan tsibiran sun kasance a matakai biyu daban-daban: kogon da ke cikin yankin inter-tidal na yanzu wanda ke ƙarƙashin teburin ruwa kuma suna samar da stalactites, da sauran mutane da yawa a kan dutsen da ke kan layin ruwa da yawa. dubban shekaru da suka wuce.
An kiyaye Steep Holm azaman ajiyar yanayi da kuma Shafin Sha'awar Kimiyya na Musamman (SSSI), sanarwar da ta faru a cikin 1952. Akwai babban yawan tsuntsaye, musamman na Turai herring gulls (Larus argentatus) da ƙananan gulls masu baƙar fata (Larus fuscus). Hakanan an sami ƙaramin barewa na muntjac. Filin da ke saman tsibirin yana da shimfidar ƙasa tsakanin 6 in da 12 in zurfi. Yana da launin ja daga jijiyoyin ƙarfe a cikin dutsen kuma ya zo azaman yashi ƙasa da 0.0039 in a diamita. Tsibirin ita ce kawai wurin da ke cikin Burtaniya wanda peonies daji (Paeonia mascula) ke tsiro, ko da yake waɗannan sun lalace ta hanyar botrytis naman gwari. An gabatar da peony na daji zuwa tsibirin Steep Holm, mai yiwuwa ta wurin sufaye, ko kuma Romawa suka kawo daga Bahar Rum. Alexanders ( Smyrnium olusatrum ) kuma na kowa tare da zinariya samphire, buck's-horn plantain ( Plantago coronopus ) da kuma daji leek ( Allium ampeloprasum ). Kadai dabbobi masu rarrafe a tsibirin su ne slowworms ( Anguis fragilis ).
Prehistoric zuwa Roman
Alamar farko ta ayyukan ɗan adam a tsibirin ita ce kashin baya na jajayen barewa da gano a cikin kogon biyar na Johns yayin bincike a cikin 1975. tsakanin 1977 da 1992.
Tushen addini
Bisa ga almara, wanda John Leland ya fara rubutawa a cikin karni na 16, Saint Gildas, marubucin De Excidio et Conquestu Britanniae, ya rayu a Steep Holm a lokacin karni na 6. Ya isa a Steep Holm bayan ya ziyarci abokinsa Saint Cadoc, wanda ya rayu a Flat Holm a matsayin hermit. Ana tsammanin Gildas ya bar tsibirin, bayan da 'yan fashin teku daga Orkney suka kwashe baransa da kayan daki, suka zama Abbot na Glastonbury. Sauran tsarkakan almara kuma suna da alaƙa da tsibirin; a cikin John Rous's Historia Regum Angliae (c. 1480), Rous yayi iƙirarin cewa Saint Dubricius, saint ya ce ya nada Arthur, ya yi ritaya zuwa wani hermitage a tsibirin 'Stepeholm' a cikin kogin Severn. Vikings sun fake a Steep Holm a lokacin bazara na 914 sannan suka kai farmaki a gabar tekun Somerset a Watchet da Porlock, a cewar Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. A ƙarshen karni na 12, akwai ƙaramin fifiko na Canons Regular na St Michael a tsibirin. Ginin da aka tono cikakke kawai ya auna 73 ft tsayi da 15 ft fadi, tare da ƙulli da sauran gine-gine har yanzu ba a gano su ba. Ba a san kwanan wata asalin kafuwar farko ba; duk da haka, a farkon ƙarni na 13 majiɓinci shine William I de Cantilupe. Iyalinsa kuma sun kasance majiɓintan Studley Priory a Warwickshire. Jikansa ta auri Ubangiji Robert de Tregoz wanda ya sami 'yanci na dukan tsibirin; duk da haka, abubuwan ba da kyauta don kiyaye abubuwan da suka fi muhimmanci sun ragu, wanda ya haifar da watsi da shi tsakanin 1260 zuwa 1265, sufaye sun koma Studley Priory. Wani dutse mai tunawa da Blue Lias daga abbey, wanda ke da Cross of Lorraine, an samo shi a cikin 1867 a lokacin katangar tsibirin. An shigar da shi cikin ma'ajiyar makamai da ke kaiwa ga sunan "batir dutsen kabari".
Manufofin mallaka
Koyaya, a cikin shekarun da suka biyo baya, an yi gardama kan mallakar mallakar gidaje iri-iri, gami da Norton Beauchamp, wanda Steep Holm ke tare da shi. A tsakiyar wannan shi ne takaddama daga yadda aka ba da Barony daga Thomas Berkeley, Baron na 5. Waɗannan rigingimu sun kasance a gefe ɗaya James Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley, wanda kuma aka sani da 'James the Just' (kada a ruɗe shi da sauran 1st Baron Berkeley Thomas de Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley wanda ya riga ya cika shekaru 150). Amma duk da haka ga James wanda Barony ya koma ƙarƙashin sabon halitta ta rubuce-rubuce tun daga kawunsa, wanda aka ambata Thomas de Berkeley (Baron na biyar) ba shi da magada maza duk da cewa ya sanya wa 'yarsa tilo (Elizabeth Berkeley) a matsayin magajinsa. Wannan zai zama farkon takaddamar shari'a da aka dade ana yi.
A gefe guda na takaddamar da ta samo asali ta hanyar layin James, sabon Baron na farko, ya ci gaba ta hanyar dansa (Sir) William de Berkeley, 1st Marquess na Berkeley a 1463, wanda shine batu na farko na namiji daga aurensa na 3 da Lady Isabel de. Mowbray Hakan ya biyo bayan aure biyu da aka yi a baya da ba a samu ‘ya’ya ba. A gefe guda na jayayya akwai zuriyar Elizabeth Berkeley da aka ambata (James' the 1st Baron's, 1st cousin) musamman ta hanyar 'yarta Margaret (de Beauchamp) wanda ke nuna wasu makirci masu ban sha'awa.
Ɗayan irin wannan shirin yana tare da John Talbot, 1st Earl na Shrewsbury wanda ya ɗauki Margaret de Beauchamp a matsayin matarsa ta 2. Aurensa na farko, ga Maud Neville ('yar ubansa Thomas Neville, Baron Furnivall ) kuma wanda ya haifar da Lady Joan Talbot, daga cikin yara 6 duk da haka sananne ne. Haka John Talbot da alama an sace shi kuma an daure su har zuwa mutuwarsu a 1452, matar James Berkeley na 3 (Baron na farko) kuma mahaifiyar Baron Berkeley na 2 da aka ambata (Sir William de Berkeley). Duk da haka, wannan James Berkeley, ya ɗauki mata ta 4, Lady Joan Talbot (watau 'yar John Talbot wanda ya sace matarsa ta 3! ).
Wani ƙarin shirin, ko tsawaita na baya, ya sake komawa kusa da John Talbot amma wannan lokacin sakamakon aurensa da Margaret de Beauchamp. Babban ɗansu, John Talbot, 1st Baron na Lisle da 1st Viscount Lisle, shine mahaifin Thomas Talbot, Baron na 2 na Lisle da 2nd Viscount Lisle. Wannan Thomas Talbot ya nemi yin da'awarsa a kan ƙasashen Baron Berkeley a kan mutuwar kakarsa Margaret de Beauchamp ('yar Elizabeth Berkeley da ba a ba da izini ba), wanda a cikin wucin gadi ya ci gaba da matsawa da'awarta ga ƙasar Baron Berkeley a kan James Berkeley Baron 1. Ya kawo shi cikin adawa kai tsaye tare da Sir William de Berkeley (Baron na biyu kuma dan James Berkeley kuma ya zo kan gaba a yakin Nibley Green (1470), biyo bayan abin da aka kwatanta da ƙalubalen da Thomas Talbot ya yi wa Sir William, wanda ya yi nasara. ya ƙare a ƙarshen rana mai zuwa tare da mutuwar Thomas Talbot da kuma korar Manor na gaba a Wotton-under-Edge.
A cikin karni na 16 Edward Seymour, Duke na Somerset na 1 kuma ɗan'uwan Jane Seymour (mata ta uku Henry VIII ) ya karɓi mulki, sannan ya ɓace, manyan gidaje ciki har da Brean, wanda Steep Holm ya haɗu. Auren 'yar uwarsa Jane da Henry na VIII a cikin 1536 ya zo daidai lokacin da aka sanya shi Viscount Beauchamp, mai yiwuwa ya danganta da auren kakanni tsakanin Sir Roger Seymour (c.1308 - Kafin 1366), wanda ya auri Cicely, babbar 'yar'uwa kuma magajin John de. Beauchamp, Baron Beauchamp na 3. Wannan yana iya kasancewa da alaƙa da Barony na Hatch Beauchamp, Somerset, wanda mahaifinsa Sir John Seymour ya yi a baya.