cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Ciwon daji mai launi
Kulawar jin daɗi
Shiga cikin kulawar jin daɗi na iya zama da amfani don inganta rayuwar mutum da danginsa, ta hanyar inganta alamun cututtuka, damuwa da hana shiga asibiti.
A cikin mutanen da ke fama da ciwon daji na launi maras magani, kulawar jin daɗi na iya ƙunshi hanyoyin da ke kawar da alamun cututtuka ko rikitarwa daga ciwon daji amma kada ku yi ƙoƙarin warkar da ciwon daji, don haka inganta rayuwar rayuwa. Zaɓuɓɓukan fiɗa na iya haɗawa da cirewar wasu ƙwayar cutar kansa ta hanyar tiyata marasa magani, ƙetare wani ɓangaren hanji, ko sanya stent. Ana iya la'akari da waɗannan hanyoyin don inganta alamun bayyanar cututtuka da kuma rage rikitarwa kamar zubar jini daga ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayoyi, ciwon ciki da kuma toshewar hanji. Hanyoyin da ba a yi amfani da su ba na maganin bayyanar cututtuka sun haɗa da maganin radiation don rage girman ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta da magungunan ciwo.
Bibiya
Cibiyar Cutar Cutar Kasa ta Amurka da kuma al'adar Clinical ta Amurka ta samar da jagorori saboda masu lalata cutar ta bakin ciki. Ana ba da shawarar tarihin likita da duba lafiyar jiki kowane watanni 3 zuwa 6 na tsawon shekaru 2, sannan kowane watanni 6 har tsawon shekaru 5. Ma'aunin matakin jini na Carcinoembryonic antigen yana bin lokaci guda, amma ana ba da shawarar kawai ga mutanen da ke da T2 ko raunuka mafi girma waɗanda ke takarar shiga tsakani. Ana iya yin la'akari da CT-scan na ƙirji, ciki da ƙashin ƙugu a kowace shekara don shekaru 3 na farko ga mutanen da ke cikin haɗarin sake dawowa (misali, waɗanda suka sami bambance-bambancen ciwace-ciwacen daji ko venous ko lymphatic mamayewa) kuma su ne 'yan takara don maganin warkewa. tiyata (da nufin warkewa). Ana iya yin ƙwanƙwaran ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta bayan shekara 1, sai dai idan ba za a iya yin shi ba a lokacin da aka fara farawa saboda yawan abin da ya hana, wanda ya kamata a yi bayan watanni 3 zuwa 6. Idan an sami polyp mai wutsiya, polyp> 1 centimita ko dysplasia mai girma, ana iya maimaita shi bayan shekaru 3, sannan a kowace shekara 5. Don wasu abubuwan da ba su da kyau, ana iya maimaita colonoscopy bayan shekara 1.
PET na yau da kullun ko duban duban dan tayi, X-rays na kirji, cikakken adadin jini ko gwajin aikin hanta ba a ba da shawarar ba.
Ga mutanen da aka yi wa tiyatar warkewa ko maganin jin daɗi (ko duka biyu) don magance ciwon daji na colorectal wanda ba na metastatic ba, ba a nuna tsananin sa ido da bin kusanci ba don samar da ƙarin fa'idodin rayuwa.
Motsa jiki
Ana iya ba da shawarar motsa jiki a nan gaba azaman magani na biyu ga waɗanda suka tsira daga cutar kansa. A cikin nazarin cututtukan cututtuka, motsa jiki na iya rage takamaiman mace-mace-cancer na launin fata da kuma yawan mace-mace. Sakamako na takamaiman adadin motsa jiki da ake buƙata don lura da fa'ida sun yi karo da juna. Waɗannan bambance-bambancen na iya nuna bambance-bambance a cikin ilmin halitta na ƙari da kuma bayyana alamun halittu. Mutanen da ke da ciwace-ciwacen da ba su da maganganun CTNNB1 (β-catenin), suna shiga cikin hanyar siginar Wnt, sun buƙaci fiye da 18 Metabolic daidai (MET) sa'o'i a kowane mako, ma'auni na motsa jiki, don lura da raguwa a cikin mutuwar ciwon daji na launi. Hanyar yadda motsa jiki ke amfanar rayuwa na iya shiga cikin sa ido na rigakafi da hanyoyin kumburi. A cikin nazarin asibiti, an sami amsa mai kumburi a cikin mutanen da ke da ciwon daji na launi na II-III waɗanda suka yi makonni 2 na matsakaicin motsa jiki bayan sun kammala aikin farko. Ma'aunin Oxidative na iya zama wata hanya mai yuwuwa don amfanin da aka lura. An sami raguwa mai yawa a cikin 8-oxo-dG a cikin fitsarin mutanen da suka yi makonni 2 na matsakaicin motsa jiki bayan farfaɗo na farko. Sauran hanyoyin da za a iya amfani da su na iya haɗawa da hormone na rayuwa da jima'i-steroid hormones, ko da yake waɗannan hanyoyi na iya shiga cikin wasu nau'in ciwon daji
Wani m biomarker iya zama p27. Wadanda suka tsira tare da ciwace-ciwacen da suka bayyana p27 kuma sun yi girma kuma sun yi daidai da 18 MET hours a mako daya an gano sun rage yawan mutuwar ciwon daji na launin fata idan aka kwatanta da wadanda ke da kasa da 18 MET hours a mako guda. Wadanda suka tsira ba tare da maganganun p27 waɗanda suka yi motsa jiki an nuna su suna da sakamako mafi muni ba. Ƙaddamar da kunnawa ta hanyar PI3K/AKT/mTOR na iya yin bayanin asarar p27 da ma'auni mai yawa na makamashi na iya daidaita tsarin p27 don dakatar da kwayoyin cutar kansa daga rarrabuwa.
Hasashen
Kasa da kwayoyin halitta 600 suna da alaƙa da sakamako a cikin ciwon daji mai launi. Waɗannan sun haɗa da duka nau'ikan kwayoyin da ba su da kyau, inda babban magana ke da alaƙa da sakamako mara kyau, misali girgizar zafi 70 kDa furotin 1 (HSPA1A), da kyawawan ƙwayoyin cuta inda babban magana ke da alaƙa da rayuwa mafi kyau, misali furotin mai ɗaure RNA mai ɗorewa. RBM3).
Yawan maimaitawa
Matsakaicin yawan dawowa na shekaru biyar a cikin mutanen da aikin tiyata ya yi nasara shine 5% na ciwon daji na mataki na, 12% a mataki na II da 33% a mataki na III. Duk da haka, dangane da adadin abubuwan haɗari ya tashi daga 9-22% a mataki na II da 17-44% a mataki na III.
Yawan tsira
A Turai, tsawon shekaru biyar na rayuwa na ciwon daji na launin fata bai wuce 60% ba. A cikin kasashen da suka ci gaba kusan kashi uku na mutanen da ke kamuwa da cutar suna mutuwa daga cutar.
Rayuwa yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da ganowa da kuma nau'in ciwon daji da ke tattare da shi, amma gabaɗaya ba shi da kyau ga cututtukan daji masu alama, saboda galibi sun ci gaba sosai. Adadin tsira don gano matakin farko ya ninka sau biyar fiye da na ciwon daji a ƙarshen mataki. Mutanen da ke da ciwon daji wanda bai keta mucosa na mucosa ba (TNM matakin Tis, N0, M0) suna da adadin rayuwa na shekaru biyar na 100%, yayin da wadanda ke da ciwon daji na T1 (a cikin submucosal Layer) ko T2 (a cikin muscular). Layer) suna da matsakaicin adadin rayuwa na shekaru biyar kusan 90%. Waɗanda ke da ƙari mai ɓarna duk da haka ba tare da shigar kumburi ba (T3-4, N0, M0) suna da matsakaicin ƙimar rayuwa na shekaru biyar kusan 70%. Mutanen da ke da ƙananan ƙwayoyin lymph na yanki (kowane T, N1-3, M0) suna da matsakaicin matsakaicin shekaru biyar na rayuwa kusan 40%, yayin da waɗanda ke da metastases mai nisa (kowane T, kowane N, M1) suna da rashin fahimta da biyar. Rayuwar shekara ta bambanta daga <5 bisa dari zuwa kashi 31.   Hasashen ya dogara da abubuwa da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da matakin lafiyar jiki na mutum, girman metastases, da ƙimar ƙari.
Duk da yake tasirin ciwon daji na launin fata akan waɗanda suka tsira ya bambanta sosai, sau da yawa za a sami buƙatar daidaitawa ga sakamakon jiki da tunani na rashin lafiya da maganinta. Misali, ya zama ruwan dare ga mutane su fuskanci rashin natsuwa, tabarbarewar jima'i, matsaloli tare da kula da stoma da kuma tsoron sake dawowar ciwon daji bayan an kammala maganin farko.
Wani ingantaccen tsarin bita da aka buga a cikin 2021 ya nuna cewa akwai manyan abubuwa guda uku da ke haifar da daidaitawa ga rayuwa tare da kuma bayan cutar kansa ta launi: hanyoyin tallafi, tsananin tasirin ƙarshen jiyya da daidaitawar zamantakewa. Don haka yana da mahimmanci a ba mutane tallafin da ya dace don taimaka musu su dace da rayuwa bayan jiyya.
Epidemiology
Duniya fiye da 1 Miliyoyin mutane suna kamuwa da cutar kansar launin fata a kowace shekara wanda ya haifar da mutuwar kusan 715,000 a cikin 2010 daga 490,000 a 1990.
, it is the second most common cause of cancer in women (9.2% of diagnoses) and the third most common in men (10.0%) with it being the fourth most common cause of cancer death after lung, stomach, and liver cancer. It is more common in developed than developing countries. Globally incidences vary 10-fold with highest rates in Australia, New Zealand, Europe and the US and lowest rates in Africa and South-Central Asia.
Amurka
Ciwon daji na launin fata shine na biyu mafi girma na sanadin kamuwa da cutar kansa da kuma mutuwa ga maza da mata a Amurka a hade. An kiyasta cutar 141,210 a cikin 2011.
Dangane da farashin daga 2007 zuwa 2009, kashi 5.0% na maza da matan Amurka da aka haifa a yau za su kamu da ciwon daji a lokacin rayuwarsu. Daga 2005 zuwa 2009, matsakaicin shekarun da aka gano don ciwon daji na hanji da dubura a Amurka yana da shekaru 69. Kusan 0.1% an gano su a ƙarƙashin shekaru 20; 1.1% tsakanin 20 da 34; 4.0% tsakanin 35 da 44; 13.4% tsakanin 45 da 54; 20.4% tsakanin 55 da 64; 24.0% tsakanin 65 da 74; 25.0% tsakanin 75 da 84; da 12.0% 85+ shekaru. Farashin ya fi girma a tsakanin maza (54 a cikin 100,000 cf 40 cikin 100,000 na mata).
Ƙasar Ingila
A Burtaniya kimanin mutane 41,000 ne ke kamuwa da cutar kansar hanji a shekara wanda ya zama nau'i na hudu da aka fi yawan samu.
Papua New Guinea
A cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa kamar Papua New Guinea da sauran Jihohin tsibirin Pacific da suka haɗa da tsibirin Solomon, cutar kansar launin fata cuta ce da ba a taɓa samunta ba a tsakanin mutane, wacce ba ta fi yawa ba idan aka kwatanta da huhu, ciki, hanta ko kansar nono. An kiyasta cewa aƙalla kashi 8 cikin 100,000 na mutane suna iya kamuwa da cutar kansar launin fata a kowace shekara, wanda ba kamar huhu ko kansar nono ba, inda na ƙarshe kawai 24 a cikin 100,000 na mata kawai.
Tarihi
An gano ciwon daji na dubura a cikin tsohuwar mummy ta Masar wacce ta rayu a cikin Dakhleh Oasis a lokacin Ptolemaic.
Bincike
Shaida ta farko ta in-vitro tana nuna kwayoyin lactic acid (misali, lactobacilli, streptococci ko lactococci ) na iya zama kariya daga ci gaba da ci gaba da ciwon daji na launi ta hanyar hanyoyi da yawa kamar aikin antioxidant, immunomodulation, inganta shirin mutuwar kwayar halitta, antiproliferative effects, da epigenetic gyare-gyare. na kwayoyin cutar daji.
Mouse model na colorectal da ciwon daji na hanji an haɓaka kuma ana amfani dashi a cikin bincike.
Sun Ultra jerin
Silsilar Sun Ultra layin aiki ne da aka dakatar da kwamfutocin uwar garken da Sun Microsystems suka haɓaka kuma suka sayar, wanda ya ƙunshi tsararraki guda biyu 2. An gabatar da layin asali a cikin shekara ta alif dari tara da casa'in da biyar 1995, kuma an daina shi a cikin shekara ta dubu biyu da daya 2001. Sun Blade ya maye gurbin wannan ƙarnin a cikin shekara ta dubu biyu 2000, kuma wannan layin da kansa ya maye gurbinsa da Sun Java Workstation — tsarin AMD Opteron — a cikin shekara ta dubu biyu da hudu 2004. A cikin daidaitawa tare da sauyawa zuwa x86-64 - kayan aikin gine-gine, a cikin shekara ta dubu biyu da biyar 2005 an sake farfado da alamar Ultra tare da ƙaddamar da Ultra ashirin 20 da Ultra arba'in 40, ko da yake ga wasu rikice-rikice, tun da ba a dogara da na'urori na UltraSPARC ba.
Lary Mehanna
An haife ta a Lebanon ga mahaifin ɗan Lebanon da kuma mahaifiyar Faransa, Mehanna ta ƙaura zuwa Faransa tana da shekara ɗaya. Ya kasance daga cikin kungiyar matasa ta Paris Saint-Germain, kafin ya koma Lebanon a 2003, yana wasa a Ansar. Bayan ɗan gajeren aiki a Faransa a Tremblay a cikin 2011–12, Mehanna ya koma Ansar, kafin ya koma Faransa a 2016, yana wasa a ƙungiyar Villeparisis mai son.
Sun Ultra jerin
Samfurin asali
Ainihin wuraren aiki na Ultra da Ultra Enterprise (daga baya, "Sun Enterprise") sabobin sune tsarin tushen UltraSPARC da aka samar daga shekara ta alif dari tara da casa'in da biyar 1995 zuwa shekara ta dubu biyu da daya 2001, wanda ya maye gurbin SPARCstation na baya da jerin SPARCcenter/SPARCserver bi da bi. Wannan ya gabatar da na'ura mai sarrafa 64-bit UltraSPARC kuma a cikin sigogin baya, fasahar da aka samu daga PC mai arha, kamar bas ɗin PCI da ATA (samfurin farko na Ultra 1 da 2 sun riƙe SBus na magabata). An sayar da kewayon asali na Ultra a lokacin bukin dot-com, kuma ya zama ɗayan manyan tallace-tallacen tallace-tallace na kwamfutoci da Sun Microsystems suka haɓaka, tare da kamfanoni da ƙungiyoyi da yawa-ciki har da Sun kanta-dogara ga samfuran Sun Ultra tsawon shekaru bayan samfuran magajin su. an sake su.
Farfaɗowar alama
An sake farfado da alamar Ultra a cikin shekara ta 2005 tare da ƙaddamar da Ultra 20 da Ultra 40 tare da x86-64 - Architecture.
Lary Mehanna
Mehanna ta buga wa Labanan din wasa tsakanin kasashen duniya tsakanin 2006 da 2014. Ya buga wasanni sama da 30, yana wakiltar Lebanon a wasannin share fage na gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2010 da kuma wasannin share fagen cin Kofin Asiya na 2011 na AFC.
Sun Ultra jerin
Farfaɗowar alama
Tsarin Ultra na tushen x64 ya kasance a cikin fayil ɗin Sun na ƙarin shekaru biyar 5; na ƙarshe, na tushen Intel Xeon Ultra 27, ya yi ritaya a watan Yuni na shekara ta   2010, don haka ya ƙare tarihin Sun a matsayin mai siyar da kayan aiki.
Late SPARC model
An fito da kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka ta SPARC na tushen Ultra 3 Mobile Workstation a cikin shekara ta 2005 kuma, amma zai tabbatar da ƙirar ɗan gajeren lokaci kuma an yi ritaya a shekara mai zuwa. Sakin sa bai zo daidai da sauran layin ba saboda yawancin alamar sun riga sun koma x86.
Lary Mehanna
Klub din
Mehanna ta shiga kungiyar Ansar ta Premier ta Labanon a ranar 8 ga Yulin 2003. Ya yi ritaya daga kwallon kafa a cikin Disamba 2015, kafin ya koma Faransa a watan Janairun 2016,  ya koma Villeparisis na 3 na Yanki a rukuni na takwas na Faransa.
Sun Ultra jerin
Late SPARC model
Bugu da ƙari, an ƙaddamar da sababbin tsarin UltraSPARC IIIi na Ultra 25 da Ultra 45 a cikin shekara ta 2006.
Umberto Eco
Umberto Eco (5 ga Janairu, 1932 - 19 ga Fabrairu, 2016) ne ɗan ƙasar Italiya ne kuma farfesa a tarihin daɗaɗɗen tarihi a Bologna. An haifi Eco a cikin 1932 a arewacin Italiya. A matsayinsa na ɗalibi, ya karanci ilimin falsafa, tarihi, adabi, da kuma ilimin ilimi. Ya gama karatunsa a shekarar 1954 tare da wani doctoral sabawa rubuce-rubucensu game da Thomas Aquinas. A shekarar 1962, ya yi aure.
Sun Ultra jerin
Late SPARC model
A cikin watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2008, Sun ta dakatar da duk waɗannan, tare da kawo ƙarshen samar da wuraren aikin gine-gine na SPARC.
Lary Mehanna
Ayyukan duniya
A ranar 16 ga watan Oktoba shekarar 2015, Mehanna ya sanar da yin ritaya daga kasashen duniya.
Sun Ultra jerin
Late SPARC model
Asalin jerin Ultra/Kasuwanci kanta daga baya an maye gurbinsu da wurin aiki na Sun Blade da jeri na sabar Wuta.
Lary Mehanna
Rayuwar mutum
A ranar 21 ga watan Agusta shekarar 2016, Mehanna ta auri Natalie Nasrallah. Kulob din da ya fi so shi ne Paris Saint-Germain ta Faransa.
Umberto Eco
Ya aiki a matsayin littafin marubuci ya fara da sunan Rose a 1980, bayan da ya riga ya rubuta da yawa ilimi takardunku.
Lary Mehanna
Daraja
Ansar
Sun Ultra jerin
Matsayin shigarwa
Lura: Kasuwancin 220R shine Ultra 60 motherboard a cikin chassis uwar garken rack-mountable tare da samar da wutar lantarki mai zafi. Hakazalika, Kasuwancin 420R shine Ultra 80 motherboard a cikin chassis uwar garken.
Lary Mehanna
Daraja
Kowane mutum
Sun Ultra jerin
Ayyuka na Ultra (2005 – 2010)
A cikin tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsakin lokaci, wuraren aikin Sun sun kasance suna Sun Blade da Sun Java Workstation.
Umberto Eco
Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Eco ranar 5 ga Janairu, 1932 a Alessandria. Iyalinsa suna da 'ya'ya maza 13. Ya karanci ilimin falsafa da kuma ilimin halayyar dan Adam a Jami'ar Turin. Ya sami digiri na uku. can
Sun Ultra jerin
UltraSPARC
Tashar wayar hannu ta A60 Ultra 3 ta sake sabunta kwamfyutocin Tadpole SPARCle (550 da 650 MHz) da Viper (1.2 GHz). A61 Ultra 3 ya bambanta a zahiri kuma ya dogara ne akan Naturetech 888P (550/650 MHz) da Mesostation 999 (1.28 GHz). Layukan biyu tsarin ba su da alaƙa in ba haka ba.
Umberto Eco
Tarihin rayuwa
Eco yayi aiki a matsayin farfesa a wurare daban-daban. Farawa daga 1971, ya riƙe kujera na ilimin kimiya a Jami'ar Bologna. A jami'a, "kujera" ita ce matsayi mafi girma da farfesa zai samu. Sannan kuma jami’o’i daban-daban guda talatin sun ba shi digirin girmamawa.
Hussein Alaa Hussein
Hussein Alaa Hussein (Larabci: حسين علاء حسين, an haife shi ne a ranar 4 ga watan Agusta, shekarar 1987 a garin Baghdad, dake kasar Iraq) dan wasan kwallon kafa ne na Iraki. Ya yi wasa tare da kulake a Asiya da Afirka. Hussein yawanci yana wasa a matsayin mai karewa.
Brad Evans (dan wasan kurket ne)
Brad Evans (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga watan Maris 1997), ɗan wasan kurket ne ɗan ƙasar Zimbabwe. Ya yi wasansa na farko ajin farko a ranar 1 ga watan Afrilun 2018 don Cardiff MCCU da Gloucestershire a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirye-shiryen Jami'ar Cricket Club na Marylebone. A cikin Disambar 2020, an zaɓi shi don buga wa Eagles wasa a gasar cin kofin Logan na 2020–2021. Ya yi wasan sa na farko na Twenty20 a ranar 10 ga watan Afrilu, 2021, don Eagles, a gasar 2020-2021 Zimbabwe Domestic Twenty20 Competition. Ya fara halartan sa na Jerin A a ranar 18 ga watan Afrilun 2021, don Eagles, a cikin Gasar Cin Kofin 2020–2021 Pro50. An kuma naɗa Evans a matsayin ɗan wasan jiran aiki a tawagar ƙasar Zimbabwe don jerin wasanninsu na Twenty20 International (T20I) da Pakistan.
Sana'a
A cikin watan Mayun 2022, an saka sunan Evans a cikin tawagar T20I ta Zimbabwe don jerin wasannin gida biyar da suka yi da Namibiya. Evans ya fara halartan T20I a ranar 21 ga watan Mayun 2022, don Zimbabwe da Namibiya. A cikin watan Agustan 2022, an ba shi suna a cikin tawagar ODI ta Zimbabwe, saboda jerin wasannin da suka yi da Bangladesh. Ya fara wasansa na ODI a ranar 7 ga watan Agustan 2022, don Zimbabwe da Bangladesh. Ya ɗauki aikinsa mafi kyawun 5 – 54 a cikin ODI na uku a kan ƙungiyar Indiya mai ƙarfi a cikin ƙungiyar wasanni ta Harare a cikin makonni 2 na farkonsa.
Hussein Alaa Hussein
Ayyuka
Hussein Alaa Hussein ya yi suna ne a matsayin fitaccen dan wasa a kungiyar U-17s ta Iraki karkashin jagorancin Nasrat Nassir kuma an zabe shi dan wasa mafi kyau a wasannin neman cancantar zuwa gasar Asiya a Qatar Doha a shekarar 2008. Wasannin nasa sun bashi tayin kwangila da kuma damar samun kasar UAE don bugawa kungiyar Al-Ain wasa. Mai tsaron baya ya zauna a Emirates bayan samun biza ta hanyar kocin Iraki Jamal Salih, sannan mai kula da bangaren matasa a Al-Sharjah, amma ya koma Iraki don ci gaba da aikinsa. Ya kama ido yana wasa wa kulob din wasa da wani kulob din Rasha da Al-Karama na Syria.
Hussein joined Qingdao Jonoon in July 2009 and became the first Iraqi footballer in Chinese football league. He scored first goal for Qingdao on August 22, 2009 with 2–1 win over Changsha Ginde. He transferred to Shenzhen Ruby on 28 February 2010.
A kan shekarar 2014, ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin watanni 6 tare da kulob din Super League na Malaysia na Kelantan FA.
Umberto Eco
Tarihin rayuwa
An yi masa suna a matsayin sanata na pataphysics saboda ayyukansa na ban dariya. Ɗaya daga cikin mahimman litattafan sa shine Yadda ake tafiya tare da Kifin Salmon.
Ya kasance memba na Majalisar UNESCO ta Sages. A cikin 2000, ya karɓi kyautar Gimbiya ta Asturias don Sadarwa da 'Yan Adam.
Eco yayi aiki a cikin kafofin watsa labarai kuma, yana ƙirƙirar shirye-shiryen al'adu. Abubuwan sha'awarsa sune Zamani na Tsakiya, yaruka, da kuma tsofaffi. Ya kuma kasance masani kan James Bond.
Fakhrul Anwar Ismail
Fakhrul Anwar Ismail (an haife shi 10 Nuwamba 1971) ɗan siyasan Malaysia ne, ɗan kasuwa, mai kula da makaranta, mai tsara shirye-shiryen kwamfuta, mai nazarin bayanai, mai kulawar tsarin bayanai wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar Zartarwa ta Jihar Perlis (EXCO) a cikin gwamnatin jihar Perikatan Nasional (PN) a ƙarƙashin Menteri Besar Mohd Shukri Ramli da kuma memba na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Pernis (MLA) don Bintong tun Nuwamba 2022. Shi memba ne na Jam'iyyar Musulunci ta Malaysia (PAS), wata jam'iyya ce ta hadin gwiwar PN. Shi ne Babban Sashen Bayanai na PAS na Kangar, memba na Kwamitin Jiha na PAS na Perlis kuma Sakataren Matasa na Jiha na Pas na Perlis.
Ayisha Osori
Ilimi
A shekarar 2013 ita a matsayin Eisenhower Fellow, an gayyace ta zuwa Amurka kuma ta shafe makonni bakwai tana haduwa da manyan kungiyoyi da kuma shugaban kungiyar Eisenhower Fellowship, Colin Powel.
Fakhrul Anwar Ismail
Rayuwa ta mutum
An haifi Fakhrul Anwar a Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia a ranar 10 ga Nuwamba 1971. Ya kuma auri Noraishah Mat Yusoh kuma yana da 'ya'ya shida tare da ita.
memba na Majalisar Zartarwa ta Jihar Perlis (tun 2022)
A cikin zaben jihar Perlis na 2022, Barisan Nasional mai mulki (BN) ya sha wahala daga babbar nasara da gogewa a cikin majalisa saboda babu wani daga cikin 'yan takarar da ya lashe kujerar jihar a cikin zaben bayan ya rasa dukkan kujeru 10 da ya rike a baya ga PN. Zaben ya kawo karshen mulkin shekaru 63 na BN a jihar, ya ga sauye-sauye na farko na iko a tarihin jihar kuma ya maye gurbin BN da PN a matsayin hadin gwiwar da ke mulki da kuma rinjaye na siyasa a jihar yayin da PN ta lashe 14 daga cikin kujeru 15 na jihohi sabili da haka kashi biyu bisa uku na majalisa. Saboda haka, Shugaban Jihar PN na Perlis, Kwamishinan Jihar PAS na Perlis da Sanglang MLA Mohd Shukri ya maye gurbin Azlan Man a matsayin sabon kuma na 10 na Menteri Besar na Perlis kuma ya kafa sabuwar gwamnatin jihar PN a ranar 22 ga Nuwamba 2022. A ranar 25 ga Nuwamba 2022, an nada Fakhrul Anwar a matsayin memba na EXCO na Jihar Perlis wanda ke kula da gidaje, karamar hukuma, kananan 'yan kasuwa da' yan kasuwa, cinikin cikin gida, hadin gwiwa, masu amfani, ci gaban 'yan kasuwa, kananan da matsakaici masana'antu ta hanyar Menteri Besar Mohd Shukri.
Ayisha Osori
Aiki
Ayisha ta yi aiki a kan wasu ayyuka da yawa a cikin Harkokin Jama'a da na masu zaman kansu ciki har da aiwatarwa & tsarin aiki, gudanarwa na kasuwanci da gudanarwa, sadarwa, gudanarwar ƙungiyoyin jama'a, gudanar da ayyukan da shawarwari na tushen batutuwa. Baya ga rike manyan mukamai na gudanarwa a cikin kamfanoni masu zaman kansu da kuma kula da Asusun Tallafin Mata na Najeriya - kungiyar da ba ta riba ba ta mai da hankali kan bunkasa inganci da adadi na mata a cikin yanke shawara, cikin shekaru uku, Ayisha ta nemi bankin Duniya, Shirin Raya Kasa, na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Sashen ci gaba na kasa da kasa, UNICEF da Cibiyar National Democratic Institute.
Fakhrul Anwar Ismail
Zaben jihar Perlis na 2018
A cikin zaben jihar Perlis na 2018, Fakhrul Anwar ya fara zabensa na farko bayan Gagasan Sejahtera (GS) ya zaba shi don yin takara don kujerar jihar Sena. Ba a zabe shi a matsayin Sena MLA ba bayan ya sha kashi a hannun Asrul Nizan Abdul Jalil na Pakatan Harapan (PH) da ƙarancin kuri'u 2,288.
Ayisha Osori
Aiki
A shekarar 2015 aka zaɓe ta zama ɗaya daga cikin mata 21 waɗanda suka hallara don wani taro a Makarantar Gwamnati ta Kennedy ta Gwamnati wanda Hunt Alternatives ke bayarwa. Kungiyar ta hada Fauzia Nasreen daga Pakistan, Judy Thongori daga Kenya da Olufunke Baruwa, Esther Ibanga da Hafsat Abiola suma daga Najeriya. Mai sharhi mai zurfin sharhi kan al'amuran jama'a tun daga shugabanni har zuwa kima da kare hakkin dan adam da manufofin jama'a, Ayisha ta dage kan sati na tsawon sati bakwai a cikin Jaridar ThisDay da Jagoranci kuma mai sharhi ne a kan labarai ta rediyo da talabijin. Tana zaune a kan kwamiti na kungiyoyi daban-daban a cikin gwamnati da kamfanoni.
Fakhrul Anwar Ismail
Zaben jihar Perlis na 2022
A cikin zaben jihar na 2022, PN ta zabi Fakhrul Anwar don yin takara don kujerar Bintong. Ya lashe kujerar kuma an zabe shi a cikin Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Perlis a matsayin Bintong MLA bayan ya kayar da Menteri Besar kuma ya kare MLA Azlan na BN, Azhari Ahmad na Pakatan Harapan (PH), Shazwan Suban na Jam'iyyar Homeland Fighters Party (PEJUANG), dan takara mai zaman kansa Hashim Suboh da Mohamad Khair Mohd Noor na Jam'idar Heritage (WARISAN) da mafi rinjaye na kuri'u 4,329.
Ayisha Osori
Aiki
A cikin 2018, Open Society tushe ta sanar da nadin Osori a matsayin Babban darektan kungiyar Open Society Initiative for West Africa (OSIWA) wanda ke sa ido kan ayyukan OSIWA a cikin kasashen Afirka 10; Benin, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Saliyo, da kuma Senegal
Fakhrul Anwar Ismail
Sauran ayyukan
Baya ga matsayinsa na siyasa, Fakhrul Anwar kuma Babban Mataimakin Gudanarwa ne na Madrasah Diniah Islamiah da kuma Shugaban Makarantar Firamare ta Al-Furqan. Dukkanin cibiyoyin suna cikin Arau, Perlis. Bugu da kari, shi ma Darakta ne na Kwamitin Ayyuka na Sena, Darakta na Sashin Taimako na Perlis, memba na Kwamitin Daraktoci na Ƙungiyar Taimako ta Malaysia Perlis, Manajan Cibiyar Ummah da Cibiyar Jagora, Shugaban ƙauyen Kampung Madi, memba na kwamitin Cibiyar Musulunci ta Kampung Madi.
Ayisha Osori
Soyayya bata cin zabe
A shekarar 2014 Ayisha ta tsaya takarar neman kujerar majalisar dokoki ta kasa a kan karagar shugabancin jam'iyyar da ke kan karagar mulkin Najeriya - Jam'iyyar Dimokradiyya amma ta sha kashi. Love Des Not Win zaben ne littafi game da irin abubuwan da ta samu game da zaben fidda gwani da siyasar Najeriya baki daya. A cikin littafin, ta bayyana gamsuwarta da ingancin wakilci - daga maza da mata a ofis kuma bayan shekaru masu ba da shawara kan aiki tare da neman karin mata zuwa mukamai na shugabanci, tana matukar sha'awar abin da zai iya shiga takara da cin nasara. Littafin ya kuma ba da haske game da rawar da kudi ke takawa a zabukan Najeriya.
Too good to die
A cikin 2018, Ayisha Osori ta haɗu da wani littafi mai taken Too Good to Die: Term Term Da tharubuce Na Myan Rashin Mutunci A Afirka, tare da tsohon shugaban hukumar kare hakkin ɗan adam Chidi Odinkalu. Littafin ya yi tsokaci game da ikirarin da tsohon shugaban Najeriya Olusegun Obasanjo ya yi cewa bai nemi wa’adi na uku a mulki ba.
Saheed Balogun
Saheed Balogun (wani lokaci ana yi masa lakabi da "Saidi" ) (an haife shi a ranar 5 ga Fabrairu, 1967) an san shi da kasancewa gogaggen ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya, mai shirya fina-finai, darakta kuma furodusan fina-finai.
Kuruciya da aiki
An haifi Saheed Balogun ne a ranar 5 ga Fabrairu, 1967, a Jihar Enugu, a Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya, amma ya fito daga Jihar Oyo, a Najeriya inda ya yi karatunsa na firamare da kuma Sakandare. Ya kammala karatu a Polytechnic dake Jihar Kwara. Ya fara aikin wasan kwaikwayo ne a shekarar 1978, inda ya gabatar da shirinsa na farko a gidan talabijin mai suna "Youth Today" a tashar NTA. Ya fito da fim dinsa na farko mai suna City Girl a shekarar 1989 amma kuma ya yi fice, ya shirya da kuma ba da umarni a fina-finan Najeriya da dama kafin lokacin.
Rayuwa ta sirri
Saheed Balogun ya fara auri wata jarumar fim Nollywood, Fathia Balogun amma sai aka yi rashin sa’a suka rabu suka rabu. Yana da ‘ya’ya biyu kacal Khalid da Aliyah Balogun.
Zain Asher
Hey Zain Ejiofor Asher (an haife shi 27 ga Agusta 1983) ɗan jarida ɗan Najeriya ne na Burtaniya a CNN International, wanda ke birnin New York. A halin yanzu ita ce ke ba da sanarwar farkon lokacin cibiyar sadarwa, nunin labaran duniya Daya Duniya tare da Zain Asher da ake watsawa a ranakun mako da karfe 12 na dare ET. HarperCollins ne ya buga tarihinta inda Yara suka ɗauke mu a cikin Afrilu 2022.
Ƙabila
Ƙabila rukuni ne na mutanen da suke zaune tare kuma suke aiki tare a yankin da aka raba su. Wata ƙabila tana da al'adu iri ɗaya, yare da addini. Hakanan suna da mahimmancin haɗin kai. A ƙabilu yawanci shugaba ne ke da ikon shugabanta. Ƙungiyar ƙabilanci rukuni ne na ƙabilu da aka tsara game da dangin dangi. Kabilu suna wakiltar wani ɓangare a cikin haɓakar zamantakewar al'umma tsakanin ƙungiyoyi da ƙasashe.
Zain Asher
Farkon Rayuwa da Ilimi
An haifi Asher ga iyayen Najeriya a Landan kuma ya girma a West Norwood, Kudancin London. Mahaifiyarta Obiajulu ma'aikaciyar harhada magunguna ce da ke aiki a Brixton kuma mahaifinta Arinze likita ne. A shekarar 1988, mahaifinta ya mutu a wani mummunan hatsarin mota a lokacin da take tafiya a kan titi a Najeriya tana da shekara biyar. Babban yayanta, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Chiwetel Ejiofor,  yana cikin motar kuma shi kaɗai ne wanda ya tsira. Ita ‘ yar kabilar Igbo ce; danginta ’yan asalin jihar Enugu ne, Najeriya.
Asher ya halarci Jami'ar Oxford kuma ya kammala karatunsa a 2005 tare da digiri a Faransanci da Mutanen Espanya. A shekara mai zuwa, ta halarci Makarantar Aikin Jarida ta Graduate a Jami'ar Columbia, a Birnin New York. A cikin 2021, an nada ta ɗan'uwa mai daraja na Kwalejin Keble, Jami'ar Oxford.
Farkon aiki
Bayan kammala karatun, Asher da farko ta yi aiki a matsayin mai karbar baki a wani kamfani kafin daga bisani ta zama mai ba da rahoto mai zaman kanta a News 12 Brooklyn inda ta ba da labarin labarai na gida. Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da rahoto ga <i id="mwPQ">Kudi,</i> inda ta rubuta labaran kudi na sirri game da sana'a da zuba jari kafin ta koma CNN.
Sarakunan Gargajiya na Najeriya
Sarakunan gargajiya na Najeriya galibi suna samo asalin muƙamansj ne tun daga masarautu masu zaman kansu ko kuma al'ummomi da suka wanzu kafin samar da Najeriya ta yau. Duk da cewa waɗannan sarakuna basu da cikakke iko a yanzu, amma duk da haka mutanensu na girmama su kuma suna da tasiri sosai acikin al'umma.
Zain Asher
CNN
A cikin 2012, Asher ta sadu da wani jami'in CNN wanda ya gayyace ta zuwa hedkwatar kamfanin a New York don gwajin allo. An fara hayar ta a matsayin yar jarida kafin ta zama anka a CNN International da ke Atlanta. A cikin 2014, ta ba da rahoto daga Abuja, Najeriya game da daruruwan ' yan matan makarantar Chibok da Boko Haram ta sace. Har ila yau, ta tattara rahotannin da ke tafe a watan Agustan 2020 a Beirut, da kawo karshen zanga-zangar SARS a Najeriya, da mutuwar Fidel Castro, Muhammad Ali da George Michael. A halin yanzu tana ɗaukar Duniya ɗaya tare da Zain Asher, tana watsa shirye-shiryen ranakun mako akan CNNI a 12pm ET. Yanzu tana zaune a New York.
Ƙabila
Mutane sun rayu cikin kabilu kafin su fara rayuwa a cikin birane da al'ummomi. Har yanzu akwai kungiyoyin kabilu a duk duniya. Lambobinsu suna ta kara kankanta. Dayawa suna rayuwa kamar mafarautan-tara s.
Sarakunan Gargajiya na Najeriya
Kafin zuwan Turawa
Najeriya ta yau ta ƙunshi ƙasashe waɗanda kabilu da al'adu daban-daban na gargajiya suka mamaye tare da harsunan su da kuma al'adunsu. A taƙaice dai, Inyamurai ne suka mamaye yankunan kudu maso gabashin ƙasar, yankin Neja Delta kuwa ta Ƙabilar Edo ce da sauran masu alaƙa da Igbonci, kudu maso yamma kuwa ta Yarabawa ce da mutanen da ke da alaka sannan yankunan arewa mallakin Hausa da Fulani ne, tare da ƙungiyoyin kabilu daban-daban a cakuɗe a Tsakiyar ƙasar a tsakanin arewa da kudancin ƙasar. Gaba ɗaya akwai ƙabilu fiye da guda 200 a Najeriya.
Zain Asher
Littafi
HarperCollins ne ya fitar da tarihinta inda yaran suka ɗauke mu a ranar 26 ga Afrilu 2022. Littafin ya sami wahayi ne daga jawabinta na Tedx na 2015 "Aminta da gwagwarmayar ku", wanda aka kalli sau miliyan 2.2 akan YouTube kamar na 2022.
Sarakunan Gargajiya na Najeriya
Kafin zuwan Turawa
Kafin zuwan Turawan Ingila a ƙarshen karni na 19, tarihin yankin ya kasance mai cike da rudani, tare da lokutan da masarautu irin su Oyo, Benin, Kanem-Bornu da kuma Sokoto suka sami iko akan manyan yankuna, da sauran lokutan da jihohin suka kasance mafi rarrabuwa. Duk da cewa tsarin mulki ya sha bamban a tsakanin ƙabilu daban -daban, ya zama abu na gama gari ga kowane gari ko tarin garuruwa da su tsayar da shugaba guda ɗaya don ya jagorance su, wanda shima ta iya yiwuwa yana mulki ne a ƙarƙashin wani babban sarki. Don haka aka raba khalifancin Sakkwato zuwa masarautu, inda sarakuna ke zama masu biyayya ga Sarkin Musulmi, duk da cewa a wasu lokutan suna yin sarauta da ikonsu.
Zamanin mulkin mallaka
Turawa sun dade suna kasuwanci da jihohin da ke gabar teku, musamman suna musayar auduga da sauran kayayyakin da aka sarrafa don bayi da kayayyakin dabino a cibiyoyi irin su Calabar, Bonny da Lagos. An kafa Tsaron Tekun Neja a cikin 1891 yana riƙe da ƙaramin yanki a bakin tekun. A tsakanin shekarun 1879–1900 Kamfanin Royal Niger Company ya yi wani yunƙuri na ƙwace ikon cikin gida, ta amfani da horo na sojoji masu ɗauke da bindigar Maxim, da yin yarjejeniyoyin “kariya” tare da sarakunan yankin. An sayar da yankin kamfanin ga gwamnatin Burtaniya a shekarar 1900, inda yankin kudancin ya hade da yankin Niger Coast Protectorate don zama Kudancin Najeriya Mai Tsaro da Tsaron Arewacin Najeriya da ya rage. A shekara ta 1914 an hade biyun zuwa cikin Turawan Mulkin Mallaka da Najeriya, tare da iyakokinsu daidai da na Najeriya ta zamani.
Babban Kwamishinan Burtaniya na Arewacin Najeriya, Lord Frederick Lugard, ya yi ƙoƙarin yin sarauta ta hannun sarakunan gargajiya, kuma daga baya aka fadada wannan hanyar zuwa kudu. Wanda ya maye gurbin Lugard Hugh Clifford ya bar wannan tsarin a arewa, inda tsarin masarautar yake da al'adun gargajiya, amma ya gabatar da majalisar dokoki tare da wasu zababbun membobi a kudanci, yana mai da sarakunan gargajiya zuwa manyan ayyuka na alama. Bayan lokaci, dangantaka tsakanin gwamnatin mulkin mallaka da sarakunan gargajiya ta bunƙasa. Misali, 'yan kabilar Tiv, a lokacin ƙabila ta huɗu mafi girma a ƙasar, koyaushe sun kasance masu rarrabuwar kawuna saboda haka ba su da babban mai mulki. .
Najeriya mai zaman kanta
Tare da samun 'yancin kai a shekara ta alif 1960, sai kuma sauye -sauyen gwamnatocin dimokuradiyya da na soji, matsayin sarakunan gargajiya ya ci gaba. A arewa, daga baya sarakunan sun rasa madafun iko ga gwamnatin gwamnati, duk da cewa ana yawan gudanar da ayyukan ta manyan mutane. Inda a baya masu mulki suka sami mukami sosai ta hanyar gado ko ta hanyar nadin majalisar dattawa, yanzu gwamnati na ƙara shiga cikin maye. Don haka, a watan Mayun 1994, mulkin soja Janar Sani Abacha ya sauke Awwal Ibrahim, Sarkin Suleja, duk da cewa daga baya aka dawo da shi aiki a watan Janairun 2000.
A wasu lokuta, gwamnati ta haɗu ko ta raba yankunan gargajiya. Misali, akwai sarakuna biyu na mutanen Efik a yankin da ke kusa da Calabar, amma a watan Disambar shekara ta alif 1970 an amince a haɗa ofishin zuwa guda ɗaya wanda wani mai sarauta da ake kira Obong zai riƙe. Lokacin da aka kirkiri jihar Yobe masarautu guda hudu ne kacal, amma a watan Janairun shekara ta 2000 gwamnan jihar Bukar Abba Ibrahim ya sake fasalin jihar zuwa 13. Gwamnati ta ci gaba da rabe -raben mulkin mallaka. Kamar wancan lokacin Jihar Kwara gwamnan Bukola Saraki nada uku sabon wadanada a watan Agustan shekara ta 2010, sabon Sarkin Kaiama aka kaddamarda wani farko aji basaraken yayin da Onigosun na Igosun da Alaran na Aran-Orin aka kaddamarda uku aji wadanada.
Sarakunan gargajiya a yau har yanzu ana girmama su sosai a cikin al'ummomi da yawa, kuma suna da tasirin siyasa da tattalin arziƙi.
Kodayake ba su da wani matsayi a cikin tsarin dimokiraɗiyya, akwai gasa mai ƙarfi don kujerun sarauta a tsakanin madaidaitan sarakunan da suka cancanta. Sarakuna kuma za su iya ba da laƙabin gargajiya ko na girmamawa a cikin tsarin sarautun Najeriya. Wadannan lakabi zo da ex officio matsayi a cikin "gwamnatocin", kuma ma yan kasuwa da 'yan siyasa sau da yawa sun sanya girma darajar a nemowa irin wannan lakabi.
Masu mulki suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen yin sulhu tsakanin mutane da jihar, haɓaka asalin ƙasa, warware ƙananan rikice-rikice da samar da isasshen tsaro na ma'aikata don galibi rashin isassun ofisoshin gwamnati. Dalili ɗaya na tasirin su na iya kasancewa mutanen ƙabilu da yawa ba su da iyawar sadarwa a cikin harshen Ingilishi na hukuma, don haka basaraken gargajiya ya zama mai fassara da mai magana da yawun. Ya zuwa watan Yuni na shekara ta alif 2010, jihar Akwa Ibom tana da sarakunan gargajiya guda 116 tare da takaddun shaida daga jihar. Sun karɓi sabbin motoci akan nadin nasu, da sauran fa'idodi. Shugaban Akwa Ibom majalisa na mashãwarta ce cewa a cikin sama, da gargajiya ubanninsu sun kasance alhakin hana sace-sacen mutane a cikin yankuna.
Laƙabi
Kasancewar akwai yaruka guda 521 daban -daban na asalin Najeriya, akwai laƙabi da yawa na sarakunan gargajiya.
A arewacin Musulmi jihohi, Emir ne fiye da amfani a cikin harshen Turanci, amma sunayen a cikin gida harsuna hada da Sarki, Shehu, Mai, Etsu da Lamido.
A yankin tsakiyar Najeriya, ana rike mukamai daban -daban. Misali shine Aku Uka na masarautar Kwararafa, sarkin gargajiya na Jukun, wanda kujerar sa ke Wukari, jihar Taraba. Ana amfani da Agwam a tsakanin mutanen Atyap, Kpop tsakanin Ham ; Agwom tsakanin Adara, Afizere, Bakulu da Gbong Gwom ta Berom a kudancin jihar Kaduna da jihar Filato. Tiv da Oche na Idoma na jihar Benue suna amfani da Tor. Long da kuma Ngolong ana amfani da Goemai da Ngas, bi da bi, da kuma Ponzhi aka yi amfani da Tarok, duk a Jihar Filato.
Ohinoyi da Ohimegye aka yi amfani da Ebira a Kogi da kuma Nasarawa Amirka. Koro Wachi ne ke amfani da ere; Aren Shin ta Eggon, Etum da Tum ana amfani da su ta Numana, Ninzam, Nikyob-Nindem; Chun da Chu ta Mada da Kuma yaren Buh Wamba da na duk kudancin Kaduna da jihohin Nasarawa da Oriye Rindre inji mawallafi Tarihi Danladi Makpa Jibrin.Attah ko Onu ana amfani da Igala na jihar Kogi kuma Nupe na Kogi, Niger, Kwara da Abuja da Dibo, Kakanda, BassaNge da Gbagyi ke amfani da Etsu a tsakiyar bel na ƙasar.
Oba shine babban masarautar Benin a jihar Edo. Enogie (jam'in enigie) da Okao (jam'i ikao) an danganta su ga sarakunansa da mataimakansa a masarautar Benin, yayin da Odionwere ya danganta ga gwamnoninsa ko manyan dattawa. A aikace, ba a shigar da enigie a cikin al'ummomi tare da ikao, saboda duka sarakunan gargajiya ne da wakilan Oba, waɗanda ake tuhuma da gudanar da ayyukan al'ummomin su.
Daga cikin Urhobos da Isokos na jihar Delta, babban taken da ake amfani da shi shine Ovie. Wasu dangi suna amfani da laƙabi masu alaƙa duk da haka, kamar Orodje, Orosuen, Ohworode, Odion-Ologbo, da Odio r'Ode.
Hakanan mutanen Efik, Ibibio da Annang na Jihohin Cross River da Akwa Ibom suna amfani da Obong.
Haka kuma Yarbawa suna amfani da Oba wajen ambaton sarakunansu daban -daban, duk da cewa wasu laƙabi irin su Ooni, Alake, Alaafin, Awujale, Olomu, Akarigbo, Orangun, Olu'wo, Eleko, Olumushin da Eburu su ma ana amfani da su, musamman ga mutane da/ko wurin sarauta.
House (TV series)
House (wanda kuma ake kira House, MD) jerin wasan kwaikwayo ne na likitancin Amurka wanda ya fara gudana akan hanyar sadarwa ta Fox har tsawon yanayi takwas, daga Nuwamba 16, 2004, zuwa Mayu 21, 2012. Babban jigon jerin shine Dr. Gregory House (Hugh) Laurie), ƙwararren likita wanda ba na al'ada ba, wanda, duk da dogaron da yake da shi akan maganin ciwo, yana jagorantar ƙungiyar masu bincike a asibitin koyarwa na Princeton-Plainsboro (PPTH) a New Jersey. Jigon shirin ya samo asali ne da Paul Attanasio, yayin da David Shore, wanda aka yi la'akari da shi a matsayin mahalicci, shine babban alhakin tunanin halin take.
Casco (town), Wisconsin
Casco birni ne, da ke cikin gundumar Kewaunee, Wisconsin, a ƙasar Amurka. Yawan jama'a ya kai 1,165 a ƙidayar 2010. Ƙauyen Casco, wani yanki na daban, yana cikin yankin arewa maso yammacin garin, kuma yankunan da ba a haɗa su ba na Clyde, Ryans Corner, Slovan, da Rio Creek suna cikin garin.
Sinima na Ghana
Sinima a Ghana ta fara ne lokacin da aka fara gabatar da fim na farko zuwa masarautar Burtaniya ta Kogin Zinare (yanzu Ghana) a 1923. A lokacin mutane masu wadata ne kawai ke iya ganin fina-finai, musamman ma jagoran mulkin mallaka na Kogin Zinare. A cikin shekarun 1950, shirya fim a Ghana ya fara ƙaruwa. Gidajen sinima sune filin firamare don kallon fina-finai har bidiyo na gida ya zama sananne.
Casco (town), Wisconsin
Geography
Dangane da Ofishin Kididdiga ta Amurka, garin yana da jimillar yanki na 92.2 sqkm, duk ta kasa.
Alkaluma
Dangane da ƙidayar na 2000, akwai mutane 1,153, gidaje 385, da iyalai 329 da ke zaune a garin. Yawan yawan jama'a ya kasance mutane 32.3 a kowace murabba'in mil (12.5/km 2 ). Akwai rukunin gidaje 404 a matsakaicin yawa na 11.3 a kowace murabba'in mil (4.4/km 2 ). Tsarin launin fata na garin ya kasance 98.27% Fari, 0.26% Ba'amurke, 0.09% Asiya, da 1.39% daga jinsi biyu ko fiye. 1.04% na yawan jama'ar Hispanic ne ko Latino na kowace kabila.
Sinima na Ghana
Sinima a lokacin mulkin mallaka
A cikin shekarar 1948, lokacin da masanan mulkin mallaka suka gano cewa fim, banda ƙimar nishaɗin sa, ana iya amfani dashi don wankin kwakwalwa da canza al'umma ta hanyar mai yin fim, ya yanke shawarar kafa Kungiyar Fim ta Kogin Zinare a Sashin Bayanai na Gwamnatin mulkin mallaka. Fim ya zama wani tsarin, wanda ake ganin ya dace da ilimin kimiyya, don yin tasiri ga al'umma. Sashin Fina-finai na Kogin Zinare ya yi amfani da motocin bas-bas-kore mai launin rawaya don nuna finafinai na gaskiya, labarai da fina-finan bayanin gwamnati ga jama'a. Ba a kyauta ba. (Sakyi 1996: 9). Fina-Finan sun hada da fina-finan farfaganda game da Yaƙin Duniya na II, waɗanda Kungiyar Fina-Finan Turawa (CFU) ta shirya a Landan. (gwama Diawara 1992: 3).
Casco (town), Wisconsin
Alkaluma
Akwai gidaje 385, daga cikinsu kashi 37.9% na da ‘ya’ya ‘yan kasa da shekara 18 suna zaune tare da su, kashi 73.5% ma’aurata ne da ke zaune tare, kashi 6.8% na da mace mai gida babu miji, kashi 14.5% kuma ba iyali ba ne. Kashi 12.5% na dukkan gidaje sun kasance na mutane ne, kuma 5.2% suna da wanda ke zaune shi kaɗai wanda ya kai shekaru 65 ko sama da haka. Matsakaicin girman gida shine 2.98 kuma matsakaicin girman dangi shine 3.19.
Sinima na Ghana
Sinima a lokacin mulkin mallaka
Bayan yakin, rukunin ya samar da fina-finai na ilimantarwa tare da nuna fina-finai ga kasashen Afirka da suka yi mulkin mallaka. An shirya fina-finan ne don su bambanta rayuwar mutanen yamma da "wayewa" da kuma tsarin rayuwar Afirka "ta baya". Sun ba da shawarar a daina al'adun "camfi". (Diawara 1992: 3; Ukadike 1994: 44ff).
Casco (town), Wisconsin
Alkaluma
A cikin garin, yawan jama'a ya bazu, tare da 28.4% 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 18, 8.8% daga 18 zuwa 24, 27.3% daga 25 zuwa 44, 23.9% daga 45 zuwa 64, da 11.4% waɗanda shekarunsu suka kai 65 ko kuma mazan. Tsakanin shekarun ya kasance shekaru 36. Ga kowane mata 100, akwai maza 104.4. Ga kowane mata 100 masu shekaru 18 zuwa sama, akwai maza 105.2.
Sinima na Ghana
Sinima a lokacin mulkin mallaka
Bangaren Fina-finai na Kogin Zinare, ya kuma samar da fina-finai tare da sha'awar cikin gida don ƙarfafa ci gaban kiwon lafiya, amfanin gona, rayuwa, kasuwanci da kuma haɗin kan ɗan adam. (Middleton–Mends 1995: 1; Diawara 1992: 5). A 1948, Sashin Fina-finai na Kogin Zinare ya fara horar da masu shirya finafinai na Afirka na gida. An yi musayar fina-finai tare da sauran ƙasashen da Ingila ta yi wa mulkin mallaka a Afirka. (Middleton-Mends ibid.)
Casco (town), Wisconsin
Alkaluma
Matsakaicin kuɗin shiga na gida a cikin garin shine $46,250, kuma matsakaicin kuɗin shiga na dangi shine $48,036. Maza suna da matsakaicin kudin shiga na $35,323 sabanin $23,977 na mata. Kudin shiga kowane mutum na garin shine $17,605. Kusan 4.4% na iyalai da 4.1% na yawan jama'a sun kasance ƙasa da layin talauci, gami da 2.4% na waɗanda ke ƙasa da shekaru 18 da 11.6% na waɗanda shekaru 65 ko sama da haka.
Sinima na Ghana
Gollywood: Fina-Finan Ghana na zamani
Sabuwar masana'antar sinima a Ghana, wacce aka fi sani da Gollywood, ta fara ne a farkon shekarun 1980. Kafin Gollywood, gwamnatin Ghana, wacce ta gaji harkar fim daga hannun turawan mulkin mallaka, ita kadai ce mai shirya fina-finai a kasar. Shugaban Ghana na farko, Dokta Kwame Nkrumah, a shekarar 1964 ya kafa Kamfanin Masana’antar Fina-Finan ta Ghana (GFIC) a Kanda, a Accra, wanda zai zama babban birnin kasar a shekarar 1977. GFIC yanzu tana da TV3, gidan TV na Malaysia mai zaman kansa. Dokta Kwame Nkrumah, Shugaban Jamhuriya ta farko na Ghana, ya aika da yawancin mutanen Gana zuwa kasashen waje don koyon shirya fim da gangan domin gudanar da GFIC. Kasar Ghana ta horar da masu sana'ar fim wadanda gwamnati ta dauke su aiki don shirya fina-finai don cigaban tattalin arzikin kasar. Jarumai irin su Rev. Chris Essie, Mr. Ernest Abbeyquaye, Mr. Kwaw Ansah da sauran su duk gwamnati ta basu horo, karkashin jagorancin shugaba Nkrumah. GFIC an kafa ta ne don amfani da 'yan asalin ƙasar Ghana da aka yi fina-finai don kawar da mummunan tasirin fina-finan da gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta yi da kuma dawo da alfaharin zama ɗan Ghana da Afirka a cikin' yan ƙasa. Kamfanin Masana'antar Fina-finai ta Ghana na yin fina-finai don amfanin manufar gina dogaro da kai a cikin jama'ar Afirka. Sama da fasali da finafinai 150 ne GFIC ta shirya a ƙarshen 1960s. Bayan kifar da gwamnatin Nkrumah a 1966, masana'antar fim a Ghana ta yi hanci hanci.
Casco (town), Wisconsin
Nassoshi
44.54778°N, -87.58444°W<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"> 44.54778°N, -87.58444°W
Sinima na Ghana
Gollywood: Fina-Finan Ghana na zamani
A shekarar 1981, fim na farko mai zaman kansa, Love Brewed in the African Pot, wanda Kwaw Ansah, daya daga cikin fitattun masu shirya finafinai a Ghana ya shirya. An dauki fim din a kan fim ɗin celluloid. Bayan haka, Sarki Ampaw, wani ɗan fim ɗin Gana da aka horar da Jamusanci shi ma ya bi sahu tare da fitar da fim ɗinsa Kukurantumi - The Road to Accra a 1982. Zuwa tsakiyar shekarun 1980, sabbin tsara a Ghana, karkashin jagorancin William Akuffo, sun yanke shawarar daidaita sabuwar fasahar bidiyo da aka gabatar wa duniya a shekarar 1978, don samar da fina-finai. An yi amfani da kyamarorin Bidiyo na Gida (VHS) don daukar finafinai masu fasali daga 1986 a Ghana. Manufar ita ce a gaya wa ɗan Ghana da Afirka labarin ɗan Afirka. Ghana ce kasa ta farko a duniya da ta fara amfani da kyamarar VHS don daukar finafinai masu dauke da fasali. A ƙarshen 1980s, Ghana na iya yin alfahari da yawancin fina-finai da aka shirya a Ghana akan kaset ɗin kaset na VHS.
Amor Chadli
Amor Chadli (14 ga Mayun shekarar 1925 - 8 Nuwamban shekarata 2019) ya kasance likita ne dan ƙasar Tunusiya kuma ɗan siyasa daga Tunis wanda ya yi Ministan Ilimi daga 1986 zuwa 1987. an San shi a bangaren likitanci.
Sinima na Ghana
Gollywood: Fina-Finan Ghana na zamani
Tun a ƙarshen 1980s, yin fina-finai kai tsaye zuwa bidiyo ya ƙaru a Ghana. Kudaden da suka shafi fim din sun kasance da wahalar samu ga mallakar kamfanin Masana'antar Fina-Finai ta Ghana (GFIC) da kuma masu shirya finafinai masu zaman kansu. Saboda haka, mutane a Ghana sun fara yin nasu fim ta amfani da kyamarar bidiyo ta VHS. 'Yan fim masu zaman kansu sun kirkiro nasu labaran na Ghana da rubutun finafinai, sun haɗu da' yan wasa, da ƙwararru da kuma 'yan wasa kuma sun yi fina-finai masu nasara musamman a Accra. Kudin shiga daga wadannan finafinan bidiyo na VHS sun taimaka don tallafawa masana'antar fim. A cikin shekarar 1980s, lokacin da masu yin fina-finai suka fara yin fina-finai na bidiyo, GFIC ya tashi da haushi ƙwarai da shi. Hukumomin GFIC ba su ga makomar fasahar bidiyo ba ta zama wani ɓangare na tsarin fim na duniya don haka kusan sun tashi tsaye da shi kuma sun sanya shi wahala ga masu kera keɓaɓɓu a Ghana a lokacin. GFIC ta hana daraktocin fim ɗin su taimaka wa furodusa mai zaman kansa wajen yin fim ɗin bidiyo. Sakamakon wannan shawarar ta GFIC ya sa ƙasar ta rasa ƙwarewa a cikin fasahar fim a Ghana. An tilasta wa furodusoshin fara jagorantar finafinan bidiyo. Wannan al'adar samarwa da kuma tsari kai tsaye ba tare da wani kwararren horo kan shirya fim ba zai zama abin sarrafawa cikin shekaru talatin masu zuwa.
Amor Chadli
Aiki
Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin darekta na Cibiyar Pasteur ta Tunis tsakanin 1963 da 1988. Chadli shi ne shugaban makarantar Makarantar Magunguna ta Tunis 1964 daga 1971, kuma ya koma aikin deanship daga 1974 zuwa 1976.