cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Malagasy franc
Bayanan banki
Daga 1961, an ba da takardun banki a cikin duka francs da ariary. Bayan da Faransa ta sauya sheka zuwa kudin Euro, Madagaskar ta yanke shawarar cewa lokaci ya yi da za ta kawar da faransa ita ma. Duk da yake har yanzu ana ba da sunan su a cikin ariary da francs, akan bayanin kula da aka bayar tun daga 31 ga Yuli 2003, an jaddada tsohon tare da manyan fonts da matsayi na musamman. Tun daga shekara ta 2007, sabon bayanin kula ba ya ƙunshi nassoshi game da franc a matsayin kuɗi kuma a maimakon haka ana ƙididdige su ne kawai a cikin ariary, wanda ya maye gurbin franc a matsayin kudin hukuma na Madagascar a ranar 1 ga Janairu 2005, akan ƙimar francs 5 akan kowane ariary.
Mary Robinson
Mary Therese Winifred Robinson ('Yar Ailan: Máire Mhic Róibín; née Bourke; an haife ta a 21 ga Mayu 1944)' yar siyasa ce mai zaman kanta ta ƙasar Ireland wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugaba na bakwai na Ireland daga Disamba 1990 zuwa Satumba 1997, ta zama mace ta farko da ta riƙe wannan ofishin. Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin Babban Kwamishina na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 'Yancin Dan Adam daga 1997 zuwa 2002 da kuma Sanata na Jami'ar Dublin daga 1969 zuwa 1989. Da farko ta fara shahara ne a matsayinta na malami, lauya kuma mai yakin neman zabe. Ta kayar da Brian Lenihan na jam’iyyar Fianna Fáil da Austin Currie ta Fine Gael a zaben shugaban kasa na 1990, ta zama ‘yar takarar mai zaman kanta ta farko da Labour Party, the Workers’ Party da Senators masu zaman kansu suka tsayar. Ita ce farkon zaɓaɓɓiyar shugabar ƙasa a tarihin ofishi ba tare da samun goyon baya daga Fianna Fáil ba.
Ana kallon ta a matsayin mai canza fasali ga Ireland, da kuma shugabancin Irish, sake rayarwa da sakewa da ofis ɗin da ke da ra'ayin mazan jiya. Ta sauka daga mukamin ta na shugaban kasa watanni biyu gabanin cikar wa'adinta na rike mukaminta a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. A zamaninta na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta ziyarci Tibet (1998), Babban Kwamishina na farko da ya yi haka; ta soki manufofin bakin haure na Ireland; ya kuma soki yadda ake amfani da hukuncin kisa a Amurka. Ta tsawaita wa'adinta na wa'adin shekaru hudu a matsayin Babban Kwamishina da shekara guda don jagorantar taron duniya kan yaki da wariyar launin fata a 2001 a Durban, Afirka ta Kudu; taron ya tabbatar da cece-kuce. Karkashin matsin lamba daga Amurka, Robinson ya yi murabus daga mukaminta a watan Satumbar 2002. Bayan barinsa Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a 2002, Robinson ya kirkiro Realizing Rights: Ethical Globalization Initiative, wacce ta zo karshen shirinta a karshen 2010. Babban ayyukanta sune 1) inganta kasuwanci na adalci da aiki mai kyau, 2) inganta yancin lafiya da karin manufofin ƙaura na ɗan adam, da 3) aiki don ƙarfafa jagorancin mata da ƙarfafa haɗin kan kamfanoni. Babban ayyukanta sune 1) inganta kasuwanci na adalci da aiki mai kyau, 2) inganta yancin lafiya da karin manufofin ƙaura na ɗan adam, da 3) aiki don ƙarfafa jagorancin mata da ƙarfafa haɗin kan kamfanoni. Kungiyar ta kuma tallafawa bunkasa iya aiki da kyakkyawan shugabanci a kasashe masu tasowa. Ta dawo zama a Ireland a ƙarshen 2010, kuma ta kafa Gidauniyar Mary Robinson - Canjin Adalci, wanda ke da nufin zama 'cibiyar tunani mai kyau, Ilimi da bayar da shawarwari kan gwagwarmayar tabbatar da adalci a duniya ga wadanda da yawa wadanda ke fama da matsalar sauyin yanayi wadanda yawanci ana manta su - talakawa, marasa karfi da kuma wadanda aka ware a fadin duniya.
Robinson ita ce Shugabar Cibiyar Nazarin 'Yancin Dan Adam da Kasuwanci kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Jami'ar Jami'ar Dublin daga 1998 har zuwa 2019. Ta kuma ziyarci wasu kwalejoji da jami’o’i inda take gabatar da laccoci kan hakkin dan Adam. Tana zaune a hukumar Mo Ibrahim Foundation, kungiyar da ke tallafawa shugabanci na gari da jagoranci mai karfi a Afirka, kuma mamba ce a Kwamitin Kyautar Ibrahim na Gidauniyar. Ita ma jagorar Teamungiyar B ce, tare da Richard Branson, Jochen Zeitz da ƙungiyar shugabanni daga 'yan kasuwa da ƙungiyoyin farar hula a matsayin ɓangare na Bungiyar B. Ita Furofesa ce ta Musamman a Cibiyar Kare Hakkin Dan-Adam da Cibiyar Yin Jima'i, AIDS da Jinsi a Jami'ar Pretoria. Robinson ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar girmamawa ta Oxfam daga 2002 har zuwa lokacin da ta sauka a 2012 kuma ita ce shugabar girmamawa ta Cibiyar Tarayyar Turai ta 'Yancin Dan Adam da Demokradiyya ta EIUC tun 2005. Ita ce Shugabar Cibiyar Nazarin Muhalli da Ci Gaban Kasa da Kasa (IIED) sannan kuma ita ce memba ta kafa kuma shugabar Majalisar Matan Shugabannin Duniya. Ta kasance memba na membobin Turai na ofungiyar lateungiyoyi. A shekara ta 2004, ta sami lambar yabo ta Ambasada Ambasada na Lamirin Lamiri saboda aikinta na bunkasa hakkin dan adam.
Bukola Oriola
Bukola Oriola (an haife ta a shekara ta 1976) ɗan jaridar Nijeriya ne Ba’amurkiya. Tana zaune ne a Anoka County, Minnesota, kuma tana da ɗa mai suna Samuel Jacobs. Ta kwashe shekaru shida a matsayin 'yar jarida mai daukar labarai a Najeriya yayin da take zaune a kasar. A shekarar 2005, ta zo Amurka daga Najeriya a kan takardar izinin aiki na wata biyu domin daukar nauyin taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da aka yi a birnin New York. Ta auri Ba'amurke wanda ya hana ta kulla alaƙar mutum da wani ban da shi. Ya sanya ta cikin rayuwar ba ta aiki, ya kwashe duk abin da ta samu. An tsare ta a cikin gidanta a cikin wannan halin tsawon shekaru biyu. Bukola mai magana ne, marubuci, jagora, mai ba da shawara, kuma ɗan kasuwa.
Talla
Ta rubuta kuma ta buga kanta littafin da aka aaure: The Travails of a Trafficked Victim game da abubuwan da ta samu game da fataucin mutane. A watan Agusta 2013, ta fito a wani taron tattaunawa bayan an nuna fim din fim din ba Rayuwata ba a Babban Makarantar Kula da Harkokin Jama'a na Humphrey 'Cowles Auditorium. A ranar 16 ga Disamba, 2015, Shugaba Barack Obama ya nada ta a matsayin mamba a Majalisar Shawara ta Amurka kan Safarar Mutane, kuma Shugaba Donald Trump ya sake sanya ta a wannan matsayin a cikin Afrilu, 2018. Bukola ya lashe lambar yabo ta kasa da kasa ta Cadbury ta masu ba da rahoto kan ilimi a 2005. Ta fara wata kungiya mai zaman kanta da ake kira "The Enitan Story" a watan Agustan 2013 don yin shawarwari ga wadanda abin ya shafa da kuma karfafa wadanda suka tsira daga fataucin mutane. Ita abokiyar aikinta ce a Cibiyar Nazarin Aikin Jarida ta Duniya, Jamus.
Armand Kajangwe
Armand Kajangwe ɗan Rwandan-Switzerland ne, ɗan wasan fim. Ya kasance sananne sosai a matsayin darekta na yabo game da fina-finan Mafaka, da Dirty Singles.
Ayyuka
Ranar 7 ga watan Afrilu, shekarar 2009, Kajangwe ya shiga tare da cikakken kamfanin samar da sabis mai suna 'Crooked Seas Inc.' Craig Leblanc ne ya kafa shi a Ontario, Kanada. Ya yi aiki a matsayin darekta, darektan daukar hoto, kuma manajan yaɗa labarai na kamfanin.
A shekarar 2016, Kajangwe ta shiga aikin bude shafin yada bidiyo na farko a Afirka. An san dandalin da 'www.journal.rw' wanda ƙauyen Innovation Village, wani kamfani mai kirkire-kirkire na Ruwanda ya samar da shi kuma Kajangwe shine babban darekta. Dandalin na iya samar da hanya don raba babban abun cikin bidiyo.
Dominic Barclay
Dominic Barclay (an haife shi a shekara ta 1976) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila.
Ramy Ayach
Ramy Ayach ( رامي عياش  ) mawaƙin Lebanon ne. An haifeshi ne a 18 ga watan Agusta, 1980 a Baakleen, Lebanon. Ayach shine na fari a wajen mahaifinsa sa. Ya tashi cikin tsaunukan Lebanon. Ya fahimci waƙarsa kuma ya fara waƙa a wuraren jama'a. Sannan ya zama ɗayan mashahuran mawaƙa Larabawa a Gabas ta Tsakiya.
Aviva Cantor
Aviva Cantor (an haife shi a shekara ta 1940) yar jaridar Amurka ce,malami kuma marubuci.Mai ba da shawara na mata da dimokiraɗiyya na rayuwar jama'ar Yahudawa,Cantor ya kasance mai himma wajen haɓaka abubuwan Yahudawa masu ci gaba sama da shekaru 40.Ta kasance mai haɗin gwiwa a cikin 1968 na Yancin Yahudawa a New York,ƙungiyar Sihiyoniya ta Socialist,kuma ta kasance editan kafa editan Jaridar Yancin Yahudanci.JLP tana daga cikin ƙungiyoyin Yahudawa na farko da suka ba da shawarar mafita ta ƙasashe biyu (1968).
Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Aviva Cantor a cikin 1940 kuma ya girma a Gabashin Bronx ta hanyar gargajiya amma iyayen Orthodox waɗanda suka yi hijira zuwa Arewacin Amirka daga Rasha bayan yakin duniya na farko.Ta halarci Makarantar Ramaz,makarantar Yahudawa ta Orthodox, ta kammala karatun sakandare a matsayin Valedictorian.1957.Ta shafe shekaru biyu tana karatun tarihi a Jami'ar Ibrananci ta Kudus,kuma ta sauke karatu daga Kwalejin Barnard a 1961 kuma daga Makarantar Graduate na Jarida ta Jami'ar Columbia a 1963.A karshen shekarun 1969 ta shiga harkar fafutukar neman yancin kasar Biafra,ta kuma zama mataimakiyar shugabar kwamitin mawaka da marubuta na Biafra.
After teaching the first Jewish feminist course in the Jewish Free High School in 1972, she compiled, edited and annotated several editions of The Jewish Woman, 1900–1985: A Bibliography, the 4th of which was published by BiblioPress in 1986 and 1987. Her children's book manuscript, Tamar's Cat: A Story of the Exodus, won first prize in the Sydney Taylor Children's Book Manuscript Contest of the Association of Jewish Libraries in 1991. She is also the author of several plays, including Esther and the Three Fools: A Feminist Purimshpiel;  Moses and Tziporah with the Pesky Ex-Slaves in the  Desert; and Hamlet's Secrets, a comedy.
A cikin 1995,Harper San Francisco ta buga babban aikinta na 548,Matan Yahudawa/Mazajen Yahudawa:Legacy of Patriarchy in Jewish Life,binciken mata na tarihin Yahudawa,al'adu da ilimin halin dan Adam (wanda ke da shafuka 100 na ƙarshen bayanin).Aikin yana sanya rayuwar Yahudawa ta gargajiya da ta zamani a ƙarƙashin na'urar duban mata.
Ɗaya daga cikin batutuwanta na tsakiya shine cewa buƙatun rayuwar Yahudawa a cikin "gaggawa na kasa" na shekaru 2,000 na gudun hijira a ƙarƙashin yanayi na zalunci da haɗari ya zama dole a canza al'ummomin gida zuwa milieus da aka sanar da dabi'un mata na rashin tashin hankali,aɗin kai,dogara da juna,tausayi,da ijma'i.Mutumin Bayahude mai manufa ya canza "daga macho zuwa mentsch" ta hanyar haramtacciyar ta'addanci iri-iri da sake fasalin namiji a matsayin koyo da ilimi.A lokaci guda kuma,an ba wa mata damar damawa da yawa don tabbatarwa,amma idan ya kasance cikin muradun rayuwar jama'a.An horar da ta don zama "mai ba da tabbacin altruistic-mai tabbatarwa" (a cikin gamayya,ma'anar gargajiya ta kalmar "mai kunnawa" watau, mai gudanarwa).Hakika mazaje ba su gushe suna mallake al’umma ba,sun yanke shawara a kan manufofinta da dokokinta,da zabar shugabancinta (aji sun taka rawa a nan).
Cantor ya yi imanin cewa wannan nasarar da aka samu na sauyi na matsayi da rayuwar jama'a ya tabbatar da cewa tunanin maza na tashin hankali,ko da kuwa ya zama kwayoyin halitta,za a iya shawo kan su idan maza da mata suna da isasshen kuzari kuma suna sane da adalci na duniya mai zaman lafiya,daidaito,a cikin ruhun wahayin annabi Ishaya.
Other activities
Cantor kuma yana aiki a cikin ƙungiyar kare dabba kuma shine Mataimakin Shugaban "CHAI:Damuwa don Taimakawa Dabbobi a Isra'ila,"wanda Nina Natelson ya kafa a 1984 don taimakawa al'ummar jin dadin dabbobi na Isra'ila don inganta yanayin dabbobin gida a cikin ƙasa mai kawai.ƴan SPCAs da yawancin al'ummomin baƙi waɗanda ba su da al'adar kariyar dabbobi da yanayin yaƙi mai gudana. Ya tsara dokar kare dabbobi ta Isra'ila;gudanar da shirye-shiryen ilimi na ɗan adam da yawa (ciki har da ɗaya don yaran Yahudawa da Larabawa a Tel Aviv SPCA),wurin IB.Cibiyar Ilimi ta Singer Humane wadda ta gina;kuma sun gudanar da muhimman taruka,ciki har da na malamai kan alakar cin zarafin dabbobi,cin zarafi a cikin gidada kuma laifukan manya wadanda suka azabtar da dabbobi tun suna yara,da kuma wani kan hanyoyin da za a bi wajen amfani da dabbobi wajen gwaji.
CHAI ta gina matsuguni a Tiberias,tana kula da shirin spay-neuter na wayar hannu da shirin gyaran doki.Ita da kungiyar 'yar uwarta ta Isra'ila,HAKOL Chai,sun ceci karnuka da kuliyoyi da dama da aka ji rauni ko aka yi watsi da su a harin da aka kai wa Sderot.Marigayi Rep. Tom Lantos,wanda ya yi aiki a Hukumar Ba da Shawarwari ta CHAI,ya kasance mai goyon bayan aikin da ya dace,kamar yadda wanda ya lashe kyautar Nobel Isaac Bashevis Singer.Cantor ya rubuta rukunin Ilimin Dan Adam mai darasi 10 yana zana gabaɗaya akan tushen Yahudawa,wanda ya hana zalunci ga dabbobi (ko da yake Yahudanci ya ba da izinin yanka don abinci,dokar Yahudawa ta buƙaci tsarin ya kasance kusa da mara zafi sosai kamar yadda zai yiwu;wannan yanayin ba ya samun yawa sosai.A yau,musamman a Kudancin Amirka ).
In the 1980s, she initiated an ultimately successful Women's Appeal for the release of Soviet Prisoner of Conscience Ida Nudel.
Cantor kuma memba ne na hukumar ba da shawara ta Tuna Cibiyar Mata
Rayuwa ta sirri
Cantor ya yi aure na tsawon shekaru 38 ga dan jarida Murray Zuckoff,wanda ya bayyana kansa "mai juyin juya hali,"Sihiyoniya dan gurguzu kuma dan jarida mai bincike (mai ba da rahoto na Paterson Morning Call kuma editan JTA),wanda ya yi gwagwarmayar tabbatar da gaskiya da adalci da alkalami.Ya kuma kasance malami mai kwazo a CUNY.Zuckoff yana son Isra'ila,Yiddish,kuliyoyi.littattafai,kiɗa,fasahar jama'a da Star Trek.Ya rasu a shekara ta 2004. Cantor kuma yana tsara kiɗan liturgical kuma yana ɗaukar hoton cat ɗinta azaman abin sha'awa.
Kevin Loforte
Kevin Loforte (an haife shi a ranar 27 ga watan Fabrairu, 1997) ɗan wasan judoka ne kuma ɗan ƙasar Mozambique. Ya yi takara a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta shekarar 2020.
Lambar tagulla
A gasar Judo ta Afirka na shekarar 2021 da aka gudanar a Dakar, Senegal, ya ci ɗaya daga cikin lambobin tagulla a cikin maza 66. kg taron.
Hanyoyin haɗi na waje
Kevin Loforte at the International Judo Federation
Kevin Loforte at JudoInside.com
Kevin Loforte at Olympics.com
Kevin Loforte at Olympedia
Senegal
Senegal ƙasa ce, wacce ta ke a yammacin Afirka. Senegal ta hada boda da Mauritaniya daga arewa, Mali daga gabas, Guinea daga kudu maso Arewacin ƙasar, sai kuma Guinea Bissau daga kudu-maso arewacin ƙasar. Ƙasar ta hada gaɓar teku da ƙasar Cape Verde. Ƙasar Senegal na da hanyoyin sama da na ruwa kuma ana kiran garin da 'mashigin Afrika' saboda garin na gefen gabar tekun North Atlantic ocean. Birnin Dakar shi ne babban birnin Senegal kuma ƙasar ta sama yancin kanta daga hannun Faransa a shekarar 1960. . Kasar Senegal tana cikin kungiyoyi na ECOWAS, African Union (AU) da sauran su.
Tarihi
Yankin Senegal a yau ya kuma kasance sashe daga cikin sashen tsohuwar garin Ghana da masarautar Djobouti kuma ya kasance muhimmin cibiyar kasuwanci na trans-sahara route. Turawa suka fara mulkan ƙasan wanda Ingila ta fara, sai Faransa sai Portugal, sai kuma ƙasar Nadalands, daga baya Ƙasar faransa ta amsa mulkin a karshen karni na sha tara (19). Ƙasar Senegal ta kasance ƙarƙashin mulkin Faransa har zuwa shekara ta 1960, lokacinda suka samu 'yanci a sa'linda marubuci, mahikayanci, Leopoldo Seghor ke mulki. Ƙasar ta samu 'yanci a matsayin yankin ƙasar Mali kafin ta samu cikakken 'yanci.
Mulki
Ƙasar Senegal tana da tsarin mulki na "Semi-Presidential System". Wanda kuma shugaban ƙasa ke kula da harkokin siyasan ƙasa tare da taimakon prime minista wanda shugaban ƙasa ke zaba. Ƙasar Senegal na bin tsarin mulkin Faransa, da shari'ar musuluncin ƙasar Senegal.
Arziƙi
Ƙasar Senegal kaman sauran kasashen Afrika na karanchin ci-gaba musamman a harkokin kasuwanci na zamani da masana'antu musamman na sarrafe-sarrafe da ƙere-ƙere na zamani. Tattalin arzikin ƙasar Senegal ya hada da:
i. Ma'adanun ƙasa: sun hada da ma'adanu da ake haqowa daga ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Ƙasar senegal suna da arziki kamar na kifi, gyada, phosphate, karfen ore, gwala-gwalai da kuma titanium.
'''ii. Noma da Kiwo:''' wannan ya ƙunshi harkokin noma da kiwo don samar da abinci ga ƙasa da kuma ƙasashen ƙetare don samar da kuɗin shiga. Kayan noma da ƙasar Senegal ke samarwa sun hada da; gyaɗa, gero, masara, dawa, shinkafa, audiga, tumatir, kayan ganye, shanaye, kaji, aladu da kifaye.
'''iii. Harkokin Kasuwanci (Shiga da Fitar hajoji)'''
Harkokin shiga da fitar hajoji wato (import & export) a ƙasar sun hada da; kayan abinci, man-fetur, auduga da sauransu. Kayan da Senegal ke fitar wa sun hada da gyada, kifi, phosphates da sauransu. Kayan da suke shigar wa sun hada da; kayan abinci, lemunan sha, man-fetur da kayan amfanin yau da kullum.
Abokan huldar kasuwancinsu sun hada da ƙasar Mali wanda ke da kaso 12.8% na adadin kasuwancin, Ƙasar Swizaland 9.7%, india 5.9%, kot d buwa 5.1%, Birnin Sin (China) 5.1%, UAE (Qatar) 4.1, Faransa 4.1% (a 2015). Wannan su ne ƙasashen da Senegal ke kaiwa haja.
har zuwa yau ƙasan na shigo da kaya daga Faransa 17.9%, Chena 10%, Nijeriya 8.7%, Indiya 5.6%, Ƙasar Spaniya 4.9%, Nadalands 4.5% (2015).
v. Masarrafu/Masana'antu
ƙasar senegal tana da masana'antu na sarrafa kayan noma da kifi, sarrafa hakakken phosphate,
Hada taki, tace man-fetur .
Yaruka
Ƙasar Senegal kaman sauran ƙasashen afrika tana da yaruka daban daban, amma mahimmin yare na gama gari shine Faransanci, sauran suka
hada da; yaren Wolof wanda suke da kaso 43% na mutanen ƙasan, Pular (wato Fulani da Peulh) da Tokulawa 23%, Sera 15%, Diyola (Jola) 3.7%, Mandingo (Madinka)3%, Soninke 1.1%, da kuma sauran yaruka wanda ke da kaso 19%.
Ilimi
Akwai manyan Malamai a ƙasar Senegal irinsu Sheikh Ibrahim Niass.
Addinai
Senegal kaman kowace ƙasa tana da mutane masu addinai daban-daban kaman haka; musulunci wanda suka fi kowa yawa a kasan, kiristanci da addinan gargajiya.
Musulunci
Mafi akasarin mutanen Senegal musulmai ne wanda suka kwashe kashi 95% na mutanen ƙasar. suna da Shahararren malamai kaman irin Shehu Ibrahim inyass khalifan Shehu Ahmadu Tijjani radiyallahu ta'ala anhu.
Kiristanci
Mabiya addinin kiristanci na da karancin mabiya a Senegal wanda suka kwashe kaso 4% na mutanen kasan.
Addinan Gargajiya
Mabiya addinan gargajiya kadan ne a ƙasar senegal wanda suka kwashe karamin kashi 1% na mutanen ƙasar.
Abuja Securities and Modities Exchange
Kasuwancin Kayayyakin Kayayyaki na Najeriya (NCX) (kasuwar hannayen jari ta Najeriya) ɗaya ce daga cikin manyan musayar hannayen jari guda biyu a Najeriya. Tana cikin Abuja, babban birnin kasar, kuma an kafa ta a shekarar 1998.
NCX tana da hannu da farko tare da cinikin kayayyaki kamar masara, dawa da gero, sabanin ciniki a cikin kayyaki kamar shaidu da hannun jari na kamfani.
Kungiyar Kasuwar Kayayyakin ta Najeriya ta kammala shirye-shiryen kafa tsarin bayanan kasuwa ga kasuwannin kayayyaki 12 a kasar. Shugabar Hukumar NCX, Mrs. Zaheera Babaari ta ce nan da ‘yan watanni masu zuwa za a sake fasalin tsarin bayanan kasuwa na manyan kasuwanni 12 a jihohi 36 kuma hakan zai baiwa mutane damar samun bayanai kan farashin kayayyaki da kuma samar da amfanin gona.
Gasar Cin Kofin Women Super League ta ƙasar Uganda
Hukumar Super League ta mata ta FUFA tana daya daga cikin manyan kungiyoyin kwallon kafa na cikin gida na mata a kasar Uganda wanda hukumar kula da kwallon kafa ta Uganda ta sanya wa takunkumi.
A cikin shekarar 2019, an gabatar da gasar Super League ta mata zuwa tsarin wasan kwallon kafa na mata na Uganda tare da sake shirya FUFA Women Elite League a matsayin rukuni na biyu a karkashin gasar mata. Lokacin bude gasar Super League ta mata wanda aka fara da kungiyoyi 8, ba zato ba tsammani a watan Mayu 2020 saboda cutar ta COVID-19.
Tarihi
Gasar ita ce wadda ta gaji Elite Women Football League, wacce ta shafe shekaru biyar tana gudanarwa. An buga wannan gasar ne a rukunin yankuna da suka buga wasan neman gurbin shiga gasar daga baya. Gasar cin kofin gasar sune:
Tahlil
Tahlil (Larabci: تَهْلِيل, tahlīl, larabci na Larabci: [tah.liːl]), wanda kuma aka rubuta Tahleel, wani nau'i ne na zikiri wanda ya haɗa da yabon Allah a Musulunci ta hanyar cewa lā ʾilāha ʾillā -llāhu (لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا ٱلّ) ma'ana "babu abin bautawa da gaskiya sai Allah".
Etymology
Kalmar Tahlil ita ce kalmar magana ta fi'ili na 2 Hallala (هَلَّلَ) wanda a zahiri yana nufin  yabo  ko yabo.
Tarihi
A al'adance, furta jumla wani bangare ne na Shahada da wani ke musulunta. Daga baya, ya zama al'adar da ake yi azaman al'adar Sufanci yayin abubuwan da suka faru kamar tunawa da musulmin da ya rasu. Yin Tahlil don tunawa da matattu musulmi na Salafiyya suna ɗauke shi a matsayin bidi'a, kuma ita kanta aikin an san ta da "niayah".
A Indonisiya da Malesiya, yin tafsiri na maimaita Tahlil wani ɓangare ne na al'adar Kenduri, wanda ya zama ruwan dare yayin ibadar mutuwa. An san al'ada a cikin gida "majlis tahlil" (taro don yin sallah). Wannan al'ada ta fi yawa a tsakanin Musulmai waɗanda ke bin ƙungiyar Nahdlatul Ulama ta gargajiya.
Tamale
Tamale na a Arewacin Ghana ne, asalinta daga masarautar Dagbon ta fita. Sarkin shine sarkin al'umar Dagomba wato sarkin Yendi.
Tahlil
Hadisi
An karbo daga Abu Huraira: Manzon Allah ya ce, "Wanda ya furta sau dari a rana wadannan kalmomi: La ilaha illallahu, wahdahu la sharika lahu, lahul-mulku wa lahul-hamdu, wa Huwa 'ala kulli sha'in. Qadir (babu abin bautawa da cancanta sai Allah. Shi kaxai ne kuma ba shi da abokin tarayya tare da shi; Mulki nasa ne kuma abin yabo ne, kuma Shi mai iko ne), 'zai sami lada kwatankwacin abin da ya' yanta goma. bayi, za a rubuta ayyukan alkhairi ɗari bisa darajarsa, za a shafe zunubansa ɗari daga cikin littafinsa, kuma za a kiyaye shi daga shaidan a wannan ranar har zuwa maraice; kuma babu wanda zai zarce shi wajen yin mafi kyau. ayyuka masu kyau sai wanda ya yawaita karanta waɗannan kalmomin fiye da shi.
Tamale
Sakamakon kasantuwar Tamale a tsakiya ne yasa birnin yazama matatara ta gudanarwar gwamnati da cibiyar kasuwanci da siyasa a arewacin Ghana.
Tahlil
Hadisi
Malik ibn Anas ya ruwaito daga Talha ibn Ubaydullah ibn Kariz cewa Muhammad ya ce, "Mafi alherin addua ita ce addu'ar ranar Arafa, kuma mafi alherin abin da ni da Annabawan da suka gabace ni muka fada shi ne" Babu abin bautawa da gaskiya sai Allah, shi kadai kowane abokin tarayya "(La ilaha illa'llah, wahdahu la sharika lah)".
Tamale
Gwamnati
Tsarin Gwamnatin Tamale na tafiya ne karkashin ofishin magajin gari wanda shugaban kasar Ghana ne keda ikon nada shi. Magajin garin T Tamale na yanzu shine Hon. Iddrisu Musah. Akwai majalisa mai dauke da wakilai yan majalisu masu gudanarwa.
Ilimi
Tamale nada muhimmancin gaske a fannin ilimi a kasar Ghana. Ya zuwa yanzu, akwai makarantu 742 a tsakiyar birnin. Wannan ya hada da makarantun Nazire guda 94, Firamare 304, kananan sakandare 112 da kuma manyan sakandare 14. Sauran sun hada da makarantu na koyo a aikace, sai kwalejin ilimi biyu, jami'ar fasaha da wasu jami'oi biyu masu zaman kansu.
Sufuri
Tamale nada muhimmancin gaske a fannin sufuri a kasar Ghana. Akwai Filin jirgin saman Tamale..
Akwai motocin haya na tasi, da babura masu kafa uku wadanda ake kira da "Mahama-Cambuu". Su Mahama Cambuu sunane da aka lakabawa babura masu kafa uku ma'ana " Mahama zai yi". Mahama din shine tsohon shugaban kasar Ghana, H.E John Dramani Mahama. Suna da sauki ba kamar tasi ba, kuma zasu kaika dukan lungun da zaka. Akwai kuma babura masu kafa biyu wadanda akafi sani da yan acaba.
Hotuna
Hotunan wasu sassa daga birnin Tamale.
Mohammed Ahmed Abdallah
Mohammed Ahmed Abdallah (an haife shi a shekara ta 1953) likitan Sudan ne kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan Adam.
Tarihin Rayuwa
Dan kabilar Fur, ya fito ne daga tsaunin Marrah da ke tsakiyar Darfur. Tun yana yaro, ya yi tafiyar kwana uku don isa makarantarsa ta tsakiya, kwana biyar ya kai ga makarantar sakandare. Sannan ya halarci makarantar likitanci a Jami'ar Khartoum, inda ya kammala a shekarar 1976. Shi ne Likitan farko daga yankinsa, daga baya ya gina cibiyar sadarwa a duk fadin Darfur don ba da rahoton fyade da sauran tashin hankali. Ya zama farfesa a fannin likitanci a Jami'ar Al Fashir ta Darfur kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan Cibiyar Kula da Jiyya da Gyaran Jama'a ta Amel a Darfur a lokacin yakin Darfur.
Abdallah ya kasance wakilin zaman lafiya tsakanin kabilun Darfur 33 a shekarar 1989. A farkon rikicin Darfur a shekara ta 2003, ya sake zama wakilin zaman lafiya.
A shekarar 2007, an ba shi lambar yabo ta 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Robert F. Kennedy saboda kasancewa mai tsayin daka a kokarinsa na gyara rikicin 'yancin dan adam na yankin ta hanyar yiwa wadanda aka azabtar da su hidima da kuma samar da jagoranci a cikin yunkurin samar da zaman lafiya." Kyautar ta zo ne da kyautar tsabar kuɗi dalar Amurka 35,000 da kuma haɗin gwiwa na shekaru biyar da ƙungiyar Likitoci don kare hakkin ɗan adam da ke Amurka. Da yake karbar kyautar Abdallah ya bayyana burinsa na yin aiki ba kawai a matsayin likita ba, har ma da hakim (kalmar likita ta Larabci): Aikin Hakimi ba wai kawai ya kula da marasa lafiya ba ne, amma don kare al'ummarsa. . . A Darfur, aikina ba na likita ba ne kawai, amma wanda dole ne ya yi aiki don kare al'umma, kare hakkin bil'adama na jama'ar Darfur da kuma samar da zaman lafiya. A shekara ta 2009, Abdallah ya soki manufofin shugaban Amurka Barack Obama game da Sudan, yana mai cewa duk da halin da ake ciki a Darfur yana kara ta'azzara, amma har yanzu gwamnatin Amurka ba ta da wata manufa mai ma'ana ga yankin. Ahmad ya kara da cewa, tsarin yankin da ya hada da Chadi, Masar, Libya, da Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, ita ce hanya daya tilo da za a bi domin warware rikicin da ke faruwa cikin dogon lokaci.
Janet Okala
Janet Okala (1894-1971) shugabar siyasa ce ta Nijeriya.
Farkon rayuwa
An haifi Janet Okala a Onitsha a shekarar 1894 a matsayin ɗa na uku kuma 'yar fari ta Odukwe Odili. Daga baya ta zama mazaunin Owerrinta inda ta shahara da gwagwarmayar siyasa. Laƙabin ta shine "Gurasar Mama" kamar yadda ita ma ta mallaki gidan burodi.
Harkar siyasa da gwagwarmaya
A shekarar 1929, Okala ta jagoranci mata masu zanga-zanga a yankin Owerrinta yayin yakin mata na Aba. A cewar masanin tarihi Nina Emma Mba, Okala ya taba bayar da jagoranci da kuma ba da shawara ga matan yankin amma ya yi fice a lokacin yakin.
Ƙungiyar mata
A shekarar 1945, Okala ta kafa kungiyar matan Enugu kuma aka zaɓe ta ɗaya daga cikin mataimakan shugabanta. Bayan ziyarar da suka kai a shekarar 1949 daga Funmilayo Ransome Kuti (FRK), kungiyar ta sauya suna zuwa kungiyar mata ta Najeriya reshen Enugu. Da yake bayanin ziyarar ta FRK, Okala ya rubuta cewa "Kafin wannan lokacin mata a Enugu ba su da 'yancin yin bincike kan al'amuran kasarsu. Mrs. Kuti a zuwanta ya ilmantar da mu. ” Jaridun cikin gida irin su Pilot na Afirka ta Yamma da Daily Times sun yi bikin sauya sunan kungiyar a matsayin wata alama ta hadin kan kasa tsakanin matan Najeriya.
Mutuwa
Ta mutu a shekarar 1971
Ali Bin Abdul Rahman Al-Huzaify
Aiki da Karatu
A shekarar 1972 ya kammala karatunsa na digirin farko a fannin shari'a a Jami'ar Musulunci ta Imam Muhammad bin Saud. A shekarar 1975 ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin shari'a a Jami'ar Al-Azhar, sannan ya yi digirinsa ta 3 a jami'ar. Ya kasance limami kuma mai yin khuduba (Khateeb) a Masallacin Quba a shekarar 1978. A shekarar 1979 ya zama limamin Masallacin Manzon Allah (S A W) da ke a Madina (Al-Masjid al-Nabawi). A shekarar 1981 a cikin watan Ramadan an nada shi don ya jagoranci Sallah Tarawihi a Masallacin Harami, bayan karewar watan Ramadan sai ya koma Babban Masallacin Madina inda ya ci gaba da jagorancin Sallah.
Millennium Earl
The Millennium Earl(千年伯爵,Sennen Hakushaku),also known as"the Creator" and "Adam",is a fictional character in the manga series DGray-man by Katsura Hoshino.Introduced as the series' main antagonist,the Earl's role is to help revive the dead and turn them into demons known as Akuma.With Akuma,a group known as the Noah Family plans to destroy humanity.
The Earl takes an interest in the protagonist:young exorcist Allen Walker, who is connected to the Noah.When he learns that the exorcist Allen Walker is the successor of the 14th Noah,Nea D. Campbell he attempts to capture him.The character also appears in the second light novel based on the series.
Hoshino ya kafa wannan hali ne a kan wani sanannen wanda ta ki bayyana sunan sa.Da farko ɗan wasa a farkon bayyanarsa,daga baya ta bayyana siffar ɗan adam wanda zai yi tasiri da ba a bayyana ba a cikin jerin.Muhimmin martani ga Millennium Earl yana da kyau, tare da masu sukar yadda ya farfado da matattu da kashe mutane abin ban mamaki ne.Zurfinsa mai ban mamaki a cikin mabiyi,D.Gray-man Hallow,an kuma yaba masa.An saki kayayyaki iri-iri dangane da halayen.
Halitta da tunani
The Millennium Earl aka asali featured a matsayin villain na Katsura Hoshino ta daya-shot comic,Zone,wanda featured wasu haruffa daga cikin D.Gray-man jerin, mafi musamman Lenalee Lee da kuma hali wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin tushen Allen Walker,Robin.Ya jarabci Lenalee ta hanyar dawo da masoyinta da ta bata amma Robin ya hana shi.[vol.8:40 ] Kamar yadda yake a D.Gray-man,Earl ya yi wa mutane alkawari cewa zai mai da ’yan’uwansu da suka mutu zuwa rai. Hoshino ta samo asali ne a lokacin kuruciyarta lokacin da take burin rubuta shi a matsayin babban jigon ayyukanta. Duk da haka,gano halin da bai dace da mujallar manga da ke nufin matasa ba, maimakon haka ta ƙirƙiri Allen ya zama babban jarumi.Da zarar D.Gray-man ya fara serialization,Hoshino yayi tsokaci cewa ta kafa Earl akan wani wanda ba a tantance ba,sanannen mutum. Ko da yake an san mutumin da fasaha, umarninsa na harsuna da yawa da annabce-annabcensa,ba a san lokacin da mutumin ya mutu ba.Ya kira kansa"masanin ilimin zamani",kuma lokacin da aka buga kundin farko 'D.Gray-man an yi imanin cewa yana raye.[vol. 1 :112]Zuwa farkon jerin, Hoshino ya sami hali a matsayin ɗaya mafi sauƙi ga zane ɗaya tare da Hevlaska. [vol.3:86] A wata hira da aka yi da shi daga baya,Hoshino ya sami kayan ado irin na Earl har yanzu yana da sauƙin kwatanta idan aka kwatanta da mafi “kyau”haruffa,irin su Yu Kanda.
A cikin zayyana Earl,Hoshino ya ba shi kyan gani don ya bambanta masu tsattsauran ra'ayi waɗanda suka sanya baƙar fata maimakon.Wannan kallon an yi shi ne don ba da ra'ayin wani ɗan adam mai alaƙa da bala'in da ya haifar yayin da Hoshino ya haɗa shi da fure mai guba. Hoshino ya riga ya tsara sifar ɗan adam na Earl kafin manga ya fara jeri.Ta sami siffar ɗan adam"gajiya"a matsayin babban abokin gaba na jerin wanda ya dace da masu karatun jerin kuma ɗayan jigoginsa:baƙin ciki.An tsara shi a sashin edita na Jump J-books,kuma dandanonta ya bayyana a cikinsa.Ko da yake yawancin masu karatu sun yi la'akari da Earl kiba, Hoshino cikin raha ya ci gaba da cewa ba haka ba ne;duk da haka,girmansa yana da mahimmanci ga makirci na gaba.
Lokacin da ta fara zana shi a matsayin ɗan adam ba tare da suturar sa mai kama da kyan gani ba,Hoshino ya yi ƙoƙari ya sa Kunnen ya zama mai hankali saboda ba ta yarda cewa maza masu matsakaicin shekaru sun shahara a cikin jerin ba.Ta yi mamakin yadda ya yi kasa a zaben fidda gwani na hudu(18),duk da kokarin da ta yi na ganin ya kara burge shi a wurin da yake kuka a cikin barcinsa bayan gazawar da ya yi na daukar tsohon abokinsa,Nea,cikin dangin Nuhu.Gamuwar da ke tafe tsakanin Earl da Nea an rubuta ta a hankali don jan hankali daga yawancin masu karatu saboda yadda Hoshino ya yi ƙoƙarin zana ganawar.Hoshino ya tafi bayyana cewa Earl shine halin da ta fi so a cikin jerin har ma fiye da Allen.
Junpei Takiguchi ne ya bayyana Millennium Earl a cikin jerin' karɓawar anime na farko na harshen Jafananci da Yutaka Aoyama a cikin mabiyi,D.Gray-man Hallow.Ayyukan Aoyama ya sami yabo daga Hoshino saboda gaskiyar cewa dole ne ya yi ɓangarorin Earl biyu:mai 'yanci mai kama da dabi'a da makoki na ɗan adam wanda ya ƙudura ya dawo da ɗan'uwansa,Nea.Aoyama ya yi mamakin furucin Hoshino yana mai cewa bai fahimci babban abin da ta yi ba.Aoyama ya kuma ji cewa wasa da siffar Earl na ɗan adam yana da wahala saboda yadda ya bambanta da halayensa a cikin wannan yanayin har ya zama ɗaya daga cikin mafi wuyar murya.Jason Liebrecht ne ya bayyana halin a cikin harsunan Ingilishi na jerin duka.
Bayyanuwa
Babban mai adawa da manga,shi ne shugaban kabilan Nuhu kuma ya rayu tsawon shekaru7,000.Earl yana yaudarar mutanen da suke baƙin cikin abokansu ko danginsu da suka mutu don tada su, kuma ya mayar da su Akuma:makamai masu cinye jikin mutum kuma suna bin umarninsa.[ch.1 ]Mutum daya tilo da ya tsira daga wannan kaddara shine yaro, Allen Walker,wanda ya lalata Akuma na waliyyinsa( Mana Walker )kafin ya karbi jikinsa ta hanyar amfani da makamin da aka halicce shi ta hanyar rarrabuwar kawuna"Innocence"A farkon manga,Earl yayi ƙoƙari ya kashe wani ƙaramin yaro wanda mahaifiyarsa ta mutu Akuma ta kashe abokinsa;Allen ne ya tsayar da shi. [ch. 4 ] Earl sai ya umarci mabiyansa, Iyalin Nuhu, da su kashe janar-janar Baƙar fata (kungiyar masu fitar da fatara da ke adawa da su);[ch.29 ]wannan ya fara yaƙi da Order. Lokacin da ya san cewa memba na Black Order Lenalee Lee yana iya samun rashin laifi da aka sani da "Zuciya"wanda ke kawo nasara,Earl ya jawo gungun masu baƙar fata fata zuwa wani nau'i da aka sani da Jirgin Nuhu. [ch.88 ]Jirgin ya fara rushewa kuma Earl ya tsere daga yankin tare da Nuhu Tyki Mikk,wanda Janar Cross Marian ya kusa kashe shi.[ch.129 ]
Earl sannan ya umarci Nuhu ya aika matakin-3 Akumas don kai hari kan hedkwatar Black Order kuma ya kashe masu tsattsauran ra'ayi.[ch.139 ]Kamar yadda masu korar fatara suka rinjayi mamaya,[ch.157 ]yana tsinewa kansa da rashin kashe Allen a lokacin da suka hadu.[ch.158 ]A wani yaƙin Earl ya gano cewa Nea,9almajirin Nuhu na 14, yana cikin Allen kuma yana ƙoƙarin ɗaukar shi a matsayin Nuhu.[ch.189 ]Ko da yake Nea ya yi ƙoƙari ya kashe shi shekaru da yawa da suka wuce,Earl yana so ya kasance kusa da shi kuma ya ba da umarnin sace Allen.[ch.196 ] Lokacin da Allen ya bar Umarni bayan ya rasa haƙƙinsa a matsayin mai fitar da rai,Earl da Nuhu suka bi shi.Kamar yadda kusurwoyin Earl Allen a cikin wani gari Nea ya mallaki mai fitar da wuta.[ch.218 ]Ya bayyana cewa Earl shine rabin rabin karni na Millennium Earl,wanda ya ɓace kuma ya sake dawowa a matsayin tagwaye Mana D. Campbell da Nea D.Campbell.Mana shine Kunnen yanzu).[ch.219,220 ]Mutuwar Nea ta sa Kunnen ya rasa tunaninsa.Cikin rudewa ana kiransa"Mana"yana cewa Mana "ya tafi",Earl ya watsar da Nea. [ch.221]
Har ila yau,halin ya bayyana a cikin Kaya Kizaki's D.Gray-man Reverse,na biyu D.Gray-man haske novel,wanda a cikinsa ya nemo mutane don ƙirƙirar Akuma.Earl ya sami da yawa amma ya keɓe ƙaramin yaro don wani dalili da ba a sani ba,yana rikitar da abokinsa Road Kamelot.Ya mayar da yaron wurin iyayensa,yana gaya masa ya kirkiro Akuma.
Halaye
Earl na iya zama wani babban ɗan'uwan ɗan ƙasar Victoria:mai jujjuyawar siffa a cikin cape da babban hula(boye ƙahonsa),tare da ƙyalli na har abada da kuma abubuwan gani na pince-nez.Ko da yake halinsa sau da yawa yana fara'a, yana saurin bayyana abin da ya fi tsoratar da shi,ɓarna.[ch.3]Earl yana da golem mai suna Lero,laima mai ruwan hoda tare da ƙaramin jack-o-lantern mai magana a bakinsa.Yakan yi magana cikin jin daɗi ko kururuwa,yana ƙara sunansa zuwa ƙarshen kusan kowace jumla.Lero,wanda Earl ke amfani da shi azaman laima mai tashi irin na Mary Poppins,yana da aminci gare shi kuma yana tsare takobinsa. [ch.89 ]Hanya sau da yawa tana ɗaukar Lero ba tare da son rai ba,yana amfani da shi azaman tsintsiya madaidaci ko laima na yau da kullun.[ch.20,23,24]An yi amfani da shi azaman fitila don kiran Akuma, don jigilar masu fitar da mutane da yawa zuwa cikin Jirgin da kuma tsare Nuhu.[ch.4 ] Lero yana da takobi mai kama da takobin Allen Walker na zubar da jini, wanda ya ba shi mamaki lokacin da suka yi karo da jirgin Nuhu[130]Duk da rashin jin daɗinsa ga Nuhu Nea,Kunnen yana ƙara damuwa lokacin da yake magana game da shi.[ch.202 ]
Reception
The Millennium Earl ya sami karbuwa sosai daga manga,anime da sauran wallafe-wallafe.Da yake bitar juzu'in farko na manga,AE Sparrow na IGN ya kwatanta shi da uku daga cikin mugayen Batman : Penguin,Joker da Fuska Biyu,'waɗannan kamanceceniya.Bugu da ƙari,Sparrow ya kira Millennium Earl a matsayin"mugun abu mai ban tsoro da za ku so ku ƙi". Ross Liversidge na UK Anime Network kuma ya ji daɗin wannan hali,yana yaba da canjin ƙirarsa da ayyukan mugunta. Sheena McNeil ya yarda,yana mai cewa Earl yana aiki da kyau a matsayin muguwar jerin tare da"sautin ƙauna kamar yadda zukata suka nuna a cikin kumfa na magana da murmushi na har abada, dukansu biyun suna nan don sa shi ya ƙara yin zunubi ta hanyar ɓoye gaskiyarsa. dabi'a".Tom Tonhat na Escapist shi ma ya yaba da tsarin Earl na farfado da matattu a matsayin Akuma, yana ganin shi a matsayin jigo mai karfi da ke baiwa masu kallo damar tausayawa wadanda abin ya shafa.Ya kuma lura cewa farkon bayyanar wannan hali a matsayin "marasa barazana a matsayin ɗan wasa mai ɗaukar hankali"ya sa ayyukansa sun fi ƙiyayya.Todd Douglass,Jr.na DVD Talk ya kira Earl's canji na mutane zuwa Akuma"fiendish".Lynzee Loveridge na Anime News Network ya haɗa da shi a jerin9"7 Clowns to Haunt Your Nightmares"na gidan yanar gizon.Erin Finnegan na ANN ya sami wannan hali mai ban sha'awa saboda "ya rataye a cikin wani wuri mai girman gaske tare da jack-o'lanterns"kuma ya kwatanta shi da Mad Pierrot daga jerin wasan kwaikwayo na Cowboy Bebop.Neo ya bayyana cewa yayin da ƙirar Earl ke jin ba ta da wuri, ya dace da nau'in ƙira mai ban tsoro daga masu adawa.
Brian Henson na Mania Beyond Entertainment ya ji daɗin Earl da duhun labarin Nuhu a cikin labarun baya,da Yussif Osman na Japanator ya kira su mugaye amma abin so.Marubuciyar hanyar sadarwa ta Anime News Anne Lauenroth ta soki halin Earl a farkon abubuwan D.Gray-man Hallow;ko da yake ta yi la'akari da shi "bangaren buffoon, part mugun clown"(wanda ya sanya shi "giciye mai ban sha'awa tsakanin ban mamaki da ban tsoro"),"daskararre grin daga jahannama"bai fi tsoro ba.A cikin bita na baya,Lauenroth ya rubuta cewa Earl ya canza daga halin"mai ban sha'awa"a lokacin abubuwan Hallow kuma ba ta fahimci sha'awarsa da Nea ba. Chris Kirby na Fandom Post ya sami sabani na halin da Allen bayan mai fitar da shi ya bar Order a cikin baka na gaba mai tsawo,mai ban sha'awa cliffhanger;masu karatu sun jira sigar yaren turanci su cim ma na Jafananci.An yaba wa wahayin da ke bayan Earl ta ainihin ainihi yayin da jerin ke mayar da hankali kan yaƙe-yaƙe, ƙarar manga ya mayar da hankali kan shi kuma Nea ya mayar da hankali ne kawai a kansu tare da fasaha mai ban sha'awa kuma yana mamakin makomar Earl guda biyu la'akari da Mana ya mallaki Allen, Mana. dan reno.
Neo ya sami aikin Junpei Takiguchi a matsayin ɗan wasan Jafananci na Earl wanda ya fi wanda ya fito daga Turanci, Jason Liebrecht.An ba da shayin madara na Earl tapioca a 2016 D.Grey-man Halloween Cafe a Tokyo,da faci masu alaƙa,fara'a na wayar hannu da kayan kwalliyar kwalliya an sayar da su.
Nassoshi
D.Gray-man manga juzu'i na Katsura Hoshino.Asalin sigar Jafananci ta Shueisha ta buga.Fassarar Turanci ta Viz Media ta buga.
Ruwan gurabatattun Robobi
Ruwan gurbatattun robobi wani nau'i ne na gurɓataccen ruwa ta hanyar robobi, wanda ya bambanta da girman girman daga manyan kayan asali kamar kwalabe da jaka, har zuwa microplastics da aka samo daga rarrabuwar kayan filastik. tarkacen ruwa an fi zubar da dattin ɗan adam wanda ke yawo a kai, ko kuma aka dakatar da shi a cikin teku. Kashi tamanin na tarkacen ruwa robobi ne. Matsalolin Microplastics da nanoplastics suna haifar da lalacewa ko lalatawar sharar filastik a cikin ruwan saman, koguna ko tekuna. Kwanan nan, masana kimiyya sun gano nanoplastics a cikin dusar ƙanƙara mai yawa, musamman game da tan 3000 da ke rufe Switzerland kowace shekara. An yi kiyasin cewa akwai tarin tarkacen ruwan robobi na tan miliyan 86 a cikin tekun duniya ya zuwa karshen shekarar 2013, inda aka yi zaton kashi 1.4% na robobin da ake samarwa a duniya daga 1950 zuwa 2013 sun shiga cikin tekun kuma sun taru a can. An ƙiyasta cewa tan miliyan 19-23 na robobi na zubewa cikin halittun ruwa a cikin shekara. Taron Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya na Tekun 2017 ya kiyasta cewa tekuna na iya ƙunsar nauyi a cikin robobi fiye da kifi nan da shekara ta 2050.
Tekuna suna gurɓatar da ɓarbashi na robobi masu girma daga manyan kayan asali kamar kwalabe da jakunkuna, har zuwa microplastics da aka samu daga rarrabuwar kayan filastik. Wannan abu yana raguwa a hankali ko kuma an cire shi daga cikin teku don haka barbashi na robobi a yanzu sun yaɗu a ko'ina cikin tekun kuma an san suna da illa ga rayuwar halittun ruwa. Jakunkuna na robobi da aka jefar, zoben fakiti guda shida, buhunan sigari da sauran nau'ikan sharar robobi da suka ƙare a cikin teku suna ba da haɗari ga namun daji da kamun kifi. Ana iya yin barazana ga rayuwar ruwa ta hanyar ruɗewa, shaƙewa, da sha. ref>Six pack rings hazard to wildlife. helpwildlife.com Tarun kamun kifi, wanda yawanci aka yi da filastik, masunta za su iya barin ko ɓace a cikin teku. An san shi da ragamar fatalwa, waɗannan kifaye masu haɗaka, dolphins, kunkuru na teku, sharks, dugongs, crocodiles, tsuntsayen teku, kaguwa, da sauran halittu, suna hana motsi, haifar da yunwa, laceration, kamuwa da cuta, kuma, a cikin waɗanda suke buƙatar komawa saman zuwa ga numfashi, shaƙewa. Akwai nau'ikan robobin teku daban-daban da ke haifar da matsala ga ruwa. An gano kwalabe a cikin kunkuru da tsuntsayen teku, waɗanda suka mutu saboda toshewar hanyoyin numfashi da na narkewar abinci. Rukunin fatalwa kuma nau'in robobin teku ne mai matsala saboda suna iya ci gaba da kama rayuwar ruwa a cikin tsarin da aka sani da "fatalwa kifi".
Mafi girma 10 da ke fitar da gurɓacewar filastik teku a duniya, daga mafi ƙanƙanta, China, Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Masar, Malaysia, Nigeria, da Bangladesh, sun fi girma ta cikin kogin Yangtze, Indus., Yellow, Hai, Nile, Ganges, Pearl, Amur, Niger, and the Mekong, da kuma lissafin kashi 90 cikin 100 na dukkan robobin da ke isa tekunan duniya. Asiya ita ce kan gaba wajen samar da sharar robobi da ba a sarrafa ba, inda China kaɗai ke da nauyin metric ton miliyan 2.4.
Filastik suna taruwa ne saboda ba sa lalacewa kamar yadda sauran abubuwa ke yi. Za su yi photodegrade a kan fallasa rana, amma suna yin haka da kyau kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bushe, kuma ruwa yana hana wannan tsari. A cikin mahalli na ruwa, robobin da aka lalatar da su yana tarwatsewa zuwa ƙananan ƙananan guda yayin da sauran polymers, har zuwa matakin ƙwayoyin cuta. Lokacin da ɓarbashi na filastik masu iyo suna yin hoto zuwa girman zooplankton, jellyfish yayi ƙoƙarin cinye su, kuma ta wannan hanyar filastik ta shiga cikin sarkar abinci na teku.
Magani ga gurɓataccen filastik na ruwa, tare da gurɓataccen filastik a cikin yanayin gaba ɗaya za a haɗa su tare da canje-canje a cikin masana'antu da ayyukan marufi, da raguwar amfani, musamman, samfuran filastik guda ɗaya ko gajere. Akwai ra'ayoyi da yawa don tsaftace robobi a cikin tekuna ciki har da tarko ɓarɓashi na robobi a bakin kogi kafin shiga cikin teku, da kuma tsaftace magudanar ruwa.
Iyakar matsalar
Ana gane gurɓacewar ruwa da abubuwan filastik ke haifarwa a matsayin batu mafi girman girma, daga yanayin ƙazanta. Yawancin robobin da ake amfani da su a rayuwar yau da kullun na mutane ba a sake yin amfani da su, har zuwa kashi 90% kuma sama da tan miliyan 8 na sharar filastik ana jefa su cikin teku duk shekara. Idan aka ci gaba da haka, to nan da shekara ta 2050 za a samu robobi fiye da kifaye a duniya da nauyi. A cikin shekaru goma na farko na ƙarni, an ƙirƙiri ƙarin robobi fiye da duk filastik a tarihi har zuwa shekara ta 2000 kuma yawancin robobin ba a sake sarrafa su ba. Akwai kimanin nau'in filastik tiriliyan 15 zuwa 51 a cikin dukkan tekunan duniya da suka tashi daga saman teku zuwa benen teku. Tekuna su ne mafi zurfi a duniya kuma mafi fa'ida ta ruwa tare da matsakaicin zurfin filayen abyssal yana da kusan kilomita 4 ƙarƙashin matakin teku. Ƙarƙashin nauyi zai motsa a dabi'a da canja wurin kayan daga ƙasa zuwa teku, tare da tekun ya zama wurin ajiyar ƙarshe. Ɗaya daga cikin kiyasin samar da filastik na tarihi ya ba da adadi na metric tonnes (Mt) miliyan 8300 don samar da robobi na duniya har zuwa 2015, wanda kashi 79 cikin 100 an tara a cikin wuraren zubar da ruwa ko kuma yanayin yanayi. Kimanin tan miliyan 8 na sharar filastik na shiga cikin tekunan kowace shekara. A cewar ICUN, wannan adadin ya ƙaru zuwa tan miliyan 14 na filastik. Rashin gurɓataccen filastik na teku yana da ban mamaki don girman kasancewarsa, daga ramukan teku, a cikin zurfin ruwa mai zurfi, a kan tekun teku da ƙwanƙolin teku zuwa saman teku da gaɓar teku. Ko da tsibirin atolls masu nisa na iya samun rairayin bakin teku masu cike da robobi daga tushe mai nisa. A saman teku, tarkacen filastik yana mai da hankali a cikin sifofin madauwari na babban yanki, wanda ake kira da gyres ocean. Gine-ginen teku suna samuwa a cikin dukkan tekuna, saboda mu'amalar igiyoyin tekun na duniya. Magudanar ruwa na teku suna tattara sharar filastik a cikin gyres.
Ana ƙara ƙera robobi saboda sassauƙansu, gyare-gyare da halaye masu ɗorewa, wanda ke ba da filastik tare da ɗimbin aikace-aikace masu amfani. Filastik suna da matuƙar juriya ga tsarin yanayin yanayi wanda ke rushe wasu abubuwa da yawa a saman duniya. Tsarin teku, gami da guguwa, aikin igiyar ruwa, magudanar ruwa, hydration, da fallasa saman ga tsarin yanayin yanayi (misali iskar shaka) da hasken ultraviolet, ayan karya ɓarɓashi filastik cikin girma masu raguwa (sakamakon microplastics), maimakon organically narkewa. ko sinadarai canza kayan filastik. Ƙididdiga na jimlar adadin da nauyin robobi a cikin yankuna biyar na tekun gyre filastik sun kasance na tsari na ɓarɓashi tiriliyan 5.25 masu nauyin kusan tan 300,000. Rage girman ƙwayoyin filastik zuwa millimita da ƙananan ma'auni suna ba da damar filastik don daidaitawa a cikin ruwan teku mai zurfi, tare da watakila sau hudu fiye da filastik da ke ƙarewa a cikin sediments idan aka kwatanta da ruwan teku. Filastik yanzu wani bangare ne na hadaddun kemikal na kwayoyin halitta tare da rayayyun halittu, irin su cetaceans, tsuntsun teku, dabbobi masu shayarwa, da ƙwayoyin cuta, masu shigar da robobi.
Fiye da tan miliyan 300 na robobi ake samar da su kowace shekara, rabinsu ana amfani da su a cikin samfuran amfani guda ɗaya kamar kofuna, jakunkuna, da marufi. An kiyasta cewa tan miliyan 19-23 na robobi na zubewa cikin halittun ruwa a shekara. Ba shi yiwuwa a san tabbas, amma an kiyasta cewa akwai kimanin tan miliyan 150 na robobi a cikin tekunan mu. Gurbacewar robobi na samar da kashi 80% na duk tarkacen ruwa daga saman ruwa zuwa magudanan ruwa mai zurfi. Saboda robobi suna da haske, yawancin wannan gurɓacewar ana ganin su a ciki da wajen tekun, amma a halin yanzu ana samun sharar filastik da barbashi a mafi yawan wuraren zama na ruwa da na ƙasa, gami da teku mai zurfi, Manyan Tafkuna, murjani reefs, rairayin bakin teku, koguna, da rairayin bakin teku. Shaidar da ta fi daukar hankulan jama’a kan matsalar robobin teku ita ce tarkacen datti da ke taruwa a yankunan gyale. Gire shine madauwari mai da'ira ta hanyar iskar duniya da kuma ƙarfin jujjuyawar duniya. Akwai manyan ginshiƙan teku guda biyar: Arewa da Kudancin Pacific Subtropical Gyres, Arewa da Kudancin Tekun Atlantika Gyre, da Gyre Subtropical Tekun Indiya. Akwai mahimman facin datti a kowanne ɗayan waɗannan.