cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Bashir Usman Tofa
Rayuwar sa
An haifi Bashir Usman tofa a Kano a ranar 20, ga watan Yuni na shekara ta alif ɗari tara da tamanin da bakwai ( 1947) miladiyya. Yayi makarantar firamare ta Shahuci Junior primary school Kano, sai ya cigaba da karatu a makarantar City Senior Primary School a birnin na Kano. Tsakanin shekara ta 1962-1966 ne, ya halarci makarantar Provincial College Kano. Bayan kammala karatu a wannan makarantar ne ya fara aiki da kamfanin Royal Exchange Insurance tsakanin shekara ta 1967-1968. Daga shekara ta 1970 zuwa shekara ta 1973 ya je makarantar City London College Tofa ya shiga harkar siyasa ne a shekara ta 1977 lokacin da yayi Kamsila a mazabar Dawakin Tofa. Sai aka sake zabarsa mamba a majalisar jaha. A jamhuriya ta biyu ne Tofa ya zama sakataren jam'iyyar NPN a jihar Kano har na wasu lokuta. Sannan kuma ya zama sakataren kudi na jam'iyyar.
A jamhuriya ta uku (3) kuma, Tofa ya hade da jam'iyyar NRC a shekara ta 1990. A 1993 lokacin Janar Badamasi Babangida yana shugaban soja a Najeriya ne ya shirya tare da gabatar da tsari OPTION A4, aka zabi Tofa a matsayin dan takarar shugaban kasa mai wakiltar kano kuma ya kayar da Pere Ajunwa da Joe Nwodu da [[Dalhatu] Sarki Tafida] a zaben fidda gwani inda ya dauki tikitin yima jam'iyyar ta NRC takara. Tofa ya yi takara da Sylvesta Ugo a matsayin mataimakin sa.
Tofa yayi rashin nasara a zaben hannun Moshood Kaahimawo Olawole Abiola, bayarbe daga yankin yammacin kasar. Amma daga bisani gwamnatin ta Babangida bata fidda cikakken sakamakon zaɓen ba.
Tofa kuma ɗan kasuwa ne, ɗan kasuwar Mai ne da kuma masana'antu. Shine shugaban kamfanin INTERNATIONAL PETRO-ENERGY COMPANY (IPEC) da kuma ABBA OTHMAN AND SONS LTD. kuma ya zama mamba a kungiyar Century Merchant Bank and General Metal Products.
Ya rasu a ranar 3 ga Janairu shekarar 2022 bayan gajeriyar rashin lafiya.
Dagaji
Dagaji kauye ne a karamar hukumar Ajingi dake jihar kano.
Piovano Arlotto
Arlotto Mainardi (1396-1484), ya kasan ce wanda aka sani daban-daban kamar Pievano Arlotto ko Piovano Arlotto, firist ne wanda aka san shi da wasa da "jin daɗi." Motti e facezie del Piovano Arlotto, daga abokin da ba a sani ba, ya rubuta yawancin waɗannan. Yana da abokai a cikin mashahuran Florentine kuma wasu labaran labaran da suka shafe shi sun roki masu sauraro da yawa.
Rubutun kawai da aka sani ya zama tabbatacce a gare shi shi ne epitaph a kan kabarinsa a Oratory na Gesù Pellegrino a Florence. Ya nuna cewa ya gina kabarinsa ne don kansa kuma "ga duk wanda ke da sha'awar shiga tare da shi." A matsayinsa na gwarzo na jama'a ya shahara da wayo wanda ke da ƙimar kyawawan halaye kamar nutsuwa da aiki tuƙuru.
Luís Lopes
Luís Henriques de Barros Lopes (an haife shi a ranar 16 ga watan Fabrairu 2000), wanda aka fi sani da Duk, ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba ga ƙungiyar Aberdeen ta Scotland. An haife shi a Portugal, yana wakiltar Cape Verde a matakin kasa da kasa.
Sana'a
Duk ya fara aikinsa a Benfica, ya buga wasanni 42 don gefen B a cikin kaka 2, ya zira kwallaye 11. A cikin watan Yuli 2022, Duk ya rattaba hannu a kulob ɗin Aberdeen kan yarjejeniyar shekaru uku daga Benfica kan kudin da ba a bayyana ba.
A cikin watan Maris 2023 an nada shi Cinch Premiership Gwarzon dan wasan watan.
A duniya, Duk ya wakilci Portugal a matakin 'yan kasa da shekara 18 da U19, amma ya buga wasansa na farko na kasa da kasa a cikin tawagar Cape Verde a shekarar 2022.
Dundun
Dundun kauye ne a karamar hukumar Ajingi dake jihar kano.
Tom Barrett
Tom Barrett (an haife shi a 16 ga Maris 1934 ya mutu 8 Maris 2014) ya kasance ƙwararren dan wasa ne na ƙwallon ƙafa daga ƙasar Ingila.
Harawa
Harawa wata ciyawa ce bushashiya wacce dabbobi ke ci Ana samun harawa ne bayan manomi ya girɓe amfanin gonar sa ciyawar data rage ita ce manomi yake barin ta bushe arinƙa bawa dabbobi dunaci Manoma suna tanada ciyawar gyaɗa ne a fiyawan lokota shine yasa aka fi sanin harawa a matsayin bushashiya ciyawar gyaɗa Kala-kalar harawa Harawar gyada
Jos
Jos birni ne, da ke a jihar Plateau, a ƙasar Nijeriya.Plateau Shi ne babban birnin jihar. Bisa ga ƙidayar jama'a a shekara ta 2006, jimillar mutane 873,943 (dubu dari takwas da saba'in da uku da dari tara da arba'in da uku). An gina birnin Jos a farkon karni na ashirin.
Emmanuel Annor
Emmanuel Annor (an haife shi a ranar 29 ga watan Afrilu 2003) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Ghana wanda ke buga gaba a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ghana Bechem United FC
Himba
Himba Wata kabilace a kasar Namibiya inda dan kabilar zai arawa abokinsa matar sa don ya kwana da ita irin yanda ma aurata sukeyi a kasar.
Emmanuel Annor
Sana'a
Annor ya koma Bechem United a watan Maris shekarar 2021, a lokacin canja wuri na biyu na kakar shekarar 2020-21. A ranar 4 ga Afrilu, shekarar 2021, yana da shekaru 17, ya fara buga wasansa na farko kuma ya zira kwallonsa ta farko a cikin nasara da ci 2-0 akan Ma'aikatan Liberty. Ya zura kwallon a minti na 56 da fara wasa ta hannun Hafiz Konkoni. Ya zura kwallonsa ta biyu a wasan derby da suka doke abokan hamayyarsu Berekum Chelsea da ci 2-0. Burinsa ya zo ne bayan da kulob din ya riga ya jagoranci kwallon ta hanyar matashi Clinton Duodu.
Himba
Addinan Su
Kabilar ta Himba sun kasance suna bautar (Monotheistic(mukuru and ancsetor riverence).
Karin karatu
1. ^ Crandall 2000.
2. ^ Ezzell, Carol (17 June 2001). "The Himba and the Dam". Scientific American. 284 (6): 80–9.
3. ^ a b c Bollig, Michael (2006). Risk Management in a Hazardous Environment: A Comparative Study of two Pastoral Societies. New York: Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. pp. 167–168.
4. ^ Crandall 2000, p. 188.
Yehya Bundhun
Yehya Bundhun (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga watan Janairu 1965) ɗan wasa ne daga Mauritius. Yana fafatawa a wasan archery, wasan da ya tashi yana dan shekara 24. Kafin wannan ya buga wasan kwallon raga, kuma kawunsa Feizal Bundhun tsohon kocin kungiyar kwallon raga ne ta kasa.
A gasar Olympics ta bazara ta shekarar 2004, Bundhun ya zo a matsayi na 64 a cikin jerin gwanayen kibiyoyi na maza da maki 72 da maki 494. Saboda haka, ya fuskanci babban maharbi na Koriya ta Kudu Im Dong-hyun a zagaye na farko na kawar da kai. Bundhun ya sha kashi a wannan wasa da ci 152-109, amma maki a wannan zagayen ya kai shi matsayi na 63 a matsayi na karshe.
Adebayo Osinowo
Adebayo Sikiru Osinowo (28 Nuwamba 1955  - 15 Yuni 2020) wanda aka fi sani da Pepper  ɗan kasuwan Najeriya ne kuma ɗan siyasa. Osinowo dan majalisar dokokin jihar Legas ne. Har zuwa rasuwarsa, ya kasance Sanata mai wakiltar Legas ta Gabas a majalisar dokokin Najeriya ta 9.
Ƙuruciya
Osinowo ya yi karatunsa na firamare a St. Augustin Primary School da ke Ijebu-Ode, sannan ya yi karatun sakandare a makarantar Grammar School, Isonyin. Mahaifinsa shi ne marigayi Alhaji Rabiu Osinowo daga Odo-Egbo a Ijebu Ode mahaifiyarsa kuma Mariamo Taiwo Osinowo.
Kasuwanci da aiki
Osinowo yayi aiki da ma'aikatar ayyuka ta tarayya, jihar Legas. A shekarar 1977 ya fara aikinsa a matsayin ma’aikacin filaye a ma’aikatar ayyuka ta tarayya har zuwa shekarar 1979. Sannan ya zama Manajin Darakta a NITAL International daga shekarun 1986 zuwa 2003. Sannan ya zama Manajin Darakta a NIMCO International Co. Ltd daga shekarun 1990 zuwa 2003. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin manajan darakta, a Extreme Piling and Construction Company Ltd da NIMCO Dredging Company daga shekarun 1990 zuwa 2003.
Siyasa
Osinowo ya fara harkar siyasa ne a jamhuriya ta biyu a matsayin shugaban matasa na jam’iyyar Social Democratic Party (SDP). Shugaban jihar ya rasu Bashorun Moshood Kashimawo Abiola. Osinowo ya kasance mamba mai girma sau hudu a majalisar dokokin jihar Legas. Osinowo ya tsaya takarar dan majalisar dokokin jihar Legas a mazabar Kosofe kuma ya yi nasara. A ranar 23 ga Fabrairu, 2019, an zabe shi Sanata mai wakiltar Legas ta Gabas a Majalisar Dattawan Najeriya. Daga baya aka nada shi a matsayin shugaban kwamitin majalisar dattawa kan masana’antu.
Mutuwa
Bayo Osinowo ya mutu a ranar 15 ga watan Yuni 2020. An ba da rahoton cewa ya mutu sakamakon rikice-rikice daga COVID-19 yayin barkewar cutar COVID-19 a Najeriya. A ranar ne aka binne shi a gidansa na Ijebu-Ode.
Fagawa
Fagawa kauye ne a karamar hukumar Ajingi dake jihar kano.
Samuel Muthui
Samuel Muthui Maina (an haife shi a shekara ta 1987) ɗan kasuwan Kenya ne.
Ibrahim Jalo Waziri
Ibrahim Jalo Waziri (16 ga Disamba, 1926 - Nuwamba 1984) ya kasance malami, mai gudanarwa, shugaban gargajiya kuma dan siyasa daga Arewacin Najeriya wanda aka zaba sau biyu a matsayin Kakakin Majalisar Tarayya na Wakilin Nijeriya daga shekara ta alib 1960 zuwa shekara ta alif 1963 da shekara ta alib 1963 har zuwa juyin mulkin soja na shekara ta 1966 a cikin Janairu.
Samuel Muthui
An haife shi a shekarar 1987 a kauyen Rumuruti. Ya yi makarantar firamare ta Mutamaiyu a shekarar 1993 ya kuma kammala a shekarar 2002. Ya samu nasarar cin maki 193 cikin 500. Bai samu zuwa makarantar sakandare ba tunda iyayensa sun kasa biyan kudin shiga. A shekara ta 2010, bayan ya saci Sh1 123,000 daga wurin aikin sa, ya shafe watanni shida a gidan yari. An sake shi ne bayan an sasanta ba tare da kotu ba, kuma bayan ya amince ya maido da kudin.
Ibrahim Jalo Waziri
Tarihi
An haifi Jalo a garin Gombe, jihar Gombe a cikin dangin mai ba da shawara na masarauta a masarautar Gombe, mahaifinsa. Bafulatani ne daga zuriyar Nafada Muhammadu Jingudo shi ne 'Ubandoma' na masarautar. Ya fara karatunsa a makarantar Alkur'ani kafin a shekarar alib 1936 ya shiga makarantar Elementary ta Gombe zuwa shekara ta alib 1940 sannan ya halarci makarantar Midil ta Bauchi daga shekara ta alib 1940 zuwa shekara ta alib 1943 shekara ta kuma a can ya je ya halarci makarantar sakandare da ake kira Barewa College kafin ta zama Katsina College sannan Kwalejin Kaduna daga karshe ya koma Barewa daga shekara ta alib 1943 zuwa shekara ta alib 1946. Ya shiga Kwalejin Horar da Malamai, Zariya a ashekara ta alib 1946 kuma ya kammala a shekara ta alib 1948 da shedar Grade II kuma ya tafi kwas na Kananan Hukumomin Yammacin Afirka daga Makarantar Tattalin Arziki ta London daga shekara ta alib 1954 zuwa shekara ta alib 1955.
Samuel Muthui
Bayan saki, ya ɗauki aiki a matsayin wakilin tallace-tallace. Duk da haka, albashin sa bai isa ya mayar da kudin da ya sata ba ga ma’aikacinsa na baya. Daga nan Muthui ya saci Sh150,000 daga wannan ma’aikacin da nufin ya fara sana’arsa.
Ibrahim Jalo Waziri
Aiki
Bayan ya gama karatunsa, ya fara aiki a matsayin malami a shekara ta alif 1948 a makarantar Midil ta Bauchi zuwa ahekara ta alib 1952 inda ya zama Shugaban makarantar firamare ta Gombe, a wannan shekarar ce mahaifinsa ya rike mukamin 'Ubandoma' na masarautar Gombe.
Samuel Muthui
A yau Muthui shine Biliyoniya mafi ƙanƙanta a Kenya. Shi ne wanda ya kafa kuma shugaban kamfanin Muthui Limited wanda ke hulda da daukar al'ummar Kenya aiki a kasashen waje. Hakanan yana gudanar da kamfanoni 7 ciki har da mafi kyawun ɗakin rikodin rikodi a cikin Rikodin Idea na Kenya.
Muthui ya rubuta wani littafi mai suna The Prisoner Turned Millionaire. Ya zauna a KCSE 2014.
Romina Armellini
Romina Armellini (an haife ta 9 Nuwamba Nuwamba 1984) ta kasan ce 'yar wasan ninkaya ce' yar ƙasar Italiya ce wacce ta fafata a Gasar Olympics ta Zamani ta 2008.
Ibrahim Jalo Waziri
Manazarta
https://www.sunnewsonline.com/northern-group-eulogises-late-jalo-waziri/ https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2020/10/01/i-love-the-flamboyance-of-second-republic-senators/ https://nigerianwiki.com/Ibrahim_Jalo_Waziri https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/alhaji-ibrahimjalo-mp-cfr-waziri-gombe/
Tommy Baldwin
Tommy Baldwin (an haife shi a shekara tai tara da arbain da shidda alif dubu daya da dar '1945') shi ne dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila.
Kogon Lu'ulu'u
Kogon Lu'ulu'u ko Giant Crystal Cave (Spanish) wani kogo ne da ke da alaƙa da ma'adinan Naica a zurfin 300 m, in Naica, Chihuahua, Mexico.
Yana ɗaukar nau'i na ɗaki a cikin dutsen mai masaukin baki na ma'adinan,kuma yana da kusan 109 m tsayi mai girma daga 5000 to 6000 m3.
Gidan ya ƙunshi manyan lu'ulu'u na selenite (gypsum, CaSO4· 2 H2O), wasu daga cikin manyan lu'ulu'u na halitta da aka taba samu. Mafi girma shine 11.40 m, tare da girma na kusan 5 m3, da kuma kiyasin yawan tan 12.
Wannan yana kama da bayanan zafin jiki a cikin kwarin Mutuwa, amma tare da iska mai ruwa mai yawa. Kogon ba a binne shi ba saboda waɗannan dalilai. Idan ba tare da ingantaccen kariya ba, mutane za su iya jurewa kusan mintuna goma na fallasa lokaci ɗaya.
An gano kogon ne a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2000 ta hanyar 'yan uwan Juan da Pedro Sánchez yayin da suke tonowa a cikin ma'adinai a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2015, ma'adinin ya sake cikawa kuma kogon ya cika sau ɗaya da ruwa mai wadata da ma'adanai da ake buƙata don lu'ulu'u su girma.
Ƙungiyar masana kimiyya a cikin Naica Project, sun yi nazarin waɗannan kogo.
Samuwar lu'ulu'u
Magma ta dumama ruwan ƙasa wanda ya cika da sulfide ions (S 2- ).
Oxygen din ya bazu a hankali a cikin ruwan zafi kuma ya sanya sulfides (S 2- ) zuwa sulfates ( SO2-). SO)wanda ya haɓaka azaman anhydrite (CaSO4).
Lokacin da gabaɗayan zafin kogon ya fara raguwa ƙasa da 56°C (133 °F),da hydrothermal da sedimentary anhydrite lu'ulu'u narkar da, da gypsum (CaSO4· 2H2O) lu'ulu'u kafa. Sulfate gypsum mai ruwa ya yi crystallized a cikin matsanancin jinkirin tsawon shekaru aƙalla shekaru 500,000, yana samar da manyan lu'ulu'u da aka samu a yau.
Ganowa
A cikin 1910, masu hakar ma'adinai sun gano wani kogon da ke ƙarƙashin aikin Naica Mine, Kogon Takobi (Spanish).
Tana cikin zurfin 120 m, sama da Kogon Lu'ulu'u,kuma ya ƙunshi ban mamaki, ƙarami ( 1 m dogon) lu'ulu'u.
Ana hasashen cewa a wannan matakin, yanayin canjin yanayi na iya faɗuwa da sauri da sauri,wanda zai haifar da ƙarshen ci gaban lu'ulu'u.
An gano Giant Crystal Cave a cikin Afrilu 2000 ta masu hakar ma'adinai da suka tono sabon rami na kamfanin hakar ma'adinai na Industrias Peñoles da ke Naica, Mexico, yayin da suke hakowa ta hanyar laifin Naica, wanda suka damu zai mamaye ma'adinan. Rukunin hakar ma'adinai a Naica ya ƙunshi dumbin adibas na azurfa, zinc da gubar.
Kogon lu'ulu'u wani rami ne mai siffar takalmi a cikin dutsen farar ƙasa. Kasan sa an lullube shi da ingantattun tubalan lu'ulu'u.
Manyan katakon kristal suna fitowa daga duka tubalan da bene. Lu'ulu'u suna tabarbarewa a cikin iska, don haka aikin Naica ya yi ƙoƙari ya rubuta lu'ulu'u a gani kafin su kara lalacewa.
An kuma gano wasu ƙananan kogo guda biyu a cikin 2000, Kogon Idon Sarauniya da Kogon Candles, kuma an sami wani ɗaki a cikin aikin hakowa a cikin 2009. Sabon kogon mai suna Fadar Ice, yana da 150 m mai zurfi kuma ba a ambaliya ba, amma nau 'in lu'ulu'unsa sun fi ƙanƙanta, tare da ƙananan nau'in "farin kabeji'' da kyau, lu'ulu' u masu kama da zaren.
Bincike da binciken kimiyya
Tawagar kimiyya da Paolo Forti, kwararre kan ma'adinan kogo kuma masanin kiristalographer a Jami'ar Bologna (Italiya), ta yi bincike dalla-dalla a cikin kogon a cikin 2006.
Don tsira da samun damar yin aiki a cikin matsanancin zafin jiki da yanayin ɗanɗano wanda ke hana tsawaita kutse a cikin ɗakin crystal, sun haɗu tare da Ferrino da La Venta don haɓaka nasu kwat da wando da tsarin numfashi mai sanyi (wanda aka yiwa lakabi da Tolomea suit da kuma Sinusit respirator).
An saka kayan kogon na musamman tare da katifa na bututun firiji da aka sanya ko'ina cikin jiki kuma an haɗa su da jakar baya mai nauyin 20 kgmai dauke da tafki mai cike da ruwan sanyi da kankara. Sanyaya da aka samar ta hanyar narkewar ƙanƙara ya isa ya samar da kusan rabin sa'a na cin gashin kansa.
Bayan nazarin ma'adinai da crystallographic, an yi nazarin halittun halittu da ƙwayoyin cuta na gypsum giant crystals.Stein-Erik Lauritzen (Jami'ar Bergen, Norway) ya yi uranium-thorium dating don sanin iyakar shekarun giant lu'ulu'u, kimanin shekaru 500,000. Tawagar da AES Van Driessche ke jagoranta ta auna girman girman waɗannan manyan lu'ulu'u na gypsum ta amfani da ruwan Naica na yau. Sun sami ƙimar girma na (1.4± 0.2)×10 -5 nm/s,wanda shine mafi saurin auna ƙimar girma na yau da kullun don kowane tsarin ci gaban crystal.Yin la'akari da wannan ƙimar, mafi girman lu'ulu'u zai ɗauki kusan shekaru miliyan 1 don isa girmansu na yanzu.
Penelope Boston (Cibiyar Ma'adinai da Fasaha ta New Mexico), masanin ilimin kimiya da fasaha na geomicrobiologist na kwayoyin extremophile,sun gano samfurin bakararre na gypsum drillcores ta hanyar yin ƙananan rijiyoyin burtsatse a cikin manyan lu'ulu'u a ƙarƙashin yanayin aseptic.
Manufar ita ce a gano yuwuwar kasancewar tsoffin ƙwayoyin cuta da ke cikin ruwa da ingantattun abubuwan da ke cikin matrix sulfate na calcium daga samuwar sa.
Abubuwan da aka haɗa da ƙarfi sun ƙunshi magnesium da baƙin ƙarfe oxy-hydroxide, amma ba za a iya samun kwayoyin halitta mai alaƙa da tsayayyen hydroxides.
Babu DNA daga tsoffin ƙwayoyin cuta da za'a iya fitar da su daga ƙwaƙƙwaran haɗawa da haɓaka ta PCR, nazarin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta game da haɗa ruwa ana sa ran yin ƙoƙarin tabbatar da kasancewar tsoffin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin asalin maganin ruwa wanda lu'ulu'u suka haɓaka.
A taron 2017 na Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru, masu bincike, ciki har da Dr. Ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyin da ba su da kyau, masu binciken sun sami damar cirewa da sake raya waɗannan kwayoyin halitta, waɗanda ba su da alaƙa da wani abu a cikin sanannun bayanan kwayoyin halitta.
Sauran bincike sun rufe fannonin ilimin palynology (binciken pollen), ilimin kimiyyar lissafi, ilimin kimiyyar ruwa da yanayin jiki da ke cikin Kogon Crystals.
Rufewa
An nuna kogon a cikin shirin Ganowa Channel Naica: Bayan Kogon Crystal a cikin Fabrairu 2011. Tun da farko, an nuna shi a cikin shirin Tashar Tarihi na Rayuwa Bayan Mutane, a cikin shirin "Tsarin Rushewa" na kakar wasa ta biyu.
Bugu da ƙari, an kuma nuna waɗannan kogo a cikin shirin Angry Planet, a cikin kashi na 311, bincike ya ba da tabbaci ga wanzuwar ƙarin ɗakuna, amma ƙarin bincike zai buƙaci cire lu'ulu'u masu mahimmanci, kamar yadda isar da kogon ya dogara da fanfunan ruwa na ma'adinan, da zarar an daina ayyukan hakar ma'adinai, an bar kogon su sake ambaliya a watan Oktobar 2015.
Idan kamfanin hakar ma'adinai ya yanke shawarar bude wata hanyar shiga, masu bincike za su iya sake shiga don ci gaba da aikinsu, in ji wani rahoto na Fabrairun shekarar 2019.
Shi'a
Shi'a (larabci شيعة Ko Shi'ah, Bangare, daga Shi'atu Ali ma'ana bangaren Sayyadina Aliyu) bangare ne a addinin Musulunci wanda mabiyansa suka yi amanna da cewa shi ne Halifa na farko bayan manzon Allah (s.a.w) wanda hakan ya sha babban da fahimtar Sunnah ko mabiya sunnah "Sunni Islam" wadanda suka yi imani da cewa ba Ali ne Halifa na farko ba. Suka ce Halifa na farko shi ne Sayyadina Abubakar (R. A). Hujjar Sunnah kuwa ita ce da yake Manzon Allah (s.a.w) bai nuna wani ba wanda za a bi bayansa sai suka yanke hukuncin yin Shura (wato kuri'a tsakanin al'umma) bayan Wafatin Annabi (s.a.w) kuma suka zabi Sayyadina Abubakar a matsayin Jagoran daular musulunci kuma jagoran Musulmai. Shi’a na ganin akasin haka, inda su kecewa Manzon Allah (saw) ya daga hannun Sayyidi Ali a Ranar Ghadeer kuma ya ce duk wanda ya ke masoyinsa ko majibincin lamarinsa to shi ma Ali ya kasance majibincin lamarinsa.
Ilorin
Ilorin birni ne, da ke a Jihar Kwara, a ƙasar Nijeriya. Shi ne babban birnin jihar Kwara. Bisa ga ƙidayar jama'a a shekarar 2006, akwai jimilar mutane 777,667 (dubu dari bakwai da saba'in da bakwai da dari shida da sittin da bakwai). An gina birnin Ilorin a ƙarni na sha biyar.
Shi'a
Shi'a ita ce bangare na biyu a bangarorin Musulunci wanda ya fi yawan mabiya musamman a yankuna gabas ta tsakiya, bayan bangaren Sunna. A kididdigar da aka yi a shekarar 2009 'yan shi'a ne kaso 10-13% na al'umar musulman duniya. Shi'a 'Yan sha biyu ko (Ithna ashariyya) su ne suka fi yawa daga cikin 'yan shi'a inda suke da kaso 85% na mabiya mazhabin shi'a a kididdigar 2012.
Duk da haka akwai rabe-rabe masu yawa a shi'a, amma an fi sanin guda uku wato ￼￼'Yan sha biyu, Ismailyya da kuma Zaidiyya, amma ' yan sha biyu su ne mafiya yawa daga cikin bangarorin shi'a.
Bayanin kalmar Shi'a
Kalmar Shia (Larabci: شيعة‎ shīʻah /ˈʃiːʕa/) ma'ana mabiya ko bangare. Amma kalmaar shi'a anan tana nufin shīʻatu ʻAlī (شيعة علي /ˈʃiːʕatu ˈʕaliː/), ma'ana mabiya Sayyadina Aliyu ko yan bangaren Ali da Hausa ana iya kiransu a jam'i da Yan shi'a ko shi'awa, akidar kuma akan ce mata shi'anci.
Dawowa
Dawowa kalma ce ta aikatau. Da ke nufin wani abu ya dawo baya.
Manasseh Daniel Jatau
Manassah Daniel Jatau (an haife shi 29 ga Disamba 1955 a Balanga, Nijeriya) shi ne mataimakin gwamnan jihar Gombe. An zabe shi Mataimakin Gwamna tare da Gwamna Muhammad Inuwa Yahaya yayin babban zaben 2019 na Najeriya.
Dawowa
Misali
Ali ya je makaranta amman an koro shi zuwa gida, ma'ana ya dawo gida.
Adamou Mayaki
Adamou Assane Mayaki (Yunin shekarar 1919 - 2003) ɗan siyasan Nijar ne kuma jami’in diflomasiyya. Mayaki ya kasance Ministan Harkokin Wajen Nijar daga shekarar 1963–1965, kuma jigo a jam’iyya mai mulki ta PPN-RDA.
Tarihi da Aiki
An haifi Mayaki a Filingué a shekara ta 1919. Iyalinsa sun kasance daga layin Sudié na masarauta, wani rukuni na magada Harshen Hausa wanda ke mulkin garin a ƙarƙashin mulkin mallakar Faransa. Kakansa shi ne Bafaranshe na farko da aka naɗa Chef du Canton na yankin, kuma mahaifinsa shi ne Serkin na Filingué har zuwa 1935. Mayaki halarci Faransa malamai koleji, a Kati, Mali, ya zama wata rundunar m, kuma ya kasance aiki a harkokin siyasa a shekarar 1946 a matsayin shugaban na Nijar Action kungiyar (BNA), wanda daga baya ya zama Union of Nijar zaman da Mutane (Unis), daya na jam’iyyu biyu kafin samun ‘yancin kai waɗanda suka fafata a zabukan yankin na 1952. An zaɓi Mayaki a Majalisar Yankin Yankin Nijar a watan Maris na 1952 daga Maradi sannan aka sake zaben sa a 1956. Daga 1952 ya kuma yi aiki a Babbar Majalisar Faransa ta Yammacin Afirka, kuma daga 1953 a matsayin wakilin mulkin mallaka na Jamhuriyar Nijar a Tarayyar Faransa kuma a 1958, bayan rarrabuwar kan UNIS, an zabi shi zuwa Majalisar Dokokin Ƙasa ta farko daga PPN-RDA - ya jagoranci Union for the Franco-African Community (UCFA). UCFA ta kasance gaban da ke hade da PPN wacce ke ba da shawarar ci gaba da kasancewa cikin kungiyar Faransa, kuma tana adawa da samun ‘yanci kai tsaye da abokin hamayyarsa na jam’iyyar PABA mai adawa SAWABA. Zaben 1958 ya kori SAWABA (wanda wasu membobin UNIS din suka shiga) daga Majalisar, kuma Mayaki ta zama fitaccen mamba a gwamnatin Jamani ta farko mai cin gashin kai ta Hamani Diori.
Mayaki ya kasance Ministan Aikin Gona na Yankin daga Mayu 1957, kuma bayan nasarar UCFA, ya zama Ministan Cikin Gida na farko na Nijar. A watan Disamba 1958 ya zama Ministan Tattalin Arziki da Tsare-tsare. Bayan samun cikakken ƴanci a shekarar 1960, Mayaki ya zama Ministan Kasuwanci da Masana'antu. A 1963 ya karbi mulki daga Shugaba Diori a matsayin Ministan Harkokin Wajen Nijar.
Mayakan ƙungiyar SAWABA, bayan da aka ayyana jam’iyyarsu a matsayin haramtacciya a 1959, suka fara kai hare-hare na zagon kasa da kuma kutsa kai a kan iyaka a shekarar 1964 da 65. Saboda haka, PPN ta motsa da yawa daga mambobin da a wani lokaci suna cikin jam'iyyun adawa, Mayaki daga cikinsu. Ya zama jakadan Nijar a Amurka daga 1965 zuwa 1970, shugaban lardin Dosso (wanda a wancan lokacin ake kira "sashen"), sannan a 1973 shugaban kamfanin dakon kaya na jihar ta Nijar, SNTN. Lokacin da aka hambarar da Jamhuriya ta Farko a juyin mulkin da aka yi a Nijar a 1974, Mayaki ta ci gaba da rike mukamin gwamnati, da Sakatare a Ma’aikatar Kudin Nijar. Ya yi ritaya a shekarar 1976.
Omoniyi Caleb Olubolade
Omoniyi Caleb Olubolade (An haifeshi 30 ga watan nowanba, 1954). Ya yi mulkin soji a jihar Bayelsa.
Aiki soja
Ya shiga aikin sojin ruwa a 1975 sannan ya tafi karo sanin aiki a Britannia Royal Naval College a 1975 sannan kuma yaje Naval College of Engineering India a 1979. Sannan a 9 ga watan yuni 1997 ya sami mukamin mulkin sabuwar jihar Bayelsa daga gwamnatin sajin Ganaral Sani Abacha
Mukami
An bashi ministan muhimman al'amura a 6 ga watan aprelu 2010 a gwamnatin shugaba Goodluck Jonathan.
Tommy Ball
Tommy Ball (an haife shi a shekara ta 1900 - ya mutu a shekara ta 1923) shi ne dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila.
Madagaskar
Madagaskar (lafazi: /madagasekar/) ko Jamhuriyar Madagaskar, (da Faransanci: République de Madagascar; da Malagasy: Repoblikan'i Madagasikara), ƙasa ce, da ke a gabashi Afirka. Madagaskar tsibiri ne. Madagaskar tana da yawan fili kimani na kilomita arabba'i 587,041. Madagaskar tana da yawan jama'a kimanin 24,894,551, bisa ga jimillar 2016. Babban birnin Madagaskar, Antananarivo ne.
Ibrahim Narambada
Ibrahim Narambada ko Narambada kamar yadda a kafi sanin sa (1890-1963).
An haifi Narambada a shekarar 1890, Mahaifinsa, Maidangwale dan asalin Jamhuriyar Nijar ne, a kasar Filinge, amma ya zo garin Tubali ya zauna kuma a nan ya auri mahaifiyar Narambada. Maidangwale dai shahararren dan dambe ne. An haifi Narambada a garin Tubali kuma a nan ya yi Karatun, ya yi rayuwarsa duka. Mahaifiyar Narambada kuwa makidiya ce, don haka, a iya cewa ya yi gadon kida ne daga wurinta.
Suna Narambada
Ya samu sunan Narambada ne dalilin wata karyarsa da ake ce wa Rambada, don haka, sai aka yi masa lakabi da Narambada.
Fara tashe
Tarihi ya nuna cewa Narambada ya budi ido ne ya ga kayan kidan kotso a dakin mahaifiyarsa, wanda ita ma na mahaifinta ne ta yi gado. Narambada ya fara ne da kidan Noma Wata rana sai ya yi kidan noman kauyensu a fadar Sarkin Gobir na garin Isa (jahar Sokoto a yanzu) Da aka ji dadin wakar da kuma yadda yake da kwarewa da hikima, sai aka mayar da shi birni ya zamo makadin Gobir. Don haka, ya cigaba da yi wa Amadu Sarkin Gobir waka.
Shahara
Narambada ya yi wakoki da dama a rayuwarsa kamar su "Ya ci maza ya kwan yana shiri, uban zakara, dodo na Ummaru" da "Batun da akai na yau babu Sarki yau irin ka,/ Jikan Bello arna suna shakkak ka" da "Alkalin Alkalai ta aiki nai da tsari" da "Masu gari mazan gabas tsayayye, Sarkin Rwahi ya wuce a ram mai" da dai sauransu. Farfesa Aliyu Bunza na jami'ar Usmanu Danfodiyo da ke Sakkwato ya ce "a ganina dukkanin kasar Zamfara ba a yi mawakin da ya kai Narambada ba. Kuma ba a kasarsa kawai yake waka ba. Ma'anar, duk duniyar Kasar Hausa." Yawancin wakokinsa ya yi amfani da kalamai na hikima da zalaka, wanda ya sa wakokinsa suka fita daban da na sauran mawakan Hausa. Misali a wakar da ya yi wa Sarkin Gobir, ya yi amfani da salo na hikima da fasaha inda yake cewa: "Na aje karya ko ina kidi, Na bar karya ko ina kidi, Nai sitting, saba'in ni ka hwata, Mai saba'in yai karya ana ta zunde nai, Ko yaran da ag garai du wawwatse mashi sukai, Yana yawo shi dai baram-baram".
Adadin Wakokin sa
Babu wani cikakken adadi na wakokin da Narambada ya yi, amma Farfesa Bunza ya ce "Wasu su kan ce ya yi wakoki sun kai dari ko dari da wani abu amma iyakar binciken da mu ka yi, kusan sama da shekaru ashirin da wani abu gaskiya ni hamsin na samu, wadanda na rubuta da kai na, na saurara, na tabbatar sun rubutu, na ajiye." Farfesa Bunza ya ce ko wane irin mawaki da irin fasaha da hikima da zalaka da Allah ya hore masa. "Allah ya hore masa waka, amma shi Narambada ba a nan take yake yin ta ba. Idan zai yi maka waka, zai je gida ya tsara ta, a yinin da zai yi wakar, ba zai yi hulda da kowa ba. "Haka wasu yaransa suka shaida mana. In ya kare tsara ta, sai ya kira yaransa, sai su rera. Wakar Narambada in zai yi ta, zuba waka ake zube-ban-kwarya," in ji Farfesa Bunza. Wato dai Narambada ba ya rubuta waka sai dai ya tsara ta a zuciyarsa. Idan ya gama tsarawa sai ya gaya wa yaransa ya ce shaida masu amshin wakar su yi ta maimaitawa har ya zauna masu, sannan a je a rera ta. Akwai wakar Narambada da ya yi ikirarin cewa ba zai mutu ba. Ya ce: "Narambada ba ya zuwa lahira, ko ya je dawowa ya kai, Hwadawa ku bugan in buge ku, Mui ta fadan mu gidan duniya, kun san ba a hwada lahira, kun san kuka zuwa lahira, Narambada ba ya zuwa lahira, ko ya je dawowa ya kai, gama kun san dauke mai a kai." Masana sun fassara wadannan kalamai na Narambada a matsayin cewa dalilin wakokinsa ba zai "mutu" ba tunda har yanzu tsawon shekaru bayan rasuwarsa ana sauraren wakokinsa. Farfesa Bunza ya ce "maganarsa ta tabbata. Fadawa ke mutuwa- da Bafade ya mutu, a fada an manta da shi. Da Sarki ya mutu, a fada an manta da shi, an yi wani. Amma idan zakaran mawaka ya mutu, ba mutuwa ya yi ba. "Har yanzu ga Narambada ba shi duniya, ana maganarsa, ana jin maganarsa. Ina fadawa suke? Saboda haka duk wani mawaki da ya san kan sa, ya yi luguden wakar, to bai mutu ba, yana nan a raye!" Ana iya cewa wannan na daga cikin irin hikima da basira da iya salon magana da Allah Ya bai wa Alhaji Ibrahim Narambada.
Jainanci
Jainanci ko Jainism addini ne mai asali daga Indiya wanda yake koyar da cewa "dukkan al'amuran da ke faruwa a sararin samaniya suna faruwa ne sabili da kansu, bazuwar, daidaitattu kuma suna da 'yanci daga al'amuran da suka gabata ko dalilan waje ko kuma allah": falsafar Jain ita ce tsohuwar falsafar Indiya wacce rarrabe jiki (al'amari) da rai (sani) gaba daya. Tana karantar da cewa duniya tana dawwama kuma cewa kowane mai rai yana da rai wanda yake da ikon ya zama masani (mai lura da duk abubuwan da suka faru). Rai wanda yayi nasara akan maƙiyanta na ciki kamar haɗewa, haɗama, girman kai, da sauransu ana kiranta jina wanda ke nufin nasara ko nasara (akan jahilci). Littafin Jainism mai tsarki shine Pravachansara.
Antananarivo
Antananarivo ko Tananarive birni ne, da ke a ƙasar Madagaskar. Shi ne babban birnin tattalin ƙasar Madagaskar. Antananarivo yana da yawan jama'a 1,613,375, bisa ga jimillar 2005. An gina birnin Antananarivo a farkon karni na sha bakwai.
Gado a Musulunci
Gado shi ne al'adar karɓar dukiya, mukamai, basussuka, gata, haƙƙoƙi, da wajibai bayan mutuwar mamallakinsu. Dokokin gado sun bambanta tsakanin al'ummomi kuma sun canza a tsawon lokaci. Bayar da kadarori masu zaman kansu da/ko basussuka bisa hukuma na iya yin ta ta hanyar wasiyya, kamar yadda notary ko wasu hanyoyin halal suka tabbatar.
Kalmomi
A shari’a, magaji shi ne mutumin da ke da hakkin ya sami kaso na dukiyar mamaci (wanda ya rasu), bisa ka’idojin gado a hurumin da mamacin dan kasa ne ko kuma inda marigayin (marigayi ya rasu). ) ya mutu ko ya mallaki dukiya a lokacin mutuwa.
Gadon yana iya kasancewa ko dai a ƙarƙashin sharuɗɗan wasiyya ko kuma ta dokokin ƙasa idan marigayin ba shi da wasiyya. Koyaya, wasiyyar dole ne ta bi ka'idodin ikon a lokacin da aka ƙirƙira ta ko kuma a ce ba ta da inganci (alal misali, wasu jihohin ba su amince da wasiyyin da aka rubuta da hannu ba a matsayin inganci, ko kuma a cikin takamaiman yanayi) sannan kuma a yi amfani da dokokin haɗin gwiwa. .
Keɓanta daga gadon wanda ya kasance magaji a cikin wasiyyar da ta gabata, ko kuma ana sa ran zai gaji, ana kiransa “rashin gado”.
Mutum ba ya zama magaji kafin mutuwar mamacin, tun da a lokacin ne ake tantance ainihin mutanen da ke da hakkin cin gado. Mambobin masu mulki ko na sarakuna da ake sa ran za su zama magada, ana kiransu magada idan na farko a layi kuma ba za a iya raba su daga gado ta hanyar wani da'awar ba; in ba haka ba, su magada ne. Akwai ƙarin ra'ayi game da gadon haɗin gwiwa, wanda ke jiran renunciation da kowa sai ɗaya, wanda ake kira coparceny.
A cikin dokar zamani, kalmomin gado da magada suna magana ne kawai ga gado ga dukiya ta zuriyar mamaci da ke mutuwa. Masu karɓar kadarorin da aka yi nasara a ƙarƙashin wasiyya ana kiransu gabaɗaya masu cin gajiyar , kuma musamman suna ƙirƙira don dukiya ta gaske, wasiyya don kadarorin mutum (sai dai kuɗi), ko wakilai don kuɗi.
Sai dai a wasu hukunce-hukuncen da ba za a iya raba wa mutum gado bisa doka ba (kamar jihar Louisiana ta Amurka, wacce ke ba da izinin raba gado kawai a ƙarƙashin takamaiman yanayi). Ana iya raba mutumin da zai zama magaji a ƙarƙashin dokokin ƙasa gaba ɗaya a misali na wasiyyar ɗan wasan barkwanci Jerry Lewis ; wasiyyarsa ta musamman ya raba wa 'ya'yansa shida gadon matarsa ta farko., da zuriyarsu, ya bar dukan dukiyarsa ga matarsa ta biyu).
Tarihi
An yi cikakken nazarin ilimin ɗan Adam da zamantakewa game da al'adun gadon uba, inda ƴaƴa maza kaɗai ke iya gado. Wasu al'adu kuma suna amfani da gadon matrilineal, inda dukiya ba za ta iya wucewa ta layin mata ba, yawanci suna zuwa ga 'ya'yan 'yar'uwar da aka haifa; amma kuma, a wasu al’ummomi, tun daga uwa zuwa ‘ya’yanta mata. Wasu tsoffin al'ummomi da mafi yawan jihohin zamani suna ɗaukar gadon adalci, ba tare da nuna bambanci dangane da jinsi da/ko tsarin haihuwa ba.
Dokokin Yahudawa
Gadon na ubansa ne. Uban—wato, wanda ya mallaki ƙasar—ya ba da gado ga zuriyarsa maza ne kaɗai, saboda haka Ƙasar Alkawari ta wuce daga uba Bayahude zuwa ga ’ya’yansa. .
Idan babu 'ya'ya maza masu rai, ko zuriyar 'ya'ya maza na dā, 'ya'ya mata sun gaji. A cikin Littafin Ƙidaya ta 27, ’ya’yan Zelofehad (Mahlah, Noa, Hogla, Milka, da Tirza) na kabilar Manassa suka zo wurin Musa suka nemi gādon mahaifinsu, da yake ba su da ’yan’uwa. An tsara tsarin rabon gado: 'ya'yan mutum maza su fara gado, 'ya'ya mata idan ba maza, 'yan'uwa idan ba su da 'ya'ya, da dai sauransu.
Daga baya, a cikin Littafin Ƙidaya sura 36, wasu shugabannin iyalan kabilar Manassa suka zo wurin Musa suka nuna cewa, idan ’ya mace ta yi gādo, ta kuma auri wanda ba na kabilarta ba, ƙasarta za ta rabu da na kabilarta ta haihuwa. gado a cikin aurenta-kabilarta. Don haka an ɗora wani ƙarin doka: idan diya ta gaji ƙasa, sai ta auri wani daga cikin kabilar mahaifinta. 'Ya'yan Zelofehad suka auri 'ya'yan 'yan'uwan mahaifinsu. Babu alamar cewa wannan ba zabinsu bane. )
The tractate Baba Bathra, wanda aka rubuta a lokacin marigayi Antiquity a Babila, ya yi magana sosai game da batutuwan mallakar dukiya da gado bisa ga Dokar Yahudawa. Sauran ayyukan Dokar Rabbinical, irin su Hilkhot naḥalot: mi-sefer Mishneh Torah leha-Rambam, da Sefer ha-yerushot: ʻim yeter ha-mikhtavim be-divre ha-halakhah be-ʻAravit uve-ʻIvrit uve- Aramit  kuma yana magance matsalolin gado. Na farko, sau da yawa ana rage shi zuwa Mishneh Torah, Maimonides ne ya rubuta shi kuma yana da mahimmanci a al'adar Yahudawa.
Duk waɗannan bayanai sun yarda cewa ɗan fari yana da hakkin ya sami kashi biyu na dukiyar mahaifinsa. Wannan yana nufin cewa, misali, idan uba ya bar ’ya’ya maza biyar, ɗan fari ya karɓi kashi ɗaya bisa uku na dukiyar kuma kowane ɗayan huɗu ya karɓi na shida. Idan ya bar 'ya'ya tara, ɗan fari zai karɓi na biyar, kowane ɗayan takwas kuma zai karɓi ɗari ɗaya. Idan ɗan fari ba ɗan fari ba ne, ba zai sami rabo biyu ba.
Philo na Iskandariya da Josephus suma sunyi tsokaci akan dokokin gadon yahudawa, yana yaba su sama da sauran ka’idojin dokokin zamaninsu. Sun kuma yarda cewa ɗan fari dole ne ya karɓi kashi biyu na dukiyar ubansa.
Dokokin Kirista
Da farko, Kiristanci ba shi da nasa al'adun gado da ya bambanta da addinin Yahudanci. Da hawan sarki Constantine a shekara ta 306, Kiristoci duka sun fara nisantar da kansu daga addinin Yahudanci kuma suna da tasiri a kan doka da ayyukan cibiyoyi na duniya. Tun daga farko, wannan ya haɗa da gado. Ayyukan ɗaukan Romawa wata manufa ce ta musamman, domin ana ganin ya ci karo da koyarwar Yahudu da Kiristanci na primogeniture. Kamar yadda Stephanie Coonz takardu a cikin aure, tarihi (Penguin, 2006), ba wai kawai nasara bane, aikace-aikacen ba kowa ya canza a cikin Yammacin Turai daga wani samfurin Greco-Roman zuwa A Tsarin Judeo-Kirista, bisa ga ƙa'idodin Littafi Mai-Tsarki da na al'ada na Yahudu-Kirista. Canjin ya kasance cikakke a tsakiyar zamanai, kodayake a cikin ƙasashen Ingilishi an sami ƙarin ci gaba a ƙarƙashin rinjayar Furotesta. Ko a lokacin da Turai ta zama mai zaman kanta kuma Kiristanci ya dushe a baya, harsashin doka na Kiristendam ya kasance. Sai a zamanin fikihu na zamani ne aka samu gagarumin sauyi.
Dokokin Musulunci
Alkur'ani ya gabatar da wasu hakkoki daban-daban da bayar da cikakken hakki a kan sha'anin gado, da suka hada da inganta rayuwar mata da rayuwar iyali idan aka kwatanta da al'ummomin jahiliyya da suka wanzu a yankin Larabawa a lokacin da. Bugu da kari, Alkur'ani ya gabatar da karin magada wadanda ba su cancanci gado ba a zamanin jahiliyya, inda ya ambaci dangi tara musamman wadanda shida mata ne uku kuma maza. Sai dai hakkin gadon mata ya kasance bai kai na maza ba domin a Musulunci a koda yaushe wani yana da alhakin kula da abin da mace za ta kashe. Kamar yadda Alqur’ani 4:11 ya nuna, alal misali, ɗa yana da hakkin ya ninka rabon gadon ‘ya mace. Alkur'ani ya kuma gabatar da kokarin gyara dokokin gado, da kuma samar da cikakken tsarin shari'a. Wannan ci gaban ya bambanta da al'ummomin jahiliyya inda ka'idojin gado suka bambanta sosai. Baya ga sauye-sauyen da suka gabata, Alkur'ani ya sanya takunkumi a kan ikon wasiyya na musulmi wajen zubar da dukiyarsa. Ayoyi uku na Alqur'ani, sura 4:11; 4:12 da 4:176, sun ba da takamaiman bayani game da gado da rabon gado, baya ga wasu ayoyi kalilan da suka yi magana game da wasiyya. Amma wannan bayani ya kasance mafari ne daga malaman fikihu musulmi wadanda suka kara fayyace hukunce-hukuncen gado har ma da yin amfani da Hadisi, da hanyoyin tunani na fikihu kamar Kiyasi. A zamanin yau, ana ɗaukar gado a matsayin wani ɓangare na Shari'a kuma aikace-aikacensa ga Musulmai wajibi ne, kodayake yawancin mutane (duba tsarin gado na Tarihi ), duk da kasancewarsu musulmi, suna da wasu al'adun gado.
Rashin daidaito
Rarraba dukiyar da aka gada ya bambanta sosai tsakanin al'adu da tsarin shari'a daban-daban. A cikin al'ummomi masu amfani da dokar farar hula, alal misali, haƙƙin 'ya'ya na gadon dukiya daga iyaye a cikin ƙayyadaddun rabon da aka riga aka tsara an sanya shi a cikin doka, har zuwa ka'idar Hammurabi (ca. 1750 BC). A cikin Jihar Louisiana ta kasar Amurka, jihar kawai ta Amurka inda tsarin shari'a ya samo asali daga Napoleonic Code, ana kiran wannan tsarin a matsayin " masu gadon tilastawa " wanda ya hana cin gadon yara balagaggu sai dai wasu ƴan ƙayyadaddun dalilai da suka wajabtawa iyaye don tabbatarwa. Sauran al'adun shari'a, musamman a cikin al'ummatai masu amfani da doka na gama gari, suna ba da damar raba gado duk yadda mutum yake so, ko kuma a ba da gado ga kowane yaro saboda wadansu dalilai.
A cikin yanayin gadon da bai yi daidai ba, yawancin na iya samun ɗan kaɗan yayin da ƙaramin adadi ne kawai za su gaji adadi mai girma. Ya yi ƙasa da kimar kasuwancin da aka fara baiwa ɗa, musamman ma idan ɗa ya mallaki kasuwancin miliyoyin daloli, amma duk da haka ana baiwa 'yar ma'auni na ainihin gadon da ya kai kasa da kimar kasuwancin da aka fara baiwa dan. Ana ganin wannan musamman a cikin tsoffin al'adun duniya, amma yana ci gaba a cikin iyalai da yawa har ya zuwa yau.
Hujjojin kawar da gadon tilas sun hada da ‘yancin mallakar dukiya da kuma cancantar rabon kadarori na daidaikun jama’a a kan kwace dukiyar gwamnati da sake rabon su, amma hakan bai warware abin da wasu ke yi ba. Bayyana a matsayin matsalar rashin daidaiton gado. Dangane da rashin daidaiton gado, wasu masana tattalin arziki da zamantakewa sun fi mayar da hankali ne kan yadda ake yada kudaden shiga ko dukiya wanda aka ce yana da tasiri kai tsaye ga motsi (ko rashin motsi) da matsayi a cikin al'umma. Kasashe sun bambanta kan tsarin siyasa da zabin manufofin da ke tafiyar da mika mulki.
Bisa kididdigar gwamnatin tarayya ta Amurka da Mark Zandi ya tattara a cikin shekarar 1985, yawan gadon Amurka ya kai dala 39,000. A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, jimillar adadin gadon shekara-shekara ya ninka fiye da ninki biyu, wanda ya kai kusan dala biliyan 200. Nan da shekara ta 2050, za a yi kiyasin dala tiriliyan 25 da za a watsa gadan gadan gadan-gadan.
Wasu masu bincike sun danganta wannan tasowa da tsarar jarirai. A tarihi, ƴan jarirai su ne mafi girma na kwararar yara da aka haifa bayan WW2. Don haka, Thomas Shapiro ya ba da shawarar cewa wannan tsarar "suna tsakiyar cin gajiyar gado mafi girma a tarihi". Dukiyar da aka gada na iya taimakawa wajen bayyana dalilin da yasa yawancin Amurkawa da suka yi arziƙi ƙila sun sami "farawa mai mahimmanci". A cikin watan Satumba na shekarar  2012, bisa ga Cibiyar Nazarin Siyasa, "fiye da kashi 60" na Forbes mafi arziki 400 Amirkawa "sun girma cikin gata mai mahimmanci", kuma sau da yawa (amma ba koyaushe) sun sami gado mai mahimmanci ba.
Tasirin zamantakewa
An yi iƙirarin cewa gado yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci a cikin zamantakewa. Gado muhimmin bangare ne na iyali, tattalin arziki, da cibiyoyi na shari'a, da kuma ainihin hanyar haduwar kawunan al'umma. Haka kuma yana shafar rabon arziki a matakin al'umma. Jimillar tasirin rabon gado a kan sakamakon rarrabuwa yana ɗaukar nau'i uku, a cewar masana da suka yi nazarin batun.
Sigar farko ta gado ita ce gadon jarin al'adu (watau salon harshe, mafi girman matsayi na zamantakewa, da abubuwan da ake so). Hanya ta biyu ta gado shi ne ta hanyar shiga tsakani na iyali ta hanyar canja wurin inter vivos (watau kyauta tsakanin masu rai), musamman a lokuta masu mahimmanci a cikin darussan rayuwa. Misalai sun haɗa da lokacin matakan ci gaban yaro, kamar zuwa kwaleji, yin aure, samun aiki, da siyan gida. Nau'i na uku na gado shi ne canja wurin kadarori masu yawa a lokacin mutuwar masu yin shaida, don haka yana haifar da fa'idar tattalin arziki mai yawa ga yara a lokacin girma. Asalin kwanciyar hankali na rashin daidaito abu ne (dukiyoyi na sirri mutum zai iya samu) kuma yana da al'ada, tushen ko dai a cikin nau'o'in tarbiyyar yara da suka dace da zamantakewa bisa ga zamantakewar zamantakewa da matsayi na tattalin arziki. Ayyukan renon yara a tsakanin waɗanda suka gaji dukiya na iya kasancewa wajen fifita wasu ƙungiyoyi a kashe wasu a ƙasan tsarin zamantakewa.
Illolin zamantakewa da tattalin arziki na rashin daidaiton gado
Sau da yawa, tsirarun kabilanci ko addini da kuma daidaikun mutane daga cikin marasa galihu suna samun ƙarancin gado da dukiya.Sakamakon a iya keɓance gaurayawan jinsi a cikin gata na gado kuma suna iya yin hayan gidaje ko zama a unguwannin matalauta, da kuma samun ƙarancin ilimi idan aka kwatanta da turawa a Amurka. Mutanen da ke da ɗimbin dukiya da gado sukan yi aure tare da sauran jama'a iri ɗaya don kare dukiyoyinsu da tabbatar da ci gaba da rarraba gado a cikin tsararraki; don haka dawwamar da zagayowar gata.
Kasashen da ke da mafi girman kudin shiga da rashin daidaiton arziki galibi suna da mafi girman adadin kisan kai da cututtuka (kamar kiba, ciwon sukari, da hauhawar jini) wanda ke haifar da yawan mace-mace. Wani labarin The New York Times ya bayyana cewa Amurka ita ce kasa mafi arziki a duniya, amma "ta yi matsayi na ashirin da tara a tsawon rayuwa, a bayan Jordan da Bosnia" kuma "tana da mafi girman adadin mace-mace na biyu na kwatankwacin kasashen OECD". An yi la'akari da wannan a matsayin babban gibin rashin daidaiton gado a cikin ƙasa, ko da yake akwai wasu dalilai a fili irin su araha na kiwon lafiya.
Lokacin da rashin daidaiton zamantakewa da tattalin arziki da ya ta'allaka kan gado ke gudana ta hanyar manyan cibiyoyin zamantakewa kamar iyali, ilimi, addini, da dai sauransu, waɗannan damar rayuwa daban-daban ana jayayya cewa ana yada su daga kowane tsara. Sakamakon haka, an yi imanin wannan rashin daidaituwa ya zama wani ɓangare na tsarin zamantakewa gaba ɗaya.
Gadon dadaddiyar dukiya
Gadon daɗaɗɗiyar dukiya, shi ne gadon kuɗi da ake bayarwa ga tsararraki waɗanda ba su samu ba. Dynastic arziki yana da alaƙa da kalmar Plutocracy. An yi rubuce-rubuce da yawa game da haɓaka da tasirin dukiyar daular da ta haɗa da littafin da aka fi sayar da jari a cikin ƙarni na ashirin da ɗaya na masanin tattalin arzikin Faransa Thomas Piketty.
Amsar Soviet ga gado
Kamar yadda tsarin gurguzu ya kafu akan ka'idar Marxist Labor Theory of Value, duk wani kudi da aka tattara a tsawon rayuwa yana da hujja idan ya dogara ne akan 'ya'yan aikin mutum na kansa ba daga cin gajiyar wasu ba. Gwamnatin kwaminisanci ta farko da aka kafa bayan juyin juya halin Rasha ta yanke shawarar soke haƙƙin gado, tare da wasu keɓantacce.
Haraji
Jihohi da yawa suna da harajin gado ko harajin gidaje, wanda a ƙarƙashinsa wani kaso na kowane gado ko ƙasa ya zama kudaden shiga na gwamnati.
Isaac Mensah (an wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, an haife shi a shekara ta 2002)
Isaac Mensah (an haife shi 7 ga watan Fabrairu shekarar 2002) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Ghana wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan gaba a ƙungiyar Gwagwala firimiya ta Ghana Accra Hearts of Oak.
Sana'a
Mensah ya fara aikinsa da kungiyar matasa Royals SC a Konongo a yankin Ashanti. Daga baya ya koma kungiyar Nkoranza Warriors ta Ghana Division One. Kafin a soke wasannin gasar a Ghana saboda annobar COVID-19, ya zura kwallaye 8 ciki har da zura kwallaye 4 a karawar da suka yi da Yendi Gbewaa FC. Ya koma Hearts of Oak a watan Yuli shekarar 2020 gabanin gasar Premier ta Ghana ta 2020 – 21. Kamar yadda a 7 Maris shekarar 2021, ya zira kwallaye 3 a gasar.
Girmamawa
Zuciyar Oak
Amobi Okoye
Amobi Okoye (An haife shi ranar 10 ga watan Yuni, 1987). Ɗan asalin Nijeriya ne wanda aka haifa a fagen tsaron ƙwallon Amurka. Ya buga wasan kwallon kafa a kwaleji a Louisville kuma Houston Texans ta tsara ta goma gabaɗaya a cikin 2007 NFL Draft, ƙaramin ɗan wasa a tarihin NFL da za a tsara a zagayen farko a 19. Ya kuma kasance memba na Chicago Bears, Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Dallas Cowboys, da Saskatchewan Roughriders.
Farkon Rayuwa
Okoye an haifeshi ne a jihar Anambra, Nigeria,   dan kabilar Ibo ne. Ya koma Huntsville, Alabama a Amurka lokacin yana ɗan shekara 12. Bayan ya kwashe makonni biyu kawai a makarantar sakandare, ya yi gwaji zuwa aji na 9. Ya fara fara wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a matsayin ɗan aji biyu a Lee High School, ba tare da sanin komai game da wasan ba kafin kocin sa na makarantar sakandare ya ba da shawarar ya je ya buga ƙwallon Madden NFL don koyo. A lokacin da ya kasance babba, ya sami nasarar girmamawa ga dukkan Stateungiyoyin Jiha na farko a matsayin mai tsaron gida da mai laushi. Saboda yana da suna kamar na tsohon shugaban Kansas City Chiefs, Christian Okoye, wasu majiyoyi sun yi iƙirarin cewa su biyun suna da dangantaka. Amobi ya ce ba su da dangi, amma dangin biyu suna zaune ne a kusa da Najeriya.
Kwalejin Aiki
A Louisville, Okoye ya karanci ilmin halitta. Daga baya ya sauya karatunsa na farko zuwa ilimin halayyar dan adam kuma ya kammala zangon karatu da wuri, don haka ya kammala karatun sa a cikin shekaru uku da rabi. A 16, ya zama ƙarami ɗan wasa a cikin NCAA. Okoye ya taka leda a dukkan wasannin 13 a matsayin dan wasa na farko a fagen kare kai kuma an yaba masa da takala 17 da buhu. Ya yi rikodin aiki-mafi kyau sau uku a kan Tulane kuma ya yi rikodin aikinsa na farko a kan UTEP.
Farfesa
Farfesa matsayi ne a jami'a ko kuma manyan makarantun ilimi.