cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Masallacin Pipeline
Wuri da gine-gine
Masallacin yana gefen yamma da titin Kairaba Avenue (tsohon suna: Hanyar Pipeline) a Serekunda. girman masallacinsa yana kuma kusa da mita 30 × 65. Masallacin yana da fasali irin na tsarin musulunci kamar su minaret da facade. Masallacin ya fi kusa da Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka a Banjul.
Bruno Paz
Bruno Lourenço Pinto de Almeida Paz (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga watan Afrilu 1998) ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ke taka leda a kulob din Süper Lig Konyaspor a matsayin mai tsaron gida. An haife shi a Portugal, yana buga wa tawagar kasar Angola wasa.
Badra Ali Sangaré
Badra Ali Sangaré (an haife shi 30 ga watan Mayu 1986) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Ivory Coast wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida ga JDR Stars da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ivory Coast.
Bruno Paz
Aikin ƙwallon ƙafa
A ranar 6 ga watan Agusta 2016, Paz ya fara halarta na farko tare da Sporting B a wasan 2016-17 LigaPro da Portimonense.
Paz ya fara buga wasansa na farko a kulobɗin Sporting CP a watan Disamba 2018, lokacin da ya kasance mai maye gurbin na mintina 73 a wasan da ci 3-0 na gasar Europa da Vorskla Poltava. A ranar 23 ga watan Mayu 2022, Paz ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru biyu (tare da zaɓin tsawaita shekara ɗaya) tare da kulob ɗin Konyaspor a Turkiyya.
Badra Ali Sangaré
Ayyukan kasa
Kiran farko da Sangaré ya samu daga tawagar 'yan wasan Ivory Coast ta kasance a ranar 27 ga Maris 2009 da Malawi. A baya can, ya taka leda tare da tawagar Ivory Coast U-23 a 2008 Toulon Tournament da UEMOA Tournament. Ya wakilci kasar Cote d'Ivoire a gasar Olympics ta lokacin zafi ta 2008 a nan birnin Beijing. Ya kuma buga gasar cin kofin kasashen Afrika biyu.
Bruno Paz
Ayyukan kasa da kasa
An haifi Paz a Portugal iyayensa 'yan Angola ne. Shi matashi ne na kasa-da-kasa na Portugal, wanda ya buga wasa har zuwa Portugal U20s. An kira shi zuwa tawagar kasar Angola don buga wasannin neman tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin Afrika na 2023 a watan Maris 2023.
Christina Sussiek
Christina Sussiek (an haife ta ne a ranar 4 ga watan Maris na shekarar 1960 a garin Werther) 'yar wasa ce mai ritaya wacce ta wakilci Yammacin Jamus. Ta kware a wasan tsere da tsalle mai tsayi, sannan ta fafata a kulob din LG Bayer Leverkusen.
A Gasar Waje ta Jamus a shekarar( 1980) ta kuma kammala a matsayi na biyu a tseren mita (100 da 200 ) sau biyu kawai a takaice kuma bayan munanan fadace-fadace da zakarar tseren olympic da ba za a iya cin nasara ba Annegret Richter ta yi nasara.
A ranar (30) ga watan Janairu shekara ta (1981) a Dortmund ta gudanar da sabon tarihin duniya na( 3: 34,38) mintuna a cikin mita (4 x 400 ) tare da kungiyar kwallon kafar Jamus ta Yamma. Tawagar ta kunshi Heidi-Elke Gaugel, Christina Sussiek, Christiane Brinkmann da Gaby Bußmann.
Sussiek ta gama a na biyar a tsalle mai tsalle a Gasar Cikin Gida ta Turai ta shekarar (1981)kuma ta sami lambar tagulla a mita (200 ) a Gasar Cikin Gida ta Turai ta shekara ta (1983) Bugu da kari ta halarci gasar wasannin Olympics ta lokacin bazara ta shekarar (1984) relay (4 × 400 m)  da shekara ta (1983) World Championship (tsalle mai tsayi) da kuma gasar cin kofin cikin gida ta Turai a shekarar( 1988 ) mita (400 ) ba tare da nasara ba.
Alaeddine Abbès
Alaeddine Abbès (an haife shi a ranar 6 ga watan Fabrairun shekarar 1990) shi ne kuma ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Tunusiya da ke buga wa Al-Washm a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya mai kai hari. Ya kasance memba na kungiyar FIFA a shekarar 2007 U-17 World Cup.
Gudrun Scholz
Gudrun Scholz née Scheller (an haife tane a 14 Janairun shekarata 1940) ta kasan ce Yar wasan Hoki na kasar Jamus.
Ntiero Effiom
Ntiero Effiom (22 Nuwamba 1946-10 Satumba 2014) kocin ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Najeriya wanda ya jagoranci Pelican Stars da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta Najeriya.
Gudrun Scholz
Wasa
A farkon shekarar 1960s, ta shiga ƙungiyar hockey ta filin Eintracht Braunschweig. Tare da kulab ɗin ta, ta ci taken Jamus sau tara. Ta kuma buga wasanni 30 gaba daya ga kungiyar kwallon kafar Jamus ta Yamma.
Tare da Yammacin Jamus, Scholz ya lashe Kofin Duniya na Hockey na Mata a 1976. Ta zira kwallaye biyun ne a wasan karshe, wasan da ta doke Argentina da ci biyu da nema.
A cikin 1977, aka ba Scholz lambar yabo ta Silbernes Lorbeerblatt da Paul-Reinberg-Plakette, kyauta mafi girma ta Tarayyar Hockey ta Jamus. A cikin 1988, an shigar da ita cikin zauren shahara na Instituteasar Saxon Cibiyar Tarihin Wasanni.
Samuel Okpodu
Samuel Okpodu (an haife shi 7 Oktoba 1962) manajan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Najeriya.
Sana'a
Okpodu shi ne shugabar kocin tawagar mata ta Najeriya a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA 2003.
A cikin watan Maris 2021, Okpodu an nada shi babban kocin Maryland Bobcats FC a cikin ƙungiyar Ƙwallon ƙafa mai Zaman Kanta ta Ƙasa.
GriGris
GriGris fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Faransa da Chadi na 2013 wanda Mahamat Saleh Haroun ya jagoranta, tare da Soulémane Démé, Mariam Monory, Cyril Guei da Marius Yelolo. Kimanin wani matashi ne ɗan shekara 25 da gurguwar kafa da ya yi mafarkin zama ɗan rawa, kuma ya fara aiki da gungun masu safarar man fetur. An shirya fim ɗin ta hanyar Fina-finan Faransanci na Pili tare da tallafin haɗin gwiwa daga Chad Goï Goï Productions. Hakanan ya sami tallafi daga Canal+, Ciné+, TV5Monde, Canal Horizons da CNC. An fara yin fim a ranar 29 ga Oktoba 2012.
An zabi fim ɗin don Palme d'Or a 2013 Cannes Film Festival kuma ya lashe kyautar Vulcan. An zaɓi fim ɗin azaman shigarwar mutanen Chadi don Mafi kyawun Fim ɗin Harshen Waje a 86th Academy Awards, amma ba a zaɓi shi ba. An kuma nuna fim ɗin a bikin Fim na Denver na 36.
DP75: Tartina City
DP75: Tartina City fim ne mai ban mamaki na 2007 na darektan Chadi Issa Serge Coelo, yanzu a fim ɗinsa na biyu. Fim din ya lashe lambar yabo ta Innovation a bikin 31st Montreal World Film Festival. Yayin da ƙasar da aka kafa wannan mataki har yanzu ba a bayyana sunanta ba, abin da ke faruwa shi ne na tarihin Chadi a shekarun 1980 da 1990. An ɗauko taken sunan daga “tartina”, cakuda burodi da hanjin tumaki da aka yi wa fursunoni.
liyafa
An sake nazarin fim ɗin da kyau ta hanyar Iri-iri, wanda yayin da yake lura da "ci gaban labari mai ban tsoro da kuma ƙaramin fasaha na fasaha" na fasalin, ya yanke hukunci ya shawo kan waɗannan matsalolin ta hanyar sanya a tsakiyar adadi na Kanar Koulbou, wanda fassararsa ta yaba. Mai bita ya ƙare yana cewa "Coelo yana nuna sadaukarwa ga matsalolin zamantakewa wanda ke nuna shi a matsayin mai shirya fina-finai don kallo daga yankin." Jeune Afrique kuma yana bitar fim ɗin da kyau, "fim mai tsauri sosai, ba tare da wani rangwame ga kyawawan halaye ba. . . Hotunanta na danyan danyan lokaci sun firgita ’yan kallo a wasu lokuta, amma marubucin ya kan guje wa fadawa cikin sha’awa don kwatanta shahadar ƴancin ra’ayi.”
Kalala (fim)
Kalala, fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na ƙasar Chadi shekara ta 2006 wanda Mahamat-Saleh Haroun ya shirya kuma ya shirya.
Fim ɗin yabo ne ga wani abokin Haroun, Kalala wanda aka fi sani da Hissein Djibrine, a matsayin nunin tunawa da rashin lafiya na babban abokinsa wanda ya mutu sakamakon Aids a 2003.
Fim ɗin ya yi fice a ranar 20 ga Agusta 2021. Fim ɗin ya sami ra'ayi iri-iri daga masu suka kuma an nuna shi a cikin bukukuwan fina-finai da yawa.
Daniel Paye
Daniel Y. Paye (an haife shi a ranar 7 ga watan Oktoba, shekara ta 2000) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Laberiya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron baya ga kulob din Danish 1st Division Jammerbugt da kuma tawagar ƙasar Laberiya.
Aikin kulob
Daga 2019 zuwa 2021, Paye ya taka leda a FC Bea Mountain. A cikin 2021, ya koma kulob din Danish Jammerbugt kan yarjejeniyar shekaru uku.
Ayyukan kasa da kasa
Paye ya fara buga wa tawagar kasar Laberiya a wasan sada zumunci da suka yi da Mauritania a ranar 11 ga Yuni 2021.
Farida Kabir
Farida Kabir (an haife ta ranar 25 ga watan Yuli, a shekara ta alif ɗari tara da casa'in da biyu 992) Miladiyya (A.c). Kwararriya ce kuma masaniyar Kimiyya a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a, tana aiki ne a Najeriya, kuma ta kasance yar kasuwa ce mai fasaha, kuma tana cikin ƙungiyar da ke jagorantar Google Women TechMakers, kuma mai ba da shawara ga kungiyar cigaban Google Developmenter, Abuja. Har illa yau ita ce ta kafa kuma shugabar ƙungiya mai suna OTRAC, tana amfani da tsarin e-health wajen gudanar da tsare tsaren Gudanar da Kiwon Lafiya (H-LMS) wanda ke ba da abubuwan da ke cikin girgije na likitocin likita. An ambaci Farida a cikin manyan matan Najeriya da suka yi fice, a cikin mata 100 na Najeriya, anyi hakan ne a shekarar 2019.
Ilimi
Faridar Kabir ta yi karatu a Jami’ar Ahmadu Bello, Zariya, Najeriya daga Janairu shekarata 2009 zuwa Afrilun shekarar 2014, tana karatun digiri a fannin Kimiyyar kere-kere
Aiki
Tana aiki a fannin fasaha na kiwon lafiya. Ita mai haɓaka software ce, mai tsara UI / UX, mai magana da yawun jama'a, mai horar da 'yankasuwa mai fasaha da ke mai da hankali kan ƙaddamar da fasaha a cikin ayyukan kiwon lafiya. Ita ce ta kafa, kuma Shugaba na OTRAC wanda yake shi ne tsarin kiwon lafiya na tsarin koyon lafiya (H-LMS) wanda ke ba da lamuran jinya ga likitocin musamman likitocin kiwon lafiya na Afirka. An kafa OTRAC a cikin shekarar 2017 kuma yana da masu biyan kuɗi sama da 8,000 waɗanda ke ba da darussan 27 tare da masu gudanarwa 32.Ita ce jagora a kungiyar Google Women TechMakers Abuja da kuma mai shirya taron ‘Google Development Group’, Abuja. Google Women TechMakers shiri ne wanda ke tallafawa da ƙarfafa womenarin mata don shiga cikin filin STEM, da kuma taimaka wa waɗanda suka riga mu gidan gaskiya. STEM na tsaye ne don Kimiyya, Fasaha, Injiniya da lissafi. Har ila yau, ita ce mai ba da shawara na ICT ga Sashen Harkokin Developmentasa da (asa (DFID) na Abokin Hulɗa da programaddamarwa, Canji, da Koyi (PERL). Wannan shiri ne na shekaru biyar wanda ke mayar da hankali kan karfafa cibiyoyin gwamnati da kuma kara yawan 'yan kasa. Wannan shirin ya hada gwamnatoci da kungiyoyin' yan kasa baki daya don magance kalubalen shugabanci don inganta samar da sabis. Bugu da kari, ta nemi shawarar sake yin, kungiyar da ke aiki tare da wakilai na canji a cikin gwamnati, da na farar hula, da kuma bayar da agaji don cimma burinsu na zamantakewa.
LLA
Tana ɗaya daga cikin mata 100 da aka sanya wa suna a Leading Ladies Africa (LLA) 'Yan Mata 100 da suka fi yawan Inci a cikin Najeriyar na shekarar 2019. A shekarar 2016, ita ce kadai 'yar Najeriya a cikin' yan Afirka biyar da shugaban Faransa, Francois Hollande ya bayar da kyautar girmamawa ga ci gaban tattalin arzikinta a fannin Kasuwancin Kiwon lafiya. A yanzu haka ita ce mai ba da shawara ta Tarayya ICT ga shirin DFID-PERL.
Ali Nassirian
Ali Nassirian ( Persian , an haife shi a ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1935) Dan  fim ɗin Iran ne kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo kuma mai ba da umarni, wanda ke taka rawa da halayya.
Harkar fim
Ya fara fitowa a cikin rawar tallafawa ne a Dariush Mehrjui 's The Cow a shekara ta (1969) tare da Ezatollah Entezami, wani dan wasan Iran. Nassirian sannan ya taka rawar Mr Naive a shekarata (1970), shima daga Mehrjui. Sauran fina-finan sa sun hada da: The Postman (1971), The Cycle (1974), The Mandrake (1975), Kamalolmolk (1983), Takalman Mirza Norouz (1985), Stone Stone (1986), Captain Khorshid (1987), The Scent of Shirt ɗin Joseph (1995), da Iron Island (2005), Masxarebaz (2019) wanda ya sami kyautar Crystal Simorgh don mafi kyawun ɗan wasa mai tallafi. Ya taka rawa a cikin The Hunter Saturday (2011), da The Sun (2020).
Radhouane Chebbi
Radhouane Chebbi (رضوان الشابي  ; an haife shi a ranar 8 ga watan Agustan 1986 a Tunis) ɗan wasan kokawa ne na Greco-Roman kuma ɗan Tunisiya, wanda ke fafatawa a rukunin babban nauyi na maza. Chebbi ya wakilci Tunisia a gasar Olympics ta bazara shekarar 2012 a London, inda ya fafata a ajin kilo 120 na maza. Ya samu bankwana a zagayen farko na wasa goma sha shida, kafin ya yi rashin nasara a hannun Łukasz Banak na Poland, wanda ya samu maki uku a tsakani biyu, wanda ya bar Chebbi baida maki ko ɗaya.
Abdoul Karim Cissé
Abdoul Karim Cissé (an haife shi a 20 ga watan Oktoba 1985) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Ivory Coast wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida SC Gagnoa da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ivory Coast.
Sana'a/Aiki
An naɗa Cissé a matsayin mafi kyawun ɗan wasa na watan don Associationungiyar des Footballeurs Ivoiriens a cikin Maris 2015.
Ayyukan kasa
Domin ya zama na uku a Gasar Cin Kofin Kasashen Afirka na 2016, Cissé ya ceci bugun fanariti biyu don hana Guinea yin nasara a wasan.
Mabo Ismaila
Mabo Ismaila (an haife shi 15 Yuli 1944 - 13 Maris 2023) manajan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Najeriya.
Sayed Abdel Hafeez
Sayed Mohamed Mohamed Abdel Hafeez ( سيد محمد محمد عبد الحفيظ  ; an haife shi a ranar 27 ga watan Oktoban shekarar 1977) shi ne kuma ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙasar Masar wanda ya yi wasa a matsayin dan wasan gefe.
Kulab
Al Ahly
Paul Hamilton (Ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa)
Paul Ebiye Hamilton (31 Yuli 1941 - 30 Maris 2017) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne kuma kocin Najeriya. Ya rasu ne a asibitin sojoji da ke Legas a Najeriya.
Rawa
Rawa wani nau'in fasaha ne mai ɗauke da zaɓaɓɓun zaɓaɓɓu na motsin ɗan adam. Wannan motsi yana da kyan gani da kwatanci na alama, kuma an yarda da shi a matsayin rawa ta masu yi da masu kallo a cikin wata al'ada. Dance za a iya kasafta kuma aka bayyana ta Choreography, ta sharhin na ƙungiyoyi, ko ta wurin tarihi lokaci ko wuri na asali.
Paul Hamilton (Ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa)
Sana'a
Ya shafe mafi yawan shekarun sa na buga wasa (1961-1975) tare da NEPA Legas.
Aikin koyarwa
Bayan ya yi ritaya an ɗauke shi aiki a matsayin kocin tawagar ƴan ƙasa da shekaru 20. Daga nan ne aka ɗauke shi aiki a matsayin babban kocin ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Najeriya a shekarar 1989 amma an kore shi bayan Najeriya ta kasa tsallakewa zuwa gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA a 1990. Ya ci gaba da horar da tawagar mata ta ƙasa gasar cin kofin duniya ta farko. Ya sami lasisin horar da UEFA a lokacin bazara 2006.
Rawa
Ayyuka da haɓakawa
Rawan wasan kwaikwayo, wanda kuma ake kira wasan kwaikwayo ko raye-raye na kide kide, an tsara shi da farko a matsayin abin kallo, yawanci ana yin wasan kwaikwayon ne a kan wasan kwaikwayo ta masu rawa na virtuoso. Sau da yawa yakan ba da labari, wataƙila ta amfani da mime, kayan ado da shimfidar wuri, ko kuma kawai yana iya fassara fassarar kayan kiɗa, wanda galibi keɓaɓɓe ne. Misalan wasan rawa ne irin na yamma da rawan zamani, Rawan Indiya na gargajiya da raye-raye na Sinanci da Jafananci. Yawancin nau'ikan sifofi na yau da kullun suna kan rawa ne kaɗai, amma rawar rawa na iya bayyana a cikin wasan opera da sauran siffofin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na kiɗa.
Paul Hamilton (Ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa)
Daga baya rayuwa
An ce an same shi da matsalolin lafiya da suka shafi zuciya da koda wasu watanni da suka gabata,.
Rawa
Ayyuka da haɓakawa
Rawa ta shiga rawa, a wani bangaren, ko rawa ta jama'a, ta rawa, ta rawa, ta rawa irin ta layi, da'ira, sarka ko rawa ta murabba'i, ko rawar takwara kamar wacce aka saba da ita a yammacin rawa ta yamma. da farko don manufa ɗaya, kamar hulɗar zamantakewa ko motsa jiki, na mahalarta maimakon masu kallo. Irin wannan rawar ba safai take da wani labari ba. A rukunin dance da kuma kungiyar soja de rawa, a social abokin dance kuma a Efes de deux, sãɓã wa jũna bayyananne. Ko da rawa za a iya yi don kawai don gamsar da mai rawa. Masu rawa masu rawa galibi suna amfani da ƙungiyoyi iri ɗaya da matakai amma, alal misali, a cikin al'adun raye-raye na kiɗan lantarki, yawancin jama'a na iya yin rawa kyauta, ba tare da waɗanda suke tare da su ba. A gefe guda kuma, wasu al'adu suna shimfida dokoki masu tsauri game da wasu raye-raye wanda a misali, maza, mata da yara na iya ko dole ne su halarci.
Asali
Shaidun archeological don raye-raye na farko sun hada da zane-zane na shekaru 9,000 a Indiya a Rock Shelters na Bhimbetka, da zane-zanen kabarin Masar waɗanda ke nuna adon rawa, kwanan wata c. 3300 BC. An ba da shawarar cewa kafin ƙirƙirar rubutattun harsuna, rawa ta kasance muhimmiyar ɓangare na hanyoyin baka da kuma yadda ake gabatar da labarai daga zuriya ɗaya zuwa na gaba. A amfani da dance a ecstatic trance jihohi da kuma warkar da rituals (as lura a yau a da yawa zamani "m" al'adu, daga Brazil Rainforest ga Kalahari Desert ) yana zaton sun kasance wani farkon factor a cikin zamantakewa da ci gaban dance.
Paul Hamilton (Ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa)
Daga baya rayuwa
An yanke masa kafar hagu sakamakon raunuka da dama. Ya rasu bayan doguwar jinya a watan Maris 2017.
Rawa
Asali
Za a iya samun nassoshi game da rawa a cikin tarihin da aka rubuta tun da wuri; Rawa ta Girkanci ( horos ) ana kiranta Plato, Aristotle, Plutarch da Lucian. Baibul da Talmud suna nuni ne ga al'amuran da yawa da suka danganci rawa, kuma suna ƙunshe da kalmomin raye-raye sama da 30. A cikin tukwanen kasar Sin tun daga zamanin Neolithic, an nuna rukunin mutane suna rawa a layi suna rike da hannu, kuma an samo kalmar Sinanci da farko don "rawa" a rubuce cikin kasusuwa na oracle. Anyi bayanin rawa a cikin Lüshi Chunqiu. Rawa ta farko a tsohuwar kasar Sin tana da alaƙa da sihiri da al'adun shamanic. A lokacin karni na farko na KZ a Indiya, an kirkiro matani da yawa waɗanda suke ƙoƙari su daidaita al'amuran rayuwar yau da kullun. Bharata Muni 's Natyashastra (a zahiri "matanin wasan kwaikwayo" ) ɗayan matani ne na baya. Ya fi dacewa da wasan kwaikwayo, inda rawa take taka muhimmiyar rawa a al'adun Indiya. Ya karkasa rawa zuwa nau'ikan hudu - na zamani, na al'ada, na yau da kullun, da kuma na fassara - da kuma cikin nau'ikan yankuna hudu. Rubutun yayi bayani dalla-dallan hannu ( mudras ) da rarraba ƙungiyoyi da gabobi daban-daban, matakai da sauransu. Wata al'ada mai karfi ta cigaba da raye-raye tun daga wannan lokacin ta ci gaba a Indiya, har zuwa zamanin yau, inda take ci gaba da taka rawa a cikin al'ada, al'ada, kuma, musamman, masana'antar nishaɗin Bollywood. Sauran nau'ikan nau'ikan raye-raye na zamani suma za'a iya samo su ga rawa ta tarihi, ta al'ada, ta al'ada, da ta kabilanci.
Rawa da kiɗa
Rawa gaba ɗaya, kodayake ba ta musamman ba, ana yin ta tare da rakiyar kiɗa kuma mai yuwuwa ko ba a yi ta cikin lokaci zuwa irin wannan kiɗan. Wasu rawa (kamar su rawa rawa ) na iya ba da kayan aikin sa a madadin (ko ƙari) kiɗa. Yawancin nau'ikan kide-kide da raye-raye da yawa an ƙirƙiri juna kuma ana yin su tare tare. Fitattun misalai na raye-raye na gargajiya / hada kiɗa sun haɗa da jig, waltz, tango, disko, da salsa .Wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan kiɗa suna da nau'in rawa iri ɗaya kamar kiɗa na baroque da raye-raye na baroque ; sauran nau'ikan rawa da kiɗa na iya raba nomenclature amma an haɓaka daban, kamar kiɗan gargajiya da rawa ta gargajiya.
Rawa da kari
Rhythm da rawa suna da alaƙa mai zurfi a cikin tarihi da aiki. Dan rawa dan Amurka Ted Shawn ya rubuta; "Tunanin rhythm wanda ke ƙarƙashin duk karatun raye -raye wani abu ne wanda zamu iya magana akai har abada, kuma har yanzu ba mu gama ba." Waƙar kiɗa tana buƙatar manyan abubuwa guda biyu; na farko, bugun bugun-a-kai-akai (wanda kuma ake kira "bugun" ko "dabara") wanda ke tabbatar da ɗan lokaci kuma, na biyu, ƙirar lafazi da hutawa wanda ke tabbatar da halayen mita ko ƙirar rhythmic. Nauyin bugun jini yana daidai daidai da tsawon lokaci zuwa mataki mai sauƙi ko ishara. Raye-raye gabaɗaya suna da yanayin halayyar mutum. Tango, misali, galibi ana rawa cikin 2  2 lokaci a kusan 66 beats a minti daya. Asali a hankali, wanda ake kira da "sannu a hankali", yana ɗaukar tsiya ɗaya, don haka cikakken "dama - hagu" yayi daidai da ɗaya 2  2 auna. Asalin gaba da baya na rawa ana kidaya su - "a hankali-a hankali" - yayinda adadi da yawa ana kirga su "a hankali - mai saurin-sauri.
Kamar yadda ake fasalta sautunan kiɗa ta hanyar ƙa'idodi masu ƙarfi da rauni, haka maimaitar motsa jiki sau da yawa ya dogara da sauya muscular ƙungiyoyi "masu ƙarfi" da "marasa ƙarfi". Idan aka yi la'akari da wannan canjin na dama-hagu, na gaba-baya da faduwa, tare da alaƙar haɗin jikin mutum, to abu ne na al'ada cewa raye-raye da yawa da kiɗa da yawa suna cikin mitsi biyu da rabi. Koyaya, tunda wasu irin waɗannan ƙungiyoyi suna buƙatar ƙarin lokaci a cikin wani juzu'i fiye da ɗayan - kamar tsawon lokacin da ake buƙata don ɗaga guduma fiye da bugawa - wasu raye-rayen raye-raye suna faɗuwa daidai da yanayi cikin mita uku. Lokaci-lokaci, kamar yadda a cikin raye-rayen gargajiya na Balkans, al'adun rawa suna dogara ne da rikitarwa masu rikitarwa. Bugu da ari, hadaddun raye-raye da aka hada da tsayayyen jerin matakai koyaushe suna buƙatar jimloli da karin waƙoƙin wani tsayayyen tsayi don su bi wannan jerin. Aikin rawa, matakan kansu, suna haifar da "kwarangwal na farko na rawar rudu" wanda dole ne ya riga ya kasance ga kowane raye raye na kade-kade, yayin rawar kanta, kamar kida, tana buƙatar kiyaye lokaci kamar dai yadda maimaitattun maimaita motsi suke kamar yadda tafiya, jan ruwa da tonowa suke yi, yayin da suka zama masu ladabi, wani abu mai ingancin rawa.
Don haka, raye-raye na kiɗa ya tashi a farkon rawa, don haka tsoffin Masarawa suka danganta asalin rawa zuwa ga Athotus na allahntaka, wanda aka ce ya lura cewa kiɗan da ke rakiyar al'adun addini ya sa mahalarta su yi tafiya a hankali kuma sun kawo waɗannan ƙungiyoyi zuwa mizani gwargwado. Irin wannan ra'ayin, cewa rawa ta samo asali ne daga rawar kide-kide, har yanzu ana samun sa a cikin renaissance Turai a cikin ayyukan maigidan rawa Guglielmo Ebreo da Pesaro wanda ke magana game da rawa a matsayin motsi na jiki wanda ya taso kuma ya bayyana a ciki, motsi na ruhaniya yana yarda da "matakan kuma cikakkun jituwa na jituwa "wanda ya faɗo kan kunnen ɗan adam, yayin da, a baya, Mechthild na Magdeburg, yana ɗaukar rawa a matsayin alama ce ta rayuwa mai tsarki wanda aka kwatanta a cikin faɗin Yesu" Na busa sarewa kuma ba ku yi rawa ba ", ya rubuta;
Thoinot Arbeau ya yi bikin bikin karni na 16 na karnin-rawa Orchésographie, hakika, ya fara ne da ma'anoni sama da tamanin da ke da ganga. Kamar yadda aka nuna a sama, an wakilci rawa a cikin shekaru daban-daban kamar yadda ta fito a matsayin amsa ga kiɗa tukuna, kamar yadda Lincoln Kirstein ya nuna, aƙalla wataƙila mawuyacin kiɗan ya tashi ne daga rawa. Shawn concurs, yana mai cewa rawa "ita ce fasaha ta farko ta jinsin mutane, kuma matrix din da duk wasu fasahohin suka fito da ita" kuma har ma da " mita a cikin wakokinmu na yau sakamako ne na lafazin da motsa jiki ya wajabta, kamar yadda rawa da karatu ana yinsu lokaci guda " - wata magana da aka goyi baya ta hanyar amfani da kalmar" ƙafa "don bayyana mawaƙan mawaƙan waƙoƙi.
Miguel Pereira
Miguel Francisco Pereira (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga watan Agusta 1975) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Angola wanda yake taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba. Ya kuma buga wasanni 11 tare da tawagar kasar Angola inda ya zura kwallaye biyu. Ya wakilci Angola a gasar cin kofin Afrika a shekarar 1998.
Rawa
Rawa da kari
Scholes, ba mai rawa ba amma mawaƙi, yana ba da goyan baya ga wannan ra'ayi, yana faɗi cewa tsayayyen matakan waƙa, na biyu, uku ko huɗu zuwa sandar, kalmomin daidai da daidaito, ƙididdigar yau da kullun, bambanci da maimaitawa, na iya zama duka dangana ga tasirin "ba shi da lissafi" na rawa a kan kiɗa.
Émile Jaques-Dalcroze, da farko mawaƙi kuma malami, ya ba da labarin yadda binciken motsa jiki na masu kaɗa fiyani ya kai shi ga "gano cewa jin motsin kiɗa da ke tattare da yanayin yanayi yana kira ne ga jijiyoyin jiki da amsar jijiyoyin gabaɗaya", don haɓaka horo na musamman da aka tsara don daidaita halayen juyayi da haifar da haɗin gwiwa na tsokoki da jijiyoyi "kuma a ƙarshe don neman haɗi tsakanin" fasahar kiɗa da fasahar rawa ", wanda ya tsara cikin tsarin sa na eurhythmics . Ya karkare da cewa "salon waka ne kawai a sanya shi cikin sautin motsi da motsi kai tsaye ba tare da nuna son rai ba".
Saboda haka, kodayake babu shakka, kamar yadda Shawn ya tabbatar, "abu ne mai yiyuwa a ci gaba da rawa ba tare da kiɗa ba kuma ... kiɗa yana da cikakkiyar damar tsayawa da ƙafafunsa ba tare da wani taimako daga rawa ba", amma "fasahar biyu za ta kasance koyaushe mai alaƙa kuma dangantakar na iya zama mai fa'ida duka ga rawa da waƙa ", fifikon fasaha ɗaya a kan ɗayan yana da ma'ana. The kowa Ballad matakan na waka da jama'a-songs daukan su sunan daga dance, kamar yadda ya aikata da wakar, mai ban mamaki a da'irar dance. Yawancin sunayen waƙoƙi da yawa an sanya musu suna " waltz " ko " minuet ", misali, yayin da aka samar da raye-raye da yawa na raye-raye waɗanda suka dogara da kayan waƙoƙin da ba a fahimta ba, kamar su 2 da 3 Partungiyoyin Partirƙira, Adams Violin Concerto da Andantino. Hakazalika, wakoki galibi an tsara su kuma ana sanya musu suna bayan raye-raye ko ayyukan kide-kide, yayin da rawa da kiɗa duk sun ja ra'ayinsu na "ma'auni" ko "mita" daga waƙa.
Shawn ya faɗi tare da amincewa da bayanin Dalcroze cewa, yayin da fasahar kiɗan kiɗa ta ƙunshi rarrabewa da haɗawar tsawon lokaci, ɗan hutu da lafazi "bisa ga tsarin ilimin lissafi", na "ririn roba" (watau rawa) "shine keɓe motsi a sarari, don fassara ƙimomin lokaci mai tsawo ta hanyar saurin motsi da gajere ta hanzari, daidaita lokutan dakatarwa ta hanyar sauye-sauye iri-iri da kuma nuna karin sauti a cikin maɓuɓɓugansu da yawa ta hanyar ƙarin nauyin jiki, ta hanyar jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki ".
Shawn duk da haka yana nuni da cewa tsarin lokacin kade-kade wani "abu ne da mutum ya kirkira, abu ne na wucin gadi .... wani kayan aiki ne da aka kera, alhali kuwa kari wani abu ne da ya kasance koyaushe kuma ya dogara da mutum ba kwata-kwata", kasancewar shi "lokaci mai gudana ne wanda tunaninmu na mutane ya kasu zuwa raka'a masu dacewa ", yana mai ba da shawarar cewa za'a iya rayar da waka ta hanyar komawa ga dabi'u da hangen nesa na rawa.
Ba'amurkiyar 'yar rawa a farkon ƙarni na 20 - Helen Moller ta faɗi kawai cewa "yana da kari kuma yana da tsari fiye da daidaituwa da launi wanda, daga farkon, ya haɗa kiɗa, waƙa da rawa tare a cikin ƙungiyar da ba ta narkewa."
Wakar rawa
Concert dance, kamar wasan kwaikwayo, kullum dogara ga ta manyan sikelin-nau'i a kan wani labari da ban mamaki tsarin. Movement sungiyoyi da motsin rai na waƙa an tsara su ne da nufin lalata halayen mutane da manufofin haruffa da ɓangarorinsu a cikin makircin. Irin waɗannan buƙatun wasan kwaikwayon suna neman tsawaitawa, ƙungiyoyi masu 'yanci fiye da waɗanda aka saba da su cikin salon rawa mara rawa. A gefe guda, bellet blanket, wanda aka kirkira a cikin karni na 19, yana ba da damar tsaka-tsakin rawa mai rawa wanda ya zama cikakkiyar ballet "mara makirci" a cikin ƙarni na 20 kuma hakan yana ba da izinin saurin, rawar rawa mai saurin motsawa kamar ta petit ruwayar Sanannen sanannen shine Rawar Cygnets a cikin aiki biyu na Swan Lake.
Daresalam
Daresalam ( Turanci : "Let There Be Peace" ) fim ne mai ban mamaki na 2000 na darektan Chadi Issa Serge Coelo. An yi la'akari da shi ɗaya daga cikin 'yan fina-finan Afirka na baya-bayan nan da suka yi bitar jigon rikice-rikicen tsakanin da suka addabi nahiyar Afirka tun bayan samun ƴancin kai. Yayin da aka kafa shi a wata ƙasa ta Afirka ta almara mai suna Daresalam, tana nuna yaƙin basasa da ya addabi Chadi a shekarun 1960 da 1970.
Rawa
Wakar rawa
Ballet ta samo asali ne daga wasan kwaikwayo na kotu na karni na 16 da 17 na Faransa da Italiya kuma na ɗan lokaci masu raye-raye suna yin raye-raye da aka haɓaka daga waɗanda suka saba da suite na kiɗa, duk an bayyana su ta hanyar amintattun kalmomin da ke kusa da kowane rawa. . Waɗannan sun bayyana kamar raye-rayen ɗabi'a a zamanin soyayya ta ƙasa.
Daresalam
Taƙaitaccen bayani
Fim ɗin yana gudana ne a wata kasa ta tsakiyar Afirka ta almara (wanda ake kira Daresalam, "Ƙasar Aminci" a Larabci) a cikin yakin basasa. An bayyana shi a matsayin manyan abokansa biyu, Koni (Haikal Zakaria) da Djimi (Abdoulaye Ahmat), waɗanda zaman lafiyarsu ya katse a lokacin da gwamnatin tsakiya ta tashi a ƙauyen su suna takura su tare da lallashin mutanen ƙauyen don biyan sabon haraji don taimakawa yaƙin basasa. . Tattaunawa mai zafi ya biyo baya, wanda ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar wani jami'in gwamnati, wanda ya yi sanadiyar kona kauyen da kuma kisan gillar da aka yi wa mazauna kauyen. Koni da Djimi yanzu sun wuce tare da wasu zuwa ga tawayen, amma daga baya 'yan tawayen sun rabu, inda Djimi ya kasance tare da masu tsattsauran ra'ayi, Koni ya tafi tare da wani bangaren da ke goyon bayan sasantawa da gwamnati, don haka suka rabu da abokan biyu. Daga baya za a kashe Koni a wani juyin mulki, yayin da Djimi zai bar 'yan tawayen ya koma kauyensa tare da wata bazawara mai yaki da injin dinki da wani mayaka ya bar masa, wanda zai iya ƙoƙarin fara sabuwar rayuwa da kansa. danginsa.
Rawa
Wakar rawa
Ballet ta kai ga yaduwar abubuwa a cikin rayuwar soyayyar, tare da babbar ƙungiyar makaɗa da ra'ayoyin kiɗa masu ban sha'awa waɗanda ba sa ran kansu cikin sauƙin fahimta da kuma rawa wanda ya jaddada mime mai ban mamaki. An bukaci mahimmin ra'ayi game da kari, wanda Rudolf Laban ya ambace shi da "kari da sifa" na motsi wanda ke sadar da ɗabi'a, motsin rai da niyya, yayinda wasu al'amuran kawai ke buƙatar daidaitaccen aiki da mataki da kiɗa mai mahimmanci ga sauran salon rawa, don haka, ga Laban, Turawan zamani ba su iya fahimtar ma'anar "dadaddiyar juyayyar motsi", yanayin da ya fara canzawa a cikin karni na 20 tare da ire-iren abubuwan da Igor Stravinsky ya gabatar na Ruwan bazara tare da sabonsa harshe mai ma'ana wanda ke nuna jin dad'in rayuwar zamanin baya.
Daresalam
Taƙaitaccen bayani
Darakta Issa Coelo, a yayin da yake magana a kan fim ɗinsa, ya bayyana cewa yana son fallasa mugunyar da’irar da ta samo asali ne a lokacin da gwamnatin rikon ƙwarya ta haifar da barkewar yakin basasa, wanda ya kawo karshen ciyar da kanta ba tare da kakkautawa ba, domin kowane mai mulki yana kula da kansa ta hanyar son zuciya, ta haka ne ya haifar da yakin basasa. 'yan adawa masu dauke da makamai. A cikin kalmomin Coelo, "yaki ya zama kawai tattalin arzikin ƙasar. Tashin hankali, kawai hanyar magana da sadarwa mai yiwuwa. . . . Daresalam ya yi la’akari da tatsuniyar Kayinu da Habila, ya ba da labarin yadda wannan injin yaƙi ya ƙare da juna da sauran abokai biyu, tun da farko wannan manufa ta motsa. Wannan labarin ana nufin ya zama magana ce ta yaƙi da kuma rayuwar ɗan adam.”
liyafa da kimantawa
LA Makonni ya yanke hukuncin fim ɗin da kyau, yana kiransa "mai daɗi da ban tausayi", kuma ya yaba da wasan ƙarshe, wanda "ya ƙare akan bayanin kyakkyawan fata wanda ya fi tsattsauran ra'ayi fiye da duk ƙididdiga na nihilism a halin yanzu ana ba da sabis a kan fuskar fina-finai na Yammacin Yamma. ", kuma idan aka kwatanta fim ɗin zuwa Barbet Schroeder 's Our Lady of Assassins a cikin burinsu na gama gari "don ba da haske game da wanzuwar inuwa".
Rawa
Wakar rawa
Tsarin gargajiya na Jafananci na rawa-gidan wasan kwaikwayo irin su Kabuki da Noh, kamar rawa-wasan kwaikwayo na Indiya, rarrabe tsakanin ba da labari da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na rawa. Babban rukuni uku na kabuki sune jidaimono (na tarihi), sewamono (na gida) da kuma shosagoto (raye-raye). Da ɗan kamannin haka, Noh ya bambanta tsakanin Geki Noh, wanda ya danganci ci gaban makirci da labarin aiki, da Furyū Noh, raye-rayen da suka hada da wasan acrobatics, kayan wasan kwaikwayo, haruffa da yawa da kuma mataki na bayani dalla-dalla. Raye-raye na zamantakewar jama'a, waɗanda aka yi niyya don hallara maimakon na masu sauraro, na iya haɗa da nau'ikan mime da labarai, amma yawanci ana tsara su sosai da yanayin waƙar da ke motsawa, don haka kalmomin kamar waltz da polka suna nuni zuwa ga abubuwa na kiɗa kamar ga rawa kanta. Ofafafun ƙafafun 'yan rawa na iya zama wani muhimmin ɓangare na kiɗan, kamar a rawa rawa. Rawar Afirka, alal misali, ta samo asali ne daga tsayayyun matakai na yau da kullun, amma kuma na iya ba da izini mai yawa na fassarar rhythmic: ƙafafu ko akwati suna alama alamar bugun jini yayin da ake ɗaukar rudani da kafaɗa, gwiwoyi, ko kai, tare da mafi kyawun masu rawa a lokaci guda suna ba da filastik magana ga duk abubuwan da ke tattare da tsarin polyrhythmic.
Afirka
Rawa a Afirka an haɗa ta sosai a cikin al'umma kuma manyan abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin al'umma ana yawan nuna su cikin raye -raye: ana yin rawa don haihuwa da jana'iza, bukukuwan aure da yaƙe -yaƙe. Rawar gargajiya tana ba da ɗabi'a ta al'ada, gami da al'adun addini da ƙa'idodin jima'i; ba da motsin zuciyar da aka danne, kamar baƙin ciki ; motsa membobin al'umma su ba da haɗin kai, ko yaƙe -yaƙe ko niƙa hatsi; aiwatar da ayyukan ibada na ruhaniya; da ba da gudummawa ga haɗin kan zamantakewa.
Ana yin dubban raye -raye a fadin nahiyar. Za a iya raba waɗannan zuwa na gargajiya, na al'ada, da na gargajiya: raye -rayen al'adun wata al'umma, raye -rayen da aka ƙirƙiri kwanan nan cikin kwaikwayon salo na gargajiya, da raye -rayen da ake watsawa da yawa a makarantu ko darussa masu zaman kansu. Sojoji da yawa, irin su mishan mishan na Turawa da gwamnatocin mulkin mallaka, sun canza rawar Afirka, waɗanda galibi ke danne al'adun rawa na gida kamar na lalata ko jan hankali. Rawa a cikin al'adun Afirka na zamani har yanzu tana hidimomin ayyukanta na al'ada a cikin sabbin abubuwa; rawa na iya yin bikin ƙaddamar da asibiti, gina al'umma don ƙaura daga ƙauyuka a cikin biranen da ba a sani ba, kuma a haɗa su cikin bukukuwan cocin Kirista.
Asiya
Duk raye -rayen gargajiya na Indiya suna da digiri iri -iri da aka kafe a cikin Natyashastra don haka suna raba fasali na gama gari: alal misali, mudra (matsayi na hannu), wasu matsayin jiki, motsi kafa da haɗar wasan kwaikwayo ko bayyananniya ko abhinaya. Kiɗan gargajiya na Indiya yana ba da rakiyar raye -raye da masu rawa na kusan duk salo suna sa ƙararrawa a kusa da idon sawun su don nuna ƙima da haɓaka haɓakar.
A yanzu akwai nau'ikan yanki na rawa na gargajiya na Indiya. Rawa kamar "Odra Magadhi", wanda bayan shekaru da yawa na muhawara, an gano shi don gabatar da Mithila na yau, nau'in rawar Odisha na Odissi (Orissi), yana nuna tasirin rawa a cikin mu'amalar al'adu tsakanin yankuna daban -daban.
Yankin Punjab da ya mamaye Indiya da Pakistan shine asalin asalin Bhangra. An san shi sosai a matsayin salon kiɗa da rawa. Yawanci yana da alaƙa da bukukuwan girbi na dā, ƙauna, kishin ƙasa ko al'amuran zamantakewa. An haɗa kiɗan ta da kayan kiɗan da ake kira 'Dhol'. Bhangra ba kawai kiɗa bane amma rawa ce, bikin girbi inda mutane ke bugun dhol (drum), rera Boliyan (waƙoƙi) da rawa. Ya ci gaba da haɓaka tare da bikin Vaisakhi na Sikhs.
Rawar da aka yi a Sri Lanka ta haɗa da raye-rayen shaidan ( yakun natima), al'adar da aka ƙera a hankali har zuwa cikin Sri-pre-Buddhist na baya wanda ya haɗu da tsoffin " Ayurvedic " dabarun cutar tare da yin amfani da hankali kuma ya haɗa fannoni da yawa ciki har da ilimin sararin samaniya na Sinhalese. Ana iya ganin tasirin su akan raye -rayen gargajiya na Sri Lanka. Rawa ta Gabas ta Tsakiya galibi al'adun gargajiya ne na raye -raye waɗanda aka sabunta su zuwa wani zamani. Za su hada dabke, tamzara, Assuriyawa jama'a dance, Kurdish dance, Armenian dance kuma Turkish dance, da sauransu. Duk waɗannan nau'ikan raye -raye galibi sun haɗa mahalarta shiga juna ta hanyar riƙe hannu ko hannu (dangane da salon rawa). Za su yi motsi na rhythmic tare da ƙafafunsu da kafadunsu yayin da suke zagaya filin rawa. Shugaban raye -rayen gabaɗaya zai riƙe sanda ko mayafi.
Turai da Arewacin Amurka
Rawar gargajiya ta bambanta a duk faɗin Turai kuma mai yuwuwa ta dawo shekaru ɗari ko dubban shekaru, amma da yawa suna da fasali iri ɗaya kamar hallartar ƙungiyar da mai kira ke jagoranta, riƙe hannu ko haɗa haɗin gwiwa tsakanin mahalarta, da tsayayyun nau'ikan kiɗan da aka sani da caroles. Wasu, kamar rawar maypole gama gari ne ga al'ummomi da yawa, yayin da wasu kamar céilidh da polka suna da tushe sosai a cikin al'adu ɗaya. An kawo wasu raye -raye na al'adun Turai kamar rawar murabba'a zuwa Sabuwar Duniya kuma daga baya ya zama wani ɓangare na al'adun Amurka.
Ballet ta haɓaka da farko a Italiya sannan kuma a Faransa daga tabarau na kotun da suka haɗa kiɗa, wasan kwaikwayo, waƙa, waƙa, kayan ado da rawa. Mambobin kotun sun ɗauki matsayin masu yin wasan. A lokacin mulkin Louis XIV, shi kansa ɗan rawa, rawa ta ƙara daidaitawa. Kwararrun masu rawa sun fara maye gurbin 'yan kootu, kuma gwamnatin Faransa ta ba da lasisi ga masu rawa. Kwalejin koyar da rawa ta farko ita ce Académie Royale de Danse (Royal Dance Academy), wanda aka buɗe a Paris a 1661. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan haka, an kafa ƙungiyar rawa ta farko da aka kafa, mai alaƙa da Kwalejin; wannan rukunin ya fara ne a matsayin ƙungiyar maza duka amma a cikin 1681 an buɗe don haɗawa da mata ma.
Rawan kide -kide na karni na 20 ya kawo fashewar bidi'a a cikin salon rawa wanda ke nuna fasahar fasahohin 'yanci. Farkon majagaba na abin da aka sani da rawa ta zamani sun haɗa da Loie Fuller, Isadora Duncan, Mary Wigman da Ruth St. Denis. Dangantakar kiɗa da rawa tana zama tushen Eurhythmics, wanda Emile Jaques-Dalcroze ya ƙirƙira, wanda ya yi tasiri ga haɓaka rawa ta zamani da rawa ta zamani ta masu fasaha irin su Marie Rambert. Eurythmy, wanda Rudolf Steiner da Marie Steiner-von Sivers suka haɓaka, sun haɗu da abubuwa na yau da kullun waɗanda ke tunatar da rawa ta gargajiya tare da sabon salo na 'yanci, kuma sun gabatar da sabon hadaddun ƙamus don rawa. A cikin shekarun 1920, muhimman wadanda suka kafa sabon salo kamar Martha Graham da Doris Humphrey sun fara aikinsu. Tun daga wannan lokacin, an haɓaka nau'ikan salon rawa iri -iri; ga Rawan zamani.
Rawar Baƙin Baƙon Ba'amurke ta bunƙasa a wurare na yau da kullun, maimakon a cikin ɗakunan rawa, makarantu ko kamfanoni. Taɓa rawa, disko, rawa jazz, raye -raye, raye -raye na hip hop, lindy hop tare da alakarta da yin kida da kida da rawa da rawa sun yi tasiri a duniya. Hanyoyin raye-raye da ke haɗa fasahar rawa ta gargajiya tare da raye-raye na Ba'amurke suma sun bayyana a ƙarni na 21, gami da Hiplet.
Latin Amurka
Dance rawa ce ga rayuwar zamantakewar Latin Amurka da al'adu. Samba na Brazil, tango na Argentina, da salsa na Cuba mashahuran raye -raye ne na abokan tarayya, da sauran raye -raye na ƙasa - merengue, cueca, plena, jarabe, joropo, marinera, cumbia, bachata da sauransu - muhimman abubuwan al'adun ƙasashensu ne. Bukukuwan Carnival na gargajiya sun haɗa waɗannan da sauran raye -raye a cikin manyan bukukuwa.
Amurka
Hip -hop ya samo asali ne daga New York, musamman a yankin da ake kira Bronx. An halicce shi ne ga waɗanda suka yi gwagwarmaya a cikin al'umma kuma da alama ba su da murya a cikin al'umma da ke kewaye da su saboda rashin wadatarsu. Ya taimaka wa waɗanda ke cikin yanayi ɗaya su taru su yi magana game da batutuwa masu wahala ta amfani da motsi da ji.
Ilimin rawa
Ana ba da karatun rawa ta hanyar zane -zane da shirye -shiryen ɗan adam na cibiyoyin ilimi da yawa. Wasu jami'o'in suna ba da Bachelor of Arts da manyan digiri na ilimi a cikin Dance. A dance nazari manhaja iya kẽwayẽwa wani bambancin kewayon darussa da batutuwa, ciki har da dance yi da kuma yi, Choreography, ethnochoreology, kinesiology, dance tsarin rubutu, da kuma dance far. Kwanan nan, an haɗa rawar rawa da motsa jiki a wasu makarantu cikin darussan lissafi don ɗaliban da ke da nakasa na ilmantarwa, naƙasasshiyar motsin rai/ɗabi'a da/ko rashin kulawa ta rashin hankali (ADHD).
Ƙwararrun masu rawa
Kwararrun masu rawa suna yawan aiki akan kwangila ko don takamaiman wasanni ko samarwa. Rayuwar ƙwararrun dan rawa gaba ɗaya ɗaya ce ta canza yanayin aiki koyaushe, matsin lamba mai ƙarfi da ƙarancin albashi. Sakamakon haka, ƙwararrun masu rawa suna buƙatar ƙara yawan abin da suke samu don samun kwanciyar hankali na kuɗi. A cikin Amurka ƙwararrun masu rawa suna cikin ƙungiyoyi (kamar American Guild of Musical Artists, Screen Actors Guild and Actors 'Equity Association ) waɗanda ke kafa yanayin aiki da mafi ƙarancin albashi ga membobin su. Dole ƙwararrun masu rawa su mallaki yawan wasannin motsa jiki. Don jagorantar aiki mai nasara, yana da fa'ida kasancewa iri -iri a cikin salon rawa daban -daban, samun tushen fasaha mai ƙarfi da yin amfani da wasu nau'ikan horo na jiki don kasancewa cikin koshin lafiya.
Malaman rawa
Malaman raye galibi suna mai da hankali kan koyar da wasan rawa, ko horar da masu rawa masu gasa, ko duka biyun. Yawanci suna da ƙwarewar wasan kwaikwayon a cikin nau'ikan rawar da suke koyarwa ko koyawa. Alal misali, dancesport malamai da kocina ne sau da yawa gasa rawa ko tsohon dancesport aikatawa. Malaman raye-raye na iya zama masu zaman kansu, ko makarantun raye-raye ko cibiyoyin ilimi gaba ɗaya da shirye-shiryen rawa. Wasu suna aiki don shirye -shiryen jami'a ko wasu makarantu waɗanda ke da alaƙa da ƙwararrun rawa na gargajiya (misali, rawa) ko kamfanonin rawa na zamani. Wasu kuma suna aiki da ƙananan makarantun raye -raye masu zaman kansu waɗanda ke ba da horon rawa da koyar da wasan kwaikwayo ga nau'ikan rawa daban -daban.
Mawaƙa
Choreographers sune waɗanda ke tsara ƙungiyoyin raye -raye a cikin raye -raye, galibi ana koyar da su jami'a kuma galibi ana ɗaukar su aiki don takamaiman ayyuka ko, da wuya a iya yin aiki akan kwangila a matsayin mazaunin mawaƙa na wani takamaiman kamfanin rawa.
Gasar
Gasar rawa rawa ce da aka shirya inda masu fafatawa ke yin raye -raye a gaban alkali ko alkali don samun kyaututtuka, kuma a wasu lokuta, kyaututtukan kuɗi. Akwai manyan nau'ikan wasannin raye -raye da yawa, waɗanda aka bambanta musamman ta hanyar salo ko salon raye -raye da aka yi. Manyan nau'ikan wasannin rawa sun haɗa da:
Bugu da kari, akwai wasannin gasa na rawa da yawa da aka gabatar a talabijin da sauran kafofin watsa labarai.
Heide Rosendahl
Heidemarie Ecker-Rosendahl ( German pronunciation: [ˈHaɪ̯də ˈɛkɐ ːoːzn̩ˌdaːl] (née Rosendahl ; an haife tane a ranar 14 ga watan Fabrairun shekarar 1947) wata Yar wasan kasar Jamus ce mai ritaya, wacce ta fafata galibi a wasan pentathlon da tsalle mai tsayi . Ta kafa tarihin duniya a cikin tsalle mai tsayi zuwa mita 6.84 a cikin shekarar 1970 wanda ya tsaya kusan shekaru shida.
Tarihin rayuwa
Ta lashe lambar zinare mai tsayi a gasar Olympics ta Munich ta shekarar 1972 tare da tsalle na mita 6.78, santimita daya a gaban Diana Yorgova ta Bulgaria. Kwana biyu bayan haka a cikin pentathlon mai ban sha'awa, ta zama ta biyu a kan Mary Peters ta Burtaniya.
Bayan abubuwan uku a ranar farko Rosendahl ya kasance a matsayi na biyar, maki 301 a bayan Peters. A rana ta biyu, ta yi tsalle mita 6.83 a cikin tsalle mai tsayi (wanda ya faɗi santimita daga faifai) kuma ta yi tseren mita 200 a cikin sakan 22.96. Ta gama da maki 4791, maki 16 sama da Burglinde Pollak a duniya. Ta rike tarihin duniya na dakika 1.12 kafin Peters ya cinye ta da maki 10 a kan kammala tseren mita 200 a cikin dakika 24.08. Don kara tabbatar da kwarewarta, ta taimaka wa Jamusawan Yammacin Yammacin 4 × 100 m tare da Christiane Krause, Ingrid Mickler-Becker da Annegret Richter zuwa lambar zinare da tarihin duniya; yana riƙe da zakaran tseren Jamusanci na Gabas Renate Stecher, a cikin aikin.
Josh van Eeden
Josh van Eeden (an haife shi a ranar 11 ga watan Yulin 1996), ɗan wasan kurket ne na Afirka ta Kudu. Ya fara halartan Jigon sa na KwaZulu-Natal Inland a cikin 2016–2017 CSA Ƙalubalen kwana ɗaya na Lardi a ranar 26 ga watan Maris 2017. Ya yi wasansa na farko a matakin farko a KwaZulu-Natal Inland a gasar cin kofin Lardi na kwana 3 na CSA na 2018–2019 a ranar 8 ga watan Nuwambar 2018.
Brad Doley
Brad Dolley (an haife shi a ranar 7 ga watan Yulin 1992), ɗan wasan kurket ne na Afirka ta Kudu. An saka shi cikin tawagar wasan kurket na Lardin Gabas don gasar cin kofin T20 na Afirka ta shekarar 2015.
Shi ne jagoran wicket a gasar 2017 – 2018 CSA Kalubale na Rana ɗaya na Lardin Gabas, tare da korar 12 cikin wasanni takwas.
Kassim Abdallah
Kassim Abdallah Mfoihaia (haife a ranar 9 ga watan Afrilun shekarar, 1987) ne a Faransa-haife Comorian sana'a kwallon wanda ke taka Athlético Marseille. A matakin kasa da kasa, ya wakilci kungiyar kasar Comoros.
Rayuwar farko
An haifi Abdallah a Marseille, Faransa, kuma ya girma a sashen Faransanci na Bouches-du-Rhône.
Klub din
Abdallah ya fara aikinsa na Turai ne a watan Janairun shekarar 2005 tare da Atout Sport Busserine kuma ya sanya hannu kan rabin shekara daga baya a lokacin rani na shekarata 2005 don kulob din Marseille mai tushe na ASC de Jeunesse Felix-Pyat. Ya taka leda shekaru biyu ga ASCJ Felix-Pyat kuma ya sanya hannu fiye da kungiyar Championnat de France Amateur US Marignane. Ya buga cikin shekaru biyu wasanni 44 a cikin Championnat de France Amateur na Amurka Marignane.
A watan Yulin 2009, ya sanya hannu ga CS Sedan.
A ranar 31 ga watan Agusta 2012, Abdallah ya bar Sedan zuwa Olympique de Marseille ta Ligue 1, inda ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekaru hudu.
Bayan shekara guda a Saudi Arabia, ya koma Faransa a watan Janairun 2019 kuma ya sanya hannu tare da Athlético Marseille.
Ayyukan duniya
Abdallah yana wasa ne a kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Comoros kuma ya samu nasarar buga wasan farko a wasannin tsibirin Indian Ocean a wasan da suka buga da Madagascar.
Rayuwar shi
A watan Yunin 2009, wasu 'yan uwansa hudu sun mutu a hatsarin jirgin Yemenia Flight 626, mahaifiyarsa ta tashi da wuri.
Maureen Eke
Maureen Eke (an haife ta 19 ga watan Disamban 1986) 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ce ta duniya wacce ke buga wasan tsakiya. Ta kasance memba a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta Najeriya kuma tana cikin tawagar gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA 2007. A matakin kulob, Eke tana taka leda a kulob ɗin Delta Queens FC da ke Jihar Delta a ￼￼Najeriya.￼￼
Le Pèlerin de Camp Nou
Le Pèlerin de Camp Nou ( Turanci : "Kyaftin Majid") wani fim ne na 2009 wanda aka shirya a ƙasar Chadi ta tsakiyar Afirka. Aikin fim ɗin dijital wanda "ba-kasafin kuɗi", ya sami fitowar duniya a bikin Du Film PanAfricain a Cannes, Faransa, a cikin Afrilu 2009, kuma an nuna shi a bukukuwa a Montreal, Toronto, da London a 2009 kafin nunawa a Fim na Duniya Festival na Rotterdam a cikin 2010.
Taƙaitaccen bayani
Majid (Abakar Chene Massar) ya naɗa kocin nasa (Ousman Adoum) a matsayin ƴar shugaban kungiyar Faiza (Nadech Ngaryo). Faiza, mai sha'awar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa da kanta, ta bayyana manufarta: za ta kasance mai sadaukarwa ga ɗaya da ɗaya kawai.
Majid dai ya kusa yin jinya a wasan zakarun garin amma ya samu nasarar jagorantar ƙungiyar sa zuwa ga nasara. Mafarkinsa na buga wasan kwallon kafa na duniya ya yi daidai da tsananin soyayya da Fa'iza da jarrabawar karatu da ke tafe da za ta tantance makomarsa. Duk yana cikin haɗari, duk da haka, lokacin da magungunan gida suka yi barazanar jefa Majid cikin karkatacciyar hanya.