cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Albert Rose-Innes
Rayuwa da aiki
An ji masa mummunan rauni a yakin Boer na biyu kuma bai samu cikakkiyar lafiya ba. Ya yi ritaya da wuri daga aikinsa a ofishin sufurin jiragen ruwa, kuma tare da matarsa, Margaret, sun tafi zama a cikin wasu bukkoki na rondavel na laka da ke kallon bakin kogin Quinera a Bonza Bay, a wajen gabashin London, inda suka yi kiwonsu. ina, Reggie.
Albert Rose-Innes ya auri Margaret Evelyn Foster (an haife shi a shekarar 1885, Wells, Somerset, Ingila kuma ya mutu a shekarar 1991 a Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu). Suna da ɗa ɗaya, Reginald Rose-Innes (an haife shi a Gabashin London, Afirka ta Kudu, 28 ga watan Fabrairun 1915, ya mutu Ringmer, Gabashin Sussex, Ingila, 16 ga watan Janairun 2012); jikan daya, Crispin Rose-Innes (an haife shi Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu 27 ga watan Janairun 1949); da jika ɗaya, Joanna Rose-Innes (an haifi Crawley, Ingila 7 ga watan Disambar 1954).
Sunayen Ranaku
Ranakun mako da sunan mutanen da ake yi ma laƙabi dasu Sunan Rana Kamar yadda ƙabilu da al'adu ke da sunaye daban-daban da dalilin sanya su, sunan rana na ɗaya daga cikin sunayen da Hausawa ke yin laƙabi da su. Sunan rana shi ne sunan da ake ba mutum laƙabi dashi akan ranar da aka haifi mutum a ita, mace ko namiji kamar yadda muke da kwanakin mako guda Bakwai: Wadannan sune sunayen kwanakin mako a Hausa. Sunayen dake sama sune sunayen ranakun da akeyin laƙabi da su
Mutanen Toubou
Toubou, ko Tubu (daga Old Tebu, ma'anar "mutanen dutse"), ƙabilu ne da ke zaune a arewacin Chadi, kudancin Libya, arewa maso gabashin Niger da arewa maso yammacin Sudan. Suna rayuwa ko dai a matsayin makiyaya ko kuma kamar manoma kusa da dausayi. Al’ummarsu ta dangi ne, tare da kuma kowace dangi suna da wasu alamomi, wuraren kiwo da rijiyoyi.
Toubou gabaɗaya sun kasu kashi biyu ƙungiyoyi masu alaƙa da haɗin gwiwa: Teda (ko Téda, Toda) da Dazagra (ko Dazaga, Dazagara, Daza). An yi imanin cewa suna da asali ɗaya kuma suna magana da yarukan Tebu, waɗanda suke daga reshen Sahara na dangin harshen Nilo-Sahara. Tebu ya kasu kashi biyu zuwa yare masu alaƙa da juna, ana kiransu Tedaga (Téda Toubou) da Dazaga (Dazaga Gouran).
Teda na Toubou na zaune ne a can arewacin arewacin Chadi, a kewayen iyakokin Libya da Niger da kuma tsaunukan Tibesti. Ana kuma samun mutanen Dazagra a arewacin Chadi da wani yanki na gabashin Nijar da arewa maso yammacin Sudan. Daga cikin kungiyoyin biyu, Dazagra, wanda aka samu a kudancin Teda, sun fi yawa da yawan mutane 1,500,000, yayin da Teda ke da lamba 750,000 kawai.
Ana kiran mutanen Toubou da mutanen Tabu, Tebu, Tebou, Tibu, Tibbu, Toda, Todga, Todaga, Tubu, Tuda, Tudaga, da Umbararo. A wasu lokuta ana kiran Dazaga a matsayin Gouran (ko Gorane, Goran, Gourane), baƙon Larabawa. Yawancin shugabannin Chadi sun kasance Toubou (Gouran), ciki har da shugaban ƙasa Goukouni Oueddei da Hissène Habré.
Rarrabuwa
Mutanen Toubou a tarihi sun rayu a arewacin Chadi, arewa maso gabashin Nijar, da kudancin Libya. A wasu lokuta akan kira su da "baƙin makiyaya na Sahara". An rarraba su a faɗin babban yanki a tsakiyar Sahara, da kuma arewa maso tsakiyar Sahel. Ana samun su musamman a arewacin tsaunukan Tibesti, wanda a Old Tebu ke nufin "Dutsen Rocky." Sunansu ya samo asali ne daga wannan.
Ana samun Teda a farko a yankunan Sahara kusa da kan iyakar kudu maso gabashin Libya, arewa maso gabashin Niger da arewacin Chadi. Suna ɗaukar kansu a matsayin mayaƙa. Dazagra suna rayuwa zuwa yankin Sahel kuma sun bazu a yawancin yankin tsakiyar tsakiyar Chadi. Dazagra ya kunshi dangi da yawa. Wasu manyan dangi na Dazagara, ko Gouran, sun haɗa da Anakaza, Dazza, Donza, Gaida, Kamaya, Karra, Kokorda, Mourdia, Wanja, Yierah, da Choraga. Dazagra ya rufe yankunan arewacin Bourkou, da Ennedi Plateau, da tsaunukan Tibesti da kuma Bahr el Gazel a kudu. Akwai al'ummar Dazaga da ke zaune a Omdurman, Sudan da dubun dubatan da ke aiki a Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. <ref name="FageOliver1975p287a"/
Tarihi
Tsohon tarihin mutanen Toubou bai tabbata ba. Wataƙila suna da alaƙa da 'Habashawan' da Herodotus ya ambata a cikin 430 KZ, a matsayin mutanen da Garamantes ke farautar su, amma wannan zato ne, kamar yadda Jean Chapelle ke jayayya.
A cikin wallafe-wallafen addinin Islama, ambaton farko kamar mutanen Tubu shine watakila tare da mutanen Zaghawa a cikin rubutun karni na 8 da masanin Larabci Ibn Qutaybah ya yi. Ƙarni na 9 al-Khwarizmi ya ambaci mutanen Daza (kudancin Toubou). <ref name="FageOliver1975p287a" Suna wakiltar kashi 2.9% na yawan jama'ar Chadi.
Al'umma
Toubou na rayuwa a cibiyoyin kiwon da kuma wurin kiwon su da dabbobi, ko a kan noma da warwatse fadamu inda suka noma kwanakin da hatsi da kuma legumes. Shanunsu sun hada da dromedaries, awaki, shanu, jakuna da tumaki. Dabbobin babban bangare ne na dukiyoyinsu, kuma suna kasuwancin dabbobin. Hakanan ana amfani da dabbobin a matsayin wani bangare na biyan sadaki yayin aure, ko dai a matsayin ɗaya inda dangin ango suka amince su biya dangin amarya a madadin amaryar, ko kuma, in ji Catherine Baroin, dangin amaryar ne suke bayarwa don samarwa da ma'auratan hanyoyin tattalin arziki domin fara iyali.
A wasu 'yan wurare, Toubou din ma gishiri ne da natron,  abu mai kama da gishiri wanda yake da mahimmanci a kusan dukkanin abubuwan rayuwar ta Toubou daga dalilan magani, a matsayin cakuda tauna taba, adanawa, tanning, sabulu samarwa, kayan masaku da na dabbobi. Yawan karance-karance tsakanin Toubou yayi kaɗan.
Iyali da dangi
Yawancin mutanen Toubou har yanzu suna bin salon makiyaya. Waɗanda suka fi son zaman lafiya galibi suna rayuwa ne a cikin tafin dabino, mai kusurwa huɗu ko silinda. '' Toubou ' yan uwan juna ne, tare da wani dattijo namiji da ke jagorantar zuriyar. Umurnin na biyu na dangin Toubou shine na dangi.
A cewar Jean Chapelle, farfesa a fannin Tarihi da ya kware kan ƙabilun Chadi, tsarin dangin ya bunkasa ne ta hanyar larura. Rayuwar makiyaya na nufin watsewa ko'ina cikin yanki; sabili da haka, kasancewa cikin dangi yana nufin cewa mutum na iya samun mutanen dangi masu karɓar baƙi a yawancin ƙauyuka ko sansanonin kowane irin yanayi. Abu na biyu shine kiyaye alaƙa da dangin uwa. Kodayake dangin uwa ba su mamaye tsakiyar gidan iyayensu ba, amma suna ba da alaƙa. Abu na uku shine alaƙar kariya a gidan farko.
Duk da rabe-raben yare daban-daban, ƙananan hukumomi a cikin Toubou suna haifar da mahimmancin ra'ayi na ainihi fiye da dangi. Akwai rarrabuwa na yanki, kodayake. A lokacin mulkin mallaka (kuma tun bayan samun 'yanci a 1960), gwamnatocin Chadi sun ba da doka da halalci a kan wadannan rukuni na yanki ta hanyar rarraba yankunan Toubou da Daza a cikin yankuna masu dacewa da ake kira kantuna da nada sarakuna don gudanar da su.
Tsare-tsaren shari'a na Toubou gabaɗaya sun dogara ne da shari'ar Musulunci, wanda ke ba da damar ramawa da ramuwar gayya. Misali, kisan kai ana daidaita shi kai tsaye tsakanin dangin wanda aka kashe da wanda ya yi kisan. Girmamawa ta Toubou na bukatar wani daga dangin wanda aka kashe yayi kokarin kashe mai kisan kai ko danginsa; irin wannan kokarin a ƙarshe ya kare da tattaunawa don sasanta lamarin. Sulhu ya biyo bayan biyan Goroga (tsarin addinin Islama na Diyya ), ko kuɗin jini. Daga cikin dangin Tomagra na mutanen Teda a cikin yankin Tibesti, akwai wata tsiya (shugaban ruhaniya) wanda aka yarda da shi a matsayin alkalin dangi, kuma yana sasanta rikici da sanya takunkumi.
Tsarin zaman jama'a
Jama'ar Toubou, in ji Jean Chapelle, an daidaita su ta hanyar zamantakewar al'umma tare da tsarin saka katun. Ƙungiyoyin uku sun ƙunshi masu 'yanci tare da haƙƙin mallaka na mallaka, ƙwararrun masu fasaha da bayi.
Ƙungiyoyin Azza (ko Aza ) a cikin Toubou suna da sana'o'in hannu, kamar su aikin ƙarfe, aikin fata, haƙar gishiri, haƙa rijiya, noman dabino, tukwane da ɗinki, kuma a al'adance an raina su kuma an ware su daga wasu bangarorin na. Toubou, yayi kama da hadahadin Hadahid a kudu maso gabashin Chadi a tsakanin mutanen Zaghawa. A cewar Paul Lovejoy - farfesa a Tarihin Afirka, bayanan na karni na 19 sun nuna cewa waɗannan keɓaɓɓun mawaƙa na Toubou sun bi al'adu da al'adu iri ɗaya kamar na sauran 'yan Toubou, amma suna da' yanci a cikin siyasarsu da imaninsu, kamar yadda masu fasahar kere kere suka samo a cikin kabilu da yawa na gabashin Chadi kamar su Kanembu, Yedina, Arab, Kouri da Danawa.
Aure tsakanin memba na Azza da memba daga wani yanki daban na mutanen Toubou ya kasance abin yarda da al'adu. Yaren da mutanen Azza suke amfani da shi ya bambanta na yaren Tebu.
Ƙananan socialan zamantakewar al'umma sune bayi (Kamaja). Bayi sun shiga cikin garin Toubou daga hare-hare da yaƙe-yaƙe a kan wasu ƙabilun a ƙasashe zuwa kudu. Duk bayi dukiyar iyayengijinsu ce, asalinsu ya kasance abin birgewa ne, kuma an gaji matsayinsu ta hanyar haihuwa.
Aure
Al'adar Toubou ta hana aure tsakanin 'yan uwan juna, al'adar da ta zama ruwan dare tsakanin ƙabilun Musulmai da yawa a Afirka. Namiji na iya yin aure kuma yana da mata da yawa bisa ka'idojin Islama, amma, wannan aikin ya zama sananne a cikin al'ummar Toubou.
Mallakar ƙasa, dabbobi, da albarkatu ya ɗauki nau'uka da yawa. A cikin wani yanki ko yanki da aka mallaka na dangi, ƙasar, bishiyoyi (yawanci itacen dabino), kuma rijiyoyin da ke kusa na iya samun masu daban. Haƙƙin kowane dangi game da amfani da yanki na musamman wasu mambobin dangi ne suka yarda dashi. Hakanan iyalai na iya samun dama ta musamman zuwa wasu rijiyoyi da haƙƙin ɓangaren girbi daga gonakin da aka shayar da su. A cikin dangin dangi da na dangi, mutane na iya samun da'awar kansu ga dabino da dabbobi.
Yanayin zamani
Mafi yawan ajin siyasa na Chadi an samo su ne daga Dazagra. A lokacin yaƙin basasar farko na kasar Chadi (1966-1979), yaƙin neman zaɓe ya sami matsayi mafi mahimmanci. A cikin 1965 gwamnatin Chadi ta karɓi iko kai tsaye kan tsaunukan Tibesti, ta aika da ayarin sojoji da masu gudanarwa zuwa Bardaï, babban birnin yankin Tibesti. A cikin shekara guda, cin zarafin hukuma ya haifar da adawa mai ƙarfi tsakanin Toubou. Derde, Oueddei Kichidemi, an san shi amma ba a girmama shi ba har zuwa wannan lokacin, ya nuna rashin amincewa da wuce gona da iri, ya yi hijira zuwa Libya, kuma, tare da goyon bayan ɗaliban Toubou a Jami'ar Musulunci ta Bayda, ya zama alama ta adawa ga gwamnatin Chadi. Wannan rawar ta haɓaka matsayin wasan tsere tsakanin Toubou.
Bayan shekarar 1967 da derde fatan haduwa da Toubou da National Liberation Front na Chadi (FROLINAT). Moa'idodin ɗabi'a sun zama ikon soja jim kaɗan bayan haka lokacin da ɗansa, Goukouni Oueddei, ya zama ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin ƴan tawayen neman Ƴanci na biyu na FROLINAT. Goukouni ya zama ɗan ƙasa; ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a yakin N'Djamena a 1979 da 1980 kuma ya yi shugaban kasa na wani lokaci. Wani dan arewa, Hissène Habré na Dazagra, ya maye gurbin Goukouni na Teda a 1982, kuma ya rasa iko a ƙarshe ga Zaghawa Idriss Déby bayan shekaru 8.
Libya
'Yan tsirarun' yan kabilar Toubou a Libya sun gamu da abin da aka bayyana da "nuna wariya mai yawa" duka a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Muammar Gaddafi da ma bayan yakin basasar Libya.
A cikin wani rahoto da UNHCR ta fitar, ƙungiyar da ke fuskantar barazanar mutane (STP) ta ba da rahoton "nuna bambanci sosai" ga 'yan tsirarun Toubou, wadanda ke zaune a kusurwar kudu maso gabashin kasar a kusa da garin Kufra. A watan Disambar 2007, gwamnatin Gaddafi ta kwace wa Toubou Libya 'yan ƙasar ta, ta hanyar da'awar cewa su ba' yan Libya ba ne, a'a 'yan Chadi ne. Bugu da kari, hukumomin yankin sun hana mutanen Toubou damar samun ilimi da kiwon lafiya. A martanin da ta mayar, wata kungiya mai dauke da makamai da ake kira Toubou Front for the Salvation of Libya (TFSL) ta tayar da wani tawaye a watan Nuwamba na shekarar 2008 wanda ya dauki tsawon kwanaki biyar kuma ya yi sanadiyyar rayukan mutane 33 kafin jami’an tsaron gwamnati su murƙushe su. Duk da turjiya da la'antar jama'a, gwamnatin Gaddafi ta ci gaba da gallazawa tsirarun 'yan ƙabilar Toubou a Libya. Tun daga watan Nuwamba na 2009, gwamnati ta fara shirin korar tilastawa da rusa gidajen Toubou, wanda ya mayar da Toubou da yawa gidajensu. Da yawa da suka yi zanga-zangar halakar an kame, kuma an yi wa dangin da suka ƙi barin gidajensu duka.
A yaƙin basasar Libya, mutanen ƙabilar Toubou a Libya sun goyi bayan 'yan tawaye masu adawa da Gaddafi kuma suka halarci kamfen din Fezzan kan sojojin da ke biyayya ga Mu'ammar Gaddafi, suka kame garin Qatrun a takaice kuma suka ce sun kama Murzuk saboda kungiyar' yan tawayen a watan daga baya.
A watan Maris na shekara ta 2012, rikici ya barke tsakanin Toubou da kabilun Larabawa a kudancin garin Sabha, Libya. A martanin da ya mayar, Issa Abdel Majid Mansour, shugaban kabilar Toubou a Libya ya yi barazanar neman ballewa, inda ya yi tir da abin da ya gani a matsayin "tsabtace kabilanci" a kan Toubou kuma ya ce "Muna sanar da sake kunnawa kungiyar Toubou don Ceton Libya don karewa mutanen Toubou daga tsarkake kabilanci. " TFSL ita ce kungiyar adawa da ke aiki a rikice-rikicen 2007-2008 wanda gwamnatin Gaddafi ta “tsananta wa rashin tausayi”.
1997
1997 ita ce shekara ta dubu ɗaya da dari tara ta tisa'in da bakwai a ƙirgar Miladiyya.
Dibo
Dibo ƙabila ce dake tsakiyar Najeriya. Suna kusa da garin Bida kuma galibi musulmai ne. Harshen yana da alaƙa da Nupe, na Nupoid, reshe. Kuma yaren iyali ne tare da Nupe. Ana kuma samun su galibi a Lapai, jihar Niger, da FCT Abuja, da Kwara. tare da kamanceceniya da;
Ƴan ƙabilar sun mamaye kashi 60 na ƙasar Lapai, a matsayin matsugunin su na farko
Jumoke Odetola
Jumoke Odetola yar wasan kwaikwayo ce a Najeriya. Ta fara aikin Nollywood ne a fim ɗin Turanci, kafin ta fara fina-finai na yarbanci da dama.
Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Odetola ta yi karatun sakandare a Abeokuta Grammar School. Ta yi digirinta na farko ne daga Jami’ar Ajayi Crowther, inda ta samu digiri na farko a fannin Fasahar Sadarwa da Sadarwa / Kimiyyar Kwamfuta, daga nan ta wuce Jami’ar Tarayya ta Aikin Gona, Abeokuta, inda ta kammala karatun ta na digiri na biyu a fannin Kimiyyar Kwamfuta.
Ayyuka
A cewar wata hira da jaridar Punch, Odetola ta bayyana cewa yanke shawarar yin wasan ya saɓawa bukatun iyayenta. Amma cikawarta a masana'antar nishaɗi ya sa suka karɓi aikin da ta zaɓa. Ta kuma bayyana halinta a Wani wuri a cikin Duhu, fim da ya fito da Gabriel Afolayan a matsayin fim dinta mafi kalubale. Ta ambaci Majid Michel da Omotola Jalade Ekehinde a matsayin manyan wayoi a zamanin da ta fito a matsayin yar wasan kwaikwayo yayin da Abiodun Jimoh ita ce babbar jagorar ta a harkar fim.
Kyauta
Jumoke Odetola ta zama Kyakkyawar Ƴar wasa a Gasar Kyautar Jama'a ta City People, 2018.
Tafsirin Baydawi
Anwar al-Tanzil wa-Asrar al-Ta'wil ( أنوار التنزيل وأسرار التأويل   ' Hasken Wahayi da Sirrin Tafsiri ' ), wanda aka fi sani da Tafsirul Baydawi ( تفسير البيضاوي   ), yana ɗaya daga cikin fitattun ayyukan tafsirin Ƙur'ani na Ahlus-Sunnah na gargajiya ( tafsiri ) wanda malamin musulunci na ƙarni na 13 al-Bidawi (d.1319) ya tsara, ya bunƙasa musamman a tsakanin yankunan musulmi na Larabawa.
Stockholm
Stockholm birni ne, da ke a yankin Stockholm, a ƙasar Sweden. Shi ne babban birnin ƙasar Sweden kuma da babban birnin yankin Stockholm. Bisa ga ƙidayar jama'a a shekarar 2017, jimilar mutane 1,515,017 (miliyan ɗaya da dubu dari biyar da sha biyar da sha bakwai). An gina birnin Stockholm a karni na sha uku bayan haihuwar Annabi Isah.
Tafsirin Baydawi
Tafsirin Baydawi dai ana ganin yana ɗauke da mafi taƙaitaccen bayani kan yadda Alkur'ani ya yi amfani da nahawun Larabci da salo har ya zuwa yau kuma musulmi sun yaba da shi da wuri a matsayin babban abin da ke nuni da kasantuwar Ƙur'ani mai muhimmanci da tsarinsa ( ''i'jaz ma). 'nawi wa-lughawi'' ) a cikin adabin Sunna . Don haka ne masana suka zaɓo aikin da cewa yana da muhimmanci a al’adance, saboda shahararsa da tasirinsa, kuma an rubuta tafsirai da dama kan ayyukan Baydawi. A cewar malamin Islama na wannan zamani Gibril Fouad Haddad, aikin "ya kasance kuma ya kasance har tsawon ƙarni bakwai mafi yawan karatun tafsiri," kuma ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin "tafsiri mafi mahimmanci a kan Kur'ani a tarihin Musulunci . ”
Aikin ya zama ɗaya daga cikin tafsirai na yau da kullum a duniyar musulmi, inda ya sami tafsiri da yawa da kuma yawan karatu a darussan madrasa kan tafsirin Ƙur'ani, kuma yana daya daga cikin tafsirin Ƙur'ani na farko da aka buga a Turai (1846-48).
Wannan aikin ya dogara ne a kan aikin al-Zamakhshari 's al-Kashshaf ("bayyana") a baya. Al-Kashshaf, wanda ke nuna ilimi mai girma, yana da ra'ayoyin Mu'utazilawa, wasu daga cikinsu al-Bidawi ya gyara, wasu kuma ya tsallake. Tafsirin Baydawi kuma ya dogara ne akan Mufradat Alfaz al-Qur'an na al-Raghib al-Isfahani da tafsirinsa, da kuma al-Tafsir al-Kabir (ko Mafatih al-Ghayb ) na Fakhr al-Din al- Razi.
Bayani
Aikin ya samu karɓuwa a wajen malaman tauhidin Sunna tun lokacin da aka tsara shi. An rubuta tafsirin tafsirin Baydawi sama da 130 cikin harshen Larabci. Brockelmann (1898) ya lissafo tamanin da uku daga cikin irin wadannan ayyuka, inda mafi shaharar shi ne sharhin juzu’i na Shihab al-Din al-Khafaji (d. Masar 1069/1659) da kuma haske na Muhammad B. Muslim a-Din Mustafa al-Kuhi (d. 951/1544), wanda kuma ya haɗa da dogon magana daga sharhin Fakhr al-Din al-Razi. Tafsirin Al-baydawi ya samu karɓuwa a yankuna na kasashen musulmin da ba na larabawa ba, kamar a yankin Indo da Pakistan da musulmin kudu maso gabashin Asiya. Ta zama madogara mai mahimmanci ga sharhin Malay na Abd al-Ra'uf al-Singkili a kan dukan Ƙur'ani, Tarjuman Almustafid ("Mai fassarar abin da ke ba da fa'ida"), wanda aka rubuta a kusa da 1085/1675. Ya zama babban rubutu a makarantun hauza na musulmi a lardin Arewa maso yamma na Pakistan, Malaysia, Indonesia da sauran wurare, yana ba da gabatarwa ga tafsirin Kur'ani.
Marubuci
Al-Baydawi masani ne a kan tafsirin Kur'ani, fikihu, da tiyolojin musulunci. An haife shi a Bayda, kusa da Shiraz, Farisa. Ya kasance malamin Shafi'i - Ash'ari, alkali, Sufi ( sufi ) kuma mai tafsirin Alkur'ani ( mufassir ). Al-Baidawi ya girma ya zama Shafi'i mai tsauri a fannin shari'a da Ash'ari a tauhidi kuma yana adawa da Shi'a da Mu'utazila. Ya rubuta wasu ayyuka na ilimi da dama a cikin rukunan imani, fikihu, da Larabci, da kuma tarihi a cikin Farisa. Shi ne kuma marubucin littattafan tauhidi da yawa. Babban aikinsa shi ne tafsirin Alkur'ani. Bayan ya zama alƙali a Shiraz, ya ƙaura zuwa Tabriz, inda ya rasu a shekara ta 685 bayan hijira.
Mahaifin Al-baydawi shi ne babban alkalin lardin Fars. Kakansa, Fakhr al-Din 'Ali al-Baydawi, shi ma ya kasance babban alkali. Al-Baydawi ya kasance babba a wajen mahaifinsa. Ya yi imani cewa malamansa malamai ne suka koyar da su, waɗanda kuma malamai suka koyar da su daga ƙarshe sun sami iliminsu daga Annabi Muhammadu. A cewarsa, na kakansa ya fito ne daga zuriyar ɗaliban Abu Hamid al-Ghazali (d. 505/1111).
Alƙur'an, fassarar turanci na farko ya yi amfani da saukakawa da aikin Al-Baydawi ya samu yayin da ci gaba da tafsirin ke sake buga Alqur'ani gaba ɗayansa.
Suka
Al-baydawi dai ya jawo suka saboda gajarta rubuce-rubucensa, da kuma rashin inganci, inda wasu malamai suka zarge shi da barin wasu ra'ayoyin Mu'utazila da al-Zamakhshari ke da shi su shiga cikin Anwar al-Tanzil.
Fassara
Gibril Fouad Haddad ne ya gudanar da babban aikin fassara zuwa Turanci. Haddad Babban Mataimakin Farfesa ne a SOASCIS a cikin Tafsirin Kwatancen. An haife shi a birnin Beirut na kasar Lebanon kuma ya yi karatu a Birtaniya da Amurka da Faransa da Lebanon da Siriya. Ya yi digirin digirgir a Kolej Universiti Insaniah, Kedah Darul Aman, Malaysia da Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Columbia, New York, Amurka inda ya kasance mai karɓar abokan hulɗa da yawa ciki har da ɗaya a babbar makarantar Ecole Normale Supérieure a Paris, Faransa. Ya kuma sauke karatun summa cum laude daga Jami'ar New York Latin da Cibiyar Giriki. Haddad ya shafe shekaru tara yana karatu a birnin Damascus na ƙasar Siriya (1997-2006) kuma ya sami ijaza (lasisi na ilimi) daga wajen shaihunai sama da 150 kuma ya rubuta littafai da dama da ɗaruruwan maƙaloli a tafsirin tafsirin Musulunci da rukunan da hadisi da tarihin rayuwa da bidi'a.
Ya yi karatu a kan Alkur'ani, Hadisi, Tarihin Annabi ( Seerah ) da Sufanci a kasashe da dama. An bayyana shi a cikin bugu na farko na Musulmai 500 Mafi Tasiri a Duniya a matsayin "daya daga cikin fitattun muryoyin Musulunci na gargajiya a Yamma."
Mohamed El Mazem
Mohamed El Mazem ( محمد المازم  ), mawaƙi ne  daga Haɗaɗɗiyar Daular Larabawa.
Rayuwar farko
Sakin shi ne ainihi ya kasance a shekarar 1989, lokacin da ya gabatar da faifai, "Habib wanda ba zuciyata ba ce" kuma a yanzu ya mallaki faya-fayai 15, wadanda akasarinsu wakokin soyayya ne.
Ƙamus
Ƙamus turanci dictionary, kuma akan kira shi da suna littafin kalmomi, kundi ne na tarin kalmomi a Jere, a cikin harshe ko harsuna daban-daban, ana kuma jera kalmomin ne a   tsarin zuwan baƙaƙe, ƙamus na dauke da bayanai na ma'anoni, anfani, etymologies, furucci, fassarori, na kalmomin dake cikin harshe da sauran su. ko kuma ƙamus kan zama wani littafi ne dake ƙunshe da kalmomin dake cikin wata harshe da kuma irin su daga wata harshen, wanda ake kira da turanci lexicon. It is a lexicographical reference that shows inter-relationships among the data.
Akwai babban muhimmin banbanci da akayi tsakanin ƙamus na gama gari wanda ake kira da general da kuma ƙamus mai muhimmanci wato specialized dictionary. Shi ƙamus mai muhimmanci yana ɗauke ne da kalmomi da suka keɓanci wani fanni na ilimi kawai, bawai yana ɗauke da dukkanin kalmomin harshe bane. Su kuma kalman da ake amfani da su wurin fayyace kowane ma'ana na kalmomin ana kiran sune da suna terms bawai kalmomi ba wato words. Har wayau akwai wasu nau'ukan ƙamus, waɗanda ke da tsarin su daban, misali, ƙamus mai harsuna biyu bilingual (translation) dictionary, ƙamus mai bada ma'anoni iri ɗaya dictionary of synonym (thesaurus), da kuma ƙamus da ake kira rhyming dictionary da turanci.
Akwai kuma banbanci tsakanin ƙamus prescriptive da descriptive; na farkon na nufin yin bayani akan abunda ake gani shine ingantacce a wurin amfani da harshe inda na biyun ke nufin yin bayani akan abunda shine ake amfani da kalmomi da su zahiri.
An samu cewa farkon samun amfani da ƙamus ya faro run a lokacin Sumer, amma yawan cin ƙamus ɗin lokacin na ma'anar harsuna ne, (wato bilingual dictionaries).
Damakawa
Damakawa ƙabila ce ta kusan mutane 500-1000 a arewa maso yammacin Najeriya. Suna zaune a ƙauyuka uku kusa da Maganda a ƙaramar hukumar Sakaba, akan hanyar Dirindaji to Makuku road in Sakaba jihar Kebbi,  Sun kasance suna magana da yaren Damakawa, amma tunanin yaren a yanzu ya kuma soma bacewa. Hasali ma a yanzu babu mutum daya da zai iya cikakkiyar magana da harshen. Mafi akasarin kananan yara da matasa sun koma amfani da harshen C'Lela a matsayin yarensu na farko.
Ɗaɗɗoya
Ɗaɗɗoya (Ocimum basilicum)Doddoya (Scent Leaf): Wannan ganye da akafi amfani dashi a miya ko a dafa-duka domin karin kamshin abinci, yana da matukar amfani ga lafiya. Binciken masana kayan abinci da na ganyaye da dama bai nuna illar wannan ganye ba ga lafiya,
Sai dai ma nuni ga amfanin da zai iya yi wa mutane masu farfadiya da hawan jini. Muna da magunguna daban-daban daban na cututtuka daban.
Precious Chikwendu Fani-Kayode
Precious Chikwendu Fani-Kayode (an haifeta ranar 25 ga watan Mayu, 1989). Ta riƙe matsayin (pageant beauty), ta fito ne daga Etti-Nanka, jihar Anambra. Ta kasance abin koyi kuma jaruma a masana'antar fim ta Nollywood.
Rayuwar Farko da Ilimi
Precious itace ya ta biyu a dangin yara bakwai. Ta yi karatun firamare a Makurdi International School, Jihar Benue. Ta halarci makarantar sakandare ta ECWA, North Bank Makurdi, jihar Benue don makarantar sakandare.
Ta kammala karatun ta a Jami'ar Calabar, Jihar Cross River, inda ta samu digirin Bachelor of Science (BSc) a Kimiyyar Muhalli (Tsaro da Kula da Dabbobin daji).
Sana’a
A cikin 2007, Precious ta zama ta biyu a matsayi na biyu a gasar Prettiest Girl Nigeria kuma ta kuma shiga gasar Miss Earth Nigeria Pageant, inda ta kare a cikin Manyan 10.
A cikin 2010, ta kasance mai fafatawa a Miss Nigeria 2010, wanda aka gudanar a Abuja.
Precious ya kasance, mafi yawan kwanan nan, shine fuskar samfura da abubuwan da suka faru kamar Fuskar Safari da Fuskar Halittu. Ta yi tauraro a cikin tallace -tallacen talabijin da yawa, musamman Medik55 da Passions Energy Drink, duka magunguna na Orange Drugs.
Ta fara yin wasan kwaikwayo a 2007. Baya ga rawar da ta taka, kafin ta lashe kambun duniya, ta yi aiki a Star Advantage Company Calabar a matsayin manajan kasuwanci.
Precious Chikwendu Fani-Kayode an zabe ta a yanar gizo don wakiltar Najeriya a Miss United Nations Pageants a Jamaica, ta lashe kambun duniya a watan Yunin 2014.
Nasarori
Precious Chikwendu Fani-Kayode an zabe ta a yanar gizo don wakiltar Najeriya a Miss United Nations Pageants a Jamaica, ta lashe kambun duniya a watan Yunin 2014.
Ita ce ta kafa kuma Shugaba na Glowria Snow Fashion House.
Iyali
Precious ta auri Mista Femi Fani-Kayode. Suna da ɗa kuma sunansa Joshua Olufemi Emmanuel Lotanna Aragorn Fani-Kayode. A ranar 25 ga Mayu, 2018 Precious Chikwendu Fani-Kayode ta haifi ‘ya’ya uku (maza) a Asibitin DIFF.
Adetokunbo Ademola
Sir Adetokunbo Adegboyega Ademola, KBE, GCON, PC, SAN An haifeshi a ranar 1 ga watan Fabrairu 1906, kuma ya rasu a 29 ga watan Janairun 1993) ya kasance babban Lauyan Najeriya wanda shine Babban Alkalin Kotun Koli na Najeriya daga 1958 zuwa 1972. An nada shi a matsayin Babban Joji a ranar 1 ga watan Afrilu, a shekara ta 1958, inda ya maye gurbin Sir Stafford Foster Sutton wanda ke yin ritaya. Ademola ya kasance dan Oba Sir Ladapo Ademola II, Alake na dangin Egba na Najeriya. Shi ne kansila na farko na Jami'ar Benin.
Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Sir Adetokunbo a ranar 1 ga watan Fabrairu shekarar 1906, a cikin sarauta a matsayin ɗan Yarima Ladapo da Gimbiya Tejumade Ademola. Mahaifinsa mai sarauta ne na Gwamnatin Egba United a Legas wanda daga baya ya zama Ademola II, Alake na Egbaland, Abeokuta, birni mai tarihi mai bango na Egbas a kudu maso yammacin Najeriya. Mahaifiyarsa babbar yaya ce ga Sir Adeyemo Alakija. A lokacin da yakeda shekara hudu, ya ɗan zauna tare da kakan mahaifiyarsa,mai suna Pa Alakija, a Abeokuta, kuma bayan shekara guda ya fara karatun firamare a Makarantar Roman Katolika da ke Itesi, Abeokuta. Ya koma Legas lokacin yana dan shekara takwas ya zauna tare da mahaifiyarsa a gidan iyali a Broad St, daga baya ya ci gaba da karatunsa a Holy Cross School, Legas. Ya halarci Makarantar Grammar St Gregory, Obalende da King's College Lagos don karatun sakandare. Ya kammala karatun sakandare a shekarar 1925 sannan ya wuce Babbar jarrabawar Malami don samun shiga aikin farar hula na mulkin mallaka. Ya samu nadin mukamin magatakarda a ofishin babban sakatare na sakatariyar kasa, Legas. Daga 1928 zuwa 1931, Ademola yayi karatun lauya a Kwalejin Selwyn, Jami'ar Cambridge daga 1958 zuwa 1972, ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Joji
Sana'a
An kira Sir Adetokunbo zuwa mashaya a Middle Temple a London,shekarar 1934. Bayan ya dawo Najeriya kuma mahaifinsa ya nace, ya shiga aikin farar hula kuma daga 1934-35, ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara a ofishin Babban Lauyan Ƙasa. Daga nan ya shiga aikin haɗin gwiwar gwamnatin haɗin gwiwa ta Najeriya kuma na shekara guda, an tura shi Enugu a matsayin mataimakin sakatare a sakatariyar kudancin, Gabashin Najeriya. Ya bar aikin kuma ya fara aiki na sirri daga 1936 zuwa 1939, lokacin da aka naɗa shi Alkalin Kotun Kare. A shekarar 1938, ya shiga kungiyar Matasan Najeriya. A matsayinsa na alkali, an tura shi garuruwa daban -daban na Najeriya; Ademola ya yi aiki a Warri daga 1939-1946, sannan ya dawo Legas a 1946 don shugabantar Kotun St Anna. A cikin 1947, an tura shi zuwa Opobo. A 1949, ya zama ɗan Najeriya na uku da aka nada alƙali mai ƙuruciya. A cikin 1948 ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na hukumar don sake duba dokokin kotu.
Vesoul
Vesoul gari ne da ke sashen Haute-Saône a yankin Bourgogne-Franche-Comté dake gabashin kasar Faransa.
Itace yanki mafi girma na sashen tare da mutane akalla mutum 15,212 a shekara ta 2014.
An gina ta a bisa tsaunin La Motte a farkon karni tare da suna Castrum Vesulium. Sannu ahankali, garin ya habaka zuwa cibiyar kasuwanci da cinikayya ta Turai. A karshen shekarun tsaka-tsaki, garin ya fuskanci yanayi na tsanani da suka hada da annoba iri iri da kuma rikice-rikicen cikin gida.
Birnin itace babbar birnin sashen Haute-Saône.
1996
1996 ita ce shekara ta dubu ɗaya da dari tara ta tisa'in da shida a ƙirgar Miladiyya.
Chelsea F.C.
Kulub din kwallon kafa na Chelsea kulob ɗin ƙwararrun ƴan ƙwallon ƙafa ne dake wasa a birnin Landan, suna fafatawa a gasar firemiya League, wanda shine babban gasar ƙwallon ƙafa a ƙasar ingila. Kulub ɗin ta lashe kofin league takwas, Kofin FA takwas,da League Cup biyar, FA garkuwa jama'a  hudu, 'UEFA Europa' League daya, 'UEFA Super Cup' daya,  kofin masu nasara na 'UEFA'  daya, da kuma UEFA gasan zakarun turai ɗaya.
Tarihi
An kafa ta a 1905, gidan wasan kulob ɗin tun kafa ta itace Stamford Bridge. Chelsea ta fara lashe kofin ta na farko rukunin farko tun a 1955 daga nan kulob ɗin ta fara samun nasarori kaɗan kaɗan, har zuwa 2003, lokacin da mai kudin ƙasar Rasha wato Roman Abramovich ya saye ta. . [[File:2020-03-10 Fußball, Männer, UEFA gasan zakarun turai Achtelfinale, RB Leipzig - Tottenham Hotspur 1DX 4068 by Stepro.jpg|thumb|Tsohon kocin kungiyar Chelsea fc kenan. [[José Mourinho]] shine mafi samun nasara a cikin waɗanda suka rike kulob ɗin, idan a kayi la'akari da yawan lashe manyan kyautuka, kuma ƴan wasan sa ne suka kafa tarihi a yawan maki a kasar ingila a tsakanin 2004 da 2005. Chelsea tun kafuwar su suke amfani da kaya mai launin shudi da farar safa.  kulob din na da hamayya sosai tsakanin sa da makwabtan sa dake landan, kamar Fulham, Arsenal FC, da Tottenham Hotspur. Chelsea Olympiakos CL2008.jpg Dangane da martabar arzikin kulub din, Chelsea sune na bakwai a duniya, da arzikin su ya kai £1.54 biliyan ($2.06 billiyan), kuma sune na takwas a samun kudin shiga na kulub din kwallon kafa a duniya, da samun da ya zarce €428 miliyan a 2017–18 kaka.  dan gane da yan kallo kulob din ita ce na Shida a yawan magoya baya a kasar ingila..
Manazarta
.
Tsaure
Tsaure, Cymbopogon caesius subsp. giganteus (Chiov.) Sales (syn. Cymbopogon giganteus Chiov.)
Haƙƙin zamantakewar jama'a
Haƙƙin zamantakewar jama'a an yarda a matsayin haƙƙin ɗan adam kuma an kafa haƙƙin taimakon zamantakewar al'umma ga waɗanda ba sa iya aiki saboda rashin lafiya, nakasa, haihuwa, rauni na aiki, rashin aikin yi ko tsufa. Tsarin tsaro na zamantakewar al'umma da jihohin da ke bayarwa sun hada da shirye-shiryen inshorar zaman takewar al'umma, wanda ke samar da fa'idojin ga ma'aikata da dangin su ta hanyar gudummawar aiki ko shirye-shiryen taimakon jin kai wanda ke samar da fa'idodin ba da gudummawa wanda aka tsara don samar da mafi karancin matakan tsaro ga zamantakewar mutane samun damar inshorar zamantakewa.
Sanarwar Duniya game da 'Yancin Dan Adam
Sanarwar Duniya game da 'Yancin Dan 'Adam ta amince da haƙƙin zamantakewar jama'a a cikin labarai ashirin da biyu 22, wanda ke cewa kamar haka:"'Kowane mutum, a matsayin memba na al'umma, yana da 'yancin walwala kuma yana da hakkin a tabbatar da shi, ta hanyar kokarin kasa da hadin kan kasa da kasa bisa tsari da albarkatun kowace Jiha, na tattalin arziki, zamantakewa da al'adu ba makawa. don mutuncinsa da kuma ci gaban mutumtaka kyauta. '"Da kuma labarai ashirin da biyar 25, wanda ke ba da haƙƙin samun daidaito na rayuwa, yana mai faɗin cewa:"'(1) Kowane mutum na da haƙƙin rayuwa daidai gwargwado don ƙoshin lafiyar sa da jin daɗin kansa da na danginsa, gami da abinci, tufafi, mahalli da kula da lafiya da kuma hidimomin zamantakewar da ake buƙata, da kuma haƙƙin tsaro na rashin aikin yi, rashin lafiya, nakasa, zawarawa, tsufa ko kuma wasu abubuwan rashin abin yi a cikin yanayin da ya fi karfinsa. (2) Uwa da yara suna da hakkin a ba su kulawa ta musamman da taimako. Duk yara, walau an haife su a cikin aure ko ba su aure ba, suna da irin wannan kariya ta zamantakewar"
Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan 'Yancin Tattalin Arziki, Zamantakewa da Al'adu
Mataki na 9 na Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan 'Yancin Tattalin Arziki, Zamantakewa da Al'adu (ICESCR) ta amince da "' yancin kowa da kowa ga tsaron rayuwa, gami da inshorar zamantakewar jama'a." Hakkin tabbatar da walwala da jin dadin jama'a an kara amincewa da shi a cikin Mataki na 10, wanda ya ce "ya kamata a bai wa iyaye mata kariya ta musamman a lokacin da ya dace kafin haihuwa da bayan haihuwa. A lokacin da irin wannan lokaci na aiki iyayensu ya kamata ace ke biya izinin ko tare da isasshen jindadin jama'a amfanin. "  kungiyoyin jihohi na (ICESCR) suna da alhakin girmamawa, kiyayewa da cika haƙƙin zamantakewar jama'a. A cikin Babban Magana ba 19 (2007) Akan Hakkin Tsaro na Jama'a kwamitin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Yancin Tattalin Arziki, Yanci da Al'adu ya fayyace cewa 'yancin tabbatar da zamantakewar al'umma kamar yadda yake a cikin (ICESCR) take kunshi:"''yancin samun dama da kuma kiyaye fa'idodi, walau a cikin kudi ko kuma iri, daga (a) rashin samun kudin shiga da ya shafi aiki sakamakon rashin lafiya, nakasa, haihuwa, raunin aiki, rashin aikin yi, tsufa, ko kuma mutuwar wani dangi; ( b) rashin samun damar kulawa da lafiya; (c) rashin isassun tallafi na iyali, musamman yara da manya masu dogaro da kai ”"An fahimci tsaro na zamantakewa ya ƙunshi rassa tara masu zuwa: isasshen sabis na kiwon lafiya, fa'idodin nakasa, amfanin tsufa, fa'idodin rashin aikin yi, inshorar rauni na aiki, tallafi na iyali da na yara, fa'idodin haihuwa, kariyar nakasa, da tanadi ga masu tsira da marayu. Bangarorin jihohi na ICESCR suna da aikin cika hakkin kula da zamantakewar al'umma ta hanyar daukar "matakan da suka dace, gami da aiwatar da tsarin tsaro na zamantakewar al'umma". Dole ne jam'ian jihohi su tabbatar da cewa "tsarin tsaro na zamantakewar jama'a zai wadatar, ya kasance mai sauki ga kowa kuma zai rufe kasada da abubuwan da ke faruwa". Har ila yau, jami'an jihohi suna da wani nauyi na sauƙaƙa haƙƙin tabbatar da tsaro ta zamantakewar jama'a ta hanyar "yarda da wannan haƙƙin a cikin tsarin siyasa da na ƙasa, zai fi dacewa ta hanyar aiwatar da dokoki" da "yin amfani da dabarun zaman lafiyar ƙasa".
Sauran abubuwan kare hakkin dan adam na duniya
Hakkin tabbatar da zaman lafiyar an kuma amince da shi a cikin Yarjejeniyar kawar da Duk wasu nau'ikan nuna wariyar launin fata wanda a cikin labarin na biyar ya bukaci bangarorin Jihohi dole ne su hana tare da kawar da nuna bambancin launin fata a cikin dukkan nau'ikansa, da kuma tabbatar da hakkin kowa "ba tare da bambanci ba kamar launin fata, launi, ko asalin ƙasa ko ƙabila, zuwa daidaito a gaban doka, musamman cikin jin daɗin haƙƙin lafiyar jama'a, kula da lafiya, tsaro na zamantakewa da sabis na zamantakewar jama'a ". Yarjejeniyar kan kawar da duk wasu nau'ikan nuna wariya ga mata ta kunshi 'yancin tabbatar da tsaro ga mata a cikin labarin na 11, inda ya bayyana cewa mata suna da "yancin walwala da jin dadin jama'a, musamman a batun ritaya, rashin aikin yi, rashin lafiya, rashin inganci da tsufa da sauran rashin iya aiki, da kuma 'yancin biyan hutu."
Yarjejeniyar kan Hakkokin Yaro ta sanya haƙƙin yara na zamantakewar al'umma a cikin labarin 26, yana mai faɗin cewa:"'(1) jam'iyun Jihohi za su amince wa kowane yaro haƙƙin cin gajiyar zamantakewar al'umma, gami da inshorar zamantakewar jama'a, kuma za su ɗauki matakan da suka dace don cimma cikakken haƙƙin wannan haƙƙin bisa ga dokar ƙasarsu. (2) Amfanin, inda ya dace, a ba da, la'akari da albarkatu da yanayin yaro da kuma mutanen da ke da alhakin kula da yaron, da kuma duk wani abin da ya dace da aikace-aikacen don fa'idodin da aka yi ko a madadin yaron. '"Yarjejeniyar ta kara yin bayani kan hakkin yara na tsaro na zamantakewar al'umma a cikin doka ta 18 dangane da iyaye masu aiki, tana mai cewa "Jihohin za su bayar da taimakon da ya dace ga iyaye da masu kula da harkokin shari'a wajen gudanar da ayyukan tarbiyyar yaransu kuma su tabbatar da ci gaban cibiyoyi, cibiyoyi da aiyuka don kula da yara." A cewar Yarjejeniyar "Bangarorin Jihohi za su dauki duk matakan da suka dace don tabbatar da cewa 'ya'yan iyayen da ke aiki suna da' yancin cin gajiyar ayyukan kula da yara da wuraren da suka cancanta." Mataki na 20 na Yarjejeniyar ya yi tanadi kan haƙƙin zamantakewar yara ba tare da iyaye ba, yana mai cewa "Yaro na ɗan lokaci ko na dindindin daga muhallin danginsa, ko kuma wanda ba za a bar shi ya ci gaba da zama a wannan yanayin ba, suna da damar samun kariya ta musamman da Jiha ta bayar. " Kuma cewa "Statesungiyoyin Jihohi daidai da dokokin ƙasarsu zasu tabbatar da madadin kulawa da irin wannan yaron."
Dangantaka da wasu hakkoki
Hakkin tabbatar da walwala da jin dadin jama'a yana da alaqa da kuma dogaro da wasu hakkoki na tattalin arziki, zamantakewa da al'adu, musamman 'yancin samun wadataccen tsarin rayuwa, gami da 'yancin cin abinci da ' yancin mallakar gidaje yancin yin aiki, da 'yancin kariya na iyali. Dangane da Kwamitin Kare Hakkin Dan-Adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya labarin 26 na Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa ta 'Yancin Dan Adam da Siyasa kan nuna wariya ya shafi hakkin tsaro na zamantakewa. A cikin Babban Sharhi daga 2000 Kwamitin ya nuna haƙƙin tabbatar da zamantakewar al'umma a matsayin yanki inda mata ke yawan fuskantar wariya.
Aiwatarwa
Gaba ɗaya a duniya samun damar tsaro na zamantakewa yayi ƙasa kuma kashi 80 cikin ɗari na yawan mutanen duniya ba su da wata damar samun kowace irin kariya ta zamantakewar yau da kullun.
1995
1995 ita ce shekara ta dubu ɗaya da dari tara ta tisa'in da biyar a ƙirgar Miladiyya.
Idris Haruna
Idris bin Haron (an haife shi a ranar 13 ga watan Mayu 1966 ) ɗan siyasan Malaysia ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Minista na 10 na Melaka daga watan Mayu 2013 zuwa Mayu 2018, memba na Majalisar Zartarwa ta Jihar Melaka (EXCO) daga watan Maris 2020 zuwa murabus a watan Oktoba 2021, memba na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Melaca A duniya, shi ne Shugaban Majalisar Matasa ta Duniya. Shi memba ne na Jam'iyyar Adalci ta Jama'a (PKR), wata jam'iyya ce ta hadin gwiwar Pakatan Harapan (PH). Ya kuma kasance memba na United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), wani bangare na jam'iyyar Barisan Nasional (BN).
Tarihi
Idris ya yi aure tare da 'ya'ya hudu. Don karatun firamare, ya tafi makarantu daban-daban guda huɗu: Sekolah Rendah Kebangsaan (SRK) Simpang Bekoh, SRK Belading, SRK Asahan daga 1973 zuwa 1977 da SRK Kubu daga 1977 zuwa 1978. Ya sami karatun sakandare a Sekolah Menengah Sains Muzaffar Syah (MOZAC), Melaka daga 1979 zuwa 1983. A MOZAC, ya zama ɗalibi mafi kyau a makarantar. Daga baya ya ci gaba da karatun sakandare a Jami'ar Texas a El Paso kuma ya sami digiri na farko a fannin Injiniyan Lantarki. Muradinsa shine ya zama matukin jirgi amma ya canza tunaninsa ya zama injiniyan lantarki a maimakon haka yayin tambayoyin.
Ya kasance Shugaban Taron Dalibai na Malaysia har sai da ya kammala a shekarar 1989. A shekara ta 1993 ya shiga cikin horo mai zurfi na harshen Jafananci a ITM kafin ya ci gaba da karatu a fagen fasaha a Cibiyar Kensyu da ke Tokyo, Japan. Kamfanin Kandenko Corporation Ltd ne ya horar da shi na tsawon watanni shida a Tokyo, Japan, a fagen tsarin rarraba wutar lantarki. Kafin zabensa a majalisar dokoki, Idris ya kasance shugaban majalisar gundumar Alor Gajah.
Ayyukan siyasa
An zabi Idris a majalisar tarayya a zaben 2004 don sabon kujerar Tangga Batu. A cikin shekara ta farko a majalisar, Idris ya yi labarai na kasa da kasa don yin korafin cewa kayan da ma'aikatan jirgin sama ke sawa a Malaysia Airlines zai haifar da fasinjoji maza da ke cin zarafin ma'aikatan. Bayan zaben 2008, an nada Idris Mataimakin Ministan Ilimi mafi girma a gwamnatin Abdullah Ahmad Badawi.
A cikin zaben 2013, Idris ya bar kujerar majalisa ta tarayya don yin takarar kujerar Sungai Udang a Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Malacca. Wannan yunkuri ya yi nisa da raguwa: hadin gwiwar Barisan Nasional ne ya aiwatar da shi don sanya shi a matsayin Babban Ministan Malacca, ya maye gurbin Mohd Ali Rustam. Kungiyar ta ci gaba da rinjaye a majalisar jihar kuma an rantsar da Idris a matsayin Babban Minista na goma na Malacca.
Mutanen Boki
Mutanen Boki (Bokyi) (wanda aka fi sani da suna Nki ) ƙabila ce da aka samo a jihar Kuros Riba, ta Nijeriya. Mutanen Boki galibi manoma ne wadanda kuma suka dogara da daji. Suna magana da yaren Bokyi, ɗaya daga cikin yarukan Bendi. A cikin shekarar 1979, yawan Bokyi ya wuce 190,000.
Galabgwe Moyana
Galabgwe Moyana (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga watan Mayu 1990) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Botswana wanda ke taka leda a Township Rollers, a matsayin ɗan wasan gefen hagu.
Sana'a
An haife shi a Gaborone, Moyana ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a ƙungiyoyin Notwane, Mochudi Center Chiefs, Polokwane City da Township Rollers.
Emirates
Emirates kamfanin zirga-zirgar jirgin sama ne mai mazauni a birnin Dubai, a ƙasar Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa. An kafa kamfanin a shekarar 1985. Yana da jiragen sama 256, daga kamfanin Airbus da Boeing.
Emmerson Mnangagwa
Emmerson Mnangagwa ɗan siyasan Zimbabwe ne. An haife shi a shekara ta 1942 a Zvishavane, Zimbabwe.
Emmerson Mnangagwa shugaban kasar Zimbabwe ne daga shekarar 2017 (bayan Robert Mugabe).
1994
1994 ita ce shekara ta dubu ɗaya da dari tara ta tisa'in da huɗu a ƙirgar Miladiyya.
Adewale Ademoyega
Adewale Ademoyega (ya rasu a ranar 21 ga watan Fabrairun 2007) yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan sojojin Najeriya biyar da suka jagoranci juyin mulkin shekarar 1966 wanda ya kawo ƙarshen mulkin dimokuraɗiyya na farko a Najeriya.
Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Adewale a Ode Remo da ke jihar Ogun a yankin kudu maso yammacin Najeriya a yau. Ya sami digiri a fannin tarihi a Jami'ar London. Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin ɗaliban farko da suka yi rajista a matsayin hafsa a rundunar sojojin Najeriya tare da Laftanar Kanar Chukwuemeka Odumegwu-Ojukwu da Victor Banjo, da Majors Olufemi Olutoye, Emmanuel Ifeajuna, da Oluwole Rotimi a cikin sojojin Najeriya a shekara ta 1966. Adewale Ademoyega shi ne wanda ya kammala karatun digiri na ƙarshe da aka ba shi kai tsaye cikin rundunar sojojin Najeriya.
Yaƙin Biafra
A lokacin yaƙin basasar Biafra, Adewale ya yi yaƙi a cikin "Nigerian Liberation Army", wani ɓangare na sojojin Biafra ƙarƙashin jagorancin Laftanar Kanar Banjo.
Shugaban Ƙasar Biafra Kanar Chukwuemeka Odumegwu-Ojukwu ya saki Manjo Ademoyega daga tsare shi a ranar 13 ga watan Agustan 1966. Daga nan ne ya kafa bataliya ta 19 ta Biafra sannan ya karɓi ragamar mulkin Manjo Emmanuel Ifeajuna, wanda kuma ya taimaka da juyin mulkin 1966 a matsayin babban hafsan hafsoshin Sojan Yanci. Abin takaici ga Manjo Ademoyega, Ojukwu ya samu wasu bayanan sirri cewa wani jami'in zai yi masa juyin mulki. An tsare Manjo Ademoyega ne tare da wasu jami’ai da abokan aikinsu. Da yawa daga cikin waɗannan jami'an sojojin Biafra za su harbe su. Wataƙila Ademoyega ya tsira saboda ba shi da wata alaƙa da wannan. An tsare shi don sauran yaƙin basasa.
An ƴantar da Ademoyega a taƙaice bayan yaƙin. Duk da haka, sojojin tarayya sun sake mayar da shi a gidan yari saboda shigansa a matsayin ɓangaren Sojan Yanci.
Daga ƙarshe an sake shi tare da wasu ashirin yayin afuwar ranar ƴancin kai na 1974.
Me Yasa Muka Buge
Ana kallon littafin Manjo Adewale Ademoyega game da juyin mulkin da sojoji suka yi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin masu faɗa a ji game da juyin mulkin Najeriya na farko. Ya daɗe yana kawar da wasu ruɗani a kan abubuwan da ke faruwa, ya kuma daƙile wasu jita-jita da ƙwararan hujjoji.
Mutuwa
Adewale Ademoyega ya rasu ne a ranar 21 ga watan Fabrairun 2007, bayan ya yi jinya na wani lokaci.
Justin Guarini
Justin Guarini(an haife shi Justin Eldrin Bell; A watan Oktoba 28, shekarar 1978) mawaƙin Ba’amurke ne, marubuci kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo wanda a cikin shekarar 2002 shi ne ya zo na biyu a farkon lokacinIdol na Amurka.
Rayuwa Farko
An haifi Guarini a Columbus, Georgia. Mahaifinsa, Eldrin Bell, Ba'amurke ne kuma tsohon shugaban 'yan sanda ne a Atlanta, Jojiya, kuma tsohon shugaban Hukumar Clayton County a Clayton County, Jojiya. Mahaifiyarsa, Kathy Pepino Guarini, Ba'amurke Ba'amurke ce, kuma 'yar jarida ce ta WTVMTV a Columbus, kuma daga baya ga CNN. Mahaifiyarsa da ubansa, masanin kimiyya Jerry Guarini ne suka rene Guarini da farko a unguwar Philadelphia na Doylestown, Pennsylvania. Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Bucks Gabas
Sana’ar Farko
Kwarewar kaɗe-kaɗe ta Guarini ta fara ne tun yana ɗan shekara huɗu lokacin da ƙungiyar Choir ta Atlanta Boy ta karɓe shi. Bayan ya koma Pennsylvania a shekarar 1985, ya shiga Archdiocese na PhiladelphiaBoys Choir. A tsawon shekarunsa na makaranta Guarini ya yi waka a cikin mawakan makaranta, kuma daga shekarar 1996 zuwa shekarar 2000 shi ne jagoran soloist a wata kungiyar cappella da ta lashe lambar yabo mai suna The Midnight Voices. Ƙungiyar ta fitar da wani kundi mai zaman kansa a cikin shekarar 1999 tare da kudaden shiga da ke amfana da asusun tallafin kiɗa a Guarini's alma mater, Central Bucks High School Gabas a Buckingham, Pennsylvania. Ya kasance darekta / mai yin wasan kwaikwayo a Riverside Haunted Woods a Bridgeton Township, Pennsylvania, a cikin shekarar 2001.
Almakashi
Almakashi kayan aikin yanka ne da hannu. Almakashi guda biyu sun ƙunshi nau'i-nau'i na ƙarfe waɗanda aka zuga ta yadda zaɓaɓɓun gefuna suna gamewa da juna lokacin da hannaye (bakuna) da ke gaban pivot ke rufe.
Amfani
Ana amfani da almakashi don yankan abubuwa na bakin ciki daban-daban, kamar takarda, kwali, foil ɗin ƙarfe, zane, igiya, da waya. Almakashi iri-iri da shears duk sun wanzu don dalilai na musamman. Yankan gashi da shears ɗin kicin suna aiki daidai da almakashi, amma manyan kayan aikin ana kiran su shears. Gilashin yankan gashi suna da taƙamaiman kusurwoyi na ruwa mai kyau don yanke gashi. Yin amfani da nau'in almakashi da ba daidai ba don yanke gashi zai haifar da ƙara lalacewa ko tsaga, ko duka biyu, ta hanyar karya gashin. Shears na kicin, wanda kuma aka sani da almakashi na kicin, an yi shi ne don yankan da datsa abinci kamar nama.
Masu tsada, almakashi na zamani da ake samarwa da yawa ana yin su ta hanyar ergonomically tare da haɗaɗɗen ma'aunin thermoplastic da hannayen roba.
Kalmomi
Sunan almakashi ana ɗaukar su azaman jam'i suna, don haka yana ɗaukar kalmar fi'ili (misali, waɗannan almakashi ne ). A madadin, ana kiran kayan aikin ta hanyar jumla ɗaya almakashi biyu. Ana amfani da kalmar shears don siffanta irin kayan aikin da suka fi girma kuma don yanke nauyi.
Tarihi
Sanannen almakashi na farko sun bayyana a Mesopotamiya shekaru 3,000 zuwa 4,000 da suka wuce. Waɗannan su ne nau'in 'spring almakashi' wanda ya ƙunshi ruwan tagulla guda biyu da aka haɗa a hannun hannu ta wani siririn ɗigon tagulla mai lanƙwasa wanda ke riƙe da ruwan wuƙaƙe a jeri, don ba da damar a matse su tare, kuma a raba su idan an sake su.