cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Ayola Ayola
Fitowa daga Kungiyar Maza
Tola Odunsi, darektan The Men's Club ya sanar da cewa Ayolola ba zai sake taka rawar Aminu Garba ba ta hanyar sakon Instagram saboda ba zai iya taka rawar ba. Za a maye gurbinsa da tsohon Big Brother Naija, Pere Egbi. Saboda hasashe cewa ya sake komawa ba tare da sanar da masu gabatar da wasan kwaikwayo ba, Ayolola ya amsa ga mai sanarwar ta hanyar shafinsa na Instagram yana rubuta "Ba kamar abin da aka ce ba, ban sake komawa ba ba tare da barin masu samar da zartarwa da masu samar da wasan kwaikwayon su sani ba, Shawarwarin da na yanke na yin 'na ɗan lokaci' fita daga kasar tsari ne na dogon lokaci wanda mai samarwa / manajan na a lokacin ya san kuma yana da hannu. Tare da wannan faɗar, ba zan iya jira in sake dawowa kan allo ba. "
Yankin Sikasso Cercle
Sikasso Cercle yana daya daga cikin sassan gudanarwa bakwai na yankin Sikasso na kudancin Ƙasar Mali. Babban birni shi ne garin Sikasso.
Asiya nasir el rufa,i.
Hajiya Asiya Nasir Ahmad El_rufa,I mata ce a gurin tsohon gwamnan jihar Kaduna malam Nasir Ahmad el-Rufa'i, tana daya daga cikin matanshi guda uku.
Aikin ta a matar gwamna
Mace ce tsayayya a lokacin da suke Mulki, ta taimaka a hidiman mata a jahar , sannan tana tafiya da kungiyoyin addini tana Basu gudummawa, a Wani taro tayi lafazi kan cewa indai Yan ta,adda suka dauke ta Bata amince a Basu kudin fansa ba , a bayanin ta tace wannan kudin fansa da ake Basu kuskure ne babba , hakan na Kara musu karfin gwiwa ne
Kujera na Zinariya
Kujera na Zinariya (Ashanti-Twi: Sika dwa; cikakken suna, Sika Dwa Kofi "Kujera na Zinariya haife a ranar Juma'a") shine kursiyin sarauta da allahntaka na sarakunan mutanen Ashanti kuma babban alamar iko a Asante. A cewar labari, Okomfo Anokye, Babban Firist kuma daya daga cikin manyan wadanda suka kafa kungiyar Asante Confederacy, ya sa kursiyin ya sauko daga sama ya sauka kan cinyar sarkin Asante na farko, Osei Tutu. Irin waɗannan kujerun aladu ne na alaƙar jagorancin jagora, amma an yi imanin Kujera na Zinariya yana ɗauke da ruhun al'ummar Asante - mai rai, matacce kuma har yanzu ya mutu.
Symbology da al'ada
Ana fahimtar kowace kujerar ruhin mai ita kuma idan ba a yi amfani da ita ba ana sanya ta a bango domin sauran rayuka da ke wucewa su huta a kanta. Kujera na Zinariya shine kursiyin sarauta kuma dole ne ya taɓa ƙasa; a maimakon haka an dora shi akan bargo. A lokacin rantsar da sabon sarki ana tashe shi kuma a sauke shi akan kujera ba tare da ya taɓa shi ba. Ana ɗauke da Kujera na Zinariya ga sarki a kan matashin kai, saboda Asantehene ne kaɗai aka yarda ya rike. A lokutan bukukuwa, ana sanya Kujera na Zinariya a hagu na sarki akan kursiyin kansa, hwedom dwa (Ashanti, kursiyin da ke fuskantar taron jama'a).
Rikicin tarihi
Yaƙe -yaƙe da yawa sun barke akan mallakar kursiyin sarauta. A cikin 1896, an kori Asantehene Prempeh I maimakon haɗarin rasa duka yaƙin da kursiyin. A cikin 1900, Sir Frederick Hodgson, Gwamnan yankin Gold Coast, ya nemi a ba shi damar zama a kan Kujera na Zinariya, kuma ya ba da umarnin a gudanar da bincike. Wannan ya haifar da tawaye da makami da aka sani da War of the Golden Stool, wanda ya haifar da haɗewar Ashanti zuwa Masarautar Burtaniya, amma ya kiyaye tsattsarkan Tsararren Zinare. A shekara ta 1921, ma'aikatan hanya na Afirka sun gano kursiyin kuma sun cire wasu kayan adon zinare. Turawan Burtaniya sun ɗauke su a cikin kariya, kafin a yi musu shari'a bisa al'adar yankin sannan aka yanke musu hukuncin kisa. Turawan Burtaniya sun shiga tsakani kuma a maimakon haka an kore kungiyar. Turawan Ingilishi sun ba da tabbacin rashin tsoma baki a kan kujerar sannan aka fito da shi daga ɓoye.
A 1935 an yi amfani da kujerar a bikin bikin nadin Osei Tutu Agyeman Prempeh II.
Bayyanar da gwaninta
Kujera na Zinariya kujera ce mai lankwasa 46 cm tsayi tare da faɗin faɗin 61 cm da zurfin 30 cm. An rufe dukkan farfajiyarta da zinariya, kuma an rataye ta da karrarawa don gargadin sarkin game da haɗari mai zuwa. Mutane da yawa ba su gani ba kuma kawai sarki, sarauniya, yariman gaskiya Ofosu Sefa Boakye, da mashawarta masu ba da shawara sun san buyayyar wuri. An samar da samfura don sarakuna kuma yayin jana'izarsu ana yin baki da jinin dabba, alama ce ta ikon su na tsararraki. Tebur yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan Asante a yau saboda har yanzu yana nuna maye da iko.
Kowace kujera an yi ta ne daga guntun katako na katako na Alstonia boonei (doguwar bishiyar gandun daji tare da ƙungiyoyi masu ƙima) kuma an sassaka ta da wurin zama mai sifar jinjirin wata, tushe mai faɗi da tsarin tallafi mai rikitarwa. Yawancin zane -zane da ma’ana ta alama suna nufin kowane kujera ta musamman ce; kowanne yana da wata ma'ana ta daban ga mutumin da ruhunsa ke zaune. Wasu ƙirar suna ɗauke da sifofin dabbobi ko hotunan da ke tuna mutumin da ya yi amfani da shi. Wasu al'adu sun kwafi sifar gaba ɗaya na Asante kuma an sayar da su a duk duniya.
Idan har abada abokan gaba na Masarautar Asante na Ghana zasu lalata ko kuma suka kama Kujera na Zinariya , masarautar zata fada cikin rudani.
Bayanin da ke sama an ce gargadin da Okomfo Anokye, firist ko masanin gargajiyar masarautar Ashanti wanda ake girmamawa a matsayin babba kuma mai hikima na mutanen Asante kuma zai murƙushe daular Asante.
Mahmoud Hamdy
A watan Mayun 2018 an saka shi cikin tawagar Masar ta farko a gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2018 a Rasha.
Aljamdu
Aljamdu birni ne, da ke yammacin ƙasar Gambiya. Tana cikin gundumar Upper Niumi a cikin sashin Bankin Arewa. Ya zuwa 2008, tana da kiyasin yawan jama'a 1,100.
Apa, Lagos
Apa al'umma ce mai tarihi a yankin Badagry na jihar Legas. Tana ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin ƙauyuka a Badagry. Al'ummar tana da Oba, Alapa na Apa. Yawancin mutanen Apapa sun fito ne daga al'adun Awori da Ogu.
Taswira
Wurin da ke Arewa maso yamma na sashin Badagry, yankin yana iyaka da arewa ta kogin Badagry sannan a gabas ta garin Badagry kuma a kudu akwai ƙauyuka kusa da Tekun Atlantika.
Tarihi
An kafa shi kusan a ƙarni na goma sha biyar ta hanyar ƙaura na Awori, al'ummar tare da Ekpe sun girma a farkon shekarun 1700 lokacin da matsugunan biyu suka zama manyan cibiyoyin cinikin bayi na Trans-Atlantic tare da Porto-Novo da Badagry creeks. A shekara ta 1730, Hontokonu, ɗan kasuwan bawa na Turai ya zauna a Apa kafin ya koma Badagry. Ba da jimawa ba Badagry ta mamaye Apa a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci a yankin.
A ƙarni na goma sha takwas (18s), bakin haure a yamma daga al'ummomin Gbe da suka tsere daga Sarki Agaja daga baya sun haɗe da mutanen Apapa.
Allunhari
Allunhari birni ne, da ke a gabashin Gambia. Tana cikin Gundumar Gabas ta Fulladu a cikin Yankin Kogin Sama. Ya zuwa 2008, tana da kiyasin yawan jama'a 5,573.
Hamdulai Forest Park
Hamdulai Forest Park sanannen wurin yawon shakatawa ne, daya daga cikin Forest parks a cikin Gambia. Ya mamaye kadada 112.
Sheraton Lagos Hotel
Sheraton Lagos Hotel otal ne mai taurari biyar a Legas.
Tarihi
An kafa shi a cikin 1985, kuma an gina shi a Ikeja babban birnin jihar, yana daya daga cikin manyan otal-otal a Najeriya. Otal ɗin Sheraton Legas wani bangare ne na jerin otal din Marriott International.
Zane
Ginin otal ɗin ya ƙunshi ɗakuna 337 na baƙi,  a cikin ginin benaye guda shida, tare da kewaye ciki har da filin jirgin sama na Murtala Muhammed International Airport, kantin sayar da Spar da Club Vegas. Sheraton Lagos Hotels kuma yana da otal kanwa a tsibirin mai suna Four Point ta Sheraton.
Abubuwan da suka faru
Sheraton Hotels Legas yana da manyan wuraren taro guda biyar da kuma abubuwan da suka faru a wurin sun hada da bikin aure, taro da nune-nunen kasa da kasa. Zauren liyafa wanda shine mafi girma, yana da damar zama da mutane 300.
Gidajen abinci/Bars
Akwai gidajen abinci da mashaya guda biyar a cikin rukunin otal
Loren Shriver
Loren James Shriver (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga watan 23, 1944) tsohon ɗan sama jannati ne na NASA, mai jirgin sama, kuma Kanar Sojan Sama na Amurka mai ritaya.
Ƴancin dokar azurfa ta Tower
Yancin dokar azurfa ta Tower tsabar kudin "dala ɗaya" ce da aka haƙa a ƙarƙashin lasisin Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) a shekarata 2004, koda yake CNMI ba ta da ikon wata doka don bayarwa ko ba da izini a cikin dokar. Duk da maganganun da ba su dace ba a cikin tallace-tallace, sannan ba a fitar da shi daga Mint na Amurka ba kuma ba a la'akari da ita dokar, kuma ba a la'akari da shi mara yawo na doka. CNMI tana karɓar kuɗin sarauta daga abin da aka samu na siyar da tsabar kudi wato azurfa. A zahiri SoftSky ne ya kera tsabar kudin, mai yin tsabar tunawa da Wyoming.
Bayani
Bangaren tsabar kudin yana da hoton da aka yi na ainihin tsari na ƙira don Hasumiyar 'Yanci ta Daniel Libeskind da za a gina a tsohon wurin Cibiyar Ciniki ta Duniya a birnin New York. Har ila yau, a kan abin da ya faru akwai taken kasa na Amurka "Ga Allah Mun Dogara" da kalmomin "Hasumiyar 'Yanci, Yuli 4, 2004." A baya yana nuna hoton tsohuwar Cibiyar Ciniki ta Duniya da kalmomin "Ba za mu taɓa mantawa ba", tare da ƙaramin alamar tauraro akan ginshiƙin dutse a cikin da'irar. Kuma Wannan alamar ta ƙarshe da ba a tantance ba ita ce rigar makamai na Arewacin Mariana Islands.
Shari'a
Dangane da tallan wannan samfurin, Mint na Amurka, da kuma manyan lauyoyin jihohin Amurka daban-daban, sun fitar da wata sanarwa cewa tsabar kudin ba batun gwamnatin Amurka ba ne. Bugu da ƙari kuma, tun da Tsibirin Mariana na Arewacin ƙasae Amurka Commonwealth ne, ba zai iya fitar da kuɗin ku na doka ba (yana amfani da kuɗin Amurka na yau da kullun).
Masu rarrabar sun kuma yi zargin cewa an buga su ne ta hanyar amfani da azurfa da aka kwato daga wani rumbun da ke cikin baraguzan cibiyar kasuwanci ta duniya. Ba a tabbatar da ingancin wannan da'awar ba. Kuma Masu rarrabawa sun yi gargadin cewa za a daina sarrafa tsabar kudin da zarar adadin kuɗin da aka kwato ya ƙare, don haka sun sanya iyaka akan adadin kuɗin da za a iya oda kowane mutum. Tsabar kudi ba azurfa ce mai ƙarfi ba, amma sanye take da azurfa (0.0001 inch (2.5 micrometer ) Layer. Ainihin abun ciki na azurfa shine 45 MG, ko 0.00145 troy oz.
Gwamnatin yanki ta CNMI ta sami kuɗi daga ƙaddamar da abubuwan tunawa, tsabar kuɗi marasa kyauta ta hanyar SoftSky da Mint na Mai Tarin Kasa a baya, amma ba ta da'awar yin haƙƙin ƙaddamar da tsabar kuɗi na doka. Wasu tsabar kudi na baya da SoftSky ya bayar, kamar tsabar kudin Gold Double Eagle na shekarata 1933, suma sun haifar da takaddamar tallace-tallace.
A cikin Oktoba shekarata 2004 babban lauya na New York, Eliot Spitzer, ya sami umarnin kotu a kan National Collectors Mint (wani kamfani na Port Chester, New York ) don dakatar da tallace-tallace na tsabar kudin "Freedom Tower Silver Dollar", yana ambaton shi a matsayin tallace-tallace na yaudara. Spitzer ya kuma yi zargin cewa abokan huldar tallace-tallace na kamfanin sun tabbatar da cewa tsabar kudin na doka ne. A ranar 13 ga Oktoba, shekarar 2004, Spitzer ya sami odar wucin gadi ta dakatar da kamfani daga talla ko siyar da tsabar kudin. A ranar 9 ga Nuwamba, Alkalin Kotun Koli na Jihar Joseph R. Cannizzaro ya yanke hukuncin cewa kamfanin ya aikata ayyukan yaudara da yaudara, kuma ya umurci kamfanin da ya dakatar da tallan da yake yi na yaudarar tsabar kudin.
An fara bincike kan abin da ke cikin azurfa da kuma asalin azurfar da ke cikin tsabar kudi. Ofishin babban lauyan gwamnati cikin sauki ya tabbatar da cewa tsabar azurfa ce kawai, amma har zuwa shekara ta 2005 ba a tantance sahihancin iƙirarin cewa wannan azurfar ta fito daga asusun ajiyar banki na Cibiyar Ciniki ta Duniya ba.
Sakamakon cece-kuce da matakin shari'a kan tsabar kudin na Freedom Tower, gwamnan CNMI Juan N. Babauta ya dakatar da kwangilar SoftSky a ranar 13 ga Nuwamba, shekarata 2004. A ranar 2 ga Disamba, Babauta ya ƙare kwangilar. Kafin wannan lamarin, gwamnatin CNMI ta yi kusan dala 160,000 daga yarjejeniyar.
Sauran kungiyoyi kuma sun fitar da tsabar kudi na Freedom Tower na azurfa, amma ba tare da kimar darika ko tallata su azaman batun gwamnati ba.
An sanya wa tsabar CNMI suna "Stupid Investment of the Week" ta CBS MarketWatch a ranar 24 ga Satumba, shekarata 2004.
2001–2006 Cibiyar Ciniki ta Duniya Zinariya da Tunawa da Azurfa
Kamar yadda na shekarata 2006, National Collectors Mint yana ba da abin da aka kwatanta daban-daban a matsayin Na shekarar 2001-2006 Cibiyar Ciniki ta Duniya ta Zinariya da Zinariya da Azurfa, 2001-2006 Cibiyar Kasuwanci ta Duniya, da 5th Anniversary World Trade Center Memorative. Ana tallata shi a matsayin "batun da ba na kuɗi ba" wanda "ba za a taɓa saki don yadawa ba."
Wannan tsabar saitin tsabar zinare guda biyu ne tare da saitin azurfar da za'a iya cirewa na cibiyar kasuwanci ta duniya kuma ta yi iƙirarin cewa tana ɗauke da "15 MG na zinari 24 KT da 15 MG na .999 Pure silver clad," kuma ya cigaba da da'awar cewa an gano azurfar a cikin wani banki da aka binne a karkashin baraguzan Ground Zero. Don kwatanta, tsabar kuɗin dalar Amurka 8.1 g kuma dime dime shine 2.268 g, ma'ana cewa abun ciki mai daraja na ƙarfe na tsabar kuɗin yana da yuwuwa tsakanin 0.4% da 1.3% na jimlar taro.
An gano cewa, azurfar da aka tantance, hakika, ba azurfa ba ce, kuma tana da kusan centi 32 kawai. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">]
Jabisa Forest Park
Dajin Jabisa, wurin shakatawa ne, da gandun daji a kasar Gambiya. Ya mamaye kadada 16.
Yana cikin ƙananan kogin, kimanta girman ƙasa sama da matakin teku shine mita, 11.
Ƙauyen Toroli
Toroli ( Tóról ) ƙauye ne kuma wurin zama na gundumar Dougoutene I a cikin Cercle na Koro a yankin Mopti a kudancin tsakiyar Ƙasar Mali. Togo kan ana magana a Toroli. Akwai kasuwar yanki na mako-mako a Toroli.
Mubarak Wakaso
Ya shafe mafi kyawun aikinsa a Spain, ya fara a Elche a 2008 kuma ya ci gaba da wakiltar Villarreal, Espanyol, Las Palmas, Granada da Alavés. Ya kuma taka rawar gani a kasashen Rasha, Scotland, Girka da China.
Rayuwa ta sirri
Kanin Wakaso, Alhassan, shi ma dan wasan kwallon kafa ne kuma dan wasan tsakiya. Ya shafe yawancin aikinsa a Portugal. Wakaso musulmi ne mai aikatawa. A watan Oktoban 2018, yayin da yake kan hanyarsa ta zuwa filin jirgin saman Loiu na Bilbao don tafiya Ghana, bai ji rauni ba sakamakon wani hatsarin mota da ya yi.
Eedris Abdulkareem
Eedris Turayo Abdulkareem Ajenifuja (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta 1974), wanda aka fi sani da Eedris Abdulkareem, dan wasan hip hop ne na Najeriya, R n B da Afrobeat, marubucin waƙa da mawaƙa. Shi ne jagorar rapper na tsohuwar ƙungiyar hip hop ta Najeriya The Remedies.
An haife shi Eedris Turayo Abdulkareem Ajenifuja ga dangin da ke da mata da yawa a Kano, Najeriya, mahaifinsa ya fito ne daga Ilesha, Jihar Osun, kuma mahaifiyarsa ta fito ne daga Jihar Ogun, duk a yankin Kudu maso Yammacin Najeriya, amma ya karbi Jihar Kano a matsayin asalinsa. Ya rasa mahaifinsa yana da shekaru 2 da takwas daga cikin 'yan uwansa yayin da lokaci ya wuce.
Abdulkareem ya auri Yetunde kuma suna da 'ya'ya.
A shekara ta 2000, Abdulkareem na daga cikin mutanen da jama'ar Najeriya suka zabe su don ɗaukar fitilar Olympics a cikin sakewa a cikin ƙasar.
BIN
BIN ko Bin na iya komawa zuwa:
JJC Skillz
Abdulrasheed Bello (an haife shi a ranar 4 ga Afrilu a shekara ta alif ɗari tara da saba'in da bakwai1977A.c. a jaharKano ya tashi) wanda aka fi sani da Skillz ko JJC Skillz marubucin waƙoƙin Najeriya ne, rapper, rikodin da kuma furodusa na talabijin.
JJC Skillz ya sami karbuwa a Najeriya bayan da aka saki waƙarsa We Are Africans, waƙar afrobeats. Kafin nasarar We are Africans, Skillz ya kasance furodusa ga kamfanin rikodin hip-hop na Burtaniya da ƙungiyar kiɗa Big Brovaz. A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2002, ya fitar da kundi na farko, Atide, kundin gwaji tare da kalmomi a cikin Turanci da yarukan Najeriya kuma ya rinjayi hip hop, Afirka da salon kiɗa na salsa.
Laburaren Ƙasar Mali
Laburare na ƙasa na Mali (Direction nationale des Bibliothèques et de la Documentation) yana cikin Bamako, Mali.
JJC Skillz
Ya hada kai da matarsa wacce yanzu suka rabu, Funke Akindele, Industreet wani shirin talabijin game da masana'antar kiɗa ta Najeriya.
Laburaren Ƙasar Mali
A cikin shekarar 1938, an kafa Institut Français d'Afrique Noire (IFAN) don nazarin harshe, tarihi, da al'adun mutanen da ke ƙarƙashin mulkin mallaka na Faransa a Afirka. Bayan da Mali ta samu ‘yancin kai a shekarar 1960, a shekarar 1962 gwamnatin Mali ta sauya sunan Cibiyar IFAN da ke Bamako zuwa Institut des Sciences Humaines (Institute of Human Sciences) ko kuma Cibiyar Nazarin Bil Adama ta Mali. Tarin ɗakunan karatu na ƙasar Mali, ma'ajiyar adana kayan tarihi da kayan tarihi na ƙasa duk za a gaji daga IFAN. A ranar 29 ga watan Fabrairu 1968, an canja wurin ɗakin karatu daga Koulouba zuwa Avenue Kasse Keita a Ouolofobougou, wani yanki na Bamako. Wata doka ta ranar 17 ga watan Maris 1984 ta kirkiri Laburaren Ƙasa.
JJC Skillz
Ayyuka
An haifi Bello a Kano kuma ya bar Najeriya zuwa Burtaniya lokacin da yake dan shekara goma sha huɗu. Ya ci gaba da sha'awar kiɗa yana sauraron rikodin kiɗa na ƙasar mahaifinsa da kiɗa na juju. A Burtaniya, an jawo shi zuwa kiɗa na hip-hop kuma nan da nan ya kafa ƙungiyar kiɗa tare da aboki, bayan haka suka fara yin wasan kwaikwayo a wasan kwaikwayo. Sunan sa na mataki, JJC yana nufin Johnny ya zo, kalmar da 'yan Najeriya ke amfani da ita don bayyana sabbin masu zuwa birnin. Babban aikin samar da Bello na farko shi ne ya kafa Big Brovas records da Big Brovas collective. A shekara ta 2004, ya saki Atide, kundi na farko tare da tawagar 419. Ayyukansa sun hada da Weird MC's Ijoya, Pu Yanga ta Tillaman, da Morile ta Buoqui.
Laburaren Ƙasar Mali
Darakta ne ke jagorantar ta, wanda Daraktan fasaha da al'adu na kasa ya nada. Tsohon ya zaɓi shugabannin sassa biyar waɗanda kowannensu ke da alhakin ɗayan sassan ɗakin karatu: Kataloji da Rubutun Littafi Mai Tsarki; Rarraba Na lokaci-lokaci da Takardu; Sashen Lamuni da Bayani; Saye-saye, Gudanarwa, da Sashen Adadin Kuɗi na Shari'a; da Rukunin Dauri da Maidowa. Tun daga 1989, ma'aikatan ɗakin karatu sun ƙidaya 28, mata 16 da maza 12.
JJC Skillz
Ayyuka
Ya kuma zo wurin kiɗa na Afirka yana ƙirƙirar ayyukan kamar Afropean (African-Turai fusion) da Afrobeats.
Laburaren Ƙasar Mali
Littattafai da na yau da kullun suna samuwa kyauta ga jama'a don kallo a cikin gida, kodayake ana iya samun gatan aro ta zama mai rijistar kati. A cewar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, ya zuwa shekarar 2015 kusan kashi 33 cikin 100 na manya 'yan kasar Mali na iya karatu.
JJC Skillz
Ayyuka
A shekara ta 2013, ya lashe kyautar mafi kyawun ɗan wasan ƙasa da ƙasa a kyautar nishaɗin Najeriya. Ya kirkiro wata babbar kungiya ta Afirka da ake kira JJC da tawagar 419. Wannan rukuni ya lashe lambar yabo ta Kora All African music a shekarar 2014.
Laburaren Ƙasar Mali
Laburaren yana karbar bakuncin wasu abubuwan nunin gamuwa da Hotuna na Afirka, bikin daukar hoto na Bamako na shekara-shekara.
JJC Skillz
Rayuwa ta mutum
Kafin aurensa da Akindele, Bello ya haifi 'ya'ya uku daga uwaye uku daban-daban. Ya auri Funke Akindele a shekarar 2016. A cikin 2018, ma'auratan sun haifi tagwaye.
Mai gabatar da kiɗa a asirce ya auri amarya ta Ebira a jihar Kano a watan Maris na shekara ta 2023.
Fafutukar haƙƙin naƙasasu
Ƙungiyar haƙƙin nakasassu ƙungiya ce ta duniya  wacce ke neman tabbatar da daidaitattun dama da daidaitattuwan haƙƙin ga duk mutanen da ke da nakasa.
Haƙƙoƙin naƙasa yana da sarƙaƙiya saboda akwai hanyoyi da yawa waɗanda mai nakasa zai iya samun tauye haƙƙoƙinsa a cikin yanayi daban-daban na zamantakewa da siyasa, al'adu, da shari'a. Alal misali, a zamanin yau, shingen gama gari da masu naƙasa ke fuskanta ya shafi aikin yi. To Musamman ma, masu daukan ma'aikata galibi ba sa son ko ba su iya samar da matsuguni masu dacewa don baiwa masu nakasa damar gudanar da ayyukansu yadda ya kamata.
Lokacin da ake tattaunawa game da bukatun nakasassu, masu fafutuka na nakasa suna lura cewa mafita sun haɗa da nakasassu a matsayin masu shiga tsakani, aƙalla. Akwai tsare-tsare na yanzu waɗanda suka haɗa da sa hannun ɓangare na uku, kamar gyaran tunani da ba da shawarar doka, amma kaɗan daga cikin waɗannan hanyoyin sun haɗa da ƙarfafa wannan ƙungiyar don dogaro da kai.
Amurka
Ana kallon nakasa a Amurka a matsayin wani lamari na sirri, kuma ba ƙungiyoyin siyasa ko na gwamnati da yawa da suka wanzu don tallafawa mutane a cikin waɗannan ƙungiyoyin. A cikin shekarata 1950s, an sami canji zuwa ayyukan sa kai da ƙungiyoyin iyaye, kamar Maris na Dimes. Yayin da wannan ne farkon fafutuka da neman tallafi ga wadannan kungiyoyi, yaran da ke da nakasa iyayensu sun boye da yawa saboda tsoron tilasta musu gyara. Lokacin da ƙungiyoyin kare haƙƙin jama'a suka tashi a cikin shekarar 1960s, masu fafutukar naƙasassun sun shiga cikinta da ƙungiyoyin 'yancin mata don haɓaka daidaito daidai da ƙalubalantar ra'ayi. A wannan lokacin ne fafutukar kare hakkin nakasa ta fara samun mai da hankali kan nakasa. Mutanen da ke da nakasa iri-iri (nakasassu ta jiki da ta hankali, tare da nakasar gani da ji) da buƙatu daban-daban sun taru don yaƙi don manufa ɗaya.
Sai a shekarata 1990 ne aka zartar da Dokar Nakasa ta Amurkawa (ADA), bisa doka ta haramta wariya saboda nakasa, da kuma ba da izinin shiga nakasa a duk gine-gine da wuraren jama'a. ADA tana da mahimmanci a tarihi saboda ta ayyana ma'anar matsuguni mai ma'ana don kare ma'aikata da ma'aikata. A yau, masu fafutukar kare hakkin nakasa suna ci gaba da ba da kariya ga waɗanda ake nuna musu wariya, kuma suna aiki kan wasu batutuwa masu mahimmanci kamar tilasta doka da kula da nakasassu. A ma'auni na duniya, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta kafa Yarjejeniya kan 'Yancin Mutanen da ke da Nakasa, musamman game da mutanen da ke da nakasa (Lockwood 146).
Shingayen nakasa
Misalin zamantakewa na nakasa yana nuna nakasa yana faruwa ne ta hanyar tsarin al'umma, maimakon tawayar mutum. Wannan samfurin yana nuna shinge a cikin al'umma an halicce su ta hanyar iyawa. To Lokacin da aka cire shinge, masu nakasa za su iya zama masu zaman kansu kuma daidai suke a cikin al'umma.
Akwai manyan katanga guda uku:
Sauran shingen sun haɗa da: shingen cikin gida (ƙananan tsammanin mutanen da ke da nakasa na iya lalata kwarin gwiwa da burinsu), rashin isassun bayanai da ƙididdiga, rashin shiga daga tuntuɓar nakasassu.
Mutanen da ke da nakasa
Samun shiga wuraren jama'a kamar titunan birni, gine-ginen jama'a, da dakunan wanka na daga cikin sauye-sauyen da aka fi gani da aka samu a cikin 'yan shekarun nan don kawar da shinge na zahiri. Babban canji a wasu sassan duniya shine shigar da lif, Kuma kofofi na atomatik, ƙofofi masu fadi da hanyoyi, jigilar kaya, gyare-gyaren keken hannu, yanke shinge, da kuma kawar da matakan da ba dole ba inda ramps da lif ba su samuwa, ba da damar mutane a cikin keken hannu. tare da sauran nakasassun motsi don amfani da hanyoyin jama'a da jigilar jama'a cikin sauƙi da aminci.
Mutanen da ke da nakasar gani
Mutanen da ke da ƙarancin hangen nesa a kai a kai suna fuskantar tsangwama ga wariya saboda rashin iya bambance wasu launuka. Farfesa Miguel Neiva na Jami'ar Minho, Portugal ne ya ƙera wani tsarin alamomin alamomin geometrically da aka sani da Coloradd a cikin shekarata 2010 don nuna launuka ga mutanen da ke da wahalar fahimtar su.
Mutanen da ke da nakasar ci gaba
Masu fafutukar kare haƙƙin mutanen da ke da nakasa suna mai da hankali kan ƙoƙarinsu don samun karɓuwa a cikin ma'aikata da kuma ayyukan yau da kullun da abubuwan da wataƙila an cire su a baya. Ba kamar da yawa daga cikin jagorori a cikin al'ummar kare haƙƙin nakasassu ta jiki ba, Sai dai ba da shawarar kai ya yi jinkirin haɓakawa ga mutanen da ke da nakasa. Sakamakon haka, yawancin ayyukan da Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Nakasa ta yi an kammala su ta hanyar abokan tarayya, ko waɗanda ba su da nakasa amma suna da alaka mai karfi da nakasa. Iyaye, abokai, da ƴan'uwa sun yi yaƙi don neman ilimi da karɓuwa lokacin da 'yan uwansu da ke da nakasar fahimta ta kasa. Sanin jama'a game da ƙungiyoyin yancin ɗan adam na wannan yawan ya kasance mai iyaka, kuma ra'ayin mutanen da ke da nakasa a matsayin ƴan ƙasa marasa ba da gudummawa waɗanda suka dogara ga wasu ya kasance gama gari. A yau, harkar ta fi mayar da hankali kan zamantakewa don kara wayar da kan jama'a, kamar yadda yakin "R-Word" ya tabbatar, inda suke kokarin kawar da amfani da kalmar "retard".
Kungiyar kare hakkin Autism
Haƙƙin Autism ko masu ba da ra'ayin bambance-bambancen jijiyoyi sun yi imanin cewa bakan Autism na asali ne na asali kuma yakamata a yarda da shi azaman yanayin yanayin halittar ɗan adam. Wannan hangen nesa ya bambanta da wasu ra'ayoyi guda biyu (2): hangen nesa na likitanci, cewa Autism yana haifar da lahani na kwayoyin halitta kuma yakamata a magance shi ta hanyar niyya ga kwayoyin Autism (s), da ka'idojin da ke tattare da cewa autism yana haifar da abubuwan muhalli kamar alluran rigakafi.
Wannan yunkuri yana da sabani. Sukar da aka saba yi wa masu fafutuka autistic shine cewa yawancinsu suna da " masu aiki sosai " ko kuma suna da ciwon Asperger kuma ba sa wakiltar ra'ayoyin " marasa aiki " masu fama da cutar.
Mutanen da ke da matsalar rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa
Masu fafutukar kare haƙƙin mutanen da ke da nakasa tabin hankali sun fi mayar da hankali ne kan yunƙurin kai, da kuma ikon mutum na rayuwa da kansa.
Haƙƙin samun rayuwa mai zaman kanta, ta yin amfani da kulawar mataimakiyar biya maimakon kasancewa mai zaman kanta, idan mutum yana so, shine babban burin ƙungiyar haƙƙin nakasa, kuma shine babban burin irin wannan ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da masu ba da shawara, Duk waɗanda suke mafi tsananin alaƙa da mutanen da ke da nakasa hankali da kuma rashin lafiyar hankali. Waɗannan ƙungiyoyi sun tallafa wa nakasassu don su rayu a matsayin ƙarin masu shiga cikin al'umma.
Samun ilimi da aiki
Samun ilimi da aikin yi su ma sun kasance babban abin da ƙungiyoyin kare hakkin nakasa suka mayar da hankali a kai. Fasahar daidaitawa, baiwa mutane damar yin ayyukan da ba za su iya samu a baya ba, suna taimakawa wajen samar da damar samun ayyukan yi da 'yancin kai na tattalin arziki. To Amman Samun shiga cikin aji ya taimaka inganta damar ilimi da 'yancin kai ga mutanen da ke da nakasa.
'Yanci daga wariya da cin zarafi
'Yanci daga cin zarafi, sakaci, da take haƙƙin mutum suma mahimman manufofin ƙungiyar kare haƙƙin nakasassu ne. Cin zarafi da sakaci sun haɗa da keɓantawa da kamewa da bai dace ba, yin amfani da ƙarfi da bai dace ba ta ma’aikata da/ko masu bayarwa, barazana, cin zarafi da/ko ramawa daga ma’aikata ko masu samarwa, gazawar samar da isasshen abinci mai gina jiki, sutura, da/ko likita da kula da lafiyar hankali, da kuma /ko gazawar samar da muhalli mai tsafta da aminci, da kuma wasu batutuwan da ke haifar da babbar barazana ga lafiyar jiki da tunani na mutumin da ke da nakasa. Tauye haƙƙin marasa lafiya sun haɗa da rashin samun cikakken izini don magani, gazawar kiyaye sirrin bayanan jiyya, da ƙuntatawa mara dacewa na haƙƙin sadarwa da haɗin gwiwa tare da wasu, to Amman da sauran haƙƙoƙin haƙƙin.
Sakamakon aikin da aka yi ta hanyar ƙungiyoyin haƙƙin nakasassu, an zartar da manyan dokokin haƙƙin nakasa a cikin shekarar 1970s zuwa 1990s a cikin Amurka
Kanada
Lardi mafi girma na Kanada, Ontario, ya ƙirƙira doka, Samun dama ga Dokar nakasa ta Ontario, 2005, tare da burin samun damar zuwa Shekarar 2025.
A cikin Shekarata 2019, Dokokin Kanada Mai Samun damar zama doka. Wannan ita ce dokar Kanada ta farko ta ƙasa kan samun dama da ke shafar duk sassan gwamnati da hukumomin tarayya.
Indiya
Dokar Haƙƙin nakasassu, shekarar 2016 ita ce dokar tawaya da Majalisar Indiya ta zartar don cika wajibcinta ga Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan haƙƙin nakasassu, wanda Indiya ta amince da shi a cikin shekarata 2007. Dokar ta maye gurbin data kasance Masu Nakasa (Dama Daidai, Kare Hakkoki da Cikakkun Shiga) Dokar, 1995. Ya fara aiki a ranar 28 ga Disamba, shekarar 2016. Wannan doka ta amince da nakasassu 21.
Ƙasar Ingila
A cikin Ƙasar Ingila, biyo bayan faɗuwar yunƙurin da mutanen da ke da nakasa suka yi sama da shekaru da dama, an zartar da Dokar Wariya ta Nakasa ta shekarar 1995 (DDA 1995). Hakan dai ya haramta wa nakasassu wariya a Birtaniyya dangane da ayyukan yi, samar da kayayyaki da ayyuka, ilimi da sufuri. Hukumar daidaito da kare hakkin dan Adam ta ba da goyon baya ga wannan Dokar. Akwai irin wannan doka a Ireland ta Arewa, wacce Hukumar Daidaito ta Arewacin Ireland ta aiwatar da ita.
Bayan gabatar da harajin Bedroom (a hukumance hukuncin rashin zama a hukumance) a cikin dokar sake fasalin walwala ta shekarata 2012, masu fafutukar nakasa sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunkasa zanga-zangar Harajin Bedroom. An kiyasta sauye-sauyen fa'ida da yawa suna shafar nakasassu daidai gwargwado da kuma tauye hakkin nakasassu na rayuwa mai zaman kansa.
Dokar Down Syndrome za ta ba da izini na doka ga mutanen da ke zaune tare da Down syndrome.
Amurka
Ɗaya daga cikin muhimman ci gaba na ƙungiyoyin kare hakkin nakasa shine haɓakar motsin rayuwa mai zaman kansa, wanda ya fito a California a cikin shekarata 1960s ta hanyar ƙoƙarin Edward Roberts da sauran mutane masu amfani da keken hannu. Wannan yunkuri, wani bangare na kungiyar kare hakkin nakasassu, ya bayyana cewa nakasassu sune kwararrun kwararru kan bukatunsu, don haka dole ne su tashi tsaye, a daidaiku da kuma a dunkule, wajen tsarawa da inganta ingantattun hanyoyin warware matsalar, kuma dole ne su tsara kansu don samun damar siyasa. Bayan ɓata sana'a da wakilcin kai, akidar ƙungiyoyin masu zaman kansu sun haɗa da kawar da nakasassu, kawar da cibiyoyi da nakasa (watau shigar cikin ƙungiyoyin rayuwa mai zaman kanta ba tare da la'akari da bincike ba). Hakazalika, an zartar da dokar hana shingen gine-gine a 1968, wanda ke ba da umarni cewa gine-ginen da aka gina ta tarayya da nakasassu. Gabaɗaya ana ɗaukar wannan dokar a matsayin dokar haƙƙin nakasa ta tarayya ta farko. Abin baƙin ciki ga waɗanda ke da nakasar fahimi, nakasarsu ta sa ya zama mafi wahala su zama ƙwararrun ƙwararrun bukatunsu, tare da hana su ikon ba da shawarar kansu kamar yadda takwarorinsu masu amfani da keken hannu za su iya. Gabatar da kai ya fi wuya ga waɗanda ba za su iya bayyana tunaninsu ba, wanda ya kai ga dogaro da wasu don ci gaba da wannan motsi.
A cikin shekarata 1973 Dokar Gyara (Amurka) ta zama doka; Sashe na 501, 503, da 504 sun haramta wariya a shirye-shiryen da ayyuka na tarayya da duk wasu shirye-shirye ko ayyuka da ke karɓar kuɗin tarayya. Mahimmin harshe a cikin Dokar Gyara, wanda aka samo a Sashe na 504, ya ce "Babu wani ƙwararren nakasassu [sic] a cikin Amurka, da za a cire shi kawai saboda rashin lafiyarsa [ sic], daga shiga, zama hana fa'idodin, ko kuma a nuna musu wariya a ƙarƙashin kowane shiri ko aiki da ke samun tallafin kuɗi na tarayya." Dokar ta kuma bayyana kudaden da za a iya warewa don taimakawa nakasassu samun horo ga ma'aikata tare da taimakawa wajen tabbatar da cewa za su iya isa wurin aiki ba tare da fuskantar matsalolin rashin isa ba. Wannan ita ce dokar haƙƙin ɗan adam ta farko da ke ba da tabbacin dama daidai ga mutanen da ke da nakasa.
Wani muhimmin juzu'i mai mahimmanci shine 504 Sit-in a cikin shekarata 1977 na gine-ginen gwamnati wanda Ma'aikatar Lafiya, Ilimi, da Jindadin Amurka (HEW) ke gudanarwa, wanda Frank Bowe ya ɗauka kuma Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Jama'a ta Amurka ta shirya, wanda ya haifar da fitar da ka'idoji bisa ga Sashe na 504 na Dokar Gyara ta shekarar 1973. A ranar 5 ga Afrilu, 1977, masu fafutuka sun fara zanga-zanga kuma wasu sun zauna a cikin ofisoshin da aka samu a yankuna goma na tarayya ciki har da New York City, Los Angeles, Boston, Denver, Chicago, Philadelphia, da Atlanta. Daya daga cikin manyan zanga-zangar ta faru ne a San Francisco. Masu zanga-zangar sun bukaci sanya hannu kan ka'idoji na sashe na 504 na Dokar Gyara ta a shekarar 1973. Judith Heumann ce ta jagoranci zaman da aka yi nasara. Ranar farko ta zanga-zangar ita ce ta farko ta zaman dirshan na kwanaki 25. Kusan masu fafutuka na nakasassu 120 da masu zanga-zangar sun mamaye ginin HEW, kuma Sakatare Joseph Califano a ƙarshe ya sanya hannu a ranar 28 ga Afrilu, shekarata 1977. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance mai mahimmanci ba kawai don an cimma manufarta ba, har ma saboda ita ce babban yunƙuri na haɗin gwiwa tsakanin mutanen nakasassu daban-daban da suka taru don goyon bayan dokar da ta shafi yawan nakasassu gabaɗaya, maimakon takamaiman ƙungiyoyi.
A cikin shekarata 1978 masu fafutukar kare haƙƙin nakasassu a Denver, Colorado, waɗanda Atlantis Community suka shirya, sun gudanar da zama tare da toshe bas ɗin Hukumar Canja wurin Yankin Denver a cikin 1978. Suna nuna rashin amincewarsu da cewa tsarin zirga-zirgar ababen hawa na birnin gaba daya ba ya isa ga nakasassu. Wannan aikin ya zama na farko a cikin jerin zanga-zangar rashin biyayya da aka yi na tsawon shekara guda har zuwa lokacin da Hukumar Kula da Canjin Wuta ta Denver ta sayi motocin bas sanye da kayan hawan keken guragu. A cikin 1983, Amurkawa nakasassu don Samun Samun Jama'a (ADAPT) shine ke da alhakin wani yaƙin neman zaɓe na farar hula shima a Denver wanda ya kwashe shekaru bakwai. Sun kai hari kan Ƙungiyar Sufuri na Jama'a na Amirka don nuna rashin amincewa da jigilar jama'a; Wannan yaƙin neman zaɓe ya ƙare a cikin shekarata 1990 lokacin da dokar nakasassu ta Amurka ta buƙaci tayar da bas ga mutanen da ke amfani da keken hannu a duk faɗin ƙasar.
Wata babbar zanga-zangar da ke da alaƙa da haƙƙin nakasa ita ce Kurame Yanzu zanga-zangar da ɗaliban Jami'ar Gallaudet suka yi a Washington, DC, a cikin Maris Na shekarar 1988. Muzaharar ta kwanaki 8 (Maris 6 - Maris 13) zanga-zangar da kuma aiki da kullewa daga makarantar ta fara ne lokacin da Hukumar Amintattu ta nada sabon Shugabar sauraren karar, Elisabeth Zinser, sama da ’yan takara Kurame biyu. Koke-koken daliban na farko shi ne yadda jami’ar da ta sadaukar da kai wajen karantar da kurame, ba ta taba samun shugaba kurame ba, wanda zai wakilce su. Daga cikin bukatu hudu da masu zanga-zangar suka gabatar, babba ita ce murabus din shugaban kasar da kuma nada kurame. Muzaharar ta ƙunshi ɗalibai kusan 2,000 da waɗanda ba ɗalibi ba. An gudanar da zanga-zangar ne a harabar jami’ar, a cikin gine-ginen gwamnati, da kuma a kan tituna. A karshe dai an biya dukkan bukatun daliban sannan aka nada I. Sarki Jordan a matsayin shugaban kurma na farko na jami'a.
A cikin shekarata 1990, Dokar nakasassu ta Amurka ta zama doka, kuma ta ba da cikakkiyar kariyar haƙƙin ɗan adam ga mutanen da ke da nakasa. An ƙirƙira shi sosai bayan Dokar 'Yancin Bil'adama da Sashe na 504, dokar ita ce mafi girman dokokin haƙƙin nakasa a tarihin Amurka. Ya ba da umarnin cewa gwamnatocin ƙananan hukumomi, jihohi, da tarayya da shirye-shirye su kasance masu isa, cewa masu daukan ma'aikata tare da ma'aikata sama da 15 su yi " madaidaicin masauki " ga ma'aikatan da ke da nakasa kuma kada su nuna bambanci ga wasu ƙwararrun ma'aikatan da ke da nakasa, da kuma wuraren zama na jama'a kamar gidajen abinci da shaguna. ba nuna bambanci ga nakasassu ba kuma suna yin gyare-gyare masu dacewa don tabbatar da samun dama ga nakasassun jama'a. Har ila yau, dokar ta ba da izinin shiga cikin jama'a, sadarwa, da sauran fannonin rayuwar jama'a.
An gudanar da Maris Pride na nakasa na farko a Amurka a Boston a cikin shekarata 1990. An gudanar da Maris na Tawaya ta biyu a Boston a cikin 1991. Babu wani naƙasasshiyar Pride Pride Marises/Pades na shekaru da yawa, har zuwa Chicago ranar Lahadi, Yuli 18, 2004. An ba da kuɗin dalar Amurka 10,000 a cikin kuɗin iri wanda Sarah Triano ta samu a cikin shekarata 2003 a matsayin wani ɓangare na lambar yabo ta Paul G. Hearne jagoranci daga Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Jama'a ta Amirka. A cewar Triano, mutane 1,500 ne suka halarci faretin. Yoshiko Dart shi ne jagoran fareti.
nune-nunen da tarin yawa
Don bikin cika shekaru 10 na Dokar nakasassu na Amurkawa, Cibiyar Tarihi ta Smithsonian Institute National Museum of History ta buɗe wani nune-nunen da ya yi nazari kan tarihin fafutuka ta nakasassu, abokansu, da iyalai don tabbatar da yancin ɗan adam da aka lamunce ga duk Amurkawa. Abubuwan da ake gani sun haɗa da alƙalami da Shugaba George HW Bush ya yi amfani da shi wajen sanya hannu kan dokar da ɗaya daga cikin kujerun guragu na farko. An tsara nunin don isa ga iyakar isa. Kiosks na gidan yanar gizo - samfura don sigar da za ta kasance a ƙarshe ga gidajen tarihi da sauran cibiyoyin al'adu - an samar da wasu nau'i na daban don dandana nunin. An buɗe baje kolin daga Yuli 6, shekarata 2000, zuwa Yuli 23, 2001.
Muhawara da hanyoyi
Muhimmiyar muhawara a cikin ƙungiyoyin haƙƙin nakasassu shine tsakanin tabbataccen mataki ga nakasassu tare da yin gwagwarmaya don samun daidaito. A cewar wata ƙungiyar zaɓe ta shekarar 1992, mutane da yawa suna fargabar cewa haɗa naƙasassu cikin wuraren aiki na iya shafar martabar kamfaninsu, ko kuma yana iya haifar da raguwar yawan aiki. Wannan ya zo daidai da shekarata 1992 na majalisar dokoki game da Dokar Daidaita Ma'aikata, wanda ya bayyana cewa masu daukan ma'aikata su duba don aiwatar da daidaito ba tare da samun tsarin ƙididdiga na hukuma ba. Wannan ya kasance muhawara mai gudana.
Wani ƙarin muhawara shine tsakanin ƙaddamar da nakasassu tare da tallafa musu a gidajensu. A cikin shekarata 1963 lokacin shugabancin John F. Kennedy, ya canza ra'ayin ƙasa game da lafiyar hankali ta hanyar haɓaka kudade don shirye-shiryen tushen al'umma da tsara dokoki don kula da lafiyar hankali. Ya kuma ƙirƙiri Kwamitin Shugaban Ƙasa kan Rage Hakuri, wanda ya samar da shawarwari ga sababbin shirye-shirye da gwamnatoci za su iya aiwatarwa a matakin jiha, don haka suna nisantar da "cibiyoyin tsare". Wannan sauyi daga kafa hukumomi ya haifar da tsangwama ga cibiyoyin kula da lafiyar kwakwalwa, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa a cikin siyasa sau da yawa ba a samun isasshen kuɗi don wannan ra'ayi.
A cewar shari'ar Kotun Kolin Amurka Humphrey v. Cady, dokokin alƙawarin jama'a da cancantar shiga tsakani suna wanzu ne kawai a cikin misali lokacin da aka yanke wa mutum haɗari cikin gaggawa ga kansa ko wasu. Wahalhalun tabbatar da "haɗari nan da nan" ya haifar da sakamakon da ba zato ba tsammani cewa yana da wuya a kai masu tabin hankali zuwa asibiti da sauƙin tura su kurkuku. A cewar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Maza da 30% na Mata suna da wani nau'i mai tsanani na tabin hankali wanda ya rage ba a kula da shi ba.
Wata muhawarar da ke ci gaba da gudana ita ce yadda za a bunkasa dogaro da kai ga nakasassu. Mataki na 1 na Yarjejeniya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya tabbatar da cewa "Dukkanin al'umma suna da 'yancin cin gashin kansu" tare da 'yancin zabi. Domin wannan yana bayyana manufar zaɓe na 'yanci da cin gashin kansa, hujja ɗaya ita ce, duk wani tsoma bakin gwamnati yana hana 'yancin kai, don haka ya bar wa nakasassu su nemi duk wani taimako da suke buƙata daga ƙungiyoyin agaji da masu zaman kansu. Ƙungiyoyin agaji irin su majami'u sun yi imani da taimaka wa nakasassu ba tare da komai ba. A gefe guda, wata hanyar ita ce haɗin kai, alaƙar dabi'a, wanda ya haɗa da hanyoyin kamar haɓaka ƙwararru da tanadin albarkatu. Musamman ma, hanya ɗaya ita ce ba da damar nakasassu su bayyana bukatunsu da kansu da kuma samar da nasu mafita da nazari. Maimakon shiga tsakani, wanda shine shiga ta hanyar gaya musu abin da za a yi ko abin da aka yi, wannan hanya ta ba da shawara don ba da damar wannan ƙungiya ta zama mai dogaro da kanta kuma ta yanke shawara. Abubuwan da ke tattare da wannan sun haɗa da ayyana wanene mai dogaro da kansa da naƙasa, yana kewayawa zuwa ga ra'ayin ƙaddamar da kai.
JoJo
'''Joanna Noëlle Levesque. (an haife ta ne a ranar 20 ga watan Disamba, 1990 ), ta kasan ce wacce akafi sani da JoJo''', mawaƙiyar Ba'amurke ce, mawaƙa, kuma yar wasan kwaikwayo. An haife ta a Foxborough, Massachusetts, ta fara yin wasannin gasa da waƙoƙin gwaninta na gida tun tana ƙarami. A cikin shekarar 2003, mai yin rikodin Vincent Herbert ya lura da ita bayan ta fafata a wasan kwaikwayon talabijin na Mafi kyawun Yara na Amurka kuma ya nemi ta yi bincike don lakabin rikodin ta Blackground Records. Bayan sanya hannu tare da su a waccan shekarar, JoJo ta fito da sabon kundin studio ɗin ta na farko a shekara mai zuwa a watan Yunin shekarata 2004. Ya kai lamba huɗu a kan Billboard 200 na Amurka kuma daga baya Associationungiyar Ma'aikata ta Rikodi ta Amurka (RIAA) ta ba da tabbacin platinum, ta sayar da kwafi sama da miliyan huɗu a duk duniya har zuwa yau. Tare da fitowar ta ta farko " Bar (Fita) " wanda ke kan saman jerin waƙoƙin Billboard Pop na Amurka, JoJo ya zama ƙaramin mawaƙin solo a cikin tarihi don saman ginshiƙi yana da shekaru 13. Waƙar ta kai 12 a kan Hot 100 kuma RIAA ta ba da lambar zinariya tare da mai biye da ita " Baby It You. Kundin studio na biyu Babban Hanya (2006) ya haifar da Billboard Hot 100 na farko a saman "Too Little Too Late ", wanda ya hau lamba uku, ya zama farkonta na farko da RIAA ta sami shaidar platinum. Daga baya an tabbatar da kundin zinare, yana siyar da kwafi sama da miliyan uku a duk duniya har zuwa yau.  Rikodin lakabin rikodin ya jinkirta JoJo daga kasuwanci ta saki kundin ɗakin studio na uku; ta saki biyu mixtapes da kansa, Ba za a iya Take Away daga gare Ni (2010) da kuma Agápē (2012).  Bayan sakin kwangilar ta, JoJo ya rattaba hannu tare da Rikodin Atlantic a cikin 2014 kuma ya fitar da wasanninta na farko na tsawaita wasan III. (2015) kafin kundinta na studio na uku Mad Love (2016) a ƙarshe ya zama kayan aiki, ya zama kundi na uku mafi girma a saman Billboard 200. JoJo ta bar Atlantika a shekara mai zuwa kuma ta kafa lambar rikodin ta Clover Music ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa tare da Warner Records, inda ta sake yin rikodi kuma ta sake fitar da halarta na farko da kundi na biyu a matsayin aikin farko na lakabin a watan Disamban shekarar 2018. Kundin studio na huɗu na JoJo mai kyau don sani an sake shi a ranar 1 ga Mayu, 2020, kuma ya sami ingantattun bita. Waƙar ta farko, " Mutum ", an sake ta a cikin Maris 2020. Bayan wannan kundi, JoJo ta fitar da kundi na Kirsimeti na farko da ake kira Disamba Baby a watan Oktoba 2020. Baya ga sana'arta ta kiɗa, JoJo ta kuma bi aikin wasan kwaikwayo. A cikin shekarar 2006, ta yi fim ɗin fim ɗin ta na farko a cikin Aquamarine da RV tare da Robin Williams. Ta kuma yi baƙo na baƙo a cikin shirye -shiryen talabijin da yawa da suka fara da The Bernie Mac Show (2002), Mafarkin Amurka (2004), Romeo! (2006), Hawaii Five-0 (2011) da Mummunan Makami (2017). Sauran fina -finan da JoJo ya fito a ciki sun haɗa da Fim ɗin Rayuwa na Gidan Talabijin na Gaskiya na Hollywood Starlet (2008) da GBF (2013).
Haƙƙoƙin bayyana harshe
Haƙƙoƙin bayyana harshe ko REL harshe ne mai sarrafa na'ura da ake amfani da shi don bayyana haƙƙin mallaka (kamar haƙƙin mallaka) da sauran sharuɗɗan amfani da abun cikin Magana. Ana iya amfani da RELs azaman maganganu na tsaye (watau metadata da ake amfani da ita don bincike, bin diddigin dacewa) ko cikin tsarin DRM.
Garin Goumbou
Goumbou ƙaramin gari ne kuma wurin zama na gundumar Ouagadou a cikin Cercle na Nara a yankin Koulikoro a kudu maso yammacin Ƙasar Mali. Garin yana nisan kilomita 28 daga kudu maso yammacin Nara, cibiyar gudanarwa na cercle a kan hanyar Nationale 4 da ta haɗu Nara da babban birnin Mali, Bamako.
Haƙƙoƙin bayyana harshe
Sanannen RELs
Fitattun RELs sun haɗa da:
Amfani da REL
Ayyukan REL shine ayyana lasisi, da kuma siffanta waɗannan lasisin dangane da izini ko hani waɗanda suke nuni ga yadda za'a iya amfani da abun a ciki mai alaƙa.
"Lasisi" a nan na iya nufin ko dai:
Sanannun lasisi
Ana zaɓi amfani da sanannen lasisi galibi don sauƙi mara ma'ana: GFDL yana nufin iri ɗaya ko wanene ke amfani da shi. Yin amfani da lasisin da ke akwai kuma yana guje wa matsalolin yaɗuwar lasisi. Hakanan yana da amfani a yi amfani da irin wannan lasisin, da kuma bincika cewa aikin yana aiki da shi, ba tare da fahimtar cikakken bayani game da abin da ya kunsa ba. Sanin cewa "GFDL abin karɓa ne ga wannan aikin" da "Dukkan waɗannan albarkatun da ke cikin wannan aikin suna amfani da GFDL" ya wadatar. A wannan ma'anar, sanannun lasisi hanya ce don guje wa buƙatar amfani da REL don yin ƙira da cikakkun bayanai na lasisi, sunansa kaɗai ya isa.
Egbe Omo Oduduwa
Egbé Ọmọ Odùduwà (Yoruba National Movement) ƙungiyar siyasa ce ta Najeriya wacce shugabannin Yarbawa suka kafa a 1945 a London. Manufar farko ita ce ta haɗa kan al'ummar Yorùbá kamar yadda ƙungiyar ta Ibibio ta jihar Ibibio da ƙungiyar tarayyar Ibo suka yi. ƙungiyar ta girma cikin shahara daga 1948 zuwa 1951. A cikin 1951, Egbé Ọmọ Odùduwà ya goyi bayan kafa Ƙungiyar Ayyukan Jam'iyyar Siyasa ta Najeriya.
Haƙƙoƙin bayyana harshe
Sanannun lasisi
Duk da wannan, REL na iya kasancewa da amfani tare da waɗannan lasisi. Yana ba da hanyar da za a iya sarrafa na'ura don gano lasisin da ake amfani da shi, guje wa batutuwan suna da yuwuwar shubuha tsakanin "Lasisi na Apache" ko "Lasisi har 2.0 Apache". Marubutan waɗannan lasisin kuma suna buƙatar hanyar bayyana bayanan cikin su.
Egbe Omo Oduduwa
Foundation
Egbé Ọmọ Odùduwà an ƙirƙireta ne a1945 by Obafemi Awolowo, Akinola Maja, Oni Akerele, Akintola Williams, Saburi Biobaku, Abiodun Akinrele, DOA Oguntoye, Ayo Rosiji da wasu sauran mutane London, Ingila. Manufar su na kafa ƙungiyar ita ce haɗa kan al’ummar Yorùbá kamar yadda ƙungiyar ta jihar Ibibio da kuma ƙungiyar Ibo ta tarayya ta kafa; waɗanda suka kasance kwamitocin ayyukan siyasa na ƙabilar Ibibio da ƙabilar Igbo
Haƙƙoƙin bayyana harshe
lasisin da aka rigaya ya bayyana
Waɗannan suna kama da sanannun lasisi, domin an ayyana su kafin amfani da su kuma ana iya amfani da su a lokuta da yawa na lasisi. Bambancinsu shi ne kasancewar ba a san su ba, ya zama dole a bayyana abin da kowannen su ya kunsa, domin mai amfani zai iya haduwa da kowannen su a karon farko. REL yana ba da hanyoyin yin wannan.
Egbe Omo Oduduwa
Faɗaɗawa
Egbé Ọmọ Odùduwà ya girma a cikin 1948 lokacin da aka ƙaddamar da shi a Legas tare da manyan 'yan siyasar Yorùbá masu alaƙa da Ƙungiyar Matasan Najeriya. Waɗannan ‘yan siyasar sun haɗa da Cif Bode Thomas, Sir Adeyemo Alakija, Cif HO Davies, Sir Kofo Abayomi, Cif Akintola Williams, Dr. Akinola Maja da sauransu. Farfaɗowar da Egbé Ọmọ Odùduwà ya yi a shekarar 1948 ba bisa ga kuskure ba ne, domin a wannan shekarar ne ake ta cece-ku-ce kan yadda Najeriya za ta kasance a siyasance; kishin ƙasa ko parochialism. A wannan lokacin na gwagwarmayar neman 'yancin kai daga turawan ingila, kishin ƙasa mai tsattsauran ra'ayi ya kasance a cikin sama tun daga 1938, amma ya bayyana sosai tsakanin 1945 zuwa 1948. Wannan lokacin ya kasance babban yajin aiki na 1945 da yaƙin NCNC na 1946 a faɗin Najeriya don nuna adawa da kafa tsarin mulkin Richards.