cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Finote Selam
Finote Selam ( Amharic : Fnote Salam) birni ne kuma yanki daban a yammacin Habasha. Yana cikin Mirab Gojjam Zone na yankin Amhara, ta hanya 387 km daga Addis Ababa da 176 km daga Bahir Dar. Ta hanyar iska, nisa daga Addis Ababa shine 246 km. Finote Selam, "Hanyar Pasifik", sunan da Sarkin sarakuna Haile Silassie ya ba shi a lokacin mamayar Italiya a Habasha. A da sunanta Wojet. Yanzu Finote Selam shine babban birnin shiyyar Gojjam ta Yamma. Wannan garin yana da tsayi da latitude na 10.7°N, 37.26667°W
Tarihi
Finote Selam, "Hanyar Pasifik", sunan da Sarkin sarakuna Haile Silassie ya ba da lokacin da Italiya ta mamaye Habasha. A da sunanta Wojet.
A cikin 1964, an gina asibitin kutare a Finote Selam ta asusun mai zaman kansa "Taimakon Sweden ga Yara Leprous a Habasha". Asibitin, Asibitin Finote Selam, asibitin gundumar ne duk da cewa ba a inganta shi zuwa babban asibiti ba. Asibitin yana da iyakataccen kayan aiki. A shekarar 2019, an yi zanga-zangar lumana ta ma’aikatan asibitin, inda ake neman shugabanci na gari, kuma “asibitin zai zama babban asibiti”.
Caroline Chikezie
Caroline Chikezie 'yar fim din Burtaniya ce' yar asalin kasar Ingila, wacce aka fi sani da buga Sasha Williams a cikin As If, da kuma Elaine Hardy a Matan Matan 'Yan Kwallo. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan ta sami farin jini a matsayin babbar mai fada a ji a fim din Najeriya Gwamna.
Rayuwar Farko da Asalin Rayuwa
Chikezie an haife ta ne a Ingila, amma iyayen yan Najeriya kuma ‘yan asalin yaren Ibo. A shekara ta goma sha huɗu, an tura Chikezie zuwa makarantar allo a Najeriya don ƙoƙari ya sa ta yi watsi da burinta na zama 'yar fim. Kafin wannan, ta halarci karatun karshen mako a Italia Conti. Bayan ta dawo kasar Burtaniya, sai ta shiga jami'ar Brunel inda ta karanci Chemistry na likitanci (ana saran ta mallaki asibitin mahaifinta a Najeriya), amma ta daina zuwa makaranta. Daga baya ta sami gurbin karatu a kwalejin horar da masu raye-raye da rubuce rubuce ta Burtaniya.
Finote Selam
Alkaluma
Dangane da ƙidayar ƙasa ta 2007 da Hukumar Kididdiga ta Habasha (CSA) ta gudanar, wannan garin yana da jimillar mutane 25,913, waɗanda 13,035 maza ne da mata 12,878. Yawancin (95.91%) na mazaunan suna addinin Kiristanci na Orthodox na Habasha, kuma 3.34% Musulmai ne. Kidayar 1994 ta ba da rahoton jimillar mutane 13,834.
Caroline Chikezie
Talabijan
Bayan rawar da ta taka a Holby City, Casualty, da kuma fim din Burtaniya mai suna Babymother, Chikezie ta fara taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayinta na 'yar iska Sasha Williams a cikin As If in 2001. A cikin 2004 ta sami matsayi na yau da kullun kamar budurwar Kyle Pascoe Elaine Hardy a cikin Mata Uku na Matan Mata. Sauran ayyukan talabijin sun hada da 40, Judas Kiss, Free Fall da  'Yan'uwa maza da mata.
Deoule
Deoule wani ƙauye ne da karkara ƙungiya a Nijar.
Goûgaram
Goûgaram birni ne a Sashin Arlit na Yankin Agadez na arewacin tsakiyar Nijar. Ya zuwa shekarar 2011, garin yana da yawan jama'a da suka kai 6,549.
Finote Selam
Noma
Finote Selam da yankunan da ke makwabtaka da su sun shahara wajen samar da tef, masara, barkono, wake da "shimbira", 'ya'yan itace da kayan marmari.
Caroline Chikezie
Talabijan
Ta bayyana ne a matsayin Lisa Hallett, mamba ce ta kungiyar asirin Torchwood wacce ta rikide ta zama rabin-mutum Cyberman a cikin (Cyberwoman), wani labari na Torchwood, kuma a matsayin Tamara, wani abokin aikin mafarautan aljan, a cikin yanayi na 3 farko na Allahntaka. A cikin shekarar 2018, ta zama tauraruwa a matsayin mai maimaitawa, Sarauniya Tamlin ta Leah a lokacin 2 na Shannara Tarihi.
Finote Selam
Yawon shakatawa
Otal-otal a garin Finote Selam sun haɗa da Damot Hotel, da Otal ɗin Xtrem.
Fitattun Mutane
Shahararrun mutane daga Finote Selam sun hada da masanin kimiyya Segenet Kelemu da mai zane Yhunie Belay.
Caroline Chikezie
Talabijan
Ta kuma kasance tauraruwa kamar Angela Ochello a cikin fim din EbonyLife na Gidan Talabijin "Gwamna."
Fim
A matsayinta na ‘yar fim, Chikezie ta fito a matsayin Nasuada a fim din Eragon.
Al-Nassr
Al-Nasra Football Club ( نادي النصر السعودي  ; Naṣr ma'ana "Nasara") ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta ƙasar Saudiyya wacce aka ƙirƙira a shekarar 1955. Kulob ɗin yana Riyadh, babban birnin Saudiyya. Al-Nassr sananne ne ta hanyar Asiya da Gabas ta Tsakiya. Kulob ɗin yana da manyan magoya baya, wataƙila kulob ɗin da aka fi tallafawa a Saudi Arabia.
Tarihi
Zeid Bin Mutlaq Al-Ja'ba Al-Dewiah Al-mutiri ne ya kafa Al Nassr a shekarar 1955. An fara yin atisayen ƙungiyar a tsohon filin wasan su a Gashlat Al-shortah ta yamma ta Lambun Al-Fotah inda akwai ƙaramin filin wasa da ƙaramin ɗaki na ajiye ƙwallo da rigunan wasa. A ƙari ƴan uwa biyu na Al-Ja'ba, Ali da Issa Al-Ja'ba Owais sune na farko da suka fara aiki a ƙungiyar.
Kulob ɗin ya kasance a rukunin matsakaita har zuwa 1960 lokacin da aka yi masa rajista a hukumance tare da Babban Shugabancin Walwalar Matasa. A wannan lokacin ne Abdul Rahman bin Saud Al Saud ya zama shugaban Al Nassr. Al Nassr ya fara ne a rukuni na biyu na gasar. An kai su rukuni na farko a shekarar 1963. A shekarun 1970 zuwa 1980, kulob din ya lashe kofunan Premier huɗu na Saudiyya, kofunan Sarki shida, kofunan yarima mai jiran gado uku da kuma gasar cin kofin tarayya uku. An gina nasarar da tawagar ta samu a kusa da "Saudi Golden Trio" na Majed Abdullah, Fahd Al-Herafy da Mohaisn Al-Jam'aan.
Shigarwa
Al-Nassr kayan launuka rawaya ne da shuɗi. Tambarin ya yi kama da Yankin Larabawa mai launuka iri dayya, mai alamar yashin Saudiyya da kuma tekun da ke kusa da ita.
Gregory University
Jami'ar Bowen jami'ar Baptist ce mai zaman kanta Kirista ta Najeriya mallakar Taron Baptist na Najeriya. Jami'ar Bowen tana cikin Iwo a Jihar Osun, Najeriya, kuma tana cikin tsohon eka 1,300 (6 km²) harabar Kwalejin Baptist, cibiyar koyar da malamai a kan tudu da ke bayan gari.
Tarihi
An kafa Jami'ar a ranar 17 ga Yuli shekara ta 2001 ta Babban Taron Baptist na Najeriya. Gwamnatin Tarayyar Najeriya ta amince da kafa jami’ar sannan daga baya Hukumar Kula da Jami’o’i ta Kasa ta ba ta lasisin yin aiki.
An ƙaddamar da Majalisar Gudanarwa na wucin gadi a ranar 22 ga Agusta shekara ta 2001, tare da Farfesa JT Okedara a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Ƙasa da Mista EA Lawale a matsayin magatakarda. Ayyukan ilimi sun fara ne a ranar 4 ga Nuwamba shekara ta 2002, tare da shigar da ɗalibai 500 cikin Ilimin Aikin Noma, Kimiyya, Ilimin Kimiyya, da Kimiyyar zamantakewa da Gudanarwa. A cikin shekara ta 2017, zata sami ɗalibai 5,000. A cikin shekara ta 2018, jami'ar ta ƙaddamar da gidan rediyo.
Jami'ar Imam Muhammad ibn Saud Islamic
Jami'ar Imam Muhammad ibn Saud Islamic University (جامعة الإمام محمد بن سعود الإسلامية) a Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, an kafa shi a 1953. A cikin 1974, an ba ta matsayin jami'a ta hanyar dokar masarauta. Tana da laburare, ɗakin karatu na Yarima Sultan na Kimiyya da Ilimi, wanda ya kasance kafin jami'a. Jami'ar ta fara gudanar da dakin karatu a shekarar 1975. Laburaren abokiyar kawance ce ta ɗakin karatun Digital Digital.
Harshen Dagbani
Dagbani (ko Dagbane), wanda aka fi sani da Dagbanli da Dagbanle, yare ne na Gur da ake amfani da shi a Ghana. An ƙiyasta masu magana da asalin ta kusan 3,160,000. Matsala ce ta tilas a makarantar firamare da ƙaramar sakandare a Masarautar Dagbon, wacce ta shafi gabashin yankin. Dagbani shine yaren da aka fi amfani dashi a arewacin Ghana, musamman a cikin ƙabilu masu ban sha'awa waɗanda Sarkin Dagbon, Ya-Na ke kulawa.
Jami'ar Imam Muhammad ibn Saud Islamic
Sauran yanar gizo
24.4859°N, 46.42474°W<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"> 24.4859°N, 46.42474°W
Harshen Dagbani
Yaruka
Dagbani yana da babban yare tsakanin Dagbani na Gabas, wanda ya danganci garin Yendi babban birnin gargajiyar, da Yammacin Dagbani, wanda ya shafi cibiyar mulkin yankin Arewa, Tamale. Yaruka suna, duk da haka, ana iya fahimtar juna, kuma galibi sun ƙunshi wasula daban-daban a cikin wasu kalmomin, da nau'uka daban-daban ko lafazin wasu sunaye, musamman waɗanda ke magana game da fure na gari. Kalmomin Dagbani da Dagbanli da aka bayar a sama don sunan yaren suna bi da bi ne na yaren Gabas da Yamma, amma Kwamitin Ilimin Tarihin Dagbani ya warware cewa “An yanke shawarar cewa a cikin tsarin rubutun <Dagbani> ana amfani da shi don. . . Harshe, da <Dagbanli> ... zuwa rayuwa da al'ada ";   a cikin yaren da ake magana, kowane yare yana amfani da sigar sunan ga duka ayyukan biyu.
Wasula
Dagbani yana da wasula guda goma sha ɗaya - gajeren wasali da dogaye wasula biyar: Olawsky (1999) ya sanya schwa (ə) a maimakon, saɓanin sauran masu bincike kan yaren waɗanda ke amfani da mafi girman magana. Bambance -bambancen dangane da ci gaban harshe an tabbatar dashi sosai ga 4 daga waɗannan wasula: ~,  ~ ,  ~  da  ~.
Sautin
Dagbani yare ne na tonal wanda a cikinsa ake amfani da muryar don rarrabe kalmomi, kamar yadda a cikin gballi (high-high) 'kabari' vs. gballi  (high-low) 'zana mat'. Tsarin sautin na Dagbani yana da alamun sauti iri biyu da ƙasa (sakamako mai raguwa da ke faruwa tsakanin jerin sauti iri ɗaya).
Tsarin rubutu
Ana rubuta Dagbani a cikin haruffan Boko tare da ƙarin haruffa ɛ, ɣ, ŋ, ɔ, da ʒ, da na haɗin ch, gb, kp, ŋm, sh da ny. Adadin karatu ya kasance 2-3% ne kawai. Ana sa ran wannan kaso ya tashi tunda Dagbani yanzu ya zama tilas a makarantar firamare da ƙaramar sakandare a duk faɗin Dagbon. Tsarin rubutun yanzu ana amfani dashi (Kwamitin ilimin rubutun gargajiya / d (1998)) yana wakiltar yawan rarrabuwar alofonik. Alamar sauti ba.
Nahawu
Dagbani yana da mahimmanci, amma tare da wasu haɗin fuskoki. Tsarin doka a cikin jumlar Dagbani yawanci abu ne na wakilci.
Littafin kalmomi
Akwai fahimta game da matakin tarihin harshe a cikin takardu na Rudolf Fisch wanda ke nuna bayanan da aka tattara yayin aikin mishan a cikin mulkin mallaka na ƙasar Togo na Jamusanci a ƙarshen kwata na ƙarshen karni na sha tara, musamman mahimman kalmomin lafazi, duk da cewa akwai kuma wasu bayanai na nahawu  da matani samfurin. Wani sabon ƙamus na zamani ya buga a cikin 1934 ta wani jami'in Kudancin Ghana na gwamnatin mulkin mallaka, E. Foster Tamakloe, a cikin 1934, tare da bugu na Burtaniya Harold Blair. Editoci daban-daban sun kara zuwa jerin kalmomin kuma an samar da cikakken littafin a 2003 daga wani malamin Dagomba, Ibrahim Mahama. A cewar masanin ilimin harshe Salifu Nantogma Alhassan, akwai shaidun da ke nuna cewa akwai matakan ma'aurata masu nasaba da jinsi a cikin harshen Dagbani tare da "ƙarin Laƙabin da ke raina mata fiye da na maza." A halin yanzu, John Miller Chernoff da Roger Blench (waɗanda aka buga sigar su ta yanar gizo) kuma suka canza su zuwa hanyar tattara bayanai ta hanyar Tony Naden, a kan hakan ne ake samun cikakken ƙamus na ƙamus ɗin kuma ana iya duba shi kan layi
Saeed Al-Owairan
Saeed Al-Owairan (an haife shi a ranar 19 ga watan Agusta shekara ta alib 1967 ), tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ne Saudi Arabiya. Ya buga wasan ƙwallo a ƙungiyar ƙasar Saudiyya.
Kwalejin Bilyaminu Othman Na Ilimi
Kwalejin Bilyaminu Othman ta ilimi Kwaleji ce ta gwamnatin jiha, babbar makarantar ilimin nada mazauni a ƙaramar hukumar Dass, ta jihar Bauchi (jiha), dake taraiyar Nijeriya.
Tarihi
An kafa Kwalejin Ilimi ta Bilyaminu Othman a shekarar 2013.
Darussan
Cibiyar tana ba da darussan masu zuwa;
Gwamnan Legas
Matsayin doka ko yadda rol ɗin doka ke tafiya
Ikon farko da Tsarin Mulki ya ba gwamna shi ne kujerar baƙi (veto). Sashin Gabatarwa ya bukaci duk wani kudiri da Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Legas ta zartar a gabatar wa da gwamna kafin ya zama doka. Da zarar an gabatar da doka, gwamnan yana da zaɓi uku:
Ikon gudanarwa
Gwamna ya zama matattarar ikon zartarwa na Jihar Legas, kuma ikon da aka ba shi da kuma ayyukan da aka ɗora masa suna da girma matuka. Gwamnan shi ne shugaban bangaren zartarwa na gwamnatin jihar kuma doka ta wajabta masa "kula da cewa za a aiwatar da dokokin da aminci." Gwamnan yana yin nade-naden bangaren zartarwa da yawa: kwamishinoni da sauran jami’an jiha, duk gwamna ne ke nada su bisa la’akari da amincewar majalisar jihar. da kuma ƙarfin da aka basu ɓangaren gudanarwa gwamnan ya yi na korar jami’an zartarwa ya kasance batun siyasa mai rikici. Gabaɗaya, gwamnan na iya cire shuwagabannin zartarwa kawai yadda ya ga dama. Koyaya, majalisar na iya ragewa tare da tilasta ikon gwamna ya kori kwamishinoni na hukumomi masu zaman kansu da kuma wasu kananan jami'an zartarwa ta hanyar doka. Hakanan gwamnan yana da ikon jagorantar mafi yawancin bangarorin zartarwa ta hanyar umarnin zartarwa wadanda suka samo asali daga Doka ta jihar Legas ko kuma wacce doka ta bashi ikon zartarwa.
Ikon shari'a
Gwamnan kuma yana da ikon gabatar da babban alkalin jihar. Koyaya, waɗannan nade-naden suna buƙatar tabbatarwar majalisar dokoki. Tabbatar da amincewar na iya samar da babbar matsala ga gwamnonin da ke son karkata akalar shari'ar jihar zuwa ga wani ra'ayi na akida. Hakanan gwamnoni na iya bayar da gafara da sassauci, kamar yadda ake yi kusan gab da karewar wa'adin gwamna, ba tare da rikici ba.
Malami mai gabatar da dokoki
Yankin Rashin Tsarin Mulki ya hana gwamna (da duk sauran jami'an zartarwa) kasancewa memba na majalisar dokokin jihar a lokaci guda. Saboda haka, gwamna ba zai iya gabatar da shawarwarin doka kai tsaye ba don kulawa a cikin gidan. Koyaya, gwamnan na iya yin rawar kai tsaye wajen tsara dokoki, musamman idan jam'iyyar siyasa ta gwamna tana da rinjaye a cikin gidan (gidan wakilin). Misali, gwamna ko wasu jami'ai na bangaren zartarwa na iya tsara doka sannan kuma su nemi wakilai su gabatar da wadannan abubuwan a cikin gidan. Gwamnan na iya kara yin tasiri a bangaren majalisa ta hanyar tsarin mulki da aka ba da rahoto, rahoton lokaci-lokaci ga gidan. Bugu da ƙari, gwamnan na iya ƙoƙari ya sanya gidan ya canza dokar da aka gabatar ta hanyar barazanar yin watsi da dokar idan ba a yi canje-canjen da yake nema ba.
Tsarin zaɓe
Jama'a ne ke zaben Gwamna kai tsaye ta hanyar jam'iyyar siyasa da aka yi wa rajista zuwa wa'adin shekaru hudu, kuma yana daya daga cikin zababbun jami'an jihar guda biyu, dayan kuma Mataimakin Gwamna. Fasali na shida na kundin tsarin mulkin Najeriya na shekarar 1999 kamar yadda aka yiwa kwaskwarima ya sanya bukatun rike ofishin. Dole ne gwamna ya:
Takarda
Takarda wata abu ce fara tas da galibi ake rubutu da ita, duk da a wani lokaci akanyi wasu abubuwan da takarda ba dole sai rubutu ba to amman galibin takardu anyi su ne domin rubutu. kuma ana anfani da takarda domin yin zane-zane, da kuma buga rubutu. Sannan kuma takarda yana da bango na kariya saboda kar ya yi datti ko kuma ya yage da sauransu.
Gwamnan Legas
Manazarta
1. http://www.africa-confidential.com/whos-who-profile/id/2727/ http://dailypost.ng/2015/01/22/lagos-state-government-orders-jonathans-campaign-posters-removed/
2.. http://saharareporters.com/2014/09/29/lagos-state-government-seizes-september-salaries-doctors-second-month-row
Musa Mwin Tula
Musa Mwin Tula bishop ne na Anglican dake Najeriya: shi ne Bishop na Bauchi a halin yanzu, ɗaya daga cikin dioceses goma a cikin lardin Anglican na Jos, shi kansa ɗaya daga cikin larduna 14 a cikin Cocin Najeriya.
An zaɓe shi Bishop na Bauchi a lokacin taron Episcopal Synod a ranar 28 ga watan Yunin 2006, a All Saints Church, Wuse dake Abuja
Adam Masalachi
Adam Masalachi (An haife shi ranar 3 ga watan Janairu, 1994) shi ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ghana ne, wanda ke buga wa ƙungiyar Suhul Shire ta Habasha wasa a matsayin mai tsaron baya.
Rayuwar farko
Adam Masalachi an haife shi a garin Sabonjida, wani yanki na Tamale a cikin Arewacin Ghana. Tun yana yaro Adam Masalachi ya taka leda a ƙungiyar amateur a Tamale da aka fi sani da Real Republicans FC A shekarar 2009 tawagarsa ta zama ta uku a gasar zakarun kwalliyar kwalliya a Bolga, Ghana. Ya kuma halarci wasannin zakarun na tsakanin makarantun kungiyar ta SHS a shekarar 2010 inda ƙungiyar su ta zama ta biyu a gasar.
Ayyuka
Adam Masalachi ya fara buga wasansa na farko ne a kungiyar Al Egtmaaey Tripoli FC (Lebanon Team) a ranar 25 ga watan Agusta 2015 kuma wasan ya sabawa Salam Zgharta Fc inda ya zaburar da Al Egtmaaey Tripoli FC ya ci 2-1. Adam Masalachi ya buga wasa aro a kakarsa ta farko kuma ya samu kwantiragi a zagaye na biyu. Ya kuma taimaka wa sabuwar ƙungiyar da aka haɓaka don tabbatar da matsayi na 6 a saman jirgi na rukunin farko na gasar Premier ta Alpha Lebanon.
Emmanuel Chukwuma
An haifi Chukwuma a Asaba a ranar 15 ga watan Janairun shekara ta alif 1954. Bayan kammala karatun sakandare ya horar da zama malami. Sannan ya kammala karatun tauhidi a Kwalejin Immanuel ta Ibadan. An naɗa shi a shekarar 1981 kuma ya yi hidima a cocin Christ Church, Ibadan. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Malami ga Archbishop na Najeriya Alherinsa, Most Rev'd Timothy Olufosoye, Primate na Cocin Najeriya na farko; Vicar na St. Paul, Ibadan; kuma a matsayin Bishop na Bauchi.
An zaɓe shi a matsayin Archbishop na Enugu a babban taron Cocin Najeriya karo na 11, wanda aka gudanar a Cocin Cathedral of the Good Shepherd, Enugu, a cikin watan Satumban 2014.
Bob Saget
Robert Lane "Bob" Saget (An haifeshi a shekara ta 1956) mawakin Tarayyar Amurka ne.
Conquest of al-Hasa
Yunkurin al-Hasa ya samu ne daga sojojin Saudiyya na ibn Saud tare da tallafi daga Ikhwan a cikin watan Afrilu 1913. An ci nasarar Oasis na al-Hasa daga rundunar soja ta Ottoman, wanda ke iko da yankin tun 1871.
Kodayake shugabannin kungiyar mabiya addinan Shia na Saudiyya sun tattauna kan mika kai da amincewa da ikon siyasar Wahabiyanci don sassaucin ra'ayi, al'ummomin Shia a al-Hasa da Qatif sun kasance cikin tsananin kulawa da zalunci.
Ottomans da sauri sun yarda da asarar al-Hasa, kuma sun yarda da al-Hasa da Nejd suna ƙarƙashin mulkin Ibn Saud.
Tsibirin Richardson
Tsibirin Richardson tsohon tsibiri ne a San Francisco Bay, a arewacin California dake akasar Amurka. Yayin da ruwa da marsh suka kewaye shi (kuma ya bayyana a matsayin tsibiri a cikin taswirar da aka bincika a cikin shekara ta 1894), haɓaka yankunan da ke kewaye ya sa ƙasa ta kewaye shi gaba ɗaya a tsakiyar ƙarni na 20. Tana cikin gundumar Marin, a cikin garin Corte Madera. Matsayin sa shine , kuma Amurka Sashen Binciken (USGS) ya ba ta tadawa kamar 16 Fata (4.9 m) a shekara ta 1981. Yana kusa da ƙarshen Corte Madera Creek, inda yake kwarara zuwa San Francisco Bay.
A cikin shekara ta 1950, birnin Corte Madera ya shiga cikin "yaƙin haɗewa" tare da Larkspur maƙwabta; Tsibirin Richardson na ɗaya daga cikin yankuna da dama Corte Madera yayi ƙoƙarin haɗawa. Daga cikin huɗu, birni ya yarda da ɗaya don a haɗa shi da doka-"ƙari Fifer-Moore", wanda ke Tsibirin Richardson. A baya Larkspur ya yi ƙoƙarin toshe haɗin tsibirin ta hanyar "yanke shi" daga Corte Madera. A shekara ta 2009, yankin da tsibirin Richardson ya mamaye a baya ya kasance wani ɓangare na Corte Madera, kuma da farko an keɓe shi don kasuwanci mai amfani, yankin ƙofa mai amfani, da wuraren jama'a da na jama'a. An rarrabe shi a ƙarƙashin yankin nazarin shirin al'umma na "Fifer Avenue/Tamal Vista".
Ramat Polytechnic
Kamar sauran jami'o'in duniya, wannan cibiyar tana ƙoƙarin tabbatar da cewa samfuran nata sun sami shirye -shirye masu inganci. Don wannan, koyaushe ya kasance yana ba da kansa ga bisa na tsara shirye -shiryen sa. Manufofin karatun da aka inganta suna da mahimmanci ga al'umma tare da kasancewa tare da sabbin hanyoyin ilimi na zamani..Kulawar Majalisar a cikin al'amuran kuɗi da horo na ma'aikata kuma yana tabbatar da cewa wannan jami'a tana da lissafin tsarin jami'ar.
Tsarin ilimi da gudanarwa na jami'a
Tsarin ilimi na jami'ar ya ƙunshi sassan bincike-koyarwa da aka tsara da kuma tallafin koyarwa da bincike masu dacewa. Sashen shine sashin asali na ƙungiyar ilimi da nufin haɓaka hulɗa tsakanin fannoni masu alaƙa a cikin jami'a. Kodayake kowane ɗayan tarbiyyar ilimi ƙungiya ce ta ƙungiya, duk suna da koyarwa iri ɗaya da sha'awar bincike ta hanyar ruhin haɗin gwiwa da bincike tsakanin ɗalibai da haɓaka ƙoƙarin ƙungiyar.
Tsarin gudanarwa na wata makaranta ya ta'allaka ne kan Ofishin Dean, yayin da sassan ke mai da hankali kan al'amuran ilimi da abubuwan da ake nema. Majali.,sar ce ke jagorantar al'amuran jami'a a cikin manufofi da al'amuran kuɗi, yayin da majalisar dattijai ke tantance duk al'amuran ilimi.
Mataimakin shugaban jami'a shine babban jami;an jami'ar kuma yana kula da ayyukan ilimi da gudanarwa na jami'a a ƙarƙashin umarni da /ko shawarar kwamitocin da suka dace. Irin waɗannan kwamitocin sun haɗa da majalisa da kwamitocin ta, majalisar dattawa da kwamitocin ta, kwamitocin haɗin gwiwa na majalisar/sanatoci, kwamitocin malamai, kwamitocin gudanarwa da sauran kwamitocin doka.
Diagourou, Nijar
Diagourou, Nijar ne wani ƙauye da karkara ƙungiya a Nijar.
Frank Artus
Gregory Artus Frank (an haife shi a ranar 4 ga watan Mayu, Shekara ta alif ɗari tara da saba'in da tara 1979A.c), kuma wanda aka sani da Frank Artus, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Laberiya, darekta kuma mai shiryawa a masana'antar fina-finai ta Afirka ta Yamma.
Kuruciya da ilimi
An haifi Frank a gundumar Montserrado, Laberiya. Asalin dan kasar Laberiya ne. Ya halarci kwaleji a Jami'ar AME da ke Monrovia, inda ya sami digiri a fannin Gudanar da Albarkatun Jama'a (Human Resources Management).
Sana'a
Frank ya fara aikinsa a Laberiya. Ba da dadewa ba, ya komo kasar Ghana inda ya yi aiki a Venus Films, daga baya ya ci gaba da yin fina-finai a Najeriya ( Nollywood ). Bayan yin aiki a ƙananan ayyuka a Laberiya, Artus ya rubuta, ya bada umarni, kuma ya fito a matsayin tauraro a cikin fim ɗin Juetey (Kasuwancin Yara). A cikin 2008, Jutey ta sami lambobin yabo shida da suka haɗa da mafi kyawun marubuci, mafi kyawun 'yar wasan kwaikwayo, da fim ɗin shekara. Juetey shine ƙoƙarin farko na Frank akan rubutun allo.
Tun daga lokacin ya fito a fina-finai sama da 100. An zabe shi don samun lambobin yabo da yawa, kuma ya lashe kyautar Mafi kyawun Jarumin Duniya na 2012 a Kyautar Kwalejin Kwalejin Afirka. Ya kuma ci lambar yabo ta Hall of Grace Award 2013. Ɗaya daga cikin sanannun fina-finansa shine 2012's Order of Ring, wanda ya yi a cikin tsirara.
A cikin 2015 an ba Frank lambar yabo ta Face of Africa Award a matsayin fitaccen dan wasa. Ya kuma samu lambobin yabo da dama, ciki har da lambar yabo ta Humanitarian Figure Award daga kwamitin bayar da lambar yabo ta Nahiyar saboda gudunmawar da ya bayar wajen yaki da cutar Ebola.
Fastocin Finafinan Ghana
Fastocin Fina-finan Ghana wani hoton fim ne da aka zana da hannu a Ghana da ake amfani da shi wajen tallata fina-finan da aka yi a Ghana da kuma fina-finan duniya. Fastocin fina-finan Ghana, musamman fastocin da aka zana da hannu tun daga shekarun 1980 zuwa 1990, sun zama abin lura saboda hasashe da fasaha na musamman. An baje su a ko'ina cikin duniya a cikin gidajen tarihi da gidajen tarihin ,Los Angeles, New York, Hong Kong, San Francisco, Chicago, da gaba ɗayan Turai.
Tarihi
A cikin shekarun 1980, godiya ga ƙirƙira na'urar rikodin bidiyo, ƙananan gidajen sinima na farko sun fito a Babban yankin Accra a Ghana. A waɗancan shekarun, gidajen sinima galibi suna ta hannu. Masu gudanar da aikinsu sun kasance suna zagayawa a duk faɗin yankin tare da zaɓin kaset ɗin fina-finai, TV, VCR, da janareta, suna tafiya daga ƙauye zuwa na gaba don nuna fina-finai. Don jawo hankali ga wasan kwaikwayon nasu, sun sanar da su da fatunan fina-finai masu ban sha'awa da hannu, galibi ana fentin su a kan buhunan fulawa da aka sake yin fa'ida. Masu rarraba fina-finai na cikin gida ne suka bayar da waɗannan zane-zanen hotuna waɗanda suka haɗa kai da ƙwararrun masu fasaha da masu zane-zane kamar Alex Boateng, Leonardo, Africatta, Muslim, Death is Wonder, Joe Mensah, DA Jasper, Stoger, Heavy J, Lawson Chindayen, Bright Obeng, Dan Nyenkumah, Sammy Mensah, da sauransu, waɗanda suka ƙera hotuna na musamman don jawo hankalin jama'a zuwa gidajen sinima na wayar hannu.
Fassarar shekarun zinare (tsakiyar 1980-2000)
Tunda mutanen Ghana yanzu suna siya ko hayar fina-finansu ko sun fi son kallon su a gida, kuma da zuwan fasahar buga dijital zuwa Ghana a wajajen shekara ta 2000, al'adar hoton fim ɗin da aka zana da hannu ta canza har abada. Lokacin daga tsakiyar shekarun 1980 zuwa ƙarshen 1990 ana kallonsa azaman Zamanin Zinare na Fina-finan Ghana lokacin da al'adar ta kasance mafi ƙarfi da inganci. Yawancin gidajen fina-finai sun kasance a rufe a cikin ƴan shekarun nan, kuma 'yan kaɗan da suka rage ba za su iya samun damar yin amfani da hotunan fim na hannu ba, ta yin amfani da na'urar bugawa maimakon. Saboda haka, a yankin Greater Accra, da wuya a sami wasu gidajen sinima da har yanzu suke amfani da fololin fim ɗin da aka zana da hannu. Yawancin masu fasaha da suka kasance suna aiki ga masu rarraba fim sun juya zuwa wasu ayyuka. Suna zana alamun tituna da har yanzu suna da farin jini a Ghana, kuma a yankin Greater Accra wasu kuma suna taimakawa wasu masu fasaha kamar Paa Joe ko Kudjoe Afutu wajen zanen akwatin gawa na alama, palanquins da ƙananan sassaka. Wasu masu zanen alamar, irin su Heavy J., Moses, Jasper, Farkira ko Leonardo suma suna aiki a kasuwar fasaha ta duniya, inda ake nuna fastocin fina-finai na Ghana da kuma akwatuna na alama a nune-nunen fasahar zamani na Afirka inda suke karba. kara hankali.
Fastoci na yau da kullun (2001-yanzu)
Bayan shekara ta 2000 da kuma buga Extreme Canvas, an fara baje kolin hotunan fina-finai na Ghana a duk duniya a matsayin babban fasaha a gidajen kallo. A lokaci guda, kasuwancin sinima ta wayar hannu ta canza ta yadda masu sauraron gida za su fi yawan kallon fina-finai a gida kuma gidajen fina-finai za su yi amfani da tallace-tallacen dijital mai rahusa mai yawa don fina-finai. Da sabuwar kasuwar duniya ta fastocin fina-finan Ghana, wasu masu zanen fina-finai sun ci gaba da yin fenti ba don masu kallon Ghana ba, amma na kasuwar fasaha ta duniya, yayin da wasu suka yi ritaya daga al'adar gaba daya.
A cikin shekarun 2010, an sami kasuwa don ba da izini ta hanyar intanet da kafofin watsa labarun, galibi ta hanyar ƙoƙarin Mujallar Prey Gallery a Chicago. Deadly Prey ya aika da fastocin da magoya baya suka bukaci a yi musu fentin da masu fasaha a Ghana. Wasu daga cikin masu fasaha da aka ba da izini sune masu fasaha na asali na al'ada tun kafin 2000, yayin da wasu sun kasance sababbi ga nau'in. Waɗannan sabbin fastocin sun ƙara ba da fifiko kan lurid, gory, da galibin abubuwan ban dariya na sinimar Amurka da TV, daga Star Wars zuwa Mrs. Shakku don Kashe Sha'awarku. Fastocin da aka ba da izini na zamani galibi suna nuna tashin hankali, ɓarna, da ban tsoro a cikin fina-finai waɗanda waɗannan abubuwan ba su bayyana a asali ba.
Asalin a matsayin masu zanen alamar
Masu zane-zane sun fara kallon fina-finan da aka fi yin su a Ghana ko Najeriya, sannan suka kirkiro fosta na fim. Ga gidajen sinima na wayar hannu, waɗannan ayyukan dole ne su kasance masu ƙarfi, arha don samarwa, da nauyi mai nauyi saboda masu aikin silima sun zagaya da kayan. Saboda haka, masu zane-zane sun yi amfani da zanen auduga mai arha amma mai dorewa wanda suka samu daga buhunan fulawa na Ghana. Wannan rigar da aka saƙa ta manne sosai da mai da fentin su na acrylic ta yadda har ana iya rataye fosta a waje idan aka yi ruwan sama. Da kyakykyawan kalar nasu da hoton hoton da suka dace da masu kallo na Ghana, nan take wadannan zane-zane suka dauki hankulan jama'a, suka kuma sa sun fi zuwa gidajen sinima fiye da fastoci na yau da kullun da ake bugawa a Najeriya.
Salon bakin ruwa
A bakin tekun a Accra, an sami wani salo mai cikakken bayani wanda Joe Mensah, Alex Boateng, Leonardo, Death is Wonder, da sauransu suka yi. Wannan salon sau da yawa yana ba da haske game da tsokar tsoka da sutura, da kuma almubazzarancin hotuna da fashe-fashe.
Salon Kumasi
Ƙarin cikin ƙasa, a yankin tsakiyar Ghana, Kumasi, wani salo na daban da aka yi fentin na hannu ya fito. Masu yin wannan salon irin su Africatta, Babs, da Kwaku sun zana layi da adadi kamar an zana gashin iska don jaddada ƙarin cikakkun bayanai.
Asiyah
Asiya ( Arabic   ), A madadin Asiyah ( Arabic    ), Wani lokacin ana kiranta da Asiya bint Muzahim ( Arabic    ), itace Babbar Mace mai Mulki na Tsohuwar Misiran Fir'auna kuma itace uwa marikiyar annabi Mũsã a cikin addinin Musulunci. Musulmai suna girmama ta a matsayin ta daya daga cikin manyan mata hudu na kowane zamani, kuma kamar yadda wani ruwaya ya ambata a cikin Sahih al-Bukhari, na biyu kenan. An tabbatar da cewa ta karɓi tauhidi a ɓoye bayan ta shaida mu'ujjizan Musa a kotun mijinta. Tabbacin ya nuna cewa Asiya tana bauta wa Allah a ɓoye kuma ta yi addu'ar Neman tsari daga mijinta da ayyukansa. Ta ɗauki Musa kuma ta tabbatar wa mijinta kada ya kashe shi. Ta mutu yayin da mijinta ya azabtar da ita, wanda ya gano bata yarda da shi ba, Kuma tayi masa tawaye akan mulkin mallaka.
Khamis Al-Dosari
Khamis Al-Owairan Al-Dosari 8 Satumba 1973 - 7 January 2020) dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na kasar Saudi Arabiya . Ya taka leda a matsayin dayn wasan tsakiya.
Asiyah
Farkon rayuwa
Musulmai sun yi imanin cewa Asiya ta fito daga dangin masu arziki kuma kyakkyawar mace ce kuma mai karamci. An shirya aurenta da Fir'auna. Amma halinta ba kamar mijinta ba, tana da tawali’u kuma ta yarda da bangaskiyar da Musa da Haruna suke wa’azi. Duk da cewa tana da dukiya da yawa, amma ba ta da girman kai kamar Fir’auna. Ta lura cewa bangaskiya tana da muhimmanci sosai kuma Allah ya daukaka shi a cikin matan zuriyarta.
Khamis Al-Dosari
An haifi Al-Dosari a garin Riyadh. Ya buga wa Al-Hilal da Al-Ittihad mafi yawan ayyukansa. Ya kuma taka leda a ƙungiyar Saudi Arabiya kuma ya kasance memba a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1996 da gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA da 1998 da 2002.
Al-Dosari ya mutu sakamakon cutar kansa ta kwakwalwa a ranar 7 ga Janairun 2020. Ya kasance 46.
Asiyah
Rainon Musa
Asiya da kuyangunta sun kasance a bakin kogin Nilu wata rana. Don mamakinsu, sai suka sami akwati na linkaya a ruwa. Nan take Asiya ta ba da umarnin a fito da akwatin akafito da shi bakin Mahayin sun yi tunanin akwai wata taska a cikin akwatin, amma a maimakon haka sai suka sami ɗan jinjiri a ciki,wato Musa. Nan take Asiya ta ji kaunar uwa a gare shi. Ta faɗa wa Fir'auna labarin jaririn. An bayyana lamarin a cikin Alqur’ani.
Ta'if
Taif ko Ta'if ko Ɗaifa ( Larabci الطائف, aṭ-Ṭā’if ) birni ne, da ke a lardin Makka na Saudi Arabia, a tsayi a 1879 m a kan gangaren tsaunukan Sarawat (Dutsen Al-Sarawat). Yana da yawan jama'a 521,273 (ƙidayar 2004). A kowane bazara Gwamnatin Saudiyya tana tashi daga gari mai zafi na Riyadh zuwa Ta'if. Garin shine tsakiyar yankin noma wanda aka san shi da inabi, wardi da zuma.
Asiyah
Rainon Musa
Matar Fir'auna tace, sanyin ido agare mu da kai, kar ku kashe shi, zai iya zama mai amfani a gare mu, ko Kuma mu rike shi amatsayin yaro sai dai su zama su lura ba.
Ta'if
Mazauna
Mazaunan yankin Ta'if, yawancinsu 'yan Saudiyya ne. Hakanan akwai manyan baƙi daga Asiya, Turkiya, da sauran ƙasashen Larabawa.
Asiyah
Rainon Musa
Qur'an: Sara Al-Qasas, aya ta 9
Ta'if
Tarihin farko
A cikin karni na 6 garin Banu Thaqif ne yake mulkin garin na Tā'if.
Garin yana kusan 100 km kudu maso gabashin Makka. Birni mai garu ya kasance cibiyar addinin maguzawa. Ta ƙunshi gunkin allahiya al-lāt, wanda a lokacin ake kira "matar Tā'if." Yanayinta ya banbanta da busasshiyar busharar yankuna kusa da Bahar Maliya. Alkama, inabi, da sauran kayan marmari duk ana samunsu a Yankin, shine ma fi girma a kewayen Tā'if. Garin ya sami taken "Aljannar Hejaz ."
Asiyah
Mutuwa
Lokacin da ta shaida mutuwar mace mai imani a karkashin azabtar da mijinta, sai ta bayyana imanin ta a gaban Fir’auna wanda ya yi qoqarin ya juya ta daga addinin Musa, amma Asiya ta ki yarda,ta yarda da Allah da koyarwar Musa. A kan umarnin Fir'auna, an azabtar da ita har lokacin mutuwarta.
Ta'if
Tarihin farko
Dukansu Ta'if da Makka duk wuraren shakatawa ne na aikin hajji. Mutanen Ta'if suna da alaƙar kasuwanci da mutanen Makka. Mutanen Ta'if sun cigaba da noma da 'ya'yan itace ‑ ƙari ga ayyukansu na kasuwanci.
Asiyah
Legacy
An ce Asiya ta kasance mai imani na kwarai kuma ta mika kanta ga Allah gaba daya, duk da kasancewarta matar Fir'auna. A cewar Hadisi, za ta kasance daga cikin mata na farko da suka shiga Aljanna saboda ta yarda da tauhidi Musa game da abin da Fir'auna ya gaskata. Kur'ani ya ambaci Asiya a matsayin misali ga dukkan musulmai
Ta'if
Tarihin farko
A lokacin shekarar giwa, garin ya kasance cikin abubuwan da suka faru.
Asiyah
Legacy
Allah ya sanya, amatsayin misali ga wadanda suka yarda da matar Fira'auna, Sai tace; Ya Allah! Ka gina mun gida kusa gare ka, a Aljanna, Kuma ka kare ni daga Fir'auna da ayyukan shi, Kuma ka kareni daga wadanda suke aikata zalunci.
-Qur'an, Sura 66 (At-Tahrim) aya 11
Ta'if
1517: Miƙa wuya ga Daular Ottoman
A ranar 17 ga Yuli 1517 Sharif na Makka ya ba da Ta'if ga Sarkin Ottoman Selim I. A matsayin alamar wannan, ya sallama masa mabuɗan biranen Islama na Makka da Madina. A matsayin wani ɓangare na Hejaz, an ba da Ta'if ga ikon daular Ottoman.
Asiyah
Legacy
Abu Musal Ashaari ya ba da labarin cewa da zarar Annabin Musulunci, Muhammad ya bayyana cewa,
Ta'if
1802 – 1813: Saudiyyar ta sake dawo dashi kuma Ottoman sun sake nemo ta
Birnin ya cigaba da kasancewa Daular Ottoman har tsawon ƙarni uku, har sai a cikin 1802 tawayen Saudiyya, wanda ke cikin ƙawancen gidan Saud ya sake kwace shi. Wadannan sojojin sai suka cigaba da kwace Makka da Madina. Asarar ta Daular Usmaniyya sosai, wacce ta kalli kanta a matsayin mai kare Birane Masu Tsarki. Sarkin Daular Usmaniyya, Mahmud II, ya kirayi Mataimakinsa na musamman a Misira Muhammad Ali, wanda ya ƙaddamar da hari kan Hejaz kuma ya sake dawo da Ta'if a 1813.
1813: Johann Ludwig Burckhardt
A cikin 1813, matafiyi ɗan Switzerlandi kuma masanin gabas Johann Ludwig Burckhardt ya ziyarci Ta'if. Ya bar bayanin shaidun gani da ido a kan garin jim kaɗan bayan da Muhammad Ali ya dawo da shi, wanda ya yi hira da shi da yawa yayin da yake wurin. A cewar Burckhardt, Othman el Medhayfe ne ya gina bango da tsanya a kewayen birnin. Akwai ƙofofi uku da hasumiyoyi da yawa akan ganuwar gari, waɗanda, duk da haka, basu da ƙarfi, kasancewar a wasu wuraren 45 cm lokacin farin ciki Sharif Ghalib ne ya gina gidan. Ya kuma lura da halakar da birni da aka yi sanadiyyar mamayar 1802. Yawancin gine-ginen suna cikin rugujewa yayin da yake can kuma kabarin Abdullah bn Abbas - dan uwan Annabi Muhammad (SAW) kuma kakan khalifancin Abbasawa - ya lalace sosai. Ya kuma rubuta cewa yawan mutanen garin yawanci Thaqīf ne. Dangane da kasuwanci, garin ya kasance wurin ciniki ga kofi.
1843: Aikin Gine-gine a cikin karni na 19
Gidaje da barikin soja a Ta'if daular Ottoman ne suka gyara a cikin 1843, wani Hükümet Konağı - gidan kasuwanci na gwamnati - aka gina a 1869, kuma wani lokaci daga baya aka kafa gidan waya.
1916 – 1924: Tawayen Larabawa da ikon Hashemite
Kafin Tawayen Larabawa, an naɗa Ahmed Bey a matsayin kwamandan sojojin Ottoman a yankin Tā'if. Yana da sojoji 3,000 a karkashinsa da bindigogi 10 na manyan bindigogin tsaunuka. Ghalib Pasha, gwamnan Hejaz shima yana cikin garin. A cikin 1916, Hashemites sun ƙaddamar da tawayensu ga Daular Ottoman a Makka a watan Yuni. Birnin ya faɗi sannan a cikin Yuli, an aika Abdullah, babban ɗan shugaban Hashemite kuma Sharif na Makka Husayn bin Ali tare da mutum saba'in zuwa Tā'if. Yayin da ayyukansa a yankin suka haifar da shakkun Ahmed Bey, Ghalib Pasha bai damu da wata ƙaramar rundunar ba. Abdullah ya gina rundunarsa a asirce zuwa mutum 5,000. Sannan ya yanke wayoyin gidan waya zuwa cikin gari sannan ya cigaba da kai harin. Duk wasu hare-hare na Hashemite da aka kaiwa birni an tunkuɗe su da bindigogin tsaunuka, kuma ɓangarorin biyu sun daidaita zuwa ga mamayar da ba ta da tsoro. Koyaya, a hankali an kawo bindigogin Hashemite zuwa Tā'if, sannan garin ya ɗan ƙara tsayi; a karshe ya mika wuya a ranar 22 ga watan Satumba. Ta haka ne garin daga baya ya zama wani ɓangare na Masarautar Hashemite da ke Hejaz.
1924: Nasara ta Ikhwan ƙarƙashin Abdulaziz al-Saud
Ta'if bai daɗe a hannun Hashemite ba. Ba da daɗewa ba rikici tsakanin Sarkin Hejaz, Husayn ibn Ali, da Abdulaziz al-Saud, Sarkin Nejd, ba da daɗewa ba cikin rikici. Ko da yake tashin hankali ya kasance na ɗan lokaci a cikin 1919, zuwa watan Satumba na 1924 Ikhwan da ke Saudiyya a lokacin ƙarƙashin jagorancin Sultan bin Bajad da Khaled bin Luwai a shirye suke su farma Ta'if. Ya kamata ɗan sarki, Ali ya kare garin, amma ya gudu da firgici tare da sojojinsa. 300 daga cikinsu Ikhwan ya kashe. A cikin 1926 Abdulaziz al-Saud ya amince da shi a matsayin sabon sarki na Hejaz. Ta'if ya kasance wani bangare na Masarautar Hejaz har zuwa lokacin da Abdulaziz al-Saud ya hade masarautun sa biyu zuwa daya karkashin taken Masarautar Saudi Arabia a 1932. Shi kansa sarki daga baya ya mutu a cikin gari a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba 1953.
1940s: Zamani a ƙarƙashin Saudi
Ta'if har yanzu bai fi birni na da yawa ba lokacin da Saudi suka mamaye ta. Ko yaya, daga baya sun zura ido don zamanantar da garin. An kafa injin samar da wutar lantarki na farko a kasar ta Saudiyya a garin Ta'if a karshen shekarun 1940. Dangane da gina hanyoyi zuwa cikin gari, a cikin 1965 Sarki Faisal na lokacin ya ƙaddamar da 54 mi babbar hanyar dutse tsakanin Makka da Ta'if, kuma a cikin 1974 an fara babbar hanyar Ta'if- Abha - Jizan mai mil mil 400.
Yanayi
Taif yana da yanayin hamada mai zafi ( Köppen rabe-raben yanayi BWh), tare da rani mai zafi da sanyin hunturu. Yanayin zafi ba zafi a lokacin rani kamar na ƙananan yankuna na Saudi Arabia. Ruwan sama ba shi da ƙanƙanci, amma duk watanni suna ganin wasu ruwan sama, tare da ƙarin ruwan sama a bazara da ƙarshen kaka fiye da sauran watanni.
Jerin mazauna
Bani Hareth na ɗaya daga cikin ƙabilun Larabawan Adnani da ke zaune a kusa da Taif a Saudi Arabia. Kabilar tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙabilu a yankin kuma suna mamaye cikakken yanki tsakanin Taif da Al Qunfuthah a Saudi. Bani Adwan yana daya daga cikin kabilun Larabawan Adnani wadanda ke zaune a asalin yankin Taif na arewacin, da kuma a kudancin Jordan. Thu Al issba'a Al Adwani (a larabci) wani mutum ne na ƙabila A zamanin jahiliyya, wanda aka san shi a matsayin mawaƙi kuma mutum ne mai hikima. Bayan haka, Banu Thabet mutane ne daga zuriyar Thabit. Asalin asalinsa dangin Otaibah ne.
Ciwon daji na fata
Ciwon daji na fata ciwon daji ne da ke tasowa daga fata. Suna faruwa ne saboda hadakar kwayoyin da ba su da kyau wadanda ke da ikon mamayewa ko yada zuwa wasu sassan jiki. Akwai manyan nau'ikan cututtukan fata guda uku: basal-cell skin cancer (BCC), squamous-cell skin cancer (SCC) da melanoma. Biyu na farko, tare da adadin cututtukan daji na fata da ba su da yawa, ana san su da cutar kansar fata mara-melanoma (NMSC). Ciwon daji na Basal-cell yana girma sannu a hankali kuma yana iya lalata nama da ke kewaye da shi amma da wuya ya yadu zuwa wurare masu nisa ko kuma ya haifar da mutuwa. Sau da yawa yana bayyana azaman yanki mai tasowa mara zafi wanda kila yana sheki tare da ƙananan magudanan jini suna yawo a kai ko kuma yana iya kasancewa a matsayin wuri mai tasowa tare da miki. Ciwon daji na fata na squamous-cell yana iya yaduwa. Yawancin lokaci yana gabatar da kututture mai wuya tare da kwanbolin saman amma kuma yana iya haifar da miki. Melanomas sune mafi yawan tashin hankali. Alamun sun haɗa da mole wanda ya canza girma, siffa, launi, yana da gefuna marasa daidaituwa, yana da launi fiye da ɗaya, mai ƙaiƙayi ko zubar jini.
Ciwon daji na fata shine nau'in ciwon daji da aka fi sani, a duniya yana da akalla kashi 40% na masu cutar kansa. Mafi yawan nau'in ciwon daji na fata wanda ba na melanoma ba ne, wanda ke faruwa a akalla mutane miliyan 2-3 a kowace shekara. Wannan kididdigewa ce, duk da haka, saboda ba a kiyaye kididdiga masu kyau. Daga cikin cututtukan da ba na melanoma ba, kusan kashi 80% na ciwon daji ne na basal-cell da kashi 20% na ciwon daji na fata. Basal-cell da squamous-cell fata ciwon daji da wuya ya haifar da mutuwa. A Amurka, su ne sanadin kasa da 0.1% na duk mutuwar ciwon daji. A duniya a cikin 2012, melanoma ya faru a cikin mutane 232,000 kuma ya haifar da mutuwar 55,000. Fararen fata a Ostiraliya, New Zealand da Afirka ta Kudu suna da mafi girman adadin cutar melanoma a duniya. Manyan nau'ikan ciwon daji guda uku na fata sun zama ruwan dare a cikin shekaru 20 zuwa 40 da suka gabata, musamman a wuraren da galibin fararen fata ne.
Rabewa
Akwai manyan nau'o'in ciwon daji guda uku: ciwon daji na basal-cell (basal-cell carcinoma) (BCC), squamous-cell cancer skin (squamous-cell carcinoma) (SCC) da kuma m melanoma Basal-cell carcinomas sun fi kasancewa a wuraren da rana ta fallasa fata, musamman fuska. Ba kasafai suke yin metastases ba kuma da wuya su haifar da mutuwa. Ana samun saukin magance su da tiyata ko radiation. Ciwon daji na fata na squamous-cell su ma suna da yawa, amma ba su da yawa fiye da ciwon daji na basal-cell. Suna metastasize akai-akai fiye da BCCs. Ko da a lokacin, kimar metastasis ya yi ƙasa kadan, ban da SCC na lebe, kunne, da kuma a cikin mutanen da ke da rigakafi. Melanoma sune mafi kankanta a cikin cututtukan daji na fata guda uku. Suna yawan yin metastasize, kuma suna iya haifar da mutuwa da zarar sun bazu.
Ƙananan ciwon daji na fata sun haɗa da: dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, Merkel cell carcinoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, keratoacanthoma, spindle cell ciwace-ciwacen daji, sebaceous carcinomas, microcystic adnexal carcinoma, Paget ta cutar nono, atypical fibroomsarthoma.
Alamomi da alamomi
Akwai nau'ikan alamun cutar kansar fata iri-iri. Wadannan sun haɗa da canje-canje a cikin fata da ba ta warkewa, kumburi a cikin fata, fata mai launin fata, da canje-canje a cikin moles da ke wanzu, irin su gefuna masu jakunkuna zuwa tawadar Allah, ƙara girman tawadar, canza launi, yadda yake ji ko kuma idan ya zubar da jini. . Sauran alamun ciwon daji na fata na iya zama rauni mai raɗaɗi wanda ke ƙaiƙayi ko konewa da babban tabo mai launin ruwan kasa tare da ɗigon ɗigon duhu.
Basal-cell fata ciwon daji
Ciwon daji na fata na Basal-cell (BCC) yawanci yana gabatarwa azaman tashe, santsi, kumburin lu'u-lu'u akan fatar kai, wuyan rana, gaɓar jiki ko kafadu. Wasu lokuta ana iya ganin ƙananan tasoshin jini (wanda ake kira telangiectasia ) a cikin ƙwayar cuta. Kumburi da zub da jini a tsakiyar ƙwayar cuta na tasowa akai-akai. Yawancin lokaci ana kuskure don ciwon da ba ya warkewa. Wannan nau'i na ciwon daji na fata shine mafi ƙarancin kisa, kuma tare da ingantaccen magani ana iya kawar da shi, sau da yawa ba tare da tabo mai mahimmanci ba.
Squamous-cell kansar fata
Squamous-cell skin cancer (SCC) yawanci ja ne, mai kisa, mai kauri akan fatar da ta fito rana. Wasu suna da tsayayyen nodules da dome mai siffa kamar keratoacanthomas. Ciwon ciki da zubar jini na iya faruwa. Lokacin da ba a kula da SCC ba, yana iya haɓaka zuwa babban taro. Squamous-cell shine na biyu mafi yawan cutar kansar fata. Yana da haɗari, amma ba kusan haɗari kamar melanoma ba.
Sauran
Merkel cell carcinomas galibi suna girma cikin sauri, jajaye marasa laushi, shudi ko launin fata wadanda ba su da zafi ko ƙaiƙayi. Ana iya kuskuren su da cyst ko wani nau'in ciwon daji.
Dalilai
Hasken ultraviolet daga fitowar rana shine farkon yanayin muhalli na cutar kansar fata. Wannan na iya faruwa a cikin sana'o'i kamar noma. Sauran abubuwan haɗari waɗanda ke taka rawa sun haɗa da:
Pathophysiology
Mummunan ciwon ƙwayar cuta wanda da farko ya samo asali ne a cikin epidermis, a cikin mucosa na squamous ko kuma a cikin wuraren da ke cikin squamous metaplasia ana kiransa carcinoma squamous-cell.
Macroscopically, ciwon daji yana tasowa sau da yawa, fungating, ko kuma yana iya zama ulcerated tare da iyakokin da ba daidai ba. Ta hanyar hangen nesa, ƙwayoyin ƙari suna lalata membrane na ginshiƙi kuma su samar da zanen gado ko ɗimbin ɗimbin jama'a waɗanda ke mamaye ƙwayar haɗin gwiwa (dermis). A cikin bambance-bambancen carcinomas, ƙwayoyin tumor suna da nau'i-nau'i, amma suna kama da keratinocytes na al'ada daga prickle Layer (manyan, polygonal, tare da yalwar eosinophilic (ruwan hoda) cytoplasm da tsakiya tsakiya).
Zubar da su ya yi kama da na epidermis na al'ada: ƙwayoyin da ba su da girma / basal a gefe, suna zama mafi girma zuwa tsakiyar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta. Kwayoyin Tumor suna canzawa zuwa keratinized squamous sel kuma suna samar da nodules zagaye tare da concentric, laminated layers, wanda ake kira "nests cell" ko "epithelial / keratinous pearls". An rage stroma da ke kewaye da shi kuma ya ƙunshi infiltrate mai kumburi (lymphocytes). Mara kyau bambance-bambancen squamous carcinomas sun ƙunshi ƙarin ƙwayoyin sel da keratinization.
Halin kwayoyin da ke cikin tsarin cutar shine maye gurbi a cikin kwayar halitta PTCH1 wanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin hanyar siginar shinge na Sonic.
Bincike
Ana gano cutar ta hanyar biopsy da gwajin histopathological.
Hanyoyin gano ciwon daji na fata marasa lalacewa sun hada da daukar hoto, dermatoscopy, sonography, microscopy confocal, Raman spectroscopy, spectroscopy na fluorescence, terahertz spectroscopy, na'urar haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗe, fasaha na hoto mai yawa, thermography, lantarki bio-impedance, tef tsiri da kuma bincike na kwamfuta.
Dermatoscopy na iya zama da amfani wajen gano ciwon daji na basal cell ban da duba fata.
Babu isassun shedar da ke nuna cewa gani coherence tomography (OCT) yana da amfani wajen gano cutar sankarau ko squamous cell carcinoma. OCT na iya samun rawa wajen gano ciwon daji na basal cell amma ana buƙatar ƙarin bayanai don tallafawa wannan.
An kirkiro na'urorin gano cutar ta kwamfuta waɗanda ke tantance hotuna daga dermatoscopy ko spectroscopy kuma mai binciken zai iya amfani da shi don taimakawa wajen gano cutar kansar fata. An gano tsarin CAD suna da matukar damuwa a cikin gano melanoma, amma suna da ƙima mai inganci. Har yanzu babu isassun shaida don bayar da shawarar CAD idan aka kwatanta da hanyoyin bincike na gargajiya.
Maɗaukakin duban dan tayi (HFUS) ba shi da fa'ida mara tabbas a cikin gano cutar kansar fata. Babu isassun shedar gani da idon basira don tantance basal cell ko squamous cell carcinoma ko wani ciwon daji na fata.
Rigakafi
Hasken rana yana da tasiri don haka ana ba da shawarar don hana melanoma da carcinoma squamous-cell. Akwai kadan shaida cewa yana da tasiri a hana basal-cell carcinoma. Sauran shawarwarin don rage yawan ciwon daji na fata sun haɗa da guje wa kunar rana, sanya tufafi masu kariya, tabarau da huluna, da ƙoƙarin guje wa faɗuwar rana ko lokutan fiɗawa. Hukumar Kula da Ayyukan Kariya ta Amurka ta ba da shawarar cewa a shawarci mutane tsakanin shekaru 9 zuwa 25 da su guji hasken ultraviolet.
Ana iya rage haɗarin kamuwa da cutar sankara ta fata ta hanyar matakan da yawa ciki har da rage tanning na cikin gida da faɗuwar rana tsakar rana, ƙara yin amfani da hasken rana, da guje wa amfani da kayan sigari.
Dalilin da ya sa yana da mahimmanci don iyakance hasken rana da kuma guje wa gadaje masu tanning shine saboda dukansu sun haɗa da hasken UV. An san hasken UV yana lalata ƙwayoyin fata ta hanyar canza DNA a cikinsa. Halin DNA wanda ya rikide zai iya haifar da ciwace-ciwacen daji da sauran tsiro a kan fata. Bugu da ari, akwai wasu abubuwan haɗari ban da bayyanar UV kawai. Fata mai kyau, dogon tarihin kunar rana, moles, da tarihin iyali na kansar fata kaɗan ne kawai.
Babu isassun shaida ko dai don ko a kan gwajin cutar kansar fata. Abubuwan da ake amfani da su na bitamin da abubuwan da ake amfani da su na antioxidant ba a gano suna da tasiri a cikin rigakafi ba. Shaida don rage haɗarin melanoma daga matakan abinci mai ƙima ne, tare da wasu shaidun tallafi na annoba, amma babu gwaji na asibiti.