cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Greenville
20th karni Babban titin kusa da 1910 A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya, Greenville ya kasance cibiyar sansanin horar da sojoji. Bayan Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya an faɗaɗa ayyukan kasuwanci tare da sabbin gidajen silima da manyan shagunan kasuwa. An rusa Gidan ansionasa kuma an maye gurbinsa da Poinsett Hotel a 1925. Babban Tsananin Cutar ya cutar da tattalin arzikin Greenville wanda ya tilasta masana'antun barin ma'aikata. Jami’ar Furman da Kwalejin Mata ta Greenville suma sun yi gwagwarmaya cikin durkushewar tattalin arziki wanda hakan ya tilasta musu hadewa a shekarar 1933. Yajin aikin Ma’aikatan yadika a shekarar 1934 ya haifar da irin wannan hayaniya a cikin gari da biranen da ke kusa da masu nika wanda ya zama dole ne Sojojin Kasa su shawo kan hargitsin. Sabuwar Yarjejeniya ta kafa Filin Wasannin Sirrine da sabon Makarantar Highville High School. An kafa sansanin sojin sama na Greenville Army a 1942 a lokacin yakin duniya na II wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban Greenville. Greenville Main Post Office A ranar 16 ga Fabrairu, 1947, wasu gungun galibin direbobin motocin tasi suka dauke shi, wani bakar fata da ake zargi da dabawa wani direban tasi wuka, daga dakin da yake kurkuku kuma suka kashe shi. An fara shari’ar maza farare talatin da daya a kan laifin; yawancin wadanda ake tuhumar sun sanya hannu kan ikirari, da yawa daga cikinsu sun sanya sunan Roosevelt Carlos Hurd a matsayin shugaban masu zanga-zangar da kuma mutumin da ya kashe Earle da bindiga. Ranar 21 ga Mayu, 1947, masu yanke hukunci na wasu fararen fata 12 sun yanke hukuncin rashin laifi ga kowane mai kare su.Bayan Yaƙin Duniya na II tattalin arzikin Greenville ya haɓaka tare da kafa sabbin shaguna a cikin gari da faɗaɗa iyakokin birni. Jami'ar Furman ta ninka yawan dalibanta kuma ta koma sabon wuri. An kafa manyan makarantu kamar su Jami'ar Bob Jones a 1947 da Kwalejin Fasaha ta Greenville a 1962 a Greenville. An kafa Filin Jirgin Sama na Greenville – Spartanburg a Greer na kusa a cikin 1962. Tattalin arzikin Greenville a ƙarshe ya ɓace a cikin 1970s yana barin fanko a cikin garin Greenville saboda jirgin da yawa yan kasuwa suka yi. Magajin gari Max Heller sannan ya sake farfado da cikin garin Greenville tare da Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Greenville County da Hughes Main Library. Daga nan aka sauya Main Street zuwa hanya mai layi biyu wacce aka yi layi da bishiyoyi da titunan titi. Tare da tallafin tarayya na 1978, an gina cibiyar taro da otal, wanda ya kawo kasuwancin yankin.
Labarin kasa Greenville tana a 34 ° 50'40 ″ N 82 ° 23′8 ″ W (34.844313, −82.385428), daidai yake tsakanin Atlanta (mil mil 145 (nisan 233 kudu maso yamma), da Charlotte, North Carolina (mil mil 100) [Kilomita 160] arewa maso gabas). Columbia, babban birnin jihar, tana da nisan mil 100 (kilomita 160) zuwa kudu maso gabas. Cikin gari Greenville daga iska Greenville tana cikin tsaunukan tsaunukan Blue Ridge, wani yanki ne na yanayin tsaunukan tsaunukan Appalachian, kuma ya haɗa da ƙananan tsaunuka da yawa. Mountain tsaunin Sassafras, wuri mafi girma a Kudancin Carolina, yana arewacin Pickens County, ƙasa da mil 40 (kilomita 64) arewa maso yamma na Greenville. Yawancin gidajen telebijin da hasumiyar gidan rediyo suna kan Dutsen Paris, na biyu mafi shahara a wurin, mil 8 (kilomita 13) arewa da garin Greenville. Bisa ga Cidayar Ofishin ensusidaya na Amurka, Greenville tana da jimillar yanki na murabba'in mil 28.8 (74.6 km2), wanda a cikin murabba'in kilomita 28.7 (74.3 km2) ƙasa ce kuma murabba'in mil 0.2 (0.4 km2), ko 0.51%, ruwa ne. 23] Kogin Reedy, wani yanki ne na Kogin Saluda, yana ratsa tsakiyar garin.
Greenville yana cikin Yankin Laifi na Brevard kuma yana da ƙananan ƙananan girgizar ƙasa lokaci-lokaci.
Yanayi Greenville, kamar yawancin yankin Piedmont na kudu maso gabashin Amurka, yana da yanayin yanayin ruwa mai zafi (Köppen Cfa), tare da yanayi guda huɗu; garin na cikin USDA Hardiness zone 7b / 8a. Winters gajere ne kuma gabaɗaya yana da sanyi, tare da matsakaicin matsakaiciyar Janairu a kowace rana na 42.2 ° F (5.7 ° C). A matsakaita, akwai dare 59 a kowace shekara waɗanda ke sauka zuwa ƙasa da daskarewa, kuma kwana 1.3 ne kawai waɗanda suka kasa tashi sama da daskarewa. [25] Afrilu shine watanni mafi bushewa, tare da matsakaita na inci 3.36 (mm 85) na hazo.
Yanayin bazara suna da zafi da zafi, tare da matsakaicin matsakaicin rana a watan Yuli na 79.9 ° F (26.6 ° C). Akwai matsakaita kwanaki 43 a kowace shekara tare da tsawo ko sama da 90 ° F (32 ° C). [25] Rikodin rikodin hukuma ya fara daga 107 ° F (42 ° C) a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2012, zuwa -6 ° F (-21 ° C) a Janairu 30, 1966; Matsakaicin rikodin sanyi a kowace rana shine 19 ° F (-7 ° C) a ranar 31 ga Disamba, 1917, yayin da, akasin haka, mafi ƙarancin rikodin rikodin yau da kullun shine 80 ° F (27 ° C) a ranar 12 ga Yuli, 1937, na ƙarshe na lokuta uku [25] Matsakaicin taga don daskarewa yanayin yanayi shine 4 ga Nuwamba zuwa 1 ga Afrilu, yana ba da damar tsiro na 217.
Kusan yawan ruwan sama ba kasafai yake faruwa ba a lokacin kaka fiye da lokacin bazara kuma, a matsakaici, Greenville yana karɓar inci 47.2 (1,200 mm) na hazo a kowace shekara, wanda ake rarraba shi daidai a ko'ina cikin shekara, kodayake lokacin rani yana da ɗan kaɗan; yanayin ruwan sama na shekara shekara ya kasance daga 31.08 a cikin (789 mm) a 2007 zuwa 72.53 a (1,842 mm) a cikin 1908. [25] Bugu da kari, akwai matsakaicin inci 4.7 (11.9 cm) na dusar ƙanƙara, wanda ke faruwa galibi daga Janairu zuwa Maris, tare da ƙanƙarar ƙanƙara da ke faruwa a Nuwamba ko Afrilu. Frequentarin ruwan guguwa da kankara mai hade da ruwan sama suna faruwa a yankin Greenville; saukar dusar kankara ta wani yanayi a tarihi ya kasance daga adadin da aka gano kamar kwanan nan kamar yadda 2011-12 zuwa 21.4 a cikin (54 cm) a cikin 1935-36. Waɗannan guguwar na iya yin babban tasiri a yankin, saboda galibi suna jan ƙafafun bishiya a kan layukan wutar kuma suna sa tuki cikin haɗari.
Doka da gwamnati Hallin garin Greenville Garin Greenville ya karɓi tsarin Majalissar-Manajan gwamnatin birni a shekarar 1976. Majalisar ta Greenville City ta ƙunshi magajin gari da mambobin majalisar shida. Magajin gari da membobin majalissar biyu an zaba su baki daya yayin da aka zabi sauran mambobin majalisar daga gundumomi masu mambobi daya. Kotun Karamar Hukumar ta Greenville tana kula da take hakki na laifi, keta haddi, da kuma keta dokar gari. Ya zuwa shekarar 2021, magajin garin shine Knox H. White, wanda yake wannan matsayin tun watan Disambar 1995. An kafa Ma'aikatar 'Yan Sanda ta Greenville a 1845 a matsayin thean sanda na Greenville. A shekara ta 1876 Policean Sanda na Greenville sun zama Ma'aikatar 'Yan Sanda ta Greenville. A cikin 1976 Ofishin 'yan sanda na Greenville ya koma cikin Cibiyar Kula da Dokoki ta Greenville County tare da Ma'aikatar Sheriff ta Greenville County. Ofishin ‘yan sanda na Greenville yana yiwa Greenville hidima tare da ma’aikata kusan 241 tare da jami’ai da aka rantsar da su 199.Gundumomi 22-25 na Majalisar Wakilai ta Kudu ta Kudu suna ɗaukar sassan Greenville, kamar yadda gundumomin majalisar dattijai na jihar ke yi 6-8. Garin yana cikin gundumar majalisa ta 4 ta Kudu ta Carolina, wanda William Timmons ya wakilta tun daga 2019.
Jan hankali A matsayin gari mafi girma a cikin Upstate, Greenville yana ba da ayyuka da yawa da jan hankali. Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Greenville da wuraren taron a kai a kai suna karɓar manyan kide kide da rangadi da kamfanonin wasan kwaikwayo. Gidaje huɗu masu zaman kansu suna gabatar da wasannin kwaikwayo da yawa a shekara.
Wuraren taro Bon Secours Wellness Arena Bon Secours Wellness Arena, gidan Greenville Swamp Zomaye na ECHL, filin wasa ne mai kujeru 16,000 a cikin garin Greenville wanda aka buɗe a 1998 a matsayin Bi-Lo Center. [32] Peace Center, cibiyar wasan kwaikwayon wasan kwaikwayo wanda ya haɗa da zauren kade kade tare da kujeru 2,100 da wurin zama na wasan kwaikwayo 400. [33] Timmons Arena, wurin zama mai yawan kujeru 5,000 a harabar Jami'ar Furman. Filin Fluor a Yammacin ,arshe, gidan ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙafa ta Greenville Drive, Classungiyar Class-A reshen Boston Red Sox. Filin wasan an tsara shi don ya maimaita abubuwa da yawa na Fenway Park, gidan gidan kula da iyaye, gami da wakilcin Fenway's Green Monster wanda ke tsaye ƙafa 30 (tsayin mita 9.1) a filin hagu. [35] Cibiyar Taron TD, babban taro mai fadin murabba'in kafa 280,000 (26,000 m2) da kuma wurin taro wanda aka kafa a shekarar 1964 a matsayin sabon jerin jerin Majami'un Yadi, asalinsu sun fara ne a shekarar 1915 a matsayin Kudancin Yankunan Kudancin. [36] Gidan Kofi na Karkashin Kasa (wanda aka kafa a 1995 gidan wasan kwaikwayo ne mai kujeru 75 wanda ke dauke da nishadi kai tsaye gami da Alchemy Improv Comedy,  Wits End Poetry  Abubuwan da suka faru a daren Lahadi (tun daga 2002), live music, tsayuwa mai tsayi,  da kuma abubuwan da suka faru a littafin.
AlamuGr eenville Zoo Gidan Tarihi na Tarihi Falls Park a kan Reedi Mills Mill ya canza zuwa manyan gidajen haya Falls Park a kan Reedy, wani babban yankin shakatawa a West End tare da lambuna da ruwa da yawa, tare da samun damar zuwa Swamp Rabbit Trail. An keɓe shi a 2004, wurin shakatawa na dala miliyan 15.0 gida ne ga Liberty Bridge, gadar dakatar da masu tafiya a ƙafa suna kallon Kogin Reedy. Ci gaban dajin ya haifar da ci gaban $ 75 miliyan na jama'a-masu zaman kansu, Riverplace, kai tsaye ta hanyar Main Street. An kira Falls Park wurin haifuwar Greenville, amma a tsakiyar karni na 20 yankin ya kasance cikin mummunan rauni, kuma an gina Gadar Camperdown a duk faɗin Falls, yana hana gani. A tsakiyar 1980s, Birnin ya amince da wani babban shiri na wurin shakatawar, wanda ya kai ga cire Gadar Camperdown da kuma samar da hanyar yin gyare-gyare da yawa, don haɗa da kadada 20 (81,000 m2) na lambuna da kuma Liberty Bridge. Duk da yake an gina gadoji tare da tsarin tsari iri ɗaya a Turai, Liberty Bridge babu irinta a cikin yanayin yanayin sa. Gidan kayan gargajiya na Greenville County na Kwarewa akan fasahar Amurka, akai-akai tare da hangen nesa na Kudancin da ya samo asali tun ƙarni na 18. Andrew Wyeth da Jasper Johns ne suka lura dashi saboda tarin kayan aikinsa, da kuma tarin zamani wanda yake dauke da manyan mutane kamar Andy Warhol, Georgia O'Keeffe, da sauransu. Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Roper Mountain tana gida ne mai dauke da madubin hangen nesa na 23, wanda shi ne na takwas mafi girma a cikin Amurka. An kafa gidan shakatawa na Greenville a shekara ta 1960 kuma yana cikin Cleveland Park.
Ibrahim Yacouba
Ibrahim Yacouba, wanda aka fi sani da Ibrahim Yacoubou (an haife shi a ranar 8 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1971), ɗan siyasan Nijar ne wanda ya yi aiki a gwamnatin Nijar a matsayin Ministan Harkokin Wajen daga shekara ta 2016 zuwa shekara ta 2018. Yana jagorantar kungiyar kishin kasa ta Nijar.
Greenville
Ilimi Greenville County Hughes Babban Laburaren Makarantun gwamnati Gundumar Makarantar County ta Greenville ita ce gundumar makaranta mafi girma a cikin jihar ta South Carolina kuma ita ce ta tara a gundumar ta 49 mafi girma a Amurka, tare da manyan makarantu 14, da makarantun tsakiya 18, da kuma makarantun firamare 50 a cikin gundumar. Tare da kasafin kuɗin 2012 na dala miliyan 426, gundumar tana amfani da malamai 5,200, 63.1% daga cikinsu suna riƙe da digiri na biyu ko mafi girma. Baya ga makarantun gargajiya na gargajiya, yankin cikin gari na Greenville gida ne ga Makarantar Kwalejin Gwamnan Kudancin Carolina don Arts & Humanities, makarantar kwana don matasa masu fasaha.
Koleji da jami’o James B. Duke Library a Jami'ar Furman Greenville tana da kwalejoji da jami'o'i da yawa, gami da Jami'ar Furman, Jami'ar North Greenville, Jami'ar Bob Jones, da Kwalejin Fasaha ta Greenville. Furman ya fara ne a matsayin Furman Academy da Institution of Theology a 1825 mai suna Richard Furman. Makarantar tauhidin ta Furman ta rabu a 1858 kuma ta zama Kudancin Baptist tauhidin Seminary yanzu a Louisville, Kentucky. An kafa Jami'ar North Greenville a 1893 kuma tana da alaƙa da Yarjejeniyar Baptist ta South Carolina. An kafa Jami'ar Bob Jones a shekara ta 1927 ta Bob Jones Sr a matsayin jami'ar Furotesta mai zaman kanta wacce ba darikar ba. An kafa Kwalejin Fasaha ta Greenville a 1962 a matsayin kwalejin fasaha. Jami'ar Clemson tana da haraba a Greenville da ake kira Clemson University International Center for Automotive Research wanda ke mai da hankali kan binciken mota. Makarantar Medicine ta Jami'ar South Carolina Greenville wata makarantar likitanci ce ta shekaru hudu tana aiki a harabar Prisma Health campus. [78
Ibrahim Yacouba
Rayuwa da aiki
Yacouba, memba ne na Jam’iyyar Nijar mai mulkin dimokiradiyya da gurguzu (PNDS), an nada shi ga gwamnati a matsayin Ministan Sufuri a watan Afrilun shekara ta 2012 sannan ya koma mukamin Mataimakin Darakta a Majalisar Ministocin Shugaba Mahamadou Issoufou a watan Satumba na shekara ta 2013. Koyaya, ya shiga cikin rikici tare da wasu manyan membobin PNDS kuma saboda haka aka kore shi daga jam'iyyar a ranar 23 ga Agustan shekara ta 2015. Ya yi murabus a matsayin Mataimakin Darakta a majalisar zartarwa jim kaɗan bayan haka.
Yacouba ya kaddamar da wata sabuwar jam’iyya, Jam’iyyar Nijar National Patriotic Movement (MPN), a ranar 8 Nuwamban shekara ta 2015. Ya tsaya a matsayin dan takarar MPN a zaben shugaban kasa na watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2016. Bayan zagayen farko na zaben, ya bayyana goyon bayansa ga Shugaba Issoufou a zagaye na biyu na zaben, wanda aka gudanar a watan Maris din shekara ta 2016. An sake zaben Issoufou, kuma ya sakawa Yacouba da sauran kananan ‘yan takarar da suka mara masa baya da mukaman gwamnati; Yacouba an nada shi a matsayin Ministan Harkokin Waje a ranar 11 ga Afrilun shekara ta 2016.
Oluseun Onigbinde
Oluseun Onigbinde (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga watan Satumba,a shekarar ta 1985) ɗan kasuwar Nijeriya ne kuma masanin harkokin buɗe bayanai wanda aka fi sani da co-kafa da Shugaba na budgIT,  wani farar hula a Najeriya. Oluseun Onigbinde mai bayar da fatawa ne game da kasafin kudi kuma mai cikakken imani da ikon Buɗe Bayanai. A shekarar 2012, an bashi lambar yabo ta Future Awards na kimiya da kere-kere.
Oluseun a ranar 13 ga watan Satumbar shekarar 2019 ya samu mukamin mai ba da shawara kan fasaha a Ma'aikatar Kasafin Kudi da Tsare-Tsaren ta ƙasa. Wasu ‘yan Najeriya ba su yi farin ciki da nadin nasa ba saboda sukar da ya yi a baya ga gwamnatin da ta nada shi.
A ranar Litinin, 16 ga watan Satumba, Oluseun ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa na mai ba da shawara kan harkokin fasaha na karamin Ministan Kasafin Kudi da Tsare-Tsare na kasa a shafinsa na matsakaici.
Rayuwar farko
Oluseun is a native of Masifa, Ogbomoso, Oyo State. He was born in Osogbo, presently Osun State, Nigeria.
Tsarin ilimi
Ya yi karatun firamare da sakandare a Ibadan. Mashahurin kwalejin Loyola, Ibadan inda ya yi fice a fannin kimiyya. Ya ci maki tara a jarabawar sa ta West African Examinations Council, yana samun kyakkyawan sakamako sakamakon tsarin makarantar na shekarata 2001.
Oluseun ya halarci Jami'ar Aikin Gona, Abeokuta inda ya sami digiri na farko na aikin injiniya (B.Eng.) A Kimiyyar Lantarki / Lantarki da makarantar kasuwanci ta jami'ar Stanford inda ya kammala shirin zartarwa a harkokin kasuwanci.
Ayyuka
A lokacin da yake bautar kasa, an tura shi garin Benin inda ya samu aiki a bankin Access. Daga baya ya shiga Bankin First na tsawon shekaru uku da rabi. A lokacin da yake aiki a First Bank ne ya samu ra'ayin BudgIT. A cewarsa, sha'awar sa ta harkar banki ya kasance daga dabarun dabarun, sarari inda zai iya bayar da gudummawar ra'ayin sa.
Oluseun Onigbinde mai karɓar kyaututtuka ne da yawa kuma a halin yanzu shi masanin Gidauniyar Obama ne a Jami'ar Columbia. Ya kasance memba na kwamitin ONE Advisory Policy Africa.
An nada shi mai ba da shawara kan fasaha a Ma'aikatar Kasafin Kudi da Tsare-Tsare ta Kasa amma ya yi murabus kwanaki kadan bayan wannan nadin.
Budget
A shekarar 2011, Oluseun Onigbinde da Joseph Agunbiade sun kafa wata tawaga yayin wani hackathon da aka gudanar a Co-Creation Hub. A nan ne ya kawo ra'ayin don bukatar tallata kudaden da gwamnati ke kashewa ga jama'a, wanda ya kai ga fara BudgIT. A shekara ta 2014, Omidyar Network ya saka dala 400,000 a BudgIT; wannan koyaushe an jera akan gidan yanar gizon su. A watan Yunin shekarar 2015, gwamnatin jihar Kaduna a karkashin gwamnatin Malam El-Rufai, ta sanya hannu kan BudgIT don gina hanyar bude Budget ta tafi da gidanka irin ta Buharimeter ; wani dandali wanda BudgIT ta gina don Cibiyar Dimokiradiyya da Ci Gaban kasa domin yiwa Shugaba Buhari hisabi kan alkawuran yakin neman zaben sa. A watan Janairun shekarar 2017, BudgIT ta tara ƙarin dala miliyan 3 daga Omidyar Network da Gates Foundation. A watan Fabrairun 2016, an girmama Oluseun Onigbinde don gabatar da gabatarwa a gidan Chatham a karkashin aikin Afirka kan batun tabbatar da adalci da shugabanci.
Fasahar Zamani
Kungiyar sa ta kuma kafa Civic Hive, cibiyar kirkire kirkire a Najeriya, wanda ke samar da tsarin fara fasahar zamani kawai.
Rayuwar mutum
Seun yana zaune a Legas tare da matarsa, Oluwaseun, da 'ya'yansa mata - Wuraola da Ireoluwa
Anita Pollack
Anita J. Pollack (an haife ta ne a ranar 3 ga watan Yunin shekarar 1946) ta kasance MEP ɗin Labour don London South West daga shekarar 1989 zuwa 1999.
An haife ta a Ostiraliya, Pollack ta zo ta zauna a Landan a watan Nuwamban shekarar 1969 kuma ta zama yar asalin Burtaniya a shekarar 2005. Ta yi karatu a birnin London Polytechnic a Jami'ar London, ta zama editan littafi kuma mataimakiyar MEP. Ta kasance mai taka rawa a jam'iyyar Labour, ta tsaya ƙasa da ƙasa a London Kudu maso Yamma a zaɓen shekarar 1984 na Majalisar Tarayyar Turai da kuma a Woking a babban zaɓen Burtaniya na shekarar 1987, kafin ta lashe London Kudu maso Yamma a zaɓen Majalisar Turai na shekarar 1989.
Kamar yadda John O'Farrell ya danganta a cikin Abubuwa na Iya Samun Kyau, cin zarafi na bincike-da-maye gurbinsu a The Guardian ya haifar da rahoton nasarar da ta samu kamar na Anita Turnoutack.
A matsayinta na mazauniyar Biritaniya kuma ƴar ƙasar Commonwealth, ta cancanci yin zaɓe da tsayawa takara a Burtaniya (kafin ba ta zama ɗan ƙasa a shekarar 2005). A matsayinta na ‘yar ƙasar Ostireliya ta bukaci biza daga Faransa domin ta hau kujerarta a Majalisar Tarayyar Turai da ke Strasbourg. A shekarar 1999 ta tsaya a cikin jerin Ma'aikata a Kudu maso Gabashin Ingila (Mazabar Majalisar Turai), amma ba a zabe ta ba.
Kungiyar Kwallon Raga ta Mata ta Tunisiya
Tawagar Kungiyar kwallon raga ta mata ta Tunisia, ( منتخب تونس لكرة الطائرة للسيدات  ), wanda ake yi wa lakabi da Les Aigles de Carthage (The Eagles of Carthage ko The Carthage Eagles), tana wakiltar kasarTunisiya a gasar kwallon ragar mata ta duniya da wasannin sada zumunci. Tawagar tana daya daga cikin kasashen da ke kan gaba a wasan kwallon ragar mata a nahiyar Afirka.
Sakamako
Champions  Runners up   Third place   Fourth place
Gasar Badminton ta Maza da Mata ta Afirka duka
Gasar Badminton ta maza da mata ta Afirka duka gasar matakin nahiyar Afirka ce ta Thomas da Uber Cup, wanda kungiyar Badminton Confederation of Africa (BCA) ta shirya domin lashe gasar kwallon badminton ta kasa maza da mata mafi kyau a Afirka. Wanda ya lashe wannan gasa zai wakilci BCA a gasar Thomas da Uber Cup.
Ƙabilar Anakaza
Anakaza ƙabilar Chadi ce ta mutanen Toubou Daza. Ofayan manya-manyan rukuni-rukuni na Daza, mutane ne makiyaya wadanda a al'adance suke aiki da su wajen kiwon raƙumi.  Mafi yawansu suna cikin yankin Sahara na Borkou a arewacin Chadi, ana iya samun su a cikin yanki mai faɗi daga Faya-Largeau zuwa Kirdimi da kuma yin ƙaura wani yanki wanda ya tashi daga Oum Chalouba zuwa Djourab da Mortcha. Sunan su a zahiri na nufin, a cewar Marie Lebeuf, "gauraye mutane".
Anakaza ya samo asali ne daga Bouttou kuma ya faɗi cewa ya isa Borkou ƙarni goma sha biyu da suka gabata daga Oum Chalouba. An rarrabu tsakanin dangi 19, sannan kuma aka raba shi a kusan ɓangarori talatin, Anakaza sun kasance cikin tsananin tashin hankali na jini da rikice rikice na ciki. An yi la'akari da kusan ba za a iya yin mulki ba, sun yi yaƙi a ƙarni na 19 da Larabawan Sliman Larabawa da Senoussiya, kuma sun kasance ba su da yawa a wajen mulkin mallaka na Faransa a ƙarni na 20.
A zamanin yau an haifi Hissène Habré, shugaban Chadi tsakanin shekarar 1982 da 1990, wanda a lokacin da yake kan mulki ya ba da maƙasudin maƙwabcinsa Daza, wanda ya fi so a cikin matattararsa. Har ila yau, Anakaza ya kafa mafi yawan rundunarsa ta élite, masu tsaron Shugaban kasa.
Wani sanannen Anakaza shi ne shugaban 'yan tawaye na yanzu Mahamat Nouri. Saboda tawayen da ya yi a shekara ta 2006 ga Shugaban Chadi Idriss Déby, sai gwamnatin ta fara amfani da tsohuwar kishiyar da ke tsakanin Anakaza da wani karamin Daza, Kamaya, karamin Kamaya na Daza Toubou (Goran) suka kasu zuwa manyan manyan biyar subgroups, kuma akwai dangi a cikin ƙananan ƙungiyoyi. Ana iya samun su da babban yanki na yankin Borkou mafi dacewa, Kirdimi (Kirdi), Gorma, Yin, Degiure da Faya-Largeau birni. Waɗannan ƙauyuka huɗu daga Faya-bigau 80 km da kimanin kwana biyu suna tafiya ta raƙuma. Akwai sauran kabilu biyu na Daza subgroups na Toubou (Goran) suna raba ƙasashen waɗannan ƙauyuka huɗu na Kidrimi, Yin, Gorma, Degiure. Donungiyar Donza ta Daza Toubou (Goran) amma ƙungiyar Kokorda ta Daza Toubou (Goran) wacce ke raba ƙauyen Kirdimi kawai. .
Mike Adenuga
Cif Michael Adeniyi Agbolade Ishola Adenuga Jr CSG GCON (an haifeshi ranar 29 ga watan Afrilu, 1953) hamshakin attajirin ɗan kasuwa ne a Najeriya, kuma mutum na uku mafi arziki a Afirka. Kamfaninsa na Glo (kamfani) shine babban kamfanin sadarwa na biyu mafi girma a Najeriya, wanda ke da aiki a kasashen Ghana da Benin. Ya kuma mallaki hannayen jari a bankin Equitorial Trust Bank da kuma kamfanin hakar mai na Conoil (tsohon kamfanin hada hadar mai). Forbes ya kiyasta darajarsa ta dala biliyan 6.2 zuwa Mayun shekarar 2021.
Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Mahaifinsa, da Oloye Michael Agbolade Adenuga Sr, malamin makaranta ne, yayin da mahaifiyarsa, Omoba Juliana Oyindamola Adenuga (nee Onashile, na Okesopin, Ijebu Igbo ), ya mai yar kasuwa na sarauta Ijebu lõkacin saukarsa.
Ayyuka
Adenuga ya samu miliyan karon farko a shekarar 1979, yana da shekaru 26 a lokacin, yana siyar da yadin (lace) da kuma rarraba kayan lemu (soft drinks). A shekarar 1990, ya sami lasisin hako (fetur) kuma a shekarar 1991, Kamfaninsa na Consolidated Oil ya haƙo mai a cikin zurfin ruwan da ke yankin Kudu maso Yammacin Jihar Ondo, kamfani na farko ɗan asalin kasar da ya yi hakan a kasuwanci.
An ba shi lasisin GSM a sharaɗance a cikin 1999; bayan an soke bashi iznin a baya. Yazo na biyu lokacin da gwamnati ta sake yin wani gwanjo a shekarar 2003. Kamfanin sadarwa na Globacom ya bazu cikin sauri kuma ya fara ƙalubalantar katafaren kamfanin MTN. Ta ƙaddamar da aiyuka a Benin a cikin 2008, kuma ta ci gaba da bazu a ƙasashen Ghana da Cote d'Ivoire, tare da ƙarin lasisi a halin yanzu ana sa ran wasu ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma.
An anbatashi shi a matsayin gwarzon ɗan kasuwar Afirka na Shekara a bikin farko na Kyautar Telecoms na Afirka (ATA) a watan Agusta shekarar 2007
A watan Mayu na shekarar 2015, Adenuga ya sayi kwangilar sayan kamfanin sadarwa na Ivory Coast Comium Cote d'Ivoire kan dala miliyan 600.
Daraja
A shekarar 2012, gwamnatin Najeriya ta karramashi da Grand Commander of the Order of the Niger .
Ya riƙe muƙamin tribal chief na Otunba Apesin ga mutanen ƙabilar Mutanen Ijebu.
A cikin shekarar 2018, Shugaba Emmanuel Macron na Faransa ya yi masa ado da tambarin Kwamandan Sojoji.
Adenuga ya kasance dayya daga cikin Manyan mutane 100 da suka fi tasiri a Afirka, a bayyana haka a mujallar New African a shekarar 2019.
Kungiyar Kwallon Hannu ta Maza ta Ghana
Kungiyar kwallon hannu ta maza ta Ghana, ita ce kuma tawagar kwallon hannu ta Ghana.
Obiageli Olorunsola
Obiageli Olorunsola (an haife ta a ranar 11 ga watan Mayun shekarar 1962) 'yar wasan Badminton ce ta Najeriya. Ta yi gasa a cikin ƙwararrun mata kuma ta haɗu da ninki biyu a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta shekarar 1996 a Atlanta.
Hanyoyin haɗi na waje
Obiageli Olorunsola at BWF.tournamentsoftware.com
Obiageli Olorunsola at BWFbadminton.com
Obiageli Olorunsola at Olympics.com
Obiageli Olorunsola at Olympedia
Obiageli Olorunsola at the Commonwealth Games
Federation
Kungiyar Kwallon Kwando ta Maza ta Najeriya ta Kasa da Shekaru 19
Kungiyar kwallon kwando ta maza ta Najeriya ta kasa da shekaru 19, ita ce kungiya ta kasa ta Najeriya wacce hukumar kula da wasankwallon kwando ta Najeriya ke tafiyar da ita. Tana wakiltar ƙasar a gasar ƙwallon kwando ta ƙasa da ƙasa da 18 da 19 (ƙasa da shekaru 19 da ƙasa da shekaru 18).
Kungiyar wasannin motsa jiki ta Najeriya
Kungiyar wasannin motsa jiki ta Najeriya ita ce gaba daya hukumar kula da wasannin motsa jiki a Najeriya. An kafa ta a cikin shekarar 1975, ƙungiyar tana da alaƙa da Ƙungiyar Gymnastics ta Duniya tare da manufar "dukkan ci gaban gymnastics a Najeriya da kuma bayan."
Grace Gabriel
Grace Gabriel Ofodile (an haife ta a ranar 25 ga Yunin 1988) 'yar wasan Badminton ce ta Najeriya. Ta lashe kambu na mata a gasar Afirka na shekarar 2012 da 2013. Gabriel ta kuma lashe lambar azurfa ta mata guda daya a wasannin Afirka na 2011 da 2015.
Sana'a/Aiki
Ta lashe lambar azurfa a gasar mata ta shekarar 2011 a gasar Afirka ta 2011. Ta zama ta biyu a gasar tseren mata a gasar Badminton ta Afirka ta 2014. Ta lashe matsayi na biyu a gasar Badminton na Afirka a shekarar 2015.
A watan Satumba na shekarar 2013, an ba da rahoton cewa tana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasa 14 da aka zaɓa don shirin Road to Rio, shirin da ke da nufin taimakawa 'yan wasan badminton na Afirka su shiga gasar Olympics ta 2016.
Ta yi karatu a Fontys University of Applied Sciences kuma tana zaune a Netherlands.
Kungiyar Kwallon Kafar Ivory Coast ta Kasa da Shekaru 23
Kungiyar kwallon kafar Ivory Coast ta kasa da shekaru 23, kungiyar tana wakiltar kasar Ivory Coast a wasannin kwallon kafa na kasa da kasa na 'yan kasa da shekaru 23.
Grace Gabriel
Gasar Afirka
Women's doubles Women's doubles Mixed single
Kungiyar Kwallon Kafar Ivory Coast ta Kasa da Shekaru 23
Wanda ake yi wa lakabi da Les Petit Éléphants ( The Small Elephants a turance ), tawagar ‘yan kasa da shekaru 23 ta fara fitowa a matakin duniya a shekara ta 2003 a gasar cin kofin matasa ta duniya ta shekarar 2003, sun kai zagaye na 16 kafin Amurka ta kore su.
Grace Gabriel
Kalubale/Series na BWF (titles 8, runner's up 11)
Women's single Women's doubles
Kungiyar Kwallon Kafar Ivory Coast ta Kasa da Shekaru 23
Gasar Toulon ta 2010
Gasar Toulon (a hukumance Tournoi Espoirs de Toulon ko "Toulon Hopefuls' Tournament") gasar kwallon kafa ce wacce a al'adance ke nuna kungiyoyin kasa da kasa da aka gayyata da suka kunshi 'yan wasa kasa da 21.
Wannan shi ne karo na 2 da Ivory Coast ta buga kuma har yanzu sun taka rawar gani. Sakamakon yana ƙasa.
Rukunin Stage Group A
Kowane lokaci na gida ( CEST )
Gasar Wasan Taekwondo ta Afirka
Taekwondo wani taron wasannin Afirka ne an fara bugun gasar na farko a shekara ta 1987 kuma ta ci gaba da fitowa a gasar a kowane bugu na gaba.
Susan Ideh
Susan Funaya Ideh (an haife ta a ranar 5 ga watan Mayun shekara ta alif ɗari ta da tamanin da bakwai1987A.c) yar wasan Badminton ce kuma yar Najeriya ce. Ta shiga gasar Commonwealth ta shekarar 2010 a New Delhi, Indiya. A shekarar 2015, ta lashe zinare na mata a gasar All-Africa Games a Maputo, Mozambique.
Wasannin Afirka duka
Women's single Women's doubles Mixed single
Kalubale/Series na BWF na Duniya
Women's single Women's doubles Mixed doubles
Kungiyar Kwallon Kwando ta Maza ta Ghana ta Kasa da Shekaru 18
Kungiyar kwallon kwando ta maza ta Ghana 'yan kasa da shekaru 18 kungiyar kwallon kwando ce ta Ghana, wacce kungiyar kwallon kwando ta Ghana (GBBA) ke gudanarwa. Tana wakiltar ƙasar a gasar ƙwallon kwando ta ƙasa da ƙasa (ƙasa da shekaru 18).
Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Zimbabwe
Wasansu na farko na gasar kasa da kasa an buga shi ne a gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta shekarar 2000, lokacin da suka tashi kunnen doki da Uganda da ci 2–2 a ranar 11 ga Nuwamba na shekarar 2000. A zahiri sun kasance a cikin canja wurin bugun a shekarar 1991, amma sun janye daga gasar kafin buga wasa.
Mafi kyawun sakamakon da suka samu a gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka shi ne na hudu a shekara ta 2000. Ba su taba samun gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ba.
Kungiyar Kwallon Kwando ta Maza ta Nijar
Kungiyar kwallon kwando ta maza ta Nijar, ita ce kungiyar Nijar da take wakiltar Nijar a wasannin kasa da kasa. Kungiyar Tarayyar Nigérienne de Basket-Ball (FENIBASKET) ce ke gudanar da ita.
Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Zimbabwe
Sun samu gurbin shiga gasar kwallon kafa ta Olympics ta shekarar 2016, kuma sun kare a karshe a rukuninsu (wanda ya kunshi Canada, Jamus, da Australia ) bayan da suka sha kashi a hannun Jamus da ci 6–1, 3–1 a Canada da kuma 6 – 1 a Australia.
Kungiyar Kwallon Kwando ta Maza ta Nijar
Nijar ta yi fice a gasar kwallon Kwando ta Afirka a shekarar 1968, lokacin da Nijar ta kare a matsayi na 8 bayan da ta doke Cote d'Ivoire da ci 73–62.
Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Zimbabwe
Farkon
A shekarar 1991 Zimbabwe za ta buga gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka, amma ta fice kafin wasansu na farko da Zambia. A cikin watan Yuni na shekarar 1997 tawagar ta buga wasan Afrika ta Kudu a filin wasa na FNB a wani labule ga kalubalen Nelson Mandela na maza. A shekara ta 2003 tauraron dan wasan Yesmore Mutero ya fito fili ya zargi kocin kasar Shacky Tauro da cutar da ita da cutar kanjamau yayin jima'i na waje. Tauro ya musanta zargin amma ba zato ba tsammani ya bar aikinsa. Mutero ya mutu a shekara ta 2004, sai Tauro a shekarar 2009. Binciken da ya biyo baya kan zargin cin zarafin mata da ake yi wa 'yan wasan kwallon kafa na kasar Zimbabwe, ZIFA ta caccaki shi.
Kungiyar Kwallon Kwando ta Maza ta Nijar
Wasannin Olympics na bazara
Tukuna ba ta samu cancanta shiga ba.
Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Zimbabwe
Farkon
A gasar cin kofin mata ta COSAFA ta zo na biyu a shekara ta 2002 sannan ta hudu a 2006. A shekarar 2011 sun kasance zakara.
Baya ga yin lalata da cin zarafi, ZIFA ta samar da isassun wuraren horo masu haɗari, da gaza shirya wasannin shirye-shirye, hana biyan kuɗi na kwangila da alawus, ƙi biyan kuɗin balaguro zuwa waje da kuma ƙi biyan kuɗin jinyar ƴan wasan da suka ji rauni. A matsayin tukuicin samun cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin nahiyar Afirka ta mata ta shekarar 2016, an bai wa kowane dan wasa dala 50 don sayen riga. 'Yan wasan sun taka rawar gani a gasar Olympics ta shekarar 2016 duk da cewa ana bin su bashin dala 3,500 kowanne daga kungiyar. Bayan dawowarsu daga Brazil, babu wani jami'in ZIFA da ya gaishe da 'yan wasan da aka baiwa ko dai $5 ko $15 don tafiya gida. Wani edita a jaridar The Standard ya ce: "Rikicin da ya faru a ranar Juma'a a filin tashi da saukar jiragen sama ya fallasa shugaban na Zifa kan abin da ya ke yi - da babbar murya da ke kai wasan kwallon kafa na Zimbabwe ga magudanar ruwa."
Kungiyar Kwallon Kwando ta Maza ta Nijar
Wasannin Afirka
Tukunna ba ta samu cancantar zuwa ba.
Moyen-Chari (yanki)
Moyen-Chari na ɗaya daga cikin yankuna 23 na Chadi, wanda ke kudu da ƙasar. Babban birninta shine Sarh. Tsohon lardin mai wannan sunan ya fi girma kuma ya haɗa da Yankin Mandoul na zamanin yau.
Kungiyar Kwallon Kwando ta Maza ta Nijar
Fitattun 'yan wasa
Fitattun 'yan wasan Nijar na yanzu:
Moyen-Chari (yanki)
Labarin kasa
Yankin ya yi iyaka da yankin Guéra a arewa, yankin Salamat daga gabas, Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya zuwa kudu, da Yankin Mandoul, Yankin Tandjilé da Chari-Baguirmi zuwa yamma. Yankin galibi shimfidar savannah ce, tare da kiyaye wasu yankuna a matsayin ɓangare na Manda National Park. Tafkin Iro, wanda ake zargi da ramuwar tasiri, yana cikin arewa maso gabas.
Mazauna
Babban birnin Moyen-Chari shine Sarh, birni na uku mafi girma a cikin Chadi; sauran manyan matsugunan sun haɗa da Alako, Balimba, Baltoubaye, Bohobé, Boum Kebbir, Danamadji, Dindjebo, Djéké Djéké, Korbol, Koumogo, Kounou, Kyabé, Maro, Moussa Foyo, Ngondeye, Roro da Singako
Yanayin wurin zama
Kamar yadda yake a kidayar Chadi a shekara ta shekarar 2009, yawan yankin ya kasance mazauna 588,008. Manyan ƙungiyoyin yare sun haɗa da ƙungiyoyin larabawa kamar su Baggara, gaba daya suna magana da larabawan Chadi, Bagirmi, Boor, Bua, Ƙungiyoyin Gula kamar Gula Iro da Zan Gula, Kaba kungiyoyin (magana da yare kamar Kaba Deme, Kaba Náà da Kulfa ), Laal, Lutos, Ndam, Niellim, Sara, Tumak da Tunia.
Tattalin arziki
Tattalin arzikinta ya dogara ne akan noman rashi, kiwo, auduga da noman rake.
Rarrabuwa
An raba yankin na Moyen-Chari ne zuwa kashi uku sassa :
Wasan Tennis na Tebur na Afirka
Tun shekarar 1973 wasan kwallon tebur ya kasance wani bangare ne na wasannin  Afirka a birnin Lagos na Najeriya.
Ƙungiyar ‘yan wasan hockey ta Mata ta Najeriya
Tawagar ‘yan wasan hockey ta mata ta Najeriya tana wakiltar Najeriya a gasar kwallon hockey ta kasa da kasa ta mata.
Ƙungiyar wasan badminton ta Najeriya
Ƙungiyar wasan badminton ta Najeriya ce ke wakiltar Najeriya a gasar kungiyoyin Badminton na kasa da kasa. Kungiyar Badminton Federation of Nigeria (BFN) ce ke tafiyar da ita.
Wasannin Badminton na Afirka
Najeriya ta fara shiga gasar wasannin Afirka tun bayan bugu na farko da aka yi a Abuja a shekarar 2003. Najeriya ta lashe gasar rukunin kungiyoyin a shekarar 2007, 2011,  da 2019.
Shiga gasar Badminton na Afirka
Men's team
Women's team
Mixed team
Uchechukwu Deborah Ukeh
Wasannin Afirka
Women's doubles
Gasar Afirka
Women's doubles
Wasannin Matasan Afirka
Girl's doubles Mixed single
Kalubale/Series na BWF na Duniya (titles 2, runner's up 5)
Women's doubles Mixed doubles
Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Morocco
Kungiyar kwallon ƙafa ta mata ta ƙasar Maroko, ita ce kungiyar da take wakiltar kasar Maroko a wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na mata na ƙasa da ƙasa kuma hukumar kula da wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Royal Moroccan ce ke kula da ita. Tawagar ta buga wasanta na farko na kasa da kasa a shekarar 1998, a matsayin wani bangare na gasar cin kofin kwallon kafa na mata na Afirka na uku.
Tarihi
Bayan da aka yi tattaki bayan ficewar Kenya daga gasar a shekarar 1998, kungiyar ta kai wasan karshe a Najeriya, inda ta yi rashin nasara da ci 0-8 a hannun mai masaukin baki kafin ta doke Masar da ci 4-1. Morocco ta hadu da takwarorinsu na gasar kwallon kafa ta mata a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo a wasan karshe na rukuni, inda kungiyoyin biyu suka samu damar tsallakewa zuwa matakin kusa da na karshe da nasara. Sai dai kuma wasan da aka tashi 0-0 ne ya fitar da Morocco daga waje, yayin da Kongo ta samu nasarar tsallakewa da maki mai kyau.
Shekaru biyu bayan haka, Morocco ta samu tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin Afrika a Afirka ta Kudu da ci 6-1 a jimillar nasara a kan Aljeriya. Sai dai bayan da kungiyar ta zura kwallo ta farko a ragar Kamaru a wasan farko na rukuni, inda aka zura mata kwallaye 13, sannan ta yi rashin nasara a dukkan wasannin ukun da ta buga, sannan kuma ta zo ta karshe a rukunin.
Kamfen ɗin su na shekarun 2002 da 2006 dukkansu Mali ta dakatar da su a matakin cancantar. Morocco ta tsallake zuwa zagaye na biyu na neman tikitin shiga gasar, amma sau biyu babu ci a Bamako da Rabat suka tashi kunnen doki a bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida inda Mali ta ci 5-4. A cikin shekarar 2004, Maroko ba ta shiga ba, yayin da jumullar 1-6 ta sha kashi a hannun Mali ta fitar da su daga gasar cin kofin Afrika na shekarar 2006 da kuma gasar cin kofin duniya ta shekarar  2007.
Kiran baya-bayan nan
An gayyaci 'yan wasan da ke zuwa cikin tawagar a cikin watanni 12 da suka gabata.
Manazarta
Bayanan kula ambato
Ibrahim Hassane Mayaki
Ibrahim Assane Mayaki (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga watan Satumban, shekara ta1951 ) ɗan siyasan Nijar ne, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Firayim Minista na Nijar daga 27 ga Nuwamban, shekara ta 1997, zuwa 3 ga Janairun shekara ta 2000.
Jamhuriya ta Hudu
A karkashin Shugaba Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara, wanda ya kwace mulki a wani juyin mulkin da ya yi a watan Janairun shekara ta 1996, an zabi Mayaki a matsayin Mataimakin Ministan Hadin Kai, a karkashin Ministan Harkokin Wajen, André Salifou, a ranar 23 ga Agustan, shekara ta 1996. Daga nan kuma aka nada shi Ministan Harkokin Waje da 'Yan Nijar da ke Waje a cikin Disamban shekara ta 1996, inda ya yi aiki har zuwa lokacin da aka nada shi Firayim Minista a watan Nuwamban shekara ta 1997.
Jamhuriya
Lokacin da aka kifar da Shugaba Maïnassara aka kashe shi a watan Afrilun shekara ta 1999, Daouda Malam Wanké, shugaban juyin mulkin, ya sake nada Mayaki ya sake jagorantar kasar a lokacin mika mulki zuwa sabon zabe. Ya bar ofis bayan an gudanar da zaben a karshen shekarar.
Rikicin Siyasar Amurka
Babu daya daga cikin masu nazarin CIA, DIA, ko INR da ya ce wannan ya ba da nauyi ga ikirarin cewa Iraki na kokarin neman uranium daga Afirka, kuma Mataimakin Shugaban kasa (wanda ya nemi bayanin da ya jawo tafiyar Wilson zuwa Niger) ba a ba shi labarin ba. Babu wata hujja da ke nuna cewa wannan iƙirarin game da taron wakilan Iraki tare da Mayaki an yi amfani da shi don ƙarfafa batun yaƙi, ko kuma cewa ta kowace hanya ce da ke da alaƙa da iƙirarin Shugaban Amurka George W. Bush a cikin shekara ta 2003 na kungiyar Union adireshin cewa " Gwamnatin Burtaniya ta fahimci cewa Saddam Hussein kwanan nan ya nemi yawan uranium daga Afirka ," wanda ya dogara da abin da Birtaniyya ta ce a cikin rahoton Butler cikakkiyar shaida ce daban.
Daga baya aiki
A watan Agustan shekara ta 2000, Mayaki halitta Jama'a Policy Analysis Circle (Cercle d'bincika des politiques publiques), a thinktank mayar da hankali a kan kiwon lafiya da kuma ilimi da manufofin.
Daraja
A ranar 7 ga Nuwamban, shekara ta 2019 Ibrahim Assane Mayaki ya ba shi taken "Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun " daga Sarkin Japan Naruhito. Wannan kayan adon, mafi girman jihar Japan, ya fahimci irin gudummawar da yake bayarwa wajen bunkasa dangantakar abokantaka tsakanin Japan, Nijar da kuma Kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka.
Littattafai
Baya ga labaran ilimi da yawa, ya buga La Caravane Passe (Paris, Odilon Média, 1999, 210 p. 2-84213-029-4), littafi ne wanda ya shafi kwarewarsa a Siyasa.
Al'adar nau'ikan abincin afrika
A al'adance, nau'ikan abinci daban-daban na Afirka suna amfani da hada shuka da iri,  kuma galibi ba sa shigo da abinci daga waje. A wasu sassa na nahiyar, abincin gargajiya yana nuna yawan kayan tushen tuber.
Tarihi
Tushen abincin Afirka ya samo dubban shekaru zuwa zamanin Bronze a Arewa maso Gabashin Afirka, lokacin da wayewar farko ta fara samuwa, noman hatsi irin su sha'ir da alkama. An haɗa wani ɓangare na Afirka a cikin Crescent mai Haihuwa, kuma Masarawa na dā sun fara haɓaka aikin noma a wannan yanki. Dabbobi irin su jakuna da tumaki suma ana zaman gida ne, kuma noma ya yadu zuwa Arewa, Gabas da Yammacin Afirka, kuma duk da cewa galibin kabilun suna rayuwa cikin saukin abincin mafarauci.
An bullo da abubuwa da yawa daga baya lokacin da Turawa suka yi wa Afirka mulkin mallaka. Abincin da ke da mahimmanci a yanzu a cikin abincin Afirka kamar masara da dankali ba a samo su a nan ba sai karni na 19.
Afirka ta Tsakiya
Afirka ta tsakiya ta taso daga tsaunin Tibesti da ke arewa zuwa babban dajin dajin kogin Kongo, da tsaunukan Kivu da savannah na Katanga.
Wannan yanki ya sami tasirin dafa abinci na Swahilis (al'adar da ta samo asali ta hanyar haɗin Bantu, Yemeni, Omani da al'adun Indiya) kuma a lokacin cinikin bayi na sahara. Ana iya samun tasirin dafa abinci na Swahili a cikin jita-jita kamar: mandazi, shinkafa pilaf, kachumbari, sambusa, kuku paka, da sauransu.
Har ila yau, ƴan ƙasar Portugal, ta hanyar Masarautar Kongo da Ndongo sun rinjayi abincin Afirka ta Tsakiya. Sannan An gabatar da kifin gishiri ne bayan ciniki a ƙarshen karni na 17, kuma kalmar Kikongo na kifi gishiri, makayabu, ya fito ne daga kalmar bacalhau (ba-cal-ha-u).
Gabashin Afirka
Abincin Gabashin Afirka ya bambanta daga yanki zuwa yanki. A cikin yankin savannah na cikin ƙasa, abincin gargajiya na mutanen kiwon shanu ya bambanta ta yadda kayan nama gabaɗaya baya nan. Shanu, tumaki, aladu da awaki ana ɗaukarsu azaman nau'in kuɗi da tarin dukiya, kuma galibi ba a cinye su azaman abinci.
A wasu yankuna, al'ummar gabashin Afirka na gargajiya na cin madara da jinin shanu, amma ba kasafai ake cin naman ba. A wani wuri kuma, wasu mutane manoma ne masu noman hatsi da kayan lambu iri-iri. Masara (masara) ita ce tushen ugali, sigar gida ta Fufu ta Yamma da Tsakiyar Afirka. Ugali abinci ne na sitaci da ake ci da nama ko miya. Kuma A Uganda, ayaba kore mai tururi da ake kira matoke na samar da sitaci na abinci da yawa.
Kusan shekaru kusan 1000 da suka gabata, 'yan kasuwa Omani da Yemen sun zauna a gabar tekun Swahili. Tasirin Gabas ta Tsakiya musamman yana nunawa a cikin abincin Swahili na bakin teku - shinkafa mai tuƙa ko dafaffe da kayan yaji a cikin salon Farisa ; saffron, cloves, kirfa da sauran kayan yaji; da ruwan rumman.
Ƙarnuka da yawa bayan haka, Birtaniya da Indiyawa sun zo, kuma dukansu sun zo da abinci irin su Indiyawan kayan lambu masu yaji, miyan lentil, chapattis da nau'in pickles iri-iri waɗanda suka yi tasiri ga jita-jita daban-daban na gida. Wasu sinadarai na yau da kullun da ake amfani da su a wannan yanki sun haɗa da lemu, lemo, lemun tsami, chillis, barkonon capsicum, masara, tumatur, da strawberries.
A cikin ƙahon Afirka, manyan jita-jita na gargajiya a cikin abincin kasar Eritiriya da abincin Habasha shi ne tsebhis (stews) da aka yi amfani da su tare da injera (bread da aka yi da tef, alkama, ko dawa ) da hilbet (manna da aka yi daga ciki). legumes, yafi lentil da fava wake ). Abincin Eritrea da Habasha (musamman a rabin arewa) sun yi kama da juna, idan aka yi la'akari da tarihin kasashen biyu.
Halin abinci na Eritiriya da Habasha sun bambanta a yanki. A cikin tsaunuka, injera ita ce abinci mai mahimmanci kuma ana ci a kowace rana tsakanin Tigrinya. Ana yin Injera da Tef, alkama, sha'ir, dawa ko masara, kuma yayi kama da soso mai ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano. Lokacin cin abinci, masu cin abinci gabaɗaya suna raba abinci daga babban tire da aka ajiye a tsakiyar ƙaramin teburin cin abinci. Injera da yawa an jera su a kan wannan tire kuma an ɗora su da miya daban-daban. Masu cin abinci sai su kutsa cikin sashin injera a gabansu, suna yayyage su suna tsoma su cikin miya.
A cikin ƙananan wurare, babban tasa shine akelet, wani nau'i-nau'i mai kama da porridge wanda aka yi da kullu na alkama. Ana amfani da leda don diba saman, wanda kuma aka cika da berbere da miya da man shanu da kuma kewaye da madara ko yoghurt. Ana karya karamin kullu sannan a rika dibar miya. Mafi sanannen abinci na Ethio-Eritrea ya ƙunshi kayan lambu iri-iri ko naman gefen jita-jita da kayan shiga, yawanci wat, ko stew mai kauri, ana yin hidima a saman injera, babban gurasa mai tsami da aka yi da garin teff. Mutum ba ya cin abinci da kayan aiki, a maimakon haka yana amfani da injera don dibar kayan shiga da abinci na gefe.
Tihlo, wanda aka shirya daga gasasshen gari na sha'ir, ya shahara sosai a Amhara, Agame, da Awlaelo (Tigray). Abincin Habashawa na gargajiya ba ya amfani da naman alade ko kifi kowane iri, kamar yadda aka hana su a cikin addinan Kiristan Orthodox na Yahudawa da Habasha. Sannan kuma Har ila yau, ya zama ruwan dare a ci abinci ɗaya a tsakiyar tebur tare da gungun mutane. Abincin Somaliya ya bambanta daga yanki zuwa yanki kuma ya ƙunshi nau'i mai ban sha'awa na tasiri daban-daban na dafa abinci. Kuma Ya samo asali ne daga al'adun kasuwanci da kasuwanci na Somaliya. Duk da iri-iri, akwai sauran abu ɗaya wanda ya haɗa nau'ikan abinci na yanki: duk abinci ana ba da shi na halal. Don haka babu abincin naman alade, ba a ba da barasa ba, babu abin da ya mutu da kansa ba a ci ba, kuma ba a haɗa jini ba. Qaddo ko abincin rana yakan yi bayani dalla-dalla.
Iri-iri na bariis (shinkafa), mafi mashahuri mai yiwuwa shine basmati, yawanci yakan zama babban abinci. Ana amfani da kayan yaji kamar cumin, cardamom, cloves, kirfa da sage don ƙamshin waɗannan nau'ikan shinkafa daban-daban. Somaliya suna yin abincin dare har zuwa karfe 9 na dare. A lokacin Ramadan, ana yawan cin abincin dare bayan Sallar Tarawihi, wani lokacin har zuwa karfe 11 na dare.
Kungiyar Wasan Hockey ta Maza ta Ghana
Kungiyar wasan hockey ta maza ta Ghana, tana wakiltar Ghana a gasar wasan hockey ta kasa da kasa kuma kungiyar kula da wasan hockey ta Ghana ce ke kula da ita da kuma hukumar da ke kula da wasan hockey a Ghana.
Al'adar nau'ikan abincin afrika
Gabashin Afirka
Xalwo (halwo) ko halva sanannen kayan zaki ne da ake yi a lokuta na musamman kamar bukukuwan Idi ko liyafar aure. Ana yin shi daga sukari, masara, foda, foda, nutmeg, da ghee. kuma Ana kuma ƙara gyada a wasu lokuta don ƙara laushi da ɗanɗano. Bayan an ci abinci, a al'adance ana yin turare ta hanyar amfani da turaren wuta ( lubaan ) ko turare ( cuunsi ), wanda ake shiryawa a cikin ƙona turare da ake kira dabqaad.
Kungiyar Wasan Hockey ta Maza ta Ghana
Ghana tana matsayi na 36 bisa ga FIH Rankings (kamar na Yuni 2019). Ghana ta shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta Hockey a karon farko a cikin 2016–2017. A zagaye na 1, sun buga gasar rukuni-rukuni na Afirka tare da Kenya, Namibiya da Najeriya, inda suka yi nasara a dukkan wasannin da suka buga a cikin tafki ciki har da nasara da ci 1-0 a kan babbar kungiyar Kenya. A zagaye na 2, an sanya su a Pool B tare da Sri Lanka, Masar da China. Ghana ta doke Sri Lanka ne kawai, kuma a wasan daf da na kusa da karshe Oman ta baiwa Ghana mamaki da ci 4-3. A karshe Ghana ce ta zo ta 6 a jerin kasashe.
Al'adar nau'ikan abincin afrika
Arewacin Afirka
Arewacin Afirka yana kusa da Tekun Bahar Rum kuma ya ƙunshi ƙasashe da yawa, ciki har da Morocco, Aljeriya, Libya, Tunisia, Masar da Sudan. Tushen abincin Arewacin Afirka ana iya samo su tun daga tsoffin daulolin Arewacin Afirka, sannan kuma musamman a Masar, inda yawancin jita-jita da al'adun gargajiya na ƙasar suka samo asali tun zamanin da na Afirka.
Kungiyar Wasan Hockey ta Maza ta Ghana
Ana gudanar da horaswa da wasanni a shirye-shiryen tunkarar gasar kasa da kasa a filin wasa na Theodosia Okoh Hockey da ke Accra.
Al'adar nau'ikan abincin afrika
Arewacin Afirka
Daga karni na bakwai zuwa gaba, Larabawa sun gabatar da kayan yaji iri-iri, kamar saffron, nutmeg, kirfa, ginger da cloves, wanda ya ba da gudummawa da tasiri ga al'adun dafa abinci na Arewacin Afirka. Turkawa Ottoman sun kawo irin kek da sauran kayan burodi, kuma daga Sabuwar Duniya, Arewacin Afirka sun sami dankali, tumatir, zucchini da barkono barkono.