cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Sashen jami’a na karatun Afirka a Leipzig
1880 - 1945
Sashen jami’a na kimiyar Afirka na yanzu ba koyaushe haka take ba. A kusan shekara 1880 an yi farkon sha’awar kimiyya a kan Afirka a Leipzig. Dalili shi ne akwai dangantaka daban-daban tsakanin mulkin mallaka a Afirka, musamman ma Tanzaniya domin birnin Leipzig ya sayi auduga daga Tanzania. Wannan auduga birnin Leipzig ya ci gaban da yin sarrafawa a cikin wani ma’aikatar auduga mai sunan “Baumwollspinnerei”. Na farkon bincike-bincike ga Afirka sun tara ilimi a kan kimiyar harsuna, ethnology da kimiyar labarin ƙasa. Shaharraren masanan kimiyar yammacin Afirka daga Jamus su ne misali Heinrich Barth, Gustav Nachtigal da Rudolf Prietze. Har shekarun goman 1930 da lokacin kafin farkon yaƙin duniya na biyu an koyar da karatun siyasar mulkin mallaka da kimiyar mulkin mallaka ta ƙasa. Gajeren lokaci kafin yaƙin duniya na biyu ya shiga, August Klingenheben shi ne yake kafa „Sashen jami’a na harsunan Afirka“. Amma wancan lokaci gurguzu na ƙasa, wato fascism, ya hana karatun Afirka ko bincike-binciken a kan nahiya mai nisa. Yayin da yaƙi, ƴan gurguzu na ƙasar sun halaka gini inda ake karantar da siyasar mulkin mallaka da harsunan Afirka.
Ibrahim Abubakar
Ibrahim Ibrahim Abubakar FFPH Farashin FRCPE Farashin FRCP FMedSci masani ne ɗan Burtaniya da Najeriya ƙwararrun cututtuka wanda Farfesa ne a Ilimin Cuta yana aiki a Kwalejin Jami'ar London kuma Shugaban Jami'ar UCL na Kimiyyar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a.
Sashen jami’a na karatun Afirka a Leipzig
1946 - yau
Kimanin lokacin gwagwarmayar ƙungiyoyin mulkin kai na Afirka, an sake sami sha’awa ta siyasa da ta tattalin arzikin Afirka. Wannan shi ya sa aka kafa darasin "kwatankwacin tarihin mulkin mallaka" a sashen jami‘a na tarihin al’ada da tarihin duniya wanda aka gina sabo a cikin jami’ar mai sunan Karl-Marx-Universität Leipzig. Daga nan adadin sassan jami‘a sun girma koyaushe: yankunan bincike sun zama da yawa. Akwai kimiyar harshen, kimiyar labarin ƙasa, ethnology, kimiyar yankuna, kimiyar tarihi, tattalin arziki da kuma doka. A shekara 1975 akwai tuni masaniya 25 waɗanda ma suke yi karatu motsin ƴanci na ƙasa a Afirka da kimiyar al’umma da ilimin tsari a kan yankunan kudancin Saharar Afirka. A shekara 1993 sashen jami’a na karatun harsunan Afirka“ ya zama mai zaman kansa. A shekara 2017 an sake canza sunan sashen jami’a ga „Sashen jami’a na karatun Afirka” domin akwai karatun harsunan Afirka ba kawai ba amma akwai ma babban yanayin kimiyar al’umma.
Ibrahim Abubakar
Ilimi
Ya yi karatun likitanci a shekarar 1992 daga Jami’ar Ahmadu Bello inda ya fara koyar da aikin likitanci gaba ɗaya kafin ya ƙware a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama’a. Ya sami horo kan lafiyar jama'a a Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya da Lafiya ta Landan inda ya kammala karatunsa na MSc a 1999, DPH daga Jami'ar Cambridge a 2000 da PhD daga Jami'ar Gabashin Anglia a 2007. An zaɓe shi zuwa Fellowship of the Academy of Medical Sciences a cikin shekarar 2020 don sanin binciken da ya yi game da cututtukan ƙwayar cuta da ƙaura da lafiya.
Sashen jami’a na karatun Afirka a Leipzig
Karatun Hausa a jami’ar Leipzig
A sashen jami’a na kimiyar Afirka akwai digiri na farko (bachelor) da digiri na biyu (master). A duka shirye-shiryen biyu ana koyar da harshen Hausa da al’adun Hausawa. Tun daga 2000 masanin harsuna Dr. Elhadji Ari Awagana (ɗan Nijar) malamin Hausa a Leipzig ne. Shirin farko ne ɗalibai suke koyon tushen nahawun harshen Hausa da kalmomi da jimloli masu muhimmanci misali „Barkàa!“, „ìnaa gàjiyàa?“ ko „gooròo“. Daga nan sannu-sannu ɗalibai suke sami hankalin ga rayuwar kowacen rana cikin Hausawa misali tafiya cefanen kasuwa da yin cinikin shanu ko dukiya ko kayan ciniki kuma ɗalibai suke koyi yadda ake yi bukukuwan gargajiya da ma’anarsa misali raɗin suna na addinin Musulunci. Haka sai ake karanta zaɓen rubutun daban-daban. Ɗalibai suke karantawa da suke fassara bugawar jami’a, adabi, rahotannin mujallu, waƙoƙin Hausa, labarai a kan rayuwa misali Kano Market Literature da tatsuniya. Bayan waɗannan ɗalibai daga ƙwarraren kwasa-kwasai ne suke yin nazarin aukuwar siyasa na yanzu waɗanda suke faru a arrewan Najeriya da yankin tabkin Chadi. Ɗalibai suna dubi babban daulolin yammacin Afirka, jihadism da mulkin mallaka don suke gwadar fahimta dalilin da rikici a wannan yanki.
A shekarun goman 2000 sashen jami’ar karatun Afirka a jami’ar Leipzig ya shirya zaman darasin harshen Hausa a cikin garin Azare, jihar Bauchi, a Nijeriya. Bayan tashin hankalin ya fara a arewa maso gabas wannan ake yin wannan kwas a Niamey, Nijar. Saboda dalibai suka zaune tare da iyalin Hausa sun gane al’adar Hausa da kyau. Sannan kuma jami’ar Leipzig tana yin haɗin gwiwa da jami’o’i daban-daban misali University of Ibadan, Université de Yaoundé II da Addis Ababa University. Musamman shirin jami’ar digiri na biyu yana shirya dalibai su tafi, don suke cin riba fahimta a cikin saɓaɓɓin yankuna kuma suke yi mafi ƙarfin sha’awace-sha’awacen ƙasashen duniya.
Ibrahim Abubakar
Aiki
Ya kasance darektan Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Duniya ta UCL har zuwa Agusta 2021. Ya taɓa zama shugaban TB a Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a a Ingila. Kafin nadin sa a UCL, ya kasance Farfesa a Kariyar Lafiya a Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Norwich. A cikin 2011, Cibiyar Nazarin Kiwon Lafiya da Kulawa ta Kasa (NIHR) ta ba shi Babban Fellowship Fellowship akan tarin fuka kuma a cikin 2016 an naɗa shi a matsayin Babban Mai Binciken NIHR.
Shi ne shugaban kwamitin zaɓin Farfesa na Duniya na NIHR da na Wellcome Trust Population Expert Review Group  da Ƙaurawar Hijira Lancet. Ya kasance memba na Kwamitin Ba da Shawarwari na Hukumar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a ta Budadden Gidauniyar da kuma na MRC Applied Global Health Board. Har ila yau, yana kan Hukumar Edita ta Jaridar Ruhaniya ta Turai da Magungunan BMC.
Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ƙungiyar WHO Strategic and Technical Advisory Group for Tuberculosis (STAG TB) daga 2016 zuwa 2019 kuma ya jagoranci ƙungiyar ci gaban TB na NICE, kuma ya kasance memban kwamitin, Asusun Kyauta na Bincike na Afirka. .
Bincike da wallafe-wallafe
Abubakar ya jagoranci hukumar Lancet Nigeria Commission wadda aka ƙaddamar a watan Maris 2022 a Abuja tare da yada labarai  kuma ya yi tasiri kan manufofin kiwon lafiyar kasa a Najeriya ciki har da dokar da ta kafa dokar hukumar inshorar lafiya ta kasa ta 2022. Ya jagoranci Hukumar UCL-Lancet kan Hijira da Lafiya wanda ya kawar da tatsuniyoyi game da barazanar da ake gani daga ƙaura zuwa lafiyar jama'a kuma ya bukaci a dauki mataki kan ingantaccen samar da lafiya ga bakin haure. Sakamakon ya kasance na musamman a cikin mahallin ƙaura mai yawa a cikin Bahar Rum da a tsakiya da Arewacin Amirka. Sakamakon binciken da hukumar ta samu ya samu yada labaran watsa labarai, kamar rahotanni a cikin The Guardian, NBC News, da kuma a taron tattalin arzikin duniya.
Ya haɗa littafin Jagora na Ƙwararre na Oxford a cikin Cututtukan Cutar Cutar da aka buga a cikin 2016. Ayyukansa a kan tarin magunguna a cikin 2012 a matsayin wani ɓangare na Lancet Cututtuka Masu Yaduwa na Mass Gathering Medicine Series ya haifar da sha'awar kafofin watsa labarai saboda yuwuwar tasirin annoba a cikin wuraren cunkoson jama'a (London 2012: Taron taro yana haɗarin kamuwa da cuta).
An buga shi sosai a cikin cututtukan cututtukan tarin fuka, ganewar asali da sarrafawa tare da ɗaukar hoto ciki har da bincike kan gwajin tarin fuka, aikin da ke nuna haɗarin tarin fuka a cikin ciki da lokacin haihuwa, tarin fuka da balaguron iska,  da kuma tasirin BCG. a rigakafin tarin fuka. Yana jagorantar aikin E-DETECT TB a Turai don gano cutar ta tarin fuka, wanda a cikin Romania ya haifar da fadada aikin hoton wayar hannu ta hanyar zuba jari na Yuro miliyan 15 a cikin raka'a iri ɗaya don yawo a cikin ƙasa.
Yana da h-index na 87 bisa ga Google Scholar.
Amai
Amai (Turanci: vomiting) wani abune wanda mutum keyi yayin ciwo ,ko inyaci abinci yayi masa yawa, seya dawo dashi.
Sandister Tei
Sandister Tei kwararriya ce a kafafen yada labarai ta Ghana wadda aka naɗa taGwarzuwar Wikimedia ta shekara a watan Oktoba 2020 ta hannun wanda ya kafa Wikipedia Jimmy Wales. Ita ce mai haɗin gwiwa kuma mai aikin sa kai na Ƙungiyar Masu Amfani ta Wikimedia Ghana.
Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Tei a birnin Accra, Ghana. Ta tafi Makarantar Achimota, daga baya Jami'ar Ghana, inda ta yi digiri a fannin Geography kuma Tullow Group ta ba ta guraben karatu a 2013 don yin digiri na biyu a aikin jarida na duniya a Jami'ar Cardiff.
Sana'a
Bayan masters ɗinta a Jami'ar Cardiff, Tei ta shiga tashar dijital ta Al Jazeera AJ+ a cikin 2014. Daga baya ta yi aiki a Joy FM a takaice a matsayin shugabar kafofin watsa labarun kuma ta koma Citi FM a matsayin ƴar jarida ta multimedia.
Daga baya Tei ya shiga nunin lokacin tuƙi na Traffic Avenue azaman bugun gefe don Jessica Opare-Saforo. Ta kuma kasance mai gabatar da shirye-shiryen Tech da Social Media akan nunin Breakfast na Citi wanda ya lashe lambar yabo.
Har ta tashi daga Citi, ta kasance mataimakiyar Manajan shirye-shirye na Citi FM da Citi TV.
Tei ta yi aiki da Gidauniyar Wikimedia tun daga 2021.
Ayyukan Wikimedia
Tei itace wanda ta kafa Wikimedia Ghana User Group, wata al'ummar Wikimedian Ghana wacce aka ƙirƙira a cikin 2012. Ayyukan sa kai da ta yi a wurin sun hada da daukar masu gyara Wikipedia da sauran ayyukan wayar da kai. Ta kuma taimaka wajen kaddamar da kamfen don fara koke kan 'Yancin Panorama a Ghana a cikin 2018 a re:publica Accra.
Ta wakilci rukunin masu amfani da Wikimedia Ghana a Washington DC don tattaunawa da masu shirya Wikimania na 2012 game da hanyoyin haɓaka abubuwan Afirka akan Wikipedia. A shekara mai zuwa, ta halarci Wikimania a Hong Kong a matsayin wani bangare na taron editocin Afirka na yau da kullun, inda ta zama mace ta farko a Ghana da ta halarci irin wannan taro. Ta halarci taron koli na Wikimedia na 2019 a Berlin, tare da inganta karuwar labarai kan batutuwan Afirka kan ayyukan Wikimedia. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan manufofinta shine "daidaita" da "ƙwarewar hangen nesa daban-daban".
An naɗa ta Editar Wikimedia ta Shekara a ranar 15 ga Oktoba 2020 ta wanda ya kafa Wikipedia Jimmy Wales a cikin watsa shirye-shiryen YouTube da Facebook kai tsaye. An yaba wa Tei saboda irin gudunmawar da ta bayar ga ayyukan Wikimedia na yada cutar ta COVID-19 a Ghana, tare da taimakawa wajen ci gaba da yin rikodi na dindindin na illolin cutar a can. Saboda takunkumin tafiye-tafiye, Wales ba za ta iya ba da kyautar ga Tei kamar yadda aka saba ba, amma a maimakon haka ta yi magana da ita cikin kiran zuƙowa mai ban mamaki.
Sauran ayyuka
Yayin da take Wales, an gano cewa tana fama da ciwon damuwa kuma maganinta na baya ya taimaka wajen inganta yanayinta da maki; sai ta kafa Purple People, ƙungiyar tallafawa lafiyar hankali (yanzu ba aiki) ga mutanen da ke fama da yanayin yanayi, shekaru bayan ta yi fama da baƙin ciki da kanta.
Lankantien Lamboni
Lankantien Lamboni (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Mayu 1990 a Dapaong, Togo) ɗan wasan tsere ne na ƙasar Togo, wanda ya ƙware a tseren mita 400. Ya fafata a gasar Olympics ta lokacin rani na shekarar 2012 yayinda yayi rashin nasara a zafi. Ya yi gudu a gasar Wasannin Kazan Universiade a tseren mita 400 da kuma mita 110.
Mafi kyawun mutum
Outdoor
Sauyin yanayi a Habasha
Canjin yanayi yana ƙara shafar matsalolin kiwon lafiya a Habasha kamar mutuwa da cututtuka saboda ambaliyar ruwa da raƙuman zafi, cututtukan da ke dauke da su, Cutututtukan da ake samu da ruwa, meningitis, da cutar numfashi da ta shafi gurɓataccen iska. Ya ci gaba a matakai da yawa kuma ya kasance babban matsala a aikin gona da kiwon lafiya. A halin yanzu, bincike ba a inganta shi ba game da batutuwan yanayi kuma ba shi da bin diddigin da aka tsara, yayin da akwai ƙananan binciken bincike na rayuwa da ke ba da cikakken bayani game game le yanayin metrological. Bugu da kari, akwai karancin wayar da kan jama'a da ƙwararrun ƙwararru don magance matsalolin da suka shafi kiwon lafiya da canjin yanayi ya haifar.
Kididdiga
Tun daga shekarun 1970s, Habasha ta fuskanci fari mai yawa daga sassa daban-daban na yankuna. Tsakanin 1960 da 2006, babban zafin jiki na shekara-shekara ya karu da 1.3 ° C. A matsakaita, adadin zai zama 0.28 °C a cikin zabin jiki a kowace shekara goma.
Daga 1961 zuwa 1990, nazarin Sadarwar Kasa ta Habasha ya gano babban bambancin sararin samaniya da na lokaci; matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a sikelin ƙasa, amma raguwa a sassan arewa yayin da yake karuwa a tsakiyar Habashina. Binciken ya kuma nuna fuskantar shekaru masu bushewa da rigar a cikin zafin jiki a shekaru 50 da suka gabata. Kamar yadda samfuran yanki ke hango karuwar ruwan sama, bincike mai inganci yana nuna raguwar karuwa da raguwa na matsakaicin ruwan kasa. Bambancin ruwan sama kuma yana hasashen yiwuwar ambaliyar ruwa da fari da ke shafar samar da aikin gona. Ruwan sama mai daidaituwa yana ƙaruwa musamman a watan Yuli zuwa Satumba da Oktoba zuwa Disamba.
Abubuwan da suka faru masu tsanani
Abubuwan da suka faru masu tsanani kamar fari da ambaliyar ruwa, karuwar zafin jiki da ruwan sama mai yawa sun zama ruwan dare a Habasha. Yankunan lowland galibi suna fallasawa daga mitar da girman fari. A cewar rahoton Bankin Duniya na 2010, Habasha tana fama da fari mai yawa tun farkon shekarun 1980, biyar daga cikinsu sun haifar da yunwa ban da yawan fari na gida. Babban fari yana haifar da bushewar albarkatun ruwa kuma a ƙarshe karancin ruwa. Sakamakon da ya biyo baya ya haɗa da rashin tsabta kuma yana iya haifar da yaduwar cututtuka. A cikin 2015, kimanin mutane miliyan 15 sun mutu saboda fari da El Niño ya haifar a Habasha. Babban ambaliyar ruwa ya faru a shekarar 1988, tsakanin 1993-1996, kuma a shekara ta 2006 ya haifar da mutuwar mutane da lalacewar dukiya. A Gambela, canjin yanayi ya haifar da jerin fari, daga koguna masu gudana kamar Baro, Akobo, Gilo da Alwero da ƙananan yanayin yankin. Ambaliyar ruwa ta 2008 a Gambela ta haifar da karuwar mitar da girman ambaliwar.
A yankin Afar, haɗarin yanayi yana da alaƙa sosai da yawan mutuwar yara. Har ila yau, yana da mafi girman abubuwan da suka faru da rashin wuraren kiwon lafiya, kuma rashin ma'aikatan kiwo na iya kara matsalar. Wani rahoto na 2011 ya nuna yaduwar fari, ruwan sama mara kyau, cututtukan dabbobi, karancin ruwa da cututtuka na mutane sun zama manyan haɗari a Chifra woreda. Har ila yau, yankin ya fada cikin lalacewar ƙasa na lokaci-lokaci; amma raguwar girman garken kowace gida, karuwar ababen more rayuwa da fitowar ƙauyuka sun inganta a cikin 'yan kwanakin nan.
A yankunan Borena da Somaliya, yanayin zafi mai tsanani, karuwa a cikin ƙasa mara kyau, ƙura da iska da ƙarancin ruwa sun haifar da matsalolin kiwon lafiya. Yawancin albarkatun a cikin al'ummomin Shinile sun shafi haɗarin yanayi. Yawan zafin jiki a yankin yana haifar da ruwan sama mai tsanani da cututtukan da ke dauke da ruwa a Borena.
Manazarta
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Wodage Zvadya
Wodage Zvadya (Ibrananci: ודג' זבדיה; an haife shi a ranar 7 ga watan Satumban 1973) ɗan wasan tseren nesa ne (long-distance runner) na Isra'ila wanda ya ƙware a tseren marathon.
Tarihin Rayuwa
Ya kasance dan kasar Habasha har zuwa shekarar 1991 lokacin da ya yi hijira zuwa Isra'ila. Ya ci lambar azurfa a shekarar 2001 Summer Universiade. Mafi kyawun wasanninsa sa a gasar cin kofin Turai ko Cin Kofin Duniya shine matsayi na 22 da yazo a gasar cin kofin Turai ta shekarar 2002. Ya kuma fafata a Gasar Cin Kofin Turai na shekara ta 2006 da Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na shekarun 2005 da 2007 da 2009 da Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na Half Marathon na shekarun 2001 da 2002 da 2005.
Mafi kyawun lokacinsa na tsere shine 14:07.14 mintuna a cikin tseren mita 5000, wanda ya samu a watan Yuli 1996 a Hechtel; 29:38.88 mintuna a tseren mita 10,000 da aka samu a watan Mayu 1996 a Tel Aviv; 1:04:30 hours a Gasar Duniya ta Half marathon, da yayi nasara a wasan kakar Universiade ta shekarar 2001 a Birnin Beijing; da dakika 2:16:04 a tseren marathon, wanda aka samu a watan Janairun 2004 a Tiberias.
Laifuka a Benin
Laifukan da ake aikatawa a kasar Benin sun yi yawa kuma musamman kan masu ziyara.
Yin fashi
Laifukan kananan laifuka sun zama ruwan dare a duk fadin kasar Benin. fashin titi babbar matsala ce a Cotonou. Fashi da mugging na faruwa ne tare da Boulevard de France (hanyar bakin teku ta Marina da Novotel Hotels) da kuma kan rairayin bakin teku masu kusa da otal-otal da baƙi na duniya ke zuwa. Galibin al'amuran da aka ruwaito sun hada da amfani da karfi, sau da yawa ta hanyar masu dauke da makamai, tare da wani dan karamin rauni ga wanda abin ya shafa. Ko da a cikin sa'o'in rana, 'yan kasashen waje da ke bakin tekun da ke kusa da Cotonou na yawan fama da fashi.
Ana ci gaba da samun karuwar yawan fashi da sace -sacen motoci bayan duhu, a cikin babban birnin kasar Cotonou da kuma kan manyan tituna da kauyukan da ke wajen manyan biranen kasar. Tafiya ta kan kasa zuwa Najeriya na da hadari a kusa da kan iyakar Benin da Najeriya saboda shingayen binciken ababen hawa da 'yan fashi da makami.
Fataucin miyagun kwayoyi
Fataucin muggan kwayoyi a kasar Benin na karuwa, musamman saboda lallausan kan iyakoki da rashin tsoma bakin gwamnati na safarar miyagun kwayoyi. A yayin da kasashen da ke makwabtaka da juna ke kokarin yaki da fataucin miyagun kwayoyi, masu safarar miyagun kwayoyi na amfani da kasar Benin wajen safarar kwayoyi daga Kudancin Amurka zuwa Amurka da Turai. Amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin Benin ya yi ƙasa sosai, tare da marijuana shine maganin zaɓi. Ana noman tabar wiwi a tsakiyar yankin Benin.
Zamba
Akwai babban adadin katin kiredit da na'ura mai sarrafa kansa (ATM) damfara, wanda akasari ke yiwa baki hari.
Cin hanci da rashawa
A shekarar 2011, kungiyar Transparency International ta zabi kasar Benin a matsayin kasa ta 100 a cikin kasashe 182 a kan cin hanci da rashawa. Makin Benin ya kasance 3 tare da 10 shine mafi kyawun maki.
Bikin Samanpiid
Bikin Samanpiid biki ne na shekara-shekara da Kusasis a yankin gargajiyar Kusaug da ke yankin Gabas ta Gabas na Ghana. Bikin dai shi ne wanda ake amfani da shi wajen godewa Allah da ya samu girbi mai yawa a lokacin noma.
Tarihi
An fara bikin ne a shekara ta 1987. An yi bikin cika shekaru 26 da tsohon shugaban kasar Jerry John Rawlings a matsayin bako mai jawabi.
Ferekalsi Debesay
Ferekalsi Debesay Abrha (an haife shi a ranar 10 ga watan Yunin 1986 a Tsazega ), tsohon ƙwararren ɗan tseren keke ne na ƙasar Eritrea. Shi ɗan uwa ne ga masu tseren keke Mossana Debesai, Mekseb Debesay, Yakob Debesay da.
Manyan Sakamakon Nasarori
Shekarar 2007
Na biyu 2nd a wasan Road race, All-Africa Games na takwas a Tseren Titi, African Road Championships
Shekarar 2009
Na daya 1st, Prologue & Stage 4 Tour d'Egypt Na tara 9th, a Overall Tour Eritrea
Shekarar 2010
1st, a Team time trial, African Road Championships
4th, a Overall Tour Eritrea
4th, a Grand Prix of Al Fatah
10th, a Overall Tour of Rwanda
Babban Bankin Jamhuriyyar Gini
Babban Bankin Jamhuriyar Gini (Banque Centrale de la République de Guinée , BCRG; N'Ko) shi ne babban bankin kasar Guinea. Babban hedkwatar bankin yana babban birnin Conakry. Gwamnan bankin na yanzu shi ne Dr Karamo Kaba.
Ayyuka
Bankin yana da ƙwazo wajen haɓaka manufofin haɗa kuɗin kuɗaɗe kuma babban memba ne na Alliance for hada-hadar kuɗi. Har ila yau, yana ɗaya daga cikin cibiyoyin gudanarwa na 17 na asali don yin takamaiman alkawurran kasa don hada-hadar kuɗi a ƙarƙashin sanarwar Maya yayin taron  shekarar 2011 Global Policy Forum da aka gudanar a Mexico.
Hukuncin Kisa
Hukuncin kisa, wanda kuma aka sani da hukuncin kisa, shine tsarin da state ta amince da shi na kashe mutum da gangan a matsayin hukunci na ainihin ko laifin da ake zato, yawanci bin tsari mai izini, tsarin mulki da kammala cewa mutumin yana da alhakin saba ka'idoji. wannan warrant ɗin ya ce hukunci. Hukuncin da ke ba da umarnin a hukunta wanda ya yi laifi irin wannan shi ne hukuncin kisa, kuma aikin aiwatar da hukuncin kisa ne. Fursunan da aka yanke wa hukuncin kisa kuma yana jiran kisa an yanke masa hukuncin kisa kuma ana kiransa da "mai hukuncin kisa". Laifukan da ake yanke wa hukuncin kisa ana san su da manyan laifuffuka, ko kuma sun bambanta dangane da hukunce-hukuncen hukumci, amma yawanci sun haɗa da manyan laifuffuka a kan mutum, kamar kisan kai, kisan kai na jama'a, ƙarar laifukan fyade (sau da yawa ciki har da yara). cin zarafin jima'i), ta'addanci, fashin jiragen sama, laifuffukan yaki, laifuffukan cin zarafin bil'adama, da kisan kare dangi, tare da laifuffukan da suka shafi gwamnati kamar yunkurin kifar da gwamnati, cin amanar kasa, leken asiri, tayar da zaune tsaye, da satar fasaha, da dai sauransu. Har ila yau, a wasu lokuta, ayyukan sake maimaitawa, da fashi da makami, da yin garkuwa da su, baya ga fataucin muggan kwayoyi, da fataucin muggan kwayoyi, da mallakar muggan kwayoyi, manyan laifuka ne ko ingantawa. Duk da haka, jihohi sun kuma sanya hukuncin kisa, na ɗabi'a mai yawa, don akidar siyasa ko addini da ayyuka, don matsayi fiye da ikon mutum, ko kuma ba tare da yin amfani da wani muhimmin tsari ba. Kisan shari'a shi ne da gangan kashe wanda ba shi da laifi ta hanyar hukuncin kisa.  Misali, kisa da aka yi bayan gwaje-gwajen wasan kwaikwayo a Rasha a lokacin The great purge na 1937-1938 wani kayan aikin danniya ne na siyasa.
Asalin, kalmar capital (lit. "na kai", wanda aka samo ta hanyar great capitalis na Latin daga caput, "kai") yana nufin kisa ta hanyar fille kai, amma ana aiwatar da hukuncin ta hanyoyi da yawa, ciki har da rataya, harbi, allurar mutuwa, jifa, wutar lantarki, da iskar gas.
Kamar yadda na 2022, 55 kasashe suna riƙe da kisa, 109 kasashe sun gaba daya soke shi de jure ga dukan laifuffuka, bakwai sun soke shi saboda na yau da kullum laifuffuka (yayin da kiyaye shi ga musamman yanayi kamar laifukan yaki), da kuma 24 abolitionist a aikace. Ko da yake yawancin ƙasashe sun soke hukuncin kisa, sama da kashi 60% na al'ummar duniya suna rayuwa ne a ƙasashen da ake ci gaba da aiwatar da hukuncin kisa, kamar China, Indiya, Amurka, Singapore, Indonesia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nigeria, Masar, Saudiya, Iran, Japan, da Taiwan.
Hukuncin kisa na da cece-kuce a kasashe da jihohi da dama, kuma matsayi na iya bambanta tsakanin akidar siyasa ko yankin al'adu daya. Kungiyar kare hakkin bil'adama ta Amnesty International ta bayyana cewa hukuncin kisa ya keta hakkokin bil'adama, yana mai cewa "'yancin rayuwa da 'yancin rayuwa ba tare da azabtarwa ko rashin tausayi, rashin mutunci ko wulakanci ko hukunci ba." Ana kiyaye waɗannan haƙƙoƙin ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar Haƙƙin Dan Adam ta Duniya, wadda Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta karbe a 1948. A cikin Tarayyar Turai (EU), Mataki na 2 na Yarjejeniya ta Muhimman Hakki na Tarayyar Turai ya hana yin amfani da hukuncin kisa. Majalisar Turai, mai kasashe 46, ta nemi soke amfani da hukuncin kisa daga mambobinta kwata-kwata, ta hanyar yarjejeniya ta 13 ta Yarjejeniyar Turai kan Haƙƙin Bil Adama. Koyaya, wannan ya shafi ƙasashe membobin da suka sanya hannu kuma suka amince da shi, kuma ba su haɗa da Armeniya da Azabaijan ba. Babban taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya amince da shi, a tsawon shekaru daga 2007 zuwa 2020, kudurori guda takwas wadanda ba su da alaka da su da ke kira da a dakatar da aiwatar da hukuncin kisa a duniya, da nufin soke hukuncin kisa.
Tarihi
Kusan dukkanin al'ummomi suna amfani da kisan gilla na masu laifi da 'yan adawa tun farkon wayewar duniya. Har zuwa karni na sha tara, ba tare da inganta tsarin gidan yari ba, yawanci babu wata hanyar da za ta iya aiki don tabbatar da hana masu aikata laifuka. A zamanin da ake aiwatar da hukuncin kisa da kansu sau da yawa sun haɗa da azabtarwa da hanyoyi masu raɗaɗi da raɗaɗi, irin su karyewar dabaran, keelhauling, sawing, rataye, zane, da kwata, konawa a kan gungumen azaba, flaying, yankan jinkirin, tafasa mai rai, gicciye, mazzatello, busa daga bindiga, schwedentrunk, da scaphism. Sauran hanyoyin da ke bayyana a cikin almara kawai sun haɗa da mikiya na jini da bijimin jarumtaka.
Amfani da kisa na yau da kullun ya kai zuwa farkon tarihin da aka yi adana. Yawancin bayanan tarihi da al'adun gargajiya daban-daban na nuna cewa hukuncin kisa wani bangare ne na tsarin shari'arsu. Hukunce-hukuncen jama'a don aikata ba daidai ba gabaɗaya sun haɗa da diyya na kuɗin jini daga wanda ya yi kuskure, hukuncin jiki, gujewa, kora da kisa. A cikin al'ummomin kabilanci, ramuwa da kauracewa galibi ana daukar su isa a matsayin wani nau'i na adalci. Amsar laifuffukan da ƙabilu, dangi ko al'ummomi maƙwabta suka aikata sun haɗa da neman uzuri na yau da kullun, diyya, rikicin jini, da yaƙin kabilanci.
Rikicin jini ko vendetta yana faruwa ne lokacin da sasantawa tsakanin iyalai ko ƙabila ya kasa ko kuma tsarin sasantawa bai kasance ba. Wannan nau'i na adalci ya kasance ruwan dare kafin bayyanar tsarin sasantawa bisa tsarin addini ko tsarin addini. Yana iya haifar da laifi, jayayyar ƙasa ko ka'idar girmamawa. "Ayyukan ramuwar gayya suna nuna ikon haɗin gwiwar zamantakewa don kare kansu da kuma nunawa abokan gaba (da kuma abokan haɗin gwiwa) cewa rauni ga dukiya, hakkoki, ko kuma mutum ba zai kasance ba tare da hukunci ba."
A yawancin ƙasashen da ke aiwatar da hukuncin kisa, yanzu an keɓe shi don kisan kai, ta'addanci, laifuffukan yaƙi, leƙen asiri, cin amanar ƙasa, ko kuma wani ɓangare na shari'ar soja. A wasu ƙasashe laifuffukan jima'i, irin su fyaɗe, fasikanci, zina, lalata, luwaɗi, luwaɗi, da na dabba suna ɗaukar hukuncin kisa, haka kuma laifukan addini kamar Hudud, Zina, da Qisas, irin su ridda (wasu ƙin bin addini na hukuma)., sabo, moharebeh, hirabah, Fasad, Mofsed-e-filarz da maita. A cikin ƙasashe da yawa waɗanda ke amfani da hukuncin kisa, fataucin muggan ƙwayoyi da galibi mallakar muggan ƙwayoyi ma babban laifi ne. A kasar Sin, ana yanke hukuncin kisa kan fataucin mutane da manyan laifuka na cin hanci da rashawa da kuma laifukan kudi. A cikin sojoji a duniya kotunan soji sun zartar da hukuncin kisa saboda laifuffuka kamar su tsoro, ja da baya, rashin biyayya, da kuma tada zaune tsaye.
Fabrice Dabla
Ya fafata a gasar tseren mita 200 na maza na shekarar 2016, amma ya zo na bakwai a cikin zafinsa da dakika 21.63 kuma bai ci gaba ba. Duk da cewa akwai mutane takwas da suka shiga cikin tseren, Mike Nyang'au dan kasar Kenya bai fara ba, ma'ana Dabla ya zo na karshe a cikin wadanda suka yi. Ya yi fice a gasar guje-guje da tsalle-tsalle a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta shekarar 2020 - Mitoci 100 na maza wanda a cikinsa ya cancanci daga tseren farko a cikin dakika 10.57.
Hanyoyin haɗi na waje
Fabrice Dabla at World Athletics
Fabrice Dabla at Olympedia
Prenam Pesse
Prenam Pesse (an haife ta a ranar 31 ga watan Disamba 1997) 'yar wasan tseren Togo ce wacce ta ƙware a cikin tseren mita 200.
Babbar nasarar da ta samu ita ce ta kai wasan kusa da na karshe a gasar hadin kan Musulunci ta shekarar 2017. Ta kuma taka leda a Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka na shekarar 2012 (m200), wasannin Afirka na shekarar 2015 (mita 100 da 200,   Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta shekarar 2016 (mita 100 da 200, Gasar Olympics ta lokacin bazara ta shekarar 2016. 100 m), inda ta kasance ta 4 a cikin zafinta da lokacin dakika 12.38,   2017 Islamic Solidarity Games (100m) da 2017 Jeux de la Francophonie (mita 100 da 200) ba tare da kai ga watan karshe ba. A shekarar 2019, ta wakilci Togo a gasar cin kofin Afirka na shekarar 2019 da aka gudanar a Rabat, Morocco. Ta fafata ne a tseren mita 100 na mata.
Mafi kyawun lokacinta shine daƙiƙa 12.08 a cikin tseren mita 100, wanda aka samu a cikin watan Afrilu 2014 a Abidjan; da dakika 24.90 a tseren mita 200, wanda aka samu a gasar hadin kan Musulunci ta shekarar 2017 a Baku.
Ka'idodin Paris na Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam
An bayyana ƙa'idodin Paris a taron bita na farko na kasa da kasa kan cibiyoyi na ƙasa don haɓakawa da kare haƙƙin ɗan adam da aka gudanar a Paris a ranakun 7-9 ga watan Oktoba 1991. Hukumar kare hakkin dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta amince da su ta kuduri mai lamba 1992/54 na shekarar 1992, da kuma Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a kuduri mai lamba 48/134 na shekarar 1993. Baya ga yin musayar ra'ayi kan shirye-shiryen da ake da su, mahalarta taron sun zayyana cikakkun shawarwari kan rawar da suka taka, matsayi, matsayi da kuma ayyukan cibiyoyin kare hakkin dan Adam na kasa (NHRIs). Wadannan an gina su ne bisa ka’idojin da taron karawa juna sani na Geneva na shekarar 1978 kan cibiyoyi na kasa da na gida don ci gaba da kare hakkin dan Adam ya yi amfani da su a baya, wanda ya samar da ‘Jagororin Tsari da Aiki na Cibiyoyin Kasa da Na gida don Ingantawa da Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam’. Ka'idodin Paris na shekarar 1993 sun tsara matsayi da aiki na cibiyoyi na ƙasa don karewa da haɓaka haƙƙin ɗan adam wanda aka sani da Cibiyoyin Haƙƙin Dan Adam na ƙasa.
Abubuwan Bukatun Ka'idodin Paris da NHRI
Ƙa'idodin Paris sun lissafa ayyuka da ayyuka da yawa ga cibiyoyin haƙƙin ɗan adam na ƙasa:
Yarda da ƙa'idodin Paris shine babban abin da ake buƙata na tsarin ba da izini wanda ke daidaita damar NHRI zuwa Majalisar Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da sauran hukumomi. Wannan tsarin bita ne na tsararraki wanda wani karamin kwamiti ne na Global Alliance of the National Human Rights Institutions (GANHRI) da ake kira Karamin Kwamitin Amincewa. Karamin Kwamitin yana duba NHRI a cikin ma'auni daban-daban, tare da 'yancin kai daga jihar shine mafi mahimmancin yanayin sake dubawa. Ana iya nuna 'yancin kai ta hanyar bin ƙa'idodin Paris, kamar yadda Ƙarshen Kwamitin ya fassara a cikin Babban Abubuwan Sa'a. Bita na Ƙarshen Kwamiti don bin ƙa'idodin Paris yana nazarin doka ta ba da damar NHRI, zaɓi da tsarin naɗi don jagoranci, cin gashin kansa na kuɗi da gudanarwa, da haƙƙinsu na haƙƙin ɗan adam, baya ga ayyukansu na masu haɓaka haƙƙin ɗan adam da masu kare haƙƙin ɗan adam.
Peter Forsberg
Peter Mattias Forsberg ( pronounced : [ˈpěːtɛr ˈfɔ̂ʂːbærj] (an haife shi ne a ashirin ga watan Yuli shekara ta 1973) tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙanƙara ƙwararre kuma dan qasar sweden ɗan Sweden ne kuma tsohon mataimakin babban manajan Modo Hockey . Wanda ake yiwa lakabin suna da " Peter the Great " da " Foppa ", Forsberg an sanshi ne da hangen nesa kan kankara da wasan motsa jiki, kuma ana daukarsa daya daga cikin manyan 'yan wasa na kowane lokaci a fanin duniya.  Ko da yake aikinsa ya gajarta da raunin da ya faru,dashi a shekarai  , Ya kasance na tara a kowane lokaci a cikin maki-kowane-wasan  kuma na biyar a kowane lokaci a cikin taimakon aiki-kowane-wasan  a cikin NHL, kawai a bayan Wayne Gretzky, Mario Lemieux, Bobby Orr, da Connor McDavid. . A cikin 2017 an nada Forsberg ɗaya daga cikin' 100 Mafi Girma 'Yan wasan NHL a tarihi.
Ayyukansa na ƙwararrun shekaru har guda sha tara 19 sun haɗa da shekaru 13 a cikin qasa da qasar wasan qanqara National Hockey League (NHL), inda ya ci Kofin Stanley guda biyu tare da Colorado Avalanche, da kuma girmamawa da yawa na mutum ciki har da Hart Memorial Trophy a shekarai dubu biyu da uku 2003. Tun daga ƙarshen lokacin shekarai dubu biyu da sha bakwai xuwa da sha takwas 2017 – 18, shi ne na bakwai mafi girma a kowane lokaci mafi girman maki a Sweden a cikin lokacin NHL na yau da kullun. Kafin lokacin dawowarsa na ɗan gajeren lokaci a cikin 2011, Forsberg bai taɓa samun ƙimar ƙari da ragi mara kyau ba, yana ba shi ƙimar aikin gaba ɗaya na +238.
Forsberg ya wakilci Sweden a wasan kasa da kasa, ya fafata a wasannin duniya na Olympics na lokacin sanyi har guda hudu, da gasar cin kofin duniya guda biyu da na gasar cin kofin duniya har guda biyar, da kuma gasar zakarun matasa na Turai baki daya guda daya da na kananan yara na dika duniya guda biyu, inda ya ke rike da tarihin maki guda talatin da daya  a wasanni bakwai da ya buga shine mafi tarihin dayafi kowane a cikin wasannin qanqara wasu ke cewa mai yiwuwa ne. kada a karye. Ya lashe lambobin zinarin medal na duniya hudu tare da qasar tasa Sweden a cikin aikinsa, inda ya lashe taken a gasar cin kofin duniya na shekarai alif dari tara da casain da biyu da alif dari tara da casain da takwas 1992 da 1998 da gasar Olympics ta lokacin hunturu na 1994 da 2006. Haɗe da gasar cin kofin Stanley guda biyu a wasan NHL, shi memba ne na Triple Gold Club kuma Swede kaɗai wanda ya ci kowace gasa uku sau biyu. A cikin 2013, an shigar da shi zuwa Hall of Fame IIHF, kuma a cikin 2014, an zabe shi a cikin Hall of Fame na Hockey.
Legally Blonde
Legally Blonde ƙungiya ce (Ƙungiyar kiɗa) an gabatar da ita a cikin shekara ta 2007 tare da Kiɗa da (waƙoƙi) sannan kuma tana hulɗa da Novel.
Akotia Tchalla
Didier Akotia Tchalla (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga watan Yuli 1981) ɗan wasan tsalle uku ne na kasar Togo mai ritaya.
Sana'a
Ya zo na hudu a Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka na shekarar 2002, na shida a Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta shekarar 2003, na shida a Jeux de la Francophonie na shekarar 2005, na tara a Gasar Hadin Kan Musulunci ta shekarar 2005 kuma na shida a Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta shekarar 2006.
Mafi kyawun tsallensa shine mita 16.18, wanda ya samu a cikin watan Fabrairu 2003 a Port Elizabeth. Wannan shine rikodin na Togo.
Asanka
Asanka, tuwon yumbu, tukunyar niƙa ce ta ƙasar Ghana da aka yi da yumbu tare da tudu a ciki. Ya zo da mashin katako mai suna eta ko tapoli a cikin yaren gida. An fi kiransa da blender na gargajiya kuma ana amfani dashi yadda ya kamata a inda babu wutar lantarki. Ana kuma kiransa 'tukunyar dabo.' Ga's suna kiransa Kaa yayin da Akans ke kiransa apotoyewaa ko Asanka. An fi amfani da shi a cikin sandunan sara a matsayin hidimar kwanoni.
Yadda ake amfani
Yin amfani da Asanka yana buƙatar fasaha, ƙarfin hannu, da fasaha daidai don hana ciwon wuyan hannu. Ana yanyanka abubuwan da ake buƙata kafin a saka su a cikin Asanka don sauƙaƙe niƙa. Ridges a cikin Asanka yana rage yanayin gaba ɗaya a cikin hulɗa da kayan abinci, yana ba shi damar niƙa yadda ya kamata. Yin amfani da ƙarfi na masher katako, eta ko tapoli, yana amfani da rikici tsakanin raƙuman ruwa don haɗuwa da sinadaran. Maimaita tsarin zai yayyafawa da haɗuwa da kayan abinci na tsawon lokaci.
Tsaro
Dole ne a tsaftace shi kuma a kula da shi don tabbatar da dorewa.
Canjin yanayi a Najeriya
Canjin yanayi a Najeriya, yana bayyana ne daga karuwar zafin jiki, bambancin ruwan sama (yawan ruwan sama a yankunan bakin teku da raguwar ruwan sama a yankunan nahiyar). Hakanan yana nuna fari, kwararowar hamada, hawan teku, zaizayar kasa, ambaliya, tsawa, konewar mai, gobarar daji, zabtarewar kasa, da dai sauransu. Duk waɗannan za su ci gaba da yin mummunan tasiri ga rayuwar ɗan adam da kuma yanayin muhalli a Najeriya. Ko da yake ya danganta da wurin, yankuna suna fuskantar sauyin yanayi tare da yanayin zafi mai girma a lokacin rani yayin da ruwan sama a lokacin damina ke taimakawa wajen kiyaye yanayin zafi a matsakaicin matakan.
Akwai 'yan cikakkun rahotanni da ke ba da shaida mai amfani na tasirin sauyin yanayi da aka samu a Najeriya a yau. Yawancin wallafe-wallafen suna ba da shaidar canjin yanayi gaba ɗaya. Duk da haka, ya kamata a mai da hankali sosai kan harkar noma musamman yadda ake gudanar da rayuwa a yankuna daban-daban inda noma ya mamaye.
canjin yanayi daban daban ne a duk wurare na ƙasar Najeriya. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gwamnatocin damina guda biyu: yawan hazo a sassan Kudu maso Gabas da Kudu maso Yamma da kuma karancin ruwan sama a Arewa ne ya mamaye wannan al'amari na kasa. Wadannan gwamnatocin na iya haifar da fari, kwararowar hamada da fari a arewancin Najeriya; zaizayar kasa da ambaliya a Kudu da sauran yankuna.
Canje-canje a yanayi
Canjin yanayi a Najeriya yana canza yanayin yankuna. Yankin mataki na arewancin Najeriya zai fadada zuwa kudu, kuma yankunan damina mai zafi a kudu na tafiya zuwa arewa, suna maye gurbin dazuzzuka masu zafi.
Hukumar Kula da Yanayin Kasa ta Najeriya (NiMet) a shekarar 2019, ta yi hasashen cewa shekarar 2019 za a yi zafi. Matsakaicin bambancin shekara-shekara da yanayin ruwan sama a Najeriya a cikin shekaru sittin da suka gabata yana nuna canjyin yanayi da dama a tsakanin shekara da kuma haifar da matsanancin yanayi kamar fari da ambaliya a yawancin sassan kasar.
Tasiri akan mutane
Akwai yiyuwar Najeriya za ta fuskanci ambaliyar ruwa da fari da zafi da kuma hana noma a lokutan zafi.
Tasirin lafiya
Hukumar NIMET ta yi hasashen karuwar cutar zazzabin cizon sauro sakamakon canjin yanayi, da sauran cututtuka da za su karu a yankunan da yanayin zafi ya kai tsakanin 18-32°C kuma tare da dangi zafi sama da 60%.
Fahimtar jama'a
Wani bincike da aka yi a Jami'ar Jos, an gano cewa 59.7 na wadanda suka amsa suna da ilimi akan canjin yanayi, kuma sun fahimci cewa yana da alaka da batutuwan da suka hada da fossil man fetur, gurbacewar yanayi, saren gandun daji da ci gaban birane.
Helga Deen
Helga Deen (A Afrilu 6, shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da ashirin da biyar) ita ce mawallafin littafin diary, wanda aka gano a cikin shekara ta dubu biyu, wanda ke bayyana zamanta a Camp Vught, inda aka kore ta a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu tana da shekaru 18.
Canjin yanayi a Najeriya
Fahimtar jama'a
Al'ummai Karancin ilimi da al'ummai a yankunan karkara ba su da ilimin akan canjin yanayi ba. Wani bincike na mutane 1000 a yankunan karkara a kudu maso yammacin Najeriya ya nuna cewa yawancin mazauna a yankunan suna da camfi game da canjin yanayi, kuma wadanda su ka amsa ba su da masaniya kan musabbabi da illolinsu na canjin yanayi.
Helga Deen
Tarihin rayuwa
An haife ta a shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da ashirin da biyar a Stettin (yau Szczecin a Poland ), ta girma a Tilburg a cikin Netherlands. A shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da arba'in da biyu ta shiga Majalisar Yahudawa ta Tilburg kuma ta yi aiki a sashin " Taimakon tashi » kuma almajiri ne a makarantar sakandare ta birnin  . A cikin Afrilu 1943 An kama ta tare da iyayenta kuma an aika ta zuwa sansanin taro na s-Hertogenbosch (wanda ake kira Camp Vught ), ta isa can a ranar 1 Yuni  inda ta kasance har zuwa Yuli . A lokacin da take tsare, tana ajiye littafin diary, tana ba da labarin rayuwarta ta yau da kullun a sansanin domin saurayinta ya san halin da take ciki a can  . Tana fatan aikinta zai kubutar da ita daga . A watan Yuli, Helga Deen ta rubuta a karo na ƙarshe a cikin littafin tarihinta, kafin a tura ta zuwa Sobibór ta Westerbork  tare da danginta inda aka kashe ta a lokacin da ta zo.16 juillet 194316 ga Yuli, 1943 . Tana da shekara 18.
Yadda littafin diary ya fita daga Camp Vught.
Jaridar
A cikin 2004, a kan mutuwar Kees van den Berg, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Holland, ɗansa Conrad ya samo a cikin takaddun shafuffukan diary na Helga Deen, wanda ya kasance masoyiyar ƙuruciyarsa. An ba da gudummawa ga Rukunin Tarihi na Yanki na Tilburg ta 'ya'yansa.
Yendountien Tiebekabe
Yendountien Tiebekabe (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga watan Janairu 1991) ɗan wasan tseren Togo ne. Ya halarci gasar tseren mita 100 a gasar wasannin guje-guje da tsalle-tsalle ta duniya ta shekarar 2015 a birnin Beijing na kasar Sin. A shekarar 2019, ya fafata a gasar tseren mita 100 na maza a gasar guje-guje da tsalle-tsalle ta duniya ta shekarar 2019 a Doha, Qatar. Ya fafata a zagayen share fage kuma bai samu damar shiga gasar ba.
Bikin Sasabobirim
Bikin Sasabobirim biki ne na shekara-shekara da sarakuna da al'ummar yankin gargajiya na Awuah-Domase ke yi a kusa da Sunyani a yankin Bono, a da yankin Brong Ahafo na Ghana. Akan yi bikin ne a watan Nuwamba. Wasu kuma sun ce ana yin bikin ne a watan Satumba.
Biki
A lokacin bikin, ana maraba baƙi don raba abinci da abin sha. Mutanen sun sanya kayan gargajiya kuma akwai durbar na sarakuna. Akwai kuma raye-raye da buge-buge.
Muhimmanci
Ana gudanar da wannan biki ne domin nuna wani lamari da ya faru a baya. Wannan biki na tunawa da wani basarake da ya shiga Yaa Asantewaa don yakar Turawa.
Kamel Madoun
Kamel Madoun (c. 1960 - 27 Nuwambar 2020), ɗan wasan ƙwallon hannu ne kuma koci na Aljeriya. Bayan ya shafe rayuwarsa ta buga wasa tare da NA Hussein Dey da tawagar ƙasar Algeria, ya zama koci, inda ya jagoranci ƙungiyoyi da dama a ƙasar Aljeriya da ma ƙasashen waje.
Kungiyar Kiristocin Najeriya
Ƙungiyar kiristoci ta Najeriya a taƙaice (CAN)undefined, ƙungiya ce mai jagorantar ɗaukacin mabiya addinin Kirista a Najeriya.
Tarihi
An kafa ƙungiyar Kiristoci ta Najeriya a shekarar 1976, kuma asalinta tana kunshe da Cocin Katolika da ƙungiyoyin Protestant ne, kawai. Koyaya, daga baya ta faɗaɗa ta haɗe da majami'un Pentecostal.
A shekara ta 2000, ƙungiyar CAN ta nuna rashin amincewa da tsarin shari'a a jihohin arewa. A cikin watan Fabrairun 2006, yayin da shugaban ƙungiyar, Akinola ya fitar da wata sanarwa da ke mayar da martani game da cin zarafin da Musulmi ke yi wa Kiristoci, inda ya shaida wa Musulmi cewa ba su da wani “abin da ke da alaƙa da tashin hankali”. Washegari Kiristoci sun yi tarzoma domin ramuwar gayya ga musulmi, wanda ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar mutane sama da 70. Daga baya Akinola, ya yi iƙirarin cewa an yi wa kalaman nasa mummunar fassara a ƙafafen yaɗa labarai na yammacin duniya. Har ma ya yi barazanar yin murabus idan har aka ci gaba da tada tarzoma.
An kashi mutane 630
A ranar 2 ga watan Mayu, 2004, an kashe Kiristoci fiye da 630 a Yelwa, Najeriya. Waɗanda suka mutun an bayyana mamatan a matsayin ‘yan ƙungiyar CAN ne. Kisan kiyashin ana tuna shi a matsayin; Kisan kiyashi a Yelwa.
A watan Satumbar 2007, ƙungiyar ta amince da wani shiri na zaman lafiya da Gwamnan Jihar Jigawa Sule Lamido ya gabatar.
Ƙungiya
Ƙungiyar ta kunshi kungiyoyi biyar; su ne Majalisar Kirista ta Najeriya, da Sakatariyar Katolika ta Najeriya, Pentecostal Fellowship of Nigeria, Organization of African Instituted Churches, da kuma Evangelical Church Winning All/Fellowship of Churches of Christ in Nigeria.
Ƙungiyar ta CAN tana da Mata da Matasa, Majalisar Zartarwa ta kasa mai kunshe da mambobi 105 (wanda sune ke zaɓen shugaban ƙungiyar), da manyan mambobi a babban zauren taron majalisar su 304 (waɗanda aka tabbatar a matsayin shugabannin gudanar da zaɓen shugaban ƙungiyar).
Bubacarr Ayuba
Bubacarr Jobe (an haife shi 21 ga watan Nuwambar 1994) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Gambiya wanda a halin yanzu yake bugawa ƙungiyar Norrby ta Sweden wasa.
Sana'a
Jobe ya koma Amurka a shekarar 2011, kuma ya fara bugawa Rush Soccer wasa tare da ɗan wasan gaba na Vancouver Whitecaps Kekuta Manneh. Koyaya, ya sami rauni ACL a farkon makonni na aikinsa a Amurka. Ya zira ƙwallaye huɗu a wasanni biyar a lokacin gasar Super-20 na shekarar 2012 don Force Football Club Academy, wanda ya sa aka sanya shi cikin Kungiyar Ƙwallon Ƙafa ta Duniya yayin da ya zama MVP kuma mai cin ƙwallaye. Ya zura kwallaye 10 a wasanni 27 don Texas Rush.
An kuma nada Jobe a shekarar 2014 Montgomery County Player of the Year, bayan da ya karya rikodin makarantar sakandaren Woodlands da ƙwallaye 31 a cikin kaka guda. Daga baya ya yi layi-up don ƙungiyar ci gaban Premier ta Austin Aztex, inda ya rubuta adadin ƙwallaye bakwai a cikin wasanni 12.
A cikin shekarar 2014, ya yi bayyana guda ɗaya don Wuta na Wuta na Chicago a cikin USL yayin da yake kan gwaji na kwanaki uku, kuma ya zira ƙwallaye ɗaya kawai a cikin nasara 1-0 akan Tasirin Tasirin Montreal.
Daga baya Jobe ya rattaba hannu kan ƙungiyar Toronto FC II a watan Agustan 2015, kuma ya fara halarta a karon farko a wasan da suka doke Richmond Kickers da ci 2-1 a ranar 15 ga Agustan 2015.
Phil Foden
Philip Walter Foden (An haife shi a ranar 28 ga watan Mayu shekarar dubu biyu(2000)), ne a England sana'arsa kwallon kafa yana taka leda a matsayin dan wasan tsakiya na Premier League a kulob din Manchester City da Ingila tawagar kasarsa.
Foden ya sami nasarar shiga ƙwallon ƙafa a cikin shekara ta dubu biyu da goma sha bakwai (2017),lokacin da ya ci kyautar( FIFA U-17), World Cup Golden Ball bayan nasarar da Ingila ta samu a gasar yan kasa da shekara( 17), na Kofin Duniya. Ya fara zama dan wasa na farko a City a wannan shekarar kuma a watan Disamba ne aka zabi gwarzon dan wasa na BBC na Shekarar.
Tun daga lokacin da Foden ya buga wasanni sama da( 100), a kungiyar, inda ya samu nasarar girmamawa har sau takwas ciki har da zama mafi karancin shekaru da ya samu lambar yabo ta Premier. A cikin shekara ta 2019, ya ci Firimiya karo na biyu kuma ya zama dan wasa mafi karancin shekaru da ya ci wa kungiyar kwallaye a gasar Zakarun Turai ta UEFA, kuma shi ne dan wasa mafi karancin shekaru a Ingila da ya fara wasa da zira kwallaye a wasannin zagayen gaba na gasar. A cikin shekara ta 2021, an lasafta shi a matsayin Premier Player of the Young of the Season da kuma PFA Young Player of the Year. Foden ya wakilci Ingila a matakan matasa da yawa, inda ya ci kwallaye (19), a wasanni( 51 ), na matasa. An fara kiran sa zuwa babbar kungiyar a ranar (25), watan Agustan shekara ta (2020), kuma ya buga wasan farko da Iceland (5 ), Satumbar a shekara ta ( 2020), a nasarar da aka tashi( 1-0 ),a UEFA Nations League.
Farkon aiki
An Haife shi a Stockport, Greater Manchester, Foden ya kasance mai goyon bayan ƙuruciya ga Manchester City. Ya shiga kulob din yana da shekara hudu kuma ya sanya hannu a kan karatunsa na Kwalejin a watan Yulin shekara ta (2016), Yayi karatun kansa a Kwalejin St Bede, tare da biyan kuɗin karatunsa daga Manchester City. A ranar( 6), ga watan Disambar shekara ta (2016), babban kocin City Pep Guardiola ya sanya Foden a cikin jerin 'yan wasan da za su fafata a gasar zakarun Turai tare da Celtic ; ya kasance ba a maye gurbinsa ba a cikin wasan gidan( 1-1).
Lokacin 2017-18
A watan Yulin shekara ta (2017), Foden ya kasance cikin tawagar Manchester City don ziyarar kulob din a shirye shiryen tunkarar kakar wasa ta Amurka, inda ya yi rawar gani a rashin nasarar( 0-2) da suka samu a hannun Manchester United sannan kuma ya fara wasan da ci (4-1 ) a kan Real. Madrid.
Bayan da ya buga wasanni da yawa a kan benci a farkon kakar wasannin( 2017zuwa2018), Foden ya fara buga wa Manchester City wasa a ranar (21 )ga watan Nuwamba a shekara ta ( 2017) a wasan cin Kofin Zakarun Turai da Feyenoord, yana zuwa a minti na (75) don Yaya Touré. Ya zama ɗan saurayi ɗan Ingila na huɗu don ya bayyana a Gasar Zakarun Turai (shekaru 17 177). A ranar (6 )ga watan Disamba a shekara ta( 2017), Foden ya karya rikodin da Josh McEachran ya yi a baya don zama ƙaramin ɗan wasan Ingila, yana da shekaru 17 da kwanaki 192, don farawa a wasan UEFA Champions League, yana yin hakan a cikin rashin nasara( 2-1 ), ga Shakhtar Donetsk  Ya kuma zama ɗan wasa na farko da aka haifa a shekara ta (2000 ),don fara wasa a gasar. Ya fara buga wasan farko na Premier a matsayin canji a wasan da suka ci (4-1 ),a kan Tottenham Hotspur a ranar( 16 )ga watan Disamba a shekara ta (2017), ya bayyana a minti na 83rd don İlkay Gündoğan.