cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Ibrahim Hussaini Doko
Ibrahim Hussaini Doko (24 Satumba 1962) malami ne na Najeriya, malami, mai gudanarwa, kuma memba a Hukumar Gudanarwa na Majalisar Bincike da Ci Gaban Raw Materials, Nigeria. A halin yanzu an nada shi a matsayin darekta-janar kuma babban jami'in zartarwa na Majalisar Bincike da Ci Gaban Raw Materials Research and Development Council, yana yin wa'adi biyu daga 2014 zuwa 2019 kuma a halin yanzu ya karɓi ofis a cikin Afrilu 2019. Ya maye gurbin Peter Azikwe Onwualu a karo na farko a shekarar 2014.
Karatu
Ya halarci Makarantar Firamare ta Arewacin Doko daga 1968 kuma ya kammala makarantar Sakandare ta Gwamnati da ke Kontagora a 1979 inda ya samu takardar shaidar kammala jarrabawar Afirka ta Yamma da bajintar da ya yi. Ya kammala karatunsa na digiri a Jami’ar Ahmadu Bello da ke Zariya a shekarar 1984 inda ya yi digirinsa na farko a fannin Kimiyya da Fasaha da kere-kere, inda ya samu kyautar Oba na Benin a matsayin Mafi kyawun dalibi a Sashen saboda kwazonsa, sannan kuma ya yi digirin digirgir a fannin Kimiyya da Fasaha a Jami’ar Leeds. 1993.
An kuma ba shi lambar yabo ta British Council Academic Fellowship a,19e86, lambar yabo ta Commonwealth a 1988 kuma an karrama shi Babban Kwamandan Matasan Afirka a Majalisar Matasan Afirka a 2004.
Aiki
Husseini ya samu aiki a matsayin mataimakin digiri a jami'ar Ahmadu Bello da ke Zaria bayan ya samu takardar shedar bautar kasa ta kasa a majalisar fasaha da al'adu ta jihar Borno a shekarar 1985 kuma bayan wasu shekaru ya zama malami I. A 1993 ya shiga aikin Raw Materials. Majalisar Bincike da Ci gaba a matsayin babban jami'in kimiyya kuma a cikin 1996 ya zama shugaban sashin Babban Ofishin Kimiyya.
Daga baya aka kara masa girma zuwa mataimakin darakta mai kula da bincike, tantancewa da sa ido; A wannan matsayi ya kasance mai kula da ofishin Coordinating and Investment Promotion and Consultancy Departments ofishin, kuma ya rike mukamin na karshe kafin nada shi a shekarar 2013 a matsayin darakta mai riko ya kasance darakta a sashen sarrafa sinadarai na masana'antu da ma'adinai.
Majalisar Bincike da Raw Materials Research and Development Council ta tabbatar da shi a matsayin Darakta-Janar a cikin Maris 2014, kafin nan ya yi aiki a cikin kwamitocin kwamitoci da yawa duka biyu na ministoci da majalissar zartarwa daga cikinsu akwai;
Rayuwa
Yana da yara biyar da matar shi
Steve Jobs
Steve Jobs Steven Paul Jobs Shi ne wanda ya kafa, shugaba, kuma shugaban kamfanin Apple; shugaban kuma mafi yawan masu hannun jari na Pixar; memba na kwamitin gudanarwa na Kamfanin Walt Disney biyo bayan sayan Pixar da wanda ya kafa, shugaba, da Shugaba na NeXT. Ya kasance majagaba na juyin juya halin kwamfuta na sirri na shekarun 1970 da 1980, tare da abokin kasuwancinsa na farko kuma abokin hadin gwiwar Apple Steve Wozniak
Jerin yaƙe-yaƙe da adadin waɗanda suka mutu
Wannan jerin yaƙe-yaƙe ne da adadin waɗanda suka mutu ya haɗa da duk mace-macen da suka faru a wajen yaƙe-yaƙe kai tsaye ko kuwa a fakaice. Waɗannan mace-mace yawanci sun haɗa da mutuwar jami'an sojoji waɗanda suka mutu sakamakon yaƙi kai tsaye ko wasu harkokin yaƙair soja, sannan da kuma mutuwar sojoji a sakamakon annoban da yaƙi ya haifar, yunwa, kisan-kiyashi, kisan kare dangi, da dai sauransu.
Yaƙe-yaƙe na dā (kafin 500 AD)
Note 1: The geometric mean is the middle of the quoted range, taken by multiplying together the endpoints and then taking the square root.
Yaƙunan shekarun baya (500–1500 AD)
La'akari: ba'a iya tantance cikakkun bayanai akan wani yaki a wasu lokutab, sannan wasu yakunan sun wanzu har tsawon rayuwar mutane, misali.
"Reconquista" (711–1492, shekaru 781)
"Mamayer Musulmai a kasashen Indiya" (12th zuwa 16th c., tsawon shekaru 500)
"Crusades" (kamfe goma ko fiye da haka a tsakanin 1095–1291, tsawon shekaru 196),
"Harin Mongol da mamaye yankin" (1206–1368, tsawon shekaru),
"Mamayewar Musulunci na baya baya" (622–750, tsawon shekaru 128),
"Yakin shekaru dari" (1337–1453, tsawon shekaru 115).
Spencer Barrett (masanin juyin halitta)
Spencer Charles Hilton Barrett (an haife shi a watan Yunin 7, 1948) masanin ilimin juyin halitta ne na kasar  Kanada, wanda ya kasance Shugaban Bincike na Kanada a Jami'ar Toronto, a cikin 2010, an kira shi Babban Farfesa a Jami'ar Stellenbosch.
Ilimi
Barrett ya sami ilimi a Jami'ar Karatu da Jami'ar California, Berkeley, inda aka ba shi PhD a 1977  don bincike kan tsarin kiwo na shuke-shuke Eichhornia da Pontederia . Herbert Baker ne ya kula da shi.
Bincike da aiki
Bukatun Barrett suna cikin ilimin halittun juyin halitta, kwayoyin halitta na juyin halitta, ilimin halitta da kuma haifuwar tsirrai. Bincikensa yana neman fahimtar yadda furanni ke tasowa da kuma irin hanyoyin da ke da alhakin sauye-sauyen tsarin jima'i a cikin tsire-tsire masu furanni. Tun daga 2017, ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Edita na Proceedings of the Royal Society series B, mujallar kimiyya ta flagship na Royal Society.
Barrett masanin ilimin juyin halitta ne kuma mai iko a duniya kan ilimin halittu da kwayoyin halittar tsiro. Ayyukansa sun mayar da hankali kan ƙara fahimtar yadda furanni ke tasowa da kuma hanyoyin da ke da alhakin sauye-sauyen tsarin mating a cikin tsire-tsire masu furanni.
Barrett ya ba da shaidar gwaji ta farko don kawar da ƙwayoyin halitta masu lalacewa bayan haɓakar tsire-tsire. Ya kuma nuna cewa hadi da kai saboda manyan baje kolin furanni a cikin tsirrai na iya yin illa ga haifuwar namiji. Ƙungiyar bincike ta Barrett a Jami'ar Toronto ta mayar da hankali kan fahimtar hanyoyin da ke da alhakin juyin halittar dabarun shuka, kuma ya shirya littattafai masu yawa a cikin filin.
Kyaututtuka da karramawa
An zaɓi Barrett a matsayin ɗan'uwa na Royal Society of Canada a 1998 kuma ɗan'uwan Royal Society of London a 2004. Ya kasance Shugaban {ungiyar Kanadiya don Ecology da Juyin Halitta daga 2010 zuwa 2011.
A shekara ta 2006, Ƙungiyar Botanical ta Kanada ta ba shi lambar yabo ta George Lawson don samun nasarar rayuwa a fannin ilimin kiwo. A cikin 2008 ya sami lambar yabo ta Sewall Wright daga Ƙungiyar 'Yan Adam ta Amirka. A cikin 2014, ya sami Medal Flavelle daga Royal Society of Canada. A cikin 2020 Linnean Society of London ta ba shi lambar yabo ta Darwin – Wallace.
A cikin Afrilu 2020 an zaɓi Spencer Barrett Memba na Ƙasashen Duniya (Mataimaki na Ƙasashen waje) na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Ƙasa.
Voltaire
François-Marie Arouet
(an haife shi 21 Nuwamba 1694 - 30 Mayu 1778) marubuci ne na Haskakawa na Faransa, masanin falsafa (philosophe) kuma masanin tarihi. An san shi da sunan sa de plume M. de Voltaire Faransanci, ya kasance. shahararriyar hikimarsa, baya ga sukar da ya yi wa Kiristanci—musamman ma Cocin Roman Katolika—da kuma bauta. Voltaire ya kasance mai fafutukar 'yancin fadin albarkacin baki, 'yancin yin addini da kuma raba coci da jiha.
Voltaire ya kasance ƙwararren marubuci kuma ƙwararren marubuci, yana samar da ayyuka a kusan kowane nau'i na adabi, gami da wasan kwaikwayo, waƙoƙi, litattafai, kasidu, tarihi, amma har da baje-kolin kimiyya. Ya rubuta haruffa sama da 20,000 da littattafai da ƙasidu 2,000. Voltaire ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin mawallafa na farko da suka zama mashahuri da cin nasara a kasuwanci a duniya. Ya kasance mai fafutukar kare hakkin jama'a kuma yana cikin kasada akai-akai daga tsauraran dokokin sa ido na masarautar Katolika ta Faransa. Manufofinsa sun yi watsi da rashin haƙuri da akidar addini, da kuma cibiyoyin Faransa na zamaninsa. Babban sanannun aikinsa da magnum opus, Candide, marubuci ne wanda ke yin sharhi, suka da ba'a da yawa abubuwan da suka faru, masu tunani da falsafar zamaninsa, musamman Gottfried Leibniz da kuma imaninsa cewa duniyarmu ita ce "mafi kyawun duk duniya mai yuwuwa"
manazarta
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltaire
Adam Driver
Adam Douglas Driver (an haife shi Nuwamba 19, 1983) ɗan wasan Amurka ne. An san shi da haɗin gwiwarsa da masu shirya fina-finai, shi ne wanda ya karɓi lambobin yabo daban-daban, ciki har da nadin nadi na biyu Academy Awards, hudu Primetime Emmy Awards, da Tony Award.
Driver ya fara halartan sa na Broadway a cikin Sana'ar Misis Warren (2010) kuma daga baya ya fito a cikin Man and Boy (2011). Ya tashi don yin fice tare da rawar tallafi a cikin jerin 'yan mata na HBO (2012 – 2017), wanda ya sami nadin na Emmy na Firayim Minista guda uku a jere. Ya fara aikinsa na fim don tallafawa ayyuka a cikin Steven Spielberg's Lincoln (2012), Noah Baumbach's Frances Ha (2012), da 'yan uwan ​​Coen' Inside Llewyn Davis (2013). Ya lashe Kofin Volpi don Mafi kyawun Jarumin don rawar da ya taka a cikin Hungry Hearts (2014). Driver ya sami ƙarin ƙwarewa don kunna Kylo Ren a cikin Star Wars mabiyi trilogy (2015-2019). Ya buga mawaƙi a cikin Jim Jarmusch's Paterson (2016), kuma yana da gudummawar tallafi a cikin Silence na addini na Martin Scorsese (2016) da Steven Soderbergh's heist comedy Logan Lucky (2017). A cikin 2019, ya koma mataki a cikin farfadowar Broadway na Burn Wannan, wanda aka zabe shi don Kyautar Tony Award don Mafi kyawun ɗan wasan kwaikwayo a cikin Wasa. Ya sami kyautar lambar yabo ta Academy a jere: Mafi kyawun ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Spike Lee's BlackKkKlansman (2018) da Mafi kyawun ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Labarin Aure na Nuhu Baumbach (2019).[1] Tun daga lokacin ya yi tauraro a cikin fina-finan lokacin Ridley Scott, The Last Duel da House of Gucci (duka 2021), da Baumbach's satire White Noise (2022).
Kuruciya
An haifi direba a watan Nuwamba 19, 1983, a San Diego, California, ɗan Nancy Wright (née Needham), ɗan shari'a, da Direban Joe Douglas. Yana da zuriyar Dutch, Turanci, Jamusanci, Irish da zuriyar Scotland.[9][mafi kyawun tushe da ake buƙata] Iyalin mahaifinsa daga Arkansas ne kuma dangin mahaifiyarsa daga Indiana ne. Mahaifinsa, Rodney G. Wright, mai hidima ne a cocin Baptist. Lokacin da Direba yana ɗan shekara bakwai, ya ƙaura tare da ƙanwarsa da mahaifiyarsa zuwa garin mahaifiyarsa Mishawaka, Indiana, inda ya sauke karatu a makarantar Mishawaka a 2001. Direba ya tashi Baftisma, kuma ya rera waƙa a cikin mawaƙa a coci.
Jim kadan bayan harin na 11 ga Satumba, Direban ya shiga cikin Rundunar Sojojin ruwa ta Amurka. An sanya shi zuwa Kamfanin Makamai, Bataliya ta daya, Marines ta daya a matsayin mutum turmi 81mm. Ya yi aiki na tsawon shekaru biyu da watanni takwas kafin ya samu karyewar kashin bayansa a lokacin da yake hawan keke. An sallame shi a likitanci tare da matsayin Lance Corporal.
Daga baya, Direba ya halarci Jami'ar Indianapolis na tsawon shekara guda kafin ya sake sauraron Juilliard, wannan lokacin ya yi nasara. Ya samu labarin da aka karbe shi yayin da yake aiki a Cibiyar Rarraba Target a Indianapolis. Direban ya ce abokan karatunsa suna ganinsa a matsayin mutum mai ban tsoro kuma mai ban tsoro, kuma ya yi ƙoƙari ya shiga salon rayuwa da ya bambanta da na sojojin ruwa[15]. Ya kasance memba na Rukunin Drama Division 38 daga 2005 zuwa 2009, inda ya sadu da matarsa ​​ta gaba, Joanne Tucker. Ya sauke karatu tare da Bachelor of Fine Arts a 2009.
Emotion
Emotions sune jihohin tunani da canje-canje na neurophysiological ke kawowa, daban-daban masu alaƙa da tunani, ji, amsa ɗabi'a, da matakin jin daɗi ko rashin jin daɗi. A halin yanzu babu yarjejeniya ta kimiyya akan ma'anar. Sau da yawa motsin rai yana haɗuwa tare da yanayi, hali, hali, ko kerawa.
A wasu ra'ayoyin, fahimta abu ne mai mahimmanci na motsin rai. Wasu ra'ayoyin, duk da haka, suna da'awar cewa motsin rai ya bambanta da kuma yana iya gaba da fahimta. Fuskar da hankali a hankali yana nuna wakilcin tunani na wannan motsin rai daga wani abin da ya gabata ko na hasashe, wanda ke da alaƙa baya ga yanayin abun ciki na jin daɗi ko rashin jin daɗi. Jihohin abun ciki an kafa su ta hanyar bayyani na gogewa, suna kwatanta yanayin ciki.
Sofian Benzouien
Tarihin Rayuwa
Dan wasan matasa na kasar Maroko a Gasar Matasa ta Duniya ta 2005, Benzouien ya taka leda a matasa da kungiyoyin Anderlecht, Beringen-Heusden-Zolder da Brussels. A cikin watan Janairu 2007, ya tafi zuwa ƙungiyar Sipaniya Racing de Santander B (ƙungiyar ajiyar Racing de Santander)
A watan Agusta 2007, ya shiga Perugia na Seria C1. Bayan buga wasanni 4 kawai a kakar 2007–08, kuma bai yi nasara ba a kakar 2008–09, ya soke kwantiraginsa da kulob ɗin bisa amincewar juna.
A cikin watan Janairu 2009, ya tafi kulob ɗin Eupen a Belgian Second Division. A cikin watan Yuli 2010, ya sanya hannu a kulob din F91 Dudelange a cikin Luxembourg National Division. Ya buga wa Dudelange wasa har zuwa karshen kakar wasa ta 2018-19.
Aikin kasa da kasa
Dan wasan U20 na Morocco, Benzouien an kira shi zuwa Maroko U23 don wasan sada zumunci, don shirya gasar CAF ta maza kafin gasar Olympics ta 2008.
Bayan aiki
A lokacin rani na 2019, Benzouien ya koma Luxembourger kulob na biyu na Swift Hesperange, inda ya zama darektan wasanni kuma ya kasance yana samuwa ga ƙungiyar don ƙarin kakar wasa a matsayin mai kunnawa. Kulob din ya rabu da Benzouien a watan Satumbar 2022.
Ogboja
Wannan Kauye ne a Karamar Hukumar Odena dake a Jihar Ogun a Nijeriya.
Michael B. Jordan
Michael Bakari Jordan (An haifeshi 9 ga Fabarairu a shekarar 1987) dan wasan kwaikawaiyon Amurka ne, mai shiryawa ne kuma mai bada umarni.
Tarihi
An haifi Micheal Bakari Jordan a ranan 9 ga watan Fabarairu a shekarar 1987 a Santa Ana dake jahar Kalifoniya[2], iyayenshi Donna da Micheal A. Jordan. Iyalin Jordan sunyi shekara 2 a Kalifoniya kafin su koma Newark dake jahar New Jersey. . Yayi karatu a makarantar gaba da sakandire ta zane-zane ta Newark inda mahaifiyar shi tayi aiki kuma shi yayi kwallon hannu. Jordan ya zauna a Las Anjalas a tun shekarar 2006.
Ahmad (Suna)
Ahmad (Larabci: أحمد, romanized: ʾAḥmad) na mijin Larabci ne da aka fi sani da suna a mafi yawan sassan duniyar musulmi. Sauran rubutun sunan sun hada da Ahmed da Ahmet.
Asali
Kalmar ta samo asali ne daga tushen ح م د ( ḥ-m-d ), daga Larabci أَحْمَدَ ( ʾaḥmad ), daga kalmar aikatau حَمِدَ ( ḥameda, "godiya ko yabo"), wanda ba na baya ba يَحْمَدُ (yaḥmadu). A matsayin sunan Larabci, ya samo asali ne daga annabcin kur'ani da aka jingina ga Isah a cikin Alqur'ani 61:6 wanda mafi yawan malaman Musulunci suka yarda da shi game da Muhammadu. Har ila yau, tushe ɗaya ne da Mahmud, Muhammad da Hamed. A cikin fassaran sa, sunan yana da ɗaya daga cikin mafi girman adadin bambancin harufa a duniya,Ko da yake malaman Musulunci suna danganta sunan Ahmed ga Muhammadu, amma ita kanta ayar tana magana ne game da wani Manzo mai suna Ahmed, alhali Muhammadu shi ne Manzo-Annabi.
Wasu hadisai na Musulunci suna kallon sunan Ahmad a matsayin wani sunan da aka ba Muhammadu a lokacin da mahaifiyarsa ta haife shi, wanda Musulmai ke la'akari da shi a matsayin mafi ɓoyayyen sunan Muhammadu kuma tsakiyar fahimtar yanayinsa. Tsawon ƙarnuka da yawa, wasu malaman Musulunci sun ba da shawarar daidaita sunan yana cikin kalmar 'Paraclete' daga rubutun Littafi Mai-Tsarki,[5][6][7] ko da yake wannan ra'ayi ba na duniya ba ne idan aka yi la'akari da fassarorin, ma'anoni da ilimin asalinsu.
Fassara da kuma Ma'anar Sunan Ahmad
Ayar da ke cikin Kur'ani mai girma ta siffanta sunan, ta siffanta ko bayyana wanda zai bi Yesu. A cikin jawabinsa na ban kwana ga almajiransa, Yesu ya yi alkawari cewa zai “aika da Ruhu Mai Tsarki” zuwa gare su bayan tafiyarsa, a cikin Yohanna 15:26 yana cewa: “wanda ni zan aiko muku daga wurin Uba, Ruhun gaskiya kuma. ... za su shaide ni." Yohanna 14:17 ta ce “[ko] Ruhun gaskiya, wanda duniya ba za ta iya karba ba: gama ba ta ganinsa, ba ta kuma san shi ba: kun san shi: gama yana zaune tare da ku, zai kuma kasance a cikinku.
Badr El Kaddouri
Badr El Kaddouri (an haife shi a ranar 31 ga watan Janairu a shekara ta 1981) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Morocco mai ritaya, wanda ya buga wasan ƙarshe a ƙungiyar Dinamo Kyiv ta Ukrainian Premier League. Ya kuma kasance ɗan kasar Morocco na kasa da kasa. El Kaddouri ya kasance dan baya na hagu amma kuma yana iya buga tsakiya na hagu idan an bukata.
Wydad Casablanca
El Kaddouri ya fara aikinsa a Wydad Casablanca a shekara ta 2000. A cikin shekarar 2001, ya taimaka wa kulob din ta lashe gasar cin kofin Morocco. A kakar wasa ta gaba, ya shiga Dynamo Kyiv.
Ferrari Testarossa
Ferrari Testarossa, wanda aka gabatar a cikin 1984, alamar mota ce ta shekarun 1980, sanannen zane mai ban mamaki da kuma bayyanarsa a cikin shahararrun al'adu.
Badr El Kaddouri
Dynamo Kyiv
El Kaddouri ya koma Dynamo Kyiv a shekara ta 2002 kuma, har zuwa lokacin da ya koma Celtic a matsayin aro a shekara ta 2011, yana daya daga cikin 'yan wasan da suka fi dadewa a kungiyar. Ya fara wasansa na farko tare da Dynamo a ranar 17 ga watan Agusta a shekara ta 2002 a cikin nasara da ci 3–1 akan Volyn Lutsk. Yayin da yake kulob din, ya lashe gasar Premier hudu na Ukrainian, Kofin Ukrainian hudu da Kofin Super Cup na Ukraine biyar. Ya bayyana a wasanni 123 na lig yayin da yake jagorantar kungiyar lokaci-lokaci.
Celtic
A ranar 31 ga watan Agusta a shekara ta 2011, El Kaddouri ya rattaba hannu a kulob din Celtic na Premier na Scotland kan yarjejeniyar lamuni na watanni shida tare da zabin siya. Shi ne dan kasar Morocco na farko da ya taba bugawa Celtic wasa. An kawo shi a matsayin ya maye Emilio Izaguirre, wanda ya sami rauni na dogon lokaci. A ranar 10 ga watan Satumba a shekara ta 2011, El Kaddouri ya fara halartan wasa a Celtic a ci 4-0 akan Motherwell. Ya ci wa Celtic kwallonsa ta farko a wasan Old Firm derby wasan da suka yi da Rangers a ranar 18 ga watan Satumba a shekara ta 2011 kuma ya buga wa kungiyar Scotland wasanni 6 kafin ya koma Dynamo Kyiv a watan Janairun shekarar 2012.
Ferrari Testarossa
Ƙarƙashin murfin injin baya ya ta'allaka ne da injin 4.9-lebur-12, yana ba da aiki mai ban sha'awa da bayanin injin da ba za a manta ba. Babban gudun Testarossa da iya aiki ya sa ya zama wuri a cikin manyan manyan motoci na lokacinsa.
Badr El Kaddouri
Aikin kasa da kasa
El Kaddouri dai ya buga wa kasarsa wasanni 45 kuma ya kasance mai taka-leda a kasar. Ya kuma yi takara a gasar bazara ta shekarar 2004 tare da tawagar Olympics ta Morocco.
Kulob
Wydad Casablanca
Dynamo Kyiv
Dennis Banda
Dennis Banda (an haife shi a ranar 10 ga watan Disamba 1988 a Lusaka) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Zambia da Green Buffaloes a Zambia. Yana da shawarwari da yawa don yin wasa a kakar wasa ta 2010/11 a Turai ko Kudancin Amurka inda wakilin FIFA Marcelo Houseman ke aiki akan yarjejeniyoyin da yawa. Ya buga wa babbar kungiyar wasa sau 29 ciki har da wasannin neman cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin duniya da kuma gasar cin kofin kasashen Afrika.
Michael Phelps
Michael Phelps Tsohon dan wasan gasar wanka ne na kasar amurka.
Dennis Banda
Ayyukan kasa
Ya buga wa tawagar kasar Zambia kuma ya buga wa kasarsa wasa a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA U-20 ta shekarar 2007 a Canada.
Arukuyan
Arukuyan kauye ne a karamar hukumar Remo North dake jihar Ogun, Nigeria.
Elewele
Elewele kauye ne a karamar hukumar iseyin na jihar oyo
Knitta Don Allah
Knitta Don Allah,wanda kuma aka sani da kawai Knitta, ƙungiyar masu fasaha ce waɗanda suka fara motsin "saƙa rubutu" a Houston, Texas a 2005. An san su da dunƙule gine-ginen jama'a — misali fitilu, mitocin ajiye motoci, sandunan tarho,da sigina — tare da kayan saƙa,wani tsari da aka sani da "saƙaƙƙen rubutu", "sarkin zaren" ko " yarnbombing ". Manufar ita ce yin fasahar titi "kadan mai dumi da ban sha'awa."
Knitta ta girma zuwa mambobi goma sha ɗaya a ƙarshen 2007, amma daga ƙarshe ta ragu zuwa ga wanda ya kafa shi,Magda Sayeg,wanda ke ci gaba da tafiya tare da saƙa da rubutu.A duniya baki daya,kusan kungiyoyi goma sha biyu sun bi sahun Knitta. Sayeg da kungiyar sun nuna fasaharsu a fadin Amurka da ma duniya baki daya.
Tarihi
Sunan ƙungiyar da sunayen laƙabi na membobin sun sami wahayi ne ta hanyar sha'awar "kamar rubutu,amma tare da kayan sakawa". Ƙungiya ta haɗu da ƙamus ɗin fasaha tare da salon hip-hop, sannan suka canza rubutun "don wakiltar masu fasahar tituna na gargajiya". PolyCotN da AKrylik sun fito da sunayensu, sannan suka kirkiri suna ga sauran membobin. Wasu tsoffin sunayen memba sun haɗa da Knotorious NIT, SonOfaStitch da P-Knitty.
A shekara ta 2007, membobin Knitta sun girma mambobi goma sha biyu kuma an kiyasta ƙungiyoyi biyar zuwa goma sha biyu a duniya. A shekara ta 2009,an sami matsala, a cewar Sydney, marubucin Australia kuma masanin Emily Howes, wanda ta gano ƙungiyoyi a Scandinavia, Japan,Afirka ta Kudu,da Amurka. Koyaya, kasancewa memba a Knitta daga ƙarshe ya ragu,ya bar wanda ya kafa.
Zane
Yawancin lokaci ana yin alama a daren Juma'a da safiyar Lahadi, Knitta taggers suna barin alamar takarda akan kowane aiki, mai ɗauke da taken "knitta don Allah" ko "whaddup knitta?". Sun sanya alamar bishiyu,fitulu, dogo,masu kashe gobara, abubuwan tarihi da sauran abubuwan da ake hari a birane, Wani sanannen yanki kuma ya haɗa da rataye saƙan jakunkuna akan wayar tarho ta iska. Ma'aikatan za su yi bikin hutu ta hanyar yin aikin jigo, ta yin amfani da,alal misali, zaren ruwan hoda don guntun ranar soyayya da yarn mai walƙiya don Sabuwar Shekara. Lokacin da Knitta ba ya aiki tare da jigo,za su yi aiki a kan ayyuka,suna sanya takamaiman manufa ko takamaiman wurare. Kungiyar da mabiyansu suna daukar rubutunsu "hanyar kawata sararin samaniya". Koyaya,ana ɗaukar irin wannan aikin a matsayin ɓarna a wasu jihohin Amurka. A cikin 2006 ƙungiyar ta yanke shawarar ziyartar New York City,inda suka yi babban sikelin su na farko. Daga baya waccan shekarar,ta yi amfani da fiye da 50 ft na kayan saƙa da aka ba da gudummawar da masu sa kai na jerin aikawasiku na ma'aikatan jirgin suka bayar,sun naɗe rabin saman layin dogo na Seattle. Knitta ta kuma yi kira ga wasu a duk faɗin Amurka da su yi tagging da aika hotuna.
Don wani babban aikin, ƙungiyar ta yiwa dukkan bishiyoyi 25 a tsakiyar Allen Parkway a Houston don faretin Mota na shekara-shekara a watan Mayun 2006,tare da naɗe su cikin barguna masu tsayi ƙafa biyu da tsayin ƙafa biyu da rabi. Shekara guda bayan haka,an gayyace su zuwa Otal ɗin Standard a Los Angeles, wanda ke ba da sabis ga abokin ciniki mara kyau, don sawa akwatin gilashin da ke nuna ƙira da ra'ayoyi masu tasowa.
Don bikin cika shekaru 60 na Bergère de France, wanda ya fara kera yarn na Faransa, kamfanin ya gayyaci Knitta zuwa Paris don "farfado da shimfidar wurare na birane tare da saƙa". Yayin da suke can,sun kuma tagged Notre Dame de Paris. An kuma ga aikin Knitta a London, Sydney, Rome, Milan, Prague, Sweden, Montreal, Mexico City, El Salvador, Netherlands, Jamus, Luxembourg da kuma saman babban bangon China.
Nassoshi
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Mutanen Chakosi
Kabilar Chakosi ƴan ƙabilar Akan ne waɗanda suka gano asalinsu zuwa wani yanki a kasar Ivory Coast a wani wuri da suke kira Anou ko Ano. Don haka suna kiran kansu da harshensu Anufo “mutanen Anu”. Suna zaune a kasashe uku: Ghana, Benin da Togo. Ya zuwa 2003 suna da yawan jama'a 137,600. Ruwayoyi na baka sun nuna cewa sun kasance a Ghana da Togo ba a wuce karni na 18 ba kuma sun kasance mayaka a yanayi kuma sun yi fadace-fadace guda biyu ciki har da wadanda suka taimaka wa al'ummar Gonja da Mamprusi wajen gina Masarautar Mamprusi. Suna da sunaye kamar Amoin, Akisie (Agishie), Kouasi, Adjoah, Amlan (Amanna) Ouwe, Yao, Koffi, Afoueh, N'gisah duk suna nuna sunayen zamanin Mueneh (Lahadi), Cishe (Litinin), Djore (Talata), Mana (Laraba), Ohue (Alhamis), Ya (Jumma'a) da Fue (Asabar) Kwa Chakosi suna magana da yaren Akan Chakosi.
Farkon karni na 18
Ya bayyana cewa hijira a farkon karni na 18 ya haɗu da mahayan dawakan Mande da malamansu daga Arewa da kuma mutanen Akan daga Gabas.
Tare da ƴan asalin Ndenyi, an haɗa su zuwa mutane ɗaya tare da yare da al'adu masu gauraye.
Tsakiyar karni na 18
A tsakiyar karni na 18, wasu ƴan ƴan haya sun bar Ano zuwa yankin Upper West, yankin Gabas ta Gabas, da yankin Arewa. Ƙungiyar ta ƙunshi mahayan dawakan Mande, da sojojin ƙafa na Akan masu ɗorewa, da wasu malaman musulmi masu yin layya. Wadannan kungiyoyi sun samar da ginshiki ga al'ummar da ta kasu kashi uku ko ajujuwa: Sarakuna, Talakawa da Musulmai.
Daga karshe dai kananan sojoji sun kafa sansani a gabar kogin Oti inda garin Mango na kasar Togo yake a yau. Da yake su mayaka ne ba manoma ba, sun yi rayuwarsu ta hanyar kai farmaki a cikin al’ummomin da ke kusa da su. Hakan ya samar musu da mata da bayi da kayan abinci da dabbobi. A ƙarshe mutanen suka zauna a yankunan da ke kewaye da manoma, kuma an yi kama da juna.
Sakamakon wasan kwallon kafa na mata na Nijar
Tawagar ƙwallon ƙafar mata ta Nijar ita ce wakiliyar kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta ƙasar Nijar. Hukumar da ke jagorantar hukumar ita ce hukumar kwallon kafa ta Nijar (FENIFOOT) kuma tana fafatawa a matsayin mamba a hukumar kwallon kafar Afirka CAF.
Aikin farko na ƙungiyar kasar shi ne a shekarar 2007, lokacin da suka fafata a gasar Tournoi de Cinq Nations da aka gudanar a birnin Ouagadougou. A ranar 2 ga watan Satumba, sun yi rashin nasara a hannun Burkina Faso da ci 0–10. A halin yanzu Nijar tana matsayi na shekarar 164 a jerin sunayen mata na duniya na FIFA.
Joseph Mathunjwa
Rayuwar farko da aiki
An haifi Mathunjwa a Amathikulu, arewacin KwaZulu-Natal, Afirka ta Kudu kuma aikinsa na farko ya kasance ma'aikacin Laboratory a 1986 a Rand Coal inda yake samun tsakanin R300 zuwa R400 a wata. Sha'awarsa ga kungiyoyin kwadago ya zo ne lokacin da ya ga ana korar mutane ba tare da kamfanoni sun yi kokarin ceton ayyukansu ba, Ritaya ta farko da ya yi yaki ta Kotun Ma'aikata ya kasance a BHP Billiton a 2005 kuma ya ci nasara a shari'ar da shi da AMCU suka fara.
A watan Agustan 2022, yayin wani jawabi Mathunjwa ya ce Afirka ta Kudu ta fi aiki a lokacin wariyar launin fata a karkashin fararen fata, fiye da yadda take a halin yanzu.
Rayuwa ta sirri
Mathunjwa Kirista ne kuma yana halartar Sojojin Ceto saboda haka yana iya buga ƙaho kuma yana iya karanta kiɗa. Mawaki ne mai kyau.
Elisha Owusu
Elisha Owusu (an haife shi a ranar 7 ga watan Nuwamba shekara alif ɗari tara da saba'in da bakwai 1997A) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya ga ƙungiyar farko ta Belgium Gent. An haife shi a Faransa, yana buga wa tawagar kasar Ghana wasa.
Aikin kulob
Owusu samfurin ɗin matasa ne na Olympique Lyonnais, ya shiga cikin shekarar, 2010 kuma ya zama kyaftin na gefen ajiyar su. A ranar 23 ga watan Fabrairu a shekara ta, 2017, Owusu ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin ƙwararru na farko tare da Lyon na shekaru 3. A ranar 19 ga watan Yuni a shekara ta, 2018, an ba da shi aro a kakar zuwa Sochaux. Ya fara wasansa na ƙwararru tare da Sochaux a rashin nasara da ci 1-0 a gasar Ligue 2 a Grenoble Foot 38 a ranar  27 ga watan Yuli a shekara ta, 2018.
Ayyukan kasa
An haife shi a Faransa, Owusu dan asalin Ghana ne. Ya buga wasa a tawagar Ghana a wasan neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya da Najeriya da ci 1-1 da Najeriya a ranar 29 ga watan Maris a shekara ta, 2022, sakamakon da ya taimaka wa Ghana samun tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta shekarar, 2022.
Masallacin Yamma
Masallacin Yaama ( مسجد اليمه  ) wani masallaci ne da aka gina a cikin tsarin gine-ginen 'yan asalin Sudan-Sahelian, wanda aka gina a shekarar 1962 a Yaama, wani ƙauye a yankin Tahoua, Nijar.
Tarihi
Ko da bayan fiye da shekaru 60 na mulkin mallaka na Faransa wanda ya ƙare a 1960, yankin ba shi da wani tasiri daga waje. Don haka a lokacin da ƙauyen suka yanke shawarar gina masallacin Juma’a wanda kowa zai hallara domin yin sallah, sai suka zaɓi yin amfani da hanyoyin gargajiya. An gina wannan ginin ne da tubalin laka kuma daga baya gyare-gyaren ya haɗa da gina wata kubba ta tsakiya mai kewaye da hasumiya ta kusurwa huɗu. Kowane ɗan ƙauye ya bayar da gudunmawa; daga mai gidan da ya ba da gudummawar wurin, zuwa ga mutanen da suka yi tubalin laka, da ruwa, tattara itace, da dai sauransu.
Elisha Owusu
Girmamawa
Gent
Masallacin Yamma
Tarihi
Wannan masallacin ya kasance wanda ya samu lambar yabo ta Aga Khan a fannin gine-gine a shekarar 1986.
Chokocho
Chokocho kungiya ce a karamar hukumar Etche a jihar RiversNajeriya kusa da kogin Otamiri. Tana da yawan mazauna kusan 18000. Gadar Chokocho ta ratsa Otamiri, wadda ta lalace a lokacin yakin basasar Najeriya, an sake gina ta a lokacin gwamna Peter Odili. Gadar da ke kan titin Igwuruta – Okehi – Okpalla tana da mita 60m x 11m (4 spans of 15m each), wanda Setraco Nigeria Ltd ya gina kuma an kammala shi a watan Disamba 2002. A Maris 2008, Ephraim Nwuzi na karamar hukumar Etche ya ce zai kammala ayyukan da aka yi watsi da su kamar asibiti a Chokocho.
Teshie
Teshie birni ne na bakin teku da ke a gundumar Ledzokuku Municipal, gunduma a cikin Babban yankin Accra  na kudu maso gabashin ƙasar Ghana. Teshie shine yanki na tara mafi yawan jama'a a ƙasar Ghana, mai yawan jama'a 171,875.
Siyasa
Teshie yana mazaɓar Ledzokuku ƙarƙashin jagorancin Hon. Ben Ayiku, memba na jam'iyyar National Democratic Congress, wanda ya gaji Hon. Dr Bernard Okoe Boye na Jam'iyyar New Patriotic Party (Ghana).
Al'adu
Teshie na ɗaya daga cikin garuruwan jihar Ga mai cin gashin kansa, duk watan Agusta, garin na gudanar da Bikin Homowo. An yi imanin cewa mutanen Teshie na asali sun fito ne daga La, wani gari da ke yammacin Teshie.
Ganuwar Augustaborg, wanda Danes suka gina a shekarar 1787, yana cikin Teshie kuma Burtaniya ta mamaye shi daga shekara ta 1850 zuwa 1957. An yi imanin cewa wurin na (Fort Augustaborg) da ke Teshie, na da shekaru 300 kamar a rahoton 2011.
Garin dai na da ɗumbin al’adu daban-daban sakamakon tsarin dimokuradiyya da ci gaban ƙasar a halin yanzu.
Teshie ya tashi daga Lagon Kpeshie zuwa Teshie-Nungua Estates (mahaɗar farko) daga Gabas zuwa Yamma akan Titin Teshie. Birnin Teshie ya bunƙasa sosai, ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan garuruwa a Ghana.
Kane Kwei Carpentry Workshop
An kuma san garin Teshie a matsayin gidan design coffin, wanda Seth Kane Kwei ya ƙirƙira a cikin shekara ta 1950s kuma har yanzu ana ƙerawa a wurin ƙira na Kane Kwei Carpentry Workshop (wanda Eric Adjetey Anang ke gudanarwa) da kuma wasu masu fasaha da yawa.
Bakin ruwa na Labadi
Tekun Labadi, ko kuma wanda aka fi sani da La Pleasure Beach, yana kusa da Teshie. Tekun ita ce bakin teku mafi yawan jama'a a gabar tekun Ghana. Wurin na ɗaya daga cikin ƴan rairayin bakin teku na Greater Accra kuma otal-otal na yankin ne, ke kula da shi.
Firamare
Har ila yau, akwai wasu makarantu masu zaman kansu da ake gudanar da su, daga cikin su akwai; makarantar God's Way Preparatory School, Teshie St. John Schools, Makarantun Teshie St. John, Sunrise Preparatory & JHS, Nanna Mission Academy, Ford Schools Ltd.
Hanya
Faɗaɗa hanyar jigilar kaya biyu daga Barracks OTU zuwa Junction na Farko ya kasance a ƙarshen shekarun 1970s.
Jirgin kasa
Garin Teshie na amfani da tashar gabas na tsarin layin dogo na kasa.
Hanyoyin haɗi na waje
5.58333°N, -0.1°W
Olufemi Lanlehin
Solagbade Olufemi Lanlehin Listen (wanda aka fi sani da SOLAN ) lauyan Najeriya ne kuma ɗan siyasa. Ya wakilci mazabar Oyo ta kudu a majalisar dattawa ta 7 a tarayyar Najeriya. Ya tsaya takarar gwamnan jihar Oyo a zaɓen gwamnan jihar Oyo a 2019 a karkashin jam’iyyar African Democratic Congress.
Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Olufemi Lanlehin a cikin dangin Lanlehin na ƙasar Ibadan. Ya yi karatunsa na sakandare a Makarantar Grammar Ibadan, Ibadan da Kwalejin Igbobi, Yaba, Legas.
Olufemi Lanlehin ya karanta shari'a a Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka, inda ya sami LL. Digiri na B. (Hons), ya wuce Makarantar Shari'a ta Najeriya inda ya sami BL sannan aka kira shi Lauyoyin Najeriya a watan Yuli 1977.
Sana'a
Barista Olufemi Lanlehin ya shiga kamfanin lauyoyi na babban lauya kuma mai sharhi kan al'amuran zamantakewa, Cif Gani Fawehinmi SAN a watan Yuli 1978, inda ya kasance har zuwa Agusta 1980. A cikin Agusta 1980, ya kafa nasa kamfanin lauyoyi, Olufemi Lanlehin & Co kuma an nada shi Notary Public and Commissioner for rantsuwa a watan Agusta 1980.
Sana'ar siyasa
An zaɓe shi a matsayin dan majalisar dattawa mai wakiltar mazabar Oyo ta kudu a shekarar 2011 a karkashin jam’iyyar Action Congress of Nigeria.
A shekarar 2014 ne Sanata Olufemi Lanlehin ya koma jam’iyyar Accord Party (AP) bayan da jam’iyyar ACN ta ruguje, bayan ta hade da wasu jam’iyyun siyasa inda suka kafa jam’iyyar All Progressive Congress (APC). A zaɓen 2015, SOLAN ya nemi a sake tsayawa takara a matsayin Sanata mai wakiltar Oyo ta Kudu a karkashin jam’iyyar Accord Party (AP), ya sha kaye a hannun Sanata Adesoji Akanbi na jam’iyyar All Progressives Congress.
Lanlehin ya kasance ɗan takarar gwamna na jam’iyyar African Democratic Congress (ADC) a zaben gwamnan jihar Oyo na 2019. Ya sha kaye a hannun jam’iyyar Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) Oluwaseyi Makinde
Agoro
Wannan wani kauyene a karamar hukumar egbeda a cikin jihar Oyo a nigeria
Von Neumann architecture
Von Neumann Tsarin gine-ginen von Neumann - wanda aka fi sani da samfurin von Neumann ko kuma gine-ginen Princeton - gine-ginen kwamfuta ne bisa bayanin Shekara ta1945 na John von Neumann, da wasu, a cikin Daftarin Farko na Rahoton kan EDVAC.Takardar ta bayyana tsarin gine-ginen kwamfuta na dijital na lantarki tare da waɗannan abubuwan:
Rukunin sarrafawa tare da na'urar dabaru na lissafi da sarrafawa.
Ƙungiyar sarrafawa wanda ya haɗa da rajistar umarni da ma'aunin shiri.
Ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya mai adana bayanai da umarni na kwamfuta.
Ma'ajiyar taro na waje na kwamfuta
Zane na na'ura na von Neumann ya fi sauƙi fiye da na'urar gine-ginen Harvard-wanda kuma tsarin shirye-shiryen da aka adana, duk da haka yana da saiti guda ɗaya na adireshi da kundin bayanai don karantawa da rubutu zuwa ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, da kuma wani saitin adireshi da kundin bayanai don debo umarni.
Tsarin dokoki (umarni) da aka adana suna amfani da tsarin tushe iri ɗaya don ɓoye umarnin shirye-shirye da bayanai sabanin ƙira waɗanda ke amfani da na'urar bas ko ƙayyadaddun da'ira don aiwatar da koyarwa. Kwamfutocin da aka adana sun kasance ci gaba a kan kwamfutocin da aka sake tsarawa da hannu ko kafaffen kwamfutoci na 1940s, kamar Colossus d.a ENIAC. An tsara waɗannan ta hanyar saita maɓalli da shigar da kebil masu zuwa hanyar bayanai da siginar sarrafawa tsakanin sassan aiki daban-daban.
Galibin kwamfutoci na zamani suna amfani da na'urar hardware iri ɗaya don ɓoyewa da adana duk bayanai da umarnin shirye-shirye, amma suna da ma'ajin bayanai na wucin gadi tsakanin masarrafar umarni na kwamfuta (kwa-kwalwa) da ma'ajin bayanai, sannan kuma, dan gane da ma'ajin ajiya na wucin gadi mafi kusa da masarrafar umarni na kwamfuta, suna da maɓalli daban-daban don umarni da bayanai, ta yadda yawancin koyarwa da ƙwararrun bayanai suna amfani da na'urar bas daban-daban (daya raba tsarin gine-ginen ma'ajin ajiya na wucin gadi).
Abbakar Samb Makharam
Ababacar Samb Makharam (kuma Ababacar Samb-Makharam ko Samb a takaice, Dakar, Senegal, 1934 - Dakar, 1987) ɗan fim ne na Senegal, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, marubucin allo kuma mai shirya fina-finai tare da kamfaninsa na Baobab Films.
Tarihin Rayuwa
An haife shi a Dakar, Samb Makharam almajiri ne na Makarantar Sojojin Ruwa na Cibiyar Samar da Professionnelle de la Marine de Dakar a cikin 1950-1951 kuma ya yi aiki a kamfanin lauyoyi (1952-1953). Daga nan ya tafi Paris a Faransa kuma ya halarci École française de radioélectricité Rue Amyot (1954-1955, yanzu EFREI Paris). Daga 1955 har zuwa 1958 Samb Makharam ya sami horo a matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo a Center d'Art Dramatique de la Rue Blanche a Paris kuma yayi a cikin fina-finai Tamango (1957) wanda John Berry da Les Tripes au soleil suka jagoranta (1958) na Claude. Bernard-Aubert.
A cikin 1955 ya kafa ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ta Paris Les Griots ta haɗa nau'ikan 'yan wasan Antillean da na Afirka kamar Timité Bassori, Toto Bissainthe, Robert Liensol ( fr ) da Sarah Maldoror. Daga 1959 zuwa 1962 Samb Makharam fim din dalibi ne na cinema a Centro Sperimentale di Cinematografia (Experimental Film Center) a Rome, bayan haka ya tafi Amurka don kara karatu (1962 - 1963). Ya koma Faransa don shiga Office de Radiodiffusion Télévision Française (ORTF) a matsayin mataimakin darektan talabijin.
Ode Baba Olaifa
Wannan kauyene a karamar hukumar saki ta gabas dake a jihar Oyo,a Najeriya
Abbakar Samb Makharam
Tarihin Rayuwa
Da ya koma Senegal a 1964, Samb Makharam ya yi aiki da Ma'aikatar Watsa Labarai a can, ya kasance mai daukar hoto tare da labaran talabijin na Senegal,  kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin darekta da furodusa a Rediyo Sénégal (Dakar). A cikin 1965 ya ba da umarnin fim ɗinsa na farko Et la neige n'etait plus / There was No Long Snow Snow, Kodou ya biyo baya a 1971. Samb Makharam ya kasance babban sakataren kungiyar masu shirya fina-finai ta Pan African (FEPACI) daga 1971 zuwa 1977. Ya fara sabon salo tare da rawar da ba za ta taɓa ɗauka ba ga griot na Senegal na gargajiya a cikin fim ɗinsa na 1982 Jom ou L'Histoire d'un Peuple (Jom ko Tarihin Mutane).
A cikin Oktoba 1987 Samb Makharam ya rasu a Dakar yana da shekaru 52.
Gidan wasan kwaikwayo
Tsakanin 1955 zuwa 1964 Samb Makharam ya yi a matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo a cikin shirye-shirye daban-daban na ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ta Paris Les Griots :
Filmography
Fina-finan Samb Makharam sun haɗa da:
Ajagbeegun
Ajagbeegun kauye ne a karkashin karamar hukumar iseyin ,karkashin jihar Oyo nigeria
Baki (Black)
Baƙi launi ne wanda ke haifar da rashi ko cikakken ɗaukar haske na bayyane. Launi ne na achromatic, ba tare da launi ba, kamar fari da launin toka. Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da shi ta alama ko alama don wakiltar duhu. An yi amfani da baki da fari sau da yawa wajen kwatanta sabani kamar good and evil, zamanin Duhu da zamanin wayewa, da dare da rana. Tun daga tsakiyar zamanai, baki ya kasance alamar alama ta solemnity da iko, kuma saboda wannan dalili har yanzu alƙalai da mahukunta suna sawa.
Black yana ɗaya daga cikin launuka na farko da masu fasaha suka yi amfani da su a cikin zane-zane na kogon Neolithic. An yi amfani da shi a zamanin da Misira da Girka a matsayin launi na underworld. A cikin daular Roma, ya zama launin baƙin ciki, kuma a cikin ƙarnuka da yawa ana danganta shi da mutuwa, mugunta, mayu, da sihiri. A cikin karni na 14, sarakuna, limamai, alkalai, da jami'an gwamnati ne suka sanya shi a yawancin Turai. Ya zama launi da mawaƙan soyayya na Ingilishi, ƴan kasuwa da ƴan jahohi ke sawa a ƙarni na 19, kuma babban kalar kayan ado a ƙarni na 20. Bisa binciken da aka yi a Turai da Arewacin Amirka, launi ne da aka fi dangantawa da makoki, ƙarshe, asiri, sihiri, karfi, tashin hankali, tsoro, mugunta, da ladabi.
Baƙi shine launin tawada da aka fi amfani dashi don buga littattafai, jaridu da takardu, saboda yana samar da mafi girman bambanci da farar takarda don haka shine mafi sauƙin launi don karantawa. Hakazalika, baƙin rubutu a kan farin allo shine tsarin da aka fi amfani da shi akan allon kwamfuta. Tun daga watan Satumba na 2019, injiniyoyin MIT ne suka yi mafi duhun abu daga carbon nanotubes masu daidaitawa.
Asalin kalma
Kalmar baƙi ta fito daga old English blæc ("baki, duhu", kuma, "tawada"), daga Proto-Jamus * blakkaz ("ƙona"), daga Proto-Indo-European * bhleg- ("ƙona, gleam, haske, walƙiya"), daga tushe * bhel-("don haskakawa"), mai alaƙa da Old Saxon blak ("tawada"), old German blach ("baƙi"), Old Norse blakkr ("duhu"), Dutch blaken ("kone"), da bläck na Sweden ("tawada"). Ƙarin ƙididdiga masu nisa sun haɗa da Latin flagrare ("don walƙiya, haske, ƙone"), da phlegein na tsohuwar Girka ("don ƙone, ƙuna"). Girkawa na da a wasu lokuta suna amfani da kalma ɗaya don suna launuka daban-daban, idan suna da ƙarfi iri ɗaya. Kuanos' na iya nufin duka shuɗi mai duhu da baki. Rumawa na da suna da kalmomi guda biyu don baƙar fata: ater lebur ne, baƙar fata, yayin da niger ya kasance mai haske, cikakken baki. Ater ya ɓace daga ƙamus, amma niger shine tushen asalin ƙasar suna Najeriya, kalmar Ingilishi Negro, da kalmar "baƙar fata" a yawancin harsunan Romance na zamani (Faransanci: noir; Spanish da Portuguese: negro; Italiyanci: nero; Romanian: negru).
Old High German kuma yana da kalmomi biyu don baƙi: swartz da baƙi mara kyau da blach da baƙi mai haske. Waɗannan suna daidaitawa a cikin Middle English ta sharuddan swart da baƙi mara kyau da baƙi mai haske. Swart har yanzu yana rayuwa kamar kalmar swarthy, yayin da blaek ya zama baƙi na zamani na Ingilishi. Na farko yana da alaƙa da kalmomin da aka yi amfani da su don baƙi a yawancin harsunan Jamusanci na zamani ban da Ingilishi (Jamusanci: schwarz, Dutch: zwart, Swedish: svart, Danish: sort, Icelandic: svartr ). A cikin heraldry, kalmar da aka yi amfani da ita da launin baƙi shine sable, mai suna da baƙi na sable, dabba.
Abdulqadir al-Baghdadi
Dr. Abdulqadir Mohammed al-Baghdadi (1952 - August 2011, Tarhuna ) shi ne babban sakataren kwamitin jama'ar Libya a ƙarƙashin Muammar Gaddafi. Ya jagoranci hukumar mai da iskar gas da hukumar zuba jari ta Libiya. Ya kuma kasance shugaban mai kula da kwamitocin juyin juya hali. Yana daga cikin da'irar Gaddafi. Bayan ɓarkewar yaƙin basasar Libya na farko, kwamitin sulhu na Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ya sanya masa takunkumi.
Shi jami'i ne a ofishin jakadancin Libya da ke Landan a shekarar 1984, a lokacin an harbe WPC Yvonne Fletcher a wajen ofishin jakadancin.
An tsinci gawarsa da harsashi a Tarhuna a cikin watan Agustan 2011 jim kaɗan bayan faɗuwar Tripoli.
Kungiyoyin kwadago a Nijar
Kungiyoyin kwadago a jamhuriyar Nijar na da ‘yancin gudanar da ayyukan kungiyar a kai a kai, tare da tanadin kariyar da kundin tsarin mulki ya tanada na kafa da shiga kungiyoyin kwadago. Duk da haka, tare da kashi 95% na yawan ma'aikata da ke gudanar da ayyukan rayuwa, adadin membobin kungiyar kwadago ba su da yawa.
Kungiyoyin kwadago
Kungiyar kwadago ta Nijar (USTN) ita ce cibiyar kungiyar kwadago mafi girma da ke da mambobi 60,000. A shekarar 2001 ne aka kafa kungiyar ma'aikata ta jam'iyyar Dimokaradiyyar Nijar (CDTN) a matsayin kungiyar da ta balle daga USTN. Kungiyar Kwadago ta Nijar (CNT) ita ce cibiyar kungiyar kwadago ta uku mafi girma.
Rikicin Tsarin Mulki na 2009
A ranar 25 ga watan Yunin 2009, kungiyar kwadago ta CDTN ta jagoranci yajin aikin na tsawon sa’o’i 24 a fadin kasar domin nuna rashin amincewa da shirin zaben raba gardama na shugaban kasa, bayan an dage yajin aikin na baya-bayan nan ba da dadewa ba a ranar 18 ga watan Yuni. Dukkanin kungiyoyin kwadago guda bakwai sun shiga yajin aikin gama gari na farko tun bayan kafa jamhuriya ta biyar a shekarar 1999, da kuma matakin farko na hadin gwiwa da dukkanin manyan kungiyoyi bakwai suka yi. Masu shirya taron sun samar da ma'aikatan kwarangwal na ma'aikatan kungiyar don asibitoci, kayan aikin ruwa da lantarki, da filayen jirgin sama.
Richard Bamisile
Richard Olufemi Bamisile (wanda aka fi sani da BAFEM; an haife shi 27 ga Satumba 1965) ɗan siyasar Najeriya ne kuma a halin yanzu ɗan majalisar wakilai ta tarayya mai wakiltar mazaɓar Ekiti ta Kudu II. Ya kuma kasance tsohon kakakin majalisar dokokin jihar Ekiti (Majalisar ta uku). Ya na cikin ƴan takarar jam’iyyar All Progressives Congress (APC) a zaɓen fidda gwani na gwamnan jihar Ekiti a 2019.
Rayuwar farko
An haifi Bamisile a ranar 27 ga Satumba, 1965 a Ibadan, Jihar Oyo ga dangin marigayi, Mista Bamisile wanda shi ne Elekota na Kota-Omuo (Shugaban gargajiya na Kota-Omuo, yanzu Kota-Ekiti).
Ilimi
Bamisile ya halarci makarantar Mayflower da ke Ikenne tsakanin 1973 zuwa 1978, sannan ya halarci Kwalejin Gwamnati, Eric Moore, Legas tsakanin 1978 zuwa 1983 inda ya yi jarrabawar kammala sakandare ta yammacin Afirka ta Yamma kuma ya wuce Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Tarayya da ke Legas a 1984. don takardar shaidar matakin gaba.
Ya kasance ɗalibin Kimiyyar Siyasa a Jami'ar Ife (yanzu a jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo; Bamisile ya bar jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo bayan rasuwar mahaifinsa a 1986 kuma ya koma Ingila, inda ya samu gurbin karatu a Kwalejin Eden Landan inda ya samu Diploma a fannin sadarwa da sarrafa bayanai.
Bamisile ya samu gurbin shiga Jami'ar Ado-Ekiti a yanzu Jami'ar Jihar Ekiti Ado, don karantar Kasuwancin Kasuwanci tsakanin 2008 zuwa 2012. Daga nan ya shiga Jami’ar Jihar Ekiti inda ya yi digirinsa na biyu (MSc) kuma a halin yanzu yana karatun digirin digirgir (PhD) a fannin Gudanar da Gwamnati da Gudanarwa.
Sana'ar siyasa
Bamisile, ɗan siyasar talaka ya san yanayin siyasar jihar Ekiti. Bamisile ya sake fayyace yadda ake samun kuɗaɗen shiga a lokacin yana mai ba shugaban ƙaramar hukumar Surulere ta jihar Legas shawara ta musamman kan harkokin kuɗaɗen shiga. Hakeem Olaogun Dickson tsakanin 2001 zuwa 2002.
A shekarar 2003, Niyi Adebayo ya naɗa Bamisile a matsayin jami’in hulɗa da gidan Ekiti da ke Legas; sannan a wannan shekarar (2003) ya shiga harkar dimokuraɗiyya inda ya tsaya takarar neman tikitin takarar kujerar majalisar dokokin jihar Ekiti a ƙarƙashin jam’iyyar adawa ta Alliance for Democracy (AD).
A shekarar 2005, bayan rasuwar Hon. Abiodun; Ya fafata ne a matsayin ɗan takarar jam’iyyar National Conscience Party (NCP) na majalisar wakilai da Hon. (Mrs) Abiodun Olujimi na PDP. A 2006, an naɗa shi a matsayin Ag. Shugaban Hukumar Wasanni ta Jihar Ekiti, sannan kuma a matsayin Mataimaki na Musamman (General Duties) ga Gwamnan Jihar Ekiti.
Ya yi aiki a kwamitocin Dabaru daban-daban na siyasa waɗanda suka haɗa da wasu da dama: Kwamitin Majalisar Wakilan Ƙaramar Hukumar Ekiti ta Gabas (2003-2014), Kwamitin Dabarun Gubernatorial na Jihar Ekiti (2007), Kwamitin Rinjaye na Jihar Ekiti (2007), Kwamitin Majalisar Wakilai na Jam’iyyar PDP ta ƙasa-Lagos. (2007), PDP National-Kwara State Congress Committee (2007), Ekiti State Appointments Committee (2007), Ad-Hoc Governors Strategic Committee (2007), Ekiti State Senatorial Congress Committee (2008), Ekiti State Congress Committee (2008). Kwamitin tantance ƴan takarar shugabanin ƙananan hukumomin jihar Ekiti (2008), kwamitin zaɓen ƙananan hukumomin jihar Ekiti (2008), kwamitin sake zaɓen gwamnan jihar Ekiti (2009), kwamitin zaɓen kwamishinonin jihar Ekiti (2009), kwamitin ziyarar jihar Ekiti akan ƙananan hukumomi. ayyuka (2009).
Ya fice daga jam’iyyar People’s Democratic Party (Nigeria) a shekarar 2014 kafin zaɓen gwamna domin marawa Gwamna Kayode Fayemi baya da Janar Muhammadu Buhari buri kafin zaɓen 2015 da ya lashe.
Bayanan kula
A. Jami'ar Ife yanzu ana kiranta Jami'ar Obafemi Awolowo
B. Jami'ar Ado-Ekiti yanzu ana kiranta da Jami'ar Jihar Ekiti, Ado