cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Talabijin a China
Asali
An dakatar da ci gaban hanyoyin sadarwa tare da durkushewar tattalin arziƙi bayan Babban Leap Forward (1958–60) amma ya farfado a cikin shekarar 1960s: an shigar da ayyukan rediyo a manyan biranen a cikin waɗannan shekarun. Daga shekarar 1965 akwai 12 tashoshin tilbijin a babban yankin kasar Sin, 1 kasa da kasa da 11 yanki (idan aka kwatanta da kimanin 700 al'ada tashoshin tilbijin da kuma game da 3,000 na USB tashoshi a yau). Hakanan, a cikin shekarar 1978, ƙasa da mai karɓar talabijin ɗaya cikin mutane 100, kuma ƙasa da Sinawa miliyan goma ne ke samun damar shiga gidan talabijin (a cikin shekarar 2003 akwai kusan TV talatin da biyar ga kowane mutum 100, kuma kusan Biliyan Sinawa sun sami damar kallon talabijin ); fadadawa da zamanantar da tsarin watsa shirye-shirye ya ci gaba a cikin ƙarshen shekarun 1970 da farkon shekarun 1980.
Har zuwa tsakiyar shekarar 1970 zuwa ƙarshen, watsa shirye-shiryen TV sun fara a ƙarshen yamma kuma sun ƙare da tsakar dare, tare da shirye-shiryen rana na musamman a lokacin hutun bazara da lokacin hunturu ga ɗalibai. BTV, a lokaci guda, ya kuma faɗaɗa isar da shirye -shiryen sa, daga tashar daya tashar ta fara a shekarar 1958, cibiyar sadarwa ta girma zuwa tashoshi 3 a shekarar 1969.
TVB ta fara watsa shirye -shiryen TV na launi na China na farko a Hong Kong a shekarar 1967 da Gidan Talabijin na China a Taiwan a 1969. A kan babban yankin, an fara watsa launi na gwaji a cikin shekarar 1971 akan BTV Channel 2, daga baya ya bazu zuwa tashoshin yanki, kuma a lokaci guda, BTV ya fara watsa shirye -shiryen tauraron dan adam na ƙasa kawai don manyan abubuwan da suka fara a shekarar 1972. BTV ya canza zuwa launi a 1973.
Shekarun 1980
An kafa Ma'aikatar Rediyo da Talabijin a matsayin wani yanki daban a 1982 don gudanarwa da haɓaka matsayin watsa shirye -shiryen talabijin da rediyo. Wanda ke ƙarƙashin wannan ma'aikatar ita ce Gidan Rediyon Jama'a na Tsakiya, Rediyon Beijing, da Babban Gidan Talabijin na China. Bugu da ƙari, an ba da horo daban-daban na watsa shirye-shirye, neman gwaninta, bincike, wallafe-wallafe, da ƙungiyoyin masana'antu a ƙarƙashin Ma'aikatar Rediyo da Talabijin. A cikin 1986 an canza nauyin masana'antar fim daga Ma'aikatar Al'adu zuwa sabuwar Ma'aikatar Rediyo, Cinema, da Talabijin.
Rediyo da talabijin sun faɗaɗa cikin sauri a cikin shekarun 1980 a matsayin mahimman hanyoyin sadarwar taro da shahararrun nishaɗi. A cikin gidan talabijin na 1982 ya kasance ta hanyar ma'auni ɗaya kawai ga miliyan 350 na yawan jama'ar China na biliyan 1, kuma galibi ana kallon su ta hanyar jama'a. Ta hanyar 1985 talabijin ta kai kashi biyu bisa uku na yawan jama'a ta tashoshi sama da 104 (daga 52 a 1984 da 44 a 1983); an kiyasta kashi 85 cikin 100 na mutanen birane sun sami damar kallon talabijin. A wannan lokacin, abubuwan da ke cikin shirye -shiryen sun canza sosai daga laccocin siyasa da jerin ƙididdigar lokacin da ya gabata. Hanyoyin talabijin na al'ada sun kasance nishaɗi, gami da fina -finan fasali, wasanni, wasan kwaikwayo, kiɗa, rawa, da shirye -shiryen yara. A shekarar 1985 wani bincike na sati na yau da kullun na shirye -shiryen talabijin wanda littafin Shanghai ya fitar da Wuxiandian Yu Dianshi (Jaridar Rediyo da Talabijin) ya bayyana cewa sama da rabin shirye -shiryen ana iya kiransu nishaɗi; ilimi ya kasance kashi 24 cikin ɗari na sauran shirye -shiryen da labarai kashi 15. An gabatar da sassan labarai na duniya da yawa kowace yamma. Yawancin aro na labarai an aro su ne daga kungiyoyin labarai na kasashen waje, kuma an yi masa lakabi da taƙaitaccen bayanin Sinawa. Babban gidan talabijin na kasar Sin ya kuma yi kwangila tare da masu watsa shirye -shiryen kasashen waje da dama don shirye -shiryen nishadi. Tsakanin 1982 da 1985, kamfanonin talabijin na Amurka guda shida sun rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar samar da shirye -shiryen Amurka ga China.
Tun daga ƙarshen shekarun 1950, mutane a Kogin Pearl Delta sun fara karɓar tashoshi daga Hong Kong tare da kebul na Coaxial (1957-1973) da eriyar Yagi-Uda (1967 zuwa gaba). An dauki tashoshin Hong Kong mafi nishaɗi kuma suna da shirye -shiryen Cantonese. Gwamnatin tsakiya ta hana irin wannan liyafar, amma karamar hukuma ta amince da ita. A ƙarshen shekarun 1980, tashoshin gida sun fara haɗa abubuwan nunin daga Hong Kong.
Ƙasar Sin ta harba tauraron ɗan adam na farko da aka watsa ta talabijin a shekarar 1986.
A shekarar 1987 gidan talabijin na ƙasar Sin (CCTV), cibiyar sadarwa ta jihar, ta gudanar da shirye -shiryen talabijin na kasar Sin. A cikin masu amfani da 1985 sun sayi sabbin saiti miliyan 15, gami da kusan saitin launi miliyan 4. Samar da samfuran ya ragu sosai. Saboda masu kallon Sinawa kan taru a manyan kungiyoyi don kallon tsarin mallakar jama'a, hukumomi sun kiyasta cewa kashi biyu bisa uku na al'ummar suna samun damar talabijin. A cikin 1987 akwai gidajen talabijin kusan miliyan 70, matsakaita 29 a cikin iyalai 100. CCTV tana da tashoshi guda huɗu waɗanda ke ba da shirye -shirye ga sama da gidajen talabijin talatin a ko'ina cikin ƙasar. An fara ginin a kan wani babban sabon gidan talabijin na CCTV a Beijing a shekarar 1985. Gidan talabijin na CCTV ya samar da shirye -shiryensa, wanda mafi yawa daga cikinsu na ilimi ne, kuma Jami'ar Talabijin da ke Beijing tana samar da shirye -shiryen ilimi guda uku a mako -mako. Darasin harshen Ingilishi shine mafi mashahuri shirin kuma yana da kimanin masu kallo miliyan 5 zuwa 6. Sauran shirye -shiryen sun haɗa da labarai na yau da kullun, nishaɗi, wasan kwaikwayo, da shirye -shirye na musamman. Shirye -shiryen kasashen waje sun haɗa da fina -finai da zane -zane. Masu kallon Sinawa sun fi sha'awar kallon labaran duniya, wasanni, da wasan kwaikwayo (duba Al'adun Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin ).
Shekarun 1990
In September 1993, after acquiring the STAR TV satellite network, Rupert Murdoch publicly declared: "'(telecommunications) have proved an unambiguous threat to totalitarian regimes everywhere ... satellite broadcasting makes it possible for information-hungry residents of many closed societies to bypass state-controlled television channels'"Bayan wannan, tsohon firayim minista Li Peng ya nemi kuma ya sami haramcin yin amfani da tauraron ɗan adam a duk faɗin ƙasar. Bayan haka, gidan talabijin na STAR TV ya sauke tashoshin BBC daga tayin tauraron dan adam. Wannan, da kuma wasu bayanan da suka biyo baya daga Murdoch, sun sa masu sukar suka yi imanin dan kasuwar yana ƙoƙarin gamsar da gwamnatin China domin a cire takunkumin. Ana kuma zargin cewa gwamnatin PRC ba ta ji daɗin watsa labarai na BBC ba kuma ta yi barazanar toshe STAR TV a babbar kasuwar China idan ba a janye BBC ba. Wannan duk da fasahar da ke da ikon toshe BBC World a China, yayin da ta samar da ita a wasu ƙasashen da suke aiki.
A Sabuwar Shekara ta. 1994 a 06:00 Hangzhou Lokaci, talabijin ɗin Zhejiang shine talabijin China na farko kasuwanci da tauraron dan adam talabijin tushen a Gabas China kewaye yankunan, Yangtze Delta.
A 6 Oktoba 1997 at 09:00 Hefei Lokaci, Anhui Television ya China 's biyu kasuwanci da tauraron ɗan adam talabijin da kuma a ranar 28 ga Disamba wannan shekara a 06:00 Nanjing Lokaci, Jiangsu Talabijin na China 'uku kasuwanci da tauraron dan adam talabijin tushen a Gabas China kewaye yankunan, Yangtze Delta.
A ranar 1 Oktoba 1998 at 06:00 Shanghai Lokaci, Dragon Television (Shanghai) (da aka sani da Shanghai Television ) ya China huɗu kasuwanci da tauraron dan adam talabijin tushen a Gabas China kewaye yankunan, Yangtze Delta ( free-to-air terrestrial talabijin a Shanghai kawai).
2000
A shekara ta 2000, gwamnatin ƙasar Sin ta gabatar da wata manufa ta inganta hadewar kafofin watsa labarai ta hanyar kafa ƙungiyoyin labarai da dama na yankuna daban-daban. Ta kuma kafa cikakkun dokoki game da tara kuɗaɗen masana'antun watsa labarai, hadin gwiwar da ƙasashen waje ke bayarwa da ci gaban kafofin watsa labarai.
Sana'o'i
￼Sana'a hanya ce ta samun kudi.
Talabijin a China
2000
Gwamnatin Rediyo, Finafinai, da Talabijin (SARFT), wacce aka kafa a ƙarshen 2001, ta haɗa albarkatun babban gidan rediyo, talabijin da masana'antar fina-finai da na rediyo da talabijin, kamfanonin Intanet a cikin manyan kamfanoni masu ƙarfi da ƙarfi na China. -Kungiyar watsa labarai ta rufe filayen talabijin, Intanet, wallafe -wallafe, talla, da sauransu. A lokaci guda masana'antar watsa labaru ta kasar Sin tana hadin gwiwa da kungiyoyin kafofin watsa labarai na kasashen waje.
Ƙimar tashar tauraron ɗan adam ta sararin samaniya kyauta
Manyan manyan tashoshin tauraron dan adam na lardin 5 bisa la'akari da kimantawa:
Hong Kong
Hong Kong tana da cibiyoyin watsa shirye -shiryen talabijin guda biyu, ATV da TVB. Ƙarshen, wanda aka ƙaddamar a cikin 1967, shine tashar kasuwanci ta farko ta yankin kyauta, kuma a halin yanzu shine babban gidan talabijin a yankin. Kaya da talabijin na tauraron dan adam suma sun bazu. Samar da wasan kwaikwayo na sabulu na Hong Kong, jerin wasannin barkwanci da nune-nunen iri-iri sun kai ga masu sauraro da yawa a duk duniya mai magana da Sinanci. Kamfanoni da yawa ne ke ba da kafofin watsa labarai da labarai, ɗayansu gwamnati ce. Talabijan tana ba da babbar hanyar labarai da nishaɗi ga talakawan iyali.
Macau
Jama'ar Macau na iya karɓar mafi yawan watsa shirye -shiryen watsa shirye -shiryen ƙasa a Hong Kong.
Gagarawa
Gagarawa Karamar Hukuma ce dake a Jihar Jigawa, Arewa maso yamman Nijeriya.
Kogin Komo
Kogin Komo kogi ne na ƙasashen Equatorial Guinea da Gabon. Yana gudana ne na tsawon kilomita 230 (mi 140).
Toshen kogin
Yana tashi ne a Equatorial Guinea a yankin kudu maso yamma na yankin Woleu-Ntem. Duk da haka yawancin ruwan da ke cikin yankin Gabon ne. Babban kogin Komo shine Kogin Mbeya. Hannun sa yana damuwa da shingen ƙasa waɗanda ke haifar da ruwa kamar na Tchimbélé da Kinguélé. Su ne mahimman hanyoyin samar da wutar lantarki ta Libreville.
Garki (Nijeriya)
Garki Karamar Hukuma ce dake a Jihar Jigawa, Arewa maso yamman Nijeriya.
FirstRand
FirstRand Limited, wanda kuma ake kira FirstRand Group shine kamfanin riƙe Bankin FirstRand, kuma mai ba da sabis na kuɗi ne a Afirka ta Kudu. Yana daya daga cikin masu ba da sabis na kuɗi da Bankin Tsaro na Afirka ta Kudu, mai kula da banki na ƙasa ya ba da lasisi.
Bayani na gaba ɗaya
An lissafa shi a kan JSE da Kasuwancin Kasuwancin Namibian, FirstRand Limited yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin kuɗi a Afirka ta Kudu, kuma yana ba da banki, inshora da samfuran saka hannun jari da sabis ga masu siyarwa, kasuwanci, kamfanoni da abokan ciniki na jama'a.
Baya ga Afirka ta Kudu, kungiyar tana aiki a manyan kasashe takwas na Afirka, wato, Botswana, Namibia, Swaziland, Lesotho, Zambia, Mozambique, Tanzania, Ghana da Najeriya. Bankin FirstRand yana da rassa a London, Guernsey da Indiya.
FirstRand yana aiwatar da dabarun ta ta hanyar fayil na manyan kamfanonin sabis na kuɗi; Rand Merchant Bank (RMB), bankin kamfanoni da saka hannun jari; First National Bank (FNB), bankin tallace-tallace da kasuwanci; WesBank, mai ba da kuɗi; da Ashburton Investments, kasuwancin kula da kadarorin kungiyar.
Kungiyar tana da hedikwatar ta a Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu. FirstRand na ɗaya daga cikin manyan rukunin banki guda biyar a Afirka ta Kudu da Afirka ta Kudu.
Tarihi
Tarihin kungiyar FirstRand ya koma shekarun 1970s a matsayin bankin saka hannun jari. Kungiyar kamar yadda aka kafa a halin yanzu a ranar 1 ga Afrilu 1998, ta hanyar haɗuwa da ayyukan kuɗi na Anglo American Corporation of South Africa Limited (yanzu Anglo American plc) da RMB Holdings (RMBH) don cimma burin haɗin gwiwar sabis na kuɗi.
Wadannan ayyukan kudi sun kasance Bankin Kasa na Farko, Momentum Life Assurers Limited ("Momentum" yanzu wani ɓangare na MMI Holdings) da Southern Life Association Limited ("Southern Life") dukansu an jera su a kan JSE. An kafa FNB da Southern Life a matsayin cikakkun rassa na Momentum wanda shine abin hawa don shafar haɗuwa. Momentum ya canza sunansa zuwa FirstRand Limited kuma an jera shi a kan Kasuwancin Kasuwancin Johannesburg a ranar 25 ga Mayu 1998 tare da Anglo American da RMB Holdings da ke riƙe da 20.43% da 25.03% na babban birnin da aka ba da izini na FirstRand bi da bi. Anglo American tun daga lokacin ya zubar da dukkan hannun jarinsa.
Alhamis
Alhamis rana ce daga cikin ranakun mako, guda bakwai. Daga ita sai ranar Juma'a, gabaninta kuma ranar Laraba.
FirstRand
Tarihi
FirstRand an jera shi a matsayin "banki mai sarrafawa" ta Bankin Tsaro na Afirka ta Kudu, mai kula da banki na kasa. Kungiyar tana da rassa a Afirka ta Kudu da kuma kasashen Botswana, Mozambique, Namibia, Lesotho, Tanzania, Ghana, Zambia, Najeriya da Burtaniya.
A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2012, Babban Bankin Najeriya ya ba da lasisin banki na farko a cikin sama da shekaru goma ga RMB Najeriya da wani kamfani na gida.
Kamfanoni membobin
Kungiyar FirstRand tana riƙe da saka hannun jari ta hanyar manyan rassa biyar. Wadannan rassa da rassa don haka mambobi ne na FirstRand Group sun hada da, amma ba a iyakance su ga masu zuwa ba:
Mallaka
An jera FirstRand a kan Kasuwancin Kasuwancin Johannesburg da Kasuwancin Namibian. Manyan masu hannun jari sun hada da: 1→ RMB Holdings manyan masu hannun jari sun hada da Daraktoci da gudanarwa na RMBH tare da 10.4%, Remgro tare da 28.2% hannun jari a RMBH da Royal Bafokeng Holdings tare da 15% hannun jari a cikin RMBH.
2→ Dangane da hannun jari kai tsaye da kai tsaye a cikin FirstRand, tasirin Remgro na kungiyar shine 13.36%
Esther Ibanga
Esther Ibanga (an haife ta 31 ga Maris 1961 ) malaman fasto ne a Nijeriya kuma ta kafa "Initiatibe na Mata Ba Tare da Bango" Ta sami lambar yabo ta zaman lafiya ta Niwano ta 32 don inganta zaman lafiya tsakanin mutanen kabilu da addinai daban-daban a garin Jos, Najeriya.
Rayuwa
An haifi Esther Ibanga a ranar 31 ga Maris 1961 ga Abumadga Auta da Mariamu Abimiku. Ita ce ta bakwai cikin yara goma kuma ɗayan mata takwas. 'Yar Kagbu ce; Karamar Hukumar Nasarawa Eggon da ke Jihar Nasarawa a Najeriya. Mahaifinta dan sanda ne wanda ya ci kyaututtuka saboda jarumtakarsa da gaskiyarsa. Ta ce game da shi, “Mahaifina mutum ne mai addu’a kuma annabi. An haifemu kuma mun tashi cikin yanayi na addu'a. Ya sanya min suna Baban Meche wanda ke nufin babbar mace. ” Mahaifiyarta mai tsananin gaske, Mariamu Abimiku; matar gida ce wacce aka fi sani da "mama mission" saboda shigarta da tarayyar cocin (Zumantan mata) da kuma tafiye-tafiyen mishan da ta fara. Tana da aure ga mijinta mai shekaru 25, Ikoedem Ibanga kuma tana da 'ya'ya mata biyu, Uyai da Ifiok.
Ilimi
Ibanga ta fara karatun ta ne a makarantar Firamare ta St. Paul, Kasuwan Kaji da ke karamar hukumar Jos ta Arewa a jihar Filato daga 1968 zuwa 1973. Tana da karatun sakandare a kwalejin St. Louis da ke Jos daga 1973. A shekarar 1978 ta yi karatun digiri na farko a Makarantar Koyon Aikin Karatu, Zariya, Jihar Kaduna inda ta sami Takaddar Shahadar Hadin Gwiwa ta Matakan (IJMB). Sha'awar da take da ita a harkar kasuwanci ya sa ta samu digiri na farko a fannin kasuwanci a jami'ar Ahmadu Bello da ke Zariya, jihar Kaduna daga 1979 zuwa 1983. A cikin 2001, ta sami MBA daga Jami'ar Jos.
Aiki
Fasto Ibanga ta fara kwarewar aikinta ne a cikin kungiyar 'Nation Plan Consortium' inda tayi hidimar bautar kasa na bautar kasa shekara daya a matsayinta na matashiya. Bayan ta yi NYSC, ta samu aiki a Jos Karfe Rolling Mills inda ta yi aiki a matsayin Jami’ar Talla. Daga nan ta yi aiki a Babban Bankin Najeriya inda ta kai matsayin manaja. Ta bar wannan aikin ne bayan shekaru goma sha shida a cikin 1995 domin ta kasance mace ta farko da ta jagoranci coci a Jos.
Mata ba tare da Bango ba Initiative
Fasto Mrs. Esther Ibanga ita ce Shugabar ƙasa kuma ita ce ta kirkiro shirin nan na "Women Without Balls" (WOWWI). Aungiya mai zaman kanta, ƙungiyar mata ta Najeriya daga kowane fanni na rayuwa. An kafa WOWWI ne a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2010, saboda bukatun da ake da shi na mayar da martani ga rikice-rikicen da ba su da iyaka da suka dabaibaye Jihar Filato ta Najeriya sama da shekaru goma. Focusesungiyar ta mai da hankali kan fannoni shida: Shawara, Ba da agaji ga 'yan gudun hijirar da ke cikin gida da mabukata, Horar da mata game da manufofin samar da zaman lafiya / ayyukan, tattaunawa da sasantawa tsakanin ɓangarorin da ke rikici; Ayyukan ci gaba a cikin al'ummomin da ba su da gata tare da korafe-korafen da suka zama direbobin tashin hankali, da ƙarfafa mata da matasa. Ta wannan dandalin ta samu ci gaba matuka wajen maido da zaman lafiya tsakanin al'ummomin Kirista da Musulmi musamman a Jos ta Arewa; gari mai haske da walwala a tsakanin jihar Filato, Najeriya. Manufar ita ce a kai ga mata, na ƙasa da ƙasa, kuma a ba su ikon yin gwagwarmaya, da ciyar da al'amuran mata, matasa da yara gaba, ba tare da nuna bambancin kabila, addini ko siyasa ba.
Hassan Yunusa
Hassan Yunus (Jawi; 1907 - 12 ga Yulin 1968) ya kasance Mufti na Jiha wanda ke aiki daga 1941 zuwa 1947 kuma Menteri Besar wanda ke aiki tun daga 1959 zuwa 1967 na Johor, Malaysia. Ya kasance memba na United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), wani bangare na jam'iyyar Barisan Nasional (tsohon Alliance Party).
Alex Baptiste
Alex Baptiste (an haife a shekara ta 1986) dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila ne.
Hassan Yunusa
Wuraren da aka sanya masa suna
An sanya wa wurare da yawa suna bayan shi, ciki har da:
Mounir Benamadi
Mounir Benamadi ( منير بن أمادي; an haife shi a ranar 5 ga watan Afrilu, 1982) ɗan wasan Judoka ɗan ƙasar Aljeriya, wanda ya taka leda a rukunin rabin nauyi (half-lightweight). Ya ci lambar zinare a rukuninsa a gasar All-Africa Games na shekarar 2007 a Algiers, da azurfa a gasar Judo ta Afirka ta shekarar 2008 a Agadir.
Benamadi ya wakilci Aljeriya a gasar Olympics ta bazara a shekarar 2008 a birnin Beijing, inda ya yi takara ajin rabin nauyi na maza (66). kg). Ya doke Steven Brown na Australia a zagayen farko na share fage, kafin ya yi rashin nasara a wasansa na gaba da koka guda ga Mirali Sharipov na Uzbekistan.
Juma'a
Juma'a (ko Jumma'a) rana ce daga cikin ranakun mako guda bakwai. Daga ita sai ranar Asabar gabaninta kuma ranar alhamis, ranar Juma'a dai musamman a kasashen musulunci ana kiranta da babbar rana inda wasu ke kiranta da ranar idi, wannan yasa akan yi kwalliya, ziyara, yin abinci na musamman da shagulgula duk mahimmancin wannan ranar.
Ümmü Kiraz
Ümmü Kiraz (an haife ta a Satumbar 27, 1982 a Acıpayam, Lardin Denizli, Turkiya) mace ce mai tseren gudu ta Turkiya, wacce ta kware a tseren fanfalaki. Ta kasance memba na Denizli Belediyespor kafin ta koma Kasımpaşaspor a Istanbul, inda Öznur Hatipoğlu ke horar da Kiraz. Na 163 cm tsalle-tsalle mai tsayi a 48 kg     dalibi ne na ilimin motsa jiki da motsa jiki a kwalejin koyar da sana'a ta Jami'ar Pamukkale.
A 2012 Marathon na Adana Half na 2012, Kiraz ta zo na biyu bayan Bahar Doharan. Ta gama gudun fanfalaki na Tarsus na shekarar 2012 a matsayi na uku..
Ümmü Kiraz ta cancanci shiga gasar gudun fanfalaki a gasar olimpics ta 2012 a London, inda ta gama a matsayi na 89.
A wasan rabin marathon na wasannin Gasar Rum a 2013 a Mersin, ta kare a matsayi na uku (1:16:51) A shekarar 2015 ta dakatar da 2 shekaru 2011 nazarin halittu fasfo magudi.
Kokarin kanta
Dangane da bayanan All-Athletics da IAAF, mafi kyawun lokutan ta daga watan Afrilun 2015 sune:
Salifou Fatimata Bazeye
Salifou Fatimata Bazèye, wacce aka fi sani da Fatoumata Bazèye da Fatoumata Bazaî, ƴar asalin ƙasar Nijar ce, tsohuwar majistare, shugabar kotun ƙolin Nijar kuma daga 2007 zuwa 2009 shugabar kotun tsarin mulkin Nijar. Hukunce-hukuncen kotuna kan sake fasalin kundin tsarin mulkin ƙasar da shugaban ƙasar Nijar Mamadou Tandja ya shirya, ya kai ga korar ta daga kundin tsarin mulkin ƙasar tare da ƙara taɓarɓarewar tsarin mulkin Nijar a shekarar 2009-2010. Bayan juyin mulkin da aka yi a Jamhuriyar Nijar a shekara ta 2010, an naɗa ta shugabar kotun tsarin mulki ta Nijar.
Baya
An haife ta a 1951 a Dosso, Bazaye ta sami horon shari'a a Faransa a Ecole Nationale de la Magistrature de Paris. Bazeye ta auri wani jami’in gwamnati kuma uwar ‘ya’ya da dama. Ta koma Nijar ne a matsayin Majistare, kuma ta yi fice a fagen siyasa a shekarar 2005, a matsayinta na mamba a Kotun Ƙoli, ta ƙi amincewa da buƙatar gwamnati ta miƙa ma Majalisun da ke yajin aiki. Duk da wannan, an zaɓe ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin kujerun kotun tsarin mulkin da aka keɓe wa masana shari'a a shekarar 2007, kuma gwamnati ta amince da ita. Daga nan ne mambobinta suka zaɓe ta a matsayin shugabar kotun.
Rikicin Tsarin Mulki na 2009
A shekara ta 2009, ta jagoranci kotun ta yanke hukunci guda biyu na bai-ɗaya da ke adawa da yunƙurin shugaban ƙasar Nijar Mamadou Tandja na gudanar da zaɓen raba gardama na yin murabus da kundin tsarin mulkin Nijar da kuma ci gaba da zama kan karagar mulki yayin da aka tsara sabon kundin tsarin mulki. Hukuncin farko (wanda ba a ɗaure) ba, wanda aka gabatar a ranar 26 ga Mayu, 2009, ya jawo korar shugaban ƙasa na Majalisar Dokoki ta ƙasa yayin da aka ci gaba da yanke hukunci a ranar 12 ga Yuni. Daga bisani shugaba Tandja ya aiwatar da shirinsa na sabon kundin tsarin mulki tare da korar kotun tsarin mulkin ƙasar. A watan Fabrairun 2010 ne sojoji suka yi masa juyin mulki, inda aka mayar da mulki ga gwamnatin farar hula a shekara ta 2011.
Jamhuriya ta bakwai
Bayan juyin mulkin da aka yi a Nijar a shekara ta 2010 da kuma faɗuwar Mamadou Tandja, Majalisar ƙoli ta rikon kwarya ta CSRD ta naɗa Ms. Bazèye a matsayin shugabar mambobi 11 na majalisar tsarin mulkin ƙasar, wata babbar kotun tuntuɓa a lokacin miƙa mulki ga tsarin mulki. Jamhuriyar Nijar Jamhuriyar Bakwai.
A watan Disambar 2011 mawallafin jaridar Daily Trust na Najeriya sun ba Ms. Bazèye lambar yabo ta " Gwarzon Afirka " karo na 4 na shekara saboda "kyakkyawar tarihinta a matsayin jami'ar shari'a da ba ta cin hanci."
Manazarta
<references group="" responsive="1">
Esther Ijewere
Esther Ijewere (tsohuwar Esther Kalejaiye) marubuciya ce 'yar Najeriya, mai rajin kare hakkin mata da masu rajin kare hakkin yara mata kuma marubuciya a jaridar The Guardian. Ita babbar memba ce ta Walk Against Rape (WAR), wani shiri ne na neman tallafi wanda aka kirkira don taimakawa wadanda aka yiwa fyade da neman adalci. Wannan shiri ya sami karbuwa daga Ma’aikatar Harkokin Mata ta Lagos da Rage talauci.
Wannan kamfen din ya jagoranci kungiyarta wajen shirya taron karawa juna sani a makarantun sakandare a duk fadin Najeriya da aka yiwa lakabi da Ilimin Kwalejin Kwarewar Kwalejin Kwarewa (CARE), tare da hadin gwiwar Ma'aikatar Shari'a ta jihar Legas da Kungiyar Masu Raba Rigakafin Cikin Gida da Jima'i (DSVRT). Da take magana game da rabuwar a jaridar The Sun (Nigeria), Esther ta karfafa wa mata ‘yan uwanta da ke fuskantar tashin hankali na gida da su sake yin la’akari da matsayin da suka dade a cikin wannan alakar don tseratar da hankalinsu da rayuwarsu.
Ilimi
Ta kammala karatun ilmin halayyar dan adam a jami’ar Olabisi Onabanjo, Ago Iwoye, jihar Ogun, Najeriya,
Ayyuka
Esther ita ce ta kirkiro da Injinin Rubies na Mata da Yara, wata kungiyar laima wacce ke daukar nauyin mata da yara da dama da suka shafi yara wadanda suka hada da Walk Against Rape, Women of Rubies, Project Capable, Rubies Ink Media da kuma Kwalejin Ilimin Kwarewar Fyade. A farkon fara aikinta tare da Rubies Ink, dole ne ta tallafawa kanta don duk ayyukan. A shekarar 2013, fafutukar da ta nuna game da fyade ya sa ta rubuta littafin Breaking the Silence, wani littafi da ke bayani game da fyade da kuma yadda ake fama da shi. Tana gudanar da taron jama'a don maza waɗanda ake kira Maza Waɗanda ke sparfafawa don bikin ƙarfin zuciya a cikin maza.
Shawara
Esther ita ce ta kirkiro da shirin 'Project Capable', wanda aka amince da shi a ma'aikatar ilimi ta jihar Legas wanda kuma ya kasance wani shiri ne na ba da shawarwari ga matasa da nufin samar da kyakkyawan tunani ga daliban sakandare. A cikin 2015, ta shirya tafiya kan fyade wanda ya jawo hankalin manyan mutane kamar Kate Henshaw, Ali Baba, Toni Payne, Jimmy Jatt da sauransu. Ita babbar memba ce ta Walk Against Rape (WAR), wani shiri ne na neman tallafi wanda aka kirkira don taimakawa wadanda aka yiwa fyade da neman adalci. Wannan shiri ya sami karbuwa daga Ma’aikatar Harkokin Mata ta Lagos da Rage talauci. Wannan kamfen din ya jagoranci kungiyarta wajen shirya taron karawa juna sani a makarantun sakandare a duk fadin Najeriya da aka yiwa lakabi da Ilimin Kwalejin Kwarewar Kwalejin Kwarewa (CARE), tare da hadin gwiwar Ma'aikatar Shari'a ta jihar Legas da Kungiyar Masu Raba Rigakafin Cikin Gida da Jima'i (DSVRT).
Lambobin yabo da Sunaye
Cibiyoyi da manyan ma'aikatun gwamnati sun amince da gudummawar da ta bayar ga al'ummar Najeriya. A ranar 9 ga Yulin 2016, an ba ta lambar yabo ta "Matashin gwarzon shekara" a gasar ado ta Miss Miss Tourism Nigeria ta 2016. Har ila yau, ita ce mai karrama wayayyun Mata Masu Hikima "" Mace Kirista a Kyautar Media "wanda ta ci a watan Yunin 2016. A shekara ta 2018, Esther lashe Social Entrepeneur na Year Award a dadi Ladies na Shekara Awards.
Rayuwar Kai
Esther ta yi aure tare da yara biyu. Kwanan nan ta yi magana game da rabuwa da tsohon mijinta a Jaridar The Sun (Nigeria), kuma ta karfafa wa sauran matan da ke fuskantar rikicin cikin gida a cikin auren su da su sake yin la’akari da dadewa da suka yi a cikin wannan alakar.
Sunny Odogwu
Sonny Odogwu (Maris 20, 1925- Nov 5, 2018)   ɗan kasuwan Najeriya ne wanda ya kafa SIO Group of Companies, ƙungiya mai riƙe da hannun jari da haɓaka kadarori, jigilar kaya, kuɗi, dangantakar masana'antu da sarrafa otal.
Odogwu shi ne mawallafin rusasshiyar Jarida ta Post Express da aka buga a Fatakwal da Legas, ya yi ƙoƙari ya yi amfani da takardar don tallafa wa muradun Igbo a Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya, jaridar na ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka fara rungumar wallafe-wallafe a yanar gizo.
Rayuwa
An haifi Odogwu a jihar Kuros Riba iyayensa 'yan jihar Delta, dan uwa ne ga Violet Odogwu. Ya kammala babbar sakandare ta Ilesha Grammar School, Ilesha a shekarar 1946, bayan ya yi karatu, ya shiga wani kamfanin inshora inda ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ɗaukar horo. A shekarar 1952, ya kafa kamfanin sa mai suna Robert Dyson da Diket, kamfanin dillalan inshora, bugu da ƙari, ya kafa kantin sayar da kayayyakin kasuwanci a matsayin kasuwanci na gefe a tsibirin Legas. A tsakanin shekarun 1954 zuwa 1958, Odogwu ya fita kasar waje domin kara karatu. Bayan ya dawo Najeriya a shekarar 1958, ya zama mataimakin darakta a CT Bowring. Ya zauna tare da CT Bowring na tsawon shekara guda sannan ya tafi ya kafa nasa kayan sayar da inshora mai suna African Insurance Underwriters. A cikin 1965, ya ƙara kasuwancin inshorar rai a cikin fayil ɗin sa, ya kafa Inshorar Prudential na Afirka. Odogwu ya bunkasa kasuwancinsa na inshora kuma ya fara karkata zuwa wasu sassan masana'antu a shekarar 1972. A shekarar 1984, ya koma wasu masana’antu karkashin kungiyar Sunny Iwedike Odogwu (SIO).
Sunny Odogwu ya rasu ne a ranar 6 ga watan Nuwamba, 2018.
Rediyo
Rediyo dai wata akwatin sauti ce da ake sauraren labarai ko kiɗe-kiɗe ko wa'azi da dai sauran su, tun lokaci mai tsawo daya wuce ana amfani da rediyo domin sauraren labarai da wasu mahimman abubuwa, rediyo na ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin da suka fara baiwa mutane damar sanin haƙƙoƙin su a duniya dama sanin abinda ƙasashen duniya ke ciki na yau da kullum. A cikin sadarwar rediyo, ana amfani da su wajen watsa shirye-shiryen rediyo da talabijin, wayoyin hannu, rediyon hanyoyi biyu, sadarwar mara waya, da sadarwar tauraron dan adam, a cikin sauran fa'ida, ana amfani da igiyoyin rediyo don ɗaukar bayanai ta sararin samaniya daga na'urar watsawa zuwa mai karɓa, ta hanyar daidaitawa siginar rediyo (yana burge siginar bayanai akan igiyar rediyo ta hanyar bambanta wani bangare na kalaman) a cikin mai watsawa. A cikin radar, ana amfani da su don ganowa da bin diddigin abubuwa kamar jirgin sama, jiragen ruwa, jiragen sama da makamai masu linzami, igiyar igiyar radiyon da na'urar watsawa ta radar ke fitarwa yana nuna abin da aka yi niyya, kuma raƙuman ruwa da ke fitowa suna bayyana wurin da abun yake. A tsarin kewaya rediyo kamar GPS da VOR, mai karɓar wayar hannu yana karɓar siginar rediyo daga tasoshin rediyon kewayawa waɗanda aka san matsayinsu, kuma ta hanyar auna lokacin isowar igiyoyin rediyo mai karɓa zai iya ƙididdige matsayinsa a duniya. A cikin na'urorin sarrafa nesa na rediyo mara waya kamar drones, masu buɗe kofa na gareji, da tsarin shigarwa marasa maɓalli, siginar rediyo da ake watsawa daga na'urar sarrafawa suna sarrafa ayyukan na'urar nesa.
Aikace-aikace na igiyoyin rediyo waɗanda ba su haɗa da watsa raƙuman ruwa masu nisa ba, kamar dumama RF da ake amfani da su a cikin hanyoyin masana'antu da tanda na microwave, da amfani da likitanci kamar na'urorin diathermy da MRI, yawanci ba a kiran su rediyo. Ana kuma amfani da sunan rediyo don nufin mai karɓar rediyon watsa shirye-shirye.
Masanin kimiyyar lissafi na Jamus Heinrich Hertz ne ya fara tabbatar da wanzuwar igiyoyin rediyo a ranar 11 ga Nuwamba, 1886. A tsakiyar 1890s, ginawa a kan fasahohin masana kimiyya suna amfani da su don nazarin raƙuman ruwa na lantarki, Guglielmo Marconi ya ƙera na'urar farko don sadarwar rediyo mai nisa, yana aika saƙon lambar Morse mara waya zuwa wata tushe mai nisan kilomita daga 1895, da siginar transatlantic ta farko a ranar 12 ga Disamba, 1901. An watsa watsa shirye-shiryen rediyon kasuwanci na farko a ranar 2 ga Nuwamba, 1920 lokacin da Westinghouse Electric da Kamfanin Manufacturing Company ke watsa shirye-shiryen zaben shugaban kasa na Harding-Cox a Pittsburgh, karkashin alamar kira KDKA.
Doka ce ke tsara fitar da igiyoyin rediyo, wanda Ƙungiyar Sadarwar Sadarwa ta Duniya (ITU) ke daidaitawa, wanda ke keɓance madaurin mitar a cikin bakan rediyo don amfani daban-daban.
Fitattun Gidajen rediyo
Akwai gidajen rediyon da ake dasu a duniya sosai ga wasu daga cikin fitattun kafafen yada labarai a duniya
Cibiyar Binciken muhalli a jami'ar Adelaide
Cibiyar Muhalli a Jami'ar Adelaide ta haɗu da ƙungiyoyin bincike a fannonin kimiyya, injiniyanci da tattalin arziki da suka shafi gudanarwa da amfani da albarkatun kasa da abubuwan more rayuwa. Kuma Binciken da aka gudanar a cikin Cibiyar yana nufin ba da gudummawa ga haɓakawa a cikin sarrafa albarkatun ƙasa da suka haɗa da ruwa, ƙasa, ƙasa da flora da fauna na asali, musamman a ƙarƙashin canjin yanayi da yanayin tattalin arziki. An kaddamar da shi a jajibirin Ranar Muhalli ta Duniya, 4 ga Yuni Shekarata 2009. Manufar Cibiyar Muhalli ita ce samar da hanyoyin magance matsaloli masu wuyar gaske ta hanyar haɗa mafi kyawun mutane daga kimiyya, gwamnati da sauran al'umma. Tun daga shekarata 2014, Cibiyar ta ƙunshi cibiyoyi biyar, dakin gwaje-gwaje da shirye-shirye guda biyu.
Panorama Heights, California
Panorama Heights wuri ne da aka tsara (CDP) a cikin Tulare County, California. Panorama Heights yana zaune a tsayin 5043 ft. Ƙididdiga ta Amurka ta 2010 ta bayar da rahoton cewa yawan mutanen Panorama Heights ya kai 41.
Cibiyar Binciken muhalli a jami'ar Adelaide
Fitattun masana kimiyya
Farfesa Barry Brook shine Sir Hubert Wilkins Shugaban Canjin Yanayi a Jami'ar Adelaide. Sannan kuma Ya jagoranci dakin gwaje-gwajen ilimin halittu na Duniya tare da Farfesa Corey Bradshaw wanda ya gaje shi a matsayin Sir Hubert Wilkins Shugaban Canjin Yanayi. Mataimakin Darakta na Cibiyar Muhalli, Farfesa Bronwyn Gillanders, shi ne kuma darektan shirin nazarin halittu na Marine da kuma darektan Cibiyar Bincike da Ci Gaban Gulf Spencer.
Panorama Heights, California
Geography
A cewar Ofishin Kididdiga na Amurka, CDP ya ƙunshi yanki na 0.5 murabba'in mil (1.2 km 2 ), duk ta kasa.
Cibiyar Binciken muhalli a jami'ar Adelaide
Mulki
Hukumar muhalli ce ke tafiyar da Cibiyar Muhalli. Tun daga shekarata 2014, membobinta sun haɗa da:
Panorama Heights, California
Alkaluma
A ƙididdigar 2010 Panorama Heights yana da yawan jama'a 41. Yawan jama'a ya kasance 86.3 PD/sqmi. Tsarin launin fata na Panorama Heights ya kasance 35 (85.4%) Fari, 1 (2.4%) Ba'amurke Ba'amurke, 1 (2.4%) Ba'amurke, 0 (0.0%) Asiya, 0 (0.0%) Ba'amurke, 4 (9.8%) daga wasu jinsi, da 0 (0.0%) daga jinsi biyu ko fiye. Hispanic ko Latino na kowace kabila sun kasance mutane 4 (9.8%).
Cibiyar Binciken muhalli a jami'ar Adelaide
Mulki
Tsoffin mambobin hukumar sun hada da:
Ƙungiyoyi masu alaƙa
Jami'ar Adelaide ta kafa cibiyoyin bincike da yawa ciki har da:
Panorama Heights, California
Alkaluma
Dukan jama'a suna zaune a cikin gidaje, babu wanda ya zauna a cikin rukunin ƙungiyoyin da ba na hukuma ba kuma ba wanda aka kafa.
Akwai gidaje 22, 2 (9.1%) suna da ‘ya’ya ‘yan kasa da shekara 18 suna zaune a cikinsu, 13 (59.1%) ma’auratan maza da mata ne da suke zaune tare, 1 (4.5%) suna da mace mai gida babu miji, 1. (4.5%) na da magidanci namiji da ba mace a wurin. Akwai 0 (0%) marasa aure tsakanin maza da mata, da kuma 0 (0%) ma'aurata ko haɗin gwiwa. Magidanta 7 (31.8%) mutum ɗaya ne kuma 3 (13.6%) suna da wanda ke zaune shi kaɗai wanda ya kai 65 ko fiye. Matsakaicin girman gidan ya kasance 1.86. Akwai iyalai 15 (68.2% na gidaje); matsakaicin girman iyali ya kasance 2.27.
Rarraba shekarun ya kasance mutane 2 (4.9%) a ƙarƙashin shekaru 18, mutane 1 (2.4%) masu shekaru 18 zuwa 24, mutane 2 (4.9%) masu shekaru 25 zuwa 44, mutane 22 (53.7%) masu shekaru 45 zuwa 64, da kuma Mutane 14 (34.1%) waɗanda suka kasance 65 ko fiye. Tsakanin shekarun ya kasance shekaru 58.3. Ga kowane mata 100, akwai maza 115.8. Ga kowane mata 100 masu shekaru 18 zuwa sama, akwai maza 116.7.
Akwai rukunin gidaje 166 a matsakaicin yawa na 349.4 a kowace murabba'in mil, na rukunin da aka mamaye 20 (90.9%) masu mallakar su ne kuma an yi hayar 2 (9.1%). Matsakaicin guraben aikin gida shine 4.8%; yawan aikin haya ya kasance 0%. Mutane 37 (90.2% na yawan jama'a) sun rayu a cikin rukunin gidaje masu mallakar kuma mutane 4 (9.8%) suna zaune a rukunin gidajen haya.
Asabar
Asabar rana ce daga cikin ranakun mako guda bakwai. Daga ita sai ranar Lahadi.
Umm al-Banin
Fāṭimah bint Ḥuzam al-Kulābīyah (da Larbanci فَاطِمَة ٱبْنَت حُزَام ٱلْكِلَابِيَّة, rasuwarta a (683/684) ko 69 A.H. or 69 A.H. (688/689) ) (688/689)), an fi saninta da ʾUmm al-BanĪn (larabci-ar|أُمّ ٱلْبَنِين, ma'ana "Mahaifiyar 'ya'ya maza"), ta kasance matar Ali ibn Abi Talib. 'yar kabilar Banu Kilab Kalbasi, Khasaes al-Abbasiah, (1387 S.H.) ce, P. 63 wani bangare na kabilun Qais Ailan. Umm al-Banin ta auri Ali bin Abi Talib bayan rasuwar matarsa ta farko Fatimah, 'yar Annabin Musulunci, Muhammad (Tsira da aminci Allah su tabbata a gareshi. Ummu al-Banin da Ali suna da 'ya'ya maza guda hudu, waɗanda babban su shi ne Abbas bn Ali, kwamandan sojojin Husain bn Ali a yakin Karbala. Sayyida Ruqayya bint Ali ita ce 'yarta. Shimr ibn Dhi 'l-Jawshan, wanda daga baya ya kashe Husayn bin Ali a wajen yaƙin, ya bai wa Abbas Ibn Ali da dan'uwansa kariya tun kafin a fara wannan yaƙi, amma Abbas Ibn Ali da kisan uwansa sun ƙi shi tunda tayin bai haɗa da Imam Hussain ba Ibn Ali. . Duka diyan Umm al-Banin's an kashe su ne daga baya a yakin karbala  Dukkanin ‘ya’yan Umm al-Banin an kashe su daga baya a yaƙin Karbala.
An yi imanin cewa Umm al-Banin ta mutu a cikin 69 AH (688/689) ko 13 Jumada al-Thani 64 AH (6 Fabrairu 684 ). An binne ta a Jannatul Baqi, makabarta a Madina.
'Ya'ya
Umm ul-Banin na da 'ya'ya maza hudu:
1. Abbas bn Ali
Na biyu. Abbdullah bn Ali
4. Uthman ibn Ali
Waƙoƙin Hausa
Hausawa suna daya daga cikin manya-manyan kabilu a Kasar Najeriya, Nijar, Ghana, Sudan, Kamaru da kuma yawancin kasashen yamma da tsakiyar Afirka. Su kaden ya taka wani muhimmin bangare a cikin ci gaban Nijeriya music, bayar da tasu gudunmuwar da irin wannan abubuwa a matsayin Goje, a daya-stringed irin goge. Akwai nau'ikan kide-kide iri biyu na kide-kide na gargajiya na Hausa: kiɗan mutanen karkara da kiɗan kotun birni. Sun gabatar da tsarin al'adun gargajiya na Afirka wanda har yanzu ya shahara a yau.
Ana yin kiɗan bikin ( rokon fada ) a matsayin alama ta matsayi, kuma gabaɗaya ana zaɓar mawaƙa don dalilai na siyasa sabanin na kiɗa. Ana iya jin kiɗan bikin a sararin mako-mako, sanarwa ce ta sarki wanda ake yi kowace yamma Alhamis.
Courtly yabo-mawaƙa kamar mashahuri Narambada, suna kishin singing cikin falalan wani majiɓinci, kamar wani sultan ko sarkin. Gõdiya songs suna tare da kettledrums da kalangu magana ganguna, tare da kakaki, wani irin dogon ƙaho samu daga cewa amfani da Songhai da sojan doki.
Kiɗan gargajiya na karkara ya haɗa da salon da ke rakiyar rawar asauwara ta 'yan mata da kuma bòòríí ko addinin Bori duka sanannun waƙoƙinsu. An kawo shi har zuwa arewa kamar Tripoli, Libya ta hanyar kasuwancin Saharar Sahara. Cultungiyar ibada ta bòòríí tana ƙunshe da kiɗan trance, wanda alamar calabash, lute ko fiddle ke bugawa. Yayin bukukuwan, mata da sauran kungiyoyin da ke gefe sun fada cikin nutsuwa kuma suna yin wasu halaye marasa kyau, kamar kwaikwayon alade ko halayyar jima'i. Waɗannan mutane an ce mallakar su da hali, kowanne da irin nasa kuɗin (kírààrì). Akwai irin waɗannan kungiyoyin asiri na ruɗi (abin da ake kira "ƙungiyoyin bautar gumaka") da aka samo a yankin Neja Delta.
Fitattun Mawakan Hausa sun hada Muhamman Shata, wanda waka tare da drummers, Dan Maraya, wanda ke taka wata daya-stringed lute kira wani kuntikii, Audo Yaron Goje, wanda ke taka wa Goje, da kuma Ibrahim Na Habu, wanda ke taka a kananan irin goge kira wani kukkuma.
Davide Somma
Davide Enrico Somma (an haife shi a ranar 26 ga watan Maris 1985), tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Afirka ta Kudu wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba. Ya buga wa tawagar ƙwallon ƙafar Afirka ta Kudu ƙwallo a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba kuma fitaccen tarihinsa shi ne a Leeds United. A watan Nuwamban 2010 Somma ya fara buga wa ƙasar Afrika ta Kudu wasan da Amurka. Yanzu yana aiki a matsayin Junior Coach na Long Island United. Somma kuma tana aiki a matsayin kocin ƙwallon ƙafa na maza na Jami'ar Stony Brook.
Matasa da jami'a
An haife shi a Johannesburg, Afirka ta Kudu, Somma ya fara buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa yana ɗan shekara biyar don ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Edenvale a ƙasarsa ta Johannesburg. Bayan ya koma Amurka tare da danginsa lokacin yana ɗan shekara 12, ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Riverview a Sarasota, Florida, kuma ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa tare da Sarasota Storm da St. Pete Raiders.
Ya buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na kwaleji na shekara ɗaya a Kwalejin Tyler Junior a shekarar 2004, inda ya zira ƙwallaye 13 tare da yin rijistar taimako tara, kuma ana kiran shi da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta National Junior College Athletic Association (NJCAA) ƙungiyar farko ta XIV. Bayan kakar wasa ɗaya tare da Tyler, Somma ya shiga Edukick (babban sansanin), shirin makarantar ƙwallon ƙafa na duniya, kuma ya shiga tsarin matasa na ƙungiyar Mutanen Espanya Logroñés, Fasfo na Italiyanci ya ba shi damar yin aiki a Turai.
Italiya
Somma ya rattaba hannu kan kwantiragin shekaru huɗu da kulob ɗin Perugia na Seria A na Italiya a shekara ta 2004. Sai dai Somma bai buga wa ƙungiyar wasa ba saboda shugaban Perugia ya yi fatara da kulob ɗin kuma ya ninka bayan watanni shida. Somma ya koma Pro Vasto, kuma ya buga wasanni 39 don ƙungiyar tsakanin shekarar 2005 da kuma 2007. Daga baya ya taka leda a Olbia kafin ya koma Amurka a shekarar 2008.
Alex Barbour
Alex Barbour (an haife shi ne a ranar 7 ga watan yuni a shekara ta 1862 - ya kuma mutu ne a ranar 29 ga watan satumba a shekara ta 1930) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Sukotilan.
Bolaji Ayinla
Bolaji Yusuf Ayinla (wanda aka fi sani da B.Y.A) ɗan siyasan Nijeriya ne kuma ɗan Majalisar Wakilai ta Nijeriya mai wakiltar Mazabar Mushin II ta Tarayya bayan da ya yi nasara a babban zaɓen Nijeriya na 2015 a ƙarƙashin inuwar jam’iyyar All Progressive Congress.
Rayuwar Farko da Ilimi
Bolaji Ayinla an haife shi a 1960 a Lagos, Najeriya. Ya halarci makarantar sakandaren musulmai, Sagamu, jihar Ogun inda ya samu takardar shedar kammala makarantar sakandaren yammacin Afirka. Ya ci gaba zuwa Cibiyar Nazarin Kasuwanci da Gudanarwa don samun takardar difloma.
Harkar siyasa
Bolaji Ayinla ya fara siyasarsa ne a 2003 bayan an zabe shi ya wakilci mazabarsa a majalisar dokokin jihar Legas daga 2003 zuwa 2015 a karkashin inuwar kungiyar Action Congress of Nigeria. Ya tsaya takarar dan majalisar wakilai ta tarayya a karkashin dandamalin All Progressive Congress kuma ya samu wakilcin mazabar Mushin II ta Tarayya a babban zaben 2015 na Najeriya.
Manazarta
https://www.nassnig.org/mps/single/195
https://www.medianigeria.com/biography-of-bolaji-ayinla/
https://theexplicitnews.wordpress.com/2018/12/18/hon-bya-bolaji-yusuf-ayinla-the-records-the-precedents-the-biography-and-the-next-level/
http://encomium.ng/my-victory-is-god-hard-work-and-sincerity-hon-bolaji-yusuf-ayinla/
Shepherd Murape
Sana'a
Murape ya buga wasan kwallon kafa a kungiyar Harare Dynamos FC da kuma tawagar kasar Zimbabwe.
A cikin shekarar 1976, ya zama manajan-player na Dynamos, kuma ya taimaka ya jagoranci kulob din zuwa ga lashe kofuna da dama. Ya ci gaba da gudanar da sabuwar kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Black Rhinos FC a shekarar 1983.
Murape ya jagoranci tawagar kasar Zimbabwe a shekarar 1981. A shekarar 1994, ya zama mutum na farko da ya jagoranci tawagar kasar Namibiya bayan samun 'yancin kai.
An nada Murape mai kula da kulob din Magesi na Afirka ta Kudu a watan Oktoba 2016.
Ƙwai
Kwai dai wani ruwan sinadarin halittane wanda wasu halittu jinsin mata, sukeyi musammannau'in tsuntsaye, macizai, ƙwari, da wasu dayawa daga dabbobin ruwa kifi da sauransu. Samfarin ƙwai dai mulmulalle ne kuma yawancin kwasfarsa nada karfi musamman na tsuntsaye banda na wasu ƙwari.
Kari bayani
Kamar kifi kuwa nashi nada laushi da kyankyaso da dai sauran su. Dabbobinda keyin ƙwai suna yin shine lokaci bayan lokaci, akwai wadaynda kuma koshi nasa suyi ƙwan kamar agwagwa ta turawa tanayin kwaine lokacin sanyi da damina amma idan zata dinga samun koshi wanda ya wuce daidainta to zata dingayin ƙwai. To ammafa shi wannan nau'in ƙwan saidai aci domin baya ƙyanƙyasuwa saboda ƙoshi yakawoshi ba barbara ba.
Talabijin
Talabijin ita ce na'urar kallon hoton bidiyo.
Alf Ball
Alf Ball (an haife shi a shekara ta 1890 - ya mutu a shekara ta 1952), shi ne dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila.
Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Tarayya, Mubi
Makarantar Federal Polytechnic, Mubi politakanik ce da ke Mubi, Jihar Adamawa, arewa maso gabashin Najeriya.
A Mubi makarantar ta mamaye tsohon ginin Makarantar Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Tarayya (Federal School of Arts and Sciences). A halin yanzu ana gyara abubuwan more rayuwa na tsoohon ginin tare da gyara su don dacewa da bukatun Polytechnic. Kwanan nan an kammala sabbin dakunan gwaje-gwaje na kimiyya da injiniyanci, wuraren bita da ɗakin karatu sun taso a bisa tsarin fasaha na zamani. Madaidaicin dakunan bada lacca, rukunin ɗakin karatu, shingen ofisoshi masu dakuna biyu don sashin Business and General Studies, shingen ofisoshi da azuzuwa na sashen Basic & Applied Sciences, Cibiyar Kimiyyar Noma, Cibiyar Kimiyyar Abinci & Fasaha da ƙarin dakunan kwanan dalibai mata da dai sauransu.
A lokacin da mayar da ita garin Mubi, ta mamaye ginin tshohuwar Makarantar Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Tarayya. Polytechnic ta fara aiki tare da shirye-shirye a cikin Nazarin Farko a fannin Kimiyya da Gudanarwa. Wannan shiryayyun kayayyakin koyarwa sun janyo yawan dalibai da suka shiga makarantar don kamma Difloma ta Kasa a fannuka goma da aka bude a makarantar. Waɗannan su ne Fasahar Noma, Fasahar Abinci da Sinadarai, Kayan Aiki da Nazari, Gudanar da Otal da Abinci, Binciken Filaye, Injiniyan Jama'a, Injiniyan Lantarki, Injin Injiniya, Nazarin Sakatariya da Gudanar da Kasuwanci da Gudanarwa. Daga baya aka gabatar da takardar shedar ilimi ta kasa (NCE) a makarantar a shekarar 1982.
Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Tarayya da ke Mubi, ita ce babbar cibiyar ilimi irinta a shiyyar Arewa-maso-gabas, tana gudanar da tsare-tsaren karantu da ke gudanar da shirye-shirye daban-daban a fannoni daban-daban a matakan Difloma na kasa ta gaba, Difloma na gaba, Diploma ta kasa, Diploma da Certificate. Akwai kuma shirye-shirye na musamman da ake bayarwa a yayin dogon hutu baya ga shirin digiri na Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech.) da aka shirya. Makarantar Polytechnic tana da makarantu shida da Cibiyar Ilimin Harkokin Kasuwanci.
Tun farkon kafuwar ta, makarantar ta yi ƙoƙarin ƙarfafa mutane da yawa tare da ƙwarewar fasaha da na kasuwanci da ake buƙata don yaƙi da rage talauci.
Hadizatou Mani
Hadizatou Mani (an haife ta a shekara ta 1984) ƴar fafutukar kare haƙƙin bil adama ce daga Nijar da ta yi fafutukar 'yantar da kanta daga bauta a kotunan shari'a.
Rayuwa
An haifi Mani a shekara ta 1984 a Nijar. An sayar da ita a bauta/baiwa tana da shekaru goma sha biyu akan dala 500. Bauta haramun ce a Nijar, amma kuma tun daga shekara ta 2003, kuma har yanzu ana bayyana shi. An sanya ta aiki kuma ta haifi 'ya'ya uku ga maigidanta. Ya yi da'awar cewa ita matarsa ce ba kuyangarsa ba. Hakan ya sa ya zarge ta da bigamy lokacin da ta auri wani. An tura Mani gidan yari na tsawon watanni shida amma an ƙarfafa mata gwiwa ta ɗaukaka ƙara.
Bayan da ta yi amfani da kotuna wajen soke hukuncin da aka yanke mata an ba ta diyyar dala 20,000 sannan aka karrama ta da lambar yabo ta mata masu ƙarfin gwiwa ta duniya a shekarar 2009. Ta kasance cikin jerin mutane 100 mafi tasiri a duniya na 2009 na Time Magazine kuma an karrama ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Mata 100 na BBC a cikin Disamba 2022.
Manazarta
<references group="" responsive="1">
Yusuf Alli
Yusuf Alli (An haifeshi ranar 28 ga watan Yuli, 1960) a jahar Legas da ke kasar Nijeriya, tsohon ɗan tsalle-tsalle ne na Najeriya mai ritaya, kuma ɗan wasan Olympian sau uku. An fi saninsa da lambar zinare a wasannin Commonwealth na shekarar 1990.
Mafi kyawun nasa shine mita 8.27, wanda aka samu a Gasar Wasannin Afirka na 1989 a Legas. Wannan shine rikodin Najeriya. kuma 8.39 a wasannin Commonwealth (1990). Ya yi tsalle a kwaleji don Jami'ar Missouri inda har yanzu yake riƙe da bayanan makarantar don tsalle mai tsayi - na cikin gida da na waje (wanda aka saita a 1984 da 1983 bi da bi). Kofin duniya na biyu a wasannin motsa jiki 1989 Barcelona Spain; Kyaftin na Afirka, kyaftin mafi dadewa a Najeriya, daraktan wasan fasaha na tarayyar Najeriya da manajan kwamitin COJA na wasannin Afirka na 8.
Allan Ball
Allan Ball (an haife shi a shekara ta 1943 - ya mutu a shekara ta 2018) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila.
Ginin Red University
Ginin Jami'ar Red ( Ukrainian  ; fassara. Chervonyi Korpus Kyivskoho Universytetu ) ita ce muhimmiya kuma mafi tsufa gini mai hawa 4 na Jami'ar Kyiv dake wuri mai lamba 60 a Unguwar Volodymyrska, a Kyiv, babban birnin Ukraine. Wannan gini muhimmin tambari na na Jami'ar Kyiv da tsarin ilimi na kasar Ukraine.
Tarihi
An gina shi tsakanin shekara ta 1837-1843 kuma an gina shi a cikin wani nau'i na zamani na Classicism, wanda wani mai zane dan kasar Italiya ya tsara mai suna Vincent I. Beretti yana aiki da Daular Rasha. Ginin yana da wani babban zaure wanda ya rufe tsakar gida,
A gargajiyance ana kiransa da Red Corps, ginin yana kusa da sansanin babban harabar makarantar, a yayinmamayewar Rasha na 2022 a Ukraine, an dauki bidiyon wani al'amari a kusa da ginin.
Hanyoyin haɗi na waje
Punainen yliopisto
Amadou Bakayoko
Amadou Bakayoko (an haife shi a shekara ta 1996) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila.