cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Dam ɗin Klerkkraal
Dam ɗin Klerkskraal hade ne dam din nauyi da nau'in baka wanda ke kan kogin Mooi, kusa da Ventersdorp, Arewa maso Yamma, Afirka ta Kudu. An kafa ta a shekara ta 1969 kuma babban manufarsa ita ce aikin ban ruwa. An sanya yuwuwar haɗarin dam ɗin a matsayi babba (3). Dam din kuma sanannen wurin kamun kifi ne a yankin.
Bethel Nnaemeka Amadi
Sana'a
A tsakanin shekarar 2012 zuwa 2015 ya zama shugaban majalisar dokokin Afirka ta Kudu. A ranar 27 ga Mayu 2015 aka zaɓi wanda zai gaje shi Roger Nkodo Dang. Amadi ya rasu a ranar 10 ga watan Fabrairun 2019.
Dam ɗin Klerkkraal
Tarihi
An kammala aikin gina madatsar ruwa a shekarar 1969, yankin da ke bayan dam din ya yi saurin ambaliya fiye da yadda ake tsammani sakamakon ruwan sama da aka yi a yankin wanda ya haifar da fitar da ruwa mai karfi daga manyan magudanan ruwa guda biyu da ke kwarara cikin dam da kuma fitar da ruwa daga magudanan ruwa da dama da ke kewayen dam din. Ambaliyar da sauri ta yi na nufin ba za a iya share wurin da kyau ba kafin tafki ya cika, wanda ya haifar da gine-gine kamar tsohuwar hanya, sandunan tarho da kuma tsohon ginin gidan gona da ambaliyar ta ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin tafki har zuwa yau.
Fauna
Nau'in kifi na asali a cikin dam sun haɗa da Sharptooth Catfish (clarias gariepinus), Orange River Mudfish (labeo capensis), Moggel (labeo umbratus),
Banded Tilapia (tilapia sparrmanii), Kudancin Mouthbrooder (pseudocrenilabrus philander), Barb tabo uku (e nteromius trimaculatus), Chubbyhead Barb (e nteromius anoplus), madaidaiciya-fin Barb (e nteromius paludinosus) da Smallmouth Yellowfish (labeobarbus aeneus) da kuma nau'ikan da aka gabatar. sun hada da Carp Common (cyprinus carpio), Largemouth Bass (micropterus dolomieu), Swordtail (Xiphophorus hellerii) da kuma Yammacin Sauro (gambusia affinis).
Ana iya ganin tsuntsayen ciyawa 236 a yankin. Eagle Kifi na Afirka da Martial Eagle mazauna ne a madatsar ruwa da kewayenta da kuma Cape Clawless Otters, Warthog, Common Duiker, Steenbok, Caracal, Baƙar fata Jackal, Cape Fox, Cape Porcupine, Honey Badger, Aardvark, Aardwolf, Cape Pangolin, Bushiya na Afirka da Tsige Polecat.
Ana iya ganin kadangaru na Nile da Rock Monitor, Rock Python na Afirka, Bullfrog na Afirka kuma ana iya gani a kusa da dam.
Flora
An kewaye dam ɗin gaba ɗaya da redu (Phragmites mauritianus) in ban da ƴan ɗigon buɗe ido 5 ko 6 kawai don harba jirgin ruwa. Har ila yau, dam din yana da faci mai yawa na Potamogeton pectinatus, Lagarosiphon verticilifolia, Lagarosiphon major, Hydrilla verticillata, Elodea canadensis, Myriophyllum spicatum. Wurin da ke kewaye da dam ɗin wani yanki ne na ciyayi na Highveld mai tarwatsewar bishiyoyin acacia ( Vachellia karroo ), wanda aka fi sani da ƙaya mai daɗi da Haak-en-steek ( Acacia tortilis )
Yanayin Ƙasa
Dam din yana kewaye da aƙalla maɓuɓɓugan karst guda 7 waɗanda 2 ne kawai ke da kwararar ruwa na dindindin a duk shekara, sauran idanun ƙarya ne, kawai suna gudana a lokacin rani bayan damina. Babban ido ana kiransa Bovenste Oog wanda ke jawo ruwa daga sashin Turffontein.
Angling
Dam ɗin ya shahara sosai a tsakanin masu bass anglers tare da kwale-kwale ko abin hawa. Saboda gaskiyar cewa mafi yawan magudanar ruwa suna hari bass ne kawai a madatsar ruwa, irin kifi da kifin sun girma zuwa girma da yawa.
Ban ruwa
Katangar dam tana da bawul da ke haɗa tafki zuwa magudanar ruwa don gonakin da ke ƙarƙashin dam ɗin.<mapframe latitude="-26.197845" longitude="27.164602" zoom="13" width="261" height="307" align="right" />
Wilson Asinobi Ake
Wilson Asinobi Ake (an haife shi a ranar 21 ga watan Satumban shekarar 1955) tsohon ɗan majalisar dattawan Najeriya ne wanda ya wakilci yankin Rivers West daga shekarar 2007 zuwa 2015. Ɗan jam'iyyar PDP ne.
Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Ake ya sami digiri na farko a Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha, Fatakwal, Jihar Ribas.
Sana'ar siyasa
Ya kasance mataimakin shugaban tsohuwar ƙaramar hukumar Ahoada daga shekarar 1990 zuwa 1991), kuma daraktan gidan talabijin na jihar Ribas daga shekara ta 1992 zuwa 1993. An zaɓe shi ɗan majalisar wakilai daga 1999 zuwa 2003.
Wilson Ake ya sake zama ɗan takarar PDP na Sanatan Rivers West a zaɓen shekarata 2011. Ya samu ƙuri’u 34,931, inda ya ke gaban wanda ya zo na biyu daga jam’iyyar ACN da ƙuri’u 6,446.
Rayuwa ta sirri
Ake yana da aure kuma yana da ɗa 1
Kungiyar Bada Shawara ta Yahudawa
CCJO RenéCassin ne mai kare hakkin dan adam NGO cewa ayyukan da ya inganta da kuma kare hakkin dan adam a duniya, jawo a kan Yahudawa abubuwan da dabi'u. Kungiyar tana yin hakan ta hanyar kamfen don canji a cikin fannonin haƙƙin ɗan adam da aka ayyana ta hanyar haɗakarwa da ba da shawara, nazarin manufofi, kamfen ɗin jama'a da ilimi da haɓaka ƙarfin masu fafutuka da lauyoyi don haɓaka da kare haƙƙin ɗan adam. Kungiyar tana aiki a cikin yankuna na haƙƙin ɗan adam waɗanda ke da alaƙa da kwarewar yahudawa, kamar wariya, mafaka, da kisan kare dangi. Kungiyar tana riƙe da matsayi na musamman na shawarwari tare da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a matsayin ƙungiyar Ba da Shawara ta Yahudawa (CCJO). Shugaban CCJO na farko shi ne René Cassin, babban mai tsara dokar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da Hakkokin Dan-Adam, wanda aka ba shi lambar yabo ta Nobel a shekarar 1968  don yaba da aikinsa na kare hakkin dan Adam a matsayinsa na masanin shari’a, masani kuma dan kasa. CCJO ya kasance mai ba da goyon baya ga ƙoƙari don haɓaka tasirin yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da haƙƙin ɗan adam da kuma tsarin hukumomi a cikin shekaru masu zuwa. Daga shekara ta 1940 zuwa 1970s ta shiga cikin ƙirƙirar kayan kare haƙƙin bil'adama na Majalisar Duniya, waɗanda suka zama tushen ayyukan Majalisar rightsinkin Duniya na 'yancin ɗan adam a yau.
CCJO René Cassin kwanan nan yayi shawarwari game da tunannin farko game da haƙƙin ƙungiya / haɗin kai a cikin kayan aikin Majalisar Nationsinkin Duniya (Ka'idodin Asali kan Hakki ga Waɗanda Aka Ci zarafi). Ka'idodin sun amince da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a watan Nuwamba shekarata 2005. Kungiyar ta kuma gudanar da kamfe kan hakkin ‘yan gudun hijira, rigakafin kisan kare dangi, ‘ yancin addini, daidaito tsakanin kabilu da kuma batun maido da kasashen duniya. CCJO René Cassin kuma yana ba da shirye-shiryen ilimantar da ɗan adam da zaman horo.
Kungiyar ta fi mayar da hankali ne a Burtaniya, amma tana da magoya baya a duk Turai, musamman a Faransa.
Danny Silverstone shine shugaban kungiyar na yanzu, kuma Mia Hasenson-Gross Daraktan ta shekarar (2018).
Tun da farko Alexander Goldberg ne ya shugabanci kungiyar wanda ya kasance a matsayin babban wakili a kwamitin kare hakkin dan adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da kuma Daniel Kingsley.
Tarihi
Tun da kafa tushen sa a cikin Burtaniya a wannan lokacin, RC ya girma kuma ya ƙware. A cikin shekarata 2003, RC ya fara yin hulɗa tare da jama'ar yahudawa a cikin Burtaniya don haɓaka wayar da kan jama'a game da haƙƙin ɗan adam da ƙarfafa gwagwarmaya, ta hanyar karɓar jerin manyan al'amuran jama'a, kuma gami da mahawara da taro. Masu magana a waɗannan abubuwan sun hada da Dame Ruth Deech, Dr Indarjit Singh da Peter Tatchell.
A cikin shekarar 2005, RC ta ƙaddamar da shirin ilimi don makarantun sakandare a cikin Burtaniya game da kisan kare dangi, ƙaura da kuma haƙƙin yaro. A cikin shekarata 2005 kawai, wannan shirin ya kai sama da yaran makarantar sakandare na yahudawa 3000. Continuedungiyar ta ci gaba da ba da fifiko ga ilimi, samar da kayan ilimi ga malamai, tare da yin aiki tare da manyan makarantun sakandaren yahudawa biyar don ilimantar da kan halin da ake ciki a Darfur, Sudan.
RC ta cigaba da ɗaukar wakilai zuwa Majalisar Kare Hakkin Bil'adama ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya tare da goyon bayan CCJO. A cikin shekarar 2005 a matsayin wani ɓangare na kamfen don sake biyan waɗanda ke fama da kisan kare dangi, wakilan RC sun tattauna tattaunawar farko game da haƙƙin rukuni a cikin wani kayan aikin Majalisar Unitedinkin Duniya (Ka'idodin Aiki kan 'Yancin Waɗanda Aka Ci zarafinsu).
RC na ci gaba da kamfe kan batutuwan da suka hada da shige da fice, ta'addanci da azabtarwa a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.
A farkon shekarunsa, RC wasu matasa lauyoyi ne suka jagoranta, Alexander Goldberg da kuma Daniel Kingsley. Employedungiyar ta yi amfani da Darakta na cikakken lokaci na farko, Clive Gabay a cikin 2005, wanda Sarah Kaiser ta gaji a shekarata 2006. Kaiser ya ci gaba da ba da fifiko ga aikin ilimantarwa, haɓaka albarkatu da yawa da shirye-shiryen ilimin da ke mai da hankali kan addinin Yahudanci da 'yancin ɗan adam, da gudanar da al'amuran. A cikin watan Oktoba na shekarata 2010, Simone Abel, wani lauya tare da gogewa a Human Rights Watch, New York, da wasu manyan kamfanonin lauyoyi biyu na duniya suka gaje Kaiser. A ƙarshen shekarar 2011, Shauna Leven, shi ma lauya ne, ya shiga RC a matsayin Manajan Shirye-shirye a 2011 kuma aka naɗa Darakta a shekarata 2013. Leven ya bar René Cassin a cikin Disamba shekarar 2014 kuma an maye gurbinsa a matsayin Darakta a Yuni shekarata 2015 ta Mia Hasenson-Gross.
Tun lokacin da aka nada Abel, kungiyar ta fi mai da hankali kan aikin bayar da shawarwari baya ga abubuwan bayar da ilimi. Beganungiyar ta fara aiki a kan batutuwan da suka shafi nuna wariya ga Gypsies, Matafiya da Roma a Burtaniya da Turai a shekarar 2010, da bautar zamani da tallafi na humanancin Burtaniya na cikin gida a cikin shekarata 2011, samar da takardu na siyasa, dabarun neman shawarwari da kayan ilimi. Tun shekara ta 2010, kungiyar ta ƙara yin aiki tare da haɗin gwiwar sauran ƙungiyoyi don cimma burinta na ba da shawarwari ta hanya mafi inganci da inganci.
RC ta ci gaba da aikin ba da shawarwari na ƙasashen duniya kuma, shiga cikin zaman ciki har da Sashen Babban Mataki na ECOSOC, da Nazarin Lokutan Duniya da Majalisar Rightsancin Dan Adam.
Ilimi
RC ta himmatu wajen samar da ilimin haƙƙin ɗan adam mai kawo canji tun a shekarar 2003, kuma da farko ta haɓaka wadatattun kayan aiki da nufin yara yan makarantar sakandare. A shekara ta 2008, a ranar duniya ta Darfur, kungiyar ta gudanar da taronta na cikakken yini na farko mai taken 'Menene Bayahude game da' Yancin Dan Adam? ' kuma taron ya zama tsayayyen shekara-shekara.
Kwanan baya, kungiyar ta mai da hankali kan ilimin haƙƙin ɗan adam don ƙwararrun ƙwararrun matasa, yahudawa gabaɗaya, da ci gaba da haɓaka ƙwararrun lauyoyi.
RC tana gudanar da shirin ilimantarwa na shekara-shekara mai taken Kaddamar da Ingantaccen Activan gwagwarmaya, wanda ke haɓaka ƙungiyoyin ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararru zuwa masu himma da himma da ɗaukar su zuwa Geneva, Strasbourg da Hague don yin kamfen a gaban ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da ƙasa. Kungiyar ta gudanar da wannan shirin cikin nasara tun shekara ta 2008 kuma tana da kimantawa na ilimi mai zaman kanta wanda ya kammala cewa shirin yana ƙara ƙimar gaske ga ba da shawara-horar da matasa ƙwararru.
Har ila yau, kungiyar ta gudanar da Shirin René Cassin Fellowship Program, (RCFP) wanda ke tattare da matasa kwararrun yahudawa daga Turai, Isra’ila da Amurka don bincika batutuwan da suka shafi hakkin dan Adam ta hanyar tabarau na musamman na yahudawa. Tana ba wa ƙwararrun yahudawa ilimi, ƙwarewa da tuntuɓar da ake buƙata don haɓaka gwagwarmayar su a fagen adalci na zamantakewar al'umma, haƙƙin ɗan adam na duniya ko fannoni masu alaƙa. A cikin shekarata 2013, Shirin Fellowship na tsawon shekara ya gudanar da taron karawa juna sani a kowane wata tare da babban memba a kan tsarin karatun da aka tsara musamman don haɗin gwiwa. Hakanan abokan aikin suna halartar ziyarar lokaci zuwa lokaci ta manyan lauyoyi na 'yancin ɗan adam, masana, masu gwagwarmaya, da shugabannin gari. RCFP ta ƙunshi manyan tafiye-tafiye biyu - a watan Yuni, san uwan sun shiga yawon bincikensu zuwa Isra’ila, kuma a lokacin bazara akwai tafiya zuwa Geneva don wakilan Turai da na Isra’ila.
kungiyar Kare Hakkin Bil'adama ta Yahudawa
A watan Mayun shekarata 2008 RenéCassin ya ƙaddamar da Networkungiyar Kare Hakkin Bil'adama ta yahudawa da nufin haɗuwa da manyan ƙungiyoyin kare haƙƙin ɗan adam na yahudawa don ƙarfafa muryar yahudawa a cikin al'ummomin duniya. Kungiyar tana buɗewa ga kowace ƙungiya ko ɗayan mutane waɗanda suka yi rajista game da Sanarwa game da 'Yancin Dan Adam da Yahudanci. Sanarwar ta sami sa hannun wasu mashahuran mutane a cikin yahudawa da ma duniya baki daya 'yancin dan adam wadanda suka hada da shugaban kwamitin wakilai na yahudawan Birtaniyya, Babban Lauyan kasar, Francesca Klug OBE da Babban Rabbi. Ya zuwa na shekarar 2013, JHRN ba ya aiki.
Ahmad Saidi Muhammad Daud
Ahmad Saidi bin Mohamad Daud ɗan siyasan Malaysia ne. Ya kasance memba na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Perak na Changkat Jering kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Kwamishinan Jihar Peraki.
Lilli Palmer
Lilli Palmer (German:[ˈlɪ.li ˈpal.mɐ](</img ;An haifi Lilli Marie Peiser;24 Mayu 1914-27 Janairu 1986) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce kuma marubuci Bajamushe.Bayan ta fara aikinta a fina-finan Burtaniya a cikin 1930s,daga baya za ta sauya zuwa manyan shirye-shiryen Hollywood,inda ta sami lambar yabo ta Golden Globe Award saboda rawar da ta yi a But Not for Me (1959).
Sauran manyan ayyuka sun haɗa da a cikin wasan ban dariya The Pleasure of His Company (1961), fim ɗin ban tsoro na Sipaniya The House That Screamed (1969),da kuma a cikin miniseries Peter the Great(1986),wanda ya ba ta wani zaɓi na lambar yabo ta Golden Globe.Don aikinta a fina-finan Turai,Palmer ta lashe kofin Volpi,da Deutscher Filmpreis sau uku.
Rayuwar farko
Palmer,wacce ta dauki sunan sunanta daga wata 'yar wasan Ingila da ta sha'awar,tana daya daga cikin 'ya'ya mata uku da ya haifa.,Likitan Yahudanci Bajamushe,da Rose Lissman (ko Lissmann),yar wasan wasan kwaikwayo na Yahudawan Austriya a Posen, Prussia,Jamus (Poznań,Poland).
Sana'a
Ta auri ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Rex Harrison a ranar 25 ga Janairu 1943,kuma ta bi shi zuwa Hollywood a 1945.Ta sanya hannu tare da Warner Brothers kuma ta fito a cikin fina-finai da yawa,musamman Cloak and Dagger (1946)da Jiki da Soul (1947).
Ta fito lokaci-lokaci a cikin wasan kwaikwayo da kuma daukar nauyin shirye-shiryen talabijin nata a cikin 1951.
Harrison da Palmer sun bayyana tare a cikin buga wasan Broadway play Bell,Book da Candle a farkon shekarun 1950.Sun kuma bayyana a cikin 1951 melodrama na Burtaniya The Long Dark Hall,kuma daga baya sun yi tauraro a cikin fim din fim din The Four Poster (1952),wanda ya dogara ne akan wasan Broadway wanda ya lashe lambar yabo mai suna iri daya, wanda Jan de Hartog ya rubuta.Ta lashe Kofin Volpi don Mafi kyawun Jaruma a 1953 don Hoton Hudu.
Harrison da Palmer sun sake aure a 1956;suna da ɗa guda,Carey,an haife shi a 1944.
Palmer published a memoir, Change Lobsters and Dance, in 1975. Reminiscences by Vivian Matalon and Noël Coward (Matalon directed Palmer in the premiere production of Coward's trilogy Suite in Three Keys in 1966) suggest that Palmer was not always the patient and reasonable person she represented herself as being in this autobiography. She wrote a full-length work of fiction presented as a novel rather than a memoir, The Red Raven, in 1978.
Rayuwa ta sirri
Auren farko na Palmer shine Rex Harrison a 1943.Sun sake aure cikin aminci a shekara ta 1957,domin ya auri yar wasan kwaikwayo Kay Kendall da ba ta da lafiya kafin mutuwarta.Palmer ya amince tun da ta riga ta shiga tare da mijinta na gaba,Carlos Thompson. Palmer ya auri ɗan wasan Argentine Carlos Thompson daga 1957 har zuwa mutuwarta a Los Angeles daga ciwon daji na ciki a cikin 1986 yana da shekaru 71.Ta rasu ta bar mijinta,danta,yayanta,da tsohon mijinta.
Palmer yana shiga cikin Forest Lawn Memorial Park,Glendale,California.Wani yanki na tokar mijinta na farko,Rex Harrison,ya watse a kan kabarinta.
Wasanni a Lesotho
Wasanni wani yanki ne na al'adun Lesotho. Wasan ƙwallon ƙafa shi ne mafi shaharar wasa a ƙasar.
Tarihi
Lesotho ta fara shiga gasar Olympics a shekarar 1972.
Wasan Kurket
Tawagar cricket ta Lesotho abokiyar zama memba ce ta ICC.
Ƙwallon ƙafa
Wasan kwallon kafa shine mafi shaharar wasanni a kasar. Tawagar ƙasa, wacce Hukumar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Lesotho ke wakilta tana wakiltar Lesotho a gasa daban-daban, duk da haka, ba ta taɓa samun cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ba. Gasar Premier Lesotho ita ce ta farko a gasar ta kasar.
Manazarta
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Chinnaka
Harbi
Chinnaka gwanine wurin iya cizo musamman idan ya shiga Riga ko wando, yanada kafafuwa guda shida kamar yadda sauran jinsindu suke.
Alexandria Villaseñor
Alexandria Villaseñor (an haife ta a ranar 18 ga Watan Mayun, shekara ta 2005) Ba'amurkiya ce mai rajin kare yanayi da ke zaune a ƙasar New York. Mai bin Juma'a don gwagwarmayar nan gaba da kuma wani dan rajin kare muhalli Greta Thunberg, Villase isor shi ne wanda ya kirkiro Kungiyar Matasan Yanayin Amurka kuma ya kafa Tashin Duniya.
Tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Villaseñor a Shekara ta 2005 a Davis, California, inda ta girma. Iyalin sun ƙaura daga arewacin California zuwa New York yayin shekara ta 2018. Villaseñor Latina ce. Burinta shine wata rana tayi aiki ga Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.
Kunnawa
Villaseñor ta yaki ga sauyin yanayi mataki da aka sparked a lokacin da ta kama a wani hayaki girgije daga Nuwamban shekara ta 2018 Camp wuta a California a lokacin wani iyali ziyarar. A matsayinta na mai fama da cutar asma, ta kamu da rashin lafiya a jiki, a wannan lokacin ta yi bincike kan canjin yanayi da hauhawar yanayin zafi wanda ya taimaka ga tsananin wutar. Mahaifiyarta, Kristin Hogue, ta shiga cikin MA a cikin shirin Climate da Society a Jami'ar Columbia kuma Villaseñor wani lokaci tana zuwa aji tare da mahaifiyarta, inda ta koya game da tushen ilimin canjin yanayi. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan haka, ta shiga babin New York na Zero Hour, ƙungiyar gungun matasa masu gwagwarmaya da sauyin yanayi a Amurka.
Villaseñor ta dauki irin wannan matakin na yanayi ga Thunberg, wanda ya karfafa mata gwiwa tare da jawabinta na 4 ga Disamba, 2018 a taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Sauyin Yanayi (COP24) a Katowice, Poland. Tun ranar 14 ga Disamban Shekara ta 2018 (yayin da ake COP24), tana tsallake makaranta kowace Juma’a don nuna rashin amincewa da rashin daukar matakin sauyin yanayi a gaban Hedikwatar Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da ke New York. Ba ta sake kasancewa tare da kungiyar Matasan Amurka na Matasan Yanayi kuma ta kafa kungiyar koyar da sauyin yanayi sauyin Duniya.
A watan Mayun shekara ta 2019, Villaseñor shine wanda aka bashi kyautar Disruptor Award daga Tribeca Disruptive Innovation Awards (TDIA), sami tallafin karatu daga ƙungiyar bayar da shawarwari game da jama'a mai kyau,   kuma an ba ta lambar yabo ta Jagoran Matasa. daga Hanyar Sadarwar Duniya.
Lokacin da Thunberg ta isa Birnin New York daga jirgin ruwanta na jirgin ruwa a watan Agustan shekara ta 2019, Villaseñor, Xiye Bastida, da sauran masu rajin kare yanayin sun tarbi Thunberg lokacin da suka iso. A wannan lokacin, sun riga sun kulla hulɗa da juna ta kafofin sada zumunta.
A tsakiyar Oktoban shekara ta 2019, ta halarci Taron Magajin Duniya na C40 a Copenhagen, Denmark.
A tsakiyar Janairu 2020, ta halarci Taron Tattalin Arziki na Duniya a matsayinta na mai magana da matasa sannan kuma ta shiga yajin aikin Makaranta don yanayi a Davos, Switzerland tare da Greta Thunberg a ranar 24 ga Janairun, 2020.
A ranar 19 ga Agusta, 2020, Alexandria ta yi jawabi ga Babban Taron Demokraɗiyya a matsayin ɓangare na ɓangarorinsu game da canjin yanayi.
A ranar 1 ga Disambar, 2020, mujallar Goma sha Bakwai</i> ta ambace ta a matsayin ɗayan Voan Muryoyinsu na shekarar 2020.
Dam din Bongolo (Afirka ta Kudu)
Dam ɗin Bongolo, (wanda kuma aka rubuta Bonkolo) yana kan kogin Komani, kusa da Queenstown, Gabashin Cape, Afirka ta Kudu. Dam ɗin yana da karfin 7015000 m3. Dam ɗin Bongolo, kimanin 5 km daga garin da ke kan titin Dordrecht, ɗayan manyan hanyoyin ruwa ne na Queenstown, babban manufarsa don amfanin masana'antu da na birni. An gina katangar a shekara ta 1905 sannan kuma ta kasance katangar dam mafi girma a Afirka ta Kudu tsawon shekaru. Ba zato ba tsammani asalin sunan Bongola ya haifar da wasu cece-kuce, amma wasu sun yarda cewa an samo shi ne daga kalmar Xhosa ta yaren mbongolo ma'ana jaki, saboda an yi amfani da waɗannan dabbobi sosai wajen gina madatsar ruwa.
Mbazulike Amaechi
Cif Mbazulike Amaechi (16 ga watan Yunin 1929 - 1 ga watan Nuwamban 2022) wanda aka fi sani da The Boy Is Good dattijon Najeriya ne.
Ya taɓa zama ministan sufurin jiragen sama na farko a jamhuriya ta farko a Najeriya. Ya kasance babban jigo na Harkar Zikist. Bayan dakatar da harkar, ya zama Babban Sakatare Janar na Matasan NCNC, reshen matasa na NCNC.
Mutuwa
An haifi Amaechi kuma ya mutu a garinsu na Ukpor, a ranar 1 ga watan Nuwamban 2022, yana da shekaru 93.
Wasanni a Saliyo
Wasanni muhimman bangare ne na al'ummar Saliyo kuma ƙwallon ƙafa ita ce wasan da aka fi buga wasan ta a ƙasar. Wasannin guje-guje da tsalle-tsalle, ƙwallon kwando, dambe da wasan kurket suma wasanni ne na gama gari a ƙasar. Saliyo ta zama ƙasar Afirka ta farko da ta shiga ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta duniya.
Ƙwallon ƙafa a Saliyo
Wasan ƙwallon ƙafa shi ne mafi shaharar wasanni a Saliyo. Tawagar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Saliyo, wadda hukumar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Saliyo ke tafiyar da ita, an fi saninta da Leone Stars kuma tana wakiltar ƙasar a gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta duniya. Ko da yake tawagar ba ta taɓa samun gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ba, sun shiga gasar cin kofin nahiyar Afirka a shekarar 1994 da 1996.
Ƙwallon Kwando a Saliyo
Tawagar kwallon kwando ta kasar Saliyo tana wakiltar Saliyo a gasar kwallon kwando ta maza ta kasa da kasa kuma hukumar ƙwallon kwando ta Saliyo ce ke kula da ita. Tawagar ta galibi ta gida ce, ba ta da 'yan wasa 'yan kasashen waje.
Wasan Kurket a Saliyo
Tawagar wasan kurket ta Saliyo ita ce tawagar da ke wakiltar kasar Saliyo a wasannin kurket na kasa da kasa. Sun zama memba mai alaƙa na Majalisar Wasan Kurket ta Duniya a cikin shekarar 2002. Sun fara buga wasansu na farko na kasa da kasa ne a gasar cin kofin kasashen Afirka a shekara ta 2004, inda suka kare a karshe cikin kungiyoyi takwas. Sun dawo a daidai wannan gasa a shekarar 2006, Division Uku na yankin Afirka na gasar cin kofin Cricket ta Duniya, inda suka sami babban ci gaba, a wannan karon sun kare a matsayi na biyu zuwa Mozambique, kuma kawai sun rasa samun ci gaba zuwa rukuni na biyu.
Wasan Ninƙaya da Kamun Kifi
Wasannin ruwa da ayyukan nishadi a cikin 'yan shekarun nan sun haifar da ci gaba mai ƙarfi na Diving Scuba da Fishing Sport. Ana iya bincika ɓarkewar jiragen ruwa na tarihi a cikin ruwa maras zurfi yayin da ɗimbin rayuwar ruwa ke yin nutse mai launi. Kifin mai yawa yana ƙarfafa masu kifin daga ko'ina cikin duniya don gwada sa'ar su tare da kama rikodin duniya. Mafi kyawun yanki don nutsewar ruwa da kamun kifi shine Tsibirin Banana.
Yoga a Saliyo
Tun daga shekara ta 2014, yoga "yana ƙara zama sananne," godiya ga ƙoƙarin wata ƙungiya mai suna "Yoga Strength" karkashin jagorancin Tamba Fayla, tsohon sojan yara wanda ya zama "malamin yoga na farko na kasar".
Moussa Moumouni Djermakoye
Aikin soja da na siyasa
A matsayinsa na hafsan soji mai muƙamin Kanal Moussa Moumouni Djermakoye shi ne babban hafsan sojoji a lokacin da sojoji suka yi juyin mulki a ranar 9 ga watan Afrilun shekarar 1999 suka kashe shugaba Ibrahim Bare Mainassara. A cikin ruɗanin da ya biyo bayan juyin mulkin, an nuna cewa zai iya shugabancin gwamnatin mulkin da ta karbi mulki, amma a maimakon haka sai aka naɗa shi a matsayin ministan tsaron ƙasa a gwamnatin riƙon ƙwarya ta mulkin soja, wanda aka naɗa mako guda bayan juyin mulkin. Canjin ya ƙare tare da rantsar da zaɓaɓɓen shugaban ƙasa, Mamadou Tandja, a ranar 22 ga Disamba 1999.
Wasanni a Saliyo
Saliyo a kasashen waje
Baƙi na Saliyo masu aiki sun haɗa da Mohamed Sanu na Atlanta Falcons da Kei Kamara na Colorado Rapids.
Wani fitaccen dan wasa shine Madieu Williams. Williams, wanda aka haifa a Saliyo a cikin shekarar 1981, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Amurka wanda ya fara lafiya tare da Minnesota Vikings a Amurka.
Moussa Moumouni Djermakoye
Aikin soja da na siyasa
Djermakoye ɗan uwa ne ga Moumouni Adamou Djermakoye, wanda ya jagoranci jam'iyyar ANDP, jam'iyyar siyasa, tun daga lokacin da aka ƙirƙiro ta a farkon shekarar 1990 har zuwa rasuwarsa a watan Yunin 2009. Bayan juyin mulkin da ya hamɓarar da Tandja a watan Fabrairun 2010, an naɗa Djermakoye a matsayin mai ba da shawara na musamman ga shugaban majalisar ƙoli kan maido da dimokuradiyya, Salou Djibo, a cikin Maris 2010.
Djermakoye, bayan ya yi ritaya daga aikin soja, an zaɓe shi don ya gaji ɗan'uwansa a matsayin Shugaban jam'iyyar ANDP a wani babban taron jam'iyya a ranar 20 ga Yuni 2010. Ya lashe zaɓen cikin sauki; ya samu kuri'u 278, yayin da Amadou Nouhou ya samu ƙuri'u 85, Ali Seyni Gado ya samu ƙuri'u 66. Da yake magana da jaridar Le Sahel bayan kammala taron, ya ce bai ga cewa ya sauya sheƙa daga aikin soja zuwa shugabancin jam'iyyar siyasa ba. Duk da cewa ba shi da gogewa a siyasance saboda hidimar da ya yi a soja, amma ya lura cewa duk da haka ya riƙe muƙaman gudanarwa a lokutan mulkin soja don haka yana ganin ya isa ya taka rawar gani. Daga baya aka tsayar da shi ɗan takarar jam'iyyar ANDP a zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na watan Janairun 2011, kuma majalisar riƙon ƙwarya ta amince da takararsa, tare da wasu mutane tara a ranar 22 ga Disamba 2010.
A zagayen farko na zaɓen shugaban ƙasar da aka gudanar a ranar 31 ga watan Janairun 2011, Djermakoye ya samu kashi 3.95% na ƙuri'un da aka kaɗa. A ranar 10 ga watan Fabrairun 2011, ya bayyana goyon bayansa ga takarar shugaban ƙasa a zagaye na farko, Mahamadou Issoufou, a zagaye na biyu. Djermakoye na ɗaya daga cikin 'yan takarar zagayen farko da ba su yi nasara ba, waɗanda suka ba da goyon bayansu ga Issoufou a wancan lokacin, inda ya taimaka wajen bai wa Issoufou zarafi a yaƙin neman zaɓensa na zagaye na biyu da Seyni Oumarou.
Djermakoye ya kuma tsaya a matsayin ɗan takarar jam'iyyar ANDP a zaɓen 'yan majalisa na watan Janairun 2011 kuma an zaɓe shi a majalisar dokokin ƙasar. An naɗa shi a matsayin Shugaban Majalisar Tattalin Arziki, Zamantakewa da Al'adu, wata cibiyar jiha, a ranar 9 ga Disamba 2011. Sakamakon haka ya bar kujerar majalisar.
A babban taron jam'iyyar ANDP na shida da aka gudanar a Maraɗi a ranakun – ga watan Mayun 2015, an sake zaɓen Djermakoye a matsayin shugaban jam'iyyar ANDP. Djermakoye bai sake tsayawa takara a zaɓen shugaban ƙasa da za a yi a watan Fabrairun 2016 ba, yayin da jam'iyyar ANDP ta zaɓi amincewa da takarar shugaba mai ci Mahamadou Issoufou a zagayen farko na zaɓen.
Ya mutu a ranar 19 ga Nuwamba 2017 a Paris, Faransa yana da shekaru 73.
Kyaututtuka
Moussa Moumouni Djermakoye ya sami kyaututtuka da yawa:
Dam ɗin Wolwedans
Dam ɗin Wolwedans, wani dam ɗin kankare ne a Afirka ta Kudu da ke kan babban kogin Brak kusa da Mossel Bay, Western Cape, Afirka ta Kudu. Dam ɗin shi ne babban hanyar samar da ruwa ga ƙaramar hukumar Mossel Bay da kuma matatar gas-zuwa-ruwa PetroSA. Dam ɗin yana aiki ne musamman don samar da ruwan sha na birni da masana'antu.
Zane
An kammala shi a farkon shekarar 1990, shi ne na farko a cikin duniya guda ɗaya madatsar ruwa mai ƙarfin nauyi da aka yi da simintin abin nadi wanda ya dogara da cikakken aikin baka mai girma uku don samun kwanciyar hankali. Babbar madatsar ruwa mai tsayin mita 70 yana da fuskar sama a tsaye da kuma fuska mai gangara a gangaren 0.5:1 (H:V). Yana da radius extrados akai-akai na 135 m da tsayin crest na 268 m. Ƙarfin da ba ya zubewa yana da faɗin mita 5. An gina dam ɗin ne da siminti mai kauri mai kauri mai tsayin mita 0.25 tare da haɗaɗɗen haɗin gwiwa a tazarar m 10 tare da cire ɗaure kowane Layer na 4. RCC kusan 200000 m3  an sanya shi a cikin watan Oktoba da Nuwambar 1988 da tsakanin watan Mayu da Nuwambar 1989. Abubuwan haɗin gwiwar da aka haifar an grouted a cikin hunturu, tsakanin Yuli da Nuwambar 1993. An cika tafki mai ƙarfi a cikin shekarar 1992. Abubuwan haɗin RCC sun kasance:
Blair Braverman
Blair Braverman (an haifeta a shekara ta 1988) 'yar wasan 'yar ƙasar Amurka ne, 'yar tseren karnuka, musher, marubuciyar shawara kuma marubuciyar almara. Tayi tsere kuma ta kammala Iditarod na shekara ta 2019, 1000 mi tseren karnuka daga Anchorage zuwa Nome, Alaska.
A cikin shekarar 2016, Ƙungiyar Masana'antu tawaje ta zaɓi Braverman amatsayin ɗaya daga cikin Outdoor 30 Under 30 list and Publishers Weekly called Braverman a "21st century Feminist Reincarnation of Jack London ."
Fagenta
An haifi Braverman a ranar 7 ga watan Mayu, shekara ta 1988, 'yar masanin kimiyyar bincike Jana Kay Slater kuma malamin jami'a kuma marubuci Marc Braverman. An reneta Bayahudiya a tsakiyar kwarin California. Lokacin data kai shekaru goma, danginta sun ƙaura zuwa Norway na tsawon shekara guda don binciken mahaifinta game da cikakken dokar hana shan taba a ƙasar. Braverman ta halarci makarantun gida.
Komawa zuwa Davis, California, Braverman ta gama karatunta, gami da lokaci amatsayin ɗalibar musayar a Lillehammer, Norway. Lokacin bazara a Camp Tawonga, sansanin Yahudawa kusa da Yosemite, daga baya ta halarci makarantar jama'a ta Scandinavia a Mortenhals, shirin kasuwanci na shekara guda na gargajiya, kuma tayi karatun kare kare da tsirar hunturu. Ta koma Amurka ashekara ta 2007, inda ta kammala karatunta a Kwalejin Colby a shekara ta 2011. Lokacin da take makaranta, tana da labaran da aka buga a cikin gida da na ƙasa, a cikin mujallu da jaridu. Ta kumayi lokacin bazara biyu tana aiki a matsayin jagorar karnuka akan glacier a Alaska.
Tana zaune tare da abokin aikinta, Quince Mountain, a Mountain, Wisconsin.
Adventure da aikin rubutu
A cikin shekara ta 2016, Braverman ta buga Barka da zuwa Goddamn Ice Cube, abin tunawa game da yarinta da abubuwan dasuka faru na arewa da kuma nazarin hanyoyin da maza da mata suke bida yanayi mai tsanani — da juna. Braverman ta tattauna matsalolin ba kawai daga blizzards, keɓewa da namun daji ba,har ma daga jima'i da tashin hankali da mata masu sha'awar sha'awa ke fuskanta acikin filin da maza suka mamaye — tana bambanta abin tunawa daga labarun balaguro da tarihin gano kai. A gabatarwar littafin, Masu Buga Makowa sun kira Braverman da "reincarnation na mata na Jack London na karni na 21" kuma O, Mujallar Oprah ta ba da shawarar littafin.
Ta kuma rubuta labarai game da jinsi, al'amurran da suka shafi trans, da cinzarafi akan layi. Itace edita mai bada gudummawa ga Mujallar Waje, tare da rukunin shawarwari na yauda kullun da ake kira " Ƙauna mai Tauri " dake hulɗa da dangantaka da waje. Har ila yau, aikin Braverman ta bayyana acikin Atavist, BuzzFeed, da Smithsonian, dai sauransu.
Braverman tayi aiki a gidan wanka. Tayi horo don shekara ta 2018 Iditarod  kuma ta kammala shekara ta 2019 Iditarod, ta ƙare 36th. Itace kawai mace Bayahudiya ta biyu da ta kammala tseren.
Bayyanar kafofin watsa labarai
Acikin shekarar 2015, an nuna Braverman akan nunin rediyo na jama'a Wannan Rayuwar Amurkawa a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin "Face Game."
Acikin shekara ta 2021, tafito a kan New York Times ' Sway podcast, inda itada ma masaukin baki Kara Swisher suka tattauna rayuwa da juriya.
Lehnert & Landrock
Lehnert & Landrock ɗakin studio ne na daukar hoto wanda Rudolf Franz Lehnert da Ernst Heinrich Landrock ke gudanarwa a Tunisiya da Masar a farkon ƙarni na 20, an lura da su don samar da hotunan Gabas. Rudolf Franz Lehnert da Ernst Heinrich Landrock sun samar da hotunan mutanen Arewacin Afirka, shimfidar wurare, da gine-gine don masu sauraron Turai na farko. An rarraba waɗannan hotunan a cikin monographs, kodayake kuma a matsayin kwafi na asali, hotuna, da katunan wasikun lithographic.
Fage
Rudolf Franz Lehnert (13 Yuli 1878-16 Janairu 1948) an haife shi a Gross Aupa, Bohemia (yanzu Velká Úpa, Jamhuriyar Czech), da Ernst Heinrich Landrock (4 Agusta 1878-30 Afrilu 1966) a Reindorf, Saxony, Jamus. Kawun nasa ne ya reni Lehnert a Vienna kuma ya yi karatun daukar hoto a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Vienna. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya yi amfani da kudin da ya gada daga iyayensa zuwa kasashen waje da kyamararsa kuma a shekarar 1903 ya yi balaguron farko zuwa Tunisia. A cikin shekarar 1904, lokacin da ya koma Turai, Lehnert ya hadu da Landrock, wanda ke karatu a Switzerland, kuma su biyun sun yanke shawarar zama abokan kasuwanci, sun kafa kamfanin Lehnert&Landrock, tare da Lehnert yana ɗaukar hotuna kuma Landrock shine mai kula da kasuwanci. Sun yi tafiya zuwa Tunisiya a cikin shekarar 1904 kuma sun bude kantin daukar hoto a Avenue de France, Tunis wanda Lehnert ya yi amfani da shi a matsayin tushe don balaguron daukar hoto daban-daban a cikin Maghreb yayin da Landrock ya shirya dakin gwaje-gwajen hoto, da kuma tallan sakamakon kwafi da katuna.
A farkon WW1, an rufe shagon a lokacin da aka ayyana dokar ta-baci a cikin yankunan Faransa kuma, a ranar 4 ga watan Agusta 1914, an kama Lehnert, ya zama fursuna na yaƙi kuma aka aika shi zuwa sansanin horo a Corsica, yayin da Landrock ke riƙe a Switzerland. Bayan yakin, kuma bayan dawowar faranti na gilashin da aka kwace, da farko sun kafa kasuwanci a Leipzig. Ba da daɗewa ba Lehnert ya sake yin tafiya, yana tafiya zuwa Gabas ta Tsakiya; Masar, Falasdinu da Lebanon. A cikin shekarar 1924 abokan haɗin gwiwa sun koma Alkahira sun kafa irin wannan kasuwancin zuwa na Tunis amma sun reshe "zuwa cikin gamut ɗin hoto gabaɗaya katunan wasiƙa, hotuna masu girma, katunan gaisuwa da kwafin fasaha mai kyau" don kasuwannin Turai musamman ma'amala. zuwa ga al'adar gabas da shaharar katin waya. A cikin shekarar 1930 haɗin gwiwar ya rushe lokacin da Lehnert ya koma Tunis, kuma ya buɗe ɗakin studio a matsayin mai daukar hoto,. Landrock ya ci gaba da gudanar da sitidiyo da siyayya a titin Sherif, Alkahira har zuwa barkewar WW2, lokacin da ya koma Jamus a 1938. A wancan lokacin, Kurt Lambelet, ɗan'uwan Landrock, ya ɗauki nauyin kasuwancin ya mai da shi babban kantin littattafai a cikin shekarar 1950s. Shagon gudanar da iyali har yanzu yana nan a wurinsa na asali.
Legacy
A cikin shekarar 1982, Dr. Kamar yadda Joseph Gareci ya fada a cikin labarinsa na 2015 'Lehnert da Landrock na Arewacin Afirka' a mujallar History of Photography, wanda a ciki ya bincika "bangaren Lehnert&Landrock oeuvre, jerin nazarin adadi na mutanen Arewacin Afirka da Lehnert ya yi daga shekarun 1904 zuwa 1914, da kuma daga 1930 zuwa 1939, a matsayin hanyar binciko mu'amala da tunanin Gabas da Yamma", an sami sabon sha'awar aikinsu daga malamai da masu tattarawa a cikin shekarar 1980s. Wikipedia Commons yana da adadi mai yawa na hotuna a ƙarƙashin nau'in 'Lehnert & Landrock' wanda ya haɗa da ƙaramin rukuni' Hotunan tsiraicin 'yan Gabas ta Lehnert & Landrock'. Duk da yake ana ɗaukar hotunan shimfidar wuri "mafi yawan hotuna masu rai na Gabashin Afirka ta Arewa a farkon karni na 20 .... waɗanda ke ba da kyakkyawar hangen nesa na soyayya Orientalism", da sau da yawa hotunan tsirara ko ɓarna mata. yaran sun fi rigima.
Sabbin sha'awar hotunan ya haifar da wallafe-wallafe da yawa, na farko shine Lehnert & Landrock. : L'orient d'un Photographe a 1987 da Philippe Cardinal ya biyo bayan wasu, alal misali, Tunis 1900 - Hotunan Lehnert & Landrock na Michel Meguin, da kuma nune-nunen ayyukansu. Hotunan Lehnert & Landrock kuma ana gudanar da su a cikin tarin da ba a ambata ba -;
British Museum, London
Conway Library, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Courtauld, London
J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles
Library of Congress, Washington, DC
Jami'ar Pennsylvania Museum of Archeology and Anthropology, Philadelphia
Royal Academy of Arts, London
The Science Museum, London
Victoria da Albert Museum, London
Simon Zanke
Simon Terwase Zenke (an haife shi a ranar 24 ga watan Disambar 1988), ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Najeriya wanda ke buga wasan gaba.
Sana'a
Zenke ya fara aiki ne a mahaifarsa Kaduna da Kaduna United kafin ya koma RC Strasbourg a shekarar 2008.
A cikin Nuwambar 2018, ya rattaba hannu kan kwangila tare da ƙungiyar rukunin farko na Romanian Dinamo București. Ya bar kulob ɗin ne a watan Yunin 2019. A ƙarshen Janairun 2020, Zenke daga nan ya koma Faransa Championnat National 2 club SC Schiltigheim.
A watan Mayun 2020, Zenke ya tabbatar a shafukan sada zumunta, cewa wakilin nasa yana tattaunawa da kulake daga Indiya. A kulob a gwargwadon rahoto Hyderabad FC. Duk da haka, babu abin da ya fito daga ciki.
Rayuwa ta sirri
Ƙanensa Thomas shima dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne.
Margaret Daly
Margaret Daly (an haife ta a ranar 26 ga watan Janairun 1938, ita ya ga tagwaye, Robert) yar siyasa ce ta Jam'iyyar Conservative ta Burtaniya wacce ta wakilci mazabar Somerset da West Dorset a Majalisar Tarayyar Turai daga 1984 zuwa 1994.
Ta halarci kwalejin Methodist College Belfast.
Daly ta kasance memba na kwamitoci daban-daban da suka hada da:
Ta yi yunkurin fitowa a zaben 1999 don Majalisar Tarayyar Turai a Burtaniya amma abin ya ci tura.
Pieter Aldrich
Pieter (" Piet ") Aldrich (an haife shi a ranar 7 ga watan Satumba 1965) tsohon ɗan wasan tennis ne daga Afirka ta Kudu. Kwararren gwanin iya wasan tennis ya lashe kambun Grand Slam biyu na maza biyu (Australian Open da US Open) kuma ya zama na 1 a duniya  a 1990.
Sana'a
Aldrich ya lashe kambun na farko a cikin wasanni tara sau biyu a cikin 1988 a Charleston, South Carolina.
A cikin 1990, Aldrich ya lashe kambun maza na biyu a duka Australian Open da US Open, tare da abokinsa dan wasan Afirka ta Kudu Danie Visser. Hakanan ma'auratan sun kasance na biyu a gasar Wimbledon a waccan shekarar.
1990 kuma Aldrich ya lashe title ɗin sa na farko (and only) babban matakin farko a Newport, Rhode Island. Matsayinsa mafi girma a cikin 'yan wasa shine na 64 na duniya, wanda ya samu a 1988.
Aldrich ya lashe kambun karshe na biyu na aikinsa a 1992 a Johannesburg.
Jerin Kamfanonin Ƙasar Eritrea
Eritrea, a hukumance kasar Eritrea, kasa ce da ke cikin yankin gabashin Afirka. Tattalin arzikin Eritriya ya sami ci gaba mai yawa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, wanda aka nuna ta hanyar haɓakawa a cikin Gross cikin gida (GDP) a cikin watan Oktoba 2012 na 7.5 bisa dari fiye da a shekarar 2011. Sai dai, an kiyasta kudaden da ma’aikata ke fitarwa daga kasashen waje za su kai kashi 32 cikin 100 na dukiyoyin cikin gida. Eritrea tana da albarkatu masu yawa kamar tagulla, zinare, granite, marmara, da potash. Tattalin arzikin Eritriya ya fuskanci sauye-sauye sosai saboda yakin 'yancin kai. A cikin shekarar 2011, GDP na Eritrea ya karu da kashi 8.7 cikin 100, wanda hakan ya sa ta kasance cikin kasashe masu saurin bunkasar tattalin arziki a duniya. Sashin Ilimi na Tattalin Arziki (EIU) yana tsammanin zai ci gaba da haɓaka ƙimar girma na kashi 8.5 a cikin shekarar 2013.
Pieter Aldrich
Performance timeline
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Franz Kafka
Franz Kafka (an haife shi a ranar 3 ga watan Yulin shekara ta alif 1883,-kuma ya mutu a ranar 3 ga watan Yunin shekara ta alif 1924) marubucin Bohemian ne mai kuma magana da Jamusanci kuma marubucin gajerun labarai, wanda ya shahara a ɗaya daga cikin manyan jigogin adabin ƙarni na 20. Ayyukansa sun haɗa abubuwa na gaskiya da ban mamaki. Yawanci yana fasalta keɓantattun jaruman da ke fuskantar matsaloli masu ban mamaki ko na zahiri da kuma ikon zamantakewar da ba za a iya fahimta ba. An fassara shi azaman binciko jigogi na nisantar, damuwa na wanzuwa, laifi, da rashin hankali. Shahararrun ayyukansa sun haɗa da ɗan gajeren labari "The Metamorphosis" da litattafai The Trial and The Castle. Kalmar Kafkaesque ya shiga Turanci don bayyana yanayi maras kyau, kamar waɗanda aka kwatanta a cikin rubutunsa.
An haifi Kafka a cikin dangin Yahudawan Czech na tsakiyar aji na Jamusanci a Jamhuriyar Czech a Prague, babban birnin Masarautar Bohemia, sa'an nan kuma wani yanki na daular Austro-Hungary, a yau babban birnin Jamhuriyar Czech. Ya sami horo a matsayin lauya kuma bayan ya kammala karatunsa na shari'a sai wani kamfani na inshora ya ɗauke shi aiki na cikakken lokaci, wanda hakan ya tilasta masa ya mayar da rubuce-rubuce zuwa lokacin hutunsa. A tsawon rayuwar Kafka, ya rubuta ɗaruruwan wasiƙu zuwa ga dangi da abokai na kud da kud, ciki har da mahaifinsa, wanda suke da dangantaka ta kud da kud. Ya yi auren mata da yawa amma bai yi aure ba. Ya mutu a cikin duhu a shekarar alif 1924, yana da shekaru 40 daga tarin fuka.
Kafka ya kasance ƙwararren marubuci, yana ciyar da mafi yawan lokutansa na kyauta, yawanci a cikin dare. Ya kona kusan kashi 90% na jimlar aikin sa saboda jajircewar da ya yi na rashin yarda da kai. Kadan daga cikin ayyukan Kafka da aka buga a lokacin rayuwarsa: tarin labaran da aka yi la'akari da Likitan Ƙasa, da kuma labarun mutum (irin su "The Metamorphosis") an buga su a cikin mujallu na wallafe-wallafe amma sun sami kulawar jama'a kadan. A cikin wasiyyarsa, Kafka ya umurci mai zartar da wallafe-wallafen kuma abokinsa Max Brod ya lalata ayyukansa da ba a gama ba, ciki har da littattafansa The Trial, The Castle, da Amurka, amma Brod ya yi watsi da waɗannan umarnin, kuma yana da yawancin ayyukansa da aka buga.
Franz Kafka yana daya daga cikin mawakan da suka shahara bayan mutuwarsu: bayan shekarar alif 1945, ne ayyukansa suka shahara a cikin ƙasashen Jamusanci, wanda adabinsa ya yi tasiri sosai, kuma a cikin 1960s a wasu wurare na duniya. Ayyukan Kafka sun rinjayi nau'ikan marubuta, masu suka, masu fasaha, da masana falsafa a cikin ƙarni na 20 da 21st.
Rayuwar farko
[[File:Franz Kafka and Ottla Kafka.jpg|thumb|Kafka tare da 'yar uwarsa Ottla. Oppelt House, Prague, 1914.
]] An haifi Kafka a kusa da filin Old Town Square a Prague, a lokacin daular Austro-Hungarian. Iyalinsa Yahudawan Ashkenazi ne na tsakiyar aji na masu jin Jamus. Mahaifinsa, Hermann Kafka (1854-1931), shi ne ɗa na huɗu na Jakob Kafka, a shochet. ko kuma mai yankan al'ada a Osek, ƙauyen Czech mai yawan Yahudawa da ke kusa da Strakonice a kudancin Bohemia. Hermann ya kawo dangin Kafka zuwa Prague. Bayan ya yi aiki a matsayin wakilin tallace-tallace na balaguro, a ƙarshe ya zama dillalin kayan ado wanda ya ɗauki aiki har zuwa mutane 15 kuma ya yi amfani da hoton jackdaw ( kavka a cikin Czech, furci kuma an rubuta shi azaman kafka ) azaman tambarin kasuwancin sa. Mahaifiyar Kafka, Julie (1856-1934), 'yar Jakob Löwy ce, ɗan kasuwa mai wadata a Poděbrady, kuma ta fi mijinta ilimi. Iyayen Kafka mai yiwuwa sun yi magana da Jamusanci, wanda Yiddish ya rinjayi, wanda wani lokaci ana kiransa Mauscheldeutsch, amma, kamar yadda Jamusanci ke dauke da abin hawa na motsi na zamantakewa, tabbas sun ƙarfafa 'ya'yansu su yi magana da Jamusanci Standard. Hermann da Julie suna da 'ya'ya shida, wanda Franz ce babba. 'Yan'uwan Franz biyu, Georg da Heinrich, sun mutu tun suna jariri kafin Franz ya cika bakwai; 'yan'uwansa mata uku sune Gabriele ("Ellie") (1889-1944), Valerie ("Valli") (1890-1942) da Ottilie ("Ottla") (1892-1943). An kashe dukan ukun a cikin Holocaust na Yaƙin Duniya na II. An tura Valli zuwa Łódź Ghetto da ke Poland da ta mamaye a shekara ta alif 1942, amma wannan ita ce takardar shaidar ta ƙarshe; ana zaton ba ta tsira daga yakin ba. Ottilie ita ce 'yar'uwar Kafka da ta fi so.
Masanin tarihin rayuwar Stanley Corngold ya bayyana Hermann a matsayin "babban ɗan kasuwa, mai son kai, mai girman kai" da kuma ta Franz Kafka a matsayin "Kafka na gaskiya cikin ƙarfi, lafiya, ci, ƙarar murya, balaga, gamsuwar kai, rinjaye na duniya. juriya, kasancewar hankali, [da] sanin yanayin ɗan adam”. A kwanakin kasuwanci, iyayen biyu ba su nan a gida, tare da Julie Kafka tana aiki kamar 12. sa'o'i a kowace rana suna taimakawa wajen gudanar da kasuwancin iyali. Saboda haka, yarinta na Kafka ya kasance ɗan kaɗaici, kuma yaran sun sami reno da yawa daga jerin gwanati da bayi. Dangantakar da ke damun Kafka da mahaifinsa ta bayyana a cikin Brief an den Vater ( Wasika zuwa ga Ubansa ) na sama da 100 shafuka, wanda a cikinsa ya koka game da kasancewar mahaifinsa mai iko da kuma halin da ake bukata; Mahaifiyarsa kuwa, ta kasance mai shiru da kunya. Mafi rinjayen mahaifin Kafka yana da tasiri sosai a rubutun Kafka.
Iyalin Kafka suna da wata kuyanga da ke zaune tare da su a wani ƙunƙun gida. Dakin Franz yana yawan sanyi. A watan Nuwamba shekarar alif 1913, iyalin suka koma wani babban gida, ko da yake Ellie da Valli sun yi aure kuma suka tashi daga ɗakin farko. A farkon watan Agusta, shekara ta alif 1914, bayan Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya ya soma, ’yan’uwa mata ba su san inda mazajensu suke soja ba kuma suka koma tare da iyalin a wannan babban gida. Dukansu Ellie da Valli su ma suna da yara. Franz yana da shekaru 31 ya koma tsohon gidan Valli, shiru da bambanci, kuma ya rayu shi kadai a karon farko.
Ilimi
Daga shekarar alif 1889 zuwa 1893, Kafka ya halarci Deutsche Knabenschule Makarantar firamare ta samarin Jamus a Masný trh/Fleischmarkt (kasuwar nama), yanzu ana kiranta titin Masná. Iliminsa na Yahudawa ya ƙare da bikin mashaya mitzvah yana ɗan shekara 13. Kafka bai taɓa jin daɗin halartar majami'a ba kuma yana tafiya tare da mahaifinsa a ranakun hutu huɗu kawai a shekara. [[File:Franz Kafka - Hebrew writings - Literary Estate Max Brod - National Library of Israel.jpg|thumb|Franz Kafka - Rubutun Ibrananci - Estate Adabi Max Brod - Laburaren Ƙasa na Isra'ila
]] Bayan barin makarantar firamare a shekara ta alif 1893, an shigar da Kafka a cikin gymnasium mai tsauri na gargajiya, Altstädter Deutsches Gymnasium, makarantar sakandare ta ilimi a Old Town Square, a cikin fadar Kinský. Jamusanci yaren koyarwa ne, amma Kafka kuma ya yi magana kuma ya rubuta cikin Czech. Ya yi karatu na karshen a dakin motsa jiki na tsawon shekaru takwas, yana samun sakamako mai kyau. Ko da yake Kafka ya sami yabo ga Czech ɗinsa, bai taɓa ɗaukar kansa ƙware a cikin yaren ba, kodayake yana magana da Jamusanci tare da lafazin Czech. Ya kammala jarrabawar Matura a 1901.
An shigar da shi a Deutsche Karl-Ferdinands-Universität na Prague a 1901, Kafka ya fara nazarin ilmin sunadarai amma ya koma doka bayan makonni biyu. Ko da yake wannan filin bai faranta masa rai ba, ya ba da damammaki na aiki wanda ya faranta wa mahaifinsa rai. Bugu da kari, doka ta bukaci dogon zangon karatu, inda ta baiwa Kafka lokacin daukar darasi a cikin karatun Jamusanci da tarihin fasaha. Ya kuma shiga ƙungiyar ɗalibai, Lese- und Redehalle der Deutschen Studenten (Zauren Karatu da Lacca na ɗaliban Jamus), wanda ya shirya tarurrukan adabi, karatu da sauran ayyuka. Daga cikin abokan Kafka akwai ɗan jarida Felix Weltsch, wanda ya yi nazarin falsafanci, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Yitzchak Lowy wanda ya fito daga dangin Hasidic Warsaw na orthodox, da kuma marubuta Ludwig Winder, Oskar Baum da Franz Werfel.