cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Fyade a Pakistan
Nau'ukan
A cewar farfesa a fannin nazarin mata Shahla Haeri, fyade a Pakistan "sau da yawa yana da tsari kuma yana da dabara kuma a wasu lokutan gwamnati ta amince da ita". A cewar wani bincike na Human Rights Watch, ana samun fyade sau ɗaya a cikin sa'o'i biyu da kuma fyade ga ƙungiyoyi kowane takwas. Asma Jahangir, lauya kuma wacce ta kafa kungiyar kare hakkin mata ta Women's Action Forum, ta ruwaito a cikin wani bincike na 1988 na mata da ake tsare da su a Punjab cewa kusan kashi 72 cikin 100 na su sun bayyana cewa an yi lalata da su yayin da suke tsare.
Fyade da 'yan uwa
A cewar WAR, sama da kashi 82 cikin 100 na masu fyade ‘yan uwa ne da suka hada da uba, ‘yan’uwa, kakanni da kakannin wadanda aka kashe. Laifukan suna fitowa fili ne a lokacin da ‘yan matan suka samu juna biyu kuma su je wurin likitocin mata domin zubar da ciki. Iyayen ma ba sa zuwa wurin ‘yan sanda. A cewar Kungiyar Ci Gaban Ci Gaban Zaman Lafiya ta NGO, rahotannin fyade da cin zarafi sun karu da kusan kashi 400 cikin kwata na kwata yayin kulle-kullen COVID-19, saboda ƙuntatawa na Covid da ke tilasta wa yara su kasance a gida don ba da damar dangi su ci gaba da cin zarafi akai-akai.
fyaden aure
A Pakistan, kusan kashi 20-30% na mata suna fuskantar wani nau'i na cin zarafi a cikin gida yayin rayuwarsu. Fyaɗen aure wani nau'i ne na cin zarafin ma'aurata da aka saba yi domin ba a ɗaukarsa a matsayin laifi a ƙarƙashin dokokin Zina. Yawancin maza da mata a Pakistan sun taso tare da imanin cewa "jima'i hakkin namiji ne a aure". An cusa mata da ra'ayin cewa manufarsu a cikin al'umma ita ce cika sha'awar namiji da kuma haihuwa. Batun jima'i abu ne da aka haramta a Pakistan, saboda haka mata sukan guji ba da rahoton abubuwan da suka faru game da fyade. An yi la'akari da cin zarafin aure gaba ɗaya a matsayin al'amari na iyali da na sirri a Pakistan wanda shine wani dalili na dalilin da ya sa mata suka daina ba da rahoto don tsoron hukunci na zamantakewa. Rashin yarda da jima'i na aure zai iya haifar da al'amurran da suka shafi lafiyar haihuwa, jima'i mara kyau, da kuma ciki maras so. Bincike ya nuna cewa ana ci gaba da yin fyade a auratayya a duk tsawon lokacin da ake ciki, haka kuma yana iya haifar da haihuwar jarirai da dama. Bincike ya nuna cewa fyaɗe a aure ya fi faruwa a Pakistan saboda sha’awar miji na samun ’ya’ya da yawa musamman na samun ‘ya’ya maza. Ko da a cikin yanayin da ba a yarda da juna ba wanda ya haifar da fyade, ladan da aka samu a cikin matsayi na iya zama mai girma wanda mata za su zabi su ajiye jaririn, amma matan da suka haifi 'ya'ya maza sukan nemi zubar da ciki kuma a wasu lokuta a yi musu haifuwa don guje wa zubar da ciki. ciki wanda ba a yi niyya ba wanda ke haifar da fyade. Mata sun yi wannan aikin ba tare da izinin mazajensu ba. Maza a wasu lokuta ana yi wa alurar riga kafi amma ya fi zama ruwan dare ga mata su zama haifuwa. Wani lokaci bayan tiyatar bukatar mijin na karuwa.
Ana yi wa fyaden aure daidai da duk wani fyade a dokar Pakistan wanda hukuncin kisa ta hanyar rataya ko kuma daurin shekaru 25 a gidan yari. Sai dai kuma an samu labarin fyaden aure guda daya kacal a Pakistan duk da cewa matsalar ce da aka saba samu.
Na farko, matsayin matsi na al'adu da tsammanin daga mace a cikin aure, tare da mahaifiyar matar da ke ƙarfafa miji ya yi ƙoƙari ya kulla auren ba tare da son mace ba. Na biyu, adalci yana samuwa ne kawai ga matan Pakistan masu ilimi da basira waɗanda ke da matsayi mai yawa na zamantakewa, tare da damar samun 'yan sanda mata, da samun damar samun alkali mace da ke son gudanar da shari'ar a cikin kyamara bayan sa'o'i. A karshe, haduwar hukuncin jiki da tarar hukunci ne da ya dace maimakon zaman gidan yari mai tsawo, domin mace tana iya dogaro da miji na kudi, kuma maigida zai koyi darasinsa, musamman idan an yi hakan ne a karkashin matsin al’umma. daurin auren.
Cin zarafin yara
Al’adar Bacha bazi da ta shafi lalata da maza ko maza daga maza da maza da maza ke yi ya zama ruwan dare a yankunan Arewa maso yammacin Pakistan. Duk da yake Pakistan tana da dokoki don kare yara da hana luwadi, waɗannan ba kasafai ake aiwatar da su ba kuma bacha bazi ya zama barata a matsayin al'adar al'ada.
Kungiyar sa-kai ta yankin Sahil ta ba da rahoton cin zarafin yara 3,832 a shekarar 2018 wanda hakan ya karu da kashi 11 cikin 100 daga shekarar 2017 (3,445). Yawancin wadannan kararraki ana ba da rahotonsu ne a lardin Punjab kuma an ba da rahoton mafi karancin kararraki a lardin Gilgit Baltistan. Kusan kashi 72 cikin 100 na masu kamuwa da cutar ana samun rahoton a yankunan karkara da kashi 28 cikin dari a birane.
Kasur badakalar
Wannan badakalar cin zarafin yara ta Kasur jerin cin zarafin yara ce da ta faru a kauyen Hussain Khanwala da ke gundumar Kasur, Punjab, Pakistan daga 2006 zuwa 2014, wanda ya kai ga wata babbar badakalar siyasa a shekarar 2015. Bayan gano daruruwan faifan bidiyo da ke nuna yara na yin lalata da tilas, kungiyoyin yada labaran Pakistan daban-daban sun kiyasta cewa yara 280 zuwa 300, yawancinsu maza, sun kasance wadanda aka lalata da su. Wannan abin kunya ya shafi wata kungiyar masu aikata laifuka da ta sayar da hotunan batsa ga yara zuwa shafukan batsa, tare da lalata da kuma karbar 'yan uwan wadanda abin ya shafa.
Fansa fyade
A shekarar 2002, lokacin da aka tuhumi wani yaro dan shekara 12 da wata mata, sai jirga (majalisar dattawan yankin) ta umurci a damke kanwarsa Mukhtar Mai (shekara 28) a matsayin ramuwar gayya. A shekara ta 2017 wani yaro ya yi wa yarinya ‘yar shekara 12 fyade sannan kuma jirga ta umarci da a yi wa ‘yar uwarsa fyade a matsayin ramuwar gayya. Amma 'yan sanda sun kama su.
Fyade ga tsiraru
An samu rahotannin fyade da cin zarafi da aka yi wa mata Kiristoci, mabiya addinin Hindu a Pakistan. Rashin aiki, ƙin shigar da ƙara, cin zarafi da cin hanci da rashawa a tsakanin ‘yan sanda da na shari’a su ma matsaloli ne da yawa.
Halaye
Fyade a Pakistan ya dauki hankulan kasashen duniya bayan da Mukhtaran Bibi ya tuhumi wadanda suka kai mata fyade tare da bayyana abubuwan da suka faru da ita. Daga nan aka hana ta damar barin kasar. A wata hira da jaridar Washington Post ta yi da shugaban Pakistan na lokacin, Janar Pervez Musharraf, wanda ya yi iƙirarin cewa shi ne mai fafutukar "Musulunci mai matsakaicin ra'ayi" da ke mutunta 'yancin mata, kuma ya yi korafin cewa ya ƙi zuwa Amurka. Ana nuna rashin adalci a kasar a matsayin wurin da fyade da cin zarafi da ake yi wa mata ya zama ruwan dare kuma ana yin afuwa akai-akai. Ya ce ya hakura da barin ta ta bar kasar, ya kuma bayyana cewa fyade ya zama abin damuwa na neman kudi, hanyar samun arziki a kasashen waje. Wannan magana ta haifar da hatsaniya, kuma daga baya Musharraf ya musanta cewa ya yi hakan.
Bayanin hakan ya fito ne bisa la’akari da yadda wata mata da aka yi wa fyaden, Dokta Shazia Khalid, ta bar Pakistan, tana zaune ne a kasar Canada, kuma ta yi magana a kan halin da ake ciki a hukumance na fyade a Pakistan. Musharraf ya ce game da ita: “Hanyar yin hakan ita ce mafi sauki. Kowane mutum na biyu yanzu yana so ya zo ya sami duk [dakata] saboda akwai kuɗi da yawa. Dr. Shazia, ban sani ba. Amma kila ita ma maganar kudi ce (itama), cewa tana son yin kudi. Ta sake yin magana akan Pakistan, akan duk wani abu da muka yi. Amma na san mene ne hakikanin gaskiya."
Ana amfani da gwajin DNA da sauran shaidun kimiyya wajen hukunta laifukan fyade a Pakistan.
Susan Lindquist
Susan Lee Lindquist, (Yuni 5, an haife ta a shekara ta alif dari tara da alba'in da tara1949A.c -ta mutu a watan Oktoba 27, 2016) wata farfesa ce yar kasar amurka tayi karatu  a fannin ilmin halitta a MIT  ƙwareriya a fannin  ilmin kwayoyin halitta, musamman matsalar nadawa sunadaran  a cikin dangin kwayoyin da aka sani da sunadaran zafi-shock,  da prions. Lindquist ya kasance memba kuma tsohon darektan Cibiyar Whitehead kuma an ba shi lambar yabo ta Kimiyya ta ƙasa a cikin 2010.
Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Lindquist a Chicago, Illinois, zuwa Iver da Eleanor (née Maggio), kuma ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Maine South a Park Ridge. Lindquist's father and mother were of Swedish and Italian descent, respectively, and although they expected her to become a housewife, Susan studied microbiology at the University of Illinois as an undergraduate and received her PhD in biology from Harvard University in 1976. She completed a post-doctoral fellowship at the American Cancer Society.
Sana'a
Bayan kammala karatun ta a 1976, Lindquist ya koma Jami'ar Chicago don ɗan gajeren lokaci kafin a ɗauke shi aiki a matsayin mamba a Sashen Biology a 1978, ya zama Albert D. Lasker Farfesa na Kimiyyar Kiwon Lafiya tare da kafa. na Sashen Kwayoyin Halitta da Halittu na Halitta a cikin 1980. A Jami'ar Chicago Lindquist ya binciki rawar da sunadaran girgiza zafi ke takawa wajen daidaita martanin salon salula ga matsalolin muhalli. Lindquist ya fara yin amfani da yisti a matsayin tsarin samfuri don nazarin yadda sunadaran girgiza zafin jiki ke daidaita maganganun kwayoyin halitta da nadewar furotin. Don wannan aikin, an sanya Lindquist mai bincike na Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Howard Hughes a cikin 1988. Bayan yin muhimman sababbin binciken zuwa prions, Lindquist ya koma MIT a cikin 2001 kuma an nada shi a matsayin Daraktan Cibiyar Nazarin Halittu ta Whitehead, ɗaya daga cikin mata na farko a cikin al'umma don jagorantar babbar ƙungiyar bincike mai zaman kanta.
A cikin 2004, Lindquist ya ci gaba da bincike a matsayin Memba na Cibiyar, abokin tarayya na Broad Institute of MIT da Harvard, da kuma memba na David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research a MIT.
An ba Lindquist lambar yabo ta Kimiyya ta ƙasa a cikin 2009 (wanda aka gabatar a cikin 2010), don gudummawar bincike don nada furotin.
Lindquist ya gabatar da lacca a cikin ƙasa da kuma na duniya kan batutuwan kimiyya iri-iri. A watan Yuni 2006, ta kasance baƙo na farko a kan "Futures in Biotech" podcast akan hanyar sadarwar TWiT na Leo Laporte. A cikin 2007, ta halarci taron tattalin arzikin duniya a Davos, Switzerland tare da sauran shugabannin MIT. Lindquist kuma ya haɗu da kamfanoni biyu don fassara bincike zuwa hanyoyin da za a iya amfani da su, FoldRx in da Yumanity Therapeutics a, kamfanoni masu haɓaka magungunan ƙwayoyi don cututtukan ɓarna furotin da amyloidosis.
Mazaɓar Majalisar Dattawa ta Babban Birnin Tarayya
Mazaɓar Sanatan Babban Birnin Tarayya a Babban Birnin Tarayyar Najeriya, ya ƙunshi ƙananan hukumomi 6 da suka haɗa da: Abuja, Abaji, Kwali, Bwari, Gwagwalada da Kuje. Gundumar majalisar dattijai ta FCT tana a cikin yankinta na ikon Nigeriya (Aso Rock Presidential Villa, Majalisar Dokoki ta Kasa da hedkwatar Shari'a). Philip Aduda shine wakilin FCT Senatorial District.
Masarautar Aksum
Ana daukar Masarautar Aksum daya daga cikin manya manyan kasashe hudu na duniya a karni na 3 ta hannun annabin Farisa Mani, tare da Farisa, Roma, da China. Tun daga mulkin Endubis, Aksum ya haƙa nasa tsabar kudi, waɗanda aka tono a wurare har zuwa Kaisariya da kudancin Indiya. Masarautar ta ci gaba da faɗaɗa cikin ƙarshen zamanin da, inda ta ci Meroe na ɗan lokaci kaɗan, wanda daga gare shi ta gaji kalmar Helenanci "Habasha". Mallakar Aksumite a Tekun Bahar Maliya ya ƙare a zamanin Kaleb na Axum, wanda bisa ga umarnin daular Byzantine Justin I, ya mamaye daular Himyarite a Yaman don kawo ƙarshen tsananta wa Kiristoci da Sarkin Yahudawa Dhu Nuwas ya yi. Tare da mamaye Himyar, Masarautar Aksum tana kan iyakarta mafi girma. Koyaya, an rasa yankin a yaƙe-yaƙe na Aksumite da Farisa.
An fara ganin raguwar daular a hankali tun karni na 7, inda aka daina hako kudin waje. Kasancewar Farisa (da kuma musulmi daga baya) a cikin Bahar Maliya ya sa Aksum ya sha wahala ta fuskar tattalin arziki, kuma yawan mutanen birnin Axum ya ragu. Tare da abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli da na ciki, an nuna hakan a matsayin dalilin raguwar ta. Ana ɗaukar ƙarni uku na ƙarshe na Aksum a matsayin duhu, kuma ta hanyar yanayi mara tabbas, masarautar ta rushe a kusan shekaru 960. Duk da matsayinta na ɗaya daga cikin manyan masarautu na ƙarshen zamanin da, Masarautar Aksum ta faɗi cikin duhu yayin da Habasha ta kasance saniyar ware a cikin tsakiyar zamanai.
Asali
Kafin kafuwar Axum, yankin Tigray na arewacin Habasha gida ne ga wata masarauta da aka sani da D'mt. Shaidun archaeological sun nuna cewa Saba'awa ne daga Yaman ta zamani suka rinjayi masarautar; Ijma’in malamai a baya ya kasance cewa ‘yan Saba’a su ne suka kafa wayewar Semitic a Habasha, ko da yake yanzu an karyata hakan, kuma ana ganin tasirinsu a matsayin karami. Kasancewar Sabaean mai yiwuwa ya kasance na tsawon shekaru da yawa, amma tasirin su akan wayewar Aksumite daga baya ya haɗa da ɗaukar rubutun tsohuwar Larabawa ta Kudu, wanda ya haɓaka zuwa rubutun Geʽez, da addinin Semitic na tsohuwar Semitic. Na farko tarihin ambaton Axum ya fito ne daga Periplus na Tekun Erythraean, jagorar ciniki wanda wataƙila ya kasance a tsakiyar karni na 1 AD. An ambaci Axum tare da Adulis da Ptolemais na farauta kamar yadda yake kwance a cikin daular Zoskales. An bayyana yankin a matsayin farkon samar da hauren giwa, da kuma harsashi na kunkuru. Har ila yau, an ce Zoskales ya kasance "ya san wallafe-wallafen Girkanci", wanda ke nuna cewa tasirin Greco-Roman ya riga ya kasance a wannan lokacin. A bayyane yake daga Periplus cewa, ko da a farkon tarihinsa, Axum ya taka rawa a cikin hanyar kasuwanci tsakanin Rome da Indiya.
Ambaliyar Afirka ta 2023
Tun daga ranar 5 ga Fabrairun 2023, ambaliyar ruwa ta kashe mutane sama da 2,200 a kasashe 15 na Afirka.
Fage
A cikin shekarar 2023, ruwan sama da yawa ya mamaye ƙasa, wanda ke ƙara yuwuwar ambaliya. A tsakanin watan Janairu zuwa Afrilun shekarar 2023, ma'aikatar ba da agajin gaggawa ta kasar Sin ta ba da rahoton cewa, bala'o'i masu nasaba da yanayi sun haddasa asarar rayukan mutane 60, sun lalata gidaje sama da 1,205 tare da lalata gonaki mai girman eka 5,000 a fadin kasar Rwanda. A ranar 2 ga Mayu, Hukumar Kula da Yanayi ta Ruwanda ta yi hasashen za a samu ruwan sama sama da matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaicin tsawon kwanaki 10 masu zuwa. Gwamnatin Rwanda a baya ya nemi mazauna da ke zaune a wuraren dausayi da sauran wurare masu hadari da su ƙaura.
Uganda kuma ta fuskanci ruwan sama mai karfi tun watan Maris, wanda ya haddasa zabtarewar kasa da ta lalata gidaje tare da raba daruruwan mutane.
Tasiri
Ambaliyar ruwa da ta haifar da dalilai daban-daban ta kashe mutane 1,216 a Malawi, 476 a Jamhuriyar Dimokaradiyyar Kwango, 198 a Mozambique, 135 a Rwanda, 42 a Somalia 40 a Madagascar, 29 a Habasha 18 a Uganda 16 a Kenya, 15 a Afirka ta Kudu da kuma wani a Kamaru.
Bikin Ndaakoya
Bikin Ndaakoya biki ne na Frafra, Talensi, da Nabdan da ke magana a yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya na Ghana. Akan yi bikin ne a farkon watannin kowace sabuwar shekara (Janairu da Fabrairu) don gode wa Allah da ya samu nasarar girbi a lokacin noma.
Tarihi
Kalmar Ndaakoya ta fito daga kalmomi Frafra guda biyu: Ndaa ma'ana "a lokacin" ko "kwanaki", da Koya ma'ana "Na yi noma" ko "noma". Don haka kalmar Ndaakoya na nufin "a lokacin ne na yi noma". Bikin Ndaakoya shine babban bikin da al'ummomin Frafra, Talensi da Nabdan ke yi a yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya. Tare, waɗannan ƙungiyoyin jama'a sune mafi yawan al'ummar yankin. Bikin wata gada ce da wadannan kabilun ke yi domin farantawa allolin kasarsu godiya ta hanyar yi musu godiya bisa girbi mai kyau. Kakanninsu sun yi imani cewa amfanin gona mai kyau a lokacin girbi, tanadin ruwan sama, hasken rana da sauran abubuwan da suka dace don ƙarfafa girbi mai kyau aikin alloli ne da suke bauta wa kuma don haka suna bukatar su gode wa alloli don girbi mai ban sha'awa.
Anyi bikin ne cikin lumana da kuma neman samar da hadin kai tsakanin al'umma. Bikin nasa a koyaushe yana ganin mutane daban-daban, daga kowane lungu da sako na yankin, suna tururuwa don shaida abubuwan ban mamaki na al'adu, kiɗa da raye-raye. Duk da cewa Sarkin Bolga (wanda aka fi sani da Bolga Naaba) ne ke gudanar da bikin a kowace shekara, ana sa ran kowane gida ya yi wannan bikin a kowace shekara a hanyarsu don wannan manufa. Baya ga baje kolin kade-kade da raye-rayen da ake yi a lokacin shagalin biki, ana zuba liyafa, ana shirya abinci da shaye-shaye don yin nishadi. Ana kuma gayyatar masu fada a ji daga dukkan yankunan yankin da sauran yankuna da su zo su kalli bikin. Pito sanannen "giyar gida" na yankin ana yawan ba da ita yayin bikin. Ana shirya wannan ta hanyar amfani da wani ɓangare na ribar da aka samu a lokacin girbi. Ana shirya shi ta hanyar amfani da masarar Guinea ko kuma abin da aka sani da "Jan gero". Wannan mutane ne suka zo da shi daga gidajensu a matsayin alamar farantawa alloli.
Nemata Majek-Walker
Nemata Majeks-Walker (an haife ta a shekara ta 1946/1947) yar gwagwarmayar kare hakkin mata ce 'yar Saliyo.
Rayuwar farko da ilimi
Majeks-Walker an haifeta ga dangin Aku Mohammedan a Freetown, babban birnin Saliyo. Yariya tilo ce. Mahaifiyarta ta rasu tana da shekara biyar kacal. Kakar kakarta ne da sauran 'yan uwa suka rene ta.
Ta yi karatu a Makarantar 'Yan Mata ta Methodist, Makarantar Sakandare ta Magburaka don 'Yan Mata a Mathora, da Makarantar Memorial Annie Walsh a Freetown.
Ta samu gurbin karatu na gwamnati kuma ta sami digiri na farko a fannin Ingilishi da adabi a Kwalejin Fourah Bay (FBC) a shekarar 1972.TaTa sami horo a matsayin malami kuma ta sami Diploma a fannin Ilimi a 1973. Ta sami digiri na biyu a Turanci a matsayin Harshe na biyu a Jami'ar Illinois a Urbana–Champaign a 1975.
Aikin ilimi
Majeks-Walker ya koma Freetown,yana karantarwa a Kwalejin Fourah Bay da AWMS, ya zama shugaban sashin Ingilishi a 1981,kafin ya yi aiki a matsayin jami'in haɓaka manhaja na Ingilishi a Cibiyar Ilimi a Freetown.
A cikin 1983,ta sami lambar yabo ta Commonwealth Scholarship don yin digiri na uku a fannin ilimin nesa a Jami'ar Surrey,a Guildford, Ingila.Ta sami digiri na uku a 1986 kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin jami'ar ilimi a Landan har zuwa farkon 1990s.
Tun daga 1999,Majeks-Walker ya kasance"mai ba da shawara kuma mai gudanarwa/mai koyarwa tare da ƙwarewar aiki a cikin jinsi,jagoranci, shawarwari,da siyasa".
Ayyukan aiki
A cikin 2001,Majeks-Walker ya kafa rukunin 50/50 na Saliyo, wanda ya mai da hankali kan daidaito ga mata.
A cikin Yuli 2013,Majeks-Walker ya kasance mai magana a Dandalin Adalci na Duniya IV a Hague,Netherlands.
A cikin 2015,BBC ta nada ta a matsayin daya daga cikin Mata 100.
A cikin Janairu 2017,Majeks-Walker an nada Majeks-Walker a matsayin shugaban hukumar kula da hadaddun asibitocin koyarwa ta 'yan majalisar Saliyo na Kwamitin Nadawa da Ayyukan Jama'a.
Harin bam a Rann
A ranar 17 ga watan Janairun 2017, wani jirgin yaƙin sojin saman Najeriya ya yi kuskure da bam a sansanin ƴan gudun hijira da ke kusa da kan iyakar kasar Kamaru a garin Rann na jihar Borno. Sun yi imanin cewa sansanin Boko Haram ne. Harin bam ya yi sanadin mutuwar a ƙalla mutane 115, ciki har da ma'aikatan agaji na Red Cross shida, sannan fiye da 100 sun jikkata.
Fage
Ƙungiyar Boko Haram ƙungiya ce ta masu jihadi da ke neman a yi shari'ar Musulunci a Najeriya. Sun yi ta kai farmaki a yankin na Rann, kuma sojojin Najeriya sun kai farmaki a shekarar 2016 wanda ya tilastawa kungiyar ficewa. Sai dai mayakan na Boko Haram sun dawo ne bayan damina ta kare a yankin, lamarin da ya ba su damar yin tafiye-tafiye cikin sauƙi, kuma a watan Disamba sun kai hari a wani sansanin soji da ke yankin.
Lamarin
Rahotannin farko na cewa rundunar sojin Najeriya ta samu labarin cewa dakarun Boko Haram na taruwa a shirye-shiryen kai hari kan wani makami na sojoji. Manjo Janar Lucky Irabor, kwamandan sojojin Najeriya da ke yaki da Boko Haram a arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, ya ce ya bayar da umarnin kai farmaki ta sama a inda ake kyautata zaton mayakan na taruwa.
Harin na sama ya faru ne wani lokaci da rana—rahotanni sun bambanta daga misalin karfe 09:00 na agogon gida zuwa da sanyin rana  - kuma ya yi sanadin mutuwar mutane da dama. A cewar kungiyar likitocin ta MSF da ke aiki a sansanin da aka kai harin, akalla mutane 50 ne suka mutu, yayin da wani jami’i daga Borno da ke aikin ceto ya shaidawa kamfanin dillancin labarai na Associated Press cewa akalla mutane 100 ne suka mutu. Mai magana da yawun ƙungiyar agaji ta Red Cross ya ce shida daga cikin ma’aikatan agajin nata na cikin wadanda suka mutu. MSF ta ce an jikkata mutane kusan 200, yayin da ake sa ran za su mutu a cikin dare saboda karancin wuraren kiwon lafiya da likitoci a yankin mai nisa, da kuma manyan jami'an ceto da ba a sa ran isarsu ba sai ranar 18 ga watan Janairu. A ranar 18 ga Janairu, 2017, wata sanarwa ta Red Cross ta ce adadin waɗanda suka mutu ya kai kusan 70, yayin da 90 ko sama da haka suka samu raunuka a Rann, 46 daga cikinsu sun sami “mummunan rauni”. A ranar 20 ga Janairu, MSF ta ce ta tabbatar da mutuwar mutane 90, kuma ta samu rahotannin cikin gida cewa adadin na ƙarshe zai iya kai 170. Wani jami’in hukumar bayar da agajin gaggawa a Najeriya ya bayyana a ranar 24 ga watan Janairu cewa adadin waɗanda suka mutu ya kai 115 da aka tabbatar; Yayin da wasu rahotanni suka ce an kashe mutane 236, jami'in ya ce adadin da ya fi yawa shi ne adadin wadanda suka mutu da kuma jikkata.
A shekarar 2022, The Intercept ta wallafa wani rahoto kan takardun da aka samu ta hanyar dokar ƴancin bayanai da ke nuna cewa sojojin Amurka sun bai wa sojojin Najeriya tallafin leken asiri gabanin kai harin ta sama. A cikin takardun, rundunar sojin Amurka a Afirka ta ba da umarnin gudanar da bincike a hukumance kan harin da aka kai ta sama, inda ta kira harin na "ayyukan Amurka da Najeriya."
Martani
Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UN) da ƙungiyar agaji ta Red Cross tare sun aike da wani jirgin sama mai saukar ungulu dauke da ma'aikatan lafiya da 400 kg na kayayyaki, wanda ya zo a ƙarshen 17th  kuma ya kori ma'aikatan Red Cross takwas. Karin jirage masu saukar ungulu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da aka tura domin taimakawa wajen kwashe mutanen, yayin da MSF ta ce ma'aikatanta a Chadi da Kamaru suna shirye-shiryen karbar wadanda abin ya shafa da zarar an kwantar da su don jigilar su daga Rann. An kai wasu daga cikin wadanda suka jikkata zuwa Maiduguri.
Janar Irabor, a karon farko a yakin da ake yi da ƴan Boko Haram ya amince cewa harin da gwamnati ta kai ya yi sanadin mutuwar fararen hula, ya ce “[u] an yi sa’a, an kai harin, amma sai ga shi wasu fararen hula na can a kusa da wurin, kuma an yi nasarar kashe fararen hula. abin ya shafa ne, yayin da shugaban kasa Muhammadu Buhari ya ce lamarin ya kasance "kuskuren aiki na nadama". Sojojin sun shirya fara bincike kan ayyukan matuƙin jirgin da kwamandojin da abin ya shafa domin tantance ko harin da aka kai ta sama ya kasance kuskuren aiki. Babban hafsan hafsan sojin sama, Air Marshal Sadique Abubakar, ya kira taron a matsayin wani lamari mai matukar ban tausayi da ban tausayi, ya kuma yi alkawarin gudanar da cikakken bincike. A ranar 24 ga watan Janairu, kakakin rundunar sojin sama ya ce za a kammala binciken nan da ranar 2 ga watan Fabrairu, kodayake bai bayyana ko sojojin za su fitar da sakamakon binciken ba.
Mausi Segun, mamba a ƙungiyar kare haƙƙin bil’adama ta Human Rights Watch a Najeriya, ya ce ko da wane dalili, kungiyar ta dauki harin bam a matsayin laifi, yana mai cewa “[e] ko da babu wata shaida da ke nuna an kai hari da gangan a sansanin, wanda hakan zai kasance. laifin yaki, an jefa bama-bamai a sansanin ba gaira ba dalili, wanda ya saba wa dokar jin kai ta kasa da kasa."
Hugues Robert na MSF ya ce "Wannan wuri ne mai yawan jama'a wanda ke cike da fararen hula da suka rigaya suka zauna a wurin da kuma 'yan gudun hijirar da suka zo wurin," yayin da jaridar The Economist ta soki harin bam da ya faru a sansanin duk da cewa yana karkashin ikon sojoji. a lokacin.
Idris Garba Kareka
Tsigewa
Jim kadan bayan kammala zaɓen shekarar 2015 da kuma majalisar dokokin jihar Jigawa ta 6 a watan Yuni, ƴan majalisar sun zaɓi Garba a matsayin kakakin majalisar. A ranar 3 ga watan Janairun 2017 ƙasa da watanni bakwai da rantsar da shi, mambobin 25 daga cikin 30 sun yi kira da a tsige shi ba tare da wata tangarda ba a lokacin da gwamnan ya tafi kasar waje. Dalilan da suka sa aka tsige shi dai Garba ya ki amincewa da bukatar abokan aikinsa, kuma ya yi ikirarin cewa ya yi wa kansa ƙarfin tuwo, wanda hakan ya sa abokan nasa suka daina amincewa da shi. Jim kadan bayan zaɓen 2019, an ƙaddamar da majalisar jihar Jigawa ta 7 a watan Mayu kuma aka sake zaɓen Garba a matsayin kakakin majalisar.
Ram Ouédraogo
Ram Ouédraogo (an haife shi a watan Janairu 2, 1950) ɗan siyasan Burkinabe ne kuma shugaban jam'iyyar Rally of the Ecologists of Burkina (RDEB).
An haifi Ouédraogo a Agboville, Cote d'Ivoire, ga iyayen Burkinabe daga Lardin Passoré. Ya tsaya takara a matsayin dan takarar jam'iyyar Greens for Development of Burkina (UVDB) a zaben shugaban kasa da aka gudanar a ranar 15 ga watan Nuwamban 1998, inda ya zo na biyu bayan shugaba mai ci Blaise Compaore da kashi 6.61% na kuri'un da aka kada. Daga baya ya bar UVDB kuma ya kafa jam'iyyar RDEB.
Daga 1999 zuwa 2002, Ouédraogo yayi aiki a gwamnati a matsayin karamin ministan sulhu na kasa.
A zaben shugaban kasa na 13 Nuwamba 2005, Ouédraogo ya sanya na biyar cikin 'yan takara 13, inda ya sami kashi 2.04% na kuri'un.
Serge Bengono
Serge Bengono (an haife shi ranar 3 ga watan Agusta, 1977) ɗan wasan tseren Kamaru ne wanda ya ƙware a tseren mita 100.
Sana'a/Aiki
Ya yi takara a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta shekarar 2000 da kuma gasar cin kofin duniya a shekarun 2001 da 2003 ba tare da ya kai wasan karshe ba.
Mafi kyawun lokacinsa shine daƙiƙa 10.25 a tseren mita 100, wanda ya samu a Gasar Wasannin Afirka ta shekarar 1999 a Johannesburg; da dakika 20.89 a cikin tseren mita 200, da aka samu a watan Afrilun 2002 a Knoxville. Shi ma mai riko ne na kasa a tseren mita 4x100, da aka samu a Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya na 1999. A relay ya kuma taka leda a gasar cin kofin duniya ta 1997.
A halin yanzu Serge Bengono mataimakin kocin tsere ne a Jami'ar Jihar Norfolk.
Seedy Bah
Seedy Bah (an haife shi a ranar 6 ga watan Yulin, 1992) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Gambia.
Kwararre
An haifi Bah a Bakau, kuma ya zo Amurka a cikin shekarar 2010 a matsayin wani bangare na shirin musayar ra'ayi da kungiyar Colorado Rush, wanda ke gudanar da Kwalejin Rush a babban birnin Gambia, Banjul. Bayan gwaji tare da kulob ɗin Seattle Sounders FC na Major League Soccer a lokacin bazara na shekarar 2011, Bah ya sanya hannu tare da kulob ɗin Battery Charleston a cikin Ƙwararrun USL a ranar 23 ga watan Maris, 2011.
Ya yi wasansa na farko na ƙwararru a ranar 9 ga watan Afrilu, 2011 a wasan da suka yi da Charlotte Eagles.
Hukumar kwallon raga ta Tunisia
Hukumar Ƙwallon Raga ta Tunisiya ( Fédération tunisienne de volley-ball (FTVB) ( الجامعة التونسية للكرة الطائرة   ), ita ce hukumar kula da wasan kwallon raga a Tunisia tun 1956.  Ƙungiyar memba ce ta Ƙungiyar Ƙwallon Ƙasar Larabawa, Ƙungiyar  Ƙwallon Ƙasar Afirka (CAVB) da Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Duniya (FIVB). Shugaban FTVB shi ne Mohsen Ben taleb.
Seedy Bah
Ƙasashen Duniya
Bah ya wakilci Gambia a matakin U-17, kuma ya shafe lokaci tare da Cibiyar Ci gaban Amurka (US development academy).
Hukumar kwallon raga ta Tunisia
Tarihi
FIVB ta amince da Tarayyar Tunisiya daga shekarar 1956 kuma memba ne na Kungiyar Ƙwallon Ƙafa ta Afirka.
Seedy Bah
Manazarta
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Tatiana Vivienne
Rayuwan farko
Tatiana Vivienne ta girma a gefen Bangui,ɗaya daga cikin yara goma,'ya'ya mata hudu da maza shida.Sa’ad da take ɗan shekara biyar,mahaifinta ya ƙaura zuwa Baboua da ke arewa-maso-yammacin ƙasar don aiki,kuma a can ta yi karatu a makarantar Katolika.Saboda rashin kwanciyar hankali a CAR a lokacin,iyayenta da suka yi imani da mahimmancin ingantaccen ilimi,dole ne su tura ta Afirka ta Yamma don kammala karatunta.
Ayyukan aiki
Bayan saduwa da mata da yara waɗanda Lord Resistance Army (LRA) suka yi niyya,Vivienne ta kafa Femmes Hommes Action Plus (FHAP) acikin 2011.FHAP ta mayar da hankali ne kan taimaka wa marasa galihu,'yan mata da mata da kowa ya yi watsi da su,sannan kuma yana taimakawa wajen sake shigar da mata cikin al'ummominsu,ciki har da wadanda suka tsere daga LRA.Da yake magana game da FHAP,Vivienne ta ce: "Mu ne muryar marasa murya." Kungiyarta na daya daga cikin wadanda ke sa ido,tattara bayanai da kuma bayar da rahoton take hakkin dan Adam da (LRA) ke aikatawa a yankin Gabas. FHAP kuma tana ba da tallafi na doka da na tunani ga waɗanda abin ya shafa.
Ta fuskanci matsaloli da kalubale da dama wajen tafiyar da FHAP,ciki har da tilastawa rufe ofishin Bangui,fashi da makami a gidanta da kuma karancin kudade na tsawon lokaci.
Nassoshi
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Harsunan Nijar-Congo
Nijar – Kongo dangin yare ne da aka zayyana kuma ake magana a kan yawancin yankin kudu da hamadar Sahara. Yana haɗe da harsunan Mande, harsunan Atlantika-Congo (waɗanda ke raba tsarin ajin suna), da yuwuwar ƙananan ƙungiyoyin harsuna da yawa waɗanda ke da wahalar rarrabawa. Idan har Niger-Congo ta yi aiki, za ta kasance kasa mafi girma a duniya ta fuskar harsunan mambobi, kasa ta uku a fannin masu magana, kuma mafi girma a Afirka ta fuskar yanki. Gaba ɗaya ana la'akari da shi a matsayin dangin harshe mafi girma a duniya dangane da adadin harsuna daban-daban,, gaba da yaren Austronesian, kodayake wannan yana da rikitarwa ta rashin fahimta game da abin da ya ƙunshi harshe na musamman ; Yawan harsunan Niger-Congo mai suna da Ethnologue ya lissafa ya kai 1,540.
Ambaliyar Afirka ta 2022
A cikin 2022, ambaliya ta shafi yawancin Afirka, inda ta kashe mutane 2,100. Kasar da ta fi fama da matsalar ita ce Najeriya, inda sama da mutane 610 suka mutu.
Zaben gwamnan jihar Bauchi a 1979
Zaɓen gwamnan jihar Bauchi a shekarar 1979 ya faru ne a ranar 28 ga Yuli, 1979. Abubakar Tatari Ali na jam'iyyar NPN ne ya lashe zabe a karo na farko inda ya zama gwamnan jihar Bauchi na farko da ke kan gaba, kuma ya doke babbar jam'iyyar adawa a fafatawar.
Tsarin zaɓe
An zaɓi gwamnan jihar Bauchi ne ta hanyar amfani da tsarin zaɓe mai yawan jama'a.
Ambaliyar Afirka ta 2022
Benin
Kananan hukumomi 27 a Benin ne ambaliyar ruwa ta shafa, wanda ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar mutane 41 tare da lalata gidaje sama da 670.
Kamaru
Ya zuwa ranar 20 ga Satumba, mutane 37,439 daga iyalai 6,662 ne ambaliyar ruwa ta shafa a arewacin Kamaru. Akalla mutane 2 ne suka mutu sannan wasu kusan 95 suka jikkata. Kimanin gidaje 9,413 da makarantu 88 ne suka lalace ko kuma suka lalace. Kimanin kadada 2,394 na amfanin gona kuma sun lalace, sannan an yi asarar shanu 3,019.
Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya
A Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, ambaliyar ruwa ta shafi mutane 85,300, ta kashe 11, ta lalata gidaje sama da 2,600 da kadada 18,500 na amfanin gona, ta lalata wasu ababen more rayuwa da dama tare da raba fiye da mutane 6,000 da muhallansu a garuruwa da kauyuka 176 a cikin larduna 12 na 17 na kasar.
Chadi
A watan Agusta, ambaliyar ruwa ta shafi mutane 17,000 a Chadi, wanda ya yi sanadiyar lalata gidaje 1,312. Akalla mutane 22 ne suka mutu yayin da wasu 229 suka jikkata.
Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo
Daga karshen watan Fabrairu zuwa Maris, akalla mutane 16, ciki har da yara hudu suka mutu a Bukavu, sakamakon ambaliyar ruwa. Ambaliyar ruwa a watan Afrilu ta kashe mutane 20, yayin da aka samu rahoton mutuwar wasu 21 a watan Mayu.
Daga ranar 12 zuwa 14 ga Disamba, 2022, ruwan sama kamar da bakin kwarya ya bar tituna, ababen more rayuwa da kuma unguwanni da dama a karkashin ruwa ko kuma sun lalace a Kinshasa, babban birnin Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo. Ambaliyar ruwa ta kashe mutane 169.
Zaben gwamnan jihar Bauchi a 1979
Sakamako
Akwai jam’iyyun siyasa biyar da Hukumar Zabe ta Tarayya (FEDECO) ta yi wa rajista don shiga zaben. Tatari Ali na jam'iyyar NPN ne ya lashe zaben da kuri'u mafi rinjaye.
Ambaliyar Afirka ta 2022
Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo
A ranar 31 ga Disamba, zabtarewar kasa ta afku a Kudancin Kivu, inda mutane takwas suka mutu.
Harsunan Nijar-Congo
Idan yana aiki, zai zama harshe na uku mafi girma a duniya a cikin yawan masu magana da yaren, wanda ya ƙunshi kusan mutane miliyan 700 a shekarar 2015. A Kasar Nijar-Congo, harsunan Bantu kadai ke da mutane miliyan 350 (2015), wato rabin jimlar yawan jama'ar Nijar-Congo. Harsunan Nijar–Congo da aka fi amfani da su ta yawan masu jin yaren su ne Yarbawa, Igbo, Fula, Ga-Adamgbe, Shona, Sesotho, Zulu, Akan, da Mooré. Mafi yawan masu magana da su shine Swahili, wanda ake amfani da shi azaman yare a sassan gabashi da kudu maso gabashin Afirka.
Yayin da ƙayyadaddun halitta na tsakiyar Nijar-Congo (wanda ake kira Atlantika-Congo ) ya sami karbuwa sosai, tsarin cikin gida bai yi kyau ba. Sauran rassa na farko na iya haɗawa da Dogon, Mande, Ijo, Katla da Rashad. Ba a taɓa nuna alaƙar harsunan Mande musamman ba, kuma idan ba tare da su ba, ba a tabbatar da sahihancin dangin Nijar da Kongo gaba ɗaya ba (saɓanin Atlantika-Congo ko makamancinsa).
Asali
Jimillar harshen ya fi yiwuwa sun samo asali a cikin ko kusa da yankin da ake magana da waɗannan harsuna kafin fadada Bantu (watau Afirka ta Yamma ko Afirka ta Tsakiya ). Fadada ta na iya kasancewa yana da alaƙa da faɗaɗa aikin noma na Sahel a cikin zamanin Neolithic na Afirka, bayan ƙazantar sahara a c. 3500 KZ.
A cewar Roger baki daya (2004), duk kwararru a yaren Nijar-congo sun yi imani da yaruka na yau da kullun, saboda dalilai na gama gari, saboda abubuwan da suka raba su kuma sun raba na asali Lexicon. Tun daga Diedrich Westermann a shekarar 1922 an yi irin wannan rabe-rabe ga Nijar-Congo Joseph Greenberg ya ci gaba da wannan al'adar, inda ya mai da ita mafarin rarrabuwar harsuna na zamani a Afirka, tare da wasu fitattun littattafansa da za su buga tun daga shekarun 1960. Duk da haka, an yi ta muhawara mai ƙarfi tsawon shekaru da yawa game da rabe-raben harsunan da suka dace a cikin wannan dangin harshe, wanda shine babban kayan aiki da ake amfani da shi wajen gano wurin asalin harshe. Ba a samar da takamaiman ƙamus ko nahawu na " Proto-Niger-Congo " ga dangin harshe gaba ɗaya.
Wani muhimmin al’amari da ba a warware shi ba wajen tantance lokaci da wurin da harsunan Nijar – Kongo suka samo asali da kuma kewayon su kafin tarihin da aka rubuta shi ne dangantakar dangin wannan harshe da harsunan Kordofanian, waɗanda yanzu ake magana da su a tsaunukan Nuba na Sudan, wanda ba shi da alaƙa da sauran yarukka, na yankin masu magana da yaren Niger-Congo kuma yana arewa maso gabashin yankin da ake magana da harshen Niger-Congo a halin yanzu. Ra'ayin yare da ake yi a yanzu shi ne cewa harsunan mutanen Kordofa na cikin dangin yaren Nijar da Kongo kuma wannan na iya kasancewa na farko daga cikin harsunan da ake magana da su a yankin da ake magana da su a yankin. Shaida ba ta isa ta tantance ko wannan rukunin masu magana da yaren Niger-Congo na wakiltar wani yanki na yanki na harshen Nijar da Kongo wanda tun daga lokacin ya yi yarjejeniya kamar yadda wasu harsuna suka yi kutse, ko kuma a maimakon haka, wannan yana wakiltar rukunin yaren Niger-Congo. masu magana da suka yi ƙaura zuwa yankin a wani lokaci a tarihin tarihi inda suka kasance keɓaɓɓen al'ummar harshe tun daga farko.
Akwai ƙarin yarjejeniya game da wurin da kuma asalin Benue-Congo, mafi girman dangi na ƙungiyar. A cikin Benue-Congo, wurin da aka samo asalin harsunan Bantu da kuma lokacin da ya fara faɗaɗa an san shi sosai. Blench (2004), ya dogara musamman kan aikin da Kay Williamson da P. De Wolf suka yi, ya yi iƙirarin cewa Benue-Congo ta samo asali ne daga mahadar kogin Benue da Neja a tsakiyar Najeriya. Wadannan kididdigar da aka yi na wurin da dangin yaren Benue-Congo suka fito, ba su sanya ranar da za a fara wannan fadada ba, sai dai cewa ya kamata kafin fadada Bantu don ba da damar rarraba harsunan cikin wannan harshe. dangin da suka hada da Bantu.
An yi ta cece-ku-ce game da rarrabuwar kawuna na dangin harsunan Ubangian, wanda ke tsakiyar Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, a matsayin wani bangare na dangin harshen Nijar-Congo. Ubangian ya kasance tare da Niger-Congo ta Greenberg (1963), kuma daga baya hukumomi sun amince, amma Dimmendaal ya yi tambaya (2008).
Manyan rassa
Mai zuwa shine taƙaitaccen rukunin harsunan da aka saba haɗawa a cikin Nijar-Congo. Dangantakar kwayoyin halittar wasu rassa ba a yarda da ita a duk duniya ba, kuma dangantakar da ke tsakanin wadanda aka yarda da su na iya zama ba a sani ba.
Jigon phylum na ƙungiyar Niger-Congo sune harsunan Atlantic-Congo. Harsunan da ba na Atlantic-Congo a cikin Nijar-Congo an haɗa su kamar Dogon, Mande, Ijo (wani lokaci tare da Defaka a matsayin Ijoid ), Katla da Rashad.
Atlantic-Congo
Atlantic-Congo ya haɗu da harsunan Atlantic, waɗanda ba su da reshe ɗaya, da Volta-Congo. Ya ƙunshi fiye da kashi 80% na al'ummar Niger-Congo, ko kuma kusan mutane miliyan 600 (2015).
Kungiyar Savannas ta hada Adamawa da Ubangian da Gur. A wajen ƙungiyar Savannas, Volta-Congo ta ƙunshi Kru, Kwa (ko "West Kwa"), Volta-Niger (kuma "Gabas Kwa" ko "West Benue-Congo") da Benue-Congo (ko "Gabas Benue-Congo" ). Volta-Niger ya ƙunshi manyan harsuna biyu na Najeriya, Yarbanci da Igbo. Benue-Congo ya hada da kungiyar Bantoid ta Kudu, wacce harsunan Bantu suka mamaye, wanda ke da yawan mutane miliyan 350 (2015), ko kuma rabin yawan jama'ar Nijar-Congo.
Tsananin haɗin kai na kwayoyin halitta na kowane ɗayan waɗannan ƙananan ƙungiyoyin na iya fuskantar jayayya. Misali, Roger Blench (2012) ya bayar da hujjar cewa Adamawa, Ubangian, Kwa, Bantoid, da Bantu ba kungiyoyi ba ne.
Ko da yake an haɗa reshen Kordofania a cikin harsunan Nijar-Congo, wasu masu bincike ba su yarda da haɗa shi ba. Glottolog 3.4 (2019) bai yarda cewa rassan Kordofanian ( Lafofa, Talodi da Heiban ) ko kuma yaren Laal mai wahala da aka nuna ya zama harsunan Atlantic-Congo ba. In ba haka ba yana yarda da dangi amma ba haɗa shi a cikin babban yankin Niger-Congo ba. Glottolog kuma yana ɗaukar Ijoid, Mande, da Dogon a matsayin phyla masu zaman kansu waɗanda ba a nuna suna da alaƙa da juna ba.
John Varty
John Varty (an haife shi 27 Nuwamba 1950) ɗan fim ɗin namun daji ne na Afirka ta Kudu wanda ya yi fina-finai sama da 30 da fim ɗin fasali ɗaya. Varty marubuci ne, mawaki-mawaƙi kuma ɗan gwagwarmaya. Ya mallaki Londolozi Game Reserve da Tiger Canyon - Aikin da ke da nufin ƙirƙirar yawan damisa mai 'yanci, mai dogaro da kai a wajen Asiya.
Rayuwar farko
John Varty ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Parktown Boys a Johannesburg. Lokacin yaro, John ya koyi game da farauta a gonar wasan iyali kusa da Kruger National Park. Bayan mahaifinsa, Charles, ya mutu, John da ɗan'uwansa, Dave Varty, sun dakatar da ayyukan farauta kuma suka mayar da shi wurin ajiyar wasa a cikin 1973. Sun sake masa suna Londolozi, wato kalmar Zulu da ake kira "majiɓincin halittu". Tun daga wannan lokacin ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan wuraren shakatawa a duniya kuma an haɗa shi cikin mafi kyawun balaguron balaguro da nishaɗi na duniya sau 4 a ƙarshen 90s da farkon 2000s.
Mary Clifford
Mary Clifford (1842 – 19 Janairu 1919). yar siyasa ce ta Biritaniya, wacce aka sani da majagaba na mata masu aiki a Kwamitin Masu gadi.
Farkon Rayuwa
An haife ta a Bristol, Clifford ita ce 'yar Reverend J.B Clifford, mataimakin Cotham Church. Mahaifiyarta ta rasu sa’ad da Maryamu take ƙarama, kuma a matsayinta na ɗan fari, ta ɗauki nauyin renon ’yan’uwanta da yawa. Sun haɗa da Edward, daga baya ya zama sanannen mai fasaha, da Alfred, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Bishop na Lucknow. Daga baya, ta fara aikin zamantakewa na son rai a Cotham.
Zaɓen 1875 na Martha Merington zuwa Kwamitin Masu gadi ya tabbatar da cewa mata sun cancanci yin aiki a kan waɗannan jikin. Clifford da wasu mata biyu sun tsaya takarar Barton Regis Board of Guardians a 1882, kuma an zaɓi duka ukun. Ba da daɗewa ba Clifford ta zama macen da ta fi fice da ke aiki a Hukumar Kula da Lafiyar Jama'a, kuma ta ƙirƙiri wani tsari da aka karɓe sosai don renon marayu. Ta kuma yi imanin cewa, marayu da yawa za su fi kyau idan an ƙaura zuwa Kanada, kuma sun ƙirƙiri tsarin ƙaura tare da Mark Whitwill.
Siyasa
Ta yi gwagwarmayar rage karfin iyaye masu zagin yara kan 'ya'yansu, wanda aka kafa doka a 1889. Saboda shaharar Clifford, an haɗa ta zuwa Babban Kwamitin Taro na Dokokin Talakawa, inda ta yi aiki a kai tsawon shekaru goma sha biyu. A cikin 1898, Hukumar Barton Regis ta shiga cikin Hukumar Kula da Masu gadi na Bristol, kuma Clifford ya ci gaba da cin zaɓe ga babban jiki.
Aiki
Clifford ta kasance memba ce ta kungiyar Ma'aikatan Mata ta Kasa (NUWW), kuma ta kasance shugabar kungiyar daga 1903 zuwa 1905. Ta kasance mai addini sosai, kuma ta nuna damuwa cewa kungiyar tana aiki tare da wasu kungiyoyi a wasu ƙasashe waɗanda ba su da ra'ayin addininta, amma ta gamsu cewa yawancin shugabannin NUWW 'yan Anglican ne. Ta yawaita halarta kuma ta yi magana a Majami'ar Coci, kuma an ba da rahoton jawabinta na 1899 kan aikin mishan a ƙasashen waje.
Clifford an santa da sanye da hular riga da dogon alkyabba, wanda aka yi la'akari da tsohuwar zamani a lokacin, kuma wannan ya haifar da tatsuniya cewa ita Quaker ce.
Mutuwa
Ranar 19 ga watan Janairu 1919.
Rita Duffy
Rita Duffy (an Haifeta a shekara ta 1959)yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Arewacin Ireland,wacce aka bayyana a cikin 2005 a matsayin "manyan fasaha na lardin".Ta bayyana kanta a matsayin 'yar Republican,mai son zaman lafiya kuma mai son mata.
Ayyukanta dai galibi suna nuna al'amuran zamantakewa da siyasa kuma wasu ayyukanta suna cikin tarin dindindin na Gidan Tarihi na Fasahar Zamani na Irish da Gidan Tarihi na Yakin Imperial a London.
Asalinta
An haifi Rita Duffy a Belfast a cikin 1959 ga dangin Katolika kuma ta girma a lokacin Matsalolin 1970s,a unguwar Furotesta na Stranmillis,Belfast.Lokacin da take koleji ta fi son yin aikin zamantakewa, zane-zane na alama,a lokacin hutunta,ta zauna a New York City tana zana hotunan titi.
Aiki
Duffy ta bayyana kanta a matsayin 'yar Republican,mai kishin kasa, mai son zaman lafiya da kuma mata. Ta yi amfani da ban tsoro,wayo da ban dariya don yin tambayoyi game da tarihin Irish da siyasa.Har ila yau, aikinta yana tasiri ta hanyar surrealism da gaskiyar sihiri.
A cikin 2005, Duffy ta zo da hankali sosai game da shawararta ta jawo wani dutsen kankara daga Greenland zuwa Belfast,wanda ke wakiltar hanyoyin haɗin birnin zuwa RMS <i id="mwLg">Titanic</i> kuma tana nuna rashin jin daɗi na siyasar Arewacin Ireland.A lokacin shekarar Derry a matsayin Birnin Al'adu na Burtaniya, Duffy ta gudanar da aikin "Shirt Factory Project",tana daukar mutane hudu.Aikin ya kasance sashin gallery,gidan kayan gargajiya da kantin sayar da sashi.A kan 24 Afrilu 2016,karni na Easter Rising don kawo karshen mulkin Birtaniya a Ireland,Duffy ta buɗe wani wasan kwaikwayo mai suna"The Souvenir Shop"a cikin gidan Georgian a Arewacin Great George's Street,Dublin.Nunin ya nemi bincika ainihin ɗan Irish.
Ana iya samun aikin Duffy a cikin manyan tarin jama'a da yawa,gami da Gidan Tarihi na Fasahar Zamani na Irish da Gidan Tarihi na Yakin Imperial a London.
Hortense Béwouda
Hortense Béwouda (an haife ta a ranar 19 ga watan Oktoba 1978) 'yar wasan tseren Kamaru ce wacce ta ƙware a cikin tseren mita 400.
Mafi kyawun lokacinta shine daƙiƙa 51.04, wanda aka samu a watan Yuni 2004 a Algiers. A halin yanzu tana riƙe da rikodin ƙasa a cikin gudun mita 4x400 tare da mintuna 3:27.08, wanda aka samu tare da abokan wasan Mireille Nguimgo, Carole Kaboud Mebam da Delphine Atangana a watan Agusta 2003 a Paris.
Rita Duffy
Nassoshi
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Kobine
Kobine raye-raye ne na gargajiya da biki na musamman ga mutanen yankin Lawra da ke arewa maso yammacin Ghana. Ana kuma kiran su kabilar Dagaaba. Ana yin raye-rayen da bikin da aka sanya wa suna a watan Satumba da Oktoba don nuna ƙarshen girbi mai nasara.
Biki
Ana yin bikin Kobine don gode wa alloli da kakanni saboda girbi mai yawa don haka ana kiransa bikin girbi da bikin dangi. A wannan lokacin, ’yan uwa da suka yi tafiye-tafiye ko zama a wasu yankunan da ba su da gida, Lawra kan koma gida don haɗa kai da iyalansu da yin murna.
Malami
Malami, wanda ake kira da malamin makaranta, mutum ne da ke taimaka wa ɗalibai domin su samu ingantaccen ilimi, ƙwarewa, ko nagarta, ta hanyar koyarwarsa.
Kobine
Biki
Bikin na Kobine yana ɗaukar kwanaki huɗu, wanda aka keɓe ranar farko don ziyartar dangi da abokai. Kwanaki na biyu da na uku su ne hutun hukuma. Wani jerin gwano na shugabannin iyali yana rakiyar gungun matasa ne sanye da tufafin wakiltar mafarauta da giwaye.
Malami
A takaice dai malami na nufin, dukkan wani mai ilimi, ko kwararre a wani fanni na ilimim,sannan ya ke iya koyar da ilimin. Ta wata sigar kuma ana iya cewa, malami shi ne mutumin da yake taimakawa Alumma ta yadda zasu samu ingattaccen ilimi, fasaha, ko wata daraja.
Kobine
Biki
An gabatar da jawabai da dama daga bakin manyan baki da sauran baki kafin a fara gasar rawa ta Kobine.
Rawa
Ana yin waƙar Kobine ne daga kuor, kayan ganga mai tushe da aka yi da gour, da dalar, ƙaramin ganga da aka yi daga wuyan tukunyar yumbu.
Malami
Ba bisa ƙa'ida ba kowa zai iya ɗaukar matsayin kansa a malami, (misali lokacin nuna wa abokin aiki yadda ake yin takamaiman aiki kaza). A wasu ƙasashe, ana iya koyar da matasa waɗanda suka je makaranta a wani yanayi na yau da kullun, ko kamar a cikin iyali (makarantar gida), maimakon a cikin tsari na yau da kullun kuma na zamani, kamar makaranta ko kwaleji. Wasu sana'o'in na iya haɗawa da adadi mai yawa na koyarwa (misali ma'aikacin matasa, fasto).
Kobine
Rawa
Maza yawanci suna yin ado ne da siket masu kyau, amma yawanci ba su da ƙirji don nuna mazajensu da kuma sassaucin ra'ayi yayin rawa. Ana sawa wasu kayan ado kamar kayan kwalliya da hula. Matan suna yin ado irin na maza, sai dai gabaɗaya za su sa rigar riga. Duka maza da mata suna sanya zobe na kararrawa a kusa da idon sawu don ƙarfafa motsin su lokacin da suke rawa.
Paterson Joseph
Paterson D. Joseph (an haife shi 22 ga watan Yuni shekara ta 1964)  ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na kasar Ingila, kuma kwararren marubuci ne. Ya fara ayyukan Kamfanin Royal Shakespeare na King Lear da Love's Labour's Lost tun shekarar 1990. A talabijin an san shi da kyau saboda rawar da ya taka a Casualty (daga shekara 1997 zuwa shekara 1998), kamar yadda Alan Johnson a cikin Channel 4 sitcom Peep Show (daga shekara ta 2003 zuwa shekara ta 2015), Green Wing (2004 – 2006), Survivors (2008 – 2010), Yaro Ya Sadu da Yarinya (2009), kamar yadda DI Wes Layton a cikin Dokar &amp; oda: UK (2013-2014), kamar yadda Wayne Wayne a cikin The Leftovers (2014-15), kamar yadda DCI Mark Maxwell a cikin Safe House (2015-2017), kuma kamar yadda Connor Mason a Marasa lokaci (2016-2018). Ayyukansa na fim sun haɗa da The Beach (2000), Greenfingers (2001), Æon Flux (2005) da Sauran Mutum (2008).
Kobine
Rawa
Rawar kanta tana ƙunshe da motsi mai sauri na rhythmic musamman tare da gangar jikin ko babba. A lokacin kololuwar motsi na rawa, gabaɗaya mata za su yanke shiga su yi rawa a gaban ɗan rawan da suka fi so.