cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Gbenga Ogedegbe
Farkon rayuwa da ilimi
An haifi Ogedegbe a Legas. Ya halarci Hussey College, Warri. Ya yanke shawarar cewa yana son zama likita yana dan shekara takwas. Bayan ya kammala karatunsa na sakandare, ya yi karatun likitanci a jami'ar Donetsk ta kasar Ukraniya. Ba da dadewa ba bayan ya kammala karatun likitanci ya koma Amurka, inda ya kansance dalibin likitanci a Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Montefiore. Daga baya ya shiga Jami'ar Columbia, inda ya kammala digiri na biyu a fannin lafiyar jama'a. Ya gudanar da hadin gwiwar bincike a duka Kwalejin Magunguna ta Weill Cornell da Kwalejin Magunguna ta Albert Einstein.
Haƙƙin ɗan Adam a ƙasar Guinea
Haƙƙoƙin ɗan adam a Guinea, ƙasa mai kusan mutane 10,069,000 a Afirka ta Yamma, batu ne mai cike da cece-kuce. A cikin rahotonta na Freedom in the World a shekara ta 2012, Freedom House ta bayyana kasar Guinea a matsayin ‘yantacciyar ‘yanci a shekara ta biyu a jere, wani ci gaba a kan matsayinta na da a matsayin daya daga cikin kasashe mafi karancin ‘yanci a nahiyar Afirka.
Ofishin dimokuradiyya da kare hakkin dan Adam da kwadago na Amurka, wanda ke fitar da rahotannin kare hakkin dan Adam na shekara-shekara kan kasar, ta yi ikirarin cewa batutuwan da suka fi daukar hankali su ne yadda jami'an tsaro ke azabtar da su, da cin zarafin mata da kananan yara ta hanyar irin wadannan abubuwa kamar al'aurar mata. lalata.
Halin tarihi da siyasa
Guinea ta sami 'yencin kanta daga Faransa a shekara ta 1958. Alpha Condé ya lashe zaben shugaban kasa a shekara ta 2010 kuma a watan Disambar shekarar 2010 ya zama zababben shugaban kasar na farko ta hanyar dimokradiyya. Jadawalin da ke gaba yana nuna ƙimar Guinea tun shekarar 1972 a cikin rahoton 'Yanci a Duniya, wanda Freedom House ke bugawa kowace shekara. Ƙimar 1 "kyauta" ne; 7, "ba kyauta ba". 1
Sekou Touré (1954-1984)
A cikin watan shekarar Disamba shekarar 1970, Archbishop na Conakry, Raymond-Marie Tchidimbo, aka yanke masa hukumcin aiki tukuru saboda ƙin karanta takardun gwamnati daga kan mimbari yana kira ga Kiristoci su goyi bayan gwamnati game da mulkin mallaka na kasashen waje. Shi da wasu fursunonin siyasa akalla dubu sun kasance a tsare a 1977. Wani rahoto da Kungiyar Kare Hakkokin Bil Adama ta Duniya ta buga a watan Yuni 1977 ya kiyasta adadin fursunonin siyasa sama da 3000, yana zargin fursunonin na fuskantar yunwa, azabtarwa, kisa, da kisa ba gaira ba dalili. Babban gidan yari mafi shahara shine Camp Boiro, wanda ya hada da cikin fursunonin Diallo Telli. Bayan suka mai tsanani game da halin da take ciki na kare hakkin bil'adama, da kuma hana taimakon da Amurka ta yi a karkashin dokar samar da zaman lafiya, gwamnati ta yi yunkurin kulla alaka da makwabtanta da kasashen Yamma, kuma ta yi ikirarin inganta halin da take ciki. A cikin watan shekarar Agusta da watan Oktoba shekarar 1977, duk da haka, gwamnati ta yi harbi a kan jerin zanga-zangar tattalin arziki tare da kashe mata da ba a san adadinsu ba. Daga nan suka fara tattara masu tunani. A shekara ta 1978 rahotanni sun yi kiyasin adadin fursunonin siyasa sun karu zuwa dubu hadu 4000.
Sandra Arana
Sandra Elena Arana Arce (an haifeta ranar 31 ga watan Oktoba, 1973) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce haifaffiyar Amurka, abin ƙira, da mai gabatar da shirye-shiryen talabijin da ke Peru.
Haƙƙin ɗan Adam a ƙasar Guinea
Sekou Touré (1954-1984)
A ƙarshen 1978 Shugaba Sékou Touré ya yi shelar wa 'yan jarida cewa duk fursunonin da aka yanke wa hukuncin kisa a Boiro sun mutu. Ya ci gaba da bayanin cewa Amnesty International ta kasance "sharar gida". Ya zuwa shekarar 1979 rahotanni sun yi iƙirarin cewa ƙasa da 20 na ainihin waɗanda aka kama ana ci gaba da tsare a Boiro. Daruruwan da aka kama ba su sake bayyana ba, amma wasu majiyoyi sun ce adadin ya haura 4000. Sai dai an ci gaba da kama mutane.
Wani harin gurneti da aka kai kan Palais du Peuple a watan Mayun shekarar 1980 da kuma fashewar bam a cikin watan Fabrairun shekarar 1981 a filin jirgin saman Conakry ya haifar da kame wasu daruruwa da suka shafi siyasa, tare da tsare daruruwan mutane da rahotannin mutuwa. An ci gaba da kashe mutane a Boiro ta hanyar abin da aka sani da "abincin baƙar fata" - cikakken rashin abinci da ruwa. Gwamnatin Guinea ta kuma cimma matsaya da gwamnatocin kasashen Laberiya da Cote d'Ivoire domin mayar da 'yan kasashen ketare da ke da hannu a ayyukan 'yan adawa da tilastawa komawa gida. Rahotannin da ke nuni da tsare su da duka da aka yi a lokacin da suka iso, ya bazu zuwa kasashen waje.
Sandra Arana
Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Sandra Arana a Wisconsin, Amurka, amma ta girma a Lima. Ta yi karatu a Makarantar Sophianum mai alfarma. Bayan kammala karatunta ta yi karatun yawon bude ido da karimci, kuma a lokaci guda ta fara sadaukar da kanta ga wasan kwaikwayo.
Haƙƙin ɗan Adam a ƙasar Guinea
Sekou Touré (1954-1984)
A watan Satumba na shekarar 1982, Touré ya gudanar da taron manema labarai cikin alfahari yana shelar cewa babu sauran fursunonin siyasa da ake tsare da su a ƙasar. Ya kasa bayyana makomar mutane kusan 2900 da aka kama tun shekarar 1969 wadanda ba a san inda suke ba. Rahotannin adadin fursunonin a Boiro sun ci gaba da zuwa daga daruruwa zuwa dubbai. Hanyoyin azabtarwa da aka ce an yi amfani da su a gidan yarin sun hada da bauta, kona sigari ta tilastawa, da wutar lantarki da aka shafa a kai da al'aura. Bayan mutuwar Touré a cikin watan Maris shekarar 1984, an sami manyan canje-canjen siyasa.
Anat Gov
Anat Gov (ענת גוב ;Disamba 13,1953-Disamba 9,2012) marubucin allo ne na Isra'ila kuma marubucin wasan kwaikwayo.
Tarihin Rayuwa
An haife shi a Tiberias, Gov ta ƙaura zuwa Tel Aviv tare da danginta lokacin tana ɗan shekara uku.Ta sauke karatu daga Thelma Yellin High School of Arts tare da digiri na wasan kwaikwayo.A farkon shekarun 1970,ta shiga tare da ƙungiyar nishaɗin soja ta IDF inda ta sadu da mijinta Gidi Gov. Daga baya Gov ya yi karatu na tsawon shekara guda a sashen wasan kwaikwayo na Jami'ar Tel Aviv kuma ta yi ɗan gajeren aiki a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo,amma ta bar bayan wasa ɗaya.
Haƙƙin ɗan Adam a ƙasar Guinea
Gwamnatin Lansana (1984-2008)
A ranar 3 ga watan Afrilun shekarar 1984 ne sojoji suka karbe ikon kasar, suka dakatar da kundin tsarin mulkin kasar, suka rusa jam'iyyar Democratique de Guinée mai mulki, sannan suka kaddamar da kwamitin soja na kasa da kasa don gudanar da mulkin kasar a karkashin Lansana Conté. A sanarwar farko da sabbin sarakunan suka yi a bainar jama'a sun yi ikirarin cewa za su dauki hakkin bil'adama a matsayin fifiko tare da bayyana wadanda suka "rasa rayukansu kawai saboda suna son bayyana ra'ayoyinsu kan makomar kasar a matsayin shahidai. An rufe Camp Boiro kuma an saki dukkan fursunonin siyasa nan da nan. Bayan mutuwar wani da ake zargi da aikata laifi a hannun 'yan sanda a watan Satumbar 1984, an yi zanga-zanga a Kamsar kuma an kama mutane sari biyu 200.
Sandra Arana
Sana'ar fim
A cikin Shekara ta 1999 ta bayyana a cikin telenovela Vidas prestadas, tare da ɗan wasan Peruvian Bernie Paz da kuma 'yar wasan Venezuela Grecia Colmenares.
Haƙƙin ɗan Adam a ƙasar Guinea
Tsarin doka
An yanke wa mutane 16 hukuncin kisa a shekara ta 2011, wanda bisa ga dukkan alamu ya yi hannun riga da furucin da shugaba Condé ya yi na cewa Guinea ce ta kawar da kai.
Anat Gov
Ra'ayin Siyasa
Gov ta kasance sananne saboda ra'ayoyinta na hagu da kuma goyon bayanta ga Zionism.Ta zama mai magana a cikin ra'ayoyinta na siyasa bayan kashe Yitzhak Rabin.Babban sharhin da ta yi shi ne lokacin da ta bayyana cewa yakin kwanaki shida bai kare da gaske ba.
Haƙƙin ɗan Adam a ƙasar Guinea
'Yan tsiraru da 'yancin mata
Ko da yake an kama mutane 50 da laifin fyade a shekarar 2011, ba a gurfanar da su a gaban kotu ba. Wani bincike na shekarar 2003 ya nuna cewa fiye da kashi 20 cikin 100 na mata a asibitin gida suna can don cin zarafin jima'i. An bayyana cewa lamarin bai canza ba, kuma fiye da rabin wadanda aka yiwa fyaden ‘yan mata ne tsakanin shekaru 11 zuwa 15. Yawan fyade yana faruwa a makaranta.
Kungiyar kare hakkin bil'adama ta Human Rights Watch ta yi ikirarin cewa dubban 'yan mata da ke aiki a matsayin masu gadin gida ne masu aikinsu ke yi musu fyade. Jami'an tsaro sun yi wa mata da dama fyade a fili a lokacin rikicin siyasa na shekarar 2007 da shekarar 2009. Duk da cewa ba bisa ka'ida ba, kaciyar mata yana da yawa a duk kabilu: Binciken Alkaluman Jama'a da Lafiya na 2005 ya nuna cewa kashi 96 na mata sun yi aikin tiyata. Babu wani tuhumar da ake yi wa ma'aikatansa.
Kasar ba ta da wata doka da ta haramta nuna wariya ga nakasassu.
Guinea tana da kabilanci daban-daban, kuma mutane suna da alaƙa da ƙabilarsu sosai. Kalaman kabilanci yayin yakin neman zabe ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar akalla mutane biyu a shekarar ta 2011.
Duk da cewa luwadi haramun ne, babu wanda aka tuhume shi a kalla shekaru goma. Ana ɗaukar dangantakar jima'i iri ɗaya a matsayin haramtacciyar haramtacciyar hanya, kuma Firayim Minista ya bayyana a cikin shekarar 2010 cewa baya ɗaukar yanayin jima'i a matsayin halastaccen 'yancin ɗan adam.
Kafofin watsa labarai da sa ido
Kundin tsarin mulki ya tabbatar da ‘yancin yada labarai. Sai dai rahotanni na cewa jami’an tsaro na cin zarafin ‘yan jarida da ke sukar gwannatin kasar.
'Yancin addini
Gabaɗaya ana mutunta haƙƙoƙin addini, kodayake ana ikirari ana nuna wa waɗanda ba musulmi ba ne wariya wajen rabon aikin gwamnati. Akwai takurawa adding musulmi 'yancin shiga wasu addinai.
Yarjejeniyoyi na duniya
Matsayin Guinea game da yarjejeniyar kare hakkin bil'adama ta kasa da kasa sune kamar haka:
Anat Gov
Rayuwa ta sirri
Gov ya auri mawaki Gidi Gov daga shekarar 1977 har zuwa rasuwarta a shekarar 2012;sun haifi ‘ya’ya uku,kuma a lokacin rasuwarta,jikoki biyu ne. Sun zauna a Ramat HaSharon.
Ta yi magana game da cutar kansa ta kansa,kuma ta bayyana fatanta cewa al'umma da kafofin watsa labaru su yi magana a fili ba tare da tsoro ba game da cutar kansa, da mutuwa gaba ɗaya.
Mutuwa da gado
Gov ta mutu a Tel Aviv bayan fama da doguwar fama da ciwon sankara a ranar 9 ga Disamba,12,kwanaki hudu kafin cikarta shekaru 59. Labarin mutuwarta a Haaretz ya kwatanta shirye-shiryenta na mintuna don mutuwarta da jana'izarta da na jarumar a cikin wasanta Happy End.
An binne ta ne a makabartar Menucha Nechona da ke Kfar Saba,tare da wakar satirical ta Monty Python ta " Ku Kalli Hasken Rayuwa". Fiye da makoki 1,000 ne suka halarci jana'izar ta,ciki har da Tzipi Livni,Shelly Yachimovich,da Mickey Rosenthal. A wajen jana'izar,mijinta ya kuma ba da labarin ta'aziyya daga shugaban kasar Shimon Peres ta wasika da kuma daga Firayim Minista Benjamin Netanyahu ta wayar tarho.
Tianjin
Tianjin (lafazi : /ciencin/) birni ce, da ke a ƙasar Sin. Tianjin tana da yawan jama'a 15,469,500, bisa ga jimillar shekara ta 2015. An gina birnin Tianjin a karni na huɗu kafin haifuwan annabi Issa.
Sandra Arana
Sana'ar fim
A cikin shekarar dubu biyu da daya 2001 ta shahara sosai daga jerin Efraín Aguilar , inda ta taka Giannina Olazo.
A 2004 ta yi fim ɗin ta na farko tare da  Ta kuma shiga cikin telenovelas Eva del Edén da Ángel Rebelde daga kamfanin samarwa
A cikin shekara ta 2006 ta bayyana a cikin surori daban -daban guda bakwai don Telemundo jerin Yanke shawara. A wannan shekarar ta taka rawa a cikin  A dubu biyu da bakwai 2007 ta koma Peru don yin wasa a cikin miniseries Baila reggaetón, sannan a matsayin mai adawa da Sabrosas. A shekara mai zuwa ta shiga El Rostro de Analía akan Telemundo.
A cikin shekarar dubu biyu da sha daya 2011 ta yi wasan kwaikwayo a  akan América Televisión. A watan Yunin dubu biyu da sha daya 2011 ta fara aiki a matsayin mai ba da rahoto don wasan kwaikwayo na gaskiya Combate, wanda ta ci tare da ƙungiyar kore.
Didi Akinyelure
Didi Akinyelure fitacciyar yar jaridar Najeriya ce mazauniyar Birtaniya. Ta yi karatun digirinta ne daga Jami'ar Nottingham. A watan Yuli na shekarar 2016, ta ci lambar yabo ta gwarzon yar wasa labarai ta BBC World News Komla Dumor Award. A shekarar 2018, Didi ta karbi lambar yabo ta Jami’ar Nottingham Special Excellence Alumni Laureate Award. Didi shi ne fuskar bikin baje kolin finafinan Afirka na CNBC wanda akeyin bude safiyar safiyar yau, Yammacin Afirka.
Bayan Fage, karatu da aiki
Didi Akinyelure babban marubuciya ce yar Burtaniya / Najeriya. A shekarar 2016, ta sami babbar lambar yabo ta BBC World News Komla Dumor Award. A watan Disamba 2018, Didi ta kuma karbi lambar yabo ta Jami’ar Nottingham Special Excellence Alumni Laureate Award.
Didi gogaggiyar yar jarida ce macimmiyar aikin watsa labarai tare da ƙwarewa mai zurfi a aiki a cikin talabijin, rediyo, rubutu da dijital don BBC, CNBC da Kamfanin Dillancin Labarai na Reuters.
Ta gabatar da jerin shirye-shiryen CNBC Turai akan canjin dijital mai taken 'IOT: ingarfafa Tattalin Arziki na dijital' da jerin sabis na BBC na Duniya akan canjin yanayi 'Rayuwa a Gaba.
Ta gabatar, samar da kuma shirya talabijin, rediyo da abun cikin dijital don Labaran BBC a 10, BBC World News, BBC World Service, BBC Focus on Africa, BBC Business Daily, BBC Newsday, da BBC Radio 4.
An gabatar da ita a cikin mujallar Forbes Africa kuma tana cikin jerin manyan 'yan jaridun kasuwanci da suka fi fice a duniya.
Ita 'yar Kasuwa ce ta Ma'aikatar Media, wacce ta kirkira kuma ta samar da kayan aikin ta na talabijin, wacce ake wa lakabi da A Place in Africa, wasan kwaikwayon talabijin na al'adun Pan-Afirka. Akinyelure ya kuma ƙaddamar da REAP, ƙungiyar samar da kafofin watsa labarai, kamfanin sarrafawa da dabarun sadarwa.
Didi ta gina kyakkyawar aiki a matsayin Mai sassauci aukuwa da Mai Magana. A watan Mayun shekarar 2019, ta jagoranci wata babbar tattaunawa da manyan baki a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Geneva. Masu gabatar da kara sun hada da Dame Wendy Hall, Nobel Laureate, Prof. Carlo Rubbia da Prof. Jurgen Schmidhuber. A cikin 2018 ta jagoranci wata tattaunawa ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya tare da Sir Roger Penrose da Nobel Laureate Jacques Dubochet.
Ta kuma yi jagoranci a wani taron shugabannin Afirka, kuma ta karbi bakuncin lambobin gudanarwa na Afirka da kuma abincin dare. Ta jagoranci kwamitin kasuwanci a London Babban Taron Kasuwancin Kasuwanci na London, da kuma nunin Makamashin Makamashi na Makomar Makomar Afirka a nan gaba a Cape Town, Afirka ta Kudu.
Ta shugabantar Mitin Gidajen Afirka a Munich, Jamus, ta goyi bayan kwamitin ministocin a Matar Afirka ta Makon da ke Cape Town, da kwamitin a Babban Taron Ranar Mata ta Duniya, WimBiz, da Kungiyar Taron Mata da Kasuwanci na Afirka.
Kafin wannan, ta gabatar da Muhawara ta BBC a kan Labaran Fake a Malawi da kuma Kungiyar Mata ta BBC a Digital Journalism panel a Social Media Week a Legas.
Ta kuma dauki bakuncin Babban taron Jami’ar Nottingham Afirka, Nunin Makamashi na Makomar Makomar Makomar, Babban Taron Kasuwancin Yankin Yammacin Afirka, ‘Legas a Babban Taro na 50’ da Babban taron tattalin arziki na Legas.
Didi ta tattauna da fitattun 'yan siyasa da shugabannin kasuwannin duniya.
Kafin ta fara aikin jarida, Akinyelure tayi aiki a Barclays Wealth a London.
Chad a Olympics
Chadi a Gasar Olympics tarihi ne wanda ya hada da wasanni 11 a cikin kasashe 10 da 'yan wasa 20+. Tun daga shekara ta 1964, 'yan wasan Chadi sun kasance wani ɓangare na " Motsawar Olympic ".
Mutanen Afemai
Afemai, kuma rattaba kalma Afenmai, ne wata ƙabila da suke zaune a arewacin jihar Edo kudancin Najeriya.
Mutanen Afemai sun mamaye ƙananan hukumomi shida na jihar Edo: Etsako West, mai hedkwata a Auchi, Etsako ta Tsakiya, Etsako ta gabas, Owan East, Owan West da Akoko Edo. Waɗannan sune Yankin Sanatan Edo-Arewa.
Chad a Olympics
Tarihi
An kafa kwamitin Olympics na kasa na Chadi a shekara ta 1963. Comité Olympique et Sportif Tchadien. aka gane ta kasa da kasa kwamitin wasannin Olympics (IOC) a shekara ta 1964.
Mutanen Afemai
Suna
Afemai ana kuma kiransa da Afenmai, Etsako, Etsakor, Iyekhee, ko Yekhee. A cikin Benin, ana kiran su da mutanen Ivbiosakon.
Chad a Olympics
Tarihi
Wata tawaga daga Chadi ta kasance a duk wasannin Olympics na bazara da aka gudanar tsakanin shekara ta1964 da kuma shekara ta 1972 da kuma daga shekara ta 1984 zuwa shekara ta 2008.
Mutanen Afemai
Suna
A baya sunan da mulkin mallaka na Biritaniya ya yi amfani da shi shi ne Kukuruku, wanda ake tsammani bayan yaƙin yaƙi "ku-ku-ruku", yanzu ana ɗaukar sa a matsayin wulaƙanci.
Chad a Olympics
Tarihi
Chadi ba ta aika da wata tawaga ba a duk wasannin Olympics na hunturu.
Mutanen Afemai
Harshe
Afemai yana da yarukan yare da yawa da aka rubuta:
Tarihi
Afemai aka sanya da dama da mulkoki da iyalan (manyan kauyuka / alƙaryu mulki bisa ga al'ada ta wurin wadanada ) da kuma da yawa daga cikinsu suna neman su yi da su baka tarihin juyi na asalin Afemai kazalika ta fara batu a tarihi. Tarihin tarihi ya yi ikirarin cewa sun yi kaura daga Benin, a lokacin mulkin zalunci na Oba Ewuare, babban fitaccen jarumi kuma fitaccen sarki a tarihin Daular Benin. "Lakabin Ewuare (Oworuare), ma'ana" komai yana da kyau "ko kuma matsalar ta daina kuma sakamakon haka, yakin ya kare. The title alama ce ta wani epoch sulhu, maimaitawa, da kuma dawowar zaman lafiya a tsakanin takaddama ƙungiyõyin a Benin tsakanin shekarar 1435 da 1440 AD.
Ogedengbe * Cif Prudence
Abubuwan sha'awa
Yawancin mutane suna aiki tuƙuru, suna zuwa makaranta kuma suna tafiya.
Gwamnati
Afemais ba su da masarautar gargajiya ta tsakiya, amma wasu daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin gargajiya da masu mulki a kasar ta Afemai sune Okumagbe na Weppa Wanno ( Agenebode ), Ogieneni na Uzairue ( Jattu ), Aidonogie na kudu Ibie, Otaru na Auchi, Oba na Agbede, Otaru na Igarra, Ukor na Ihievbe, Oliola na Anegbette, Okumagbe na dangin Iuleha, Okuopellagbe na Okpella da dai sauransu. Afemai sun samar da manyan mutane da yawa a matakan ƙasa da ƙasa.
Abubuwan jan hankali na yawon bude ido, wadanda suka hada da fadin Afemai, sun hada da Lake Lake a cikin Agenebode (dangin Weppa Wanno) Etsakor East, tsaunukan Ososo (wadanda aka nuna a wani binciken Gulder Ultimate), shahararrun tsaunukan Kukuruku da tsaunukan Somorika a Akoko Edo. Tudun Somorika sun hada da tsawan tsaunukan tsaunuka waɗanda manyan duwatsu suka ɗorawa a haɗe akan taron tsaunuka kuma tare da alamun rashin wadatar wurare a ɓangarorin.
Wasu daga cikin muhimman garuruwa / dangi a ƙasar Afemai sune Agenebode (Weppa-Wanno), Weppa, Oshiolo, Emokwemhe Iviagbapue, Auchi, Ihievbe, Afuze, Anegbette, Warrake, Iviukwe, South Ibie, Agbede, Sabongida Ora, Igarra, Ekperi, Jattu, Fugar, Aviele, Okpella, Uneme Ehrunrun, Uneme Osu, Iviukhua, Ososo, Uzanu, Uzebba, Iviukhua, Weppa, Okpella, Okpekpe, Somorika da dai sauransu
A halin yanzu an tsara dangogi masu cin gashin kansu, garuruwa, kauyuka da masarautu a cikin ƙasar Afemai kamar yadda yake ƙarƙashin ƙananan hukumomi shida na yanzu:
Awun shine mahaifin Unone Arua Ogbona Iriakhor kuma Awun yayi ƙaura daga Masarautar Benin suka zauna a Fugar ta yanzu. Babu ɗaya da Arua sune Fugar ta yanzu.
Asalin Aviawun
An ce Awun ya yi ƙaura daga Masarautar Benin a lokacin ƙarni na 15 kuma ya bar Masarautar Benin saboda ƙarfen da Oba na Benin ke yi wa talakawansa. Ya fara zama a Jettu kuma mazaunan Jettu ba su maraba da shi ba, don haka ya yi ƙaura zuwa gabas ya zauna a Fugar ta yanzu. An ce lokacin da ya isa Fugar, bai ga wasu manyan bishiyoyi ba kuma bishiyar da ya gani kawai da za ta iya inuwa shi da danginsa ba su isa ba. Wannan itace takamaimai har yanzu tana nan. Sunan bishiyar Agbabo. Itace ta gargajiya kuma babu wani zuriya Awun da ya isa ya yanke shi. Hakanan ana ɗaukarsa yawon shakatawa
Addini
Mutanen Etsako asalinsu masu bin Addinin Gargajiya ne na Afirka. Koyaya, tare da bayyanar Kiristanci da Islama, da yawa sun tuba zuwa waɗancan addinan. Mutanen Etsako yawancinsu Krista ne a yau, watakila saboda yawan zuwan mishanan farko a Waterside a Agenebode. Koyaya, ana iya samun Musulmai masu yawa a kusa da Auchi, Agbede kuma wataƙila, hanyar Okpella.
Jinan
Jinan (lafazi : /tsinan/) birni ce, da ke a ƙasar Sin. Jinan tana da yawan jama'a 7,067,900, bisa ga jimillar 2014. An gina birnin Jinan kafin karni na huɗu kafin haifuwan annabi Issa.
Jami'ar Washington ta magunguna
Makarantar Medicine ta Jami'ar Washington ( WUSM ) makarantar koyon aikin likitanci ce ta Washington, wadda ke St. Louis, Missouri. An kafa ta a cikin shekara ta 1891, Makarantar Magunguna tana da ɗalibai 1,260, 604 daga cikinsu suna neman digiri na likita ba tare da haɗin Doctor na Falsafa ko wani digiri na gaba ba. Hakanan tana ba da digirin digirgir a cikin binciken nazarin halittu ta hanyar Sashin Biology da Kimiyyar Halittu. Makarantar ta haɓaka babban ilimin motsa jiki (ɗalibai 273) da shirye-shiryen aikin yi (ɗalibai 233), da kuma shirin a ilimin kimiyyar jiji da sadarwa (ɗalibai 100) wanda ya haɗa da Doctor of Audiology (Au.D.) da kuma Jagora na Kimiyya a Ilimin Kurame (MSDE). Akwai malamai 1,772, mazauna 1,022, da abokan 765.
Ana ba da sabis na asibiti daga likitocin Jami'ar Washington, cikakkiyar aikin likita da tiyata wanda ke ba da magani a cikin ƙwararrun likita na 75. Likitocin Jami'ar Washington su ne ma'aikatan kula da asibitocin koyarwa guda biyu - Barnes-Jewish Hospital da St. Louis Children's Hospital. Sun kuma samar da inpatient da outpatient kulawa a St. Louis Gogaggen dan ta Administration Hospital, asibitoci a BJC kiwon lafiya tsarin da kuma 35 sauran ofishin wurare a ko'ina cikin mafi girma a St Louis yankin.
Labaran Amurka da Rahoton Duniya sun ba da babbar kwaleji; makarantar a halin yanzu tana matsayi na 6 don bincike  kuma an zabe ta zuwa ta 2 a 2003 da 2004,  An lissafa ta cikin manyan makarantun likitanci goma tun da aka fara buga martaba a cikin 1987. Makarantar ita ce ta farko a cikin ƙasa a zaɓin ɗalibai. Ya zuwa na 2019, yana karɓar na uku mafi yawan kuɗi a tsakanin duk makarantun likitanci a Amurka daga Cibiyar Kiwan Lafiya ta ƙasa, wanda ya kai kimanin dala miliyan 218. A duk duniya, ana ɗaukar makaranta azaman 20th da 35th mafi kyawun shirin likita a cikin 2020 ta Matsayi mafi Girma na Jami'ar Jami'ar Duniya don magani da Matsayin Jami'ar QS ta Duniya don magani, bi da bi.
Tsangaya
An ba da lambar yabo 18 ta Nobel tare da Makarantar Magani. mambobi 12 ne na National Academy of Sciences ; 30 na cikin Cibiyar Magunguna. Membobi masu koyarwa 92 suna riƙe da lambar yabo ta ci gaban mutum daga Cibiyar Kiwan Lafiya ta Kasa (NIH). Membobi masu koyarwa 59 suna riƙe da kyaututtukan haɓaka aiki daga hukumomin da ba na tarayya ba. Membobin ƙungiyar 14 suna da matsayin MERIT, fitarwa ta musamman da Cibiyar Kiwan Lafiya ta givenasa ta bayar wanda ke ba da dogon lokaci, ba da taima kon kuɗi ga masu bincike. 6 mambobi ne masu binciken Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
Tarihi
An fara karatun ajin likita a Jami'ar Washington a 1891 bayan Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiya ta St. Louis ta yanke shawarar alaƙa da Jami'ar, ta kafa Sashin Kiwon Lafiya. Robert S. Brookings, wanda ya kasance mai ba da taimako ga Jami'a tun daga farkonta, ya ba da yawancin aikinsa da taimakon jama'a ga Jami'ar Washington kuma ya inganta Cibiyoyin Kiwon Lafiya na ɗaya daga cikin manyan manufofinsa. Wannan musamman ya zama dalilin damuwa bayan rahoton farko na 1900s Carnegie Foundation ya yi ba'a ga ƙungiya da ƙimar Sashen Kula da Lafiya.
Bayan ci gaba a cikin ilimin likitanci a duk faɗin ƙasar, bincike da ƙirƙirar sabon ilimin ya zama haƙiƙar da aka bayyana a cikin kundin kundin kwas na 1906 na sashen kiwon lafiya. Don Brookings da Jami'ar, haɗawa da Ma'aikatar Kula da Lafiya a cikin wata Makarantar Magunguna ta daban ya zama mataki na gaba mai ma'ana. Wannan aikin ya fara ne a cikin 1914 lokacin da aka dawo da kayan aiki zuwa inda suke a yanzu a cikin unguwar St. Louis ta Central West End a cikin 1914, kuma an kammala shi a cikin 1918 tare da sunan hukuma na Makarantar Medicine. Mace ta farko memba a jami'ar kamar ta kasance masaniyar kimiyyar kimiyyar halittu da ilimin kimiyyar lissafi Ethel Ronzoni Bishop, wacce ta zama mataimakiyar farfesa a shekarar 1923.
Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta fara haɓaka daga sanannun yanki a cikin 1940s, shekaru goma lokacin da aka ba da Lambobin Nobel biyu, a cikin 1944 da 1947, zuwa ƙungiyoyin mambobin ƙungiyar. A cikin 1950, an kammala ginin Cibiyar Nazarin Cutar Cancer, kasancewar shine babban sabon gini na farko da aka kara zuwa Makarantar Magunguna tun bayan sake matsuguni a cikin 1914. Addedarin gine-gine an ƙara su a cikin waɗannan shekarun, kuma a cikin 1960s Makarantar Magunguna ta mai da hankali kan rarraba ɗalibanta ta hanyar kammala ɗalibanta Ba'amurke na farko da kuma ƙaruwa ɗaliban ɗaliban da suka kammala karatunsu mata kusan 50%.
A watan Maris na 2020, Makarantar Magunguna ta Jami'ar Washington ta ba da sanarwar gina sabon dala miliyan 616, labari 11, 609,000-square-foot neuroscience research wanda zai zauna a gefen gabas na Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya a cikin Cortex Innovation Community. Ginin ginin an tsayar da shi a 2023.
Harabar Jami'a
Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jami'ar Washington ta ƙunshi eka 164 (0.5 km²) ya bazu kimanin birni guda 17, wanda yake gefen gefen gabashin Park Park a tsakanin yankin Central West End na St. Asibitin Barnes-Jewish da Asibitin yara na St. Louis, wani ɓangare na BJC HealthCare, asibitocin koyarwa waɗanda ke da alaƙa da Makarantar Medicine, suma suna cikin rukunin likitancin. Yawancin gine-ginen an haɗa su ta hanyar jerin gadoji na sama da farfajiyoyi. Kamar yadda na 2008, Makarantar Magunguna ta mallaki 4500000 sqft  a cikin dukkanin rukunin likitancin.
A cikin fadada kungiyar kwararrun Likitoci suna da yawa musamman manyan gine-gine. Kwanan nan aka kammala shine 700000 sqft  Cibiyoyin Kiwon Lafiya na BJC, wanda Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jami'ar Washington za ta mamaye benaye da yawa. Shine gini mafi girma da aka gina akan harabar Jami'ar Washington. An kira shi Cibiyar BJC na Kiwon Lafiya a Jami'ar Washington, za ta gina Cibiyar Nazarin BioMed 21 ta Bincike, cibiyoyin bincike daban-daban guda biyar, dakunan gwaje-gwaje, da ƙarin sarari don Cibiyar Genome.
Manyan gine-ginen, cibiyoyi, da sarari a harabar asibitin sun hada da Barnes-Jewish Hospital, da Cibiyar Cibiyar Kurame, St. da Cibiyar Raɗaɗɗu, da kuma Eric P. Newman Cibiyar Ilimi.
Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya tana samun dama ta tashar Central West End MetroLink, wanda ke ba da jigilar kaya zuwa sauran cibiyoyin karatun Jami'ar Washington.
Wadanda suk lashe kyautar Nobel
Physiology or Medicine
Mompati Thuma
Mompati Thuma (an haife shi a ranar 5 ga watan Afrilu 1981) ɗan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Botswana. A halin yanzu yana taka leda a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Botswana Defence Force XI a gasar Premier ta Botswana.
Sana'a
Ya buga wa Botswana wasanni 84 tun da ya fara buga wasa a shekara ta 2004, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama dan wasan da ya fi taka leda a kasar.
Rayuwa ta sirri
Mompati Thuma dan gida ne mai mutane uku kuma ɗa tilo daga danginsa. yayi aiki a matsayin jami'in gwamnati da soja.Ya kasance yana buga wasan karate a matsayin wasan da ya fi so, wanda ya ke makarantar firamare.
Inyamurai
Inyamurai Turanci: / i b oʊ / EE -boh,   kuma US : / ɪ ɡ b oʊ /. Kuma tattaɓa kalma Ibo da kuma da har ila yau Iboe, Ebo, Eboe, Eboans,  Heebo ;  ƙasa Ṇ́dị́ Ìgbò [ìɡ͡bò] (  ne a meta-ƙabilanci da 'yan qasar zuwa ba-rana kudu-tsakiya da kuma kudu maso gabashin Najeriya. Ana samun yawancin kabilun Ibo a Kamaru, Gabon, da Equatorial Guinea,   har ma da wajen Afirka. An yi ta ce-ce-ku-ce sosai game da asalin kabilar Ibo, kasancewar ba a san takamaiman yadda ƙungiyar ta fara ba.  A yanayin kasa, ƙasar Igbo ta kasu zuwa ɓangarori biyu da ba daidai ba a gefen Kogin Neja - gabas (wacce ta fi girma daga su biyun) da kuma ɓangaren yamma.  Kabilar Ibo na daga cikin manyan ƙabilun Afirka.
Harshen Igbo wani ɓangare ne na dangin harsunan Nijar-Congo. Ya kasu kashi zuwa yaruka da yawa na yanki kuma ana iya fahimtar juna tare da babbar ƙungiyar "Igboid". Ƙasar Ibo ta ratsa ƙananan Kogin Neja, gabas da kudu na ƙungiyoyin Edoid da Idomoid, da yamma na ƙungiyar Ibibioid (Cross River).
Carmen Morla Lynch
Carmen Morla Lynch (1887–1983 ), wanda kuma aka sani da Carmen Morla de Maira, marubucin mata ne na ƙasar Chile. 'Yar Luisa Lynch da,  ta rubuta mujallu da 'yar uwarta Ximena ta kwatanta,   wanda ita ma ta yi sihiri, duka a matsayin matsafa. Dan uwanta ya kasance jami'in diflomasiyya, marubuci, kuma ɗan jarida. Ita ce babban goggon marubuci Elizabeth Subercaseaux.
Inyamurai
Kafin zamanin Turawan mulkin mallaka na Biritaniya a karni na 20, ƙabilar Ibo kungiyar siyasa ce da ta wargaje, tare da wasu manyan sarakuna kamar Nri, Aro Confederacy, Agbor da Onitsha. Frederick Lugard ya gabatar da tsarin Eze na "shugabanni masu bada umarni". Ba tare da yakin Fulani ba da yaɗuwar addinin Musulunci a Najeriya a cikin karni na 19, suka zama Krista da yawa a karkashin mulkin mallaka. Dangane da mamayar mulkin mallaka, Ibo sun sami karfi na nuna bambancin kabila. A lokacin yakin basasar Najeriya na shekarar 1967-1970, yankunan Ibo suka balle a matsayin Jamhuriyar Biafra wacce ba ta daɗe ba. Kungiyar 'Movement for Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra', ƙungiyar 'yan ɗarikar da aka kafa a shekarar 1999, na ci gaba da gwagwarmaya ba tashin hankali don neman kasar Igbo mai cin gashin kanta.
Carmen Morla Lynch
An san wani ɓangare na fitowar ta adabi cewa ba a buga ko warwatse a cikin jaridu da mujallu - kamar yadda lamarin yake ga sauran marubutan mata na zamanin kamar mahaifiyarta da 'yar uwarta, María Luisa Fernández, da Sara Hübner de Fresno. Wasu daga cikin ayyukan da ba a buga ba sun bayyana a cikin littafin dubu biyu da daya 2001 La belle époque chilena: alta sociedad y mujeres de élite en el cambio de siglo ta masanin tarihi  Ana ganin gudummawar da ta bayar na adabi wani bangare ne na farkon karni na ashirin 20 avant-garde wanda ya nemi yalwata tunanin mata da gwagwarmayar neman yancin mata.
Inyamurai
Ma'ana da karamin rukuni
"Igbo" a matsayin asalin kabilanci ya bunƙasa kwatankwacin kwanan nan, a cikin tsarin mulkin mallaka da kuma Yaƙin basasar Najeriya. Al’ummomin da ke magana da harshen Ibo daban-daban sun kasu kashi biyu bisa tarihi kuma an rarraba su; a ra'ayin marubucin littattafan nan na Chinua Achebe, ya kuma kamata a sanya asalin Ibo a wani wuri tsakanin "kabila" da "ƙasa". Tun lokacin da aka kayar da Jamhuriyyar Biafra a shekarar 1970, wani lokacin ana yiwa ƙabilar Igbo kallon " kasa mara kasa ".
Tarihi
Harsunan Igboid suna da tarin a cikin Volta – Niger phylum, mai yuwuwa an hada su da Yoruboid da Edoid. Babban bambanci tsakanin kungiyar Igboid shine tsakanin Ekpeye da sauran. Williamson (2002) yayi iƙirarin cewa bisa ga wannan tsarin, ƙaura zuwa Igbo-ƙaura zai sauko da Nijer daga wani yankin arewa mai nisa a cikin savannah kuma ya fara zama kusa da yankin Delta, tare da cibiyar sakandare ta Igbo mafi dacewa zuwa arewa, a yankin Awka. Nazarin kwayar halitta ya nuna Igbo su kasance cikin kusanci da sauran mutanen da ke magana da yaren Nijar-Congo. Babban haplogroup na Y-chromosmoal shine E1b1a1-M2.
An samo tukwane tun daga kusan 3,000-2,500 BC wanda ke nuna kamanceceniya da aikin Igbo daga baya aka samo shi a yankin Nsukka da Afikpo na Igboland a shekarun 1970s,  tare da tukwane da kayan aiki a Ibagwa da ke kusa; al'adun dangin Umueri suna da asalin kwarin Anambara. A cikin shekarun 1970s bangarorin Owerri, Okigwe, Orlu, Awgu, Udi da Awka sun ƙudurta zama "Igboasar Ibo" daga shaidar harshe da al'adu. A yankin Nsukka na ƙassr Igbo, an tono shaidar narkewar baƙin ƙarfe da wuri, wanda ya fara zuwa shekara ta 750 kafin haihuwar Yesu a wurin Opi da 2,000 BC a wurin Lejja.
Carmen Morla Lynch
Taron sihirin da ta yi tare da 'yar uwarta Ximena a farkon karni na ashirin 20 sun yi wahayi zuwa wasan kwaikwayo da litattafai.
Roland Fomundam
Roland Fomundam ɗan kasuwa ɗan ƙasar Kamaru ne wanda ya shahara da Greenhouse Ventures, haɓakar noman ƙwayoyin cuta tare da sabbin fasahohi don samar da mafita mai ɗorewa ga fannin noma na Afirka. A shekarar 2007 ya kafa Youth Action Africa, wani dandali wanda ke inganta ci gaban fasaha. A shekarar 2016, an zaɓe shi a cikin mutane 50 mafi Tasirin Matasan Kamaru ta Advance Media CELBMD Africa da abokan haɗin gwiwa a fannin kasuwanci. A shekarar 2017 an sake zaɓe shi a cikin nau'i ɗaya ta Advance Media CELBMD.
Inyamurai
Masarautar Nri
Mutanen Nri na ƙasar Ibo suna da tatsuniyoyin ƙirƙira halitta wanda ɗayan ɗayan tatsuniyoyin kirkirar halittu ne da ake samu a sassa daban-daban na ƙasar Igbo. Mutanen Nri da Aguleri suna cikin yankin ƙabilar Umueri waɗanda suka gano asalinsu daga asalin sarki mai martaba Eri. Asalin Eri bashi da tabbas, kodayake an bayyana shi da "sama" wanda Chukwu (Allah) ya aiko. Ya kasance mutum ne wanda ya fara ba da umarnin jama'a ga mutanen Anambra. Masanin tarihi Elizabeth Allo Isichei ya ce "Nri da Aguleri kuma wasu daga cikin dangin Umueri, [ƙungiya ce] ta ƙungiyoyin ƙauyukan Ibo waɗanda suka samo asalinsu zuwa sama da ake kira Eri."
Roland Fomundam
Ƙuruciya
Fomundam ɗan asalin yankin Ku Momo ne na Arewa maso yamma (Kamaru). Ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Arewa maso Gabashin kasar Amurka.
Sana'a
Fomundam shine wanda ya kafa kuma Shugaba na Greenhouse Ventures Ltd. Ya fara sana'ar sa a shekara ta 2007. Ya kaddamar da kamfanoni guda uku a wani yunkuri na bunkasa fannin noma a Afirka domin samun riba mai yawa. Gudunmawar da ya bayar wajen habaka fannin noma a Afirka ya sa aka zabe shi a karo na biyu a shekarun 2016 da 2017 da Advance Media CELBMD Africa da abokan hulda a fannin kasuwanci.
Inyamurai
Masarautar Nri
Shaidun archaeological sun nuna cewa tasirin Nri a cikin Igboland na iya komawa har zuwa ƙarni na 9, kuma an binne kabarin masarauta akalla zuwa ƙarni na 10. Eri, mai kama da allahn wanda ya kafa Nri, an yi imanin cewa ya daidaita yankin a kusan 948 tare da wasu al'adun Ibo masu alaƙa da shi bayan ƙarni na 13. Eze Nri na farko (Sarkin Nri) Ìfikuánim ya bi shi kai tsaye. Bisa ga al'adar gargajiya ta Ibo, mulkinsa ya fara ne a shekarar 1043. Aƙalla wani masanin tarihi ya sanya mulkin Ìfikuánim daga baya, kusan 1225 AD. Kowane sarki yana gano asalinsa ne tun daga kakannin da suka kafa, Eri. Kowane sarki al'ada ce ta Eri. Tsarin farawa na sabon sarki ya nuna cewa tsarin al'ada na zama Ezenri (Nri firist-king) yana bin hanyar da jarumi ya bi a cikin kafa masarautar Nri.
Masarautar Nri ta kasance mai bin addini da addini, wani nau'in tsarin mulki, wanda ya bunkasa a tsakiyar yankin yankin Ibo. Nri yana da nau'ikan taboo guda bakwai waɗanda suka haɗa da mutum (kamar haihuwar tagwaye ), dabba (kamar kisan ko cin abincin alloli), abu, na ɗan lokaci, na ɗabi'a, magana da wurin taboos. Anyi amfani da dokoki game da waɗannan abubuwan koyarwar don ilimantar da kuma sarrafa batutuwan Nri. Wannan yana nufin cewa, yayin da wasu Igbo zasu iya zama a karkashin mulki daban daban, duk masu bin addinin Ibo dole suyi biyayya ga dokokin imani kuma suyi biyayya ga wakilin ta a duniya, Eze Nri.
Al'adun gargajiya
Ƙungiyar siyasa ta gargajiya ta Ibo ta ginu ne bisa tsarin jamhuriya irin ta dimokiradiyya. A cikin al'ummomin da ke da haɗin kai, wannan tsarin ya ba da tabbaci ga 'yan ƙasa daidaito, sabanin tsarin fandarewa tare da sarki mai sarauta kan batutuwa. Wannan tsarin mulkin ya sami halarta daga Turawan Fotigal wadanda suka fara zuwa suka hadu da mutanen Ibo a karni na 15. Ban da wasu sanannun garuruwan Ibo kamar Onitsha, wanda ke da sarakuna da ake kira Obi da wurare kamar Masarautar Nri da Arochukwu, waɗanda ke da sarakuna firistoci; Ƙungiyoyin Ibo da gwamnatocin yanki sun sami rinjaye ta hanyar majalisar tuntuba ta jamhuriya ta talakawa. Usuallyungiyoyin galibi galibi majalisar dattawa ce ke iko da su. Kodayake ana girmama masu riƙe da muƙami saboda nasarorinsu da iyawarsu, ba a girmama su a matsayin sarakuna amma galibi suna yin ayyuka na musamman da irin waɗannan majalisun suka ba su. Wannan hanyar mulkin ta bambanta da yawancin al'ummomin Yammacin Afirka kuma Ewe ne kawai na Ghana ke raba su. Umunna wani nau'i ne na kakannin uba wanda Igbo suka kula dashi. Doka tana farawa ne da Umunna wacce ita ce layin maza daga asalin kakanni (wanda a wasu lokuta ake kiran layin da sunan) tare da rukunin mahaɗan da ke ƙunshe da dangin da ke kusa da juna wanda babban ɗan dangi ke jagoranta. Ana iya ganin Umunna a matsayin babbar ginshiƙan al'ummar Ibo. Hakanan al'ada ce wacce aka sake gina jinsi kuma aka aiwatar da ita bisa larurar zamantakewa, “inda jinsi da jima'i ba su dace ba. Maimakon haka, jinsi ya kasance mai sassauci kuma mai ruwa, yana ba mata damar zama maza kuma maza su zama mata ”
Lissafi a cikin 'yan asalin Ibo na bayyane a cikin kalandar su, tsarin banki da kuma wasan caca da ake kira Okwe. A cikin kalandar asalinsu, mako guda yana da kwana huɗu, wata yana da makonni bakwai, kuma ana yin watanni 13 a shekara. A cikin watan da ya gabata, an kara ranar. Wannan kalandar har yanzu ana amfani da ita a ƙauyuka da ƙauyuka na ƙabilar Ibo don ƙayyade ranakun kasuwa. Sun sasanta al'amuran doka ta hanyar masu shiga tsakani, kuma tsarin bankin su na lamuni da tanadi, wanda ake kira Isusu, ana amfani dashi har yanzu. Sabuwar shekarar Igbo, farawa da watan Ọ́nwạ́ M̀bụ́ ( Igbo  ) yana faruwa a mako na uku na Fabrairu,  kodayake farkon gargaɗin shekara ga yawancin al'ummomin Ibo yana kusa da lokacin bazara a ́́nwạ́ Áarshi (Yuni). Amfani da matsayin bukukuwan rubutun da sirrin jama'a, da Igbo da wani 'yan asalin bayanin kimiyyar sa na alamomin kira Nsibidi, yana da asali daga makwabciyar Ejagham mutane. Mutanen Ibo sun samar da tagulla tun daga farkon karni na 9, wasu daga cikinsu an same su a garin Igbo Ukwu, Jihar Anambra.
Tsarin bautar mara izini ya kasance tsakanin Ibo kafin da bayan gamuwa da Turawa. Olaudah Equiano ne ya bayyana ayyukan cikin gida a yankunan Igbo a cikin tarihin sa. Ya bayyana yanayin bayi a yankinsa na Essaka kuma ya nuna bambanci tsakanin yadda ake kula da bayi a ƙarƙashin Igbo a Essaka da wadanda ke hannun Turawa a Yammacin Indiya:"... amma yaya yanayinsu ya bambanta da na bayi a Yammacin Indiya! Tare da mu, ba sa yin aiki kamar sauran membobin al'umma, ... har ma da maigidansu; ... (sai dai ba a ba su izinin cin abinci tare da wadancan ... haihuwar ba;) kuma akwai karancin wani bambanci tsakanin su ga cikin waɗannan bayi suna da ... bayi a karkashin su a matsayin dukiyoyin su ... don amfanin su."Kogin Neja ya zama yankin da ake hulɗa tsakanin 'yan kasuwar Afirka da Turai a 1434. Mutanen Fotigal ne suka fara yin hulɗa da mutanen Ibo. A wannan lokacin a cikin tarihi, an fi mai da hankali kan kasuwanci sabanin ginin daula; saboda haka, Turawan Fotigal sun tsunduma cikin fataucin bayin Igbo. Daga nan sai Yaren mutanen Hollan suka shigo cikin hoton, kuma daga karshe Turawan Ingila. Cinikin bayi ya ƙare a shekara ta 1807, don haka turawan suka fara karkata akalar su daga kasuwanci zuwa masana'antu. Musamman Turawan ingila, sun nemi faɗaɗa ikonsu na mulkin mallaka zuwa ƙasar Igbo. Kafin tuntuɓar Bature, hanyoyin cinikin Ibo sun miƙe har zuwa Makka, Madina da Jeddah a nahiyar.
Cinikin bayi na gida da kuma ƙasashen waje
Chambers (2002) yayi ikirarin cewa yawancin bayin da aka karɓo daga Bight of Biafra a fadin hanyar wucewa sun kasance Igbo. Waɗannan bayin galibi kungiyar ta Confederacy ce ke sayar da su ga Turawan, wadanda suka sace ko suka sayi bayi daga kauyukan Igbo da ke yankin na bayan kasa. Mayila bayin Ibo ba su sha wahala daga yaƙe-yaƙen ɓarnatar da bayi ko balaguro ba amma wataƙila bashi ko kuma 'yan kabilar Ibo da suka aikata laifuka a cikin al'ummominsu. Tare da burin neman 'yanci, bautar Igbo mutane da aka sani zuwa Turai planters matsayin kasancewa m da ciwon high kudi na kunar bakin wake a kubuta bauta. Akwai shaidar cewa yan kasuwa sun nemi matan Igbo. An haɗu da matan Ibo tare da maza na Coromantee ( Akan ) don su rinjayi maza saboda imanin cewa matan suna ɗaure ne zuwa asalin 'ya'yansu na fari.
An yi zargin cewa an ba da labarin dillalan bayi na Turai game da kabilun Afirka da yawa, abin da ya haifar da masu bautar da wasu 'yan kabilun da masu gonakin suka fi so. Saboda haka wasu ƙabilun da ake so saboda haka suka zama masu karko sosai a wasu sassa na Amurka. An warwatsa Igbo zuwa yankuna kamar Jamaica, Cuba, Saint-Domingue,  Barbados,  Amurka ta Mulkin Mallaka,  Belize  da Trinidad da Tobago,  da sauransu.
Rosvitha Okou
Bodjiho Rosvitha Okou (an haife ta a ranar 5 ga watan Satumba 1986, Gagnoa, Côte d'Ivoire) 'yar ƙasar Ivory Coast ce. A gasar Olympics ta lokacin zafi ta shekarar 2012, ta fafata a gasar tseren mita 100 na mata ba tare da kai wasan kusa da na karshe ba. Bugu da kari, ta samu lambar azurfa a gasar cin kofin Afirka ta shekarar 2014. Har zuwa shekarar 2012 ta wakilci Faransa.
Mafi kyawun nasarar ta na sirri shine daƙiƙa 13.13 a cikin hurdles mita 100 (+0.1 m/s, La Roche-sur-Yon 2011) da dakika 8.17 a cikin hurdles na mitoci 60 (Mondeville 2014). Dukansu tarihin ƙasa ne na yanzu.
Aupaluk
Aupaluk ( Inuktitut  ) ( Yawan Jama'a a shekarar 2011 : 195) wani ƙauye ne na arewacin Nunavik, a cikin yankin Nord-du-Québec na Quebec. Inungiyar Inuit ce mafi ƙarancin yawan jama'a a cikin Nunavik.
Sunan yana nufin "inda ƙasa ta yi ja", yana nufin ƙasa mai ɗauke da ƙarfe (ferruginous).
Yawan ta yana ƙaruwa: ya kasance 174 a shekara ta 2006, daga 159 a shekara ta 2001.
Aupaluk yana gefen yamma na gabar ruwan Ungava Bay, arewacin Tasiujaq da 80 kilomita kudancin Kangirsuk. Garin nada nisan kimanin 150 km arewa maso yammacin Kuujjuaq.
Ana jigilarsa ta Filin jirgin saman Aupaluk na kusa.
Tun shekara ta 1996, ,an sanda Yankin Kativik (KRPF) ke ba da sabis na 'yan sanda don ƙauyen.
Ilimi
Hukumar Makarantar Kativik tana aiki da Makarantar Tarsakallak. Gininta ya lalace a sanadiyy gobara da akayi a ranar 15 ga watan Maris, shekara ta 2014. Makarantar a lokacin tana da ɗalibai 54.
North East (2016 fim)
North East fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya a Najeriya na 2016 wanda Muyiwa Aluko ya rubuta, tare da shirya shi kuma ya bada umarni. Fim ɗin ya haɗa da Ini Dima-Okojie da OC Ukeje. An sake shi a ranar 23 ga Yuni, 2016 a Najeriya a gidajen sinima na Genesis Deluxe. Domin rawar da ta taka a matsayin "Hadiza" a cikin fim ɗin, Dima-Okojie an zabi shi don mafi kyawun goyon bayan ƴar wasan kwaikwayo a 2017 Nigeria Entertainment Awards.
Labarin ya ta’allaka ne kan alaƙar da ke tsakanin wasu mabambantan al’adu, da kuma ƙalubalen da suka fuskanta wajen samun amincewar iyayensu wajen ganin an kammala daurin auren a tsakanin kabilu da addinai daban-daban a cikin al’ummar Najeriya ta wannan zamani.
Labari
Labarin Fim ɗin yana farawa tare da Hadiza ( Ini Dima-Okojie ) da kuma mahaifinta, Musa Ahmed (Gbenga Titiloye) yin kullum Salah, bisa ga imanin addinin Islama. Musa musulmi ne mai kishin addini, wanda a kai a kai yakan yi yunƙurin koya wa diyarsa cewa, Bahaushe musulmi ne kaɗai zai iya yin miji nagari. Hadiza ta fi sassaucin ra’ayi a ra’ayinta game da aure, kuma tana yawan karanta littafin tarihin rayuwa mai suna “ There was a Country” wanda labari ne kan abubuwan da suka faru a lokacin yakin basasar Najeriya wanda marubucin Igbo, Chinua Achebe ya rubuta. A wani yunkuri na ganin danginsa sun ci gaba da kasancewa cikin kabilanci da addini, Musa ya kuma yi wa Aliyu, dan Arewan Islama damar ƙulla alaƙa da Hadiza, duk da haka ta kan ji babu ilmin sinadarai a lokacin yana kusa da ita.
Emeka Okafor ( OC Ukeje ) Kirista ne daga Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Yana aiki a matsayin likitan physiotherapist a wani asibiti da ba a bayyana sunansa ba. A wata tafiya da Hadiza ta yi zuwa wani wuri, sai ta rasa wani mataki ta faɗo daga ginin. An kwantar da ita a asibiti aka kwantar da ita a asibitin Emeka yana aiki. Duk da barkwancinsa da ya tunkude a shafin farko, daga baya suka fara dangantaka duk da bambancin kabilanci. Daga baya Musa ya bayyana cewa yana soyayya da mahaifiyar Emeka, Ifeoma ( Carol King ) ba tare da sani ba, wadanda dukkansu zawarawa ne bayan sun rasa matansu daga auren farko. An kayyade daren dinner don ma'auratan su hudu su hadu. Da ya ga ƴarsa tana soyayya da dan masoyinsa, Musa ya nuna rashin amincewa da ci gaba da kulla dangantakar, yana mai bayyana cewa hakan ya saba wa akidarsa na addini da na kashin kansa. Haka kuma bai yi nasara ba ya yi yunkurin ba Emeka cin hanci don ya sadaukar da dangantakarsa da shi don ci gaba. Bayan da mutane da yawa suka yanke shawararsa, Emeka da Hadiza sun yi aure tare da albarkar iyalansu.
liyafa
An kunna shirin akan Nollywood Reinvented, wanda ya soki ingancin samarwa da sautinsa. Tare da ƙimar kashi 41%, haɗin gwiwar rukunin yanar gizon ya karanta " Arewa maso gabas hakika soyayya ce kawai ta kunci wanda kawai yayi nasara saboda ingantattun maki da yake farawa da tattaunawa." A kan ReviewNaija, ya sami ƙimar 5/10. An lura da labarin da wasan kwaikwayo a matsayin fice a cikin fim din, duk da haka an ambaci hasashen sa da tsayin daka a matsayin lalacewa a cikin fim din. Fim ɗin Fim ɗin ya ba shi "A+", yana kwatanta shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun fina-finan soyayya na Najeriya tare da kyakkyawan ci gaba da rawar gani daga manyan jaruman.
Kurniawan Arif Maspul
Kurniawan Arif Maspul wani ɗan Indonesia ne Dayak Ngaju Youtuber wanda ya fara aikinsa a matsayin Kwararren mai hada Coffee a Dubai, United Arab Emirates a shekarar 2017 har zuwa 2021, inda ya koma Buraidah Saudi Arabia domin ci gaba da aikinsa. An haife shi a Palangkaraya (18 ga Agusta 1985) ya girma a Indonesia kuma uban yara uku ne.
Karatu
Ya kammala digirinsa na biyu a fannin kasuwanci daga ISMS Mumbai a shekarar 2020; a shekarar 2022, ya kammala Master of Arts in Islamic Studies a International Open University (IOU), Gambia; A wannan shekarar, ya kammala MBA a University of the People.
Ayyuka
Kurniawan Arif Maspul ya kasance mai aikin sa kai mai wakiltar al'ummar Indonesiya a Siriya na tsawon wata guda a shekarar 2013, kuma "Syam di Saat Itu" shine tarihin tafiyarsa da aka buga ta Google Books.
A cikin 2021, Kurniawan Arif Maspul ne kawai daga Indonesiya don yin aikin sa kai a Expo 2020 Dubai. A cikin wannan shekarar, ya wakilci kofi na musamman daga Ƙungiyar Kofi na Musamman a Babban Ofishin Jakadancin Jamhuriyar Indonesiya a Dubai. A cikin Oktoba 2022, an gayyaci Kurniawan Arif Maspul don shiga rayayye a taron International Forum of Saudi Coffee Dorewa a Jazan, Saudi Arabia wanda Ma'aikatar Al'adu, Saudi Arabia ta shirya.
Bincike
Kurniawan Arif Maspul yana da wasu bincike da suka shafi kofi da tasirinsa ga al'umma, wanda ya kasance wani ɓangare na bincikensa tun yana aiki a Dubai da kuma aikin da ya yi a cikin Shirin Dorewa Coffee a Ƙungiyar Coffee na Musamman. Bugu da kari, an jera wasu daga cikin littattafansa a kan Google Scholar.
Bibliography
Maspul, Kurniawan Arif. (2023). Mastering the Craft: a Comprehensive Guide to Becoming a Professional Barista. Malang: Literasi Nusantara Abadi Grup. ISBN 9786238246304
Maspul, Kurniawan Arif. (2023). Beyond Self-Discovery: A Proactive Approach to Personal Growth and Empowerment. Malang: Literasi Nusantara Abadi Grup. ISBN 9786238246311