cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Ja'far ibn Abi Talib
Rayuwar farko
Ja’afar shi ne na uku ga Abu Talib bn Abdul Muttalib da Fatima bint Asad, saboda haka dan uwan ​​Muhammad ne. Manyan 'yan uwansa sune Talib da Aqil, kannensa sune Ali ibn Abi Talib da Tulayq, 'yan uwansa mata kuma sune Fakhita, Jumana da Raytah.
Lokacin da aka yi fari a mahaifar sa ta Makka, Abu Talib ba zai iya biyan kuɗin iyalin sa ba. Don haka ɗan'uwansa Abbas ya ɗauki nauyin ƙaramin Ja'afar.
Ja’afar ya musulunta da wuri. Ya auri Asma bint Umays, wacce ta musulunta a shekarar 614–615.
Hijira zuwa Abisiniya
Lokacin da aka ci zarafin Musulmai a Makka, da yawa daga cikinsu sun yi hijira zuwa Abisiniya. Ja'afar ya shiga jirgi na biyu a shekara ta 616. A can suka sami kariyar Negus, Ashama ibn Abjar, kuma suna iya bautawa Allah ba tare da hanawa ba.
Ja'afar da Asma sun zauna a Abisiniya kimanin shekaru goma sha biyu. An haifa musu 'ya'ya maza uku a can: Abdullahi, Muhammad da Awn.
Tawagar Quraishawa
Negus ya tambaye su menene addinin da suka yi watsi da jama'arsu, ba tare da sun shiga addininsa ko waninsa ba. Ja'afar ya amsa: "Mun kasance mutane marasa wayewa. Allah ya aiko mana da manzo wanda ya umarce mu da mu faɗi gaskiya, mu kasance masu aminci ga alƙawarinmu, mai tunawa da alaƙar zumunta da karimci mai kyau, da nisantar laifuka da zubar da jini. Ya ya hana mu aikata alfasha da fadin karya, da cin dukiyar marayu, da muzguna mata masu kamun kai.Ya umarce mu da mu bautawa Allah shi kadai kada mu hada komai da Shi, kuma ya bamu umarni game da sallah, sadaka da azumi [ lissafin dokokin Musulunci]. Don haka mun yi imani da shi da abin da ya zo mana da shi daga Allah, kuma muna bin abin da ya ce mu yi kuma mu nisanci abin da ya hana mu yi”.
The Negus tambaye idan Ja'afar yana tare da shi wani abu da Muhammadu ya samu daga Allah. Ja'afar ya karanta masa kashi na farko na Surar Maryam a cikin Alqur'ani, wanda ke ba da labarin Isa (Isa) da mahaifiyarsa Maryam (Maryamu). Da jin waɗannan kalmomin, "Negus ya yi kuka har gemunsa ya jike kuma bishop -bishop sun yi ta kuka har littafinsu ya jike." Negus ya ce ba zai taba cutar da Musulmai ba.
A kan haka ne Negus ya mayar da kyaututtukan Kuraishawa, yana kiran su "cin hanci," kuma "sun bar gabansa da ƙima." Musulmai sun ci gaba da zama tare da Negus "cikin kwanciyar hankali cikin ingantaccen tsaro".
Wa'azin Ƙasashen Waje
An ce Ja’afar ya bar Abisiniya don yin wa’azi a wasu kasashe. Ya raka Sa’ad bn Abi Waqqas da wasu a cikin aikin su zuwa yankin Chittagong-Manipur-Tibet-Khotan-China. Musulman garin Khotan (a lardin Xinjiang, mil 6 (kilomita 9.7) kudu da Hamadar Taklamakan, yammacin Tibet) sun samo asalin Ja'afar. Bayan haka Ja'afar ya koma Abisiniya. Arnold duk da haka yana da'awar "babu mafi ƙarancin tushe na tarihin wannan almara."
Komawa Arabiya
Da isa Madina, Ja'afar ya ji cewa Muhammad yana Khaybar. Nan take Ja’afar ya yunkuro don shiga aikin soja, ya isa daidai lokacin da Muhammad ya yi nasara a yakin. Muhammad ya gaishe shi da kalmomin: "Ban san abin da ya faru ya fi sa ni farin ciki ba - isowar Ja'afar ko cin nasarar Khaybar!"
Ja'afar ya shahara da ayyukan sadaka a Madina. Abu Hurairah ya tuna: "Wanda ya fi kowa kyauta ga talakawa shi ne Ja'afar bn Abi Talib. Ya kasance yana kai mu gidansa yana ba mu abin da ke cikinsa. Har ma zai ba mu kwandon fata mai nade ( na man shanu) wanda za mu raba mu lasa duk abin da ke cikinsa."
Yakin Mu'uta
Makabartar Ja'afar, Zaidu ibn Harithah da 'Abd Allah ibn Rawahah a Mu'utah, Al-Mazar, Jordan
A ḍarīḥ yana rufe kabarin Ja'afar (kabari)
A watan Satumba na 629, Muhammad ya tara runduna don tunkarar sojojin Rumawa a Siriya, saboda wani gwamnan Rumawa ya kashe ɗaya daga cikin wakilansa. Ya nada Zayd bn Harithah a matsayin kwamandan runduna kuma ya ba da umarni: “Idan Zaidu ya ji rauni ko aka kashe, Ja’afar bn Abu Talib zai karbi umurnin. Idan an kashe Abdullah, to bari musulmi su nada kansu kwamanda”.
Musulmai sun hadu da Rumawa a Mu'tah, inda aka fi su yawa. Zayd yana daga cikin musulmin farko da aka kashe a yaƙin, sannan Ja'afar ya ɗauki matsayinsa ya ɗauki umurnin. An hau kan dokinsa, ya shiga cikin zurfin cikin rukunin Byzantine. Yayin da ya zuga dokinsa, sai ya yi kira: "Aljannar Firdausi tana matsowa! Abin sha mai daɗi da sanyi! Azaba ga Rumawa ba ta da nisa!" Ja'afar ya yi ta gwagwarmaya har sai da aka yanke masa hannayensa biyu, amma daga ƙarshe aka kashe shi. "Wani Ba'amurke ya buge shi ya yanyanka shi kashi biyu. Rabinsa ya faɗi akan kurangar innabi, kuma an sami raunuka kusan talatin a jikinsa. Gawar Ja'afar tana da tabo guda saba'in da biyu a tsakanin kafadunsa, inda ya kasance ko dai takobi ya buge shi ko kuma mashi ya soke shi”.
Bayan
Lokacin da labari ya isa ga Muhammad, sai ya yi kuka ya yi addu'ar ruhin Ja'afar. Daga baya ya ba da rahoton cewa mala'ika Jibrilu ya sauko don yi masa ta'aziyya, yana cewa: "Jafar jarumi ne kuma amintaccen soja. Allah ya ba shi rai madawwami, kuma a maimakon hannunsa da aka yanke a cikin yaƙi, Ubangiji ya ba shi fikafikai biyu. "Bayan haka Ja'afar yana da sunan Dhul-Janāḥīn (Larabci: ذُو ٱلْجَنَاحِيْن, "The Winged").
Asmau matar bazawara ta Ja’afar ta tuna cewa: “Manzon Allah ya zo wurina ya tambaye ni ina‘ ya’yan Jafar? Na kawo su gare shi sai ya rungume su yana jin kamshin su, sai idanunsa suka kumbura suka yi kuka 'Ya Manzon Allah' sai na tambaye shi ko ka ji wani abu game da Jafar? Ya amsa, 'Eh,' ya yi shahada a yau. Na mike tsaye ina kururuwa, sai mata suka zo wurina, Annabi ya fara cewa, Ya Asma, kada ku yi kalaman batsa ko buga kirjin ku! kada ku yi farin ciki? Lallai ne Allah Madaukakin Sarki ya yi wa Ja'afar fuka -fuki biyu, domin ya tashi tare da su a Aljanna!"' Sannan Muhammad ya gaya wa 'yarsa Fatimah, "Ku shirya abinci ga dangin Ja'afar, domin sun shagala a yau."
Wuri Mai Tsarki
A lokacin tashin hankalin farar hula a cikin Levant, a cikin 2013, an ƙazantar da wuraren ibada na 'yan Shi'a, ciki har da na Ja'afar.
Usman Faruk
Kwamishinan ’Yan sanda (mai ritaya) Alhaji Usman Faruk (an haife shi a shekara ta alif ɗari tara da talatin da uku 1932A.C) Miladiyya. shi ne Gwamnan Soja na farko a Jihar Arewa-maso-Yamma a Nijeriya daga shekara ta 1967 zuwa shekara ta 1975 bayan ya balle daga tsohuwar Jihar Arewa a lokacin mulkin soja na Janar Yakubu Gowon. Janar Murtala Mohammed wanda ya karbi mulki a juyin mulki a ranar 29 ga Yulin shekara ta 1975 ne ya kore shi daga mukaminsa, sannan kuma ya ƙaddamar da binciken da ya same shi da laifin wadatar kansa ba bisa ka'ida ba lokacin da yake kan mulki. Daga baya gwamnatin Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida ta mayar da shi bakin aiki bayan an wanke shi daga dukkan tuhume-tuhumen da ake masa, kuma an ba shi cikakken albashi da muƙamin ritaya. ya bar mulki jihar ta rabu zuwa jihar Neja da jihar Sokoto.
Ya wallafa wata kasida a shekarar 1988 wanda ya kai hari kan shirin kayyade yawan jama’a na kasa da gwamnatin mulkin sojan Najeriya ke yadawa. A cikin ta ya ce "Babu wani musulmin kirki da zai yarda da duk wani umarni na mutum wanda ya saba wa dokokin Allah." Ya ce yaduwar magungunan rigakafin ciki da na'urorin zai haifar da " girgizar kasa na rashin ladabi." Wannan ra'ayi, wanda aka saba da shi a Arewa, na iya taimakawa wajen yaduwar cutar kanjamau da cutar shan inna.
Ya goyi bayan kafa hukumar sayar da kayayyaki don gyara ko sarrafa farashin kayan gona da dabbobi kamar shanu, awaki da tumaki. Haka kuma hukumar za ta adana kayan amfanin gona a lokutan bukata, sannan za ta kafa kamfanonin sarrafa kayayyakin da za su lalace kamar tumatur da sauran kayan lambu.
A wata hira da manema labarai a shekara ta 2006, ya ce rashin albashi da kayan aikin ‘yan sanda ba za a iya tabbatar da shi ba, kuma shi ne ya haddasa tabarbarewar tsaro a ƙasar. Usman Faruk ya samu lambar yabo ta kwamandan odar Niger (CON) daga gwamnatin Olusegun Obasanjo a watan Satumba 2006. A watan Yulin shekara ta 2009, an kashe dansa na uku, Sufeto Abdulaziz Faruk, a lokacin tashin hankalin da kungiyar Boko Haram ta haddasa a Maiduguri.
Littafi Mai Tsarki
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Kuoth Wiel
Kuoth Wiel ta kasance yar'fim din South-Sudanese-American yar'koyin a Amurka da shirin fim, anfi saninta da matakin a shirin The Good Lie (2014), wani fim din dirama dake bayyana labarin yara masu neman mafaka hudu daga kasar Sudan da yaki ke aukuwa anan.
Rayuwarta
Wiel an haife ta ne a refugee camp a Itang, Ethiopia, yarinya ce ga ma'aikatan jinkai na Majalisar dinkin duniya. Ta gudanar da farkon rayuwarta da tafiye-tafiye daga Nasir dake South Sudan, inda mahaifin ta ke aikin likita, da Gambela a Ethiopia. Mahaifin ta ya rasu asanda take shekara biyar. Wiel da mahaifiyarta sunyi hijira zuwa United States a 1998, sanda take kamar shekara takwas, inda suka zauna a Faribault, Minnesota.
Ita dalibar psychology ce a Augsburg College sanda ta nemi tayi aiki a The Good Lie. After graduation, she moved to Los Angeles where she currently works as a model.
Young Talkmore Nyongani
Matashi Talkmore Nyongani (an haife shi a ranar 2 ga Satumba 1983 a Makonde) ɗan wasan tseren ne na Zimbabwe wanda ya ƙware a cikin tseren mita 400. Mafi kyawun lokacin sa shine daƙiƙa 44.96, wanda ya samu a cikin watan Maris 2005 a Pretoria. Ya dauki tutar kasar Zimbabwe a bukin bude gasar Olympics ta lokacin zafi na shekarar 2004.
Nyongani ya fara gudu ne a gidansa na karkara na Makonde, kafin a kai shi babban birnin Harare babban birnin kasar ta Harare ta Cibiyar wasannin guje-guje da tsalle-tsalle ta Millennium, wacce ke daya daga cikin makarantar koyar da wasannin motsa jiki ta kasar Zimbabwe. Daga nan ya ci gaba da taka rawar gani kuma ya taka rawa a gasar matasa ta duniya da aka yi a Jamaica. A cikin shekarar 2003, an ba Nyongani gurbin karatu kuma ya yi lokaci a Dakar, Senegal. A halin yanzu kamfanin kayan wasanni na Japan Mizuno ne ke daukar nauyin kayan sa.
Mohammad Musa Shafiq
Ƙuruciya
An haifi Mohammad Musa Shafiq a gundumar Kama, lardin Nangarhar, Afghanistan a cikin shekara ta 1932. Dan fitattun 'yan siyasar Afghanistan, ma'aikatan gwamnati da shugaban addini Mawlawi Mohammad Ibraheem Kamavi be.
Karatu
Mohammad Musa Shafiq ya kammala karatunsa ne a makarantar sakandiren Addini ta Larabci ta Kabul. Ya sami digirinsa na biyu a jami'ar Al-Azhar da ke kasar Misira inda daga nan ya kara samun digiri na biyu a jami'ar Columbia da ke New York, kasar Amurka.
Firayam Minista
A matsayinsa na Firayim Minista, Shafiq ya goyi bayan sake fasalin yawancin al'ummar Afghanistan masu ra'ayin mazan jiya. Ya kuma nemi kusanci da kasar Amurka ya kuma yi alkawarin dakile noman opium da safarar mutane. Baya ga wannan, shi ma ya kasance da alhakin warware takaddamar ruwa da ke gudana a lokacin da kasar Iran kan sharuddan diflomasiyya. Shafiq ya kasance Firayim Minista na tsawon watanni bakwai.
Andy Ansah
Andy Ansah (an haife shi a shekara ta 1969), shi ne dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila.
Avignon
Avignon [lafazi : /avinyon/] birnin kasar Faransa ne. A cikin birnin Avignon akwai mutane 527,731 a kidayar shekarar 2015.
Harshen tunkiya
Harshen tunkiya shuka ne.
Andy Allen
Andy Allen (an haife shi a shekara ta 1974) shi ne dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila.
Muhajirun
Muhajirun (Larabci: المهاجرون, romanized: al-muhājirūn, singular مهاجر, muhājir) su ne farkon wadanda suka musulunta kuma mashawarta da dangin annabi Muhammad (SAW), wadanda suka yi hijira tare da shi daga Makka zuwa Madina, taron da aka sani a Musulunci a matsayin Hijira. . Musulman farko daga Madina ana kiransu Ansar ("mataimaka").
A zamanin Annabi Muhammadu
Kimanin wata guda bayan harin da Hamzah bai yi nasara ba a farmakin ayarin farko, Annabi Muhammad ya ba wani amanar Muhajirun sittin wanda Ubaydah ke jagoranta su sake gudanar da wani aiki a cikin ayarin kuraishawa da ke dawowa daga Siriya kuma maza dari suka ba su kariya. Jagoran wannan ayari shi ne Abu Sufyan bn Harb. Bangaren musulmi ya tafi har zuwa Thanyatul-Murra, wurin shan ruwa a Hejaz. Ba a yi fada ba, domin Quraishawa sun yi nisa da wurin da Musulmai ke shirin kai hari kan ayarin. Amma duk da haka, Sa’ad bn Abi Waqqas ya harbi Kuraishawa da kibiya. An san wannan da kibiyar Musulunci ta farko. Duk da wannan harin na ba-zata, ba a yi faɗa ba kuma Musulmai sun dawo hannu wofi. An yi imanin cewa Ubaydah ne ya fara ɗaukar tutar Musulunci; wasu kuma sun ce Hamzah ne ya fara ɗaukar tutar farko.
An umurci Sa’ad bn Abi Waqqas da ya jagoranci kai hari na uku. Kungiyarsa ta kunshi kimanin Muhajirai ashirin. An yi wannan samamen ne kusan wata guda bayan na baya. Sa’ad, tare da sojojinsa, sun yi kwanton bauna a kwarin Kharrar a kan hanyar zuwa Makka kuma suna jiran su kai hari kan ayarin Makka mai dawowa daga Siriya. Amma ayarin ya riga ya wuce kuma Musulmai sun koma Madina ba tare da fada ba.
Harin na huɗu, wanda aka sani da mamayewar Waddan, shi ne farmakin farko da Annabi Muhammad ya shiga da kansa tare da sojoji 70, galibi Muhajir. An ce watanni goma sha biyu bayan ya koma Madina, Annabi Muhammad da kansa ya jagoranci wani ayarin zuwa Waddan (Al-Abwa). Manufar ita ce ta katse matafiya ta Quraishawa. Bangaren da aka kai harin bai gamu da wani Kuraishawa ba yayin samamen.
Maza
Sunni Rashidun
Zine al-Abidine Ben Ali
Zine El Abidine Ben Ali ( زين العابدين بن علي   ; 3 Satumba 1936 - 19 Satumba 2019), wanda aka fi sani da Ben Ali ( بن علي  ) ko Ezzine ( الزين  ), ɗan siyasan Tunisiya ne wanda ya zama shugaban Tunisiya na 2 daga 1987 zuwa 2011. A wannan shekarar ne a lokacin juyin juya halin Tunusiya ya gudu zuwa Saudiyya.
An nada Ben Ali Firayim Minista a watan Oktoba 1987. Ya karbi ragamar shugabancin kasar ne a ranar 7 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1987 a wani juyin mulki wanda ya hambarar da shugaba Habib Bourguiba ta hanyar bayyana shi a matsayin wanda bai iya ba. An sake zabar Ben Ali da ɗimbin rinjaye, a duk lokacin da ya zarce kashi 90% na ƙuri'un; sake zabensa na karshe yana zuwa ranar 25 ga Oktoba 2009. Ben Ali shi ne shugaban da ya tsira daga juyin mulkin Larabawa ; Hosni Mubarak na Masar ya rasu a watan Fabrairun 2020.
A ranar 14 ga Janairun 2011, bayan wata zanga-zangar adawa da mulkinsa, ya gudu zuwa Saudiyya tare da matarsa Leila Ben Ali da 'ya'yansu uku. Gwamnatin Tunisiya ta rikon kwarya ta bukaci Interpol da ta bayar da sammacin kama shi na kasa da kasa, tana tuhumar sa da laifin safarar kudade da safarar muggan kwayoyi. Wata kotu a Tunisiya ta yanke wa Ben Ali da matarsa hukuncin daurin shekaru 35 a gidan yari a ranar 20 ga watan Yunin 2011 bisa zargin sata da kuma mallakar kudade da kayan adon ba bisa ka'ida ba, wadanda aka shirya yin gwanjo. A watan Yunin 2012, wata kotu a Tunusiya ta yanke masa hukuncin daurin rai da rai a gidan yari saboda tada tarzoma da kisan kai da kuma wani hukuncin daurin rai da rai da wata kotun soji ta yi a watan Afrilun 2013 saboda murkushe zanga-zangar da aka yi a Sfax. Bai yi ko ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan hukunce-hukuncen ba, daga baya ya mutu a Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, a ranar 19 ga Satumba, 2019 yana da shekaru 83 bayan kusan shekaru goma yana gudun hijira.
Rayuwar farko, ilimi da aikin soja
An haifi Ben Ali a cikin 1936 zuwa iyaye masu matsakaicin kuɗi a matsayin na huɗu na yara goma sha ɗaya a cikin iyali. Mahaifinsa ya yi aiki a matsayin mai gadi a tashar tashar jiragen ruwa ta Sousse.
Ben Ali ya shiga fafatawa da sojojin Faransa yan mulkin mallaka kuma aka daure shi. Korar da aka yi masa daga makarantar sakandare ne ya sa bai kammala karatunsa na sakandare ba. Ya yi karatu a Sousse Technical Institute amma ya kasa samun takardar shedar sana'a kuma ya shiga sabuwar rundunar sojojin Tunisiya a shekarar 1958. Duk da haka, bayan da aka zaba a matsayin  an ba shi horo a Faransa a École Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr a Coëtquidan da School of Applied Artillery a Châlons-sur-Marne, kuma a cikin United Jihohi a Babban Makarantar Leken Asiri a Maryland da Makarantar Makarantun Fagen Fagen Jirgin Sama a Texas. Ya kuma yi difloma a fannin injiniyan lantarki daga wata jami'a ta gida. Ya koma Tunisiya a shekara ta 1964, ya fara aikin soja na ƙwararru a wannan shekarar a matsayin jami'in ma'aikatan Tunisiya. A lokacin da yake aikin soja, ya kafa ma’aikatar tsaron soji kuma ya jagoranci ayyukanta na tsawon shekaru 10. Ya yi aiki a takaice a matsayin hadimin soja a ofishin jakadancin Tunisiya na Morocco da Spain kafin a nada shi babban darektan tsaron kasa a shekarar 1977.
A cikin Afrilu 1980, Ben Ali an nada shi jakadan Poland, kuma ya yi aiki a wannan matsayi na tsawon shekaru hudu. Ya kuma rike mukamin babban hafsan leken asiri na soji daga 1964 zuwa 1974 sannan ya rike babban darakta na tsaron kasa tsakanin watan Disamba 1977 zuwa 1980 har zuwa lokacin da aka nada shi ministan tsaro. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan tarzomar burodin Tunisiya a watan Janairun 1984, an sake nada shi babban darekta na tsaron ƙasa. Daga baya Ben Ali ya zama karamin minista mai kula da harkokin cikin gida kafin a nada shi ministan cikin gida a ranar 28 ga Afrilu 1986 sannan shugaba Habib Bourguiba ya zama firaminista a watan Oktoba 1987.
Tashi shugaban kasa
A safiyar ranar 7 ga Nuwamba 1987, likitocin da ke halartar shugaba Bourguiba sun gabatar da rahoton likita a hukumance inda suka bayyana cewa ba shi da lafiya kuma ya kasa cika aikin shugaban kasa. Ben Ali, wanda ke kan kujerar shugaban kasa, ya cire Bourguiba daga mukaminsa, ya kuma karbi shugabancin da kansa. An yi bikin ranar hawansa karagar mulki kowace shekara a kasar Tunisia a matsayin ranar sabon zamani. Biyu daga cikin sunayen da aka ba wa Ben Ali hawan kujerar shugabancin kasar sun hada da "juyin mulki na likitanci" da "juyin juya halin Tunisiya". Ben Ali ya fifita na karshen. Daukar Ben Ali a matsayin shugaban kasa ya yi daidai da sashi na 57 na kundin tsarin mulkin Tunisiya. Kasar ta fuskanci hauhawar farashin kayayyaki da kashi 10%, bashin waje ya kai kashi 46% na GDP da kuma adadin hidimar bashi na kashi 21% na GDP.
A cikin 1999, Fulvio Martini, tsohon shugaban hukumar leken asirin sojan Italiya SISMI, ya bayyana wa kwamitin majalisar cewa "daga 1985 zuwa 1987, mun shirya wani nau'in golpe a Tunisiya, inda muka sanya shugaba Ben Ali a matsayin shugaban kasa, ya maye gurbin Burghiba. (harshen Italiyanci na sunan) wanda ya so ya gudu". Bourguiba, duk da cewa wata alama ce ta adawa da mulkin mallaka, amma ana ganin ba zai iya jagorantar kasarsa ba, kuma martanin da ya yi game da karuwar rikon addinin Musulunci da Martini ya yi yana kallonsa "mai matukar kuzari"; Barazanar da Bourguiba ya yi na zartar da hukuncin kisa na iya haifar da mummunan martani a cikin kasashe makwabta. A karkashin umarnin Firayim Ministan Italiya Bettino Craxi da Ministan Harkokin Waje Giulio Andreotti, Martini ya yi ikirarin cewa sun kulla yarjejeniyar da ta kai ga mika mulki cikin lumana.
A cewar Martini, SISMI ba ta da rawar aiki wajen hawan Ben Ali karagar mulki, amma ta shirya wani yunkuri na tallafa wa sabuwar gwamnatinsa ta fuskar siyasa da tattalin arziki, tare da hana Tunisiya fada a fili da masu tsattsauran ra'ayi, kamar yadda ya faru a Aljeriya a cikin haka. shekaru.
Siyasa
Alan Cowell, fitaccen dan jaridar New York Times, ya yi imani da alkawuran farko da Ben Ali ya yi na tsarin mulkin dimokradiyya fiye da yadda aka yi a karkashin Bourguiba. Daya daga cikin ayyukansa na farko da ya hau kan karagar mulki shi ne ya sassauta takunkumin da aka yi wa manema labarai; a karon farko jaridun da ke karkashin ikon gwamnati sun buga bayanai daga 'yan adawa. Ben Ali ya kuma saki wasu fursunonin siyasa tare da yi musu afuwa. A cikin 1988, ya canza sunan jam'iyyar Destourian Socialist Party mai mulki zuwa Democratic Constitutional Rally (RCD), sannan ya tura ta hanyar gyaran kundin tsarin mulki wanda ya iyakance shugaban kasa zuwa shekaru uku na shekaru biyar, ba tare da fiye da biyu ba a jere.
Denise Newman (yar'fim)
Denise Newman ta kasance ‘yar wasan kwaikwayo ce, kuma an haifeta a garin Cape Town na kasar Afirka ta Kudu.
Tarihin rayuwa
Newman ta girma ne a unguwar Athlone da ke Cape Town, diyace ga mai aikin saka tufafi. Ta bayyana kanta a matsayin ɗiyar da ke cikin kaɗaici wacce take ƙirƙirar nata nishaɗin. Bayan ta kammala makarantar sakandaren Athlone a 1972, sai ta koma Amurka domin yin karatun digiri na biyu. Newman ta dawo kasar South Africa a cikin 1974 don nazarin aikin zamantakewa kuma ta sami aiki a ofishin gidaje a Hanover Park. Ta gano gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Space Theatre, gidan wasan kwaikwayo ɗaya kacal a cikin ƙasar da ke da ƙungiyoyi masu yawa da masu sauraro ba tare da izini ba, kuma daraktansa Brian Astbury ne ya ƙarfafa cewa tayi aiki a can. Newman tayi aiki ta share bene da yin wanki na 'yan wasan kafin ta zama manajan wasan a 1979. Babban rawar da ta taka ta farko shi ne acikin wani shiri mai suna Political Joke, wanda Jean Naidoo ya jagoranta kuma Peter Snyders ya rubuta.
A cikin 1982, Newman ta fara fim dinta na farko a matsayin Yvonne Jacobs, wata ma'aikaciyar babban kanti wacce ta fara soyayya da wani farin fata, a cikin shirin City Lovers. A shekarar 1985, ta fito a fim wani shiri na barkwanci mai suna Two Weeks in Paradise.
A shekarar 2009, Newman ce ta jagoranci wani fim mai suna Shirley Adams, wanda Olivier Hermanus ya bada umurni. Ta fito a matsayin mahaifiya wacce ɗanta ɗan shekara 20 ke tunanin kashe kansa bayan da ya tsinci kanshi a cikin wani hali na harb-harbe a makaranta. Newman ta karɓi Kyautar Kyakkyawar Actar Wasan Supportan wasa a Carthage Film Festival don kwazonta. Ray Bennett na Kamfanin Dillancin Labarai na Associated Press ya rubuta cewa ta ba da "gagarumar gudummawa" wacce "za ta sanya shingen ga kyautuka mafi kyau na 'yan wasa a wannan shekarar idan Oliver Hermanus'" Shirley Adams "ta ci nasara ga masu sauraro na duniya da suka cancanta."
Newman ta fito a matsayin mahaifiyar Tiny a cikin shirin The Endless River a cikin shekara ta 2015, wanda Hermanus ya bada umurni. Ta fara wasan Bridgette Oktoba na opera Suidooster a shekara ta 2015. Ta kuma buga Dulcie Satumba mai gwagwarmaya da wariyar launin fata a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Cold Case: Revisiting Dulcie Satumba a cikin 2015. Newman ta ce rawar tana da ma'ana sosai idan aka kwatanta da rawar da ta taka a matsayin Daleen Meintjies a cikin shirin opera 7de Laan. An sake farfado da wasan a shekarar 2017. A cikin 2019, ta taka rawa na musamman acikin kashi na 2 na jerin fim na laifuka wato Die Byl.
Hunda tukunya
Hunda tukunya shuka ne.
Alfred Ambler
Alfred Ambler (an haife shi a shekara ta 1879) shi ne dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila.
Aski
Aski Aski dai shi ne cire gashi daga jikin mutum, aski abu ne mai matukar asali daya samo tushe tun karnin baya inda akewa mutum aski bayan zuwan shi duniya da dan kwanaki.
Dalilin aski
Dalilin aski shi ne domin addinan mu sun yarda ayi shi kuma maza ne akewa aski sai dai suma mata ana masu amman a lokacin da aka haife su bayan nan ba'a kuma yiwa mata aski.
Irin-iren aski
da dai sauran su.
Orléans
Orléans [lafazi : /orelehan/] birnin kasar Faransa ne. A cikin birnin Orléans akwai mutane 433,337 a kidayar shekarar 2015.
Hotuna
<Gallery> File:Entr%C3%A9e_des_Allemands_%C3%A0_Orl%C3%A9ans.jpg|Shigar da Jamusawa cikin birnin Orléans a shekarar 1870 File:Orleans-tramway1.jpg|Hanyar tram ta Orléans a Place St-Croix. File:%C3%89cole_professionelle_d%27Orl%C3%A9ans_(J_David).jpg|Makarantar Koyarwa ta Orléans (J David). File:Orl%C3%A9ans_place_du_Martroi_1.jpg|La place du Martro </Gallery>
Andrew Amos
Andrew Amos (an haife shi ne a ranar 20 ga watan satumba a shekara ta alif ɗari takwas da sittin da uku(1863) - ya kuma mutu ne a ranar 2 ga watan oktoba a shekara ta alif dari tara da talatin da daya(1931)Ac. shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila.
Karatunsa
Amos yayi karatunsa ne a (Charterhouse School) kuma ya kasance daya daga cikin mambobi na kungiyar kwallon kafan makaranta  a 1882. sannan ya tafi kwalejin (clare cambridge) sannan an bashi kyautar shudi 1884.
Alf Amos
Alf Amos (an haife shi a shekara ta 1893 - ya mutu a shekara ta 1959), shi ne dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila.
Magi
Magi dai wani sinadari ne da ake sanyawa a abinci domin bada ɗan-ɗano mai daɗi, magi dai ana sanya shi ne a abinci domin sanya ko ƙarawa abincin daɗi a wajen ci.
Igwe Alfred Achebe
Igwe Alfred Achebe ya kasance sarki ne na onitsha. An haifeshi a shekarar 1979 ya kuma rasu a shekara 2012. Shi din dan kasuwa ne mai tasiri kuma yayi aiki a matsayin shugaban hada-hadar kasuwanci ta onitsha.
Chukwudifu Oputa
Chukwudifu Oputa GCON (22 Satumba 1916 – 4 ga Mayu 2014) masanin shari’a ne dan Najeriya wanda ya kasance Alkalin Kotun Koli ta Najeriya daga 1984 zuwa 1989. Olusegun Obasanjo ne ya nada shi a shekarar 1999 a matsayin shugaban kwamitin Oputa wanda ya binciki laifukan cin zarafin bil’adama da tsofaffin sojoji suka yi tare da gabatar da bincike akansu a shekara ta 2003.
Kuruciya da ilimi
An haifi Chukwudifu Oputa a ranar 22 ga Satumba 1916 a Oguta ga Cif Oputa Uzokwu da Madam Nwametu Oputa. Mahaifinsa dan kabilar Igbo ne, kuma ya auri mata 10 kuma ya haifi ‘ya’ya da dama wadanda Chukwudifu ne na karshe a cikinsu. Ya fara karatun sa a Sacred Heart School, Oguta daga 1930 zuwa 1936 sannan ya wuce Christ the King College da ke Onitsha inda ya yi karatun firamare daga 1937 zuwa 1940 inda ya samu shaidar kammala karatunsa na makarantun Yammacin Afrika wato (WAEC). Oputa ya ci gaba zuwa Kwalejin Yaba Higher College amma daga baya ya koma Kwalejin Achimota, Ghana a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu inda ya sami digiri a fannin tattalin arziki a 1945. Daga nan ya koma Landan inda ya kammala karatunsa na digiri na farko a fannin tarihi daga Jami’ar Landan sannan ya yi digiri a fannin shari’a a shekarar 1953. An kira shi zuwa kungiyar lauyoyi na Bar-Gary Inn a ranar 26 ga Nuwamba 1953.
Aikin shari'a
Oputa ya dawo Najeriya inda ya kafa kotu mai zaman kansa kuma ya wanzu har tsawon shekaru, yana gudanar da wasu manyan laifuka da suka hada da rikicin sarautar Oguta a 1959 da rikicin Amayenabo a 1960. An nada shi alkalin babbar kotun Gabashin Najeriya a lokacin a shekarar 1966 sannan aka kara masa girma zuwa babban alkalin jihar Imo a shekarar 1976. Oputa ya samu mukamin alkalin kotun kolin Najeriya a shekarar 1984 inda ya shafe shekaru 5 kafin ya yi ritaya a shekarar 1989. Alƙalan ƴan ƴan ƴan ƴan ƴan sanda sun yaba da zamansa a kotun koli tare da tsohon Alkalin Alkalai, Mohammed Bello, sun bayyana shi a matsayin "Socrates na Kotun Koli". Olusegun Obasanjo ne ya tuno da shi a matsayin shugaban hukumar binciken take hakkin bil’adama ta Najeriya da aka fi sani da Oputa panel don binciken ‘yancin dan adam a lokacin mulkin soja daga 1984 zuwa 1999.
Rayuwarsa
Oputa ya kasance mabiyin Katolika kuma mai daraja Knight Kwamandan St. Gregory mai girma kuma Knight Kwamandan St. Sylvester Paparoma, Knight na St. Mulumba. Ya buga takardu sama da 40 a cikin laccocinsa, taro da taron karawa juna sani. An kirkiro gidauniyar Oputa ne don girmama shi don inganta gaskiya, gaskiya da mutunta doka. .  Ya rasu ne a ranar 4 ga watan Mayun 2014 saboda rashin lafiya.
Lallen giwa
Lallen giwa shuka ne.
Nancy
Nancy [lafazi : /naneci/] birnin kasar Faransa ne. A cikin birnin Nancy akwai mutane 435,336 a kidayar shekarar 2015.
Dahiru Bako Gassol
Dahiru Bako Gassol (an haife shi a ranar 4 ga watan Mayu,shekara ta alif ɗari tara da hamsin da hudu 1954A.c) an zaɓe shi a matsayin Sanata mai wakiltar Taraba ta tsakiya a jihar Taraba dake Najeriya, ya karɓi mulki a ranar 29 ga watan Mayun shekarar 2007. Ɗan jam'iyyar PDP ne.
Gassol ya kuma samu Difloma a fannin Gudanarwa. An kuma naɗa shi Darakta, kula da lafiya a matakin farko na ƙaramar hukumar Bali a jihar Taraba. An zaɓe shi a Majalisar Wakilai a shekara ta 1999, kuma ya sake zaɓe a 2007. Bayan ya hau kujerar majalisar dattawa, an naɗa shi kwamitocin kula da albarkatun ruwa, ayyukan majalisar dattawa, al’adu da yawon buɗe ido da kasuwannin jari. A wani nazari na tsakiyar wa’adi na Sanatoci a cikin watan Mayun 2009, Thisday ya ce bai ɗauki nauyin wani ƙudiri ba, kuma da kyar ba a iya gani a ƙasa ko a cikin kwamitin.
An naɗa Gassol shugaban ƙungiyar ƴan majalisar dokokin jihar Taraba. A wata hira da aka yi da shi a cikin watan Janairun shekarar 2010, ya bayyana cewa ƴan majalisar na da kyakkyawar alaƙa da Gwamna Danbaba Suntai.
Teresa Okure
Teresa Okure (mai shekara 80) mai bin cocin Katolika ce ta Najeriya. Ita ce ƴar Afirka ta farko da ta zama memba na Society of the Holy Child Jesus. Ita Farfesa ce a mazaunin Sashen Tauhidin Littafi Mai Tsarki, a Cibiyar Katolika ta Yammacin Afirka, Fatakwal, Najeriya. Okure yana koyar da Sabon Alkawari da Harsunan Jinsi, kuma ya koyar a Cibiyar tun 1999. Ta sami Ph.D a Jami'ar Fordham. A cikin 2013, an lura da ita a matsayin ɗan takara mai yiwuwa don nadawa a matsayin mace Cardinal ta Paparoma Francis.
Carlos
Carlos na iya nufin to:
Wuyan giwa
Wuyan giwa shuka ne.
Yabe Siad Isman
Yabe Siad Isman (an haife shi 12 ga watan Maris ɗin 1998), ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Djibouti wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida a ƙungiyar Arta/Solar7 ta Djibouti da kuma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Djibouti.
Manazarta
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Deyemi Okanlawon
Deyemi Okanlawon ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Najeriya, talabijin, wasan kwaikwayo da kuma ɗan wasan murya. Ya shahara da rawar da ya taka a cikin shirin gidan talabijin na Gidi Up da An African City kuma ya fito a cikin Fina-Finai, Idan Gobe Ya Taso da Hanyar Jiya da kuma fitowar sa a cikin faifan bidiyo da dama na Najeriya da suka hada da No be You by Waje da Soja. by Falz The Bahd Guy.
Kuruciya
An haifi Okanlawon a jihar Legas, Kudu maso yammacin Najeriya ga mahaifi Injiniyan Jirgin sama Adeyemi Okanlawon, da Adeyinka Okanlawon mai yin burodi kuma ɗan kasuwa. Ya yi karatun firamare a Taikenny Nursery and Primary School da ke Legas, sannan ya yi sakandare a International School, Legas. Daga nan ya ci gaba da karatun Injiniyan Kimiyya a Jami'ar Legas, Lagos, Nigeria. Tsohon mai yin burodi da tallace-tallace da tallace-tallace ya kuma sami takardar shedar aiki don Fim, daga Kwalejin Fim ta New York.
Sana'a
Okanlawon ya sami gogewarsa ta farko game da wasan kwaikwayo tun yana ɗan shekara 5, lokacin da ya fito a wasan 'ƙarshen shekara' lokacin yana makarantar firamare. A lokacin yana dan shekara, 9, Okanlawon ya fito a cikin wani tallan gidan Talabijin na kasa baki daya tare da Kunle Bamtefa. Yayin da yake Jami'ar Legas, Okanlawon ya zama memba mai himma a cikin kungiyoyin wasan kwaikwayo Gf(x) (Kamfanin Harvesters), Xtreme Reaction da Snapshots (Cibiyar Kiristanci).
Okanlawon ya fara fitowa a fim a cikin fim din ZR-7 na shekarar, 2010, kafin ya fito a wani gajeren fim mai suna A Grain of Wheat. Ya ci gaba da fitowa tare da shirya wasu gajerun fina-finai da yawa kuma a shekara ta, 2012 ya sami shahara saboda yawan fitowar da ya yi a cikin gajerun fina-finai da aka yi do yanar-gizo da jerin gidajen yanar gizo ciki har da Blink, 6:30pm da kuma Knock Knock. A cikin 2013 ya canza sana'a don mai da hankali kan yin cikakken lokaci kuma tun daga lokacin ya fito a cikin ƙimar fim sama da 50, ƙimar matakin 8 kuma ya fito a cikin tallace-tallacen OLX da GLO Television da kuma bidiyon kiɗa na Waje da Aramide. Ya kuma yi rawar gani a fina-finai irin su “Beyond Blood” na Greg Odutayo wanda ke yin fim din Joseph Benjamin da Kehinde Bankole; Pascal Amanfo's Idan Gobe Kada Ya Taba Zuwa Tauraruwarsa Yvonne Nelson, Hanyar Ishaya Bako Zuwa Jiya tare da Genevieve Nnaji da Majid Michel da Pascal Amanfo's No Man's Land tare da Adjetey Anang. Ya kasance a cikin shirin NdaniTV na Gidi Up tare da OC Ukeje, Titilope Sonuga, Somkele Iyamah da Joke Silva. Ya kuma yi fice a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen TV Taste Of Love, Lekki Wives, An African City and Dowry. A cikin shekarar, 2013, ya sami lambar yabo a matsayin mafi Jarumta (best actor) a cikin Short Film a bikin In-Short fim saboda rawar da ya taka a matsayin miji mai hankali a cikin mai ban sha'awa, Blink.
Albert Allen
Albert Allen (an haife shi bayan shekarar ta 1867 - ya mutu kafin shekarar 1899) shi ne dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila.
Eze Cletus Ilomuanya
Eze Cletus Ilomuanya shine sarki na 18 na garin Obinugwu da aka nada.An haifeshi a shekarar 1979. Ya rasu a shekarar 2022. Shi dan kasuwa ne kuma jagoran kungiyar yan kasuwa ta Obinugwu.
Adam Arthur
Adam Arthur (an haife a shekara ta 1985) dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila ne.
Warsama Hassan
Warsama Hassan Houssein (an haife ta 17 ga watan Mayun 2000) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Djibouti wanda ke taka leda a bangaren Arta/Solar7 na Djibouti da kuma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Djibouti.
Aikin kulob
An haife shi a Djibouti, Hassan ya shiga tsarin matasa na Standard Liège a shekarar 2007. A cikin shekarar 2015, ya koma Genk, yana wasa a makarantar horar da kulob na tsawon shekaru hudu. A ranar 2 ga watan Janairun 2019, Hassan ya rattaba hannu a kulob din Seraing na farko na Belgium a kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu.
A cikin watan Oktobar 2020 Hassan ya shiga Sereď na Slovak Fortuna Liga. Da tafi ya zama dan wasa na farko daga Djibouti da ya rattaba hannu a kan wani babban kulob kulob a Turai. An sanar a watan Agustan shekarar 2021 cewa Hassan ya rattaba hannu a kungiyar Sliema Wanderers FC ta Maltese kan kwantiragin shekara guda tare da zabin kulob na karin shekara.
Ayyukan kasa da kasa
A baya Hassan ya wakilci Belgium a matakin 'yan kasa da shekaru 15 da 16. A shekara ta 2014 ya buga wasanni uku na sada zumunci a bangaren ƴan ƙasa da shekaru-15, biyu da Turkiyya da daya da Italiya. A watan Afrilun 2016 ya buga wasa daya a karkashin kasa da shekaru 17 a wasan sada zumunci da Jamhuriyar Czech. Hassan ya fara buga wasansa na farko a kasar Djibouti a wasan neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA da ci 2–1 da Eswatini a ranar 4 ga watan Satumbar 2019.
Ƙwallayen kasa da kasa
Maki da sakamako ne suka jera yawan kwallayen Djibouti.
Manazarta
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Mutanen Idoma
Idoma mutane ne da suka fi zama a yankunan yamma na Jihar Benuwai, Nijeriya, kuma ana iya samun ƙungiyoyin dangi a cikin Jihar Cross Ribas, ta Enugu, ta Kogi da ta Nasarawa a Nijeriya. Yaren Idoma an kasafta shi a ƙaramin rukuni na Akweya na yarukan Idomoid na dangin Volta–Niger, waɗanda suka haɗa da Igede, Alago, Agatu, Etulo, Ete da Yala na jihohin Benue, da Nasarawa, da Kogi da kuma Arewacin Kuros Riba. Rukunin rukuni na Akweya yana da alaƙa ta kut da kut da ƙungiyar Yatye-Akpa. Mafi yawan yankin yana cikin kudu, kudu da kogin Benuwai, kimanin kilomita sabain da biyu gabas da haduwarsa da kogin Neja. Idomas an san su 'mayaƙa' da 'mafarauta' na aji, amma masu karɓan baƙi da son zaman lafiya. Mafi yawan ɓangarorin ƙasar Idoma sun kasance ba su san Yammacin Turai ba har zuwa shekarun 1920, suna barin yawancin al'adun gargajiyar na Idoma ba cikakke. Yawan mutanen Idoma an ƙiyasta su kusan miliyan 3.5. Mutanen Idoma suna da wani basaraken gargajiya da ake kira Och'Idoma wanda shine shugaban majalisar masarautar gargajiya ta yankin Idoma. Ingilishi ne ya gabatar da wannan. Kowace al'umma tana da nata sarki na gargajiya kamar Ad'Ogbadibo na Orokam, Cif DE Enenche. Fadar Och'Idoma tana Otukpo, jihar Benuwai. Och'Idoma na yanzu, Elias Ikoyi Obekpa an saka shi a ofis a shekarar 1997 kuma muƙamin na rayuwa ne.
Tarihin gargajiya
Tarihin mutanen Idoma ya sha gaban tarihin Jihar Benuwai (wanda aka kirkira 1976) da tarihin Jamhuriyar Nijeriya (wanda aka kirkira 1960). Al'adar baka da rawa ita ce hanyar farko wacce ta wuce tarihi a ƙasar Idoma kuma ana ɗaukar ta a matsayin cibiyar al'adu ta tsakiya. Tun daga ƙuruciya omaan ƙabilar Idoma galibi suna koyo daga tsofaffin labaransu na tsohuwar kuma ana goya su kusa da dangi, wanda ke samar da albarkatun tarihi da yawa. Lokacin da aka sa Idomas gaba ɗaya za su yi alfaharin gaya muku daga ina suke, kuma ba abin mamaki ba ne Idoma ya iya karanta aƙalla ƙarni huɗu na zuriyarsu. A tarihi, rashin amsa tambayar alamar "Wanene mahaifinka?" cire cancanta daga mahimman matsayi da taken a Idomaland. A dabi'ance, kauyuka da dama sun samo asalinsu ne daga magabata dayawa kuma gaba daya, kungiyoyin Idoma da yawa sun samo asalinsu ga magabata daya, wanda aka dauki “uba” na ƙungiyoyin daban-daban. Dangane da tarihin gargajiya, Iduh, mahaifin Idoma yana da yara da yawa waɗanda kowannensu ya kafa yankuna daban-daban. Saboda haka furcin: "Iduh mahaifin Idoma." “Iduh mahaifin Idoma Iduh wanda ya haifi duka Idoma Ya kuma haifi waɗannan yara: Ananawoogeno wanda ya haifi 'ya'yan Igwumale; Olinaogwu wanda ya haifi mutanen Ugboju; Idum wanda ya haifi mutanen Adoka; Agabi wanda ya haifi mutanen Otukpo; Eje wanda ya haifi mutanen Oglewu; Ebeibi wanda ya haifi mutanen Umogidi a Adoka, Edeh wanda ya haifi mutanen Edumoga da Ode waɗanda suka haifi mutanen Yala ”Duk da cewa za a iya samun wasu gaskiya ga abin da ke sama, ba za a iya cewa Idoma tana da asali guda ɗaya ba. Yawancin ƙungiyoyin Idoma da ƙananan ƙauyuka suna da tarihin kansu cikakke tare da labaru game da yadda mutanensu suka isa inda suke. Mutanen Otukpa sun fito ne daga kakanni uku: Owuno, Ameh-Ochagbaha da Oodo. Na farko ‘yan uwan juna ne da suka yi kaura daga Idah a Igalala yayin da Oodo ya yi kaura daga kasar Igbo. Kamar yadda mutum zai iya tunanin, canjin yanayin mutane a cikin lokaci yana sanya wahalar nazarin tarihin Idoma. Akwai wasu Idomas wadanda asalinsu 'yan ƙabilar Ibo ne kuma sun auri juna tare da yankin Arewacin ƙasar Igbo.
Tarihin ilimi
Masana sun haɗu da tarihin baka tare da bayanan asalinsu da nazarin alaƙar dangi don gano asalin mutanen Idoma baki ɗaya. Wani mashahurin masanin Idoma EO Erim ya kawo bayanan asalinsu, wanda aka tattara daga yawancin kungiyoyin zamani a Idoma yana ba da shawarar cewa sun samo asali ne daga ƙabilu da yawa, kowannensu yana da asalin tarihin daban. Bugu da ƙari, wadatar zuriyar da ke akwai yana nuna kasancewar kabilu daban-daban waɗanda suka fito daga kakanninsu ban da Idu. A da yawa daga cikin waɗannan lamuran, da'awar asalin zuriya tana da goyon baya ta hanyar haɗin nasaba mai yawa da mallakan ɗumbin nasaba ɗaya. Erim yayi jayayya cewa yayin da Idu ya kasance jagorar ƙaura-amma ba shine "uba" na Idoma ba ta hanyar da aka ambata a cikin al'adun da ke sama. Waɗannan abubuwan biyun suna da wuya a yarda da ra'ayin kawai cewa kowane rukuni a ƙasar Idoma ya fito ne daga Idu.
Yawancin dangin Idoma suna da'awar asalin garin kakanninsu da ake kira Apa, arewa maso gabashin gabashin Idoma a yanzu saboda matsin lambar da maharan Arewa suka yi kamar 'yan shekaru 300 da suka gabata. Tarihin Apa yana daga cikin tsohuwar Daular Kwararafa (Masarautar Okolofa), hadaddiyar ƙungiyar mutane da yawa. Masu ba da labaru a wasu kabilun sun tabbatar da wanzuwar wannan masarauta, musamman Jukun wadanda suma suka yi amannar cewa sun taba yin wata kungiyar hadin gwiwa da ake kira Kwararafa. A cikin littafin tarihin Hausa na Kano Chronicle an ambaci cewa Zariya, karkashin Sarauniya Amina ta ci dukkan garuruwa har zuwa Kwarafara a karni na 15. A yanzu haka, akwai wata Karamar Hukuma a Jihar Benuwai da ake kira Apa kuma an ce nan ne gidan waɗanda suka yi ƙaura ta farko daga masarautar tarihi. Ga yawancin istsan kishin ƙasa na Idoma a yau, sunan Apa yana nuna alamun daɗaɗaɗɗen ɗaukaka, kuma wasu a fagen siyasa sun tafi har zuwa ba da shawarar cewa ya kamata ya zama sunan sabuwar jihar Idoma.
Sauran masanan suna nuni da shaidar tarihi da harshe da ke nuni da cewa Idoma tana da alaƙa da mutanen Igala zuwa yamma, suna mai cewa cewa al'ummomin biyu sun fito ne daga magabata daya. Angulu (1981) ya lura cewa Igala da Igbo suna da mahimmancin alaƙar tarihi, ta kakanni da kuma ta al'ada. Eri ance shine asalin asalin al'adun gargajiya na Umu-eri, ƙaramin rukuni na mutanen Ibo. Eri ya yi ƙaura daga yankin Igala kuma ya kafa alƙarya a tsakiyar kwarin kogin Anambara (a Eri-aka) a Aguleri inda ya auri mata biyu. Matar farko, Nneamakụ, ta haifa masa yara biyar. Na farko shi ne Agulu, wanda ya kafa Aguleri (Shugaban kakannin gidan masarautar Eri) (masarautar Ezeora da ta samar da sarakuna 34 har zuwa yau a Enugwu Aguleri), na biyu shi ne Menri, wanda ya kafa Umunri / Masarautar Nri, sannan ya biyo baya Onugu, wanda ya kafa Igbariam da Ogbodulu, wanda ya kafa Amanuke. Ta biyar ita ce 'ya mace mai suna Iguedo, wacce aka ce ita ce ta haifi wadanda suka assasa garin Nteje, da Awkuzu, Ogbunike, Umuleri, Nando da Ogboli a Onitsha. A matsayin ɗayan 'ya'yan Eri, Menri yayi ƙaura daga Aguleri, wanda yake har yanzu yake, haikalin kakannin duka Umu-Eri (Umu-Eri da Umu-Nri). Matarsa ta biyu Oboli ta haifi ọanòja, ɗa tilo wanda ya kafa Masarautar Igala a cikin jihar Kogi. Daga cikin wannan rukunin, akwai wadanda suka yi amannar cewa kabilun biyu sun gudu daga masarauta daya a wani lokaci a tarihi. Yawancin waƙoƙin gargajiyar Idoma da harsunan "sirri" da ake magana yayin bikin al'adu na asali yaruka ne na Igala kuma akwai wasu Idoma da kansu waɗanda ke tabbatar da asalin Igala. Har yanzu akwai sauran ƙungiyoyin Idoma musamman a yankunan kudanci, wadanda ke ikirarin cewa kakanninsu sun isa wurin da suke yanzu daga yankin Arewa na yankin Igboland sakamakon rikicin filaye. Masana sunyi imanin cewa waɗannan mutane tabbas sun gudu daga Apa suma, sun daidaita kuma sun sake zama.
Kamar yadda aka ba da shawara, dalilai da yawa suna da wahalar nazarin asalin tarihin Idoma na mutanen Idoma baki ɗaya. A kowane hali, ana iya cewa duk da asalinsu, fatauci, aure, yare da sauran hulɗa tsakanin Idoma sun haɓaka al'adu kuma sun tsara asalin al'adunsu daban daban.
Wajen Binuwai
Shahararren ra'ayin shine Idoma ƙungiya ce ta yare-ƙabilanci da aka samo asali a yankunan yamma na jihar Benuwe, Najeriya. Wannan saboda suna rukuni na biyu mafi girma a jihar kuma sun mamaye ƙananan hukumomi 9 (LGA's) waɗanda suka haɗa da: Ado, Agatu, Apa, Obi, Ohimini, Ogbadibo, Oju, Okpokwu da Otukpo. Baya ga yammacin yankin Benuwe, wannan ƙabilar tana da matsuguni a wasu sassan ƙasar, ciki har da Nassarawa, Kogi, Enugu da Kuros Riba. Al'adar ta tilasta wa maza yin doya ga matansu, Ba kamar sauran al'adun da ake sa ran mace ta yi duk ayyukan da suka shafi abinci ba, ba a barin mazajen Idoma koyaushe.
Launukan Gargajiya na Idoma
Launin gargajiya na mutanen Idoma launuka ne masu launin ja da baƙar fata. Wannan ya kasance ne kawai tun daga 1980s don haɓaka ainihin asalin Idoma.
Rawar gargajiya ta Idoma
An fi shahara da rawar gargajiya ta mutanen Idoma da Ogirinya rawa. Rawa ce mai kuzari da ke buƙatar tsalle (a tsaka-tsaka lokaci) a yatsun ƙafa cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci. Za'a iya kallon bidiyon rawar Ogirinya akan YouTube. Masu rawa suna saka tufafin Idoma (launuka na gargajiya) ana iya ganin su a duk hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizon.
Abincin Gargajiya (Miyan Okoho)
An san mutanen Idoma da son abinci, kasancewar ana gudanar da bikin abinci na shekara-shekara a jihar Benuwe don bikin mata da nau'ikan abinci iri-iri na gargajiya. Mafi shahara a cikin abincin su shine miyan Okoho wanda aka yi shi da keɓaɓɓiyar shukar Okoho, naman daji da sauran kayan haɗi da yawa.
Addinin Gargajiya na Idoma
Da zuwan Kiristanci, Islama, da sauran addinai na baƙi, tsarin imani na gargajiya na mafi yawan ƙabilun ƙasar ya rinjayi al'adun yamma. Koyaya, mafi yawan mutanen Idoma har yanzu suna da imani sosai a cikin Alekwu, wanda ake gani a matsayin ruhohin kakanni- mahada ce tsakanin masu rai da matattu. Suna gudanar da bikin 'Aje Alekwu' na shekara-shekara inda masu koyar da al'adun gargaji ke taruwa tare da yin sadaukarwa wajen bautar kakanninsu a duk fadin kasar. Idomas suna da ƙawancen haɗuwa da ruhun Alekwu-kakannin kakanni wanda aka yi imanin cewa ya kasance a matsayin mai sa ido na iyalai da al'ummomi yayin da suke bincika munanan abubuwa kamar zina, sata da kisan kai.
Aure
Duk da cewa al'adar aure da al'adun mutanen Idoma ba ta bambanta da ta Ibo da sauran al'adun kudu maso gabas, akwai wasu fannoni na musamman da suka banbanta al'adunsu. A wasu yankuna na Idoma dole ango da danginsa su gabatarwa da amarya zakara da wasu kuɗi a ranar aure bayan an riga an biya kudin amarya. Idan ta karba, alama ce ta yarda da rashin jin dadi idan ta ki kyautar. Duk da cewa babu wasu tabbatattun dalilai na tabbatar da bukatar zakara, ya kasance wani ɓangare ne mai ban sha'awa na bikin.
Takanɗar giwa
Takanɗar giwa shuka ne.
Innocent Mbonihankuye
Innocent Madede Mbonihankuye (an haife shi 5 ga watan Nuwambar 1996), ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida a tashar tashar AS. An haife shi a Burundi kuma ya yi hijira zuwa Djibouti, ya wakilci tawagar kasar Burundi a wasanni biyu na sada zumunta, kafin ya koma wakiltar tawagar kasar Djibouti.
Aiki
An haife shi a Burundi, Mbonihankuye ya yi karo da tawagar kasar Burundi a wasan sada zumunci da suka yi da Kenya a ranar 15 ga watan Yulin 2014. A cikin shekarar 2015, ya koma Djibouti kuma an ba shi izinin zama ɗan ƙasa. Ya sauya sheka zuwa kasar Djibouti a shekarar 2019, saboda bai buga wasa da Burundi ba saboda buga wasanni 2 kawai da su. Ya yi muhawara tare da Djibouti a 2–1 2022 na cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA a kan Eswatini a ranar 4 ga watan Satumbar 2019.
Girmamawa
LLB Ilimi
Manazarta
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Kathmandu
Kathmandu (lafazi : /katmandu/) birni ne, da ke a ƙasar Nepal. Shi ne babban birnin ƙasar Nepal. Kathmandu yana da yawan jama'a miliyan biyu da dubu dari biyar, bisa ga jimillar 2019. An gina birnin Kathmandu a karni na takwas kafin haihuwar Annabi Issa.
Mohamed Awal
Mohamed Awal (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga watan Mayun shekarar 1988) shi ne ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ghana wanda a yanzu yake buga wa Gokulam Kerala FC a gasar I-League.
Klub din
Awal ya fara aikin sa ne tare da Makarantar Feyenoord. A 10 Yulin shekarata 2010, ya koma ASEC Mimosas a matsayin aro. Bayan dawowarsa a Nuwamba Nuwamban shekarar 2010 zuwa Feyenoord Academy, an sayar da shi ga Asante Kotoko. A watan Agustan shekarar 2012, Awal ya koma kungiyar Maritzburg United ta Premier League ta Afirka ta Kudu.
A ranar 8 Agustan shekarar 2016, Ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin shekara ɗaya tare da Arsenal Tula, tare da zaɓi na biyu, tare da Arsenal Tula. Kulob din da ya gabata, Raja Casablanca, bai aika da takardun canjin lokacin ba don Awal ya yi rajista a Arsenal Tula tare da Premier League ta Rasha a ranar 31 ga watan Agusta, kuma an ruwaito a ranar 7 ga Satumbar shekarar 2016 cewa Arsenal na shirin sokewa. kwangilarsa.
Ayyukan duniya
A ranar 31 ga Disambar 2010, an kira shi ya zama Babban dan wasan kungiyar kwallon kafa ta Ghana don CAF Tournament. Ya taka leda a wasannin share fagen cin Kofin Duniya na 2014 tare da Kofin Kasashen Afirka.
Adem Atay
Adem Atay (an haife a shekara ta 1985) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila da na ƙasar Turkiyya ne.
Julia Sakara
Julia Sakala (an Haife ta a ranar 12 ga watan Yuli 1969) ƴar wasan tseren middle-distance runner ce ta kasar Zimbabwe. Julia Sakala ta kasance tana tsayawa takara a kamfanin sarrafa masaka David Whitehead a Chegutu. Ta sami lambobin zinare da yawa a farkon shekarun 1980 zuwa ƙarshen 1990s. Ta wakilci Zimbabwe musamman a tseren tagulla na mita 800 a wasannin 1995 na Afirka duka (All-African Games).
Majalisar Malaman Afrika
Majalisar Malaman Afrika majalissar malamai ce dake nahiyar Afirka a kudancin sahara.