cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Makarantar horar da gandun daji ta Yale (YSE)
Tarihi
Bayan dazuzzuka na makarantar, Yale ya yi amfani da wasu wurare da dama a gabashin Amurka don ilimin fage tsawon shekaru. Daga shekarar 1904 zuwa 1926, an gudanar da zaman bazara wanda ya kai ga digiri na biyu a fannin gandun daji a Grey Towers and Forester's Hall a Milford, Pennsylvania. Tun daga shekarata 1912, azuzuwan Yale sun ɗauki balaguron balaguro na lokaci-lokaci zuwa ƙasar Kamfanin Crossett Lumber a Arkansas. Tsawon shekaru 20 daga 1946 zuwa 1966, kamfanin ya samar wa makarantar "sansanin," ciki har da ɗakunan gidaje da ɗakin dakuna, da aka yi amfani da su a lokacin aikin bazara a kan kula da gandun daji da samar da kayan itace. Daliban Yale kuma sun yi amfani da sansanin filin a Great Mountain Forest a arewa maso yammacin Connecticut tun shekarar 1941.
Dangane da faɗaɗa nau'ikan buƙatun muhalli, makarantar ta canza suna zuwa Makarantar Yale na Gandun daji & Nazarin Muhalli a cikin shekarar 1972. A yau, YSE ita ce jagora a dorewar duniya, tana karbar bakuncin taron Dorewar Muhalli na Yale na shekara biyu don tara shugabannin tunani daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Shugaban makarantar na 16 da na yanzu shine Ingrid "Indy" Burke, wanda ya maye gurbin Sir Peter Crane a watan Oktoba, shekarata 2016. Makarantar ta canza sunanta zuwa Makarantar Yale na Muhalli a cikin Yuli 2020 kuma, a cikin makarantar, ta ƙirƙiri wata takamaiman Makarantar daji tare da kwazo da digiri. Hakanan tana koyar da darussan karatun digiri na Kwalejin Yale da ake buƙata don manyan Nazarin Muhalli.
Gine-ginen makaranta
Makarantar tana ba da darussa a Kroon Hall, Sage Hall, Greeley Labs, Marsh Hall, Cibiyar Kimiyyar Muhalli, da kuma gidajen da ke 301 Prospect St. da 380 Edwards St. Kroon Hall, babban ginin makarantar, mai suna Richard Kroon mai ba da taimako. (Yale Class na 1964). Ginin yana 50000 sqft  sarari. Yana da "baje kolin sabbin abubuwan da suka faru a fasahar gine-ginen kore, yanayi mai lafiya da tallafi don aiki da karatu, da kyakkyawan ginin da ke haɗa kai da ɗalibai, malamai, ma'aikata, da baƙi tare da duniyar halitta." Ginin ya sami ƙimar Platinum a ƙarƙashin tsarin takaddun shaida na LEED. Hopkins Architects na London ne ya tsara shi tare da Architect of Record Centerbrook Architects &amp; Planners. Goodfellow Inc daga Delson, Quebec, ya ba da tsarin rufin glulam don wannan aikin.
Ajele Cemetery
Makabartar Ajele wata babbar makabarta ce a tsibirin Legas da gwamnatin sojan jihar Legas karkashin Brigadier Mobolaji Johnson ta rushe a shekarun 1970. Ajele a harshen Yarbanci yana nufin jami'in gudanarwa na gwamnati kuma an sanya sunan makabartar ne saboda yawancin jami'an mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya da aka binne a wurin.
Makarantar horar da gandun daji ta Yale (YSE)
Dajin makaranta
Makarantar ta mallaki kuma tana sarrafa 10880 acre  na gandun daji a cikin Connecticut, New Hampshire, da Vermont. Dajin Yale Myers, a cikin Union, Connecticut, wanda aka ba da gudummawa ga Yale a cikin 1930 ta tsohuwar tsohuwar George Hewitt Myers, makarantar tana sarrafa shi azaman gandun daji mai amfani da yawa. Yale-Toumey Forest, kusa da Keene, New Hampshire, James W. Toumey (tsohon shugaban makarantar) ne ya kafa shi a cikin shekarar 1913. Sauran gandun daji na Yale sun hada da Goss Woods, dajin Crowell, Cross Woods, Bowen Forest, da Crowell Ravine. Wata gobara mai ƙararrawa uku ta kona gine-gine da dama a cikin sansanin dajin Yale Myers a ranar 28 ga Mayu, shekarata 2016. An sake gina gine-ginen sansanin da aka lalata da kuma sabuwar cibiyar bincike a cikin shekarar 2017.
Ajele Cemetery
Rushewa
Birgediya Mobolaji Johnson, gwamnan soji na jihar Legas ya rusa makabartar Ajele a watan Disamba 1971 domin ya zama sakatariyar jihar Legas. Rushewar ya fuskanci suka da yawa kuma masana tarihi da masu sharhi da yawa sun lura da asarar tarihi mai mahimmanci. Farfesa JDY Peel ya lura cewa rushewar ya hana "'yan Legas ba kawai wani wuri mai daraja a cikin tsakiyar birnin ba amma na tunawa da kakanninsu". Wanda ya lashe kyautar Nobel Wole Soyinka ya kira rushewar "cin zarafin da aka yi wa wannan wuri na kakanni" yana mai cewa "umarni ya fito ne daga gwamnan soja: 'Ka tono matattu da kakannin da aka manta da su, ka dasa ginin majalisa na zamani-tare da duk abubuwan da suka dace a wannan wuri mai ban tsoro".
Makarantar horar da gandun daji ta Yale (YSE)
Rayuwar dalibi
Makarantar tana da al'ada mai aiki na shigar ɗalibi a cikin ilimi da rayuwar ƙarin manhaja. Dalibai da yawa suna shiga cikin ƙungiyoyin sha'awar ɗalibi, waɗanda ke tsara abubuwan da suka faru game da batutuwan muhalli masu sha'awa. Waɗannan ƙungiyoyin suna da sha'awa daga Kuɗi na Kare da Ci gaban Ƙasashen Duniya, zuwa Gina Muhalli da "Fresh & Salty: Society for Marine and Coastal Systems". Haka kuma akwai kungiyoyin jin dadin jama’a da na nishadi, kamar kungiyar daji, wacce a duk ranar Juma’a ta kan shirya masu taken “TGIF” (“Na gode wa Allah-I’m-a-Forester”) na sa’o’i na farin ciki da bukukuwan makaranta; kulob din Polar Bear, wanda ke iyo kowane wata a Long Island Sound a karkashin cikakken wata (shekara-shekara); Abincin Abincin Veggie, wanda shine kulob din cin ganyayyaki na mako-mako; Loggerrhythms, ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta cappella; da BYO Café na dalibi a Kroon Hall ya buɗe a shekarata 2010. Sananniyar al'adar YSE ita ce ƙawancin ƙawancin muhalli na ado na iya karatun digiri a shirye-shiryen farawa.
Robert Patrick Baffour
Robert Patrick Baffour, OBE, OV (14 ga Mayu 1912 - 6 ga Yuni 1993), injiniyan ƙasar Ghana ne, ɗan siyasa kuma mai kula da jami'a wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kwame Nkrumah (KNUST). Ya kuma kasance jagora a ilimin injiniya a Ghana.
Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Robert Patrick Baffour (aka Papa Andoh) a ranar 14 ga Mayu 1912 a Elmina. Mahaifinsa yana hidimar Ma'aikatan Burtaniya a Najeriya a matsayin Jagoran Makarantu. Shi ne ɗan fari na Robert Patrick Baffour Andoh da Maria Frederica Adwoa Kane (Okai).
Kakan mahaifinsa shine Cif Kweku Andoh na Elmina wanda yayi aiki a yakin Sir Garnet Wolseley akan Prempeh I, Sarkin Ashanti. An nada shi sarautar jihar Edina bayan korar Cif Kobina Gyan da Turawan Ingila suka yi. Kakar mahaifin Baffour ita ce babbar 'yar Yaa Na Yakubu I na kabilar Dagomba mai suna Napari. Chief Andoh ya kubutar da ita daga Ashanti yayin kamfen din Prempeh kuma an sanya mata suna Efua Yendi. An kuma san ta da Nana Awuyea.
Kakan mahaifiyarsa shine Cif Nii Kofi Okai na yankin Gbese, Accra, wanda aka fi sani da Joseph H. Kane. Yana da aiki a matsayin malami kuma dan kasuwa. Baffour shi ma jikan George Emil Eminsang ne, wanda shi ne lauya na farko da ya fara karatu a Yammacin Turai a Gold Coast.
Tsakanin 1917 da 1926, Baffour ya halarci makarantu daban -daban a Ghana da Najeriya: Makarantar Katolika a Elmina, Makarantar Gwamnatin Okar a Najeriya da Kwalejin Richmond.
Baffour ya halarci Makarantar Mfantsipim kuma ya sami Takaddar Sakandare ta Cambridge tare da kebe daga Matriculation na London. Bayan kammala karatun sakandare, ya sami babbar daraja ta musamman da ta zo na farko a jarrabawar farar hula ta zamaninsa. Amma duk da haka maimakon shiga aikin farar hula na Burtaniya, ya zaɓi ya ci gaba da karatunsa a Kwalejin Achimota don yin karatun injiniya, inda Charles Deakin, malamin injiniyan kafa a makarantar ya koyar da shi. Ya zama ɗan ƙasar Ghana na farko da ya sami digiri na Jami'ar London a injiniyan injiniya a ƙasar Ghana.
Injiniya da hidimar jama'a
Baffour ya fara aikinsa tare da layin dogo na Gold Coast sannan daga baya ya zama malamin injiniya a Makarantar Achimota. Daga cikin abubuwan da ya ƙirƙira da sababbin abubuwa akwai ' Descender gear ', na'urar hana zamewa don zirga-zirgar ababen hawa, '250 classes locomotive ' da na'urar kewaya ta jirgin sama.
Ya kuma rike mukaman gudanarwa da dama a cikin aikin farar hula, daga ciki akwai na Babban Sakataren Ma’aikatar Sufuri da Sadarwa. Ya taka rawar gani wajen zabar wuraren da za a gina madatsar ruwan Akosombo, da tsarawa da fadada birnin Tema da Harbour, da aikin tashar jiragen ruwa na kamun kifi na Elmina baya ga kafuwar Kwalejin Nautical da Black Star Line. Lokacin da Baffour yayi aiki a majalisar birnin Accra, ya shiga cikin kera motoci, musamman motocin  'Ewurakua' da  'King Kong'. Ya kuma kasance cikin shirin tsara Kaneshie Estates ta amfani da fasahar gini da aka riga aka ƙera.
A lokacin aikinsa, Baffour ya rike manyan mukamai da dama, ciki har da a matsayin shugaban hukumar hadakar karfe da karafa da kuma shugaban farko na hukumar makamashin nukiliya ta Ghana. Ya kasance mai motsawa a cikin tara kuɗi don Opon Manse Karfe Ayyuka.
Mataimakin shugaban jami'a
Daga ƙarshe a lokacin mulkin Nkrumah, ya kasance babban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo don canza Kwalejin Fasaha ta Kumasi zuwa Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kwame Nkrumah a 1960, ya zama mataimakiyar shugabanta na farko a 1961. Baffour yayi aiki a matsayin mataimakin kansila na KNUST daga 1961 zuwa 1967. Wannan ya biyo bayan yayi aiki a matsayin shugaban magabacin jami'ar daga 1960 zuwa 1961.
Siyasa
Nkrumah ya shafe shi ya zama magajinsa. Sai dai abin takaici, bayan rashin jituwa da sauran membobin jam’iyyar, an kori Baffour daga jam’iyyar. A 1979, ya yi takara a matsayin ɗan takara mai zaman kansa a zaɓen shugaban ƙasa.
Kyaututtuka da karramawa
An ba shi lambar yabo ta OBE a karramawar Sarauniya a shekarar 1953. A shekarar 1979, gwamnatin Ghana ta saka masa jari da Order of Volta. KNUST ta yi masa ado da digirin girmamawa a kimiyya.
Mutuwa
R.P Baffour ya mutu a Elmina saboda dalilai na halitta a ranar 6 ga Yuni 1993, yana da shekaru 81. An binne shi a makabartar Holland ta Elmina.
Desmond De-Graft Paitoo
Desmond De-Graft Paitoo (an haife shi 21 ga Agustan shekarata 1969) ɗan siyasan Ghana ne wanda a halin yanzu yake aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisa mai wakiltar mazabar Gomoa ta Gabas.
Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Desmond De-Graft a ranar 21 ga watan Agustan 1969 kuma ya fito ne daga garin Gomoa Dasum a yankin tsakiyar kasar Ghana. Desmond De-Graft yana da MSLC ɗin sa a cikin 1987, City da Guild Intermediate a Injiniyan Injiniya a cikin 1991 da Digirinsa a cikin Gudanar da Sarkar Kaya (Sayyayawa) a cikin 2018.
Aiki
Desmond De-Graft shine Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa (Shugaba) na Desreen Shipping and Logistics. Shi mai jigilar kaya ne.
Rayuwar siyasa
Desmond De-Graft memba ne na National Democratic Congress. Ya tsaya takara kuma ya lashe zaben fidda gwani na ‘yan majalisar dokoki na NDC na mazabar Gomoa ta Gabas a yankin tsakiyar Ghana.
Zaben 2020
Desmond De-graft ya lashe kujerar majalisar wakilai na mazabar Gomoa ta Gabas a babban zaben Ghana na 2020 a kan tikitin jam'iyyar National Democratic Congress da kuri'u 36,637 da ya samu kashi 49.46% na yawan kuri'un da aka kada don shiga majalisar ta takwas (8) ta jamhuriya ta hudu. Ghana ta doke Kojo Asemanyi na New Patriotic Party wanda ya samu kuri'u 135,873 ya samu kashi 48.42% na yawan kuri'un da aka kada, Samuel Kofi Essel na GUM wanda ya samu kuri'u 1,397 ya samu kashi 1.89% na jimillar kuri'un da aka kada da Emmanuel Otchere na UPP wanda shi ma ya samu kuri'u 173. yin kashi 0.23% na yawan kuri'un da aka kada.
Kwamitoci
Desmond De-Graft memba ne na kwamitin majalisar. Har ila yau, mamba ne na Kwamitin Abinci, Noma da Koka na Majalisar Takwas (8th) na Jamhuriyyar Ghana ta Hudu.
Rayuwa ta sirri
Desmond De-Graft Kirista ne.
Tallafawa
A watan Janairun 2022, ya yi alkawarin tallafa wa gina cibiyar kiwon lafiya tare da kayayyakin asibiti da sauran kayayyaki a Dampase da ke yankin tsakiyar kasar.
Muhammed Babandede
An haifi Muhammed Babandede a jihar Jigawa a shekara ta 1963 shi ne Kwanturola Janar na Hukumar Kula da Shige da Fice ta Ƙasa (NIS), kafin Shugaba Muhammadu Buhari ya naɗa shi, ya kasance Mataimakin Kwanturola Janar (DCG) na NIS, Operations & Passports.
Babandede yana da digiri na farko a fannin tarihi da ilimin addinin Musulunci, ya yi digiri na biyu a fannin shari'a da shari'a a jami'ar Ahmadu Bello da ke ABU Zaria.
Ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin Kwanturola Janar ACG fasfo a hedikwatar shige da fice. Nadin nasa ya zo ne bayan shugaban ƙasa Mohammadu Buhari ya kori tsohon shugaban hukumar shige da fice Martin Abeshi.
Babandede ya kamu da cutar COVID-19 bayan ya dawo daga Burtaniya a ranar 22 ga Maris 2020.
Antoine Makoumbou
Aikin kulob/Ƙungiya
Domin rabin na biyu na kakar 2017-18, Makoumbou ya sanya hannu kan Ajaccio B a cikin rukuni na biyar na Faransa bayan ya taka leda a makarantar matasa na Faransa Ligue 1 Monaco.
A shekarar 2020, Makoumbou ya rattaba hannu kan Tabor Sežana a babban jirgin saman Slovenia bayan ya buga wasa a Mainz 05 II, ajiyar kulub din Bundesliga na Jamus Mainz 05.
A ranar 20 ga Yuli 2021, ya koma Maribor akan lamuni na tsawon lokaci. A lokacin kakar wasa, Maribor ya kunna zaɓi don siye kuma ya sanya canja wurin dindindin.
Ayyukan kasa da kasa
An haife shi a Faransa, Makoumbou dan asalin Congo ne. Ya fara buga wa babbar tawagar kasar Kongo wasa a wasan sada zumunci da suka doke Nijar da ci 1-0 a ranar 9 ga Yuni 2021.
Bikin Eguadoto
Bikin Eguadoto biki ne na shekara -shekara wanda sarakuna da mutanen Fantes ke yi a yankin tsakiyar Ghana. Yawanci ana yin bikin ne a cikin watan Agusta. Hakanan mutanen Gomoa Ajumako kusa da Apam suna yin bikin. Hakanan mutanen Gomoa Pomadze suna yin bikin.
Muhimmanci
Ana yin wannan biki don tsarkake kujerun kakanni kuma yana nuna farkon farayar doya da ƙarshen lokacin yunwa.
Fritz Baffour
Fritz Baffour (an haife shi 11 ga Satan Maris 1952) ɗan jaridar Ghana ne, ɗan siyasa kuma mashawarci a kan harkar sadarwa. Ya kasance dan majalisa mai wakiltar mazabar Ablekuma ta kudu a majalisar Ghana kuma ministan yada labarai a lokacin mulkin Mills.
Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Baffour a Accra, babban birnin Ghana. Mahaifinsa shine R. P. Baffour, masanin ilimi kuma ɗaya daga cikin injiniyoyin injiniyan ƙasar Ghana na farko da kuma Mataimakin Shugaban Ghana na farko na Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kwame Nkrumah. Mahaifiyarsa ungozoma ce. Ya yi karatun sakandare a Kwalejin Prempeh da Makarantar Sakandare ta Fasaha, duk a Kumasi a Yankin Ashanti na Ghana. Ya samu takardar shaidar GCE Talakawa a 1968. Ilimin sa na shida ya kasance a Kwalejin City of Bath a Somerset a Burtaniya tsakanin 1972 zuwa 1974, yana kammalawa tare da takardar shaidar GCE Advanced Level. Baffour ya kuma halarci Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Bristol tsakanin 1974 zuwa 1976. Fritz Baffour ya yi digiri na biyu a Nazarin Sadarwa daga Jami'ar Leicester tsakanin 2007 zuwa 2012.
Aiki
Baffour yayi aikin jarida. Ya kasance furodusa tare da Gidan Talabijin na Ghana, tashar talabijin ta mallakar Gidan Rediyon Ghana a matsayin furodusa da darakta. Ya kuma yi aiki tare da Gidan Talabijin na Laberiya, Gidan Talabijin na Najeriya, Tyne Tees TV UK, Diverse Production a UK da Back to Back Productions USA. Ya kuma kasance mai ba da shawara ga kafofin watsa labarai na gwamnatin Jerry Rawlings.
Siyasa
Baffour ya kasance tare da National Democratic Congress daga kafuwarta a shekarar 1991. Ya zama dan majalisa a watan Janairun 2009 bayan ya lashe kujerar Ablekuma ta Kudu a zaben majalisar Ghana a 2008. Shugaba John Atta Mills ne ya nada shi ministan yada labarai a 2012.
Sammir
Jorge Sammir Cruz Campos (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga watan Afrilu shekarar 1987), wanda aka fi sani da Sammir, ɗan ƙasar Brazil ne kuma tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa wanda ya taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya mai kai hari. An haife shi a Brazil, Sammir ya zama ɗan ƙasar Croatia kuma an buga shi sau bakwai don ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Croatia. An zabe shi don gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA shekarar 2014.
Ajwad bin Zamil
Ajwad bin Zamil bin Saif Al-Uqaili (1418 - 1496 Miladiyya) sarki ne wanda ya mulki kasashen gabashin tsbirin larabawa da ya hada da Ahsa' da Bahren. Yayi mulki ne karkashin daular da aka fi sani da "Al-imarah Al-Jabriyya".
Nasabarshi
Sunanshi Ajwad bin Zamil bin Saif Al-Uqaili Al-jabri. Ya shahara ne da sunan Ibn Jabr (Dan Jabr) saboda sunan kakanshi. Kuma dan asalin yankin Najd ne tare da kuma kasancewa akan mazjabar malikiyya.
Sammir
Brazil
A cikin  Watan Disamba na shekarar 2005 Sammir ya shiga Paulista shi ma a yarjejeniyar wucin gadi. Bayan ya yi ƙoƙari ya nemo wurinsa, ya koma Furacão a cikin watan Afrilu shekarar  2006,  kuma an sake shi a watan Agusta.
Ajwad bin Zamil
Nasabarshi
An haife shi a garin Alhasa a watan Ramadan shekara ta 1418 Miladiyya.
Sammir
Brazil
A cikin watan Satumba shekarar 2006 Sammir ya shiga Venda Nova, kulob din dan kasuwa, nan da nan an ba shi rancen zuwa São Caetano. Ya bayyana akai-akai ga gefe a cikin watanni biyu.
Ajwad bin Zamil
Rayuwarshi
Sultan Ajwad bin Zamil al-Jabri ya kasance mai addini, kuma yana da dabi'ar karantar fikihu. Hakan yasa ya jajirce wajen gudanar da ayyukan addinin Musulunci, kamar sallar Juma'a da halartar jam'i, kuma ya yi aikin Hajji fiye da sau daya.
Siffofinsa
Yawancin littafan da suka yi bayani akan rayuwar Sarki Ajwad suna nune cewa ya kasance mutum ne mai kyawawan dabi'u. Sannan ya shahara a fagen hawan doki da yawan kyauta.
Sammir
Dinamo Zagreb
A ranar 6 ga watan Nuwamba shekarar 2006 Sammir ya shiga Dinamo Zagreb a kan aro har zuwa karshen kakar wasa. Ya fara buga wa kulob din wasa a ranar 17 ga watan Maris shekarar 2007 a wasan lig da Rijeka.
A karshen kakar wasa ta bana, Sammir ya buga wasanni gwagwalad goma sha daya a kungiyar kuma ya zura kwallo a ragar Slaven Belupo. Ya kuma buga wasanni hudu a gasar cin kofin Croatian 2006–07. A kakar wasansa ta farko da kungiyar Sammir ya riga ya lashe gasar lig da kofin, wanda shi ne karo na farko da kungiyar ta lashe sau uku a jere daga shekarar 2007 zuwa shekara ta 2009.
Ajwad bin Zamil
Hawansa Mulki
Manazarta sun yi ssabani akan sherar da sarki Ajwad ya hau karagar mulki. Hakan yasa wasu daga cikin su suka fi karkata kan cewa ya hau mulki ne a shekara ta 875 (Hijriyya) wanda yayi daidai da 1470 miladiyya.
Masarautarsa ​​ta kasance a farkon karni na goma, kamar yadda ta kasance a ƙauyen Al-Manizla, a cikin Al-Ahsa a yau, kuma fadarsa tana yamma da ƙauyen da ake da su har zuwa yanzu.
Sammir
2009-10 kakar
A ranar 16 ga watan Agusta, a farkon kakar shekarar 2009–10, Sammir ya zura hat – dabaran sa na farko ga Dinamo a nasarar da suka yi a gida da ci 5 – 0 da NK Osijek, ya mai da fanareti biyu da bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida. Kulob din ya kasa kare kofin gasar a waccan lokacin, amma ya ci kofin gasar karo na biyar a jere. Sammir ya taimaka da wasanni 26 a gasar lig da kwallaye biyar. Ya buga wasanni shida a gasar cin kofin Croatian 2009–10, kuma ya fito a dukkan wasannin kungiyar na Turai, yana wasa a dukkan wasannin hudu na gasar zakarun Turai na 2009–10 da kuma a duk wasannin takwas na 2009–10 UEFA Europa League. Gaba daya dai ya buga wasanni 46 kuma ya zura kwallaye shida a kungiyar.
Ajwad bin Zamil
Hawansa Mulki
A shekara ta 912 bayan hijira Ibn Zamil ya yi hajjin taron fiye da dubu talatin.
Mutuwa
Sarki Ajwad bin Zamil ya rasu a shekara ta 1496 M, sannan dan cikinsa Muhammad shi ya gaje shi.
Sammir
2012-13 kakar
A cikin Shekarar 2012-2013 kakar, ya zira kwallaye 8 a raga a cikin matches 7, 6 daga cikinsu sun kasance daga bugun fanareti a Prva HNL. Ya bayyana a kowane wasa na gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai na UEFA Champion, sai dai wasan bako da NK Maribor. A watan Mayun Shekarar 2011, ya kasance yana yin liyafa a clubs 'yan kwanaki kaɗan kafin wasan, wanda ya tsananta kocin GNK Dinamo Zagreb Ante Čačić, wanda ya haifar da dakatar da kulob din shi da Jerko Leko. . Ya nemi afuwa, ya koma cikin tawagar, kuma ya bayyana a duk wasannin 6 na Dinamo Zagreb a matakin rukuni na 2012–13 UEFA Champions League.
Getafe
A ranar 31 ga watan Janairu shekarar 2014 Sammir ya rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar shekara uku da rabi tare da Getafe CF na La Liga. Ya buga wasansa na farko a gasar a ranar 1 ga watan Maris, wanda ya zo a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin na biyu a wasan da suka tashi 0-0 a gida da RCD Espanyol.
Sammir ya bayyana a wasanni takwas yayin da kungiyar da ke wajen Madrid din ta kaucewa faduwa. A ranar 24 ga watan Agusta shekarar 2014 ya zira kwallaye na farko ga Azulones, amma a cikin asarar 1-3 a Celta de Vigo.
Jiangsu Sainty
A ranar 27 ga watan Fabrairu, shekarar 2015 Sammir ya koma China, inda ya koma Jiangsu Sainty a yarjejeniyar shekaru uku. A ranar 15 ga watan Yuli shekarar 2016, an ba shi rance ga Hangzhou Greentown na rabin shekara.
Wasanni Recife
A cikin Watan Fabrairu shekarar 2019, Sammir ya shiga Sport Recife, amma kulob din ya sake shi bayan 'yan watanni.
Lokomotiva
A watan Agusta Shekarar 2019, ya sake komawa Prva HNL, ya sanya hannu kan Lokomotiva. A ranar 1 ga watan Maris shekarar 2021, kocin Lokomotiva Jerko Leko ya bayyana cewa Sammir da abokin wasansa Nikica Jelavić sun yanke shawarar yin ritaya daga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ƙungiyar ta mutunta shawararsu.
Ayyukan kasa da kasa
Bayan ya bayyana a Brazil a karkashin 17 da kuma matakan kasa da 18,  Sammir ya bayyana sha'awarsa ta buga wa tawagar kwallon kafa ta Croatia bayan ya rike fasfo na Croatia. A ranar 27 ga Satumba 2012, an kira Sammir don buga wa Croatia wasa don wasannin da Wales da Macedonia. Ya fara buga wasansa na farko a ranar 12 ga watan Oktoba shekarar 2012 a matsayin wanda ya maye gurbin Nikica Jelavić na mintuna na 65 a wasan da suka yi da Macedonia, inda suka ci 2-1.
An zabe shi ne don gwagwalad tawagar Croatia don gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA 2014 a kasarsa Brazil, a matsayin daya daga cikin 'yan wasan Brazil biyu a cikin tawagar tare da Eduardo da Silva. Babu wanda ya buga wasan farko da masu masaukin baki, amma Sammir ya fara wasa na biyu, inda aka doke Kamaru da ci –. Ya buga minti 72 kafin a tafi da shi Mateo Kovačić. Bayan kammala gasar, ba aH yi masa kiranye ba a nan gaba ga tawagar kasar.
Girmamawa
Dinamo Zagreb
Jiangsu Sainty
Mutum
Mohammed Tasiu Ibrahim
Mohammed Tasiu Ibrahim (an haife shi ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1961). Manjo Janar ne na sojan Najeriya mai ritaya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Kwamanda na 27 a Kwalejin Tsaro ta Najeriya. An naɗa shi Kwamanda a watan Yulin 2015 ta hannun babban hafsan sojin ƙasa, Maj-Gen Tukur Yusuf Buratai  wanda ya gaji Manjo Janar Muhammad Inuwa Idris.
Tarihin rayuwa da Ilimi
An haifi jenar Ibrahim a ranar 1 ga watan Oktoban 1961, a Gumel, Jihar Jigawa. Ya halarci makarantar firamare ta Gumel Gabas a garin Gumel sannan ya kammala firamare a Tudun-jukun Primary School Zaria 1974. Ya wuce Makarantar Sakandaren Gwamnati ta Giwa, Zaria daga 1974 zuwa 1979 inda ya samu takardar shedar Sakandare ta Yammacin Afrika (WAEC).
Aiki
Bayan ya yi aiki na shekara guda (tsakanin 1979 zuwa 1980) da First Bank of Nigeria da ke Kano ya shiga makarantar horas da sojoji ta Najeriya a matsayin memba na kwas na 29 na yau da kullun (ciki har da sauran hafsoshi irin su Tukur Yusuf Buratai ) daga Janairu 1981 zuwa Disamba 1983., lokacin da ya karɓi kwamandan aikin sojan Nijeriya a matsayin Laftanar na biyu.
Sana'a
Janar Ibrahim ya taɓa riƙe mukamin Babban Hafsan Hafsoshin Sojan Najeriya na Sashen Tattalin Arziki na Kasa kafin a naɗa shi Kwamandan NDA. Ya yi ritaya daga aikin sojan Najeriya a watan Oktobar 2017.
Laifukan Muhalli
Laifukan muhalli yana mai da hankali kan tsarin aikata laifuka a cikin takamaiman mahalli da aka gina kuma tana nazarin tasirin waɗannan masu canjin waje akan halaye na mutane. Ya zama wani ɓangare na Makarantar Positivist ta laifuka ta yadda ake amfani da hanyar kimiyya don bincika al'ummar da ke haifar da laifi.
Ka'idar
Laifukan muhalli sune nazarin laifuka, aikata laifuka, da cin zarafi kamar yadda suke da alaƙa, na farko, zuwa wurare na musamman, na biyu kuma, kan yadda daidaikun mutane da ƙungiyoyi suke tsara ayyukansu ta sararin samaniya, kuma a yin haka yakan rinjayi tushen wuri ko tushensu. abubuwan sarari.
A cikin shekara ta 1971, C. Ray Jeffery ya buga "Rigakafin Laifukan Ta hanyar Tsarin Muhalli", wanda a ciki ya yi nazari kan rawar da mahalli ke takawa wajen aikata laifuka tare da ba da shawarar dabaru iri-iri na rage laifuka ta hanyar gyaggyara muhallin gaggawa. Ya kuma kirkiro kalmar "criminology na muhalli".
A cikin shekaru goma sha biyar na buga littafin Jeffery, yawancin hanyoyin ilimin kimiyyar muhalli sun bayyana, tare da ci gaba da yawa akan waɗannan tushe.
Ɗaya daga cikin irin wannan tsarin laifuffukan muhalli an haɓaka shi a cikin shekara ta 1980s, ta hanyar Paul da Patricia Brantingham, suna mai da hankali kan binciken laifuka akan muhalli ko abubuwan mahallin da zasu iya tasiri ayyukan aikata laifuka. Waɗannan sun haɗa da sarari (geography), lokaci, doka, mai laifi, da wanda aka yi niyya ko wanda aka azabtar. Wadannan sassa guda biyar sun zama wajibi kuma isassun sharadi, domin idan ba tare da daya ba, sauran hudun, ko da a hade, ba za su zama wani laifi ba. (  Duk da bayyanannen nau'ikan laifuffuka iri-iri, malamai da masu aiki sukan yi ƙoƙarin yin nazarin su daban. Misali, lauyoyi da masana kimiyyar siyasa suna mai da hankali kan yanayin shari'a; Masana ilimin zamantakewa, masana ilimin halayyar dan adam da kungiyoyin kare hakkin jama'a gaba ɗaya suna duban masu laifi da waɗanda abin ya shafa, yayin da masu ilimin ƙasa ke mai da hankali kan wurin taron. Masu binciken muhalli suna bincikar wurin da lokacin da laifin ya faru. Suna sha'awar amfani da ƙasa, tsarin zirga-zirga da ƙirar titi, da ayyukan yau da kullun da motsin waɗanda abin ya shafa da masu laifi. Masu aikata laifukan muhalli sukan yi amfani da taswirori don nemo tsarin aikata laifuka, misali, ta amfani da metric topology. (
Aikace-aikace masu amfani
Nazarin yanayin sararin samaniya na laifuka da aikata laifuka yana da dogon tarihi. A cikin Makarantar Chicago, Robert Ezra Park, Ernest Burgess, da sauran masana ilimin zamantakewa na birane sun tsara yanki mai mahimmanci, kuma sun yi la'akari da abubuwan da ke cikin yanki a cikin nazarin laifin yara.
Hakanan an yi la'akari da yanayin ƙasa a cikin tilasta bin doka, ta hanyar amfani da manyan taswirori don nuna inda aka samu aikata laifuka. Taswirori da nazarin laifuffuka yanzu sun shiga wani sabon yanayi tare da yin amfani da tsarin taswirar laifuka ta kwamfuta ta 'yan sanda da masu bincike, tare da ka'idodin laifukan muhalli suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a yadda ake fahimtar tsarin laifuka. Fasaha taswirar laifuka ta ba wa jami'an tsaro damar tattara bayanan da za su nuna tarihin abubuwan da suka faru na laifuka a cikin yanki. Wannan dabarar ta tabbatar da cewa tana da amfani sosai idan ana maganar sanar da jami’an inda aka yi laifi, da yanke shawarar ba da kayan aiki, da tantance sahihancin, sanar da al’umma game da aikata laifuka, da kuma gano inda kira ke fitowa daga wani yanki. (  Sauran aikace-aikace masu amfani na ka'idar laifukan muhalli sun haɗa da bayanan yanki, wanda aka tsara akan ra'ayin cewa masu aikata laifuka sunyi la'akari da abubuwan da suka shafi yanki wajen yanke shawarar inda za su aikata laifuka.
Rigakafin laifuka ta hanyar ƙirar muhalli (CPTED) wani aikace-aikace ne mai amfani, dangane da taken littafin da Jeffery ya wallafa a baya, yana haɓaka ra'ayin cewa abubuwan da ke faruwa kamar yanayi (rashin haske ko ƙira na wurare dabam dabam ) na iya sa aikata laifi ya fi yiwuwa. faruwa a wani lokaci da wuri. Matakan CPTED don rage yuwuwar na iya haɗawa da ƙarin haske, sanya wurin ya zama mara amfani ga aikata laifuka.
Abubuwan da aka tattara na manyan laifuka, waɗanda aka sani da wuraren zafi, na iya samun abubuwan yanayi waɗanda ke taimakawa bayyana dalilin da yasa takamaiman wurin ke da matsala. Wataƙila wurin ba shi da kulawa sosai, yana da “gurnar wurin” mara kyau, yana da ƙarancin haske ko wasu halaye. Canza wasu abubuwan da ke faruwa na iya taimakawa wajen rage yawan laifuka a wurin.
Juliet Acheampong
Juliet Acheampong (an haife ta 11 ga watan Yulin 1991) 'yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta mata ta ƙasar Ghana wacce ke buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta ƙasar Ghana. Tana wasa da fasaha don Ånge IF a cikin Swedish Damallsvenskan.
Aikin kasa da kasa
A matsayinta na memba a kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Ghana, ta fafata a gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2014.
Kasa da kasa
Ghana
Gaius Makouta
Gaius Makouta (an haife shi 25 Yuli 1997) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya a ƙungiyar Boavista ta Portugal. An haife shi a Faransa, yana wakiltar tawagar kasar Kongo.
Aikin kulob/Ƙungiya
A cikin Janairu 2020 an ba da Makouta aro ga Beroe.
A ranar 27 ga watan Yuni 2021, ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru uku tare da Boavista.
Ayyukan kasa da kasa
An haife shi a Faransa kuma ɗan asalin Jamhuriyar Kongo, Makouta an kira shi zuwa Kongo a watan Oktoba 2019.
Rayuwa ta sirri
Shi jikan Jean-Pierre Makouta-Mboukou, ɗan siyasan Kongo kuma sanannen marubuci kuma mai bincike a fannin ilimin harshe.
Assia Zouhair
Assia Zouhair ( آسِيَة زُهَيْر,  an haife ta a ranar 30 ga watan Afrilu shekarar 1991) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Morocco wanda kuma ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida ga Chabab Atlas Khénifra da ƙungiyar mata ta ƙasar Maroko.
Aikin kulob
Zouhair ya buga wa kungiyar CAK ta Gwagwalad Morocco wasa.
Ayyukan kasa da kasa
Zouhair ya buga wa gwagwalad Maroko a babban gwagwalad mataki.
Manazarta
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Amanda Milling
Amanda Anne Milling (an Haife ta 12 ha watan Maris 1975) Yar siyasa ce Biritaniya wacce ke aiki a matsayin Ministar Kasa ta Asiya da Gabas ta Tsakiya tun 2021 kuma memba ce a Majalisar (MP) na Cannock Chase tun babban zaben 2015. Ta yi aiki a matsayin Minista ba tare da Fayil ba a cikin majalisar ministocin Burtaniya kuma, tare da Ben Elliot, a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Jam'iyyar Conservative daga Fabrairu 2020 zuwa Satumba 2021. Ta taba yin aiki a binciken kasuwa.
Sana'ar siyasa
An zaɓi Milling a matsayin kansila mai ra'ayin mazan jiya na gundumar Helmshore a Majalisar gundumar Rossendale a Lancashire a cikin 2009. Bayan shekaru uku aka kara mata mukamin mataimakiyar shugabar kungiya a majalisar. Ta yi murabus daga kujerar ta a shekarar 2014 bayan an zabeta a matsayin yar takarar Conservative na mazabar Cannock Chase a Staffordshire. A baya dan majalisar masu ra’ayin rikau Aidan Burley ya bayyana cewa zai tsaya takara a zabe mai zuwa.
A babban zaben shekarar 2015, an zabe ta ne da kuri'u 4,923 (10.5%). A shekara mai zuwa, Milling na daya daga cikin ’yan majalisar da hukumar zabe da ‘yan sanda suka bincike kan zargin karya ka’idojin kashe kudi a zaben. Hukumar ta ci tarar Jam’iyyar Conservative fam 70,000 a cikin Maris 2017 saboda “gaggarumin gazawa” a rahotonta na kashe kudaden yakin neman zabe. Bayan kammala binciken da ‘yan sandan suka yi, sun mika lamarin zuwa ga kotun sauraron kararrakin zabe, inda ta kammala da cewa, duk da cewa akwai hujjojin da ke nuna rashin gaskiya a rahoton kashe kudade, amma ba za su kara daukar mataki ba domin ba a san cewa ’yan takara ko wakilai sun yi rashin gaskiya da gangan. .
Milling ta goyi bayan Birtaniyya da ta rage a cikin Tarayyar Turai a zaben raba gardama na zama memba na Burtaniya na 2016. Bayan kuri'ar raba gardama, ta taimaka wajen shirya yakin neman shugabancin Conservative na Boris Johnson na 2016. A babban zaben shekara ta 2017, an sake zaben ta da kuri'u 8,391 (17.6%). An yi mata bulala mataimakiyar gwamnati a lokacin da aka yi sauyi a ranar 9 ga Janairu 2018. Milling ta zaɓi yarjejeniyar ficewar Firayim Minista Theresa May ta Brexit a farkon 2019.
Bayan zaben Johnson a matsayin firayim minista a watan Yulin 2019, an nada ta a matsayin mataimakiyar babban mai shari'a kuma ma'ajin dangi a ma'aikatarsa. Ta zaɓi yarjejeniyar janyewar Johnson ta Brexit a cikin Oktoba 2019. A babban zaben shekarar 2019, an sake zabe ta ne da kuri'u 19,879 (42.9%). A wani bangare na sake fasalin majalisar ministocin na 2020, an kara wa Milling mukamin Shugaban Jam'iyyar Conservative Party kuma Minista ba tare da Fayil ba.
A sake fasalin majalisar ministocin Burtaniya na 2021, an nada Milling a matsayin sabuwar ministar Asiya da Gabas ta Tsakiya, inda ta zama ministar minista daya tilo da ta bar majalisar ministocin yayin da ta ci gaba da zama a cikin gwamnati. A cikin Afrilu-Mayu 2022 an aika ta zuwa Tsibirin Budurwar Biritaniya bayan kama tsohon Firayim Minista, Andrew Fahie, kan zargin gudanar da muggan kwayoyi a Amurka. An yi la'akari da ra'ayin mulkin kai tsaye daga Birtaniya amma ba tare da goyon bayan Firayim Minista Natalio Wheatley ba.
Milling ta amince da Nadhim Zahawi yayin zaben shugabancin jam'iyyar Conservative na 2022.
Masana'antar haƙar ma'adinai ta Najeriya
Coal, lignite da coke
Hako ma'adinai shine hakowa ko cire ma'adanai da karafa daga doron kasa. Kamfanin Coal Corporation na Najeriya kamfani ne na parastatal wanda aka kafa a shekarar 1950 kuma ya kasance mai cin gashin kansa kan hakar ma'adinai, sarrafawa, da siyar da kayan kwal, lignite, da coke har zuwa 1999.
An fara gano Coal ne a Enugu a shekarar 1909 a Udi Ridge a Enugu. Albert Kitson, wani injiniyan hakar ma'adinai na Burtaniya ne ya same shi. Coal geology cakude ne na dutsen daɗaɗɗen daɗaɗɗen ciyayi da ciyayi na daɗaɗɗe waɗanda zafi da ayyukan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta suka canza cikin ɗan lokaci mai yawa. Ma'adinan Ogbete ya buɗe kuma ya fara hako gawayi akai-akai kafin 1916. Ya zuwa 1920, samar da kwal ya kai 180122 long ton mai tsayi. An kafa Najeriya kwal a shekarar 1950, kuma a shekarar 1960 aka samar da 565681 long ton. Yakin basasar Najeriya ya sa aka yi watsi da nakiyoyi da dama. Bayan yakin ya kare a farkon shekarun 1970, kwal din ya kasa farfadowa. Ƙoƙarin sarrafa masana'antar a shekarun 1970 da 1980 a ƙarshe bai yi nasara ba, kuma a zahiri ya hana samarwa saboda matsalolin aiwatarwa da kiyayewa. Babban makasudin yin amfani da kwal a Najeriya shi ne don gudanar da aikin layin dogo. Coal ya koma dizal bayan yakin basasar Najeriya da kuma yin watsi da harkar hakar kwal.
A halin yanzu dai gwamnatin Najeriya na kokarin mayar da kamfanin Coal na Najeriya zuwa wani kamfani da kuma sayar da kadarorinsa. Yayin da kasuwannin cikin gida na kwal ke fama da mummunan tasiri sakamakon yunkurin samar da injunan dizal da iskar gas daga kungiyoyin da a da suka kasance manyan masu amfani da kwal, da karancin sulfur da ake hakowa a Najeriya yana da kyawawa ga abokan cinikin kasashen duniya a Italiya da Ingila, wadanda sun shigo da gawayin Najeriya daga waje. Matsalolin kudi na baya-bayan nan sun kawo kusan rufe ayyukan hakar ma’adanai na Coal Corporation na Najeriya, kuma kamfanin ya mayar da martani da yunkurin sayar da wasu kadarorinsa yayin da yake jiran gwamnati ta kammala ayyukan sayar da hannun jari.
A watan Afrilun shekarar 2008, ministan ma'adinai da karafa, Sarafa Tunji Ishola, ya sanar da cewa, Najeriya na daukar kwal a matsayin wata hanyar samar da wutar lantarki, yayin da take kokarin yin kwaskwarima a fannin samar da wutar lantarki, ya kuma karfafa gwiwar masu zuba jari na kasar Sin su zuba jari a masana'antar kwal.
Zinariya
Ana samun wuraren ajiyar zinari a Arewacin Najeriya, mafi shahara a kusa da Maru, Anka, Malele, Tsohon Birnin Gwari-Kwaga, Gurmana, Bin Yauri, Okolom-Dogondaji, da Iperindo a cikin jihar Osun.
An fara samar da zinare a cikin 1913 kuma ya kai kololuwa a cikin 1930s. A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, samarwa ya ragu. Kamfanonin ‘yan mulkin mallaka sun yi watsi da ma’adanai, kuma ba a samu hakowa ba.
An kafa kamfanin hakar ma'adinai na Najeriya (NMC) a farkon shekarun 1980 don gano zinare. Rashin kudi da kuma jawo saukin ribar da ake samu daga hako mai ya sa ya gaza. A ‘yan kwanakin nan, an samu ci gaba a aikin hako zinari a jihar Osun da ke kudu maso yammacin Najeriya. Kananan ayyukan hakar ma'adinai da masu aikin hako ma'adinai ke yi har yanzu suna da yawa.
Iyalin Allie daga Anka na ɗaya daga cikin manyan iyalai na zinariya a yankin.
Lithium
A shekarar 2019 an gano lithium a Najeriya. Karfe yana buƙatar batura sosai. Ministan ma’adinai da karafa na Najeriya, Olamilekan Adegbite, ya yi watsi da tayin da Elon Musk ya yi wa ma’adinin lithium a Najeriya a shekarar 2022.
Columbite, wolframite, da tantalite
Columbite da tantalite sune ma'adanai da ake amfani da su don samar da abubuwan niobium da tantalum. Columbite da tantalite ana kiransu tare da coltan a Afirka. Tantalum wani abu ne mai kima da ba kasafai ake amfani da shi wajen kera kayan lantarki ba. A Najeriya, tarin pegmatite na coltan akai-akai kuma shine tushen duwatsu masu tamani da yawa kamar su beryl, aquamarine, da tourmaline. Ana samun wadannan pegmatites a jihar Nassarawa kusa da Filaton Jos, da kuma a yankuna da dama a kudu maso gabashin Najeriya. Akwai ƙananan ma'adinai na waɗannan ma'adanai. Wolframite (tungsten) ana iya samunsa a cikin jihohin Arewa.
Bitumen
An fara gano bitumen a cikin 1900, tare da bincike mai zurfi tun daga 1905. Kiyasin ma'adanin bitumen a jihar Ondo, jihar Legas, jihar Edo da kuma jihar Ogun dake shiyyar Kudu maso yammacin Najeriya, ya kai ganga biliyan 16, yayin da yashin kwalta da babban mai ya kai ganga biliyan 42, kusan ya ninka adadin. na tanadin danyen mai.
Iron karfe
Najeriya na da ma'adinan tama da yawa, amma mafi kyawun ma'adinan yana cikin Itakpe da kewaye a jihar Kogi.
An kafa kamfanin hakar ma'adinin ƙarfe na ƙasa a cikin 1979 kuma an ba shi manufa don ganowa, amfani, sarrafawa, da samar da ma'adinan ƙarfe ga Kamfanin Ajaokuta Karfe (ASCL) a Ajaokuta da Kamfanin Delta Steel Company (DCL) a Aladja. Ƙarin buƙatu ya fito daga masana'antun ƙarfe da yawa. Kamfanin da ayyukan hakar ma'adinai na da tushe a jihar Kogi. A halin yanzu ana binciken fitar da tama mai yawa fiye da abin da ake buƙata don bukatun cikin gida. Bugu da kari, gwamnatin Najeriya ta saka hannun jari a harkokin ma'adanin karfe na kasashen waje a Guinea.
Uranium
Kamfanin hakar ma'adinin Uranium na Najeriya (NUMCO) kungiya ce ta parastatal wacce ke kula da aikin hako uranium a Najeriya kuma hadin gwiwar jama'a/na sirri ne tare da Total Compagnie Minière na Faransa, wanda ya mallaki kashi 40% na kamfanin. A cikin 1989, Total ya janye daga haɗin gwiwar, kuma a cikin 1993 gwamnati ta sake mayar da ayyukan NUMCO zuwa Cibiyar Nazarin Kasa ta Najeriya. An rushe kamfanin NUMCO a cikin 1996. Aikin injiniya na kamfanin kwal bai yi nasara ba.
Kamar yadda a shekarar 2008, gwamnati na cikin shirin kwashe sauran kadarorinta.
Kwanan nan, an gano wasu muhimman ma’adinan Uranium a Jihar Cross River, Jihar Adamawa, Jihar Taraba, Jihar Filato, Jihar Bauchi, da Jihar Kano, ta Hukumar Binciken Kasa ta Biritaniya.
Duwatsu masu daraja
Ana hakar duwatsu masu daraja a sassa daban-daban na jihohin Filato, Kaduna da Bauchi, da suka hada da sapphire, ruby, aquamarine, emerald, tourmaline, topaz, garnet, amethyst, zircon, da fluorspar.
Armisanal kananan sikeli (ASGM)
A Najeriya, aikin hako zinare na fasaha da kananan-sikelin (ASGM) ya kunshi ayyukan hakar zinare marasa tsari, aiki tukuru ba tare da samun kudi ba. Ma'aikata goma ko fiye da ƙwararru suna amfani da ɗanyen kayan aiki da hanyoyi don fitar da ƙananan ma'ajin gwal tare da ƙarancin samarwa. Karamin ma'adinin zinare na iya zama da hannu, ko na'ura mai sarrafa kansa, ko na'ura, sabanin hakar gwal na fasaha, wanda gaba daya na hannu ne.
Hakanan ana bayyana ASGM azaman ƙananan ayyukan hakar ma'adinai waɗanda ke tattarawa da tace karafa da ma'adanai daga ma'adanai na sakandare da na farko ta amfani da dabaru na farko ko na ɗanyen. Ana haɗa duk ƙanana, matsakaita, na yau da kullun, doka, da masu hakar ma'adinai ba bisa Ƙa'ida ba.
Tasirin muhalli
Jami’an kula da muhalli na gwamnatin jihar Filato sun yi imanin cewa ma’adinan daloli 1,100 da aka yi watsi da su bayan bullar hako ma’adinan a shekarun 1960, yanzu suna yin illa ga lafiya ga mutane kimanin miliyan biyu da ke zaune a yankin. An ruwaito cewa wutsiya na radiyon na zama hadari ga mutanen yankin da ke zaune a kusa da wuraren hakar ma'adinai a yankunan Jos, Barikin-Ladi, Bukur, Bassa da Riyom.
Ibrahim Kazaure
Ibrahim Kazaure (an haife shi ranar 12 ga Nuwamba 1954) sanata ne a jamhuriya ta uku kuma jakadan Najeriya a kasar Saudiyya wanda ya kasance ministan kwadago da samar da ayyukan yi ta tarayya a takaice a shekarar 2010.
Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Kazaure a jihar Jigawa a ranar 12 ga watan Nuwamba 1954, kuma ya sami takardar shaidar difloma ta kasa a fannin gine-gine da injiniyan farar hula.
Ayyuka da Siyasa
Ya zama kwamishinan ilimi a jihar Kano a shekarar 1983. An zabe shi a matsayin ɗan majalisar dattawa a jamhuriya ta uku ta Najeriya, inda ya zama mai rinjaye. Ya kasance Jakadan Najeriya a Saudiyya tsakanin 2003 zuwa 2007.
Shugaba Umaru 'Yar'adua ne ya naɗa shi ministan ayyuka na musamman a watan Disambar 2008. An naɗa shi Ministan Kwadago da Ƙarfafawa a ranar 10 ga Fabrairun 2010, lokacin da muƙaddashin shugaban ƙasa Goodluck Jonathan ya mayar da Adetokunbo Kayode zuwa ma’aikatar shari’a. Ya bar mulki a ranar 17 ga Maris 2010 lokacin da mukaddashin shugaban ƙasa Goodluck Jonathan ya rusa majalisar ministocinsa.
Abinci da ciwon daji
An gano abubuwan da ake amfani da abinci a matsayin suna da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan hadarin ciwon daji, tare da nau'o'in abinci daban-daban suna karuwa da rage haɗari. Abinci da kiba na iya kasancewa da alaƙa da kusan kashi 30-35% na mutuwar ciwon daji, yayin da rashin aikin jiki ya bayyana yana da alaƙa da 7% haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa. Ɗaya daga cikin bita a cikin 2011 ya ba da shawarar cewa jimlar caloric ci yana rinjayar ciwon daji da kuma yiwuwar ci gaba.
Duk da yake an ba da shawarwarin abinci da yawa don rage haɗarin ciwon daji, kaɗan suna da muhimmiyar shaidar kimiyya. An danganta kiba da shan barasa tare da faruwa da ci gaban wasu cututtukan daji. Ana ba da shawarar rage shan abubuwan sha masu zaki da sukari a matsayin ma'auni don magance kiba. Abincin da ke da ƙarancin 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari da jan nama yana da tasiri amma ba a tabbatar da shi ba, kuma tasirin na iya zama ƙanana ga mutanen da ke da abinci mai gina jiki waɗanda ke kula da lafiyayyen nauyi.
Wasu takamaiman abinci suna da alaƙa da takamaiman cututtukan daji. Nazarin ya danganta cin ja ko naman da aka sarrafa zuwa ƙarin haɗarin ciwon nono, ciwon hanji, ciwon prostate, da ciwon daji na pancreatic, wanda za a iya bayyana shi a wani bangare ta kasancewar carcinogens a cikin abincin da aka dafa a yanayin zafi. Aflatoxin B1, mai yawan gurɓataccen abinci, yana ƙara haɗarin ciwon hanta, yayin shan kofi yana hade da raguwar haɗari. Taunar goro na haifar da ciwon daji na baki. Ciwon daji na ciki ya fi zama ruwan dare a Japan saboda yawan abincin da yake ci. Al'ummomin baƙi suna haɓaka haɗarin sabuwar ƙasarsu, galibi a cikin tsararraki ɗaya, suna ba da alaƙa mai mahimmanci tsakanin abinci da ciwon daji.
Shawarwari na abinci don rigakafin ciwon daji yawanci sun haɗa da sarrafa nauyi da cin "mafi yawan kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itace, dukan hatsi da kifi, da rage cin nama ja, kitsen dabba, da ingantaccen sukari."
Abincin ƙuntatawa
Yawancin abinci da tsarin tsarin abinci ana da'awar suna da amfani ga cutar kansa. Shahararrun nau'ikan abincin "anti-cancer" sun haɗa da abincin Breuss, Jiyya na Gerson, ka'idar Budwig da kuma abincin macrobiotic. Babu daya daga cikin wadannan nau'ikan abincin da aka gano yana da tasiri, kuma an gano wasu daga cikinsu suna da illa.
Tsarin abinci
Masu ilimin cututtuka na abinci mai gina jiki suna amfani da ƙididdiga masu yawa, irin su manyan abubuwan da suka shafi bincike da bincike na mahimmanci, don auna yadda tsarin halayen abinci ya shafi hadarin bunkasa ciwon daji. (Mafi kyawun tsarin abincin da aka yi nazari akai shine abincin tsakiyar teku . ) Bisa la'akari da tsarin abincin da suke ci, masu ilimin cututtuka sun rarraba mutane zuwa ƙididdiga. Don ƙididdige tasirin halayen cin abinci akan haɗarin ciwon daji, suna auna haɗin kai tsakanin ƙididdiga da rarraba yawan ciwon daji (a cikin nazarin nazarin shari'ar ) da kuma ciwon daji (a cikin binciken dogon lokaci ). Yawancin lokaci sun haɗa da wasu masu canji a cikin ƙirar ƙididdiga don lissafin sauran bambance-bambance tsakanin mutanen da ke da ciwon daji da ba tare da ciwon daji ba ( confounders ). Ga ciwon nono, akwai wani replicated Trend ga mata da mafi "m ko lafiya" rage cin abinci, watau mafi girma a cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan lambu, don samun ƙananan hadarin ciwon daji. “Tsarin abincin mai sha” kuma yana da alaƙa da haɗarin kansar ƙirjin nono, yayin da ƙungiyar ba ta da daidaituwa tsakanin tsarin abinci na yammaci da haɓakar haɗarin kansar nono. Abincin da aka ɗora yana da alaƙa da ciwon daji.
Barasa
Barasa yana da alaƙa da ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa. 3.6% na duk cututtukan daji da 3.5% na mutuwar ciwon daji a duniya ana danganta su da shan barasa. Ciwon daji na nono a cikin mata yana da alaƙa da shan barasa. Barasa kuma yana ƙara haɗarin ciwon daji na baki, esophagus, pharynx da larynx, ciwon daji mai launi, ciwon hanta, ciki da ovaries. Hukumar Bincike Kan Kansa ta Duniya (Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer) ta Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta ware barasa a matsayin wani nau'in ciwon daji na rukuni na 1. Ƙimar ta ta ce, "Akwai isassun shaidun da ke nuna cutar sankara na barasa a cikin mutane. …Abin shaye-shaye yana da cutar kansa ga mutane (Rukunin 1)."
Nama mai sarrafawa da ja
A ranar 26 ga Oktoba, 2015, Hukumar Bincike Kan Kansa ta Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta bayar da rahoton cewa cin naman da aka sarrafa (misali, naman alade, naman alade, karnuka masu zafi, tsiran alade) ko jan nama na da alaƙa da wasu cututtukan daji.
Fiber, 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari
Shaida akan tasirin fiber na abinci akan haɗarin ciwon daji na hanji yana haɗuwa tare da wasu nau'ikan shaidar da ke nuna fa'ida kuma wasu ba. Duk da yake cin 'ya'yan itace da kayan marmari yana da fa'ida, yana da ƙarancin fa'ida akan rage ciwon daji fiye da sau ɗaya ana tunani. Soya yana da wadata a cikin phytoestrogens. Phytoestrogens suna da raunin estrogenic sakamako, amma abubuwan da ke faruwa ne ta halitta.
Nazarin meta-biyu na 2020 sun gano cewa yawan cin fiber yana da alaƙa da ƙaramin haɗarin duka premenopausal da cututtukan nono na baya da ƙimar rayuwa mafi girma a cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon nono.