cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Mutane da Membobi
Kungiyar da mabobi ta jami'a league
A cikin 2012, Mutane & mambobi sun gudanar da bikin bikin kammala karatun Green League na farko a Westminster, suna murnar nasarorin manyan jami'o'in ta.
Kyaututtuka da Yabo
Kungiyar Green League ta sami nasara "Kyakkyawan Kamfen" a bikin ba da Lamuni na Yankin Burtaniya da na Media a 2007.
Jama'a da mambobi Green League sun kasance cikin wadanda aka zaba domin kyautar Green Gown, wacce kungiyar kula da muhalli ta jami'oi da kwalejoji (EAUC) ke gudanarwa.
Akpap Okoyong
Akpap ko Akpap-Okoyong ƙauye ne a yankin Okoyong jihar Cross River, Najeriya kuma yanki ne na ƙaramar hukumar Odukpani.
Akpap ya kasance gidan ne ga masu yada Addinin Kirista Mary Slessor ’ yar ƙasar waje na wasu shekaru. Daga baya gidanta ya koma gidan hutawa da kuma asibiti, kuma a yanzu ya zama wurin yawon bude ido.
Talent Mandaza
Manazarta
<references group="" responsive="1">
Aliero
Aliero birni ne, da ke cikin jihar Kebbi a arewacin Najeriya. Dake cikin kudu maso gabashin jihar Kebbi.
Tattalin Arziki
Yawancin mutanen karamar hukumar Aliero manoma ne, tare da mai da hankali kan kayan lambu, musamman albasa da barkono. Garin yana da kasuwar albasa mafi girma a arewa maso yammacin Najeriya, kuma ita ce babbar kasuwar albasa a Najeriya. Mazauna Aliero an san su da sa himma a Yammaci da Tsakiyar Afirka. Garin Aliero yana kewaye da bishiyoyin mangwaro.
Ary Papel
Manuel David Afonso (an haife shi a shekara ta 1994), wanda aka fi sani da Ary Papel, ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Angola wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Masar Ismaily.
Aikin kulob/Ƙungiya
A cikin shekarar 2018-19, ya koma Primeiro de Agosto a gasar firimiya ta Angola, Girabola bayan ya ci gaba da zama a Liga NOS tare da Sporting B.
A ranar 7 ga watan Oktoba, 2020, kulob din Al-Taawoun na Saudiyya ya ba da sanarwar cewa Ary Papel zai koma musu na tsawon shekaru biyu. Bayan makonni uku, ya shiga kulob din Ismaily na Masar.
Manfred Starke
Manfred Starke (an haife shi a ranar 21 ga watan Fabrairu shekara ta 1991) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Namibia wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya mai kai hari a ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta 3. Liga VfB Oldenburg.
Aikin kulob
An haifi Starke a Windhoek, mahaifinsa ɗan Namibia ne Bajamushe haifaffen Namibiya da mahaifiyarsa'yar Holland. Ya fara aikinsa na ƙwararru a kulob ɗin FC Hansa Rostock. Shi babban ɗan'uwan Sandra Starke ne.
Starke ya koma kulob ɗin FSV Zwickau a cikin shekarar 2020.
Ayyukan kasa da kasa
A watan Oktoban shekara ta, 2012, Starke ya fara bugawa Namibia wasan sada zumunci da Rwanda. Ya taka leda a gasar cin kofin nahiyar Afirka ta shekarar, 2019, gasar cin kofin nahiyar ta farko a kasar cikin shekaru 11.
Talent Mukwanda
Talent Mukwanda (an haife ta a ranar 24 ga watan Afrilu shekarar 1993) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Zimbabwe wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya ga Herentals Queens FC da kuma ƙungiyar mata ta ƙasar Zimbabwe.
Ayyukan kasa da kasa
Talent Mukwanda ya buga wa Zimbabwe wasa a babban mataki yayin bugu biyu na gasar zakarun mata ta COSAFA ( shekarar 2020 da shekara ta 2021 ).
Gilbert Gottfried
Gilbert Jeremy Gottfried (1955) mawakin Tarayyar Amurka ne.
Fula people
Fulani
Fulfulde language
Fulani
Alizaga
Alizaga karamin gari ne a karamar hukumar Eggon aNajeriya. Wanda wani bangare ne na karamin yankin Eggon. Gidan waya na Eggon kuma yana cikin Alizaga daura da Babbar hanyar A3 arewa da Lafia, babban birnin jihar Nasarawa.
Edline Mutumbami
Edline Mutumbami (an haife ta a ranar 13 ga watan Oktoba shekarar 1996) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Zimbabwe wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron baya ga Blue Swallows FC da kuma ƙungiyar mata ta ƙasar Zimbabwe.
Aikin kulob
Mutumbami ya taba buga wa kungiyar Blue Swallows wasa a kasar Zimbabwe.
Ayyukan kasa da kasa
Mutumbami ya buga wa Zimbabwe babban mataki a gasar COSAFA ta mata ta shekarar 2021.
Maize
Maize
Daular Kaabu
Daular Kaabu (1537– 1867), kuma an rubuta Gabu, Ngabou, da N’Gabu, wata daula ce a yankin Senegambia da ke tsakiyar yankin arewa maso gabashin Guinea-Bissau na zamani, manyan sassan Gambia na yau; Ta mamaye Koussanar, Koumpentoum, yankuna na Kudu maso Gabashin Senegal, da Casamance a Senegal. Daular Kaabu ta ƙunshi harsuna da dama, wato: Balanta, Jola-Fonyi, Mandinka, Mandjak, Mankanya, Noon (Serer-Noon), Pulaar, Serer, Soninke, da Wolof. Ta yi fice a yankin saboda asalinta a matsayinta na tsohon lardin soja na daular Mali. Bayan daular Mali ta durkushe, Kaabu ta zama daula mai cin gashin kanta. Kansala, babban birnin daular Kaabu, Futa Jallon ne ya mamaye shi a lokacin jihadi na Fula na karni na 19. Sai dai kuma jihohin da suka gaji Kaabu a fadin kasar Senegambia sun ci gaba da samun bunkasuwa tun bayan faduwar Kansala; Wannan ya ci gaba har sai an haɗa sauran masarautun cikin Burtaniya ta Gambiya, Fotigal da Faransa masu tasiri a lokacin Scramble na Afirka.
Tinkuru
Mandinka ta isa Guinea-Bissau a kusan shekara ta 1200. Daya daga cikin janar-janar na Sundiata Keita, Tirmakhan Traore, ya mamaye yankin, ya kafa sabbin garuruwa da yawa, ya kuma mai da Kaabu daya daga cikin lardin tinkuru na yammacin Mali, a cikin shekarun 1230. A farkon karni na 14, yawancin kasar Guinea-Bissau na karkashin ikon daular Mali ne kuma Farim Kaabu (Kwamandan Kaabu) mai biyayya ga Mansa na Mali ya mulketa. Kamar yadda a wurare da dama da aka ga ƙaura na Mandinka, yawancin al'ummar ƙasar ta Guinea-Bissau sun mamaye ko kuma sun kasance a cikin su, ana siyar da masu adawa zuwa bauta ta hanyoyin kasuwanci tsakanin Sahara zuwa masu saye Larabawa. Duk da cewa sarakunan Kaabu Mandinka ne, amma yawancin talakawansu sun fito ne daga kabilun da suka zauna a yankin tun kafin harin Mandinka. Mandinka ya zama harshen da ake amfani da shi don kasuwanci.
'Yanci
Bayan tsakiyar karni na 14, Mali ta sami koma baya sosai saboda hare-haren da Mossi ke kaiwa kudancinsu da kuma ci gaban sabuwar daular Songhai. A cikin karni na 16, Mali ta rasa yawancin lardunanta wanda bai wuce yankin tsakiyar Mandinka ba. Rikicin maye gurbin da aka yi tsakanin masu gadon sarautar Mali ya kuma raunana karfinta na rike hatta kadarorinta na tarihi a Senegal, Gambia, da Guinea-Bissau. Ba tare da sa ido na masarautu ba, waɗannan ƙasashe sun wargaje don kafa masarautu masu zaman kansu. Wanda ya fi kowa nasara kuma ya dade a cikin wadannan shi ne Kaabu, wanda ta samu ‘yancin kai a shekarar 1537. Gwamnan Kaabu, Sami Koli, ya zama shugaban Kaabu mai zaman kansa na farko. Shi jikan Tiramakhan Traore ne.
Ƙarfafa Senegambia
Masu mulkin masarautar Kaabu sun yi imanin cewa hakkinsu na mulki ya fito ne daga tarihinsu a matsayin lardin daular. Sarakunan Kaabu masu zaman kansu sun yi watsi da sunan Farim Kaabu na Kaabu Mansaba. Daga cikin lardunan daular Kabu sun hada da amma ba'a iyakance ba Firdu, Pata, Kamako, Jimara, Patim Kibo, Patim Kanjaye, Kantora, Sedhiou, Pakane Mambura, Kiang, Kudura, Nampaio, Koumpentoum, Koussanar, Barra, Pacami da sauran su.
Meaning the calf is for Manu
Meaning the calf is for Manu
Eunice Chibanda
Eunice Chibanda (an haife ta a ranar i 26 Maris shekara ta 1993) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙungiyar Zimbabwe. Ita mamba ce a kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Zimbabwe kuma ta wakilci kasar a wasansu na farko a gasar Olympics a gasar Olympics ta lokacin zafi ta shekarar 2016. A wasanta na farko, ta zura kwallo a ragar Jamus a wasan da Jamusawa suka ci 6-1.
A cikin watan Mayun shekarar 2015 an sake kiran Chibanda zuwa tawagar kasar bayan shafe shekaru biyu ba ta yi ba, don wasan neman cancantar shiga gasar Olympics ta CAF ta shekarar 2015 da Zambia.
Bound (fim na 2018)
Bound, fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na Najeriya wanda aka yi a shekarar 2018, kuma Frank Rajah Arase ya ba da umarni shirin, sai Lilian Afegbai ya shirya-(produced). Fim din ya haɗa taurari da suka haɗa da; Rita Dominic da Enyinna Nwigwe a matsayin jagororin shirin, yayin da Joyce Kalu, Nicole Banner, Duke Emmanuel, da Neye Balogun suka ba da gudummawa. Fim ɗin ya ta'allaka ne kacokan a kan Chinenye, wata kyakkyawar mace ƴar shekara 35, mai sana'a kuma ba ta iya yin aure ba, amma ta hadu da Elochukwu wanda su kayi soyayya.
Enugu
An dauki fim din a Enugu, Najeriya. Fim ɗin ya yi fice a ranar 16 ga watan Maris 2018 a Filmhouse IMAX Cinema Lekki, Legas. Fim ɗin ya sami ra'ayoyi daban-daban daga masu suka kuma an nuna shi a duk faɗin duniya. Fim din ya lashe kyautar Mafi kyawun Harshen Indigenous (Igbo) a 2018 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards.
Mai albarka Bwende
Moreblessing Bwende (an haife ta a ranar i 1 ga watan Agusta w2001) ɗan was-an ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Zimbabwe wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida. Ta kasance memba a kungiyar mata ta kasar Zimbabwe.
Aikin kulob
Bwende ya bugawa Harare City Queens FC da ke gwagwalada Zimbabwe.
Ayyukan kasa da kasa
Bwende ya taka leda a Zimbabwe a babban mataki yayin gasar COSAFA ta mata ta shekarar 2020.
Cody Gakpo
Cody Mathès Gakpo (an haife shi ne a ranar 7 ga watan Mayu na shekarar 1999) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Holland wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba a ƙungiyar kwallon kafan Premier League ta Liverpool da kuma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Holland.
Rayuwarsa ta Farko da samartaka
An haifi Gakpo ne a garin Eindhoven kuma ya girma a gundumar Stratum. An haifi mahaifinsa a Togo kuma yana da zuriyar Ghana, yayin da mahaifiyarsa 'yar Holland ce. A shekarar 2007, ya koma makarantar horon kwallon kafan matasa ta PSV, inda ya ci gaba da nuna bajintarsa.
Liverpool
.
Rayuwa ta sirri
Gakpo dan asalin kabilar kiristan ne. Ya ce, “Ina ƙoƙarin karanta Littafi Mai Tsarki kowace rana, ina yin addu’a kowace rana, ina son zuwa wajen bauta, kuma ina karanta littattafai da yawa game da bangaskiya.”
Okada (motorcycle taxi)
Okada (kuma achaba, going, inaga ) motar haya ce ta babur da ake amfani da ita a Najeriya da sauran ƙasashen Afirka.
Hakanan ana amfani da tasi na babur ko okada a wasu ƙasashen yammacin Afirka, da suka haɗa da Togo ( oléyia ), Benin ( zémidjans ), Burkina Faso, Laberiya ( phen-phen ), Ghana da Saliyo.
Asalin kalmar
Ana yi wa baburan kasuwanci lakabi da Okada Air (wanda a yanzu rusasshen jirgin saman Najeriya ne, wanda shi kansa sunan garin mahaifar mai shi, Cif Gabriel Igbinedion ) ne saboda za su iya tafiya cikin cunkoson jama’a a Legas da kuma daukar fasinjoji zuwa inda za su yi a kan kari, a cikin lokaci. kamar yadda kamfanin jirgin sama. Abin ban dariya na sunan wani kamfanin jirgin sama da ake amfani da shi ga masu tuka babura na kasuwanci, da kuma sanin Okada Air a cikin gida, ya sa laqabin okada ya wuce kamfanin jirgin da ya samo asali, wanda yawancin ‘yan Nijeriya ba sa tunawa. A cikin watan Janairu 2020, an ƙara kalmar "okada" zuwa sabuntawar ƙamus na Turanci na Oxford Janairu, tare da wasu kalmomin Najeriya 28 da ake amfani da su sosai.
Tarihi
Amfani da motocin haya da babura a Najeriya tun kafin gwamnatin Babangida: an san su a jihar Kuros Riba a shekarun 1970 yayin da Achaba ko babura suma suna can a sassan Yola. da Jihar Gongola (a yanzu Jihar Adamawa ) a karshen shekarun 1970 kuma ta bazu zuwa Legas ta hanyar wasu gungun mutane a karamar hukumar Agege. Okadas ta fara yaduwa a cikin 1980s kuma ta zama sananniya a ƙarshen 1980s bayan tabarbarewar tattalin arziki a Najeriya, wanda wani bangare ne sakamakon amincewa da tsarin tattalin arziki mai sassaucin ra'ayi ta hanyar tsarin daidaita tsarin hade da saurin haɓaka birane, rashin aikin yi. da rashin isassun jigilar jama'a a cikin birni. Wasu fa'idodin amfani da motocin haya na babur don jigilar kasuwancin cikin birni shine cewa ana samun su cikin sauƙi. Hakanan za su iya shiga cikin sauƙi ta ƴan ƴan tituna, ƙasƙantattu, da lunguna da lungu da saƙon da ke zirga-zirga a cikin birane, ta yadda za su iya biyan buƙatun sufuri na wasu mazauna birane. Matasan da ba su da aikin yi sun fara amfani da babura don samun kudi ta hanyar jigilar fasinjoji da sauri zuwa kofar gidansu, wani lokacin kuma a kan kunkuntar tituna ko kuma rashin kulawa. Irin wannan nau'in sufuri da sauri ya zama sananne, kuma yarda da shi ya karu a hankali. Okadas yanzu suna ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin sufuri na farko a Najeriya, kuma sun zama tsarin sufuri mai arha kuma mai daidaitawa, wanda ya fi shahara na yau da kullun a ƙasar. Ko a cikin ƙauyuka masu nisa, suna zuwa lokaci-lokaci. Ya zama hanyar sufuri da mutane masu shekaru daban-daban, maza da mata suke amfani da su akai-akai. Abin takaici, karuwar amfani da okada yana tare da karuwar haɗarin tuki da hatsarori a kan hanyoyin Najeriya. A sakamakon haka, okadas sun fuskanci suka mai tsanani, wanda ya haifar da dokar da aka yi niyyar takurawa ko haramta ayyukansu a wasu garuruwan Najeriya, musamman Legas a shekara ta 2012.
Al'ummar Najeriya
Farashin Okada yawanci ya fi na zirga-zirgar jama'a. An kwatanta hawan okada a matsayin "kwarewa ta musamman" daga masu yawon bude ido da masu amfani da gida.
Takaddun bayanai na direbobi da fasinjoji
Wani bincike da aka gudanar a shekarar 1993 a Yola, wani matsakaicin birni wanda kuma shi ne babban birnin jihar Adamawa arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, ya ba da ƙarin haske game da kasuwancin okada. Binciken ya nuna cewa kusan kashi 88% na direbobin okada suna tsakanin shekaru 18 zuwa 30, kuma kashi 47% ne kawai suka sami ilimin boko. Binciken ya kuma fitar da bayanai daga fasinjoji 106. Abokan ciniki gabaɗaya maza ne (65%); matasa ne masu shekaru 18 zuwa 30 (57%); sun kammala aƙalla makarantar sakandare (83%); ba su da aikin yi amma a kasuwar aiki (59%); kuma yana da ƙananan kuɗi zuwa matsakaici (45%). Sun daraja okadas musamman saboda suna da sauri kuma suna samuwa. Dalilan da abokan ciniki ba sa son su shine sun ɗauka cewa ba su da aminci (wannan ya bayyana ta 67% na masu amsa) kuma masu tsada (kashi 43% na masu amsa sun bayyana). Binciken kwastomomin okada a Akure ya kuma nuna damuwar abokin ciniki game da tsaro - 61% sun ji cewa masu yin tukin sun yi sauri kuma kashi 31% sun ce sun yi tukin ganganci. Hagu tare da ƴan zaɓuɓɓukan sufuri, duk da haka, mutane da yawa suna ci gaba da tallafawa okadas duk da sanin manyan haɗarin da ke tattare da hakan.
A cikin adabi
A cikin littafinta na balaguro, Looking for Transwonderland, marubuci Noo Saro-Wiwa yana amfani da sufuri akai-akai kuma yana jin daɗin ƙungiyar rikice-rikice.
Masarautar Libya
Masarautar Libya ( المملكة الليبية Daular Libya ' ; Italian), wanda aka fi sani da Burtaniya ta Libya daga 1951 zuwa 1963, masarauta ce ta tsarin mulki a Arewacin Afirka wacce ta wanzu bayan samun 'yancin kai a ranar 24 ga watan Disamba 1951 kuma ta ci gaba har zuwa juyin mulki a ranar 1 ga watan Satumba 1969. Juyin mulkin da Muammar Gaddafi ya jagoranta ya hambarar da sarki Idris tare da kafa Jamhuriyar Larabawa ta Libiya.
Tsarin Mulki
Karkashin tsarin mulkin watan Oktoba na shekarar 1951, masarautar gwamnatin tarayya ta Libya ta kasance karkashin jagorancin Sarki Idris a matsayin shugaban kasa, tare da maye gurbin mazajensa da aka nada (Art. 44 da 45 na kundin tsarin mulkin 1951). Babban iko na siyasa ya kasance tare da sarki. Bangaren zartaswa na gwamnati ya ƙunshi Firayim Minista da Majalisar Ministoci da sarki ya naɗa amma kuma yana da alhakin Majalisar Wakilai, Majalisar Dokoki ta ƙasa ta biyu. Majalisar dattijai, ko kuma ta babba, ta ƙunshi wakilai takwas daga kowace larduna uku. Rabin Sanatocin Sarki ne ya nada su, wanda kuma ke da damar yin watsi da dokar da kuma rusa majalisar wakilai. An gudanar da ‘yancin cin gashin kan kananan hukumomi a larduna ta hanyar gwamnatocin larduna da ‘yan majalisa. Tripoli da Benghazi sun yi aiki a madadin babban birnin ƙasar.
An tsara kundin tsarin mulkin ne a karkashin inuwar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, kuma ana ganin ya kunshi muhimman hanyoyin kare hakkin dan Adam. A ƙarshe, takardar ta kafa wata na'ura ta cibiyoyi waɗanda ke haɓaka gaskiya da kariya daga taron ikon dimokraɗiyya. Musamman, Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya tsara hanyoyin da za a tabbatar da yin la'akari da ayyukan jama'a da daidaiton dukkan 'yan kasar Libya a gaban doka. A lokacin da aka samar da ita, an karbe ta a matsayin abin koyi mai kyau da tunani mai kyau na kyakkyawan shugabanci da daidaiton iko ga yankin.
Ci gaban siyasa
Abubuwa da dama, wadanda suka samo asali daga tarihin Libya, sun shafi ci gaban siyasa na sabuwar kasar da ta samu 'yancin kai. Sun yi nuni da mabanbantan ra'ayoyin siyasa na larduna da kuma shubuhar da ke tattare da masarautar Libiya. Na farko, bayan babban zaben Libya na farko, a 1952, wanda aka gudanar a ranar 19 ga watan Fabrairu, an soke jam'iyyun siyasa. Jam'iyyar National Congress Party, wadda ta yi yakin neman zaben gwamnatin tarayya, ta sha kaye a duk fadin kasar. An haramta wa jam’iyyar, sannan aka kori Bashir Sa’adawi. Na biyu, dangantakar larduna ta ci gaba da kasancewa mafi muhimmanci fiye da na kasa, kuma gwamnatocin tarayya da na larduna sun kasance suna jayayya game da bangarorin da suke da iko. Matsala ta uku ta samo asali ne daga rashin magaji kai tsaye. Don magance wannan lamarin, Idris a shekarar 1953 ya nada kaninsa mai shekaru sittin a duniya ya gaje shi. Lokacin da magajin na asali ya mutu, sarkin ya naɗa ɗan wansa, Yarima Hasan ar Rida, wanda zai gaje shi.
Yom Kippur
Yom Kippurita ce rana mafi tsarki a cikin Yahudanci da Samariyawa. Yana faruwa kowace shekara a ranar 10 ga Tishrei. Babban abin da ya ta'allaka ne kan kaffara da tuba, bukukuwan ranar sun ƙunshi cikakken azumi da ɗabi'a na ibada tare da addu'a mai zurfi da kuma ikirari na zunubi (a al'ada a cikin majami'a). Tare da hutun da ke da alaƙa na Rosh HaShanah, Yom Kippur yana ɗaya daga cikin sassa biyu na "Ranaku Masu Tsarki" na Yahudanci.
Masarautar Libya
Ci gaban siyasa
Lokacin da gungun matasa hafsoshi da sojoji suka kwace mulki a karkashin jagorancin Muammar Gaddafi a ranar 1 ga watan Satumban 1969, Yarima mai jiran gado, wanda a lokacin yana mulkin kasar a madadin Sarki Idris ya kasance a gidan yari na tsawon shekaru biyu, daga bisani kuma aka mayar da shi saniyar ware a wadannan watanni. shekara bakwai a tsare. Da'irar Gaddafi ta wulakanta shi a bainar jama'a, ya yi fama da bugun jini wanda ya kai shi neman magani a Burtaniya a shekarar 1988. Daga nan ya yi tafiya zuwa Turai tare da dansa na biyu, Yarima Mohammed El Hassan El Rida El Senussi, kuma ya rasu a shekarar 1992 a Landan tare da iyalansa. A ranar 18 ga watan Yunin 1992, aka karanta wasiyyar karshe ta Yarima mai jiran gado a wani taron manema labarai a gaban manema labarai da na ‘ya’yansa biyar, aka nada Yarima Mohammed a matsayin halastaccen magajin sarautar Libya.
Cynthia Shonga
Cynthia Shonga (an haife ta a ranar 18 ga watan Yuni shekarar 2000) ' yar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Zimbabwe wacce ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida a Harare City Queens FC da kuma ƙungiyar mata ta ƙasar Zimbabwe.
Aikin kulob
Cynthia Shonga ya buga wa Harare City ta Zimbabwe wasa.
Ayyukan kasa da kasa
Shonga ya taka leda a Zimbabwe a babban mataki yayin bugu biyu na gasar zakarun mata na COSAFA ( shekarar 2020 da shekara ta 2021 ).
Alifokpa
Alifokpa ko Aliforkpa al'umma ce a unguwar Yache a karamar hukumar Yala a jihar Cross River, Nigeria. Yaren da mutane ke magana dashi shine Ekpari (Akpa). ’Yan asalin ƙasar galibi manoma ne waɗanda suka ƙware wajen noman Doya, Rogo, Shinkafa, Barkono, gonar kwai da sarrafa gyada.
Al’ummar ta kunshi dangogi uku ne; Echuji, Enduchui and Aji. Yana lura da kalandar kwanaki biyar a mako. Waɗannan su ne: Ogereje, Odama, Ogbada, Akpakpa kuma na ƙarshe shine Ogidi shine ranar kasuwa. An haɗa al'umma tare da kayan tarihi na musamman irin su shahararrun raye-rayen gargajiya (Igana, Otsichui, Ayeta da Akataka). Ana gudanar da bikin Sabuwar doya kowace shekara a ranar 25 ga Agusta, inda ake bikin girbi na shekara.
LOKACI
Alifokpa yana arewa maso gabashin yankin Yala.
Jami'ar Hebrew Kudus
Jami'ar Hebrew Kudus Babban jami'a ce ta bincike dake a birnin kudus/Jerusalem, Israel. Albert Einstein da Dr. Chaim Weizmann suka kafata/kirkireta a watan Yulin 1918
Precious Mudyiwa
Precious Mudyiwa (an haife ta a ranar 2 ga watan Fabrairu shekarar 1998) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Zimbabwe wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron gida ga Black Rhinos Queens FC da kuma ƙungiyar mata ta ƙasar Zimbabwe.
Aikin kulob
Precious Mudyiwa ya buga wa kulob din Black Rhinos Queens na Zimbabwe wasa a Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta CAF ta shekarar 2021 COSAFA Qualifiers.
Ayyukan kasa da kasa
Mudyiwa ya taka leda a Zimbabwe a babban mataki yayin gasar COSAFA ta mata ta shekarar 2021.
Lindiwe Magwede
Lindiwe Magwede (an haife ta a ranar 1 ga watan Disamba shekarar 1991) golan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Zimbabwe. Ita mamba ce a kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Zimbabwe kuma ta wakilci kasar a wasansu na farko a gasar Olympics a gasar Olympics ta lokacin zafi ta shekarar 2016.
Manazarta
<references group="" responsive="1">
Zaben majalisar dattawan Najeriya na 2019 a jihar Kano
Zaɓen ƴan majalisar dattawan Najeriya na shekarar 2019 a jihar Kano da aka gudanar ranar 23 ga watan Fabrairu, shekarar 2019, domin zaɓen ƴan majalisar dattawan Najeriya da za su wakilci jihar Kano. Ibrahim Shekarau mai wakiltar Kano ta tsakiya, Jibrin I Barau mai wakiltar Kano ta Arewa da Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya mai wakiltar Kano ta kudu duk sun yi nasara a jam'iyyar All Progressives Congress.
Kano ta Tsakiya
Ƴan takara 30 ne suka yi rajista da Hukumar Zaɓe Mai Zaman Kanta ta Ƙasa domin yin takara a zaɓen. Ɗan takarar jam’iyyar APC Ibrahim Shekarau ne ya lashe zaɓen inda ya doke ɗan takarar jam’iyyar PDP Madaki Aliyu Sani da wasu ƴan takarar jam’iyyar 28. Shekarau ya samu kashi 61.60% na ƙuri’u, yayin da Aliyu Sani ya samu kashi 33.68.
Kano ta Arewa
Ƴan takara 28 ne suka yi rajista da hukumar zaɓe mai zaman kanta domin su fafata a zaben. Ɗan takarar jam’iyyar APC Jibrin I Barau ne ya lashe zaɓen inda ya doke ɗan takarar jam’iyyar PDP Ahmed Garba Bichi da wasu ƴan takarar jam’iyyar 26. Barau ya samu kashi 61.37% na ƙuri’u, yayin da Garba Bichi ya samu kashi 33.35%.
Kano ta Kudu
Ƴan takara 28 ne suka yi rajista da hukumar zaɓe mai zaman kanta domin su fafata a zaɓen. Ɗan takarar jam’iyyar APC Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya ne ya lashe zaɓen inda ya doke dan takarar jam’iyyar PDP Abdullahi Sani Rogo da wasu ƴan takarar jam’iyyar 26. Gaya ya samu kashi 55.39% na kuri'un, yayin da Rogo ya samu kashi 37.77%.
Evelyn Joshua
Evelyn Joshua (an haife ta a ranar 17 ga watan Disamban 1968) limamin cocin Najeriya ce, ƴar jarida kuma ƴar kasuwa. Ita ce matar TB Joshua, kuma ta gaje shi a matsayin shugaban majami'a, Cocin All Nations bayan mutuwarsa.
Rayuwar farko
Ranar 17 ga watan Disamban 1968, an haifi Evelyn Joshua a Jihar Delta. Ita ƴar asalin al’ummar Okala Okpumo ce a Oshimili North, ƙaramar hukumar jihar Delta.
Rayuwa ta sirri
Evelyn ta auri TB Joshua tun 1990 har zuwa mutuwarsa a shekarar 2021. Tare da shi ta haifi ƴaƴa mata 3; Sarah Joshua, promise Joshua da Zuciya Joshua.
Zama sabon shugaban SCOAN
A ranar 11 ga watan Satumban 2021, SCOAN ta naɗa Evelyn, marigayiya matar TB Joshua, a matsayin sabon shugabanta.
A ranar 12 ga Yuni, 2023, Evelyn ta karbi bakuncin marigayi mijinta shekaru 60 a duniya a cikin rashinsa cikin kyakkyawan salo, a cewar jaridar Nation.
Fatuma Issa Maonyo
Fatuma Issa Maonyo (an haife ta a ranar 9 ga watan  Afrilu shekarar 1995) ƙwararriyar 'yar ƙwallon Tanzaniya ce wacce ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron baya ga Simba Queens da kuma ƙungiyar mata ta Tanzaniya.
Ayyukan kasa da kasa
A watan Yulin shekarar 2018, Maonyo ta lashe gasar cin kofin CECAFA ta mata ta shekarar 2018 da Tanzania bayan da ta doke Habasha da ci 4-1 a wasansu na karshe. An kuma yanke mata hukuncin mafi kyawun 'yar wasan gasar a karshen.
Nduka Obaigbena
Nduka Obaigbena CON, mai muƙamin Duke na daular, Owa Kingdom ne, wanda ya kafa, Chairman & Editan-in-Chief na THISDAY Media Group da ARISE News Channel.
Farkon rayuwa
An haife shi a Ibadan, Kudu maso Yamma, Najeriya a ranar 14 ga watan Yuli, 1959, a cikin gidan sarautar Owa, Jihar Delta.
Sana'a
Ya kafa jaridar Thisday ta Najeriya a shekarar 1995. A cikin shekara ta 2000 Obaigbena ya kafa lambar yabo ta Thisday Awards na shekara-shekara wanda ke karrama waɗanda suka ba da gudummawa ga al'ummar Najeriya a fagen siyasa, kasuwancin duniya, mata masu ban sha'awa, da manyan mutane a fannin ilimin Najeriya.
A cikin 2013 ya ƙaddamar da tashar labarai ta TV ta duniya tare da mayar da hankali kan Afirka, Arise News, sanya hannu kan kwangila tare da Globecast don watsa tauraron dan adam akan Astra 2G domin watsa shirye-shirye akan dandamali na Sky Sky UK, da kuma Hot Bird, daga biranen London, New York City, Johannesburg, Abuja, da Legas.
A shekarar 2021, Obaigbena bai cancanci yin aiki a matsayin darektan kamfani a Burtaniya na tsawon shekaru bakwai; alkali Raquel Agnello, yana yanke hukunci game da karar da mai karɓar hukuma ya gabatar, ya gano halinsa a matsayin darekta na Arise TV bai dace ba kuma kamfanin ya ci gaba da kasuwanci duk da "cikakkiyar rashin tabbas" game da kuɗaɗe.
Siyasa
Obaigbena ya kasance ɗan takarar majalisar dattawa a 1991. An zaɓe shi memba na taron Tsarin Mulki a 1994.
Majalisar ƙasa da ƙasa da kwamitoci
Obaigbena mai halarta ne akai-akai kuma mai gudanar da zaman taron tattalin arzikin duniya kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Kwamitin Zaɓe na Shugabannin Matasan Duniya na dandalin Tattalin Arziki na Duniya. Shi ne Shugaban Ƙungiyar Masu Mallakar Jarida ta Najeriya (NPAN) sannan kuma shugaban ƙungiyar ƴan jarida ta Najeriya – wanda ya hada da NPAN, kungiyar ƴan jarida ta ƙasa da kuma ƙungiyar editoci ta Najeriya inda abokinsa ne. Refs
ThisDay (Jarida)
Obaigbena ya fara buga jaridar Thisday Nigerian a shekarar 1995. A shekara ta 2000 ya kafa bikin bayar da lambar yabo ta Thisday Awards na shekara-shekara wanda ke karrama waɗanda suka ba da gudummawa ga al'ummar Najeriya a fagen siyasa, kasuwancin duniya, mata masu ban sha'awa, da kuma manyan masu faɗa a ji a fannin ilimin Najeriya.
Arise News (TV station)
A cikin 2013 ya ƙaddamar da tashar labarai ta TV ta duniya tare da mayar da hankali kan Afirka, Arise News, ta sanya hannu kan kwangila tare da Globecast, don watsa tauraron ɗan adam akan Astra 2G don watsa shirye-shirye akan dandamalin Sky Sky na UK, da kuma Hot Bird don rarraba kebul, mai tushe a London, New York City, Johannesburg, da kuma Legas.
Mujallar ARISE da ARISE Fashion Week
Ya kuma kafa Mujallar ARISE. An ƙaddamar da mujjalar ne a bikin THISDAY Music & Fashion Festival a dakin taro na Royal Albert Hall na Landan a ranar 14 ga Oktoba, 2008 kuma an yi amfani da makon FASHIN na ARISE (AFRICA) wanda ya fara a biranen Johannesburg da Cape Town, Afirka ta Kudu, daga baya kuma ya sami gida a Legas. Najeriya - bayan nunin da aka yi tare da ’yan wasan Afirka a dakin taro na Royal Albert, London; Kennedy Cibiyar, Washington DC; Lincoln Center, New York. Makon Kaya na ARISE shima ya nuna ƴan shekaru a The New York da Paris Fashion Weeks.
Ƙaddamar da Al'adu
Obaigbena ya fara bikin kiɗa da kaɗe-kaɗe na THISDAY a cikin 2006. Taron ya ƙunshi mawaƙan kiɗa da yawa kamar Beyonce, Jay Z, Rihanna, John Legend, Lionel Richie, Dianna Ross, Alicia Keys, Mary J Blige, Snoop Dogg, 50 Cent, Busta Rhyme, Black Eyed Peas, Missy Elliott, Usher, Naomi Campbell, Alec Wek, Liya Kedebe, Oluchi, da dai sauransu. Ya kuma ƙirƙiro manufar THISDAY Awards.
Rigima
Kafin ƙaddamar da tashar Arise News, wasu ma'aikata da masu samar da kayayyaki sun koka game da gazawar Obaigbena na cika wa'adin biya. Obaigbena ya biya dukkan basussukan ma'aikata. Kimanin shekaru uku da ƙaddamar da kafar yaɗa labarai ta Arise News, Obaigbena ya shiga cikin wani bincike da hukumar yaki da masu yi wa tattalin arzikin kasa zagon kasa ta Najeriya ta gudanar, wanda ke binciken kashe kuɗin wani asusu kimanin dala biliyan 2.1. Binciken da ya biyo baya ya shafi ayyukan Obaigbena. Game da wannan lokacin, ma'aikatan sun koka kuma sun ɗauki matakin aiki saboda jinkirin biyan kuɗin aikin su.
Kyauta
A watan Oktoban 2022, Shugaban Ƙasa Muhammadu Buhari ya ba Obaigbena lambar yabo ta ƙasa mai suna Kwamandan Hukumar Neja (CON) ta Najeriya.
Elliott Il
Elliott IlWani birni ne a cikin yankin jihar Illinois dake qasar amurka
Yakubu Yahaya Katsina
Yakubu Yahaya Katsina Daya daga cikin manyan almajiran Sheikh ibrahim zakzaky a birnin katsina. yana daga cikin almajiransa na farko tun bayan fara da'awar sheikh zakzaky a Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello Zaria.
Yakubu Yahya, ya kasance almajiri mai tarin ilimi kuma ana masa lakabi da likitan zukata. Mutanen yankin da yake jagoranta suna matukar son sa kuma an sanshi da kyakykywan alaka da mutane hatta wadanda ba yan shi'a ba.
Shine mutum na farko cikin mabiyan zakzaky da Gwamnatin Nigeria ta afkawa mabiyansa da yake jagoranta zuwa ga zakzaky, hakan ya shahara ta yadda kowa yasan da wannan zaluncin na Gwamnati da yan shi'a kewa lakabi da waki'ar 19th APRIL
Elkville
Elkville Wani birni ne a cikin yankin jihar Illinois dake qasar amurka
Ellis Grove Il
Ellis Grove IlWani birni ne a cikin yankin jihar Illinois dake qasar amurka
Kwalejin Salesian (Rupertswood)
Kolejin Salesian Roman Katolika ce mai zaman kanta, makarantar sakandare ta hadin gwiwa wacce take a Sunbury, Victoria, Ostiraliya. Kwalejin memba ce ta Kungiyar Wasanni na Makarantun Sakandare na Co-ilimi na Katolika (SACCSS).
Tarihi
Ƙungiyar Salesian ce ta kafa makarantar a cikin 1927, lokacin da Rupertswood Mansion, ɗaya daga cikin manyan gidaje masu zaman kansu a Victoria, aka gina don Sir William Clarke, an saya daga gidan ￼￼H.V McKay na masana'antu.
Kwalejin Salesian asalin makarantar kwana ce ta samari. Ƙaunar odar Salesian tana nufin cewa an haɗa yara maza "marasa gata" a matsayin masu shiga, musamman a farkon shekarun koleji. A cikin 1950s, makarantar ta fara shigar da daliban rana da kuma masu kwana. Bayan garin Sunbury na kusa ya girma a cikin 1980s, an shigar da 'yan mata a shekara ta 1997, makarantar ta zama cikakkiyar ilimin haɗin gwiwa kuma ta daina shiga ɗalibai.
Kwalejin yanzu tana kan filaye na gidan, wanda aka jera akan Victorian
Heritage Register.
Kwalejin Salesian tana da faffadan manhaja tun daga aikin noma zuwa hanyoyin sadarwa na gani, tare da nata kayan wasan motsa jiki, gami da wurin ninkaya na mita 25, babban filin wasa, filin wasan dawaki na kasa-kasa, da filin wasan kwallon kafa mai girman gaske.
Hukunce-hukuncen cin zarafin mata
An sami wasu hukunce-hukuncen da suka shafi lalata da malamai da firistoci a makarantar, musamman game da laifukan da aka aikata a cikin 1970s da 80s, ciki har da: Michael Aulsebrook, gaoled saboda lalata da wani ɗan shekara 12- tsohon dalibi a 1983;  da kuma a cikin 2016 don fyade, cin zarafi  Peter Paul van Ruth, wanda aka yanke masa hukumcin watanni 28 gaol a 2011 don cin zarafi ga yara maza biyu masu shekaru 12;  da kuma Frank Klep, tsohon shugaban kwalejin wanda "...an yanke masa hukunci a cikin 1994 na laifuka hudu na cin zarafi da suka shafi abubuwan da suka faru a cikin 1970s."
Wasu limamai daga kwalejin sun kai matsuguni tare da biyan diyya mai yawa ga wadanda aka kashe, bisa zargin cin zarafi, amma ba a yanke musu hukunci ba.
A ranar 30 ga Agusta 2013, David Rapson, tsohon mataimakin shugaban makaranta, an same shi da laifin zagi takwas da kuma fyade biyar da aka yi wa dalibai a Kwalejin Salesian tsakanin tsakiyar 1970s da 1990. Daga nan aka soke wannan hukuncin kuma aka sake yi masa shari’a. A shari'ar da ake yi masa an same shi da laifuka da dama na cin zarafi kuma an yanke masa hukuncin daurin shekaru 12 a gidan yari.
Julian Benedict Fox, tsohon shugaban masu tallace-tallace a Ostiraliya, kuma tsohon malami a Kwalejin Salesian Rupertswood da ke Sunbury, ya amsa laifinsa a ranar 28 ga Agusta 2015 zuwa laifuka uku na cin zarafi na yau da kullun, masu alaƙa da doke wasu yara maza uku tare da alamar ruwa a Kwalejin Salesian. a 1978 da 1979.
Tsofaffin dalibai
Ƙungiyar ɗaliban da suka gabata ita ce ƙungiyar tsofaffin ɗalibai na Rupertswood ga duk ɗalibai tun kafuwarta a cikin 1927. Wannan ƙungiyar tana haɗin gwiwa tare da sauran Ƙungiyoyin Ɗaliban da suka gabata Salesian a Ostiraliya da ma duniya baki ɗaya. Ƙungiyar na nufin haɓakawa da haɓaka ci gaba da haɗin gwiwa tare da kwalejin da kuma gina hanyoyin sadarwa da abokantaka da aka bunkasa tsawon shekaru.
Sadney Urikhob
Sadney Urikhob (an haife shi a shekara ta 1992) shi ne ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta Namibia wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba.
Tero FC Police
A cikin watan Yuli 2017, ya tabbatar da cewa ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar watanni 18 tare da sabon kulob na Police Tero a cikin Thai League 1, bayan ya tashi daga Super Power Samut Prakan wanda aka fi sani da dan wasan Osotspa a watan Disambar da ya gabata.
PSMS Medan
A ranar 26 ga watan Disamba 2017, Sadney ya sanya hannu kan kwangila tare da kulob din Indonesiya Liga 1 PSMS Medan akan canja wuri kyauta, tare da tsohon dan wasan tawagar kasar Indonesia, Yongki Aribowo.
Young Afirka SC
A cikin watan Yuli 2019, Urikhob ya shiga kulob din Tanzaniya Young Africans. A ranar 11 ga watan Disamba 2019 an tabbatar da cewa Urikob ya bar kulob din. Daga baya an bayyana cewa ya bar kungiyar ne da bukatarsa bayan da kungiyar ke ta faman biyan albashi.
Chiangmai FC
Ba tare da kulob ba, Urikhob ya koma Thailand ya koma Chiangmai a watan Fabrairu 2020.
MARPOL 73/78
Yarjejeniya ta kasa da kasa don rigakafin gurɓacewar ruwa daga jiragen ruwa, 1973 kamar yadda yarjejeniyar 1978 ta gyara, ko " MARPOL 73/78 " (gajeren " gurɓacewar ruwa") na ɗaya daga cikin muhimman yarjejeniyoyin muhalli na ruwa na ƙasa da ƙasa. Hukumar kula da jiragen ruwa ta kasa da kasa ce ta samar da ita da nufin rage gurbacewar ruwa da teku, gami da zubar da mai, da gurbatar iska.
An sanya hannu kan ainihin MARPOL a ranar 17 ga Fabrairu 1973, amma bai fara aiki ba a ranar da aka sanya hannu. Yarjejeniyar ta yanzu ita ce haɗuwa ta 1973 Convention da 1978 Protocol, wanda ya fara aiki a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 1983. Ya zuwa watan Janairun 2018, jihohi 156 ne ke cikin taron, kasancewar jihohin tuta na kashi 99.42% na yawan jigilar kayayyaki a duniya.
Dukkanin jiragen ruwa da aka yiwa alama a ƙarƙashin ƙasashen da suka rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar ta MARPOL suna ƙarƙashin buƙatunsa, ba tare da la’akari da inda za su tashi ba, kuma ƙasashe mambobi ne ke da alhakin jiragen ruwa da aka yi wa rajistar jiragen ruwa na ƙasa.
Tanadi
An raba MARPOL zuwa Annexes bisa ga nau'ikan gurɓatattun abubuwa, kowannensu yana magana ne game da ƙayyadaddun rukuni na hayaƙin jirgi.
Annex I
MARPOL Annex I ya fara aiki ne a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 1983 kuma yayi magana game da fitar da mai a cikin yanayin teku. Ya ƙunshi ka'idodin fitar da mai da aka tsara a cikin gyare-gyare na 1969 ga Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa ta 1954 don Kare Gurɓatar Ruwa ta Mai (OILPOL).
Yana ƙayyadad da fasalulluka na ƙirar tanka waɗanda aka yi niyya don rage yawan fitar da mai a cikin teku yayin ayyukan jirgin da kuma idan an samu hatsari. Yana ba da ka'idoji game da kula da ruwa na dakin injiniya ( OWS ) don duk manyan jiragen ruwa na kasuwanci da ballast da sharar tsaftace tanki ( ODME ). Har ila yau, ya gabatar da manufar "yankunan teku na musamman (PPSE)", wadanda ake ganin suna cikin hadarin gurbatar man fetur. An haramta zubar da mai a cikin su gaba daya, tare da wasu tsiraru kadan.
Rabin farko na MARPOL Annex I yana ma'amala da sharar dakin injin. Akwai ƙarnuka daban-daban na fasaha da kayan aiki waɗanda aka ƙera don hana sharar gida kamar masu raba ruwan mai (OWS), mita abun ciki na mai (OCM), da wuraren liyafar tashar jiragen ruwa.
Kashi na biyu na MARPOL Annex I yana da ƙarin alaƙa da tsaftace wuraren da ake ɗauka da tankuna. Kayan aikin sa ido kan fitar da mai (ODME) fasaha ce mai matukar muhimmanci da aka ambata a cikin MARPOL Annex I wanda ya taimaka matuka wajen inganta tsaftar muhalli a wadannan wurare.
Littafin rikodin mai wani muhimmin sashi ne na MARPOL Annex I, yana taimaka wa ma'aikatan jirgin su shiga da kuma lura da fitar da ruwa mai mai, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa.
Annex II
MARPOL Annex II ya fara aiki a ranar 6 ga Afrilu 1987. Ya ba da cikakken bayani game da ƙa'idodin fitarwa don kawar da gurɓataccen gurɓataccen ruwa ta abubuwa masu guba da aka ɗauka da yawa. Yana rarraba abubuwa zuwa ciki kuma yana gabatar da cikakkun matakan aiki da matakan aiki. Ana ba da izinin fitar da gurɓataccen abu ne kawai zuwa wuraren liyafar tare da wasu ƙira da tions. Koma dai menene, ba a yarda da fitar da ragowar abubuwan da ke ɗauke da gurɓataccen abu ba a cikin 12 nmi na ƙasa mafi kusa. Ƙuntataccen ƙuntatawa ya shafi "wuri na musamman".
Annex II ya ƙunshi Lambobin Sinadarai na Duniya (IBC Code) tare da Babi na 7 na Yarjejeniyar SOLAS. A baya can, tankunan sinadarai da aka gina kafin 1 July 1986 dole ne su bi ka'idodin Ka'idar Gina da Kayayyakin Jiragen Ruwa masu Haɗari Sinadarai a cikin Girma (Lambar BCH).
Ellisville Il
Ellisville IlWani birni ne a cikin yankin jihar Illinois dake qasar amurka
MARPOL 73/78
Annex IV
Marpol Annex IV ya fara aiki a ranar 27 ga Satumba 2003. Yana gabatar da buƙatu don sarrafa gurɓataccen ruwa ta hanyar najasa daga jiragen ruwa.
Elisworth Il
Elisworth IlWani birni ne a cikin yankin jihar Illinois dake qasar amurka
Ishaya Bakut
Ishaya Bakut (16 ga watan Agustan 1947 - 21 ga watan Maris 2015) ya kasance Gwamnan Soja na Jihar Benue a Najeriya daga Satumban 1986 zuwa Disambar 1987 a lokacin mulkin soja na Janar Ibrahim Babangida. Ya kasance Babban Kwamanda a Laberiya na rundunar ECOMOG ta yammacin Afirka daga Satumban 1991 zuwa Disambar 1992.
Haihuwa da ilimi
An haifi Ishaya Bakut a ranar 16 ga watan Agustan 1947 a Kurmi-Bi, Zonkwa a ƙaramar hukumar Kachia dake jihar Kaduna. Ya halarci Kwalejin Gwamnati da ke Kaduna daga 1961 zuwa 1965 akan Shell BP Scholarship. A shekarar 1966 ya tafi makarantar horas da sojoji ta Najeriya dake Kaduna, inda ya kammala a watan Maris 1969, lokacin da aka ba shi muƙamin Laftanar na biyu. Ya halarci Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello, Zaria daga 1971 zuwa 1975 inda ya sami digiri na biyu (BSc Engineering). Ya halarci Makarantar Injiniya ta Amurka daga 1977 zuwa 1978, Kwalejin Umurni da Ma’aikata, Jaji daga 1979 zuwa 1980 da Kwalejin Tsaro ta ƙasa, New Delhi a shekarar 1985 inda ya sami MSc.
Farkon aikin soja
Ya kasance Kwamandan Kamfani kuma Kwamandan Bataliya a Sojojin Ƙasa a lokacin yaƙin basasar Najeriya daga 1969 zuwa 1970. An naɗa shi Kwamandan Birgediya Injiniya ta 41 da ke Kaduna a shekarar 1976 kuma ya zama Babban Jami’in Ayyuka, Operational Engineering. Ya yi aiki a cikin tawagar Najeriya ta tawagar wanzar da zaman lafiya ta UNIFIL a ƙasar Lebanon a watan Afrilun 1980 zuwa Fabrairun 1981. Sauran muƙaman sun haɗa da Directing Command and Staff College, Jaji (1981-1983), Colonel, General Staff and Army Headquarters, Legas, da Kwamanda 41 Injiniya Brigade, Kaduna.
Daga baya aiki
Col. An naɗa Bakut Gwamnan Soja na Jihar Benue a ranar 18 ga watan Satumban 1986. Babu wani babban ci gaba a jihar a lokacin mulkinsa, wanda ya ƙare a watan Disambar 1987.
An naɗa shi Babban Kwamanda a Laberiya na rundunar ECMOG ta yammacin Afirka a ranar 28 ga watan Satumban 1991. Ya bayyana aniyar sa cewa ECOMOG za ta kasance rundunar wanzar da zaman lafiya ba tare da nuna son kai ba kuma ba ta siyasa ba. Ba da daɗewa ba, sojojin ƙasar Senegal sun isa domin ƙarfafa ECOMOG, daga bisani kuma aka tura su gundumar Bong domin shirin kwance ɗamarar dakarun ƴan tawaye. Sai dai Charles Taylor ya umurci sojojinsa da su kai farmaki kan ƴan ƙasar Senegal, waɗanda Bakut ya lallashe su da ƙyar su ci gaba da kare kansu. Jim kaɗan bayan ƴan Senegal sun janye daga aikin. An sanar da maye gurbinsa da Birgediya Adetunji Olurin a watan Oktoban 1992, lokacin da Charles Taylor ya kai harin ta'addanci a Monrovia. Da ƙyar sojojinsa suka ci gaba da riƙe wasu sassan birnin har sai da Olurin ya isa a watan Disambar 1992.
A shekarar 1995 ya kasance Babban Jami'in Babban Hafsan Sojoji, Laftanar Janar Oladipo Diya.
Mutuwa
A ranar 21 ga watan Maris 2015, ya mutu yana da shekaru 67.
MARPOL 73/78
Annex V
MARPOL Annex V ( Dokokin Kare Gurɓatar Ruwa daga Sharar Ruwa ) sun fara aiki a ranar 31 ga Disamba 1988. Ya fayyace nisa daga ƙasar da za a iya zubar da kayan a ciki da kuma rarraba nau'ikan datti da tarkace na ruwa. Abubuwan buƙatun sun fi tsauri sosai a cikin “wuri na musamman” amma wataƙila babban ɓangaren Annex shine cikakken hana zubar da robobi a cikin teku.
Annex VI
MARPOL Annex VI ya fara aiki a ranar 19 ga Mayu 2005. Yana gabatar da buƙatu don daidaita gurɓataccen iska da jiragen ruwa ke fitarwa, gami da fitar da abubuwan da ke rage iskar oxygen, Nitrogen Oxides (NOx), Sulfur Oxides (SOx), Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) da ƙona jirgin ruwa. Har ila yau, ya kafa buƙatu don wuraren liyafar don sharar gida daga tsarin tsaftacewar iskar gas, incinerators, ingancin man fetur, dandamali a gefen teku da ma'adinan hakowa, da kuma kafa wuraren da ake sarrafawa na Sulfur Emission (SECAs).
IMO 2020
Tun daga ranar 1 ga Janairu, 2020, ana aiwatar da sabbin ka'idoji don fitar da man fetur da jiragen ruwa ke amfani da su, a cikin ƙa'idar da aka sani da IMO 2020. Matsakaicin sulfur na duniya (a wajen SECA's) ya ragu daga 3.5% sulfur da aka yarda a cikin man ruwa zuwa 0.5%. Wannan zai inganta ingancin iska sosai a yankuna da dama na bakin teku da tashar jiragen ruwa, wanda zai hana sama da mutuwar 100,000 da wuri a kowace shekara, da sauran cututtukan fuka a waɗannan yankuna da biranen. Sama da kasashe 170 ne suka rattaba hannu kan sauye-sauyen, ciki har da Amurka. Ana sa ran wannan zai haifar da sauye-sauye masu yawa ga masana'antun jigilar kayayyaki da mai, tare da manyan sabuntawa da ake buƙata ga jiragen ruwa da ƙara yawan samar da man fetur na sulfur.
Man fetur da ake amfani da shi a cikin yankin sarrafa hayaki (watau Tekun Arewa) dole ne ya sami matakin abun ciki na sulfur ƙasa da 0.1% (1000ppm).
IMO ta yi aiki don tabbatar da aiwatar da daidaitaccen aiwatar da iyakar 0.5% na sulfur a cikin Kwamitin Kare Muhalli na Marine (MEPC) da kuma karamin kwamitinta kan Rigakafin Kariya da Amsa (PPR). Wannan ya haifar da ci gaba akan matakai da yawa na tsari da ayyuka (FONAR's, Carriage Ban, Shirin Aiwatar da Jirgin ruwa da dai sauransu) don ba da damar gano duk wani rashin bin ka'ida, misali yayin ikon sarrafa tashar jiragen ruwa (PSC's).
gyare-gyare
MARPOL Annex VI gyare-gyare bisa ga MEPC 176(58) ya fara aiki 1 Yuli 2010.
Dokoki 12 da aka gyara sun shafi sarrafawa da rikodi na Abubuwan Rage Ozone.
An gyara MARPOL Annex V sau da yawa, yana canza sassa daban-daban na ainihin rubutun.
MEPC.219(63) ta fara aiki ne a ranar 2 ga Maris 2012 don hana fitar da duk wani datti a cikin teku, ban da sharar abinci, ragowar kaya, ruwan wanka, da gawar dabbobi. Akwai ƙarin tanadin da ke bayyana lokacin da yadda za a zubar da sharar da aka yarda da ita.
MEPC.220(63) ta fara aiki ne a ranar 2 ga Maris, 2012 don karfafa samar da tsarin sarrafa shara a cikin jiragen ruwa.
Elmwood Il
Elmwood IlWani birni ne a cikin yankin jihar Illinois dake qasar amurka
MARPOL 73/78
Aiwatar da aiwatarwa
Domin ƙa'idodin IMO su kasance masu ɗaurewa, dole ne a fara tabbatar da su ta hanyar jimlar adadin ƙasashe membobi waɗanda haɗin jimlar ton ɗin su ke wakiltar aƙalla kashi 50% na babban tonnage na duniya, tsari wanda zai iya tsayi. Don haka an samar da tsarin karbuwa ta hanyar da ba ta dace ba, wanda idan ba a ji wata adawa daga wata kasa ba bayan wani lokaci da ya wuce, ana zaton sun amince da yarjejeniyar.
Dukkanin annexes shida an tabbatar da su ta adadin da ake buƙata na ƙasashe; na baya-bayan nan shine Annex VI, wanda ya fara aiki a watan Mayun 2005. Ƙasar da jirgin ruwa ya yi rajista ( Jihar Tuta ) ita ke da alhakin tabbatar da amincin jirgin da ƙa'idodin rigakafin gurɓataccen gurɓataccen yanayi na MARPOL. Kowace al'ummar da ta rattaba hannu tana da alhakin samar da dokokin cikin gida don aiwatar da yarjejeniyar kuma ta yi alƙawarin yin aiki yadda ya kamata don bin yarjejeniyoyin, abubuwan haɗin gwiwa, da dokokin da suka shafi sauran ƙasashe. A {asar Amirka, alal misali, dokokin aiwatar da abin da ya dace shine Dokar Hana Gurbacewa daga Jirgin ruwa.
Ɗaya daga cikin matsalolin aiwatar da MARPOL ya taso ne daga yanayin jigilar ruwa na duniya. Kasar da jirgin ya ziyarta za ta iya gudanar da nata jarrabawar don tabbatar da cewa jirgin ya bi ka'idojin kasa da kasa kuma za ta iya tsare jirgin idan ya ga rashin bin ka'ida. Lokacin da al'amura suka faru a wajen irin wannan ikon ko ikon ƙasar ba za a iya tantance su ba, ƙasar tana mayar da ƙararraki zuwa jihohin tuta, daidai da MARPOL. Rahoton GAO na 2000 na Amurka ya rubuta cewa ko da lokacin da aka yi masu magana, yawan martani daga jihohin tuta ya kasance mara kyau.
A ranar 1 ga Janairu, 2015, matakan jigilar ruwa na ruwa sun zama bisa doka bisa sabbin umarnin MARPOL saboda yankin SECA (Yankin Sarrafa Sulfur) ya ƙaru da girma. Wannan yanki mafi girma na SECA zai haɗa da Tekun Arewa, Scandinavia, da sassan tashar Turanci. Wannan yanki an saita shi don haɗa da duk ruwan Jamhuriyar Ireland a cikin 2020 wanda ya ƙare a cikin duk ƙa'idodin Yammacin Turai ga umarnin MARPOL. Wannan ya tabbatar da cece-kuce ga masu jigilar kayayyaki da jiragen ruwa a fadin Turai.
An nuna damuwa game da lalacewar muhalli da ke komawa kan tituna daga wasu manyan kamfanonin jiragen ruwa waɗanda ke jigilar kaya da fasinja masu yawa ta waɗannan hanyoyin da ƙa'idodin IMO ya shafa. Suna da'awar cewa MARPOL za ta haɓaka farashin jirgin ruwa ga mabukaci da kamfanonin jigilar kayayyaki don tura su kan hanyoyin Turai a matsayin ma'auni mafi inganci na kuɗi idan aka kwatanta da ƙarin farashin jiragen ruwa, ta yadda za a shawo kan abin da ke rage gurɓataccen ruwa.
Ƙaddamar da MARPOL Annex VI
An kuma tayar da damuwa ko ka'idar fitar da hayaki a cikin MARPOL Annex VI, kamar iyakar sulfur na duniya na 0.5%, za a iya aiwatar da shi a kan ruwan kasa da kasa ta kasashen da ba su da tuta, yayin da wasu jiragen ruwa ke tafiya a karkashin tutar saukaka. An yi imani da cewa Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Dokar Bahar ( UNCLOS ) ta ba da damar jihohi masu tashar jiragen ruwa su tabbatar da ikon su a kan irin wannan cin zarafi na ka'idojin fitar da hayaki (har ma da ka'idojin GHG na gaba) lokacin da suka faru a kan manyan tekuna. Jihohin gabar teku na iya tabbatar da hukumci kan cin zarafi da ke faruwa a cikin ruwansu, tare da wasu keɓancewa dangane da hanyar da ba ta da laifi da haƙƙin wucewa. Abubuwan wajibai na musamman na Jihohin tuta da faɗaɗa ikon jihohi na bakin teku da tashar jiragen ruwa, don tilasta MARPOL (ciki har da Annex VI) ana samun su a cikin tanadi na musamman na sashe na XII na UNCLOS.
Elmhurst Il
Elmhurst IlWani birni ne a cikin yankin jihar Illinois dake qasar amurka