cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Eleanor Roosevelt
Aure da rayuwar iyali
A lokacin rani na 1902, Roosevelt ta ci karo da kakanin mahaifinta na biyar, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, a kan jirgin zuwa Tivoli, New York. Su biyun sun fara musayar sirri da soyayya, kuma sun yi aiki a ranar 22 ga Nuwamba, 1903. [28] Mahaifiyar Franklin, Sara Ann Delano, ta ƙi ƙungiyar kuma ta yi masa alƙawarin cewa ba za a sanar da wannan yarjejeniyar a hukumance ba har tsawon shekara guda. "Na san irin azabar da zan yi muku," ya rubuta wa mahaifiyarsa shawarar da ya yanke. Amma, ya kara da cewa, "Na san tunanina, na kuma san shi na dogon lokaci, kuma na san cewa ba zan taba tunanin wani abu ba." [29] Sara ta ɗauki ɗanta a cikin jirgin ruwa a Caribbean a cikin 1904, tana fatan cewa rabuwa zai gurbata soyayya, amma Franklin ya ƙuduri aniyar. [29] An shirya ranar daurin aure don karbar Shugaba Theodore Roosevelt, wanda aka shirya zai kasance a New York City don bikin St. Patrick's Day, kuma wanda ya yarda ya ba da amarya. [30]
Ma'auratan sun yi aure ne a ranar 17 ga Maris, 1905, a wani bikin da Endicott Peabody, shugaban ango a makarantar Groton ya shirya. cousinan uwanta Christine Douglas Robinson amarya ce. Theodore Roosevelt da ya halarci bikin shine labarai na shafin farko a jaridar New York Times da sauran jaridu. Lokacin da aka nemi ra'ayoyin sa game da kungiyar ta Roosevelt-Roosevelt, shugaban ya ce, "Abu ne mai kyau mutum ya sa sunan a cikin dangi." Ma'auratan sun kwashe farkon sati na farko na mako guda a Hyde Park, sannan suka fara aikin gadin gida a wani gida a New York. Wannan bazara da suka tafi a kan su m gudun amarci, a wata uku yawon shakatawa na kasashen Turai. [32]
Returning to the U.S., the newlyweds settled in a New York City house that was provided by Franklin's mother, as well as in a second residence at the family's estate overlooking the Hudson River in Hyde Park, New York. From the beginning, Roosevelt had a contentious relationship with her controlling mother-in-law. The townhouse that Sara gave to them was connected to her own residence by sliding doors, and Sara ran both households in the decade after the marriage. Early on, Roosevelt had a breakdown in which she explained to Franklin that "I did not like to live in a house which was not in any way mine, one that I had done nothing about and which did not represent the way I wanted to live", but little changed.[33] Sara also sought to control the raising of her grandchildren, and Roosevelt reflected later that "Franklin's children were more my mother-in-law's children than they were mine".[34] Roosevelt's eldest son James remembered Sara telling her grandchildren, "Your mother only bore you, I am more your mother than your mother is."[34] Roosevelt da Franklin suna da yarashida:
Duk da cewa tayi ciki har sau shida, Roosevelt bata son yin jima'i da mijinta. Ta taɓa gaya wa ’yarta Anna cewa“ matsala ce da za a haihu ”. [35] Ta kuma dauki kanta cewa ba ta dace da matsayin uwa ba, daga baya ta rubuta, "Ba ta al'ada ce a gare ni don fahimtar ƙananan yara ko jin daɗin su ba". [34]
A watan Satumbar 1918, Roosevelt ta buya akwatunan jakadanta na Franklin lokacin da ta gano wata wasiƙar ƙauna zuwa gare shi daga sakatariyar zamantakewarta, Lucy Mercer. Ya kasance yana tunanin barin matarsa don Mercer. Koyaya, sakamakon matsin lamba daga mai ba shi shawara kan siyasa, Louis Howe, da kuma daga mahaifiyarsa, waɗanda suka yi barazanar rabuwa da Franklin idan ya bi ta hanyar kashe aure, ma'auratan sun yi aure. [36] Haɗinsu daga wannan lokacin daga wancan haɓakar siyasa ne. Rashin rikicewa, Roosevelt ya sake zama mai aiki a rayuwar jama'a, yana mai da hankali sosai ga aikin zamantakewarsa maimakon rawar da yake mata. [37]
This proved a turning point in Roosevelt and Sara's long-running struggle, and as Eleanor's public role grew, she increasingly broke from Sara's control. Tensions between Sara and Roosevelt over her new political friends rose to the point that the family constructed a cottage at Val-Kill, in which Roosevelt and her guests lived when Franklin and the children were away from Hyde Park. Roosevelt herself named the place Val-Kill, loosely translated as "waterfall-stream" from the Dutch language common to the original European settlers of the area. Franklin encouraged his wife to develop this property as a place where she could implement some of her ideas for work with winter jobs for rural workers and women. Each year, when Roosevelt held a picnic at Val-Kill for delinquent boys, her granddaughter Eleanor Roosevelt Seagraves assisted her. She was close to her grandmother throughout her life. Seagraves concentrated her career as an educator and librarian on keeping alive many of the causes Roosevelt began and supported.
In 1924, tayi neman zabe ma Democrat Alfred E. Smith in his successful re-election bid as governor of New York State against the Republican nominee and her first cousin Theodore Roosevelt Jr. Theodore never forgave Roosevelt. Her aunt, Anna Roosevelt Cowles, publicly broke with her after the election. She wrote to her niece, "I just hate to have Eleanor let herself look as she does. Though never handsome, she always had to me a charming effect, but alas and lackaday! Since politics have become her choicest interest all her charm has disappeared..." Roosevelt dismissed Bamie's criticisms by referring to her as an "aged woman". However, Bamie and Roosevelt eventually reconciled.
'Yar tsohuwar Theodore Alice ita ma ta fasa tare da Roosevelt a kan kamfen ɗin ta. Alice ita da kawarta sun yi sulhu bayan ɗan ƙarshen sun rubuta wa Alice wasiƙar ta’aziyya game da mutuwar ’yar Alice, Paulina Longworth.
Roosevelt da 'yarta Anna sun sami kansu cikin damuwa bayan da ta kama wasu ayyukan zamantakewa na mahaifiyarta a Fadar White House. Dangantaka ta kara tabarbarewa saboda Roosevelt yana matukar son ya tafi tare da mijinta zuwa Yalta a watan Fabrairun 1945 (watanni biyu kafin mutuwar FDR), amma ya dauki Anna a maimakon. Bayan 'yan shekaru bayan haka, su biyu sun sami damar yin sulhu da hadin gwiwa kan ayyuka da yawa. Anna ta kula da mahaifiyarta lokacin da take fama da rashin lafiya a shekara ta 1962.
Sean Roosevelt Elliott ya rubuta litattafai da yawa, gami da jerin abubuwan ban mamaki waɗanda mahaifiyarsa ce jami'in bincike. Koyaya, William Harrington ya bincika kuma ya rubuta waɗannan asirin kisan. Sun ci gaba har zuwa mutuwar Harrington a 2000, shekaru goma bayan mutuwar Elliott. Tare da James Brough, Elliot kuma ya rubuta wani littafi na sirri game da iyayensa wanda ake kira The Roosevelts of Hyde Park: Labarin Untold, wanda a ciki ya bayyana cikakkun bayanai game da rayuwar jima'i na iyayensa, gami da alaƙar mahaifinsa tare da farka Lucy Mercer da sakatare Marguerite ( "Missy") LeHand, da kuma cikakkun bayanai masu hoto game da cutar da ta gurgunta mahaifinsa. An buga shi a 1973, tarihin rayuwar ya kuma ƙunshi mahimman bayanai game da takarar FDR don mataimakin shugaban ƙasa, hawan sa zuwa kan mulki na New York, da kuma kama ragamar shugabancin sa a 1932, musamman tare da taimakon Louis Howe. Lokacin da Elliott ya buga wannan littafin a cikin 1973, Franklin Delano Roosevelt Jr. ya jagoranci la'antar dangi game da shi; siban uwan Elliot sun ƙi littafin. Wani daga cikin 'yan uwan, James, ya buga My Iyali, mai Banbancin Ra'ayoyi (tare da Bill Libby, 1976), wanda aka rubuta a sashi don mayar da martani ga littafin Elliot. Misali ga An Untold Labari tare da James Brough, wanda aka buga a cikin 1975 kuma mai taken A Rendez tsananin Tare da Kaddara, ya ɗauki nauyin Roosevelt zuwa ƙarshen Yaƙin Duniya na II. Uwar R ..: Eleanor Roosevelt's Untold Labari, shima tare da Brough, an buga shi a 1977. Eleanor Roosevelt, tare da Loveauna: Tunawa da Centenary, ya fito ne a cikin 1984. A cikin shekarun 1930, Roosevelt ya kasance yana da kusanci sosai da matattakalar jirgin sama Amelia Earhart. Lokaci guda, su biyun sun fice daga Fadar White House kuma sun tafi wata liyafar da ta shirya bikin. Bayan tashi da Earhart, Roosevelt ta sami izinin ɗalibai amma ba ta ci gaba da shirye-shiryenta na koyon tashi ba. Franklin bai dace da matarsa ba ta zama matukin jirgi. Koyaya, matan biyun sun yi ta tattaunawa koda yaushe a rayuwarsu.
Roosevelt kuma tana da dangantaka ta kusa da Associated Press (AP) labaru Lorena Hickok, wanda ya rufe ta a lokacin da na karshe watanni na yakin neman zabe da kuma "fadi a wajenka, a soyayya tare da ita". [52] A wannan lokacin, Roosevelt ya rubuta wasiƙu 10-shafi 15 zuwa 15 ga "Hick", wanda ke shirin rubuta tarihin rayuwar Uwargidan Shugaban. [53] Harrufan sun hada da irin wannan soyayya kamar, "Ina so in sanya maku hannuwana in sumbace ku a kusurwar bakinku," kuma, "Ba zan iya sumbantar ku ba, don haka ina sumbantar 'hotonku' ina kwana da safe! A bikin rantsarwar da Franklin ya yi a 1933, Roosevelt ta sa zoben safen safiya wanda Hickok ya yi mata. FBI Darakta J. Edgar Hoover ya yi watsi da sassaucin ra'ayi na Roosevelt, matsayin sa game da 'yancin jama'a, da ita da kuma sukar da mijinta ke da ita game da dabarun sanya ido na Hoover, don haka Hoover ya kiyaye babban fayil akan Roosevelt,  wanda masu shirya finafinan biopic J Edgar (2011) ya nuna hadewar tabbatar da wannan alakar, wacce Hoover yayi niyyar bata sunan Roosevelt. Hickok ya rikita shi a matsayin mai ba da rahoto, ba da daɗewa ba Hickok ya sake murabus daga matsayinta tare da AP don kusanci da Roosevelt, wanda ya amintar da ita ta yi aiki a matsayin mai bincika shirin New Deal. [58]
Akwai tattaunawa mai yawa game da ko Roosevelt ya yi jima'i da Hickok. Sananne ne a cikin kungiyar 'yan jaridu ta fadar White House a lokacin Hickok' yar madigo ce. Masana, ciki har da Lillian Faderman da Hazel Rowley, [60] sun tabbatar da cewa akwai wani bangare na zahiri ga dangantakar, yayin da masanin ilimin halitta Hickok Doris Faber ya kafa hujja da cewa jumlolin marasa tushe sun yaudari masana tarihi. Doris Kearns Goodwin ta fada a cikin asusun bada lambobin yabo na Pulitzer na shekara ta 1994 - wanda Hick da Eleanor suka zarce sumbata da hular "ba za a iya tantance su da tabbas ba. [61] Roosevelt ya kasance abokai na kusa da wasu ma'aurata 'yan madigo, kamar Nancy Cook da Marion Dickerman, da Esther Lape da Elizabeth Fisher Karanta, suna ba da shawara cewa ta fahimci' yar madigo; Marie Souvestre, malamin koyar da yara na Roosevelt kuma yana da tasiri sosai a tunaninta daga baya, ita ma 'yar madigo ce. [60] Faber ya buga wasu labaran Roosevelt da Hickok a 1980, amma ya kammala cewa furucin soyayyastruck kawai shine "murkushe makarantar da ba a saba ba" kuma ya gargadi masana tarihi da kada su yaudare. [61] Mai Bincike Leila J. Rupp ta soki hujjar Faber, ta kira littafinta "nazarin shari'ar a tsakanin maza da mata" da kuma jayayya cewa ba a sani ba Faber "shafi bayan shafi na shaidu wanda ke bayyana ci gaban da bunkasar alakar soyayya tsakanin matan biyu". A 1992, malamin tarihin rayuwar Blanse Wiesen Cook, Roosevelt ya ba da hujjar cewa, dangantakar ta gaskiya ce, ta jawo hankalin} asa. Wata takarda ta 2011 da Russell Baker ya sake yin bitar wasu bayanai biyu na tarihin rayuwar Roosevelt a cikin New York Review of Littattafai ( Franklin da Eleanor: Wani Babban Aure, wanda Hazel Rowley, da Eleanor Roosevelt: Uwargidan Shugaban forman Canji, na Maurine H. Beasley) ta ce, "Wannan Haɗin Hickok ya kasance mai son rai yanzu da alama ya wuce gardama idan aka duba abin da aka sani game da haruffan da suka yi musayar. " Dangantakar Roosevelt da Miller ta faru ne a daidai lokacin da mijinta yake da wata jita-jita ta dangantaka da sakataren sa, Marguerite "Missy" LeHand. Smith ya rubuta, "da mamaki, duka ER da Franklin sun yarda, sun karɓa, kuma sun ƙarfafa shirin ... Eleanor da Franklin mutane ne masu ƙaunar juna waɗanda ke kulawa da farin ciki da juna amma sun gaza iyawarsu don samar da abin." [70] Roosevelt da Miller ta dangantaka aka ce sun ci gaba har sai ta mutuwa a 1962. Suna zaton sun corresponded kullum, amma duk da haruffa da aka rasa. A cewar jita-jitar, an sayi haruffan kuma ba a san su ba, ko kuma an kulle ta yayin da ta mutu. [71]
Eleanor Roosevelt a bayyane ya nuna rashin amincewa ga Yahudawa masu arziki a cikin shekarar 1918, inda suka gaya wa surukarta cewa “partyan yahudawa [ya kasance] abin tsoro. . . . Ba na taba son jin kudi, kayan ado ko sabulu da aka sake ambata. " .  Lokacin da ta zama ma'aikaci na makarantar Todhunter a New York City, an yarda da adadin yahudawa. Yawancin ɗaliban sun kasance Furotesta a cikin manya, sannan Roosevelt ya ce ruhun makarantar "zai bambanta idan da yawan yaran yahudawa." Ta ce matsalar ba wai kawai yawa ce ba amma inganci, tunda yahudawa “sun bambanta da kanmu” kuma har yanzu ba su isa ba. Kishiyarta ba ta ragu ba, musamman yadda abokantakarta da Bernard Baruch ke ƙaruwa.  Bayan Yaƙin Duniya na II sai ta zama zakara a fagen Isra'ila, wanda ta yi alfahari da ita saboda ƙwarin gwiwarta ga ƙimomin New Deal.
Bayan farawa ta rashin lafiya Franklin a cikin 1921, Roosevelt ta fara kasancewa a matsayin miji na gajiyayyu mara miji, ta bayyanar da jama'a a madadinsa, wanda Louis Howe ke koyar dashi a hankali. [80] Ta kuma fara aiki tare da Kungiyar Kasuwancin Mata (WTUL), ta tara kuɗi don tallafawa ƙungiyar ƙungiyar: awanni 48 na aiki, mafi ƙarancin albashi, da kuma soke ƙwadago yara. A cikin 1920s, Roosevelt ya zama mai tasiri sosai a matsayin jagora a Jam'iyyar Democratic State New York yayin da Franklin tayi amfani da abokan huldar ta tsakanin matan Demokiradiya don karfafa matsayinsa tare da su, tare da samun babban burinsu na ciyar da jihar gaba. [80] A shekarar 1924, ta yi kamfen din Democrat Alfred E. Smith a cikin nasarar da ya samu na sake zabensa a matsayin gwamnan jihar New York kan dan takarar Republican da dan uwanta Theodore Roosevelt Jr. [47] Franklin sun yi magana game da "tir da kai" Theodore rikodin "a matsayin Mataimakin Sakatare Navy a lokacin cin zarafin Teapot Dome, kuma a cikin sa, Theodore ya ce game da shi," Yana da wata mummunar cuta! Ba ya suturar da sunan danginmu, "wanda ya fusata ta. Ta kare Theodore kan hanyar kamfen din jihar New York a cikin wata motar da ta dace da papier-mâché bonnet wacce aka yi kama da katon teapot wanda aka yi don fitar da tururi mai sauki (don tunawa da masu jefa kuri'a game da tunanin Theodore, amma daga baya ya rikide, haɗin kan abin kunya), kuma ya yi magana da jawabinta da na nata, suna kiran shi ba ya gaza. Daga baya za ta murkushe wadannan hanyoyin, ta yarda cewa suna kasa da mutuncin ta amma tana cewa "Jam'iyyar Demokradiyya ce ta lalata su". Theodore ya ci da kuri'u 105,000, kuma bai taba yafe mata ba. A shekarar 1928, Roosevelt ya inganta dan takarar Smith a takarar shugaban kasa da kuma nadin Franklin a matsayin dan takarar jam'iyyar Democrat na gwamnan New York, wanda zai gaje shi. Kodayake Smith bai yi takarar shugabancin kasa ba, amma Franklin ya ci nasara kuma Roosevelts ya koma cikin gidan gwamna a Albany, New York. [82] A lokacin mulkin Franklin a matsayin gwamna, Roosevelt ya yi balaguro a cikin jihar don yin jawabai da kuma duba cibiyoyin jihar a madadinsa, yana ba da labarin abin da ta gano a ƙarshen tafiya. [83]
A shekarar 1927, ta hada kai da abokanta Marion Dickerman da Nancy Cook wajen siyan makarantar ' Todhunter for Girls', makarantar da ta kammala, wanda kuma ya bayar da kwasa-kwasan karatun kwaleji, a birnin New York. A cikin makarantar, Roosevelt ya koyar da manyan darussan a cikin wallafe-wallafen Amurka da tarihin, yana ƙarfafa tunani mai zaman kansa, abubuwan da ke faruwa a yanzu, da kuma aiki tare da zamantakewa. Ta ci gaba da koyar da karatun kwana uku a mako yayin da FDR ke aiki a matsayin gwamna, amma an tilasta ta barin koyarwa bayan zabensa na shugaban kasa. [85] Roosevelt became First Lady of the United States when Franklin was inaugurated on March 4, 1933. Having known all of the twentieth century's previous First Ladies, she was seriously depressed at having to assume the role, which had traditionally been restricted to domesticity and hostessing. Her immediate predecessor, Lou Henry Hoover, had ended her feminist activism on becoming First Lady, stating her intention to be only a "backdrop for Bertie." Eleanor's distress at these precedents was severe enough that Hickok subtitled her biography of Roosevelt "Reluctant First Lady".
In the first year of her husband's administration, Roosevelt was determined to match his presidential salary, and she earned $75,000 from her lectures and writing, most of which she gave to charity. By 1941, she was receiving lecture fees of $1,000, and was made an honorary member of Phi Beta Kappa at one of her lectures to celebrate her achievements.
Roosevelt maintained a heavy travel schedule in her twelve years in the White House, frequently making personal appearances at labor meetings to assure Depression-era workers that the White House was mindful of their plight. In one famous cartoon of the time from The New Yorker magazine (June 3, 1933), satirizing a visit she had made to a mine, an astonished coal miner, peering down a dark tunnel, says to a co-worker, "For gosh sakes, here comes Mrs. Roosevelt!"
Sinder
Sinder wani yankunan ƙungiyar karkara dake a cikin Tillabéri yankin na Nijar da kuma gida ga Wogo mutane. Yaren farko da ake magana da shi shine Wogo ciné, wanda ke cikin dangin Songlai / Zarma na harsuna. Aikin farko a Sinder shine aikin gona da kamun kifi. Manyan amfanin gona a yankin sun haɗa da shinkafa, masara, barkono, albasa, da hatsi kamar manioc, gero, da dawa, da Okoro yayin damina.
Tarihi
Wani sarki wanda ya tsere daga Gao a lokacin faɗuwar Daular Songhai ya kafa ƙungiya. A yau, Mamoudou Djingarey ne ke mulkin ta, zuriyar sarki na farko.
Xi Shi
Xi Shi ( Hsi Shih ; fassara ta zahiri "(Uwargida) Shi ta Yamma"), a cewar almara, ɗaya daga cikin mashahuran Kyawawa Huɗu na tsohuwar China. An ce ta rayu a ƙarshen lokacin bazara da kaka a Zhuji, babban birnin tsohuwar jihar Yue.
A cikin labarun gargajiya, an sanya wa Xi Shi suna Shi Yiguang (施 夷 光). Ministar Yue Fan Li ce ta gano ta kuma Sarki Goujian na Yue ya ba wa Fuchai na Wu a wani aikin jima'i wanda ya yi nasarar saukar da Jihar Wu a 473 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa. Wannan asusun ya fara bayyana a cikin bazara da kaka Annals na Wu da Yue da aka buga ƙarni biyar bayan cin nasara, kuma babu shi gaba ɗaya a cikin ayyukan farko kamar Guoyu, Zuo zhuan, da Records of the Grand Historian.
An san Xi Shi, Wang Zhaojun, Diao Chan da Yang Guifei a matsayin "Kyawawa Huɗu a Tsohuwar China", daga ciki Xi Shi ne na farko.
Bayyana
An ce kyawun Xi Shi ya wuce kima inda yayin da take jingina kan baranda don kallon kifin da ke cikin kandami, kifin zai dimauce har ya manta yin iyo da nutsewa a ƙasa. Wannan bayanin ya zama ma'ana a bayan haruffa biyu na farko na ƙarin magana na 沉魚落雁, 閉月羞花( pinyin ),  yana nufin ƙawa huɗu, wanda ake amfani da shi don yabon kyawun mace, ma'ana mutum yana da kyau tana nutse kifaye kuma tana ruɗar da tsuntsaye su faɗi, ta rufe duhuwar wata kuma ta kunyata furanni, (a zahiri 'Kifi nutsewa/Kyankyawan Ruwa, Wata hide/Flower kunya ').
Labarin Xi Shi
Sarki Fuui na Wu ya taɓa ɗaure Sarki Goujian na Yue bayan kayen da ya sha a yaki, daga baya Yue ta zama mai ba da haraji ga Wu. A asirce yana shirin ɗaukar fansa, ministan Goujian Wen Zhong ya ba da shawarar horar da kyawawan mata da miƙa su ga Fuchai a matsayin kyauta (sanin Fuchai ba zai iya tsayayya da kyawawan mata ba). Wani hadiminsa, Fan Li, ya sami Xi Shi da Zheng Dan, ya ba Fuchai a 490 BC.
Dangane da kyawu da kyawun Xi Shi da Zheng Dan, Fuchai ya manta komai game da al'amuran jihar sa kuma a cikin zuga su, ya kashe babban mashawarcin sa, babban janar Wu Zixu. Fuchai har ma ya gina Fadar Guanwa (Fadar kyawawan mata) a wani wurin shaƙatawa na daula a gangaren Tudun Lingyan, kimanin kilomita 15 km yamma da Suzhou. Ƙarfin Wu ya ragu, kuma a cikin 473 BC Goujian ya ƙaddamar da yajin aikin sa kuma ya fatattaki sojojin Wu gaba ɗaya. Sarki Fuchai ya koka kan cewa ya kamata ya saurari Wu Zixu, sannan ya kashe kansa.
Tasiri
Haikalin Xi Shi, wanda ke gindin Dutsen Zhu Luo (苎 萝) a kudancin Xiaoshan, a bakin Kogin Huansha.
Tekun Yammacin da ke Hangzhou an ce shi ne shigar Xi Shi cikin jiki, saboda haka ake kiranta da Xizi Lake, Xizi wani suna ne na Xi Shi, ma'ana Lady Xi. A cikin shahararren aikinsa na waƙar Waƙa, Abin sha a Yammacin Kogin ta hanyar Sunshine da Rain (飲 湖 上 上 初 睛 居 雨), mashahurin masani Su Shi ya kwatanta kyawun Xi Shi da Tafkin Yammacin.
Li Bai na daular Tang ya rubuta waƙa kan Xi Shi.
An ambaci Xi Shi a cikin littafin labari Tafiya zuwa Yamma, a matsayin alamar alheri da kyawu.
An ambaci Xi Shi a cikin labarin Dream of the Red Chamber, an kwatanta jaruma Lin Daiyu a matsayin mai kamannin rashin lafiya kamar Xi Shi, kuma yana da kyau fiye da ita. Dukansu Lin da Xi Shi suna ba masu karatu hoton kyakkyawar mace, mai rashin lafiya.
Xi Shi ya bayyana a cikin gajeran labari na yuia ta Jin Yong (Louis Cha), " Takobin Yen Maiden ".
Sunanta kuma ya yi wahayi zuwa sunan Shih Tzu na zamani, wanda sunan China ya fassara zuwa "Xi Shi kare", amma an yi ikirarin sunan Ingilishi ya fito daga kalmar "zaki". Haƙiƙa "karen zaki" a cikin Sinanci an keɓe shi ga Pekingese.
Debub Bench
Debub Bench yana daya daga cikin gundumomi a yankin al'ummar Habasha ta kudu maso yammacin kasar Habasha. An yi masa suna don mutanen Bench. Wani bangare na shiyyar Bench Maji, Debub Bench yana da iyaka da kudu daga Meinit Shasha, a yamma da Guraferda, a arewa da Sheko, a arewa maso gabas da Semien Bench, a gabas da She Bench, a kudu maso gabas kuma Meinit. Goldiya, Garin Mizan Aman yana kewaye da Debub Bench. Debub Bench wani yanki ne na tsohuwar gundumar Bench.
Kogin Debub Bench sun hada da Akobo, wanda ke da tushensa a wannan gundumar.
Alƙaluma
Dangane da kidayar jama'a ta shekarar 2007 da CSA ta gudanar, wannan gundumar tana da jimillar mutane 108,299, daga cikinsu 53,149 maza ne da mata 55,150; 8,662 ko 8% na yawan jama'arta mazauna birni ne. Yawancin mazaunan Furotesta ne, tare da 58.07% na yawan jama'a sun ba da rahoton wannan imani, 19.01% suna yin addinin Kiristanci na Orthodox na Habasha, 15.94% na al'adun gargajiya, kuma 4.12% Musulmai ne.
Loma Bosa
Loma Bosa (wanda aka fi sani da Loma a sauƙaƙe) yana ɗaya daga cikin gundumomi 77 a cikin Al'ummar Kudancin Ƙasa, Ƙasa, da Al'ummar Habasha. Daga cikin shiyyar Dawro Loma Bosa ta kudu ta yi iyaka da shiyyar Gamo Gofa daga yamma sai Isara Tocha daga arewa maso yamma da Mareka Gena daga arewa sai shiyyar Kembata Tembaro daga gabas kuma yankin Wolayita daga gabas. ; Kogin Omo ya ayyana iyakar Loma Bose a arewa maso gabas da gabas da kudu. Babban garin Loma Bosa shine Loma Bale. An raba Loma Bosa zuwa yankunan Loma da Gena Bos.
Alkaluma
Bisa kididdigar da Hukumar Kididdiga ta Tsakiya ta buga a shekarar 2005, wannan gundumar tana da adadin yawan jama'a 131,160, wadanda 67,184 maza ne, 63,976 mata; 1,364 ko 1.04% na yawan jama'arta mazauna birni ne, wanda bai kai matsakaicin yanki na 8.5%. Loma Bosa yana da fadin fadin kasa murabba'in kilomita 1,980.63, yana da kimanin yawan jama'a 66.2 a kowace murabba'in kilomita, wanda bai kai matsakaicin yanki na 156.5 ba.
Kididdiga ta kasa a shekarar 1994 ta bayar da rahoton jimillar yawan jama'a na wannan yanki na 92,893 daga cikinsu 45,334 maza ne, 47,559 kuma mata; 753 ko 0.81% na yawan jama'arta mazauna birni ne. Ƙabilu biyu mafi girma da aka ruwaito a Loma Bosa sune Kullo (97.29%), da Amhara (1.15%); duk sauran kabilun sun kasance kashi 1.56% na yawan jama'a. Kullo shine babban yaren farko wanda kashi 99.66% na mazaunan ke magana; sauran 0.34% sun yi magana duk sauran yarukan farko da aka ruwaito. Game da imani na addini, ƙidayar 1994 ta ba da rahoton cewa 43.03% na yawan jama'a sun ce sun kiyaye addinan gargajiya, 29.39% suna yin Kiristanci Orthodox na Habasha, kuma 25.8% Furotesta ne.
Bayanan kula
6.91667°N, 37.33333°W<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"> 6.91667°N, 37.33333°W
Nazarin Ingilishi
Nazarin Ingilishi (wanda galibi ake kira Ingilishi kawai) horo ne na ilimi da ake koyarwa a firamare, sakandare, da kuma karatun gaba da sakandare a ƙasashen da ke magana da Ingilishi ; ba za a ruɗe shi da koyar da Ingilishi a matsayin harshen waje ba, wanda horo ne na musamman. Ya ƙunshi yin nazari da bincika rubutun da aka ƙirƙira a cikin adabin Ingilishi. Nazarin Ingilishi sun haɗa da: nazarin adabi (musamman litattafai, wasan kwaikwayo, gajerun labarai, da waƙoƙi ), yawancinsu sun fito ne daga ƙasar Biritaniya, Amurka, da Ireland (kodayake ana iya yin nazarin adabin Ingilishi daga kowace ƙasa, da na gida ko adabin kasa yawanci an nanata shi a kowace ƙasa da aka bayar); Turanci abun da ke ciki, ciki har da rubuce-rubuce maƙala, Gajerun labaru, kuma shayari; Fasahar yaren Ingilishi, gami da nazarin nahawu, amfani, da salo, da ilimin zamantakewa na Ingilishi, gami da nazarin maganganun rubutu da magana a cikin yaren Ingilishi, tarihin yaren Ingilishi, koyon Ingilishi da koyarwa, da nazarin Ingilishi na Duniya. Turanci harsuna ( ginin kalma, ilimin halittar jiki, imin sautin harshe, phonology, da dai sauransu) ne yawanci  ana bi da shi azaman horo na musamman, wanda aka koyar a sashen ilimin harsuna.
Rarraba horo tsakanin babban adabi ko daidaiton amfani shine dalili ɗaya don rarrabuwar Ƙungiyar Harsunan Zamani ta Arewacin Amurka (MLA) zuwa ƙungiyoyi biyu. A jami'o'i a ƙasashen da ba a magana da Ingilishi, wannan sashin sau da yawa yana rufe duk fannonin karatun Ingilishi, gami da ilimin harshe: an nuna wannan, alal misali, a cikin tsari da ayyukan ƙungiyar Turai don Nazarin Turanci (ESSE).
Abu ne gama gari ga sassan Ingilishi don ba da darussan da malanta a fannonin yaren Ingilishi, adabi (gami da sukar adabi da ka'idar adabi ), magana ta jama'a da rubuce-rubuce, magana, karatun abun da ke ciki, rubuce-rubucen kirkira, philology da etymology, aikin jarida, shayari, wallafe-wallafe, rubuce-rubuce, karatun yanki (musamman karatun Amurka ), falsafar harshe, wasan kwaikwayo da rubuce-rubuce, rubutun allo, karatun sadarwa, sadarwa na fasaha, nazarin al'adu, mahimmin ƙa'ida, karatun jinsi, karatun ƙabila, karatun nakasa, dijital kafofin watsa labaru, da kuma lantarki wallafe-wallafe, film nazarin da sauran kafofin watsa labaru, da karatu, da kuma daban-daban da darussa a cikin m arts da kuma al'adu, da sauransu. A mafi yawan ƙasashe masu magana da Ingilishi, binciken a duk matakan ilimi na matani da aka samar cikin yarukan da ba Ingilishi ba yana faruwa a wasu sassan, kamar sassan yaren waje ko na adabi na kwatanta.
Filayen
Duba kuma Adabi da harsuna, tare da Jerin fannonin ilimi sune kamar haka:
Turanci Babba
Babban Ingilishi (a madadin "maida hankali na Ingilishi," "BA cikin Ingilishi") kalma ce a cikin Amurka da wasu ƙananan ƙasashe don digiri na farko na jami'a wanda aka mai da hankali kan karatu, yin nazari, da rubuta rubutu a cikin yaren Ingilishi. Hakanan ana iya amfani da kalmar don bayyana ɗalibin da ke neman irin wannan matakin.
Tarihi
Tarihin karatun Ingilishi a jami'ar zamani a Turai da Amurka ya fara a rabi na biyu na ƙarni na sha tara. Da farko, karatun Ingilishi ya ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa na motley: aikin yin magana, nazarin lafazi da nahawu, abin da ya ƙunshi waka, da yaba adabi (galibi marubuta daga Ingila, tun da aka ƙara adabin Amurka da nazarin harshe a cikin karni na ashirin). A cikin Jamus da wasu ƙasashen Turai da yawa, ilimin falsafa na Ingilishi, ƙaƙƙarfan tunani da sha'awar sha'awar karanta rubutun zamani, ya zama fifikon masanin kimiyya, amma ƙasashen da ke magana da Ingilishi sun nisanta kansu da yanayin ilimin falsafa jim kaɗan bayan Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya A ƙarshen wannan tsari, sassan Ingilishi sun kasance suna mai da hankali kan aikinsu kan nau'ikan koyarwar rubutu daban -daban (ƙwararru, ƙwararru, mai mahimmanci) da fassarar rubutun adabi, da koyar da malami cikin Ingilishi sun dawo daga sakacin da ya sha saboda ƙarin ilimin kimiyya. -abubuwan da aka tsara. A yau, sassan Ingilishi a cikin ƙasashe masu magana da yaren sun sake tantance matsayin su a matsayin masu kula da horo na musamman saboda Ingilishi yana da ƙarancin 'yan asalin masu magana da' yan asalin kuma dole ne a raba su tare da miliyoyin masu magana da marubuta daga wasu ƙasashe waɗanda Ingilishi hanya ce mai mahimmanci don sadarwa da nuna fasaha.
Adabin Ingilishi ya zama abin karatu a jami'o'in Faransa a zaman wani ɓangare na adabin waje (kwatanci) a ƙarni na sha tara. An kafa kujerar adabin waje a Kwalejin de France a shekara ta 1841. An fara koyar da Ingilishi da kansa daga wasu harsuna da adabi a Jami'ar Lille da Jami'ar Lyons kuma daga baya a cikin Sorbonne. Waɗannan jami'o'in uku sune manyan cibiyoyin karatun Ingilishi na farko a Faransa. Malami na farko kuma daga baya farfesa na nazarin Turanci zai zama kamar Auguste Angellier. Bayan ya shafe shekaru da yawa yana koyar da Faransanci a Ingila a cikin shekara ta 1860s da 1870s, ya zama malami a cikin karatun Turanci a Jami'ar Lille a shekara ta 1881 kuma farfesa na Ingilishi a shekara ta 1893. A Faransa a zamanin yau, adabi, wayewar kai, ilimin harshe da yaren magana da rubutu duk suna da mahimmanci a karatun Ingilishi a jami'o'i.
Manyan Ingilishi sun shahara a kwalejojin Amurka a farkon rabin shekara ta 1970. Ya ba da dama ga ɗalibai su haɓaka ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙwarewa a cikin karatun nazari tare da manufar inganta rubuce -rubucen su, da kuma motsa jiki a cikin maganganu da maganganu masu gamsarwa waɗanda a al'adance kawai ana koyar da su a cikin karatun gargajiya kuma yana samuwa ga kaɗan saboda shingen harshe da karancin furofesoshi waɗanda za su iya shiga ɗalibai cikin himma. A wajen Amurka (wanda ya samo asali daga Scotland sannan ya shiga cikin duniyar masu magana da Ingilishi) babban Ingilishi ya zama sananne a ƙarshen rabin ƙarni na 19 a lokacin lokacin da aka girgiza imanin addini ta fuskar binciken kimiyya. An yi tunanin adabi da aiki a matsayin mai maye gurbin addini a riƙe da ci gaba na al'adu, da kuma Turanci Major haka bayar da dalibai da damar zana halin kirki, mai da'a, da kuma falsafa halaye da ma'anonin mazan nazarin daga aukaka kuma mafi fadi tushen wallafe -wallafen fiye da na tsoffin tsoffin Helenanci da Latin.
Tun daga shekara ta 2000, akwai tambayoyi game da takamaiman aikin sassan Ingilishi a kwalejin da jami'ar Amurka ta zamani. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">] Rashin bayyananniyar ƙa'idar horo da kuma ƙarin amfani mai amfani a cikin jama'ar Amurka yana kawo ƙalubale ga waɗancan rukunin ilimi har yanzu galibi suna mai da hankali kan littafin da aka buga da rarrabuwa na gargajiya a cikin lokutan tarihi da adabi na ƙasa, da kuma yin watsi da wuraren da ba a bayyana su ba. a matsayin rubuce -rubuce masu sana'a, abun da ke ciki, da sadarwa da yawa.
Dabarun da aka samu
A baya digirin ilimi a cikin Ingilishi yawanci yana nufin zurfafa nazarin manyan adabin Biritaniya da Amurka. Yanzu, duk da haka, Manyan Ingilishi ya ƙunshi manyan batutuwa da yawa waɗanda ke shimfiɗa kan fannoni da yawa. Yayin da buƙatun Manyan Ingilishi sun bambanta daga jami'a zuwa jami'a, yawancin sassan Ingilishi suna jaddada ƙwarewa guda uku: nazarin adabi, tsari wanda ke buƙatar dabaru da bincike mai zurfi; kerawa da hasashe tare da la'akari da samar da rubutu mai kyau; da fahimtar al'adu daban -daban, wayewa, da salon adabi daga lokuta daban -daban. Kwarewar da aka samu daga karatun Ingilishi sun haɗa da samun kayan aikin da ba za su rasa ƙima ba, fahimtar kafofin watsa labarai masu canzawa koyaushe, don bayyana duniyar ku, da ƙari. Manyan Malaman Ingilishi na iya tsammanin ɗaukar darussan kwaleji a rubuce -rubuce na ilimi, rubuce -rubuce na kirkira, ka'idar adabi, adabin Biritaniya da Amurka, adabin al'adu da yawa, nau'ikan adabi da yawa (kamar waƙoƙi, wasan kwaikwayo, da karatun fim ), da kuma batutuwa da yawa na zaɓuɓɓuka iri -iri kamar su. a matsayin tarihi, darussa a cikin kimiyyar zamantakewa, da karatu cikin yaren waje. Har zuwa ƙarshen karatun waɗannan fannoni, ɗaliban Manyan Ingilishi suna samun ƙwarewa a rubuce -rubuce na ƙwararru tare da alaƙa da magana, nazarin adabi, godiya ga bambancin al'adu, da ikon bayyana ra'ayoyinsu a rubuce da gamsarwa.
Misalan Darussa
Yawancin darussan Ingilishi sun faɗa cikin manyan fannoni na ko dai karatun tushen Adabi, wanda ke mai da hankali kan marubutan gargajiya da lokutan lokaci, ko karatun Rhetorical, waɗanda ke mai da hankali kan dabarun sadarwa a shirye-shiryen ƙwarewa a fannoni daban-daban na ƙwararru. Yayin da takamaiman buƙatun kammala karatun ya bambanta daga jami'a zuwa jami'a, ɗalibai na iya tsammanin yin nazarin wasu darussan masu zuwa.
Darussa a cikin Rubuce-Rubuce da Haɗin gwiwa : kamar Ilimin Ilimi da Rubutu na ƙwararru, wanda ke ƙarfafa rubuce -rubucen nazari da horar da ɗalibai don samar da hujjoji bayyanannu, haɗin kai.
Darussan a cikin adabin Burtaniya : Darussan na iya mai da hankali kan lokutan lokaci, marubuta, nau'ikan, ko motsi na adabi. Misalai sun haɗa da Bala'i na Shakespeare, Tarihi da Ka'idar wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya, Adabin Ingilishi na Tsakiya, da Littafin Victoria.
Darussan a cikin adabin Amurka : Dangane da jami'a, waɗannan darussan ko dai za a iya rushe su ta hanyar lokaci, kamar Gothic Fiction na ƙarni na sha tara; marubuta, kamar azuzuwan a kan Hawthorne, Hemingway, ko Frost ; ko makarantun adabi da ƙungiyoyi, kamar Halitta ko Ƙasa.
Loko Abaya
Alkaluma
Bisa kidayar jama'a a shekarar 2007 da CSA ta gudanar, wannan yanki tana da jimillar jama'a 99,233, daga cikinsu 50,603 maza ne, mata 48,630; 1,059 ko 1.07% na yawan jama'arta mazauna birni ne. Yawancin mazaunan Furotesta ne, tare da 87.7% na yawan jama'a sun ba da rahoton cewa imani, 3.88% Katolika ne, 2.85% sun lura da addinan gargajiya, kuma 1.93% Musulmai ne.
Nazarin Ingilishi
Misalan Darussa
Darussa a cikin Adabin Al'adu da Daban-daban : Ana ƙara fahimtar darajar kawo ɗimbin al'adu da rabe -raben ra'ayoyi zuwa nazarin adabin Ingilishi a cikin jami'o'i da yawa. Misalai sun haɗa da Litattafan Al'adu da yawa a cikin Ingila ta Tsakiya, Labaran Latina, da Nazarin Adabin Yahudawa.
Filin Jirgin Saman Tamale
Filin jirgin saman Tamale (filin jirgin sama ne da ke gundumar Tamale, wani gari ne a yankin Arewacin Ghana .  Shine filin jirgin sama na uku mafi cunkoson ababen hawa a kasar Ghana, tare da ɗaukar fasinjoji 148,545 a shekarar 2020.
Nazarin Ingilishi
Misalan Darussa
Darussan Rhetorical : Mayar da hankali kan dabarun jayayya mai gamsarwa a cikin rubutaccen tsari, da ƙwarewa waɗanda suka haɗa da nazarin rubutun da aka rubuta.
Safor Designer
Sarah Forsyth London (a baya Safor ) alama ce ta kayan haɗi na kayan masarufi na Burtaniya wanda Sarah Forsyth ta ƙirƙira a shekara ta 2007. Kasuwancin ya ƙera jakunkuna da kayan fata kuma ya ba da umarnin ƙera su a Italiya da yankin Asiya Pacific. Sa hannun Safor shine amfani da fata na gaske da CITES -fatattun fata na fata (gami da maciji da kifi ) da haske, galibi ƙarfe, launuka.
Filin Jirgin Saman Tamale
Tarihi
Filin jirgin saman Tamale an kafa shi a zaman babban sansanin aiki ga sojoji yayin Yaƙin Duniya na 2. An kuma samo hanyar sauka a Nyohini, kusan mil biyu yamma da Tamale. Waɗannan gine-ginen suna wurin don amfani da su:
Nazarin Ingilishi
Birtaniya
Yawancin yaran Burtaniya suna ɗaukar Harshen Ingilishi da Adabin Ingilishi azaman darussan GCSE, kuma da yawa suna ci gaba da nazarin waɗannan a matakin. Akwai ci gaba da zama muhawara a cikin koyarwa al'umma game da dacewar na Shakespeare na zamani matasa, wasu jayayya don ƙarin zamani texts, da kuma wasu riqi cikin falalan da litattafansu. Duba kuma Matsayin O.
Filin Jirgin Saman Tamale
Tarihi
Da farko jirgin saman ya kasance yana dauke da Sojojin Sama kuma ana amfani da shi wajen aiwatar da dabaru a lokacin mulkin Dr Kwame Nkrumah.
Nazarin Ingilishi
Ontario, Kanada
Dalibai a makarantar sakandare suna da takamaiman buƙatun darussan da dole ne su cika kafin su kammala karatu. Dangane da karatun Ingilishi, ɗalibai dole ne su ɗauki cikakkiyar ƙima huɗu cikin Ingilishi, ɗaya a kowane matakin aji. Hakanan, ɗaliban makarantar sakandare ta Ontario kuma dole ne su ci jarrabawar Karatu.
Filin Jirgin Saman Tamale
Haɓakawa zuwa matsayin ƙasashen duniya
Filin jirgin saman Tamale ya inganta na ɗan lokaci zuwa matsayin filin jirgin sama na duniya, tare da duk abubuwan da ake buƙata. Ya sami matsayin duniya a cikin watan Disamba 2008. Abubuwan da aka sanya a wurin sun hada da titin jirgin sama, da hanyoyin motocin haya, da atamfa, da tashar mota, da gyaran wuta, da gyara ginin hasumiyar, da tashar mota da kuma wurin shakatawa na VVIP. Sauran sune samarda ofisoshin Kwastam, Haraji da kuma Kare Ayyukan (CEPS) da kuma Shige da fice.
2016 hajji sun daukaka
A watan Agustan 2016 an share filin jirgin saman Tamale don jigilar mahajjata zuwa Filin jirgin saman Yarima Mohammad bin Abdulaziz da ke Madina a cikin rukuni 3 na fasinjoji 500. Kamfanonin bada iska na Flynas an basu kwangilar inganta hajjin ne ta hanyar amfani da jiragen sama samfurin Lion Air Boeing 747-400.
Ƙididdiga
Wadannan bayanai na nuna yawan fasinjojin da ke zirga-zirga zuwa filin jirgin, a cewar Hukumar Kula da Sufurin Jiragen Sama ta Ghana.
Chizzy Alichi
Chigozie Stephanie Alichi (an haife ta a 23 Disamba 1993), wadda aka fi sani da Chizzy Alichi, 'yar fim ce ta Nijeriya.
Rayuwa
Chizzy Alichi ta fito ne daga Ezza Nkwubor Nike dake Enugu ta gabas, karamar hukumar ta jihar Enugu, da ke Kudu Maso Gabashin (Nijeriya). Ita ce 'ya ta ƙarshe da ’yan’uwa biyu. Ta shiga kanun labarai a lokacin da ta gina katafaren gida ga iyayenta a shekarar 2017. Tana zaune ne a Asaba, Delta.
Ayyuka
Ta shiga Nollywood a 2010 a cikin sa'a. Ta shiga gasar gwajin bajinta na 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya wato Actors Guild of Nigeria, ta kuma nemi shiga fim kuma ta fara fitowa a matsayin 'yar wasa a wani fim mai suna Magic Money wanda ke dauke da manyan taurari kamar su Mercy Johnson da Bob-Manuel Udokwu. Lokacin jujjuyawar ayyukanta ya zo ne da fim din Akaraoku, wanda ke nufin "zafi akara ", a cikin 2016, wanda Yul Edochie ya jagoranta. Faifan fim din ya yadu a kafafen sada zumunta lokacin da mutane suka dauki yar wasan mai sayar da akara ne. Ta fito a cikin wasu finafinai sakamakon hakan a shekarar 2017.
Amanda Ebeye
Amanda Mike-Ebeye (an haife Amanda Mike Ebeyr a ranar 30 ga watan Afrilu na shekarar alib 1986) yar wasan film ce na Najeriya ce kuma abin koyi ne a wani lokaci. An kuma santa ne bisa rawar da ta taka a Clinic Matters da Super Labari .ta kasance tana yawan fitowa a fina finai daban daban.
Rayuwar ta
Amanda Mike Ebeye ta fito ne daga kabilar Agbor na jihar Delta. Tana digiri na biyu a karatun digiri na biyu da na diflomasiya daga Jami'ar Benson Idahosa. A cikin shekarar 2016, ta haifi ɗa a Kanada. Hukumar ta bayyana cewa Amanda mike Ebeye ta bayyana hakan ne a wani sako da ta wallafa a shafin ta na Instagram cewa da farko ba ta zura ido ga tunanin samun ‘ya’yan nata ba, amma tunda ta haifi danta tana godiya ga Allah da ya albarkace ta da shi. A shekarar 2016, mahaifiyar Ebeye ta sake yin wani aure.
Allakaye
Allakaye wani kauye ne na ƙungiyar  karkara a Nijar.
Dannet
Dannet wani ƙauye ne da karkara ƙungiya a Nijar. Ya zuwa shekarar 2011, garin yana da yawan jama'a 10,212.
Amaka Ogoegbunam
Amaka Ogoegbunam (an haife ta a ranar 3 ga watan Maris 1990) 'yar tseren Najeriya ce. Ta yi gasar tseren mita 400 a gasar wasannin guje-guje da tsalle-tsalle ta duniya ta shekarar 2015 a birnin Beijing na kasar Sin.
haramta yin amfani da kwayoyi
Ogoegbunam ta gwada ingancin maganin anabolic steroid metenolone a Gasar Ƙasa ta Afirka na shekarar 2009 a cikin samfurin da aka tattara a ranar 31 ga watan Yulin 2009. Kafin a kammala nazarin samfurin ta shiga gasar cin kofin duniya a shekarar 2009 a Berlin, inda ta kuma gwada ingancin kwayar cutar steroid guda daya a cikin samfurin da aka tattara a ranar 18 ga watan Agusta. Daga baya ta samu haramcin yin amfani da kwayoyi masu kara kuzari na tsawon shekaru 3 daga wasanni, tana da shekaru 19. Haramcin ya ƙare a ranar 30 ga watan Yulin 2012.
Ishak Belfodil
Ishak Belfodil (اسحاق بلفوضيل; an haife shi a ranar 12 ga watan Janairu 1992) ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Aljeriya wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan gaba a ƙungiyar Bundesliga Hertha BSC da kuma ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Aljeriya.
Tsohon matashin dan wasan Faransa ne, an kira shi zuwa tawagar kasar Algeria a karon farko a watan Agustan 2012.
Botswana National Museum
Botswana National Museum, wanda aka fi sani da National Museum da Art Gallery, yana cikin babban birnin Botswana na Gaborone kuma cibiya ce ta fannoni da yawa da suka haɗa da National Art Gallery da Octagon Gallery, kazalika - tun daga Nuwamba 2007 - National Lambun Botanical. Yana nuna al'adun gargajiya na Botswana da zane-zane da nufin bikin ayyukan masu zane-zanen gida.
Ishak Belfodil
Farkon aiki
Belfodil ya fara wasan kwallon kafa ne a OSC Elancourt, kungiyar da ke yammacin birnin Paris, kuma ya kwashe shekarunsa na girma a kungiyar. Daga baya ya koma kulob din Trappes FC na kusa. Yayin da yake Trappes, Belfodil ya ci jarabawar shiga da ake buƙata don halartar makarantar Clairefontaine, amma ba a zaɓa ba bayan gazawar gwajin ƙarshe. A sakamakon haka, ya koma Paris Saint-Germain yana ba da shekara guda kawai a Camp des Loges, cibiyar horar da kulob din. Belfodil ya danganta shekara guda kawai a can musamman saboda rashin mayar da hankali kan karatunsa da rashin samun isasshen lokacin wasa tare da sashin matasa. A cikin 2004, ya shiga AC Boulogne Billencourt, ƙungiyar wasanni wanda kuma ya horar da 'yan wasan duniya Hatem Ben Arfa da Issiar Dia. A cikin 2007, Belfodil ya tabbatar da tafiya zuwa kulob din Ligue 2 Clermont Foot.
Belfodil ya shafe shekara guda ne a Clermont kuma, a lokacin da yake wasa da kungiyar ‘yan kasa da shekaru 16, ya zura kwallaye tara daga cikin 15 na farko da kungiyar ta ci a gasar Championnat National Under-16 league inda ya zama dan wasan da ya fi zura kwallaye a gasar. Wasansa ya haifar da sha'awar kungiyoyi da yawa, musamman kulob din Lyon na Faransa da kungiyoyin Ingila na Chelsea da Manchester United. A ranar 13 Nuwamba 2008, Lyon ta sanar da cewa sun sayi Belfodil kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar mai neman (matasa) tare da kulob din har zuwa Yuni 2011.
Botswana National Museum
Har ila yau, gidan kayan tarihin yana tattare da adana Tsodilo, yanki na farko da kasar ta gada a duniya, da sauran kokarin. Shi ne mai kula da Tsholofelo Park, wurin da aka binne "negro na Banyoles," da aka sani da "El Negro" a Botswana, bayan dawowar gawar daga Darder Museum of Banyoles, a Spain.
An kafa gidan kayan tarihin a 1967 ta hanyar Dokar Majalisar kuma an bude shi a hukumance a cikin 1968. Gidan kayan tarihin ya yi bikin cika shekara 40 a shekara ta 2008 a karkashin tutar "Museum as Agents of Agents of Change Change and Development", wanda ya yi amfani da madubi wanda ya yi amfani da shi ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Gidajen Tarihi.
Ishak Belfodil
Lyon
A tsawon lokacin kakar 2008–09, Belfodil ya taka leda a kungiyar 'yan kasa da shekaru 18 ta kulob din. Ya kasance memba na kungiyar da ta kai wasan kusa da na karshe na 2008–09 Coupe Gambardella wanda ya bayyana a wasanni shida ya zura kwallaye biyu. Belfodil ya kuma buga wasa daya a kungiyar ta Championnat de France mai son kungiyar. A cikin mako na uku na kakar 2009–10, an kira shi zuwa babban kungiyar wasan da kulob din zai buga da Auxerre a ranar 22 ga watan Agusta kuma ya fara halarta a wannan wasan a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Jean-Alain Boumsong a cikin minti na 85. Lyon ta ci wasan da ci 3-0. Belfodil ya buga wasansa na farko na gasar zakarun Turai bayan kwanaki uku, a wasa na biyu na wasan zagaye na biyu na gasar da Anderlecht ya bayyana a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Lisandro López a minti na 60. A ranar 16 ga watan Yuli 2010, ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin ƙwararrunsa na farko da ya amince da yarjejeniyar shekaru uku har zuwa 2014. Saboda har yanzu yana da sauran shekara a kan kwangilar kwangilar ta fara aiki daga 1 ga Yuli 2011.
Club career
A cikin Shekarar 2004, ya shiga AC Boulogne Billencourt, ƙungiyar wasanni wanda kuma ya horar da 'yan wasan duniya Hatem Ben Arfa da Issiar Dia. A cikin Shekarar 2007, Belfodil ya tabbatar da tafiya zuwa kulob din Ligue 2 Clermont Foot.
A ranar 13 ga watan Nuwamba shekarata 2008, Lyon ta sanar da cewa sun sayi Belfodil kuma ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar mai neman (matasa) tare da kulob din har zuwa watan Yuni shekarata 2011.
Ya kasance memba na kungiyar da ta kai wasan kusa da na karshe na shekarar 2008-zuwa shekarata 2009 Coupe Gambardella wanda ya bayyana a wasanni shida yana zura kwallaye biyu. A cikin mako na uku na kakar 2009–10, an kira shi zuwa babban kungiyar wasan da kulob din zai buga da Auxerre a ranar 22 ga watan Agusta kuma ya fara halarta a wannan wasan a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Jean-Alain Boumsong a cikin minti na 85th. . A ranar 16 ga watan Yuli shekarata 2010, ya sanya hannu kan kwantiragin ƙwararrunsa na farko da ya amince da yarjejeniyar shekaru uku har zuwa shekarar 2014. Saboda har yanzu yana da sauran shekara a kan kwangilar mai nemansa (matasa), kwangilar ta fara aiki daga ranar 1 ga watan Yuli shekarata 2011.
Bayan ya shafe watanni shida a matsayin aro a Bologna daga watan Janairu zuwa watan Yuni shekarata 2012, Belfodil ya rattaba hannu kan kulob din Parma na Seria A ranar 30 ga watan Yuni shekarata 2012 kan Yuro miliyan 2.5 da kari na Yuro 600,000 da kuma ribar 20% na canja wuri nan gaba.
A ranar 5 ga watan Yuli shekarata 2013, bayan dogon tattaunawa, an sanar da Belfodil a matsayin ɗan wasan Internazionale. Canja wurin ya shafi 50% na haƙƙin tattalin arzikin Belfodil da ya rage tare da Parma, yayin da ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru biyar tare da Inter akan kuɗin canja wurin € 5.75 miliyan. (50% na ƙimar Yuro miliyan 11.5) A ranar 3 ga watan Fabrairun shekarata 2014, FIFA kuma ta yanke hukuncin cewa Lyon ta cancanci karɓar Yuro miliyan 1.8 saboda batun kari. An gabatar da shi bisa hukuma a matsayin ɗan wasan Inter a ranar 16 ga watan Yuli shekarata 2013 a Paladolomiti a Pinzolo a cikin taron manema labarai iri ɗaya kamar Icardi.
A ranar 22 ga watan Yuli shekarata 2013, Belfodil ya zira kwallonsa ta farko ga Inter a cikin nasarar 3-1 pre-season nasara a kan Vicenza ; bayan da mai tsaron gida ya farke bugun daga kai sai mai tsaron gida, daga kusurwar da ta biyo baya a minti na 42, Belfodil ne ya jagoranci kwallon cikin raga ta hanyar da kai mai karfi.
Bayan buga wasanni takwas kawai a farkon rabin kakar 2013-14 Seria A, dukkansu a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin, Belfodil ya koma kulob din Seria A Livorno a matsayin aro na sauran kakar a ranar 31ga watan Janairu shekarata 2014.
A ranar 20 ga watan Yuni shekarata 2014, Parma ta sayi 50% na kwangilar Belfodil daga Inter ta yadda Crociati ya sake mallakar gabaɗayan kwangilar ɗan wasan. Bayan rikicin kudi na kulob din da ke gudana wanda Parma da kamfaninsa na tsaka-tsaki aka sanar da cewa sun yi fatara a tsakiyar kakar wasa, Belfodil ya soke kwantiraginsa da Parma a ranar 6 ga watan Mayu shekarata 2015, wanda ya yafe wa kulob din alhaki na albashin da ba a biya ba, duk da cewa kulob din ya sha fama da rubuta ragowar darajar kwantiragin Belfodil kan kudi kusan Yuro miliyan 8.25.
A ranar 28 ga watan Yuli shekarata 2015, Belfodil ya shiga kungiyar Baniyas a hukumance, ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru biyu tare da kungiyar UAE Arab Gulf League.
A ranar 31 ga watan Agusta shekarata 2016, Belfodil ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekara guda tare da kulob din Belgian Standard Liège, tare da zaɓi don tsawaita wani shekara.