cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Gamayyar Sanarwa na Yancin Dan'adam
Tasirin doka
Duk da yake ba yarjejeniya ce da kanta ba, an zartar da sanarwar ta dalla-dalla don ma'anar ma'anar kalmomin "yanci na asali" da "haƙƙin ɗan Adam" wanda ke fitowa a cikin Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, wadda ke ɗaure a kan dukkan ƙasashe membobinsu. A saboda wannan dalili, Sanarwar Kasashen Duniya na 'Yancin Dan Adam muhimmin aiki ne na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Bugu da kari, da yawa daga cikin lauyoyin kasa da kasa    yi imanin cewa Sanarwar ta zama wani bangare na dokokin kasa da kasa na al'ada  kuma wani kayan aiki ne mai karfi wajen amfani da matsin lambar diflomasiya da halin kirki ga gwamnatocin da ke keta duk wani labarin nata. Taron na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na shekara ta 1968 game da hakkin Dan-Adam ya ba da shawarar cewa wannan sanarwar "ta wajaba ne ga mambobin kasashen duniya" ga dukkan mutane. Sanarwar ta yi aiki a matsayin kafuwar yarjejeniyoyi biyu na kare hakkin dan adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya: Alkawarin kasa da kasa kan 'yancin jama'a da siyasa da kuma yarjejeniya ta kasa da kasa kan tattalin arziki, zamantakewa da al'adu. An kuma fayyace ka'idodin wannan sanarwar a cikin yarjejeniyoyin kasa da kasa kamar Yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa kan kawar da kowane nau'in nuna wariyar launin fata, Yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa kan kawar da wariyar launin fata a kan mata, Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan 'yancin Yara, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Ganawa game da azabtarwa, da ƙari masu yawa. Sanarwar ta ci gaba da ambata ta hanyar gwamnatoci, malamai, masu bayar da shawarwari, da kotunan tsarin mulki, da kuma daidaikun mutane da ke kiran ka'idodinta don kare hakkinsu da suka dan Adam.
Yabo
MBayanin Duniya ya samu yabo daga wasu sanannun mutane. Masanin Falsafa na Lebanon kuma jami'in diflomasiyya Charles Malik ya kira shi "takardun kasa da kasa na muhimmancin farko", yayin da Eleanor Roosevelt - shugabar shugabar hukumar ta 'yancin ɗan adam (CHR) wacce ta ƙaddamar da sanarwar - ta ce hakan "na iya kyau zama Magna Carta ta duniya na duka mutane a ko'ina." A cikin jawabin da ya yi a ranar 5 ga Oktoba 1995, Fafaroma John Paul II ya kira da sanarwar "ɗayan manyan maganganu na lamirin mutum a zamaninmu" amma Vatican ba ta taɓa amincewa da wannan sanarwar ba. A cikin wata sanarwa a ranar 10 ga Disamba 2003 a madadin Kungiyar Tarayyar Turai, Marcello Spatafora ta ce wannan sanarwar "ta sanya 'yancin bil Adama a tsakiyar tsarin ka'idodi da wajibai na daidaita dangantaka a tsakanin kasashen duniya."
Kasashen musulmai
Turkiyya, kasa ce mai zaman kanta wacce take da yawan musulmai, ta rattaba hannu cikin wannan sanarwa a shekarar 1948. Ko ta yaya, a wannan shekarar, Saudi Arabiya ta kauracewa jefa kuri’ar amincewa da wannan sanarwar, tana mai cewa hakan ya saba wa ka’idar Sharia. Pakistan - wacce ta rattaba hannu kan sanarwar - ta musanta da kuma yin Allah wadai da matsayin Saudiyya. Ministan Pakistan Muhammad Zafarullah Khan ya yi jayayya mai yawa game da yarda da haɗe da 'yancin addini. A shekarar 1982, da kasar Iran wakilin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, Said Rajaie-Khorassani, ya ce cewa jawabi ya "a wadanda mutane fahimtar da Judeo-Kirista hadisin", wanda ba za a iya aiwatar da Musulmi ba tare da rikici da Sharia. A ranar 30 ga Yuni 2000, mambobin kungiyar Taron Addinin Musulunci (yanzu Kungiyar Hadin gwiwar Musulunci ) suka yanke hukunci a hukumance don nuna goyon baya ga Bayyanar Alkahira game da Hakkokin bil'adama a cikin Musulunci, wani takaddar takaddar da ta ce mutane suna da 'yanci da hakkinsu na rayuwa mai daraja daidai da shari'ar musulinci ", ba tare da wani banbanci ba akan dalilan" launin fata, yare, jinsi, akida, addini, dangantakar siyasa, matsayin zamantakewa ko wasu sharudda ".
Wasu jami'an diflomasiyya na musulmai za su ci gaba daga baya don taimakawa wajen tsara wasu yarjejeniyoyin kare hakkin dan Adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Misali, diflomasiyyar Iraki Bedia Afnan ta dage kan maganarta cewa an sami daidaito tsakanin jinsi ya haifar da Mataki na 3 a cikin (ICCPR) da (ICESCR). Jami’ar diflomasiyar kasar Pakistan Shaista Suhrawardy Ikramullah ita ma ta yi magana don nuna godiya ga hakkokin mata.
Kutty ya rubuta cewa: "Hujja mai karfi za a iya cewa tsarin samar da 'yancin dan Adam na duniya ya zama tsarin al'adu wanda al'ummar yammacin duniya ke samun saukin kai a gida. . . Yana kuma da muhimmanci a amince da sanin cewa sauran al'ummomin na iya samun damar musayar ra'ayi daban-daban na hakkin Dan-Adam. "
"Hakkin kin Kisa"
An dauki matakai a cikin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don tabbatar da wannan hakkin a bayyane, amma   an takaita wadancan matakan ne zuwa karan tsaye na takardun Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Sean MacBride - Babban Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da lambar yabo ta zaman lafiya ta Nobel - ya ce: "Ga hakkokin da ke kunshe a cikin Sanarwar Kasashen Duniya game da Hakkokin bil'adama nan gaba, za a iya kara. Yana da  yancin Karyata Kashe Shi .
Kungiyar Anthropological American
Antungiyar Anthropological American ta soki (UDHR) yayin da take cikin shirinta na tsarawa. AAA ta yi gargadin cewa kundin zai kasance yana bayyana hakkokin duniya daga yanayin kasashen yamma wanda ba zai dace da kasashen da ke wannan batun ba. Sun kara da cewa tarihin kasashen yamma na mulkin mallaka da wa'azin bishara yasa suka zama wakilin matsala na sauran al'ummomin duniya. Sun gabatar da bayanin kula guda uku don tattaunawa tare da mahimman bayanai game da alaƙar al'adu : "1. Kowane mutum ya san dabi'unsa ta hanyar al'adarsa, saboda haka mutunta bambance-bambancen mutum ya zama girmamawa ga bambance-bambancen al'adu "," 2. Mutunta bambance-bambance tsakanin al'adu an inganta shi ta hanyar ilimin kimiyya cewa babu wata dabara ta gwajin ingancin al'adu da aka gano ", da" 3. Matsayi da martabobi suna da alaƙa da al'adun da suka samo asali ta yadda duk wani yunƙurin kirkirar wasu abubuwa waɗanda suka girma daga imani ko ɗabi'un kyawawan al'adu guda ɗaya to lallai hakan ya nesanta daga dacewa da duk wani sanarwa game da haƙƙoƙin ɗan adam ga ɗan adam gaba ɗaya."
Bayanin Bangkok
A lokacin kaiwa ga taron Duniya kan 'Yancin Dan Adam da aka gudanar a shekarar 1993, ministoci daga kasashen Asiya sun amince da wannan sanarwar Bangkok, tare da jaddada kudirin gwamnatocinsu ga ka’idodin Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da Yarda da Duniya game da Hakkokin Yan Adam. Sun bayyana ra'ayinsu game da daidaituwa da rarrabewar haƙƙin ɗan adam da kuma jaddada bukatar samaniya, aiki, da zaɓin haƙƙin ɗan Adam. Ko yaya, a lokaci guda, sun jaddada ka'idodin ikon mallakar kai tsaye da rashin tsangwama, suna kiran babbar girmamawa ga tattalin arziki, zamantakewa, da al'adun - musamman, 'yancin haɓakar tattalin arziƙi akan haƙƙin jama'a da siyasa. A Bangkok jawabi da aka dauke su a landmark magana na Asian dabi'u hangen zaman gaba, wanda yayi wani Extended sharhi na kare hakkin dan adam universalism.
Hukuncin kisa
Sanarwar ba ta dauki tsinkayen ra'ayi kan hukuncin kisa ba. Mataki na biyar ya ce: "Ba wanda za a azabtar da shi ko a zaluntar shi, a cikin mutane ko a wulakantar da su, ko azaba."
Tarayyar Duniya don 'yancin ɗan adam
Kungiyar 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Duniya (FIDH) ba ta da wariya, ba ta ƙabilarci ba ce, ba ta da' yanci da kowace hukuma, kuma babban aikinta shi ne haɓaka girmamawa ga dukkan haƙƙoƙin da aka bayyana a cikin Sanarwar Kasashen Duniya na Rightsancin Bil Adama, Yarjejeniyar Kasa da onasa kan kungiyoyin Yan Adam da Siyasa., da kuma Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan Hakkokin tattalin arziki, zamantakewa da Al'adu.
Amnesty International
A cikin shekarar 1988, darekta Stephen R. Johnson da masu ba da labari na duniya 41, mawaƙa, da masu samarwa sun kirkiro bidiyon na minti 20 don Amnesty International don murnar cikar ta shekaru 40 da samarwa a Duniya. Batun bidiyon shi ne Magana game da sanarwa 30.
Kungiyar kare hakkin bil Adama ta Amnesty International ta yi bikin Ranar ‘Yancin Dan Adam da kuma Shekaru 60 na sanarwar Kasa da Kasa a duk fadin duniya ta hanyar shirya" Gobarar wuta! " aukuwa.
Ofishin Quaker na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da Kwamitin Ayyukan Abokai na Amurka
Ofishin Quaker na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da Kwamitin bauta na Amurka suna aiki kan batutuwan take hakkokin bil'Adama, da suka hada da inganta ilimi kan Sanarwar Kasashen Duniya na Yan-Adam. Sun kirkiro wani tsari don taimakawa gabatar da ɗalibai na makarantar sakandare zuwa sanarwar dan Adam ta Duniya.
Kungiyar Library ta Amurka
A shekarar 1997, majalisar kungiyar Makarantar Amurka (ALA) ta amince da Mataki na 19 daga Sanarwar 'Yancin Bil Adama na Duniya. Hakanan hade da Mataki na 19, Mataki na 18 da na 20 kuma suna da alaƙa da hakkokin AlA akan haƙƙin toan Adam da Dokar Libraryancin Makaranta. Takunkumi, mamayar sirrin jama'a, da kuma kutsawa cikin ra'ayoyi sune take hakkin Dan-Adam a cewar ALA.
Game da take hakkin Dan-Adam, ALA tana ba da ka'idoji kamar haka: "The American Library Association opposes any use of governmental prerogative that leads to intimidation of individuals that prevents them from exercising their rights to hold opinions without interference, and to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas. We urge libraries and librarians everywhere to resist such abuse of governmental power, and to support those against whom such governmental power has been employed.
The American Library Association condemns any governmental effort to involve libraries and librarians in restrictions on the right of any individual to hold opinions without interference, and to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas. Such restrictions, whether enforced by statutes or regulations, contractual stipulations, or voluntary agreements, pervert the function of the library and violate the professional responsibilities of librarians.
The American Library Association rejects censorship in any form. Any action that denies the inalienable human rights of individuals only damages the will to resist oppression, strengthens the hand of the oppressor, and undermines the cause of justice.
The American Library Association will not abrogate these principles. We believe that censorship corrupts the cause of justice, and contributes to the demise of freedom."
Matasa masu Kare Hakkin Dan Adam
Matasa don 'Yancin Dan Adam na Duniya (YHRI) wata kungiya ce mai zaman kanta wacce aka kafa a shekarar 2001 ta Mary Shuttleworth, malama ce wacce aka Haifa kuma ta girma a Afirka Ta Kudu, inda ta ba da labari ta hanyar illar wariyar launin fata da kuma rashin' yancin ɗan Adam. Manufar (YHRI) ita ce koya wa matasa game da haƙƙin ɗan Adam, musamman Sanarwar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta ofancin Humanancin Bil Adama, da kuma zuga su su zama masu ba da shawara ga haƙuri da zaman lafiya. (YHRI) yanzu ya zama babban motsi na duniya, wanda ya hada da daruruwan ƙungiyoyi, kulake da babi a duk faɗin duniya.
Banu Nawfal
Banu Nawfal sanannen dangi ne na larabawa na ƙabilar Quraishawa. Zuriyarsa ita ce Nawfal bn Abd Manaf.
Shugaban su shine Mut`im bn Adi
27 (alƙalami)
27 (ashirin da bakwai) alƙalami ne, tsakanin 26 da 28.
Umaru Fintiri
Ahmadu Umaru Fintiri shine gwamnan Jihar Adamawa maici ayanzu. Gabanin yakasance gwamnan Adamawa, dan'majalisa ne na Majalisar jihar, kuma ya riƙe muƙamin kakakin majalisar. Fintiri ya taɓa zama gwamna na wucin gadi na jihar Adamawa Najeriya, bayan tsige gwamnan lokacin Murtala Nyako a watan Yulin 2014, inda daga baya  Bala James Ngilari ya maye gurbinsa bayan watanni uku da yayi akan mulki.
Osamaigben
Osamaigben yankine a karamar hukumar Burutu, gundumar Iduwuni dake a cikin jihar Delta "Polling Unit Locator Tool". Abuja, Nigeria: Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC). December 28, 2019. Retrieved December 28, 2019
Dossa Júnior
Dossa Momad Omar Hassamo Junior ( Ντόσσα Τζούνιορ  ; an haifeshi ranar 28 ga watan Yuli 1986), wanda aka fi sani da Dossa Júnior, tsohon dan wasan kwallon kafa ne wanda ya taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron baya.
Ya shafe mafi kyawun ɓangaren aikinsa na shekaru 15 a cikin inungiyar Farko ta Cypriot, musamman tare da AEL Limassol. Ya kuma fafata a Fotigal (inda aka haife shi), Poland da Turkiyya.
Júnior ya buga wasanni 24 a Cyprus, inda ya fara zama a karo na farko a 2012.
Club career
Júnior was born in Lisbon, of Mozambican descent. He only played with Imortal D.C. in Portugal, spending the 2005–06 season in the third division. Subsequently, the 20-year-old moved to Cyprus, signing with Digenis Akritas Morphou FC in the First Division and suffering team relegation.
A shekara mai zuwa, Júnior ya ci gaba da wasa a cikin ƙasar, tare da AEP Paphos FC. A shekara ta 2009 ya sanya han'nu kan wata yarjejeniya tare da AEL Limassol, inda ya ci kwallaye uku a wasanni 28 a yakin neman zaben 2011-12 don taimakawa kungiyar ta lashe gasar ta kasa, bayan jiran shekaru 44.
A 10 Ga watan Yuni 2015, bayan shekaru biyu a cikin Yaren mutanen Poland Ekstraklasa tare da Legia Warsaw, Júnior ya koma Konyaspor daga Turkiyya.
Ayyukan duniya
A cikin shekara ta 2012, bayan daɗaɗaɗan  aiki a Cyprus, Júnior ya sami ƙasar Cyprus, daga baya aka kira shi ya bugawa ƙungiyar ƙasa.
Rayuwar mutum
Yar'uwar Júnior ta auri ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa Hélio Pinto.
Manufofin duniya
(Cyprus score listed first, score column indicates score after each Júnior goal)
Umaru Fintiri
Fintiri ya lashe zaɓen gwamna na jihar Adamawa wanda aka gudanar a ranar 9th na watan Maris 2019, sai dai an bayyana zaɓen amatsayin wanda ba'a kammala ba, saboda yawan soke-soke da hukumar zaɓe tayi. [[Umaru Fintiri ya tabbata zaɓabben gwamna da nasarar da yasamu a zagaye nabiyun zaɓen da aka gudanar da kuri'u 376,552. inda ya kada abokin takararsa gwamna maici Jibrilla Bindow na jam'iyar All Progressives Congress (APC) wanda shi kuma ya samu ƙuri'u 336,386..
OHA
The Acronym OHA na iya nufin to:
Oha na iya nufin:
Agbodobiri
Agbodobiri yankine a karamar hukumar Burutu, gundumar Ngbilebiri-Mein/Ogbulubiri dake a cikin jihar Delta.
Ughelli ta Arewa
Ughelli ta Arewa Nadaga cikin Kananan Hukumomin Jihar Delta dake a kudu masu kudancin Nijeriya.
Ika ta Arewa maso Gabas
Ika ta Arewa maso Gabas Na ɗaya daga cikin Kananan Hukumomin Jihar Delta dake a kudu masu kudancin Nijeriya.
Kwalejin Sulaiman Al Rajhi
Jami'ar Sulaiman Al-Rajhi (a hukumance an rage masa suna SRC ) ( جامعة سليمان الراجحي   ) jami'a ce mai zaman kanta, jami'ar bincikie, wacce ta ƙunshi kwalejojin da suka kammala digiri uku: Medicine, Nursing da kimiyar hadin magungunada kuma asibitin jami'a na zamani. Gidauniyar Sulaiman Bin Abdul Aziz Al Rajhi Charitable Foundation ce ta kafa jami'ar kuma tana cikin Al Bukayriyah, Saudi Arabia.
Harabar
Babban harabar jami'ar yana kusa da babbar hanyar Madina zuwa Riyadh harabar jami'ar SRC na musamman kusa da babbar hanyar da ta hada Riyadh da Madina kuma tana da kusan 370. km daga Riyadh babban birnin kasar. Idan aka kammala aikin zai kai kadada 10,100.
Mulki
Tun daga watan Janairun 2008, an nada Farfesa Dr. Saleh Bin Abdullah Al Damegh a matsayin babban mai kulawa kuma shugaban jami'ar Sulaiman Al Rajhi. A karshen jawabinsa Sheikh Al Rajhi ya nuna cewa an ba da umarnin kula da jami'ar ga Prof. Dr. Saleh Bin Abdullah Al Damegh, saboda dogon tarihinsa na ilimi da kuma gogewar da ya yi a fannin likitanci.
Jami'ar Maastricht & UMC+
A kokarin samar da "tsibirin na kwarai," Jami'ar Sulaiman Al Rajhi ya rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar fahimtar juna a karkashin kulawar H. Dr. Khalid bin Mohammad Al Angary, ministar ilimi mai zurfi ta Saudiyya, Ms. Maria Josephina Arnoldina, ministar Netherlands. Minista na harkokin tattalin arziki, da kuma gaban Dr. Mohammed Al Ohali, mataimakin ma'aikatar ilimi.
KPMG
Yarjejeniyar da ke tsakanin KPMG da SRC ta zama ginshiƙi na babban yunƙuri da Jami'ar da KPMG ke yi don gina ƙungiyoyin duniya da ƙarfin aiki na SRC. Jami’ar na son mayar da hankali ne musamman wajen bayar da ilimin likitanci da ilimin kiwon lafiya kuma za ta hada da asibitin jami’ar da za ta yi hidima ga al’ummar yankin da kuma likitocin da za su kasance.
Koyarwa
Jami'ar farko ta shafi kiwon lafiya da bincike kuma, don haka, Turanci shi ne matsakaicin koyarwa a SRC. Ilimin likitanci na SRC ya dogara ne a kan tsarin karatun likitanci na Jami'ar Maastricht saboda haka za a koyar da ɗaliban da suka yi rajista a Jami'ar Sulaiman Al Rajhi ta amfani da tsarin ilimi na koyo na tushen matsala (PBL). Dangane da falsafar PBL na Maastricht, SRC ta yi imanin cewa yakamata ɗalibai su kasance da alhakin daukar nauyin iliminsu na ilimi.
Ɓangarorin lafiya
Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiya ta SRC ta fara shirin karatun likitanci na farko na tushen matsala (PBL) a ƙarshen Satumba 2010, bisa ga sabuwar shekarar karatu ta Jami'ar Maastricht na 2010-2011. Kwalejin likitanci ta ƙunshi sassa masu zuwa:
Ƙofofin ƙasar Hausa
Kofofin masarautun kasar Hausa ƙofofi ne ( Hausa : kofa ), ((باب)) ko katanga (ganuwa) waɗanda ke kewaye da masarautun ƙasar Hausa a da. A zamanin da, kowace masarauta tana kewaye da bango wanda ke dauke da kofofi daban-daban, a dalilin yaƙe-yaƙe yasa aka ƙofofin suke a zaman dabarun yaƙi, Kowace kofa tana da suna da mai tsaron ta, mai tsaronta ana masa laƙabi da ( Sarkin Kofa, lit. "Sarkin Kofa"). A da, musamman da daddare, mai tsaron kofa ke kula da kofa daya a kowane lokaci. Dukkannin ƙofofin an sanya su ga mutum ɗaya a yau.
Tsarin gine-gine
A masarautun kasar Hausa, an gina kofofin ne daga laka, busasshiyar ciyawa, katako, karafa, duwatsu, da sauran kayayyakin gargajiya da suka dace da ginin. Kofofin an tsara su ne bisa ga al'adun Hausawa kuma suna nuna gine-ginen gargajiya na Hausawa ta amfani da tubalin ƙonawa da launukan gargajiya na yankin na Hausa. A matsakaici,ƙofofin suna kaiwa tsayin kusan mita biyar, tare da tsayin kusan mita goma.An zana su da zane-zane,alamomi, da zane-zanen Hausa, kamar tambarin arewa,tambari da ake yawan amfani da shi a gine-ginen Hausa wanda ke zama alama ko tuta ga Hausawa.Lokacin da aka gama ginin ƙofar,ana yiwa dukkan ƙofofin zane irin na gargajiya yayin da ake barin wasu ƙofofin launin ruwan kasa tare da kalar yanayi ta laka, kamar kofar Marusa a cikin garin Katsina. .
Bayani
A zamanin da,kowace ƙofa an keɓance ta ga mutum ɗaya.Aikinsa ne a kowane lokaci don kare shi da kiyaye shi ta hanyar samar da bayanan gudanarwa na kowane motsi na mutanen da suke wucewa ta ƙofar tare da al'amuran rikodin ƙasashen waje don kare kai. Kowace kofa tana da mabuɗin rufewa da buɗe ta; makullan an kasafta ga Sarkin Kofa. Yawancin lokaci, akwai ajali na rufewa da buɗe kowace ƙofa, amma a yau ƙofofin a buɗe suke ba tare da buƙatar maɓallan ba. A al'adance, a lokacin yakin, umarni na zuwa ne kawai daga ko masarautar ko kuma mai ba shi shawara kan yaki, Sarkin yaki '. Daga lokacin yaƙi, ana ba da umarni da kula da ƙofar ga Sarkin Kofa. Umarni ne cewa shigowa cikin gari kawai za'a iya yin ta wadannan kofofin. Idan an rufe ƙofofin da daddare, ba sa sake buɗewa har gari ya waye. Mukamin Sarkin Kofa ya gaje shi ne tun daga Masarautar Hausa, tun daga Sarkin Kofa har zuwa yaransa. Har ila yau,ƙofofin suna zama wuraren jan hankali na yawon buɗe ido a cikin ƙasar Hausa a wannan zamanin.
Masarautar Bauchi
A cikin Masarautar Bauchi akwai kofofi guda tara.
Masarautar Kano
Masarautar Kano tana da kofofi 15. Wasu daga katangarsu sun ruguje saboda rashin kulawa.
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Masarautar Katsina
An kewaye fadar da katanga wacce ake kira "Ganuwar Gidan Sarki", wanda yanzu babu shi.Ana kiran babbar kofa da take kaiwa zuwa gidan sarautar "Kofar Soro", ma'ana Kofar Soro, yayin da kofar da ke bayan gidan fadar ana kiranta Kofar Bai,wacce yanzu ta tafi. A cikin garin katsina, akwai kofofi kusan 7 a kowane kusurwar masarautar.An gina kofofin ne domin bada damar motsawa da fita, akwai wasu kofofin da ba su wanzu yanzu, wadannan kofofin sune; Kofar Turmi, Kofar Keke, Kofar Angulu,Kofar Gazobi da Kofar Waziri.
Masarautar Zazzau
Garin Zariya yana da kofofi guda shida wadanda tun farko aka gina su bayan gina katangar garin. Kofofin sun hada da wadannan banda na Jatau da na Galadima. Sarkin Kofa na Zazzau na yanzu shi ne Alhaji Mansur Dambo Mai-Sa'a.
Kulawa
A shekarun baya
kofofin suna karkashin kulawar Sarakuna Wanda su kuma sun dorawa sarakunan kofofin, amma a shekarar 1958 Gwamnatin Nijeriya ta ayyana cewa: duk sun zama gine-ginen kasar Nijeriya hakkin kula da su ya dawo ga hannun gwamnatin tarayya. Saide yanzu haka da yawa daga waɗannan kofofin suna lalacewa saboda rashin kula su yadda yadace, amman wasu lokutan akan gyara su akai-akai.
Rabilu Musa
Rabilu Musa Ibro, anfi sanin shi da suna Dan Ibro (Disamba 12, 1971 – Disamba 9, 2014) kwararren ɗan wasan barkwanci ne na Hausa a Najeriya, mai shiryawa, jarumi kuma mai bayar da umarni a fina-finan Hausa. Ana kallonsa a matsayin jagoran cigaban masana'antar fina finan Hausa ta Kannywood, ya ciyar da masana'antar gaba sosai har zuwa rasuwar sa a shekarar 2014.
Tarihin rayuwa
Dan Ibro ya halarci makarantar Danlasan Primary School, a garin Wudil daga baya ya je makarantar Government Teachers College Wudil duka a jahar Kano. Ya shiga aikin jami'in tsaro na gidan yari wato (Nigerian Prison Service) a 1991 yayi kuma aiyukan sakai. Daga baya kuma duka ya koma harkar fim da fim dinsa na farko wato dar mai Ganye wanda ya kara bunkasa harkokin sa.
Shahararrun wakokin da suka kara bunkasa shi sune bayanin Naira, Idi Wanzami, Direba Makaho
Sana'ar fim
Rabilu Musa ya shahara sosai a harkar fina-finan hausa kadan daga fina-finan sa sun hada da Andamali, Bita Zai Zai, Ibro Aloko, Ibro Angon Hajiya, Ibro Dan Fulani, wasu wakoki daya shahara dasu sune Bayanin Naira, Idi Wanzami, Direba Makaho.
Kennedy Boboye
Kennedy Boboye (an haife shi a ranar 1 ga watan Janairun 1974) manajan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Najeriya kuma tsohon ɗan wasa.
Sana'ar wasa
Boboye ya fara aikinsa ne da ƙungiyar Sharks ta Najeriya. A cikin shekarar 1998, ya sanya hannu ga SV Straelen a matakin na huɗu na Jamus. A cikin shekarar 1999, ya rattaɓa hannu a kulob na uku na Jamus KFC Uerdingen. A shekara ta 2003, ya rattaɓa hannu a Manning Rangers a Afirka ta Kudu.
Akinyinka Omigbodun
Akinyinka Omigbodun farfesa ne na Najeriya na likitan mata, likitan mata ne kuma tsohon malami ne a Kwalejin Medicine, Jami'ar Ibadan. Ya yi aiki ne a matsayin shugaban Kwalejin Likitoci na Yammacin Afirka kuma shugaban kwamitin gudanarwa na Consortium for Advanced Research Training in Africa (CARTA).
Kennedy Boboye
Aikin gudanarwa
A cikin shekarar 2016, an naɗa Boboye kocin ƙungiyar Plateau United ta Najeriya, inda ya taimaka musu wajen lashe kofin gasarsu ɗaya tilo. A cikin shekarar 2019, an naɗa shi kocin Akwa United a Najeriya, inda ya taimaka musu wajen lashe kofin gasar da suka yi.
Akinyinka Omigbodun
Aiki
Sha'awar binciken sa tana cikin yankin Gynecologic oncology. Shi memba ne na kwamitin gudanarwa, kuma Jami'ar Jihar Osun, ne wanda Ogbeni Rauf Aregbesola, babban gwamnan ne na jihar Osun ya naɗa a shekarar ta 2012. Ya kasance babban mai magana ne a wani taron tattaunawa da manema labarai da aka gudanar a Legas, inda ya kuma gabatar da rahotonsa kan Binciken Abubuwan Bukatu na Ekiti da Jihar Nasarawa. Bincikensa ya yi niyyar taimakawa wajen samar da tsare -tsaren ayyuka don magance ci gaban zamantakewa da al'amuran lafiyar haihuwa na matasan Najeriya.
Farkon rayuwa da ilimi
An haifi Omigbodun a jihar Osun dake kudu maso yammacin Najeriya. Ya samu digiri na farko (M.B.B.S) a fannin likitanci a Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Jami'ar Ibadan a watan Yuni 1980. Bayan kammala hidimar Matasa na ƙasa na shekara ɗaya (NYSC) a Najeriya, ya fara koyon horo na zama a fannin mata masu ciki a shekarar 1982. Bayan ya kammala horon a shekarar 1987, ya zama daya daga cikin ƴan Kwalejin Likitoci ta Yammacin Afirka.
Sana'a
A watan Oktoba na shekarar 1997 aka nada shi Farfesa a fannin ilimin mata masu ciki da mata a jami'ar Ibadan sannan a shekarar 2002 ya zama babban mai kula da kwasa-kwasai a kwalejin likitocin fida ta Afirka ta yamma
A cikin 2012, an zaɓe shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin ƴan Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Najeriya, ƙungiyar koli ta ilimi a Najeriya. An shigar da shi makarantar, tare da Farfesa Mojeed Olayide Abass, Farfesa dan Najeriya a fannin kimiyyar kwamfuta a Jami'ar Legas da Farfesa Isaac Folorunso Adewole, tsohon mataimakin shugaban Jami'ar Ibadan.
Kyaututtuka da karramawa
Farfesa Omigbodun ya samu kyautuka da karramawa da yawa bisa ga irin gudunmawar da ya bayar a fannin likitanci da ilimi. Shi mai karɓar (Audrey Meyer Mars Clinical Oncology Fellowship) da kuma Fellowship of the American Cancer Society.
A watan Nuwamba 1996, ya ba da lambar yabo ta American Society for Reproductive Medicine ga mafi kyawun mai gabatarwa a taron shekara-shekara karo na 52 da aka gudanar a Boston, Massachusetts, Amurka.
Woodson County, Kansas
Woodson County (daidaitaccen gajarta: WO ) yanki ne da ke cikin jihar Kansas ta Amurka. Dangane da ƙidayar jama'a ta 2020, yawan gundumar ya kasance 3,115. Wurin zama na gundumar Yates Center.
Tarihin farko
Tsawon shekaru aru-aru da yawa, Babban Filaye na Arewacin Amirka ƴan asalin ƙasar Amirka makiyaya ne ke zaune. Daga karni na 16 zuwa karni na 18, Masarautar Faransa ta yi ikirarin mallakar manyan sassan Arewacin Amurka. A cikin 1762, bayan Yaƙin Faransa da Indiya, Faransa ta ba da sabuwar Faransa ga Spain a asirce, bisa ga yarjejeniyar Fontainebleau.
Karni na 19
A cikin 1802, Spain ta dawo da mafi yawan ƙasar zuwa Faransa, amma tana riƙe take zuwa kusan mil 7,500. A cikin 1803, yawancin ƙasar Kansas ta zamani ta samu daga Amurka daga Faransa a matsayin wani ɓangare na Siyan Louisiana na murabba'in mil 828,000 akan cents 2.83 a kowace kadada.
A cikin 1854, an shirya yankin Kansas, sannan a cikin 1861 Kansas ta zama jihar Amurka ta 34. A cikin 1855, an kafa gundumar Woodson. An yi amfani da Fort Belmont lokacin yakin basasa kuma ya karbi 'yan gudun hijira daga Trail of Blood on Ice. An binne Opothleyahola a wani kabari da ba'a taba gani ba kusa da 'yarsa da ta mutu a sansanin.
Geography
A cewar Ofishin Kididdiga na Amurka, gundumar tana da jimillar yanki na 505 sqmi, wanda ya 498 sqmi   ƙasa ce kuma 7.4 sqmi   (1.5%) ruwa ne.
Alkaluma
Dangane da ƙidayar na 2000, akwai mutane 3,788, gidaje 1,642, da iyalai 1,052 da ke zaune a cikin gundumar. Yawan yawan jama'a ya kasance mutane 8 a kowace murabba'in mil (3/km 2 ). Akwai rukunin gidaje 2,076 a matsakaicin yawa na 4 a kowace murabba'i mil (2/km 2 ). Tsarin launin fata na gundumar ya kasance 96.96% Fari, 0.82% Baƙar fata ko Ba'amurke, 0.87% Ba'amurke, 0.05% Asiya, 0.24% daga sauran jinsi, da 1.06% daga jinsi biyu ko fiye. 1.37% na yawan jama'ar Hispanic ne ko Latino na kowace kabila.
Akwai gidaje 1,642, daga cikinsu kashi 25.80 cikin 100 na da ‘ya’ya ‘yan kasa da shekara 18 suna zaune tare da su, kashi 53.80% ma’aurata ne da ke zaune tare, kashi 7.40% na da mace mai gida babu miji, kashi 35.90% kuma ba iyali ba ne. Kashi 33.30% na dukkan gidaje sun kasance mutane ne, kuma 19.40% suna da wanda ke zaune shi kaɗai wanda ya kai shekaru 65 ko sama da haka. Matsakaicin girman gidan ya kasance 2.24 kuma matsakaicin girman dangi shine 2.83.
A cikin gundumar, yawan jama'a ya bazu, tare da 21.70% a ƙarƙashin shekaru 18, 7.40% daga 18 zuwa 24, 22.10% daga 25 zuwa 44, 23.90% daga 45 zuwa 64, da 24.80% waɗanda shekarunsu suka kai 65 ko kuma mazan. Matsakaicin shekarun ya kasance shekaru 44. Ga kowane mace 100 akwai maza 96.80. Ga kowane mata 100 masu shekaru 18 zuwa sama, akwai maza 96.80.
Matsakaicin kuɗin shiga na gida a cikin gundumar shine $25,335, kuma matsakaicin kuɗin shiga na dangi shine $31,369. Maza suna da matsakaicin kudin shiga na $23,950 sabanin $16,135 na mata. Kudin shiga kowane mutum na lardin shine $14,283. Kusan 10.20% na iyalai da 13.20% na yawan jama'a sun kasance ƙasa da layin talauci, gami da 17.20% na waɗanda ke ƙasa da shekaru 18 da 13.20% na waɗanda shekarunsu suka kai 65 ko sama da haka.
Zaben shugaban kasa
Woodson County yana da karfi na Republican. Dan Democrat daya tilo da ya sami rinjaye a gundumar shine Franklin D. Roosevelt a 1932, kodayake Woodrow Wilson ya sami rinjaye a 1912. Sabanin haka, Charles Evans Hughes a 1916 da George HW Bush a 1992 su ne kawai 'yan Republican da suka yi nasara a gundumar da kawai suka sami nasarar lashe kuri'u da yawa.
Garuruwa
Woodson County ya kasu kashi shida na gari. Ana ɗaukar Cibiyar Yates a matsayin mai zaman kanta ta gwamnati kuma an cire ta daga alkaluman ƙidayar jama'a na ƙauyuka. A cikin tebur mai zuwa, cibiyar yawan jama'a ita ce birni mafi girma (ko biranen) da aka haɗa a cikin jimlar yawan jama'ar garin, idan yana da girman girma.
Anne Bannerman
Anne Bannerman (An haife ta ranar 31 ga watan Octoba, 1765). Mawaƙiya ce kuma yar kasar Scotland.
Farkon rayuwa
Bannerman dai an haifeta ne a dangin Ediburgh, mahaifiyarta itace Isobel mahaifinta kuma William Bannerman.
Mutuwa
Bayan rasuwar mahaifiyarta da yayarta ta shiga cikin matsanancin talauci duk da abokananta sun kawo mata dauki, duk da haka ta mutu ne da bashi a 29 ga watan Satunba 1827.
BMW E39 M5
BMW E39 M5, wanda aka kera daga 1998 zuwa 2003, ya wakilci kololuwar jeri na E39 5, wanda ke nuna jajircewar BMW na samar da sedan na alatu mai inganci. An bambanta shi da fasikacin gabanta na gaba, wuraren shaye-shaye na quad, da keɓaɓɓen ƙafafun M-takamaiman, E39 M5 ya nuna babban gaban. Ciki yana ba da haɗaka na wasanni da alatu, yana nuna kujerun tallafi, kayan ƙima, da sabbin ci gaban fasaha. Zuciyar E39 M5 ita ce injin sa na V8 mai nauyin lita 4.9, yana ba da ƙarfin dawakai mai ban sha'awa da bayanin kula mai fitar da kashin baya. An sanye shi da madaidaicin akwatin gear mai sauri guda shida, E39 M5 ya ba da ƙwarewar tuƙi mai jan hankali, yana ba da saurin ƙyalli da kulawa na musamman don abin hawa mai girmansa. An girmama shi azaman babban sedan da ma'auni don aikin alatu, E39 M5 ya kasance abin ƙima a tsakanin masu sha'awar BMW.
Toyosi Akerele-Ogunsiji
Toyosi Akerele-Ogunsiji (an haife Oluwatoyosi Akerele ne a ranar, 8 ga watan Nuwamba 1983)ta kasan ce kuma ƙwararren yar kasuwa ne yar Nijeriya kuma masani ne kan ci gaban ɗan adam wanda aikin ta ya keɓance tsakanin kasuwanci, ilimi, ci gaban matasa da jagorancin jama'a. Ita ce ta kafa, kuma babban jami'in gudanarwa na Rise Networks, wani kamfani ne mai zaman kansa da kuma kamfanoni masu zaman kansu na Najeriya da ke tallafa wa harkokin kasuwancin matasa.
Rayuwar farko da ilimi
An haifi Akerele-Ogunsiji ga dangin James Ayodele da Felicia Mopelola Akerele a jihar Legas, Najeriya. Ta halarci makarantar Ebun Oluwa Nursery da Primary School, Oregun Lagos daga inda ta tafi Kwalejin Kwalejin Model ta Kankon Badagry, Legas don karatunta na karamar sakandare daga 1994 zuwa 1996 kafin ta ci gaba zuwa Kwalejin Egbado (yanzu kwalejin Yewa) daga 1998 zuwa Yuni 2000 a gare ta. Babbar Ilimin Sakandire inda ta kammala a matsayinta na mafi kyawun Studentalibi a Gasar Essay wanda ionungiyar Makarantu na Aionian ta shirya a Jihar Ogun. Ta samu digiri na biyu a fannin shari'a a Jami'ar Jos a watan Afrilun 2007. Akerele-Ogunsiji A Mason Fellow ne kuma Babbar Jagora a Fannin Gudanar da Harkokin Jama'a na Harvard University Kennedy School of Government.
Ta yi karatun dabarun Gudanarwa a Matsayi na Darakta a Makarantar Kasuwancin Alkali ta Jami'ar Cambridge, ta sami Takaddar Shawara a Ayyukan Hadahadar Matasa na Kudi daga Jami'ar New Hampshire, Durham, Amurka, tana da Takaddar Shawara a Media Enterprise daga Makarantar Media da Sadarwa, Pan Jami'ar Atlantic da Takardar Jagora na Gudanar da Gudanar da Ayyuka daga Kwalejin Gudanar da Ayyuka, Burtaniya. Har ila yau, ta yi karatun dabarun Tallace-tallace na Dijital a Cibiyar Bunkasar Digital Digital.
Kwarewar sana'a
Akerele-Ogunsiji ta fara aiki a 2007 a matsayin Shugabar Sadarwa da Harkokin Harkokin Waje a Oando Oil and Gas PLC. Ta koma ma'aikatar matasa da ci gaban al'umma, jihar Ogun, Najeriya inda ta kasance mataimakiya ta musamman ga mai girma kwamishina kan ci gaban matasa kafin ta ci gaba da kafa Rise Human And Education Development Networks, kungiyar da ke mai da hankali kan samar da ci gaban ilimi da shirye-shiryen gina iya aiki ga matasa 'yan Najeriya tsakanin 16 zuwa 30.
Akerele-Ogunsiji ta kafa Passnownow a shekarar 2012 da nufin taimakawa marassa galihu da hana yara 'yan makarantar sakandare samun dama da kuma amfani da Abun cikin Ilimin Ilimi na Manhaja, daga jin dadin Na'urorin Waya. Ita ma ta kafa, Kamfanin buga takardu, na buga Printing Princiag wanda ke bayar da sabis na Buga na awanni 24 a farashi mai sauki ga Kananan Kasuwanci ta hanyar Intanet.
a 2017, Akerele-Ogunsiji ya jagoranci ɗaliban ƙasashen duniya na Harvard Kennedy School of Government da Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) zuwa Seungiyar Jama'a da Filin Innovation na mako guda a, Lagos, Nigeria. An bayyana tafiyar a matsayin samar da "ingantaccen dandamali don Hadin gwiwa ga Dalibai da Harvard da kuma Malaman don kara koyo game da Bunkasar birane da kirkire-kirkire, Gasar Tattalin Arziki, Gudanar da Demokradiyya da Sauyi a Manufofin Jama'a na Legas da Najeriya.
Iyali
A shekarar 2014 ta auri Adekunle Ogunsiji, wani kwararren masanin ilimin ICT, a wani muhimmin bikin aure da aka yi a gidansu da ke Ikeja, Legas.
The Amazing Grace
The Amazing Grace wani fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na tarihi na ƙasashen Najeriya da Burtaniya a 2006 wanda Jeta Amata da Nick Moran suka rubuta, Jeta Amata ne suka shirya kuma Jeta Amata & Alicia Arce suka shirya. Fim ɗin ya haɗa da Joke Silva, Nick Moran, Scott Cleverdon, Mbong Odungide, Fred Amata da Zack Amata. Fim ɗin ya sami zaɓi na 11 kuma ya sami lambar yabo don Nasara a Cinematography a Kyautar Fina-Finan Afirka a 2007.
Toyosi Akerele-Ogunsiji
Littattafai
An wallafa rubuce-rubucenta da hirarrakin nata a jaridun The Nation, da Nigerian Guardian, da The Punch da kuma jaridar This Day.
The Amazing Grace
Gabatarwa
Fim ɗin wanda Joke Silva ya ba da labari, yana ba da labarin sake fasalin ɗan kasuwan bayi na Biritaniya John Newton ( Nick Moran), ya yi tafiya zuwa yankin da ke a yanzu Najeriya don siyan bayi. Daga baya, ƙara gigice da zalunci na bauta, ya daina sana'a kuma ya zama Anglican firist. Newton daga baya ya rubuta waƙar fansa Amazing Grace kuma ya zama mai shafewa.
Ibrahim Bio
Ibrahim Isa Bio (an haife shi a watan Afrilun shekara ta 1957), Shugaba Umaru 'Yar'Adua ne ya naɗa shi a matsayin Ministan Sufuri na Nijeriya a ranar 17 ga watan Disambar shekara ta 2008. Bayan Mataimakin da Shugaban Kasa Goodluck Jonathan ya zama Shugaban Kasa na rikon kwarya a watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2010, ya rusa majalisar ministocin a ranar 17 ga watan Maris shekara ta 2010, sannan ya rantsar da sabuwar majalisar ministoci a ranar 6 ga watan Afrilun shekara ta 2010 tare da Ibrahim Bio a matsayin Ministan Hukumar Wasanni na Kasa.
Bayan Fage
An haifi Ibrahim Isa Bio a watan Afrilu na shekarar ta 1957 a karamar hukumar Baruten, jihar Kwara. Ya yi karatun digiri a kantin magani a Jami’ar Ahmadu Bello da ke Zariya da kuma MBA daga Jami’ar Jihar Ogun. Ibrahim Bio yayi kwamishinan lafiya na jihar Kwara a shekara ta (1990-1992).
An zaɓi Ibrahim Bio a majalisar wakilan Najeriya a cikin watan Afrilu na 1999 a kan dukkan jam’iyyun All Party (APP) na mazabar Baruten / Karma (Kwara), kuma ya kasance mataimakin shugaban kwamitin ta a kan muhalli. Kafin zaben 2003, ya canza sheka zuwa Jam'iyyar PDP. An zabe shi ne a kan wannan dandalin zuwa majalisar wakilai ta jihar Kwara, inda aka naɗa shi Kakakin majalisar.
Ministan Sufuri
An naɗa Ibrahim Bio a matsayin Ministan Sufuri a ranar 17 ga Disambar 2008, ya maye gurbin Diezani Allison-Madueke, wacce aka sauya zuwa shugabar ma’aikatar Ma’adinai da Karafa.
Wariyar muhalli
Wariyar muhalli, wani nau'i ne na wariyar hukumomi wanda ke haifar da yin ciko da ƙasa ko ƙonewa, da kuma zubar da shara masu haɗari a yankunan da baƙaƙen fata ke rayuwa. A duniya ana kuma danganta shi da tsattsauran ra'ayi, wanda ke sanya ayyukan mahalli kamar haƙar ma'adanai, haƙar mai, da aikin noma na masana'antu a kan asalin ƴan ƙasa da kuma ƙasashen talakawa wanda mafi yawancin mazaunansu mutane masu launi.
Martani ga wariyar muhalli ya ba da gudummawa ga adalci na muhalli, wanda ya fara daga kasashen Amurka da wajenta a cikin shekarun 1970 da 1980. Wariyar launin fata na muhalli na iya yin illa ga ƙungiyoyin tsiraru ko kuma masu rinjaye, kamar yadda yake a Afirka ta Kudu inda wariyar launin fata ta yi illa ga muhalli ga Baƙar fata. Ɓangaren ƙasa da ƙasa, cinikayya a sharar duniya na yin illa ga galibin ƙasashen duniya a ƙasashe matalauta waɗanda mutane masu launin fata ke zaune. Har ila yau, ya shafi rashin lahani na musamman na ƙungiyoyin ƴan asalin ga gurɓacewar muhalli.
Tarihi
"Wariyar muhalli" kalma ce da Benjamin Chavis, tsohon darektan zartarwa na United Church of Christ (UCC) Commission for Racial Justice. A cikin jawabin da ke adawa da sanya sharar polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mai haɗari a cikin gundumar Warren, ta Arewacin Carolina, Chavis ya ayyana kalmar a matsayin:"wariyar launin fata a cikin aiwatar da lamurran manufofin muhalli, aiwatar da ƙa'idoji da dokoki, da gangan niyya ga al'ummomin launin fata don wuraren sharar gida mai guba, takunkumin hukuma na kasancewar barazanar rayuwa na guba da gurɓatawa a cikin al'ummominmu, da tarihin ware mutanen launi daga jagorancin ƙungiyoyin halittu."Sanar da wariyar launin fata na muhalli ya haifar da yunƙurin adalci na muhallu wanda ya fara a cikin 1970s da 1980s tare da tasiri daga yunkurin kare hakkin bil'adama na baya. Kungiyoyin Grassroots da kamfen sun jawo hankali ga wariyar launin fata na muhalli a cikin yin manufofi kuma sun jaddada muhimmancin shigar da 'yan tsiraru. Duk da yake wariyar launin fata na muhalli an danganta shi da tarihin da yunkurin adalci na muhallu, a cikin shekaru ana ƙara rarraba kalmar. Bayan abubuwan da suka faru a Warren County, UCC da Babban Ofishin Lissafi na Amurka sun fitar da rahotanni da ke nuna cewa wuraren sharar gida masu haɗari sun kasance a cikin unguwanni marasa galihu. Chavis da Dokta Robert D. Bullard sun nuna wariyar launin fata da aka kafa daga manufofin gwamnati da kamfanoni wanda ya haifar da wariyar launin fatar muhalli. Wadannan ayyukan wariyar launin fata sun hada da redlining, zoning, da kuma tsara shirye-shiryen daidaitawa. Mazauna sun fuskanci wariyar launin fata na muhalli saboda rashin matsayinsu na zamantakewa da tattalin arziki, da rashin wakilcin siyasa da motsi. Da yake fadada ma'anar a cikin "The Legacy of American Apartheid and Environmental Racism", Dokta Bullard ya ce wariyar launin fata na muhalli:￼"yana nufin kowane manufa, aiki, ko umarni wanda ya bambanta ko rashin fa'idodi (ko an yi niyya ko ba a yi niyya ba) mutane, kungiyoyi, ko al'ummomi bisa ga launin fata ko launi."Ko da yake an ƙaddamar da kalmar a cikin Amurka, wariyar launin fata kuma tana faruwa a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa. Bincike ya nuna cewa tun lokacin da dokokin muhalli suka yi fice a kasashen da suka ci gaba, kamfanoni sun kwashe shararsu zuwa Kudancin Duniya. Ƙasashen da ba su da ci gaba akai-akai suna da ƙarancin ƙa'idodin muhalli kuma sun zama mafakar gurɓatawa.￼
Al'ummomin da aka ware wadanda ba su da hanyoyin tattalin arziki da siyasa don adawa da manyan kamfanoni suna da rauni ga ayyukan wariyar launin fata na muhalli wadanda ke cutar da lafiyarsu.￼
Adalci na muhalli yana fama da shingen hana samun dama ga aiki daidai gwargwado[bayani da ake buƙata], nishaɗi, ilimi, addini, da ƙauyuka masu aminci. A cikin "Muhalli na Talakawa", Joan Martinez-Allier ya rubuta cewa adalcin muhalli "ya nuna cewa ci gaban tattalin arziki - rashin sa'a yana nufin karuwar tasirin muhalli, kuma yana jaddada ƙaura daga wurare da matsuguni."￼
Mai haddasawa
Akwai dalilai huɗu waɗanda ke haifar da wariyar launin fata na muhalli: rashin ƙasa mai araha, rashin ikon siyasa, rashin motsi, da talauci. Kamfanoni da hukumomin gwamnati suna neman ƙasa mai rahusa. A sakamakon haka, al'ummomin da ba za su iya tsayayya da waɗannan kamfanoni da hukumomin gwamnati ba kuma ba za su sami damar samun ikon siyasa ba za su ba za su taɓa yin shawarwari kawai ba. Al'ummomin da ke da karancin motsi na zamantakewa da tattalin arziki ba za su iya komawa ba. Rashin gudummawar kudi kuma yana rage ikon al'ummomi na yin aiki a zahiri da siyasa. Chavis ya bayyana wariyar launin fata na muhalli a cikin nau'o'i biyar: nuna bambancin launin fata a cikin bayyana manufofin muhalli, tilasta bin ka'idoji da dokoki, niyya da gangan ga al'ummomin 'yan tsiraru a matsayin wuraren zubar da sharar gida masu haɗari, hukuma ta hukuma ta gurɓataccen abu a cikin al'ummomi marasa rinjaye, da kuma cire mutane masu launin fata daga mukaman jagorancin muhalli.￼
Al'ummomin 'yan tsiraru galibi ba su da hanyar kudi, albarkatu, da wakilcin siyasa don tsayayya da wuraren sharar gida masu haɗari. An san su da amfani da ƙasa da ba a so a cikin gida (LULUs), waɗannan wuraren da ke amfana da dukan al'umma galibi suna rage ingancin rayuwar al'ummomin 'yan tsiraru. Wadannan unguwanni na iya dogara da damar tattalin arziki da shafin ya kawo kuma suna jinkirin adawa da wurin da yake a hadarin lafiyarsu. Bugu da ƙari, ayyukan da ke da rikici ba za a iya zama a yankunan da ba na ƙarancin ba waɗanda ake sa ran su bi aikin hadin gwiwa kuma su yi nasara wajen tsayayya da zama na ayyukan a yankinsu.
A cikin birane a Arewacin Duniya, birane da gentrification suna haifar da alamu na wariyar launin fata na muhalli. Misali, fararen jirgin sama daga yankunan masana'antu don mafi aminci, mafi tsabta, yankunan da ke kusa da yankunan masanaʼantu. A cikin waɗannan yankuna, rashin aikin yi yana da yawa kuma kamfanoni ba su da damar saka hannun jari a inganta yankin, suna haifar da yanayin tattalin arziki mara kyau ga mazauna da ƙarfafa tsarin zamantakewa wanda ke haifar da rashin daidaito na launin fata. Bugu da ƙari, talauci na masu mallakar dukiya da mazauna a cikin gari na iya la'akari da masu haɓaka wuraren sharar gida masu haɗari, tunda yankunan da ke da ƙimar ƙasa masu raɗaɗi za su adana kuɗin masu haɓakawa.￼
Al'amuran zamantakewa da tattalin arziki
Binciken amfani da kaya (CBA) tsari ne wanda ke sanya darajar kuɗi akan farashi da fa'idodi don kimanta batutuwa. CBA na muhalli yana da niyyar samar da mafita ga manufofi don samfuran da ba a gani ba kamar iska mai tsabta da ruwa ta hanyar auna shirye-shiryen mabukaci don biyan waɗannan kayayyaki. CBA tana ba da gudummawa ga wariyar launin fata ta muhalli ta hanyar kimanta albarkatun muhalli bisa ga amfanin su ga al'umma. Lokacin da wani ya yarda kuma ya iya biyan ƙarin ruwa mai tsabta ko iska, biyan kuɗin da suke biya yana amfana da al'umma fiye da lokacin da mutane ba za su iya biyan waɗannan kayayyaki ba. Wannan yana haifar da nauyi ga al'ummomin matalauta. Komawar sharar gida mai guba ya cancanci tunda al'ummomin matalauta ba su iya biyan kuɗi kamar yankin da ya fi arziki don yanayi mai tsabta ba. Tsayar da sharar gida mai guba kusa da matalauta yana rage darajar dukiyar ƙasar da ta riga ta kasance mai rahusa. Tunda raguwar darajar dukiya ba ta da ƙasa da na yanki mai tsabta da wadata, fa'idodin kuɗi ga al'umma sun fi girma ta hanyar zubar da sharar mai guba a cikin yankin "mai ƙarancin ƙima".
Tasirin lafiya
Nuna wariyar launin fata na muhalli yana tasiri ga lafiyar al'ummomin da ke fama da yanayin talauci. Abubuwa daban-daban da zasu iya haifar da matsalolin kiwon lafiya sun haɗa da haɗari ga guba mai haɗari a cikin shara da koguna.rivers. Bayyanawa ga waɗannan gubobi na iya raunana ko jinkirta ci gaban kwakwalwa. Wadannan haɗari kuma suna shafar lafiyar mutanen da ke zaune a cikin waɗannan al'ummomin, suna nuna yadda kiyaye ingancin lafiyar muhalli yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa mutanen da ke fama da rauni suna iya rayuwa lafiya tare da sassan yanayin da suka dogara da su.
Kungiyar kare dabbobi In Defense of Animals ta yi iƙirarin aikin gona na dabbobi yana shafar lafiyar al'ummomin da ke kusa. Sun yi imanin cewa tafkunan turare da ke da alaƙa suna samar da hydrogen sulfide kuma suna gurɓata kayan ruwa na gida, wanda ke haifar da matakan zubar da ciki, lahani na haihuwa, da barkewar cututtuka. Wadannan gonaki an sanya su cikin yankuna masu karamin karfi da al'ummomin launi. Sauran haɗari sun haɗa da fallasawa ga magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta, ɓarkewar sinadarai da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin a cikin iska. Rashin tsabta a cikin wurare da kuma bayyanar sinadarai na iya shafar ma'aikatan gona, waɗanda galibi mutane ne masu launi..
Al'ummar kimiyyar yanayi suna buƙatar yin aiki akan rarraba bayanan da ake da su, bayanan da suke tattarawa, da kuma aiki don kawar da rashin daidaito na tarihi a cikin albarkatu. Misali, akwai karancin bayanai game da kara yawan raƙuman zafi a Afirka, duk da haka raƙuman zafin suna shafar mutane da yawa.
Rashin gurɓataccen yanayi
Yankin kudu maso gabashin Amurka ya sami gurɓataccen gurɓata kuma an sami rinjaye ga yawancin ƴan tsiraru tare da nauyin waɗannan tasirin. Akwai lokuta da yawa na mutanen da suka mutu ko kuma suna fama da rashin lafiya daga tsire-tsire na kwal a wurare kamar Detroit, Memphis, da Kansas City. Mazaunan Tennessee da West Virginia galibi suna fuskantar numfashi mai guba saboda fashewa a cikin duwatsu don hakar ma'adinai. fari, ambaliyar ruwa, raguwar ƙasa da ingancin iska suna ƙayyade lafiyar da aminci na mazaunan da ke kewaye da waɗannan yankuna. Al'ummomin launi da matsayi mai ƙarancin kuɗi galibi suna jin nauyin waɗannan batutuwan da farko. Akwai al'ummomi da yawa a duniya da ke fuskantar irin waɗannan matsalolin. Misali, aikin Desmond D'Sa ya mayar da hankali kan al'ummomi a Kudancin Durban inda masana'antun gurɓataccen yanayi ke tasiri ga mutanen da aka tilasta su sake komawa lokacin wariyar launin fata.￼
Masu kula da Masallatai biyu
Wakĩlai masu kula da Masallatai Biyu (raguwa CTHM; Arabic  , Khādim al-Ḥaramayn aš-Šarīfayn), Bawan Khādim al-Ḥaramayn aš-Šarīfayn Biyu ko Mai Kare Birane Guda Biyu Masu Tsada, salon sarauta ne wanda yawancin shuwagabannin musulmai suka yi amfani dashi, ciki harda Ayyubids, Mamluk Sultans of Egypt, the Ottoman Saltans., kuma a wannan zamani, sarakunan larabawa na Saudiyya. The title aka wani lokacin daukar don nuna a fakaice da a zahiri shine Halifa Musulunci, amma shi yafi nufin da m shan nauyin tsaron da kuma rike biyu holiest masallatai a Musulunci : Al-Haram Masallaci Arabic:, "A Masallacin Harami ") a Makka da kuma Annabi Masallaci Arabic:) a Madina, dukansu suna yankin Hejazi na yankin Larabawa.