cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Mustapha Lawan Nasidi
Basira
Sayyid Mustapha Lawal Nasidi mutum ne mai basira da saurin ɗaukar karatu, tun yana ƙarami haka yake har zuwa girman sa. Abokan karatun sa tun na yarinta har zuwa na Harka Islamiyya duk sun yi shaidar haka. Bayan rikicin 'yan Shi'a a Zariya ta 12-14 Disambar 2015, mahaifiyar Sayyid Mustapha Lawal Nasidi din, Hajiya Asma'u, ta bayyana cewa, "Malam Mustapha tun tasowarsa yaron kirki ne, ya kasance mai ladabi da biyayya da girmama na gaba dashi, shi mutum ne mai zumunci da son 'yan'uwansa. Lokacin yana karami, idan yana kuka, sai yayansa, Alhaji Isiyaka, sai yace Hajiya ba kuka yake ba, karatu yake. Sai nima na yi ta mamaki idan ya fadi hakan, sai da ya fara girma, dana ga irin kaifin basirar da Allah ya masa, gashi da saukin fahimtar karatu, sai na tabbatar da cewa, lallai Allah ya yi masa baiwa ta daban"
Hajiya tace "Malam Mustapha, mutum ne mai nazari da hangen nesa, duk abin da zai yi sai ya yi tunani a kansa, kuma duk abin da ya shige mana duhu, idan aka fada masa, cikin kankanin lokaci zai warware mana shi. Yana da biyayya da bin umarnin iyaye.
Mutuwa
Har yanzu babu wanda yace mana ya ganshi ko ya ce ya mutu saboda yana daga cikin wadanda rikicin Zariya da sojoji ya rutsa dashi.
Hakuri
Sayyid Mustapha Lawal Nasidi mutum ne mai hakuri, zai yi wahala kaga bacin ransa, sai dai in ka taba Manzon Allah (s) saboda shi mutum ne mai kishin addinin Muslunci, Sayyid Mustapha yana da yawan ibada, duk wanda ya yi mu'amala da shi, zai shaidi haka. Fasihi ne shi, Allah ya hore masa fasahar iya magana, kokai waye idan ya yi magana da kai sai ka fahimce shi. Jarumi ne shi, gwarzo, bashi da tsoro ko kadan, sai dai tsoron mahaliccinsa, hatta makiyansa sun yi masa wannan shaida. Sayyid Mustapha shi kadai ne yake fitowa ya yi magana a kan kowace irin matsala da ta damu al'umma a yankin Potiskum.
Rikicin Boko Haram
Shi ne a lokacin 'yan ta'adda na Boko Haram yake fitowa ya yi wa jama'a gamsashshen jawabi. Lokacin da tashin Bama-Bamai ya yi tsanani a yankin Potiskum, ana ta guduwa ana barin gari, Sayyid Mustapha cewa ya yi "Kar kowa ya tafi ko ina, babu inda babu mutuwa, kuma mutum ba zai mutu ba, sai kwanansa ya kare, don haka ni babu inda zan tafi, ina nan a cikin garin Potiskum, ko da kuwa za ayi gunduwa gunduwa dani. Wannan jawabi na Sayyid Mustapha ya saka jama'a da dama sun zauna, duk da ma wasu sun riga sun gudu. Sayyid Mustapha Lawal Nasidi an kawo masa hari don a kashe shi har sau uku. Na farko shi ne wanda aka kawo masa hari gidansa a shekarar 2012. Suna zaune, bayan sun yi Azumi, ko ruwa basu sha ba, sun idar da Sallar Magrib, a ka bude musu wuta, take almajiransa uku suka mutu, aka jikkata mutum 6. Shi Sayyid Mustapha ko kwarzane bai yi ba, Allah ya kare shi. Sannan sun bi shi Jama'are, a shekarar 2013, garin kakanninsa, da nufin su kama shi, su je su kashe shi, nan ma Allah ya kare shi. Sai kuma na shekarar 2014, wanda aka jefa Bom a cikin masu Muzaharar Ashura juyayin ashura na kisan Imam Hussaini da a kayi a karbala a Potiskum, sun hango dan wani da rawani, sun dauka Sayyid Mustapha ne, sai da Bom din ya tashi, sai suka ga ashe bashi bane. Shi ne suka bude wuta a kan almajiransa da sauran jama'ar gari, inda suka kashe kusan mutum 30. Sun yi ta dana masa tarko Allah yana kare shi.
Sayyid Mustapha mutum ne mai karamci da girmama bako, yana da sada zumunci, yana yawan ziyarar Malamai na cikin garin Potiskum, domin neman hadin kai.
Gertrude Webster Kamkwatira
Gertrude Webster Kamkwatira (c. 1966 - 2006) ta kasance marubuciyar wasan kwaikwayo ta kasar Malawi, darakta kuma yarwasan kwaikwayo.
Rayuwa
An haifi Kamkwatira a kusan shekara ta 1966. Ta zama darakta a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Wakhumbata Ensemble a 1999 bayan mutuwar wanda ya kafa ta, Du Chisiza. Daga baya ta "bijire" daga waccan ƙungiyar kuma ta kafa rukunin wasan kwaikwayo Wanna-Do. Mukamai da ta rike sun hada da Shugaban kungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ta kasa ta Malawi da Shugabar kungiyar hakkin mallaka ta Malawi.
Kaura
Kaura ƙaramar hukuma ce da ke a Jihar Kaduna, arewa maso yammacin Najeriya.
Gertrude Webster Kamkwatira
Wasan kwaikwayo
Wasan kwaikwayo ta fara ne tun lokacin da ba mata da yawa da ke wasan kwaikwayo a Malawi. A 1987 dole ne ta dauki matsayi a cikin wasanni uku a lokaci daya saboda Wakhumbata yana da 'yan mata kaɗan.
Dalilin mutuwa
Ta mutu sakamakon zazzabin cizon sauro tana da shekara 40, a 2006.
Sallar asuba
sallar asuba ( فجر Hausa: itace salla ta farko a yini cikin jerin sallolin Farilla wanda Allah (s.w) ya wajabta akan kowane mutum musulmi mai hankali, baligi.
Adadin raka'o'i
Sallar asuba tanada adadin raka'o'i guda biyu, kuma duka ana bayyana karatun ta afili.
Tozalin kura
Tozalin kura shuka ne.
Younes Ahamdi
Younes Ahamdi (يونس أحمدي; an haife shi a ranar 14 ga watan Afrilu 1976) ɗan wasanJudoka ne kuma ɗan ƙasar Morocco ne. Ahamdi ya halarci gasar wasan Olympics ta bazara a shekara ta shekarar 2004, inda ya sha kaye a zagaye na 32 na kasar Rasha Evgeny Stanev.
Joyce Mhango-Chavula
Joyce Mhango-Chavula fitacciyar jarumar ' yar wasan Malawi ce, mai shirya fim, darektan wasan kwaikwayo, da kuma mai koyar da fasaha.
Rayuwa
Joyce Mhango-Chavula ta fara wasan kwaikwayo a lokacin da take makarantar sakandare, ta hanyar kungiyar Koyar da Turanci a Malawi. Daga baya ta shiga ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo na gida mai suna Reformation Theayre kuma ta yi aiki tare da gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Alabama. Misali na Gertrude Kamkwatira, Chavula ta yi watsi da aikinta na mai kula da tallace-tallace da kuma mai kula da tallace-tallace a 2009, kuma ta ƙaddamar da nata kamfanin wasan kwaikwayo, Rising Choreos Theater Company. Komawa (2011) ta haɗu da castan Nijeriya da Malawi, gami da Patience Ozokwor, kuma ya zagaya duk yankuna uku na Malawi.
Fim din Chavula na farko mai suna, No More Tears (2013), an fidda shi a Lilongwe da kuma bakin tekun Malawi da ke gundumar Salima. Ta ba da labarin wata yarinya 'yar shekara 20 da ke bukatar kula da mahaifinta bayan rasa mahaifiyarsa da cutar kanjamau. Bayan mahaifinta ya mutu hisan uwansa sun nemi dukiyarsa, suka bar yarinyar cikin talauci.
Fim dinta na shekarar 2015 Lilongwe ya lashe Kyakkyawan Fina-finai daga Kudancin Afirka a cikin Gwarzon Kyautar Afirka na Masu sihiri na 2016.
Nyasaland (2016) ta karɓi zaɓaɓɓe don ba da Kyaututtukan Kwalejin Fina- Finan Afirka na 2018 don Mafi Kyawun Fim a cikin Harshen Afirka. Fim din ya fara fitowa a Amurka a bikin Fina-Finan Afirka na Silicon Valley na shekarar 2018.
Fina-finai
. FATSANI, Actress, 2019
Dikko Umaru Radda
Karatu
Ya fara karatunsa na farko a makarantar firamare ta Radda daga. Shekara ta1974 zuwa 1980. Ya wuce zuwa Kwalejin Malamai ta Zariya tsakanin shekara ta 1980 zuwa 1985. Ya shiga Kwalejin Ilimi ta Kafanchan a shekara ta 1986 zuwa 1990, inda ya samu takardar shaidar NCE. Ya shigaJami'ar Abubakar Tafawa Balewa da ke Bauchi a shekara ta 1992 zuwa 1996, inda ya kammala karatunsa na B-Tech.Agric Economic and Extension (Hons), sannan ya sami admission a Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello Zaria a shekara ta 1998 zuwa 2004 inda ya samu MSC Agric Extension and Rural Sociology a shekara ta 2004. Ya koma ABU Zariya a shekara ta 2005 don samun digiri na biyu a fannin harkokin kasa da kasa da diflomasiyya. Ya kammala karatun digirin digirgir (P.h.D) a fannin aikin gona da ilimin zamantakewar karkara a shekara ta 2015.
Aiki da Siyasa
Yayi Shugabancin Karamar Hukumar Charanchi ta Jihar Katsina tsakanin Jan 2005 zuwa Afrilu 2007. kuma an nada shi Shugaban Kwamitin riko na Karamar Hukumar Charanchi, a watan Mayun 2007. Sauran mukaman daya rike akwai; Babban Mai Taimakawa 'Yan Majalisu, NASS, Abuja, 2012-2014, Sakataren Jin Dadin Jama'a (APC), Yuni 2014-Yuli 2015. Ya rike sarautar gargajiya ta Gwagwar Katsina a masarautar KatsIna an nada shi a matsayin shugaban ma’aikata na Gwamnan Jihar Katsina. Shi ne Darakta Janar/Babban Babban Jami’in Hukumar Raya Kanana da Matsakaitan Masana’antu ta Najeriya (SMEDAN). Shugaban kasa Muhammadu Buhari ya sake nada Dr Dikko Umaru-Radda karo na biyu a matsayin shugaban Hukumar bunƙasa ƙanana da matsakaitan sana'o'i a Najeriya wato SMEDAN. Sanarwar ta fito ne daga ofishin sakataren gwamnatin tarayya, Boss Mustapha a wata takarda mai dauke da kwanan watar 12 ga watan Maris na 2021.
Wendy Shay
Wendy Asiamah Addo (an haife ta 20 ga Fabrairu 1996), wanda aka sani da sunan mataki Wendy Shay, mawakiyar Afropop ce ta Ghana kuma mawakiyar Afrobeats. A cikin Maris 2021, tana daga cikin Manyan Mata 30 Mafi Shahara a cikin Kiɗa ta 3Music Awards Brunch na Mata.
Dikko Umaru Radda
Aiki da Siyasa
Dr. Dikko Umar Radda ya shiga siyasar neman kujerar Gwamnan Jihar Katsina, a siyasar 2023. A daidai lokacin ne ya ajiye shugaban Hukumar bunƙasa ƙanana da matsakaitan sana'o'i a Najeriya wato SMEDAN, a ranar Laraba, 1 ga watan Yuni 2022, inda ya damka wa Mr Wale Fasanya mukamin, bayan ya lashe zaben fidda gwanin Gwamnan Jihar Katsina a karkashin jam'yyar APC.
Wendy Shay
Farkon ƙuruciya
An haifi Wendy Shay ga Mr & Mrs Addo a ranar 20 ga Fabrairu 1996 a Accra, wani yanki na Babban yankin Accra na Ghana. Bayan mutuwar mahaifinta, ta koma Stuttgart, Jamus tare da 'yan uwanta uku. Sha'awar Wendy ga kiɗa ta ɓullo jim kaɗan bayan rasa mahaifinta yana ɗan shekara 4. Ta halarci Makarantar Morning Star da St Martin de Porres a Accra kafin ta koma Stuttgart inda ta ci gaba da karatunta daga aji 7 (JHS 1). Ta kuma halarci makarantar kida a Bernhausen a Jamus.
Dikko Umaru Radda
Zaben Gwamna na 2023
Hukumar zaben Najeriya INEC ta ayyana Dokta Umar Radda na jam'iyyar APC a matsayin wanda ya lashe zaɓen gwamnan jihar Katsina. Radda ya samu nasara ne da ƙuri'u 859,892, yayin da mai biye masa Garba Yakubu Lado Danmarke na jam'iyyar PDP ya samu kuri'a 486,620. Jami'in da ke tattara sakamakon zaɓen gwamnan a jihar ta Katsina, Farfesa Mu'azu Abubakar Gusau ne ya bayyana sakamakon a daren Lahadi. Jihar Katsina ita ce jihar shugaban Najeriya Muhammad Buhari. An Rantsar da Dr Dikko Radda a Matsiyin wadda ya Lashe zabe a Ranar Litinin a Shirin da Tare ga wata Mayu She kara ta Dubu biyu da a shirin da Ukku
Wendy Shay
Aiki
Wendy Shay ƙwararriyar Nurse ce ta ƙwararru, ta yi aiki a matsayin ungozoma a fagen asibiti. Ta kasance mai aikin ungozoma har sai da ta koma Ghana don ci gaba da harkar waka.
Wendy Shay kwanan nan an rufe shi a matsayin Ahenemba Hemaa na Gomoa Afransi a Yankin Tsakiya (Ghana) tare da sunan kujerar Sarauniya Ewurabena Ofosuhemaa Shay 1.
Rigima
An samu cece -kuce game da korar Wendy a matsayin Jakadan Brand na Hukumar Kula da Ayyukan Matasa (YEA) amma daga baya aka tabbatar da cewa har yanzu ita ce Jakadiyar.
Yin
Wendy Shay ta yi wasanni da dama a cikin abubuwan da suka hada da Miss Ghana 2018 Finals, RTP Awards Africa 2018, BF Suma Ghana Connect 18 concert.
Ta kuma yi waka a Afronation Music Festival Ghana a watan Disamba 2019.
Olayemi Ogunwole
Olayemi Ogunwole wadda aka fi sani da Honey Pot ma'aikaciya ce ta rediyo da kuma talabijin a Gidan Rediyon TVC dake jihar Legas, Nigeria. Kuma ta kasance shahararriya a fannin yada labarai.
Bonduel, Wisconsin
Bonduel ƙauye ne a gundumar Shawano, Wisconsin, Amurka. Yawan jama'a ya kasance 1,478 a ƙidayar 2010.
Olayemi Ogunwole
Ilimi
Honey Pot ta yi karatun Turanci a jami’ar Obafemi Awolowo, Najeriya..
Bonduel, Wisconsin
Tarihi
Kamar yadda aka kafa, al'ummar ba ta da wani suna a hukumance. Wasu rahotanni na farko sun kira shi Hartland Corners, mai yiwuwa dangane da garin da ke kewaye, mai suna Hartland. Ba a kafa sunan Bonduel ga al'umma ba har sai an gabatar da aikace-aikacen gidan waya a cikin 1864, a lokacin an ƙi "Hartland" kamar yadda ake amfani da shi azaman sunan ƙauye a Wisconsin. Saboda haka, ana kiran ƙauyen Bonduel lokacin da aka ƙirƙiri gidan waya. Sunan ƙauyen ne bayan wani ɗan mishan na Jesuit, Rev. Florimond Bonduel, wanda ya bauta wa Ikklesiya na Wisconsin kuma wanda ya yi aiki tare da Indiyawan Menominee, yana taimaka musu su daidaita kan sabon ajiyar da aka ƙirƙira a 1853.
Olayemi Ogunwole
Aikin watsa labarai da wuri
Ta fara gabatar da shirye-shiryen ta ne a lokacin da take jami'a a OAU, Ile-Ife a matsayin mai karbar talabijin tare da NTA Ile-Ife inda ta gano gaskiyar Binciken tare da Yemi. Ita ma memba ce ta Ofishin Watsa shirye-shirye na Orientation (OBS) yayin shekarar hidimar Matasa ta Kasa a jihar Anambra, Najeriya.
Bonduel, Wisconsin
Tarihi
Bonduel an haɗa shi azaman ƙauye a cikin 1916. Kafin wannan lokacin, garin Hartland da ke kewaye ne ke gudanar da harkokin gudanarwa na al'umma.
Olayemi Ogunwole
Daga baya aikin watsa labarai
Bayan shekararta ta NYSC, ta cigaba da Bisi Olatilo Show (BOS). Bayan an yi mata gwaji a BOS, sai ta tafi makarantar horar da FRCN. Ta cigaba zuwa Rock City 101.9 FM, Abeokuta, inda ta karbi bakuncin Rock Game da Karanta Labarai, sannan daga baya zuwa Star 101.5 FM, inda ta karbi bakuncin Midday Belt, sannan kuma ta karanta labarai. Daga nan sai ta cigaba zuwa Rainbow 94.1 FM, inda ta samu karin matsayi zuwa matsayin Shugaban Shirye-shiryen kafin ta gabatar da jawabinta a Max FM (a baya Radio ta Duniya).
Bonduel, Wisconsin
Tarihi
A shekarar 1964 da kungiyar manoma ta kasa ta yi kokarin ganin manoma su hana amfanin gonakinsu da nono da dabbobinsu a kasuwa domin kara farashi ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar wasu ma’aikatan NFO guda biyu da wata motar shanu ta rutsa da su a garin Bonduel.
Yvon Rakotoarimiandry
Yvon Rakotoarimiandry (an haife shi a ranar 5 ga watan Janairu 1976), ɗan wasan Malagasy mai ritaya ne wanda ya ƙware a cikin tseren hurdles mita 400. Ya wakilci Madagascar a gasar Olympics ta bazara ta shekarar 2000 da kyar ya rasa matakin wasan kusa da na karshe.
Olayemi Ogunwole
Sauran aiki
Baya ga ayyukanta na watsa shirye-shirye, Honeypot ta kuma sanya tallace-tallace don samfuran kamar Harpic, First Monie ta First Bank da sauran tallace-tallace. Ta dauki bakuncin kyaututtukan Cigaban Mutane na 2017 na 2017 tare da Ruggedman.
Bonduel, Wisconsin
Geography
Bonduel yana nan a44.74028°N, -88.44528°W (44.740388, -88.445291).
A cewar Ofishin Kididdiga na Amurka, ƙauyen yana da 2.33 sqmi, duk ta kasa.
Yvon Rakotoarimiandry
Mafi kyawun sa na 49.53 (2001) shine rikodin ƙasa na yanzu.
Olayemi Ogunwole
Kyaututtuka da kuma sanin juna
An ba ta lambar yabo ta musamman saboda rawar da ta taka wajen bayar da rahoton Nishaɗi a talabijin ta hanyar viaarfafa Nishaɗi da Cityan City suka yi a shekara ta 2016.
Bonduel, Wisconsin
ƙidayar 2010
Dangane da ƙidayar na 2010, akwai mutane 1,478, gidaje 601, da iyalai 405 da ke zaune a ƙauyen. Yawan yawan jama'a ya kasance 634.3 PD/sqmi. Akwai rukunin gidaje 645 a matsakaicin yawa na 276.8 /sqmi. Tsarin launin fata na ƙauyen ya kasance 95.4% Fari, 0.8% Ba'amurke, 1.6% Ba'amurke, 0.4% Asiya, 0.8% daga sauran jinsi, da 1.0% daga jinsi biyu ko fiye. Hispanic ko Latino na kowace kabila sun kasance 1.7% na yawan jama'a.
Akwai gidaje 601, wanda kashi 34.1% na da ‘ya’ya ‘yan kasa da shekara 18 suna zaune tare da su, kashi 51.7% ma’aurata ne da ke zaune tare, kashi 10.5% na da mace mai gida babu miji, kashi 5.2% na da mai gida ba tare da matar aure ba. kuma 32.6% ba dangi bane. Kashi 28.0% na dukkan gidaje sun kasance mutane ne, kuma 11.8% suna da wanda ke zaune shi kaɗai wanda ya kai shekaru 65 ko sama da haka. Matsakaicin girman gidan ya kasance 2.43 kuma matsakaicin girman dangi shine 2.96.
Tsakanin shekarun ƙauyen ya kai shekaru 37.2. 26.2% na mazauna kasa da shekaru 18; 7.8% sun kasance tsakanin shekarun 18 zuwa 24; 27.3% sun kasance daga 25 zuwa 44; 22.5% sun kasance daga 45 zuwa 64; kuma 16.2% sun kasance shekaru 65 ko sama da haka. Tsarin jinsi na ƙauyen ya kasance 49.7% na maza da 50.3% mata.
Ƙididdigar 2000
Dangane da ƙidayar na 2000, akwai mutane 1,416, gidaje 581, da iyalai 392 da ke zaune a ƙauyen. Yawan yawan jama'a ya kasance mutane 645.0 a kowace murabba'in mil (248.5/km 2 ). Akwai rukunin gidaje 598 a matsakaicin yawa na 272.4 a kowace murabba'in mil (104.9/km 2 ). Tsarin launin fata na ƙauyen ya kasance 96.68% Fari, 0.14% Ba'amurke, 1.20% Ba'amurke, 1.13% daga sauran jinsi, da 0.85% daga jinsi biyu ko fiye. Hispanic ko Latino na kowace kabila sun kasance 1.91% na yawan jama'a.
Akwai gidaje 581, daga cikinsu kashi 33.6% na da ‘ya’ya ‘yan kasa da shekara 18 da ke zaune tare da su, kashi 55.9% ma’aurata ne da ke zaune tare, kashi 7.1% na da mace mai gida babu miji, kashi 32.4% kuma ba iyali ba ne. Kashi 27.5% na duk gidaje sun kasance na mutane ne, kuma 13.9% suna da wanda ke zaune shi kaɗai wanda ya kai shekaru 65 ko sama da haka. Matsakaicin girman gidan ya kasance 2.42 kuma matsakaicin girman dangi shine 2.94.
A ƙauyen, yawan jama'a ya bazu, tare da 26.2% 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 18, 8.0% daga 18 zuwa 24, 30.2% daga 25 zuwa 44, 18.3% daga 45 zuwa 64, da 17.3% waɗanda shekarunsu suka kai 65 ko kuma mazan. Matsakaicin shekarun ya kasance shekaru 34. Ga kowane mata 100, akwai maza 96.9. Ga kowane mata 100 masu shekaru 18 zuwa sama, akwai maza 92.8.
Matsakaicin kuɗin shiga na gida a ƙauyen shine $39,625, kuma matsakaicin kuɗin shiga na dangi shine $48,264. Maza suna da matsakaicin kudin shiga na $34,632 sabanin $21,741 na mata. Kudin shiga kowane mutum na ƙauyen shine $20,482. Kusan 2.3% na iyalai da 4.1% na yawan jama'a sun kasance ƙasa da layin talauci, gami da 3.4% na waɗanda ke ƙasa da shekaru 18 da 2.3% na waɗanda shekarunsu suka kai 65 ko sama da haka.
Faiza Aissahine
Faiza Aissahine (an Haife ta a ranar 20 ga watan Yuli shekarata alif 1993).'yar wasan judoka ce wacce ke gasa ta ƙasa da ƙasa don Algeria. Ita ce ta lashe lambar zinare a wasannin Afirka.
Umar Al-Dahi
Omar Abdullah Al-Dahi ( عمر عبدالله الداحي ; an haife shi a ranar 15 ga ga watan Disamba shekarar 1999), ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na Yemen wanda ke taka leda a kulob din Aswan na Masar da kuma tawagar ƙasar Yemen.
Faiza Aissahine
Nasarorin da aka samu
Aissahine ta lashe gasar African Open a Yaounde a cikin shekarar 2018 U52kg. Ta lashe lambar zinare a gasar cin kofin Afirka a Rabat a shekarar 2019 da kuma gasar cin kofin Afirka a shekarar 2022.
Umar Al-Dahi
Aikin kulob
Al-Dahi ya fara taka leda a kungiyar Al-Sha'ab Sana'a, daga baya ya koma kungiyar Al-Qasim ta kasar Iraqi. A watan Ga watan Nuwamba shekarar 2020, ya koma kulob din Aswan na Masar.
Faiza Aissahine
Nasarorin da aka samu
Aissahine ta lashe lambobin zinare biyu a gasar zakarun nahiyar, biyu a bude na nahiyar. Ta lashe azurfa a gasar kasa da kasa sannan kuma ta ci tagulla 5 gaba daya.
Umar Al-Dahi
Ayyukan kasa da kasa
Ya yi karo na kasa da kasa a ranar 8 ga watan Augusta, shekarar 2019, a gasar WAFF na shekarar 2019 da aka gudanar a Iraki tare da wasa da Lebanon a ci 2-1.
Faiza Aissahine
Nasarorin da aka samu
Ta yi rashin nasara a wasanta na tagulla a gasar mata mai nauyin kilogiram 52 a gasar Mediterranean ta shekarar 2022 da aka yi a Oran, Algeria.
Umar Al-Dahi
Ayyukan kasa da kasa
A ranar 5 ga ga watan Satumba, shekarar 2019, Al-Dahi ya bayyana a gasar neman cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA na shekarar 2022 da za a yi a Qatar kuma ya ci wa Yemen kwallonsa ta farko a karawar da suka yi da Saudiyya a wasan da suka tashi 2-2.
Houri
A cikin addinin addinin Islama, houri mata ne da za su raka muminai musulmai masu aminci a cikin Aljanna. Malaman Musulmai sun bambanta dangane da ko suna nufin matan muminai na wannan duniya ko wata halitta dabam, inda mafi rinjaye suka zaɓi na ƙarshen.
Kara tsiki
Kara tsiki (Vigna oleifera) shuka ne.
Houri
Etymology
A cikin amfani da Larabci na gargajiya, kalmar ḥūr (Larabci: حُور) jam'in ʾaḥwar ne (Larabci: أحْوَر) (namiji) da ḥawrāʾ (Larabci: حَوْراء) (na mata) wanda za a iya fassara shi da "samun idanu masu tsananin bambanci na fari da baki".
Kalmar "houri" ta shiga yaruka da yawa na Turai daga kusan ƙarni na 17 da 18.
Siffantarwa
An ambaci sa'o'i a wurare da dama na Al -Qur'ani, koyaushe cikin jam'i. Babu takamaiman lamba da aka taɓa bayarwa a cikin Alƙur'ani don adadin sa'o'i masu rakiyar kowane mai bi.
Bayanin Qur'ani
A cikin tafsirai da tafsirin Alqur'ani, an siffanta Houris da:
Ma'anar kalmar kawa'ib
Masu fassara da yawa - kamar Arberry, Palmer, Rodwell da Sale - sun fassara sunan ka'ib a cikin Alƙur'ani 78:33 da "tare da kumburin ƙirji". Ibn Kathir, a cikin tafsirinsa, ya rubuta cewa an fassara kalmar don nufin "cikakken ci gaba" ko "zagaye nono ... suna nufin da wannan cewa ƙirjin waɗannan 'yan mata za su kasance cikakke -zagaye ba za su ragu ba, saboda za su kasance budurwai." Hakazalika, Lexicon na Ingilishi na Ingilishi na Edward William Lane ya fassara kalmar ka'ib a matsayin "Yarinyar da ƙirjinta ya fara kumbura, ko ya zama fitacce, ko mai yawan magana ko samun kumburi, shahararre, ko mai ƙyamar nono."
Koyaya, M. A. S. Abdel Haleem da wasu sun nuna cewa bayanin anan yana nufin amfani da na gargajiya zuwa ƙuruciya maimakon jaddada fasalin zahiri na mata.
Wasu, irin su Abdullah Yusuf Ali, suna fassara ka'ib a matsayin "sahabbai", inda Muhammad Asad ya fassara kalmar da almara.
Bayanin Hadisi
A cikin Hadisi, an bayyana Houris a matsayin "bayyananne ga kasusuwan kasusuwansu", "samari na har abada", "marasa gashi sai gira da kai", "tsarki" da "kyakkyawa". Malaman hadisi na Sunni kuma suna ba da labarai da yawa na Annabi Muhammad wanda aka ambaci sa'o'i a cikin su.
Tirmizi ya ruwaito"Al-Hasan al-Basri ya ce wata tsohuwa ta zo wurin manzon Allah ta tambaye ta, ya Manzon Allah ka yi addua  cewa Allah ya ba ni shiga Aljanna. Manzon Allah ya amsa, "Ya Uwa, tsohuwa ba za ta iya shiga Aljanna ba." Wannan matar ta fara kuka ta fara tafiya. Manzon Allah ya ce, "Ka ce wa mace cewa mutum ba zai shiga cikin tsufa ba, amma Allah zai sanya dukkan matan Aljanna 'yan mata budurwai.) halitta kuma ya sanya su budurwai, masoya, daidai da shekaru."
Dangane da wani rahoto da Ibn Majah ya rawaito a cikin Sunansa:
Kungiya ta farko da za ta shiga Aljanna za ta kasance kamar cikakken wata a cikin dare, kuma wanda ke biye da wannan ƙungiya zai kasance kamar mafi haskaka taurarin taurarin sama masu haskaka taurari a sararin sama; kowane mutum daga cikinsu zai sami mata biyu, bargon da ƙusoshinsa za su haskaka daga ƙarƙashin jiki - babu wanda zai kasance ba tare da mata a Aljanna.
Mace ba ta ɓata wa mijinta rai amma matarsa ​​daga cikin kuyangin da ke da manyan idanuwa masu tsananin fari da baƙar fata za su ce: “Kada ku ɓata masa rai, Allah Ya halakar da ku. Yana tare da ku a matsayin baƙo mai wucewa. rabu da ku ku zo mana."
Magana game da "budurwai 72"
Malamin hadisi na Tirmizi ya nakalto annabi Muhammad yana cewa:
Duk da haka, wasu suna ƙin yarda cewa riwayar da ke baiwa dukkan maza mata saba'in da biyu tana da raunin riwaya.
Wani hadisi, kuma a cikin Jami`at-Tirmidhi kuma ana ɗaukarsa "mai kyau da sauti" (hasan sahih) yana ba da wannan ladan musamman ga shahidi:
"Akwai abubuwa shida a wurin Allah ga shahidi. An gafarta masa da zubar jini na farko (yana shan wahala), an nuna masa matsayinsa a Aljanna, an kare shi daga azaba a cikin kabari, an amintar da shi daga mafi girman ta'addanci, an ɗora kambin mutunci a kansa - da duwatsu masu daraja. sun fi duniya da abin da ke cikinta — ya auri mata saba'in da biyu a cikin sa’oi masu fadi (Larabci. اثْنَتَيْنِ وَسَبْعِينَ زَوْجَةً مِنَ الْحُورِ الْعِينِ) na Aljanna, kuma yana iya yin ceton saba'in daga cikin danginsa na kusa."
Jima'i a Aljanna
A cikin Alqurani, babu inda aka ambaci jima'i a Aljanna. Sai dai an samu wanzuwar sa a cikin hadisai, tafsirai da tafsirin musulunci.
Masu tafsirin Alqur'ani
Majiyoyin Sunni sun ambaci cewa kamar dukkan maza da mata na Aljanna, masu sa'a ba sa fuskantar fitsari, najasa ko haila.
Al-Qurtubi ya sulhunta hadisin da ya bayyana cewa mafi yawan mazaunan wuta (Jahannama) za su kasance mata ta hanyar ba da shawarar cewa da yawa daga cikin matan da za su zama masu rinjaye a cikin Jahannama za su kasance cikin masu zunubi waɗanda za su zauna a can na ɗan lokaci sannan kuma a fitar da su daga wuta zuwa Aljanna; bayan haka mafi yawan mutanen Aljanna za su kasance mata.
Jinsi da asali
A al'adance an yi imani da cewa houris kyawawan mata ne waɗanda aka yi musu alƙawarin lada ga muminai maza, tare da ɗimbin hadisi da tafsirin Alƙur'ani waɗanda ke kwatanta su haka. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, duk da haka, wasu sun yi iƙirarin cewa kalmar ḥūr tana nufin duka tsarkakakkun maza da tsarkakakkun mata (kasancewa kalmar jam’i ce ga duka nau'ikan maza da na mata waɗanda ke nufin fari) da imani cewa kalmar houris tana nufin mata kawai wadanda suke cikin aljanna kuskure ne.
Alkur'ani ya yi amfani da sifofi na mata da na tsaka-tsakin jinsi don bayyana houri,   ta hanyar kwatanta su da adjective mara iyaka عِينٌ, wanda wasu suka ɗauka don nuna cewa wasu wurare suna nufin sahabban maza da mata. Bugu da kari, amfani da karin magana na maza ga sahabban sa’a baya nuna cewa wannan kawancen ya takaita ne ga maza, kamar yadda tsarin maza ya kunshi mace a cikin Larabci na gargajiya da na Al-Qur’ani-don haka yana aiki azaman jinsi duka gami da tsari na asali-kuma yana da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin Alƙur'ani don yin magana ga dukkan bil'adama da duk masu bi gaba ɗaya.
A cikin Sakon Alkur'ani, Muhammad Asad ya bayyana yadda ake amfani da kalmar inr a cikin ayoyin 44:54 & 56:22, yana mai jayayya da cewa "sunan ḥūr - wanda na sanya shi a matsayin 'sahabbai tsarkaka' - jam'i ne na duka biyun. aḥwār (namiji) da ḥawrā '(na mata) ... saboda haka, ma'anar mahaɗin hurʿīn tana nufin, kusan, 'tsarkakakku, mafi kyawun ido'."
Dangantaka ga matan duniya
Dangane da matsayin tsinkaye na wannan mata ta duniya vis-a-vis houris, masu ilimin sun kiyaye cewa adalai na wannan rayuwar suna da matsayi mafi girma fiye da na houris. Masanin tauhidi na sunna Aḥmad al-Ṣāwī (shekara ta 1825), a cikin tafsirinsa kan aikin Ahmad al-Dardir, ya ce, “Matsayin da ya dace shi ne cewa matan wannan duniya za su fi budurwowi masu duhu duhu sau dubu saba'in (ḥūr ʿīn)." Muḥammad ibn ʿUmar Baḥraq (rasuwa 1524) ya ambaci a cikin littafin sa na farko ga yara cewa "Matan Adam sun fi 'yan mata masu duhu ido saboda addu'o'in su, azumin su, da ibadun su."
Mata daidai
Wasu suna jayayya cewa yayin da kalmar "houri" na iya nufin abokai mata, "wannan ba lallai bane ya hana wanzuwar kyakkyawan sahabban maza ga muminai mata".
An ambaci rashin ambaton wasu sahabbai na musamman ga mahallin zamantakewar Larabawa kafin Jahiliyya, inda aka ɗauki nassosin mata ba su dace ba.
Alama
Muhammad Asad ya yi imanin cewa ya kamata a ɗauki nassosin sa'oi da sauran hotunan aljanna a matsayin almara maimakon na zahiri, yana mai nuni da "rashin yiwuwar mutum ya yi tunanin 'aljanna' '. Don goyon bayan wannan ra'ayi ya kawo ayar Alkur'ani aya ta 32:17 da hadisin da aka samu a cikin Bukhari da Muslim.
Masanin falsafar 'yan Shi'a Muhammad Husayn Tabatabai ya ambaci cewa mafi mahimmancin gaskiyar bayanin sa'ar shine cewa kyawawan ayyukan da muminai ke yi ana sake ramawa da sa'a, waɗanda su ne sifofin zahiri na sifofi masu kyau waɗanda ba za su shuɗe ba tsawon lokaci da wanda zai zama amintattun sahabbai ga waɗanda suke rakiya.
Rigima
Nerina Rustjomi ta bayar da hujjar cewa rashin amfani da kalmar houri da 'yan ta' adda na Islama ke yi ya sa Amurkawa suna da karkatacciyar fahimta game da kalmar tare da kwatanta Musulunci a matsayin "addini wanda yake da halin son zuciya, tashin hankali, da rashin hankali".
A madadin haka, Annemarie Schimmel ta ce ya kamata a duba bayanin Al -Qur'ani na sa'o'i cikin yanayin soyayya; "duk mutumin kirki wanda yake rayuwa bisa tsarin Allah zai shiga Aljanna inda kogunan madara da zuma ke gudana cikin sanyi, lambuna masu kamshi da masoyan budurwa suna jiran gida".
Lake Lenore, Saskatchewan
Lake Lenore ( yawan jama'a 2016 : 284 ) ƙauye ne a lardin Kanada na Saskatchewan a cikin gundumar Karkara na Lake Lenore Lamba 399 da Rarraba Ƙididdiga Na 15. Ƙauyen yana 144.6 km arewa maso gabas da birnin Saskatoon. A wajen ƙauyen akwai tafkin da ke raba sunansa, Lake Lenore, wanda ya shahara saboda ayyukan kamun kifi, da kuma Ƙauyen Ƙauye na Lake Lenore No. 399 zuwa arewa. Lake Lenore yana da cikakkiyar makaranta mai aiki, Co-op Grocery da Tashar Sabis na Agro kuma ya ƙunshi Ƙungiyar Kiredit da Laburaren Jama'a.
Tarihi
Gidan farko da aka gina a tafkin Lenore Bernard Gerwing ne ya gina shi kuma ana daukarsa a matsayin wanda ya kafa al'umma. Daga baya al'umma za su yi tafiyar rabin kilomita don su kasance kusa da titin jirgin kasa. Za a yi watsi da gidan Bernard Gerwing a cikin 1916-1917, al'umma sun mai da shi wurin tarihi kuma yana kiyaye shi har yau. Lake Lenore an haɗa shi azaman ƙauye a ranar 28 ga Afrilu, 1921. A baya an san tafkin Lenore da Lenore Lake kafin a canza sunan a cikin 1920s saboda kuskuren da aka samu a cikin littattafan kamfanin jirgin kasa. Lake Lenore babbar al'ummar Jamus ce.
Alkaluma
A cikin kididdigar yawan jama'a ta 2021 da Kididdiga Kanada ta gudanar, Lake Lenore yana da yawan jama'a 289 da ke zaune a cikin 116 daga cikin 135 na gidaje masu zaman kansu, canjin yanayi. 1.8% daga yawan jama'arta na 2016 na 284. Tare da filin ƙasa na 0.97 km2, tana da yawan yawan jama'a 297.9/km   a cikin 2021.
A cikin ƙidayar yawan jama'a na 2016, ƙauyen Lake Lenore ya ƙididdige yawan jama'a 284 da ke zaune a cikin 117 daga cikin 128 na gidaje masu zaman kansu. -4.6% ya canza daga yawan 2011 na 297. Tare da filin ƙasa na 0.97 km2, tana da yawan yawan jama'a 292.8/km   a cikin 2016.
Majalisar zartarwa ta jihar Oyo
Majalisar zartarwa ta jihar Oyo (a bisa doka, majalisar zartarwar jihar Oyo ) ita ce mafi girman hukuma wacce take taka rawa a cikin gwamnatin jihar Oyo karkashin jagorancin gwamnan jihar Oyo. Ya kunshi Mataimakin Gwamnan, Sakataren Gwamnatin Jiha, Shugaban Ma’aikata, Kwamishinoni wadanda ke shugabantar sassan ma’aikatun, da mataimaka na musamman na Gwamnan.
Ayyuka
Majalisar Zartarwar ta kasance tana bawa Gwamna shawara da jagorantar wasu ma'aikatu Nadinsu a matsayin membobin Majalisar Zartarwa ya ba su ikon aiwatar da iko a kan filayensu.
Minista na yanzu
Majalisar Zartarwa ta yanzu tana aiki ne karkashin gwamnatin Injiniya Seyi Makinde. An zabe shi a matsayin gwamnan jihar Oyo a zaben gwamna na 9 ga Maris 2019. An rantsar dashi a matsayin Gwamna na 18 na jihar Oyo a ranar 29 ga Mayu 2019.
Ciwon Huhun Daji
Ciwon huhun daji ciwo ne na qarin huhu ana danganta shi da girmar tantani mara magani na fale-falen nama ta huhu. Idan ba a nemo magani ba, wannan qari zata yaɗu a sassan huhun ta hanyar metastasis zuwa fale-falen nama ko sassan jikin. Yawancin ciwon daji da ke faruwa a huhu ana ce da su ciwon huhun daji na farko, acrcinomas. Ainihin waɗannan ire-ire biyu sune; karamin-tantanin huhun carcinoma (SCLC) da mara-karamin-tantanin huhun carcinoma (NSCLC). Yawan alamomin wannan ciwo sune; tari (da tarin jini), ramewa, kasawar numfashi da ciwon kirji.
Rigakafin shi ne ta kiyaye hazarin kamuwa da ita, tare da shan hayaki da kuma gurvacewar iska. kula da wannan da sakamako na tsawon lokaci ya danganta ga irin ciwon huhun dajin, yanayinta (yadda ya ke yaxuwa), da kuma dukan lafiyar mutumin. 'yawancin matsalolin ba a iya magance su. Maganinsa na yau dakullum ya hada da fixa, da magangunan kimiya, da dauka hoton. Ana iya magance NSCLC da fixa wasu lokuta, sa'annan SCLC kuma qan ji magangunan kimiya da daukan hoton da sauri fiye da fixa. A duniya gaba daya a shekara ta 2012, an same mutum miliyan daya da digo takwas (1.8 million) an gwada su da ciwon huhun daji, sa'annan mutum miliyan daya da digo shida sun mutu ta dalilin ciwon (1.6 million). Wannan ya zamma sanadiyyar mutuwa a maza na ciwon huhun daji gama gari da ya faru da na biyu cikin sanadiyyar mutuwar mata bayan ciwon-nono. 'yan shekaru saba'in ne an fi gwada su da wannan cutar. Mutane kashi sha bakwai da digo hudu cikin dari cikin Qasar Amurka an gwada su da wannan ciwon huhun daji, sun rayu da ciwon na shekaru biyar bayan gwajin, sa'annan sakamakon a Qaddarance a Qasashe masu tasowa.
Alamomi Da Alamun Bayyana Cututtuka
Alamomi da alamun bayyanar cututtuka da zasu iya ba da shawarar ciwon daji na huhu sun haɗa da:[1] Alamun numfashi: tari, tari na jini, shaƙatawa, ko ƙarancin numfashi Alamomin tsarin: asarar nauyi, rauni, zazzabi, ko kullun farce Alamun saboda yawan ciwon daji na latsawa akan sifofin da ke kusa: ciwon kirji, ciwon kashi, toshewar vena cava, ko wahalar haɗiye Idan ciwon daji ya girma a cikin hanyoyin iska, yana iya toshe kwararar iska yana haifar da wahalar numfashi. Haka kuma toshewar na iya haifar da tarin sinadarai a bayan toshewar, da kuma kara hadarin kamuwa da ciwon huhu[1]. Yawancin alamomin ciwon daji na huhu (rashin ci, rage kiba, zazzabi, gajiya) ba su takamaimai ba.[3] A cikin mutane da yawa, ciwon daji ya riga ya yadu fiye da asalin wurin lokacin da suke da alamun bayyanar cututtuka da kuma neman magani.[20] Alamomin da ke ba da shawarar kasancewar cutar ƙanƙara sun haɗa da asarar nauyi, ciwon kashi, da alamun jijiya (ciwon kai, suma, jijjiga, ko raunin hannuwa).[1] Wuraren yaɗuwar gama gari sun haɗa da kwakwalwa, ƙashi, glanden adrenal, kishiyar huhu, hanta, pericardium, da koda.[20] Kimanin kashi 10% na mutanen da ke fama da ciwon huhu ba su da alamun bayyanar cututtuka a ganewar asali; Ana samun waɗannan ciwon daji bisa ga radiyon ƙirji na yau da kullun.[15] Dangane da nau'in ƙari, abubuwan ban mamaki na paraneoplastic - alamun da ba saboda kasancewar ciwon daji ba - na iya fara jawo hankali ga cutar.[21] A cikin ciwon huhu na huhu, waɗannan abubuwan mamaki na iya haɗawa da hypercalcemia, ciwo na hormone antidiuretic da bai dace ba (fitsarin da ba a saba da shi ba da jini mai narkewa), samar da ACTH na ectopic, ko ciwo na Lambert-Eaton myasthenic (rauni na tsoka saboda autoantibodies). Ciwon daji a saman huhu, wanda aka sani da ciwace-ciwacen Pancoast, na iya mamaye yankin yankin na tsarin juyayi mai juyayi, wanda ke haifar da ciwon Horner (faɗin fatar ido da ƙaramin ɗalibi a wancan gefen), da kuma lalata plexus na brachial
Dalilai
Dalilai Dangantaka tsakanin shan taba sigari kowane mutum (blue) da namijin ciwon huhu na huhu (dark yellow) a Amurka sama da karni Haɗarin mutuwa daga ciwon huhu yana da alaƙa da shan taba. Ciwon daji yana tasowa bayan lalacewar kwayoyin halitta ga DNA da canje-canje na epigenetic. Wadancan canje-canjen suna shafar ayyukan al'ada na tantanin halitta, gami da yaɗuwar tantanin halitta, tsarin mutuwar kwayar halitta (apoptosis), da gyaran DNA. Yayin da ƙarin lalacewa ke taruwa, haɗarin ciwon daji yana ƙaruwa.[22].
Shan taba
shan taba shine babban abin da ke haifar da cutar kansar huhu.[4] Hayakin taba sigari ya ƙunshi aƙalla sanannun ƙwayoyin cuta na 73, [23] gami da benzo [a] pyrene, [24] NNK, 1,3-butadiene, da isotope na rediyoaktif na polonium - polonium-210.[23]. A duk kasashen da suka ci gaba, kashi 90% na mutuwar cutar kansar huhu a maza da kashi 70% na mata a shekarar 2000 ana danganta su da shan taba. [25] Shan taba yana da kusan kashi 85% na cututtukan daji na huhu.[14] Vaping na iya zama abin haɗari ga kansar huhu, amma ƙasa da na sigari, kuma ƙarin bincike ya zama dole saboda tsawon lokacin da zai iya ɗauka don cutar kansar huhu bayan kamuwa da cututtukan carcinogens.[26][27] Shan taba mai wucewa - shakar hayaki daga shan taba wani - shine sanadin cutar kansar huhu ga masu shan taba. Ana iya bayyana mai shan taba a matsayin wanda ko dai yana zaune ko yana aiki tare da mai shan taba. Nazarin daga Amurka, [28] [29] [30] Birtaniya [31] da sauran ƙasashen Turai[32] sun nuna ci gaba da haɓaka haɗari tsakanin waɗanda ke fuskantar shan taba.[33] Haɗarin kamuwa da kansar huhu yana ƙaruwa da kashi 25-28%.[34] Binciken hayaki na gefe (babban abin da ke haifar da hayaki na biyu; a kusa da 85%) yana nuna cewa yana da haɗari fiye da hayaƙi na yau da kullun.[35] Hayakin marijuana ya ƙunshi yawancin ƙwayoyin cuta iri ɗaya kamar waɗanda aka samu a cikin hayaƙin taba, [36] amma tasirin shan wiwi akan haɗarin kansar huhu bai bayyana ba. [37][38] Binciken 2013 bai sami ƙarin haɗari daga haske zuwa amfani mai matsakaici ba.[39] Binciken da aka yi a shekara ta 2014 ya nuna cewa shan wiwi ya ninka haɗarin kansar huhu, kodayake cannabis yana cikin ƙasashe da yawa da aka haɗa da taba.]
Radon Gas
Radon iskar gas ce mara launi da wari da ke haifarwa ta hanyar karyewar radium na rediyoaktif, wanda kuma shine rubewar samfurin uranium, wanda ake samu a cikin ɓawon ƙasa. Samfuran ruɓar raɗaɗi suna haɗar da kwayoyin halitta, suna haifar da maye gurbi wanda wani lokaci ya zama cutar kansa. Radon shine na biyu-mafi yawan sanadin cutar kansar huhu a cikin Amurka, [41] yana haifar da mutuwar kusan 21,000 kowace shekara.[42] Haɗarin yana ƙaruwa 8-16% na kowane 100 Bq/m³ karuwa a cikin radon maida hankali.[ 43] Matakan gas na Radon sun bambanta ta wurin zama da kuma abun da ke cikin ƙasa da duwatsu. Kusan ɗaya cikin gidaje 15 a Amurka yana da matakan radon sama da shawarar da aka ba da shawarar na 4 picocuries kowace lita (pCi/l) (148 Bq/m³).[44]
Asbestos
Asbestos na iya haifar da cututtukan huhu iri-iri kamar kansar huhu. Shan taba da kuma bayyanar da asbestos tare suna da tasirin haɗin gwiwa akan ci gaban ciwon huhu .[5] A cikin masu shan taba da ke aiki tare da asbestos, haɗarin ciwon daji na huhu yana ƙaruwa sau 45 idan aka kwatanta da yawan jama'a.[45]. Hakanan asbestos na iya haifar da ciwon daji na pleura, wanda ake kira mesothelioma - wanda a zahiri ya bambanta da kansar huhu.[46]
Gurbatacciyar Iska
Gurbacewar iskar gurbacewar iska a waje, musamman sinadarai da ake fitarwa daga kona man kaburbura, na kara kamuwa da cutar kansar huhu.[4] Fine particulates (PM2.5) da sulfate aerosols, waɗanda za a iya saki a cikin hayaki sharar hanya, suna da alaƙa da ɗan ƙara haɗari.[4][ 47] Ga nitrogen dioxide, karuwar kashi 10 a kowace biliyan yana ƙara haɗarin cutar kansar huhu da kashi 14%.[48] An kiyasta gurɓacewar iska a waje yana haifar da kashi 1-2% na cututtukan daji na huhu.[4] Shaida ta asali tana goyan bayan ƙarin haɗarin cutar kansar huhu daga gurɓacewar iska a cikin gida dangane da ƙone itace, gawayi, taki, ko ragowar amfanin gona don dafawa da dumama.[49] Matan da hayaƙin kwal na cikin gida suna da kusan ninki biyu na haɗarin, kuma yawancin abubuwan da ake samu na konewar ƙwayoyin cuta an san su ko kuma waɗanda ake zargi da cutar sankarau.[50] Wannan hadarin ya shafi kusan mutane biliyan 2.4 a duk duniya, [49] kuma an yi imanin yana haifar da kashi 1.5% na mutuwar cutar kansar huhu.
Genetics
Kimanin kashi 8% na cututtukan daji na huhu suna faruwa ne ta hanyar abubuwan gado (genetic)[51]. A cikin dangin mutanen da aka gano suna da ciwon huhu na huhu, haɗarin yana ninka sau biyu, mai yiwuwa saboda haɗuwa da kwayoyin halitta.[52]. Polymorphisms akan chromosomes 5, 6, da 15 an gano su kuma suna da alaƙa da haɗarin cutar kansar huhu.[53] Single-nucleotide polymorphisms na kwayoyin halittar nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) - CHRNA5, CHRNA3, da CHRNB4 - suna daga cikin waɗanda ke da alaƙa da haɗarin ciwon huhu na huhu, da RGS17 - kwayar halitta mai daidaita siginar G-protein.[53] ] Sabbin nazarin kwayoyin halitta, sun gano 18 masu rauni loci suna samun ma'anar kwayar halitta. Wadannan loci suna nuna nau'in nau'in nau'i a cikin raunin kwayoyin halitta a cikin nau'o'in histological subtypes na ciwon huhu, sake gano masu karɓar nicotinic cholinergic, misali. CHRNA2.
Sauran Abubuwan Da Ke Haifarwa
da wasu abubuwa da yawa, sana'o'i, da bayyanar muhalli an danganta su da cutar kansar huhu. Hukumar Bincike kan Ciwon daji ta Duniya ta bayyana cewa "isasshen shaida" ya kasance don nuna cewa waɗannan suna da ciwon daji a cikin huhu: Wasu karafa (samar da aluminum, cadmium da cadmium mahadi, mahadi chromium (VI), mahadi na beryllium da beryllium mahadi. baƙin ƙarfe da karfe kafa, nickel mahadi, arsenic da inorganic arsenic mahadi, da kuma karkashin kasa hematite ma'adinai) Wasu kayayyakin na konewa (rashin cikakken konewa, kwal (a cikin gida hayaki daga gida kwal kona), kwal gasification, kwal-tar farar, coke samar, soot, da ingin dizal) Ionizing radiation (X-ray da gamma) Wasu gas masu guba (methyl ether (nau'in fasaha), da bis- (chloromethyl) ether, sulfur mustard, MOPP (vincristine-prednisone-nitrogen mustard-procarbazine cakuda) da hayaki. daga zanen) Samar da roba da ƙurar siliki na crystalline Ana ganin ƙananan haɓakar haɗarin cutar kansar huhu a cikin mutanen da ke fama da cutar sclerosis.
Pathogenesis
Pathogenesis Duba kuma: Ciwon daji kamar sauran cututtukan daji, ciwon huhu yana farawa ne ta hanyar kunna ƙwayoyin cuta ko rashin kunna ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙari.[56] Carcinogens yana haifar da maye gurbi a cikin waɗannan kwayoyin halitta waɗanda ke haifar da haɓakar ciwon daji [57]. Maye gurbi a cikin K-ras proto-oncogene yana ba da gudummawa ga kusan 10-30% na adenocarcinomas na huhu.[58][59] Kusan kashi 4% na cututtukan huhu marasa ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta sun haɗa da EML4-ALK tyrosine kinase fusion gene.[60] Canje-canje na Epigenetic kamar canjin DNA methylation, gyaran wutsiya na histone, ko tsarin microRNA na iya haifar da rashin kunna ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta masu hana ƙari.[61] Mahimmanci, ƙwayoyin cutar kansa suna haɓaka juriya ga danniya na oxidative, wanda ke ba su damar jurewa da haɓaka yanayin kumburi wanda ke hana ayyukan tsarin rigakafi da ƙari.[62][63]. Mai karɓar haɓakar haɓakar epidermal (EGFR) yana daidaita haɓakar ƙwayoyin sel, apoptosis, angiogenesis, da mamayewa.[58]. Maye gurbi da haɓaka EGFR sun zama ruwan dare a cikin NSCLC, kuma suna ba da tushen jiyya tare da masu hana EGFR. Her2/neu ba shi da yawa sosai.[58] Sauran kwayoyin halittar da ake yawan canzawa ko inganta su sun hada da c-MET, NKX2-1, LKB1, PIK3CA, da BRAF.[58] Ba a cika fahimtar layukan tantanin halitta ba.[1] Na'urar na iya haɗawa da ƙarancin kunna sel masu tushe. A cikin hanyoyin iska na kusa, ƙananan ƙwayoyin da ke bayyana keratin 5 sun fi kamuwa da cutar, yawanci suna haifar da squamous-cell huhu carcinoma. A cikin hanyoyin iska na tsakiya, sel mai tushe sun haɗa da ƙwayoyin kulab da ƙwayoyin neuroepithelial waɗanda ke bayyana furotin sirrin kulab. SCLC na iya samo asali daga waɗannan layin salula [64] ko ƙwayoyin neuroendocrine, [1] kuma yana iya bayyana CD44.[64]. Metastasis na ciwon huhu yana buƙatar canzawa daga epithelial zuwa nau'in cell mesenchymal. Wannan na iya faruwa ta hanyar kunna hanyoyin sigina kamar Akt/GSK3Beta, MEK-ERK, Fas, da Par6
Binciken CT
Binciken CT scan yana nuna ciwon daji a cikin huhu na hagu Sarcoma na farko na huhu a cikin wani namiji mai shekaru 72 mai asymptomatic Yin rediyon kirji (x-ray) yana ɗaya daga cikin matakan bincike na farko idan mutum ya ba da rahoton alamun da ke iya zama alamar huhu. ciwon daji. X-ray na iya bayyana wani bayyanannen taro, faɗaɗawar mediastinum (mai ba da shawarar yaduwa zuwa nodes na lymph a can), atelectasis (ruɗuwar huhu), ƙarfafawa ( ciwon huhu), ko zubar da jini.[14]. Ana yawan amfani da hoton ƙirji na ƙirji (CT) don ganewar asali kuma yana iya bayyana wani ɗimbin ƙirƙira wanda ke da nuni da cutar kansar huhu. Hakanan ana amfani da hoton CT don samar da ƙarin bayani game da nau'in cuta da girman cutar. Bronchoscopic ko CT-guided biopsy ana amfani da shi sau da yawa don yin samfurin ƙwayar cuta don histopathology.[15] Ciwon daji na huhu na iya bayyana sau da yawa azaman nodule na huhu guda ɗaya akan gidan rediyon ƙirji. Duk da haka, bambance-bambancen ganewar asali yana da fadi kuma wasu cututtuka da yawa kuma na iya ba da wannan bayyanar, ciki har da ciwon daji na metastatic, hamartomas, da granuloma masu kamuwa da cutar tarin fuka, histoplasmosis, ko coccidioidomycosis.[66]. Ciwon daji na huhu kuma yana iya zama abin ganowa ba zato ba tsammani, a matsayin nodule na huhu guda ɗaya akan radiyon ƙirji ko CT scan wanda aka yi saboda wani dalili maras alaƙa.[67] Mahimmin ganewar cutar kansar huhu ya dogara ne akan binciken tarihi na naman da ake tuhuma a cikin mahallin sifofin asibiti da na rediyo.[1][3]. Sharuɗɗa na aikin asibiti suna ba da shawarar takamaiman mitoci (tsakanin tazarar lokaci tsakanin gwaje-gwaje) don kula da nodule na huhu.[68] Ba a ba da shawarar yin amfani da hoton CT na tsawon lokaci ko akai-akai fiye da yadda aka nuna a cikin jagororin asibiti ba, saboda duk wani ƙarin sa ido yana fallasa mutane zuwa ƙarar radiation kuma yana da tsada.[68]
Taswirar Rarrabawa
Taswirar Rarraba Pie wanda ke nuna abubuwan da suka faru na NSCLCs idan aka kwatanta da SCLCs da aka nuna a dama, tare da ɓangarorin masu shan taba da masu shan taba da aka nuna ga kowane nau'in[69] Daidaita yanayin ciwon huhu ta hanyar nau'in tarihin tarihi 66.9 Adenocarcinoma 22.1 Squamous-cell carcinoma 14.4 Karamin-cell carcinoma 9.8 An rarraba kansar huhu bisa ga nau'in tarihin tarihi.[3] Wannan rarrabuwa yana da mahimmanci don ƙayyade duka gudanarwa da tsinkayar sakamakon cutar. Ciwon daji na huhu shine carcinomas - malignancies da ke tasowa daga kwayoyin epithelial. An rarraba carcinomas na huhu ta hanyar girma da bayyanar mugayen ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda masanin ilimin tarihi ya gani a ƙarƙashin na'urar hangen nesa. Don dalilai na warkewa, ana rarrabe manyan nau'ikan ma'auni ne da ake rarrabe su: carcinoma (NSCLC). Ciwon huhun da ba ƙaramin tantai ba Manyan nau'ikan nau'ikan NSCLC guda uku sune adenocarcinoma, squamous-cell carcinoma, da carcinoma babba-cell.[1] Nau'ukan da ba safai ba sun haɗa da adenocarcinoma na ciki na huhu.[71] Kusan kashi 40 cikin 100 na cututtukan daji na huhu sune adenocarcinomas, wanda yawanci ke fitowa daga nama na huhu.[3] Kodayake mafi yawan lokuta na adenocarcinoma suna da alaƙa da shan taba, kuma shine mafi yawan nau'in ciwon huhu na huhu a tsakanin mutanen da suka sha taba sigari kasa da 100 a rayuwarsu ("masu taba shan taba") [1] [72] da kuma masu shan taba tare da tsofaffi. tarihin shan taba.[1] Wani nau'i na adenocarcinoma, ciwon daji na bronchioloalveolar, ya fi kowa a cikin mata masu shan taba, kuma yana iya samun rayuwa mafi kyau na dogon lokaci.[73]. Squamous-cell carcinoma yana haifar da kusan kashi 30% na cututtukan huhu. Yawanci suna faruwa kusa da manyan hanyoyin iska. Ramin rami da mutuwar tantanin halitta yawanci ana samun su a tsakiyar ƙwayar cuta.[3] Kusan kashi 10 zuwa 15 cikin 100 na cututtukan daji na huhu sune carcinoma babba.[74] Ana kiran waɗannan suna saboda ƙwayoyin kansar suna da girma, tare da cytoplasm mai yawa, manyan tsakiya, da kuma nucleoli na fili.[3] Karamin-cell carcinoma huhu A cikin SCLC, sel sun ƙunshi ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na neurosecretory (vesicles dauke da hormones na neuroendocrine), waɗanda ke ba da wannan ƙwayar cuta ta endocrin ko ƙungiyar paraneoplastic syndrome.[75]. Yawancin lokuta suna tasowa a cikin manyan hanyoyin iska (na farko da na biyu).[15] Kimanin kashi 60-70% suna da cututtuka masu yawa (waɗanda ba za a iya yin niyya ba a cikin filin jiyya guda ɗaya) a lokacin gabatarwa.[1] Wasu manyan nau'ikan tarihin tarihi guda huɗu an san su, kodayake wasu cututtukan daji na iya ƙunsar haɗaɗɗun nau'ikan cututtukan daji na iya ƙunsar haɗuwa da nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan halitta daban-daban, [70] kamar carcinoma adenosquamous.[3] Nau'ukan da ba safai ba sun haɗa da ciwace-ciwacen daji, ciwon daji na ƙwayar cuta, da sarcomatoid carcinomas.[3]