الحروب_العثمانية_في_إفريقيا
مصادر
<div class="cx-template-editor-title" title="This template formats a citation to a book using the provided bibliographic information (such as author and title) as well as various formatting options.">Cite book  Title <span data-key="title" title="The title of the book; displays in italics" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Geschichte des Osmanischen Reiches    Last name <span data-key="last" title="The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Nicolae Jorga    Publisher <span data-key="publisher" title="Name of the publisher; displays after title" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Yeditepe yayınları    Others <span data-key="others" title="Used to record other contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith'" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  trans by Nilüfer Epçeli    Year of publication <span data-key="year" title="Year of the source being referenced; use 'date' instead, if month and day are also known" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  2009    ISBN <span data-key="isbn" title="International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  975-6480-18-1    Location of publication <span data-key="location" title="Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Istanbul    Authors list <span data-key="authors" title="List of authors as a free form list. Use of this parameter is discouraged, "lastn" to "firstn" are preferable. Warning: do not use if last or any of its aliases are used." class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"> Nicolae Jorga     <div class="cx-template-editor-title" title="This template formats a citation to a book using the provided bibliographic information (such as author and title) as well as various formatting options.">Cite book   Title <span data-key="title" title="The title of the book; displays in italics" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Geschichte des Osmanischen Reiches    Last name <span data-key="last" title="The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Nicolae Jorga    Publisher <span data-key="publisher" title="Name of the publisher; displays after title" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Yeditepe yayınları    Others <span data-key="others" title="Used to record other contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith'" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  trans by Nilüfer Epçeli    Year of publication <span data-key="year" title="Year of the source being referenced; use 'date' instead, if month and day are also known" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  2009    ISBN <span data-key="isbn" title="International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  975-6480-18-1    Location of publication <span data-key="location" title="Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Istanbul    Authors list <span data-key="authors" title="List of authors as a free form list. Use of this parameter is discouraged, "lastn" to "firstn" are preferable. Warning: do not use if last or any of its aliases are used." class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"> Nicolae Jorga      <div class="cx-template-editor-title" title="This template formats a citation to a book using the provided bibliographic information (such as author and title) as well as various formatting options.">Cite book   Title <span data-key="title" title="The title of the book; displays in italics" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Encyclopaedia of the Ottoman Empire    Last name <span data-key="last" title="The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Gábor Ágoston    Last name 2 <span data-key="last2" title="The surname of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink2'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Bruce Masters    Year of publication <span data-key="year" title="Year of the source being referenced; use 'date' instead, if month and day are also known" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  2009    ISBN <span data-key="isbn" title="International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  978-0-8160-6259-1    Page(s) cited <span data-key="pages" title="A range of pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source); displays after 'pp.'; use either page= or pages=, but not both" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  650    Authors list <span data-key="authors" title="List of authors as a free form list. Use of this parameter is discouraged, "lastn" to "firstn" are preferable. Warning: do not use if last or any of its aliases are used." class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"> Gábor Ágoston     <div class="cx-template-editor-title" title="This template formats a citation to a book using the provided bibliographic information (such as author and title) as well as various formatting options.">Cite book   Title <span data-key="title" title="The title of the book; displays in italics" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Encyclopaedia of the Ottoman Empire    Last name <span data-key="last" title="The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Gábor Ágoston    Last name 2 <span data-key="last2" title="The surname of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink2'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Bruce Masters    Year of publication <span data-key="year" title="Year of the source being referenced; use 'date' instead, if month and day are also known" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  2009    ISBN <span data-key="isbn" title="International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  978-0-8160-6259-1    Page(s) cited <span data-key="pages" title="A range of pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source); displays after 'pp.'; use either page= or pages=, but not both" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  650    Authors list <span data-key="authors" title="List of authors as a free form list. Use of this parameter is discouraged, "lastn" to "firstn" are preferable. Warning: do not use if last or any of its aliases are used." class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"> Gábor Ágoston      <div class="cx-template-editor-title" title="This template formats a citation to a book using the provided bibliographic information (such as author and title) as well as various formatting options.">Cite book   Title <span data-key="title" title="The title of the book; displays in italics" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  The Ottoman Centuries    Last name <span data-key="last" title="The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Lord Kinross    Publisher <span data-key="publisher" title="Name of the publisher; displays after title" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Altın Kitaplar    Others <span data-key="others" title="Used to record other contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith'" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  trans by Meral Gaspıralı    Year of publication <span data-key="year" title="Year of the source being referenced; use 'date' instead, if month and day are also known" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  2008    ISBN <span data-key="isbn" title="International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  978-975-21-0955-1    Location of publication <span data-key="location" title="Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Istanbul    Authors list <span data-key="authors" title="List of authors as a free form list. Use of this parameter is discouraged, "lastn" to "firstn" are preferable. Warning: do not use if last or any of its aliases are used." class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"> Lord Kinross     <div class="cx-template-editor-title" title="This template formats a citation to a book using the provided bibliographic information (such as author and title) as well as various formatting options.">Cite book   Title <span data-key="title" title="The title of the book; displays in italics" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  The Ottoman Centuries    Last name <span data-key="last" title="The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Lord Kinross    Publisher <span data-key="publisher" title="Name of the publisher; displays after title" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Altın Kitaplar    Others <span data-key="others" title="Used to record other contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith'" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  trans by Meral Gaspıralı    Year of publication <span data-key="year" title="Year of the source being referenced; use 'date' instead, if month and day are also known" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  2008    ISBN <span data-key="isbn" title="International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  978-975-21-0955-1    Location of publication <span data-key="location" title="Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Istanbul    Authors list <span data-key="authors" title="List of authors as a free form list. Use of this parameter is discouraged, "lastn" to "firstn" are preferable. Warning: do not use if last or any of its aliases are used." class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"> Lord Kinross      <div class="cx-template-editor-title" title="This template formats a citation to a book using the provided bibliographic information (such as author and title) as well as various formatting options.">Cite book   Title <span data-key="title" title="The title of the book; displays in italics" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Türkiye Tarihi (History of Turkey)    Last name <span data-key="last" title="The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Yaşar Yücel-Ali Sevim    Publisher <span data-key="publisher" title="Name of the publisher; displays after title" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  AKDTYK Yaynları    Others <span data-key="others" title="Used to record other contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith'" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Vol II    Year of publication <span data-key="year" title="Year of the source being referenced; use 'date' instead, if month and day are also known" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  1990    ISBN <span data-key="isbn" title="International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  975-160-25-99    Location of publication <span data-key="location" title="Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Istanbul    Authors list <span data-key="authors" title="List of authors as a free form list. Use of this parameter is discouraged, "lastn" to "firstn" are preferable. Warning: do not use if last or any of its aliases are used." class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"> Yaşar Yücel-Ali Sevim     <div class="cx-template-editor-title" title="This template formats a citation to a book using the provided bibliographic information (such as author and title) as well as various formatting options.">Cite book   Title <span data-key="title" title="The title of the book; displays in italics" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Türkiye Tarihi (History of Turkey)    Last name <span data-key="last" title="The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Yaşar Yücel-Ali Sevim    Publisher <span data-key="publisher" title="Name of the publisher; displays after title" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  AKDTYK Yaynları    Others <span data-key="others" title="Used to record other contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith'" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Vol II    Year of publication <span data-key="year" title="Year of the source being referenced; use 'date' instead, if month and day are also known" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  1990    ISBN <span data-key="isbn" title="International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  975-160-25-99    Location of publication <span data-key="location" title="Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Istanbul    Authors list <span data-key="authors" title="List of authors as a free form list. Use of this parameter is discouraged, "lastn" to "firstn" are preferable. Warning: do not use if last or any of its aliases are used." class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"> Yaşar Yücel-Ali Sevim      <div class="cx-template-editor-title" title="This template formats a citation to a book using the provided bibliographic information (such as author and title) as well as various formatting options.">Cite book   Title <span data-key="title" title="The title of the book; displays in italics" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey    Last name <span data-key="last" title="The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Stanford Shaw    Publisher <span data-key="publisher" title="Name of the publisher; displays after title" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Cambridge University Press    Others <span data-key="others" title="Used to record other contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith'" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Vol I    Year of publication <span data-key="year" title="Year of the source being referenced; use 'date' instead, if month and day are also known" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  1976    ISBN <span data-key="isbn" title="International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  0-521-21280-4    Authors list <span data-key="authors" title="List of authors as a free form list. Use of this parameter is discouraged, "lastn" to "firstn" are preferable. Warning: do not use if last or any of its aliases are used." class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"> Stanford Shaw     <div class="cx-template-editor-title" title="This template formats a citation to a book using the provided bibliographic information (such as author and title) as well as various formatting options.">Cite book   Title <span data-key="title" title="The title of the book; displays in italics" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey    Last name <span data-key="last" title="The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Stanford Shaw    Publisher <span data-key="publisher" title="Name of the publisher; displays after title" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Cambridge University Press    Others <span data-key="others" title="Used to record other contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith'" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  Vol I    Year of publication <span data-key="year" title="Year of the source being referenced; use 'date' instead, if month and day are also known" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  1976    ISBN <span data-key="isbn" title="International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc">  0-521-21280-4    Authors list <span data-key="authors" title="List of authors as a free form list. Use of this parameter is discouraged, "lastn" to "firstn" are preferable. Warning: do not use if last or any of its aliases are used." class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"> Stanford Shaw