cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Jayanth Reddy
Apart from being a coach and a contender, he also distinguished himself as an organiser by conducting a South Zone Championship in 1983. After staging numerous Taekwondo demonstrations across India and conducting several districts, state, zonal and National-level Championships, he started exploring this art in greater depth and that is what took him to the United States, where he underwent a six-month advanced training camp under the watchful eyes of two 9th Degree black belters Moo Yang Lee and Pong Ki Kim. He followed it up with an advanced course in speed training once again in the US. This enabled to earn the 4th to 6th Dan Black Belt titles from various world-renowned Martial Arts Associations. He also availed the unique opportunity of training with several Grand Masters and athletes of over 50 countries across the globe which helped him to stay updated by gaining several modern techniques.
Jayanth's main goal is to help Indians create world records in Martial arts. A total of 2,000 people have undergone training at his academy ever since its inception in 2010. He is now coming up with a first of its kind Martial Arts league in India. “Martial Arts has given a lot to me and now I want to give the sport back in any way possible to increase its popularity in the next 10 years. I wish to help another 10,000 Indians achieve world records. This will improve India's reputation in the world of Martial Arts, which is currently dominated by countries like China, Japan, Korea and Thailand,” he said.
Mauritus
Pakayraan a minengneng (參考來源)
23.Mana’ang i kapi tilid. [2019-08-07]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2019-08-07）.
Jayanth Reddy
= Professional Career = «  Achieved 29 Guinness World Records
Morocco
Pinengnengan tilid (參考文獻)
28. Hassan II and the Tree Metaphor: A Reflection of the Plural Moroccan Identity. dune magazine. [2022-11-07].
Mauritus
Pakayraan a minengneng (參考來源)
25. Mauritius's air quality 2nd best in world. 26 September 2011. Le Matinal. [19 February 2012]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2013-10-10）.
Jayanth Reddy
«  Achieved 12 US Presidential Sports awards (1993, 1998, 2005, 2010 and 2020) from President of the USA
Mauritus
Pakayraan a minengneng (參考來源)
26. According to the World Health Organization - Mauritius: a breath of fresh air. motors.mega.mu. [19 February 2012]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2012-02-
27. CIA - The World Factbook. cia.gov. [4 January 2012]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2018-12-24）.
28. Chiba, Eugene. English Usage in Mauritius. Computing in the Humanities and Social Sciences—Faculty of Arts & Sciences, University of Toronto. 2006
Jayanth Reddy
«  Achieved 12 world records from Limca, RHR, Asian etc. from 2012 to 2015
Mauritus
Pakayraan a minengneng (參考來源)
[2010-07-04]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2010-06-17）.
Jayanth Reddy
«  Awarded citation from World Taekwondo Federation, Korea
Mauritus
Pakayraan a minengneng (參考來源)
29. Article 49 of The Constitution. National Assembly of Mauritius. [2009-02-08]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2013-10-17）.
30.（AFP）–Oct 18, 2008. Mauritius defies anglophone past to embrace French language. Afp.google.com. 2008-10-18 [2010-07-04]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2008-10-24）.
Jayanth Reddy
«  Awarded with Hall of Fame USA in 1999
Mauritus
Pakayraan a minengneng (參考來源)
31. Facts and Figures. M2002.thecgf.com. 1968-03-12 [2010-07-04]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2011-05-11）.
Morocco
Pinengnengan tilid (參考文獻)
29. e.g. Khalid Amine and Marvin Carlson, The Theatres of Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia: Performance Traditions of the Maghreb (Dordrecht NL: Springer,
Collage
O Collage ko tatolsa a romadiway i Taywan. O romadiway i Collage ci Natsuko Lariyod aci Ông Ka-koân. O somowalay to Pangcah(Amis), Holo, Nihongo, ato Amerika ko Collage i raradiw....
"Collagist" han to haliCollage'ay a tamdaw.
O Histori (Kongko)
I 2018 a miheca, mitayal to "Seikai Sakacecay - O Mireformay a Contest" ko Band no 'Adingo(閃靈) ato The Bell.
Morocco
Pinengnengan tilid (參考文獻)
2011), 124–28. ISBN 0230358519
30. "La Francophonie dans le monde." (Archive) Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie. p. 16. Retrieved on 15 October 2012.
31. According to a survey made in 2005 by CIDOB, 21.6% of the population speak Spanish (realinstitutoelcano.org, afapredesa.org). According to the
Mauritus
Pakayraan a minengneng (參考來源)
32. Holm, J. Pidgins and Creoles. New York: Cambridge University Press. 1989: 476. ISBN 9780521359405 ., p.353.
Collage
O Histori (Kongko)
I 2019 a miheca, ira ko "Collage" a misatapang i StreetVoice ato i YouTube a miteli to raradiw no niyam.
Jayanth Reddy
«  International Champion in 1999-2000
Morocco
Pinengnengan tilid (參考文獻)
Morocco Census of 2004, the Morocco population is 29,680,069 (hcp.ma)
Mauritus
Pakayraan a minengneng (參考來源)
33. Coexistence International at Brandeis University (PDF). [2010-07-04]. （nano nina’angan tilid (PDF) i 2010-08-27）.
Jayanth Reddy
«  National and National games Champion in 1983, 84, 85, 86 and 1987
Collage
O Histori (Kongko)
I 2019 a miheca, 3 a folad, 27 a romi'ad, mitayal to "N1 Paty - O Raradiw no Tamdaw no Nanguaq" ko Nanguaq, Payleday Records... ato Collage.
O References
<references group="" responsive="">
O Links
Kasasiwasiw:Taywan Kasasiwasiw:Amis Kasasiwasiw:Pangcah Kasasiwasiw:Music Kasasiwasiw:Band Kasasiwasiw:Radiw Kasasiwasiw:Romadiw
Morocco
Pinengnengan tilid (參考文獻)
32. British Council–United Kingdom (PDF). britishcouncil.org. May 2012. （nano nina’angan (PDF) tilid i 2014-05-13）.
Lifok 'Oteng
Ka’emangan 幼年
1932 miheca, i Sa’aniwan niyaro’ ko kasofocan ni Lifok. I pikowan no Dipong misawad ko laloma’an to kacitodong to sikawasay lekakawa, mipalafoay to laloma’an o cacilafo ko loma’ han no sikawasay, itiya mapangangan to Lifok, tatodong o “nipodpodan” sanay, o pisakahemow to pilafo no tato’asan.
Ci Doing kina lima ciramod, saheto mapalimangta’ay ko kaciwawa, tatosa ko ma’oripay mato’as. Ka’emangan mitilid i pitilidan (Folalacay) misawad, nanoya tayra i Madawdaw i loma’ no Dipong masatofang, 1944 miheca 4 folad, nai lotok mikasoy minokay i pitofangan a malalisan, malifawa ko kawanan a cepi’, saka tosa romi’ad mapanokay i loma’, tahira i loma’, mangalef ko kaciadada a masafena’ ko olat no cepi’, o saka ’ifecang no wa’ay, o tokos masokedet ato mado^eng ko kawanan a tangila.
Morocco
Pinengnengan tilid (參考文獻)
33.itini adihay ko hahedoten no posi. Morocco tadamaanay coka ponka. Yahoo! sinpong. Fa^elohay tangal. 2020-2-8 [2022-11-01].
Lifok 'Oteng
Adada 生病
O saka tosa a kaka ningra, yo 21 ko mihecaan mapatay i Cungko Santong Cingsiangsen.
Morocco
Pinengnengan tilid (參考文獻)
34. المغرب يمنع بيع وتسويق "البرقع" الأفغاني. France 24. [2017] （Arab sowal）.
Lifok 'Oteng
Adada 生病
7 mihecaan ko tadanca ni Lifok, 1951 miheca 3 folad 5 romi’ad, no Dipong, no kowaping palamlam ko pitilid minanam to Loma a tilid, sa citilid to “40 miheca 3 folad 5 romi’ad, mato’em ma’oraday romi’ad. Maherek maranam, mafecol ko tiyad, mikonga ko ina, milingato kako a misanga’ to ica’ic a honi, tangasa i herek no lahok 4 ko toki…”, o nian ko sa’ayaway a tilid no ’orip.
Morocco
Pinengnengan tilid (參考文獻)
35. Inspiring a tourism revolution in Morocco. www.worldfinance.com. [2019-03-21] （Inkiris）.
Lifok 'Oteng
Adada 生病
Kaadadaan i, o fai ato faki macacorok to dadayadaya mihinom to rarom no ina, i kafoti’an ci Lifok o nian ko saka pakatengil mafana’ to no to’as a kimad ato radiw sahacecay han mitilid[4]. I kafoti’an, minanam to tilid pakayniay to sici, yiso, likisi, kiwiko, radiw ato masamaamaany a tilid, mihirateng dengan o fana’, kacipono’ ato sakafana’ pasowal ko saka’orip saan to.
Morocco
Pinengnengan tilid (參考文獻)
36. Bazza, Tarek. Over 12 Million Tourists Visited Morocco in 2018, Up 8% from 2017. Morocco World News. 2019-01-23 [2019-03-21] （Inkiris）.
Lifok 'Oteng
Piadahan to adada 養病
1953 miheca, manga’ay to ni Lifok ci cokor talapapotal[3]. Itiya nao nai Hilongcyang ko kahiceraan
Morocco
Pinengnengan tilid (參考文獻)
37. The Art of Moroccan Cuisine. 10 October 2007.
Lifok 'Oteng
Piadahan to adada 養病
no Paylenwayfang patenakay tayni i Posong mikihatiya to Yincumin patenakay[6].
Morocco
Pinengnengan tilid (參考文獻)
38. Tea in Morocco: 'It's in the blood'. 2014-10-21 [2019-06-09] （Inkiris）.
39. Cats in Morocco. bayt al fann. [2022-11-01].
40. Morocco – congko calay- kacacofelan a demak.
41. IISS 2012, pp. 340
Satili
Satili o Tadamaanay tamdaw ato cipo’otay（kuwaping a sowal：剎帝利；Fan a sowal；क्षत्रिय kṣatriya；Pafali a sowal：khattiyā） o tadamaanay tamdaw ilaloma’ no sofitay a tamdaw itini i kasasa’er-no’orip a faco no Indo. Mahaop ko honti a kasasiromaroma a malatapangay no sifo, cisakowanay to polong a ‘icel-sakowan ‘edeng no kawasan’icel ko awaay.
Jayanth Reddy
«  8th DAN Black Belt from World Taekwondo Masters Association
Morocco
Pinengnengan tilid (參考文獻)
42. The Sahara conflict: Origins and realities of a regional dispute Embassy of The Kingdom of Morocco in Japan. 2018
Lifok 'Oteng
Patenakay 傳教
1964 miheca, mikihatiya ci Lifok to mitilidan no Sen Nohan to nano Paylenwayfang patenakay pitilidan, itira cingra a minanam to sakisalalan ato pakayraan, saka sakiikoray ningra manga’ay ko pilosimet to rayray no ’Amis finacadan. Itiya mapatoror ni Tawasi (Yaw pinyi) o Holan tamdaw, malapatenakay no Tingsokaw, minanam to sifana’, misatapang midemak ato misoped to likisi no niyaro’, sowal, radiw, lekakawa no niyaro’ ato pinangan.
Itiya tayni ko romaay kitakit a simpo saki todong a kiwkay a pikihatiya tiliden, ci Lifok mafana’ a misasing, misasingan nira mata’elif ko 500 a milomo nihopedan[1]. Mapadang haca ci Ka’otoan (S Taynan) simpoan to palaLoma a tilid to Fangcalay Cudad no ’Amis a sowal. O roma, i ’ayaw i kaciadada ni Lifok i kafoti’an, masafaloco’ ko fana’ to sapihopedaw to pasadakan, tikami, sata, sapina’ang to payso, mipalayapay, kamok, ato sapikihatiya to masamaamaanay sapilifet, saheto o nihopedan ningra, tinako ira ko cecay 1958 mihecaan a pafilongan a kamok, laloma’ ira ko “ano hakowa ko piliyaw ni kaka minokay”, no ’Amis a radiw, no Italiya a ongkak, pahapinang to itiya:ay ho a picomod no punka, o kamok nia mifayolingay ci Lifok, kowaping ngangan “Huang koycaw”.
Finacadan kingkiw 民族所
1974 miheca, na mapatay ko ina ni Lifok ci Doing, sacecay sato cingra tayra i Taypi malingad[1]. Itira i mipata’isay kaysya matayal, nikawrira sakifana’aw, mararid cingra tayra i Sakakaay yinciwyin mikilim to kakotilid.
1982 miheca, itiya no Dipong a hakasi ci Ma yinwu a pipakayakay, ci Lifok mala o Sakakaay yinciwyin no finacadan mikingkiw a mipadangay, o dam ani Lio pinsiong, roma milihedak to saki no tamdawan nilosimat to nisolapan, nanoya pahapinang to nitilidan no tireng mihapiw. O malawamaay ci Ma yinwu aci Ma yintong, mikingkiw to no ’Amis finacadan. Niyaro’ no Sa’aniwan ira ci Ka’ongto (S Taynan) ko midamaay, o kero, radiw, ca’edong no ’Amis no Kalinko an Posong i pasawali a niyaro’ samarocokay kanga’ayan[8]. 1988 miheca, pakayni ci Lifokan mapadama, 1986 miheca i niyaro’ ni Sa’aniwan o pialaan to no ilisin no ’Amis i Sakakaay yinciwyin no finacadan mikingkiw nipasadakan, mapacomod 20 ko nihopedan[10].
Tongkowanco 東管處
1990 miheca, 7 miheca ci Lifok i Congyinyin, ikor tayra cingra i Pasawalian kitakit pisolapan to pala a citodongay, parocok to no ’Amis finacadan saki punka a pasadakan.
1995 -1998 miheca, mapatoro’ cingra to tongse no caytanghocing kitakit punka yiso kikingkay. Kai Tongkoancoan i, malaheci ko “No to’as punka no ’Amis finacadan”, “Radiw no kaemangay no ’Amis finacadan”, “Ka’eso’ay kakaenen no ’Amis”, “O fangcalay ilisin no ’Amis”, nitilidan. 1995 miheca, ci Lifok ato ci Panay Kosoy makomod cangra, o Soycin likoto ko pasadakay to 5 falod to radiw no Sa’aniwan niyaro’, o cecay i “o radiw no ina”, tosa ko “radiw no ilisin”, cecay ko “radiw sapimisa”, cecay ko “misadatok ci Lifok”, cecay i o Sonyi yincumin pi’arawan ko micokeray a pasadak. 1995 miheca 12 folad 26 romi’ad pihapiwan, sowal sa cingra “wata: ko halafin no mihecaan ko pisafaloco’ nanay onini a sakipunka a dafongan, o saka lacecay no Payrang ato yincumin, caay ko kalatakecan, o saka lacecay mira’oy a miki’araw. Todong nonini pakapi to “Fangcalay Sa’aniwan”, i laloma’ ira ko 70 a sasin to nihopedan ni Lifok, i 1960 mihecaan a ilisin, 1965 mihecaan pisacepo’ ato 1975 mihecaan paka’oraday, ato nicokaan pasowal ni Lifok, pahapinang to naitiya:ay a kafafalifalic no Sa’aniwan a niyaro’.
Kalitengan miheca 晚年
1998 miheca 7 folad, misawad ko tayal i Tongkowanco ni Lifok, caay ka ciramod, awa ko wawa, ya o nitahidangan ko tayal ningra, awaay ko sapadafoh to pisawadan[3]. I ’ayaw sapilaheciaw mitilid to rayray no ’Amis finacadan, o sapipanengnengaw to tokayay ato niyaro’ay a kapakapah, kalimelaaen to nipainian a sowal to nano nitayalan ningra to saki no ’Amis, mangalay kasafinacadan ira ko matiyaay to no ningra a matayalay, I kasafinacadan ira ko kasasipaini, masasiladaay, itiya awaay ko kakangodoan minengneng to rayray likisi no Yincuminco. Micaliw cingra to i co’eday loma’ i Posong to kadademakan “Koycaw punka kadademakan”, tona romi’adan misanga’ cingra to rayray no ina “Ina – o cidal ako: ni Doing a ’orip”.
2001 miheca 8 folad 4 romi’ad, mapakaolah to saka 2 lekad no Conghua tosiya yincumin wensi satadamaan wenyi a kompay ci Lifok[7]. Nikaliteng to ni Lifok sacecay sa cingra maro’ i Tonghay loma’ i Posong, misi’ayaw to riyar ko sasingaran no loma’, manengneng ko dadahalay riyar, o saka tango’or ma’ilol to Sa’aniwan niyaro’.
Mauritus
Pakayraan a minengneng (參考來源)
34. Circular Migration Agreement will enable Mauritians work in France. Gov.mu. [2010-07-04]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2010-11-14）.
Polomen
Polomen o Cikawasay（kuwaping a sowal：婆羅門；Fan a sowal：ब्राह्मण；Romaan tilid：brāhmaṇa；Ikiris a tilid：Brahmin）: o cikawasay a tamdaw itini i kasasa’er-no’orip a faco no Indo, o cisakowanay to ’icel no kawas, mi’edaw, misatekeday to ponka ato kiwiku, mipahapinangay to kamaomahan romi’ad, mikemed to ilisin no honti, o sakakaay ko tireng i siyakay no Indo.
Lifok 'Oteng
Kalitengan miheca 晚年
2014 miheca 6 folad 14 romi’ad, Koli Taytong daykako 103 lekad a misawaday, patamohongan ci Lifok to kacingangan no hakasi to nano painian no Taytong daykako, o Puyomaniyan a finacadan ci Son ta-coan hakelongen ko 100 mihecaan no ina ci Son koyhua mikihatiya, mapatamohong to hana no Puyomaniyan ci Lifok.
Mapatay 去世
I satelocan no 2018 miheca, ci adada to no ’alotidan kang micomod i isingan ci Lifok, milalad tayra i roma a adada, 2019 miheca 4 folad 7 romi’ad mapatay i Makay isngan i Posong[14]. Oya folad 13 romi’ad, itira i Posong pitademan toya i, o tapang no Posong ci Raw cinlin mipatahepo to fayfay no Posongan, o yinminhuy ko patodongay to saka tolo a yincuminco tadamaanay a kompay[15].
Tilidan 書籍
1. “Toloay tilid nidemakan a lekakawa no ’Amis i Sa’aniwan”.
Mauritus
Pakayraan a minengneng (參考來源)
36. Ministry of Education and Human Resource. EDUCATION STATISTICS - 2011 (PDF). Government of Mauritius. 2011 [17 February 2012]. （nano
Lifok 'Oteng
Tilidan 書籍
2. “Ina – o cidal ako: ni Doing a ’orip”.
Morocco
Pinengnengan tilid (參考文獻)
saka 645 felih  tilidan The Irredendist Appeal in Morocco and Mauritaniap "total liberation" was Allal al-Fassi, who refused to enter France even to meet with
Jayanth Reddy
= As an Author = A subset of books authored by Mr. Jayanth Reddy
Lood no Rosiya-Afohan
Lood no Rosiya-Afohan（kuwaping a sowal：蘇阿戰爭）
Jayanth Reddy
«  Secrets of Longevity Revealed
«  The Hidden Secrets of Martial Arts
«  Secrets of advanced Explosive Speed Kicking and Speed punching
Lifok 'Oteng
Tilidan 書籍
3. “Toloay tilid nidemakan a lekakawa no ’Amis i Sa’aniwan”, ci Hoang sienwuy ko miwikwikay.
Jayanth Reddy
«  Dynamic power of mind
Lood no Rosiya-Afohan
Tomireng to kona Afohan Kalotamdawan Tang mitatoy to sakowan no kitakit, nikawrira palili’en no Amilika to payso ko Islam Sofitay (Arapiya a sowal：مجاهد‎) mamifelih to aniniay a sifo, sapidipotaw to aniniay a sifo ko Rosiya i 1979 miheca 12 folad 24 romi’ad ocor han to ko sofitay a mitoker to nicokeran no Amirika a komi,na onini to ko sakala’aised no Rosiya ato Akirika, satapang sato ko lalood to mo’etep ko mihecan, ’aloman ko mahikedaay a kalotamdaw tona lalood, 1989 miheca sawad sato ko Rosiya a malalood nokay sanay to ko polong no sofitay.
Lifok 'Oteng
Tilidan 書籍
4. “Matalocay kako to 10 miheca”.
Morocco
Pinengnengan tilid (參考文獻)
his Monarch or long-standing nationalist colleagues."（Inkiris）
44. Douglas Ashford, Johns Hopkins University “kaetipay sici casi”（The Western Political Quarterly）1962-12 saka 1 lolod saka 5 fangko saka 646 felih（Inkiris）
45. Mauritania denuncia a Marruecos. ABC Sevilla. 1961-03-16 [2010-05-14]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2011-08-17）.（Spain sowal）
Jayanth Reddy
«  Secrets of Advanced Speed fighting
Lifok 'Oteng
Kasalekad a tilid 期刊
1. “Pasifana’ to kero no ’Amis finacadan”, Taywan ’arawan, 40:1 min 79.03 felih 79-90
Morocco
Pinengnengan tilid (參考文獻)
46. Greater Morocco calay mana’ang, mina’ang romi’ad i 2011-07-24.Itini i 32 00 N, 5 00 W, noAfilika ko Morocco.Polong no sekalay i 446,550 sq km “saka 58 ko rayray no ngangan. ”“O sekalay no sera i, 446,300 sq km, no nanom a sekalay i, 250 sq km ” Polong(全部) i 33,655,786 ko tamdaw.
Jayanth Reddy
«  Humans destroying the god
«  The Most Inspirational and Motivational quotes of success in Martial arts, Sports, Mind, Life and God
Lifok 'Oteng
Kasalekad a tilid 期刊
2. “Aniniay radiw no ’Amis finacadan”, Sanhay punka tosa foladan 21/22 min 89.03 felih 71-80
Morocco
Pinengnengan tilid (參考文獻)
Itini i 32 00 N, 5 00 W, noAfilika ko Morocco. Polong no sekalay i 446,550 sq km “saka 58 ko rayray no ngangan. ” “O sekalay no sera i, 446,300 sq km, no nanom a sekalay i, 250 sq km ” Polong(全部) i 33,655,786 ko tamdaw.
Jayanth Reddy
«  Martial yoga
«  9 minutes Fitness workout
Mauritus
Pakayraan a minengneng (參考來源)
nina’angan tilid (PDF) i 2012-10-21）.
37. Milo Vandemoortele and Kate Bird 2010. Progress in economic conditions in Mauritius: Success against the odds （felih mana’ang kapi, mana’ang i
calay）. London: Overseas Development Institute Vandemoortele, Milo (2010)MDG fundamentals: improving equity for development, Overseas
Development Institute. See briefing papers linked on this web page.
38. Positioning Mauritius in the world (PDF). MTPA: 46. [28 January 2012]. （nano nina’angan tilid (PDF) i 2012-3-2）.
39. Code of ethics of tourism for Mauritius (PDF). MTPA. [28 January 2012]. （nano nina’angan tilid (PDF) i 2012-1-21）.
40. Mauritius awards. World travel award. [24 February 2012]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2012-02-20）.
41.Mana’ang ko kapi. [2013-10-16]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2013-10-17）.
42. Mana’ang ko kapi. [2018-10-16]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2018-10-16）.
43. Mauritius online bus route enquiry. [2011-02-06]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2010-12-23）.
44. Digest of Road Transport & Road Accident Statistics 2009 (PDF). Digest of Road Transport & Road Accident Statistics 2009. Central Statistics Office. [2
September 2011]. （nano nina’angan tilid (PDF) i 2012-10-2）.
45. Mauritius hikoki calay. [2012-02-27]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2009-03-17）.
46. Blue Mauritius: The Hunt for the World’s Most Valuable Stamps. helenmorgan. [4 February 2012]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2012-1-18）.
Mauritus（模里西斯）thumb|Flag of Mauritius|alt=Flag of Mauritius thumb|Islands of the Republic of Mauritius (excluding Chagos Archipelago and Tromelin Island)
Itini i 20 17 S, 57 33 E, noAfilika ko Mauritus. Polong no sekalay i 2,040 sq km “saka 181 ko rayray no ngangan. ” “O sekalay no sera i, 2,030 sq km, no nanom a sekalay i, 10 sq km ” Polong i 1,348,242 ko tamdaw.
sera(土地) Masakilac ko sera o malo kakaomahen(農業) a sera 43.80%, Malo no kilakilangan(林業) a sera 17.30%, malo no roma to a sera 38.90%.
siyoto(首都) O [Port Louis(路易港) ko Siyoto.
katomirengan no kitakit a romi’ad(國家紀念日) Pihiratengan no kitakit a romi’ad i sakatolo 12 a romi’ad.
O Sawara’an no kitakit(國家) anini i ci Ameenah Gurib, patirengan(建立) a romi’ad i 2015 a miheca(年) saka 6 folad saka 5 a romi’ad.
Morocco
Pinengnengan tilid (參考文獻)
''sera(土地) Masakilac ko sera o malo kakaomahen(農業) a sera 67.50%, Malo no kilakilangan(林業) a sera 11.50%, malo no roma to a sera 21%.''
''siyoto(首都) O [Rabat(拉巴特) ko Siyoto.''
O Sawara’an no kitakit(國家) anini i ci Mohammed VI of Morocco(穆罕默德六世), patirengan(擔任) a romi’ad i 1999 a miheca(年) saka 6 folad(月) saka 23 a romi’ad.
Pi’arawan to lakaw
Kasasiwasiw:Pasawalian 'Amis
Jayanth Reddy
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= See Also =
= External Links =
Lifok 'Oteng
Pinangnangan 參考資料
1. Ciang congmin. “Nipodpodan”, masofocay i lawac niyaro’ no Sa’aniwan, paitilidan ko pihapelaw to pilafo no adada…. Lienhepow. 2001-09-09 (kowaping-Taywan).
2. Se Mayhuy. Lifok Mirayrayay to punka no ’Amis finacadan. Lienhopaw. 2000-06-21 (kowaping-Taywan).
3. Cuang Cecien. Ma’oripay no Sa’aniwan a rayray ci Lifok. Cungkosepow. 1998-08-02 (kowaping-Taywan).
4. Ciang congmin. Midotocay to kimad no ’Amis. Lifok o mikomoay to faloco’ no to’as radiw ato lisin ci
Lifok. Lienhopaw. 1988-06-10 (kowaping-Taywan)
5. Tien Cinsiong. Matalocay kako to 10 miheca ciadadaan miwacay to kafadesan ’orip no ’Amis mitiliday ci Lifok ’Oteng romi’adan tilid marina’ ciadada ka’emangan no Dipong kowaping Loma nitilidan to no ’Amis a ’orip kafafalifalic a rayray no Sa’aniwan niyaro’. Lienhopaw. 2000-06-08 (kowaping-Taywan).
6.Wangcokoy. Saikoray no Notimolan kalokanatal a finacadan a kafana’an-roma kitakit a Simpo. Lienhopaw. 1995-09-30-10-02 (kowaping-Taywan).
7. Se Mayhuy. Conghua tosiya yincumin wensi satadamaan mincen a kompay marariday mitilid ci Lifok
satadamaanay to ’orip no ’Amis finacadan. Lienhopaw. 2001-08-03 (kowaping-Taywan).
8. Hung Cenko. Ka’ongto (S Taynan) Simpo patireng ko kociwsiya i niyaro’. Cungkosepow. 2002-03-04
(kowaping-Taywan).
9. Song Tacoan. Tilid no Talowan lahengangay a padongipong. Lienhopaw. 2000-08-31 (kowaping-
10. ’Amis a finacadan Miliyaway a radiw i kailisinan. Lienhopaw. 1988-07-06 (kowaping-Taywan).
11. Lay Cianin. “misafa^elohan a matelangay radiw” o radiw no ’Amis finacadan i Sa’aniwan matilid. Lienhopaw. 1996-01-06 (kowaping-Taywan).
To’em
Mato’em
Lifok 'Oteng
Pinangnangan 參考資料
12. Pan Kang. Soycin pasadakay radiw no ’Amis finacadan i Sa’aniwan. Cungkosepow. 1995-12-27
13. Se Hongci. 103 lekad a pisawadan Patamohongan ci Lifok (Huan Koycaw) to kacingangan no hakasi
Yi cungkoang pakatawaay papelo. Lienhopaw. 2014-06-15 (kowaping-Taywan).
To’em
Manga’ay a halafin ko kato’em no romi’ad, maala ko pina a tatokian ano eca pina a romi’ad. O roma sato i, ma’orad i ikor no to’em. Ano saromi’ad sa a mato’em i, hinararom ko faloco’ no tamdaw.
Lifok 'Oteng
Pinangnangan 參考資料
14. Bunkiatr Katatrepan. Mi’oripay to punka ci Lifok (Huan Koycaw) mapatay to mihirateng to mato’asay
satadamaan no nifana’ay. Yinsesingpon. 2019-04-09 [2020-04-28] (kowaping-Taywan).
15. Huan Mintang. Patono to mi’oripay to punka ci Lifok (Huan Koycaw) mapatay yinminhuy patodong to saka tolo a yincuminco tadamaanay a kompay. (kowaping-Taywan).
16. Cen Silin. Miwacay to kafafalifalic no ’Amis a niyaro’ ci Lifok (Huan Koycaw) Matalocay kako to 10 miheca mapadang no wencifa mirina’. Cungkosepow. 2000-05-14 (kowaping-Taywan).
17. Yo Congkong. Mi’oripay to sowal no ’Amis finacadan ci Lifok (Huan Koycaw) mapatay mipatahepo to fayfay no Posong Mipodongos to wensikak no yincumin. Lienhopaw. 2019-04-14 (kowaping-Taywan).
’adiyoc
O 'adiyoc hanany i, o masataliyokay a fali, satakaraw sa, tefod saan a tomireng i tarawadaw. Ano tata'ak ko cidal a faedet ko romi'ad i, makowad no faedet ko fali a masa'adiyoc. Manengneng i tarawadaw ano ma'adiyoc ko tahefod. Ano ta'angay ko fali no 'adiyoc i, mapaefer ko maamaan a tahira i kafaed, o katalawan to. O kakahad no 'adiyoc i, o mimingay i, cecay a kong-ce(公尺), ta'angayay i, manga'ay tahira i moetep a kong-ce ko kakahad.
Fise
Fise o kalotamdaw（kuwaping a sowal：吠舍；Fan a tilid：वैश्य；Romaan tilid：Vaiśya）: o kalotamdaw a matayalay ilaloma’ no sofitay a tamdaw itini i kasasa’er-no’orip a faco no Indo.o sasafaay ko tireng itini Ylian-tamdaw. o maomahay ato paka’enay to ‘a’adopen, ira ko inanengay matayal mahoped ko payso ato dafong malacipaysoay paliwalay-tamdaw, ciseraay, ato mipapacaliway to payso.
Cowa kacipinang ko kaadada
Cowa kacipinang ko kaadada（kuwaping a sowal：無症狀感染者）Ano ciadada to tona lifong i sarakatay a tolo ko romi’ad i kakaay ko pidenga nona lifong, I’ayaw no kacipinangan ato cowa ka cipinang to adada a tamdaw madenga nona lifong, o kafana’an no mikinkiway i, mahaop ko 40%~45% a ciadadaay o cowa ka cipinang to adada a tamdaw.
Saint Lucia
Saint Lucia (Inkiris sowal: Saint Lucia) o i kawaliay no Caribbean riyar mingataay to Tasiyang a pala kitakit. Itiraay i ka’amis ato katimolay no France a Martinique pala ko Saint Vincen and the Grenadines kitakit, nao mimingay Antilles a palapalaan. O tadamaci o Caetri.
Nano pakayraan a sowal (詞源)
O Saint Lucia nai Lucia (ikor ni Yis 283-304 miheca) ko pipanganganan. Saint Lucia ato Ireland o dengan tosaay ko no fafahiyan ngangan ko pipangangan to salongoc sakowan to kitakit (no Ireland ci Celtic misofocay fafahiyan a kawas AI pangangan). Nikawrira, Saint Lucia o dengan cecay so’elinay fafahiyan o no likisi a tamdaw a ngangan. o’asan a sowal no France a pakataminaay i 12 filad 13 romai’ad (Saint Luci romi’ad) i palaan ma’alol, nanoya o nia ngangan ko pangangan tonia pala.
Likisi (歷史)
．1963 miheca, Inkiris tamdaw micingcing to nia pala.
．1651 miheca, France tamdaw micalap.
．1814 miheca, midotoc “1814 miheca Paris tatoneken” misaheci o nia pala mala no Inkiris a micingcingan a sera.
．1979 miheca 2 folad 22 romi’ad, mihapiw to sapisiiked, o tata'akay Inkiris a lekatep a kitakit.
Sici (政治)
Saint Lucia o nano tata'akay Inkiris a lekatep hongtian kitakit a misiikeday, midemakay to hontian rikec. Saint Lucia a kakeridan no kitakit o tapang no Saint Lucia, malecad to no Inkiris a sawara'an, no Saint Lucia a congto o todong no kitakit a taypiaw. Ci Compton na patireng cingra to polong misakoliay no sici a kasarekad mikerid to Saint Lucia a pasayra i misiiked. Saint Lucia kalomaocan malitosaay faco a selal a kitakit, o fafa'eday kalomaocan ato kararemay kalomaocan, o citodongay mirikecay to nia kitakit. Fafa'eday kalomaocan 11 ko tamdaw sakapot, kararemay kalomaocan o 17 ko tamdaw sakapot, 5 miheca ko liyad no halafin, milaheciay to nisingkiwan[4]. O kakeridan congli no Saint Lucia kitakit o tatapangan no sifo, o no kararemay kalomaocan ’alomanay a kasarekad a kakeridan[5], o kalomaocan ko misikiway.
Saint Lucia misotiri’ to England ato Quebec, o macacamolay to Inkiris, Amilika, France faco ato Europe France faco ko rikecan.
Kacacofelan a demak (外交)
Saint Lucia ato tariktikay i Caribbean riyar a Amilika, Inkiris, Canada ato France ta’akay kitakit ko kasasicofel lali’ayan. I matini awaay ko kararawrawan i kasakitakit ko Saint Lucia. O Saint Lucia o no Taywan (ROC) a kacacofelan a kitakit, i Taypi mapatireng ko kadademakan[6].
Saint Lucia o kapolongan lekapot, kawaliay Caribbean kitakit sakapot ato France sowal kitakit ato sa’etal kasakitakit a sakapot. O Saint Lucia tata'akay Inkiris a lekatep hongtian kitakit.
Saint Lucia i 1979 miheca 12 folad 9 romi’ad mala no Linhoko saka 152 a sakapot. Tangasa 2018 miheca 1 folad, i 2017 miheca 2 folad 22 romi’ad mipatireng ci Persia Richardson o no Saint Lucia i Linhoko a taypiaw.
O kasasiiked a sakowan (行政區劃)
Palong no pala mala 10 ko sa’etal (全島分10區).
Anse Raleigh sa’etal
Canaris sa’etal
Cadtri sa’etal
Choiseul sa’etal
Dennery sa’etalGroelette sa’etal
Labory sa’etal
Soufriere sa’etal
Vieux Fort sa’etal
Roma ira ko cecay 78.3 pinfang koli a lotoklan midipotan sa’etal.
Palapalaan (地理)
Saint Lucia a namalan lotok pala adihay ko roma a Caribbean riyar pala a lotokan, satakaraway a tono’an lotok o Gimie lotok (Mount Gimie), nai riyaran 950 kongce. O ci mineral nanom ato fa’edatay sera a kinaira. Fa’edetay romi’ad, o salawacan a nanom to mihecaan 1400mm, salaloma’an no hekal a takaraway sera 3500mm.
Kafafalic no romi’ad (氣候)
Fa’edetay kafafalic romi’ad, Cobain romi’ad masilsil a fa’edetay kala’oraday romi’ad, macangil no kawali ka’amisay fali, kakedalan nai 12 folad 1 romi’ad tangasa 5 filad 31 romi’ad, ka’oradan i 6 folad 1 romi’ad tangasa 11 folad 30 romi’ad (o sasowalen no itiniay to kafaliyosan romi’ad).
O romi’ad salongan kahemhem 30˚C (86.0˚F), dadaya salongan kahemhem 24˚C (75.2˚F). Nawhani milingataay to sasifo’ay sakonis, orasaka kasi’enawan kaciherangan tosaay ko hemhem. Mihecaan katefad no ’orad salongan nai salawacan no riyar 1,300mm (51.2 inch) tangasa lotokay a ’orad 3,810mm (150 inch).
Kicay (經濟)
O kacakat no kalali’aca (infalarion) oya to a maserarem, i 2006 miheca tangasa 2008 mihecaan salongan 5.5%. Saint Lucia a dafongan a payso o nano kawaliay Caribbean payso.
Tadamaanay tamdaw (名人)
Arthur Lewis, 1979 mihecaan Nobel prize kicay a cikompayay.
Derek Walcott, 1992 mihecaan Nobel prize no tilidan a cikompayay.
Pawa’ayan (腳註)
1. CIA Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). [2018-11-13]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2020-11-05）.
2. St. Lucia. World Economic Outlook Database. International Monetary Fund (IMF). April 2022 [2022-07-
3. Human Development Report 2019 (PDF). UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME. [2019-12-21]. （nano nina’angan tilid (PDF) i 2019-12-09）.
4. St. Lucia. cs.mfa.gov.cn. [2021-02-24]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2020-08-17）.
5. Saint Lucia - Office of the Prime Minister. Saint Lucia - Office of the Prime Minister. [2021-02-24]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2021-02-24）.
6. St. Lucia opens embassy in Taiwan; first in Asia - Focus Taiwan. focustaiwan.tw. [2021-02-24]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2020-11-08） （Taywan）.
Pinengnengan tilid. (參考文獻)
1.Taywan kacacofelan a demak- kitakit ato sa’etal- Saint Lucia.
2. WORLD lANGUAGE RESOURCES
3.Fa’elohay Holam calay, Saint Lucia a pakayraan（Papisingan mana’ang kapi, mana’ang i calay pina’angan）
4.No hekal a tilid, pakayraan.
5. Minengneng to Hekal, Saint Lucia.
6. "The Saint Lucia Constitution" (1978-December-20 effective 1979-February-22), Government of St. Lucia, 2008, stlucia.gov.lc, webpage: The Saint Lucia Constitution Order 1978.
"Members of the House of Assembly" (and Prime Minister), Government of St. Lucia, 2008, stlucia.gov.lc, webpage: stlucia.gov.lc/govfolks-members.
Manaco
縮圖|Hata no Monako
Manako Sawara’an-kitakit(摩納哥侯國; Fransu a sowal:Principauté de Monaco;Monako a swoal:Principatu de Múnegu)
O itiraay i Saka’etipan-Yoropa ano ca i Sakatimolan-Yoropa a Niyaro’an-kitakit. o kaitiraan i sakatimolan no Fransu, o ‘edengani i katimol no Sifo’ay-Riyar ko kasadakan, o saka’amisan, saka’etipan ato sakawalian sahetoay malikotay no Fransu, oninian o nipatirengan a katelangay niyaro’ ato ikor nipatirengan a niyaro’ ko Monako. O cecay no sakakodefetay a kitakit i hekal, o cipinangay a mamangay-faco a kitakit(微型國家; Ikiris a sowal:Microstate）; 超小國家:Ministate) ano ca o niyaro’an-kitakit hananay ko pipangan. O saka’orip a tayal oya itiraay i Montikaro-Pakiyawan(蒙地卡羅賭場;Monte Carlo Casino) ato mihamhamay-tayal ko sapili’etan no kitakit.
Timor
縮圖|Hata no Sawalian-Tiwen
Sawalian-Tiwen Finawlan-kitakit(東帝汶民主共和國;Toron a sowal:Repúblika Demokrátika Timor-Leste)
縮圖|kaitiraan Potawya a sowal:República Democrática de Timor-Leste;通稱東帝汶; Toton a sowal:Timor Lorosa'e; Potawya a sowal:Timor-Leste). O ititraay i Katimol-Sakawalian Etal isakawalian no Tiwen-kanatal a kitakit, o dengan a Micowatan-kowan no Potawya itiya ho (oroma a cecay o Awmen).1999 miheca saka 8 folad midemak to Kapolongan-Pitopa no finawlan to sapisiikedaw, 2002 miheca saka 5 folad saka 20 romi’ad lafii milekel to kalaheci no pisiiked, 2002 miheca saka 9 folad saka 27 romi’ad malaheci ko pikapot i Linheko, o saka 191 a cefang no Linheka.
Tatapangan no ngangan(詞源)
O pipangangan no Kawaliay-Tiwen sifo o “ Timor-Leste”, patokeled sa o malongangan no kitaktit tono Potawya a sowal. “ leste” sanay a sowal no Potawya, o “ sawalian” sanay ko imi nona tilid;ora sa “Timor” o nano sowal no Inni to “timur” o sawalian ko imi no nini a tilid,orasaka, nipatata’edipan ko sawalian sanay a tilid ko ngangan nona kitakit, ala hananay to ko “ Timor Timur” malongangan no pala, pangangan hato to “Tim-tim” Sawalian-Tiwen. Ora sato o “Lorosa’e” o sowal tono Toton to sawalian sanay, o kasadakan no cidal sanay ko imi.
Rikisi(歷史)
縮圖|Sofitay no Awco O Potawya ato Sawalian-Tiwen misatang malali’aca to dafong i satapangan no saka 16 sici, patokeleday a mipaheci a micowatay-pikowan, tahira to i sasifo’an no saka 20 sici. 1859 miheca mararawraw ato Holan ta ira ko katatilid to kakaketonan, kelit han no Potawya ko isaka’etipay nona kanatal(Sa’etipay-Tiwen) pafeli ko Holan. I sakatosa-Laloodan, i ikor no Tiwen-Lalood ma’eco no Dipon i 1942-1945 mihecaan ko Micongacongay to Potawya a Tiwen, nikawrira, yo malowid sato ko Dipon milolol heca ko Potawya a mikowan tona Tiwen.
Misawad to Micowatay-Pikowan a demak ko sifo no Potawya i 1974 miheca, sawaden ko i papotalay a Micowatan-kowan, orasaka tatootoor sa a misiiked ko nikowan no Potawya i papotal. Oni sa Sawalian-Tiwen itiraay i 1975 miheca saka 11 folad saka 28 romi’ad midiiked, oatireng to Sawalian-Tiwen Finawlan-kitakit, nikawrira, ikor to 9 romi’ad ma’eco no Inni, patirengen no Inni ko Sawalian-kowan(Timor Timur) i 1976 miheca saka 7 folad. sanoyanan sa to 20 mihecaan cilacila ira ko mikangyiay a rawraw, oniniay o parariday to 20 mihecaan ko pilongoc to sapisiikedaw a lalood, ira ko 10-20 ‘ofad ko mihadekan mipatayay tamdaw. 縮圖|Pilaliw ko Indonisiya, patireng to misiikeday kitakit 1999 miheca saka 8 folad saka 30 romi’ad, kantoken no Linheko ko Kapolongan-Pitopano finawlan, sahetoay mihayiay to sapisiikedaw nani pikowan no Inni. O sofitay no Inni ato mifelihay to pisiiked a tamdaw malakapot a midemak to ‘edef no kitakit to pipenec a paco’ay. Latek ira ko 1,400 ko tamdaw no Sawalian-Tiwen ko mapatayay, mapaci’eci ho pafolaw tayra i Sa’etipay-Tiwen. O dafong no kitakit to loma’, pananoman, nananomen, pitilidan ato dinki sahetoay to mapeleng to 100%. 1999 miheca saka 9 folad saka 20 romi’ad, o sofitay no Awco ko sarakatay do’edo sa ko roma a kitakit micomod a mihedefong, orasaka mapaterep kona mipadesay a pipenec.
Pacarcar han no “Pacarcaray mikowan to Sawalian-Tiwen no Linheko” (United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor) to tosa ira ko pangkiw mihecaan, ta laheci sato ko pisiiked i 2002 miheca saka 5 folad saka 20 romi’ad, o ngangan no kitakit o Sawalian-Tiwen Finawlan-kitakit, malamihayian no kasakitakit a misiikeday-kitakit.
Manaco
Manako Sawara’an-kitakit(摩納哥侯國; Fransu a sowal:Principauté de Monaco;Monako a swoal:Principatu de Múnegu)
I 1215 miheca malanicowatan-kowan haca no Riniya(熱那亞;Genova) ko Monako. Nani 1297 miheca, yo mitatawih ci Folangsowa-Kolimaerti to mihatananamay mamalasinpo no Fangciko-Hwi(方濟各會; Itali a sowal:Ordine francescano),ona mihatananamay mamalasinpo(修士; Ikiris a sowal:friar，ano ca fray) o “monaco” hananay no Italiya, ikor to nipi’eco ningra a mipa’ading toya tadacinganganay a Pisitalaan-Raka no Monako (摩納哥岩; Fransu a sowal:Rocher de Monaco) parariday a makowan no Kolimaerti-hontian laloma'an(格里馬爾迪家族;House of Grimaldi) laloma’an, odengan micidekay i, itira i 1793 miheca tahira i 1814 miheca ci Napoliyon(拿破崙·波拿巴;Fransu a sowal:Napoléon Bonaparte) no Fransu Sakacecay-Hontian kitakit ko mikowanay. 1815 miheca tahira 1860 miheca, Wiyiena-Kayki(維也納會議; Fransu a sowal:Le congrès de Vienne) toro’en ko Manoko o papa’adingen kitakit ( 保護國; Ikiris a sowal:Protectorate) no Satiniya Hontian-kitakit(薩丁尼亞王國;Italiya a sowal:Regno di Sardegna) ko Manoko, tahira to i 1861 miheca, i Kakaketonan-Tilid no Monako ato Frasu a malaheci matatoy no Monako. 縮圖|Sakatolo-Laniay I’ayaw no pipasadakan to Sakacecay-Kinpo, awaay to ko ikakaay no Sawara’an a mikowanay to monako. 1918 miheca saka 7 folad, matalitlid to cecay a kakaketonan-tilid, o mamipa’ading to Monako ko Fransu Sakatolo-Kapolongan kitakit. Ona kakaketonan-tilid matiliday i « Fanersay Sakarihaday-Kakaketonan » ,roma sato i, mido’edo ko sowal no Fransu a mifalic ko sieci,sofitay ato saka’orip. 1919 miheca matatilid to kakaketonan ko Fransu ato Monako, ano mapatay ko Tapang no Monako, awa ko wawa to mamirocok malahonti i, pateko han to ko Monako i Fransu.O Fransu ato Monako i 2002 miheca misiiked a matatilid to roma a Kakaketonan, ano awaawa ko mamirocok malahonti no Monako, o misiikeday a kitakit ko Monako. Pararid a paini to sapipa’ading ko Fransu. I Sakatosa Lalood-nohekal a miheahecaan, i 1940 miheca saka 6 folad malowid ko Fransu, orasaka o Italiya to ko mi’ecoay a maro’ i kakala’edan no Italiya ato Fransu, madado’edo ko sera no Monako ato Italiya. 1942 miheca saka 11 folad, macakat i Saka’amisan-Afrika ko Nisakapotay-Kitakit(同盟國 ;Ikiris a sowal :Allies of World War II；Rosiya a sowal :Антигитлеровская коалиция), maaro’ no safitay no Italiya ko Monako, 1943 miheca mikosang ko Italiya liyas sato to Monako. 1944 miheca malolol no Nisakapotay-Kitakit ko Monako.
Timor
Kaitiraan(地理)
O ititraay i Katimol-Sakawalian Etal isakawalian no Tiwen-kanatal a kitakit,I sakawaliay Mamangay-Sin kanatanatalan no Indonisiya-kanatanatalan, isakatimolan no sakawali o Awco(Awstoraiya). O sera mahaop ko sakawalian ato saka’etipay lilis no riyar no Tiwen-kanatal, o malikotay no Inni a Wokusi-etal ato ingataay a Atawro-kanatal. Isaka’etipan madado’edo ato nikowanan no Inni a Sa’etipay-Tiwen.
Manaco
Manako Sawara’an-kitakit(摩納哥侯國; Fransu a sowal:Principauté de Monaco;Monako a swoal:Principatu de Múnegu)
2005 miheca saka 3 folad saka 31 romi’ad. Malaca’an ca to pakatomireng ko tatireng ni Sakatolo Laniay,o wawa to ningra ko miceroray matayal( 攝政;Ikiris a sowal :Regent).
Timor
Kaitiraan(地理)
O kinaira no pala ira ko ’ekim, simal-kasolin, kaso ato ’adicaw.
Manaco
Manako Sawara’an-kitakit(摩納哥侯國; Fransu a sowal:Principauté de Monaco;Monako a swoal:Principatu de Múnegu)
2005 miheca saka 4 folad saka 6 romi’ad mapatay ko honti ci Laniay, malahonti to ko wawa ci Arpi Sakatosa. I 2995 niheca saka 7 folad saka 12 romi’ad laheci sato mamamikowanay no Monako, o pisikian to kalahonti itiraay i pisikian to patay no wama ci Laniay-sakatolo a kyokai. Kinatosay ko siki to kamaro’ malahonti, oroma i, itiraay i 2005 miheca saka 11 folad saka 9 romi’ad. 縮圖|Hekulo-minato
Timor
Kaitiraan(地理)
O liomah sa i,oya no to’asan ho a miilohan a mifaliw ko tokos a misamatang, orasak cilacila mailoh ko tokos maseli’ ko sera.
Sotolo
Sotolo o koli（kuwaping a sowal：首陀羅；Fan a sowal：शूद्र；Romaan tilid：Śūdra）: o sakasepat kasasa’er ko ’orip ilaloma’ no kasasa’er-no’orip a faco no Indo, o maomahay, ikakaay a misatofangay ato misamoraday konini.itiya ho o matayalay to ma’acekan tayal tora mipacokay to ‘a’adopen ato mipatayay to tamdaw a tayal ato mifalahay to tai’ ko tayal, orasaka, cowako tatefingen koninian tamadaw (不可接觸者; untouchables) hananay.
Timor
Saka’orip(經濟)
I kaleponan no 1999 mihecaan, mapeleng ko 70% no saka’orip a dafong no mifelihay to sapisiikedaw ato sofitay no Inni. 30 ’ofad ko mafolaway a tamdaw malapakoyoc. To ikor to tolo mihecaan, ira ko 5,000 mipahinakeray-sofitay ato 1,300 a tayhin mipadang a miliyaw patireng to dafong no tokay ato iyaro’. Tahira to i kaleponan no 200 mihecaan minokay patikor koya mafolaway ano ca itira i Inni a maro’.
Manaco
Kaitiraan (地理)
Itiraay i saka’amisan lilis no Sifo’an-Riyar ko Monako, o ma’icangay a sa’emer ko kakarayan, parariday cicidal to mihecaan, ono Sifo’an-R iyar a Kakarayan. O polong no kitakit mataliyokay no katimolan no sakawalian a Salawacan-Riyar Aerpis-kowan ( 濱海阿爾卑斯省;Fransu a sowal:Alpes-Maritimes) no Fransu, o pala i, nani sawalian pasi’etip ira ko 3,500 laya’, o sakihecoday a pala odengan 200 laya’. O kakahad no sera 208 kofo(2.08km, isafa ho no Sifo’ay-pisalamaan koyin no Niwyok), o sakatosa a mamangay kitakti i hekal, o sasafaay ko kakahad no sera a mikapotay i Linheko. Ilaloma’ no polong a sera, ira ko cecay no kalilima o niparoan i riyar to sera a pala, tona piparo to sera mapatireng ko Fonwiayie-minato( 豐維埃耶; Fransu a sowal:Fontvieille) Hekulo-minato( 赫庫勒港; Fransu a sowal:Port Hercule) o kahiceraan no sapipalafang a tamina. I’edef ko Monako awaay ko ’alo ato fanaw, i tongroh no riyar ira ko 164.4 laya’ ko ka’akawang, itiraay i masa’apilisay ko kaitiraan no Monako.
Timor
Saka’orip(經濟)
I 2005 miheca saka 6 folad mihayi ko Kalomaocan no kitakit to Nosimalan-pisopedan to payso, to sapina’ang to polong a ’etan no simal, sapipaini to ikor a tamdaw no Tiwen to sapipa’ading to sakakadofah no dafong no simal.tahira i 2010 miheca saka 10 folad, ona misopedan-payso ira to ko 6.6 ’ok payso no Amirika.ona kitakit awaay ko citanengay to nikipaysoay-demak, orasak o sarihadayay a pipatelian to payso o Kitakitan-Kiyam no Amirika, caka tahafikod toya karawraw no kasakitakit a pakipaysoay demak i 2007-2008 mihecaan, toyanan a mihecahecaan o Salongocan-Kiking ko sakakaay ko kaci’etan.
Manaco
Kakarayan(氣候)
縮圖|Montikaro Pakiyawan Ono Sifo’ay-Riyaran a kakarayan ko Monako, masiwar no Riyaran-Kakarayan ato Lafafaay-So’emetay a kakarayan, ikacifrangan ma’icang a diheko, ilasi’enawan ki’etec a kala’orad. iherek no lahok a romi’ad cowa ka pakaka ko fa’edet( cowa ka pita’elif to 30°C). Tada matatodongay ko kafa’edet no romi’ad. Roma sato i,takaraway ko fa’edet no riyar i kaciferangan, orasaka, sa’emeray ko dadaya. To hatiniay to i, o fa ‘edet i kaciferangan cowa ka isafa no 20°C. Cowa ko mama’araw ko so’eda i kasi’edawan, ano latek mo’etep miheca ira ko kinacecay ano ca kinatosa ira ko so’eda. 2018 miheca saka 2 folad saka 27 romi’ad,ciso’edaay i Monako ato Montikaro.
Kasasa'er no 'orip
Indo pitooran ato Fociyaw tosa a pitooran, nawhani, oninian tamtamdaw mikihamonay to Kasasa'er no 'orip（kuwaping a sowal：種姓制度；Ikiris a sowal:Caste; 卡斯特） no Indo, orasaka mirecep itini tona kasasa’er-no’orip, saikoray to i,layap sato tona faco no kasasa’er-no’orip, nikawrira, ona tosaay a pitooran sahetoay to macacamolay. 縮圖|sakawananay o Sotolo fainayan Kasasa'er no 'orip: itini i siyakay no Indo iraay ho ko makedecay kasasa’er no orip’ a faco. Do’edoen no Indo a tamdaw ko Fito-Cin（kuwaping a sowal：吠陀） i,kalisepaten a misiiked ko kasasa’er no ’orip no tamdaw:
Manaco
Saka’orip(經濟)
Cowa ka pilisata ko sifo to kalotamdaw. Nawhani, cowa ka ‘adihay ko tamdaw nona kitakit, o sifo sa i, mitekedan ko katayalan a payofingan, dingwa a tayal, tinako han o kafo no Monako-Dingwa o Tatong-Dingwa ci kafo to 49%, o sifo 45% ko kafo, oroma sato i, o Monoko-kinko( Compagnie Monégasque de Banque) cikafo to 6% ko sifo. Ikakakaay ko karihadayan no ‘orip no tamdaw no Monako, milalenay ato i ngataay a tokay no Fransu.
Cowa ka pilisata tono kalotamdaw, onini ko kasafeleng no sapisimedaw to sata a cipaysoay a tamdaw a tayni maforaw, o sakakaay nani Yoropa a kitakit, o mili’etanay i roma a kitakit cangra ; o cinganganay a tamdaw o F1 milidetay-pacikay to tosiya a parakatay, nikawrira, o ‘alomanay i, o cipaysoay a mali’acaay-tamdaw. I 1865 miheca patireng to Montikaro-Pipakiyawan, onini saka cemohad no Monako nani pakoyoc a kitakit.
Cowa ko mikapotay to Yoropa-Lekatep ko Monako, nikawrira, malakapot ato Fransu to sata-lekatep, oninian ko sakanga’ay no Monako mira’oy to Yoropa-Payso. Kodefetay ko kacacofelis no Monako ato Yoropa, maala no Momako ko salongoc to sapisanga’ to payci no Yoropa-Lekatep, oninian i, todongay manga’ay ko Monako paifaloco’ han a misafaco to sasanga’aen a payci.
O skakaay ko ka tekes a Tata’angay-loma’ itiniay i ’apilisan no Aler-tokos a Pahanhanan-loma’(La Villa), ono ’apilisan talacowa caay ka kakahad ko paloma’an odengan158 cofo, nikawrira, mikecoray to edef no Sakatimolan no Fransu a kihaw a pitaparan,ikakaka ko ka’akawang no nipatirengan loma’ ano pasasotili’en to romaay loma, sa pangangan han to o sakakaay ko fangacal i hekal a loma’ oya loma, mapa’ca i 2017 miheca to 2.56 ‘ok no Amirika-Payso, cecay a laya’ tahiraay to i 162 ‘ofad ko Amirika-Payso(falicen tono Taywan a payso ira ko latek 5 patek ko ’ofad). 縮圖|Monako Tinsikiw-Tatapangan-Etal
Kasasa'er no 'orip
1.Polomen o Cikawasay（kuwaping a sowal：婆羅門）
Manaco
Tamdaw ato sowal (人口與語言)
O sakakaay ko kadadi’ec ko kamaro’an no tamdaw itini i hekal ko Monako, o maro’ay to romi’ami’ad ira ko 32,020 ko tamdaw, ilaloma’ nonini o Monako 6,089 ko tamdaw. Masafa’ay ko Monako tamdaw i niyahan to a kitakit, awaay a ma’araw itini i kasakitakit ko matiniay a demak. O sakakaay a maro’ay tamdaw o Fransu-tamdaw, mahaop ko 32%, do’edo sa to Italiya 20% ko tamdaw, o itinitiniay aca a maro’ay a Monako-tamdaw dengan 19%, o ‘osaw to 29% o nani 125 kirakit a maforaway a tayni, malakasakitakitan a tamdaw konini.
Timor
Saka’orip(經濟)
O kasafaco no saka’orip no Sawalian-Tiwen(2001miheca) o mihamhamay-tayal 57%, liomah 25%, misanga’ay to dafong 17%, ira ho kinaira no simal ato kaso, onini a taya i,mapenec no Awco. 2001 miheca o nipacomodan a dafong a li’aca ira ko 2’ok 3,700 ’ofad ko Amirika payso. O sakakaay nipacomodan a dafong o kikay. O sakakaay nipasadakan paliwal a dafong ira ko kafi, komo, kilang, simal,kaso.
Kasasa'er no 'orip
2.Satili o Tadamaanay tamdaw ato cipo’otay（kuwaping a sowal：剎帝利）
3.Fise o kalotamdaw（kuwaping a sowal：吠舍）
4.Sotolo o koli（kuwaping a sowal：首陀羅）