cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Mexico
Sacian (政治)
Nai 1997 miheca misatapang, mido’edo to miliyangay a kasarekad itiya pakalowid to singkiw, kalomaocan mangilay ko ’icel mangalef a mangalef. Ira i sakikicay ato sakipayso a sofal, mihayda ko congtong mihapiw to sapidemak a mipatireng to rikec, nika kantoken no kalomaocan. O congtong nai finawlan a nisingkiwan, 6 miheca ko lekad, caay kanga’ay pado’edo. Caay patireng to micokeray a congtong ko Mexico, tona mapaterep ko kalacongtong ano eca caay kanga’ay midemak to sakitayal i, o kalomaocan ko misingkiway to linsi a congtong.
O kalomaocan midemak to tosaay a lomaoc, halo Fafa'eday pikaykian (Cámara de Senadores) ato Kararemay pikaykian (Cámara de Diputados). O Fafa'eday pikaykian 6 miheca ko lekad, Kararemay pikaykian 3 miheca ko lekad. Fafa'eday pikaykian 128 ko lomaocay ira ko caayay kasa’etal ato sa’etalay a lomaocay sakapot. O Kararemay pikaykian ira ko 500 lomaocay, o 300 a lomaocay o nai kasa’etal nisingkiwan, roma a 200 lomaocay nai 5 ta’akay sa’etal patodongan ko taypiaw. O nia 200 lomaocay sapadang to mimingay a kasarekad micomod i kalomaocan.
O satadamaanay a kasarekad o kitakit malowaday onto, mifelihay rikec kasarekad ato kitakit dademakay kasarekad.
Safitay (軍事)
O sofitay no Mexico o caayay ko misarocoday ko sapisimaw to sakihitay, i 20 sician, o ka’amis a kitakit no Amilika a ’icel tata’ang ko sasiroma, orasaka caay ko sapilifet to Amilika ko pihirateng to sapipatireng to sofitay, o sapipatihi to pitena’ to cisawarakay ato mitakaway malali’aca ko kalalood.
O kasasiiked a sakowan (行政區劃)
Polong no kitakit malaliyad 32 ko kanatal.
Palapalaan (地理)
O Mexico kaetip misi’ayaw to Taypinyang, o kawali miingir to Mexico ’apocok ato Caribbean riyar, pasiTasiyang, itira i na’amisan a konis 14 - 33˚ ato kaetip sakonis 86 - 119˚. Mililisay ato lawac no riyar a dafdaf, sasifo’an o takaraway lotok a dafdafan, halo adihayay namal lotok. O kaetip kakaya’ay i Baja California a kanatal, pao Taypinyang ato California a sangoso’an malacidek, kawali katimolan o panahalay tangasa i Yucatán sangoso’an. O satakaraway no Mexico o Pico de Orizaba lotok, ira ko 5700m ko takaraw nai riyar, o Sierra Madre lotok o tadalotok no Mexico. O Mexico sahetoay o no Amilika safaniyot a ’apelad padeyac, o Baja California sangoso’ itiraay i Taypinyang ato Cocos a ’apelad padeyac, itini i palaan, ira ko nai palaan mikingkiway a sowal o Istmo de Tehuantepec satano’ kawalian (ira macalap ko 12% dadahal) o no sifo’an Amilika safaniyot[32]; dengan o sakisicianan, Mexico ato Amilika ato Canada o malecaday no ka’amisay Amilika safaniyot[33].
O masasiromaay ko romi’ad no Mexico, ka’amisay o fa’edetay tafotafokay a romi’ad, katimol o fa’edetay kala’oraday romi’ad. O tada ’alo no Mexico ira o Rio Grande ’alo, Balthus’alo, Río Yaqui’alo.
I Mexico adihay ko cactus (sasaycar), palafalo (hana) no fayfay no kitakit.
Kicay (經濟)
O Mexico ira ko aniniay mihecaan a misanga’ay to dafong ato maomahay, ono tekedan a kicay miraraay a matongal, I 90 a mihecaan no Mexico a mararan lalan pala o finawlan ko citodongay. O nano kitakit a tayal nai 1982 mihecaan o cecayay cicing a laloma’an tangasa 1999 miheca caay to pakatahira i tosa a so’ot laloma’an. Micokeroh ko sifo to paitekedan a kicay, mipatoror i minatoay, mararay lalan, tingwa calay, tingki, parapatan a lahod ato hikokiciw a padamaay o kalalifetan.
O ta’akay sacoker no kicay ko maomahay no Mexico a tamdaw. Lemon, kangdaway damdam, ’ariray, avocado, kidafes, naniwac, tefos ko ta’akay pinaloma. Mangalef o avocado mapa’aca tayra i Amilika.
I 1994 miheca ka’amisay Amilika a masaheci ko pipatireng to paifaloco'ay kali'aca a sa’etal i, o Mexico ato kalo hekal sata’akay kicay a kitakit Amilika kalali’aca ato mipacefongay ranikay ko kasacofel, tadamaan picekeroh to Mexico to kacowat no kicay ato kacakat no kinaira no finawlan. Nawhani mingataay to Amilika ko mili’acaay a icifa, o adihayay no papotalay a kalomaamaan, saikoray itini i Mexico mitafo, tinako o tosiya. Nikawrira o maamaan no tosiya, o nai Asiaay misanga’an ko pipacomod.
Sakalalifet ko pipasadak mapadang ko Mexico mita’elif to 1995 mihecaan katalawan a kicay, itiya i 1996 miheca tangasa 1999 mihecaan misitapang a macowat ko kicay. No tekedan a kali’aca mala’icel a sakacomahad ko kicay, matongal to ko kalingadan, macakat ko saka’orip. Nanoya o Mexico oya to ko pilifet ko kacango’otan no kicay, tinako caay kalalen ko kinaira no tamdaw, polong no kitakit o kadofahay cidafongay 20% ko tamdaw cikinaira to 55% no polong no kitakit a kinaira, ato pakinali ko cisawarakay ato 122 tamdawan a makoracay a sa’osian.
I 1994 miheca 1 folad 1 romi’ad, o Mexico masongila ko pikapot to ka’amisay Amilika masaheci ko pipatireng to paifaloco'ay kali'aca sa’etal, oya miheca 12 folad Mexico nai mikowanay a kasarekad laloma’an cikacalemceman, rarawraw to ko sici, nanoya mangiyangi ko faloco’ no papotalay malali’acaay, dado’edo sato miliyas ko pidefong, malasakaserer no payso, macelal ko katalawan no payso. I 1996 miheca Cedillo a sifo i Amilika ato kasakitakit no paysoan citodongay mala o palefoday a micoker, mi’imeray ko pidemak to dafongan, misongila’ to dademaken no payso, misarocod mipatodong to misolek to kicay ato misalalan to maraayay dademakaen no sakacowat no kicay a halaka, manga’ay aca ko palefoday misalof to kararimaan no kicay no Mexico. O paysoan a icifa pado’edo a manga’ay, o sakisarar a lisok masereray to, macekal ko kalali’aca no icifa, kapolongan a dafongan masapinang malalen ko pasadak to rafas, papotalay a pipacefong matongal to, kasakitakit a iraay masadakay masapinang ko kafalic, o tadah i papotalay makacalay ko patiko, papotalay a nisopedan masapingan ko katongal.
Tamdaw (人口)
Midotoc to fa’elohay nisa’osian no Mexico kitakit tamdawan wiyyinhuy, tangasa i 2013 mihecaan o Mexico polong no tamdaw tangasa i 118,395,054 ko tamdaw, tonian i o fafahiyan ira ko 51%, solongan 60,584,099 tamdaw, o fainayan salongan 57,810,955 tamdaw. Midotoc to polong no kitakit finawlan wiyyinhuy a fa’elohay pisa’osian, polong ira ko tamdaw 1 walwalan 1840 ’ofad tamdaw, o saka 11 polong no cikiw. O sa’alomanay tamdaw no Spain sowal a kitakit[34], o saka 2 ta’akay tamdaw no Latin Amilika safaniyotan kitakit, aikor no Brazil. Polong no kitakit salongan 60% a tamdaw o Indian Europe camel a tamdaw, ira ko 30% o Indian tamdaw a teloc, 9% o Europe a teloc.
Indian tamdaw dadahal to ko pilayap to no etipay (Europe) ponka, o nai Oaxaca kanatal a Indian yincumina niyaro’, ’alomanay a sakapot mihatasiay ko kalalifet to wa’ay mali o enemay lalifet pakalowiday a pakalayap to 2013 miheca 10 folad itira i Argentina a midemak to kasakitakit mimingay cadada a mali a kompay[35].
Pakayraan (宗教)
Midotoc to 2010 mihecaan a pipangangan to tamdaw a masaheci, o Loma Tingsokiw ko todong pakayraan, calap 82.7%, oya 9.7% o roma a Kritokiw a kiwha, halo fokoyin (5.2%), Pentecost (1.6%), roma a fa’elohay kiwha (0.7%), Ihofa pawacayay tamdaw (1.4%), Kristo miliyaway ma’orip Sabbath (Pahanhanan) (0.6%), Yis Krito ikoray tarokos kiwkay (0.3%). Caayay ka tangasa 0.2% o nano romaroma a caayay ko Kristokiw a pakayraan; 4.7% miwacay to awaayay ko pakayraan;2.7% caay ko kafana’an.
O Mexico o saka 2 ta’akay Tingsokiw a kitakit i hekal, ira ko salongan 9000 ’ofad ko tamdaw Tingsokiw a mitooray, ikor no Brazil kitakit. Laloma’an 47% mikihatiya to lipay no kiwkay a misa. No mihecaan 12 folad 12 romi’ad, Mexico a Tapang a tadamaanay tamdaw—Guadalupe a ina—a romi’ad o Mexico kitakit satadamaanay a pakayraan romi’ad.
Onto (體育)
Masowal ko Mexico wa’ayan mali a satadamanay i Amilika safaniyot ko kalalifet, polongen ko nisa’icelan ka’ayaw no 15 i hekal. I ka’amis Amilika o maanan to a matayalay ontoan a nipatatekoan o saka 3 ko ngangan, aikor no kitakit katop mali nipatatekoan ato Amilika matayalay yakiw nipatatekoan.
Nai 2017 miheca 1 folad o Sportingintelligence (kacitaneng no onto) mihapiw to cecay a misaopoan tilid i hekal, matilid i caayay kalecad a kalalifet ato no Clup a nisa’osian. I 2015/2016 a kalalifet sa’alomanay micomoday tamdaw i kalalifetan a polongan i, o satadamanay kalalifetan no nipatatekoan i polong no cikiw mikihatiyaan miki’araw a tamdaw o saka 4 i nipatatekoan, kasacecay no kalalifet ira ko 26,151 ko tamdaw a micomod miki’araw, o dengan i Europe wa’ayan mali nipatatekoan sa’alomanay ko tamdaw.
Tadamaan ko kalalifet no tosiya i Mexico, ci Rodriguez malikaka a kalalifetan midemak i Formula one (cecayay mata’elifay sa’osien) a kalalifet kompay no Mexico.
Kakaenen (飲食)
．Milolodan ’epang no Mexico— satadamaanay kakaenen no Mexico.
．Kihepicay ’epang no Mexico— I saka’amis no Mexico saheto o komaenay to ^mi tamdaw, nawhani o roma a niyaro’ o ’ariray ko nikama’enay.
．No ’ariray ’apelad no Mexico – o ’ariray datengan simal, odax, cilah ato nanom nisanga’an mimingay ’apelad no Mexico.
Pinengnengan tilid. (參考文獻)
1.Catálogo de las lenguas indígenas nacionales: Variantes lingüísticas de México con sus autodenominaciones y referencias geoestadísticas. Inali.gob.mx. [2014-07-18]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2014-07-08）.
2.Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, title 2, article 40 (PDF). MX Q: SCJN. [2010-08-14]. （nano nina’angan (PDF) tilid i 2011-05-11）.
3. Rafaela Castro. Chicano Folklore: A Guide to the Folktales, Traditions, Rituals and Religious Practices of Mexican Americans. Oxford University Press. 2000: 83 [2016-03-22]. ISBN 978-0-19-514639-4. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2021-03-03）.
4. Principales resultados de la Encuesta Intercensal 2015 Estados Unidos Mexicanos (PDF). INEGI: 1, 77. [2015-12-09]. （nano nina’angan (PDF) tilid i 2015-12-10）.
5. Mexico. World Economic Outlook Database. International Monetary Fund (IMF). October 2022 [2022-11-05] （Inkiris a sowal）.
6. Gini Index. World Bank. [2015-12-14]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2014-05-11）.
Misacepo’
Misacepo’ （海祭）
Mexico
Pinengnengan tilid. (參考文獻)
7. Human Development Report 2019 (PDF). UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME. [2019-12-21]. （nano nina’angan (PDF) tilid i 2020-04-16）.
Misacepo’
“Misacepo’ ”hananay no Pangcah, no Saetip a Pangcah miladis han, no Pasawali i misacepo’ han, no Falangaw i mikesi’ han.
Mexico
Pinengnengan tilid. (參考文獻)
8. INALI. General Law of Linguistic Rights of the Indigenous Peoples (PDF). 2003-03-13 [2010-11-07]. （nano nina’angan (PDF) tilid i 2011-07-22）.
Misacepo’
O sowal to “ misacepo’” sanay itiniay i Fakong no Kalingko niyaro’ no Makotaay sowal sa tonian, “ Nano ratoh a sowal, na itiraay i Nang-yan ko Pangcah, icowaay a pala awaay to ko mafanaay, nawhani na mico’a’ang to misangaay a kawas, matefoc no kawas sa palenlen han nira a mihadefek. Deng to ya tatosaay malekakaay madipot no riyar a kawas sa mapawpaw tahira toni kanatal no Taywan, saka manga’ay to nangra itini parayray to teloc. Oni na mapawpaway milakecay a tato’asan no Pangcah, o piaray no faloco’ to pidipot no riyar a kawas, saka maraod to koya paherekan talahekal a romi’ad, misalisin to toya kawas no riyar ”.
Mexico
Pinengnengan tilid. (參考文獻)
9. Merriam-Webster's Geographical Dictionary, 3rd ed., Springfield, Massachusetts, USA, Merriam-Webster; p. 733.
Misacepo’
O roma i,.mingataay to riyar ko niyaro’ no Makotaay, mikiriyaray ko ’orip no niyaro’ a .tamdaw. O lalowadan to pisacepo’ a demak, o pinanay ato palemed to pacefongay a mifoting ko makadofah ko pifoting a tamdaw no niyaro’, ta fangcal to ko pinokay a paherek, onini i o patalahekal to ’icel no mikilotokay mikiriyaray a ma’orip a pinangan no serangawan koni, roma i o papinang to kalacecay no karikec ato kalacecay a ma’orip. I’ayaw no pacefong, polong a kapah no niyaro’ masa’opo i taloan, o mato’asay no finacadan, o citanengay a tamdaw pakafana’ to saiasalil a mifoting, ato pakafana’ to ano tata’ak ko tapelik no riyal samanen a mifoting sanay a tanmeng. Mikapotay to pisacepo’ saheto o kasaselal a tamdaw, marapot ko mato’asay, sasifo’an ato kapah, tati’ih mingata ko fafahiyan ato mikapot, i’ayaw no pisacepo’an a dadaya pacefong to a mifoting, malo sapato’aya to kawas no riyar, pakilacen ko finawlan mapolong a komaen.
Mexico
Pinengnengan tilid. (參考文獻)
11. Mexico (05/09). US Department of State. 2012-06-25 [2013-07-17]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2011-08-15）.
13. Country and Lending Groups. World Bank. [2011-03-05]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2011-03-18）.
15.Paweł Bożyk. Newly Industrialized Countries. Globalization and the Transformation of Foreign Economic Policy. Ashgate Publishing. 2006: 164. ISBN 0-7546-4638-6.
16. Mauro F. Guillén. Multinationals, Ideology, and Organized Labor. The Limits of Convergence. Princeton University Press. 2003: 126 (table 5.1). ISBN 0-691-11633-4.
17. David Waugh. Manufacturing industries (chapter 19), World development (chapter 22). Geography, An Integrated Approach 3rd. Nelson Thornes. 2000: 563, 576–579, 633, and 640. ISBN 0-17-444706-X.
18.N. Gregory Mankiw. Principles of Economics 4th. Mason, Ohio: Thomson/South-Western. 2007. ISBN 0-324-22472-9.
19. Mexico 2050: The World's Fifth Largest Economy. :. 2010-03-17 [2013-07-12]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2013-07-25）.
21. James Scott; Matthias vom Hau; David Hulme. Beyond the BICs: Strategies of influence. The University of Manchester. [2012-04-11]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2017-05-25）.
22. How to compare regional powers: analytical concepts and research topics (PDF). British International Studies Association. [2012-04-11]. （nano nina’angan (PDF) tilid i 2012-11-30）.
23. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan (PDF). [2012-05-07]. （nano nina’angan (PDF) tilid i 2018-11-13）.
24. Oxford Analytica. Wayback.archive.org. [2013-07-17]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2007-04-24）.
25. G8: Despite Differences, Mexico Comfortable as Emerging Power. ipsnews.net. 2007-06-05 [2010-05-30]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2008-08-16）.
26. UNESCO World Heritage Centre — World Heritage List. UNESCO. [2012-05-25]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2012-02-02）.
27. Mexico's World Heritage Sites Photographic Exhibition at UN Headquarters. whc.unesco.org. [2010-05-30]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2017-01-05）.
28. RapidxHTML. Mexico Once Again Ranked Among the World's Ten Most Visited Countries. [2016-03-22]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2021-03-01）.
29. 10 Most Visited Countries in the World 2015. Wild Junket. [2016-03-22]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2016-11-22）.
30. Mana’ang ko kapi tilid. [2006-07-03]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2006-07-05）.
31. Mana’ang ko kapi tilid. [2006-09-07]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2014-07-14）.
32. Papotalay sinpon: Mexico fa’elohay congtong misa’ayaw to sakisawarak ato karawrawan no kicay a demak, pinengnengan to ratoh calay. 2012-07-02 [2013-01-10]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2021-02-20）.
33.Nord-Amèrica, in Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana Portuguese Web Archive a nina’angan, pina’angan romi’ad 2016-05-15
34.Parsons, Alan; Schaffer, Jonathan. Geopolitics of oil and natural gas. Economic Perspectives. U.S. Department of State. May 2004.
35. Spanish Language History. Today Translations. [2007-10-01]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2005-04-17）.
36. Shoeless Trique Indian Kids From Mexico Win International Basketball Tournament In Argentina. Huffington Post. 2013-10-16 [2014-06-03]. （nano nina’angan tilid i 2015-01-04）.
Mexico（墨西哥）
thumb|Location of Mexico
Itini i 23 00 N, 102 00 W, noNo’amisan Amilika ko Mexico. Polong no sekalay i 1,964,375 sq km “saka 14 ko rayray no ngangan. ” “O sekalay no sera i, 1,943,945 sq km, no nanom a sekalay i, 20,430 sq km ” Polong i 123,166,749 ko tamdaw.
sera(土地) Masakilac ko sera o malo kakaomahen(農業) a sera 54.90%, Malo no kilakilangan(林業) a sera 33.30%, malo no roma to a sera 11.80%.
siyoto(首都) O Mexico City(墨西哥城) ko Siyoto.
katomirengan no kitakit a romi’ad(國家紀念日) Pihiratengan no kitakit a romi’ad i sakasiwa 16 a romi’ad.
O Sawara’an no kitakit(國家) anini i ci Enrique Peña Nieto(恩里克·潘尼亞·尼托), patirengan(擔任) a romi’ad i 2012 a miheca(年) saka 12 folad(月) saka 1 a romi’ad.
Pi’arawan to lakaw
Kasasiwasiw:Pasawalian 'Amis Kasasiwasiw:Mexico Kasasiwasiw:Sa’amisay Amilika Kasasiwasiw:Kitakit
Paraguay
Takaray sowal
Ono Sipanya sowal: República del Paraguay,ono Kuwarani sowal: Tetã Paraguái, o kalosowal o Parakuay hananay a pangangan kona kitakit.itiraay i sifo’ no Katimolay Amirika, ilawac no Parakuay ’alo sa ira ko minato,i ka’amis malaingiday to Miru,i ka’etip i,o Polipiya a kitakit, katimol i malafiyaway to Alucincin, mataliyokay nona kitakit, o i kemoday a kitakita. O sici nona kitakit i Nikapolongan Faco, o tatapangan a niyaro’ i Asunsyon(Ciudad de Asunción, Sipanya sowal: Nuestra Señora de la Asunción）Ona ngangan tonini nani Asunción de María, o kacakatan ni Mariya tayra i kakarayan sanay ko imi nona sowal.
I ka’ayaw ni Kolonpos(哥倫布前)
thumb|O mihahinamay tamdaw ci Sebastian Cabot - S. Rawle after Hans Holbein, 1824 O itiniay a maro’ay a tamdaw i,o Kuwarani hananay a finacadan, o ’orip ona fincadan matiyaay o away ho ko maamaan sapidemak a dafong, o kamay sanay ko sapiala to saka’orip. Tayhira sato i 16sici(i ’ayaw no 500 so’ot miheca ) ta ira ko Yoropa a mikalicay to tamina ci Sipasciyan Kapoto(Ikiris sowal: Sebastian Cabot, Italiya sowal: Sebastiano Caboto, 1474miheca – 1557miheca）, do’edo han ningra ko La Polata ’alo a pahicera itini ton apala.
Micowat a Mikowan ko Sipanya(西班牙殖民時期)
Itini tona pala i ira ko ’adopay a Ciyaluya finacadan, o Kuwarani a tamdaw i mafana’ay to a mipaloma to losay, iray to ko omah nangra, ikakayay ko punka nangra saka ikaka ko ’orip no Kuwarani tamdaw. Orasaka malalekatep ato Sipanya a mitoker to romaroma a Intian tamdaw. O Sipanya a tamdaw mahemek a malalekatep ato Kuwarani a tamdaw, sa manga’ay ko kalawidang nona tosa a masasiromaay a finacadan,
Sa aloman sato ko malaramoday to roma afinacadan, oya cilamlamay to roma a ’ilang a wawa o Mistiso(Sipanya sowal: Mestizo,Polutokaru sowal: Mestiço) hananay a pangangan.
1617miheca,malacinowas ko pikowan no Sipanya to Asunsyon niyaro ato Poinos Ailis niyaro’ ,paiteked sato ko sakowan. I aikor tono 17sici sa aloman sato ko patenakay tono Kristo a pitooran a Yiso Hui(耶穌會, Latin sowal: Societas Iesu), mipasifana’ to sakacakat no ’orip to saliomah. thumb|O naikoran a kyokay no Yiso Hui Ona Yiso Hui nani Sanpawlo niyaro’ no Poraciruay a tayni, itiya i ira ko mipapaliwalay to koli a tamdaw ci Pantirancis（Porokaru sowal: Bandeirantes）,pafelien no Yiso Hui ko Kuwarani to kowang a malacafay a milood tona paliwalay to koli a tamdaw. Ona sofitay tonini i, cilacila pakalowid to sofitay no Porutokaru, milaoc i lawac no sakowan no Sipanya. Toikor to i, malosofitay no Patikan Kyowo(羅馬教皇)，orasaka, halo honti no Sipanya ca to ka pakasowal tona sofitay, patahtah sato ko demak no Yiso Hui, matiya sato o paiteked sanay a kitakit, o Intian a tamdaw caay to ka samsam no roma a kohecaly a tamdaw, 100miheca ko kakapah no ’orip. thumb|O tahapinangan no Yiso Hui 1750miheca oya itiray i niyaro’ no Kuwarani a Yiso Hui malalood ato Sipanya ato Portokaru, malowid ko Yiso Hui tona lalood, sawad han to no Kurani ko Ra Porata a pala orasaka molowan to pito ko Yiso Hui.
To ikor to tona lalood malaplap ko Yiso Hui nani Satimolan Amirika, oya sato Kuwarani a tamdaw o Sipanya ato Portokaru ko mikowanay.
Nisiided ato Tokeled Pikowan(獨立與專制統治)
1810miheca sak5fola saka25romi’ad,mifelih to mikowanay i Pinos Ailis ci Polutiniyo, oya sakatosa a tapang no mikowanay ci La Polata siiked sato kami nani Sipanya sa a milekal, nikawrira, ya cisofitayay ititraay i Parakuay ci Pan・Olintalu（Sipanya sowal: Banda Oriental）,ci Aluto・Piru（Alto Perú）ato ci Korupa(Córdoba) ca ka pihai to pifelih ni Polutiniyo.
1814miheca, malasakaay mikowanay ci Hosi・Kasuparu・Rotrikis・ti・Franciya・
・Pirasko（José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia y Velasco、1766 miheca,saka1folad
saka6romi’ad – 1840 miheca saksiwa folad saka20romi’ad）,1816 miheca, tahira i
kapatayan ko kala Mikowanay.
Tahira i kapatayan ko kalamikowanay sanay i,saka ira no moamahay a finawlan a
micoker sa malaheci, o polong a sera no kitakit i ono mikowanay, , away kono niyah
a sera, sa malalen ci sera ko kalotamdaw. Halafin tato ko kalatapang i ataraw ci
Franciya to mamifelih a teloc no Sipanya tamdaw, sa itira ko piroharoh ningra to
Kuwarani tamdaw ato masafinawlanay to a teloc no ciramramay to remes no
Kuwarani tamdaw, ano ira ko maliyangay to pikowan i laplapen ni Franciya, ira ko
nipatayan a maliyangay tamdaw. thumb|Karulos・Antoniyo・Lopis(Carlos Antonio López) Tona mihecahecaan i adihay ko lalood itini i Satimolay Amirika, odeng o Parakuay ko caay ka ci rawraw,misa’icel a papitilid ko sifo,sa ira ko sowal no mipalafangay: itini i Parakuay awaay ko mitakoway, awaay ko macahiway sanay.Pakayni to pisawidang to
romaroma a kitakit fangcal ito ko demak. Yo mapatay to ci Franciya i 1940 miheca, marawraw to ko kitakit,tahira to i 1844 Miheca malacongtong ko mifakiay ci Franciya ci Karulos・Antoniyo・Lopis・Insifran（Carlos Antonio López Ynsfrán、1790 mihwca,11folad,4romi’ad – 1862 miheca, folad,10romi’ad）,sa malaliyaw a lahoday ko ‘orip no tamtamdaw. O pikowan ni Lopis i,falicen ningra ko pikowan to sera, itiya ho 98%a sera ono sifo
kapolongan sera, caay ko cisera ko kalotamdaw, tado han ni Lopis kona pikowan a faco no sera paloma to Mati ociya ato tamako, tadatata’ang ko ’etan,o ’edeng o Parakuay ko caay kacikiyam i Satimolan Amirika,ona payso i
sapisanga’en ni Lopis to marad ato tata’angay kowang,papitiliden ningra ko kapah
tayra i Yoropa, 1861 miheca malaheci ko lalan no cinamalay tahira i tatapangay
niyaro’ Ansunsyon. Mitahidang ho to citanengay a tamdaw no Ikiris ato roma a
kitakit, mapacakat to ko taneng no Parakuway a tamdaw.
O hatiniay a lahodayay a ’orip, ma’inap ko Arucincin ato Poracir lengat sa amirawraw
to demak no Parakuay, o Parakuay to damaen ningra ko rawraw no Urakuay kitakit,
onini ko saka lood no Arucincin ato Poracir ato Parakuay. Ona lalood pangangan han
Parakuay Laood anoca Toloay kitakit a Lalood.
Malalood to Toloay a Malalekatepay Kitakit(三國同盟戰爭)
1862 miheca mapatay koya sa’ayaway congtong, o sakakaay a wawa ningra ci
Fransisko Solano Lapis Karilo (Francisco Solano López Carrillo、
Malacongtong.1864 miheca, malanangen to pilalalang no Ppuracir ato Arucincin ko
Urakuay, misa’eli to picoker no Parakuay, o Parakuay sa i malecad a ma’esamen to
larawraw no Puracir ato Arucincin, sa tangsol sa amihai to pinanay no Urakuay. O
congtong sato no Parkuay ci Lapis Karilo kerid to ningra ko sofitay a micoar a
mi’odot ko Puracir ato Arucincin, satapang sato ko tada palafadfadesay a lalood i
Satimolan Amirika, oya sato Puracir ato Arucincin ato Urakuay a tolo kitakit
malalekatep a mipaco’ay to Parakuay, o sofitay no Parakuay i tahira i katekopan a thumb|Malalood to Toloay a Malalekatepay Kitakit(Tuyuti2) misa’icel a milood, sacisowal sa ko tarokos no Amirika mihemek to kaci’icel no faloco’ ato tada olah to kitakit no sofitay no Parakuay.
ma’edeng 14㎢ a pala no kitakit to sapatefoc i Puracir ato Arucincin, o roma a sera mapatangic a mapa’aca i Arucincin a tamdaw, tona lalood ’aloman ko
mapatayay,i ’ayaw no lalood i 52 ofad ko tamdaw no Parakuay, malaheci to ko lalood i 21 ofad to ko osaw a tamdaw, o faihayan tosa no kalitolo ko mapatayay.
Nakalaloodan caay ko tamdaw aca ko malowanay, o sera to, o sata to, o katayalan to malahedaw, toya ikor to 50 miheca lacaan sato ko kicay, tahanini ira ho naikoran a kunis no lalood.
Lalood i Ciyaco(Chaco 戰爭)
Malaheci to koya Toloay a Malalekatepay Kitakit a lalood, o kakeridan no sofitay to
ko mikowanay tona kitakit,sa’ayaway a tata’angay a tayal i,o sapitongalaw to tamdaw,
sa itira ko pinanay to kafolaw a tayni no Suis,Toic ato Italiya a maomahay tamdaw,
nikawrira, naikoran ho no lalood sa caay ka hakowa kotayniay a mafolaw. Caay ka
tangsol sa a lahoday ko ‘orip no tamtamdaw, sa adihay mayakiyak ko lihaf, itini i Ciyako(Chaco)hananay a palapalan adihayay ko simal sako lihaf mayakayak.1932 miheca oya fiyaw a kitakit Polifiya takaw sa a milood to Parakuay i Ciyako, (o Ciyako lalood hananay konini)o sofita no Parakuay caay ka hakowa ko tamdaw, o na’osawan a kowang ko sapilood, malowid nangra ko ’alomanay a sofitay no Polifiya. 1938 miheca masasowal to sakalali’ay itira i Puinoalis, maala a patatikor koya micowatan no Sipanyaan ho miheca Kurata Ciyako pala. Tona lalood i Ciyako 4ofad ko mapatayay a tamdaw, tongal sato ko kalacaan no ’orip no kalotmadaw. Oya tadamaanay a sofitay toya Ciyako lalood ci Frair Franko malacontong, macaloh tato ko tayal to sapiliyawaw misongila’ patireng to kitakit, caka pakatoor ko kalotamdaw, teked hanto ningra koya niyah a kapot a mikowan to kitaki ,sa mafelih no finawlan malaplap i 1937miheca.
Sofiatayan Nisateked Pikowan(軍事獨裁統治)
Mido’edoay malakakeridan no Parakuay i ci Hikiniyon Moriniko (Higinio Morínigo
Martínez (1897miheca, 1folad,11romi’ad, -1983miheca, 1folad, 27romi’ad)[1]. O
pikowan ningra to kitakit i, safatad han ca ko kala no finawlan a kitakit sanay, o
hatiniay a tayal i,macangal ko finawlan sa matatoker ko Sakatosa Folad Tang ato
Koroto Tang, marawraw to ko tamtamdaw, ono laloma’ a lalood no Parakuay hann a
romaroma a kitakit. Ikor to nona lalood i,ci Fitiriko Ciyapas (Federico Chaves
Careaga (February 15, 1882[1] – April 24, 1978) ko malakakeridan no kitakit,
nikawrira, caka pakafilo amisopsop to karawraw no kitakit, malalalowadan no rawraw
konini,o sofitay to ko mifelihay palasawad.
1954 miheca ira ko picoker no sofitay no Puracir, tireng sa malatapang no kitakit ci
Alfreto・Sutoroisnir・Matinawda（Alfredo Stroessner Matiauda、1912 miheca,11
Folad,3romi’ad – 2006miheca,8folad, 16romi’ad）, o kalacongtong ningra i, 35
miheca ko kahalafing. O kalacongtong ningra i o Puracir ko cokeray sa o tayal ningra
i,’aning sanay to Puracir wawaay kono niyah nisafaloco’an a tayal. O nano sofitay ko
tiring ningra sa misatekeday ko pikowan ningra, ano ira ko sapifelihaw a maliyang
i penecen, o cowa ka aloman ko tamdaw a finacadan ato Yincomin(Intihinna)
matayen, sa itira to ko pitefoc no Amirika ato roma a kitakit. Hato caacaay ko
mangoyangoy ko kamaro’ ni Sutoroisnir, safana’ sa a tomireng a mifelih ci Antoris
mirawraw i kasaniyaroaro’. Caka pakafilo amitoker taha ikor ta malaplap tara i
Puracir. O hatiniay ko kakaya’ ko kacongtong ‘odeng konini ko ma’araway i
O sinkiw ko sakalacongtong(普選)
Mafelih ni Rotrikis ko ka’ayaway a congtong i,malapacalcalay a congtong falicen
Ningra ko demak ni Rotrikis mala no finawlan a kitakit ko Parakuay, o sinkiw ko
sakalacongtong, orasaka, i 1993miheca saka5 folad misinkiw maala ci Fan
KarosWasimosi（Juan Carlos Wasmosy）malasa’ayaway a o sinkiw ko kalacontong.
Oviedo）palasawad han no congtong ko kala kakeridan no sofitay a paliten, nawhani,
mipapacoliay a mirawraw to tayal no sifo. Nikawrira,1998 miheca o kapot ni Lino
Opiyito ci Lauru Kupas（Raul Cubas）maala malacongtong tangsol han ningta a
mihepol ko kapalit ni Lino Opiyito.
Na masadak ci Lino Opiyito nani kapalitan, salatiktik sa a dademak i cani’iw
amicawcaw to tayal no sifo. 1999 miheca saka3 folad saka23 romi’ad, mangaw ko
sadamacongton ci Luis Mariya Arkaniya（Luis Maria Argaña）,matalaw to ci Lino
Opiyito aci Kupas to kapalitan, soikor han to nangra kono niyah kitakit a milaliw tara
roma a kitakit, tona folad ci Luis Koncalis Maki ko malacongtongay(Luis Gonzalez
Macchi）, i 2000 miheca sakalima folad ira ko sapifelihaw no sofitay nika caay ka
Laheci,2003 miheca saka4folad,ci Nikaruno Toaruti Frutos ko
malacongtongay(Nicanor Duarte Frutos).
I 2008 miheca saka4folad ira kono congtong a sinkiw, o caay ko i sifoay a
tang(tangwai han no kaping sowal) malacecay a misanga’ to「sapilahodayaw a
maolah to kitakit」sanay a tang (The Patriotic Alliance for Change (Spanish: Alianza
Patriótica por el Cambio, APC), milifet to roma a tatoloay masadakay tomireng to
sinkiw no congtong. Malemed ko kakeridan nona APC tang ci Firnanto Arminto Luko
Mintis (Fernando Armindo Lugo Méndez）,sa itini to a mapalasawd ko pikowan
Conbodia
Takaray sowal(概要)
Kanpociya Hontian Kitakit(kuwaping a sowal: 柬埔寨王國) Kanpociya sowal:高棉語：ព្រះរាជាណាចក្រកម្ពុជា，Roma a tilid：Preăh Réachéanachâk Kâmpŭchéa; Kuwaping sowal: 柬埔寨王國), itiraay i 縮圖|Flag of Cambodia a Pecihan-Kanatal中南半島,Katimol-Sakawalian Aciya a Korapaw東南亞大陸地區 ko kaitiraan nona kitakit, o syoto tatapangan a tokay o Cinpin(Kanpociya sowal:ក្រុងភ្នំពេញ，Roma a tilid:krong Phnum Pɨñ; Kuwaoing sowal:金邊). O kapot no Linheko ato Katimol-Sakawalian Aciya kitakit a Katatelekan. Isaka’etip no Kanpociya i,malalocokay ato Tayko, isaka’amis no sakawali Malala’eday ato Laoko, isakawali ato sakatimol no sawalian malafiyaw ato Yienan, ikatimol o SinloKihaw(暹羅灣). Hato masadangahay ko pala no Kanpociya,tolo no pasitiraan o tapolo ato tokos, isifo’ o dadahalay a cihenekay dafdaf, ona sera tonini makinatolo no sepat no polong sera no kitakit. Ira ko tata’akay ‘alo Mikong-‘alo(湄公河), ira ho tata’angay a fanaw o Tonglisa-fanaw(Kanpociya sowal:បឹងទន្លេសាប，Roma a tilid:Tonlé Sap; Kuwaping sowal: 洞里薩湖).
Paraguay
O sinkiw ko sakalacongtong(普選)
Nikawrira, 2012 miheca saka6 folad, mafelih no Lipoin(no kitakit a kayki)ci Firnanto
Arminto Luko Mintis mapalasawad ko kalacongtong ningra, oya sadama a congtong thumb|Olasyo Karutis(Horacio Cartes con banda) ci Fitiliko Franko cakat sa pacalcal a malacongtong, 2013 miheca saka4 folad a
Conbodia
Nangan no kitakit(國名)
O tadangangan no Kanpociya o Kanpociya Hontian Kitakit(Kanpociya sowal:ព្រះរាជាណាចក្រកម្ពុជា，Roma a tilid:Preăh Réachéanachâk Kâmpŭchéa; Kuwaping sowal:柬埔寨王國）. O 「ព្រះ」hananay i, fangcalay sanay「神聖的」,o 「រាជាណាចក្រ」hananay i,o honti sanay「王國」, o「កម្ពុជា」hananay i,o Kanpociya sanay「柬埔寨」. Ona ngangan tonini i,nani「कम्बोजदेश」（Kambujadeśa）(Ikiris sowal:Sanskrit; Kuwaping sowal:梵語),o maan ko imi nona sowal han i, o 「sera ni Cinfusa 」[1] sanay. Ona ngangan no Kanpociya itini i rikisi no kuwaping itiraay ho i Tonghan(東漢 25-220 mihecaan)iraay to a matilid,nikawrira adihay ko masasiromaromaay a pangangan, tahira to i Min Wanli a mihecahecaan(明朝萬曆) nga’ sacecay sanay to a pangangan to Kanpociya(柬埔寨) . Itini I nitilidan no Sa’etipay-Kitakit i,o misahinahinamay tamdaw ci 縮圖|Location Cambodia ASEAN (Italiya sowal:Antonio Pigafetta; Kuwaping sowal:安東尼奧·皮加費塔) o 「Camogia」[2] hananay ningra a pangangan.
Palapalaan(地理)
O dadahal no sera ira ko 181,035 km², o polong no kitakit i,misilsilan maka24 ko etal ato cecay a no Hontian a Tokay, ika’amis malafiyaw ato Tayko, Lyawko, ikatimol i,madado’edo’ ko pala ato Yienan, isakatimol no sa’etipan misi’ayaway to Sinlowan(暹羅灣). O kakaya’ no lislis no riyar ira ko 443 km,ilaloma’ nona kitakit ira ko cecay a fanaw o Tonlisa fanaw(Kaping a sowal: 洞里薩湖; Roma a tilid: Tonlé Sap), o pifotingan, pialaan to nanom itini, o saka’orip tamtamdaw.Mahaop ko 20% no polong a sera o liomahan. 24 ko kasaetal sakowan, sepatay aca ko misi’ayaway to riyar a sakowan, tolo ko niyahay pikowan a sakowan, 172 ko mamangay a etal. O tahapinangan a pala i, o isifo’ay nona kitakit a Tonlisa fanaw(Kaping a sowal: 洞里薩湖), Pasa ’alo ato nani ka’amis taratimol a mihifalat tona kitakit a Mikong ’alo,isifo’ay no kitakit a dafdaf i,mahaop ko 3/4 no polong a sera no kitakit. O Tonlisa Fanaw ato Mikong ’alo nani tongroh no riyar 100 m ko ka’akawang.sa’akawang sa nani tongroh no riyar i,masakefohkefohay ko pala,o itiraay i sakatimol no sa’etipay a Toko lotok mitifacay to 1500 m ko ka’akawang, nani ka’amisay no sa’etipan taratimol sa no sa’etipan ko do’edo’edo. O itiraay I kawali a Awlar Lotok（Phnom Aural）o sa’akawangay no Kanpociya kitakita, tahiraay to 1771 m ko ka’akawang.
Paraguay
O sinkiw ko sakalacongtong(普選)
sinkiw i ci Olasyo Karutis ko maalaay malacongtong, ona tamdaw i Kororato Tang,
ona Kororato Tang i,o harateng nangra milalangay to kacisalongac no kalotamdaw,
Conbodia
Siici(政治)
Itiyaay i 1993 mihecan a kinpo tatapangan rikec no kitakit, misetek to faco no kitakit o Hontian Kitakit, masasiiked ko Misanga’ay to rikec, Matayal to Demak ato Misawkitay,toloay ko kasasiiked no sakowan ’icel. O honti i,tahira i patay ko kalasawara’an,kakomodan no sofitay, o tahapinangan no kalacecay no kitakit ato kaira no kitakit a tahadahoc, ira heca ko ’icel mitedal to tata’angay raraw no malofoay tamdaw. Ano cakapakatayal ato ano miholol i romaay kitakit ko honti, o tapang no Fafa’eday Pikaykian no Kitakit ko mamiceror to tayal no honti.Ano mapatay ko honti, o tapang no sifo, kakeridan no tosaay rekad no mipaypayay a Fociyaw, o tapang no Fafa’eday Pikaykian ato Finawlan Pikaykian polong han 9 ko tamdaw misanga’ to iingkay, masasowal a misimsim to mamalahonti nani laloma’an no honti, patireng to fa’elohay a honti.
Kicai(經濟)
O cecay no polong a cowaho kacomahad ko ’orip a kotakit ko Kanpociya,ira ko 4 a hecek no pili’etanan nona kitakit, oriraan i,o pihololan no lafang, mitelekay to riko’, misaloma ato liomah. Oninian haw i,cowa ka citolas ko fodfod tona kitakit, orasaka, macara ko sapicomahadaw to kicai no kitakit, kalomihecaan a kacomahad no kicai tahiraay aca i 7% ko sa’osi.orasaka, tadamatatifac ko kasasiroma no cipaysoay ato manikaway ko ’orip, o manikaway a tamdaw i,awa ko sapaising, cakapapitilid to ka’emangay,tada awa ko fana’ to maamaan.
Paraguay
O sinkiw ko sakalacongtong(普選)
ano saki kitakit manga’ay to a mipenec to kalotamdaw sanaay, orasaka o sofitay ko
mikowanay to kalotamdaw.
Conbodia
Kicai(經濟)
I 2006 miheca, o mipalafangay a tayni cilafas to 170 ko ofad,[3]2005 miheca makarkar i riyar ko kasolin a simal ato palapalaan a kaso, i 2009 ano ca i 2010 miheca a misatapang paliwal, tata’ang ko pisiwar to kacomahad no kicai no Kanpociya a manga’ay. [1]
Tamdaw(人口)
O polong a tamdaw no Konpociya ira ko 1550 ofad, o Kanpociya a finacadan mahaop ko 90% ko ka’aloman, ira ho roma a mamangay a finacadan o Kuwaping mahaop ko 1%, o Cing finacadan(Kuwaping a sowal:京族; Roma a tilid:Gin)mahaop ko 9%, o Laos(Kuwaping a sowal:佬族）ato Tay finacadan, ira ho ko masasiromaromaay a mamangay a 20 ko finacadan,oninian i,ira ko ikemoday no lotok a maro’. O lalen no ’orip i, 71.41 ko mihecaan.
Paraguay
O sici(政治)
O sakaay a mikowanay to kitakit i o congtong, o tapang no sifo, away ko pakafiloay to sakowan ’icel ningra. 5 mihaeca ko kalacongtong, caay ka haien no rikec a palalid a malacongtong,nikawrira, 2013 miheca namalacongtong ci Orasio Manuir Karotis Hara（Sipanyasowal: Horacio Manuel Cartes Jara）, sapifalicaw to kinpo ta manga’ay palalid a malacongtong kako yo sananay, nikawrira caay ka laheci ko pifalic to kinpo. O sinkiw no congtong i o palikoay to congtong ato sadamacongtong o cecay a kumi ko sa’osi, o kalotamdaw ko mi topaay,oya saadihayay ko satopa a kumi ko mamaala. Ano mapatay ano ca mapalasawad no lipoin ko congtong i, oya sadamacongtong ko macakat malacongtong, milepon toya ‘osaw a kalacongtongan a miheca. Away ko Sincinyincang hananay a kamaro’an, o congtong sanay ko mikowanay to polong a tayal no kitakit.
O lipoin(pikaykian no kitakit)(國會)
O lipoin no Parakuay i tosaay, o cecay i o Fafa’eday Kayki(上院), o cecay i o
Conbodia
Sowal(語言)
O tamdaw no Kanpociya sahetoay mira’oyay to sowal ato tilid no Kanpociya,ira kono niyah a sa’osi,itini i Kanpociya ikakaay ko katenak no Kanpociya pasasotiri’en ato no Arapiya a sa’osi. O sowal no Kuwaping itini ono Cawco a sowal(Ikiris a sowal: Teochew ano ca Chiuchow),o cecay a sowal no Payrang itini i Taywan.ono niyah a sowal ko hasowal no kasasiromaroma a finacadan. Itiya ho halafin malamicowatan a sokowan no Franso ko Kanpociya, orasaka, o sakatosa a matenakay a sowal ko Franso a sowal, nikawrira, anini sato cowa ka matiya toya i’ayaway ko katenak no Franso a sowal. Tahanini sato i,adihay to ko katayalan cemahad to ko kicai ’aloman ko tayniay a misanga’ to kofa ko Kuwaping a tamadaw, orasaka, matenak ko sowal no Kuwaping ato Ikiris a sowal i Kanpociya. 縮圖|niyaro' (Kraing Tbong )
Paraguay
O lipoin(pikaykian no kitakit)(國會)
La’enoay Kayki(下院), o Fafa’eday Kayki a lipoiin i 45 ko tamdaw, o polong no
kitakit ko pisinkiwan, o La’enoay Kayki a lipoiin i 80 ko tamdaw,o 18 a sakowan a
tamdaw ko mitopaay. Ona tosa a pikaykian no kitakit a lipoiin i 5 miheca ko
kalalipoiin nangra, sa malecad ko romi’ad ko pisikiwan no congtong,ya i cilaay a
Conbodia
Pitooran(宗教)
O mipaypayay a Fociyaw koni pasetekan malo no kitakit a pitooran, i matini mahaop ko 95% no polong a tamdaw no Kanpociya ko mitooray tonini, sakakaay ko ka’aloman ko mitooray i,o Kanpociya a tamdaw, malecad ato fiyaw a Tayko. O itiniay a Kuwaping ato Cin finacadan o Tacen Fociya(Kuwaping a sowal:大乘佛教;Ikiris a sowal:mahāyāna buddhism）, Tinsikyo ato Fa’elohay a Kristoan, o Can finacadan(Kuwaping a sowal:占族;Ikiris a sowal:Urang Campa)[5] [6] o Islan Ciyaw ko pitooran, ira ho cowa ka ’aloman a tamdaw o mitooray to pawidangay.
Punka(文化)
O sakero no Kanpociya tolo ko kasasiiked:o to’asan sakero, niyaro’ay sakero, ato sapalafang sakero. O tahapinangan no Kanpociya a sakero i,ono to’asan sakero. Adihay ko masariromaromaay a siikeday a pisalaan no lafang itini, o cinganganay i kalokitakit i, itiraay i ka’amis no kitakit a 縮圖|itaminaay paliwal to dafong(Fishsale) no hekalay kitakit o Wukoku(Kuwaping a sowal:吳哥窟 [7]Roma a tilid: ʾṅ̥grvt̥t=ʾaṅgaravatta).isasifo’an no kitakit i, tadaadihay ko nipatirengan Fyo pipaypayan, isaka’etipan ira ko Tonlisa Fanaw, o lalen no ’ngongol no nanom ira ko cecay laya’, o kakahad i,ira ko 1,700 km²,manga’ay a pakatamina a minengneng to tataparan. Itini tona fanaw ’aloman ko kalaloma’ hananay ko tamina a ’orip, isakatimol dihekoay ko cidal, toloay ko mihaian no Linheko a rocok no punka no Kanpociya.
Paraguay
O lipoin(pikaykian no kitakit)(國會)
sinkiw i 2013 miheca saka 4 folad saka 21 romi’ad, o maalaay a lipoiin paki tangen i
Conbodia
Tahapinangan a Tilid (參考文獻)
[1] 劍浮沙(梵語：Kamboja)是印度列國時代的十六雄國之一，又譯為甘菩遮國.
[2] Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo - Wikisource. it.wikisource.org. [2019-08-07]. （原始內容存檔於2018-11-22）
Paraguay
O lipoin(pikaykian no kitakit)(國會)
Fafa’eday Kayki:
＊kororato Tang: 19 ko iin
Conbodia
Tahapinangan a Tilid (參考文獻)
[4] 廣西對柬埔寨投資呈爆發式增長 （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）news.xinhuanet.com
Paraguay
O lipoin(pikaykian no kitakit)(國會)
＊PLRA Tang:13 ko iin
＊Kuwas Tang:5 ko iin
Conbodia
Tahapinangan a Tilid (參考文獻)
[5] Andaya, Leonard Y. Leaves of the same tree: trade and ethnicity in the Straits of Melaka. University of Hawaii Press. 2008: 44 [2018-02-22]. ISBN 978-0-8248-3189-9. （原始內容存檔於2021-02-08）
Paraguay
O lipoin(pikaykian no kitakit)(國會)
＊Mincin Tatng:3 ko iin
＊Apansa Pais:2 ko iin
Conbodia
Tahapinangan a Tilid (參考文獻)
[6] Reid, Anthony. Verandah of violence: the background to the Aceh problem. NUS Press. 2006: 8 [2018-02-22]. ISBN 978-9971-69-331-2. （原始內容存檔於2021-02-08）.
Paraguay
O lipoin(pikaykian no kitakit)(國會)
＊UNACE Tang:1 ko iin
Conbodia
Tahapinangan a Tilid (參考文獻)
[7] 中國地名委員會. 外国地名译名手册. 商務印書館. 1993: 31. ISBN 7-100-00798-4. Ângkôr Wat 【柬】 吳哥窟;
Paraguay
O lipoin(pikaykian no kitakit)(國會)
La’enoay Kayki:
＊kororato Tang: 44 ko iin
Conbodia
Pikafitan i papotal(外部連結)
•（英文）柬埔寨王國 - Cambodia e-Gov
•（英文）柬埔寨電子簽證 - Cambodia e-Visa （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
Paraguay
O lipoin(pikaykian no kitakit)(國會)
＊PLRA Tang:27 ko iin
Conbodia
Pikafitan i papotal(外部連結)
•（繁體中文）柬埔寨旅遊部官方網站 （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
•（英文）柬埔寨旅遊指南
•（英文）開放式目錄計劃中和柬埔寨相關的內容
Paraguay
O lipoin(pikaykian no kitakit)(國會)
＊UNACE Tang:2 ko iin
Mikomodis
Mikomodis （河祭）
Conbodia
Pikafitan i papotal(外部連結)
• 維基導遊上有關柬埔寨（繁體中文）的旅行指南
Mikomodis
O kalacecayay no demak to mihecahecaan no kasaselal ko “komoris” hananay, malecad to “miladis” han no ’amis a ’etel, misacepo’ han no pasawali ato mikesi han no Falangaw. Roma i teked han no cecaay a niyaro’, roma pakatar sa to roma a niyaro’ “malaladof” a malacecay mikomoris. Roma a niyaro’ ira ko i’ayaway anca i ikor no ilisin mireko, roma i ira ko maherek mi’anip, mikapkap, pa’afo to omah malepon to ko lingad to sakifonon, o panay i ci hapapoy to mamafitelak cilimaw to mireko to. Ano ’adihay ko limaw ira ko tolo sepatay ko romi’ad, anca ira ko tosaay ko romi’ad, o tayal ni demakan ko pi’arawan to romi’ad a mikomoris.
Conbodia
Pikafitan i papotal(外部連結)
• 維基導遊上有關柬埔寨（法文）的旅行指南
Paraguay
O lipoin(pikaykian no kitakit)(國會)
＊Kuwas Tang:1 ko iin
＊To’asan Tang:1 ko iin
Mikomodis
Onini a talawadaw ko kapolongan a pala mikomoris. oni talawadaw o sawaeran nira itira i sawalian kalaeno no Isan a lotok ato i saetipan no pasawali kalaeno no lotok, teloc to no kasonolan itira i riyar no Tay-pin-yang, nika tahira i Posko ato Kongpo masahetal ko pala ’adihay to ko cipa’ no ’alo, kinapina:ay to matateko macinowas ko rakat no nanom, ikor to itira to i kawali no Kiwit matateko malatata’akay to a ’alo mapecih to ko lotok no pasawali a lotok ta masonol talawali micomod i Tay-pin-yang. Yo caho ko kafana’an ko ngota ato mipatiliay a demak koni a ’alo, ’adihay ho ko kaeso’ay masamaanay a foting, malasaka’a’isel no Pangcaah a mifoting koni a ’alo, ’aloman to ko tomekeday anca no ngangasawan a pifoting, nika oni kapolongan a pifoting mikomoris hananay, kitado sa to micipa’ay kasonol no nanom, itira a misedef mitena’ misanga’ to roma kasonolan no nanom, tala sato to kakerahan no nanom, haemin sato ko foting a maala. O sapisedef itira miala to ’talod, eli’, malotektek a kilang, papah no lawilaw ato tafok fokeloh, maemin mangaay malo lalosidan.
Conbodia
Pikafitan i papotal(外部連結)
• 維客旅行上的柬埔寨 （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
Paraguay
O lipoin(pikaykian no kitakit)(國會)
Nano kairaan no Parakuay kitakit, o sici nona kitakit i matiya o sowal ni Simon・
Poliparu (Simón Bolívar) o tada ngangan ningra i ci Simon・Hosi・Antoniyon・ti
・Santisima・Trinitato・Poliparu・Palasios・Ponti・I・Pranko（Simón José
Mikomodis
Maemin to masinanot ko mihalakaan a lalosidan,cecay ko sowal sa kalamkam sato misedef to kasonolan no nanom makerah to ko nanom. Itini i mimingay kasonolan no nanom lahoday a tayalen ko matiniay, nika tahiraay i tatelecan ko talolong, ano caka citaneng ato karikec ko tamdaw ato kalamkam ko tayal a dademak caayay ko mamareko a malaheci ko demak. Orasaka o citodongay kakeridan no kasaselal “Mama no kapah”, cecay ko celi’, cecay ko tayal, cacokecoker mapapadang ko demak, ano caay pina’on, cecay to ko mipalifetay, maperad ho ko nisedefan, o edeng to koni a tayal. Saka o matiniay misedefay ko pifoting kalamkam, matatodong, malacecay, cecay ko saselaan makakiya’ot to tatokian harakatan ko demak, awaay to ko mikikakaay ko matiniay a demak.
Conbodia
Pikafitan i papotal(外部連結)
•谷歌地圖
Paraguay
O lipoin(pikaykian no kitakit)(國會)
Antonio de la Santísima Trinidad Bolívar Palacios Ponte y Blanco、1783 miheca,saka7folad, saka24romi’ad –1830miheca,saka12folad,17romi’ad, omi keriday to saka tomireng no Satimalan Amirika a kitakit）: ano ca ko sofitay ko nisateked mikowan, o pakoniyah sanay matiya o awaay ko sifo, naka mapalasawad malatapang no kitakit ci Sitoisniru, lahodayay to mamang ko ‘orip no tamtamdaw, nikawrira, o sofitay ko so’elinay a mikowan tona kitakit.