cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Ciamengan
o kasadakan no lihaf
Kasasiwasiw:Farangaw 'Amis
Ci Takapu Ciyan-cin
Ci Takapu Ciyan-cin （高巍和）
Polong matayalay i safitay no Yincomin i Taywan i, ci 高巍和 ko sarakat pakaalaay to cecay ko fo’is a tamdaw, itini i 1992 a miheca 11 a folad sakacecay a romi’ad, mapakafit i ’afala nira ko cecay a fo’is, malakafahekaan a tamdaw itini i Taywan. Tangasa tona pinapina a miheca, ta sedak sa ko sakatosa o Pariwan no lo-cin cifo’isay.
’Orip ni 高巍和將軍 i kasafitay ningra polong 26 a miheca, so’elin to, itiya i o tanengnengan to a fa’inayan cingra itiya, nanoya mafalic to ko nengneng no roma a tamdaw to Yincomin, tona pinapina a mihecaan ’aloman to ko malasafitayay a kapah no Yincomin, tada mahapinang malengat ko faloco’ no cimacima a tamdaw. Sowalen ko demak nira, itini tona masapatekay to ko mihecaan, o caay to ko mamalahedaw koni.
Itira i rakat no kalasafitayan nira mala parakatay to hikoki, malakakeridan, malaco-len, ta-toy-cang, can-mo-cang, su-can, hatiniay to kareko ko tayal nira, kinapinapina to pakaala to kongpay, kinapinapinaay to mikapot a mifolaw, kafafolaw itini i riyar no Taywan maala to kina falo a polo’ milis to riyar no Ta-lu. Ira ko sowal nira itiya, 1979 a miheca parakat cingra to sapifolaw a hikoki F-5A maocor pakaatayal, yo pahitefo sato caay ka tefad ko ka’ayaway a saripa’ no hikoki, itiya i ira to ko sowal no kakeridan hitefo han to saan, nika citaneng cira, maedeng kako a miliyaw pahitefo sa ko i kemoday no faloco’ nira, oya minanaman nira a tanenng, ya papatefo fohat han nira ko satahaf no tayya, soelin fangcal ko katefad, ano awaay ko matiniay nira a faloco’ ko makaari’ang to kora matekesay a hikoki, a awa to cingra a mapatay. Safangcal sato ko katefad, ikor to pakaolah hanto no kakeridan ato pakopay, nikawrira toya pisa’imer. o talaw mara’oteng to ko riko’ to kaciferang nira, nika mapa’orip ko hikoki ato ’orip no tireng. Soelin to itira i kalasafitayan na ira koya damsayay maolahay a foloco’ no Yincomin i tatirengan ni 高將軍, caay pi’osi to tamdaw, o tapang kako awa ko sanay nira, saka i faloco’ no kapot nira, o tada safangcalay malatapang cingra. O nika matira nira, malasakaolah to no ’alomanay cingra, onini ko saka cifaloco’ cingra, ano misawad to malasafitay, patoeto ho kako misakowanay a tayal saan.
I’ayaw na somowal to ci 高將軍, “ I’ayaw no 50 a mihecaan mapaini ako ko kok-ka, ikor no 50 a miheca itinien to ako paini i Yincomin.” saan. Onini a sowal nira madoedo mikapot misingkiw to li-po-ing maala cingra.
Kali-po-ingan ni 高將軍milecad to i kalasafitayan ko faloco’, misafaloco’ misa’icel, mipalowad to iraay i sarikec sakafangcal ko ’orip no Yincomin, mato itini i Posong patireng to sakowan to pasawali, palowad to sifana’ no Yincomin, pafatel vo lalan nai Posko tangasa i Kakacawa a lalan, pakayniay pinaterek a pala no sarikec ato palow2ad patireng to Yincomin wiyenhoy hatiraay ko tayal.
Misawad malali-po-ing, na o faloco’ mifalic to molotayal, itira i Yincomin wiyenhoy na saan, nika o mamikapot tayni i Taypak a mikayki, tangasa i fatad no lalan i Sing-in masasongtol ko paliding, malepon to ko nika tadamaan no ’orip nira, matenak koni a lihaf, mafanaay sida’itay cingraan a tamdamdaw, maeemin to a mararom ko faloco’.
Hunhungaz
Hunhungaz（古楓部落）
Itiniay i Zhuoxi(卓溪) Cen no Hualien(花蓮) ko Hunhungaz a niyaro’, 65  ko sa’osi no parod no loma’, 229 ko sa’osi no tamdaw.
96% ko ka’aloman no Yincomin(原住民), polong han i, 219 ko tamdaw; o roma sato i, 4% ko ka’aloman no roma a finacadan, polong han i,  10 ko tamdaw.
O pa-sin-to(百分比) no ka’aloman no tamdaw no kasafinacadan(族群) i, ko Bunun(布農族)84%, Amis(阿美族)4%, Tayal(泰雅族)1%, roma(其他)6%.
Ira ko kofa(花蓮縣消防局卓溪分隊) i niyaro’.
o kasadakan no lihaf
Kasasiwasiw:Farangaw 'Amis
Gadu
Itiniay i Jinfeng(金峰) Cen no Taitung(台東) ko Gadu a niyaro’, 65  ko sa’osi no parod no loma’, 208 ko sa’osi no tamdaw.
95% ko ka’aloman no Yincomin(原住民), polong han i, 198 ko tamdaw; o roma sato i, 5% ko ka’aloman no roma a finacadan, polong han i,  10 ko tamdaw.
O pa-sin-to(百分比) no ka’aloman no tamdaw no kasafinacadan(族群) i, ko.
Ira ko picodadan(新興國小、新興國小附幼) i niyaro’.
Ira ko paisingan(新興村衛生室) i niyaro’.
Laeno
https://greatbizz11.blogspot.com/2022/11/gaiam-essentials-thick-yoga-mat-fitness.html?m=1
Gadu
o kasadakan no lihaf
Kasasiwasiw:Farangaw 'Amis
Laeno
O ngangan no La’eno (大港口部落由來)
Ｏ kimad itiya ho, o sa’ayaway a tayni ko Ciporan a ngasawan. pakayni i Sanasay milacal to riyar tangasa i posong. saikor, tangasa to i La’eno no cepo’ ato Makotaay paloma’ ko Ciporan ngasaw. Nikawria ikarira,yo kasakapingan ho i, ira ko Karawrawan a demak no Cepo’ hananay, misalalan ko kaping no kasakapingan, mari'angay ko kaping to finawlan. sa linahen ngara ko kamaro’an tayra i  katimol no sa’etip a （sowal no holam）Cekongsan(赤公山) tokos a makotaay ’alo. kirami i (1924 -1925 ), sąadihaysa to ko tamdaw i Makotaay a niyaro’. linah saan to ko finawlan tayra i la’eno no Makotaay, sa La’eno a niyaro’ han ngara.
Easter iland
Likisi(歷史)
Matiya o ‘Amis a tamdaw ira ko sowal nika awa ko tilid, saka ‘awaay ko mahapinangay a likisi no Rapa Nui.nikawrira, iraay ko cecay a kimad tahanini a mapakitoh,o ta’as nganra o kakita’an ci Hotu Matu’a hakelongen ningra ko fafahi ato wawa a mikalic to dodang a pahicera itini ton pala. 300px|right|Easter Island map-en
Laeno
O nikalopisak no Laeno (人口分佈)
Itiniay i Fengbin Syang(豐濱) no Hualien Syien(花蓮) ko Laeno a niyaro’, 65 ko sa’osi no parod no loma’, 145 ko sa’osi no tamdaw.
Easter iland
O tilid(朗格朗格文字)
o pecih a tilid no to'asay no Rapa Nui konini.
Laeno
O nikalopisak no Laeno (人口分佈)
82% ko ka’aloman no Yincomin(原住民), polong han i, 119 ko tamdaw; o roma sato i, 18% ko ka’aloman no roma a finacadan, polong(全部) han i, 26 ko tamdaw.
O pa-sin-to(百分比) no ka’aloman no tamdaw no kasafinacadan(族群) i, ko Amis(阿美族)74%, Paiwan(排灣族)1%, Puyuma(卑南族)1%, 撒奇拉雅族1%, roma(其他)6%.
Ira ko picodadan(港口部落) i niyaro’.
O finacadan no Yincomin (所屬阿美族群)
O pasawalian a Pangcah, o sa’alomanay a finacadan no Yincomin. itini i nowalian a lotok, mililis to riyar, mifater to Kalingko na itira i Fakong talatimol tangasa i Madawdaw, saka o pasawali a Pangcah han.
O pitooran no finawlan (族人信仰)
O pito'oran ko finawlan no Laeno i ,itini a niyaro’ ira ko tosa nipatirengan a kiwkay a maneneng. O pito’oran nira i o tingsikiw ato kirisito-kiw. itini i ira ko pito’oran ngara, pakayni sa’opo no kinkay, malosakarikec sto sakafakat no ’orip no Yin-cu-min. mamaan ca ko deamk no sapitolon ko niyaro’.
O Tahapinangan a Tilid (參考文獻)
Kasasiwasiw:Pasawalian 'Amis
Haitutuan
Haitutuan（山平部落）
Itiniay i Haiduan(海端) Cen no Taitung(台東) ko Haitutuan a niyaro’, 108 ko sa’osi no parod no loma’, 344 ko sa’osi no tamdaw.
O pa-sin-to(百分比) no ka’aloman no tamdaw no kasafinacadan(族群) i, ko Bunun(布農族)69%, Amis(阿美族)3%, Paiwan(卑南族)3%, Puyuma(排灣族)1%, Rukai(魯凱族)1%, Tayal(泰雅族)1%, roma5%.
Ira ko picodadan(海端國中、海端國小、海端圖書館) i niyaro’.
Ira ko imeng(海端分駐所) i niyaro’.
Ira ko paisingan(海端衛生所) i niyaro’.
Ira ko kofa(海端戶政所、海端鄉公所、海端鄉代會、海端郵局'台東縣鄉防局海端分隊) i niyaro’.
o kasadakan no lihaf
Kasasiwasiw:Farangaw 'Amis
Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah
thumb|Hassanal Bolkiah 2013|alt=Hassanal Bolkiah 2013.jpg
O Sawara’an no kitakit(國家) no Brunei(汶萊) anini i ci Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah, patirengan a romi’ad i 1967 a miheca saka 10 folad saka 5 a romi’ad.
No papotalay a kakafit
Kasasiwasiw:Pasawalian 'Amis
Ciataw
Ciataw（福原部落）
Itiniay i Chishang(池上) Cen no Taitung(台東縣) ko Ciataw(福原) a niyaro’, 868 ko sa’osi no parod no loma’, 2,284 ko sa’osi no tamdaw.
12% ko ka’aloman no Yincomin(原住民), polong han i, 264 ko tamdaw; o roma sato i, 88% ko ka’aloman no roma a finacadan, polong han i, 2,020 ko tamdaw.
O pa-sin-to(百分比) no ka’aloman no tamdaw no kasafinacadan(族群) i, ko Amis(阿美族)9%, Bunun(布農族)1%, Paiwan(排灣族)1%.
Estonia
縮圖|280x280像素|o hata no Aysaniya
Ciataw
Ira ko imeng(關山分局池上派出所) i niyaro’.
Estonia
Aysaniya Nikapolongan Kitakit (愛沙尼亞共和國).
Ono Aysaniya a sowal Eesti Vabariik, o cecay a kitakit no itiraay i Poloti-Riyar(波羅的海國家; Ikiris a sowal:Baltic states; Aysaniya a sowal:Balti riigid; Latowiya a sowal:Baltijas valstis;Litawan a sowal:Baltijos valstybės.又稱波羅的海三國）. O tatapangan ato sakakaay niyaro’ o Talin..o kaitiraan nona kitakit i, itiraay I saka’amis no satimolan no Yoropa, o katatekoan no 2222 a kanatal, pasi’etip o Poloti-Riyar, pasi’amis misi’ayaw to Fenlan-Kihaw, isakawali o Cuto-Fanaw, malafiyaw ato Latowiya i katimol, malafiyaw ato Rosiya i sakawali, o polong a dadahal no sera ira ko 45,227km², o sa’emelay a karopawan kakarayan.
Ciataw
Ira ko paisingan(池上衛生所) i niyaro’.
Estonia
Aysaniya Nikapolongan Kitakit (愛沙尼亞共和國).
O sakakaay a tamdaw nona kitakit toya Aysaniya a tamdaw i, o mirocoday to Poloti-Riyar a Fenlan tamdaw. 縮圖|253x253像素|kaitiraan no Aysaniya kitakit Tona pinapina a so’ot ko mihecaan marocok no Tanmay, Roytin, Toic ato Rosiya a mikowan, I 1918 miheca ta misiiked tono niyah a kitakit, ikor to i 1940 miheca mapatateko i Solin, 1991 miheca yo matekop ko Solin miliyaw hea a misiied patireng to kitakit.
Ciataw
Ira ko kofa(池上鄉公所、池上郵局) i niyaro’.
Estonia
Rikisi (歷史)
I’ayaw no kairaan no tilid a mihecahecan, iraay to ko Fenlan-Wkor tamdaw maro’ itini i Aysaniya. Tahira to I 1227 miheca, ma’eco no Tanmay ato Rilman a Likoniya-Sofitay ko Aysaniya, orasaka, micomod ko Kristo a pitooran itini. Nanoyanan to ikor macacawi a makowan no ci’icelay kitakit ko Aysaniya, ilaloma’ nonini ira ko Tanmay-Norwi, Roytin-Hotian kitakit, ato Polan-Litawan Matatekopay kitakit.
Cokap
Takaray a sowal
O cokap no malitengay itiyaho o misanga'an a kilang, o cokap no malitengay. aniniay a cokap i, oni hacaan a cokap, o solipa.Tahanini kasasiromaroma ko adihay no koco. o koco hananay o sakanga'ay no o'o a lomakat ato o sakadiheko no o'o. thumb|Cokap
Ciataw
o kasadakan no lihaf
Kasasiwasiw:Farangaw 'Amis
Gali-hwan
Gali-hwan（南灣部落）
Estonia
Sakakinacecay a misiiked(第一次獨立)
I mamaleponan no Sakacecay-Lalood no Hekal I 1918 miheca saka 2 folad saka 25 romi’ad,o teloc no Toic a tamdaw I Aysaniya, keriden ni Tolinshasin Tadafayinayan (德林斯漢森男爵,Baron Dellingshansen）a mipalarawraw, mitahidang to sofitay no Toic micomod tayni I Aysaniya. O nani kasasowalan no Solin ato Toic a matatilid to Polisto-sakarihaday Kakaketonan (《布列斯特-立陶夫斯克條約》,Rosiya a sowal:Брестский мир, Toic a sowal:Friedensvertrag von Brest-Litowsk), pafelien no Solin i Toic ko Fenlan, Aystolan(Aysaniya), Liflan(Likoniya ato Latowiya), Litawan ato Wkolan, o sofitay no Solin ma’emin a miliyas toninian pala. Ikor to i, misafaloco‘ ko Toic patireng i naikoran no Solin to malamicongacongay kitakit to Toic a Poloti-Riyar a Matatekoay kitakit, toro‘ han ko itiraay i Mikolonpaw ci Atawfu-Folitolisi Tadafayinayan malamikowanay noni matatekopay kitakit.
Cokap
kasasiromaroma no koco
左|縮圖|133x133像素|Cokap
Estonia
Sakakinacecay a misiiked(第一次獨立)
1918 miheca saka 11 folad, cirawraw ko Toic to Saka Cecay-Safaw Pilolol (十一月革命, Toic a sowal:Novemberrevolution; 1918-1919 pilolol no Toic hananay ho a pangangan.) I saka 11 folad saka 11 romi’ad malowid ko Honti.Patatanga han no Solin a mipalasawad koya Polisto-sakarihaday Kakaketonan, misafaloco’ to sapipatikoran toya mipafelian a pala i Toic, o Aysaniya tangsol a milekal to pisiiked I 1918 miheca saka 11 folad saka 28 romi’ad, o teloc no Toic malacafay a misaopo to to tamdaw malasofitay mi taker to Solin. 1919 miheca saka 2 folad saka 1 romi’ad, ira ko kakeridan no sofitay no Toic ci Litiko-Feng-Korci misanga’ to “ Naifaloco’ay Kasafelaw” （Freikorps）tayra i Aysaniya mipadang to itiraay a sofitay no Toic, ikor to i,matatilid ko Solin ato Aysaniya to “Tarto-Sakarihaday Kakaketonan” (《塔爾圖和約》; Aysaniya a sowal:Tartu rahu), itini tona kakaketonan a tilid masongila’ ko pihayi no Solin to pisiiked no Aysaniya, naifaloco’ ko pisawad to sapikowanaw to Aysaniya a salongoc.
Cokap
kasasiromaroma no koco
1.cokap縮圖|174x174px|Sapimali a koco|左
Estonia
’Ecoen no Solin a maro’（被蘇聯吞併）
1939 miheca saka 8 folad saka 23 romi’ad, o tapang no citodongay to demak no kalokitakit no Toic ci Lipintorof ato Solin ci Morotof matatilid to ” Caay ka milangat a malapalo kakaketonan” (《德蘇互不侵犯條約》), icani’iw nona kakaketonan ira ko pihayi to karakilac to sera no taliyokay a kitakit.orasaka, i 1941 miheca saka 6 folad saka 14 romi’ad mapateko i Solin ko Aysaniya, mikakopt to Solin-Lekatep.
Cokap
kasasiromaroma no koco
2.koco-sapimali a koco，sakacomikay a koco. 左|縮圖|123x123像素|Santalo
Gali-hwan
86% ko ka’aloman no Yincomin(原住民), polong han i, 162 ko tamdaw; o roma sato i, 14% ko ka’aloman no roma a finacadan, polong han i,  26 ko tamdaw.
Cokap
kasasiromaroma no koco
3.santalo(o citokiyaray a koco)-sakakapah a koco no fafahiyan.
Estonia
’Ecoen no Solin a maro’（被蘇聯吞併）
Yo mapatay to ko tapang no Solin ci Stalin mahoka’ to ko pikowan no Solin to Aysaniya, nani 1950 miheca mihay to ko Solin to Tamdaw no Aysaniya malawidang ato roma a kitakit a tamdaw. Tahira sato ci Kopacifo ko malatapangay no Solin, matongal ko kahoka’ no pikowan no Solin to Aysaniya, ira to a masadak ko roma ko harateng a sieci kasafelaw ato sieci a tang. I 1988 miheca saka 11 folad saka 16 romi’ad milekal ko Aysaniya ira kono niyah a Tatapangan-Salongoc no kitakit saan, 1989 miheca saka 1 folad masang’ ko ono sifo a sowal ko sowal no Aysaniya sanay a rikec. Tona miheca masanga’ kono niyah a hata no kitakit, i 1989 miheca saka 8 folad saka 23 romi’ad o Aysaniya, Latowiya ato Litawan ira ko ko demak to “Poloti-Riyar a Lalan”sanay a kalakitikiting no tamdamdaw (波羅的海之路; Ikiris a sowal:Baltic Way；Aysaniya a sowal:Balti kett; Latowiya asowal: 'Baltijas ceļš'；Litawan a sowal:Baltijos kelias；Rosiya a sowal:Балтийский путь) to pikoning to pi’eco no Solin i Sakatosa Lalood, misa’icel to sapisiiedaw.
Cokap
kasasiromaroma no koco
4.solipa-i loma'ay a ca'edong no salipa'.
Estonia
Sakakinatosa a misiiked (第二次獨立)
I 1990 miheca saka 2 folod saka 24 romi’ad,misinkiw ko finawlan no Aysaniya to malamisanga’ay to rikec a iing no Aysaniya (halo mapafolaway 35 tamdaw i roma a kitakit a tamtadaw i 1940 miheca) polong 464 ko kiing no Pikaykian no, kitakit. Tona mihecaan saka 5 folad misinkiw to sakacecay riyad a Fafa’eday-Pikaykian, tangsol a milekal to kacisalongoc no kitakit, tona miheca saka 5 folad mipalolol to ’ayaway a ngangan no kitakit to “Aysaniya-Kapolongan Kitakit“,ira heca ko pipatsetek o nisanga’an no Fafa’eday-Pikaykian a rikec nga’ ira ko halifetay. 縮圖
Gali-hwan
O pa-sin-to(百分比) no ka’aloman no tamdaw no kasafinacadan(族群) i, ko Tayal(泰雅族)82%, Amis(阿美族)1%, Saysiyat(賽夏族)2%, Bunun(布農族)3%.
o kasadakan no lihaf
Kasasiwasiw:Farangaw 'Amis
Estonia
Sakakinatosa a misiiked (第二次獨立)
1991 miheca saka 8 folad saka 19 romi’ad ira ko kafelih no sifo no Solin toya ’’ 8.19 Lolol“ (蘇聯解體; Rosiya a sowal:Распад СССР). O sifo no Rosiya-Kapolongan Kitakit milekal a mihayi to pisiiked no Poroti-Riyar a kitakit ato mikapotay a kitakit no Solin, ira heca ko pihayi no Rosiya cowa ka pisa’eli to sapifalicaw to kakala’edan ato tona atoloay kitakit no Poroti-Riyar, Rosiya miliyas i 1994 miheca.
I 2004 miheca mikapot i Yoropa-Lekatep (歐洲聯盟/European Union, EU) ato Saka’amisay-Riyaran a Kakaketonan-Lekatep(北大西洋公約組織; North Atlantic Treaty Organization, NATO ).i 2007 miheca saka 12 folad 21 romi’ad mikapot to Sinken-Kakaketonan (《申根公約》; Toic a sowal:Schengener Abkommen；Fransu a sowal:Convention de Schengen；Olanta a sowal:Verdrag van Schengen).
2006 miheca saka 9 folad saka 23 romi’ad, ira ko sinkiw to congtong, ci Tomas Hentelikes ko maalaay malacongtong.
Cokap
kasasiromaroma no koco
5.amikoco-saki'orad a koco.
Estonia
Kaitiraan(地理)
Itiraay i kawali no Poroti-Riyar, o polong no sera ira ko 45,227km² ko dadahal, o takaraw nani tongroh no riyar 50 laya’ aca ko ka’akawang. Tada minikaway to kinairaira no palapalaan, o tatafokeloh i, o cisimalay-dapiyac ato apolan-dapiyac. O kilakilangan i, matahepo ko 47% no kitakit. I laloma’ no Aysaniya ira ko 1400 a fanaw ( nikawrira sahetoay o mamamangay aca, o sakakaay i, o Cuto-fanaw, ira ko 3,555 km² ko kakahad), adihay heca ko henohenotan. O kakaya’ no lilis no riyar ira ko 3,794 kilo, i lilis no riyar adihay ko kihaw ato kanatal ato riyaran a ta'eman. O tata’angay a kanatal ira ko 1,500, o sakakaay a kanatal pacidek sanay a malakowan, onini i, o Saroy kowan ( 薩雷縣 ; Aysaniya a sowal:Saare maakondato ) ato Sio kowan (希烏縣; Aysaniya a sowal:Hiiu maakond), ona tosa a kowan a takaraw no sera nani tongroh no riyar caka pakalawis to 100 laya’, o tapolo to i, nani tongrah no riyar 317 laya’ aca ko ka’akawang.
Cokap
kasasiromaroma no koco
6.kawakoco-sapisalama a koco.
7.tafi-sapicekiw a koco ato koco no mifotingay.
8.sapihpih- sapicelem a koco.
Estonia
Kaitiraan(地理)
O sa’emelay a kakarayan, so’emetay ko romi’ad, o ’orad to mihecaan i, 600-700mm, so’emetay ko kakarayan.
Cokap
Misanga' to malaheciay a kocomipadan
1.O papising no koco：kafekan no koco ato sapitahepo to koror no saripa'.
Estonia
Kinaira no pala (資源)
O kinairaira no palapalaan no Aysaniya ira ko tatafokeloh a cisimalay-dapiyac ato apolan-dapiyac. O kilakilangan i, matahepo ko 47% no kitakit, tahira i 2017 miheca matahepo ko 51% no pala.caay ko cisimalay-dapiyac ato apolan-dapiyac ko tanamaanay a kinaira no Aysaniya, iraay ho ko asfaloto ato ’adicaw. Oya misanga’ay to dingki a Narwa-Dingkikofa tada matelangay to, ano caho ka safa’elohen a mifalic, o caay to ka pisanga’ to dingki.
Cokap
Misanga' to malaheciay a kocomipadan
2. O saripa' no koco：I saripa' no koco i ,masasiromaromaay a koco i, masasiromaromaay ko sapisanga' to saripa' no koco.
Estonia
Kinaira no pala (資源)
Tamdaw ato pitooran (人口與宗教) 縮圖|331x331像素|o mita'ongay to kalodafong a pitooran O pisa’osi no misa’osiay to tamdaw no kitakit, tahira i 2020 miheca saka 3 folad saka 5 romi’ad o polong no Aysaniya ira ko 1,291,231 ko tamdaw. Pasasotili’en to i’ayaway a sa’osi i, malowanay to mamamg ko tamdaw,pasila’eno ko ka sofoc no wawa. Ilaloma’an no nini i, o fainayan ira ko 60.3 ’ofad ko tamdaw, mahaop ko 46.4%, o fafahiyan ira ko 68.8 ’ofad ko tamdaw, mahaop ko 53.6%. Aysaniya a finacaan mahaop ko 68.7%, Rosiya finacadan 24.8%, o roma a finacadan 4.9%, o awaay ko kitakita a kika 1.5% ko tamdaw. O kasakilac no tamdaw to mihecaan i, o ka’emangay (0-14 ko mihecaan)nani 18% malowan to 15%, i kakaay no 65 mihecaan a tamdaw nani 15% macakat tahira i 18%, o matayalay a tamdaw (15-65 ko mihecaan) awaay ko kafalic, oyanan to 67%. o pisa’osian a romi’ad nani 2011miheca saka 12 folad tihira i 2012 miheca saka 12 folad saka 3 folad saka 31 romi’ad.
Cokap
Misanga' to malaheciay a kocomipadan
3.O tokiyar no koco：O 'atekakay a sapisang'an a dafong ko sapisanga' to tokiyar no koco.
Estonia
Kinaira no pala (資源)
O Aysaniya a sifo cowa ka patangic to tamdaw a papitoor to pitooran, orasaka, cecay no kalitolo aca ko iraay ko pitooran, i laloma’ no nini i, o Fa’elohay-Misakristoay a Loto-Kasafelaw. O Rosiya a tamdaw o So’elinay-Kyokay ko pitooran.ira ho ma’osaw ko ko no katelangay ho a mita’ongay to dafong a pitooran(拜物教;fetishism).
Cokap
Misanga' to malaheciay a kocomipadan
4. O tatadaan no koco：O tatadaan no koco mingataay to saripa' no tamdaw. ira ko tatadaan i ,ma'edengay mipadang to kareteng no tireng saka manga'ay a romakat ato mipadan to fiyal no saripa' ,milowan to adada no o'o.
Estonia
Sowal (語言)
Ono sifoan a sowal i, o Aysaniya sowal, ona sowal i, cikiharay ato Fenlan-Sowal. itini tona kitakit o tadamaanay ko Rosiya sowal. I tata’angay tokay no Aysaniya kalasowaln ko Ikiris a sowal. ‘Alomanay ko mafana’ay to sowal no Rosiya a tamdaw no Aysaniya, o pitilidan no Aysaniya I, misa’adihayan a patongal ko sowal no Rosiya a pasifana’. Ikaloromi’ad masowal ko sowal no Toic.
Cokap
Pikafitan i papotal
Cokap(Cukap;Koco:Kucu)
Hupu
Hupu（北埔部落）
Itiniay i Xincheng(新城) Cen no Hualien(花蓮) ko Hupu a niyaro’, 56  ko sa’osi no parod no loma’, 167 ko sa’osi no tamdaw.
66% ko ka’aloman no Yincomin(原住民), polong han i, 111 ko tamdaw; o roma sato i, 34% ko ka’aloman no roma a finacadan, polong han i,  56 ko tamdaw.
O pa-sin-to(百分比) no ka’aloman no tamdaw no kasafinacadan(族群) i, ko Amis(阿美族)16%, 撒奇拉雅族1%, Bunun(布農族)3%, Tayal(泰雅族)1%, Truku(太魯閣族)6%, Paiwan(排灣族)1%, roma(其他)1%.
o kasadakan no lihaf
Kasasiwasiw:Farangaw 'Amis
Laiyi
Laiyi（來義鄉）
Itini i Pingtung(屏東) ko Laiyi Siyang. sa’osi han ko po:long no palaan i, ira ko 162.27 km² (lalotolotokan a plalan no sa’osi i ira ko 70.84 km², o palaan noto’as i'a:yaw i ira ko 86.37 km²), 7,556 ko tamdaw i Laiyi Siyang, 2,230 ko parod no loma’, itini i niyaro’ a Yincomin(原住民) sa’osi han ira ko 7,327 a tamdaw, pakaala to 97%(Paiwan排灣族\) no polong no tamdaw. o Paiwan ko sa’alomanay i Pingtung Siyang.
O kasaniyarona
7 ko cun, 10 ko niyaro’ i Laiyi Siyang. Kuljaljau（古樓部落）, Vungalid（望嘉部落）, Payljus（白鷺部落）, Calasiv（丹林部落）, Tjuwaqau（大後部落）, Siljevavav（喜樂發發吾部落）, Tjana’asiya（義林部落）, Pucunug（文樂部落）, Tjalja’avus（來義部落）, Takamimura（高見部落）.
Halusipun
Halusipun（筆石部落）
Itiniay i Xinyi(信義) Cen no Nantou(南投) ko Halusipun a niyaro’, 46  ko sa’osi no parod no loma’, 128 ko sa’osi no tamdaw.
40% ko ka’aloman no Yincomin(原住民), polong han i, 51  ko tamdaw; o roma sato i, 60% ko ka’aloman no roma a finacadan, polong han i,  77 ko tamdaw.
O pa-sin-to(百分比) no ka’aloman no tamdaw no kasafinacadan(族群) i, ko Bunun(布農族)38%, Amis(阿美族)1%, Cou(鄒族)2%.
o kasadakan no lihaf
Kasasiwasiw:Farangaw 'Amis
Husida
Husida（藤枝部落）
Itiniay i Taoyuan(桃源) Cen no Kaohsiung(高雄) ko Husida a niyaro’, 41  ko sa’osi no parod no loma’, 133 ko sa’osi no tamdaw.
92% ko ka’aloman no Yincomin(原住民), polong han i, 123 ko tamdaw; o roma sato i, 8% ko ka’aloman no roma a finacadan, polong han i,  10 ko tamdaw.
O pa-sin-to(百分比) no ka’aloman no tamdaw no kasafinacadan(族群) i, ko Bunun(布農族)86%, Rukai(魯凱族)5%, Cou(鄒族)1%, Paiwan(排灣族)1%.
Ira ko imeng(六龜分局森濤派出所) i niyaro’.
o kasadakan no lihaf
Kasasiwasiw:Farangaw 'Amis
Parok
thumb|Parok|100px|left
Hamad bin Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa
Hamad bin Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa(伊薩·本·薩勒曼·阿勒哈利法)
thumb|Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa 1998|alt=Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa 1998.jpg
I 1950 a miheca(年) saka 1 folad saka 28 a romi’ad masofoc(出生) ci Hamad bin Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa, malamikomoday a tamdaw.
O Sawara’an no kitakit(國家) no Bahrain(巴林) anini i ci Hamad bin Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa, patirengan a romi’ad i 1999 a miheca saka 3 folad saka 6 a romi’ad.
No papotalay a kakafit
Kasasiwasiw:Pasawalian 'Amis
Fa^soay a tananoman
Takaray a sowal
o kananamay a somowal o mahoping hananay koninian a tananoman.
Tahapinangan a Tilid
Pikafitan i Papotal thumb|right|Fa^soay a tananoman
Lalan
left|200px|thumb|Lalan
Gabon
縮圖|Hata no Kapon kitakit
Kapon kapolongan-kitakit(加彭共和國; Fransu a sowal:République gabonaise ;Gabon）
Takaray a sowal:Ititaay i saka’etipan sifo’ no Afrika a kitakit,isaka’etipan mi’ayaw to Cinoya-Kihaw(幾內亞灣; Ikiris a sowal:Gulf of Guinea; Fransu a sowal:Golfe de Guinée), isaka’amis no saka’etipan o Kunisan-nocikiw Cinoya, ika’amis o Komaylong, sakwalian ato katimol mataliyok no Konko Kapolongan-kitakit. O kakahad no sera ira ko 27 ’ofad km², o tamdaw ira ko 200 ’ofad, o Tatapangan niyaro’ ato sakakaay niyaro’ o Ceyo-Si(自由市 ; Fransu a sowal :Libreville).
Rikisi(歷史)
縮圖|kaitiraan no Kapon kitakit i Afrika
To’asan rikisi(古代歷史)
I’ayaw no kataynian no Yoropa a tamdaw, caay ka hakowa ko kafana’an tona kitakit. I saka 14 sici, satapang ko somowalay to Panto-sowal a tamdaw tayni a maro’. Ikor to no saka 15sici, o misasolapay-tamdaw no Potawya ato mipaliwalay to dafong a tamdaw micomod to a tayni tona pala. Ilawac no riyar malapikali’acaan to koli no Holan, Inkolan ato Fransu. 1839 mihecaan ato 1841 mihecaan patireng to milikowatan a pala ko Fransu.
Isarakatay rikisi(早期歷史)
Nani saka 14 sici satapang maforaw a tayni ko Panto-tamdaw.o sarakatay a tayni tona pala a Yoropa o tamdaw o Potawya tamdaw, pangangan han nangra to ” gabão” kona pala, o imi nona sowal i,matiya o “tataca’edongan no riko’ ’’. O Holan, Inkolan ato Fransu a paliwalay tamdaw itiraay to i saka 16 sici a tayni.
Ma’eco no Fransu(法國占領)
縮圖|Kali'acaan to koli i Sotan Kesomo Itiya i 1839 miheca ato 1841 mihecaan, mapatireng no Fransu to ” papa’adingen a pala ” no Fransu. 1910 miheca malacecay no kalisepatay a malamikotoday Kunisan-Afrika(法屬赤道非洲 ; Fransu a sowal :Afrique Équatoriale Française，簡稱AEF ) ko Kapon. 1960 miheca saka 7 folad saka 15 romi’ad mihayi to ko Frensu to pisiiked no Kapon, tahira to i 1960 miheca saka 8 folad saka 17 romi’ad laheci sato ko pisiiked no Kapon kitakit.
Misiiked (獨立)
縮圖|Haci-Awmar-Pangko tahada'ocay congtong Yo misiiked ko Kapon i 1960 miheca iraay ko tosa a sieci kasafelaw, cowa ka halafing malacecay ko kasasowal nona tosaay kasafelaw hatatosa sa a mipasadak to mamiliko to congtong a sinkiwa. 1968 miheca saka 3 folad, milakal ci Haci-Awmar-Pangko(哈吉·奧馬爾·邦戈;El Hadj Omar Bongo Ondimba) to dengan cecay ko sieci kasafelaw no Kapon kitakit.palasawaden ningra koya itiyaay ho a sieci kasafelaw BDG, misafa’eloh a patireng to Finawlan-kasafelaw no Kapon. I 1973 miheca saka tolofolad, 1979 miheca saka 12 folad ato 1986 miheca saka12 folad a patokitok a malacongtong.
1990 miheca tatiih ko pili’etan mapatongal heca no pilongoc no finawlan to paifaloco’ay a ‘otip. Orasaka, pasela’ sa a matayal ko finawlan ta marawraw. 1990 miheca saka 4 folad mihayi ko Kalomaocan no kitakit to sapisongila’aw a misalof to sieci. 2006 miheca saka12 folad saka 17 romi’ad, misatapang a misinkiw ko Kalomaocan no Finawlan. pakaala to 81 a kiing ko Finawlan-kasafelaw no Kapon to polong 120 a kiing, Finawlan-Lekatep no Kapon fafalo ko kiing, ato roma a kasafelaw 4 ko kiing. 2007 miheca saka 1 folad saka 25 romi’ad, tomireng ko Fa’elohay sifo,patokitok ho ci Lang-Ayie-Entong(Fransu a sowal:Jean Eyeghe Ndong) a malacongli.
2022 miheca saka 6 folad saka 24 romi’ad mikapot to Tata'akay Ikiris a Lekatep.
Kaitiraan(地理)
i Kunis-nocikiw ingata no Sifo’an-Afrika, i lawac no Taysiyo ko Kapon kitakit, o kala’oraday ko kakarayan, mahaop ko 85% no kitakit matahepo no Fa’edtay-Kilakilangan.ira ko toloay a tada masasikeday a palapalaan : dafdaf i lawac no riyar(nani lilis no riyar miliyas to 20~300km), lotolotokan(isaka’amis no sakawalian a Cristal-lotok, isifo’ay a Chaillu-Massif lotolotkan, o pocok nona lotok lboundji ira ko 1575 laya’), ato ikawalyay a matakaray rengorengosan. Ilawac no riyar a dafdaf i o nikowanan no “Kiking-kay i hekal to mamipa’ading to ‘a’adopen” ko kahirahira no killing ato rengos, mahaop ko itiraay sifo’an-Afrika a kahrngangay-kilang(紅樹林; Ikiris a sowal:Mangrove), itiraay i cepo’ no Moni-‘Alo ko saadihayay a molengaw.
O satata’angay a ’alo no Kapon o Awkowi-’Alo, ira ko 1200 km. Itini i Kapon ira ko taolo a Kosto-Tataparan Pala(喀斯特地形或石灰石地形;karst topography), sasemoomo’ot ko kaadihay no dihif, adihay ko kahecalay a ’adicaw(白雲石) ato ci’apolay a fakeloh(石灰岩),o cinganganay i, o Lastoursvil le,Lebamba,Bongolo ato Kessipougou,iraay ho ko adihayay a dihif ko cacay ho ka laheci no tamdaw a misolap.misolapan no masacefangay no kitakit kona dihif sa ira aca ko nitilidan pakayni tona dihif.
O Kapon kitakit o cinganganay i hekal to kaci’icel a midipot to papapalaan. 2002 miheca o congtong no Kapon ci Awmaer-Panko-Awtipa mitketon to sowal aka ka isafaen no 11% ko malakonyin no kitakit, polong ira ko 13 a no kitakitan a konyin, o sakakahaday a konyin no palapalaan itini i hekal, to ikor to i,o kaka’olahan no tamtamdaw a pisalamaan.
Tamdaw(人口)
縮圖|Satahepo pising no Panto tamdaw O tamdaw no Kapon ira ko 150 ‘ofad, sahetoay o to’as no Panto-Finacadan, nikawrira, latek ira ko 40 a finacadan itini i Kapon, oninian a finacadan milekal to nika ira no niyah a sowal ato punka. Sakakaay a finacadan o Fang-tamdaw(芳人;Fang), nikawrira, tona pinapina a mihecaan o Fanciyapi-Nipi finacadan ko ikakakaay ho ko k’'aloman no tamdaw. O roma ira ho ko Myene、Bakota、Eshira、Bapounou ato Okande a finacadan.toninan a kasasiromaroma a finacadan cowa ka hapinang ko kalala’ed no finacadan cowa kahatira to roam a kitakit itini i Afrika a mahapinang.
Cisafaw ko cecay ’ofad ko maro’ay itini a Fransu a tamdaw, o kasasiroma a punka ato pinangan no Fransu talolongay ko pirecep itini i ’orip no tamdaw no Kapon. I 1900 miheca tahira i 1940 mihecaan malowan ko tamdaw no Kapon, saka saan o nani rikisi ato taliyokan, o sasafaay ko ka’aloman no tamdaw itini i Afrika ko Kapon, ora saka tada manikaw to mamatayal a tamdaw, ira ko saka piala to tamdaw no roma a kitakit.
O tamdaw no Kapon sahetoay ko Misakristoay to mitooray to Tinsikiw, latek mahahop ko 55% ko tamdaw no polong no Kapon, o roma i, o pakaso’elinay to Ilisinay-Pitooran, Muslim ato To’asan-Pipakaso’elinan. O mafana’ay to tilid a tamdaw tahiraay aca ko kahaop i 63.2%.
Sapili’etan(經濟)
縮圖|Tatapangan tokay O tadamaanay dafong no pala ira ko kasolin-simal,Yiu-Tadafekeloh, Tada’ekim,Ni, lo,Sin. O losay ira ko Kiyasafa, pawli,tali no lotok, ‘alilay, tali, koko,kofi, deteng ato simal no nanges.
Ano pasasotili’en ato itiniay i Afrika roma a kitakit o idahiay ho ko sapili’etan a kinairaira no Kapon, o lalen a ‘eten no kalotamdaw sepatay ko kasatepian pasasotili’en ato i katimolay no Sahala Afrika.nawhani, ‘adihay ko ‘etan no kaso-simal no itiniay i riyar. Ira ko langiengieay tona kitakit to ‘etan no kalotamdaw cowa ka patelien i sakacomahad no aniniay a ’orip ato sakacidafong a kikay.
O nipasadakan a tadafokeloh a Mon,’eric ato kilang o sakakaay a sapili’etan a dafong ko nini. Caka ka pakafilo to kala’ised ato roma a kitakit,sawad hananay to koya Folangswir(弗朗斯維爾;Fransu a sowal :Franceville) a pikarkaran to Yiu-fokeloh i 2001 miheca. Nikawria, misahalaka ho to sapiliyawaw a mikarkar, o pikarkar to ’Eric-fokeloh misatapangay to i 2012 mihecaan i ka’amis no sakawalian no Makokou tokay.
I saka 90 mihecahecaan matefad ko ‘epoc no Falang-Payso i Afrika, ora saka maroray a patikol to kiyam i roma a kitakit, Fransu ato Hekalay a Kiking no Payso a Lekatep(International Monetary Fund，IMF) mipadang a paini to halafinay-picaliw ato pipadang to sakacomahad no sapili’etan, nikawrira, oninian to a kitakit ato Lekatep ko midemakay to sakafalic no sapili’etan a tayal.
O sakakaay a pipasadakan to dafong a paliwal o Amirika, Conko ato Rosiya, o pipacomodan to dafong a kitakit o Fransu ko sakakaay.
I 2007 miheca saka 12 folad saka 5 romi’ad, Mokentatong(摩根大通集團; Ikiris asowal:JPMorgan Chase & Co) mipadang a paliwal Sapili’etan-Paya no Kapon mo’etep miheca mo’etep ko ok a Amirika Sapili’etan-Paya. Mikapotay ko Kapon to Malacecaay-Rikec no Paliwalay ato misanga’ay to dafong a lekatep no Afrika.
Pacefaday a tilid (註腳)
Kasasiwasiw:Pasawalian 'Amis
Guangfu
Guangfu（光復鄉）
Itini i Hualien(花蓮) ko Guangfu Siyang. sa’osi han ko po:long no palaan i, ira ko 131.63 km² (lalotolotokan a plalan no sa’osi i ira ko 28.44 km², o palaan noto’as i'a:yaw i ira ko 5.67 km²), 10,741 ko tamdaw i Guangfu Siyang, 3,865 ko parod no loma’, itini i niyaro’ a Yincomin(原住民) sa’osi han ira ko 6,982 a tamdaw, pakaala to 65%(Amis) no polong no tamdaw. o Amis ko sa’alomanay i Hualien Siyang.
O kasaniyarona
14 ko cun, 9 ko niyaro’ i Guangfu Siyang. Tafalong（太巴塱部落）, Fata’ an（馬太鞍部落）, Laso‘ay（拉索艾部落）, Alolong（阿囉隆部落）, Sado（砂荖部落）, Kalotong（加里洞部落）, O kakay（烏卡蓋部落）, Atomo（阿陶模部落）, Fahol（馬佛部落）.
Cicala'ay
Cicala'ay（福文部落）
Itiniay i Chishang(池上) Cen no Taitung(台東縣) ko Cicala'ay a niyaro’, 537 ko sa’osi no parod no loma’, 1,368 ko sa’osi no tamdaw.
23% ko ka’aloman no Yincomin(原住民), polong han i, 309 ko tamdaw; o roma sato i, 77% ko ka’aloman no roma a finacadan, polong han i, 1,059 ko tamdaw.
O pa-sin-to(百分比) no ka’aloman no tamdaw no kasafinacadan(族群) i, ko Amis(阿美族)18%, Bunun(布農族)2%, Paiwan(排灣族)1%, roma(其他)1%.
Ira ko kofa(公路局台東工務段池上工務分駐所) i niyaro’.
o kasadakan no lihaf
Kasasiwasiw:Farangaw 'Amis
Hwang Kyo-ahn
Hwang Kyo-ahn(黃教安)
thumb|Hwang Kyo-ahn December 2016|alt=Hwang Kyo-ahn December 2016.jpg
I 1957 a miheca(年) saka 4 folad saka 15 a romi’ad masofoc(出生) ci Hwang Kyo-ahn, malamikomoday a tamdaw.
O Sawara’an no kitakit(國家) no Korea, south(南韓) anini i ci Hwang Kyo-ahn, patirengan a romi’ad i 2016 a miheca saka 12 folad saka 9 a romi’ad.
No papotalay a kakafit
Kasasiwasiw:Pasawalian 'Amis
Hanbizan
Itiniay i Xinyi(信義) Cen no Nantou(南投) ko Hanbizan a niyaro’, 74  ko sa’osi no parod no loma’, 245 ko sa’osi no tamdaw.
64% ko ka’aloman no Yincomin(原住民), polong han i, 158 ko tamdaw; o roma sato i, 36% ko ka’aloman no roma a finacadan, polong han i,  87 ko tamdaw.
o kasadakan no lihaf
Kasasiwasiw:Farangaw 'Amis
Cibarbaran
縮圖|256x256像素|u rusi no sa'ayaway Cibarbaran(主農部落)
Itiniay i Hualien(花蓮) Cen no Hualien(花蓮縣) ko Cibarbaran a niyaro’, 1,593 ko sa’osi no parod no loma’, 4,544 ko sa’osi no tamdaw.
11% ko ka’aloman no Yincomin(原住民), polong han i, 514 ko tamdaw; o roma sato i, 89% ko ka’aloman no roma a finacadan, polong han i, 4,030 ko tamdaw.
O pa-sin-to(百分比) no ka’aloman no tamdaw no kasafinacadan(族群) i, ko Amis(阿美族)9%, Truku(太魯閣族)1%.
Ira ko picodadan(國光商工) i niyaro’.
ira ko tamdaw u sakizaya, pangcah , taiwan(台灣人) ato ngayngay(客家) ato holan(外省人),aluman ko finacaran.
O micidekay kalimelaan i niyaro'（部落特色）
O pahpah no ’icep ko cifarfaran hananay. sa o tason tuwamin ko seraan. sisa caay kapah ko rakat no tamdaw.
O liklik no serayan（地理環境）
dafdaf
O lihaf no pakapalidingay（交通資訊）
pakapaliding
no niyaro' a kasa'etal （部落所屬族群）
’Amis
o pakayraan（宗教信仰）
nano litengan a lisin, Keristokiw
o lalowadan no niyaro'（部落由來）
O palo’ no ’icep ko cifarfaran hananay. Adihayay ko ’icep itini itiya ho, hakaysing hananay no finawlan koya palo’, mansa singangan tona Cifarfaran.
Itiya ho, malacecayay a masaniyaro’ ko Cifarfaran ato Lidaw. Yo misanga’ ko Dipong toya ni’atolan to sapi’ateng to nanom no Cikasoan a ’alo i, itiya a malitosa kona niyaro’ a tatosa. Itiya ho masafanaw kona pala, mararid amilifowas no nanom ’alo, saka malinah ko finawlan no niyaro’ talaLidaw. Tahira to i Lidaw i, ’aloman sa to ko mafolaway a tayni tona niyaro’, o Payrang ko saadihayay.
o kasadakan no lihaf
Kasasiwasiw:Farangaw 'Amis
Ethiopia
縮圖|Hata no Isopiya
Isopiya(衣索比亞聯邦民主共和國)
縮圖|Kaitiraan no Isopiya ; Anhala a sowal : የኢትዮጵያ ፈደራላዊ ዲሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ;Latin a sowal:ye’ītiyop’iya federalawī dīmokirasīyawī rīpebilīki;簡稱衣索比亞,ኢትዮጵያ,ʾĪtyōṗṗyā)o itiraay i “ waa’ no Afrika” (非洲之角;Geeska Afrika;Cice a sowal:የአፍሪካ ቀንድ ; Arapiya a swoal:القرن الأفريقي‎) a citatapnganay salongaoc a kitakit. Isaka’amis ato ka’amis no pasawalian malafiyaw ato Oricoya, isakawali madado’edo ko sera ato Cipoci, Somaliya ato Somalilan¸isaka’etip malafiyaw ato Sotan ato Katimolay-Sotan, I katimol malafiyaw ato Kenya. O tamdaw no Isopiya cilafasay ko 1 ok ko tamdaw, o saadihayay ko tamdaw a karopaw kitakit I hekal, midoe’doay to Nayciliya. O kakahad no sera ira ko 110 ‘ofad km², o syoto ato satata’angay tokay o Atisapipa(阿迪斯阿貝巴; Anhala a sowal:አዲስ አበባ; Roma a tilid:Addis Abäba).
I’ayaw no cecay so’ot ko ‘ofad a mihecaan, itiraay ho i Katelangay-Fakelohan a mihecahecaan iraay to tamdaw a maro’ itini, i ikoray ni Yiso to sakacecay sici iraay to ko kirok payni to sa’ayaway a hontian-kitakit. I sasifo’an-sici Hapisa tamdaw, Anhala tamdaw matatoor a patireng to misakristoay a kitakit. i sa’aya’ayaw ho no saka 19 sici mala’afas a mipecih ko ci’icelay-kitaki to Afrika, ona sa Isopiya yo malalood ato Itali hontian-kitakit mapidah ko Itali, orasaka,o cecay no cowa ka hakowa ka caay ka pecih no ci’icelay-kitakit. materek ko pisiiked no kitakit tahira i pilengay no Mosolini to sakakinatosa lalood no Itali ato Isopiya. Malepon to ko Sakatosa-Lalood no hekal, yo mipolol to kitakit i, milekal to kaira no salongoc mikowan to Orcoya, ora to sakahalafin to toker no Orcoya a milood. 1974 miheca, o kakeridan no sofitay ci Monkosto-Haer-Maliyamo(門格斯圖·海爾·馬里亞姆;Amohala a sowal:መንግስቱ ኃይለ ማርያም) keriden ningra ko sofitay a mifelih ko sifo, mapalasawad ko Saikoray-Hontin ci Hayr-Saylasi Sakacecay (海爾·塞拉西一世; Anhala a sowal:ቀዳማዊ ኃይለ ሥላሴ qädamawi haylä səllasé), o Sofitayan-Sifo milakal to pipatireng to Syakaysyiki-kitakit(社會主義國家) 1990 miheca, o mingataay to Arpaniya a Heca-kasafelaw pakalowid i Lalomaan-Lalood, macakat malamikowanay ko Finawlan-milololay Kasafelaw no Isopiya. ikaleponan to no 2019 miheca, falicen no Finawlan-milololay Kasafelaw no Isopiya ko ngangan to Macomahay-Kasafelaw, patokitok a mikowan, malaheci ko kalawidang ato ya malala’isay a Orcoya. Miliyaw a misakomi ko Macomahay-Kasafelaw adihay to ko kacacoli to kasakakinih to maalay, ora ko lalengatan no Tikoroy-Lalood to cila a mihacaan.
Ngangan no kitakit (國名)
O roma sato, o katelang ngangan no Isopiya o Apisiniya(Abyssinia), sano latingen a tilid o “Ḥbštm ato Ḥbśt” (Ḥabashat) itira i Arapiya o “Ḥabasha” sanay a mafalic, itira i Saypa sowal mafalic to “ 'ḥbs”( 'Aḥbāsh).
Rikisi(歷史)
縮圖|Fasil Ghebbi
Ki'etecay-lalood mihecaan (冷戰時期)
Yo malepon to ko Sakatosa-Lalood, pa’icel sa ko Amirika a mipadang to Isopiya to sakacakataw, cisafaw ko mo’etep to kalatatilidan saki liecay ato sofitay, manga’ay ko sofitay no Amirika a maro’ itini, miocor to komong no sofitay, mipadanga heca to 1.5 ok a payso no Amirika( ano sa’osien makalifataday ko polong sapadang no Amirika i Afrika), sanoyanan sato a makonling ko aniniay a sofitay no Isopiya.
1950 miheca saka 6 folad, malingato ko lalood i Koriya(韓戰;Korean War). O pipanokay to ako sa ko hontia no Isopiya ci Har-Saylasi, ocooren ningra ko sofitay a mikapot tona lalood. 1950 miheca saka 12 folad saka 2 romi’ad, mahayi no Kalomaocan-Linhoko to saka 390 a piketonan tilid, malepon to ko pikowan no Ikiris to Awricoya matateko ato Isopiya,nikawrira, ma’osaw ho no Awricoya ko ikakaay a niyah-pikowan, patinako han o sakowan, sapisawkit, fayfay, kincac ato pilisata.
1962 mihea, palasawaden no honti ko Lomaocan no kitakit, mala o cecay a kowan to ko Awricoya, malengat ko pitoker no finawlan, nanoyanan sa a mala’iring to 30 ko mihecaan. 縮圖|Langdaway-Demak(Green-Movement) 1974 miheca, matatanga to kacahiwan ko miheca, palasawad han no finawlan ko honti ci Har-Saylasi, ira ko pipadang no icowacowaay a tamtamdaw, tona kafodo’an mahapinang no kalokitakit ato tamdaw ko nikarakrak sa ko kowang i Isopiya, ato misateked ko cipaysoay a kitakit to kinairaira, orasaka, matongalmatongal ko kaawa no manikaway a kitakit, onini ko lalengatan no Langdaway-Demak(Green-Movement) i 1980 mihecahecaan.Na oninian ko sakapifalic to ngangan no kitakit to “Isopiya Finawlan-Kapolongan kitakit” i 1989 miheca saka 9 folad,minokay ma’emin ko komong no Solin ato Kupa.
Aniniay miheca(現代)
Ikor to no kahalafin to no lalomaan-lalood no kitakit, i 1991 miheca saka 5 folad saka 28 romi’ad, mafalic ko Monkosto sifo ni Heca-Kasafelaw a mitatoy ko sakowan no Isopiya Finawlan-Milololay sofitat(衣索比亞人民革命民主陣線; Amohala a sowal:የኢትዮጵያ ሕዝቦች አብዮታዊ ዲሞክራሲያዊ ግንባር，Roma a tilid:ye’ītiyop, iya ḥizibochi ābiyotawī dīmokirasīyawī ginibari), ci Milays-Cenawi ko pacarcaray a malacongtong, oya sa Awlicoya a niyah-pikowan a sifo mipatireng tono tekedan a sifo. 1993 miheca, kinatosa ko pacarcaray a sifo, Awricoya niyah pikowan a sifo mitayal to Kapolongan-Pitoa no fimawlan to sapiliyasaw to Isopiya a misiiked. 1994 miheca, misanga’ ko Isopiya to kinpo o Tatapangan-Rikec no kitakit, pahapinangan to niyah-salongoc no finacadan, 1995 miheca saka 8 folad, matalahekal to ko fa’elohay a kinpo, itini to a mifalic to ngangan no kitakit to “Isopiya Patatekoan Finawlan-Kapolongan kitakit”, o malatapangay no sifo ko mikowanay to demak. Ci Milays nani 1995 miheca a malacongli tahira I kapatayan ningra.
1997 miheca, Awlicoya ato Isopiya malali’ang, sanga’ sa tono niyah a payso ko Awricoya, to cila miheca saka 5 folad malingato ko lalood no Awricoya ato Isopiya, 7 ‘ofad ko ko mapatayay nona tosaay kitakit. saikoray to i, I 2000 miheca saka 6 folad materep ko kalalood, kaheci sato ko pisiiked no Awricoya. 縮圖|Api-Ayhamayto Api-Ayhamayto to i saka 21 sici, mariyari ko kofi ato dateng, mahaneknek ho ko sieci, sa adihay ko nipasadakan a paliwal I roma a kitakit.22 tamamacomahad ko Isopiya a kitakit, macakat ko kapolongan a Pili’etan no kitakit(GDP), o pisa’osi no Hekalay-Kinko i 1994 miheca tahira i 2014 miheca macakat to 10.9% to lalen no mihecaan ko Isopiya.
2011 miheca,halafin ta to ko kalalood no “waa’ no Afrika” matongal heca no kedal, ‘aloman ko milaliway tayra i Isopiya a Somaliya a tamdaw, wataay ko karawraw no kitakit, to cila to mihecaan nga’ masaysay kona rawraw.
2014- 2016 miheca,ira ko “ mapolosi no sieli”(聖嬰現象;Sipanya a sowal:El Niño) masasifod ko kafalic no romi’ad to romi’ami’ad, mapatay ko pinaloma no maomahay, itira ko cilacila mikangyi pacoli to sifo ko maomahay tamdaw, patokeled sa a talahekal ko kaa’iring no roma a finacadan.
2018 miheca, o citodongay tono calayan-demak ci Api-Ayhamayto(阿比·阿邁德·阿里; Amohala a sowal:አብይ አህመድ አሊ; Awromo a sowal:Abiyyii Ahimad Alii)maala to sinkiw malacongli, mipalafang tayra i Awricoya, malekal to kalasawad a mala’iring nona tosa a kitakit. matedal to ko pitaker to calayay. Nikawrira, malaliyaw heca ko kalacacoli no Awromo tamdaw ato Kaytoaw yincumin, tona karawrawan mapaci’ci a maforaw ko 140 ‘ofad no Kaytoaw yincumin,ona maforaway o sakakaay tona mihecaan. milekal toko Isopiya to Kacalohan-Rikec, mapasiwar ko kalo’orip no Isopiya, sowal sato ko sifo no Isopiya midemak to sinkiw i 2020 miheca saka 8 folad saka 16 romi’ad, mikapot ko masasiromaay ko harateng a tamdaw tona sinkiw. matatanga’ tona lifong, sa mapanayal tayra i 2021 miheca sak 6 folad saka 9 romi’ad a misinkiw.
Kaitiraan(地理)
縮圖|Takaraway taporo no Isopiya. O kakahad no sera no Isopiya ira ko 1,104,300 km², i laloma’ nonini o tosa no  kalitolo o Isopiya-Takaraway Dafdaf, nani tongroh no riyar ira ko 2500~3000 laya’,itini i Afrika o satakaraway taporo; o takaraw nani tongroh no riyar ira ko 2500~3000 laya’,itini ni Afrika a kitakit malalenay ko ka’akawang no taporo; katimol no sakawali ono Somaliya a taporo; tata’eman no sakawalian Afrika mihifalatay i sasifo’an no Afrika; o kanahikoan ato tafotafokan mahaopay ko 28% no kitakit.Nani 1993 miheca saka 5 folad namisikiked to ko Awricoya, malakaropaway to a kitakit ko Isopiya, o fiyaw i taliyok ira ko Cipoti, Awlicoya, Sotan, Katimolay-Sotan,Keniya ato Somaliya.o syoto tatapangan niyaro’ o Atisapipa(阿迪斯阿貝巴;አዲስ አበባ; Roma a tilid:Addis Abäba), o imi no nini tilid i,o “mangta’ay hana” sanay, o roma sato, o kalalaedan ato Keniya ato Katimolay-Sotan Yiroymi-Co’eco, alamilekal ko Katimolay-Sotan ato Isopiya to kacisakowan a salongoc, anini o Keniya ko mikowanay.
Sowal(語言)
縮圖 Ono sifoan a sowal o Anhala sowal ato Ikiris sowal, o sakakaay sowal no finacadan ira ko Awromo sowal, Tikoroyniya sowal. Do’edoen ko pisa’osi to sowal no finacadan cisafaway ko 90 a misiikeday sowal i Isopiya.
Pitooran(宗教)
O tadahalafinay to ko pitoor no Isopiya tamdaw to misakristoay a pitooran, i sakacecay a sici(naikoran ni Yieso to cecay so’ot a mihecaan) iraay to ko Kristo a matenak itini i saka’amisan ato sasifo’an no Isopiya. O polong no tamdaw no Isopiya anini mahaop ko 62.8% ko mitooray to Kristo(ilalona’ nonini i, mahaop ko 43.5% a tamdaw mitooray to So’elinay-Pitooran no Isopiya, 18.6% o mitooray to Fa’elohay-Kristo, 0.7% o mitooray to Tinsikiw). O Islam a pitooran malatalay a mapatenak itini i Isopiya, ira ko 33.9% ko mitooray to Islam-Pitooran. 2.6% o Cilisinay-Pitooran, o roma ira ko 0.6%. pakitinien i rikisi no Isopiya halafinay to a ira ko yotaya a tamdaw a maro’ itini, o Pita-Israil tamdaw hananay a mitahidang, nikawrira, i 70 mihecahecaan no saka 20 sici maforaway to cangra tayra i Israil a maro’.
Pacefaday a tilid(註腳)
Kasasiwasiw:Pasawalian 'Amis
Faure Gnassingbé
Faure Gnassingbé(福雷·埃索齊姆納·納辛貝,全名：Faure Essozimna Gnassingbé)
thumb|Faure Gnassingbé 2014|alt=Faure Gnassingbé 2014.png
I 1966 a miheca(年) saka 6 folad saka 6 a romi’ad masofoc(出生) ci Faure Gnassingbé, malamikomoday a tamdaw.
O Sawara’an no kitakit(國家) no Togo(多哥) anini i ci Faure Gnassingbé, patirengan a romi’ad i 2005 a miheca saka 5 folad saka 4 a romi’ad.
No papotalay a kakafit
Kasasiwasiw:Pasawalian 'Amis
Kasa’etal no Pangcah
Kasa’etal no Pangcah （南勢阿美）
Makilalima kasa’etal ko Pangcah ira ko ’Amisan a ’etal, Siwkolang a ’etal, Pasawali(東邊) a ’etal, Falangaw(馬蘭地區) a ’etal ato Palidaw a ’etal, onini pisakilac midoedoay to pala ato kahiceraan no kafolaw(遷移) a niyaro’ koni, caayay ko serangawan, o caciyaw, o tatirengan ko pisakilac, mato o sowal noya cifenekay no Dipong ci 伊能嘉矩, “ O sakamatini ko pisakilac, o sakalahoday aca pakafana, caayay pakino tamdawan ko pinengneng, kitini han i pala mihalaka mitayal.”
O matiniay ko pisakilac, sarakat i pinana’ang a tilid i 1899 a miheca(年) ci 伊能嘉矩 ato ci 粟野傳之丞 nisanga’an “ O demak no Pangcah i Taywan.” a codad, ira masowal, “O sakalahoday a pakafana’, sa pacarcar sa makilalima ko kasafinacadan(族群), (1)Palidaw Pangcah. (2)Falangaw Pangcah, (3)Pasawali Pangcah, (4)Siwkolang Pangcah, (5)Cilay Pangcah.”
Nika tahira to i 1914 a miheca, ci fenekay no Dipong(鳥巢) ci 佐山融吉 ni tilidan nangra a codad, pakaynien nangra i serangawan malikatolo ko pisakilac, ira ko ’amis, sasifo’an, satimolan, nika itini sa’amisan ira ho ko micidekay itiniay maro’ i Rinahem, ka’amis no ciyakan a ’alo, oni kamaro’an no ’Amisan a ’etal, pangangan han cangra Pangcah satimolan, ira ko Natawlan, Pokpok, Lidaw tolo a niyaro’. I 1935 a miheca cifenekay no Dipong ci 移川子之藏, 馬淵東一 ato ci 宮本延人 nisanga’an nangra a codad sowal sa, to kinapinaan a miciyosa ko paranaan, miliyaw haca pakipalaen to kasasiroma ko pisakilac nangra, ’Amis a ’etal “O ka’amis, ” Siwkolang a ’etal “ Kaetip no pasawali a lotok tora sasifo’an”,Pasawali a ’etal “ I kawali no pasawali a lotok a sasifoan” Falangaw a ’etal “Nai Madawdaw talatimol tangasa i masadafdafay no Posong”, Palidaw a ’etel “Itini i Palidaw no Pintong” makilalimaay kasa’etal. Tongod to tahira i 1941 a miheca, ci fenekay no Dipong ci 鹿野忠雄 pisakilac nira, palacecay hanira ko nisilsilan no i’ayaway ko pisakilac, ona Pangcah sakilac hanira, Ka’amis o ’Amis a ’etal, sifo’ay marapot ko Siwkolang a ’etal Pasawali a ’etal, timol a ’etal ira ko Falangaw ato Palidaw.
Ano doedoen pakaynien toni a pala ko pisilsil i, o kamaro’an no ’Amisan a ’etal nai sa’amisan i Hopo no Paepo talatimol tahira i ’alo no Rinahem, marapot ko Hopo, Cikaso’an, Rinahem Fakong ato Kalingko Holin. Nawhan matatapal to sa’amisan no Tayan, itira i satimolan ko inain, orasaka satimolan Pangcah han ko pangangan, malikatolo ho kasarayray, no Sakilaya a rayray i tosa ko safaw ko nyaro’, ira ko Sakor, Pawkan, Karoroan, Cirakayay, Ma’ifor, Copo’, Sinsya, Parik, Towapon, Katangka, Kalingan, Paypo. Fanaw, Ci’adetomay
No Cikasowan a rayray i marapot ko Mafowakay, Cikasowan, Fanaw, Ci’adetomay, Rinahem, Ci’alopalay ato Kiko, Saakatolo a rayray i marapot ko Natawran, Pokpok, Lidaw, Tomay, Ciwidian, Dawlik ato Cihafayan.
Nika, ano matinitini paki’etal ko pisilsil i, mapangangan sa makilalima, nika pakayni i serangawan i ira ko caay kalalecad tona laloma’, itini i tapang no rayray, o kafolaw no finacadan a rakat, no kasasiroma ato saka’orip, o pidefon a ’icel no kanatal ato sakatatodong no pala maemin mararangirangi, malasaka- tadamaan no kasa’etal konini. Samanen a mifana’ to ka tadamaan no kasa’etel padefongen itini to nisafaloco’an no finacadan, ta mangaay a mirayray a mikadkad ta mahapinang koni a demak.
Kasasiwasiw:Siwkulang 'Amis
Lalauran
Lalauran（拉勞蘭部落）
Itiniay i Taimali(太麻里) Cen no Taitung(台東縣) ko Lalauran a niyaro’, 60  ko sa’osi no parod no loma’, 151 ko sa’osi no tamdaw.