cyanic-selkie/wikianc huggingface dataset:
Gambia
Kanpiya Kapolongan Kitakit
Mihefalat a romakat ko Kanpiya-’Alo tona kitakit pasitira i Tasiyang-Riyara micomod. 1965 miheca, miliyas to pikowan no Ikiris a misiiked patireng to niyah a kitakit. o polong a tamdaw ira 191 ’ofad (2014 mihecaan a sa’osi), o sasafaay ko kacomahad itini i hekal. 縮圖|kaitiraan no Kanpiya kitakit
Qapedang
o kasadakan no lihaf
Kasasiwasiw:Farangaw 'Amis
Gambia
Ngangan no kitakit (國名)
Ona “Kanpiya” hananay a sowal o nani sowal no Mantinka (kambra/kambaa), o Kanpiya –‘Alo Sanany ko imi ona sowal. Do’edoen ko Sifo’ay-Spay (no Amirika) a nipasadakan a tilid, Midemakay-Lalomaan no kitakit no Amirika, Tawosi-Sinpon a nipasadakan a cicu ato Tahada’ocay-Pangangan Iiknkay no Ikiris, dengan o Kanpiya ko nipacipingan i ka’ayaw no ngangan to “the” (o roma i, Pahama). 1965 miheca misiiked to i, laheci han to ko pangangan to Kanpiya. 1970 mihecaan ikor to pilekal patireng to kapolongan kitakit, o malaheciay a ngangan o Kanpiya Kapolongan Kitakit. 2015 miheca saka 12 folad o I’yaway a congtong no Kanpiya ci Yiehayya-Ciyami (葉海亞·賈梅; Yahya Jammeh), falicen ningra to Kanpiya Islam-kapolongan kitakit. 2017 miheca saka 1 folad saka 29 romi’ad Atama-Palo congtong paloloen ho a mifalic patatikor to Kanpiya Kapolongan-kitakit.
Rikisi (歷史)
縮圖|Ilicapid sakacecay (1558-1603) O cecay a pecih no Kana Hontian-Kitakit (迦納帝國/瓦加杜; Wagadou) ato Sonhay Hontian-Kitakit (桑海帝國; Empire of Songhai ko Kanpiya). O satelangay a kirok ono Arapiya a paliwalay tamdaw i saka 9 sici ato saka 10 sici. Patireng ko paliwalay tamdaw no Arapiya to mihefalatay a lalan i Sahara kanahikoan to sapipaliwalaw to koli, ‘ekim ato pacekis no ‘eco. I saka15 sici maala no Potawaya ko iriyaray a lalan to sapipaliwal, itiya i, o cecay no Mali Hotian-Kitakit ko Kanpiya.
1588 miheca i’ayaw no kalahontian no Potawaya a tamdaw ci Antongniaw, mapa’aca ko mitekeday salongoc a kalali’aca i Kanpiya-‘Alo i Ikiris a paliwalay tamdaw, nani Ilisapay sakacecay ko pipawacay tona kalali’acan. 1618 miheca, honti no Ikiris ci Camusi sakacecay paliwalen ningra i kosi no Ikiris ato Msa’ekimay-Salawacan no riyar (aniniay a Kana kitakit) a katatilidan tona kalali’aca ko sapipawacay.nani 1651 miheca tahira I 1661 miheca ma’aca no wawa no Kurlan hoti ci Yakopo-Kotole ko Kanpiya, malamikowanan no Polan-Litawan Patatekoan kitakit ko Kanpiya. Itiya ho o nikowanan no Polan ko Kurlan.
Nani saikoran no saka 17 sici misatapang tahira i kaleponan no saka 18 sici, cacorocorok sa ko Inkelan ato Fransu a mala’afas to sapikowanaw to sieci ato kali’aca tayal no Kanpiya. 1783 miheca matatilid to Fanersay-Karihaday Kakaketonan (《凡爾賽條約》或《凡爾賽和約》; Fransu a sowal: Traité de Versailles; Ikiris a sowal: Treaty of Versailles) laheci sato ko kamaro’ no Ikiris to Kanpiya kitakit, nikawrira, ma’osaw ho no Fransu ko i saka’amisay lawac no Kanpiya-‘Alo a malala’eday sera (exclave), tahira to i 1857 miheca nga’ pafeli han to i Ikiris. 縮圖|Yahay-Ciyami congtong aci Opama congtong no Amirika Itini i tolo so’ot ko mihecaan a pakariyaray a paliwal to koli, mata’elif ko 3 so’ot ‘ofad a koli nani tiniay i Kanpiya a palowad. 1807 miheca palasawaden no Ikiris Hontian-Kitakit ko kali’aca to koli, itira ko sapitakeraw no Ikiris to kali’aca to koli, nikawrira, cowa ka laheci. 1816 miheca pa’aroen no Ikiris ko sofitay i Pasosto (aniniay a Pancu). Ikora to no nini Layong-tolos a sotok no Ikiris ko mikowanay to Pancu. 1888 miheca palaliyasen ko Kanpiya a misiiked, 1889 miheca malasakowan no Ikiris. Nikawrira,o nili’etanan i Kanpiya caay ko mamalawis ko kaadihay no sakatayal a payso, kinapinapina a pacoli ko Kalisa’otan-Kitakit to sapilowanaw to sakowan ano ca sapipalasawadaw, nikawrira, mitoker ko Riyaran-Sofitay i Cinoya to sapipalasawadaw to kali’aca to koli, sa caay ka piliyas tona Kanpiya. 縮圖|240x240像素|Atama-Paro congtong Iikor no Sakatos-Lalood no Hekal, macaloh to sapisongila’aw to sieci a faco. 1962 miheca a kapolongan sinkiw, mahayi no roma a kitakit ko kalaheci no niyah-pikowan to lalomaan demak. 1965 miheca saka 2 folad saka 18 romi’ad laheci sato ko Kanpiya a misiiked, mapatireng ko Hontian-Rikec a kitakit I laloma no Tata'akay Ikiris a Lekatep (大英國協; Ikiris a sowal: Commonwealth of Nations). I 1970 miheca saka 4 folad saka 24 romi’ad, midemak to Kapolongan-Pitopa to pikaheci a patireng to Kapolongan-Kitakit.i’ayaw no pakakowangay-pifelih no sofitay i 1994 miheca, ci (Sir Dawda Kairaba David Kweissi Jawara) ko malacongtongay, kana’enemay a pararid malacongtong.i 1994 miheca saka 7 folad, patireng to pacarcaray a Mamatayal-Iinkay (The Armed Forces Provisional Ruling Council, AFPRC) mifelih a palasawad to kalacongtong ni Ciyawala, o kakeridan no sofitay ci Tiehaya-Ciyami (Yahya A.J.J. Jammeh) ko malatapangay no kitakit.
Cidal
thumb|Cidal
O cidal/tataparan (太陽/自然景觀)
O kahiceraan no malikatay a fo'is ko cidal (silosi: ), matomes to fa'edet ato cisyak a masamaliay ko tireng, ano lalaten ko sasifo'an i, 1,392,000 km ko kato'edaw.
Gambia
Kaitiraan (地理)
縮圖|Patiyamay i lawac no lalan. Itiraay I saka’etipan no Afrika karopaw, sahetoay o dafdaf no salawacan no Kanpiya-‘alo, masadasdasay ko faco no sera, nani tongroh no riyar ira ko 40-50 laya’. Sato’edaw a ma’ipoc, micomod i Sanikar-kapolongan kitakit. Mihifalat ko rakat nani kawali tara’etip ko Kanpiya-‘Alo, ta micomod i Taysiyang-Riyar. O fa’etay ko kakarayan itini, kodefet ko rakat no nanom, orasak adihay ko malafanaway no fodo’ to kasasiroma no kakarayan, o mamangay a tamina manga’ay a romakat i Kanpiya-‘alo to masaradesay no miheca tahira i kalalaedan no kitakit, i kafodo’an ira ko 5,79 laya ko pirecepan to nanom a tamina tahiraay miso’edac 240 km tangasa i Kontawr.
Cidal
O cidal/tataparan (太陽/自然景觀)
O tataparan a nanengnengan, i ’ayaw no kadademak no tamdaw o iraayto i kasaniyaro’, o iraayto a ceki’ no seray. O tataparan a nanengnengan ato no punka a nengnengan o caayay kalecad a liyad.
Gambia
Tamdaw ato pitooran (人口與宗教)
縮圖|Masakeroay i ilisinan. I 2014 mihecaan a sa’osi ira ko 191 ‘ofad ko tamdaw no Kanpiya. O sakakaay a finacadan ira ko Mantinko-finacadan (mahaop ko 42%), Fola-finacadan (Poer finacadan hananay ho a pangangan, mahaop ko 16%), Wolofo-finacadan (mahaop ko 16%), Cula-finacadan (mahaop ko 10%) ato Saylafuli-finacadan (mahaop ko 9%). Latek ira ko pinapina a patek ko kohecalay tamdaw, o Yoropa ato Lipanen a tamdaw.
Cidal
O cidal/tataparan (太陽/自然景觀)
Nikawrira i 21 sici i, awaay to kilimen ko caayay ho kademak no tamdaw, orasaka latek “O tataparan no nanengnengan ko sakacitodong no ninengnengan ato nai seray a rocek.
Gambia
Tamdaw ato pitooran (人口與宗教)
No sifoan a sowal o Ikiris a sowal, no finacadan a sowal o Mantinko-sowal, Wolofo-sowal, Fola-sowal (Poer-sowal) ato Saylafuli-sowal.
Cidal
O tataparan a nengnengan (自然景觀)
“O tataparan a nengnengan”, sa’ayaw o nipilecad to nicokaan, nisafacoan a ninengnengan ko masapinangay, miingiday to palapalaan a kasasiikeiked. Ci Alisanta, Fon Humpot (1769-1859) pacecay to kafana’en, o latekan a harateng i, makalitosa to tataparan a nanengnengan ato no punka a nanengnengan.
Gambia
Tamdaw ato pitooran (人口與宗教)
Mahaop ko 90% a tamdaw no Kanpiya o mitooray to Islam-Pitooran, o ‘osaw to i,o Fa’elohay-Misakeristoay, tinsikiw ato mita’ongay to maamaan.ira ko 95% a tamdaw no Kanpiya o Muslim, mikapotay ko Kanpiya to Kaloma’ocan-Islam a Lekatep.
Cidal
O tataparan a nengnengan (自然景觀)
1908 miheca, o serakay ci Oto Sulite pacomahad to “o iraay to a ceki’ no seray”
Gambia
Tamdaw ato pitooran (人口與宗教)
O finacadan no Kanpiya awaay ko kalali’ang, o cecay a finacadan ira kono niyah a sowal ato pinangan.19 o Ikiris a sowal kono sifoan a sowal.
Tiftif
thumb|300px|Tiftif Tiftif(口簧琴)
Cidal
O tataparan a nengnengan (自然景觀)
tato’asan a tanengnengan Urlandschaft ato “punka a tanengnengan” Kulturlandschaft a sowal, milifet to sapipakayniaw i serakay, mikiromaay to roma a kakak. I ’ayaway a serakay a midemak to “tato’asan a tanengnengan” a sowal tikol ci Kar, O Saeran 1925 miheca a nikingkiwan a “ O faco no tanengnengan” (The Morphology of Landscape) sanay.
Gambia
Tamdaw ato pitooran (人口與宗教)
Itiyay ho i 1993 miheca a sa’osi ira ko 63% a tamdaw maro’ay i niyaro’, nawhani, matongalmatongal ko kapah miliyas to niyaro’ tayra misatokay a matayal ato mitilid. I 2003 miheca a pisa’osi, adihay to ko mitoro’an no sifo a malataokay, orasaka, samamang sato ko kalala’ed no ‘orip no i tokayay ato i niyaro’ay. O kamaro’ i tokay, halaka no sapipatirengaw to loma’ ato mitoor tono aniniay a ‘orip, fana’ sanay to ko tamdaw no Kanpiya to pinangan ato harateng no ‘epoc no Sa’etipay-kitakit. nikawrira, ono to’asan a pinangan misalimelaay to kapolongan loma’ ato maninaay, riko’ no to’as ato ilisin.
Cidal
sapatinako a tilid (寓言故事)
O kongko no tosaay ko cidal, Iti:yaho, tosa ko cidal a masadak i kakarayan, macacaliw a caay ka pasa^sa' a malikat koya cidal, orasaka, mararid ko kedal, mafadi' ma'akik ko semot ato kilang a ma^min. Mangalay ko tamdaw a mialanan tonini a latiih, pili'en naira ko lalima a ci'icelay a macodahay a kapah, a milood to cidal.
Gambia
Pacefaday a tilid (註腳)
Kasasiwasiw:Pasawalian 'Amis
Cidal
sapatinako a tilid (寓言故事)
Ora sa a papina a kapah,mata'lif naira ko pinapi:na a mihcaan, a makat to raraya'ay a rarakaten naira a lalan, caayho ka rawis naira a mitaos ko kaitiraan noya a cidal, mapatay haca ko cecay naira i fatad no lalan. Orasaka, keton sato caira to malodemak a papipararid a pasia'ayaw a makat ko tatosa, ta o roma a tatosa haw i, papi pacacekosen naira a taloma' a paratoh to malitemohay naira a demak.
Pakatengil ko iniyaro'ay to nanosowal no tatosaay haw i, tongalen naira a miocor ko papina a macodahay a kapah a miso'ayaw toya cidal. Alacinifafa to wawa caira, ci nihawikid haca to hafay ato mami, ato sapaloma, ta palomaen naira i cikaw no fatad no lalan, to sakacaaw ka nikaw to malo kakaenen naira. Saka, makat caira to maraayay a raraya'ay a rarakaten naira, ta mado^do naira ko ia'ayawayto naira a tatosa. Oya sa a tatosa, caayto ka oya a i'ayaway a masakapahayho a ci'icelay ko laleko naira, makedalto a ma'ofadto caira.
Mihaki^mel caira a misi'ayaw to kakatalawan kakalingsesan a rarakaten a pasia'ayaw a makat. Mapatay haca ko papina naira i fatad no lalan, copah sato, tahira to caira i katahiraan naira. Itiya haw i, tato:loto ko fadoc naira, ora a tatolo haw i, oya 'inafaho noya macodahay a kapah iti:yaho, hilam masamato'asayto caira, oya sa a mikeriday i cairaan a mama naira haw i, mapata'yto i:'ayaw aca.
Materong nonini a cecay a pana' koya cidal saka, malowanto ko fa^det no cidal, saci'osaw sai oya safohcal saanay a malikatay a fulad anini, oya sa a maliwasakay nai tireng no cidal a masa'ikai'kayay a remes itiyaho i, maliwasak i tahaf no kakarayan a ma^min, malafo'ifo'isto a ma^min caira.
tahapinangan a tilid(參考資料)
O Amis a finacadan iraay ko "Pacidal" sanay a ngangan no ngasaw.
Cihafayan
Cihafayan（中興部落）
Itiniay i Fenglin(鳳林) Cen no Hualien(花蓮縣) ko Cihafayan a niyaro’, 101 ko sa’osi no parod no loma’, 221 ko sa’osi no tamdaw.
83% ko ka’aloman no Yincomin(原住民), polong han i, 183 ko tamdaw; o roma sato i, 17% ko ka’aloman no roma a finacadan, polong han i,  38 ko tamdaw.
O pa-sin-to(百分比) no ka’aloman no tamdaw no kasafinacadan(族群) i, ko Amis(阿美族)77%, Truku(太魯閣族)1%, Tayal(泰雅族)2%, Bunun(布農族)1%, roma(其他)1%.
Ira ko picodadan(中興國小) i niyaro’.
Damayan
Damayan（大馬遠部落）
Itiniay i Wanrong(萬榮) Cen no Hualien(花蓮縣) ko Damayan a niyaro’, 86  ko sa’osi no parod no loma’, 246 ko sa’osi no tamdaw.
97% ko ka’aloman no Yincomin(原住民), polong han i, 239 ko tamdaw; o roma sato i, 3% ko ka’aloman no roma a finacadan, polong han i,   7 ko tamdaw.
O pa-sin-to(百分比) no ka’aloman no tamdaw no kasafinacadan(族群) i, ko Bunun(布農族)87%, Paiwan(排灣族)2%, roma(其他)8%.
o kasadakan no lihaf
Kasasiwasiw:Farangaw 'Amis
Brunei
Takaray a sowal(概略)
Itiraay i sak’amis no Polo-Karopaw(Malaysiya a swoal:Borneo; Inni a sowal: Kalimantan-Kanatal,加里曼丹島; Kuwaping a sowal:婆羅洲)，o sakatolo ko katata’ang i hekal,o sakakaay ko katata’ang i Aciya, o kakahad no pala i,ira ko 743,330㎢, o Wenlay kitakit ono katimolay no sakawali no Aciya a kitakit. thumb|Kaitiraan no Wenlay (Location Brunei ASEAN) I 1984 miheca saka 1 folad saka 1 romi’ad miliyas to Ikiris a misiiked to niyah-pikowan, do’edoedo sa i saka7 romi’ad toya folad mikapot to「Katimolay no Sakawali no Aciya a Kitakit a Lekatep」(Ikiris a sowal:Association of Southeast Asian Nations; Decdec:ASEAN; Kuwaing a sowal:東盟).
Tada fangcal ko kicai katayalan no Wenlay kitakit, o kasolin-simal ato palapalan-kaso patahtahay ko kaadihay, o nipasadakan a nipaliwal a Kapolongan a Nitayalan a 'Epoc Ilaloma' no kitakit(Gross Domestic Product: GDP) mihaop to 67%, o sakarihaday a sapadang no kitakit tadafancal, o masowalay i hekal ko caka pasata ko tamdaw nona kitakit.
O Silikawang(Bandar Seri Begawan;斯里巴卡旺) ko Siyoto.Katomirengan no kitakit a romi’ad(國家紀念日).Pihiratengan no kitakit a romi’ad i sakatosa 23 a romi’ad.O Sawara’an no kitakit anini i ci Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah(哈吉哈山納·包奇亞·穆伊扎丁·瓦達烏拉), patirengan a romi’ad i 1967 a miheca saka 10 folad saka 5 a romi’ad.
To’asan miheca(早期)
I saka 8 sici iraay to ko tamdaw a maro’ itini, itiya i saka 14 sici, o Wenlay-Sawara’an Kitakit(1368miheca－1888miheca) miliyas to pikowan no Cawwa(Inni a sowal:Jawa; Kuwaping a sowal:爪哇), tahira to i saka 14-16 sici cemahad malasakakaay ko kaci’icel itini ton apala, o mikowanan a pala i, mahaop ko katimol no Filipin, Salawyie ato Sapa, o Yoropa to a tamdaw ko mitekopay tona Sawara’an-Kitakit.
Milalang ko Ikiris(英國干涉)
thumb|The signing of the Treaty of Labuan on 18 December 1846 I 1846 miheca, cifangafang ko Wenlay to mamirocok to Kamaro’an no Sotan, tado sa ko sofitay no Ikiris i Wenlay.[2] Sanoyanan sato a mifafo’ot to maamaan a demak no Wenlay ko Ikiris.
1880 miheca satapang maserer ko ’icel no Wenlay. Ora sato Sotan pecih han to ningra ko sera(aniniay a Salawyie)pafeli ko mipadangay cingranan a miwarayay to fangafang a Ikiris tamdaw ci Cames Poluko Ciesi(Sir James Brooke;占士·布魯克爵士), haien cingra papipatiren to Salawyie Hontian kitakit(Malaysiya a sowal:Kerajaan Sarawak; Ikiris a sowal:Kingdom of Sarawak; Kuwaping a sowal:砂拉越王國). Na ira to kona Hontian kitakit no Ikiris, ci Cames Poluko ato wawa no salakaka ningra sa adihay sato ko micaliwan ato ni’asfasan a sera. O Salawyie(Sarawak) a mikowanay adihay koni pecihan a sera pafeli ci Cames Polukoan.
Mi’eco ko Dipon (日本佔領)
I 1941 miheca saka 12 folad saka 16 romi’ad, naikoran no Dipon a mitefad to salifong i Cinco-Minato( Pearl Harbor) to 8 a romi’ad, micowat ko Dipon to Wenlay. Cecay ’ofad ko Kawakuci-Kumi(川口支隊) sofitay no Dipon nani Cinlanwan-Sofitay Minato no Yienan(越南金蘭灣軍港), macakat i Malayi(Malaya a sowal:Kuala Belait;Kuwaping a sowal:馬來奕）no Wenlay. Tolo a romi’ad ko kalaloodan haemin han to no Dipon a mi’eco ko Wenlay, ’edengan o itiraay i thumb|Pawli-Payso (Malaya-Japanese Occupation-10 Dollars ND ,1944) (Malysiya a sowal:Kuching ; Kuwaoin a sowal:古晉) no Salawyie ko sofitay no Nipatatekoan-Kitakit( Ikiris a sowal:Allies of World War II ;Rosiya a sowal:Антигитлеровская коалиция; Kuwaping a sowal:同盟國), o saka 15 Pancepo-kasarekad sofitay no Ikiris.[3]
Yo maro’ to ko sofitay no Dipon tangsolsol sa a matatilid to kakaketonan-tilid ato Honti no Wenlay ci Sotan Ahamototancutin to pihai to pikowan no Dipon to polong no Wenlay. Oya sato itiraay i Wenlay a Ikiris a tamdaw mapalit no Dipon a maemin i Kucin Patoling-Pipalitan.
Yo pikowanan no Dipon a mihecahecaan, pasiiked han no Dipon ko kapah no Wenlay patayra i Dipon a patitilid, itini i Wenlay satapang a pasifana’ to sowal no Dipon, o malatapangay no sifo caay ka ca ka pinanam to sowal no Dipon.
Oya itiyaay ho a payso toya Pawli-Payso hananay i, mafalic to Malaya ato Poloco sofitayan-payso.
I Ikor no Sakatosa-Lalood no Hekal(第二次世界大戰後)
Yo malaheci sato ko Sakatosa-Lalood no Hekal, mapatireng ko Sakowan no Sofitay no Ikiris, o tapang no Awco ato komuin no matayalay itini tona sakowan.[4] 1946  miheca sala7 folad saka 6 romi’ad patikolen no Sakowan no Sofitay ko sapikowan a ’icel i Wenlay, toya miheca paliyad heca ko Wenla-Pikaikian no kitakit.[5] Oya sato Sakowan no Sofitay sacecay sato to pipalowad to mapelengay a kicai no Wenlay, mipadeng toya niilohan no sofitay no Dipon a Siliya-Kasolin a omah.[6]
1962 miheca saka 12 folad saka 8~17 romi’ad, o cikiharay ato Wenlay-Finawlan Centang(Malaysiya a sowal:Parti Rakyat Brunei, decdec:PRB; Kuwaping a sowal:汶萊人民黨) a Ka’amisay-Kalimantan Sofitay no Finawlan sapifelihaw to Wenlay sifo,nika caay ka laheci.
1971 miheca, ’afasen a patatikol nani Ikiris ko Niyah-Pikowan, 1984 miheca saka 1 folad saka 1 romi’ad malaheci to Misiiked, nikawrira, sanoyanan sanay maro’ i Tata'akay-Ikiris a Lekatep(Commonwealth of Nations;大英國協)
kaitiraan(地理位置)
Itiraay i Poloco kona kitakit,ma’emin ko mihecaan o fa’edetay mado’etay ko kakarayan. O ’emin no kitakit a pala thumb|Yienulong-Kayakay milacalay to riyar(Temburong Bridge construction project Feb 2019 (17)) no Sarawyie, o kawali ato ka’etip a tosa a pecih. Itiya ho milacal tona tosa a pecih i,caay ka capitaelif i Lipang-Syien(Malaysiya a sowal:Limbang; Kuwaping a sowal:林夢縣), yo malaheci to i 2020 miheca ko Yienulong-Kayakay(Malaysiya a sowal:Jambatan Sultan Haji Omar Ali Saifuddien; Kuwaping a sowal:蘇丹哈芝奧瑪阿里賽夫汀跨海大橋) tedac sanay to ko kalalacal no Kawali ato Ka’etip,ona kayakay 30 km ko kato'edaw.
Itini i 4 30 N, 114 40 E, noAsiya ko Brunei.Polong no sekalay i 5,765 sq km saka 173 ko rayray no ngangan. O sekalay no sera i, 5,265 sq km, no nanom a sekalay i, 500 sq km ,polong i 436,620 ko tamdaw.
sera(土地)Masakilac ko sera o malo kakaomahen(農業) a sera 2.5%, Malo no kilakilangan(林業) a sera 71.80%, malo no roma to a sera 25.70%.
Sieci (政治)
O faco no sieci no Wenlay i,o midotocan nani 14 sici oyanan to a tahanini ko Sotan-Hotian sieci faco, o Sotan hananay i, thumb|Mohanmot saka 2 (Gentile Bellini ) o mikomoday to sifo ato kitakit, o tapang no sofitay. Ano ma’eco’ecoay no Ikiris to pinapina a mihecaan mala Nipa’adingan-Sakowan no Ikiris, nikawrira, cowa ka lasawad ko pikowan no Sotan tona kitakit. O faco no sieci no Wenlay i,nani tiraay i no faco no sieci no Ikiris a minanam, makalitoloay ko ’icel no sakowan to Tayal, Misanga’ to Rikec ato Misawkit, anini sato i,teked hananay to no Sotan ko pisanga’ to rikec.
Yo misanga’ to Tatapangan-Rikec no kitakit i 1959 miheca, o citodongay to mamisanga’ to rikec no kitakit o「Majlis Masyuarat Negeri」hananay, o misinkiwan ko mamalakiing. Nikawrira, ikor to no 1962 miheca, caacaay sanay to kapisinkiw. Nawhani, itiya ho milalang ko sifo to Wenlay-Finawlan Centang(Parti Rakyat Brunei, decdec:PRB) milekal to kacalohan-sowal, palopisaken a palasawad ko Misanga’ay to Rikec a Pikaikian. Tahira to i 1970 miheca o polong no kiing no Misanga’ay to Rikec a Pikaikian saheto sato o mitoro’an no Sotan nga’ manga’ay malakiing.
O pi’arawan to hademak no kitakit o Sawara’an-Faco no Malay-Islam, o paro nona faco i,sahetoay o Sowal no Malaya, Punka ato Pinangan, Islam ono kitakit a pitooran,mipatenak to rikec no Islam ato harateng, ’Icel no Honti ko sakakaay, mapatatekoay ko sieci ato pitooran, tatiihay a mifelih to ninian.[7]
Sotan no Wenlay(汶萊蘇丹)
thumb|Aniniay Sotan Hasan Pociya(Sultan of Brunei Hassanal Bolkiah) Do’edo’en ko Tatapangan-Rikec no kitakit tora kinpo hananay i, o Sotan no Wenlay o sawara’an no kitakit, sawara’an no pitooran, mitatoyay to Tayal no Sifo, Misanga’ to Rikec ato Misawkit a ’icel no sakowan.[8] O aniniay a sotan o saka 29 rekad,ci Hasana Pociya(Malasya a sowal:Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu’izzaddin Waddaulah; Kuwaping a sowal:蘇丹哈吉哈山納·包奇亞·穆伊扎丁·瓦達烏拉).
Kasasilsil no sakowan(行政區劃)
O kasasilsil no sakowan no Wenlay i,o syien (Malay a sowal:Daerah; Kuwaping a sowal:縣) ko ikakaay. Ira ko Mola-Sakowan (Malay a sowal:Daerah Brunei Muara;Kuwaping a sowal:摩拉縣), ira ko Malayi-Sakowan (Malay a sowal:Daerah Belait;Kuwaping a sowal:馬來奕縣),ira ko Tongto-Sakowan (Malay a sowal:Daerah Tutong; Kuwaping a sowal:都東縣),ira ho ko Yienwlong-Sakowan (Malay a sowal:Daerah Temburong; Kuwaping a sowal:淡武隆縣).Pasilsil han i la’eno.
Kasasilsil no sakowan:
Kicai(經濟)
O kasolin-simal ato kaso no pala ko sakakaay a dafong nona kitakit,ona kasolin ato kaso a ’etan to cecay a mihecaan no Kapolongan a Nitayalan a 'Epoc no laloma'an no kitakit(Gross Domestic Product;GDP) mahaop ko 90%. thumb|Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin Mosque with the ceremonial ship Tatoor sanaay ato Intonisiya(Inni)ko nipasadakan ato loflof a kasolin ato kaso no pala itini i Katimolay no Saka’etip no Aciya, o sakatosa ko rayray. O cecay no sakakaay ko kacipayso itini i hekal, matatoktokay ko kacipayso ato Sinkapol itini i Katimolay no Saka’etip no Aciya, nikawrira, o Mamala-Cemahaday Kitakit(developing country) ho a kitakit sanay ko pinengneng no kalotamdaw.
I 2015 miheca, o Lalenan- 'Etan no Kalotamdaw (per capita disposable income ,GNI) ira ko 30,932 Amirika-Payso, cowa ka pasata ko kalotamdaw itini tona kitakit.Nikawrira, i 2020 miheca o Lalenan- 'Etan no Kalotamdaw maserer 26,089 Amirika-Payso.
Wenlay-Tosi Kaisiya(Brunei Investment Company) ira ko 9 a Pilafinan no Lafang itira i Amirika, Ikiris,Fransu ato Italy, oya tata’angay ko kacingangan i hekal a Pifoli-Hotilu i Amirika, Lonton-Torcisto(The Dorchester) ato Paris-Yatina Hotilu(Plaza Athenee).
Pitooran (宗教)
O polong a tamdaw no Wenlay mahaop ko 67% o mitooray to Ialam a Muslin, o Sonni-Rekad no Islam pitooran ko thumb|(Muslin lipay i Sauti Arapiya)Supplicating Pilgrim at Masjid Al Haram. Mecca, Saudi Arabia ,[9] nikawrira, oroma a pitooran iraay to i Wenlay. Mahaop ko 13% o mitooray to Fo-Ciyaw(mipaypayay), 10% o misakristaay.[10] o roma a pitooran’edeng 10%. Talacowaan o Islam-Pitooran kono kitakit a pitooran, oroma a pitooran mapa’adingay no rikec ko paiteked to pitooran. Mihaiay ko sifo to cowa kona Islam a lisin, matiya o Kurismas, nikawrira, cowa ka patahtah to salongoc, itini i no kalotamdaw a mipatirengan a pitilidan tatiihay a pasifana’ to roma a pitooran, ono caayay kono Islam a sapasifana’ malalangay.[11]
Itiniay i Wenlay a rikec no Islam ono Sonni-Rekad Safii-Rikec a kasarekarekad.[12] Ona Safii-Kasarekarekad i,o pido’edo’an a misanga’ to rikec no kitakit.
O misakristoay a salikaka ira ko7556 tamdaw[13] o roma a pisa’osi i ira ko 38000 ko tamdaw,[14] toloay ko kamaro’an no Sikyo no Tinsikiw: itira i Slipaciyawan-si, Pailai ato Siliya, alacecay ko sinpo.
Tamdaw ato sowal(人口與語言)
O polong a tamdaw no Wenlay ira ko 41’ofad, ilaloma’ nonini i,ira ko tosa no kalitolo a tamdaw o Malay-Tamdaw, Yuencumin ira ko 6% tamdaw, o sa’alomanay a mamangay finacadan i,o Conko a tamdaw, mahaop ko 15% i polong no kitakit a tamdaw, o Fo-Ciyaw ko pitooran, ira ko papinapina a tamdaw to mitooray to Muslin.12% o roma a finacadan, mahaop ko Into a tamdaw.
No sifoan a sowal i,o Malay-Sowal. O itiniay a tamdaw o Ikiris ato Minan a sowal kalosowal to romi’ami’ad. O nani Fucien ato Kuwntong ko ’alomanay, orasaka, o no wina-sowal cowa ko lalekoan a Kuwaping a sowal, o cilamlamay to Minan ato Ngayngay a sowal.
O tilid i,o Roma-tilid ko sapitilid to Malay a tilid. Oya no to’asan a Cawi-Tilid(Malay a sowal:Jawi; Cawi a tilid:جاوي‎; Kuwaping a sowal:爪夷文), malecad ira ko ’icel malosifoan tilid, cowa to hakowa ko kitakit to kalasowalan ho ko Cawi a tilid.
Tahapinangan a Tilid (參考文獻)
[1] O sowal no Malysiya to「Negara」o kitakit sananay, ora to「Darussalam」o 「rihadayay a kitakit」sanay ko imi, mi paca’emot to tamdaw aka ka toka a mipatireng to rihaday ato kahinaker.
[2] History for Brunei Darussalam 2009，第52頁.
[3] 〈Brunei under the Japanese occupation〉,Rozan Yunos,〈Brunei Times〉,Bandar Seri Begawan,2008年9月29日.
[4] History for Brunei Darussalam 2009，第79頁.
Jianshi
Jianshi（尖石鄉）
Brunei
Tahapinangan a Tilid (參考文獻)
[5] History for Brunei Darussalam 2009，第80頁.
Jianshi
Itini i Hsinchu(新竹) ko Jianshi Siyang. sa’osi han ko po:long no palaan i, ira ko 522.98 km² (lalotolotokan a plalan no sa’osi i ira ko  397.38 km², o palaan noto’as i'a:yaw i ira ko  114.53 km²), 9,456 ko tamdaw i Jianshi Siyang, 2,825 ko parod no loma’, itini i niyaro’ a Yincomin(原住民) sa’osi han ira ko 8,569 a tamdaw, pakaala to 91%(Tayal泰雅族) no polong no tamdaw. o Tayal ko sa’alomanay i Hsinchu.
O kasaniyarona
7 ko cun, 49 ko niyaro’ i Jianshi Siyang. Mkzihing（義興部落）, Mkmatuy（馬胎部落）, Piling（比麟部落）, Paqiy（吹上部落）, Yutak（小錦屏部落）, Kbaqeh（那羅一部落）, Cinbulan（那羅二、三部落）, Kuxan（那羅四部落）, Ageq（那羅五部落）, Micista（那羅六部落）, Mknahuy（拿互伊部落）, Mksuzing（麥樹仁部落）, Mklapay（加拉排部落）, Lkuxan（過水橋部落）, Hbun-Rangay（下水田部落）, Mkslaq（上水田部落）, Qalang-Qwayux（武漢部落）, Hbun-Qramay（煤源部落）, Pololan（福祿灣部落）, Uraw（宇老部落）, Libu（李埔部落）, Llyung（馬里光部落）, Ulay（烏來部落）, Batul（泰平部落）, Ｍami（馬美部落）, Quri（石磊部落）, Plmwan（平論文部落）, Tayax（抬耀部落）, Ponaway（帛納外部落）, Smangus（司馬庫斯部落）, Thyakan（泰崗部落）, Smangus（斯馬庫斯部落）, Cinsbu（鎮西堡部落）, Yuluw（養老部落）, Gowryu（合流部落）, Rahaw（拉號部落）, Cyocuy（鳥嘴部落）, Hbun kramay（煤源中部落）, Hbun-tunan（控溪部落）, Kin lwan（錦路部落）, Qolu（上田埔部落）, Qyuws（下田埔部落）, Hbun-lesa（合汶壘上部落）, Metapay（梅達拜部落）, M’yutak（梅阿尤達克部落）, Mrmurak（梅拉姆拉克部落）, Spwan（司普萬部落）, Melukux（梅魯庫互部落）, Metuiy（梅杜依部落）.
Brunei
Tahapinangan a Tilid (參考文獻)
[7] 文莱国家概况. 中華人民共和國外交部. 2019-01 [2019-05-14].
[8] 文莱国家概况. 中華人民共和國外交部. 2019-01 [2019-05-14].
[9] Brunei. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. [8 May 2011]. （原始內容存檔於2015-07-21）
[10] Brunei. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. [8 May 2011]. （原始內容存檔於2015-07-21）.
[11] Brunei. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. [8 May 2011]. （原始內容存檔於2015-07-21）.
[12] Brunei. emory.edu. Emory. [11 May 2011]. （原始內容存檔於2014-01-15）.
[13] Lien web|url= http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2009/127265.htm%7Ctitre=Brunei%7Cid=%7Csérie=%7Cauteur=Template:Lien|lien auteur=|coauteurs=|date=26 octobre 2009|année=|mois=|site=|éditeur=Département d'État des États-Unis|isbn=|page=|citation=|en ligne le=|consulté le=Template:1er septembre 2010
[14] Lien web|url= https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bx.html%7Ctitre=Brunei%7Cid=%7Csérie=%7Cauteur=The [永久失效連結] World Factbook|lien auteur=|coauteurs=|date=19 aout 2010|année=|mois=|site=|éditeur=CIA|isbn=|page=|citation=|en ligne le=|consulté le=Template:1er septembre 2010
Pikafitan i Papotal(外部連接)
Kasasiwasiw:Pasawalian 'Amis
Abdelaziz Bouteflika
Abdelaziz Bouteflika(阿卜杜勒-阿齊茲·包特夫里卡)
thumb|Bouteflika (Algiers, Feb 2006)|alt=Bouteflika (Algiers, Feb 2006).jpeg
I 1937 a miheca(年) saka 3 folad saka 2 a romi’ad masofoc(出生) ci Abdelaziz Bouteflika, malamikomoday a tamdaw.
O Sawara’an no kitakit(國家) no Algeria(阿爾及利亞) anini i ci Abdelaziz Bouteflika, patirengan a romi’ad i 1999 a miheca(年) saka 4 folad saka 27 a romi’ad.
No papotalay a kakafit
Kasasiwasiw:Pasawalian 'Amis
Damidam
thumb|left|500px|Damidam
Qapuciu
Qapuciu（洽波石部落）
Itiniay i Xinyi Cen no Nantou ko Qapuciu a niyaro’, 105 ko sa’osi no parod no loma’, 321 ko sa’osi no tamdaw.
55% ko ka’aloman no Yincomin, polong han i, 175 ko tamdaw; o roma sato i, 45% ko ka’aloman no roma a finacadan, polong han i, 146 ko tamdaw.
O pa-sin-to(百分比) no ka’aloman no tamdaw no kasafinacadan i, ko Bunun54%, Tayal1%.
o kasadakan no lihaf
Kasasiwasiw:Farangaw 'Amis
Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa
Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa(馬塞洛·雷貝洛·德索薩)
thumb|Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa, Visita de Estado ao México 2017-07-17|alt=Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa, Visita de Estado ao México 2017-07-17.png
I 1948 a miheca(年) saka 12 folad saka 12 a romi’ad masofoc(出生) ci Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa, malamikomoday a tamdaw.
O Sawara’an no kitakit(國家) no Portugal(葡萄牙) anini i ci Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa, patirengan(建立) a romi’ad i 2016 a miheca saka 3 folad saka 9 a romi’ad.
No papotalay a kakafit
Kasasiwasiw:Pasawalian 'Amis
Edid
thumb|Edid|left|400px
Kasasiwasiw:Siwkulang 'Amis
Arciliya
Takaray Sowal (概略)
O Arciliya Finawlan Kapolongan Kitakit (Arapiya sowal: الجمهورية الجزائرية الديمقراطية الشعبية‎‎ al-Jumhūriyya al-Jazāʾiriyya ad-Dīmuqrāṭiyya aš-Šaʿbiyya), kalongangan o Arciliya hananay (Arapiya sowal: الجزائر‎‎ al-Jazāʾir; Arciliya Arapiya sowal: الدزاير‎‎ al-dzāyīr, Holam sowal: 阿爾及利亞). Itiraay i ka’amis no Afrika ko kaitiraan nona kitakit, miingiday to Sifo’an Riyar (Ikiris sowal: Mediterranean Sea), isakawali malafiyaw ato Lipiya ato Tunisiya, ikatimol no sakawalian ato sakatimol matatongod ato Niro, Mali, ato Maolitaniya akitakit, isak’etip malalocok ato Moroko kitakit. O sera no Arciliya o sadadahalay itini i Afrika, ikakaayho no Sifo’an Riyar ato Arapiya a kitakit, o saka 10 ko rayray i hekal.[1]
thumb|O kaying no Popor Finacadan (Algeriangirl)
Itiya ho o namikowanan no Fransu ko Arciliya, i 1962 miheca halafin ka pilood to Fransu, malowid to ko Fransu ’i, Misa’iked to Niyahpikowan. O to’asan a maro’ay itini a yincumin ’i, o Popor tamdaw (Popor sowal: ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ, Roma a tilid: Imaziɣen), ona ngangan tonini i, nani Latin a sowal "barbari", o imi nonini ’i, o "makatary (cowa ho kalatamdaw)" sanany, tahira to i saka 8 sici (世紀) o Arapiya Hontian Kitakit ko mikowanay, sa malaIslam ato malaArpiya, i 16 sici satapang ko Otoman Hontian Kitakit a mikowan tona kitakit, sa macirep no Arapiya punka ato Islam a to’asan punka. Anini sato o i sifoay ko ’icel no kitakit itini i saka’amisay no Afrika, ira ko sapili’etan a pacakay to kinairaira no pala ta macakat ko ‘icel no kitakit, masafangcal ko ‘orip no kalotamdaw. O pihapinang no Linhoko to kacakat no ’orip no tamdamdaw (Ikiris sowal: Human Development Index, kamoko’ tilid: HDI; Holam sowal: 人類發展指數) o satakaraway itini i Afrika Karopaw. O sasarad no kasolin simal no Arciliya o sakatosa ko kaadihay i Afrika, saka 16 i hekal ko kaadihay, o sasarad kaso saka 9 rayray i hekal, o citodongay a mikarkar tona simal ato kaso i, o Arciliya Kasolin Kaisya no kitakit, o satata’angay i Afrika.
O Arciliya inomatini o kapot no Linhoko, Afrika Lekatep, Arapiya Lekatep, Pacakayay to simal a Saopo ato o cecay no patirengay to Arapiya Makalito Lekatep.
O nganagan no kitakit (國名)
O "Arciliya" hananay i, o ni felihan nani Ikiris a pangangan, o tatapangan nona ngangaan i, o nani Tatapangay Tokai (Syoto) Arcir, onini ’i, o sowal no Arapiya to Ciasai（الجزائر‎ al-Jazāʾir), o imi noni i, o "kanatanatal" sanay, o pangangan toya i kihaway a 4 kanatal, iikor tono 1525 miheca ona 4 a kanatal pasado’edo sato to karopaw a malacecay,[2] nikawrira, tahanini o ngangan nona kitakit i, oyanan ho o Ciasai.
No Tato’asan ho Rekad (古代)
Ano no ikoikor a pisa’osi itiya ho i’ayaw no kasofocan ni Yiso to ceay ofad ko mihecaan, itiniay to ko Popor Finacadan a maro’ tona taliyok no Arciliya a palapalan. Iikor tono i’ayaw no cecay a patek mihecan Ciatayki Tamdaw misatapang a patiren I lilis no riyar to sakowan. O Popor thumb|Casitini Honti (Meister von San Vitale in Ravenna) looden (Punika lalood) nangra ko Ciatayki a micowat mi’afas, oya paka’efaay sofitay saci’icelay, sanoyanan sato a sakakahad sa ko mikowanan no Popor Hontian Kitakit. I’ayaw no kasofocan ni Yiso to tosa so’ot miheca, makowan no Roma Hotian Kitakit ko Popor Finacadan, yo matekop sato ko Roma Hotian Kitakit, palaliyaw haca ko Popor Finacadan a masa’ike’iked a patireng to niyah a sakowan, toya a rekad o Wantar Tamdaw (o Sa’etipay Le’erman Finacadan, sano Latin sowal: Germani, sano Toic sowal: Germanen), ko micowatay to roma a pala, o kahalafin no pikowan no Wantar Tamdaw tahira i malaplap no Paycantin Hontian Kitakit a hotnti ci Casitinni Sakacecay (Latin sowal: Justinianus I; Kirisiya sowal: Ιουστινιανός); o tada ngangan ningra i, ci Falawi Potoru Saypatios Casitini (Flavius Petrus Sabbatius Justinianus).
Paycantin Hontian Kitakit mahaop to kaya ma’ecoay no Wantar Tamdaw a pala a mikowan, salongan i saka 7 sici i katomirengan no Arapiya Hontian Kitakit ta mapalasawad ko Paycantin Hontian Kitakit.
Sifo’an Sici ato Ingataay ho Mihecaan (中世紀與近代)
Saka 7 sici misatapang a micomod a tayni ko Arapiya, malingato ko mikitira no finawlan to Islam. Itiya ho mipatirengay ko Popor tamdaw to no niyah Hontian Kitaki, o pirecepan no Islam Pitooran ato Arapiya itiraay i saka 7 sici a misatapang, ititra to ko kafalic no Pitooran ato sowal, masiwar ko pinangan no niyaro’ ato ‘orip no tamdaw, orasaka malarocok to maloficay a punka, paheci to sici ato lekakawa no niyaro’. To ikor to o Arciliya ato taliyokan a sakowan i, polong han to a pangangan to Popor katakitan.
Saka 12 sici, ika’amisay no Afrika a Popor tamdaw patireng to Islam a Moasito Hontian Kitakit (Arapiya sowal: المُوَحِّدون‎ al-Muwaḥḥidūn, Holam sowal: 穆瓦希德王朝) maro’ i Arciliya tangasa i kapatayan ni Moasito i 1236 miheca, mafalic ni Sakatosa a Apo Inan Faris a patireng ko Tolay Mosin kitakit, o sa’ayaway nipatireng no Popor tamdaw a kitakit ko nini. O kaitiraan nona kitakit i, o pitata’elifan no icowacowaay, orasaka kali’eki a macakat ko pili’etan a tayal. Ikor to mafafodfod ko finawlan, sanoyanan sato malikelon ko ‘icel nona kitakit, saikoray to i 1532 miheca, macowat no Aosman Hontian Kitakit.
thumb|Micakay to Kiristo a koli nani Papali kitakit (Purchase of Christian captives from the Barbary States)
Namalacecay no sakowan no Otoman ko Arciliya, mitatoyay ho to niyahpikowan a ’icel. Nani 16.17 sici malikelon ko ’icel nona Otoman Hontian Kitakit, o Sotan kakeridan sato no niyaro’ no Arciliya ko citodongay a mikowan tono niyah a pala, mipa’ekel to minato ato hahor no mi’afasay to dafong i riyar.
Cowaten Malasakowanan no Fransu (法國殖民地)
thumb|Tokor Congtong (Charles de Gaulle-1963)
Nani 1830 miheca patado han a misanga’ ko sician demak halalalengatan a milood to Arciliya, micowat to lilis no riyar no Arciliya, namalaplap ko mikowanay a sotok, satapang to a pasatimol ko picowat no Fransu, sapirecepaw a misiwar to pinangan ato punka no Arciliya ko Fransu, ci’icel a mitoker ko Arciliya to Fransu, tahira to i 1905 miheca hato laheci sanay to ko ha’emin no Fransu a mi’eco to Arciliya.
I kalaloodan no sakatosa lalood no kanatal a ma’emin, midama ko Arciliya to Sa’etipay Lekatep, mipadang to pilood no Fransu to Toic. I 1945 miheca pakalowad ko Malekatepay Kitakit, yo malaheci to ko lalood i, midelih a mipenec ko Congtong no Frasu ci Tokoro to sapiikedawan to niyahpikowan no Arciliya, sapihadefekaw a mipatay to Arciliya tamdaw ci Tokoro congtong no Frasu. (Fransu sowal: Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle; Holam sowal: 夏爾·安德烈·約瑟夫·馬里·戴高樂)
1954 miheca, o sapitedalaw a parahoday to tamdaw no Arciliya a cefang satapapang a mi’adapaw to sofitay no Fransu, 10 ko kalaloodan ato Fransu ta maala ko Niyahpikowan a ‘icel a patireng to Arciliya Finawlan a Kapolongan Kitakit i 1962 miheca.
Misaiked to Niyahpikowan (獨立後)
1965 miheca, mafelih no kakerida no sofitay ci Hoari Pomaytin (Arapiya sowal: هواري بومدين‎, Latin: Houari Boumediène, Holam: 胡阿里·布邁丁) ko sa’ayaway congton (Arapiya sowal: أحمد بن بلّة‎‎; Holam sowal: 艾哈邁德·本·貝拉), nano yanan sato ko pikowan no sofitay to kitakit taha nini. 1990 a mihecahecan, adihay to kono sici a tang masadak to sinkiw, o to’asan ho ko harateng a Islam Tang ko pakaalay to congton, manaay ko sofitay mitoor, itira to ko kalalood i laloma’ no kitakit, ma’edeng ira ko 10 ofad ko mapatayay tona laloma’ay lalood. Cisafaw to 10 mihecan ta kosang sato ko papaa’orip sofitay no Islam, o roma a sofitay no Islam itira i sici ko piloodan nangra, malasifo’ay a kakeridan, to ikor to i, maala nangra ko congtong a ‘icel ato kamaro’an.
I karawrawan to ikor no sinkiw, o Sapitedalaw a Parahoday to Tamdaw no Arciliya a Cefang (FLN) maro’ to i sifo i, hatosa han a milekal to sano Finawaln a Syakaisyuki, ato misiwar to maci’iwiay a pinangan, ta manga’ay ko pisawidang to Yoropa, o sapi’etengaw to katalawan tamdaw safeleng saan a micomod itiya ho i sakatosa lalood no hekal ma’emin, Ka’amisay Lekatep (NATO) a kitakit pafeli to adihayay a salifong, patinako han,
o Toic pafelien ningra ko Arciliya to kika to sapisang’ to Fuchs sinsya no Toic. 2008 miheca saka 11 folad falicen no Lipoin o pikaikian no kitakit ko kinpo ta manga’ay ko aniniay congtong ci Acicu Potofolika palalid a malacongtong, kinacecay aca ko kalacongtongan sa ko pilikec no itiyaay ho kinpo, yo mafalic to i, kinatolo to a pararid mala congtong ci Acicu Potofolika, i 2014 miheca marawraw ho to sinkiw caka pakaso’elin ko finawlan to mahaopay ko 82% a satopa, nikawrira pararid heca to sakakinasepat a malacongtong.[3] Halafin ta to ko kalacongtong, nani 2013 miheca macongfong ci Acicu Potofolika, away to a papising to ‘alomanay. Nikawrira, i 2019 miheca milekal heca to sakararidaw a malacongton ci Acicu Potofolika, cato ka ’emet ko keter no finawlan safereng sato a mikangi (mitoker). O pilalang no finawlan ato tapang no sofitan ci Aihamayto Kito Salahe, lekal sato ci Acicu Potofolika misawad malacongtong.[4]
Palapalaan (地理)
O kaitiraan no Arciliya itiraay i saka’amis no sa’etipan no lislis no riyar. Mahatosaay a picih o ka’amisan ato satimolan: o ka’amisan i, o dafdaf i lilis no riyar ato Atolas Tokotokosan, ililis no riyar i, sa’emel a kala’oraday, ono Sifo’an Riyar a kakarayan; o katimol i, Sahala Atolas Tokkotokosan ato Takaraway Dafdaf, o pacarpacaray a kakarayan. Oya sakatimolan a Sahala Tafotafokan o dadahal i mahaop ko 4 no kalilima no polong a sera no kitakit, ona pala itini i, masadangahay ato takaraway palapalan, o fa’edetay a tafotafokan ko kakarayan itini. O tokatokasan no Arciliya i, tadasi’enaway i kasi’enawan.
Palapalaan liyad (地理分區)
O palapalaan no Arciliya pala sepat liyad:
Lilis no riyar a dasdas (沿海低地區):
thumb|Samoro kilang (Fig fruit) Nani Atolas Tokotokosan pasa’edo’edo tara riyar, tahira i dasdas makalitosa matiya o lofoc, caay ka masadafdafay a lilis no riyar. o dasdas itirni ira ko Oran dasdas, Cilifo Saowac, Arciliya Dafdaf,Piciaya Daspolongen ko dadahal I idas ato Annapa Dasdas. Ona dasdas i mahaop ko 3% aca no polong a sera no kitakit, nikawrira, o fatad no tamdaw no kitakit i, itiniay a maro’, nawhani itiniay a masaopo ko pananoman a omah, cisafaway to 200 ofad ko tamdaw a niyaro’ itiniay ko adihayay.
O dasdas i lilis no riyar cikarapoyay ko sera, o sifo’an a kakarayan ato kaadihay no nanom sa makapah ko pinaloma malofic ko losay. Nano Cilifo ’alo a kasasaowac tada kakahad, nawhani o satata’angay a ’alo no Arciliya konini, o kakaya’ nona ’alo i,640km, o cipas nona ’alo sahetoay nani Tayr tokos. O kakahad nona saowac i, tahiraay to i 30km. I thumb|Heci no Samoro (Figs) i fa’edetay, o fa’edet i saka 7 ato saka 8 folad malalenay i 37.5tu, o ’orad no kalomihecaan 400 konli, tada matatodongay a mipaloma to olif, haherher (samoro) fadisoso’ ato maamaan a pinaloma, mangle ko kanga’ay a mipaloma to fadisoso’ i tofotafokan.
O kakahad no dafdaf a pala no Arciliya ira ko 100 km ko kakaya’ ira ko 20 km ko kakahad, halafinay to a pamatangen soa adihay ko tamdaw itini amaro’. Ona dafdaf i, o Mitika (Mitidja) Dafdaf hananay a pangangan, sahetoay o saowac, o ikawaliay a Piciaya dasdas i o nani Soman (Souman) ’alo kalafaco nonini.
Tayar tokotokosan (台爾山區)
Tayar Atorlas tokotokosan nani sa’etip i Moroko pasiwali a matatongod, tangasa i lilis no Sifo’an Riyar, tona tokotokosan adihay ko masa’etoay a takaraway a dafdaf, adihay aca ko hato ’alopalay ’orad kahenayay malihoc no nanom ko aera. O kasi’enawan tangsa i saka 5 folad ko caay ka filo ko kasi’enaw. O itiraay i lilis no Sifo’an Riyar, o Takapili (Grande Kabylie) hananay a pala i, sahetoay o takaraway dafdaf ira ko 2000m ko ka’akawang nona dafdaf, sahetoay o tonotono’an ato tapolopoloan, orasaka, to mihecahecan nani saka 11 folad tangasa i roma miheca saka 5 folad, patosi’ay ko ‘orad tona fatad no mihecaan. Nikawrira, ’alomanay ko maro’ay tamdaw itini tona tokotokosan, o nipalomaan sa losay caay ka ’edeng malokaka’enen no itiniay maro’ a tamdaw, onini ko sakapiliyas no fainayan tayra tokay a matayal, o roma a tamdaw maraay ko katayran i Fransu matayal sa ira ko sapipanokay a payso halo kaka’enen no iloma’ay.
I kalaloodan no Arciliya ato Fransu i 1954-1062 miheca, lacemcem ko Fransu to misamaomahay a tamdaw, sa polong hanto a milaplap tayra i Takapili Takaraway Dafdaf ta manga’ay ko pipa’ekel tona tamtamdaw.
Syuci Takaraway Dafdaf a pala (秀茲高原區)
Ira ho koroma apangangan to "Takaraway taporo", ila’eday no Tayar Atolas Tokotokosan ato Sahala Atolas Tokotokosan ko kaitiraan non apala. Nani ka’amis no sakawali pasitira i katimol no saka’etip a matatongod, kakahad isaka’etip madiheco isakawali, ma’edeng 1000m ko ka’akawang, caay ka hakowa ko ’orad, kasi’enawan si’enaway a makedalay pala. O malengaway itini i, o Alfa, Sparto (Sparte anoca Esparto) a po’eneray rengos, ona rengos o sapaka’en to kolong ato siri I kasi’enawan a romi’ad. Caay ko sapaka’en aca kona rengos, saadihay han a miritrit a mipawali, sapacakay i romaroma a kitakit o sapisanga’ to fancalay tatipelok, o lamat nona rengos o sapisanga’ to towaso, sikal ato cinaw. O Sparto a rengos i, cecay a laya’ ko ’akawang, ci’icelay to kedal ato cinahcinahan a sera, sa manga’ay ha sapidipot to sera ta caay ka lihiw no ’orad.
Sahala-Atolas Tokotokosan (撒哈拉阿特拉斯山地)
thumb|Piskola Langdaway Pala (City Hall of Biskra) Safaw no 2000m ko ka’akawang nona tokos, manga’ay pisopedan to nanom no ’orad, sa defet ko rengaw no kilang ato rengos i ’apilis no tokos. O nanom no ’orad mirecep i kemod no sota’ masadak to icowa i malanemnem, ira to ko kilang ato rengos a lomengaw, masaopo to ko tamdaw a maro’ itini, oninian i, o "langdaway pala" hananay, o satata’angay i, o Piskola Langdaway Pala, mido’edoay to tokos ko katenak non apala, ira ho ko mamangay Langdaway Pala o Lakowato (Ikiris sowal: Laghwat; Fransu sowal: Laghouat), Fiko (Figuig) ato Pisaer.
O sofal no Arciliya (行政區)
O polong no Arciliya a sofal pecihen mala 58 ko sakowan, 553 ko sofal, 1,541 ko niyaro’. 2019 miheca saka 11 folad saka 26 romi’ad, malaheci a masanga’ no Arciliya sifo ko rikec, oya kakahaday a sakowan i katimol pecihen ho a misamamang, sa citongal to 10 a sakowan.
Sici (政治)
O congtong i, o tapang no kitakit ato kakeridan no sifo, o sinkiw ko kalatapang, 5 miheca ko kinacecay a kalatapang. Do’edo’en ko rikec no kinpo i, ‘edeng kinacecay aca ko kararidan a malatapang, nikawrira, i 2008 miheca saka 11 folad o Fafa’eday ato La’enoay a Lipoin (o pikaikian no kitakit) mapolong a mifalic to kinacecay aca ko kalacongtongan sanay a rokec no kinpo a palalan ta manga’ay ko aniniay congtong ci Acicu Potofolika a pararid malacongtong, sa kinatolo a pararid ci Acici Potofolika a malacongtong.
O ka’ayaway a kamaro’an ko congtong i pikaikian no citodongay a to demak no kitakit ato sakarihaday kaiki no kitakit. O kakeridan no sifo i, o congtong ko mitoro’ay, ona kakeridan ko mitoro’ay to roma a matayalay no citodongay kaiki.
O lipoin no Arciliya tosaay ko kasaiked : o Fafa’eday Kaiki ato La’enay Kaiki, o Fafa’eday Kaiki a Mikaikiay Tamdaw 144 ko tamdaw, o La’enay Kaiki a mikaikiay i, 380 ko tamdaw, 5 mihea ko kararidan a matayal.
O pili’etan a Kicai (經濟)
O tamaanay a sapili’etan no Arciliya i, o kasolin simal ato kaso, mahaop ko 60% a kapolongan ‘etan no kitakit, mahaop ko 30 % no polong a ’etan no kalotamdaw no Arciliya, ato mahaop ko 95 % a ’etan no nipa’acaan i roma kitakit, i 1969 miheca malakapot no Saopo no Mipaliwalay to Kasolin Simal a Kitakit, o sarad no kasoin i saka 14 i polong no hekal.
O kaso (nani palaay lamal a fali) a sarad o sakalima i polong a hekal, sakatosa to pasadakay a pa’aca i roma a kitakit.
O nipalomaan a losay i ira ko muki, fadisoso’, mami’ dateng; o misang’an ira ko kaka’enen, kiradom ato riko’. I 2006 miheca, o polong a ’etan no kitakit (GDP) ira ko o sakatosa ko rayray i Afrika, mitoor i Katimolay Afrika.
Nikawrira, adihay ko tadah (kiyam) no Arciliya, ira ko pipadang no Kokusai Payso Kikinkai (Fransu sowal: Fonds Monétaire International, kamoko’ ay tilid: FMI; Ikiris sowal: International Monetary Fund, kamoko’ ay tilid: IMF; Holam sowal: 國際貨幣基金組織) ato Pari Kulapo to pisongila’ a misalof to faco no kicai, ikor to sangaay sato ko kicai no Arciliya, 2000 miheca ato 2001 miheca, macat ko ‘aca no kasolin ira ho ko pikedec to damak no sifo, mangalef ho kacakat no kanga’ay no kicai, saadihay sato ko ko mina’angan a payso, malowan to ko tadah. Adihay ko kasasiromaroma no kicai demak no sifo a mitongal to katayalan ato pipacakat to ’orip no tamdaw.
2001 miheca matatilid ato Yoropa Lekatep ko Arciliya sifo to sapkeroraw to ‘aca no kali’acaan a mipatongal to kafafalic to dafong.
I 2017 miheca o awaay ko tayal a tamdaw ma’edeng 11.7%[1], toya miheca o mamatayal a tamdaw no Arciliya ma’edeng 1182 ofad.[2]
Tamdaw (人口)
O kasa’isal i fainayan mahaop ko 50.4%, o fafahiyan mahaop ko 49.6%. mahaop ko 90% a tamdaw itiraay i ka’amisan a lilis no riyar, i katimol tafotafokan ma’edeng ira ko 150 ofad, sahetaoay i langdaway pala ko kamaro’an nangra. O saadihay no tamdaw i mitooray to Muslim, mahaop ko 99% no polong tamdaw no kitakit.
Mahaop ko 80% a tamdaw o Arapiya sowal ko hakasasowal, 20% o Popor sowal. O Fransu a sowal matenakay tona kitakit, nikawrira cowa kono sifo a sowal, caay ka ‘aloman ko tamdaw o no inaan sowal ako konini sanay.
O pipahapinang no rayray no remes i, o Arciliya tamdaw sahetoay o teloc no Popor tamdaw, mirecep ko punka no Arapiya, namalemlam to Arpiya a pinangan sa Arapiya sato ko ’orip, sa pangangan to Arapiya-Popor Tamdaw. Itini i Arciliya taha nini iraay ho ko 15% a tamdaw o Popor tamdaw kako sanay, to romi’ami’ad ono Popor sowal ko haka sasowal, sahetoay o maro’ay i Kapiliya (Ikiris sowal:Kabylie; Popor sowal: Tamurt n Yiqbayliyen) a Kapayr tamdaw[3] (Kapayr sowal: Izwawen, Iqbayliyen; Fransu sowal: Kabyles; Popor sowal: amurt n Yiqbayliyen)
Pihapinangan Tilid
[2] Online Etymological Dictionary. Etymonline.com. [2014-07-18].
[3] www.lepoint.fr – 2013-7-16
[5] Unemployment Rate. Central Intelligence Agency. [2020-06-06]. (原始內容存檔於2018-12-24).
[6] Labor Force. Central Intelligence Agency. [2020-06-06]. (原始內容存檔於2018-12-24).
[7] The World Factbook – Africa – Algeria. CIA. [2021-03-20].
Cihak
Cihak（志學部落）
Caracar
thumb|Caracar|left|400px
Cihak
Itiniay i Shoufeng(壽豐) Cen no Hualien(花蓮縣) ko Cihak a niyaro’, 995 ko sa’osi no parod no loma’, 2,905 ko sa’osi no tamdaw.
13% ko ka’aloman no Yincomin(原住民), polong han i, 379 ko tamdaw; o roma sato i, 87% ko ka’aloman no roma a finacadan, polong han i, 2,526 ko tamdaw.
O pa-sin-to(百分比) no ka’aloman no tamdaw no kasafinacadan(族群) i, ko Amis(阿美族)9%, Truku(太魯閣族)1%, Tayal(泰雅族)1%, Bunun(布農族)1%.
Ira ko picodadan(志學國小、志學國小附幼) i niyaro’.
Ira ko imeng(志學派出所) i niyaro’.
Ira ko kofa(志學郵局) i niyaro’.
O niyaro' i Kalinko.
O picodadan ko DonghwaTaise(東華大學) i Cihak.
Jinfeng
Jinfeng（金峰鄉）