cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 54:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Amombi maka ___ wap
Gloss (with missing item): [name] thus ___ be.PST
The English translation of this sentence is:`Amombi was, like, in Rabaul.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Although the \isi{locative verb} p- ‘be’ is unmarked for \isi{tense} and, as such, may be used to refer to either \isi{past} or \isi{present} \isi{time}, there is a weakly \isi{suppletive} form wap ‘be.\textsc{pst}’, which may be used to make explicit reference to \isi{location}s in \isi{past} \isi{time}. Its use in \is{locative predication} locative predicates is illustrated by sentences \REF{ex:pred:44}, \REF{ex:pred:45}, and \REF{ex:pred:46}.
A: word: rabaul	 gloss: [place]
B: word: wopata	 gloss: [place]
C: word: luwa	 gloss: place
D: word: amba	 gloss: mens.house
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 55:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Amombi maka Rabaul ___
Gloss (with missing item): [name] thus [place] ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`Amombi was, like, in Rabaul.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Although the \isi{locative verb} p- ‘be’ is unmarked for \isi{tense} and, as such, may be used to refer to either \isi{past} or \isi{present} \isi{time}, there is a weakly \isi{suppletive} form the morpheme ___ ‘be.\textsc{pst}’, which may be used to make explicit reference to \isi{location}s in \isi{past} \isi{time}. Its use in \is{locative predication} locative predicates is illustrated by sentences \REF{ex:pred:44}, \REF{ex:pred:45}, and \REF{ex:pred:46}.
A: word: ma-na	 gloss: go-IRR
B: word: wapata=p-ta	 gloss: dry=COP-COND
C: word: mbï-wap	 gloss: here-be.PST
D: word: wap	 gloss: be.PST
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 56:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nga=i ma=wap Ramu i ___
Gloss (with missing item): SG.PROX=go.PFV 3SG.OBJ=be.PST [place] go.PFV ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`[He] went there, stayed there, went to the Ramu area and stayed there.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Although the \isi{locative verb} p- ‘be’ is unmarked for \isi{tense} and, as such, may be used to refer to either \isi{past} or \isi{present} \isi{time}, there is a weakly \isi{suppletive} form wap ‘be.\textsc{pst}’, which may be used to make explicit reference to \isi{location}s in \isi{past} \isi{time}. Its use in \is{locative predication} locative predicates is illustrated by sentences \REF{ex:pred:44}, \REF{ex:pred:45}, and \REF{ex:pred:46}.
A: word: ma=wap	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=be.PST
B: word: ma=wap-e	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=be.PST-DEP
C: word: ama-p-ta	 gloss: eat-PFV-COND
D: word: ma=p-na	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=be-IRR
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 57:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Kambaramba wa ambi ma=ita-p ___ ma=wap-e wusim anda=in p-e ambla=asa-p
Gloss (with missing item): [place] village big 3SG.OBJ=build-PFV ___ 3SG.OBJ=be.PST-DEP crocodile SG.DIST=in be{-dep} PL.REFL=hit-PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`[They] built the big village Kambaramba and stayed there. While staying there, they fought one another over the crocodile.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Although the \isi{locative verb} p- ‘be’ is unmarked for \isi{tense} and, as such, may be used to refer to either \isi{past} or \isi{present} \isi{time}, there is a weakly \isi{suppletive} form wap ‘be.\textsc{pst}’, which may be used to make explicit reference to \isi{location}s in \isi{past} \isi{time}. Its use in \is{locative predication} locative predicates is illustrated by sentences \REF{ex:pred:44}, \REF{ex:pred:45}, and \REF{ex:pred:46}.
A: word: ma=wap-e	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=be.PST-DEP
B: word: ta-na	 gloss: say-IRR
C: word: kayta	 gloss: [name]
D: word: ma=wap	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=be.PST
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 58:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Kambaramba wa ambi ma=ita-p ma=wap ___ wusim anda=in p-e ambla=asa-p
Gloss (with missing item): [place] village big 3SG.OBJ=build-PFV 3SG.OBJ=be.PST ___ crocodile SG.DIST=in be{-dep} PL.REFL=hit-PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`[They] built the big village Kambaramba and stayed there. While staying there, they fought one another over the crocodile.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Although the \isi{locative verb} p- ‘be’ is unmarked for \isi{tense} and, as such, may be used to refer to either \isi{past} or \isi{present} \isi{time}, there is a weakly \isi{suppletive} form wap ‘be.\textsc{pst}’, which may be used to make explicit reference to \isi{location}s in \isi{past} \isi{time}. Its use in \is{locative predication} locative predicates is illustrated by sentences \REF{ex:pred:44}, \REF{ex:pred:45}, and \REF{ex:pred:46}.
A: word: tarambi	 gloss: [name]
B: word: ma=wap-e	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=be.PST-DEP
C: word: ma=wap	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=be.PST
D: word: anda=p-e	 gloss: SG.DIST=be{-dep}
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 59:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): anmoka mï apa ___ i
Gloss (with missing item): snake 3SG.SUBJ house ___ go.PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`There was a snake in the house, [but it] left.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As with the form p- ‘be’, the use of the form wap ‘be.\textsc{pst}’ may at times be ambiguous between \isi{locative predication} and \isi{existential predication}, as in \REF{ex:pred:47} and \REF{ex:pred:48}.
A: word: ma=wap-e	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=be.PST-DEP
B: word: ulwa=p-en	 gloss: nothing=COP{-nmlz}
C: word: ma=wap	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=be.PST
D: word: p-e	 gloss: be{-dep}
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 60:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): inim mï awal ini ma=wat ___
Gloss (with missing item): water 3SG.SUBJ yesterday ground 3SG.OBJ=atop ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`There was water on the ground yesterday.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As with the form p- ‘be’, the use of the form the morpheme ___ ‘be.\textsc{pst}’ may at times be ambiguous between \isi{locative predication} and \isi{existential predication}, as in \REF{ex:pred:47} and \REF{ex:pred:48}.
A: word: wapata=p-ta	 gloss: dry=COP-COND
B: word: i-n-e	 gloss: come-PFV-DEP
C: word: wap	 gloss: be.PST
D: word: mbï-wap	 gloss: here-be.PST
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 61:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Kowe mï atuma ___
Gloss (with missing item): [name] 3SG.SUBJ older.brother ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`Kowe was an older brother.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: It is perhaps possible for the \isi{past}-\isi{tense} \isi{locative verb} form the morpheme ___ ‘be.\textsc{pst}’ to be used as a \isi{copula}r verb (i.e., for non-\isi{locative predication}, such as \is{classificatory predication} classificatory, \is{equative predication} equative, or \isi{attributive predication}), but the only examples of this that I have seen come from targeted elicitation and may not be representative of traditional or naturalistic speech. Sentences \REF{ex:pred:49}, \REF{ex:pred:50}, and \REF{ex:pred:51} provide examples of \isi{copula}r uses of the morpheme ___ ‘be.\textsc{pst’}.
A: word: i-e	 gloss: go.PFV-DEP
B: word: mbï-wap	 gloss: here-be.PST
C: word: wap	 gloss: be.PST
D: word: wapata=p-ta	 gloss: dry=COP-COND
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 62:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): itom mï ambi ___
Gloss (with missing item): father 3SG.SUBJ big ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`Father was big.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: It is perhaps possible for the \isi{past}-\isi{tense} \isi{locative verb} form the morpheme ___ ‘be.\textsc{pst}’ to be used as a \isi{copula}r verb (i.e., for non-\isi{locative predication}, such as \is{classificatory predication} classificatory, \is{equative predication} equative, or \isi{attributive predication}), but the only examples of this that I have seen come from targeted elicitation and may not be representative of traditional or naturalistic speech. Sentences \REF{ex:pred:49}, \REF{ex:pred:50}, and \REF{ex:pred:51} provide examples of \isi{copula}r uses of the morpheme ___ ‘be.\textsc{pst’}.
A: word: wap	 gloss: be.PST
B: word: wapata=p-ta	 gloss: dry=COP-COND
C: word: mbï-wap	 gloss: here-be.PST
D: word: ndï=na-nda	 gloss: 3PL=give-IRR
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 63:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Banjiwa mï ankam anma ___ amun tembi=p
Gloss (with missing item): [name] 3SG.SUBJ person good ___ now bad=COP
The English translation of this sentence is:`Banjiwa was a good person, but now he is bad.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: It is perhaps possible for the \isi{past}-\isi{tense} \isi{locative verb} form the morpheme ___ ‘be.\textsc{pst}’ to be used as a \isi{copula}r verb (i.e., for non-\isi{locative predication}, such as \is{classificatory predication} classificatory, \is{equative predication} equative, or \isi{attributive predication}), but the only examples of this that I have seen come from targeted elicitation and may not be representative of traditional or naturalistic speech. Sentences \REF{ex:pred:49}, \REF{ex:pred:50}, and \REF{ex:pred:51} provide examples of \isi{copula}r uses of the morpheme ___ ‘be.\textsc{pst’}.
A: word: wap	 gloss: be.PST
B: word: ma=wap	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=be.PST
C: word: wapata=p-ta	 gloss: dry=COP-COND
D: word: mbï-wap	 gloss: here-be.PST
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 64:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nï ma na ___ ma-n
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG 3SG.OBJ talk ___ go-IPFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`I am going to tell its story.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{imperfective} or \isi{irrealis} form of ma- ‘go’ may be used as an \isi{auxiliary verb} along with an \isi{irrealis} form of a main verb to signal the \isi{future}, nearly paralleling the \ili{English} \isi{periphrastic} \isi{future} construction with going to and an \isi{infinitive}. These Ulwa \isi{future} constructions are illustrated in examples \REF{ex:pred:52} through \REF{ex:pred:56}.
A: word: ta-na	 gloss: say-IRR
B: word: ma=ita-na	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=build-IRR
C: word: p-na	 gloss: be-IRR
D: word: kol-nda	 gloss: split-IRR
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 65:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nï ma na ta-na ___
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG 3SG.OBJ talk say-IRR ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`I am going to tell its story.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{imperfective} or \isi{irrealis} form of ma- ‘go’ may be used as an \isi{auxiliary verb} along with an \isi{irrealis} form of a main verb to signal the \isi{future}, nearly paralleling the \ili{English} \isi{periphrastic} \isi{future} construction with going to and an \isi{infinitive}. These Ulwa \isi{future} constructions are illustrated in examples \REF{ex:pred:52} through \REF{ex:pred:56}.
A: word: ma-n	 gloss: go-IPFV
B: word: p-ta	 gloss: be{-cond}
C: word: ma-nji	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ-POSS
D: word: u-lo-e	 gloss: from-go-IPFV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 66:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): apwanam i-ta wa ___ ma-n-e
Gloss (with missing item): side.of.house go.PFV-COND just ___ go-IPFV-DEP
The English translation of this sentence is:`If [you] go to the side of the house, [you] are just going to stay there.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{imperfective} or \isi{irrealis} form of ma- ‘go’ may be used as an \isi{auxiliary verb} along with an \isi{irrealis} form of a main verb to signal the \isi{future}, nearly paralleling the \ili{English} \isi{periphrastic} \isi{future} construction with going to and an \isi{infinitive}. These Ulwa \isi{future} constructions are illustrated in examples \REF{ex:pred:52} through \REF{ex:pred:56}.
A: word: la-nda	 gloss: eat-IRR
B: word: atuma=p-na	 gloss: older.brother=COP-IRR
C: word: ma=kï-na	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=say-IRR
D: word: ma=p-na	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=be-IRR
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 67:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): apwanam i-ta wa ma=p-na ___
Gloss (with missing item): side.of.house go.PFV-COND just 3SG.OBJ=be-IRR ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`If [you] go to the side of the house, [you] are just going to stay there.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{imperfective} or \isi{irrealis} form of ma- ‘go’ may be used as an \isi{auxiliary verb} along with an \isi{irrealis} form of a main verb to signal the \isi{future}, nearly paralleling the \ili{English} \isi{periphrastic} \isi{future} construction with going to and an \isi{infinitive}. These Ulwa \isi{future} constructions are illustrated in examples \REF{ex:pred:52} through \REF{ex:pred:56}.
A: word: ta-na	 gloss: say-IRR
B: word: na-ma-n-e	 gloss: DETR-go-IPFV-DEP
C: word: ma-n-e	 gloss: go-IPFV-DEP
D: word: ma-n-en	 gloss: go-IPFV-NMLZ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 68:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ndï ma=in ___ ma-n-e
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL 3SG.OBJ=in ___ go-IPFV-DEP
The English translation of this sentence is:`They are going to stay inside it.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples such as \REF{ex:pred:55} and \REF{ex:pred:56}, in which the main verb is the static \isi{locative verb} p- ‘be’, illustrate the purely \isi{temporal} or \isi{modal} use of this verb ma- ‘go’ -- that is, a use without any sense of \isi{motion}. While the \isi{imperfective} form of ma- ‘go’ is most often used in these constructions, it is alternatively possible to use an \isi{irrealis} (or even \isi{conditional}) form of the verb, as shown by \REF{ex:pred:57} and \REF{ex:pred:58}.
A: word: ta-na	 gloss: say-IRR
B: word: p-na	 gloss: be-IRR
C: word: ma=p-na	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=be-IRR
D: word: ulwa=p-en	 gloss: nothing=COP{-nmlz}
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 69:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ndï ma=in p-na ___
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL 3SG.OBJ=in be-IRR ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`They are going to stay inside it.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples such as \REF{ex:pred:55} and \REF{ex:pred:56}, in which the main verb is the static \isi{locative verb} p- ‘be’, illustrate the purely \isi{temporal} or \isi{modal} use of this verb ma- ‘go’ -- that is, a use without any sense of \isi{motion}. While the \isi{imperfective} form of ma- ‘go’ is most often used in these constructions, it is alternatively possible to use an \isi{irrealis} (or even \isi{conditional}) form of the verb, as shown by \REF{ex:pred:57} and \REF{ex:pred:58}.
A: word: ambi=p	 gloss: big=COP
B: word: ma-n-en	 gloss: go-IPFV-NMLZ
C: word: ma-n-e	 gloss: go-IPFV-DEP
D: word: na-ma-n-e	 gloss: DETR-go-IPFV-DEP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 70:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): apwanam i-ta wa ___ ma-n-e
Gloss (with missing item): side.of.house go.PFV-COND just ___ go-IPFV-DEP
The English translation of this sentence is:`If [you] go to the side of the house, [you] are just going to stay there.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples such as \REF{ex:pred:55} and \REF{ex:pred:56}, in which the main verb is the static \isi{locative verb} p- ‘be’, illustrate the purely \isi{temporal} or \isi{modal} use of this verb ma- ‘go’ -- that is, a use without any sense of \isi{motion}. While the \isi{imperfective} form of ma- ‘go’ is most often used in these constructions, it is alternatively possible to use an \isi{irrealis} (or even \isi{conditional}) form of the verb, as shown by \REF{ex:pred:57} and \REF{ex:pred:58}.
A: word: atuma=p-na	 gloss: older.brother=COP-IRR
B: word: ma=p-na	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=be-IRR
C: word: ma=kï-na	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=say-IRR
D: word: yata	 gloss: man
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B