cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 37:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): an ___ inom itom ndï=wana
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL.EXCL ___ mother father 3PL=feel
The English translation of this sentence is:`We listened to our parents.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In \sectref{sec:4.14} it was shown that \isi{compound verb} forms can be constructed with \isi{postposition}al or nominal elements (in additional to at least one verbal component). Some \isi{compound} verbs containing nominal elements can actually be \isi{discontinuous} -- that is, words may intervene between the nominal component and the verbal component, as illustrated by \REF{ex:phrase:55}.
A: word: kïkal	 gloss: ear
B: word: kïkal-wana	 gloss: ear-feel
C: word: ipka	 gloss: before
D: word: ma=ta	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=say
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 38:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): an kïkal inom itom ___
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL.EXCL ear mother father ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`We listened to our parents.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In \sectref{sec:4.14} it was shown that \isi{compound verb} forms can be constructed with \isi{postposition}al or nominal elements (in additional to at least one verbal component). Some \isi{compound} verbs containing nominal elements can actually be \isi{discontinuous} -- that is, words may intervene between the nominal component and the verbal component, as illustrated by \REF{ex:phrase:55}.
A: word: ndï=wana-p	 gloss: 3PL=cook-PFV
B: word: ndï=wana	 gloss: 3PL=feel
C: word: atuma	 gloss: [name]
D: word: ndï=ta	 gloss: 3PL=say
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 39:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): an ___ inom itom ndï=wana
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL.EXCL ___ mother father 3PL=feel
The English translation of this sentence is:`We listened to our parents.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In \REF{ex:phrase:55}, the verb wana- ‘feel, taste, sense, think’ combines with the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ to form the the \isi{compound} the morpheme ___wana- ‘hits gloss ___’, which thus consists of two separable parts. The object of the verb occurs between the two elements the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ and wana- ‘feel’.
A: word: tem=nï	 gloss: time=OBL
B: word: wat	 gloss: atop
C: word: kïkal-wana	 gloss: ear-feel
D: word: kïkal	 gloss: ear
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 40:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): an kïkal inom itom ___
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL.EXCL ear mother father ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`We listened to our parents.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In \REF{ex:phrase:55}, the verb wana- ‘feel, taste, sense, think’ combines with kïkal ‘ear’ to form the the \isi{compound} kïkalwana- ‘hear’, which thus consists of two separable parts. The object of the verb occurs between the two elements kïkal ‘ear’ and wana- ‘feel’.
A: word: ndï=wana-p	 gloss: 3PL=cook-PFV
B: word: ndï=wana	 gloss: 3PL=feel
C: word: ndï=ta	 gloss: 3PL=say
D: word: ma=u-p-e	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=put-PFV-DEP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 41:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nï ___ Raten ndï i-ta
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG ___ [place] 3PL go.PFV-COND
The English translation of this sentence is:`I thought that the Raten people would come.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: It may first be demonstrated how the morpheme ___- ‘its gloss ___’ can function as a verb on its own, with a variety of related meanings, as in \REF{ex:phrase:45}, \REF{ex:phrase:46}, and \REF{ex:phrase:47}.
A: word: ma=wana-e	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=feel-DEP
B: word: wana	 gloss: feel
C: word: kïkal-wana	 gloss: ear-feel
D: word: apwanam	 gloss: side.of.house
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 42:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ankam ___ ma-ambi
Gloss (with missing item): person ___ 3SG.OBJ-TOP
The English translation of this sentence is:`As for the person who tastes it …’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: It may first be demonstrated how wana- ‘feel’ can function as a verb on its own, with a variety of related meanings, as in \REF{ex:phrase:45}, \REF{ex:phrase:46}, and \REF{ex:phrase:47}.
A: word: ma=wana-e	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=feel-DEP
B: word: ma=wana-p	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=cook-PFV
C: word: ma=wana	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=feel
D: word: itom	 gloss: father
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 43:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___
Gloss (with missing item): ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`[She] smelled it.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: It may first be demonstrated how wana- ‘feel’ can function as a verb on its own, with a variety of related meanings, as in \REF{ex:phrase:45}, \REF{ex:phrase:46}, and \REF{ex:phrase:47}.
A: word: ambi	 gloss: big
B: word: ma=wana-p	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=cook-PFV
C: word: ma=wana	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=feel
D: word: ma=wana-ta	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=feel-say
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 44:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nï ___ Raten ndï i-ta
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG ___ [place] 3PL go.PFV-COND
The English translation of this sentence is:`I thought that the Raten people would come.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Thus, the morpheme ___- ‘its gloss ___’ can function either as an \isi{intransitive} verb introducing a clausal complement \REF{ex:phrase:45} or as a \isi{transitive} verb, as in \REF{ex:phrase:46} and \REF{ex:phrase:47}. The form the morpheme ___- ‘its gloss ___’, however, can combine with a nominal element to create a new meaning. For example, sentence \REF{ex:phrase:48} illustrates the noun-plus-verb \isi{compound} nambïtthe morpheme ___- ‘smell’, which here takes as its \isi{direct object} the \isi{pronoun} nï= ‘1\textsc{sg}’.\footnote{The \isi{compound} nambïtthe morpheme ___- ‘smell (\isi{transitive})’ consists of nambït ‘odor’ and the morpheme ___- ‘sense’ (i.e., ‘sense odor’).}
A: word: itom	 gloss: father
B: word: apwanam	 gloss: side.of.house
C: word: kïkal-wana	 gloss: ear-feel
D: word: wana	 gloss: feel
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 45:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ankam ___ ma-ambi
Gloss (with missing item): person ___ 3SG.OBJ-TOP
The English translation of this sentence is:`As for the person who tastes it …’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Thus, wana- ‘feel’ can function either as an \isi{intransitive} verb introducing a clausal complement \REF{ex:phrase:45} or as a \isi{transitive} verb, as in \REF{ex:phrase:46} and \REF{ex:phrase:47}. The form wana- ‘feel’, however, can combine with a nominal element to create a new meaning. For example, sentence \REF{ex:phrase:48} illustrates the noun-plus-verb \isi{compound} nambïtwana- ‘smell’, which here takes as its \isi{direct object} the \isi{pronoun} nï= ‘1\textsc{sg}’.\footnote{The \isi{compound} nambïtwana- ‘smell (\isi{transitive})’ consists of nambït ‘odor’ and wana- ‘sense’ (i.e., ‘sense odor’).}
A: word: ma=wana-p	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=cook-PFV
B: word: ma=wana	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=feel
C: word: ame	 gloss: basket
D: word: ma=wana-e	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=feel-DEP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 46:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___
Gloss (with missing item): ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`[She] smelled it.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Thus, wana- ‘feel’ can function either as an \isi{intransitive} verb introducing a clausal complement \REF{ex:phrase:45} or as a \isi{transitive} verb, as in \REF{ex:phrase:46} and \REF{ex:phrase:47}. The form wana- ‘feel’, however, can combine with a nominal element to create a new meaning. For example, sentence \REF{ex:phrase:48} illustrates the noun-plus-verb \isi{compound} nambïtwana- ‘smell’, which here takes as its \isi{direct object} the \isi{pronoun} nï= ‘1\textsc{sg}’.\footnote{The \isi{compound} nambïtwana- ‘smell (\isi{transitive})’ consists of nambït ‘odor’ and wana- ‘sense’ (i.e., ‘sense odor’).}
A: word: ma=wana-ta	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=feel-say
B: word: ma=wana	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=feel
C: word: ma=andï-m	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=see-PFV
D: word: ma=wana-p	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=cook-PFV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 47:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mï ___ ko an-mbï-u i
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SUBJ ___ just out-here-from go.PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`It smelled me and just went out from there.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Thus, wana- ‘feel’ can function either as an \isi{intransitive} verb introducing a clausal complement \REF{ex:phrase:45} or as a \isi{transitive} verb, as in \REF{ex:phrase:46} and \REF{ex:phrase:47}. The form wana- ‘feel’, however, can combine with a nominal element to create a new meaning. For example, sentence \REF{ex:phrase:48} illustrates the noun-plus-verb \isi{compound} nambïtwana- ‘smell’, which here takes as its \isi{direct object} the \isi{pronoun} nï= ‘1\textsc{sg}’.\footnote{The \isi{compound} nambïtwana- ‘smell (\isi{transitive})’ consists of nambït ‘odor’ and wana- ‘sense’ (i.e., ‘sense odor’).}
A: word: nï=nambït-wana	 gloss: 1SG=odor-feel
B: word: ankam=nï	 gloss: [person=OBL
C: word: ma=nambït-wana	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=odor-feel
D: word: ma=andï-m	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=see-PFV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 48:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mï i ata-i ma=wap ___
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SUBJ go.PFV up-go.PFV 3SG.OBJ=be.PST ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`He went, went up, stayed there, and thought.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The verb inakawana- ‘think’ is a \isi{compound} that contains an entire \isi{postpositional phrase} (including a noun).\footnote{The \isi{compound} inakawana- ‘think’ consists of ina ‘liver [the seat of reason]’, ka ‘at, in, on’, and wana- ‘feel’, (i.e., ‘feel in [one’s] mind’).} Its use is illustrated by examples \REF{ex:phrase:49} and \REF{ex:phrase:50}.
A: word: ambi	 gloss: big
B: word: ina-ka-wana-p	 gloss: liver-at-feel-PFV
C: word: ina-ka-wana	 gloss: liver-at-feel
D: word: unan-ambi	 gloss: 1PL.INCL-TOP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 49:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nï ___ nï un=ul mbï-p-ta
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG ___ 1SG 2PL=with here-be{-cond}
The English translation of this sentence is:`So I thought: if I stay here with you …’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The verb inakawana- ‘think’ is a \isi{compound} that contains an entire \isi{postpositional phrase} (including a noun).\footnote{The \isi{compound} inakawana- ‘think’ consists of ina ‘liver [the seat of reason]’, ka ‘at, in, on’, and wana- ‘feel’, (i.e., ‘feel in [one’s] mind’).} Its use is illustrated by examples \REF{ex:phrase:49} and \REF{ex:phrase:50}.
A: word: ina-ka-wana-p	 gloss: liver-at-feel-PFV
B: word: ina-ka-wana	 gloss: liver-at-feel
C: word: mïnda	 gloss: banana
D: word: nï=ina-ka-wana	 gloss: 1SG=liver-at-feel
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 50:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): atana anda ni-p-e ndï ango ___
Gloss (with missing item): older.sister SG.DIST die-PFV-DEP 3PL NEG ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`When that older sister died, they didn’t think of me.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The verb inakawana- ‘think’ may take as an object the topic about which one thinks \REF{ex:phrase:51}. Here, the object occurs before the entire \isi{compound} (i.e., this is not a \isi{separable verb}).
A: word: ndï=ina-ka-wana	 gloss: 3PL=liver-at-feel
B: word: ma=iya	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=toward
C: word: nï=ina-ka-wana	 gloss: 1SG=liver-at-feel
D: word: ma=ina-ka-wana	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=liver-at-feel
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 51:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ndï ___ ngunan=iya i-ta
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL ___ 1DU.INCL=toward go.PFV-COND
The English translation of this sentence is:`If only they would listen and come to us.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{compound} kïkalwana- ‘hear’, on the other hand, can be separated when it has an object. First, it may be seen that, when there is no object, the nominal element kïkal ‘ear’ occurs immediately before the verbal element. Examples \REF{ex:phrase:52} and \REF{ex:phrase:53} illustrate kïkalwana- ‘hear’ functioning as an \isi{intransitive} verb (meaning something like ‘listen’).
A: word: kïkal-wana	 gloss: ear-feel
B: word: kïkal	 gloss: ear
C: word: wana	 gloss: PROH
D: word: ndï=tumul-ka	 gloss: 3PL=bend-let
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 52:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ango ___
Gloss (with missing item): NEG ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`[They] don’t listen.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{compound} kïkalwana- ‘hear’, on the other hand, can be separated when it has an object. First, it may be seen that, when there is no object, the nominal element kïkal ‘ear’ occurs immediately before the verbal element. Examples \REF{ex:phrase:52} and \REF{ex:phrase:53} illustrate kïkalwana- ‘hear’ functioning as an \isi{intransitive} verb (meaning something like ‘listen’).
A: word: ndï=lï	 gloss: 3PL=put
B: word: tïkli	 gloss: turn
C: word: kïkal-wana	 gloss: ear-feel
D: word: kïkal	 gloss: ear
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 53:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ndï mbï-i nïmal mbï-p-en ndï ___ na ma=wana
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL here-go.PFV river here-be{-nmlz} 3PL ___ talk 3SG.OBJ=feel
The English translation of this sentence is:`Those who came here and stay here at the river would hear the message.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: However, when the morpheme ___wana- ‘hits gloss ___’ is \isi{transitive}, we see that its component parts are separable. The nominal element the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ is separate from the \isi{verb stem} wana- ‘feel’, with the object of the verb occurring between these two parts, as in examples \REF{ex:phrase:54} and \REF{ex:phrase:56}.
A: word: ndï=lumo-p	 gloss: 3PL=put-PFV
B: word: kïkal	 gloss: ear
C: word: kïkal-wana	 gloss: ear-feel
D: word: ma=wana-p	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=cook-PFV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 54:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ndï mbï-i nïmal mbï-p-en ndï kïkal na ___
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL here-go.PFV river here-be{-nmlz} 3PL ear talk ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`Those who came here and stay here at the river would hear the message.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: However, when kïkalwana- ‘hear’ is \isi{transitive}, we see that its component parts are separable. The nominal element kïkal ‘ear’ is separate from the \isi{verb stem} wana- ‘feel’, with the object of the verb occurring between these two parts, as in examples \REF{ex:phrase:54} and \REF{ex:phrase:56}.
A: word: tïkli	 gloss: turn
B: word: ma=wana-ta	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=feel-say
C: word: ma=wana	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=feel
D: word: ma=wana-p	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=cook-PFV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 55:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): u ___ ma=wana-e
Gloss (with missing item): 2SG ___ 3SG.OBJ=feel-DEP
The English translation of this sentence is:`You heard it.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: However, when the morpheme ___wana- ‘hits gloss ___’ is \isi{transitive}, we see that its component parts are separable. The nominal element the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ is separate from the \isi{verb stem} wana- ‘feel’, with the object of the verb occurring between these two parts, as in examples \REF{ex:phrase:54} and \REF{ex:phrase:56}.
A: word: kïkal	 gloss: ear
B: word: uta	 gloss: shell
C: word: wot	 gloss: younger
D: word: kïkal-wana	 gloss: ear-feel
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A