cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 197:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): an-ambi ango uta ___ asa-p
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL.EXCL-TOP NEG bird ___ hit-PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`As for us, we didn’t kill many birds.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: For large countable quantities, the word the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ is used. It patterns for the most part with other modifiers (i.e., \isi{adjective}s). Namely, it can appear after nouns and precede \isi{subject marker}s or \isi{object marker}s. Like other modifiers, it can also serve as a substantive (i.e., as the \isi{head} of a \isi{noun phrase}). That said, there does seem to be a tendency for \isi{object marker}s to be omitted from NPs containing (or consisting exclusively of) the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’. Perhaps this suggests that the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ behaves differently from other modifiers. Alternatively it may simply support the idea that there is a correlation between lack of \isi{object marker}s and lack of \isi{definiteness} (\sectref{sec:7.2}). Sentences \REF{ex:det:211} through \REF{ex:det:214} exemplify the use of the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’.
A: word: tïngïn	 gloss: many
B: word: anjika	 gloss: how.many
C: word: ma=ul	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=with
D: word: tïngïn=p-e	 gloss: many=COP-DEP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 198:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Lucy mï ma-nji ___ kwa kwe ma=won ndï=wat-lï-p
Gloss (with missing item): [name] 3SG.SUBJ 3SG.OBJ-POSS ___ one one 3SG.OBJ=cut 3PL=atop-put-PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`Lucy has six [children].’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Other \isi{periphrases} are possible to express sums larger than its gloss ___. In example \REF{ex:det:219} the speaker uses forms similar to those in \REF{ex:det:215}, but with the alternative form of the word for ‘one’; in example \REF{ex:det:220}, however, instead of using the \isi{metaphor} of ‘cutting’, the speaker uses the \isi{metaphor} of numbers being ‘thrown’ atop each other (i.e., ‘added’).
A: word: tïnanga	 gloss: arise
B: word: nga=tï-n	 gloss: SG.PROX=take-PFV
C: word: angay	 gloss: five
D: word: watangïnila	 gloss: four
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 199:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Lucy mï ma-nji angay ___ kwe ma=won ndï=wat-lï-p
Gloss (with missing item): [name] 3SG.SUBJ 3SG.OBJ-POSS five ___ one 3SG.OBJ=cut 3PL=atop-put-PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`Lucy has six [children].’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Other \isi{periphrases} are possible to express sums larger than five. In example \REF{ex:det:219} the speaker uses forms similar to those in \REF{ex:det:215}, but with the alternative form of the word for ‘its gloss ___’; in example \REF{ex:det:220}, however, instead of using the \isi{metaphor} of ‘cutting’, the speaker uses the \isi{metaphor} of numbers being ‘thrown’ atop each other (i.e., ‘added’).
A: word: ma=ita-e	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=build-IPFV
B: word: kwa	 gloss: one
C: word: kekaka	 gloss: one.each
D: word: kwa-nji	 gloss: one{-poss}
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 200:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Lucy mï ma-nji angay kwa ___ ma=won ndï=wat-lï-p
Gloss (with missing item): [name] 3SG.SUBJ 3SG.OBJ-POSS five one ___ 3SG.OBJ=cut 3PL=atop-put-PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`Lucy has six [children].’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Other \isi{periphrases} are possible to express sums larger than five. In example \REF{ex:det:219} the speaker uses forms similar to those in \REF{ex:det:215}, but with the alternative form of the word for ‘its gloss ___’; in example \REF{ex:det:220}, however, instead of using the \isi{metaphor} of ‘cutting’, the speaker uses the \isi{metaphor} of numbers being ‘thrown’ atop each other (i.e., ‘added’).
A: word: ma=wana-p	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=cook-PFV
B: word: kekaka	 gloss: one.each
C: word: kwa	 gloss: one
D: word: kwe	 gloss: one
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 201:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Lucy mï ma-nji angay kwa kwe ___ ndï=wat-lï-p
Gloss (with missing item): [name] 3SG.SUBJ 3SG.OBJ-POSS five one one ___ 3PL=atop-put-PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`Lucy has six [children].’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Other \isi{periphrases} are possible to express sums larger than five. In example \REF{ex:det:219} the speaker uses forms similar to those in \REF{ex:det:215}, but with the alternative form of the word for ‘one’; in example \REF{ex:det:220}, however, instead of using the \isi{metaphor} of ‘cutting’, the speaker uses the \isi{metaphor} of numbers being ‘thrown’ atop each other (i.e., ‘added’).
A: word: ma=lo-nda	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=cut-IRR
B: word: ndï	 gloss: 3PL
C: word: ma=won-p	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=cut-PFV
D: word: ma=won	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=cut
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 202:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Lucy mï ma-nji angay kwa kwe ma=won ___
Gloss (with missing item): [name] 3SG.SUBJ 3SG.OBJ-POSS five one one 3SG.OBJ=cut ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`Lucy has six [children].’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Other \isi{periphrases} are possible to express sums larger than five. In example \REF{ex:det:219} the speaker uses forms similar to those in \REF{ex:det:215}, but with the alternative form of the word for ‘one’; in example \REF{ex:det:220}, however, instead of using the \isi{metaphor} of ‘cutting’, the speaker uses the \isi{metaphor} of numbers being ‘thrown’ atop each other (i.e., ‘added’).
A: word: nga=asa	 gloss: SG.PROX=hit
B: word: ni-e	 gloss: act-IPFV
C: word: ndï=wat-lï-p-e	 gloss: 3PL=atop-put-PFV-DEP
D: word: ndï=wat-lï-p	 gloss: 3PL=atop-put-PFV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 203:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nï nï-nji tawatïp ___ kwe nini top ndï=wat-lï-p
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG 1SG-POSS child ___ one two throw 3PL=atop-put-PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I have seven children.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Other \isi{periphrases} are possible to express sums larger than its gloss ___. In example \REF{ex:det:219} the speaker uses forms similar to those in \REF{ex:det:215}, but with the alternative form of the word for ‘one’; in example \REF{ex:det:220}, however, instead of using the \isi{metaphor} of ‘cutting’, the speaker uses the \isi{metaphor} of numbers being ‘thrown’ atop each other (i.e., ‘added’).
A: word: tïnanga	 gloss: arise
B: word: angay	 gloss: five
C: word: nga=tï-n	 gloss: SG.PROX=take-PFV
D: word: watangïnila	 gloss: four
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 204:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nï nï-nji tawatïp angay ___ nini top ndï=wat-lï-p
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG 1SG-POSS child five ___ two throw 3PL=atop-put-PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I have seven children.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Other \isi{periphrases} are possible to express sums larger than five. In example \REF{ex:det:219} the speaker uses forms similar to those in \REF{ex:det:215}, but with the alternative form of the word for ‘its gloss ___’; in example \REF{ex:det:220}, however, instead of using the \isi{metaphor} of ‘cutting’, the speaker uses the \isi{metaphor} of numbers being ‘thrown’ atop each other (i.e., ‘added’).
A: word: kwa	 gloss: one
B: word: nï-nji	 gloss: 1SG-POSS
C: word: kekaka	 gloss: one.each
D: word: kwe	 gloss: one
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 205:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nï nï-nji tawatïp angay kwe ___ top ndï=wat-lï-p
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG 1SG-POSS child five one ___ throw 3PL=atop-put-PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I have seven children.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Other \isi{periphrases} are possible to express sums larger than five. In example \REF{ex:det:219} the speaker uses forms similar to those in \REF{ex:det:215}, but with the alternative form of the word for ‘one’; in example \REF{ex:det:220}, however, instead of using the \isi{metaphor} of ‘cutting’, the speaker uses the \isi{metaphor} of numbers being ‘thrown’ atop each other (i.e., ‘added’).
A: word: nini	 gloss: two
B: word: ma=tï-na	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=take-IRR
C: word: (nini)	 gloss: (two)
D: word: ala=wopa	 gloss: PL.DIST=all
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 206:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nï nï-nji tawatïp angay kwe nini ___ ndï=wat-lï-p
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG 1SG-POSS child five one two ___ 3PL=atop-put-PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I have seven children.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Other \isi{periphrases} are possible to express sums larger than five. In example \REF{ex:det:219} the speaker uses forms similar to those in \REF{ex:det:215}, but with the alternative form of the word for ‘one’; in example \REF{ex:det:220}, however, instead of using the \isi{metaphor} of ‘cutting’, the speaker uses the \isi{metaphor} of numbers being ‘its gloss ___n’ athe morpheme ___ each other (i.e., ‘added’).
A: word: ma=mune	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=throw
B: word: nga=ala	 gloss: SG.PROX=see
C: word: top-lï-p-e	 gloss: throw-put-PFV-DEP
D: word: top	 gloss: throw
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 207:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nï nï-nji tawatïp angay kwe nini top ___
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG 1SG-POSS child five one two throw ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I have seven children.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Other \isi{periphrases} are possible to express sums larger than five. In example \REF{ex:det:219} the speaker uses forms similar to those in \REF{ex:det:215}, but with the alternative form of the word for ‘one’; in example \REF{ex:det:220}, however, instead of using the \isi{metaphor} of ‘cutting’, the speaker uses the \isi{metaphor} of numbers being ‘thrown’ atop each other (i.e., ‘added’).
A: word: ndï=nïkï-p	 gloss: 3PL=dig-PFV
B: word: ndï=wat-lï-p-e	 gloss: 3PL=atop-put-PFV-DEP
C: word: ambla-nji	 gloss: PL.REFL-POSS
D: word: ndï=wat-lï-p	 gloss: 3PL=atop-put-PFV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 208:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tïn ___ utam ma=ama-p
Gloss (with missing item): dog ___ yam 3SG.OBJ=eat-PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`Two dogs ate the yam.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: When modifying \isi{noun phrase}s, \isi{cardinal numeral}s occur in the same position as (other) \isi{adjective}s -- that is, immediately following the \isi{noun phrase}. Numerals can modify either subjects or objects; in subject NPs, the \isi{subject marker} is somewhat unnecessary (at least in terms of it serving its common function of indexing \isi{number} -- \isi{singular}, \isi{dual}, or \isi{plural}), and it is thus often omitted, as in \REF{ex:det:221} and \REF{ex:det:222}.
A: word: wala	 gloss: far.off
B: word: lele=p	 gloss: three=COP
C: word: nini	 gloss: two
D: word: (nini)	 gloss: (two)
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 209:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tïn ___ utam ma=ama-p
Gloss (with missing item): dog ___ yam 3SG.OBJ=eat-PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`Three dogs ate the yam.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: When modifying \isi{noun phrase}s, \isi{cardinal numeral}s occur in the same position as (other) \isi{adjective}s -- that is, immediately following the \isi{noun phrase}. Numerals can modify either subjects or objects; in subject NPs, the \isi{subject marker} is somewhat unnecessary (at least in terms of it serving its common function of indexing \isi{number} -- \isi{singular}, \isi{dual}, or \isi{plural}), and it is thus often omitted, as in \REF{ex:det:221} and \REF{ex:det:222}.
A: word: ma=in-klop	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=in-cross
B: word: lele	 gloss: three
C: word: (lele)	 gloss: (three)
D: word: ala-nji	 gloss: PL.DIST{-poss}
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 210:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tïn ___ awal wandam i
Gloss (with missing item): dog ___ yesterday jungle go.PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`Two dogs went to the jungle yesterday.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Numerals are not often used to indicate the \isi{number} of referents in a subject, however. Indeed, the ubiquitous \isi{subject marker}s often offer clues to the quantity of multiple referents in a subject NP, especially when the \isi{number} of referents is exactly two, as in example \REF{ex:det:223}, which may be contrasted with example \REF{ex:det:224}, in which the \isi{number} of referents is more than two.
A: word: min	 gloss: 3DU
B: word: nga=tï-n	 gloss: SG.PROX=take-PFV
C: word: ndin	 gloss: 3DU?
D: word: min=n	 gloss: 3DU=OBL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 211:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tïn ___ awal wandam i
Gloss (with missing item): dog ___ yesterday jungle go.PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`[Three or more] dogs went to the jungle yesterday.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Numerals are not often used to indicate the \isi{number} of referents in a subject, however. Indeed, the ubiquitous \isi{subject marker}s often offer clues to the quantity of multiple referents in a subject NP, especially when the \isi{number} of referents is exactly two, as in example \REF{ex:det:223}, which may be contrasted with example \REF{ex:det:224}, in which the \isi{number} of referents is more than two.
A: word: (ndï)	 gloss: (3PL)
B: word: ndï	 gloss: 3PL
C: word: nga-nji	 gloss: SG.PROX-POSS
D: word: ndï=la-nda	 gloss: 3PL=eat{-irr}
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 212:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ma-nji nungol ___ min ndï=lo-p-e
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.OBJ-POSS child ___ 3DU 3PL=go-PFV-DEP
The English translation of this sentence is:`His two sons went around in them [= jungle areas].’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Despite the redundancy, it is, however, possible for the \isi{dual} \isi{subject marker} to appear alongside the \isi{numeral} the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ \REF{ex:det:225}.
A: word: keka	 gloss: completely
B: word: (nini)	 gloss: (two)
C: word: nga=ala	 gloss: SG.PROX=see
D: word: nini	 gloss: two
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 213:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ma-nji nungol nini ___ ndï=lo-p-e
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.OBJ-POSS child two ___ 3PL=go-PFV-DEP
The English translation of this sentence is:`His two sons went around in them [= jungle areas].’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Despite the redundancy, it is, however, possible for the \isi{dual} \isi{subject marker} to appear alongside the \isi{numeral} nini ‘two’ \REF{ex:det:225}.
A: word: ndin	 gloss: 3DU?
B: word: anganika	 gloss: after
C: word: min	 gloss: 3DU
D: word: min=n	 gloss: 3DU=OBL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 214:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tïn mï mïnda ___ min=ama-p
Gloss (with missing item): dog 3SG.SUBJ banana ___ 3DU=eat-PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`The dog ate two bananas.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: When modifying object NPs, the \isi{numeral} (again, not commonly used in discourse), also appears immediately following the NP, as in \REF{ex:det:226} and \REF{ex:det:227}.
A: word: nini	 gloss: two
B: word: ma=tï	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=take
C: word: nga=wat	 gloss: SG.PROX=atop
D: word: (nini)	 gloss: (two)
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 215:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tïn mï mïnda ___ ndï=ama-p
Gloss (with missing item): dog 3SG.SUBJ banana ___ 3PL=eat-PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`The dog ate (three) bananas.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: When modifying object NPs, the \isi{numeral} (again, not commonly used in discourse), also appears immediately following the NP, as in \REF{ex:det:226} and \REF{ex:det:227}.
A: word: ambi	 gloss: big
B: word: (lele)	 gloss: (three)
C: word: ndï-we	 gloss: 3PL-PART.INT
D: word: lele	 gloss: three
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B