cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 69:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nï kwa ___ ni-e
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG one ___ act-IPFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`I was making one [= an armband].’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Although etymologically related to the form kwa ‘one’, the definite numerical sense of ‘one’ is generally not felt in the \isi{object marker}. Rather, to give the sense of ‘(exactly) one’, the \isi{numeral} itself is used, followed by a 3\textsc{sg} marker, as in examples \REF{ex:det:66}, \REF{ex:det:67}, and \REF{ex:det:68}.
A: word: ma=ul	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=with
B: word: ala=ul	 gloss: PL.DIST=with
C: word: ndï=nïkï-p	 gloss: 3PL=dig-PFV
D: word: ma=in	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=in
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 70:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nï-nji wot yana ___ mï ni-p
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG-POSS younger woman ___ 3SG.SUBJ die-PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`One younger sister of mine has died.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Although etymologically related to the form the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’, the definite numerical sense of ‘its gloss ___’ is generally not felt in the \isi{object marker}. Rather, to give the sense of ‘(exactly) its gloss ___’, the \isi{numeral} itself is used, followed by a 3\textsc{sg} marker, as in examples \REF{ex:det:66}, \REF{ex:det:67}, and \REF{ex:det:68}.
A: word: kwa	 gloss: one
B: word: ngala	 gloss: PL.PROX
C: word: kwa-nji	 gloss: one{-poss}
D: word: kekaka	 gloss: one.each
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 71:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nï-nji wot yana kwa ___ ni-p
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG-POSS younger woman one ___ die-PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`One younger sister of mine has died.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Although etymologically related to the form kwa ‘one’, the definite numerical sense of ‘one’ is generally not felt in the \isi{object marker}. Rather, to give the sense of ‘(exactly) one’, the \isi{numeral} itself is used, followed by a 3\textsc{sg} marker, as in examples \REF{ex:det:66}, \REF{ex:det:67}, and \REF{ex:det:68}.
A: word: mï	 gloss: 3SG.SUBJ
B: word: ma=la-nda	 gloss: 3SG=eat-IRR
C: word: mïka	 gloss: tree.species
D: word: andin	 gloss: DU.DIST
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 72:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ndï ___
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`They were building it.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sometimes the only expressed element in an object NP (whether the \isi{direct object} of a \isi{transitive} verb or the object preceding a \isi{postposition} or \isi{oblique marker}) is an \isi{object marker}. Since these are identical in form to third \isi{person} non-subject personal pronominal forms and since first \isi{person} and second \isi{person} \isi{pronoun}s may also occur in these positions, it is probably most parsimonious to view these all as \isi{pronoun}s. That is, when no nominal is expressed in an object NP consisting solely of the form ma= ‘3\textsc{sg.obj}’, min= ‘3\textsc{du}’, or ndï= ‘3\textsc{pl}’, these may be treated simply as object \isi{pronoun}s, as in examples \REF{ex:det:69} through \REF{ex:det:80}.
A: word: ma=ita-e	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=build-IPFV
B: word: ma=ita-en	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=build-NMLZ
C: word: ma=unda-e	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=go-IPFV
D: word: un=ul	 gloss: 2PL=with
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 73:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nï ___ wa ma-na
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG ___ village go-IRR
The English translation of this sentence is:`I will go with you to the village.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sometimes the only expressed element in an object NP (whether the \isi{direct object} of a \isi{transitive} verb or the object preceding a \isi{postposition} or \isi{oblique marker}) is an \isi{object marker}. Since these are identical in form to third \isi{person} non-subject personal pronominal forms and since first \isi{person} and second \isi{person} \isi{pronoun}s may also occur in these positions, it is probably most parsimonious to view these all as \isi{pronoun}s. That is, when no nominal is expressed in an object NP consisting solely of the form ma= ‘3\textsc{sg.obj}’, min= ‘3\textsc{du}’, or ndï= ‘3\textsc{pl}’, these may be treated simply as object \isi{pronoun}s, as in examples \REF{ex:det:69} through \REF{ex:det:80}.
A: word: ip-ka-en	 gloss: nose-let-NMLZ
B: word: un=ipka	 gloss: 2PL=before
C: word: un=ul	 gloss: 2PL=with
D: word: an=ul	 gloss: 1PL.EXCL=with
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 74:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): inom ___ ma=wana-p-e
Gloss (with missing item): mother ___ 3SG.OBJ=cook-PFV-DEP
The English translation of this sentence is:`This woman cooked it.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In examples \REF{ex:det:81} through \REF{ex:det:86}, \isi{demonstrative} determiners occur as the final elements of subject NPs. They all have spatial \isi{deictic} force, pointing to referents either near or far. They may occur with either \is{common noun} common or \isi{proper noun}s. Although nouns are not marked in any way for \isi{number}, adnominal demonstratives agree with their nouns’ covert \isi{number}: \isi{singular}, \isi{dual}, or \isi{plural}.
A: word: nga=p	 gloss: SG.PROX=be
B: word: ko=tï	 gloss: INDF=take
C: word: nga=p-ta	 gloss: SG.PROX=be{-cond}
D: word: nga	 gloss: SG.PROX
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 75:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): awngala ___ kuk ata-u im anda=wat-aw-e
Gloss (with missing item): bird.species ___ gather up-from tree SG.DIST=atop-put{-ipfv}
The English translation of this sentence is:`Those birds are gathering up into that tree.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In examples \REF{ex:det:81} through \REF{ex:det:86}, \isi{demonstrative} determiners occur as the final elements of subject NPs. They all have spatial \isi{deictic} force, pointing to referents either near or far. They may occur with either \is{common noun} common or \isi{proper noun}s. Although nouns are not marked in any way for \isi{number}, adnominal demonstratives agree with their nouns’ covert \isi{number}: \isi{singular}, \isi{dual}, or \isi{plural}.
A: word: wopa	 gloss: all
B: word: ala-nji	 gloss: PL.DIST{-poss}
C: word: ala=n	 gloss: PL.DIST=OBL
D: word: ala	 gloss: PL.DIST
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 76:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ ma=n u=ta-e
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3SG.OBJ=OBL 2SG=say-DEP
The English translation of this sentence is:`That one told you: …’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Demonstratives may function pronominally, as in \REF{ex:det:87} and \REF{ex:det:88},
A: word: anda=u	 gloss: SG.DIST=from
B: word: anda	 gloss: SG.DIST
C: word: anda=p	 gloss: SG.DIST=be
D: word: ma=ita-p-e	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=build-PFV-DEP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 77:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ wot ko=kot nï=angani na-lï-p
Gloss (with missing item): ___ younger INDF=break 1SG=behind DETR-put-PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`Those two [= my parents] bore a younger sibling after me.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Demonstratives may function pronominally, as in \REF{ex:det:87} and \REF{ex:det:88},
A: word: andin	 gloss: DU.DIST
B: word: nunu	 gloss: every
C: word: ndï=angani-ka-en	 gloss: 3PL=before-let-NMLZ
D: word: andin=ala	 gloss: DU.DIST=see
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 78:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ u-nji ani ngala ata nga=p
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 2SG-POSS bilum PL.PROX up SG.PROX=be
The English translation of this sentence is:`Here, these bilum [= string bags] of yours are up here.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As a spatial \isi{deictic} word, the morpheme ___ ‘\textsc{sg.prox}’ (‘this’) can mean ‘here’ \REF{ex:det:89}.
A: word: nga=p-ta	 gloss: SG.PROX=be{-cond}
B: word: nga	 gloss: SG.PROX
C: word: ma=mop-lï-p	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=tie-put-PFV
D: word: nga=p	 gloss: SG.PROX=be
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 79:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nga u-nji ani ngala ata ___
Gloss (with missing item): SG.PROX 2SG-POSS bilum PL.PROX up ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`Here, these bilum [= string bags] of yours are up here.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As a spatial \isi{deictic} word, nga ‘\textsc{sg.prox}’ (‘this’) can mean ‘here’ \REF{ex:det:89}.
A: word: nï-nji	 gloss: 1SG-POSS
B: word: nga=ka	 gloss: SG.PROX=in
C: word: nga=p-ta	 gloss: SG.PROX=be{-cond}
D: word: nga=p	 gloss: SG.PROX=be
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 80:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ u-nji ani ngala ata nga=p
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 2SG-POSS bilum PL.PROX up SG.PROX=be
The English translation of this sentence is:`Here, these bilum [= string bags] of yours are up here.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{ex:det:89} also illustrates the common use of \isi{demonstrative} determiners in \is{possession} possessive \isi{phrase}s, further illustrated by examples \REF{ex:det:90} through \REF{ex:det:93}.
A: word: nga=p	 gloss: SG.PROX=be
B: word: nga=p-ta	 gloss: SG.PROX=be{-cond}
C: word: ala	 gloss: PL.DIST
D: word: nga	 gloss: SG.PROX
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 81:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nga u-nji ani ngala ata ___
Gloss (with missing item): SG.PROX 2SG-POSS bilum PL.PROX up ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`Here, these bilum [= string bags] of yours are up here.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{ex:det:89} also illustrates the common use of \isi{demonstrative} determiners in \is{possession} possessive \isi{phrase}s, further illustrated by examples \REF{ex:det:90} through \REF{ex:det:93}.
A: word: ndï=nïkï-p	 gloss: 3PL=dig-PFV
B: word: nga=p	 gloss: SG.PROX=be
C: word: nga=ka	 gloss: SG.PROX=in
D: word: nga=p-ta	 gloss: SG.PROX=be{-cond}
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 82:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ nungol ngala mbï-p-e
Gloss (with missing item): ___ child PL.PROX here-be-IPFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`My children live here.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{ex:det:89} also illustrates the common use of \isi{demonstrative} determiners in \is{possession} possessive \isi{phrase}s, further illustrated by examples \REF{ex:det:90} through \REF{ex:det:93}.
A: word: ndï-nji	 gloss: 3PL-POSS
B: word: num	 gloss: canoe
C: word: u-nji	 gloss: 2SG-POSS
D: word: nï-nji	 gloss: 1SG-POSS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 83:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nï-nji nungol ___ mbï-p-e
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG-POSS child ___ here-be-IPFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`My children live here.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{ex:det:89} also illustrates the common use of \isi{demonstrative} determiners in \is{possession} possessive \isi{phrase}s, further illustrated by examples \REF{ex:det:90} through \REF{ex:det:93}.
A: word: ma=mop-lï-p	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=tie-put-PFV
B: word: ngala	 gloss: PL.PROX
C: word: ngala=n	 gloss: PL.PROX=OBL
D: word: ngala=tï	 gloss: PL.PROX=take
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 84:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ na ngala mï ndï=ta-na
Gloss (with missing item): ___ talk PL.PROX 3SG.SUBJ 3PL=say-IRR
The English translation of this sentence is:`These stories of his -- he will tell them.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{ex:det:89} also illustrates the common use of \isi{demonstrative} determiners in \is{possession} possessive \isi{phrase}s, further illustrated by examples \REF{ex:det:90} through \REF{ex:det:93}.
A: word: kuma-nji	 gloss: some{-poss}
B: word: top	 gloss: throw
C: word: ma-awa	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ-INT
D: word: ma-nji	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ-POSS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 85:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ma-nji na ___ mï ndï=ta-na
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.OBJ-POSS talk ___ 3SG.SUBJ 3PL=say-IRR
The English translation of this sentence is:`These stories of his -- he will tell them.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{ex:det:89} also illustrates the common use of \isi{demonstrative} determiners in \is{possession} possessive \isi{phrase}s, further illustrated by examples \REF{ex:det:90} through \REF{ex:det:93}.
A: word: ngala	 gloss: PL.PROX
B: word: ala-nji	 gloss: PL.DIST{-poss}
C: word: ngala=tï	 gloss: PL.PROX=take
D: word: ngala=n	 gloss: PL.PROX=OBL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 86:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ndï=n numïne ___ ndï mï=na-p-na
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL=OBL ditch ___ 3PL 3SG.SUBJ=DETR-be-IRR
The English translation of this sentence is:`Once [I] have planted them in that ditch, they will be there.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Demonstrative determiners occur not only in subject NPs, but also in object or \isi{oblique} \isi{phrase}s, as in examples \REF{ex:det:94} through \REF{ex:det:97}.
A: word: ambï=lï-p	 gloss: SG.REFL=put-PFV
B: word: otto	 gloss: [name]
C: word: anda=lumo-p-ta	 gloss: SG.DIST=put-PFV-COND
D: word: an-mbï-lumo-p-ta	 gloss: out-here-put-PFV-COND
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 87:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): unan ngusuwa ___ won-la-ka-n
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL.INCL poor ___ cut-IRR-let-IMP
The English translation of this sentence is:`Let’s cross over [the river] to those poor folks [on the other side]!’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Demonstrative determiners occur not only in subject NPs, but also in object or \isi{oblique} \isi{phrase}s, as in examples \REF{ex:det:94} through \REF{ex:det:97}.
A: word: min	 gloss: 3DU
B: word: ngala=iya	 gloss: PL.PROX=toward
C: word: ala=iya	 gloss: PL.DIST=toward
D: word: ala=ul	 gloss: PL.DIST=with
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 88:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nï amun iwa ___ ma=u-p ma=u kundan nïpat nga=tï-n
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG now basket ___ 3SG.OBJ=put-PFV 3SG.OBJ=from eel huge SG.PROX=take-PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`Now I put these fish trap baskets [down] there and got this huge eel from there.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Although the basic function of \isi{demonstrative} determiners is taken to be a means of providing spatial \isi{deixis} from the reference point of the speaker, the actual range of uses of demonstratives is much greater. First, it is not uncommon for a speaker to project a \isi{deictic center} to a point other than the self. Thus, while \isi{demonstrative} words in Ulwa are taken generally to be \isi{egocentric}, a speaker may choose a reference point other than himself or herself in the moment of \isi{speech}. This is common in recounted narratives \REF{ex:det:98}.
A: word: ngin=tï	 gloss: DU.PROX=take
B: word: ngala=n	 gloss: PL.PROX=OBL
C: word: ngala=tï	 gloss: PL.PROX=take
D: word: ngala=ta	 gloss: PL.PROX=say
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B