cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 0:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ Susan min luke i ma=p-ta min-nji ita-na ma-n-e
Gloss (with missing item): ___ [name] 3DU too go.PFV 3SG.OBJ=be{-cond} 3DU-POSS build-IRR go{-ipfv-dep}
The English translation of this sentence is:`If Dimes and Susan go there, too, [then they] are going to build their [house there].’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Before examining \isi{coordination} between clauses, I consider how elements within \isi{phrase}s may be coordinated, starting with nouns within a \isi{noun phrase}. Nouns are coordinated within a \isi{noun phrase}s without any overt \isi{conjunction} or \isi{morphosyntactic} marking to indicate \isi{conjunction}. When the total \isi{number} of referents among the coordinated nouns in the NP equals two, then the entire NP may receive \isi{dual} subject marking or \isi{object marking}. When the total \isi{number} of referents is more than two, then the NP may receive \isi{plural} subject marking or \isi{object marking}. Examples \REF{ex:complex:1} through \REF{ex:complex:5} illustrate NPs in which two nouns are coordinated.
A: word: inim	 gloss: water
B: word: dimes	 gloss: [name]
C: word: ilum	 gloss: piece
D: word: sinanam	 gloss: {[name]}
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 1:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Dimes ___ min luke i ma=p-ta min-nji ita-na ma-n-e
Gloss (with missing item): [name] ___ 3DU too go.PFV 3SG.OBJ=be{-cond} 3DU-POSS build-IRR go{-ipfv-dep}
The English translation of this sentence is:`If Dimes and Susan go there, too, [then they] are going to build their [house there].’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Before examining \isi{coordination} between clauses, I consider how elements within \isi{phrase}s may be coordinated, starting with nouns within a \isi{noun phrase}. Nouns are coordinated within a \isi{noun phrase}s without any overt \isi{conjunction} or \isi{morphosyntactic} marking to indicate \isi{conjunction}. When the total \isi{number} of referents among the coordinated nouns in the NP equals two, then the entire NP may receive \isi{dual} subject marking or \isi{object marking}. When the total \isi{number} of referents is more than two, then the NP may receive \isi{plural} subject marking or \isi{object marking}. Examples \REF{ex:complex:1} through \REF{ex:complex:5} illustrate NPs in which two nouns are coordinated.
A: word: na-wow	 gloss: DETR-sleep.IPFV
B: word: sinanam	 gloss: {[name]}
C: word: sande	 gloss: Sunday
D: word: susan	 gloss: [name]
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 2:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Dimes Susan ___ luke i ma=p-ta min-nji ita-na ma-n-e
Gloss (with missing item): [name] [name] ___ too go.PFV 3SG.OBJ=be{-cond} 3DU-POSS build-IRR go{-ipfv-dep}
The English translation of this sentence is:`If Dimes and Susan go there, too, [then they] are going to build their [house there].’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Before exathe morpheme ___ing \isi{coordination} between clauses, I consider how elements within \isi{phrase}s may be coordinated, starting with nouns within a \isi{noun phrase}. Nouns are coordinated within a \isi{noun phrase}s without any overt \isi{conjunction} or \isi{morphosyntactic} marking to indicate \isi{conjunction}. When the total \isi{number} of referents among the coordinated nouns in the NP equals two, then the entire NP may receive \isi{dual} subject marking or \isi{object marking}. When the total \isi{number} of referents is more than two, then the NP may receive \isi{plural} subject marking or \isi{object marking}. Examples \REF{ex:complex:1} through \REF{ex:complex:5} illustrate NPs in which two nouns are coordinated.
A: word: ndin	 gloss: 3DU?
B: word: min	 gloss: 3DU
C: word: ma=lï-p	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=put-PFV
D: word: min=n	 gloss: 3DU=OBL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 3:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nï=tï-n-e nï-nji ___ i tembi=p-e
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG=take-PFV-DEP 1SG-POSS ___ hand bad=COP{-dep}
The English translation of this sentence is:`When it got me, my legs and arms were injured.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Before examining \isi{coordination} between clauses, I consider how elements within \isi{phrase}s may be coordinated, starting with nouns within a \isi{noun phrase}. Nouns are coordinated within a \isi{noun phrase}s without any overt \isi{conjunction} or \isi{morphosyntactic} marking to indicate \isi{conjunction}. When the total \isi{number} of referents among the coordinated nouns in the NP equals two, then the entire NP may receive \isi{dual} subject marking or \isi{object marking}. When the total \isi{number} of referents is more than two, then the NP may receive \isi{plural} subject marking or \isi{object marking}. Examples \REF{ex:complex:1} through \REF{ex:complex:5} illustrate NPs in which two nouns are coordinated.
A: word: wutï-ni-n	 gloss: leg-beat-IMP
B: word: itom	 gloss: father
C: word: manama	 gloss: [name]
D: word: wutï	 gloss: leg
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 4:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nï=tï-n-e nï-nji wutï ___ tembi=p-e
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG=take-PFV-DEP 1SG-POSS leg ___ bad=COP{-dep}
The English translation of this sentence is:`When it got me, my legs and arms were injured.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Before examthe morpheme ___nthe morpheme ___ng \the morpheme ___sthe morpheme ___{coordthe morpheme ___natthe morpheme ___on} between clauses, I consthe morpheme ___der how elements wthe morpheme ___ththe morpheme ___n \the morpheme ___sthe morpheme ___{phrase}s may be coordthe morpheme ___nated, startthe morpheme ___ng wthe morpheme ___th nouns wthe morpheme ___ththe morpheme ___n a \the morpheme ___sthe morpheme ___{noun phrase}. Nouns are coordthe morpheme ___nated wthe morpheme ___ththe morpheme ___n a \the morpheme ___sthe morpheme ___{noun phrase}s wthe morpheme ___thout any overt \the morpheme ___sthe morpheme ___{conjunctthe morpheme ___on} or \the morpheme ___sthe morpheme ___{morphosyntactthe morpheme ___c} markthe morpheme ___ng to the morpheme ___ndthe morpheme ___cate \the morpheme ___sthe morpheme ___{conjunctthe morpheme ___on}. When the total \the morpheme ___sthe morpheme ___{number} of referents among the coordthe morpheme ___nated nouns the morpheme ___n the NP equals two, then the entthe morpheme ___re NP may recethe morpheme ___ve \the morpheme ___sthe morpheme ___{dual} subject markthe morpheme ___ng or \the morpheme ___sthe morpheme ___{object markthe morpheme ___ng}. When the total \the morpheme ___sthe morpheme ___{number} of referents the morpheme ___s more than two, then the NP may recethe morpheme ___ve \the morpheme ___sthe morpheme ___{plural} subject markthe morpheme ___ng or \the morpheme ___sthe morpheme ___{object markthe morpheme ___ng}. Examples \REF{ex:complex:1} through \REF{ex:complex:5} the morpheme ___llustrate NPs the morpheme ___n whthe morpheme ___ch two nouns are coordthe morpheme ___nated.
A: word: i	 gloss: hand
B: word: unan-ambi	 gloss: 1PL.INCL-TOP
C: word: itom	 gloss: father
D: word: wot	 gloss: younger
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 5:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ Elvis ndï ma=lo-p
Gloss (with missing item): ___ [name] 3PL 3SG.OBJ=go-PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`Bill and Elvis went there.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Although the \isi{noun phrase} in \REF{ex:complex:6} has exactly two referents, the \isi{plural} \isi{subject marker} ndï ‘\textsc{3pl}’ is used (\sectref{sec:9.1.2}).
A: word: bill	 gloss: [name]
B: word: wanmbi	 gloss: daka
C: word: sinanam	 gloss: {[name]}
D: word: ndï=lï	 gloss: 3PL=put
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 6:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Bill ___ ndï ma=lo-p
Gloss (with missing item): [name] ___ 3PL 3SG.OBJ=go-PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`Bill and Elvis went there.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Although the \isi{noun phrase} in \REF{ex:complex:6} has exactly two referents, the \isi{plural} \isi{subject marker} ndï ‘\textsc{3pl}’ is used (\sectref{sec:9.1.2}).
A: word: isi	 gloss: soup
B: word: sinanam	 gloss: {[name]}
C: word: elvis	 gloss: [name]
D: word: yawa	 gloss: uncle
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 7:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Bill Elvis ___ ma=lo-p
Gloss (with missing item): [name] [name] ___ 3SG.OBJ=go-PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`Bill and Elvis went there.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Although the \isi{noun phrase} in \REF{ex:complex:6} has exactly two referents, the \isi{plural} \isi{subject marker} the morpheme ___ ‘\textsc{3pl}’ is used (\sectref{sec:9.1.2}).
A: word: (ndï)	 gloss: (3PL)
B: word: ilum	 gloss: piece
C: word: ndï	 gloss: 3PL
D: word: ndï=la-nda	 gloss: 3PL=eat{-irr}
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 8:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ Mukamba Kawat ndï ma=ul i
Gloss (with missing item): ___ [name] [name] 3PL 3SG.OBJ=with go.PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`Awaka, Mukamba, and Kawat came with him.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sentences \REF{ex:complex:7} and \REF{ex:complex:8} provide examples of more than two nouns being coordinated within a single NP.
A: word: maka	 gloss: thus
B: word: ma=asa	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=hit
C: word: sinanam	 gloss: {[name]}
D: word: awaka	 gloss: [name]
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 9:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Awaka ___ Kawat ndï ma=ul i
Gloss (with missing item): [name] ___ [name] 3PL 3SG.OBJ=with go.PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`Awaka, Mukamba, and Kawat came with him.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sentences \REF{ex:complex:7} and \REF{ex:complex:8} provide examples of more than two nouns being coordinated within a single NP.
A: word: kambaramba	 gloss: [place]
B: word: ma=ama-p	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=eat-PFV
C: word: sinanam	 gloss: {[name]}
D: word: mukamba	 gloss: [name]
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 10:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Awaka Mukamba ___ ndï ma=ul i
Gloss (with missing item): [name] [name] ___ 3PL 3SG.OBJ=with go.PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`Awaka, Mukamba, and Kawat came with him.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sentences \REF{ex:complex:7} and \REF{ex:complex:8} provide examples of more than two nouns being coordinated within a single NP.
A: word: ala	 gloss: PL.DIST
B: word: tawatïp	 gloss: child
C: word: kawat	 gloss: [name]
D: word: sinanam	 gloss: {[name]}
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 11:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Awaka Mukamba Kawat ___ ma=ul i
Gloss (with missing item): [name] [name] [name] ___ 3SG.OBJ=with go.PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`Awaka, Mukamba, and Kawat came with him.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sentences \REF{ex:complex:7} and \REF{ex:complex:8} provide examples of more than two nouns being coordinated within a single NP.
A: word: ndï=la-nda	 gloss: 3PL=eat{-irr}
B: word: (ndï)	 gloss: (3PL)
C: word: ndï	 gloss: 3PL
D: word: ndunduma	 gloss: great-grandparent
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 12:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ yawa ngata ndunduma ndï wopa ma=la-nda
Gloss (with missing item): ___ uncle grand great-grandparent 3PL all 3SG.OBJ=eat-IRR
The English translation of this sentence is:`Sisters, uncles, grandparents, and great-grandparents would all eat it.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sentences \REF{ex:complex:7} and \REF{ex:complex:8} provide examples of more than two nouns being coordinated within a single NP.
A: word: yanapi	 gloss: [name]
B: word: atana	 gloss: older.sister
C: word: anapa	 gloss: sister
D: word: an=iya	 gloss: 1PL.EXCL=toward
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 13:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): anapa ___ ngata ndunduma ndï wopa ma=la-nda
Gloss (with missing item): sister ___ grand great-grandparent 3PL all 3SG.OBJ=eat-IRR
The English translation of this sentence is:`Sisters, uncles, grandparents, and great-grandparents would all eat it.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sentences \REF{ex:complex:7} and \REF{ex:complex:8} provide examples of more than two nouns being coordinated within a single NP.
A: word: itom	 gloss: father
B: word: yawa	 gloss: uncle
C: word: yawana	 gloss: [name]
D: word: wap-en	 gloss: be.PST-NMLZ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 14:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): anapa yawa ___ ndunduma ndï wopa ma=la-nda
Gloss (with missing item): sister uncle ___ great-grandparent 3PL all 3SG.OBJ=eat-IRR
The English translation of this sentence is:`Sisters, uncles, grandparents, and great-grandparents would all eat it.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sentences \REF{ex:complex:7} and \REF{ex:complex:8} provide examples of more than two nouns being coordinated within a single NP.
A: word: ngata=p-e	 gloss: grand=COP{-dep}
B: word: ngata	 gloss: grand
C: word: ta-e	 gloss: say-DEP
D: word: yalum	 gloss: grandchild
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 15:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): anapa yawa ngata ___ ndï wopa ma=la-nda
Gloss (with missing item): sister uncle grand ___ 3PL all 3SG.OBJ=eat-IRR
The English translation of this sentence is:`Sisters, uncles, grandparents, and great-grandparents would all eat it.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sentences \REF{ex:complex:7} and \REF{ex:complex:8} provide examples of more than two nouns being coordinated within a single NP.
A: word: kawat	 gloss: [name]
B: word: ndunduma	 gloss: great-grandparent
C: word: tumbuna	 gloss: grandparent
D: word: mundu	 gloss: food
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 16:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): anapa yawa ngata ndunduma ___ wopa ma=la-nda
Gloss (with missing item): sister uncle grand great-grandparent ___ all 3SG.OBJ=eat-IRR
The English translation of this sentence is:`Sisters, uncles, grandparents, and great-grandparents would all eat it.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sentences \REF{ex:complex:7} and \REF{ex:complex:8} provide examples of more than two nouns being coordinated within a single NP.
A: word: (ndï)	 gloss: (3PL)
B: word: ma=asa	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=hit
C: word: ndï=la-nda	 gloss: 3PL=eat{-irr}
D: word: ndï	 gloss: 3PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 17:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ Dumngul an ma=lo-p li-lï-p
Gloss (with missing item): ___ [name] 1PL.EXCL 3SG.OBJ=cut-PFV down-put-PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`Ganmali, Dumngul, and I cut it down.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \isi{Pronoun}s may also signal \isi{coordination}, namely, in \isi{inclusory construction}s, whereby a \isi{non-singular} referent is signaled by the \isi{juxtaposition} of one or more referents with either a \isi{dual} or \isi{plural} \isi{pronoun} immediately following it. In \REF{ex:complex:9}, the \isi{pronoun} an ‘1\textsc{pl.excl}’ signals the inclusion of the speaker in the set of ‘we’.
A: word: ma=lï-p-e	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=put{-pfv-dep}
B: word: sinanam	 gloss: {[name]}
C: word: ganmali	 gloss: [name]
D: word: ganmali=n	 gloss: [name]=OBL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 18:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ganmali ___ an ma=lo-p li-lï-p
Gloss (with missing item): [name] ___ 1PL.EXCL 3SG.OBJ=cut-PFV down-put-PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`Ganmali, Dumngul, and I cut it down.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \isi{Pronoun}s may also signal \isi{coordination}, namely, in \isi{inclusory construction}s, whereby a \isi{non-singular} referent is signaled by the \isi{juxtaposition} of one or more referents with either a \isi{dual} or \isi{plural} \isi{pronoun} immediately following it. In \REF{ex:complex:9}, the \isi{pronoun} an ‘1\textsc{pl.excl}’ signals the inclusion of the speaker in the set of ‘we’.
A: word: an=iya	 gloss: 1PL.EXCL=toward
B: word: kanangula	 gloss: [name]
C: word: sinanam	 gloss: {[name]}
D: word: dumngul	 gloss: [name]
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D