cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 49:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ma isi wana-p yawa ___
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.OBJ soup cook-PFV uncle ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`[They] will cook her soup and give [it] to the uncles.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Also, although not necessarily common, it is possible for na- ‘give’ to follow a verb in the preceding clause that means something other than ‘take’. For example, the verb na- ‘give’ may follow the verbs wana- ‘cook’ \REF{ex:clause:47} or nïkï- ‘dig, cut’ \REF{ex:clause:48}.
A: word: ma=na-nda	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=give-IRR
B: word: i-kali	 gloss: hand-send
C: word: ala=u	 gloss: PL.DIST=from
D: word: ala=na-nda	 gloss: PL.DIST=give-IRR
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 50:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): an keka ___ ndï=na-n
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL.EXCL completely ___ 3PL=give-PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`We butchered it and gave it out completely to them.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Also, although not necessarily common, it is possible for na- ‘give’ to follow a verb in the preceding clause that means something other than ‘take’. For example, the verb na- ‘give’ may follow the verbs wana- ‘cook’ \REF{ex:clause:47} or nïkï- ‘dig, cut’ \REF{ex:clause:48}.
A: word: ma=nïkï-p	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=dig-PFV
B: word: ango	 gloss: NEG
C: word: ma=nïkï-p-ta	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=dig-PFV-COND
D: word: nungol=nï	 gloss: [child=OBL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 51:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): an keka ma=nïkï-p ___
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL.EXCL completely 3SG.OBJ=dig-PFV ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`We butchered it and gave it out completely to them.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Also, although not necessarily common, it is possible for na- ‘give’ to follow a verb in the preceding clause that means something other than ‘take’. For example, the verb na- ‘give’ may follow the verbs wana- ‘cook’ \REF{ex:clause:47} or nïkï- ‘dig, cut’ \REF{ex:clause:48}.
A: word: ndï=na-nda	 gloss: 3PL=give-IRR
B: word: ndï=na-n	 gloss: 3PL=give-PFV
C: word: ndï=ina-p	 gloss: 3PL=get-PFV
D: word: alum	 gloss: child
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 52:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ndï=in u itïtïl ___
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL=in from dust ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`[I] was pushing the dust out from them.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: While ‘giving’ is the prototypical event to be encoded by \isi{ditransitive} constructions (in languages that exhibit them), there are other verbs that are likely to function similarly crosslinguistically. In the remainder of this section I describe how ‘showing’ events are encoded in Ulwa. Whereas ‘giving’ events in Ulwa are encoded with two \isi{transitive} verbs (typically tï- ‘take’ and na- ‘give’), ‘showing’ events are encoded with a single \isi{intransitive} verb (si- ‘push’). In other contexts, this verb is used \isi{transitive}ly \REF{ex:clause:49}, often in conjunction with the verb lï- ‘put’, to covey the sense of something being pushed upon something else, as in \REF{ex:clause:50} and \REF{ex:clause:51}, or in conjunction with the preverbal form [ikali] (literally ‘hand-send’) to convey the act of grabbing, holding, or catching, as in \REF{ex:clause:52} and \REF{ex:clause:53}.\footnote{Like tï- ‘take’, si- ‘push’ is often \isi{defective} in that it commonly lacks \isi{perfective} or \isi{imperfective} \isi{aspect} marking.}
A: word: awal	 gloss: yesterday
B: word: ndï=wali-e	 gloss: 3PL=hit-IPFV
C: word: ndï=si-na	 gloss: 3PL=push-IRR
D: word: ndï=si-e	 gloss: 3PL=push-IPFV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 53:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): u=nap ___ apïn lï-p
Gloss (with missing item): 2SG=for ___ fire put-PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`[They] put them on the fire for you.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: While ‘giving’ is the prototypical event to be encoded by \isi{ditransitive} constructions (in languages that exhibit them), there are other verbs that are likely to function similarly crosslinguistically. In the remainder of this section I describe how ‘showing’ events are encoded in Ulwa. Whereas ‘giving’ events in Ulwa are encoded with two \isi{transitive} verbs (typically tï- ‘take’ and na- ‘give’), ‘showing’ events are encoded with a single \isi{intransitive} verb (si- ‘push’). In other contexts, this verb is used \isi{transitive}ly \REF{ex:clause:49}, often in conjunction with the verb lï- ‘put’, to covey the sense of something being pushed upon something else, as in \REF{ex:clause:50} and \REF{ex:clause:51}, or in conjunction with the preverbal form [ikali] (literally ‘hand-send’) to convey the act of grabbing, holding, or catching, as in \REF{ex:clause:52} and \REF{ex:clause:53}.\footnote{Like tï- ‘take’, si- ‘push’ is often \isi{defective} in that it commonly lacks \isi{perfective} or \isi{imperfective} \isi{aspect} marking.}
A: word: njukuta	 gloss: small
B: word: ma=n	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=OBL
C: word: ndï=si-na	 gloss: 3PL=push-IRR
D: word: ndï=si	 gloss: 3PL=push
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 54:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): u=nap ndï=si apïn ___
Gloss (with missing item): 2SG=for 3PL=push fire ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`[They] put them on the fire for you.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: While ‘giving’ is the prototypical event to be encoded by \isi{ditransitive} constructions (in languages that exhibit them), there are other verbs that are likely to function similarly crosslinguistically. In the remainder of this section I describe how ‘showing’ events are encoded in Ulwa. Whereas ‘giving’ events in Ulwa are encoded with two \isi{transitive} verbs (typically tï- ‘take’ and na- ‘give’), ‘showing’ events are encoded with a single \isi{intransitive} verb (si- ‘push’). In other contexts, this verb is used \isi{transitive}ly \REF{ex:clause:49}, often in conjunction with the verb lï- ‘put’, to covey the sense of something being pushed upon something else, as in \REF{ex:clause:50} and \REF{ex:clause:51}, or in conjunction with the preverbal form [ikali] (literally ‘hand-send’) to convey the act of grabbing, holding, or catching, as in \REF{ex:clause:52} and \REF{ex:clause:53}.\footnote{Like tï- ‘take’, si- ‘push’ is often \isi{defective} in that it commonly lacks \isi{perfective} or \isi{imperfective} \isi{aspect} marking.}
A: word: ndï=ina-p	 gloss: 3PL=get-PFV
B: word: ma=in-lï-p	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=in-put-PFV
C: word: lï-p	 gloss: put-PFV
D: word: u-p-op	 gloss: put-PFV-PFV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 55:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Nawoli ma-ngusuwa imba-ka-e apa i wutï ___ nï=imbam-lï-p
Gloss (with missing item): [name] 3SG.OBJ{-}poor night-at-DEP house go.PFV leg ___ 1SG=under-put-PFV
The English translation of this sentence is:`Nawoli, the poor thing, came to [my] house at night and put [his] legs under me.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: While ‘giving’ is the prototypical event to be encoded by \ithe morpheme ___{ditranthe morpheme ___tive} constructions (in languages that exhibit them), there are other verbs that are likely to function the morpheme ___milarly crosslinguistically. In the remainder of this section I describe how ‘showing’ events are encoded in Ulwa. Whereas ‘giving’ events in Ulwa are encoded with two \ithe morpheme ___{tranthe morpheme ___tive} verbs (typically tï- ‘take’ and na- ‘give’), ‘showing’ events are encoded with a the morpheme ___ngle \ithe morpheme ___{intranthe morpheme ___tive} verb (the morpheme ___- ‘its gloss ___’). In other contexts, this verb is used \ithe morpheme ___{tranthe morpheme ___tive}ly \REF{ex:clause:49}, often in conjunction with the verb lï- ‘put’, to covey the sense of something being its gloss ___ed upon something else, as in \REF{ex:clause:50} and \REF{ex:clause:51}, or in conjunction with the preverbal form [ikali] (literally ‘hand-send’) to convey the act of grabbing, holding, or catching, as in \REF{ex:clause:52} and \REF{ex:clause:53}.\footnote{Like tï- ‘take’, the morpheme ___- ‘its gloss ___’ is often \ithe morpheme ___{defective} in that it commonly lacks \ithe morpheme ___{perfective} or \ithe morpheme ___{imperfective} \ithe morpheme ___{aspect} marking.}
A: word: si	 gloss: push
B: word: ansi	 gloss: red.buai
C: word: ma=ka	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=at
D: word: amun	 gloss: now
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 56:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Nawoli ma-ngusuwa imba-ka-e apa i wutï si ___
Gloss (with missing item): [name] 3SG.OBJ{-}poor night-at-DEP house go.PFV leg push ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`Nawoli, the poor thing, came to [my] house at night and put [his] legs under me.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: While ‘giving’ is the prototypical event to be encoded by \isi{ditransitive} constructions (in languages that exhibit them), there are other verbs that are likely to function similarly crosslinguistically. In the remainder of this section I describe how ‘showing’ events are encoded in Ulwa. Whereas ‘giving’ events in Ulwa are encoded with two \isi{transitive} verbs (typically tï- ‘take’ and na- ‘give’), ‘showing’ events are encoded with a single \isi{intransitive} verb (si- ‘push’). In other contexts, this verb is used \isi{transitive}ly \REF{ex:clause:49}, often in conjunction with the verb lï- ‘put’, to covey the sense of something being pushed upon something else, as in \REF{ex:clause:50} and \REF{ex:clause:51}, or in conjunction with the preverbal form [ikali] (literally ‘hand-send’) to convey the act of grabbing, holding, or catching, as in \REF{ex:clause:52} and \REF{ex:clause:53}.\footnote{Like tï- ‘take’, si- ‘push’ is often \isi{defective} in that it commonly lacks \isi{perfective} or \isi{imperfective} \isi{aspect} marking.}
A: word: nï=imbam-lï-p	 gloss: 1SG=under-put-PFV
B: word: ndï=imbam	 gloss: 3PL=under
C: word: nï=na-na	 gloss: 1SG=give-PFV
D: word: inamba=nï	 gloss: money=OBL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 57:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nungol mï ___ ma=si
Gloss (with missing item): child 3SG.SUBJ ___ 3SG.OBJ=push
The English translation of this sentence is:`The son grabbed it.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: While ‘giving’ is the prototypical event to be encoded by \isi{ditransitive} constructions (in languages that exhibit them), there are other verbs that are likely to function similarly crosslinguistically. In the remainder of this section I describe how ‘showing’ events are encoded in Ulwa. Whereas ‘giving’ events in Ulwa are encoded with two \isi{transitive} verbs (typically tï- ‘take’ and na- ‘give’), ‘showing’ events are encoded with a single \isi{intransitive} verb (si- ‘push’). In other contexts, this verb is used \isi{transitive}ly \REF{ex:clause:49}, often in conjunction with the verb lï- ‘put’, to covey the sense of something being pushed upon something else, as in \REF{ex:clause:50} and \REF{ex:clause:51}, or in conjunction with the preverbal form [ikali] (literally ‘its gloss ___’) to convey the act of grabbing, holding, or catching, as in \REF{ex:clause:52} and \REF{ex:clause:53}.\footnote{Like tï- ‘take’, si- ‘push’ is often \isi{defective} in that it commonly lacks \isi{perfective} or \isi{imperfective} \isi{aspect} marking.}
A: word: kali	 gloss: send
B: word: ma=kali-lï-p-e	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=send-put-PFV-DEP
C: word: ma=ul	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=with
D: word: i-kali	 gloss: hand-send
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 58:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nungol mï i-kali ___
Gloss (with missing item): child 3SG.SUBJ hand-send ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`The son grabbed it.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: While ‘giving’ is the prototypical event to be encoded by \isi{ditransitive} constructions (in languages that exhibit them), there are other verbs that are likely to function similarly crosslinguistically. In the remainder of this section I describe how ‘showing’ events are encoded in Ulwa. Whereas ‘giving’ events in Ulwa are encoded with two \isi{transitive} verbs (typically tï- ‘take’ and na- ‘give’), ‘showing’ events are encoded with a single \isi{intransitive} verb (si- ‘push’). In other contexts, this verb is used \isi{transitive}ly \REF{ex:clause:49}, often in conjunction with the verb lï- ‘put’, to covey the sense of something being pushed upon something else, as in \REF{ex:clause:50} and \REF{ex:clause:51}, or in conjunction with the preverbal form [ikali] (literally ‘hand-send’) to convey the act of grabbing, holding, or catching, as in \REF{ex:clause:52} and \REF{ex:clause:53}.\footnote{Like tï- ‘take’, si- ‘push’ is often \isi{defective} in that it commonly lacks \isi{perfective} or \isi{imperfective} \isi{aspect} marking.}
A: word: laykos	 gloss: [place]
B: word: ma=si-na	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=push-IRR
C: word: nï=n	 gloss: 1SG=OBL
D: word: ma=si	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=push
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 59:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): u wa li ma=ma ___ ma=si-na
Gloss (with missing item): 2SG just down 3SG.OBJ=go ___ 3SG.OBJ=push-IRR
The English translation of this sentence is:`You’ll just go down there and grab it?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: While ‘giving’ is the prototypical event to be encoded by \isi{ditransitive} constructions (in languages that exhibit them), there are other verbs that are likely to function similarly crosslinguistically. In the remainder of this section I describe how ‘showing’ events are encoded in Ulwa. Whereas ‘giving’ events in Ulwa are encoded with two \isi{transitive} verbs (typically tï- ‘take’ and na- ‘give’), ‘showing’ events are encoded with a single \isi{intransitive} verb (si- ‘push’). In other contexts, this verb is used \isi{transitive}ly \REF{ex:clause:49}, often in conjunction with the verb lï- ‘put’, to covey the sense of something being pushed upon something else, as in \REF{ex:clause:50} and \REF{ex:clause:51}, or in conjunction with the preverbal form [ikali] (literally ‘its gloss ___’) to convey the act of grabbing, holding, or catching, as in \REF{ex:clause:52} and \REF{ex:clause:53}.\footnote{Like tï- ‘take’, si- ‘push’ is often \isi{defective} in that it commonly lacks \isi{perfective} or \isi{imperfective} \isi{aspect} marking.}
A: word: i-kali	 gloss: hand-send
B: word: ma=kali-lï-p-e	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=send-put-PFV-DEP
C: word: kali	 gloss: send
D: word: ma=na-n-e	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=give-PFV-DEP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 60:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): u wa li ma=ma i-kali ___
Gloss (with missing item): 2SG just down 3SG.OBJ=go hand-send ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`You’ll just go down there and grab it?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: While ‘giving’ is the prototypical event to be encoded by \isi{ditransitive} constructions (in languages that exhibit them), there are other verbs that are likely to function similarly crosslinguistically. In the remainder of this section I describe how ‘showing’ events are encoded in Ulwa. Whereas ‘giving’ events in Ulwa are encoded with two \isi{transitive} verbs (typically tï- ‘take’ and na- ‘give’), ‘showing’ events are encoded with a single \isi{intransitive} verb (si- ‘push’). In other contexts, this verb is used \isi{transitive}ly \REF{ex:clause:49}, often in conjunction with the verb lï- ‘put’, to covey the sense of something being pushed upon something else, as in \REF{ex:clause:50} and \REF{ex:clause:51}, or in conjunction with the preverbal form [ikali] (literally ‘hand-send’) to convey the act of grabbing, holding, or catching, as in \REF{ex:clause:52} and \REF{ex:clause:53}.\footnote{Like tï- ‘take’, si- ‘push’ is often \isi{defective} in that it commonly lacks \isi{perfective} or \isi{imperfective} \isi{aspect} marking.}
A: word: ma=si-na-t-e	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=push-IRR-SPEC-DEP
B: word: ma=tï	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=take
C: word: ma=si	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=push
D: word: ma=si-na	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=push-IRR
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 61:
You are a linguist specializing in Ulwa. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Gwam mï tawa ___ Mapana ma=ul si
Gloss (with missing item): [name] 3SG.SUBJ wound ___ [name] 3SG.OBJ=with push
The English translation of this sentence is:`Gwam showed her wound to Mapana.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: When used to encode a ‘showing’ event, however, the verb si- ‘push’ is \isi{intransitive}: the \isi{agent} (the one showing) is the subject of the verb; the \isi{theme} (that which is shown) is marked by the \isi{oblique marker} =n ‘\textsc{obl}’; and the \isi{experiencer} (the one to whom something is shown) is the object of the \isi{postposition} ul ‘with’. The preferred order of these two non-core arguments is for the \isi{oblique}-marked \isi{noun phrase} to precede the \isi{postpositional phrase}. Literally such sentences may be rendered as ‘[\isi{agent}] pushes with [\isi{theme}] (along) with [\isi{experiencer}]’. They may be seen in examples \REF{ex:clause:54} through \REF{ex:clause:58}.
A: word: alimban	 gloss: [name]
B: word: ma=n	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=OBL
C: word: ma=p	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=be
D: word: ma=na-na	 gloss: 3SG.OBJ=give-PFV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B