cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 19:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Quaj è curdau sé ___ gljut.
Gloss (with missing item): DEM.UNM be.PRS.3SG fall.PTCP.UNM up ___ people.F
The English translation of this sentence is:`People noticed this.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The dative \isi{article} is a \isi{definite article}; it distinguishes \isi{number} but not \isi{gender}. Its forms are di (sg) and dis (pl) or the morpheme ___ and the morpheme ___s (\ref{ex:the morpheme ___1}--\ref{ex:the morpheme ___7}). Whereas the morpheme ___, the morpheme ___s were widespread in other Sursilvan dialects as well as in further Romansh varieties such as \ithe morpheme ___{Sutsilvan} and \ithe morpheme ___{Surmiran}, di, dis was only used in Tuatschin.
A: word: li	 gloss: DEF.DAT.SG
B: word: crau	 gloss: believe.1SG.1SG
C: word: lingja	 gloss: line
D: word: starmantús	 gloss: terrible.ADJ.UNM
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 20:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Quaj da l’ arvèglja végn dau ___ tgauras.
Gloss (with missing item): DEM.UNM of DEF.F.SG pea.COLL PASS.PRS.3SG give.PTCP.UNM ___ goat.F.PL
The English translation of this sentence is:`The straw of the peas is given to the goats.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The dative \isi{article} is a \isi{definite article}; it the morpheme ___tinguishes \isi{number} but not \isi{gender}. Its forms are di (sg) and the morpheme ___ (pl) or li and lis (\ref{ex:li1}--\ref{ex:li7}). Whereas li, lis were widespread in other Sursilvan dialects as well as in further Romansh varieties such as \ili{Sutsilvan} and \ili{Surmiran}, di, the morpheme ___ was only used in Tuatschin.
A: word: nagina	 gloss: no.F.SG
B: word: dis	 gloss: DEF.DAT.PL
C: word: distùrb’	 gloss: disturb.PRS.1SG
D: word: las	 gloss: DEF.F.PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 21:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): […] tga nagín fravi ségl antir mùn sapi \isi{fá} ___ li èl.
Gloss (with missing item): … COMP no.M.SG smith on.DEF.M.SG whole world can.PRS.SBJV.3SG do.INF ___ DAT.SG 3SG.M
The English translation of this sentence is:`[…] that no smith in the whole world would be able to make [things] like him.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{dative article} was also used its gloss ___ the prepositions ancúntar `towards' (\ref{ex:li8}) and the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___' (\ref{ex:li9}).
A: word: lur	 gloss: then
B: word: aviart	 gloss: open.ADJ.UNM
C: word: sjantar	 gloss: after
D: word: sjantarmjadṣ-dé	 gloss: afternoon
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 22:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): […] tga nagín fravi ségl antir mùn sapi \isi{fá} sjantar ___ èl.
Gloss (with missing item): … COMP no.M.SG smith on.DEF.M.SG whole world can.PRS.SBJV.3SG do.INF after ___ 3SG.M
The English translation of this sentence is:`[…] that no smith in the whole world would be able to make [things] like him.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{dative article} was also used after the prepositions ancúntar `towards' (\ref{ex:the morpheme ___8}) and sjantar `after' (\ref{ex:the morpheme ___9}).
A: word: lingja	 gloss: line
B: word: scùla	 gloss: school.F.SG
C: word: li	 gloss: DAT.SG
D: word: stazjun	 gloss: station
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 23:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Bétga mataj sé scalíns ___ tgauras jastras.
Gloss (with missing item): NEG put.IMP.2PL up bell.M.PL ___ goat.F.PL somebody_else’s.PL
The English translation of this sentence is:`Don’t put bells on somebody else’s goats.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: If the \isi{noun} precludes the use of the \isi{definite article}, the marker the morpheme ___ was used. This is the case if, for instance, the \isi{noun} is modified by an \isi{indefinite article} (\ref{ex:the morpheme ___t:indef:1}) (which is zero-marked if the \isi{noun} is plural (\ref{ex:the morpheme ___t:indef:2})), a \isi{quantifier} (\ref{ex:the morpheme ___t:indef:3}), or a \isi{possessive determiner} (\ref{ex:the morpheme ___t:indef:4}).
A: word: dal	 gloss: of.DEF.M.SG
B: word: da	 gloss: DAT
C: word: adatgí	 gloss: DAT.some
D: word: bùca	 gloss: mouth
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 24:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Bétga mataj sé scalíns da ___ jastras.
Gloss (with missing item): NEG put.IMP.2PL up bell.M.PL DAT ___ somebody_else’s.PL
The English translation of this sentence is:`Don’t put bells on somebody else’s goats.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: If the \isi{noun} precludes the use of the \isi{definite article}, the marker da was used. This is the case if, for instance, the \isi{noun} is modified by an \isi{indefinite article} (\ref{ex:dat:indef:1}) (which is zero-marked if the \isi{noun} is plural (\ref{ex:dat:indef:2})), a \isi{quantifier} (\ref{ex:dat:indef:3}), or a \isi{possessive determiner} (\ref{ex:dat:indef:4}).
A: word: tgauraṣ	 gloss: goat.PL
B: word: lavurṣ	 gloss: work.PL
C: word: crau	 gloss: believe.1SG.1SG
D: word: tgauras	 gloss: goat.F.PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 25:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A grad ajnta ___ Pardatsch èran nus quátar, tschun buéts.
Gloss (with missing item): and precisely in ___ PN COP.IMPF.1PL 1PL four five boy.M.PL
The English translation of this sentence is:`And precisely in Pardatsch we were four, five boys.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In the \isi{demonstrative} paradigms, there is one \isi{syncretism}: the masculine singular \isi{determiner}\footnote{Quaj is also used as a form that may determine place names (see example (\ref{ex:dem.unm.pln}) in this section), but this is not the case for the other three demonstratives.} and the \isi{pronoun} which is \isi{unmarked} for \isi{gender} have the same form: the morpheme ___, gljèz, and tschaj.\footnote{There is no such \isi{syncretism} in the quèst-series since in this paradigm there are no pronouns.} This parallels the \isi{syncretism} in the domain of the \isi{adjective}: the masculine singular \isi{attributive adjective} has the same form as the \isi{predicative} \isi{adjective} whose \isi{antecedent} has no \isi{gender} (see \sectref{sec:3.3.1}).
A: word: car	 gloss: dear.M.SG.UNM
B: word: quajnassé	 gloss: DEM.UNM.in_up
C: word: cunquaj	 gloss: since
D: word: quaj	 gloss: DEM.UNM
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 26:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A grad ajnta quaj ___ èran nus quátar, tschun buéts.
Gloss (with missing item): and precisely in DEM.UNM ___ COP.IMPF.1PL 1PL four five boy.M.PL
The English translation of this sentence is:`And precisely in Pardatsch we were four, five boys.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In the \isi{demonstrative} paradigms, there is one \isi{syncretism}: the masculine singular \isi{determiner}\footnote{Quaj is also used as a form that may determine place names (see example (\ref{ex:dem.unm.pln}) in this section), but this is not the case for the other three demonstratives.} and the \isi{pronoun} which is \isi{unmarked} for \isi{gender} have the same form: quaj, gljèz, and tschaj.\footnote{There is no such \isi{syncretism} in the quèst-series since in this paradigm there are no pronouns.} This parallels the \isi{syncretism} in the domain of the \isi{adjective}: the masculine singular \isi{attributive adjective} has the same form as the \isi{predicative} \isi{adjective} whose \isi{antecedent} has no \isi{gender} (see \sectref{sec:3.3.1}).
A: word: raṣdau	 gloss: speak.PTCP.UNM
B: word: pr̩datsch	 gloss: PN
C: word: pardatsch	 gloss: PN
D: word: anzatgé	 gloss: something
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 27:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A grad ajnta ___ Pardatsch èran nus quátar, tschun buéts.
Gloss (with missing item): and precisely in ___ PN COP.IMPF.1PL 1PL four five boy.M.PL
The English translation of this sentence is:`And precisely in Pardatsch we were four, five boys.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \isi{pronoun} & quèl & quèls & quèla & quèlas & the morpheme ___\footnote{See example (\ref{ex:dem.unm.pln}).}\\
A: word: quajnassé	 gloss: DEM.UNM.in_up
B: word: spérts	 gloss: spirit.PL
C: word: cunquaj	 gloss: since
D: word: quaj	 gloss: DEM.UNM
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 28:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A grad ajnta quaj ___ èran nus quátar, tschun buéts.
Gloss (with missing item): and precisely in DEM.UNM ___ COP.IMPF.1PL 1PL four five boy.M.PL
The English translation of this sentence is:`And precisely in Pardatsch we were four, five boys.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \isi{pronoun} & quèl & quèls & quèla & quèlas & quaj\footnote{See example (\ref{ex:dem.unm.pln}).}\\
A: word: pardatsch	 gloss: PN
B: word: tgi	 gloss: COMP
C: word: raṣdau	 gloss: speak.PTCP.UNM
D: word: pr̩datsch	 gloss: PN
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 29:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A quaj èra mù ___ ganc tras. A quaj gang udéva dad òmaṣdús.
Gloss (with missing item): and DEM.UNM EXIST.IMPF.3SG only ___ corridor through and DEM.M.SG corridor belong.IMPF.3SG DAT both.M.PL
The English translation of this sentence is:‘And there was only one corridor. And this corridor belonged to both [families].’ (Ruèras, m1, \sectref{sec:8.2})
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples (\ref{ex:dem.anaph1} and \ref{ex:dem.anaph2}) illustrate the \isi{anaphoric} function of the determthe morpheme ___ers of the quaj-series.
A: word: vagnida	 gloss: PASS.PTCP.F.SG
B: word: ina	 gloss: INDEF.F.SG
C: word: in	 gloss: one.M.SG
D: word: zacùnda	 gloss: second
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 30:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A quaj èra mù in ___ tras. A quaj gang udéva dad òmaṣdús.
Gloss (with missing item): and DEM.UNM EXIST.IMPF.3SG only one.M.SG ___ through and DEM.M.SG corridor belong.IMPF.3SG DAT both.M.PL
The English translation of this sentence is:‘And there was only one corridor. And this corridor belonged to both [families].’ (Ruèras, m1, \sectref{sec:8.2})
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples (\ref{ex:dem.anaph1} and \ref{ex:dem.anaph2}) illustrate the \isi{anaphoric} function of the determiners of the quaj-series.
A: word: ganc	 gloss: corridor
B: word: ancanùsché̱van	 gloss: know.IMPF.3PL
C: word: baghètg	 gloss: building
D: word: stat	 gloss: stay.PRS.3SG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 31:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A quaj èra mù in ganc tras. A ___ gang udéva dad òmaṣdús.
Gloss (with missing item): and DEM.UNM EXIST.IMPF.3SG only one.M.SG corridor through and ___ corridor belong.IMPF.3SG DAT both.M.PL
The English translation of this sentence is:‘And there was only one corridor. And this corridor belonged to both [families].’ (Ruèras, m1, \sectref{sec:8.2})
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples (\ref{ex:dem.anaph1} and \ref{ex:dem.anaph2}) illustrate the \isi{anaphoric} function of the determiners of the the morpheme ___-series.
A: word: quèsta	 gloss: DEM.F.SG
B: word: òns	 gloss: year.M.PL
C: word: cunquaj	 gloss: since
D: word: quaj	 gloss: DEM.M.SG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 32:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A quaj èra mù in ganc tras. A quaj ___ udéva dad òmaṣdús.
Gloss (with missing item): and DEM.UNM EXIST.IMPF.3SG only one.M.SG corridor through and DEM.M.SG ___ belong.IMPF.3SG DAT both.M.PL
The English translation of this sentence is:‘And there was only one corridor. And this corridor belonged to both [families].’ (Ruèras, m1, \sectref{sec:8.2})
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples (\ref{ex:dem.anaph1} and \ref{ex:dem.anaph2}) illustrate the \isi{anaphoric} function of the determiners of the quaj-series.
A: word: frang	 gloss: franc
B: word: gang	 gloss: corridor
C: word: baghètg	 gloss: building
D: word: nùfs	 gloss: new.M.PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 33:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): [...] nuṣ vajn mùgnṣch a fatg tùt ___ lavurs.
Gloss (with missing item): … 1PL have.PRS.1PL milk.PTCP.UNM and do.PTCP.UNM all ___ work.PL
The English translation of this sentence is:`[...] we milked and did all this work.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples (\ref{ex:dem.anaph1} and \ref{ex:dem.anaph2}) illustrate the \isi{anaphoric} function of the determiners of the quaj-series.
A: word: téc	 gloss: bit
B: word: quèlas	 gloss: DEM.F.PL
C: word: quèla	 gloss: DEM.F.SG
D: word: quèls	 gloss: DEM.M.PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 34:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): In' jèda vèv’ in pur in stauschbèna. ___ vagnéva navèn la nòtg.
Gloss (with missing item): DEF.F.SG time have.IMPF.3SG INDEF.M.SG farmer INDEF.M.SG wheelbarrow ___ come.IMPF.3SG away DEF.F.SG night
The English translation of this sentence is:`Once a farmer had a wheelbarrow. It used to disappear during night.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples (\ref{ex:dempronquel1}) and (\ref{ex:dempronquel2}) illustrate the \isi{anaphoric} function of the \isi{demonstrative} pronouns of the the morpheme ___-series.
A: word: quèls	 gloss: DEM.M.PL
B: word: quèl	 gloss: DEM.M.SG
C: word: dir	 gloss: hard
D: word: quèsta	 gloss: DEM.F.SG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 35:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ è pin.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ COP.PRS.3SG small.ADJ.UNM
The English translation of this sentence is:`Glion is small.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In \sectref{sec:3.3.1} it will be shown that place names are treated as entities without \isi{gender} since they trigger the use of the \isi{unmarked} form of the \isi{adjective} or the participle in \isi{predicative} function (see examples \ref{ex:adj.unm5} and \ref{ex:ptcp.unm1} below). Therefore, in (\ref{ex:dem.unm.pln}) I interpret quaj modifying the \isi{place name} Pardatsch as \isi{unmarked} for \isi{gender} but not as masculine singular.
A: word: raṣdau	 gloss: speak.PTCP.UNM
B: word: ljòngjas	 gloss: sausage.PL
C: word: stèvnṣ	 gloss: must.IMPF.1PL.1PL
D: word: gljòn	 gloss: PN
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 36:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A grad ajnta ___ Pardatsch èran nus quátar, tschun buéts.
Gloss (with missing item): and precisely in ___ PN COP.IMPF.1PL 1PL four five boy.M.PL
The English translation of this sentence is:`And precisely in Pardatsch we were four, five boys.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In \sectref{sec:3.3.1} it will be shown that place names are treated as entities without \isi{gender} since they trigger the use of the \isi{unmarked} form of the \isi{adjective} or the participle in \isi{predicative} function (see examples \ref{ex:adj.unm5} and \ref{ex:ptcp.unm1} below). Therefore, in (\ref{ex:dem.unm.pln}) I interpret the morpheme ___ modifying the \isi{place name} Pardatsch as \isi{unmarked} for \isi{gender} but not as masculine singular.
A: word: quajnassé	 gloss: DEM.UNM.in_up
B: word: quaj	 gloss: DEM.UNM
C: word: gnang	 gloss: not_even
D: word: cunquaj	 gloss: since
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 37:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A grad ajnta quaj ___ èran nus quátar, tschun buéts.
Gloss (with missing item): and precisely in DEM.UNM ___ COP.IMPF.1PL 1PL four five boy.M.PL
The English translation of this sentence is:`And precisely in Pardatsch we were four, five boys.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In \sectref{sec:3.3.1} it will be shown that place names are treated as entities without \isi{gender} since they trigger the use of the \isi{unmarked} form of the \isi{adjective} or the participle in \isi{predicative} function (see examples \ref{ex:adj.unm5} and \ref{ex:ptcp.unm1} below). Therefore, in (\ref{ex:dem.unm.pln}) I interpret quaj modifying the \isi{place name} Pardatsch as \isi{unmarked} for \isi{gender} but not as masculine singular.
A: word: pr̩datsch	 gloss: PN
B: word: lèna	 gloss: wood.COLL
C: word: pardatsch	 gloss: PN
D: word: raṣdau	 gloss: speak.PTCP.UNM
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C