cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 78:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E repa ē, a ___ ko toke mai \ꞌā e te vārua e rua.
Gloss (with missing item): VOC young_man VOC PROP ___ PRF steal hither CONT AG ART spirit NUM two
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Young man, you have been stolen by two spirits.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In \REF{ex:8.75} below, the Patient au is topical\is{Topic, topicality} in the context (the speaker is talking about himself). Example \REF{ex:8.76} marks the start of a new section in a story, with a shift to a new topic; this topic is the object of the clause, hence it is fronted. \REF{ex:8.77} is the start of a direct speech, in which the Patient a the morpheme ___ is clearly topical\is{Topic, topicality}.
A: word: au:	 gloss: 1SG
B: word: koe;	 gloss: 2SG
C: word: koe	 gloss: 2SG
D: word: hana	 gloss: Hana
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 79:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ tū hoi era i e\ꞌa haka\ꞌou ki ruŋa. Ko tū poki era i hiŋa era ki raro he rerehu rō atu \ꞌai.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ DEM horse DIST PFV go_up again to above PROM DEM child DIST PFV fall DIST to below PRED faint EMPH away SUBS
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(The horse and the boy fell.) The horse stood up again. The boy who had fallen down fainted.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Topicalisation tends to happen especially with proper nouns\is{Noun!proper} and pronouns; however, it also occurs with common nouns\is{Noun!common}, as \REF{ex:8.82} above shows. What they all have in common, is that they bring a participant to the front which has been introduced earlier and is known to the hearers.\footnote{\label{fn:424}There are a few interesting exceptions, where topicalisation is used right at the start of a story. The following sentence is an example:
A: word: ko	 gloss: PROM
B: word: māua	 gloss: 1DU.EXCL
C: word: koa	 gloss: happy
D: word: —¿ko	 gloss: ~~~~~PROM
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 80:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ko ___ hoi era i e\ꞌa haka\ꞌou ki ruŋa. Ko tū poki era i hiŋa era ki raro he rerehu rō atu \ꞌai.
Gloss (with missing item): PROM ___ horse DIST PFV go_up again to above PROM DEM child DIST PFV fall DIST to below PRED faint EMPH away SUBS
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(The horse and the boy fell.) The horse stood up again. The boy who had fallen down fainted.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Topicalisation tends to happen especially with proper nouns\is{Noun!proper} and pronouns; however, it also occurs with common nouns\is{Noun!common}, as \REF{ex:8.82} above shows. What they all have in common, is that they bring a participant to the front which has been introduced earlier and is known to the hearers.\footnote{\label{fn:424}There are a few interesting exceptions, where topicalisation is used right at the start of a story. The following sentence is an example:
A: word: suerekao	 gloss: governor
B: word: tūpāhotu	 gloss: Tupahotu
C: word: tuhi	 gloss: Tuhi
D: word: tū	 gloss: DEM
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 81:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ko tū ___ era i e\ꞌa haka\ꞌou ki ruŋa. Ko tū poki era i hiŋa era ki raro he rerehu rō atu \ꞌai.
Gloss (with missing item): PROM DEM ___ DIST PFV go_up again to above PROM DEM child DIST PFV fall DIST to below PRED faint EMPH away SUBS
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(The horse and the boy fell.) The horse stood up again. The boy who had fallen down fainted.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Topicalisation tends to happen especially with proper nouns\is{Noun!proper} and pronouns; however, it also occurs with common nouns\is{Noun!common}, as \REF{ex:8.82} above shows. What they all have in common, is that they bring a participant to the front which has been introduced earlier and is known to the hearers.\footnote{\label{fn:424}There are a few interesting exceptions, where topicalisation is used right at the start of a story. The following sentence is an example:
A: word: hoi	 gloss: horse
B: word: haho	 gloss: outside
C: word: rehu	 gloss: forgotten
D: word: oru	 gloss: pig
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 82:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ko tū hoi ___ i e\ꞌa haka\ꞌou ki ruŋa. Ko tū poki era i hiŋa era ki raro he rerehu rō atu \ꞌai.
Gloss (with missing item): PROM DEM horse ___ PFV go_up again to above PROM DEM child DIST PFV fall DIST to below PRED faint EMPH away SUBS
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(The horse and the boy fell.) The horse stood up again. The boy who had fallen down fainted.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Topicalisation tends to happen especially with proper nouns\is{Noun!proper} and pronouns; however, it also occurs with common nouns\is{Noun!common}, as \REF{ex:8.82} above shows. What they all have in common, is that they bring a participant to the front which has been introduced earlier and is known to the hearers.\footnote{\label{fn:424}There are a few interesting exceptions, where topicalisation is used right at the start of a story. The following sentence is an example:
A: word: tokerau	 gloss: wind
B: word: vaha	 gloss: Vaha
C: word: era	 gloss: DIST
D: word: au:	 gloss: 1SG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 83:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ko tū hoi era i e\ꞌa haka\ꞌou ki ruŋa. ___ tū poki era i hiŋa era ki raro he rerehu rō atu \ꞌai.
Gloss (with missing item): PROM DEM horse DIST PFV go_up again to above ___ DEM child DIST PFV fall DIST to below PRED faint EMPH away SUBS
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(The horse and the boy fell.) The horse stood up again. The boy who had fallen down fainted.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Topicalisation tends to happen especially with proper nouns\is{Noun!proper} and pronouns; however, it also occurs with common nouns\is{Noun!common}, as \REF{ex:8.82} above shows. What they all have in common, is that they bring a participant to the front which has been introduced earlier and is known to the hearers.\footnote{\label{fn:424}There are a few interesting exceptions, where topicalisation is used right at the start of a story. The following sentence is an example:
A: word: koa	 gloss: happy
B: word: rakerake	 gloss: bad:RED
C: word: ko	 gloss: PROM
D: word: vaka	 gloss: boat
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 84:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ko tū hoi era i e\ꞌa haka\ꞌou ki ruŋa. Ko ___ poki era i hiŋa era ki raro he rerehu rō atu \ꞌai.
Gloss (with missing item): PROM DEM horse DIST PFV go_up again to above PROM ___ child DIST PFV fall DIST to below PRED faint EMPH away SUBS
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(The horse and the boy fell.) The horse stood up again. The boy who had fallen down fainted.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Topicalisation tends to happen especially with proper nouns\is{Noun!proper} and pronouns; however, it also occurs with common nouns\is{Noun!common}, as \REF{ex:8.82} above shows. What they all have in common, is that they bring a participant to the front which has been introduced earlier and is known to the hearers.\footnote{\label{fn:424}There are a few interesting exceptions, where topicalisation is used right at the start of a story. The following sentence is an example:
A: word: tū	 gloss: DEM
B: word: tūpāhotu	 gloss: Tupahotu
C: word: suerekao	 gloss: governor
D: word: rēkaro	 gloss: present
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 85:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ko tū hoi era i e\ꞌa haka\ꞌou ki ruŋa. Ko tū ___ era i hiŋa era ki raro he rerehu rō atu \ꞌai.
Gloss (with missing item): PROM DEM horse DIST PFV go_up again to above PROM DEM ___ DIST PFV fall DIST to below PRED faint EMPH away SUBS
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(The horse and the boy fell.) The horse stood up again. The boy who had fallen down fainted.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Topicalisation tends to happen especially with proper nouns\is{Noun!proper} and pronouns; however, it also occurs with common nouns\is{Noun!common}, as \REF{ex:8.82} above shows. What they all have in common, is that they bring a participant to the front which has been introduced earlier and is known to the hearers.\footnote{\label{fn:424}There are a few interesting exceptions, where topicalisation is used right at the start of a story. The following sentence is an example:
A: word: uka	 gloss: girl
B: word: poki	 gloss: child
C: word: moa	 gloss: chicken
D: word: —poki	 gloss: ~~~child
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 86:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ko tū hoi era i e\ꞌa haka\ꞌou ki ruŋa. Ko tū poki ___ i hiŋa era ki raro he rerehu rō atu \ꞌai.
Gloss (with missing item): PROM DEM horse DIST PFV go_up again to above PROM DEM child ___ PFV fall DIST to below PRED faint EMPH away SUBS
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(The horse and the boy fell.) The horse stood up again. The boy who had fallen down fainted.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Topicalisation tends to happen especially with proper nouns\is{Noun!proper} and pronouns; however, it also occurs with common nouns\is{Noun!common}, as \REF{ex:8.82} above shows. What they all have in common, is that they bring a participant to the front which has been introduced earlier and is known to the hearers.\footnote{\label{fn:424}There are a few interesting exceptions, where topicalisation is used right at the start of a story. The following sentence is an example:
A: word: au:	 gloss: 1SG
B: word: era	 gloss: DIST
C: word: tau	 gloss: DEM
D: word: tokerau	 gloss: wind
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 87:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ nua he to\ꞌo i te huri mo hao... Ko Tiare i ma\ꞌu i te karu mautini mo \ꞌoka.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ Mum NTR take ACC ART banana_shoot for plant PROM Tiare PFV carry ACC ART seed pumpkin for plant
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Mum takes the banana shoots to plant... Tiare has brought the pumpkin seeds to plant.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Now it could be argued that Rapa Nui has two types of clefts with different functions:\footnote{\label{fn:426}\citet[38]{Clark1976} points out that in most Polynesian languages, clauses with a topicalised\is{Topicalisation} the morpheme ___{}-marked NP are ambiguous: the the morpheme ___{}-NP can be either predicate (‘it was John who was chopping the yam’) or topic (‘as for John, he was chopping the yam’). Regardless the analysis of topicalised\is{Topicalisation} constructions, it is clear that the two are syntactically distinguished in Rapa Nui.} a focus construction with head noun and a topicalisation construction without head noun. However, there are syntactic reasons not to analyse topicalising constructions as relative clauses\is{Clause!relative}. In relative clauses\is{Clause!relative}, the neutral aspect marker\is{Aspect marker} he\is{he (aspect marker)} is extremely rare (\sectref{sec:11.4.3}), while he is common in topicalisation constructions like \REF{ex:8.81} above.
A: word: koa	 gloss: happy
B: word: tāua	 gloss: 1DU.INCL
C: word: ika	 gloss: fish
D: word: ko	 gloss: PROM
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 88:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ko ___ he to\ꞌo i te huri mo hao... Ko Tiare i ma\ꞌu i te karu mautini mo \ꞌoka.
Gloss (with missing item): PROM ___ NTR take ACC ART banana_shoot for plant PROM Tiare PFV carry ACC ART seed pumpkin for plant
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Mum takes the banana shoots to plant... Tiare has brought the pumpkin seeds to plant.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Now it could be argued that Rapa Nui has two types of clefts with different functions:\footnote{\label{fn:426}\citet[38]{Clark1976} points out that in most Polynesian languages, clauses with a topicalised\is{Topicalisation} ko{}-marked NP are ambiguous: the ko{}-NP can be either predicate (‘it was John who was chopping the yam’) or topic (‘as for John, he was chopping the yam’). Regardless the analysis of topicalised\is{Topicalisation} constructions, it is clear that the two are syntactically distinguished in Rapa Nui.} a focus construction with head noun and a topicalisation construction without head noun. However, there are syntactic reasons not to analyse topicalising constructions as relative clauses\is{Clause!relative}. In relative clauses\is{Clause!relative}, the neutral aspect marker\is{Aspect marker} he\is{he (aspect marker)} is extremely rare (\sectref{sec:11.4.3}), while he is common in topicalisation constructions like \REF{ex:8.81} above.
A: word: henua	 gloss: land
B: word: nua	 gloss: Mum
C: word: tau	 gloss: DEM
D: word: māmā	 gloss: mother
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 89:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ko nua he to\ꞌo i te huri mo hao... ___ Tiare i ma\ꞌu i te karu mautini mo \ꞌoka.
Gloss (with missing item): PROM Mum NTR take ACC ART banana_shoot for plant ___ Tiare PFV carry ACC ART seed pumpkin for plant
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Mum takes the banana shoots to plant... Tiare has brought the pumpkin seeds to plant.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Now it could be argued that Rapa Nui has two types of clefts with different functions:\footnote{\label{fn:426}\citet[38]{Clark1976} points out that in most Polynesian languages, clauses with a topicalised\is{Topicalisation} the morpheme ___{}-marked NP are ambiguous: the the morpheme ___{}-NP can be either predicate (‘it was John who was chopping the yam’) or topic (‘as for John, he was chopping the yam’). Regardless the analysis of topicalised\is{Topicalisation} constructions, it is clear that the two are syntactically distinguished in Rapa Nui.} a focus construction with head noun and a topicalisation construction without head noun. However, there are syntactic reasons not to analyse topicalising constructions as relative clauses\is{Clause!relative}. In relative clauses\is{Clause!relative}, the neutral aspect marker\is{Aspect marker} he\is{he (aspect marker)} is extremely rare (\sectref{sec:11.4.3}), while he is common in topicalisation constructions like \REF{ex:8.81} above.
A: word: māramarama	 gloss: intelligent
B: word: oru	 gloss: pig
C: word: koa	 gloss: happy
D: word: ko	 gloss: PROM
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 90:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ko nua he to\ꞌo i te huri mo hao... Ko ___ i ma\ꞌu i te karu mautini mo \ꞌoka.
Gloss (with missing item): PROM Mum NTR take ACC ART banana_shoot for plant PROM ___ PFV carry ACC ART seed pumpkin for plant
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Mum takes the banana shoots to plant... Tiare has brought the pumpkin seeds to plant.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Now it could be argued that Rapa Nui has two types of clefts with different functions:\footnote{\label{fn:426}\citet[38]{Clark1976} points out that in most Polynesian languages, clauses with a topicalised\is{Topicalisation} ko{}-marked NP are ambiguous: the ko{}-NP can be either predicate (‘it was John who was chopping the yam’) or topic (‘as for John, he was chopping the yam’). Regardless the analysis of topicalised\is{Topicalisation} constructions, it is clear that the two are syntactically distinguished in Rapa Nui.} a focus construction with head noun and a topicalisation construction without head noun. However, there are syntactic reasons not to analyse topicalising constructions as relative clauses\is{Clause!relative}. In relative clauses\is{Clause!relative}, the neutral aspect marker\is{Aspect marker} he\is{he (aspect marker)} is extremely rare (\sectref{sec:11.4.3}), while he is common in topicalisation constructions like \REF{ex:8.81} above.
A: word: toto	 gloss: blood
B: word: tiare;	 gloss: flower
C: word: hora	 gloss: time
D: word: tiare	 gloss: Tiare
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 91:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): \ꞌI rā noho iŋa ___ tu\ꞌu nō mai te aŋa o te nu\ꞌu pa\ꞌari ki tō\ꞌoku koro u\ꞌi.
Gloss (with missing item): at DIST stay NMLZ ___ arrive just hither ART do of ART people adult to POSS.1SG.O Dad look
The English translation of this sentence is:‘At that time the old people always came to see my father (lit. just arriving was the doing of the old people).’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Tthe morpheme ___se constructions mostly have a habitual or continuous sense. Tthe morpheme ___y are very similar to tthe morpheme ___ nominalised actor-emphatic construction (\sectref{sec:8.6.3}), which likewise has a preposed subject followed by a nominalised verb with habitual sense. Tthe morpheme ___y are also similar to constructions in which ko is followed by a nominalised verb (see (\ref{ex:3.23}–\ref{ex:3.24}) in \sectref{sec:3.2.3.1}).
A: word: ¿he	 gloss: ~PRED
B: word: nehenehe	 gloss: beautiful
C: word: he	 gloss: PRED
D: word: eva	 gloss: Eva
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C