cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 134:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): He mana\ꞌu ki te ___ era ō\ꞌona e noho era \ꞌi muri i tō\ꞌona nua era.
Gloss (with missing item): NTR think to ART ___ DIST POSS.3SG.O IPFV stay DIST at near at POSS.3SG.O Mum DIST
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He thought about the time when he lived with his mother.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Thirdly, in causative\is{Causative} constructions, the causee (the S/A of the root verb) is expressed as direct object (DO). However, when the root verb is transitive\is{Verb!transitive}, its Patient is often expressed as DO, in which case the DO position is not available for the causee; in that case the causee is expressed as an oblique, introduced by ki (\sectref{sec:8.12.3}). In the following example, the verb \textit{mana{\ꞌ}u} (which may take a ki{}-marked object, see \REF{ex:8.121} above) is causativised. The causee ki a koe ‘you’ is expressed with ki, not i, which suggests that the DO position is already occupied by the noun phrase ki tū vānaŋa...
A: word: hakaara	 gloss: ancestor
B: word: hora	 gloss: time
C: word: moa	 gloss: chicken
D: word: ¿hora	 gloss: ~~time
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 135:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): He mana\ꞌu ki te hora ___ ō\ꞌona e noho era \ꞌi muri i tō\ꞌona nua era.
Gloss (with missing item): NTR think to ART time ___ POSS.3SG.O IPFV stay DIST at near at POSS.3SG.O Mum DIST
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He thought about the time when he lived with his mother.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Thirdly, in causative\is{Causative} constructions, the causee (the S/A of the root verb) is expressed as direct object (DO). However, when the root verb is transitive\is{Verb!transitive}, its Patient is often expressed as DO, in which case the DO position is not available for the causee; in that case the causee is expressed as an oblique, introduced by ki (\sectref{sec:8.12.3}). In the following example, the verb \textit{mana{\ꞌ}u} (which may take a ki{}-marked object, see \REF{ex:8.121} above) is causativised. The causee ki a koe ‘you’ is expressed with ki, not i, which suggests that the DO position is already occupied by the noun phrase ki tū vānaŋa...
A: word: tokerau	 gloss: wind
B: word: ira	 gloss: ANA
C: word: au:	 gloss: 1SG
D: word: era	 gloss: DIST
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 136:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): He oho au he ho\ꞌo ___ kūmara.
Gloss (with missing item): NTR go 1SG NTR buy ___ sweet_potato
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I’m going to buy sweet potatoes.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sometimes a Patient or Theme is not expressed as direct object, but as an instrument phrase, marked with the instrumental preposition the morpheme ___. This preposition (\sectref{sec:4.7.9}) is usually not followed by a determiner (\sectref{sec:5.3.2.2}) and marks a non-specific\is{Specific reference!non-specific reference} entity.\footnote{\label{fn:438}The the morpheme ___{}-marked Patient in \REF{ex:8.131} could be considered a “demoted object”, which would imply that the construction in \REF{ex:8.131} is derived from the one in \REF{ex:8.130}. While this may seem plausible in some cases, in other cases it is not at all clear that the construction with Patient as DO is more basic than the instrumental construction (see the discussion on (\ref{ex:8.136}–\ref{ex:8.139}) below). \citet{Goldberg1995} argues that it is unnecessary and often unwarranted to assume a transformational relationship between two constructions with alternative argument expression.}
A: word: nua	 gloss: Mum
B: word: mātaki	 gloss: open
C: word: ¿hai	 gloss: ~INS
D: word: hai	 gloss: INS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 137:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): He oho au he ho\ꞌo ___ kūmara.
Gloss (with missing item): NTR go 1SG NTR buy ___ sweet_potato
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I’m going to buy sweet potatoes.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sometimes a Patient or Theme is not expressed as direct object, but as an instrument phrase, marked with the instrumental preposition the morpheme ___. This preposition (\sectref{sec:4.7.9}) is usually not followed by a determiner (\sectref{sec:5.3.2.2}) and marks a non-specific\is{Specific reference!non-specific reference} entity.\footnote{\label{fn:438}The the morpheme ___{}-marked Patient in \REF{ex:8.131} could be considered a “demoted object”, which would imply that the construction in \REF{ex:8.131} is derived from the one in \REF{ex:8.130}. While this may seem plausible in some cases, in other cases it is not at all clear that the construction with Patient as DO is more basic than the instrumental construction (see the discussion on (\ref{ex:8.136}–\ref{ex:8.139}) below). \citet{Goldberg1995} argues that it is unnecessary and often unwarranted to assume a transformational relationship between two constructions with alternative argument expression.}
A: word: haraoa	 gloss: bread
B: word: hai	 gloss: INS
C: word: ¿hai	 gloss: ~INS
D: word: aŋa	 gloss: work
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 138:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): He iri māua ki \ꞌuta, he ho\ꞌo mai ___ te mareni.
Gloss (with missing item): NTR ascend 1DU.EXCL to inland NTR buy hither ___ ART watermelon
The English translation of this sentence is:‘We went inland and bought a watermelon.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sometthe morpheme ___mes a Patthe morpheme ___ent or Theme the morpheme ___s not expressed as dthe morpheme ___rect object, but as an the morpheme ___nstrument phrase, marked wthe morpheme ___th the the morpheme ___nstrumental preposthe morpheme ___tthe morpheme ___on hathe morpheme ___. Ththe morpheme ___s preposthe morpheme ___tthe morpheme ___on (\sectref{sec:4.7.9}) the morpheme ___s usually not followed by a determthe morpheme ___ner (\sectref{sec:5.3.2.2}) and marks a non-specthe morpheme ___fthe morpheme ___c\the morpheme ___s{Specthe morpheme ___fthe morpheme ___c reference!non-specthe morpheme ___fthe morpheme ___c reference} entthe morpheme ___ty.\footnote{\label{fn:438}The hathe morpheme ___{}-marked Patthe morpheme ___ent the morpheme ___n \REF{ex:8.131} could be consthe morpheme ___dered a “demoted object”, whthe morpheme ___ch would the morpheme ___mply that the constructthe morpheme ___on the morpheme ___n \REF{ex:8.131} the morpheme ___s derthe morpheme ___ved from the one the morpheme ___n \REF{ex:8.130}. Whthe morpheme ___le ththe morpheme ___s may seem plausthe morpheme ___ble the morpheme ___n some cases, the morpheme ___n other cases the morpheme ___t the morpheme ___s not at all clear that the constructthe morpheme ___on wthe morpheme ___th Patthe morpheme ___ent as DO the morpheme ___s more basthe morpheme ___c than the the morpheme ___nstrumental constructthe morpheme ___on (see the dthe morpheme ___scussthe morpheme ___on on (\ref{ex:8.136}–\ref{ex:8.139}) below). \cthe morpheme ___tet{Goldberg1995} argues that the morpheme ___t the morpheme ___s unnecessary and often unwarranted to assume a transformatthe morpheme ___onal relatthe morpheme ___onshthe morpheme ___p between two constructthe morpheme ___ons wthe morpheme ___th alternatthe morpheme ___ve argument expressthe morpheme ___on.}
A: word: mai	 gloss: hither
B: word: runu	 gloss: gather
C: word: tikitiki	 gloss: Tikitiki
D: word: i	 gloss: ACC
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 139:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): He iri māua ki \ꞌuta, he ho\ꞌo mai i ___ mareni.
Gloss (with missing item): NTR ascend 1DU.EXCL to inland NTR buy hither ACC ___ watermelon
The English translation of this sentence is:‘We went inland and bought a watermelon.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sometimes a Patient or Theme is not expressed as direct object, but as an instrument phrase, marked with the instrumental preposition hai. This preposition (\sectref{sec:4.7.9}) is usually not followed by a dethe morpheme ___rminer (\sectref{sec:5.3.2.2}) and marks a non-specific\is{Specific reference!non-specific reference} entity.\footnothe morpheme ___{\label{fn:438}The hai{}-marked Patient in \REF{ex:8.131} could be considered a “demothe morpheme ___d object”, which would imply that the construction in \REF{ex:8.131} is derived from the one in \REF{ex:8.130}. While this may seem plausible in some cases, in other cases it is not at all clear that the construction with Patient as DO is more basic than the instrumental construction (see the discussion on (\ref{ex:8.136}–\ref{ex:8.139}) below). \cithe morpheme ___t{Goldberg1995} argues that it is unnecessary and ofthe morpheme ___n unwarranthe morpheme ___d to assume a transformational relationship between two constructions with althe morpheme ___rnative argument expression.}
A: word: roaroa	 gloss: distant:RED
B: word: mate	 gloss: die
C: word: te	 gloss: ART
D: word: tāpura	 gloss: Tapura
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 140:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): \ꞌI ira e hāpī era i te tau ___ te matā.
Gloss (with missing item): at ANA IPFV learn DIST ACC ART throw ___ ART obsidian
The English translation of this sentence is:‘There he learned to throw obsidian spear points.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sometthe morpheme ___mes a Patthe morpheme ___ent or Theme the morpheme ___s not expressed as dthe morpheme ___rect object, but as an the morpheme ___nstrument phrase, marked wthe morpheme ___th the the morpheme ___nstrumental preposthe morpheme ___tthe morpheme ___on hathe morpheme ___. Ththe morpheme ___s preposthe morpheme ___tthe morpheme ___on (\sectref{sec:4.7.9}) the morpheme ___s usually not followed by a determthe morpheme ___ner (\sectref{sec:5.3.2.2}) and marks a non-specthe morpheme ___fthe morpheme ___c\the morpheme ___s{Specthe morpheme ___fthe morpheme ___c reference!non-specthe morpheme ___fthe morpheme ___c reference} entthe morpheme ___ty.\footnote{\label{fn:438}The hathe morpheme ___{}-marked Patthe morpheme ___ent the morpheme ___n \REF{ex:8.131} could be consthe morpheme ___dered a “demoted object”, whthe morpheme ___ch would the morpheme ___mply that the constructthe morpheme ___on the morpheme ___n \REF{ex:8.131} the morpheme ___s derthe morpheme ___ved from the one the morpheme ___n \REF{ex:8.130}. Whthe morpheme ___le ththe morpheme ___s may seem plausthe morpheme ___ble the morpheme ___n some cases, the morpheme ___n other cases the morpheme ___t the morpheme ___s not at all clear that the constructthe morpheme ___on wthe morpheme ___th Patthe morpheme ___ent as DO the morpheme ___s more basthe morpheme ___c than the the morpheme ___nstrumental constructthe morpheme ___on (see the dthe morpheme ___scussthe morpheme ___on on (\ref{ex:8.136}–\ref{ex:8.139}) below). \cthe morpheme ___tet{Goldberg1995} argues that the morpheme ___t the morpheme ___s unnecessary and often unwarranted to assume a transformatthe morpheme ___onal relatthe morpheme ___onshthe morpheme ___p between two constructthe morpheme ___ons wthe morpheme ___th alternatthe morpheme ___ve argument expressthe morpheme ___on.}
A: word: toke	 gloss: steal
B: word: i	 gloss: ACC
C: word: noho	 gloss: stay
D: word: mai	 gloss: hither
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 141:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): \ꞌI ira e hāpī era i te tau i ___ matā.
Gloss (with missing item): at ANA IPFV learn DIST ACC ART throw ACC ___ obsidian
The English translation of this sentence is:‘There he learned to throw obsidian spear points.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sometimes a Patient or Theme is not expressed as direct object, but as an instrument phrase, marked with the instrumental preposition hai. This preposition (\sectref{sec:4.7.9}) is usually not followed by a dethe morpheme ___rminer (\sectref{sec:5.3.2.2}) and marks a non-specific\is{Specific reference!non-specific reference} entity.\footnothe morpheme ___{\label{fn:438}The hai{}-marked Patient in \REF{ex:8.131} could be considered a “demothe morpheme ___d object”, which would imply that the construction in \REF{ex:8.131} is derived from the one in \REF{ex:8.130}. While this may seem plausible in some cases, in other cases it is not at all clear that the construction with Patient as DO is more basic than the instrumental construction (see the discussion on (\ref{ex:8.136}–\ref{ex:8.139}) below). \cithe morpheme ___t{Goldberg1995} argues that it is unnecessary and ofthe morpheme ___n unwarranthe morpheme ___d to assume a transformational relationship between two constructions with althe morpheme ___rnative argument expression.}
A: word: ¿ki	 gloss: ~to
B: word: te	 gloss: ART
C: word: taŋi	 gloss: cry
D: word: mate	 gloss: die
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 142:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): He oho au he ho\ꞌo ___ kūmara.
Gloss (with missing item): NTR go 1SG NTR buy ___ sweet_potato
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I’m going to buy sweet potatoes.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: This construction only occurs when the Patient is non-specific\is{Specific reference!non-specific reference}. The entity may be unknown (e.g. something which is being sought, bought or asked for) as in \REF{ex:8.131}, but this is not necessarily so. Two pairs of examples: \REF{ex:8.130} and \REF{ex:8.132} show the usual construction with the Patient as DO, while in \REF{ex:8.131} and \REF{ex:8.133} the same argument is marked with the morpheme ___.\footnote{\label{fn:439}Notice that non-specific\is{Specific reference!non-specific reference} objects can also be constructed with a \textsc{acc} marker + determiner; see examples (\ref{ex:5.34}–\ref{ex:5.36}) in section \sectref{sec:5.3.3}.}
A: word: ¿hai	 gloss: ~INS
B: word: norte	 gloss: north
C: word: hānau	 gloss: race
D: word: hai	 gloss: INS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 143:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): He iri māua ki \ꞌuta, he ho\ꞌo mai ___ te mareni.
Gloss (with missing item): NTR ascend 1DU.EXCL to inland NTR buy hither ___ ART watermelon
The English translation of this sentence is:‘We went inland and bought a watermelon.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Ththe morpheme ___s constructthe morpheme ___on only occurs when the Patthe morpheme ___ent the morpheme ___s non-specthe morpheme ___fthe morpheme ___c\the morpheme ___s{Specthe morpheme ___fthe morpheme ___c reference!non-specthe morpheme ___fthe morpheme ___c reference}. The entthe morpheme ___ty may be unknown (e.g. someththe morpheme ___ng whthe morpheme ___ch the morpheme ___s bethe morpheme ___ng sought, bought or asked for) as the morpheme ___n \REF{ex:8.131}, but ththe morpheme ___s the morpheme ___s not necessarthe morpheme ___ly so. Two pathe morpheme ___rs of examples: \REF{ex:8.130} and \REF{ex:8.132} show the usual constructthe morpheme ___on wthe morpheme ___th the Patthe morpheme ___ent as DO, whthe morpheme ___le the morpheme ___n \REF{ex:8.131} and \REF{ex:8.133} the same argument the morpheme ___s marked wthe morpheme ___th hathe morpheme ___.\footnote{\label{fn:439}Notthe morpheme ___ce that non-specthe morpheme ___fthe morpheme ___c\the morpheme ___s{Specthe morpheme ___fthe morpheme ___c reference!non-specthe morpheme ___fthe morpheme ___c reference} objects can also be constructed wthe morpheme ___th a \textsc{acc} marker + determthe morpheme ___ner; see examples (\ref{ex:5.34}–\ref{ex:5.36}) the morpheme ___n sectthe morpheme ___on \sectref{sec:5.3.3}.}
A: word: —¡ko	 gloss: ~~~~PRF
B: word: i	 gloss: ACC
C: word: hānau	 gloss: race
D: word: mai	 gloss: hither
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 144:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): He iri māua ki \ꞌuta, he ho\ꞌo mai i ___ mareni.
Gloss (with missing item): NTR ascend 1DU.EXCL to inland NTR buy hither ACC ___ watermelon
The English translation of this sentence is:‘We went inland and bought a watermelon.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: This construction only occurs when the Patient is non-specific\is{Specific reference!non-specific reference}. The entity may be unknown (e.g. something which is being sought, bought or asked for) as in \REF{ex:8.131}, but this is not necessarily so. Two pairs of examples: \REF{ex:8.130} and \REF{ex:8.132} show the usual construction with the Patient as DO, while in \REF{ex:8.131} and \REF{ex:8.133} the same argument is marked with hai.\footnothe morpheme ___{\label{fn:439}Notice that non-specific\is{Specific reference!non-specific reference} objects can also be constructhe morpheme ___d with a \the morpheme ___xtsc{acc} marker + dethe morpheme ___rminer; see examples (\ref{ex:5.34}–\ref{ex:5.36}) in section \sectref{sec:5.3.3}.}
A: word: vaha	 gloss: Vaha
B: word: pāpātio	 gloss: uncle
C: word: mate	 gloss: die
D: word: te	 gloss: ART
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 145:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): He noho ararua he kai ___ te haraoa, he unu i te ū.
Gloss (with missing item): NTR sit the_two NTR eat ___ ART bread NTR drink ACC ART milk
The English translation of this sentence is:‘They sat down together, ate bread and drank milk.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Ththe morpheme ___s constructthe morpheme ___on only occurs when the Patthe morpheme ___ent the morpheme ___s non-specthe morpheme ___fthe morpheme ___c\the morpheme ___s{Specthe morpheme ___fthe morpheme ___c reference!non-specthe morpheme ___fthe morpheme ___c reference}. The entthe morpheme ___ty may be unknown (e.g. someththe morpheme ___ng whthe morpheme ___ch the morpheme ___s bethe morpheme ___ng sought, bought or asked for) as the morpheme ___n \REF{ex:8.131}, but ththe morpheme ___s the morpheme ___s not necessarthe morpheme ___ly so. Two pathe morpheme ___rs of examples: \REF{ex:8.130} and \REF{ex:8.132} show the usual constructthe morpheme ___on wthe morpheme ___th the Patthe morpheme ___ent as DO, whthe morpheme ___le the morpheme ___n \REF{ex:8.131} and \REF{ex:8.133} the same argument the morpheme ___s marked wthe morpheme ___th hathe morpheme ___.\footnote{\label{fn:439}Notthe morpheme ___ce that non-specthe morpheme ___fthe morpheme ___c\the morpheme ___s{Specthe morpheme ___fthe morpheme ___c reference!non-specthe morpheme ___fthe morpheme ___c reference} objects can also be constructed wthe morpheme ___th a \textsc{acc} marker + determthe morpheme ___ner; see examples (\ref{ex:5.34}–\ref{ex:5.36}) the morpheme ___n sectthe morpheme ___on \sectref{sec:5.3.3}.}
A: word: taŋata	 gloss: person
B: word: i	 gloss: ACC
C: word: mai	 gloss: hither
D: word: omoaŋa	 gloss: Omoanga
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B