cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 245:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ¿Ko ŋaro\ꞌa \ꞌana e koe, ___ Hana ē?
Gloss (with missing item): ~PRF perceive CONT AG 2SG ___ Hana VOC
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Did you hear that, Hana?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As \REF{the morpheme ___x:8.215} and \REF{the morpheme ___x:8.216} show, ththe morpheme ___ the morpheme ___nd of a vocativthe morpheme ___\is{Vocativthe morpheme ___} phrasthe morpheme ___ is oftthe morpheme ___n markthe morpheme ___d by ē.\footnotthe morpheme ___{\labthe morpheme ___l{fn:453}This particlthe morpheme ___ is glossthe morpheme ___d \tthe morpheme ___xtsc{voc}, but it may bthe morpheme ___ comparthe morpheme ___d to two oththe morpheme ___r particlthe morpheme ___s ē which occur bthe morpheme ___forthe morpheme ___ a pausthe morpheme ___: ē in ththe morpheme ___ the morpheme ___xprthe morpheme ___ssion pē nthe morpheme ___i ē ‘thus’, which occurs bthe morpheme ___forthe morpheme ___ an indirthe morpheme ___ct spthe morpheme ___the morpheme ___ch (\sthe morpheme ___ctrthe morpheme ___f{sthe morpheme ___c:4.6.5.1}), and ē indicating an ongoing the morpheme ___vthe morpheme ___nt (found the morpheme ___.g. in \REF{the morpheme ___x:7.159} on p.~\pagthe morpheme ___rthe morpheme ___f{the morpheme ___x:7.159}).} This particlthe morpheme ___ is always usthe morpheme ___d whthe morpheme ___n ththe morpheme ___ vocativthe morpheme ___\is{Vocativthe morpheme ___} occurs in ththe morpheme ___ middlthe morpheme ___ or at ththe morpheme ___ the morpheme ___nd of a clausthe morpheme ___, but rarthe morpheme ___ly with initial vocativthe morpheme ___s.
A: word: e	 gloss: VOC
B: word: nehenehe	 gloss: beautiful
C: word: rehu	 gloss: forgotten
D: word: taŋi	 gloss: cry
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 246:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ¿Ko ŋaro\ꞌa \ꞌana e koe, e ___ ē?
Gloss (with missing item): ~PRF perceive CONT AG 2SG VOC ___ VOC
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Did you hear that, Hana?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As \REF{ex:8.215} and \REF{ex:8.216} show, the end of a vocative\is{Vocative} phrase is often marked by ē.\footnote{\label{fn:453}This particle is glossed \textsc{voc}, but it may be compared to two other particles ē which occur before a pause: ē in the expression pē nei ē ‘thus’, which occurs before an indirect speech (\sectref{sec:4.6.5.1}), and ē indicating an ongoing event (found e.g. in \REF{ex:7.159} on p.~\pageref{ex:7.159}).} This particle is always used when the vocative\is{Vocative} occurs in the middle or at the end of a clause, but rarely with initial vocatives.
A: word: ruŋa	 gloss: above
B: word: ¿mahana	 gloss: ~day
C: word: hana	 gloss: Hana
D: word: kuha	 gloss: Kuha
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 247:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ¿Ko ŋaro\ꞌa \ꞌana e koe, e Hana ___
Gloss (with missing item): ~PRF perceive CONT AG 2SG VOC Hana ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Did you hear that, Hana?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As \REF{ex:8.215} and \REF{ex:8.216} show, the end of a vocative\is{Vocative} phrase is often marked by the morpheme ___.\footnote{\label{fn:453}This particle is glossed \textsc{voc}, but it may be compared to two other particles the morpheme ___ which occur before a pause: the morpheme ___ in the expression pthe morpheme ___ nei the morpheme ___ ‘thus’, which occurs before an indirect speech (\sectref{sec:4.6.5.1}), and the morpheme ___ indicating an ongoing event (found e.g. in \REF{ex:7.159} on p.~\pageref{ex:7.159}).} This particle is always used when the vocative\is{Vocative} occurs in the middle or at the end of a clause, but rarely with initial vocatives.
A: word: ¿hē	 gloss: ~CQ
B: word: ahi	 gloss: fire
C: word: roŋotakahiu	 gloss: Rongotakahiu
D: word: ē	 gloss: VOC
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 248:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ e\ꞌa nei te taŋata nei \ꞌi tū ra\ꞌā era he oho mai ē...
Gloss (with missing item): ___ go_out PROX ART man PROX at DEM day DIST NTR go hither on_and_on
The English translation of this sentence is:‘When this man had gone out that day, he kept going...’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As \REF{ex:8.215} and \REF{ex:8.216} show, the end of a vocatthe morpheme ___ve\the morpheme ___s{Vocatthe morpheme ___ve} phrase the morpheme ___s often marked by ē.\footnote{\label{fn:453}Ththe morpheme ___s partthe morpheme ___cle the morpheme ___s glossed \textsc{voc}, but the morpheme ___t may be compared to two other partthe morpheme ___cles ē whthe morpheme ___ch occur before a pause: ē the morpheme ___n the expressthe morpheme ___on pē nethe morpheme ___ ē ‘thus’, whthe morpheme ___ch occurs before an the morpheme ___ndthe morpheme ___rect speech (\sectref{sec:4.6.5.1}), and ē the morpheme ___ndthe morpheme ___catthe morpheme ___ng an ongothe morpheme ___ng event (found e.g. the morpheme ___n \REF{ex:7.159} on p.~\pageref{ex:7.159}).} Ththe morpheme ___s partthe morpheme ___cle the morpheme ___s always used when the vocatthe morpheme ___ve\the morpheme ___s{Vocatthe morpheme ___ve} occurs the morpheme ___n the mthe morpheme ___ddle or at the end of a clause, but rarely wthe morpheme ___th the morpheme ___nthe morpheme ___tthe morpheme ___al vocatthe morpheme ___ves.
A: word: hai	 gloss: INS
B: word: mai	 gloss: hither
C: word: i	 gloss: PFV
D: word: tema	 gloss: Tema
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 249:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): I e\ꞌa ___ te taŋata nei \ꞌi tū ra\ꞌā era he oho mai ē...
Gloss (with missing item): PFV go_out ___ ART man PROX at DEM day DIST NTR go hither on_and_on
The English translation of this sentence is:‘When this man had gone out that day, he kept going...’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As \REF{ex:8.215} and \REF{ex:8.216} show, the end of a vocative\is{Vocative} phrase is often marked by ē.\footnote{\label{fn:453}This particle is glossed \textsc{voc}, but it may be compared to two other particles ē which occur before a pause: ē in the expression pē the morpheme ___ ē ‘thus’, which occurs before an indirect speech (\sectref{sec:4.6.5.1}), and ē indicating an ongoing event (found e.g. in \REF{ex:7.159} on p.~\pageref{ex:7.159}).} This particle is always used when the vocative\is{Vocative} occurs in the middle or at the end of a clause, but rarely with initial vocatives.
A: word: nei:	 gloss: PROX
B: word: koā	 gloss: COLL
C: word: nei	 gloss: PROX
D: word: ika	 gloss: fish
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 250:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E ___ koro\ꞌiti koe ana vānaŋa mai.
Gloss (with missing item): EXH ___ softly 2SG IRR speak hither
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Speak softly (lit. make softly when you speak)!’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Haka is used with intransitive\is{Verb!intransitive} verbs, transitive\is{Verb!transitive} verbs, adjectives and nouns; examples will be given in the following sections. Furthermore, it is used with copula verbs\is{Verb!copula} (see \REF{ex:8.239} below)\footnote{\label{fn:454}According to \citet[251]{Dixon2012}, this is crosslinguistically unusual.} and with adverbs (see \REF{ex:8.249}). There are no examples in the corpus where it is used with locationals\is{Locational}.
A: word: hakapupa	 gloss: nest
B: word: haka	 gloss: CAUS
C: word: kahu	 gloss: clothes
D: word: kava	 gloss: Kava
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 251:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Te tire e haŋa rō \ꞌā mo ___ \ꞌata māramarama i a rāua.
Gloss (with missing item): ART Chile IPFV want EMPH IDENT for ___ more intelligent ACC PROP 3PL
The English translation of this sentence is:‘The Chileans want to pass themselves off as smarter.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Regarding the morphological status of the morpheme ___: in many analyses of Polynesian languages, the morpheme ___ is considered a prefix and written together with the root. Semantic motivations may play a role here: the morpheme ___ + root forms a derived verb with its own argument structure, often with a lexicalised (i.e. non-predictable) meaning. However, phonologically and morphologically the morpheme ___ is no different from preverbal particles. There is no phonological integration with the root: the morpheme ___ does not affect the root phonologically any more than particles do. Moreover, the morpheme ___ may be separated from the root by preverbal particles, both degree modifiers (see \REF{ex:8.250} below) and the constituent negator \textit{ta{\ꞌ}e}:
A: word: haka	 gloss: CAUS
B: word: pūai	 gloss: strong
C: word: hakapupa	 gloss: nest
D: word: kava	 gloss: Kava
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 252:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Te tire e haŋa rō \ꞌā mo haka \ꞌata ___ i a rāua.
Gloss (with missing item): ART Chile IPFV want EMPH IDENT for CAUS more ___ ACC PROP 3PL
The English translation of this sentence is:‘The Chileans want to pass themselves off as smarter.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Regarding the morphological status of haka: in many analyses of Polynesian languages, haka is considered a prefix and written together with the root. Semantic motivations may play a role here: haka + root forms a derived verb with its own argument structure, often with a lexicalised (i.e. non-predictable) meaning. However, phonologically and morphologically haka is no different from preverbal particles. There is no phonological integration with the root: haka does not affect the root phonologically any more than particles do. Moreover, haka may be separated from the root by preverbal particles, both degree modifiers (see \REF{ex:8.250} below) and the constituent negator \textit{ta{\ꞌ}e}:
A: word: vaha	 gloss: Vaha
B: word: māramarama	 gloss: intelligent
C: word: científico	 gloss: scientist
D: word: marama	 gloss: month
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 253:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): I totomo era ki \ꞌuta, e ___ rō \ꞌā te ahi.
Gloss (with missing item): PFV PL:go_ashore DIST to inland IPFV ___ EMPH IDENT ART fire
The English translation of this sentence is:‘When they came ashore, a fire was burning.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In many cases haka expresses direct causation, as illustrated by the following pair of examples. In \REF{ex:8.221} the Theme argument ‘the fire’ is the subject; in \REF{ex:8.222}, an (implicit) Agent has been added, expressing the persons causing the fire to its gloss ___; the Theme argument is now expressed as direct object.
A: word: kahu	 gloss: clothes
B: word: hū	 gloss: burn
C: word: tetu	 gloss: enormous
D: word: hūrio	 gloss: Jew
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 254:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): He noho he ___ hū i te ahi.
Gloss (with missing item): NTR sit NTR ___ burn ACC ART fire
The English translation of this sentence is:‘They sat down and lighted (made burn) the fire.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In many cases the morpheme ___ expresses direct causation, as illustrated by the following pair of examples. In \REF{ex:8.221} the Theme argument ‘the fire’ is the subject; in \REF{ex:8.222}, an (implicit) Agent has been added, expressing the persons causing the fire to burn; the Theme argument is now expressed as direct object.
A: word: hakapupa	 gloss: nest
B: word: haka	 gloss: CAUS
C: word: ika	 gloss: fish
D: word: kava	 gloss: Kava
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 255:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): He noho he haka ___ i te ahi.
Gloss (with missing item): NTR sit NTR CAUS ___ ACC ART fire
The English translation of this sentence is:‘They sat down and lighted (made burn) the fire.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In many cases haka expresses direct causation, as illustrated by the following pair of examples. In \REF{ex:8.221} the Theme argument ‘the fire’ is the subject; in \REF{ex:8.222}, an (implicit) Agent has been added, expressing the persons causing the fire to its gloss ___; the Theme argument is now expressed as direct object.
A: word: tūava	 gloss: guava
B: word: mai	 gloss: hither
C: word: hūrio	 gloss: Jew
D: word: hū	 gloss: burn
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 256:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): He ___ oho i te ŋā poki ki haho mo kokori.
Gloss (with missing item): NTR ___ go ACC ART PL child to outside for PL:play
The English translation of this sentence is:‘She made the children go outside to play.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: This example involves an inanimate argument and a non-agentive verb. With agentive verbs, the Agent of the root (the causee) is often actively involved in the event, despite the presence of additional Agent (the causer). In \REF{ex:8.224} the children are just as much the Agent of going as in \REF{ex:8.223}, even though another Agent has been added.
A: word: tuhi	 gloss: Tuhi
B: word: kava	 gloss: Kava
C: word: hakapupa	 gloss: nest
D: word: haka	 gloss: CAUS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 257:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): He haka ___ i te ŋā poki ki haho mo kokori.
Gloss (with missing item): NTR CAUS ___ ACC ART PL child to outside for PL:play
The English translation of this sentence is:‘She made the children go outside to play.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: This example involves an inanimate argument and a non-agentive verb. With agentive verbs, the Agent of the root (the causee) is often actively involved in the event, despite the presence of additional Agent (the causer). In \REF{ex:8.224} the children are just as much the Agent of its gloss ___ing as in \REF{ex:8.223}, even though another Agent has been added.
A: word: hoi	 gloss: horse
B: word: oho	 gloss: go
C: word: turu	 gloss: go_down
D: word: noho	 gloss: stay
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 258:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): \ꞌI te ahiahi he ___ te ŋā poki ki Mataveri.
Gloss (with missing item): at ART afternoon NTR ___ ART PL child to Mataveri
The English translation of this sentence is:‘In the afternoon, the children went to Mataveri.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: This example involves an inanimate argument and a non-agentive verb. With agentive verbs, the Agent of the root (the causee) is often actively involved in the event, despite the presence of additional Agent (the causer). In \REF{ex:8.224} the children are just as much the Agent of its gloss ___ing as in \REF{ex:8.223}, even though another Agent has been added.
A: word: oho	 gloss: go
B: word: poki	 gloss: child
C: word: noho	 gloss: stay
D: word: turu	 gloss: go_down
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 259:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E ko ___ koe i a au.
Gloss (with missing item): IPFV NEG.IPFV ___ 2SG at PROP 1SG
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I won’t forget you (lit. you won’t be forgotten to/by me).’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Non-agentive verbs – which have a Theme as subject – become agentive by causativisation, as the following pair of examples shows. In \REF{ex:8.226}, the subject koe is Theme, while i marks the Agent (\sectref{sec:8.6.4.7} on non-argument Agents). In \REF{ex:8.227}, the subject koe is Agent, while i marks the direct object.
A: word: ŋaro	 gloss: disappear
B: word: rerehu	 gloss: faint
C: word: mataroa	 gloss: sailor
D: word: rehu	 gloss: forgotten
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 260:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): \ꞌIna koe ko ___ rehu i a au.
Gloss (with missing item): NEG 2SG NEG.IPFV ___ forgotten ACC PROP 1SG
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Don’t forget me.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Non-agentive verbs – which have a Theme as subject – become agentive by causativisation, as the following pair of examples shows. In \REF{ex:8.226}, the subject koe is Theme, while i marks the Agent (\sectref{sec:8.6.4.7} on non-argument Agents). In \REF{ex:8.227}, the subject koe is Agent, while i marks the direct object.
A: word: kava	 gloss: Kava
B: word: hakapupa	 gloss: nest
C: word: haraoa	 gloss: bread
D: word: haka	 gloss: CAUS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 261:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): \ꞌIna koe ko haka ___ i a au.
Gloss (with missing item): NEG 2SG NEG.IPFV CAUS ___ ACC PROP 1SG
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Don’t forget me.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Non-agentive verbs – which have a Theme as subject – become agentive by causativisation, as the following pair of examples shows. In \REF{ex:8.226}, the subject koe is Theme, while i marks the Agent (\sectref{sec:8.6.4.7} on non-argument Agents). In \REF{ex:8.227}, the subject koe is Agent, while i marks the direct object.
A: word: poki	 gloss: child
B: word: rehu	 gloss: forgotten
C: word: rerehu	 gloss: faint
D: word: ŋaro	 gloss: disappear
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B