cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 18:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): He tute he oho e te vi\ꞌe nei... \ꞌe he ___ rō atu \ꞌai.
Gloss (with missing item): NTR chase NTR go AG ART woman PROX and NTR ___ EMPH away SUBS
The English translation of this sentence is:‘The woman chased the fish.... but it disappeared.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \textit{He V rō {\ꞌ}ai}\is{he (aspect marker)!he V rō {\ꞌ}ai} is also used at points of emotional intensity; in the following example (from the same story as \REF{ex:7.12}), the mother is grieved because her child has disappeared.
A: word: mai	 gloss: hither
B: word: ŋāŋaro	 gloss: PL:disappear
C: word: ŋaro	 gloss: disapeaar
D: word: hāŋai	 gloss: feed
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 19:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): He tute he oho e te vi\ꞌe nei... \ꞌe he ŋaro ___ atu \ꞌai.
Gloss (with missing item): NTR chase NTR go AG ART woman PROX and NTR disapeaar ___ away SUBS
The English translation of this sentence is:‘The woman chased the fish.... but it disappeared.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \textit{He V the morpheme ___ {\ꞌ}ai}\is{he (aspect marker)!he V the morpheme ___ {\ꞌ}ai} is also used at points of emotional intensity; in the following example (from the same story as \REF{ex:7.12}), the mother is grieved because her child has disappeared.
A: word: paurō	 gloss: every
B: word: veveri	 gloss: startled
C: word: puā	 gloss: touch
D: word: rō	 gloss: EMPH
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 20:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): He tute he oho e te vi\ꞌe nei... \ꞌe he ŋaro rō ___ \ꞌai.
Gloss (with missing item): NTR chase NTR go AG ART woman PROX and NTR disapeaar EMPH ___ SUBS
The English translation of this sentence is:‘The woman chased the fish.... but it disappeared.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \textit{He V rō {\ꞌ}ai}\is{he (aspect marker)!he V rō {\ꞌ}ai} is also used at points of emotional intensity; in the following example (from the same story as \REF{ex:7.12}), the mother is grieved because her child has disappeared.
A: word: muri	 gloss: near
B: word: atu	 gloss: away
C: word: nōatu	 gloss: no_matter
D: word: iŋa	 gloss: NMLZ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 21:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Te me\ꞌe o te mātāmu\ꞌa me\ꞌe ta\ꞌe vānaŋa, ___ mou nō.
Gloss (with missing item): ART thing of ART past thing CONNEG talk ___ quiet just
The English translation of this sentence is:‘The people of old used not to speak, they kept silent.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Perfectthe morpheme ___ve aspect the morpheme ___s naturally correlated wthe morpheme ___th past tense \cthe morpheme ___tep[72]{Comrthe morpheme ___e1976}, and the morpheme ___n fact, the morpheme ___ usually marks events the morpheme ___n the past\the morpheme ___s{Past}. I has been characterthe morpheme ___sed as a past tense marker the morpheme ___n several descrthe morpheme ___ptthe morpheme ___ons of Rapa Nuthe morpheme ___ and other Polynesthe morpheme ___an languages.\footnote{\label{fn:320}See \cthe morpheme ___tet[156]{DuFeu1996} for Rapa Nuthe morpheme ___, \cthe morpheme ___tet{MutuTeìkthe morpheme ___tutoua2002} for \the morpheme ___lthe morpheme ___{Marquesan}, \cthe morpheme ___tet[172]{Académthe morpheme ___eTahthe morpheme ___tthe morpheme ___enne1986} for \the morpheme ___lthe morpheme ___{Tahthe morpheme ___tthe morpheme ___an}, \cthe morpheme ___tet[34]{Bthe morpheme ___ggs1973} for \the morpheme ___lthe morpheme ___{Māorthe morpheme ___}. Note that \cthe morpheme ___tet[153]{Chapthe morpheme ___n1978} labels Rapa Nuthe morpheme ___ the morpheme ___ as perfectthe morpheme ___ve.} In non-narratthe morpheme ___ve contexts the morpheme ___ the morpheme ___s the common aspectual for past events, as the followthe morpheme ___ng examples show. As \REF{ex:7.17} shows, the morpheme ___t may also express general facts about the past.
A: word: mai	 gloss: hither
B: word: atu	 gloss: away
C: word: i	 gloss: PFV
D: word: taote;	 gloss: doctor
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 22:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Te me\ꞌe o te mātāmu\ꞌa me\ꞌe ta\ꞌe vānaŋa, i ___ nō.
Gloss (with missing item): ART thing of ART past thing CONNEG talk PFV ___ just
The English translation of this sentence is:‘The people of old used not to speak, they kept silent.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Perfective aspect is naturally correlated with past tense \citep[72]{Comrie1976}, and in fact, i usually marks events in the past\is{Past}. I has been characterised as a past tense marker in several descriptions of Rapa Nui and other Polynesian languages.\footnote{\label{fn:320}See \citet[156]{DuFeu1996} for Rapa Nui, \citet{MutuTeìkitutoua2002} for \ili{Marquesan}, \citet[172]{AcadémieTahitienne1986} for \ili{Tahitian}, \citet[34]{Biggs1973} for \ili{Māori}. Note that \citet[153]{Chapin1978} labels Rapa Nui i as perfective.} In non-narrative contexts i is the common aspectual for past events, as the following examples show. As \REF{ex:7.17} shows, it may also express general facts about the past.
A: word: raŋi	 gloss: call
B: word: mātou	 gloss: 1PL.EXCL
C: word: mou	 gloss: quiet
D: word: pōŋeha	 gloss: noise
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 23:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ o\ꞌo era koe ki roto i tu\ꞌu hare era e noho koe.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ enter DIST 2SG to inside at POSS.2SG.O house DIST IPFV stay 2SG
The English translation of this sentence is:‘When you have entered into your house, stay there.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There are cases, however, where the morpheme ___ conveys a non-past event. For example, the morpheme ___n \REF{ex:7.18} the morpheme ___ the morpheme ___s used wthe morpheme ___th reference to the future:
A: word: —ko	 gloss: ~~~PROM
B: word: mai	 gloss: hither
C: word: hau	 gloss: cord
D: word: i	 gloss: PFV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 24:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): I o\ꞌo ___ koe ki roto i tu\ꞌu hare era e noho koe.
Gloss (with missing item): PFV enter ___ 2SG to inside at POSS.2SG.O house DIST IPFV stay 2SG
The English translation of this sentence is:‘When you have entered into your house, stay there.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There are cases, however, where i conveys a non-past event. For example, in \REF{ex:7.18} i is used with reference to the future:
A: word: noho	 gloss: stay
B: word: era	 gloss: DIST
C: word: au:	 gloss: 1SG
D: word: tokerau	 gloss: wind
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 25:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Te ara nei o te nu\ꞌu nei, ___ e\ꞌa ai mai Haŋa Roa o Tai \ꞌi ruŋa o te vaka nei.
Gloss (with missing item): ART way PROX of ART people PROX ___ go_out PVP from Hanga Roa o Tai at above of ART boat PROX
The English translation of this sentence is:‘As to these people’s trip, they had left Hanga Roa o Tai by boat.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \subparagraph{Background} I{}-marked clauses may express background the morpheme ___nformatthe morpheme ___on. For example, the morpheme ___n the the morpheme ___ntroductthe morpheme ___on of a story, the morpheme ___{}-clauses may serve to set the stage by tellthe morpheme ___ng what happened before the begthe morpheme ___nnthe morpheme ___ng of the story, as the morpheme ___n \REF{ex:7.24}. I-marked clauses may also express restatements or clarthe morpheme ___fthe morpheme ___catthe morpheme ___ons, as the morpheme ___n \REF{ex:7.25}.\footnote{\label{fn:321}Sthe morpheme ___mthe morpheme ___larly, the morpheme ___{}-marked clauses may express background events the morpheme ___n subordthe morpheme ___nate clauses (\sectref{sec:11.6.2.2}).}
A: word: toto	 gloss: blood
B: word: i	 gloss: PFV
C: word: mai	 gloss: hither
D: word: ena	 gloss: MED
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 26:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Te ara nei o te nu\ꞌu nei, i e\ꞌa ___ mai Haŋa Roa o Tai \ꞌi ruŋa o te vaka nei.
Gloss (with missing item): ART way PROX of ART people PROX PFV go_out ___ from Hanga Roa o Tai at above of ART boat PROX
The English translation of this sentence is:‘As to these people’s trip, they had left Hanga Roa o Tai by boat.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \subparagraph{Background} I{}-marked clauses may express background information. For example, in the introduction of a story, i{}-clauses may serve to set the stage by telling what happened before the beginning of the story, as in \REF{ex:7.24}. I-marked clauses may also express restatements or clarifications, as in \REF{ex:7.25}.\footnote{\label{fn:321}Similarly, i{}-marked clauses may express background events in subordinate clauses (\sectref{sec:11.6.2.2}).}
A: word: piko	 gloss: Piko
B: word: mai	 gloss: hither
C: word: ai	 gloss: PVP
D: word: hopu	 gloss: bathe
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 27:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ...he iri he oho ki te kona hare era. ___ tahuti a Tiare i iri ai ki te kona hare era.
Gloss (with missing item): ~~~NTR ascend NTR go to ART place house DIST ___ run PROP Tiare PFV ascend PVP to ART place house DIST
The English translation of this sentence is:‘...she went up to her home. Running, Tiare went up to her home.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \subparagraph{Background} I{}-marked clauses may express background the morpheme ___nformatthe morpheme ___on. For example, the morpheme ___n the the morpheme ___ntroductthe morpheme ___on of a story, the morpheme ___{}-clauses may serve to set the stage by tellthe morpheme ___ng what happened before the begthe morpheme ___nnthe morpheme ___ng of the story, as the morpheme ___n \REF{ex:7.24}. I-marked clauses may also express restatements or clarthe morpheme ___fthe morpheme ___catthe morpheme ___ons, as the morpheme ___n \REF{ex:7.25}.\footnote{\label{fn:321}Sthe morpheme ___mthe morpheme ___larly, the morpheme ___{}-marked clauses may express background events the morpheme ___n subordthe morpheme ___nate clauses (\sectref{sec:11.6.2.2}).}
A: word: mai	 gloss: hither
B: word: nuinui	 gloss: big:RED
C: word: i	 gloss: PFV
D: word: aŋa	 gloss: work
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 28:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ...he iri he oho ki te kona hare era. I ___ a Tiare i iri ai ki te kona hare era.
Gloss (with missing item): ~~~NTR ascend NTR go to ART place house DIST PFV ___ PROP Tiare PFV ascend PVP to ART place house DIST
The English translation of this sentence is:‘...she went up to her home. Running, Tiare went up to her home.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \subparagraph{Background} I{}-marked clauses may express background information. For example, in the introduction of a story, i{}-clauses may serve to set the stage by telling what happened before the beginning of the story, as in \REF{ex:7.24}. I-marked clauses may also express restatements or clarifications, as in \REF{ex:7.25}.\footnote{\label{fn:321}Similarly, i{}-marked clauses may express background events in subordinate clauses (\sectref{sec:11.6.2.2}).}
A: word: tahuti	 gloss: run
B: word: nene	 gloss: sweet
C: word: tahutahu	 gloss: witch
D: word: tētere	 gloss: PL:run
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 29:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ...he iri he oho ki te kona hare era. I tahuti a Tiare ___ iri ai ki te kona hare era.
Gloss (with missing item): ~~~NTR ascend NTR go to ART place house DIST PFV run PROP Tiare ___ ascend PVP to ART place house DIST
The English translation of this sentence is:‘...she went up to her home. Running, Tiare went up to her home.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \subparagraph{Background} I{}-marked clauses may express background the morpheme ___nformatthe morpheme ___on. For example, the morpheme ___n the the morpheme ___ntroductthe morpheme ___on of a story, the morpheme ___{}-clauses may serve to set the stage by tellthe morpheme ___ng what happened before the begthe morpheme ___nnthe morpheme ___ng of the story, as the morpheme ___n \REF{ex:7.24}. I-marked clauses may also express restatements or clarthe morpheme ___fthe morpheme ___catthe morpheme ___ons, as the morpheme ___n \REF{ex:7.25}.\footnote{\label{fn:321}Sthe morpheme ___mthe morpheme ___larly, the morpheme ___{}-marked clauses may express background events the morpheme ___n subordthe morpheme ___nate clauses (\sectref{sec:11.6.2.2}).}
A: word: mai	 gloss: hither
B: word: vānaŋa	 gloss: word
C: word: i	 gloss: PFV
D: word: científico	 gloss: scientist
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 30:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ...he iri he oho ki te kona hare era. I tahuti a Tiare i ___ ai ki te kona hare era.
Gloss (with missing item): ~~~NTR ascend NTR go to ART place house DIST PFV run PROP Tiare PFV ___ PVP to ART place house DIST
The English translation of this sentence is:‘...she went up to her home. Running, Tiare went up to her home.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \subparagraph{Background} I{}-marked clauses may express background information. For example, in the introduction of a story, i{}-clauses may serve to set the stage by telling what happened before the beginning of the story, as in \REF{ex:7.24}. I-marked clauses may also express restatements or clarifications, as in \REF{ex:7.25}.\footnote{\label{fn:321}Similarly, i{}-marked clauses may express background events in subordinate clauses (\sectref{sec:11.6.2.2}).}
A: word: iri	 gloss: ascend
B: word: famiria	 gloss: family
C: word: pūai	 gloss: strong
D: word: topa	 gloss: descend
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 31:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ...he iri he oho ki te kona hare era. I tahuti a Tiare i iri ___ ki te kona hare era.
Gloss (with missing item): ~~~NTR ascend NTR go to ART place house DIST PFV run PROP Tiare PFV ascend ___ to ART place house DIST
The English translation of this sentence is:‘...she went up to her home. Running, Tiare went up to her home.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \subparagraph{Background} I{}-marked clauses may express background information. For example, in the introduction of a story, i{}-clauses may serve to set the stage by telling what happened before the beginning of the story, as in \REF{ex:7.24}. I-marked clauses may also express restatements or clarifications, as in \REF{ex:7.25}.\footnote{\label{fn:321}Similarly, i{}-marked clauses may express background events in subordinate clauses (\sectref{sec:11.6.2.2}).}
A: word: kai	 gloss: food
B: word: ai	 gloss: PVP
C: word: mai	 gloss: hither
D: word: māua	 gloss: 1DU.EXCL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 32:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): He me\ꞌe mai mai roto mai tau \ꞌana era ___ vero atu era hai akaue...
Gloss (with missing item): NTR thing hither from inside from DEM cave DIST ___ throw away DIST INS stake
The English translation of this sentence is:‘They said from inside the cave, while (the enemy) threw sticks at them...’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: E V PVD\is{Dthe morpheme ___monstrativthe morpheme ___!postvthe morpheme ___rbal} and \tthe morpheme ___xtit{the morpheme ___ V {\ꞌ}ā} occur in main clausthe morpheme ___s and in tthe morpheme ___mporal subordinatthe morpheme ___ clausthe morpheme ___s. Ththe morpheme ___ formthe morpheme ___r arthe morpheme ___ discussthe morpheme ___d hthe morpheme ___rthe morpheme ___, ththe morpheme ___ lattthe morpheme ___r will bthe morpheme ___ discussthe morpheme ___d in \sthe morpheme ___ctrthe morpheme ___f{sthe morpheme ___c:11.6.2.2} (sthe morpheme ___the morpheme ___ (\rthe morpheme ___f{the morpheme ___x:11.224}–\rthe morpheme ___f{the morpheme ___x:11.227})).
A: word: iri	 gloss: ascend
B: word: manurere	 gloss: airplane
C: word: e	 gloss: IPFV
D: word: nehenehe	 gloss: beautiful
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 33:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): He me\ꞌe mai mai roto mai tau \ꞌana era e ___ atu era hai akaue...
Gloss (with missing item): NTR thing hither from inside from DEM cave DIST IPFV ___ away DIST INS stake
The English translation of this sentence is:‘They said from inside the cave, while (the enemy) threw sticks at them...’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: E V PVD\is{Demonstrative!postverbal} and \textit{e V {\ꞌ}ā} occur in main clauses and in temporal subordinate clauses. The former are discussed here, the latter will be discussed in \sectref{sec:11.6.2.2} (see (\ref{ex:11.224}–\ref{ex:11.227})).
A: word: vero	 gloss: throw
B: word: haro	 gloss: pull
C: word: hiero	 gloss: Hiero
D: word: kori	 gloss: play
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A