cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 158:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): He e\ꞌa he oho mai a tū ara era \ꞌi ira a Kāiŋa e ___ atu era.
Gloss (with missing item): NTR go_out NTR go hither by DEM way DIST at ANA PROP Kainga IPFV ___ away DIST
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(Vaha) came out by that road where Kainga was hiding.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There is a clear difference between these two examples: in \REF{ex:7.143}, Huri a Vai is hiding from his enemies, he is lying low to avoid being detected. In \REF{ex:7.144}, Kainga is not just hiding away; he is lying in ambush, waiting for Vaha to come by. In other words, the hiding in \REF{ex:7.143} is self-directed, oriented inwards, while the hiding in \REF{ex:7.144} is outward-looking, with the attention away from the person hiding. It is no coincidence that in the first case mai is used, indicating orientation towards the subject as deictic centre, while in the second case atu is used, pointing away from the subject. In other texts as well, the morpheme ___ mai is commonly used when people its gloss ___ from others, while the morpheme ___ atu is used of people lying in ambush, spying on someone else (cf. \citealt[12]{Fuller1980}). While there is no movement involved, the directionals\is{Directional} indicate \textsc{orientation} with respect to the deictic centre.\footnote{\label{fn:357}\citet[1751]{Hooper2004} discusses a similar function of directionals\is{Directional} in \ili{Tokelauan}. She points out (with reference to \citealt{Jackendoff1983}) that a path (i.e. a directional\is{Directional} movement) may play various roles: an object may traverse a path, but it may also be oriented along a path, facing an entity (in this case, the deictic centre).}
A: word: piko	 gloss: hide
B: word: koa	 gloss: happy
C: word: ¿mai	 gloss: ~from
D: word: pipiko	 gloss: PL:hide
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 159:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): He e\ꞌa he oho mai a tū ara era \ꞌi ira a Kāiŋa e piko ___ era.
Gloss (with missing item): NTR go_out NTR go hither by DEM way DIST at ANA PROP Kainga IPFV hide ___ DIST
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(Vaha) came out by that road where Kainga was hiding.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There is a clear difference between these two examples: in \REF{ex:7.143}, Huri a Vai is hiding from his enemies, he is lying low to avoid being detected. In \REF{ex:7.144}, Kainga is not just hiding its gloss ___; he is lying in ambush, waiting for Vaha to come by. In other words, the hiding in \REF{ex:7.143} is self-directed, oriented inwards, while the hiding in \REF{ex:7.144} is outward-looking, with the attention its gloss ___ from the person hiding. It is no coincidence that in the first case mai is used, indicating orientation towards the subject as deictic centre, while in the second case the morpheme ___ is used, pointing its gloss ___ from the subject. In other texts as well, piko mai is commonly used when people hide from others, while piko the morpheme ___ is used of people lying in ambush, spying on someone else (cf. \citealt[12]{Fuller1980}). While there is no movement involved, the directionals\is{Directional} indicate \textsc{orientation} with respect to the deictic centre.\footnote{\label{fn:357}\citet[1751]{Hooper2004} discusses a similar function of directionals\is{Directional} in \ili{Tokelauan}. She points out (with reference to \citealt{Jackendoff1983}) that a path (i.e. a directional\is{Directional} movement) may play various roles: an object may traverse a path, but it may also be oriented along a path, facing an entity (in this case, the deictic centre).}
A: word: nōatu	 gloss: no_matter
B: word: hiŋa	 gloss: fall
C: word: muri	 gloss: near
D: word: atu	 gloss: away
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 160:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ...tū pū era o Huri \ꞌa Vai e ___ mai era \ꞌi roto.
Gloss (with missing item): ~~~DEM hole DIST of Huri a Vai IPFV ___ hither DIST at inside
The English translation of this sentence is:‘...the hole where Huri a Vai was hiding.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There is a clear difference between these two examples: in \REF{ex:7.143}, Huri a Vai is hiding from his enemies, he is lying low to avoid being detected. In \REF{ex:7.144}, Kainga is not just hiding away; he is lying in ambush, waiting for Vaha to come by. In other words, the hiding in \REF{ex:7.143} is self-directed, oriented inwards, while the hiding in \REF{ex:7.144} is outward-looking, with the attention away from the person hiding. It is no coincidence that in the first case mai is used, indicating orientation towards the subject as deictic centre, while in the second case atu is used, pointing away from the subject. In other texts as well, the morpheme ___ mai is commonly used when people its gloss ___ from others, while the morpheme ___ atu is used of people lying in ambush, spying on someone else (cf. \citealt[12]{Fuller1980}). While there is no movement involved, the directionals\is{Directional} indicate \textsc{orientation} with respect to the deictic centre.\footnote{\label{fn:357}\citet[1751]{Hooper2004} discusses a similar function of directionals\is{Directional} in \ili{Tokelauan}. She points out (with reference to \citealt{Jackendoff1983}) that a path (i.e. a directional\is{Directional} movement) may play various roles: an object may traverse a path, but it may also be oriented along a path, facing an entity (in this case, the deictic centre).}
A: word: tunu	 gloss: cook
B: word: ¿kai	 gloss: ~NEG.PFV
C: word: pipiko	 gloss: PL:hide
D: word: piko	 gloss: hide
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 161:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ...tū pū era o Huri \ꞌa Vai e piko ___ era \ꞌi roto.
Gloss (with missing item): ~~~DEM hole DIST of Huri a Vai IPFV hide ___ DIST at inside
The English translation of this sentence is:‘...the hole where Huri a Vai was hiding.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There is a clear difference between these two examples: in \REF{ex:7.143}, Huri a Vai is hiding from his enemies, he is lying low to avoid being detected. In \REF{ex:7.144}, Kainga is not just hiding away; he is lying in ambush, waiting for Vaha to come by. In other words, the hiding in \REF{ex:7.143} is self-directed, oriented inwards, while the hiding in \REF{ex:7.144} is outward-looking, with the attention away from the person hiding. It is no coincidence that in the first case the morpheme ___ is used, indicating orientation towards the subject as deictic centre, while in the second case atu is used, pointing away from the subject. In other texts as well, piko the morpheme ___ is commonly used when people hide from others, while piko atu is used of people lying in ambush, spying on someone else (cf. \citealt[12]{Fuller1980}). While there is no movement involved, the directionals\is{Directional} indicate \textsc{orientation} with respect to the deictic centre.\footnote{\label{fn:357}\citet[1751]{Hooper2004} discusses a similar function of directionals\is{Directional} in \ili{Tokelauan}. She points out (with reference to \citealt{Jackendoff1983}) that a path (i.e. a directional\is{Directional} movement) may play various roles: an object may traverse a path, but it may also be oriented along a path, facing an entity (in this case, the deictic centre).}
A: word: ¿mai	 gloss: ~from
B: word: haro	 gloss: pull
C: word: mai	 gloss: hither
D: word: kohe;	 gloss: kohe
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 162:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): He e\ꞌa he oho mai a tū ara era \ꞌi ira a Kāiŋa e ___ atu era.
Gloss (with missing item): NTR go_out NTR go hither by DEM way DIST at ANA PROP Kainga IPFV ___ away DIST
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(Vaha) came out by that road where Kainga was hiding.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There is a clear difference between these two examples: in \REF{ex:7.143}, Huri a Vai is hiding from his enemies, he is lying low to avoid being detected. In \REF{ex:7.144}, Kainga is not just hiding away; he is lying in ambush, waiting for Vaha to come by. In other words, the hiding in \REF{ex:7.143} is self-directed, oriented inwards, while the hiding in \REF{ex:7.144} is outward-looking, with the attention away from the person hiding. It is no coincidence that in the first case mai is used, indicating orientation towards the subject as deictic centre, while in the second case atu is used, pointing away from the subject. In other texts as well, the morpheme ___ mai is commonly used when people its gloss ___ from others, while the morpheme ___ atu is used of people lying in ambush, spying on someone else (cf. \citealt[12]{Fuller1980}). While there is no movement involved, the directionals\is{Directional} indicate \textsc{orientation} with respect to the deictic centre.\footnote{\label{fn:357}\citet[1751]{Hooper2004} discusses a similar function of directionals\is{Directional} in \ili{Tokelauan}. She points out (with reference to \citealt{Jackendoff1983}) that a path (i.e. a directional\is{Directional} movement) may play various roles: an object may traverse a path, but it may also be oriented along a path, facing an entity (in this case, the deictic centre).}
A: word: tahuti	 gloss: run
B: word: pipiko	 gloss: PL:hide
C: word: tataku	 gloss: tell
D: word: piko	 gloss: hide
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 163:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): He e\ꞌa he oho mai a tū ara era \ꞌi ira a Kāiŋa e piko ___ era.
Gloss (with missing item): NTR go_out NTR go hither by DEM way DIST at ANA PROP Kainga IPFV hide ___ DIST
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(Vaha) came out by that road where Kainga was hiding.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There is a clear difference between these two examples: in \REF{ex:7.143}, Huri a Vai is hiding from his enemies, he is lying low to avoid being detected. In \REF{ex:7.144}, Kainga is not just hiding its gloss ___; he is lying in ambush, waiting for Vaha to come by. In other words, the hiding in \REF{ex:7.143} is self-directed, oriented inwards, while the hiding in \REF{ex:7.144} is outward-looking, with the attention its gloss ___ from the person hiding. It is no coincidence that in the first case mai is used, indicating orientation towards the subject as deictic centre, while in the second case the morpheme ___ is used, pointing its gloss ___ from the subject. In other texts as well, piko mai is commonly used when people hide from others, while piko the morpheme ___ is used of people lying in ambush, spying on someone else (cf. \citealt[12]{Fuller1980}). While there is no movement involved, the directionals\is{Directional} indicate \textsc{orientation} with respect to the deictic centre.\footnote{\label{fn:357}\citet[1751]{Hooper2004} discusses a similar function of directionals\is{Directional} in \ili{Tokelauan}. She points out (with reference to \citealt{Jackendoff1983}) that a path (i.e. a directional\is{Directional} movement) may play various roles: an object may traverse a path, but it may also be oriented along a path, facing an entity (in this case, the deictic centre).}
A: word: muri	 gloss: near
B: word: hoki	 gloss: return
C: word: atu	 gloss: away
D: word: nōatu	 gloss: no_matter
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 164:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): —¡A Te Manu ho\ꞌi i kī ___ mo turu o māua! —¡\ꞌĒē, a Te Manu ho\ꞌi i kī atu!
Gloss (with missing item): ~~~~PROP Te Manu indeed PFV say ___ for go_down of 1DU.EXCL ~~~~yes~~ PROP Te Manu indeed PFV say away
The English translation of this sentence is:‘—Te Manu said (to me) that we (=he and I) should go down! —OK, so Te Manu told (you)!’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \subparagraph{Participant reference} As discussed in \sectref{sec:7.5.1.1}, ex. (\ref{ex:7.130}–\ref{ex:7.131}), directionals\is{Directional} may play a role in participant reference: directionals\is{Directional} indicate whether a participant is at the origin or the goal of the movement, so they may be used instead of an overt subject or object. This accounts for many occurrences of directionals\is{Directional}, for example with speech verbs\is{Verb!speech} in direct discourse, as in \REF{ex:7.130}.
A: word: ¿mai	 gloss: ~from
B: word: kohe;	 gloss: kohe
C: word: mai	 gloss: hither
D: word: nei	 gloss: PROX
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 165:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): —¡A Te Manu ho\ꞌi i kī mai mo turu o māua! —¡\ꞌĒē, a Te Manu ho\ꞌi i kī ___
Gloss (with missing item): ~~~~PROP Te Manu indeed PFV say hither for go_down of 1DU.EXCL ~~~~yes~~ PROP Te Manu indeed PFV say ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘—Te Manu said (to me) that we (=he and I) should go down! —OK, so Te Manu told (you)!’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \subparagraph{Participant reference} As discussed in \sectref{sec:7.5.1.1}, ex. (\ref{ex:7.130}–\ref{ex:7.131}), directionals\is{Directional} may play a role in participant reference: directionals\is{Directional} indicate whether a participant is at the origin or the goal of the movement, so they may be used instead of an overt subject or object. This accounts for many occurrences of directionals\is{Directional}, for example with speech verbs\is{Verb!speech} in direct discourse, as in \REF{ex:7.130}.
A: word: atu	 gloss: away
B: word: muri	 gloss: near
C: word: nōatu	 gloss: no_matter
D: word: ŋaro	 gloss: disappear
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 166:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): \ꞌĀmui i a Meherio e kī ___ era... mo hā\ꞌū\ꞌū mai, \ꞌina he hā\ꞌū\ꞌū rō mai.
Gloss (with missing item): moreover at PROP Meherio IPFV say ___ DIST for help hither NEG NTR help EMPH hither
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Moreover, when (we) told Meherio to help (us), (she) didn’t help (us).’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \subparagraph{Participant reference} As discussed in \sectref{sec:7.5.1.1}, ex. (\ref{ex:7.130}–\ref{ex:7.131}), directionals\is{Directional} may play a role in participant reference: directionals\is{Directional} indicate whether a participant is at the origin or the goal of the movement, so they may be used instead of an overt subject or object. This accounts for many occurrences of directionals\is{Directional}, for example with speech verbs\is{Verb!speech} in direct discourse, as in \REF{ex:7.130}.
A: word: atu	 gloss: away
B: word: nōatu	 gloss: no_matter
C: word: nei	 gloss: PROX
D: word: muri	 gloss: near
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 167:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): \ꞌĀmui i a Meherio e kī atu era... mo hā\ꞌū\ꞌū ___ \ꞌina he hā\ꞌū\ꞌū rō mai.
Gloss (with missing item): moreover at PROP Meherio IPFV say away DIST for help ___ NEG NTR help EMPH hither
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Moreover, when (we) told Meherio to help (us), (she) didn’t help (us).’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \subparagraph{Participant reference} As discussed in \sectref{sec:7.5.1.1}, ex. (\ref{ex:7.130}–\ref{ex:7.131}), directionals\is{Directional} may play a role in participant reference: directionals\is{Directional} indicate whether a participant is at the origin or the goal of the movement, so they may be used instead of an overt subject or object. This accounts for many occurrences of directionals\is{Directional}, for example with speech verbs\is{Verb!speech} in direct discourse, as in \REF{ex:7.130}.
A: word: ¿mai	 gloss: ~from
B: word: kohe;	 gloss: kohe
C: word: mai	 gloss: hither
D: word: ohu	 gloss: shout
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 168:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): —¡A Te Manu ho\ꞌi i kī ___ mo turu o māua! —¡\ꞌĒē, a Te Manu ho\ꞌi i kī atu!
Gloss (with missing item): ~~~~PROP Te Manu indeed PFV say ___ for go_down of 1DU.EXCL ~~~~yes~~ PROP Te Manu indeed PFV say away
The English translation of this sentence is:‘—Te Manu said (to me) that we (=he and I) should go down! —OK, so Te Manu told (you)!’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \subparagraph{Participant reference} As discussed in \sectref{sec:7.5.1.1}, ex. (\ref{ex:7.130}–\ref{ex:7.131}), directionals\is{Directional} may play a role in participant reference: directionals\is{Directional} indicate whether a participant is at the origin or the goal of the movement, so they may be used instead of an overt subject or object. This accounts for many occurrences of directionals\is{Directional}, for example with speech verbs\is{Verb!speech} in direct discourse, as in \REF{ex:7.130}.
A: word: mai	 gloss: hither
B: word: kohe;	 gloss: kohe
C: word: veveri	 gloss: startled
D: word: ¿mai	 gloss: ~from
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 169:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): —¡A Te Manu ho\ꞌi i kī mai mo turu o māua! —¡\ꞌĒē, a Te Manu ho\ꞌi i kī ___
Gloss (with missing item): ~~~~PROP Te Manu indeed PFV say hither for go_down of 1DU.EXCL ~~~~yes~~ PROP Te Manu indeed PFV say ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘—Te Manu said (to me) that we (=he and I) should go down! —OK, so Te Manu told (you)!’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \subparagraph{Participant reference} As discussed in \sectref{sec:7.5.1.1}, ex. (\ref{ex:7.130}–\ref{ex:7.131}), directionals\is{Directional} may play a role in participant reference: directionals\is{Directional} indicate whether a participant is at the origin or the goal of the movement, so they may be used instead of an overt subject or object. This accounts for many occurrences of directionals\is{Directional}, for example with speech verbs\is{Verb!speech} in direct discourse, as in \REF{ex:7.130}.
A: word: nōatu	 gloss: no_matter
B: word: iri	 gloss: ascend
C: word: atu	 gloss: away
D: word: muri	 gloss: near
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C