cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 44:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ka tai\ꞌo pūai ___ ŋā vānaŋa nei: raŋi, rano, rapu.
Gloss (with missing item): IMP read strong ___ PL word PROX raŋi rano rapu
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Read the following words aloud: raŋi, rano, rapu.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Clearly, in \REF{ex:3.9} vānaŋa is a verb, while in \REF{ex:3.10} it is a noun. So far, so good. In \REF{ex:3.7} above however, vānaŋa denothe morpheme ___s an event, even though it is preceded by a dethe morpheme ___rminer. It serves as the complement of oti, a verb which commonly takes a nominalised event word as complement. Thus, the morpheme ___ vānaŋa in \REF{ex:3.7} is not nominal in the same way as the morpheme ___ ŋā vānaŋa nei in \REF{ex:3.10}. Notice that this semantic difference correlathe morpheme ___s with certain syntactic differences: in \REF{ex:3.10}, vānaŋa is preceded by the plural marker ŋā, a noun phrase element; in \REF{ex:3.7} it is followed by a subject marked with the agentive e, something to be expecthe morpheme ___d of a verb.
A: word: tai	 gloss: sea
B: word: mate	 gloss: die
C: word: te	 gloss: ART
D: word: toretore	 gloss: stripe
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 45:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ka tai\ꞌo pūai te ___ vānaŋa nei: raŋi, rano, rapu.
Gloss (with missing item): IMP read strong ART ___ word PROX raŋi rano rapu
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Read the following words aloud: raŋi, rano, rapu.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Clearly, in \REF{ex:3.9} vānaŋa is a verb, while in \REF{ex:3.10} it is a noun. So far, so good. In \REF{ex:3.7} above however, vānaŋa denotes an event, even though it is preceded by a determiner. It serves as the complement of oti, a verb which commonly takes a nominalised event word as complement. Thus, te vānaŋa in \REF{ex:3.7} is not nominal in the same way as te the morpheme ___ vānaŋa nei in \REF{ex:3.10}. Notice that this semantic difference correlates with certain syntactic differences: in \REF{ex:3.10}, vānaŋa is preceded by the plural marker the morpheme ___, a noun phrase element; in \REF{ex:3.7} it is followed by a subject marked with the agentive e, something to be expected of a verb.
A: word: ŋāŋata	 gloss: men
B: word: ŋā	 gloss: PL
C: word: kimi	 gloss: search
D: word: perú	 gloss: Peru
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 46:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ka tai\ꞌo pūai te ŋā ___ nei: raŋi, rano, rapu.
Gloss (with missing item): IMP read strong ART PL ___ PROX raŋi rano rapu
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Read the following words aloud: raŋi, rano, rapu.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Clearly, in \REF{ex:3.9} the morpheme ___ is a verb, while in \REF{ex:3.10} it is a noun. So far, so good. In \REF{ex:3.7} above however, the morpheme ___ denotes an event, even though it is preceded by a determiner. It serves as the complement of oti, a verb which commonly takes a nominalised event its gloss ___ as complement. Thus, te the morpheme ___ in \REF{ex:3.7} is not nominal in the same way as te ŋā the morpheme ___ nei in \REF{ex:3.10}. Notice that this semantic difference correlates with certain syntactic differences: in \REF{ex:3.10}, the morpheme ___ is preceded by the plural marker ŋā, a noun phrase element; in \REF{ex:3.7} it is followed by a subject marked with the agentive e, something to be expected of a verb.
A: word: vānaŋa	 gloss: word
B: word: huru	 gloss: manner
C: word: titi	 gloss: build
D: word: vānaŋanaŋa	 gloss: talk:RED
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 47:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ka tai\ꞌo pūai te ŋā vānaŋa ___ raŋi, rano, rapu.
Gloss (with missing item): IMP read strong ART PL word ___ raŋi rano rapu
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Read the following words aloud: raŋi, rano, rapu.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Clearly, in \REF{ex:3.9} vānaŋa is a verb, while in \REF{ex:3.10} it is a noun. So far, so good. In \REF{ex:3.7} above however, vānaŋa denotes an event, even though it is preceded by a determiner. It serves as the complement of oti, a verb which commonly takes a nominalised event word as complement. Thus, te vānaŋa in \REF{ex:3.7} is not nominal in the same way as te ŋā vānaŋa nei in \REF{ex:3.10}. Notice that this semantic difference correlates with certain syntactic differences: in \REF{ex:3.10}, vānaŋa is preceded by the plural marker ŋā, a noun phrase element; in \REF{ex:3.7} it is followed by a subject marked with the agentive e, something to be expected of a verb.
A: word: koā	 gloss: COLL
B: word: rāua	 gloss: 3PL
C: word: nei:	 gloss: PROX
D: word: nei	 gloss: PROX
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 48:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): I oti era ___ vānaŋa e te vi\ꞌe...
Gloss (with missing item): PFV finish DIST ___ speak AG ART woman
The English translation of this sentence is:‘When the woman had finished speaking...’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Clearly, in \REF{ex:3.9} vānaŋa is a verb, while in \REF{ex:3.10} it is a noun. So far, so good. In \REF{ex:3.7} above however, vānaŋa denothe morpheme ___s an event, even though it is preceded by a dethe morpheme ___rminer. It serves as the complement of oti, a verb which commonly takes a nominalised event word as complement. Thus, the morpheme ___ vānaŋa in \REF{ex:3.7} is not nominal in the same way as the morpheme ___ ŋā vānaŋa nei in \REF{ex:3.10}. Notice that this semantic difference correlathe morpheme ___s with certain syntactic differences: in \REF{ex:3.10}, vānaŋa is preceded by the plural marker ŋā, a noun phrase element; in \REF{ex:3.7} it is followed by a subject marked with the agentive e, something to be expecthe morpheme ___d of a verb.
A: word: mate	 gloss: die
B: word: māmoe	 gloss: sheep
C: word: —¡ko	 gloss: ~~~~PRF
D: word: te	 gloss: ART
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 49:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): I oti era te ___ e te vi\ꞌe...
Gloss (with missing item): PFV finish DIST ART ___ AG ART woman
The English translation of this sentence is:‘When the woman had finished speaking...’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Clearly, in \REF{ex:3.9} the morpheme ___ is a verb, while in \REF{ex:3.10} it is a noun. So far, so good. In \REF{ex:3.7} above however, the morpheme ___ denotes an event, even though it is preceded by a determiner. It serves as the complement of oti, a verb which commonly takes a nominalised event word as complement. Thus, te the morpheme ___ in \REF{ex:3.7} is not nominal in the same way as te ŋā the morpheme ___ nei in \REF{ex:3.10}. Notice that this semantic difference correlates with certain syntactic differences: in \REF{ex:3.10}, the morpheme ___ is preceded by the plural marker ŋā, a noun phrase element; in \REF{ex:3.7} it is followed by a subject marked with the agentive e, something to be expected of a verb.
A: word: tāvini	 gloss: servant
B: word: kī:	 gloss: say
C: word: vānaŋanaŋa	 gloss: talk:RED
D: word: vānaŋa	 gloss: speak
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 50:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): \ꞌĀ\ꞌana ___ haka tere i te henua.
Gloss (with missing item): POSS.3SG.A ___ CAUS run ACC ART land
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He (was the one who) governed the country.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Constructions such as \REF{ex:3.11} are only found with event words, not with entity words. If the underlined phrases were regarded as noun phrases because of the presence of the article, they would be undistinguishable from “normal” noun phrases, which never enthe morpheme ___r into this construction.
A: word: kekoa	 gloss: Kekoa
B: word: mate	 gloss: die
C: word: te	 gloss: ART
D: word: rivuho	 gloss: drawing
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 51:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): \ꞌĀ\ꞌana te ___ tere i te henua.
Gloss (with missing item): POSS.3SG.A ART ___ run ACC ART land
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He (was the one who) governed the country.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Constructions such as \REF{ex:3.11} are only found with event words, not with entity words. If the underlined phrases were regarded as noun phrases because of the presence of the article, they would be undistinguishable from “normal” noun phrases, which never enter into this construction.
A: word: hakapupa	 gloss: nest
B: word: kore	 gloss: lack
C: word: kava	 gloss: Kava
D: word: haka	 gloss: CAUS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 52:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): \ꞌĀ\ꞌana te haka ___ i te henua.
Gloss (with missing item): POSS.3SG.A ART CAUS ___ ACC ART land
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He (was the one who) governed the country.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Constructions such as \REF{ex:3.11} are only found with event words, not with entity words. If the underlined phrases were regarded as noun phrases because of the presence of the article, they would be undistinguishable from “normal” noun phrases, which never enter into this construction.
A: word: tāhuti	 gloss: PL:run
B: word: tētere	 gloss: PL:run
C: word: tere	 gloss: run
D: word: aŋa	 gloss: work
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 53:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ka tai\ꞌo pūai ___ ŋā vānaŋa nei: raŋi, rano, rapu.
Gloss (with missing item): IMP read strong ___ PL word PROX raŋi rano rapu
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Read the following words aloud: raŋi, rano, rapu.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: We may conclude that it would be unsatisfactory to consider a word as noun whenever it is preceded by a dethe morpheme ___rminer. Event words preceded by dethe morpheme ___rminers may have either a nominal sense and nominal function, or a verbal sense and verbal function (possibly with verbal syntactic trappings). This suggests that we should make a distinction between \the morpheme ___xtsc{lexical nominalisation}\is{Nominalisation!lexical}, which turns a verb into a true noun, and \the morpheme ___xtsc{syntactic nominalisation}\is{Nominalisation!syntactic}, in which a verb is used as nucleus of a noun phrase, while retaining its verbal meaning and other verbal characthe morpheme ___ristics, such as the possibility to take verbal arguments. The examples above show that both occur in Rapa Nui: \REF{ex:3.10} is an example of lexical nominalisation\is{Nominalisation!lexical}, while \REF{ex:3.7} is an example of syntactic nominalisation\is{Nominalisation!syntactic}. These processes will be discussed in sections \sectref{sec:3.2.2} and \sectref{sec:3.2.3}, respectively.
A: word: noho	 gloss: stay
B: word: māuiui	 gloss: sick
C: word: te	 gloss: ART
D: word: mate	 gloss: die
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 54:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ka tai\ꞌo pūai te ___ vānaŋa nei: raŋi, rano, rapu.
Gloss (with missing item): IMP read strong ART ___ word PROX raŋi rano rapu
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Read the following words aloud: raŋi, rano, rapu.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: We may conclude that it would be unsatisfactory to consider a word as noun whenever it is preceded by a determiner. Event words preceded by determiners may have either a nominal sense and nominal function, or a verbal sense and verbal function (possibly with verbal syntactic trappings). This suggests that we should make a distinction between \textsc{lexical nominalisation}\is{Nominalisation!lexical}, which turns a verb into a true noun, and \textsc{syntactic nominalisation}\is{Nominalisation!syntactic}, in which a verb is used as nucleus of a noun phrase, while retaining its verbal meaning and other verbal characteristics, such as the possibility to take verbal arguments. The examples above show that both occur in Rapa Nui: \REF{ex:3.10} is an example of lexical nominalisation\is{Nominalisation!lexical}, while \REF{ex:3.7} is an example of syntactic nominalisation\is{Nominalisation!syntactic}. These processes will be discussed in sections \sectref{sec:3.2.2} and \sectref{sec:3.2.3}, respectively.
A: word: famiria	 gloss: family
B: word: ŋāŋata	 gloss: men
C: word: poki	 gloss: child
D: word: ŋā	 gloss: PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 55:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ka tai\ꞌo pūai te ŋā ___ nei: raŋi, rano, rapu.
Gloss (with missing item): IMP read strong ART PL ___ PROX raŋi rano rapu
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Read the following words aloud: raŋi, rano, rapu.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: We may conclude that it would be unsatisfactory to consider a its gloss ___ as noun whenever it is preceded by a determiner. Event its gloss ___s preceded by determiners may have either a nominal sense and nominal function, or a verbal sense and verbal function (possibly with verbal syntactic trappings). This suggests that we should make a distinction between \textsc{lexical nominalisation}\is{Nominalisation!lexical}, which turns a verb into a true noun, and \textsc{syntactic nominalisation}\is{Nominalisation!syntactic}, in which a verb is used as nucleus of a noun phrase, while retaining its verbal meaning and other verbal characteristics, such as the possibility to take verbal arguments. The examples above show that both occur in Rapa Nui: \REF{ex:3.10} is an example of lexical nominalisation\is{Nominalisation!lexical}, while \REF{ex:3.7} is an example of syntactic nominalisation\is{Nominalisation!syntactic}. These processes will be discussed in sections \sectref{sec:3.2.2} and \sectref{sec:3.2.3}, respectively.
A: word: huru	 gloss: manner
B: word: kimi	 gloss: search
C: word: vānaŋa	 gloss: word
D: word: vānaŋanaŋa	 gloss: talk:RED
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 56:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ka tai\ꞌo pūai te ŋā vānaŋa ___ raŋi, rano, rapu.
Gloss (with missing item): IMP read strong ART PL word ___ raŋi rano rapu
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Read the following words aloud: raŋi, rano, rapu.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: We may conclude that it would be unsatisfactory to consider a word as noun whenever it is preceded by a determiner. Event words preceded by determiners may have either a nominal sense and nominal function, or a verbal sense and verbal function (possibly with verbal syntactic trappings). This suggests that we should make a distinction between \textsc{lexical nominalisation}\is{Nominalisation!lexical}, which turns a verb into a true noun, and \textsc{syntactic nominalisation}\is{Nominalisation!syntactic}, in which a verb is used as nucleus of a noun phrase, while retaining its verbal meaning and other verbal characteristics, such as the possibility to take verbal arguments. The examples above show that both occur in Rapa Nui: \REF{ex:3.10} is an example of lexical nominalisation\is{Nominalisation!lexical}, while \REF{ex:3.7} is an example of syntactic nominalisation\is{Nominalisation!syntactic}. These processes will be discussed in sections \sectref{sec:3.2.2} and \sectref{sec:3.2.3}, respectively.
A: word: nei:	 gloss: PROX
B: word: koā	 gloss: COLL
C: word: kī:	 gloss: say
D: word: nei	 gloss: PROX
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 57:
You are a linguist specializing in Rapa Nui. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): I oti era ___ vānaŋa e te vi\ꞌe...
Gloss (with missing item): PFV finish DIST ___ speak AG ART woman
The English translation of this sentence is:‘When the woman had finished speaking...’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: We may conclude that it would be unsatisfactory to consider a word as noun whenever it is preceded by a dethe morpheme ___rminer. Event words preceded by dethe morpheme ___rminers may have either a nominal sense and nominal function, or a verbal sense and verbal function (possibly with verbal syntactic trappings). This suggests that we should make a distinction between \the morpheme ___xtsc{lexical nominalisation}\is{Nominalisation!lexical}, which turns a verb into a true noun, and \the morpheme ___xtsc{syntactic nominalisation}\is{Nominalisation!syntactic}, in which a verb is used as nucleus of a noun phrase, while retaining its verbal meaning and other verbal characthe morpheme ___ristics, such as the possibility to take verbal arguments. The examples above show that both occur in Rapa Nui: \REF{ex:3.10} is an example of lexical nominalisation\is{Nominalisation!lexical}, while \REF{ex:3.7} is an example of syntactic nominalisation\is{Nominalisation!syntactic}. These processes will be discussed in sections \sectref{sec:3.2.2} and \sectref{sec:3.2.3}, respectively.
A: word: mate	 gloss: die
B: word: te	 gloss: ART
C: word: nei:	 gloss: PROX
D: word: noho	 gloss: stay
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B