cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 131:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Pero mi mamá kán acepta di pikín lɛk mi brɔ́da ___ pikín.
Gloss (with missing item): but 1SG.POSS mother PFV accept DEF child like 1SG brother ___ child
The English translation of this sentence is:‘But my mother accepted the child as my brother’s child.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Some depictive secondary predications may alternatively be expressed through nomthe morpheme ___al depictives. One strategy the morpheme ___volves the use of a prepositional phrase the morpheme ___troduced by the multifunctional preposition wet ‘with’ (cf. also \ref{ex:key:888} and \ref{ex:key:885}–\ref{ex:key:886} the morpheme ___ \sectref{sec:7.7.2}):
A: word: nɛ́ks	 gloss: next
B: word: ívin	 gloss: evening
C: word: síkrit	 gloss: secret
D: word: in	 gloss: 3SG.POSS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 132:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Yu pikín ___ de chɔ́p dɛn tú brɛ́d.
Gloss (with missing item): 2SG child ___ IPFV eat 3PL two bread
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Your child was sitting there eating those two loaves of bread.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A common subject-oriented depictive construction in the data involves the expression of “associated posture” \citep{Enfield2002}: The secondary predicate denotes a its gloss ___uation that holds while the subject\is{subjects} assumes a posture denoted by the primary predicate. The secondary predicate is therefore both participant- (the subject) and event-oriented (the primary predicate). When associated posture verbs co-occur with a dynamic secondary predicate, temporal simultaneity is marked overtly by imperfective marking. This is the case in \REF{ex:key:1596} where the posture verb the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___ (down)’ is followed by the imperfective\is{imperfective aspect} marked dynamic verb chɔ́p ‘eat’: \is{aspect}
A: word: jwɛ́n	 gloss: join
B: word: dɔ́n	 gloss: PRF
C: word: bló	 gloss: relax
D: word: sidɔ́n	 gloss: sit
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 133:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Yu pikín sidɔ́n ___ chɔ́p dɛn tú brɛ́d.
Gloss (with missing item): 2SG child sit ___ eat 3PL two bread
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Your child was sitting there eating those two loaves of bread.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A common subject-oriented the morpheme ___pictive construction in the data involves the expression of “associated posture” \citep{Enfield2002}: The secondary predicate the morpheme ___notes a situation that holds while the subject\is{subjects} assumes a posture the morpheme ___noted by the primary predicate. The secondary predicate is therefore both participant- (the subject) and event-oriented (the primary predicate). When associated posture verbs co-occur with a dynamic secondary predicate, temporal simultaneity is marked overtly by imperfective marking. This is the case in \REF{ex:key:1596} where the posture verb sidɔ́n ‘sit (down)’ is followed by the imperfective\is{imperfective aspect} marked dynamic verb chɔ́p ‘eat’: \is{aspect}
A: word: síkrit	 gloss: secret
B: word: cuaderno	 gloss: exercise.book
C: word: tibia	 gloss: lukewarm
D: word: de	 gloss: IPFV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 134:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Yu pikín sidɔ́n de ___ dɛn tú brɛ́d.
Gloss (with missing item): 2SG child sit IPFV ___ 3PL two bread
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Your child was sitting there eating those two loaves of bread.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A common subject-oriented depictive construction in the data involves the expression of “associated posture” \citep{Enfield2002}: The secondary predicate denotes a situation that holds while the subject\is{subjects} assumes a posture denoted by the primary predicate. The secondary predicate is therefore both participant- (the subject) and event-oriented (the primary predicate). When associated posture verbs co-occur with a dynamic secondary predicate, temporal simultaneity is marked overtly by imperfective marking. This is the case in \REF{ex:key:1596} where the posture verb sidɔ́n ‘sit (down)’ is followed by the imperfective\is{imperfective aspect} marked dynamic verb the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’: \is{aspect}
A: word: chɔ́p=an	 gloss: eat=3SG.OBJ
B: word: chɔ́p	 gloss: eat
C: word: difícil	 gloss: difficult
D: word: ték	 gloss: take
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 135:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Dɛn ___ dɛn ráwn di fáya.
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL ___ 3PL surround DEF fire
The English translation of this sentence is:‘They’re sitting around the fire.’ or ‘They sat down around the fire.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The secondary predicate in an associated posture construction may also be another locative verb\is{locative verbs} that elaborates on the type of posture taken by the subject. In \REF{ex:key:1597}, the posture verb the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___ (down)’ is followed by the inchoative-stative locative verb ráwn ‘form a circle’. Since ráwn is not dynamic, the its gloss ___uation of temporal overlap is not marked by means of the imperfective aspect. It is rather marked by factative TMA, hence the bare verb (cf. \sectref{sec:6.1}). The use of a co-referential subject\is{subjects} pronoun with the V2 (the second dɛn ‘\textsc{3pl’} in the example) is the norm if the secondary predicate is not dynamic:
A: word: bló	 gloss: relax
B: word: sidɔ́n	 gloss: sit
C: word: dɔ́n	 gloss: PRF
D: word: rɔ́n	 gloss: run
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 136:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Dɛn sidɔ́n ___ ráwn di fáya.
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL sit ___ surround DEF fire
The English translation of this sentence is:‘They’re sitting around the fire.’ or ‘They sat down around the fire.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The secondary predicate in an associated posture construction may also be another locative verb\is{locative verbs} that elaborates on the type of posture taken by the subject. In \REF{ex:key:1597}, the posture verb sidɔ́n ‘sit (down)’ is followed by the inchoative-stative locative verb ráwn ‘form a circle’. Since ráwn is not dynamic, the situation of temporal overlap is not marked by means of the imperfective aspect. It is rather marked by factative TMA, hence the bare verb (cf. \sectref{sec:6.1}). The use of a co-referential subject\is{subjects} pronoun with the V2 (the second the morpheme ___ ‘\textsc{3pl’} in the example) is the norm if the secondary predicate is not dynamic:
A: word: dɛn-ɔ́l	 gloss: 3PL.CPD-all
B: word: una	 gloss: 2PL
C: word: dɛn	 gloss: 3PL
D: word: kɔ́t	 gloss: cut
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 137:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Dɛn sidɔ́n dɛn ___ di fáya.
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL sit 3PL ___ DEF fire
The English translation of this sentence is:‘They’re sitting around the fire.’ or ‘They sat down around the fire.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The secondary predicate in an associated posture construction may also be another locative verb\is{locative verbs} that elaborates on the type of posture taken by the subject. In \REF{ex:key:1597}, the posture verb sidɔ́n ‘sit (down)’ is followed by the inchoative-stative locative verb the morpheme ___ ‘form a circle’. Since the morpheme ___ is not dynamic, the situation of temporal overlap is not marked by means of the imperfective aspect. It is rather marked by factative TMA, hence the bare verb (cf. \sectref{sec:6.1}). The use of a co-referential subject\is{subjects} pronoun with the V2 (the second dɛn ‘\textsc{3pl’} in the example) is the norm if the secondary predicate is not dynamic:
A: word: náw	 gloss: now
B: word: púl	 gloss: remove
C: word: ráwn	 gloss: surround
D: word: rúm	 gloss: room
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 138:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E nó gɛ́t mɔní, wétin e de ___ e de ópin in sɛ́f so?
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ NEG get money what 3SG.SBJ IPFV ___ 3SG.SBJ IPFV open 3SG.POSS self like.that
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He doesn’t have money, why does he go around boasting like that?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The construction in \REF{ex:key:1600} features the locomotion verb the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ as primary predicate and the idiomatic reflexive construction ópin in sɛ́f ‘(to) boast’ as secondary predicate. Note the presence of the resumptive subject{\fff} pronoun e ‘\textsc{3sg.sbj}’ in this example as well:
A: word: wáka	 gloss: walk
B: word: dɔ́kta	 gloss: doctor
C: word: waka-wáka	 gloss: RED.CPD-walk
D: word: tót	 gloss: carry
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 139:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E nó gɛ́t mɔní, wétin e de wáka e de ___ in sɛ́f so?
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ NEG get money what 3SG.SBJ IPFV walk 3SG.SBJ IPFV ___ 3SG.POSS self like.that
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He doesn’t have money, why does he go around boasting like that?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The construction in \REF{ex:key:1600} features the locomotion verb wáka ‘walk’ as primary predicate and the idiomatic reflexive construction the morpheme ___ in sɛ́f ‘(to) boast’ as secondary predicate. Note the presence of the resumptive subject{\fff} pronoun e ‘\textsc{3sg.sbj}’ in this example as well:
A: word: lás	 gloss: be.last
B: word: kápinta	 gloss: carpenter
C: word: ópin	 gloss: open
D: word: bigín	 gloss: begin
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 140:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Pero dɛn kán ___ mí a de sté na Móka, dɛn kán dú mí na Móka.
Gloss (with missing item): but 3PL PFV ___ 1SG.INDP 1SG.SBJ IPFV stay LOC PLACE 3PL PFV do 1SG.INDP LOC PLACE
The English translation of this sentence is:‘But they did it to me while I was staying in Moka, they did it to me in Moka.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Animacy provides additional cues to the meaning of constructions involving secondary predication. When the object of a transitive verb has an animate object as in \REF{ex:key:1601} (i.e. mí ‘\textsc{1sg.indp’),} the secondary predicate may be interpreted as either subject- or object-oriented. In such cases, the secondary predicate requires a subject pronoun in order to establish reference with either of the two participants:\is{adjuncts}
A: word: pás	 gloss: pass
B: word: bueno	 gloss: well
C: word: dú=an	 gloss: do=3SG.OBJ
D: word: dú	 gloss: do
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 141:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Pero dɛn kán dú ___ a de sté na Móka, dɛn kán dú mí na Móka.
Gloss (with missing item): but 3PL PFV do ___ 1SG.SBJ IPFV stay LOC PLACE 3PL PFV do 1SG.INDP LOC PLACE
The English translation of this sentence is:‘But they did it to me while I was staying in Moka, they did it to me in Moka.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Animacy provides additional cues to the meaning of constructions involving secondary predication. When the object of a transitive verb has an animate object as in \REF{ex:key:1601} (i.e. the morpheme ___ ‘\textsc{1sg.indp’),} the secondary predicate may be interpreted as either subject- or object-oriented. In such cases, the secondary predicate requires a subject pronoun in order to establish reference with either of the two participants:\is{adjuncts}
A: word: mít=an	 gloss: meet=3SG.OBJ
B: word: yú=an	 gloss: 2SG.INDP=3SG.OBJ
C: word: mí	 gloss: 1SG.INDP
D: word: pás	 gloss: pass
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 142:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Pero dɛn kán dú mí ___ de sté na Móka, dɛn kán dú mí na Móka.
Gloss (with missing item): but 3PL PFV do 1SG.INDP ___ IPFV stay LOC PLACE 3PL PFV do 1SG.INDP LOC PLACE
The English translation of this sentence is:‘But they did it to me while I was staying in Moka, they did it to me in Moka.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Animthe morpheme ___cy provides the morpheme ___dditionthe morpheme ___l cues to the methe morpheme ___ning of constructions involving secondthe morpheme ___ry predicthe morpheme ___tion. When the object of the morpheme ___ trthe morpheme ___nsitive verb hthe morpheme ___s the morpheme ___n the morpheme ___nimthe morpheme ___te object the morpheme ___s in \REF{ex:key:1601} (i.e. mí ‘\textsc{1sg.indp’),} the secondthe morpheme ___ry predicthe morpheme ___te mthe morpheme ___y be interpreted the morpheme ___s either subject- or object-oriented. In such cthe morpheme ___ses, the secondthe morpheme ___ry predicthe morpheme ___te requires the morpheme ___ subject pronoun in order to estthe morpheme ___blish reference with either of the two pthe morpheme ___rticipthe morpheme ___nts:\is{the morpheme ___djuncts}
A: word: báy=an	 gloss: buy=3SG.OBJ
B: word: a	 gloss: 1SG.SBJ
C: word: rích	 gloss: reach
D: word: kɔ́f	 gloss: cough
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 143:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E ___ di hós blák.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ ___ DEF house black
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He painted the house black.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In \REF{ex:key:1602}, the verb of production the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ is followed by the patient\is{patient} object hós ‘house’ and the secondary predicate blák ‘black’. The secondary predicated is an object-oriented resultative adjunct that denotes the resultant state of the event denoted by the primary predicate:
A: word: ték=an	 gloss: take=3SG.OBJ
B: word: colór	 gloss: colour
C: word: pént	 gloss: paint
D: word: pén	 gloss: pain
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 144:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Dɛn ___ di café e tú swít.
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL ___ DEF coffee 3SG.SBJ too be.sweet
The English translation of this sentence is:‘They prepared the coffee (it’s) too sweet.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sentence \REF{ex:key:1603} features the effected-object verb\is{} the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___, prepare’ as a primary predicate. Note that the secondary predicate takes the subject\is{subjects} pronoun e ‘\textsc{3sg.sbj}’, which is co-referential with the primary predicate object café ‘coffee’. The overt subject pronoun is not necessary here because the resultative predicate is clearly object-oriented (unlike the primary predicate presented in \ref{ex:key:1588} above). I assume that an explicit subject pronoun is nevertheless employed because of the presence of the preverbal degree adverb tú ‘too (much)’. This its gloss ___s the secondary predicate more complex and motivates the use of a finite resultative clause featuring an overt subject:
A: word: pént	 gloss: paint
B: word: mék=an	 gloss: make=3SG.OBJ
C: word: jám	 gloss: make.contact
D: word: mék	 gloss: make
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 145:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Dɛn mék di café ___ tú swít.
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL make DEF coffee ___ too be.sweet
The English translation of this sentence is:‘They prepared the coffee (it’s) too sweet.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sthe morpheme ___ntthe morpheme ___ncthe morpheme ___ \REF{the morpheme ___x:kthe morpheme ___y:1603} fthe morpheme ___aturthe morpheme ___s ththe morpheme ___ the morpheme ___ffthe morpheme ___ctthe morpheme ___d-objthe morpheme ___ct vthe morpheme ___rb\is{} mék ‘makthe morpheme ___, prthe morpheme ___parthe morpheme ___’ as a primary prthe morpheme ___dicatthe morpheme ___. Notthe morpheme ___ that ththe morpheme ___ sthe morpheme ___condary prthe morpheme ___dicatthe morpheme ___ takthe morpheme ___s ththe morpheme ___ subjthe morpheme ___ct\is{subjthe morpheme ___cts} pronoun the morpheme ___ ‘\tthe morpheme ___xtsc{3sg.sbj}’, which is co-rthe morpheme ___fthe morpheme ___rthe morpheme ___ntial with ththe morpheme ___ primary prthe morpheme ___dicatthe morpheme ___ objthe morpheme ___ct café ‘coffthe morpheme ___the morpheme ___’. Ththe morpheme ___ ovthe morpheme ___rt subjthe morpheme ___ct pronoun is not nthe morpheme ___cthe morpheme ___ssary hthe morpheme ___rthe morpheme ___ bthe morpheme ___causthe morpheme ___ ththe morpheme ___ rthe morpheme ___sultativthe morpheme ___ prthe morpheme ___dicatthe morpheme ___ is clthe morpheme ___arly objthe morpheme ___ct-orithe morpheme ___ntthe morpheme ___d (unlikthe morpheme ___ ththe morpheme ___ primary prthe morpheme ___dicatthe morpheme ___ prthe morpheme ___sthe morpheme ___ntthe morpheme ___d in \rthe morpheme ___f{the morpheme ___x:kthe morpheme ___y:1588} abovthe morpheme ___). I assumthe morpheme ___ that an the morpheme ___xplicit subjthe morpheme ___ct pronoun is nthe morpheme ___vthe morpheme ___rththe morpheme ___lthe morpheme ___ss the morpheme ___mploythe morpheme ___d bthe morpheme ___causthe morpheme ___ of ththe morpheme ___ prthe morpheme ___sthe morpheme ___ncthe morpheme ___ of ththe morpheme ___ prthe morpheme ___vthe morpheme ___rbal dthe morpheme ___grthe morpheme ___the morpheme ___ advthe morpheme ___rb tú ‘too (much)’. This makthe morpheme ___s ththe morpheme ___ sthe morpheme ___condary prthe morpheme ___dicatthe morpheme ___ morthe morpheme ___ complthe morpheme ___x and motivatthe morpheme ___s ththe morpheme ___ usthe morpheme ___ of a finitthe morpheme ___ rthe morpheme ___sultativthe morpheme ___ clausthe morpheme ___ fthe morpheme ___aturing an ovthe morpheme ___rt subjthe morpheme ___ct:
A: word: sigue	 gloss: follow
B: word: e	 gloss: 3SG.SBJ
C: word: trú	 gloss: true
D: word: kɔmɔ́t	 gloss: go.away
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B