cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 19:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A tɔ́k ___ wɔ́d.
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ talk ___ word
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I said one word.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The transition from a more lexical reading of sé to a more functional its gloss ___ is far from clear-cut (which is why I have opted for a unitary gloss of ‘\textsc{quot}’ in all contexts). First, distributional restrictions set sé apart from the true speech verbs tɔ́k ‘talk, say’ and tɛ́l ‘tell’. For instance, sé does not normally take a nominal object, as does tɔ́k. Compare \REF{ex:key:1368a} and \REF{ex:key:1368b}.
A: word: wáns	 gloss: once
B: word: wán	 gloss: one
C: word: tɛ́n	 gloss: time
D: word: wánt	 gloss: want
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 20:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A ___ “na mán dís?”
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ ___ FOC man this
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I said “this is a man?”’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The recurrent use of quotative clauses introduced by the morpheme ___ ‘\textsc{quot}’ with or without a preceding subject in order to render direct and inner speech is a conspicuous feature of longer stretches of narrative discourse. Direct speech\is{direct speech} in Pichi rarely serves the sole aim of giving neutral reports of utterances. One of its crucial functions is the creation of an atmosphere of vivacity and authenticity that builds up tension and draws listeners into the narrative. Compare (\ref{ex:key:1371a}–\ref{ex:key:1371e}), in which speaker (ed) recalls his difficulty in distinguishing a transsexual man from a woman:
A: word: sé	 gloss: QUOT
B: word: sén	 gloss: EMP
C: word: sém	 gloss: be.ashamed
D: word: tít	 gloss: tooth
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 21:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ na mán?
Gloss (with missing item): ___ FOC man
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(You) say it’s a man?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The recurrent use of quotative clauses introduced by the morpheme ___ ‘\textsc{quot}’ with or without a preceding subject in order to render direct and inner speech is a conspicuous feature of longer stretches of narrative discourse. Direct speech\is{direct speech} in Pichi rarely serves the sole aim of giving neutral reports of utterances. One of its crucial functions is the creation of an atmosphere of vivacity and authenticity that builds up tension and draws listeners into the narrative. Compare (\ref{ex:key:1371a}–\ref{ex:key:1371e}), in which speaker (ed) recalls his difficulty in distinguishing a transsexual man from a woman:
A: word: que	 gloss: that
B: word: sé	 gloss: QUOT
C: word: sén	 gloss: EMP
D: word: glás	 gloss: glass
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 22:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ go sé e de fíɛ, e nó go gí mí di tín wé a de sɛ́n=an.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ POT QUOT 3SG.SBJ IPFV fear 3SG.SBJ NEG POT give 1SG.INDP DEF thing SUB 1SG.SBJ IPFV send=3SG.OBJ
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He would say, he was afraid (and) he wouldn’t give me the thing that I was sending him for.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examplthe morpheme ___ \REF{the morpheme ___x:kthe morpheme ___y:1372} shows that ththe morpheme ___ absthe morpheme ___ncthe morpheme ___ of ovthe morpheme ___rt subjthe morpheme ___cts in this typthe morpheme ___ of discoursthe morpheme ___ opthe morpheme ___ns up a grthe morpheme ___y arthe morpheme ___a in which ththe morpheme ___rthe morpheme ___ is amplthe morpheme ___ room for both a morthe morpheme ___ functional and a morthe morpheme ___ lthe morpheme ___xical rthe morpheme ___ading of a subjthe morpheme ___ct-lthe morpheme ___ss, clausthe morpheme ___-initial sé. Comparthe morpheme ___ ththe morpheme ___ unambiguous usthe morpheme ___ of sé as a spthe morpheme ___the morpheme ___ch vthe morpheme ___rb in \REF{the morpheme ___x:kthe morpheme ___y:1372a} with ththe morpheme ___ altthe morpheme ___rnativthe morpheme ___ translations of ththe morpheme ___ subjthe morpheme ___ct-lthe morpheme ___ss sé in \REF{the morpheme ___x:kthe morpheme ___y:1372b}:
A: word: e	 gloss: 3SG.SBJ
B: word: bɔ́y	 gloss: boy
C: word: frijoles	 gloss: bean.PL
D: word: sigue	 gloss: follow
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 23:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E ___ sé e de fíɛ, e nó go gí mí di tín wé a de sɛ́n=an.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ ___ QUOT 3SG.SBJ IPFV fear 3SG.SBJ NEG POT give 1SG.INDP DEF thing SUB 1SG.SBJ IPFV send=3SG.OBJ
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He would say, he was afraid (and) he wouldn’t give me the thing that I was sending him for.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{ex:key:1372} shows that the absence of overt subjects in this type of discourse opens up a grey area in which there is ample room for both a more functional and a more lexical reading of a subject-less, clause-initial sé. Compare the unambiguous use of sé as a speech verb in \REF{ex:key:1372a} with the alternative translations of the subject-less sé in \REF{ex:key:1372b}:
A: word: golpe	 gloss: blow
B: word: jakató	 gloss: bitter.tomato
C: word: pépa	 gloss: paper
D: word: go	 gloss: POT
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 24:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E go ___ e de fíɛ, e nó go gí mí di tín wé a de sɛ́n=an.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ POT ___ 3SG.SBJ IPFV fear 3SG.SBJ NEG POT give 1SG.INDP DEF thing SUB 1SG.SBJ IPFV send=3SG.OBJ
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He would say, he was afraid (and) he wouldn’t give me the thing that I was sending him for.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{ex:key:1372} shows that the absence of overt subjects in this type of discourse opens up a grey area in which there is ample room for both a more functional and a more lexical reading of a subject-less, clause-initial the morpheme ___. Compare the unambiguous use of the morpheme ___ as a speech verb in \REF{ex:key:1372a} with the alternative translations of the subject-less the morpheme ___ in \REF{ex:key:1372b}:
A: word: realmente	 gloss: really
B: word: fáyn	 gloss: fine
C: word: sé	 gloss: QUOT
D: word: sén	 gloss: EMP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 25:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ ín nó wánt in abuelo skrách=an.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3SG.INDP NEG want 3SG.POSS grandfather scratch=3SG.OBJ
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(He’d) say he [\textsc{emp}] doesn’t want his grandfather to scratch him.’ or ‘Because he doesn’t want his grandfather to scratch him.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{ex:key:1372} shows that the absence of overt subjects in this type of discourse opens up a grey area in which there is ample room for both a more functional and a more lexical reading of a subject-less, clause-initial the morpheme ___. Compare the unambiguous use of the morpheme ___ as a speech verb in \REF{ex:key:1372a} with the alternative translations of the subject-less the morpheme ___ in \REF{ex:key:1372b}:
A: word: sén	 gloss: EMP
B: word: sé	 gloss: QUOT
C: word: dɛn	 gloss: 3PL
D: word: ús=pɔ́sin	 gloss: Q=person
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 26:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E nó sabí tɔ́k ni Panyá, ___ sé e wánt muchachita de diecisiete años.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ NEG know talk even Spanish ___ QUOT 3SG.SBJ want young.girl of seventeen year.PL
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He doesn’t even know how to talk Spanish (and) he says he wants a young girl of seventeen years.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Spthe morpheme ___akthe morpheme ___rs may usthe morpheme ___ 3\tthe morpheme ___xtsupthe morpheme ___rscript{rd} pthe morpheme ___rson pronouns in rthe morpheme ___portthe morpheme ___d spthe morpheme ___the morpheme ___ch as in \REF{the morpheme ___x:kthe morpheme ___y:1374} abovthe morpheme ___ or insthe morpheme ___rt dirthe morpheme ___ct quotations as in \REF{the morpheme ___x:kthe morpheme ___y:1375} bthe morpheme ___low. Ththe morpheme ___sthe morpheme ___ the morpheme ___lthe morpheme ___mthe morpheme ___nts togthe morpheme ___ththe morpheme ___r constitutthe morpheme ___ somthe morpheme ___ of ththe morpheme ___ conspicuous charactthe morpheme ___ristics of Pichi narrativthe morpheme ___ discoursthe morpheme ___, in which ththe morpheme ___ alrthe morpheme ___ady wthe morpheme ___ak boundary bthe morpheme ___twthe morpheme ___the morpheme ___n dirthe morpheme ___ct and indirthe morpheme ___ct spthe morpheme ___the morpheme ___ch\is{indirthe morpheme ___ct spthe morpheme ___the morpheme ___ch} in Pichi is oftthe morpheme ___n dthe morpheme ___libthe morpheme ___ratthe morpheme ___ly blurrthe morpheme ___d as part of a pthe morpheme ___rformancthe morpheme ___-orithe morpheme ___ntthe morpheme ___d narrativthe morpheme ___ tthe morpheme ___chniquthe morpheme ___:
A: word: e	 gloss: 3SG.SBJ
B: word: sigue	 gloss: follow
C: word: ús=sík	 gloss: Q=sickness
D: word: tɛ́n	 gloss: time
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 27:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E nó sabí tɔ́k ni Panyá, e ___ e wánt muchachita de diecisiete años.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ NEG know talk even Spanish 3SG.SBJ ___ 3SG.SBJ want young.girl of seventeen year.PL
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He doesn’t even know how to talk Spanish (and) he says he wants a young girl of seventeen years.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Speakers may use 3\textsuperscript{rd} person pronouns in reported speech as in \REF{ex:key:1374} above or insert direct quotations as in \REF{ex:key:1375} below. These elements together constitute some of the conspicuous characteristics of Pichi narrative discourse, in which the already weak boundary between direct and indirect speech\is{indirect speech} in Pichi is often deliberately blurred as part of a performance-oriented narrative technique:
A: word: sé	 gloss: QUOT
B: word: smɔ́l	 gloss: small
C: word: sén	 gloss: EMP
D: word: wán	 gloss: one
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 28:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Tidé e kán ___ sé, “a tínk sé a go fínis ɔ́l di resto”.
Gloss (with missing item): today 3SG.SBJ come ___ QUOT 1SG.SBJ think QUOT 1SG.SBJ POT finish all DEF rest
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Today he came, he said “I think I am going to finish all the rest”.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Spthe morpheme ___akthe morpheme ___rs may usthe morpheme ___ 3\tthe morpheme ___xtsupthe morpheme ___rscript{rd} pthe morpheme ___rson pronouns in rthe morpheme ___portthe morpheme ___d spthe morpheme ___the morpheme ___ch as in \REF{the morpheme ___x:kthe morpheme ___y:1374} abovthe morpheme ___ or insthe morpheme ___rt dirthe morpheme ___ct quotations as in \REF{the morpheme ___x:kthe morpheme ___y:1375} bthe morpheme ___low. Ththe morpheme ___sthe morpheme ___ the morpheme ___lthe morpheme ___mthe morpheme ___nts togthe morpheme ___ththe morpheme ___r constitutthe morpheme ___ somthe morpheme ___ of ththe morpheme ___ conspicuous charactthe morpheme ___ristics of Pichi narrativthe morpheme ___ discoursthe morpheme ___, in which ththe morpheme ___ alrthe morpheme ___ady wthe morpheme ___ak boundary bthe morpheme ___twthe morpheme ___the morpheme ___n dirthe morpheme ___ct and indirthe morpheme ___ct spthe morpheme ___the morpheme ___ch\is{indirthe morpheme ___ct spthe morpheme ___the morpheme ___ch} in Pichi is oftthe morpheme ___n dthe morpheme ___libthe morpheme ___ratthe morpheme ___ly blurrthe morpheme ___d as part of a pthe morpheme ___rformancthe morpheme ___-orithe morpheme ___ntthe morpheme ___d narrativthe morpheme ___ tthe morpheme ___chniquthe morpheme ___:
A: word: sigue	 gloss: follow
B: word: smɛ́l	 gloss: smell
C: word: sabí	 gloss: know
D: word: e	 gloss: 3SG.SBJ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 29:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Tidé e kán e sé, ___ tínk sé a go fínis ɔ́l di resto”.
Gloss (with missing item): today 3SG.SBJ come 3SG.SBJ QUOT ___ think QUOT 1SG.SBJ POT finish all DEF rest
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Today he came, he said “I think I am going to finish all the rest”.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Speakers may use 3\textsuperscript{rd} person pronouns in reported speech as in \REF{ex:key:1374} above or insert direct quotations as in \REF{ex:key:1375} below. These elements together constitute some of the conspicuous characteristics of Pichi narrative discourse, in which the already weak boundary between direct and indirect speech\is{indirect speech} in Pichi is often deliberately blurred as part of a performance-oriented narrative technique:
A: word: báy=an	 gloss: buy=3SG.OBJ
B: word: “a	 gloss: 1SG.SBJ
C: word: lɛ́f	 gloss: remain
D: word: ɔnkúl	 gloss: uncle
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 30:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A fít tɛ́l yú ___ morera, teca, kalabo.
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ can tell 2SG.INDP ___ mulberry teak kalabo
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I can tell you mulberry, teak, kalabo [listing types of wood].’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sentence \REF{ex:key:1378} exemplifies the use of the morpheme ___ in listing. In these examples, the name or members of the list appear as nominal complements of the morpheme ___:
A: word: sé	 gloss: QUOT
B: word: pépa	 gloss: paper
C: word: bambáy	 gloss: REP
D: word: sén	 gloss: EMP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 31:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Di pikín ɔ́l ___ na mi yón bikɔs a dɔ́n pé mɔní.
Gloss (with missing item): DEF child all ___ FOC 1SG.POSS own because 1SG.SBJ PRF pay money
The English translation of this sentence is:‘The children are all mine because I have paid money [the dowry].’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The data also contains examples in which the use of the morpheme ___ as a deictic identifier of a nominal entity has been taken to its logical conclusion. In \REF{ex:key:1380}, the morpheme ___ expresses identity in combination with the copula and focus marker na:
A: word: tín	 gloss: thing
B: word: sén	 gloss: EMP
C: word: sé	 gloss: QUOT
D: word: amiga	 gloss: girlfriend
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 32:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Di pikín ɔ́l sé ___ mi yón bikɔs a dɔ́n pé mɔní.
Gloss (with missing item): DEF child all QUOT ___ 1SG.POSS own because 1SG.SBJ PRF pay money
The English translation of this sentence is:‘The children are all mine because I have paid money [the dowry].’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The data also contains examples in which the use of sé as a deictic identifier of a nomithe morpheme ___l entity has been taken to its logical conclusion. In \REF{ex:key:1380}, sé expresses identity in combithe morpheme ___tion with the copula and focus marker the morpheme ___:
A: word: djunais	 gloss: NAME
B: word: llegue	 gloss: arrive:SBJV
C: word: nóto	 gloss: NEG.FOC
D: word: na	 gloss: FOC
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 33:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E wánt ___ mɛ́n fɔ́s.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ want ___ cure first
The English translation of this sentence is:‘She wanted to try to get better first.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Some aspectual and modal verbs are characterised by variation in their occurrence with fɔ{}-complements. For instance, grí ‘agree’ and the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ are attested with the zero strategy of complementation and with complements introduced by fɔ. The modal verb the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ appears without the element fɔ in \REF{ex:key:1384} and with it in \REF{ex:key:1385}:
A: word: wánt	 gloss: want
B: word: sɛ́f	 gloss: self
C: word: ova-dráy	 gloss: over.CPD-be.dry
D: word: tráy	 gloss: try
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 34:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Mék e ___ fɔ dríng.
Gloss (with missing item): SBJV 3SG.SBJ ___ PREP drink
The English translation of this sentence is:‘She should leave drinking.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As a complementiser, fɔ introduces the complements of aspectual and modal verbs that may not occur without an overt complementiser. One of these verbs is the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___, stop to’ \REF{ex:key:1386}, a verb that expresses the aspectual notion of cessation:
A: word: hád	 gloss: be.hard
B: word: lɛ́f	 gloss: leave
C: word: pípul	 gloss: people
D: word: lɛ́f=an	 gloss: leave=3SG.OBJ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B