cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 69:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A tún=an ___ mék e báy mí motó.
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ tune=3SG.OBJ ___ SBJV 3SG.SBJ buy 1SG.INDP car
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I coaxed her into buying me a car.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Verbs expressing the strong deontic notion of manipulation are only attested with subjunctive complements introduced by mék ‘\textsc{sbjv}’. These complements have a dependent time reference; the complement situation is always posterior to that of the main verb. Strong deontic verbs invariably express a strong degree of manipulation, a notion that is compatible with the use of subjunctive mood in directives\is{directives} (cf. \sectref{sec:6.7.3.3}). Below follow subjunctive complements of the manipulative verbs fɔ́s ‘force’ \REF{ex:key:1397} and tún ‘tune, persuade’ \REF{ex:key:1398}:
A: word: sé	 gloss: QUOT
B: word: sén	 gloss: EMP
C: word: traducción	 gloss: translation
D: word: pikín	 gloss: child
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 70:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A tún=an sé ___ e báy mí motó.
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ tune=3SG.OBJ QUOT ___ 3SG.SBJ buy 1SG.INDP car
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I coaxed her into buying me a car.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Verbs expressing the strong deontic notion of manipulation are only attested with subjunctive complements introduced by the morpheme ___ ‘\textsc{sbjv}’. These complements have a dependent time reference; the complement situation is always posterior to that of the main verb. Strong deontic verbs invariably express a strong degree of manipulation, a notion that is compatible with the use of subjunctive mood in directives\is{directives} (cf. \sectref{sec:6.7.3.3}). Below follow subjunctive complements of the manipulative verbs fɔ́s ‘force’ \REF{ex:key:1397} and tún ‘tune, persuade’ \REF{ex:key:1398}:
A: word: mék=an	 gloss: make=3SG.OBJ
B: word: mék	 gloss: SBJV
C: word: fáyn	 gloss: fine
D: word: áwa	 gloss: hour
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 71:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E ___ mék in húman dríng di cerveza.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ ___ SBJV 3SG.POSS woman drink DEF beer
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He made his woman drink the beer.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The class of manipulative complement-taking verbs also includes the verbs the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___, cause to’ \REF{ex:key:1399} and lɛ́f ‘leave, permit’ in their respective functions as causative and permis\-sive-causative verbs (cf. \sectref{sec:9.4.4}):{\fff}
A: word: mék	 gloss: make
B: word: mɔ́ch	 gloss: much
C: word: mék=an	 gloss: make=3SG.OBJ
D: word: jám	 gloss: make.contact
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 72:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E mék ___ in húman dríng di cerveza.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ make ___ 3SG.POSS woman drink DEF beer
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He made his woman drink the beer.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The class of manipulative complement-taking verbs also includes the verbs the morpheme ___ ‘make, cause to’ \REF{ex:key:1399} and lɛ́f ‘leave, permit’ in their respective functions as causative and permis\-sive-causative verbs (cf. \sectref{sec:9.4.4}):{\fff}
A: word: fámbul	 gloss: family
B: word: mék	 gloss: SBJV
C: word: fɔ́s=an	 gloss: force=3SG.OBJ
D: word: mék=an	 gloss: make=3SG.OBJ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 73:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A ___ tɔ́k dán smɔ́l tɔ́k dé.
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ ___ talk that small talk there
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I want to say that particular small word.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The manipulative verb of desire the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ is very versatile. It may occur in same subject\is{subjects} complement clauses (cf. e.g. \ref{ex:key:412}) or may take complements featuring the imperfective marker de ‘\textsc{ipfv}’ (cf. e.g. \ref{ex:key:1381}). When the subjects of the main and complement clauses are not the same, a subjunctive mék{}-complement is required:
A: word: wántɛn	 gloss: suddenly
B: word: quiero	 gloss: I.want
C: word: pút=an	 gloss: put=3SG.OBJ
D: word: wánt	 gloss: want
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 74:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A wánt ___ dán smɔ́l tɔ́k dé.
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ want ___ that small talk there
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I want to say that particular small word.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The manipulative verb of desire wánt ‘want’ is very versatile. It may occur in same subject\is{subjects} complement clauses (cf. e.g. \ref{ex:key:412}) or may take complements featuring the imperfective marker de ‘\textsc{ipfv}’ (cf. e.g. \ref{ex:key:1381}). When the subjects of the main and complement clauses are not the same, a subjunctive mék{}-complement is required:
A: word: tɔ́k	 gloss: talk
B: word: conversa	 gloss: converse
C: word: tík	 gloss: be.thick
D: word: tɔ́k=an	 gloss: talk=3SG.OBJ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 75:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): \textstylePichiglossZchn{Yú} ___ de gó?
Gloss (with missing item): 2SG ___ IPFV go
The English translation of this sentence is:‘You want to (get) go(ing)?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The manipulative verb of desire wánt ‘its gloss ___’ is very versatile. It may occur in same subject\is{subjects} complement clauses (cf. e.g. \ref{ex:key:412}) or may take complements featuring the imperfective marker de ‘\textsc{ipfv}’ (cf. e.g. \ref{ex:key:1381}). When the subjects of the main and complement clauses are not the same, a subjunctive mék{}-complement is required:
A: word: tɛ́n	 gloss: time
B: word: quiero	 gloss: I.want
C: word: wɔ́nt	 gloss: want
D: word: “mɔ́nt”	 gloss: month
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 76:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): \textstylePichiglossZchn{Yú} wɔ́nt ___ gó?
Gloss (with missing item): 2SG want ___ go
The English translation of this sentence is:‘You want to (get) go(ing)?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The manipulative verb of the morpheme ___sire wánt ‘want’ is very versatile. It may occur in same subject\is{subjects} complement clauses (cf. e.g. \ref{ex:key:412}) or may take complements featuring the imperfective marker the morpheme ___ ‘\textsc{ipfv}’ (cf. e.g. \ref{ex:key:1381}). When the subjects of the main and complement clauses are not the same, a subjunctive mék{}-complement is required:
A: word: gabonés	 gloss: Gabonese
B: word: cuaderno	 gloss: exercise.book
C: word: pikín	 gloss: child
D: word: de	 gloss: IPFV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 77:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): \'{A}fta, bueno ___ sé mék e bák yú di mɔní.
Gloss (with missing item): then good ___ QUOT SBJV 3SG.SBJ give.back 2SG.INDP DEF money
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Then, ok, tell him that he should give you back the money.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Speech verbs employed as verbs of ordering and manipulation always take subjunctive complements. Examples of such indirect imperatives{\fff} are provided in the following two sentences involving the verbs tɛ́l ‘tell (to)’ \REF{ex:key:1401} and bɛ́g ‘ask to’ \REF{ex:key:1402}: {\fff}
A: word: kɔ́l=an	 gloss: call=3SG.OBJ
B: word: tɛ́l=an	 gloss: tell=3SG.OBJ
C: word: gí=an	 gloss: give=3SG.OBJ
D: word: fɔséko	 gloss: due.to
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 78:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): \'{A}fta, bueno tɛ́l=an sé ___ e bák yú di mɔní.
Gloss (with missing item): then good tell=3SG.OBJ QUOT ___ 3SG.SBJ give.back 2SG.INDP DEF money
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Then, ok, tell him that he should give you back the money.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Speech verbs employed as verbs of ordering and manipulation always take subjunctive complements. Examples of such indirect imperatives{\fff} are provided in the following two sentences involving the verbs tɛ́l ‘tell (to)’ \REF{ex:key:1401} and bɛ́g ‘ask to’ \REF{ex:key:1402}: {\fff}
A: word: rúm	 gloss: room
B: word: mék=an	 gloss: make=3SG.OBJ
C: word: sísta	 gloss: sister
D: word: mék	 gloss: SBJV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 79:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E bin ___ sé mék e kíl di fɔ́l.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ PST ___ QUOT SBJV 3SG.SBJ kill DEF fowl
The English translation of this sentence is:‘She asked him to kill the fowl.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Speech verbs employed as verbs of ordering and manipulation always take subjunctive complements. Examples of such indirect imperatives{\fff} are provided in the following two sentences involving the verbs tɛ́l ‘tell (to)’ \REF{ex:key:1401} and bɛ́g ‘ask to’ \REF{ex:key:1402}: {\fff}
A: word: bɛ́g=an	 gloss: beg=3SG.OBJ
B: word: bɛ́g	 gloss: beg
C: word: kandá	 gloss: bark
D: word: áks=an	 gloss: ask=3SG.OBJ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 80:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E bin bɛ́g=an sé ___ e kíl di fɔ́l.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ PST beg=3SG.OBJ QUOT ___ 3SG.SBJ kill DEF fowl
The English translation of this sentence is:‘She asked him to kill the fowl.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Speech verbs employed as verbs of ordering and manipulation always take subjunctive complements. Examples of such indirect imperatives{\fff} are provided in the following two sentences involving the verbs tɛ́l ‘tell (to)’ \REF{ex:key:1401} and bɛ́g ‘ask to’ \REF{ex:key:1402}: {\fff}
A: word: mék=an	 gloss: make=3SG.OBJ
B: word: sɛ́l	 gloss: sell
C: word: aunque	 gloss: like
D: word: mék	 gloss: SBJV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 81:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Na ín mi gran-má bin kán tɔ́k sé in nó go ___ mi a gó.
Gloss (with missing item): FOC 3SG.INDP 1SG.POSS grand-ma PST come talk QUOT 3SG.INDP NEG POT ___ 1SG.INDP 1SG.SBJ go
The English translation of this sentence is:‘That’s when my grandma said that she [EMP] wouldn’t let me go.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In a few instances in the data, the complements of strong deontic verbs are not introduced by mék ‘\textsc{sbjv}’; the subjunctive marker is absent. I give two examples featuring the main verbs the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___, permit’ \REF{ex:key:1403} and wánt ‘want’ \REF{ex:key:1404}:
A: word: lɛ́f	 gloss: leave
B: word: doce	 gloss: twelve
C: word: bús	 gloss: forest
D: word: lɛ́f=an	 gloss: leave=3SG.OBJ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 82:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Sé ín nó ___ {in} {abuelo} skrách=an.
Gloss (with missing item): QUOT 3SG.INDP NEG ___ 3SG.POSS grandfather scratch=3SG.OBJ
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(He) said, he [EMP] didn’t want his grandfather to scratch him.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In a few instances in the data, the complements of strong deontic verbs are not introduced by mék ‘\textsc{sbjv}’; the subjunctive marker is absent. I give two examples featuring the main verbs lɛ́f ‘leave, permit’ \REF{ex:key:1403} and the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ \REF{ex:key:1404}:
A: word: wánt	 gloss: want
B: word: wántɛn	 gloss: suddenly
C: word: quiero	 gloss: I.want
D: word: ús=sáy	 gloss: Q=side
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 83:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Na ín mi gran-má bin kán tɔ́k sé in nó go ___ mi a gó.
Gloss (with missing item): FOC 3SG.INDP 1SG.POSS grand-ma PST come talk QUOT 3SG.INDP NEG POT ___ 1SG.INDP 1SG.SBJ go
The English translation of this sentence is:‘That’s when my grandma said that she [EMP] wouldn’t let me go.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Notwithstanding the absence of the subjunctive marker, I analyse the clauses in bold in \REF{ex:key:1403} and \REF{ex:key:1404} above as subjunctive clauses. Evidence comes from the reduced TMA marking that characterises these clauses. Although both subordinate clauses are future-referring, they are not marked by go ‘\textsc{pot}’ as they would if they occurred in main clauses or clauses with independent time reference (e.g. in quotative clause\is{quotative clauses}s introduced by sé ‘\textsc{quot}’). Instead, the subordinate verbs gó ‘go’ and skrách ‘scratch’ appear stripped of any TMA marking as do subjunctive complements introduced by mék ‘\textsc{sbjv}’.\is{deontic modality}
A: word: lɔ́s	 gloss: lose
B: word: lɛ́f	 gloss: leave
C: word: lɛ́f=an	 gloss: leave=3SG.OBJ
D: word: tík	 gloss: be.thick
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 84:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Sé ín nó ___ {in} {abuelo} skrách=an.
Gloss (with missing item): QUOT 3SG.INDP NEG ___ 3SG.POSS grandfather scratch=3SG.OBJ
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(He) said, he [EMP] didn’t want his grandfather to scratch him.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Notwithstanding the absence of the subjunctive marker, I analyse the clauses in bold in \REF{ex:key:1403} and \REF{ex:key:1404} above as subjunctive clauses. Evidence comes from the reduced TMA marking that characterises these clauses. Although both subordinate clauses are future-referring, they are not marked by go ‘\textsc{pot}’ as they would if they occurred in main clauses or clauses with independent time reference (e.g. in quotative clause\is{quotative clauses}s introduced by sé ‘\textsc{quot}’). Instead, the subordinate verbs gó ‘go’ and skrách ‘scratch’ appear stripped of any TMA marking as do subjunctive complements introduced by mék ‘\textsc{sbjv}’.\is{deontic modality}
A: word: wánt	 gloss: want
B: word: wántɛn	 gloss: suddenly
C: word: quiero	 gloss: I.want
D: word: ús=tɛ́n	 gloss: Q=time
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 85:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Yɛ, a kán ___ sé ‘chica, mí nó lɛ́k yú bɔt wi fít dé lɛk kɔ́mpin’.
Gloss (with missing item): yeah 1SG.SBJ PFV ___ QUOT girl 1SG.INDP NEG like 2SG.INDP but 1PL can BE.LOC like friend
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Yeah, I told her “girl, I don’t love you but we can be like friends”.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The quotative marker sé ‘\textsc{quot}’ introduces the finite complement clauses of speech \REF{ex:key:1405}, cognition \REF{ex:key:1406}, and perception verbs \REF{ex:key:1407}. Complement clauses introduced by sé have independent time reference and are not reduced; they are finite and may occur with the full range of \textsc{TMA} marking as in the following examples:
A: word: kɔ́l=an	 gloss: call=3SG.OBJ
B: word: bin	 gloss: PST
C: word: tɛ́l=an	 gloss: tell=3SG.OBJ
D: word: gí=an	 gloss: give=3SG.OBJ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 86:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Yɛ, a kán tɛ́l=an ___ ‘chica, mí nó lɛ́k yú bɔt wi fít dé lɛk kɔ́mpin’.
Gloss (with missing item): yeah 1SG.SBJ PFV tell=3SG.OBJ ___ girl 1SG.INDP NEG like 2SG.INDP but 1PL can BE.LOC like friend
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Yeah, I told her “girl, I don’t love you but we can be like friends”.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The quotative marker the morpheme ___ ‘\textsc{quot}’ introduces the finite complement clauses of speech \REF{ex:key:1405}, cognition \REF{ex:key:1406}, and perception verbs \REF{ex:key:1407}. Complement clauses introduced by the morpheme ___ have independent time reference and are not reduced; they are finite and may occur with the full range of \textsc{TMA} marking as in the following examples:
A: word: económico	 gloss: economic
B: word: sén	 gloss: EMP
C: word: sé	 gloss: QUOT
D: word: llegue	 gloss: arrive:SBJV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C