cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 400:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Fít sifta ín sóté tú tɛ́n mék mék dán smɔ́l smɔ́l watá dɛn ___ lɛ́f.
Gloss (with missing item): can sieve 3SG.INDP until two time make SBJV that small small water PL ___ remain
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(You) can sift it up to two times to make none of that little water remain.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There are no restrictions on negation\is{negation} in causative constructions. The causative verb in the main clause \REF{ex:key:1327} as well as the verb of effect in the subordinate clause \REF{ex:key:1328} may be negated:
A: word: nóto	 gloss: NEG.FOC
B: word: fála	 gloss: accompany
C: word: nɛ́a	 gloss: NEG.PRF
D: word: nó	 gloss: NEG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 401:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Na ín ___ dɔtí dɔ́n plɛ́nte.
Gloss (with missing item): FOC 3SG.INDP ___ dirty PRF plenty
The English translation of this sentence is:‘That’s why the dirt has become so much.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Hence, the subordinate clauses in \REF{ex:key:1329} and \REF{ex:key:1330} feature regular TMA marking via dɔ́n ‘\textsc{prf}’ and de ‘\textsc{ipfv}’, respectively, instead of subjunctive marking. Nonetheless, even these idioms are occasionally conceived of as regular causative constructions with the reduced TMA marking characteristic of subjunctive subordinate clauses (cf. \ref{ex:key:1324} above):
A: word: híb	 gloss: throw
B: word: jám	 gloss: make.contact
C: word: mék	 gloss: make
D: word: mék=an	 gloss: make=3SG.OBJ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 402:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Na ín mék dɔtí ___ plɛ́nte.
Gloss (with missing item): FOC 3SG.INDP make dirty ___ plenty
The English translation of this sentence is:‘That’s why the dirt has become so much.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Hence, the subordinate clauses in \REF{ex:key:1329} and \REF{ex:key:1330} feature regular TMA marking via the morpheme ___ ‘\textsc{prf}’ and de ‘\textsc{ipfv}’, respectively, instead of subjunctive marking. Nonetheless, even these idioms are occasionally conceived of as regular causative constructions with the reduced TMA marking characteristic of subjunctive subordinate clauses (cf. \ref{ex:key:1324} above):
A: word: dɛn	 gloss: 3PL
B: word: nɛ́a	 gloss: NEG.PRF
C: word: dɔ́n	 gloss: PRF
D: word: sidɔ́n	 gloss: sit
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 403:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Wétin ___ yu nó de wók tidé?
Gloss (with missing item): what ___ 2SG NEG IPFV work today
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Why aren’t you working today?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Hence, the subordinate clauses in \REF{ex:key:1329} and \REF{ex:key:1330} feature regular TMA marking via dɔ́n ‘\textsc{prf}’ and de ‘\textsc{ipfv}’, respectively, instead of subjunctive marking. Nonetheless, even these idioms are occasionally conceived of as regular causative constructions with the reduced TMA marking characteristic of subjunctive subordinate clauses (cf. \ref{ex:key:1324} above):
A: word: krés	 gloss: drive.mad
B: word: mék=an	 gloss: make=3SG.OBJ
C: word: jám	 gloss: make.contact
D: word: mék	 gloss: make
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 404:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Wétin mék yu nó ___ wók tidé?
Gloss (with missing item): what make 2SG NEG ___ work today
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Why aren’t you working today?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Hence, the subordinate clauses in \REF{ex:key:1329} and \REF{ex:key:1330} feature regular TMA marking via dɔ́n ‘\textsc{prf}’ and the morpheme ___ ‘\textsc{ipfv}’, respectively, instead of subjunctive marking. Nonetheless, even these idioms are occasionally conceived of as regular causative constructions with the reduced TMA marking characteristic of subjunctive subordinate clauses (cf. \ref{ex:key:1324} above):
A: word: cuaderno	 gloss: exercise.book
B: word: mɛ́n=an	 gloss: care.for=3SG.OBJ
C: word: kúk	 gloss: cook
D: word: de	 gloss: IPFV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 405:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Na ín mék ___ mék dɛn wích=an.
Gloss (with missing item): FOC 3SG.INDP make ___ SBJV 3PL bewitch=3SG.OBJ
The English translation of this sentence is:‘That’s why he was bewitched.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Hence, the subordinate clauses in \REF{ex:key:1329} and \REF{ex:key:1330} feature regular TMA marking via dɔ́n ‘\textsc{prf}’ and de ‘\textsc{ipfv}’, respectively, instead of subjunctive marking. Nonetheless, even these idioms are occasionally conceived of as regular causative constructions with the reduced TMA marking characteristic of subjunctive subordinate clauses (cf. \ref{ex:key:1324} above):
A: word: sé	 gloss: QUOT
B: word: fɔdɔ́n	 gloss: fall
C: word: dáns	 gloss: dance
D: word: sén	 gloss: EMP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 406:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Na ín mék sé ___ dɛn wích=an.
Gloss (with missing item): FOC 3SG.INDP make QUOT ___ 3PL bewitch=3SG.OBJ
The English translation of this sentence is:‘That’s why he was bewitched.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Hence, the subordinate clauses in \REF{ex:key:1329} and \REF{ex:key:1330} feature regular TMA marking via dɔ́n ‘\textsc{prf}’ and de ‘\textsc{ipfv}’, respectively, instead of subjunctive marking. Nonetheless, even these idioms are occasionally conceived of as regular causative constructions with the reduced TMA marking characteristic of subjunctive subordinate clauses (cf. \ref{ex:key:1324} above):
A: word: gɔ́n	 gloss: gun
B: word: mék	 gloss: SBJV
C: word: mék=an	 gloss: make=3SG.OBJ
D: word: hángri	 gloss: hunger
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 407:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): \'{U}s=sáy yu ___ mék di smók kɔmɔ́t?
Gloss (with missing item): Q=side 2SG ___ SBJV DEF smoke come.out
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Where do you want the smoke to come out?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The subjunctive marker mék also introduces the complement clauses\is{complement clauses} of other main verbs, which – like the causative verb mék ‘make’ – induce deontic modality over their subordinate clauses. One such main verb is the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ \REF{ex:key:1331} (cf. \sectref{sec:10.5.5} for a full treatment of the functions of mék ‘\textsc{sbjv’} in subordinate clauses):
A: word: wánt	 gloss: want
B: word: chúk=an	 gloss: {stab=SG.OBJ}
C: word: quiero	 gloss: I.want
D: word: wántɛn	 gloss: suddenly
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 408:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): \'{U}s=sáy yu wánt ___ di smók kɔmɔ́t?
Gloss (with missing item): Q=side 2SG want ___ DEF smoke come.out
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Where do you want the smoke to come out?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The subjunctive marker the morpheme ___ also introduces the complement clauses\is{complement clauses} of other main verbs, which – like the causative verb the morpheme ___ ‘make’ – induce deontic modality over their subordinate clauses. One such main verb is wánt ‘want’ \REF{ex:key:1331} (cf. \sectref{sec:10.5.5} for a full treatment of the functions of the morpheme ___ ‘\textsc{sbjv’} in subordinate clauses):
A: word: bích	 gloss: beach
B: word: tít	 gloss: tooth
C: word: mék=an	 gloss: make=3SG.OBJ
D: word: mék	 gloss: SBJV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 409:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A níd fɔ drink sɔn tín wé de mék ___ a bɛ́lch
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ need PREP drink some thing SUB IPFV make ___ 1SG.SBJ belch
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I need to drink something that will make me belch.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Consider the following two permissives and compare them with a causative construction like \REF{ex:key:1323} above. In \REF{ex:key:1323}, the causative verb the morpheme ___ takes no object pronoun mí ‘\textsc{1sg.indp}’ that is co-referential with the subject a ‘\textsc{1sg.sbj’} of the subjunctive clause.
A: word: mék=an	 gloss: make=3SG.OBJ
B: word: nóto	 gloss: NEG.FOC
C: word: síng	 gloss: síng
D: word: mék	 gloss: SBJV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 410:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A níd fɔ drink sɔn tín wé de mék mék a ___
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ need PREP drink some thing SUB IPFV make SBJV 1SG.SBJ ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I need to drink something that will make me belch.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Consider the following two permissives and compare them with a causative construction like \REF{ex:key:1323} above. In \REF{ex:key:1323}, the causative verb mék takes no object pronoun mí ‘\textsc{1sg.indp}’ that is co-referential with the subject a ‘\textsc{1sg.sbj’} of the subjunctive clause.
A: word: ralla	 gloss: grate
B: word: bɛ́lch	 gloss: belch
C: word: lubá	 gloss: PLACE
D: word: bɛ́lps	 gloss: babe
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 411:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A níd fɔ drink sɔn tín wé de mék ___ a bɛ́lch
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ need PREP drink some thing SUB IPFV make ___ 1SG.SBJ belch
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I need to drink something that will make me belch.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Consider the following two permissives and compare them with a causative construction like \REF{ex:key:1323} above. In \REF{ex:key:1323}, the causative verb the morpheme ___ takes no object pronoun mí ‘\textsc{1sg.indp}’ that is co-referential with the subject a ‘\textsc{1sg.sbj’} of the subjunctive clause.
A: word: tín	 gloss: thing
B: word: mék=an	 gloss: make=3SG.OBJ
C: word: mék	 gloss: SBJV
D: word: ebanistas	 gloss: Carpenter.PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 412:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A níd fɔ drink sɔn tín wé de mék mék a ___
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ need PREP drink some thing SUB IPFV make SBJV 1SG.SBJ ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I need to drink something that will make me belch.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Consider the following two permissives and compare them with a causative construction like \REF{ex:key:1323} above. In \REF{ex:key:1323}, the causative verb mék takes no object pronoun mí ‘\textsc{1sg.indp}’ that is co-referential with the subject a ‘\textsc{1sg.sbj’} of the subjunctive clause.
A: word: ralla	 gloss: grate
B: word: bɛ́lch	 gloss: belch
C: word: bɛ́lps	 gloss: babe
D: word: dríng	 gloss: drink
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 413:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Dís húman ___ yét.
Gloss (with missing item): this woman ___ yet
The English translation of this sentence is:‘This woman is still young.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sentence \REF{ex:key:1334} features the property item the morpheme ___ ‘be young’. The resultative causative equivalent in \REF{ex:key:1335} features the causer e ‘\textsc{3sg.sbj}’ = ‘it’ (i.e. ‘the clothing’), the causee yú ‘\textsc{2sg.indp}’, which is an object to lɛ́f ‘leave’, as well as the resultative complement the morpheme ___ ‘young’. The verb lɛ́f in these constructions may either be used as an inchoative-stative verb, as in \REF{ex:key:1335}, or a dynamic verb, as in \REF{ex:key:1339} below, where lɛ́f is specified by de ‘\textsc{ipfv}’:
A: word: camerún	 gloss: PLACE
B: word: lɛ́f	 gloss: remain
C: word: muchachita	 gloss: young.girl
D: word: yún	 gloss: be.young
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 414:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E ___ yú yún.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ ___ 2SG.INDP be.young
The English translation of this sentence is:‘It makes/made you (appear) young.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sentence \REF{ex:key:1334} features the property item yún ‘be young’. The resultative causative equivalent in \REF{ex:key:1335} features the causer e ‘\textsc{3sg.sbj}’ = ‘it’ (i.e. ‘the clothing’), the causee yú ‘\textsc{2sg.indp}’, which is an object to the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’, as well as the resultative complement yún ‘young’. The verb the morpheme ___ in these constructions may either be used as an inchoative-stative verb, as in \REF{ex:key:1335}, or a dynamic verb, as in \REF{ex:key:1339} below, where the morpheme ___ is specified by de ‘\textsc{ipfv}’:
A: word: bitáwt	 gloss: without
B: word: lɛ́f=an	 gloss: leave=3SG.OBJ
C: word: lɛ́f	 gloss: leave
D: word: tumɔ́ro	 gloss: tomorrow
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 415:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E ___ yú yún.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ ___ 2SG.INDP be.young
The English translation of this sentence is:‘It makes/made you (appear) young.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sentence \REF{ex:key:1334} features the property item yún ‘be young’. The resultative causative equivalent in \REF{ex:key:1335} features the causer e ‘\textsc{3sg.sbj}’ = ‘it’ (i.e. ‘the clothing’), the causee yú ‘\textsc{2sg.indp}’, which is an object to the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’, as well as the resultative complement yún ‘young’. The verb the morpheme ___ in these constructions may either be used as an inchoative-stative verb, as in \REF{ex:key:1335}, or a dynamic verb, as in \REF{ex:key:1339} below, where the morpheme ___ is specified by de ‘\textsc{ipfv}’:
A: word: directo	 gloss: direct
B: word: lɛ́f=an	 gloss: leave=3SG.OBJ
C: word: fít	 gloss: can
D: word: lɛ́f	 gloss: leave
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 416:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Di klós dɛn de ___ yú yun-bɔ́y.
Gloss (with missing item): DEF clothing PL IPFV ___ 2SG.INDP be.young.CPD-boy
The English translation of this sentence is:‘These clothes make you (appear) a young man.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sentence \REF{ex:key:1334} features the property item yún ‘be young’. The resultative causative equivalent in \REF{ex:key:1335} features the causer e ‘\textsc{3sg.sbj}’ = ‘it’ (i.e. ‘the clothing’), the causee yú ‘\textsc{2sg.indp}’, which is an object to the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’, as well as the resultative complement yún ‘young’. The verb the morpheme ___ in these constructions may either be used as an inchoative-stative verb, as in \REF{ex:key:1335}, or a dynamic verb, as in \REF{ex:key:1339} below, where the morpheme ___ is specified by de ‘\textsc{ipfv}’:
A: word: chúk	 gloss: stab
B: word: pák	 gloss: pack
C: word: lɛ́f=an	 gloss: leave=3SG.OBJ
D: word: lɛ́f	 gloss: leave
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 417:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Gɔ́d go ___ di mán kɔrɛ́t.
Gloss (with missing item): God POT ___ DEF man be.correct
The English translation of this sentence is:‘God will make this man righteous.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{ex:key:1336} presents a non-causative predication involving the inchoative-stative property item kɔrɛ́t ‘be correct’. The resultative causative counterpart in \REF{ex:key:1337} features the force{\fff} causer{\fff} gɔ́d ‘God’, the causative verb the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’, and the resultative complement kɔrɛ́t ‘(be) correct’:
A: word: mɛ́mba	 gloss: think.of
B: word: ‘chíp’	 gloss: [SKT]
C: word: lɛ́f=an	 gloss: leave=3SG.OBJ
D: word: lɛ́f	 gloss: leave
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 418:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Di húman ___ yun-gɛ́l.
Gloss (with missing item): DEF woman ___ be.young.CDP-girl
The English translation of this sentence is:‘The woman is a young woman.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sentence \REF{ex:key:1338} is an equative clause{\fff} featuring the identity copula/focus marker the morpheme ___ ‘\textsc{foc}’. The causative equivalent in \REF{ex:key:1339} once more features the resultative causative verb lɛ́f, as well as the compound noun and resultative complement yun-bɔ́y ‘young.\textsc{cpd}-boy’:
A: word: bitáwt	 gloss: without
B: word: nóto	 gloss: NEG.FOC
C: word: djunais	 gloss: NAME
D: word: na	 gloss: FOC
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D