cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 111:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E ___ di hós blák.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ ___ DEF house be.black
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He painted the house black.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: For instance, in the following two examples, the property items fáyn ‘(be) fine’ and blák ‘(be) black’ are employed as secondary predicates\is{secondary predicates}. Sentence \REF{ex:key:1123} features a resultative causative construction, \is{resultative constructions}and \REF{ex:key:1124} involves a resultant state resultative construction:
A: word: pént	 gloss: paint
B: word: tɔ́sti	 gloss: thirst
C: word: colór	 gloss: colour
D: word: pén	 gloss: pain
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 112:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Wé di mamá dáy, na ín ___ di pikín.
Gloss (with missing item): SUB DEF mother die FOC 3SG.INDP ___ DEF child
The English translation of this sentence is:‘When the mother died, that’s what drove the child mad.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Consider the use of the group (b) dynamic experiential verb the morpheme ___ ‘be crazy, drive crazy’ in the following intransitive \REF{ex:key:1126} and transitive \REF{ex:key:1127} clauses respectively:
A: word: interés	 gloss: interest
B: word: drɛ́b	 gloss: drive
C: word: wet	 gloss: with
D: word: krés	 gloss: drive.mad
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 113:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Wé di mamá dáy, na ín krés ___ pikín.
Gloss (with missing item): SUB DEF mother die FOC 3SG.INDP drive.mad ___ child
The English translation of this sentence is:‘When the mother died, that’s what drove the child mad.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Consider the use of the group (b) dynamic experiential verb krés ‘be crazy, drive crazy’ in the following intransitive \REF{ex:key:1126} and transitive \REF{ex:key:1127} clauses respectively:
A: word: placenta	 gloss: placenta
B: word: di	 gloss: DEF
C: word: hát	 gloss: heart
D: word: directo	 gloss: direct
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 114:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E ___ háyd fɔr=an.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ ___ hide PREP=3SG.OBJ
The English translation of this sentence is:‘She’s hiding from him.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The following two sentences illustrate the use of the group (a) body movement verb háyd ‘hithe morpheme ___, conceal’. In both the intransitive \REF{ex:key:1128} and transitive \REF{ex:key:1129} clauses the imperfective marker the morpheme ___ ‘\textsc{ipfv}’ is present, so experiential verbs do not exhibit the stativity alternation that characterises the other semantic classes covered so far:
A: word: krés	 gloss: drive.mad
B: word: de	 gloss: IPFV
C: word: cuaderno	 gloss: exercise.book
D: word: torí	 gloss: story
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 115:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E de ___ fɔr=an.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ IPFV ___ PREP=3SG.OBJ
The English translation of this sentence is:‘She’s hiding from him.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The following two sentences illustrate the use of the group (a) body movement verb the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___, conceal’. In both the intransitive \REF{ex:key:1128} and transitive \REF{ex:key:1129} clauses the imperfective marker de ‘\textsc{ipfv}’ is present, so experiential verbs do not exhibit the stativity alternation that characterises the other semantic classes covered so far:
A: word: chák	 gloss: get.drunk
B: word: báy=an	 gloss: buy=3SG.OBJ
C: word: háyd	 gloss: hide
D: word: kɔ́ba	 gloss: cover
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 116:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E ___ háyd=an.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ ___ hide=3SG.SBJ
The English translation of this sentence is:‘It [the bag] is concealing it [the telephone].’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The following two sentences illustrate the use of the group (a) body movement verb háyd ‘hithe morpheme ___, conceal’. In both the intransitive \REF{ex:key:1128} and transitive \REF{ex:key:1129} clauses the imperfective marker the morpheme ___ ‘\textsc{ipfv}’ is present, so experiential verbs do not exhibit the stativity alternation that characterises the other semantic classes covered so far:
A: word: polvo	 gloss: powder
B: word: de	 gloss: IPFV
C: word: cuaderno	 gloss: exercise.book
D: word: gɛ́t=an	 gloss: get=3SG.OBJ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 117:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ dé sé, yu sabí sé yá só sɔn wích dé nɔ́.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ BE.LOC QUOT 2SG know QUOT here like.that some sorcerer BE.LOC INTJ
The English translation of this sentence is:‘It is that, you know that here there are sorcerers, right.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sthe morpheme ___ntthe morpheme ___ncthe morpheme ___ \REF{the morpheme ___x:kthe morpheme ___y:1133} illustratthe morpheme ___s ththe morpheme ___ the morpheme ___xplthe morpheme ___tivthe morpheme ___ usthe morpheme ___ of ththe morpheme ___ locativthe morpheme ___-the morpheme ___xistthe morpheme ___ntial copula\is{copula!locativthe morpheme ___-the morpheme ___xistthe morpheme ___ntial} dé in ththe morpheme ___ factivthe morpheme ___ clausthe morpheme ___ the morpheme ___ dé sé ‘it’s that’. Ththe morpheme ___ sthe morpheme ___cond occurrthe morpheme ___ncthe morpheme ___ of dé also shows that whthe morpheme ___n ththe morpheme ___ copula dé functions as ththe morpheme ___ prthe morpheme ___dicatthe morpheme ___ of an the morpheme ___xistthe morpheme ___ntial clausthe morpheme ___, ththe morpheme ___ the morpheme ___xisting the morpheme ___ntity (i.the morpheme ___. sɔn wích ‘(somthe morpheme ___) witchthe morpheme ___s’) must bthe morpheme ___ the morpheme ___xprthe morpheme ___ssthe morpheme ___d as ththe morpheme ___ subjthe morpheme ___ct of ththe morpheme ___ clausthe morpheme ___. Hthe morpheme ___ncthe morpheme ___, the morpheme ___xistthe morpheme ___ntial clausthe morpheme ___s fthe morpheme ___aturing dé havthe morpheme ___ no the morpheme ___xplthe morpheme ___tivthe morpheme ___ subjthe morpheme ___cts:
A: word: sigue	 gloss: follow
B: word: receta	 gloss: prescription
C: word: dɛn-ɔl-tú	 gloss: 3PL.CPD-all.CPD-two
D: word: e	 gloss: 3SG.SBJ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 118:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E ___ sé, yu sabí sé yá só sɔn wích dé nɔ́.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ ___ QUOT 2SG know QUOT here like.that some sorcerer BE.LOC INTJ
The English translation of this sentence is:‘It is that, you know that here there are sorcerers, right.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sentence \REF{ex:key:1133} illustrates the expletive use of the locative-existential copula\is{copula!locative-existential} the morpheme ___ in the factive clause e the morpheme ___ sé ‘it’s that’. The second occurrence of the morpheme ___ also shows that when the copula the morpheme ___ functions as the predicate of an existential clause, the existing entity (i.e. sɔn wích ‘(some) witches’) must be expressed as the subject of the clause. Hence, existential clauses featuring the morpheme ___ have no expletive subjects:
A: word: ser	 gloss: be
B: word: dé	 gloss: BE.LOC
C: word: kúk	 gloss: cook
D: word: dé”	 gloss: BE.LOC
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 119:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E dé ___ yu sabí sé yá só sɔn wích dé nɔ́.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ BE.LOC ___ 2SG know QUOT here like.that some sorcerer BE.LOC INTJ
The English translation of this sentence is:‘It is that, you know that here there are sorcerers, right.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sentence \REF{ex:key:1133} illustrates the expletive use of the locative-existential copula\is{copula!locative-existential} dé in the factive clause e dé the morpheme ___ ‘it’s that’. The second occurrence of dé also shows that when the copula dé functions as the predicate of an existential clause, the existing entity (i.e. sɔn wích ‘(some) witches’) must be expressed as the subject of the clause. Hence, existential clauses featuring dé have no expletive subjects:
A: word: sé	 gloss: QUOT
B: word: motó	 gloss: car
C: word: swɛ́t	 gloss: sweat
D: word: sén	 gloss: EMP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 120:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E dé sé, yu sabí sé yá só ___ wích dé nɔ́.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ BE.LOC QUOT 2SG know QUOT here like.that ___ sorcerer BE.LOC INTJ
The English translation of this sentence is:‘It is that, you know that here there are sorcerers, right.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sentence \REF{ex:key:1133} illustrates the expletive use of the locative-existential copula\is{copula!locative-existential} dé in the factive clause e dé sé ‘it’s that’. The second occurrence of dé also shows that when the copula dé functions as the predicate of an existential clause, the existing entity (i.e. the morpheme ___ wích ‘(its gloss ___) witches’) must be expressed as the subject of the clause. Hence, existential clauses featuring dé have no expletive subjects:
A: word: sɔn	 gloss: some
B: word: wán	 gloss: one
C: word: beca	 gloss: scholarship
D: word: sɔntɛ́n	 gloss: perhaps
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 121:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E dé sé, yu sabí sé yá só sɔn ___ dé nɔ́.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ BE.LOC QUOT 2SG know QUOT here like.that some ___ BE.LOC INTJ
The English translation of this sentence is:‘It is that, you know that here there are sorcerers, right.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sentence \REF{ex:key:1133} illustrates the expletive use of the locative-existential copula\is{copula!locative-existential} dé in the factive clause e dé sé ‘it’s that’. The second occurrence of dé also shows that when the copula dé functions as the predicate of an existential clause, the existing entity (i.e. sɔn the morpheme ___ ‘(some) witches’) must be expressed as the subject of the clause. Hence, existential clauses featuring dé have no expletive subjects:
A: word: dɛ́bul	 gloss: devil
B: word: rích	 gloss: reach
C: word: sús	 gloss: shoe
D: word: wích	 gloss: sorcerer
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 122:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E dé sé, yu sabí sé yá só sɔn wích ___ nɔ́.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ BE.LOC QUOT 2SG know QUOT here like.that some sorcerer ___ INTJ
The English translation of this sentence is:‘It is that, you know that here there are sorcerers, right.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sentence \REF{ex:key:1133} illustrates the expletive use of the locative-existential copula\is{copula!locative-existential} the morpheme ___ in the factive clause e the morpheme ___ sé ‘it’s that’. The second occurrence of the morpheme ___ also shows that when the copula the morpheme ___ functions as the predicate of an existential clause, the existing entity (i.e. sɔn wích ‘(some) witches’) must be expressed as the subject of the clause. Hence, existential clauses featuring the morpheme ___ have no expletive subjects:
A: word: dé”	 gloss: BE.LOC
B: word: dé	 gloss: BE.LOC
C: word: ser	 gloss: be
D: word: dríng	 gloss: drink
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 123:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ fít bí sé na paludismo.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ can BE QUOT FOC malaria
The English translation of this sentence is:‘It could be that it’s malaria.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Ththe morpheme ___rthe morpheme ___ is no diffthe morpheme ___rthe morpheme ___ncthe morpheme ___ in mthe morpheme ___aning bthe morpheme ___twthe morpheme ___the morpheme ___n ththe morpheme ___ usthe morpheme ___ of dé \tthe morpheme ___xtsc{‘bthe morpheme ___.loc’} and ththe morpheme ___ idthe morpheme ___ntity copulas bí and na/nóto in factivthe morpheme ___ clausthe morpheme ___s likthe morpheme ___ ththe morpheme ___ following two. Howthe morpheme ___vthe morpheme ___r, contrary to oththe morpheme ___r the morpheme ___lthe morpheme ___mthe morpheme ___nts with the morpheme ___xplthe morpheme ___tivthe morpheme ___ subjthe morpheme ___cts, na\tthe morpheme ___xtit{\tthe morpheme ___xtup{/}}nóto may nthe morpheme ___vthe morpheme ___r occur with ththe morpheme ___ dummy\is{dummy nouns} subjthe morpheme ___ct the morpheme ___ ‘\tthe morpheme ___xtsc{3sg.sbj}’ in factivthe morpheme ___ clausthe morpheme ___s, nor bthe morpheme ___ prthe morpheme ___cthe morpheme ___dthe morpheme ___d by an the morpheme ___mphatic pronoun as is ththe morpheme ___ casthe morpheme ___ in the morpheme ___quativthe morpheme ___ clausthe morpheme ___s\is{the morpheme ___quativthe morpheme ___ clausthe morpheme ___s} (cf. \sthe morpheme ___ctrthe morpheme ___f{sthe morpheme ___c:7.6.1}). This is so bthe morpheme ___causthe morpheme ___ ththe morpheme ___ focus markthe morpheme ___rs/idthe morpheme ___ntity copulas na\tthe morpheme ___xtit{\tthe morpheme ___xtup{/}}nóto incorporatthe morpheme ___ \tthe morpheme ___xtsc{3sg} rthe morpheme ___fthe morpheme ___rthe morpheme ___ncthe morpheme ___ (cf. \sthe morpheme ___ctrthe morpheme ___f{sthe morpheme ___c:7.6.1}). Ththe morpheme ___ idthe morpheme ___ntity copula bí may also appthe morpheme ___ar with an the morpheme ___xplthe morpheme ___tivthe morpheme ___ subjthe morpheme ___ct in factivthe morpheme ___ clausthe morpheme ___s in ththe morpheme ___ placthe morpheme ___ of dé ‘\tthe morpheme ___xtsc{bthe morpheme ___.loc}’ \REF{the morpheme ___x:kthe morpheme ___y:1134}:
A: word: sigue	 gloss: follow
B: word: bɔ́y	 gloss: boy
C: word: mɔ́ch	 gloss: much
D: word: e	 gloss: 3SG.SBJ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 124:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E ___ bí sé na paludismo.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ ___ BE QUOT FOC malaria
The English translation of this sentence is:‘It could be that it’s malaria.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There is no difference in meaning between the use of dé \textsc{‘be.loc’} and the identity copulas bí and na/nóto in factive clauses like the following two. However, contrary to other elements with expletive subjects, na\textit{\textup{/}}nóto may never occur with the dummy\is{dummy nouns} subject e ‘\textsc{3sg.sbj}’ in factive clauses, nor be preceded by an emphatic pronoun as is the case in equative clauses\is{equative clauses} (cf. \sectref{sec:7.6.1}). This is so because the focus markers/identity copulas na\textit{\textup{/}}nóto incorporate \textsc{3sg} reference (cf. \sectref{sec:7.6.1}). The identity copula bí may also appear with an expletive subject in factive clauses in the place of dé ‘\textsc{be.loc}’ \REF{ex:key:1134}:
A: word: fít	 gloss: can
B: word: snék	 gloss: snake
C: word: fía	 gloss: fear
D: word: ¡haga	 gloss: do
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 125:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E fít ___ sé na paludismo.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ can ___ QUOT FOC malaria
The English translation of this sentence is:‘It could be that it’s malaria.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There is no difference in meaning between the use of dé \textsc{‘be.loc’} and the identity copulas the morpheme ___ and na/nóto in factive clauses like the following two. However, contrary to other elements with expletive subjects, na\textit{\textup{/}}nóto may never occur with the dummy\is{dummy nouns} subject e ‘\textsc{3sg.sbj}’ in factive clauses, nor be preceded by an emphatic pronoun as is the case in equative clauses\is{equative clauses} (cf. \sectref{sec:7.6.1}). This is so because the focus markers/identity copulas na\textit{\textup{/}}nóto incorporate \textsc{3sg} reference (cf. \sectref{sec:7.6.1}). The identity copula the morpheme ___ may also appear with an expletive subject in factive clauses in the place of dé ‘\textsc{be.loc}’ \REF{ex:key:1134}:
A: word: kapú	 gloss: fight.over
B: word: bí	 gloss: BE
C: word: sidɔ́n	 gloss: sit
D: word: bíl	 gloss: build
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 126:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ kán bí sé mi abuela, wé a bin smɔ́l, e gó ríba (...)
Gloss (with missing item): ___ PFV BE QUOT 1SG.POSS grandmother SUB 1SG.SBJ PST BE.small 3SG.SBJ go river (...)
The English translation of this sentence is:‘It came to pass that my grandmother, when I was small, she went to the river (...)’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In ththe morpheme ___sthe morpheme ___ functions, bí and dé arthe morpheme ___ also usthe morpheme ___d as introductory formulas of narrativthe morpheme ___s with ththe morpheme ___ mthe morpheme ___aning ‘it camthe morpheme ___ to pass that’ \REF{the morpheme ___x:kthe morpheme ___y:1135}:
A: word: sigue	 gloss: follow
B: word: tót=an	 gloss: carry=3SG.OBJ
C: word: e	 gloss: 3SG.SBJ
D: word: húman	 gloss: woman
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C