cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 183:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ɛf e nó bin gó lás ___ e bin fɔ dé wet wí na yá só.
Gloss (with missing item): if 3SG.SBJ NEG PST go last ___ 3SG.SBJ PST COND BE.LOC with 1PL.INDP LOC here like.that
The English translation of this sentence is:‘If she hadn’t gone last year, she’d be with us right here.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The quantifier lás ‘last’ mirrors the time reference of nɛ́ks ‘next’. Lás ‘last’ pushes a reference point into the past by one unit from event time as in (\ref{ex:key:1015}–\ref{ex:key:1016}). Note the presence of the definite article di ‘\textsc{def}’ in \REF{ex:key:1015}: {\fff}
A: word: chía	 gloss: chair
B: word: lɛ́f	 gloss: remain
C: word: hía	 gloss: year
D: word: sidɔ́n	 gloss: sit
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 184:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Boyé kɔmɔ́t na tɔ́n ___ lás mún.
Gloss (with missing item): NAME go.out LOC town ___ last month
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Boyé left town last month.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The quantifier lás ‘last’ mirrors the time reference of nɛ́ks ‘next’. Lás ‘last’ pushes a reference point into the past by one unit from event time as in (\ref{ex:key:1015}–\ref{ex:key:1016}). Note the presence of the definite article the morpheme ___ ‘\textsc{def}’ in \REF{ex:key:1015}: {\fff}
A: word: directo	 gloss: direct
B: word: jakató	 gloss: bitter.tomato
C: word: di	 gloss: DEF
D: word: jám	 gloss: make.contact
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 185:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Boyé kɔmɔ́t na tɔ́n di ___ mún.
Gloss (with missing item): NAME go.out LOC town DEF ___ month
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Boyé left town last month.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The quantifier the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ mirrors the time reference of nɛ́ks ‘next’. Lás ‘its gloss ___’ pushes a reference point into the past by one unit from event time as in (\ref{ex:key:1015}–\ref{ex:key:1016}). Note the presence of the definite article di ‘\textsc{def}’ in \REF{ex:key:1015}: {\fff}
A: word: glás	 gloss: glass
B: word: lás	 gloss: last
C: word: kasára	 gloss: cassava
D: word: cable	 gloss: cable
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 186:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ a chakrá mi sɛ́ns.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 1SG.SBJ destroy 1SG.POSS brain
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Last night, I drank myself senseless.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The collocation the morpheme ___ ‘last night’ is a compound \REF{ex:key:1018}. The lexicalisation of this collocation distinguishes it from other time expressions featuring lás ‘last’ (cf. e.g. lás hía ‘last year’ in \ref{ex:key:1016}), which are not usually subjected to the tonal derivation characteristic of compounding{\fff}:
A: word: síks	 gloss: six
B: word: las-nɛ́t	 gloss: last.CPD-night
C: word: nɛ́t	 gloss: night
D: word: wach-mán	 gloss: watch.CPD-man
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 187:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ɛf e nó bin gó ___ hía, e bin fɔ dé wet wí na yá só.
Gloss (with missing item): if 3SG.SBJ NEG PST go ___ year 3SG.SBJ PST COND BE.LOC with 1PL.INDP LOC here like.that
The English translation of this sentence is:‘If she hadn’t gone last year, she’d be with us right here.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The collocation las-nɛ́t ‘its gloss ___ night’ is a compound \REF{ex:key:1018}. The lexicalisation of this collocation distinguishes it from other time expressions featuring the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ (cf. e.g. the morpheme ___ hía ‘its gloss ___ year’ in \ref{ex:key:1016}), which are not usually subjected to the tonal derivation characteristic of compounding{\fff}:
A: word: lás	 gloss: last
B: word: krás	 gloss: crash
C: word: bifó	 gloss: before
D: word: glás	 gloss: glass
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 188:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ɛf e nó bin gó lás ___ e bin fɔ dé wet wí na yá só.
Gloss (with missing item): if 3SG.SBJ NEG PST go last ___ 3SG.SBJ PST COND BE.LOC with 1PL.INDP LOC here like.that
The English translation of this sentence is:‘If she hadn’t gone last year, she’d be with us right here.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The collocation las-nɛ́t ‘last night’ is a compound \REF{ex:key:1018}. The lexicalisation of this collocation distinguishes it from other time expressions featuring lás ‘last’ (cf. e.g. lás the morpheme ___ ‘last its gloss ___’ in \ref{ex:key:1016}), which are not usually subjected to the tonal derivation characteristic of compounding{\fff}:
A: word: trɔ́bul	 gloss: trouble
B: word: tɛ́n	 gloss: time
C: word: chía	 gloss: chair
D: word: hía	 gloss: year
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 189:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A de wét sé mék a gó ___ tú dé.
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ IPFV wait QUOT SBJV 1SG.SBJ go ___ two day
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I’m hóping to go in two days.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Spatial expressions are, however, used to encode temporal relations if the temporal expression in the clause is not inherently time deictic. This may apply to temporal location as in \REF{ex:key:1019}, where the locative noun the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ fulfills this function.
A: word: tres	 gloss: three
B: word: ínsay	 gloss: inside
C: word: pát	 gloss: part
D: word: ánsa	 gloss: answer
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 190:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A de wét sé mék a gó ínsay ___ dé.
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ IPFV wait QUOT SBJV 1SG.SBJ go inside ___ day
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I’m hóping to go in two days.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Spatial expressions are, however, used to encode temporal relations if the temporal expression in the clause is not inherently time deictic. This may apply to temporal location as in \REF{ex:key:1019}, where the locative noun ínsay ‘inside’ fulfills this function.
A: word: sɛkɔ́n	 gloss: second
B: word: nɔmba-tú	 gloss: number.CPD-two
C: word: dás	 gloss: give.as.present
D: word: tú	 gloss: two
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 191:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Bɔ́y dɛn dé dé, ___ tɛ́n sán tɛ́n na nɛ́t, na Píchi dɛn de tɔ́k Píchi.
Gloss (with missing item): boy PL BE.LOC there ___ time sun time LOC night FOC Pichi 3PL IPFV talk Pichi
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(The) guys are there, in the morning, at day time, at night, it’s only Pichi that they talk.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Neither the associative preposition{\fff} fɔ ‘\textsc{prep}’, nor the general locative preposition{\fff} na ‘\textsc{loc}’ are generally employed to mark adverbial phrases with a location-in-time sense. An exception in the data is the presence of na ‘\textsc{loc}’ in the lexicalised collocation na nɛ́t ‘at night’{\fff}. All other standard periods of the day are expressed through associative constructions featuring the generic noun{\fff} tɛ́n ‘time’ \REF{ex:key:1020}. In view of the limited number of tɛ́n ‘time’ collocations in Pichi and their often idiosyncratic meanings (cf. \ref{ex:key:103}), even these expressions may be seen as lexicalised structures:{\fff}
A: word: tidé	 gloss: today
B: word: mɔ́nin’	 gloss: morning
C: word: mɔ́nin	 gloss: morning
D: word: líng	 gloss: lean
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 192:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Bɔ́y dɛn dé dé, mɔ́nin ___ sán tɛ́n na nɛ́t, na Píchi dɛn de tɔ́k Píchi.
Gloss (with missing item): boy PL BE.LOC there morning ___ sun time LOC night FOC Pichi 3PL IPFV talk Pichi
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(The) guys are there, in the morning, at day time, at night, it’s only Pichi that they talk.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Neither the associative preposition{\fff} fɔ ‘\textsc{prep}’, nor the general locative preposition{\fff} na ‘\textsc{loc}’ are generally employed to mark adverbial phrases with a location-in-its gloss ___ sense. An exception in the data is the presence of na ‘\textsc{loc}’ in the lexicalised collocation na nɛ́t ‘at night’{\fff}. All other standard periods of the day are expressed through associative constructions featuring the generic noun{\fff} the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ \REF{ex:key:1020}. In view of the limited number of the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ collocations in Pichi and their often idiosyncratic meanings (cf. \ref{ex:key:103}), even these expressions may be seen as lexicalised structures:{\fff}
A: word: sɔntɛ́n	 gloss: perhaps
B: word: tumɔ́ro	 gloss: tomorrow
C: word: veces	 gloss: time.PL
D: word: tɛ́n	 gloss: time
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 193:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Bɔ́y dɛn dé dé, mɔ́nin tɛ́n ___ tɛ́n na nɛ́t, na Píchi dɛn de tɔ́k Píchi.
Gloss (with missing item): boy PL BE.LOC there morning time ___ time LOC night FOC Pichi 3PL IPFV talk Pichi
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(The) guys are there, in the morning, at day time, at night, it’s only Pichi that they talk.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Neither the associative preposition{\fff} fɔ ‘\textsc{prep}’, nor the general locative preposition{\fff} na ‘\textsc{loc}’ are generally employed to mark adverbial phrases with a location-in-time sense. An exception in the data is the presence of na ‘\textsc{loc}’ in the lexicalised collocation na nɛ́t ‘at night’{\fff}. All other standard periods of the day are expressed through associative constructions featuring the generic noun{\fff} tɛ́n ‘time’ \REF{ex:key:1020}. In view of the limited number of tɛ́n ‘time’ collocations in Pichi and their often idiosyncratic meanings (cf. \ref{ex:key:103}), even these expressions may be seen as lexicalised structures:{\fff}
A: word: sán	 gloss: sun
B: word: wánt	 gloss: want
C: word: ívin	 gloss: evening
D: word: bifó	 gloss: before
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 194:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Bɔ́y dɛn dé dé, mɔ́nin tɛ́n sán ___ na nɛ́t, na Píchi dɛn de tɔ́k Píchi.
Gloss (with missing item): boy PL BE.LOC there morning time sun ___ LOC night FOC Pichi 3PL IPFV talk Pichi
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(The) guys are there, in the morning, at day time, at night, it’s only Pichi that they talk.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Neither the associative preposition{\fff} fɔ ‘\textsc{prep}’, nor the general locative preposition{\fff} na ‘\textsc{loc}’ are generally employed to mark adverbial phrases with a location-in-its gloss ___ sense. An exception in the data is the presence of na ‘\textsc{loc}’ in the lexicalised collocation na nɛ́t ‘at night’{\fff}. All other standard periods of the day are expressed through associative constructions featuring the generic noun{\fff} the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ \REF{ex:key:1020}. In view of the limited number of the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ collocations in Pichi and their often idiosyncratic meanings (cf. \ref{ex:key:103}), even these expressions may be seen as lexicalised structures:{\fff}
A: word: veces	 gloss: time.PL
B: word: tɛ́n	 gloss: time
C: word: kasára	 gloss: cassava
D: word: sɔntɛ́n	 gloss: perhaps
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 195:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Bɔ́y dɛn dé dé, mɔ́nin tɛ́n sán tɛ́n ___ nɛ́t, na Píchi dɛn de tɔ́k Píchi.
Gloss (with missing item): boy PL BE.LOC there morning time sun time ___ night FOC Pichi 3PL IPFV talk Pichi
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(The) guys are there, in the morning, at day time, at night, it’s only Pichi that they talk.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Neither the associative preposition{\fff} fɔ ‘\textsc{prep}’, nor the general locative preposition{\fff} the morpheme ___ ‘\textsc{loc}’ are generally employed to mark adverbial phrases with a location-in-time sense. An exception in the data is the presence of the morpheme ___ ‘\textsc{loc}’ in the lexicalised collocation the morpheme ___ nɛ́t ‘at night’{\fff}. All other standard periods of the day are expressed through associative constructions featuring the generic noun{\fff} tɛ́n ‘time’ \REF{ex:key:1020}. In view of the limited number of tɛ́n ‘time’ collocations in Pichi and their often idiosyncratic meanings (cf. \ref{ex:key:103}), even these expressions may be seen as lexicalised structures:{\fff}
A: word: dɛ́n	 gloss: 3PL.INDP
B: word: na	 gloss: LOC
C: word: lás	 gloss: be.last
D: word: djunais	 gloss: NAME
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 196:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Bɔ́y dɛn dé dé, mɔ́nin tɛ́n sán tɛ́n na ___ na Píchi dɛn de tɔ́k Píchi.
Gloss (with missing item): boy PL BE.LOC there morning time sun time LOC ___ FOC Pichi 3PL IPFV talk Pichi
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(The) guys are there, in the morning, at day time, at night, it’s only Pichi that they talk.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Neither the associative preposition{\fff} fɔ ‘\textsc{prep}’, nor the general locative preposition{\fff} na ‘\textsc{loc}’ are generally employed to mark adverbial phrases with a location-in-time sense. An exception in the data is the presence of na ‘\textsc{loc}’ in the lexicalised collocation na the morpheme ___ ‘at its gloss ___’{\fff}. All other standard periods of the day are expressed through associative constructions featuring the generic noun{\fff} tɛ́n ‘time’ \REF{ex:key:1020}. In view of the limited number of tɛ́n ‘time’ collocations in Pichi and their often idiosyncratic meanings (cf. \ref{ex:key:103}), even these expressions may be seen as lexicalised structures:{\fff}
A: word: las-nɛ́t	 gloss: last.CPD-night
B: word: kɛ́r	 gloss: take
C: word: ívin	 gloss: evening
D: word: nɛ́t	 gloss: night
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 197:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Kofí bin dé yá só ___ lás hía.
Gloss (with missing item): NAME PST BE.LOC here like.that ___ last year
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Kofi was here before last year [the year before last].’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The extension of spatial notions into the temporal domain is also reflected in the means employed to encode the temporal relation of anteriority by means of the locative noun the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’. In contrast to ápás ‘after’, which may express anteriority or posteriority, the use of the morpheme ___ in \REF{ex:key:1021} incorporates an “intrinsic” (\citealt[221]{BenderBannardo2005}) temporal perspective. The intrinsic beginning or end of the time unit itself provides the temporal reference point. Contrary to the “reflection” perspective inherent to ápás ‘after’ \REF{ex:key:1022}, a relational linkage with the vantage point of the speaker is not expressed:
A: word: bifó	 gloss: before
B: word: ɛ́ni	 gloss: every
C: word: áfta	 gloss: then
D: word: bigín	 gloss: begin
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 198:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Dɛn go tɔ́n bák ___ di nɛ́ks wík.
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL POT turn back ___ DEF next week
The English translation of this sentence is:‘They’ll return the week after next [in two weeks].’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The extension of spatial notions into the temporal domain is also reflected in the means employed to encode the temporal relation of anteriority by means of the locative noun bifó ‘before’. In contrast to the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’, which may express anteriority or posteriority, the use of bifó in \REF{ex:key:1021} incorporates an “intrinsic” (\citealt[221]{BenderBannardo2005}) temporal perspective. The intrinsic beginning or end of the time unit itself provides the temporal reference point. Contrary to the “reflection” perspective inherent to the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ \REF{ex:key:1022}, a relational linkage with the vantage point of the speaker is not expressed:
A: word: áfta	 gloss: then
B: word: malábo	 gloss: Malabo
C: word: ápás	 gloss: after
D: word: pás	 gloss: pass
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 199:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): (...) pero di fíba bin ___ wán dé dásɔl.
Gloss (with missing item): (...) but DEF fever PST ___ one day only
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(...) but the fever only lasted for a day.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: An equally common way of expressing duration for a specified period is by means of the verb the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___, take, last’. The “figure” enduring in time is expressed as the subject of the clause and may be inanimate \REF{ex:key:1024} or animate \REF{ex:key:1025}, while the specified time period is the object of the morpheme ___:
A: word: kɛ́r=an	 gloss: carry=3SG.OBJ
B: word: kɛ́r	 gloss: carry
C: word: bríng	 gloss: bring
D: word: klém	 gloss: climb
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B