cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 44:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Nit na in éks dɛn wé e kin ___ pút.
Gloss (with missing item): nit FOC 3SG.POSS egg PL SUB 3SG.SBJ HAB ___ put
The English translation of this sentence is:‘The nits are the eggs that it lays.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \REF{ex:key:343}
A: word: de	 gloss: IPFV
B: word: kéch	 gloss: catch
C: word: guineano	 gloss: Guinean
D: word: cuaderno	 gloss: exercise.book
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 45:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Wé e ___ dɔ́n de gó, e tɛ́l mí sé di tín wé e fít gí mi, e wánt lɛ́f mi sɔn ríng.
Gloss (with missing item): SUB 3SG.SBJ ___ PRF IPFV go 3SG.SBJ tell 1SG.INDP QUOT DEF thing SUB 3SG.SBJ can give 1SG.INDP 3SG.SBJ want leave 1SG.INDP some ring
The English translation of this sentence is:‘When he was just about to go, he told me that the thing he could give me, he wanted to leave me a ring.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In the corpus, the maximal number of TMA markers encountered in one clause is three (e.g. \ref{ex:key:402}). The markers the morpheme ___ ‘\textsc{pst}’, go ‘\textsc{pot}’, and kin ‘\textsc{hab’} are mutually exclusive. The imperfective marker de has the widest distribution and co-occurs with all markers except fɔ ‘\textsc{cond’}. In contrast, the narrative perfective marker kán has a far more restricted distribution. It only co-occurs with the morpheme ___ ‘\textsc{pst’}, and it does so only in two instances in the corpus. Iterative aspect, expressed by reduplication, is most compatible with the imperfective senses expressed by de ‘\textsc{ipfv’} and kin ‘\textsc{hab’}, but it is also compatible with the tense/mood markers the morpheme ___ ‘\textsc{pst’} and gó ‘\textsc{pot’}. The imperfective aspect harmonises with the habitual aspect. When de ‘\textsc{ipfv}’ and kin ‘\textsc{hab}’ co-occur, there is no additional composite sense. The co-occurrence of subjunctive mék ‘\textsc{sbjv’} and imperfective de ‘\textsc{ipfv’} is very rare in the corpus.
A: word: bin	 gloss: PST
B: word: íbin	 gloss: evening
C: word: camiseta	 gloss: singlet
D: word: bubɛ	 gloss: Bube
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 46:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Wé e bin ___ de gó, e tɛ́l mí sé di tín wé e fít gí mi, e wánt lɛ́f mi sɔn ríng.
Gloss (with missing item): SUB 3SG.SBJ PST ___ IPFV go 3SG.SBJ tell 1SG.INDP QUOT DEF thing SUB 3SG.SBJ can give 1SG.INDP 3SG.SBJ want leave 1SG.INDP some ring
The English translation of this sentence is:‘When he was just about to go, he told me that the thing he could give me, he wanted to leave me a ring.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In the corpus, the maximal number of TMA markers encountered in one clause is three (e.g. \ref{ex:key:402}). The markers bin ‘\textsc{pst}’, go ‘\textsc{pot}’, and kin ‘\textsc{hab’} are mutually exclusive. The imperfective marker de has the widest distribution and co-occurs with all markers except fɔ ‘\textsc{cond’}. In contrast, the narrative perfective marker kán has a far more restricted distribution. It only co-occurs with bin ‘\textsc{pst’}, and it does so only in two instances in the corpus. Iterative aspect, expressed by reduplication, is most compatible with the imperfective senses expressed by de ‘\textsc{ipfv’} and kin ‘\textsc{hab’}, but it is also compatible with the tense/mood markers bin ‘\textsc{pst’} and gó ‘\textsc{pot’}. The imperfective aspect harmonises with the habitual aspect. When de ‘\textsc{ipfv}’ and kin ‘\textsc{hab}’ co-occur, there is no additional composite sense. The co-occurrence of subjunctive mék ‘\textsc{sbjv’} and imperfective de ‘\textsc{ipfv’} is very rare in the corpus.
A: word: mítɔp	 gloss: meet
B: word: sidɔ́n	 gloss: sit
C: word: nɛ́a	 gloss: NEG.PRF
D: word: dɔ́n	 gloss: PRF
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 47:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Wé e bin dɔ́n ___ gó, e tɛ́l mí sé di tín wé e fít gí mi, e wánt lɛ́f mi sɔn ríng.
Gloss (with missing item): SUB 3SG.SBJ PST PRF ___ go 3SG.SBJ tell 1SG.INDP QUOT DEF thing SUB 3SG.SBJ can give 1SG.INDP 3SG.SBJ want leave 1SG.INDP some ring
The English translation of this sentence is:‘When he was just about to go, he told me that the thing he could give me, he wanted to leave me a ring.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In the corpus, the maximal number of TMA markers encountered in one clause is three (e.g. \ref{ex:key:402}). The markers bin ‘\textsc{pst}’, go ‘\textsc{pot}’, and kin ‘\textsc{hab’} are mutually exclusive. The imperfective marker the morpheme ___ has the withe morpheme ___st distribution and co-occurs with all markers except fɔ ‘\textsc{cond’}. In contrast, the narrative perfective marker kán has a far more restricted distribution. It only co-occurs with bin ‘\textsc{pst’}, and it does so only in two instances in the corpus. Iterative aspect, expressed by reduplication, is most compatible with the imperfective senses expressed by the morpheme ___ ‘\textsc{ipfv’} and kin ‘\textsc{hab’}, but it is also compatible with the tense/mood markers bin ‘\textsc{pst’} and gó ‘\textsc{pot’}. The imperfective aspect harmonises with the habitual aspect. When the morpheme ___ ‘\textsc{ipfv}’ and kin ‘\textsc{hab}’ co-occur, there is no additional composite sense. The co-occurrence of subjunctive mék ‘\textsc{sbjv’} and imperfective the morpheme ___ ‘\textsc{ipfv’} is very rare in the corpus.
A: word: cuaderno	 gloss: exercise.book
B: word: de	 gloss: IPFV
C: word: bubɛ	 gloss: Bube
D: word: paciente	 gloss: patient
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 48:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A ___ di domɔ́t bihɛ́n sáy a gó fɛ́n sigá.
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ ___ DEF door behind side 1SG.SBJ go look.for cigarette
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I passed through the entrance at the back, I went to look for a cigarette.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Perfective aspect via factative TMA marking with dynamic verbs yields an interpretation of the situation as bounded and terminated, hence past by default. Compare the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ and gó ‘go’ in \REF{ex:key:314}:
A: word: pás	 gloss: pass
B: word: púl	 gloss: remove
C: word: gó”	 gloss: go
D: word: ápás	 gloss: after
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 49:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A pás di domɔ́t bihɛ́n sáy a ___ fɛ́n sigá.
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ pass DEF door behind side 1SG.SBJ ___ look.for cigarette
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I passed through the entrance at the back, I went to look for a cigarette.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Perfective aspect via factative TMA marking with dynamic verbs yields an interpretation of the situation as bounded and terminated, hence past by default. Compare pás ‘pass’ and the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ in \REF{ex:key:314}:
A: word: gó”	 gloss: go
B: word: baja	 gloss: go.down
C: word: gó	 gloss: go
D: word: wók	 gloss: work
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 50:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ɛ́ni sáy wé pɔ́sin ___ sidɔ́n, dɛn de sidɔ́n.
Gloss (with missing item): every side SUB person ___ stay 3PL IPFV stay
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Anywhere that a person wanted to stay, they stayed.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Since stative verbs have no inherent boundaries, the unmarked stative verb receives an imperfective, i.e. present tense or present state reading \REF{ex:key:315}. Tense is relational in Pichi, so a stative verb like the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ is in the present tense in relation to “event time” (\citealt{ChungTimberlake1985}), which is past tense in this example:
A: word: dɔ́n	 gloss: PRF
B: word: wántɛn	 gloss: suddenly
C: word: quiero	 gloss: I.want
D: word: wánt	 gloss: want
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 51:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): \MakeUppercase{A} ___ sɔn kápinta dɛn.
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ ___ some carpenter PL
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I know some carpenters.’ or ‘I got to know some carpenters.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Given the right context, all factative-marked inchoative-stative verbs may be interpreted as stative or inchoative (hence denoting entry-into-state). While the morpheme ___ ‘(get to) its gloss ___’ in \REF{ex:key:316} may be interpreted as either stative or inchoative in the absence of disambiguating cues, an inchoative reading is forced upon the factative marked verb évi ‘be heavy’ in \REF{ex:key:317}. This is due to the presence of a relational element, namely the temporal clause linker bifó ‘before’, which induces an implicit comparison with the prior empty state of the bag:
A: word: kúk	 gloss: cook
B: word: sabí	 gloss: know
C: word: entiende	 gloss: understand
D: word: bíl	 gloss: build
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 52:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ wi rích fɔ carretera di bolsa évi.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 1PL arrive PREP road DEF bag be.heavy
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Before we reached the road the bag had become heavy.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Given the right context, all factative-marked inchoative-stative verbs may be interpreted as stative or inchoative (hence denoting entry-into-state). While sabí ‘(get to) know’ in \REF{ex:key:316} may be interpreted as either stative or inchoative in the absence of disambiguating cues, an inchoative reading is forced upon the factative marked verb évi ‘be heavy’ in \REF{ex:key:317}. This is due to the presence of a relational element, namely the temporal clause linker the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’, which induces an implicit comparison with the prior empty state of the bag:
A: word: bigín	 gloss: begin
B: word: áfta	 gloss: then
C: word: bifó	 gloss: before
D: word: chench-chénch	 gloss: RED.CPD-change
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 53:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A ___ di trí chía dɛn, dán butaca ɔ́p sáy, mí sidɔ́n dé, e sidɔ́n dís pát.
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ ___ DEF three chair PL that elbow.chair up side 1SG.INDP sit.down there 3SG.SBJ sit.down this part
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I took the three chairs, that elbow chair up there, I [EMP] sat down there, he sat down on this side.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition, even in intransitive clauses, adverbials, and preceding tense-aspect marking in the same sentence, paragraph or text will usually disambiguate an inchoative from a stative interpretation. In \REF{ex:key:319}, for example, factative marking with the dynamic verb the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ leads to an entry-into-state interpretation of the following factative marked inchoative-stative verb sidɔ́n ‘sit (down)’:
A: word: tɛ́n	 gloss: time
B: word: acepta	 gloss: accept
C: word: ték	 gloss: take
D: word: ték=an	 gloss: take=3SG.OBJ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 54:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A ték di trí chía dɛn, dán butaca ɔ́p sáy, mí ___ dé, e sidɔ́n dís pát.
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ take DEF three chair PL that elbow.chair up side 1SG.INDP ___ there 3SG.SBJ sit.down this part
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I took the three chairs, that elbow chair up there, I [EMP] sat down there, he sat down on this side.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition, even in intransitive clauses, adverbials, and preceding tense-aspect marking in the same sentence, paragraph or text will usually disambiguate an inchoative from a stative interpretation. In \REF{ex:key:319}, for example, factative marking with the dynamic verb ték ‘take’ leads to an entry-into-state interpretation of the following factative marked inchoative-stative verb the morpheme ___ ‘sit (down)’:
A: word: dɔ́n	 gloss: PRF
B: word: gɛ́fɔ	 gloss: have.to
C: word: sidɔ́n	 gloss: sit.down
D: word: cruza-cruza	 gloss: cross.CPD{}-cross
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 55:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A ték di trí chía dɛn, dán butaca ɔ́p sáy, mí sidɔ́n dé, e ___ dís pát.
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ take DEF three chair PL that elbow.chair up side 1SG.INDP sit.down there 3SG.SBJ ___ this part
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I took the three chairs, that elbow chair up there, I [EMP] sat down there, he sat down on this side.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition, even in intransitive clauses, adverbials, and preceding tense-aspect marking in the same sentence, paragraph or text will usually disambiguate an inchoative from a stative interpretation. In \REF{ex:key:319}, for example, factative marking with the dynamic verb ték ‘take’ leads to an entry-into-state interpretation of the following factative marked inchoative-stative verb the morpheme ___ ‘sit (down)’:
A: word: dɔ́n	 gloss: PRF
B: word: sidɔ́n	 gloss: sit.down
C: word: sɛ́f	 gloss: self
D: word: cheque	 gloss: cheque
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 56:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E go ___ fáyn ɛf e kán.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ POT ___ fine if 3SG.SBJ come
The English translation of this sentence is:‘It will be nice, if he comes.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Beyond the expression of aspect taxis, the factative perfective aspect expresses conditional modality in the \textsc{if-}clause of conditionals with dynamic \REF{ex:key:320} and stative verbs alike \REF{ex:key:321}: \is{conditional clauses}
A: word: dé	 gloss: BE.LOC
B: word: ser	 gloss: be
C: word: tan	 gloss: as
D: word: dé”	 gloss: BE.LOC
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 57:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): If yu ___ a fít sɛ́l yu mi hós.
Gloss (with missing item): if 2SG ___ 1SG.SBJ can sell 2SG 1SG.POSS house
The English translation of this sentence is:‘If you want, I can sell you my house.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Beyond the expression of aspect taxis, the factative perfective aspect expresses conditional modality in the \textsc{if-}clause of conditionals with dynamic \REF{ex:key:320} and stative verbs alike \REF{ex:key:321}: \is{conditional clauses}
A: word: wɔ́k	 gloss: walk
B: word: wánt	 gloss: want
C: word: wántɛn	 gloss: suddenly
D: word: quiero	 gloss: I.want
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 58:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Yu fít ték náw, wán, wán smɔ́l kɔ́p nɔ́, ___ pút=an na fáya, ínsay di pɔ́t.
Gloss (with missing item): 2SG can take now one one small cup INTJ ___ put=3SG.OBJ LOC fire inside DEF pot
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Now you can take, a, a small cup, right, you put it on the fire, inside
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Beyond that, factative marking is encountered in procedural texts in contexts that suggest a habitual reading. In \REF{ex:key:322a}, speaker (ge) asks speaker (dj) to explain how ógi ‘corn porridge’ is prepared. In the response in \REF{ex:key:322b}, the dynamic verb pút ‘put’ acquires a habitual\is{habitual aspect} sense but remains bare.
A: word: ‘yu	 gloss: 2SG
B: word: una	 gloss: 2PL
C: word: yu	 gloss: 2SG
D: word: sɔntɛ́n	 gloss: perhaps
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 59:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Yu fít ték náw, wán, wán smɔ́l kɔ́p nɔ́, yu ___ na fáya, ínsay di pɔ́t.
Gloss (with missing item): 2SG can take now one one small cup INTJ 2SG ___ LOC fire inside DEF pot
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Now you can take, a, a small cup, right, you put it on the fire, inside
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Beyond that, factative marking is encountered in procedural texts in contexts that suggest a habitual reading. In \REF{ex:key:322a}, speaker (ge) asks speaker (dj) to explain how ógi ‘corn porridge’ is prepared. In the response in \REF{ex:key:322b}, the dynamic verb pút ‘put’ acquires a habitual\is{habitual aspect} sense but remains bare.
A: word: yús=an	 gloss: use=3SG.OBJ
B: word: sút=an	 gloss: shoot=3SG.OBJ
C: word: pút=an	 gloss: put=3SG.OBJ
D: word: mɛ́mba	 gloss: think.of
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C