cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 198:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Mí dú=an fɔséko sé a bin ___ hɛ́lp=an.
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.INDP do=3SG.OBJ due.to QUOT 1SG.SBJ PST ___ help=3SG.OBJ
The English translation of this sentence is:
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: While past reference may be established by factative TMA alone with dynamic verbs, overt past tense marking is often encountered with stative verbs where the occurrence of the unmarked form would give rise to ambiguity. In \REF{ex:key:382}, the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ is explicitly marked for past tense by bin, because the unmarked form would favour a present tense\is{present tense}, simultaneous reading. The same holds for the copula verb dé in \REF{ex:key:383}:
A: word: wántɛn	 gloss: suddenly
B: word: tɔ́k	 gloss: talk
C: word: wánt	 gloss: want
D: word: quiero	 gloss: I.want
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 199:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): \MakeUppercase{A} kán kɔmɔ́t na dán hós wé a ___ dé.
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ PFV go.out LOC that house SUB 1SG.SBJ ___ BE.LOC
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I left that house where I had been.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: While past reference may be established by factative TMA alone with dynamic verbs, overt past tense marking is often encountered with stative verbs where the occurrence of the unmarked form would give rise to ambiguity. In \REF{ex:key:382}, wánt ‘want’ is explicitly marked for past tense by the morpheme ___, because the unmarked form would favour a present tense\is{present tense}, simultaneous reading. The same holds for the copula verb dé in \REF{ex:key:383}:
A: word: camiseta	 gloss: singlet
B: word: íbin	 gloss: evening
C: word: fíba	 gloss: fever
D: word: bin	 gloss: PST
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 200:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Náw e ___ dáy sɛ́f.
Gloss (with missing item): now 3SG.SBJ ___ die EMP
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Now he’s even dead.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Bin can also express past-before-past tense \is{past-before-past tense}when specifying a situation that is set in the past. In \REF{ex:key:384a}, perfect marking with the dynamic verb dáy ‘die’ anchors time reference in the past. The subsequent clause \REF{ex:key:384b} featuring the stative copula verb dé is marked for bin. Hence, the situation referred to by dé \textsc{‘be.loc’} is anterior to dáy ‘die’ in the preceding clause.
A: word: sidɔ́n	 gloss: sit
B: word: nɛ́a	 gloss: NEG.PRF
C: word: dɔ́n	 gloss: PRF
D: word: rích	 gloss: reach
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 201:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Náw e dɔ́n ___ sɛ́f.
Gloss (with missing item): now 3SG.SBJ PRF ___ EMP
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Now he’s even dead.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Bin can also express past-before-past tense \is{past-before-past tense}when specifying a situation that is set in the past. In \REF{ex:key:384a}, perfect marking with the dynamic verb the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ anchors time reference in the past. The subsequent clause \REF{ex:key:384b} featuring the stative copula verb dé is marked for bin. Hence, the situation referred to by dé \textsc{‘be.loc’} is anterior to the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ in the preceding clause.
A: word: dáy	 gloss: die
B: word: pút=an	 gloss: put=3SG.OBJ
C: word: báy=an	 gloss: buy=3SG.OBJ
D: word: kíl	 gloss: kill
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 202:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E ___ dé na jél.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ ___ BE.LOC LOC jail
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He had been to prison.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Bin can also express past-before-past tense \is{past-before-past tense}when specifying a situation that is set in the past. In \REF{ex:key:384a}, perfect marking with the dynamic verb dáy ‘die’ anchors time reference in the past. The subsequent clause \REF{ex:key:384b} featuring the stative copula verb dé is marked for the morpheme ___. Hence, the situation referred to by dé \textsc{‘be.loc’} is anterior to dáy ‘die’ in the preceding clause.
A: word: tayt-táyt	 gloss: RED.CPD-tighten
B: word: bin	 gloss: PST
C: word: camiseta	 gloss: singlet
D: word: íbin	 gloss: evening
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 203:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E bin ___ na jél.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ PST ___ LOC jail
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He had been to prison.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Bin can also express past-before-past tense \is{past-before-past tense}when specifying a situation that is set in the past. In \REF{ex:key:384a}, perfect marking with the dynamic verb dáy ‘die’ anchors time reference in the past. The subsequent clause \REF{ex:key:384b} featuring the stative copula verb the morpheme ___ is marked for bin. Hence, the situation referred to by the morpheme ___ \textsc{‘be.loc’} is anterior to dáy ‘die’ in the preceding clause.
A: word: dé	 gloss: BE.LOC
B: word: ser	 gloss: be
C: word: dé”	 gloss: BE.LOC
D: word: mék	 gloss: make
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 204:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ɛ́ni sáy wé pɔ́sin ___ sidɔ́n, dɛn de sidɔ́n.
Gloss (with missing item): every side SUB person ___ stay 3PL IPFV stay
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Anywhere that a person wanted to stay, they stayed.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Present tense\is{present tense} is not expressed by means of elements specialised to this function. Instead, present tense reference is established by default through a variety of means. Bare stative verbs (cf. \ref{ex:key:315}) and in the appropriate context inchoative-stative verbs \REF{ex:key:316} are assigned present tense by default when marked for factative\is{factative TMA} TMA. Present tense reference is also established with inchoative-stative verbs via the use of the imperfective aspec\is{imperfective aspect}t marker de (cf. \ref{ex:key:336}) and with both lexical aspect classes by the use of the habitual\is{habitual aspect} marker kin (cf. \ref{ex:key:344}–\ref{ex:key:345}). Dynamic verbs are assigned present tense by default when they appear with the imperfective marker de (cf. \ref{ex:key:329}) and the habitual aspect marker kin (cf. \ref{ex:key:342}).
A: word: wántɛn	 gloss: suddenly
B: word: kéch	 gloss: catch
C: word: quiero	 gloss: I.want
D: word: wánt	 gloss: want
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 205:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): \MakeUppercase{A} ___ sɔn kápinta dɛn.
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ ___ some carpenter PL
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I know some carpenters.’ or ‘I got to know some carpenters.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Present tense\is{present tense} is not expressed by means of elements specialised to this function. Instead, present tense reference is established by default through a variety of means. Bare stative verbs (cf. \ref{ex:key:315}) and in the appropriate context inchoative-stative verbs \REF{ex:key:316} are assigned present tense by default when marked for factative\is{factative TMA} TMA. Present tense reference is also established with inchoative-stative verbs via the use of the imperfective aspec\is{imperfective aspect}t marker de (cf. \ref{ex:key:336}) and with both lexical aspect classes by the use of the habitual\is{habitual aspect} marker kin (cf. \ref{ex:key:344}–\ref{ex:key:345}). Dynamic verbs are assigned present tense by default when they appear with the imperfective marker de (cf. \ref{ex:key:329}) and the habitual aspect marker kin (cf. \ref{ex:key:342}).
A: word: sabí	 gloss: know
B: word: wín	 gloss: earn
C: word: bíl	 gloss: build
D: word: entiende	 gloss: understand
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 206:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): In mɔní ___ bɔkú.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.POSS money ___ be.much
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Her money is getting more.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Present tense\is{present tense} is not expressed by means of elements specialised to this function. Instead, present tense reference is established by the morpheme ___fault through a variety of means. Bare stative verbs (cf. \ref{ex:key:315}) and in the appropriate context inchoative-stative verbs \REF{ex:key:316} are assigned present tense by the morpheme ___fault when marked for factative\is{factative TMA} TMA. Present tense reference is also established with inchoative-stative verbs via the use of the imperfective aspec\is{imperfective aspect}t marker the morpheme ___ (cf. \ref{ex:key:336}) and with both lexical aspect classes by the use of the habitual\is{habitual aspect} marker kin (cf. \ref{ex:key:344}–\ref{ex:key:345}). Dynamic verbs are assigned present tense by the morpheme ___fault when they appear with the imperfective marker the morpheme ___ (cf. \ref{ex:key:329}) and the habitual aspect marker kin (cf. \ref{ex:key:342}).
A: word: báf	 gloss: bathe
B: word: smɛ́l	 gloss: smell
C: word: cuaderno	 gloss: exercise.book
D: word: de	 gloss: IPFV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 207:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Sé ús=tín ___ dé ínsay dé?
Gloss (with missing item): QUOT Q=thing ___ BE.LOC inside there
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(She) said “what is usually in there?”‘
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Present tense\is{present tense} is not expressed by means of elements specialised to this function. Instead, present tense reference is established by default through a variety of means. Bare stative verbs (cf. \ref{ex:key:315}) and in the appropriate context inchoative-stative verbs \REF{ex:key:316} are assigned present tense by default when marked for factative\is{factative TMA} TMA. Present tense reference is also established with inchoative-stative verbs via the use of the imperfective aspec\is{imperfective aspect}t marker de (cf. \ref{ex:key:336}) and with both lexical aspect classes by the use of the habitual\is{habitual aspect} marker the morpheme ___ (cf. \ref{ex:key:344}–\ref{ex:key:345}). Dynamic verbs are assigned present tense by default when they appear with the imperfective marker de (cf. \ref{ex:key:329}) and the habitual aspect marker the morpheme ___ (cf. \ref{ex:key:342}).
A: word: kin	 gloss: HAB
B: word: sláp	 gloss: slap
C: word: skin	 gloss: body
D: word: dé”	 gloss: BE.LOC
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 208:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Sé ús=tín kin ___ ínsay dé?
Gloss (with missing item): QUOT Q=thing HAB ___ inside there
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(She) said “what is usually in there?”‘
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Present tense\is{present tense} is not expressed by means of elements specialised to this function. Instead, present tense reference is established by default through a variety of means. Bare stative verbs (cf. \ref{ex:key:315}) and in the appropriate context inchoative-stative verbs \REF{ex:key:316} are assigned present tense by default when marked for factative\is{factative TMA} TMA. Present tense reference is also established with inchoative-stative verbs via the use of the imperfective aspec\is{imperfective aspect}t marker de (cf. \ref{ex:key:336}) and with both lexical aspect classes by the use of the habitual\is{habitual aspect} marker kin (cf. \ref{ex:key:344}–\ref{ex:key:345}). Dynamic verbs are assigned present tense by default when they appear with the imperfective marker de (cf. \ref{ex:key:329}) and the habitual aspect marker kin (cf. \ref{ex:key:342}).
A: word: dé	 gloss: BE.LOC
B: word: ser	 gloss: be
C: word: dé”	 gloss: BE.LOC
D: word: wánt	 gloss: want
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 209:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Dɛn nó ___ nó sɛ́f.
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL NEG ___ know EMP
The English translation of this sentence is:‘They didn’t even use to know.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Present tense\is{present tense} is not expressed by means of elements specialised to this function. Instead, present tense reference is established by default through a variety of means. Bare stative verbs (cf. \ref{ex:key:315}) and in the appropriate context inchoative-stative verbs \REF{ex:key:316} are assigned present tense by default when marked for factative\is{factative TMA} TMA. Present tense reference is also established with inchoative-stative verbs via the use of the imperfective aspec\is{imperfective aspect}t marker de (cf. \ref{ex:key:336}) and with both lexical aspect classes by the use of the habitual\is{habitual aspect} marker the morpheme ___ (cf. \ref{ex:key:344}–\ref{ex:key:345}). Dynamic verbs are assigned present tense by default when they appear with the imperfective marker de (cf. \ref{ex:key:329}) and the habitual aspect marker the morpheme ___ (cf. \ref{ex:key:342}).
A: word: kin	 gloss: HAB
B: word: skin	 gloss: body
C: word: gɛ́t	 gloss: get
D: word: dé”	 gloss: BE.LOC
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 210:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Dɛn nó kin ___ sɛ́f.
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL NEG HAB ___ EMP
The English translation of this sentence is:‘They didn’t even use to know.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Present tense\is{present tense} is not expressed by means of elements specialised to this function. Instead, present tense reference is established by default through a variety of means. Bare stative verbs (cf. \ref{ex:key:315}) and in the appropriate context inchoative-stative verbs \REF{ex:key:316} are assigned present tense by default when marked for factative\is{factative TMA} TMA. Present tense reference is also established with inchoative-stative verbs via the use of the imperfective aspec\is{imperfective aspect}t marker de (cf. \ref{ex:key:336}) and with both lexical aspect classes by the use of the habitual\is{habitual aspect} marker kin (cf. \ref{ex:key:344}–\ref{ex:key:345}). Dynamic verbs are assigned present tense by default when they appear with the imperfective marker de (cf. \ref{ex:key:329}) and the habitual aspect marker kin (cf. \ref{ex:key:342}).
A: word: entiende	 gloss: understand
B: word: nó	 gloss: know
C: word: nóto	 gloss: NEG.FOC
D: word: lɛk	 gloss: like
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 211:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A ___ smɛ́l di sɛ́nt fɔ lɛk háw e de kúk plantí.
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ ___ smell DEF scent PREP like how 3SG.SBJ IPFV cook plantain
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I smell the scent of him cooking plantain.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Present tense\is{present tense} is not expressed by means of elements specialised to this function. Instead, present tense reference is established by the morpheme ___fault through a variety of means. Bare stative verbs (cf. \ref{ex:key:315}) and in the appropriate context inchoative-stative verbs \REF{ex:key:316} are assigned present tense by the morpheme ___fault when marked for factative\is{factative TMA} TMA. Present tense reference is also established with inchoative-stative verbs via the use of the imperfective aspec\is{imperfective aspect}t marker the morpheme ___ (cf. \ref{ex:key:336}) and with both lexical aspect classes by the use of the habitual\is{habitual aspect} marker kin (cf. \ref{ex:key:344}–\ref{ex:key:345}). Dynamic verbs are assigned present tense by the morpheme ___fault when they appear with the imperfective marker the morpheme ___ (cf. \ref{ex:key:329}) and the habitual aspect marker kin (cf. \ref{ex:key:342}).
A: word: yú=an	 gloss: 2SG.INDP=3SG.OBJ
B: word: sɛ́f	 gloss: self
C: word: cuaderno	 gloss: exercise.book
D: word: de	 gloss: IPFV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 212:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A de ___ di sɛ́nt fɔ lɛk háw e de kúk plantí.
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ IPFV ___ DEF scent PREP like how 3SG.SBJ IPFV cook plantain
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I smell the scent of him cooking plantain.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Present tense\is{present tense} is not expressed by means of elements specialised to this function. Instead, present tense reference is established by default through a variety of means. Bare stative verbs (cf. \ref{ex:key:315}) and in the appropriate context inchoative-stative verbs \REF{ex:key:316} are assigned present tense by default when marked for factative\is{factative TMA} TMA. Present tense reference is also established with inchoative-stative verbs via the use of the imperfective aspec\is{imperfective aspect}t marker de (cf. \ref{ex:key:336}) and with both lexical aspect classes by the use of the habitual\is{habitual aspect} marker kin (cf. \ref{ex:key:344}–\ref{ex:key:345}). Dynamic verbs are assigned present tense by default when they appear with the imperfective marker de (cf. \ref{ex:key:329}) and the habitual aspect marker kin (cf. \ref{ex:key:342}).
A: word: smɛ́l	 gloss: smell
B: word: máred	 gloss: marry
C: word: gɛ́l	 gloss: girl
D: word: sɛ́nt	 gloss: scent
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A