cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 19:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A gɛ́t wán bíg ___ wé na mulata.
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ get one big ___ SUB FOC African-European.F
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I have a/one big sister who is African-European.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Singular count nouns are marked for indefiniteness with the cardinal numeral\is{cardinal numerals} wán ‘one’ \REF{ex:key:174}, or with the quantifier sɔn ‘some, a’ (cf. \ref{ex:key:175} below). The numeral wán is not a fully grammaticalised indefinite article. In many contexts, wán retains its lexical meaning of ‘one’. Wán also has pronominal functions and can itself be preceded by the demonstratives dí and dán and the definite article di (e.g. \ref{ex:key:165}).
A: word: sísta	 gloss: sister
B: word: antí	 gloss: aunt
C: word: kasára	 gloss: cassava
D: word: yɛ́stadé	 gloss: yesterday
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 20:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A wánt mék yu dú mí ___ fébɔ, mék yu wás mi sɔn klós dɛn.
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ want SBJV 2SG do 1SG.INDP ___ favour SBJV 2SG wash 1SG.INDP some clothing PL
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I want you to do me a favour (and) wash some clothes for me.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Singular count nouns are marked for indefiniteness with the cardinal numeral\is{cardinal numerals} wán ‘one’ \REF{ex:key:174}, or with the quantifier the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___, a’ (cf. \ref{ex:key:175} below). The numeral wán is not a fully grammaticalised indefinite article. In many contexts, wán retains its lexical meaning of ‘one’. Wán also has pronominal functions and can itself be preceded by the demonstratives dí and dán and the definite article di (e.g. \ref{ex:key:165}).
A: word: wán	 gloss: one
B: word: motó	 gloss: car
C: word: sɔn	 gloss: some
D: word: sɔntɛ́n	 gloss: perhaps
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 21:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A wánt mék yu dú mí sɔn ___ mék yu wás mi sɔn klós dɛn.
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ want SBJV 2SG do 1SG.INDP some ___ SBJV 2SG wash 1SG.INDP some clothing PL
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I want you to do me a favour (and) wash some clothes for me.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Singular count nouns are marked for indefiniteness with the cardinal numeral\is{cardinal numerals} wán ‘one’ \REF{ex:key:174}, or with the quantifier sɔn ‘some, a’ (cf. \ref{ex:key:175} below). The numeral wán is not a fully grammaticalised indefinite article. In many contexts, wán retains its lexical meaning of ‘one’. Wán also has pronominal functions and can itself be preceded by the demonstratives dí and dán and the definite article di (e.g. \ref{ex:key:165}).
A: word: porque	 gloss: because
B: word: bɔ́l	 gloss: ball
C: word: tín	 gloss: thing
D: word: fébɔ	 gloss: favour
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 22:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Di láyf fɔ́s tɛ́n e bin swít pás ___ wán tidé.
Gloss (with missing item): DEF life first time 3SG.SBJ PST be.sweet pass ___ one today
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Life in the past was more enjoyable than that of today.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Singular count nouns are marked for indefiniteness with the carthe morpheme ___nal numeral\is{carthe morpheme ___nal numerals} wán ‘one’ \REF{ex:key:174}, or with the quantifier sɔn ‘some, a’ (cf. \ref{ex:key:175} below). The numeral wán is not a fully grammaticalised indefinite article. In many contexts, wán retains its lexical meaning of ‘one’. Wán also has pronominal functions and can itself be preceded by the demonstratives dí and dán and the definite article the morpheme ___ (e.g. \ref{ex:key:165}).
A: word: wi-ɔl-tú	 gloss: 1PL.INDP.CPD-all.CPD-two
B: word: nák=an	 gloss: hit=3SG.OBJ
C: word: directo	 gloss: direct
D: word: di	 gloss: DEF
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 23:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Di láyf fɔ́s tɛ́n e bin swít pás di ___ tidé.
Gloss (with missing item): DEF life first time 3SG.SBJ PST be.sweet pass DEF ___ today
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Life in the past was more enjoyable than that of today.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Singular count nouns are marked for indefiniteness with the cardinal numeral\is{cardinal numerals} the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ \REF{ex:key:174}, or with the quantifier sɔn ‘some, a’ (cf. \ref{ex:key:175} below). The numeral the morpheme ___ is not a fully grammaticalised indefinite article. In many contexts, the morpheme ___ retains its lexical meaning of ‘its gloss ___’. Wán also has pronominal functions and can itself be preceded by the demonstratives dí and dán and the definite article di (e.g. \ref{ex:key:165}).
A: word: wán	 gloss: one
B: word: wáns	 gloss: once
C: word: wánt	 gloss: want
D: word: kasára	 gloss: cassava
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 24:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A wánt mék yu dú mí ___ fébɔ, mék yu wás mi sɔn klós dɛn.
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ want SBJV 2SG do 1SG.INDP ___ favour SBJV 2SG wash 1SG.INDP some clothing PL
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I want you to do me a favour (and) wash some clothes for me.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: When used with count nouns, wán usually signals a higher degree of specificity than the morpheme ___. However, there is no categorical distinction between specific and non-specific deixis in Pichi. This can be seen in the following two sentences. Here the noun fébɔ ‘favour’ appears with the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___, a’ in \REF{ex:key:175} and wán ‘one, a’ in a specific and emphatic setting in \REF{ex:key:176}:
A: word: sɔntɛ́n	 gloss: perhaps
B: word: sɔn	 gloss: some
C: word: wán	 gloss: one
D: word: brɔ́da	 gloss: brother
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 25:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): A wánt mék yu dú mí sɔn ___ mék yu wás mi sɔn klós dɛn.
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ want SBJV 2SG do 1SG.INDP some ___ SBJV 2SG wash 1SG.INDP some clothing PL
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I want you to do me a favour (and) wash some clothes for me.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: When used with count nouns, wán usually signals a higher degree of specificity than sɔn. However, there is no categorical distinction between specific and non-specific deixis in Pichi. This can be seen in the following two sentences. Here the noun the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ appears with sɔn ‘some, a’ in \REF{ex:key:175} and wán ‘one, a’ in a specific and emphatic setting in \REF{ex:key:176}:
A: word: fébɔ	 gloss: favour
B: word: camerún	 gloss: PLACE
C: word: porque	 gloss: because
D: word: bɔ́l	 gloss: ball
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 26:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Na sé, na layk sé di mán de mék yú ___ fébɔ.
Gloss (with missing item): FOC QUOT FOC like QUOT DEF man IPFV make 2SG.INDP ___ favour
The English translation of this sentence is:‘It is that, it is as if the man is doing you a favour.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: When used with count nouns, the morpheme ___ usually signals a higher degree of specificity than sɔn. However, there is no categorical distinction between specific and non-specific deixis in Pichi. This can be seen in the following two sentences. Here the noun fébɔ ‘favour’ appears with sɔn ‘some, a’ in \REF{ex:key:175} and the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___, a’ in a specific and emphatic setting in \REF{ex:key:176}:
A: word: wáns	 gloss: once
B: word: wán	 gloss: one
C: word: pát	 gloss: part
D: word: wánt	 gloss: want
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 27:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Yu sabí sé ___ motó fɔ wán mún na cincuenta dólar, ɛf yu hól wán motó fɔ wán mún.
Gloss (with missing item): 2SG know QUOT ___ car PREP one month FOC fifty dollar if 2SG hold one car PREP one month
The English translation of this sentence is:‘You know that a car for one month is fifty dollars, if you keep a car for only one month.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Given that Pichi does not mark number on nouns morphologically, the morpheme ___, rather than sɔn, is used to express that singular number is a significant feature of the referent as in the morpheme ___ motó ‘its gloss ___ car’ \REF{ex:key:177}\is{cardinal numerals}. Here an interpretation of the morpheme ___ as a numeral would appear awkward, since the speaker does not have more than its gloss ___ car in mind:
A: word: bíg	 gloss: big
B: word: wán	 gloss: one
C: word: wáns	 gloss: once
D: word: wánt	 gloss: want
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 28:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Yu sabí sé wán ___ fɔ wán mún na cincuenta dólar, ɛf yu hól wán motó fɔ wán mún.
Gloss (with missing item): 2SG know QUOT one ___ PREP one month FOC fifty dollar if 2SG hold one car PREP one month
The English translation of this sentence is:‘You know that a car for one month is fifty dollars, if you keep a car for only one month.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Given that Pichi does not mark number on nouns morphologically, wán, rather than sɔn, is used to express that singular number is a significant feature of the referent as in wán the morpheme ___ ‘one its gloss ___’ \REF{ex:key:177}\is{its gloss ___dinal numerals}. Here an interpretation of wán as a numeral would appear awkward, since the speaker does not have more than one its gloss ___ in mind:
A: word: ɔ́da	 gloss: other
B: word: taksí	 gloss: taxi
C: word: motó	 gloss: car
D: word: motó”	 gloss: car
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 29:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ wán ɔnkúl directo, fɔ mi mamá in papá in fámbul pát.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ one uncle direct PREP 1SG.POSS mother 3SG.POSS father 3SG.POSS family part
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(He) is a direct uncle on my mother’s father’s family’s side.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Wán rather than sɔn is also common in emphatic contexts. The data does not contain a single sentence in which a noun is preceded by sɔn in an equative clause of the type in \REF{ex:key:178}, in which the identified entity is highly specific. The numeral wán may also sigthe morpheme ___l additiothe morpheme ___l emphasis\is{emphasis} when it precedes a noun under cleft focus\is{cleft constructions} in a presentative construction, as in \REF{ex:key:179} (cf. also \sectref{sec:7.4.4}):
A: word: djunais	 gloss: NAME
B: word: nóto	 gloss: NEG.FOC
C: word: na	 gloss: FOC
D: word: leche	 gloss: milk
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 30:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Na ___ ɔnkúl directo, fɔ mi mamá in papá in fámbul pát.
Gloss (with missing item): FOC ___ uncle direct PREP 1SG.POSS mother 3SG.POSS father 3SG.POSS family part
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(He) is a direct uncle on my mother’s father’s family’s side.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Wán rather than sɔn is also common in emphatic contexts. The data does not contain a single sentence in which a noun is preceded by sɔn in an equative clause of the type in \REF{ex:key:178}, in which the identified entity is highly specific. The numeral the morpheme ___ may also signal additional emphasis\is{emphasis} when it precedes a noun under cleft focus\is{cleft constructions} in a presentative construction, as in \REF{ex:key:179} (cf. also \sectref{sec:7.4.4}):
A: word: wánt	 gloss: want
B: word: wáns	 gloss: once
C: word: wán	 gloss: one
D: word: pikín	 gloss: child
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 31:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Na wán ___ directo, fɔ mi mamá in papá in fámbul pát.
Gloss (with missing item): FOC one ___ direct PREP 1SG.POSS mother 3SG.POSS father 3SG.POSS family part
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(He) is a direct uncle on my mother’s father’s family’s side.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Wán rather than sɔn is also common in emphatic contexts. The data does not contain a single sentence in which a noun is preceded by sɔn in an equative clause of the type in \REF{ex:key:178}, in which the identified entity is highly specific. The numeral wán may also signal additional emphasis\is{emphasis} when it precedes a noun under cleft focus\is{cleft constructions} in a presentative construction, as in \REF{ex:key:179} (cf. also \sectref{sec:7.4.4}):
A: word: directo	 gloss: direct
B: word: ɔnkúl	 gloss: uncle
C: word: adɔnkɛ́	 gloss: even.if
D: word: abuelo	 gloss: grandfather
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 32:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Na wán ɔnkúl ___ fɔ mi mamá in papá in fámbul pát.
Gloss (with missing item): FOC one uncle ___ PREP 1SG.POSS mother 3SG.POSS father 3SG.POSS family part
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(He) is a direct uncle on my mother’s father’s family’s side.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Wán rather than sɔn is also common in emphatic contexts. The data does not contain a single sentence in which a noun is preceded by sɔn in an equative clause of the type in \REF{ex:key:178}, in which the identified entity is highly specific. The numeral wán may also signal additional emphasis\is{emphasis} when it precedes a noun under cleft focus\is{cleft constructions} in a presentative construction, as in \REF{ex:key:179} (cf. also \sectref{sec:7.4.4}):
A: word: directo	 gloss: direct
B: word: directa	 gloss: direct
C: word: paquita	 gloss: NAME
D: word: sɛ́n	 gloss: send
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 33:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E dé complicado, ___ wán tín dat.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ BE.LOC complicated ___ one thing that
The English translation of this sentence is:‘It’s complicated, it’s one (kind of a) thing.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Wán rather than sɔn is also common in emphatic contexts. The data does not contain a single sentence in which a noun is preceded by sɔn in an equative clause of the type in \REF{ex:key:178}, in which the identified entity is highly specific. The numeral wán may also sigthe morpheme ___l additiothe morpheme ___l emphasis\is{emphasis} when it precedes a noun under cleft focus\is{cleft constructions} in a presentative construction, as in \REF{ex:key:179} (cf. also \sectref{sec:7.4.4}):
A: word: sobrinos	 gloss: nephew.PL
B: word: na	 gloss: FOC
C: word: djunais	 gloss: NAME
D: word: nóto	 gloss: NEG.FOC
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 34:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E dé complicado, na ___ tín dat.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ BE.LOC complicated FOC ___ thing that
The English translation of this sentence is:‘It’s complicated, it’s one (kind of a) thing.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Wán rather than sɔn is also common in emphatic contexts. The data does not contain a single sentence in which a noun is preceded by sɔn in an equative clause of the type in \REF{ex:key:178}, in which the identified entity is highly specific. The numeral the morpheme ___ may also signal additional emphasis\is{emphasis} when it precedes a noun under cleft focus\is{cleft constructions} in a presentative construction, as in \REF{ex:key:179} (cf. also \sectref{sec:7.4.4}):
A: word: wáns	 gloss: once
B: word: wán	 gloss: one
C: word: hía	 gloss: here
D: word: wánt	 gloss: want
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 35:
You are a linguist specializing in Pichi. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): E dé complicado, na wán ___ dat.
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.SBJ BE.LOC complicated FOC one ___ that
The English translation of this sentence is:‘It’s complicated, it’s one (kind of a) thing.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Wán rather than sɔn is also common in emphatic contexts. The data does not contain a single sentence in which a noun is preceded by sɔn in an equative clause of the type in \REF{ex:key:178}, in which the identified entity is highly specific. The numeral wán may also signal additional emphasis\is{emphasis} when it precedes a noun under cleft focus\is{cleft constructions} in a presentative construction, as in \REF{ex:key:179} (cf. also \sectref{sec:7.4.4}):
A: word: wétin	 gloss: what
B: word: pikín	 gloss: child
C: word: “ús=tín	 gloss: Q=thing
D: word: tín	 gloss: thing
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D