cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 16:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): {nanti} {dia} {pikir} saya tida baik ... nanti de pikir kitong tra ___
Gloss (with missing item): very.soon 3SG think 1SG NEG be.good ... very.soon 3SG think 1PL NEG ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘very soon he’ll think that I’m not good ... very soon he’ll think that we are not good’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The contrastive examples in (\ref{Example_13.1}) and (\ref{Example_13.2}) also show that \textitbf{tida} ‘\textsc{neg}’ and \textitbf{tra} ‘\textsc{neg}’ are used interchangeably with no differences in function or meaning. In the corpus, however, speakers more often use \textitbf{tida} ‘\textsc{neg}’ than \textitbf{tra} ‘\textsc{neg}’ (1,491 vs. 794 tokens) (\textitbf{bukang} ‘\textsc{neg}’ is attested with 208 tokens; see §\ref{Para_13.1.2}).
A: word: ke–baik–ang	 gloss: NMLZ–be.good–NMLZ
B: word: baik	 gloss: be.good
C: word: enak	 gloss: be.pleasant
D: word: saja	 gloss: just
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 17:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): de ___ datang ... de tida datang
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG ___ come ... 3SG NEG come
The English translation of this sentence is:‘she did not come ... she did not come’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The conthe morpheme ___stive examples in (\ref{Example_13.1}) and (\ref{Example_13.2}) also show that \textitbf{tida} ‘\textsc{neg}’ and \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{neg}’ are used interchangeably with no differences in function or meaning. In the corpus, however, speakers more often use \textitbf{tida} ‘\textsc{neg}’ than \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{neg}’ (1,491 vs. 794 tokens) (\textitbf{bukang} ‘\textsc{neg}’ is attested with 208 tokens; see §\ref{Para_13.1.2}).
A: word: ceritrakang	 gloss: tell
B: word: jangang	 gloss: NEG.IMP
C: word: tra	 gloss: NEG
D: word: kas	 gloss: give
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 18:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): de tra datang ... de ___ datang
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG NEG come ... 3SG ___ come
The English translation of this sentence is:‘she did not come ... she did not come’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The contrastive examples in (\ref{Example_13.1}) and (\ref{Example_13.2}) also show that \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{neg}’ and \textitbf{tra} ‘\textsc{neg}’ are used interchangeably with no differences in function or meaning. In the corpus, however, speakers more often use \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{neg}’ than \textitbf{tra} ‘\textsc{neg}’ (1,491 vs. 794 tokens) (\textitbf{bukang} ‘\textsc{neg}’ is attested with 208 tokens; see §\ref{Para_13.1.2}).
A: word: sidaq	 gloss: 3PL
B: word: tida	 gloss: NEG
C: word: jangang	 gloss: NEG.IMP
D: word: saja	 gloss: just
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 19:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ ada kamar mandi
Gloss (with missing item): ___ exist room bathe
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(there) were no bathrooms’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Existential clauses are also negated with \textitbf{tida}/\textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{neg}’, as illusthe morpheme ___ted in (\ref{Example_13.6}) to (\ref{Example_13.10}). Examples for negated one-argument clauses are given in (\ref{Example_13.6}) to (\ref{Example_13.8}), and for two-argument clauses in (\ref{Example_13.9}) to (\ref{Example_13.10}). (Existential clauses are discussed in detail in §\ref{Para_11.4}.)
A: word: ceritrakang	 gloss: tell
B: word: kas	 gloss: give
C: word: jangang	 gloss: NEG.IMP
D: word: tra	 gloss: NEG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 20:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tra ___ kamar mandi
Gloss (with missing item): NEG ___ room bathe
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(there) were no bathrooms’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Existential clauses are also negated with \textitbf{tida}/\textitbf{tra} ‘\textsc{neg}’, as illustrated in (\ref{Example_13.6}) to (\ref{Example_13.10}). Examples for negated one-argument clauses are given in (\ref{Example_13.6}) to (\ref{Example_13.8}), and for two-argument clauses in (\ref{Example_13.9}) to (\ref{Example_13.10}). (Existential clauses are discussed in detail in §\ref{Para_11.4}.)
A: word: ada	 gloss: exist
B: word: badang	 gloss: body
C: word: tida	 gloss: NEG
D: word: timbul	 gloss: emerge
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 21:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): dong ___ ada air
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL ___ exist water
The English translation of this sentence is:‘they didn’t have water’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Existential clauses are also negated with \textitbf{tida}/\textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{neg}’, as illusthe morpheme ___ted in (\ref{Example_13.6}) to (\ref{Example_13.10}). Examples for negated one-argument clauses are given in (\ref{Example_13.6}) to (\ref{Example_13.8}), and for two-argument clauses in (\ref{Example_13.9}) to (\ref{Example_13.10}). (Existential clauses are discussed in detail in §\ref{Para_11.4}.)
A: word: tra	 gloss: NEG
B: word: pukul	 gloss: hit
C: word: ceritrakang	 gloss: tell
D: word: jangang	 gloss: NEG.IMP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 22:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): dong tra ___ air
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL NEG ___ water
The English translation of this sentence is:‘they didn’t have water’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Existential clauses are also negated with \textitbf{tida}/\textitbf{tra} ‘\textsc{neg}’, as illustrated in (\ref{Example_13.6}) to (\ref{Example_13.10}). Examples for negated one-argument clauses are given in (\ref{Example_13.6}) to (\ref{Example_13.8}), and for two-argument clauses in (\ref{Example_13.9}) to (\ref{Example_13.10}). (Existential clauses are discussed in detail in §\ref{Para_11.4}.)
A: word: badang	 gloss: body
B: word: ada	 gloss: exist
C: word: timbul	 gloss: emerge
D: word: harus	 gloss: have.to
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 23:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ ada kamar mandi
Gloss (with missing item): ___ exist room bathe
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(there) were no bathrooms’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Existential clauses are also negated with \textitbf{tida}/\textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{neg}’, as illusthe morpheme ___ted in (\ref{Example_13.6}) to (\ref{Example_13.10}). Examples for negated one-argument clauses are given in (\ref{Example_13.6}) to (\ref{Example_13.8}), and for two-argument clauses in (\ref{Example_13.9}) to (\ref{Example_13.10}). (Existential clauses are discussed in detail in §\ref{Para_11.4}.)
A: word: suda	 gloss: already
B: word: tra	 gloss: NEG
C: word: jangang	 gloss: NEG.IMP
D: word: ceritrakang	 gloss: tell
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 24:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tra ___ kamar mandi
Gloss (with missing item): NEG ___ room bathe
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(there) were no bathrooms’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Existential clauses are also negated with \textitbf{tida}/\textitbf{tra} ‘\textsc{neg}’, as illustrated in (\ref{Example_13.6}) to (\ref{Example_13.10}). Examples for negated one-argument clauses are given in (\ref{Example_13.6}) to (\ref{Example_13.8}), and for two-argument clauses in (\ref{Example_13.9}) to (\ref{Example_13.10}). (Existential clauses are discussed in detail in §\ref{Para_11.4}.)
A: word: ayo	 gloss: come.on!
B: word: ada	 gloss: exist
C: word: badang	 gloss: body
D: word: timbul	 gloss: emerge
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 25:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ketrampilang juga ___ ada
Gloss (with missing item): skill also ___ exist
The English translation of this sentence is:[About training activities for women:] ‘neither do (they) have (any) skills’ (Lit. ‘(their) skills also don’t exist’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Existential clauses are also negated with \textitbf{tida}/\textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{neg}’, as illusthe morpheme ___ted in (\ref{Example_13.6}) to (\ref{Example_13.10}). Examples for negated one-argument clauses are given in (\ref{Example_13.6}) to (\ref{Example_13.8}), and for two-argument clauses in (\ref{Example_13.9}) to (\ref{Example_13.10}). (Existential clauses are discussed in detail in §\ref{Para_11.4}.)
A: word: ceritrakang	 gloss: tell
B: word: bole	 gloss: may
C: word: tra	 gloss: NEG
D: word: jangang	 gloss: NEG.IMP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 26:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ketrampilang juga tra ___
Gloss (with missing item): skill also NEG ___
The English translation of this sentence is:[About training activities for women:] ‘neither do (they) have (any) skills’ (Lit. ‘(their) skills also don’t exist’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Existential clauses are also negated with \textitbf{tida}/\textitbf{tra} ‘\textsc{neg}’, as illustrated in (\ref{Example_13.6}) to (\ref{Example_13.10}). Examples for negated one-argument clauses are given in (\ref{Example_13.6}) to (\ref{Example_13.8}), and for two-argument clauses in (\ref{Example_13.9}) to (\ref{Example_13.10}). (Existential clauses are discussed in detail in §\ref{Para_11.4}.)
A: word: badang	 gloss: body
B: word: tra	 gloss: NEG
C: word: timbul	 gloss: emerge
D: word: ada	 gloss: exist
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 27:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): sodara prempuang itu ___ ada ana
Gloss (with missing item): sibling woman D.DIST ___ exist child
The English translation of this sentence is:‘that sister doesn’t have children’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Existential clauses are also negated with \textitbf{the morpheme ___}/\textitbf{tra} ‘\textsc{neg}’, as illustrated in (\ref{Example_13.6}) to (\ref{Example_13.10}). Examples for negated one-argument clauses are given in (\ref{Example_13.6}) to (\ref{Example_13.8}), and for two-argument clauses in (\ref{Example_13.9}) to (\ref{Example_13.10}). (Existential clauses are discussed in detail in §\ref{Para_11.4}.)
A: word: tida	 gloss: NEG
B: word: jangang	 gloss: NEG.IMP
C: word: sidaq	 gloss: 3PL
D: word: bole	 gloss: may
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 28:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): sodara prempuang itu tida ___ ana
Gloss (with missing item): sibling woman D.DIST NEG ___ child
The English translation of this sentence is:‘that sister doesn’t have children’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Existential clauses are also negated with \textitbf{tida}/\textitbf{tra} ‘\textsc{neg}’, as illustrated in (\ref{Example_13.6}) to (\ref{Example_13.10}). Examples for negated one-argument clauses are given in (\ref{Example_13.6}) to (\ref{Example_13.8}), and for two-argument clauses in (\ref{Example_13.9}) to (\ref{Example_13.10}). (Existential clauses are discussed in detail in §\ref{Para_11.4}.)
A: word: baik	 gloss: be.good
B: word: badang	 gloss: body
C: word: ada	 gloss: exist
D: word: timbul	 gloss: emerge
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 29:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): dong ___ ada air
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL ___ exist water
The English translation of this sentence is:‘they didn’t have water’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Existential clauses are also negated with \textitbf{tida}/\textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{neg}’, as illusthe morpheme ___ted in (\ref{Example_13.6}) to (\ref{Example_13.10}). Examples for negated one-argument clauses are given in (\ref{Example_13.6}) to (\ref{Example_13.8}), and for two-argument clauses in (\ref{Example_13.9}) to (\ref{Example_13.10}). (Existential clauses are discussed in detail in §\ref{Para_11.4}.)
A: word: bukang	 gloss: NEG
B: word: ceritrakang	 gloss: tell
C: word: tra	 gloss: NEG
D: word: jangang	 gloss: NEG.IMP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 30:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): dong tra ___ air
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL NEG ___ water
The English translation of this sentence is:‘they didn’t have water’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Existential clauses are also negated with \textitbf{tida}/\textitbf{tra} ‘\textsc{neg}’, as illustrated in (\ref{Example_13.6}) to (\ref{Example_13.10}). Examples for negated one-argument clauses are given in (\ref{Example_13.6}) to (\ref{Example_13.8}), and for two-argument clauses in (\ref{Example_13.9}) to (\ref{Example_13.10}). (Existential clauses are discussed in detail in §\ref{Para_11.4}.)
A: word: ada	 gloss: exist
B: word: mari	 gloss: hither
C: word: badang	 gloss: body
D: word: timbul	 gloss: emerge
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 31:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ ada kamar mandi
Gloss (with missing item): ___ exist room bathe
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(there) were no bathrooms’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The respective one-argument clauses in (\ref{Example_13.6}) and (\ref{Example_13.7}) illusthe morpheme ___te negated existence and negated availability of \isi{indefinite}/nonidentifiable theme expressions. The example in (\ref{Example_13.8}) demonsthe morpheme ___tes \isi{negation} of a \isi{definite}/identifiable theme expression. One-argument clauses denoting negative possession of a \isi{definite}/identifiable possessum are unattested in the corpus; instead, the preferred type of \isi{existential clause} to express negative possession is a two-argument clause, as shown in (\ref{Example_13.9}) and (\ref{Example_13.10}).
A: word: tida	 gloss: NEG
B: word: tra	 gloss: NEG
C: word: jangang	 gloss: NEG.IMP
D: word: ceritrakang	 gloss: tell
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 32:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tra ___ kamar mandi
Gloss (with missing item): NEG ___ room bathe
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(there) were no bathrooms’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The respective one-argument clauses in (\ref{Example_13.6}) and (\ref{Example_13.7}) illustrate negated its gloss ___ence and negated availability of \isi{indefinite}/nonidentifiable theme expressions. The example in (\ref{Example_13.8}) demonstrates \isi{negation} of a \isi{definite}/identifiable theme expression. One-argument clauses denoting negative possession of a \isi{definite}/identifiable possessum are unattested in the corpus; instead, the preferred type of \isi{its gloss ___ential clause} to express negative possession is a two-argument clause, as shown in (\ref{Example_13.9}) and (\ref{Example_13.10}).
A: word: ada	 gloss: exist
B: word: tolong	 gloss: help
C: word: badang	 gloss: body
D: word: timbul	 gloss: emerge
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 33:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ ada air minum
Gloss (with missing item): ___ exist water drink
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(there) was no drinking water’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The respective one-argument clauses in (\ref{Example_13.6}) and (\ref{Example_13.7}) illustrate negated existence and negated availability of \isi{indefinite}/nonidentifiable theme expressions. The example in (\ref{Example_13.8}) demonstrates \isi{negation} of a \isi{definite}/identifiable theme expression. One-argument clauses denoting negative possession of a \isi{definite}/identifiable possessum are unattested in the corpus; instead, the preferred type of \isi{existential clause} to express negative possession is a two-argument clause, as shown in (\ref{Example_13.9}) and (\ref{Example_13.10}).
A: word: tida	 gloss: NEG
B: word: mari	 gloss: hither
C: word: jangang	 gloss: NEG.IMP
D: word: sidaq	 gloss: 3PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A