cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 62:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): malam cuci pakeang ___ bersi jemur
Gloss (with missing item): night wash clothes ___ be.clean dry
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(if you have to do laundry at night time) wash (your clothes), clean (them, and hang them up) to dry’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Semantically, causatives with \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ focus on the outcome of the causation or manipulation. Causatives with \textitbf{biking} ‘make’, by contrast, focus on the manipulation of circumstances that ultimately leads to the caused event or effect. This is shown with the contrastive examples in ({\ref{Example_11.47}) and ({\ref{Example_11.48}) both of which are formed with \isi{monovalent} stative \textitbf{bersi} ‘be clean’. In ({\ref{Example_11.47}), \textitbf{the morpheme ___ bersi} ‘cause to be clean’ stresses the outcome of the washing process, namely that the clothes are clean. In the elicited example in ({\ref{Example_11.48}), by contrast, \textitbf{biking bersi} ‘make clean’ focuses on the manipulation itself, which leads to the effect that the clothes are clean.
A: word: kasi–ang	 gloss: love–PAT
B: word: kasi	 gloss: give
C: word: menyanyi	 gloss: sing
D: word: siap	 gloss: provide
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 63:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): malam cuci pakeang kasi ___ jemur
Gloss (with missing item): night wash clothes give ___ dry
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(if you have to do laundry at night time) wash (your clothes), clean (them, and hang them up) to dry’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Semantically, causatives with \textitbf{kasi} ‘give’ focus on the outcome of the causation or manipulation. Causatives with \textitbf{biking} ‘make’, by contrast, focus on the manipulation of circumstances that ultimately leads to the caused event or effect. This is shown with the contrastive examples in ({\ref{Example_11.47}) and ({\ref{Example_11.48}) both of which are formed with \isi{monovalent} stative \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘be clean’. In ({\ref{Example_11.47}), \textitbf{kasi the morpheme ___} ‘cause to be clean’ stresses the outcome of the washing process, namely that the clothes are clean. In the elicited example in ({\ref{Example_11.48}), by contrast, \textitbf{biking the morpheme ___} ‘make clean’ focuses on the manipulation itself, which leads to the effect that the clothes are clean.
A: word: bersi	 gloss: be.clean
B: word: berdoa	 gloss: pray
C: word: tanding	 gloss: compete
D: word: kring	 gloss: be.dry
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 64:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): malam cuci pakeang ___ bersi jemur
Gloss (with missing item): night wash clothes ___ be.clean dry
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(if you have to do laundry at night time) wash (your clothes), clean (them, and hang them up) to dry’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Semantically, causatives with \textitbf{kasi} ‘give’ focus on the outcome of the causation or manipulation. Causatives with \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’, by contrast, focus on the manipulation of circumstances that ultimately leads to the caused event or effect. This is shown with the contrastive examples in ({\ref{Example_11.47}) and ({\ref{Example_11.48}) both of which are formed with \isi{monovalent} stative \textitbf{bersi} ‘be clean’. In ({\ref{Example_11.47}), \textitbf{kasi bersi} ‘cause to be clean’ stresses the outcome of the washing process, namely that the clothes are clean. In the elicited example in ({\ref{Example_11.48}), by contrast, \textitbf{the morpheme ___ bersi} ‘its gloss ___ clean’ focuses on the manipulation itself, which leads to the effect that the clothes are clean.
A: word: mungking	 gloss: maybe
B: word: taru	 gloss: put
C: word: biking	 gloss: make
D: word: jalang	 gloss: walk
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 65:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): malam cuci pakeang biking ___ jemur
Gloss (with missing item): night wash clothes make ___ dry
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(if you have to do laundry at night time) wash (your clothes), clean (them, and hang them up) to dry’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Semantically, causatives with \textitbf{kasi} ‘give’ focus on the outcome of the causation or manipulation. Causatives with \textitbf{biking} ‘make’, by contrast, focus on the manipulation of circumstances that ultimately leads to the caused event or effect. This is shown with the contrastive examples in ({\ref{Example_11.47}) and ({\ref{Example_11.48}) both of which are formed with \isi{monovalent} stative \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘be clean’. In ({\ref{Example_11.47}), \textitbf{kasi the morpheme ___} ‘cause to be clean’ stresses the outcome of the washing process, namely that the clothes are clean. In the elicited example in ({\ref{Example_11.48}), by contrast, \textitbf{biking the morpheme ___} ‘make clean’ focuses on the manipulation itself, which leads to the effect that the clothes are clean.
A: word: pusing	 gloss: be.dizzy
B: word: berdoa	 gloss: pray
C: word: bersi	 gloss: be.clean
D: word: kring	 gloss: be.dry
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 66:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): a, kam ___ sa air ka
Gloss (with missing item): ah 2PL ___ 1SG water or
The English translation of this sentence is:‘ah, you give me water, please’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The Papuan Malay verbs which express the notion of cause in syntactic \linebreak causatives, \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ and \textitbf{biking} ‘make’, are used synchronically as full transitive verbs, as shown in ({\ref{Example_11.49}) to ({\ref{Example_11.51}). Trivalent \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ exhibits dative alternation, as illustrated with the \isi{double-object} constructions in ({\ref{Example_11.49}) and the \isi{R-type oblique} construction in ({\ref{Example_11.50}) (see §\ref{Para_11.1.3} for more details on dative alternation). The transitive uses of \textitbf{biking} ‘make’ are illustrated in ({\ref{Example_11.51}).
A: word: siap	 gloss: provide
B: word: kasi–ang	 gloss: love–PAT
C: word: bunuuu	 gloss: kill
D: word: kasi	 gloss: give
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 67:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ika ___ papeda
Gloss (with missing item): Ika ___ sagu.porridge
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Ika made sagu porridge’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The Papuan Malay verbs which express the notion of cause in syntactic \linebreak causatives, \textitbf{kasi} ‘give’ and \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’, are used synchronically as full transitive verbs, as shown in ({\ref{Example_11.49}) to ({\ref{Example_11.51}). Trivalent \textitbf{kasi} ‘give’ exhibits dative alternation, as illustrated with the \isi{double-object} constructions in ({\ref{Example_11.49}) and the \isi{R-type oblique} construction in ({\ref{Example_11.50}) (see §\ref{Para_11.1.3} for more details on dative alternation). The transitive uses of \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ are illustrated in ({\ref{Example_11.51}).
A: word: tenggelam	 gloss: sink
B: word: taru	 gloss: put
C: word: biking	 gloss: make
D: word: mungking	 gloss: maybe
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 68:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): a, kam ___ sa air ka
Gloss (with missing item): ah 2PL ___ 1SG water or
The English translation of this sentence is:‘ah, you give me water, please’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The Papuan Malay verbs which express the notion of cause in syntactic \linebreak causatives, \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ and \textitbf{biking} ‘make’, are used synchronically as full transitive verbs, as shown in ({\ref{Example_11.49}) to ({\ref{Example_11.51}). Trivalent \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ exhibits dative alternation, as illustrated with the \isi{double-object} constructions in ({\ref{Example_11.49}) and the \isi{R-type oblique} construction in ({\ref{Example_11.50}) (see §\ref{Para_11.1.3} for more details on dative alternation). The transitive uses of \textitbf{biking} ‘make’ are illustrated in ({\ref{Example_11.51}).
A: word: kasi	 gloss: give
B: word: kasi–ang	 gloss: love–PAT
C: word: siap	 gloss: provide
D: word: duduk	 gloss: sit
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 69:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): de ___ sratus ribu sama Madga
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG ___ one.hundred thousand to Madga
The English translation of this sentence is:‘he gave one hundred thousand (rupiah) to Madga’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The Papuan Malay verbs which express the notion of cause in syntactic \linebreak causatives, \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ and \textitbf{biking} ‘make’, are used synchronically as full transitive verbs, as shown in ({\ref{Example_11.49}) to ({\ref{Example_11.51}). Trivalent \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ exhibits dative alternation, as illustrated with the \isi{double-object} constructions in ({\ref{Example_11.49}) and the \isi{R-type oblique} construction in ({\ref{Example_11.50}) (see §\ref{Para_11.1.3} for more details on dative alternation). The transitive uses of \textitbf{biking} ‘make’ are illustrated in ({\ref{Example_11.51}).
A: word: siap	 gloss: provide
B: word: kasi	 gloss: give
C: word: kasi–ang	 gloss: love–PAT
D: word: mara	 gloss: feel.angry(.about)
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 70:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ika ___ papeda
Gloss (with missing item): Ika ___ sagu.porridge
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Ika made sagu porridge’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The Papuan Malay verbs which express the notion of cause in syntactic \linebreak causatives, \textitbf{kasi} ‘give’ and \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’, are used synchronically as full transitive verbs, as shown in ({\ref{Example_11.49}) to ({\ref{Example_11.51}). Trivalent \textitbf{kasi} ‘give’ exhibits dative alternation, as illustrated with the \isi{double-object} constructions in ({\ref{Example_11.49}) and the \isi{R-type oblique} construction in ({\ref{Example_11.50}) (see §\ref{Para_11.1.3} for more details on dative alternation). The transitive uses of \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ are illustrated in ({\ref{Example_11.51}).
A: word: taru	 gloss: put
B: word: gugur	 gloss: fall(.prematurely)
C: word: biking	 gloss: make
D: word: mungking	 gloss: maybe
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 71:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ... mama harus ___ panjang kaki
Gloss (with missing item): ... mother have.to ___ long foot
The English translation of this sentence is:[Addressing someone with a bad knee:] ‘[you shouldn’t fold (your legs) under!,] you (‘mother’) have to stretch out (your) legs’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Cross-linguistically, in causatives with \isi{monovalent} bases, the agent of the caused event is demoted from its intransitive subject function (S) to the transitive object or \textsc{patient} (P) function, while the incoming causer takes the transitive subject or \textsc{agent} (A) function \citep[110–111]{Comrie.1989}. This strategy, which corresponds to \citegen[176]{Comrie.1989} mentioned \isi{causative} hierarchy, is also used in Papuan Malay causatives with \isi{monovalent} bases. This is illustrated with the monoclausal \isi{causative} constructions in ({\ref{Example_11.52}) to ({\ref{Example_11.59}): causatives with \isi{monovalent} non-agentive bases are presented in ({\ref{Example_11.52}) to ({\ref{Example_11.55}) and causatives with \isi{monovalent} agentive bases in ({\ref{Example_11.56}) to ({\ref{Example_11.59}). (Compare also with the biclausal \isi{causative} constructions in §\ref{Para_11.2.3}.)
A: word: kas	 gloss: give
B: word: benci	 gloss: hate
C: word: siap	 gloss: provide
D: word: kasi	 gloss: give
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 72:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ... mama harus kas ___ kaki
Gloss (with missing item): ... mother have.to give ___ foot
The English translation of this sentence is:[Addressing someone with a bad knee:] ‘[you shouldn’t fold (your legs) under!,] you (‘mother’) have to stretch out (your) legs’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Cross-linguistically, in causatives with \isi{monovalent} bases, the agent of the caused event is demoted from its intransitive subject function (S) to the transitive object or \textsc{patient} (P) function, while the incoming causer takes the transitive subject or \textsc{agent} (A) function \citep[110–111]{Comrie.1989}. This strategy, which corresponds to \citegen[176]{Comrie.1989} mentioned \isi{causative} hierarchy, is also used in Papuan Malay causatives with \isi{monovalent} bases. This is illustrated with the monoclausal \isi{causative} constructions in ({\ref{Example_11.52}) to ({\ref{Example_11.59}): causatives with \isi{monovalent} non-agentive bases are presented in ({\ref{Example_11.52}) to ({\ref{Example_11.55}) and causatives with \isi{monovalent} agentive bases in ({\ref{Example_11.56}) to ({\ref{Example_11.59}). (Compare also with the biclausal \isi{causative} constructions in §\ref{Para_11.2.3}.)
A: word: panjang	 gloss: long
B: word: alang-alang	 gloss: cogongrass
C: word: situ	 gloss: L.MED
D: word: panjang~panjang	 gloss: RDP~be.long
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 73:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kam ___ kluar Dodo dari dalam meja situ!
Gloss (with missing item): 2PL ___ go.out Dodo from inside table L.MED
The English translation of this sentence is:[About a fearful person hiding under the table:] ‘you remove Dodo / enable Dodo to get out from under the table there!’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Cross-linguistically, in causatives with \isi{monovalent} bases, the agent of the caused event is demoted from its intransitive subject function (S) to the transitive object or \textsc{patient} (P) function, while the incoming causer takes the transitive subject or \textsc{agent} (A) function \citep[110–111]{Comrie.1989}. This strategy, which corresponds to \citegen[176]{Comrie.1989} mentioned \isi{causative} hierarchy, is also used in Papuan Malay causatives with \isi{monovalent} bases. This is illustrated with the monoclausal \isi{causative} constructions in ({\ref{Example_11.52}) to ({\ref{Example_11.59}): causatives with \isi{monovalent} non-agentive bases are presented in ({\ref{Example_11.52}) to ({\ref{Example_11.55}) and causatives with \isi{monovalent} agentive bases in ({\ref{Example_11.56}) to ({\ref{Example_11.59}). (Compare also with the biclausal \isi{causative} constructions in §\ref{Para_11.2.3}.)
A: word: kas	 gloss: give
B: word: siap	 gloss: provide
C: word: kasi	 gloss: give
D: word: pótong	 gloss: cut
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 74:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kam kas ___ Dodo dari dalam meja situ!
Gloss (with missing item): 2PL give ___ Dodo from inside table L.MED
The English translation of this sentence is:[About a fearful person hiding under the table:] ‘you remove Dodo / enable Dodo to get out from under the table there!’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Cross-linguistically, in causatives with \isi{monovalent} bases, the agent of the caused event is demoted from its intransitive subject function (S) to the transitive object or \textsc{patient} (P) function, while the incoming causer takes the transitive subject or \textsc{agent} (A) function \citep[110–111]{Comrie.1989}. This strategy, which corresponds to \citegen[176]{Comrie.1989} mentioned \isi{causative} hierarchy, is also used in Papuan Malay causatives with \isi{monovalent} bases. This is illustrated with the monoclausal \isi{causative} constructions in ({\ref{Example_11.52}) to ({\ref{Example_11.59}): causatives with \isi{monovalent} non-agentive bases are presented in ({\ref{Example_11.52}) to ({\ref{Example_11.55}) and causatives with \isi{monovalent} agentive bases in ({\ref{Example_11.56}) to ({\ref{Example_11.59}). (Compare also with the biclausal \isi{causative} constructions in §\ref{Para_11.2.3}.)
A: word: kluarga	 gloss: family
B: word: panjang	 gloss: be.long
C: word: pergi	 gloss: go
D: word: kluar	 gloss: go.out
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 75:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ... mama harus ___ panjang kaki
Gloss (with missing item): ... mother have.to ___ long foot
The English translation of this sentence is:[Addressing someone with a bad knee:] ‘[you shouldn’t fold (your legs) under!,] you (‘mother’) have to stretch out (your) legs’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Cross-linguistically, in causatives with \isi{monovalent} bases, the agent of the caused event is demoted from its intransitive subject function (S) to the transitive object or \textsc{patient} (P) function, while the incoming causer takes the transitive subject or \textsc{agent} (A) function \citep[110–111]{Comrie.1989}. This strategy, which corresponds to \citegen[176]{Comrie.1989} mentioned \isi{causative} hierarchy, is also used in Papuan Malay causatives with \isi{monovalent} bases. This is illustrated with the monoclausal \isi{causative} constructions in ({\ref{Example_11.52}) to ({\ref{Example_11.59}): causatives with \isi{monovalent} non-agentive bases are presented in ({\ref{Example_11.52}) to ({\ref{Example_11.55}) and causatives with \isi{monovalent} agentive bases in ({\ref{Example_11.56}) to ({\ref{Example_11.59}). (Compare also with the biclausal \isi{causative} constructions in §\ref{Para_11.2.3}.)
A: word: kluar	 gloss: go.out
B: word: kasi	 gloss: give
C: word: kas	 gloss: give
D: word: siap	 gloss: provide
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C