cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 91:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ... tapi dong kasi bangkit dia lagi, ___ hidup dia
Gloss (with missing item): ... but 3PL give be.resurrected 3SG again ___ live 3SG
The English translation of this sentence is:[About sorcerers who can resurrect the dead:] ‘[he’s already (dead),] but they resurrect him again, make him live’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In causatives with \isi{monovalent} non-agentive bases, as in ({\ref{Example_11.52}) to ({\ref{Example_11.55}), the causer controls the event while the causee has no control. Hence, these causatives always receive a directive reading. Likewise, causatives with \isi{monovalent} agentive bases receive a directive reading when the causee is inanimate, or animate but helpless. This is the case in ({\ref{Example_11.57}) and ({\ref{Example_11.58}). When, by contrast, the causee has some level of control, as in ({\ref{Example_11.56}), the causation is less direct; hence, the \isi{causative} receives an assistive reading. Sometimes, however, the reading of a \isi{causative} is ambiguous, as in ({\ref{Example_11.59}). If the causee \textitbf{Dodo} is unconscious out of fear and thereby helpless, the \isi{causative} receives the directive reading ‘remove’. But if \textitbf{Dodo} is conscious and can move, the \isi{causative} receives the assistive reading ‘enable to come out’.
A: word: siap	 gloss: provide
B: word: kasi	 gloss: give
C: word: kasi–ang	 gloss: love–PAT
D: word: bli	 gloss: buy
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 92:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ... tapi dong kasi bangkit dia lagi, kasi ___ dia
Gloss (with missing item): ... but 3PL give be.resurrected 3SG again give ___ 3SG
The English translation of this sentence is:[About sorcerers who can resurrect the dead:] ‘[he’s already (dead),] but they resurrect him again, make him live’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In causatives with \isi{monovalent} non-agentive bases, as in ({\ref{Example_11.52}) to ({\ref{Example_11.55}), the causer controls the event while the causee has no control. Hence, these causatives always receive a directive reading. Likewise, causatives with \isi{monovalent} agentive bases receive a directive reading when the causee is inanimate, or animate but helpless. This is the case in ({\ref{Example_11.57}) and ({\ref{Example_11.58}). When, by contrast, the causee has some level of control, as in ({\ref{Example_11.56}), the causation is less direct; hence, the \isi{causative} receives an assistive reading. Sometimes, however, the reading of a \isi{causative} is ambiguous, as in ({\ref{Example_11.59}). If the causee \textitbf{Dodo} is unconscious out of fear and thereby helpless, the \isi{causative} receives the directive reading ‘remove’. But if \textitbf{Dodo} is conscious and can move, the \isi{causative} receives the assistive reading ‘enable to come out’.
A: word: baku~baku	 gloss: RDP~RECP
B: word: tinggal	 gloss: stay
C: word: hidup	 gloss: live
D: word: siduasi	 gloss: Siduas
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 93:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kam ___ kluar pasir dulu!
Gloss (with missing item): 2PL ___ go.out sand first
The English translation of this sentence is:‘you remove the sand first!’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In causatives with \isi{monovalent} non-agentive bases, as in ({\ref{Example_11.52}) to ({\ref{Example_11.55}), the causer controls the event while the causee has no control. Hence, these causatives always receive a directive reading. Likewise, causatives with \isi{monovalent} agentive bases receive a directive reading when the causee is inanimate, or animate but helpless. This is the case in ({\ref{Example_11.57}) and ({\ref{Example_11.58}). When, by contrast, the causee has some level of control, as in ({\ref{Example_11.56}), the causation is less direct; hence, the \isi{causative} receives an assistive reading. Sometimes, however, the reading of a \isi{causative} is ambiguous, as in ({\ref{Example_11.59}). If the causee \textitbf{Dodo} is unconscious out of fear and thereby helpless, the \isi{causative} receives the directive reading ‘remove’. But if \textitbf{Dodo} is conscious and can move, the \isi{causative} receives the assistive reading ‘enable to come out’.
A: word: kas	 gloss: give
B: word: kasi	 gloss: give
C: word: paling	 gloss: most
D: word: siap	 gloss: provide
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 94:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kam kas ___ pasir dulu!
Gloss (with missing item): 2PL give ___ sand first
The English translation of this sentence is:‘you remove the sand first!’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In causatives with \isi{monovalent} non-agentive bases, as in ({\ref{Example_11.52}) to ({\ref{Example_11.55}), the causer controls the event while the causee has no control. Hence, these causatives always receive a directive reading. Likewise, causatives with \isi{monovalent} agentive bases receive a directive reading when the causee is inanimate, or animate but helpless. This is the case in ({\ref{Example_11.57}) and ({\ref{Example_11.58}). When, by contrast, the causee has some level of control, as in ({\ref{Example_11.56}), the causation is less direct; hence, the \isi{causative} receives an assistive reading. Sometimes, however, the reading of a \isi{causative} is ambiguous, as in ({\ref{Example_11.59}). If the causee \textitbf{Dodo} is unconscious out of fear and thereby helpless, the \isi{causative} receives the directive reading ‘remove’. But if \textitbf{Dodo} is conscious and can move, the \isi{causative} receives the assistive reading ‘enable to come out’.
A: word: kluar	 gloss: go.out
B: word: pergi	 gloss: go
C: word: kluarga	 gloss: family
D: word: laing	 gloss: be.different
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 95:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): sa di bawa, Roni ___ duduk sa di atas
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG at bottom Roni ___ sit 1SG at top
The English translation of this sentence is:[A ten-year old boy on a truck-trip:] ‘I was down (in the cargo area, but) Roni enabled me to sit on top (of the cab)’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In causatives with \isi{monovalent} non-agentive bases, as in ({\ref{Example_11.52}) to ({\ref{Example_11.55}), the causer controls the event while the causee has no control. Hence, these causatives always receive a directive reading. Likewise, causatives with \isi{monovalent} agentive bases receive a directive reading when the causee is inanimate, or animate but helpless. This is the case in ({\ref{Example_11.57}) and ({\ref{Example_11.58}). When, by contrast, the causee has some level of control, as in ({\ref{Example_11.56}), the causation is less direct; hence, the \isi{causative} receives an assistive reading. Sometimes, however, the reading of a \isi{causative} is ambiguous, as in ({\ref{Example_11.59}). If the causee \textitbf{Dodo} is unconscious out of fear and thereby helpless, the \isi{causative} receives the directive reading ‘remove’. But if \textitbf{Dodo} is conscious and can move, the \isi{causative} receives the assistive reading ‘enable to come out’.
A: word: kas	 gloss: give
B: word: menyanyi	 gloss: sing
C: word: kasi	 gloss: give
D: word: siap	 gloss: provide
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 96:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): sa di bawa, Roni kas ___ sa di atas
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG at bottom Roni give ___ 1SG at top
The English translation of this sentence is:[A ten-year old boy on a truck-trip:] ‘I was down (in the cargo area, but) Roni enabled me to sit on top (of the cab)’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In causatives with \isi{monovalent} non-agentive bases, as in ({\ref{Example_11.52}) to ({\ref{Example_11.55}), the causer controls the event while the causee has no control. Hence, these causatives always receive a directive reading. Likewise, causatives with \isi{monovalent} agentive bases receive a directive reading when the causee is inanimate, or animate but helpless. This is the case in ({\ref{Example_11.57}) and ({\ref{Example_11.58}). When, by contrast, the causee has some level of control, as in ({\ref{Example_11.56}), the causation is less direct; hence, the \isi{causative} receives an assistive reading. Sometimes, however, the reading of a \isi{causative} is ambiguous, as in ({\ref{Example_11.59}). If the causee \textitbf{Dodo} is unconscious out of fear and thereby helpless, the \isi{causative} receives the directive reading ‘remove’. But if \textitbf{Dodo} is conscious and can move, the \isi{causative} receives the assistive reading ‘enable to come out’.
A: word: istirahat	 gloss: rest
B: word: duduk	 gloss: sit
C: word: duduk~duduk	 gloss: RDP~sit
D: word: minta~minta	 gloss: RDP~request
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 97:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kam ___ kluar Dodo dari dalam meja situ!
Gloss (with missing item): 2PL ___ go.out Dodo from inside table L.MED
The English translation of this sentence is:[About a fearful person hiding under the table:] ‘you remove Dodo / enable Dodo to get out from under the table there!’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In causatives with \isi{monovalent} non-agentive bases, as in ({\ref{Example_11.52}) to ({\ref{Example_11.55}), the causer controls the event while the causee has no control. Hence, these causatives always receive a directive reading. Likewise, causatives with \isi{monovalent} agentive bases receive a directive reading when the causee is inanimate, or animate but helpless. This is the case in ({\ref{Example_11.57}) and ({\ref{Example_11.58}). When, by contrast, the causee has some level of control, as in ({\ref{Example_11.56}), the causation is less direct; hence, the \isi{causative} receives an assistive reading. Sometimes, however, the reading of a \isi{causative} is ambiguous, as in ({\ref{Example_11.59}). If the causee \textitbf{Dodo} is unconscious out of fear and thereby helpless, the \isi{causative} receives the directive reading ‘remove’. But if \textitbf{Dodo} is conscious and can move, the \isi{causative} receives the assistive reading ‘enable to come out’.
A: word: dari	 gloss: from
B: word: siap	 gloss: provide
C: word: kas	 gloss: give
D: word: kasi	 gloss: give
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 98:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kam kas ___ Dodo dari dalam meja situ!
Gloss (with missing item): 2PL give ___ Dodo from inside table L.MED
The English translation of this sentence is:[About a fearful person hiding under the table:] ‘you remove Dodo / enable Dodo to get out from under the table there!’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In causatives with \isi{monovalent} non-agentive bases, as in ({\ref{Example_11.52}) to ({\ref{Example_11.55}), the causer controls the event while the causee has no control. Hence, these causatives always receive a directive reading. Likewise, causatives with \isi{monovalent} agentive bases receive a directive reading when the causee is inanimate, or animate but helpless. This is the case in ({\ref{Example_11.57}) and ({\ref{Example_11.58}). When, by contrast, the causee has some level of control, as in ({\ref{Example_11.56}), the causation is less direct; hence, the \isi{causative} receives an assistive reading. Sometimes, however, the reading of a \isi{causative} is ambiguous, as in ({\ref{Example_11.59}). If the causee \textitbf{Dodo} is unconscious out of fear and thereby helpless, the \isi{causative} receives the directive reading ‘remove’. But if \textitbf{Dodo} is conscious and can move, the \isi{causative} receives the assistive reading ‘enable to come out’.
A: word: kluar	 gloss: go.out
B: word: pergi	 gloss: go
C: word: sembu	 gloss: be.healed
D: word: kluarga	 gloss: family
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 99:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): saya ___ makang anjing deng papeda
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG ___ eat dog with sagu.porridge
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I fed the dogs with papeda’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Papuan Malay, however, uses a different strategy, in that all the arguments involved shift their functions. That is, the A of the caused event, or causee, is demoted to the P function. In turn, the P of the caused event is moved out of the core into an oblique slot; as an oblique, P is encoded in a \isi{prepositional phrase} introduced with \isi{comitative} \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’, with its short form \textitbf{deng} (see also §\ref{Para_10.2.1}). This is shown with the examples in ({\ref{Example_11.60}) and ({\ref{Example_11.61}).
A: word: siap	 gloss: provide
B: word: kasi	 gloss: give
C: word: kas	 gloss: give
D: word: minta	 gloss: request
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 100:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): saya kas ___ anjing deng papeda
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG give ___ dog with sagu.porridge
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I fed the dogs with papeda’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Papuan Malay, however, uses a different strategy, in that all the arguments involved shift their functions. That is, the A of the caused event, or causee, is demoted to the P function. In turn, the P of the caused event is moved out of the core into an oblique slot; as an oblique, P is encoded in a \isi{prepositional phrase} introduced with \isi{comitative} \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’, with its short form \textitbf{deng} (see also §\ref{Para_10.2.1}). This is shown with the examples in ({\ref{Example_11.60}) and ({\ref{Example_11.61}).
A: word: makang	 gloss: eat
B: word: bunu	 gloss: kill
C: word: makangang	 gloss: food
D: word: makang–ang	 gloss: eat–PAT
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 101:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): dia ___ minum kitong dengang kopi air
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG ___ drink 1PL with coffee water
The English translation of this sentence is:‘he’ll give us coffee and water to drink’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Papuan Malay, however, uses a different strategy, in that all the arguments involved shift their functions. That is, the A of the caused event, or causee, is demoted to the P function. In turn, the P of the caused event is moved out of the core into an oblique slot; as an oblique, P is encoded in a \isi{prepositional phrase} introduced with \isi{comitative} \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’, with its short form \textitbf{deng} (see also §\ref{Para_10.2.1}). This is shown with the examples in ({\ref{Example_11.60}) and ({\ref{Example_11.61}).
A: word: siap	 gloss: provide
B: word: duduk	 gloss: sit
C: word: kasi	 gloss: give
D: word: kasi–ang	 gloss: love–PAT
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 102:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): dia kasi ___ kitong dengang kopi air
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG give ___ 1PL with coffee water
The English translation of this sentence is:‘he’ll give us coffee and water to drink’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Papuan Malay, however, uses a different strategy, in that all the arguments involved shift their functions. That is, the A of the caused event, or causee, is demoted to the P function. In turn, the P of the caused event is moved out of the core into an oblique slot; as an oblique, P is encoded in a \isi{prepositional phrase} introduced with \isi{comitative} \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’, with its short form \textitbf{deng} (see also §\ref{Para_10.2.1}). This is shown with the examples in ({\ref{Example_11.60}) and ({\ref{Example_11.61}).
A: word: minum	 gloss: drink
B: word: minum~minum	 gloss: RDP~drink
C: word: bersi	 gloss: be.clean
D: word: mangkok	 gloss: cup
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 103:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): saya ___ makang anjing deng papeda
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG ___ eat dog with sagu.porridge
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I fed the dogs with papeda’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In ({\ref{Example_11.60}), for instance, the original A, or causee, \textitbf{anjing} ‘dog’, is demoted to the P function and juxtaposed to the V\textsubscript{1}V\textsubscript{2} construction. Semantically, the causee becomes the theme argument of the \isi{causative} expression \textitbf{the morpheme ___ makang} ‘its gloss ___ to eat’. With the P slot being taken, the original P \textitbf{papeda} ‘sagu porridge’ is moved out of the core into an oblique slot.
A: word: siap	 gloss: provide
B: word: pukul	 gloss: hit
C: word: kas	 gloss: give
D: word: kasi	 gloss: give
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 104:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): saya kas ___ anjing deng papeda
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG give ___ dog with sagu.porridge
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I fed the dogs with papeda’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In ({\ref{Example_11.60}), for instance, the original A, or causee, \textitbf{anjing} ‘dog’, is demoted to the P function and juxtaposed to the V\textsubscript{1}V\textsubscript{2} construction. Semantically, the causee becomes the theme argument of the \isi{causative} expression \textitbf{kas the morpheme ___} ‘give to its gloss ___’. With the P slot being taken, the original P \textitbf{papeda} ‘sagu porridge’ is moved out of the core into an oblique slot.
A: word: tanding	 gloss: compete
B: word: makang–ang	 gloss: eat–PAT
C: word: makang	 gloss: eat
D: word: makangang	 gloss: food
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C