cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 105:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): saya ___ makang anjing deng papeda
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG ___ eat dog with sagu.porridge
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I fed the dogs with papeda’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In the attested causatives with \isi{bivalent} bases, the causees are able to control their own actions. Therefore, \textitbf{the morpheme ___i} ‘its gloss ___’ receives an assistive or cooperative reading, as in ({\ref{Example_11.60}) and ({\ref{Example_11.61}). Causative with \isi{bivalent} bases and inanimate, or animate but helpless referents are unattested.
A: word: kas	 gloss: give
B: word: saya	 gloss: 1SG
C: word: kasi	 gloss: give
D: word: siap	 gloss: provide
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 106:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): saya kas ___ anjing deng papeda
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG give ___ dog with sagu.porridge
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I fed the dogs with papeda’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In the attested causatives with \isi{bivalent} bases, the causees are able to control their own actions. Therefore, \textitbf{kasi} ‘give’ receives an assistive or cooperative reading, as in ({\ref{Example_11.60}) and ({\ref{Example_11.61}). Causative with \isi{bivalent} bases and inanimate, or animate but helpless referents are unattested.
A: word: jalang	 gloss: walk
B: word: makangang	 gloss: food
C: word: makang–ang	 gloss: eat–PAT
D: word: makang	 gloss: eat
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 107:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): dia ___ minum kitong dengang kopi air
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG ___ drink 1PL with coffee water
The English translation of this sentence is:‘he’ll give us coffee and water to drink’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In the attested causatives with \isi{bivalent} bases, the causees are able to control their own actions. Therefore, \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ receives an assistive or cooperative reading, as in ({\ref{Example_11.60}) and ({\ref{Example_11.61}). Causative with \isi{bivalent} bases and inanimate, or animate but helpless referents are unattested.
A: word: siap	 gloss: provide
B: word: kasi	 gloss: give
C: word: mati	 gloss: die
D: word: kasi–ang	 gloss: love–PAT
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 108:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): dia kasi ___ kitong dengang kopi air
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG give ___ 1PL with coffee water
The English translation of this sentence is:‘he’ll give us coffee and water to drink’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In the attested causatives with \isi{bivalent} bases, the causees are able to control their own actions. Therefore, \textitbf{kasi} ‘give’ receives an assistive or cooperative reading, as in ({\ref{Example_11.60}) and ({\ref{Example_11.61}). Causative with \isi{bivalent} bases and inanimate, or animate but helpless referents are unattested.
A: word: mangkok	 gloss: cup
B: word: kluar	 gloss: go.out
C: word: minum~minum	 gloss: RDP~drink
D: word: minum	 gloss: drink
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 109:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ana~ana ___ pusing mama
Gloss (with missing item): RDP~child ___ be.dizzy mother
The English translation of this sentence is:‘the kids worry (their mother)’ (Lit. ‘make to be dizzy / confused’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As a \isi{causative}, \isi{bivalent} \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ is used with \isi{monovalent} bases. Semantically, this \isi{causative} type stresses the causer’s manipulation of circumstances, which leads to the caused event or effect. That is, \textitbf{the morpheme ___}{}-causatives are causer-controlled, with the causee having no control. Therefore, causatives with \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ are formed with \isi{monovalent} non-agentive bases, or with \isi{monovalent} agentive bases with inanimate or with animate but helpless causees. This is shown in ({\ref{Example_11.62}) to ({\ref{Example_11.67}). Overall, though, \textitbf{the morpheme ___}{}-causatives are rare in the corpus.
A: word: biking	 gloss: make
B: word: mungking	 gloss: maybe
C: word: laing	 gloss: be.different
D: word: taru	 gloss: put
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 110:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ana~ana biking ___ mama
Gloss (with missing item): RDP~child make ___ mother
The English translation of this sentence is:‘the kids worry (their mother)’ (Lit. ‘make to be dizzy / confused’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As a \isi{causative}, \isi{bivalent} \textitbf{biking} ‘make’ is used with \isi{monovalent} bases. Semantically, this \isi{causative} type stresses the causer’s manipulation of circumstances, which leads to the caused event or effect. That is, \textitbf{biking}{}-causatives are causer-controlled, with the causee having no control. Therefore, causatives with \textitbf{biking} ‘make’ are formed with \isi{monovalent} non-agentive bases, or with \isi{monovalent} agentive bases with inanimate or with animate but helpless causees. This is shown in ({\ref{Example_11.62}) to ({\ref{Example_11.67}). Overall, though, \textitbf{biking}{}-causatives are rare in the corpus.
A: word: sakit	 gloss: be.sick
B: word: baku~baku	 gloss: RDP~RECP
C: word: singkong	 gloss: cassava
D: word: pusing	 gloss: be.dizzy
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 111:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ana~ana ___ pusing mama
Gloss (with missing item): RDP~child ___ be.dizzy mother
The English translation of this sentence is:‘the kids worry (their mother)’ (Lit. ‘make to be dizzy / confused’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{causative} in ({\ref{Example_11.62}), for example, is formed with non-agentive stative \textitbf{pusing} ‘be dizzy, be confused’. The use of \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ stresses the manipulating behavior of the causer \textitbf{ana{\Tilde}ana} ‘children’ which leads to the effect \textitbf{pusing} ‘be worried’; the causee \textitbf{mama} ‘mother’ has no control. The elicited examples in ({\ref{Example_11.63}) and ({\ref{Example_11.64}) contrast with the corresponding \textitbf{kasi}{}-causatives in ({\ref{Example_11.54}) and ({\ref{Example_11.55}). They show that \textitbf{the morpheme ___}{}-causatives are also formed with \isi{monovalent} non-agentive dynamic bases, such as \textitbf{gugur} ‘abort’ or \textitbf{tenggelam} ‘sink’, respectively. Again, the manipulation itself is stressed. The base can also be agentive dynamic if the causee is animate but helpless. This is illustrated with the elicited example in ({\ref{Example_11.65}), which contrasts with the corresponding \textitbf{kasi}{}-\isi{causative} in ({\ref{Example_11.57}). The base is agentive dynamic \textitbf{hidup} ‘live’ but the animate causee is helpless and therefore has no control.
A: word: taru	 gloss: put
B: word: mungking	 gloss: maybe
C: word: biking	 gloss: make
D: word: kepiting	 gloss: crab
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 112:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ana~ana biking ___ mama
Gloss (with missing item): RDP~child make ___ mother
The English translation of this sentence is:‘the kids worry (their mother)’ (Lit. ‘make to be dizzy / confused’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{causative} in ({\ref{Example_11.62}), for example, is formed with non-agentive stative \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘be dizzy, be confused’. The use of \textitbf{biking} ‘make’ stresses the manipulating behavior of the causer \textitbf{ana{\Tilde}ana} ‘children’ which leads to the effect \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘be worried’; the causee \textitbf{mama} ‘mother’ has no control. The elicited examples in ({\ref{Example_11.63}) and ({\ref{Example_11.64}) contrast with the corresponding \textitbf{kasi}{}-causatives in ({\ref{Example_11.54}) and ({\ref{Example_11.55}). They show that \textitbf{biking}{}-causatives are also formed with \isi{monovalent} non-agentive dynamic bases, such as \textitbf{gugur} ‘abort’ or \textitbf{tenggelam} ‘sink’, respectively. Again, the manipulation itself is stressed. The base can also be agentive dynamic if the causee is animate but helpless. This is illustrated with the elicited example in ({\ref{Example_11.65}), which contrasts with the corresponding \textitbf{kasi}{}-\isi{causative} in ({\ref{Example_11.57}). The base is agentive dynamic \textitbf{hidup} ‘live’ but the animate causee is helpless and therefore has no control.
A: word: ketang	 gloss: crab
B: word: pusing	 gloss: be.dizzy
C: word: singkong	 gloss: cassava
D: word: sakit	 gloss: be.sick
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 113:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): perna dia punya pikirang untuk de mo ___ gugur
Gloss (with missing item): ever 3SG have thought for 3SG want ___ fall(.prematurely)
The English translation of this sentence is:‘once she had the thought that she wanted to abort (the child)’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{causative} in ({\ref{Example_11.62}), for example, is formed with non-agentive stative \textitbf{pusing} ‘be dizzy, be confused’. The use of \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ stresses the manipulating behavior of the causer \textitbf{ana{\Tilde}ana} ‘children’ which leads to the effect \textitbf{pusing} ‘be worried’; the causee \textitbf{mama} ‘mother’ has no control. The elicited examples in ({\ref{Example_11.63}) and ({\ref{Example_11.64}) contrast with the corresponding \textitbf{kasi}{}-causatives in ({\ref{Example_11.54}) and ({\ref{Example_11.55}). They show that \textitbf{the morpheme ___}{}-causatives are also formed with \isi{monovalent} non-agentive dynamic bases, such as \textitbf{gugur} ‘abort’ or \textitbf{tenggelam} ‘sink’, respectively. Again, the manipulation itself is stressed. The base can also be agentive dynamic if the causee is animate but helpless. This is illustrated with the elicited example in ({\ref{Example_11.65}), which contrasts with the corresponding \textitbf{kasi}{}-\isi{causative} in ({\ref{Example_11.57}). The base is agentive dynamic \textitbf{hidup} ‘live’ but the animate causee is helpless and therefore has no control.
A: word: taru	 gloss: put
B: word: mungking	 gloss: maybe
C: word: biking	 gloss: make
D: word: tebang	 gloss: fell
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 114:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): perna dia punya pikirang untuk de mo biking ___
Gloss (with missing item): ever 3SG have thought for 3SG want make ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘once she had the thought that she wanted to abort (the child)’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{causative} in ({\ref{Example_11.62}), for example, is formed with non-agentive stative \textitbf{pusing} ‘be dizzy, be confused’. The use of \textitbf{biking} ‘make’ stresses the manipulating behavior of the causer \textitbf{ana{\Tilde}ana} ‘children’ which leads to the effect \textitbf{pusing} ‘be worried’; the causee \textitbf{mama} ‘mother’ has no control. The elicited examples in ({\ref{Example_11.63}) and ({\ref{Example_11.64}) contrast with the corresponding \textitbf{kasi}{}-causatives in ({\ref{Example_11.54}) and ({\ref{Example_11.55}). They show that \textitbf{biking}{}-causatives are also formed with \isi{monovalent} non-agentive dynamic bases, such as \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘abort’ or \textitbf{tenggelam} ‘sink’, respectively. Again, the manipulation itself is stressed. The base can also be agentive dynamic if the causee is animate but helpless. This is illustrated with the elicited example in ({\ref{Example_11.65}), which contrasts with the corresponding \textitbf{kasi}{}-\isi{causative} in ({\ref{Example_11.57}). The base is agentive dynamic \textitbf{hidup} ‘live’ but the animate causee is helpless and therefore has no control.
A: word: gugur	 gloss: fall(.prematurely)
B: word: pótong	 gloss: cut
C: word: jatu	 gloss: fall
D: word: tugu	 gloss: monument
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 115:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): banyak mati di lautang, ___ tenggelam
Gloss (with missing item): many die at ocean ___ sink
The English translation of this sentence is:[About people in a container who died in the ocean:] ‘many died in the (open) ocean, (the murderers) sank (the containers)’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{causative} in ({\ref{Example_11.62}), for example, is formed with non-agentive stative \textitbf{pusing} ‘be dizzy, be confused’. The use of \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ stresses the manipulating behavior of the causer \textitbf{ana{\Tilde}ana} ‘children’ which leads to the effect \textitbf{pusing} ‘be worried’; the causee \textitbf{mama} ‘mother’ has no control. The elicited examples in ({\ref{Example_11.63}) and ({\ref{Example_11.64}) contrast with the corresponding \textitbf{kasi}{}-causatives in ({\ref{Example_11.54}) and ({\ref{Example_11.55}). They show that \textitbf{the morpheme ___}{}-causatives are also formed with \isi{monovalent} non-agentive dynamic bases, such as \textitbf{gugur} ‘abort’ or \textitbf{tenggelam} ‘sink’, respectively. Again, the manipulation itself is stressed. The base can also be agentive dynamic if the causee is animate but helpless. This is illustrated with the elicited example in ({\ref{Example_11.65}), which contrasts with the corresponding \textitbf{kasi}{}-\isi{causative} in ({\ref{Example_11.57}). The base is agentive dynamic \textitbf{hidup} ‘live’ but the animate causee is helpless and therefore has no control.
A: word: biking	 gloss: make
B: word: taru	 gloss: put
C: word: mungking	 gloss: maybe
D: word: bawa	 gloss: bring
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 116:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): banyak mati di lautang, biking ___
Gloss (with missing item): many die at ocean make ___
The English translation of this sentence is:[About people in a container who died in the ocean:] ‘many died in the (open) ocean, (the murderers) sank (the containers)’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{causative} in ({\ref{Example_11.62}), for example, is formed with non-agentive stative \textitbf{pusing} ‘be dizzy, be confused’. The use of \textitbf{biking} ‘make’ stresses the manipulating behavior of the causer \textitbf{ana{\Tilde}ana} ‘children’ which leads to the effect \textitbf{pusing} ‘be worried’; the causee \textitbf{mama} ‘mother’ has no control. The elicited examples in ({\ref{Example_11.63}) and ({\ref{Example_11.64}) contrast with the corresponding \textitbf{kasi}{}-causatives in ({\ref{Example_11.54}) and ({\ref{Example_11.55}). They show that \textitbf{biking}{}-causatives are also formed with \isi{monovalent} non-agentive dynamic bases, such as \textitbf{gugur} ‘abort’ or \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’, respectively. Again, the manipulation itself is stressed. The base can also be agentive dynamic if the causee is animate but helpless. This is illustrated with the elicited example in ({\ref{Example_11.65}), which contrasts with the corresponding \textitbf{kasi}{}-\isi{causative} in ({\ref{Example_11.57}). The base is agentive dynamic \textitbf{hidup} ‘live’ but the animate causee is helpless and therefore has no control.
A: word: tenggelam	 gloss: sink
B: word: cuci	 gloss: wash
C: word: paling	 gloss: most
D: word: senggi	 gloss: Senggi
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 117:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): perna dia {punya} pikirang untuk de mo ___ gugur Ø
Gloss (with missing item): ever 3SG have thought for 3SG want ___ fall(.prematurely) ...
The English translation of this sentence is:‘once she had the thought that she wanted to abort (the child)’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{causative} in ({\ref{Example_11.62}), for example, is formed with non-agentive stative \textitbf{pusing} ‘be dizzy, be confused’. The use of \textitbf{biking} ‘make’ stresses the manipulating behavior of the causer \textitbf{ana{\Tilde}ana} ‘children’ which leads to the effect \textitbf{pusing} ‘be worried’; the causee \textitbf{mama} ‘mother’ has no control. The elicited examples in ({\ref{Example_11.63}) and ({\ref{Example_11.64}) contrast with the corresponding \textitbf{the morpheme ___}{}-causatives in ({\ref{Example_11.54}) and ({\ref{Example_11.55}). They show that \textitbf{biking}{}-causatives are also formed with \isi{monovalent} non-agentive dynamic bases, such as \textitbf{gugur} ‘abort’ or \textitbf{tenggelam} ‘sink’, respectively. Again, the manipulation itself is stressed. The base can also be agentive dynamic if the causee is animate but helpless. This is illustrated with the elicited example in ({\ref{Example_11.65}), which contrasts with the corresponding \textitbf{the morpheme ___}{}-\isi{causative} in ({\ref{Example_11.57}). The base is agentive dynamic \textitbf{hidup} ‘live’ but the animate causee is helpless and therefore has no control.
A: word: kasi	 gloss: give
B: word: ada	 gloss: exist
C: word: siap	 gloss: provide
D: word: kasi–ang	 gloss: love–PAT
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A