cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 110:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Roni masi deng de pu ___
Gloss (with missing item): Roni still with 3SG POSS ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Roni is still with his friends’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The associates introduced with \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’ are most commonly animate human as in \textitbf{deng mama-tua} ‘with aunt’ in (\ref{Example_10.32}), \textitbf{deng de pu temang{\Tilde}temang} ‘with his friends’ in (\ref{Example_10.33}), or in \textitbf{deng kamu} ‘with you’ in (\ref{Example_10.34}). These examples also show that the complements of \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’ can be nouns or personal pronouns. Besides animate associates, \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’ also introduces inanimate associates, as in \textitbf{deng motor} ‘with (his) motorbike’ in (\ref{Example_10.35}), or in \textitbf{deng} \textitbf{itu} ‘with those (spices)’ in (\ref{Example_10.36}). The associates introduced with \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’ are either encoded in peripheral adjuncts as in (\ref{Example_10.32}), or (\ref{Example_10.34}) to (\ref{Example_10.36}), or in nonverbal predicates as in (\ref{Example_10.33}). The example in (\ref{Example_10.33}) also illustrates that prepositional phrases functioning as nonverbal predicates can be modified by adverbs, such as prospective \textitbf{masi} ‘still’; such \isi{modification} is unattested for prepositional phrases having other functions.
A: word: burung	 gloss: bird
B: word: temang	 gloss: friend
C: word: temang~temang	 gloss: RDP~friend
D: word: orang~orang	 gloss: RDP~person
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 111:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): bapa de pukul sa ___ pisow
Gloss (with missing item): father 3SG hit 1SG ___ knife
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(my) husband stabbed me with a knife’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Instruments introduced its gloss ___ \isi{comitative} \textitbf{the morpheme ___ang} ‘its gloss ___’ are expressed in peripheral adjuncts as in \textitbf{the morpheme ___ pisow} ‘its gloss ___ a knife’ in (\ref{Example_10.37}).
A: word: dang	 gloss: and
B: word: dengang	 gloss: with
C: word: kapal	 gloss: ship
D: word: deng	 gloss: with
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 112:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): bapa de pukul sa deng ___
Gloss (with missing item): father 3SG hit 1SG with ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(my) husband stabbed me with a knife’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Instruments introduced with \isi{comitative} \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’ are expressed in peripheral adjuncts as in \textitbf{deng the morpheme ___} ‘with a its gloss ___’ in (\ref{Example_10.37}).
A: word: baju	 gloss: shirt
B: word: potong	 gloss: cut
C: word: pisow	 gloss: knife
D: word: pis	 gloss: please[E]
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 113:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kalo saya mara ___ orang begitu sa takut
Gloss (with missing item): if 1SG feel.angry(.about) ___ person like.that 1SG feel.afraid(.of)
The English translation of this sentence is:‘if I was angry with someone like that I’d feel afraid’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition, \isi{comitative} \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ introduces oblique arguments for mental verbs such as \textitbf{mara} ‘feel angry (about)’ in (\ref{Example_10.38}), \textitbf{takut} ‘feel afraid (of)’ in (\ref{Example_10.39}), or \textitbf{perlu} ‘need’ in (\ref{Example_10.40}).\footnote{Bivalent verbs such as \textitbf{mara} ‘feel angry (about)’ or \textitbf{takut} ‘feel afraid (of)’ do not require but allow two syntactic arguments (see §\ref{Para_5.3.1} and §\ref{Para_11.1}). That is, speakers quite commonly encode patients, such as \textitbf{orang} in (\ref{Example_10.38}) or \textitbf{setang} ‘evil spirit’ in (\ref{Example_10.39}), as oblique arguments rather than as direct objects.}
A: word: jangang	 gloss: NEG.IMP
B: word: dengang	 gloss: with
C: word: dang	 gloss: and
D: word: pak	 gloss: bang!
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 114:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kalo saya mara dengang ___ begitu sa takut
Gloss (with missing item): if 1SG feel.angry(.about) with ___ like.that 1SG feel.afraid(.of)
The English translation of this sentence is:‘if I was angry with someone like that I’d feel afraid’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition, \isi{comitative} \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’ introduces oblique arguments for mental verbs such as \textitbf{mara} ‘feel angry (about)’ in (\ref{Example_10.38}), \textitbf{takut} ‘feel afraid (of)’ in (\ref{Example_10.39}), or \textitbf{perlu} ‘need’ in (\ref{Example_10.40}).\footnote{Bivalent verbs such as \textitbf{mara} ‘feel angry (about)’ or \textitbf{takut} ‘feel afraid (of)’ do not require but allow two syntactic arguments (see §\ref{Para_5.3.1} and §\ref{Para_11.1}). That is, speakers quite commonly encode patients, such as \textitbf{the morpheme ___} in (\ref{Example_10.38}) or \textitbf{setang} ‘evil spirit’ in (\ref{Example_10.39}), as oblique arguments rather than as direct objects.}
A: word: dorang	 gloss: 3PL
B: word: besok	 gloss: tomorrow
C: word: manusia	 gloss: human.being
D: word: orang	 gloss: person
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 115:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): adu, kang dong terlalu takut ___ setang
Gloss (with missing item): oh.no! you.know 3PL too feel.afraid(.of) ___ evil.spirit
The English translation of this sentence is:‘oh no!, you know, they feel too afraid of evil spirits’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition, \isi{comitative} \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ introduces oblique arguments for mental verbs such as \textitbf{mara} ‘feel angry (about)’ in (\ref{Example_10.38}), \textitbf{takut} ‘feel afraid (of)’ in (\ref{Example_10.39}), or \textitbf{perlu} ‘need’ in (\ref{Example_10.40}).\footnote{Bivalent verbs such as \textitbf{mara} ‘feel angry (about)’ or \textitbf{takut} ‘feel afraid (of)’ do not require but allow two syntactic arguments (see §\ref{Para_5.3.1} and §\ref{Para_11.1}). That is, speakers quite commonly encode patients, such as \textitbf{orang} in (\ref{Example_10.38}) or \textitbf{setang} ‘evil spirit’ in (\ref{Example_10.39}), as oblique arguments rather than as direct objects.}
A: word: ana~ana	 gloss: RDP~child
B: word: dang	 gloss: and
C: word: jangang	 gloss: NEG.IMP
D: word: dengang	 gloss: with
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 116:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): adu, kang dong terlalu takut dengang ___
Gloss (with missing item): oh.no! you.know 3PL too feel.afraid(.of) with ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘oh no!, you know, they feel too afraid of evil spirits’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition, \isi{comitative} \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’ introduces oblique arguments for mental verbs such as \textitbf{mara} ‘feel angry (about)’ in (\ref{Example_10.38}), \textitbf{takut} ‘feel afraid (of)’ in (\ref{Example_10.39}), or \textitbf{perlu} ‘need’ in (\ref{Example_10.40}).\footnote{Bivalent verbs such as \textitbf{mara} ‘feel angry (about)’ or \textitbf{takut} ‘feel afraid (of)’ do not require but allow two syntactic arguments (see §\ref{Para_5.3.1} and §\ref{Para_11.1}). That is, speakers quite commonly encode patients, such as \textitbf{orang} in (\ref{Example_10.38}) or \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘evil spirit’ in (\ref{Example_10.39}), as oblique arguments rather than as direct objects.}
A: word: ketang	 gloss: crab
B: word: mama-ade	 gloss: aunt
C: word: setang	 gloss: evil.spirit
D: word: swanggi	 gloss: nocturnal.evil.spirit
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 117:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mama-ade sa perlu ___ mama-ade
Gloss (with missing item): aunt 1SG need ___ aunt
The English translation of this sentence is:‘aunt, I need you (‘aunt’)’ (Lit. ‘need with aunt’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition, \isi{comitative} \textitbf{the morpheme ___ang} ‘its gloss ___’ introduces oblique arguments for mental verbs such as \textitbf{mara} ‘feel angry (about)’ in (\ref{Example_10.38}), \textitbf{takut} ‘feel afraid (of)’ in (\ref{Example_10.39}), or \textitbf{perlu} ‘need’ in (\ref{Example_10.40}).\footnote{Bivalent verbs such as \textitbf{mara} ‘feel angry (about)’ or \textitbf{takut} ‘feel afraid (of)’ do not require but allow two syntactic arguments (see §\ref{Para_5.3.1} and §\ref{Para_11.1}). That is, speakers quite commonly encode patients, such as \textitbf{orang} in (\ref{Example_10.38}) or \textitbf{setang} ‘evil spirit’ in (\ref{Example_10.39}), as oblique arguments rather than as direct objects.}
A: word: deng	 gloss: with
B: word: buat	 gloss: for
C: word: dang	 gloss: and
D: word: dengang	 gloss: with
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 118:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mama-ade sa perlu deng ___
Gloss (with missing item): aunt 1SG need with ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘aunt, I need you (‘aunt’)’ (Lit. ‘need with aunt’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition, \isi{comitative} \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’ introduces oblique arguments for mental verbs such as \textitbf{mara} ‘feel angry (about)’ in (\ref{Example_10.38}), \textitbf{takut} ‘feel afraid (of)’ in (\ref{Example_10.39}), or \textitbf{perlu} ‘need’ in (\ref{Example_10.40}).\footnote{Bivalent verbs such as \textitbf{mara} ‘feel angry (about)’ or \textitbf{takut} ‘feel afraid (of)’ do not require but allow two syntactic arguments (see §\ref{Para_5.3.1} and §\ref{Para_11.1}). That is, speakers quite commonly encode patients, such as \textitbf{orang} in (\ref{Example_10.38}) or \textitbf{setang} ‘evil spirit’ in (\ref{Example_10.39}), as oblique arguments rather than as direct objects.}
A: word: deng	 gloss: with
B: word: nene	 gloss: grandmother
C: word: mama-tua	 gloss: aunt
D: word: mama-ade	 gloss: aunt
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 119:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kalo saya mara ___ orang begitu sa takut
Gloss (with missing item): if 1SG feel.angry(.about) ___ person like.that 1SG feel.afraid(.of)
The English translation of this sentence is:‘if I was angry with someone like that I’d feel afraid’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition, \isi{comitative} \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ introduces oblique arguments for mental verbs such as \textitbf{mara} ‘feel angry (about)’ in (\ref{Example_10.38}), \textitbf{takut} ‘feel afraid (of)’ in (\ref{Example_10.39}), or \textitbf{perlu} ‘need’ in (\ref{Example_10.40}).\footnote{Bivalent verbs such as \textitbf{mara} ‘feel angry (about)’ or \textitbf{takut} ‘feel afraid (of)’ do not require but allow two syntactic arguments (see §\ref{Para_5.3.1} and §\ref{Para_11.1}). That is, speakers quite commonly encode patients, such as \textitbf{orang} in (\ref{Example_10.38}) or \textitbf{setang} ‘evil spirit’ in (\ref{Example_10.39}), as oblique arguments rather than as direct objects.}
A: word: jangang	 gloss: NEG.IMP
B: word: dang	 gloss: and
C: word: bawa	 gloss: bring
D: word: dengang	 gloss: with
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 120:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kalo saya mara dengang ___ begitu sa takut
Gloss (with missing item): if 1SG feel.angry(.about) with ___ like.that 1SG feel.afraid(.of)
The English translation of this sentence is:‘if I was angry with someone like that I’d feel afraid’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition, \isi{comitative} \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’ introduces oblique arguments for mental verbs such as \textitbf{mara} ‘feel angry (about)’ in (\ref{Example_10.38}), \textitbf{takut} ‘feel afraid (of)’ in (\ref{Example_10.39}), or \textitbf{perlu} ‘need’ in (\ref{Example_10.40}).\footnote{Bivalent verbs such as \textitbf{mara} ‘feel angry (about)’ or \textitbf{takut} ‘feel afraid (of)’ do not require but allow two syntactic arguments (see §\ref{Para_5.3.1} and §\ref{Para_11.1}). That is, speakers quite commonly encode patients, such as \textitbf{the morpheme ___} in (\ref{Example_10.38}) or \textitbf{setang} ‘evil spirit’ in (\ref{Example_10.39}), as oblique arguments rather than as direct objects.}
A: word: pak	 gloss: bang!
B: word: orang	 gloss: person
C: word: dorang	 gloss: 3PL
D: word: manusia	 gloss: human.being
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 121:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): adu, kang dong terlalu takut ___ setang
Gloss (with missing item): oh.no! you.know 3PL too feel.afraid(.of) ___ evil.spirit
The English translation of this sentence is:‘oh no!, you know, they feel too afraid of evil spirits’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition, \isi{comitative} \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ introduces oblique arguments for mental verbs such as \textitbf{mara} ‘feel angry (about)’ in (\ref{Example_10.38}), \textitbf{takut} ‘feel afraid (of)’ in (\ref{Example_10.39}), or \textitbf{perlu} ‘need’ in (\ref{Example_10.40}).\footnote{Bivalent verbs such as \textitbf{mara} ‘feel angry (about)’ or \textitbf{takut} ‘feel afraid (of)’ do not require but allow two syntactic arguments (see §\ref{Para_5.3.1} and §\ref{Para_11.1}). That is, speakers quite commonly encode patients, such as \textitbf{orang} in (\ref{Example_10.38}) or \textitbf{setang} ‘evil spirit’ in (\ref{Example_10.39}), as oblique arguments rather than as direct objects.}
A: word: bawa	 gloss: bring
B: word: jangang	 gloss: NEG.IMP
C: word: dang	 gloss: and
D: word: dengang	 gloss: with
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 122:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): adu, kang dong terlalu takut dengang ___
Gloss (with missing item): oh.no! you.know 3PL too feel.afraid(.of) with ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘oh no!, you know, they feel too afraid of evil spirits’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition, \isi{comitative} \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’ introduces oblique arguments for mental verbs such as \textitbf{mara} ‘feel angry (about)’ in (\ref{Example_10.38}), \textitbf{takut} ‘feel afraid (of)’ in (\ref{Example_10.39}), or \textitbf{perlu} ‘need’ in (\ref{Example_10.40}).\footnote{Bivalent verbs such as \textitbf{mara} ‘feel angry (about)’ or \textitbf{takut} ‘feel afraid (of)’ do not require but allow two syntactic arguments (see §\ref{Para_5.3.1} and §\ref{Para_11.1}). That is, speakers quite commonly encode patients, such as \textitbf{orang} in (\ref{Example_10.38}) or \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘evil spirit’ in (\ref{Example_10.39}), as oblique arguments rather than as direct objects.}
A: word: setang	 gloss: evil.spirit
B: word: ketang	 gloss: crab
C: word: buat	 gloss: for
D: word: swanggi	 gloss: nocturnal.evil.spirit
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 123:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): de sombong sama ___ ko
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG be.arrogant same ___ 2SG
The English translation of this sentence is:‘she’ll be as arrogant as you (are)’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Comitative \textitbf{the morpheme ___ang} ‘its gloss ___’ is also used in comparative constructions. As the mark of comparison, \textitbf{the morpheme ___ang} ‘its gloss ___’ introduces the standard of comparison in \isi{identity-marking} constructions. In (\ref{Example_10.41}), for example, \textitbf{the morpheme ___ang} ‘its gloss ___’ serves as the mark in a \isi{similarity} construction, while in (\ref{Example_10.42}) it is the mark in a dis\isi{similarity} construction (for more details on comparative constructions, see §\ref{Para_11.5}).
A: word: deng	 gloss: with
B: word: dengang	 gloss: with
C: word: dang	 gloss: and
D: word: tempat	 gloss: place
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 124:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): de sombong sama deng ___
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG be.arrogant same with ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘she’ll be as arrogant as you (are)’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Comitative \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’ is also used in comparative constructions. As the mark of comparison, \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’ introduces the standard of comparison in \isi{identity-marking} constructions. In (\ref{Example_10.41}), for example, \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’ serves as the mark in a \isi{similarity} construction, while in (\ref{Example_10.42}) it is the mark in a dis\isi{similarity} construction (for more details on comparative constructions, see §\ref{Para_11.5}).
A: word: ko	 gloss: 2SG
B: word: kusus	 gloss: be.special
C: word: skola	 gloss: go.to.school
D: word: kitorang	 gloss: 1PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A