cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 0:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): [de] ___ [piring kusus]
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG ___ plate be.special
The English translation of this sentence is:Predicative reading: ‘he/she has special plates’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sometimes, however, it is ambiguous whether the \textitbf{the morpheme ___} construction should receive a predicative reading as in (\ref{Example_9.4a}) or an adnominal interpretation as in (\ref{Example_9.4b}), as there is no difference in intonation or stress between the utterances.
A: word: punya	 gloss: have/POSS
B: word: makang	 gloss: eat
C: word: tanya	 gloss: ask
D: word: pecek	 gloss: mud
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 1:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ punya piring] [kusus]
Gloss (with missing item): ___ have/POSS plate be.special
The English translation of this sentence is:Adnominal reading: ‘his/her plates are special’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sometimes, however, it is ambiguous whether the \textitbf{punya} construction should receive a predicative reading as in (\ref{Example_9.4a}) or an adnominal interpretation as in (\ref{Example_9.4b}), as there is no difference in intonation or stress between the utterances.
A: word: dei	 gloss: 3sg
B: word: deng	 gloss: with
C: word: de	 gloss: 3SG
D: word: luisa	 gloss: Luisa
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 2:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): [de ___ piring] [kusus]
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG ___ plate be.special
The English translation of this sentence is:Adnominal reading: ‘his/her plates are special’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sometimes, however, it is ambiguous whether the \textitbf{the morpheme ___} construction should receive a predicative reading as in (\ref{Example_9.4a}) or an adnominal interpretation as in (\ref{Example_9.4b}), as there is no difference in intonation or stress between the utterances.
A: word: tanya	 gloss: ask
B: word: glang	 gloss: bracelet
C: word: punya	 gloss: have/POSS
D: word: piring	 gloss: plate
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 3:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): [de punya ___ [kusus]
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG have/POSS ___ be.special
The English translation of this sentence is:Adnominal reading: ‘his/her plates are special’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sometimes, however, it is ambiguous whether the \textitbf{punya} construction should receive a predicative reading as in (\ref{Example_9.4a}) or an adnominal interpretation as in (\ref{Example_9.4b}), as there is no difference in intonation or stress between the utterances.
A: word: piring~piring	 gloss: RDP~plate
B: word: piring	 gloss: plate
C: word: papua	 gloss: Papua
D: word: malam	 gloss: night
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 4:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ / dorang pu ruma ada di situ
Gloss (with missing item): ___ / 3PL POSS house exist at L.MED
The English translation of this sentence is:‘our/their house is over there’ [Elicited BR111020-001.002-003] \z
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: With respect to the possessive marking of personal pronouns, there are no prosodic restrictions on the use of the two possessive marker forms: either can occur with the long and the short \isi{pronoun} forms, as illustrated in Table \ref{Table_9.2} and Table \ref{Table_9.2a}.\footnote{In the corpus there are only two unattested combinations, namely the marking with short \textitbf{pu} ‘\textsc{poss}’ of long third person plural \textitbf{dorang} ‘\textsc{3pl}’ and of short first person plural \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{1pl}’. The elicited examples in (\ref{Footnote_Example_9.1}) show, however, that possessive constructions with \textitbf{the morpheme ___}/\textitbf{dorang} \textitbf{pu} ‘our/their’ are possible:
A: word: torang	 gloss: 1PL
B: word: kitorang	 gloss: 1PL
C: word: kam	 gloss: 2PL
D: word: ruma	 gloss: house
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 5:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): torang / ___ pu ruma ada di situ
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL / ___ POSS house exist at L.MED
The English translation of this sentence is:‘our/their house is over there’ [Elicited BR111020-001.002-003] \z
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: With respect to the possessive marking of personal pronouns, there are no prosodic restrictions on the use of the two possessive marker forms: either can occur with the long and the short \isi{pronoun} forms, as illustrated in Table \ref{Table_9.2} and Table \ref{Table_9.2a}.\footnote{In the corpus there are only two unattested combinations, namely the marking with short \textitbf{pu} ‘\textsc{poss}’ of long third person plural \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{3pl}’ and of short first person plural \textitbf{torang} ‘\textsc{1pl}’. The elicited examples in (\ref{Footnote_Example_9.1}) show, however, that possessive constructions with \textitbf{torang}/\textitbf{the morpheme ___} \textitbf{pu} ‘our/their’ are possible:
A: word: kam	 gloss: 2PL
B: word: dorang	 gloss: 3PL
C: word: malas	 gloss: be.listless
D: word: dong/dorang	 gloss: 3PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 6:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): torang / dorang ___ ruma ada di situ
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL / 3PL ___ house exist at L.MED
The English translation of this sentence is:‘our/their house is over there’ [Elicited BR111020-001.002-003] \z
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: With respect to the possessive marking of personal pronouns, there are no prosodic restrictions on the use of the two possessive marker forms: either can occur with the long and the short \isi{pronoun} forms, as illustrated in Table \ref{Table_9.2} and Table \ref{Table_9.2a}.\footnote{In the corthe morpheme ___s there are only two unattested combinations, namely the marking with short \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{poss}’ of long third person plural \textitbf{dorang} ‘\textsc{3pl}’ and of short first person plural \textitbf{torang} ‘\textsc{1pl}’. The elicited examples in (\ref{Footnote_Example_9.1}) show, however, that possessive constructions with \textitbf{torang}/\textitbf{dorang} \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘our/their’ are possible:
A: word: hendro	 gloss: POSSR
B: word: cara	 gloss: manner
C: word: pukul	 gloss: hit
D: word: pu	 gloss: POSS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 7:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): torang / dorang pu ___ ada di situ
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL / 3PL POSS ___ exist at L.MED
The English translation of this sentence is:‘our/their house is over there’ [Elicited BR111020-001.002-003] \z
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: With respect to the possessive marking of personal pronouns, there are no prosodic restrictions on the use of the two possessive marker forms: either can occur with the long and the short \isi{pronoun} forms, as illustrated in Table \ref{Table_9.2} and Table \ref{Table_9.2a}.\footnote{In the corpus there are only two unattested combinations, namely the marking with short \textitbf{pu} ‘\textsc{poss}’ of long third person plural \textitbf{dorang} ‘\textsc{3pl}’ and of short first person plural \textitbf{torang} ‘\textsc{1pl}’. The elicited examples in (\ref{Footnote_Example_9.1}) show, however, that possessive constructions with \textitbf{torang}/\textitbf{dorang} \textitbf{pu} ‘our/their’ are possible:
A: word: cucu	 gloss: grandchild
B: word: halamang	 gloss: yard
C: word: ruma-sakit	 gloss: hospital
D: word: ruma	 gloss: house
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 8:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ada sa \textup/puŋ/ ___
Gloss (with missing item): exist 1SG POSS ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(over there) is my garden’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In a few cases, however, the reduced ligature takes on the form /\textstyleChCharisSIL{puŋ}/ regardless of the form of the following segment, as illustrated in (\ref{Example_9.6}) to (\ref{Example_9.8}).
A: word: sungay	 gloss: river
B: word: ber–kebung	 gloss: VBLZ–garden
C: word: dusung	 gloss: garden
D: word: ini	 gloss: D.PROX
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 9:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ... tong \textup/puŋ/ ___ makang babi juga
Gloss (with missing item): ... 1PL POSS ___ eat pig also
The English translation of this sentence is:‘[our way of eating is just like the Toraja one,] our way of eating pigs also’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In a few cases, however, the reduced ligature takes on the form /\textstyleChCharisSIL{puŋ}/ regardless of the form of the following segment, as illustrated in (\ref{Example_9.6}) to (\ref{Example_9.8}).
A: word: acara	 gloss: festivity
B: word: harusnya	 gloss: appropriately
C: word: cara	 gloss: manner
D: word: jaw	 gloss: be.far
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 10:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): sa bilang, i, ___ kaka, de bilang ko=p kaka?
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG say ugh! ___ oSb 3SG say 2SG=POSS oSb
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I said, ``ugh!, (that’s) my older sister'', she said, ``your older sister?'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The possessive marker can be reduced further to \textitbf{=p} ‘\textsc{poss}’, if the \isi{possessor \isi{noun} phrase} ends in a vowel, as in (\ref{Example_9.9}) to (\ref{Example_9.11}). In this case, the marker is cliticized to the possessor. In this type of reduced possessive construction, the possessor is almost always a singular personal \isi{pronoun}, such as short first person \textitbf{sa} ‘\textsc{1sg}’, second person \textitbf{ko} ‘\textsc{2sg}’ in (\ref{Example_9.9}), or short third person \textitbf{de} ‘\textsc{3sg}’ as in (\ref{Example_9.10}). The possessor may, however, also be expressed by a \isi{noun} as in (\ref{Example_9.11}), although in the corpus this example is the only one attested. Again, the same construction is used for alienable and inalienable possession.
A: word: sap	 gloss: 1SG:POSS
B: word: bisa	 gloss: be.able
C: word: sa=p	 gloss: 1SG=POSS
D: word: natanael	 gloss: Natanael
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 11:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): sa bilang, i, sa=p ___ de bilang ko=p kaka?
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG say ugh! 1SG=POSS ___ 3SG say 2SG=POSS oSb
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I said, ``ugh!, (that’s) my older sister'', she said, ``your older sister?'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The possessive marker can be reduced further to \textitbf{=p} ‘\textsc{poss}’, if the \isi{possessor \isi{noun} phrase} ends in a vowel, as in (\ref{Example_9.9}) to (\ref{Example_9.11}). In this case, the marker is cliticized to the possessor. In this type of reduced possessive construction, the possessor is almost always a singular personal \isi{pronoun}, such as short first person \textitbf{sa} ‘\textsc{1sg}’, second person \textitbf{ko} ‘\textsc{2sg}’ in (\ref{Example_9.9}), or short third person \textitbf{de} ‘\textsc{3sg}’ as in (\ref{Example_9.10}). The possessor may, however, also be expressed by a \isi{noun} as in (\ref{Example_9.11}), although in the corpus this example is the only one attested. Again, the same construction is used for alienable and inalienable possession.
A: word: kaka	 gloss: oSb
B: word: prempuang	 gloss: 10pt
C: word: br–ade-kaka	 gloss: VBLZ–siblings
D: word: komputer	 gloss: computer
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 12:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): sa bilang, i, sa=p kaka, de bilang ___ kaka?
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG say ugh! 1SG=POSS oSb 3SG say ___ oSb
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I said, ``ugh!, (that’s) my older sister'', she said, ``your older sister?'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The possessive marker can be reduced further to \textitbf{=p} ‘\textsc{poss}’, if the \isi{possessor \isi{noun} phrase} ends in a vowel, as in (\ref{Example_9.9}) to (\ref{Example_9.11}). In this case, the marker is cliticized to the possessor. In this type of reduced possessive construction, the possessor is almost always a singular personal \isi{pronoun}, such as short first person \textitbf{sa} ‘\textsc{1sg}’, second person \textitbf{ko} ‘\textsc{2sg}’ in (\ref{Example_9.9}), or short third person \textitbf{de} ‘\textsc{3sg}’ as in (\ref{Example_9.10}). The possessor may, however, also be expressed by a \isi{noun} as in (\ref{Example_9.11}), although in the corpus this example is the only one attested. Again, the same construction is used for alienable and inalienable possession.
A: word: skola	 gloss: go.to.school
B: word: sa=p	 gloss: 1SG=POSS
C: word: ko=p	 gloss: 2SG=POSS
D: word: cara	 gloss: manner
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 13:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): sa bilang, i, sa=p kaka, de bilang ko=p ___
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG say ugh! 1SG=POSS oSb 3SG say 2SG=POSS ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I said, ``ugh!, (that’s) my older sister'', she said, ``your older sister?'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The possessive marker can be reduced further to \textitbf{=p} ‘\textsc{poss}’, if the \isi{possessor \isi{noun} phrase} ends in a vowel, as in (\ref{Example_9.9}) to (\ref{Example_9.11}). In this case, the marker is cliticized to the possessor. In this type of reduced possessive construction, the possessor is almost always a singular personal \isi{pronoun}, such as short first person \textitbf{sa} ‘\textsc{1sg}’, second person \textitbf{ko} ‘\textsc{2sg}’ in (\ref{Example_9.9}), or short third person \textitbf{de} ‘\textsc{3sg}’ as in (\ref{Example_9.10}). The possessor may, however, also be expressed by a \isi{noun} as in (\ref{Example_9.11}), although in the corpus this example is the only one attested. Again, the same construction is used for alienable and inalienable possession.
A: word: kaka	 gloss: oSb
B: word: komputer	 gloss: computer
C: word: br–ade-kaka	 gloss: VBLZ–siblings
D: word: laki	 gloss: husband
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 14:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): sa bilang, i, ___ kaka, de bilang ko=p kaka?
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG say ugh! ___ oSb 3SG say 2SG=POSS oSb
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I said, ``ugh!, (that’s) my older sister'', she said, ``your older sister?'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The possessive marker can be reduced further to \textitbf{=p} ‘\textsc{poss}’, if the \isi{possessor \isi{noun} phrase} ends in a vowel, as in (\ref{Example_9.9}) to (\ref{Example_9.11}). In this case, the marker is cliticized to the possessor. In this type of reduced possessive construction, the possessor is almost always a singular personal \isi{pronoun}, such as short first person \textitbf{sa} ‘\textsc{1sg}’, second person \textitbf{ko} ‘\textsc{2sg}’ in (\ref{Example_9.9}), or short third person \textitbf{de} ‘\textsc{3sg}’ as in (\ref{Example_9.10}). The possessor may, however, also be expressed by a \isi{noun} as in (\ref{Example_9.11}), although in the corpus this example is the only one attested. Again, the same construction is used for alienable and inalienable possession.
A: word: bisa	 gloss: be.able
B: word: cucu	 gloss: grandchild
C: word: sa=p	 gloss: 1SG=POSS
D: word: sap	 gloss: 1SG:POSS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 15:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): sa bilang, i, sa=p ___ de bilang ko=p kaka?
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG say ugh! 1SG=POSS ___ 3SG say 2SG=POSS oSb
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I said, ``ugh!, (that’s) my older sister'', she said, ``your older sister?'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The possessive marker can be reduced further to \textitbf{=p} ‘\textsc{poss}’, if the \isi{possessor \isi{noun} phrase} ends in a vowel, as in (\ref{Example_9.9}) to (\ref{Example_9.11}). In this case, the marker is cliticized to the possessor. In this type of reduced possessive construction, the possessor is almost always a singular personal \isi{pronoun}, such as short first person \textitbf{sa} ‘\textsc{1sg}’, second person \textitbf{ko} ‘\textsc{2sg}’ in (\ref{Example_9.9}), or short third person \textitbf{de} ‘\textsc{3sg}’ as in (\ref{Example_9.10}). The possessor may, however, also be expressed by a \isi{noun} as in (\ref{Example_9.11}), although in the corpus this example is the only one attested. Again, the same construction is used for alienable and inalienable possession.
A: word: br–ade-kaka	 gloss: VBLZ–siblings
B: word: komputer	 gloss: computer
C: word: mama	 gloss: mother
D: word: kaka	 gloss: oSb
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D